lilti-tr! LEW‘ C°.“eg.3i ‘- THE FABMEI-.’ [S or MORE CONSEQITENOE THAN THE F£1.R.1L AND SHO ('1. D BE FIRST IJIP1.‘0I'ED." .__'..,...n iikarden Reminders. ; Make Every Edge Cut. ‘ Breeding and Feeding Sheep. What would be thought of a We do not like to iii-breed verv farmer who sent his mowing nia- much if it can be avoided. beca,,S;. chine into the hay field with a3 it has a tendency to weaken the part of his knives so dull that constitution. although it is afact they would scarcely cut? And that most all the different breeds yet. when we think it over. this of sheep were produced by in- is what many of us are now doing breeding. The truth seems to be in all our farming operations. 1 that the close breeding up to a Let us look at some of the edges certain point is necE:;sai'y' to V crop of grass on it. It has cut a_l jfull crop every year, and has: ' _ M unow a beautiful stand of clean} A”°"‘¢1" Season. "1. my home fimothy It has been pastured gardenfaboutthe sixtieth)afi'ordsI ‘ ,additioua‘.l proof of the great: . «fevery fall but one. which prac—. ‘ AT THE OFFICE or 'rHi-: Tum-". \'oi<‘riii-:i‘r‘N7iw, in />’i'.rtinr '/'riuz:i'rr:/it. out much further than is usually‘ supposed. Deep hoeing. especi- ally prong—hoeing. while these éwhicli you could have sharpened; ‘ up the dairy edge on your farm secure a fixed type; and when judiciously done. it may be the means of securing most valuable results. To change the rain the second year would be to act on the side of safety. You may breed a rain to his own ewe lambs with no bad results. but you should ‘avoid breeding to the second generation's offspring. To breed a ram to his ewe lambs is safer and is not as close breed- ing as breeding brother and sister. VV’e must breed for some desired object and learn to know the character of every ram and ewe in the flock as near as possible. Remember that the male impress- es upon the progeny most stroiig- ly, so it is necessary to be very careful in securing the ram as near the desired type as possible. #—__:¢->___.. Weeds on the Increase. Very few farms are so free l only practicable way of securing 2 meadows free from weeds in this i locality. Eight or ten years ago ‘,I told the readers of the («'oun.tr_I/ . ‘and can still do so? {The ram is one—half the flock. Now let us look at the imple-5N0 matter how nice 3. flock of ments: Where are they? If theyiewes you have and you breed roots are in operation, lays the: mischief with them. he shal- ‘, g or slicing or rak— ‘ from weeds as to render precau- - - - are under cover well ainted‘them to a oor ‘a . g H . ‘(«e,,,,,,,m‘,,,0f m succes _ inv suffic if it demolish the, . . P. . P .1 m’ you Camlo tion .1111I.leCeSs8iI3 . against the-£10 Hqzlack Drags“ b _ Cusltgfalélgl WgedS_ and “Wes the mere Sup 1, and oiled. then this edge is well accomplish an improvement. On ! geimination of_ their seeds under; ad _ A is ' Y . 3 _ ' 8‘ face loose .1’ ,é_,9;,,1,m, S] the} sha nen ,d; but ot. you arelthe other hand, if you have onlv favorable conditions for growth. i _“° rfrfifiis inn }Q.H‘.Q 1Tf‘| §iinoc1u1_q-WJulPaU.u W A _.,L,..:._'.;,-;&W1I_.._1%,, my-.-.«..~ . - - - 14 .. ..L- '1r'{\f{ .-wig x_-nu ism}! , Where Weed Seeds exist in 5t1'3i“'5S1On' e C ean piece 0 tlmot y I freshly—dug gardens. is oftener E bkfcksmltll V . -.*“".=1n;? *l”,t1““1 V" .."‘‘’t‘ a’ ‘am as -You . privilege of running with tihiscansecurc, you are sure of a. good or other niaterial used for bed— i abmvefnenti°“ed_°Cc“PieSg1'0“{1dl - badly infested with this weed fif- teen years ago.-(.'. .8’. ]i'f('(‘. Lewis (.70.. N. l’.. in (,'mintr_I/ Gcntlmmiri. .too full of wide air spaces to be‘, able to hold or convey upwardf the needed supply of moisture to; ‘=tlie feeding roots. VVe do less and less digging and heavy lioe- dull edge. result. And the manure pile: This is; It is cheaper to pay a good the biggest blade in the machine. ‘ price for good rams to a capable Look at it carefully: see that it,breeder who makes the prodiic- ding farm animals. and the manure is drawn directly froml the stable and spread on the field. there is great danger that the‘ («ac»- farin will be ovei'ruii with an un- sightly and unprofitable crop of; weeds. Now. when so inucli land is devoted to corn for soiling or ensilage. it is very convenient to spread the iiianiire on sod in late‘ fall or winter. and plow it under in ‘ spring for the corn crop. Thisi results in a good crop of corn.i but the shallow cultivation nowl, practiced leaves the manure un-‘ der the sod undisturbed. and when the ground is plowed for the succeeding crop the seeds that it contained are in favorable condition for growth. If the field is seeded to grass the same year, weed seeds will also germi- nate and their noxious product will be on hand not only in the grain crop but also in the meadow of succeeding years. In a ride of a few miles this morning through a good farming section, weeds were seen success— . fully contesting with timothy and clover on good meadow land, and? on what have usually been con-l. sidered well managed farms? Their unsightly presence is man- ifestly on the increase. If any, one tries.to keep his farm free} from such pests. the chances; are ten to one that his fields} will yearly receive a seedingj from adjoining farms of careless‘; neighbors. Neglected or untilledl landis sure to prove the harbinger : of weeds and the distributer of their seed. The best. cleanest and most enduring meadows that I ever had. were obtained on land that had been three years under the plow before seeding to grass A good sod was broken and corn drilled, with 500 lbs of phosphate to the acre. The next year the ground was well manured and cultivated in potatoes, and the third year seeded to clover and timothy with barley or mixed grain. There are now on the farm several pieces of such meadow nearly free from weeds of all kinds. The oldest of these Clover Seed Midge. , mg every year. with great saving to waning muscle: but. when dig- ging is doiie. the dug ground is compacted again as much as pos- Tlio adult of this insect is a small two-winged fly. not larger grows no smaller. and if possible make it bigger. , These are only three of the many edges with which you cut: pieces has now the fifth year's than a mosquito. It has at the ‘ posterior end of its body a long i tube. which is the ovipositor. or; egg depositor. by means of which '1 it inserts its eggs near the center of the clover heads. These eggs hatch into small orange maggots. ‘ that attack the blossoms and pre- vent their development. When full grown these maggots are about one-fifth of an inch long, orange in color; and have no legs. When fully developed they drop from the clover heads to the ground, where they go into the pupa or Chrysalis state. and a few weeks later emerge as flies again. , There are three methods of preventing the injuries of this in- sect to the seed crop. The first is that of cutting the hay crop ten days earlier than usual. so as to prevent the development of the first brood of midges. The chief objection to this is that the hay is too green to cure well. Where it can be used in the silo this ob- jection will be obviated. The second is that of turning cattle in the clover fields after the crop has got a good start in spring. The cattle eat the blossom heads, containing the eggs or young, and so the pests are destroyed. The third method is that originat- ing with Mr. John Warren. of Lodi, Medina county, Ohio, which consists of running the mower through the field about the middle of May. leaving the product on the ground as a mulch and fer- tilizer. There then develops a vigorous crop of clover blossoms, which comes between the regular crops. and also between the two broods of the midge, thus escaping attack. This has been tried for two or three seasons by some of the most reliable farmers of north- ern Ohio, and pronounced a decid- ed success.