_.M__ VOLUME 8,—NO. 10. WHOLE NO. 138. 2 [Printed by Kalamazoo Publishing Co.] “T.HE FARMER IS OF MORE CONSEQUENCE THAN THE FARM, 939110;) my 1f.lI£.lq ‘,1 SCHOOLCRAFT, MlCH.,_MAY 15, 1882. AND SHOULD BE FIRST.1M.PROV_E'1).” ,A. ._M_._____________;______ YOUR SUBSCRIPTION WILL EXPIRE WITH THIS.. Entered at the Post Oflice at Kalamazoo as Second Class matter. E112 fitsnididiailst (ENLARGEID) Published on the First and Fifteenth of every month, AT FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM, Eleven Copies for 85.00. J. T. COBB, Editor and Manager, Remittances should be b ’ tered Lette , M Order. or Draft. y Reg“ r may This Edition 3,000. INDEX TO THIS NUMBER. April and May—— Michigan Seedsmen—Thanks——Red Clover—Trees by the Line Fence—Talks on Poul- try, No. 7—Poultry Houses—Kicking Cows. . . . . 1 Our Soldiers’ Graves—A Question for Discussion—— How shall We Make Farm Life more Attractive to the Boys ?—-Address of Welcome——Have a Distinct Mark to Aim at, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 The Pioneers—Lapeer County Pomona Grange—The Other Side—Shiawassee Pomona Grange—Bar- uum’s Temperance Talk—The Origin of the Tides ——Uncle Sammy’s New Medicine-Land-Grant Grabs: How the Railroads have Plundered the Public Domain—Advertisements—Railroad Time- Tables, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 A Secretary of Agriculture—D. M. Ferry dz Co.- Newspaper Independence——Anti-Monopoly — Free Passes for Judges and Legislators——VIsi'ron Re- ceipts (Continued)—A Secretary of Agriculture—A Gritty Son . . . _ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Progress of Patent Law Legislation—-The Sign of Caution—Michigan and its Resources—A.id for the Fire Sufi'erers——A New York State Grange—The Vrsrtron and the Grange—-The Future of‘ the Visi- TOR-—A new Method of Potato Culture——‘J.‘h‘e Apple Tree Borer—N0tices of Meetings 5 Which Shall it Be ?—Reminiscences of the State Grange, No. 2—Blackboard in the Family———Ofiice Beggars-Why is it that our American Women are not as Healthy as they were 50 or 60 Years ago ?— Woman the Mother the Redeemer of the Race-— Morphomania, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 A Swarm of Bees—Mathematics-—Labor—-The Digni- ty of Labor—Labor a Blessing—Farrn Boys—The Reaper Death—Advertisements . ... . . . . . . . . .. . . 7 South Haven and Casco Pomological Society—Mak- ing Crows Useful—Shall we Wash our Sheep—Ad- vertisements, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Oftlcers National Orange. 7 M.As'ran—.7. J. WOODMAN,. . .Paw Paw, Michigan. Ovaasnsa-PUT. DARDEN, ......... . .Mississippi. Lnorunna—I:[ENRY ESHBAUGH, .... ..Missouri. 8amws.an—A. J. VAUGHN, .......... ..Mississippi. Ass-r. Srnwann-—W.lLLIAM SIMS, ...... ..Kansas. Ouu>Ls.nv—S. H. ELLIS, .................. ..Ohio. 'I‘anssUana—F. M. McDOWELL, .... ..New York. 8ncaannr—WM. M. IRELAND, Washington, D.C. Gun-Kanraa--O. DINWIDDIE, ....... ..Indiana. Gnns—MRS. J. J. WOODMAN, ...... "Michigan. Poxonu-—MRS. PUT. DARDEN, .... ..M.issisaippi. I‘nons—MRS. I. W. NICE{0LSON,...New Jersey. Lap! Assr. S'rnwAnr>—MRS.‘ WM. SIMS, Kansas. Executive committee- D. WYATT AIKEN, . . . . . . . . . . . . . .South Carolina. 3. JAMES, . . . . . .._. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Indiana. W. G. WAYNE, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..New York. Dfflcers Mlchlgan State Grange. n.—C. G. LUCE, ........................ ..Gilea.d. o.——A. N. WOODRUFF, ............. ..WBterVliat. 8.—8. A. TOOKER, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..La.nsing. A. 8.—A. E. GREEN, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Farmington. L.—cI[ABLES E. MICKLEY .......... ..Thui-her. 0.-—SALMON STEEL, ..... . .Frank.fort, Benzie Co. 'l‘.—8. F. BROWN, .................. ..Schoolci-art. s;u.—J. T. COBB, ................... . .Schoolcratt. G. K.—ELIJAH BARTLETT, . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dryden. 0lnxs.—Mns. A. S. STANNABD, ...... ..'..Lowell. POIOIA.-—L{38. E. D. PLATT, ......... . .Ypsilanti. rsou.——mna. A N. WO0DRUFF,....Watervliet. L. A. 8.—-Mas. A. E. GREEN, ....... . .Farmington. Executive commutes- ,z, q_'A BURRINGTON, Chairman, .... ..'.l‘uscola. J. WEBSTER CHILDS, .......... ......Ypsila.nti. r. 11. HOLLOWAY, ................... ..Eillsdale. THOMAS MABS, ............... . . Berries Center. wn. ATTEBLEE, ............... . .Birmingham. THO8. F. MOORE, ..................... ..Adi-ian. J. G B.A.MSDELL...................TraverseC1ty. 0. G. LUGE. J. '1‘. COBB, ............ ..Ex-ofiicio. State Buslnoss Agent. IEOHAB MASON, ........ ....... . .Chica8°» Ill. GEO. W. HILL ......................... --Detroit ceneral Deputy. JOHN HOLBROOK .................... Ipeclal Lecturers. fl.I..SttnlII. ...... .........Perr7, shiswanoeofioo In. s. such. .............. ..nncon, Wexford co. Llduw Oanvbtlln ---- --Yrdl-H-«W-Ih*°==-V °°- J. 17. Arbor, Wuhtenaw co. dnmulluval Ewallmul. APRIL AND MAY. BY CELIA THAXTEB. I.—APRIL. Birds on the boughs before the buds Begin to burst in the spring, Bending their heads to the April floods, Too much out of breath to sing! They chirp, “ He -day, how the rain comes down ! Comrades, cud le together! Cling to the bark so rough and brown, For this is April weather. “ Oh, the warm, beautiful, drenching rain 1 I don't mind it, do you F Soon will the sky be clear again, Smiling, and fresh, and blue. “ Sweet and sparkling is every drop That slides from the soft, gray clouds ; Blossoms will blush to the very top Of the bare old tree in crowds. " Oh, the warm, delicious, hopeful rain I Let us be glad together. Summer comes flying in bzauty again, Through the fitful April weather.” II~nAY. Skies are glowing in gold and blue : What did the brave birds say P Plenty of sunshine to come, they knew, In the pleasant month of May ! She calls a breeze from the South to blow, And breath on the boughs so bare, And straight they are laden with rosy snow, And there's honey and spice in the air. Oh, the glad, green leaves ! Oh, the happy wind ! Oh, delicate fragrance and balm ! Storm and tumult are left behind In a rapture of golden calm From dewy mom to starry night The birds sing sweet and strong, That the radiant sky is filled with light, That the days are fair and long ; The bees are drowsy about the hive—— Earth is so wurm and gay l And ’tis joy enough to be alive In the heavenly month of May l —St. Nicholas for May. .__.____M__________.__.___.________ Michigan Seedsmen. Bro. Cobb.-—In September last I found myself in a condition that required the use of considerable grass seed. In order to as- certain where I could get a supply tothe best advantage, I wrote to D. M.. Ferry & C0,, of Detroit, and asked them to send me one bag each of timothy and orchard grass seed for examination and test, and the same day I asked Albert Dickinson, of Chicago, to do the same thing. In both cases the seed was shipped to me promptly, the two bills bearing the same date. In Ferry’s bill the charge for timothy seed was $3.00, for orchard grass seed $3.50 per bushel, with the same stipulated that has been already print- ed in the VISITOR regarding responsibility on a card attached to each bag. In Dickinson’s bill the charge for timothy was $2.80, for orchard grass seed $1.75 per bushel, but no stipulation. Ferry charged 25c. each for bags, Dickinson 20c. I wrote Mr. Ferry informing him of the price in Chicago, and asked if there was not a mistake in his charges. The reply was that the bill was correct; that he "charged that price to consumers.” And I ceased to consume his seed. I prefer to trade with dealers in my own State, but 25 per cent. profit on bags and 100 per cent. profit on seed does not seem to me to be an even thing on “consumers,” and they had better not submit to it if they have much consuming to do. My subsequent orders went to Albert Dickinson, of Chicago, and the second lot was billed at $1.60 for orchard grass seed, the third lot at $1.50 for the same seed, and $2.25 for timothy seed. The seed was all clean and good, so faraslknow, and the transportation from Chicago to Ionia on a half ton of seed costs about $2.62. I know nothing of either of these men except in a business way, and give this in- formation solely for the protection of those who have suffered loss by the combined in- fluence of the grub and severe drouth, and wish to re lenish their denuded fields and head off the weedsso far as possible. ALONZO SESSIONS. Home, May 4, 1882. Thanks. I thank Soil for explaining what ensilage is, but the change of color, the slight acidity would make me fear to use it. The forbidden fruit in the garden of Eden was, I think, that which was slightly decayed; food was in it; it had not become unpleasant to the eye (Genesis, 8, 6, but the slight poison-— what results? Let suffering, d 1: human- i tell if it can. Mrs. . TON. each Belt, April 18, 1883. Red Clover. By W. J. Baal, M. Sc., Ph. D., professor of botany and horticulture in Michigan Agriculture College. The Scotch and English claim that Eng- lish red clover is the strongest, largest and strongest red grown. They say that good red comes from the north of France and Germa- ny, but the seeds are smaller than the Eng- lish and the leafa good deal smaller. The Dutch-grown seed is paler in color, but is very good. British reports say that great quantities of American red clover seed is imported, and it is even smaller in size than the French or German, and is often weak. The reverse state of things has often been no- ticed in this country with many other kinds of seeds as well as with red clover. We see that in each case, after many generations the clover becomes acclimated. In Great Britain two or three varieties of clover are in common use, besides the spe- cies. The latter is Trzjfolium pratcnse. One variety is called Jhgfolimn pratense, var. per- enne, perennial red clover or cow grass. This is described as valuable for purposes for which the red clover is wholly unsuited. It produces only one crop in the year, is fit to out two or three weeks after red clover is in the same condition. The roots are spread- ing and run deeper and the leaves and stalks grow larger. Another is called Sutton’s giant hybrid cow clover. Hybridum trzffolium pratense gigantium Suttoni, certainly a formidable name. It is claimed to be a cross between red clover and cow grass. Then they describe a paleflowered variety and a white flowered variety, both of which are occasionally seen in our fields in this country. Professor James Buckman, one of the best English authorities, says all of these forms of clover are usually much mixed. I have often studied red clover in this country, and can truly say that in flower, and stalk and leaf this plant varies almostas much as Indian corn. Some heads are very lagre, others small. Surely hero’ is -._,g.'7apd chance for any one having the skill’ and patience to select and perfect some improved varieties of red clover which shall be an honor to his name. We need a sort that will root deeper and stand dry weather better. and if possible to have less hair on the stems and leaves; and for some purpos- es, a perennial variety is quite desirable. Many substitutes have been tried for red clover. Among these are white clover, al- sike clover, Italian clover, hop trefoil, yel- low clover, lucerne, or alfalfa, saint foin, vetches, cow peas, peas, lupines melilotus. lotus, vetchling and others, all of which be- long to the same family as red clover, viz.: leguminosae. Some of these have met with marked success in certain places for certain purposes, but as a general thing, none of them begin to come up to red clover in val-. ue. Alfalfa stands dry weather better. Melilotus is famous for bees and may yet turn out to be a first class plant for green manuring. Numerous other forage plants take the place of red clover where red clover would be preferable. Care should be taken to examine seeds which come from the east, as they may con- tain the seeds of a parasite called cuacuta (doder). On the experimental grounds of Perdue university, Indiana, last year, Professor Ingersoll found some of this est. Too great pains cannot be taken to era icate it at once. A small vine winds about the stems of clover and sticks to them sucking the very life out of the clover. It is not yet common in the West. CLOVER FOR SIX YEARS IN SUCCESSION. Lawes and Gilbert, of England, speak of the total amount of green clover obtained in six years from a good garden soil as nearly 126 tons per acre——equal to 26} tons of hay, or to an average of 4% tons of clover hay per acre per annum. The produce was consid- erably increased by the application of gyp- sum, and still more by the application of phosphates of potash, soda and magnesia and superphospate of lime. In four years the increase, by the use of gypsum, amount- ed to about 15} tons of green clover or about 3; tons of hay—nearly one ton per acre per annum. The increase in the four years by the use of the alkalies and phosphates, amounted by pstimate to 1% tons increase of hay per acre per annum. Fourteen acres of clover were cut in six years. In an experi- mental field near by, clover could not be se- cured, even for a moderate crop, during the six years, without reseeding. USING CLOVER TO KILL CANADA THISTLES AND OTHER WEEDS. J. S. Woodward, of Lockport, New York, is a farmer of close observation and marked good sense. At my request he furnishes the following on this topic: “Canada thistles have long underground stems or root-stocks, nearly devoid of roots. These root-stalks store up nourishment during the latter part of summer and fall for pushing the upright growth in the spring from the eyes. The spring growth is mostly fed from the root- stalks. If early plowing cuts off the up- right stems another set will follow, and so on with several times plowing. If we let the plants grow till near flowering. the root- stalks will be nearly exhausted. I kill the thistles without the loss of a crop, as follow: Have the land rich, if possible, at least have it well seeded to clover and by top dresssng with plaster. ashes, or by some means get as good growth to the clover as possible. As soon as the clover is in full bloom, and here and there a thistle shows a blossom, mow and make the crop, thistles and all into hay. Thistles make good hay at this time. After mowing apply a little plaster to quickly start the c over; you will find this to come much quicker than the thistles. As soon as the clover has a good start, from July 20th to August 5th, plow down, being careful to plow all the land and to fully cover all growth. Then roll down and harrow at once, so as to cover every thistle entirely up. But few thistles will ever show themselves after this, and they will look pale and weak. When they do show cultivate thoroughly with a cultivator having broad sharp teeth, so as to cut every one off under ground. In two days, go over with a sharp hoe and cut off any that may have escaped the cultiva- tor. \Vatch and when you see any coming up again, follow the same plan with cultiva- tor and hoe until freezing up. You Will see them getting scarcer and scarcer each time and looking as though they had the con- sumption. Follow this plan faithfully, and my word for it, you will never see a thistle again unless it comes from the seed. By plowing the field just before freezing up, you will have the land in the finest condition for a spring crop. This plan not only kills this- tles, but I have found it most efiicacious in clearing the lands of all noxious weeds, much better than any summer-fallow, and without the loss of any crop.” ' cnovnn snannn WITHOUT ANOTHER. CROP. In my article for the Clover Leaf last year I spoke of success in this way on a number of different- years. In a recent prize essay in the transactions of the Highland Society, of Scotland, the author says, “ To suit cer- tain conditions of soil, the sowing of grass seeds without a crop has recently been adopt- ed on several farms with great success.” He adds, " It is surprising that it is not more generally practiced where a regular system of rotation is not observed.” As a good crop is obtained on the year of sowing, it need not interfere with a good rotation. In the year 1877, the weather in autumn was quite wet in many parts of Michigan, and clover seed was much damaged. I obtained samples of about forty lots from different parts of the State, and tested their vitality. Over 86 per cent germinated. A high average for good seeds is 00 per cent. I began some test of clover seeds saved this fall, which has been quite remarkable for wet weather. The room was rather cool a part of the time, and the results are not _uite satisfactory at the time of writing 81658 notes. The average was 84 per cent of good seeds. I think the average would be much better with a good test. Further tests have been made with light and dark seeds. Two hundred and fifty seeds of each were taken from the same lot. Of these 2-10 of the dark germinated, and 244 of the light seeds. The light seeds are a little ahead this time. In the spring, two small beds 4x6 feet were planted side by side at the same time. The seeds for one bed were all dark, those for the other were all light. While young, the bed from dark seeds seemed to be most vigorous, but later in the season no difference could be seen. The plate will be further studied next year. _ Trees by the Line Fence. The question has often arisen whether the fruit which grows on the branches of a tree overhanging the land of a neighbor, belongs to the owner, to the neighbor, or both. The rules are now pretty well established, though in the past they were somewhat contradict- ory. If the stem or trunk of the tree grows so close to the line that parts of its actual body extend into each, neither owner can cut it down without the consent of the other, and the fruit is to be equitably divided. If the stem of the tree stands wholly within the boundary line of one owner he owns the whole tree with its products, although the roots and branches extend into the property of the other. There is an old rule of law that the latter might claim from the yield of the tree as much as would be an off-set for the nourishment it derived from his estate, but this is now obsolete. The law gives the land-owner on whose soil the tree stands the right to cut it down at his pleasure, and to pluck all the fruit from it while it stands. In New York State the courts have decided that trespass for assault would lie by the own- er of the tree against the owner of the land over which its branches extended, if he pre- vented the owner of the tree, by personal violence, from reaching over and picking the fruit growing upon the branches, while standing on the fence dividing the lands. The owner of the land over which the branches extend may lop the branches close to his line. He may also dig down and cut the roots square with his line, if he so elects. In plain terms, if no portion of the trunk is within his line hemay refuseall trespass of the tree on his premises, either above the ground or below it. But if he gives the tree license either to extend its roots under the soil or to hang its branches over his premises he does not thereby gain any right to its fruit. He cannot pick it for himself nor interfere with the picking by the owner as lon as the lat‘- ter remains in the tree or on the ence which divides the property. This right to the fruit does not, however, permit the other owner to come upon the soil on the other side of the line to gather the fruit, and all the fruit which falls without violence to the ground on that side may thus become the property of its owner.