lm lllum«ruumil:u‘l;gymIuillHmmtt- = SHOULD BE FIRST IJIIPROVED.” SCHOOLCRAFT, MICH., APRIL 1, 1882. .€___,_..________ ___ 3 YOUR SUBSCRIPTION WILL EXPIRE WITH THIS.. VOLUME 8,—NO. 7. WHOLE NO. 135. 5 [Printed by Kalamazoo Publishing Co.) Entered at the Post Office at Kalamazoo our stock will not thrive. Cattle should be Michigan Crop Report, March 1. I882. Root culture, as Second Class matter. fed an abundance of salt in winter, summer, "" W--~ spring and fan. This isaduty that no one ,,,,F,,gr,fg};gggggogggggggg;g§,}>§;;,;§g;;§§g Rm Cobb-'—At the Gatesburs Institute Cw ° ° can eflbrd 30 neglect All 0ee3Sl0r1e1Ir1lX' 750 townships. Six hundred and forty-nine Mr’ Den’ the presiding Omcen Said if time B e - ture of ashes win add to its beneflm Don”; of these returns are from 426 townships in could be found the second day he would call THE TRAMP. spare the salt. This is something that we the southern four tiers of c()untieg_ me to talk on root culture. As every mo- ._—. I - 1 - - . . (ENLARGED) BY WILL CABLETON. can better afford to waste_a little than to shr££lvet%‘;;t'(:)]:Efii'i:nn,;?S:V1r,;2g?°3fieeéflfggfonti ment was occapled Wnh Wm“ W” ‘"1 the - - - “" feed t005PeriflglY- There le 110 better We)’ of cattle and shee and the ros ect for printed program there was no “me for out‘ Pubhshd th F t dFift th f w kd tb 1, ' (1 ‘ta, tn 1; , , pt 3’ p - V 9 °ne,,;.y1,:,'°,,a:11,, 8” 0 9 wfgminer &:;’,;'§hr,f,‘,’§,"§,,_1'}" Wm r "mg than to keep it where stock can go to it at apples and peaches, better than one year Slde mane” A5 the VISITOR reaches the ' But that mortgage worked the hardest and the any and all times. If kept properly salted 33°’ In only three c°“"”e""AlPe"a- Dem‘ ear of thousands who were not at the Inga’ AT steadiest of us all; ', ' they will never eat too much. If cattle have and Gladwin——do the wheat prospects seem tute’ gnd as I consider roots one of the most It kd ‘hts as d ; t kd h to be less roniisin . The total area in - - wor e on mg an un ays l wot a eac not been Salted for 3 long time’ they will Wheatin thge cuuntfis in May, 1881’ was desirable crops togrow, andasl never fail to E ' 5.00. holiday ; ., ‘even Coples for 8 It settled (l0W!l1(flIn0fl1g us, and itednever gventbaway. eat too much at first if placed within their only 821 acres. The condition of Wheat in plant them ‘md never ml” 3' 390a crop» I _ Wlmttwer We ept mm“ ‘teem e'm°° 35 ed 3“ - . the southern four tiers of counties is esti- will tell your readers just how to do it. J. T. COBB, Editor and Manager, the“? . . . reach‘ but If kept salted 9'8 they ought to be’ mated at from 12 per cent better in St. Clair, There 1,, but one way to be sure of 3 big crop, It watched us every minute, and it ruled us right and there is no more danger from this source to 141 per cent better in St Joseph county _ To whom ,,11co,,,mun1c,,t1;,n,, should be addressed, left. _ _ _ than there is of their eating too much wheat where the crop in 1881 wag almost 3 totai I have never grown less than 600 bushels to ‘t s°h°°1°”‘“’ M‘°h' The r“s‘::,:':;,im1;l;g,:1:t.‘V‘re mm "3 mmeumes’ and gtraW_ The essential 13, give them 311 they failure. The average for the 28 counties in the eere» end from that to 300- I never Remittances should be by Registered Letter. Money The d,,,.k_bmwed, ,,,,,,',,,,,,g mortgage was f,,,.e,,e,- 0,, want an the time the southern four tiers is 43 per cent, and for grew a Cl'0p that the labor cost three cents a t . 0r1li;r;;l.ii‘1J?(’£;$b;_Ii1§;1(pl;3lr Ilg;::.$c—kLlyj]_i:ti3;1!ilrti’seNi[:i The dorg)sulin;irl curses at me, and hunt me down the a,fl“ord to look them up, and pay such prices _..;__._:______.__. Talks on Poultry, No. 4. 590—Trial by J ury—Ao'vertisements . . . . . . . . . .. 7 My home is where night flnds me; my friends are as they do for cattle ‘ed in large lots‘ It’ is Advertisements, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 few and cold: much more expensive finding and buying’ _.._ POULTRY HOUSE-CLEANING. r 4 I 1 . l 4 ‘was .19.} 1 ziuw (mm p9.l‘lI(luI(K) pg ti(i1'ilp_iioQ!—_—_ .i.v:-iii_A_t ‘l ‘l ‘um ‘i—Ii5i3iT'~ 1 i1.).n:y\; (qsau d—‘l '1 llD.lIl]\Y 1puo{)~ :>i'u..i.v() ---‘-‘muss .l8d— imm paiudtuoo ‘ s1i.i1¢7la.i su) uompuo_1_— .121."-iris‘ --:7-_-“amiss ia [HIM pamduioo sp.i1:z_oi Asua uoiq 011- littledie ltzilere in this Werld for 0119 Wh°’5 P0“ and cattle picked up one, two and three in a 8.11 O . But I'm wealthy in experience, all put up in good placer d0 not ghipas Wen 35 when the Car" ”" " " ' ' ‘1 110.11? ---'--'-‘juaa .1a(]—'d().l:| 031! -.lv’)A'|l [III .10} SlO8(lSO.Id*—S'5l’I-LIV --- quao ia.1— doio 05" 19 xii (I'll JO} S]C)93(lS0.Id '- S'.-lkI3VfI([ ' -‘mi ‘ Ofllcers National Grange. advice, MJ.B1'nR——J. J. WOODMAN,. . .Paw Paw, Michigan. 0vnnsm:n—PUT. DARDEN, ......... . .Mississippi. Lac'ruana—HENRY ESHBAUGH, .... ..Missouri. Suwuzn-—A. J. VAUGHN, .......... ..Misi-iissippi. Ass-r. Srawaane-WILLIAM SIMS, ...... ..Kansas. Cnur.am—-S. H. ELLIS, .................. ..0hio. TBEA8'UBEB—-F. M. McDOWELL,.... ..New York. 8nonnu.ax—WM. M. IRELAND, Washington, D.C. Gan:-K.ai:i>nn—-0. DIN WIDDIE, ....... . .Indiana. To take or not to take it, with no difference in the price ; , You may have it, an’ thrive on it or run round it, as you please; But I generally give it wrapped up in ,,some such words as these; Worm or beetle, drougth or tempest, on a farmer's land may fall, . But for first-class ruination trust a mortgage ’gainst them all. - load has been fed together. They are much more uneasy in car and yard, and, as a con sequence, shrink more in shipping. For these reasons, these small lots must rely, to some extent,upon the local markets in their vicinity. And these, as a rule, extend to the small feeder no sort of encouragement in well-doing. This branch of the question received some Mottoes are fashionable, and if the poul- tryman wants one for his hen-house, he might have the word “ Cleanliness” framed and hung where it will always remind him of his duty. Everything pertaining to the poultry yard should be cleaned four times a year, and whitewashed twice. Cleanliness, like other virtues, is its own reward. Besides, it pays. Fatlening cattle, No. 5. attention in the first of this series of am» Charlevolx The ‘mist colcnpgetiz gzgmgjoisst "l:;m§8f“;:t - - Cheboygaii enemy 0 suc es , - BYIC. G. “ICE. cles. But its importance, and the fact that C,,,,,,,ew,, . . . t . Fr edom from disease is an its correctness has been questioned in some Clare---~ . . lowed 3 “art 9 01:21:-s—MRS. J. J. WOODMAN, . . . . . . ..Michigan. P9xozu—MRS. PUT. DARDEN, !‘x.oiu—MRS. I. W. NICHOLSON,...New Jersey. Lu»! Assr. S‘.'l'EWABD—— MRS. WM. SIMS, Kansas. Executive committee- D. WYATT AIK.EN,........ .... "South Carolina. H. JAM.ES,...‘. ..... ... ...... ... ........ ..Indiana. W. G. WAYNE, .............. ........New York. Omcers Mlchlgan State Grange. IL-0. G. LUCE, ........ . . .. .......... . . . .Gilead. 0.-—A. N. WOODRUFF,.. . . .. .. .. .Watervliet. CHARLES E. MICKLEY .... ....Thurber. 8.-8. A. TOOKER, .................... ..Lansing. A. 8.—A. E. (:}B.EEN,........ .... .....Farmington. O.—SAliMON STEEL, ..... . .Frankfort, Banzie Co. 'l.'.—8. F. BROWN, ................. ...Sohoolcraft. BIo.—J. T. COBB, ............. . . . . . . . .Schoolc1-aft. G. K.—ELIJAE BARTLETT, . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dryden. O1n.ns.—Mns. A. S. STANNARD, ........ ..Lc-well. Poxolu.—Mns. H. D. PLATT,. . . . . . .. . . .Ypsilanti. FLonA.—M3s. A N. WOODRUFF, . .Watervliet. L. A. S.-—Mns. A. E. GREEN, ....... . .Farming'ton. EXOOUKIVO cOl'fllTI|CtOO- }. Q. A. BUBRINGTON, Chairman, .... ..'I‘uscola. J. WEBSTER CHILDS, .............. ..Ypsilanti. F. H. HOLLOWAY, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Hillsdale. THOMAS MARS, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Berries Center. WM. SATTERLEE, ......... . .. .. . . .Birminghain. Proper facilities and care In watering stock should be given a prominent place. This is essential at all times, winter and summer. Whether the cattle are fed whole 1 or ground feed, in the stable or outdoors, the importance of watering must not be overlooked or forgotten, At all seasons of the year'well, or pure spring water is equal to the best. Of course, part of the year run- ning brook or clear lake water is just as good. But in extreme hot weather it be- comes too warm, and in very cold weather it is too cold, and in many cases diflicult of access. It is never well to rely upon a pond, where the ice has to be opened in the winter while the poor brutes stand around on the pond shivering as they wait for one another to drink. Have seen this done for hours at a time; and just as the patient steer thought his hour had come, and he humbly kneeled down on the ice, and plunged his nose into the hole with bright anticipations of drinking his fill, some envious beast with sharp horns attacks him in the rear, and away he goes to again wait his turn at the hole in the ice; or, cold, discouraged and disheartened, he shakes his head, goes back to the barn without water for the day. With quarters, leads me to refer to it again. With a broad charity, which it was thought commendable to exercise, this short coming was attributable to a want of discriminating knowledge on the part of our beef eating city population. But esteemed friends enter an indignant protest against this assump- tion, and they cry out—-anything but that; charge as with wickedness-of any sort, but with ignorance never. But whatever may be the reason the fact remains tlie same. Our cities and villages do—not buy or con- sume, as a rule, the best beef that is raised and fattened in this State. At Christmas as choice beef will be exhibited in our neatly kept markets as can be found on the hooks in any markets of the world. But that this is not the rule is known to every man who fattens a steer for sale. If any fastidious beef eater is skeptical in regard to this, step into the cattle yards or slaughter house pens that supply any city, and take a good look at the cattle intended for slaughter. Good healthy cattle, surely, but not such stock as the farmer should be encouraged to raise or feed. If the character of the demand can, by any means, he changed by our local markets, the battle for improved breeds and object. You may have a sick horse or cow and thank fortune you have well ones left, but if one chick collapses with lice or dis- ease, the remalnder generally come down like a ten-pin alley. Hen manure is worth saving and using; it sells for $1.00 per barrel around Kalamazoo. If surroundings are kept clean, fowls present a better appear- ance. It is preferable to have roosts movable; they can then be taken out of the hen-house and cleaned first, and be out of the way in cleaning the house. After the house is cleaned, it may be closed, and with a little sulphur and tobacco lighted with a live coal on a shovel, fumigate thoroughly, and allow to remain closed a while. See that fowls are all out, and get yourself out suddenly after lighting the mixture. After the place is fumigated, it should be whitewashed liberally. After the roosts are whitewashed and in place, a spring bottom oil can is just the thing to put kerosene on them, and into cracks and crevices. The old hay or straw in the nests should be burned and the nests whitewashed. After fresh hay is put in, use the patent medicated , _ _ _ _ _' - nest eggs. THOS. F. MOORE, ........ .......... ..Adrian. this System 01' Watering 1t Will be dlflielllt feed is at least half won. If our friends will , . , Coops and hatching room need attention, J. G B-AMSDELL.--. ............. ..Traverse City. t0 make Winter feeding Profitable Of‘ demand of their market-men cuts from the St. Joseph- , _ Dusting boxes may be emptied, white- 0. G. LUCE, J. T. COBB, ....... .......Ex-oficio. course, there are but few of us favored with choices; beeveg’ they can and win be sub. '{,",‘,-°;§"’,13‘f',;,-E-,;:___ . O washed, and refined with dust, ashes and springs 9f water’ But (a good word ml: the plied‘ We ought to eat as good beer as they v"tVr2‘_£‘,’.‘.‘..°’.’f'i“_”_:: ---- flour sulphur. Be particular about good ggagg fluglnagg Agant, Wind 11"” me”) We ‘-‘en make the Winds do in Old England. The farmers will pro- Wexrord .............. —- dusting places; it, is the only way fowls —- pump for "5 W1th°l1l5 mlleh labor 01' greet duce it when there isasteady home demand. - have to keep tbemge1ve5c1egn,gnd is cheap- moms MASON,...................Chicago, Ill. expense. To attain the very best results Ag 1 have med to show they can gfiord to 119. of 5,,“ er than lice or d,se,,,,e_ GEO. W. HILL ....... . - ----Detroit. water should be just as good for the stock as produce no other, 7- _ _ If - h t com late a thorough job 1'01‘ the family l13e- We are Wasting feed In- concluding, I desire to say to those Afarmer from Ohm glves the fonowmg you me 0 P ' t 1; f 1-1 .1‘ tb f ; -4])‘ 1 ruballttle flour sulphur into the feathers of 8 eel” Lacuna" when we.do not look after and provide well who have honored me by a perusal of these {:31-(()):ncl;su:)% coeulallglgnosatlgglsll a qlfggtbl each fowl, and feed a tablespoonful in a P __ fogwaterlng. h .“ k_ t h. ~31-ticles, that I have not the vanity to sup- §vater;h'r The law of compulsory attendance at school, of uniformity of text books, of the proper use of library money, of the addi- tion of ' higher studies, and many other changes are in the linefiof improvement, so that we may hope that the foundation may in time correspond in strength and beauty of perfection with the grand superstructure of our commonwealth that rests upon it. To some of these improvements we will now turn our attention. But a few years ago the burden of education fell upon those who sent children to school. The chan e that made the property of all share t is » burden alike was, and I am sorry to say, is yet, regarded by some as an unjust taxation. They complain that their school tax is equal to or more than all their other taxes; that they have educated their own children and now must help to educate the children of others. These complaints may at first seem to have some foundation in right, but the greater public good attained by this method has outweighed all objections to it. It teaches us first that this great common- wealth of ours—though made up of individ- uals is yet one in interests, that though a man is entitled to the property he may ac- cumulate, yet the protection ‘that a good government and civilized society throws around that property, demands a portion of it. VVithout education it would have to be protected by standing armies, and all the other expensive machinery of despotic gov- ernments. I submit that those who com- plain of high school taxes would not be willing to change them for a tax necessary to protect their property if there were no schools. The old rate bill method was man- ifestly unjust in this, that it afforded pro- tection for nothing to the property of those who sent no children to school. I am assuming, of course, that education is a pro- tecting power. To this assertion I need not call the aid of argument. But we may scarce- ly expect that opposition will cease as long as there are people who are actuated by short~sighted or selfish motives. Preeminently above all other acquire- ments is that of education. It lays the foundation of our greatness as anation in all its departments. It should claim our attention in proportion to its value. Lands and fistocks in the hands of the ignorant yield their possessors only sord-id interest, and the community in which they are located ,rec(-ive still less. It is hard to conceive how a rational en- joyment of property can be realized by the perversely ignorant. If the children are to enjoy the property that is so often left them by loving parents who have accumulated a competence by hard labor, they should be fitted for it by a proper education. But how often is the reverse true? How often with sadness do we bear witness to the fact that “ his children are not as well cared for as his stock.” Whom “he” referred to may be does not matter. It applies to all who are committing this worse than negligence. The uncultivated mind is the worst enemy we have to fear. The life of our Republic is jeopardized in proportion to the extent the ballot is put into the hands of ignorant voters. “ The free state can have no guar- antee of its life, save in the intelligence of its citizens.” It is therefore a primary and fundamental duty of the state to see that its citizens are all educated. With these brief reasons for justifying the so-called onerous school tax we must hurriedly pass on and vi,ew as briefly some of the many subdivisions of this voluminous subject. We must pass the law of compulsory at- tendance without comment, and stop but a few moments on uniformity of textbooks. If it were desirable to put a clog upon the work of the school room, no better one could be invented than the usual multiplicity of text books, dividing the time of the teacher where concentration is the thing sought, so separating the children that the interest in study which should be engendered is dis- sipated. This terrible scourge of our schools has a remedy. The law says the district board shall, not may, prescribe a uniform list of text books to be used, and all others excluded in their district. This is an im- perative duty of the district board, and whether asked for by the inhabitants or op- posed by them, it should be done. This point cannot