a

  )[1)y/

“THE FARMER IS OF MORE CONSEQUENCE THAN THE FARM, AND SHOULD ‘BE FIRST IMPROVED.”

VOLUME 8,-—NO. 6.
WHOLE NO. I34.

2 [Printed by Kalamazoo Publishing Co.]

SCHOOLCRAFT, MICHJMARCH 15, 1882.

YOUR SUBSCRIPTION
WILL EXPIRE WITH NO.....

Q‘

Entered at the Post Oilice at Kalamazoo
as Second Class matter.

Elie drainage %isilm.°

(ENLARGED)

Published on the First and Fifteenth of
every month,

AT FIFTY GENTS PER ANNUM,
Eleven Copies for 85.00.

J. T. COBB, Editor and Manager,

To whom all communications should be addressed,
at Schoolcraft, Mich.

Remittances should be by Eegistered Letter, Money
Order. or Draft.

This Editio1iS,5OO.

INDEX TO THIS NUMBER.

The Working Man—Fatteniug Cattle, N o. 4—System
and Economy in Farming—— My Experience in
Raising Potatoes — What is Ensilage P -Setting
Hens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The State Public School——D. W. Ferry & Co.—An-
other Instance—Paper on Country Roads . . . . . . . 2

Do as Near Right as You Can—Success—-Department
of Agriculture-Lecturer’s Document of National
Grange, P. of H.—A Lawvefs Trick—Corn
and Straw for Fuel . . . . . . .

Premiums: Time Extended: Another 0l'fer—Kala-
mazoo County Farmers’ Institute-—Sanitation—
Statistical Facts which Invite Consideration-Com
gress and the Patent Law—- Delinquent Granges—
Vrsrron Receipts (Coutinued)—TI.e Patent Bill as
Amended—The Tax Law: Potatoes— White Mount-
ains Excursions, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Patent Law Amendment—Reviewer Reviewed—N a-
tional Bureau Lectures—The Care of Poultry-
Notices of Meetings, ....  ..   ..  6

Tired of Life-Let us Act—Lost Opportunies — The
Farmer's Garden—Mrs. Benton's Spare Room-
Advice to Young Ladies—A Good Word From
Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6

lighty Workers—Repprt from Calhoun Co. Grange.
Capital Grange, o. 540 — Another “ Sleepy
Grange ” Wakes Up—A Visit to Lent and Orange-
ville Granges, Barry 00., Mich.—Our Trusty-
" Improvement ” our Motto—“ Ever Man the Ar-
chitect of His Own Fortune.”——The
Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Advertisements, . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

eaper Death.
— 7

Oflicers National Grange.

MAs'rzn—J. J. WOODMA.N,. . .Paw Paw, Michigan.
0vnn.snnn.—PUT. DABDEN,.. . . . .... . .Mississippi.
Luc'runsn-—HENRY ESHBAUGH, .... ..Missouri.
Sawwkan-A. J. VAUGHN, .......... ..Mississippi.
Assr. SrxwAnn—-WILLIAM SIMS, ...... ..Ka.nsas.
On.u>r.u1r—-S. H. ELLIS, .................. ..Ohio.
'.l‘nnsuaan—F. M. MCDOWELL, .... ..New York.
Slcnn'r.u:r—-WM. M. IBELAN D, Washington, D.C.
Gan:-Knnrna-0. DINWIDDIE, ....... ..Ind.iana..
0Inns——M.RS. J. J. WOODMAN, ...... ..Michigan.
Polo1IA—MRS. PUT. DARDEN, .... ..Mississippi.
l‘r.oln——M.BS. I. W. NICEIOLSON,...New Jersey.
LLB! Ass'r. SrnwAnn— MRS. WM. SIMS, Kansas.

Executive committee-

D. WYATT AIKEN, ............ ..South Carolina.
E JAMES, ............................. ..Indiana.
W. G. WAYNE,......................New York.

Oflicers Michigan state Grange.

[-0. G. LUCE, ........................ ..Gilead.
0.—A. N. WOODRUFF, ............. ..Watei-vliet.
CHARLES E. MICKLEY ....  .... .. ....Thurber.
B.—S. A. T00'KER, .................... ..Lansing.
A. s.—s. E. GREEN... .. .. .. .. .Farmington.
0.—SALMON STEEL, ..... . .Frankfort, Benzie Co.
'.l.'.—S. F. BROWN, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Schoolcraft.
8Io.—J. T. COBB, ................... . .Schoolcral't.
G. K.—ELIJAH BARTLETT, ........... . . Dryden.
Gums.-—Mns. A. S. STANNARD, ........ ..Lowell.
PoIto1u.—Mns. H. D. PLATT, ......... . .Ypsilanti.
Fr.o1u.—Mas. A N. WO0DRUFF,....Watervliet.
L. A. S.——Mns. A. E. GREEN, ....... . .Farmington.

EXOGUHVO COIY|i'lII'Ct96-

1. Q. A. BUERINGTON, Chairman, .... ..Tuscola.
J. wnnsrnn CH1LDS,...'. ..’ ........ ..Ypsilanti.
r. M. HOLLOWAY, ..........  ....... . .Hillsdale.
THOMAS MARS, ............... . . Berrien Center.
WM. SATTEBLEE, ............... ..Birmingham.
THOS. F. MOORE, .............. . . . .... . .Adrian.
J. G RAMSDELL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Traverse City.
0. G. LUCE, J. T. COBB, ............ ..Ex-ofiicio.

state Business Agent. .
THOMAS MASON, ................. ..Chicago, Ill
GEO. W. HILL ......................... ..Detroit.

Special Lecturers.

1-Ml 1-_)(oog.,,__,,_ ,,,,,,, ..Adria.n, Lenawee Co.
I. 1.. Stevens. ............. ..Porrv. Shinwauee Co.
flu. 8. Steele, .............. ..Manton, Wexford Co.
‘gamer Campbell, ..... "Ypsilanti, Washtenaw Co.
1 .w. Wing .......... . .Ann Arbor, Wuhtenaw Co.

fiiriwlluml fiwavlmul.

THE WORKING-MAN.

The noblest men I know on earth,

Are men whose hands are brown with toil,
Who. hacked by no ancestral groves,

Hew down the wood and till the soil,
And win thereby a prouder name
Than follows king or warrior’s fame.

The working men, whate’er their task,
Who carve the stone or bear the hod,
They bear upon their honest brows
The royal stamp and seal of God ;
And worthier are their drops of sweat
Than diamonds in a coronet.

God bless the noble working-men,
Who rear the cities of the plain,
Who dig the mines, who build the ships,
And drive the commerce of the main-
God bless them ! for their toiling hands
Have wrought the glory of all lands.

Faitening Callie, No. 4.

BY C. G. LUCE.

I had intended closing No. 3 with a table
of the relative (edible as printed) value of
different varieties of cattle feed. But the
table had disappeared, but has now been
returned, and a few of the items are quoted.

One hundred pounds of well cured hay is
used as the standard. Quoting from mem-
ory, I was in error in giving the value of
wheat straw in the last VISITOR.

56 pounds corn equals . . . . . . . .
62 “

. . .100 pounds hay.
 (L I II A‘
105 “
165
320
340

wheat bran equals. .
oat straw equals . . . . . . ..
wheat straw equals. . . . .
mangold wurtzel equals.
300 carrots equals . . . . . . . . . . .
500 turnips equals . . . . . . . . ..

The chief value of tables of this sort is
they afford us a basis for a proper estimate
of what we can best afford to do, or what we
cannot do with profit. In order to apply
the information contained in the table it
becomes necessary to know how much cattle
should be fed, and what the probable results.
And here feeders as well as carefully con-
ducted experiments will differ to some ex-
tent. But the rule that will prevail in a
large majority of cases is as follows. For
winter feed, fattening steers should be fed
four pounds of good hay or its equivalent, to
each 100 pounds live weight. Of course
turnips, straw and even hay are too bulky
to be fed alone for fattening purposes. Corn
is too concentrated to be fed alone. A mix-
ture of some or all of these difl‘erentsub-
stances is attended with the best results.
Whether cattle should be enabled, and
whether their feed should be ground or un-
ground are questions about which men
differ. I have tried stabling ; have fed meal
and whole corn ; have taken some pains to
test results, and have arrived at the conclu-
sion that, on the whole, neither system has
as much ‘advantage over the other as some
suppose. If a farmer is feeding a few, any-
where from two to eight, it is well to stable.
and if grinding facilities are convenient, get
his corn ground and feed meal. This is of
more especial importance if intended for
spring market. The reason why it is not as
important if they are to be grazed is that
cattle that have been stabled all winter do
not do as well for the first few weeks on
grass as those do which have been fed out
doors. The better way is where a few calves
are raised and fed for beef to crowd them
along winter and summer until two years
old. Sell in the winter, summer or fall, as
circumstances shall dictate. At this age the
breed and feed ought to be good enough to
make them weigh from 1200 to 1400 pounds.
Then they ought to sell at the top of the
market. On our farm we keep but two cows
and of course raise but few calves. Buy
nearly all we feed. Have been feeding for
the last twenty years from 20 to 60 head each
year. Have always kept an account with
my cattle. _Heve taken some pains to ascer-
tain the best method of feeding and time of
year for selling. The cattle are bought up
in the months of November, December and
January. Taking one year with another.

-have found the best time for me to sell to be

from the first day of August to the tenth.of
September. The cattle are fed in a yard or
lot with sheds, straw stacks or thick grove
for protection. They are fed shock corn
drawn from the field as fed. When on ful_l
feed they eat about one-third of a bushel of
corn each day. This with the corn fodder
and straw is ample. We turn two pigs
with three steers to utilize the waste or undi-
gested corn. From Deoemberlst to May 1st

three steers will consume 150 bushels of
corn. The two pigs will gain 400 lbs. This
gain at five cents will pay for 40 bushelsOf
corn at 50 cents per bushel, leaving 3621 bush-
els to charge to each steer. If corn is
ground and fed with cut straw or fodder the
result so far as feed is concerned is not ‘wide-
ly different. So far as the effect upon the
cattle is concerned 12; lbs. of meal is equal
to 18} of whole corn. After paying toll we
receive about 50 lbs. of meal for a bushel of
corn. At 12; lbs, per day we should feed
37} bushels from December 1st. to May 1st to
each steer. The growth 01' the steers will be
about the same in both cases. I am aware
that the correctness of this statement will
be questioned by some feeders.

There is a popular belief that feeding corn
to cattle is attended with much waste, but a
careful test will prove that this is a mistake.
VVhen we add the extra labor in husking
and preparing the corn for the mill, and in
feeding, the method practiced in this vicin-
ity is. on the whole, the most economical.
For me it has been attended with better
results than grinding.

In the statement of the growth of the pigs
Ihave estimated below rather than above the
actual result, taking one year with another.
The price is stated less than hogs are worth
today, but is given at a price relative with
corn at 50 cents per bushel.

In the next. VISITOR we will conclude this
series of articles.

System and Economy in Farming.

The science of agriculture, if it may be
called a science, is the oldest and most essen-
tial occupation of man. The first require-
ment of our great progenitor was to dress
the garden and to keep'it. Notwithstand-
ing its gre.9.tantiquity»'.-'.-9‘-r-~,.ie. no occupation
that has been conducted with such reckless
carelessness. Any man could be a farmer,
no skill or system or education was required
to run a farm. The young man that could
swing the axe or hold the plow or drive the
team had‘ every requisite for a hired hand
without knowing anything of the rules of
grammar, the laws of chemistry, or the
principles of philosophy. The young lady
could command good wages if she knew
how to milk the cows and .churn the butter,
without knowing the difference between
a piano and a spinning wheel.

But these times are passing away, and
men are beginning to learn that to be suc-
cessful in any business, skill and system are
essential. In no branch of industry are
these more needed than in agricultural pur-
suits, for there is no business on which so
much depends.

To make farming a success everyone en-
gaged in it should adopt some rule to govern
his labor, and rigidly adhere to that rule
till he finds a better one. What that rule
shall be each one must determine for him-
self according to the farm he occupies. The
same rule will not apply to upland and
bottom-land, to a grain or grass farm

Whatever farm we occupy we should prose-
cute our work with system. use good sense.
Never depend upon chance to accomplish
what a well devised plan seldom fails to
effect. Never overdo yourself or team by
doing a big «lav’s work to boast of when
you ire old, but let all work be regular,
systematic and temperate. One overstrained
act may lay you or your team aside for
weeks. As the constant dropping of water
will wear away stone, so systematic labor
persevered in will accomplish much, and he
who adheres to it will never beg for bread,
nor want for help. A sticcessful farmer

-will have a place for everything and every-
thing in its place. His machinery and farm
implements will be under shelter when nor.
in use, and all his tools in order before the
work commences. His stock will be made
comfortable under good shelter with plenty
to eat, and bedding to lie upon. His fences
will be kept in good repair, free from bushes
and briars, and everything will denote thrift
and prosperity.

System in farming will require that ac-
counts he kept of labor and money expend-
ed. and of the proceeds therefrom, so that if
one branch of farming is not remunerative
it can be abandoned for something that will
pay.

But not only is system needed, but rig-
id economy is essential to success. And
here is where so many fail-—the rock on
which so many farmers have been wrecked.
No farmer should ever live beyond his

means, no matter how -small they are. All

extravagance should be avoided in living,
in dress and recreation. It is bad ecomomy
to buy a fancy suit, and then be compelled
to sell our produce at a low market to pay
the debt or save the expense of a law suit.
If we would use such articles only in our
living as are conducive to our health and
strength, we would save one-half in the
cost of living. Tea, coffee, tobacco could be
entirely dispensed with and no one would
die the sooner. In most of families, sugar
costs more than bread, and yet this article is

mostly used to tempt the appetite to glut-

tony.

Economy should be practiced in the sav-
ing of fertilizers to enrich the farm, and to
supply the waste that continued cropping
occasions. For this purpose all stock should
be housed in winter, and the cleanings of
stables carefully preserved, formed into
compost, and spread on the land in
spring, A few years of such practice will
convince any man that one hundred loads
of well prepared compost is better for the
farm than a thousand dollar mortgage.
Everything in the shape of weeds, straw or
stubble should returned to the land to
supply food for plants. With me it is very
doubtful economy to use plaster instead of
compost as a fertilizer.

It is bad economy for farmers’ wives to
make butter and sell it for grease at eight
cents a pound when proper care in its man-
ufacture would make the same article worth
twenty to twenty-five cents. It is not good
economy for farmers living in the country
to try to imitate their more genteel cousins
in the cities and villages in their style of
living. In flourishing towns where the
side-walks are kept clean from filth and
dust, ladies can sweep the streets, if they
choose, with their silks and satins, but it
would be neither economy or good taste for
farmers’ wives or daughters to sweep the
cow yard or garden walk with their dresses.

In short, system and economy in all the
transactions of the farm and the household,
with diligent perseverance, will insure suc-
cess, competence, and happiness; and farm-
ers, instead of being looked upon as inferior
in their calling, may rise to the dignity of
the loftiest position, not only as equals in
other professions, but the peers of any class
that lives. COURTLAND HILL.

Bengal, Feb. 7, 1882.

What is Ensilagei

Editor Grange Visitor.-—If not too much
trouble would you please explain for the
benefit of a new subscriber how ensilage is
made. I have the impression, though how
I got it I don’t know, that it is something
of a saur-kraut mixture. If so, how does it
differ from the brewer’s grains which are so
justly condemned. I believe that every
kind of decay taken into the animal system
helps that system to decay.

Mas. A. HAMILTON.

Peach Belt, Mich., Feb., 1882.

My Experience in Raising Potatoes.

Mr. Editor .-—As it will soon be time to
plant and sow spring crops, I thought I
would tell my brother farmers who read
your paper what I have learned by experi-
ence about raising potatoes.

Born and brought up a farmer, I followed
in the footsteps of our fathers in this branch
of farming until a few years ago. I used to
plant small as well as large potatoes and
from four to ten eyes in a hill, and, as many
farmers still do, I used to raise a great many
small potatoes. ,When I determined to ex-
periment a little in this business I selected
the largest and smoothest for seed and cut
them toone eye on a piece, planting two
pieces in a hill in rows three and one-half
feet apart each way.

The crop was better than I had ever raised
before. The next year I again selected the
best for seed, cutting as before, but putting
only one eye in a hill, and using a bushel
and a half of seed for three-fourths of an
acre. When planting, a neighbor passing
by gave me the comforting assurance that I
was throwing away my time and the use of
the land. He said he planted from four to
six eyes in a hill, and that was few enough.
The result was that I raised more potatoes
than he did 011" from twice the amount of
land. I took mine to market without sort-
ing, and had the satisfaction of knowing
that they were the best that had been offered
for sale in that locality that season.

My little experiment not only taught me

something, but my success has proved of
value-to all my observing neighbors; and I
recommend to all who raise potatoes to take
the chances on at least a few rows this year,
with but one eye in a hill, cut from the best
potatoes you have. We are quite sure you
won’t need any advice next year iii the
matter of seed potatoes and planting.

H. F. CUMMINGS.
Stanton, Montcalm Co., Mich. ’

Talks on Poultry, No. 3.

SETTING HENS.

March, April and May are the months for
raising chicks; many raise a few in early
fall. Set only hens that will make good
mothers, and that are not too heavy. If a
hen acts as if she wasn’t particular about
sitting, say to her in the language of Shakes-
peare, “Lay on, Macduff‘, lay on.” Seta
number of hens at a time, and give the
chicks to the hen known to be the best
mother, not much over a dozen chicks per
hen. Set hens in the evening, so they will
get used to the eggs and quiet.

Set an odd number of eggs, as it makes a
more complete circle. Eggs from two-year
old hens are best for setting, and may be
kept in 9. well ventilated cellar; avoid a
hot, dry place. Be sure of your eggs. Mark
each egg with a lead pencil with date and va-
riely; this will also show if any fresh eggs
happen to be laid there. If an egg breaks,
cleanse the nest and wash the rest with warm
water. There is no way of telling by the
eggs what sex the chicks will be.

A man in Vermont has a room for sitting
and another for laying hens. There is an
opening like a doorway between the two.
There are four or five shelves, one above the
other, extending into each room, and enough
boxes. on each shelf to equal the width of
the door. The‘ room for laying hens is open
and the other closed. When a hen finishes
laying she is set, and the box shoved through
into the sitting room, and another box put
in its place if necessary. In the room for
sitting hens is food, water, etc. In this way
hens cannot lay to those that are set.

Always contrive to have all nests so hens
cannot roost on the sides. For sitting hens
there is no better way than to have a room
which can be closed, and with _a ground
floor; Have a lattice or screen wire coop
over the hens if necessary. Keep your sit-
ting room always supplied with food, water,
and dust boxes. If your nests are covered,
take offall the hens daily for food, etc.; and
after they have finished eating let them out
for exercise. and come back as they choose.
If you make nests oil‘ the ground, put a fresh
sod in the bottom of the nest, as eggs must
be kept moist. Hay is the best material for
nests; sprinkle with sulphur, and put a few
tobacco strips in the bottom (the best use
tobacco was ever put to). Mark on a card
with ink the date and number of eggs, and
tack over the nest; then register the same
in a book. Then you will know what you
have done at the end of the season. Success
in anything is system.

Remove the chicks as hatched, and don’t
be in too much of a hurry to feed them.

Grand View Farm, 01.]; pom,-1-3y_
Kalamazoo.

RAISING WEAK Lamas. —— A successful
breeder ofchoice Merinos in Vermont writes:
“Formerly as soon as I had a lamb drop.
if itdid not get up at once and take care of
itself, orif it was weak, I had to take it into
the house and keep it warm for the least chili
is sure death. I have finally hit upon a plan.
that I think will benefit others who are
breeding high priced sheep. It is to keep a
few bricks on the stove, and when the lamb
drops, put the warm bricks into a basket or
box and a little straw over them; the lamb is
put in the bed thus prepared, and he is up as
quickly as in July.”

The chief danger to a free country is not
the corruption of the civil service but that
of the legislation. The principles which
regulate the civil service are responsibility
and subordination ; the principles which
regulate the legislature are irresponsibility
and independence. The former is under
the complete control of the latter - the latter;
is under no control whatever.  corrupt‘
civil service cannot exist where the legisla-
ture is pure; while a corrupt legislation
necessarily taints the civil service. As it is
less dangerous, so also it is more diflicult, to
corrupt the civil service than to corrupt the
legislature. The civil servant, if bribed, is
bribed to commit a violation of law, which
is a crime; the legislator, if bribed, is
bribed to vote, and to vote is his duty. If
legislators are not steeled against the cor-
rupting influences of railways, under our
present system how can we expect them to
become so against the constant baits of a
stupendous monopoly controlling the wealth
of the whole country ?—-Isaac L. Rice.


2

 

TEE

EBANEE VESIEQR.

Qflflrmmnniratinnr.

   

The State Public School.

A short time since it was our good fortune
to visit Coldwater, and while there the
State school for the poor, which is located
a mile and a half north of the city on the C.
& Marshall road; and we were so pleased
with what we saw and learned while there
we thought that perhaps it might interest
some of the readers of the Vrsrron, hence
will write of some of these things.

The Superintendent, Lyman P. Alden,
kindly welcomed us and provided us with, a
guide under whose direction we visited the
various rooms. Upon leaving the oifice we
passed through the library, a nicely furnish-
ed room provided with a good assortment of
books. In the school rooms we found the
children engaged in the various exercises
like those in any of our primary schools.
After the close of the afternoon session
the children are gathered in the chapel for a
drill in vocal music under the instruction of
one of the lady teachers,assisted by the other
teachers in keeping the children in order.

Soon the supper bell rang and we heard
the tramp, tramp of the three hundred hun-
gry children approaching the long dining
room each keeping step to the music of the
bass drum played by one of the boys.
After all were seated at their respective
tables, ata signal from the matron every
head was bowed and with voices united as
one,the children repeated the Lord’s Prayer,
than which nothing could be more appropri-
ate. During the meal and while filing from
the room after it, we noticed that the older
ones looked after and assisted the little ones
—-for there are some here only three years
old--thus showing that they are taught to not
think of self alone but to help one another.

Besides this dining room there is one smal-
ler for the teachers, matrons etc., and still
another especially for the use of the Super-
intendent and his family, with whom we
were invited to sup, and from whom we
learned many facts that we couldn't other-
wise have obtained, for all of which they
have our sincerest thanks.

While here we met two friends of former

days, Miss Sarah Parsons, whois the Matron ‘

of the girls’ cottage, and Miss Mary Houston
who makes a very competent superintend-
ent of the sewing room which is in the base-
ment and is provided with sewing machines
and everything necessary for the making of
all the clothing required by the members of
the institution. Cupboards filled with
thread, buttons, factory, ginghams, etc., all
material being purchased by wholesale. We
find the buildings all heated by steam and
lighted by gas, each cottage provided with
bath rooms in which each child is taught
that cleanliness is one of the first laws of
health.

