VOLUME 8,——NO. 13. WHOLE NO. 141. “ THE FARMER IS 3 [Printed by Kalamazoo Publishing Co.] on MORE coivsno UENCE THAN THE FARM, AND SCHOOLCRAFT, MICH., JULY 1, 1882. SHOULD BE FIRST IMPROVED.” \ g YOUR SUBSCRIPTION ‘- VVILL EXPIRE WITH THIS.. I Entered at the Post Ollice at Kalamazoo as Second Class matter. The dung: diiaitm (BNLARGED) Published on the First and Fifteenth of every month, AT FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM, Eleven Copies for 35.00. J. T. COBB, Editor and Manager, To whom all communications should be addressed, at Schoolcrait, Mich. Remittances should be by Registered Letter, Money Order. or Draft. INDEX TO THIS NUMBER. The Planting of the Apple-Tree—Michigan Crop Report, June 1, 18S2—Shipping Wool to Boston- —-— alks on Poultry, No. 10-Bronze Turkey Eggs —J. Webster Childs—The Apple Worm, . . . . . . . . 1 Communication from Worthy Master Woodman.. 2 Fences—Patent Law-Resolutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3 The State Capitol Engraving— Patent-Rights Wis- dom—Reviewed — Reviewed — North American Review-Questions Answered—To Secretaries- Protection of the Courts, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 Patent Law Discussion—Speech of Hon. J. T. Rich —Notices of Meetings, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. The Dawning Light—Discussion—I-Iouse Plants- Cost of Living in Germany—How they "Saved the Boy—Agricultural College Graduates—-Has it Paid?——How to Cook Rice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Seeds—Wrecked—Wi1l Criticised—From the other Side—Delinquent Members—Property and Matri- mony-—Wrongs to Right—Answered .......... .. 7 An Agent at Bufialo—The Value of Drainage—Ad- vertisements, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 Officers National Grange. H'.Ls'rna—-J. J. WOODMAN,.. .Paw Paw, Michigan. Ovnnsnsa—PUT. DARDEN, ......... . .Mississippi. Lxcruasa—HENRY ESHBAUGH, .... ..Missouri. . Mawaan-A. J. VAUGHN, .......... ..Mississippi. Assr. STEWAED—WlLLIAM SIMS, ...... ..Kansas. Ga.arr..un—S. H. ELLIS, .................. ..0hio. Taiusuasa-—F. M. McDOWELL, .... ..New York. slGRETABY—WM. M. IRELAND, Washington, D.C. Gar:-Kansas.-0. DINWIDDIE, ....... ..Indiana. Clans-—MRS. J. J. WOODMAN, ...... ..Michigan. Poxoxu—MRS. PUT. DARDEN, .... ..Mississippi. !‘r.oIu—MRS. I. W. NICHOLSON,...New Jersey. Lu)! Assr. Srawaan-MRS. WM. SIMS, Kansas. Executive committee- D. WYATT AIKEN, ............ ..South Carolina. 3. JAMES, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..I.ndiana. W. G. WAYNE, .................... ..New York. Officers Michigan, State Grange. M.—C. G. LUCE. ........................ ..Gilead. O.—A. N. WOODRUFF, ............. ..Watervliet. 8.-8. A. TOOKER, .......... ........ ..La.nsing. A. 8.——A. E. GREEN, ............... . .Farmington. L.——CHARLES E. MICKLEY . . . . . . . . . . ..Thurber. 0.—-SALMON STEEL, ..... . .Frankfort, Benzie Co. T.—S. F. BROWN, .................. ..Schoolcraft. BIo.—J. T. COBB, ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Schoolcraft. G. K.—ELIJAH BARTLETT, ........... . .Dryden. 0sass.——Mas. A. S. STANNARD, ........ ..Lowell. PoIoxA.—Mns. H. D. PLATT, ......... . .Ypsilanti. Fr.oaL.—Mns. A N. WO0DRU'FF,....Watervliet. 13. A. .-—M:Bs. A. E. GREEN, ....... . .Farmington. Executive committee- . 1. Q. A. BURRINGTON, Chairman, .... ..Tusco1a. ' J. wnnsraa cnnns, .............. ..Ypsilanti. I‘. M. HOLLOWAY, ................... . .Hillsdale. THOMAS MARS, ............... .. Berries Center. WM. SATTERLEE, ........ ... .... ..Birmingham. TEOS. F. MOORE,.. .. . ................ . .Adrian. J’. G RAMSDELL ................. . .Traverse City. 0. G. LUCE, J. T. COBB, ............ ..Ex-oflicio. State Business Agent. THOMAS MASON, ................. ..Chicago, I11. 030. W. HILL ......................... ..Detroit. General Deputy. JOHN EOLBROOK .................... . .Lansing. Special Lecturers. Thee-. F. Moore, ............. . .Adrian, Lenawee Co. I. L. Stevens. ............. ..Perrv, Shiawassee Co. In. 8. Steele, .............. ..Manton, Wexford Co. Andrew Campbell, ..... ..Ypsila.nti, Washtenaw Co. J’. W. Wing .......... ..Ann Arbor, Washtenaw Co. WOBMs.—No remedy equals that of turning hogs into the orchard, and then thinning out the wormy apples. This gives the fruit and worms to the appreciative swine. The fair fruit will remain on the tree, and be the better for the thinning process, and we will soon be rid of the insects. Fruit growers can be induced to do this, and it is therefore the most practical remed . Some prefer jhoep to hogs to turn into e orchard. from 979 correspondents, representing 714 townships. of these returns are from 399 townships in the southern four tiers of counties. lowed by cold, wet weather in May. At the office of the State Board of Health, in Lan- sing, on the first day of May, the thermom- eter registered 27° F., on the second 30°, on the fifteenth 31°, and on the twenty-third 34°. The average temperature for the month was 53.10° as compared with 66.9-4° the fifteen years, Agricultural College, was 58.10°. on twelve days to the amount of 4.33 inches, as ccimpared 1.85 inches in the month of Apri ly maintained its condition but, in the lat- ter part of the month vitality. better in the southern four tiers of coun- ties and 33 State, than on the first of June 1881. figuresare nearly identical with those ob- tained in comparing the condition on the first of May 1881. Seven per cent each of the wheat and corn crops, and six percent of the oats crop, of 1881, it is estimated, is still in farmers hands. terfered with the preparation of land for corn, and unusual delay in planting. On the first of J planted. doubtless 1881, but at the time the reports were sent dniwllnai Ewnimwi. THE PLANTING OF THE APPLE-TREE. BY WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT. Come, let us plant the apple tree. Cleave the tough greensward with the spade; \Vide let its hollow bed he made; There gentl lay the roots, and there ti Sift the dar mold with kindly care, And press it o’er them tenderly; As ’round the sleeping infant’s feet We softly fold the cradle sheet, So plant we the apple tree. What plant we in this apple tree? Buds, which the breath of summer days Shall lengthen into leafy sprays; Boughs, where the thrush, with crimson breast Shall haunt and sing, and hide her nest; We lant upon the sunny lea A sha ow for the noontide hour, A shelter from the summer shower, When we plant the apple tree. What plant we in this apple tree? Sweets for a hundred flowery springs To load the May-wind’s restless wings, When, from the orchard row, he pours Its fragrance through our open doors; A world of blossoms for the bee, Flowers for the sick girl’s silent room, For tne glad infant sprigs of bloom, We plant with the apple tree. ble, but peaches now \Vhat plant we in this apple tree! Fruits that shall swell in sunny June, And redden in the August noon, And drop, when gentle airs come by, That fan the blue September sky; While children come, with cries of glee And seek them where the fragrant grass Betrays their bed to those who pass, At the foot of the apple tree. And when, above this apple tree, The winter stars are glittering bright, And winds go howling through the night, Girls whose young eyes o'e'rflow with mirth Shall eel its fruit by cottage hearth, An guests in prouder homes shall see Heaped with the grape of Cintra’s vine, And golden orange of the line, The fruit of the apple tree. The fruitage of this apple tree, Winds and our flag of stripe and star Shall bear to coasts that lie afar, Where men shall wonder at the view, And ask in what fair groves they grew; And sojourners beyond the sea Shall think of childhood’s careless day, And long, long hours of summer play, In the shade of the apple tree. Each year shall give this apple tree A broader flush of roseate bloom, A deeper maze of verdurous gloom, And loosen when the frost-clouds lower, The crisp brown leaves in thicker shower, The years shall come and pass; but we Shall hear no longer, where we lie, The summer songs, the autumn’s sigh, In the bow of the apple tree. And time shall waste this apple tree, Oh, when its aged branches throw Thin shadows on the ground below, Shall fraud and force and iron will Oppress the weak and helpless still? What shall the tasks of mercy be, Amid the toils, the strifes, the tears Of those who live when length of years Is wasting this little apple tree? “Who planted this old apple tree?” The children of that distant day Thus to some aged man shall say; And, gazing on its mossy stem; The gray-haired man shall answer them: “A poet of the land was he, Born in the rude but good old times; ’Tis said he made some quaint old rhymes On planting the apple tree.” Michigan Crop Report, June 1, 1882. For this report returns have been received Five hundred and ninety-three The cold, dry weather of April was fol- in May, 1881. The average temperature of May for 1864 78, at the State Rain fell Whleat, during the month of May, not on- greatly, increased in The estimates show the con- dition, June 1, to have been 41 per cent per cent better in the entire These with the condition May 1, The unfavorable weather seriously in- une very many fields were yet to be The acreage in corn this year will exceed somewhat the acreage In and in barley The condition of cats is 93 per cent, of barley 94 per cent, clover meadows and pastures 79 per cent, timothy meadows and pastures 86 per cent, and clover sowed this year 99 per cent of the condition June 1, 1881. one-tenth of the acreage seeded to clover this year has failed to grow. in it was yet too early to make satisfactory estimates. The acreage in oats is slightly in excess, about the same as in 1881. About The condition of oats in the southern four ers of counties is 93 per cent, of barley 94 per cent, of clover meadows and pastures 74 per cent, of timothy 85 per cent, and of 104 per cent of the condition one year ago. meadows and pastures clover sowed this year In View of the very general loss by drouth, of the clover seed sowed last year, and of one-third or more of the clover in meadows and pastures by winter-killing, it is safe to say that the amount of clover to be cut in Michigan the present season will be less than one-fifth the amount of an average an- nual yield. affect the quantity and price of hay and the cost of carrying stock the coming winter. The suggestion is therefore offered that time- ly provision should be great loss and inconvenience likely to arise from this deficiency by a very generalresort to the several forage crops. such assowed corn, millet, and Hungarian grass. This deficiency must seriously made against the The prospects for apples continue favora- promise only 82 per cent. of an average crop, as compared with 105 per cent on the first of May. The wages for farm hands, per month, av- erage, for the southern four tiers of counties, $17.78 with board, and $25.58 without board, and for the entire State $18.55 with board, and $27.46 without board. The wages per month in Ohio, as shown by the Ohio crop report, are without board, and in Illinois, as shown by the Illinois crop report. $18.87 with board ‘ and $25.52 without board. $16.67 with board, and $25.02 Re orts have been received of the quantity of w eat marketed by farmers during the month of May at 358 elevators and Mills. Of these 290 are in the southern four tiers of counties, which is six-tenths of j:,.:,".arhole number of elevators and mills in these counties. ported marketed is 827,446. of which 226,350 bushels were marketed in the first or south- ern tier of counties, 286.612 bushels in the second tier, 167,981 bushels in the third tier, 119,045 bushels in the fourth tier, and 27,558 bushels in the counties north of the south- ern four tiers. 12 per cent. of the whole number from which reports have been received, there was no ‘wheat marketed during the month. At 257 elevators and mills the quantity of wheat marketed was 614,283 bushels, which is 78 per cent of the quantity marketed at the same places during the month of April. The total number of bushels re- At 44 elevators and mills. or Crop and stock reports received from the supervisors of 826 townships show that there were 1,810,003 sheep sheared in 1881, yielding 9,876,665 pounds of wool. an average of 5 46-100 pounds per head. The reports also show that the number of sheep in the same townships in 1882 was 1,879,385, which is 3.8 per cent. more than the number sheared in 1881. ponding increase in the shiplp, there will be 2,175,033 sheep sheared in t e clip at the above average per head will be 11,875,680 pounds. This is If there has been a corres- remaining town- State the present year, and the total Shipping Wool to Boston. B1-other Cobb.--—Noticing a short article in the VISITOR in reference to sending wool to Fenno & Manning, and believing it the only way farmers should dispose of this valuable product of the farm, I thought perhaps I might be able to add a few words that would be encouragement to some doubting minds. Last year the members of Springville Grange commenced dealing with this firm and sent forward 5,782 lbs. of wool, and would have sent more had not the hearts of some failed them. The results were satis- factory as you nmy know, for every one that did so dispose of his wool has again sent it forward, and many mdre with them. The amount already shipped has reached 10,500 lbs., (nearly double that of last year), and more will soon follow. Now, brother Patrons and friends, if you are tired of the pulling and hauling shirk- ing and grumbling which you have so long been subject to in selling your wool, and would be dealt fairly with, and have your wool bring just what it is worth, send it to Fenno & Manning, Boston. Send it once and you will send it again, and in so doing you will learn what class of wool is adapted to the wants of the manufacturer, and you will be benefited in more ways than one. Hoping this will reach the people before the wool is all sold, I remain, Yours fraternally, SECRETARY. Springville Grange, No. 279. Springville, J une 27, 1882. Talks on Poultry, No. 10. VVe are tired of hearing so much of our own talk, and we presume readers share this feeling. The summer numbers of poultry magazines seem to be full of interest. We will first mention the name of the paper, and that may be considered as crediting to that journal the substance of the paragraph. We were not a little surprised a while ago to again see the familiar look of one of these “Talks on Poultry” copied into a prominent journal without a word of credit. Now, we are not ambitious, like Caesar was, but we could not help thinking that had they annexed the words “Grange Visitor” to that clipping. their editorial souls would have felt better at church the next Sunday. Poultry Bulletin: In an article on duck breeding they do not consider it necessary to have water. Duck’s eggs for hatching require moisture———an occasional sprinkling with tepid water. One article that caught our attention was on the Silky Fowl, so called from the feathers, which are more like hair than feathers. They are of ancient origin, and belong to the Asiatic variety. Their weight is from two to three pounds. The skin and comb are a dark purple color, but the flesh is palatable. The hens are gcod mothers. The males and females look almost exactly alike. Their main recom- mendation is that they cannot fly much more than a dog, because of the peculiar formation of their feathers. They have no beauty to recommend them, but are curi- osities. The Bulletin passes its judgment in these words, “ They are fair layers of small, bull‘-colored eggs.” Another article was on the Habits of the Wild’ Fowl, advising poultry keepers to study and follow nature' First, the nest, in a hollow spot of ground under a shrub, the damp earth beneath and the warm feathers of the hen above, as science has shown that successful hatching needs two temperatures. A wild fowl never gets too fat, which is as fatal an extreme for usefulness as the opposite. The formation of roosts should be like the smaller branches of a tree with room for flying up and down. American Agriculturist advances the theory that, at present prices, wheat is a cheaper, as well as a better feed for poultry than corn. Corn meal has killed more young chicks than all other causes. Northwest Farmer, Vol. 1, No. 1, pub- lished at Traverse City, Mich., advises the use of eggs instead of meat as an article of diet. It says toast with egg and a light dressing of butter is food fit for a king, if a king deserves any better food than the rest of us, which is doubtful. Eggs boiled four minutes are more wholesome than fried eggs. American Poultry Journal: First is the view of a cheap, practical poultry house. It has a cupola for ventilation; on the south side’ are large windows; along the north side is a. passage way, and along the inner wall are the nests, the opening of the nests being toward the main room, except the nests in which you have sitting hens—these nests being turned around to face and give sitting hens the run of the passage way and them only. In this way hens cannot lay to those sitting. In the article Work for the Month it argues that all nests should be refilled and kerosened liberally, and that the hen house needs fumigating, as this warm weather brings vermin—an unwel- come guest; young stock are better out doors, day and night under shelter. If you set no more hens, most of the roosters may be killed as you wish them, as eggs are as good for eating as if fertilized. Another article shows the wonderful value of milk as summer food for fowls, especially young ones. Allow chicks freedom with the hen after a week or so old. Feed old hens noth- ing but a little grain at night with occasion- ally soft food, in which mix sulphur and charcoal. The Journal has more than one good word for the White Leghorn,—“Most popular fowl, front rank of useful and fancy’ poultry, wonderful layers winter and sum- mer, active and industrious foragers, rear easy, feather young, lay early and turn food into nice white eggs.” Poultry World : From editor Stoddard of Hartford, Connecticut, we acknowledge the receipt of his 25c series of books on subjects which interest every farmer and poultry- man. We are partial to the World. Back numbers are always on hand. With the 12 numbers comes an index at the end of the year by which you can look up any subject in the volume; no advertisements are in- serted among reading matter. By remitting 75 cents extra you receive 12 chromos of fowls in life-like colors—real jems of art. The lrVorld starts the month with a plea for white wash, as the political ward bummer votes, “early and often.” It asks that sit- ting hens be broken of the fever humanely by confinement in a place with some range, food, water, and dust baths. Cholera is on the decrease, because sanitary conditions are being better understood. The tendency this time of the year is over feeding. If you are troubled with owls. put a live chicken in a coop. Tiea dead one to a stake, set two or three steel traps near the stake. As Mr. Owl fails to get the live chick he goes for the dead one which doesn’t come easy, whereupon he alights and the trap takes him into its loving embrace, and you can finish his career in the morning. It did not state whether this is practical for hawks as well. Ten illustrations are given of poultry houses in this number, with descriptions; plans of each, from one costing a few dollars to another that reaches into the hundreds. Oats are highly recommended as a food for fowls this weather. Guinea fowls keep hawks away from your premises. Salt is necessary in soft mixed food. Egg produc- tion for the different breeds ranksas follows: Leghorns, 160 eggs annually; Plymouth Rocks, 150; Brahmas and Cochins, 130. Cost of feed this year, $1.12, or double that of last year. Another correspondent got tired of the Asiatlcs and purchased Leg- horns and received 15 eggs from each hen per month in a flock of 15 fowls. The World sends mammoth Russian Sunflower seeds at 25 veins per package. Grand View “:‘.rm,} OLD P,,UL,rRY Kalnnizm:-:-. Bronze Turkey Eggs. Mr. ; ‘Mar.-—Will you kindly tell me through your paper where I can procure eggs for batching of the Bronze Turkey ? If the description given in the VISITOR of June 15 isa true one, this must be a very desirable fowl to keep and I would like to try them. Yours. respectfully. Mrs. J. S. BIDWELL. Allegan, June 23, 1882. J. Webster Childs. Worthy Brother Cobb .- —-I thought it might be a matter of interest to the many readers of the VISITOR to learn of the health of our esteemed brother J. Webster Childs. I be- lieve, sir, that there was no man whose whole action has told in the grange work of Mich- igan more effectually than that of our brother Childs. I visited him at his home on June 15th. Found him more comfortable than I ex- pected, yet he is very feeble and weakened by his unyielding disease. He does not en- tirely relinquish hope, but is willing to hide the great Master’s will in whatever seems best. He is able to be around, and in a great measure supervises his farm work (although he ought to delegate it to others in duty to himself.) He is the worthy master of the Grange in this locality, and the members out of respect for him, called an afternoon meet- ing to be held the day I visited him. It gave me much pleasure to attend this meeting with very many of his friends. Although weak and feeble, his whole heart was fired anew with the noble work of our Order, to which he has, in times past, given so much valuable labor. I can only say if it please God, may he be restored to health again. For the sake of his dear, noble wife, for the sake of his Christian influence, for the sake of humanity, and for his grand influence in our noble Order. Fraternally yours, THOS. F. Moonn. The Apple Worm. The codling moth lays its eggs from the time the apples set till the last of Au ust. The worms will be found in the fruit rom some time in June till the apples are carried into the cellar. There are two broods each year, and the moths of each broodscatter along for some weeks. The worms com- mence leaving the fruit the first of July, or about six weeks after the trees blossom. and continue to leave until after the apples are taken to the cellar. By placing a and of woolen cloth five inches wide about the trunks of the trees, the worms will, as they leave the fruit, hide under these band. They remain under the bands for ten or twelve days before they come out as moths. So by examining these bands every ten days, the insects may be killed. This remedy is not satisfactory unless all will practice it. So it generally falls to satisfy. .. iv-<0 - 1.‘ , ,u~q--.-,._w.m»w-«.>.».~.......-.. ........ ~.....,... .. . 2 "SEE GRANGE VISITOR. JULY 1, 1882. Communication from Wor- thy Master Woodman. The Condition of the Order. The National Grange at its last session adopted the following resolution :—'- Resolved, That it shall be the duty of Masters of Subordinate Grauges to report to the Masters of their State Granges at the end of the March and September quarters the standing of their respective Granges, their general work, experience in co-opera- tion, and such other facts as mav tend to show their real standing. and the causes that have contributed to their success or retarded their progress. And Masters of the several State Granges shall summar- ize such reports recorded at the close of the first quarter and send such abstract of the same, together with such suggestions for the good of the Order as they may deem of importance, to the Master of the National Grange, and also shall report in writing to the National Grange on the second day of the ses- sion, first thereafter, the general standing and needs of the Order in their several States. The following reports from Masters of State Granges have been received up to this date. MASSACHUSETTS. . The Winter season just closed has shown a greater activity in Grange work in all its features, than any other time since the years of the first introduction of the Order into the State. VVith three or four exceptions every Grange has added to its membership, some as many as forty to fift , while very many have in- creased from fteeu to twenty-five members during the past six months. The new ad- ditions are mostly from what we recognize as the most intelligent, active, and practical agriculturalists in their several communi- ties, and their experience and influence, combined with that of the older members of the Order, has had a very beneficial effect upon the Grange meetings, which have been more fully attended than ever before, the addresses and discussions full of inter- est and enthusiasm, and the varied exercises that have been introduced at the meetings have shown greater care and deeper thought in their preparation. The benefits that must certainly accrue to such members as will profit by the information and experiences that have.been laid before them cannot be overestimated. The meetings of the County and District Granges have been largely attended and full of interest. The addresses have been pre- pared with great care, showing much study and research in their production, and the discussions have been very animated and interesting, showing that our farmers are not indifierent to many of the questions of the hour that are agitating the minds of Patrons all over the land. Many of these meetings have, part of the day, been open to the public, and thus afforded an opportunity for many “ outside the gates '’ to gather something of an idea of the work in which we are engaged. This, with the reports of the addresses and discussions furnished the local press, and the distribution of Grange papers in the community, have done very much to remove prejudice among the farm- ers; and when that disappears, accessions to our Grange membership rapidly follow. Three new Granges have been organized in this State since January, and three inac- tive were re organized. We expect some others will “ wheel into line” before the close of the year. More work has been done in the lecture field than ever before, and the “ man at the helm” has made a personal visit to nearly every Grange locality in the State, and met hundreds of Patrons face to face, on “ their own camping-ground.” Very valuable assist- ance has been rendered by Bro. VVm. P. Earle, the Worthy Lecturer of the State Grange, who has been greeted with large and appreciative audiences wherever he has been, and his addresses. so full of true Grange doctrines, have always left a salutory influence upon his hearers. From these personal observations in the field, and the harmony and enthusiasm that has characterized the meetings, and the de- termination expressed by members to make the Grange 9. power for good in their several communities, I am fully convinced that the outlook for the prosperity and advancement of the Grange organization in the “Old Bay State,” was never so encouraging as at the close of the Winter campaign of 1881-1882. JAMES DRAPER, Master. Worcester, Mass. APT“ 1. 