“THE FARMER IS OF MORE CQIVSEQUEJVCE THAN THE FARM, AND SHOULD BE FIRST 1

VOLUME 9,—NO. 3.
WHOLE N0. 155. l

[Printed by Kalamazoo Publishing Co.)
Publishers of the Dailly and Weekly Tr-lr-_;:raph.

Combined monthly circulation of the three paper.-, 72,500.

v

mlllllulnmiwlllliuuwl’

SCHOOLCRAFT, MICH., FEBRUARY 1, 1883.

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Oflicers National Grange.

MAs'risn—J. J. WOODMAN,Paw Paw, Mich.
0vansEEa—PUT. DARDEN, . . . . Mississippi.
LacrUnan—HENRY ESHBAUGH, Missouri.
SrnwAiin—W. SIMS, ............. . . Kansas.
Assr. SrawAnn—JOHN J. ROSA, Delaware.
C8APLAIN—H. 0. DERVIES,.... .Maryla.nd.
TBi:AsUizEB——F. MCDOWELL,. . .New York.
SEc'Y—W. M. IRELAND, Washington, D. C.
GATE-KEKPER—J AS. V. SCOTT,. .A.rka.nsas.
Cxizns—MRS. J. J. ‘WOODMAN, . . Michigan.
PoiioNA—MRS. PUT. DARDEN, Mississippi.
FLOBA—MBS. I.W. NICHOLSON,New Jersey
LADY Assn‘. STEWABD- Mas. WM. SIMS,Kan

Executive commlttee- .

D. WYATT AIKEN, . . . . . ..South Carolina.
H. D BINGHAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Ohio.
DR. J. M. BLANTON, . . . . . . . . . . . .Virginia.

Officers Michigan state Grange.

M.—C. G. LUCE, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Gilead.

O.—A. N. WOODRUFF, . . . . . . . .Watervliet.

Lnc.—JOHN HOLBROOK, . . . . . . . .Lansing.

S.—-S. A. TOOKER, . . . . . . . . . . Grand Ledge.

A. S.—A. B. CLARK, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
TBEAS -S. F. BROWN, ....... . .Schoolcraft.
SBc..—J. T. COBB, . . . . . . . . . . . . .Schoo1craft.
9. K.—ELIJAH BARTLETT, .... . .Dryden.
&nEs.—MRS. M. T. COLE, . . . . . . .Palmyra.
Poiro1u.—MRS. LYDIA DRAKE, Plainwell.
FLoaA— MRS. D. H. STONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
L. A. s.— MRS. A. B. CLARK ............ ..

Executive committee.

J. Q. A. BURBINGTON, Cb’a,... .Tn8c018-.
H. 0, PLATT, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ypsila.nti.

JOHN PORTER, . . . . . . . . . . . . Grand Rapids.

THOMAS MARS, . . . . . . . . ..Berrien Center.

WM SATTERLEE, . . . . . . . . . "Birmingham-

THOS. F. MOORE, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Adrian.
J. G. BAMSDELL .......... . .Traverse City.
C. G. LUCE, J. T. COBB, ..... ..Ex-0fiiCi0-

State Business Agent.
THOMAS MAsoN,: ...... ..Chicago, m.
GEO. W. HILL. ................. ..Detroit.

cener_a_l_Deputy.
J OHN HOLBROOK ............. ..La.nsing.

special Lecturers.

Thos. P. Moore, ...... ..Adrlan, Lenawee Co.
M. L. Stevens, ...... . .Perry, Shiawassee Co.
Mrs S. Steele,....~.... .Manton, Wexford Co.
Andrew Campbell. Ypsilanti. Wnahtenaw 00-
J  Wing . .. .Ann Arbor, Washtenaw Co.

OUR AGRICULTURAL INTERESTS.

Th e reportjor January 1 received by
the secretary of state from 828 corre-
spondents. representing 649 townships,
indicate that in 1882 clover seen yielded
slightly less than one and one-half
bushels to the acre. Horses. Oflttle.
sheep and swine are in fine condition. In
answer to the question, “Has wheat dur-
ing December suffered injury from any
cause ?” 698 correspondents answer “No”
and 52, or about one in 15 answer “yes.”
The price of all grades of wheat is a tri-
fle higher January 1, than the first of
the preceding month. In the southern
four tiers of counties the ground was
fairly protected by snow during
most of the month of December.
The total number of bushels of
wheat reported marketed in De-
cember at 289 elevators and mills or
about one-half the number in the state,
was 1,263,000. The total number of
bushels reported marketed in the five
monghg from August to December was
6,585,000. A carefully prepared estimate
indicates that, in addition to the amount
required by those supplied with wheat
directly from farmers’ bins. nearly 11.-
fi)0,000 bushels of the wheat crop of
1882 are yet in farmers’ hands. There

is no data on which _ to b&8_e
an estimate as to. what portion -of this
amount is marketable wheat. The only
figures obtainable bearing on the ques-
tion are in the crop report of An ast-
They show that more than 11, 0(1)
bushels are badly damaged and much of
it made worthless by the rain in the ear-
ly part of that month. Much damaged
wheat was doubtless used for seed
and more is likely to be placed on the
market and disposed of at some price,
though of no value except for feed.

ifiiviwlltmil fisiirlmeal

WHY SHOULD WE GIVE UPTHE OLD FARM’!

BY VVALTEB KITTBEDGE.

[lVrz'tten and swig at Me late meetimz of the
JVeu.* Harnpe/lire State Grange, by H’ alter
Kittredge, author of “Tentz'7z.g on the Old
Camp G'rom1d."’

Why should we give up the old farm,
Don’t you think we’d better go on;
I know it will pay, and half clear the way,
And make us more healthy and strong.
Some tell us that farming don’t pay,
This working and tilling the soil ;
But why should we stop, or shut up the shop,
When there's so much pleasure in toil!
Ah! tell us, my good brother John,
We soon shall be aged and gray,
We'll plant acres of corn,-
Our horses are stron
Dou’t you think good farming will pay?

Don’t you love those cattle and sheep,

That roam o'er the valley and hill;
There’s nothing can cheer like a

Home on the farm.
Then let us move on with a will,

We must have the city and town;
Also the shop and the mill,

But the farmer will thrive, if he’s only alive
And his acres he only will till

If he only will live a true life,
And on the old farm will but stay;

Ah! brother, I know if we only will sow,
In the end that farming will pay.

As boys we've roamed o‘er the hills,
In those woods have oft trapped the gray,
By the low running brook with pole, line and
hook

7

We've taken the trout for our prey.
And shall we give up the old farm,

Let strangers cross the old sill;
Better days will yet dawn, if we’ll

Still plant our com,
And grind it out at the mill.

So brother, we must treasure the home,
And not let it go to decay;

We will not harbor, but fix up the old place,
And tell you that farming will pay.

Leave not the old home, the old farm—-
Those fields ef verdure so grand,
There's no calling now like holding the plow,
And tilling this beautiful land.
Our father had food and to spare,
His children were healthy and strong;
Always well fed, never crying for bread,
Then why sha.n’t we just move along.
Ah! yes, we’ll keep the old farm
Brother John, thus yet come a day,
When the kings of the soil, and those Matrons
of toil,
Will tell you that farming will pay.

Johnny Appleseed.——The Man who had a
Mania for Planting Apple Trees.

COMPILED BY A. D. P. VAN BUREN.

Jonathan Chapman, better known
as “Johnny Appleseed." was born in
Boston about the year l77-5 He early
drifted to western Pennsylvania
where in its wild frontier life his man-
ia. for planting appleseeds was first
discovered. Tired of the rapid settle-
ment of that wilderness he soon push-
ed out for the west. In 1801 he visited
Ohio with a horse-load of appleseeds
which he had gathered from the cider
presses of western Pennsylvania. He
planted his seeds on the fertile spots,
on the banks of the Licking Creek.
For the next five years we lose track
of him. He was no doubt, planting
nurseries in other parts of the wilder-
ness, as in 1806 he was seen by a settler
drifting down the Ohio river in two
canoes lashed together, and loaded
with appleseeds, destined for the west-
ern border of the white settlement.
He passed by Marietta, and up the
Muskingim river, and up its tribu-
taries, along on whose banks he plant-
ed his seeds; selecting, as usual, the
most fertile spots—the rich loamy
grounds along the streams. He often
planted as high as a bushel of seed in
one locality, then enclosed the spot
with a slight fence. or guard of brush,
when he would leave the place till the
trees had in a measure grown. The
canoe voyage of 1806 was the only jour-
ney of that kind. All his other jour-
neys were made on foot over the old
trail leading from Fort Duquesne to
Detroit, by way of Fort Sandusky,
known as “the second route through
the wilderness of Ohio.”

Planting one stock of seeds, he re-
turned to Pennsylvania for another,
which he gathered from the cider
presses in different places. He first
carried the seeds in linen bags, but the
dense underbush hostile with thorns
and briars made leathern bags the only
safe ones for his purpose. Sometimes
the bags found transportation on the
back of an old, broken down horse,
but more often on his own sturdy
shoulders. He was a man of vigorous
muscle, and great endurance, or he
could not have stood the long weary
journeys through the lonely and track-
less ‘wilderness for so many years,
journeys in which he was loaded like
a mule ascending the Andes. But still

though thus burdened, no pilgrim
walked with a more devoted heart or
animated step towards Mecca, than
Johnny Appleseed did to reach his
Mecca in the wilderness of Ohio. He
always planted his seeds in. some re-
mote picturesque spot, ‘and there let
them grow to be claimed by
the settlers, whose homes sprang up
in the isolated clearings. In this way
the wilderness was made to blossom
like a rose, and the foundation was
laid for that immense growth of fruit
trees whose yield to-day forms so im-
portant a part of the annual products
of the great State of Ohio.

‘When the trees were large enough
for sale. Johnny either sold them, or
left them to be sold by some settler for
him. In this business he was as
methodical as a merchant. The really
poor got trees for nothing, of others
more able he took old clothing, some
meal or anything he could use, in ex-
change. Of those able to pay he de-
manded money, which he was seldom
without. He usually took notes pay-
ale at some indefinite period. This
done, he paid no more attention to the
matter; quite often it was the last time
he ever saw the giver of the note. His
wants were few, and he cared little
about money. He used What money
he got in buying Swedenborgion books
which he gave to the settlers where he
stayed, and he very often helped poor
families in need of the necessaries of
life.

An old, infirm horse excited his pity.
Buying up old broken down horses and
leaving them in charge of some one
who was pledged to care for them, was
another part of this strange man’s
mission. He had at times quite a
drove of aged, and maimed horses
under the care of some humane farmer.

Infiicting pain on a dumb creature
was with him an unpardonable sin.
This sympathy extended to the small-
er animals, even to insects. He put
out the fire in the camp, in the woods
because the wind blew the mosquitoes
into the flame, saying as he quenched
the blaze—“God forbid that I should
build a fire for my comfort which
should be the means of destroying any
of his creatures.” He once built afire
at the end of a hollow log in which he
intended to pass the night, but finding
a bear and her cubs occupying it, he
removed the fire to the other end slept
in the snow rather than disturb the
bears. A snake having bit him, a
friend asked him in regard to it, John-
ny drew a long sigh and replied-—-“poor
fellow ! he only just touched me, when
I in an ungodly passion put the heel
of my scythe in him and went home.”
While at work in the woods a hornet
got underneath his shirt, and although
repeatedly stung by the enraged incect,
he deliberately took ofl‘ his shirt, and
liberated the intruder. His friend
laughed at him and asked why he did
not kill the little imp, to which John-
ny replied—“It would not be right to
kill the poor thing, for it did not in-
tend to hurt me.”

Pruning and grafting apple trees
was a sin in his eyes. Next to his love
for apple tree culture or planting was
his love for Swedeuborg’s Writings.
At the end of a long journey as he lay
stretched on the floor of frontiers-
men’s cabin, with his knapsack for a
pillow, he would ask the inmates if
they would like to hear “some news
right fresh from heaven.” Then tak-
ing a volume of Swedenborg he would
begin reading from it to them. He
scattered Swedenborg’s books among
the settlers where he went, as he did
his apple trees. When the books grew
scarce with him, he would divide a
volume into parts, leaving a part at
each home, in a settlement, telling
them they could exchange as fast as
they read their installment. This
worked cuiiously, sometimes when a
backwoodsman who had got the last
chapter, would get the next to his and
thus read the book through backwards.

The personal appearance of Chap-
man was as singular as his character.
He was a small wiry man, quid: and
restless in his motions and conversa-
tion ; his beard though not long, was
unshaven, his hair was long and dark,
and his eyes black and sparkling. He
lived the roughest life, camping out in
the woods, or, if sleeping in a house,
occupying the floor, his dress was an
lndiscribable medley, composed of cast-
off‘ clothing he had taken in exchange

for apple trees. In latter years this
second-hand raiment he thought too
luxurious, and woreus a principal gar-
ment an old coffee sack, in the bottom
and sides of which he cut holes to
thrust his head and arms through.
He thought this a cloak good enough
for any man to wear. He seldom wore
shoes except in winter. For traveling
on rough roads he wore a rude pair of
sandals. He bought no covering for
his feet, used old cast-ofl‘ boots or shoes
generally unmatched, and wore them
while they would stick to his feet. He
made his own head gear, for a long
time he wore the large tin dipper, in
which he cooked his mush while trav-
elin . But it failed to shade his face
from the sun. Hence he made a hat
of pasteboard, with an immense peak
in front, and bent down at the sides to
protect his face from the heat.

He believed it a sin to kill any crea-
ture for food, holding that the soil pro-
duced everything requisite for human
subsistance.

He could bear pain with Indian for-
titude, a cut or sore he would sear
over with a red hot iron, then cure it
as a burn. The Indians seeing these
qualities or traits in him, regarded
him asa "medicine man.” During
the war of 1812, Johnny, when the
frontier settlers were hunted down by
the savage allies of Great Britian
traveled night and day, warning peo-
pel of approaching danger, visiting
every cabin he delivered this message,
“Th'e'"spirit of the Lord is upon me,
and bath anointed me to blow the
trumpet in the wilderness and sound
the alarm in the forest ; for behold the
tribes of the heathen are round about
your doors and a devouring flame fol-
lowcth after them.” Refusing food or
rest thus he traveled throughout the
border, warning people till the danger
was past. Thus this eccentric and
strangely clad being wandered for
years through the forest and border
settlement, caring for his scattered
nurseries, and spreading the tenets of
his Swedenborgian faith. He led a
blameless and moral life ; and likened
himself to the primitive Christians,
literally taking no thought of the mor-
row. This coviction made him at all
times serenely happy. At one time
an itinerant minister holding forth on
the public square in Mansfield was de-
nouncing the sins of his life and pride
in dress, exclaimed inquiringly
“Where now is the barefooted Christ-
ian traveling to heaven ?” Johnny
who was lying on his back on the
ground near by took the question in
its literal sense, raised his bare feet in
the air and vociferated, “Here’s your
primitive Christian I” to the discom-
fiture of the well dressed missionary.

in 1838 Johnny took a solemn fare-
well of all the families in the eastern
part of the State and followed his vo-
cation for the next nine years on‘ the
borders of Ohio and Indiana. In
i847 he died in the cabin of a settler
near Fort Wayne, at the age of seven-
ty two years, forty-six of which he
had been devoted U) his self imposed
mission. The physician who was pres-
ent at his death was heard to inquire
what was Johnny Appleseed’s relig-
ion; he had never seen a man in so
placid a slate at the approach of death,
pod so ready to enter upon another

ife.

A Substitute for Black Walnut.

_ Black birch, which is rapidly com-
ing into favor, is a close grained and
very handsome wood, and can be easily
stained to resemble walnut exactly. It
Just as easy to work, and is suitable
for nearly, if not all, the purposes to
which black walnut is at present ap-

plied. Birch is much the same
color _ as cherry, but the latter
wood is now very scarce, and conse-
quently dear. It is avdfficult thing to
Obtain Cherry at $502: thousand feet,

while birch wood can be had at any
saw mill at $10 per thousand feet.

_When properly stained, it is almost
impossible to distinguish the difference
between it and walnut, as it is suscep-

tible of a beautiful polish equal to any
wood now used in the manufacture of
furniture. In the forests throughout
Ontario birch grows in abundance,

especially if the land is not too boggy.

There is a great difference in the wood
of different sections. Where the land
is high and dry the wood is firm and

clear; but if the land is low and wet
the wood has a tendency to be soft and
of a bluish color. In all the northern
regions it can be found in great abun-
dance; and as the trees grow to such
great size, little trouble is experienced
in procuring it in large quantities.-
Toronto Globe.

Description oi a Poiaio Wanted.

Bro. Cobb .-—I see in the VISITOR an
account of a potato called the \Vhite
Elephant. I would like to have a full
description of the potato, quality,
depth of eye, early or late, good shape,
what soil is desirable for its cultiva-
tion. I follow retailing my produce to
families in the city of Portland. My
success depends upon the quality of4
vegetables and fruit I produce. Can
you describe the potato in the Visrron ‘.‘

Yours fraternally,
JACOB .l<)ii.\'soN.
EAST Poarnsxn,
Multnomah Co., Oregon, g
January 6, 1883.

[VVill some one answer these enqui-
ries from a brother many thousand
miles away. It is likely the informa-
tion will be of use to many others
besides this Oregon Patron.—En.]

Down with the Blind Bridle.

The _lm«,r1'«'u/L I"/11'/ml‘, in <[H‘1ll{lii_i_{‘
against the use of the blind l)l'lill1,‘. .<u}'<:
"\Vc know not who invcntml this in.-:tru-
mcut of ll0l'Si‘ lUl'llll'¢’. but we know that
he did not un«lc1'si:uul the zmuiomy llllll
liliysioln-_f_\' of the eye of :1 l)ui'.-*0. Hu-
mun \‘i.<im1 is l,|lil(iL‘ill1ll'—--lllitl i<. \\'e we
the some 0l)jc(-t with both (')‘i,*< -—-imil so
:ulju.~:ttl1c axis of vision than the object
appears single, though soc.-11 with both
eyes. But the cycs of the lmrsc urn:
placed on the side of the head and the
axis of each eye is 1io3u1‘l_\' at right
angles with the longitiuliuul line of the
body, so that it is impossible that the
same object can be distinctly seen with
two eyes. Now, by biniling the cyel in
the direction in which it \\':1.~'. intcmled
in its con.-truction that it slmulcl see, it
is forced to use an oblique vision, as if
we should cover the front. of our optics
and be compelled to see only by the
‘corner of our eyes. This llllll:illll‘2il mul
constrained use of the eye must, to :1
greater or less extent, impair vision, if
not entirely (l(f.~‘ll‘O)‘ it. The object for
which the bliml britllc i-r use-«l is not ac-
coniplisliod by it. A l1ors«:~ is more
readily friglitcncd when he (‘.’illll()l'. see
the object of his <l1‘c:ul than if he (‘fill
have ll fair view of it. But it is .<urp1‘i.-:-
ing to observe with what Icixacity nmn
hold on to an 1l.l)>‘lll'(l fll)(lCl‘ll(‘l priu-ii(:o_
when a xuoiuuni‘.-, reflection ’\\‘l)ill(l [¢‘:lL'll
them better‘. l‘.'inci(3cn out of I‘/\'('lll‘\’
ll()l'S(‘S you :-we in liurni-.-< l)2lVi.‘ :1 bliml
bridle on, anal if you 1i~.‘l{ the m\'n4-1‘ to
explain its l)(’iiI.‘lll.>‘, or why ll»; il\‘Cs‘ it,
he will be utterly unable to give a 1'3-
tional zmsivcr. We are not <111'pris:<.-ii
that d1-:uigl1t horses are sul-j»-ct to «lie-
Clbiiil c_\'i;-.~,< ~\\'(: ivomlci‘ that flu.-y are
not all blind."

. “.1 e m-__._._

Temper of Cream.

The icnipcring of cream is one of the
most important operations in butter-
muking. This is in-'peci:illy true in cold
weather. The «li1l'ercnt pztrts of cream
are aflcctcd <lltl'c1‘ently by heat. A can
of cream may be placed in a kettle of
hot water and heated till the thermom-
eter indi<-:4tc.< Gildeg. to tibileg. without
having llO.'ll.8(l the butter globules in the
cream at all. This will not onlinarily
be the case, it is true, but it is liable to
be, and it is approximately so in all
cases where the heating is rapid. Cream
should be kept warm for several hours
before churning that it may become
\\':irnu,-il through. Or, if it is necessary
to temper it l1{ls‘ill_\', it should be raised
consiilcrably above the churning tem-
perature and sufl'u,-rcil to fall back, which
it will do in a short time.

-——————<-.—<>——j-

Forest Tree Planting.

AN INTERVIEW WITH A PRACTICAL TREE-
PLANTER.

Mr. A. R. Whitney, of Franklin Grove,
Ill., well known as a successful nur-
seryman, orchardist. and forest-tree
planter, was lately interviewed in the
presence of one of the editors of the
Farmers’ Review, by a gentleman who
has recently entered a timber claim in
Dakota. The replies of Mr. Whitney to
the questions propounded him, were ex-
actly such as will give to men, every-
where, who have located similar claims,
the precise information they desire, and
they were noted down for the general
good of the tree-planting public—a pub-
lic rapidly augmenting in numbers in
all the Western States and Territories.
What Mr. Whitney says upon this sub-
ject is based on personal experience
running through more than half an or-
dinary lifetime. He knows the West as
he knows his own farm and orchard.
We believe this interview one of the
most valuable contributions to practical
horticultural knowledge that has ap-
peared for many a day. The talk was
conducted in about the following style.

Claim Owner—Mr. Whitney, in com-
mon with many persons from in county,
I have been up north tosee “T e Prom-
ised Land.” and, as most people do who
go there. I have located a claim under
the homestead act. I am going to Da-
kota to make my home, and I want you
to give me all the information you can,
consistent with old friendship and good-
nature, concerning planting a forest and
its after care.

Mr. Whitney—What I know is at your
service. —.

In the first place, -how sha1lI prepare
my land? It is high and dry prairie.

Break, and raise one or more cropsof
wheat, or other small grain, before be-
ginning your fore-st plantation. The
second year, plow and prepare your
land as you would for corn. Harrow
and mark out, four feet each way. Plant
in Spring, sure, as soon as the ground is
in good condition.

How 0141 should my trees be, from
seed? :"_,~

One or two years, according to variety.

How much help will I need to do my
planting?

Three men make a good team for for-
est tree plant1ng——two with spades and
one to carry the trees. They first take
a row each, and prepare the holes.
The carrier thrusts the trees in, and
the men with the spades compact
the soil about the trees. In dry soil
pack it firmly; in wet soil this will not
i 0.

How many trees can these three men
set in a (lay ?

From 3,600 to 4,500 in ten hours.

How deep should the trees be set?

From one to two inches below the col-
lar.

How many trees do I need per acre,
planted in this way?

Twenty-seven hundred and twenty.

What varieties would you advise me
to set‘?

The kinds that do best in your locality.
if there are any plantations, or native
trees about you.

There are no trees near by but the
cotton-wood.

Then set the black walnut, butternut.
green and white ash, soft maple, and
box elder, or ash-leaved maple, and the
cotton-wood also, if you like it.

Shall I plant each variety by itself?

Yes, with the exception of the wal-
nut and butternut. To make valuable
trees these latter must be set from one
to two rods apart each way. The other
trees act as nurses to them. Walnuts
by themselves do not succeed set four
feet each way. In after years, in thin-
ning out, you leave the walnuts and the
timber becomes valuable. Deciduous
trees are never seen growing near ma-
ture walnut trees. They die out of
themselves if not removed.

Can Igrow any kind of crop among
my young trees ?

No, sir.

Shall I cultivate them in any W V?

Cultivate for two years as you would
corn-—just as faithfully, but not later
than you would corn, or you will get an
aftergrowth that will not mature.

Do the black walnuts transplamwell?

Yes, sir, if you cut the tops down to
six or eight inches before planting.

Do any or all of these varieties of
trees need after pruning?

But very little. If more than one
leader, cutback all but one to within
six inches of the body. This will give
you a well shaped tree- Do the pruning
after the leaves fall and before freezing.

Is it not better for me to plant seeds
where I want the trees than to plant the
seedlings?

My experience is that it is not best. If
you want to plant the seeds, plant in
nursery rows and cultivate one season
before transplanting.

I hear a great deal about the catalpa
of late. You do not mention it in the
list you gave me. Will it not do for
me ‘!

Your location is too far north. It is
doing well in Green and Ida counties,
Iowa, about the latitude of Milwaukee.
I would not recommend it farther north,
though it sometimes does well.

With my plantation nicely established.
with trees four feet apart, when should
I begin to thin them out?

Eighth to tenth year, according to
growth.

How many should I remove?

Every other row running north and
south. This will give the remaining
trees more air and sun.

At what time of year shall I do this
thinning?

Do it in August.

Why 

If you cut in August and let the trees
remain untrimmed till Winter you get
better wood for fuel or any other farm
purpose. Besides this, the young suck-
ers from the stumps will start and be
killed by the succeeding Winter. and the
next year none will appear to amount to
anything.

To what economic use besides fuel can
I put these saplings?

Use them for fence posts and to spike
on in place of boards to complete the
fence; for poles and stakes and other
uses.

When will it be necessary. or useful,
to again thin out? _ ' _

In four or five years begin thinning
the other rows, removing every other
tree, or the weaker ones.

Of the different kinds of timber you
have advised me to plant which, in your
opinion, will prove the most remuner-
ative"

Ash and soft maples will give the
quickest returns. The walnut will be
most valuable, but it will be later.

I have a few acres of rather low, wet
land. Can I plant any kind of trees to
advantage on this land?

Yes, the willow, either the golden or
the gray, sometimes called white. Cul-
tivate and thin out the same as the
other plantation. You may >(ll'.81I.i the
land and plant the other varieties as I
have told you.

Can I allow any kind of stock to run
in my timber lot? _

After the fourth year you can admit
either sheep or calves. You must pro-
tect from stock when young or your
plantation will be ruined.-—Fa7'me'ra
Review.


is go business experience.

2

ii»-

SCO0L(.‘R(Al<‘T,  FEBRUARY]

, rmigc iiigfiiar

25
50
5 00

Single copy, six moIlths,-------_
Single copy, one year, -__-._._--
Eleven copies, one year -_-__--.
To ten trial subscribers for three
months we will send the VIsI-
for --_--__-----_-_-.—---—------$1 00
Address, J. '1‘. COBB, Schoolcraft,
Mich.
Sample copies free to any address.

INDEX TO THIS NUMBER.

Our Agricultural Interests-Why Should We
've up the_old Farm? — Johnny Ap lesee_d.-

e Man who had a Mania for lantiug
Apple Trees—A Substitute for Black Wal-
nut—Discription of a Potato wanted— Down
with the Blind Bridle—Temper of Cream—
Forest Tree Planting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

The State Capitol Engraving—Th.e Senatorial
Tussel—Delinquents Take l_.\1otice—Present
Policy of the State in Caring for the In;

Farmers Institute——Pla.ster! Plaster!-—Report
of the Mutual Insurance Committee on the
"Standard Policy” CommissIon—B.ailway
Passes in the Legislature — Kalamazoo
County_ Farmers’ Institute—Notices of
Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

"Resurgam"- “Do with all thy Might"—C0l1
stitutional Amendments Etc —Agncultutal
College Notes—ln the Mountains of Utah

-— An Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Gov. Jerome and the State Grange-The_ Pres-
ident's Well-Grounded Recommendations-
Report of Committee on Transportation at
the Tenth Session of the Michigan State
Grangs——Kent County Grauge—BerrieI_i
County Pomona Grange—Ad'.el'tiBBl11el1t8 '7

In Meu1oriam—The Double Su rise-Duties
of Railroads-.—Circular of the tate Normal
Sc'hool—~-The Markets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Eve bod —-Wh the De art-

A rggdikise fS0liort—F3i*om in OldyYouth-—Ii,)iver
and Harbor Bill No. 2-—Ap ellant Laws——
“Under the Curse"——Hil sdale Pomona
Grange No. 10 - -The Reaper Death . . . . . . 7
l[onopoly’s Methods -Treaty With Mexico-—
"The Sweet by and by."—A Frisco Romance
-—Daniel Webster's Marketing ——-‘ What
Wears out the Soldiers-A Rough S:ory—
Advertisements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Siiiilaus hiiilmul.

J. T. Coma, SCHOOLCRAFT.

THE sum: CAPITOL ENGRAVING.

We have sent several dozen litho-
graphs of the State Capitol to those en-
titled to them by virtue of having sent
us five or more names of subscribers
and $2 50, since our -ilferin the VisI'i‘oR
of March 15th. If we have neglected
to send to any person entitled to this
fine engraving we shall promptly for-
ward it on receipt of notice.

UNTIL wI'rIIDRAw.\' THIS Is MADE
A STANDING 0FFER—FIVE NEW SUB
SCRIBERS FOR ONE YEAR WILL ENTI
TLE THE PER ;-3N SENDING US THE
]§,;)(Es AND $2.50 ro A SPLENDID
LITHOGRAPH on THE STATE CAP!
TOL or MICHIGAN, SIZE 01-‘ SHEET

22x28

\

INCHES.

ll-IE SENATORIAL TUSSEL.

Our official duties :0 COlIlpleIt-ly en-
gnssed our time when in Lansing last
week that we failed to interview mem-
bers on the senatorial question. Two
or three lhing=, how'ever, cane to ‘.he
surface to which wem-is-t refe . First.
Three months ago personally, we were
aeither Ferry nor an i F rry.

Second, We knew, as vie know now,
that as a matter of- right and justice so

i the ag iculfural clasw of the great Sta‘e

of Michigan that the Senator elected
by this L‘gislatizre should be selected
from this class. He should be arepre-
seutative farmer of bi- ad views and
But we
haie felt it in our bones t: at no such
man would be elected, and up to this
winter no such man appears to have
been thought of by the men whose
prerogative it i: to make Senators.
Third. VVe find that in this Legisla-
ture are twenty-six Grangers and that
no Granger in the State has received a
single vote for Senator. We hope
that some uf these apprehensive f-l-
lows who are always afraid these
Grangers are giing into p.litics in a
body, will make a note of this and *9
member it at least until we have an
other election.
Fourth. We said at the outset We
were neither Ferry nor anti-Ferry
three months ago. From what came
to us incidentally while at Lansing
we are now anti-Ferry without dis
count or abatement. While it may
not be true, yet the statement came to
us 30 direct that we received it as true,
that Ferry asks his supporters to stick
to him every day until, the fourth of
March if no election is had before that
time. If we were of that body and had
voted regularly every time our name
was called, for Thos. W. Ferry. we
should, regardless of precedent or

friendship, from the moment that we

were satisfied the Ferry machine was
up be run in such ‘utter disregard of
the public interest, give our vote and
influence to some other mans; _The
very fact that he secured rooms early
his lobby, and has himself re-
formed in Lansing to generalissamo
fizlfol-egg is good and suflicient reason
f re udigflng Mr. Ferry. He isa
or gt; under obligation to the State
ifgelrorm faithfully and to the best
of his ability we “we” mt pertain
m this high. and responsible cfliu.

lls he doing so? No. DJGS he furn-
ish any good reason for abandon-
ing his work for weeks‘? So.
Can the business of the people be safe

ly entrusted tothe hands of a man
whose selfishness stands out so pronii

nently as to disgust even his friends.‘
‘No. Is Mr. Ferry so stupid that he
cannot see the manifest determin.-l

tion of the people torepudiate the In -1’
chine politician of which he is just

. now a conspicuous example?

Mr. Ferry's chances for Senatorial
succession would have been better had
he been attending steadily to business
in Washington since Dec. 1st. Th
time will come when the supporters or
Mr. Ferry will abandon him and we
think it will be before the 4th of
March. We hope so for the repute tir-n
of the State. '

Fifth. We have learned that some
of the most active friends of Senator
Ferry will endeavor to concentrate their
strength and influence in favor of Thos.
W. Palmer of Detroit and as we have
been enquired of as to certain charges
prejudicial to Mr. Palmer. which ap-
peared in the GRANGE VISITOR in the
year 1850. we have copied from the July
1st number of that year a political cate
chism. The crookedness implied in
this catechism met with no more
than a flat denial at the time
by the press that was most earn-
estly pushing his eflorts to secure
the nomination for Governor. This esti-
mate from the Lansing Republican was
written at the time this little bit of his-
tory was new and fragrant with the com-
pulsory restitution by this candidate for
Senatorial honors. We have no malice
toward Mr. Palmer, but we have great
pride in Michigan, and should be sorry
to see her record tarnished by the pres-
ence in the the United States Senate as
one of the representatives of a confessed
trespasser upon her property. set apart
for the support of its educational inter-’
ests.

POLITICS our or run GRANGE —POL1T[
CAL CATEOHISIH.