The buildings are on the cottage and con-
gregate plan combined, there being the main
building and wings, in which are the Super-
intendent’s residence and oflice, dormito-
ries, for matrons, teachers, and other em-
ployees, the school rooms, the dining-rooms
and kitchens in the rear projection ; and the
store-rooms, shoe-shop, sewing room, laun-
dry, engine and boiler rooms, etc., in the
basement which extends under the entire
main building and wings. In the rear of
the main building and connected with the
same by a covered passageway are the eight
cottages for about thirty children each, who
are in charge of a lady cottage manager in
each, whose dutiesare similar to a mother
with a smaller family. The capacity of the
school can be increased by the additions of
cottages only. '

The children are taught the common En-
glish branches as in our district schools. So
far as their age will permit they are taught
how to work, the boys on the farm of 41
acres, in the garden, the shoe shop, etc.
The girls assist in making their own clothes
and in the housework: Special effort is
made here to cultivate in the children indus-
trious habits. Life in this institution with
a good school, moral and religious training,
wholesome food, comfortable clothing, kind
treatment, with good discipline soon produ-
ces excellent effects upon the children. Their
moral culture has proper attention, as requir-
ed by law,both in cottages and school rooms.
religious services are held for the children
each Sunday in the chapel, conducted by
the Superintendent assisted by ladies and
gentlemen from the city, representing vari-
ous denominations.

The children entitled to admission are
those of sound mind and body under 12
years of age, that are dependent upon the
public. Until the buildings have a capacity
for all such in the State the admissions to
the school are divided pro ‘rata among the
counties in proportion to the number in each
that are admissible. They are sent here by
the superintendents of the poor on a decision
of the judge of probate of the county where
they belong, with a copy of the decision and
an abstract of the evidence necessary for such
a.decision,-which papers form the basis of
the child's history,and are kept upon the rec-
ords of the institution. The law requires the
board of control to place the children in good
family homes as soon as practicable. The
law contemplates that the _whole life of the
child during minority shall be as carefully
watched over and all its interests as jeal-

ously protected by the State as by an own
parent.

Anyone wishing a child from this school
is obliged to sign a contract with the State,
one clause of which is that “ said child is to
havea good common school education, and
upon becoming 21 years of age is to receive,
if a male, $75 and two new suits of clothes,
and ifa female, $50 and the same number of
suits.”

This school has a two-fold character.
First, it is a temporary educational home
for the children of the poor,to which poverty
alone grants admission. Second, it is a
merciful agency to restore a child that has
lost its natural home to a family, home, and
society. In its characteristic first named it
is a branch of the educational department of

the State, purely a school. making all its
reports to the Superintendent of Public In-
struction. This is the only government
institute of the kind in any country. It is
established and maintained entirely by the
State for dependent children who without it
would have no home excepting such as
private charity or the county poorhouse may
provide. The motives in establishing this
school were first. to benefit these children ;
second, to benefit the State, the chil-
dren being benefitted by being removed
from the streets and county house to good
homes,—the State by a decrease in pauper-
ism and crime. I must stop here after
giving the names of those men to whom the
State of Michigan is indebted for this insti-
tution, as being among the first to originate
and causeto be executed the plan: C. D.
Randal, Dr. S. S. Cutter, C. I. Walker, F.
H. Rankin, Chas. ‘E. Mickley, James
Beems. A. s. w.

 

D. W. Ferry & Co.—Anoiher instance.

Bro. J. T. Cobb.-—The letter from Fish
Commissioner Miller published in your is-
sue of February 15 reminds me of a similar
transaction last year. I am well acquainted
with a party who ordered from D. M. Ferry
& Co. one bushel of white Russian oats and
four packages of his valuable varieties of
corn, paying well for the confidence (‘.’)
placed in their flaming advertisements. In
due time the goods arrived “ apparently in
good condition,” with letter accompanying
stating that one of the varieties of corn
ordered was exhausted, but they had substi-
tuted another equally good, retaining of
course for said “ equally good ” corn price
of that ordered. Each of these pack-
ages was beautifully illustrated with one of
their “ mutual agreements" to which the
purchaser did not heartily subscribe, never-
theless the embellishment was so attractive
that the corn was planted without any
mental reservations. The oats looked well
enough (when cleaned). But from the re-
puted bushel three pecks only of the seed
were sown.

Results : Three packages of corn were
planted by different neighbors under ordi-
nary conditions and produced as well as
other com under as favorable circumstances.
The other package, Blount’s prolific, was
planted under as favorable conditions as the
first three and perhaps one grain in 25 ger-
minated. Probably the “agreement” had
slipped off this one. The three peaks of oats
were sown upon half an acre of land well
prepared and in good season, producing 14
bushels, machine measure. N orways sowed
upon land alongside with same preparation,
sowed and harvested at the same time and
with same care, yielded 32 bushels per acre,
a difference of four bushels per acre in favor
of latter.

After harvest a letter came from aforesaid
enterprising firm inquiring about yield,
appearance, comparative yield, growth of
straw, also price at which oats raised would
be sold, with other legitimate questions. To
this kind letter an answer was returned
which was “ as true as truth has ever been of
late,” giving the facts in the care, the pro-
ducer however taking it into his head to ask
some impertinent questions about the “ mu-
tual agreement“ matter and to make some
unpleasant criticisms upon the propriety of
such proceedings, telling the firm at the
same time that they had written to different
parties whose testimonials they,D. M. Ferry,
had published and had received no answers.
To this a courteous reply was received ; good
was rendered for evil. They had failed to
give the post ofiice address of their references
for the previous year. The mutual agree-
ment was explained by the statement that
all reliable seedsmen labeled their goods in
that way. With a thankful heart the man
of oats replied that the year’s crop would be
cleaned and delivered at the railroad station
for $1.00 per bushel, with a request that the
correspondence be published for the benefit
of future purchasers. For some unexplained
reason the oats have never been called for,
and if this shall get a free insertion they
will be most cheaply advertised, so that any
one wishing to purchase the lot can have
them at the same price, and should more be
wanted perhaps D. M. Ferry & Co. would
supply any friend of yours at reduced rates
for advertising their wares.
GIDEON HEBRON.
Porter, Cass Co.. Feb. 20, 1882.

 

IT is only a few years ago that etroleum
was discovered in this country. he export
of that article, last year, amounted to $40,-

315,596 against $36,218,625 in 1880; yet this is
but a small part of the production. '

‘Paper on Country Reads.

The last Legislature revised the Acts of
former sessions relative to highways, and
passed Act No. 243, enitled “An act to revise
and consolidate the laws relating to the es-
tablishment, opening and improvement and
main tainance of highways and private roads;
and the building, repairing, and preservation
of bridges within the State.” It is found on
page 288 of the Public Acts of 1881. The act
is voluminous and embraces 12 chapters and
142 sections.

On the whole it is a movement in the
right direction, many of its provisions
being an advance upon the laws repeal-
ed by a preceding act. The highway com-
missioner becomes in certain contingences
the most important ofiicer in the township.
Among other duties he is to report to the
township board the amount of money
received and how expended, the improve-
ments made on roads and bridges. and the
condition of roads and bridges, an estimate
of the amount of labor or money in his
judgment required for the next year, the
improvements necessary to be made and the
amount of money that should be levied for
thalpurpose, which statement the township
board shall present to the electors at the next
annual meeting for their action thereon.

The highway commissioner shall have the
general care and superintendence of all the
highways in the township. Section 12 of
chap. 3 enacts that “ all road work hereafter
done upon roads that have been opened and
worked for ten years or more, except such as
may be required for necessary repairs, shall
have in view the permanent improvement
ofsuch roads by grading and turnpiking.
Elevations upon the line of such roads shall
be cut down and depressions raised in order
to form a grade as level as the nature of the
ground will permit. Such roads shall be
worked so as to form a turnpike sufficiently
crowning to turn the water, with gutters
adequate for drainage, and the width of the
turnpike shall not be less than ten feet each
side ofthe center of the road.” Section 13
enacts that “after any such turnpike shall
have been used one year the ruts shall be
filled, after which it shall be graveled in
cases where gravel can conveniently be ob-
tained ;” and describes the manner in which
the gravel is to be placed and the time when
it is to be done. Section 15 permits “ resi-
dents to pave or Macadamize at their own
expense.” Section 1 of chapter 4 provides
“ that the electors of any town in the State
may by a majority vote determine that the
highway tax may be assessed on a money
basis and paid in money, instead of labor, to
be expended under the supervision of the
commissioner of highways, subject,however,
to the direction of the township board : con-
dititioned, that where any work is required
in one place exceeding fifty dollars the com-
missioner shall a'dve1\tis‘e for sealed propos-
als and let to the lowest bidder, giving good
security for the performance of the work,
such contract subject to the approval of the
township board. And when the township
has by such a vote decided to collect a money
tax in place of highway labor as heretofore,
the commissioner acting with the town
board shall divide the town into not less than
four road districts,.in each of which districts
an overseer of highways shall be elected,
who shall report from time to time to the
commissioner any defects in their several
districts, and shall if required by the com-
missioner supervise the repairing and work-
ing of roads therein. Where townships
have determined toavail themselves of the
provisions of this chapter, the provisions of
chapters requiring labor shall have no
efl"ect.”

There are many other duties devolving on
the commissioner of highways, such as
planting shade trees on both sides of high-
ways at a distance of sixty feet apart unless
otherwise directed by the township board.
He may also cause watering troughs to be
constructed and maintained on the more
important roads in the township. He shall
cause guide-boards to be erected and keptin
repair at all important road crossings leading
to cities and villages. He shall have power
to administer all oaths required in any pro-
ceedings before him, and the township clerk
shall be the clerk of the commissioner of
highways keeping, a correct record of his
proceedings and an accurate account of all
orders drawn by him on the township treas-
urer, stating the amount of each and in
whose favor the same were drawn. Some
States have already adopted a plan substan-
tially like the one proposed by chapter 4 of
this act and after a trial of several vears are
more than satisfied with the results. Mas-
sachusetts passed such a local option act and
the townships which availed themselves of it
advanced at once to the front in the charac-
ter of their country roads.

The best road ever traveled by the writer
of this article is found in Washington city.
It was constructed by " Boss Shepard,” and
for a time,owing to the expense of construc-
tion, rendered his name a by-word every-
where. But as time has proved the dura-
bility‘ and absolute perfection of the roadway
it would not be a surprising thing if the
same name had a statue erected to its honor.
He adopted the mode introduced in England
by Thomas Hughes. After ‘ the surface is
prepared by the proper grade, which in
Washington is a very slight convex surface,
a concrete of gravel and minutely puverized
quicklime was then applied to-the depth of

six inches, care being taken that the lime be
perfectly slacked. Another four inches of
very finely broken stone is then placed tipon
the concrete and made absolutely even by
the application of an immense steam roller
of 48 tons weight, the last application of
stone being made just as the concrete is
about to set. Many miles of this pavement
are in use in Washington and justly give it
the name of the best paved city in the
world.

As the act of last winter seems to look to-
ward “ permanent improvement in ‘gravel-
ing ” I have examined good authorities on
the subject of improved country roads and
will briefly refer to them. Mc Adam of
England. whose name has become so famil-
iar, advocates a thorough drainage, making
a solid dry path on the natural soil, and then
applying broken stone of small size, making
a coating of from six to ten inchse which, he
says, becomes waterproof and sufficient to
carry anything. Thorough drainage, how-
ever, is indispensable and the ditches at the
sides must have openings at every oppor-
tunity that the drainage of the roadbed may
be secured.

Mr. French of'l\’ew England in an ex-
haustive article on the construction of
“country roads” says; “We have urged
the importance of drainage at some length
because we are sure that in no particular in
the construction of common roads is so
much money wasted as in the vain attempts
to do the impossible thing of building agood
roadway on a wet foundation.” He says:
“ We know ofinstances when thousands of
loads of gravel have been hauled upon a low
or springy piece of land and the roadway
rounded up so as to be unsafe to travel,when
one-tenth of the money expended in drain-
age would have rendered the road safe and
easy.”

In this part of the State the highways are
for the most part permanently located,and af-
ter a fashion “worked." This term, “work-
ed,” is so truthfully and graphically describ-
ed by the author last quoted that all will ad-
mire the picture. He writes: “No one who
has once witnessed the process of ‘ mending
the roads’ in a New England country town
needs any argument to convince him that a
system more ingeniously devised to accom-
plish nothing was never invented. , The
surveyors are elected at the town meetings
and as the ofllce is of no pecuniary profit
persons of peculiar skill would not usually
accept it; in fact the farmers generally take
their turns in the ofiice. Often some citizen
who lives on a road out of repair seeks the
oflice and is elected, and takes the opportu-
nity to expend most of the tax on his own
road and leaves the rest of the district to be
attended to in the future. The surveyor
selects not the season when repairs are most
needed but that which is most convenient
forhimself and fellow farmers, after their
spring’s work is done, or after harvesting,
and notifies every one assessed to come and
work out his tax. The time arrives and at
8 o'clock A. M. a motley assemblage gathers,
of decrepit old men each with a hoe on his
shoulder ; of pale merchants from their
shops, armed with worn—out shovels; half-
grown boys sent by their mothers,who, per-
haps, are widows; possibly the doctor, the
Lawyer, and even the Minister, all of
whom understand that “ working on the
road ” does not mean hard labor. The farm-
ers bring their steers, great and small, with
the old mare in the lead with acart ; and the
Irishman drives up with a rickety horse
cart and the mortal remains of a railroad
horse to do his part. Here is the surveyor
who never held the ofiice before and who
knows nothing of road making or of direct-
ing a gang of hands. The work must go on
some way ; the roads are soft and full of ruts
or rough with stones. The stones must be
covered, and the roads rounded upinto good
shape. The cattle are all put to the big
-town plow which is set at the side of the
road. The boys ride the beam and the
drivers put on the lash, and the gutters half
filled with sand and soil, and leaves of a
dozen summers are plowed up. The shovel
and hoe men waiting patiently for their
turn to work. The teams now stand idle,
and this mixture, more fit for the compost
heap is thrown upon the, road and finally
smoothed by the old men with their hoes,
and thus the road is “ mended.” The occa-
sion is regarded rather.as a frolic than as
serious labor. The old men tell stories to an
audience always ready to lean on their tools
andlisten. The youngstersamusethemselves
by all sorts of practical jokes, among which
the favorit one is to overload the carts, when
any carts are used, so as to stick the teams.”
He says: “The whole system of overseers
at town meetings, and receiving labor in-
stead of money, should be abolished, and a
competent road master should be appointed
for each town who should be held responsi-
ble for maintaining the roads in good con-
dition, and who should employ the labor
and expend the money necessary to do so.”
He says : “ In some towns in Massachusetts
this plan has been adopted with great
economy and success. The town of Wal-
tham may be cited as as an instance where
this plan has been tested. There are in
the limits of the town 51 miles of roads, and
for nine years they have been under the
charge of one superintendent.
admitted fact that no town in all that region
has highways so uniformly good as Wal-
tham.” Mr. Carter,the superintendent thus

It is an‘

MARCH 15, 1882.

describes the method employed in that
town. “ The town owns three good horses
with plows, carts, and other necessary tools.
There have been usually employed eight
men in the summer, and six in the winter.
Most of the time in the winter is employed
in excavation preparation, and hauling of
gravel to places of easy access for use in the
summer. In early spring the men go over
the road with picks and hoes filling the ruts,
cleaning out ditches and watercourses, and
picking off the loose stones. Any bad spot
is noted and as soon as practicable repaired.
From April to December at ‘intervals of

about six weeks the workmen go all over»

roads and pick up and remove all the loose
stones and rubbish found thereon.” He
adds: “ The importance of constant care in
keeping up a road cannot be overestimated.
A road kept in the best condition receives
least injury from travel and therefore re-
quires the least expenditure for its maintain-
ance. When roads are fairly constructed on
a permanent plan the best authorities agree
that a thin covering of proper material often
applied is of much greater value than a large
quantity of gravel at one application.

Penfield, an eminent English road mas-
ters,says: “ Suppose it necessary to increase
the substance of the roads and it is intended
to apply material for that purpose, and not
merely to make good the wear and tear. It
should be done by thin coats. As soon as
one is embodied in the road apply another,
and another until the desired thickness is at-
tained, but by no means put the whole thick-
ness on at once.” Law, another eminent
authority on road making in England, says:
It is certain that many roads are spoiled by
having too much material put on them at
one application. Roads should always be
under repair. Every road should be divided
into lengths, on each of which an intelligent
laborer should be placed to attend constant-
ly and all times to the proper state of the
road, for which he should be responsible, as
it is vastly cheaper to keep a road in repair
than to renewit when it has been neglect-
ed.” An intelligent author in speaking of
the application of these coatings says: “ It
may seem a trivial matter, perhaps, to give
specific directions regarding the spreading
of the materials applied. The common
method is to shoot down a cart load upon
the spot needing repair and another and
another at short distances, then with hoes
and shovels a portion is thrown each way,
the main body remaining where it was
dumped. Roads repaired thus are almost
always undulating. Those parts where the
dumps were made remaining more solid
than the rest. The best mode is to deposit
it in heaps a little one side of the pathway
and then scatter it evenly with the shovel as
ifsowing grain over the surface; an even
coat will thus be given.

It will be seen in the opening of this paper
that our Legislature has made an advance
movement on the line in the direction of
the improvement of our country roads.
Some counties appreciating the value ofsuch
amovement have already organized what is
known as a highway improvement associa-
tion. Their object in part is to cultivate a
public sentiment in favor of paying the road
tax in money, and expending it in making
good gravel roads under a competent road
master, as a good solid road will greatly on-
hance the property value ofany town where
it is constituted. If every county in Michigan
would organize such a society and act effi-
cienily it would be hardly possible to over-
rate the benefit to our community. In this
connection I clip the following item from
the Kalamazoo Telegraph :—

Last week there was a meeting of what is
known as the highway improvement asso-
ciation at Buchanan. It was attended by
prominent citizens of Berrien county, and
excellent addresses on road making de-
livered. The object of this association is to
keep the road question intelligently in mind
and give Berrien county better roads. Kal-
amazoo might well adopt such an organiza-
tion. Nothing pays the county better than
good roads.

I think achange in the act of revision
oflast winter might be made with beneficial
results by making the term of the oflicial in
charge more permanent. He should have
time to carry out a system of improvement
reaching through a term of years, if he is the
right man for the right place, and surely
every old settled town may be supposed to
havea citizen qualified. And now it only
remains for the people of the State to con-
sult their best interests by embracing the
opportunity presented by the Legislature,
and in a wise expenditure of a money tax

secure good and permanent roadways “in
the good time coming.”
ELI R. MILLER.

 

"HONESTLY and equitably-managed rail-
roads are the most beneficent discovery of
the century, but perverted by irresponsible
and uncontrolled corporate management,
in which stock watering and kindred swin-
dies are tolerated, and favoritism in charges
is permitted, they become simply great en-
gines to accomplish unequal taxation, and
to arbitrarily re-distribute the wealth of the
country. When this state of things is
sought to be perpetuated by acquiring polit-
ical power and shaping legislation through
corrupt use of money, the situation becomeé
more serious.”

 

W1: once saved the life of an infant which
had inadvertently been drugged with land-
anum, and was fast sinking into the sleep

which knows no waking, by giving it strong .

coffee cleared with the white of an egg, _a
teaspoonful every five minutes until it
ceased to be drowsy.—Hall’s Journal of
Health.


MARCH 15. 1882.

res ceases vrsrsoa.

3

D0 A8 NEAR RIGHT AS YOU CAN.
The world stretches widely before you,
A field for your muscle and brain;
And though clouds may often float o'er you,
And often come tempest and rain,
Be fearless of storms which o’ertake you-
Push forward through all like a man-
Good fortune will never forsake you,
° If you do as near right as you can.

Remember the will to do rightly,
If used will evil confound ;
Live daily by conscience, that nightly,
Your sleep may be peaceful and sound.
In contests of right never waver-
Let honesty shape evei y plan,
And life will of Paradise savor
If you do as near right as you can.

Though foe's darkest scandal may speed,
And strive with their shrewdest of tact .
To injure your fame, never heed,
But justly and honestly act;
And ask the Ruler of heaven
To save your fair name as a man,
And all that you ask will be given,
If you do as near right as you can.

Success.

The successful accomplishment of any-
thing furnishes the mind with an index to
the stratagem by which we succeeded. There
are elements in the cast of a successful man
which always demand our esteem, as it re-
quires power and adventure to engender
success, whether it be productive of good or
evil. Execution should always be ad-

‘ mired, for mental and physical ability are

estimated by it.

This position conveys to us the idea that
all have an influence, and in the same
thought we are impressed with the fact that
this sway is necessarily detrimental or ben-
eficial in preparing the foundation upon
which the world conceives us to endure.

The road to success is steep and laborious,
but it may be shortened by ambition and en-
ergy, smoothed by cheerfulness and hope,
and made permanent by honesty and fair
dealing. Success in any branch of business
is never appreciated unless it be the fruit of
unceasing toil, which imparts to it a sing-
ular value obtainable in no other way.

Thrift is very apt to make a man promi-
nent in his own estimation, and before he
can comprehend its presence, it has con-
ceived his downfall. ,

Your merits and your demerits are made
prominent in your achievements, and you
will be judged by your successes.

JOHN HOPKINS.

Department of Agriculture.

For the Vrsrros.

Brother and Sister Patrons and Farmers.-
—We should take courage and never give
up until we succeed in making the Agricul-
tural department equal in standing to any
other department of the government. I
believe that our Congressmen begin
to see the “hand writing on the Wall,”
as the committee on agriculture have agreed
to report favorably the bill to make the De-
partment of Agriculture an executive de-
partment, and our friends of the bill are
confident that it will pass Congress.

The object of the bill is therefore plainly
to put the great agricultural interests of the
nation under the control of a branch of the
government co-ordinate with, and equal in
all respects to the department of State, War,
Law, Postal and Finance.

We should all be heartily in favor of any
measure which thus proposes to distinguish,
honor and elevate the rights of the agricul-
tural masses of the nation. The census re-
ports show that of our 50,000,000 of popula-
tion more than 50 per cent. are engaged in
the various branches of agriculture. We
have more than 188,000,000 acres of farm
land under cultivation and a reserve of 318,-
000,000 acres yet unbroken by the spade or
plow. This great and ancient art represents
more than 30 per cent. of all the value of the
nation, the amount so invested being esti-
mated at $12,000,000,000. It furnishes more
than 80 per cent. of our commerce. It pays
vastly more taxes and bears more burdens
than all the other industries of the country.
It is taxed not only to meet the immediate
responsibilities and expenditures of govern-
ment, but it is put under requisition by
tariff to protect nearly all the manufactories
of the nation. It is the soul of the nation’s
existence. It has been the chief occupation
of mankind in all ages of the -world.