1382- ALABAMA. From the reports made to me by Masters of Subordinate Granges I am _well satisfied that the Order in this State is in a prosper- ous condition. They write not only of an increased membership but of an increased interest. Already two Granges have reor- . anized. We have made a new start in range life and I am fully convinced that we are on the road to success. For a long time we have labored under many disadvan- tages, but we have persevered and now con- fidence is being restored. and can truly say that we are in a better condition than we have been for years past. I have attended several meetings and found that not only the principles and purposes of the Order were well understood, but that the members could exemplify the “unwritten work” in a very creditable manner. We have inaugurated a system of co-o er- ative stores, gins, mills, and schools, a of which, so the reports show, are doing well. We are determined to move onward and never backward. With many wishes for the success of the Order, BEN C. HARRISON. Selma, Ala., April 7, 1882. NEW YORK. Since the meeting of the National Grange six Subordinate Granges have been organ- ized in this State. This number, added to those previously reported, makes for the year ending March, 1882; 21 new Subordi- nate Granges in this State. A gratifying reflection suggested by this statement is_ that all these Granges are in active condition, and since their organization their member- ship has increasedlargely. At the present time there are several other Granges in pro- cess of organization, indicating material gain that will enter into the next report as an encouraging feature of the situation. Throughout. the State the Granges are work- ing harmoniously and generally increasing their membership both by admission of ap- plicants who come with original petitions, and the admission of worthy persons who had through one means and another lost connection during the dull period preceding the past year. Late reports_from the Secre- tary of the State Grange _bring the gratify- ing information that nine-tenths of the Subordinate Granges which have reported for the quarter ending with March, exhibit material increase in membership, and the receipts are thereby largely increased. The State Grange is free from debt and has a surplus fund sufiicient to meet contingent demands. During the last quarter the Treasurer of the National Grange requested payment of dues to meet a requirement caused by bills brought against the National Grange, and the State of New York had much pleasure in being able to l't:.~i|)l1d promptly. The experience in co operation, regarding which I am required to repori, is in effect the experience of Subordinate Granges, a large number of which have enter»-d into a co operative association quite independent of the State Grange. The name is “ The Union Grange Trade Association.” Its district embraces 22 counties, within which most of the Subordinate Granges have taken membership at a cost of $2 each, which en- titles all members of these Granges to what- ever advantages are offered in the co-opera- tive trade of the association. I am not able to report the amount of transactions under this co-operative agreement, still I may esti- mate the sum within the past year at fully two million dollars, information received from the ofiicers of this association appear- ing tojustify the estimate. As an illustra- tion of the extent of this trade, in a single branch of supplies, I may mention the tact that these Granges gave orders enough to take all the wagons made by an extensive inanufactury in a year. In fact this supply was insuflicient, for within the month past the officers of the association have been driv- en to the necessity of ordering carloads of wagons from other manufacturers. A similar demand has been made and partially suppli- ed in reapers and mowers: so throughout the list of articles comprised in the term ‘farmers’ supplies” the trade has run beyond the ca- pacity of manufacturers and the managers of the association have been compelled to open new avenues. All this extensive co- operative trade comes by the voluntary association of the Subordinate Granges. The State Grange has no part in the ar- rangements or responsibility. An important factor in the prosperity of Subordinate Granges has been and now is the general sentiment favoring the restric- tion of powers exercised by corporations, especially the sentiment favoring the regu- lation of transportation methods. While members of the Order have never brought within the gates political aspirations or pre- judices or partisan politics in any sense, there has been free discussion of public questions affecting the material prosperity of the agricultural class. Out of these dis- cussions there has grown a determined pur pose to establish regulations ior the re- striction of unwarranted powers hitherto exercised by corporations, and through these influences wholesome legislation has been proposed in the State Legislature with pros- pects of immediate enactment. At the present time arrangements are in progress ior organizing a large number of summer meetings, to be held under the direction of the Granges in several localities but openin all cases to the public. These meetings will be addressed by eminent speakers of this and other States, and will have more or less of a political character because the questions that affect the iarmer in their solution will be freely discussed. This has been the practice in the past ]t8.l‘S and to it may be traced much of the gain that has marked the progress Li‘ the Order in the past. It is hardly too much to say that these free, open discussions have given the Order in this State strength and prom- inence and entitled it to the respect of good citizens and inspired for it wholesome re- gard in the political parties. There is not the slightest danger that the Granges can be led into partizan methods or in any manner be- come political, in the sense considered by the National Grange, against which prohibi- tion has been made. It is simply the awakening of broader thought and the exer- cise of the privileges and prerogatives of citizenship which in their fullness consti- tute the highest manhood. W. A. ARMSTRONG, Master. Elmira, N. Y., April 1, 1882. 1LLiNois. I find it is next to impossible to get re- ports from the Subordinate Granges, but from all the information that I can gain, I think the Order is on the upward grade in this State. We are trying to get an able corps of Deputies, and hope, by the end of the year, to show good results. Many of the dormant Granges are coming to life. We suffer considerably from financial losses through former mismanagement, but we hope to recover from our embarrassments and come out all right. Co-operation has been somewhat mixed in this State, some sections falling, others succeeding. My 0 inion is that the ‘failures were caused chie y by a- failure to adhere strictly to the cash principle, and by having incompetent men to run the business. I know of several places where it is a grand success. Several Grange stores are doing a business of from $40,000 to $50,000 annually. Some have failed, with serious results to the Order in their immediate locality. The Roclidale Plan did not work well with us, and the best reason I can give is, our farmers are too independent. They did not want to be troubled with checks. E. A. GILLER, Master. White Hall, Ill., April 21, 1882. GEORGIA. It has been my desire to comply strictly with the resolution passed by the National Grange at its last session, in relation to Mas- ter’s reports. Masters of Subordinate Granges are slow in making their reports, and but few are received as yet. Conse- quently my report may not be correct, but will not go beyond the actual conditiou_of the Order in my State. We are on the in- crease in the State —-one new Grange organ- ized, five or six dormant Granges resumed work (as unoflicially reported). _ The Order generally seems to be in a bet- ter condition than it has been for two or three years. I think we will have a general revival this Fall, if we succeed in making a good crop. We have but one co-operative store in the State (the _Elbert County Co-op- erative Store). It paid about 20 per cent. the quarter ending 31st of December, last, and 14 per cent for the quarter ending 31st of March. There is a general inquiry in re- lation to co-operation among the Granges in the State, and I think we will havea good many stores next Fall. We need a live Lecturer in the State, and a reater distribution of Grange literature. ith the above, I am satisfied thousands would rally to the Grange banner, and _re- lieve themselves from the heavy oppression that is now heaped upon them by heartless monopolies, sharpers. etc. VV. R. DEADWYLER, Master Georgia State Grange. Dove’s Creek, Ga., April 25, 1882. TEXAS. VVe are happy to state that the general condition of the Order in this jurisdiction is good and improving. A spirit of revival is manifest in almost every part of Texas. 'Dormant Granges are being revived, and new ones organized. The Grange press has contributed largely, or is entitled to a large share of the credit for this healthful change. W here Grange papers are liberally supported the Order is rapidly advancing in the differ- ent branches of Grange work. In some sections, our members are fu|ly alive to the great benefit of their Grange press to dis- seminate useful information among the farmers, and are doing all they can to en- courage their circulation. The result of which is, continual accessions to theGranges and a general healthy growth of the Order. County and District Lecturers are doing a good work. Live, active Masters and pri- vate members have done good work, also. The condition of the Order clearly shows the result of their labor in different localities. Commercial co-operation, which has been so successful here, may be said to be entitled to its share of this prosperity. The causes of success in this State may be summed up as follows: lst. Active, live, progressive officers and members. 2d. Live, active County and District Lecturers, fully discharging their duties. 3d. First-class Grange and agricultural journals, read by the members. 4th. Commercial co-opera- tion carried out on the true co-operative plan. When all Grange officers and mem- bers, editors and business agents connected with the Order, work together for the common good, success must follow. A. J. Ross, Master. Saledo, Texas, April 25, 1882. NEW JERSEY. I have been particularly fortunate in ob- taining reports, both in number and detail. There appears to have been considerable addition to our number, both by iniation and re-instatement, most of the reports men- tioning from one to ten; which, evidently, means greater interest in the Order than for four years past at least. The answers indicate those Granges most prosperous that hold the most frequent meetings, and whose members include the greatest number of young persons; whose officers endeavor to give each something to do, to awaken an interest in each Grange meeting, by which a larger attendance is obtained, and much greater results from co- operation. The owning of a hall by a Grange tends to produce interest; by some it is considered asthe means which has enabled them to continue their organization through seasons of adversity. , The causes of luilure appear to be from the disposition of ton many to let the few “bear the burden of the day,” with the expecta- tion, if their dues are paid, they will derive equal benefit with those who labor more assiduously for the good of the Order; too little interest taken by the ladies who have joined, consequently less inclination from those outside to become members; infre- quent meetings, the interest epparently not strong enough to bear the tension of a lengt yl ‘period, consequently that apathy which is so destructive to the “ well being ” of a Grange. To assure success will require the co-op- eration of the individual members of the Subordinate Granges to make each meeting interesting, and the Grange a place for pro ducing that reaction so necessary both men- tally and physically, which nature demands after the continuous labor of the household and farm. VVhen such a state shall exist in all the Subordinate Granges, their progress and power for the good of mankind cannot be foretold. J. M. NicHoLsoN, Master. Camden, N. J., April 26, 1882. INDIANA. Sickness prevented my reporting the con- dition of the order in Indiana at the late ses- sion of the National Grange. 1881 was a rea- sonablv prosperous year for the Order in this State. Our gain was fully two per cent of the entire membership. One new Grange was or- anized, and a great many dormants revived. his result was brought about by hard and zealous work, united and harmonious board of State ofiicers, and by a liberal dis- tribution of Grange literature; the Campaign extras published by Cincinnati Grange Bulle- tin Co., are worthy of mention as doing much to prepare the minds of the people to hear the truth as taught by the able lecturers who vis- ited our state in 1881. In this correction I can not forbear to hear testimony of the eliicient and valuable services rendered the State by the lectures delivered by our Worthy Master of National Grange, Hon. J . J . Woodman and Hon. J . H. Brigham. Worthy Master of Ohio State Grange, and Bro. Mortimer Whitehed, Past Worthy Lecturer of National Grange. In every locality visited and addressed by the above able and earnest speakers. a revival of interest, a return of delinquent members, and a flow of new applications have been the re- sult. The lecturers furnished by the National Lecture Bureau has done great good. With this able aid from abroad and a united and earnest eifoit on the ‘part of the ofiicers and members of subordinate Grannies in each lo- cality, a general advance has been made that we believe to be permanent. The advance made in 1881 hps been supple- mented by still greater activi y on the first quarter of 1882. Two new Granges of forty members each have been organized by Wor- thy Deputy J . J . Creviston, and still the dor- mants continue to revive. 1 am glad to be able to report the sunshine of prosperity has again visited our State, and the dark clouds of apathy has been dispelled. AARON Jonas. Master. South Bend, 1nd., April 27, 1882. Missouni. It gives me pleasure to report that the or- der of Patrons of Husbandry in Missouri is more than holding its own. egular working Granges are accomplishing much more good now than formerly. The national questions, together with questions of local interest are more carefully considered in the Grange meet- ings. Hence members are becoming better educated upon all subjects pertaining to their interests, which enables them to exert an in- fluence for good such as they never have done before, and could not now do were it not for the educational feature in our order. Mem- bers are exerting themselves to get farmers to subscribe for Grange literature, and as a re- sult we have increased the circulation of Grange papers thirty per cent the present year. and herein rests hope of the future, for no thinking farmer can read this without being impelled to action. Lecturinp has done much for the order in the state, but more is accomp- lished by the weekly visits of the Grange pa- pers. Some dormant Granizes have reorganized, a number of - delinquent members have been reinstated, new applicants admitted, and two new Granges organized. Our local co.opera- tive ,B.SSO(3l8lS10l1B are in prosperous condition and a stimulus to the order in their respect- ive localities. All things considered. the or- der in the state is in a healthy and hopeful condition, furnishing good encouragement. H. ESHBAUGH, Master. Hanover, Mo., April 28, 1882. DELAWARE. I believe the order to be in a better condi- tion to-day in this State than ever before. We have organized four new G-ranges during the year. and expect to renew the work in the coming fall and thoroughly canvass and organ- ize the State. We have a good county or Pomona Grange in each county, and they are a powerful element for good in our work. We make all of our extensive purchases through Grange channels, under arrangements made with manufacturer, by the State Ex. commit- tee, of which Bro. Dean is chairman. We use largely of commercial fertilizers, and our savings on this alone, are tenfold more than the Grange ever cost us. For dry goods etc., we avail ourselves of the arrangements made in Philadelphia, by the Executive Com- mittee of Pennsylvania State Grange. J OHN J . Rosa. Master. Milfred Delaware, April 28th. 1882. MINNESOTA. There is evidently a better feeling among the patrons of this State. During the last few months, some Granges were added to their membership, while others have lost by emigre tion. A few dormant Granges have been re- vived. I think, on the whole, the year opens Fetter, and with brighter prospects than the ast. TH0ll[AS.TL'SIS Siiirn, Master. St. Paul, Minnesota, April 30th, 1882. MICHIGAN. A large proportion of the Masters of Subor- dinate Grauges of the State have failed to re- port tome in regard to their condition, but I am in possession of sufficient evidence to justify me in reporting the Order in this State in a very flourishing condition. We have increased the number of live Granges to some extent by the reorganization of dormant ones. We have also organized some new ones. Our membership has been quite materially increased, as our receipts for fees and dues indicate. But our improvement has not been so marked by the increase in numbers as it is in the morale of the Order. The light of our education received within the gates is telling for good. The last six months have enlisted the efforts of more young people than ever before in the same length of time. This we regard as a very hopeful sign. General harmony prevails. Education is being encouraged, not only in the books, but in regard to all matters that effect our inter- ests as a people. So as a whole, we have much to encourage and but little to discourage us in this State. In all probability we shall organize more new Granges than in any one year in the last five years. C. G. LUCE, Master. Gilead, Mich., May 1st, 1882. PENNSYLVANIA. It affords me great pleasure to report that the condition of the order in Pennsylvania has very much improved since the beginning of the present grange year. The correspond- ence and duties in my oflice are nearly double that of last year. The State Grange at its last annual session appropriated 81,000 for the extension of the Order in the State: by these means we were en- abled to inaugurate an organized system of lecturing. so that we were warranted in send- iug our lecturers to any part of the State without waiting for invitations as heretofore; which would not unfrequently compel our lec- turers to spend a great deal of time in un- necessary travel, and waste of money in rail- road fare; by the appropriation referred to, and what patrons contribute voluntarily where our lecturers are sent, we hope to be enabled to canvass the entire State during the year. Under this organized system, our state lectur- er hus since the beginning of the year spoken in 17 counties of our State, delivered 66 pub- lic addresses, and 18 private ones, making a total of 84 lectures in three months. In the engagements of these duties he has been absent from home 50 days and traveled 2,900 miles. Besides the work done by the lecturer and myself I have employed other lecturers whenever I could secure them. The majority of county deputies have nobly done their duties to help on the good work. The Secretary of the State Grange assures me that wherever we have been enabled to do eficient work it has fully repaid the State Grange in the way of increased membership and revenue. But while we gladly speak of the bright prospects for our order In Pennsyl- vania, it is also our duty to report to you the cause of delinquent Granges. I feel satisfied that half the delinquencies are caused by con- fused accounts in the Subordinate Granges. I find in some of the delinquent cases they will report for one or two quarters of the year and then omit one and perhaps report for the next; getting into this confused condition, perhaps the Secretary is changed at the end of the year, the new officer finds it almost impossible to adjust satisfactorily the dues with the State Grange. The only way I see to overcome these difiicultles is to place the accounts of the State Grange into the hands of competent deputies with power to adjust them amicably with the delinquent Granges and again bring them into direct relations with the State and National Granges. Our business co-operative enterprises are working satisfactorily and with good advantages to the members of the Order. LEONARD RHONE, Center Hall, May 1, 1882. Mastei. MARYLAND. ‘ While I have little official data by regular reports, yet from correspondence with _many Granges a gradual and healthy growth is ap- parent in many sections, and opposition de- clines as our urpose becomes better under- stood. The rder in my state I think, may be put down as a fixed fact. Its weakest point is its want of progressiveness. To this end have been directing my efforts, but the fruit is not yet apparent. Yet may we not hope that it is as bread cast upon the waters. , Our State Grange took action to have the State thoroughly canvassed by lecturers but a check has crossed the path from some influence, yet Maryland may be put down as solid, al- though far behind some States numerically. _ ' H. O. Diivnins, Marriottsville, Md., May 1, 1882. Master. NORTH CAROLINA. \Viih so few reports from the Masters of subordinate Granges. it is impossible to sub- mit anything like an accurate or reliable state- ment of the condition of our Order in North Carolina. From the information that I have it is safe to say that we are holding our own. In one section there is considerable life, zeal and co- operation, and there the Order has increased and strengthened during the past quarter. In other parts of the State I fear this gain has been counterbalanced by indifference, inat- tentiou and indolence. As far as the condition of our treasury will permit we will make an onward move- ment during the summer campaign. Invita- tions for some of the lecturers from the Na- tional Lecture Bureau will be sent forward, and from this source we expect much good will be accomplished. M. H. UHEEK, Master State Grange. Henderson, N. 0.. May 8, 1882. OHIO. I have received reports from some of the Subordinate Granges in Ohio, most of which are very favorable, and indicate an in- crease in membership and interest. I pre- sume, however, that the reports received come from the best Granges. and that those that are declining do not report. So that some al- lowance must be made for losses in Granges that have failed to send in the required report. The efforts to advance agricultural interests in Congressaud some of the State Legisla- tures seem to encourage our farmers, and they are more hopeful than ever before. . J. H. BRIGHAM, Master. Delta, Ohio, May 3d, 1882. WISCONSIN. Only one third of the Masters in this State have reported. Of the reports received, one- fourth report in poor condition, one-half are cooperating in buying and one-third in sell- ing. One-half have business agents, and two- thirds make co-operation a success. Three- fourths of the Grange meetings are well at- tended. Very little progress is being made in legislation to regulate transportation. A large majority report an increasing member- ship. We are surely on the upward move. Wherever Brother Whitney has been his track can be traced by the increase in members. He is doing agood work. We have a good many State Granges doing a successful busi- ness. We are being educated to do our own business faster than a good many think. S. C. CARR, Master. Milton Junction. Wis., May 15, 1882. NEW HAMPSHIRE. New Hampshire for her semi-annual report of the progress of Grange work within her boundaries, has not an enthu.