Question —What constitutes the pri-
mary school fund of Michigan ?

Answer—The proceeds of sales of land
granted by the United States to the peo-
ple of this State for educational pur-
poses.

Q.——Which land was so granted?

A.—The sixteenth section of every
township in the State is reserved.

Q.-—How is this disposed of ?

A.—Either for cash in full, or orie-
auarter cash and the remainder on time
at seven per cent interest annually.

Q.—Is there any distinction in the pri-
mary school lands?

A.-—Yes; the lands which contain val-
uable pine lands are held at a higher
price than the lands valuable only for
agricultural purposes.

Q.--HOW is the quality of land deter-
mined ?

A.—Applicants who wish to buy pri-
mary school lands at the lowest price
must make aflidavit that they contain no
pin» timber, and are valuable for agricul-
tural purposes only.

Q-—What is meant by a passage at
the top of page seven of the last annual
report of the Commissioner of the State
Land Oliice for the year ending Sept.
30, 1879, in which there is said to have
been collected $54,184.92 principal, and
$206 78 expenses. for the conveyance of
certain tracts of primary school lands,
part paid. stripped; and certain other
tracts part paid, stripped, and forfeited,
at $4 per acre?

A.—This means that some person
bought the land from the State as pri-
mary school land, paying 81 per acre
down, then cut oil" the valuable pine
timber, omitting to pay the remaining
33 due, or the Interest and taxes there-
on, and in case of certain tracts, al-
lowed the land to be forfeited to the
State ?

Q.—-How did this effect‘ the primary
school funds?

A. ~It was robbed on every acre of
land, principal and interest; and the val-
uable timber was cut off, so that the
land could probably never be sold for
any price; while if its true value had not
been misrepresented by perjury, the
schocl fund would have received a much
larger sum.

Q -To whom was the original certifi-
cate of primary school lands issued for
these tracts ?

A.—To the late Charles Merrill, of
Detroit, several years ago.

Q.—Who repurchased the lands, ani
paid the large sum of $4,391.70 for the
conveyance of them and expenses? _
A.—Thomas W. Palmer. of Detroit,
son-in-law of Chas. Merrill.

Q.-—What could have induced Mr. Pal-
mer to make so large an investment In
lands stripped and forfeited ?

A.—The commissioner's report does
not show. but from its being classed
among the collectors for trespass. there
is good reason to believe that the State
trespass agent, under the law, seized
certain pine logs cut by Mr. Palmer s
authority and that the matter was set-
tled by the above large payment, rather
than allow it to go into t e courts.
Q.-—Was there any further transaction
of the same tried?

A.—The next annual report of the
land commissioner will show.

LAND Looxnn.

July 16th, 1868, the Lansing Republi-
can in an editorial says:

“The supreme court in the case of
Heather and Allison vs. the Commis-
sioner of the State Land Office has re-
fused with costs the application of the
relators for a mandamus. This disposes
of the rights claimed by E. B. Ward,
Tom Palmer, and their compeers. Band-
ed together to steal the unsold_ pine
lands of the State. under the claim of
-legal title, they have been_bea.ten. The
sale which will take place in September,
will be for cash, and the State will
realize from the lands not less than one
million of dollars.”

The article from which we quote
-winds up as follows: A

"The policy of the State is trium-
phant, and proves a certain death-blow
to the hopes of the bonded aristocracy
who, if successful. would have been
made rich at the expense of the people.
This land will be sold at its value to all
who wish to buy. and will fall into ti‘-. '
hands of hundreds of in -~i. instead
a half dozen men -...o were willing I.
stake their al1.for the money. Farg-

TEE SSAKSE FZSETSB.

well to the devoted, unselfish swiimp
land angels.”

This charge oftiespass was conferred
$4 000, and i. is anirnpertinence on the
part of the 'riends o" Mr Palm:-r io
underttke to push him to the front.
The ;o itical party that undo: takes lo
carry such weights invites burial at
the hands 0 its friends

DELINQUENTS TAKE NOTICE.

A

We shall make up our annual list 0
Masters and Secretaries Feb. 15. Names
of Masters dud Secretaries not reported
to us before that date will of necessity
be omitted.

Tl'iE report of the committee‘ on pat
ent rights at the late State Grange which
was adopted, invites the Subordinate
and Pomona Granges of the State to
take such definite action in the matter
as will bring to the knowledge of Sena-
tors and Representatives in Congress
their desire for the immediate passage
of the bill known as the Burrows Bill
which passed the House of Representa-
tives and now awaits the action of the
Senate. We suggest that every Grange
s-t forth by a preamble or statement of
fact, the annoyance, injury and loss
to which every individual who- uses any
modern implement or invention. is lia-
bile, and forward such statement with
the action of the Grange thereon to their
Representative in Congress and to both
the Senators from this State. This, to
say the least, will be rZz'fi'e/-mt. from the
customary petition and will show these
legislative gentlemen two things. First.
that the Grangers are not all dead; and
secondly, that they know what they
want and why, and don't mean to sub-
side until their wants in this matter are
complied with.

WE were at Lansing on the 23-1 and
24th uIt.. to attend the annual meeting
of the Superintendents of the Poor and
Union Association. This association in-
cludes all persons interested ofiicially or
otherwise in charitable institutions and
societies and seeks to systematize nec-
essary work, did use a knowledge of bet-
ter methods, and by a better personal
acquaintance and an interchange of
v ewe and experiences promote harmo-
nious action, ask for intelligent legisla-
tion and by this recognition of the bene-
fits of co-operation, secure some of its
benefits. The day sessions were held
in Pioneer Hall, in the State Capitol.
The evening sessions in the hall of the
House of Representatives. This was
the tenth annual session and proved we
think of greater interest and real value
than any that preceded it, The subject
of the paper read by us, involves ques-
tions both economic and humane of vital
interest to the people of the State. We
therefore thought it might be properly
presented to our readers. Aside from
this there were several valuable papers
read and discussed. We hope to find
time and space to review some of those
papers soon. '

WE have had frequent enquires from
all parts of the State as to the reliability
of Mr. B J. Zudzense, emigration agent,
whose advertisement was in the Visitor:
last fall, and whose communications
have since appeared in our columns.
These enquirers have all given orders to
Mr. Zudzense for help, and as the aver-
age white man ' is somewhat uncertain
they want their confidence strengthened.
We learn too that the parties at the
other end of the line are also somewhat
anxious. On their part they want addi-
tional assurance that the o. ders roceived
by the agent [are from good bona fida
parties. We also learn that the Grange
of the United States is favorably known
to these people. We are therefore glad
of an opportunity to assure both parties
that we have good reason to believe, and
do believe that Mr. Zudzense is acting
in good faith as an emigration agent,
and on the other hand the persons who
have sent this agent orders for men or
women help are of the most reliable
class of citizens. The people, who have
made these orders for help. mostly
Patrons of Husbandry—~farmers—have
ordered what they want, will treat the
persons who are sent them well, and pay
them just what they agree, no more or
less. We hope the enterprise will be a
success.

WE are under renewed obligations to
Hon. Wm. B. Williams, late Railroad
Commissioner, for a copy of his tenth
annual report. Also to Deputy Commis-
sioner Ransom for favors from the Com-
missioner's office. With the report, 18- a
valuable railroad map of both the upper
and lower peninsulars, showing their
lines and connections very distinctly.
and also township and county subdivis-
ions. We hope to find time soon to care-
fully examine the report; and when we
do, shall giveonr readers a summary of
some parts of it.

SEND postal card with mime and ad-
dress plainly written, to H. C. Davis,
Ass’t G'eneral Passenger Agent, St.
Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba R. R.,
St. Paul, Minn., for full particulars
and sectional map of North Dakota
country. See advertisement headed
“320 Acres Free.”

A CIRCULAR from D. Putnam, Acting
Principal of the State Normal School,‘
extends a general invitation to persons
intending to become teachers to -.«v..i.
themselves of the advaiztxga which this
State institution furnish .-.

and cl ncheal by the payu eut of over‘

‘PRESENT POLICY OF THE STATE IN CAR-

ING FOR THE INSANE.

“The present policy of the State ix
caring for the insane” is the subject
assigned us for consideration. It may
seem, perhapa, a liitle presumptous
for us to assume to present opinions
upon a siihjoct that has been given
over to a very considerable extent to
the direction of scientific gentlemen
not only in this but in all the other
States.

It may readily be inferred that if the
policy of the State had met our un-
qualified approval we should have
promptly declined a consideration of
the subject. and have been ready to
join with the statesmen and philan-
thropists of Michigan who seldom
lose an opportunity of landing her in-
stitutions. Less than half a century
has passed since Michigan assumed
the position, dignity and independ-
ence of a State, and in that brief time
she has taken a stand second to nonein
fostering education and charitable in
stitutions. He University takes rank
with the first educitional institutions
in the land. Her common school sys-
tem is perhaps as complete as that of
any other State. Every village has its
graded school, where not only the
common English branches are taught,
but often the languages and all the
iutermed late studies.

She was the first State to establ sh
an Agricultural College, the first to
try the experiment of founding a
State school for indigent children.
Nor has she been less liberal toward
the unfortunate.

“With open-handed philanthropy”
the blind have been provided for at
Lansing, the deaf and dumb at Flint,
the insane at Kalamazm and Pontiac,
and responding to apressinz demand,
her Legislature has generously appro
priateda large sum of money to pro-
vide s;ill other accommodations for
people who must be restrained and
protected by the State. The criminal
class who have run the gauntlet of the
courts and received their sentences are
provided with accommodations at Lin-
sing, Adrian,Ionia, or Jackson. Butin
looking over the field we find that
with all this preparation to educate;
this vast outlay to restrain the vicious
and criminal class, and such extensive
preparations to care for the deaf, dumb,
blind and ipsane, the needs of the lat-
ter class are increasing faster than in
our liberality we have been able to
provide. Statistics show that in our
two State institutions but one half of
the insane and demented persons of
the State are now C)‘_lllI19(l3 the other
half, not less than 1,000 in all, are in
piorhouses or among the people—the
State has no room for them.

With these unpleasant facts staring
us in the face it seems eminently prop-
er to inquire into, discuss and criticise
the policy of the State. That the
State as such is willing to do its full
duty to each and every dependeni
class no one will deny. That its p0ll-
cy is not soundis shown by the fact
that the demand for more room ex-
ceeds the supply so largea part of the
time. It is the purpose of this paper
to bri-.-fly assign some reasons for this
condition of things so unfortunate for
those who from time to time are over-
taken with this mental malady that
destroys the value of life itself.

The present policy of the State in
caring for the insane, prompted asit
is by good intentions, seems to us in
its practical application to be wanting
in the very essential elements of hu-
manity and economy. Under the
present system of constructing pala-
tial buildings for all the insam-.,so much
time is necessary that comparatively
few who bec ‘-ms insane receive at once
the best medical treatment, which for
our present purpose we shall pre
sume our State institutions furnish
those who are committed to their care.

That prompt treatment, so soon
as mental disease is clearly de-
veloped is of vital importance,
and that on such treatment large-
ly depends the chances of cure,
we believe is one of the funda-
mental facts in the theory and expe-
rience of the medical profession.
That every week's delay inter-poses
greater difficulties to the skill of the
physician is everywhere accepted as
true.

The policy of the State so far has
been to erect mammoth establish-
ments aud equip them with every con-
venience that modern civilization has
devised, and with little restriction as
to cost. Here, then, when completed,
are congregated several hundred of
these unfortunates, preference being
given to the inmates of county houses,
who, two years after their admittance
to one of these, institutions become
the wards of the State for the rest of
their lives if not claimed by friends or
discharged cured. .

These costly structures have been
filled as soon as completed, and
“meantime the mental malady goes
on,” apparently increasing in greater
ratio than popoulation, and the State
two years or more behind in its prepa-
rations to adequately provide for the
insane, seeks to maintain its estab-
lished reputation for liberality in
its support of State institutions. And

lose an opportunity to claim for Mich-
ads. a place in the front rank of States
most noted. for their benevolent and

chari ble enterprises.

our public men and ofllcials seldom '

From a paper entitled “Hospiials_
and Asylums for the insane; shall we
distinguish between them and pro-
vide for the latter at less expense,"
by Henry VV. Lord, a former Secretary
of the State Board of Charities,
and Corrections We find some valuable
statistics and suggestions. He esii
mates that the investment in domi-
cile accommodations in first-class in
stitutious hr each patient is nearly $2,-
000; and the average cost of mainte-
nance and attendance when all items
are included is $5 per week, or about
$7 31 per week, if six per cent interest
on the money invested is considered, as
it should be, entering as it does as a
rule into taxation from year to year.

Records and statistics show that of
all the inmates but a small percentage
are permanently cured. Not less than
80 or 90 per cent must have “shelter
and protection,” without a reasonable
hope of recovery or of very consider
able mental improvement.

The question, then, presented by this
fact is this: Cannot our incurable insane
be cared forin such manner as to meei
all their actual wants-—in short, to
make them as comfortable as they are
now—-at one-half the cost, or even less’!
To securely keep and comfortably
maintain an epileptic, or a poor, de-
mented wreck of humanity, must we
first make a permanent building in-
vcsiment of $2,000?

The poor we not only have with us
alwsy, but those who are dependent
are all the while on the increase, and
three-fourths of those for whom we
build these costly institutions are from
the indigent or pauper class. There-
fore it is a matter of first importance
to determine how the charity which
we must bestow shall be most effect-
ive.

If, as has been assumed by those
physicians who are specialists in re-
gard to insanity, that "expensive hos
pitals, of magnificent exterior and
costly finish, supplied with every
requisite suggested by science, and
conducted by men of special reputa-
tion in their several departments,” are
essential as remedial and curative
agents for those whose mental malady
is still within the reach of human
skill, then has our State to this unfor
tunate class done its full .~hare and
more, for we are to-day providing ex-
tensive hospital accom modations for
several hundreds who are incurable
and have been for many years, as de-
termined by the highest authorlty in
this department of medical science.

\Ve are not disposed at this time to
discuss, or take exception to the theo
ry that for hospital purposes the policy
of the State is correct; but if so small
a percentage of those admitted to these
State institutions are permanently
cured, it seems proper and reasonable
to inquire whether a large per cent of
those pronounced incurable by the
highest medical authority, should
through all the remaining years of
their lives occupy such expensive
quarters, to the exclusion under the
present policy of the State of those
who, by reason of recent mental un-
soundness, offer hopeful cases of treat-
ment, could such treatment be had at
once under the most favorable condi-
tions.

If the facts are as alleged, that in
mental diseases the chances of recov-
ery diminish with every day’s delay
in providing ‘ curative treatment;
with the best conditions and surround
lugs; ifa diseased mental condition is
liable to become chronic if the cause is
not early removed; if our State inst.‘-
autions are now fiiled to their utmost
capacity and nearly as many more in-
sane are in our poor-houses, jails, pris-
ons, and cared for by friends; if more
than one half of those now in our asy-
luuis have been pronounced incurable
by the medical authorities in charge
ofthese institutions, it seems none too
soon to question the policy of the State
in caring for the insane.

Conceding the duty of the State to
provide hospital accommodations and
curative treatment for this dependent
class, the great and fatal mistake into
which it has fallen seems to have been
in not providing seasonable asylum
accommodations for all those who in
the opinion of the best medical author-
ity are consigned to that condition of
hopelessness that demands simply
shelter, protection and such maintain-
ance as shall make them as comfort-
able as possible. This need not and
does not require a palatial habitation
with such expensive appointments as
belongtoand go to make up one of
our modern hospitals.

There isa distinctive difl'erence in
the meaningot the two words “hos
pital” and “asylum,” generally used
interchangeably. While an asylum is
3 place of “shelter, protection, and
refuge,” its real significance does not
include the curative means or proces-
ses which pertain toand are a part of
ahcspital. In our care and manage-
ment of this unfortunate class we, as a
State, have overlooked this important
distinction, and practically combined
the objects of hospital and asylum in
one building and under one manage-
ment. What has been done is more
creditable to our philanthropy than to
your business sagacity.

In treating this. whole subject, the
State, through its constituted an-
thorities, has failed to comprehend all
these facts. and has expended money
enough to provide not only hospital

l’l;‘Bl{ UARY 1, 2883.

care and treatment, but also asylum
accomiuodations for every insane per-
son in t v.-State, and yet butabout one-
halfof the class so ;-riiicted are now
mcupants of State institutions.

If, with the completion of our fii.-st
hospital known as the K-.1-.in:.zoo

Asylum, we had supplemented that-

work by the construction. at one fifth
of the cost of the I’ untiac institution,
ofau asylum for the incurable insane,
with ample provision to meet all their
wants, and had builc other asylums as
needed. by the use of perhaps even
less money than the State has already
expended, we shoul I not have
been in that deplorable condition that
we find ourselves to-day—uiiable to
furnish either us_\ lum or hospital ac-
commodations for nearly our-half the
insane of the State. We have referred
to a paper of Henry W. Lord.
His classification of the inmates of a
hospital of I300 insane pi-TSOHS is painful-
ly instructive, but as he has had unus-
ual facilities for forming an intelligent
opinion, we are prepared to believe
that his vlassfication and conclusions
are reliable. Referring to a building
constructed for the accomodation of
(300 insane, we quote from his paper
as follows :

Among the 600 involved in this great
calamity, there will be found at least 50
epileptice, with scarce a prospect of
cure as to one of them. These give the
medical superintendent more anxiety
than all the rest, and are more disturb-
ing to the household; they should never
be sent to such an institution, if possi-
ble to provide for them otherwise.

There will be found from 30 to 50 pa-
tients whose malady is euphoniously
called dipsomania, many of whom,
though wildly, often violently or dan-

gerously insane when committed to the
institution, are cured within 24 hours,
and permanently cured, if permanently
restrained; but they rarely stay long
before means are taken to discharge
them. and in ii few weeks they are dis-
charged cured——sonie of them perhaps
several times each, and their cases go to
make up the average of recoveries in
official reports. In this afflicted com-
munity of 600, the victims of vicious
practices will equal in number the epil-
optics and the intemperate combined.
There will be at least 100 of them, and
these. the most miserable, disgraced and
degraded of all, are generally so far de-
morslized, both in body and mind. before
they are sent to an insane asylum, that
nothing of much value in human form
can be reared upon the ruins they
bring, and ass class. in estimating re-
coveries, they have to be almost ex-
cluded from hope.

If there is in the State where our
asylum is supposed to be located, no in-
stitution for the feeble-minded, we shall
find among.the 600 at least 40 who are
in a kind of semi-idiotic (:0l.ldlt.‘OI1, be-
sides such of these as shall be included
in the classes already mentioned. These
are of course to be added to the in-
curable inmates, so far as probabilities go.

There will also be at least 100 elderly
people sulferiniz various degrees If de-
mentia. in many cases the product of
exhausting labor, mental or physical,
complicated with affliction and disap-
pointment; the product not unfra-
quently of poverty and old age, alto-
gether accumulating burdens under
which the limbs totter and the mental
tissues give way. We behold them
through our tears, but are obliged to
deny ourselves expectation of relief
“until after life's fitful fever they sleep
well."

There will also be 25 or 30 patients of
different shades of chronic diseases who
have come from other institutions, or
have been several times before in the
one under consideration. to be added as
probably incurable to those we have
mentioned.

These several classes are of the obvi-
ous and palpable cases apparently with-
out remedy.

There is among those not so specified
a large number that will not recover.
sufliciently large to justify the remark
that in all, but 75 or 80 patients out of
the 600 who may be deemed curable.
While it is probably true that of the 600
under treatment at any one time not
more than 10 or 12 per cent will recover.
it is possible that of the whole number
received in any one year 25 in 100 may
be cured; but as there would be no wa
of designating with more than approxi-
mate certainty, even after some weeks
or months of the treatment in hospital,
which particular patients would m|ke up
the 25 per cent, we will include with
them 15 per cent more, making 40 in
each 100 to be selected from among the
most hopeful, and to be regarded as cur-
able, though we know from experience
and observation that but 25 of them, if
so many, will really recover.

We propose to select after ample time
for study of the several cases in hospital,
forty patients from each hundred re-
ceived, making 240 out of 600. in whose
behalf we will continue the rate of ex-
pense contemplated—82,000 each for
hospital building, or $7.31 each for
maintenanoe—thus leaving 60 in each
100, or 360 of the 600 to be supported on
a different scale of expenditure, though
with equal solicitnde and no less atten-
tion to their comfort. We shall find, if
the scheme is practicable, that such an
abatement of expenses may be made on
the whole as would enable Michigan to
provide well for all of her insane at an
egpense now appropriated to one-half of
t sin.”

Secretary Lord has gone on and elab-
orted his ideas of what an economical
expenditure of the excess sunk in
“monumental establishments" might
accomplish in the comfortable main-
tenance of the demented and insane
who now occupy space to the exclusion
of those recent cases for whom there is
at least a ray of hope. And‘ here it
seems in place to sustain that opinion
and show by evidence calculated to
call in question the economic policy
of the State in its care of the insane, by
citing the experience of the Superin-
tendents of the Poor of Allegan county
in their care of the pauper insane of
that county. In answer to enquiries
addressed to S. S. Dryden, a Superin-
tendent of the Poor of Allegan county,
we received the following reply :

J. T. 0033, -Esq.— Dear Si'r:—-

Yours of the 15th at him and I hasten


FEBRUARY 1, 1863.

.to comply with your request. The

Al’-egan insane asylum was bum in
1876. Its cost was $1,500 W111 ac-
commodate 20 inmates; expense of
“mnmg Del‘ 811111101 $256); cost per
week for each person $2 25; medical
treatment per annum $.30; estimated
cost if house were full $2 00 each, per
week.

_ We commenced with 1-3 incurable
insane returned to us from the asylum
at Kalamazoo. Of this original 15, five,
have been discharged cured, showing
a cure of 33 per cent of the whole
number _pron.ounce-.1 incurable by the
medical auth-irities of the K1l;KYfl‘.IZ 2:)
asylum. VV»2 are highly grafiified
with the experiment, and are fully of
the opinion that quite a large propor-
tion of the number sent to K2Iitm&Z()0
and P-.-ntiac could be better cared for
at home. Yours very truly,

‘S. S. DR.Yl>E'.N'. Supt.

A1.x.i-:o.i\', Wit-.11., Jan 16, 18.83.

It Is often urged that the insane cared
for by counties do not receive that hu-
mane treatment to which they are en-
titled. This is no doubt true. And
the same may said with equal truth
that other inmates of poor houses and
of asylurns and hospitals too for that
matter, do not always receive the care
and attentimi demanded by the best
impulses of the human heart.

The law creating the State Board of
Charities and Corrections was prompt-
ed by a wise consideration for the pub-
lic good and under its operation some
advance has been made. Its work,
yet in its infancy supplemented by
these annual meetings of the superin-
tendents of the Poor and persons inter-
ested in charitable work, will, we trust.

_, '1 in a few years, be seen in such syste
 matized methods of management as

shall better answer the claims of hu
manity on the one hand and economy
on the other.

The people, busy with their own in-
dividual affairs, give little heed to
matters in which they have an actual
interest, but over which they
do not feel to have an y direct or actual
control; and with officials, sometimes
selfish, often with so little knowledge
of human nature as to be wholly unfit
custodians of the wants and necessi-
ties of their feliow-beings, is it any
wonder that we are without a well-
defined humane system for the care of
the dependent class.

But we are all the while
making some progress. Fifty
years ago there were but eight insti-
tution specially devoted to the care and
curative treatment of the insane in
the whole United States. But four of
these were State institutions and they

- bore no comparison to these institu-

tions of modern times. Now there are
of public and private institutions over
eighty, many of them “nnnumental
establishments.”

Much has been done in these years,
and many noble men and women have
given their best thought to this work.
“But the imperfection and consequent-
ly the falibility of human nature are
such that the conduct of an enterprise,
even though it be for charitable pur-
poses, can no more be free from mis-
takes than can the conduct of cachin-
dividual life.”

B y the increase of these institutions
and the increased knowledge which
enlarged experience brings, it was sup
posed that there would be a percep

tible diminution of the percentage of _

insanity in the country. But such ex-
pectation has not been realized. Dr.
Earl of Massachusetts in an able paper
upon “The Management of Insanity
in the American States,” has shown
that with the increase in number of in-
stitutions and with the improvements
in management which fifty years of
earnest work by specialists in this dc-
partment of public charity, the pro-
portion of recoveries of those commit-
ted to these large institutions has actu-
ally diminished.

He says: “The question of the best
system of managing the insane is, as a
broad and general proposition far more
emphatically an unsolved problem
than it was forty years ago. Then it
was apparently solved by the construc-
tion of hospitals; now it has become a
mystery by the inadequacy of hospitals
to accomplish the desired end.”
Again he says : “One thing,
however, may be regarded as
settled—the Hospital for the Insane
is an established fact, a permanent ne-
cessity. The curative institution, fur-
nished with all the munitions appro-
priate to the attainment of its ultimate
object cannot be dispensed with. The
force of circumstances, the stern and
inflexible logic of events has, in most
of the States, compelled the abandon-
ment of the long-indulged hope of
placing all the insane in those amply
equipped institutions which deserve
the title, Hospital. Twenty-five years
ago no human prescience could fore-
see the mass of chronic insanity with
which the States are burdened, much
‘less that greater accumulation which
we now have good reason to believe
awaits them in the future.”

These declarations from a high au-
thority serve to confirm us in the
opinion that the policy of the State in
caring for its insane, is amisizaken one.

‘ . With the small percentage of cures

shown by a careful analysis covering
alarge number of institutions; a de-
c9,de~ of years, and a vast outlay of
means, we are forced to the conclusion
that we are still, to a considerable ex-
tent, groping in the dark; still a long
way from that desired ultimatum,
where the theories, observations, and

. practical experiences of those who

have given time and thought to this

subject, meet on one comm: .-
and give such specific direction to the
care and disposition of our in ' '\ »
ulation as shall secure its
good to this unfortunate ar: depend-
ent class, at such reasonable cost to the
public as will beara consistent relation
to what we are called upon to expend
in the support of other public chari-
ties.

From our stand point of observa
tioy the contrast in cost of caring for
the dependent class in the poorhouses

of the State with that of the incura i,tion which holds its institute annually.‘-

ble, harmless and demented insane
wards of the State under its present
policy. in its palatial institutions is a
subject for enquiry, and clearly calls
for comment and criticism.

It is too late to interpose objections
to the expenditure of money appropri-
ated by the Legislature of 1881 for the
building of another mammoth institu-
tion for the care of the insane, but it is
not too late to raise the inquiry why
an unfortunate epileptic, or a victim
of “vicious practices,” or these de
mented persons referred to by Mr.
Lord, that have been pronounced in-
curable by the best medical authority
we have, should be kept year after year
ata cost to the State, or the county and
State, of a dollar a day, when in our
poor houses all over the State we find
people who by misfortune have come
to require support at the public ex-
pense, that are kept for oncithird the
amount. Either our poor houses should
be made palatial or a large part of
the present inmates of the Kalamazoo
and Pontiac institutions who are IL-
curable should be removed to less ex-
pensive quarters——to AN As\’1.t'M—anr.l
maintained at less than half the pres-
ent cost. The counties are satisfied to
let a worthy old citizen go to
the county house, if also satis-
fied that he will be made comforte-
ble and have kind treatment and be
supplied with papers to read and his
friendly pipe; but the State, composed
of the total of its counties, builds pal-
aces in which it keeps demented
harmless wrecks of humanity by hun-
dreds for years, to the exclusion for
“want of room” of persons who by
reason of recent mental unsoundness
might hope for cure if subjecied at
once to that treatment which the State
generously undertakes to provide.

As we view the situation these ex-
tremes of supporting the pauper poor
in county houses at $2 or less per
week, and supporting this class of de
pendenls of no greater merit in
State institutions at three times
two cost, should more nearly meet.

If the Legislature of 1881 had made
provision for AN ASYLUM, to be com-
pleted that year at a cost of less than
one-fourth of the amount authorized
to be expended for its third institution
for the insane, and authorized the re-
moval of these old chronic incurables

to its new asylum, and in this way
made early provision for the curable
insane of the State, it would have
given better evidence of progress,saved
the State a large sum of money and
really provided for her insane.

In short, what wants to be first un-

; -lerstood is the essential difference be-
;a hospital and an asylum and then a
' practical application of that difference

to the dependant insane.

Tm: annual election of oflicers of Sub-
ordinate Granges is held in December.
but we cannot get out a complete list
in January because the names of all are
not sent us in season.

FARMERS’ INSTITUTES.

The State Board of Agriculture holds
six farmers’ institutes every winter.
These are popular n 1th the people and
are well sustained; they have been a
great benefit to the State and especially
to the Agricultural College. We under-
stand that there are generally many
more invitations for institutes than have
been granted. It is the wish of the
Board of Agriculture to distribute the
institutes in various places. not favoring
any one location.

We learn that the invitations are acted
on about the middle of November, which
is too early for many Granges to think
of acting. They often send in applica-
tions too late. It is just as well to send
them in this winter for action next No-
vember. We understand that most of
the invitations come from Pomona or
Subordinate Granges. This is as it
should be and as we should expect.
Institutes have rarely been held by the
board a second time in the same place.

We mention these things to set the
Granges to thinking, and ._ advise a num-
ber of them, especially if they are some
distance from where any institute has
formerly been held, to make application.
It is desirable to have a good hall and a
good neighborhood, perhaps in a village
where the people can be accommodated.
We think it would be a grand thing if
every thrifty neighborhood of farmers
could hold a rousing institute every win-
ter, and we hope the time will soon come
when the professors of the Agricultural
colleges will have time to help in this
matter. Perhaps they may be induced
to hold more than six next winter, if
there are many good applications from
suitable places. We know that several
of the professors attend other institutes
in our State besides those appointed by
the State Board of Agriculture.

These institutions have the cordial
support of Patrons, and-also of a large
class of farmers who have kept aloof
from the Grange. The prejudices of
class, through the influence of Grange

can e-ssnegjn yrsrsos. 

ground,  w ck that will crop out at these institutes,
. - I be overcome to some extent by these
..:ring:, when all meet on common
"At r‘-  Rrouhd and take P31“)? 0011111109 9011-; !IIlIgIlJ&V€I'Tlt_‘lefl(,'_\' of the mutuals, i’

I
.

.1‘.

fwr-uld be applied to mutual as well an
‘,st«:ck companies, and whether intend
;e:i or not, would go far towards throt

‘sent and general agreement in the etlu- 3, it did not entirely annihilate then.-.

icatronal work of the institute.
I
3 College for their

The ‘State pays the professors at the‘

EAnd when we call to mind the fact
‘ that there are only two stock compan-
1ies organized under the laws of this

time. and We kI10Wth€Y  State, as against .39 mutuals, with their

I,are willing to devote all the time they 190.000 members and one hundred and
3 can consistent with their College duties  finy mmmna of P"°I"“”3' represented-

I
I .
ted by the State board has expanded in

to this work. The 1novementinaugurat-

, your committee modestly conclude to
dictate our own necessities and re
quirements to the Legislature, and not

i many counties into a county organiza- . 19' ‘-119 tall Wag the d“§§ 3“.V 1"Dg91‘-

!These are in the matter of discussions
{frequently not materially tiitferent from
; a Pomona Grange meeting. .

 These institutes are strengthened by
tthe (Frrange, and they in turn exert an
influence for the good of the Order.

PLASTER! PLASTERI

Send forward you;—orders for plaster
to M. B. Church, Grand Rapids, Mich.

To Secretaries; If you are not entire-
ly sure that the Secretary of 1882 sent
us the name of Master and Secretary of

them yourself; please do so at once.

REPORT OF THE MUTUAL INSURANC COM-
MITTEE ON THE “STANDARD
POLICY" COMMISSION.

THE following circular explains itself,
and so well states the wicked purpose of
a few scheming selfish representatives
of stock insurance companies to fetter

that there is little occasion for us to en-
large on the subject. Here are a couple
of facts.
numbers of the farmers of Michigan
have been lnsured in mutual insurance
companies, organized by themselves,
oflicered by farmers, insuring only form
property, and paying only actual losses
ILDLI. actual expenses. The companies
have been a success, and that success
has been adverse to the interest of stock
companies organized for the express
purpose of making money. We are not
at all apprehensive that the scheme of
these sharpers will work. It would be
a cold day for any legislator from an
agricultural district when he is found
supporting this project.

Do not overlook the meeting. Feb. 13.
at Lansing and see that every farmers
insurance company is represented.