be too strongly pressed. There is not the shadow of an excuse for neglect- ing it. Every consideration, whether it be the cost of books, or the advantages to be gained by the pupils or teacher, is in its favor. To illustrate. in my own township there are nine schools ; eight have the same books prescribed by the district board, and one has books of all sorts. In those with the uniform books, in schools of about 25 pupils, pursuing from nine to eleven differ- ent studies, we find from 25 to 30 classes to be heard daily ; while in the one mentioned with but nine pupils, pursuing but six dif- ferent studies, there are 42 classes to recite. And what is worse, this is the wealthiest district in the township. I hope some of them are here. What good can a teacher do in such schools compared with the others? They divide and waste the energies of the teacher, they scatter our money and re- sources, and bring to naught the advantages of method and system. Another evil of which very many districts are guilty, and of almost equal magnitude, is the misappropriation of tlielibrary fund. The districts that have applied this fund t.o other purposes have robbed themselves and their children of mental food to fill their pockets with unjust gain. This money does not represent hard earned taxes paid in by the people, and is in no sense theirs to use except in the Way prescribed by the law that gave it. The greatness and glory of a state are its men, and the glory of man is a cultivated mind, and books are as essential to produc- ing that, as the plow and team, the reaper and thresher are to the farm results. The work of the schools should not be merely the acquision of facts, but the teach- er who is worthy of the title aims to stir up a resistless thirst for knowledge which shall reach out for gratification; and the library should be there to meet that want, and sup- I lement the work of the schools in freeing the mind from the thralldom of ignorance. ’Tis education frees the mind of man, And teaches him the universe to scan. It is a lamentable fact, plain to every ob- servant mind, that in every district where books are not read, that the youth are grow- ing up with starved and dwarfed intellects, the merest scrubs of the human race. Books are the great storehouses of knowledge, and we ought to have a profounder faith in them as educational agencies. For many years the cry has been going up that our common schools were not yielding the results theyshould from the money that was being! expended on them. More attention has been paid to this matter dur- ing the last two years than for many years before, and the change of examiners is one of the results. A higher standard of quali- fication in the teacher has been required by them than prevailed with the township superintendents, and this is believed to be the expression of the general desire of the people. Those who said anything about it said give us better teachers, but this was impossible under the township superintend- ency. As a rule, they made the getting of a certificate a very easy matter, or the un- successful candidate in one township could easily step over the line into a neighboring one and try again. The result of a higher standard can but be beneficial to our schools. We should be in hearty sympathy as it is in direct accord with the improvements we are seeking to promulgate here as a body of farmers. The thoroughness of the weeding out process in our county is shown by these figures: Candidates examined, 185; cer- tificates granted, 131 ;-54 failing to pass, or nearly one third. This is for the present winter schools. We are told in the new school law that after January, 1882, Civil Government and United States History will be required of those who intend to teach even in the dis- trict schools in addition to the common branches already taught or required. Why this addition, and why these two especially? Several higher branches have been added of late years to those formerly designated as the common branches for district schools, but the teachers were not required to pass an examination in any of them to get a cer- tificate that entitled them to teach in these schools. The people are using these high- er studies, and it is time teachers were required to know something of what they are trying to teach. These two have been selected, first, we may suppose, because a knowledge of our history and government is the best preparation for citizenship and the intelligent use of the ballot. Their study enger1ai:'l'i5 air}. 15 ; 425 u “ ‘ 540 “ _ STATIONS. V0 22. A . I Accin’tl. . Port Huron ________ __ W Grand Trunk Junction .- ®€JV>&hCA3k\'>l€I-I:v-‘<0-4 c~§§b"253’vv.:-;--x.-98-.’-:a-o P I! ' . .-ttccil1l1l"d‘flAccm'd‘ No. 5. i . ~-\ 10 20 10 35 All trains daily except All trains run by Sunday. Gr-.0. B. Raavas, E. E. G.u.u.wu. Traflc Manager. General Snperlntanddnt. Chicago time. For information as to ntas, apily to E. P. Kenry, boa) Agent, schoolcran, Mich. 4 TEE GRANGE 7151203. @112 Orange giiltiirr. SCHOOLC AFT, - — — — APRIL 1. ! $eml:wis Eehwlmelil. Single copy, one year, .............. -- 50 Eleven copies, one year ............. -- 5 00 To ten trial subscribers for three months we will send the VISITOR for .......... --$1 00 SEJFDQ INF YOUR “CLAIMS FOR PREMIUMS APRIL 4. ms VlSlTOR——APRlL Ist, 1875, AND APRIL 1st, 1882. After the organization of the Michigan State Grange—which work was accomplish- ed on the 15th and 16th days of April, 1873, in the courthouse of the ‘village of Kalama- zoo—and during- the rapid growth of the Order in the succeeding two years, it was often found necessary to give information to Patrons and Granges by circular letter from the Executive Committee of the State Grange, its Master or Secretary. This meth- od was found to be so expensive and unsat- isfactory that during the winter of 1875 the Executive Committee decided to try an ex- periment. By reference to the first issue we find its purpose or object briefly declared in the following “ INTRODUCTORY.‘ “At a late meeting of the Executive Com- mittee of the Michigan State Grange, after due deliberation and discussion, as a _means of more direct and regular communication between the officers of the State and Subor- dinate Granges, it was determined to issue a monthly circular in this form. The Master and Secretary were directed to execute this determination of the Committee and to send two copies of the first issue, and one copy of each subsequent issue to each Subordinate, Grange in the State.” As the Secretary was the only oflicer whose time was supposed to belong to the State Grange, the matter of management from the first largely devolved upon him, and, small as was the sheet and infrequent its issue, the labor and responsibility tow- ered up before our inexperience in colossal proportions, as with fear and trembling we essayed to perform a task imposed upon us by the supreme authority. By reference to our report to the State Grange the following December, we find that at the end of the fiscal year, or nine months from its first issue, we had 540 sub- scribers. The price established at first was the same as now, fifty cents per annum. From a mistaken notion of its character by the postal department of the government, after two issues its name was changed from Oircular to GRANGE VISITOR, to avoid pay- ment of the postage which circulars and transient papers were required to pay. Its original name indicated its object, as already stated. The size of the sheet was 18x26 in- ches, and its monthly issue was continued until January, 1878. By this time so urgent were the demands from Patrons in different parts of the State for something more~than this little monthly sheet, that the Executive Committee deter- mined on a three months experiment of a semi-monthly issue, and also an enlargement of fifty per cent——and no increase in price. Although the expense was more than doub- led, by the growth of our subscription list we got through the year without running behind. No change was made for another year. The improvement in the paper added to the number of its friends and supporters, and the Committee felt justified in ordering another enlargement of fifty per cent on the 1st of January, 1880. And now the VISITOR was an assured success, for this year another thousand were added to its subscription list. The clamor for something more induced the committee toauthorize at the close of this year still another enlargement, and the issue of January 1st, 1881, was a sheet 30x42 inches, or almost three times as large asthe first issue. Estimating both sides, its wider columns, and its general make-up, and its being issued twice as often, we find we are giving more than twelve times as much reading matter for the money as we did the first three years of its issue. We have referred to quantity only, and leave those who have read the paper from the first to pass upon its quality. Establish- ed for a specific purpose, it has not in spirit departed _from it, but by a natural and healthy growth it has, with enlarged ideas ‘ and a more full and complete appreciation of the grand aims and purposes of the Order, added to those objects and builded upon them until the GRANGE VISITOR has ac quired a standing and character second to no periodical published in the State outside of its metropolitan city. With an edition of from 3,000 to 9,000 for the first three months of 1882, it must have at least 20,000 readers. The responsibility of selecting, determin- ing what shall be accepted ,and what rejected, and of talking to this large number of our fellow citizens once in two weeks, is no trifling matter. Having an abiding faith in the principles enunciated in the DECLARA- TION or PURPOSES of the Order, we have endeavored to cultivate and promote those principles, and keep within the safe limits of that noble declaration. To succeed in this is the height of our ambition. For the success that has already attended our efforts, we are largely indebted to the aid and support of many worthy Patrons of this and other States, who have contributed to these columns, and while we shall with unflagging zeal endeavor to promote “the good of the Order” and in so doing promote the general welfare, we must, as heretofore, be aided by our fellow Patrons to insure success. VVe cannot of course always meet the views of all correspondents. One would have us go very much farther than we do in treating any matter that directly or indirect- ly relates to political action; while another fancies that we sometimes tread upon forbid- den ground. But in this there is no serious disagreement that alienates from a common purpose, but with that Charity which is a marked feature of the Order, as occasion arises, We cheerfully agree to disagree, and continue each in his own way to strive and promote the Good of the Order. Believing as we do, that the VISTOR is performing a valuable educational work, we ask all who concur with us in that opinion to enlarge the sphere of its usefulness by aiding to extend its circulation. ._______________.._ JUDICIAL JUSTICE. In this number of the VISITOR we have an article from a business man of Kalamazoo giving his views briefly, not only of the folly of going to law but of the fraudulent character of the judicial machinery in use in this country. Our contributor has referred to a good old way of adjusting differences where small matters are involved, but that plan includes too much real goodness and the application of too much common sense to be of general use. The case referred to has run through a justice court and three terms of the circuit court of this judicial district at a cost to the taxpayers of the county as stated by our correspondent of from $600 to 800; has call- ed from their own individual business and work more than 65 witnesses, the larger part of whom knew as much about the real mer- its of the case as the man in the moon ; has embroiled a neighborhood, from the effects of which it will not recover for months, and may not for years, and if it has not impov- erished the litigants it is safe to say that if they persist in taking more of the same medicine it w'ill in a very few years. And what is all this about? Simply a matter of ownership of one sheep. It is a matter of congratulation with us all that we live in this wonderful age of progress. We hear this referred to every day and we appreciate it as we pick up our daily paper and lead what has happened within the last twenty-four hours in all parts of the earth. And it is no matter of fancy but of fact that evidences of material advancement meet us everywhere and we are prone tolaud our civilization as unex- ampled in the world’s history. But do we have occasion to glorify that branch of it which relates to the department of justice ? We treat this branch of our civilization with quite as much liberality as any other in the matter of preparing for its administration. We establish colleges and universities and endow them, sometimes munificently, at the expense of the people, and talk loudly of our splendid system of education. Our own State has a university, the fame of which is worldwide and to which the public spirited citizen points with pride. This univer- sity has a law department where scores of young men take instruction to qualify them- selves for practice at the bar and the bench. Prompted by a praiseworthy ambition these young gentlemen pore over the dry pages of accumulated legal wisdom to prepare and qualify themselves for what !-— Why, the- oretically, to aid and assist for a reasonable compensation their less fortunate fellow citizens who may chance to disagree upon some question of dollars and cents, to adjust that difference upon such principles of jus- tice and right as the great mass of good com- mon sense people very readily assent to. But really they are preparing for nothing of the kind but are qualifying themselves to a certain extent at the public expense, to live on the people, and without any exact system, they manage to so influence and control legisla- tion that room may be left to cavil and then by rules and usages of courts to furnish the greatest latitude for defeating the very ob- jects for which courts were established. We do not now make this point for the first time, as we have all along insisted that in every other department of our civilization but this we are making progress. In religious opinions there is more tolera- tion, more charity, more fraternity. In mechanical arts so rapid is the progress that the busy man makes no attempt to keep up with the times in any other department outside of that in which he is personally in- terested. In the admistration of the several departments of the government we find the spirit of the age stamped upon its work. To what perfection has our postal system been brought within a score of years. Compared with our national rank and importance our navy is small, yet the improvements intro- duced and the knowledge available for a time of need, have kept pace with the pro- gressive character of the ninteenth century. So in every direction in which we look, un- til we turn to the administration of justice. How that is operated and run is very well illustrated by our correspondent an! by an article from the Salt Lake Tribune on our sixth page. This illustration is a little brash perhaps in statement, but itis substantially true of court practice all over the country. A technical point is worth a score of facts and will override them in court every time. Ostensibly there is a; worthy object sought when a case is brought to court, but the legal profession have provided such a network of intricacy in rules and usages that the prime object for which {courts of justice were es- tablished cannot be reached. We say can- not, in civil cases, because of hindering causes and delays, and the onerous cost of obtaining it in time and money. In crimin- al cases because of the advantage given a culprit of every technicality that human in- genuitv has been able to devise. Practically the administration of justice amounts to this. A horde of well dressed young men educated to some extent at the public expense are annually turned loose upon the community to fatten if they can-— to live upon at all hazards. By their educa- tion, association, and constant connection with legal matters they naturally gravitate to the law making business ; as a result, not wholly chargeable to the profession, a com- plexity of statutes that invite prolonged litigation. But this is by no means the worst feature. The fact that cannot be set aside and which is rapidly bringing .the whole judicial de- partment of this great government into disrepute lies right here. This is a fast age and people are impatient of delay. When they buy athing they want it, and that is but reasonable and right. Now when men go to law they find that the whole machin- ery is run by a body of men that seem only intent on making expense and delay the chief factors in the business. This state- ment needs neither illustration nor argu- ment. One man knows it as well as another and a little better too, if he has ever taken any of this kind of medicine. The legal profession must and will have a living and what they cant get from clients they manage to get from the dear people in some other way. We first buy a law library for the judge. Then employ astenographer to write up all the evidence. Print briefs of the cases for the lawyers, in fact incur all the