~0Ii io Agr. Eacperz'.ment Station, U()Z1,I?’Ill)lIS. sible. Among all perennials. as berry fruits. vines. rhubarb. asparagus. strawberries. we rarely find use for a spade. ally grasses. are allowed no start. Mulch (of any waste that we can‘: find) is used. and greatly helps to feed the plants and to suppress other growth. Toads are encour- aged to keep down the snails. etc., which are apt to increase where they have such shelter. Other leaf-destroyers are looked after and treated promptly. As the fruit trees blossom. we begin to syringe Currant and goose- berry bushes and rose plants with hellebore; and soon after the apple trees that bear are sprayed. and their stems and col- lars brushed with soap and sul- phur or with kerosene emulsion. This last, diluted. is promptly used against aphides as they ap- pear, at any time during summer. To check the rust and mildews which disiigure and devou 1‘ leaves -—even attacking our geraniums and Currant bushes this year—— we use sulphur, placing a little where its fumes may rise through the '-fleaves; or for wider use, we syringe with a dilute solution of some sulphuric salts, and find sul- phide of potassium or liver of sulphur convenient and effective. To perpetuate a bed of strawber- ries on the same ground. we go over the ground directly after the last picking and pull up all old plants. If this takes nearly all, we leave the plants lie in place until their runners have rooted, and before the fall growth sets in, about September. 1, thin again severely, leaving plenty of foot-room between the retained young plants. Old and worn-out plants pull up or break off very easily.—W. G. Waring, Six, in N. Y. Tr'ibu.ne. VVeeds. and especi- : ‘ but see what a difference it makes: *\Vllel}h(?l‘ these are sharp or dull. , Are you doing your work with : every knife in good order. or are ftliey dull. broken and rusty? Perhaps they are and you don't’; ,realize it. Perhaps you have been toiling and sweating so long I under your heavy work that it has become second nature to you. If this is so. stop now; think carefully over every branch of your farming and resolve that you will make every edge cut; for unless you do, you will keep "under the harrow“ to the end of the chapter. ‘ What becomes of the city mer- chant who does not make every edge of his machine cut--who does not think, morning. noon and night. how he can best im- prove each line of his business? The answer is very simple: "He fails!" And in these times. unless, the farmer uses the well-directedi energy and persistence of his’ successful city brother, he will fail. But there is one knife that should be sharpened, not on ac-i, count of any money it may di- rectly earn, but on account of the pleasure it will give, and that is fruits and flowers. Don't let us be in one perpetual grind from Monday morning till Saturday night; we can work all the better for having a little pleasure, and nothing on the farm can give so much of this as fruits and flowers. Let us have more of these than we want; let us share them with our neighbors, and we sh all never regret having sharpened this edge.——“P. B. 0.,” in. Rural New Yorker. Anthony Comstock is said to have a standing offer of $25,000 a year if he will simply keep still and allow the New York branch of the Louisiana lottery to re-open. tion of breeding animals his busi- ness and knows what a good breeding animal should be, than to atteinpt to raise one yourself. which, after all, is akin to your flock. or buy some cheap rain of your neighbor. Breeding lays th( foundation and feeding builds upon that. Success in sheep husbandry is due first to good breeding and then good feeding. We have fed wetliers for several winters and have fed them in several different ways. Our best results have been obtained by feeding them a variety of fodder. hay, straw and corn; feeding them corn and fodder (letting them do their own shucking and shelling of the corn) out on a pasture we intend to plow up for corn the following spring. so the manure is not lost. When it is wet and muddy we feed them their corn in troughs and the fodder in racks. At night. in the stables. we give them clover-hay in racks. After we get them to eating corn nicely we increase it slowly until we give them about all they will eat. feeding twice a day and feeding them just what fodder and hay they will clean up nicely. always keeping the stable dry with straw. Of couse there will be some litter in the hay they will not eat, and that we use as bedding. We give them access through the day to a straw-pile and fodder. and at night to hay in the sheds and barns. We let them have access to plenty of water. This is for weathers over two—years old.-— Prairie 1*'ar-mer. It is a. great and noble thing to cover the blemishes and to ex- cuse the failings of a. friend; to draw the curtain before his stains and to display his perfections; to bury his weakness in silence. but to proclaim his virtues upon the housetop.—South. ~———-——— Teacher: " How is the earth di- vided?” Tommy: “’Tween them‘s got it and them's wants it.” TI-IE: GRANGE VISITOR. August 1, 1890. A Very Intelligent Bird. \Ve converscd some time together- You may think it quite absurd—— But 1 found that quail in the orchard A most intelligent bird. He chose a sh:ul_v corner Before he would alight: I inquired: “\’Vhat is your name. sir?" He said at once. “Bob White.” He had an air of business. The knowing little sprite! So I asked about his family: He said at once. "All right." I thought I'd like to see them. And asked him if lmigln: Pt-rhaps it was the thought of to 1st That inside him say. “Not quite." "Permit me just a glance. sir. Thcy must be a cunning sight—— Then tell me what‘s the reason." lie winked and said. "Too bright." I said. "Don‘t you get dizzy \\'hen you swing at such a height? He hopped upon I lofticr perch Then answered back, "You might.“ I asked him if he really thought "l'\\'as haying weather yet; He turned asky his weather eye And syllablcd “More wct." Though from answers dissyllabic He never swerved a niite; Yet he always had an answcr. The roguish little wight. At last I tried to catch him- He showed no signs of fright, But simply spread his winglcts. And chippered back_ “Good night.“ Your parrots and your mocking—birds You may think are very bright; For wit and for intclligcucc I rccoxuuieud "Bob \\'hite.