—Albany Evening Journal. . __._____.._____..___ _ A BROOKLYN man advertises a wder to f‘cure cats and dogs of somnambu ism.” It is put in a gun; Talks on Poultry. No. 7. ’ FANCY JGGS AND FANCY l’R.l<‘ES. The chicken fever served up as a mild epidemic among the farmers of Michigan is "a consummation devontly to he wished for.” Not that Michigan is lagging behind, but that she might take her place at the head. Years ago a farmer in Pavilion said he believed every egg a farmer raised cost him five cents. Another farmer in Portage to whom we paid some money for corn rather irreverently remarked, “ Lord! going to feed that to hens? Why, I should think you would rather sell the corn.” VVe kept itemized accounts, so the remark didn’t sink very deep. Each of these gentlemen now keep as fine flocks of pure-bred poultry as you could wish to see. Michigan farmers are awake in the day-time, and the present high price of eggs and poultry are causing demands for the best breeds for either eggs or meat, and we wish to remind them that the best is the cheapest. People inexperienced in the poultry business often think, “ Why should I send away and pay two or three dollars for a dozen eggs? Neighbor So and So keeps Brahmas, Leghorns or Cochins, as the case may be.” My good Granger, Neighbor So and So does not keep as good {owls as the man who asks two or three dollars per dozen for his eggs. The breeder who raises high- bred poultry must maintain breeding pens; his fowls are registered with a registration fee of fifty cents each; they are birds which have had extra care and taken prizes at fairs; excellent knowledge and judgment are essential in mating (hr fowls to pnduce th. best results; eggs are carefully kept and shipped per express packed in little baskets; then expense of advertising and corres- pondence — considering all these items of expense, and the fact that it is a business that mlist be tended to immediately, a reliable party who chargesrtwo or three dollar‘per dozen for such eggs makes no more profit than you do when you sell Wheat for one dollar per bushel. ANOTHER MATTER. Among almost 10,000 subscribers of the GRANGE VISITOR. thousands are successful turkey raisers. From years of experience, much good. For the VISITOR of June 1st, we wish as many short items on turkey- raising as the good Grangers of Michigan will send us; about the breed you refer; in setting the eggs—where, when and)whether you use a turkey or common hen; how long after hatching you leave the turks under the hen; their first feed and when; their after care and feed, and anything you may know about turkey-raising. You say you are busy? So are we. Simply write a postal card, if time is limited. If you lack experience, remind your neighbor Granger of this. Address to Brother Cobb, who sanctions this, and wishes a generous response. Please_ write so that it will reach us by Friday, May 26, sharp. Experience teaches that now is the best time to don thing. Please remember this means YOU’. Grand View Farm,} OLD POULTRY_ Kalamazoo. Poultry Houses. A poultry-house may be quickly and ef- fectively cleaned out by first using an old broom and removing cobwebs, dust &c., and cleaning the floor with ashovel. Then take half a bushel of lime and slake it in a barrel. If one of the syringe or fountain pumps used I01‘ washing windows can be procured the lime wash may be syringed all over the in- side, forcing the lime into every crevice and cranny, and thoroughtliy cleansing them. The lime that falls on the cor will sweeten that. When the work is done turn out the refuse lime for the fowls to pick at.—-Poultry Nation. Kicking Cows. J. T. Frisbie, of N. Y., says: I once had acowleft forme to milk for a few weeks, which was the worst kicker I ever knew, being vicious to the last degree, and the only cow I was ever afraid to milk. Whippin and kindness were alike of no avail, an strappin up the foreleg did no good, for she won d kick just as well standing on three legs as on four. We were at last told to buckle a sur single tight about the body just in front of the bag and over the hi , and we found we had her, for though s e could jump up and down, she could not kick. To put it on we secured her head in the stauch ons, and passing the strap round her body just back of the forslegs, slippld it A dozen of eggs as. will average about 1} poun .-av» ._; ,2-vu . - .-. «..m TEE QRANEE VZSEEQRQ MAY 15, 1882. OUR SOLDIEWS GRAVES. BY W'ILL CARLTON. Cover them over with beautiful flowers, Deckthem with garlands, those brothers of ours, Lying so silent by night and by day, Sleeping the years of their manhood away— Years they had marked for the joys of the brave; Years they must waste in the mouldering grave. All the bright laurels that waited to bloom Fell from their hopes when they fell to the tomb, Give them the meed they have won in the past, Give them the honors the future forecast, Give them the cbaplets they won in the strife, Give them the laurels they lost with their life. Cover them over. yes, cover them over, Parent and husband, brother and lover l Crown in your hearts those dead heroes of ours, And cover them over with beautiful flowers. Cover the faces that motionless lie, Shut from the blue of the glorious sky, Faces once decked with the smiles of the gay, Faces now marked with the frown of decay. Eyes that looked friendship and love to your own, Lips that the thoughts of affection made known, Brows you have soothed in the hours of distress, Cheeks you have brightened by tender caress. Oh! how they gleamed at the nation's first cry ! Oh! how they had streamed when they bade you good bye! Oh ! how they glowed in the battle's fierce flame ! Oh ! how they paled when the death angel came! Cover them over, yes, cover them over, Parent, son, husband, brother and loverl Kiss in your hearts those dead heroes of ours, And cover them over with beautiful flowers. Cover the hands that are lying untried, Crossed on the bosom, or low at the side, Hands to you, mother, in infancy thrown, Hands which you, father. clasped close in your own, Hands, where you, sister, when tried and dismayed, Hung for protection, and .counsel, and aid, Hands that you, brother, in loyalty knew, Hands that you, wife, wrung in bitter adieu ; Bravely the musket and sabre they bore ; Words of devotion they wrote in their gore, Grandly they grasped for a garland of light, Catching the mantle of death-darkened night. ' Cover them over, oh, covei them over ! Parent, son, husband, brother and lover, Crown in your hearts those dead heroes of ours, And cover them over with beautiful flowers. Cover the feet that all weary and torn, Hither by comrades were tenderly borne : Feet that have trodden in flowery ways Close to your own in the old, happy days. Feet that have pressed in life's opening morn Roses of pleasure, and death’s poisoned thorn, Swiftly they rushed to the help of the right, Firmly they stood in the shock of the fight. N e’er shall the enemy's hurrying tramp Summon them forth from their death-guarded camp; Ne’er till the bugle of Gabriel sound, Will they come out of their couch in the ground. Cover them over, yes, cover them over, Parent and husband, brother and lover. Kiss in your hearts those dead heroes of ours, And cover them over with beautiful flowers. Cover the hearts that have beaten so high,_ Beaten with hopes that were born but to die, Hearts that have burned in the heat of the fray, Hearts that have yearned for the homes far away, Hearts that beat high in the charge‘s loud tramp, Hearts that fell low in the prison’s foul damp, Once they were swelling with courage and will, Now they are lying all pulseless and still. Once they were glowing with friendship and love, Now their great souls have gone soaring above. Bravely their blood to the nation they gave ! Then in their bosom they found them a grave ! Cover them over, yes, cover them over, Parent, son, husband, brother and lover ! Kiss in your hearts those dead heroes of ours, And cover them over with beautiful flowers. Cover the thousands who sleep far away ! Sleep where their friends cannot fi_nd them to-day, Those who in mountain, and hillside, and dell, Rest where they wearied, and lie wherethey fell. Softly the grass blade creeps ‘round their repose, Sweetly above them the wild floweret blows, Zephyrs of freedom fly gently o'er head, Whispering prayers for the patriot dead. So in our minds we will name them once mo So in our hearts we will cover them o'er. Roses and lilies, and violets blue, Bloom in our hearts for the brave and the true. Cover them over, yes, cover them over, Parent. son, husband, brother and lover! Think of these far-a-way heroes of ours, And cover them over with beautiful flowers. When the long years have rolled away, E’en to the dawn of earth’s funeral day, When at the archangel’s trumpet and tread Rise up the faces and forms of the dead, _ When the great world its last judgment awaits, When the blue sky shall swing open its gates, And our long columns march silently through, Past the great Captain for final review ; _ Then, from the blood that has flowed for the right, Crowns shall spring upward, untarnished and bright; Then, the glad ears of each w_ar_-martyred son ” Proudly shall bear the good tidings——“ Well done ! Blessings for garlands shall cover them over, Parents and husband, brother and lover. God will reward those dead heroes of ours, And cover them over with beautiful flowers. A Question for Discussion. Editor Grange Visitor .-——We hereby pro- pose a question which we wish to have thoroughly discussed through the columns of the VISITOR, viz.: Resolved, That wives are entitled to, and should be endowed with legal authority to hold as her own, and ‘will or otherwise de- cree in case of her decease, one third of the property gained during married life. While women are not excluded from the discussion, we earnestly hope that it will not be left wholly to a few women’s rights women, but will be honestly and practically discussed by the men, the voters and law makers of our state, our Worthy State and National Masters, and all who compose our State Grange, in fact all who are interested in having just and noble laws to govern our people. *** WE commend the following hit of the Pueblo (Col.) Populi: “ ‘A doctor will set down and write a prescription: time, five minutes; aper and ink, one-fourth of 9. cent, and the patient pays one, two or ten dollars, as the case may be. A lawyer writes ten or twelve lines of advice, and gets $10 or $50 from his client. An editor writes a half- column put!‘ for a man, pays a man fifty cents to one dollar for putting it in type, rints on several dollars’ worth of pa r, sends it to several thousand people, and 1: en gurprises the puffed man. if he makes any charge. And yet the world is surprised at seeing so many millionaire editors roaming ground the country.’ Sensible publishers are rs idly learning, however, that ‘business is bus ness,' and the difference between what constitutes news and that which relates purely to the promotion of other men 3 business ends.” How shall we make Farm Life more Attractive to the Boys 7 A paper read before the Romeo Grange, P. of H., by J. E. DAY. The question assigned to me assumes that there is a lack of attractiveness to farm life, and that for this reason the boys are liable to leave it, and seek other and more congenial occupations. Such is not always the case. Diversity of pursuits in the world, all im- portant and necessary, calls for diversity of -taste and talent. And all these varied pur- suits find their ranks swelled by farmers’ boys. And if they are fitted for the posi- tions they occupy, it is well. But the rest- less and uneasy leave the farm without any good reason. The youth is in haste to be rich, and he sees how his father and his neighbors are bowed and broken down with toil, and how scanty their wealth, and by what slow de- grees it has been garnered up; and even this has been through the rise in value of real estate, rather than by any foresight or wis- dom of the owner; and seeing this he very wisely, as he thinks, concludes that this is too slow for him. And so he resorts to spec- ulation, or mercantile life, or an agency, to realize the gold of his dreams. He cannot see, as you and I can, that those who thus leave the farm place their feet in a snare from which few, very few extricate them- selves without serious injury either to char- acter, or purse, or both. Our papers abound with enticing offers of unlimited wealth to those who will ac- cept their terms: a service in the city, an agency, or something of the sort, with a cer- tain but indefinite salary. And at the end of three years, or by the time the youth reaches majority, thousands of dollars will begained. Now in the same time, if he works upon a farm, he will have the insignificant sum of say $200. But in the first case there is not only much doubt about the wealth, but an almost absolute certainty of dissolute habits, and extravagance in dress, which eat away all the promised wealth, and he en- ters life without character, without influ- ence, adamaged constitution, and perhaps a wife picked up in some hasty and doubt- ful way, who will be a dead Weight to him as long as he may live. In the other case the money, though small in amount, is sure, and he enters life with habits of industry, economy and self-reliance, a good name, a wide influence, hosts of friends, good health and a sober, industrious and virtuous wife. I tell you, my friends, there is not money enough in the county of Macomb to make up the difference in these two cases, But how’ can we help it? Can any at- tractions be added to the farm which will help in the matter? Give the youth the current papers, and let him read the reports of boys who left a good home and have thus fooled themselves. Let them read of failure after failure, and of clerks and cashiers who to me the remedy will be found. Another boy says, I cannot endure this humdrum way of living. I must stir peo- ple up. I must make a noise in the world, Well, you and I know, that often these per- sons who make the most noise are of the least use, and have less influence than the quiet but indefatigable workers. After a child has been told a thing three times no further telling will be of any use. Tell the child not to put its finger in the pretty flame. It may understand you, but it must feel the pain before it will realize the consequence of the act. Now, if these boys will not be told, then the sooner experience completes the schooling the better for all concerned. We cannot keep all the boys upon the farm, neither is it well we should. I am proud to think that all the other avocations are Well and honorably filled from the ranks of the farmer; we are represented in all the higher walks of life. Neither can we keep the smartest boys on the farm and let the others