~i2'a.vzz'c account to give. N 0 new Granges have been formed, but several that have been feeble and struggling have taken heart again,and are adding numbers with a good prospect of l07l._/Jllféf and useful- ness. Throughout the State there has been an increase in membership. In those Granges where the principles and aims of the order are thoroughly understood, and lived up to, they are constantly increasing in member- ship and interest. Counties that heve held meeting once a month during the winter have found them so interesting that they propose to continue them through the summer. Many Granges are making a success of the business feature, and works well and with per- fect harmony with the social and educational part of the Grange. Great good has been accomplished by the Grange press by enlightening and instructing our members in the true principles and purposes of the order, showing farmers that it is an organization working for their best in- terests in many ways. These papers seem to be just what the patrons and farmers need to inform them upon subjects of National impor- tance relating to the interests of the agricul- turist. The Grange with us we are assured is increasing both in members and interest. Masters are responding with their reports much better than last year. GEO. A. WASON, Master. New Boston, N. H. May 16th, 1882. ARKANSAS. The following extract from a letter from Bro. Scott explains itself: "Your postal is at hand, and in answer will say that I will make out my report soon and forward it to you. 1' am, however, glad to re- port no decline in the work of the Order in this State, but some success; and prospects bright- ening for our loved Order. Shall give you a detailed or full report soon. Have been sick, or should have made it sooner. I am better and hope soon to be able to resume business.” J . V. Scorr, Master. Texarkana, Ark., April 25th, 1882. KENT CCKY. From letters received from the Master of the State Grange and others, I am led to infer that the condition of the Order in that Stateis good and improving. Under date of March 20, Brother Neal writes: “I have been" greatly troubled with my eyes this winter, and unable to write or read but little; but hope, with spring weather. to be able to get to work.” Again April 20, he says: “My eyes are im- proving, and I hope to be out at work soon. We have re-organized five dormant Granges, with some prospects of having many more to re- port before the year closes.” J . L. NEAL, Master. Harradsville, Ky., April 20, 1882. LoUIsiANA. I have been quite sick, which has prevented my reporting to you sooner. _ _ I regret to report the Order is making slow progress in Louisiana. The fearful drouth of last summer in a large portion of North Louis- iana, and the late unprecedented overflow has prevented several Granges from reorganizing and‘ several are maintaining a nominal exist- ence: a few are in fine working order and hopeful. _ Only 14 Granges are reporting regularly. Two or three more are expected to report soon. My health will not permit me to travel and reorganize the Order in our State. Bro. T. J . Carver, has consented to canvass one month or more, and I have authorized him to lecture and reorganize Granges in any part of the State. He expects to take the field in July, which I think will be the time when most good can be accom lished. _ I trust you will e able to secure the servi- ces of Bro. Esbaugh to lecture in this state in July and August. when I trust a suflicient ..— - v-- JULY 1. 1882. TEE: GRANGE VISITOR. . 3 number of Granges will be established to re- organize our State Grange. H. W.,L. LEw1s', National Deputy. Near Osyka, Miss., May 19th, 1882. - MISSISSIPPI. From correspondents I learn that the gene- ral condition of the Order in that State is en- tirely satisfactory. Bro. Darden, as usual, is leading an active campaign, and is consequent- lv most of his time away from home. In a re- cent letter he apologizes for the delay of his report; and closes with the following encour- aging statement! “The Order is absolutely gaining strength in Mississippi. We do not intend to take any backward steps. PUT. DABDEN, Master. I have delayed the publication of the above reports, hoping to receive those yet back, and thus give to the Order full reports from every State. As they are generally brief and contain much valuable information and many good suggestions, I give them nearly full, omitting only such portions as do not relate directly to ‘the subject matter con- tained in the above resolution. Causes of failure in Grange work are in some instances given, as well as those of success, and are equally valuable. They stand as “finger-boards” along the way, pointing to broken bridges and dangerous roads. Let their warnings be heeded, and follow only the paths that lead to success. Icongratulate Patrons everywhere on the present sound and healthy condition of our great fraternal organization. Farmers read and think and understand and act as never before. The “aggressive” movement has begun in earnest; there is active work “all along the line,” and onward is the rallying cry, sounded in every Grange in the land and reverberated over every hill and dale dotted by rural homes. Then let every true Patron take his place in the ranks, prepared to do duty, for this movement will (/0 on; no hall will be ordered, no retreai sounded, and no backward step taken. J. J. WOODMAN, Master N. G. P. of H. Paw Paw, Mich.. June 13, 1882. NEW YORK Herald: “The arrival at . London on the 25th ult. of the sailing ship Dunedin from'New Zealand, with a cargo of frozen meat, is a noteworthy event at this time when meats are so dear in our markets. The experiment of shipping meat from the antipodes to the North Atlantic ports in steamers has proved a brilliant success, but the Dunedin is the first sailing vessel that has successfully made it. Her cargo con- tained 5,000 dead sheep, and the long voyage across the equatorial seas consumed ninety- eight days, uring which time the tempera- ture in her hold was maintained at about twenty degrees below the freezing point by the Bell-Coleman refrigerating apparatus, and the meat delivered at London in fine condition. The commercial importance of this shipment, both in the great provision markets of the Northern and in the agricul- tural and pastoral countries of the Southern Hemisphere, where the exhaustless herds of cattle are valued mainly for their hides and tallow, cannot well be overrated. To say nothing of -the vast supply of cheap and . excellent frozen meat we might import from New Zealand and . Australia. Brazil and the Argentine Republic could furnish the Unit- ed States with almost any desired amount, by sailing vessels fitted with the refrigerat- ing apparatus named, and at prices far below the average of prices that have long ranged in our markets. The London Times, com- menting on the vast significance of the Dunedin experiment, warns the British country gent eman to be prepared to find “his carcasses underbid from the world, be- low his feet,” and our own stockraisers may take the warning to heart. WHAT Horace Greeley said a dozen years ago about an evil not yet corrected: “A dozen or so railroad magnates, summoned by private message, meet from time to time in one of our great cities. Theyflconsult in secret, dine and wine satisfactorily, adjourn and go their several ways. N ext morning the telegraph wires will have flashed across the land their decision that every bushel of grain going to market, every bale of goods passing inland shall henceforth pay twenty to thirty per cent. more freight than has heretofore been paid. In effect this bevy of railroad kings have arbitrarily reduced the value of every farm, every quarter section, every bushel of grain in the'Great West. If they owned the whole country, and all who live in it, they could not lord it over us more tyrannically. And perhaps they will proceed next day to make a scrip dividend, or additional issue of stock, representing nothing but their own rapacity, so as to con- ceal from dull and careless eyes the fact that they are exacting from their customers an annual profit of fifteen or twenty per cent. on their actual investment.” VVhat Daniel Webster said long before : “The freest gov- ernment cannot long endure where the tendency of the law is to concentrate wealth in the hands of the few, while the masses are left poor and dependent.” What a wise man said long ago: “ He that oppres- seth the poor to increase his riches shall sure- ly come to want.” THERE is neither hope nor help for the low tone of political morals until the people who love truth, purity and justice bestir themselves to assume and perform their du- ties as citizens of a republic. They are in the majority in numbers, and supreme in influence and power, if they choose to exer- cise it. So long as they retire to the quiet of selfish ease, contenting themselves with growling at what is, making no effort to make it better, so long shall we have in all our public places those who make merchan- disc of public trusts, and so long will the people suffer under the impositlons and out- rages of a bad government. Let every man who reads these lines plight his faith to him- self, that he will not shirk the post of duty be it where it may, but to the full measure of his ability to rerform the serious duties devolving upon a citizen of a free republic. Emmet Co., Mich. Hr. Editor .-—I have used the Ingersoll Paint, and think it the finest I ever saw, and have never seen its equal, in either covering qualities or durability. Respectfullg, - P. EBSMAN. [See advertisement.—E1>.] dnmmuniratiatc. Fences. An original article read by Bro. E. G. D. Holden, at a. regular session of Kent County Pomona Grange. _ In an agricultural country there is no sub- ject more thoroughly diversified than fences. In a literary field fences are nu- merous and varied. In a moral point of view, for every person, young or old, rich or poor, male or female, a fence is as indis- pensable as the air we breathe. *~ And strange as it may appear, fences of certain sorts talk: This is a peculiarity of the fence, in its most commonly accepted meanings. They have tongues and they use them. They tell tales of proprietor- ships, either laudatory or otherwise, accord- ing to the nature of the fence. I have seen fences that never let any one pass without saying “My master is a careless man.” I have seen other fences that were always bragging of the good qualities of their own- ers And others still that said but little one way or the other, because they occupied that extremely uncertain ground between a very good place and a very bad place; a sort of neutral land like that upon which Maj. An- dre was captured, in Revolutionary times, that being a contested domain, situate be- tween a very good cause and a very bad one——between liberty and despotism. Such a fence is either passably good, or negative- ly bad, as compared with the fences of the party who happens at any particular time to be viewing them. Fences are as various as the conditions of men, sometimes more so.j |In fact they are so numerous and take up so large a space in the world’s history, that it cannot be ex- pected within the limits of a short paper, or an occasion like the present, that I shall be able to more than glance at their differ- ent habitudes. For instance, there is the brush fence. the log fence, the rail fence, the board fence, the portable fence, the sod fence, the picket fence, the Osage fence, the stone fence, the stump fence, the barbed wire fence, the aristocratic fence, the war fence, and no fence. Added to this list comes in very appropriately, the human fence, the political fence and—well no mat- ter about further enumeration. VVe have spoken of enough for the present, and more perhaps than I shall have time to write about, or your patience to listen to. The brush fence is essential to the condi- tion of the Michigan pioneer. He has no time for making another at the start, and so, as with sturdy axe and tireless arm he drives back the grand ranks of trees from about his little cabin, he piles them into great universes around the outskirts of his little clearing, lops down their magnificent limbs; chinks in a little here and there, and thus protects his firs: crop from the predatory roaming of his nearest neighbor’s stock, who lives perhaps over in the next township five miles away. The brush fence is an honest fence. It fills its place in the history of the new farm, and on the following spring, goes up in flame and smoke, as the clearing is pushed back and gives place to the log fence or the rail fence, as the time, taste, or means of the owner may suggest. The log fence may outlive the one of brush, yet there isn’t half so much of indi- viduality about it. But the good old fash- ioned rail fence is your fence for substantial character. When I was a farmer’s boy and had the task of splitting 200 of these same rails per day, I thought I was almost a man, and when those same bright, new oak rails were piled up, one upon another, by myself and brothers, eight good, sound rails high, we thought We had a fence that could de- fy a reindeer, and we had. I can see that fence yet, worming its crooked way down by the woods, and though perhaps some dozens of times moved here and there, dur- ing the 30 years gone to the rear since then, I am prepared to bet a hat that many of them are in existence yet. \Vhere timber is plenty the honest rail fence is perhaps the cheapest that can be built. The farmer wants the timber out of the way, and such a fence costs him nothing but labor. I speak of earlier times. At present in this county there are perhaps but few new fences made of oak rails. The timber that will make them is worth more for some- thing else. But there are older men than I was, when I boosted and grunted to get the big eighth rail on top, that are justly proud of the honest old rail fence. It is not, however, a fence that will always stand alone. Now and then it must be relaid, the rotten and broken rails taken out, and thrown away or carted to the woodyard. It is not a fence, howsoever it be, that will silently submit to be basely forgotten. It is not at all like the Irishman’s stone fence—6 feet wide and 4 feet high-—who when asked why he built in such proportion, replied: “Faith sur the rason is plain enough, when it tumbles down it will be two feet higher than it is now!” That argument, I am sorry to say, will not apply to rail fences. When they tumble down they stay there, that is, pro- vided always that their owner is a sort of tumble down owner. As before intimated thereisan immense amount of character in a rail fence, more perhaps than in any other kind. Most any fence will tell tales A - -'-~ , mkzmaagsémwwrsmns-....= V-...~. .-i;-. .--_ ,-, .,.__._,__, ‘,_,,, __,_ quicker than anything else. If people knew how many tongues they had, they would be better cared for. Every rail has a tongue of its own, and when long neg- lected, blocks rotted out under the corners, top rails off, corners pitching this way and that, a good deal out of wind, with its nat- ural crookedness, and every space outside and in, where the road cannot get, or the plow come; grown up to brambles, briars and bushes. VVhy, the rails in such a fence accost every passer-by and implore his at- tention to their pitiable condition. They have lost the dignity of honest rails. They feel mean because they know they are pow- erless to do the work they were put there to do. They know it isn't their fault, but they don’t like it all the same, and they keep crying out to be put on their feet again that they may be the better able to keep the crops within, out of the crops of the cattle without. They know their business——these rails do, and they do not mean to shirk it; but, though they can look dignified or mean, look defiant or cringe at the ap- proach of enemies, sing or weep as the oc- casion may be, yet there is one thing that arail cannot do: when it gets out of place it cannot get itself back again. I have talked with a great many rails on this sub- ject and I always believed them when they made this assertion. I have seen many very smart looking rails, but I never saw one that could move itself. I have seen them get out of the way and scatter, when the hub of some stout wagon interlocked witha corner, upon which the road had crowded too closely, but I never saw a rail that would make the least effort to get itself back into place again. That isn’t their business; they doubtless regret the fact, but they know their business and they attend to it with a singleness of purpose, convey- ing many a. good lesson to many a passer- by. Asingle rail amounts to nothing. A single fence board or fence post is little good on earth; a single fence picket might be placed on picket duty in vain; but just let an association of pickets or a community of fence boards and posts report themselves armed and equipped for service, and how quick danger is blockaded; unruly stock made to know its place and the farmer pro- tected from unlawful foraging. Or let a purely co-operative body of grand old fash- ioned fence rails acting as such, decree pro- tection to the products of the agriculturist— and ’tis done co-operatively, fence rails and boards and pickets and all other sort offenc- ing material become magnificent barriers against all sorts of trespass and wrong. As co-operation must exist in the other affairs of life in order to secure effé-ctiv:> work, so co-operation in fence rails becomes an im- perative duty. Co-operative fence rails is no new thing, but it is a big thing, just the same; and the lesson that a rail fence may teach us in this respect is, barring its crookedness, a good thing for our family to remember. When I was laying up fence many years ago on father’s farm I never thought that that fence was a grand co-op- erative society for the protection of corn and potatoes, but it was so, and so has contin- ued even to this day. Judging from ap- pearance sometimes, I have often thought the only thing a rail is good for after it be- comes of age is to build calf pens under parlor windows, but such menial service I consider beneath the dignity of a true fence rail, and doubtless in this many good house- wives will agree with me. It is much bet- ter to work them over, as in the case of some twenty year old oak rails, lately seen by the writer on the farm of Bro. John Porter, out of which a fence had been made that will last twenty years longer. The rails were laid in the ordinary way with good blocks under each corner, each corner being securely staked. At two rails high these stakes were securely wired together, and at two rails from the top wired again, thus making a fence that cannot tumble down. Do the stakes rot off in time? They cannot spread apart and let the rails loose, for they are securely wired together a foot and a half from the ground. Do the blocks rot out? The entire corner can be raised, without displacing a rail and a new one put underneath. Such a fence may be made with less“worm” than acommon rail fence, and any wagon that should attempt to get acorner, on any corner of such a fence would stand a good chance of losing a. spoke or two and would probably thereafter keep a respectful distance. As I do not under- stand that Bro. Porter has any patent on this new way of doing an old thing, I am of the opinion that his example could be wise- ly followed by those who have old fences to re-lay, in places where a permanent fence is needed. Moreover I do not think there is any possible objection to makinga new fence in the same way. But I fear I shall weary you with the monotonous croak of the “old rail fence.” There are other fences not less useful, even though less common. The board fe eisa good fence of its kind, and nothing looks better along the highway than a well made fence of this ilk. In making this kind of protection for your orchards and your fields, if you are not doing the job yourself, you wantto watch the man you employ, or he will shirk on post holes, and swear they are three feet deep when not a mother's son of them is over 9. fodt and a half. I was some years ago beat by an honest (‘?) fence builder in this way, and the first thing I- knew, after the spring rains, my fence seemed to be tired out and laid itself down on the grass to takea rest. I disturbed the quiet of its deep repose by a regular series of 3 feet earth preparations, and that fence is still a standing evidence of the reliability and vir- tue of honest post holes. There are several kinds of nort-able fences, doubtless familiar to all. They are not ex- pensive, and are an excellent thing, where it is desirable that a fence be frequently moved, for the purposes of pasturage. Picket fences 6f various kinds are always neat for the door yard; and preparing the material for the same, excellent work for the barn shelter on rainy days. The sod fence is an institution of old times in prairie States. Now that railroads go everywhere, and in new countries al- most in advance of the farmer, and lumber may be had at reasonable prices, the sod fences have become a thing of the past. There is one on my father's old farm in Il- linois, however, that has stood the tem- pests of 45 years. Its crest was sown with locust seed, which in a few years formed an almost impenetrable thicket whose inter- lacing roots held the bank in its place against all the washouts of storms or time. That farm, in the course of time had also another old-fashioned appendage of good staying qualities. IL was .a mortgage and that is the reason why another owner moved in when we moved out. Stone fences are peculiar to the old eastern States, and barbed wire fence is becoming quite popular in the new western. There is something pleasant and thought- ful about the inestimable demeanor of a stone fence, that always interested me. I have seen miles and miles of it in New England that nobody’s grandfather per- haps could tell when it was built. It stands there in a quiet, dreamy sort of way, while many generations pass by it never to re- turn. They area [it kind of fence to ‘mar- vel over, and are indigenous to the country where, it is said, the sheep’s noses have to be ground to a point, in order to make their pasturage available. Barbed wire fence is a barbarous institu- tution. I don’tlike it. I never shall. I al- ways thought a wire fence of any sort looked as though they were got up on false pre- tenses. Pretending all the while, that there was nothing in the way when all the while there was, as any person or animal would speedily learn to their sorrow by con- tact,just asa man will when crossing his own yard hastily in the dark and is brought up standing with a clothes line under his chin. Then I have heard that most all of this abominably barbarous, barbed stuff is cov- ered 40 rods deep with patents, which the patentees don’t want any one to know about, until ten thousand miles of it are sold. Then comes an oily gammon along, who will settle the matter up and keep you out of the courts if you will “C. O. D.” which is “come ommediat-ely down.” This is only a repetition of the gate business, and yet about this wirey subject, I do not speak for cash. I have heard these things about their manners and their ways, or else I have read it in a book. But this I do know, I would not havesuch a fence around a farm of mine if the wire men would put it up for nothing and donate me their royalty in- comes, for all the time allotted us on" earth. They ought to be abolished by law as a cru- elty to animals. Aside from their barbar- ous barbs what a splendid thing a wire fence is for your small stock to get into the shade of on a hot afternoon! Too thin! Yes, by far too thin for a shadow. Hedge fences are beautiful and durable when properly cared for, butit takes a long time to get them. Life is too short. They pertain to the older countries and may be properly classed with the aristocratic fence, which is unattainable for the ordinary uses of life, with people of ordinary means. The consideration of fences of this kind may on this occasion be dismissed, with “war fences” as a sort of Abatis, that the toiling masses haven’t any use for in times of peace. Here where I live the law permits us to indulge in the luxury of “no fence” if we are willing to turn ourselves into the street. That will do well enough if a man has noth- ing but a barren stately house, and is so lofty and exclusive that no animal, human or otherwise, dare approach him; but as for me, I like shrubbery, and flowers and fruit too well to pull down my fences, though it is an indisputable fact that my fences are of little avail against the “Young America” of my street, when harvest apples are ripen- ing, but that is nothing here or there. I never quarrel with “young America” and fence or no fence within our corporate lim- its has nothing to do with the purposes of meetings like this. I spoke at the opening of this hasty fence story of the “ human fence,” and I fancy some one says, What sort of a fence is that? To be brief, it is a st rt of fence that it takes alifetimeto build, and which when once understood, no person will ever attempt to break down. Every one of us is surrounded by such a fence. It is the reputation and character, that we are all our lives building up, and such a fence encloses every reputa- ble person on earth. It takes longer to build it than it does to grow a hedge. It is harsher than barbed wire to illegal tres- passers, and if rightly built far more endur- than the old moss grown stone fences of a century ago. The hnman fence is not a thing to be trifled with. If once broken down, years of‘ sorrow and tears and trials may not rebuild it again. If sustained al- ways by each ofus to the end oflife, it still stands long after we are gone as a sacred sentinel, guarding honest dust! The human fence is of our own making. It is ours alone. No one can build it for us. No one can destroy it but ourselves. Even the staunch old-fashioned rail fence cannot be compared with it. The human fence if rightly made has no “crooks” in it. It is a complete circle, stronger than steel to out- side foes, and as gentle and godlike as sym- pathy to all inside friends. It surrounds us at all points, as we make it insurmountable to allcunless we will it. It is tender of the rights of all. just to everybody, and consid- erate even of the welfare of the dumb ani- mals that Providence has placed in our care. The human fence is a fragile thing, or it is a mighty thing and each day of our lives adds something to its strength and beauty, or takes something from it, either as we build or destroy. If built aright it shall surround each memory while time endures. And herein alone is text enough for a dozen lengthy sermons, but I forbear. I must also omit the consideration of the “political fence.” It might not be appro- priate here, and yet might be discussed did time permit, wit-bout raising any party question. This fence at times is a sore trial to politicians, more cruel than barbed wire, because you see. these gentlemen “cannot most always tell” which side to get down on. They often fight against time, punish- ing themselves the while, as though the fate of the nation depended upon which side they might happen to light; when the truth is, the fate of the nation knows as little about them and their schemes as the sun does about the miserable moth that flutters for an instant in its broad rays. lam of the opinion that the “political fence" as a thing to be held down by strad- dling politlcian is just going into disuse. Honest people certainly have no use for it, or any use for those who use it; yet in an- other sense there are political fences, that all have a just respect for. These are the boundary lines of our cities, town. ships, counties, states, yes even of the nation itself. Let these never so little be trespassed upon, and somebody is instantly shouting, “get offmy toes” and he has a right to. These imaginary lines divide the world into nations ; wars may break down and change many of them, but in the end others are erected that are just as sacred, un- til other causes for conflict arise. \Vortbsv Master, officers and members: the subject of my story is “Fences.” If I have said anything interesting or instruct- ive it is not because I have had any time to give my subject the attention it requires, yet in either event I shall be more than re- paid for the effort. Patent Law——Resoluiions. Your committee on Resolutions, to whom was referred the question in relation to the protection of purchasers of patented arti- cles, would respectfully submit the following Preamble and Resolutions : VVHEREAS, At the last annual meeting of the Michigan State Grange, the following resolution was adopted : Resolved. That the State Grange declare, through the columns of the GRANGE VISI- TOR, that if their re resentatives in Con- gress do not, during t e present session, use their best endeavors to relieve the innocent purchaser and make the manufacturers and vendors alone responsible for the infringe- ment of atents, they declare upon their honor as atrons that they willnever sup- port these men again for oifice, and that we will vote for no man hereafter that shall not publicly declare himself in favor of such amendments. , And, WHEREAS, During the present ses- sion of Congress the following Law was passed by the House of Representatives: “ Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled: That no action for damages or proceeding in equity shall be sustained, nor shall the party be held liable under sections 4919 or 4921 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, for the use of any patented article or device,- when it shall appear on the trial that the defendant in such action or proceeding, ur- chased said article for a valuable consi era- tion in the open market ;” and WHEREAS, It is claimed and is generally circulated among the people of Michigan as a fact, that the said law meets all of the de- mands of the above resolution, adopted by the State Grange; now, therefore, be it Resolved, That it is the opinion of this Grange that the said law does not meet the requirements of the above resolution, inas- much as it does not relieve the innocent purchaser of a patented article, but compels him, at the instance of the patent-right swindler, and at far greater expense than the cost of royalty, to appear before the Dis- trict Court of the United States, and prove that the article in his posession was pur-‘ chased for a valuable consideration in the open market; and - Resolved. That a copy of these resolutions be sent to Bro. Cobb, Secretary of the State Grange, with a request that they be pub- lished. in the GRANGE VISITOR. M. M. Fosrnn, Chairman , Com. on Resolutions. Bedford Grange, No. 65. . BEFORE a farmer can safely buy a harvest- er he has got to know more than the Interior Department, the Supreme Court, and all the patent right lawyers, just for the reason that Congress will not protect inno- centypurchasers of patent-right machinery.