“ — T/1:’ (1rrzg7'4'_;f.r I/"um:/1'.rt The Cost of Butter. It is a common practice in counting the cost of a finished product like butter. to estimate all the material used at the com- mon market price. and putting the cost of the product. in conse- quence. far above the selling price of it. and thus making out a loss instead of profit. This way of figuring has a depressing result on the mind. and as when one nurses a sore. either of body or mind. it furnishes a prolific source of unnecessary discontent and complaint. This. however. is not the just manner of com- puting the cost of any product. The right way is to charge the feed and material used at cost. and not the selling price with the profit on it. and thus find the actual cost of the product and the profit an its sale. regard -'-‘ '1-n+u~.~y;,I +1.—.._s « 4-A_-= _ J‘; .; much that IS. e.,t1m -ting the labor involved in the production of feed. the care of the cows. the amount of their product. and the labor of making the butter. Very few dairymen really know what the product costs them. and most of them who figure upon it make the mistake of estimating the feed at its selling price instead of its cost price. The cost of hay is put at the market price and the pasture is charged at an equivalent of the hay at the same price, and this is usually $10 per ton. Now hay can be grown and put in the barn for per ton. as the actual cost of seed-sowing and harvesting; two crops of two tons per acre being taken as the basis. and the pasture of the second growth then costs noth- ing. being included in the above cost. The cost of the land is not estimated. With an interest value of three per cent.. which is as much as any investment so secure as real estate will yield, and an allowance for some minor ex- penses of 75 cents per ton of hay, hay will cost per ton on land worth The cost is thus figured per acre: Seed. 10 pounds each of clover and timothy. $1.45: sowing. $1.50: making. etc.. 55 cents; use of machinery. etc.. $1.50; in all for which two crops of two tons each are made. as should be on land of the value given, equal to $1.25 per ton. With 20 pounds of hay at 5 cents. 10 pounds of grain food at 10 cents, and 5 cents for labor per day. the cost of a days feed- ing will be :20 cents. The calves should return sufficient to replace the cost of the cow and interest on it. and a good cow should yield one pound of butter per day on this feeding. Thus. the cost of the butter for food. etc.. so far will be 20 cents per pound. This will easily be reduced to 1;’) cents by the value of the skimmed milk, worth :3 cents per day. These figures are taken from the accounts of the writers dairy for several years past. and the charges for feeding are such as are common in other dairies. The feeding of the cows when not in profit. which time averages sixty-five days for more than [twenty-five years. is not consid- lered. as the pasture does not cost ‘anything. being allowed for in the interest charge in the land. A similar estimate has been made at the Massachusetts sta- tion, and is published in Bulletin No. 3-1 for June. 1889. The sta- tion found the cost of one quart of cream to be 15.09 cents for 1887. and 13:}: cents for 1?-0:48. As one quart of cream—that is cream. not milk and cream——wil1 easily make one pound of butter. these figures represent the ap- proximate cost of the butter as reached by the station. but no charge is made for the use of the land, the feed being estimated at the market value. There is not any important difference between the two estimates. considering the variarice in detail. but we prefer to take our own figures as being more nearly accurate. The value of the manure should not enter into this calculation. although it might make a differ- ence. because. as the hay is grown by previously made man- ure, the land should be repaid by the fresh supply in return for what it has given. It follows. then. that a dairy- man having good cows and feed- ing them well. cannot make good -butter for less than 15 cents per pound. Probably not more than one-tenth of the cows in use yield enough butter to pay for this feeding. and it is a question if the farmer who keeps his poor cows on pasture alone does not make more profit from the feed- ing than the dairyman who feeds well and keeps better stock. Pasture is cheap on cheap land. The cost of the land is two-thirds of the total cost of the hay. and pasture may be estimated to be worth as much as hay. A cow on good pasture will make a pound of butter per day in the early Summer months without any grain food. and if green fod- der crops are grown. which will cost little more than grass. a good cow may be kept through the Summer without grain food. the cost of which seems to be too great for profit. being 50 per cent. of the product. If half a 15:53: “ii? there may be more profit in 15 cent butter than in a pound of better quality at 25 cents. But the facts shown certainly go to show that the best cows are the most profitable. for one such cow on grass alone will make more money for her owner than two poor ones. not only by the quan- tity given. but through the bet- ter quality. When. however. the freshness of the grass is past. and grain food must be given. and in Winter dairying. the cow that responds most liberally to grain feeding will be found the most profitable. and a cow that will not do this must be fed at a loss. Moreover. the quality of the but- ter is an important item of con- sideration. for every cent gained in price is a clear profit.—N. 1'. '1'imc.s'. - —-¢o>——— Breaking Colts. Having just read an article from a practical dairyman on "breaking" heifers. we feel like saying that our experience in “brcaking" colts in long years of raising them accords exactly with his. As the term is generally understood. “we have no use for it." Our colts are potted from the start. are always treated gent- ly and they are as quiet as an old horse. Generally. the fall after they are two years old, but some- times not for one. or even two years la.ter—-but we prefer the earliest period—as they stand haltered in the stable. we quietly put the harness on them. letting them stand with it several hours to accustom them to the feel and rattle. Then lead them out and allow thcm to stand beside awork- horsc that is harnessed: then lead them to water. or along some fa- miliar roadway. If inclined to pull back. have some attendant to walk quietly behind and gent- ly urge them forward. Then take down the lines and drive. going a frequented way. as before—~al- lowing them much of choice of route. Avoid abrupt turnings or quick and harsh jerkings. When they have become accustomed to this kind of movement. whether it be in one or more lessons. not long enough continued to worry or tire them. then hitch to sled or wagon, with as little rattle to it as possible. and preferably drive over a smooth field. as there iplenty of room can be had for turning. No two colts can be treated ex- actly alike. as no two have the same disposition. but inrepeated cases we have hitched to wagon after only a few hours prelimi- nary exercise, and always ready for a light load by the third trial. We should not attempt to ride a colt until after ithasjworked: then. perhaps. as coming in from harrowing or other work. as it would be somewhat tired. we would gently bestride it. not. however. quickening its pace. This is our long-time rule. as against the too common one of calling in a half-dozen neighbors. getting out the big rope. bridle and saddle. and when the wild colt has been cornered in the lot or shed. and the. to him. vi]- lainous-looking and feeling outfit has been buckled and girthed to him. with the fright from the strange crowd and their loud and unfamiliar voices. he is in a mood for a runaway or sulky defiance. —J. .11. 