It comes to us from history,havin g inscribed
on its banner a long list of honorable names.
There was no greater praise among the old

Romans than to be called a good farmer,

Cincinnatus, the mighty marshal, leader
and statesman was called three times from
his plow to take command of his country’s
armies in the hour of her greatest danger.
Cato, the Censor and distinguished orator,
wrote a book on farming, and held it as his
proudest work. The Roman senate ordered
the twenty-eight books of Mago of Carthage,
on agriculture to be translated for the useof
the Romans. Cato, Vasso, Virgil, Colum-
ella, Pliny and Palladius were not only the
sweetest poets and greatest historians of the
golden age, but they wrote equally brilliant-
ly on farming. -

The most famous houses among the an-
cient Romans, such as the Pisones, the Fa-
bii, the Sentuli, etc., took their names from
their favorite crops and-vegetables. It is
not too much to assert that many of those
qualities which fitted them for conquering
the world and perfecting their celebrated
jurisprudence were acquired by ‘persever-
ing industryso needful for the intelligent
and successful cultivation of the soil. In
Egypt, “9. land rich in corn,” in Palestine,

“a land flowing with milk and honey,”
and in every country mentioned in sacred
and profane history, the chief men have
been husbandmen.

Cicero, the greatest orator and one of the
greatest patriots and statesmen of the an-
cient world, in speaking of agriculture,
puts the most glowing and exquisite lan-
guage in the mouth of his Cato.

He says: “I come now to, the pleasures of
husbandry, in which I vastly delight.
They are not interrupted by old age and
they seem to me to be pursuits in which a
wise man’s li_fe should be spent. The gains
of husbandry are not what exclusively com-
mend it. I am charmed with the nature
and productive virtues of the soil. In my
opinion there can be no happier life, not
only because the tillage of the soil is salu-
tary to all, but from the pleasure it yields.
Nothing can be more profitable, nothing
more beautiful than a well-cultivated farm.”
This is praise, indeed, from one who had
scaled all the heights of civic fame and
sounded all the depths of social and intellect-
ual.luxury and refinement.

In Egypt, Chaldea and China, in the very
dawn of authentic history, agriculture
seems to have reached great perfection and
success. From the paintings and inscrip-
tions with which the Egyptians decorated
their tombs we get the first knowledge of
agriculture among that wonderful people.
In one of these paintings, which after 3,000
years retains great exactness ‘and beauty,
there is a complete panorama given of the
processes of agricultural art down to the
smallest details. In an ancient hieroglyphic
a simple pick is used as a plow, showing
the rudeness of the art in early times. From
Egypt agriculture traveled into Greece, and
Hesiod, the great Greek poet, a thousand
years before Christ, describes a plow as “a
beam, a share and handles."

In Judea. in the patriarchal age, the peo-
ple were nomads, but rapidly turne(l to ag-
riculture. Vast herds constituted their
chief wealth, at first of sheep and goats, but
finally of oxen. With the use of oxen came
plowing. VVe learn ‘that Job, besides im-
mense possessions in flocks and herds, had
five hundred yoke of oxen, which he em-
ployed in plowing and “a very great hus-
bandry.” Isaac, too, was a successful hus-
bandman, for we read that he sowed in the
land of Gerar. and “reaped an hundred
fold.”

Along with the Babylonians, Egyptians
and Romans, the Israelites are classed as
one of the great agricultural nations of an-
tiquity. They acquired their knowledge of
farming during their captivity in Egypt,
and upon their release from bondage they
found Canaan a land of inexhaustable rich-
ness in corn and grain, and abounding in
vineyards and olive-yards. It was so rich
in grain that the invading army, numbering
six hundred thousand able-bodied men,with
their wives and children and camp-followers,
found “old corn” in the land suflicient to
maintain them from the day they crossed
the Jordan. Moses took a census, and made
a law giving every man from sixteen to
twenty-five acres of land. This was held by
a. direct tenure from Jehovah, and could not
be sold or aliened. Debts could not accumu-
late fast, because there was no interest al-
lowed, and all debts were released every
seven years. At the year of jubilee all land
want back to the original owner or his
heirs. The owners of these small farms
cultivated them with great care. The stones
were carefully removed, and the land wat-
ered by canals and conduits, communicating
with the brooks and streams, with which
the country “was well watered everywhere.”
The seventh-year fallow prevented the ex-
haustion of the soil.

The whole system of agriculture in that
historic country was superb and wonderful.
With peculiar.political and social arrange-
ments. and their balmy and delicious clim-
ate, the country at its most advanced stages
must have exhibited such an example of
high cultivation, rich and varied produce,
wide-spread plenty and contentment, as the
world has ,never yet elsewhere produced on
an equally extensive scale. Not by a figure
of speech, but literally, every Israelite “sat
under the shadow of his own vine and fig-
tree,” while the country is described as “a
land of corn and wine,” “a land of bread
and vineyards,” “a land of oil-olive and
honey.”

The early Romans, like the Israelites, lim-
ited the amount oet‘ land to be held by each
man to about seven acres. Cassius the or-
ator says: “ He is not to be counted a good
citizen, but rather a dangerous man to the
state, who cannot content himself with
seven acres of land.” In later times the
quantity was extended to each man to fifty
and afterwards to five hundred acres. ’

Greece, unrivalled in literature and art,
had a country unfavorable for agriculture,
and early adopted a social status which
still further hindered the growth of farming.
Having reduced the aboriginal tribes to
bondage, they made them till the soil. and
by the decadence and failure of their agri-
culture proved that slavery and art are
absolutely incompatible, Agriculture is an
art which can only be learned and nurtured
and perfected by freemen. It is a child of
liberty and nature.

With the Romans, who grew to be masters
of the world in arms, jurisprudence, power,
and civilization, the fundamental idea was
the culture of the soil and the acquisition

and control of territory. With the Greeks
the dominant idea was the culture of art and
aesthetics. This fact marks the great line of
divergence and difference between these
two great contemporary nations.

It was the custom among the Romans to
send the evidences of the greatest success in
agriculture to the emperors. Pliny tells us
that four hundred stalks of wheat were
grown from one seed and sent to Augustus;
also that three hundred and forty stalks
were grown from a grain, in another in-
stance, and sent to Nero from Africa. In
the later days of her greatness Rome began
to be supplied with products from her con-
quered colonies, and with this foreign sup-
ply came the neglect and decline of her
agriculture at home. With the decline of
that art, on which all true and substantial
national prosperity must be based, came
the decline of Rome’s national power and
her rapid descent into voluptuous enervation
and decay. Then came, with her weakness,
the invasion of the Vandal hordes from the
north, and the desolation and destruction of
the fair fields of the Mistress of the VVorld.

Agriculture then degenerated into the
hands of vassals, and a long, dark night
came down over the world. War became
the chief and only pursuit of men which
was deemed honorable. In a few instances,
it. is true, they carried the banner of agri-
culture into foreign lands. Thus the Sara
cens carried it into Spain, and the Romans
carried it into Britain. But in all times war
and revolution have been the greatest ene-
mies of agriculture, and as a consequence
all the forces of a prosperous agriculture co-
operate to preserve peace and encourage
tnrift._ The history of agriculture is full of
lessons which ought to be impressed on the
mind of the statesman and legislator. Its
progress during the last century is filled
with triumphs of civilization.

The migthy area of land now under su-
perb cultivation, the wonderful perfection of
culture, the extraordinary eflfbrts put
forth by scientific, experimental and practi-
cal farmers to develop, foster and extend the
science; the stupendous amount of pro-
ducts; the vastly improved methods by
which these immense crops are gathered,
garnered and carried to mo.rket,—are the
greatest and truest and most enduring vic-
tories of our age. They were all won in
bloodless battles, with no tears nor suffering
nor distress in their wake, but have built
up and increased the great sum of human
happiness, and give the only promise of the
realization of the dreams of the prophet and
poet of a grand Millenium.

GEO. N. MEAD.
Acme Grange, No. 269.

[To be contz'nurd.]

Lecturer’s Document of National Grange P of H.

TO THE SUBORDINATE GRANGES.

Education is one of the most important
features in our Order. Much of the future
prosperity and welfare of Patrons of Hus-
bandry depends upon the educational ad-
vancement of its members. Education is
the gathering in of such information as may
improve us intellectually, and lead us to a
better and more correct understanding of all
questions pertaining to our interests, to agri-
culture and its science, the customs of trade,
the laws of supply and demand, the ques-
tions of political economy and the affairs of
government. With these questions proper-
ly understood, we become better farmers,
more useful citizens, exerting greater influ-
ence socially, politically, and morally.

To the Lecturers of Subordinate Granges .-
Your duty as Lecturer makes you to some
extent the teacher of your Grange. Consider
the responsibility of your position. Seek to
bring before your Grange all questions of
interest. Open the discussion of these ques-
tions by giving your views clearly in a fra-
ternal way, and then solicit others to partici-
pate in their general consideration. The
advancement of your Grange for the present
year depends largely on your efforts.

To the Masters of Subordinate Granges:
The following resolution was passed by the
National Grange in November, 1881 :-

“Resolved, That the quarterly issue of
topics b the Worthy Lecturer to the Subor-
dinate ranges in his jurisdiction be con-
tinued under such instructions as this
Grange may give, and that the Worthy
Master of each Subordinate,,Grange is direct-
ed to have the same read and considered in
open Grange as soon as may be after they
shall have been received, and that this reso-
lution be printed upon the same sheet.”

QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION IN SUBORDI-
NATE GRANGES FOR APRIL.

Question 7—-Is organization and coopera-
tion a necessity among farmers ?

Suggeetions—By isolation farmers live sin-
gle—handed and are at the mercy of corpo-
rate power, and are compelled to submit to
the assumed authority unjustly exercised by
corporations. Other classes and interests
have organizations for the purpose of co-
operation, and by the application of its pow-
er have gained many advantages, and the
farmers made to bear burdens of injustice
that a just government should seek to remove.
But by co-operative efforts employed by
corporations through political instrumen-
talities to control legislation and govern-
ment, such removals are prevented and the
burdens of farmers annually increased. By
united and consolidated efforts of the farm-
ers only can they protect their own interests
and secure justice to themselves. Such con-
solidation cannot be made nor the efforts
employed, without thorough organization.
Hence, organization of the farmers is an ab-
solute necessity, and strict co operation must
be employed in all Grange work. By
thorough organization and co-0 eration the
farmers can accomplish desirable results.

Ques. 8—Systematize= farm work, with a
view of obtaining desirable results.

Sug.-Decide what ou can best produce,
considering land, too s. teams, help and sur-
roundings. Arrange place of operation,
adopt some practical system and then follow

it as closely as circumstances and seasons
will admit. Thought and system properly
employed can be made a profitable substitute
for much of the hard work on the farm.
Diversified crops, mixed husbandry, may be
made profitable. Exchange thought and
experience upon these questions. so as to
profit by the educational advantages of the
Grange organization, and our influence will
be exerted for good in the community in
which welive and with those with whom
We are associated.

A Lawyer’s Trick.

A and B. are lawyers in Grand Rapids.
They don’t occupy whole flats for oflfices,
richly furnished. nor do they ride in their
own carriages, with liveried coachmen, or
anything of that kind- But they have keen
eyes for business all the same. Recently A.
bad a suit in ajustice court. and he happen-
ed to meet B., who had nothing to do and
volunteered to assist him as a mere favor on
the theory that two mutton heads are better
than one. The assistance was accepted, and
the parties to the suit were all gathered in
the justice court, when Lawyer B. sug-
gested to A. that he be allowed to hold a little
private counsel with the client in order that
he might gain some information of the case.
Of course there was no objection to this and
soon the client and the volunteer counsel had
their heads together. It was not informa-
tion so much as lucre that the lawyer was
after, and very soon the client had placed
$25 in his hands. B. then returned to A.
and excused himself for a few minutes,
stating that he wanted to go to his office
after some books. A few minutes after he
had gone, A. stepped up to his client and
stated to him that it was necessary to have
a. little money to grease the law wheels to
make them roll easily. The client was sur-
prised at the frequency of these demands
for money and looked astonished. He told
A. that he had just paid B. $25. Then there
were two surprised men in the room. B.
failed to return. and A. conducted the case
without a fee.—Grarzd Rapids Leader.

Corn Stalks and Straw for Fuel.

The smartest man I’ve met in Iowa is a
farmer near Fort Dodge. His name is Bill
Ruggles. He owns 9. 400 acre farm, a splen-
did dairy, a coal mine under his farm, and a
fine belt of hard timber within sight of his
house.

When I wentto Mr. Ruggles’ large sitting
room I noticed a very large stove. It was
the shape of a parallelopipedon——about four
feet long. three feet high, and the same
broad. It heated the sitting room and hall
very nicely.

“I see you burn wood, Mr. Ruggles?” I
remarked as I held my hands up to Warm.

“No. sir; can’t afford to burn wood; it’s
too much trouble to cut it.”

“ Then coal, I suppose?” I continued.

“No, sir; too much work to dig coal. I
am burning something that beats coal or
wood-cheaper than either of them, though
I have both coal and wood on the farm.”

“ Well. what can you burn cheaper than
Wood or coal?” I asked, desiring to solve the
puzzle.

“ Why, I burn cornstalks, sir. Cornstalks
are the best and cheapest fuel on earth. It
is ten times as easy to gather cornstalks and
tie them into bundles as it is to cut down
those trees. Why, I can go into the corn-
field with two men and in a day bundle up
cornstalks enough to warm my house all
winter long.” .

“ Let me see you put some cornstalks into
the stove,” I said.-

Mr. Ruggles stepped to the door and
brought in a bundle of cornstalks about
three feet through. They were bound
tightly together. The bundle weighed
about forty pounds. Then liftin the top of
the stove, he laid them in upon t e glowing
embers and closed up the front damper.

“How long will they burn ? ” I enquired.

“ Three hours. I don’t let them burn
with a flame. My stove closes air tight. I
get all the heat there is in them. The stove
is large, with an immense radiating service.
It doesn’t have to be very hot.”

“ Now,” said Mr. Ruggles, “ five such
bundles a day keep my sitting room warm
—or 600 bundles for the winter. I can bind
up 500 bundles of cornstalks in two days
alone. I could not chop the wood to warm
this room in a week. Then in the spring I
have a load of strong ashes for my wheat
fields, while my neighbors have to cut up
the same cornstalks in the spring to keep
them away from the harrow. It makes me
smile when I hear these idiots up in Minne-
sota who have 50 acre corn fields. and must
go cold or buy coal. Why, I’d rather burn
cornstalks than cut maple wood within
sight of the house.”

“ How would your wheat straw do?” I
asked.

“Just as well, although the stove would
have to be twice as large. I’d have it made
of 16th-inch boiler iron, four feet wide and
four feet high, with one little damper which
could be closed air ti ht.”

These stoves can e made of sheet iron.
Any tinner can make them. They should
be large, air-tight vats with little pipes, and
one little damper which could be closed air-
ti ht.

$1‘hese stoves can be made with sheet iron
over it. These stoves can be made ‘three-
cornered and set in a corner of a room out
of the way. To keep them from burning
the partition put a layer of mortar or a
row of brick between the stove and the
partitions, also have brick and mortar under
it. This thick brick and mortar will
serve as a reservoir of heat, and once hot
will remain for hours.

One man in Minnesota showed ‘me a stove
for burning straw which was built ofhbrick.
It was set into the side of the house so as to
warm two rooms, and was fed from a third
room which was the wood shed. Thus the
dirt, ashes, and strawfall litter up the wood
shed, while the clean heat came into the
house.

On each side of the stove, between the
stove and the partitions, were layers of
brick a foot thick, which acted as heat reser-
voirs.—-Eli Perkins.

CLEANING HAIR BRUSHES.-Put a tea-
spoonful of ammonia into a quart of soap-
suds. Shake the brush well in the suds,
drawing a coarse comb through the bristles
until perfectly clean. Rinse in clear water.
The water should not be hot, as the brush
wiill come apart, being put together with
g us.

The iron draw in the bridge at Albany is
opened in three minutes, 2,000,000 lbs.

I

H. H. II-AslrI'..oR—.O,
DOWAGIA C, M1CH.,

Will sell on receipt of postal Orders about 50
BUSHELS of the JUSTLY

Celebrated Burbank Potatoes,

at 81.75 FOR A SINGLE BUSHEL, or 6 bush-
els to one order for Nine Dollars, Sacks included.
Also about 8 Bushels of

BEAUTY OF HEBRONS,

AT TWO DOLLARS PER BUSHEL.
marl-3t.

PRIGEIIIIST or sorrms

Kept in the orifice or the Secretary of the
MICHIGAN STATE GRANGE,

And sent out Post Paid. on Receipt of Cash Order,
over the seal of a Subordinate Grange, and the
signature of its Master or Secretary.

Porcelain Ballot Marbles, per hundred,.. . . .. . .
Blank Book, ledger ruled, for Secretary to keep
accounts with members, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Blank Record Books, (Express paid), . . . . . . . . ..
Order Book, containing 100 Orders on the Treas-
urer, with stub, well bound, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Receipt Book, containing 100 Receipts from
Treasurer to Secretary, with stub, wellbound,
Blank Receipts for dues, per 100, bound, . . . . . . .
A plications for Membership, per 100,. . . . . . ... .
embership Cards, per 100, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Withdrawal Cards, per doz., . . . . . . .
Dimits, in envelopes, per doz.,
By-Laws of the State Grange, single copies 10c,
per doz.,
By-Laws, bound, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . ..
“ Glad Echoes,” with music, Single copy 15 cts.
per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Rituals, single copy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
“ er doz.,
“ for Fifth Degree, for Pomona Grangee,
per copy,_ . . . . . . . . . . .  .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Blank “Articles of Association" for the Incorpo-
ration of Subordinate Granges, with Copy of
Charter, all. complete, .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Notice to Delinquent Members, per 100, . . . . . . . .
Declaration of Purposes, per doz., 5c.; per
hundred, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
American Manual of Parliamentary Law.
II A

u H t u

76

0-
rocco Tuck,) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .
Address of J. J. Woodman before the Nation-
al Grange———per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Address of Thos. K. Beecher—per dozen . . . . . .
Digest of Laws and Rulings, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,

Address, J. T. COBB,
Snow Mien. S-rare Gannon,
SCHOOLCRAFT , MICH

MICHIGAN CENTRAL R- R-
DEPARTURE OF TR B‘ROM KALAMAZ00.
rnz1«;rAsLi:_:I1aY 9, 1330.

WESTWARD.

,A. M.;P. 11.
Accommodation leaves, ______________________ __ 4 50 _____ ,_

“ arrives ............................ --l 9 85
Local E‘ ,, _ 11 33'_-.___
Evening Express, ___________________________ _- I 35 ____ __
Pacific Express,-..---_-.--_ L 2 47‘;_____.
Mail 1
Day Express,___-_

Night Express, ________ _-
Accommodation leaves,-_
“ a.rrives,_.._
Mail
Day Express, ............................... --
New York Express,_
Atlantic Express,-__ -_
New York, Atlantic and Pacific Expresses and Local Passen-
ger daily. All other trains daily except Sunday.
H. B. Lsnvaso, Gen Manager, Detroit.
E. C. BROWN, Ass’t Gen. Supt., Jackson.
Ilraar C. Wssrwonrn, G. P. dz T. A., Chicago.

E.

KALAMAZ00 DIVISION TIME TABLE.
(Time 15 minutes faster than Kalamazoo.)
GOING SOUTH.

-N v & civv ii:"“‘
 ilhvtmfifi:-_& MW’ "'
-.-- 800nm; 450rn[ 5%“
E917 "1605 “ ‘ 810 "

u,

ITCFan"d RJt7idsT_-;;- 

st

Ar: Cleveland .................. -— 10 10 “
Ar. Buffalo _____________________ __ :1 55 All

GOING NORTH.

NY& B[N 1 JG
Ex & MExprsss.

-_-__L___1,,,.-. 

124-5PM1235AMi
735 " g 700 “ --
1 01 Al|l059 “g
3

110 ram

lWay Fr.

2

6

Ar. Three Rivers ____- - 6
Ar. Schoolcraft _____ 4 3
8

All trains connect at White Pigeon with trains on main line.
A. G. Anson,
Supt. Kalamazoo Division, Kalamazoo.

CHICAGO & GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY.
Corrected Time-Table—January 31, 1882.

WESTWARD.
Night

‘HI-Jay
Express.

Flint
. Express.
No. 6.

415 an

STATIONS.

3 E§°s"?-LE2-7%

E

s®©m~lOIOI>Fl\'3!\'>
8353832?

Ar. Pbrt Huron .__-__.-.1

All trains run by Chicago time.
Sunday.
Ones. B. Prior, 8. B. Osrmvnr.
Traffic Manager. -General Superintendent.

For information as to rates, apply to E. P. Xoary, local

O
S
"o"
2%

All trains daily except

Agent, Schoolcran, Mich.


i ;.m.:.c4=.«.-.--4-rs...-I.-:...x.:..:.................o.., . ,

4

can ensues vrstroa.

MARCH 15, 1882.

0112 Wang: ititer.

SCHOOLCRAFT, — — — MARCH 15.

iiiolilrs tiiirlmwl.

J.T.CoBn, - - - -

SCHOOLCRAFT.

Single copy, six months. ............ —— 25

Single copy, one year, —————————————— —— 50

Eleven copies. one year _—_——-——-——-——— 5 00

To ten trial subscribers for three months we
will send the VISITOR for .......... --$l 00
Sample copies free to any address.

Address, J. T. COBB, Schoolcraft, Mich.

PREMIUMS-——TIME EXTENDED—ANOTHER orrsn.

We offered some valuable premiums to
persons who should send us the largest
number of subscribers before the 1st of April.
grading the same and giving any person
who had sent us names an opportunity to
include those in their count.

It has occurred to us that town-meeting
day, April 3, some good work may be done
in securing subscribers, and we therefore ex-
tend the time to include that day.

Now, while there are not a great many
town-meeting days. there are a great many
places in Michigan where town meetings
will be held, and to induce some to take
hold of this canvassing business, not only
for the good of the Order, but for the in-
ducement we offer.

We now propose to give a lithograph of
the new State capitol at Lansing to each and
every person who sends us five subscribers
to the VISITOR for one year, qr their equiv-
alent in subscribers for six or three months:
$2.50 in new subscribers to the VISITOR for
any length of time will secure this engrav--
ing, which is on a sheet 22x28 inches. The
engraving will be sent by mail, post-paid.
To any person wanting sample copies we
will send them on receipt of application,
and shall be glad to do so. Friends of the
VISITOR who have not the time or inclina-
tion to engage in canvassing for the VISITOR
on town-meeting day, will do the Order
good service by getting this matter into the
hands of some one who will do work of
this kind.

KALAMAZ00 COUNTY FARMERS’ INSTITUTE.
OUR FARMERS’ GARDENS AND HIGHWAYS.

There are two papers on the inside of this
number both of which were read before the
Farmers’ Institute at Galesburg,February 1,
both of which were upon subjects of a prac-
tical character and of such importance that
we give them entire.

