.. lfiu-.". mdent; Tnoins S. “ THE F./QRJIIER IS OF MORE OOJVSEQ UEJV‘EHJV' T12 F./l(_R.M, AND SEO ULD BE FIRST mrpzeo VED.” VOLUME Xl—-No. .0. WHOLE NUMBER 240. l COLDWATER, MlCH.. AUGUST‘ 15, 1886. Primed by A. ALDRICH 81 CO.. {Publishers of the CO DWATER REPUBLICAN. 0FFICI.4], DIRECTOR Y. Oilicoi-is National Grange. Ma:trr—PUT DARDEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mississippi 0zI:r:::r—JAl\l ES (_ DRAPER . .. . . . . . . . Massachusetts L¢durer—MORT. WHITEF EAD. . . . . . . . .New Jersey Ste-war:z'——J. E. HALL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\‘Vest Virginia Arrirtant Stewar4'—W. H. STINSON. .New. Hampshire C/za_t1a1'n—A. ROSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Texas Trea.mrer—F. M. MCDOWELL . . . . . . . . . . .New York Se;-retary—JNO. TRIMBLE. 514 F SL,Washington. D.(.. Gate Kt£fl£f—H. THOMPSON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Del_avi_rare C¢rz.r*—MRS. KATE DARDEN . , . . . . . . . . Mississippi Pamoria—MRS. S. H. NEAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kentucky Flora~—MRS. JAMES C DRAPER . . . . . . .Ma§achusets Lady A:.r1'.rtant Ste~ward—MRS. E. M. LIPSCOMB, South Carolina Executive committee- J. M. BLANTON, Ch'n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Virgini_i J. H. BRIGHAM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ohio J. J. WOODMAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Michigan nfllcers Michigan State Grange. Marter—C. G. LUCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Gilead Over:-e:r—JOl-IN I-lOLBROOK.. . . . . . Lansing Lecturer—i‘ERRY MAYO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Battlt-. Creek Strwarrt'—I-IARRISON BRADSHAW. . .Nort.li Branch Walled Lake Sherman . Vicksburg A.i'.i'1':tant Steward —-—-A. E. GREEN C/taplain-I. N. CARPENTER. . . . Treasurer——-E. A. STRONG. . . Secretary-J. T. COBB - - - - 3: Gate Kce/cr.—A. M. AGENS. Ceres ‘SIRS. \V, BELKNA Pomona —MRS W. T. REMIN . . Flora -MRS C. G. LUCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Gilead L. A. Steward ——MRS. A. E. GREEN ..... . .Walled Lake Executive Committee. H. D. PLATT, Ch'n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Ypsilanti THOS F. MOORE . . . . . . . . . . . ..Adrian J G RAMSDELL... THOMAS MARS . . . . . . . . .Traverse City . . Berrien Center , Q_ A BURRINGTON . . . . . ._.. .'._fuscola M. SATERLEE . . . . . . . . . .Birmingham W. T. ADAMS . . . . . . . . . . . .Grand Rapids C_ G_ LUCEJ _ . . . . . . . . . ..Gi cad 1. T. COBB. r5‘ 0fi“"‘l ............... .. Schoolcraft State Business Agent. THOMAS MASON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .(,hlcage, Ill General Deputies. PERRY MAYO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Battle Creek MRS. PERRY MAYO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Battle Creek Special Deputies. \VM. H. LEE, Harbor Springs, for Emmett County. JOHN HOLBROOK, Lansing. for Ingham County. JASON \VOODMAN. Paw Paw, for Van Bpren County. BRONSON TURNER. Flushing. Genesee County. FRANK H. DYER. Ferris, Montcalm County. S_ H. HYDE, Traverse City.Grand Traverse,Antrim. Lee- lanaw and Bcnzie Counties. R. C. THAYER. Benton H:irbor. for Berrien County. GEO. VV. SHEFFIELD, Johnstowii, for Barry County. LUTHER J. DEAN. North Star. for Gratiot County. I, . A BURRINGTON. Tuscola, for Tuscola County. JOCITN TRUE, Jaclson, lorjackson County. HIRAM ANDRE“/S, Orion, for Oakland County. M. W’, SCO'I'1', Hesperia, for Newaygg County. ‘ lAi\IES A. MARSH. Constantine, for St. Joseph County. M. V. B. MCALPINE. Moiiterey, for Allegan County. A. M. LEITCH, North Burns, for Huron County. _ P. H. GOELTZENCLEUCHTER. Birch Run, for Sagi- naw County. . . GEO. B HORTON. FriiitRidge. C_ C_ KNOVVLTON, Old Mission, for Missaukee County. G. C. LAWRENCE. Belle Branch, for Wayne County. CORTLAND HILL, Bengal, for Clinton County. for Lenawee County. M lohigau Grange Stores. A. STEGEMAN, Allegan. . C. GOODNOE, North Lansing. PRICE LIST OF SUPPLIES Kept in the office oi the Secretary of the MICHIGAN STATE GRANGE, Ana’ rent out Po.rt—pai1l, on receipt of Carl: 0r- der, oz/er I/ie Seal of a Subordinate Orange, and t/ze signature of ii: Masier or Secretary. Porcelain ballot marbles, per hundred. . . . .$ 75 Blank book, ledger ruled, for Secretary to keep accounts with members . . . . . . I oo Blank record books (express paid) . . . . . . . . I 00 Order book, containing 100 orders on the Treasurer, with stub, well bound. . . 50 Receipt book, containing 100 receipts from Treasurer to Secretary, with stub, well bound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Blank receipts for dues, per too, bound. . . 50 Applications for membership, per 100. . . . 50 Secretary’s account book (new style). . . . . 50 \‘\'ithdrawal cards, per dozen. . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Dimits, iii envelopes, per dozen . . . . . . . . 25 l3y—L:iws of the State Grange, single copies Ioc, per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75 By-Laws, hound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 “Glad Echoes,” with music, single copy I5c, per dozen . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . I 80 The National Grange Choir, single copy 40 cents, per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 00 Rituals, single copy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 “ per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 40 “ for Fifth Degree, for Pomona Granges, per copy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Blank “Articles of Association” for the in- corporation of Subordinate Granges, with copy of charter, all complete. . 10 Notice to delinquent members, per 100. . . 40 Declaration of purposes, per dozen, 5c, per I00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 American Manual of Parliamentary Law. . 50 “ 4; it as at (Morocco Tucl-2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I 00 Digest of Laws and Rulings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Roll books . . . . . . . . . . . . . _. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I5 Patrons’ badges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Officers’ “ .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 50 CO-OPERATIVE LITERATURE. History and Objects of Cooperation. . . . . . 05 What is Co-operation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . .: . . . 02 Some of the Weaknesses of Co-operation. o2 Educational Funds; How to Use Them. . . OI Associative Farming . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . OI The Economic Aspect of Cooperation. . . . oi Association and Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03 The Principles of Unity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 01 The Perils of Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . or Fundamental Principles of Co-operation. . 01 How to Start Co-operation Stores . . . . . . . 01 Logic of Co—operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03 Origin and Development of the Rochdale Society...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 03 Addresses and Lectures by Eminent Men. . 03 Address, _I- T- COBB» Si:c’v Micii. STATE GRANGE, Sclioolcraft. Mich. I{ALAMAZOO NATIONAL BANK. Capital 3150.099. Surplus. sio,ooo. Southwest cor. Main and Benutc Streets. Diredvr: —Jacob Mitchell, Jo_liu Den Bleyker, Melancthon D. Woeclford. Melville J. Bigelow, J. Wilfred Thompson. George T. Bruen, Samuel A. Gibson. Albert S. White. Edwin J. Phelps, E._O. Humphrey. N- Chas‘:- Enwm . PHELPS, Prttltiefli.’ Mi:i.v_ii.Li: J. BIGEIDW, COBB. ‘Cat-In.---. .5 febtyi id/natal gottiiigs. IOWA. UNION GRANGE, No. 1612, reorganized April I, 1886, with 21 members, and have since added two with three more to be obligated at our next meeting. ()_ur co-worker, Silver Grange, has joined hands in cooperative work, social as well as financial. At a union meeting of the two Granges, held at Silver City, each Grange selected a committee of one to make purchases for members of their respective Granges. Un- ion Grange selected our Worthy Master, J. A. Farrington, and Silver Grange A. Judson, Worthy Lecturer. They made a purchase of $325, and by so doing realized a saving of 575, all expenses included, over the best retail prices that could be had. Our Grange is in good work- ing order and a good deal of interest manifested by most of the members. Our motto is “We will succeed.” It was suggested at the last meeting to attend the State Fair in a body, but this move has yet to be perfected. Yours for the good of the cause. FRANK RENSIMI-ZR, Lec. Henderson, Mills Co., Iowa, July 25. WE think it is proper under the circumstances to drop you a few lines for the purpose of letting the many readers of your very interesting paper know what we are doing out here in north.west— ern Iowa. Will just state that about a dozen old members of our Order met July 10 and conclud- ed to awaken the old Grange that had gone to sleep here some six or eight years ago. We re- solved ourselves into individual committees for the purpose of talking to all the old members we could see for four weeks, and on August 7 we would meet again. VVe corresponded with Bro. Blackford, State Master, during this time, who consented to come and was with us on that occasion. Our Grange reorganized with I6 old and 16 new members. \Ne feel greatly encour- aged with the prospect. We are under many and lasting obligations to Bro. Blackfcrd with- out whose aicl we could not possibly have accom- plished such a glorious result. With many wishes for the increased circulation of the VISl~ TOR and the cause to which it is devoted, I re- main, truly yours, GEO. WATTS. MICHIG—AN. THE last issue of the VIsiToR contained an editorial headed Farmers and Politics, which ought to be carefully read by every farmer in the State, and those who take the VISITOR and have not read the article ought to hunt up the paper and read it and ponder well over it. The editorial contains some facts, arguments and advice which every farmer ought to think carefully upon before voting at another election. It is a fact that agriculture is the great leading industry of the United States, and is of more importance and value than any other interest in the nation. In I883 the exports of the various industries of the United States to foreign coun- tries was some over seven hundred millions of dollars inrvalue. Agriculture furnished over five hundred and fifty-two millions of that amount, showing conclusively that the products of the farm furnished 80 per cent. of the exports of the United States for that year. Vi7ithout the agricultural interest the wealth and greatness of this nation would be merely nothing in comparison to what it now is. But notwithstanding these facts Congress and many of our public officers and prominent citi- zens treat agriculture as of little importance and the farmer as a kind of necessary slave. The editorial shows that Congress has appro- priated liberally millions upon millions of the people’s money for the various departments of government, but always manifest a disposition of stiiiginess toward helping to advance the greatest and most valuableindustry in the world. But why is this so? The editorial shows that of 40x members of Congress 273 were lawyers, and who is to blame for these lawyers being there more than the farmers? The interest of the lawyers is not (as a class) identical with the farmers. The agriculturalists of this country are numerous enough if they will but unite and work together to elect men to fill any office in the nation, who will recognize and grant agri- culture thc rights it so justly deserves. A. F. A LIGHT shower this morning, but not enough to do much good. New seeding is a total loss; pastures are all dried to nothing; corn and pota- toes will not be more than one-third of a crop; hay about halfa crop on an average. Wheat is a good crop, but at the present price there seems to be nothing left to repay the farmer for all his toil in produciiigit. At the coming election for Members of Con- gress aud State ofiicers it behooves every farmer and laborer to cast his ballot for his wife and children. Before another issue of the GRANGE VISITOR reaches its many intelligent and indus- trious readers the candidates of the difierent parties will be before us, and of course each one will claim to be honest and in sympathy with the people. Farmers of the great State of Michigrn don’t be deceived by their slippery, oily tongues but carefully examine the record of each (not as a partisan) and then cast your ballots as inde- pendent American freemen. M. Courtland, Mich., August 5, I886. WE, that means wife, self and family, spent four days at Sand lake last week. It done us ever so much good to get away from home and cares just for a short time. Of course we had a splendid time boating, fishing and visiting. I am not going to tell you about the lake, its crys- tal water and gravelly shore, nor of the beauti- fnl scenery and pleasant cottages that surround it. Just go there and find out how it is yourself. You will surely want to go again. We live twenty miles from Sand lake. The ride was delightful, but I was surprised to see so much poor corn. The drouth has injured crops very much through Adrian and Franklin town- ships. In this vicinity com was planted pretty early and thoroughly worked while it was small, and when it was large, too. The result is our com is first rate. Potatoes ditto. I will not forget to mention that our seed was good to be- gin with. Crops are a good deal like Granges —you have I got to start with good seed, cultivate well while 9 ‘young, and never let up. This life work and l Grange work lasts, or should last, until we can work no longer and are ready to lay down our implements of labor. Isomelimes get tired and think I will fold my hands and lei some one else do all the work. It won't do. We are all wheels or cogs in this great.Grange machine and not one can well be spared. Our County Grange meets with Medina Grange this week Wednes- day. Bro. Horton, our lecturer, thinks it is the duty of the Conrity Grange to furnish thought and food for Subordinate Granges. Of course he is right, but what will it be?—ihat’s the question. I have been doing so much thinking on this Grange work during the past ten or twelve years that sometimes it seems as ifl had “thought out" and hadn’t accomplished much either. Inm going to keep right at it, though, all the same. We had a good attend- ance Friday night at our Grange, and an inter- esting meeting, too. Palmyra Grange is in the front rank with guns loaded and primed. .\l. T. COLE. Palmyra, Mich. WE have just arrived home from a trip north of about 80 miles to visit dear friends in Lake Co. \Ve found that country very dry, not hav- ing had any rain to amount to anything since May; consequently crops are very poor. If the frost holds off they may have quite a good crop of potatoes and some buckwheat. We in our County are suffering for rain, although we have had rain lately, but the ground is so dry that an ordinary shower only nioisiens the ground a lit- tle on top. The wheat crop was fair in qualiiy and good yield. Oats rather light, so are pota- toes and corn. Apples small, made so by dry weather. New wheat 60 cents per bushel; guess farmers will not get rich selling wheat at that price. It is generally thought wheat will be higher on account of poor spring crops in so many of the States. We were glad to get home to take :1 look at our GR.-\.\'Gl-J Vis1'i‘oR which we carefully read and store in our mind for good use, we hope. We think L., oi Kalamazoo, an- swered Taxpayer very intelligently. AUNT KATE. D. A. DENNISON in your last issue expressed himself gratified with the recent passage of the temperance bill m:ikiiig“The Effects of Alcoholic Drinks on the Human System” one of the studies in all the schools controlled by Congress, He implies that the credit is clue entirely to the member proposing the bill and members voting for it. With all due reference to those honor- able gentlemen and that most august body a statement is due in behalf of the first and fore- most champions of the cause. Notwithstanding it was done in a place where woman’s voice and vote are naught (although he personifies Con- gress with a “she” and “her”) yet was this a work of women. For four years the unflinching efforts of the Women’s Christian temperance Union have been bent upon introducing this subject into all the schools of the nation. Already twenty states - have made it a compulsory study, and this last signal victory but heralds a time when every inch of the country will fall under its law. It was a victory in truth. Mrs. Hunt, representa- tive in this line of 50,000 white ribbon ladies, worked assiduously at Wasliiiigton to prevent its being ignored or defeated. Thousands of letters were written and untiriug energy was applied until she attained her end. It is a matter of curiosity how the State law is working in our public schools. Individually are patrons of education attending to its enforce- meiit. GRACE. PIONEER GRANGE met last Saturday with fair attendance. Initiation of new members occupied time usually given to discussion. The work was well done by our Worthy Overseer. Worthy Master B. F. Walker fell from his new barn and was seriously hurt the last of June. On Friday, July 2, three mowing machines invaded his meadow and before the week closed his brother Patrons had his hay crop all securely mowed away in his barn. Saturday evening, July 17, a class of eight or ten will be initiated. We have now about 100 members and still they come. Some of the ablest farmers in this part of Gratiot County are Patrons, and our discussions are both interesting and valuable. Our Grange keeps a small stock of goods in our hall, and Saturday evening quite a-lively and profitable business is done by the members. Children’s Day. was with us :1 great success, for which we thank Sister Mayo and all others who had part in introducing this Patrons holi- day. It is good for the old as well as the young. Bro. and Sister Mayo have (lone good work in this part of our county. Their lectures were listened to with attention and profit—cheering us with Grange work. It is putting it mild to say our Grange is healthy——it is booming. We have a good organ and good vocal music. Our young people can hardly wait for the next Sat- urday night, they are so well pleased with the Grange, with its opportunities for enjoyment and improvement Success to the VISITOR. .\Iay its readers multiply according to its merits. Elwell, July 12, I886. In reading Postal Jo‘. tings of Aug. I saw that Ashton Grange, of Kent Co., had no Grange for six weeks. The worthy brother says they have been too busy to spend time to hold a Grange. and further says how farmers are going to live time only will tell. This article stirred up my better nature considerably. ' Why, if we Patrons: i.l.I Morenci had no Grange for six weeks we sho__uld not only expect to die’ but should act- ually ihink we were dead outright. We have never supposed that the Grangewas a thing to be sustained or laid aside for some leisure time, to be taken up at pleasure. Morenci Grange holds a meeting every week, and 9. lively one, too. Our trouble is we find so much to do we can not get throughby closing time (to o’cl')ck) but frequently trespass on time. What do we find to do? Why, work, work, work. We are gleaning knowledge and wisdom; we are coming to the light; we are letting our light shine that others may take knowledge of us that we are Patrons loyal and true. No time to atteiida Grange! To attend our Grange is part of our week’s work. It is here that we improve our minds and our talents that have been so long unused, it is here that we'get food for thought. I believe if all faruiers throughout our brogd land would join the Grange and live up to its teachings to the very letter there would be less growling about hard times. I know the corn and potatoes are gone where the Woodbine twinelh. But the Lord still liveth, and has he not said, “I will care for my people”? By the Grange a way is provided whereby, if we im- prove it we may be able to live and to grow and to leave a posterity growing up into better man- hood iintl womanhood than their parents ever saw. And now when this door is open, when the avenues of learning, honor, fame and dis- tinction are opening up before us, shall we shut the door and say we have no time to attend to it? It is just such rebellious outbursts that hurt our Grange work. ' It seems to me that such (lead bodies want shaking up till there is more life in tlieiu. The Grange is like :1 lighthouse with the light brightly burning, in order that the ship may be kept off the rocks and breakers, but if the light is gone out, or the mariner has no time to heed the light, then is the ship wrecl-zed. So if we :5 Patrons have no time to attend Grange, our cause is lost and all past efforts vain. Let us awake to our duty and hold the fort for our children. Mus. A. J. SL"i"l‘().\'. WI-: echo Sister I\Iayo’s request regarding the Y0uth's Ilepartinent; we feel lost without it, we need some young company. Now will not the old contributors take up their pens again and pelt one another with knotty problems until an overflow calls for more room. This could be of great advantage to the schoolboy and girl; why not use it? If old contributors have outgrown this department let new ones come arid occupy and let us feel the freshness of their youthful vigor. S. Keeler, July 30, I886. A I<‘l.\'i-Z rain on the 26th inst. has saved the corn and potatoes, vines, &c. Cereals were mostly secured before the rain. Not much threshing done yet. No buckwheat to speak of sowed; the ground was ready in some ll‘I>',i.’7.!iC€S but when the rain came it was too late to sow. Apples have bean falling badly. Crops gener- ally have not suffered past reilcmpiiori. We wonder if the serruon .\li.