go. .All we ask is a fair proportion of the average talent, so that agriculture may stand side by side with the other honorable callings. In order to gain this proportion a few things by way of attraction I beg leave to suggest— ' First, make the young feel a personal interest in farm matters and management. Make them feel that in a certain sense the farm is theirs, and the results will be in proportion to their thought and energy. Talk with the boys about the crops and the soils adapted to the growth of each, of the stock, the tools, the fruits, etc. Get them to plan and propose and think and exe- cute, and then, when a plan is given do not treat it as an idle talk or only child’s play, but treat it with respect and if such plans can be tried without serious loss by all means try them, and if “failure” has to be written across the page aquestion has been settled which no amount of argument could satisfy. The very thought that a field has been worked by a special plan of some one invests it with an interest to that person unfelt before. But if the plan sue- ceeds do not tell of it boastingly as the re- sultof your skill and wisdom, but give the honor to whom it belongs. Boys are sensi- tiveas regards their honor in this respect, and do not like to be robbed of it. I know a boy who by his own thought and work set out and cared for a nice row of forest trees, and after they were nicely started his father boasted of them in the presence of the boyas his own. I know that the boy was hurt by it, and felt that he was wronged. Then the boys may be encouraged and their interest secured by giving them a certain share of the products of a field, as a reward of faithfulness in raising the crop. If the young can be induced to keep a daily jour- nal of events and of accounts, entering a debtor and credit page with each field, and making out the final summary, and at the end of the year showing the profit or loss on each field, or each kind of grain, on the cattle, hogs,» or sheep, is new interest will be felt, and a store of practical information gained which will be a source of value in after years. A want of attraction is often felt in the manner of many in their talk of crops, weather, or prospects——always with a whine —nothing is right. The weather is bad taxes are high, the season is backward, the prices are awful low, and farming is a dog’s life——all work and nothing for it. Now if an atmosphere made up of such continual fog and chill does not drive the youth off the farm, I do not know What will. The expression is often met with, “ only a farm- er,” thus placing agriculture at the bot- tom of all the vocations in life. Inspire, the boys with your own spirit, and show them that there is at least one who does not think his work degrading. The boys see a brother or a neighbor’s ooy fitting for a mechanic or a profession. Several years of the best of his life are taken up in study and preparation, before he is qualified to enter upon sucha life. His ideas must be enlarged, his intellect brightened and his whole being must undergo a change, For himself a few months at the district school, and a term or two at the academy are all that is deemed necessary to fit him for his business-—no expansion of mind is needed, no enlargement of ideas, no brightening of intellect will be required, for he will be on- ly “a farmer you know.” All this is wrong and a mistaken policy, as time will surely prove. A want of attraction is also felt in the dress of many farmers both at home and at the village or places of resort. The youth has visited the city and all are well dressed and carry about the air of respectability, which he looks for in vain among the farmers. He sees them gather in the public places, one without coat and sleeves rolled up to the elbows, and with an old slouch hat, the relic of by-gone ages, and coat to match, and then with adornment in the shape of varie- gated patches behind and before; still an- other with pants tucked into boots that . must, lfave taken the hides of a pair of cattle to make: and these covered with mud and manure; and he says “not any of this for me: I want to make myself a little more genteelin appearance than this, and if I can't do it upon the farm, I shall go at something else.” A man may dress according to his work have darkened a life by crimes, and it seem‘! or business, without making a boor-of him- self. I like to see the solid yeomanry of our land dress in a sensible way, but they can do this without putting on the appear- ance of a sloven or a clown. So much has been said and written upon the subject of home adornment, that I shall occupy but little of your time upon this topic, and this in regard to the family libra- ry. “Of making of books there is no end" and yet there is a scarcity of literature in most of our homes. During the odd times of broken weather and “off days” and dur- ing the long evenings time is spent in games or on the streets, or at the village, simply because there is nothing to read. Now, I know that in many homes this is absolutely the case. No paper, not a book —good, bad, or between; and time which might have been used in gaining useful knowledge is worse than wasted. There is no wonder that the boys sigh for a better state of things, and seek it in other occupa- tions. An attraction is to be found in rural socie- ties of various kinds. A literary society for the purpose of mutual improvement, or a library association, or both in one, should be formed and main tained,with a little aid from the older ones, in every two or three school districts. One dollar each, as a membership fee for the support of the library, will give a zest to country life and be instrumental in giving a taste for useful knowledge that will be of life-long benefit. But this will cost something. True, it will, but it is cheaper thus to furnish useful enjoyment for the young than to buy them out of mischief or the grip of the law. Par- ents are anxious to be able to give the boy a farm when he shall come of age, and they work and strive and deny for this end, when it would be far better to spend at least one- half of the money and pains in preparing him to fill his place in society with credit to himself and credit to his parents. The sen- timent regarding agriculture has changed much within the last few years, and we all will be behind the times if not prepared to take our places in the front ranks of our calling, whatever that maybe. In conclusion, let us show our youths that we honor our calling; and when we choose that some of them shall follow it, we so choose not because they are fit for nothing else, but because we believe it may be made conducive in the highest degree to their happiness and "the good of the society in which they shall live. Address ol Welcome. . Ladies Il/H7 (.r'e1z!Zemcn, Brother and iSL'e'Y81’.>' of Grange No. 431: Unto you all, greeting. The Creator of all things, in his wisdom, has given you and me a task to perform, a mission to ful- fill. which, summed up in a few words, means just this, to dare to do right under all circum- stances. This association, if I understand aright, is a means to an end; its ostensible ob- jective point is now, to grapple with that in- sidious and treacherous foe of humanity and the masses of our toiling citizens, and it is called monopoly. In this land of liberty-lov- ing citizens, in this “Land of the free and home of the brave,” with all of our boasted Yankee sagacitv, and the terrible lessons that we have been taught bv the toiling millions of Europe, we have allowed that foe to grasp our railroads, our telegraphs, our coal mines, our oil wells. Foreign capital is purchasing 50,000 acres of land in one body, and the writer of this article would not be surprised to see them yet reach- ing out to grasp the postal service. The people, slow to believe such things, are, notwithstanding,becoming alarmed,or else why these Knights of Labor. Farmers’ clubs and Alliances, Trade unions and Granges. Broth- ers, what does all this means? Why, you all agree with me, that cause produces effect. I admire and appreciate your watchful care and caution in your management of this association, coupled with Your social and friendly ameni- ties. I begin to understand why we lay aside our lazy ease at home, and count as naught the darkness. mud and storms, to prepare for what we see too plainly is coming. We have undertaken a herculean task, and if we do go slow, we go sure. Now let me call your attention to one fact. We have all heard a great deal about capital and labor. Now, it may seem trivial to men- tion it, but capital is always quoted first, while just the reverse of this is true, for it is labor that creates capital. They are now an- tagonistic factors in the elements of pros- perity. Surely We ought to learn a lesson from the past and wake up from our Rip Van Winkle sleep and see where we are drifting. It is our mission to harmonize these two factors, viz.: Labor and Capital. Now we have got the horse before the cart where he properly belongs; labor is the creator, and capital is the thing created. What would a lecturer, orator, or preacher think if we should say, “Why such a thing is an abomination in the sight of man or God,” but reverse it, and it sounds all right. Now you laborers and producers. my brothers and my sisters, you have made this wilderness bud and blossom like the rose. you have made 10,- 000 blades of grass grow where none grew be- fore, and through the long toiling years, both early and late, you have denied yourselves the luxuries of life and perchance some of the necessaries, and with rigid self-denial you have barely achieved a competence. But those who have manipulated, and speculated, on your earnings, have piled up their tens of millions. It seems incredible that one single branch of that monopoly (the Railroad) has filched from the farmers’ pockets sixty thousand dollars from this coun- ty alone since the close of navigation on the transportation of wheat, corn and oats alone, as was stated by Brother Moore in a recent ad- dress delivered here. We are struggling to compass the death of that gigantic robber and as sure as God is above man, we will yet so- complish it. You are all familiar with what was called the irrepressible conflict, that out- run all human calculations; that only _i_em- brpced about four millions. But this mighty Moloch and Mammon, this great mogul bap- tized monopoly, holds now in his firm grip over forty millions of toilers and producers in this land of the free and the home of the brave. But my brothers and sisters, the seed is sown, the tree of liberty has been planted, its roots have gone down deep into the soil, the fame of its fruit has drawn the representatives of all nations to seek a shelter under its branches. VVe may or may not live to see our David slay this Goliahfbut as old Samuel Adams of rev- olutionary fame once said, “Sink or swim. live or die, survive or perish," we will fight monop- oly until one“ or the other goes under. Now a few words more, and I trust that I am not treading on dangerous ground. Beware of any and all, who under any pretext whatever, will either endorse it or apologize for monopoly. We as a people of this nation are now waver- ing in the balance. Our enemies, the monopo- lists proper, are few in number, but they hold the sword, the purse, and the patronage of this nation. The workers and producers of this nation are vastly in the majority. if they can only be made’ to see it. Now if the toiling millions can be brought to understand that monopoly is their deadlv enemy, then the mighty change is wrought. the problem solved. Then, the social, moral, and financial milleni- um has come. Then we will understand, realize and appreciate the blessings of liberty, equality and fraternity. Now my brothers and sisters 1 would to God that every man and woman farmer in our coun- try were grangers, but as that thing is to be devoutly wished, but never to be attained, I will make a few suggestions in reference to applicants for admission into our Grange. First and above all they should be anti-mo- nopolists to the core; Secondly, they should be producers of something to eat, drink, wear, to shelter, or to use, or directly interested; Third, of good moral character, with these qualifications let them come and remain, by conforming to the rules and regulations nov- 0 erning the Grange, and as far as I understand it, that about covers the whole ground. All of which is respectfully submitted for your consideration. A few words more, and I will close. No true reformer, of evils that infest and impoverisli society but has met censure, ridicule. and persecution, but brothers and sisters hold your grip. we are a Spartan band, and should ever bear in mind that truthful ad- age. “I0 efiselltials unity, in non-essentials liberty, in all things charitv." Yours truly, T. J. TOWN. , Have a Distinct Mark to Aim at. From the Spirit of Kansas. No farmer knows his real strength, his latent and unused powers, the stores of ener- gy treasured up in himself, till some emer- gen_cy_calls it out. To many, perhaps to the majority of farmers, this exigency never comes, and they plod on year after year, plowing the same field, fattening the same number of hogs, raising about so many calves, cutting the same quantity of hay, and doing the like things over and over again, till the whole work of farming be- comes mechanical and might as well be carried on by an automaton as by a man having reason, imagination and a prophetic spirit. To these dreamy, humdrum char- acters there is no future, or if a future, it is the same dusty, beaten track over the some dead level, without any grand mountain scenery, any shady groves, or fertile, flowery meads; there is no journey’s end in pros- pect, no magnificent Niagara to visit, no dear friends to meet, no mountain heights to climb, but only a plodding, aimless, dog-trot sort of movement in a way that leads no- where and ends in nothing. Such a life no farmer should be content to live. This world is God’s world—the very best He could make for us; with infinite pains and millions of years’ patient labor, He has given it into our hands. not yet fin- ished, to be sure, but in such aforward state towards completion that we can live in it comfoitably now, with a bright and en- couraging prospect that with ' our willing and hearty co-operation it will be finished so that it will be a splendid, well-furnished and spacious mansion for ourselves, our children, and our children’s children, to dwell in forever. Now, the practical question for every farmer and every worker is, What can I do in this year of 1882 to help build up this home for myself and family? what can I do to make life this coming year more noble, moi'e grand, more fruitful of good, more abundant in happiness and more blessed in every respect? Now is the nick of time to form plans. Let the plans be sober, reason- able, practicable, such as can be carried on towards the completion ofa larger and more comprehensive life plan, which will round out our three-score years and ten and make life worth living. Yes, let us have an object to aim at this year. “ I will increase the value of my Jersey and grade stock, or my short horn stock, or my native stock, to the amaunt of two hundred dollars. I will not so much try to increase their number as their quality, their prpductiveness. I have several cows in my diary that are quite inferior. I will weed them out, selling them or exchanging them for better, or fattening them for mar- ket, and I will replace them by other and better cows. I will also take better care of my dairy stock, feeding my cows up to the point of the best condition of health, growth and productiveness. To this end I will ar- range my crops of clover, millet, rye for forage, corn for stalks and meal, wheat for straw and bran, so that I shall, beyond bread for the family and a portion for mar- ket, have an abundance of fodder and of the kind that will keep up a full flow of milk and a healthy growth. I will raise so many calves, and they shall be the best of the kind, and shall receive the best of care, so that if raised for market they shall be prepared at the earliest period possible for sale; if for the dairy, they shall be prepared for milk- ing at the time or before they shall be two and a half years old.” We give this as a hint only in one depart- ment of farming. There are several other departments respecting which plans could be formed. But this of the dairy will per- haps be enough for the present year while managing the other departments somewhat in reference to it. One thing at a time is undoubtedly the wisest plan, till we have worked up to it the best we can and the nearest to our idea. “This one thing will I do.” This one thing may just as well be seeding the farm to grass, the increase of corn or other cereals, the planting of an or- chard, or perfecting any department for which we have a taste or which we think will advance our interests or enhance the value of our farm. The point on which em- pnasis is to be laid is to have a plan, a pre- cise, definite object to accomplish, a work to do that will tax not only our brain and our hands, but our heart also—will call forth our energies and enlist our enthusiasm to the degree that will make our work a pleasure and not a burden and a servile task. THE former Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Windom, in a recent letter to the Pres- ident of the Anti-Monopoly League, said: “The channels of thought and the channels of commerce thus owned and controlled by one man, or by a few men, what is to res- train corporate power, or to fix a limit to its exactions upon the people? What is then to hinder these men from depressing or in- flating the value of all kinds of property to suit their caprice or avarice. and thereb gathering into their own coffers the wealt of the nation '2 Where is the limit to such a power as this? What shall be‘ said of the spirit of a free people who will submit with- out a protest to be thus bound hand and foot?" VERY much has been accomplished by our organization since its first starting out, but there remains much to be done.While the dis- 'cussion of party politics is very properly not ermitted within our Order, we are in duty bound, in casting our votes for men to fill the various oflices in our government, to see that our suflrages are given to those who are honest, capable and faithful.