expense, direct and indirect, that can be made and then every one that can get hold anywhere aids and assists in consuming time by dragging in a thousand things wholly irrelavent. Witnesses are sworn to tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing butthe truth and then comes the tug of war. These learned gentlemen exercise their skill to suppress and pervert such truth as they don’t want and encourage any deception and mis- representation if in a direction to favor their side of the case. Witnesses are treated as without personal rights, insulted and har- assed for a despicable purpose, and nineteen judges out of twenty will sit by and listen to tedious hours of questioning and cross- questioning altogether foreign to the case withoutaword to check on the one hand or protect on the other, and the only justifi- cation offered is, that this course is allowed by the rules of evidence. But we need not enlarge on this subject. It is notorious that tribunals of justice, so called, are so encum bered with forms, technicalties, pretexts and pretenses, that the verdict of the blind god- dess is not obtained while postponements or appeals are possible—always provided the litigants are able to respond to the demand for attorney fees. With willing or yielding clients that have resources, there is no sort of reason with the average lawyer for reach- ing conclusions while it is possible to avoid them. “How not to do it" is the test of skill and the perfection of our judicial system. And it is this systematized fraud upon the rights of individuals and communities that finds the calendars of courts full, from the circuit court of a small district to the su- preme court of the United States which it is said is today three years behind its work. It is this vicious ystem that practically in the name of justice works a forfeiture of the rights of the citizen. And in the name of law, regardless of cost, lays violent hands upon scores of men and women who are often impertinently questioned and insulted by its licensed advocates when the amount involved is too paltry to justify a judicial determination in any court above that of a country justice. The burdens of our j udicial system have be- come grievious and should not be tolerated, not only because they are grievous, but it is a reproach to our civilization, that we toler- ate a judicial system that permits a private dispute about a trifling matter to involve the people of a county in an expense of hun- dreds of dollars. These legal gentlemen talk loudly and learnedly of individual rights, and treat the matter as though communi- ties, had no rights that individuals might not trample upon with impunity if the ap- proach was made through the portals of the courts. ’ It is idle to expect to improve our judicial system as improvements are made in nearly everything else that can be named. But something can be done to relieve a long-suf- fering people from such judicial folly as this sheep case exhibits to which we referred in the beginning of this article, and paral- lel cases are of frequent occurrence in every judicial district of the state. This article is sufliciently long already but we promise to make a determined effort to shut out by legal enactment, these small suits from all courts higher than that of the justice of the peace. The legal gentlemen that the people have in part educated and are in every city and considerable village of the country given a support, without any compensating equivalent in return, will re- sist to their utmost the necessary protective legislation. It remains then for those who suffer, to help thanselves, and the VISITOR invites at- tention to this matter and invokes the aid of the voters of the state to relieve the_ taxpay- ers froin a burden that is both onerous and odious and shield the legal profession from the pitiful spectacle of devoting days and weeks of their valuable time and taxing their cultivated intellects in this public manner while engaged in the profound sub- ject of determining the ownership of ONE SHEEP. OUR AGRICULTURAL DEPARTMENT. Our readers have been favored in this de- partment with a series ofarticles, the last of which appears in this number, from the pen of Worthy Master Luce on the subject of “ Fattening Cattle.” He has given us with sufficient particularity his views on this im- portant branch of. farming. Of course all will not agree with him, so here is room for others to present their methods of feeding, or raise objections to his. His experience to his mind demonstrates the value of the plan he has adopted, and as he is a successful farmer his methods are entitled to careful consideration. With the vast country west of us already famous for its wheat production and with its facilities for reaching the markets of the world the wheat growers of this great agri- cultural State can easily see that they cannot rely on growing wheat as a sure basis of prosperity. The farmers of Michigan must practice a mixed husbandry to prosper, and therefore a better acquaintance with every branch of farming constitutes the basis of success. We desire that this department of the VISITOR shall furnish valuable aid in this direction. We think, from the first, it has been well supplied with instructive matter, and we hope by contributions from practical farmers to be able to maintain its present condition of excellence. .—————————;————-.- VISITOR RECEIPTS (CONTINUED). MARCH. , l3.—Jas M Laughlin, $1.20; D H Denise, 2.00. 15.—Fred W Templeton, $1 00; H M Brain- ard 1.45; H A Greenley. 1.00; Mrs M M Hall, 1.00. 16.——M S Gillette, $2.00. 17.—E E Hewitt, $3 00. 13.--J W Walker. $1.00; L WStiles, 1.00; C A Osborn, 1.50; M E Straight, 10 00; F Campbell. 1 00; Perry Babcock, 2 00; L S Goodale, 1 00. ~ 30.——HC Rawson, $1.00; A .1 Brock, 11 00; A McKelvey. 2.00; A White, 2 00; T J Wi- deinire, 1.50; J E Webb, 1 50; (J R Lamb, 1.00; Alonzo Potter, 4.10; JC Jordan, 3.00; Geo A Marsh, 1.00. 21.—G W Andrews, $2 00. 22.—D KCharles, $3.15; Wm Penny. 1.00; D D Cook, 300; J L Stringham, 1 00. 23.—W S Goodrich, $1 00; Harry Bartholo- mew. 1.00; C Goodnoe, 200; S P Albert- son. 5.00; C A Nash, 1.50; H E Patch, 7.50; N B Scott, 2 50. 24.—MrsM Benjamine, $2.00; S O Smith, 1.00; Wm Thomas, 1 00. 25.——C F Armstrong, $2.10; Andrew Flynn, 1.00. 27.—W P DeYoe, $1.00; A J Norris, 1 00; E R Beats, 4.50; Cyrus, Mead, 1.00. JUST before going to press we received a letter from Bro._ Day. He says that his stock of plaster is being drawn upon to such an extent that at the present rate of shipment his stock will be gone in two weeks, and as he has been furnishing a well-seasoned and well-ground article so far this season, he does not propose to open the quarry and grind green rock to fill orders when the stock now on hand is all sold. He therefore suggests that Patrons go slow and not try to sell this plaster to outside parties. ___.____.____________ A PRIVATE letter received just before go- ing to press from Hon. E. S. Lacy, member of Congress from the Third District of Mich- igan, gives assurance that an effort is being made to anticipate, in advance of its regu- lar order, action on the Burrows Bill, which is amendatory of existing patent right law. Some confidence is also expressed in securing amendments to the Bill before be- ing reported by the ccmmittee having it in charge. ._____;______._._ WE have been notified by the Superintend- ent of Public Instruction, that the Teach- er’s Institute for Kalamazoo county, that had been arranged for the week beginning with April 3d, will not be held at that time as circumstances have made a postpone- ment necessary until the summer series. We hope this notice will not be over- locked by those who may have intended to attend the institute. ___________._________ THE VIsIToR depends on its friends to add to the number of its readers. Those who think it is doing a goid work should re- member this and govern themselves ac- oordingly. APRIL 1, 1882. :——:_"“_ _ DO NOT forget the advantages for canvass- ing for the VISITOR that town meeting day affords. Remember! that to forward five names for the VISITOR with $2 50, will se. cure a large lithograph of the Capitol of the State of Michigan. But little effort will be required to add a thousand names to our list 011 that d8V- Shall we have them ? _________.________ FROM time to time we receive enquiries as to the status of the driven well suit. To which we only answer. it is in court, which means that it is out of the reach of all the stimulating influences which are applied to transactions in the world of business. And we have no sort of idea when any move will be made. The Granges of the State that made pledges are paying their first assess- ment, and we are now well prepared with the sinews of war to meet the aggressive party. EVERY farmer needs fowls; it don’t cost much more to keep a flock profitably than at a loss; a good poultry journal will tell you how to work the business most profit- ably; the Poultry Journal and Record, published by C. J. VVard, 184 Clark street. Chicago, is a live western poultry paper; if we remember correctly it is $1.25 per year; every article and every number should be read by all who keep poultry. ..___.____.______ FRUIT GROWERS say that the peach crop in Michigan the coming season will be enor- mous if not spoiled by late frosts. _______._______ POTASH is an excellent fertilizer for the grape vine. Fork in around the roots in. few peeks of wood ashes. Cow dung con- tains a large portion of potash and but comparatively small amount of nitrogen, consequently it is abetter fertilizer than horse manure for the grape vine. _____________._____ THE Three Rivers Herald says: “A thous- and acres of corn have been engaged of farmers in this vicinity, to be used in the canning factory which is being built in this place. This industry will give work to a great many hands and make a market for garden crops never before thought to be very profitable.” MR. J OHN W, JONES a very successful farmer near this city, reports complete suc- cess in protecting plums from the curculio by the use of air-slacked lime. Three yearsago be conceived the idea and applied it after a large share of the fruit was stung. No fur- ther depredations were made and he had a fair crop. The following year he began treatment earlier and had a full crop, al- though the insect had begun its ravages be- fore he applied the lime, Last year he dis- tributed the lime still earlier, and as the result secured complete immunity from the curculio. The trees were so heavily laden that props would not sustain the limbs and they broke over the supports. The plan is very simple, and all that is required is to scatter air-slaked lime freely over the tree covering the foliage and fruit. -—E’::. .________3____.____ Timber Planting. BY A. H. GASTON, LACON, ILL. Many writers on forestry have overlooked the oak, one of the most common forest trees of America. I will not describe the differ- entkiuds, but recommend extensive plant- ing of the Swamp White Oak, more com- monly known as Burr Oak. It is a rapid grower and completely. hardy everywhere. The timber is more valuable for fence posts, railroad ties,etc., than any other variet . The nuts are as good for fattening hogz, sheep and deer as corn. It is usually an annual and profuse bearer. After 40 years of observation in Ohio and Illinois, I have come to the conclusion that the Burr Oak mast can be relied on as food for hogs like corn. There is no doubt but that one 40- acre grove, 20 years planted, would fatten 40 hogs a year on the average, making an income of at least $400, and a fine pasture lot besides. The timber would be worth in 50 years at least $4,000. Persons wishing to plant an oak forest, should gather the nuts, plant them in the Fall, cultivate two or three years, after that they will take care of themselves. The Black Walnut should be extensively planted. It is self evident. the way that they are being used up, that a few years will exhaust the present supply. Every farmer should gather nuts this fall and plant hull and all along their hedges, rail fences, and waste lands, and creek bottoms, etc. Then in place of planting Osage Orange hedges, we recommend planting walnut about ten feet apart, and using barbed wire.’ In these ways the Black Walnut timber can be re- plenished. Tne VVestern Hardy Catalpa has, within the last few years, been attracting the atten- tion of arboriculturists more than any other variety of timber. It is completely hardy, and a very rapid grower. The timber will last any lengt of time in the ground or lying on the ground. It is as valuable for cabinet making purposes as black walnut; has leaves as large as the sunflower, and is a beautiful flowering tree. It should be in every yard, and planted extensively for timber, fuel and shade. From seed planted the 1st of May last, we raised seedlings, in the last unprecedently dry summer, ranging three to five feet high. with fibrous roots running down in our thin, hot, gravelly soil two to three feet. We are convinced that if the government should plant the “ Great American Desert” west of Kansas with the Catalpa, it would succeed there, and in time put an end to those hot, dry winds that are so destructive to a large portion of our west- ern country. The bark of the Catalpa is as bitter as quinine, and will perhaps be util- ized and in time take the place of that for- eign drug which is manufactured from the bark of a tree, and be worth millions of dollars to America. We would recommend the Governor of the great State of Illinois to follow the example of the governor of our younger sister State of Nebraska, and ap- point an arbor day for A ril, to get up an enthusiasm in forest and ruit tree planting, and teach our boys and girls that eve tree planted is a living monument of the p liter. -—Farmera’ Review APRIL 1, 1882. (4; EEE GRANGE VISITOR. 5 fiiiiiulluial §eiiilmwl- - Fruils for the Farm. Road by W. A. Brown, of Stevensville, at the Insti- tute of Home Grange, Coloma. In a region so favorable for the production of all varieties of fruits grown in northern latitudes as ours, and with the large experi- ence of our people in growing fruits, both for home consumption and for distant mar- kets, it would seem thata paper assuming togive information to the farmers of Berrien county regarding my subject might be con sidered surperfiuous. But as new varieties of fruits are being introduced, some of which may prove acquisitions to the farmers’ fruit garden; and, as in many instances, fruits which are considered the best for market are of too poor a quality to grace the farm- ers’ table, I will endeavor to designate the several varieties of different fruits which I consider the best for the farm. Assuming that the farmer is deserving of a succession of the best fruits, I may name some varieties which the market grower would condemn as being not prolific, not hardy, or as requiring more labor than the professional fruit grower can afford to bestow. The first and perhaps the best fruit of the season is the strawberry. A generation since, this fruit was unknown in its present abundance and perfection. Old meadows and sunny uncultivated places. affording a scant supply of delicious little berries, which were persistently hunted and greed- ily devoured by school children. We can remember our pleasant anticipations when permission was given to go strawberrying. Admonitions were given not to trample down the grass, whichjwere unheeded as we scampered hither and thither, flushing the chattering bobolinks who rose above our heads and chided us for our intrusion upon their domain. A difierence in the size and. characteristics of wild strawberries were observable, and by selecting the best wild varieties and giving them careful cultivation, and by planting the seeds of the most promising specimens a few varieties were propagated which were utilized for the large eastern markets by cultivation. Among the early varieties introduced I remember the Early Scarlet, Hovey’s Seedling. Peabody, and several kinds which have been superceded by newer and better varieties. It is about 25 years since the Wilson’s Albany Straw- berry was introduced, and though hundreds of newer varieties have been brought to notice, it is generally conceded that none of them possess all the qualities which have rendered the Wilson the best strawberry for distant markets. While not condemning the Wilson as a farmer’s berry, I would recommend for the farm garden, Shirts, Cremont, Seedling, Wilson, Sharpless, and Triumph De Gand. These varieties are all among the best in quality, and though a large number of good sorts might be named the farmer who plants and cares for these five varieties need not be jealous of his neighbors who claim to have better berries. Strawberries, if left to run over the ground, multiply very fast by the runners taking root and forming new plants. But if per- mitted to run, the weeds and grasses will, in a year or two, get the start of the berries, and if white clover or June grass once get a firm hold of your strawberry patch, good fruit cannot be expected from any variety, and the only remedy is to plow under and commence again. The Wilson and the Cresent are sometimes called the “lazy man’s berries.” and will hold possession against weeds and grass and continue to bear some fruit, while the neglected J ucun- da, Sharpless or Triumph will be con- demned as worthless if not thoroughly cul- tivated