This Institute was the only meeting of the
kind that we found time to attend during
the winter and are therefore not able to
institute comparisons between it and others
of its class that have been held elsewhere
this year; but this meeting, when compared
with the first held in the county—and that
but a few short years ago—indicated a
growth, an improvement of the average
farmer that was most gratifying. The sev-
eral papers called for by the program were
able, and the discussions which followed
were earnest and were entered upon without
any of that hesitation and delay that used to
give such painful proof that farmers were
deficient in that schooling and training that
is absolutely necessary to secure and main-
tain the position in business affairs to which
the importance of their calling should give
them place. "

As we ran over the program we thought it
a good one, as the papers were all upon sub-
jects with which every farmer has more or
less to do, and generally less upon the one
assigned to Sister J. W. Strong, “ The
Farmer's Garden.” This paper is found
recorded on our sixth page, in the ladies’ de-
partment. If we supposed the farmers of
the sterner sex did not read the ladies’ de-
partment of the VISITOR, we should not
have allowed this most excellent paper to
have got into that company, but should have
given it place in the agricultural department,
on our flrst page. But the ladies’ depart-
ment is so uniformly good that we think -it
safe to assume that it is always read by every
farmer who takes this paper. If in this we
are mistaken, we invite all such as are in
the habit of neglecting this department to
read “ The Farmer’s Garden,” and if they
don’t see themselves as others see them,
they have better gardens than the average
Michigan farmer. Its reading should not
only stimulate some good resolutions, but
its well-said truths should show results in
thousands of vegetable gardens this very
year.

It takes a great deal of this kind of preach-
ing to produce a" complete reformation. In
fact it must be had like that we .get at
church, continuously, to be effective and
bring about greatresults. We should like
short, seasonable articles on this subject for
the next half-dozen numbers of the VISITOR:
Shall we have them?

We started out to abstract the very val-
uable paper of Mr. Miller, but as we
went over it we concluded that instead of
sewing up a part to our readers we would
recommend every one who either pays taxes,

works on, or travels in the highways should
read every word of the article twice. In
this whole matter of road improvement the
example of the shiftless farmer is followed
rather than that of the thrifty one.

This is a seasonable time of the year for
the presentation of this subject. The
wretched condition of much of the roadway
ofthe State is now apparent to every one
who goes ofl"his own premises, and proves
to the most careless observer that the indi-
vidual citizen is much less interdsted in
what concerns him only in common with
his neighbors than in his own afl"airs.

In the older settled portions of the State
it is high time that an effort be made to call
attention to this matter, and we are glad to
be able to present for the information of our
farmer friends some of the results of the last
Legislature, bearing upon this subject-
It strikes us that the amendments to the old
law are in the right direction, and that the
next thing to do is to arouse and fix public
attention upon this subject of improving our
highways. In a few days after the reading
of this paper by several thousand voters of
‘Michigan the annual town meeting for the
election of township officers will be held.
But just before that the caucuses of the sev-
eral political parties will have determined
that one oftwo or three citizens of the town-
ship shall discharge or rather hold the of-
fice of highway commissioner. Discharge
the duties is puttingit too strong altogether.
if the condition of the roads has any sort of
relation to those duties. Just now seems to
be an opportune time to make a few sugges-
tions. Is it not a fact that a man’s special
qualifications for this work are seldom
thought of at a nominating caucus. The lo-
cal politicians who arrange things seldom
think of the suitableness of a man for com-
missioner of highways. Anybody that has
a hankering for an olfice will do, and too
often, as far as the highways are concerned,
it does not matter which of the candidate
found on the tickets is elected.

Now this matter of roads, like your break-
fast, concerns each person, and as a rule the
people who live in the country more than
those who live in villages and cities, and the
difference in the condition of the roads over
which each voter will travel during the year
as between havinga competent oflicer and
an average highway commissioner will pay
the voter more than harvest wages for time
spent in attending the caucus of his rarty
for the sole purpose, if no other,of getting the
right man nominated to the office of high-
way commissioner.

_ Then, there are the overseers of the several
road districts of the township that the blind
statutes seem to expect will exercise some
sort of paternal care and supervision over
the roads within the territory assigned
them. To use. weak point in the applica-
tion oflaws relating to this highway busi-
ness has been,that so many men were charg-
ed with their execution. We have too
many road districts and too many overseers
of highways. With the custom of passing
the ofiice around a large proportion of these
oflicers are of no sort of use. They have not
given the subject of road making any
thought, and what labor they get applied to
the roads of their district is largely misap-
plied in time, place, or manner From the
manner in which labor is expended we have
sometimes thought an average overseer of
highways had never learned that it is dirt
and water that makes Inud, as so little effort
is made to induce the water to escape from
the traveled part of the highway.

N ow the common selfishness that seeks
our own good demands that in the selection
of overseers that we make a personal effort
tohave some one elected to engage in the
work with earnestness and intelligence, and
we should elect and re-elect the most compe-
tent men for commissioners and overseers
whether they are on our party,ticket or not.
It devolves on the men most solicitous to
improve the roads of the township to step
forward, and, impelled by an entirely differ-
ent motive from the politician who tele-
graphs from inner circles at 10 o’clock, P.
M. to the county seat that “ We have elected
the entire ticket and every pathmaster," to
do some work to awaken the voters to the
advantages that must come to them by hav-
ing competent men to manage the business
of road making and repairing.

The exercise ofalittle good sound sense
will not permit the setting aside of a good
sound man adapted to the work because he
is not on your party ticket. That sort‘ of

'work is only justifiable in small boys and

congressmen; practical business men should
ignore it altogether.

SANITATION.

Number 14 of volume 5 of the lSa:2«’fn-';y
Engineer has been sent us for examination.
From its own statement of its purpose--“Its
aim is to enlighten the public concerning
public health, house drainage, water supply,
sewerage, ventilation, heating and light-
ing.”

That the farmers of this country, and it is
quite safe to say every other pursuit need
information upon each of these several sub-
jects needs no argument. In the flrst place
science has not yet made clear all the essen-
tial facts upon each of these several subjects
with that unerring accuracy that pertains to
mathematics. But many facts have been
developed as well as many theories present-

ed that are known to the comparative few,

and not to the many, and we understand it
to be the purpose of this paperto dissemi-
nate knowledge among the people on these
subjects. If this point is kept in view it
has entered an immense field where are un-
restricted opportunities to instruct its read-
ers. We boast much of our civilization, but
upon these subjects that so largely concern
our every day life what we don’t know is
the largest volume.

STATISTICAL FACTS WHICH INVITE CONSIDERA-
TION.

We desire to call the attention of our
readers to the truths so forcibly stated in
this brief extract. The facts recited are
known to observing men in city and
country. The Grange movement is intend-
ed to obviate some of the evils complained
of and deplored by the good everywhere.
It is hoped through its means that the
current may, to some extent, be changed,
that by furnishing opportunities for culture
and enjoyment the young may find more
inducements to remain on the farm. We
hope too that it will occupy this broad edu-
cational field and develop a higher and
nobler manhood and womanhood amongst
ourselves. The very best interests of the
Republic demand this at our hands.

From the Census Bulletin.

Cities. County. State. 1880.

New York . . . . . . .New York . . . . . .N. Y
Philadelphia. . . . .Philadelphia . .
Brooklyn . . . . . . ..Kings.... 

Chicago . . . . . . . . .Cook . . .

Boston . . . . . . . . . . Suffolk . .

St. Louis . . . . . . . . St Louis.

Baltimore . . . . . . . .BaltImore .

Cincinnati . . . . . . .Hami«ton . . . . . .
San Francisco. . . . San Francisco . . .

. 13423170

503,185
362,839
350,518
332313
. 255.139
233,929
216,690
160,146
. 156,389
. 155.134
147,293
136.508
123.758
120,722
116.340
1 15,587
104,837
90.758
89.366
78.682
75,056
63,600
62.88‘!
59,475’
58.291
56.747
55.785
52.669
51,792
-“ 1.647
61.013
50.378
49.191
48 961
46.887
45,850
43 350
43.278
42,478
42.015
41.659
41,473
39,150
35.678
38 274
37.409
35,629
34,555
333.914
33.810
33.592
33.340
32,600
' 32.431
32,016
30 990
30,762
30 737
30.709
30.518
29.910
29,720
29 280
29,250
29 13!
28.229
27.737
27,643
27 563
27.268
26.880
26 845
26,042
25,769
24,933
23.330
22.408
22.251
22.248
21.966
21.924
21.915
21,891
21.832
21 782
21.656
21,420
21,213
21.116
20.766
20.730
20.693
20.550
20.541
20 433
20.207
19,743

Milwaukee . . . . . .Wis. .. . .

Providence . . . . . .R. I. .. . .

Albany . . . . . . . . ..N.Y....

Monroe . . . . . . . ..N. Y....

Alleghany . .Allegheny . . . . . . .Penn . .

lndianapolx . . .Mar1on . . . . . . . . . .Ind .. . . .

Richmond . . . . . . . Henrico . . . . . . . . .Va . . . . . .
New Haven. . . . .Ncw Haven. .. . .Conn . . .
Lowel1...........Middlesex . . . . . ..Mass....

Worcester . . . . . . . Worcester . . . . . . . Mass . . . .

Troy . . . . . . . . . . . .Rensselaer . . . . . . .N. Y . . . .

Kansas City . . . . Jackson . . . . . . . . .Mo . . . . .

Cambridge . . . . . . .MiLld1esex . . . . . . .Mass .. . _

Syracuse . . . . . . . . .Onondaga . . . . . . .N. Y. . . .

Columbus . . . . . . ..Frauklin . . . . . . . . Ohio . . . .

Paterson . . . . . . . . Passaic . . . . . . . . . . N. J. . . .

Toledo . . . . . . . . . . Lucas . . . . . . .Ohio .. . .

Charleston . . . . . .Charleston . . . . . . S. C .. . .

Fall River . . . . . . .Bristol . . . . . . . . .Mass .. . .

Minneapolis . . . . . .Hennepin . . . . . . .Minn . . .

Scranton . . . . . . . . .Lackawana . . . . . .I’eun . . .

Nashville . . . . . . . . Davidson . . . . . . . .Tenn . . .

Reading . . . . . . . . .Berks . . . . . . . . . . .Penn. . . .

Wilmington .. . . .New Castle . . . . . .Del . . . . .

Hartford . . . . . . . . . Hartford . . . . . . . .Conn . . .

Camden . . . . . . . . .Camden . . . . . . . . .N J. . . .

St. Paul . . . . . . . . [flan sey . . . . . . . . .Minn . . .

Lawrence . . . . . . ..E-‘sex . . . . . . . . . . .Mass . . . .

Dayton . . . . .. ....l\Iontgomery.....

Lynn............Essex . . . . . . . . ..

Atlanta . . . . . . . . . .FuIton . . . . . . . . . .

Deliver . . . . . . . . . . Arapahoe . . . . . . . .

Oakland .- . . . . . . . . Alameda . . . . . . . .

Utica . . . . . . . . . . . . Oneida . . . . . . . . . .

Portland . . . . . . . . Cumberland . . . . .

Memphis . . . . . . . . Shelby . . . . . . . . . .

Springfield . . . . . . .Hampden . . . . . . .

Manchester . . . . . . Hillsborough . . . .

St. Joseph . . . . . . . Buchanan . . . . . . .

Grand Rapids... .Kent . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hoboken . . . . . . . .Hudson . . . . . . . . .

Harrisburg . . . . . . _Dauphin . . . . . . . .

Wheeling . . . . . . . . Ohio . . . . . . . . .. . .

Savannah . . . . . .. Chathnm . . . . . . . .

Omaha . . . . . . . . . .Douglass . . . . . . . .

Trenton . . . . . . . . .Mercer . . . . . . . . . . N J

Covington . . . . . . . Kenton . . . . . . . . . .

Evansville . . . . . . .Va.I-iderburg

Peoria . . . . . . . . . .PeoI'ia . . . . . . . . . . .

Mobile . . . . . . . . . . . Mobile . . . . . . . . . . . '

Elizabeth . . . . . . ..Uniou.. ..  '

Erie . . . . . . . . . . . . .Erie . . . . . . . . . . . . . -
Bridgeport . . . . . . .Fairfield. . . . . . . . .
Salem . . . . . . . . . .Essex . . . . . . . . . . .

Quincy . . . . . . . . . . Adams . . . . . . . . . .11

Fort Wayne. .. . . Allen . . . . . . . . . . . .

New Bedford. . . .Bristol . . . . . . . . . .

Terre Haute . . . . .Vigo . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lancaster .. . . . . . Lancaster . . . . . . .

Somerville . . . . . . .Middlesex . . . . . . .

Wilkesbarre . . . . .Luzerne . . . . . . . . .

Des Moines . . . . . .Polk . . . . . . . . . . .

Dubuque . . . . . . . .Dubuque . . . . . . . .

Galveston . . . . . . . .Galvcstou . . . . . . .

Norfolk . . . . . . . . . .No1-folk . . . . . . . . .V

Auburn . . . . . . . . . .Cayuga . . . . . . . . . .

Holyoke . . . . . . . . .Hampden . . . . . . . .

Augusta . . . . . . . . .Iiichmon(1 . . . . . . .

Davenport . . . . . . .Scott . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chelsea . . . . . . . . . . Suffolk . . . . . . . . . .

Petersburg . . . . . . .Dinwiddie . . . . . . .V

Sacramento . . . . . .

Clinton . . . . . . . . . .
Oswego

Salt Lake City. . .
Springfield. . .. . .
Bay City . . . . . . . .
San Antonio . . . . .
Elmira . . . . . . . . . .

Rochester .

Poughkcepsie .
Springfield. .

From the Cincinnati Gazette.

The Census Bulletin gives the population
of the 100 principal cities of _the United
States in 1870 and 1880, which is a very In-
teresting exhibit. The total Increase In
population 111 the decade was, In round
numbers. 12 000,000, and of this 2,396,228
was in the _100 cities specltied. The total
population 111 _1880 was 50,100,000; of_th1s
9098154 was in the 100 principal cities.
Thus we have almost 20 per cent of the
entire popoulatlon in cities having 20,000
inhabitants and upward. ,When it is con-
sidered that the wealth _of a nation rests
upon its mineral and agricultural products
chiefly, the census figures, showing the dis-
tribution of population, are startling. A
large proportion of the city pppulation is en-
gaggdénuxéafrious indutstrles, “I111; lth; whofloihig

e n e or suppor upon e a orso
tilllers of the soil. and it is probably within
bounds to say that not over 33 per cent. of
the population are engaged in agricultural
pursuits. _Yet the latter constitute the life
of the nation. Strike them out and the na-
tion would die. but strike out those who are
crowded into the cities and the nation would
still live. Yet, in the face of these facts, the
tendency is to cities and from the country.
This is particularly true of young men. The

disposition is to get away from farm life,

and this accounts for the greater proportion-
ate increase of the population of cities as
compared with that of the country. As it is
there are too many people in the cities and
a deficiency of muscle in the country.

It is also to be remarked that nine-tenths
of the poverty and crime of the nation are
in the cities. and it was upon this phase, no
doubt, the remark was founded that God
made the country and man the city.

If it were possible to change the current,
and within the decade show a greater pro-
portionate increase in the country than in
the city, society would be better and the
whole country would be better. There is a
field in this direction for educational work
that is broad and inviting.

__’__________________
CONGRESS AND THE PATENT LAW.

Our attention hasjust been called to the
action of the State Grange at its late session
upon the following resolution offered by
Bro. T. R. Harrison, of Van Buren county
which was referred to the committee on
publication.

Resolved, That the State Grange declare
through the columns ol the GRANGE VIS-
ITOR, that if their representatives in con-
gress do ‘not during their present session
take action to relieve the innocent pur-
chaser and make the manufacturer and
vendors alone responsible for the infringe-
ment of patents that they declare upon
their sacred honor as patrons that they will
never support these men again for ofilce and
that we will vote for no man hereafter that
shall not publicly declare himself in favor
of such amendments.

The resolution was adopted.

We find this resolution, page 76 of Proceed-
ings ‘of State Grange and are greatly obliged
to our friends for calling our attention to it.

We need not add that we most cordially
endorse this resolution, and as this subject
of voting with an intelligent " purpose to
reach so far as possible results that lie in
the direction of the interest of the voter, is
fairly raised, we deem it an opportune time
to republish a resolution adopted by the Na-
tional Grange at its session in November
last. It is found in the report of the com-
mittee on agriculture and is worthy of that
distinguished body of Patrons to whom is
committed the work of general legislation
for the Order.

With the amount of matter already up
for this number we have not room for the
whole of the report of the committee and
can only give a paragraph or two in connec
tion with the resolution.

"Recognizing as we do the origin of artiti- ,_
cial hardships placed on agriculture in the

indifference of farmers to their civil duties
which cannot be deputed to others without
certain harm, and recognizing, also, corrupt
party usages as the outgrowth of such neg-
lect, we, as the representatives of that call-
ing which enlists the greatest number of
laborers, do solemnly declare ourselves ab-
solved from all allegiance to whatever po-
litical party does not invite support by Wis

dom of purpose and purity of method, and
we declare our unalterable purpose to man-
ifest our independence by refusing our votes
to all candidates claiming them when such
candidates do not exhibit fitness in known
integrity, capability for the discharge of du-
ties designated, and full sympathy with the
principles herein enumerated.

As an expression of this determination
we submit the following declaration, and in-
vite thereto careful consideration from all
good citizens of whatever calling or profes-
sionz

Resolved, That this National Grange, rep
resenting a membership spread over the
entire Union, will exert all its force, with
uniiagging zeal and persistent purpose to
encourage independent political action, to
the end that dangers lurking in partisan
management of public affairs may be elim-
inated; that corrupt party strife may incur
the odium it deserves; that the elective
franchise in its exercise may become the
true expression of the desire of the citizen ;
that the useful industries of all our people in
every calling may receive just considera-
tion; that intelligence, capability, and
worth may become the recognized qualifica-
tions for persons designated to official
trusts; that money shall cease to be a po-
tent factor in determiningmominations and
elections to oflice; and that the government
may return to that simplicity that befits a
frugal, industrious people.

But this pledge we solemnly declare our
purpose to abide steadfast and resolute, and
with good will and unselfish desire, we ask
the workers of every other calling or indus-
try to join us in earnest effort to attain the
objects named.

DELINQUENT GRANGES.

We have put the list of Granges, with the
names of Masters, Lecturers and Secre-
taries, in the hands of the printer. From
the following Granges, by number, we have
received no report of these officers for the
current year. If such report is sent within
a few days. it may not be too late to find a
place in the printed list. We hope to hear
from these, or some of them, at once.

6, 31. 36. 57. 63, 91, 102, 112, 114,118,126,
128, 130, 134, 159, 176, 189, 224, 241. 255, 286,
292, 301, 326, 331, 335, 340, 381, 385, 396. 401,
422, 431, 440, 462, 469, 470, 471, 487, 492, 523,
574, 602, 603, 621, 922, 629, 636.

WE find on our table a copy of the Origi-
nal Chatterbox, published by Estes & Lauri
at, Boston. This is a monthly of 32 pages,
and, as its name implies, is intended for
children and youth. With its numerous
picture illustrations and pleasant stories it
seems well adapted to interest the class for
whom it is intended. Subscription price $1
per year.

A chance to get a fine lithograph of the
State Capitol for a little work —— April_ 3d,
at town meeting is the time to do the work.
Forward the names of five new subscribers
to the Vrsrron with the money and the en-
graving will be returned by mail.

VISITOR RECEIPTS (CONTINUED).

_ FEBRUARY.
2o—S B Ceady. $3.00; Martin O’dell, 1.50;
H Rowe, 1.00.

26—Eliza Moore $6 90; J T Beckwith, 2.50
M E King, 190; A L Benedict. 1 50; W
C Howell. 100; Mrs D Eddy, 1.85; John
Ranney, 1.00.

27-J C JOI'd0i1. $5.00; Abbie Olds, 3.00; Ca-

‘ . 1.00; JJ Hendershott. 1 00;

015; E Howe, 1.10; J H Da-
vis, 10.35; R F Taber. 5.50,
MARCH.

1—A A King. $5.00; Warren Haven, 2.00-
J F Muir, $2 .50; G W Van Aken. 220- F‘
A Ball. 3 00; D J Devoe, 1.00; S GB:-own
Jr , 1.90; C F Howe, 4 00; G Snyder, 1,00:

2—S Gibson, $100; C V Nash, 100; M N
Corwin, 1.00; G Mclntosh, 1.20; E [-1 Ban.
croft, 2.00; Samuel Morey, 1.00; Chas But.
trick. Jr., 1.00.

8-H N Bowman, 1.00; J Woodhull,
Flora Pratt, 3.50; A Mench, 1.00; H
drews 2 00.

4-0 L Holton, $3.10; D S Gardner, 7.50; M
VB Williams, 2.00; L L Carleton. 1.50.

6 -0 H P Sheldon, $1.50; T M Sheriff, -1_00.
Mary'Yauney, 1.00. '

7-—L G Hunt. 3151 00;

1.50;
An-

B Helmick 1.00; J F

Rohbius.1.80; J V Armstrong, 1.50 N E
Sutton, 2.50; Peter Hewitt, 1.00.

8-—S O Smith, 531 00; C T Caruss, 1.00; J V
Armstrong, 1.00; E Cuthbert, 1.20; M
Buell, 3 00; VVm Barker, 1.00; S P Albert-
son. 1.00; A L Davis, 3 00.

9-‘-N T Bradner, $1.00; Cyrus Mead, 9.50; E
Taylor. 1.00.

11—H M Hillyard. $8.75; VV White, 1.00-
Jas I-Imnphrey, 310; J J Hendershott:
1 00; W C Howell, :2 00; Geo Alpine, 1.00;
Jas Felker, 1.00; A H Rice, 4.00.

13—Mrs D Eddy, 81.10; P A Wood, 1.00.

As Bro. Gideon Hebron whose most ex-
cellent article on stock raising appeared in
a late number of the VISITOR has kindly
volunteered to furnish the copy we give
space in this number for another free
advertisement forD M. Ferry dr. Co. We
have received a letter from an Allegan
Co. seedsman and will give it next number.

LOREN DAY writes that Patrons should
remember that to insure their getting

plaster the seal of the Grange should be af-
fixed to their orders.

The Patent-Right Bill as Amended.

A billtoamend Sections 4884 and 4919 of
the Revised Statutes relating to patents.

BE IT ENACTED by the Senate and
House of Representives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled,
that Section 4884 of the Revised Statutes
of 1878, and Section 4919 be and the same
are hereby amended to read as follows :-

[A Copy of Section 4884 with the word
“ use” after “ make ” in sixth line left out.]

Every patent shall contain a short title or
description of the invention or discovery.
correctly indicating its nature or design,
and a grant to the pateutee, 1'11-I heirs or as-
signs for the term of seventeen years of the
exclusive right to make and vend the in-
ventlon or discovery throughout the United
States and the territories thereof, referring
to the specifications for the particulars
thereof. A copy of the specifications and
drawings shall be annexed to the patent and
be a part thereof.