-s Buell heard Talmadge preach was tinged witli Calvinism. \Ve greatly arlmire T. l)e\\'itt through reading his sermons, but have to confess the one on “Sparrows” savored too much of man’s inability to make the circumstances which largely control him. Will not some one report the Island Park gatliering. S. Keeler, July 30, I886. ggotitcs of gjcctiiigs. FOLLOWING is the program of Barry County Pomona Grange to be held with Prairieville Grange in their hall on Friday, August 27, at Io o’clock. A. M.: Music, Pomona Grange Choir. Opening address, Bro. C. Honeywell. Response, Bro. C. W. liiggs. Order of business. Finish work of last meeting. \Vheat culture; best varieties to Bros. J. Barber, M. and others. Paper—Why am I a Patron, Sister H. Brain- ard. l\Iusic——Instrumental quartette, Edgar Anson. Papei'——Thc trials and pleasures of fanii life, E. Honeywell. Question—Are lawyers better fitted for public life than men of other professions, Ilros. M. Ham- mond, H. Brownell and John Dawson. Song——Bro. A. Norwood. Recitations-—J. Francisco, and Sisters Lida Newlcmd, E. Barrett, G. Ilrainard, M. Otis, A. Travis, E. Stone, and others. Paper —\Vliat products of the farm yield the best returns? Bro. II. Honeywell. Se-lections——Sistei's M. I*'rancisco, H. Honey- well, A. I’zii'ker. l\lusic——O11r Home in the Giniige, Hickory Gran e. The outlook for the future—-Bros. Norton, Blackman, Brainard, Barrett, and others. All Fourth Degree members are urged to at tend. C. W. llluos, Sec. Ii{l.Il(lf'l6lLl, July 31, I886. sow, &c., Hammond, A. Francisco, THE next regular meeting of Eaton County Pomona Grange, No. 28, will be held Wednes- day, Aug. 25, with Eaton Rapids Grange at their hall in the city, commencing at I0 o’clock, A. M. All Fourth Degree members cordially invited. Gr-:0. D. PRAY, Sec. Dimondale, Aug. 3, I886. THE September meeting of Hillsdale County }I1’o]rpoti\.'{'Gdraiig1e willgbe [held at I.lICl1l‘lEl](l (k}range a , '6 nest ay, . cp. I, at to o’c oc A. M. The Fifth Degree will be conferred upon a class of several canclidatcs and the following program will be rendered: Address of welcome, Sister L. B. Agard. Recitation, Sister R. \V. Freeman. ‘. C. M. G. (I ~, . 333?; u."l».‘.‘§§..J.' Essay, Sister Clickner. Reading, Eva l\IcDougal. 1 Instrumental music, Sister Phoebe Mil er. Discussion-—How can the average farmer sup- ply his vegetables aud small fruit with the least ($6-peiiditiire of money or labor? opened by J. E. agiier. _ _ All Fourth Degree members invited to be present and make this the leading meeting of the year. ' J. E. WAGNER, Sec. PROGRAM OF ALLEGAN COUNTY COUNCIL. Allegan County Council will hold its next regular session at Monterey, Sept. 7,_ IS86, and as a good time generally is expected, it is to be hoped that the Patrons will so arrange their afliairs as to “turn out” in goodly numbers and give Monterey Grange a good rousing up and cheering up. Good music will be in attendance from the Monterey choir. The following pro- gram will be carried out as nearly 3.7 possible: Opening address, Seth K. Tanner, of Mon- terey Grange. Response, Melissa J. Leggett, of Watson Grangq Why are the farmers, when organized in societies, so unreliable in business arrangements? W, ll. lily, of.~\lleqriii Giniige Recitation, Grange Karo/ma’, That the strikes of the present day are a terrible necessity, as a l‘l1€:li1St(-\\‘l‘il'(l saving our country from the crushing rule of the money po\\'er—I)r. M. Chase, of Otsego Grange, and S. C. Foster, of Trobridge, followed by volun- teers. How shall we pay our debts with wheat at 75 cents per bushel? H. C. .\lcAlpiiie, of Monierey, and R. C. llnrmon, of Chcsliire Granges. Recitation, Lillian Blackmnn, of Allegan Grange. How shall we secure culture and refinement on the farm? W. J. Shirley. “lhat shall we do with our butter? and what is the lowest paying price for which it can be manufactured? II. I). Ifxlgcrtnn, of Watson. /\)L‘J'17/T’r'JI’, That interest in any form is usury, O. L. Ilolton, nthrniative, II. I5. Phelps, nega- tive. Parties who have heretofore been on program and have not been presented bring your papers along, lobe used lll case of need to illi time if necessary. MR5, l\'.i.\'r:iI-: A. Dii:i:i.I-1, Sec. Annie Granger, of Monterey Tilt: next .r, TIEEIZEJ GRANGE VISITOR. AUGUST 15, I896. gommunitatious. From my Diary. Bovs’ LITERATURE. There is a numerous class of writers who have made it a special object to write for children, and they have pro- duced what may, in more than one sense, be called a “childish” literature. Take, for instance ,The Boys’ History of New England, that is written merely to entertain the young; and, besides being fragmentary and inaccurate, it is not history, but disconnected stories to amuse children. Then we have The Boys’ Book of Travel, The Boys’ Book of Science, and so on to the end of the juvenile chapter. Most of these books are not worth the paper on which they are printed. But the boy gets hold of them, and, for want of better reading, wasts his time on them. The very idea of writing a distinct book, to amuse, advise or preach to the boy, defeats itself; for advice and preaching is a “drug in the market” with him. He is one of the family at home. There is no special table or food set apart for him. He fares the same as the older ones of the family. Write to the man, if you would entertain and instruct the boy. You do not resort to the intel- lectual pap-spoon, or the inspiring up-a- -did-dy, to stimulate his mental growth. But this is what many writers for the young are doing. Their books do not contain enough strong and wholesome thought to keep them from spoiling. In writing for the old or the young, we have found no better advice than .\Ion- tesquien gives: “It is not always advis- able so completely to exhaust a subject as to leave nothing to be done by the reader; the important thing is not to be read, but to excite the reader to thought." Such a- writer will not only give food for the mind, but will stimu- late intellectual growth. A bright boy, fond of books, said to his father, after reading one of the goody—goody stories, “Father, there never was such awfully bad boys, no such awfully good boys, as this book describes. The book is not true. The writer don’t understand boys; and besides, that man don’t live who can write a book for a. boy!” Now that last assertion is pretty strongly put, but it contains a truth worth considering. This boy was a better critic on this kind of literature than those who wield the critics pen. The boy sees the mer- its and defects of a story quicker than the man. He is a critic by natural in- stinct. His memory retains everything; his susceptibilities and intellectual fac- ulties are alive to all that is going on in ,the world that the hero lives in. Old Homer wrote admirably for boys and girls. He had a genuine epic story to tell, and he told it so well that it has -entertained old and young for over three thousand years. The boy loves the epic; the heroic is part of his nature, and is ever cropping out in his progress through boyhood. The period ofjuve— nile chivalry lies between boyhood and manhood. His life during this period is .rz¢z'gc2zerz':, and the writer who would catch this young McGreg0r on his na- tive heath has no “child’s play” of a task on hand. The art of amusing children and teaching children all at once is a rare one. Few authors have this art so well in hand that they can conceal it while telling their story so admirably that none of the little folk suspects that the story that delights him is really a ser- mon. Every observant person knows that children are wiser than they look. But few men have shown such trust in the youthful understanding as Frank R. Stockton, who has never thought it necessary “to write down to children.” He usually has a short story to tell, and tells it to an American audience, and in that audience he has a very large and -delighted class of young folk. Had he singled them out and written to them as .a distinct class, he would undoubtedly have failed in his efforts. As it is, he has won the American boy to reading the best kind of books by writing as if he were not writing to him. Thefollowing is the best list of auth- ors who have written for boys, so far as I have been able to find and recognize the best. I give, also, the most popular books for boys, written by the authors mentioned: The Arabian Nights. D. DeFoe—Robinson Crusoe. Sir Walter .‘Scott—-—Ivanhoe, Pirate, and Tales of a ‘Grandfather. Capt. Ma.rryat—PoorJack, Masterman Ready. Fenimore Cooper —The Spy, The Leather Stocking Tales. Michael Scott—Tom Cringle’s Log, The -Cruise of the Midge. Thomas Hughes —Tom Brown’s School-days at Rugby. j’. P. Kennedy—Horseshoe Robinson. R. H. Dana—Two Years Before the .Mast. M. and C. Lamb—Tales from Shakspeare. Mrs. H. B. Stowe—Uncle ‘Tom's Cabin. Charles Dickens—Old Curiosity Shop, A Tale of Two Cities, Christmas Carol. Capt. Mayne Reid- .Afloat in the Forest, The Scalp Hunters, The Bush Boys, The Boy Tar, or a. Voyage in the Dark; The Boy Hunters, or Adventures in Search of the White Buffalo. W. H. G. Kingstone—From Powder-Monkey to Admiral, The Three Midshipmen, The Three Lieutenants, The Three Commanders, The Three Admirals, Peter the Whaler, The Young Rajah. R. M. Ballantyne—The Red Man's Revenge, Post Haste, The Life- Boat, or Our Coast Heroes. A. R. Hope—Stories of Old Renown, Heroes of Young America, Buttons, The Men of the Backwoods. Rev. H. C. Adams i -—Who Was Philip? Schoolboy Honor, Schooldays at Kingcourt. G. Aimard—— Forest Chieftains, Paleface and Red- skin, Robbers of the Forest. Henry Frith—Escaped From Siberia, In the Brave Days of Old. J. Grant--Dick Rodney, The Romance of War. James Payne—In Peril and Privation. Capt. Percy Groves—From Cadet to Captain. Grace Greenwood’s works. F. R. Stock- ton’s works. HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY. T. B. Macaulay—History of England Essays. Charles Dickens—-A Child's History of England. J. G. Edgar—~His- tory for Boys, Boyhood of Great Men. W. H. l{ingston——Our Sailors: Gallant Deeds of British Navy; Our Soldiers: Gallant Deeds of British Army. Lieut. C. R. Low-—Capt. Cook's Voyages, Bat- tles of the British Navy. S. Smiles- Self Help. .\'ATURAL HISTORY, ETC. .\Iayne Reid—Quadrupeds: Zoology for Boys. R. .\'I. Ballantyne—The Ocean and Its Wonders. J. G. Wood—— Tlie Boy’s Own Book of Natural His- tory. R. A. Proctor—Half Hours with the Telescope. POETRY. Homer, Pope's translation; Shak- peare’s works; Macaulay’s Lays; Scott"s Poems. V. B —:———¢o>:———~ Mountains to the Sea. Bade good-bye to friends of Nevada City this morning, and took a seat in a car of the narrow guage railroad that extends from this mining city to Colfax, on the Central Pacific. The road is very crooked; it had better been called the Ram’s-horn. The road turns and twists around the mountains. You brace up one side, and then the train darts off on the other hand and you are thrown over, and with an effort you maintain your balance. We come rushing down the side of a mountain at the rate of 100 feet per mile, and cross a trellis bridge up 100 feet from the stream, and on so sharp a curve that the engine is seen going south, while we of the hind car are pointed toward the North star. On this road we pass through the deepest gravel cut known, standing nearly straight up ninety feet. We had the pleasure of the company of Judge S and his interesting wife, who im- parted much information as we passed along to the City of the Pacific. You have heard much of the washing of the mines filling up the streams and valleys. Passing along Green Horn river, the Judge said it was filled up 20 feet, and at the crossing of Bear river that river was filled up 40 feet. As we near Colfax we pass under the bridge of the Central Pacific railroad, which ap- pears suspended far up in the air over our heads. Here we get a good view of Cape Horn, and wonder if we did ever ride along on that shelf of the moun- tain away up there. Snow ranges shone themselves to the east. This is a wild ride to Colfax. At Colfax the culture of fruit, especially grapes, is attracting the attention of many. The red lands of the mountain proving superior in this respect, irrigation not being necessary, and Colfax being on the Pacific road, shipping facilities are good. Here we change to the Central Pacific. Auburn is rather a pleasant town amongst the mountains—quite a place of resort for the people of the hot valley below, who come here to enjoy the pure air of the mountains and the luxury of her cool nights, so that they only have pleasant dreams. At Newcastle fruit is quite an interest. The mountains begin to be more modest, and are willing to be called hills, which are very dry and brown, and will remain so till the rains of winter shall make them green again. At Rocklin we get down to quite level country, so they try to raise grain. Here are some very fine granite quarries, the rock splitting ver_v straight. Scattering live oaks appear, which lend beauty to the country. Sacramento is rather hot. As we pass out of the capital city we find the country flooded with water for a long distance; then comes broad fields of grain. Oats, barley and wheat are cut for hay in the doughy state. At Davis- ville we pass through a large vineyard, showing good care, and promising a large crop of luscious grapes. So on to Benicia, where we cross an arm of the bay on the largest ferry boat in use, taking on a large train of cars at once. Then we go on to Oakland, and over the bay to the city of San Fran- cisco. At Sacramento the thermometer stood at roo°. Here it is cool, and many have on overcoats. EMMONS BUELL. SAN FRANCISCO, Cal., June 21, I886. :_.___m “Three Cheers for Congress.” Brother Dennison in the last VISITOR, calls for three cheers for Congress, as though they had done something grand and noble, such as the world had nev- er witnessed before since the morning stars sang together. And then he goes off in a strain of joy and gladness inde- scribable over the reading of the “most glorious news ever heard by mortal ear.” I almost thought the happy brother would jump out of his boots and pass off like Elijah without seeing death. I myself became so excited over the ar- ticle that I threw down the paper and hastened to find the VISITOR that con- tained “The National Scientific Tem- perance Bill,” over which my brother, D. A. D., had made “himself so happy, and when I read it I pronounced it a milk-and-water bill, as tame as a goose nest and as harmless as a cooing dove. No rum seller will ever lose a moment’s rest on account of the terror of this bill. And I imagine it will have the same ef- fect on a whisky-drinking nation that the boy would have who sits on the can- tilever bridge that spans Niagara below the falls, whistling “Yankee Doodle” to the surging billows beneath him. And now before my worthy brother laughs himself to death, let him take the sober secondthought and consider what this “National Scientific Temperance Bill” amounts to. The entire essence ofthat bill is contained in Section 3, which may be summed up in these few words: “No certificate shall be granted to any person to teach in the public schools of the District of Columbia or Territories, after the ist day ofjanuary, i838,unless said teacher understands the nature and effects of alcoholic drinks.” Under this rule the distiller and rumseller would be more eligible to the teacher’s honors than any othe; class of citizens; for when the distiller makes the liquor does he not know the deadly effect upon the human system his narcotics will have? And when the rumseller stands behind the bar and deals out “liquid damna- tion” to his victims, does he Iiot know there is death in the cup? And yet he deals out the poison just as freely as he would the “Elixir of Life.” When the drunkard, in the very jaws of death, is struggling with delirium trernens, does he not know that the strychnine in his whisky is breeding snakes in his boots? And yet when the spasm is over, he will cry out for more rum; “I am dying for In rum; Not a line is written in this bill for the government of any citizen in the states; it is only for the District of Co- lumbia and the territories; and after the teachers in the District and territories have become thoroughly posted on the “nature of alcoholic drinks and narcot- ics” and their “deleterious effects upon the human system,” still there is noth- ing said, bad as they may find it, against their buying, selling, or drinking, the deadly ruin to their heart’s content; and to encourage them in this wicked work Congress, for a fee, will grant license to three hundred men, if need be, in every village and school district, to make widows and orphans, and deso- late homes, and to spread the dark pall of wailing and woe over cottage and mansion. This is the best that I can do for the “Scientific Temperance Bill.” Iain sorry that I can not join with Brother Dennison in glorifying it. “The Problem Answered,”in the last VISITOR, by “L,” of Kalamazoo, to me is worth a hundred such bills enacted by Con- gress. I would be glad to see 401 such men as “L" in Congress, and 400,000 such members in the Church, then we might hope for some legislation that would tell on the morals of this Repub- lic. CORTLAND HILL. Clinton County. -———————:o-——-2- Dr. Talmage on Newspapers. No man, living or dead, has been or is so indebted to the newspaper press as myself, because it has given me per- petual audiences in every city, town and neighborhood in Christendom, and I publicly, in the presence of God and this audience, express my thanks to ed- itors and publishers and compositors and typesetters, and I give fair notice that I shall in every possible it ay try to enlarge the field, whether by steno graphic report on the Sabbath or galley proof on Monday or previous dictation. I long ago said to the oflicers of this church, “Whoever else are crowded, do not crowd the reporters.” Every intel- ligent and honest representative of the press who takes his place in church, amounts to ten or fifteen churches built in this city. Ninety—five per cent of the newspapers are my friends, and the oth- er five per cent of the one hundred are such notorious liars that nobody be- lieves them. In self-defence, and six- teen years ago, I employed an official stenographer of my own, because of the appalling misrepresentations of myself and church. But things have so mirac- ulously changed that it is just as appal- ling in the marvelous opportunity open- ed, and for which I am grateful to God every day. “The newspaper is the great educator of the century. It is book, pulpit, plat- form and forum all in one. There is not an interest—religious, scientific, commercial, agricultural, manufactur- ing, mechanical—but is within its grasp. All our churches, schools, art galleries, asylums, and great enterprises, reforma- tory, religious or secular, feel the quak- Ing of the printing press. The first news- paper arose in Italy while Venice was at war. The paper was published for the purpose of giving military and com- mercial information to the Venetians. The newspaper arose in England in 1588. The first paper was called the Mercury, and then came the Weekly Despatch, the English Discoverer, the Secret Owl, and so on, and so on. In France the newspaper was first seen in 1631, and was published by a physician for the health and amusement of his patients. The newspaper grew in power until Napoleon I. wrote with his own hand articles for it, and in 1829 there were in the city of Paris 196 journals. The newspaper press, however, has had "its chief sway in this land. In 1753 r there were but thirty—seven journals on all the continent. Now there are 13,- ooo story newspapers rolling out copies in the year by the billion and billion. I have no difficulty in accounting for the world's advance. Four centuries ago, in Germany, attorneys in court fought with their fists as to who should have the first case, and the judge decid- ed for the strongest fist and the stoutest arm, and if the judge’s decision was dis- puted then he him-self fought with the attorneys. Some of the lords and the wealthier men of that day could not read the titles to their own property. Why the change? Books, you sa_v. No, sir; people do not read books. It is excep- tional when men read books. Take any promiscuous audience in this land, or in any land, and how many treatises on constitutional law have they read? how many books ofscience? ho\v many books in regard to navigation, in regard to geology, in regard to botany, in regard to any intricate subject? How much have they read of Boyle, of Xenophon, of Herodotus, of Percival? The people of the United States do not average reading one book a year to the individual. How, then, do I ac- account for the change and the fact that people are able to talk on all questions of science and art, and intelligence is everywhere as the light, and men are intelligent on all subjects? How do you account for it? Next to the Bible the newspaper, swift-winged and every- where present. Flying over the fence, shoved under the door. Put on the work bench, tossed into the counting- room, hawked through the cars. All read it——white, black, German, French, Italian, English, American, Swiss, well, sick, Monday morning, Saturday night, before breakfast, after tea, Sunday,week- day. I declare that the newspaper printing press is to be the mighty agent by which the Gospel is to be preached, crime extirpated, oppression dethroned, the world raised, heaven rejoiced, God glorified. In the clanking of the print- ing press, as the sheets fly out, I hear the voice of the Lord God Almighty saying to the dead nations of the earth, “Lazarus, come forth!” and to the re- treating angels of darkness, “Let there be light!” How many of the newspa- pers of city and town during the past ten years have had mighty pleas in be- half of the Christian religion, and have given some of the most effective inter- pretations of God's providence among the nations. There are only two kinds of newspa- pers. The good—-—the very good; the bad—the very bad. When a newspaper starts it may for a while have no espec- ial reputation either for virtue or in- famy: but in alittle while people decide for themselves, and then say, “It is good,” and it is good, and “It is bad,” and it is bad. The one newspaper is the embodiment of news, it is the ally of virtue, it is the foe of crime. It is the delectation of elevated taste, it is the mightiest agency for saving the world. The other is a brigand among moral forces, it is the besliiner of reputation, it is the foe of all that is good, it is the mightiest agent on earth for battling the cause of God and driving back Chris- tianity, if it could be driven back. "lhe one influence is our angel of light, the other influence is a fiend of daik.es~‘, and between that archangel and that fury is to be fought the battle that is to decide the destiny of the human race. One of the trials of the newspaper profession comes from inadequate com- pensation. There is great rejoicing ever and anon in this land because the price of newspapers has gone down from five cents to four, from four to three, from three to two, from two to one. There are men who would like to have the price go down to half a cent. I never rejoice at such a time, because it means hardship, penury, domestic privation, starvation. You may not see where it strikes, but it strikes. No newspaper in the land can afford to be published at less than five cents a sheet. Through the rivalries of newspapers it is neces- sary that prices should come down; but oh! what suffering it means, what hard- ship, what trial. Since the days of Haz- litt and Sheridan and John Milton and the wail of Grub street, London, literary toil has never been appreciated. Oliver Goldsmith entertaining his friends has to sit in the window because there is only one chair. De Foe, the author of 2 i 8 volumes, dies penniless. The learned - Johnson had such shabby clothes that he could not dine with gentlemen, so he sat behind a screen and dined while the gentlemen on the other side ofthe screen were applauding his works. So it has always been. Manual toil seems to have a grudge against literary toil. - TEACHING A HoRsE LANGUAGE.