-Ezc. THROUGH the Grange co-operation in all its branches _will be popularized by asso- ciating it,as it oughtto be associated, with the "thoughts of what will make life pleasant- er to the body of mankind in our farming communities, than is at present. Can any farmer say any to this proposition? ..,_ ’ we will reap benefit from them. The ques- MAY 15, 1882. TEE GEBEANGE VISITOR. 3 ®ui:i:e~ipii1iileiin:e. THE PIONEERS. I hear the tread of pioneers, Of nations yet to be; The first low wash of waves where soon Shall roll a human sea. I hear the far off voysgers horn, I see the Yankee’s trail- His foot on every mountain pass, On every stream his sail. Behind the scared squaw’s birch canoe, The steamer smokes and raves, And city lots are staked for sale Above old Indian graves. The rudiments of empire here Are plastic yet and warm; The chaos of a mighty world Is rounding into form! Each rude and jostling fragment soon The fitting-place shall find- The raw material of a. State, The muscle and its mind! And westering still, the star which leads The new world in its train Has tipped with fire the icy spires Of many a mountain chain. — W Izittier. NORTH STAR, April 11, 1882. BBO. J. T. CoBB—As it is very interesting to me, to read in the VISITOR the reports from Granges throughout the State, of their pros- perity; therefore it might interest others to know that Liberty Grange, No: 391 is still alive, and on the advance. During the last quarter we received two new members, and one by dimit, and at our last meeting we re- ceived one by dimit, also six new members who will receive the 3rd and 4th degrees at our next meeting. ‘Vs are ordering groceries &c., from Geo. Hill of Detroit, which prove very satisfactory to all concerned. Yours, Frater- nally, L. J. DEAN, Master. Lapeer County Pomona Grange. Bro. J. T. Cobb, DEAR SIR :—At the last meeting of Lapeer County Pomona Grange, No. 29, held with North Branch Grange, No. 607, on April 13, 1882, I was requested to present a condensed report of the proceed- ings of said meeting to the VISITOR for pub- lication. The first thing that came on the program was the dinner, which was served in a way that only sister Patrons can serve it. Immediately after dinner the Grange was called to order. After the reading of the minutes of the last meeting, reports were heard from the Subordinate Granges, which were good, showing that the Grange is going forward in the county. One dor- mant Grange has been reorganized during the quarter (Goodland).- Bro. Thos. F. Moore delivered two series of lectures in this county during the past quarter, and I think tions for discussion that were published in the VISITOR, in the issues of March 15 and April 1, were handled in a lively, entertain- ing and instructive manner. The wool ques- tion was discussed at some length: it was decided that we ship our wool thii season. Bro. E. Bartlett of Dryden was appointed agent to ship the wool. After selecting a program for next meeting, and transacting quite an amount of other business, the Grange closed, to meet with Lapeer Grange, No. 246, on June 8, 1882. Fraternally yours, JACOB W. SCHELL, Sec’y. North Branch, April 24, 1882. The Other Side. " HUDSONVILLE, Mich., April 23, 1882. BBO. CoBB—Dear Sir: I see in vour last issue of the Visiron a notice _headed “Grange Seal Stolen—Caution—Imposter. etc.” And that one E. A. Quarterman has stolen impres- sions of the seal of Knickerbocker Grange so he could sell his paint to Grangers. claiming it was the Celebrated Ingersoll Paint. Now I do not believe Mr. Quarterman is that kind of aman. We have bought paint of him and can say it is just as good as the Celebrated In- gersoll Paint. I believe Mr, O. R. Ingersoll caused this notice to be printed to injure Mr Quarterman, for the very reason that said Qua:-terman sells just as good paint as the Celebrated Ingersol] paint for less money than the Ingetsoll paint is sold for. Mr. Quarterman’s paint is used all over the country, and by a great many Granges in this State, and they all recommend it highly. I do not write this because I am working for Mr. Quarterman, but because we have used his paint and believe it to be just as good paint as any kind in use. Fraternally, Dani. BARNABY, Sec’y Hudsonville Grange No. 112. P. of H., Hudsonville, Mich. shiawassee Pomona Grange. Bro. C'obb:—I herewith send you the re- port of our Pomona Grange, which has been delayed on account of the blanks ‘having been sent to Bro. Burkhart, of Perry, and of whom I have just received them. Our county meeting at Shaftebury was held May 3d and was largely attended. There was considerable talk of making a Grange exhibit at our county fair next fall, and a committee of three from each Grange in the county was selected to meet with the county Agricultural society June 5th at Owosso, for the purpose of making the nec- essary arrangements. We think that fairs generally have been managed and con- farmers long enough, and that if we ever expect to elevate the farmer and reward merit we must take a more active part in the management. The best men of our county are members of but Order, and they are being chosen to the management of an Agricultural society and the county Mutual Insurance association, and it will not be long before the farmers of this county will have their full share in the management of these organizations, in which they are so largely interested. If the present move to make a Grange exhibit at the fair next fall is successful it will give us a big boom, we hope. The reports from Subordinate Granges madeat our county meeting were all very encouraging and there will probably soon be one or two new Granges organized in this county. Yours fraternally, J. C. STONE, Secretary. Barnum’s Temperance Talk. P. T. Barnum, who was justly advertised by the Manhattan Temperance Association as a mammoth attraction, addressed yesterday af- ternoon probablv the largest audience ever gathered at Masonic Temple. He was intro- duced by the Rev. S. Thomas Williams as "one whose name is a household word through the United States.” The great showman came forward, looked florid and heathly, and bowed to the audience. He was dressed in a dark suit. with sack coat. He spoke with energy. “I have probably drank more liquor,” he said, “than any man in this hall; but now, thank Heaven, I drink no more! I had the best wine cellar in the State of Connecticut. I went on drinking for six or seven years. I found that I couldn’t do as much business as I used to do. I began to get headaches, I didn’t think for a moment it was the liquor. I invited Dr. Chapin to come to Conneticut some- time after that and preach a temperance ser- mon. I heard it. It was directed against the moderate drinker. I couldn’t go to sleep that night. The next morning I got up bright and early and broke every champagne bottle in the cellar. I showed Dr. Chapin What I nad done. He asked me if I was a teetotaller. ,Yes,’ I replied, ‘I am; but I have been so only for two hours. I signed the pledge that morning. I am now 72 years of age, and I know I should have been in my grave twenty-four years ago had I not become a teetotaller. “Alcohol is indigestible. There is no more nutriment in it than in a pound of tenpenny nails. It is just as sensible to drink the glass itself as to drink what it contains. Some peo- ple think it a fine social thing to say when they meet their friends. “How are you, my boy? Let’s take a drink.” It would be a more sensi- ble thing for a man to go out with his pockets full of baked potatoes, and say. when he meets a friend, “How are you my boy? Let’s eat a potato.” "When I was in Erie a reporter came to in- terview me about my circus. He incidentally intimated that he would take a drink. I told him I was a teetotaller. Then I interviewed him. The interview wound up with his pledg- ing himself not to drink again. He wrote to me and told about his success after I left Erie. He finally wrote me a letter asking me to write a letter to a lady, whose name and address he inclosed. telling her what I thought of him. I did it. In his next letter to me he said: “Bar- num, we’re engaged,” He is now chief editor in Detroit. He wrote me recently saying: “Barnum, Iv’e got a boy.” That man’s boy is now 11 months old.” Mr. Barnum concluded his speech by urging all young men to sign the pledge.—N. Y. Sun. The Origin of the Tides. All bodies attract each other; The power exerted depending upon the weight of the bodies and their distance from each other. The weight of any body is, in fact, the force with which the earth attracts the body to itself. The celestial bodies are all chained together by this power. The sun and the moon both exert an attractive influence on the earth, inducing the earth to approach to them. This attraction being counterbal- anced by the centrifugal force, we describe acircle, which is the resultant of the two forces. But the surface of the earth consists offluid and solid; the former owing to its mobility, exhibits the greater tendency to. obey the attractive influence and therefore rises to meet the sun or moon. The sun, on account of this enormous bulk, exercises a much greater attractive force on the earth than the moon, but the solar tide is much less than the lunar tide, for this reason—the moon being near the earth attracts the sea far more than its solid bed, and, therefore, the water rises in a heap underneath the satelite. The sun on the other hand, being so distant exerts nearly as much force on the surface as on the ocean bed beneath, and, therefore lifts up the water but very little. The identically same effect is produced upon that part of the earth most distant from the sun or moon, only in this case the ocean bed is drawn more rapidly to these bodies than the wrter, which is fact, left behind. When the sun and the moon are either in conjunc- tion or o position—that is, when the line joining t em passes in the neighborhood of, directly through the centre of the earth- then theie attractive forces being united, the tidal wave will be at a maximum, forming “spring tides.” Ifthey be in “quadrature” —that is if the lines drawn from their cen- ters to the earth’s center form a right angle the tides will be at a minimum, or “neap tide will result. It will be evident, then, that if the earth were a world of waters, each tidai wave would pass completely around the world in twenty—four hours. The existence of continents materially modifies its transit, and it is driven from its course, and consequently retarded. The great tidal wave takes its rise in the Antarc- tic Ocean. As it traverses the ocean the water is not raised a few feet, but when it enters a shallow sea or an estuary, where the tide finds itself in a sort of a funnel, then the rise is as much as seventy feet, as is the case in the Bay of Fundy. The wave is not a wave of transmission, but one of mo- tion, and if the particles were destitute of all cohesion or friction among themselves, they would only rise and fall in the same place after the attraction had passed. A wave of this nature is illustrated by throwing a stone into a pond;_ the wavelets expand from the point of disturbance. but do not carrytothe shore anything that floats on the surface of the water, such bodies only rising as it were, to_allow the waves to pass beneath them. This proves that the water only had a downward and upward move- trolled by citizens who were not practical ug. J ‘So thoughtful in Brooks; ‘Take it hot, Old Uncle Sammy’s New Medicine. BY REV. EDWARD A RAND. Just think of it! Tom Simpson was con- stable! A laughing, social, good-natured, jovial fellow, was appointed a minister of the stern law. It was even so. Tom Simp- son was village constable. “He won’t hurt a flea,” people said. But however he might feel as Tom Simpson, as constable he buttoned his coat over his feelings, and meant to do his duty. He felt that he was specially bound to enforce the law that said no liquor should be sold as a beverage in town; that in cases of sickness or manufac- turing, the town liquor-agent aloneshould dispense all intoxicating fluids. ‘I’ll enforce that law,’ said Tom, ‘and I will avail myself of the right to search sus- pected places, and I will make wrong-doing scarce if I can. He was expressing this opinion silently as he passed the home of old Uncle Sammy (nobody ever said Mr. Samuel Nevins). The window was up, but the curtain had been dropped—uot fully dropped. for an inch of light from the evening lamp shone out into the road. And that one inch let out the constable’s name—‘Tom Simpson!” He heard it distinctly. At first he fancied some one might be calling him. No, the talking steadily went on. Then it flashed upon him that. mis- chief might be brewing in Uncle Sammy’s, and mischief too, that he was specially in- terested in repressing, for Uncle Sammy had one ‘Weakness,’ that might make him a transgressor of the law Tom specially meant to enforce. ‘I know that isjust so, and here goes an ear and eye, too; two cars and two eyes if I can accommodate myself to this small hole,’ thought Tom. Looking into the room he saw Uncle Sammy sitting in a high-backed chair. He was a snulfy, weak-eyed, flabby old man, and abandage about his throat showed that he had some trouble there, or thought he had. He was holding in his right handa pocket-book. With his left he was gesticu- ulating while he addressed a young man, to whom he was offering the pocket-book. ‘That is Vester Harrington,’ thought Tom. ‘Vester, as stage-driver, has his nob- by coach rig on, ordered by the stage com- pany. VVhat are they up to? See that de- canter and bottle on the stand behind Un- cle Sammy. Their talk had something to do with liquor I know.’ ‘Now Vessie, Un- cle Sammy was affectionately saying. His full name was Sylvester, shortened to ‘Ves- ter’ generally, and here lovingly softened down to ‘Vessie.” ‘Vessie, why not?’ whined the old man, givinga silly smile of entreaty. ~‘You say Imight go to the town agent? ‘But you see he don’t appreciate niy—my peculiar difliculty.’ Nonsense! The town agent knew that the old man would come on the smallest pretext when liquor was not really necessary. And did not Uncle Sammy’s wife agree with the town agent? Did not the old lady sav, ‘Try something else in the place of liquor; it is getting a hold that is strong on you. ‘Do you say you will, Vessie? inquired Uncle Sammy, taking a big pinch of snuff. ‘No, I don’t, for this business is risky. Tom Simpson might arrest me for bringing liquor into town.’ ‘Tom Simpson,’ said the old man, hasn’t a backbone wdrth that,’ and he snapped his fingers loudly. Tom Simpson don’t know nothing.’ Somebody at the window did not enjoy this one bit. ‘Now, here, Vessie, I have put some money in this pocket-book. Take it to Brooks, at Chatham, and say Mr. Samuel Nevins wants you to fix him a little jug full of his—his—favorite medicine,’ said the old man, winking his little eyes. ‘ Shall I put it that way, as medicine? ’ ‘Sartin’; I’ll take what he sends, for I need suthin’,’ said uncle Sammy, with an air of intense sincerity. ‘ All right! ’ replied the stage-driveri When Sylvester came back to town that night, pompously driving a rattling, bang- ing. bumping stage of the famous ‘Air Line,’ under the duster covering his legs, was a little quart bottle. ‘It won’t be noticed there,’ argued Sylves-' ter to himself. ‘Hello, Vester.’ said the lynx-eyed con- stable, determined to improve any opportu- nity given him by that chance hearing the evening before. ‘What did you bring from Chatham ‘I’ ‘Passengers, for one thing,’ said Vester, keeping his seat. ‘Don’t you let them out ‘B’ ‘They can get out.’ Sylvester seemed to be so anxious to keep his seat, that Tom was suspicious. ‘Vester! Vester! This way, please.’ It was the landlord calling from the hotel where the stage stopped. ‘What, sir?’ ‘ Please drive the stage into the yard, and then take this note up to the post-ofiice. Just step up with it.’ Tom followed the stage into the yard, and poor ‘ Vester’ was obliged to go off jugless. ‘ Now is my chance. I am going to exam- ine that stage, and especially the box,’ thought Tom, and out came thejug. ‘ Vester can’t do that errand and get back for twenty minutes. I will have some fun out of it,’ thought Tom. ‘Wife,’ he said, hurrying to his home, which was in the neighborhood, ‘ make some of the most fiery ginger tea possible in about five minutes.’ . Emptying the jug, and reserving its con- tents to be confiscated and appropriated as the law directed, he filled up the jug with the new kind of ‘firewater,’ adding this label. ‘ Take it hot, clear and often.’ When Vester returned the jug was wait- ing for him in the box, but Tom lingered about, and did not give him an opportu- nity to carry off his ‘ medicine’ until it was cool. ‘Here, uncle Sammy,’ said Sylvester, de- livering the precious article, ‘ I_had the greatest time avoiding that Tom Simpson, but it is all right now. Take the jug.’ ‘ Good boy, Vessie. My ! havn’t you been a blessing to an old invalid!’ replied uncle Sammy. When alone he examined the label on the \ clear and often.’ I won’t wait long. I’ll heat it now,’ he said, taking a pinch of snufl‘. ‘ I wonder how it smells?’ But snuff and cold had so ruined the sense of smell, that he couldn't tell ginger ment as it formed the wave. . for many years, although the roads have not Filling a mug, he took a big, generous dose. ‘Oh! my!’ be exclaimed, dropping the mug and jumping round the room. ‘ What have I done? Oh! oh! VVife, come here, he shouted in the entry. ‘What is the matter, Samuel?’ said his wife. rushing in. ‘ Is it fire ?’ ‘ Yes, yes, in here!’ and uncle Sammy pa- thetically flourished his arms, then stroked his poor, tormented body. 'Why‘ what have you taken? Let me examine the jug. Nonsense, this is all right. It’s ginger tea—pretty, pretty strong, that’s so. But, Samuel, now, you be sensible. VVno sent. it?’ ‘Brooks.’ ‘ VVell, he knows what is best. Take the advice he gives you, and try some more. It will drive your colil away, and-and will give you an opportunity to begin abetter course of medicine.’ And will you believe it? Uncle Sammy took her advice, and is a much better man every way because taking the constable’s medicine. Tom Simpson did know some- thing.—Church and Horne. Land-Grant Grabs-—How the Railroads Have Plundered the Public Domain. Special to the Cincinnati Commercial. \VAsiii.\'o"r0N, D. ()., April :_’4.—The As- sistant Clcrk of the General Land-Oflice, Mr. J. W. Lebarnes, makes an inteicsting state- ment about the manner in which the land- grant railroads have been treated by the Interior Department. The Cedar Rapids & Missouii River railroad is a completed road under grants available for its construction, and its total length, as certified by the Gov- ernor of the State, is 271.6 miles. The grant was six sections per mile, or 1,042,944 acres, but tne land actually certified and patented iiuder the grant is 1,141,690 acres. or 95,746 acres more than the greatest possi- ble amount that could rightfully be embrac- ed in the grant. The grant was diminished, however, by overlapping grants of other roads to the extent of :25 per cent, so that the excess given to the company is really more than 300,000 acres for 563 miles of road. The Sioux City & St. Paul road of Iowa was entitled to 3-39_:')20 acres at the utmost, but 407,910 acres have been certified and patented to it, while the grant ought to have been diminished not less than 37,000 acres other overlapping grants. The St. Paul & Sioux City road of Minne- sota was entitled to 850,000 acres, but has received 1,200,858 acres, an excess of .’+;5I),358 acres. The St. Paul & Pacific road in Minnesota has also received an excess cf,the maximum area of its grant, and the legal and actual reduction to which the grant is subject does not appear to ever have been considered. The area given to the Iowa Falls & Sioux City road in Iowa is 25,000 acres in excess of its maximum grant, and it has received 100,- 000 acres since 1875. The Winona & St. Peter Company is credited with a nominal area of 1,710,000 acres, and it was estimated that the actual area to which it was entitled was 710,000 acres, but it has received 1,668,007 acres, an excess of more than 250,000 acres over the geographical lines of the grant, and an ex- cess of nearly 1,000,000 acres over the real area of the grant. It received nearly 3,000 acres in 1879. IN SEVERAL OTHER CASES the probablearea of grants has been exceed- ed. The total area of the Alabama & Chat- tanooga road’s grant would be 444,000 acres, if there were no reductions, but it was orig- inally estimated that the area would be only 461,000 acres, because of reductions. The road has already received more than 600,000 acres. In many cases lands to which companies were entitled upon the completion of their roads have been withheld from settlement even begun. The grant to the Gulf 6; Ship Island road in Mississippi was made in 1856, and it expired in 1866. No road has been builtand no lands have been applied for, but all the public lands within alternate sections for l\ breadth of 30 miles on the line of the proposed road and for a length of 170 miles were withdrawn from settlement in 1860, and have ever since been held in re- servation. The Coosa &. Tennessee road in Alabama has now been built, but the company has received 67,000 acres, and many thousands of acres besides have been withdrawn since 1858. For 80 miles the lands along the Coosa & Chattanooga road have been reserv- ed since 1858, but the road has not been built. The St. Louis & Iron Mountain grant was abandoned by the company, but the lands for 20 miles each side of the line first proposed are not open to the settler. The Land Office has no official report of the construction of any part of the Pensa- cola & Georgia road in Florida. There is unofficial information that 150 miles have been built, but 1,250,000 acres were certified or patented in advance of construction. or 1,000,000 more than the road is yet entitled to. The road was to be 408 miles long, but the grant expired in 1866. The lands along the whole line were withdrawn from settle- ment in 1857, and are still reserved. These are only a few instances of the loose manner in which the Land Office has carried on its business with the land-grant roads, to the disadvantage of the settler. Alabastino Is the only preparation based on the proper principles to constitute a durable finish for walls, as it is not held on the wall with glue, etc., to decay, but is a Stone Ce- ment that hardens with age, and every ad- ditional coat strengthens the wall. Is ready for use by adding hot water, and easily ap- plied by anyone. Fifty cents’ worth of ALABASTINE will cover 50 square yards of average wall with two coats: and one coat will produce better work than can be done with one coat of any other pre aration on the same surface. For sa e by paint dealers everywhere. Send for circular containin the twelve beautiful tints. Manufacture4I only by AL- ABASTINE Co. M. B. CHURCH. Manager, juyl-tf. . Grand Rapids, Mich. FENNO & MANNING, Wlllll COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 117 Federal St... Boston. tea from strong cognac or sweet cologne. ....... .. Iliermaii Horse and Cow Powde; This powder has been in use for many years. It is largely used by the farmers of Pennsylvania, and the Patrons of that State have bought over 100,000 pounds through their purchasing agents. Its compo- sition is no secret. The receipt is on every box and 5-pound package. It is made by Dr. L. 0berholtzer’s Sons dz Co.,_Phoenixville, Pa. t keeps stock healthy and in good condition. It helps to digest and assimi- late the food. Horses will do more work, with less food while using it. Cows will give more milk and be in better condition. It keeps poultry healthy, and increases the production of eggs. It is also of great value to them when melting. It is sold at the lowest wholesale rice by R. E. JAMES, KALAHAZOO, GEO. W. ILL in C0., 80 Woonsninon Sin, DE- TBOIT, THUS. MASOK. 181 Warns Six. CHICAGO, and ALBERT STEGEMAN, ALLEGAN. Put up in 60-lb. boxes (leose),’pi'ice EIGHT Cnxrs per lb., 30-lb. boxes (of 6 5-lb. packages, TEN CENTS per lb. PRIGE HST 0? SUPPLIES Kept in the office of the Secretary oftlie MICHIGAN S’l‘A'l‘E GRANGE. And sent out Post Paid, on Receipt of Cm}: Order, over the seal of a Subordinate Grange, and tin signature of its Master or Secretary. Porcelain Ballot Marbles, per hundred,.. . . . . . 75 Blank Book, ledger ruled, for Secretary to keep accounts with members, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l 00 Blank Record Books, (Express paid), . . . . . . . . . . l 00 Order Book, contaiiiiiig 100 Orders on the Treas- urer, with stub, well bound, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . /30 Receipt Book, coiitaining 100 Receipts from Treasurer to Secretary, with stub, wellbound, 53-11 Blank Receipts for dues, per 100, bound, _ . . . . . . 50 Applications for Membership, per 100, . . . . . . _. . . 50 Membership Cards. per 100, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -50 Withdrawal Cards, per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ‘lb Dimits, in envelopes, per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 By-Laws of the State Grange, single copies 10c, per doz., . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75 By-Laws, bound, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20 “ Glad Echoes,” with music, Single copy 15 cts. per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l 80 Rituals, single copy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 “ per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ . . _ . , , . _ __ 2 40 “ for Fifth Degree, for Pomona Grzinges, per copy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Blank “Articles of Association” for the Incorpo- ration of Subordinate Granges, with Copy of Charter, all complete, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Notice to Delinquent Members, per 100, . . . . . . . . 40 Declaration of Purposes, per doz., -5c.; per hundred, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 American Manual of Parliamenta.ry,Law. .. . . 60 u u is H in (M0_ rocco 'I‘uck,) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l 00 Address of J. J. Woodman before the Nation- al Grange—per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ‘.20 Address of Thos. K. Beecher—-per dozen . . . . .. 10 Digest of Laws and Rulings, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 40 Address, J. '1‘. COBB, S1£c’Y Mica. Srsira Gannon, SCHOOLCRAFI‘ , MICE ZNIICI-IIC3-.A.1\T CENTRAL R- R- DICPARTURE or‘ TR.-;I;:l~‘ROM KALAMAZOO. TIME-TABL—l:VlAY ‘J, 1860. WicsrwAnD. Accommodation leaves,_ " arrives Local Passcnger,___-- Evenin Express,..-__ Pacific press, _____________________ __ Mail ‘ Dar Fxnrese-----:7---: ------- --- ------------ —-~ .... --. _2 86 EASTWA RD. N,‘ Night Express, ________________ - ., __________ __ Accommodation leuves,_ Mail New York Express,_ Atlantic 1sxi>ree-.-- .......................... .... —-l 1 New York, Atlantic and Pacific Expresses and Local Passen- ger daily. All other trains daily except Sunday. H. B. Lsnrsnn, Gen Manager, Detroit. E. 0. BROWN, Ass‘t Gen. Biipt., Jackson. IIBNRY C. WENTWURTH, G. P. & T. A., Chicago. L. S. & 1542. S. R. R. Kannimzoo DIVISION TIME 'l‘Ai;i.n. (Time 15 minutes faster than Kalamazoo.) GOING SOUTH. 7NYacNY.iis " W 7 V V V _ 7 W .Exi-irjeisa: Ex 1 Mlwfiy h‘ I.e.Grand Rapids ............... --, Boom 4 so mi; 510}. Ar. Allegan __________ -- --_ 9 17 “ ‘ 605 “ l 810 " Ar. Knlauur/.oo__ ' Ar. Schoolcraft __ Ar. Three Rivers Ar. White Pigeon Ar. Toledo _____ _- Ar. Cleveland _ ..oii?(.”E..?u.”" ’ " N’r"&"ii,N inc "1" llcx Jr M.Ex[iress.lWay F" " J '__-‘i2 '45’ miiz 35§C;f_'f_. __, 735 H l 700 “ .-___ Ar Toledo- :12 01 iufioso -- '_______ Ar White Pigeo 1600 H i 335 no usu- Ar. Three Rivers _ H , 400 H J1000 -i Ar. Schcolcraft ____ .._ “ 1 428 “ .12 10!! Ar. Kalama.r.oo.....___ “ I 500 “ 5 1 40 " Ar.Allegan __-_ “ soc “ ,: up *- Grand Rapids ________ __ “ 720 " l 810 «- All trains connect at White trairiisflon main line. WESTWARD Day Night 1 Flint , Snrions. Express. Expi~ess.|Express_‘!ANccm d. No. 2. v No. 4. I No. 6. . °'22' Le. Port Huron ______ --_ “ Grand Trunk Junction “ Imlay Cit --_ “ Lapeer “ Flint- “ Durand -- “ Lansing-.....- “ Charlotte --_- ----- “ Battle Creek- “ Vicksburg- “ Schoolcrait- “ Cassopolis-_ “ South Bend-- “ Valparaiso-__-___-_ Ar Chicago ......... _. EASTWABD. Day I Night Accmu STATIONS. Efiprgss No. 2L A.r.Chica.go.._-___-_..-__-- 8 10 Au 8 30 Pm -_.._... Le. Valpa.raiso-___-_...-_..1035 “ 1100 “ 555Al “ South Bend_- 12 20 PM 12 50 An 10 65 “ “ 1%" 147“ 1201»: -4 215 H 235" 415“ “ 226 “ 250“ 646“ “ 350“ 400“ 3745“ “ 505 " 508 “ ___.___. H g It (I ____-1_ “ 10 “ 725 “ __..... ll £6 It __j-:- 64 05 J ll --‘*1 II 32 II U _-__—_— “ 1 38 “ I028 “ .___ Ar. Port Huron ..__..._ 10 40 “ 10 35 “ ._._._. All trains run by Chicago time. Sunday. Ono. B. Rnvns, 8. ll. Ouuwnx. Trams Manager. General Superintendent. All trains daily exoqn Consianinenl: solicited and cash Advances lads. to: inform ' to to R. P. ,'loen1 Av“. schddsuou as. rota, apply Rwy 4 dltidrcangt diitiimc. SCHOOLCRAFT, -- — — - MAY 15. Sticlaws fiwulmcl. J. T. Cons, - - - - Scaoo:cr:A:r: Single copy, six months,. ........... _- Single copy, one year, ....... ___.=‘---- 50 Eleven copies, one year ____________ -- 5 00 To ten trial subscribers for three months we will send the Vrsrron for-__--_-___--$l 00 Address, J. T. COBB, Schoolcraft, Mich. Sample copies free to any address. A SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE. The Grange organization early recognized the great fact of the importance of agricul- ture and declared its purpose to educate and elevate the agricultural class. In looking-over the field it saw the ma- chinery of the government in the hands of other classes, and the paramount interest of the country occupying a subordinate posi- tion without representation and without in- fluence. The importance of its commission- er was more political than useful, and he served party rather than practical purposes. The counterpart of the asserted claim that agriculture was the most important interest of the country, and the broad foundation on which all other industries and enterprises must depend, was the demand that agricul- ture have governmental recognition, and a place in the councils of the Cabinet of the Executive of the United States. By those who had all their life-long thought and spoken of that half of the citi- zens of the country as only farmers, this claim was treated as presumptuous, if. not impertinent. At the advent of the Order it found the Committee on Agriculture in the House of Representatives in the hands of lawyers, with a New York city lawyer for its chair- man. This might have been regarded as a ' comical fact if the consequences to the coun- try were not of such a serious character. Millions were annually expended in the less important departments of the government, and agriculture turned over to half a score of lawyers, whose only care for the bantling was measured by its political and partisan value. But the world moves, and so has Congress, as the following telegram shows, from the Honorable Member, representing, as we be- lieve, not only his constituents of the tliird district of Michigan, but the people of the State and country as well. -, Washington, D. C., May 10. To J. T. COBB, Schoolcraft, Mich. : Anderson’s bill making Agriculture an Executive Department pas- sed the House, one hundred seventy-two ayes, seven noes. EDWARD S. LACEY. We give the bill in another column. If section 2 of the bill had required that the secretary of agriculture be a practical agriculturist as well as his assistant, we should have been better pleased with the bill. But, though there is room for im- provement, so much has been gained that we are not in fault finding mood. D. M. FERRY & CO. A letter from Ex-Gov. Sessions, found in another column, goes to confirm the im- pression which some of our people entertain of the business habits of this firm. In an article referring to this firm published a few weeks since, we think we may have done other seedmen in the country some injustice in saying that this firm is probably neither better nor worse than other firms in this business all over the country. With accu- mulated evidence we now incline to the opinion that we were in error, that the firm of D. M. Ferry & Co. are making a more determined effort to consume “consumers” than any other we know of, and we advise Michigan farmers to take chance of fair treatment with other parties when they deal with any seedsmen. “ THE Washington County (Vermont) Court spent a whole day recently in decid- ing a case involving twenty-four cents. The case took up the time of three judges, om- cers of court, twelve jurymen and three lawyers. It resulted in a verdict of fifteen cents for the plaintifi‘.” We need not go to Vermont to duplicate that sort of judicial fraud. The profession don't any where in this country object to en- gaging in just such raids upon the treasury of a county, and they will continue to do so until the press of the country demands pro- tection for the people, who are thus victim- ized