* Section -i9l9.—Damages for the infringe-
ment of any patent may be recovered by
action on the case, in the name of the party
interested, either as patentee, assignee, or
grantee, and whenever in any such action A
verdict is rendered for the plaintiff the .
court may enter judgment thereon for any
sum above the amount found by the verdict
as the actual damage sustained, according to
the circumstances of the case, not exceeding
three times the amount of such verdict to-
gether with the ‘costs; provided, that no
judgment at law or decree in equity shall be
rendered or entered against a defendant for
either damages or costs for the using of any
patented article, when it shall appear on the
trial that the defendant purchased or receiv-
ed the same in good faith without actual
personal knowledge that the maker or ven-
dor had not obtained the lawful right to
make and use, or vend the same for use,
proof of which may be given in evidence
under the plea of the general issue.

*This Section down to the proviso is an
exact copy of Section 4919 and of all the Sec-
tion.

The Tax Law--Potatoes.
DOWAGIAC, March 11, 1882.

Mr. Cobb .-—Please publish the ayes and
noes on the amendment offered to the tax
law making the oath peremptory in all
cases; real estate owners want the names
of members who voted against it, in view of
the fact that the stringent Vermont law re-
quiring the oath in all cases, brought out
an increase of assessable personal property
of more than two-thirds in a single year,
which would be the result in this State with
a peremptory, instead of discretionary oath.
Are the members who opposed the amend-
ment directly interested in covering up
their property? If not why do they ignore
the demands ofjustice, and of nine-tenths
of the tax-payers on real estate?

I’. S.—The Burbank potatoes I offer for
sale are assorted, and all sizable fbr table
use. Have some small culls I will sell for
$1.00 per bushel, if wanted. —

H. H. TAYLOR.

WHITE MOUNTAINS EXGURSIONS.

In the Detroit Evening News of /March 3. 8-11 ad-
vance announcement is made of the sixth season of
excursions " From Detroit to the Sea.” They will
be three in number, and will leave Detroit on the
mornings of July 5, 20 and 27, and tickets will be
good to return any time before Sept. 4. The route
is to be via the Grand Trunk railroad and St. Law-
relnce River steamers, through the Thousand Island:
and famous Rapids to Montreal, thence to the White
Mountains and sea shore at Portland, Maine (near
Boston). On the return trip Quebec, Niagara Falls
and Buffalo are to be included. making altogether a
trip of over 2,000 miles for 820. Each of tho excur-
eions will be conducted by W. H. Brearley, who has
taken seven parties over the same route in former
years and who last year successfully managed three
excursions. The trains are “special” trains of
Pullman Palace cars, and upon a St. Lawrence
Biver a special steamer will be. used. A handsome
guide-book. giving full descriptions and illustrations
of this route, may be obtained for 30 cents by writ-
ing to Mr. Brearley, oflice of Detroit Evening Nam.
Over 40 maps have been engraved for this edition,
and the title page is an exact co y, in colors, of an
oil plintin of Glen EIIis_ Fa is, near the (slim
House, in ewhits Mountains.

 ,.-_,. -.31,   -. ,  .


MARCH 15, 1882.

dlummlmitatimtaa.

Patent Law Amendment.

Bro. Cobb .-—In your issue of the first of
March, I notice an article by’J. J. Wood-
man on “Patent Laws" and as the aforesaid
article does not fully meet the dilflculty in
relation to the trouble which farmers have
to contend with in their dealings with “Pat-
ent Right sharks, allow me to point out
some of the changes in our patent laws that
I think ought to be made for the benefit of
all parties desirous of using improved ma-
chinery. That the patentee has such a
property right in his invention as is given
by law there can be no doubt (see paragraph
8 section 8 of article one of the constitution
of the United States and the remedy for
any infringment of said right is also given
by law and is such only as the law by its
terms gives. One of the most objectionable
features of the law as it now exists is the
fact that the patentee may stand silently by
and see the article placed upon the market
and freely sold to innocent purchasers and
when it has got into general use then claims

aroyalty of the user and also requires the
manufacturer to account to him for all arti

cles manufactured thus securing a double
royalty. To remedy these defects I would
suggest that the law be so amended that no
action shall be maintained against the user
of a patented article either by way of royal-
ty or damages for infringement where the
article used has been on sale in the open mar-

ket for a period of two years. This would

makethe patentee vigilant in claiming his
rights and the purchaser would feel safe
when he knew that unless the action was
brought promptly he would not be exposed

-‘to prosecution in a court far removed from

his home. I would have the law so amend-
ed that he would not be liable for even the
two year's use unless the aciion for dam-
ages was brought within two years of the
time when the article was first on sale in
the open market and I would make it a per-
fect defence to any suit against the user that
a suit calling for an account of goods manu-
factured and sold had been brought against
the manufacturer to recover for the same ar-
ticle, and would allow the manufacturer to
show in mitigation of damages that damage
had been recovered or suit pending therefor
against the user of the manufactured article
leaving the patentee only one chance to
recover damages by way of royalty and then
only against the manufacturer after the arti-
cle had been publicly on the market for
two years. I would also amend the law as
to costs recoverable and uniess the patentee
recovered damages of fifty dollars that he
recover no more costs than damages, and
that unless his damages exceeded five dol

lars that he should pay the costs when the
defendant was a user, and had purchased in
the open market paying full value therefor.
I would also limit the damages recoverable
against the user of a patented article to five
per cent of the retail price of the article in
the open market thus doing away with all
kinds of speculative damages as often shown
by professional and standing witnesses. By
professional witnesses I mean such as pat

entees keep in training for that express pur-
pose. Five per cent of the retail price is a
liberal royalty and more than they ought to
have but such a provision would stop all
small suits against purchasers for use of
patented articles, and especially so if the
above provisions as to costs were in the law.

Suppose a person were sued for using a
patented article under such a law as Mr.
Woodman proposes, what would the courts
tell him was “full knowledge that the same
was an infringement?” He would be told
that every patent with all its specifications
was amatter of public record of which he
was bound at his peril to take notice, and
also that he was bound to put himself on
inquiry as to the vendor’s right to sell the
article, and if he failed in either respect he
must suffer the consequence of his indiscre-
tion. As all the rights the patentee has
comes from the statute it is perfectly com-
petent for congress to so form the law as to
protect purchasers, and at the same time se-
cure the patentee in the enjoyment of all
his property rights, and a limitation to his
right to maintain an action for infringe-
ment is no greater hardship than a limita-
to a right of action in any other case. And
he should not be allowed to bring suits
where the damages recoverable must be
small. just to harass and vex a purchaser or
extort from him a heavy royalty to save the
expense of a suit in a distant court.

I think such an amendment to the patent
law as I have st-iiggcsteri would be fair to all
parties, and would afford a reasonable pro-
tection to purchasers.

THOMAS J ._ HILLER.

Hudson, Mich., March 9. 1882.

THE anti-monopolists have gained ade-

cided victory in New York state, by theelec- .

tion of their candidate, A. B. Baucus, in the

' Schenectady district to fill the vacancy cre-

ated by the death of Senator Wagner, who
was a thorough monopolist and practically
owned by the New York Central Rairoad.
The opposing candidate was a brother of
Leland Stanford, the railroad tyrant of Cal-
ifornia. The anti-monopoiy league have is-
sued an address congratulating their friends
and the public on the election, and urging
them to take fresh courage ‘and follow up
their victory at the elections next Autumn.

can canines metros.

Reviewer Reviewed.

Bro. Oobb.-———On the fifth page of the
VISITOR of Feb. 1, under the title of “ Re-
viewed,” there is a very good article signed,
“ Kent Co.” I endorse every word of his
article except two or three mistakes which,
with your permission, I will now point out.
It is fortunate that mistakes are not crimes,
otherwise we would find ourselves all crimi-
nals sooner or later.

The brother says : " There are two leading
articles on the second page of the VISITOR of
Jan. 15 that will arrest the attention of the
thoughtful reader. The tendency of both
articles is alike. The adoption of all of the
suggestions made by either or both of the
writers would weaken if not eventually de-
stroy the Grange.” The articles referred to
were on the third, not the second page but
that is nothing. Perhaps the tendency of
Mr. Campbeli’s article is “ alike,” I rather
think itis, but theother isn’t, so Kent Co.
surely made a mistake when he said “ both”
are alike. '

The article reviewed entitled, “ Liberty or
Slavery,” containsa good deal of talk, but
only two suggestions. The first is a quota-
tion from Master Woodman, to the effect
that farmers, mechanics, laborers and busi-
ness men should “jine drives" and vote to-
gether to secure theirjust rights and to pro
mote the welfare of all the people. The
second suggests that the people should name
their organization, viz : Anti Monopoly.

This is the peoples’ movement, and I sup-
pose Patrons are a part of the people, but the
article reviewed never thought of calling
on Patrons exclusively to institute an anti-
monopoly party, much less the Grange in
its official capacity. If the people should
take it into their heads to act on Bro. Wood-
man’s suggestion, or on their own sugges'
tions, pray tell us Bro. Kent how it would
weaken or destroy the Grange. The brother
says, “ This organizing a new party by the
Grange or through its agency is one of the
things we solemnly promised one to each
other we would not do.” Correct brother,
and the Grange as solemnly promises not to
interfere with the political rights of any of
its individual members, and among these
rights is the right to free expression on all
proper occasions, for I cannot believe as
some have supposed, that the Grange ever
intended to forbid freedom of speech.

Kind and considerate parents instruct
their little boy to abstain from whistling in
prayer time and school hours, and he yields
cheerfulobedience. because he sees the rea-
sonableness of the requirement, but if any
man or set of men should tell him he must
never whistle he would not obey, unless he
was an innocent, who. does not know nor
care to know his rights. There is absolute
ly no difference between Oakland Co. and
Kent Co. in regard to the violation of obliga
tion that would be involved in transform-
ing the Grange into a political machine.
And very likely we would agree that it
would not be best to monopolize the time of
our regular meetings in long harangues on
anti-monopoly. It never has been done in
Grange No. 267, though it is not forbidden;
the time can be more agreeably spent in the
transacting of the regular busines to be fol-
lowed with music and intellectual exercises
which are pleasing to all, especially to the
women and the young folks.

Everybody knows that for a Patron to keep
posted in regard to the principles, positions
and doings of the Anti-monopoly League
of New York involves no violation of his
obligation. But suppose the League should
suddenly become a political organization
would Patrons think that ignorance in re-
gard to the League and its principles was a
duty imposed on them by their Grange
obligations ? Would they think that ignor-
ance in regard to the parties‘ that favored
monopoly was also obligatory? If so, then
we would have to admit that there was
ground for the criticism of our critic who
has said, "The trouble withthe Granger is.
hechasesamonopoly till it hides behind
politics and then he will call of!‘ his dog."
Patrons might reply that there is so much
selfish scheming among politicians that it
would be a waste of precious time to try to
investigate them. The same remark would
apply equally well to leagues. The objects
and purposes of the league are commendable
and they have not been withheld from us
merely, because Tamminy’s love for the
League is inspired by a desire to spite Sam-
uel J. Tilden.

It is'claimed that Patrons are better in-
formed on general subjects than an equal
number of other intelligent people. I think
an exception will have to be made to this
claim, and I think the reason that Patrons
are not better informed than other people
upon politics, is that many have supposed
that the promise not to bias the political
opinions of a brother or sister of the Order
implies that they will studiously withhold
light and knowlege on the subject.

Bro. C. E. Mickley last fall gave a rousing
address at Orchard Lake on anti-monopoly
and then said, "you will not find any such
talk in any of your political papers.” At
that time there were men _in the audience
who had political papers filled from begin-
ning to end with just such talk. It could
not have been intenti )I19.l, it must have
been through ignorance or inadvertance that
this good brother fell into so great an error.

Some say that politics is distasteful to
them and they will have nothing to do with

it. They said so twentyfive years ago, but
soon found that politicians would have
something to do with them. Then the low
mutterings of therebellion were heard, and
people said, “ It is only a little gasconade
and afew threats," and even after the re-
bellion broke out Wm. H. Seward said it
could be put down in sixty days.

Now the low mutterings of a new rebel-
lion begin to be heard, and some of them
are getting loud, but ninty-nine out of every
hundred are “ dead asleep" and cannot
hear. Senator Sharon says that rivers of
blood shall flow before capital and corpora
tions, the power that he represents, shall
relinquish the advantage which it now has.
Surely, thi- is not the “ rose of Sharon ” nor
the “lily of the valley," but whether he is a
rose or a thorn, he is authorized by his em-
ployers so to speak, and “ we, the people,”
are authorizing nobody to speak in any
other way. If we, the people delay the con-
sideration of this subject till the war begins
the enemy's money will have power to dra
goon more than half of us into the service,
and the rebellion will not be put down in
sixty days-—probably not in sixty years. If
the people only could be aroused this incipi
ent rebellion might see who are the rightful
rulers of America, and a threatened war
with all its horrors _ might be averted.
America enjoys the proud distinction of be-
ing the only nation on earth that ever de-
creed that “ The negro has no right that the
white man is bound to respect,” will she
add this other decree, the individual has no
rights that the corporation is bound to re-
spect ?

Ata Grange picnic in 1875 at Orchard
Lake two Patrons told what they thought
was the cause of the hard times. One
thought it was over-production of farm pro-
duction that caused the low prices. The
other thought it was owing to so many
farmers abandoning their occupation and
trying other pursuits; setting up so many
peanut stands, and when they failed in that
they took to tramping. They agreed that
we must have more stringent tramp laws.

If the recommendation of the President
should be adopted, viz , to demonetize silver
and the silver certificates and to makeillegal
the legal tenders weshould havea repetition
of the hard times of 1875. and again we
would hear the over-production and peanut
songs, and I should say to a brother Patron
that the hard times had been caused by bad
legislation I should expect to be answered
by a look that would :say more plainly
than words Beware, beware brotheror you
will violate your Grange obligation. Pray,
do not ride that poor little hobby ofyours to
death. Come, come along with the rest of
us and take aswing on the slide gate, or a
drive at the driven well.

The hobbiest is necessarially somewhat
disagreeable, but a little reflection and a
little of the “ gift to see ourselves as others
see us," are the best remedies for the fault-.
Some hobbyists are not inspired with the
insanely selfish desire to go thundering
down the ages, but they simply respond in
every fibre of their being to the divine com-
mand, “Remember them that are in
bonds, as being bound with them.” Though
he was a hobbyist the good and the lowly
will forever love and honor ,William Lloyd
Garrison.

One correspondent of the VISITOR has
said, “ We did not elect our farmer {govern-
or, but we stuck to party.” For one, I had
much rather we never should elect a farmer
governor, nora farmer anything else than
that he should be elected through bias or by
an edict from the Grange. Kent Co. says,

. “ The able Master oflthe Ohio State Grange

was recently elected to the Ohio State Sen ate,
he has introduced a bill, etc.” That bill
necessitates the creation of two or three new
State ofiicers, and since similar plans have
been tried in other States and have not
proved a success. I fear it will not in Ohio.
‘PATRON.
Farmington, March 1, 1882.

National Bureau Lectures.

Having heard three lectures delivered in
this county by members of the Bureau,
under the auspices of Wayne Pomona
Grange, No. 8, I feel free to say that they
are doing a great work in behalf of Grange
interests, and in awakening farmers to an
appreciation of their present position, their
needs and possibilities.

As Bro. Brighton has ably reported Bro.
Franklin’s lecture at Willow Grange, I will
pass to Sister Bristol's at Redford Feb. 14.
Alarge audience gathered in McIntyre’s
hall despite the mud and darknessmgnd she
came before them—the poet and philosopher,
the lady of culture and the sister—and
grasped the horny hand of toil‘ with her
firm, tender grasp, claiming brotherhood
with the lowliest tiller of the soil, the hum-
blest laborer who wins his bread by the
sweat of his brow, and bade him come up
with her toa broader, higher plane, and
stand by her side and work with her for
rights that were being wrested from them.
She told them there was no calling more
honorable than the farmer’s nothing more
ennobling than labor; and she called on
them to prove this to the world by their
works and their lives; to show that, though
their han ds were hard and knotted with toil,
they were true; that,: though their brows
were sunburnt, that they were manly; that
they were noble of life and honorable

of purpose; that by being independent the
farmer's life was elevating, and she asked
all to rise to noble rank ; that from it sprang
the best men of the nation; that the boy
who began life at the foot of the ladder and
mounted step by step, was far surer to gain
the top and remain there than he who
should begin at the top, showing that the
country and not the city boy was most
happy in condition. She testified by her
presence to the beauty and loveliness of cul
ture, and that of itself it strengthens man-
hood and womanhood. She said to the
farmer boy that with active, intelligent per-
sistence there was no place he might not
reach,that no calling was nobler than elevat-
ing his own class. All listened with inter-
est and regretted the close. Each felt better
for having heard her, and would be glad to
hear her again, and we hope they may.
Brother H. B. Smith, of Kentucky, before
Plymouth Grange at Amity hall March 1,
spoke to a good audience, mostly farmers,
though the roads were almost impassable,
and he was quite unwell and had been for
several days. Yet he showed his strength
by the many strong things he told his hear-
ers regarding legislation, discrimination and
monopolies; the many things farmers do
not do that as citizens of a republic they
should do, and that as the majority of this na-
tion they should do; how their agricultural
interests in congress were looked after by
lawyers; that there were not farmers
enough in congress to form the Agricultural
Committee, that a lawyer was chairman of
that committee, and that it reported adverse
to the Agricultural Commissioner being
made a Cabinet oflicer; that the said Agri-
cultural Commissioner is not a farmer. He
showed how railroads and other monopolies
buy up such legislation as they want, and
that the people can never throw off their
yoke but through organized, persistent ef-
fort. Altogether it was a strong lecture
from a strong man——a farmer talking in earn-
est to brother farmers. We need more just
such men to come among us and rouse us,and
keep us roused, till we act what we know
needs to be done. His strength was most
felt in the Grange, where he came in closer
contact with his hearers and made them
feel that something must and could be done.
Both he and Sister Bristol say that if they
come again they must have two days in a
place, one for the public, and one for Grange
and social labor; and all say yes, yes! to
that; God speed to the Lecture Bureau and
its speakers. M RS. E. T. F. BRADNER.
Redford, VVayne C0,, 3-6-82.

The Care of Poultry.

In the first place, a person should admire
chickens, and enjoy taking care of them, in
order to make it very profitable. For in-
stance, you notice that those farmers who
take more of a fancy to horses than to other
farm stock, will generally have the best
horses, and so with those who fancy cattle;
those who fancy sheep generally get more
profit from them than those who do not. I
think you will find it so with almost any in-
dustry, and so I believe that farmers who
cannot bear to see a chicken around their
yards, and those who don't care where their
fowls go, letting them roost on trees or in a
cold shed all winter, giving them only a few
ears of corn, and letting them get water the
best way they can, will not get very large
returns from their poultry, for, in order to
have hens lay in cold weather, they must be
made comfortable, must be fed and watered
regularly, and not be compelled to eat snow
for water, as snow is injurious.

Hens should not be fed entirely upon corn,
for it is fattening and will makethem too
fat, and so decrease the egg production and
also tend to sterility in the egg. I prefer to
give soft mixed feed in the morning, chang-
ed frequenqly, and at noon a little small
grain, occasionally with some green food,
such as cabbage, turnips etc. A good way
to feed these is to put a wire in a block and
stick them oh the wire.. At night they
should have a full feed of whole grain. Corn
is the best for cold weather, but oats and
screenings should be fed in warmer weather.

Do not forget to keep them supplied with
lime, in the form of old plaster, which is
essential to form the shell. I think that in
many cases when hens eat their eggs this is
where the fault lies, because the shells
are tender, and are often accidentally brok-
en in the nest a,.nd eaten by the hens. It
will not take them long to learn to break
them purposely. I do not say that this is
always the cause, for sometimes it is for
want of animal food. This is often the case
with puliets when they commence laying,
and they should be supplied with scraps,
chopped meat, etc.

Hens should have a box of road-dust or
ashes to dust in, and also some coarse sand
or gravel to assist digestion. Hen-houses
should be situated on dry soil, with plenty
of windows on the south side, and should be
well ventilated. F. w.

WE have received the first number of
Izarmers’ Gossip printed in New York by
the representation of the Patrons’ Paint Co.
It is promised quarterly for the small sum
of ten cents a year. This specimen number
has biographical notes and likenesses of
members of the Order, and abounds in proofs
that the Patron’ paint is the best in the

world and that their neighbor Quarterman
engaged also in the,manufact.ure of the
paint is a fraud.

NOTICES OF MEETINGS.

The Clinton County Pomona Grange will
hold its next meeting at the hall of Dallas
Grange in the village of Fowler on Wednes-
day, April 5th. FRANK CONN, Sec'y.

The next meeting of Manistee District
Pomona Grange No. 21 will be held at the
hall of Silver Creek Grange on Tuesday,
March 21, 1882 at two o'clock P. M. Fourth
degree members in good standing are invit-
ed to attend. B. L. Di-JEN, Sec’y.

The next meeting of the St. Joseph coun-
ty Grange will be held at Centreviile, on
Thursday. April 6, commencing at 10 A. M.
sharp. Conferring the fifth degree will be a
special order of the day.

SAM. H. ANGEVINE, See.

The next meeting of Hillsdale Pomona
Grange will occur on the first Wednesday
in April, at the Jonesville Grange hall.

PROGRAM.

Resolved, That the Grange may be made
to afford all the social enjoyments needed by
the farmer and his family. Opened by Sis-
ter Freeman. .

Essay by Sister McDougal.

Auxiliary horticultural and pomological
society. By Bro. Curyell.

Farmer's garden.—How shall he growa
supply for family use, and how shall be ex-
terminate the pests of the garden ? By Rev.
Richards. N. T. Bnocxwav, Sec’y.

The next regular quarterly meeting of the
Lapeer County Pomona Grange No. 29 will
be held with North Branch Grange No. 607,
near the village of Clifford, April 13 (second
Thursday), 1882. All 4th degree members
in good standing are cordially invited to
attend. The program includes the follow-
ing discussions:

is the Grange beneficial to the farmer‘?
By John F. Muir.

Should farmers ship their own produce to
the seaboard? E. Bartlett.

Is it more profitable to pack butter during
summer months; or to sell it as you make
it? By the Grange.

Which is the most profitable, cooking
food for stock, or feeding it in the raw state?
A. E Leavigne.

Whichis the most prolitabie stock for the
farmers of this county, sheep or cattle? E.
Bartlett.

We hope members will come well pre-
pared to discuss the foregoing questions.
Meeting to open at one-. o’t-lock 1’. M. sharp.
15mar2t Janos W. Sciu-11.1., Sec’y.

Program of Wayne (Jounty Pomona, No. 8,
to he held at Plymouth Grange hall on Fri-
day, March 31. 188:), to commence at 10:30
A. M. After calling to order by VVorthy
Master 0. R Pattengeil, music by Plymouth
choir. After reports of some Subordinate
Granges are heard, discussion‘ will be had
on sorghum.
Plymouth Grange.

12 M. Music. How to make home happy.
An essay by Alma Bryant of Plymouth
G ange. Recitation by C. Maud Cady (elo-
cutioni.-st). of Union Grange.

1 P. M. Dinner.

2:31) P. M. Call to order. Music. Eu-
trenchel regulars and cornstalk militia,
Call for volunteers. Introduction by N. T.
Bradner, of Redford Grange.