To the President and rllcmbers of the
Insurance C’on'vention:-—Your Commit-
zee on Uniform Standard Policy would
respec;fuIly repo.t that they have
carefully examined Act No. 149 ofthe
Se-sion Laws of 1881, authorizing the
Goveror to appoint a suitable person
who with the Commissioner of Insur
ance and Attorney General should
constitute :4 State Board to be known
as the Insurance P. licy Commission,
whose duty would be to adopt a stan
dard form of insurance pulley ‘or use
in this Stafe. The Act of 1881 further
provided that the said Commission, in
framing said policy should do so with
rt-f:rence to certain provisions embod-
ied in the act, such as “fairness be
tween the insurer and insured,”
“brevity and simplicity,” the avoid
ance of technical words and phrases,”
etc-,., etc And the said act, after set-
ting forth in both detail and general
terms the duties of the Commission,
further provided, in section 9 of said
Act 149, that the provisions of the act
should not apply to policies issued by
Farmers’ Mutual Fire Insurance Com-
panies organized under the laws of
this State, or acts amendatory thereof,
and insuring farm risks only.

The above Commission was duly ap-
pointed, entered upon their duties, and
ha -2- made a full report of their
a(:'..iO11, including a standard for of
fire insurance policy of this State,
copies of which are now in our posses
sion. Your committee then carefully
reviewed their action as set forth in
their report, with the following result:
First, the Commission, in coming to
their conclusions, ignored Act No. 149,
claiming that it was infl.-xible and
could not be adapted to the varied ne-
cessities of the insured, and we in ‘us-
tice would say they were doubt ess
correct. The Commission then, under
the powers and privileges derived from
citiz -nship only (as the act creating.-,
the Commission did not requii e it),
framed a bill as a substitute for Act
No. 149, on the provisions of which
they redicated their “Uniform Stan-
dard Policy" for this State.

Your committee labored hard to as
certain from their report whether their
bill and uniform olicy as submitted
mean‘ to include t a mutual :compan-
ies of this State. On examination it
became painfully apparent to 70- r
committee that their labors were ex-
clusively in the interest of stock com-
panies for the following reasons: First,
they claim in their reportt/o have sent
circulars to prominent business men,
lawyers, and to the leading underwrit-
ers of this and other States,» asking
them to submit forms of policy condi-
tions that would meet their approval.
secondly, the whol tenorof the rstan-
dard policy as submitted is only in
keeping with previous policies of stock
companies, save and except making it
uniform. Thirdly, they have not
made the slightest reference to mutual
companies in their re ort, notwith-
standing there is a broa difference in
the modus operandi of stock and mu-
tuals the first beingor anized for div-
idends and profits. whi e the latter is
simply for protection at cost.

Now, from the fact that the mutual
companies of this State are neither
consulted or alluded to in this bill pro-
viding for an uniform standard policy,
it would be charitable to the Commis-
sion to have supposed they meant only
to include stock com anies in its pro-
visions, but on a crit cal examination
of the report, your committee are un-
able to find that mutual companies
were in any way excepted from its pro-
visions, as See. 5 of their bill includes
all companies, without distinction,
not even regarding Sec. 9 of Act 149,
of the Session Laws of 1881. which as
quoted before released mutual com-
panies taking farm risks.

Now if the bill provided by this com
mission should pass the Legislature
withoutamendment, your committee

your Grange, or sure that you have sent 

and injure the farmers of the country.

Under a general law large.

‘ The/'e_fo.?'e be if Re.»-oluetl by {Iris Con
vent.-To-n, That the Chair appoint -
gcurumitte of five from the tivii'—.-rent
3 mutuals of this State to draft a bill
, providing fora uniform policy to be
‘adopted by all mutual companiesof
1 this State 0X'g£tDlZ€=I under Ac»: No. 82
l,of the Session Laws of 1573, or acts
 amendatoiy thereof, except mutua'
rcurupanies organiz-=d under Sec. 22.
, Act No.  of the Session Laws of 1877,
land confined exclusiv: ly to cities and
lvill ages. And the said committee are
‘;hereby instructed to report said bill.
together with a copy of “application”
and “uniform policy” to this “conven-
tion,” which shall adjourn to meet in
this city at 3 o‘clok l’. .\I., on Tuesday.
February 13, 1883, at such place as may
be hereafter provided, for the purpose
of receiving the report of said com-
mittee, and taking such action thereon
as they may deem wise and expedient.
And further, it shall be the duty of

notily all mutual companies in this

' State included under the above resolu-

tion of such adjourned meeting, and of
time, place and purpose for which it is
called. -
All of of which we respectfully sub-
mit. C. \VA'I‘ERBL'RY,
0. I~‘ .\Iu.:.ER,
VV. D. l\IANsi-‘t1«:i.n_
Cnmmitt: 9.

RAILWAY PASSES IN THE LEGISLATURE.

An elibrt was made in the Legisla-
ture at Lsning early in the zessinu
to introd .ce legi-lation prohibiting:
members from accepting tribute from
r2:.iiwa_v corporations in the shape of
free trans p rtatior. The bill was evi-
d-n ly regarded as a very funny joke.
and some jol y fellow immediately
moved its reference to the com-'; itt. e
on railways. The motion was carried
with a Eush, and those innocent but
facetious young men enjoyed a hearty
laugh at tie absurd idea of refusing a
valuable gift merely because it in-
volves personal dishonor.

Man, of these Legislators solemnly
pledged them elves before their elec
tion that they would not use or acc.-pt
any railway p as tendered to them on

ccount oi‘ tflicial position Accom-
panying many 0 these pledges were
opinions condemning the visions and
«ii-honorable practice of accepting free
transportation over the railvnys of
the State by legislative and judicial
uflicers. Since then no one, as far
as we know, has attempted any serious
dsense of the practice except to urg-
that our Representatives 8!‘: not so
weak as to be influenced in their pub-
lic actions by so small a ~ onsideration
as a free pass on the railways of
Michigan. The attempt is made to
laugh the subject down as too insig
nificant to mtrit attention.

These men evidently mistake the
temper of the people on the subject of
bribery and corruption. A whole
sale and systematic purchase of
Legislatures and courts by syn-
dicates of monopolists cannot le
justified and rendered harmless by the
grimaces of the politicians at Lansing.

The amount of the retainer paid by
the railway corporations to each legis-
lator may seem small as‘ a bribe, but it
is sufiicient to secure the best legal
talent in the country if tendered in
the course of business as a retainer.
Then it should not be forgotten that
the gift of free transportation is given
to somany of the people’s servants
that the aggregate value is a large
sum. Of course each person so favor-
ed insists that he could not be infin-
enced by such a consideration, but he
would insist upon the same thing if
the gifts were houses and lots or C‘redz't
Mobilier stock. The corporations are
certainly satisfied with the returns
from their investment. They have
made regular purchases of righteous
judges and virtuous legislators for
years past and the results have always
gone to the credit side of their profit
and loss accounts.

/VVe submit that the free passes given
to our representatives over the four
thousand miles of Michigan railway
are not an insignificant gift, that the
design of the favor is to gain an undue
influence over those who, above all
others, ought to be out of the reach of
such influences; that the design of the
gift has been substantially realized
and the undue influence has been se-
cured. This is shown in the character
of railway legislation or
want of it. It is notoriously im-
possible to secure the passage of
any laws that may be opposed
to the private schemes of the rail-
way corporations. This is peculiarly
dangerous to the best interests of the
people, because the subject of trans-
portation by common carriers is be-
coming more and more a subject of
special legislation.

We believe the people will cultivate
tenacious memories in regard to the
work of their representatives at Lan-
sing and in Washington. The rebuke
contained in the last election, it seems.
is not fully understood or appreciated,
and new lessons must be given at the
next election, independent of political
parties-,and directed personally to those
who have betrayed the trust reposed

 entertains no doubt but its provisions

the '

in them by the people. Legislatures
composed entirely of railroad em-

i-crity of the State.
This sulj-:4 t of free passes is or.c- f
the subjects discussed in Governor BL-

I.-.ture. He says:

of any member ‘would be il;fl_!‘.u('.e«.I

tias'denounced the practice in

.-‘ion. So long as members can go{
home weekly. not only without ex-l
p.-use, but with a reduction of theiri
board bills, Saturday and .\l')LlIiiy will
, be almost wasted, and the session pro-I,
Il.~=~.ged by several weeks.” To say,
,-that the practice is of doubtful
propriety is an extremely mild;
way of putting it. The Gove nor,§
very properly, does not feel called;
upon to say positively that the?
vote of any member “would bet
influenced thereby.” But who shalIE
‘,s.y that votes are not ittiut-need‘,

-the SeCl'“.I8l" of this Convention to .. .0 ~ -. , .
~ L 3 ‘thmeby. l\o one of common sense, }\,,,,,,,,,,Z,,0_

‘can mistake the intention and poli-.-_v ;
,of the railroad officials in this mutter. 2
‘.’I‘ney support a powerful lobby And‘
employ all other means in their power‘,
. for the express purpose of it.iiue.ucing]
- votes in their own favor. As a result}
‘ we see that the subserviency of ltgI:-
. Iruures to the power and influence ofi
railway corporations is one of the most 
notorious and urgent evils of the day. I
The position taken by our legisla-
Iurs seems to be that it is neither dau-
gerous nor dishonorable to accept a ,
proiferetl bribe, provided that the re 1
cipient is possessed of such superhu-
man virtue as to remain wholly unin-
iluenced by what he has received.
They accepted gifts known to be con-
ferred for the sole purpose of concili-
ming special favor and then expect the
people to believe that they will be en-
tirely free and impartial in their of-
ticial action.

WE send out this week blanks for the
canvassers which every Subordinate and
Pomona Grange in the State is expect-
ed to appoint to secure subscribers to
the Vrslron. We hope Masters will see
to it that this work is done; and well
done. Do not forget this is a require-
ment of the State Grange, or if not a
requirement it is a request very strong-
ly emphasized. With these blanks are
blanks for Secretary’s Quarterly Reports
and the questions and suggestions from
the Lecturer of this National Grange for
the use of Subordinate Granges of the
whole country.

OUR Richland correpondent don’t see
things just as we do. The discussion of
religious questions in the Grange are
very properly forbidden by the consti-
tution of the National Grange. and
though not forbidden by the Executive
Committee of the State Grange under
whose direction the VISITOR exists, yet
our observation convinces us that the
“light” which the brother seeks would
bear so small a proportion to the mass
of wordy wisdom that such a discussion
would provoke, that we cannot for a
moment consent to any discussion of re-
ligious theories in the columns of the
Vrsrron.

Mrt. YATES FEBGUS()N wants us
to stop the Vrsrron. For his informa-
tion we say the Vrsrron is like a
clock; when the fifty cents that winds
it up for a year is all used up it will
stop as quick as a clock that has run
down. It won’t hurt Mr. Furguson
to read the VISITOR till he is smart
enough to tell us the name of his post
oflice. If the time for which he sub-
scribed has not expired we shall con-
tinue to send it as before.

M. B. CHURCH, agent of the Alabas-
tine company, Grand Rapids, Mich.. will
supply the Patrons of Michigan with
land plaster of good quality on all or-
ders under a Grange seal. Do not de-
lay, but send in your orders and patron-
ize our Grange plaster mill.

THERE is scarcely any other matter of
business connected with this office that
annoys us so much as the failure of Sec-
retaries to send us in season the names
of the Master and Secretary of their
Grange. —

IN making up several communica-
tions were left over for want of room.

Kalamazoo County Farmers” Institute.

The farmers’ institute of the Hus-
bandman’s Club, of Kalamazoo coun-
ty, will be held at Galesburg, Michi-
gap, in connection with the State In
stitute, on Wednesday and Thursday,
February 7th and 8th, 1883. The dis-
cussion of topics will be opened by
practical men and women, and there
will be ample time for discussion, as
those who follow the essayists will be
limited to flve minutes each. There
will be plenty of good music, both vo
cal and instrumental. The citizens of
Galesburg and adjoining country have
cordially invited us to hold the insti-
tute with them, and entertainment is
fr» ely ofl“ered to all who attend.

The following programme has been
adopted by the Club:

WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1883

Morning Session 10:00 A. .\r.—-Ad-
dress of Welcome, Wm. A. Blake,

Galeshurg.
President’s Address, D. T. Dell,

’I(.'C:{l Sugar Bowl. I“
, Lztnsinj
-.~‘ole’s inaugural message to the I..-vis ‘ ’-‘‘''-‘'v
“The acceptance or ,
free passes on the railroads by niem- igwe,-5_
be-rs of the Lcgislature is of doubtful.
pr-vpriety. I do not say that the vote;

thereby xx hen legislating on the sub- 3
ject of railroads; but at least one party i .3131 T,,1k_
its 
platform. and g ml men of all ‘,.-artie.-,-I
1‘rga1'(I it with disfavur, [,5 P;-acticai, I .-ettticiiles, l’l’('rfe8>50l‘ A J. (‘bola Lan-
etlect is to materially prolong the ses- l “"9-

1(‘.

Vicksburg.

3

I Farm Irnplements and their care,
 H. Marhofl", Galesburg.
Discussion, and Qu--stions and An-

ployes are not conducive to the pros-,-'_.,,.,,r,,

l::lH r*._\r. ——-.\'a-
‘ml: 8. l{.- -fzie,
5’. Assistan‘. l’rot'esser of Chem-
Agrieulttirn‘. College.

Hugs, and how to handle them.

I,)l. cussion, and (gin -tions and An-

Afternoor. St-s-Eon.

Evening Session Tzw l’. _\l.-— Practi-
cal Play.--i()Io::_\', l’ro:’e.-‘sor A J. Cook,
Lansing. Professor of Iintomolcgy,
Agricultural College.

()'.Iestio11S,aI‘.d Answers, and Gen-

l<‘r.1;Rt.\1;\’.\,l>S;~‘.
‘P;I|H ,.\_ ),[ .7111-

TllI'R.'\'l>A\',
r\Iorning Session,

History of the Agricultural College,
Dr T. (3. Abbott, Inmsir-.7. President
of the State Agricultural College.

Q estions, and Answers, and Dis-
cussion. -

Afternoon Session, l:::H 1- .u.-- Busi-
II' SS i\l€etill,J~- lClH:il\)l_| of Uilict rs.
Source of .\'itxogen in Plants, D1‘. R.

l\'er.-zie, Lansing, l’r<>f« ssor of
(‘hr-mistry, State Agricultural College.
The llest Mellluti to Handle’ (,‘l_over,
 TV. (_)sborn,.l:l2endton, Dllcllilgiill.

2.-tut-siori, am. x:<- ions, ant - n-
nVV6I"3.

Evening Session, 7:0") 1’. .\I.~ VI/hat
Snail we do with our Straw 1‘ Geo. L.
SI-e1don,(‘.Iin~.ax.

Dairying, .\Ir:-3.

(4

S. M. ‘Nichols,
l)ist-ussion, and Q11.-stiorrs, and An-
.-wers.

NOTICES OF MEETINGS.

The programme of I-‘armers‘ lll>.1l-
lute at .\Ia:-on, under auspices of the
I ,;.:am (founly (:lrar\ge, is as follows:

\V1-;n:~:r:.<1».u', I~‘i~'t'.r.'1'.-u-'.\' T, 1552:.

.\Iorni11g Se-sion, IH:.“.H A. .\1.—-.\Iu-
sit-. Pra; er by lit-v. I). I-luldwin, Ma-
~‘Ull.

Welcome Acldre-.-‘. VI’. W.
It-mt, Mayor.

Response in behalf of the Institute,
.I<mn llolmtok, VVorlby Master of the
I‘. mona Grange of Lansing, Music.

Afternoon Session, 121101’, )I.—_\Iu-
sir-. (‘are and Breeding of Stock,
Wm. B. Craig, Stockbridge.

Shall we Market our VVool V\'aslletl
or lfmvashetl, Geo. W’. Phelps, Meri-
«lian.

Farm Eczonomics, Professor John-
son, Agricultral College.

Evening Session, 05:31) I’. .\1.—l\l usic.
Agriculture, Master Arthur W. Jew-
(-II. Mason.

Poem, Miss E. Clara Squier, Mason.

Address, l{“V. E. R. \VilIard, VVl1itc
Pigeon. Michigan, Chaplain, State
U-"at: ge.

Public Installation of the Uilicers of
the Pomona Grange. Music.

’1‘r1trnsp.n', I-‘r:1utt‘.-nix‘ H, 1356;}.

Morning Session, 9:15 A. .\1.——Music.
Prayer by Rev. W. Doust. Mason.

Pedigrees, A. F. VVood, Vevay.

Roots, Hon. I“. S. Fitcli, Fitchburg,

The Eternal Fitness of Things, L.
H. Ives, Vevay.

Afternoon Session, 1:30 r. u.~Ad-
dress, Professor W’. J. Beal, Agricul-
turaICoIlege.

Farmers’ Organizations, John Hol-
brook.

Address, Professor II. C. Rankin,
Leslie. Doxology and Benediction by
the Chaplain.

Il~n.

Nexvaygo County Pomona Grange
No. ll will hol“. its next meeting at
the Hesperia Grange hall February
21st and 22d with the following pro-
gram of exercises:

wr~:n.\'r~:sn.u', I-‘mi. '_’ls'r.

1. Address by Rev. Wm. Coulter.

:3. W’hat is the Grange doing to edu-
cate the farmers’ wives and dang? ters,
and what are they doing ‘for the
Grange?~essay by Mrs. S. V. Walker.

3 The past. present and future of
the farmer.—.Iohn F. Wood.

4. “Shoddy farms” and “shoddy
homes-—essay by Mrs. Fannie Raider.

5. Improvements in farm stock——S.
V. Walker.

Eu-;N1No.~Installatlon of oifit-ers
and the necessary work of the fifth
degree.

THURSI)A\', ens. 221).

o‘. Michigan. its resources and its
per‘ple-——A. L. Scott.

7. ‘Friends” and “humbugs”—-T.
A. Stuart.

8. The best breed of hogs for our
climate and market—Charles Blood.

9'. Is there any danger that the
Grange will become a monopoly ‘.’-A.
Terwillager. M. W. Scorr,

Lecturer County Grange.

The next regular meeting, of Shia-
wassee County Pomona Grange, will
be held at the hall of Shlawassee
Grange, in Morice on Wednesday,
February 1-1, 1883. An interesting
programme is being printed for the
occasion. All fourth degree members
are invited to attend. Also a public
meeting in the evening for all to hear
that will come. Meeting called to or-
der at 2 o’clock Sharp.

LEWIS S. Goonsmr Sec’ .

Wednesday, January 19, 1883.

The next meeting of Branch County
Pomona Grange, will be held at the
Grange Hall in Butler, on Wednesday,
February 14. at 10 o'clock A. M. .
rich literary treat is being prepared.
The afternoon exercises will be public.

A. A. Luce Lecturer,

Gilead, January 22, 1883.

The Kalamazoo County Pomona
Grange will meet with Schoolcraft
Grange,No. 8,at their hall on Thursday
the 15th of February next. An inter-
esting programme will be presented,
and a cordial invitation is extended to
all fourth, as well as fifth degree mem-
bers, to be present and take part in the
discussions.

The next meeting of Kent county Po-
mona Grange, No. 18, will be held at
Rockford, on Wednesday. Feb. 21, 1883,
commencing at 10 o’clock .4. M. The de-
gree of Pomona will be conferred in the
evening on all entitled to receive it. A
full attendance is requested.

W. T. REMINGTON, Sec‘y.

Alto, Jan. 25th. 1883.

The regular session of the Van
Buren County Pomona. Grange I’. of
H , will be held at Hartford, February
15, 1883, commencing at ten o'clock
sharp. Let there be a full attendance,
as a very interesting time is anticipa-
ted. J. E. PACKER Set-..’y,

Hartford, January 19, 1883.


4

THE E-BAHGE VZSETQB9

FEBRUARY 1, 1883.

- ®flIII1II1I1IitiI1iUIIfi.

“RESURGAM."

suggested by the death
J. W'ebster (.»'}zz'lrz's.

Lines of ' Broth er

To-day, he rests beneath the sod.

His soul hath winged its way to God;
But yesterday, upon the street,

Where come and go the weary feet

Of weary thousands he was one,

For years, all loved to look upon.

Men met him in the marts of trade:

In court and temple he essayed

To be among the number who

Among their fellows is most true.

His hand was open, and his heart,

With loving kindnes care bestowed

On all who tread the busy mart,

O’er burdened with their earthly load.
Toiling in youth, in manhood's years,
With all the hopes, and doubts, and fears
That live in every human breast,

He never found that long sought rest
Which comes of care though dearly bought,
In all the living world of thought.

In senate halls where men have met,
Their early pledges to forget,

He walked nnbought amid the throng,
Who counsel right when going wrong;
And oft evinced in unsought fight,

A giant's zeal in doing right.

The poor to him called not in vain:

' He fed the hungry at his door,

And 'mid his fields of rip'ning grain

He never wished that it was more.

At farm or fireside, or in hall,

Where sounds the voices of magnate great
No minion could his heart appall,

Or change his vote by loud debate;

But through all test he proved the plan,
That right is erst the strongest man.

Among the Patrons, first of all,

He listened to the warning call,

Thrilling the nation through and through,
Marshaliug men who would be true;
Ne'er counting cost, or strength that might
Oppose them in the cause of right;

But dated the conflict and the fight.

He lived to see an Order born,

(Despite the sneers, and scoffs, and scorn
That fell upon the ranks like hail,

Yet could not penetrate their mail;)

Until on one auspicious morn

. It took command of every sail——

Or might, if wisdom should prevail.
He saw the first procession small,
Grow long, and steady, stout, ond tall;
Until in ranks, one less than ten,
Were twice ten hundred thousand men;
He saw the wife and daughter stand
On a higher plane through all the land,
And saw our Order grow to be

The master of monopoly;

For in most every fight of note,

It took the monster by the throat,
And in affairs of woe or weal

It writhed beneath the peoples’ heel,
Disgorging oft unhallowed gains;
With more than triple labor pains.
His work in all this revolution,

Was the great question for solution:
The greatest good for all who foil
Among all classes, high or low,

And dig from the reluctant soil

The wealth that makes a nation grow.
His voice was always for the right,

In Patron‘s hall or senate fight,
Knowing those only are truly great
Who toil in building up the State:
His wisdom in our councils stood
Abreast with all the brothcili >od.
And in all struggles let no chance
Unheeded pass to break a lance

With any foe or covert ill.

His way was always to advance;

He never thought of standing still,
More than an Alpine avalanche;
Standing upon his acres) broad,

He owned no master but his God.
Quiet, yet firm; modest, yet bold

For all the measufes Patrons hold,

To the advantage of their kind,

He held his way with even mind,
Until his name had rank and place
Upon the bright list of our faith,

And with his honors resting bright
Upon his coronal so bright
He fain would bid the world “Good night."

,,. # 41- as it 1- *
The last time that I saw our friend,

He stood within earth's fading light,
And conscious of his approaching and
He seemed all ready for the flight,

And as his weak hand, pale and thin,
Rested my strong, warm palm within.

I seemed to feel the stirring air,

Fanned soft by wings, angelic fair,

That stood as ready guardians o'er

The soul that panted more and more

To be set free at God's behest,

And find at last eternal rest.

His pale, wan cheek flushed with a pride
To know the battle almost won;

The books were balanced and his side
Filled the marge with gocdtdeeds done.

We talked of many passing things,
Of joy, and hope. an all life brings;
And of the end when all mus meett
Again around the me: cy seat;

The ease of death, the pain of life,
Its passions, turmoil, and ‘the strife
Of living, then he raised his eye,
And looking at the distant sky,
With measured tones he calmly said:

“I live ugain when I am dead."
* 5 I» ! G IL

“Rem,-gam,?"—That was his adieu,

And soon the angels led him through.

——“Robert Roland,”
Grand Rapids, Janury 15, 1883.

“DO WITH ALL THY MIGHT."

East thou pa tltrlouglit. ‘Hi-‘gold *0 59-Y»
Doitatoncey 01 °_ -

Helping some one to nghtly,lov_e _
Thou knowest not the good twill give.
To some it may be "met the thing, _
The word you give. the Eofilg 1°“ ‘"18-

- ‘t ma no 9

Tl11g:v'f)t:;  done’, you here will see.
When years have passed beyond recall,
And you have gone “the _W8! °f ‘Hr,’
That thought, that song immortal grown,
Ha rise in echoes to God’: throne.
Theyn say the word, and sing the song;

For life——at best, it is not long.

_our State Union.

_{_—s—
Avolume of water cannot be called

dry ‘rc.°.:‘_i"g.

Constitutional Amendments Etc.

Editor Grange Visitor.-—Ever since
the adoption of the present constitu-
tion of this State, the office holders,
and oflice seekers,liave been dissatisfied
with the salaries of the principal offi-
cers, and have been trying to have
them increased.

‘A few years since, through their in-
fluence mainly, we had a constitu-
tional convention called, which after
a session of several months, framed a
constitution, largely increasing the
salaries of the officers and the mem-
bers of the Legislature. This consti-
tution when submitted to the people,
was rejected by a large majority of the
voters. Afterwards we had acommis-
sion appointed by the Legislature, to
recommend such amendments to the
constitution as they deemed proper.
After a long session they submitted
amendments, largely increasing the
salaries of the principal officers. These
amendments were all rejected by the
people. A few years after this the
Legislature submitted an amendment,
increasing the pay of the circut court
judges. this was again rejected by the
voters.

Three times previous to the last elec-
tion, the people by their votes refused
to increase the salaries of the judges,
but the friends of the measure were not
discouraged. They influenced the
Legislature at its last session to again
submit the amendment to the people,
and have succeeded in having it adopt-
ed. Notwithstanding this, we believe
a majority of the tax payers, and labor-
ing men, are opposed to the measure.

Let us give some of the reasons for
our belief, and also notice some of the
means advanced by the friends of the
amendment to carry it. There were
thousands like the writer who
did not believe the Legislature would
have the assurance to ask the people to
again vote on a measure, they had so
often, and so recently rejected.

There was very little said in the par-
ty papers, about the amendment till
just before the election. There were
many voters, who knew nothing
about it until election day. The friends
of the measure adopted this policy,
knowing full well that if it was gener-
ally known, and discussed among the
tax payers, and laboring men, it would
be voted down. There were many, no
doubt in the rural district, who did
not vote on the amendment, who did
not know anything about it. A ma
jority of those who voted outside of the
cities, and villages were opposed to it.
The majorities for the measure were
found in the cities mainly. There is a
large class in the cities who are not
tax payers who vote, many of these
will sell their votes for a. cigar, or a
drink of whiskey. The friends of the
amendment, no doubt controlled the
voters, or a majority of this class.
Every lawyer and every attache of the
courts voted and worked for the meas-
ure. The party papers are mainly
controled by the legal profession, as a
consequence. they favored the amend-
ment. Nobody, not one in a hundred
who voted for the measure, earn fif-
teen hundred dollars a year. A ma
jority of those who never labor with
their bands, who live by their wits,
ofiice seekers, politicians dsc., voted
for the measure.

The friends of the amendment
claim that we will get abler judges,
by increasing their pay. Congress has
increased the pay of the principal offi-
cers, of the general government a
hundred per cent, within a few years.
Have we abler or better men in office
since the increase in their salaries ?
Are our congressmen more honest ‘?
Are our fifty thousand dollars‘ a year
presidents any better than those of the
early days of the Republic ? ,_

The tax payers of this State, now
that the salaries, of the judges have
been increased, will be asked to in-
crease the pay of every other officer.
The salary of the Governor will be the
next, probably then the Lieutenant
Governor, Secretary of State, Treas-
urer etc. The increase of the pay of
the judges will be pointed to as 9. pre-
cedent that should be followed, in
the case of other officers. They will
claim, and justly too, that every one
who spends his time, in the service
of the State, should be equally well
paid for his services.

The lawyers nave a controlling in-
fluence, in the Legislature and in
Congress._ They enact laws, that will
subserve their own interests, mainly.
As I have intimated they largely con-
trol the party papers, which in a great
measure, shape public opinion in this
country. They very nearly monopo-
lize all the important offices, most of
our presidents. members of the cabi-
net, foreign ministers, etc., have been
lawyers, they are inveterate ofllce-
seekers. They never soil their hands
with honest labor, they have no sym-
pathy for the laboring classes, it was
through their influence that this
amendment was carried. Probably
there was not a lawyer in the State
who openly opposed it. They claim
to be the friends of equal rights. Is
there any equality in the laws they
enact.

The law cbmpells a farmer or a me-
chanic to serve as a juryman for two
dollarsa day, a good deal less than
one-half what the judges have been
receiving, very few, if any of the em-

;~lr>y-es o: the courts receive '.~ne—hrl'

what “His Honor” does. The board

county, to vote for the amendment.
At the same session theyfixed the
pay of the County Clerk and Treasurer
a good many hundred dollars less than
the Judge receives. Nobody. not one
of the Supervisors earn $1,500 a year.
There are very few ‘farmers, or me-
chanics, who receive that amount,
for their labor in a year.
no justice, or equality in such laws.

A majority of the judges, and law-
;yers of this State, are graduates of the
:University at Ann Arbor. which is
gsupported mainly by the tax payers.
Many who voted for the amendment,
supposed the judge’s pay came from
the litigants This is a mistake they
are payed by the tax payers, so are the
jury, and other officers of the court.
This custom of taxing the people to

the legal fraternity.

but little about the judge's salaries, if
the litigants had to pay them. VVe are
told by those who should know, that
the expenses of each day’s session of
the court, is nearly or quite one hun-
dred dollars. That often the amount
at issue between the parties that go to
law, is ften insignificant. Not half
what it costs to try them, many of
the parties would never go to law if
they had to pay the court expenses.

W'e repeat, the salaries of nearly all
of the principal oflicers of the general
government, from the President, mem-
bers of Congress, down to the Path-
master, have been doubled within a
generation. The laboring classes in
this country will soon be as heavily
taxed, to support the government as
those of Europe. This need not be, if
men would vote right and wisely.
Laboring men are too often influenced
to vote contrary to their interests, and
judgment, by designing politicians,
and demogoguss.

When this amendment is carried
into effect “His Honor,” will receive,
for his services nearly eight dollars a
day, for each working day in the year,
whether he labors all of the time or
only a part, while many who will be
taxed to pay his salary, labor for one
dollar a day. 11. s,

Otsego, January 1, 1883.

Agricultural college Notes.

Prof. Satterlee now occupies the
Steward’s rooms, in Williams Hall,
with his family, and is actively en-
gaged in getting the details of his de-
partment in hand. Mr. James Cassidy,
for many years in charge of the Col-
lege greenhouse, is about to take his
departure for Fort Collins, Colorado,
where he takes the position of Prof. of
Horticulture and Superintendent of
the grounds at the Colorado Agricult-
ural College. Mr. Cass iday’s work
here, has always praised him. The
greenhouse and grounds adjacent,
under his management, have always
been neat and attractive. We predict
for him a successful career in this new
and wider field of labor. Mr. Louis
Knappen, for two years the Superin-
tendent of the Horticultural Depart-
ment, succeeds Mr. Cassiday. He has
had large experience in, floriculture,
both in Germany and this country.

President Abbot will attend thecon-
vention, called by Commissioner Lo-
ring, at Washington. These conven-
tions are an innovation on the
established precedents of the Depart-
ment, but seem to promise good fruit
I regret to notice in -.».ue qua; =-.:-.r.-
attempts to belittle their practical
value. Is it not, Mr. Editor, 2.1 llttl‘;
singular, not to say comical, to notice
the unwillingness of the diflferent asso-
ciations, that claim to have the ad-
vancement of agriculture, as the great
end and aim of their efforts ; to on-r p.
erate with each other, Wb.-er .:.e
opportunity uuers to do "‘)lIl: av cg for
the genera‘ good. We no e several
associations for the a ivancement of
agriculture; but how little faith they
have in each other. Is there not
to much anxiety apparent on the part
of the managers often for the glory
of discovery, the pride of leadership,
the prestige of managing things, and
too little desire to get at the facts, the
truth that should be honored, from
any source, alike of value whether it
comes to the point, through the learn-
ing of the most renowned scientist or
the plainest farmer in the land ?

The first for the series of State In-
stitutes was held at Hastings, Barry
County the 10th and 11th inst. I-lor.
Porter Burton presided. Pr-_s\’dent
*Abbot, Secretary Baird and Prof.
Johnson were present from the Col-
«ge. There was 9. got J. attendance, and
the papers and d iscussions were inter-
esting and profitable. Mrs, M. R.
‘Granger read a most practical and
valuable paper on “The manage-
ment of the Dairy,” in which she
gave definite directions how to make
good butter, with such appliancesas
farmers’ wives usually have. Mrs.
Ira Slawson had a beautiful essay on
"The Cultivation of Flowers.” J. C.
Bray gave the facts and figures to
show how to feed stock for profit.
A. C. Towne presented so many argu-
ments in favor of mixed husbandry
that no ’.‘!1'.“,’l’!-‘.‘? f.'.".‘l‘.‘.2‘:’l to qvzestlcn

i his conclusions.
of Supervisors of this county at theirl treated his subject,
session just before election, took the crops,” in an able paper.
liberty to advise the voters of this l port had a careful

 Crops.”