and kept in hills or narrow rows; but as the Wilson and Cresent appreciate good usage, I would serve all alike, and cul- tivate thoroughly. In regard to soil. sandy loam is/the best; but if your garden is clay loam, sand muck, orv gravel, make it of sufficient capacity for a fruit and vegetable garden, and shut out the hens by making a permanent fence of pickets or woven wire on the sides, and moveable pannels of the same material at the ends, thus allowing the horse to do the cultivating. Five rows three and one half feet apart, and ten rods long will produce sufiiicient fruit for a large fam- ily, with plenty for canning, and some to give to neighbors who have none. Put the row of Triumphs in the middle, as they will require the most nursing, and will pro- duce the least and best fruit. Cultivate the same as the vegetable garden adjoining, and let the vegetables and berries change places every three or four years, but take up and reset only one-half of the berries in one year. Do not “kill with kindness” by applying a large quantity of manure, but if your land is heavy clay, mulch lightly late in the fall with straw; and mulch again with short straw just as the berries begin to turn. This is for the purpose of keeping the berries clean during the fruiting season. If a protracted drouth should occur during the fruiting season, water freely. Follow these directions imrlicitly and if you fail to get suflicient berries to pay for your labor, charge the balance over to me. Immediately following strawberries comes the different varieties of raspberries. which are indispensable in the succession of this fruits for the farm garden. The best mar- ket varieties will prove good enough for the garden,and the Mammoth Cluster, Gregg, Black Caps, Keitt, Reder and Brandywine, from among the red varieties, will be found hardy, prolific, and will give a succession of fruits until blackberries are ready for the table. Plant inside of your garden fence the whole length of your inclosure in rows eight feet apart, keep in hills iour feet on the row, cultivating thoroughly, cutting out all sprouts excepting the new canes which come up in the hills. Keep the soil rich and mulch in winter, and again after spring cultivation. This berry will do well in partial shade, and no fruit is so much bene- fitled by a thick mulch during summer as the raspberry. No fruit garden is complete without blackberries, and as there are but few vari- eties which are worthy of cultivation, we will select the two best, viz.: Wilson and Lawton. In making this selection we must give the requisite care and winter protec- tion, as ordinary winters will kill the canes in most localities. The best winter cover- ing is the soil as it will not induce fermen- tation, and is always at hand. ' The Wilson blackberry has a half running cane, which can easily be bent to the ground. The Lawton is more stubborn, but by grappling the canes with heavy mittens they can be brought near the ground and held in posi- tion with a few shovels of earth. If the canes are too strong to bring to the ground, bend in the form of a bow, and use plenty of straw, which can be held in place by em- bankments of earth. Do not murder rasp- berries and blackberries by cutting them during the growing season. The canes may be shortened by pinching in, but with plenty of room it is better to allow the canes to grow as nature designed them. Shorten- ing the bearing sprouts in the spring will improve the size and quality of the fruit. If an abundance of small fruits are grown but few currauts will be required, but the peculiar acid of the fruit is agreeable to most tastes, and a short row of cherry cur- rants, well cared for, should have a promin- ent place in every farm garden. Boys and birds love cherries, but if only two or three trees are planted, the cherry birds will destroy every cherry before the ordinary boy will condescend to eat them; but the cherry is one of the most beautiful roadside trees, and will grow rapidly on any dry soil, without care or cultivation. Do not plant Early Purple Guinea, Black Tar- tarien, or other fine foreign varieties which will collapse with the first severe cold winter, and linger a black, unsightly trunk in the front yard, without sufiicient fruit or foliage to attract the birds; but plant a few Governor Woods, Yellow Spanish. and plenty of Marella Mazzards; and plant the English Red Kent in every nook and corner, and in every by-place. The birds will not take them all, the boys do not like them, but they are excellent for pies, and are the best dried in the whole catalogue. Life is not worth preserving on the farm without grapes and plenty of them from September 1st till New Years. Grape grow- ing is a mystery to most farmers, who having planted the traditionary vine and fig tree, succeed in growing a dense thicket, but get no fruit except the kind the fox in the fable could not reach. As elaborate essays on grape growing are plenty and cheap, and generally complicated and con- founding, I will only name a few varieties which I consider good for asuccession in our climate, and will outlive a system of growing, simple but easily comprehended. There may be better varieties than the fol- lowing, but they are the most reliable, and good enough for a farmer or a king : Hart ford, Worden, Concord, Delaware, and for a long keeper, Diana. Good corn soil is well adapted to the grape. Give plenty of room, vines 20 feet apart in the row, and rows ten feet wide, train to temporary stakes the first two years, and allow only two canes to grow, pinching out all prominent side shoots, and tieing up the leading canes as the growth may need. Cut back the first summer's growth to two feet from the ground; and train two canes to the stake the second summer, same as the first season. The third spring you are ready for your wire trellis, which is cheaper and better that any other support. Stretch firmly two wires, the lower wire two feet from the ground, and the upper wire four feet from the ground. Cut the two canes of second summer's growth back to five feet from the ground. Tie the two canes to the lower wire, and bend to the right and left and secure the three feet of canes firmly to the lower wire ; do not let too much fruit grow this season, but allow the laterals and lead- ing canes to run; do not touch vine during the summer except to tie the leading cane to the lower wire, and the strongest new cane to the upper wire. Winter prune the vine back to two or three buds of the last summer's growth, excepting the leading canes on the wires, which may be allowed to meet the second season after training. Having your trellis full, cut off every win- ter all of the previous sea.son,s growth excepting two buds nearest to the old wood. Do not use the knife in summer, but strong growing canes and laterals may be pinched in from time to time. Grow two rows of potatoes or beans between the young vines the first two years; always cultivate well. and trust luck for grapes. If you have high, dry land, and no peach yellows within 50 miles, you may venture to plant a few peaches, and if killed by winter plant again. If you fail to grow peaches, pears are a good substitute, and the following varieties should be in every farmers’ orchard: Doyne D’Ete; this is the earliest pear, small but very good ; Orland’s Summer, Sekel, Bart- lett, White Duyeme, with Beurel D’ Anjou, and Duchess De Angouleme as a dwarf will form a succession good enough for the farm garden. The mania for planting apples which are considered best for market has diminished the list of about 210 varieties contained in the Michigan State catalogue down to less than a dozen, and the sole merit of most of the market varieties can only be found in their good looks or long keeping qualities. The farmer is deserving of something better than Baldwins, Greeniiigs, Canada Reds, Russets, Ben Davis, and Pennock, and if the farmer selects a succession of 20 or 30 of the best varieties to eat, and invites his city cousins to make a comparison between apples for market and apples good to eat, a revolution may eventually be expected, which will largely enhance the value of the apple product of Michigan. In naming the varieties of apple which should grace the farmer’s table, no one person can be allowed to dictate, as tastes differ, and some varieties will succeed in: one locality, that would be liable to failure in another. In looking through the long list, I cannot do better than to defer to the judgment of T. T. Lyon, President of the Michigan State Horticul- tural society, and will quote from a paper read by Mr. Lyon at the summer meeting of the State society at Battle Creek, June, 1880. My space will not allow me to enum- erate the characteristics of the varieties named, as given in the State Horticultural report of 1880, and may presume that many favorites will be recognized in the list. and that many of the varieties are strangers in the farm orcharcd, whose qualities can be best judged after a fair trial. The following is the list: Early Harvest, Carolina Red June. Early Strawberry, Summer Rose, Primate, Early Joe, Garden Royal, Amer- ican Summer Pearmai_n, Summer Sweet Paradise, Scarlet Pearmain, Mexico, Gravenstine, Clienango, Strawberry. Haw ley, Jefferles, Jersey Sweet, Dyer (Pome Royal), Fall Pippin, Melon, Shiawassee Beauty, Mc(,‘lelen, Hubbardson’s Nonesuch, Belmont, Jonathan, VVestfield Seek-no- further, Northern Spy, Lady Apple, Pomme Gris, Wagner, Snow, Ladies’ Sweet, Paw Paw (Rubicon), Red Canada. I would add to this list Prolipi Beauty (Porter), and Yellow Twig for a long keeper. The annual reports of the Michigan State Horticultural society should be in the libra- ry of every farmer who plants an orchard or a garden. These reports contain the dis- cussions of the local and State societies. which relate the best methods of destroy- ing the numerous enemies of our fruits and vegetables, and the most reliable informa- tion regarding new fruits and garden prod- ucts is promulgated in these discussions. The portfolio of the Secretary, Chas. W. Garfield, of Grand Rapids, contains the most useful quotations and suggestions of the year; and the catalogue of fruits, which is appended to the reports, is carefully re- vised by acommittee from different parts of the State, and the characteristics and adaptability of the most desirable fruits are are given. The Horticultural societies are co-workers with the Grange in every work which tends to improve the farm and the home, and we hope that the fraternal feeling already man- ifested will continue until every horticul- turist will become a Patron, and every Granger will join the Horticultural socie- ties. ‘ Take the Best Grange Papers. And these are the GRANGE.‘ VISITOR, of Michigan, published at Schoolcraft for fifty cents per annum and the Cincinnati Grange Bulletin, 9. weekly paper published at Cin- cinnati at $1.60 per annum. Our Little Grangers, an eight page monthly for fifty cents per aunum or five copies for $2 00. The three papers will be sent to any ad- dress for 2.00. Even change. Address J. T. Cobb, Schoolcraft, or Grange Bulletin Company, Cincinnati. c. L. w. Books for Patrons. Every Grange should have a library, and if they have not begun one, should do so at once. Every Grange library should have a copy of the “ Monitor in the Grange” by Bro. A. B. Grosh, the first Chaplain of the National Grange. The chapter on “Grange Libraries and how to get and sustain them” is worth the whole price of the book and is by no means the most valuable chapter in the volume. Price of the volume, $2.00 Another volume that should be in each and every Grange library is “The History of the Grange,” by Bro. O. H. Kelly, the Worthy Secretary of the National Grange so long. This volume is now out of print. Only a few copies now remain in market. Secure one at once. Get it in the best bind- ing. Price, $1.75. The Mentor and Kelly's history can both be had $3.25. postage paid. Send an order with the above amount to C. L. WHITNEY, 148 West 4th St., Cincinnati, 0. Care Grange Bulletin. dnmmuttiratinnr. Representation in the Slate Grange. In the VISITOR of Jan. let I partially re- viewed Cortland Hill’s article, which ap- peared in a previous number, in favor of continuing the State Grange upon its present basis of representation. In my former ar- ticle I intimated 1 would continue the sub- ject. Although it will be several months before another session of the State Grange will be held, yet the discussion of a subject of so much importance cannot be out of order at this time. Investigation should always be in order with a progressive people, and any subject that will not hear it, is unworthy of our support. The great mass of the people, and farmers especially, investigate too little. If they would investigate more and act upon the results and their good common sense, it would be much better for them. Some men are very anxious for .ofi'lce. They want large salaries and little work. \Vhen the office is secured they are unwill- ing to give it up; they cling to it with a death-like grip. If they are members of legislative bodies, they are not very likely to enact laws reducing their salaries or lessen- ing their chances for re-election. While in some instances the State Grange has been an exception to this rule, in other cases it has not. In 1578 the State Grange in- structed its delegates to urge upon the Na- tional Grange such an amendment to its constitution as would secure to all members of the Order theirjust rights; while at the session of 1880, after numerous petitions had been received, and the committee to whom they had been referred reported in favor of granting their prayer, that report, and the petitions of hundreds of good Patrons, were laid upon the table: that was the end of the matter for that session at least. Now, why did the State Grange treat the petitions of the members of the Order thus? Did the members of that body fear, if the door to the State Grange should be thrown open to all worthy members of the Order, they might be left out when delegates should be elected in the future? Did they do as they would like to be done by? Did they not do exact- ly as our legislative bodies have done by us and our petitions? Brother Hill in commencing his article said: “At every session of the State Grange since its organization petitions have been sent from all parts of the State asking for such achange.” Further along in his ar- ticle he says, “ These objections invariably come from those who have never been able to convince the Grange that they were the most competent persons to fill the Master's chair.” I think the brother is shooting at random, or his weapon scatters too much. He hits many who have filled the Master’s chair and have also been members of the State Grange. The question with us should not be, Has he been through the Master’s office? but, Is he qualified, and does the of- fice seek him ? Does the brother repudiate that grand principle contained in the Declar- ation of Purposes, “which should always characterize every Patron, that the oflice should seek the man and not the man the ofiice? ” If the people would act upon that principle, and refuse to support those ring candidates who by “cheek,” money and manipulation of caucusses and conventions secure their nomination, it would relieve the tax payers very much, by stopping the enor- mous leaks in the treasury caused by dis- honest ofiicials and other plunderers of the government. If the organizing of the State Grange (as some claim) is to secure ability and ex- perience, why allow a Past Master and his wife of years ago precedence over a Worthy acting Overseer or other officer of a Subordi- nate Grange? Some sympathetic Masters and Past Masters think it would be humiliating -to the Master if a subordinate oificer or pri- vate member should be elected delegate in preference to himself, yet we take a private member and place him at the head of State or National Grange, and no one is _humili- ated in the least. The brother says, “Another objection” made “to this rule is that the wives of Mas- ters and Past Masters become delegates by virtue of their husband's election ” “ They say the Master may be all right, but his wife may be a many’; yet she is clothed with the same power that he is.” The brother is of the opinion it will never do to allow dele- gates to be elected indiscriminately from fourth-degree members, because if “ Mr. A. is elected representative and Mrs. B. is chosen to go with him to the State Grange, Mr. B. and Mrs. A. must stay at home,” a storm might ensue which would endanger the lives of Granges, etc. He gives a some- what gloomv picture of the results of such a change, I must confess ; and if I was as san- guineas he is in regard to it, I would not object to the dc-!egate’s wife being a member by virtue of her husband’s election. How- ever, I have no fears of such deplorable results. But suppose some sister, as Master of a Subordinate Grange, should be elected delegate to the State Grange: what would be the status of her husband? Would “sauce for the goose be sauce for the gander? ” Oh no! this rule will not work both ways. But how can the sister delegate attend the session with some other sister’s husband ? It would never do. It would cause a general smash-up (in the brother’s opinion) of Granges. The brother is of opinion that “there is not wisdom enough in the National Grange to make this rule any better,” and after commending the State Grange as an intelligent and business-like body, closes in the belief that the National Grange can never be persuaded to change. it. It is claimed and set forth ii: the Declara- tion of Purposes that the Grange is founded upon the principles of equality; that it knows no North, no South, no East or West; that in the Order there is no aristoc- racy, castes 01' preferment,—yet at the same time and in direct violation of the princi- ‘pies set forth, and of those ofa republican form of government, we allow a State Grange, composed of a favored class, to rule over us. Why is it that the great mass of Patrons are deprived of this inalienable right, which is granted to the most humble citizen of this republic‘? They should and will insist that three-fourths ofthe members of the Order should not be deprived of the right (if elected) to membership in a body which enacts laws to tax and govern them. D. \VoonMAN. NOTICES OF MEETINGS. The next regular quarterly meeting of the Lapeer County Pomona Grange No. :39 will be held with North Branch Grange No. 607, near the village of Clifford, April 13 (second Thursday), 1882. All 4th degree members in good standing are cordially invited to attend. The program includes the follow- ing discussions: Is the Grange beneficial to the farmer? By John F. Muir. Should farmers ship their own the seaboard? E. Bartlett. Is it more profitable to pack butter during summer months; or to sell it as you make it? By the Grange. Which is the most profitable, cookln food for stock, or feeding it in the raw state A. E. Lcavigne. Which is the most profitable stock for the farmers of this county, sheep or cattle? E. Bartlett. We hope members will come well pre- pared to discuss the foregoing questions. Meeting to open at one o’clock P. M sharp. 