4 P. M. Music. E-say. Energy of Pur-
By Sister Wildie, of Plymouth

R-citation by C. Maud Cally.

5:30. Adjournment.

7 P. M. Call to order.
Justice for the farmer.
of Blymouth Grange. Discussion. Fifth
degree work. N. ’i‘. BRADNI-IR,

Lecturer VVayne Co. Pomona.

The next regular meeting of the Cass Co.
Pomona Grange will be held at (loodwin’s
hall in the village of C-assopolis on the 29th
inst, commencing at 10 o’clock sharp.

I’R()Ul-tA.'ll.

Opening of Grange by the Worthy Master.

Music.

Reports of Subordinate Granges.

Essay on language and uses of iiowers.
By Mrs. Moore.

Discussion.

Recess for dinner.

RI-2Cl-JSS.

Music. -

Essay, Etiquette and its defence. By Mrs.
Robert Wiley.

Discussion.

Music.

Plan of house with draft of same; also
essay on building, appointment, appurte-
nances, lawn, gates, etc. By Mrs. R. J.
Dixon.

pose.
Grange.

Music. Essay,
By Arthur Stevens,

EVENING.

Select reading. By Mrs, J. Woods.

Essay, Hired help on the farm. By the
Lecturer. G. Hanson. Com.

The Bronson Grange will entertain the
Branch Co. Pomona Grange at their hall in
the village of Bronson on Wednesday, April
5, 1882. The following will be the program,
as near as practicable :-

Grange called to order at 10 o’cloek. A. l(.,
sharp.

Reports of committees and Subordinate
Granges.

Conferring fifth degree.

Afternoon Session——Open session— Quee-
tion, “Is not direct taxation for highwa
purposes, and direct application preferab e
to our present system of highway labor?”
Discussion to be opened by Bro. Seth Reed
of Bronson Grange. Q.uestion—" Insects
injurious to vegetation,” Brother Fisher of
Sherwood Grange. Question-—" What is
the duty of a member in promoting the
harmony and seeking the prosperity of the
Order,” Sister Fuller, Bronson Grarige. A
paper by Bro. Langley of Centerville, St.

oe Co. President of the Patrons’ Aid Soci-
ety of Michigan on “ Lin: lnsu=':.:.ce among
members oftihe Order and their duties in
this connection.” Question—‘‘ Is butter
improved by washing,” by Sister Rawson of
Bronson Grange. Apaper by Sister Luce
of Gilead Grange, topic, “ The value of an
attractive home in forming character in the
young.” Continuation of Bro. H. D. Pes-
sel’s trip to the Old World.” Music to be
interspersed through the exercises by Bron-
son Grange. Members of the Order are cor-
dially invited. H. D. PESSELL,

= 'Worthy Lecturer.

AFTER the inside of this paper had gone
to press we received notice that the sign!-
ture of Traflic Manager attached to the time

card of C. & G. T. R. B. should he Geo. B.
Reeves, instead of Chas. B. Peck.

introduced by L. Dem, of '


6

one ensues visit-on.

MARCH 15, 1882.

Eadie’ fiqpaqtment.

“TIRED OF LIFE.”
It is the idle tire of life,
The idle hearts, that duties shirk;
The idle brains. that have no thought;
The idle hands, that have no work.
The good man knows that life is good,
And strives to make his own complete.
The thoughtful know that it is great;
The loving know that it is sweet.

Yea, even when life halts with pain,
Or falls with anguish by the way,
Great souls it patiently detain,
And hope and bear and humbly pray,
Because life is so grand a thing;
Because beyond its pain and strife
They see a fair eternity
That must be bought by noble life.

Then, thou who art so “tired of life,”
Go work, go love, go try to think,

Go find some duty, how’er small,
And then beside it do not shrink.

Go take thy place; it may be low,
And in the sear of mortahstrife,

But fill it well, and then I know _
Thou wilt not say, “I’m tired of life.”

Let us Act.

Read before the Hartford Grange. No. 89, by Ida 
Irey, and ordered printed in the VISITOR by unani-
mous vote of the Grange.

We are always thinking or planning some-
thing to do, but we never find the time to
accomplish it. VVe are continually putting
off, we are never ready to act when the op-
portunity ofi'ers. We mean to, oh! yes, we
mean to do our part, but do we? \Vhen the
time comes for us to do our part do we not
feel like shirking, or shrinking back into
some corner and exclaiming I can’t? But
let us try, let us resolve to do our part ; no
matter if we are not the most eloquent
speakers or writers in the world, every lit-
tle helps, and by constant and continued
effort we may in time become quite fluent
speakers. No matter it‘ we do almost fail,
let us try. It is said that Abbie Kelley in
her first attempt to speak in public utterly
broke down and was not able to proceed
that evening; but did she give up? No! but
tried again and did but little better, and
again, until finally she became one of our
ablest speakers.

But is it necessary that we should all be
great speakers or writers? Some of us may
desire to be, but all cannot. Then let us do
what we can in our own little way, remem-
bering that life is made up of littles, for do
not the little drops of water make up the

great ocean? And where is the desert but for

the little grains of sand. And so it is that
little opportunities for doing good, little
lessons that may at present seem so unim-
portant, help materially -to lay the founda-
tion for a great and useful life.

I repeat let us be ever ready to act, ever
ready to do some good deed. some act of
kindness, so that when the noon of our life
comes it may find some work finished, some
duty discharged so that as the sorrowful
sunset draws near, as the darkening twi-
light and the darker night approach we
may be able to look back on the bright
midday hours without the bitter thought
that humanity knows of having lost time
which even with all eternity before us we
may never retrieve.

We look around and plan so much to do,

We hope and wonder, work and rest and sigh,

And hardly is our journey half way through

Before we break the brittle thread and die.

So all along the busy path of life,
We meet and mingle with each other here,
And drink but drops of mingled joy and strife,
And learn too late that life is half so dear.
—Mrss IDA L. Inuv.

“Lost Opportunities.”

These two words have a depth of meaning
almost unfathomable, and yet they enter
into our every day life as one of the factors
which constitute the reality in which we
live. Many of us are casting about us, con-
stantly trying to find some great work to
do, some high position to attain, a grand
mission to perform, when in fact there is
much work waiting to be done in our own
homes, or among our acquaintances, orto
the stranger that may enter “within, our
gate.” But we too often turn away from
these small opportunities asa something be-
neath our notice. A kindly word. a simple
act of courteousness. the bidding a person
God speed, and wishing them well, would
not cost anything and might do very much
good and send a gleam of sunshine into their
heart. The words “lost opportunities”
have rung in my ears and fastened them-
selves on my mind to-day and somehow I
cannot get rid of them, but instead feel a
great depression of spirits.

Yesterday I wrote a long letter to a
young man in whom I have become deeply
interested and feel a great solicitude for his
future course in life. I had written him
words of counsel and advice, trying to point
out to him the true road to noble manhoood
and purity of life and financial success.
The question arose in my mind, why do
you interest. yourself in work so far away?
Why not take as much interest in the young
people of your own town? I mentally re-
replied, there is no opportunity like this,
no work presents itself. Just at that mo-
ment the door bell rang and as I glanced
out of the window I saw a boy with a

satchel in one hand and a pack on his back.

My first thought was to not stop my work,

and let him, go away without opening the

door, but I opened the door. He said in a
mild and pleasant voice. Will you please buy
something this morning? I. replied, Not any-
thing tc-day. But won’t you buy some-
thing; let me show youi‘ I said impatiently,
Not anything to-day and hastily shut the
door and locked it, leaving him to gulp
down his disappointment as best he could-

’ I went back into the kitchen but my enthu-

siasm was all gone. The Work dragged and
as I saw him slowly go down the road I
imagined his feelings were none of the most
cheerful and that he would say to himself,
what a rough world this is, cold words and
frowns fall to my lot. And as I recalled his
looks and appearance I fancied this was al-
most his first attempt in the business of
peddling; that perhaps he had no home,
no friends, and no employment, and‘ took
this method of gaining an honest livelihood.
It was not at all necessary to treat him so
unceremonious. I might have shown that I
had a kind heart if I had not been so in-
tent on doing a great amount of work that
day and did not wish to be interrupted. I
need not buy any of his wares to show that
I was interested in him, but a little more
civility on my part might have strength-
ened a good resolution or given him a better
impression of humanity, and not stirred
up the worst side of his feelings. Many
a time I have refused to purchase of a ped-
diet but never did a circumstance impress
me like this. The opportunity came to me
to do good and I refused to do it, looking for
something grander and nobler. It is praise-
worthy to doa duty nearest to us though
not always the most pleasant to perform.
The Farmers’ Garden.

BY MRS. J. \V. STRONG.

An essay read before the Farmers’ Institute, at
Galesburg, Feb. 1, 1882.

“ In the beginning God created the heav-
en and the earth.” Directly following the
creation is recorded the planting of the first
garden. The first man was divinely ap-
pointed gardener. It is not my purpose in
this paper to follow his successes or failures
from that day to this, nor yet to note the
faithfulness with which he has labored in
this first department assigned him, but to
briefly sketch the present ‘condition of the
farmers’ garden, with some suggestions for
its possible improvement.

The average farm garden is not a very at-
tractive spot; that it is a by-word and a dis-
grace to this beautiful country of ours we
dare not deny. It usually contains a few
currant bushes struggling for life in a dense
growth of grass and weeds; a plant or two
of rhubarb that is allowed to blossom and
seed undisturbed; an old grape vine that
wanders at its own sweet will over a tumble
down trellis, and from thence to the nearest
cherry tree, which it finally succeeds in
killing, with perhaps a little asparagus, and
a few strawberry plants vainly striving to
outlive the weeds. And as a love for the
beautiful manifests itself in flowers wher-
ever woman dwells, you will notice here and
there asmall plot devoted to their culture.

But as you look you can plainly read—en-
thusiasm, hard work under difficulties, dis-
couragement, failure. In all this there is no
attempt at order, but everything is thrown
in as if by chance. Many a wife has felt a
chill creep over her as she sees in her hus-
band indications of the annual fever to
“plow and plant the garden,” for with
many farmers about their only idea of
garden work comes to them in this dread
form. For well she knows when the double
team and great plow start for the garden,
woe betide the luckless shrub, however
choice. that stands in the way. The time
for this annual raid depends on his feelings.
Sometimes he says he will see if he can’t
have a garden as early as his neighbors, and
starts in when the soil is entirely unfit to
be stirred, and he would not think of plow-
ing for corn, and sometimes refuses to do a
thing until his spring crops are all in ; but
when he begins to plant everything must go
under. It is mildly suggested that a succes-
sion would be a nice thing, but he says,
“ What I plant must go in now; I can’t be
planting all summer." It is now left to rest
from four to six weeks, “waiting for the
seeds to come up,” when the weeding proc-
ess is pursued with the same relentless vigor
that characterized the planting. Result: a
few slender, sickly looking plants, so tender
that the few that survive the hot sun and
winds can never yield a good supply of
properly matured fruit. We do not marvel
that the verdict founded on this experience
is, “ The garden don't pay.”

Farmers of Kalamazoo county, is this not
a truthful picture? Is it a flattering one?
I have no doubt that many of you, hearing
this picture for the first time, are saying,
“Overdrawn.” But a ride of 18 miles, from
my home to Kalamazoo, takes me over a
portion of as fine country as southern Mich-
igan can boast, and should furnish an aver-
age specimen. Beautiful farms undera high
state of cultivation, residences that 30 years
ago would have been called
thing betokens industry, abi ity and thrift;
but the gardens, with modified variations,
are scarcely better than the above des-
cription. I never take this ride without
asking again and again. “ How can a man
who manifests neatness and good order in
everything else, be so blind to the defects in
his garden ‘? ”

Horace Greeley once said, " If you would
bring about any great reform, you must
agitate, agitate.” Now, I submit if you ag
itate this question until farmers are made to
see how this little carelessl -tilled plot
mars the beauty and hence ihecreases the
value of the entire farm; until they are
made to feel the want of a generous supply
of fruit and vegetables in their season, and
to know that a remedy for all this lies within
their easy reach, the “reform” is already on
the high-road to success. Many have never
been accustomed to _have anything to do
with planting and attending a good garden.
At table they never learned to miss many of
our best vegetables and berries. They have
regarded everything in this line as expen-
sive luxuries.

If we would improve on this mode of liv-
ing, two things are imperative. The first is
an interest in the work, with a determina-
tion that it shall be a success: I believe
that almost any farmer can, by being inter-

alatial, every- ,

ested himself, so interest his hired man and
boys that work in the garden will be a
pleasure instead of an irksome task. The
second is, Plant everything in rows one
way. The corn-marker may be used, as it
markes close enough for anything: for
grapes and berry or currant bushes you can
skip one row or more, but make everything
row_one way. This admits the horse and
cultivator, and where there is so much to be
done, all of so much greater importance,
unless you plan to do with a horse all he can
be made to do, the garden will never be
properly worked. Nota man of you who
expects a good corn crop but sends the culti-
vator through it ever week. Do not hope
for a satisfactory gar en with less work. It
will take you ten or fifteen minutes, and
this, with the hoe used at odd times, if you
have given the selection of a succession of
vegetables and berries the careful study they
demand, so that your plot is well laid out-
will afford table luxuries that when once
enjoyed can never be willingly dispensed
with. I believe there is time enough wasted
on almost any ofour farms each season, that
judiciously spent in the garden would pro-
duce a better one than many farms can
boast. The amount and variety must de-
pend upon the size and taste of the family.
I do not advise raising twice the amount we
want, to be wasted or given away, but we
see no reason why we may not have some-
thing fresh for the table every day after the
last of April, when we are regaled with the
first “pie-plant pie” and the most delicious
asparagus. Thanks to our seedsmen, whose
catalogues are so freely given, all the in-
struction we need may be had for the read-
mg.

I have spoken of berries, but wish to call
your attention to the necessity of a variety
of small fruits. The fact that “of all the
productions of the soil, fruits in their almost
endless variety are the only portion of our
food which nature furnishes ready for our
immediate use,” is conclusive evidence that
“it should form a large portion of our daily
nourishment.” Yet farmers as a class have
been prone to think them luxuries only to
be enjoyed by their city neighbors who
could buy fresh from the market. In the
last few years, however, many choice varie-
ties have been brought into farm gardens,
but through ignorance or shiftlesness, or
both, they have not as a rule proved satis-
factory. Hence we hear them say they
would rather buy the little they want than
be bothered. Easy enough to say, but will
you, can you do it? VVhen we want fresh
fruitis when we want it, and that is three
times a day all summer, and a good supply
nicely stored away for winter. Many of us
live four or five miles from town, and many
times, during the busy season, we cannot
get to town from one Saturday evening to
another: then you may have a dish of ber-
ries for Sunday——if they are there. Some-
times they are nice, but more frequently, if
found at all, they have stood in the market
until unfit for use. I cannot believe stale
fruit any better suited to the needs of
the human stomach than tainted butter or
meat Our choice, then, seems to lie be-
tween raising it ourselves and doing without
it. Which shall we do?

There were flowers in the first garden,
planted by the Creator. Dare we ignore
this high precedent? “Men may have
homes without flowers, and still be refined
and happy, but the lesson Eden teaches is
against this hypothesis. The flowerless
home is not the ideal home designed by the
Almighty.” “ The idea that the cultivation
of flowers is beneath the dignity of able-
bodied men, is a mistake which everywhere
needs correction. Men who love and culti-
vate flowers, fruits and vegetables, are better
men, better to themselves, their families
and their God. N ature’s lessons in this work
are manifold, teaching industry. Datience,
faith, hope and a love for all that is good,
and true, and beautiful on earth.” While
we would urge you to give this subject more
attention, we never wish to see the farm
work neglected for the cultivation of flow-
ers. Mathematics teaches there is a mean
between two extremes. I believe this true
in every phase of our life-work: let us seek
it in this.

A well-ordered garden‘ is one of the best
summer schools for the boys and girls. Let
no opportunity pass to teach them a lesson
from its well-filled pages. Let them be so
thoroughly imbued with a knowledge of and
love for this work that its influence shall be
felt all through life, and you bequeath to
-them a legacy of greater worth than vaults
of boarded gold. To retain their interest,
it must be made attractive by constant im-
provement, for which they are required to
plan and work. This will demand a trifling
outlay of time and means, but for every
hour you spend in such a garden, in pleasant
converse with your family—-aided, perhaps,
by a pocket microscope, which will reveal
marvels of beauty in minute objects around
y0u,——and for every dollar that adds one more
charm to the dearly loved home, you shall
reap a hundred fold.

In the years to come, when your step is no
longer elastic, when your once proud form is
bowed and tottering, when you no longer
lead but are led, -— then shall the loving care
bestowed upon your children return to bless
your declining years and smooth your path-
way to the more beautiful gardens beyond ;
when all—from the noble son, u on whom
you so confidently lean, to t e lisping
grandchild, who’ gleefully brings the first
blossom of spring or the first ripened fruit
—-shall vie with each other in their tokens of
love; and finally, when your tired hands
are folded, and your body laid to rest, and
the daisies bloom above yon—“your children
and your children's children will rise up
and call you blessed.”

Mrs Benton’s Spare Room.

‘Didn’t we have a good sermon, Jack?
asked pretty little Mrs. Benton of her
brother, as they sat on her cool shaded ve-
randa, one summer Sabbath afternoon.

‘Fair,’ responded Jack, pulling away at
htils cigar lazily, and sitting back in the easy
c air.

‘Fair! It was splendid,’ indignantly as-
serted his sister. ‘ ‘It made me just long to
do something for some one.’

‘Well, go on and do it then, sis. The
heathen are not all out in India or Japan,
or any of those places; and there are plenty
of poor souls that need sympathy and help
that never saw Five Points. I've no sort of
patience with these far-sighted folks who
never do any .good in the world because
they can’t go off on a mission.’

And having relieved his mind, Jack re-
sumed his paper and cigar, leaving his sis-
tor to meditate or not, as she pleased upon

his discourse. Truth to tell, her reflections
were not quite comfortable.

‘Jack does upset one so,’ she sighed. “He

makes me feel as though I had never done
anything in my life. Oh dear!’
' The sermon had been eloquent and thrill-
ing, full of zeal for the cause of missions;
and Mrs. Benton had come home, as we
have seen, impressed and regretful, though
rather resignedly so that it was impossible
for her to follow its teachin s. And here
Jack was assuring her in sue a matter of
fact way that there was plenty to do within
her reach.

‘I wonder if there really is,’ she was
thinking to herself,’ when the ringing of
the tea bell dispelled her thoughts for the
time being.

'I’m goinginto the city, Jack, to spend
the day,’ announced Mrs. Benton the next
morning, as she rose from the breekfast-ta-
ble. ‘And I believe I will bring Helen
home with me fora week; it is so pleasant
here now.”

‘I’m agreeable,’ said Jack, while mentally
planning to spend the next week fishing.

Mrs. Benton’s main errand was at her
dressmaker’s. Accordingly she betook her-
self there immediately.

‘Oh dear!’ she sighed, as she waited for
her a few moments. ‘I don’t see how folks
can live in the city in the summer; and
they don’t more than half live,’ she added,
as the lady entered the room.

‘You’re not looking well,’ she said, after
she had given her orders. ‘You should
take a little rest, and go into the country
for a week or so, at any rate. It would do
you ever so much good.’

Forjust a moment the tired face bright-
ened at the mere thought of the cool, fresh
pure air, then the sad, tired expression re-
turned. 'I know I need it, but I cannot pos-
sibly afford it.’

What was it that brought yesterday’s ser-
mon and Jack’s pertinent remark to Mrs.
Benton’s mind just then? She shrugged
her shoulders a little impatiently, and
turned to go.

‘I’m sorry; it would do you good,’ she said
as she passed out.

But she did not feel easy. Mrs. Gray’s
tired face fairly haunted her as she went
about doing her errands. She tried her
best to shake it off, but the more persistently
it came before her, while she seemed to hear
Jack saying, ‘Well, go on and do it, sis.’

‘I might ask her home with me for a week
or more, just as well as not,’ was the sug-
gestion that had come to her even at the
house, and that she was trying to get away
from.

‘I haven’t but one spare room, and I want
Helen.’ she pleaded to herself.

‘But Helen did not need the rest one par-
ticle. and thepoor Woman is fairly pining
away for it’, whispered conscience.

Then Mrs. Benton remembered that Mrs.
Gray had a boy, a rosy cheeked,wide awake,
brown eyed fellow,just the sort of looking
boy that you would know would be in
everything. And they would have to have
her pretty, dainty, blue room—oh! no she
could not.

She started for Helen’s and before she was
half way there, turned suddenly about.

‘I’m'asbamed of myself,’ she said aloud,
heartily ashamed,’ and she drove straight
back to the dressmaker’s.

‘I wantto take you and your little boy
home with me for a week or so,’ she said
cordially. ‘He shall have all the milk he
wants, and you shall just rest and do as you
please.’

And what do you think! The poor woman
just dropped down where she stood on the
stairs, and cried for very joy.

‘Thought you were going to bring Helen
home with you,’ said Jack that night, as
they stood in the parlor alone, after their
guests had retired.

‘So I was, but you see she didn’t need it,
and this poor woman did. I—you know
you said there was plenty to do, and for me
to 0 on and do it, she added, laughing.

hen a moment later, she added, softly.

‘But I’m ashamed to say, Jack, that
though only yesterday I thought if it
weren't for you and Arthur I would like
to go off as a missionary, yet it was awfully
hard to do this little bit of kindness to-day.’

‘Brave little sis!’ said Jack, very much
as when they were children, and she had
been specially brave. 'You’ve got it real
this time.’— Canada Casket.

Advice to Young Ladies.

John Ruskin gives the following advice
to young ladies: “ In order to investigate
oneself, it is well to find out what one is
now. Don’t think vaguely about it. Take
pen and paper and write down as accurate a
description of yourself as is possible; and if
you dare not, find out why you dare not,
and try and get strength of heart enough to
look yourself in the face, mind as well as
body. Always have two mirrors on your
dressing table, and with proper care dress
mind and body at the sametime. Put your
best intelligence to finding out what you are
good for, and what you can be made into.
The mere resolve not to be useless and the
honest desire to help other people will, in
the quickest and most delicate way, improve
oneself. All accomplishments should he
considered as means of assisting others. In
music get the voice disciplined and clear,
and think only of accuracy ; expression and
efl‘ect will take care of themselves. So in
drawing ; learn to set down the_ right shape
of anything, and thereby explain its char-
acter to another person ; but if you try only
to make showy drawings for praise, or petty
ones for amusement, your drawing will have
little or no interest for you, and no educa-
tional power. Resolve to do each day some-
thing useful in the vulgar sense. Learn the
economy of the kitchen, the good and bad
qualities of every common article of food,
and the simplest and best modes of their
preparation ; help poor families in their
"cooking; show them how to make as much
-of everything as possible and how to make
little niceties; coaxing and tempting them
into tidy and pretty ways, and pleading for
well folded table cloths, however coarse, and
for a flower or two out of the garden to strew
on them. One should at the end of every
day be able to say as proudly as any easant
that she has not eaten the bread of i leness.
Get quit of the absurd idea that heaven will
interfere to correct great errors, while allow-
ing its laws to take their own course in pun-
ishing small ones. If food is carelessly pre-
pared no one expects providence to make it
palatable; neither, if through years of folly
you misguide your own life, need you
expect divine interference to bring around
everything at last for the best. I tell you
positively the world is not so constituted.