VVe can see i

pay the expenses of the courts, was ,
inaugurated by, and for the benefit of;
The lawyers ‘
want all the money their clients have, 
and they usually get it. VVe would care i

W. H. Merrick
“Rotation of
E. Daven-
prepared essay, on
“Preparation of the soil for Cerial
Mr. Davenport is a graduate
 of the College, and is farming and
 discharging the duties of an educated
l citizen, in such a practical, common-
1 sense manner as to secure the approval
‘and confidence of his Barry county
, neighbors.

An old resident said to your corres-
j pondent. “I have had a strong preju-
 dice against the Agricultural Col Iege ;
E but if you can send out such men as
3 Davenport, we shall all be brought to
 believe that some good may come to
}our sons and to the State, from the
3 Institution.” The Has tings Institute
 will be pleasantly remembered by all
g who attended. “Our next Institute
Ewill be at Armada, Macomb county
l the l8th and 19th.

4

E the

In the Mountains of Utah

BY F. HODGMAN.

My last communication left me at
the foot of the east slope of the Was-
atch mountains, at the mouth of the
. Price River canyon, in charge of the
, construction of a twelve mile divison
; of railroad. At the back side of my
' tent the Price River; then at its high-
est, was roaring past with a fall of a
hundred feet per mile. Just in front
was the winding row of stakes which
showed where the line of the road was
located, and close beyond them, one of
the curious two story mountains so
common in that vicinity. First, at
the bottom, was a very steep slope of
earth, loose rock, and other debris from
the mountain ; then a vertical cliff of
W feet. with sharp angles protruding
into the valley. Then came another
slope. and another vertical cliff rising
above it ; the whole surmounted by a
comparatively level table land sparsely
timbered with dwarf cedars and pin-
yon pine. This table land was about
500 feet above the river.

There are numerous other mount-
ains or mesas like it in the vicinity,
all having the same general
character; two stories high. with ver-
tical sides all around-, so that it was
with great diflflculty tliat any place
could be found with slopes reaching
near enough to the summit, to admit
of climbing. Many of them could not
be climbed at all. One of them a mile
from camp thrust out into the valley
9. giant buttress, and I determined to
climb it. After passing almost around
it I found a receding slope by which I
was enabled to reach within twenty
feet of the upper edge of the cliff‘.
Then by carefully removing here and
there a bit of loose rock fora foot hold,
and risking my neck at every step up-
ward, I reached the table land above.
Then I pushed forward to reach the
great protruding butterese which jut-
ted out into the valley half a mile
away. I did not succeed in getting
out upon it. Just where it joined the
main part of the cliff was a narrow
ridge about 9. foot wide, and twenty feet
long, with the sides dropping virti-
cally for more than 200 feet. Up
through the recess thus formed like a
chimney on the other side, the wind
came rushing with nearly force enough
to carry a. person from his feet, and the
air was full of flying sand. Strangely
enough there was no wind in
the valley below, and but a few
rods away in the summit. I did not
care to take the chances of crmusing that
slender bridge on the visiiiritbng rock.
and gave up the project

Just across the valley was a monu-
ruem risiew 1,: as liigi. is the cliff on
« hr=‘I’ . if--M.‘ :21:-‘.11-uni and graoefulas
tn; Bunker Hill monument, and a
quarter olia mile away from the cliff,
of which it once fr rm.-d 9. part. It
will be only -. r .. years till this one
at rv": .s.- '. /2. U6 cut away by the
and these whirling winds
.- om its supporting cliff, and add one
more to the numerous monuments
which stand like sentinels about the
valley.

Up stream from my camp the river
is closely hemmed in by the jagged
mountains, which rise higher and
higher as you ascend the stream.
Steamboat point is six miles away,
but it does not look to be more than
one. We follow the line of stakes al-
most to the foot of its immense verti-
cal walls, with the psrticolored strata
of rocks stretching away like immense
ribbons, in the broad sunlight, and
then swinging round it to the left, the
grand old mountain takes on at once
a form of most marvelous beauty. The
\ aried colored rocks now take the
mm of some immense buildings of
state, with ornamented cornices,-
porticos, battlements, friezes, statuary
and above all rises the immense pillar
which had been our land mark so
many miles away. The top is so much
larger than the base, that it seems as
though the first storm must topple it
over, but there it stands, and just be-
low it are others like it, resting against
the mountain side, where they have
apparently slid down from their for-
mer vantage ground.

The canyon closes in beyond‘ out
here my division ends. T17‘) months
were spent at work on this division.
Sundays was the only spare time we
had, and those were generally spent
rambling around the hills within easy
reach from camp. We picked up

(I .U, ._.V

beautiful little arrow heads of chal-
cedony, fragments of pottery, splinters
and chips of agate, and smoky tops,
and now and then a bit of coal, or a
pebble of float silver ore, and in one
case a solitary lump of copper ore.
We never found the ledge from which
they came, although we done some
careful searching. Judging from the
local formation they evidently came
from a distance. In some places we
found little circular, bits of stone or
pottery as big over as a cent, and an
eighth of an inch thick. Some were
ornamented in colors, and some not.
Some had holes in the middle making
them look like a diminutive grind-
stone. VVe found most beautifiul wild
blossoms in the ravines, and along the
river banks, and gathered the seeds to
send to our friends at home.

By the first of July the grading on
my first division was done, and I was
ordered further up the canyon, to take
charge of another. \Ve got a team of
one of the contractors and moved on
up the canyon, following sometimes
along the grade, and sometimes swing-
ing s. half a mile away to go around a
wash that we could not cross. We
crossed back and forth over the river
which has now fallen, so that there
is less danger in stemnilng its whirling
torrent. Eight miles brings us to
Willow Creek, where the last of the
graders are encamped. It is terribly
wild and rugged here, and we can go
no further with the team.

Here and there we see a black look-
ing stratum of rock, with a hole pierc-
ing it, and a loose pile of earth and
rubbish scattered down the mountain
side from the hole. There are little
monuments built up of loose, flat
stones, and beside them a little piece
of board stuck up with a paper tacked
on it. Coal has been found and those
holes are the work of the prospectors,
and those papers the notices of their
claims.

We wait at VVillow Creek till we
can get a pack train of burros to take
us through the canyon, eight miles
further, to Horse Creek. The line is
not all located yet, and no train has
ever been through the canyon. After
a delay of a couple of days the burro’s
came, goods are packed and we are ofi‘
again. Clambering along the steep
mountains sides, crossing the river on
logs that the engineers had felled
across the streams, and scrambling
through the dwarf oak brush that oh-
structed the way on every hand. The
stiff hard bushes _ tear the sacks in
which our provisions are stored, and
beans and dried apples are scattered
along the road, as the burro’s force
their way through the grubs. I have
a cook now in my party, and squaare
four-holed cook-stove made of sheet
iron. The stove catches on the bushes
and occasionally the burro takes a run
with it, till it is battered almost past
recognition.

And now, just before sunset, we
have came to the end of the canyon.
An immense wall of rock stands right
across the way, and bars our further
progress. But no, the river has found
a way around it, and so do we, but we
pause in awe as we look at that im-
mense rock “The Castle Gate.”
It is over 450 feet high, nearly 1,000
feet long, and only twenty or thirty
feet wide, and stands there buttressed
against the mountain on the one side
and swinging out across the valley
like a gate, to bar the traveler’s way.
It is well named the “Castle Gate.”
It seems almost impossible, that so
thin a mass of rock should stand at
such a height, looking as though a
breath of wind would bring it crush-
ing into the valley.

We encamped for the night a short
distance up the valley from this point,
with Bentelle, the locating engineer.
Leaving my party next morning to
get along with the pack train the best
way they could. I went on alone to
select a camping place. From here
on there was no valley, only the river
rushing along at the foot of high
mountains which sloped to the very
waters edge. The dwarf oaks and
service berry bushes were thick, and a
more plentiful growth of firs, cedars,
and red pine made its appearance.
Occasionally near the river there was
a large pine tree standing with the
bark all torn from it for a distance of
six or eight feet from the ground, and
in the solid wood were rows of scratch-
es aquarter of an inch deep, where
the grizzlies or mountain lions had
used the tree for a scratching post. It
was only a few days before that Ben-
tel1e’s party had received a. friendly
visit froma large bear, and I kept a
good look-out for him as I went along.
About noon I came to a spot where
the valley widened out, making a lit-
tle‘ plateau of an acre or so, on which
was growing a beautiful grove of red
pine, flrs and cedars. It was the first
grove of large timber I have seen in
Utah, and the finest one I saw while
there. Here I determined to pitch my
camp, near the mouth of Horse Creek.
It was near night before the pack
train got there, and more than one of
the luckless burros had caught a roll
with his pack down the mountain
side.

FOR drop cakes, put six well-beaten
eggs into a pint of thick cream ; add a
little salt, and make into athick batter
with flour. Bake in rings or small
cups fifteen or twenty minutes. The
same may be made with Graham flour.

An Address.

[A retiring address of Geo. D. Pray, Master
of Windsor Grange No. 619.}

Worthy Overseer, sisters and Broth-
ers.-—Time flies, and as the years come
and go they leave their impress on our
brows in deeper wrinkles and more
silvery locks. But seven short years
have passed since the organization of
our Grange and by prudent counsels
and harmonious action we have been
able to surmont every difficulty and
have taken our place among the per-
manent Granges of the State.

The-last of December, 187-3, \Vindsor
Grange was duly organized by State
Deputy, Brother C. L. VVhitney, in
the building that is now known as
Houghtelling’s barn, then the Dia-
mondale school house, with a charter
membership of forty. Brother A. D.
Carlton was elected V\'orthy ‘Master
and Brother F. G. Pray, VVorlhy Sec-
retary. I maglne the position, broth-
ers and sisters, that these brothers oc-
cupied, wholly ignorant of Grange
discipline, with but one evening's in-
struction from Brother VVbitney, in-
eluding the exemplifying of the un-
written work of the Order. And
they were left to put in work-
ing order this Grange, which they
accomplished with much honor and
credit to themselves and the future
prosperity of the Grange. And they
with all the old charter members that
We now have, God bless them all,
have ever stood firm, giving encour-
agement and support to the offlcers

*and members ofthis Grange in its ad-

verse and darkest daysas well asin
its brightest and more prosperous
times.

This Grange, like most all others,
necessarily bad to pass through the
fiery ordeal, and at one time it almost
seemed that we should necessarily be
obliged to surrender our charter and
become extinct, but, thank God, we
came out victorious. Some of our
charter members imagined that to
realize great pecuniary advantages it
would only be necessary to take the
obligation of a Patron. In this they
were, toa certain extent, disappoint-
ed and fell out, and as one of them
was heard to say, that all the benefit
he could see in the organization was
its sociability, and that did not
interest him. Then there were
others who realized the absolute
necessity of organization and co-opera»
tion on the part of the farmers and
and profoundly appreciating the true
spirit and objects of the Order are with
us still. This class come to stay. To
these, with so many of our worthy
brothers and sisters that have joined
us since, do we owe our present pros-
perity. ‘

The year 1878 found us reduced to a
paying membership of about twenty.
Our dues fell far short of paying our
rent, making jt necessary for us in
order to maintain our principles and
honor to donateliberally. These were
our darkest days—something must be
done. VVe must either surrender or
secure us a home of our own. We
counciled together, perfect har-
mony always prevading, and the most
friendly relations existed amongst us,
and to this to a great extent do we
owe our success. We formed ourselves
into a stock association, the object be-
ing to secure a site and build a hall,
and so united were we that every mem-
ber of the Grange became a member of
the stock association. Then began
earnest work, and the interest that
was manifested by the different mem-
bers in the erection of this, our home,
can only be realized by those inter-
ested.

The fall of 1880 found us pleasantly
located in this, our Grange home, and
a more earnest. enthusiastic and ap-
preciative little band of Grangers
never bowed in prayer before the
Grange altar than those that dedicated
this building to Grange purposes, and
from that time on we have steadily in-
creased in membership until now we
numberover 100 good, earnest, paying
members.

How gratifying to know that from
the organization to the present, neither
envy, hatred or jealousy have to any
extent been allowed to enter our
peaceful enclosu_r_e. And if we would
continue to prosper in the future as in
the past, we must maintain tins
unity.

Another year in the history of our
Order has come and gone. Again we
meet to elect from among our mem-
bers our officers for the coming year,
and whoever shall be the choice
of the majority of the members
let »them have the support and
co-operation of the whole Grange
and I shall have no fears for its future
prosperity. To the. present ofiicers rt
this Grange do I feel very thankful for
their prompt attendance and earnest
work. While with the full co-opera-
tion of all the members, I feel that we
can look back with pride to the year
1882 in the history of our work. Feel-
ing aseured that we have made some
improvements, so let our future motto
be, “Onward, never backward,” fully
realizing that our Grange, like all
other societies, will be just what our
members make it.

In this, my annual address as Mas-
ter of this Grange, there are but a few
suggestions that I wish to present for
your consideration. The social and
educational advantages, as far as time


FEBRUARY 1, 1883.

E VESIEQE9

5

has permitted for the last year, have 
been very pleasant and instructive and 
enjoyed and appreciated I think byi
every member. I would suggest 
that the VVorthy Lecturer preparei
a programme for two 0,. three} Report of committee on Transportation at
months ahead’ in order to give mem_§ the Tenth Session of the Michigan
bers time to prepare themselves for the 5”” G''3“9°-

dunes ésslglled them‘  In assuming the task assigned we
I notice with great pleasure that we f find much to aid us 3,, the annual 3,1.
are adding a goodly number of young ‘ dresses of the VVorthy Masters of the
people to om. membership and We-..\'atioiial and our State Grauges, also

. . = in the re or‘ of th ~ Committee 011
mu“ "5 and make *5 pleasam “Dd at‘ ; Tr9.nsportg.tirin ofthe(:\'ationalGrange.

®lII.’t*tt]IUlIIIt1Itt-

TEE GEEAEG

labor that transportation companies 5.

would, as they did in 1571: in this State .«
when a shortage ofcrops was reported {
in Europe, forestall the benefits accru- l
ing to us who peril all risk, by consoli- E
dation and agreement in advancement 5
of rates every 10, 20 or 30 days till they
consume every dollar beyond the f
amount necessary to keep us at work §
replenishing their treasury for the -
years to come. ,
A State government that should levy 
and enforce the collection of a tax in a —
single year equal to the actual cost of
our capitol building without giving an ,
equivalent therefor, trould at the next '

Kent County Grange.

Editor Grange Visitor.-—It was our
privilege, duly sanctioned by time, cir-
cumstance and storms, to attend a re-
centomeeting of the above named
Grange. Having with our "better
half“ been a member for the past three

3 years, and having only been able to put

in about one meeting a year, you need
not be assured that we appreciated and
iniproved, with due alacrity, the op-
portunity of being in attendance, as

on the occasion of which we write and
not one of all the crowd was sent
empty away.

Toward the close of the afternoon
session, which was taken up by the
installations, hearing reports of offi-
cers and committees and general ques-
tions touching the good of the Order,
it was mooted, “Shall we have an
evening session?” (Lily two applica-
tions were on the secretary’s table for
the fit‘-.li degrees, but with true Grange

vigor it wzzsdetermined to "put them ,

PATENTS.

LUCIUS 0. WEST, Solicitor of American
am Foreign Patents, and Counsellor in Patent
Cause:-. Trade Marks, Copyrights, Assign-
ments, Caveats, and Mechanical Drawings.
Circulars free. 16 Portas» street,
aprlt KALAMAZOO, MICE.

._ U“ ‘V _N\ .,  . ., _
election he o..,rtlir0wn dDiIl€gl:_-l1$')I‘.~l , ht‘-"Te 130i?‘-1, Hit‘ meeting belllé hfld mrough - yrim, cmdtej not 0; “me,

;;.i .;;..—..= -_-.'-....’ 4....-ac.-;

tractive for them. And I think itg to which we shall call attention as we
would be well for us to procure an or- E
gap and devote more time to musicl
and singing, which will make iti
not only pleasanter for the young peo- 
ple but for many of the older ones.

I would also recommend that wei
consider the feasibility of starting a
library fund in connection with our
Grange as soon as our circumstances;
will permit. In the matter of buying
through our co-operative agencies I
have no recommendations to make-,§
believing that our present arrange-
ments are satisfactory and for the best
interests of this Grange.

Again for the fourth time do I re-
turn to the altar the Master’s gavel.
Thanking you one and all for yourl
confidence and the honor you havev
conferred upon me in the past, I now‘
ask of you to excuse me from any
oflicial position for the coming year.
I also ask of you to give to my suc-
cessor and all the other ofilcers of
your choice the same eiicouragementf
and support that you have given me, 
and our noble work will be carried on f
with grand results. 9

Gov. Jerome and the Slate Grange.

Bro. Cobb .-—I exceedingly regret
the unjust, not to say disrespectful, al-
lusions to Gov. Jerome address before
the State Grange—both there, and since
in the VISITOR. The governor was
evidently misunderstood; and what
he intended as complimentary to far-
mers as a class and the improvements
in the modes of farming, was construed
to imply a thrust at farmers and farm-
iug. How such an impression could
have obtain is difficult for me to under-
stand. He referred to himself as a
farmer boy, with difficulty holding the
plow amidst stumps and stones ; but
now, he said, the farmer could hitch
his team to the plow, mount the in-
viting seat with which it was provid-
,ed and drive his team, leaving the
plow to do its own holding—which is
literally true, showing the improve-
ments of the present time over the
past. He also referred to the mode of
dragging the soil now the stumps and
other obstacles that obstructed the har-
rowls progress had disappeared and
the farmer could leasuriy ride and
drive, while the machine that he rode
was left to do its own work. Former-
ly he had to pitch the hay upon the
cart and then pitch it ofl‘ up onto a 15-

foot mow by main strength, but now-,
without the aid of,man’s strengtlif,

with modern improvements, the horse
does the work of man by simply hold-
ing the lines and guiding its efforts.
What is there in all this that could
be construed to imply an insult or dis-
respect to farmers‘? Perhaps my mind
was so obtuse that I could not compre-
hend the “drive,” if such was intend-

ed. Both the Governor and his lady

manifested the deepest interest in the .
exercises of the Grange by remaining;
to a late hour to witness the installa-‘

tion of oflicers. The presence of the
Governor and his lady was compli-
mentary to the State Grange and his
address highly complimentary to far-
mers as a class.

I sincerely hope that every Grangei

{All hogs,do ...
;Alisheep,do   ._
; All horses, dc

will do the Governor the justice of cor

recting the false impression growing I

out of their failure to comprehend the  meet the

force of his pertinent and compli

meutary address.
S. STEELE, Ex-Chaplain

Well - Grounded Recom
mendaiions

Th 2 president in hi4 recent l1l::.-Idrlgi’
to Cmgress takes strong grnuwi In
Iuvor ofa reduction of letter po.-stage
to two cents. He says with truth that
letters are the only class of .-nail inat-
ier that has not been favored with a
x~e.i-iutioii in the last thirty years; and
ver. sensibly says. now that the mail
service brings in a net revgriue, that,
while it has been the policy of the
._n_;verninent from its foundation to de-
tray as far as possible, the expenses of
carrying the mails by a direct tax in
the iOl'!1l of postage, yet the service
ought not to be maintained for the
purpose of getting a net revenue. The
turd».-n of maintaining the service now
unequally falls on letters. "Unless
the experience of past legislation in
this country and elsewhere goes for
nought,” writes President Arthur, “it
may be safely predicted that the stim-
ulus of 33.} per cent reduction in the
tax for carriage would at once increase
the number of letters consigned to the
mails. The advantage of secrecy
would lead to a very general substitu-
tion of scaled packets for postal cards
and open circulars, and in divers other
ways the volume of first-class matter
would be enormously augmented.
Such increase amounted in England
in the first year after the adoption of
penny postage to more than 125 per
cent. ’ The present indications are
that Congress will follow the presi-
dent’s advice.

The President’s

Malaria is no longer a fashionable
complaint, and you must now complain
d an “awful pain in our chest. If
asked where cont:-ac give the name
of some rich person who recently enter-

tained ooznpanv.—Albany Argue.

proceed.

It is conceded by all, that the past
importunities for just legislation by
the producers of the commerce of the
nation, has found little or no favor in

, the way of relief from recognized and
‘ acknowledged evils by 'transportatio:.-

companies. VVhy this delay‘? Can
there he a doubt as to the need of
check and restraint from unjust ex-
actions of these overgrown and
wealthy corporations‘? The report of
the Congressional Committee of the
Senate in 187-1, backed as they were by
the highest authority of the land and
the wealth of the nation in their in-
vestigation settles beyond doubt the
necessity when they report:

“In the matter oftaxation, there are
to-day four men representing the four
great trunk lines between New York
and Chicago, who possess and do not
unfrequently exercise power which
the Congress of the United SW
would not venture to exert. They
may at any time and for reasons satis-
factory to themselves, by a single
stroke of the pen reduce the value of
property in this country by hundreds
of millions of dollars, and that by
combination and consolidation these
colossal organiz itions are daily becom-
ing stronger and more imperious.”
They also affirmed, “Congress has full
power over inter-state commerce and
could therefore remedy these abuses.”

Here is an admission by these great

i and eminentstatesmen that transpor-

tation companies have seized upon a
power which can safely be surrendered
to none save the government itself,
viz., the power to tax at their pleasure
the productive industries of the nation.
Since this report of the committee the
opinion of some of the most eminent
and learned jurists of the nation has
been evoked to the effect that the con-
stitution giving “Congress power to
regulate commerce between the States”
delegates that body with power to
shield citizens from the abuses and dis-
criminations so unjustly inflicted by
these merciless corporations. The re-
port of the commissioner of railroads
at Washington the present year. says:
"The power of Congress over the
whole subject can hardly be question
ed. The supreme court of Illinois con-
cedes it, and decisions of the supreme
court of the United State seem to
render it indisputable.”

Yet these aggressions of aggregate
wealth which gather collossal fortunes
to a few men in a very brief period of
lime, continue, whilst the producers of
this wealth toil a lifetime to secure a
competency. This condition has in-
cited an inquiry which can never be
subdued whilst this inequality and
this centralization of wealth continues.
It took a lifetime of successful business
interests for men like Astor and
Gerard to accumulate a million
but to-day there are said to be 10 men
in the United States whose aggregate
Wealth foots up $700,000,000, upon
which interest is yearly demanded and
collected.

The most of this enormous wealth
has been accumulated within the past
20 years and is largely the result of
direct control or special privileges

ranted by transportation companies.
Suppose the farmers of this great agri-
cultural State alone had to meet this
yearly demand on this amount, exceed-
ing the assessed valuation of real and
personal property of the State as equa'-
ized by the Board of Supervisors in
the several counties in June. 1881, and
exceeded by only $110,000,000 as equal-
ized by the State Board of l-)qualiza-
tion the same year, at 7 per cent, the
rate fixel by our Htz‘fl‘1f“   ~
pres.-H ~.' COI_lt12:i 1 '1... -o...
ing to statistics by the rwecretarv of
State for 1880, take-
All cows and cattle other than
c3ws,6 months old . . . . . . . . . . . .-$30 per head
7 per head
75 per iieid
"0 [er l«tl1L\1

’l‘u..« perllapn w.,ul.l sir-up the entire
stock of the colinlry too i‘lO.'U:‘. for ad
vatageou:-. tliversuy or nus‘uan.lry.

Let us see now we could better
demand with our cereals.
This would take
All wheat raised in 1879 at $1.00 per bushel.

" corn in the ear in 1879 at 30c “ “

~ cats in 1379 at we per bushel.

‘ barley in 1879 at 62§c per bushel.

This would leave us destitute of the
'l"?",'e-:§8.t‘ies of life to enable us to pros-
ecule successfully preparations for the
succeeding year. It might be better
to dispose of some of oui tillable acres.
This would require one-fourth of all
improved lands reported in 1880 at
$30 16% er acre. When all personal
and tea estate becomes absorbed, it
would require us to feed and clothe
163.000 families to enable that number
of able-bodied men to work at $1.00
per day 300 days in the year to meet
the annual demands of these ten men
alone. (I do not profess to have given
these figures as exact amounts, but by
reference they will be found approxi-
mating closely.)

This alarming and true condition of
affairs is beginning to be realized and
agitated by some who represent this
chief industry of the nation, and the
masses are looking to our Order for
education to a point where as non-par-
tiz.-ms they can view the prejudices,
strife. favoritism and class legislation
which these grasping and corrupt cor-
porations are building up in theirin-
terests against the laboring and pro-
ducing classes.

The industries of the nation have
the right to expect the National and
State Granges to sound the tocsin of
alarm against any abridgement of the
supremacy of the rights of the people,
no matter under what guise it may be
assumed. No other class of people
would ever have submitted to such
gross abuse of corporate power as has
been imposed on us for such a period
of time.

Experience warrants the assertion
that in case of war or other calamity
that might befall the consumers
on the Eastern continent which
would have a certain tendency to ad-
vance the price of the products of our

elected pledged to the enactiiieiit of?
laws that would prevent any similar
occurrance in the future. Yet the levy
of an additional tax of (-3 per cenil 153
cents on‘ every bushel of wheat four
cons.-cutive times in the failof 1870,
involving twice as much, or nearly so,
upon the single product of vviieat, ap- -
parently pas:-es unheeded by the elec-
tors. This unjust usurpatioii and ag-
gression of aggregate Wealth toward
those from whom they derive their;
main support alarms and unsettles ;
those engaged in agricultural pursuits. .
and is the means of leaving thousands.
of families dependent upon labor for
their daily bread, in desiitutioii and
want a great portion of the year.

Steam and electricity are the two
great motive powers which govern
and control the commerce and intelli-
gence of the worl—!, and should be
jealously guarded by the strong arm
of the law against abuse by specula-
tion on the part of individual.-i or cor-
porations. They cannot be dispensed
with, and just in proportion to their
unjust accumulative power do they
become oppressive to the great wealth-
producing industries of the nation.
Organized corporate power must re-
linquish a portion of its present
oppressive grasp or the wrong and,
frauds which are being perpetrated ‘
upon property and labor will culmi-
hate in a revolution, political and so-
cial. that may appall the world.

Your committee can iiiost llE'.z\1'i.lly
endorse and recommend for your care-
ful consideration the whole of the able
and comprehensive report ma(le by
the Committee on Transportation at
the last session of the National Grange,
but more particularly would we incor-
porate for your adoption the closing
portion, which is iegislative in its
character, viz 2

“Still another influence, most po
tent in its effect, is the improvement
of water channels until they attain the
highest degree of usefulness. \Ve,
therefore, commend judicious meas-
ures planned to make the Mississippi
river available for all commerce that
may seek its channels, even though
the improvement may cost iii-any mil-
lions more than have been appropri-
ated. VVe commend, also, the wise
forethought that has induced the citi
zens of New York to abolish tolls on
its canals, and will view with favor
any suitable measures employed by
the general govermeiit to obtain pos
session of the Erie canal, and subse-
quent enlargement of its capacity
to meet the needs of a. commerce, rap-
idly growihg, whose benefits, diffused
as they will be, by cheap transporta-
tion, will justify the cost of making a
ship canal from Lake Erie to tide
water and maintaining it forever free
from tolls; adding national prohi:>i-
tion by law, under heavy penalties of
officers and mariager:-V oz I:iilroa.fS
speculating in or buying l'8.1ll'0:1-:1 stock
during their conn-ctiou with troll]
road in such official ca;~aci!;y‘. Win.
these regulating Is»iiuem-e.- the pi-..;.--
lem of railway control -nus’. 1'6. «ch 1 11'-
tial soi itiou; and for we rest we ask
that certain elementary princij,-ies o;
the management he est: bli.-;.ie~- by law,
for instance, fixity of rates, publicity
of accounts, absolute prohibition of
all discrimination as between individ-
uals, or localities, such rules to be pro-
vicled and enforced by the States inter-
ested and by the general government
as these respective rights may re-
quire ' ‘

Our \‘{oi'tliy .\l i.-stei. 3L ll. aii'.~_:s=l
a(I(.iI'r..u.9 this )'8'.n, tin.n:..1‘y as--—.v
""l‘here are at least two iinportam
questions upon which we are all

an to ocean and from
 .aa.-s to the gulf we are in accord.
The first of these is governmental
control of transportation companies.
it good reasons existed last year or the
year before. these have been strength-
ened by the events of the past twelve
months. C-)i11pei,1t1«)11 grows less and
less available as a remedy. C-int.-“ol
falls into fewer and fewer hands. By
the exercise of an arbitrary piwer
these men fix the value of farms and
their products. Larger and larger be-
come the fortunes of the railroad kings.
More and more do these men deny the
right of the public to protect itself.”
To which we add, let us have faithful
enforcement of Art. 19 A, Sec. 2, with
enactments of severe penalties, if not
already provided for by the statute.

Great human achievements are the
result ofunited action, and if the labor
interests of this nation ever acquire
their inalienable rights over these co-
hesive, organized corporate powers, it
will be by a recognition and adoption
of those noble precepts embraced in
the report of the Committee on Trans-
portation of the National Grange in
1881, and adopted by that body viz:

“Let us exert the force inherent in
our numbers. direct this through the
ballot-box in such amanner that every
legislature. State and National, shall
reflect the will of the people, and all
their interests, rather than of corpora
tions. Secure in these bodies due rep
resentation of the chief industry of
the land. Let farmers organize in ut-
ter disregard of the restraints that po-
liti-cal parties impose, and let them
keep steadily in view the governing
purpose to purge the body politic of
the venaiities that handicap material
progress. They may co-operate with
all persons and all associations that
work in the interest of free and en-
lightened administration of justice,
but for themselves they must move for
the protection of natural rights against
the monstrous greed of corporate pow-
er, that riots in the chaos of principles
overturned and confused byits wanton
assumptions. Tziey must invoke or-
der, law, grace aiisljuatice for all, lest
revolution intervene, to clear away
with rude hands tiie web of tyranny
that now fetters in-lustry and retards
development.”

All of which is re pectfully submit-
ted.

RICll.\.RD Moons,
Chairman.

"A new way to pay old debts" is to

take the money and p..y them.

at Alpine Grange hall, distance al,-out

 ten miles from the city.

Behold us then, “wife and 1," snu-..»iy

1 esconced in cutter and robes, behind
j()ul" 1'l.‘6l2 family nag, skipping ov-r

the white snow, in the face of a con-
tinucus shower of the same d-licate

_iiiaj.erial, on our winding way to a
,liappy reunion with the members of
, Kent, No. 18, and also to warm greet-

ings from the members of Alpine

‘ Grange.

The occasion, for us, was one ofmuch
retrospect. VVe had often in years past
invaded the quiet precincts of this
thrifty agricultural township—chiefly
on political missions, once on a 4th of
July—more than '20 years ago. Once,
in war time, as the orator at a sword
presentation to one of Alpine’s gallant
sons whose frail body, a few months
later, was mowed down by a lo‘ pound
cm-noi:i ball on the bloody battle field.
Our mission now had no politics, no
“spread-eagle,’-' no war in it. It was a
mission of‘ peace.

VVe arrived at the hall after \.l'.1‘.‘.
course of drift surmounting and new
road—breaking. \Ve were welcomed
by such a wealth of warm hearts and
hands and were so soon '.-iUl‘l‘I)ll1Jt1€*t1 by
the home like feeling which pervades
all similar places, that the storm with-
out gave way at once to the sunshine
within.

Alpine Grange Hall is one of the
most substantial homes the Order has
in this county. Building 30x60 feet
and two stories high, which together
with carpets and and furniture, organ,
etc., cost them something over $2,000.
Besides this there are commodious
sheds for teams, well arranged, costing
$250, with the exception oftwo, owned
by individual members. VVe admire
this “shed” idea for it is so well in
keeping with our lessons—kindly care
[or our dumb and faithful servants,
and it sheds around such an air of
thought and comfort that no wonder
more than one tired steed neighed
with delight as they entered it. All
this caused us to moralize. If a
Grange is too poor to build and own a
hall, none of them should be so poor as
not to build and own a proper shelter
foi their learns, and this idea of sheds
is one that we desire to shed upon
.-r_-.' in». CI v(»-..r 8,000 readers. Donlt

3.» .e'. '0 "111 ft l the sagacioiis servant
‘y’ .-u faithfully for his
U‘l‘U'li a'i.i' 5-1'0-"ides his own clothes.
-ei wme. iii: kind and yet cannot
check for himself We have therefore
.~,.-oh.-.n .or him.

Inside the hall there was a scene of
busy life. It was installation day;
and notwithstanding the storm the
hall was tilled, and every officer elect,
except one, was present and duly in-
stalled,—Ihough some of them in this
big county of ours had come over-land
rs ire than 30 miles, to tes-
tify their interest in the Order. Broth-
er VVestbro3k Divine, a stalwart pat-
ron not unknown in Grange circles,
and W611 and favorably known in
many others all over Michigan, was
our installing officer.