—-It is a mistaken idea that a horse must be kept in fear of the whip. He must be first taken in hand to learn the voice, and gradually made to understand by example the meaning of what is said to him. Teaching a horse is like teaching a child; when you commence the alpha- bet with him you make him repeat it, so as to familiarize him with the sounds and appearance of each letter. So with the horse, if you want him to go to the left or right, when you say left, you lead him by the head in that direction until he goes in that direction without your aid. To be sure it takes time to make him understand, but he will get as used to the words you speak and thefr meaning as he does to “whoa” and “get up."—i’l[z'rmea_1>a/isjourmz/. O gisrzllaneons. Good Bye Old Cow. Good bye, old cow: you’ve got to go, Of course, ’tis hard to tell you so, For your fore-fathers and my own For ages this old farm has known. You’re lank and flabb_v—-to be brief, You’re fit for neither milk nor beef: You yield but little at your best. And then go dry six months. to rest. Your horns are long, your bones the >11l‘n€. Too little meat for such a frame, \Vith stomach large and udder small. The different parts don't match at all. I look at you in sad regret And mourn to think we ever met, For every wrinkle on your horn Proclaims of wasted hay and corn. My neighbor farmers live with ea; The reasoii, simple. plain, and mic. Theylve kept Gum) stock, while I've kept YOU. Such common scrubs no more shall feed l)n me; I'll try (1 better breed. I plainly see my erior now-— \'ou'\'e got to go, good bye, old cow. ———(.‘. L. B. in If/‘:'.~‘/(I'll P/vzavmrtz. He that gets money before he gets wit, \\'ill be :1 short while the nirt-'ter of it. —-v~—-————(o1-——~—.j-« \\'iiERE liberty dwells, there is my country.—l?t'rg/11//1131 Frtuz/.'/1'21. ‘ — -~~ »« OnsERvE aniethod in the distribution of your tinie.—1)’.-".r/2:2,/2 Ilarzze. —»——-—--—@ IT is not our beliefs that frighten us half so much as our fancies.—0. III’. Ifo/mm‘. — ~ ' EVERY noble life leaves the fiber of it interwoven forever in the work of the \vorld.——R1151’z‘21. -——{—-——-————- A TENNESSEE farmer made an appli- cation of one handful ofground sulphur and the same of salt to about a peck of ashes, mixed together thoroughly, then applied to the collars of apple trees that were badly infested with the borer. He says the remedy killed the worms and saved the trees. ————?<—o>————— A CORRESPONDENT of the “Farm and Garden," says: “Grapes were rotting badly; at one time I thought I should lose half of mine. I showered them with a preparation made of carbolic acid one-fourth ounce and water twelve quarts. This was very effective and stopped the rotting at once.” --- ?—————(v1———— - A VERY observing and prosperous farmer attributes his success to sowing cheap seed. He studies at seeding time to put in those crops which had paid least the previous year, rightly calculating that enough farmers would become disgusted and cease growing that crop to make it profitable again. Besides, he made the certain gain in the cheapness of the seed used. ,?___..__¥__ , AN official report says that there are over 10,000 rum shops in the city of New York; one to every I25 inhabitants; one to every twenty five-families. There are 11,000 bakers, 2,ooo butchers, 4,000 grocers. Of these 1o,ooo rum shops 1,000 are licensed, and the illicit shops and places where liquor is sold number 9,000. - -—- The American hen is not doing her duty. There are 16,000,000 dozens of foreign hen’s eggs brought into this country every year free of duty. The American hens Inust scratch around, says a New England paper, if they are to avoid the reproach of allowing the egg industry to be crushed by the com- petition of the cheap pauper fowls of the effete monarchies of the Old World. With incubators to help them the Ameri- can hens ought to make a better record. ~ ANOTHER BoGUs—The question on adulterated foods acquires a fresh inter- est just now with the arraignment oftwo of the leading grocery firms in Boston for the sale of doctored molasses. The substance used is salt of tin, which gives brilliancy and clearness to the molasses. Half a grain of this substance introduced into the veins of a dog will kill him in 12 hours. Its action on the stomach is not so virulent, but 24 grains will kill a dog. It seems that the custom of using this poison has been in vogue more or less for many years. It also settles into the sugar at the bottom of the hogshead of molasses, which is sold to the dealers and confectioners, and so much finds its way into candies. As to molasses, it followed up on the use of glucose, which was begun in the era of high prices after the war, and has been kept up ever since. Glucose itself ‘is harmless, though it IS a fraud upon the consumer; but the line has got to be , drawn at salt of tin. = THERE are more ways than one of AUGUST 15, 1886. ’ THE GRANGE VISITOR. 3 Bulletin No. 16, Michigan Agri- cultural College. — Replies to Questions about Grasses. It may be generally known that the last Legislature passed an act whereby the writer should be one of six profes- sors of the Agricultural College, each one of whom should prepare two bulle- tins a year. In the present case, no provision was made for defraying any expenses for making experiments. With no assistant, the care of a botanic gar- den, an aboretum,and the large increase of students who attend the College and study botany, little time has been found for original investigation. Most of the results of former experiments in this di- rection have been given in lectures at farmers’ institutes and reports to the Board of Agriculture. This explanation seems to be in order as a partial excuse for selecting the above subject for the present bulletin. The relation and uses ofthe botanical department of the Agricultural College to the people of the State have been ex- plained in several former reports, and in the reports of the State Horticultural Society. At different times during the P35‘ twelve years, we have had large ‘mm’ bers of plats of grasses and Cloverst Lectures,reports and notes for the pres?’ have called attention to these exper“ ments. Add to this the great imp0r,tanC_e and difficulty of the subject, ma mg 1‘ impossible for any one except a °,t"fn' ist to recognize many grasses, inq‘““‘-“gs have been frequent. The department could be of still greater benefit to farmers if there were provisions made for using it. Here seeds of various sorts could be tested for puri- ty, vitality, and freedom from weeds. For example, a plan might be followed similar to one adopted by the members of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. They employ a consulting ' botanist, who, for a small fee, examines farm seeds, especially those of grasses and clovers, before they are purchased by members. The amount of work of the consult- ing botanist ot England has rapidly in- creased, and the seeds sold in the mar- ket have very materially improved in regard to the points above mentioned. Pl-ILEUM PRATENSE. TIMOTHY. A Professor of Agriculture in another State, and others, want to know if Timo- thy blossoms twice. A2zs7tIcr.——-On a certain day a few flowers open and close, not to open again. On each succeeding day, for six to ten days, depending on the weather, other flowers open and close. During the middle of this flowering period,most of the flowers open. Fewer blossoms on the first and on the last days than on any other day. "In Dakota, Timothy dries up and produces a very light crop,” says an in- quirer. “What would you try?” I. i\I. S., Otsego County, asks the same question, and wants to know what to do. Replies appear in what follows. D.-\C'l"YLIS GLOMERATA. ORCHARD GRASS. coci-:’s roor. Every llttle while specimens arrive, and questions are asked. Anrwcr.——ThiS is a native of Europe, a nutritious,early grassxmuch prized for pasture,and in many places for meadows. It flowers with early red clover, is rath- er coarse, and speedily becomes ripe and woody after flowering. It grows in tufts, unless sown at the rate of about two bushels of seed in the chaff to the acre,or mixed with other grasses or clo- vers. It is a perennial and not easily killed by feeding or mowing. It is one of the most promising for trial in North- ern Michigan and in Dakota, as well as in many other places. It does not spreadlike quack grass, and is not hard to kill by cultivation. It thrives very well in shady places. Orchard grass is especially Suited to deep, rich loam, but not to stilf, cold clay, or very thin soils. ARRHENATHERUM AVENACEUM. TALL OAT GRASS. (A2/erza E/atiar.) Various inquiries have been made. This comes from Europe, where it does not usually rank as high as some of the finer grasses. Tall oat grass is a very vigorous per- ennial, starting early, usually making a large growth for meadow or pasture. It is rather bitter, but stock eat it well, if not allowed to get too far advanced be- fore cutting. Like orchard grass, it should not stand one day after flower- ing, if good hay is any object. This is very suitable in many places weSt,north and south, to mix with early red clover and orchard grass. Most people who have tried it in our State report favor- ably. This is inclined to grow in tufts, and does not spread like quack grass. It is well worth trying on the light soils of Northern Michigan. FESTUCA ELATIOR. TALL FESCUE. MEADOW FESCUE. I. P. M., Penn., says this grass comes up luxuriantly, and thrives in the shade of trees. He would like to know wheth- er to make it welcome, or begin an ex- termination. This comes from Europe, where it has long been highly esteemed for pasture and meadow. L_1ke the two preceding, tall fescue grows_1n tufts, un- less thickly sown. In quality it ranks high. The plants start early in spring, whether they come from seed or old stubble. This is liked in many places, and is especially worthy of trial in N Jrthern and Southern Michigan. It is adapted to loam, but will thrive on any good soil. snEEr>’s FESCUE. (Festuca 07/imt.) Is often inquired about, ‘but hardly merits attention on account of its small size and tufted habit. BUFFALO GRASS. There are many species of western grasses which'a.re popularly and indis- criminately called by this name. They are all small and few, if any, stand well the tramping of close pasturing. Inqui- ry was made in reference to trying them in Northern Michigan. Those named above are more promising for that coun- try. ALOPECURUS i>RATENsIs. TAIL. MEADOW FOX- At the first glance, when in flower, this grass is often mistaken for Timothy, but it blooms about four weeks earlier, the spikes are shorter, broader, and much softer, and the whole plant is smoother. In plats it attracts much at- tention. The plants from seed require acouple of years to get well established. The seed is light and often poorly filled. It is a perennial from Europe, where it is highly esteemed in mixtures for per- manent pasture and meadow. Meadow foxtail is not well adapted to' alternate husbandry, but is excellent for perma- nent pastures in moist climates. It starts very early in spring and is well worth a trial in the richer parts of Northern Michigan. SORGHUM I-IALAPENSE. JOHNSON GRASS. This is a rather tall, coarse grass, in- troduced into the South, where the best judges are agreed that on rich land nothing surpasses it for permanent meadow. The rootstocks are large and juicy and fill the ground like quack grass. At the North it starts too late and makes too thin a growth to be of value; moreover, the plants are more or less killed by the winter unless well mulched with snow or something else. It does not seem possible that it can be of any use in Michigan. Inquiries have often been made in reference to habits and uses. Seeds ripen at Lansing. CYNODON DACTYLON. BERMUDA GRASS. This foreign grass seldom seeds in the United States, but spreads rapidly after the manner of June grass by stout rootstocks. It loves the sun and heat and is one of the very best grasses for pasture and hay in warm climates. It is propagated by planting pieces of the rootstocks, which soon fill up the inter- vening spaces. At the Agricultural Col- lege the habits of this grass have been carefully studied for several years,where it has never failed to‘ pass the winter, though sometimes partially killed. It spreads slowly, in some places holding its own or even gaining on June grass; starts late in spring, and is killed back to the ground by the first frost. It does not seem to be worthy of attention in any part of Michigan. POA PRETENSIS. JUNE GRASS. KENTUCKY BLUF. GRASS. BLUE GRASS. Although answers have been repeat- edly given to inquiries about this native grass, they keep coming in. This is, perhaps, our most common grass, found in old pastures or by the wayside. On poor land, or in dry seasons, the flower stalks seldom exceed a height of ten in- ches, while on rich land it not unfre- quently grows four feet high. The quali- ty is excellent, as is well attested by the famous pastures of some parts of Ken- tucky and of other states. It is one of our best grasses for lawn and for pas- ture, and is too well known to need a further notice. It must not be mistaken for flat—stemmed poa, also called wire grass or blue grass, This latter is seldom purposely sown, as the growth is late, thin and slow; still the quality is unsur- passed. POA SEROTINA. FOWL MEADOW GRASS. FALSE RED TOP. This native grass is very common on bottom lands in connection with red top, which is rather more abundant and better known. Like the two preceding species of poa, this one also is of excel- lent quality for hay or pasture. The panicle is long, loose and flexible, the stems a little weak and inclined to lodge. It is very palatable, even after going to seed. The flowers appear in July, about the time of the blossoms of red top. It is one of the best for marsh- land meadows,but is not so well adapted for pasture. It deserves more attention than it has received from the farmers of our State. Specimens, with inquiries, have come from several distant states as well as from our own. AGROSTIS VULGARIS. RED TOP. GRASS or PENNSYLVANIA. This varies much in color and habit and seems to ‘shade off into A. stolrmzl fera or A. aléa, known as creeping bent or fiorin. It is excellent for marsh lands, whether needed for pasture or for hay, and is very suitable for lawns sown alone or with June grass. A. CANINA. RHODE ISLAND BENT is smaller than the former, which it much resembles in many respects. The seeds of these are much mixed. The latter is a favorite for lawns. Inquiries about the species of Agros- t1s are common. DEYEUXIA (CALAMAGROSTIS) CANADENSIS. BLUE Jomr. This tall,native marsh grass is usually called blue joint by people in Michigan and eastward, though half a dozen or HERD’s “we go westward. This one flowers by the middle of July, when it will cut a heavy crop of very good hay. It is suitable to mix with red top and fowl meadow grasses for low lands. PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA. REED CANARY GRASS. This is a native in wet places and somewhat resembles the preceding. The top is six inches long and quite narrow, the stems are firm and the leaves harsh, the whole making rather poor hay. It is the original of our striped or ribbon grass found in cultivation. MUHLENBERGIA GLOMERATA. Frequent inquiries are made in regard to this native grass, which is found on marshes,where it flowers in August. The stems are about two feethigh,wiry,erect, leaves thin, top about one—half by three inches, and usually tinged with purple. In various sections ofthe United States farmers have given it different common names. Where it is found in abundance, the hay bears a high prize for feeding horses. There are four other species of Munlenbergia with a more branching habit, common in Micliigan, some of them found on dry land, and all flower- ing late. VANILLA GRASS, ([{z'zrozZoa.) Comes occasionally for a name on ac- count ofits fragrance, much resembling that of sweet vernal grass. It is appar- ently of little value for pasture or hay. The panicle is of a brown color. RICE CUT GRASS. Grows in ditches, and cuts the fingers with its stiff, hooked prickles,which also serve to help hold up the tall stems by hooking on to other plants. The leaves are sensitive, and close up when rubbed between the thumb and finger. An in- teresting grass, but of no agricultural value. ANDROPOGON FURCATUS. (Lce'rrt'¢z.) FINGER GRASS. This native is sometimes called blue stem. It grows four to six feet high,has a woody stern and flowers late. In the East it is not considered of much ac- count, but on the dry plains of the West it is valued for hay. Other grasses of less importance are sent for name or other information,such as burr grass, wild barley, some of the weeds of the grass family, the small an- nual variety of sweet vernal grass, wild oats, etc. A western professor sends one hun- dred and fifty bunches ofgrass for name; others want a list which promises well for Missouri, Dakota, Kansas, Indiana, Illinois, or Michigan; others ask for those most suitable for marshes the names of which are noted above. A man in Illinois is told to try June grass if he desires a grass to keep the banks of a ditch from washing, and at the same time wants one which will not choke the ditch. Seeds of June grass are sometimes sent to Germany, where they are sol as Poa trz'zu'alz'.r, rough stalked meadow grass. Some of them come back to Michigan Agricultural College for iden- tification after passing through a Seed station in Germany and one in New En- gland. Mixed lawn grasses are beginning to come in since our bulletin was issued stating that June grass and red-top were the best and only grasses needed for most lawns. ” Some ask what permanent grasses will thrive best in an orchard or in a grove. Orchard grass and June grass are named for this purpose. Grass seeds from this College have been sent for trial to the Agricultural Colleges of six other states. WHEAT AND CHESS. Large numbers of specimens have been sent and several have been brought by persons to show that wheat will turn to chess. So far, each one has failed in every attempt. In brief, all the cases so far seen can be summed up as follows: A chess root ran into an old hull of wheat, which was pulled up with the chess plant; bunches or plants of wheat and chess were closely inter- woven by the roots and lower stems,but with no connection; the top part of a chess plant had been pulled out, and one of wheat, cut off, and crowded down in its place; a panicle of chess had been crowded down into the upper sheath of a plant of wheat; some small portions of a panicle of chess had been purposely or accidentally broken off and clasped by the chaff of a spike of wheat. W. J. BEAL, Professor of Botany and Forestry. Ag’l College, Mich., july 15, 1886. — THE Boot and Shoe co-operative asso- ciation, of Detroit, an outgrowth of the PINGREE strike a few months ago, has already placed itselfon such a firm foot- ing as to pay all its monthly expenses and have a small surplus left to apply on its original indebtedness. Consider- ing the grave disadvantages as to hard times and lively competition under which the association has struggled this is a very remarkable showing and indicates quite clearly what a co—operative society rightly managed may do. ji-uo>——j—— A WONDERFUL temperance awakening is reported from Mazeppa, Minn.,under the labors of Mr. W. B. Ladd. Gospel temperance meetings were held for five nights, and about 225 signed the pledge, many of whom had never been reached. ~ Roscoa CoNKLiN’s fee in the‘ Broad- more distinct sorts pass by this name as } way (New York) railway case was $30,- ooo. ' “Turn to the Right and Keep Moving.” On the Brooklyn Bridge, as a crowd surged by, That wonderful structure proving, This placard greeted each traveller’s eye,- “Turn to the right, and keep moving.” ’Tis a motto for you, dear boys and girls, \Vhose value is worth the proving; Through this busy world, as you pass along, “Turn to the right, and keep moving.” You will come to many a turn in life, Where two ways wait your approving; But avoid the left, though it looks most fair; “Tum to the right, and keep moving.” On the left hand road snares wait for your feet, Its promises fair disproving. And the end thereof is despair and death; “Turn to the right, and keep moving.” The wine cup is there, with its deadly spell, Profanity, truth outrunning, And the noxious weed, with its poison breath, And all that you should be shunning. With your hands extended for others’ needs, Vllith your lips all sin reproving, \Vi1h your eyes fixed ever upon the goal, “Turn to the right, and keep moving.” — .1/r.v.!