15mar2t JACOB W. SCHELL, Sec’y. produce to The next meeting of the Kent County Pomona Grange will be held at Grand Rap- ids on VVednesday, the fifth day of April, 1882. All are cordially invited to attend. W. '1‘. REMINGTON, Sec. The next regular meeting of Berrien County Pomona Grange will be held at Bainbridge Grange hall on the 11th and 12th of April, commencing at 10 o’clock A. M. All fourth-degree members are invited to attend and take part in thediscussions of the important subjects that will be presented at this meeting. W. J. JONES, Sec. Co. Grange. The Barry County Pomona Grange will meet with the Rutland Grange on Thursday, the sixth day of April, at their hall in the township of Yankee Springs. Meeting will commence at 10 A. M. sharp. All fourth degree members in good standing are cor- dially invited to attend. The following program has been éirepared for the occasion: Opening of the range. Discussion—The cultivation of sugar-cane and manufacture of sugar and syrup-— opened by Bro. Geo. Brainard. Song by the choir of Rutland Grange. Discussion on the question, Which is the best method of preparing and marketing wool ?—opeiied by Bro. A. C. Towne. Recess. AFTERNOON si«:ssIoN. Essay by Sister Hendershott—subject, Why should not farmers’ daughters receive a scientific education? Song by the choir. Discussion—What form of application and policy should a Farmers’ Mutual Fire Insur- ance Company adopt to best protect the insured and the company ?—-by Bro. M. V. Barker. Recess. EVENING SESSION. Suggestions for the good of the Order. Applications for membership. Conferring the degree of Pomona. - Yours truly, A. PARKER, See. The next regular meeting of Lenawee County Grange will be held with Rome Center Grange on the second Thursday in May, at 10 o’clock A. M., at which time the officers will be installed, and the follow- ing program carried out: Political Economy—Bro. A. H. Briggs. Duties of the Grange to subject of Educa- tion—Bro. James Cook. The Farmer’s Wife-Sister M. A. Briggs. Our Homes—Sister Hattie Beal. The Young People-—-Sister A. S. Bush. Recitation-—Sister Florence Russell. Music—-Weston Glee Club. Duty of Farmers of to day as Citizens-— C. E. Mickley. Further time spent in discussion of papers. The fifth degree will be conferred in the evening. Fraternally, JAMES COOK. Barry County. Mich. Mr. Editor.-—I have given the Ingersoll Liquid Rubber Paint (White) for outside use a good test, and find it in all respects as recommended. It covers as much space and spreads much easier than any other Paint, and costs at least one-third less. I shall use no other in the future, and shall endeavor to induce my neighbors to do the same. I find the Patron’s Paint Works very honorable in business, and who can be trusted by Patrons. Fraternally, John C. Dellen. [See advertisement.—Ei).] Write to Kalamazoo Publishing Co. for esti- mates on Printing, Bind- ing, a.nd:B1ank Books. .——,..-——__ ......-u-.— .4- ‘tin-- 6 ran cannon visions.- APRIL 1, 1882. garlic’ flipaltuieql. WEARY. BY D. E. A. I am weary, oh! so weary, And the shadows darker grow ; Oh l I fain would rest awhile, Till the “silver linings” show. But the way seems dark and dreary, And the clouds are hov’ring low. There is no hand outstretched to help me ; I know not where to go. And I wonder, often wonder If this indeed can be All of life, of love, of heaven, Our Savior planned for me. But through the mist and shadows That hover o'er my way, I hear a gentle whisper, Which ever seems to say 2-- “ Be patient in long suffering; There is a promise given.” And, if we perform each duty well, W'e'll find sweet rest in heaven. WOMAN'S DUTIES AND WOMAN'S RIGHTS. BY M88. L. L. A. First, Monday comes, with all its woes Of empty larder, unwashed clothes- The house all in disorder thrown By what as “ Sunday rest " is known. She has the right, when Tuesday comes, To make the beds and sweep the rooms, To churn the butter, make the bread, And on the table the dinner spread. On Wednesday morning there is need That she should "get around” with speed ; She has no time to read or play, For this, you see, is ironing day. Let's speak of Thursday, it you will, \Vhile she the dinner-baskets fill ; And listen as you pass the door How busily she scrubs the floor. Of labor Friday has its share, Of needle-work and household care: The hose to darn, the clothes to mend, To all the other needs attend. Then Saturday l oh, dreadful day I To leisure hours an enemy. Can woman's heart with pleasure thrill, ‘When midnight finds her toiling still ‘E And while her “lord" shall take his sleep, The right to creep away and weep : So each successive week rolls round, I‘ill “woman's home" becomes a tomb. Ravenna, March 1'1, l8S‘Z‘ Butler Making. An essay read at the Bmncli County Gr-un_::e. March ll, by Mrs. H. W’. Noble. The subject I am to present for be criti- cism of the Grange by request of the “for- thy Lecturer is of importance enough to be handled by a more experienced and abler Writer than I can ever hope to become; but remembering my pledge to perform the duties enjoined by this Order. I will en- . deavor to the best of my ability so to do, only asking much leniency in your criti- cisms of a woman, and not a very strong one either, that does for a family of four, besides hired help and company, the wash- ing, ironing, making, mending, cooking, dairy work, keeping the house in order, does not leave much time to devote to essay writing. If she ever does have an idea worth jotting down, it is sure to occur to her when mixing bread or something else which cannot be deferred just then ; or rer- haps sitting down, with mind all com- posed for writing, when in come the children with noise enough to scatter almost beyond recall all the ideas you have ever col- lected. But to the subject :— \Vhich is the best place for keeping milk and butter, above or below ground ‘-3 My experience in butter making began soon after I promised to love and honor iny pres- ent lite companion——-one of those much-de- rided cumberers of the earth, a farmer. I had a mind to say an independent farmer; and why are they not independent? and why, I would ask, should the calling of farming be rated below the Working class of towns- people? Are not farmers as independent as the pettifogger, doctor, mechanic, and even those almost unapproachable clerks in a dry goods store, measuring ofl‘ calico or others weighing out sugar and handling soap‘? \ My dairy when I began my experience in butter making consisted of one cow, and it has never risen above two in number, excepting once or twice when we milked three for a few weeks; and this milk was manufactured into butter in the most con- venient place at hand, not deeming it of sufficient importance to warrant expending any money experimenting with it, as it was nearly all consumed in the family. This is all the real practical experience I have ever had in butter making, either above or below ground. I have often talked with experienced but- ter makers, and nearly all agree that milk is better kept above ground. My idea of a milk house would be one of stone, or a double walled building having a dead air space between the walls, and if to this could be added a stone floor, with water facilities for keeping it cool, 1 think would be a nice arrangement for milk and butter. Brother Walker, of the Grange of which we were formerly members, built astone milk house, lowered it three feet below the top of the ground, and five or six feet above. It was well ventilated and nicely fin- ished, convenient for manufacturing but- ter. Sister Vvalker told me their milk did very nicely in it, much better than in the cellar. Then another member had a very nice cellar; she thought their milk did well in that. So in discussing the subject I presume you will find those in favor of each method. The thoughts which have occupied my mind most in regard to butter makingis whether it pays to make butter at all, ex- cepting for home use, if we must depend upon the home market for the sale of it. How many butter producers within the sound of my voice know whether they receive a fair equivalent for labor and money invested in this department of the farm for the en tire season. Again, is there distinction enough made by home dealers between good and poor butter to make it an object to produce a superior article. For instance, Mrs. A. is thoroughly intent on making good butter, preaches cleanliness to all concerned in the care of the cows, insists that no food be fed them that will impart a_ bad flavor to the milk, never uses her milk pans, pails or jars for ought excepting milk, washes and scalds them with the greatest care, and dries them in the sun——that great renovator of all impurities. She churns often, works all the buttermilk out, uses the best of salt, makes it into neat rolls or packs it in a thoroughly clean tub, and carries it to market. The dealer looks at it, calls it A No. 1, or gilt edge. She asks the price. “Well, I am paying (perhaps) ten cents.” She turns over in her mind how hard she had worked, how many extra steps she had taken, how much there was to buy, and how little this nice butter brings. Mrs. B. don’t trouble herself about the milking as to whether the men folks are clean or not, any- thing is fed the cows that will increase the quantity of milk, uses her pans to stew apple sauce, or they are made the receptacle for onions, or boiling hot lard which finds its way into every crevice, churns when enough cream has accumulated to make it neces sary, works out what buttermilk is on the surface, uses salt from the barrel in the barn in such quantities as will hide any unpleasant flavor, carries it to market in a dingy old pail, and asks the dealer the price. lie replies, “ I am paying ten cents today. She accepts the price, and congrat- ulates herself that she gets as much for her grease as Mrs. A. gets for her gilt edge, and hasn't worked half as hard. Some of you may think this overdrawn, but I assure you it is not. All this has come under my own observation, so I cannot see much encouragement to make extra butter; and judging from the -past few years, suc~ cessful butter making, either above or below ground, on the farm, is about over. In both the eastern and western States creaineries and butter making manufactur- ies have sprung up, and the owners of these establishments are commanding high prices for their product, and are getting the monopoly of the trade. Home manufac- tured butter cannot compete with them, from the lack of proper facilities, and the cost of producing a small quantity, com- pared with a large one is so much greater. Now, why cannot creameries spring up in Michigan? She is not usually behind her sister States in new industries. Farmers could take their milk to these creameries, have it made of uniform grade, have enough for home use, and the overplus send to the city market where it will command the highest price. Another idea in sending the milk from the farm is it would take so much drudgery incident to the care of milk and butter from the farmers’ wives and daughters. It would give them more time for rest, and more time to attend the Grange, and to cultivate their minds, so that if called upon to write _an essay it would not frighten us so much. Secret and Open Grange Work. Brothers and Sisters of the G'ran_qe:— Among the many interesting subjects dis- cussed in the Grange, there is one upon which, we think, not enough is or ever has been said. \Ve allude to our obligation-— bothas regards secrecy and fidelity. The lessons taught in the Grange room are strict- ly moral and refining in their influence, but if they are disregarded, of course their good intent is lost. The obligation to which every Patron must assent, covers a much greater ground than is comprehended at an initiation, where more or less embarassment or timidity prevents an insight into the im- pressiveness which the lessons, with their moral, are intended to convey; and too often but a small share of the meaning or respon- sibility assumed is remembered. VVe prom- ise to exercise a brotherly love one toward another, in all our deal as well as in our social intercourse, to conform to all the laws and regulations of our superiors, and to guard with fidelity the secret instructions of our Order. Upon ,this point, much more should be said, and most properly, by the Master. There are many conversations that are proper among our own members, which should never be listened to by other ears, and many discussions on points per- taining to our own affairs which should be confined to the Grange room alone. It is not suflicient that the promise of secrecy and fidelity be given, but it- is necessary that it should be fulfilled. The violation is not often due to a wilful-or wrong intent, but to thoughtlessness and want of discipline. There is a broad field for each Lecturer in this direction. and his labor would surely result in much g rod to the Order. Another point to which we would invite attention is that, if an application for men- bership is rejected, no person outside the Grange room should ever know it. This is very important, but it is often entirely dis- regarded. The reasons for this requirement are very obvious. If it were publicly known that a neighbor had been denied admittance to our Order, he would be subject to more or less ridicule and derisive remarks, which could be only to his injury, and could only serve to disgust him with that with which once he was favorably impressed. It is not necessary that even our own members should know by whom among them the applicant was rejected, and the old adage, “ Let not thy right hand know what thy left hand doeth,” would apply admirably to this point. \Vhen work in the Grange does not forbid, the reading of our bylaws and rehearsal of many of the important lessons which we are taught, would surely be of advantage to all members—-and here allow my opinion, that the greatest good resulting from the Grange movement will neve1'_be financially, but in t"e elevation of society, both intel- lectually and socially, uniting in the bond of friendship neighbors, friends and com- munities hitherto estranged. And now, in conclusion, I would say, Let us not put on a priestly robe in the Grange room and ‘go away without. it, but strive to illustrate the virtues of our Order in our own homes, rejecting all hypocrisy, being ever truthful, and never forgetting to culti- uate a forbearing charitv——the greatest virtue of which the human heart is susceptible- toward all mankind. I\IKS. A. S. Paour. Colon Grange, March 8, 1882:. Interesting Grange Meetings. Essay read before Branch Co. Pomona Grange, Feb. 1st, 185;’, by Mrs. H. B. George. My object in giving you my few thoughts to-day is, to contribute my mite in making —the exercises of this meeting interesting, and may be profitable. The Grange is a school, and we may if we will bring within its walls both pleasure and profit. Here we both cultivate the mind and invigorate the body, and may be free from restraint, remembering that we are brethren. The .