by these honorable guardians of the rights of the citizen. When neighbors will quarrel about “24cents,” to our notion of justice a decent regard for the rights of the community demands that the expense of the quarrel should be borne by the parties there- to. But legal science evolved from a legal education—and legal and judicial practice, justifies a raid upon a public treasury with a pretext too paltry for patient-hearing by ' honest men. TEE GRANGE VISITOR. NEWSPAPER INDEPENDENCE. In the last number of the Vrsrroa we had something to say about the administration of law by the bar and courts of this coun- try and charged up to the press of the country ‘a part of the blame of the present condition of things. Since then we invited the editor of a country paper to copy our ar- ticle and make such comments as he saw fit. Did he do it-«No. It is so much more important to fill up a sheet with current news, nine-tenths of which has no value to the community in general beyond the tran- sient satisfaction afforded by knowing “what isgoing on in the world.” While we are not blind to the fact that a newspa- per must be abreast of the times and give at the earliest moment all news of real im- portance, or else fall behind its cotempora- ries, yet we think we know another thing just as well. The independent outspoken paper that has some positive opinions outside hack- neyed fiings at political opponents and gives expression to those opinions fearlessly and often, does something for its readers that is worth paying for and makes for it- self some reputation that gives it character and standing. To boldly strike a blow at a general or lo- cal evil may sometimes require courage but it isaduty the journalist owes to his pat- rons and if judiciously administered gives character and standing to a paper. But most newspapers are not conducted in accordance with this view, but on the contrary are timid and all the while appre- hensive lest afriend or patron shall be of- fended, andasubscriber lost or an adver- tisement withheld. With somewhere from a couple of hundred to a couple of thousand of subscribers, nineteen-twentieths of whom would consider the paper worth five hun- dred per cent more if its editor said just what he knows to be true with regard to the usages of lawyers and courts, the av- erage county newspaper editor is abjectly dumb before the influence of the other twen- tieth who practically muzzle the press. We have little patience with this tacit approval of this most glaring and expen- sive imposition upon the rights of the peo- pie. The finest opening to popularize himself and make his mark, is presented to any law- yer of talent who will courageously come to the front and pronounce against those rules and usages of courts and the bar, that at the expense of the people surround trivial cases with technicalities and delays until their essential merits are obscured or lost sight of behind a pile of accumulating costs and the lapse of time. ANTI-MDNOPOLY. Many of our readers are not aware of the extent of the Anti-Monopoly organization, with headquarters in New York, the com- mercial metropolis of the continent. With men of wealth and influence at its head, it has been spreading with a liberal hand printed matter among the people in all parts of the country. While it is’ true that it has not prevented combinations, pools, and spe- cial rates, to the detriment of individuals and the general public,it has in common with the Grange, enlightened the public upon the subject of railway abuses, taught the voter the value of his vote in protecting his own interest, and prepared him to some ex- tent to disregard the political war-cry of the scheming politician who demands fealty to partyas above and beyond every other con- sideration. In several eastern papers we find refer- ence‘ to the late Anti-Monopoly meeting. held at Albany on the 26th of April, and attended by over four hundred persons of recognized activity in this comparatively new movement. The Husbandman says: “Mr. L. E. Crittenden, President of the Anti-Monopoly League, was called to the chair precisely at one o’clock, and made a stirring speech, in which he set forth the principles that animate thtzdpersons known as anti-monopolists, depict the dangers to our re ublican institutions in the unre- straine exercise of corporate power, and appealed earnestly to all good citizens to come to the rescue of their liberties, imper- illed by the encroachments of corporations and monopolistic tendencies of business.” The people of the State of New York have had greater cause of complaint than we of Michigan. A legislature, controlled for years by the combinations of monopolies, notoriously corrupt and defiant, so outraged the rights of the people that under the impulse of self- defense or self-protection, they organized some few years ago a Farmers’ Alliance. As we understand, its members were largely farmers, and the purpose was and is, to cor- rect existing evils by legitimate means—an appeal to the ballot. The organization work- ing in harmony with the Anti-Monoply League organized in New York City, is be- ginning to make itself felt. The successor of that pronounced monopolist, Senator Wagner, killed in his own car by the collis- ion at Spuyten Duyvel, is a pronounced anti- monopolist, and owes his election to the Farmers’ Alliance and the Anti-Monopoly League. We will not take space for the column of preamble and resolutions adopted at Albany the other day, but will give the gist of the whole thing as expressing the line of its political action recommended by the League: " We will, as far as possible, endeavor to influence nominations bv the existing polit- ical parties of candidates who will support these principles. Where such candidates are nominated we will support them. If neither party should present such a candi- date, then the League will make its own nominations and sustain its own candi- dates.” FREE PASSES FOR JUDGES AND LEGISLATORS. “ We copy the following gems from a speech made in the Ohio senate, by the Hon. Coates Kinney. They are just as well fitted for the latitude of Michigan as for that of Ohio, and equally as applicable: The railroad pass that is not earned by ac- tual service has no good reason for being. Juries cannot be worked by railroad pas- ses, and hence almost all railroad cases are taken up to the higher courts as a matter of course, out of the reach of stubborn juries. There ought to be no room for even the suggestion of a suspicion that any judge or any oflicer of the courts has been plied with a motive for running the machinery of liti- gation so as to favor by a hair’s breadth any men or set of men. The oflicial railroad pass has grown so prevalent as to be pestilent. The great man- agers are re rted to have held a secret meeting in hicago for the purpose of con- certing some measure for ridding them- selves of this pest. But, after an earnest discussion and deliberation. they concluded that they could not afford to run the risk of offending judges, and auditors, and legisla- tors, and congressmen by withholding pae- ses from them. Suppose, senators, that the life‘ insurance companies of the State had, in the first week of the session, sent each of us a handsome policy paid up to the close of our term of ofiice; should we not have been put upon our suspicions that the transaction had some faint and delicate relation to laws for insurance companies ? Or suppose the liquor dealers of the large cities had pooled their interests in legislation and sent us checks for free drinks on the saloons of Columbus “ good until the close of the ses- sion of 1882" ! The entire framework of so- ciety would have toppled with indignation and horror. _ Farmers and taxpayers of Michigan, see to it in your selection of the legislators next fall that you choose men who cannot be tampered with by the gift of free passes from the powerful railway corporations which operate lines in our State, and that you elect men to represent your interests and not cor- orate feudalism. It is high time that the rec pass system to judges, legislators and public functionaries shall go with slavery, polygamy, and every other form of corrup- tion and iniquity. The people pay legisla- tors to make laws in the state’s interest and not of railroad magnates.”-Allegcm Jour- na . We have never forgotten the remark a gentleman made to us some years ago, after we had narrated to him the particulars of an aifair that seemed likely to develop a law suit. Said he, “ Mr. Cobb, I should be sur- prised at what you have told me, but I long ago_ made up my mind not to be surprised at any thing.” We have remembered this to some pur- pose, and yet we were overtaken with an agreeable surprise in looking, over the col- umns of our contemporary, the Allegan Journal, of a late date, as we read what we have copied above. The Journal has been known as an ultra radical Republican paper, always ready to go it blind for the par ty. We very well re- member having a little set-to with the Journal after it undertook to make the Hon. Thomas Palmer Governor of Michi- gan. The Journal ignored the rights of the farmers altogether, even after we had shown up two very important facts. First, that of the 91 gentlemen who had been honored by election to the oflice of Governor of the State or to the Senate or House of Representatives of the United States since Michigan becamea State, but three of these gentlemen had been farmers. And this too in the face of the fact that Michigan is an agricultural State and has been during all these years. The Journal did not undertake to show that farmers as a class could furnish no suitable material for these offices. It did not undertake to prove that we were wrong in urging in behalf of the great agricultural class of the State our demand for a farmer Governor; but it did persist in urging the claims of its city can- didate after we had proved that he had de- frauded the State out of thousands of dol- lars. In view of the course the Journal pursued at that time, we had not a very exalted opinion of its political honesty, and that ac- counts for our surprise at finding it so out- spoken on the question of free passes. We clip the above froma late issue, and while we are quite in the dark as to which of its able editors is entitled to the credit of expressing in such decided terms this or- thodox doctrine of the Grange, we can as- sure the author of this. that on this question of the propriety of legislators and judges ac- cepting passes from railroad corporations we shall work in harmony. The Journal has brought the matter right down to a point when it demands that “ the farmers and tax payers of Michigan see to it in your selection of legislators next fall, that you choose men who cannot be tampered with by the gift of free passes from the pow- erful railway corporations which operate lines in our State.” We need not‘ have referred to which of its editors, and should not, only about the time this appeared in the Journal the editorial department of the paper had a violent at- tack of unpleasantnesa that resulted in the establishment at once by the junior editor of the Journal of the Allegan Gazette. As Mr. Reid proposes to make the Gazette an out and out Republican paper, we shall look over both papers with care until we know whether we are working on this question of free passes with Don Henderson or Mr. Reid, or both. We hope with both, but as this anti-pass doctrine is not essentially Republican either in platform or practice we cannot be sure, and we await develop- ments. One or the other of these editorial gentlemen has taken position, and to be con- sistent must urge the point taken, and en- deavor to make it a plank in the platform of the Republican party. ' We expect to present the VIsI_'1‘oR. to 20,- 000 readers regularly for the next six months, and while we don’t intend to mix up in politics in violation of the principles of the Order, we do expect to urge our vot- ing readers to so far ignore party obligations as to refuse to support any man for a legisla- tive or judicial office who does not give in advance a pledge to refuse and return every railroad pass sent him during his official term. There is no question before the American people so important as this, Shall corpora- tions control,’ the people, or shall the people control the corporations which they have created? And there is no better place to begin the determination of this question than right here. It never will be settled in favor of the people, while all prominent at- torneys of the country, all its judges, and all its members of legislative bodies travel for business or pleasure under the influence and obligation of a railway pass. WE are under renewed obligations to Sen- ator Ferry, and to Congressman H. W. Lord, of the First, E. S. Lacey, of the Third, and J. C. Burrows, of the Fourth District, for reports, speeches, and documents. That these gentlemen have done and are doing what they can to have a representative of the agriculture of the country in the Cabinet of the President, and also to secure such amendments to the patent laws as shall give needed protection to ‘the uses of patented articles, we have {no doubt. And we are pleased to know that their labor, together with other members from Michigan, has been largely instrumental in securing the results already obtained upon these two questions. The demands of the Grange so manifestly just and right, seem likely soon to be realized. VVE are in receipt of a polite invitation from the Secretary of the West Michigan Farmers’ Club to attend an implement trial, under the auspices of the Club. June 6, for which we return thanks. The Horse Association of Schoolcraft have also favored us with an invitation to be pres- ent on the 24th, 25th, and 26th of this month, at their grounds near our village. Besides horses there will be a large exhibition of farm machinery on the grounds. NOTICE the advertisement of the Poultry World. This is a most excellent poultry journal, and thoroughly practical. You can learn here how to keep poultry for profit. Profusely illustrated with the best, simplest and latest designs for troughs, coops, nests, poultry-houses, etc. Back numbers fur- nished. A year or volume makes a com- plete cyclopedia in poultry matters. We like it. Editor H. H. Stoddard is well known as the author of some valuable books on these subjects. “C. A. P.” writes from Keene giving a brief account of the flourishing condition of the Grange in that locality, but as the arti- cle is without name its publication must be “indefinitely postponed” under the general rule of universpl application by publishers. JUST as this number went to press we re- ceived the synopsis of an address delivered by H. Eshbaugh, Lecturer of the National Grange. which we have to defer to the next number. Do not overlook Bro. Burrington’s report -—-Aid for the Fire Sufferers. Patrons who suffered, were remembered by Patrons. VISITOR RECEIPTS (CONTINUED). APRIL. 28—P H Evans, $3.85; I B Hamilton, 1.25; Saml Felker, 1.00; W CJohnson, 1.00. 29—D R Bates, $2.80; Mrs Ann Shadle, 2.50; D D Cook, 1.00. MAY. 2-Victor Howland, $1.00; C L Tousey, 1.00; Asa Crofoot, 1.00. 3—G W VanAken, $1.50: J D Merrit, 3.00; S V R Earl, 2.10: A M Willett, 1.00. 4-Addie S Ames, $1.00; A Sainsburg, 1.00; J S Locke, 1.50. 5—S A Gardner, $1.00; Job Manby, 1.00. 6—R0bt Milne, $1.50; H E Ruthford, 1.10; J Beadle, 1. . ' 9-0 H P Sheldon, $1.00; T MSherifl‘, 1.40. l0—WA Webster, $1.20; H C Cooley, 2.00; Mrs S 0 Young, 1.00; B J McIntyre, 2.00. 