1i’2’cc. in I’r(u'rz‘c Farmer. -m--<-1} Successful Shepherds. The benefits arising from keep- ing sheep. intelligently. on ordi- nary farms is little understood. Among all my farmer acquaintan- ces I cannot name one who has been a persistent sheep-keeper that has not added to his cash account and the fertility of his soil by this means. while I do know many who. if they have not grown poorer in these respects by raising and selling grain. have not made any advance in the right direction. It is only the design of this ar- ticle to report how two of my ac- quaintances have accumulated considerable wealth by sheep- husbandry. One commenced ten years ago on a run down bush farm. and went in debt for that. He started in with the determin- ation that “sheep should help him out." His policy was to make the farm carry ev ovine hoof possible. Somet’. s he has gone beyond that- d purchas- ed féed a‘§:id urage. He --Ix.-.-t F» . tin.-:«x~<>u8-la ly, and then grow upon it three crops of grain and a crop of clo- ver hay. in the following rota. tion: corn. oats. wheat. clover. then sheep again. The coarse manure was always placed 011 the corn ground and plowed under. .and the fine on the wheat field ‘before the last harrowing. He never used commercial fertiliz- ers. but did land plaster on the clover occasionally with good re- sults; but he always feared mak- ing the soil "plaster sick." and consequently used it sparingly. He subdued the briar and brush fields by pasturing them closely. When the herbage was well re- duced he turned the animals into a better pasture to “fill up.” and then back into the bush-lot again. so alternating until there was scarcely a green leaf remaining. He considers August the best month in which to subdue bushes and brie-rs. “because." he says. "they stay killed better." At his leisure during the fall he grubs the field. and the next season it is planted to corn. His farm has become fertile under this treat- ment. and grows excellent crops of grain. which he feeds on the place to sheep. In speaking of the sheep industry in connection with farming. he said: "I would keep sheep if they produced no wool. or I would keep them if they raised no lambs.“ The other farmer purchased 120 acres in 1882. running consid- erably in debt. The buildings were meagre and dilapidated. the fences down and the soil impov- erished. He. too. staked his faith on sheep. keeping besides only one cow and three horses. His farm is paid for. the buildings and fences are in good order. a commodious sheep barn has been crccted. and there is not a better grain farm in the country. The orchard which produced but little when he purchased the farm has. by a judicious system of trim- ming, engrafting and pasturing with sheep. become abundantly fruitful. and his apple sales last year were ti-‘«63(). His flock of sheep consists of 140 ewes. 100 of which he devotes -to raising winter lambs, and averages about 531.000 annually from their pro- duct in lambs and wool. Neither of these men hire any help except a few days in haying and harvesting. and the women of the household do not have to slave themselves to death wait- ing upon hired help or attending to milk and butter. These men and their families live a com- paratively easy farm life.——GctI«n l|'¢'[.s-rm. in Natimml Stm-k/nan _ H. .,__ _ ,__ Feeding the Runts. The objection to feeding any- thing like a number of hogs or pigs together is that it is often that there will be some of the smaller ones that will notbe able to secure their share. and in consequence they get stunted. It is not be- cause the feed is not supplied them. but because they do not get it. Hogs are naturally greedy and when feeding for growth. when not given all that every one ‘can eat there is certain to be some that will get more than others of what they should have. This is more particularly the case where quite a number of hogs are kept together. Because it is more convenient to feed all the hogs kept on the farm together many are careless in this respect and the feed. whether grain or slop. is thrown out to them and each animal is left to look out for itself. In a majority of cases a little more care in dividing up according to size and thrift will aid materially in securing a more even growth on the same quantity of feed. During growth it is not necessary to feed all the hogs will eat and especially when they have the run of a good pasture, but it is nearly always necessary to feed more or less, and in deriving the most profit in feed- ing it is necessary that each one should get its share. In fatten- ing hogs they must be fed all that they will eat up clean at each meal. and if this is done a good gain can be secured with all. In feeding for growth. and this is what is to be done during the next three or four months. the younger pigs should be fed separate from those that are larger and older. providing a separate place for them where they can eat without being dis- turbed. They may be allowed the run of the same pasture but ought to have separate places to feed and sleep. Give each lot a suflicient quantity at each feeding to keep in a good thrifty condi- tion. Runts are an abomination and stunted pigs are but little better. and it is easy to stunt by a little neglect. especially in feeding. and once a pig gets fairly stunted no after treatment will entirely eradicate the effect. Un- less more than ordinary care is given where a large number are fed together. a number of them will get stunted. at leastpartially. before they will be noticed. When fed in smaller lots_ and divided up according to size any- thing of this kind can be ‘seen quicker and a change be made that will obviate it.—ll'cs't<°r7z Swilcehcrtl. A Fruit Ladder. The following fruit ladder is described in one of the agricul- tural reports: Take a pole of any desired length. but not of large diameter. sharpen it at the top to a slim point. and several feet from the top put a fiat iron band about it. or in case a. band is not at hand it may be securely wrapped with wire to keep it from splitting. But the band should not be thick or with ‘sharp edges clse it may cut or chafe the bark of the tree. If the grain is straight it may be split with wedges from the butt to this band, or it may be split with a rip—saw. Now spread it at the bottom to sever- al feet in width. and if the ladder is to be quite tall this should be from five to six feet or even more. Nail a brace temporarily across the butt ends to hold them apart, and bore holes at proper distances and at proper angles: or if the spread is not too great they may be bored before the the pole is split. Rounds of tough. strong material may now be inserted. beginning at the top. first removing the brace. Such a ladder can be thrust upward i11to a tree and placed in a fork or against a branch with- out danger of falling or being unsteady, and it has the addi- tional advantage of being very light at the top and easy to