-ubject assigned me by our W. L. is, How shall we conduct the meetings of this Grange so as to interest all alike, the young and old and both sexes. Like any organization, the Grange is just what its members make it, and its prosper- ity depends largely upon our energy, and zeal. VVe regard promptness, in time of meeting, on the part of both ofiicers and members, as quite necessary. If notice be given that the time of our next meeting be 10 o’clock sharp, and twelve o’clock of that day finds some of us entering the gate, and the Grange still unopened. This shows a lack of interest with us. Then let us be prompt, both in time and attendance, that we may receive all the advantages to be gained in each meeting of the Grange. Our organization is a silent but efiicient educa- tor, intellectually, as well as otherwise. How rapid has been the expansion of mind in some of our brothers and sisters during the few short years of the existence of the Grange. Men and women have learned to think for themselves, and not depend upon the “say so” of a few whom we have been taught to believe our superiors on account of superior advantages in some particular direction. But Patrons have learned that they have rights, and these rights must be respected. Farmers are made to comprehend that they are freemen in the truest sense of the word, and for the highest ends. This is the result of the practical education obtained in the Grange. We understand practical to mean useful- that which may be put into practice in our every-day life. W'ebster tells us that education is, proper- ly, to draw out, and implies not so much the communication of knowledge as the disci- pline of the mtellect. The Pomona Grange was not organized for mere show, but for hard work. That success in a good cause is gained only by perseverance, is taught with- in her walls. Indirectly this organization may reach, through its membership, every member of our Order. Here we may devise plans which shall be of real benefit, and thus be prepared to impart that of which We have received. Our discussions and essays should be va- ried, so as to interest all. The plaster ques- tion, which has been and still is of such importance to our farmers, the “patent gate swindle,” the "drive well extortion,” and a score of other themes, discussed by our brothers, are quite essential in their time, but care should be taken that these subjects be not too much talked about, so as to prove irksome to some less interested in them. To make our meetings of interest_ alike to all, we need to consult the tastes of all, both young and old, of both sexes. Discussions and essays pertaining to the household, viz.: some sister’s method of making bread, butter, pickles, pastry of different kinds, preparing fruit for future use, or even her idea of a good garden, should have a place on the programs; and may be it would be of inter- est to some of our brothers to know if she can suggest aplan for producing a good garden without much cultivation. I think they all know that we despise a weedy one. Some may say that these subjects should be discussed in the Subordinate Grange; true, but they may be made profitable here as well. Plansshould be instituted in this Grange by which we may aid our subordi- nate Granges by means of meetings, lec- tures, and every other available means, to secure a thorough revival of interest every- where, increase our membership and in- fiuence, and to promote the higher welfare of the tiller of the soil. Appropriate subjects for discussion should be assigned to the young members of our Grange, that their minds may be cultivated their ideas brought out, and they be pre- pared to fill our places, in the Order and be better qualified for usefulness in the future. \Ve love to see them in the Grange. I consider good music as an interesting part of our program, although too much neglected. I believe there is musical talent in every subordinate Grange if but put in practice, yet we have in our Pomona Grange never more than two or three sub- ordinates represented. and those often very faintly. \Vhat is more enlivening thana good rousing song. I think our elder brothers and sisters, listen with quite as much interest as the young. No Grange hallshould be considered as completely fur- nlshed, without a good organ, and well- trained choir of singers. VVe should be more in earnest in this matter, and seek to develop this God-given talent. Let us all do well, our life work, ever seeking to pro- mote the best interest of all with whom we have to do, working for the good of our noble Order. For Ourselves Only. Editor Grange Visitor .-—— Reduction in prices “for the benefit of Patrons : no others need apply.” As I read these words, the thought came to me, “What do ye more than others,” if only those identified with the Order are expected to be benefited by it? There are some Christian churches whose members are not expected to join secret so- cieties. Many may not find it convenient to attend, and so do not join. I am aware that the organizing and keeping up of such soci- eties makes expense for the members, but is there any reform that does not cost ? The true patriot works that all may be alike benefited through reforms. If we work only for ourselves and our friends, is not that just. what monopolies are doing ? Mus. A. I'IA’.\llI.T0;\'. Peach Belt, l\Iicli., March 0. W2. A Day of Reckoning. Speculation was never carried on so extensively in this country as at the present time, and there will cer- tainly come a day of reckoning t'or this unnatural and dishonest way of doing business. A mania seems to have seized the multitude to get a living without honest toil, and so men launch into all kinds of schemes and take the most reckless chances in the hope of accumulating fortunes in a few days that in the natural course of events take years of industry and close management to bring about. Most of these ventures are made on borrowed capital. Sometimes they are successful, but oftener prove a. fail- ure. The person who has, loaned the money on the promise of exorbitant interest or a share in the profits of the scheme, is the principal sufferer, and the fellow who had nothing to lose casts about for some other “gullible” who will furnish him more means for some other new venture. And thus the work goes on. Men of all classes, even staid and industrious farmers, are being drawn into the whirlwind or crazeof speculation which is sweeping over the country. On this subject the Chicago Inter-Ocean says: Until recently the buying and selling of stocks and grains on margins was confined to the larger cities, but now there is scarcely‘ a town of 10,000 people without a broker or a bucket;-shop. It is said that a Chicago firm has agents in more than 200 towns in the northwest, tempting people to speculate, and that its commissions from outside deal- ers are ten times what they receive from local custom. These agents enter small towns, open offices, hang out signs, become acquainted with the people, cultivate the acquaintance of the business men, and by telling tall stories of how much money peo- ple elsewhere have made in deals on the Chicago exchange, start a furor for gambling that lasts until the town is “cleaned out;” then they pull up stakes and remove else- where, and go through the same program. There is no way to prevent these confidence games as long as the people will be foolish enough to gamble. The commission men usually do not conduct themselves dishon- estly and make only their commissions, but they offer opportunities for‘ human weak- ness to develop itself, and whether their clients gain or lose they pocket their assess- ment upon credulity and avarice. Lansing has many victims of the craze who know how it is themselves, and the number is rap- idly increa.sing.——Lansing Republican. A SIMPLE barometer can be made by fill- ing a wide-mouthed bottle to within a few inches of the top with water. Then take a common, longnecked flask, and plunge the neck of it into the pickle bottle as far as it will go, and the barometer is made. In fine weather the water will rise in the neck of the flask even higher than the pickle bottle. In wet and windy weather it will fall to within an inch of the mouth of the flask. Before a heavy gale of wind the water has been seen to leave the fiask altogether, _at least eight hours before the gale came to its height. This is the same principle as that of the mercury barometer. Justice. ‘I hate to live in a new country,’ said Jones, ‘ where there is no law.’ ‘ Ker bet yer,’ chimed in Thompson. Law 1s_the only thing that keeps us out of everlasting chaos.” ‘Yes, indeed,’ said a legal gentleman present._ ‘It is the bulwark of the poor man’s liberty, the shield which the strong arm of justice throws over the weak, the solace and the balsam of the unfortunate and wronged, the—” ‘ Oh, Stop ’e1‘.’ remarked a man with one eye. ‘I_won’t have it that way. Lawis the boss invention for rascals of all grades. Give me a country where there is no law and I can take care of myself every time.‘ Now, for instance, when I lived in Ohio I got a_ dose of law_that_ I will never forget. I was in partnership with a man named But- ler, and one morning we found our cashier missing with :»‘33.000. He had dragged the safe and dug out. \Vell, I started arter him and caught him in Chicago where he was splurging around on the money. I got him arrested, and there was an examination. \Ve1l, all the facts were brought out and the defense moved that the case be dismissed, in the prosecution did not made out a case in the name of the firm, and that if there was a firm the copartnership had not been shown by any evidence before the Court. ‘To my astonishment the court said the plea was 0. l{., and dismissed the case. Before I could realize what was up the thief had walked off‘. VVell, I followed him to St. Louis and there I tackled him again, I sent for my partner and we made a complete case, going for him in the name of the com- monwealth and Smith, Butler lb (70, VVell the lawyer for the defense claimed that the money being taken from aprivate drawer in the safe was my money exclusivelv, and that my partner had nothing to do with it; that the case should be prosecuted by me in- dividually, and not by the firm. The old bloke who sat on the bench wiped his spec- tacles, grunted round a while and dismi.-sed the case. Away goes the man again. Then I got another bitch on him and tried to con- vict him of theft, but the court held that he should be charged with embrzzlement. Some years after I tackled him again, and they let him go. Statutes oflimitatlon, you 1-Ieel. VVell, I concluded to give it up. and I l( . “But about four years afterward I was down in Colorado and a man pointed to an- other and said :1—-‘ That fellow hasjust made a hundred thousand in a mining swindle.’ I looked and it was my old cashier. I fol- lowed him to the hotel and nailed him in his room with the money. Now, I says, ‘Billy, do you recognize your old boss?’ and of course he did, Says I, ‘Bill, [ want that three thousand dollars you stole from me, with the interest and all legal and traveling expenses.’ ‘Ah! you do 1" said he.‘ didn’t the court decide that—’ ‘ To thunder with the courts,’ says I puttin’ a sixshootcr a foot long under his nose. ‘This is the sort of legal document that I am traveling on now. This is the complaint, warrant, indictment. jury, ver- dict, and sentence all combined, and the firm of Colt & 00., of New Haven, are my attorneys in the case. When they speak they talk straight to the point of your mug, you bloody larceny thief. This jury of six, of which I am the foreman, is liable to be discharged at any moment. No technical- ities or statutes of limitations here, and a stay of proceedings won’t last over four sec- onds. I want $10,000 to square my bill, or I’ll blow your blasted brains out.” VVell, he passed over the money right away, and said he hoped. there’d be no hard feelings. ‘ Now there's some Colorado law for you, and' it’s the kind for me! Eh, boys!’ and the crowd with one accord concurred in the cheapness and eificacy of the plan by which a man could carry his court on his hip, in- stead of applying to the blind goddessin Chicago and St. ].0uis.—Salt Lake Tribune. How to Make Whitewash. ‘ The following receipt for whitewash is recommended by the treasury department to all lighthouse keepers. It answers for wood, brick or stone. Slack about one-half bushel of unslaked lime with boiling water, keeping it covered during the process. Strain it. and add a peck of salt, dissolved in warm water, three pounds of ground rice put in boiling water and boiled to a. thin paste, halfa pound of powdered Spanish whiting, and one pound of clear glue, dis- solved in warm water; mix these together, and let the mixture strnd for several days. Keep the wash thus prepared in a kettle or portable furnace, and when used put on as hot as possible, with either painters’ or white- wash brushes. THE Chicago Times says: “ Marcus P. Morton, an attorney of’l‘roy,N.Y., purchased of one Bixby a patent covering a. valve used on all cylinder steam fire engines. He has forced the city of Troy to pay him $53,000 royalty, and Ben Butler is pushing his claim against Boston for $-300.000. All the chief cities in the country will be called upon to settle.” Send in your bill against Lansing, and it can be considered along with the bill of the drive-well borer. —Lansing Repub- liccm. FOR SCARLET Fr:vi~:a.——An eminent phys ician of Chicago says he cures ninety—nine cases out of every one hundred cases of scar- let fever,by giving the patient warm lemon- ade mith gum arabic dissolved in it. A cloth wrung outin hot waterand laid upon the stomach should be removed as rapidly as it becomes cold ' THE Alvarado Sugar Refinery closed for the season on Tuesday the 7th inst., having worked over 11,000 tons of beets an increase of 2,000 tons over last year The yield is from M0 to 160 pounds of sugar per ton of beets, This is the only beet—sugar factory in the United States, it appears, which ever made any profits. An English mechanic has invented a horseshoe, composed of three thicknesses of cowhide, compressed into a steel mold and subjected to a chemical preparation. It will last longer than the common shoe, weighs only one-fourth as much, does not split the hoofs, requires no calks, and is very elastic. . To TAKE INK our or Luvmv.——Immerse the part that has the ink on in boiling hot tallow; when cool, wash out in soapsuds, and the linen will be as white as ever. 1"’. .~:. - . 1 ...-am APRIL ,1, 1882. Earths’ fiepaqtment. For the Vrsrroa. THE LITTLE PET. I’m just a little laesie, with a lassie’s winsome ways, And worth my weight in solid gold, my Uncle John- ny says. My curly little noodle holds a thimbleful of sense- Not quite so much as Solomon's, but his was so im- mense .' I know that sugar-plums are sweet; that “ No, my love” means “ Yes ;” That when I'm big I’ll always wear my pretty Sun- day dress. And I can count—’leven, six, nine, five-—and say my A, B, C. Now ruvs you any tafiy, dear, that you could give ‘ to me ? l’m .Bridget's “torment of her life,” that makes her brain run wild, And mamma's “darling little elf," and grandma's “blessed chi1d,” . And Uncle J ohnny’s “touch-me-not,” and papa’s " ’Gyptian queen.” I make them all stand about, you see; that must be what they mean. For opening hard old stony hearts, I've two precious keys. And one is, “Ah, I thank you," the other’s “If you please.” And if these do not answer, I know another trick : I squeeze two mighty tear-drops out— that melts ’em pretty quick. I'm sweet as any lily bed, and sweeter too, I s'pose ; But that's no reason why I shouldn’t rumple up my clothes. Oh! would I be an angel, if an angel never cries, Nor soils its pretty pinafore, a-makin’ nice dirt-pies ? I’m but a little lassie, with a thimbleful of sense, And as to being very wise, I'd best make no pretense; But when I am a woman grown, now don’t you think I'll do, If only just about as good as dear mamma and you? The Benefits of Recreation. Dear Aunt Nina and Cousins .-—As Sweet Briar is so outspoken against aunts I will free my mind about uncles. They are good enough to buy our candies and take us to the shows, but when we want good advice, something that will elevate us in that dignity which Sweet Briar speaks of, give me an aunt every time. The question, should we attend places of amusement while attending school, is in my mind decided affirmatively. First, it rests the mind and we return to our studies with new interest, as we have found that our studies are of practical use in adding to . our enjoyments while in the company of others. Secondly,we learn that the company of those who are educated and refined is more desired and looked up to with more respect. Thus our ideas of manhood and womanhood are elevated and we aspire to reach that position; therefore we are en- couraged to farther advancement in our studies. I expect the next question will be, What, are places of amusement? One word to Sweet Briar. If you have been called Aunt so long that you have lost all respect for the word we will allow youto omit it in commencing your letters. I am happy to welcome you, Aunt Nina. Cheny, March 6, 1882. LINA A New Contributor. Aunt Nina .