/z/cw G. Rive. Something About Ensilage. There seemsto be an inquiry concern- ing ensilage; what it looks like, what it costs, and something for the information ofthe general reader. Books on ensilage are too exhaustive and newspaper arti- cles are generally someone’s experience pre-supposing a knowledge of the sub- ject. That is my only excuse for raising my ebenezer. Silo is the receptacle,and ensilage,or silage (as sometimes called) is the article itself. The good house- wife has long put up canned fruit and that is what ensilage is, only the latter is on a larger scale. If one intends building a silo he must inform himself thoroughly on the sub- ject, as some slight mistake may ruin a crop, and he will lose faith in the whole subject. Ensilage is no longer an ex- periment, if intelligently conducted. Whether every farmer needs one de- pends on several things, and he must be the judge. If he were thinking of build- ing a barn, he must determine whether he needs one, whether he can afford it, and its size and style. Ensilage is for the dairyman or anyone who wishes to make a specialty of milk or butter. It is also claimed, and reasonably too,that ensilage cheapens production sufficient- ly to enable the general farmer to make money producing butter at present prices; whereas now it is close work. The food is so much cheaper than hay, and its succulence so increases the flow of milk that by its aid, winter dairying must be quite profitable. You cannot build a silo as an experi- ment to see if you like it. You proba- bly won’t. Neither will the cows. They won’t be as green as you are. After de- termining to go on with it, you must go in,as the boys played marbles for keeps; not necessarily on a large scale, howev- er. Some men with a turn for a scien- tific job would make a success of en- silage, while their neighbors with the same appliances, would make a dismal failure. From the very nature of en- silage it will quickly rot any temporary board arrangement. You may be pleased with it for a year or two. It will be so expensive for its durability that it will be unsatisfactory. A silo is built similar to, and with as much care as you would build a cistern. A silo of 1.000 cubic feet (roxroxro) will cost about $100, has a capacity of 25 tons, which may be gathered from one acre of ground, and this will feed five cows six months. These are the lowest average figures taken from many accounts. Silos are better built deeper. It is necessary to have a power cutter as the ensilage must be cut into half-inch lengths. It must be trodden down firmly. For a small silo, which only requires a day to fill, it i; necessary to let it remain several hours, or until the ensilage heats to about 100 degrees. Ensilage will settle about one—half. A frame is placed above the silo; after weighted, it settles in a few days. It is covered with a foot of straw. A two-inch plank cover is made a little smaller than the surface of the silo that it may not vbind, and weighted with stones or sand boxes, 100 pounds to the square foot. The earth taken from the pit will be useful in banking the framework spoken of. Ensilage is worth for feeding three times as much as dry fodder. The corn fodder is en- silaged in the full; in the spring the silo is empty and ready to receive its Semi- annual filling with winter rye, clover or June grass for summer feeding. Ensilage is not a complete food. Cattle should be fed a small quantity of hay at night and their regular rations of bran. Fifty pounds per day of ensilage is fed, ten pounds of bran and five of hay to each cow daily. A feed cutterwill cost$roo. After fermentation ceases, carbonic acid is formed. If there be danger that this settle, it would be well to lower a lan- tern into a silo before venturing down. Ensilage is brown in color, and has an originality of its own, still may be said to be something like kraut. The silo must be under shelter and is well to be convenient to the feeding barn. O DURING 1884 there were 1 1,2 24 arrests in Brooklyn, .N. Y., for drunkenness. The total arrests were 26,1 r9,—a1most as many persons were arrested for drunkenness as for all other causes com- bined. The total debt of the United States is $I,464,327,493. The cash in the treasury. available for reduction of this ldebt, 329,282,495. Sorrows of a Saloon Keeper. Petroleum V. Nasby paints the fol- lowing vivid and sympathetic picture of the trials incident to the life of that per- secutedindividual—the saloonist: Last nite we wuz all sitting comfortable in Bascum’s. It wuz a delightful evening we wuz a spending. The night wuz cold and chill, and the wind wuz whist- lin’ through the dark, but the cheelinis uv the weather outside only made it better for us. The stove wuz full uv wood and red-hot on top, diffusin’ heat, which is life, and Bascum, yielding to the seductive inflooences of comfort that wuz in the place, hed hot water on the stove, and Mrs. Bascum mixed with her fair hands the hot punches which ever and anon we ordered. “What a happy life yoors is, Dascuml" sed Kernal M’ Pelter. “Happy!” remarkt Issaker Gavitt, “I shood say so. Nuthin to do but sell liker at profit of zoo per cent, and every customer you git ded shoor for life.” “(;‘entlemen,” said Bascum, onbend- ing, for he was drinking hot whiskey too, “there is advantages in running a wet grocery, but it has its drorbax. It is troo, that there is zoo per cent profit, or would be ef you get paid for it. A ingenious youth Comes to‘ my IJJJ‘, which hez a small farm, and gets to takin his sustenance. That wood be all rite for me ef he cood only take his sustenance and take care of his farm at the same time. But he don’t and whenever the necessity uv taking sustenance begins to be regler, jest when he mite be uv the most yoose to me, I have notist ther wuz alluz a fallin off in his corn crop. Corn won’t grow onless you plant it, hoe and tend it; and a man which be- comes a regler customer uv mine don’t plant, hoe and tend to advantage. “Then, not heving corn to sell he can't pay for liker, and ez he must have it he goes tick, and finally mortgages his place. Troo, I allus git the place, but it would do better for me ef he cood keep on working it, spending the pro- ceeds at the bar. There is very few men which ken do this. “And then deth is another drorbax to my biznis. lif a man cood only drink regler and live to be seventy it wood be wuth while. Bu‘. they don't do it. They are cut off by the crooel hand of deth jest when they begin to be yoosful to me. This one go:s uv liver disease, tother one uv kidney trouble, roomatism sets in and knocks one uv ’em off his pins, softenin' uv the brane kills another—” Joe Bigler, who just dropped in doubted the last disease. “No man wich had a brane to soften woo..l tech the stuff,” said be. “And then,” continyood liascu m,. ‘ ther is a chronic diarrer, and ef one uv ’em gets hurt he never gets over it and then bronkeetis comes in on em, and dyspepsy,—what good is a man for work wich hez dyspepsy, and there are so many diseases that hits the man which takes hizzen reglerly, that they die altogether too early. Them ez holds on can’t work after a certain time, and them as don’t have the constooshin to hold on perish like the lilies of the valley,jist when they git regler enuff to. be profitable. “And then other trubbles interferes’ with me. When a noo man gits too full he quarrels and comes to an end from injoodishunis. I have bfien in this room twenty-five years, and I hev seen mor’n a dozen uv my best customers, some of ’em wuth two dollars a day to me,. stretched out on the floor with bullet holes or knife wounds into ‘em. It was» a hard blow when Bill Rutlege wuz kill- ed rite where Deerskin is sittin. He spent on an average uv $4 a day with me, and he was snuffed out in aminit. And then they hung Sam Kittrige, wat shot him, and there wuz another uv about the Same. Both on ’em, had they lived, wood hev bin my meat for years, for they wuz both strong men and could have endoored a pile uv it. “Ther are other trubbles. It is not pleasant to hev men inflamed with liker beatin each other over the heds with bottles and tumblers, for it destroys glassware, and furnitoor is apt to be brokenjl have offen wished I hed akind of whiskey wich didn’t make maniacs uv them wich drink it, but I never saw any of that kind.~ I have often seen a. dozen rollin on the floor tu wunst, and when they come to draw pistols and shooting permiskus, it ain’t pleasant nor profitable. I hev had pistol balls after going thro’ a man smash bottles in the bar, and how are you going to tell whoose pistol did the damage? “Besides these drorbax comes sich ez* yoo. Wat yoose are you to me? It’s ‘Bascum, a little old rye strate,’ and after my good liker is gone, comes the. everlastin remark, ‘Jist put it down.’ That's the disgusting part uv it. Efyou. cood work and em suthin, and pay cash ther wood be suthin to the biznis, but you don’t. “To make the s’loon biznis wat it ought to be, I want a noo race of men. I want a set of customers with glas-lind stumicks backt up with fire brick. I want a lot uv men with heds so con- structed that they kin go to bed drunk and wake up in the morning and go about their work. I want a set of cus- tomers with stumicks and heds so con- structed that liker won’t kill ’em just ez it becomes a necessity to ’em. How- ever, I manage to get on. There ain't no rose without a thorn." —————-<—o>——————- ALL truth is not to be told at all times. ..-.‘a.v~"I-7my..-airman’; v » THE GRANGE VISITOR. _ AUGUST 15, 1886. @112 firange Zfiigifnr. Published on the First and Fifteenth of every month, AT 50 CENTS PER ANNUM Eleven Copies for $5.00. J. T. COBB, Editor and Manager, SCI-IOOLCRAFT, Mici-i. §‘Remittances should be by Registered Letter, Money Order or Draft. @ T/ti: paper is sent only at ordered % and/Jaidfor in advance. Single copy, six months, . . . . . . . . .3 25 Single copy, one year, . . . . . . . . . . . 5o Eleven copies, one year, . . . . . . . .. 5 oo To 10 trial subscribers for three months we will send the VISITOR for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. I oo Sample copies free to any address. Address, J. T. COBB, SCHOOLCRAFT, Mich. Entered at the Post Office at Coldwater, Mich., as Second Class matter. To Subscribers. Remittances may be made to us in postage stamps, or by postal note, money order, or regis tered letter. If you receive copies of the paper beyond your time of subscription it is our loss not yours. We aim to send every numbei of the paper for the time paid for, then strike out the name if not renewed. Renewals made promptly are a matter of much convenience, and we re- spectfully solicit such that no numbers be lost to you. _ . Advise this ofiice at once of a change in your address, or if numbers fail to reach you. Farmers and Politics. In our last under this head we printed the past delinquency of the farmer class in their political action, and endeavored to make somewhat plain the conse- quences of that delinquency. We shall not at this time present an array of fig- ures to prove that the agricultural class constitute a very large proportion of the population of this country—or to show that when the farmer class do not prosper that all other lines of business languish —or to prove that leaving out the me- chanic who holds a title deed to a house and lot not half paid for, the ag- ricultural class hear more than a fair share of the burdens of taxation; nor shall we undertake to prove that farmers have no just and equitable proportion of representation in the legislative bodies of the country, nor that the gen- tlemen entrusted with that work are scrupulously careful to look after the interests of the farmers by whose votes they were elected; nor is it necessary to show by figures that the agricultural class have at any time received any proper and just recognition by the gen- eral government. All these things are generally understood. Now, if this is so, why is it so? That is a question that we want answered. The condition of things which we have called up for consideration is not some- thing new; nor is it something to feel proud of for it is certainly in no wise creditable to farmers as intelligent mem- bers of society. We will not assume that political par- ties should have no existence, but we will assume that farmers by their edu- cated attachment to political parties have failed to look beyond the name and seek to find out what parties, as such, were doing for this, or that, or the other, department of industry. To us it appears clear that the time has come when by the absence of great national questions that divide our people on their merits, the attention of farmers may be arrested and fixed upon some of these questions that concern us as farmers. If, as we allege and it is nowhere de- nied,the agricultural class is mainly with- out representatives from their own class in the Congress of the United States, should we not see to it that by con- certed action we provide for representa- tion from our own ranks? It is customary for parties to promul- gate their principles and announce them to the world in what they designate as a platform that the candidates of the party are presumed to accept and try to make operative by all necessary legislation with adequate provision for its enforce- ment. Is not this an opportune time to insist upon the incorporation in party platforms of a recognition of the im- portance of agriculture by the elevation of its commissioner to a Cabinet posi- tion. Shall we longer wait for parties to ignore our demand upon Congress tn protect innocent users of patented articles from the demands of unscrupu- lous robbers. Why not insist that it become a sound plank in party plat- forms, and pronounce a woe upon any representative who shall prove false to the accepted trust. Let us as farmers formulate our de- mands and see to it that they are en- grafted into party platforms, and the party that fails to accept and ad_opta reasonable demand made upon it by the farmers of this country will have for- feited. all claim to support from the farmers who have heretofore given it their votes. Progress. The fa.rmers’influence in public a.f’fa.irs has been for once fairly shown by the passage of the bill placing all butter substitutes under the surveillance of the United States government from and af- ter the rst day of November next. This gives the bogus butter-makers ample time to get their goods off their hands as far as possible, and the remainder properly branded in accordance with the requirements of the law. This is the most marked instance of compliance on the part of congress with a wide-spread demand from the farmers of the country for protective legislation and proves what we all knew before, that if farmers present a reasonable claim upon congressional action and press that claim with business pertinac- ity their demands will be conceded.— The measure of success accorded them in this instance will prove a valuable lesson. This demand for protection has been made upon State legislatures with but indifferent practical results, and we can think of no more sorry confession than this. But there has been, and is, very general agreement in the failure of State law and local officials to protect the dairy interests of the country from a score or two of counterfeit butter- makers. In this matter, whatever we may think or claim for State rights, this general confession of failure or inability to protect the thousands of butter-mak- ers with their hundreds of thousands of invested capital, from the established business of counterfeiting, carried on openly in public places without an effort at concealment is a most pitiful confess- ion of inefficiency. This dairy business’ is in the hands, heads and pockets of farmers. They are in sufficient num- bers to take care ofthemselves and their own affairs in any and all the States where dairy interests have any import- ance, and yet they have not had such concentrated action as to bring about satisfactory results, and so they appealed to Congress. Uncle Sam’s ofiicials be- ing so much farther removed from the people act more independently and ef- fectively. A No one now presumes to say that these counterfeiters will not pay this two cents a pound and brand their goods. These manufacturers of bogus goods will undergo a compulsory conversion and no longer rest under the odium of being known as counterfeiters. Though not particularly meritorious yet aforced conversion to more honest ways will be a good thing for all concerned. It is likely that men whose whole business success was based on deception will be ingenious in evasion, but their tricks will be more easily traced than their confederates in crookedness, the whisky sellers. Take it all together we see the world moves and we are more hopeful. ._.._.._....__.—. Politics and Politicians. Politicians as a class are active fel- lows and have an established character for mrmagemem‘. Every man recognized as a'politician when he looks in a mir- ror knows thathe is looking at the image of a fellow who believes it is the heighth of his moral and religious duty to take care of himself and his party, and his creed is summed up in the brief but comprehensive proposition, “The end justifies the means.” The inherent wickedness of the proposition needs no illustration. Its attempted justification is found in the lame apolo- gy, “The fellows on the other side do so and we must match ’em.” We have been quietly looking at the situation and have in some way reached a conclusion in regard to some things about Michigan politics this year.- There is general agreement that mil- lionaire candidates must stand back this time. It is not expected that a fi- nancial backing to ambition is to be- come unpopular for all time, but there isjust now an odium attached to that sort of patriotism and it must wait for a lull in the popular condemnation which has been awakened. While there is no great wave of pub- lic feeling, yet there is to-day a better recognition by the people of the fact that as between the dominant parties in this State it is more a struggle for place and power than for any well defined principles and policy. And this feeling has relaxed party obligation and de- veloped the independent voter. There has never been a time within our mem- ory when to hold the people to their former party fealty there was such a demand upon the managing politician to put his ear to the ground and regard the expressed wish of the people in the selection of candidates. The demand that wealth be not an essential condi- tion to secure place or in other words the sentiment that only the wealthy need apply is at a discount this year, and so will be any man who comes to be recognized as the politicians’ can- didate. If the politicians have not found that out they will only have to wait until the split and scratched tickets disclose the fact in November. THE New York Tribune says oleomar- garine is pronounced oleomargahreen, with the g hard. Nearly all the papers that pronounce oleomargarine at all have pronounced it a fraud. And per- haps that is the best way; it requires fewer letters and is much easier. The Ballot a Sacred Trust. The GRAKGE VISITOR is not a mere political organ—a party newspaper. As a journal advocating the moral, so- cial, intellectual and industrial advance- ment of the people, and particularly the agricultural class, it also would bring to the attention of its numerous readers their obligations as citizens of a grand commonwealth; and to inculcate a broad, free, fearless investigation of the various political organizations precepts, candidates, and questions of public im- port that shall he submitted to the peo- le. ' P Political organizations are but the means to an end—that end, good hon- est government; a faithful, impartial ad- ministration of public affairs by officers duly chosen according to the require- ments and in strict conformity with pro- visions of law—and all theoretically agree as to the final object to be at- tained, whether under one party name ‘or another. To you, farmers of Michi- gan, the appeal will soon be made all along the line. Candidates for office will be as thick in every voting precinct in the State as “leaves in Valambrosa.” Are you fully alive to the importance and political responsibilities of the hour? That the ballot in your hands is a per- sonal sacred irurtf That is a duty you owe not only to yourselves and your own households but also to community and the great brotherhood of your fel- lowmen, that you think seriously, con- scientiously investigate, and determine for yourselves your personal line of ac- tion—that you do not servilely and blindly follow the lead of any party against your honest convictions, but in your ballot exercise the prerogatives and functions of citizenship fearlessly, independently if need be, in full appre- ciation of the grave duties and responsi- bilities thereunto attached. The VISITOR earnestly desires the honest yeomanry—the real bone and sinew of the State—-to take their proper stand in the front rank of political pro- gress; to emancipate themselves once and forever from the dominations and control of political demagogues, trick- sters and knaves, who, with high sound- ing phrases and deceitful promises seek to gain control of public affairs to fur- ther their own personal schemes, plun- der the public treasury, subordinate and debase the public service, holding their duties and responsibilities as public offi- cers under the law to be of secondary consideration. Awake! Put on your strength and come out to battle for the right, for jus- tice, for honest government, and thus fulfill your obligations as worthy citizens of the State, and exemplify the attri- butes of a noble, true, political man- hood. THE summing up of crop reports, the world over, indicates quite a reduction in the world’s supply this year as com- pared with 1885. Prices, however, do not sympathize with these conclusions. But prices are so affected and controlled by the gambling department of business that it takes more than average wisdom or self-conceit to predict with much confidence the future of the grain mar- ket for the present crop. Upon one point, however, there is very general agreement—there is little room for farther decline. Any_material change must be in favor of the producers as grain is not passing out of farmers’ hands faster than the general consump- tion demands. An advance of ten per cent. would transfer the wheat crop from first hands largely, and while we believe such an advance will come yet we do not ask anybody to place any reliance on this opinion. A year ago the pre- vailing confidence in dollar wheat with- held the crop from a 90 cent market and allowed wheat from India to supply a foreign demand that we might have filled at the lower rate. Farmers are not likely to make the same mistake this year. __..__........