handle. If desired. a third leg or brace can be added by hinge- ing it to the top round through a hole. thus making a step ladder. — ll'c.s'tcrn Rural. Changes in the Future. American agriculture has touched bed rock. Prices of farm lands .and of produce cannot well be lower. The opening up of farm empires in the public domain has about come to an end. There are still subject to settlement or obtainable at nominal cost vast areas in the west and south. but there is no chance for any such marvelous development of new territory as has characterized the past three decades. More intensive methods will gradually come into general use. land values will rise and produce will command better prices as diversification reduces the surplus in staples. With this change will come greater demands upon our farm- ers to hold their own in public affairs and secure absolute justice in taxation and representation. The feeling of unrest among so large a proportion of our farmers to-day is in some degree due to the fact that they have failed to do their full duty as citizens. at least to a considerable extent. If farmers are injuriously affected by the influences which seem to have conspired to advance the in- terests of capital at the expense of producers. the reason is to be found in the fact that the favored interests have been constantly on the alert while the farmer has raised but an occasional feeble protest. To grapple with the problems that confront him as a citizen. as well as to make a success of agriculture under the approaching changes. requires a higher degree of education than has been common among farmers in the past. It is in enabling the rising generation of producers to acquire this education that our agricultural and mechanical colleges are to fill so important a pla-Ce.—--lmerit-ml .-l_I/rit-r(/flu‘/.~". Economy of Farmers. VVe do not all agree with those who think one prominent cause of agricultural depression is lack of economy on the part of farmers. There is certainly much waste on the average farm. in the way of careless work. and shiftless. slip- shod methods: but there is not more now than there always has been. The style of living has somewhat improved. There is less hard work a11d more coin- forts than there were fifty. or even twenty-five years ago. But the advance is less in thcsc ro- spects than in any other walk of life. The income of the farm. while actually larger than twenty-five years ago. is propor- tionately smaller. Farmers. as a rule. do not live as well. in comparison with other classes. as they did twenty—five years ago. and they cannot affort to live as well. This change in their re- lative position is not the fault of farmers themselves. It is the fault of conditions over which they have no control. The de- pression is general. not local: but it is. we believe. temporary. not permanent. It will vanish when farmers. as a class. refuse to take a back seat.—Fm-um-‘s Ilomc. _ __._.-,.,_,,..,, , Ayoung man who went west filled with enthusiasm and a desire to "grow up with the country" surprised his friends by returning home after an absence of several weeks. He said that while he was out land hunting in what he thought was the garden spot of America. he came across a board- ed up claim shanty. On the boards nailed across the door he found this inscription. which ac- counted for his unexpected re- turn: “Fore miles from a nayber. sixteen miles from a postofis. twenty miles from a raleroad. a hundred and atey from timber. two hundred and fifty feet from water. Therc‘s no place like home; we‘ve gone east to spend the summer with my wife‘s folks. “ _, ,,.w__,,- ,____,_, Twenty-one observatories are now engaged in the international undertaking of photographing the entire heavens. Each observ- atory will have to take about 700 photographs in the zone assigned to it. and it is hoped to finish the work in three or four years . - ....--_.--—-._ __—c August 1, 1890. THE G-BANG-E VISITOR. £&'I'IE{C)INI"$ MANUFACTURER OF INGERSOLL’S LIQUID RUBBER PAINT. Ten Thousand P. of H. and Farmers testify they are best and Cheapest. WRITE US AND SAVE MONEY. AIINI"I' ‘ Cheap, Indestructible Paints for BARNS and OUTBUILDINGS. OFFICE: 243 Plymouth St, Brooklyn, N. Y. CIE2 IE3 Beautiful Sample Color Cards and Book of Instrut-tions———FREE. We Guarantee Satisfaction. Illusion. Down in the valley, he thought, how grand To stand on the mountain-peak. To feel the (our free winds of heaven, And to see the daylight break! The flowery grass of the meadow-lands. The wealth of the waving crop, He knew them safe, and rich, and fair. But he longed for the mountain-top. \‘Vhat mystic shadows and depths were there. \Vhat glory of color and light! He knew that his heart would never rest Till his feet had reached the height. \Vith painful care and a beating breast He climbed the dangerous ground, And stood at length on the mountain-top. \Vith nothing his gaze to bound. But the clouds were still as far above. And alas! the stony peak Had never a flower or blade of grass; It was cold, and barren, and bleak. And far below was the valley sweet. \Vith its fields of waving corn, \\'ith its orchard trees and garden place, And the house where he was born. Thus from the valley of sweet Content Ambition lureth men to seek The splendid. lonely, barren place That girdles Life's most lofty peak. But oh for the pleasant valley homes! And happ_v the feet that daily pass Through woodland ways and blowing corn, And the long sweet 0l'Cll.'ll'll grass. _1.I..;-,».-I-5‘ 111~.~I.-1;. For the \'l.~lrnR. Booming Batavia Grange. The regular meeting of Batavia Grange for Sept. iiicl opened with the usual form. After roll-call the Master made a call for "new business." which was responded to by Bachelor Wilson. He arose and began to talk rather liesitat- iiigly. as though he hardly knew what he wanted to say. As he is quite a iiioralizcr. I expected he was going to give us a lecture on morality. After uttering a few sentences. he began to talk about Grange unity-sayin g the Grange could accomplish nothing unless it could act as a unit. "We must sacrifice our own pe- culiar views," said he. "for the good of the Grange. Whenever a question comes before us for settlement by vote. the result of that vote should be acquiesced in by every member: and whoso- ever would attempt to defeat the result in any manner. except by the rules of this Grange. is un- worthy the name of ‘Granger.’ " “That is very good doctrine." thought I. "but what can be his object in talking to us in this way at this particular tiiiie?