- N. . It-ibune. .. ,-:u.a.. ' -. 4 TEE GRANGE VESETGE. JULY 1, 1882. Elm Mange iiiiaitmc. SCHOOLCRAFT. — — - - JULY 1. Single copy, six months,----..---__--- 25 Single copy, one year, ............ -- 50 Eleven copies, one year -_--__-____-- 5 00 To ten trial subscribers for three months we will send the VISITOR for-_--__--_-..$1 00 Address, J. T. Conn, Schoolcraft, Mich. Sample copies free to any address. Siwemfs Ewiwimoi. J.T.CoBn, - - - - ScHoo'Lc1zArT. THE STATE CAPITOL ENGRAVING. We have sent several dozen lithographs of the State Capitol to those entitled to them by virtue of having sent us five or more names of subscribers and $2.50, since our offer in the VISITOR of March 15th. If we have neglected to send to any person entitled to this fine engraving we shall promptly forward it on receipt of notice. UNTIL WITHDRAWN THIS Is MADE A STANDING OFFER--FIVE NEW SUBSCRIBERS FOR ONE YEAR wILL ENTITLE THE PER- soN SENDING Us THE NAMES AND $2.50 To A SPLENDID LITHOGRAPH on THE STATE CAPITOL or MICHIGAN, sIzE on SHEET 22x28 INCHES. PATENT-RIGHT WlSDOM—REVlEWED. My attention has been called to an article which appeared in the Post and Tribune of June 5th, written by Thos. S. Sprague, of Detroit. He starts out to declare that “law, justice, and the public recognize property in invention”——a statement not denied by even the most verdant Granger. But when Mr. ,~Sprague urges that the rights of inventors are so sacred that they must in no way be curtailed by amendment to existing statutes, he assumes at once that the constitutional provision and subsequent legislation had ; cover the j ust and fair measure of the rights of the inventor to the protection of his acquired property rights, shutting his eyes to all past experience, and the abuses that have grown up in the last twenty-five years, and the in- creased liability to abuse to which the people are subject by the successful attempts of patent-right rascals, aided by lawyer part- ners, to extort money from innocent users of patented articles. Assuming that in the early history of the country, the operation of the law worked no injury to the people, does it follow that laws shall never be amended when the experience of later years has de- monstrated that abuses are practiced under its operation—that it is a convenient shield for robbery under cover of law. That kind of pettifogging is too paltry for serious consid- eration, and yet it is about the average strength of the points made by Mr. Sprague. The fruits of experience—the results worked out by the operation of a law—de- termines its value as a protection. And, while the patent laws were designed to en- courage invention by protecting the inven- tor, it will not be denied that the value of an invention lies in the use that can be made of it, and the law has not discharged its proper function, if, when it has taken [care of the inventor, who is but one citizen in a thousand, it fails to protect the other nine hundred and ninety-nine. As it stands to-day on the statute-books, it fails to adequately protect this large propor- tion. This has become known and been de- veloped by experience under the law; we speak not of theories, but of solid facts. The legislation demanded by the Grange was, that the one word “user,” be expunged from existing law. And we insist that the inventor would be quite as well protected in his rights as any other citizen ; and why should he have such unusual opportunities to perpetuate a wrong and be Pmtected by statute? Nor should it be forgotten that the inventors are seldom profited by the exac- tions made possible by the law. The as- signees often crafty and unscrupulous, are far more likely to be pursuing this business of collecting royalty on patented articles that have been on the market and in use for years than the inventor. Mr. Sprague’s apprehension that manu- facturers of patented articles in most cases will be found to be “utterly irresponsi- ble,” is a wild statement, uttered for effect in the first place, and wholly lacks the es- sential element of probability. And if it were wholly true, the inventor has his rem- edy in the courts, where we all have to go for the protection of our rights. We admit we don’t always get them there, or if we do, they are not always to be had at reasonable cost. Butno matter about that, the inven- tor should have only an even chance with the rest of us before these tribunals. Besides, thereis still another party that remains liable-—the vendor. With these Q70 parties, the manufacturer and the vendor liable to the inventor, we think he certainly stands an even chance for pro- tection with other citizens of the Common- wealth. " Mr. Sprague forgot to say that nearly all dealers are “utterly irresponsible,” which leaves another weak place in his argument that might have been supplied so easily that we are inclined to think he has not given the subject very much consideration, any- way. Then he goes on to assume that farm- ers—“that honest and intelligent class”- whose rights he assumes Mr. Burrows has volunteered "to champion, dou’t want any- thing of this sort—that his caution will pro- tect him. He says “the farmer will not buy a farm, a horse, or any other valuable piece of property without ascertaining that the sel- ler is the owner, or legal representative of the owner.” This professional gentleman has argued this too far—t‘ne farmer has bought and will buy patented articles with- out knowing whether the manufacturer or dealer had any right to sell, and Mr. Sprague knows that this knowledge is prac- tically out of the reach of this “honest and intelligent class.” The New York Tribune put the whole thing in a nut-shell: Before a farmer can safely buy a harvest- er he has got to know more than the Interior Department, the Supreme Court, and all the patent right lawyers, just for the reason that Congress will not protect inno- cent purchasers of patent-right machinery. One owner in a thousand don’t know whether the patented article he buys has paid its royalty to the inventor, or that he is secure from suit and liability for infringe- ment. That talk is the weakest of nonsense, but is really no more foolish than the assumption of our wise Mr. Thomas S. Sprague, of Detroit, who has volunteered to enlighten Senator Ferry in partic- ular, and the rest of mankind in gen- eral, that “without such a law the farmer would to-day be cradling his grain, threshing with the flail, drawing his water with a bucket and sweep, sowing his seed with the hand, hoeing his corn instead of cultivating it with a team; he would have no wind-mill, no force pump, no sulky or gang plow, no ditching machine's; in fact he would be treading in the footsteps of his grandfathers, who literally earned their bread with the sweat of their brow.” ~ The patent laws of the United States un- dertook, very properly, to encourage inven- tion by protecting the inventor in his right of ownership for a term of years, but, as we have already stated in substance, the cor- rectness of any law is determined by the results which develop under its practical operation. In this matter it has been demonstrated that the people—not abaker’s dozen of them, but hundreds of thousands of them—are all the time liable to be harrassed by men who, with or without actual title to some of the many thousands of patented articles up- on the market are demanding a royalty of the user of an article that he has bought and paid full value for years before. It is absurd to pretend for a moment, that a purchaser can readily know that he can with entire safety buy any of the thousands of patented articles that are everywhere sold. If bought at all the purchaser takes his chances and must. Experience under the law has most fully shown its liability to work injury to the people, and that it needs amending; and this we believe can be done without im- pairing the rights of the inventor. There are two classes whose business is liable to injury if the proposed amendment becomes a law—the rascals who are endeavoring to extort money from the honest user of a pat- ented article, that was bought in the open market and paid for at its full market value, and the lawyers who, either as partners or for a consideration, are furnished with em- ployment on account of the litigation grow- ing out of the law. Mr. Sprague, referring to the cases of hard- ship cited by Mr. Burrows, says : “I am familiar with every case he names. They nearly all relate to Birdsell’s clover huller machine patent.” And then he goes on to tell Mr. Ferry that this machine is a good thing—labor-saving, and so on, and that farmers would buy them. He alleges that the manufacturers, “Every one of them sud- denly became irresponsible by means well known to all dishonest men.” He adds that “his, (‘poor Birdsell’s’), only remedy was to compel the user to pay him for the use of his property.” Mr. Sprague is not satisfied with the law as it now is, for he adds: “The law should authorize him to take his stolen property wherever he could find it.” Any one who carefully read the cases cited by Mr. Burrows will remember one instance when an old, worn-out clover huller was taken in a trade for $100—never run an hour: the owner sued for infringement by Mr. Birdsell, and paid in judgment and costs, $417. Several of the cases cited are but little better. We think we hazard little in saying that these parties were all, or nearly all, as innocent of any trespass upon the le- gal rights of any one in the purchase and use of these machines, as Mr. Birdsell was wicked and unscrupulous in his prosecu- tions. A reliable gentleman, well acquaint- ed with Mr. Birdsell, has informed me that he did enforce and collect his demands up- on manufacturers. And for ought I know, he also collected from the infringing dealer, and then he went for the user and collected royalty from every man who at any time owned a machine, thus collecting royalty on the same machine several times over. This man Birdsell set an example of robbery that has not been overlooked by other men, who under cover of law have been intent on get- ting something for nothing. But we will not pursue that matter farther with Thomas S. Sprague’s letter as our target. If pat- entees and attorneys (and by the way, the patent right lawyers are the parties making all the noise) cannot present the case to the Senate very much better than Mr. Sprague has done in this letter, we shall have very little respect for honorable Senators who are influenced to oppose the Bill sent them by the House. At our solicitation a friend has furnished us an article that we commend not only to the attention of our readers, but also to the consideration of Mr. Thomas S. Sprague, of Detroit. REVIEWED. A communicalion will be found on our third page criticising our comments on a certain article found in the VISITOR of April 15th. \Ve think we can dispose of the complaint in a few words. If we did not correctly construe Bro. Reed’s communica- tion—if he did not mean Granges, as such, should by resolution or in some other man- ner attempt to control members in their po- litical action; if he did not mean to take ex- ception to the language and purpose of the constitution of the National Grange when he says “Permit us to express our regrets that restraint should be put upon Patrons in uniting their strength in the nomination and election of ofiicers, &c,, then we misap- prehended his language and our remarks thereon were uncalled for. But if he meant that Patrons should do just what the con- stitution of the National Grange declares they shall not do, then my answer, though brief has been made. My impression however, now is that we are not very far apart—not as far we reader of Brother Smith’s article would infer, and so thinking we deem it unnecessary to add more by way of reply. But upon this subject of the right, duty or privilege of a Patron in his political rela- tions we may as well repeat what we think has been said directly and indirectly, from time to time in the months and years that cover our connection with the VISITOR. We have believed, and so stated, that the educational influence of the Grange in its relation to politics was in the direction of personal independence, and that was one of its most valuable features. We have, and do ask every voter to do all that he can at the primary meeting or caucus of the polit- ical party to which he belongs to secure the nomination of men who represent his indi- vidual opinions upon questions that affect the public weal, and particularly upon all those questions that affect the agricultural class. And more—we are not so partizan as tobelieve in a partisan dogma that is in- sisted (.11 as orthodox by the genuine poli- tician. That] is-—a vuter participating in a caucus of his party is bound by the action of that caucus, no matter how unworthy or in- competent the candidates may be. We have no loyalty to party that in theory or prac- tice submits to any such rigid rule of action. If we know acandidate of our party to be dishonest, incompetent or otherwise unfit to discharge the duties of the ofliice for which he is nominated, we feel under no obligation to support him, and if the oppo- sing candidate of another party is known to possess the requisite qualifications to worth- ily fill the oflice, we do not hesitate to scratch the one and substitute the other. If this is political heresy then are we a her- etic? We base our action on an opinion long entertained, that the people, as a whole, have areal genuine, honest respect for what they believe to be right and that the true in- terests of a party are promoted by defeating unworthy, dishonest, incompetent candi- dates. The party that can and does nomi- nate its best men for oflflcial positions stands the best chance of continued existence—of long life. The decade in which the Grange has flourished has done much to enlarge and broaden the views of the great agricultural class of this country; and to the Grange much of this improvement is due, and this fact is generally conceded; but while this is true very many of its members are yet strongly partisan and this fact we must not lose sight of. Preach co-operation much as we will there are many Patrons that do not sum- ciently believe in it to‘ practice it in either business or politics. These we would not alienate by such radical talk as would give offense. At no period in the ages of the past has improvement been so marked as in these few years. Our Order has grown from the nothingness of infancy, to a position which commands respectful consideration almost everywhere. With the light and wisdom which experience brings, as Pat- rons we shall each year be better qualified to act our part wisely and well. Let us then with unflagging zeal,true to our]Declaration of Purposes be faithful to our convictions and charitable to our fellow Patrons. WE call attention to the advertisement of a new cultivator, manufactured by S. J. Wing, of Kalamazoo. From personal ac- quaintancc we can assure our friends that this implement ranks with the very best made. These spring-tooth harrows on wheels are a good thing. NORTH AMERICAN REVIEW. The Ivorlh American Review for July comes to us with six numbers in its table of contents, presenting its usual wide range of thought on some of the most important topics of the day. Literature, art, finance, the latest explorations, and politics in the highest sense of the term, are all discussed in a manner both thorough and attractive. The pressing question of civil service re- form is treated in two papers, the one en- tiled The Business of Ofiice Seeking, by Richard Grant \Vbite, and the other, The Things Which Remain, by Gale Hamilton. The civil service question is recognized as one of those imminent and overshadowing questions, pressing upon every thoughtful mind, and yet it is so puzzling that few people have any definite theory upon the subject. Mr. White was in the public ser- vice for many years and speaks from the widest experience. There are more than two hundred thousand offices to be dis- tributed by the general government and the the states. These places have been much usedas gifts and rewards for political ser- vices,with a l'8dl8tI'lbl-ltl0n,—8 sort of new deal every few years,—to add interest and excite- ment to the great game of politics. The ap- pointment to ofilce has assumed such im- portance in the eyes of politicians that it has become apparently, if not the great end and object of political organization, at least one that seems never to be lost sight of. A Presi- dent, elected ostensibly as executive of a great nation, finds his oflicial life is devoted to the distribution of spoils among the faith- ful workers of his party. The burden of of- ficial corruption which under any adminis- tration is sure to come to the surface has sprung directly or indirectly from our pe- culiar system of appointment in the civil service. And the evil does not stop with corruption in the administration. Ques- tions of real political importance are pur- posely ignored and kept out of sight by party leaders. The aim of the statesmauship of our day is not always to secure the wisest and purest administration of the govern- ment. But the distribution of oflices in such a manner as to secure a continuance of power is too often the object of all the activities of public life. Mr. White says: "Even states- men of the highest sort find that the most and best they can do is to use the motives and direct forces of the world around them as it is,—to manage their world not to make it. How much more imperative is this neces- sity upon the politician whose task is limit- ed to the single effort to get his party into power or to keep it there.” Of the efforts thus far made to break up the power of office seeking, our author thinks that “they all have the fault of ignoring three things: First, the political organization of the the country; next, its social and moral condition; and last, not least, human nature.” He argues the most serious objections to the common the- ory of civil service reforms, that appoint- ments should be made to the lower grade of oflices only, and only upon competitive ex- amination, with appointments to the higher grades only by promotions from the lower. He shows decidedly that such a plan is im- practical. He believes that the only solu- tion will be found in flxity of tenure, com- bined with resposibility upon heads of de- partments, and examinations by each prin- cipal officer as a test of fitness for positions in his department that may casually become vacant. We believe Mr. White’s remedy offers the most hopeful solution and yet it may appear that he, too, ignores human na- ture. We can hardly conceive of politicians administeringthe government simply for the best interests of the people. No suggestion upon this important subject has ever been made that is not fraught with difiiculties, We can only give a mere hint in this col- umn of the instructive and valuable articles in the Review. All who desire to keep up with the great current of thought upon the important topics before the people, should read the North American Review. It is for sale by book-sellers and news dealers gen- erally. QUESTIONS ANSWERED. A Richland correspondent asks several questions in his article on page seven : First——“What constitutes a delinquent member of our Order?” The first paragraph of Section 4, Article 14, By-Laws Michigan State Grange, reads- “The minimum of regular monthly dues shall be ten cents from each member, paid at least quarterly.” A member is delinquent who fails to comply with the provisions of this By-Law. Second—“Does a Brother or 9. Sister who pays up and takes a dimit card become de- linquent ?” No. Third—“Upon the presentation of their card are they obliged to pay back dues ?” Decision N o. 39, page 108, Digest National Grange, answers this enquiry. “A member suspended for non-payment of dues can be reinstated by the Grange upon the payment of all dues up to the date of reinstatement. This rule does not prevent Subordinate Granges from adopting by-laws termnating the membership, or prescribing other condi- tions of reinstatement, after the member has been delinquent in. specified time.” This decision answers aflirmatively, also, the remaining question of Brother Wood IN the VISITOR of June 1st we gave the Crop Report, in part, issued from the office of the Secretary’ of State for May 1st. We are sorry that we do not get the report in time for the VISITOR of the middle of the month, but so far we have not. In the report which we give at this time the facts seem so well coh- densed that we have omitted the table of the report, a part of which we have heretofore published. We hope our farmers will not fail to read with care these Monthly Crop repogts, The statistics given are valuable and are furnished by farmers themselves who are giving the subject special attention. The whole plan is but in its infancy, but so far the outlook seems to promise good re- sults. The diffusing of this amount of in- formation among the people upon matters that concern them must add here a little there a little to the general stock of knowl- edge and raise the standard higher of gen- eral intelligence. We believe the scheme will be of advantage to the farmers of Michi- gan. T0 SECRETARIES. The date of this paper commences the third quarter of 1882. If you give exact at- tention to your ofiicial duties within the first ten days of this month of July, you will make out and forward to this office your re- port for the quarter ending J uue 30, with the dues as shown by said re ort. Will you please give t is matter prompt attention ? If post oned until a convenient season your ofilcia duty will not be dis- charged with credit to yourself or the grange that has chosen you to take charge of its in- terests for this year. To those of our readers interested in the education of young ladies, we call attention to the advertisement on our eighth page of the Michigan Female Seminary. We are not personally familiar with the school itself, but as we believe in the theory and ractice of associating good honest physic labor, with the mental work of ac uiring an edu- cation, we are partial to t is institution. We are well acquainted with several of the parties to its management and are uite sure that the institution is in good han s. BY an oversight the “ VISITOR Receipts are omitted. WE are under renewed obligations to Sen- ator Ferry and Congressmen of the First, Third and Fourth‘ Districts, for valuable documents. Protection of the Courts. Bro. Cobb .