__ EVERY ONE, farmers particuiarly, turn out and attend the caucuses and nominating conventions. See to it that men of unquestionable character and ability are put in nomination. As you scan your ticket at the polls, if an un- worthy name is on it, scratclz it of, and do all in your power to elevate and pu- rify the public service. Send all the political camp followers and bummers to the rear. THE outlook for a corn crop in this part of Michigan is good. We have not had as frequent rains as desired but have fared so much better than the gen- eral average that we are well satisfied with the crop prospects for the year.- The wheat yield covers a very wide range from a heavy crop to little more than the seed. In quality the crop is first-rate. ’ .....___..__._._ ABOUT three days after the last Vis- i'roR had.been sent to subscribers we received a notice of the 12th annual wheat meeting of the Volinia Farmers’ Club to be held Aug. 14. We very much regretted that the Secretary was so tardy, as his notice advertised Prof. Cook of the Agricutural College, for an address on “Insect Enemies of the. Wheat Crop.” We hope some one will give us a synopsis of the address for the benefit of our readers. IT is well to have lived in the last half of the nineteenth century; some- thing new comes to the front with each returning day, and this time it is a scheme to secure the return of mis-sent or non—delivered letters. The scheme is simple, and must be effective. Cheap postage has increased correspondence, but has not increased carefulness on the part of the sender, as the Dead Letter Office bears witness. For var- ious reasons 4,5oo,ooo were sent to that office last year, of which but one- third were returned to the writers. The National Letter Return Associa- tion, of Chicago, has adopted a scheme that insures the return to the writer of mis-sent,mis-directed and non-delivered letters. For one dollar the association furnishes a small book containing iooo numbered gummed stamps. One of these stamps placed on a letter insures its return to the writer, if from any cause its fails to reach the destination intended by the writer. For responsibility and honorable management the association is fully en- dorsed by the press, banks and business men of Chicago. A CARD'signed “By Order of Com- mittee” gives notice that St. Joseph County Grange will hold their annual picnic in Langley’s grove, three miles north of Centreville on the bank of the St. Joseph River, Thursday, August 19. Hon. Stephen F. Brown, First Master ofthe State Grange of Michigan, and Jason Woodman, of Paw Paw, are billed as speakers. If the weather is favor- able several thousand Patrons and their friends will be there. A CIRCULAR from the State Board of Education sets fbrth as follows: Tues- day, Sept. I4, examinations for admis- sions; Wednesday, Sept. 15, first term begins; Friday and Saturday, Feb.4 and 5, second term begins, and closes Wednesday, June 29. For catalogues or information address Principal State Normal School, Ypsilanti. ARE farmers so prosperous that they can afford to act independently ofeach other? Some may be, but more are not, and those who are not are the very ones least likely to seek co operation for mu- tual benefit. “Picnics.” Every now and then, we are told that this is an age of improvement, that we can do our farm work and house work easier and better than in years past,that these are better times in which to live, that we have more enjoyment and so- ciability than formerly. Be that as it may, I think picnics have been vastly improved upon. Years ago they were scarce and far between. The generous teachers and kind-hearted superintend- ents of Sabbath-schools enlisted the sympathies and aid of parents and gave to the children a picnic occasionally. They were made happy for the day at least by the sight and taste of frosted cake and lemonade and sometimes can- dies. The goodies were put upon one general long table. But these festivities were quite likely to end up with a “tiff” on the part of some of the merry-mak- ers, because of the jealousy, the shirk- ing of others to do their share, or the poor cooking of some of the food, and more than one would turn away disgust- ed and say it was the last time they would go in for the general table sys- tem; hence the improvement brought ab0ut——the basket picnic—each to pro- vide for their own household and invite their particular friends to join them, if they chose; and surely it is an improve- ment on the old way. A picnic for far- mers and their families was not heard of in those days. They thought they had no time for recreation and were slow to believe that their food taken out in some beautiful grove or near a lake tasted ever so much better. But for solid enjoyment, select company, and extra good eatables,they are to be found at a Grange or farmers’ picnic. No drinking of anything stronger than tea or coffee, no swearing, or shocking im- propri eties, no smoking in the presence of ladies. If the poor fellow who never smokes but once a day, and that is all the time, can not wait till he gets home for a smoke, he has good sense enough to take himself off to some other part of the grove to indulge his pernicious habit. Some people take comfort going to a picnic, get rested, lay aside all care and worry, and make the most of the recreation. I am sorry to say a few peo- ple make hard work ofit and had better stay at home. The enthusiasm "which prompted the writing of this article was gathered by attending a picnic on Sliascha Plains, in Fisler’s grove. It was instituted by the farmers of that vi- cinity, in connection with Clarkston Grange, August 10, and addressed by Worthy Master Luce mainly. Other short speeches followed. It was a large gathering- People came in all sorts of double and single carriages, and the old—fashioned lumber wagon was brought into requisition, well loaded with peo- ple, from the old, gray-haired person to the “bran—new baby,” and added to that the well filled baskets. In some in- stances the wash basket held the cat- ables, and one would think we farmers “eat to live and live to eat.” I have said years ago that if one went into a crowd of strangers they all looked so homely and had such queer ways. I take that opinion back so mewhat after meet- ing these people from the rural districts in that locality. How gratifying to no- tice the pleasant looks of intelligence and genial smile and warm pressure of the hand. It has been said in times past that one could tell country persons by the text- ure of their clothing, and the cut and make of their apparel. Not so now-— farmers’ wives and daughters dress as richly and daintily as those of the city. The well-fitting glove and shoe, the ex- quisitely trimmed hat and gold watch ai e worn as easily as by their neighbors of the town; and surely their deportment and sociability and ease of manner indi- cate that the Grange has had a refining influence, and it has extended beyond the Patrons to those without the gates. Brother Luce gave us one of his spicy yet earnest talks, replete with truth, words of caution, cheer and encourage- ment; called our attention to the shoals and sandbars on which so many in the rural districts shipwreck financially. He encouraged us to love our calling and work, whatever it might be; and to me there were some words ofencourage- ment which were “fitly spoken:”—When a person is strongly tempted to lay down a work he may have enjoyed doing, or become weary in doing, the question arises, ‘‘Is it well to stop working?” While Brother Luce was talking to us the thought occurred to me: Why all this extra effort on his part? Surely the leaving of home and family for days to- gether, to ride night and day to reach different points to address a crowd of entire strangers-—surely it is not for money. It must be his strong interest in his brother farmer, in humanity, and society, and that he sees and feels the importance of this organization as our stronghold and defense. If we attempt to fight our battles single-handed and alone we are weak and powerless, but if we concentrate our efforts with others, stand shoulder to shoulder to put down wrong, oppression and fraud, then are we strong. I have always admired the pioneers 'who have cleared the way for us in our beautiful State, and even so I admire and venerate the pioneers in Grange work who show their faith by their works, and who would hold us firmly to this good course, if they could, because it means so much for our future welfare. And thus another “red letter” day was added to my calendar of enjoy- ments, and long shall I remember the bright, intelligent people whom I met on these grounds, most of them strang- ers, yet not strangers entirely as we are ofthe same occupation and have some things in common to think of and work for. l\IYR.-\. Whitewashing Fruit Trees I sent you recently a brief note on whitewashing fruit trees. I generally practice in such things what I preach, and having practiced whitewashing trees more or less for the last 40 years, I am prepared to recommend it most un- qualifiedly. lhavewhitewaslied myorch- ard of I00 trees-—all young, and only in bearing a few years—-and it is perfect- ly wonderful what improvement they made in appearance of their foliage and growth. There is now a perfect mass of deep green foliage where before many of them had a yellow, sickly aspect. Not the smallest twig or plant is injured. Everybody is admiring the clean, white appearance of them. Ad- joining my place is an orchard of some 10 or 12 years’ standing, which has been whitewashed heretofore. I noticed the smooth, clear green bark ontheir trunks and the entire absence of any sun scald, while some of mine were badly injured in this way. This set me thinking, and I readily divined the reason; the white surface reflecting, instead of absorbing, the rays ofthe sun. As soon as I finish- ed whitewashing my trees, the owner of this orchard, only having been in pos- session ofit for a short time, decided to have his whitewashed, too, and got me to do it. Several of his trees were bad- ly infested with the woolly aphis, and wherever they were I gave them a liber- al dose of the whitewash, which cleaned them out completely. This was some- thing I was not aware of when I wrote the other letter. Finding a few aphis on my trees, I whitewashed them and they are non est. Now I know that a reasonable amount of whitewash will not hurt trees, but greatly benefit them. I also know from actual experience that caustic lime applied to land will kill sor- rel and prevent its further growth, the assertion of one who says he has seen sorrel growing vigorously all about a limekiln to the contrarynotwithstanding. I deem the whitewashing of trees, for the reasons I have stated, of much im- portance.—-—_/.S. Tz'Mz'l.r in San Rica, 01]., Press. CANADA has heretofore been the Al- satia of Amer.ica’s financial scamps, but Minister Phelps and Lord Roseberry have arranged to let the light of inter- national law shine into that paradise of rascals, and if their negotiations are du- ly ratified, Canada will soon be an un- safe retreat for persons who have stolen, embezzled, defaulted, or sinned finan- cially to the amount of fifty dollars or upward. I ' THESE roses under‘my window make no reference to former roses or to bet- ter ones; they are for what they are; they exist to-day.——Emer.so¢z. /. ‘Y; H , --A .....:. \ ..- _' V...-.,.. AUGUST 15, 1886. TIEIIE GRANGE VISITOR. . 5 is this for my Case. Young men and women envying their comrades at a two hundred and fifty dollar a year college may look at this proposition with favor. Thirty dol- lars and a lifetime to do it in is quite another way of getting a share of the “1arnin’ ” they covet. The next perplexing difficulty is the time in which to read the books when they are paid for. Nobody really doubts but what it you honestly mean to read those books you will do it. For where there’s a determination, circum- stances recede like the cowardly tyrants they are. This besetting guest of time, how it shadows our choicest de- sires and baflies our strength! But Johns Macgreagor laid every stone straight in the way-to-do-it of home reading in the last VISITOR, and words of mine cannot better it. After eight years of constant associa- tion with the work of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle, it is a pleasant task set me, by those in com- mand, of outlining its plans and what it purposes to do. Briefly, itisacourse of reading laid out by a board of direc- tors, which anyone may do at home, and, by paying an annual fee of fifty cents and filling out memoranda papers, receive a diploma at the end of four years’ work. To say that the advantages are by no means all realized, and tha_t the obsta- cles to taking this course are largely want of inclination, would not be un- true. I far from say every man, woman and child should be a member of the C. L. S. C., or could be if they wished, but I am confident it is still an unsought boon to hundreds ofboys and girls and men and women who might if they would. To such as care for a farther outlook upon the world of science and letters than can be had through the dis- trict school or even high school; to pa- rents grown rusty in schoolday lore and yet anxious to keep pace with “the chil- dren;” to those young people whose ways are now blocked but who hope to overcome and one day go to college, to you who are willing, this home college stands open. If you have “half an eye to business” you will at once see that the best gain in private study is the dis- cipline the mind has to get and to hold facts for no more lustrous fame than to use them every day and hour in what- ever kind of work thy hand findeth to do. Another thing, there is a self con- fidence born of advancement, knowing more to-day than yesterday, and in keeping within hailing distance of the wise world ahead of you. The C. L. S. C. makes no pretensions of exhausting a college course of study. Neither does it claim to exhaust any study. It is as plain and simple a set of readings as can be selected to give a general “leading on” into the largest fields of study, but is at the same time affording a general view of history, sci- ence, art, literature and religion. It aims to provoke independent thinking. It is no mountain; it is a guide over high places; it broadens one’s horizon; it brings sages, poets, philosophers, pro- fessors to live in the sitting-room, work- shop, counting-room, oflice and kitchen; _ to go with you into the railway car, into the field, the busy marts, and your quiet haunts. Somehow in this home-study- ing the study gets inexplicably mixed with the living and the living laces into the study so naturally one can no more separate them than he can wish to do so. Think not that any woman with a far- me’sr wife’s work to do, for example, in order to prosecute a four years’ or one year’s or part of a year’s reading can do it without a change of habits. One can’t eat cake and keep it, too. Some sacrifices must be made, some self-deni- al practiced. It is the end that crowns the work. If you want trout watch your line. The stray moments, the unexpect- ed “lifts” of time and money will come in from somewhere. “Does it pay?” I may vouchsafe one hundred thousand “years” from the circled worlds. To those who thus re- ply I am not writing, but to those who have not tried to fill niches of time and purse with headworks. The ranks of the C. L. S. C. are strewn with victories over self and circumstances and ring with landings of their alma mater. Said one lady, after reading two years, “I’ve lived a great deal in two years,” said another, “I could not do all I have to do outside my housework without it;” and another, “Worry would have driven me frantic but for my books;” said a young man, “I cannot begin to tell what it has done for me; how can I name its worth to others?” This is no new story as many readers know. The globe is spattered with local circles. Japan alone has thirteen hundred readers. Other foreign countries fall into line. Michigan has a strong showing and is gaining rapidly. It is to aid its gaining that this is written,—to put it into the mind of some to adopt this or a similar system of mental culture at home. One can do it alone, more can make it light- er and pleasanter work. * “Do you think the selections made for the C. L. S. C. usually good?” I can only answer, that from any library ‘where you would choose one book I - -might prefer another and they be equal- ly good. On the whole, the books in the C. L. S. C. are suited to as wide a range of choice as is possible. The style of the writers generally recom- mend them quickly to the read r.- About one-half the reading required of a member comes in a monthly maga- zine. Tlze C/iautauquan is replete with good matter besides theprescribed arti- cles. It is the organ of the C. L. S. C., costs one dollar and a half a year, and can be read with profit by those not able to take the entire course. Dr. T. L. Flood, of Meadville, Pa., is editor, of whom sample copies may be had. (About seven dollars a year covers all expenses). To the full fledged Chautauquan this paper seems unnecessary, but the fre- quency of inquiries about the C. L. S.C. proves there are still places where the Chautauqua movement has not been agitated. All inquiries addressed to Miss Kate F. Kimball, Plainfield, New Jersey will receive full answers. May the C. L. S. C. spread widely in our State! GRACE. ———:—-—-:—- Temperance in Schools. One of the strongest arguments in favor of the adoption by all states of the bill providing for temperance in- struction in the public schools, is the se- vere opposition to it shown by the friends of the liquor traffic. As an ex- ample of this opposition, we find the Was/zinglon Sentinel (a liquor organ) thus commenting upon the action of the United States Senate in passing the bill. The Sentinel calls it an “iniquitous movement," an “infamous outrage,” a “usurpation,” “one of the grandest, most shameless swindles;” says that it “inculcates a spirit of lawlessness,” “violates the sanctity of the domicile,” “sowing on the very hearth the seeds of morbid sentimentality," aud that the House of Representatives ought to stamp out this “villainous bill and consign it to the hell from which it sprung.” We are glad to see these testimonials of the good qualities of that bill, for it may be safely set down that whatever liquor men oppose, they oppose because it will less- en their abominable traflic, hence we call their denunciations equal to testi- monials of merit.—- C/iitago Advance. It is Well to Remember. That life without laughing is a dreary blank. That ambition is a vacuum that will never be filled. That one mistake is a warning which need not be repeated. That there is joy in the evening when the day has been well spent. That cheek boldly enters where mod- esty dare not pull the door bell. That now is the constant watchword ticking from the clock of time. That all the keenest pleasures of life come in the wake of duties doue.. That the wear and tear of life comes chiefly by straining after the impossible. That the great secret of success in life is to be ready when opportunity comes. That “I can’t do it” never did any- thing, and that “I will try” has worked wonders. T—-—1O~}-—:————- REPUBLICAN conventions in some of the states have chosen delegates to a Republican anti-saloon convention, to be held in Chicago. The date of the proposed convention has not been fixed, but it will be held, probably, early in the coming autumn. The proposed convention is to be called for the pur- pose of urging general action by the Republican party in the several states in favor of active measures of temper- ance reform. It is not a movement in favor of prohibition, and the fact is recognized that a large element of the Republican party is not in favor of pro- hibitory legislation. But it is declared that the Republicans must adopt a poli- cy in the treatment of the liquor traflic that will satisfy the powerful temperance sentiment of the country, or it will lose a still greater number of dissidents on this question.——C/zioago journal (Raga). —————:—>———~——- N UMERICALLY the farmer takes the lead in. the industries ot the United States. When they shall come to realize the importance of union and c‘o-operation they will also lead in making the laws and dictating the policy of the nation. The 17,5oo,ooo bread winners in the country are divided into four general classes as follows: Agriculture, 7,670,- 493 ; professional and personal services, 4,o74,2 38 ; trade and transportation, 1,- 810,256; manufacturing, mechanical and mining, 3,837;112. Going below the class line, we find in agriculture this division: Laborers, 3,323,876; farmers and planters, 4,225,945; gardeners, nurse- rymen and vine growers, 51,482; stock raisers, drovers and herders, 44,075; turpentine farmers and laborers, 7,450; all others in agriculture, 17,665. Is there be one subject more bootless than another to argue it must be the one the Brooklyn ./llagazine has lately had on hand——-“When shall our young women marry?”—though none could be more interesting. Every happy woman naturally believes that her case settles the point for all Eve’s daughters, while every unhappy wofnan hangs out a red flag at the age which she chose. Julia Dow’s answer to the Brooklyn comes near the mark. “One flower blossoms in May, another in August. Strawber- ries, ripen in June, and pears in Sep- tember. There can be no positive statement as to such a matter."-—T/re Clzautauquan. j- THE right performance of this hour’s duties will be the best preparation for the hours or ages that follow it.