“ My mind ran back over the history of our Grange. and I could think of no disagreement that would call for a lecture. Continuing, he said: "Now. let each one of us re- solve here to—night that we will sacrifice our personal prejudices and peculiar personal views to preserve the unity and harmony now existing among the members of the Grange." "VVell," thought I, “what can be coming next?" Just at this moment I noticed that a number of bachelors were seated near him, and I surmised that they were not there by acci- dent. When he would make a strong point he would swing him- self around facing them, and they would all nod assent to his views. “Now," thought I, “lie is going to spring a surprise on us. He expects opposition, but he ex- pects to win; and he is preparing the unsuccessful party to take their defeat philosophically. I looked over towards Mrs. Bowers and saw that she was expecting something unusual. "Now," said he, “we had a lit- erary contest in this Grange a few weeks ago, between the mar- ried and unmarried people. and we won the contest, and I think it about time the defeated party pay the forfeit, which was agreed upon beforehand to be a supper for the Grange. Now, I think the defeated party should open their hearts and purses and pre- pare a. supper, not only for the Grange, but for invited guests also, then we can bring in our friends and have a good time. And now, Worthy Master, I move you that the married people of this Grange prepare a. supper for its members and invited guests one week from to—night.” Now came the opposition. Mrs. Moore sprang to her feet, declar ing the motion an outrage. She would never submit to it, unity or no unity. "Every good Granger will sub- mit to a vote of the Grange," in- terrupted a. bachelor. "It is a pretty time now." con- tinued Mrs. Moore, “for the suc- cessful party to dictate terms. The terms have already been—" At this juncture Mrs. Bowers caught hold of her dress and pulled her down into at chair and a. hurried consultation followed. A note signed by Mrs. Bowers was handed to me. which read. "Vote for this motion." The yeas and nays were called and the Master declared the nio- tion carried. Mrs. Bowers took the fiooi; im- mediately and said: "I move you, Worthy Master. that every bachelor who attends , this Grange supper without a ;partner shall be fined five dol- liars." This peculiar turn of affairs had been brought about so sud- denly that the audience did not lfor. a moment fully comprehend lthe richness of the joke. But as l the proportions of the joke filial- ly dawned upon them they began ; to applaud. and the next few lmiiiutes was a scene of confusion l such as was never before witness- led in our hall. The bachelors. who had gathered around Mr. Wilson to urge him on. saw that they were badly beaten at their own game. All eyes were cen- tered oii them. Short remarks would be made by various nieni- bers which served only as an oc- casion for renewed applause. One brother wanted to know if they would be excused from pay- ing the fiiie if they brought their mothers with them. Mrs. Bowers endeavored to maintain the dignity of her posi- tion. but a stray smile would oc- casionally flit across her face in spite of her efforts to suppress it. Mr. Wilson was not to be brow- beaten in that way. Rising to his feet and making several inef- fectual efforts at clearing his throat. he began: O. A. V. [To be CoI(?‘[InLt’(l.] - ————— -- Pasturage and Drouth. The almost continuous rains. in large portions of our country. have made early summer pastur- age abundant as well as assured a large hay crop. But it is quite possible that some of the effects of those rains may be manifested in a way not looked for. These heavy, beating, long-continued rains have compacted the surface of the earth, of clay soils espe- cially, to such a degree that, should they be followed by a se- vere drouth, there may be a. ces- sation of the growth of grass, far more decidedly than if the spring had been moderately dry. To be sure, the rains have filled the subsoil with water, and in all cul- tivated crops, such as corn. beans, etc.. that soil-water can be made available by stirring the surface. But in crops in which surface cultivation is impracticable the subsoil water will be of little use. When it rises to the neigh- borhood of grass roots. the dry. hard soil will soon conduct it to the surface, whence it will pass off into the atmosphere. More- over, the pores of the soil are so completely closed by long, wash- ing rains that the air is partially excluded, and those busy assist- ants of the farmer, the microbes, which are so lively in their oper- ations in decomposing the dead vegetabie matter in the soil and aiding in new vegetable growths, become inactive, and vegetation almost ceases. Therefore, it would not be at all surprising if, before the end of July, word should go forth from among the farmers: “The pastures are all drying up ! ” Farmers will remember that last year, notwithstanding the almost continuous rains during June and July, before the first of Septem- ber, before the rains had ceased three Weeks, complaints were heard that the surface of the stubble ground was so dry and hard that it was almost impossi- ble to break it for wheat, and much of the wheat was poorly put in. E No way can be suggested to prevent such a condition of things so far as pastures. hay stubbles and grain stubbles are concerned, but row crops can be made to do their best by thorough cultiva- tion. and then if the pastures dry up there may be a large growth of corn and corn fodder to sup- plement the pastures. Townsnien, who know but little about the conditions of agricul- ture, are wont to make them- selves facetious over the croak- ing disposition of farmers. They say that farmers are always coni- plaining about the weather. One day it is too cold, another too hot. Complaiiits of too much rain have hardly ceased before complaints of drouth commence. But townsiiien have no idea how dependent farmers are upon pro- pitious weather for the produc- tion of good crops. One extreme generally follows another and vegetation suffers from both ex- tremes. Farmers have done a great deal towards mitigating the evil effects of extremes by drain- age and surface cultivation. but they have not yet succeeded in entirely overcoming such effects. The Chestnut. Nut culture is assuming more importance as an industry in this country than formerly: in fact until recently it has scarcely been attempted. Among the native nuts there are perhaps none of more importance than the chest- nut. It grovs naturally over a large portion of the United States, beginning with Kentucky and Ohio, reaching northeast to the boundary and eastward to the Atlantic ocean. The wild nut is exceedingly rich in flavor and very sweet. In these respects it is superior to the European or Asiatic strains. Moreover, our native chestnut seems to thrive much beti'.:' than’ the foreign varieties, l;E.‘."iii the ‘size if nuts the latter have the advantage. A number of varieties of our American species, C'u.s~fmuw l‘(’S‘(‘(I, have been brought to notice, and are now :propagated by grafting and budding, showing signs of a decided improvement as com- pared with the ordinary kinds found in the forests. There are in Pennsylvania. Maryland. Virginia. Ohio. Ken- tucky. Eastern Tennessee and the mountain regions of the Car- olinas and Northern Georgia, and all that part of our country lying iiorthward of the States named (except in Northern New York and a part of the New‘ England States, where the climate is not suitable) large tracts of land now yielding small returns which might be profitable if planted to chestnuts. The Pomologist of the Agricultural Department says that many old worn-out fields, which are practically Worthless in their present condition, might be thus turned to good account. The timber would be commer- cially valuable, but the nuts would bring much larger returns to the owner. Once started and cultivated for a few years, until they begin to shade the ground, the trees would require very lit- tle further attention. except to thin them out. As an article of food the chestnut is very valua- ble, but at present the prices are very high. Even the common nuts from ungrafted trees would repay the use of the land, but it would be much better to plant only grafted trees of the choicer varieties.