The following are the names of those
to whose official care the destinies of
Kent, No. 18, were committed for the
current year: Master, Asa W. Meech:
Overseer, H. VV. Green; Lecturer, John
Preston; Steward, Robert Dockeray;
Ass’t Steward, L. R. Davis; Chaplain,
E. Manley; Treasurer, Jonathan Best;
Secretary, VV. T. Remington; Gate
Keeper, H. Gaylord Holt; Pomona,
Sister W. T. Remington; Flora, Sister
0. Calkins; Ceres, Sister J. S. Solomon;
Lady Ass’t Steward, Sister Ettie
Leonard.

-«~’:‘lH L411.-c it):

:1 fl‘ 5'5

From this list your readers will ob-
serve that we have a manly chaplain
and the best treasurer in the business,
while in the person of our stalwart
gate keeper we have a brother whose
holt(l) is neither light or trifling, and
woe betide the daring Wight who shall
attempt admittance without the prop-
er word.

But, perhaps, we are a little “too
previous” with our story. We should
before this have spoken of the long
tables that fairly groaned beneath the
good things of the farm and dairy, so
bountifully supplied by Alpine Grange
that many a modest basket was re-
turned unopened to the visiting mem-
bers who brought them, At least that
was the case with ours. Eating is one of
the necessaries of life and no person on
earth knows how to enjoy good victuals
and "lots of ’em” more than a good
Granger. Judged by that standard,
ifyou could -have seen us, you would
have acknowledged that few outranked
us. Verily this is an eating world. In
it all eat to live, and not a few “live to
eat.” These latter are of the non-pro-
ducing class, who would speedily
starve to death if it were not for the
Patrons, who by their industry are
enabled to live on the fat of the land
and have something to sell.
Dinner and supper were served up-

eiithu-i-asm "il!lODL’ lllr _vouii_ er Hl:'ll1
’-'t.‘l-‘5. and l"‘11..Il‘€ the hall two.‘--l we gait

Ti:-: d--«gr. =-l purpose of the Grand Rapids

.4‘

in order for the work, cash and accoin l 53505‘?-' -u.‘ CvmH1€I'Ci&l C011t‘3-'6 38 to l“'9Pf“'°

paiiying applications
were handed in.
of eight. This

new truth to the old
"l)t-lay not until to-morrow what
should be done to-day.” Such work
shouid alway.-1 be done, when it is

for six more
inzil-zivig ii cl.-iss
t'act only gives

asked and paid for, if there be hutozie 3

"Brice  of 

candidate. \Ve thought only to L-ave
two. and were rewarded with eight,
simply because the Grange resolved to
clean up all the work on hand before
we closed. The pait taken by us in
this ceremony “shall be nameless for-
evermore,” but if we were “thy faili-
er’s ghost" we should probably be
more recognizable than-—weli, no mat-
ter now. If we do not forget, we may’
tell ail about it in our next.

Before closing this hasty scrawl, we
.-lionld say that one of the interesting
features of the afternoon session was
the report of Sister ‘W. T. Renaming-
ton on the late session of the
State (érang-i. It was too good
a thing for our Kent County band
to keep all to themselves and so
it was unanimously voted for publica-
tion in the VISITOR. Another inter-
esting feature of the afternoon's work
was the hearing of reports from the
various Subordinate Granges in the
county. These reports did not show a
flagging interest in the good works of
the Order, and it may be confidentially
asserted that the Patrons of Kent not

only propose to hold their own, but to '

largely increase their numbers during
the current year.

Among the distinguished .Patrons
from abroad, aside from our installing
officer, we must not forget to mention
Bro. David Woodman of Paw Paw
and Sister Adams of Galesburg, each
of whom entertained us with agood
old-fasliioned talk. The meeting may
be called a success in every particular,
and tliougii we did not reach our home
until it was almost “to-marrow.” yet
was our enthusiasm so aroused that
we close by saying, “VVhen Kent, No.
18, meets again, ‘may we be there to
see.’ ”

Yours always,
E. D. G. HOLIJEN.

Berrlen County Pomona Grange.

Bro. Cobb:—The following preamble
and resolutions were adopted at the
annual meeting of Berrlen County
Grange, held at Berrlen Centre, Jan,
9th and 10th, 1883:

WHEREAS, Every institution which
bears the name of agriculture which
has been created for and by the agri-
culturalists, paid for and supported by
this class, ought to concede any reas-
onable demands made by those whose
interests it was designed to promote,
and, _

WHEREAS, We believe the course
adopted by the Illinois Industrial
University to be a wise and judicious
policy of allowing the resident farm-
ers of the State of Illinois the benefits
ofa course offree lectures for the month
of January of each year, with the free
use of college hall and library, and al-
8') for the annual agricultural .nsti-
tutes so commendably arranged by
the faculty. Therefore

Resolved, That B’.’1'l'1eI'l County Po-
mona Grange memorialize one or both
branches of our Legislature in behalf
of the young farmers and all others
who may be directly interested, to
grant to them equal, or, if in their
good judgment, better advantages than
those employed by any similar institu-
tion; and further

Resolved, Thata copy of this pre-
amble and resolution be furnished the
GRANGE VISITOR for publication, and
that a copy be placed in the _hands of
our senator and representatives-elect
from this county.

The ‘following resolution was like-
wise adopted:

Resolved, That we ask the State
Grange to petition the National
Grange to give Pomona Granges an
annual word to be used in connection
with the fifth degree word.

Our annual session was attended by
about three hundred members of the
Order, and the reports from Subordin-
ate Granges showed a great increase
of membership and a growing increase
of interest in the Order. You may
place Berrlen County Pomona Grange
as the banner Grange of the State.

The following oflicers were elected
and will be installed publicly at our
next moeting, to be held at Benton
Harbor on April 17th and 18th: Levi
Sparks, W. M.; Almon Heigley, 0.;
John Clark, L.; J. R. Bishop, S.; L.
B. Tryon, A. S.; Miram Fish, C.; C. F.
Howe, Treas.; W. A. Brown. Sec.; W.
H. Cook, G. K ; Mrs. E. Marsh, Ceres;
Mrs. A. N. Woodruff, Pomona; Mrs.
J. H. Jones, Flora; Tamson Smith, L.
A. S. Yours fraternally,

W. J. JONES, Sec’y.

Berrlen Springs, Jan. 13, 1883.

Why is it that a little country like
France is in proportion to resources so
much richer than America? — Ez-
eha-nge. Guess it must be because
Frenchmen sell American women bon-

nets.—B7 oolrlyn Star.

atlage, :

i the <tLillent for the practical diities of life.
! Discipltiic: cf the mind, then. has at the base of
; our scheme of ediicutioii ; and the question to

be aiiswered : Ho W may the greatest degree
of riientzii discipline be obtained '1

1' or further particulars please call, or enclose
stamp for College Journal. Address,

('- G- SVVEN SBURG, Proprietor,

ldecly Gmxr» RAPIDS, Mica.

Kept in the office of the .-Becretary or the
MICIIIGAN S'l‘A'l‘l£ GRAN GE,

And sent out Post Paid, on Receipt of Oak
Order, over the seal ofa Suom-dmate Grange,
and -‘/tr: signature of its Master or Secretary.

Porcelain Ballot Marbles, per hundred,.. 75
Blank Book, ledger ruled, for Secretary
to keep accounts with mcmbers,. . .. .. Z (W
Blank Record Books, (Express paid),_. 1 00
Order Book, containing 100 Orders on the
Tree.-urer, with stub, well bound,... . . 60
Receipt Book, containing 100 Receipts
from Treasurer to Secretary, with stub,
well bound. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Blank Receipts for clues, per 100, bound,
Applications for Membership, per 100, . . .
Membership Cards, per 100, . . . . . . . . . . . .
Withdraw=tl Cards, per doz.. . . . . .. .
Dimits, iii envelopes, per doz.,. . . . . . .. . .
By-Laws of the State Grange, single
copies 10¢. per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
By-Lawa,bound,..  ....   .....
“Glad Echoes," with music. Single copy
15 eta. per doz., . . . . . .  . . . . . . . ..-.. 1
Rituals, single cc-py,.... . . .. .. .. 
“ per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ‘Z
for Fifth Degree, for Pomona
Granges. per copy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Blank “Articles of Association" for the
Incorporation of Subordinate Granges,
with Copy of Charter, all oomplate,... .
Notice to Delinquent Members, per 100..
Declaration of Purposes, per doz., 5c.;
per hundred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
American Manual of Parliamentary Law
(I (A ll (6 ll
(Morocco 'I‘uck,) . . . _ . , , _ _ , , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Address of J. J. Woodman before the
National (}range—— or dozen . . . . . . . . .
Address of Thos. K. eeclier—per dozen
Digest of Laws and Rulings, . . . . . . . . . ..
Roll Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Address, J. T. COBB.
sac’! Mica. Srns Gmuax,
SCHOOLORAFT. MICE.

40
15

MICHIGAN CENTRAL RAILROAD.

___

DF.l‘AI{TUB.P.‘ OF TRAINS FROM KALAXAD00.

Tllln-TAiil.lv.‘ — MAY 13, 1552.
VVESTWARD.

leaves, ______________ __

Accommodation
“ arrives, __

EASTWA RD.

Night Express, ...... _-

Day 1-lxpress, .... __
New York Exprc-.~is,----
Atlantic Express, ___________________ __, ____ __

New York, Atlantic and Pacific i;x;;r;.«.at~.' daily.
Evening Expire-s west and Night Express cast daily
except Saturdays. All other trains daily except Sun-
days. lreiglit trains carrying passengers out from
Kalamazoo as follows: .\'o 2'.) (east) at 5:5‘ I‘. u., and
No. ‘.50 (west) at 7:227.

H. B. Lzpiuap, Gen. Manage; Don-oh,
J. A. GRIER, tieiieral li'i'¢-iglit Agent, Chicago.
0. W. KU'Ju'l.l£.w‘, G. 1’. it '1‘. A., Chicago.

L- S. & L42- S. R. R.

,;,K\LA)1.A.zoo Divi.-iiorz Tnuc TABLI.

(Time 15 minutes faster than Kalarnanoo.)
GOING SOUTH.

N Y & C N Y75"f§7w’7~—
1:‘xpi'eue.‘Ex & Miw"’ h‘
soon: 425 ml 570;:
9 17 “ '

Le. Grand Rapids

. Sclioolcraft ..-
. Three Rivets-
. White Pigeon-
. Toledo ______ __
. Cleveland

GOING "NORTH:
' in re '13’-iv is "W
1161 1 M:ExpresE.iw" "L
_.i245 m i2‘725ms”F'{on:
- 735 -I 700 "gaaon
i
fawn:
,-405 ‘- ‘woo -‘
-‘ ,i2io -‘
, .. , 1
.. , 53':

. Three Rivers -
. Schcolcraft_
. Kalamazoo
. Allegan __
Grand Bapids__ “ a 310 -I
All trains connect at White Pigeon with trains on
main line. A. G. Ausnzir,
Supt. Kalamazoo Division, Kaliunaaou.

CHICAGO & G-BAND TRUNK R. B.
Corrected Tinie-Table—Novcniber 1, 1882.

TRAINS WESTVVARD.

iblailiindi Day irucinc
llixpress, l Express. l Expreu.
No. 6.

STATIONS. ,

i i__: No._2/._ No. 4.
.Port Huron ________ --i 610411 740»: 7561*:
' ' 7 18 “ ___-_-__ _
10

u
u
no
u
LI

9
10
10
1
12
ll
.2 u
u

u

22
05
35
36
10
N
06
17

1
1

)

.4

. Chicago ........... _-

TRAINS EASTWARD.

Mail an'.i‘,»Atlantic

lExpi-ess. Express.

i No. 1. No. 3.
5 16 PM

Surioxs.

u
I u
u
U

Orb

is
It

UICIIBWKO
Ni-dU‘I>-‘|\’IO|8aI'‘U'

—
owmmq
oomomw
Eiemqamhwwm
8| 233$-’3'§8338
2

Ar. Port Huron _______ ..-!

’ All trains run by Chicago time. Alltrlllfl flu
except Sunday.
8. B. Onuwn.

GM. 3. Runs.
Ti-atllc Manager. _Geneni Euperlntondont.

For information as to rates. apply to I. P. Keir:
Local Agent, Bchoolcnft, Mich.


6

allies’ filgpailmtqt.

IN MEMORIAM.

[A poem arritlen by 312;; .11,
memorial Grang-’ Jervis.-
M. D. held Noremb-r l8,
Ken! county .lI1'c/liyun ]

Patrons: --

Witb quiet reverent steps,
In the Grange to-day we are met;
Where stands a chair that used to he
The seat of one we no more see.

His sash is hung above the place,
Where once we saw his genial face,
Draped with the emblems of the grave,
From which earth hath no power to save.
In memory we stand,

Gazing toward that my.-ttic land_
Where our brother's fee-t have sped
Through the BI’8duWS of the dead.
We know the work to which he’s hidden
From our earthly eyes is hidden;
But, within this inner gate,

All his good deeds with Ill wail,-

And we count in m o'er and o'er,
Hoarding them in grcatful store,

As a something that we treasure
With a love that hath no mearure;
As a. legacy that's givcn

From our brother, now in heaven.
And we memorize his face,

Here, in his accustomed place,

When some measure for the poor
Signaled at our inner door,

How, with energy and zeal,

He took up the toiler's weal,
Bearing, with words that had no fear
Upon wrongs, if there or here,
Striving, with a strong endeavor

To advance mankind forever.

We remember, you and I,

In the days that hive gone by.

When the country all around

Was a new unbroken ground,

How he wandered up and down,

In this, and many a neighboring town,
Pausing at the cabin door,

Where the settler, sick and poor,
Needed much the divination

Of the doctor's ministration;

And I think, in want or pain,

No one ever called in vain.

We recall in mournfnl lays

All his kind and social way s,

When he made our meetings here
Brighter with his genial cheer.

All his counsel and advice,

Made, by long experience, wise,

We shall feel as fearful lack,

Save as memory b, ings them back.
This we have to cheer our heart,
Though death force our loved apart,
That no tainting and no stain

Falls upon our lost one’s name.

In the archives of our Order,

He stands forth in all our border,

As a Patron and a brother,

Greater honor hath no other.

Let us, Patrons, you and I.

As these autumn days go by;

As the sore leaves downward fall,
Drsping earth in russet pall;

As the winter months advance

With their white and chilling trance;
Gather up the threads of thought

By these scenes of nature taught;
Weave words and deeds in woof and web
To last and shine when we are dead,
As we are gathering up to-day

The fragments scattered by the way
Of this life that neverm ore

Shall throb and pulse upon earth's shore.
I think we all remember now,

The light that shone upon his brow,
The joyous radiance of his face,

A benediction on his race.

I think we all remember well

Though palsisd tongue forget to tell,
When in the chilly clasp of death
His breast was struggling still for breath,
His last look told that peace and love
He carried to the throne above. '
And from his place amid the blest
Where toil finds labor only rest;
Where soul shall minister to soul,

' While countless ages onward roll,
I think his influence still will be
Our heritage eternally.

J. Kul: for the
for I). U. Pratt
1832. at Ifoc/cforrf,

The Double Surprise.

Mrs. Symes Symington was engag
ed in smoothing down the nap of her
jet! y velvet polonaise with her pretty
white plump hand, on the forefinger
of which sparkled a cluster diamond
ring, on the third finger of which
clung a heavy wedding ring. She
was a plump. rosy little lady, not as
tall by a head as the handsome young
fellow who called her “mother,” and
in whom her whole heart's afleciions
were centered, and to whom she was,
at this present moment, administering
as severe a reproof as she had ever
found occasion to.

Naughty, headstrong Cleve listened
very respectfully, as he leaned his
head on his hand and his elbow on
the mantel plece; listened with an air
that demonstrated the perfect useless-
ness of the arguments his lady mother
advanced. Then, when she paused
in trium hant breath1essness—breath
Iessness ecause of her long sentences,
and triumphant because she certainly
accepted Cleve’s silence as the consent
she aspired to securing; after all this
Cleve smiled—so sweetly, so coolly,
right in her face.

“But I shall marry little Birdie
Lorne, mamma, that is if she will
have me. Now, don’t frown so, you
look so n.-uch prettier when you smile
and blush, litLle mother.. Tell meto
propose to my little sunnyhaired girl
and bring her here for the maternal

in .”
bleflsie lganed his handsome head to
ward Mrs. Symington, and looked at
her in such is proudly coaxing way
that in her fond heart she wondered
how any woman could re-ist him.

Then she shook her head until the
-diamonds in her ears sent their bril-
liant corruscations both far and near.

"How can I, Cleve, when I am mor-
tguy sure Miss Lorne wants your
money? A hundred thousand isu’t to
be secured every day, and tpmarry
for money is to be perfectly miserable.
I married for money, Cleve, and you

.know the life I led until your father
died. You are my only comfort-
donft am me by bringing home 2‘
‘wife who can only endure us for the
kc of what we can give her.”
“Evidently she had forgotten her

run cusses vgisrrogs.

mental decision that no girl with a
human heart could resist her boy’.-i
handsome face. Certainly it was un-
like the proud, self assured Mrs.
Symes Symington to underrate hu-
own importance so tremendously as
she had just done. But. then even the
richest, proudest and haughtiest ‘pon-
ple have their “other side” that only
few friends know, and this was Mrs.
Symingtows “other side.”

She watched Cleve’s face anxiously,
but there was no sign of change of
views in the gray, dcbonaire face,
which the contradicting eyes so grave

y and sternly decided.

“Ywi: mistake Birdie, :—.l.*rg<~?her,
mother, dear. How can it be possible
she wants me for my money, when
lots of other fellows are after licr.-‘.‘,
She is an heiress in her ovvn right-——‘i
forty or fifty t'h«: usand.”

Mrs. Symingron opened her brightl
black eyes.

"Oh! 3- that the case? ‘VV¢-ll—-" l

HM‘ altered tone, her hesitatiivg
worrls, so delightfully euiphaeiz‘-ii,
were enough for Cleve. He caught
her up in his aiin.-', regardlesve-: of her
elegant toilet, and kissed her until
her face was as scarlet as a girl’s.

“Cleve, are you not ashamed of
yourself? Put me down this minute
—-or——y~::u shan’t marry Bir<l——”

He dropped her instantly.

“Ynu’re down, mother. and in just
one hour prepare to see my little dar
ling—all blushes, dimples, smiles and
sweetness.”

He went offrather hurriedly, caught
his hat from the rack, and hail:-da
passing cab that would speed him on
his mission.

Mrs. Symington watched him be-
tween the plum-colored damask cur-
tains, her eyes kindling Mith pleasur
able, pardonable pride.

“The dear boy! he wants me to
think I settled the matter be arranged
long ago. Of course he would have-
married her anyway; just to think
how splendidly he has behaved to
me.”

And something very like the dia
monds in her ears glittering in her
fond eyes as she turned away.

A delightful lmle, octagonal room,
hung with the exact shade of ilalnty
oi.-ik silk that was m-.==-t becoming to
Birdie L-irnels fa?!‘ comple-xion. 'A
pink carpet covered the fl-..n.:x' in an
unbroken expanse of velvet. Chairs.
Ottomans and cushions, upholstered
in pink and ebony. with little lace
ticlies and snowy zephyr mats scattered
gracefully around, with elegantly de-
signed and executed Afghans on the
ottomans and sofas; with the white
walls hung with rare paintings, with
statuettes on pedestals in every availa-
ble niche. A charming. girlishly or-
dered room that opened from the back
drawing room by one door, and into
the beautiful conservatory by another.
A place where tears and trouble ought
never to come, and the sight of both of
which uncanny visitants made Cleve
Symington pause a. noment on the
threshold, as he caught a glimpse ofa
golden head buried in two tiny fair
hands, and heard the unmistakable
sobs that shook the little white-robed
figure crouching in a heap beside a
low hassock. He only hesitated a
second; then with a. look of tenderesz
love, pity and sympathy, crossed the
room to her side.

“Birdie, do not cry so piteously.
Can I sympathize, or do I intrude?”

"She sprang up in a sweet, shy sur
prise, her face all tear-flushed, her
eyes as bright as dew drops. She was
one of those heavenfavored mortals
that weeping beautifies. She only
looked fresher, fairer, and so pitifull
and Cleve’s arms fairly ached to take
her to his heart and kiss her tears
away. And he would, he vowed, rap-
turously in anotherflve minutes. She
took her handkerchief from her pock
et. a little lace affair white and fra
grant and essayed to wipe the tears
from her lashes.

“I am afraid I appear very childish,

. -stely in earnest.

Mr. Symington——but when I think—-
when it is all gone—” ;

Her exquisite lips quivered again.)
but she checked the rebellious teal‘.-.l
bravely.

“I am as poor as a church mouse-
that is all. A letter from my guardian
says everything was invested in a
mining company, and the shares am-

not worth the paper they are printed
on.” Cleve fairly worshipped herl
then, as she honestly explained her
posilion with the quiet, lady-like way
so natural to her.

“It is a misfortune, I admit; and
yet, Birdie, there will inevitable C(I]l - i
one good of it—you will learn who are '
your real friends.”

Somehow he said it so very earnest
ly that Birdie glanced curiously at
him, then dropped her eyes under
the blue-veined long-lashed lids
Cleve was close by her side the next
instant, with her hands imprisoned
in his, and his impassioned eyes fairly
scorching her face.

“You surely understand me, dar
ling? You will let me prove my
friendship, love, my admiration! Lit
tle girl, say you will be my own. Tell
me you love me, and promise me the
great privilege of caring for you for
over, my litile Wife.”

' It was so sweet, this manly, honest,

eager avowal, and coming as it did,

on the very heels of her misfortune.

and from the lips of the only lover‘
she ever had prayed to hear the words
from.

And yef—U, woma.n’s foolish pride!
all her perverse lltllu heart rose in re
bellion at accepting everything and
giving nothing. It never should be
said of Birdie Lorne that she
took the first offer she received
after her misfortune simply be-
cause there was money in it.
So while Cleve waited, smiling patient-
ly at her bowed head, never doubting
that his whole earthly happiness was
just at hand, dreaming such rapid,
blissful dreams of the future, Birdie
deliberately made up her stubborn
will, through horrid pangs of pain;
then she lifted her head in a. proud,
naughty way, that it had often de
lighted in before.

“You are very kind, Mr. Symington,
and I appreciate every word you say,
and I will remember you gratefully to
my -'ying day, but I will marry no
man to whom I would have to feel
undensuch obligations asI would feel
L0 you.”

She spoke gently, but with a proud
ring to her voice. Cleve reeled under
xhe sharp, sudden blow. He clenched
her hands so tightl that her rings
cut into the tender esh, but she only
compressed he; lips, and made no
sign of how it hurt her.

"But, Birdie,” and there was such

agony in his voice that her own heart

quailed a second, “don’t speak of obli-
gations to the man who loves you as I
do; speak as if you knew you would
grace aqueen’s throne, as you Would,
Birdie. Birdie, dou’t be so cruel to
me.”

H. r lipa quivered and her eyes over
fi.v.':ed suddenly.

"You mean what you say, my
friend, I know; or rather you think
you mean it, which is the sain-~; to me,
since I cannot accept it. But you are
only pitiful, kind and sympathetic,
and the sight of my tears and zrieflias
:nuc‘=-ed your great l)G£‘.l‘3..
all.”

Site drew her hands aw.':.y from him
.-mtly, - .

“It is not all. I love you-—"

Then something in her imperious
face made him suddenly llri -:t, and by

3 the way she lo<.»ked and acted, Cleve

.~‘.ymingtou knew that she was d<-.-p-.::r-
She would not mar-
ry him because she was so proud.

And he went sadly away, feellizg
dumb and slupelied, as he walked
home in a strange, daze-l way, that his
fund mother saw from her peeping
place between the curtains; and her
own face lost all its matronly bloom as
he came in, wliiizu-r than -ieutli itself,
and threw himself on the sofa,

Then, when he had told her. be
iween spasms of pain that forced him
101%».-, speechless, the rosy flu.-li crept
.suftly back and into the eyes, fairly
radiating a happy, hopeful thought.

“Try to bear it, my boy,” she said
gently. “Yen have proved what a
noble woman sheis, if nothing more.”

Then she went ()1 smilmg.

5‘:  5'. -)6 it -2-} -2-}

A plain, large room, situated on the
second» stmy. that bore evidence of
very recent furnishing, in the nu W,
cheap, coarse, homely chairs and
tables. Before the small nial1og-r»ny-
framed looking olriss that hung be-
tween the windows, Mrs. Symes Sym
ington was tying lnr bonnet strings
—narrow black ones to a black
5‘ raw box-net, trimmed with (,)u:-ker
p!a.inness—tha’c compared suitaiilgr
with the black alapaca dress and dull
plaid shawl. She smiled at her 1‘: fl--c
tion, then glanced down at her unac-
customed toilet.

"I think I shall be successful--I
will be successful for my boy's sake.
The sight of his patient, pale face will
inspire me to any degree, and if Miss
Lorne is the woman [take her to be,
she will prove it, before an hour passes
over her head.

“Since her descent into poverty——
genteel, ladyllke poverly, however——I
learn she passes this house every day
at 12 o'clock, and takes her dinner at
the restaurant several doors below; so
if I intend to meet her I had better be
going.”

She locked the door, put the key
into her pocket and went down the
stairs into the street——exactly in time,
for a slight, graceful figure, clad in
gray twill, passed quietly by and into
the restaurant. She knew it was
Birdie Lorne, as Well as Cleve would
have known it, although she had
never before seen her. She walked
calmly to the restaurant and took a
seat at the same table with the pretty,
high-bred girl. The place was nearly
full, and Mrs. Symington was glad of
it. She could converse all the better
with this prospective daughter in-law
of hers; and naturally, as sensible
women, the two formed aspeakie-er ac-
quaintance while waiting for the -mal.
All at once, as if suddenly lIX1pl‘v.-.—Se(I
with the idea, Mrs. Symington looked
curiously into Blrdie’s face:

"I beg ardon-but are you not Miss
Louie? am sure you must be the
young lady my son speaks of so
often.”

There was something so kind and
agreeable in the air that Birdie did not
resent it,

“Your son? I certainly am Miss
L'>rne, but you have the advantage of
me.’

“I am Cleve Rymir.-gton’s mother,
dear. There, forgive me, but you see,
I know all about it. I am so thank
ful, to have met you, quite pruviden
riallv.”

Birdie blushed now-as much in
surprise as anything else; and invol-
untarily glanced at the plain, unfash-
louable attire.

"You understand we have been as
unfortunateas yourself, Miss Lsrne.
Everything is gone, and Cleve goes
uut—actually goes out every day.”

A little exclamation of amazement
me: her vague remark; and Birdie
never stopped to wonder Where “eve-
rything was gone,” or if Cleve “went
out, actually went out every day," for
exercise, pleasure or to earn his liv-
ing. Only the impression received by
her was just the one Mrs. Syminglon
intended to convey.

“Pact fellow! Is—he well '2”

“O, yes, perfectly well, and as brave
as a lion; only——forgive me, dear-—
only hopelessly cast down on your
account. I am his mother, and to yr-u,
the only girl he ever loved, I say he
loves you with an affcCtl0H that will
never abate." _

Birdie’L-.' cheeks glowed brighter and
msier, her eyes full of happy smiles.

“And I love him, dear Mrs. Syrnmg-
ton—I did then, only somehow I C(.lll(i
not say so.”

“You do ?——5 on are you sure you do ?
Then tell me to tell him, won’t you ?
or better yet, come home with me and
tell him youself. He may be in or not,
I wont’! say; but if he is—’’ _

Birdie blushed violently, then lifted
her frank 6-\'a.=' “I will ask him if he
thinks I an worthy. Come, dear Mrs
Symington.”

In the cheerless room she sat down, ’

with happy. grateful tears in her eyes,
while Mrs. Sylpiington bi;ou_gh1ll: pfelilcll
and paper wit a curious wire 0 er
mouth tljfthmeant smiles or tears-
either or of .

"He must have staid over noon,
dear; ‘out you just write what you
please, and leaveit. He Wllll be so
happy when he gets it. He Wll come
to you a‘: once, I know. D -n’t forget
your ad ress.

So Birdie poured out her whole heart
completely conquered now, and sealed
the letter to Cleve Syuimgton. Tue-n
she kissed the mother.

. “I am so tbankfpllwe metlso strange

I, dImo (y0DlVe1I1 is
p&bo:,nlittl-i:ipfl:cei:zi‘nd Wvhelll tmylpillfs
are all pal or t e music vac ,a.
the end of the-quarter, why—vfhy If
Cleve wants me so sooin, wenwilll get
pleasantei" rooms, an we e so
happy-”

.j;. x. * -X -)6

“My darling, you don’t regret mar
rying a poor man, and having to live
in a. suit of rooms‘? Look up, Blrdles
and tell me, little wife.”

56 -It

That. is »

She looked up merrily in his eyes,
the wife of six hours, as the two satin
the sunny little room after they had
been married and where Birdie had
lived since the shares had fail.’-'(i her.

“Sorry? O. Cleve, when I think
how thankful I am, and how ncbly
you have endured your sudden loss of
fortune, and how happy we will be-
Wi'.lV, where is mother?“

Cleve laughs-;l as he drev licr lieu?

hair.

"I am inclined to be _j; alou-; or
In ‘flier, who, I think, lms gone .0 the
—g_:oi:e back hum»; M p:‘(*_i)a1‘e a homely
little dinner for us."

"Lvt us go now dear. Dm:‘t scold
Mrs: l<.':tl<-‘-r pziizl uh‘ in full this morn
ii.;g."
then gravely escorted his bride down
to the single: ilOI'5e vehicle in waiting.
The man knew h s. mute and d-a~liesl
nil‘ “rapidly, stopping only when he
l€.':'Ci.l'c‘.d the curb in- front of a large
hou-’: Cleve lork-"d at Birdie in as-
torrsbmeiit. She laug .e-d nerv-Jusiy,
then began to cry.

“Ya uaie not angry, dear.’

mother’:-i I am so happy.”
.He kirseul uer almrm‘ ,
they sat in the little carria;;e.

"My own true, unsclfith little, dar-
ling! 7

They en ered, found 9. delicious lit-
tle —' inner in readiue.-is, and no one to
mar the sweetness of the surpri-2..

Late in the evening, tomml.-. ten
0’c-lo-._-k, Birdie rung for wraps.

“Mother will be waiting for us.
(tome, Cleve, let us go after her and
bring her home here.”

So they drove off through so many
streets that Birdie wondered where in
ihe world they were going.

‘D.u'lirig," said Cl -v-..-, abruptly.
“.-ciialliconfe:-;-1? Shall I tell you I
have a .-surprise. for you equal to your
own‘? Lo 1; out.”

She itlxklibll out, as the carriage
smppeil at the Syinington mansion.
An awning was stretchel from the
door to the carriage 111 unit, and a vel
vet carpet was sp1‘(=a(l for her feet. The

1);}

of elegant dress-ed ladies passed Illa‘
window:-'——it rushed over her like a
l'lI)nd. Cleve haul been I]l8.~'.lqlll3l‘::\‘.ll!)_'-1;
for very love of her.

‘ You forgive me '3"

He looked at her with his splendid
eyes all alight.

"0, I‘-love, how could I help
How you must have loved in .”

He escort-d her in proudly, and
Mrs. Symington, in velvet and dia
monds, met them at the entrance.

“Birdie—daught+.=r.”

And all went me rry as a marriage
bell.-—’1’/ac Di:-2'go Iiural.

1'. 1’

Duties of Railroads.

From the New York Times.

A notable decision was rendered by
the general term of the supreme court
yesterday in the suit brought by the
attorney general, in the name of the
people of the state, against the New
York Central and Eric railroad compa-
nies. The case is the one which grew
out of the freight-handlers’ strike of last
year. The railroad depots became
blocked with freight, and shippers were
put to serious loss and inconvenience
thereby. Attorney General Russell was
appealed to for aid, and he brought suits
for a mandamus to compel the railroads
to receive and deliver promptly all such
freight and other property as might be
offered to or received by them for trans-
portation at the usual and reasonable
rates. A hearing was had at chambers.
before Judge Haight, in response to or-
ders airecting the companies to show
cause why a peremptory mandamus
should not be issued compelling them
to resume forthwith their duties as com-
mon carriers. The counsel for the com-
panies then put in the prelmiinary job-
jection that the moving papers failed to
show any grounds for too relief asked.
and they moved to quash and dismisss
the petitions and orders to show cause.
The motion was entertained by Judge
Haight, who gave the companies’ coun-
sel tlJ.e_right to open and close the ar-
gument. The order of Judge Haight
sustained the preliminary objection.
granted the motion to quash and dismiss,
and denied the attorney general's appli-
cation.