—-Em- erson. THE spring wheat returns of the De- partment of Agriculture for August 1 show an improvement in condition in Iowa, a small decline in Wisconsin and Nebraska and a heavy reduction in Da- kota. The causes of deterioration are droughth and chjnch bugs. Heat has been excessive in many districts that have produced a fair yield,notwithstand- ing The harvest is two weeks earlier than usual and the quality is unusually good, except in sections where a heavy loss from blight has occurred. The general average of condition is reduced from 83.2 to 80. At the time of harvest last year the average was 86. A part of the loss last year occurred after August 1. As the present harvest is already nearly over, with improving meteoro- logical conditions,the final estimate can not be much further reduced. There has been a heavy decline in the condition of corn since July. The aver- age, which was then 95, is reduced to 81. The heaviest decline is in Illinois, Wisconsin, and states west of the Mis- sissippi. In the Eastern and Middle States the condition is well maintained. It indicates a crop not much exceeding 22 bushels per acre, though future con- ditions may increase or decrease the ul- timate yield. There has been no ma- terial decline in oats, the average being 87. Barley has maintained its condi- tion, and nearly an average crop is as- snred. The condition of buckwheat averages 94; of tobacco, 82 ; of pota- toes, 88. The European harvest will be IO per cent. less than last year. France falls below 1oo,ooo,ooo hectoliters; Italy, 51; England, io per cent. reduction in rate of yield on reduced area. - A Bogus Patron Exposed. For the good of the Order we hereby advise the Patrons everywhere that agreeably to the vote of Merrimac County Pomona Grange of New Hamp- shire, public notice is given of the ex- pulsion from said Grange of Rev. Will- iam Hammond, late Baptist Clergyman, for rascally and disgraceful conduct, obliging him, in order to escape the penalty of the laws, to visit the Cana- das. We do, therefore, enjoin Granges ev- erywhere to be well on their guard that no imposition be permitted by him. Said Hammond is tall in stature, of sandy complexion and partially bald, very affable in manner and fluent in speech. WALTER SARGENT, Secretary Merrimac County Pomona Grange of N. H. Attest: W. G. STINSEN, Master New Hampshire State Grange. - REMOVING OBJECTS FROM THE‘, EYE.—- We find the following in an exchange, and offer it for those who desire to try the experiment. Here is one way of removing objects from the eye: Take a horse—hair and double it, leaving a loop. If the object can be seen, lay the loop over it, close the eye, and the mote will come out as the hair is withdrawn. If the irritating object cannot be seen, raise the lid as high as possible and place the loop as far as you can, close the eye and roll the ball around a few times, draw out the hair, and the sub- stance which caused the pain will be sure to come with it. The method is practiced by axe-makers and other workers in steel. ——j———¢on———————— - That one breach of faith will always be remembered, no matter how loyal your subsequent life may be. That a face that cannot smile is like a bud that blossoms and dies upon the stalk. That a watch set right may be a true guide to many others, and one that goes wrong be the means of misleading a whole neighborhood. That a well cooked breakfast will do more towards preserving peace in the family than scores of mottoes set in the most elaborate of mouldings. ————————-j——— MR. EDiToR:—I am a painter by trade and have been in the business for many years. I have used all the different brands of white lead and the various ready-mixed paints. Your paint not only dries with a much handsomer finish but it is far more durable, more easily spread, and taking quality into consid- eration it is cheaper than any paint I have ever used. R. BARTLETT, Painter. [See advertisement Patrons’ Paint works.——ED.] THE great obstacle to good legisla- tion is not inside of Congress but out- side. Intelligent legislation implies not merely an intelligent people, but a uni- formly intelligent people. Legislation never falls below the average intelli- gence of the people, and can never rise above it. Congress is above all things a representative body. Congress is not the cause of action. It is the resultant. -Ifon. T. B. Reed, of Zllzzine. ROOFING.—-There is no better roofing than that made of iron, and we know of no more reliable makers than The Cin- cinnati Corrugating Co. They will cheerfully give you any information, and prices, and you may depend on their prompt and thorough execution of any orders. tr ————————-———————— A Japanese traveler who lectured in Boston, some time ago, declared that common honesty was universal in his country until American civilization touched the celestial empire. i PHILADELPHIA MARKETS. {Corrected by Thornttn Barnes. Wholenle Grocer and Grangp Belling Agent, No. 231 North Water St., Phllndeip is, P:.l Pn1i.Ani:i.i-nu, August 15. 188. 0 L0“ in PURE SUGARS. % ut r .......................... . .3 Piilverisege per lb ........................ . .7 Standard Granulated per ‘lb ............. . .6_ StsndardAWtiite per lb... ..';s Best White Soft A per M 5}’ wood White son A r lb 55,, Extra 0 White per . . . 514 Standard B per lb .......... . . ..5~'/, Extrac Yellow Bright per lb ............ ..5 0 Yellow per lb .......................... . . 47,, Brown 1- lb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SYRUP AND MOLASSES—In Barrels. Sugar drips pure sugar per gallon ....... . .22 Amber drips pure sugar per gallon. . . . .'. Fancy white maple drips per gallon . . Extra. olden lire sugar per gallon . .. . .32 Fancy ew Or eans new crop per gallon. .50 Good New Orleans new crop per gallon. . .46 White honey drip, vanilla avor . . . . . . . . . .33 Ixroarsur —The above quotations are for s p in whole barrels only. All syrup in half barrels 4 cents per gallon extra and no charge for peck e. In 5 and 10 gallon packages 5 cents per gallon ad ition- al and the cost or package. COFFEES—GREEN AND ROASTED. Fancy Rio per lb .......................... . .12 Green Rio extra choice per lb ............ . .11 09 111,; Green Rio prime per 1!) ................... . .105. @11 Green Rio good per lb .................... ..10 @1054 Green Rlo common per lb .... . . Green Maracaibo choice per lb. Green Laguayra choice per ‘a. . Green Java choice per lb ..... . . Roasted Rio best per ib ...... . . .13 5; Roasted Rio No.1 per lb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..13 Roasted Rio No. 2 r 11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111/_. Roasted Lagueyra est per lb ............. . .14 Roasted Java best per lb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 @121 Barnes’ Golden Rio roasted in 1 lb p’k .... . .15 TE AS. Imperial per lb ................. . .25, 35. 40, 4.5, 50 Young I-Iyson per lb ..... . . . .25, 35, 40, 50, 55 Oolong per t~ . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .25, 30, 35, 4o_ 50 Japan perib .................... ..25, 35. 40, 45, 50 Gunpowder per in .............. . .30, 40, 45, 50, 55 FOREIGN DRIED FRUITS. Raisins. New Muscatells. per box ........ . .82 50 “ Old Muscatells, “ . . . . . . . . . . " London layers, -‘ ........ . . 2 85 I: {,¢;;11doi:la.yer;-J/4 boxes... .. 1990 ‘ ' enc a per .......... . . ,. “ seedless. mats, 50 lb per ma . 3 73@ 9% " Ondsra, box, 28 lb ......... .. “ " “ 14 lb ......... .. .. 121,; Prunes, French boxes, per lb ............ . . 354 @143 “ New Turkeg. per ll» .............. .. 33/@ 454 Currants. new, per . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 692@ 7 WHOLE SPICES. Black Pepper per lb. . . 13 White “ " .. . 23 Ginger “ 12 Cinnamon “ . . . 10 Cloves “ ........ . . . 21 Allspice “ ..................... . . 9 Mace " ..................... . . 50 Nutmegs “ ..................... . . 65 PURE GROUND SPICES. Pure Pe . black, per 11) .............. . . 20 “ Afiifeean Cayenne, per ib .......... . . 23 " Cinnamon gar lb . . 17 " Cloves per . . 24 “ Ginger per lb. 16 " Alisp:oeperib..... .. S 1 S d 112 n,G§{0CERS'mSUNDRIES. a o 9.. , r ............. . . 1 Flour sulphur. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5% . Bi-cerb sods. loose, 112 lb kegs .......... . . 4 “ “ “ 25 lb boxes . . . . . . . . . . 5 " “ " 10 lb boxes. .. 6 ‘: " in gpback es.... 6:; ‘ “ In 4 ac ages 7 Corn starch Gilbe1't's.pper lb. . . . 6/2 “ Duryes’s. per lb ............ . . 7 Starch, lump, Duryes.’s, 40 lb boxes, perlb 4 “ Gilbert's " “ “ 4 Corn starch. new process ............... . . 51,; Starch, newprocess, lump. . . . . “ “ 6 lb boxes 6 II II x lb Grain bags, 2 bushels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Georizia bags, 2 bushels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Chocolate, Baker's Prem. No. 1 per lb. . . . 37% Barnes’ Perfect Baking Powder in % lb tins, r doz . . . . . . 1 ng Powder in 1/Q lb tins, r doz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Barnespgerfect Baking Powder in 1 lb tins er doz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 25 R_ce. new crop, Fancy Head. per tb .... . . 63/, Exuce. 3‘ good, per lb .... .. .. 51/ ‘ prime, per lb . 6 , Corn_ Brooms No. 3. per doz. . . . 25 ' o. 4, -* 35 “ No.5, «- .2 65 “ N0- 6. “ ............. . .2 90 Best arior brooms. " ............. 15 Lye. 8-bbitt’s, per case of 4 doz. . .4 00 Lye. Penna. “ " .. ..3 25 Lye, Phila., “ u ,_2 30 Potash “ H ,2 go @3 35 New Book of Fancy Work with we il- lustrations, 15o new stitches, 10 Special Offers, 200 pi-—-——j THE greatest length of Lake Michi- gan is 300 miles; its greatest breadth, r08 miles; mean depth, 690 feet; eleva- is not worth half tion, 506 feet; area,23,00o square miles. gealtlg stub gmnszmcitt. Mrs. Ma.yo’s talk on corsets, -in the VISITOR of July 1, cannot fail to meet the approval of all who have given the subject the candid thought it deserves. And yet much can be said pro and con upon this subject, since we find the ma- jority by far of mothers and daughters wear this article; and we are not pre- pared to say all these, or a majority of them, are indifferent as regards health. Before corsets were worn, dress waists were made stiff with whalebone, and tight as it could be drawn together with book and eyes; and yet there were mothers with large families of rugged boys and girls. However, we believe tight waist and weight on the hips has, and will, cause an amount of suffering which, if the extent was known, would be appalling. The care of plants shows that to bind or compress any part injures the plant to some extent. The objection cannot be so much to the corset as to the man- ner of wearing. A long breath taken with ease should be the guide. We like to see clothes fit well, but a wasp waist is not necessary to grace or beauty. For girls up to 16 years the corded waists are best, being easy, and dresses fit over them nicely. Very much can be said on the dress question; for one set of rules will not apply to all the children, even of one family; one must have a chest protector, while another can brave any weather and grow strong and tough. As a general thing, I believe well-to-do people co ldle their chi d ‘en to ) much. I have noticed that those children who have to rough it more or less, have the greatest vigor both physical and intel- lectual. But I acknowledge the subject of dress is too hard for me. I have given it much earnest thought, and have learned this, that while some children cannot appear at ease if they are not becomingly attired, others feel just as much at home in one garment as an- other, and so We have to be guided by the disposition of the child, and act ac- cording to our best judgment. If our girls were wax in our hands, we could solve this corset problem without con- troversy. Will not Myra and Aunt Hat- tie give their opinion on this knotty subject? Physiology and hygiene is destined to be thoroughly taught in the schools. We may do much by encouraging this branch of education by giving it our personal attention, visiting schools, and learning the different methods of teach- ers in presenting the subject. Custom, association and education have the making of the individual. We some- times marvel that any one can claim any individual originality, so much has our surroundings to do with form- ing our habits even of thought and con- versation. S. P. S. —-——-——-—-uo>-————- Other People’s Fun.. The sources of recreation are wide open at this season. Here, where a seven: months winter throws more than half the year on its own cold sports ftne summer is valued at a higher rate than even a short way warmer. This is near- ing the isotherm of toboganing and measures less snowdrifts, as is told. It has also been the home of at least one cool, bracing summer, the writer can testify. But, does there come a sultry gust in “my lady’s chamber” or through the doors of ye city fathers, “To the river!” is the cry, and off they go, chased by the dying breath of a. Dakota hot wave. Once at the river, yachting, steaming, sailing, rowing, fishing and flirting is the program, with, mayhap, one or two omissions of these sports by the more cautious. During these weeks the Y. M. C. A., that helpmate of city young men, has instituted a Rambling Club. There are busy people the world over who can have a day but not a week for an out- ing and it is for such, among boys and young men, that the ramblers plan was laid. On some convenient day or half day a party select an objective point of special interest or profit and set off to attain it. The scheme is capable of much wise development in discret hands Not many days ago something over a hundred ‘ fresh air children” were left in and about this city with people inclined and so situated as to give a two weeks’ “homeing” to these waifs from the stifled streets of New York City. Eight car loads of infant mortality I counted one morning on the railroad track; and again, two weeks later, they were col- lected from this and other points and sent back-—to what? “Hard cases,” as some of them were, who can efface from their minds the memory of this fresh air treat? Is there amusement in this? Verily, there was to those outcasts from decent homes and childhood freedom. -When asked if he slept well the night they came up from the city, one little shaver retorted, “Indeed not; I was looking at the farms by moonlight!” An entertainment was given here by a ladies’ society a short time ago, that in drawing attendance and finances suc- ceeded well. It was thoroughly ad- vertised under the name of “Kaffee Klatch.” Probably my readers can ex- plain better than I what’s in the name. The “English ofit,” to a simple mind, was “catch.” The program‘ was full of catches, laughable and m’:/éleful. The hurnaniphone was “for the first time ex- hibited to the public.” An expert ob- server said the instrument consisted of young ladies under cover of the eight paper bags that stood inverted on the keyboard, -and that they it was that sounded their respective notes when touched by the musician’s wand. This explanation exposed an attempted im- position on the credulity of the credu- lous, to be sure, but there are many such,and any who cboo se are licensed to practice the imposition. Several famil- iar tunes were discoursed by this new competitor in the musical world. The other catches were caught in a gypsy’s tent, where sat no gypsy; a. side-split- ting pantomine play on the word “Wax works,” Rebecca at the (lemonade)well, and a fish pond from which were fished such fish as were never fished elsewhere—all for a nickle a fish. Be- sides these, side tables were set with delicate refreshments for the so in- clined. On the first Monday evening of each month ‘the city firemen drill. Had you stood last night on the street below you would have seen in front of you with its barrier walls clean cut against the cold west sky, 3. business block said to be the longest solid block in the United States. The other buildings marshal themselves at right angles and enclose the city’s pride, the “Square.” Just now the square is filling with the city's life, her people. The band plays, the red-shirted firemen glimmer among the shade trees and in and out among the waving mass of folk. They cut the air with columns ofwater that collapses into myriads of mist atoms. There is a picturesqueness about the scene that is hightened by the thinnest cresent of a “wet moon” hung in the arch of blue above. The sign comes true, for this morning it rains and is cold. It was amusement, the craving for entertain- ment, that drew those crowds together so hurridly; amusement, pungent with excitement, in this guise, or that, we conclude, runs rampant in modern every day story. 5 JENNIE BUELL. Watertown, N. Y. ——————-——o:——————-— A Thought for ln—Doors. A pitcher of cold water in a warm room absorbs very little from the air, but as the temperature rises it gives off sensible quantities of oxygen, nitrogen and carbonic acid. It thus loses its sprightly taste and becomes fiat and in- sipid. This change is from loss of gases rather than by their absorption. The small bubbles that soon gather on the inside of vessels containing cold water in a warm 10 HI] are caused by this es- cape of dissolved gases. The refreshing taste of cold water just from the spring or well is mainly due to these diss llVCd gases, the carbonic acid in particular. Because carbonic acid is poisonous when breathed it does not follow that it is deadly when swallowed, else a drink of “soda water” would be fatal. On the other hand, if we breathed even the purest water we would drown ourselves for our pains. The importance of the dissolved gases in securing the potable quality of wa- ter is not generally recognized. Per- fectly pure water, consisting only of oxygen and hydrogen, and having no foreign substance dissolved in it,is insip- id ifnot nauseous to the taste. If any one will drink distilled water just as it comes from the condenser he will get proofofthis insipidity. Delmonico used to'extol boiled water as an agreeable beverage, “but it must just be brought to a boil and drank at once; prolonged boiling spoils any water.” The reason of this is that prolonged boiling more completely expels the diss )lVCd gases. Persons of refined taste are aware that water boiled for a. long time will not make tea of a good flavor. This is from the same cause. If water has such an alarming tenden- cy to adsorb noxious materials from the air of a room and speedly becomes “utterly filthy,” how can we have pure water under any circumstances? The purest lake or stream is still exposed to the air all the time, and by prolonged exposure to the air must finally become unfit for use. Rain water in particular should be horribly offensive because in falling from the clouds it washes a vast volume of air which contains a certain proportion of the same gases which ren- der the air of our rooms foul. Nature understands this business better than the sensationalist, and by this very pow- er of absorbing gases purifies the water from any hurtful material accidentally acquired, and thus renders water the fitting emblem of “the river of life.”——- Prqfi Kedzie in N. Y. Triézme. THE heads on the National Bank notes of different denominations are not very generally known, says the To- ledo Blade, and very few people can tell what portraits are on the different notes. They are as follows: On United States——$1, Washington; $2, Jefferson; $5, Jackson, $1-0, Web- ster; $20,Hamilton; $50,Frank1in; $100, Lincoln; $500, Mansfield; $1,000, D. Clinton; $10,000, Jae son. Silver cer- tificates—$ 10, Robert Morris; $ Io,Com. Decatur; $50, E. Everett; $100, Jas. Monroe; 3500, C. Sumner; $1,090, W. L. Marcy. Gold riotes—'$2o, Garfield; $50, Silas Wright; $100, T. H. Benton; $500, Lincoln; $1,000, A. Hamilton; $5,000, Jas. Madison; $10,000, A. Jack- son. DoN"r do unnecessary work because your grandmother did. There was not half so much to be done in her day. t ..»-us»:-ummuvw.-3;-ass;-:'.es&.‘s‘.IR’.i7.*sta«rm\t-as; - "~51 ...r-1,-, AUGUST 15, 1886. A Fibre of Wool. A very small thing to be sure, is a fi- bre of wool—a small subject to write a paragraph on. But it is an animal or- ganism, a real entity, and plays a very important part in human affairs. If it did not exist, wherewithal would a large portion of the human race be clothed? It is an appendage to the skin of the sheep, and with its fellows affords a natural protection of the ani- mal against cold. When it has served the first purpose ofits existence, it is secured for still further uses, and these uses are manifold. Peasant and poten- tate alike crave its friendly services. It has no partiality for sex, appearing in the garb of both man and woman, but it mostly adorns those of the masculine gender. Some of the most beautiful and costly fabrics of the looms owe their existence to the fibre of wool. It is made to appear in all colors, and in almost all kinds of costumes. Al- though most useful and coveted in a cold climate, it is produced in greatest perfection in a temperate or- moderate- warm one. It has been cultivated by man since the earliest ages, and how much prior to that we can only guess after interrogating tradition. It will probably continue to be cultivated as long as man inhabits the earth and needs clothing to keep him warm. We could do without butter and cheese, or pork and lard, with less inconvenience than we could dispense with the fibre of wool. It is a necessity which must long, ifnot forever, continue to make wool production a leading industry. Then there are many varieties of fibre. There is the long fibre and the short fibre, the round fibre, and the fiat fibre, the coarse fibre and the fine fibre, the crinkly fibre and the straight f.b e, the strong fibre and the weak fibre, the perfect fibre and the imperfect fiibre, the glossy fibre and the dull fibre; and every one of them tells its story to the experienced eye with more certainty than any general observation or investigation could do. It speaks of health and thrift, of sick- ness and retarded development, of prop- er and improper. feeding, of breed and breeding, of soil and climate, and, in short, of all conditions and surroundings that combined in its development. A wonderful, almost magical, thing is a fibre of wool. See to it that it may speak well for the intelligence and hu- manity of its producer.-~ZVatz'omz/ Live Slo(.