——ll"ste'rn Rural. In 181-1, when the Thames, at London. England, was frozen, a printing establishment was set up and many collectors rejoice over a little volume entitled, “Frostina; or, a History of the River Thames in 21. Frozen State. London: Printed on the ice in the River Thames, 1814.” 3&- The governor of Canterbury gaol says: I have had 22,000 prisoners pass through my hands since I have been the governor of this gaol, but, though I have in- quired, I have not discovered one teetotaller among them. M45 SEWING MACHINE lur$15, Including One Year's Subscription to this Paper. HF..\l‘.\‘IERS, RUFFLI-ZR. Tl'CI\'ER. PACKAGE VVe have made such arrangements as enable us to otter the Chicago SINGER SEWING MACHINES at the above low rates. This machine is made af- ter the latest models of the Singer machines. and is a perfect fac simile in shape, ornamentation and appearance. All the parts are made to gauge exactly the satire as the sing in! are construct- ed of precisely the _" als. The utmost care is c.‘ r . L( in the selection of the metals used, and only the very best quality is pnrcliascd. Each machine is thoroughly well made and is fitted with the utmost nicetv and ex- actness, and no machine is permitted by the in- specter to go out of the shops until it has been frilly tested and proved to do perfect work, and run light and without noise. The Chicago Singer Macliine has a very impor- tant improvement in a Loose Balance \\"licel. so constructed as to permit winding bobbins without removing the work from the machine. EACII MACIAIINI-I IS FI'I{NISHliI) \'\'ITH THE I"OLI.0\VlNG ATT.\CH.\lENTS: OF NEEDIIES. CHECK SPRING. THROAT I~’I.ATl£, \Vl{I-LNCII, THREAD CUTTER, HINI)l£R. li0lil5lI\'S. SCREW’ l)Rl\'l£R, GAL’(_}li, GAUGE SCREW’, OIL-CAN, filled with Oil, and INSTRl’CTION li()OI-C. The driving wheel on this machine is admitted to be the simplest, easiest running and most con- venient of any. The macliine is self-threading. made of the best material. with the wearing parts hardened, and is finished in a superior style. It has veneered cover, drop-leaf table, 4 end drawers. and center swing tlrawer. The iiiaiiiifamixrt-rs warrant every machine for 5 years. They y. the money ‘ Price, including one year's subscription. S15. "Any machine not satisfactory to a subscriber, we will allow returned and will refund Sent by freight. receiver to pay cliarges. Give name of freight station if different from post-otlice address. GRANGE VISITOR, Paw Paw, Mich. Address, with the money, .lNow llothod oi Treating Disease HOSPITAL REMEDIES. \Vhat are they.’ There is a new departure in the treatment of diseases. It consists in the col- lection of the specifics used by noted specialists of Europe and America, and bringing them within the reach of all. For instance the treatment pur- sued by special physicians who treat indigestion, stomach and liver troubles only. was obtained and prepared. The treatment of other physicians, celebrated for curing catarrh was procured, and so on. till these incomparable cures now include disease of the lungs, kidneys, female weakness, rheumatism and nervous debility. This new method of “one remedy for one dis- ease" must appeal to the common sense of all sufferers, many of whom have experienced the ill effects, and thoroughly realize the absurdity of the claims of Patent Medicines which are guar- anteed to cure every ill out of a single bottle, and the use of which, as statistics prove, /uz: ruinnl more xtmmzrlzx tlmrz almlwl. A circular describing these new’,rernedies is sent free on receipt of stamp to; my postage ltuspita‘ Rel-. . Iy Compa- ny, Toronto, Canada, sole proprietors. it runs’ Plow Co. (JulyrrwpoI2.' at ll’/mltwrllu 1’rL':'cs. Oldest Plow Works in N. Y. State. . All Sizes of Field Plows, Subsoil, Ditching, Gang and Potato Plows. See our P.loWs_-Before Buying. OUR POTATO PLOVV is the best billing plow in the market, worth double any shovel plow in use. Buy no other. OUR GANG PLOVVS for Vineyard, Orchard, Hops and Small Fruit culture have no equal. Takes the place of Field Cultivator, and for fal- low plowing do better work than any other im- plement. Write at once for circulars and prices. You run no risk in buying of us. SATISFACTION GUARANTEED IN EVERY CASE. Address, Phelps Chilled Plow Works, Phelps, N. Y. IMPORTED CLEVELAND BAYS. Our sales this year have been satisfactory, and we still have for sale thirty or more registered service- able stallions, with fine style and action, that could make their owners large and sure profits in any county in Southern Michigan. The demand in- creases each year for horses that are sound, having the size, style, color, endurance and action of the Cleveland Bays. Our farmers have been breeding trotting and heavy horses to the neglect of line couch and General Purpose llorses, un- til the latter are scarce and command good prices. No other breedproinises so sure profit. They cross well with any breed and stamp their characteristics upon every colt. From one stallion we got 68 buy colts in one year and every one sound. CLEVELAND BAY HORSE C0., Paw Paw. Mich. I I u I \Ve beg to draw your attention to our Russian and India Hemp Binder Twines, which we con- sider the best and cheapest goods in the market, the Russian having a breaking strain of from ninety (90) to one hundred and twenty (l20)lbs. and a length of five hundred and twenty-five (525) feet to one (1) 1b.; the India breaks at seventy (70) lbs. and runs five hundred (500) feet to one (1) pound. Many of our friends were, last sea- son, afraid to risk buying or using what was to them an unknown arti- cle, and for their benefit we will glad- ly mail, on application, circular C()Il- taining a few of the many testimo- nials sent and entirely without solic- itation on our part. These we value more particularly from the fact of their being the result of actual ex- perience with our twine on the field. PRICES: 1i’11.szs-it/N Ifcmp, pm‘ 10., - 1.3 1-34‘. India I10)/zp, pm‘ /0., - - 11¢‘. F. O. B. cars, Philadelphia. Te-rms~‘2 per cent. cash in 11) days from date of invoice. To insure prompt delivery, it is advisable that all orders be placed with us as early as possible, stating desired date of shipment. For further particulars address John T. Bailey &. Co.. 1136 and 1138 Market St., Philadelphia, Pa. I003 AI IIIIS Iflllllllllllfllll lllll our llilllllllll llllllll vlsiiui FOR $1.50. To all who pay for the same in ad- vance, Tirr-; TRUE l\I(>l:’l‘lll-JRNEIC and GR.\.