11—H B Ross. $1.00; Mrs M Benjamine, 1.00. l2—Perry Babcock, $2.00; Ed Cuthburt, 1.00. The Farmers’ Review, of Chicago, is a most excellent agricultural weekly paper. Has full -market reports-—and is in the front rank on all questions that so much interest the producers of the country. Price $1.50 per year. By special arrangement we can send the Review to all new subscribers to the VISI- TOR. BOTH PAPERS oma: YEAR FOR ONE DOLLAR. MAY15, 1882. A Secretary of Agriculture. The following is the text of the bill adopted by the Committee on Agriculture last week and subsequently introduced to the House: A bill to enlarge the power and duties of the Depart- ment of Agriculture. Be 2! emwted, ¢f‘c., That the Department of Agriculture, established at the seat of Govern. ment of the United States. shall be an execu- tive department, under the supervision and control of a Secretary of Agriculture, who shall be appointed by the President. by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; and section 158 of the Revised Statutes is hereby amended to include such department, and the provisions of title 4 of the Revised Statutes are hereby made applicable to said department. Snc.2. That there shall be in said depart. meut an Assistant Secretary of Agriculture who shall be a practical agriculturalist, and the several chiefs of the bureaus hereinafter named to be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. for a term of four vears, who shall perform such duties as may be required by law or pre- scribed bv the secretary. SEC. 3- For the purpose of collecting and disseminating all important and useful infor- mation concerning agriculture, and also con- cerning such scientific matters and industrial pursuits as relate to the interests of agricul- ture, the Secretary shall organize the follow- ing bureaus, namely: First. the Bureau of Agricultural Products, which shall include di- visions of botany, entomology, and chemistry, the chief of which bureau shall be a practical agriculturist, who shall investigate the modes of farming in the several States and Territo- ries, and shall report such practical informa- tion as shall tend to increase the profits of the farmer respecting the various methods, the crops most profitable in the several sections, the preferable varieties of seeds, vines, plants and fruits. fertilizers, implements, buildings and similar matters. Second. the Bureau of Animal Industry, to be in charge of a compe- tent vetermarv surgeon, who shall investigate and report upon the number, value, and con- dition of the domestic animals of the United States, their protection, growth and use; the causes, prevention and cure of contagious. com- municable, or other diseases; and the kinds, races, or breeds, best adapted to the several sections for profitable raising. Third, the Bureau of Lands, the chief of which shall in- vestigate and report upon the resources or capabilities of the public or other lands for farming, stock-raising, timber, manufacturing, mining. or other industrial uses, and all powers and duties vested in the commission now known as the Geological Survey, to- gether with all clerks, employees, and agents. and all instruments, records, books, papers, &c., are hereby transferred to the Department of Agriculture and the Secretary may, through said bureau, institute such investiga- tions and collect such information, facts, and statistics relative to the mines and mining of the United States as may be deemed of value and importance. Fourth. the Bureau of Statistics, the chief of which shall collect and report. the agricultural statistics of the United States, and in addition, all im- portant information or statistics relating to industrial, educational, and agricult- ural colleges; to labor and wages in this and other countries; to markets and prices; to mode and cost of transporting agricultural pro- ducts and live stock to their final market; to the demand, supply, and prices in foreign markets; to the location, number, and pro- ducts of maufacturing establishments of whatever sort. their sources of raw material, methods, markets, and prices. and to such commercial and other conditions as may affect the market value of farm products or the in- terests of the industrial classes of the United States. And the Secretary is hereby author- ized to es ablish such divisions in this bureau. and to make such monthly or other reports as he shall deem most efl‘ect1ve for the prompt dissemination of such reliable information re- specting crops and domestic and foreign mar- kets as will be of service to the farmers or other industries of the United States. SE0. 4. The Secretary of Agriculture shall hereafter receive the same salary as is paid to the Secretary of each of the executive depart- ments. The salary of the Assistant Secretarv of Agriculture shall be the same as that paid to the Assistant Secretary of the Interior. The salary of a chief of bureau shall be the same as that paid to the Commissioner of In- dian Affairs. Sac. 5. All laws and parts of laws relating to the Department of Agriculture now in ex- istence. as far as the same is applicable and not in conflict with this act, and only so far, are continued in full force and effect. A Gritty Son. The Champion publishes a notice bya son that he will prosecute to the full extent of the law, any person furnishing any intoxi- cating liquors to his old father. The name appended to the notice is one well known in Atchison. Its owner has not been cons icuously active in religion, moral or philant ropic movements; he has never passed any considerable portion of his life in denouncing other people as “rummies" and “whiskyites,” but in the publication of this notice he means business, and if he gets the evidence he will make It very sultry for his offender. Heis not waiting for public sentiment to be educated up to his stand- point, but says : “ If you give this old man, tottering on the verge of the grave, any more whisky, I, myse 1', individually, without the assistance of any league or un- ion, with my own funds, will prosecute you as long as I can find you.” On this notice the Champion thus pungently remarks : We regret that the publication of such a notice is necessary. We should think that no creature standing on two legs,_ possessing clearly defined eye-brows, and without bris- tles down his spine, or hair on the inside of his hands, and calling himself a man, would, for ten or fifteen cents, push this old man as he stumbles and gropes to his grave. Of course no man with any sense of honor or decency will fail to regard this notice. If he does he may rest assured he will regret it. A word to the wise is sufllcient. The word has been given, and will stand in the Champion for a week, for the benefit of those it may concern. WE clip from the ' Husbandman “A New Method of Potato Culture," which some of our readers will see before their crop for this year is in the ground. We hope it will be tried the result reported to the Vrsrroa in October next. MAY 15, 1882. .m____.______________ TEE; GRANGE VISITOR. waiters Eepartment. Progress oi Patent Law Legislation. On the 29th of April the committee on patents in the House of Representatives re- ported the following bill and unanimously recommended its passage: BILL. No action for damages or proceedings in equity shall be sustained, nor shall the par- ty be held liable under section 4919 or 4921 of the Revised Statutes of the United States for the use of any patented article or device, when it shall appear on the trial that the defendant in such action or proceeding pur- chased said article for a valuable considera- tion in the open market. On reporting the bill, Mr. Caswell for the committee made an earnest effort to secure immediate consideration. But under the rules of the House this required unanimous consent. Mr. Hewitt, of New York, ob- jected, and the bill was ordered printed and placed on the calendar to come up in its or- der, unless the rules are suspended at some future time and ;the bill placed on its pas- sage. This will require a two-thirds vote. From the temper of the House manifested at the time the bill was reported, it seems more than probable that this may be done. It seems to me that this bill is in harmony with our demands. It is in accord with the principles of the bill drawn up by the sub- committee of the ex-committee by direction of the State Grange, and published in the VISITOR some time ago. If this bill should become a law, as we hope it may, the inno- cent purchaser of a patented article for his use will be exempt from action and danger of ac- tion for using an article that he honestly buys and pays for. During the brief discussion pending the effort to place the bill upon its immediate passage, it was stated that this bill had the approval of the Commissioner of Patents. Mr. Burrows, of Michigan, united with others in the effort to secure action at once. I have every reason to believe that the Mich- igan delegation in Congress is solid in favor of this righteous measure. And I make an earnest appeal to them to miss no proper op- portunity to place it in the statute as the law of the land. . Every honest man and every honest inter- est will be benefited by it. C. G. LUCE. Gilead, Mich., May 6th, 1882. The Sign of caution. The swindler is abroad again. I have just received the following letter from a brother Granger in Canada, which sufficiently ex- plains itself. He writes: “ On the morning of April 2d, a per- son came to my house and informed me that he was a Granger in distress. He said he had been to Bufialo with a car load of horses: and had taken the train to go home, had fallen asleep and while in this condition his pocket was picked, the thief taking all of his money and his ticket home. and the conductor had put him off the train, at Brantford, Canada. “I tested him in all of the signs known to the Order and found him correct. He wanted to borrow money to go home with. He gave his residence as Littleton, Michi- gan. 119 miles west of Detroit and 14 miles north of the Michigan Central R. R. at that point. He said he belonged to Big Mill Grange, No. 193, that the Master's name was John Allen, the secretary’s name was Charles Stratton. I lent him some money which he promised to pay as soon as he reached home. “He told me his name was Wm. Harris. I have not heard anything from him and I understand that there is no such place as Littleton in Michigan.” "I have been cheated out of my money, and am anxious to find out if there is such a per- son a member of the Order in your State. I think that if we can find this person, who- . ever he is (for I suppose he gave me a false name,) he should be exposed and expelled from the Order. He must have been a Granger from the way he answered all of my questions.” ' I withhold the brother’s name as I have not had time toobtain consent to this pub- lication. But he gives excellent references, and I have no doubt that the writer of the above letter is a genuine good Patron who has fallen a victim to this arrant swindler. He has plied his art for some years, telling this same old lie with so much pathos and show of genuine piety that he has been able to deceive the very elect. A brother in the Orderjustly honored above all his fel- lows was once done out of a small sum of money by this same chap, with the same lie. At that time he belonged to a Grange in Illinois. It is perhaps useless to say that he does not belong to any Grange in Michigan. That we never had a Big Mill Grange, No. 193. ‘ Our 193 was Ceresco, at White’s Sta- tion in Calhoun Co, 119 miles west of Detroit. I suppose this Grange is dormant as no reports have been received at this office for some years. This man is a swindler of the worst char- acter. This is published as a caution to all. andasan inducement to all who have an opportunity to aid in hunting him down. If he could be induced to goto Missouri, he can be finished up in short order. That State is blessed with a governor who dis- poses of thisolass of criminals in a sum- mary manner. Gilead, Mich, May 10th, G. LUCK" “ Michigan and its Resources.” This is a collection of facts, figures and statistics compiled under authority of the State of Michigan, by Frederick Morley, Commissioner of Immigration. The second edition is just out of the press, making a book in pamphlet form covering 166 wide pages. It contains more useful information‘ in re- gard to the soil, climate, productions, laws and institutions of our noble State than can be found in any other half-dozen books pub- lished. The compiler has kindly placed at our disposal copies enough to supply each Grange in the State with one copy. An ar- rangement has been made by which a copy will be mailed to the Secretary of each sub- ordinate Grange. I have furnished a list of these to the Secretary of the Governor who will address them directly from the pub- lishers. I The Secretaries will bear in mind that these books are for the Grange. Wherea library has been established they should be placed there with the other books. Where the Grange has no library the book should be left at the hall or taken to any meeting. It tells of so many things of interest to farmers and citizens of Michigan, that it can be used with profit to some or all at any time. ' It tells of our honest lands improved and unimproved. Of state and government lands. It tells of the mines and their prod- ucts. Of the lakes and rivers with their finny inhabitants. One arises from a perusal of the book with a more exalted opinion of our State than he had before. Patrons utilize the information it contains. Please do not think it worthless because it costs you nothing directly. C. G. LUCE. Aid for the Fire Sufferers. Bro. Oobb.-——-I suppose the readers of the VISITOR have been looking for a report from me, on the distribution of the funds contrib- uted by Patrons for the aid of our brothers and sisters who suffered by the forest fires of last September. The delay has been oc- casioned by the slowness with which the funds came in, and by protracted sickness and death in my family, which prevented me from givingas prompt personal atten- tion to the work of distribution as I could have desired. This I presume will be a sat- isfactory excuse for not making an earlier report. It would afford me great pleasure could I give credit, for the funds received, to the generous donors in different parts of the country, but the manner they have been re- ceived renders it impossible for me to do so. But a small portion has come to me directly from the donors, but has been sent through other hands and I have not the means of knowing from whom it came. The larger part has been forwarded through Brothers Luce. Woodman, Whitney and yourself. I have received from all sources in cash $1061.56. This has been distributed amongst twenty two families belonging to five differ- ent Granges, in sums varying according to their needs. I have also received and distributed four barrels and one box of clothing, and one package of seeds. I should like very much to give the readers of the VIsIToR the names of those who have received aid, and the amount paid to each, but for reasons that all Patrons will appre- ciate I do not deem it best at this time to do so. Should this be made known, the amount they have received in this manner would be deducted from the amount they are entitled to receive from the general re- lief. This I am sure of, as I know that ef- forts have been made by some of the agents for the distribution of the State funds to as- certain who has received aid from us. For this reason I do not deem it prudent to give the names of those who have received of the bounty given by Patrons in aid of their sufl.“ering brothers and sisters. A full and complete report will be made to the Master and Executive Committee of the State Grange. The aid has been timely and was grateful- ly received, and the hearts of our brothers and sisters have been cheered and strength- ened by the evidence that their sufferings had touched a responsive chord in the bos- Oms of generous Patrons all over our land. T heir love for the Order has increased, and they will labor with greater zeal to advance its interests. While many of our members suf- fe red heavily, the aid received from Patrons and from the general relief fund, has brought them safely through the winter, and will sustain them until another harvest. when they will be beyond the need of fur- ther assistance. I have endeavored to do thework assigned me in such a manner as would meet the ap- proval of the donors, (and have distributed the aid where I deemed it most needed. The sum at my disposal was not large, but has been sufficient to afford substantial aid to those of our members who suffered the greatest loss. _ I cannot close without giving my thanks to Brothers R. F. Wellwood and James An- derson of Sanilac county, and George S. Farrar and A. N. Hatch of Tuscola county, for efilcient aid rendered. J. Q. A. BUBBINGTON. .-.... - ~ -=»~'~“~'°=' A New York State Grange. Bro. Cobb.-—'l‘here are two copies of the VISITOR taken in our Grange. We like to hear from Patrons in Michigan, and are re- joiced to hear that they are doing so well. I have read selected essays and letters in our Grange from the VISITOR, and the brothers and sisters in our Order are so well pleased with the paper that the Worthy Steward, P. E. Cart, and myself have succeeded in ob- tain ten trial subscribers for three months, and one additional name, if it will not be an innovation against your rules. Our Grange has been growing steadily since its organiza- tion, March, 1881, so that now we have about one hundred members. The Bus- bandman is our State Grange paper, and an excellent paper it is, though not exclusively devoted to the interests of the Grange, as is the VISITOR. It is fighting monopolies manfully. I take the VISITOR and Brother Cart the Husbandman, and, as all good Grangers should be, we are on friendly terms. and exchange papers; thereby each one has the benefit of both, a saving for us; but not a gain to editors. but farmers who have to bear the burden of taxation must practice economy. Enclosed is a money or- der for the payment of GRANGE VISITOR for three months to eleven trial subscribers, amounting to one dollar and ten cents. Yours fraternally, H. E. RUTHERFORD, of Oswego Grange 437. Campville, Tioga Co., N. Y., May 1, 1882. _____.._..___._.___ The Visitor and the Grange. Bro. J. T. Cobb .