-—I wish to become a contribu- tor to the Youths’ Department. My opinion is the same as “ Sweet Briar’s,” and think as our kind friends have given us a place in their paper, we should make good use of it. For one I will try and do my share. Through the VISITOR we can debate on questions that would be a great improvement to us. The questions introduced by Sweet Briar are good, and a great deal of deep thought and study might be spent on them. I know by expreience that it is a great detriment to a student to attend places of amusement while attending school. His mind is apt to be on the doings of last night’s festivity, and not on his Iessons,and it is often the case that when the class is called he,knows little or nothing about the lesson, for, as our teacher said, probably there has been a face between him and the book. It is almost an impossibility to keep up with the classes when one attends places of amusement, for the mind is muddled, the body jaded, and we Wish there was never such an institu- .tion as a school established. If all were like me they could not attend school and places of amusement too, for it takes all of my ‘time to get my lessons. If students study for improvement, after a while they will not have to go to places to be entertained, but their minds will lead them to seek knowledge in deeper channels, and then they will be company for them- selves. He or she who fails in particular will in the end he a particular failure. Knowledge is certainly a treasure to be cher- ished above all things. What one learns at school is only a small starting-point which gives one an incentive to seek further in- formation than school books furnish. . There are places one should go for im- provement where a casual thought or ex- pression is given out that makes you desir- ous of going farther. One may go through any quantity of books, but if the mind is not on their reading it will certainly not do them any good. I expect to receive a great deal of useful information in our depart- ment, for I know there is a large amount needed in my case. HICKORY- TEE “ ls Novel-Reading a Delriment to Scholarship? ” In commencing tb_i-s_essay, the language of Horace. translated by Mr. Francis- Examine well, ye writers, weigh with care, What suits your genius, what your strength will bear. Warns me distinctly against trying to lucid ly discuss themes superior to my "talents, and being aware how difficult it will be to prove the benefit derived from perusing novels, I must submit my views to such cold critics as “Granger Girl”. and “ Sweet Bri- ar.” It is with some hesitation that I ex- press my impressions, though I am positive “Aunt Nina” will look favorably upon them. There are so many who entertain a preju- dice against the perusal of novels that to ex- press a sentiment in their favor would be to immediately court the criticisms of the weak, and the cavils of that superstitious class of humanity which cannot discern be- tween right and wrong, and who entertain “follies as they fly.” Some of our brightest intellects—men of profound reasoning—with which the liter- ature of our language is ornamented, were writers of fiction. The great Carlyle, the sage and philosopher of the nineteenth cen- tury, was not so particular about his intel- lectual food that he would not masticate a fictitious production from the pen of the charming novelist Thackeray. Our own Hawthorne, whose writings are admired by the literary world, was none the less learned by composing wild, romantic tales; nor do we suppose the perusal ofa “ Scarlet Letter" or “Marble Fawn” would retard our prog- ress in the translation of Homer, any more than the loss of time—and in fact the'e would be no waste of time, for the brain would be so invigorated that attainments would be more rapid, by refreshing it fre- quently with light literature. The only disadvantage following the perusal of novels is that young people de- vote too much of their time to them, and thus neglect their prescribed studies. But we do not presume that any one eager for improvement would neglect their Virgil and devote all their time to a fascinating Trollope, but rather, after laboring diligently till the brain was dull and the memory confused, read a few pages of their favorite Dickens. What an amount of interesting and in- structive reading may be gleaned from the writings of Hans Christian Anderson ? We do not fear that his “ Only a Fiddler” will retard our progress in the accumulation of knowledge. The brain must be continually feeding upon something, and as it cannot stand the dry boughs of truth all of the time, auxiliaries, like the works of Miss Martineau, revive the drooping spirits and impart new vigor to the tired intellect. Besides, there is such a depth of feeling in such works that while they refresh and ex- hileraie the wasted system, they also stimu- late to renewed efforts of diligence and at the same time make us feel more noble, in- stilling a higher sense of Christianity in the heart. This sketch does not propose to land all novels; there is a class of sentimental love stories which would be better to leave un- touched. But it is improbable that one eager for improvement would leave that bright galaxy composed of such novel- istic talent as Dickens, Thackeray, Gold- smith and our own mourned and accomplish- ed composer, Holland, for the poor stories of a Benedict or a Bront. Could anyone, how- ever prejudiced against novels, read Hol- land’s “Kathrina,” Dicken’s “David Copperfield,” or Goldsmith’s “Vicar of Wakefield,” and fear that such models of “saintliness” and such authentic deliniations of character would be a hindrance to any- one’s improvement, even in a scholastic sense? The perusal of such works is not a hin- drance to scholarship, but partaken of spar- ingly will contribute towards building up a lofty, vigorous intellect. “ WILL.” Snowdown, March 15, ’82. THE REAPER, DEATH. CURTIS -Hamilton and Lafayette Grange, No. 529, has been called upon to mourn the loss of one of its charter members. Sister ELVIRA CURTIS died Feb. 25, of pulmonary disease. In the death of Sister Curtis the Grange has lost a worthy member, our brother a devoted companion, and the family an affectionate mother. How appro- priate the line, “ We shall meet, but we shall miss her.” LYON.—Died at her home in Danby, Ionia Co., Feb. 13, Sister MYBA Lvon, wife of C. T. Lyon, member of Portland Grange, No. 174. By her death the Grange has lost a useful and loved sister, and socizty a respected member. As ex- pressive of our sorrow, it is ordered that the charter be draped in mourning for thirt days, and a suitable expression of our bereavement e entered upon our Grange record. SHAFER.—Died of diptheria, at her home in Wseéaw township, March 3, 1882, Tamar-zsozv Snares, youngest daughter of Bro. and Sister Reuben R. Shafer, aged 14 years, 9 months and 13 days. She has gone, our noble daughter, from ‘earth called away. The loss of her. presence is felt every day By the sad and the lonely, the dear ones at home, For at bloom-time of life she has left them to mourn,- At home with the angels, the good gone before, Freed from earth and its cares everuzore. With kindest of thoughts she may quiet their fears, And her hallowed presence dry all their tears. GOODWIN.-A loved member of Hesperia Grange has crossed the dark river. The Grange adopted suitable resolution of respect to her memory and of condolence with the relatives of the deceased. GRANGE durresfiundenrqg Enterprise in Livingston County. Perhaps it would not be amiss to give the readers of the VISITOR an account of some of the fruits of Grange work in Livingston county. At our county meeting last No- vember it was decided to secure, if possible the course of lectures established by the National Lecture Bureau, and also to hold a Farmers’ Institute, and a State Institute if the appointment could be secured—if not an independent one. We were fortunate enough to obtain four of the five lectures. Brother Thompson and Sister Bristol spoke in Howell, Brother Franklin at Brighton, and Brother Smith at West Handy Grange hall in the western part of the county, Brother Thompson’s was a grand, eloquent lecture; Brother Franklin’s I did not hear, but it was highly spoken of by those who heard him. It was my misfortune also not to hear Brother Smith, and as he spoke but a few days ago have heard no report of his lecture. ‘In regard to Sister Bristol, I feel that I cannot speak too highly of her as a public speaker and a perfect lady. She held her audience as if spell-bound by her words of eloquence and instruction. Some of the citizens of Howell who heard her speak said if she ever came again there would be no hall large enough to hold her audience. These lectures will give dignity to our Order, in the opinion of those outside the gate, and can but be productive of great good. We failed to secure the appointment of a State Institute. having had one but three years ago, but immediately set to work plan- ning one of our own, which was wholly a Grange affair, essayists, choir and all, and since it was such a grand success we will take all the credit. Brother Beal came and delivered one of his popular lectures; Broth- er Wing, of Ann Arbor, was also with us, and we feel that we are under infinite obli- gations to them for their assistance. The court house was well filled at each session; the program was well carried out, the dis- cussions were prompt and lively, and it was altogether a very pleasant affair. The local papers called itaState Institute. It was never advertised as such, and I can see no reason why they should have called it so, unless they were under the impression that nothing less than a State Board of Agricul- ture could so successfully plan and carry on an Institute. The whole was under the direction of our Executive Committe, and the Patrons heartily responded when called upon to write, and I am sure we all feel amply repaid for all the time and labor spent. If we had been timid and faint- hearted and sat down and idly folded our hands we should have lost all these intel- lectual feasts. We appreciate what we labor for, and I believe it is better to be crowded with work in a good cause than to have nothing to do. The Granges in this county are in a fine condition. We have taken the annual Word for our motto, and you may put down Livingston county as one which takes no backward steps in the march of progress. MRS. W. K. SEXTON. Howell, March 7. From Kentucky. Mr. Editor.--Having lately received a sam- ple copy of your valuable paper I was so well pleased with it that I have procured the enclosed list of three months sub- scribers. When these get their papers I shall be sure and get more. Your paper has never visited our county before. We have but one Grange in this county. This Grange, number 1569, has a hall located at Sugar Grove church. It has greatly revived this year and the outlook never was better. We also have a good Templars Lodge or- ganized over four years since. Several of our brother and sister Patrons belong to the lodge and are doing good work in the cause of temperance as well as in the Grange. Our Grange treasury is low but what funds we have we mean to use to the best possible advantage. Our young people here do not engage in this society work, much prefer- ring frivolous amusements to genuine im- provement. Wishing you great success in the work you have undertaken I remain, Yours Fraternally, A. P. DA\'IS, Sec. Union Grange, No. 1569. Water Alley, Ky. s Lent, No. 590. Editor Grange Visitor .-—I do not remem- ber seeing any correspondence in your wel- come VISITOR from Lent Grange, No. 590. Perhaps a short communication might inter- est and cheer some struggling Grange (as ours has been) torenewed effort. We have had along, hard battle for life, buta few of us, just enough to keep our charter for the past year, held the fort. Now we are commencing to build a hall, and many outside are knocking for admission. Bro. and Sister Mayo, of Marshall, deliv- ered aseries of lectures to Granges in our county, which did us much good. Sister Mayo has a pleasing manner on the platform, and holds the attention of an audience. Her lectures are able and spiced with pleasing VISITOR. and amusing illustrations. One is fully impressed that she is thoroughly in earnest. seeking to stimulate her hearers to higher and nobler aims in life, that they may “de- velop a better and higher manhood and womanhood.” Go on, brother and sister, sowing the good seed, and may the Great Master bless your efforts. The VISITOR comes regularly to gladden the homes of not a few of us, and we hope soon to double the numbers. H. M. BRAINARD, Sec. Prairieville, March 1st, 1882. Trial by lury. W'hetherjustice might be dealt out more promptly, with greater certainty and at less cost than is possible under the present cum- bersome judicial machinery, is a question that concerns everybody. It is notorious that many business men prefer to comprom- ise what arejust claims for a few cents on the dollar, rather than incur the dangers, delays and expenses of a legal contest by en- forcing such claims at law. The rules for administering justice are so refined, and technical that the inadvertent omission of a word in the pleadings or the insertion of an unnecessary allegation, frequently causes important cases to be decided directly con- trary to their merits. Instead of being a terror to pettifoggers and ehysters who find their harvest in needless litigation, courts of law seem specially calculated to encourage them and to afford the least possible protec- tion to their clients. It is not to be expected that the lawyers who profit by this state of things should be particularly clamorous for a reform, but the people who suffc-.r_ from it are growing restive and casting about for possible remedies. , In the Nortlz American Review for Febru- ary, Judge Edward A. Thomas of New York takes up the ca.use*for the people, and points out that one cause of the trouble is to be found in the jury system. His argu- ments, if not new. at least show the drift of public opinion. stances which called the jury system into existentence in England and made it a great safeguard ofjustice, have wholly changed, and that the new conditions under which American justice must be dispensed requir- ed a different procedure. The old system is antiquated, expensive, unreliable, and cum- bersome. It is founded in injustice and im- poses unnecessary burdens upon litigants and taxpayers. Leaving out of account the incidental evils constantly arising from “packing” juries, impetus:-ling “ profession- al ” jurors, etc., there are certain evils inher- ent 1n the system itself. To the majority of American citizens jury duty is an onerous burden. They are taken from their offices and farms at a personal sacrifice dur- ing the busiest seasons of the year, compel- led to sit for days or weeks in a darkand ill- ventilated room, often listening to a case in which very little is involved and in which they can feel no special interest, and in some States they are locked up when out of the jury box as if they were criminals. They are required to sift facts and weigh evidence of the most intricate and conflicting character, a task for which they are unfltted by physical discomforts, to say nothing of their lack of training in that business. The juror is called upon to decide disputes be- tween intimate friends and near neighbors of his, well knowing that the defeated party will ever after be his inveterate enemy. If he votes to acquit, he is condemned by law- abiding citizens, and if he convict he is in danger of bodily injury at the hands of the prisoner orphis friends. Prompt and certainjustice from a body of men selected and treated as juries usually are, Judge Thomas holds to be out of the question. and he believes the purposes of justice would be far better secured by sub- mitting the cases to a court composed of one or threejudges. Chancery and equity cases have always been tried by the court without ajury. The trial of civil actions without a jury is preferred in a few States. And it has been found to work satisfactorily. In Wyoming Territory a law was enacted four years ago requiring a legitant who demand- ed ajury trial to deposit a considerable fee with the clerk to be applied in payment of jurors in case the depositor should win the suit. The result is that juries are waived in nearly all small cases and about two thirds of the larger, and courts occupy half the time they formerly did. “ I believe,” writes Judge Thomas, “that in criminal cases, under such a system, justice would be meted out more certainly and speedily, a less num- ber of innocent men would be convicted, fewer guilty ones would escape, packing and manipulating juries would be done away with, crime would decrease, and while hon- orale and talented lawyers would have more business than at present, a certain class known as pettifoggers, jury manipulators and shystcrs woud disappear from court.”- Detroit Evemng News, VVALL PAPI~:R.—Sometirnes spots will ac- cidentally get upon papered walls that de- face-them badly. If it should be a grease spot, a paste of hot laundry starch, made very thick and spread on. while boiling hot, quite thickly over the surface of the spot and left till dry, then rubbed oil‘ with a soft cloth, will remove all the grease and not deface the paper. An ink spot or other dark stain, can be cut out with a sharp pen-knife, pulled off‘, and a. bit of new paper matched and pasted over, which may save the trouble and expense of repapering the whole room. When the paper is dingy with smoke, take a quart of wheat bran, tie it up loosely in a thin bag, and rub Ihe walls with it quite hard. Shake up the bran occasionally, and you will be quite surprised to see how clean and nice it makes the paper look, well pay- ing for the labor of cleaning. When the edges of tne paper start up, a little paste or starch applied with your finger to the under edge and pressed down, with the surface smooth, will keep the walls heat in appear- ance and well preserved.