The conse uences of great mistakes are just
as sure as t ose of small ones, and the hap-
piness of your whole life, and of all lives
over which you have power depends as lit-
erally on your common sense and discretion
as the excellence and order of a day.”

A Good Word from Ohio.

Mr. J. T. Cobb .-——The sample VISITOR
sent me was valuable and entertaining, and
I could not help but feel that I- had
suffered a loss in not being a subscriber and
reader in the past years the VIs1'i'oB has
been published.

It is urged by our State Lecturer here
that many other Granges might be estab-
lished in this State, and the membership of
the Order largely increased, by energetic
work and appropriate effort. Surely this is
true, and I would suggest, as the first and
most eflicient means to that end, that every
farmer and others interested, both in and
outside the Grange, be urgently solicited to
subscribe for one or more of our valuable
Grange papers. VVere this done thoroughly,
the Order would take a jump forward and
upward to an extent that would delight and
surprise its friends and much disturb its
enemies, including all the monopolies in
the Unite States.

There is erhaps not a successful, energetic
Grange in the United States in which the
members are not informed of the current
history, objects and accomplished results fo
the Order at large, through and by the read-
ing of Grange papers. If there'is one per-
manent, loyal and successful Grange in the
country that does not read, let us beg its
Master or Secretary to report the fact. True,
it can be urged that the members likely to
make a good Grange will be apt to be intel-
ligent, and therefore readers by choice, yet
it should not be forgltten that there are
many men, and women too, outside the gates,
who are not liable to the charge of ignor-
ance, but who persistently refuse to become
members, generally because, first, they have
never realized the necessity of organization
of the farming and industrial classes; and
second, because they have never understood
the objects sought to be accomplished by
our organization. There are other objec-
tions of minor importance, but these are
the main ones.

When a farmer here, in answer to a ques-
tion, told his wife that the cows were in a
certain field near the house, to which he
pointed, she said he must be mistaken, be-
cause she could not see them. But it hap-
pened that the cattle were in a farther
corner of the field, and an elevation, or hill,
it might be called, hid them from her sight.
A similar diiiiculty exists with many good
people with regard to the Grange. They
refuse to believe that there are any or so
many wrongs to avoid or redress by their
brother farmers elsewhere, because they do
not witness them nor take any paper inform-
ing them of these things. There is a hill in
the way, perhaps several, and they have no
means of seeing these facts. It is this very
class too, who know nothing reliable of the
efforts, the means or methods designed to
remedy the evils, and if they know of a
Grange that has failed or disbanded they
make sure the whole thing is dead and be-
yond any resurrection.

Nor is this at all strange. We have many
good but non-reading members in the
Grange to whom our State Secretary’s re-
port of progress, activity and strength
would be a surprise were they to read or
hear of it. The truth is that few of us, even
of the most zealous, have done our whole
duty, not only in regard to the Grange press,
which we have been under special obligation
to sustain, but also with regard to many
other obligations.

It might be useless or unnecessary to re-
count the many shortcomings we have been
guilty of, but it is a pleasure and profit to
note a few exceptions we hear. Take this
instance, from the Grange Bulletin, of regu-
lar attendance: Ten years ago, when Stock-
brldge Grange was organized in Ingham
county, Mich., Bro. H. H. Bruerton be-
came a member, and was its Master the past
eight‘ years: in all that time he has not
failed-to attend a singe one of its meetings.
Who can beat that? In Monroe Grange,

this county, was Bro. Wm. Green, who,
besides all the virtues of attendance, zealous
work, etc., has conscientiously made it a rule
to purchase no article of outside arties that
he could buy through Grange dea ers. When
he has wanted any article or articles, he has
written on paper the kind, guality and
amount wanted, and instructe the Secre-
tary to send.
Millwood, Knox Co., Ohio, Feb. 28, 1882,

THERE is a smart girl in Clark county,
Iowa, who lately had her flock of sheep
sheared, consisting of 92 head, securing an
average fleece of 8} pounds. She lost but
eight full-grown sheep during the past se-
vere winter, and they were killed by a vic-
ious horse.

To the Editor .- —WOR'I‘HY BRDTHER,— I
want to say to all Patrons that I have used
the Ingersoll Liquid Rubber Paint on ‘the
outside of my house, and am very much
pleased. It is perfectly beautiful, and any ,
one, though not a: painter, can make a fine '

job,
flows in and fills u
hence a farm han

all marks of the rush,

paint. My neighbors all admit that there is .5
no humbug about the Patrons’ Paint, and I 3‘
think I am but doing my duty to the Order,’
in thus writing. Fraternally,

akland‘Co., Mich. C. C. Srnvnns.
[See advertisement:-En1'ron. 1

The paint does not set quickl , but ‘

can make as good a job .
as a painter can with the common lead?


I
3
3

MARCH 15, 1882.

$urreap‘untIe1trr-

Eighty Workers.

 

Bro. Cobb :—-Allow me space in your ex-
cellent paper to say that Roxand Centre
Grange, No. 315, still thrives, with a mem-
bership of about 80 workers; and, with a
hall both comfortable and commodious, we
still continue to enjoy ourselves in ahome of
our own. At our last meeting the fourth
degree was conferred, with Bro. J. W.
Ewing, Master of Grand Ledge Grange, No.
301, officiating. About 48 of their number
were present. Repairing to the basement,

' refreshments were discussed, and all did

ample justice to the viands prepared for the
occasion, nearly or quite 200 participating in
the harvest feast, and we could but say, “ It
is good for us to be here.” With steadily
increasing numbers, full attendance, and
perfect union of feeling and purposes — for
verily, “in unity there is strength”—I think
we can truthfully say, with pardonable
pride, that our Grange stands at the front.
Respectfully,
MRS. H. L. STEARNS,
Cor. Sec. Roxand Centre Grange.
Hoytville, Feb. 18, 1882.

 

Report from Calhoun County Grange.

Bro. Cobb :——-As you have not heard from
Calhoun county Grange in some time, and
as I have something to tell, I write. Our
County Grange met at Battle Creek for its
annual election of officers, Feb. 9 and 10.
You see we took two days for it. The report
of the Lecturer showed eight Granges in the
county, six of which had been visited by the
Lecturer dpring the year. Quite a good
many additions had been made to their
numbers in that period. The Treasurer’s
report showed $22.99 in the treasury. The
Secretary’s report showed that the Pomona
Grange has now_a membership of 104 ; eight
meetings have been held during the year;
23 candidates have been initiated. The meet-
ings all through the year have been largely
attended, and have been full of interest.
The following oflicers were elected for the
year; Master, E. White; Lecturer, Nancy
Cameron; Treasurer, John Hough; Secre-
tary, Mas. PERRY MAYO.

Marshall, Mich., Feb. 20, 1882.

______.________._____
Capital Grange, No. 540.

Bro. Cobb :—Some of the most interesting
things that I find in the GRANGE VISITOR
are the reports of the various Granges of our
State. We, as Patrons, are all interested in
each other’s prosperity and welfare. There-
fore, thinking that perhaps it might be of
some interest to others, I will say that "Cap-
ital Grange” is doing well. We ‘have at
present 233 active members, and more com-
ing in. It is not often that a Grange is los-
ing interest on account of too many being
received, but such was really the case with
us, as we were conferring degrees at almost
all of our meetings, leaving but little time
for discussions and literary work, and for
this reason our Grange decided by vote to
confer degrees only every quarter. This
makes it more pleasant for the candidates
also, as we have then larger classes.

As a Grange we often have exceedingly
lively times, most members taking a very
active part in the programmes, the subjects
being earnestly discussed pro and con, but
always in the best of spirits and feeling,
for you know, the Grange is a good school
to learn to be tolerant.

The Lansing Co operative Association in-
tend to break ground very soon, and con-
template putting up a building 30x80 feet in
size, three stories high —-<the entire third
story to be used as a Grange hall. This will
give Capital Grange plenty of room. We
don’t believe in the swarming process, bet-
ter make larger hives.

While writing of our prosperity, I must
not forget to mention the exceedingly inter-
esting lectures we had during the winter, by
speakers furnished by the “National Lec-
ture Bureau,” the last but not the least of
whom was Sister Bristol, of New Jersey.
Her subject was a grand one, and was treat-
edin a truly masterly manner. It has been
my good fortune to hear other women lec-
turers of national reputation, but I must
candidly confess that none excelled her in
sound logic, argument, and manner of de-
livery. I would advise Granges to engage
her if possible; she will do them good. I
wish every farmer in the land qould her her.

Fraternally, WM. SHAFFEB,

Lansing, Feb. 20, 1882. Lecturer.

 

Another “Sleepy Grange ” Wakes Up.

Aftera comfortable nap of several years’
duration, Armada Grange, No. 445, woke up
on Thursday evening, Feb. 9th. This de-
sirable event took place after a lecture from
Bro. C. L. Whitney, who spent several days
in Grange work in this vicinity. Nearly all
of the old members came back, and, in ad-

~ dition, some of the most influential citizens

of the neighborhood, who had, in former
years, appeared somewhat indifferent to the
success of the Order, became members.

In the election of oificers the members
were so well acquainted with each other
that they were able, in each case, to choose
the person peculiarly fitted to discharge the

V

can cusses vrsrros.

' 7

duties of the omce he was selected to fill.
Judging from appearances, Armada Grange
starts off in its reorganized condition with

prospects very favorable for a successful ca-—

reer, and we shall bé sadly disappointed if
it does not soon become one of the most
prosperous Granges in this part of the State.
Certainly, no Grange with which we are ac-
quainted possesses a membership embracing
persons of more ability, and it is only neces-
sary for them to work in unison to accom-
plish great results. May they so continue
to work!

We heard some regrets expressed that the
Hon. Geo. W. Phillips, who was present at
the lecture, and who, from his earliest man-
hood, has done so much for the cause of ag-
ricultural improvement, should have felt
that his time was so fully occupied in the
discharge of the duties he owed to the organ-
izations to which he already belonged that
he had no time to devote to the Grange. He
expressed himself, however, as heartily in
sympathy with the Order, and stated that
in his extensive travels throughout the State
he saw abundant evidence of the good work
the Grange was doing.

Besides the lecture above referred to, Bro.
Whitney delivered two other public address-
es, which were listened to by very attentive
audiences. One of these lectures was deliv-
ered in a neighborhood in which there had
never been a Grange meeting, and we shall
not be surprised if some of the intelligent
farmers who so closely followed the earnest
address of Bro. Whitney, will sooner or
later find their way inside the gates.

As usual, our Worthy ex-Lecturer was
constantly at work during his stay among
us. We, who have known Bro. W'hitney
from boyhood, and were so well acquainted
with the arduous duties he performed in
another department of useful labor, were es-
pecially gratified to observe that years of
toil had not lessened his enthusiasm in a
good cause, and that the practice of his
youth,—of doing with his might whatsoever
his hands found to do,-—-was still continued.
Long may he be sparqi to do efficient work
for the Grange. Fraternally,

. F. E. Scorn‘.
Romeo, Feb. 18th, 1882.

A Visit to Lent and Orangeville Granges, Barry
County, Mich.

Bro. Cobb .-—We have been somewhere
and are anxious to tell the VISITOR about it.
We were invited by friends to make Lent
Grange, in Barry county, a visit, and give
them words of encouragement and good
cheer. They have made up their minds to
build themselves a Grange home, and though
there are many adverse circumstances to
overcome—as there always are—the hall
will surely be built.

After a ride of 36 miles through one of the
finest sections of Michigan, We found our
good friend Bro. Honeywell with open door
and open heart to receive us, and we were
not sorry to accept the kind hospitality ex-
tended to us by himself and wife. We
spoke that evening to a large and intelligent
audience at Warner church, and we are
afraid they owed us some sort of a grudge,
as a vote of the house called for us to speak
to them again at the same place the next
afternoon. As Mr. Green’s agents have been
most thoroughly stirring up the farmers in
that section of country, Mr. Mayo tried to
show the people what the Grange was try-
ing to do for her Patrons in defending them
against all such swindlers. And as so many
of them have been notified to “call at the
captain’s office and settle,” they begin to see
that it is useless to sit still any longer and
be robbed by any or every highwayman who
may come along.

The next evening we spoke at Prairieville
to a churchful of people. We wish we could
tell you what an excellent choir followed us
’round the circuit, over the worst roads and
in the darkest nights. They are composed
of the same material that the very best
Grangers are made from. We were enter-
tained that night at Bro. Perkins’ of Prairie-
ville, and while there he asked of us this
question, and not being able to answer it
we submit it to your readers for their con-
sideration: “Is there one good reason why
every farmer should not be a Patron 5? ” The
next day we drove to A. C. Towne’s, and
were most heartily welcomed and as heartily
entertained. That night we spoke to a
smaller audience at the Spaulding school-
house. The night was fearfully dark, with
a drizzling rain, and the roads nothing but
mud. Still our good friends were there.

Bro. E. Brown, of Orangeville Grange,
gave us an invitation to visit their Grange
and give them a lecture. Though our en-
gagements were ended, and we felt we must
set our faces homeward, still we went, and
after the meeting how glad we were that we
did go! Bro. Hewitt, Master, greeted us
on our arrival and kindly provided for our
entertainment. We are sure of two things
in regard to Orangeville Grange: first, they
have a membership of between 30 and 40,
and they are solid, working Grangers;
second, their Master is also solid, being a
gentleman of capacity both mentally and
physically. Their hall was full, and they
endured the lecturesfrom us of two hours
and a quarter's length. Bro. Brainard’s
family kindly entertained us that night, and
though home demanded our presence we
were very sorry indeed to leave the many
kind friends we had found.

The location of their hall will be made in
a small grove of trees, upon a promontory
that puts out into Crooked Lake, and is cer-
tainly’ one of the finest situations for a
Grange hall we ever saw. They have some
funds raised, and are going right at it. It
will not be long before you will hear some-
something from Prairieville Grange, which
is the name they intend to incorporate
under.

If we should ever become so demoralized
as to run out of home, friends and every-
thing else, we certainly shall go to Barry
county, for we know of no place where they
are so forbearing, charitable and hospitable
as there. MR. AND Mas. PERRY MAYO.

Marshall, Mich., Feb. 20, 1882.

Earths’ flepailtmetti.

OUR TRUSTY.

[All of our young folks who have ever known and
loved a Newfoundland dog will appreciate this pleas-
ing picture of “ Old Trusty."]

Seven months old and black as night,
Of the Newfoundland breed and race,-

“ Up on our hind-legs, Trusty dog, '
And ct our young folks see your face."

Such a grave. good face, with its great brown eyes,
And look of eager, wistful appeal ;

There's a full round threat for a ringing bark;
There are strong white teeth for a foe or a meal I

A paw on this knee and a paw on that,—
Isn't he handsome, this dog of mine ?
See how he wags his honest tail 1
See how his soft eyes glint and shine 1*

Up, and out on the sunny porch,
With the children running a breezy race :

Hey ! Trusty,” here,——‘' He l Trusty,” there,-
You cannot match him about the place.

When the sleigh shoots over the snow road,
And the horses neigh at the fastene gate,

Who hears the sound of the bells the first ?
Greets us early and greets us late P

Who but Trusty? “ Down, dog,‘ good dog I”
A voice from the sleigh cries; “Hold! enough !
You'll scatter the mail on the frozen ground;
You'll tare my dress with your gambols rough.”

Hisbreath on my cheek,-—~his tongue on my hand,-
Thcy are but trifles ; yxt. somehow, sire,

I never feel them, but deep in my heart
A something tender and loving stirs.

Think of the difference 'twixt the two,

The boy and the dog; the dog and the man,
(I say to the children gathered round,-

Long haired Mary and ‘Nan cc and Stan);—

Think what you were at seven months old,—
A chubby baby dimpled and pink.

Gurgling away on your mamm:i’s lap,
Without the power to walk or think!

And here's Trusty but seven months old,—

"Hey ! dog, thercs n mouse behind you boot!

Hey ! dog, there's a stixiiige cat under the barn!”
And away he bounds like a grown-up brute.

Come, children clasp your hands in mine :
This babv don’t know where its mother lives,
But we’ll make his childhood a sunny one,
If ever kindness a sunshine gives.

No cuff, no curse, no brutal blows,

No taxing the dumb brute beyond his powers ',
But plenty of meat and plenty of love,

And a bright, glad life for this dog cfours.

And down on the bank where the violets blow,
And spring is flinging her silver rain,

If your foot should slip on the river-brink,
’Tis Trusty will fetch you out again‘

And all tlirough the long, bright summer days,
In roadside ramble. in woodland walk;

He'll follow your footsteps, far and near,
His quick bark chiming in with your talk.

Lift up your silken head, good dog,

Arid look at us all with your deep brown eyes ;
Children, the bond is made and sealed,

And Trusty‘s a nobleman in disguise.
—-Eleanor (J. Donnelly.

“Improvement” Our Motto.

Dear Nieces and .Nephews.'——Why didn’t
you take Sweet Briar’s advice and give us
your opinions on one of the two subjects she
selected? There has not been a letter re-
ceived on these ‘subjects, and the one from
A Granger Girl is the only one which has
shown any thought. The letters from
Brown Thrush and Snow Bird were good,
but if there is to be any improvement it
must be in the way pointed out. You cer-
tainly don’t want it said that you can’t do
as well as the young folks did——“ when I
was young.”

No longer ago than ten years there was a
magazine printed in Boston called the
Young Folks—ask your older brothers and
sisters, they remember it——and there was a
young contributors’ department for those
young people between 14 and 20 years of
age, and they succeeded in making it the
most interesting department in the mags.-
zine.

You certainly have an opinion as to
whether you can learn the ‘hard lesson as
easily after being up late the night before
having a jolly time at a “sugaring off.”
And I don’t believe there is one of you but
has put that arithmetic one side to wait
until you had finished a story. You know
about your standing in the class that day.

Sweet Briar, as you proposed the subject
we shall expect to hear from you, and we
truly hope that everyone of you will try and
give us your experience. AUNT NINA.

___________.____.___. .
“ Every Man the Architect of His Own Fortune.”

Aunt Nina :-

“ Chisel in hand stood a sculptor boy,

With his marble block before him ;

And his face lit up with a smile of joy,
As an an le dream passed o’er him.

He carved t at dream on the yielding stone,
With many a sharp incision ;

In heaven’s own light the sculptor shone,-
He had caught that angel vision.

“ Sculptors of life are we, as we stand
ith our lives unclouded before us,
Waiting the hour when at God’s command,
Our Life dream passes o’er us.
Let us carve it then on the yielding stone,
With many a sharp incision ; '
_ Its heavenly beauty shall be our own,
Our lives that heavenly vision.”

\.

Yes, sculptors of life are we, and yet how
few realize it as we carve our life daily?
How we mar and deface our blocks of life
daily and hourly without once thinking
that all the thousand and one little acts of
life are making their impression upon our
future.

Our brain is the sculptor whose chisel is
ever busy, and must be making incisions of
good 5r evil, and if we let it carve unaided
who knows what it may construct? Some
day we will see the sculpture exhibited and
will not even recognize it.

Brain is a good servant, and a trusty one
if well trained. but the most unruly one
that a person ever employed unless guarded
with the greatest vigilance. If we had a
piece of work to perform that needed the
utmost care and precision, and expected a
reward if performed according to the con-
tract, we would not set an ignorant servant
to perform it alone, but read up the case,
study it out, and instruct him till the work
was completed. If any flaw existed erase
it, and try to perfect the work. But do we
so with our lives?

Possibly a few do, but the majority iet
the brain educate itself almost entirely, and
never lay any dictates upon it, and expect
their sculptuie to be perfect. Brain, uned-
ucated and misinformed, with chisel rough
and heavy and dull is chipping and fretting
away at some of our finest material, mar-
ring and defacing until it is useless and a
blot on our Creator's name when a little care
and education might give it a polish the
world would admire. Some one has said,
“ Fate trims the corners, rough hew them as
we may.” True, but when that is said
Faith steps out but the Master work-
man has other engagements, other corners
to hew, and leaves his subordinates a few
instructions and opportunities and expects
a good piece of sculpture as the result.

Now, we are prone to carve for our neigh-
bors. You see a place on Neighbor Jones’s
block where you would like to put afew
taps. You are not interested enough to
strike good sharp blows and go over
and go to ~chiseling ‘and leave your own
uncared for for the time. Now, Neighbor
Brown thinks: I’ll go and give a few raps

' on that block ; it sadly needs it. You both

work away till you wake up and find Fate’s
nicely trimmed corners marred and defaced
beyond recognition, and perhaps the only
bit of real carving, the only sharp incision
your brain ever did for you chipped and
backed till ’tis irretrievable, then you assail
Brown. “Here, sir! what did you do this
for?” Brown is astonished, “ VVhy, I
thought to help you; I saw you needed it.”
“ But you have only mined what was well
done. This is the corner Fate trimmed for
me. My block is worthless now, or only
second rate at best.” “VVell, you should
not have your choice corners exposed in that
style, and I would not have been carving
them.” That is all the consolation we ever
get, no matter what the damage.

Now, we can never reasonably expect
to perfect our block till we quit hewing
for others and go to hewing for ourselves in
real earnest. Brain was given us by a
Power all-powerful, by one mightier than
we. who said, “as hewers of stone.” Then
let us all in unity strike each our sharpest
incisions against ignorance and'error, and
give Brain supreme command of knowledge,
ior while superstition and ignorance are
sculpturing for us we can never reach our
ideal, nor even the real. While we sleep
and doze and leave our mallet oftenest for our
neighbor, we will never reach anything the
Master Workman would accept as even third

rate. There are some noble ones who have
struck sturdy blows for advancement, and
they are world-renowned; but we, as a mass,
are letting all the finest, most acute faculties
of our brain lie dormant, while only the
rudest part is used, from necessity more
than from fore-thought.

But the day is coming when Brain will
shine forth unfettered,when knowledge will
be supreme, and ignorance will be looked
upon as almost sin. Then the block of life
will yield to its sharp incision, and our Mas-
ter can look upon it and say, “Well done,
good and faithful servant.”

A GRANGER GIRL.

Coloma, Feb. 24, 1882.

THE REAPER, DEATH.

TUCKER.—After along and painful illness Bro.
G. W. Tucker, a worthy member of South Boston

Grange, N o. 175, departed this life Jan. 22, 1882.
Resolutions of sympathy for the bereaved family
were adopted by the Grange and ordered spread upon
its records.

HOGUE.~—Charles F. Hogue.
CEOCKERJ-Emma Cracker.