The decision of the general term is a
complete and absolute reversal of Judge
Haignlfs decision, and in the accom-
panying opinion, which was written by
Presiding Judge Davis, the method of
procedure at special term is comment-
ed on In anything but a complimentary
manner. The mode of proceeding, says
Judge Davis, was certainly unusual.
'l‘he proper course would have been to
allow the moving party, in this case the
attorney general, to open and close the
argument. “A notice to quash a mo-
tion." J udgs Davis remarks, “is a novel
proceeding. Motions to quash usually
apply to existing writs or processes, and
not to mere attempts to obtain them.
"-‘ * * Where analternativc writ has
been granted the defendant may move
to quash or set the same aside. * * *
But that was not this case. In this case
no alternative writ having been issued,
there was nothing to quash; and the ob-
jsction made was simply an assection
that the appellants were not, upon their
own showing, entitled to have the mo-
tion granted, and such assertion did not
change the rights of the respective
parties as to the order of proceeding
upon the hearing. As the motion for
mandamus was decided by Judge
Haight, the general term thins. 1t their
duty to hear and dispose of the appeal
upon the merits. The practice at the
special term should, however, be dis-
countenanced as a precedent,” says
J udgs Davis, who then proceeds as fol-
lows:

‘The question presented bv the motion is
one of signal importance._ It is whether the
people of the state can invoke the power of
the courts to compel the exerciss hy railroad
corporations of the most useful public func-
tions with which they are clothed. If the peo-
ple huve that right there can be no doubt that
their attorney-general is the proper oflicer to
set it in efiective operation (.11 their behalf.
The quesiion involves a. consideration of the
nature of this class of corporations, ‘he ob-
jects for which they are create ‘, the PUWGTE
conferred. and the dutiesimposed upon them
by the laws of their creation and of the state.
As bodies corporate. their ownership may ‘be.
and usually is. altogether private, belonging
to the holders of their capital stock. and their
managements may be vsstecl in z-uchpficers
and agents as the stuckholrlers and directors
under the provisions of the law may appoint.
In this sense they are to be regarded as trading
or private co: porations, ‘having in view the
profit or advantage of me corporators. But
these conditions are in no just sense In conflict
with their obligations and duties to the public.
The objects of their creation are from their
very nature largely different from those of or-
dinary private and trading corporations. Bail-
zonds are in every essential quality public
highways, created for public u.‘-_e, but permit-

.‘ _ _ , . thepur-lic.
Li ve bit INS lip :0 hide "I laugh; =
4 pubhc use of such Iv

I «lid not *
know until a month ago that it was.
all ilglit. Cleve, In‘ your sake and‘

, all persons and pro-ncrty on payment of
j«»you.- music-. of the band, lhe flitting ‘

ted tn be owned, controlled, and maria
private persons.
roadsof the respludcnt could not lawfully
exist. Their construction depended upon the

ed by

exercise cf the right of(mii:ent doms.n which
belongs to the state in its corporate capacity
alone, and cannot be conferred except upon it
The state has no power to grant}

.

‘rublious..‘
the right of (‘1I‘l‘IleIlI domain to any
puratiun or person for other than a pu 1.
lie use. EVo;1')’ attempt
that is void by the constitution, and al-
though the i(‘g!SllxI'.1ll'(' may diff-'l’Illll.t" what
is a necessary public use it cannot by any

C02‘-

bcv nvl
L irefused

1 U gu

portion of the Tlzitlt of eiziirent (ipiziaiu \\rlll('ll

, it may confer. This characteristic of ‘put; 1 -

use is in no sense

_ ustur Lli.".!lIlI§IlL'-3 by the
f:ic_t that the use «

f the railroad by the curpo

But for this quality t c ra1l- .

FEBRUARY 1, 1883.

ll that unskilled men who were thereupon
, emploved caused the neglect and re-
l fusal complained of. “According to the
E,-etatement of the case,” the judge goes
on to sav. “a body of laborers acting in
concert fixed a price for their labor and
refused to work for less. The respond-
1' cuts fixed a price for the same-labor and
to pay more. In doing this
neither did an act vii-lative of any law

' _ g , =_.,,,,,,,-,.,,,,c,,,,e,,, d,,—,.,.,,.,,-,h._,, ,.h,,mc,,_r Emmi’-r subjecting either to any penalty.
.0 I11.‘-1 shoulder and .-.moo.he.d hen '

._'l"’he respordents had a lawful right to
; take their ground in respect of the price
l to be paid and adhere to it if they chose,

rutiuiiwhich1-ciiistriictsnr o\vn_sit1nu:-I from 3 llllt if I119 ¢‘Ull5<’(il1f‘1l(‘9l" 1'1-I dfllllg E0

itsiiatarc be exclusive. That incident grows

of any CI1_lH}l‘Il(:Il

, _ , The-_:ener:il and p.:pulur use nfa railroad as a.
ll9('8l1>3»‘i I ordered 9. carriagr-, will vow.’ ,
" 3 in corp rate man:-."(men'. and control. lecausi-'

m,r:hw:=.y is therefore ll.'l.1l(lL(l over exclusively 1
that l.\ for the hoist. nd nianifest 8liVa1:[3;,'(* cf 1

has .~llnW1l that lii;:hw'

he can only be secured rim u-_.h the own’ rshlp,

 inunagcnient, and control of cn:'p<>rct(= l)<-d'cs,l

created for that piirpnsc. and the people of the 2
state are not restricted from availing them-
s'.-.l\'v.-.-‘ of the best uindcs fu: the carriu 'c of
H: r pcrsors and property. There is not line
in the constitution hostile to the aduptn-n and '
use :-y the state of any and every In-wly «lo;cl- ,
oped fnrni or kind of travel and traffic which '
have a public use for their end and aim. and l
giving to [llc-Ill vital activity by lh(‘I1S\.‘ of llivl
power of i-mincnt duniuin. W hen the I?:Ll‘llC<I 1
c-~n.~titution of our state was adopted railroads E

l vvurv unknown. The public higliways of thcl
» stlitc were its turnpike.-, UX‘(lll’l.'ll‘_‘,' roads. and‘

navigable waters. The cxcrm.e=(-, uf cmivcnt dn- !
main in respect to them w.-s permitted by the l
constitution for the same reasons that adapt it ‘
n .w to thz- greatly improved methods of tr:.v<-l l
and trainspxrrtatiiin, and in making this adap- l
tiun there is no enlarged sen’-c given tn the
l nguagcuf the constitution so long as its in-‘'
. rent purpose — the creation nnly of public
uscs-~bc faithfully o bscrved." I

Judge Davis then pioxee-.led to cite vu-
rious decisions showing that no lnuttcr
by whom a road is built or owned the
functions performed are those of they

state. All public highways are subjects 3 ,

of gnneral state siipcrvision. l.-eczui-r

thvir m-vcs are the common prr-purty of

the public. As to those public highwavr. ,
known as railroads, the ciimnrrn law inf
fortified by the expre‘-.--‘s conditions of the ,*
statiitcs creating. regulating or control- w,
ling them. The gr no-ral railroad act of l
the state imposes on cnmpanie.-< the diity»

to “furni;~l_- accomnimlstions for all pas j ’ '

sengere and property, and‘ to transport 
fare or frei-,v,hl-." The corporation by ac-
cepting the trusts imposed upon it
"br:C()I1lCH an agency of the state to ger-
fcrm public functions which might otli- ‘
erwise be devolved upon public nfiic-en-z" l
as is the case with regard to other public 
highwrvs. Concerning these latter
Judge Davis says:

- “The aiialo-,,y lr;-tween such officials and r:-.il-
rmul corporations iv‘ regard to their relations‘
to the state is strong and clear, and 1-mfnr as
after-t.<th_c construction and proper and elli-
cient_xnaint-‘-nance of their railroad will be

uestioncd by noonc. It IS equally clear. we
tj ink. in regard in their duty as common car-
riers of persons and property. This s rrings
sharply out of the exclusive nature 0 their
right to do these things. On other public high
ways every person may be his own carrier. or
he may hire whnmsoever he will to do that
service. Between him and such v mplnye a
special and pr rsunal relation exists independ-
ent of any public duty, and in which the stale
has no interest. In such a case the carrier has
not contracted with the state to assunie the
duty as a public trust, nor taken power to do
it from the state by bewoming the:-ipeci -l dunee
and depusiti.r_y of a trust. A good reason may
therefore be assigned why the state will not by
xnzmdam us enforce the performance of his con-
tract by such a carrier. But the reason for such
a rule altogether fails when the pn blichighwav
is the exclusive property of a. body corporate
Wl11(’l1 ulone has power to use it, in in manner
which of necessit ' requires that all rn:umge-
ment, control, an use, for the pur uses of car-
nage. must be limited to it.self,an which, as:
condition of the franchise that grants such ab-
solute and exclusive power over a user of a
public highway , has contracted with the state
to accept the .dut ‘ of carrvingall persons and
property wiihin t 9 scope of its charter as a
publi" trust. _ It is the duty of the state
to make and maintain ublic highways. .
ltis not the duty of t _e state to be or become
acummon carrier upon its public highways. but
it may in some cases assume that duty, and
whenever it lawfull (1083 so ‘the execution of
the duty may be en orced against the agents or
officers upon whom the law devolves it. '

A review is then given of a. number of
decisions, in which it was held that rail-
roads could be compelled by mandamus
to p-: rform certain express and implied
obligations arising from their charters,
such as the running of passenger trains
to the termini of ‘roads. the making of
convenient crossings, the construction
and maintenance of fences, etc. These
obligations, snvs Judge Davis. are no
more binding than is the duty to carry
freight and passengers. This dntyis. in
fact, “the ultima ratio of their existence,
the great and sole public good, for the
attainment and accomplishment of which
all the other powers and duties are given
or imposed. It is strangely illogical to
assert that the state through the courts
may compel the performance of every
step necessary to bring a corporation
into aoondition of readiness to dothe
very thing it is created to do. but it is
then powerless to compel the doing of
the thing itself.’_’ _As to the point that
the state is not injured by the refusal of
a corporation to perform its duty, and
has, therefore, no interest in the ques-
tion, Judge Davis says it is no test that
the state suffers no direct pecuniary in-
jury. The sovereigutv of the state is in-
jured whenever any public function
vested by it in any person, _natun-.l Ul
artificial. for the pubhcpgood is not used
or is misused or is abused, and
it is not bound to inquire wheth-
er some one or more of its cit-
izens has not thereby received a
special injurv forvwhich he may recover
damages in his private suit. Such an in-
jury wounds the sovereignty of the hlkile.
and therebv, in a legal sense, injures
the entire body politic. The state in
such a case as this has no other adequate
remedy._ The fact that individuals may
have private remedies for the damage
done them does -not preclude the state
from its remedy by mandamus. Again,
the provisions of the railroad act. 38
amended by chapter 123 of the Laws of
1880, which give corporations powerto
regulate the time and manner in which
passengers and property shall be trans-
ported, cannot be construed to justify a
general or partial suspension of receiv-
ing and transporting freight.

After laying down the law.of the case
in this manner, Judge Davis passes to
an application of it to the peculiar cir-
cumstsnces of the present proceedings.
The complaint was in effect that the
roads had uniformly delayed and some-
times peremptorily refused to receive
and deliver freight andto transport the
same, and that thereby great loss and
damage accrued to the people of the
state for which there was no adequate
remedy in damages, and that the trade
and commerce of this city were greatly
injured by the action of the 1‘81l_1‘08d8.
Tnese allegations, says J udge'Dav1s, are
broad enough to show a quite general
and largely injurious refusal and
neglect to perform the duties of
carrier, and the supporting affida-
vits go far to sustain the allega-
tions. The only excuse offered by the
companies was that their frei ht hand-
lers had refused to work for 1 cents per

hour and had demanded 20 cents, and

-

The pruzrrss of 5L'lL'l1CO and skill 
_r.in.'ay he created for‘
in and kind that the best t
j and must ailvantngcclizs. (-njnyrnc-ut by the pub.

. of thcpcurt as Well as

»!~‘aI!'l1l5[(.‘

( _ ‘ Hm mdhod ‘f In which m (Km Lad fl were an inability to exercise their cor-
. L - - x .- ‘ . J '. _ ' ‘ - , - , ‘ ~
' m i U I'n t'<>ImI:U!1 lo’ IlIl(},p“[-Jljlzf.  porate franchises to the great ll. jury of

the public, they cannot be heard to as-
sert that such (‘0l.'1l~.IE't]ll6‘llCt‘, must be
shouldered and home by an innocent
public.who neither din,--. tlv norindircutly
If. how-
[ever. it had been shown that a strike of
. the skilled laborers Iifikl been caused or
compelled by some illcgal combination

.pm‘ticipafed in their causes.

for organized body which held unlawful

control of their actions, and sought
through them to enforce its will upon
the companies. and tl.-at the latter in re-
sisting such iinluwfiil rflkxrts had re-
l'ur.ed to obey unjust and illegal dicta-
tion, and had used all the means in their
power to employ other men in sufficient
numbers to do the work. and that the
refusal and neglect complained of had
;zrown out of such a state of facts, is
very different case would have been pre-
sented for the exercise of the discretion
of the ;-itturncy
general. The facts as shmvn in the pa-
pers reduce the mi:-slion to this: Can
railroad corporations refuse or neglect
to perform their public duties upon a

] controversy with their cniplnyes over the
l

cost or expense of doing them. As to
this Judge I)-‘.VlF= remark-:
"We think this qurv.~t.im* :i.".'iiif.~:1-flail nut’
answer The r-xi 11!s’t‘ll8.l*'-Ill law ro validity. The
‘-~ 'i2prs-;(-ul inust lu-(ii.-utln-rgc<l at \Vl.\!tI,\‘Vl,‘l'
. -3‘ cannot be laid «lawn ur ananduned
nx‘ .‘illS'p(‘Tl(‘lHi WlTlllllll lh-~ legally t‘_‘([)I‘(‘~‘.SL’(f
(‘uni-tn, uf th _«.-lriic. The trusts are iictivv,
puittlltléll,‘uniiinpl*l'P1tlVP.:IlIli n.ii.-at l c exe.-up
ed until luwfull .~'1lri'r-mlr-rvxil; ntltrzsvisv a
l>“l‘l"7 l11L”l1}’V1'I'<*fl:rv:at utiluy is close d or nl;--
withuut my pr 't'.\'R vccuguizul by
l:Lw._ l'li'..-< Hi .~a0r1u—!iIinv "n [,ul;li<' nfij,-pr; lmrg.
_ _ ‘ ind -lut‘1«*.~‘in rv gziill to
g.-thcr public highwu .n» lib without subject-
l..g,’llll1li~‘t‘lffl> man. ..x1'.:.~Inl‘ iiitllctymam, \V(
urn not uhlctu perceive ihv .1 ilir'ultir'.~: ihai
crinburrii.-'2-(ll the court below as tn the form of
a »I4l‘1T._Ilf1Il8.llfilllll1]S in El1('ll ca-cs. ll [H true
rhc writ must be specific as to the thing to be
«lmie; but the thing to by done in this ca:ic was
I» resume the dunes of carriers uf the glmd-.
and property ulfvrcd for tn, Sllllrlalltill-' that
is. t - l'('(.L'lV(‘, carry, and tll‘llV(‘l‘ the sonic un-
der the existing rules and I'P§.{ulflIll)IlS as the
bus iwss had been ::.ccin~tumcd to |:(- dune.
l'licrc was no ii:><-essity to specify what kinds-
oi goods should be first rcccive-d or carried, or
who’-‘c goods. or, ind ed to take any notice of
the details of the estahl-shed usages of the
companies. It was the people who were invuk_
mg the writ. on their own behalf, and nut for
some private suitor, or tp rcd:V(-_ss ltjdjvidual
injuries. fhe prayer oftm [)(‘llI.l(‘Ll lXl'llCa[(.‘(‘.l
the proper fc rm of the writ.“
Before concluding Judge Davis takes‘
occasion to remark that the court is not
governed by the fact that the time has
passed when such )3. want as is asked for
can be of any valuable effect. There is
ujlirlgment against the appellants which
it erroneous they are entitled to have
reversed. The order of Judge Haight is
reversed with costs, and a new order is
to be entered, "if deemed advisable
from any existing circumstances by the
attorney general awarding the vrrit.”

Circular of the Slate Normal School.

The second tcim of the vear commen-
ces on Tuesday, February 6th, and closes
Wednesday, June 27th, l883 Examina-
tions for entrance occur on Monday, Feb-
ruary 5th, in arithmetic, grammar, geog-
raphy, reading and spelling.

Instruction will he give in during the
tcrm in all the common and most of the
higher branches of study.

While students are admitted at any
time, it is very desirable to enter at the
opening of a term.

EXPENSES

Each member of the Legislature can
appoint two students from his own dis-
trict. who are admitted free of charge.
Other students pay an entrance fee of $5
each term.

Board and furnished rooms can be ob-
tained in private families at rates vary-
ing from $3 to $4 per week. Many by
“clubbincz" reduce the expenses of board
to $2 or 82.50 per week. Others board
themselves and thereby bring their ex-
penses within $2 per week Self board-
ing is not recommended.

For catalogues or further imformation
address the principal at Ypsilanti.

D. PUTNAM, Acting Principal.

THE MARKETS.

Grsln and Provisions. ,
wmiA'r——s'rno2m

Livi-:1irooi.. Jan. 30 --Wheat.old, N0. 2 .~prin£-.'.
steady. 95 ‘ad; No new in market; No. 1 white.
steady; 93; new western winter, steady. 9s 3d.

NEW 1’onx,Jan. 30.— Flour, sales 13,000 bbls;
dull, slightly in buyer's favor. Wheat. opened
%1@% lower, afterwards recovered the decline;
trade moderate; No. 1 white $1.149.’;sa.les,80 (I10
bu. No. 2 r d Feb., s1.15@L1.sy,;_ 320,000 bu.
Mar , $1.17‘/§@1.1754; 48.01) bu.. April, 81 l9li;@

.1ll‘)é;. Receipts 128,fI)O_ bu. May, $1.19 '@I,-
zulé Corn. without decided chn.nve;fair usi-
nesrumixed western, spot, 625-§@l’l3..‘; futures
fl6?{,@li'l|,§. Oats, ‘,§@}q lower: western. 46@52.
Pork, quiet. firm; new mess, 318.37% @ 18.75.
Lard.a trifle better; steam rendered. $10.97!’;
@1111). _

Dz-rnorr. Jan. 30.—12:35 r. _x.—-Flour $1.500
5 (1). Wheat. ntroni; No. 1 white 81.03; he . {L-
[)2%; March 1.0«l ’ : April $1.07; May 31.1 9; -'o.
2 white. 95: u. 3 white. 86; No. 2 red. $1.05;
rejected. 75c. Corn, steadry. dull: N0. 2. 54%.
Oats. steady, dull;No. 2, 40 (£4056; No. 2 white,
4294'.

For 24 hours. Flour.
Bec'pts....' .... .. 1.389 ‘.L';,l'.3 430 2.284
Ship to: . . . . . . . . . . 1.673 11,156 11,822 4.288

TOLEDO, Jan. 30. -— Wheat, active and firm;
No. 2 spot. $1.04 ; Jsn.. $1.0ll4. bid; Feb. 81.04‘/,;
March $l_..(B7a'; April, $1.09‘/é; May 81.11%: July
$1.069; b1d;No. 3 97@975§; rejected II)-V. rn.
quiet, firm;high mixed. 55; No. 2 spot, 5434;
rejected49; no grade 48@-15-/g. Oats, nominal;
No. 2 spot. 38%. -

Onroseo. Jan. 80 —Wheat. firmer: regular,
81.02% J_an.: 631.02% Feb.; $l.0354_ MAL: $1.-
094 April; $1.os3~e@1.uax,a May: aprinz. 31.0295;
winter $1.04. lower: 54%, @ 54); cash.
Oats. steady: 369.1 cash, Jan. Pork higher;
317.4754 Feb. Liar-‘l. higher: $10.'l'1% ileb.

C'HICAGO._ Jan. 30.-—Pork. Jan. $17.40, Fell.
$17.50- April 317.82%. May $lB.07%; June $18.-
17‘/sz uly $18.30.

Wheat. 097-». Oats.

Groceries.

NEW YORK, Ja.n.30.—Butter, quiet firm for
western, 16@85; Elgin crsamery. B7@l'8. Cheese.
steady: 4@14. Sugar, dull. Molasses. quiet.
Petroleum, weak. Bice. steady. Cofiec. uiet.
Tallow, firm; 8%. Western eggs, firm; 27 ‘£8.

CHICAGO WHOLESALE PI1ICES—TIM.ES REPORT.

Sugar, stand. A,8%@8% Butter, dairy. 22g28
granulated .... . . 9 ex. creanfry 34 36
Dricdapples... 7@7‘/5 ladle pack‘d 12@]7
Potatoes, E ruse 75@7B Eggs, f1esb.... 27@28
Fes.thers,lv gees 5l@56 Beans h 1pick‘d 2.80-35
chicken. d pick. 4@5 Seeds, (3 over. . 7.50-8,(X)
scalded  .. 2@2y, timothy... .. l.75.2.0(

"“" Live Stock.
EGGS DULL-'0A'.l‘T1E DRAGGING.

CHICAGO. J an. 30.—Hogs, receipts 82.(€0-. fan-ly
active, dull, and prices unchanged: light. $5.90
@6.lO; mixed_packiug $6.m@6.35; heavy pack-
ms and shipping. $6.4c@s.85. Catt’e—receipts,
64110, over supplied, dull and dragging; prime
t$”'§‘@5-gr; E00d4:‘o ghonie. $5.1U@5.25: common

0 air .Il{g;4. - u p _* .4 . -4 -_
ers $3.00@4.40. ’ to H’ $2 20@ 50' mod‘-


FEBRUARY 1, 1883.

jijuulta’ Eepaqinteut.

A CHANCE FOR EVERYBODY.

There's a. chance for eyerybody in the whole
wide wold,

A chance that cometh soon or c.')u1eth late,

VVhen we may retrieve our losscs,and unmind-
ful of life's crosses

VVin a g‘ad and glorious victory over fate.

The-r~:'s a chance for everybody in the whole
wide wor.cl,

A chance to do a favor for a friend,

To prove a benediction, and to lessen an attic-
tion

And with feeling heart at helping hand to ‘end.

There's a chance for everybody in the whole
wide world,

A chance to win a fortune and a name,

When with inspiration‘s power we may seize
the golden hour,

And find ourselves exalted unto fame.

There's a chance for everybody in the whole
wide world,

A chance to reach the goal and take the prize,

If we watch the tide v.hat’s going in its ebbing
and its flowing,

And are quick enough to take it on the rise.

There's a chance for everybody in the whole
wide world.

To make a safe and prosperous advance,

But the prospect is so hazy to the timorous and
the lazy.

They sit and mourn they never had a chance.

There's a chance for everybody in the whole
wide world,

To fi l the soul with never ending bliss,

Or perform an act of kindness, but alas in all
our blindness,

There are many. many chances that we miss.

. 

Why the Deparlmenlis Short.

./ii/,nl1\'2Iua:—I will answer to your
call and say, “present,” I did feel
quite ashamed to see our paper start
out on its new year without even a
word fl om the cousins, but perhaps
after taking so l0l1_'." a rest they may
start out with renewed energy. I think
that the most of the cousins spread out
so in the first start that they told all
they knew, so they have to wait for a
new recruit.

If so many had not crowded them-
selves in under the title ofyoutlis that
are old enough for us to call aunt and
uncle, our department would have
been as well filled as it was at first.
But there are so many older ones that
are so much farther advanced than us
younger ones that we have stepped
back and let our elders take our places
I like to see them advance their ideas,
but if I was to have my choice I would
in ich rather see them in adepartment
by themselves, and I think the editor
would give them one.

Aunt Nina, I do not think that you
are so very old, I always think of you
as a middle aged lady, wife of our
Worthy E litor, have I not guessed
right?

Y )LlI' Niece, LISA.

January 22, 1883.

__.__._.._.._.:__.

From an Old Youth.

Aunt Nina: You have had my very
best wishes and have them yet in
your effort to draw outthe minds oftbe
youth, and get them to express their
minds on paper.

When Uncle Nine opened the
Y0uth's Department I was pleased 10
see the number of letters from the
younger youths, and the rapid plo-
gress they madein composing and the
language they used. But it seems
some older ones thought they should
have the department to themselves
and they Wrote in so tony a
style that they scared the smaller fish,
busted themselves and killed Uncle
Nine. I then thought all was <,".'r-r,
but when Aunt Nina resurrected the
department and labored so hard to
rmake it a success, I looked forward to
a bright future. But when I saw some
so dignified ihat it was beneath them
to write to Ann: Nina, and some were
so full of the 132111138 of ancient authors
and scraps of history that can be found
in common school books, I thought
poor Aunt Nina, you too must soon
go. But when the idea was suggested
that they write on some subject, I
looked again for a rare treat and re-
-ceived one, as some of the letters were
written ina candid manner, which, no
doubt, was characteristic of the
authors. Others reminded me of the
-old deacon who was called to account
by the church for cheating in trading
horses. He said: “Brethren, I have
one bad fault, and that. is, when I
trade horses I remember and tell all
the good qualities of the horse, but for-
get all the bad ones.” So it is with
the writers, they remembered all the
bad qualities of the opposite side and
told them, and forgot that all persons
and su'~‘je.:l:s have their good qualities
as well as bad ones, and that in dis-
cussing them we should consider both
sides, and by so doing give a sound
reason for our opinions.

Aunt Nina you may think my crit-
icism too hard and consign it tothe
waste basket, as you have a right to
do. But if you do, please remember
I am a friend of the youth.

GRAND!-‘A.

To make sauce for boiled rice, beat.
the yolks of three eggs into sugar
enough to make it quite sweet. Add
a teacu of cream and the greated peel
and jufce of two lemons._ This is a
good sauce for other puddings, especi-
ally corn starch pudding.

_¢_——————:———--———

Foa snow balls, ' place some rice in
milk to swell; strain it off, and add
one teaspoonful of lemon and cinna-
mon ; put the rice around apples pared
and cored ; tie in a cloth and boil well.
To be eaten with cream, flavored with
vanilla.

ltnmmunxr
River and Harbor Bill No. 2.

It require» no argument to convinr-e
the masses that “commerce among the
States” -ught to be regulated. That.
is an anxiom. The great and difficult
problem to be S,(:lv't(i is, how Shhll it be
done? Shall itbv done by river and
h£|1'l()t‘ appropriations, or ly a law
similar to the Reagan Bill, or by gov-
ernment ownerslii- ‘.’ We are aware
that the suhj---ct of r:1«ll'uad.-5 and their
management has been discussed by
abler writers than the author of this
article, but it occurs to us that nearly
the whole drift 0. the discussions thus
far has been more particularly a dis
cussion of the principles and legal
questions involve.l in the ownership
of the roads, and rrlate to State super-
vision or regulation, which We shall
not cnilsider or discuss in this con-
nection. The qu<-.»-tion of ownership
is foreign to this i-ubject—tl1e regula-
tion of commerce among the States

In a previous communication on
river and harbor appropriations (of
which I desire this to be a supple
ment) the term c nmmcrne was ale
fined, and if the operations ofrailroads
came within that dcfiiiition ‘hen the
question is, how shall their operations
be regulated, and before we can arrive
at a rational conclusion we shall have
to thoroughly investigate the his ory
of railroad management in this
country and in Europe, which we oc
sire to no in a future article. To show
that the operations of railroads in
carrying freights, etc ,come within the
definition mentioned, we quote again,
as we desire to use the lingusge of the
supreme court: "Commerce c insists in
selling the superfluity; in purchas-
ing artlcles of neoes-lily as well.
productions as manufactures; in buy
ing from one nation and selling to an-
other or in transporting the merchan-
from the seller to the buyer to gain the
freights. The subject, the vehicle, the
agent, and their various operations
become the objects of commercial re -
ulation.” It seems to us that the ope-
rations of railroads come clearly within
this definition.

That Congress has the power to reg-
ulate commerce am:-n Slates there can
be no doubt, and to satisfy all who may
read this article of the truth of this
statement. I quote from “Transports
tion Routes to the Seaboard,” page 80,
 : "That every important word =n
the clauses which confer the ‘power to
regulate commerce among the States’
and to make all laws which shall he
ncce-sary and proper for carrying it
into execution” has received judicial
construction by the supreme court of
the United States and that under such
constructions the power of congress to
regulate inter-State transportation by
railroads, and to aid and facilitate com-
merce, is clearly established.

“In a very recent case, the Philadel-
.>hia & R ading railroad vs. P nnsyl
vania, decided at the Dec mber team
of I872, the supreme court says: ‘Be-
yond all question the transportation of
freights or of the subjects of commerce
for the purpose of exchange 0. sale isa
constituent of commerce itself, this
has never been doubted, and probably
the transportation of articles of trade
from one State to another was the
prominent idea in the minds of the
franiers of the C().ll:ltll:lltl0i'.l when to
C >.=~gress was committed the power to
reg date commerce among the States ’
To regulate commerce means to pre
scribe the rules by which com Lerce is
to be governed.”

Concerning the words “power to
regulate,” ChicfJustice Marshall -ays:
“This power like others vested in Con-
gress is complete in itself, may be ex
ercised to its utmost extent audac-
knowledge no limitations other than
are prescribed in the constitution.”

To show conclusively that this pro-
vision of the constitution has been
construed by the court so that there
can be no doubt in the m.nds of any-
one that congress has the power to
regulate, etc., on land and water, I
quote again. II the United States vs.
Cooms, Mr. Justice Story says: “The
power to regulate comm: we include
the power to regulate navigation, as
connected with the commerce of for-
eign nations and among the Stiles.
It does no‘. stop at the mere boundary
line of aState; nor is it confined to
acts done on the water, or in the
necessary course of navigation there
of. It extends to such acts done on
land which interfere with, obstruct,
or prevent the due exercise of the
power to regulate commerce and navi-

aliens.

gation.” I quote again : "In deliver-

ing the opinion of the court in the
Genesee Chief vs. Fitzhugii (12 How-
ard U. S. 244) Chief Justice Tansy’,
arguing that the admiralty jurisdic-
tion could not be made co-extensive
with the power to regulate commerce,
says: ‘The power (the commercial
power) is as extensive upon land as
upon water. The constitution makes
no distinction ir. that respect, and if
the admiralty jurisdiction in matters
of G-)I1’.1'aCl. arid torts may lawfully ex-
ercise on the high seas, can be extend-
ed to the lakes, in can with the same
propriety and on the same construc-
tions be extended to contracts and
torts on land where the commerce is

use cease

E VESEEQB.

between dlffe.-i'enl, Staffs, and it may
also embrace the vehicles and the per-
sons engagsd in carrying it on.’ ”

\Ve have made these leng‘! y quota
tions to show our readers; t at ' ur mate-
ments are made on the authority of
the court 0 last resort, and that we
need only to determine how zhisprob
lsm shall be solved and then proceed
to solve it and not be severed from
that determination by the able discus
sion of the ownership of the roads
through the press for the purpose of
diverting attention from the real ques-
tion at issue. VVe are happy to state
that so far as we have examined the
C1385 de -ided by the court, it has uni-
formly held that r.-ongress has the
power to regulate commerce or trans
portation airong the States, and that
power has been exercised already in
the passage of the act of July 15, 1866,
and again in 1943 The last mentioned
act relates to the shipping of live
stock, and this authority is recognized
by all the road-. We do not believe it
wise to arrive at conclusions without
careful study and investigation. We
are not sure that the whole subject
under consideration can be adjusted by
a law similar to the Reagan Bill, but
we believe many of the abuses now
pram-ticed can be remedied or abated
by dirwct legislation. It seems to us
that this question should enter into the
next political campaign, and only
such congressmen should be elected as
are in favor of givingthis subject their
best attention, and “use their best en-
deavors” to regulate railroad trans-
portation.

In sludyiug the history of the
R:agari Ii-ll we learn that February
2,1881, it being the regular order of
business on the speaker’s table, Mr. S.
S. Cox raised the question of consider-
ation, and the house refused to con-
sider the bill, years 98, nays 1:30, and on
June 5,1882, Mr. Reagan moved to
suspend the rules. and that it be set
for consideration on Tuesday, the 12-h
day of December, 1882, and that its
consideration be continued until dis-
posed of, not to interfere with the cor.-
sideration of appropriation bills or bills
for raising revenue. which was dis-
agreed to, years 12], nay-.1 78. In this
vote for consider.-*.tion I fini only three
of Michigan’s uiemb-. rs recorded
among the yevs and four ainorlg the
nays—-Lwo not recorded. I presume
each member had agood reason for
his osing as he did. I refer to this
effort to .ave this great que tion con-
sidered, for I believe it is important
that we :hould know whether our
represenlalives are ready to consider a
question of so much importance to the
people, as the regulation of inter State
commerc There isagrowing feeling
amongst the masses that this question
ought to be considered and adjusted at
nolafe day, so that the rights of all
concerned shall be practical, and it
seems to me that the railroad compa-
nies must see the storm gathering and
if wise in their councils and manage-
ment, they will adjust their tarifi‘.-: so
as to remove unjust discriminations
and all causes for complaint.

"A SCRUBB "

Adrian, Lenawee 0)., Jan. 23, 1883

Appellant Laws.

Mr. Editor.-—I have read the article
of Thomas J. Hiller, E q , in the last
VISITOR, with some care, but am not
convinced by his plausible arguments
that his position iscorrect, f..-i' I believe
something ought to Us done touclli g
the subject which he discusses. I 0
not propose to enter into a discussion
with him, but simply desire to call his
attention. and the attention 0, all who
read the VISITOR, to a statute similar
in its operations in the probate court
to the one recommended for justice
courts. '

Mr. Hiller is a lawyer and a justice
of the peace in his township, conse-
quently he is familiar with the statute
from which I quote: “No appeal
shall be allowed from the decision and
report of the commissioners except in
the following cases: First, when such
commissioners shall disau-ow any
claim in favor of any creditor, or of
the estate, whole or in part, to the
amount of twenty dollars. Second,
when the commissionersshall allow
any claim, in whole or in part, and
the sum allowed being objected to shall
amount to twenty dollars, in either of
which cases the aggrieved party may
appeal"——Compiled Laws of 1871, page
1,400, sec. 22.

Cimmissioners are appointed by the
probate court “to receive, examine
and adjust all claims and demands of
all persons against the estate” of do
ceased persons, and their “decision
and report” is final, from which there
shall be no appeal except as provided
in the section quoted.

We hear no complaints concerning
this statute in our experience in the
settlement of estates, and we have
little faith that the smoothly-written
article of our friend Hiller will con-
vince the people that our civilization
will lapse into barbarism if the Legis-
lature should pass a law analogous to
the one mentioned above if it has the
power to do so. I am not thorougly
convinced of the refining and civiliz-
ing influences referred to, growing out
of trials in justices’ courts. I must
close this article, for I am using much
of your valuable space.

“CIviLrza'.". N

Adrian, Jan. 24, 1883.

.~

The Liquor Question.

In the GRANGE VISITOR (sfJ‘:.L1lal‘)’
1. twenty-six reasons are given why
the sale of intoxicating liquors should
be prohlb ted. Tl-.i-se twenty-six rea-
sons a e very fairly stated and are too
true to be passed over without an ef-
fort being made to change the fesrlul
condition an lI1I)l‘Op8i‘ use oflu.oxi-
eating drink has produced not only on
the one who u-ic:sit'b .t also to arr stthis
great distu her of the peace and happi-
ness of familiesand oft times on whole
communities.

Now, the question is how -‘-an we go
to work to lessen these twenty rlX
charges, and in the good time mming
wire th.- in all out. VVill prohibition
do it? Judging cf the future by lire
past ‘it will not; you can’t destroy a
man’s appetite for strong drink by
law, and in too many cases the al-
tempt to do so seems to have the efll-ct
to make men more determined to con-
tinue to ..se it. Will preachingsgaimt
its use produce much eflbct either on
the seller or the user‘? No, for the rea-
son that neilbo.-r go to hear it, and if
they did asa geuelal thing it would
only have the e tlkct 0;’ making each
more bitter against the other

I was much pleased a short time
since in rea"ing a sermon delivered by
the R-.v. (1.0. Brown who had first
ln:'..rin2d himself of how saloons were
éouducted by visiting them, and in a
frank ani manly way telling those in
charge his object in so doing, and
«- hile ne did not spare the seller or the
user in describing the crimes, degredm
tion and misery it produced he done it
in such a way, that not only those who
make an improper use of it; but the
saloon keeptr himsel. could not help
but acknowledge that the Rev. gen-
tleman had made such a fair state-
ment of the case as would induce them
to w. nt to abandon the traffic were it
not for the money that’s in it.

Will lecturing against its use change
men’s habits to any great extent‘? I
fear not, for two reasons, one is that-
very few go to hear such lectures ex-
cept temperance people, and secondly,
it is not for the interest of tr-inperance
lecturers to destroy the traffic, as by so
doing their occupation is gone togel‘l.»-
er with the $25 to $100 per night that
they get for the one or two hours. th-y
spend in its deliver». .

VVhy it is I can’t say, but some kind
of stimulus seems to be produced and
used the worli over by both rich and
poor, the great misfortune now serms

instead of benefit mankind so much
do the evils preponderate over it’s ben-
efits that were it possible to prevent
its manufacture and thus do away
with it entirely nine persons would
re benefitted where one would be in-
jureo. But this can't be done. Tn-v
first move would be by Congress, and
while I cannot speak from personal
observation, but if We can rely on the
press, even members of Congrr-ss
are not_"'_all exempt from its use
and consequently would not fa-
vor its destruction by law. and
even if they would, or «mild, until
people become educated up t ~ a itali-
7. ltion of the terribleevils it produces,
it woulxi only close up the la‘ gs: pro-
ducers and sellers uo~v amena -le to
law, and in their place W uld star up
hundreds of smaller ones ll‘le8p!‘1].'<.l-
ble and more degraaied than those now
9 g ged in it.

Men don't beome druukards all at
o--ce; neither can we exp ct them to
abandon its use ~. nly = y S! b:sti:u‘ing
sumet i:.g betaer. TlleUl1Ll.>Lsl.'llSlc2l1Li-
snip line has lately substituted hot

0fl‘ee for grog to the sailor. Now it
strikes in’ that the ljrtngels caiflt in-
vest money to .1 belte‘ advantage than
to attach a dwelling house to tleir
ha is, and when young folks. boys and
girls, want a little recreation win er
-veniilgs let them meet at the hall,
have the family figwho occupy the
dwelling furnish them a cup of coil‘ e
and adoughnut for refreshment in
place of ii ,uor and cigars. In
this way they could irrprove their
minds by forming debating societies
and occasional concerts, and_lcctures
and for amusement could get up their
dancing parties here instead of going
to hotels.

Parents that are temperate can influ-
ence their children to become so, but
how can we expect dissipated parents
to prevent their children from acquir-
ing a taste for that which has enslaved
them, and those that become drunk-
ards from the influence thus constant-
ly set before them, deserve more of
our pity than blame.

The liquor question 3is one of the
most difficult subjects tohandle of
any evil now in existence, and more
so in this country than any other, for
the reason that our population is con-
tinually being increased by immi-
grants from all parts of the old world,

the bad habits they possessed at
home. Thus we see our large
cities are controlled politically by
the whisky and beer drinkers
of foreign birth; and strange
as it may seem, both the press and the
law-makers ' f our own State are mak
ing extraordinary efforts to increase
our population with this foreign ele-
ment. Acqmmissioner is appointed
. and paid a good salary to point out to

to be that it's too often used to destroy -

who are sure to continue if possible‘

northern part of the
being so rapidly used up,
a few years we shall be destitute oz‘

timber, and have a pauper population .

left on our hands that will require a

large addition to our poor houses, pri: - 1
ons and asylums, and yet this doctrine ‘

of increasing the population is often

used to try and make people believe it '

will reduce our taxes, when other ex-
perience teaches us that taxes always
increase with the increase of numbers.
and a large part of thetaxes are directly
traceable to the use of intoxicating
drinks, and no one is better aware of
this fact than you, Mr. Editor, by
virtue of your utflice as superintend

ent of the county poor.

Mush can be accomplished in lessen-
ing the evil if everyone having an in
fluence over others would use it to pro-
mote temperance. Begin with the
school teacher, then let indiyiduals,
manufacturers, railroad companies,
steamboat and vessel owners, villages
and cities refu-e to employ any person
who irakes an i v proper use of intoxi-
cating drirks. C.ti<s and villagrs
should he very l xactlng in living up
to this rule, as the man frequently
spends his earnings for liquor and
thereby makes paupers of hi. family,
to be supported at public expense. A
much less numbtrwould b - drawn in.o
this bad habit if everyone would drink
and smoke his own liquor and cigar.-,
and not invite ozhers to partake with
him.

Much more can be said, but I Will
leave it 10 be said by 0ih€l‘S who can
do the subject better j .stice.

Kalamazoo, Jan. 1883.

H. B.

"Under the Curse."

BROTHER Com}--Dem‘ ..‘:'£r.‘-—I see by
the last VISITOR that you decline pub»
lisliing my article and I cheerfully sub-
mit, admitting that you alone must be
mastcr of your own business. But your
reasons for declining to gve it a
place in vour paper to my mind is not
sufficient to warrant such denial. If A.
D. P. V. B. makes a bold assertion that
men and women and the earth is under a
curse, and that there would have been
no thorns or tliistles, no toil, no labor,
nothing for man to do but to eat of
the spontaneous productions of the soil
—only to rock in the cradle of sloth and
indolcnce, forever bask in the sunshine
of idleness, just because it is revealed
in mythological history that the l:'m-at
man utc an apple.

New I believe that a discussion of such
nonsense would be for the "good of the
Ordcr." or any order, It cannot be du-
nied but his article, or his assertions,
have 9. direct bearing upon agricultural
pursuits, and my reply was nothing
more. Anything to divest the mind of
the greatest of monstrosities, that this
beautiful earth of ours_ with all His
‘thorns and thistles," is under a cur.-.e
by the Great Architect of all things. I
cannot see how an honest exchange ()1
opinion could promote discord.

The strongest Grange that I know
anything about is the one at Allegan.
with Bro. Stegeman as a leader. Th»-_v
were not afraid to discuss any question
that would tend to give light, anything
to disenslavc the human mind, to unions:
the shackles that have so long enclosed
it, the legitimate results of having othe. rs
to do our lhl'nl'Lng——a sort of ‘pI'lVll9g-:‘.l
cl-.‘.ss—— or deadbeatism.

Ricliland. January 20, 1883.

Hlllsdale, Pomona Grange. No. 10.

EDITOF. GRANGE Visrronz — Another
year has rolled 1'oun,d and with it came
ur(){5pe:rliy. as well as adversity. Hilli-
dale Pomona. Grange has startedjon an-
other year with every appearance of suc-
cess. Apparent at least to those who
met at the public installation January
3d, and listened to the eloquent ad-
dress of Worthy Master 0. G. Luce. Af-
ter the address he installed the ofiicers
in a very impressive and masterly man-
ner.

The following programme was made
out for the next meeting to be. held at
J onesville Grange hall, February 7th.
the first Wednesday in the month:

Music by the Fayette Grange choir.

Regular order of business.

Song by Sister Mattie Monroe, of
Fayette Grange.

Rehearsal by Sister Mattie Dresser. of
Litchfield Grange. .

Essay, Sister 1). A. Glickner. of Allen
Gran e.

A ill by Bro. John Wagoner, of Al-
len Grange.

Essay by Bro. G. W. Meed, of Acme
Grange.

Select Reading by Sister R. W. Fran-
cis. of Litchfield‘ Grange.

Question for discussion, “Which is the
most commendable quality in a wife,
sweet content with whatever fortune
may bring, or an ambitious striving for
something better." Question opened by
Sister H. A. Ward, Eavette.

Second question. “How shall we extend
Grange principles and secure for them
the respect and attention of the world at
large.”

Question to be opened by Bro. C. R.
Corvell. Yours Fraternally,

Gao. M. GARDNER, Jn., Sec’y.

Litchfield, Jan. 20. 1883. _

THE REAPER DEATH.

WORTH ING'I‘ON— Died in Texas January
2, 1883. Mas. Susan WOBTHINGTON, wife of
Theodore Worthington. At a meeting of
Texas Grange No. 171, the following resolu-
tions were adopted:

Wnunnss, Almighty God in his infinite
wisdom has been pleased to take from our

number by death, our beloved Sister Sarah
Worthington. Therefore,

Resolved, That by her death, our worthy

them the fine timbered land in the , brother has lost an affectionate wife, his son a

~iale, which is
that in a;

v
l

devoted moflier, :i:.d our Grange a iincerc and
, respected Lll'.‘1Il|'l r.

R:-s0l1.‘e(I. tnzit ‘\ copy of ‘these resolutions
1 ‘>c pub isrvs 1 ill the GHA.\'uE Vienna, and a
’ copy sent to the bereaved family, also that
‘; ‘hey be spread upon the records of our grango.
l

I

, LITTLE —.l0Ii.\' LITTLE Jr., formerly of
Ronald, I-.-nia. county Miclsignn, and worthy
, zn-rnbcr of \Voo-.lur«l Lake Grange, died of
typhoid fer-:r at his lmnie ll) ille township of
Sheridan. Ms-c.u.~1.i county .\Iit~‘uigau Decen-
At a It gular meet-
ing of Woodard Like Grange held January
ll, 1883. (I preamble melting the many good
qualities of the deceased Ii-gether with the
following resolut-.ons was a"op?ed"

R-csolucd That as a token of respect for our
deceased brother, our hall be draped in
mourning thirty days.

Resolved, That we deeply sympathize with
the aged parents of lhe deceased, and especi-
ally with his wize and children in their great
afiliction.

Resolved. That the foregoing preamble and
xesolutiuns be entered in full upon our
journal and tlizit copies be fuvnished the pa-
rents and wife of the d- cc...-‘oil.

Resolved. That 4 copy be furnished the
GRAXGE VISITOR for publication.

her 6 lSS2. aged 43 years.

Said the night watchman, when about
dusk be was invited to drink a cup of
coffee, “No. thank you. Gulice keeps me
awake all night." And then he saw his
blunder and looked very much embar-
rassed and tried to explain it. But it
was no use

PEAR
 ,. , Ar-PLE.
..~ -‘ 121 l.\(‘l-. and other 

. -‘U/7|.
'5  Vteil. Dlimrr.
,. /mu ..u.,;.I'nmmv.K«-murky/,.Vuir vlell
.. /1 S310!‘ 1000. IKIIH]-l!(‘l’!'lE‘I<,]l ack.
|V'rl‘I\=~’. Currants, tau somzof grapes.
Lotus’ ru.-h rrirrst, .\'»'mI/"m'('u(a1agIC
J. 5- C01. 1Il\.h. Mmnnmtowu. N. J-

‘ V N
E LOW ER SEEDS.
All kinds '2 cents per package. Vegetable
seeds 3 cents. Send stamp for sample pack-
ages and catalogue to
F. A. WARNER,
Scum SAGINAW, Mica.

i-1-:.u-ll,i'I.1'si.1-i;.ur.

lfeb3t -
‘ u’
A FARM 0}: 140 AL RES
FOR SA ll’. ‘TH l*]Al’.

Situated seven nlilcs nor l. from Lansing
Co-operative Store, one—h:.l: mile east of De-
Witt's grist mill, uud one mile from DeWitt
Grange Hall. There is a yoorl graded school
near. Ninty-five acres are under cultivation
13 acres chopped, and the balance is goo l tim:
her. A line barn -l0x';l), with basement,
small house, and il. granary make up the build-
ings. The fences are goxd. ‘Small orchard
and plenty of small fruits. Price, 38,000.

For further particulars enquire at Grange
store or :'Ul(lI'8?.'S (2. W’. (2 U \ N ISON,

lfebtlt Nonru LANSING, Mich.

 ll1ll..E3FREE

Devils Lake, Turtle Mountain,
Mouse River Country,

NORTH DAKOTA,

T"ibutary to the Ynitcd States Land Office at

GRAND FORKS, DAKOTA.

SECTION .\I. M \ P nnul Fl.‘ LL par-
ticulars miriled FK EE to any address by

H. L‘. Dr‘ VIS,
Assistant (1-Ju rrnl Pa.sseuger~Agent,

St. Paul, Minneapolis & Manitoba R3.
s'r. p.iui., or INN.
l fellllt
R H E U NI A T I S M .
All Pain Cured by First Treatment,

tr-=F’ABSOLU1‘E CUR!-TE!
WARE ANTED

When Directions are followed Fur full in-
iorination, Festiinoiiials, Circulars, ctc.,
A ‘sirens with stamp or apply to
l’i{()[1‘. (}l~']4)_ N1. I"€I;i()l)E3S.
Universal Dlslpi.-ns*ur_v. 351 Lyon 31:
Gm.~:i> RAPIDS, Mica.

Specifics for all -lllulllc Diseases on land.

ljanly

WELLS. RICHARDSON & C0‘S

IMPROVED
BUTTER COLOR
A NEW DISCOVERY.

us we have furnished the
- with an excellent arti-

Dairy 1' 1:1.

Q'Bu‘t by patient and scientific chemical rs-
searchws have lmprovedln DeVerJl.p0lnI£, and ‘
now ofler this new color as the best In the world. _ ‘

It Will Not color the Buttermilk. It
Will Not Turn Rancld. It Is the

strongest, Brightest and
cheapest color lladev
ml pared in oil is so compound-
E’-And’ W e preble for it to become rancid-
[ of all imitations, and of all
, for they are liable to become
rancid and spoil the butter.

Q'If you cannot get the “lmpi-oved" write us
to know where and how to get it without extra
expense. 9‘)

-, WELLS, RICHARDSON I (I0., Burlington, Vt.

A. VANDEN

MANUFACTURER.
Wnonasanx AND Rnriur. Danna nl

l:larnessas,Wl1l1ls, Trunks, Blankets, eta.

2 Monroe Street.

GRAND RAPIDS, - - - M103-
1 take leasure in presenting to your favor-
able conslheration in CASH PRICE LIST 0!
Hgfnesg W oi-k— D MADE-all of ‘my
own manufacture, also to return thanks for the
liberal patronage I have receivedfrom the dif-
ferent ranges throughout Michigan. I
do in the future as in the pas{—furnish the beat
goods for the least money.
Farm Harness, White Trimmed Breech-
ing, Round Lines,Snaps, Bum Straps
and spread rings, com lets, . . . . . . . . .829 00
The same without Bi-sec mg, . . . . . . . . . . 26 00
“ “ with flat Lines,,............ 23 00
u u H H *4 no breaching, 25 00
‘Double Light Buggy Harness» W55“
trimmed. from . . . . . . . . . . . . .825 00 to I§0 00
The same, Nickle Trimmed. from Sift’) to 00 00
Single Buggy Harness, with round lines,
white trimmed,... - - 1
Same with flat lines. , - 12 0°
Nickle Trimmed, 315, sis, sis, 820 am: 26 00

ALL ORDERS RECEIVED UN'DEE.8EAIa
OF THE

GRANGE

willbe shipped at once, and may  returned
at my expense if not entirely satisfactory.
Address all orders to
Yours vary respectfully,
A. VANDEN BERG,

92 Mormon S-raaxr. Gnazm Itarnss.


TEE GRANGE VISITOR.

MONOPOLY'S METHODS.

The history of J ay Gould's attempt to
absorb or suppress the Mutual Union
elegraph company, and thus reduce all
the telegraphic service in the country
to a monopoly in his own hands, is about
the most bareiaced and infamous exhibi-
tion this country has ever witnessed of
the methods of this grasping Colossus.
He first used his power as a director of the
Mutual Union and as a manipulator of
Wall street to break down the stock and
buy it in. Failing in that. by reason of
the determination of those in possession
of the stock to maintain it as a compet-
ing company, he sought the courts. He
did not employ one of the great lawyers
whose talents and recognized ability
would give assurance of the prosecution
of his case in its best aspect, but hunted
out one Edwin James, a comparatively
obscure lawyer and paid him a fee of
$10,000. The size of the fee, paid to
such a man aroused suspicion that it
was not paid for legitimate work, and
this suspicion was strengthened when
it was discovered that James was a col-
lege mate of Attorney Gen. Russel, of
New York, and was about to form a co-
partnership with the latter when his
term of olfice expired. James induced
hisfrienll, the attorney general, to per-
mit him to begin a suit against the
Mutual Union on behalf of the
people to amend the company's charter
on the charge that the company had.
watered its stock in violation of the

law. Judge Lenox. not perceiving how.

the consent of the attorney general had
been obtained, gave his consent for the
commencement of the suit. Judge Ar-
noux subsequently vacated the motion
and severely condemned the action of
the attorney general in permitting his
office to be used, ostensibly in the name
of the people. to gratify private malice
and greed. In order to still further ii-
lustrate the motives of his action, Rus-
sell then stepped to the front himself,
pushing his stool-pigeon James aside-,and
began a new suit in the name of the
people. When the Mutual Union to
offset this action brought an exactly sim-
ilar charge against the Western Union
and demanded that Russell take action
upon it, the latter declined upon the
plea that he did not have time, having a
thousand cases on his hands already.
e man is shown to be a mere creature
of Gould’s. To serve the purpose of the
latter he could brush aside a thousand
cases and advance to the front asuit
whose only purpose is to crush out all
competition with Gould's despotism
over the telegraphy, the press and the
business of the country. It is impossi-
ble to believe that the courts of the
country will play into the hands of this
greedy monopolist and corruptionist,
whose career from the very beginning
has been marked by the ruins of official
and judicial integrity.
__;_.;..___._______
TREATY WITH MEXICO.

WASHINGTON. Jan. 18.—The interna-
tional commission appointed to nego-
tiate a commercial treaty between the
United States and Mexico, is making
satisfactory progress in the work. It is
learned that a free list has been agreed
upon. which, although it does not great-
ly increase the number of articles al-
ready imported free into the United
States from Mexico. does nevertheless
remove a number of unnecessary duties.
Among the articles upon whose free im-
portation Mexico lays particular stress
is sugar, not above 16 Dutch standard in
color. This is sought not so much with
a view to immediate free exportation of
such sugar from Mexico into the United
States as for the purpose of encouraging
and developing the culture of cane
and manufacture of sugar in the
former country. In the six years dur-
ing which the treaty is to continue in
force it is hardly possible, in the opin-
ion of the Mexican representatives, that
the exportation of sugar from Mexico
should reach any very considerable pro-
portions. At the same time develop-
ment of the sugar manufacture there in
connection with the free admission of
agricultural implements and machinery
from the United States would give free
play to an important Mexican industry
and be reciprocally beneficial to both
countries. The list of articles to be
imported free of duty from the
United States into Mexico has been con-
siderably enlarged. Among other things
there have been added to it petroleum
crude and refined for illuminating pur-
poses, machinery, agricultural imple-
ments, tools for artisans and houses
made of iron and wood. A provision was

virtually agreed upon which will relieve-

the commerce of the United States from
transit duties hitherto imposed on goods
passing from state to state within the re-
public of Mexico. The provision will
probably be agreed upon to permit trans-
portation of commodities from the Unit-
ed States to Mexico and from Mexico
to the United States under terms of this
treaty in ships owned by private citizens
of either republic which. have been
built within the territory of either. In
other words, to allow trade between the
two countries under the treaty, to be
carried on ships built in the United
States, and bought by a citizen of Mex-
co, or built in Mexico and bought by a
citizen of the United States. Other im-
portant provisions are under considera-
tion, but it is believed that they have
not yet taken final shape.

‘-The Sweet By and By.”

There is a story that the popular
hymn, “The Sweet By "and By,” was the
work of two men while drunk. J. P.
Webster, who composed the music died
several years ago. Dr. S. F. Bonnet,
author of'the verses, lives in Richmond,

‘I11. He says that the charge of intoxi-
cation is untrue. though Webster was
a free drinker. The two wrote a hymn
book in 1874, and “The Sweet By
and By” was one of the pieces
jointly produced for it. The sugges-
tion came from a chance remark by Web-
ster, who was habitually despondent,
that he would be well “by and by." Ben-
net at once made the rhyme and Web-
ster brought the music out of a fiddle.
which was his customary aid in compo-
sition. The hymn book had its day and
isfoi-gotten; but this one tune is put
into every new publication of the kind.
and has a sale of about 10.000 copies a
year in sheet form. Dr. Bonnet says
that he and Webster were not orthodox
Christians when the hymn was writ-
ten, and that he is even now less a be-

liever.

For; steamed brown bread, folir cups
mm meal, two cups of flour; two and
one-half or three of sweet mik or wa-
ter (some meal requires more wetting),
one toaspoonful soda, one and one-half
-teupoonfuls salt; steam three and
uhul! or four hours.

A TRISGO ROMANCE
How a Little Girl Made a Man of Her
Father and Saved the Family from
Want. I

I glicss pa and ma were prl,i.tI_v rich
one time’ for when they came to Cali-
foriiia it wa-:, on their wellllIn_;' tour. and
cost lot.-:--l.-ariie bv the w:rv of New
York, mill Wtl-'llilijl_lton. and‘ l‘:in-lma
City in :1 .-:tcainboat,'unlI ma lirougllt a
maid to wait on her, and pit Il1l~’I 1l.i>~’:l‘\‘~
ant nziiiil,-ll Jim, and when we got to
Ciiliforni-.l——I say we, I"m only 14 now,
but I was not born then, though that
don’t iu:iItci‘—I giiess pzl. had‘ lots of
money. I wll-. born at the Lick House,
and you ought to .'<(3lf my baby l-lollies.
Jone.-‘ l\' ('0. liavcift the kinll of glmlls
the-‘c were. bel::ul:-"l: Mrmll lizis (Il‘ll'_‘_'1fII,‘(I
tllvnl all to lllfitrlés. I\I:lud is the bllbv.
Six _\'l?1l.l‘.s' olll 3l:iull i-:. mill it won't be
long‘ before slie will be it clerk for .Ilmes
6: Co’ Fir.-L b:1bil.-s ulways have the
nicest tlliu;_l"-, Mu. says lIl'>'l. bubiles are
like S(‘(:Ull<I wives.

\\'l:lI. I am of the opinion ibui after
pa went. into his Il()il.\L‘ on Vml 
avenue he went imo \,l<)(‘I\‘~‘. wb.-itever
that niczins. Going into stocks must be
9. curious liusiness; and soml_-times pa
caml: home looking‘ splcullid. and want-
ed to buy everything, and kluglicll at
ma for being; ’~.'O nimln and not getting
better clothes: and than he wanted to
drive in the park and go to the theatre.
One day he ('f.’llllcIl()!1ll*, with :ibr:ii1-new
(':1l‘l'l1l;"(: null :1 .~'p:m of long-l:1ill3ll Iloi'sc<
and (L (‘0:tl’Illll1l!l mid fllolnimi. Tlien
SOllll‘lllll(3S pa l.-:lml: Imllll! mill looked
very blue and tulkcll about stocks, and
I licgai‘. tow.-ifl:l1 ya, and uotil-oll that
soinetinics wlir.-.11 ho i.-lu_l_;'hl-,ll lIll- Ioullc:-rt
he looked :1-' if he w:lutl:d to l:i'y. null
then he sold the Il0l'.s'(!.< mill than the
house, mid the furniture wont to the
auction. and ma felt very bad. and pa
\va.<u"t like him.-‘elf any more. and never
tolll me storil--' nor l<is'sclI uic: null ()!lI‘l£
\VIlt.‘ll .\I:lud was :l\‘Il3(‘l) in I1i< :.u'mr~: he
kl-<l2lI Il(:l' and cried. mill when I told
mu .\‘I:l’ j_l'uc~‘-'l:lI pu did not feel very
well, and then .-:hl: l-ril-d. .\ftl-,i' this we
went to a I)l>:Li'lIiu;_;‘-lilluse, :1 nasty,
mu.-:ty bo:1i'llinj_§-lioii:-tc. Iivl-1'ytliin_5;' was
well cuouglx, only it bo:li‘lIili_g-liliusla
:iin‘t like home.

Then the baby came, mill it died, and
ma alniosl, llil-ll: and I licurll pa say to
the man that kept the boarllingr-liousc
that lie was }_)l'v;’ll_V tight up, but it was
all clniiing out riglu; mill the next day
pa (IilIu’t l1:1\'e uny w:'.Lch nor any
sleeve-button-'. l llilln"L secni to notice
it, I)0(:1lll.\'e I :-‘aw that niuybo he had
sold tlieni to pay bo:u'd: and I licarll pa
and ma talk awziy in the night. and
sonictimcs ma criell. mill pa would look
in the nlOl‘Illll_£‘_'_I1l.~'t zisif he h:i.lln't slept
a wink, mid I don‘t believe he had.
Once it was dreadful. Pa l-mnl: home
tipsy: mill I never saw ma feel so I){l(I,
never; and than they talked it over, mid
finally uni went home to g-.uillp:i’s in
New York, with Mziull. mill I .-:t:iill with
pa to go to school. Tlicu pa kept get-

I
l

I

’ and he kis.-ell me:

I
I

I

I
I
I
I

I
I
I

ting worse and worse mill went to live in l

rooms and eat at re.st:uii'ants;
staid out late nights.
drank more than was
I thought soniethingliall got to be done.
So I suid to pa one day:

“Pa, let’s go into |)usiuc<.’~:. mid open
a .~'toi'e.”

And he l:1uglicll and .<:1ill:
kind of ti store.”

And I --lid: “Oh! it canlly store, or :1
SI.li.IIOll(}l'_\ store, or :1 lI1l'G1l.lI and needle
store. just such as women keep. and lit-
tle girl.-‘ help in.”

and pa

“\Vlizit

and Igucss he l
good for him. and -

And pa I:l1.l§:Il(‘.¢I, and said he would 2

think of it. ziud \\'I](?ll he lzanie home
that niglit I :lsl;lalIl1ii1i if he had tliouglit
about it. and he .<:ail_l he Il:l.lI not: and I
said he had l)llttci', and he .-juid he
would: and that inorning he didn’t
go out, but siaill at home wrote
ma :1 long letter. So llL'.\'I day I
went intozl store on Polk .-:Li'cel, kept by
:1 nilce old lady who had :1 bad husband,
where they sold everything. and she
said in French they cullell it lingerie. I
did not know wllat she nicmlt because it
was Frenl-li, mill I :Lskl:d her if she did
not want. to sell her store, and she said:

“Do you want to buy a store, little
girl?” And I said: “My pa does."
And she smiled,’ and will she guessed
the Sheriff’ would have a store to sell in
a few d:i.ys. I siiill I would tell pa, be-
cause he knew .\Ii‘. Nunmi, the Sheriff.
It was one of Mr. Nunau’s men that
sold pa‘:-‘ house and flu'uitui'c for him.

And the next day I told pa about the
store and what it nice one it was, and
he had been a dry-goolls man once, and
had had a large store. and sold silk dress-
goods, and velvets, and furs, and laces
worth more than $1,l)l)() a piece.

I don’t exactly know what pa did, but
Ithink soiiicthing “turned up” 3. few
days after\v:ird, for I heard him say he
had nialle a “raise.” and he showed me
more than $1,000 in gold and notes, and
for a day or two he carried them in a.
side-pocket, and mostly kept his hand
over them for fear they would jump out
and fly mvay; and pa bought me some
shoes mill a hat and stuff for aprons,
and I made them myself. andl never
saw pa look so happy since ma went
away, and one day he said to me:

“Vevie, I have bought the store on.
Polk street. and you are to be my sales-
Wonimi and partner.”

And sure elililiglx, in a few day he
went into the store, and over the door
was a great big si;:n of “Jones & Co.,”
and pa said I was the “Co.” And when
I said, “And 30, ‘psi. you are Jones?”
he blushed, and I guess he didn’t like
his old friends, to know that he was sell-
ing needles, and thread, and tape, and
things. We had two snug little rooms
in the back‘ of the store to sleep in, and
I made pa.’s bell, and swept out the
rooms and tidied things. At first pa
shut up the store when he had to go
down-town on business, but Ilfilel‘ 3. little
while I tended it, and when there were
two customers in the store I waited on
one, and" it wasn’t long before I could
make change and sell things almost as

ood as pa could; and by and by, when
fie went down-town, I tended store, and
we had splendid times. We went out
to a nice place across the street to our
meals; I tended store when pa went and
pa. tended store when I went.