{’./aurrza/. - Religion in Summer. It takes more grace to be an earnest and useful Christian in summer than in any other season. The very destitute, through lack of fuel and thick clothing, may find the winter the trying season, but those comfortably circumstanced find summer the Thermopylae that tests their Christian courage and endurance. The spring is suggestive of God and heaven and a resurrection day. That eye must be blind that does not see God’s footsteps in the new grass, and hear His voice in the call of the swal- low at the eaves. In the white blos- soms of the orchards we find suggestion of those whose robes have been made white in the blood of the Lamb. A May morning is a door opening into heaven. So autumn mothers at great many moral and religious suggestions. The season of corn husking, the gor- geous woods that are becoming the cat- afalque of the dead year, remind the dullest of his own fading and departure. But summer fatigues. and weakens, and no man keeps his soul in as desirable a. frame, unless by positive resolution and especial implorations. Pulpit and pew often get stupid together and ardent de- votion is adjourned until September. But who can afford to lose two months out of each year, when the years are so short and so few? He who stops relig- ious growth in July and August will re- quire the next six months to get over it. Nay, he never recovers. At the season when the fields are most full of leafage and life, let us not be lethargic and stu- pid. Let us remember that iniquity does not cease in summer-time. She never takes a vacation. The devil never leaves town. The child of want, living up that dark alley, has not so much fresh air nor sees as many flowers as in winter time. In cold weather the frost blossoms on her window pane, and the snow falls in wreaths in the alley. God pity the wretchedness that pants and sweats and festers and 'dies on the hot hot pavements and in the suffocating cellars of the townl——T. De I/Vltt Tal- mage in Broo/1-/yn 11/zzgazilze. %———<————-—— IF excess of exports over imports is a sign of national prosperity, Ireland should be rolling in wealth. Ireland has been exporting her beef, milk and text- iles, and transporting her men, women and children for generations, and yet- and yet, and yet.-Breazfwimzer. ~ AT a recent meeting of brewers in New York a protest was entered against the use of temperance text-books in the schools. The liquor men are equally opposed to prevention and prohibition. THE six thousand dollars’ worth of whisky seized by the Muscatine County Temperance Alliance, has "been con- demned by Justice Shipman, of .West Liberty, and ordered destroyed. THE LAW and Order League of Phila- delphia, Pa., have ‘reported a statement sh0wing«‘5,995 saloons in that city, one saloon for every 29 voters. AUGUST 15,1886. THE GRANGE VISITOR. '7 Working Ten Hours on the Farm. ' [Correspondence Country Gentle1nan.] I have just been reading “The Georgia F armer’s Greatest Need,” by friend Bon- ner, page 465. If his careful, thoughtful letter could only be read by all the farm- ers in his State, and his ideas carried out in practice, great good would be accom- plished. It seems to me. however, that a warmer latitude has something to do in causing work to drag down there; still Mr. B. writes me that their nights are cool. so one can always get refreshing sleep. I think if I lived in Georgia I should take the advice given. and get up early, and be at work by sunrise; then I would rest two or three hours in the mid- dle of the day. I doubt whetherl should work more than ten hours a day, or ask my men to, at regular farm work Butl am out of my latitude,talking about what would be best in the Soutl-; so let us come back to Ohio. Here I do not be- lieve that it is for the best interest of the farmer‘s pocket-book, or cf humanity, for the regular farmwcrk to be carried on for more than ten hours a day, as a rule. I have had considerable experience on my farm in working ten hours a clay, and in putting in much longer days. I think we now accomplish as much, or more. in ten hours as we ever did in four- teen. I have carefully watched many farmers who worked very long days, and I feel sure that my men wot ld go on to their [arms and accomplish as much in ten hours as their men do by working early and late. It is asking too much to expect a man to work sharply, to put in his best strokes. from sunrise until dark, during the long days of summer. Few men could endure such work; they must shirk, or work so moderately as to be able to hold out. But let it be understood that work begins at seven o'clock and stops at six, as a rule, and honest men would feel under obligations to their best. They will not feel as though the farmer was trying to squer ze the last cent out of them that be possibly could, without any regard to their well-being. For the last eight years I have not had a man who would not cultivate from six to six and a half acres of potatoes in a day of ten hours, going once in a row one way. To do this one has to walk from eighteen to twenty miles on soft ground. I know after I have walked that far I am completely tired out. and I would not do any more myself, or ask a man to. But how many farmers or hired men who work from sunrise till sunset do any more than this? Of course our long rows help us about cultivating so much; but given the same length of row, I think you will find tew farms where even as much is accomplished where they work early and late. They are not, perhaps, conscious themselves that they are mop- ing, but they are. Very likely they think we ten-hour men are lazy. and that they are doing 20 per cent. more work. but they are quite mistaken. “But how are you to get honest, efllci- ent men, who will|put in their time faith- fully for ten hours?" some one says. This very ten-hour system will bring more of that class to the farm. Smart men are shrewd enough to go where life is the most pleasant. They will prefer ten hours work in the village,every time, to twelve or fourteen on the farm for the same, or usually less wages. Under this system the boys will not be so anxious to leave the farm. A boy with any spirit in him will not be over anxious to stay on the farm and put in three or four hours a day in work that his village cousin has for pleasure and recreation. If you should call on us about seven o’c1ock some evening this summer, and see our young men all dressed up, you would hardly think we were farmers who had been at work in the dirt all day. per- haps. If you suspected from the color ( f our hands and faces that we were farm- ers. you would certainly think we were “expecting company.” Our boys visit the bath-room after work is done, and sleek themselves up, often putting on clean clothes entirely, and then go in for s good time until nine or ten o’clock. Over the tool-house we have a large room, with a matched floor, where the young people of the neighborhood often gather and skate and dance, and have a good time generally. Last night they met at a neighbor’s, where the barn floor was cle aned up, the organ taken out from the house. and everything arranged for a jolly good time. I sat by my win- dow and heard their laughter and shouts, and grew young. It seems to me that this was a great deal better for humanity than to have kept them at work until dark. when they would have had to go to bed without any recreation or pleasure. I believe it does a man good. young or old, to get washed up and inside of good clothes pretty often, and particularly the farmer. We may be farmers, and not be clodhoppers; we may be just as neat and tidy. when our day's work is over, as though we lived in town or city. If one has married men work for him. who live with their families. as a rule they certainly would be glad to hurry the work and get done early, so as to have more time at home. What is life for, any way? Is it only so we may put in as many hours at work as 05SlbIt? No, no; work sharply and wi eawaks, when you do work, that you may 1ive.not “live to work.” On a. dairy farm one cannot make the ten-hour system work as well. 0!! accoflnt of the milking. The morning milk- ing must be done outside of hours; but all work may be closed up at night sooph aifter six, usually, nits has to go e 86 I'V- My men have (Sly to feed and care for the horses and milk the cow before break- fast, which we eat at 6:30, so as _to begin work at 7. They often get alittle time to sit down and read the papers or maga- zines, a good supply of which are taken, and at night they can have three hours to read if they wish. _ Of course. on every farm there will be times when we have to work a little later than 6 o'clock. One cuts a little too much bay to get through in time, or there are only two or three rows more potatoes to cultivate to finish the piece. But I notice that my men “let out a link” to get through in time if possible. If they let out a little too much. and get through at 5:30, or even 5 o clock, they are not asked to do an more that day. and they know they wil not be; so there is encouragement to hurry up. Even granting that those farmers who work from sun till sun do accomplish more, cannot enough be done now-ii-days in ten hours? Can we not take a little more time for rest and recreation and reading. now that machinery has made it possible for us to accomplish so much more than our fathers did in the same time? Must we put in as many hours a day as they did when they had to mo'w and cradle by band, now that we can mow an acre in thirty minutes, plant an acre of potatoes in two hours, one man and team doing all the work of marking out, dropping and covering, or dig the same ground in about the same time? No, no; let us use machinery so as to make farm life is lltlll‘. more pleasant by having more recreation; but if we work when we do work, I think we may make just as many dollars all the same. Even if we cannot, the interests of humanity should certainly be put first. although I carelessly placed them second in the beginning of this letter. The time has come when the farmer and his men can be, and should be, more social and reading and thinking beings. The re- ports from the cities. for some time past. must show a thinker that on the farmers largely depend the future welfare of this great country; hence we need to make men of ourseives—well balanced and posted men—that we may overbaiance the evils of the city and take more hand in the making and execution of our laws. T. B. TERRY. Summit County, Ohio. Pope Leo’s Sacerdotal Jubilee. While active preparations are now be- ing proceeded with at present, quiet ar- rangements are being made in this coun- try for the due celebration of the golden jubilee of his holiness, Leo XIlI., which occurs Dec. 23, 1887., writes a New York correspondent of the Boston Herald. The Catholics of the old world are ac- tively engaged in making preparations, and as letters from the general committee at Rome will soon reach the authorities here, it is likely that America will short- ly see an era of industry worthy of the days preceding some grand centennial exposition. It is proposed that in this country, as well as in England, a general pastoral be issued calling on the bishops to join in presenting a united address to the holy father. The priests will be called upon to issue diocesan addresses which shall be presented by the representation of bishops appointed to carry out the wishes of the people. Catholics skilled in any particular branch of industry or art will be notified and requested to pro- duce their own work, which, if accepted will be purchased for presentation to Leo, except in cases where the producers may see fit to make their work a personal gift to the sovereign pontifi‘. There is no doubt but that America will take the lead on this occasion, and that the American representation in Rome will be in ivory way deserving of the great country which has so lately been the recipient of papal honors. It is whispered that Archbishop Will- iams will be one of the American com- mittee, if not the foremost member of the same. Cardinal Gibbons will, of course, pay his visit to Rome before the occasion of the Pope’s jubilee to receive the "red hat,” which alone can be placed on his head by the successor of St. Peter. Lest some may misunderstand this it is p" oper to note here that while the skull cap and beretta have been conferred on Balti- more’s archbishop. and while he now holds the oflice of cardinal, he must re- ceive the red hat itself from the hands of his holiness. It is very probable, then, that the archbishop of Boston will be se- lected chief of the committee, and that Cardinal Gibbons will be represented by one of his suifragans in 1887. On the receipt of the circular in this country from the Camerieri of Rome, steps will be taken for a conference of the bishops, so that the general pastoral to be issued early in 1887 may be outlined. Following that will be a season of nuns- ual activity among the faithfnl, who take every occasion to express their fidelity to the holy see. ' In this connection it may be well to state that the deputation of bishops from every country will present their addresses after his holiness has said the mass on the fifteenth day of his ordination. It is ex- pected he will make suitable replies to each deputation and not collectively. Bathmg—A Few Rules to be Observed. Persons who “take cold” easily will find the daily bath of cold water a most effectual means of prevention. Those who feel weak and depressed af- ter a bath will do well to take a cup of tea or colfce; rarely will the use of more powerfulstimnlants be needed. , The ancient theory that, after violent exercise and while perspiring freely, the body should be allowed to cool before immersion, is no longer accepted. It is the custom of the most intelligent ath- letes, after unusual eifort and while in- tensely heated, to disrobe quickly and be immediately drenched with cold water. the same being poured from over the head. On leaving the water friction should be employed with a coarse towel until the skin is heated and reddened, and, after dressing rapidly, a brisk walk for ashort distance should be taken to quicken cir- culation and insure complete reaction. When a great mental effort is to be made, deep thought and close reasoning indulged in, a cold bath will stimulate the faculties,quicken perception and edge understanding. Water with a timperature of 5) dc- grees may be considered as sufiioiently cold for bathing. It may be used at any degree below that point, but it cannot be borne ion . The colg bath is unsafe in old age, in great debility, when serious organic dis- eases exist, and in many of the acute af- tections. In kidney disorders it is es- pecially forbidden. If after the general shock to the sys- tem. a sense of unusual heat in the skin is experienced,accompanied by a percep- ible ii are 188 of strength and a pleasur- able, invvgorating feeling, then it is evi- dence that the nerves, bloodvessels and all the organs of the body are excited to a more healthy and energetic perform- ance of their functions. L. S. & M. S. R. R- i11 45 " Ar Kalamazro V 73-: " , 500 -‘ y ; 35 pm Ar Allegan‘. , 8 32 " - 5 58 " I 305 ‘- Gizind Rapids” .1950 “ 7 15 " 6 58 “ . All tiains connect at White Pigeon uith trains on main line. W.ni'r-ri.ss. Supt. Kalamazoo Dl\'lSlOn, Kalamazoo. MICHIGAN CENTRAL RAILROAD. DEPARTURE.’ or TRAINS FROM KALAMAZOO. TIEIE-'I”ABLE——lVI.-\Y 18. 1384. Standard iime—9otli meridian. \\’ESTW.-\RD. Kalamazoo Accommodation leaves . . . . . . Kalamazoo Express arrives . . . . . . . . . . . . . Evening Express . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Pacific Express . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2 27 _ . . . . .. Mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 38, . . . . .. Day Express . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I . . . . . .. 1 45 E.-\ST\V.-\RD. Night Express . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kalamazoo Accommodation leaves. Kalamazoo Express arrives . . . . . . . . . Mail. ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 03 Day i-.‘;.'-,5.-:.'s' I I Z i f " New York Express Atlantic Express.. .. New York, Atlantic and Pacific Expresses daily. Even- ing Express west and Night Express east daily except Sat- urdays. All other trains daily except Stiiidviys. Freight trains carrying passengers out from Kalamazoo as follows: No. 29 (ens? at 5:10 P. M. and No. 2o (west) at 8:10, bring passengers rom east at 12:43, P. M. H. B. LF.D\'r\RD, Gen. Manager, Detroit. J. A. GRIER. General Freight Agent, Chicago. 0. W. RLVGGLES. G. P. 81. T. A., Chicago. Detroit, Mackinaw &. Marquette ll. 8. “The Mackinaw Short Line.” Only Direct Route Between the East and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. WEST. H TIME TABLE. EAST. READ DOWN. lTaking Effect Dec.23,‘85. READ or. 6 05 p. m. 7 45 3- 9 5° ‘ 9 56 “ .. .. . 1o 40 " . . . . . . . . . .Ser_iey.. . . . . 4 5o 12 05 p in . . . . . . ..Munisin_g . . . . . . . .. 3 23 " 12 45 ' . . . . . . . ..Au Train . . . . . . . . . 2 50 “ 2 05 “ . . . . . . . .Marquette . . . . . . . . 1 go “ 3 38 " . . . . . . . .Negauriee . . . . . . . . 12 25 " 3 50 “ . . . . . . .. hpemirig . . . . . . .. 12 1o " 730 " . . . . . . ..Houghton, 830a in 8 3o " Ar . . . . ..Calumet.......Lv. 7 15 " Express Trains daily the year round make close connec- tions with trains from Canada and the East, to all Lake Superior points. Night express with sleeper leaves St. Ignace 10:30 P. it, arrives at Marquette 7 A. M. Leaves Marquette 9:30 P. 11., arrives at St. Ignace 6 A. M. A. WATSON. Gen’l Superintendent, Marquette, Mich. E. W. ALLEN, Geu’l Pass. and Ticket Ag't, Marquette, Mich. THE LINE SELECTED 3Y THE U. S. COV’T TO CARRY THE FAST MAIL. .3“ I ll" “ I . DUTIES. “ c.s.s.“q.n. n. It Is the only line with its own track from CH ICACO TO- DENVER, Either by way of Omaha, Pacific .|unc.. Si. Joseph, Atchison or Kansas City. It connects In Union Depots with ihrcu h trains from NEW YORK, PHILADELPHIA, OSTON and all Eastern points. It is the principal line in SAI FRAIGISGII, PORTLAND It GITY OF MEXIGO It traverses all of the six great States of ILLINOIS, IOWA, MISSOURI, NEBRASKA, KANSAS, COLORADO ’ with branch lines to all their important cities and towns. From CHICAGO, PEORIA or ST. LOUIS. it runs every day in the year from one to three ele antly equipped through trains over its own tracks be ween Chicago and Denver, Chicago and Omaha, Chicago and Council Bluffs, Chicago and St. Jose I1, Chicago and Arch son, Chicago and Kansas City, Chicago and To eka, Chicago and edar Ra Ids, Chicago and Sioux Ity, Peoria and Council Bluffs, Peoria and Kansas City, St. Louis and Omaha, _ St. Louis and St. Paul, Kansas Clté and Denver, Kansas Ity and St. Paul, Kansas City and Omaha, For all points In Northwest. West and Southwest. its equipment is complete and first class in every particular, and at all important points Interlocking Switches and Signals are used, thus Insuring com- fort and safety. For Tickets, Rates. General Information etc. regarding the Burlln ion Route, call on an '|'ickel Agent in the United Slates or Canada, or ii dress T. J. POTTER 151' V.P. do GEN. MGR., CHICAGO. HENRY B. STONE, Assr. GEN. Mom, CHICAGO. PERCEVAI LOWELL, GEN. Puss. Ac-r.. CHICAGO. 15sept86eoi FIRE PROOF ‘GUTTA-PERCHA ROOFING For flat or steep roofs. Cheap, durable and easily applied. FIRE PROOF PAINT. Send for prices. EMPIRE PAINT & ROOFING CO., I 128 and 1 130 Race Street, Mention this paper. Philadelphia, Pa. 15apr12t REMOVAL I I have moved my place of business to 115 RANDOLPH STREET, corner of Congress Street, near the Market. The location is the best in the city for sale of Fruits and Produce. every description as usual; also solicit consign- ments of such produce as farmers have to dis- pose of- CEO. W. HILL, . DETROIT, MICH I keep a full stock of SEEDS of all kinds, and will fill orders for merchandise of ‘ : ERMAN CARI’. Orders fille.l promptly, and satisfaction guaranteed; address, SILL & REEVE, Dexter, Mich. --—'1‘HE-— Patrons’llmceryHouse. Under Contract with the Executive Conimiltécs of the Pennsylvania and Ne W York State Granges and recognized by the StatevG1-anges of Ohio, New Jersey and Delaware to fur- nish Granges with all kinds of Groceries. We carry a large and complete stock of all Groceries, Sugars, Syrups, Molasses, Coffees, Teas, Spices, etc. We fill all orders from Patrons when the order is under Seal of Grange and signed by the Evlaster and Secretary of the Grange, and upon receipt of goods and found satisfactory payment to be made within 30 days from date of bills. We are now ‘filling Orders from Patrons in Dlichigan as the through rates from Philadelphia are very reasonable, as the railroads are cutting through rates. A trial order from Granges in Michi- gan will convince them that they can Purchase Groceries to advan- tage in Philadelphia.. If you desire information in regard to prices on any goods in our line of business or freight rates do not hesitate to WI'ite us, as we endeavor to answer all inquiries promptly and satisfactori- ly. We will mail free upon request our Complete Price List of Groceries, giving the wholesale prices 05- all Goods in the Grocery Line. THORNTON BARNES, Wholesale Grocer and Grange Selling Agent, 241 North \\'ater Street, marisyr Philadelphia. Penn. GHQ Quipg. ;. We issue the Buyers’ Guide in March and September of 9 each year. It is now a book of 304 pages. 8ixII inches in H‘ size, 28,576 square inches of information for the consumers. ,: It describes, illustrates and gives the price of nearly all the fl necessaries and luxuries in daiiy use by all classes of peo- 3 pie, and is sent free to any address upon receipt of IO cents I to pay the cost of carriage. We charge nothing for the book. I A I of the goods quoted in the Guide we carry in stock, which enables us to make shipments promptlyanii as ordered. . we are the original Grange Suppl House organized in ‘I I872 to supply the consumer direct a wholesale prices, in , quantities to suit the purchaser. We are the only house in I existence who make this their exclusive business, and no ‘ other house in the world carries as great a variety of oods I as ourselves. Visitors are Invited to call and veriig our statement. Sand for the Guide and see what it contains. If it is not i wo_rth I0 cents, let us know, and we will refund the amount ll paid without question. I MONTGOMERY WARD & co., 227 & 229 Wabash Ave., (lent Exposition Building) CHICAGO, ILL Z._——’Z CHICAGO & GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY TIME TABLE, JUNE 25, 1888- TRAINS WESTVVARD-—CRNTRAL Mizxts-IAN TIME. TRAINS EASTWARD—CEN'l'RAL MERIDIAN ‘nun. No. 18, No. 4 lNo. 6. No. 1, No. 3 No. 5, Express Express: Express. l Mail. Express. Expreu. Port Huron, Lv . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7 c5 A. Mi 7 55 P. M. Chicago, Lv .. 8 05 A. M. 3 25 P. M. 8 15P. ll. aipcer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 31 “ 9 34 " Valparaiso. .. 1o 30 " 5 32 “ 1o 29 " Flint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 c6 " no in " South Bend 12 oo " 6 52 “ 12 01 A. In, Durand.. .. . 9 35 “ lie 48 " Lassopolis . .. :12 47 P. M. 7 29 " 12 43 " Lansing . . . . . 