Each of the above obituary notices were incorpo-
rated in very lengthy preambles and resolutions,
expressive of the esteem in which they were each
held by the brothers and sisters of the Order, and
tendering to the afflicted relatives their well-express-
ed sympathies; but neither the time when, the place

where, the name or number of the Grange was men-
tioned.——Ei).

YATES.—-Bloomer Grange, N o, 436, on the 4th of
February adopted resolutions of respect and condo-

lanes on account of the death of its worthy Past
Master, Wm. Yates, and ordered the same spread
upon the minutes of the Grange. .

FLEMINGr—Death has again entered our circle 

and claimed for his own one of qur members, Brother
J urns FLEMING, one who has outlived his three-
score and ten years. It is another of the main props
taken from our Grange, but we trust that which is
our loss is his gain. To the family in their bereave-
ment we extend our heartfelt sympathy, and would
ask not only the family but the whole Grange to re-
member that these repeated ‘calls should warn us‘ to
so live that when our summons comes we may be
found ready to obey the call.

 

Alabasiine

Is the only preparation based on the
proper principles to constitute a durable
finish for walls, as it is not held on the wall

with glue, etc., to decay, but is 9. Stone Co-
ment that hardens with age, and every ad-
ditional coat strengthens the wall. Is ready
for use by adding hot water, and easily ap-
plied by anyone.

Fifty cents’ worth of ALABASTINE will
cover 50 square yards of average wall with
two coats: and one coat will produce better
work than can be done with one coat of any
other pre aration on the same surface.

For sa e by paint dealers everywhere.
Send for circular containing the twelve
beautiful tints. Manufactured only by AL-
ABASTINE 00.

M. B. CHURCH. Manager,
juyl-tf. Grand Rapids, Mich.

iialilnulniiilsi Puiiliin PLATSII-ll
_LOREN DAY,

Grandvllle, M|ch.,

Is prepared to furnish LAND PLASTEB, fresh
ground, at contract prices, made with the Executive
Committee of the State Grange.
A large stock on hand of pure, finely-ground
LAND PLASTEB,
Send me your Orders direct.
janl—ly

 

LOREN DAY.

 

Fisli’s Aniericrin Dianna] of

PARLIAMENTARY LAW

15 the cheapest and best. The subject" is made so
plain that every Citizen or Society member should
have a copy.

Circular of commendation free. Price by mail pre-
paid; cloth, 50 cents; leather tucks, 81.00. Poet
stamps received. Address, J. T. Conn, Schoolcraft, or

_ Gino. T. Ivisi-I.

(Mention this paper.) ROCHESTER, N. Y.

"A.vANDENBERé,
MANUFACTURER,

HARNESS, WHIPS, BLANKETS, TRUNKS, &c.,

92 Monroe Street.
GRAND RAPIDS, MICH.

I take pleasure in presenting to your favorable con-
sideration my CASH PRICE LIST of Harness Work
-—HAND MADE—aIl of my own manufacture, and
also to return thanks for the liberal patronage I have
received from the different Granges throughout Mich-
igan. I shall do in the future as in the past—furnieh
the best goods for the least money.

Farm Harness, White Trimmed Breeching,
Round Lines, Snaps, Rum Straps, and

spread rings, complete, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .829 00
The same without Brecching, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 00
“ “ with flat Lincs,....  '8 00
“ “ “ “ “ without broeching,. . 25 00
Double Light Buggy Harness, white trimmed,
from . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..825 to 30 00
The same, Nickle Trimmed, from . . . . . .8335 to 50 00
Single Buggy Harness, with round lines, white
trimmed, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13 00
Same with flat lines . 12 00

Nickle Trimmed,....'I'.'.s'i3, 'tr1;,‘.'s12:;'sT-.i(51;.;a 25 00
ALL ORDERS RECEIVED UNDER SEAL or
THE GRANGE

will be shipped at once, and may be returned at my
expense if not entirely satisfactory.
Address all orders to
Yours very respectfully,

A. VAN DEN BERG,

92 Mormon STREET. GRAND Ruins.

FENNO & MANNING,

W001 COMMISSION MERCHANTS,

117 Federal St., Boston.
Consignments solicited and cash Advances Made.

   
 

    

     

. al ” .....,_l_
' AND MICHIGAN HOMESTEAD

Grand Rapids, Michigan, is the most popular agricul-
tural and family paper published. This widely circula-
ted paper,now in its sixth volume,is published weekly,
and sent to subscribers at $1.50 a year including
postage. Every number contains 8 pages, 40 col-
umns of practical agricultural and family reading
matter, including full reports of the West Michi
Farmers’ Club, of which it is the ofiicial organ. he
publishers ofier for the next thirty days to send on
receipt of $2.00 THE WORLD for one year and a copy
of “Our Farmer’s Account Book,” containing 212
pages on fine Ledger paper, a comprehensive sys-
tem of book keeping adapted to the wants of practi-
cal farmers everywhere. Over 80,000 of these books
have been sold within the last year, and in many in-
stances farmers have paid itinerant book agents as
high as three dollars for them. Every farmer should
have one of these account books, but we advise them
to send direct to the Acarcnnrunu. Woann, Grand
Rapids, Mich., and receive the account book and THE
WORLD for one year for less than the book costs
alone. THE Wonnn and Grange Visitor one year,
and the account book, $2.50. Don't fail to mention
this paper when writing. Address,

F. M1 CARROLL, Publishers,
GRAND RAPIDS, Mich.

 

German Horse and Cow Powders.

This owder has been in use for many years. It
is large y used by the farmers of Pennsylvania, and
the Patrons of that State have bought over 100,000
pounds through their urchasing agents. Ite compo-
sition is no secret. 'I‘ e receipt is on every box and
5-pound ackage. It is made by Dr. L. Oberholtzefs
Sons iii o.,.Phoenixville, Pa. t keeps stock healthy
and in good condition. It helps to digest and assimi-
late the food. Horses will do more work, with less
food while usin it. Cows will give more milk and
be in better con tion. It keeps poultry healthy, and
increases the production of eggs. It is also of great
value to them when melting. t is sold at the lowest
wholesale rice b R. E. JAMES, Kanuuzoo,
GEO. W. L 3 00., 80 WOODBRIDGE S13. Da-
T3011‘, T1108. MASON, 181 Wyrnn S'r., Cmcaoo,
and ALBERT STEGEMAN, ALLEGAN. Put up in
60-lb. boxes (loose), price EIGHT CENTS per 1b., 30-lb.
boxes (of 6 5-lb. packages, TEN CENTS per lb.

g;§,AP£.vIN£s.

i Var! ti iniargesu 1 . Warranted
truetonalrlge. Pfdcgg low. AisoI,“t)h,e celebrated

NEW WHITE GRAPE,

,|lENT|8§

 

°i~‘:‘.?:.’.‘E.i‘.'.?*.*i."l-'..’5':‘.°°.:.‘E“’°°°“"“'°"‘t\
r. a trauma, Fredonia, u. r.

nov.l-yl.

 

 


  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   

 

 

8

THE GEANGE ‘VISITOR.

MARCH 15, 1882.

EGGS FOR HATCHING.

Langshans, Brown and White Leghorns and

Pekin Ducks. H. C. UNDERWOOD,

l5mar4t Kalamazoo, Mich.

I HAVE FOR SALE
Forty Bushels ot

Mammoth Pearl Potatoes,

AT 81.50 1-iia BUSHBL,
Twenty-Five Busbels of

WHITE RUSSIAN OATS,

AT 81.00 min Bosiuzn,

In bags, to be delivered at Railroad at Pewamo,
Ionia Co., Mich. A. W. SHERWOOD.

l5mar2t P. amo, Mich.

“BUY THE Bl*]ST!” *

THE sronfiiizo csunn.

The most popular Churn
on the market. No floats
or dashers inside. The cov-
er removed in an instant.
and replaced as quickly.
Cork packing. that never
leaks. The highest award,

   
   

a
SILVER MEDAL,
at Philadelphia, 1880, at
the largest exhibition of
DairyApparatus ever made
in this country, after an
actual test with the lead-
- ‘ ing Chums manufactured.
‘- ' ‘ HIGHEST AWARDS at
the leading fairs in 1881. EIGHT SIZES made, with
or without pulleys, as desired. Agents Wanted.
§ Send for Circulars to the manufacturers.
MOSELEY & STODDARD M’F’G ($0.,
Poultney, Vermont.
JOHN PRESTON, PLr:AsANT, MicH.,
lmar-6t Agent for Kent County.

Moseley’s Cabinet Creamery

‘ MANUFACTURED BY

EOSELEY & STOZDDARZD M’F’G C0..

POU LTNEY, VERMONT.

A very neat, com-
pact, well furnished
and successfuldairy
utensil. It is a
COMPLETE Success
in the dairy, and
has won important
awards when ex-
hibited in competi-
tion w i t h other
Creameries. Re-
. ceiving the highest
' award at the New
England Agricul-
__  tural Society for
the past three consecutive years; also at the Penn-
sylvania State Fair, 1880, where the decision was
ma e aftera thorough test, in which milk, ice and
results were carefully weighed and noted; and at
New York. Ohio, and Michigan State Fairs, and at
many other fairs at difierent times.
We invite the public to give MOSELE_Y’S CABI-
NET CREAMERY a careful examination, as _we
believe it will meet with fayor with those who wish
to purchase a device to raise cream by the cooling
process, combined with a Refrigerator. The lower
art of all sizes answers the purpose of cooling cham-
r. E’ For Agencies address the manufacturers.

JOHN PRESTON, Pleasant, Mich'.,
lxnai-.61; Agent for Kent County.

 

TEE ZALAMAZOO

;

 

COLLEGE, -@N®

 @<>

I N S T I T U T E ,
Ole ' advantages to young Men -and Women
whotzrihlgetlrguflify for business. Send; for Journal
giving particulars.

W. F. PARSONS, Presi.
SEE__I)S :

Sr. Lawnxncn Si:-an GARDENS.
I will send free by mail for 60 cents in stamps
or specie the following
LIST OF SEEDS,
Worth One Dollar and thirty-five Cents :-

1 as. Blood Turnip Beet, ............ . .P1-ice, 10 cts.
1 oz. White Belgian Carrot, ......... .. " 10
1 on. Nutmeg Musk Melon, ........ .. .. " 15

1oz.LargeBed Ouion,............... “ 25
loz.St'udentParsnip, ................ “ 10
1 01. Early Conqueror Tomato, ...... . . “ 30
I 0:. Purple-Top Turnip, ........... .. “ 10
I packet New Hybrid Tomato, _

“ St. Lawrence,” “ 25

81 35
Also, I will send free for 25 cents, 12 packets
Assorted Vegetable Seeds; for 30 cents I will
send 15 packets Flower Seeds, Assorted Annuals;
or the two lots for 50 cts., or the three lots for 85 cts.
Seeds are the growth of 1881: if not satisfactory,
will refund the money.
I Address,
VV. VV. VANSTON, Seed-Grower,
Mallorytown P. 0.,
dec-.15-6t Ontario, Canada.

Garden, Flower and Field
5 E E :0 5 ,_

4 OF EVERY VARIETY.

POXPS OP ASSORTED PUPPIES finished SRINPPS

Varieties not used returned.
WHITE RUSSIAN OATS.
Special Prices to Patrons on Application.

NEW GROCERY PRICE LIST NOW‘ READY.
SEND FOR IT.

GEORGE W. HILL,

80 Woodbridge St., West,
l'eb.lt! DETROIT, ssicn.

newsdealers in the United State: and Canada.

correct in weighing large or small
perfectly reliable. \

A combination that will
produce an even grade
- of‘ Butter,

summer.

winter
No
quired. Saves two-thirds
the labor. It will save
its cost twice the first
A RESPONSI-
BLE AG>ENT wanted

Where an Agent is not

and

Ice re-

season.

located. Correspondence
Send for CIR-

CULARS and PRICE-LIST.

solicited.

G. W. Hunt, Mattawan. Van Buren County.

W. P. Herd, Lowell, Kent County.

A. H. Smith, Sparta, “ “

Charles E. Thornton. Rockford, Kent County.
Charles Pittman. Middleville, Barry County.

A. Stegeman, Allegan, Allegan County.

D. P. Newton, Watson, " “

Simeon Staring, Ganges, “ “

E. J. McNaughton. Cooperville, Ottawa County.
Gutelius Snyder, Three Rivers, St. Joseph -‘
Williams Jr Hartshorn. Owosso, Shiawassee County.
0. C. S aulding, Royalton, Berrien County.

P. W. Tllatts. Chelsea.
John Wiebe, Bear Lake, Mauistee County.
J. A. Montage, Niles, Berrien County.

Sears it Messenger, Cassopolis, Cass County.
John Hoffman, Homer, Calhoun Co.

John Adams. Marshall, “

Wattles & Wood, Battle Creek, Calhoun Co.

 
      
 

&s§u._‘:;

S. JO

r

FOR SALE.

The MICHIGAN STATE AGRICULTURAL Connsen of-
fers for sale at reasonable prices

Three Yearling Short-Horn
BULLS

Of approved breeding and from dams of good mllk-
ing qualities. Also

A FEW COWS AND HEIFERS.
All stock registered in American Short-Horn Herd
Book. Call on or Address:

SAMUEL JOHNSON,

16mar4t Aonrcum-uaAL COLLEGE, Lansing, Mich.

' VOL. v., 1882.

The Sanitavry Ezgineer.

The recognized authority on all matters relating to
Public Health, Food and Drug Adulteration, Drain-
age and Water Supply, Steam and Hot Water Heat-
ing, Plumbing and Gas Fitting. Gas and Electric
Lighting, Heating and Ventilation. ,

Questions on any of these subjects will be answered
in the columns of SANITARY ENGINEER, free
of charge. '
The opinions of this journal upon all technical sub-
jects are either prepared or revised by specialists.

OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.

The excellent paper published in this city. and
called THE SANITARY ENGINEER, might add to its
title that of the Practical Philanthropist, for such it
proves itself to be in its constant and clear exposure
of the wrongs and dangers of many of our domestic
and municipal arrangements.—Harper's Weekly.

THE SANITARY ENGINEER isfor sale by all

Smale
Copies 7 Cents. Terms. Three dollarsper year, in

advance, postage paid. Published every Thursday at

140 William Street, New York.

was 5- TON

l5mar2t

WAGON SCALES.

ARE SOLD FOR 360.

A.ll'Iron and Steel. Sold on trial-—freight paid by

us—no money asked till tested and found satisfac-
tory. '

All sizes manufactured.

JONES OF BING-HAMPTON,

Blnghampton. N. Y.
Send for Circulars arid further particulars.

PAW PAW, Mich., May 18th, 1878.

Joiriis or Brsonnr-rox:
 Scales give entire satisfaction. I have subject-
1

to the most severe tests and find it not only
amounts, but

Yours, Fraternally,

[Signed] J’. J. WOODMAN.

3 in—1yr

A. ('3 M E
CREAMER & BUTTER COOLER

I McCALL & DUNCAN, Schoolcrafb,

 

GENTS:

West Washtenaw County. ‘

 
 
  
  
  
 
 

THE SPRING- TOOTH  ON WHEELS

is the implement that must and will supercede all others. The subscriber offers this New'WHEEL
HARROW to the farmers of the Country with entire confidence that for Simplicity of Construction and
Perfection of Work it stands Unrivalled. Send for Circulars.

VVING,

-HOME INSTITUTION OF LIFE INSURANCE

  

; B. J. Wily. Mottville, St. Joseph County.

‘ G. M. Gardner, Litchfield, Hillsdale County.

3‘ J. A. Johnson, Vicksburg. Kalamazoo County.
3 H. C. Call, Glass River, Shiawassee County.

, Wm. S. Palmer, Lansing. Ingham County.

i William Spalding, Hoytville. Eaton County.

y Union Wind Mill Co., Albion, Jackson County.
1 The Bird Wind Mill Co., Kalamazoo. Kal’zoo Co.
u Charles North, Trent, Muskegon and Newaygo 00.
Nathan Winslow, Williamstown, Ingham County.
C. H. Elimes, Grand Blauc. S. E. Geuesee Co.
John Gross, Moorepark, St Joseph Co.

T. H. Res & Co., Dowagiac, Cass County.

S. N. Thomas, Decatur, Van Buren County.
Win. C. Wooley, Elsie, Clinton and Gratiot Co's.
Adams & Rue, Galesburg, Kalarazoo County.
F. L. Elms, Charlotte, Eaton Co.

J. W Rossman, Marlette, Sauilac Co.

Staut At Iugoldsby, Pontiac, Oakland Co.

,<'. ‘*

Address
Schoolcraft. Mich.

Write to Kalamazoo
Publishing Co. for esti-
mates on Printing, Bind-
ing, and Blank Books.

LIFE INSURANCE

FOR PA T1:~ioNs.

The Patrons’ Aid Society of Michigan

WAS ORGANIZED IN DECEMBER, 1880,

to give the Patrons of _Michigan an opportunity to
belong to a

that they could control. As its name indicates, it is
FOR THE MEMBERS OF OUR ORDER AND
FOR THEM ONLY

Its Annual Meetings occur at the same time and
place as the annual session of the State Grange.

his feature was for the express purpose of provid-
ing for a large representation of the members of the
Society at its most important meeting of the year.
when its officers are elected. and‘ without special
notice any amendment to the laws and rules govern-
ing the Societv may be made.

The MUTUAL PLAK adopted by this Society pro-
vides that an Assessment shall be made ONLY
when a member dies, and the amount of that as-
sessment is tixed when a person becomes a’member,
and cannot be increased at any subsequent period.
This assessment is graduated according to age, which
is an important and listinctive feature of this Socie-
ty—one which should commend it to the favorable
consideration of Patrons.

If there are reasons why people should from time
to time pay a small sum from their income or their
earnings, in order to secure to those dependent on
them in an hour of need a sum sufficient to bridge
over the expenses and wants incident to that most
trying period of life, those reasons hold good when
applied to the Patrons of our State.

Applications for membership may be made to

JAMES COOK. J. W. EWING. '
Adrian. Eaton Rapids.
ELIJAH BARTLETT, WM‘. B. LANGLEY,
Dryden. Ceutreville.
R. C. CARPENTER, GEO. W. EWING,
Lansing. . Ross,
Mas. C. K. CARPENTER, C. L. WHITNEY.
Orion. Cinciunafi.
J. T. COBB, A. E. GREEN,
8: boolci-aft. Walled Lake.

or to Local Agents they may appoint.
For By-Laws and Circulars apply to either

WM. B. LANGLEY, Pres’t,

Or J. T. coma. Scc’y. cenu-evfiie.

EVERY FARMER IN THE COUNTRY SHOULD EXAMINE THE

New Combined. Spring Tooth Sulky Harrow
‘ CULTIV.-A'roR AND SEEDER.
THE WOLVERINE
HARROW AND SEED!-JR COMPANY.

Kalamazoo, -

    

 

M Icnlgan.

As a combined machine, it stands un-
’ rivalled in excellence, doing the work of
a Harrow and Seed Sower most thorough-
ly and satisfactorily. It has taken high
‘ rank at once as ONE OF THE VERY
BEST IMPLEMENTS FOR THE USES
DESIGNED EVER IN VENTED. Sows
The Harrow does not trail or clog, is con-

all kinds of grain and gr-353 geedg_
strncted in two Sections. either of whi
working independently of each other. setting the teeth at any required depth. It
is 01 VET? light draft. easily Wo'ked by one pair of horses, and has received the
first premium and diplomas wherever exhibited

Send for Circulars. LORENZO BIXBI; Sway

 

-1-an PATENT IMPROVED

Spring‘ - Tooth. EIAEEOV7

FOR. THE} SEASON OF‘ 1882.

V  —§—~ ._. ‘  ;_: ’___; I
V- ‘ .:.2;—_...r".’ ’ 5

Entering upon our third year as Manufacturers, the most flattering proof of its superiority is the
daily increasing demand for this unrivaled Farm Implement.

Send for Circulars to CHASE. TAYLOR & C0., Kalamazoo, Mich.

_ . - .-‘—' ' ‘“ \-- . , .

This Power easily folded up out of the way when not in use. Just the thing every farmer neofi
who has feed to cut, corn to shell. or anything one or two horses can do. Agents wanted. Send ft!
Circular. Two-horse Power, Jack Belt. and 18 ft. Flat Belt, 840.
janl-tf SMITH 4!: VVOODARD. Manufacturers. Kalamazoo, Mich.

ATRONS’ PAINT oaxs.

Manufacturers ofIn _r;ersoll’s Ixl quid It is b b er
Paint. The only Pa into that do ['11 moist or salt
m'1-oruvurer, the sun, burning on a l,
u'In'a'ls destroy uh I-‘rice.-r low, da-
limerrd ‘rel ht aid to any N0 cash requir-
ed nulfil dlgliorrcd. All write and have
xrut fr!-c Beautiful Color
utrucliuns haw "nu our
I51 [AT W0ltKS, NEW

   
    
 
  

  
   
  
   
  

or funies of
other Paints.
dc,-at in the counlr .
Paint users shun d
Card of the I'rrin¢
ran Paint. Addr
YORK.

   
 
  

itself. with in-
css, PATRONS’

General Commission Merchant,

181 South Water Street, CHICAGO,
BUSINESS AGENT mcnroan swan: GRANGE.

Respectfully Sollolfo Oonolgnlnonto oi
FRUITS, VEGETABLES. BUTTER. EGGS.
WOOL, HOPS, POULTRY, GAME, VEAL,
Grass seed. :a.a.w-‘r*u.:s, Hides, Peltsi. ':'a.11c-w. ace.

BOIIIED IBEIT of the l. W. PBOOIIOE EXOIIAIEE ASSOCIATION,

Olslrforod Fob. ISIII, I377.

 

 

To Patrons and 8hIppers.—'I‘his is the only Commission House in Chicago organ-
lssd and controlled by the Patrons of Husbandry. The chief aim of this Agency is:
1st. Security for Payment to Shippers.
and. To obtain the Highest Market price for goods received, quality considered.
3rd. Quick Sales and Prompt Payment.

shippers in all States will receive equal benefits of this management, the Business Manager
being under Bonds for the faithful performance of the same.

This Agency will fill Orders for any goods in this market, at lowest possible rates. Cash
must accompany the order for near the amount required ; balance to be paid on raceipt of bill-

THOMAS MASON, Business Manager.
 -

MARKET REPORTS, BTENOILS and SHIPPING TAGS sent on application.

GRANGE JEWELS, ‘

01 Every Description, for

AN Y PERSON HAVING

EUBBAROD EQUASE
STATE. COUNTY, AND SUBORDINATE

DRIED OR BVAPORATED APPLES.
GRANGES, . , . .
       B/J.‘C., 

The Best and Cheapest 'ever manufactured for the
Ord-r of Patrons of Husbaudryl: For Price List
address B. H HOMAS, _

Sec-.’y State Grange, P of H ,
Mechanicsburg, Cuinb. 06., Pa.

 

Should at once correspond with

THOMAS MASON,

CHICAGO, Inn.

febltf sclioolcraft, Mich.

15;.b4,g_4m1.t of ,3 Agent Michigan State Grange. nabs: