“THE FARMER IS OF MORE CONSEQUENCE THAN THE FARM, AND SHOULD BE FIRST IJILPROVED.”

VOLUME 8,—-NO. 14.
WHOLE N0. l-12.

E [Printed by Kalamazoo Publishing Co.]

SCHOOLCRAFT, MlCH., JULY 15, 1882.

YOUR SUBSCRIPTION
\VlLL EXPIRE VVITH THIS..

Entered at the Post Office at Kalamazoo
as Second Class matter.

E112 doings dlinimtr

Published on the First and Fifteenth of
every month,

AT FIFTY GENTS PER ANNUM,
Eleven Copies for 85.00.

J. T. COBB, Editor and Manager,

To whom all communications should be addressed,
It Schoolcraft, Mich.

Bemittances should be by Registered Letter, Money

Order. or Draft.

INDEX TO THIS NUMBER.

The Story of the Wheat—State Poultry Show-The
Grangers and the Wool Business—-Durable White-
wash-Heifers from the Best Milkers-—Talks on
Poultry, No. 11, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Between the Leaves-—What are the Obligations of
the Pomona. Grange to the Subordinate?—Repre-
sentation in the State Grange—The Dignity of La-
bor as Taught in the Manual-—Woman’s Rights, 2

Grand Traverse County: lts Granges and Great Re-
sources—Grange Picnic at Elwell ——A Birthday
Address—’I‘he Gi-ange—A Thief’s Remorse: How
it Led Him to Confess Himself to a Legal Friend
—Nine Great Corpors.tions—A Leading Lawyer on
Corporations-RailroadCommissioners—Advertise-
ment-—Railroad Time Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

The State Ca ‘tel En aving—The Amendment to
the Patent aws—- he Assessment Circular and
Civil Service Reform—Free Passes to Judges and
Members of Legislative Bodies—Agricultural Con-
ventions—An Important Decision-State Picnic of
P. of H.—Politics in Pennsylvania, . . . . . . . . . . .. 4

Spring-Tooth Harrow Patent—How to Build a
Straw-Stack—Tri-State Picnic—Visrron Recei ts
g3ontinued)—-Taxing Oleomargarine Butter— he

rops-Ensilage Success—The True Basis of
Railroad Char es—Tne Governor and the Railroad
Commisvion— ureka Grange, No. 11, and Free
Passes—Notices of Meetings, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5

Pomona’: Call—BZealth: How to Insure It—“0h,
How Shiftlessl”-A Daughter Worth Having-
Corporate Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Against Mono olies——Learn a Little Every Da -
Aunt Nina'sp Familiar Talk——From Fred——So{ne
Thoughts on Life—“Rout" or "Baoot”—Tri-State
Picnic and Exhibition-—A Question in Political
Eoonomy—The Reaper Death—Wea.r and Rust-—
Advertiseinents ............................... . . 7

How do They Get ii i’-— Advertisements, . . . _ , . . . . . 8

Officers National Grange.

lns'rs:a—J. J. WOODMAN,.. .Paw Paw, Michigan.
0vnasaaa—PUT. DARDEN, ......... ..Mississippi.
Lxo'rus.nn—HENB.Y ESHBAUGH, .... 
8rrnwsan—A. J. VAUGHN, .......... ..M.ississippi.
Assr. STEWABD—WlLLIAM SIMS, ...... ..Kansas.
CEAPIiA!N—-S. H. ELLIS, .................. ..0hio.
'1‘aassn'naa—F. M. McDOWELL, .... ..New York.
8l0BE'rABY—WM. M. IRELAND, Washington, D.C.
Gs-ra-Kenyan-0. DINWIDDIE, ....... ..Indiana.
0unas—MB.S. J. J. WOODMAN, ...... ..Michigan.
Porous-—MRS. PUT. DARDEN, .... ..Mississippi.
Fnons—MRS. I. W. NICHOLSON,...New Jersey.
Lanr Assr. S-rawas.n—MB.S. WM. SIMS, Kansas.

Executive Committee-

I). WYATT AIKEN, ............ ..South Carolina.
3. JAMES, ............................. ..Indiana.
W. G. WAYNE, .................... ..New York.

oiricers Michigan State Grange.

M.-0. G. LUCE, ........................ ..Gilead.
0.—A. N. WOODRUFF, ............. ..Watervliet.
S.—S. A. TOOKEB, .................... ..Lansing.
A. S.—A. E. GREEN, ............... . .Farmington.
L.-—CEABLES E. MICKZLEY .......... ..Thurber.
C.—SALMON STEEL, ..... . .Frankfort, Benzie Co.
T.—S. F. BROWN, .................. ..Schoolcraft.
Slo.—J. T. COBB, ................... . .Schoolcraft.
G. K.—ELIJAH BARTLETT, . . . . . . . . . . . . .Dryden.
Olu:s.—Mns. A. S. STANNARD, ........ ..Lowell.
Poxoiu.—Mas. H. D. PLATT, ......... . .Ypsilanti.
l‘t.oBL.—Mns. A N. WOODRUFF,.. ..Watervliet.
L. A. S.-—Mns. A. E. GREEN, ....... . .Farmington.

Executive committee-

J. Q. A. BUBR\INGTON, Chairman, .... ..Tuscola.
J. WEBSTER CEILDS, .............. ..Ypsilanti.
2'. M. HOLLOWAY,.'. ................. ..Hillsdale.
THOMAS MARS, .......... ..‘...., Berries Center.
WM. SAT'I'EB.LEE,.................Birmingham.
THOS. F. MO0BE,.. .. . ................ . .Adrian.
J’. G RAMSDELL ................. . .Traverse City.
0. G. LUCE, J. T. COBB, ............ ..Ex-ofiicio.

State Business Agent.

THOMAS MASON, ................. ..Chicago, Ill.
GEO. W. HILL ......................... ..Detroit.
General Deputy.-

JOIIN HOLBROOK .................... ..Lansing.

special Lecturers.

Thou. 1'. Moore. ............. . .Adi-Jan, LOEBWW C0-
31. 1.. Stevens. ............. ..Porrv. Shiawnssee 00.
Mrs. 8. Steele, .............. . .Manton, Wexford Co.
‘gdgow Ounpbell, ..... ..Ypsils.uti, Washtenaw Co.
.1’. W. Wing ......... ...Ann Arbor, Wsshtenaw Co.

iflllllllllllfil §¥llHllI1Ii!ll.

THE STORY OF THE WHEAT.

A GLEANEB.

Gone are March’s hlustering hours,

April comes. with its gentle showers;

The farmer goes forth to his yearly toil,

His plowshare sinks in the yielding soil,

For he who honestly would be fed}

By the sweat of his brow must earn his bread.
Many an hour. to and fro,

Plow and harrow and drill must go,

For thus it is ever the wheat they sow.

Above the ground are long, there peers,
A scattering group of emerald spears;
And then another, till one by one,
They all have risen to meet the sun,
And over the bare brown earth is seen
A waving carpet of velvet green.
Even as April is followed by May
The summer chases the spring awa. ;

And sweet June comes, and sunny July,

And the rustling stalks grow crisp and dry;

Till at last the farmer lays down his pipe-
“Come, boys, to work, for the wheat is ripe.”
The reaper is drawn from it's winter shed,

And out the ready horses are led;

On either side of the tongue they stand,

Made fast by many a willing hand,

And the farmer's son with a_ well-pleased smile,
Mounts to the reaper-seat the while.

A king he seems with his prancing steeds

As out to the harvest the men he leads.
Thewheat. before, on the level lands

Like a proud defiant army stands;

And like that army, conquered and slain,

Soon lie behind them, the sheaves of grain.

The grain is stacked, the summer is past ;
Do the weary hands find rest at last?

Ah, no! on this beautiful autumn day
Around the barn they are toiling awa .

For there, all shining, and new, and c ean,
Stands the glorious threshing machine.

The neighbors are coming from left and right,
Their pitchforks gleam in the morning light,
The driver sits on his seat elate,

And around him the harnessed hum; wait;
The hands, with many a jest and smile,

Are mustered into their pro r file;

From man to man the sign is passed,

That all are ready for work at last.

The horses start at the driver’s word,

And slowly the great machine is stirred.
And loud and merry the cheers arise,

As down from the stack the first sheaf flies.
Down it is pitched where the cutter stands »
With the sharp knife gleaming in his hands,
To sever in twain the wheaten bands.
Faster and faster the wheels are whirled,
Faster and faster the sheaves are hurled;
Faster and faster, from yonder spout,

The golden grain comes tumbling out,

And into the measure and into the sack
And on to the sturdy carrier's back;

And then to the spacious and cleanly bin,
The hard won harvest is emptied in.

Still round and round in a weary row,

The patient, wondering horses go;

Above the roar and rumble and crash,
Sounds the crack of the driver’s lash,

And ever upward the dust clouds rise,
Filling and blinding the threshers’ eyes,
Till across their brows their hands they draw,
While those who level away the straw,
Stand now, too tired to joke or laugh,

Half buried amid the dust and chafi.

But they work so well that their task is done
As the sky grows red with the setting sun.
Gladly the word is given to stop; _
Gladly their tools the workmen drop;

Down on the ground the pitchforks ring,
As down to the ground their owners spring.
The willing horses away are led,

And swiftly their short good-b as are said,
Then ofi they go, by twos an by threes,
And vanish among the wayside trees.
Darkness and silence reign once more,

The busy, bustling farmyard oe’r.

And what becomes of the wheat at last?

Dul through sieve and hopper ’tis past,

Andy then, by the housewife’s skillful hands
Converted to bread on the table stands.
Supper is ready; the tea is poured,

And eagerly around the well-filled board
Gather the heads in a graded row,

Black and golden and brown and tow;

And the farmer's simple grace is said.

“O God, Thou hast heard our prayers for bread;
We thank Thee, 0 Lord, for fertile lands,

We thank Thee, 0 Lord, for willing hands,
But most of all, for the sun’s bright glow,
And the rain that made the wheat to grow.”

_ —Americ¢m Grange Bulletin.

TEE Massachusetts Ploughman says that
it is about time that we abandoned the old
idea that cultivation is solely for the pur-
pose of killing the weeds; for while it is
important that the weeds should be destroy-
ed, it is equally important that the ground
should be kept loose and light. The mo-
ment we fully realize this. we shall realize
the importance of applying the manure
where it will not only be thoroughly mixed
with the soil at the time of its application,
but where it will be distributed and brought
into contact with fresh earth and air every
time the crop is cultivated ; for if we would
assist the plants in gathering up carbonic
acid we must bring the decomposing
elements of the fertilizers in positions where
they will keep up a continual combustion,
and be at all times manufacturing such car-
bonic acid as the rapid growth of the plants
may demand.

THE Chicago Fat Stock Show has been
productive of great good, and has done much
to educate visitors as to the value of differ-
ent breeds. To the student of agriculture
the slaughter test was the most valuable
of all. We ho c this Fall to see tests made
with different reeds of sheep and swine.

Slate Poultry Show.

To the Editor of the Grange Visitor : DEAR
SIR:--VVe would be pleased to notify your
subscribers through your columns that the

,committee in charge have decided to hold a
poultry exhibition in the latter part of Jan-
uary. 1883, at this place. It would be to
every breeder’s interest to send in his name
as soon as possible to the secretary, who
would be pleased to give any information
with regard to the association. It is to be
distinctly understood that this is not to be a
local but a State show. We have on our
list parties from Kalamazoo, Owosso. Low-
ell, Hart, Saginaw, Manistee, Cadillac, Bar-
nard, Paris, Walker, Battle Creek and
Grand Rapids. ‘

The committee have decided to hold a
meeting on the first Wednesday in August,
1882, for the purpose of organizing the State
association and for the election of otlicers.
All parties wishing to join, should send their
name and $5.00 to the secretary, which en-
sures membership.

Respectfully,
R. C. GREINER,
Sec’y pro tem.
Grand Rapids, Mich.. July 1, 1882.

The Grangers and the Wool Business.

From the Grand Ledge Independent.

Editor Independent, Sir .-—I desire to give
a brief history of the wool shipping business
as conducted by the agents appointed by the
State and County Grange:-i. for the benefit of
wool growers and the gemral public,
through the columns of your valuable paper
and the reasons for instimting this sys-
tem of selling our wool ; "i ;-1 neral satisfac-
tion this system gives, til’ .‘.:'-_.~~ consequent
ra§ld growth of the bus’ 

or us to say that the J.‘ growers of our
State had become vet, m'.'n;‘u dissatisfied
with the old system of s v:':':(- ing our wools,
is simply saying what "ix-.1 ybody knows.
The outgrowth of this dissatisfaction result-
ed in calling a convention of the thoughtful,
progressive farmers of Eaton Co., at Char-
lotte, something over four years ago, and
over 50 of our best farmers from the several
towns responded to the call in erson. At
this convention the best meth of prepar-
ing our wools for the market, as well as the
best system to sell were thoroughly discussed
in all their bearings; also, the unfair, and
in many cases outrageous manner our local
buyers handled and bought our wools when
brought on the market for sale. The out-
rage of shrinking all unwashed or poorly
washed wools, one-third, without re ard to
condition or quality—fine combing elaine,
worth in Boston from 50 to 55 cts; medium
delaine and No. 1 wools, worth from 43 to 47
cts., with but little foreign substance, as well
the lower grades, all to be shrunk one- third
-—ought not to be submitted to any longer by
our farmers. Our experience in shipping to
Boston for the past four years proves this
course to be very unjust. Black wools sell
within 1 to 2 cents of white wools of like
quality and condition, and local dealers who
shrink these wools one-third do the grower
great injustice. It was also ascertained by
a committee appointed at the convention,
who reported at an adjourned meeting, that
the margin between home and Boston mar-
kets was fully 10 cents per pound, and that
by shipping direct to Boston (the best mar-
ket in the world), fully one-half of this
margin can be saved to the farmer who had
labored to produce the wool.

After a thorough look up and careful con-
sideration of the subject it was determined
to put an agent in the field to ship wool to
Boston. The undersigned was chosen and
has conducted the business for the past four
years in Eaton county, as well as having
been appointed chairman of a committee by
the State Gran e to work up this shippin
interest in the tate, and the light gleaned
through Eaton county farmers has radiated
out over the State until the amount shipped
has reached hundreds of thousands of
pounds, thus showing very conclusively the
great satisfaction this method of shipping
gives to the wool growers of the State, mak-
ing a net saving of thousands of dollars to
the wool growers to expend for the benefit
of their families. And notwithstanding the
proof that we have of this safe and saving
method of sending to the very doors of the
manufacturer, some local dealers go about
belittling and belyini! us in every conceiv-
able way to deceive the people, that they
may live off our hard earnings.

And now, farmers, it is in your wet to
correct the abuses you have so 0 ten com-
plained of. and could you have been
present with us and seen the efforts
of local dealers in pooling their inter-
ests in losses if need be in buying all
the wool possible which they thought
would be shipped on the days for which
we were to ship from a given point,
you would then realize more fully why
the speculators place their agents in every
town to get possession of your wool at the
earliest moment. It is for the money there
is in it, and not for the love they have
for you. As agent appointed by the
Patrons of Husbandry to carry out
one of the great reforms for which this
farmers’ organization was instituted, I will

receive wool at the different points as per

notice. paying 20 cents on washed and 15
cents for unwashed wools, receipting for
the same, shi pingto Boston to a commis-
sion house, w ose honesty and ability to do
as they agree is guaranteed by three of the
best banks of Boston, where our wool is sold
on its merits and returns made in about 60
days, giving each man his just .due, the
whole expense to the shipper not to exceed
four cents per pound.

In conclusion will say. as wool produc-
ers we have no war to make on our local
dealers as men or citizens, but the system
upon which they buy our wools is wrong
and in many cases is outrageously unjust,
and until there is a change and our wools
are bought on their merits we shall continue
to ship our wools to the market where we
can realize the best price for it. We claim
this to be our privilege and a sacred duty we
owe to ourselves and our families. As pro-
ducers, as tax-payers, as citizens we intend
to use our best efforts to the end that labor
shall not be robbed of its just reward. And
as workers in a good cause we ask all wool
growers to cooperate with us in this needed
reform. H. SHIPMAN, Agent.

Grand Ledge, June 20, 1882.

Durable Whitewash.

Every farmer has more or less outbuild-
ings and fences that are built of rough
boards, that he does not feel thathe can
afford to paint with lead and oil, that could
be covered very cheap with whitewash,
and greatly improved in appearance, and
what to most farmers is important, made to
last twiceas long as if left exposed to the
changes of weather.

The great drawback in common white-
wash is the want of durability, being neces-
sary to renew it every year; but an improv-
ed preparation may be made at a very low
cost, that when roperly ut on willlast
some years and look very we 1. It is made as
follows: for five gallons, slack six quarts of
good lime in hot water, covering it up

while in the process of slacking to keep in
t as steam; when slaelroei an-nu: tnrougn a

coarse cloth ; add one quart of salt, pre and
by boiling in water until dissolved, an the
impurities have been skimmed ofl‘; add one
pound of alum, one-half pound of co peras,
three-fourths ofa pound of of potas , four
quarts of very fine sand. and coloring to suit
the fancy. This preparation should be
put on hot; if properly done it makes a
durable paint. To make a brilliant white
to the amount of lime above mentioned, ad
one-fourth of a pound of burnt alum, one
pound of refined sugar, three pints of rice
flour, made into a thin paste, and one pound
of dissolved glue. This, like the other
should be applied hot. If the lime be g

it will make a very pure white that will last
some years.‘ It is said, with what truth we
cannot vouch for, that the end of the White
House at Washington was at one time cov-
ered with this preparation. There can be but
little doubt that it is economy to keep rough
board fences and outbuildings covered with
a cheap paint or whitewash; it prevents
decay by keeping the water out of the wood;
it also adds much to the appearance of the
house. The outlay is very trifling indeed,
except of labor, which can be done by the
farmer or his boys, when other work is not
driving. It is believed by many that it ays
to whitewash the shingles on the mo s of
buildings, as it not only assists to prevent
decay but is a great safeguard against fire.-
Massachusetts Ploughman.

lisiiers irom the Best Milksrs.

We think that the best dairymen are
agreed in regard to the profit of raising
their own cows to supply additions to their
herds. Ve few have ever selected a valu-
able herd w olly by purchase. It has been
said that if total depravity can ever be al-
leged againsta farmer, it will be found in
his representations on the sale of cows. We
have often enumerated the important points
in favor of home-raised cows, and one of the
most important is the opportunity of select-
ing the heifer calves from the best milkers,
bothinqualit and quantity. If the dairymen
gives no hee to this point, he will perpetu-
ate his worthless cows with his good ones,
and thus never improve his dairy herd. A
large majority of dairymen have cows in
their herds that do not pay for their keeping;
and, as they do not apply a test to the indi-
vidual cows, they continue not only to keep
them but to breed from them. This a most
suicidal policy. Although we strongly
recommend dairymen to raise their own
cows, we are far from advising them to per-
petuate their poor cows. It would be even
better policy to give them away to a favorite
brother-in-law. The heifer calves from only
the best cows should be raised, and the
weedin out should go on still further.
When t ese heifers come into milk, those
that do not come up to the proper standard
should always be made of each cow in the
herd, and of each heifer during her first
period of milking. If _ the heifer has the
appearance of a well-formed milker and of
having a good dam, it may not be judicious
to pass upon her first milking season, if her
quality is below the standard, for the next
season may develplp her satisfactorily.-Nw
tional I/ive Stock om-nal. ~

C. H. MCCORMICK is characterized as
“the millionaire who has fattened ofl’ the
public on other men’s inventions,”—this in
reference to the impending war against all
users of twine-binders.

Talks on Poultry. No. II.

EATING AND DRINKING.

No distinction is necessary in feeding
youngfowls whether they are intended :for
market or egg production. All growing
stock eat greedily, and there is little danger
of overfeedlng. I

Fowls intended for market should be fat-
tened about ten days, and the principle
should be a “short life and a merry one.”
Corn is perhaps the main food for all fowls,
with as much variety as you can command
to keep a healthy appetite. Oats soaked
over night makes an excellent feed. One
farmer we know makes it a practice in fat-
tening allstock to entirely omit one meal
about every week. It sharpens the appe-
titc as nothing else will, and lessens the
danger of surfeiting.

There is as much difference in the quali-
ty of eggs from different farms as in the but-
ter. This is due to feed and care. Laying
fowls should not be fed all they will eat, as
fat hens are not laying hens. Make them
forage; keep them busy. Increase the food
at this season as you notice their molting,
to supply the extra drain upon the system.

In answer toan inquiry about the compo-
nent parts of an egg with reference to
the kind of feed hens needed to make eggs
the following was received from Professor
Kedzie, of the agricultural college:

sm:LL.
Animal matter , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2.00
Phosphate of lime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Carbonate of lime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

mama.
Nitrogenous matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.00
Fatty matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

%line matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ate! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Feed whole grain to all fowls for the last
meal in the day, and scatter it well upon
the ground or throw it in all directions as
they are eating. In feeding anything but
grain, troughs should be used.

Takes. long, narrow box. Make a lath
door for the missing long side. It can be
fastened to the box with leather hinges and
strap for fastening. Put the lathe a couple
of inches apart so fowls can only get their
heads in easily. With this scheme, food is
kept clean, each gets its share. and what is
left can be warmed over for the next meal.
You readily perceive you can polish this
scheme, and make one as expensive as you
wish, or we will even let you have two if
you need them.

If you are troubled by ducks taking a
bath in every pan of clean water you set
out for drinking. as we have been, you may
appreciate the following scheme which we
have found useful. Take a stone jug; chip
2. piece about an inch square out of one side
of the mouth. Have a box into which the

if you wish. Inclose the jug entirely in the
box except the mouth of the jug. A couple
of pieces may be nailed on the sides of the
box to make it stand even with the mouth
of the jug. With your big brown filled
‘with fresh water, and turned mouth down
into a shallow basin, you have a drinking
fountain as good for practical purposes as
though it cost you $3.00.

Notice by the foregoing table how much
water there is in an egg, and always keep a
supply in some shady place where fowls
will always know where to find it.

G’a’,‘{‘f,_,},’,‘,‘,*,‘;';0*,:f"’”-} OLD POULTRY.

Mrs. J. S. Bidwell asked in Vrsrron of
July 1st, where she could get eggs for hatch-
ing of the Bronze turkey variety. In the
issue of June 1st, a writer says she got eggs
in Ada, Kent county. Presume you could
get them of that correspondent. Such
things should be referred to the advertising
columns. If some one does not occupy this
field soon, we will. 0. P.

AT the present moment it is not quite
certain that Hon George B. Loring will be
made Secretary of Agriculture, Transporta-
tion, Mining, Commerce, Rellgion and
Amusements. If we can have a full depart-
ment of agriculture, it is hardly robable
that there will be in it room for all t e other
interests enumerated, yet there is n doubt
that the versatile Loring can atten to all
when the duty is assigned him.——I-Iusband-
mam.

ILLINOIS is now the foremost State in the
Union for cattle. Kane county has 89 head
to the square mile, being most y mllch cows
while DeKalb county has an average of 74.

The average of the whole State is 38 cattle
to the square mile. , _

:.-~ :. vm»:..~ .;i.is»m:usai.. -

jug fits easily allowing for a little packing '

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TEE

GRANGE VISITOR.

JULY 15, 1882.

Gznmmunitaiiuna.

BETWEEN THE LEAVES.

BY JOSEPHINE ronnsnn
I took a volume, old and worn,
From off the library shelf one day;
The covers were defaced and torn,
And many a leaf had gone astray.
I turned the pages slowly o’er
In search of some forgotten truth,
Familiar in the days of yore
As were the school books of my youth.

The mildewed leaves, the faded print,
Seemed quite inanimate and cold,
As if they ne’er had been the mint
From which I garnered precious gold,
So dull and colorless the page,
I turned and turned in hopes to find
Something that would restore to age‘
The freshness of the youthful mind.

As well, indeed might I essay

Hope’s early visions to renew,
01' give unto a dead bouquet

Its former fragrance and its dew.‘
I closed the volume with a sigh,

As if it were joy’s entrance door-
A bit of color caught my eye

Just as it fluttered to the floor.

’Twas but a ma le leaf, all blotched
With gold an crimson, green and brown,
The edges delicately notched,
And perfect still from stem to crown;
And when I took it in my hand,
This little leaf from maple tree.
As if it were a magic wand,
Brought back a vanished youth to me.

I lived again those joyful days,
The old, familiar songs I sung,
And walked again, with sweet delays,
The paths I loved when I was young
E’en as the hues upon the leaf,
Each scene appeared so freshly bright
That all remembrances of grief
Were lost and faded out of sight.

What are the Obligations of the Pomona Grange to
the Subordinate?

Read before the Cass county Grange and by request
sent to the Vrsrroa for publication.

Worthy Master.-—The subject assigned me
is an important one, and what I may say
at this time will be with the desire to awak-
en a greater ‘interest among the members
of the Subordinate, in the County Granges.

I find in the address of the Worthy Mas-
ter of the National Grange these words in re-
gard to Pomona Granges:

“This organization was authorized to
strengthen and aid the Subordinate Granges,
and to more thoroughly break up the isola-
tion which exists among farmers, and bet-
ter unite them in social and business rela-
tions. They give their members within
their jurisdiction, an opportunity to become
acquainted with each other, and to counsel
together, and more effectually co-operate for
the advancement of the social, educational,

and business features of the Order. As they
hm,‘ m, due, to pay bu the state or Na-

tional Grange, they have funds to employ
lecturers, and meet the necessary expense
of public gatherings.”

We see by this that Pomona Granges were
organized for the purpose of strengthening
and encouraging the Subordinate, and thus
it becomes their imperative duty so to do;
this obligation they ought not to evade. Were
this one point understood, and acted upon
by every Pomona Grange, the falling away
among Subordinate Granges, would be less
and less. We sometimes say such a Grange
is strong, they do not need any help or en-
couragement. How little do we know of
the power dormant in what we may con-
sider a strong Grange? or how much might
be developed and brought out by a judicious
stirring lecture, or even by the discussions
of the Pomona Grange? A wise provision
has been made in the establishment of a
National Lecture Bureau; for a small sum
a course of lectures can be had, and every
Subordinate Grange in the county ought to
have the benefit of one or more of these lec-
tures, besides occasional visits from the
home lecturer. Education is the prime ob-
ject of the Order, and instruction in its
principles is what we most need. As Pat-
rons we are too careless about the practice
of our obligations toward one another, in
the different branches of the Order.

Many good members of the Subordinate
Grange labor under the delusion that the
county organization is a sort of aristocracy,
and they want none of it. No greater mis-
take was ever made; so far from being an
aristocracy, it is the willing servant of the
Subordinate Grange, doing all the business
in the 4th degree and cordially inviting all
4th degree ’members to sit with them and
have all the privileges of the members of
the 5th degree except voting.

Then one may say, why join the county
Grange if we can have all the privileges ex-
cept voting? We don't care to vote. To a
casual observer this might seem plausible,
but let us reason about this; to illustrate:
You have a neighbor who has a fine house
handsomely furnished, full of rollicking
boys and girls; you have none, that is, you
have a home, but your means will not war-
rant a large family, or such surroundings as
are so necessary to your happiness; but
what matters it? Your neighbor across the
way welcomes you to sit at his table, and
partake of whatever bill of fare he ‘has pro-
vided. You, may go to his study and con-
sult the best authors his library affords, you
may enter freely into the discussions with
the family, and feel that you are daily being
enriched,without any expense to yourself;
Ah,no! amid it all you have a feeling of
not being one of them; your interests do
not reach beyond the present hour, the re-

i

sponsibilities of the future do not belong to
you. This is the position of the mem-
bers of the Subordinate Grange who do
not care to join the Pomona because
they have all the privileges. To such we
say, Come, identify your interests with ours,
and we will try to convince you that there
are greater benefits arising from the mem-
bership of the county organization because
of their double relation. The work in the
Subordinate Grange is confined to locality;
the Pomona Grange has a general interest
throughout the county. Members of the
Pomona Granges pay an extra fee, and do
double work. By this we may be led to be-
lieve they are deeply interested, for they
make sacrifices of time and money for the
good of, not the Pomona Grange, b11t
the Order.

Agood member of the Pomona Grange
will be present at every regular meeting, if
possible, and will carry to his own Grange
some of the good things he has so freely par-
taken of, just as delegates to the State
Grange catch enthusiasm and make better
members ever after, even though they may

. not make an extended report of the session.

At the last State Grange there were over 25
Pomona Granges represented and all the
delegates were Masters or Past Masters and
their wives.

I digress somewhat from my subject, to
show that even Pomona Granges can be very
far from the standard of Grange intelli-
gence. Although there were 43 delegates rep-
resenting Pomona Granges, the chairman on
Pomona Granges reported no work. This
was not entirely the fault of the delegates.
Many of them had never been representatives
before, and their Grange not having laid out
any work for them, they were there to look
on, and learn what they could by a close
observation of the business manner of that
body. In VanBuren county we were left to
draw up whatever petition or resolution
might suggest itself at the time.

Is not this the manner of our State
legislation, and is not this the cause of
so little being accomplished, and is it
not all wrong ? Should not work be laid
out and assigned each representative?
They would then feel that something definite
was expected of them, and they could not ex-
cuse themselves as did the idler when asked,
“Why stand ye here all the day idle ?” be-
cause “no man hath‘ hired us.” The man
who lays out his work for the season gets
much more done than the one who has to
decide when the time comes what to do;
thus much more is accomplished during the
four days session of the State Grange when
every delegate goes with his work all

planned and marked out on paper; or our
legislators, in 90 days, might include all that

ought to be done, and well done, and not
be at the expense of an extra session fre-
quently.

Let the Subordinate Grange prepare work
for the County Granges. There are enter-
prises which cannot be carried out by one
Grange alone; solicit aid and counsel of the
Pomona and thus showyou understand the
mission of the Pomo_na Grange and expect
something worthy of that body, thus Grange
work might be greatly increased and Grange
principles more generally understood and
practiced, and co-operation between the two
branches be a wide spread benefit.

We have found that the Pomona Grange
was organized for the benefit of the Subordi-
nate, but has the Subordinate no obligations
in the matter? We think it certainly owes
some allegiance, as they are mutually bene-
fited as co-workers. There should be no dis-
crepancies between the two, but work har-
moniously carried on together, and a work
may yet be acomplished of which we now
have but a dim comprehension.

DUTIES OF POMONA GRANGES.

The Pomona Grange is under special obli-
gation to seek out the weak Granges, visit
them as a Grange, or send some good build-
ers to meet and encourage and strengthen
them; thereby showing the interest and

care the Pomona Grange has over and for A

the Order. Masters of Pomona Granges
should be selected with reference to their
executive ability, knowledge of parliment-
ary usages and-capability to govern. No
Grange can prosper without decorum, and
the Subordinate look to the Pomona for per-
fection in all. that goes to make a first class
business body. 3

At one time I heard a member of the
Subordinate Grange comment on the loose
manner in which the County Grange was
conducted and sneeringly said, “Oh, well,
they are a higher body and can afford to
skip the little minutiae of the Grange eti-
quette.” Pomona Granges should select
such persons for their ofiicers as will digni-
fy the oflice. We have known members who
seemed to think the opening and closing ex-
ercises of little importance and who would sit
and read or whisper to their neighbor. What
can one expect of such a member ? He may
be intelligent, may be informed on all the
topics of the day and be able to expatiate on
them eloquently, yet he is not a good Patron,
he cannot stoop to simple things, his life
must be made up of great deeds for which
an opportunity comes but seldom. Some old
members have outgrown the wisdom of the
founders of the Order; is not this the trouble
with some of the Granges to-day? We
heard a person rwently say, “I’ll never ask
my son to join the Grange as long as field
work is oountenanced.” Through ignorance

and lack of interest, the beauty of the lesson
taught in the ceremony was lost sight of.
The observance of every rule should be in-
slsted upon. Those are the strongest
Granges that work nearest the ritual, and
observe closely parliamentary usages.

One other point and I have done: if the
Grange is appointed at ten o’clock, let the
gavel sound at ten if there is a‘ quorum. Do
not wait for a crowd, or go on the plan that
it is ten ’till it is eleven. Time is precious.
Many come from a long distance and they
do not feel paid to spend so much time visit-
ing, although that is an important feature,
and should be cultivated at the proper time.
Patrons ought to feel at freedom to address
each other without the formality of an in-
troduction, should there be no one near to
perform that ceremony. Let me admonish
each member of the Order, be they 4th or
5th degree members, to do their whole duty
as they understand it, and labor for the up-
building of humanity and not be satisfied
till the class we represent stands a peer with
other classes physically, morally, intellectu-
ally and politically.

 

Representation in the State Grange.

After briefly reviewing Brother Cortland
Hi1l’s article, in the VISITOR of May 1st, on
the above subject, and submitting a few
more arguments in support of my position,
I am done for the present. I leave our Bro-
ther in the hands of Sister Bradner and
others, with the admonition to treat him
tenderly.

He is mistaken when he says I have made
two replies to his first article, as the article
itself shows. He knows “of no institution
in which all the members enjoy a broader
equality, and unrestricted liberty, than in
our noble Order.” I wish he had named a
few such institutions, for I am unable to
call any such to mind just now. Possibly
he may find some such among the many
secret organizations of the day, but where,
in any of the institutions of our State or
general government, from overseer of high-
ways to the Presidency, can he find a single
instance in which some former office or posi-
tion is made a stepping-stone to some other
ofiice or position 2‘

It is true, as the Brother says, “all fourth-
degree members are eligible to a seat in the
State Grange.” In one way only are they
eligible: and that is through the Master's
office. It matters not how well qualified a
member may be, or how earnestly the “oflice
may seek" him, unless he has been through
the l\Iaster’s ofiice he must take a back seat
in the convention for the election of dele-
gates; and if any -‘votes should be cast for
him theyr would ‘Es void. Supposing our
Brother had been placed in such a position,
would he not have been humiliated?
Would he then have said, “can anything be
fairer ? Was there ever an institution more
liberal with its members ?”

And then he says: “Will my Brother tell
me where the aristocracy comes in ?” It
comes in right here, and here, too, comes in
that “little kink” our Brother speaks of in
his last article; it was that very same “kink”
that called out the petitions referred to in
commencing his first article, and which we
are endeavoring to unkink.

The Brother says: “In the first place, we
select the best members we have in the Sub-
ordinate Grange to be members of the State
Grange, and then we make another selection
from those chosen ones for delegates to_rep-
resent our interests. Did you ever hear of
anything so fair and so commendable? My
Brother, this is more than Republicanism;
it shows the progressive march of our noble
Order.” Now if this shows progression,
and if by making two selections we secure
better material for delegates, why not apply
the same rule in the selection of all officers
from Gate Keeper to Master of the National
Grange? If this theory is correct, the more
selections we make the higher the standard
of qualifications of oflicers or delegates
would be.

But here is a “little kink” for our Brother
to straighten out. If it is true that we do
"now select the best members of our Subor-
dinate Granges for delegates, and we con-
tinue to do so, how would the removal of
the restrictions upon fourth-degree members
affect the membership of the State Grange ?
If the rule organizing the State Grange is
“so fair and commendable” it should cer-
tainly be applied in the selection of all oili-
cers of our State and National governments.
If it is “equality and fairness” in the
Grange, it would be out of it. Would our
Brother favor such an application ? He cer-
tainly would not. It is nonsense for us to
preach equality and fairness when we ex-
clude three-fourths of our members from
one of the most sacred rights of American
citizens. I claim we should either change
the rule organizing the State Grange, or ex-
punge those meaningless words from our
Declaration of Purposes.

I am at a loss to conceive how the Brother
could infer from my article that I favored
the selection of delegates from outside the
county or district in which they reside. I
certainly never hinted at any such thing.
The inalienable right referred toin my ar-
ticle did not (as our Brother assumes) refer
to voting in the Grange at all, but the right
to be a candidate and be elected, if worthy,
as representative to the State Grange, or 
other position in the gift of Patrons. .

I am unwilling to believe our Brother

would ignore that prominent feature in our
Declaration of Purposes which declares that
the “office should seek the man and not the
man the oflice.” Yet, from the position he
assumes, I am almost forced to such conclu-
sions. In regard to large salaries, etc., the
vest was intended for only those whom it
fits. I would suggest, however, that even
$1.50 per day and mileage, with the privil-
edge of membership in the State Grange, is
considered preferable to being only a specta-
tor with expenses out of pocket.

In regard to the disposal of the petitions
of hundreds of good Patrons upon this sub-
ject, at the session of 1880, Brother Hill
says: “No member on that floor had more
influence in settling that vexed question
than the Master of the National Grange.”
I regret very much that the Worthy Master
should cast his influence in that direction.
It does not seem consistent with the princi-
ples of equal rights he has so earnestly ad-
vocated these many years.

Brother Hill thought this matter was

-finally disposed of at the State Grange of

1880-—but it was not. It came up again at
the session of 1881, and it will continue to
come up until justice is meeted out to all
members of our Order. This matter was
also before the National Grange at its last
session, where it met the same fate it did in
our State Grange of 1880, and at the hands
of members who profess to be the friends of
the masses, and the champions of “equality
and fairness.” And the same parties who
have complained so loud and so long before
Congress have taken precisely the same
course with the petitions of almost untold
numbers of our citizens in regard to railroad
freights and patent-right swindles. But
perhaps it makes some difference whose “ox
is being gored.”

Brother Hill closes by saying “ I have
written enough to show where I stand.” I
cannot believe that he advocates the con-
tinuance of the State Grange on its present
basis because of the “loaves and fishes,” but
through mistaken ideas of one of the most
sacred principles of our Order, and of a
republican form of government.

D. WOODMAN,
Paw Paw.

The Dignity of Labor as Taught in the Manual.

Worthy Master and Patrons .- The sub-
ject I have chosen is the one suggested by
the VVorthy Lecturer at our last meeting:
“How can we add dignity to labor as taught
in the manual?”

That there is a dignity in labor that is
to be found in nothing else will be acknowl-
edged by every thoughtful individual when
he reflects on the achievements that are ac-
complished though its results.

Labor clears the forrests, drains the
swamps that they may be utilized, and
makes all nature rejoice, and the wilderness
to blossom as the rose. Labor drives the
plow, plants the seed, harvests and grinds
the grain and converts it into bread for she
subsistence of the hundreds of millions of
the human race.

It is by labor that the city, with its col-
leges, manufactories and magnificent build-
ings, springs into being.

It erects beautiful homes for men and
women to dwell in and converts the fibers
which nature prepares into clothes for their
covering and comfort.

It seems to have been the destiny intended
by our Creator that man should labor, for all
of his achievements, whether great or small,
for which he is entitled to honor, the di-
rect results of his own efforts and exertions.

The man who does his part in life, who
tries to elevate himself and society, who
pursues some worthy vocation by which he
may be able to support himself and feels
that he is not a burden to society, is truly a
happy man. No idle man, though he may
may be supported by wealthy friends, or by
a fortune that has fallen to him without his
own exertions, can feel the genuine inde-
pendence and self respect of him who hon-
estly and manfully earns his living by the
sweat of his brow. I

It seems to me that we can add dignity to
labor by teaching the rising generation that
all there is that goes to make up the sum of
human greatness and happiness is the di-
rect results of their own efforts. Impress up-
on the minds of those over whom you, have
control that it is their duty as far as their
health and strength will permit, to be indus-
trious. Self-supporting boys and girls will be
industrious self -supporting men and women.
On the contrary how often do we see the
mother do the drudgery, in fact, nearly all
of the work, simply to make of her daughter
what aristocracy would call a lady, and the
father become a slave to the capricious de-
mands of an idle spendthrift, creating in
their youthful minds an aversion to labor,
and fitting them to become anything but
intelligent, useful men and women.

There is an aversion to farm labor caused
primarily by the pernicious custom which
is quite universal among farmers of working
from 16 to 18 hours a day, beginning at 4
o’clock in the morning and working, toil-
ingfand fretting until 9 o'clock at night,
from mouth to month and from year to
year, taking little time for any pleasure or
recreation or for posting themselves on the
general issues of the day, or toqualify them-
selves to elevate the calling of which they
are representatives. This, Brother and Sis-

ter Patrons, I know from experience and
observation, is not misrepresented or ex-
aggerated. Then is it to be wondered that
those boys possessed of the brightest intel-
lects and highest aspirations are leaving
the farm and searching for some other more
pleasant and elevating occupation 2’ No
wonder, I say, that agriculture is so illy rep-
resented in our State and National Legisla-
tures when the farmer will not make an ef-
fort to qualify himself to honorably dis-
charge the duties and responsibilities of the
position.

If we as farmers would add dignity to la-
bor let us at once abandon this slavish and
inhuman custom and endeavor to elevate
ourselves and our calling to the position
to which they rightfully belong. Let us
adopt the ten hour system,commencing and
quiting at six,_with about two hours’ rest in
the heat of the day. There would also be from
two to three hours in the evening that
might be appropriated to education, rest and
recreation.

This would give us time to think as well as toil
How we could best improve the mind and fertilize
the soil.

If this plan were followed the aversion to
farm labor I think would disappear and til.
ling the soil would be looked upon and
sought after as the noblest calling known to
man. May God speed the day.

ALVIN MORLEY.
._________________
Woman's Rights.

Bro. Cobb .° In the VISITOR of May 15th,
* * * proposes the following for discus-
sion :

“Resolved, That women are entitled to, and
should be endowed by law to hold as her
own, and will, or otherwise decree in case of
her decease, one-third of the property gained
during married life.”

I send a few lines endeavoring to advocate
the negative. The principal points I wish
to make in this article, are, that such a law
would lessen man’s inclination to marry
and become the head of a family, and also
slacken his business energy and enterprise,
by dividing the responsibility of maintain-
taining the family, with the wife. I believe
that women's rights, in every sense, are
equal to man’s, and that at the enactment of
any and every law, her welfare and happi-
ness should receive equal consideration with
his, but I do not believe, the law does, or
should. require of women what it requires of
men.

Human society, is a compound of men
and women, and so long as the main object
of all laws, is the promotion of happiness to
the greatest number of all classes of society,
it is absurd to consider the wants of one sex,
independent of the other. It requires more
than one wheel in constructing a watch, no
two are "alike, yet the absence of any de-
stroys the whole. A happy society, is a ma-
chine, where human laws are made with
such wisdom, that they act in unison with
nature’s laws, where men and women made
by nature, with different powers. desires and
wants, move as wheels in a machine, with-
out discord.

"Order is heaven’s first law,” and man-
kind have almost universally recognized its
necessity, by adopting the family as the
basis or unit of society. As in numbers, we
are taught invariably to measure every
amount. however great, by a fixed unit, so
the wants of society are measured, by the
wants of families. This unit, man and wife,
comprising all the characteristics of the hu-
man species, happy if harmoniously united,
with the complement, children, making the
family, is one in society. In this unit circle,
woman, as wife, mother, and sister, reigns
queen of all hearts, and no law enacted upon
a theory of human rights, framed with a
view of making her independent, and self-
supporting, but will tend toward her degra-
dation.

Men are not good enough, to live under
laws, enacted upon a theory of right, the exe-
cution of which conflicts with their natures.
Universally in the animal kingdom the
male is the stronger, and assumes protection
over his mates, and man has too much
animal in his nature, feels he is too much a
lord of creation, not to rebel at any as-
sumption of independence on the part of
woman.

The living of people in families, promotes
morality and virtue, qualities which the law
should ever promote, hence the law should
never discourage at least, the inclination of
people arriving at mature age, to marry and
form family relations. This in our country
seems entirely in the hands of the men. Un-
til a man asks a woman to marry, she seems
indifferent whether to marry or not. She
may then accept or reject. If the men do
not wish for wives, women will go unmar-
ried. If the price demanded by fashion and
style to maintain family relations are too
high. they will wait. If the law is so
changed that in the struggle of life for the
ownership of property, individual interests
will arise where now is family union, they
will hesitate more.

It seems a little thing, the wish or incli-
nation of men, yet the wishes of the people,
build up or subvert governments. The sum
of the matter is this, as the family is now
constituted, man feels the responsibility of
its support resting upon him, and will toll in
pain and privation to himself, to support
her who he has asked to be his wife, and
their children, when he would rebel if the

impulses of his nature were trammled by ‘


JULY 15, 1882.

are c-semen visiron.

3

conflicting laws. In the State, individual
enterprise, is mainly relied upon to build up,
and maintain her greatness, and if she
would have her citizens energetic and en-
terprising, she will be careful of enacting
laws, encroaching upon the responsibilities
of manhood.
JAMES HABGER.
Howell Grange, No. 90, June 22, 1882.

Grand Traverse Oouniy—lis Grange: and Great fle-
sourses.

Bro. Cobb .-—-I thought it might not be out
of place to send you a line for the VISITOR
in regard to a very pleasant visit to the
Granges of Grand Traverse county. By re-
quest of Secretary Hyde, acting by order of
the County Grange of Grand Traverse coun-
ty, I was invited to give a course of lectures
commencing June 1st. The first meeting
was at Kingsley, on the Grand Rapids &
I. R. R., about thirty miles from Traverse
City, on the evening of June 1st. If allowed
to judge, I should prono ce the meeting a
success. They have a ingsley a lively
Grange of about forty members, and bright
hopes of a large increase. The country
around for some distance is good, and farm-
ers are fully confident of a bright future and
much benefit from the Grange.

The next point was Traverse City, where
I met at the station Brothers Hyde, secre-
tary of the County Grange, and our VVorthy
Brother Ramsdell, of the Executive Com-
mittee of the State Grange.

Now, Brother, you will pardon me for not
going into details, as Brother Whitney does
about nice dinners, when I sayI was lunched
and dined on the best during my whole trip,
and that is all any one could desire and I am
particularly under obligations to our worthy
Brother Ramsdell and wife, who are both
Grangers clear through, for their generous
care of me at their house during my stay,
and for Brother Ramsdell’s great interest in
Grange work in that region. Be assured,
Brother Cobb, that Brother Ramsdell is not
idle up there, but he is one of the live ones
whose work tells in that region.

As soon as I had lunched at Traverse City
a livery team was at our disposal and
Brother Ramsdell and myself were making
good time to Williamsburg, 15 miles away,
where I was to speak at 2 P. M., June 2d.

As the meeting was in the afternoon there
was not a large attendance, but the outlook
was good for a lively Grange. One was or-
ganized a short time before. The next point
was Elk Lake, nine miles from Williams-
burg, when Brother Ramsdell and myself
spoke in the evening to a crowded house.
Here is a lovely working Grange and a
splendid farming country. The next point
was the home of Judge Ramsdell, where we
spent the night and spoke to Traverse City
Grange Saturday at 2 P. M.

When the hour of meeting came it mined
and rained but for all that a good number of
Traverse City Grangers met at their hall and
a good meeting was had notwithstanding
the rain. Traverse City Grange is on good
working ground and is moving along with
an influence that is telling well for the Order.
At Traverse City we found Sister Campbell,
daughter of the worthy Chaplain of the State
Grange. who is prominent not only in the
Grange, but in most of the great moral
movements of the day. The next point was
the meeting of the Pomona Grange of Grand
Traverse county, about twelve miles south
of Traverse City, held June 6 and 7. Judge
Ramsdell and myself spoke in the afternoon
to the Pomona Grange, and I spoke in the
evening at an open meeting to a crowded
house. The meetings, if I could judge, were
appreciated, and seemed to give courage to
the worthy members of Grand Traverse
county.

I was most agreeably disappointed in the
Grand Traverse country. A very large share
of the land will eventually prove excellent
farming lands and in fruit it will most cer-
tainly excel. Grand opportunities are now
open for courageous young farmers to make
homes on the cheap railroad lands, which are
held at $7.50 per acre. Those lands must
largely advance in price. The timber is
mostly maple, such timber I never before
saw in the south part of the State. Grand
Traverse Bay is one of the most delightful
inlets that eye ever beheld. The home of
Judge Ramsdell at the head of the bay over-
looking its clear crystal waters and his mag-
nificent fruit (a mint in value of itself)
speaks well for the good judgment of our
worthy brother in the grand selection he has
made. Fraternally yours,

T. F. MOORE.

THE Grange is a mammoth institution
and the Patrons of Husbandry a fixed fact.
In the end it will advance the moral, so-
cial, intellectual and financial condition
of the producing classes. Patrons_of Hus-
bandry are willing to travel hand in hand
with mechanics and manufacturers; they
need their industry and skill, and cordially
meet themhalf way, but not by the way of
the middle man.

Jackson 00., Mich.
Mr. Editor .- — The “ In ersoll Liquid
Rubber Paint” is giving ent re satisfaction.
The verdict of all who have tried it, is that
it s, reads easier, and will cover more surface
an leave a smoother finish and last longer,
than any other pang; theytlf1;lV]9 ever seen or

used' espeg J .yI). LEWIS.

[See advertisement.-EDI'r0B.]

diurtetpnudcnre.

Grange Picnic at Elwell.

About half past nine June 22, teams from
from all directions were seen wending their
way towards Elwell for the purpose of en-
joying a picnic, to be held in Miller’s grove,
a. short distance from the village.

Right here we will say that a better place
could" not have been found in Gratiot county.

The grounds are large and beautifully sit-
uated.

An immense procession was formed under
the direction of Marshall Vaught and made
its way from the grove in good order. Bro.
J. C. Holbrook, the new General deputy for
Michigan, was on hand as - chief speaker.
\Ve had excellent music both vocal and in-
strumental, and plenty of it.

During the absence of Bro. Holbrook for
dinner Hon. C. G. Willett was called on to
make some remarks in behalf of the far-
mer. His addr_ess was well received. Bro.
Holbrook then came forward and was in-
troduced to the large audience that had as-
sembled to hear this new speaker. He had
not talked long before I was satisfied that
Bro. Luce had appointed the right man for
deputy. He has good command over him-
self, and the audience were well pleased
with him. He has left a good impression
on the minds of Patrons in this part of the
State. We fancy there is a bright future
opening up to Bro. Holbrook. His visit on
the 22d of June will long be remembered by
the Patrons of this county with pleasure.
The band did admirably and were thanked
by the speaker for the good work done by
them.

In the evening the boys gave an enter-
tainment at the Grange hall and their suc-
cess during the day drew a full house and
will again whenever they play. On the
whole we had a splendid day.

VVM. J. lvlorrnrr.

Elwell, June 26, 1882.

_____._____.__.___
A Birlhday Address.

Brothers and Sisters.-—I don’t know as
any of you have thought of it, but to-day is
our birthday. VVe are eight years old to-day.
When we started in life as a Grange there
were but few that met together. and said,
“We will have a Grange at Milford.” There
were only just enough to make a Grange,
nine men and four women, (and one of those
was not there). Mr. Wood, the organizing
Deputy, held our application open to give us
a chance to take in more charter members
and Brother Smith, from Fenton, came and
gave us the finishing touch ; so that we were
organized as a grange with 35 members. We
kept increasing in numbers till the summer
of ‘T6 there arose a little cloud of hard-feel-
ing, and we began to dwindle down hill,
till ’78 we were scarcely a Grange in num-
ber. We lost ourselves, as it were. Finally
we rallied enough to have our election of
officers in Ferguson’s hall, then we got E.
C. Herrington to come and install us. VVe
had the Odd Fellows’ hall, and some of you
old members that are here to-day with me,
remember well that we had to install some
by proxy. Since then some of the time
there has been only just enough to hold our
charter.

This last fall and winter we have had a
revival and now we number 28. And now
as Patrons let us keep all discord out of our
ranks, peace and harmony being the
strength of all institutions, and more es-
pecially this, our Grange. Brothers and
Sisters, again I say, this is our birthday.
Let us take warning by the past; let us look
forward to the time when we shall all be
gathered home to that Great Grange above,
where we meet to part no more, is the wish
of your master,

E. C. NEWMAN.

- Milford, March 18, 1882. ‘

[This brief address was read by Brother
Newman, its Worthy Master, at a meeting
of Milford Grange, No. 377, March 18, 1882.
He died April 11, following.—ED.]

THE fact that farmers are taking a great
interest in public uestions is a hopeful sign
of the times. A ew years ago a public
meeting of farmers was an occurrence ex-
tremely rare. Now-a-days during the sum-
mer and early autumn scarcely a day passes
without a farmers’ meeting, a picnic or
gathering of some kind, pleasure and recre-
ation constituting an important incentive,
but in nearly all these meetings questions
that concern the material interest of farmers,
their labor and its products, are discussed.
It is common for some speaker to be selected
and for him to address his audience form-
ally upon these topics. Many of these gath-
erings have attendance running up into
thousands. Instances are not iare when
the meetings are held one, two or three days.
Under the influences exerted by these farm-
ers’ meetings, it is absolutely certain that
there must be substantial growth of thought,
of practical knowledge, sure to give valuable
results. These meetings are never used for
politcial purposes, using the adjective in its
ordinary sense as referring to partisan poli-
tics, but they are used to acquaint farmers
with that sound political economy which
leads to intelligent appropriation of labor, of
means, and to true economy in the govern-
ment. The truth is, farmers are really be-
coming that independent class they have
been called in past years, that is to say, they
are acquiring independence in thought and
action. By and by it will be dimcult to
hold them within party lines except as those
lines may be drawn to accommodate them
very nicely.—The Huabandman.

The Grange.

BY D. H. THING.

“Good evening, Brother L——-. I have
dro ped in to get a few more of your ideas
oft ‘e Grange. What are its principal bene-
fits? ’ '

“Its material benefits are in just propor-
tion to its social and educational privileges.
As we become better acquainted with each
other and better posted as to our disabilities
and equal burdens, better educated as to
how great and important reforms are secur-
ed, and learn more and more of the power
and moral influence of co-operation, we are
of course better prepared to secure to our-
selves the blessings resulting, or that should
result, from honest industry. In fact all that
farmers need to be taught is the importance
of co-operation and taught how to use it for
their own good and to the harm of none.
The remedy for all the ills of which we com-
plain may be found /in combining together
for social, legislative and pecuniary protec-
tion. We complain of the monopolies and
at the same time assist by our votes to send
men to Congress to work in their interests.
We complain of railroad discrimination and
extortion, but send men to Congress who
dare not open the months in defence of the
just demands of Anti-Monopoly Leagues.
Farmers’ Alliances, and State and National
Granges. Farmers have the remedy in
their own hands and can use it at their will.
The National Grange, every State Grange,
and thousands of Sub. and County Granges
demand the modification of the patent
laws. Congressman Reed of the first Maine
district dared to oppose it in the interests of
one of the most powerful Iobbys at the
Capitol. The Patrons of that district hold
the balance of power and Mr. Reed can only
be returned by their votes.”

“Will they dare make an issue on him and
his course?’

“Farmers complain and justly complain,
of high taxes. Internal revenues. im ort
duties, State, county and town taxes ma e a
burden of which the small farmer may com-
plain. The National Grange and all State
Granges have demanded a graduate income
Sax and each member of Congress has re-

eived a unanimously signed copy of the
petition to this end.”

“Who has moved in the matter? How
many representatives will have their names
cut from the regular ticket for failing to re-
gard thejust claims of their constituents."

“No man thus derelict of his duty can
have my vote henceforth forevermore, and I
hope and believe that most Patrons feel as I
do; But I am running on too long. The
fact is when I get on this strain I never

.know when to stop. But I think it must

be plain to you that when the principles of
the Grange obtain and correctly understood,
thelpecuniary benefits will be apparent and
rea .’

“I believe so. We cannot ‘do it all in a
minute. Revolutions sometimes go slow
but they never go backward. The spirit of
independent thought and action is abroad.
Certain reforms are being agitated and de-
manded and public men see the hand writ-
ing upon the wall and dare not disregard it.
Legislators will understand that they must
act for the interest of the wealth producers,
or the halls of le islation will be filled with
farmers and mec anics._ Then we have the
spirit of emulation that prompts the larger
part of our active membership to strive to do
as well as others. And thus we have neater
kept horses, cleaner kept fields, tidier door
yards, better oxen and horses, more profit-
able cows, higher priced butter, better crops
and in short better farms and better farmers.
More manly boys and ladylike girls, better
contented and more cheerful wives and more
reliant husbands and fathers.

“The work and influence of the Grange is
for the good of those who legitimately come
under its influence.”

“If the Grange and its influences are so
desirable, why do not all farmers become
interested in it ?”

“I cannot answer that question, I have
asked it a thousand times myself. Perhaps
it is because they have allowed others to do
their thinking for them so long that they
have come to accept the situation. and, as
Artimus Ward would say, have come to
think it their ‘normal speer.’ We want
every farmer and his wife andall their chil-
dren of suitable age to come in with us, and
we will promise to do them good.”

“VVell, I don’t see why you should not
have them. I think if you act consistently
with your principles that in good time you
will have the most of them.” -Diriyo
Rural.

A THlEF’S REMORSE.

How It Led Him to confess Himself to a Legal
Friend. ‘

In the village of Petersburg resides a
young man who, for several years past, has
been regarded by his neighbors as a hard
case. He has been mixed up in not a few
scrapes of a very disreputable nature and a
few months ago he was given up as one pre-
destined to go to the dogs, and no one pre-
tended to believe that there was the least
chance of his reformation. The young man
in early youth enjoying the blessings of -a
comfortable home and a tender and loving
mother’s pious care, but of late ears his
wrong doings have been such that hose not
conversant with his boyhood days would be
be willing to certify that he was born in the
gutter and educated by gutter snipes. Bad
as the young man had been, he recently
evinced a disposition to reform. He kept
out of the bar-room, which had been his fa-
vorite resort; ke t remarkably sober for a
time, and actual y attended Divine worship
a few Sundays since. The sermon must
have touched him in a tender spot, for on
Monday he visited the office of a so-called
lawyer in the village. ‘

“In trouble again ?” exclaimed the petti-
fogger, as the intending-to-reform young
man entered.

“Yes, trouble deep and dire.”

“Well. out with it.” . -

“The fact is I’m a thief.”

“I know that already.”

“But I want to reform.”

“Glad of it.”

“And return the money.”

“You don’t _mean to say that you have
the money you stole with you at this mo-
ment ?”

“I have.”

“How much ?”

“Seventy-five dollars.”

“Oh!” said the man of law. “That makes
the case more interesting. Sit down and tell
me about it.”

The youn man then informed the indi-
gent discip e of Blackstone that several
years ago while living in the family of a
man, who had since died, he stole $75, but
so carefully did he do the job that he was
never suspected of being the thief. The
family of the deceased were in straitened
circumstances and he felt that it was his du-
ty tomake such restoration as lay in his
power. Accordingly he had saved up his
earnings fora number of months and was
now prepared to repay the principal.

“Let me see the money,” said the lawyer
when the young man had finished his
sto .

The $75 was‘ counted out and laid on the
table. Said the legal counselor:

“You will leave this matter to me if I tell
you 'ust what to do ?”

“ will.”

"And be guided entirely by my advice ‘.”’

“Exactly so.”

“You have confessed to no one else ?”

“Not a word.”

The lawyer divided
piles, and continued :

“Halfof 75 is 37%, but we won’t quibble
over the fractions. This ile contains $38-
my share. The other §7 you can keep.
Say nothing about the matter to any one un-
til on strike up with as big a fool as your-
self. Then divide up your $37 dollars with
him. and so continue until you have noth-
ing left. At that time your conscience will
be clear, and you will be a wiser man. Good

the money in two

da .77

'I:he young man left the lawyer’s office
with a lighter pocket book, but with a
heavier heart, moralizing as follows:

“I must be a fool. Here I have been
laying awake nights worr ing over the theft
committed so long ago. thought I ought
to do the square thing by the old man’s
children, but it seems I’m wrong. The
lawyer must be right, but it seems to me he
charged too much for his advice.”

The above statement is literally true.-
Troy (N. Y.) Telegraph.

__________________
Nine Great Corporations.

I have positive means of ascertaining the
exact combination by which railroad power
is managed, but a careful examination of
statistics has resulted in showing that of $5.-
000,000,000 aggergate capital invested in rail-
roads in the United States, S3,319,000,000 is
controlled by Jay Gould, Vanderbilt, the
Pennsylvania management, Garrett, of the
Baltimore and Ohio, Huntington, J ewett,
Garrison, Field, Sanford, and a few men who
make up the combination. The capital is
divided as follows:

The Pennsylvania Central . . . . . . . . . . . . . $629,000,000
Jay Gould and associates. . . . . . . . . . . . . 565,000,000
Vanderbilt combination . . . . .. 564,000,000
Huntington combination . . . . . . . 321,000,000
J ewett and Erie combination . . . . . 347,000,000
Garrett (B. it 0. combination) . . . . 194,000,000
Pennsylvania coal roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508,000,000
Michel management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,000,000
Garrison management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,000,000

In looking over the list of the various lines
which run into St. Louis, Chicago, Milwau-
kee and all the central and radiating foci of
the West, forming the complete net-work of
all the important lines from the shore of the
Pacificto Omaha, the valley of the Missis-
sippi and the West, it will be found that
while the trunk lines are owned by separate
com anies and corporations, the names of
the eading men who form these companies
will be recognized in the management and
direction of nearly every tributary line of
railroad upon which the trunk lines depend
for their trade. It may, therefore, be assum-
ed without contradiction that all the great
transporting lines are worked under the
same management. There is a semblance
of competition, but it is but a semblance.
Combination has killed competition. They
skirmish and have their periodical battles
to deceive and cheat the people, but they are
but battles for show——sham fights—for noth-
ing is more certain than the fact that all con-
trolling roads are worked substantially in
the same interest, and on a basis of mutually
agreed prices, fixed and established in unit-
ed council.

The capital, influence and power of each
combination is pled ed to support the unit-
ed interest against 1 competition ; against
all State and local interferences, and against
any and every attempt to subordinate their
power, their exactions and tyrann to Con-
ggessional control.”—-Speech by on. T. 1!.

me.

A Leading Lawyer on Corporations.

Hon. Thomas J. C. Fagg, of Louisiana,
Mo., in replying to an invitation sent him
to be present at the Grange Picnic of August
4th, at Stuck’s grove near that city, says :
“In these days of corruption and general de-
cay of public morals I now of no organiza-
tion better calculated to hold in check the
damage which is threatening the whole
country, than the Patrons of Husbandry.
Representing an interest that is the founda-
tion upon which all other interests rest and
is the basis of all material as well as State
and individual prosperity, we must regard it
as the chief bulwark a ainst encroach ments
of mononolies. The ay is not far distant
when the issue will be presented to the peo-
ple of this country whether they shall be

rmitted to rule the persons who manipu-

ate the bonds and ‘stocks or be ruled by
them. The agricultural interest prop-
erly organized and diciplined is the only one
that can be relied upon in suchacontest

Success attend it.”

Railroad Commissioners.

The Public, a journal devoted to finances
and published in New York, thinks Gran-
gerism has reached the extreme of absurdity
in Illinois, because they have a board of rail-
road commissioners, whose business it is to
announce a schedule of rates which shall
govern both parties, the shippers and the
railroad, in case of civil action. The Public
thinks the persons now in office represent
nothing except the anti athy of certain dem-
ago nes, to pander to e Granger vote, re-
gar less of public welfare, or cor orate
rights.‘ Further it calls this act on a
“legalized robbery,”a "tender to commun-
ism.”

We have a very great respect for the Pub-
lic, and some of its opinions on financial sub-
jects and railroad interests, but we are of the
opinion that the commissioners, who come
from the people, know as much about the
public welfare, as a few men who are run-
ning their railroad for the purpose of getting
as large proceeds from them, as for the
welfare of the people.— Wool Growers Bulle-
tin. .

ANOTHER instance of the application of
the principle of “what the article will bear”
comes to us from Texas. It is said that up-
ongthe road between Galveston and Austin,
that Jay Gould and his party while on their
late visit to that State stopped at a farm
house along the line to get some fresh eggs
and milk. The party furnishing the re-
freshments wanted S-50 a dozen for the eggs.
Jay Gould remaked that eggs must be scarce
to ask that much for them. “There are

lenty of eggs here,” replied the genial
host, “but fellows like you are scarce, and
can stand it, that's why eggs are $50 a dozen
on this joyous occasio .”

PRICE LIST 0? SUPPLIIS

Kept in the omce of the Secretary of the

MICHIGAN STATE GRANGE,

And rent out Pact Paid. on Receipt of Cash Order.
over the seal of a Subordinate Grange, and the
signature of its Master 07 Secretary.

Porcelain Ballot Marbles, r hundred, ...... . .

Blank Book, ledger ruled, or Secretary to keep
accounts with members, .................. .. 1

Blank Record Books, (Ex ress paid), . . . . . . . . ..

Order Book, containing 108 Orders on the Treas-
urer, with stub, well bound, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Receipt Book, containing 100 Receipts from
Treasurer to Secretary, with stub, well bound,

Blank Receipts for dues, per 100, bound, ..... . .

A plications for Membership, per l00, ........ . .
embershi Cards, per 100, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Withdraws. Cards, per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Diinits, in envelopes, per doz.,

By-Lays of the State Grange, single copies 10c,
per oz., . . . . . . . . . . .

By-Laws, bound, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- . . . . . . . ..

“ Glad Echoes," with music, Single copy 15 cts.
per doz.,

Rituals, single copy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

“ er doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
" or Fifth Degree, for Pomona Granges,
per copy,

Blank “Articles of Association" for the Incorpo-
ration of Subordinate Granges, with Copy of
Charter, all complete,

Notice to Delinquent

Declaration of Purposes, per doz., 5c.; per
hundred, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

American Manual of Parliamentary Law. .. . .

u u u it ii (Mm
rocco Tucl:,) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Address of J . J. Woodman before the Nation-
Grange-—per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Address of Thos. K. Beecher——per dozen . . . .
Digest of Laws and Rulings, . . . . _ , _ , . _ . . , , _ , _
Address, J. T. COBB,
Szc’7 Mica. Sui-x Guitar,

SCHOOLCRAFT, MICE

76

LACIGIEIIC3-ILIW CENTRAL R- R.
DEPARTURE or TR.-;—I.‘:;FRoM KALAMAZOO.
rinnr.iB1.E—:i—uv 15, I882.

WESTWARD.

Accommodation leaves, ______________________ __‘ 4

“ arrives, __-_ _-

Evening Express, _________________ __
Pacific Express,“---—--_
Mail

Day Ex press
Local Passenger

EASTWARD.

Night Express,..
Accommodation
..

Mail
Day Express, ........................... __
New York Express,-

Atlantic Express, ___________________ .._

leaves ___________________ ___
arrives, _________________ __ ‘

New York, Atlantic and Pacific Expresses daily. Evening
Express west and Night Express east daily except Saturdays.
All other trains daily except Sundays. Freight trains carrying
passengers out from Kalamazoo as follows : No ‘.20 (east) at 5:30
P. 11., and No. 20 (west) at 7:37.

H. B. Ltnnan, Gen. Manager, Detroit.
J. A. Gama, Generxil Frciglit Agent, Chicago.

0 W. RUGv.il.ns,G. P. & T. A., Chicago,

S. B. R.

KALAMAZ00 Di’vis1o:~z TIME TABLE.

L. S. & 1\dZ-

(Time 15 minutes faster than Kalamazoo.)
GOING SOUTH.
,N Y & N Y & B
,ExprassqvEx A Mgw" "'
...-.__-, BOOAM 4 25 rm’ 5 06;;
_,1 917 “ 1 . “ 1'
I015 “ =
- 10 50 " 7 22
7 52
-1145 “ ; 820
‘ 5 35 nr. 2 45 AH
1010 “ 705 " =
._ 3 55 AI 1 10 Mr

GOING NORTH.

NY .2 B N a“
SE: & M Expreegfw" Pr‘

Le. Buiralo'____.:. ........ -_
Ar. Cleveland _ _

Ar. White Pigeo
Ar. Three Rivers

Le. Grand Rapids
Ar. Allegan ----
Ar. Kalamazoo -
Ar. Schoolcraft _-_
Ar. Three Bivers-__.-__....-_-...- ,ll 18 “
Ar. White Pigeon-
Ar. Toledo---

Ar. Cleveland

Ar. Buffalo __

All trains connect at White Pigeon with trains on’ main line.
A. G. Airsmx,
Supt. Kalamazoo Division, Kalamazoo.

CHICAGO & GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY.
Corrected Time-'l‘able—May 14, 1882.
TRAINS WEST.
Mailand Day ‘fPacific ]
I

Expreu. Expreee.iExpress.
N o. 2. No. 4.

Way
Freight.
No. 6. ; No. 32..

STATIOIII.

anr-ec--o—:’3=5can~lac>o-
.°;'.!S.‘$&‘S“S$€-'§%’8S8
: g:

-I

8

E

Mail and Atlantic
 Express.
o. 1. No. 3.

lwoo-to-cuescnouer-5
I 3g':3g38538""°

Semmaounuwnuusm
8&3‘-'€a"£'!cS88E‘38l9-3
.

E

8

2

4

All trains run by Chicago time. All trains daily except
Sunday.
6:0. 3. Runs,

Tr-afllc Manager.

For information as to rates, apply to 1!.
Agent, Bchoolcraft, Mich.

3. ll. Ouuwu.
General Superintendent,

P. Keery, Lou]


fer;-tr: :_‘:'r*

--A-.-.- - —
7- ,. ...

4

EEE GRANGE 'VZSE'.!.'OB.

JULY 15, 1882.

@112 Grange gltititm.

SCHOOLCRAFT, — — — — JULY 1.

Single copy, six months, ............ -- 25
Single copy, one year, ............. -- 50
Eleven copies, one year ............ -- 5 00
To ten trial subscribers for three months we

will send the VISITOR for------------$1 00

Address, J. T. COBB, Schoolcraft, Mich.
Sample copies free to any address.

Sei~uIirt’$ fiiiiilmiil.

J.T.CoBB, - - - -

SCHOOLCRAFT.

THE STATE CAPITOL ENGRAVING.

We have sent several dozen lithographs
of the State Capitol to those entitled to
them by virtue of having sent us five or
more names of subscribers and $2.50, since
our offer in the VISITOR of March 15th.
If we have neglected to send to any person
entitled to this fine engraving we shall
promptly forward it on receipt of notice.

UNTIL VVITHDRAWN THIS Is MADE A
STANDING OFFER--FIVE NEW SUBSCRIBERS
FOR ONE YEAR WILL ENTITLE THE PER-
sox SENDING US THE NAMES AND $2.50
To A SPLENDID LITHOGRAPH or THE
STATE CAPITOL or MICHIGAN, SIZE or
SHEET 22x28 INCHES.

THE AMENDMENT TO THE PATENT LAWS.

At a meeting of the Franklin Institute
of Pennsylvania, for the promotion of the
Mechanic Arts, held on the 24th of May, a
series of resolutions was adopted relative to
the Burrow’s amendment of the patent
laws. It is asserted in the recitals that the
amendment takes away almost the entire
protection granted by letters patent to
property acquired by invention and in effect
legalizes theft. It is asserted further that
“all legislation that in any degree detracts
from the protection now afforded to invent-
ors would paralyze all the industries which
by protected ingenuity have become monu-
ments of American progress, and sources of
incalculable wealth to the nation.” Then
follow the usual assertions about violations
of vested rights and the break of the con-
tract which is involved in the patent laws.

It is curious how self interest will blind
the eyes to all considers tions of reason and
common sense. It seems to be a general
principle that when any industrial interest
receives protection from the law, all self-re-
liance is immediately lost. No matter how
powerful such interest may become, its pro-
moters are filled with genuine fear at any
suggestion of change unless it is to increase
their special privileges. In order to encour-
age invention our patent laws gave to the
inventor a monopoly of three things, name-
ly: the manufacture, use and sale of his
improvement. The important part of this
monopoly consisted in the manufacture and
sale. An article must be manufactured or
sold before it can be used. The main part
of the damage sustained by the patentee in
cases of infringement always arises from the
manufacture or the sale. It is notoriously
difficult to prove anything more than nom-
inal damages for mere use. The Burrows
amendment simply takes away the remedy
for damages arising from mere use, and only
in those cases where the article was pur-
chased in good faith. If the user makes the
article for himself or hires any person to
make it, the entire question of damages for
use, as well as for manufacture and sale. is
as much open as ever. Thus the change to
be made by the amendment in the protec-
tion afforded by the laws to the inventor
is insignificant. Yet the cry is raised by
the patent lawyers and dealers, that the
passage of the amendment will render use-
less all patents, discourage invention, and
paralyze all mechanical industries. It is
fortunate that the people are fully aroused
in this matter and will hold to the strictest
responsibility those senators who shall die-
regard this most important interest of the
public- by attempting to defeat this meas-

' ure of relief.

With the unfinished business Congress
has on hand and the desire to close out the
session as soon as possible, there is danger
that the Burrows bill will not be reached
in the Senate. If it is, the fight against it
will be resolute and determined. But
whether defeated at this session by delay or
management, of one thing we may be quite
sure, the amendment demanded must be
made, and all the sophistry of argument
and ingenuity of management will not suf-
fice to perpetuate a law that in its operation
can, and is continually used to harrass and
plunder innocent citizens. If the number
of victims liable to be robbed under cover
of law were but few in number, we should
have little hope of relief. But when a ma-
jority of the people of the country are in-
volved .and aroused, the legislative relief
demanded must and will be had some time.

 

PREPARE to attend the State picnic at
Lansing, August 16th. Excursion rates

will be secured.

THE ASSESSMENT CIRCULAR AND CIVIL SER-
VICE REFORM.

One of the political abuses complained of
by the reformers of the civil service is the
practice by any party in power of request-
ing government employes to contribute a
certain percentage of their salaries, to be
used for campaign purposes. The assess-
ment is always made in the form of a mild
request, but as the continuance of each
man’s term of office is directly or indirectly
at the will of the persons who make the re-
quest, it has all the authority and force of a
command. For many reasons, this has
been one of the most odious features of ma-
chine politics. It is subversive of every
principle of good government, and makes
apure and economical administration an
impossibility.

All the political parties have maintained
about the same attitude regarding this infa-
mous device of partisan politicians. The
system receives no endorsement in the plat-
form of any party, butall make promises of
reform. »

A law of Congress has been enacted, mak
ing ita penal offense for an officer or em-
ploye of the government, not confirmed by
the Senate, to ask for or to give to or to re-
ceive from any other ofilcer or employe
money or any valuable thing for political
purposes. We are very sorry to see a delib-
erate purpose on the part of any political
party to continue in the face of an act of
Congress this vicious system. Yet certain
members of the Republican Congressional
committee have lately issued a circular to
all of the government employes, including
the laborers in the navy yards, levying an
assessment of two per cent on each salary
tobe used in the coming campaign. The
circular states that such a contribution will
not be objected to in any official quarter.
Thereupon the Civil Service Reform Asso-
ciation issued circulars advising employes
not to contribute to campaign funds as-
sessed upon their salaries, and warning
them that such contributions are in viola-
tion of an act of Congress. This associa-
tion is made up from both parties and in-
cludes many very prominent Republicans.
Representative Hubbell, of Michigan, re-
plied to this circular, basing his defense
mainly on the ground that congressmen are
not officers of the government, within the
meaning of the law. This technical point
was decided by the Senate sitting as a court
of impeachment in 1798. Senator Blount,
of Tennessee, was arraigned at the bar of
the Senate, and it was held that a senator
was not a civil officer of the United States.
This has since then been regarded as a con-
clusive settlement of the question as to rep-
resentatives as well as senators.

It is probable that Representative Hub-
bell is legally correct and that punishment
cannot be inflicted under the statute. Yet
the intent of the law is so evident that it
cannot be mistaken. It was passed to sat-
isfy a growing demand on the part of the
people that this practice of levying assess-
ments under the guise of requests should
be suppressed. But the intent is disregarded
by the very men who helped to pass the
law and who have all the time claimed great
credit for so doing. The people and the
Civil Service Reform Association are baf-
fled for the present.

The members of the opposition in Con-
gress are making a few blustering attacks
upon the action of the Republican Congres-
sional Committee, but no one has any con-
fidence that they are in earnest. Indeed it
is not safe for these excellent actors to be too
realistic in playing their parts.

The beautiful fiction of civil service re-
form has been woven into the stale comedy
of party platforms, and all must be re-
hearsed in some manner before the public.
But if the “workers” in either party should
mistake the stage spectacle for reality, they
would lose their interest in their employ-
ment at once, and the party machinery
would come to an abrupt stand-still.

Civil service reform has not yet made
such progress as to clearly present any
scheme for filling the thousands of govern-
ment oflices with efficient ofilcers, and in
disregard of the vicissitudes of party su-
premacy or defeat, keeping them there
while they remained honest and capable.
But an evil so generally denounced should
be overcome. Continued agitation of the
subject is the only hope for the development
of some better plan than the one now in
vogue which practically draws upon the
public treasury for funds to maintain the
supremacy of the party in power.

MR. EMMONS BUELL of Kalamazoo has
just placed on our table the report of the
State Horticultural Society of Michigan for
1881. From a casual examination of the
book we are satisfied it is full of good things
for all interested in fruit culture-—and that
includes very many of our people, as Mich-
igan has become somewhat famous as a
fruit-producing State. The fruit interests of
Michigan we believe are as well systemat-
ized perhaps as any other State, and it is
claimed by those who ought to know, that no
State issues annually so complete and valu-
able a report as does this enterprising society
of fruit growers. We mean to look up, as
we have time, and skim off for the benefit
of our readers some valuable facts to be
found in this volume.

FREE PASSES TO JUDGES AND MEMBERS OF
LEGISLATIVE BODIES.

The corrupting influence of powerful cor-
porations upon the legislative and judicial
branches of our government is a danger that
is feared and dreaded by every thoughtful
citizen. The State of New Jersey, for in-
stance, has for a long time been practically
owned by a railway C0lllpdl1_\', and is t'-.1miliar-
ly known as the State of (‘znnden S: Amboy.
By this we do not mean the stockholders of
the company own the State. only the few
managers, and they are really under the con-
trol of one man. This ownership consists in
the power to control the different branclies
of the State government. To the possessor of
this power the State is a conquered province
and he is an absolute monarch, limited and
controlled only by the danger of troublesome
revolt among his subjects. A \'ice-President
of the Manhattan Elevated liuilwziy Coin-
pany said in response to the reinonstrzuice
of a citizen: “\\'elmve the legisl21t1ii'e on our
side, the courts on our side. and we hire our
lawyers by the year."

The legislature and the courts should be in-
fluenced in their actions only by the highest
and purest motives——b_v considerations of
right and justice and the public good. Even
then we should have a plentiful crop of
errors arising from ignorance and :1 lack of
true statesmamship. The people generally
are coming to appreciate the dangers of
placing the central forces of government in
the power of a few 1'uilw:1y kings, and they
are extremely suspicious of the influences
that are brought to bear upon our legislators
and our judges. A few years ago a blast of
popular indignation swept the whole coun-
try, because certain congressmen had accept-
ed as 2:. gift a few insigniticuiit shares of
stock in a corporation created by act of con-
gress. It was not pretended that the gifts
were of great value, or that legislutionhad
ever actually been inliuenced by them. But
the principle of bribery was detected by an
indignant people, and some of our greatest
statesmen were polit_icz1ll_v ruined. Yet from
that time to this our representatives have
been beset on all sides by lobbies represent-
ing every great monopoly in the country.
The lcgislxition sought by the lobby is almost
invziriably opposed to the rights and inter-
ests of the people. and the influences em-
ployed assume some of the numerous forms
of bribery and corruption. Yet the fury of
the people is never aroused by it. There is :1
curious inconsistency in the popular feeling
upon such subjects. This is illustrated by
the gifts conferred by the rziilxvuy companies
upon the members of the State legislature
and the oilicers of our courts. It is well
known that the railway corporations are al-
ways seeking to secure special legislation in
their own interest_s, and they are constantly
before the courts as litigants, with vast in-
terests at stake. Yet the judges and mem-
bers of the legislature are regularly supplied
with free passes by all the various railways
in the country. These passes have :t money
value. They are not merely for pleasure ex-
cursions, or to furnish recreation and rest,
but they are to be used in a business way, in
the place of money, to pay for transportation.
Much of the traveling in which they are
used is necessary, and the journeys would
have to be made and paid for if the passes
were not given. How would it appear if the
companies should collect full fare from these
men, and then, without excuse or explanation,
should offer er sum of money as at present, or
an equivalent amount in certificates of stock.
An amount equivalent to the money value of
the pass usually given, would be greater per-
haps, than any of the gifts of stock in the
Credit Mobiher made by Mr. Ames to a few
congressmen.

Now what can be the consideration of these
so-called courtesies and gifts? The railway
corporations do not give away valuable prop-
erty to encourage struggling genius, or to
show their admiration of the collossal intel-
lect of our legislators. They givethesepasses
as a paying investment, for which they ex-
pect certain advantages in.return. which
without such investment they would not be
as likely to secure. In plain language, they
are bribes, given with continued regularity
and certainty to these two classes of citizens,
and given with the expectation that an equiva-
lent consideration will be had by the railway.
interest. The fact that these complimentary
advances have been continued for years is
conclusive evidence that the party of the sec-
ond part has not failed to fulfill—that the ex-
pectations of the corporations have been met
—that the systematic issue of free passes to
legislative and judicial otlicers of the State
and federal governments has been a paying
investment. While these two controlling de-
partments of the government are constantly
under this corrupting influence, given and
received in the most unblushing manner, is
it any'wonder that these railway kings aspire
to subjugate and control the States as if they
were conquered provinces ? The question for
the consideration of the people of the State
is this—Wil1 you be a. party to the continu-
ance of a usage that imposes an obligation
on the legislative and judicial departments
of the government to the great railway cor-
porations, when you know that they are fast

acquiring the power of determining and de-
ciding every important State and national
question that affects their interests?

 

FROM the few renewals of our three
months subscribers we suspect our friends
did not follow up their first good work-
how is it?

AGRICULTURAL CONVENTIONS.

We have received from the Hon. Edward
S. Lacey, of the Third District. an important
pamphlet containing the proceedings of a
convention of agricnlturists held ill the de-
partment of agriculture. Ja.ni1ar_v in to 18,
18x2. The convention was called by (Tommie-
sioner Loring, of the department of agricul-
ture. and consisted of four auxiliary conven-
tions, held in succession, each occupying two
days. The first was devoted to agricultural
colleges and associations. and the general
subject of agricultural education: the second
to the discussion of the animal industries of
the country, including the various modes of
breeding, feeding and dealing in liorses, cut-
tle, sheep and swine; the third to .1 discus-
sion of all matters relating to the cereal
crops; the fourth to the manzigeinent of vine-
yards and the mzinufacture of wines. The
delegates were from various colleges and ag-
ricultural societies, representing fully the
various interests nzuned in the call.

Com. Loring made a short introtluctory ad-
dress, in which he dwelt upon the importance
in agricultural investigation of proper coni-
parison and careful conference with reg'.u'd
to questions before the fanning community.
He spoke of the great value of practical in-
formation, and insisted that the practical
men have been the pioneers in all agricul-
tural progress, and that the work of the sci-
entists and that of the practical men should
go hand in hand.

We repeat some of his statements.

It is ten years since a similar convention
was called in the department, and in that
time the growth of agriculture has been be-
yond all precedent. Then our crop of wheat
was 2.3o,ooo,ooo bushels; now it.is more than
4r.0,ooo,ooo bushels. The crop of corn was
then about 700,000,000 of bushels. In 18.50 it
was 1,T.3o,oo0,00o of bushels. The crop of
oats was about 230,000,000 in 1870. Year be-
fore lust it was more than 4.30,o0o,0oo of
bushels. Barley has doubled; rye has
doubled; the whole grass crop has doubled.
The great dairy interest of the northwest has
developed in this decade to an unparalleled
extent. Much of this advance is to be at-
tributed to the organi7.ed and systematic
work done in the line of agricultural im-
provement. The agriculturist must not be
behind the representatives of other great in-
dustriul interests in the work of investigation
and discovery.

Tliere are so many good things in this re-
port, that we would like to know that all our
thinking farmers had given it a careful pe-
rusal. It is printed by the Department of Ag-
riculture, und it can probably be obtained by
sending it request to your represent;1tive in
congress, or directly to Connnissioner Geo. B.
Loring at lVashington.

We may liereafter take occasion to review
more at length some of the papers read at the
convention. The topics discussed are of vital
interest to every intelligent farmer.

 

AN IMPORTANT DECISION.

The public has long been aware that exten-
sive litigatioii relating to cream raising up-
piiratus of the cold deep setting class, has
been pending between the Vermont Farm
l\I:ichine Company of Bellows Falls, Vt.,
lll:lllllf2lCtl.ll‘€‘l‘S of the Cooley Creamer, and the
Mosely dz Stoddard Manufacturing Company
of Poultney, Vt., ll1klllLlfzlCI1UI‘9l'S of Mosely’s
Cabinet Cre:1mery, the former company
claiming the latter compan infringed in the
manufacture of l‘.Iosely’s Cabinet Creamery
acertainpatent owned by it (the Vt. F. M.
Co.), and known as the Butler patent, under
which it claimed protection in the manufac-
ture of the Cooley Creamer. A suit brought
by the Vermont Farm Machine Company in
the United States Circuit Court of the Dis-
trict of Connecticut, against John D. Con-
verse, of Thompson, this State, for an in-
fringement of the Butler patent by usin a
Mosely Cabinet Creamery, was iinally sett ed
on as the test suit. While John D. Converse
was the nominal and only defendant known
on the court record, the real defendant was
the Mosely 85 Stoddard Manufacturing Com-
pany, it relieving Mr. Converse of all re-
sponsibility by assuming all expense and
trouble connected with the defense of the
suit instituted against him. A decision in
this case was rendered in favor of the de-
fendant by J udge Shipman at H:irtfol'd,
which is a great victory for the Mosely «St
Stoddard Manufacturing Company.

We clip the above from an eastern paper.
This is another instance in which the courts
were called upon to determine whether the
user had purchased with the creamer the
right to use it. And in this case the court de-
cided that he had. And yet it is boldly assert-
ed bv paid attorneys, and some wise congress-
men, that the farmer or dairyman can safely
buy articles found in the market. This won’t
do. Under the present patent laws there is
little safety in buying anything before the
patent covering it has expired. This has been
so often proved, that the people of this coun-
try will not quietly submit to the abuses that
are practiced under cover of law. Members
of the House of Representatives have come
to understand this fact, and Senators will

sometime.

 

THE receipt of a circular from the Glen
House calls to mind that a year ago we were
on our excursion to the White Mountains.
We remember the trip with much satisfac-
tion, and can assure any one who can afford
a little time and money that W. H. Brearley,
the manager. can furnish the most excur-
sion, over a very desirable route, covering
more attractive sights, than any one else we
know of. Two other excursions leave De
trost the 20th and 27th of this month. For
information address W. H. Brearley, oflice
Detroit Evening News. '

STATE PICNIC OF P. OF H.

Those who read the proceedings of the
last session of the State Grange will remem-
ber that Ingham county Pomona Grange
extended an invitation to the Patrons of the
State to attend an annual picnic at Lan-
sing sometime during the summer of 1882.
The State Grange referred the matter to its
Executive committee. The committee in
due time through its chairman made a fa-
vorable report, which was adopted by the
State Grange. In pursuance of this action
the time has been determined on and Bro.
Brigham. the able Master of the Ohio State
Grange has been secured as one of the
speakers. August 16 is the day fixed upon,
and we suppose the county fair grounds
where we had such a splendid meeting two
years ago, is the place. Arrangements
are being made for excursion rates
and we think with favorable weather
there will be a very large attendance. We
who have been to Lansing know that it is
a good place to go to.

A goodly 11 her of our people get to
Lansing at the annual meeting of the State
Grange, but very many of them have yet to
see for the first time the new Capitol, of
which the citizens of Michigan are justly
proud.

Michigan has a splendid wheat crop on
the ground at the date of this writing, much
of which will be in the shock before our
readers see this sheet. Last year the crop
was so poor that no effort was made to have
a state picnic, but this year you will need
recreation and can well afford a trip to the
Capital city of your State. -

Make your calculations to go to Lansing
on the 16th of August and see a host of the

Patrons of the State, it will do you good and
will do the Order good.

More definite particulars will be given in
our next issue.

 

POLITICS IN PENNSYLVANIA.

An item in a late number of the Hus-
bandman referring to the class of men that
the good people of Pennsylvania propose to
elect to oiflce this fall, attracted our atten-
tion, not because of any newness of manage-
ment developed by the politicians of that
great State, but rather for the want of .new-
ness. The Grange claims to have already
exerted an influence for good in many
places, but the evidence that its influence
has reached Pennsylvania politics does not
appear. Referring to the nominations for
fivennportant State ofllces that are to be
filled this fall, we are informed that three
full sets of candidates have been nominated.
The Cameron Republicans have nominated
five lawyers. The Independents have nom-
inated five lawyers. Four of the five
Democratic candidates chosen are lawyers.
Then the Nationals are yet to hear from,
There are probably enough lawyers left to
meet any demand this fourth party may
make on» the profession for candidates.
Lawyers, politics and ofIice—seekers seem to
harmonize remarkably well. And thjg state
of things is not confined to Pennsylvania.
From the verylarge proportion of lawyers
that find their way into Congress at each
succeeding election, the profession seems to
have a mortgage on the business of legisla-
tion. This is the off year in National poli-
tics, and this is, therefore, the election year
when the danger of the whole country going
irretrievably to the bad, if our party does not
succeed, is not so imminent as it is the year
of the presidential election.

Then of course, we all know, that if we
don't vote the regular ticket clear through,
we jeopardize the very existence of our Re.
publican form of government.

As this is the of year we might perhaps
venture to assert a little personal independ.
9309 and 935’ in good honest English that in
an agricultural State where the people have
really little use for lawyers, that we cannot
consent to turn over all official business to
the profession.

The farmers of Pennsylvania may be wen
enough suited with the way the politicians
are fixing things, but that won’t do for the
farmers of Michigan. We are aware that
farmers are not likely to work to the from
and either by management or by demanq>
secure a fair share of the positions that are;
the gift 01' the P00P16- But we are inclined
E0 think that if their rights are swept aside

th '
niira fa?sl(1ii(:>trl1‘.1 11123:: 1t)l:¢Ie'b;3)Yo’IifiEi3(:lal}Ii,ia§1ea.I1g‘:'a¥ lwriil-1

find that loyalty to party does not carry with

it any obli atio t b
for officialgpositriloii). e only loyal to lawyers

_A POSTAL card from Secretary can-011
SW88 general notice of a trial of self-bindin
harvesters: A grand field trial of self-binds
ing harv te , d ' - '
West Miami‘; i.‘~‘.‘.‘.n‘32.3‘<‘5i.?I.‘°‘3$'i’i‘i’b°‘h‘“°
on the farms of M. L. Sweet and echeld
grand Rapids. Michigan, 113,“. the i’) 81::
J. & M. R. R. Depot, beginning Monday,‘

‘"5’ 17v1§32- at 9 o clock A. M. The follo
ing machines are expected to enter the t .-
.M°C°rmick.0sborn.Wa1terA wood fix '
$3‘ Ch“.npi°nv B“°k°Y9. Minneapolis :1‘:-I
thg ‘“3:i‘§.§’3§§i 3?‘ ‘£1113’ (133 ' Dy’-‘°m“"
griand Medal to be awgilggtliltwe on Trial 8

0 ng the b t . .

Co. offer th§sci::(if1l;{o§1“§e]ff°§§3j[-.‘{1%“8n 3%
be awarded to the best wheatmsligcaigletro

Should th d - .
gin ‘on m: Dig: :eIt1aI;9vl‘::‘l;Il the trial will be-

 

a
i
!
E


 
 

 

1 JULY 15, 1882.

SPRING TOOTH NARROW PATENT.

Within afew weeks two decisions have
better: had in suits for infringement of pat.
9? sgmnted to one Garver for his invention
gedgging T0001 Harrows. The first case

1 was commenced over two years ago
am! came bef°1'9_ Jufjge Drummond, of the
United States Circuit Court in Chicago for
determination. It was brought by D, C, &
H. C. Reed & Co., of Kalamazoo, the defend-
§l1t8.Ketchi1m & Barton, of Indiana, be-
"13 dealers in agricultural implements.
The decree of the court sustained the claim
of the plaintiffs.

The second case had the same plaintiffs

and for defendants several manufacturing
fir-msof Kalamazoo. The usage which ob-
tains in the several Circuit courts of the
United States of following the precedent of
a previous decision made in a case covering
substantially the same facts, seems to have
made it necessary that the defense in the
second case should be defeated.
. We take it the action of courts of like
Jurisdiction, in deciding subseqent cases in
accordance with a first decision, is to main-
tain a consistency in appearance.

The interest of the parties to the suit must
not stand in the way of the consistency of
the courts, and the justification lies in the
fact that there is a court of last resort that
can correct any and all errors of the circuit
courts. This second case was heard in
Grand Rapids before the newly appointed
udge of the Supreme court, Stanley Mat-

hews, and the defendants in the case feel
confident that but for the previous decision
of Judge Drummond just rendered they
would have gained their case.

The decree in this case re-aflirms the own-
ership of the Garver patent as claimed by the
plaintiffs. The judge, however. said the
right of the defendants as manufacturers
should not be abridged provided they gave a
sufficient bond for the ultimate payment of
such royalty as the court of last resort might
award. ‘

Asit was proved on the trial that the
plaintiffs had sold the right to manufacture
for a royalty of one dollar on each harrow,
and the defendants are protected by their
bonds in the further manufacture of their
harrows, they are feeling quite jubilant over
their defeat.

As we understand the matter, the situation
is now about this: The plaintiffs having
elected to prosecute the manufacturers for
infringement, and the court on this trial
having required these manufacturing de-
fendants to give ample bonds to cover the
final decision of the Supreme Court of the
United States. to which the case has been
appealed—the business of manufacturing
and selling will go on as heretofore, under
the sanction and on terms fixed by a judge
of the United States Circuit Court. Pur-
chasers and users of these implements
would seem to be protected from liabilty to
payment of royalty, as, no matter what the
ultimate decision of the question of infringe-
ment may be, the manufacturers and their
bondsmen are the protection which the
court has interposed between the patentee
and his assigns, and the user of the barrows.

 

HOW TO BUILD A STRAW-STACK.

We were in a neighboring county the
other day looking” about the farm of a
brother Granger. When in the barnyard
he called our attention to a rude contrivance
and explained its use. Years ago when we
were putting in about sixteen hours every
day at this season of the year when the
thresher called the neighborhood together.
we were always assigned to the straw stack,
and the contrivance referred to interested
usas soon asits object was explained. To
stack straw so as to withstand the fall rains
and mostly remain dry and in good condi-
tion for winter use, is an important matter,
one that receives careful attention from the
large, successful farmer and usually very
little from the poor farmer who needs his
straw most. More men that are assigned to
the straw stack know how to pile it up, than
to stack it so as to save it in good condition.

From our experience we well remember
that it was essential to keep the middle full
all the time and well tramped down. Fall-
in this the stack was sure to SP0“-

This contrivance is calculated to very much
aid these men who pileup straw as well as
the good stacker. After determining where
you will have your straw piled or stacked,
set a row of good heavy posts not more than

' ht feet apart, where the center. of the
e11;Eck is to be. These posts should not be
lsess than eight feet long, set say three feet in
the ground, five feet above the surface,
with 8 good strong pole securely fastenedbn
top The amount of straw must determine
the. length of this supporting frame. which
should be in the center of the stack. Its ob-
.9“ will occur to every one who knows any-
) ' bout straw stacks. If the center of
Eflléllsgtaack where the greatest weight causes

traw to settle most is held up. the straw
the S ides of the stack will settle most
ondthlvse the desired pitch so that if not
an gskillfully built, the straw will keep
::1y°ome out in good order when wanted.
This isa cheap deVi6° 3"“ Wm 933'‘ F”?
grv it and be sure and get ready before
mere, -hi 0 oomeg_i{ you don't it won't be
the mach‘: ear for the steam thresher
$23, Jae foyr tn; farmer to set r°8dY- Wh“
it edmee. he must b? Md?‘

 

TEE

TRI-STATE PICNIC.

The enterprising secretary of the Pennsyl-
vaisia State Grange, R. H. Thomas, of Me-
chanicsburg, has issued notice that the
Ninth Annual Tri State Picnic of the P. of
H., of the States of Pennsylvania, Maryland
and West Virginia, will be held at Wil1iam’s
Grove, Cumberland county, Pennsylvania.
The meeting will continue the entire week,
commencing Aug. 21.‘ At these annual meet-
ings the attendance has gone up into the
thousands, and the display of farm and do-
mestic machinery and implements, and ag-
ricultural and horticultural products will no
doubt be very large. It will be as heretofore
a Grange affair in its management, and will
bring together prominent members of the
Order from those and neighboring States.
The railroad facilities are good, and the ad»
vantages of such a meeting of the Order are
important.

We have in former years wanted to attend
this meeting, and if possible mean to in-
dulge this year.

VISITOR RECEIPTS (CONTINUED).
JUNE.

l5——D Hawkins, 81.00; W H Bliss, 1.00; E

R Williams, 1.00.
19—E Him-ebaugh, 1,00.
20—B Helmick. 3 50; \V C Howell, 1.00; S.

L Little, 1.10.
22——W H Post, 1.00; Mrs C A C Travis, 1.00.
26—J E VVebb, 1.50; Mrs Edwin Lamb, 1.00.
29——John McDougal. 1.00; “Wm H Post, 1.00.

JULY.

3——G S Leal, 1.00; G A Commings, 1.00.
6-—CoraA Carleton, 1.00; C H James, 1.50;

Minnie Langdon, 1.00; John Preston, 1.00.
10-—\V J Best, 1.00; I E Phelps, 1.00.
12-Mrs E A VVestfall, 2.00.

BY an oversight the article from Brother
Shipman, on our first page in this number,
was left out July 1, when it should have ap-
peared. From what we hear we think more
wool has been shipped this year by farmers
than ever before. The wool circulars of
commission houses do not give promise of
much advance during the next few weeks,
but we think those who shipped their wool
will be likely to do better than those who
sold at home. In exceptional instances it
may prove the other way. In fact will be
likely to with those who shipped wool in
bad condition, as that can’t compete with a
buyer who gets a commission on every
pound he buys.

We have received from Kochendoerfer &.
Urie, publishers, the novel, “The Villa Bo-
hemia,” by Marie Le Baron. It is the story
of one summer in the life of four young girls
who had formed a union for the purpose of
living up to their aspirations. It makes a
very pleasant summer day’s reading.

Published by Kochendoerfer & Urie, New
York. Price 50 cents.

“Pot Bouille,” by Emile Zola. Philadel-
phia: T. B. Peterson & Bros. Price 75
cents.

Taxing Oleomargarine Butler.

The Pall Mall (London) Gazette, after
noting the fact that “ Dutch butterine” is
largely taking the place in English markets,
of “ secondary” butter, goes on to criticise
legislation, in this country, on oleomai'gar-
ine. It says :

“ The great oleoniargarine question is now
before the American Congress, and vigorous
attempts are being made by the representa-
tives of the dairy interests of the United
States to suppress the competition with
which.beef suet-butter, is threatening butter
made from cream. It is proposed to place a
tax of fivepence on every pound of oleomar-
garine, and also tax every manufacturer of
the spurious butter. Twenty million pounds
of oleomargarine are manufactured in New
York every year, and the business is develop-
ing at such a rate that it threatens in a few
years to equal the annual production of gen-
nine butter in the State, which in 1875 am-
ounted to 111,000,000 pounds. Surely this
is protection run mad. The State has an
undoubted rightto insist that every pound
of oleomargarine shall be sold as oleomar-
garine, and not as butter; but what right
has it artificially to enhance the price of a
commodity which is wholesome and nutri-
tive, merely because it be produced at hall
the price of genuine butter? The dairy pro-
ducts of the United States exceed in an
annual value the yield of either the wheat
or the cotton. crop; but a business in which
$130,000,000 in invested need not fear ex-
tinction merely because New York inventors
have discovered how to make a cheap and
popular substitute for butter out of beef
suet.”

The N. Y. Produce Exchange Bulletin,
commenting on the above subject, says
that— .

“ A law should be passed that would pre-
vent the sale of oleomargarine for butter;
beyond that point the law cannot go. The
theory that t e manufacture and sale of oleo
should be suppressed because it decreases
the sale of butter, is not based upon a proper
interpretation of the laws of commercial
economy. The bulk of the oleo is consumed
by the poorer classes, who cannot pay more
than 25 cents per pound for their butter.
Now put a tax of ten cents per pound on
the oleo, and the price would have to be ad-
vanced to 35 cents per pound at retail, and
this price poor people could not afford to pay.
Butter would also advance in price 5 or 10
cents per pound, and thus poor people would
have to put 5 or 10 cents into the pockets of
the dairymen and farmers for every pound
of butter or oleo purchased by the poor peo-
ple. Oleomargarine has been a blessing to
the ‘poor people of our country as the poor of
other countries, and it has also caused our
farmers and dairyment to greatly improve
the quality of their butter.”

 

GEANGEJ

The Crops.

CHICAGO, July 8.—-Seven columns of crop
reports in ihe Times this morning. are thus
summarized: Six weeks ago when the Times
published its last general crop reports, fair
weather was just beginning to set in after a
most discouragingly wet and cold spring. and
farmers were tempted to make the most of
their improved prospects. and it was estimat-
ed that the corn crop, if the weather changed
for the better and remained so, would be from
one-fifth to one-fourth better than it was last
year, when it was none too good, being only
four-fifths as large as it was in each of the two
preceding years. But the promises of fine
weather were not kept, and the dispatches
now presented snowthat corn will not be an
average crop anywhere, and in considerable dis-
tricts the farmers do not now expect to get
more than half an average crop, though warm
weather even at this late day would materially
reduce the loss. In the southern part of the corn
and wheat belt the loss is less severe than in
the northern part, and in the latter the corn
is doing tolerably well on uplands or where
the ground happens to be well drained. In a
few localities the reports are quite favorable,
but these are rare exceptions. The corn crop
of the United States in 1830 was 1,537,535,910
bushels, which was a slight reduction from the
crop of the previous year. In 1881 the crop
fell to 1,194,916,000 bushels. A reduction of
one-fourth——and the dispatches indicate that it
may be as serious as th21t—would cut it down
to about 900,000,000 bushels. But it may not
be so bad as that. In all localities the corn is
very backward, but in many of them it is
promising fairly after all, and with fine weath-
er will not show a great reduction from last
year. Still the fact remains that last year’s
crop was a large reduction from those of the
two previous years. and it is certain that
this year’s crop will not come up to that
of last year. The wheat prospects are much
more encouraging, although they are not all
that was hoped for early in the season. There
has been a considerable reduction in the acre-
age of wheat in Iow , Wisconsin, and in some
parts of Minnesota, but in other parts of the
last state and in Dakota and Nebraska there
have been large additions to the area, and the
same is true of some other localities. In Iowa
and Wisconsin what wheat there is is prom-
ising well. In Wisconsin the crop will be
larger than it was last year, but in Iowa the
crop will not be so large,—the gain in one
state being about an offset to the loss in the
other. Last year the wheat crop of Iowa was
over 18,000,000 bushels, or about half what it
was in 1880; this year it will be less than last
year. In Wisconsin the wheat crop was
nearly 18,000,000 last year, a small gain
over 1880, and this year it may _go
up above 20.000,000 bushels. In Illin-
ois the wheat crop last year was 26,822,000
bushels, or barely one-half what it was the year
before; this year the indications are that the
crop will exceed that of last year, and may
amount to 30,000,000, but a good deal depends
on the luck the farmers have in harvesting, for
the wetness of the ground delays the work
and compels the cradle to be used instead of
the machine in many cases. Nebraska last
year produced a little less than 14,000,000
bushels of wheat, and this year promises to
go two or three millions above that; the
acreage has increased, and the grain is look-
ing well. The finest reports of wheat come
from Michigan. The crop in that state two
years ago was over 30,000,000 bushels, and last
year it was only a little over 21,000,000 bushels;
this year the crop promises to be nearly or
quite equal to that of 1880. In Indiana
the crop two years ago was over 38,000,000
and last year about 31,500,000 bushels: this
year it will exceed the crop of last year, and
may reach nearly to the figures of two years
ago. In Missouri corn is in fair condition
and will probably yield about what it did
last year; it may yield more. The wheat is
very promising. The crop last year, 20.000,000
bushels, was about two-thirds of the crop of
two years ago, and the crop this year may at-
tain the dimensions of that of 1880. In Min-
nesota the crop last year was larger than that
of two years ago: this year the crop will pro-
bably not vary greatly from the 35,000,000
bushels produced in 1881. Corn in Illinois last
was not was not much more than half the crop
of 1879, and this year it is almost certain to be
much below what it was last year. The same
is true of corn in Iowa. Even in Indiana,
where the bad weather had had the least ef-
fect, the crop will be not be quite so large as it
was last year. In all these states the rye, oats,
potatoes and hay_a_re. with very rare exceptions
in various localities, uncommonly promising.
In most places these crops will be larger
than ever before. In Kansas the wheat harvest
is nearly over, and the crop is estimated at
30,000,000 bushels. or more than 50 per cent in
excess of the crops of the last two years.

Ensilage Success.‘

A. H. Thompson, VVoodville, Massachu
setts, endorsed by the New England Farm-
er as “one of the most cool-headed and
careful investigators of practical farm meth-
ods ofany man in the State,” says he “don’t
see how he could get along without ensi-
1age.” He fed about 50 pounds of it per day
during winter to each of his cattle, in con-
nection with four or five pounds of swale
hay, or dry corn stalks, and four quarts of
cotton seed meal, and they “never looked
better than they do this spring.” His good
hay is nearly all left yet in his barn ; he
fattened five steers and three cows, and is
feeding 15 cows now, which is noteworthy
in view of the fact that the whole extent of
the tillage land is less than twenty acres.

UTILIZING CABCASSES —A cheap lot of
manure may be made of an old carcass of a
horse or cow, etc., which is often drawn
away to the woods, to iollute the atmos-
phere. Do not do this, but put down four or
or five loads of muck or sod, roll the carcass
over it, and sprinkle over it nick-lime, cov-
ering over immediately wit sod or mold
sufficient to make, with that already be-
neath, 20 good sized wagon loads, and you
will have $25 worth of the best of fertilizers
in less than a year, and no fears need be felt
in applying to any crop. One beauty of
this plan is the animals need not be moved
far away, there being not the least stench.
All animals which you are unfortunate
enough to lose can be utilized in this way,
and be made to go a great way towards re-
placing them. Smaller animals, such as
sheep, dogs, cats, can be treated in the same
manner, with about the average amount of
sod or muck proportionate to their size.
When possible, place three or four in one
pile, as the labor of covering would be pro-
portionately less; but it is not much work
to make a heap of an animal, however small
or large.—Turf, Field and Farm.

71811039

The True Basis of Railroad Charges.

Whether the Goveroment has a right to su-
pervise the conduct of a railroad corporation
is a question of law; whethera necessity exists
for such supervision is a question of fact; the
scope of that supervision is a matter of legis-
lative discretion.

The company has exclusive Dossession of a
road which is owned by the public, and that
possession enables it to control the use of the
highway.

In all cases the land is taken by the Gov-
ernment, and this is so although sometimes the
power ofeminent domain is exercised by the
corporation—p ecisely as it is the State that ex-
ecutes the criminal and not the hangman.
When the land is taken by the Government
directly the money to pay for itis advanced by
the company and will be reckoned in estimat-
ing the cost of the improvement. In France
the State generally acquires the right of way
and then a permit is giving to the corporation
to improve it. (It will be shown presently that
the road belongs to the public although the
land was donated by an invividual.)

The charge which is collected by a railroad
corporation comprises a price demanded for the
use of public property and a price demanded
for the service rendered by a public carrier.
The charge for transportation is one thing, the
charge for the use of the highway is another
thing, and this latter is stricktly “a toll”—it is
a charge exacted for the use of property which
is owned by the public.

An illustration will facilitate the presenta-
tion of correct views. The river is public
property; the government says to an individ-
ual, “if you will deepen the channel you shall
be compensated. He Wlll be rewarded by a
sum paid in cash or by the grant of a perpet-
ual toll. In either case the cost of the im-
provement measures the amount of the com-
pensation. If he has expended a million and
is given a toll, his charge must be high enough
to yield the interest on tl-at sum. In the
early stages of trade he may demand one
dollar from each boat, when the trade doubles
only fifty cents; when travel is lightthe toll
may be heavy, when the travel is heavy the
toll must be light. The point is, this river re-
mains public property although an individual
is entitled to collect a toll from those who use
it, and that his possession of the river extends
only so far as is necessary to collect that tell.
The government did not say to this individual,
“If vou.will deepen the canuel you may own
this river as your private property.” If he had
done so, then he would be entitled to restrict
its use to a few chosen favorites; he would
have a right to discriminate between the gen-
eral public and his own personal friends.

Again: The compensation is measured by
the actual cost of the improvement, and not
by the amount which may have been squan-
dered. If one million was ample. for the
work, the toll must not be fixed an the basis
of an expenditure of two millions. The charge
should be reasonable, and it is unreasonable
unless in proportion to the amount legitimate-
ly expended.

It results, that it is the province of govern-
ment to inquire into the expenditures of this
individual and to supervise his control over
the river. Not only so, but to say that a for-
mer legislature has divested the government
of this power, is as preposterous as to say
that the government has been divested of
either of its other organic functions.

Separating them the toll from the charge of
a carrier there is, as to the present inquiry, no
distinction between the river and the public
road upon which the iron rails are placed. and
we come to consider the charge of the carrier.

A railroad corporation may be considered
from several different standpoints: hit, as an
association acting through a president and
board of directors; in theory the officers are
the servants of the stockholders, but in prac-
tices few shrewd men capture the manage-
ment and use their control to advance their
personal fortunes; 2d, as an association in-
vested with certain of the prerogatives of gov-
ernment; in theory these prerogatives are to
be exercised for the public benefit, but in prac-
tice they are exercised to enrich the corpora-
tion, or rather its chief oflicers; 3d, as an asso-
ciation which has expended money
to improve a road owned by the Government,
and to furnish the means of transportation
upon it; in theory the company is restricted
to these employments, but in practice its field
of operation has no organized boundry; 4th,
as an association prosecuting the business of a
public carrier upon a highway in its exclusive
possession; in the theory every one may use
this highway upon the same terms, but in
practice secret special rates and favoritism es-
tablished gross inequalities; 5th, as an associ-
ation in the actual, unrestrained control of the
entire internal commerce of this country.
In theory it transports what is offered, but in
practice it determines what shall be moved.

As regards the present inquiry the corpora-
tion must be viewed from this last standpoint.
and the question is whether the government
may supervise and regulate the business of a
single individual who has improved all of our
public roads, who is in possession of each and
every highway, and who has the exclusive
right to carry everything any citizen wishes to
move. This startling proposition cannot be
escaped, because. although ox carts are still
sometimes seen, yet in respect to using a rail-
road the citizen is as much under duress as if
tied hand and foot.

The discussion turns upon the question
whether it is the province of the Government
to control the conduct of an individual en-
trusted with possession of our highways and
to whom has been given a monopoly of the
transportation upon them. The inquiry is
not whether it is not expedient to interfere;
but has the Government a right to interfere?
The inquiry is not as to the manner of the in-
terference. but as to the legitimate scope of
governmental activity. On the one side we
have the principle that the sovereign must
not disturb private property, and on the
other side the principle that the Govern-
ment must control any employment which
places the public under duress. On one side
we have the facts that the roads (as distin-
guished from the cars and lo omotives) are
owned by the government an that the citi-
zens are under stringent duress, while on the
other side is the inexorable fact that private
capital is inextricably involved.

A distinction may be noted. No one denies
that the corporation owns. as its private prop-
erty, the right to demand toll; we deny its au-
thority to determine the amount of that toll;
no one deniesthe right of a corporationto de-
mand a price for its services as a carrier; we
deny its authority to decide whethera partic-
ular price is reasonable or not.

But it is objected that the people are not
under duress so long as they have the ox-cart.
This objection raises two different questions:
1. Is the citizen under such constraint as re-

gards his use of the railroad that it amounts to

5

a duress which warrants the intervention of the
sovereign ? and 2d. who is to determine whether
the constraint amounts to duress? Is this a
judicial or a legislative nestion?

The legislature shou d decide that the
duress does warrant the intervention of the
government. J. M. Mason.

The Governor and the Railroad Commission.

The signing of the railroad commission
by Governor Cornell is the first official
recognition of the existence of a third
party.

How soon that third party will become the
first part, is not for us, who have labored in
its interest so long, to predict. It may be
accepted as a foregone conclusion, however,
that once the Anti-Monopolists are iecog-
nized by the chief executive of the State of
.\ew York as a factor in our political ma-
chinery, _no power can ever relegate them
to a position of non-influence or political ob-
scurity.

In aflixing his signature to the bill which
gives the next Governor of this State the
power to appoint a railroad COIDIIIISSILD
composed of one Republican, one Democrat
and one representative of the Anti-.\Ionop0-
ly interests, Governor Cornell has yielded
to a public necessity. He has been obliged
to recognize the power and value of what in
England is termed a “constitutional opposi-
tion.” From that position he, and every
other Governor who comes after him, cannot
recede.

But a few months ago it seemed idle to ex-
pect that in the p1‘(‘.‘I‘I;i. y’.‘2-AI‘ the Anti-Mo-
nopoliszs would ll.l’.Ili.' sucli strialus as to
compel their recognition from the Governor
and Legislature of this State. But this rec-
ognition has been accomplished. It now re-
mains for the men who have so far fought
nianfully the preten-ions of monopoly to re-
lax no effort, to see to it that on the railway
commission and in every other body where
they are, or are to be represented, only those
men who are tried and true shall be ap-
pointed.
cumulatively, and before another decade
has passed the Anti-Monopoly party will
be the dominant party in this State.—-N. Y.
Truth.

ORANGE raising in Florida will not
half so well as blackwalnut raising in
nois.

ay
Ili-

SEE our new advertisement of the Rix
Harrow on the eighth page. The manufac-
turers are reliable men of Kalamazoo and
enter the field confident of winning success
for their new machine.

THE following Granges are delinquent in
reports and payment of dues for the quarter
ending March 31, 1882 :-—

36,42, 83, 87, 89, 92, 113, 114, 115, 118,
163, 172, 182, 189, 194, 200, 2:28, 241, 262, 289,
293, 298, 320, 332, 339, 3-10, 376, 381, 390, 395,
396, -115, 417, 421, 430, -158, 461, 471, 492, 503,
514, 53-1, 556, 589, 603, 631, 635.

The following are delinquent for the quar-
ters ending Dec. 31, 1881, and March 31, 1882:

202, 203, 326, 343, 345, 385, 401, 62-1.

And these are delinquent ior the quarters
ending Sept. 30 and Dec. 31, 1881, and also
for the quarter ending March 31, 1882 :—

514, 574.

Eureka Grange, No. II, and Free Passes.

In compliance with the request made by
Kalamazoo County Pomona Grange at its
June meeting, that the Subordinate Granges
of the State take action upon the resolution
relating to free passes, adopted by it, to-wit:

WHEREAS, It is a patent and notorious
fact that all our judges and all our members
of legislative bodies travel for business or
pleasure under the influence and obligations
of a free railroad pass, and thus virtually
accept a bribe to influence official rulings
and actions in their ofiicial capacity ; there-
fore,

Resolved, That we, as members of Kala-
mazoo County Pomona Grauge, hereby
pledge ourselves, without regard I0 previous
party afliliations, that we will not, by our
vote or otherwise, aid in the election of any
man for a legislative or judicial office, who
does not give in advance a public pledge
that he will neither accept or use free rail-
road passes during his oflicial term of office.

Resolved further That we cordially invite
other Pomona and Subordinate Granges in
the State of Michigan to adopt the same or
a similar pledge, and have the same pub-
lished in the GRANGE VISITOR.

Eureka Grange adopted the resolutions
with but one dissenting vote.

We believe this action, if taken by the
Granges of Michigan generally, will_have a
good effect on the next legislature.

G. W. H.

NOTICES OF MEETINGS. ‘

The next meeting of" Hillsdale Pomona
Grange will be held at the hall of J onesville
Grange on the first Wednesday in August.
Prqgramme : Select reading by Sister Young
of oodbridge. A Dream, by George I
Waggoner of Jonesville. Question for dis-
cussion—Do the demands of fashion increase
our happiness? Discussion opened by May
Gardner of Litchtleld. Indirect‘ taxation;
is it based upon the principle of right; is it
necessary and does it work any wrong to
individuals or sections—F. M. Holloway of
Jonesville. Essay, by Worthy Master E.
Kelley. Is a protective tariff necessary for
the prosperity of our country—Opened by
George H. Griswold of Litchfield.

N. T. BROCKWAY Secy.

The regular meeting of the Livingston
County Council has been postponed until
Tuesday, Aug. 8. This meeting will be held
in Howell Grange hall. Program as follows:

Essay, The relative value of the different
breeds of cattle for general farming pur-
poses.—Bro. Charles Fishbeck, Brighton
Grange. '

Essay, Education.-—Sister Crout, Brighton
Grange.

Essay, .-— Bro, J. S. Briggs, West
Handy Grange.

Essay, Bread and butter.-Sister Sexton,
Howell Grange. -

Essay, Temperance and the Grange.—Sis-
ter Wells. Oak Grove Grange.

BY ORDER OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

Thus the movement will grow‘


«:5 vs,-on-s':l"‘
. ,- r _ ,. ..

._..

 

6

-'.E'EE GRANGE VISITOR.

JULY 15, 1882.

indies’ flgpaqtment.

POMONA’S CALL.
Give ear, Worthy Patrons, and hark to the call;
Pomona is coming to meet in our Hail;
Let all be prepared to help her along,
With a speech, or an essay, or readings and song.

The ninth day of June whether rainy or clear,
No matter what happens, she will surely be here;
And we know that Pomona and and her sisters and
brothers,
Of excellent victuals, are very great lovers.

Then come all my sisters, don’t make the excuse
That you can't read in public, for you see its no use;
For with baking, and boiling, and cooking to do,
There’s plenty of work for me and for you.

And besides we expect, if the weather is fine,

That some royal guests will be here to dine

For Dansville Grange, surely, will send us A. King
Good news and glad tidings we hope he will bring.

And our friends from Felts’ Grange we think will

be here
And an Angeli perhaps in their midst will appear.
And our Worthy Past Master we hope will arrange
To come with our Master, from Capitol Grange.

The Patrons of Husbandry claim for their cause,
The suppression of wrongs, and amendment of laws,
Which are often oppressive, unwise and unjust,
And to make in their place, laws of honor and trust-

Then all who are friends of justice and right;
Come join in our ranks, and aid in the fight;
That our dealings may give to our Order a fame,
Outrivaling even a Washington’s name.

Pomona’s appointment at last is here;
The day is fine, and the weather is clear;'
We will hasten away to Patron’s Hall,
There to await Pomona's call.

And when it it time the table to spread
We will bring up the sweetmeats the butter and
bread,
Now we’ll hurry my friends, or I fear we’llbe late,
For there comes Pomona, right here at the gate.

Health—How to Insure it.

Read before the Grange at Decatur by Mrs. H. L.
Northrup.

Worthy Master, Brothers and Sisters: -— I
have been solicited to write out a few
thoughts upon the subject of health and
how to insure it. It is a vast field; I will
present a few ideas for consideration.

These bodies God has given us are made
subservient to our needs. The 206 bones that
make up the frame; the numerous tissues,
nerves and fibres that constitute a very im-
portant part; the delicate lung structure; the
wonderful circulation of the blood; above all
the brain; the skin, covering the whole,with
its 7,000,000 pores acting as sewerage for the
system — these parts all work together
smoothly and in perfect harmony when in a

healthful condition. These bodies have their

. laws, upon which life and health depend.

When we violate and disregard these laws
we must suffer the penalty, which is sick-
ness. No one but the Great Designer could
have made this beautiful piece of mechan-
ism, and we have no right to mar or deface
it. It is the earthly home of the soul.

In order‘ that the intellectual and spirit-
ual faculties may attain their highest de-
velopment the body must be in a healthy
state. A sick man is neverat his best. “ The
gospel demands that human beings health-
fully as well as righteously” obey all the
physical laws of our being. In order to do
this we have but to look around us and see
what these bodies need to sustain and keep
them in health. It is sad to see the mat-
tlin g infant, the youth, the middle-aged, and
man in the grandeur of manhood, just where
his ripe experience is of untold value to the
world, stricken down by some untoward
breeze that blows too roughly upon those
who had vitality enough to have carried
them beyond the three score years and ten,
had they obeyed the laws of their being and
lived as the Creator designed they should.
What our bodies need is good, nutricious
food. We find in the whole wheat, ground
fine and simply cooked, all the constituent el-
ements necessary to carry on life’s operations
healthfully. It contains 80 per cent nutrition,
while flesh meats contain only 30 per cent
nutrition, but are largely stimulating. He
who saves only the pure white flour from
his wheat, lives upon husks as trulypas did
the “prodigal son.” Little, hatchet-faced,
spindle-shanked children, with a constant
frown upon their faces, and a little groan
under their breath, have been transformed
into plump. rosy, rolicking children, as full
of play as the lambs upon the hillsides, by
using no medicine, but eating food made of
whole wheat flour, cooked simply, with good
milk and plenty of ripe fruit. It takes some
time to bring it about, but it pays a large
interest.
’Tis Nature cures the sick;

Like God, she touches weakly things, and they

Revive, and put forth wondrous beauty. Bring

Your sick and suffering ones, where gentl she

Can handle and caress, and nurse them. hen

Their forms, though delicate and trail, shall grow

To strength and large endurance.

Of all meats eaten, it would seem that the
flesh of the hog was the most disease-pro-
ducing. One very eminent physician thinks
the measles were first introduced into the
human family by eating the flesh of the
hog—it being a disease of modern civiliza-
tion and unknown among the ancients. It
eon-esponds in the human subject to adisease
common to swine, the flesh of the animal

' snakes in their boots.

having the same appearance as the flesh of
the human subject. He thinks it is as easy
to transfer measles to the human system and
change it in some of its forms, as it is to take
the eruption from a cow’s bag and produce
kine-nox.

The hog is a scavenger at best. It seems,
as far as the eating of the hog is concerned,
that it would have been better if the same
spirit that drove some of them into the sea
had taken them all along. If we must eat
meat, why not eat the flesh of neat cattle or
sheep ? Sheep are very fastidious in their
tastes. Nothing unclean will do for them.
Their flesh contains more nutriment than
most meats.

The more closely one lives upon the flesh
of any animal, the more they become like
that animal. A farmer has killed no hog in
five years, nor. used anything that is made

from it in his family; they have grown better‘

and stronger in that time. There is the ven-
erable philosopher, poet and genial-hearted
man, A. Bronson Alcott, a resident of Mas-
sachusetts, father of Louisa M. Alcott.
In 50 years he has eaten no meat, but has
lived on fruits and grains, and has brought
up his family in the same way. He is a
grand representative of the value of simple
living. He is a tail, erect, hale old man, has
celebrated his 81st birthday, and has given
lectures through several States the past
winter.

Truth is best understood when We apply it
to ourselves. This good State of Michigan has
been found a great deal of fault with for giving
us the shakes. It would seem as if our bad
habits of living had a great deal to do with
it. Families that have had the ague and its
near kindred, intermittent fever, a good
portion of each year, sometimes not enough
well ones to care for the sick, by changing
their habits of living have lived in the same
locality for years afterward, doing more
work, both mentally and physically, than
before and have had no recurrence of the
disease.

There is the dreaded disease called con-
sumption, which the statistics show more
people to die of in this country than of any
other disease, which can be cheated of
its victims in a great measure by obeying
nature’s laws. A woman had a slight hem-
orrhage of the lungs. Her physician told
her she would probably die of consumption.
In a few years she was taken with severe
hemorrhage. Another physician said that
one lung was about gone, did not see much
chance for her, but that there was a man he
knew who was very much as she was and
cured himself by taking spiritous liquors.
This woman’s husband consulted with a
physician of Detroibwho made throat and
lung diseases aspecialty. He said her case
was confirmed consumption, and he did not
know whether he could help her or not.
She followed his treatment three months
and was worse than ever before; bled freely
from the lungs, had hectic fever, suffered
severely from a cold, clammy sweat, was so
thin as to hardly cast a shadow, had a se-
vere cough, and her nervous system was so
prostrated she thought she suffered as some
gentlemen do when they imagine they have
At this point she lost
all faith in medicine, had it all put away and
took her chance with nature; lived upon
whole wheat flour simply, with fruits as
nature gave them ; ate no food but twice in
twenty-four hours and in a cool state to
avoid the stimulating effect of heat. When
her limbs were so cold they could not be
warmed, had them washed with warm water
and rubbed with the bare hand of a vigor-
ous person. When she was unable to sit out
on the porch in her chair, she had a couch
there and spent whole days in the open air.
She did not have her bedroom window clos-
ed for months. She was told she ought not
to breath the night air, she enquired what
air she should breathe at night. When she
was able to take the reins of her own house-
hold and do most of the work for a family
of nine persons the man that cured himself
died. So much for nutrition against stimu-
lation. “ Nature is a mistress gentle and
holy; to obey her is to live.”

The stimulus of tea is doing untold mis-
chief in its quiet way. A preceptress in New
York some 30 years ago told her class in
Physiology the day would come when the
table would be set without tea. I have lived
to see at least the dawn of that day. There
are a great ‘many housewives who set the
teapot on the top shelf and bring it on only
for occasions. “A lady speaking of her
brother said he was in China employed as
a tea taster. Both English and Americans
employ tea tasters to whom they give large
salaries. They do not drink the tea but

simply take a leaf or two ftom each chest,

crush them, and lay them on the
tongue. Their taste becomes very acute,
and entirely to be depended upon, but in a
comparatively short time, generally from
three to five years, they became wrecks, per-
fectly unstrung—a bundle of nerves and
nothing more, losing appetite and ability to
sleep, and become so shattered that they are
entirely uniitted for business. What is
more deplorable in a family than a sick
wife, a husband discouraged, children un-
kept and uncared for, help disorderly and
wasteful, but what is more common than
sick women? In one neighborhood when
spring opened there’ were but three well
women, and they were very poo; speci-

mens of good health.

Now there must be something wrong. It
is not just or right to accuse the good
Father of creating women on purpose to be
sick. The everlasting bugbear of “catching
cold” that so many are afraid of is a nuisance.
Better catch a cold than never breathe the
pure air of heaven. Get out into the sun-
light, it is the best invigorator we can get.
No matter if it does brown the skin, it will
give a sparkle to the eye and a. tint to the
cheek that no cosmetic can ever do. We all
know how a potato vine looks that grows in
the cellar.

If we wish to advance as a nation, have
our march onward and upward in every-
thing great and good, we must arouse the
women of this country to a realizing sense
of this question of health to find out what
laws they have violated and find a remedy.
It is woman herself that must break this
slavery chain of sickness that is dwarfing
her body and crushing her soul. It is her
right to demand such conditions of life as
will give her better health. The time is
coming when woman’s health will not be so
great an obstacle to her usefulness. God
grant that women of the next generation
may be far in advance of the women of this,
health-ward.

-‘Oh, How Shiiiless!"

Read by Sister Freeman at the June Meeting of

Hillsdaie Pomona Grange.

Worthy Jllasler, Brother and Sister Pat-
rons.-—While in attendance at the May meet-
ing of Hilisdale Pomona Grange, I heard my
name called for an essay at this meeting,
without any subject being assigned me.
When I was in one of our enterprising towns
in the northern part of our State.I heard
those words at the head of this arti-
cle palmed off on the negro. They
have been ringing in my ear ever
since. I dislike them; they are very un-
pleasant and repulsive to me. and yet I have
chosen them for a topic to-day, not because
of any needed present application, but per-
haps for no other reason than that I have
been too shiftless to select any other.

While riding over this beautiful country
of ours, and seeing so many of our farmers’
homes looking so shiftless, I thought to my-
self that this subject would apply to the
white man just as well as to the negro.
When riding over the country how can any-
one help saying “Oh, how shiftless,” when we
see the gates hanging on one hinge, or lying
flat on the ground, the fence blown down,
the cattle in the crops, the barn door swing-
ing to and fro; yes, lookthere in the window,
a number of lights of glass gone, and stuffed
full of old rags, and perhaps a. pillow is stuffed
into the_window. Yes, see, there is adrip-
ping pan set up against the window to keep
the cats out of the pantry, while perhaps
there is glass and putty in the house to put
in the vacant squares.

Who can but exclaim, Oh,how shiftless!
when we look around our yards and observe
a little. We must admit there are some that
lack beauty. Is it a wood pile in front of the
front door, knee deep in chips and trash; a
rickety old fence for the women to cross over
with wood; a good place for stock to get in
and destroy flowers and shade trees; or is it
a potato patch in front of the house, with a.
few stalks of corn for the beans to run _up;
or a yard enlivened with ducks, geese and
chickens, that stand over the well or cistern,
or do the hogs make holes in the ground to
wallow in, and accumulate filth with stag-
nant water, that invites disease to our doors;
or is there a hog lot in front of the house to
feed and fatten swine in, with conveniences
for slopping them at the front gate? Is not
this a nice front yard?

“Ol1, how shiftlessl” The term explains
itself. It means taking it easy when a
shower is rising, and the hay is ready to be
got in the barn. It means sitting in the
house smoking in November, and the pota-
toes still in the ground. It means everything
but thrift. But few words in the English
language have a wider significance. It cov-
ers the broad acres of a man’s farm. V

Shiftlessness is not an inheritance. Adam
did not eat the apple because he was too
shiftless to get anything else to eat, thus be-
queathing this morbid trait to the human
race to the end of time.

When the Almighty Architect looked upon
the Works of creation and called them good,
I fancy He must have overlooked that most
contemptible of all created beings, the shift-
less man. Show me the man who bends
every muscle to the achievement of some ob-
ject; whose brain is constantly fired with a
worthy ambition, who waits not for luck to
turn up, but who persistently grasps pen,
plow or hoe, and delves deep that he may
carve for himself a name among the honored
of earth, and I Will show you the noblest
work of God..

“The industrious man went by the field of
the slothful, and by the vineyard of the man
void of understanding,” and What descrip-
tion has he given of it? Just such a. one as
would apply to many fields of the present
day. “And lo, it was all grown over with
thorns, and nettles had covered the face
thereof.” Could thorns and nettles have
been more numerous in those ancient fields
than the daisies, thistles, and other noxious
Weeds which grow so rank and mar the
beauty of so many broad acres in this nine-
teeuth century‘? And, of course, the fences
are down here and there, and have been for
some time, but there is so much to be done,

and everything is hurrying so, that there

seems to be no time to repair it. And so the
cows get into the corn, ane the pigs into the
garden, and there is a waste of twenty-five
dollars in place of one which would have
fixed the fence. Every one concerned is sorry,
for it was a pretty good piece of corn, and
the cabbages were heading nicely, but then
no one was to blame, because every one was
too busy to attend to the fence. But the
shiftless man, cheered with the assurance
that Uncle Sam owes him 2. living, no matter
if the flour barrel is empty, or the purse just
drained of its last penny, sits down and
smokes the pipe of peace with all mankind-
occasionally giving out a complimentary
whiff to any one who will give him a lift.
But greater is the curse when the shiftless
farmers allow the bankers and lawyers to
reign supreme in the halls of congress.

But stranger still, that they who are slaves
to it, do not, from witnessing its sad effects,
throw off the fetters which bind them, pull up
the weeds, remove the stones, and make the
waste places smile. Brothers, chop down
that old apple tree standing in your back
yard, take away that old came mill that has
stood there idle for years; getting ready to
fall down on a pig or a chicken; and take, oh,
do take that wood pile out of the front yard:
stick it away in some out of the way corner,
where your wife will not be obliged to look
at it every time she goes to the front door;
take away the sticksand chips, and that old
harrow, and broken sled, and those two worn
out pumps that are always propped against
the fence; take away that old rusty plow,
and that three wheeled wagon, with a rail
for the fourth wheel; clezirall these thing
away, and don't have people asking as they
pass: “Is it a widow that lives here 2*" Then
take awnythat five rail worn fence, and in
its place put. up a picket or neat board fence.
Then make ii. good substantial gate that will
shut itself; at gate that must be constantly
run after is worse than no gate at all. It is
so very unpleasant to have to run and drive a
number of hogs out of the yard every time
some one goes through and leaves it open,
especially (as is sometimes the case) when
you have -some of the very elite of the city
visiting you.

But if shiftlessness is so much to be
deplored on the farm, how much g1'ea.ter
are its effects when it enters the house, and
takes possession of every nook and corner,
from kitchen to parlor, from cellar to garret.
Shiftlessness means reading novels when the
dishes are unwashed, and the week’s mending
not done. It means a cold dinner when a
warm one was expected, and with a little
more effort could have been provided. It
means wastefulness—-work which should
have been done to-day left until to-morrow,
untidy rooms, a neglected toilet, hair un-
combed, shoes unbuttoned, each the out-
growth of a lack of ambition.

Shiftlessness is not found alone in
the field, nor yet in the household. N 0
chance then for carelessness here. N 0
time for inaction anywhere. I believe
each of us was created for a purpose,
and with a work to do which no other
one can do for us; and though our lives may
number four score years, there is only time
with diligence to finish it. And surely none
of us will be satisfied .to miss the welcome-
well done, good and faithful Patron.

 

A Daughter Worth Having.

“ Harvey Mills has failed i” said Mrs.
Smithson one chilly spring evening, as she
ran to see her next door neighbor and in-
timate friend, Mrs. James. “ My husband
just came home, and he says what we sup-
posed to be a rumor only is a sad fact; the
assignment was made yesterday. I threw
on a shawl and ran over to tell you. They
are to keep the house under some sort of an
arrangement, but they have discharged all
of their servants, now, Mrs. James, what in
the world Mills will do, with Mrs. Mills’
invalid habits, and Miss Helen with her
dainty ways and refined bringing u , is
more than I know,” and pretty shal ow ‘Mrs
Smithson looked at her news-loving friend
and neighbor with the air of an epicure re-
garding some favorite dish.

. “ I heard about it last evening,” said Mrs.
James, adjusting the pink ribbon at the
throat of her black silk dinner dress, “and
this morning I presumed upon your cousin-
ship so far as to drive over and see how they
were getting along. And really, Mrs. Smith-
son, you will be surprised when I tell you
that, although I expected to find the family
in great confusion and distress, I never saw
them in such a comfortable way and in such
good spirits. The worst was over, of course,
and they had all settled into the new order
of things as naturally as could be. My
cousin Mrs. Mills was sitting as calm as you

lease up there in her sunny morning room,

ooking as fresh and dainty as she ate her
toast and sipped her coffee.

" ‘Our comfortable and cosy appearance is
all due to Helena,’ said she. ‘That dear
child has taken the helm. I never dreamed
that she had somuch executive ability. We
were quite broken down at first, but she
made her father go over the details of his
business with her, and they found that by
disposing of Helena’s grand piano, the
paintings and slabs, and costly bric-a-bac
her father often indulged her in bu 'ing, we
could pay dollar for collar, and so eep the
house. My husbandls old friend, Mr. Bart-
lett, who keeps the art store, you know, and
who has taken a great-interest in Helenna,
bought back the statuar , vases, etc., at a
small discount, and Barker, who sold us the
piano a year or so ago, and who is another
old friend, and knew, of course, ’ust how we
were situated, took it back, d ucting only
twenty-five dollars. -

“ ‘ Helena has just gone into the kitchen.
What she will do there I don't know ; but
she says she needs the exercise, that she has
not attended the cooking school here in the
city for nothing, and so long as the meals
are served regularly and properly and the
house kept in good order, her father and I

are not to worry.’ After she told me that, I

drew my call to a close, and ran down to my
cousin’s kitchen to see her dainty daughter
daughter there. And what do you think ?
I found that girl at the sink, with her sleeves
rolled up, an immense water-proof apron on,
washin akettle!”

“VVas ingakettle ?” repeated Mrs. Smith-
son, holding up both her soft, white hands
in unmeasured astonishment. .

“ Yes, Mrs. Smithson, washing a great,
black, greasy. iron kettle that meat had
been boiled in, and had been left unwashed
and my when the cook left. And do
you now? She was laughing over it all,
and saying to her youngest brother, who
stood near by, that she really liked it, for
she now felt she was making herself use-
ful.”

“ The idea! Liking to wash kettles!” and
the two fine ladies looked at each other in
open-eyed wonder.

“It seems to me as if Helena Mills was try-
ing to make the best of her father’s altered
fortunes, and was simply doing her duty in
the premises,” spoke Miss Carlton, Ida
James’ new drawing teacher, who was that
evening engaged in giving her pupil a lesson
on the opposite side of the center table. She
spoke in an earnest yet modest way, and it
being the vogue in New City just then to
patronize Miss Carlton, the retty and ac-
complished graduate from assar, the two
ladies looked at her amiably and she went
on : .

“ Yes, perhaps,” replied Mrs. Smithson,
“ but how could a girl of real native refine-
ment (both sides of the “old stock”) take so
kindly to washing ts and kettles. The
fact of it is, people ave been mistaken in
Helena Mills. She never possessed that in-
nate gentility she has bad credit for.
every one finds their level, soon er or later——
he, he !’

These two women, having thus summarily
disposed of Helena Mills, socially, they re-
peated their belief that the lovely, dutiful
young girl had now found her proper level
over in their set until it was common talk in
New City. Miss Carlton in her round of
professional calls among the so called elite
was entertained in nearly every househol
with the information that Helena Mills had
given up her studies even, and gone into
the kitchen work—“and if you believe it
she likes it.” Then would follow reflection
upon the natural ability and bias of mind of
young women who was “ fond of washing
dishes.”

This sensible, accomplished little drawing
teacher was the only one to be found, who
mingled in the “upper circles” of New
City, who said a word either in praise or de-
fense of Helena Mills’ new vocation. Miss
Carlton always and everywhere protested
that the young girl’s course was not only
praisworthy but beautiful. She maintained
that every woman, young or old, high or low,
who took upon herself the labor of elevating
the much abused as well as despised vocation
of housework—upon which the comfort of
every home depends—to a fine art, was a
public benefactor.

‘Miss Carlton's friends all listened and
laughed, and then went on with their sense-
less and malicious tirade. She was heartily
glad when her engagements in New City
were ended and she was not obliged to move
in such “select” society, whose ideas were
always a mere echo of opinions—no matter
how trival and foolish—whicn had been ex-
pressed by a few of the most wealthy mem-
berg. * ' * it -)(- ->6 *

Mrs. Dr. Forbes, nee Miss Carlton, had
heard very little about New City society for
five years. But having occasion to pass
through the place on the cars lately treated
herself to little gossipy chat with the con-
ductor, whom she had know as a New City
gallant.

“ There is no particular news. Mrs.
Forbes,” said he. “ unless it is the engage-
ment of Helena Mills to young lawyer Bart-
lett, son of Colonel James Bartlett, you re-
member owner of the big corner art store.
A capital choice the young squire has made,
too. She’s as good as gold, and everybody
says she’s the best girl in the city. She is a
perfect lady, withal, and treats everybody
well. Not a bit of nonsense or shoddy
about her. \Vhy, bless you, Mrs. Forbes.
when her father failed in ’72, she took en-
tire char e of the family, and she has man-
aged the ouse ever since.

Her father is now in business again for
himself, and employs more men than ever.
Her mother, who has been an invalid for
years. was forced by Helena’s example to
try and exert herself so as to share her
daughter’s burden to some extent. As the
result of her new, active life she has fol-
lowed, she lost all her ailments, and is now
8 ha py, hearty, healthy woman. Helena’s
brot ers have grown up to be fine, manly,
helpful fellows, and the whole family are
better off every way than before. As mat-
ters were going on before Mr. Mills’ failure,
the whole family were in danger of being
spoiled by too much luxury.

“There was a good deal of talk at first
among the big huge about Helena’s ‘pots
and kettles,’ and they used to say she had
found her true ‘level.’ I always thought
there was a piece of malice in their talk, for
the girls of her set envied her beauty and
accomplishments. I am rather found of
telling them now that Helena Mills has
found her ‘level’ in the richest, most in-
féuential, and just the best family in New

ity.

corporate Power.

A recently published letter of the United
States Senator, David Davis, touches upon
this subject as follows : '

“The ra id growth of corporate power
and the ma ign influences which it exerts
by combination on the national and State
legislatures is a well grounded cause of
alarm. Astruggle is pending in the near
future between the over-grown power with
its vast ramifications all over the "Union, and
a hard grip on much of the political ma-
chinery, on the one hand and the people in
an organized condition on the other for con-
trol of the government. It will be watched
by every patriot with intense anxiety.”

The policy pursued by the two prominent
parties in suppressing this issue will do more
than anything else to pularize a third
party, and this issue wi , in time, surely
give rise to one, unless it is recognized and
honestly dealt with by the Democrats or Rs-
publicans. Organized capital, owning steam
and electricity the great forces of the cen-
tury, together with labor-savin machinery,
now controls all the princip branches of
production and commerce except that of

agriculture and it is beginningto make-it-
self seriously felt here. The great railroad

\

 

 

But _

 
 
 


JULY 15, 1832.

SEE:

GRANGE VESEEQR.

kings are now acquiring land, including
cattle ranches in the West. A recent article
in a western paper states that some of the
prominent members of the Standard Oil
Company, to whom trunk lines paid over
ten millions of dollars “rebates” within a
period of eighteen months, are investing
portions of their enormous income in the
wheat lands of the Northwest. The farmers
of the -Red Rit-er Valley have already had a
taste of competition with the machine-like
operations 0 the forty thousand acre farms
run by capitalists, and it is about time that a
halt was called in the onward march of
legislation which permits the alarming
growth of monopoly in every branch of
production and commerce.—Amerz‘can
Dairgman.

Against Monopolles.

There is nothing more insidious and crafty
than the manner in which the various mon-
opolies, which are plundering the people of
this country, arrange their multfarious plans
and see them go on with their vampire busi-
ness. We have repeatedly called the atten-
tion of our readers to man ' of these trans-
actions, but we fear that too few of them
attach to them the importance they deserve.
We know that many are beginning to think
on these topics and when once started in
that track, it does not take long for them to
get some idea of the importance of the
theme. Unless vi orous measures are taken
by the masses of t e country, we shall be
bound hand and foot by the monopolists
who are gradually but surely enriching
themselves at an enormous rate and corre-
spondingly impoverishing the people.

Take the case of the Standard Oil Com-
pany as an illustration. This company be-
gan a partnership in the early years of the
war, between Samuel Andrews and John
Rockafeller, in Cleveland. Rockafeller had
been a book-keeper in some interior town in
Ohio, and had afterwards made a few thous-
and dollars by keeping a flour store in
Cleveland. Andrews had been aday laborer
in refineries, and so poor that his wife took
in sewing, He found a way of refining by
which more kerosene could be got out of a
barrel of petroleum than any other method,
and set up for himself a ten barrel still in the
city of Cleveland, by which he cleared in
six months $500. Andrew's still and Rock-
afeller’s savings have grown into the Stand-
ard Oil Company. It has a capital, nomin-
ally $3,500,000, but really much more, on
which it divides among its stockholders every
year millions of dollars of profits. It has
refineries at Cleveland, Baltimore and New
York. Its own acid works, glue factories,
hardware stores and barrel shops supply it
with all the accessories it needs in its busi-
ness. It has bought land at Indianapolis on
which to erect the largest factory in the
country. It has drawn its check for $1,000,-
000 to suppress a rival. It buys 30,000 to
40,000 barrels of crude oil a day, at a fixed
price by itself, and makes special contracts
with the railroads for the trans rtation of
13,000,000 to 14,000,000 barrels 0 oil a year.
The four quarters of the globe are partitioned
among the members of the Standard ,com-
binations. One has the control of the China
trade; another that of some other country
in Europe; another that of the United
States. In New York you cannot buy oil
for East Indian export from the house that
has been given the European trade; recip-
rocally, the East Indian house is not allowed
to sell for export to Europe. The Standard
produces only one-fiftieth or one-sixtieth of
our petroleum, but dictates the price of all
and refines nine-tenths. Circulars are issued
at intervals by which the price of oil is fixed
for all the cities of the country, except. New
York, where a little competition survives.

Such is the indifference of the Standard Oil
Company to the railroad charges that the
price is made the same for points so far apart
as Terre Haute, Chicago and Keokuk.
There is not to-day a merchant in Chicago
or any other city in New England, Western
or Southern States, dealing in kerosene,
whose prices are not fixed or him by the
Standard. In all cases these prices are so
graded that a merchant in one city cannot
export to another. Chicago, Cincinnati or
Cleveland is not allowed to supply the tribu-
tary towns. That is done by the Standard
itself, which runs oil in its own tank cars to
all the principal dpoints of distribution. This
corporation has riven into bankruptcy, or
out of business, or into union with itself, all
the petroleum refineries of the country, ex-
cept five in the city of New York and a few
of little consequence in western Pennsyl-
vania. Nobody knows how many millions
Rockafeller is worth. -Current ssip among
his business acquaintances in C eveland puts
his income last year at a figure second only,
if second at all, to that of Vanderbilt. His
partner, Samuel Andrews, the poor English
day laborer, retired years ago with millions.
Just who the Standard Oil Company are,
exactly what their capital is, and what are
their relations to the railroads, nobody
knows except in part. Their oflicers re-
fused to testify before the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania, the late New York Railroad
Investigating Committee and a committee
of Congress. The New York committee
found there was nothing to be learned from
them, and was compelled to confess its in-
ability to ascertain as much as it desired to
know “ of this mysterious organization,
whose business and transactions are of such
a character that its members declined giving
a history or description lost their testimony
be used to convict them of crime.”

This concern could not have become so
powerful had it not been for the corrupt
contracts made with it by the various rail-
road companies for transporting their oil.
Honest competition was stamped out by this

' method and now these autocrats with their

millions of capital, their immense factories,
their gigantic refineries, their pipe lines for
transporting oil, stand grinning at the world,
and like the late Tweed coolly_ inquire,
“What are you going to do about _it ?” We
rather fancy the answer they will get ere
long will be more emphatic than pleasant.-
Mrigo Rural.

 

THE inonopolists are beginning to learn
that their fortress, from which they have
long robbed the public, is in danger from
the new anti-monopolist part . Their lat-
est move in self-defense was e recent con-
vention at Syracuse, N. Y., of nearly 500
manufacturers, shippers and merchants,
whom the railroads have favored with _dis-
criminating freight rates, to protest 8381118‘
and petition Gov. Cornell toveto the railroad
bill, which, if it becomes a law, will make
these rich men pay the same as poor folks
for freight transportation.

_‘ _ 3. ,,_,,_, -,.»_.-.v...:. -  

Cfluutlts.’ fziepaqlment.

o

LEARN A LITTLE EVERY DAY.

Little rills make wider streamlets,
Streamlets swell the river’s flow:

Rivers join the mountain billows,
Onward, onward, as they go.‘

Life is made of smallest fragments.
Shade and sunshine, work and play

So may we, with greatest profit,
Learn a little every day.

Tiny seeds make boundless harvests,
Drops of rain compose the showers,
Seconds make the flying minutes,
And the minutes make the hours!
Let us hasten then and catch them
As they pass us on the way;
And with honest true endeavor
Learn a little every day.

Let us read some striking passage
Cull a verse from every page:

Here a line, and there a sentence,
’Gainst the lonely time of age!

At our work, or by the wayside,
While the sunshine’s making hay:

Thus we may by help of study,
Learn a little every day.

Aunt Nina's Familiar Talk.

Dear Nieces and Nephews.-—I have begun
to open my eyes and wonder‘ if it can be that
I have fallen into the forgetfulness that
comes with age. For Will Sii_VS Cowper is
the author of the “Ode to Solitude ;" and then
Ellen comes along and criticizes it, and says
“Pope has that honor,” and in the next para-
graph speaks of Grey in that connection. I
supposed the ziutliorship was settled without
there even being a doubt. Am I mistaken 1‘

We welcome Ellen, and call with her for
SW9€t-Bl'lZil‘ and the other cousins, who seem
to have forgotten us. And the two nephews
who have written to us, we welcome. We
agree with Fred that there should be some-
thing done to awaken more interest, and
rather think his plan is a good one. If any-
one of you has a subject you would like to
have discussed, please tell us.

Charlie need not have been so afraid of the
waste basket. But if he intends to pass his
vacation in study—which we hope will be a
great benefit-—wou1d it not be well to devote
some of that study to composition and
rhetoric? He also forgot to give his name,
which we shall expect with the next coni-
niuiiiczition.

Hoping to hear from you all, and that you
will each one give us a subject from which
to choose. Yorn AUNT NINA.

From Fred.

Dear Cousins.-—It has been some time
since I have contributed anything to the
Youth’s Departniciit, although I have by no
means become disinterested in it. But the
fact is, I felt somewhat intimidated at
“Will’s” gorgeous style, his seeming famil-
iarity with the works of our most noted au-
thors, and the ease with which line after line
of celebrated quotations seem to roll from
his pen. To be sure “Will” wished to be
criticised, but did he suppose any one would
have sufiicicnt courage to attempt to criticise
his productions? As for me, I hardly dared
to read.them, and never thought of criticism.
For some time we have seen very little in our
department from any one besides “Will,” and
we ought to thank him for helping us by his
superior knowledge. And so as soon as I re-
ceived the Visiron of July 1, I opened it to
the Youth’s Department, expecting to find
another article from “Will,” when the first,
last, and only letter in the column was enti-
tled “Will Criticised,” and by a lady too!
Perhaps being a new comer is the reason she
is so brave. At any rate, I for one, gladly
welcome her to our cirlcle.

But I did not wish to criticise or commend,
only to suggest a plan to make our depart-
ment more interesting, by getting more of
the cousins to write. The plan is to have
some one, either Aunt Nina or one of the
cousins, choose a subject for discussion, and
have the sides chosen by Aunt Nina, part to
Write upon one side, and part upon the other,
and so to have all that will, take a part in the
discussion. Cousins, what do you think of
this plan ‘B I find it much easier to write
when the subject is chosen and determined
upon.

Why do we not hear from “Nettie Giiford,”
“Granger Girl,” “Sweet Briar,” and a great
many others, whose names I do not remem-
ber, but whose letters I like to see and read ‘B
Let us hear what you think upon the subject
in the next number of the Visiron, and if
any of you have_a better plan for making our
department interesting, or any plan, let us
have it. Please not criticise too sharply.

“FRED.”
__________._._____
some Thoughts on Life.

Aunt Nina and cousins, how do you all do ‘B
Where are you cousins, where are you ‘R The
echo brings back my only reply. Do you
mean to make our aunt leave us as our uncle
did? I think that We all ought to do our
best to make this department the most inter-
esting one in the whole paper.

"Let us then be up and doing,
With a heart for any fate,”

as the poet says. Let us all write, though the
waste basket may loom up before our af-
frighted eyes. I

I have never written before, but I have
taken a great deal of interest in the letters,
and have always intended to write when I
had time, but time is always wanting,’ and I
have also fancied thatl saw the Waste basket
looming up in all its grandeur to absorb my

 

youthful attempt, and the very thought has
discouraged me.

As I have had the scarlet fever for the
last four weeks,I have been unable to attend
school, which I regret very much, as it was
the last term of the year. I attend the Jack-
son high school, and my studies for this
spring were geoinetry, botany and zilgebrai.
I take the Eiiglisli course. As to my vaca-
cution, I think I will spend it in work, either
liziiid work or brain work, although Aunt
Nina may not think that way is best.

We must work. or the most of us at least
must, either in youth or old age, zuidlhad
much rather work in youth, and have an
easy and pleasant old age, than to fool and
dream away my time in youth, and have an
old age of poverty and sickness. But to the
question. Can anything be more pleasant
than idly swinging under the green trees,
with a book—not for study, as it seems-—
but to help us to dream on 2’ There may not
be anything more plezisuiit. but what good
will it do you?’ You will not be anything
more

“Than an empty dreamer lying there,
Building castles in the air,”

and upon no better foundation than air. As
the poet says,
“Life is real, life is earnest,
And the grave is not our goal.

Dust thou art to dust returnetli,
Was not spoken of the soul."

and also

“Let us then be up and doing,
With a heart for any fate,

Still achieving, still pursuing,
Learn to labor and to wait.

Be not like dumb driven cattle,
Be a hero in the strife.”

Labor is a blessing to all mankind. In
youth prepare for old age, in old age prepare
for death. Take no second place. Be at the
head if you can, and :ilw:iys strive to be there
if you cant. Let your course be upward and
onward, and your motto be excelsioi‘, and
success will crown your labors. And now,
Aunt Nina, if all my cousins w1'ite'as long-
I won‘t say as bad a letter as I h:ive—in re-
sponse to your call, my poor attempt will find
the waste basket sure. CHARLIE.

‘-‘ Rout ” or -‘ Root."

A few weeks ago in Pittsburg, Pa., and
before Judge Kirkpatrick, a case was tried
in which a farmer living in one of the out-
lying townships was the plaintiff and the
county the defendant. Some time ago, as a
little daughter of the plaintiff was crossing
the creek, a foot-log, which was the only
bridge, broke, and the little one fell into the
water and was drowned. A suit for dam-
ages was instituted, but it did not come up
for trial until a few weeks ago, when the
jury awarded the plaintiff damages in the
sum of $800. A little story in connection
with this verdict hasjust leaked out.

D. T. Watson was counsel for the defend-
ant. and in his address to the jury stated
that “if the plaintiff knew the route [pro-
nouncing the word rout] over which the
child crossed the creek was dangerous, and
had not sent her over another route, the
county could not be held responsible for any
damages which ensued.” This evidentlv
struck Judge Kirkpatrick as being pretty
sound logic, for in his charge to the jury he
repeated the statement. Unfortunately for
the county, however, the judge in this in-
stance adopted the pronounciation for the
word preferred by a great many men of cul-
ture (which is quite correct,) and informed
the jury that “if the plaintiff knew the
route [root] was dangerous,” etc., the county
could not be held responsible. The jury
retired, and, much to the surprise of all the
attorneys who had watched the case, soon
brought in a verdict of $800 for the plaintifl‘.

A few days afterward W. D. Moore hap-
pened to meet one of the jurymen in the
Court House rotunda, and almost the first
question asked was: “How in the world
did you jurymen reconcile your verdict with
the J udge’s charge ?”

“Why," responded the late juror, “ we
had no trouble on that score. The Judge
informed us that, if the plaintiff knew the
root was dangerous, the county was not
liable. Now, all of us know it was not the
root which broke and caused the child’s
death, but a rotten log, and we could not re-
turn a different verdict."

It is not known whether Mr. Moore in-
formed the uncultured juror of the fact that
the proper pronounciation of the word
“route” was either “rout” or “root,” but at
all events, those have been made acquainted
with the circumstances enjoy it hugely,
and allege (whether seriously or not, is not
stated) that Judge Kirkpatrick’s pronoun-
ciation cost the county 3800.

_m________.______.
Tri-State Picnic and Exhibition.

The ninth annual tri-State picnic and
exhibition of the Patrons of Husbandry of
Pennsylvania, Maryland and West Virginia,
will open at Williams’ Grove, on Monday,
Aug. 21, 1882, and continue until Satarday,
Aug. 26. Excursion rates at reduced fare
will be arranged over all the principal rail-
roads in Pennsylvania, Maryland and West
Virginia. Agricultural and scientific ad-
dresses, b prominent farmers and states-
men, will e delivered on Tuesday, Wednes-
day, Thursday and Frida . Friday, the
25th, will be “editors’ day,’ and many of
the most prominent newspa er men in the
country will be present on t at day. Man-
ufacturers of agricultural and domestic
implements and machinery. and breeders of
good stock will do well to make note of this
exhibition. Last year it was attended by
more than 30,000 farmers, representing 10
different States. Circulars giving full de-
tails of the arrangements, will be issued by
July 1st. For further particulars address,

. H. THOMAS,
Manager tri-State picnic and exhibition,
Mechanicsburg, Pa.

 

THE Patent Oflice is referred to by plain-
spoken farmer Clarkson, of Iowa as, “a hot-
bed of fraud, which sows the seeds of atroci-
ties practiced on a sufl.“ering people.”

Judge Hilton’s failure in Stewart’s dry
goods business suggests the ancient reason
—that he couldn't get Jews to it.—Lowell
Oourier.

A Question in Political Economy.

A Pennsylvania paper last week stated
that the town of Smithport, in that S:ate,
has a drinking place for every one hundred
inhabitants. Another and larger town, in
another State, has had for years, to our own
knowledge, a still large proportion of drink-
ing places; and doubtless there are thous-
ands of villages and towns, all over the
country, where an at least nearly equal pro-
portion exists. Now, in almost every case
the men who keep these places are very poor
when they begin the business; and in many
cases they make money at it. One instance
of this kind, which we know of, is that of a
one armed man who had little or no property
ten years ago, and who still runs his saloon
in a small old frame shanty, but who from
its front door can now look across the street
at a finethree-story brick block on which he
holds a mortgage that practically makes him
its owner ; and he has other real estate also
-1111 bought with his profits from that little
saloon. He keeps a quiet, civil place, and
has alarge back-door patronage. This, of
course, is an exceptional case; but circum-
stances lead us to believe that similar in-
stances can be found in thousands of villages.
And of those saloon keepers who do not
grow rich, all at least seem to get a living by
their business, and many of them make
enough also to pay occasional fines.

Now, if the money they get all come from
some mine, some place that other people
cannot reach, then it might be said that the
community was made richer by their pros-
perity ; but it don’t; it comes, every particle
of it, from the people right around them.
Let us supppose that Congress should enact
a law to the effect that in every village and
township in this country one man in every
hundred should be supported by the people
—that every hundred people should be taxed
to support one man and is family, and in
many cases taxed enough to make him rich,
while he was engaged in preaching, for in-
stance, or in scientific study, or Arctic ex-
ploration, or in writing treaties on the Re-
lation of the Transcendental to the Infinite
—would such a law be popular‘? Could it
ever be enforced 1’ Would there not be one
universal cry all over the country, that this
was an outrageous proportion of taxation
and a cruel burden upon the people? Cer-
tainly the Government that should attempt
to enforce such a scheme could not last a
week.

But how would this scheme be really more
burdensome than that of having one man in
every hundred supported by voluntary con-
tributions from people who, in addition to
this, have to support themselves, pay all
their own necessary living expenses, and pay
taxes for National, State, county, village,
school and road expenses, besides paying
the expenses of all the dififerent societies and
organizations to which they belong ?

Saying nothing at all about temperance or
intemperance, or about the uses or abuses of
whiskey, beer or any liquor, or about the
morals of the question, but looking at it
solely as a matter of political economy, there
is ample ground for thought in the remark
which the Irishman made to his companion
when they were watching the St. Patrick
procession : “ Bedad, Pat,” said he, “ jist
look at ’em now. See the fellows phat
drunks the whuskey all on fut, and the {el-
lows phat sells it all a’roidin’.”

THE REAPER, DEATH.

MATTICE.—Died in Almira, Benzie county.
Michigan, May 24th, 1882, after a long and painful
illness, Sister ‘J essamine Mattice, aged 49 years and
five months. By her death Almira Grange, No. 381,
loses a faithful member. The sympathies of all are
with the bereaved family.

WHITE.—Died in Almira, June 9th. 1882, Addi.
son White, Worthy Secretary of Kasson Grange, N o.
375.

ARMSTRONG —Trowbridge Grange, No. 296, has
again been called to mourn the loss of another dear
brother, Stephen 0. Armstrong, who died at his home
in Trowbridge, May 28th, i882, age 34 years. Brother
Armstrong was a true Granger and faithful friend
and we shall long remember and cherish his good-
ness.

MAYO.—Died at her home in Convis, May 8th,
1882, Sister Sarah A. Mayo, wife of Brother James
Mayo.

WHEREAS, It has pleased our Great Master to re-
move from us by death, a beloved sister. Therefore,

Resolved, That in her death we have lost a valua-
ble sister, and as brothers and sisters we tender our
sincere and heartfelt sympathies to the bereaved
friends and would commend them to our -Heavenly
Father, who doeth all things well.

Resolved, That as a token of our bereavement our
Charter be draped in mourning for 60 days, and a
copy of the above sent to the GRANGE Visrroa for
publication.

RUELL.—-Died at his residence in Como, Allegan
Co., Mich., June 7th 1882, William M. Ruell, in the
43d year of his age.

Brother Ruell was a charter member of East Casoo
Grange, No. 338, and was a faithful member until
death.

To Sister Ruell and family the members of this
Grange tender their heartfelt sympathy in this the
saddest hour of their bereavement, and order our
hall draped for 60 days, the resolutions of condolence
presented by the committee spread upon our record,
and a copy forwarded to the family of the deceased.

SCOT'l‘.——The reaper of life’: harvest still con-
tinues to gather in his ripened sheaves; and among
those called to labor in the great Grange above is our
worthy brother, Nathan B. Scott, Worthy Secretary
of Ferris Grange, No. 440, for four successive years,
and always found at his post.

Brother Scott died at his home June 5th, 1882.

WHEREAS, The family of Brother Scott has lost
a kind and devoted husband, an affectionate father;
the community an exemplary citizen, and the Grange
a consistent member. Therefore be it

Resolved, That we as a. Grange unite in express-
ing our heartfelt sympathy with the bereaved wife
and children in this their great afliiction; that our
hall and charter be draped for ninety days, these
resolutions be spread upon our records, a copy he fur-
nished the bereaved family, and also be sent to the
GRANGE Visiron and county papers for publication.

Committee.

RIEMER. —Thornapple Grange has sustained a
great loss in the sudden death of our brother, T. A.
D.'Riemer, who in the prime of life has been out
down by the fell destroyer, leaving to our sympathies
and fraternal regard a beloved wife and friends, who
have abundant cause to mourn a good man gone to
his reward.

“How calm his exit l
Night dews fall not more gently to the ground,
Nor weary, wornout winds expire so soft.”

-1

Wear and Rust.

“ \Vhen I was a boy,"said Dr. H. to me one
day, “I remember that my father brought
home two chains, just alike to use on the
farm. It was not long before one was lost;
and though we hunted high and low for it,
we never could find it. The conclusion
probably was that it was stolen ; but I don’t
recollect whether we located the theft on
any one in particular. After I had finished
my medical studies I went home one sum-
me: for a visit; and it happened that year.
father moved a great stone pile that had
lain on the farm all my days. - There at the
bottom lay that old chain. which had pro-
bably been thrown on the heap and slipped
in among the stones. \Ve took it out and
tried to use it, but there was no strength in
the rust-eaten links, they broke and fell
apart at the least strain. The other old
chain was in use still. The links were worn
some, but bright and strong still, and ready
for a good deal of useful service.

“ I have often thought of that old, rust-
eaten chain since then ; and it reminds me
of lazy folks who just rust out their lives.
I find in my practice that they are the
hardestfito cure when they are sick, and that
every little thing breaks them down. Good,
earnest work, in moderation, is one of the
best health-givers I know of. If people of
health would practice it, we doctors would
have to go into the corn fields for a living.”

GRANGE HORSE NETS.

We manfacture a first-class Horse Net at Charlotte,
Michigan, and ofier at prices as follows :-

Full Size Body, Neck, and Ear tips of_l6-thread

twine, by the dozen, each . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3l.l0
Same as above made of 20-thread twine, each. 1.25
Body nets to the hames, each . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75
Ear tips, by the doz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2.40

 
 

When express charges exceed one dollar per doz.
the excess can be charged to me. Sixty da s time
given on orders under seal of a Grange, an 5 per
cent discount oil‘ for cash with the order.

Annsass:
JOSEPH SHAVV,
Charlotte, Mich.

     

Fisli’s American Mauiinl of

PARLIAMENT.-XRY LAW

Is the cheapest and best. The subject is made so
plain that every Citizen or Society member should
have a copy.

Circular of commendation free. Price by mail pre-
paid; cloth, 50 cents; leather tucks, 81.00. Postage
stamps received. Address, J. T. Conn, Schoolcraft, or

GAEO. T. FISH

(Mention this paper.) ROCHESTER, N. Y.

*_TEiTI3"'&’ivTA”iiii i iié, ‘W

Wlllll CUMMISSIUN MEREHANTS,

117 Federal St... Boston.
consignments solicited and Cash Advances Made.

________x_x_____
A.VANDENBERG,

MANUFACTURER,
WHOLESALE arm RETAIL DEALER. IN

HARNESS, WHIPS, BLANKBTS, TRUNKS, llc.,

92 Monroe Street,
GRAND RAPIDS, MICE.
I take pleasure in resentin to your favorable con-
sideration my CAS PRICE LIST of Harness Work
—HAND MADE—-all of my own manufacture, and
also to return thanks for the liberal atronage I have
received from the different Granges t roughout Mich-
igan. I shall do in the future as in the past—furaiah
t e best goods for the least money.
Farm Harness, White Trimmed Breeching,
Round Lines, Snaps, Rum Straps, and

spread rings, complete, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "829 00

The same without Breeching, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26 00
“ “ with flat Lines, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28 00
[4 ll (5 U U

without breeching,.. 25 00
Double Light Buggy Harness, white trimmed,

from . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .825 to 30
The same, Nickle Trimmed, from .... ..835 to 60
Single Buggy Harness, with round lines, white

trimmed, ....  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13 00
Same with flat lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 00
Nickle Trimmed, . . . . . ..8l5, 816, 818, 820 and 25 00

ALL ORDERS RECEIVED UNDER SEAL 0!
THE GRANGE
will be shipped at once, and may be returned at my
expense it not entirely satisfactory.
Address all orders to
Yours very respectfully,
A. VANDENBERG,

92 Moiraoii Sraiinr. Giuzm Burns.

German Horse and Cow Powders.
This wderhas been in use for many years. It
8

is large used b the farmers of Penna lva ' and
th 835011! of that State have bought ’dvernI?)'0,090
pounds through their urchasing agents. Its compo-
sition is no secret. T a receipt is on every box and
5-pound package. _It is made by Dr. L. Obei-holtzor’s
Sons 45 Co., Phoenixville, Pa. t keeps stock healthy
and in go condition. It helps to digest and assimi-
late the food. Horses will do more work, with less
food while using it. Cows will give more milk and
be in better condition. It keeps poultry healthy, and
increases the production of eg . It is also of great
value to them when molt‘ . %'t is sold at the lowest
wholesale rice by R. JAMES, KALAILBOO,
GEO. W. L it Co., 80 Woonsamoii 81, Da-
-raorr, THOS. MASON, 181 Want Sm, Cinema,
and ALBERT STEGEMAN, Annnoax. Put u in
60-lb. boxes (loose), price E103! Cums per 1b., 3P0-lb.
boxes (of 6 5-lb. packages, Tux CENTS per lb.

 

Grand Rafpids, Michigan, is the most popular agricul-
tural and amily paper published. This widel circula-
ted paper,now in its sixth volume,is published weekly,
and sent to subscribers at 81.60 a year inclu '
postage. Every number contains 8 pages, 40 col-
umns of practical agricultural and family reading
matter. including ful reports of the West Michi
Farmers’ Club, of which it is the oficial organ. Th:
publishers ofier for the next thirty days to send on
receipt of 82.00 Tm: Wonnn for one year and a copy
of “ Our Farmer’s Account Book," containing 212
pages on fine Ledger paper, a comprehensive sys-
tem of book keeping adapted to the wants of practi-
cal farmers everywhere. Over 80,000 of these books
have been sold within the last year, and in many in-
stances farmers have paid itinerant book agents as
high as three dollars for them. Every farmer should
have one of these account books, but we advise them
to send direct to the Aoaiconruau. Wonnn, Grand
Rapids, Micli., and receive the account book and Tn:
Wonnn for one year for less than the book costs
alone. Tim Wear.» and Gm a Visitor one year,

and the account book, 82.50. ]'.!)gon’t fail to mention-

this paper when writing. Address,
F. M. CARROLL, Publishers,
Giuim Bums, Mich.


#2,

..-..-.-.u-m..,.—.;-.x:.~»,y-L-.=-.:":‘ .‘:‘.‘ . ."“ T" ' ' '

  TEE GRANGE

VISITOR.

JULY 15, 1882.

How Do They Get It?

The Hon. David Agnew, ex-Chief Justice
of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. in
an address which he delivered on the 15th
of June, 1881, used the following language:

“A remarkable fact attending all the great
railroads of the United States is theimmense
wealth of their leading oflicials. It is con-

, fined to no State, and is exceptionaltoall

other employments. The grandest talent
and greatest learning in law, physics, and
other learned avocations, accumulate a few
thousands in a lifetime; but railroad oili-
cials, often rising from mere clerkships,
roundsmen, ticket and other agents, with
salaries running from hundreds to a few
thousands, eventuate as possessors of many
millions. It is no uncommon thing to see a
railroad president, rising from the humblest
station, in the course of fifteen or twenty
years. become the owner of five, ten, or
even twenty millions, at a salary which
would not average for the whole time over
ten or twelve thousand dollars. These are
mysteries that the common people cannot
understand.”

SUCCESS in sheep raising depends very
much upon the care given them. Those
who provide good sheds and suitable food,
and have their sheep red and watered regu-
larly, and watched carefully while having
their lambs, will be the ones who raise the
largest per cent. profit on their flocks.

MICHIGAN:

FEMALE SEMINARY.

KALAMAZ00, MICH.

Board and tuition, $175 per school year. Location
delightful. School on the Mt. Holyoke plan. In-
fluence Christian, but not sectarian. Fine library,
cabinet, telescope and musical instruments. Fall
term begins Sept. 7, 1882. For catalogue or further
information, address -

PRINCIPAL_.‘_

  PATENTS.

LUCIUS C. WEST. Solicitor of American and
Foreign Patents, and Counsellor in Patent Causes.
Trade Marks, Copyrights, Assignments, Caveats, and
Mechanical Drawings. Circulars free. 16 Portage
street, KALAMAZOO, MICH. aprltf

SIOOO REWARD

foruny machine hullingaamuch closer seed in 1 day aathe

 Itbeatsallother

Hullers. having
Double Hulle “fled

lilac me
can.

 
   
 
 
   
   
       

 0“
sold in l‘3‘ll and AV-

the demand c ould _ i V‘ '
not be siipphed. - 2 iv , ' ' ‘

Circular confirming this mailed free. Send for it.
NEWARK MACZINE COMPANY, Newark. Ohio.

Owners of Patents and the only Manufacturers in the world.
l5june3m

TEE EALAMAZOO

B U S I N E S S
COLLEGE and

 
   
 

 
 

INSTITUTE,

Ofiers superior advantages to young Men and Women
who wish to qualify for business. Send for Journal
giving particulars.

W. F. PARSONS, Presf.
GEORGE W. HILL,

SEED and EUMMIESIUN MERCHANT

General Merchandise Broker.

.._—1oi_—_

Send for my riced and illustrated Catalogue of
Rogers’ Plated are. also prices of the New Home
and Singer Sewing Machine. Don’t be bamboozled
any longer by agents. I furnish the above at very
low prices.

EURE/(A FAMILY 00/-TEE /?0/1875/?
The Housewife’s Best Friend.

  
 

(With Cover Raised.)

It Sets into the stove like a. kettle, has a mica win-
dow through which the coffee‘ can be seen while in
operation ; has also an opening and_ closing draught
by means of the set of holes shown in the.abo_ve cut,
and another set (not shown) on the opposite side_ and
in the lower rim of the pit, has a wire cloth cylinder
with slide door, as above represented. The pit and
cover are made of the best Charcoal Iron, and cover
finished on the outside in “ Black Baki.ngqJapan."
They are well put up and well  o solder
used. Are made to ill: stoves according to number,
size 8 and 9. _

The whole for the small investment of 82.60.

. 0 r dozen.
82§60ndpl:el11!nb8!' of your stove when you order.

‘G-EC. T‘. EIIIII,
80 Woodbridge St. West, Detroit.
ljnl . '

A combination that will
produce an even grade
of Butter, Winter and
summer. No Ice re-
quired. Saves two-thirds

the labor.
its cost twice the first’

season. A RESPONSI-
BLE AGENT wanted

where an Agent is not

It will save

located. Correspondence
Send for CIR-
CULARS and -PRICE-LIST.

solicited.

G. W. Hunt, Mattawan. Van Buren County.

W. P. Herd, Lowell, Kent County.

A. H. Smith. Sparta, “ N

Charles E.,Thornton, Rockford, Kent County.
Charles Pittman. Middleville, Barry County.

A. Stegeman, Alle an, Aug an Count _

D. P. Newton, Wgtson, g‘ H y

Simeon Staring, Ganges, H u

E. J._McNau§hton, Coopei-ville, Ottawa County.
Gutelius Sn er, Three Rivers, St. Joseph “
Wdhams A: artshorn. Owosso, Shiawassee County.
0- 0- 5 311161113. Royalton, Berrien County.

P- W- _ Etta. Chelsea. West Washtenaw County.
John Wiebe, Bear-_ Lake, Manistee County.

J. A. Montagu, Niles, Berrien County.

Sears A: Messenger, Cassopolis, Cass County.

John Hofiman, Homer, Calhoun Co.

John Adams, Marshall, 4‘

Wattles an Wood, Battle Creek, Calhoun Co.

J. R. Brayton, Bellville. Wayne Co.

S. Andrews, Howell, Livingston Co.

A. B. Cooley, Romeo, N. W. Macomb Co.

H. H. Freeman, Lenox, N. E. Macomb Co.

D. I. Dunton, Lapeer, Lapeer Co.

B. J. Wily. Mottville, St. Joseph County.

G. M. Gardner, Litchfield, Hillsdale County.

LIFE INSURANCE

FOR. PATRONS.

O

lhe Palmns’ Aid Society of Michigan

WAS OBGANIZED IN DECEMBER, 1850,

to give the Patrons of Michigan an opportunity to
belong to a

HOME lN8TI'I'U'l'ION OF LIFE INSURANCE

that the could control. As its name indicates, it is
FOR T E MEMBERS OF OUR ORDER AND
FOR THEM ONLY.
Its Annual Meetings occur at the same time and
lace as the annual session of the State Grange.
This feature was for the express urpose of provid-
ing for a large representation of 819 members of the
Society at its most important meeting of the year,
when its oificers are elected. and without special
notice any amendment to the laws and rules govern-
ing the Society may be made.

The Muruu. run adopted by this Society pro-
vides that an Assessment shall be made ONLY
when a member dies, and the amount of that as-
sessment is fixed when a person becomes a member,
and cannot beincreased at any subsequent period.
This assessment is graduated according to age, which
_is an important and listinctive feature of this Socie-
ty——oue which should commend it to the favorable
consideration of Patrons.

If there are reasons why peo le should from time
to time pay a small sum from t eir income or their
earnings, in order to secure to those dependent on
them in an hour of need a sum sufiicient to bridge
over the expenses and wants incident to that most
trying period of life, those reasons hold good when
applied to the Patrons 0! our State.

Applications for membership may be made to

JAMES COOK, J. W. EWING,
Adrian. Eaton Rapids.
ELIJAH BARTLETT, Wat. B. LANGLEY,
Dryden. Centreville.
R. C. CARPENTER, GEO. W. EWING,
Lansing.
Mas. C. K. CARPENTER, C. L. WHITNEY,
Orion. Cincinnati.
J. T. COBB, A. E. GREEN,
Sihoolcraft. Walled Lake.

or to Local Agents they may appoint.
For By-Laws and Circulars apply to either
WM. B. LANGLEY, Pres’t,

Or J. 1‘. COBR, Sec’y. Centreville,
febltf Schoolcratt, Mich.

 

AGENTS: /

A c nix E
CREAMER &  COOLER

 .l|i!ili|i|l|illJlillll
' ' ill

    

4<v

MCCALL & DUNCAN, Schoolcraft, Mich.

J. A. Johnson, Vicksburg. Kalamazoo County.
H. C. Call, Glass River, Shiawassee County.
Wm. S. Palmer, Lansing. Ingham County.
William Spalding, Hoytville, Eaton County.
Union Wind Mill Co., Albion, Jackson County.
The Bird Wind Mill Co., Kalamazoo, Kal’zoo Co.

~ Charles North, Trent, Muskegon and Newaygo Co.

Nathan Winslow, Williamstown, Inghsm Connty.
C. H. Eumes, Grand Blanc. S. E. Genesee Co.
John Gross, Moore ark, St. Joseph Co.

T. H. Ross & Co., Bowagiac, Cass County.

S. N. Thomas, Decatur, Van Buren County.
Wm. C. Wooley, Elsie, Clinton and Gratiot Co’s.
Adams dz Rue. Galesburg, Kalamazoo County.
F. L. Elms, Charlotte, Eaton Co.

J. W. Rossman, Mariette, Sanilac Co.

Staut & Ingoldsb , Pontiac, Oakland Co.

Dunnam & Son, Hudson, Lenawee Co.

Slayton & Son, Tecumseh, Lenawee Co.

Wilcox Bros. Adrian, Lenawee Co."

A Chandler & Son. Goldwater, Branch Co.

E. S. Bellamy, Ionia, Ionia, co.’

M W Thayer, Paw Paw, Van Buren co.

S P Davis, Constantine, St. Joseph County.
Whiting Ii: Richardson, Flint, Genesee County.

Alabasiine

Is the only preparation based on the
proper principles to constitute a durable
finish for walls, as it is not held on the wall

with glue, etc., to decay, but is a Stone Ce-
ment that hardens with age, and every ad-
ditional coat strengthens the wall. Is ready
for use by adding hot water, and easily ap-
plied by anyone.

Fifty cents’ worth of ALABASTINE will
cover 50 square yards of average wall with
two coats: and one coat will produce better
work than can be done with one coat of any
other pre aration on the same surface.

For sa e by paint dealers everywhere.
Send for circular containin the twelve
beautiful tints. Manufacture only by AI.-
ABASTINE Co.

M. B. CHURCH. Manager.

juyl-tf. Grand Rapids, Mich.

Teasdale Stea.mFruit&Vegeta.ble
EVAPORATOR.

To the Farmers and Fruit Growers of Lenawee, Ber-
rien, Can, VanBuren, Kalamazoo, St. Joseph, Cal-
houn, Branch, Hilladalc, Jackson, Was/itenaw,
Monroe and Wayne Counties, in the State of Michi-
gan, and Lucas and Williams in the State of Ohio,
and the entire State of California :

THE BEST. SAFEST, CHEAPEST AND THE
MOST ECONOMICAL MACHINE

in the line of Evaporators ever offered in any market.

1st. The immense amount of drying capacity for
the amount of room used.

2d. There is no possibility of burning, browning,
or otherwise damaging fruit is the drying process.

3d. No experts are require to run the Evapora-
tor; and any man with ordinary intelligence can learn
all there is to it in an hour.

4th. It takes only two hours to dry apples with
this Evaporator, while it requires six hours to dry
with the hot air process.

5th. When drying frames are placed in the drying
chamber they need not be removed until the fruit is
dried, for each frame, as can be seen, has a drying
chamber by itself, consequently moisture cannot rise
and dampen the fruit in upper part of dryer. And
the idea of hauling innumerable drying frames up
and down through a tower 40 to 50 feet high is en-
tirely done away with. And no more danger of loss
by fire than in burning a cook stove, which fact alone
is largely in favor of our machine, for the average
life of a hot air concern is not to exceed two years.
There are man other points of excellence which we
have not room ere to mention.

We have three sizes in stock. First size 6 to 8

sessions.-:22.-,_'m___._--.._._.,.-ifige

l5june4t

WELLS, RICHARDSON & C0’S

I M PROVED
BUTTER COLOR
A NEW DISCOVERY.

a'For several years we have furnished the
of America with an excellent arti-

new color for butter; so meritorious that it met
with great success everywhere receiving the
hlghestandonlyprlzesatbotht‘ “onsl

Fairs.

Dairy
[3'But by patient and scientific chemical re-

seardi we have improved in several points, and
now oflsi-this new color as the but in the world.

It Will Not color the Buttermilk It
Will Not Turn Rancid. It Is the

Strongest. Brlshtefl 309
cheapest color Made.

[?And, while prepared in oil, is so compound-
ed that it is impossible for it to become rancid.

g'3fiwAR[ of all imitations, and or all
other oil colon, for they are liable to become
rauddand spoil the butter.

3'11 you cannot get the “impi-cved" write us
to know where and how to get it without extra
expense. 55)

.. WELLS, RICHARDSON I C0i, Burlington, Vt.

 

ljul

1* “ ‘ per da ; this size can be used on any cook
stove. Secon size from 20 to 25 bushels. Third size
from 40 to 50 bushels. All except the smallest are
wholly

Constructed of Galvanized Iron

Cash orders will receive prompt attention. Agents
wanted in every townsljp and County in the State
of California. Address correspondence to

R. M. BELLING-ER,

Blissfield. Mich,
ljuntf

TEE 5-TON‘

WAGON SCALES.

ARE SOLD FOR 360.

All Iron and Steel. Sold on trial—freight paid by
us-no money asked till tested and found satisfac-
tory. All sizes manufactured.

JONES OF BINGHAMPTON,
_ Binghampton. N. Y.
Send for Circulars and further particulars.

' Paw Paw, Mich., May 18th,_l878.
JONES or Bmcnun-ox: _ _
My Scales give entire satisfaction. I have sub]ect-
ed it to the most severe tests and find it not only
correct in weighing large or small amounts, but

can liable.
Wf yn Yours, Fraternally,
' ed J. J. WOODMAN.
(sign 1 3 m_1F

EVERY FARMER IN THE COUNTRY SHOULD EXAMINE THE

New Combined ‘Spring Tooth Sulky Harrow

CULTIVATOR AND SEEDER.

Manufactured by

THE WOLVERl‘NE
HARROW AND SEEDER COMPANY.

Kalamazoo, .

  
 
   

Michigan.

As a combined machine, it stands un-
rivalled in excellence, doing the work of
a Harrow and Seed Sower most thorough-
_ ly and satisfactorily. It has taken high
j rank at once as ONE OF THE VERY
;- BEST IMPLEMENTS FOR THE USES

—— - ._ - DESIGNED EVER INVENTED. Sows
all kinds of grain and grass seeds. The Harrow does not trail or clog, is con-
structed in two S€Cti0nS~ either Of which can be raised or lowered by the driver,
working independently of each other. setting the teeth at any required depth. It

is 0f V91‘? light draft easily W0‘k€d by one pair of horses, and has received the
first premium and diplomas wherever exhibited

Send for Circulars. LORENZO BIXBY’ Sec!/y_

ATRONS’ AINT ORKS.

Alanufucturcrsofln gersoll’: Li quid Rubber
I’rn'nt. The only Pa hit: that do fy moist or salt
uirorwatentliesun, burning Co,“
which destroy all Price, 19.,’ de_
lit-ered freight paid to any No cash requir-
ed until delivered. All write and have
sent free Beautiful Color itself, with in-
struction: how any one us, PATRONS’
PAINT WORKS, NEW

 
   
      
  
  

 
  
  
   
  

or fume: of
other Paints.
depot in thecount .
Paint users shou d
Card of the Paint
can Paint. Addr
YOR

   
   

The New Murray Harrow Cultivator and
SEEDER COMBINED.

‘ -——:-,———-4-

’f3\ni11:\i\\llun“.fl11lll\1l\ll"/ ,,\\\%1l“\,\\!l\‘\I\Tl|‘l\,| 
il\\\l\lIiit‘.,:.!_'{ ”f Ill c‘.._."f\I.l.lI.\._.._\,|,\.\.m.“. ll-'.,l
, Jg|||u|ll|   Lllllllllllllll  V‘

I , ,,

- .- l V I ‘ ”"'7¢64;—¢——

Contains our latest improvements. For simplicity, strength, ease in handling by man and team, and
quality of work. it has no equal. Send for Circulars. Address,

S. J. WING, Kalamazoo, Mich.

‘POI’

-avsiafxnni-rsxsirais _
 ~..' 4 .:.:?-=:-_, ':...z-. .- ,....v ~‘-»

 

THE RIX HARROW

DISTANCES ALL OTHERS BY REASON OF LIGHTNESS OF DRAFT
AND EFFICIENCY OF WORK

It took the first premium at the Grand Rapids field trials, beating every other harrow entered. It
was highly recommended by the Committee on account of the ease of adjustment’ of the teeth, the
ease ot draft, and the efliciency of its work.

We call the attention of farmers everywhere to our Improved Harrow.

IT DOES NOT INFRINGE ON ANY PATENTS,

AND

For DURABILITY _it is UNSURPASSED.

Send for Circulars.
RIX HARROW 00., (Incorporated),

l5jultf IKALALIAZOO, CNIICEI.

‘Pure Italian Bees.’

Sixty swarms in movable comb hives for sale.
Write for prices.

Write to Kalamazoo
Publishing Co. for esti-
mates on Printing, Bind-

Southard & Ranney, I
lfimaytf ' KALAMAZOO, MICH.

ing, and Blank Books.

 

 

 

I