-—In the last VIsIToR J. L.Kin- yon, of Marshall, takes issue with the pend- ing amendment to the Patent-right Law. Patent-right agents, solicitors, and attorneys are moving heaven and earth to defeat the bill, because they claim it will accomplish just what the Brother thinks it will not. The opposition to its passage in Congress was based upon the fact that it would afford immunity and protection to the innocent purchaser and user of a patented article. I feel sure that observation and refiection will convince the Brother, and all other reasona- ble men, that his objection is not well- founded. He claims absolute exemption from suits at law for all users of patented articles. This is something not accorded to any man or set of men, in any of the business rela- tions in life. So far as the law 'is concerned, Bro. Kin- you may be sued by any man with whom he ever had a business transaction in life. Or he may commence suit against any one of his large number of acquaintances. The Courts are open to all. A valid defense is our protection against baseless litigation The danger of suits or the levying of black mail by threats of prosecution, when the law steps in and declares that the suit shall not be sustained, is wholly an imaginary one. I cannot believe that it accords with jus- tice or reason to say toall other men : bring your claims, real or pretended, into court for adjustment; and then turn around tothe inventor and say: you shall not even test your case in the courts. Adopt Bro. Kenyon’s plan and a man might steal a valuable patent, convert it to his own use, and defy the inventor with im- punity. If their views should prevail, there would be some force in the objection raised by the patent-right agents (and now being circulated through the newspapers as adver- tisements and otherwise), that railroad and other great corporations might get hold of their patents, make and use them on a grand scale, and rob the inventor of the results of his ingenuity. When the law provides that an action ‘ against the purchaser of a patented article in the open market for a valuable considera- tion, and for his own use, shall not be sus- tained, it goes just far enough. There must be some accessible tribunal to decide whether these conditions have. been complied with. Our constitution has established the courts as such tribunal. If we, in our purchases, are within the re- quirements, we are in no more danger of being sued than we are of being compelled to pay our merchant twice for a bill of goods —-provided. always. that the bill which passed the House of Re resentatives becomes a law. To this end a 1 our efl'orts should now be made. By asking for something im- racticable we weaken our chances of secur- lasting benefits. 0. G. Luca. G cad, Mich., June 22, 1882. r unv- JULY 1, 1882. TEE: GEANGE; YESETOB9 5 Patent Law Discussion. In the Post and Tribune of the 5th inst., is a long letter addressed to T. M. Ferry and containing a labored argument against the provisions of the Burrow’s bill, (H. R., No. 6018,) for the protection of innocent pur- chasers and users of patent articles. The letter contains, perhaps, all the arguments thus far urged against the bill, either in Con- gress or out, and the writer exhibits the usu- ‘al temper of those who are personally inter- ested in the perpetuation of unjust and dan- gerous monopolies. There are but few definite points which these gentlemen en- deavor to make and the writer presents them all in one form or another. The ob- jections are: First, that there is a property in inven- tions which the law recognizes and which gives the inventor or his assigns a monopoly of its manufacture, use and sale, consti- tutinga vested right, and that the passage of an act depriving him of any one of these exclusive privileges is legalized robbery. Second, that the result would be disastrous to the owner of the patent, because un- authorized, irresponsible parties would make a business of manufacturing useful inven- tions and these articles would be placed on sale throughout the country. Third, that it is unconstitutional as im- pairing the obligation of a contract between ' the people and the inventor. The special cases of wrong and oppression adduced by Mr. Burrows are brushed aside with the irrelevant assertion that they relate mainly to three different inventions and that those particular inventions are ex- tremely useful and have been a source of profit as well as convenience to all who have occasion to use such machines. If a man has been robbed of three hundred dollars, because some machine which he has pur- chased in good faith from his dealer, proves to have been manufactured by a person whose right has been contested and over- thrown in the courts, our letter writer com- forts him with the reflection that such sac- rifices are necessary for the public good and if this particular privilege were not accorded to the inventor and the pleasant legal gen- tleman who assists him, then he would be discouraged and sulky and refuse to invent any more machines. The first objection is the one usually set up by monopolists when about to lose any of their peculiar privileges. If Mr. Sprague’s theory is correct, no law giving encourage- mentto trade, commerce or any particular enterprise could ever be changed, except to give greater privileges. Any shortening of the term of patents, or taking away the right of renewal would be legalized robbery. In other words the patent laws are assumed to be a grant of vested rights, never to be changed except to be made more oppressive to the people. The supposed interests of inventors must be alone considered and the interests of the people wholly disre- garded. In the case of Kendall vs. Windsor, 21 How. U. S. 328, the Supreme Court of the United States, explained the design of the patent laws so clearly ‘that it ought to be a guide to all legislation on the subject. The court says that “the limited and temporary monopoly granted to inventors was never designed for their exclusive profit or advant- age.; the benefit to the public or community at large was another and doubtless the pri- mary object in granting and securing that monopoly. While the remuneration of genius and useful ingenuity is a duty incum- bent upon the public, the rights and welfare of the community must be fairly dealt with and effectually guarded. Consideration of individual emolument can never be permit- ted to operate to the injury of these.” Again the patent laws are not in them- selves a grant of vested rights as the writer in the Post and Tribune and other interested parties so loudly assert, nor is there any- thing about those laws in the nature of a contract in restraint of future legislation. Cooley’s Constitutional Limitations is un- questionably the highest authority upon questions of this character. In that work Mr. Justice Cooley says: “A grant of land by a State is a contract, because in making it, the State deals with the purchaser as any other vender might. But many things done by the State may seem to hold out promises to individuals, which after all cannot be treated as contracts without hampering the legislative power of the State in a manner that would soon leave it without the means of performing its proper functions. (Cools;/’s Court I/im., p. 276). Again the same judical writer says as to vested rights: “A right cannot be regarded as a vested right, unless it is something more than such an expecta- tion as may be based upon an anticipated continuance of the present general laws.” (1bz'd.p. 358). And again : “ Citizens have no vested rights in the existing general laws of the State whichcan preclude their amend- ment or repeal, and there is no implied promise on the part of the state to protect its citizens against incidental injuries oc- casioned by changes of the law. (I bid. p.283)_ These words are from the highest authority and contain the very essense of common sense. The principles so carefully stated by the Court ought to form the basis of every discussion of this subject. The right possessed by patentees is simply a monopoly conferredaipon them by law for the purpose of encouraging invention. If there were any natural right of property in an invention, it should not be limited bylaw to seventeen years, but should be perpetual. In all the outcries against the measure in- troduced bv Mr. Burrows, it has been as- sumed as a fundamental proposition, that however great the oppression and loss to any portion of the public, arising from the provisions of the patent laws, yet the grant of the priviledges has been made and in- ventors have in good faith relied upon them, and Congress cannot therefore, withdraw any of those priviledges without violating a sacred compact, and, in fact, committing legalized robbery. This is the burden of the argument in the Scientific American, con- tinued from week to week, and in the open letter to which we have referred, it is the basis of every conclusion. But we have shown that such a proposition is opposed to all the settled rules of legislation and is denounced by all courts as essentially vicious and dangerous. As a final argument Mr. Sprague says he believes the amendment to be unconstitu- tional, as impairing the contract between the people and the inventor. The writer is evidently possessed by the belief that the constitution of the United States prohibits Congress from passing any law impairing the obligation of contracts. Such prohibi- tion is laid upon the legislative power of the several states, but there is no such provision relating to Congress. This can never be urged therefore, as a technical objection to the amendment, even if we should concede the absurd position that the patent laws con- stitute a contract. Now, let us examine the state of things which Mr, Burrows seeks to remedy by his amendment. The design of our system of patent laws has always been to give the fullest possible protection to inventors in order to stimulate the inventive genius of the people. The letters patent grant to the patentee and his assigns the exclusive right for a period of years to the manufacture, use and sale of his invention. The Circuit Courts of the United States have original jurisdiction of all controversies arising under the patent laws without regard to the am- ount involved, and in suits for infrigement the court can render judgment for any am- ount in excess of the verdict up to three times the amount of such verdict with costs of suit added. The general effect of the patent laws has proved very beneficial to all classes. But with the growth of the country and the accumulation of inventions, certain evils have sprung up which have become simply intolerable. Thousands and thous- ands of patents have been taken out until almost every manufactured article we use or own is covered in some way by a patent. These patents cover every variety of prin- ciple and combination, conflicting with one another in the most confusing manner, and giving rise to all sorts of questions as to dis’ puted claims. These questions lead to distressing and endless litigation, and are the most perplex- ing and dimcult known to the law. Mr. Phillips terms the patent-law branch of our jurisprudence the metaphysics of the law. When a doubtful controversy‘is decided the weight of the misfortune falls not alone upon the defeated party to the suit, but all who may be using the article in question,al though they may have obtained it from reg ular dealers and without knowledge of any contest, are loaded with ruinous liabilities, and may be treated as if they had deliber- ately pirated the invention. No person pur- chasing a patented article can even guess whether he has any legal right to use it. If the patent has ever had any validity, it may at any time be questioned and overthrown. It is probable that a great majority of the people in this country are liable to a greater or less extent for infringement in the use of some patented device. The system of ter- rorism and blackmail arising from this state of things is yet in its infancy, but the vic- tims are so helpless, and the danger so uni- versal, that the whole country is aroused. Indeed any scoundrel has only to lay claim to a patent, and, by combining with some unscrupulous lawyer, he can rob a whole community. The party threatened with prosecution has everything to lose and noth- ing to gain by litigation, and, moreover, he is working entirely in the dark. He does not know how good the claim may be against him, and he has no means of ascertaining except to contest it; and, if he wins it, he is awarded an attorney fee of $20 while his ex- penses for counsel, travel and time have, perhaps. gone into the hundreds. If he refuses to contest it and lets it go by default, and it appears that there has never been any damage to the complainant, there will be a judgment for nominal damages and costs about as follows: attorney fee, $20; clerk’s and master’s fees, $22.50; marshall’s fee, from $5 to $25, or more, according to travel. This would be the simplest possible scale of costs, and the $20 would be divided among the conspirators. On the other hand, the complainant runs little risk. If he has given security for costs he can easily pay from the contributions of those who have bought him off, and his legal work costs him nothing. Hundreds of farmers have gladly paid a bonus of from ten to one hun- dred dollars rather than engage in -a contest in the dark, and, under the present law and cqnstruction put upon that law by the courts, they are wise to do so. ~ mug‘-» ~~««~.-;r.»..-5 ~x‘—5--p:u.:7q-.7...x,r-5:91-*—_’a_ :5. , -2-.-, - Mr. Burrows proposes simply to take away this extraordinary liability. The inventor is to be as completely protected as ever. He can stop manufacture and sale by injunction, which will be granted to him with costs in his favor, and he has his full remedy against the manufacturer and vendor for all dam- ages. even for the use by the innocent pur- chasers, and certainly no article can be out exposing responsible parties somewhere between the raw material and the consumer or user. The patent-laws are in no sense nullified by Mr. Burrows’ amendment. The inven- tor will even be benefitted by its provisions. The danger attending the purchase of pat- ented articles must operate to injure their sale, unless something is done to make such transactions legitimate. Moreover, the honest inventors are not crying out about this matter. The foolish and absurd objections which we have men- tioned, are urged mainly by a certain class of lawyers who are getting their living by this system of legalized spoilation and blackmail. It is to be hoped that the long sufl'ering people will not allow their senators to blind themselves deliberately in this matter. There is no excuse for mistake, for the facts are undeniable and the principles for which we contend are beyond dispute. The liabil- ity of the innocent purchaser is worth noth- ing to the patentee, except as a kind of reprisal when he dares not attack wealthy and powerful manufacturers and dealers. We appreciate fully the importance of in- ventive;genius in this country and are in favor of the fullest possible protection con- sistent with the best interests of the whole people : but we are unwilling to expose en- tire communities to a system of wholesale plunder against which there is absolutely no available means of defense. Speech of Hon. John T. Rich. The House having under consideration the bill (H. R. No. 4429) to enlarge the powers and duties of the Department of Agriculture—— Mr Rich said: Mr. Speaker: The bill now under consid- eration is one in which the farmers of this country are much in_te1‘es_ted. While the principal feature of this bill is the making the head of the Agricultural Department a Cabinet officer, yet its effect will be to secure to this vast industry such recognition and en- couraglement as it has never before received at the ands of the government. The passage of this bill is a foregone conclusion, and in my opinion it will prove one of the most beiieficent acts of this Congress, and the good results arising therefrom will continue as long as this overnment shall last. Daniel V ebster once said all national wealth depends upon an enlightened agricul- ture. Few will care to dispute this state- ment of the great statesman. If this be true —and we have today, as all will admit, an enlightened agriculture and enlightened agri- culturists—it is equally true that the lieacl of the Agricultural Department of a nation should be an enlightened and intelligent man. Then is not t is intelligent man at the head of the great department upon which all national wealth depends worthy to be one of the advisers of the president? Without in any way belittling our manu- facturing, miningland ‘commercial interests, it is safe to say t at without our prosperous and intelligent agriculture none of them could succeed. But some say that this is a matter of senti- ment only; that the elevation of the depart- ment will be of no practical use. if I thou ht this I would not vote for the bill. But believe there is no bill which we shall pass this session will make so large returns for the ap ropriation made, and the 00d re- sults of w ich will be so enduring. his de- partment is no longer a simple seed dis- tributing station wit it clerk at its head as it has been in times past. It should be the great statistical department in regard to the condition and amount of crops both growing and harvested, with its stations so located as to secure accurate and specific information, and also have that information promptly dis- tributed among the people, and also be able to give corresponding attention to the rava- ges of insects and the contagious diseases of domestic animals, and to take eflicient meas- ures to prevent the extended ravages of the insects and the spread of disease. The head of the Agricultural Department should be an oflicer of such recognized importance in the government that_ his reports and statements in re ard to subjects under his supervision shou d be recognized abroad as the authori- tative oflicial act of the government. This recognition alone, in case of false and exag- gerated reports being circulated in relation to the existence of pleuro-pneumonia, hog cholera, or any other contagious or infectious diseases, would be worth millions of dollars to this country in its influence upon foreign markets. About one-half of all our people are engag- ed in agricultural pursuits, and upon the prosperity of those engaged in agriculture depends very largely our prosperity as a nation. It was the surplus of agricultural products which more than anything else turned the balance of trade in our favor, and rendered resumption and maintenance of specie pay- ments possible, While there is a larger amount of capital invested in agriculture than in any other industry, yet owing to the vast area over which it extends, and the ‘cat number of owners, and thecomparative ' small amount- owned by each, it is more di cult for those interested to concentrate their powers to influence le 'slation than any other industry which is 0 such vast importance. While railroads, maufacturers, miners, merchants, and those engaged in the carrying trade of our lakes and rivers can and do hire men versed in their several callings to appear before the committees of the legislatures and of Congress, and urge the recognition of their claims and, as they frequently state it, of their rights, the farmer not being able to state his needs as forcibly as the paid attor- neys and agents of other callings, and not having the means to spend in lobbying Con- ess or the Legislature, his claims are oft- imes neglected and assedgiv. This was clearly il ustrat to any one who placed upon the market in quantities with- 0 attended the meetings of the Committee on Commerce while that committee was listen- ing to the argunients on the bill to regulate inter-State couinierce. The railroads were represented by thebest legal talent which the country affords, who were prepared to pre- sent the railroad side of the case in its strong- est aud most favorable 1i ht, and at the szune time meet with eqmll abi ity any arguments advanced against their interests. The argu- ments of these learned attorneys were sup- plenieuted by the statements of the highest oliicials of some of the most important rail- road lines in the country, who from long ex- perience and careful study, were able to give a plausible answer and excuse to every road nianageinent, while those claiimiu to lizive been aggrieved by the iiizuiueir in w iich railroads are mzuiaged came before the coin- mittee under more or less embarrassment and in their own way stated how, by what they claimed were unfair and unjust discrim- inations, their business had been injured. One farmer from somewhere in the middle of the State of New York stated that if he went to liufihlo to buy cattle to feed that he was charged more to C2ll'l'_V‘ a carload to his home than was charged to haul a car from Buffalo to New York. And when his cattle were fatted he was charged more to carry the cattle from his home to Albany or New York than he would have had to have paid to have them taken from Buffalo. These extra freights he claimed absorbed all his profits so that he had to abandon the business. The statement was met by the committee with the inforiuatiou that this was a State matter over which Congress had no control. and by the railroads with the statement that he was charged no more thzm such services were actually worth, and that the rates from Buffalo were fixed by the coin- petition of rival lines and not by the value of the service. The t'a1'u1e1‘ met their reply by the statement that if he went to the Legisla- ture he was met by the statement that the Legislature had no control of the subject; that Congress alone had control of this mat- ter, and that, wlietlier. he was charged more by the railroads than the services were worth or not, the business of feeding cattle, once profitable, was now ruined. N ow the reply of the committee and of the railroad men in this case was undoubtedly true, but whether true or not the fariner had no remedy for the evils of which he very justly (.’0Illpl{l.lll€(l. It was :1 question of which he understood very little and was not able to hire learned attor- neys to argue the question for him. While we hear :1 great deal said about the honest farmer it usually begins and ends in talk, so far as anything for his special inter- est is concerned. While Congress unhesita- tingly appropriates large amounts every year for testing the strength, etc, of iron and steel, yet it was with considerable reluctance that an appropriation of $10,000 of ii. twenty thousand asked for was made for the exam- ination of cotton, wool, and other textile fab- rics. The Committee on Ways and Means find no ditiiculty in preparing and reporting a bill to prevent the adulteration of wines and champagnes, yet has not reported a bill to prevent the adulteration of butter, on article which every man. woman, and child in the l'nited States is interested in, either as pro- ducer or consumer. The same committee have found time and deemed it necessary to pass under a suspen- sioi. of the rules a bill to render the tax paid by manufacturers of distilled spirits less bur- densome and easier paid. Yet they have not -found time to report a bill for the abolition of the stamp tax on matches and bank checks, a measure which the poo do all over the country are interested in an anxious to have passed, as shown by the numerous peti- tions presented to us on that subject, In- stances might be multiplied where measures for the interest of the people have had to stand aside for measures which concerned some interest that was urgent and persistent in demanding a hearing. Twenty years ago, when the present de- partment was created, there was the same objection urged and the necessity for such a department seriously questioned, yet the result has fully verified the redictions of its warmest advocotes. Presi ent Lincoln in his first message to Congress recommends the establishment of a bureau of agriculture in the following language, which resulted in the establishment of the present bureau or de- partment :- “ priculture, confessedly the largest inter- est o the nation, has not a department nor a bureau, but a clerkship only, assigned to it in the government. \Vhile it is fortunate that this great interest is so independent in its action as to not have demanded and extorted more from the gov_ernment, I respectfully ask Congress to consider whether something more cannot be given voluntarily with gen- eral advantage. Annual re orts exhibiting the condition of ‘our agricu ture, commerce and manufacturies would present a fund of information of great practical value to the country. While I make ,no sug estioii as to details, I venture the o inion hat an agri- cultural and statistical ureau might profit- ably be organized.” The department has only existed as a sepa- rate department for twenty years, and during much of this time it has received scanty ap- propriations, partly on account of the war and the necessary diversion of the revenues of the government into other channels, and the attention of Congress to more exacting, and for the time being, more vital subjects. Yet today, with the exception of the Post Office Department, no department of the government comes so near or interests di- rectly so many of our people as does the Agri- cultural Department. It does more to con- vince the people that the government is in- terested in their welfare and to attach the eople to the government and to our institu- ions than any other department does or can. The elevation and encouragement of this department will render valuable assistance in obliterating the last vestige of sectional- ism growin out of the late civil war. Through its influence men engaged in agri- culture all over the country will be brought together to exchange views; acquaintances will be formed which with a common inter- est will help to bind us to ether and make us a united, prosperous, and ap y people. No country ever prospere long Without encouraging and caring for its agriculture. It is a primary occupation. While it is one of the oldest of occupations, it seems to be a natural occupation for man. There are few men, no matter what their position in life may be, but have _a desire to have spot on God's green_ earth which they can call their own. One 1S content to have a little garden where he can raise vegetables or flowers either for his own use or for sale. With another it is a farm, with broad fertile acres, where he can have a home and enjo himself in raising grain or live stock, or bot , and at the same time secure substantial returns in money. With another, who has secured an charge made against railroad men and rail-_ abundzuice of this wor1d’s goods, it is a place to beautify and embellish, which, from a pecuniary stand-point seems to be only an opportunity for the expenditure of money without any hope of return. Yet, in either case. it satisfies the natural craving in the human breast to have some of earth that he can call his own. Now, if this calling is one in which we are all interested, and so many of us so deeply interested, is not the depart- ment of the government which represents it entitled to be one of the executive depart- ments of the government, and its head wor- thv to be one of the (‘ub1nt-ti‘ We are told that duties levied for the pro- tection of l1lallllf':l(fllll‘lllg incidentally bene- titsull classes of our people by furnishin remunerutive employment for our labor an 21 home lll:ll‘l{€t for our :igricu1tu1‘a1 products; that while it specifically protects manufac- turing and promotes its prosperity, all clas- ses participate in the benefits derived, and it therefore promotes the general prosperity of the whole people which: I have no doubt is true. Now, while you are doing so much for the direct benefit of manufacturing and inci- dental benefit of agriculture, suppose we do a little for the direct benefit of agriculture and incidental benefit of manufacturing; which will be the result of increased prosperity of tho.