—A FARl\IER’S WIFE, in Country Gentleman. THE Elkhart Journal, in pleading for a more practical education, says : " Let it be remembered that education is not the chips of arithmetic and gran1mar—nouns , verbs, and the multiplication table; education is DOL Greek, Latin, and the air pump. Whileall these are useful, prudence and the respect for right, the power to earn your own bread is of more va1ue,and the foundation of all these should be laid by the teachers in our common schools.” . He shows that the circum-' Alabssti no Is the only preparation based on the proper principles to constitute a durable finish for walls, as it is not held on the wall with glue, etc., to decay, but is a Stone Co- ment that hardens with age, and every ad- ditional coat strengthens the wall. Is ready for use by adding hot water, and easily ap- plied by anyone. Fifty cents’ worth of ALABASTINE will cover 50 square yards of average wall with two coats: and one coat will produce better work than can be done with one coat of any other pre aration on the same surface. For ea c by paint dealers everywhere. Send for circular containin the twelve beautiful tints. Manufacture only by AL- ABASTINE Co. M. B. CHURCH, Manager, Grand Rapids, Mich. HEADQUARTERS FOR LAND PLASTER. LOREN DAY, Grand-ville, Mich., Is prepared to furnish LAND PLASTER, fresh ground, at contract prices. made with the Executive Committee of the State Grange. A large stock on hand of pure, finely-ground LAND PLASTER. Send me your Orders direct. .janl—ly juyl-tf. LOREN DAY. Fislr’s rxrnei-iczur l\I:uuu11 of PARLIAMENTARY LAW Is the cheapest and best. The subject is made so plain that every Citizen or Society member should have a copy. Circular of commendation free. Price by mail pre- paid; cloth, -36 cents; leather tucks. 81.00. Postage stamps received. Address, J. '1‘. Conn, Schoolcraft, or (4 H10. '1‘. I-"IS!-i. (Mention this paper.) Rocrrasrnn, N. Y. K. ”v"ANI3'nNBERé§, MANUFACTURER, HARNESS, WHIPS, BLANKETS, TRUNKS, 826., 92 Monroe Street. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. I take pleasure in presentingto your favorable con- sideration my CASH PRICE LIST of Harness Work ——HAND MADE—all of my own manufacture, and also to return thanks for the liberal patronage I have received from the different Granges throughout Mich- igan. I shall do in the future as in the past—furnish the best goods for the least money. Farm Harness, VVhite Trimmed Breeching, Round Lines, Snaps, Rum Straps, and spread rings, complete, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..$29 90 The same without Breeching, . . . . . . . . . . 26 00 “ “ with flat Lines, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 00 “ “ “ " “ without breech: ,. . 25 00 Double Light Buggy Harness, white trimmed, from . . . . . . . . . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .325 to 30 00 The same, Nickle Trimmed, from . . . . ..835 to 50 00 Single Buggy Harness, with round lines, white trimmed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13 00 Same with flat lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 00 Nickle Trimmed, . . . . . "$15, -€'s1'6, $18, $20 and 2-5 00 ALL ORDERS RECEIVED UNDER SEAL OF THE GRANGE will be shipped at once, and may be returned at my expense if not entirely satisfactory. Address all orders to Yours very respectfully, A. VANDENBERG, 92 Mormon Sraanr. GRAND Bums. FENNO & MANNING, Wlllll COMMISSION MERCHANTS; 117 Federal St., Boston. Consignments Soliciled and Cash Advances Made. Grand Rapids, Michigan, is the most popular agricul- tural und family paper published. This widely circula- ted paper,now in its sixth volume,is published weekly, and sent to subscribers at $1.50 a year including postage. Evcry number contains 8 pages, 40 col- umns of practical agricultural and family reading matter, including full reports of the West Michi an Farmers‘ Club, of which it is the official organ. he publishers offer for the next thirty days to send on receipt of $2.00 THE Wonm) for one year and a copy of “Our Farmer's Account Book," containing 212 pages on fine Ledger paper, a comprehensive sys- tem of book keeping adapted to the wants of practi- cal farmers everywhere. Over 80,000 of these books have been sold within the last year, and in many in- stances farmers have paid itinerant book agents as high as three dollars for them. Every farmer should have one of these account books, but we advise them to send direct to the AGRICULTURAL WonLI>, Grand Rapids, Mich., and receive the account book and THE WoB.LI> for one year for less than the book costs alone. THE WORLD and Grange Visitor one year, and the account book, $2.50. Don’t fail to mention this paper when writing. Address, F. M. CARROLL, Publishers, GRAND RAPIDS, Mich. German Horse and (low Powders. This powder has been in use for Inanyyears. It is largely used by the farmers of Pennsylvania, and the Patrons of that State have bought over 100,000 pounds through their purchasing agents. Its compo- sition is no secret. The receipt is on every box and 5-pound package. It is made by Dr. L. 0berholtzer’s Sons it Co.,‘Phoenixville, Pa. t keeps stock healthy and in good condition. It helps to digest and assimi- late the food. Horses will do more work, with less food while. using it. Cows will give more milk and be in better condition. It keeps poultry healthy, and increases the production of eggs. It is also of great value to them when molting. It is sold at the lowest wholesale price by R. E. JAMES, KALAMAZOO, GEO. W. HILL (E 00., S0 Woonssmes S-r.. Da- rnorr. THOS. MASON, 181 WATER Sr, Cmcsoo, and ALBERT STEGEMAN, ALLEGAN. Put up in 60-lb. boxes (loose), price Emar Cmrrs per 1b., 30-lb. boxes (of 6 6-lb. packages, Tm! Czxrs per lb. GRAPE-VINES. All Leadi ng Varieties in large supply. Warrantod true to name. Prices low. Also, the celebrated W WHITE GRAPE. PRENTIS send stamp for Price and Descriptive List, Also Y Tm" Smut‘: '31-3 iwisrnn, Fredonia, II. . nov.l-yl. 8 APRIL 1, 1882. TEE GRANGE VISITOR. SHORT HORN STOCK. I have for sale a thorough-bred SHOT HORN BULL two years old. A line animal. dark red, and from a good milking family. I reside on Section 18, in the township of Alpine. P. 0. Address, 1’. W. GIBBS, Box 203, GKANI) RAPIDS, MICI-L; aprl3t low rates, a large stock of Evergreen and Ornamen- tal Trees, shade trees. fruit trees, grapevines, straw- berry plants, etc.; 25,000 Norway spruce for hedges, from one to two feet high (transplanted trees) at 85 to 815 per 100. A fine stock of large evergreens at proportionate price. Nursery located on Portage street. Kalamazoo, near the old fair grounds. apr13t ions on HIIIHIII. White Leghorns and H. C. UNDERWOOD, Kalamazoo, Mich. ‘" ”“""““*——'v~ I HAVE FOR SALE Forty Bushels of Mammoth Pearl Potatoes, Ar 81.50 ran BUSHEL, Twenty-Five Busshels of WHITE RUSSIAN OATS. Ar 81.00 pan. Bvsnsn, In bags, to be delivered at Railroad at Pewamo, Ionia Co., Mich. A. W. SHERWOOD. l5mar2t Pewamo, Mich. “BUY THE Bl<3ST!”VV Langshans, Brown and Pekin Ducks. lbmai-4t THE sronfidzn CHURN. The most popular Churn on the market. No floats or dashers inside. The cov- er removed in an instant, and replaced as quickly. Cork packing. that never leaks. The highest award, a SILVER MEDAL, at Philadelphia, 1880, at the largest exhibition of DairyApparatus ever made in this country, after an actual test with the lead- _ . ing Churns manufactured. HIGHEST AWARDS at the leading fairs in 1881. EIGHT Sizas made, with or without pulleys, as desired. Agents Wanted. .3’ Send for Circulars to the manufacturers. MOSELEY & STODDARD M’F’G Poultney, JOHN PRESTON, Pnasssivr, MIcH., lmar-6t Agent for Kent County. __.____.________ lIIose1ey’s Cabinet Creamery MANUFACTURED BY MOSELEY la STODDARD M’F’G CO.. POULTNEY, vnmuoivr. A very neat, com- pact. well furnished and successful dairy utensil. It is a COMPLETE Success in the dairy, and has won important awards when ex- hibited in competi- ' tion wit h other Creamer-ies. Re- ceiving the highest " _ award at the New England Agricul- tural Socisty for G0., - Vermont. the past three consecutive years; also at the Penn- sylyania State Fair, 1880. where the decision was more after a thorough test, in which milk, ice and results were carefully weighed and noted; and at New York. Ohio, and Michigan State Fairs, and at many other fairs at different times. We invite the public to give MOSELE_Y’S CABI- NET CREAMERY a careful examination. as _we believe it will meet with favor with those who wish to purchase a device to raise cream by the cooling process, combined with a Refrigerator. The lower art of all sizes answers the purpose of cooling cham- ber. $’ For Agencies address the manufacturers. JOHN PRESTON, Pleasant, Mlch., lmar-6t Agent for Kent County. TEE ZALAMAZOO INSTITUTE, ' gd tagos to M (1 Women 3‘lIbr:vai:l}i)e tbl ‘I;rualivf;n for businyegzngsedd Id]: Journal giving particulars. W. F. PA/?6‘0/V8, Presf. Garden, Flower and Field 5 E El.‘ 13 OF EVERY VARIETY. BOXES III‘ AISURIEDSPOTPIES Imilhed IRAIIIES Varieties not used to be returned. WHITE RUSSIAN OATS. Special Prices to Patrons on Application. NEW GROCERY PRICE LIST NOW READY; “ SEND FOR IT. GEORGE W. HILL, so Woodbfldge St-. West. Feh.lt1 DETROIT. Mica. 9 A. C M E CREAMER & COOLER A combination that will produce an even grade of Butter. Winter and I No Ice quired. Saves two-thirds the labor. its cost twice the first season. A RESPONSI- BLE AGENT wanted where an Agent is not summer. re- I It will save located. Correspondence Send for CIR- CULARS and PRICE-Lisr. S MCCALL & DUNCAN, Schoolcraft, Mich. solicited. AGENTS: G. W. Hunt, Mattawan. Van Buren County. | B. J. Wily. Mottville, St. J ossph County. W. P. Herd, Lowell, Kent County. ' G. M. Gardner, Lltchfield, Hillsdale County. A. H. Smith, Sparta, “ “ J. A. Johnson, Vicksburg, Kalamazoo County. Charles E. Thornton, Rockford, Kent County. H. C. Call, Glass River, Shiawassee County. Charles Pittman. Middleville. Barry County. Wm. S. Palmer, Lansing. Ingham County. A. Stegeman, Allegan, Allegan County. William Spalding, I-Ioytville, Eaton County. D. P Newton, Watson, " “ Union Wind Mill Co., Albion, Jackson County. Simeon Staring, Ganges, “ “ The Bird Wind Mill Co., Kalamazoo. Kal’zoo Co. E. J. McNaughton. Cooperville, Ottawa County. Charles North, Trent, Muskegdn and N ewaygo Co. Gutelius Snyder, Three Rivers, St. Joseph -‘ Nathan Winslow, Williamstown, Ingham Connty. Williams at Hartshorn. Owosso, Shiawassee County. C. H. Eames, Grand Blanc. S. E. Genesee Co. 0. C. Spaulding, Royalton, Berrien County. John Grose, Moorepark, St. Joseph Co. P. W. Watts. Chelsea. West Washtenaw County. T. H. RI’-ss & Co., Dowagiac, Cass County. S. N. Thomas, Decatur, Van Buren County. John Wiebe, Bear Lake, Manistee County. J. A. Montagu, Niles, Berrien County. Wm. C. Wooley, Elsie, Clinton and Gratiot Co’s. Sears &- Messenger, Cassopolis, Cass County. Adams It Rue, Galesburg, Kalarrazoo County. John Hoffman, Homer, Calhoun Co. F. L. Elms, Charlotte, Eaton Co. John Adams, Marshall, “ J. W. Rossman, Marlette, Sanilac Co. Staut it Ingoldsby, Pontiac, Oakland Co. I I I I I I Wattles la Wood, Battle Creek, Calhoun Co. WHEELS. The subscriber offers this New WHEEL Ce that for Simplicity of Construction and for Circulars. Address Mich. S. J. VVING, Schoolcraft, FOR éAJ:.1=3. The MICHIGAN Surn AGRICULTURAL Connsoa of- fers for sale at reasonable prices. Three Yearling Short-Horn BULLS Of approved breeding and from dams of good milk- ing qualities. Also A FEW COWS: AND HEIFERS. All stock registered in American Short-Horn Herd Book. Call on or Address: SAMUEL JOHNSON , AeaIctrL'rua.u. COLLEGE, Lansing, Mich. PEI-rr«:N-r§.” LUCIUS C. WEST. Solicitor of American and oreign Patents, and Counsellor in Patent Causes. Trade Marks, Copyrights, Assignments, Caveats, and "Mechanical Drawings. Circulars free. 16 Portage street, KALAMAZOO, MICH. aprltf LIFE“ INSURANCE FOR PATRONS. lfimar-it VOL. - V., 1882. The S’am'ta7'y Erzgineer. The recognized authority on all matters relating to Public Health, Food and Drug Adulteration, Drain- age and Water Supply, Steam and Hot Water Heat- ing, Plumbing and Gas Fitting. Gas and Electric Lighting, Heating and Ventilation. Questions on any of these subjects will be answered in the columns of SANITARY ENGINEER, free of charge. _ The opinions of this journal upon all technical sub- jects are either prepared or revised by specialists. The Patrons’ Aid Society of Michigan ' was ORGANIZED IN nscnnnnn, 1880, It; give the Patrons of Michigan an opportunity to long to a HOME INSTITUTION OF LIFE INSURANCE that they could control. As its name indicates, it is FOR THE MEMBERS OF OUR ORDER AND FOR THEM ONLY. Its Annual Meetings occur at place as the annual session OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. The excellent paper published in this city. and called Tna SANITARY ENGINEER, might add to its title that of the Practical Philanthropist, for such it proves itself to be in its constant and clear exposure of the wrongs and dangers of many of our domestic and municipal arrangements.— Harper’: Weekly. THE SANITARY ENGINEER isfor sale by all ‘zewadealers in the United States and Canada. Smqle copies 7 Cents. Terms. Threedollars per year, in advance, postage paid. Published every Thursday at 140 William Street, New York. l5mai'2t THE 5 - TON WAGON SCALES. ARE SOLD FOR 360. sessment is fixed when a person b and cannot be increased at any This assessmen ' All Iron and Steel. Sold on tri.al—!reight paid by us—no money asked till tested and found satisfac- tory. All sizes manufactured. Applications for membership may be made to JAMES COOK, J. W. EWING. Adrian. we Eaton Rapids. ELIJAH BARTLETT, War. B. ‘LANGLEY, den. Centreville. GEO. W. EWING, JONES OF BINGHAMPTON, Blnghampton. N. Y. Send for Circulars and further particulars. Mich., May 18th, 1878. R. C. CARPENTER, Lansing. Mas. C. K. CARPENTER, C. L. WHITNEY. _ .Orion. Cincinnati. J. T. COBB, A. E. GREEN, Srhoolcraft. Walled Lake. or to Local Agents they may appoint. For By-Laws and Circulars apply to either WM. B. LANGLEY, Pres’t, Or J. 1‘. COBR, seé’y, Centrevllle, Paw Paw, Jonas or Bmornx-ron: _ My Scales give entire satisfaction. I have subject- ed it to the most severe tests and find it not only correct in weighing large or small amounts, but I liable. perfect y N Yours, Fraternally, [signed] J. J . WOODMAN. 3 in-—lyr febltf Schoolcrsft, Mich. EVERY FARMER IN THE COUNTRY SHOULD EXAMINE THE New Combined Spring Tooth Sulky Harrow CULTI VATOR AND SEEDER. THE WOLVERINE HARROW AND SEEDER COMPANY. Kalamazoo, . n1|cngg.n_ As a combined machine. it stands on- rivalled in excellence, doing the work of ~ 21 Harrow and Seed Sower most thorough- , ly and satisfactorily. It has taken high ' rank at once as ONE OF THE VERY _, BEST IMPLEMENTS FOR THE USES ” DESIGNED EVER INVENTED. Bows trail or clog, is con- _ 'ght draft, easily worked first premium and diplomas wherever Send for Circulars. LOREJVZO BIXBY, Sec’;/. TEE PATENT ILEPFICWEE Spring - Tooth EIARROV7 FOR. THE SEASON OB‘ 1882. Entering upon our third year as Manufacturers, the most fla daily increasing demand for this unrivaled Farm Implement. Sand for Circulars to CHASE. TAYLOR & ($0., Kalamazoo. Mlch. This Power easily folded up out of the way when not in use. Just the thing every farmer needs who has feed to cut, corn to shell, or anything one or two horses can do. Agents wanted. Send tor Circular. Two-horse Power, Jack Belt, and 18 ft. Flat Belt, $40. janl-tf SMITH &. VVOODARD, Manufacturers, Kalamazoo, Mich. ATRONS’ Iunr ORKS. Manufacturers ofln ,r/e1'soll’.s In‘. - '_ quid Ru b ber Paiut. The only }’a hits that do ‘ V {'1} moist or salt ru'.1-nrwaler.thenni, or fumes of ; "_~ burning coal, u-liirh destroy all mhrr Paints, __ ricrs law, dc- lim-red fr:-1'gIi,t paid to any «la-[mt in the country. .." .. No cash requir- ed until delivered. A ll I'ni'nt users should '- ' write and have .-u-nt ['1-re Bmultiful Color Card of the Pain: ; itself, with in- sctrucliuri.-; how an one Rfiairlt. 4.-ldtlr PATBONS’ y ::: ass, l‘.~l TNT IVORKS, NE’! ' THOMAS MASON? General Commission Merchant, 181 South Water Street, CHICAGO, Btrsrm-:ss sonar mcnroax swan: oruzmz, _ nupuuuny sououo Ionelgnmsnh of FRUITS, VEGETABLES, BUTTER, EGGS, wooL, HOPS, rouncrav, GAME, v1-:AI., G-ran: Seed, Raw E_"'u.-rs. Iiides, Peltc. Taucw. &c. IOIIIEII AGENT of Ills II. N. PIIDIIIICE EXCHANGE ISSOIIIITIOI, Ghortond Fob. IOIII. I877. To Psi:-one and 8hlppsrs.——'rhiu is the only Commission House in Chicago onu- hsd and controlled by the Patrons of Husbandry. The chief aim of this Agency is: ht. Security for Payment to Shippers. Snd. To obtain the Highest Market prloo for goods received. quality ool|lldOl'O1l- 8rd. Quid: Sales and Prompt Payment. Slllpporo in all States will receive equal benefits of thisinansgemont, the Business Ilansgor being under Bonds for the faithful performance of the same. This Agency will fill Orders for any goods in this market, at lowest possible rates. Ossh must accompany the ordsr for near the amount required ; balance to be paid on receipt of bill. THOMAS MASON, Business Manager. -~-' MARIE!‘ REPORTS, STENOILS and SHIPPING TAGS sent on application. GRANGE, JEWELS. .....;::::°“;2“:.... ' DRIED on EVAPORATED APPLES. STATE, COUNTY, AND SUBORDINATE BEANS, CLOVER SEED, Era, E'rc., G-IR:.A.II..\TC3-IEIS, DEPUTIES AND PAST MASTERS. _ The Best and Cheapest ever manufactured for the Should at once correspond with THOMAS MASON, Cmoaoo, ILL. address _ R. H. onus, Sec’y State Grange, P. of B.., Mechanicsburg, Cumb. Co., Pa. Order of Patrons of Husbandr¥.H For Price List Agent Michigan state Grange. lfsbu. 16feb4t—4mlst of in