-—When I get the VISITOR I like to find short reports from difl“erent Granges all around the State. It seems to me that is what the VIsiToR is for, or that is one thing it is for——to let its readers know of the condition of the Order in the State and Nation. I like the VISITOR very much -—would not and could not do without it. We might and ought to take thirty copies in our Grange, but don’t take but eight or nine. “Can’t afford it,” the members say, when I call their attention to it. At the same time these very Patrons are taking from one to two political party papers, each of which costs three times as much as the VISITOR. Now, I don’t think this is right. If I am a Patron I will be one and take a Grange paper, and when I can’t do that I will take a dimit and ‘a party paper. I think that would be more consistent. Eith- er be Patrons or get out of the flock altogeth- er. But my choice is to take hold of the old Grange plow handles and not look back, but keep an eye on the grand principles of the Order and the objects ahead. We have a good many Patrons in our Grange that are of the don’t care sort. We have some members—good Patrons that want to see the Grange prosper, and some that don’t seem to care whether the Grange goes up or down. Some are running after something else that draws their attention away from the Grange. Now, I think when we know that we have a good thing we should stick to it and not give attention to something else, to the injury of the Order, that we know is so good and useful to us. Let us let everything else go and stick to the Grange-—that’s me. Attend all meet- ings when it is possible. I am going to give a prize to the members who attend all the meetings of the year. Worthy Editor, I wanted to rest a little. I have been Secre- tary of No. 443 for five years, and have only missed two meetings in that time, though living a part of the time four miles from the hall. I think omcers should be in their places. But I have resigned the ofllce and Bro. John F. Miner was elected as my suc- cessor. Four miles is rather too far to in- sure attendance in all weather. But I shall be as good a Patron as ever and attend every meeting when I can. Fraternally yours, WM. CAMPBELL. ' Groveland, May 10, 1882. The Future of the Visitor. Bro. Cobb .-—Unfortunately I could not attend the last meeting of Cass County Po- mona Grange, and am not qualified to judge of the quality of the papers read. I have been so closely engaged with young stock and new men that I have found it impossi- ble togive the attention to preparation and revision of papers which they needed. I see, however, with pleasure that‘you have no lack of matter yet, your paper having been of unusual interest. Should the con- tributors thicken and the contributions im- prove in the futureas in the past the VISI- TOR will in the near future be one of the leading papers, if not the foremost paper in the Peninsula State. It contains already more real original thought than any State or county paper with which I am familiar. I hope and believe, not without reason, to see its size and circulation very much in- creased another year. Should be pleased to have you and as many of your people attend the meeting on the 31st at Cassopolis, as can make it convenient. Yours fraternally, GIDEON HEBRON. FERTILIZING WITH CLOVER.-N0thing helps land so much as clover. Old, worn- out fields can be put in a state of fair pro- ductiveness by sowing to clover and keep- ing in clover a few years. Clover makes good pasturage, and is especially valuable in seasons of drought, as it resists it better than any other past-urage crop. A New Method oi Potato Culture. Farmers near Philadelphia employ a process in planting and cultivating potatoes that gives them excellent crops at the small- est cost. Briefly stated the plan is, to take ground clean from weeds and plow to the depth of about four inches, make the fur- rowsas straight as possible and drop the seed at distances eighteen inches apart, each piece laced in the angle made by the fur- row,t at the rows may be straight when they come up, to facilitate after cultivation. A furrow is then turned over the seed, an- other furrow plowed and treated in like manner, thus making the rows a distance apart equal to the width of two furrows. The design is to make the furrows about nine inches wide, which makes the rows eighteen inches apart, and the seed eighteen inches apart in the rows. This completes the planting. The next step is to harrow the ground thoroughly with a light instru- ment that simply smooths and pulverizes the surface soil. If the land is in suitable condition for rolling. sometimes the roller follows, leaving the field smooth and even. Just about the time the sprouts appear the drag is again puton to make the whole surface completely mellow. This operation destroys all weeds that have started, and makes also a very efiicient cultivation for the potatoes. Under this treatment they grow rapidly and soon require further cultivation. This is effected by means of a narrow implement fitted for running between the rows, provid- ed with sharp narrow teeth—a sort of a compromise between a cultivator tooth and a drag tooth. All it does is to cut up the surface and destroy what weeds may have appeared subsequent to the previous drag- ging. This cultivation is repeated at inter- vals until the tops are too large, after which nothing more is done. It will be noticed that the field is left all through cultivation fiat. No heaping up of hills, no work with the hoe, unless it is necessary now and then to cut out a few weeds that appear between the hills in the rows. If an weeds at- tain considerable size and there y interfere with the growth of the potatoes they are pulled up by the hand. By this method of planting there are at least three times as many hills as in ordinary field culture. The theory is that the eighteen inches of space furnish sufilcient room for each hill, and that the ground is more fully utilized than by common planting. The object in plant- ing single pieces, cut to single e es, is to prevent. an undue growth of tops. Gf course, ut a single sprout appears from each piece, and this sprout has eighteen inches of space. When the potatoes attain full size, they cover the ground complete] 'and smother out whatever weeds may be lef . As to the yield, it is claimed that it is greatly in excess of that obtained by ordi- nary culture, a claim apparently justified by the greater number of hills, each accorded sumcient space in which to develop tubers. Col. Piollett, ,of'Wysox, Pa., has employed this method for two or three years. He says his crops have been much larger than before. Even in the past year when pota- toes sutfered considerably from drouth, he had about two hundred bushels to the acre, and a previous crop raised by this method gave four hundred and fifty bushels to the acre. When the time comes for digging the plow is used. It will be observed that the method of planting secures absolutel straight rows, and a uniform depth of four inches, or whatever other distance the plow is set to run. The potatoes will be found at about the same depth. Now the plow is set to run a little deeper than the hills, and is driven straight as before. This turns the hill up so that the potatoes lie on the surface. They are gathered up, all that appear, when a light cultivator is run over the field and any that may have been concealed are likely to be thrown to the surface,where they may be seen easily and gathered without hin- draiice.—IIusbandman. ___.___.___________._ The Apple Tree Borer. The Massachusetts Ploughman is one of our most valuable exchanges. We clip the following from a late issue and suggest that the application of “a stitch in time saves nine” theory is sure to work in the protec- tion of young trees from these secret but ac- tive enemies. “The large orchardist need not be remind- ed that the season is at hand for looking after this, one of the most destructive ene- mies to the young orchard, if permitted to have its own way; but the owner of a small orchard, unless occasionally reminded of the importance of looking after his trees, will sometimes neglect them so long that the borers will get possession before he is aware of it. “It should be the aim of every fruit grower to keep the borer from obtaining a lodging place in his orchard; for when a borer once gets into a tree and eats away the bark, he leaves an inviting place for the beetle to lay her eggs, and it also gives the young worm a good place to commence life in; the uneven surface gives him a bet- ter chance to hide away from the orchard- ist. - “A tree with a smooth trunk is a great protection, because an egg will rarely hatch if deposited on a smooth surface. The bee- tle evidently understands this, and very rarely deposits an egg on a smooth surface, but almost igvariably selects some old scar in the tree, here the egg can be deposited in a sheltered position, and also where it will be kept moist., ‘ “It is best to examine carefully every tree early in May. This should be done by scraping the earth away from the tree sev- eral inches below the surface; then with a good sized knife scrape the tree. If any borers are in the tree, they will be discov- ered by their castings. Worms of one year’s growth will be found from two to five inches below the surface of the ground, just under the inner bark of the tree, having on- tered slightly into the wood. They are eas- ily found by letting the knife follow down the channel they have made in their down- ward passage. Worms that are full grown will be found six or eight inches above the surface, having passed up through the wood during the winter to the perfect in- sect, and are about ready to leave the tree. A close examination will disclose the po- sitlon he occupies by a small dead spot on the bark of a tree, for the worm before changing eats his way out so near that but a mere thin skin of the outer bark is left. The beetle is easily killed when his hiding place is discovered. - “Having destroyed all of the borers in the tree, others should be kept out by lac- ing a cone of sand or line gravel aroun the trunk of the tree up to a smooth surface. This should be removed in September, and the trees again examined.” NOTICES OF MEETINGS. The next meeting of the St. Joseph Coun- ty Grange will be held with Leonidas Grange June 1st. A good program is ar- ranged. All fourth degree members are cordially invited to attend. WM. HULL, Lecturer. The regular quarterl meetin of Kalama- zoo County Grange wi l be he! with Texas Grange, No. 171, at their hall on Thursday, June 1st. Program of the day : The meeting will be called to order at ten o’clock sharp. Essay-— Prelparation and Application of Manures—A. ankboner. Breeding and Raising of Horses—E. A. Strong. Recess for dinner. AFTERNOON. Reports from Subordinate Granges. Conterring of the 5th degree. Essay by Mrs. Nathan Pike—Essayist to select her own subject. Present and Future of the Farmer—Z. O. Durkee. Review of Grange Work——S. F. Brown. What kind of Stock shall we keep on our “ Small Farms?—-A. Haas. Fourth degree members are cordially in- vited to attend and participate in the dis- cussions which will follow the presentation of these several su ojects. The Clinton County Pomona Grange will hold its next meeting at the South Riley Grange hall on Wednesday, June 7th, com- mencing at 10 a. M. A cordial invitation is extended to all members of the Order. Tile Draining will be the subject for general dis- cussion. FRANK CONN, Sec’y. The next meeting of Western Pomona Grange, No. 19, of Ottawa and Muskegon Counties will be held with Tallmadge Grange, No. 639, at their hall, May 25 and 26, 1882. -All 4th degree members are cordially invited to attend. Jas. G. VAN SKIVER, Sec’y. A meeting of Cass County Pomona Grange will be held on the fair grounds at Casso lis on the 31st inst. Program : Cal ing to order by the Worthy Master at 11 A. M. Music. Reading program. Refreshments. Music. Address by State Lecturer. Essay by Mrs. Robert Wiley. Music. Essay by Gideon Hebron. By order of Committee. The next meeting of the St. Joseph Co. Pomona Grange will be held with Leonidas Grange, No. 266, in their hall at the resi- dence of D. Millard, four miles north-east of the village of Mendon. An open meeting will be held in the grove in the afternoon, to which all friends of the Order are cordially invited. S. H. ANGEVINE, Sec'y. Under the auspices of District Grange, No. 17, a series of lectures has been arranged for Brother Thomas F. Moore, of Adrian, as follows: June lst—at Kingsley station, Town of Paradise, Grand Traverse, Grand Traverse County, 7 o'clock, P. M. June 2d—at Williamsburg, 1 :30 P. M. Same evening, at Elk Lake Grange, 7 o‘.clock P. M. June 3d-—at Traverse City Grange hall 1:30 P. M. June 5th——to arrange. June 6th and 7th at the meeting of’ the Pomona Grange at Silver Lake hall. Will speak at 7 P. M. of the 6th, Grange open at 1 P. M. of the same day. These lectures are all dpublic and every- body is cordially invite to come out and hear the farmer speak. 8. H. HYDE, See. The next meeting of Hillsdale County Grange will be held at the Allen Grange hall on the first Wednesday in June. Pro- gram as follows : Select Reading—Sister Benedict. Address by the Worthy Lecturer-—Subject. the science of Living. Select reading—Sister Mumford. Q,uestion—In what way can Woman’s Moral Influence be, best felt in Society- Discussion opened by Sister McDougal. Essay—-Sister Freeman. Q,uestlon—Are the Burdens of Supporting our Government equally distributed ? Dis- cussion opened by Brother Benedict. N. T. BROCKWAY. The next regular quarterly meeting of Lapeer County Pomona Grange, NO. 29, will be held with Lapeer Grange No. 216, at Hunter’s Creek, June 8th, 1882, meeting to commence at 1 o'clock P. M. It isim- portant that all Patrons of Lapeer County should be present, as permanent arrange- ments for shipping wool will be made at this meeting. The following is the pro- gram: 1st discussion——Which is the best method of making underground drains, with tile or wood, and at what depth should they be placed to secure the best results ?——H. Brad- shaw. 2nd discussion—-How much education is necessary for the farmer and his wife. for their success as farmers ‘.’—E. Bartlett. . 3d discussion—Would it be advisable for the Grange to build store-houses at railroad stations in which to store their produce ?-—- H. S. SCHELL, Sec’y. THE agricultural colleges, boards of agri- culture and agricultural societies are all _solicitous for the support of the agricultural press. and so it should be, if those institu- tions are established for the benefit of farm- are. But why is it that their ofilcials usually send reports of their meetings, copies of their documents, and take measures for send- ing telegraphic crop reports to the daily press in advanw of sending them to the ag- ricultural papers, through which they must eventuall reach their constituents? In their pub lc addresses these gentlemen fre- quently urge the importance of the daily papers, but rarely endorse the labors of the weeklies. Are city speculators and mer- chants of more importance than the farmers? -—.E:rchange. ..,... ,4. ._-. Jun ‘-,$s,av:l:i'¢]a:ve(itRvIEIIlLi{neet with favor with those who wish to purchase a device to raise cream by the cooling § E E I} -§ ,. process, combined with a Refrigerator. The lower OF EVERY VARIETY. of all sizes answers the purpose of cooling cham- ioxis or issniiiihiriis luriialedllllllll $’ For Agencies address the manufacturers. Varieties not used to be returned. JOHN PRESTON, Pleasant, Mlclh, WHITE RUSSIAN OATS. lmar-6t Agent for Kent County. Special Prices to Patrons on Application. Grange Seal Stolen—Caution—lmposler. Some one, to me unknown, entered the apartment where the seal of the Knickerbocker Grange was kept and stole impressions of said seal on sheets of paper, and one E. A. Quarterman has been using said sheets of paper with the stolen impressions on, signing himself, “ Yours fraternally,” when he was not even a P. of H. The letters and seal are gener- ally used to get lists of names from Secretaries of State Granges, and to imposeapaint on Patrons under the idea that they are buying the celebrated Ingersoll Ready Mixed Paint. All Masters, Over- seers, Lecturers. Secretaries of P. of H. are requested to read this letter to their Grange, that this imposter may be known. Fraternally, O. R. INGERSOLL, aprlbtf Master Knickerbocker Grange. TEE ZALAMAZOO BUSINESS COLLEGE and Q‘) NEW GROCERY PRICE LIST NOW BEAD'Y. SEND FOR IT. GEORGE W. HILL, 80 Woodbfidge St., West, Feb.ltf DETROIT, MICK. “ BUY THE BEST!” THE STODDABD CHURN 'NST'TUTEv ‘ ' Ofiers superior advantages to young Men and Women or dashers inside. The cov- er removed in an instant, and replaced as quickly. » G I D E R .s{l:.Y.f.l‘ "Enh- - h‘ 1 ’ t an Cl‘ CV3 , the hmwtpeizibition zf §cl1?l)}v:sl:"a’nguSn:i'gbu‘li1pI(h’l‘\i’lls3 (<;:§3.iaERéa§1 Mill; r an . actual test with the lead- lmyfitlstpm ' “ I iug Chums manufactured. ‘F menasr awanns at A f’ Send for Circulars to the manutacturers. to IIOSELEY as STODDARD smvc. co., Pu-bhshlng Co'_ for e_St1" P°'“'-°¥- "°"-°-*- mates on Printing, Bind- The 19039 P013111-'31‘ Chnm who wish to qualify for business. Sand for Journal on the ma.rkctx~ No floats giving particulars, W. F. PARSONS, Presf. Cork packing. that never leaks. The highest award, .. ....;"’.‘i.“..’.f‘€.“,;‘,°Y.‘;:.“‘““° i§.$'iS.°'¢:.“‘¢§‘1ii‘}l’llii-T’3i€‘§i§é‘i:3fi’,°"n‘iif§i:; ..a..g fail ‘rs. in issi. mom Sizxs made, with or without pulleys, as desired. Agent: Wanted. JOHN PRESTON. Pnuautr, . line-60 o Agouttcrmintcounty. mg, and Blank Books. . .. ‘NM mo,-..-..-..v,:,