10 3o " 11 5o “ Marcellus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 16 " * . . . . . . . .. 1 o7 " Charlotte. . .. 11 oo A. M.l12 25 A M Sclioolcraft . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 35 " 8 06 " 1 27 “ Battle Creek, A it 45 " I 1 2o “ Vicksburg . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5o " 8 15 “ 1 43 " . " Lv... .. 8 5o 12 05 " I 1 25 ‘ Battle Creek, Ar 2 45 “ 8 55 " 2 3-: “ Vicksburg . . . . . . . . . . . .- 9 45 12 45 “ g 2 21 " “ 3 45 " 9 oo " 2 35 " Schoolcraft . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 55 12 55 “ f 2 32 " Charlotte . . . . . . . 4 42 “ 9 43 “ 3 25 " Marcellus. . . . . to 20 1 16 “ .* . . . . . . . . . Lansing . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2o “ 10 14 “ 4 oo " Cassopolis. to 50 1 42 “ I 3 19 " Durand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 05 “ 11 08 “ 5 03 “ South Bend . 11 40 2 28 “ ' 4 07 ’ Flint . . . . .. ..l 7 55 " 11 37 “ 5 40 “ Valparaiso. . . . 1 c 4 oo “ 5 52 “ Lapeer... . . . 8 42 “ 12 07 A. M. 6 15 " Chicago . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4 05 P. M. 6 3o “ I 8 10 “ Port Huron . . . . . . . . . . .. 10 2o “ 1 26 " 7 35 “ \Vay Freight carrying passengers going East, 3.30 P. M.; going west, 10.05 A. M. *Stop for passengers on signal only. Nos. 3, 4, 5 and 6 run daily. Tickets sold and baggage checked to all parts of Canada and United States. For through rates and time apply to G. M. VVATSDN, Local Agent, Schoolcraft: W. E. DAVIS. Assistant Gen’ Passenger Agent, Chicago; \V._]. SPICER, General Manager, Detroit. GROCERIES! It will be interesting to every Farmer in the vicinity of Grand Rapids to learn that the Wholesale Grocery House ——OZF‘——— ARTHUR MEIGS 39 GO. I—Ia.ve Opened a. Mammoth Retail Department, and are selling all goods at much LOWER PRICES than any other dealers. SPECIAL INDUCEMENTS will be given large purchasers. OUR STOCK IS LARGE, and embraces everything in the line of Groceries and Provisions. When in town don’t fall to call on us. ARTEITTR. '.'MECElIC3-S&:C30- ' Retail Department, 77 and '79 South Division St:r:ee‘t., GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. dec85yt BUSINESS AGENT MICHIGAN STATE GRANGE. THOMAS MASON, General Commission Merchant, 161 South Water St., Chicago, Respectfully Solicits Consignments oi lIIllI,llgIlIlIlii,lilllI,lggi,lIIiilIIll,llIWIlIi'i,Illli,lllli,lIllIW,IIi. BONDED AGENT of the N. Y. Produce Exchange Association, I Chartered Feb. 13, 1878. ‘.51! Orders Receive Proper lltfention. ii ..v' - .....:..»..-.-2:»-...,.,,._ .. TEIE GRANGE VISITOR. AUGUST 15, ‘1 886. Davis and Johnston. Finally the name of Sydney Johnston was mentioned—we had talked nut little of the war—and Mr. Davis said: “He was the master spirit of his day. I knew him as perhaps no other man did. We were friends in our youth; had lived to- ether in the same barracks as young of- goers of the army; we marched through Mexico in the same column, and rode to- gether into Monterey to receive the sur- render of Ampudia When I heard that he had resigned from the army in April, 1861, and had left California and was making his way to Richmond, I felt that a great thing had happened for the South and I waited his coming with anxiousim- patience. Finally, one afternoon I had gone home, worn with the arduous duties of my position, and was resting on a lounge.while my wife ran over a mass of ofiicial documents, selecting those which required my signature. Suddenly I heard steps in the hall and I exclaimed: ‘There’s Sydney Johnston!‘ The door opened and he came into the room, handsome. sol- dierly, modest as he had always been. I was overj iyed at his arrival. I hoped and believed that there were other olficers in the army who would make generals. but I knew there was one. and that was Sydney Johnston. “At another meeting, when he had re- lated the stirring incidents of his over- land 3‘ iurney from California, we began to talk of the important issues in which we were so much interested. ‘Where do you wish me to go?‘ was his question.and I saw from his manner that he expected nothing more than to be given permission to recruit a rrgiment of which he should be commissioned colonel. I told him that I wanted him to go to the west; that I believed him better suited to command in that department than any other man; that the people there and the officers ol the army wished him to come. “But I have no men; where am I to re- cruit a command?’ he modestly asked. -‘Then for the first time I told him that while he wasj iurneying from California to the South, he had been commissioned, with four others. a general in the armies of the Confederate States, and that next to Gen. Cooper. the Adjutant General of the army, he was first in rank. He was soon en route to the post of his new duty and how faithfully he served his country to the moment of his death is known to all who have read the history of his day. ‘-His plans at Shiloh were perfect. lo a telegram received by me on the ‘day be- fore the battle began, he detailed his pro- posed movements, and up to the moment of his death every step in that plan of bat- tle had been ccessfully taken. Had he lived.Buell would never have crossed th-- Tennessee River: Grant would have been driven into the river and that portion of his army not faliing into our hands would have crossed over, met, and de- stroyed the morale of Buell’s column by the completeness of their own demorali- zation. and Sydney Johnston would have marched to the Ohio.” As he spoke these words, Mr. Davis was no longer the venerable statesman, awaiting calmly in the midst of his family the final summons. He was a soldier again, and his fine face was aglow, his eyes flashing, his voice clear and ringing. and one could readily fancy that it was thus he looked and spoke, when, under the blazing sun of Mexico, he led his Mississippians to victory. and saved the day at Buena Vista.—E Polk Johnson in Southern Bivouac. Big Money for Kentucky. There is a strong likelihood now that the State of Kentucky is $100,000 or $l50,000 richer by reason of a killing which recently occurred in this section, writes a Msysville, Ky.. correspondent of the Cincinnati Enquirer. .On the 14th inst., Henry Bureika.or “Dutch Henry,” as he was called, was shot and killed at a point in our neighboring county, Robin- son, near the lower Blue Licks, by a boy named Luther Ricketts, in a quarrel over 2 cents toll. At the time of the killing Bureika was thought to be worth from $30,000 to $75,000. Later estimates, how ever, place his wealth at all the way from 3100000 to $150,000. Taking into con- ideration the property on which he has claims and mortgages‘, his landed inter- ests amount to one thousand acres or more. This land lies in the vicinity where he met his death. It extends in one di- rection a distance of six miles. His lands are all under good fence and their appear- ance shows tnat they have been well tak- en care of. There are good improvements and the fine blue grass furnishes abund- ant grazing for the live stock-—valued at nearly $10,000—which Bureika owned at the time of his death. Altogether, it is thought his property will reach nearer $150,000 then $100,000. He left no children, his marriage with "Dutch Mary" having been entirely fruit- less, in one sense of the word. He has no heirs. either. so far as known at pres- ent. He came to this country alone at the age of 17 from Wurtemburg, Prussia, and if he has any relatives in the old country nothing has ever been heard of them. He may have kin at Wurtemberg. but if there are such, they are resting in blissful ignorance of the snug fortune that is awaiting alawful claimant. In view of the probability that there is no heir,and that the property would likely escheat to the State, Auditor Fayette Hewitt has appointed David Willson, a banker of Fleminsburg,his agent for Rob- ertson County, to take charge of the property, with W. A. Sudduth, of the same town, as attorney. They have quali- fied as such before the county judge of Robertson. Hon. 0. S. Deming anda par- ty named Cleaver were appointed ad- ministrators. Two young men from Day- ton, Ky., whose names were not learned by your correspondenlthave claimed they are heirs and tried to get themselves ap- pointed administrators. but it turns out they are nephews of “Dutch Mary," Bu- reika’s wife, who died some live or six years ago,which will defeat their chances. This is the situation of affairs at present. It is not often that an estate of this sizi is left in just such a condition. A claim- ant may turn up any day, but if one should, and he doesn’t have strong proof of his relationship, tiresome and expen- sive litigation would result almost inevi- tably. Tnit Bus Ern.—-There is the bee’s eye, with its hundreds of facets, each presenting the same image. This is proved by separating the many-sided cor- nea and looking through it with the mi- croscope at a candleflame. The bee, moreover, besides its pair of faceted eyes, carries on the top of its head three sim- ple eyes. very convex. for short distance vision. Then there are its antennae, whereby it feels its way in the dark hive and which gave it, moreover, its exquis- ite power of' smell. Bees can hear, too, though Sir John Lubbock thinks not. They seem deaf because, like wise people. they only attend to such sounds as con- cern them; their own hive's “roar" the stragglers can hear a very long way oil‘, and Mr. Cheshire thinks that the old key and warming-pan music at swarming time is by no means exploded. Their irfipassiveness under many kinds of sound he compares with that of most human beings in a thunderstorm; we are as if we heard not, whereas if a child cries for help we wake into activity. Bees clearly are not given to waste emotion or nerve iorce. They have a nervous system,with gangIions—i. e., knots or lumps where the nerve threads meet. A bee’s brain is a bigger glangion placed in its head, di- vided —like ours—into two lobes. In queens and drones the brain is small. The worker has proportionally twice as much brain as the ant, and more than twe times as much as the cockchafer. Int gent though it is, we need not sup- pose it to be a high-class mathematician because its cells are hexagonal. Mr. Cheshire says that if you put a soap-bub- ble on a bit of slate one side gets flat- tened. Put another close to it, and the contiguous walls become quite flat. ow- ing to the equal tension on the two sides. Now add five more bubbles, so that the first occupies the center; a cross section of this central bubble will now be per- fectly hexagonal, all the contiguous walls of the seven bubbles being flat, the free ones curved. This is the case in the hive; the free walls of the comb always running in asweep, and the hexagonality being simply due to the pressure of one bee against another as they are working.-— All the Year Round. ———-—2——-<9 Hammocks—How Made. “From time immemorial,” says Consul Edward H. Thompson, writing from Merida, Yucatan, “hammocks have been articles of use and barter in Yucatan. I have found the remains of hammock beams and hooks in the chambers of the ruined cities, those mysterious relics of a past civilization that lie buried in the depths of the Yucatanean wildernes.” He then gives an interesting description of their manufacture. He says Yucatan to-day exports more hammocks than any other province in the world. They are made entirely by hand and with the aid of afew primitive yet effective instru- ments. With a couple of straight poles, a shuttle, a thin slab of zapole wood, and a pile of benequen leaves at hand. the native is ready to accept contracts for hammocks by the piece, dozen, or hun- dred. The poles are placed a certain distance apart, according to the required length of the hammock. The thin slab of hard wood is then rapidly fashioned with the aid of a sharp machete into a "tonkas” or stripper. By the aid of this instrument the fibre of the thick, fleshy henequeh leaf is dexterously denuded of its envelope, and a wisp of rasped liber is the result. This is placed in the sun for a few hours to bleach. The fibres are then separated into a certain number, given a dexterous roll betweet the palm of the hand and the knee, and a long strand is produced. Two or more of these strands are then taken, and by a similar dexterous manipulation converted into a cord or rope, from which the ham- mock is made. The cord is “rove" rap- idity around the two upright poles, and the shuttle is then brought into play. This is generally the women’s work, and they do their work well. The shuttle seems to move and seek the right mesh with a volition of its own, and in a very short space of time the hammock is made and laid with its kind to await the com- ing of the contractor. After reaching the hands of the merchant in Merida, the hammocks, both white and colored, are each classified intosuperior and inferior goods, are neatly and compactly baled in lots of four or five dozen to the bale, duly marked, and forwarded to the Unit- ed States, which absorb most of the en- tire exportation. During the calender year of 1885 twenty-four thousand ham- mocks were shipped to the United States from Yucatan. During the six months just ended over thirty-five thousand have already been taken by the United States. --Washington Critic. TORPEDO BOA’1‘S.—OI all the coast de- fenses now projected or practicable, the torpedo boat is that which can be supplied quickest and cheapest. The building of an iron fort, with no provision yet made for rolling the required plates. is an affair of years. The supplying of one hundred- ton guns to these forts is still a more pro- longed and formidable job, which would carry us into the nineties, if not far along toward the next century. Between this and that decisive wars could be fought. Undoubtedly the country ought to go to work to provide such defenses, and so it ought also to go to work to provide float- ing iron-clad batteries which will take long in their construction. But, mean- while. torpedo boats, which are auxiliary defenses, can ‘be turned out with great rapidity and not much cost. If Erics- should commend itself to those who ex- amine it, in a short time our harbors could bcmade to swarm with such de- fenses. So it is with the ordinary tor e- do boats. They are built rapidly, an a bolt from one of them may send to the bottom an iron-clad on which years and millions have been lavished. They creep on their foe at night unperceived until within little more than half a mile, and then. with their tremendous speed, which enables them to cross that half mile in seventy or eighty seconds, they are upon their prey, and, in fact, can discharge their torpedoes still earlier. Whatever the failures of torpedo-boats as sea-go- ing craft, we cannot dispense with them as harbor protecfors.—Nsutical Gazette. son’s Destroyer, with its submarine gun, ' Farmers’ Implements, Sash, Doors, Glass, Nails, General Hardware, Screen Doors an Window Frames, ASSORTMENT OF Pumps, Barb Fence Wire, Tar, Fell and Straw Board, ALL TO BE GOT AT THE Melis Hardware, 17-19 Grandville Ave., Opposite the Engine House, Grand Rapids. Hampton. Deti-oIt,Mioh. 45L5 A D. DEGARMO, Highland Station, Oak- o land, Co., Mich. Farm one half mile north of the station, breeder of Shorthorns of Pomona, Young Phyllis, White Rose, Bell Ma- hone and Sally Walker families. Stock of both sexes for sale. Terms easy, prices low. Cor- respondence solicited. PATENTS. LUCIUS C. WEST, Solicitor of American and Foreign Patents, and Counsellor in Patent Causes, Trade marks, Copyrights, Assignments, Caveats, Mechanical and Patent Drawings. Circulars free. 105 E. Main Street, Kalamazoo, Mich. Branch office, London, Eng. Notary Public. YOUNG MEN ————\VILL- sAyE___ MONEY By attending PARSONS g College, Kalamazoo, illicfi. Fall term opens Sept. Semi for _Iournnl. OF I)ENN'IANSI'III) AND li\"l‘El\'ESl‘ l\'ULl5S And tables for 6, 7, and 10 per cent., only 25c. es and samples /rear ., .9... r '1 lths. J” W? xi“. f‘3Y as Co., CAMDEN, N. J. i5:ipr5t G I} I‘) EN VV00 ll STUCK FARM Poland China Swine a Specialty. Breeders Stock recorded in Ohio P. C. Record. Corres- pondence and inspection invited. B. G. RUELL, LITTLE PRAIRIE RONDE, Cass Co., Mich. I a mcH|ugy.rr2.tt.°s.n.trn££ , INGEBSOIJJS QUICK-ACTING SOAP.—Gua.rani:eed not to in- jure the Finest Fabric. A Tour Kettle heats all the Water. No Steaming Suds and Wearing Labor. No Mending-day following the Wash. Makes the Skin Soft and White. An Hour’: Light Effort does an ordinary Wash. Elegant for Toilet, Sample us. as mailed for the postage, Me. 314 Try One, 514 A better Harness than you can buy for $20. I Pill lllll’ lllllll llllllllfl Full Nickel, or D_avis Rubber Trimming, Best Oak Stock, for $14. FOR 33 DAYS I will fill all orders received under seal of the Grange, and may be returned if not satisfactory. A. VANDENBERG, GRAND Ramps, Mich. MAKE YIIIIII OWN FERTILIZEIIS. \Vhere to get the materials in the cheap- est form: how to make up formulas for differ- ent crops; seven ways to make lant food or bones, ground and whole : all 3 out fish for _ manure and where to get them, and wood « ashes. &c.,&c. A book of no pages, crowded with valuable information, all given in the plain, common sense we farmers can under» ' stand. By mail 40 cts. lso books on Onion, Squash, Cabbage, and Carrot and Man old .. raising, at 30 cents each, or the five for £2.35 - by mail. Two ofthese have been through ”-. io and 15 editions. 1111; large Sc-ed Calvi- logucfree to all who w-ruefor it. 5 JAMES«J. H. cneconv, : MARBLEHEAD, MASS. Alln Durfee, FURNISHING FUNERAL DIRECTOR. No. 103 Ottawa Street Grand Rapids, - - Mich. Replidgence, 193 J eiferson Ave. ry ovi Fenno Brothers &. llhilds, WUUL COMMISSION MERCHANTS 117 Federal St., Boston. Consignments Solicited, and Cash Advances Made. THE MAN wno lulu 6 Ton \Va¢on Scales. Iron Levon, Stnl Bearings, Brut Tue Burn and Hum Box, for $60 and IONIS he pays the fnIght—-for he VIII Iii" ”liii'i‘t'§"Ii'r" t'i'ii'a 3"" IIII: Binuliamton. 39. feb 15 112 German Horse and Cow POWDERS I This powder has been in use many ycars. It is largely used by the farmers of Pennsylvania, and the Patrons of that State have purchased over I00,000 pounds through their purchasing agents. Its composition is our secret. The reci- pe is on every box and 5-pound package. It is made by Dr. Oberholtzer’s Sons & Co , Pht.cnix- ville, Pa. It helps to digest and assimilate the food. Horses will do more work with less food while using it. Cows will give more milk and be in better condition. It keeps poultry healthy and increases the production of eggs. It is also of great value to them while melting. It is sold at the lowest possible wholesale prices by R. E. JAMES, Kalamazoo; GEO. W. HILL .5: CO., 80 Woodbridge St., Detroit; TH()S. MASON, [81 Water St., Chicago, 111.; and ALBERT STEGEMAN, Allegan. Put up in 60-lb. boxes (loose). Price EIGHT CENTS per lb., 30-lb. boxes of 6 ;-lb. packages, TEN CENTS per lb. oct 13, yrl The Leading Music House. In Western Michigan. FRIEDRICH BROS., 30 and 32 Canal Street, .G-rand Rapids. MI- ’ rs‘. Weber Pianos, Knabe Pianos, Fischer Pianos, Peek Pianos. Chase Organs, Smith American Organs, Taylor and Farley Organs, Valley City Organs. A LARGE STOCK OF Sheet Music, Music Books, and Musical Merchandise. PEIGES LOW‘, Terms Easy, Satisfaction Guaranteed! 5ln lsept A 92-LB.__ll_ABBAliEl Mr. E. Leedham of Arovo Grnndc, Cal., and J. C. VVard of Plymouth, _\fc., write me tlintfrimi my strain of seeds, thug; raised Mzirblcliend M nin- meth Cabbagcs wt’ hing 91 and 92 lbs. Seed taken from the ’ same lot from which these monster cab- !) (l as .9 we r e V grown, accom- panied with a. statement of how they were grown, sup- plied at igcents a ackage. I will ny £1.00 per lb. for t e largest Cub- , y \. huge from this seed _ _ _ - ,~ (freight prep:ud)._pro- vided it wei hs not less than 70 lbs. when received. My large Xfc Vetablc and Flower See_d Catalogue wi I be sent ran to all who write for it. James J. ll. llragory, llarblaliead, Mass. WOOL, BEANS, Etc. If you contemplate shipping I offer to furnish bags and storage free of charge, and if not sold in 30 days from receipt of same will, if requested, ad- vance one-half its estimated value with- out interest on the same. I will sell to best advantage, and remit balance due when sold. Rate of commission not to exceed five per cent., and less in pro- portion to quantity of shipment. Mar- lget quotations on wool, beans, etc., fur- nished on application. .' THOS. MASON, Business Ag’t Mich. State Grange. QFING IRON Sand for prices E and Illusiriiimi Catalogue of CINCINNATI (0.) CORRUGATING CO. Ismarlzt FRED VARIN'S MOTTO Is. "A Nimble Sixpence is Better than a Slow Shilling." [therefore offer Hand-Made Harness CHEAPER THAN EVER, at following prices: Double Farm Harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $25150 Double Carriage Harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 00 Single Buggy Harness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8_'oo Sign of Big Horse, No. 73 Canal St., Grand Rapids, Mich. imarlzt THE ST. JOHN//S RIDING PLOW. Covering all points of excellence heretofore reached, presents to farmers some new and novel points of excellence. draft and simplicity of construction are prominent features. Ease of Send for circulars to the ST. JOHN PLOW CO., KALAMAZOO, MICH. Re duction in Price of Paints. THE PATRONS’ PAINT WORKS have made another reduction in the price of Paints, notwithstanding they are cheaper than any other Paints in the market, Because TEN THOUSAND PAT- RONS TESTIFY THAT THEY LAST FOUR TIMES AS LONG AS WHITE even if the others cost NOTHING. IVhy? LEAD AND OIL MIXED IN THE OLD WAY. WE DELIVER IO GALLON ORDERS FREIGHT PAID TO YOUR DE- POT. WE SEND YOU AN ELEGANT PICTURE OF SOME THE LEAD- ING MEN OF THE ORDER. A pamphlet, “Everyone their own Painter,” sam- ple of colors, references of many thousand Patrons, etc., free upon application. Masters and Secretaries, please name your title in writing. J an 1 LI2 Shaving and Gene- ral Uses. The Price saved many times in Labor, Fuel and Wear of Clothes. Home-made S o a. p dear even if It costs nothing. For ‘Wash- Sampla box, 36 cakes, delivered, freight free, $3. PATRONS’ PAINT WORKS, 64 Fulton St.. Ncw_YorIt- ing Machines une- qualled. Masters, Sec- retaries and others, write for mu particu- lars. Pamphlet with Pictures of Leading Patrons, FREE. Addrell PATRONS’ SOAP WORKS. 64 WLTON S'.I.'.. NEW YOBL