-:.e engaged in agriculture which the 1nun11factui‘ei' would o llfllll in the increased ability of the farnier to buy inuiiufuctured articles, and by the increased production of farm products tending to reduce the price to the consumer. Now, a word in re ard to the proposed amendment making t re department at de- pzirtnieiit of industry. The present Agricul- tural l)epartment is an independent bureau. That is, the Coniiiiissioiiei‘ reports directly to Congress or the president, as the case may be. He is not under. in any degree, the con- trol of the Executive Depzirtments. The depa1't1nent bears the same relation to the government now that it will under this bill, except that its powers will be enlarged and its head will be an otlicer of more recognized importzuice. Under the bill proposed as a substitute, instead of being elevated it would actuullvbe (legraulod from its present posi- tion. lnsteud of bein made a distinct de- pzirtment it would on y be an iiisigiiificant part of the new department of industry and transport:ition, where, among the concentra- ted influence of hired attorneys of railroads and liessunier steel mzmufacturing associa- tions, it might as well have never been. or it would be as well to return it to the over- crowded lntprior l)ep:irtn1ent, from whence it came, and give it a clerkship. As one of the agrlculturists of the country I know whereof I speak when I say that the farmers of this country infinitely prefer that this do- partment should remain in its present inde- pendent, though somewhat obscure position. to having it attached to and made a part of the great, unwieldy, iiilizunioxiious depart- ment of industry. But, it is stated that the Interior Depart- ment is overcrowded and some relief must behud for that. Also that transportation and manufacturing and other industries are entitled to some consideration. Some relief can be afforded by making the Land Oflice a part of the Department of Agriculture, that is, put it in the same relation to the De )art- ment of Agriculture that it now liol s to the Department of the Interior. Possibly there are some other things which could with propriety be transferred to the Department of Agriculture. If this does not afford suffi- cient relief and it is still thought necessary to have a department of industry and trans- portation, then organize such a department, but do not bury agriculture under everything for which no place can be found, under the specious guise of elevating the Department of Agriculture. If you are not willing to make the Department of Agriculture an executive department without these addi- tions, then let the Department remain as it is until Coiigress is willing to do justice by this most important Department of the gov- ernment. [Applause] A NEW STONE BOAT.- It is said to be an improvement and is described as follows: In stead of having the plank composing the “boat” extend under the entire surface, and only slightly turned up at the forward end , the improvement is a stone sled, with run- ners six to eight inches broad, composed of two three-inch planks, sawed so as to give a rise of six inches or more at the front. On each of these runners is placed a pics of 3 by 4 inch scantling, and three lengths of the same four and a half feet long connect the two sides of the boat and form the platform on which good inch boards are laid. The whole is then s iked with wooden bolts ex- tending throug the bottom of the runners. Wooden pins are better than iron, because as the boat wears iron tears the soil. There need not be a particle of iron in the boat, if wide enough boards are used, though it is better to put in a few nails to hold down the centre. This form of boat is very strong and can be used where an ordinary stone boat would be impracticable. It is decidedly im- proved by putting in a tongue so as to be more readily gui ed. With even the slight- est fall of snow it is quite as convenient as a sled. With a tongue it can be held to a tol- erably steady motion on a rough road where till; common stone boat would be unmanage- a e. NOTICES OF MEETINGS. ' The regular meeting of Eaton Co. Pomona Grange will be held at the hall of Eaton Rapids Grange on Wednesday. the 26th day of July at 10 o’clock. All fourth degree members are invited. Crrss. E. ELLIS, Sec’y. THE press, with the exception of that por- tion which‘is owned or subsidized, are with the people in this fi ht. The_ New York Times, under date 0 May 19, in article re- garding the fincroachments of corporate power, sa s:_ It is not only absorbing to itself the ruits of and the gains of trade and piling up wealth in the hands of the few, but it is controllin legislation and endeav- oring to sway the ecisions of courts in its own interest. We are now at a stage in the contest where the people may vindicate their authority and place these corporation under the regulation of law.” ONE of the many effects of the Grange press and the range movement is the rebuke they administer to lazy farmers. A shiftless and lazy farmer cannot belong to a Grange and feel comfortable, for he is so outstrip by his industrious nei hbors that he not at home amongst them. here are no institutions in this count for the last half century that hav con buted so much to the prosperity and provement of the agricultural classes as the Grange. 6 THE GRANGE VISETQE. JULY 1, 1882. Xadies’ firpazltmeqt. THE DAWNING LIGHT. OR lGI.\'A.L. In a far off eastern country, where the orient greets the sun, Where our simple, rune fnrefathers their short earth life first begun, Ere the dark faced, fierce death-angel spread his wings o’er sea and sand, To hear his countless victims to the far off spirit land. There the mother saw her children and her heart was filled with joy, And the father looked with rapture on his darling girl and boy, For they knew not of the sorrow the death angel soon would bring And that life had many shadows and the year had but one spring. But the mother saw the plague spot as it fastened on her child, And while it drooped and withered her grief grew fierce and wild, And the father learned with anguish, as he saw the deep’ning gloom, That our life is but a journey and its end the silent tomb. By many an ancient river and along the banks of Nile With countless years of labor they reared their fu- neral pile. To tell to distant ages the love which once they bore For fathers, wives and children who lived in days of yore. Old Charon with his vessel his oars forever plied. To bear acr_oss death's river the souls of those who died. But not a single echo to break the deep’ning gloom Returned from that far country, that land beyond the tomb. But through the mists of ages we see the coming day: The sepulchre is open, the stone is rolled away, For in night’s silent watches come voices soft and sweet. There is no death for mortals; we come our friends to greet. We come from a fair country. The flowers are bloom- ing there, And music’s sweetest cadence is floatir g on the air, We hear no wails of sorrow, for death and pain and fear Live in the homes of mortals, but cannot enter here. For here the loving mother her child again will greet, The father and his children in happy concourse meet, And earthly bands that bound them will firmer grow with time And stronger be their tension within that happy clime. Then while we’re forced to wander as pilgrims here below, Enjoying earthly blessings, we mus’: endure earth’: woe. But in our Father’s kingdom are many mansions fair Where all his erring children may live beneath his CHIS. —M1LTON BEI.naN. Trowbridge, May 28th, '82. Discussion. In the GRANGE VISITOR of May 15th, a question was proposed for discussion, viz.: “Resolved, That wives are entitled to, and should be endowed with, legal authority to hold as their own, and will or otherwise de- Eree in case of her decease, one-third the property gained during married life.” Now, I wish to state right here, that I am but poorly versed ‘in law, but I have some idea of justice and equity, and shall try and state them accordingly. I, for one, think if the law was made in favor of the wife, as is stated in the question, it would be one step towards a reform in our laws, to bring about an equal distribution of property. As the law now is, the wife can only have the use of it, she must not dispose of anything only that which is deemed necessary for her sup- port, unless she resorts to the Probate Court for permission to do so; and in some cases this would cost almost as much as the prop- erty was worth. Then again, if it should go to the Probate Court, some one might make objection of the wife being administrator, or even guardian to her own children. So she is not much better off‘ after all the trouble and expense she has been to. Now, I would like to ask a question-why is it any more just for the husband to be sole heir to all of the property after the decease of his wife, than it would be for the wife to be sole heir after the husband’s decease. Surely I can see no reason why she should not. I think, perhaps, that there are but few men who will agree with me in this matter, for they will say that women are not capable of managing property.- Well, I will admit that, and for the very reason they have not had the priviledge. Women, as a rule, know very little of the business affairs of their husbands. Many men do not consult their wives if they wish . to make a disposition of property, so she is not expected to understand such things. Now, we all know this to be true in the ma- jority of cases, yet we find exceptions. But, thanks to the Grange; it teaches women to be good managers, and that they should un- derstand the business interests of their hus- bands, in case of their decease. I thinks little education in this matter might settle ft on this point, for who is he that will insert that a woman has not the ability to manage property, providing she has the priviledge,after she becomes acquainted with her husband's business affairs. K Now, another question. Would the wife and mother be any more liable to squander the property than the husband and father ‘P I think not; why should she? We all know that a mother will make almost any sacrifice for a child. She will even starve herself for her children, or endure the great- est of hardships tn keep her children from sufl“ering. Then, think you she would spend money more foolishly than man ‘.’ Then again, women, if they had property to use, could do much better than men, if they were left without a companion. A man could not get along without a housekeeper; he Inust have some one to look after the children. So he has to hire, and that don’t always suit. So he gets married, and ten chances to one if he has not made a bad matter worse. Frequently the children are obliged to leave home, they, of course, must go instead of the new wife. This is no un- common case. I do not _say this out of dis- regard or want of sympathy for step-moth- ers, for they have much to contend With, but to show how much better it would be for the wife to be the legal heir to all the proper- ty, after the decease of her husband, that they had earned together. Then the wife would not have to resort to the law any more than the husband. So, you see, this would save trouble and expense. We think such a change in ourlaws might and should be brought about, if possible. I really believe it would be better for men, as well as women. Now, my brothers, please think on these things. Please try and not be selfish while you think, and you will see that we are not asking any more than whatjustice and com- mon sense requires. I would like to write more, but will not this time. I did not feel competent to take up such a subject, but rather than let the question pass without any comment, I was willing to step to the front and show my ignorance. Sister ‘May Maple, we think you could speak well on this subject. I think we have agrand corps of Sisters as well as Brothers, who could make the discussion interesting and profit- able. AUNT KATE. _.___________________ House Plants. Read at a late meeting of the Kent County Grange, by Mrs. John Preston. Worthy Master, Brothers and Sisters.-— The subject assigned me by the Worthy Lecturer for this meeting is that of House Plants; and as it is an established rule of mine, if possible, to respond when called upon, I will endeavor to give you a few thoughts upon the subject. : It seems to have been the design of the Great Creator to endow the mind of man with certain faculties for self-preservation,‘ and a love for the grandeur displayed in the field of nature. And while we are in the discharge of these God-given rights, and striving to provide the substantials needed for bodily comfort, let us not neglect, starve nor degrade the higher and more refined part of our mind, the love for the beautiful flowers that ever surround us. Our dwell- ings should be so constructed that we may ever have a fresh supply of growing plants to soften and refine the sterner realities of life. These floral treasures should be culti- vated for the cheering influence they exert, and they are now found more commonly in the rural homes than in former years. My memory recalls the time, when among my circle of acquaintances it was a rare thing to see plants in a faImer’s home, and I can say with great pleasure, that now it is as rare not to see a few choice selections placed at the window, or a large conservatory of these beauties, lending their fragrance to the inmates, and ever unfolding some new surprise to please the eye. This change is due to some extent, no doubt, to new and better dwellings; though not wholly to the new dwellings am I willing to give the en- tire credit, for I believe that a more general knowledge in knowing how to care for these exotics, and the beauty they lend to the home is developing 9. taste in that direction. Some may say that this taste for house plants is running to excess. While this may be true in some instances it is the exception rather than the rule, and to guard against excess, I would suggest that time or space should never be crowded. A few choice se- lections well cared for will afford more pleasure than a great variety of spindling plants, crowded and poorly tended. People's tastes differ widely, and no established rule can be laid down to suit all. And cir- cumstances alter cases. What would be suitable for culture in one home would not be in some other. Most plants require sun and light,and will not do well without these. A southeastern exposure is regarded as the most favorable situation for the proper development of foli- pgeandflowers, while a western or northern is held to be the poorest. If plants do not have plenty of sunlight, they will grow spindlin g and ill-shaped. Another requisite in plant culture is a moist atmosphere. If they do not have this they are soon infested with insects of some kind. The red spider is generally the worst enemy we have to contend with, but this pest will not thrive long if the plants are kept clean (which they always should be), and the atmosphere is kept moist, by frequent syringing with a small spray of some kind. I have had con- siderable trouble with what is known as the scale insect : have tried several remedies but still fail to get rid of them entirely; tobacco and ammonia water is good, but vigilance is the secret of success in all things relating to plant culture. Great care and judgment should be exercised at all times in the use of water, for all plants do not require the same amount. They should never be watered un- less the earth is dry, then in sufficient quan- tity to saturate the ball, always using water the temperature of the room. Frequent and small quantities of water are detrimental to the health of the plants. VVe must study the book of nature long and well to under- stand the nature and habits of the different plants, which as a rule we fail to do. To have a succession of bloom in the \Vinter season the plants must be prepared in the Summer as no plant that has blossomed all Summer will blossom through the Winter; they must have their season of rest. The most of plants should be planted out in the border during the Summer months, where they will grow luxurant and vigorous, and if they are not allowed to bloom and are repotted early, they will give more satisfaction than if kept in the house during the Summer. I From two to three weeks before the re- moval of the plants to the house, which should be about the first of September in this latitude, each plant should have 9. sharp knife or spade passed around it, leaving a ball of earth the right size to lift into a pot, New fibrous growth of the roots will start and put the plant in fine condition for steady growth, after removal. Slips of ger- anium, carnation, etc., should be started in Julv, for young plants blossom more pro- fusely than old ones. Abutilons, fuchias, roses, helitropes, eupatoriums, etc., should be out back and their buds pinched off un- til towards Fall to prepare them for Winter blooming. The soil for geraniums, roses, carnations, etc., should consist of one part each of sand, leaf-mould and manure, with two of turf or garden mold, with some char- coal added. Cacti should have more sand than geraniums. As to the varieties, I would have a calla, a few cacti, geraniums, primroses, speciosa and Pearl of England fuchia, Winter blooming begonias, the small flowered, leaved abutilon with a few coleus and other varigated foliage plants and such other varieties as I had room for. The coleus require the most heat, therefore should have the warmest situations. These, with proper treatment, would furn- ish many flowers which will cheer the hearts of many. Thank God for the beautiful flowers, That blossom so sweetly and fair ; They garnish this strange life of ours, And brighten our paths everywhere. ____________________ THE QUESTION TO BE ASKED FIRST.-A lawyer was sitting in the, oflice the other day when a stranger appeared at the door and said: “ Beg pardon. but can you tell me where Smith’s oflice is ?” " Yes, sir—next door.” The stranger uttered his thanks and passed to the next door, which was locked. Returning to the lawyer he observed : “Smith seems to be out.” “Of course he is. if you had asked that question in the first place I should have an- swered it by telling you so.” The visitor had a troubled look on his face as he passed out of the building, but the look was gone when he returned next day and inquired of the lawyer: “ How much will you charge me for a ver- bal opinion in a little matter ?” “ Oh, about $5.” ' The case was then stated and the opinion given, and the stranger was moving away when the lawyer said : “ My fee, please.” “ I haven’t a cent to pay you.” “ You haven’t ?” “ Of course not. If you had asked me that question in the first place I should have answered by telling you so. Good morning, sir.” Cost of Living in Germany. From the volume of Commercial Reports for April we get the prices of labor in Ger- many together, with the market rates for ordinary household supplies. The tables are interesting in the comparison they afford with prices here :- TABLE OF WAGES. Bricklayers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 48 to -‘B0 71 Masons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 to Carpenters and Joiners . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 to Gas-fitters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Painters. Plumbzrs .. Blacksmiths . . . Cabinet-makers Saddlers . . . . . . Tinsmiths . . . 67 to . 43 to Founders and Moulders. . 60 to Smiths and Locksmiths. . Turners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Boiler-makers . . . . . . . . . . . 71 to Apprentices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 to TABLE 01' PRICES. Bread, black . . . . . . . .1 lb. avoirdupois “ brown . . . . . . . “ “ white . . . . . . . “ Beef . with bones . . . . “ without bones. . Veal Pork: with bones. . . . " without bones. Lard Butter, better quality Cheese, Dutch .. . . Coffee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cofiee, better quality GEO. E. BULLOCK, Consul. United States Consulate, Cologne, Germany, Jan. 19,1882. How They -‘Saved the Boy.” BY LANTA WILSON SMITH. “Jessie,” said Mrs. Crosby to her daugh- teras they sat uietly sewing, one winter evening. “Why(does Harry go out so much lately evenings?” “O, because other boys do. He likes to go to the reading room; there’s always some- thing new and fresh, you know. And now I think ofit, he said, ‘VVe never had any new books or anyphing fit to read, and if we had he never could get near the light.’ Anything for an excuse, I told him ” But Mrs. Crosby twinged as she remem- bered how often she had said, “Do sit around, Harry, and let Jessie and me et nearer the lamp; we want to sew.” he room—kitchen, dining-room and sitting- room—all in one, heat and pretty, and quite good enough for winter, she had said, but now came the thought——“Are not these long winter evenings the most dangerous 2”’ She could not rest. Throwing on her wraps, she walked briskly down the street to the reading room. She looked through the window and surveyed the brilliantly lighted room. Tables here and there loaded with books and papers, pictures on the walls and a glowing fire in the great coal stove. Yes, it was cosy and attractive for the boy who was sitting at one of the tables, ab- sorbed in a book; but how she wanted him at home. It made her heart ache when as a baby he grew out of her arms, and now, he was growing out of her home. She went on; just next door there were screens and ground-glass windows, but she knew that within there was light and warmth and music—the chief attractions a saloon has for the young. and the woman shuddered as she thought, “Perhaps her boy was even then caught in the gilded snare.” She hurried home, her mind filled with new purposes. Entering the small sitting- room, she was astonished to see how dull and dark it appeared just then. ‘ “Jessie, I think this room is dark and un- pleasant, don’t you ‘.”’ “Why, I don’t know,” looking around, “It is not quite so pleasant as Aunt Ra- chel’s; but she has a coal stove and they make a room so cheerful.” "\Ve must have one, Jessie, right away.” “\Ve can't afford it, can we ?” “Yes, if we save on something else. VVe will make our old clothes do another year, and have fewer mince pies and rich cakes for the sake of making home pleasanter—what do you say ?” Jessie liked nice clothes, like every young miss of seventeen, so she asked : “What is your object, mother ‘.7 something new ‘.”’ Then from her mother’s heart came all her fears. "I tell you. Jessie,” she concluded, “we must look out for Harry; we’ve well-nigh lost him.” Very earnestly they talked over the vari- ous plans for home improvement, till foot- steps in the hall announced the arrival of father and son. The next day Harry expressed a wish to visit at Uncle Howard’s, out on the farm, and to his surprise permission was readily granted. Indeed, Mrs. Crosby thought it very fortu- nate. As he ran ofi‘ to catch the stage, she called after him : “Be sure to come back you ?” "Yes, that’s my birthday, and I shall ex- pect a present.” Scarcely was he out of sight when Jessie built a rousing fire, opened the parlor door, and peered into the frosty room. “It is too pretty to be shut up all winter; but, mother, it will ruin everything to use it common.” “We’ll do nothing rashly, Jessie. VVe can’t afford to ruin our best carpet and lace curtains. Boys can’t always think to be careful of such things. The rag carpet up stairs will do nicely here, and some rich- looking chintz will make pretty curtains. The pictures and ornaments on the ‘what- not’ may stay, but the center- table must simply hold our work- basket.” “I thought Hal was to have the table.” “No, father is having one made of light wood, made like a cot-bed with a brace that will do for a foot-rest. There’s to be a large drawer in it for his ‘traps’ and we’ll glue on the top some dark velveteen—-boys can’t en- dure a spread—and a border of moulding, it will be capital. Father is real animated over it, and is going to get a hanging lamp with a shade, that will light the whole room, and what is more, he will put the cost of a new ovrecoat into a coal stove l” bf him I We shall take so much comfort. What about the furni- ture ?” “We’ll cover it with brown holland first, then make pretty frilled covers to match the curtains—there’s a handsome piece of ore- tonne at the store, that I know Harry likes and father is going to bring it up today. I lay awake last night and planned every- thing. We can afford books and periodicals if we give up the delicacies—and Harry loves books so.” It was a busy week, but how they enjoyed it! It is strange how many things they thought of ‘that Harry liked.’ Poor boy! his preferences had never been considered before. Saturday, the old stage rattled in from the Saturday, woh’t “How good country, bringing: Harry home just as the - family were at dinner. He forgot even the present he was expecting in telling of the grand times he had had. “Such a great big house i” he exclaimed, “one dares to take a long breath without fearing to burst the rooms 1” giving an in- voluntary glance around the apartment. “Oh, by the way,” he continued recol- lecting the day, “I thought I should find a necktie or something by my plate, seeing I'm fifteen to-day—guess you forgot !” “Your present, my son, is a pleasant room to read in; you’ll find it in the parlor.” Harry threw open the door and stood fixed with amazement. The great coal stove with its rosy fire gleaming through sheets of mica, an the warm, bright curtains first met his gaze. “O land of liberty! did I ever !” he texclaimed, a broad grin illuminating his ace. “0h——ho! there’s that pretty calico! I want- ed mother to get a dress like it, but she's dressed up the windows and chairs. And this stove ! ain’t it jolly ?” “This table and hanging lamp are for your own especial benefit, Harry, also this drawer.” _ Harry pulled it open and found a medfey: paper, envelopes, pens, pencils, rulers, pen- wipers, blotters. scratch-books and ink- black and red—for, as Jessie said, “Boys like to make fancy letters and such things, and a little colored ink is quite an attraction.” Harry was bewildered. “How did you ever think of it, mother? I’ve wanted something like this so long. I shall feel as if I had a place here now. I don’t know how to thank you!” “Just stay here and enjoy it, that will more than pay us. \Ve have missed you evenings, Harry, and have made this ‘place’ for you and for your young friends. VVe shall have new books soon. and hope you will learn to love this place.” “It’s so much nicer than the reading room, I shall never want to o there again ; and if I did I’d be ashame to own it, after you have done all this for me. But doh’t you fear, I shall love to stay at home, for this pretty room is the best place in the world !” —Church and 1107716. ______________ Agricultural College Graduates. One of the most el quent and interesting of the triennial alumni orations of our Ag- ricultural college was than given by George A. Farr, in 1873, in which the speaker showed that even in the interest of agricul- ture it was not desirable that all the gradu- ates should become tillers of the soil. The tastes. inclination and aptitude of ma would demand, on the part of wisdom, that they engage in other pursuits. More than one-halt the graduates have actually become directly engaged in the line of work special- ly called to their attention in the very prac- tical course of study which is marked out specially to aid the agiiculturist. does not follow that the other part shall do less to promote the interests of agriculture. The speaker held that every graduate, what- ever his calling, would take an active inter- est ih agriculture. And the very fact that he was engaged in other callings would often make him more eflicient to aid agricul- ture than if directly engaged in farming. That the graduates of the Michigan Agri- cultural college do possess a strong desire to serve the calling to which their attention had been so persistently directed during the four years of their course, is fully sustained by actual statistics. This is strikingly true of those who are not actually employed on the farm. Senator Farr himself remarked to the writer a short time since, that it was his ambition to possess and control one of the finest and best equipped farms in the State of Michigan, which ambition would certainly be gratified if his life was spared. Several other lawyer graduates have already secured large farms. The only graduate that has gone into the ministry as yet has written a very popular and valuable book on apiculture, and is one of the most able writers for the agricultural press. Similar remarks may be made of those graduates who have become editors and doctors. The several professors who are graduates from the college—-—and considering the age of the college, their number and influence is remarkable—are not lacking in this same tendency. Prof. Cook has, during the pres- ent spring, set out more than 100 trees along the highway which passes through his farm near Owosso. These are not all maples or elms, but include several of the most desirable species, such as lindens, maples, elms, walnuts, chestnuts, catalpas, larches, ashes, butternuts. willows, etc. They are not set equi-distant, in one uniform straight line, but are grouped, not so as to injure the road. but to produce a very pleas- ing effect. The dprofessor has also ut in nearly a mile of itch, and has adde some of the most choice cattle of the Shorthorn breed to his farm. Prof. Cook has often re- marked that he desired to have one of the best herds of Shorthorns and one of the fin- est orchards possible. He surely seems in the way to realize his wish. A fine creek runs across the farm which has its source entirely in springs on the place. This is the seat of fine prospective fish-ponds. _______________ Has it Paid? Yet it We are asked if the organization of the Grange has paid. We answer, Yes. Aside from the business transactions of trade in the Grange, which is a very narrow view of the real benefits derived, the Grange has developed a new life among our farmers and set them to reading and thinking for them- selves. the result of which is worth hun- dreds of thousands of dollars in developing the hidden resources of our farms, system- atizing the farm work, and putting more thought and brains into the crops, which puts more money into the pockets. The frequent meeting together to compare notes is beneficial. The social feature, too, has worked wonders in some of our farmers’ homes. VVe see more music, more books and papers, and the boys and girls are not all leaving the farm for the alluring at- tractions of the towns and cities, there to be disappointed.’ The cash system, too, is another feature that alone is worth the entire expense of the Grange organization—the developing of the cash system as one of the cardinal fea- tures of the Grange—buy only what you can pay for. Farmers have fallen into the habit too much of buying whatever they can buy on acredit, whether they really need it or not; and while their farms only pay three per cent. profit, they cannot afford to pay ten per cent interest. ____.________._____. , How to Cook Rice. Rice is becoming a much more popular article of food than heretofore. It is fre- quently substituted for potatoes at_ the chief’ meal of the day, being more nutritious and much more readily digested. At its present cost, it is really cheaper than potatoes, oat- meal or grain- grits of any kind. In prepar- ing it only just enough cold water shoul be poured on to prevent the rice from burning at the bottom of the pot, which should have a close-fitting cover and with a moderate fire the rice is steamed rather than boiled until it is nearly done; then the cover is taken off, the surplus steam and moisture allowed to escape, and the rice turns out a mass of snow-white kernels, each separate from the other, and as much superior to the usual soggy mass as a fine mealy potato is su rior to the water-soaked article. he above facts are of general interest to the “poor and prudent,” therefore worthy of note. Respectfully, DAN TALMAGE’S Sons, New York. THE House of Representatives has passed a $100,000,000 pension bill. 2 It 2 JULY 1’, 1882. TEE GRANGE VESEEOE3. flushing’ fiepantmcni. SEEDS. We are sowing, daily sowing, Countless seeds of good and ill, Scattered on the level lowland, Cast upon the windy hill; Seeds that sink in rich brown furrows, Soft with heaven's gracious rain ; Seeds that rest upon the surface Of the dry, unyielding plain. 7 Seeds that fall amid the stillness Of the lonely mountain glen ; Seeds cast out in crowded places, Trodden under foot of men ; Seeds by idle hearts forgotten, Flung at random on the air ; Seeds by faithful souls remembered, Sown in tears and love and prayer. Seeds that lie unchanged, unquickened, Lifeless on the teeming mould ; Seeds that live and grow and flourish When the sowei’s hand is cold: By a whisper sow we blessings, By a breath we scatter strife ; In our words and looks and actions Lie the seeds of death and life. Thou who knoweth all our weakness, Leave us not to sow alone l Bid thy angels guard the furrows Where the precious grain is sown, Till the fields are crowned with glory, Filled with mellow ripened ears, Filled with fruit of life eternal ' From the seed we sowed in tears. Check the froward thoughts and passions, Stay the hasty, heedless hands; Lest the germs of sin or sorrow Mar our fair and pleasant lands, Father, help each weak endeavor, Make each faithful effort blest, Till thy harvest shall be garnered, And we enter into rest. WRECKED. BY AUTHOR OF "CUB.l'."EW MUST NOT RING T0-NIGHT." Twe ships sailed out past the harbor bar One beautiful autumn day, _ More precious than all earth’s jewels are Was the freight they bore away. There were fond farewells and anxious sighs, And meeting of loving lips ; _ There were earnest prayers, as from longing eyes Sailed the two love-freighted ships. The sky was clear, and the sun shone bright, When they left the harbor town ; _ But the storm king rode on the deep at night, And one of the ships went down. Two human ships set sail one day, On a calm and sunlit sea ; From th’ port of home they sailed away, And one was lost. Ah me ! There were hidden reefs of crime and sin, O'er which his life was tossed; There were merciless eddies to draw him in, And he to life was lost. When ships go down in the trackless deep, We weep, and the church bells toll ; But Heaven mourns and the angels weep When is wrecked the human soul. — Youths’ Companion. Will criticised. Dear Aunt Nina.-—-As Will courts criti- cism, and I am in the mood, I will gratify him. I like his style; that is, I think I can comprehend his love of books. If I should take a journey to Coopertown, and while wandering among its nooks and hills should come suddenly upon a pale young man, with a sun-flower for a button-hole bouquet, absorbed in the perusal of the “ Lady of the Lake,” I would say at once. That’s “ Will,” arid would look in his clas- sical countenance for recognition, for as great minds run in the same channel, so aesthetics ought to have a common sympathy which would defy previous want of acquaintance. I am a warm admirer of kneebreeches and white vests a la Oscar Wilde. I cultivate sunflowers, and dote on the exquisite mari- gold. especially the delicate fragrance. Now, dear Auntie, I hope you will not cast me ofl‘. I have not previously asked per- mission to be enrolled in this or any other order, but having a thirst for knowledge I humbly ask that I may be enrolled as one of the cousins privileged to contribute to the Youth’s Department of the VISITOR. But I was to criticise. In the first place, he had become is trifle mixed when he gave Cowper the credit of being the author of Ode to Solitude. Pope has that honor. Will, seems to take to melancholy minds like Grey, but I must confess his “Ode to Solitude” to me is a blue affair, and if Will or any of the cousins can point out any beauty in Homer’s Iliad please do so for the benfit of several of us younger ones. I imagine it must consist in his wonderful capacity to exaggerate,--not that either, for exaggerate is to stretch, while he makes whoppers out of whole cloth. Longfellow must have studied the Iliad faithfully, for Homer’s mantle seems to have fallen on him and inspired his beautiful Hiawatha. Now, as regards labor as a blessing or a ’ curse, Sunflower says, Labor carried to ex- tremes is acurse. I think not. If I get a flt of sulks and rush the churning through and it gives me a headache, the curse con- sists in my bad temper. If a man has a large family and is poor, as is enerally the case, to maintain them he wor s beyond his strength and brings on a fit of sickness the curse is not in the labor but, in the unba- anced judgment. “Brown Thrush” seems to agree with " Sunflower.” I claim, labor without reserve is a blessing and do not con- sider any arguments necessary to prove a self-evident fact. Where is the independent “Sweet Briar?” Like her prototype I opine she can prick when she chooses, and we need something to stir us up. Nettie G., bring in your sol- ids. As I am uncertain of m entrance I will cut my article short for I 0 not desire tofurnish kindling for Aunt Nina’s ofilce gmvg, ELLEN. Loch Katrina, J une 16, 1882. dnrrerpnutlenre. From the Other Side. Editor “Grange Visitor.-”—I saw a piece in your paper about a “ Smart Iowa Girl.” You seem to be printing a paper to help farmers, now you ought to print the other side of the story. I came into Western Minnesota when there was plenty of vacant land, and took a homestead of 160 acres, and I can say it was not “so very easily acquired.” When the Timber Culture Act first became a law,there was land adjoining my homestead that I could have taken as a timber claim, but it looked like a big undertaking, and I did not invest. In the township I live in there was at one time fourteen or fifteen timber claims. Now there are seven or eight, and I think some of them will be abandoned. But there are some fine groves which have been planted and grown since I have been here. This can be done but not easily. I enclose a clipping which explains itself. L. B. Hodges has a timber claim ten miles from where I live, which is a good one and a treat to look at. Send me your paper as long the enclosed will pay for. Yours, &c., Hi-mar ARMSTRONG. Louriston,Chippewa Co.,Minn.,June 1,1882. Delinquent Members. Bro. J. T. Cobb.-—Having been a subscri- ber to the VISITOR some two months, and believing it to be a paper for the people and sustained by the people. I thought to venture a few lines to let you know how I liked it. As it is a medium through which Patrons can ask, and also give, opinions upon va- rious topics, I may suggest a question for your decision in the VISITOR, viz: '\Vhat constitutes a delinquent member to an order ? Is it one who neglects or refuses to keep up his dues ? Does a brother or sis- ter who pays up and takes a demit card, become a delinquent? And, upon present- ing their card, are they obliged to pay back dues ? Can a Subordinate Grange pass res- olutions that a demitted member shall pay all, or a part, of back dues ? In the May number of the VISITOR, my attention was attractéd to an article on “Newspaper Independence.” It is replete with facts and timely suggestions, and as I am asubscriber to others—-to county papers, I am proud of being a patron of one whose editor dares express his thoughts, in a laud- able endeavor to right a wrong. Such talk tends to enlighten the public. “ The independent out-spoken journalist, who dares to utter a positive opinion outside of hackneyed flings, and gives utterance to those opinions fearlessly and often, is doing something for his readers that is worth pay- ing for, and also builds up a journal that has some reputation and bottom.” This is too good to be forgotten. As you say, some of our newspapers are not con- ducted with this view. Their editors occupv amiddle ground (usuall-y sitting upon the highest seat in the synagogues), and pray, Good Lord and good devil. They smile and bow to all the conflicting creeds of the land, and their papers are filled with small talk. I hope and trust the VISITOR will continue a fearless, out-spoken journal. with courtesy to all, but prompt to expose shamsi, advise restriction of all monopolies, and advise in- dependence in voting—froii1 the election of a Justice of the Peace to the highest Execu- tive of the Nation. . LEVI Woon. Richland, June 3, 1882. Property and Matrimony. Bro. Cobb :—-The bellicose challenge of Sister L. E. Drake, if accepted and fought out, will start many questions of common interest to the sexes. Because woman has not had a vote, it has been the policy of our legislature to favor her by special legislation. Special legisla- tion, in the way of conferring favors, seems always to work somebody harm. I like her third verse in the article on page 6, in N o. 140. I think I am ready for it, but I fear the majority are not. This would make the husband’s debts as good against the wife’s property as the wife’s against the husband’s. It would allow the husband to marry as much of the wife’s property as the wife mar- ried oi the husband’s. If neither married none of the other’s, then neither could claim the increase that accrued to the prop- erty of the other. If either, or both, spent their time looking after their individual property, they would contribute nothing to the common fund. What was individual property before death the owner should have the right to dispose of by will. \Vhen the individual dies intestate, and leaves more than is needed to pay his debts, the law should be definite as to its disposition. There ought to be an inexpensive method to dispose of it. If our present law was hon- estly carried out by intelligent and frugal oflicers, I think it is a good one. Where children are third parties to husband and wife. the State is interested in the matter, that the property of father and mother, or the common property of both, should be used for their support and education. The money or property from any or all of these sources should be made available for these purposes before they shall become a care of the State. An incompetent husband or wife might soon scatter property left by the other, and throw children on to the State for care. Husband and wife ought to know each other’s business qualifications better than any one else, and they should first have a say as to who shall manipulate their property when either or both are gone; and the law now admits of such an arrange- ment. I take it that the people are ignorant of the law, or they fail to appreciate it, if they scold about it in this respect. In many re- speczs the law is in advance of the people. The people fail to use it for what it is worth. I fail to see why debts should be held in abeyance for a woman and not for a man, if they are possessed of equal business qualifi- cations. Serve both alike, is my idea in the matter. If there were no helpless children to be protected, the business relations be- tween husband and wife could be covered by a small amount of space in the statute. This letter is long enough now, and I still desire to make it many times longer. To think about, I put this out: When parents make a property present to their son or daughter, to give them astart in married life, and a few days after marriage this child dies, where ought the property in equity to go? MILTON CHASE. Otsego, Mich., June 17, lSS;2. Wrongs to Right-—Answered. Bro. J. T. Cobb :—In writing this we simply request what we have a right to de- mand through the Patron’s paper of our State; and that is a proper equality, equity, and fairness in the expression of our opin- ions. VVe have no great or strong ones in our brotherhood to be placed under restraint, or any small or weak ones to be protected, for it is assumed that equality exists in our Order. Some time ago our Grange sent to the VISITOR for publication, a resolution which had been discussed and unanimously adopted by us. The resolution contained nothing opposed to the principles of the Grange, and to us it seemed proper that ac- tion should be encouraged in that direction, for the elevation of labor. The following is the substance of said resolution : “VVe ac- cept the present occasion as a fit opportunity to express our contempt for any and every attempt to degrade American labor to the condition of Chinese pauperism, or make it in any way subservient to capital. We com- mend the zeal and judgment of the laboring classes in this country in organizing to put down class legislation. In discussing this resolution it was held that the present sys- tem of government as now administered is degrading to the labor class, the only wealth-producers of the land. If such is not the fact, we would be glad to have the matter properly discussed and presented in its true light. AS a Grange, we do most em- phatically object to being placed in a false position by the [27:63 or dvislikes of any indi- vidual, whether he occupies a position or is only a subordinate in the Order. That the resolution and proceedings of our Grange, sent for publication, did not receive a very cordial reception, is evident to every one, from the comments made. “VVE print the above as requested.” * * But somehow wn don’t quite like. etc. WE DEMUR to the use of such strong language as ‘The present oppressive and degrading system of govern- ment as now administered.’ ” No one for a moment questions the wisdom of the found- ers of our government, based upon justice and equality to all, of the people, by the people and for the people. When our Grange denounces a system that has grown up under the mal-administration of the gov- ernment left us by our Revolutionary fath- ers, and which system deprives the people of their rights and is oppressive and degrading to them, we do not feel that We can sit down and be stigmatized as denouncing the government, and such is the logical conclu- sion from comments in the VISITOR of April 15th. Charity is a cardinal principle incul- cated in our Order. Then why should such a construction be given to the language ? With all due respect and charity we ask if the present system of government as now administered is not oppressive and deprad- ing to the labor class? Was it not one of the grandest objects of the founders of the Order to hold in check all the monopolistic influences in our governmental affairs from opposing and degrading labor? Another object was opposition to all special or class legislation in every form, and the curbing of the power of monopolies gained by misguid- ed legislation in the past. We all claim that experience is the lamp by which our steps are guided. We find in the Grange Bulletin of April 11th, 1882, something of which ex- perience has taught Brother '1‘. R. Smith, Secretary of Ohio State Grange. He says: “A stitch in time saves nine. Experience has shown that the politicians have easy work in the conventions, if they have set up the caucuses. The nominating season is upon us and paid correspondents are writing the Hon. Mr. A, B and C,_in the great dailies and the same are being copied in the coun- try papers of A, B and 0's, districts. The party ropes are being laid, and the party machinery being oiled for the occasion, and we will just as surely be roped in in 1882, as we have been in all of the years past, unless we bestir ourselves and take the stitch in Smith, Secretary of the Ohio State Grange, time. It must be taken when the primary caucus is held. Spike the enemies’ guns while you are fighting on your own ground. See that none but competent, faithful and honest men are nominated, men who will unflinchingly stand by our industrial interests. The harvest follows the seedtime as unerringly in politics as in physics.” Now while our \Vorthy Secretary, A. J. Reed, expresses our regret that restraints should be put upon Patrons in uniting their strength in the nomination and election of oflicers. competent, faithful and honest men, who will unflinchingly stand by our indus- trial interests, and work for the establish- ment of that system of equality for the whole people which we so much desire, you give us to understand that such a course, if tolerated in our Order, would weaken, if not destroy our organization. Yet Brother from his experience urges just that course of action. Just the stitch in time saves nine. VVe look upon organization as the uniting of individuals for the accomplish- ment of some purpose that it would be im- possible for an individual to do alone. The object of organization is co operation, work together, to overcome the evils which are enslaving labor and making it subservient to capital. To work effectually we must work understandingly together and in harmony. Our organization has made us a large body, but the lack ofco-operation in the right di- rection. is making us the laughing stock of the crafty politicians. Yours forjustice, truth and fraternity, IRA SMITH, Lect. Grand Ledge, May 26, 1882. GRANGE HORSE NETS. lVe manfacture a first-class Horse Net at Charlotte, Michigan. and offer at prices as follows :- Full Size Body, Neck, and Ear tips of 16-thread twine, by the dozen, each . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.10 Same as above made of 20-thread twine, each. 1.25 Body nets to the hames, each . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Ear tips, by the doz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2.40 When express charges exceed one dollar per doz. the excess can be charged to me. Sixty da s time given on orders under seal of a Grange, an 5 per cent discount off for cash with the order. Annnizss: JOSEPH SHAW. Charlotte, Mich. I\£[ICI-IIGA.1\'l' CENTRAL R. B- DEPARTURE or TRAINS FROM KALAMAZ00. TIME-TABLE—MAY 15, 1882. WESTWARD. ‘A. M. P. I Accommodation leaves, ______________________ _- 4 “ arrives, Evening Express, _____ __ -- l 35 ___-_ Pacific Express, ............................ __ 2 47 __.__. Mail r______ 1 13 Day Express, ...................................... __l 2 as Local Passenger, ____________________________ __‘ 9 18 ___--. EASTWA RD. arrives, ___________________________ __ 9 50 Mail 12 12 Day Express,___-_ 1 3: New York Express 7 37 Atlantic Express, 10 26 New York, Atlantic and Pacific Expresses daily. Evening Express west and Night Express east daily except Saturdays. All other trains daily except Sundays. Freight trains carrying passengers out from Kalamazoo as follows ; No 20 (east) at 5:30 P. 1a., and No. 20 (west) at 7:37. H. B. Lsnusn, Gen. Manager, Detroit. J. A. Gatling General Freight Agent, Chicago. 0 W. Ruooias, G. P. at T. A., Chicago. L. S. at 1541- S. R. R. KALAnIAzoo DIVISION TIME TABLE. (Time 15 minutes faster than Kalamazoo.) GOING SOUTH. l\“Y&C N Y&B iExpr:gE Ex 4! Mlway In Le. Grand Rapids ............... --‘ 80OAM- 425 riri soon Ar. Allegan ____ __ _ 9 17 “ l 5 40 “ l 810 “ Ar. Kalamazoo--- 1015 “ '. 640 “ l 40 " Ar. Schoolcraft ___ 10 50 " 7 22 “ .