One day pa came in and looked dread-
fully troubled, and then I said. “Pa,
ain’t I a partner, and don’t partners
have a right to know everything, and
ain't you hiding something about Jones
5 Co. P” ,

And then I found out that pa had
bought too many things for store

and that a note fo1'$l,0l)0 had to be paid,
and th:it’s what made pll fel-l bad. And
then I thoiight mill wonllcrell how I
coulll get -$1.000: llflll I kept on think-
infl‘ over cverybolly that I f’_[‘lll‘~'S¢’lI hall
51.0‘ IN. mill t:\'(‘l')' one that I "-Jll€‘..~'.~'(:lI
hull I! I ‘_"lll"~‘\'l‘lI would not Il,-ull it to pa.
.-‘~.::d than I IIlHlI\_"IIt llbolit the rich Mr.
Flollll. mid .-::li<I: "I will go down to the
lizulk .-lnll -_l'l-t il. fll;'l.-ll‘-‘ }_7‘lllnilii'etli:lii :1
II:--lI~’ nl! lllIIIlUll<I!lIllI(I()l\'Il totlie Bank
of Xv rlllzi the l,-l :li' is full of glllll, mid.
of l-llllr-‘l-. lie d-.- -u‘«‘. use it all Ill!‘ iiiiic,
mill IJI’I‘)i'i‘ .\Ii'. Fllll.-ll w:1nl-' it I'll take
IL I).‘l<‘I\' and jury the iliu,-1‘--.-'1." And
then I jliuipl,-lll1p.'m_ll hui'i':lIll>llfoi‘..ll:ul--
& (,‘l».. took my be-t bomil-9 and put on
my f_"'I‘)\'4‘~‘ took oil‘ my .-:toi‘l: apron, mill
Cf)lllI.It‘.II my hull‘. and glit into :i cm‘;
went. to the .\'l>v:u‘;:i llunk. told the l;-lcrk
I w:mtl:ll to brvrrow -?‘l.||l)U. and he

I.‘lII.'_“Il"lI zinll .-::lill I lmd bl5ttl>l' .-‘cc Mr. ~

.\Il'I.:iue. I :1-kllll who Ml". .\IcI.:lul- was.
and the cll-rl: .-':l.ilI Ml‘. Ml:I.:iiic lv.-1.-' the
Pl'(‘.<IlIL‘lll. mill wzl-' in the b:ll-k
and I went into tlile I)Z1('I>{ room. :l.ulI.\Ir
)I(‘I.2tllC .~:.'lilI:

“IV:-ll. little girl, what can I do for
you?" _

And I >'1lI(I.' “I wmu to borrow
Duo."

Mi‘. Ml,-I.:liil-, opciicll I1I< eyl--'

«$1,-

ml::lnlI suid: "A II1ou<:mlI lI4)II{ll'.>'I‘I

with 11-7 iliul-.h .<u1'}u'i'<,l-:1-lIloIigIl$l.|I()l) I
\v:l.-' all the lllHll"_\' he had in the bank. I
(‘l'I(‘(,I, '

Tlll-u I IIL‘f_[':lll Io _l_:l2i ~:l-::i'l,-ll and
and then I told Mr. .\Il-I.:lul: all
pa and "-IlIllI’.< A‘ (fo."’

about
.'iIl<I what we

w:l1_ltcll in do with the lllHll(3:.'. and that =

I would pzly II.I).‘I('I{ to him: and he look-

cd kinder pu;I.7.Il:lI .'ll]|I :l’~'kl-ll me what -I

pzl‘.~‘ nxriic w'l<. .'LlllI I told, :1:1lI \V'IlUPU
the store was :Lll(I :ilI :i‘llolzl um and
Muull and how the baby lllllll. I g‘U(.‘.~‘S
that \\':l< not \'l,‘i'y in-ucli likl- Iiluiuc.-':-,
and I dozft know what Mr. .\llrI.:inc
wzmtcll to know all llnu. for.
lookl.-ll :-.t me :i;_l‘:iin. zlull I f_uie.'-ts, he
w:l<u"t V'_;'()Ill"-_V{ to Ila’. ml: Iuivc the money.
when :1 y_;‘l3:itll,-ui:1i1 at III!’ ollwr lIt‘..\'I{
cmnc up to \VIli'l'(‘ lwn-' -ltting on u
l:li:iii'. and _\Ir. i\I!‘Iiflll(‘ .-:lilI:

'-Wl-ll. I-‘lollll, wuut do you think of
tIlI~‘ young inl.-1'cli:uit?”

.-lull then I I\'ll<5\\' it was the rich Mi‘.
Flooll: Illill I I0()I{l‘lI into his (Aye.-'. and
he s:iilI."’

“Let her have the nioucy: I will in-
dorse her note.”

Then I jumped up and kis-:cll him,
and Mr. I\IL‘I1{lIlC
made :1 note for ninety d:ly.< and I sign-
el “Jone.-2 & Co.,” and M1: Flood wrote
his name on the back of it. I took the
money away in a canvas bag. that l\lr.
Mclianc said I iiiust bring back, mill I
took the money to pa: and didn‘t he
look siirpri-tell when I pourell out the

0‘l'(?!'tt big -'5".’U gold pieces on the l-oun— =

hap-
and when I askell
3. pretty

I guess

toer? Tlicn ltold him what had

encll at the bank,
Iiim if liedidut think lw:i.<,
good business-woman after all,
he felt real :is:li:i.mcd.

After this I never see :mytlii1if_;' like it
——such lots of c:u'riagcs mill such nice
ladies kept coniiug every llny, and most
of them lrallcll with me, mill pa was
just as happy as he could be. Jones &
Co. was making lots of money. When
I took I‘-Ir. Flooll‘s I1lO1leVI):L(‘I{ I 'ust
marched right through the bank, past
the big counters, into Mr. l\Il:Lmie’s
room. and I took very gooll c-are to let
the clerk that laughed at me before see
the brig. Mr. Flood \v:i.-‘ in there, and
Mr. McI.:uil.>, mill I opened the bag.
M1‘. Flood came up and lliughcll, mill I
heard Mr. Flooll tell Mr. i\IcL:iue that
they would have the lunch to-dziy. And
then Mr. Flood told me if I \\':tni.(5LI to
bo1'i'ow iiioney :l;::1in not to go to miy
other IJ{lilI{’\' but to come to his, mill I
thzinked him. null l\Ii'. )Il:l.:lue brou;:'l1t
I1] ' note l-mil-ellell by :1. 1_’l'O:1I. blue
‘-I:I.'lil'l” struiipc-I across the face i'i_:;ht
over ivlicrc I wrote “Jones & Co.”
Then I told Mr. Flood that when we
felt able to soul] for mix I should come
over and borrow s'oine more money be-

czlu:-:e I wmitell to buy :L house for mu I

andM:1ull, so that tI1cy\voullln’t have to
gointo any more uzxsty bording houses,
and Mr. Flooll sail! I. should have all
the money I w:lutl:d.

When we sent for um and llmill.
grzuidpa gave ms. the money to come,
and so we didlft have to borrow any
more: and we took 3 nice cottage not
very near the stoi'c, for p.-l l_Iillu‘t wmit
ml: to know about Jone-' & L‘o.. though
Iw:1.s just crazy to tell her. For sev-
eral (lays we fooled her.
pa had .1 store down-town and I was
going to school. I told lots of libs about
being llctuiuell at school, goilig down-
town, and all sorts of stories to account,
for being home late. One day who
should I see coining into the store but
ni:1..

“H:1\'(: yo-.-. uny pearl .-ihirt-buttoins,
little ;_{irl?" sail! mu.

"Yes rim’mii," said I
right .'<l,-u:u'e in the face.

*-Lloollnl:-;.-t ;_:l':u-ilill.-E” s:1.ill ma.
that _vou. Vcvie.”

IS:lI(I: “Ill-gr pzirdon, m:l’:mi: what
did you ,w:1ui?” And then ma looked
at me agaiii.

I had a store :ipron. mill :1 small cap
like a Frehcli ;_"Il'I; and bclzmisel was1i’t
very iiigli pa bou_-_:lit me :1 pair of wood-
en brog:ins, with felt buttons, into which
I slipped my feet. and they made me
four or live inc-lies taller: and ma starcll
at me. and their lziliglicll and said:

“O I beg your pardon, little girl. you
look so much like my d:iuglitei' Gene-
vieve that I thought you were her.”

looking her

“Is

Then I liearll pa snicker down be-I

bind the counter. He had seen ma.
come in and he hill. Just as soon as
ma went out pa jumped up and laugh-
ed. and said: ‘-Snatch old’ your apron
and cap, Ve vei, and run around the
block, and get home before your moth-
er.”

I did so. and when ma got home she
was the most Sl]l'pl'IS‘(3(I person you ever
saw. We knew this thing wouldn’tlast,
and so that night we told ma all about
the house of "Jones & Co.,” and ma
kissed pa £lIllIS.'l.I(’I he was a noble fellow
and “just as good as gold." and tliat
she “ne\‘e1' was so proud of him in all
her life,” and fell to kissing him, and
crying. and taking on. I never saw ma
act so foolish in all her life, and pa said
she was “making love to him over
again.”

Well, now the story is about over. Ma
came down to the store to help. At
first she looked kinller sheepish, espe-
cially when some lally came in she had
known at the Lick House; but she soon
got over all that and began to make
bonnets, and we had :1 millinery store.
and then she insisted upon saving the

rlilm). 3

mill 1
IIIl'llL‘lI hi-: r-Il:iIi' zirouull mill looked :it [

Then be

She thought '

.
I expense of :1 .<L’]):i.l‘:t[O house. and we
I moved to a l:11'_;ci' store next door, with

nice rooms II.\".’lI to live in and a nice

sho w room for bonnets: and little
I Mziullie is Ilf£_L1‘IllllIIl;_;‘ to be lmnlly about.
I and all of us work. and we are just as
‘happy :1.-‘ the llay;-: are llnig, mill have
I lots of money.
I
Isiul-0. when I went down to the brink
Ilinbl,-known to pa, and told Mr. Flood
Imid .\Ii‘. )Icl.:ine that :1Yl_\' time they
I w:1mc<,I to borrow .$l.Hl‘lll, ".Il-nl.-- 8; Co.”
Iwoulll loud it to llltlll. null ‘.l.~" Iflll'_(Il-

ell. null .-zlillz “(,'llul«Iu‘t I(‘I:—'—:I()OI\'.~7
Il)ll_'_‘_'I‘i[ go llown." And lI](‘ll Mr. Flood
l’s:iilI: "If all the pl,-llplv ho h:ld given
1' and loiinlzll lll(|ll(‘_\' to would pay it back
IHSI hull, he lIilIu‘t think he would get
I busted in a lllllg iinic."

And then I saw the clerk that laugh-
ed at me, mill I \'IllII9"(I at Illlll and bow-
f ¢’(IZ mill >'Ill('lf then III‘. has been buying
; all hi~‘ ,<:l'ovl‘--' at the store. I told him I
l,lll-iiglit lic lIf<L‘(I 1!, g'1'c:it many pairs of
3 j._rlo\'l1<. and he .-uill they wl'u'l.- out ve1'_\‘
{ 1'11.-’t. l-ouuiiug money. Hl- is (Il'l‘§l(IfllI
, p:ii'til-uI:n' about hi-‘ ‘-_*lll\'c>‘. and if Llicrc
; is nol.l;ll_v in the -tort» but me. he is
. §OlIlL’lIllll‘>i lmlf :11: hour pil-kln_t_j out just

.

I’:l ha-' bought it .<plcnl.lill l_rold watch,

:1 rl-nl .\.lPI1l-\V'Ill(IL‘l‘I mill \\'<.‘,/ “JUIICS &
'o.." Il:i\'c bl>‘li;_rIlt, :1 nice l:i1"_fc lot out
on (luv. St:iiiforll’s ucw C'..'lI)I(I r:iili‘o:ilI.
mill paid for it: mill if the times are
l__rooll this sliniriiei‘. as pzithinks they will
bl‘-, we sbzill have :1 house of our own

———-—-«oa—o—————-
Daniel WeI)S§€T.S Marketing“.

A \\':l-'Iiiiil_~'I.l»n (‘,1Il’l‘(‘<1)()I'llIl‘llI -_rIi\'c.<.. In
III!‘ I-'>Ilowin'_' :«'I\'l'l('Il. :l }vl.‘ll-‘.'lll(I-IIIIC
1>l)i‘H':lil of IIH‘ g'i'r_':lI mun :I\~
while lI()Illf_[ his fxnuily ni:li'kcLiiig.

The ull\l ml>1'zlii:_;. after one of hi<
\Y1,)|1(I(‘l‘I7lI ~'lI(‘I’(‘Il(‘.~' in the .\‘cn:itll (‘Inim-
bler, .\Il'. '\\'l~b»'Il‘:z‘ :nij_>‘I1t Il:l‘\'¢’ I)(‘(,‘!l <l-l-1)
in the old -'_\l:u~-ll .\l:u'!.-l_-t‘__:u an ¢‘,‘ll':‘\
Il')lll‘, flu‘ Ill: \\'.'l< no With
him wn.- :i sci-\ nu: l-: .'u.-_r .’lI1llf;'0 m:u'-
kct-b:i<kcl. and he \'.‘l.u..I gl» 2'1-om s'[:;II
l 'd.l>Il11II, ol‘ll>n .<to1»jli.li_l: Io l‘Il.'lY with :l
!’ Il‘.ll'l‘Il\‘l'. or :1 Ii.-‘Ii-iulm;_"lll'. or :1 Iiul-k-
. .-ill-,r. null lIl~lil_l‘litili;_r lhl-in with the
I kul)wIl‘lI;_rc ho III<IlIIl_\'l‘<I about ml::ii<.
I fish mid \'(,‘g'UI:lI)I('.~'.

I Se lll-tiiig with l::u'c a .-Jlijlply of pro-
’: vi.-iou.< for two (I.'l\‘.‘ as the lll1ll‘I;l‘,l wu.-‘
I
I



only hold on 'I‘ull-ll  '_[‘iml-<ll:ly_- and

.\":itiii'llziy-'. .\Ir. \\'l,~ll-Illr would return to

his ltou-:l-. ll(‘.\l the I'uit:u‘i:m lrliurl-ll.

mill sol: that the mmlt w:i< }u'opl,~rly tied

upmill vhc vll;_rllI:iI>ll=s put :iw:ly. ()2:

his way to the (':lpito1, or thl-rc (if hi-
; izlblc w:l~: not zilrcully full). he would
lll(‘l!i :1. fril-nll mill  ‘:

“Conic mid dine with ml-. to-duy. I
have :i noble Il1llllll'Il of V'(‘llI~‘(>ll \\'Illl5Il I
bougllt :1 foi'tnij_rl1i .\IlH‘I‘. null ll:i\'e Il{(‘}lI
« Il1Llt;_"IIlf_;‘llllIlI it i-‘l-\;:l.-.-!l_'.*:it to be cut-
. l-u.” or "I Il?l\'(: l'(’L,‘t’I\'(‘lI :1 Iilw -':ilmou

fronithe Kl-uuelicc: (full)?! tll-llav mill

help me l::u ii." '

livery .~'pl'iiij_r he would join tho Sufi,-
lll'(I1l_yl)1tl'[IL‘~‘()f c()1i;_lli'l-<.-iiien mid of-
licials who u~'l»ll to go llowu the l’lull'-
in:ll- on the old -tozlixilei‘ Sillfllll to LIN‘
ti.-‘biiil_'r-;:i'lull.lll< null l-njoy l‘i'c<l:Iv
l::iu;_rli1~|l:1ll.l»pllnl-ll. IIIIIIOII on oukl-ll
bozlrlI~'. and l-ookell II<’fl)I'l‘ lzu';_rl>, wond-
lIl‘P.~'. (In one of IIl4‘.<I‘. 1)C1,‘1l*§IUllS .\l:'.
IV!,‘I).'-?IlfI' hull UI)I(tIll(',(I from I>‘ll.sllulslmic
rock coll, l:r:il:kcr.< illlll salt pork, and
hcmzllle:il:|iowder. II? had :i l:ii'<_re
kvltlv. null h:i\‘in;_r I.l'Il“lI his \l‘I'.'lPS. lie
(I(‘l)(l.\II(‘|I the \ll('.("’\'~'I\'I? l:Lyl'-r.< of Ii<h.
(‘l‘:t(7I\'(‘l'\‘ mill !H>l.1llll(‘\ :u1ll lniioii.~; liver
and over :l;::Lin until there \\'.'l>' no more
room. .. Till-u pluir'iu;: in :i hnlf—g:llIou
of milk. Il(‘ I'III1I)t'lI his luiull.-‘. 0\L‘I‘lllll-
iu<_g‘, ‘‘.\'o\\' for the lire. As Z\Ir.<. :\IIIL‘-

I bl-‘lh FIIIII. ‘I1"tis' to bl: done. when ".15
IIl‘El(‘, lhl-u 'ii< wl-ll ‘ilvl-rl: IIOIIP quick-

Iy.‘ ”

I l1’I<)iI,‘ from iiil-mllrv. but I
iil>vl-1' t'lu'gl,-I his joyou-' l.‘.\'_:)l'0~'.3‘I0ll of
(‘Ullll[(’Illlll(.‘l‘ null the iuci'i'y twinkle of
his (ICU!)-\'(‘I. I)lll'llIll_;‘I)I1l('I{ eyes. The
l:howlIei' wzis :1 .\'ll(.'l.‘l‘>'S.

A‘... ______.
What Wears out the Soldiers.

In his ::l'iI(‘IP, on “The Present State
of the A1'm_\',“ in the .\'z‘/1.: {l l 21!/L (billi-
/'l/. Maj. (i(‘ll. Sir Frl-lll-i'il:k Rl)bei'ts.
Isplétllilflg of llic rxipillity with which.
zlftcrthe age of 31 or 13'.’ _ye:i.i'.-', the pri-
vate soldier I)(‘(:(')lll(’,.\‘ :l veteran in looks
and li:lbi:.=,, while the (iII‘I(:el‘.~', commis-
.~'IUIl(‘lI or non-l:ominissionell. are still
young men. sziys: "This early llecay
i.-, in the opinion of many, l::iusell by
.-luilry duly.” He flll'lIl(.‘l‘ urges that
.>‘UI(II(,‘l'\‘ should be spzlrcll "sl:ut-i'_v-go”
as much as PU.\'>‘II)I(‘, as the l-,.\'ce.<sive
iiiglit duty it at pi'c;~tl3xit iniposes on
them  lllaslrul.-live of health mill vigor.
This pl:1'pl.-!u:l.l niountiug guard at royal
pzilzicv.-'. public otlil.-l:<. mill other places
is :1. relic of the olden time. It is prob-
ably kept up rather as :1 trzillitioual cus-
iom than from :my opinion in its favor.
So far us it has: any uie:lnin_g or u.-‘e. it
I~'1Il!»’III('(3 duty which the civil force
\I'lIllIfI lII~'CIl:ll'”l': more ellicil-utly and at

I

I

I

. . 5 y _

I lllll¢.‘Il‘l“~’l‘<)>'l to the public service.

shall

That it In}]):ll'tS a kind of lliguity to the
l)III(.““ tliu~' ~p(‘(‘I:lII_\' gu:u‘llell is :1 more
ll'1UIIlIH!l. and is in ll<‘v(‘1l.~.0 any (‘om-
pcu.-':.lilui flu‘ the [llly-'ill;ll (‘\'II."Ill\'l)IV(f(I
in I{(3<’1)Inf_{' it up. A IllO(I(<l'll .-‘oldicr is
a costly prollul.-t. and tlxl,-rl-is -lmictliing
wor<,c levl-n than e.\'ti'zi\':i_t_;:iiicc in thus
Iiin-_-lug him ll.-rllll-ssl;.' away in the mere
Illl‘IIIi‘I(fIlI lIi.~:cIi:li';:l* of the functions of
:l jmiil;-leiiirlil. 'l‘hl3 .<l‘,l'\'IL,'(’. itself wo-u‘d
blal-lniil-. niore poguilzir and would be
inure u-'l-ful lo the nation were this
ul-.l,=dIl-.-2-' p:u':illl- of n1iIit:ii‘y protection
limlicllio the I).-lrl':lck-'. and all civilimi
I')llII\.'~n.-l'l“_{'\‘ put under the uiorc l:tl'cctu:iI
w:ltchfulnl~-:.-: of the l.‘l\'lIIilIl furl-e.
- {L 9 j————

A Rough Story.

A rnmi in New Bl'llll.s‘\\'IL*I{, lm.vin_s: no
\vc:ipon :ln<l lieiug riltal-kl-ll by a hem‘.
struck him witlia bottle of I-rero,-‘cur.
whil-ll broke and the contents run down
the miinial like the oil on A:iron’s heard.
The bl-:ir, not niindiug this at all,
sprang at him mid 'bv,l_r:ln Ililggirig him.
when the man, taking ii. nizitcli from
his pocket. set fire to the be:xr. All but
the Ill.‘:ltI and SIlU1lIlI1‘.l'S were consunied.
when. in orllci' to .<:i\'e the snout. and
get the bounty, the rum) l.-urriell water
in his hat and put out the llmnes.

—-—————{o&—:——-——-

The rapid growth of new towns on
the frontier is illustrated in the case of
Colorado (7it_\', T eX:lS,. Two years ago
it was a hamlet of tents. To-ll:ly it is
a subst:lnti:lll_v built city with 4,000 in-
habitunts.

-——~——-———1-&€——————

A Russian proverb says: ' Before
going to war. pray once; before going to
sea, pray twice; before getting married.
pray three times.”

I have never seen Mr. Flood but once .

hc :l[‘>p(’:ll‘e(I '

I

. ‘|lr.lr.lufar.l’l:rer.cri/‘In 
' 17.0 only 1'4: '
-Ila‘/JI‘1l'flI!'I'./IIPJIIIA,'
."'l-fl,’ r.'-.\'Ir.':_r/ - '1
r l-ml ]'rn'_«;7.l.‘ }.nil7 .1 -ll :-
llf -l/.l.'i[ r.’r-Iir'l'2'r-.l ll.
.1! free Ilnucitiful 4 ..I.~.
~ .‘~a:-‘til-rm imw ny I m» .

I .1‘ .'il'i.':.';s. .\'o,7(,-'

I.W.»\VS

;%£'~."l'('I‘lIlf.BI;Sr ‘ $3.’. IIIIST '

' ‘ V V V
'I"II‘-\'I‘RLL  E .‘L'II.‘i I‘;  :.i-.-
' ‘LI. V 1‘:-1:1;-l-1':iill_-l~ II_.‘\ III‘: 

‘:‘?-‘.'.‘  Ilsivzl

It

Fulinf

'1 hrs-e ml» - ~» -

'1‘.  I I,‘ ‘ ' F R has new type illrlllighl
J A I 4 -'l_>rne slit-3-I. It ha-' r

and other states. will l-l-ntmu all official Prohill. il

r able l.:l-ueral no-w~ report, :1 good Sunday SCUO

,.
A111-alIiY,()X‘lILI>‘IllIIII on teinpl.-i-zlncc and general mp _
' ' in l-*V'(*I‘_V respcct.“—. (‘

- ..:o'..; It i.~ ziglml pnpl
ui‘."—~ ' R

Current.
I

. ' . 1.-
ul  lllliil
_ I ' _’. pjilrl‘
WHl'llI do more to he-no-tit the cllum _'
AA .I{I’l.E Flfljlz‘. .{'I'l1)’r' . .

ldectf

. THOMAS miss
General Commission Merchazil,

 «nlr-soil‘: Li

or in fill» 4-auntr_r,.

l ‘ll in P EST.
zirgesi

A-lvl-lies:
now pub-

HE LEV

v (‘lu.l_'rl~~.~ "

IT A: ).‘ll/,'/..

AINT ORKS.

* quid If u 1: her
[3] Hints‘! or .«a](
balrnilly roa I,

- Fri:-is unr. de-

.\I'? "(hit r-l-quir-

7I*:‘ir(- um’ L.-Irr-

info that dc 
or /‘units of '
(.~"]l(’1‘ I’rn'iz!.3 ‘

users‘ 5] I

his is nrule
whi.-li I'i:i~' IIH
(.3 .
a 1
I .. -
Il.~Il(*fI. mile _ :'

E S4,-Ieufell )2

l;rIl.'llIt‘<I

r:i\'.~~f

A(‘:IZl\' l‘.\ \\‘A.\"l'§"D
I)l(‘r (‘0.V[T\Ilt~‘:~‘lU.\‘2-‘
“l‘villg.‘ii:.~;-le- and
K for L terin.-’m agts

“I! Ihilks

N-‘Ill[H‘I'fll)l‘(‘ slit-er,

r is ll j-\ui'u-ll of rare :e

x llllll inl-.'lii~ l>u-inl-- and I likl it and re l~i

W. t‘. T. l'. “'l‘nl- l_l- >r is L‘I(‘lIf', strlmg kw
dc: it llu.-zht tn pm-per, and will. it .-
1‘rn.’. .-\lb'Illul‘lll1l--_'l-. "Its IIIIIIUIIIII l-i

V.

n- bright as A
but r ..‘l_v 8

rit as in i,l are,

lil lb.  lmiu. I
34103 IIl...lil1l.1/‘ll Arr, [}i.'rul'(, _I_’,'-,i._

‘l‘lJ

..L'e.;

‘h

181 South Water Street, CHICAGO.
BUSINESS AGENT MICHIGAN STATE cannon

Ioopooflully Iollono Gold;-Iuuonto M

FRUITS, VEGETABLES. BUTTER, EGGS.

WOOL, HOPE, POULTRY, GAME, VEAL,
Gaunt Bond. Row IF‘Lu':. Eldon. Palm. Tuucvv. dzr.-.

_.._.__._o o.__ _-. .,,

‘morn um of cm I. iv. mnucr rxclmlsr issoclmon,

Obov-bud Fob. ISOIA. I077.

To P017008 III‘ Clilppbror-—’I‘liIn is the only Commission Home In C-'LlirAgn -.--gs
‘Ind and controlled by the Patron: of Husbandry. The chief aim of this Agency in .

In. locurlu for Plynront to lhlppon.

1:11. To obhfn the Highest Market price for goods rvoelvod.

ltd. Quick lulu llld Prompt Payment.
Ihlpporo in all States will

receive equal benefits of this management, the

guilty ouruldor-and

Buclnou K».-mu-lr

coin; under Band: for the faithful performance of the suns.
‘nil: Agency will 1111 Order: for any goods in this market, at lowest poesibln rtteo L‘-us:

nut accompany the order for non-

thl Amount required ; balance to be paid on receipt of bill

THOMAS MASON, Business Hunger

-._._..__....__- .-

IAIIIT IIPOITI. ITIHOILI um SHIPPING TAGS son! an

Alabasline

Is the only preparation based on th.
proper principles to constitute a dura-
ble finish for walls, as it is not held on
the wall with glue, etc., to decay, but
is a Stone (‘ement that hardens with
age, and every alt ditional coat strength-
ens the wall. Is ready for use by all-
ding hot water, and easily a; plied by
anyone.

Fifty cents’ worth of ALABASTINE
will cover 50 square yards of average
wall witl lwo coats .- and one coat will
produce better work than can be done
with one coat of at y other preparation
on the same surface.

For sale by paint dealers everywhere.
Send for circular containing the twelw

beautiful tints. Manufactured only by ,

AIABASTINE Co.
M. B. CHURCH, Manager,
juyl—tl'. Grand Rapids, Mil-l~

German Horse and (low

P OWD E RS.

This powder has been in use for many
ears. It is largely used by the farmers or
ennsylvania, an-" the Patrons of that State
have bought over 100,0(~ pounds through
their purchasing agents. Its complsition is
our secret. The receipt is on every box am
5-pound package. It is made by _Dr. L. Ober-
holtzer‘ Sons ll: Co., I_’hoenixville,_Pfa. It
keeps stock health} and in good condition. It
helps to digest and assini late the food.
Horses will do more work, with less food
while using it. Cows will give more milk
and bein better condition. It keeps poultry
healthy, an increases the production of eggs
Itis also of great value to them when mo_lt-
ing. It is sold at the lovl est wholesale price
I) R. E. JAMES, K.A.LAl’A.Z00. GEO. W.
ILL 45*. 00., 80 WOODBBIDGE S'.l'.. DETROIT.
TBOS. MASON, 181 Warns. Sr-., C!ilcA0o
and ALBERT STEGEMAN, ALLEGAN. Put
up i» 60-lb. boxes (loose), price Eionr CENTS
per 1b., 30.11. boxes (of 6 5-11;. packages. Tnn
CENTS per lb.

FIGNNO & MANNING,

Won! Enmmissiun Merchants,

117 Federal St., Boston.

Consignments Solicited and Cash Advances
“ Mada.

Sawing Made Easy.

The Now’ Im-»

|IIl.\.l

can saw 1n,l:.~'ftI*_ -‘

Sm: rm in: trial ‘
» val f Ill st lIl‘(I Catalogue rontairilnv-'_ '
If.-» llmlorllii " ahléuiara. AGEl\l"l‘!l \V 7-,_ _ r-- -
kIc.n.uchI.igh ' SlVCo.,I.68Ra.II..alphSc.,(zoic.’i.go.

l5iiovl0t

1z'sh’s American lllltmual of

PARLIAMENTARY LAW

Is the cheapest and bept. The subject is made
so plain that every Citizen or Society member
should have a copy. . _
Circular of commendation free. Price by
mail prepaid; cloth, 50 cents ; leather tucks,
81.00. Postage stamps received.
Address, J. T. Conn, Schoolcraff. or
(41:60. T. FISH.
(Mention this paper.) Rocmrsriin, N. Y

A WESTERN editor received a letter
from an indignant subscriber, who said:
"I don’t want your paper any longer.”
To which the editor replied: ‘That is
all right. I wouldn't make it any longer
if you did. because in that case I should
have to buy a new press. The present
length just suits me, and I am glad it
suits you." It is to be hoped that this
“soft answer turned away wrath.”

It is said there has been a fall in the
wholesale price of beef. The retailers of
beef will not hear ‘of this for several
weeks yet.

 New Harness and Trunk flare.

uppnosfla

T. KININMENT 8: co,

Manufacturers, wholesale and retail dealers in

Harnesses. Trunks, Blankets,
vVHIJ.=-9, 1-:ito.,
117 Canal St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

All work our own make and guaranteed all
Hand Made.

Farm Harness, white trimmed, Breech-
ing, Round Lines, Rum straps,
Spreaders, etc. complete . . . . . . . . . . . . $29.00

Same without Branching . . . . . . . . . . . .. ‘.16.00

Same with Flat Lines '

Same without Breeching . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Double Light Buggy Harness, white
trimmed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82-5.00 to $30.00
f The same nickletrimmed. . . . .830.00 to 850.00
Single Buggy Harness, with round
lines, white trimmed . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12.60
The same with Flat Lines. . . . . 12.00
‘ Nickle Trimmed, -SII5, 816, $18,820,325, to $50
We also make a fine Nickle Trimmed
Farm Harness, stitched 6 to the inch,
stock all selected, an extra. line urti-
cle, Breeching, Round Lines, com-
plete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Same without Breeching . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Slit

Mr. T. Kinininent for the past five years has
been foreman for Mr. A. Vandenburg, and
now in order to build up a trade offers special
inducements to the Grangcrs of Michigan,
guaranteeing a better class of work than was
ever given to them by anybody.

All orders received under seal of Grange will
be attended to at once and goods may be re-
turned at our expense if not found satisfac-
tory. Address all orders to

Yours very respectfully

T. KININMENT.
117 Canal Street.
Grand Rapids. Mich.

LIFE INSURANCE

FOR PATIRONS.
0

THE

Palmns’ Aid Society of Michigan

WAS ORGANIZED 15' DECEMBER. 1880,

to give the Patrons of Michigan an opportu-
nity to belong to
t

l5_Iully

Home Institution of Life Insurance

hat they could control. As its name indi-

cates, it is FOR THE MEMBERS OF OUR ,

ORDER AND FOR THEM ONLY.

Its Annual Meetings occur at the same
time and place as the annual session of the
State Grange This feature was for the ex-

press purpose of provid-ing for a large repre- ‘

sentation of the members of the Society at its

most important meeting of the year, when its ‘

ofiicers are elected. and without special notice

any amendment to the laws and rules govern- _

made.
adopted by this Society

ing the Society may be
The MUTUAL PLAN

provides that an Assessment shall be made ’
and the-

ONLY when a member dies.
amount of that assessment is fixed when 8.
person becomes a member, and cannot be in-
creased at any subsequent period. This as-
sessment is graduated according to age, which
is an important and listinctive feature of this
Society-—one which should command it to the
favorable consideration of Patrons.

If there are reasons why people should from
time to time pay a small sum from their in-
come or their earnings, in order to secure to
those dependent on them in an hour of need 1
sum sufficient to bridge over the expenses and
wants incident to that most trying period of
life, those reasons hold good when applied to
the Patrons of our State.

Applications for membership may be made
to

nuns COOK, J. W. EWING.

_ Ad,-am, Eaton Rapids.
ELIJAH BARTLETT, W. B. LAN'GL1_5Y,

Dryden. Centreville.
R. C. CARPENTER.

GEO. W. EWING,

A. E. GREEN,
Walled Lake.

J. G. RAMSDELL
Traverse City.

J. L. KENYON.
MarshsIl..

A. N. WOODRUFF, GEO. PRAY.
Watervliet. Woodward Lake.

or to Local Agents they may appoint.
For By-Laws and Circulars apply to either
WM. B. LANGLEY, Profit.
or J. T. COBR, 8ec’y, Ceiitrevflle.

tobltf schoolcrart, Itch.