‘ 1 40 Pl Ar. Three Rivers--- - 1118 “ j 752 “ 3 245 “ Ar. White Pigeon- ‘ll 45 “ ,1 820 H l 450 -- Ar. Toledo--- ‘ 5 35 Pl. 2 45 Al, 6 45 AM Ar Cleveland - 1010 “ 1 7 05 “ I 9 10 PM Ar. Bufl’alo__-- ___ 3 55 All 1 10 Mai 7 40 ‘* GOING NORTH. ‘N 1' it B I it ‘ illx sh Millxpresgilwuy Fr‘ Le. Buffalo ..................... --,12 4.5 rM.l2 25 AM a 50 par Ar. Cleveland 1 735 " 1 700 “ l 950 Al Ar T0ledo-__-_ J12 01 Al 10 50 “ 110 00 PM Ar White Pigeo 6 00 “ 2 3 40 int} 8 45;- Ar. Three Rivers 1 6 28 “ ' 405 “ l1000 " Ar. Schoolcraft __ l 658 “ 4 34 “ 1210 “ Ar. Kalamazoo __ 1 7 30 “ 5 05 “ 1 40 rl Ar. Allegan _____ -3 S40 “ 608 “ 420 “ G1-and Rapids__--__-__-_-_-___..-l1000 “ 725 “ 810 “ All trains connect at White Pigeon with trains on main line. A. G. Ansnrn, Supt. Kalamazoo Division, Kalamazoo. CHICAGO & GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY. Corrected Time-'1‘able—May 14, 1882. TRAINS WEST. THE REAPER, DEATH. EDGERTON—Died at her home in the village of Morrice, May 28. 1852, Sister Margaret A. Edgerton, aged 49 years. Sister Edgerton was a faithful mem- ber of Shiawassee Grange, No. 151. Across the grave, across the desert sod. And through the mist of years, The strain rings on, triumphant still, “And God Shall wipe away all tears.” HARRIS—Died at her home near Clarkston, Oak- land county, Sister Genie Harris, a member of Inde- pendence Grange, No. 275,-dearly beloved and deeply mourned by a large circle of friends. \Vords but poorly express our s mpathy for this thrice bereaved family. VVe know but cannot full realize the irreparable loss that they have sustaine . In many other places will Genie be missed and in none more than in our little Grange circle. With the checrful word and smile for everyone, it always gave one happy feelings to meet her. GROVER—Died at his residence in Charleston, May lb‘, 185?, in the -10th year of his age, Charles B. Grover, a worthy member of Charleston Grange, No. ‘.203. charter be draped in mourning for sixty da s, and resolutions of sympathy with the bereaved wi s were presented, adopted and ordered spread upon the records of the Grange, and sent to the GRANGE Visrroiz for publication. Arcadia Grange, No. 21, has been deprived of one of its leading members. J. N. Pierce, living three miles northwest of Kalamazoo, came to his death May 26. 1582, by the falling of a gravel bank, caus- ing instant death. He was 6-} years of age. The Grange at its next meeting passed resolutions of res- pect to his memory. BEATTIE.—Died at his residence in the township of Keene, Ionia county, May 17, I882, JAS BEATTIE, in the 57th year of his age, a charter member of Keene Grange, No, 270. At a meeting of the Grange, resolutions of respect and sympathy were adopted and ordered sent to the family of, the deceased, and spread upon the records of the Grange. “ We shall meet, but we will miss him." Fisli’s Arruerican l\Iuuual of PARLIAMENTARY LAW Is the cheapest and best. The subject is made so plain that every Citizen or Society member should have a copy. Circular of commendation free. Price by mail pre- paid; cloth, 50 cents; leather tucks, $1.00. Postage stamps received. Address, J. T. Conn, Schoolcraft, or (JEO. T. FISH. (Mention this paper.) Rocnnsriza, N. Y. reuuo & nnauiumc, Wlllll COMMISSION MERCHANTS. 117 Federal St., Boston. consignments solicited and Cash Advances Made. A_VANDENBERG, MANUFACTURER. Wnonnsamr arm RETAIL DEALER IN HARNESS, WHIPS, BLANKETS, TRUNKS, 816., 92 Monroe Street, GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. I take pleasure in presentingto our favorable con- sideration my CASH PRICE LIS of Harness Work -HAND MADE—all of my own manufacture, and also to return thanks for the liberal atronage I have received from the different Granges t roughout Mich igan. I shall do in the future as in the past—furnish the best oods for the least money. Farm arness, White Trimmed Breeching, Round Lines, Snaps, Rum Straps, and spread rings, complete, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .829 00 The same without Breeching, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26 00 “ “ with flat Lines, .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28 00 “ “ “ “ “ without breeching,. . 25 00 Double Light Buggy Harness, white trimmed, from . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..825 to 30 00 The same, Nickle Trimmed. from . . . . ..835 to 50 00 Single Buggy Harness, with round lines, white trimmed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 00 Same with flat lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 00 Nickle Trimmed, . . . . . ..$l5, 816, 318, 820 and 26 00 ALL ORDERS RECEIVED UNDER SEAL OF THE GRANGE will be shipped at once, and may be returned at my expense if not entirely satisfactory. Address all orders to Yours very respectfully, A. VANDENBERG, 92 Moivnoii Srnniir. Gaxxm Bums. German Horse and Cow Powders. This powder has been in use for many years. It is large y used by the farmers of Pennsylvania, and the Patrons of that State have bought over 100,000 pounds through their purchas_ing_agents. Its compo- sition is no secret. T e receipt is on every box and 5-pound package. _It _is made Dr. L. Oberholtzer’s Sons 4! Co.,_Phoenixville, Pa. t keeps stock healthy and in good condition. It helps to digest andassiin1- late the food. Horses will do more work, with less food while using it. Cows will give more milk and be in better condition. It keeps poultry healthy, and increases the production of eg . It is also of value to them when moltin . fiat is sold at the lowest wlfiizolesavls rice b R. . JAMES, Kuuuzoo, G O. . L 00., 80 WOODBBIDGE Sr.. Dn- raorr, THOS. MASON, 181 W;-ran S1-., CHICAGO, and ALBERT STEGEMAN, Amiiroarz. Put up in ST T %1;ilr:nd E Day EPaciflc 60-lb. boxes (loose), price E16111‘ Cams per lb., 30-lb. ‘ ‘°“- N‘; gt” §gf"::‘- 1’f,gf'%;“- boxes (of 6 5-lb. packages, TEN CENTS per lb. L3. §t0n!i:;:I(l§‘t<)yl1 _______ -_ 2 pp Apr _fi0—Er -l 25 rag “ Lapeer__--- 645 “ 910 “ 857 “ “ Flint __-_ 7 30 “ 945 “ 940 “ “ H (I ' it « }3.“..’.“.’i.,,"" 323 «« if it « ll’ .33 « “ Charlottb-n 10 40 “ 12 17 pm 12 13 All " Battle on-E€iE'" 11 so “ i so “ 130 “ 4- Vicksburg ' 12 45 mi 222 “ 9 21 *- " scbooicmrf ' 100 *- 233 -- E33 ‘- ‘: Gm. is “ is " " . on an .. .. 4 .. . . . . . _ “ V=*.W-°- « 4 2% :2 5 4° :: 5 5° :: 3.11?'1$i$i,3‘f.‘§,'Ié§2.'.?§i.§i.’§aT”%‘fii§’‘33’.‘$Li§ 'éa“.’..‘°..“i..' Ar Chicago __________ __| 6 as 7 45 s 00 _ , . _ , ted1pape;',iitc(>’w inbits s}i)xth Votlllélieélofl published weekly, TRAINS EAST‘ :‘)xO‘8t3Efle8I.1 Evei"y1'rii:irriil?er: (?0I1t8.ll1B S ’peai.gresl,m‘:101 col- Mail and Atlantic Night, Way umns of practical agricultural and family reading Express. Express. Express. Freight. matter, including ful reports of the West Mic ' N°- 1- N°- 3- N0 5 N°- 33 Farmers’ Club, of which it is the ofiicial organ. e 11; gig Aux. $1311‘: IS: 2(1) 1:}! 1.3.6.; publishers offer for the next tgiirty days to send on 1 07 H 9 17 ,, 1 12 n 10 10 u receipt of 82.00 Tun Woam) or one year and a co y 155 .. 1000 .. 205 ., mm" of “ Our Farmer’s Account Book,” conta1nI_ng 18 2 5-, .. 10 43 u 2 5-, .. 335 u pages on fine Ledger paper, a comprehensive sys- ‘ 3 10 “ 10 59 “ 3 10 “ a4 20 “ tem of book keeping adapted to the wants of practi- ggg 1% 3: €375 ‘: _--_-... cal farmers everywhereil (l)v:r 80,000 of these books _ ', , _ ‘ ----— have been sold within t e as year and in many in- tnig .: gs; .: gig '—-— stances farmers have paid itinerant book agents as 8 15 u 3 50 .. 8 35 .4 :: high as three dollars for them. Every farmer should 8 57 H 4 2 M 9 1o «- __ have one of these account books, but we advise them 9 24 " l.... - __-___- ___. to send direct to the AGRICULTURAL Woann, Grand Ar. Port Huron .----..---. 10 40 “ | 00 “ 10 35 “ -...._. Rapids, Mich., and receive the account book and Tan All trains run by Chicago time. All trains daily except Sunday. Giro. B. Rnvrs, . 8. B. Osuurax. Traffic Manager. General Superintendent, WORLD for one year for less than the book colts alone. Tim Woann and Grange Visitor one year, and the account book, $2.50. Don't fail to mention this paper when writing. Address, F. M. CARROLL, Publishers, For information as ta ta 3 Iy to E. P. K L ' Agent, Bchoolcran, Mich. W’ W W’ °°' A Gaurn Bums, Mich. At a meeting of the Grange it was ordered that its ~ ~ -4.-«um.-.4. V.-.a.'«.»-.n~.»v-u.». -.» . TEE GRANGE VISITOR. JULY 1, 1882. An Agent at Buffalo. J. T. Cobb.-—-I will write a few lines in regard to a resolution adopted by the St. J 0 County Grange at its last meeting. The resolution recommended that the proper authority of our Order sustain a commission man at Buffalo to sell live stock for Patrons. If we had a commission man there that we could trust any farmer who wished could ship his own stock and have it sold for him as well as for the buyer who usually picks it up. He always has to employ a commission man to sell for him. Shippers do not ex- pect to ship at a loss, and we ought not to ask them to. We who own and fatten the stock ought to be as able to sustain a loss if we must as the buyer. When we are doing well to sell at home, that is all right. But when we think we can do better by shipping we ought, as patrons, to have such arrange- ments that we can do so with safety. As you are also one of the Executive Committee of the State Grange, I hope you will see that the subject is talked up, and I hope something will be done. Fraternally Yours, EMANUEL HIMEBAUGH. The Value of Drainage. As a matter of fact. there is very little land in our country that would not be improved by drainage. Many light soils are springy, and the crops are injured in them by stag- nant water. Heavy land can never do its best until drained. Vast areas of low-lying but rich lands are practically valueless for want of drains to carry off the redundant moisture which forbids the growth of any but aquatic plants. Many who admit the importance of this improvement are puzzled about the ways and means of effecting it. The Drainage Journal mentions the follow- ing plan, which is well worthy of serious consideration : “ Some enterprising tile manufacturers se- lect careful farmers who own flat lands, and make something like the following proposi- tions: That the farmer make a careful es- timate of his average crops, and the tile manufacturer proposes to furnish the tile necessary to drain thoroughly the lands des- ignated in the agreement, the farmer to furnish the labor of putting in the drains at a stipulated price, before agreed upon, to be paid out of the excess of the crops grown on the land over and above the average yield, and the tile manufacturer agreeing to take the balance of the increase in four or five crops (as agreed), to cover the cost of the tile. On level lands, where the average crop in five years runs low and the land by nature is rich, it is a safe proposition for the tile manufacturer if the farmer honestly performs his part of the contract. On rich ands. that need drainage and need it badly, it will pay 25 per cent. annually on the in- vestment, and in some instances more.” ______,______________ LONDON LADIES.—A word or two about the ladies of London. They are some larger than those in Michigan, and look plump, healthy and riigged, as though they were fed on beefsteak, “ ’am and heggs.” They bang their hair like American ladies, but the “idiot fringe" is peculiarly an American fashion. IF you wish to avoid having all the raisins you put in a pie sink to the bottom, follow this rule: Cook the raisins in a little water on the top of the stove; then, when the pudding is done, stir the raisins in. They will be evenly distributed through it, and there will be plenty of time for the crust to form on the top of the pudding. GEORGE W. HILL, SEED and EUMTNESIUN MERCHANT General Merchandise Broker. _._—ioi.—.—. Send for my priced and illustrated Catalogue of Rogers’ Plated Ware, also prices of the New Home and Singer Sewing Machine. Don’t be bamboozled any longer by agents. 1 furnish the above at very low prices. EU/PE/(A F/TM/U’ 00/-TEE /1’0.46’TE/1’ The Housewife's Best Friend. I . vvvmrnzi !nl ., | I" 3. ill]! ‘ ‘ . .N!llll!NNl.NlI/T (With Cover Raised.) It Sets into the stove like a kettle, has a mica win- dow tlirough which the coffee can be seen while in operation; has also an opening and closing draught by means of the set of holes shown in the_aboye cut, and another set (not shown) on the opposite side and in the lower rim of the pit, has a_wire cloth cylinder with slide doér, ax; iilfiovle) retpiéefientedl. hThe 13.‘. and cover are in e o e es arcoa on an cover finished on the outside in “ Black Bakiiig Japan.” They are well put up and well finished. No solder used. Are made to fit stoves according to number, size 8 and 9. , X! The whole for the small investment of 82.50. 824.00 per dozen. Send number of your stove when you order. G-mo. W. 31:31., 80 Woodbridgé st. West, Detroitfl CIDER - s ' GRATER E1 2 , §el]{!EsP:b1’nSNhaSn0dl‘§T1xT.ll‘llp&?IT:3 Circular Saw eIVIailTs. A1] {jdcr Mill Supplies. Illustrated catalogue free. Add,.,,5s c, (,1, n;i!1P'l‘0N. Detroit, llllch. l.my5tlstom ljul A combination that will produce an even grade of Butter, winter and summer. No Ice re- quired. Saves two-thirds the labor. It will save its cost twice the first season. A RESPONSI- BLE AGENT wanted where an Agent is not located. Correspondence Send for CIR- CULARS and PRICE-LIST. solicited. G. W. Hunt, Mattawan. Van Buren County. W. P. Herd, Lowell, Kent County. A. H. Smith, Sparta, -1 u Charles E_. Thornton, Rockford, Kent County. Charles Pittman. Middleville, Barry County. A. Stegeman, Allegan, Allegaii County. D. P. Newton, VVatson, U U Simeon Staring, Ganges, U H E. J._McNaughton, Cooperville, Ottawa County. Gutelius Sn der, Three Rivers, St. Joseph “ Williams «is artshorn. Owosso, Shiawassee County. . ' aulding, Royalton, Berrien County. . _ atts. Chelsea. West Washtenaw County. e, Manistee County. J. A. Montagu, Niles, Berrien County. Sears it Messenger, Cassopolis, Cass County. John Hoffman. Homer, Calhoun Co. John Adams. Marshall, “ Wattles at Wood, Battle Creek, Calhoun Co. J. R. Brayton, Bellville. Wayne Co. S. Andrews, Howell, Livingston Co. A. B. Cooley, Romeo, N. W. Macomb Co. H. H. Freeman, Lenox, N. E. Macomb Co. D. I. Dunton, Lapeer, Lapeer Co. B. J. Wily. Mottville, St. Joseph County. G. M. Gardner, Litchfield, Hillsdale County. A C In E CREAMER & BUTTER COOLER L_j__A...i _A-—— AGENTS: ’ J. A. Johnson, Vicksburg, Kalamazoo County. . H. C. Call, Glass River, Shiawaasee County. Wm. S. Palmer, Lansing. Ingham County. William Spalding, Hoytville, Eaton County. Union Wind Mill Co., Albion, Jackson County. The Bird Wind Mill Co., Kalamazoo, Ka.l’zoo Co. Charles North, Trent, Muskegon and N ewa go Co. Nathan W'inslow, Williamstown, Ingham Clinnty. C. H. Eames, Grand Blanc. S. E. Genesee Co. John Grose, Moorepark, St. Joseph Co. T. H. Ross 8: Co., Dowagiac, Cass County. S. N . Thomas, Decatur, Van Buren County. Wm. C. Wooley, Elsie, Clinton and Gratiot Co’s. Adams & Rue, Galesburg, Kalamazoo County. F. L. Elms, Charlotte, Eaton Co. J. W. Rossman, Mariette, Sanilac Co. Staut Jr Ingoldsby, Pontiac, Oakland Co. Dunnam & Son, Hudson, Lenawee Co. Slayton la Son, Tecumseh, Lenawee Co. Wilcox Bros, Adrian, Lenawee Co. A Chandler & Son. Goldwater, Branch Co. E. S. Bellamy, Ionia, Ionia co.§ M W Thayer, Paw Paw, Van Buren co. S P Davis, Constantine, St. Joseph County. Whiting 5: Richardson, Flint, Genesee County. LIFE INSURANCE FOR PATRONS. 0 The Patrons’ Aid Society of Michigan WAS ORGANIZED 1)’ DECEMBER, 1880, to give the Patrons of Michigan an opportunity to belong to 9. HOME INSTITUTION OF LIFE INSURANCE that they could control. As its name indicates, it is FOR THE MEMBERS OF OUR ORDER AND FOR THEM ONLY. Its Annual Meetings occur at the same time and lace as the annual session of the State Grange. his feature was for the express purpose of provid- ing for a large representation of the members of the Society at its most important meeting of the year, ' e elected. and without special notice any amendment to the laws and rules govern- ing the Society may be made. The MUTUAL run adopted by this Society pro- vides that au Assessment shall be made ONLY when a member dies, and the amount of that as- sessment is fixed when a person becomes a member, and cannot be increased at any subsequent period. This assessment is graduated according to age, which :_is an important and listinctive feature of this Socie- ty——one which should commend it to the favorable consideration of Patrons. ’ If there are reasons why people should from time to time pay a. small sum from their income or their earnings, in order to secure to those dependent on them in an hour of need a sum suflicient to bridge over the expenses and wants incident to that most trying period of life, those reasons hold good when applied to the Patrons of our State. Applications for membership may be made to JAMES COOK, J. W. EWING, Adrian. Eaton Rapids. ELIJAH BARTLETT, WM. B. LANGLEY, Dryden. Centreville. R. C. CARPENTER, GEO. W. EWING, Lansing. Ross. Mas. C. K. CARPENTER,. C. L. WHITNEY. Orion. Cincinnati. J. T. COBB, A. E. GREEN, Schoolcraft. Walled Lake. or to Local Agents they may appoint. For By-Laws and Circulars apply to either WM. B. LANGLEY, Pi'cs’t, or J. '1‘. COBB, §ec’y, Centrevllle, febltf Schoolcraft, Mich. HEADQUARTERS FOR LAND PLASTEH LOREN DAY. Grandville, Mich., Is prepared to furnish LAND PLASTER, fresh ound, at contract prices, made with the Executive Ctoinmittee of the State Grange. A large stock on hand of pure: fi1181Y'E1‘°'md LAND PLASTER. Send me your Orders direct. jan1—1y LOREN DAY. WELLS, RICHARDSON .3. cos I M P ROV E D BUTTER COLOR A NEW DISCOVERY. Q’For several years we have furnished the Dairymen of America with an excellent arti- fldal color for butter; so meritorious that it met wlthgi-eat success everywhere receiving the highest and only prizes at both International D Fairs. Q-But by patient and scientific chemical re- seuchwe have improved in several points, and now ofler this new color as the beat in the world. It Will Not color the Buttermillh It will Not Turn Rancid. It Is the Strongoet. Brightest and ChO8DOIf color M8d99 5-And, while prepared in oil, is so compound- ed that it is impowble for it to become rancid. Q'3EwAfl[ of all imitations, and of all other 011 colors, for they are liable to become rancid and spoil the butter. 5'11 you cannot get the “improved" write us to know where and how to get it without extra expense. .—. WILLS, RICHARDSON 5 co., Burlington, Vt. Alabasline Is the only preparation based on the proper principles to constitute a durable finish for walls, as it is not held on the wall with glue, etc., to decay, but is a Stone Ce- ment that hardens with age, and every ad- ditional coat strengthens the wall. Is ready for use by adding hot water, and easily ap- plied by anyone. Fifty cents’ worth of ALABASTINE will cover 50 square yards of average wall with two coats: and one coat will produce better work than can be done with one coat of any other preparation on the same surface. For sale by paint dealers everywhere. Send for circular containing the twelve beautiful tints. Manufactured only by AL- ABASTINE Co. A M. B. CHURCH. Manager, Grand Rapids, Mich. Teasdale Steam Fruit& Vegetable EVAPORATOR. To the Farmers and Fruit Growers of Lenawee, Ber- rien, Cass, I/'anBuren, Kalamazoo, St. Joseph, Cal- houn, Branch. Htllsdalc, Jackson, Warhtenaw, Monroe and Wayne Counties, in the State of Michi- gan, and Lucas and Williams in the State of Ohio, and the entire State of California : THE BEST, SAFEST, CHEAPEST AND THE MOST ECONOMICAL MACHINE in the line of Evaporators ever offered in any market. 1st. The immense amount of drying capacity for the amount of room used. 2d. There is no possibility of burning, browning, or otherwise damaging fruit by the drying process. 3d. N o experts are required to run the Evapora- tor; and any man with ordinary intelligence can learn all there is to it in an hour. 4th. It takes only two hours to dry apples with ‘ aporator, while it requires six hours to dry with the hot air process. 5th. When drying frames are placed in the drying chamber they need not be removed until the fruit is dried, for each frame, as can be seen, has a drying chamber by itself. consequently moisture cannot rise and dampen the fruit in upper part of dryer. And the idea of hauling innumerable ing frames up and down through a tower 40 to 50 feet high is en- tirely done away with. And no more danger of loss by fire than in burning a cook stove, which fact alone is largely in favor of our machine, for the average life of a hot air concern is not to exceed two years. There are many other points of excellence which we have not room here to mention. We have three sizes in stock. First size 6 to 8 bushels per da ; this size can be used on any cook stove. Secon size from 20 to 25 bushels. Third size from 40 to 50 bushels. All except the smallest are wholly Constructed of Galvanized Iron Cash orders will receive prompt attention. ants wanted in every township and County in the tats of California. Address all correspondence to R. III. BELLINGER, Blissfield. Mich, juyl-tf. ljuntf THE 5 - TON’ WAGON SCALES- ARE SOLD FOR. 360. All Iron and Steel. Sold on trial—fzeight paid by u.s——-no money asked till tested and found satisfac- tory. All sizes manufactured. JONES OF BINGEAMPTON, Binghampton. N. Y. Sand for Circulars and further particulars. Paw Paw, M.ich., May 18th, 1878. Jonas or Bmeinx-i-ox: _ _ _ My Scales give entire satisfaction. I have subject- ed it to the most severe tests and find it not only correct in weighing large or small amounts, but fectly reliable. per Yours, Fraternally, ' J. J. WO0D_MAN. ' ad [Sign 1 3m_,F EVERY FARMER IN THE COUNTRY SHOULD EXAMINE THE New Combined Spring Tooth Siilky Harrow CULTIVATOR AND SEEDER. Manufactured by THE WOLVERINE HARROW AND SEEDER COMPANY, Kalamazoo, - nu¢).|ggn_ 'i As a combined machine, it stands un- ; . rivalled in excellence, doing the work of ,__ -- a Harrow and Seed Sower most thorou - ly and satisfactorily. It has taken high ' rank at once as ONE OF THE VERY BEST IMPLEMENTS FOR THE USES . 2-.. "' :~ Bows 811 kinds 0‘ gram and grass seeds. The Harrow does not trail or clog is con- structed in two S€Cti0HS- either Of Which can be raised or lowered by the’ driver working independently ’ is of very light draft, first premium and diplo Send for Circulars. ATRONS’ Manirfacturers ofIn Paint. The only Pa air orwate-r. the nun, which destroy all livcrerl freight paid to any ed until delivered. All sent free Beautiful Color structinns how any one PAINT WORKS, NEW LOREJVZO BIXBY, Sec’;/. ___________________ AINT ORKS. 1'/erooll’: Li quid Ru 5 1, 9,. into that de fy main 9,. “,1; or furnes of burning coal, other Pain“. Price: low, dc- depot in the count . No cash requir- I'uint users ahhu d write and have Card of the Paint ‘ with in. czyb Paint. Addr us, PATRONS’ ———___&____..._____é%‘A, __A__.. A..- _,,, ,___,,, _ The New Murray Harrow Cultivator and SEEDER COMBINED. iiiimiluililllllll f 7'd_ll1iililTT’ ., ‘\\\iii‘.‘.‘." ’.’/fiifnillllll ‘ ” -),7;,‘;"‘ "C" For simplicity, strength, ease in handling by man and team, and Send for Circulars. Address, S. J. WING, Kalamazoo, Mich. Contains our latest improvements. quality of work, it has no equal. STATE GRANGE OF ILLINOIS, PATRONS OF HUSBANDRY :BusiNi«:: ss AGENCY. consign Produce to I63 South Water St., Chicago Ill. . M. CHAMBERS, Business Manager. Established by the State Grange and controlled by the Executive Committee under a civil charter from Secretary of the State of Illinois. The manager is under bonds to the State Grange, so that all shippers to or purchasers, are amply secured. We respectfully solicit consignments of FRUITS, VEGETABLES, BUTTER AND EGGS, POULTRY, WOOL, ’HIDES, PELTS, TALLOW AND DRESSED HOGS, GRAIN. HOGS AND CATTLE IN CAR LOTS. Which will receive the closelattention of the manager, and be sold for the highest market rices at strictly and only legitimate commissions. We buy for Patrons all kinds of Dry Goods, Groceries, ardware, and in fact everything kept at wholesale i under seal filled promptly at Lowest wholesale attainable m and money will be refunded. Terms Positively Cash. §Remittances should be sentby Draft; P. 0. Order, or Registered Letter. ljullt SIOOO REWARD forany machine hullingaa much clover seed in 1 day as the ’ It beats all other ‘ Hullers. havinit hulled Express, prepaid. -r-an zA:.AM:Azo.o BUSINESS COLLEGE and @<-3 INSTITUTE, Offers superior advantages to young Men and Women who wish to qualify for business. Send for J ournal giving particulars. W. F. PA/P80/V8, Presf. Double lluller Clover. I Jlnclnuc . ’ CHI]. soldiii 18?! and . . , the (l('I‘_l(ll1(I('v'_-ill!‘ 5 ’_ not be supplied. _ ,, ii ., " ‘ ’ Circular coiifirrninyz this n].’lllPl free. Send for it. NEWARK MACHINE COMPANY, Newark, Ohio. Owners of Patents and the only Manufacturers in the world- l5june3m MICHIGAN: FEMALE SPMINARY. KALAMAZ00, MICH. Board and tuition, $175 per school year. Location delightful. School on the Mt. Holyoke plan. In- fluence Christian, but not sectarian. Fine library, cabinet, telescope and musical instruments. Fall term begins Sept. 7, 1882. For catalogue or further information, address PRINCIPAL. PATENTS. LUCIUS C. WEST, Solicitor of American and Foreign Patents, and Counsellor in Patent Causes. Trade Marks, Copyrights, Assignments, Caveats, and Mechanical Drawings. Circulars free. 16 Portage aprltf street, KALAMAZOO, MTCH. Garden, Flower and Field 5 E E E 5 , OF EVERY VARIETY. BOXES UP ASSORTED PUPPIES finished PRANPPP Varieties not used to be returned. WHITE RUSSIAN OATS. Special Prices to Patrons on Application. "no have-undercut ’aano at Ina Jnnn C - or uni‘-ulthnn flvpygnmhuuudnnfidg mifimns mob was as in once rah‘!!! ~*-- -W-.-....“"s i°.:':"°=°.'::°.. ...... - oi.i...£’iYi.,1r.ni. :1. 1855- ...... =.-'-- ”““'2.‘.i£.':,"‘.’l" -‘ In. th runs as or at?! '5 ‘W ”*° '":.:.£.'“:..-.521:-3=.:.‘: °*~ ' 'i'3i'i‘i'a°i:'.hi3E.1.so'§° rune. Ami-nay Wuhllzklo I‘. 0.. all Olkllc. vb 15june4t Pure Italian Bees. Sixty swarms in movable comb hives for sale. Write for prices. Southard & Ranney, KALAMAZOO, MICH. NEW GROCERY PRICE LIST NOW READY’. SEND FOR IT. GEORGE W. HILL, 80 Woodbr-idgo St., West, 1:-mm DETROIT, Mica. I an eonttnnlngtho b Write to Kalamazoo- Publishing Co. for esti- mates on Printing, Bmd- lbmaytf ing, and‘ B1a.nk~Books..