\'on Visrron will be furnished for one year at one dollar and fifty cents. THE TRUE Noitrni-:RxER is the leading and official paper of Van Buren county, is located in the finest ollice, and has larger facilities for all kinds of newspaper work than any other paper in Western Michigan. The GRANGE VISITOR is published by the proprietors of THE TRUE NORTHERNER, and has the largest circulation in this State, of any farm paper west of Detroit. The TRUE Nonriii-irmnn alone, $1.50 The GRANGE VISITOR alone, - .50 Remember that by paying one year in advance, you secure both or these publications for the regular price of Tun Nonrni-:1txEit—$1.5O. SEMINARY. MICHIGAN FEMAI ...........,,....... Opens Sept 11. ’9o. College, Preparatory and ad- vanced courses of study. Fine advantages iu Music and Art. Steam heat. Pass'gerElevator. Send for catalogue No. L. ISABELLA G. FRENCH, Prin. 4 THE G-CHANG-E VISITOR. August 1, 1890. THE GRANGE VISITOR. Published on the lSli1l‘ld 15th of every month. A T 50 C ]:‘.\"l/‘S PIER A.\'.V(;'.l[. A. C. (}LlDI)E.\'. Editor and Dlamtger, PAW PAW, MICH. §Remittenc¢-s should be by Registered Letter, Money Order or Draft. 7 Entered at tliVeP(Tst-0:1-ce atPAa—w Paw, Micli., as Second Class Matter. To Subscribers. Remittances may be made to us by postal note. money order. or registered letter. If you re- ceive copies of the paper beyond yo11r time of subscription. it is our loss, not yours. We aim to send every number of the paper for the time paid for. then strike out the name if not renewed. Renewals made promptly are a matter of much convenience. and we respectfully solicit such. that no numbers be lost to you. Advise this office at once of a change in your address. or if numbers fail to reach you. -—----——eoc—} — Political Status of the Grange. Grange Homes recently publish- ed the following from the pen of the State Grange Lecturer of Maine. Would it not be well for Patrons everywhere to read and act upon its suggestions? ATTEND THE CAUC-USES AND CONVENTIONS. VVhile the order of Patrons of Husbandry is a non-political -or- ganization. yet its pledges cover and require faithfulness to ones own individual interests. This can only mean that. in their sev- eral parties. Patrons are t-o labor to place in nomination and secure the election of those who will faithfully and earnestly labor to advance the true interests of ag- riculture. This is one's duty. and this order can do as much as any organization in this direc- tion. Under the stress of the most urgent motives. it urges loyalty to one's own convictions and interests. It antagonizes no political affiliation. but empha- sizes such, urging only that the members act as they preach. and in their own party organizations labor to secure the benefits pos- sible. No organization can do more unless it is founded with the one thought of uniting farmers for special political action out- side present party lines. The Grange says. work within your own party organizations for the success of what you think right and just. Labor as republicans and democrats to place in nom- ination. and then to elect only those who recognize and will fos- ter agricultural interests. Sup- port candidates whom you can trust. Do all this while you stand true to your political pref- erences and principles, for then no matter which party wins. the end desired will be secured. and this is what we are laboring for. All that is necessary is that farmers make their power felt in the primaries. that they attend the caucuses and work for men to represent their interests. 'These conventions and caucus- es, then. should be the camping ground of the Patrons of Maine. He who neglects to attend these has no one to blame but himself if the results are not satisfactory. If we are to build up a farmers‘ party upon a farmers’ platform. then there is need of an organi- zation pledged to that special work. and it will be necessary that men break entirely with old associates and organize under a new banner and new leaders. but ' this is not the mission of the Grange. Its sphere of action is to arouse its members to loyalty to their own in- terests and faithful labor in their own party organizations. A man can be just as true a Patron in one party as in another. There never was a time when there was such an earnest de- mand for consecrated effort as today, and the worth of the or- der in helping to this is every- where recognized. Permanent results will depend upon faith- fulness to the obligations taken. The next few months should be fruitful to the Patrons of Maine, and will be if each one will act within his own party in harmony with the declaration of purposes of the order. Seed Wheat. quently mowed to represent pas- It is always profitable for farm- turing off. . and compared with ers to make inquiries of threshers the permanent pasture. both by as to the Variety of wheat giving weight. to determine the amount the best yields on soils of like of grass produced by the differ- character with his own. A sin- lent methods. As will be sur- gle instance of a heavy yield islmised by experienced farmers. not a sure guaranty that a repe- newly seeded grass has the ap- tition will follow in the ha1'\'est;pea1‘a11ce of furnishing at least of next year. A single season may three times the bulk and weight be especially favorablefora given ‘ of hay that the permanent mead- variety. and gain for it a reputa- ow will afford. The bulletin soon tion which it fails to sustain an- ;to be issued by Dr. Beale will other year. The safest varietyigive these comparisons. and We for the main crop is one thatjwill not attempt to anticipate it. trial has proved to be suited to‘but give our readers what ap- certain soils and locations for alpearances seem to indicate will term of years. Avoid frequentjbe the result: changes. induced by the promis-E, Very many of the wild marsh ing yield of some new kind. Ex- “grasses have been sown and are periment in a small way to prove growing by themselves in these the claims of a variety. Asandy lplats to test their value under loam is best fitted for some of zcivilized culture. A great many the white wheats, while heavy,foreign grasses are also being clay soils give better yields for tried. especially those that prove the red varieties. Sow only clean 5. valuable on their native soil, but seed. and not more than five Eno very promising variety has pecks per acre on well—prepared yet been discovered that will take soil. and less if the fertility iszthe place of and gain favor for somewhat reduced. Thick seed- lqualities superior to our common ing on thin soil makes short kinds. Several varieties of the straw and small heads. with little l chess family. which are sown for wheat in them. Thinner seedingghay in Russia and other coun- will give good length of straw. ltries. are here no better than our with heads of good size and well lpoor plant with the transmutable filled. reputation. - —<~o—» Some effort is here being made Grasses at the Ag’1 College. ‘-to improve grasses by selection; It is said that grass is the basis and the seeds of superior samples of agriculture. which. if not who1- late saved and SOWI1 by them- ly true. it is one of the pillars;Se1\'eS. to See if the qualities upon which the foundation of ag- i which mark them as finer than riculture rests. Having faith in gtheir kin can be transmitted and the axioms above stated. Prof. lbecome permanent. Somc of the Beal and his then assistant. Eu-“1Tom Thumb kinds of grass are gene Davenport. (since Professor being tested for their value as a of Agriculture). laid out 5% acres 3. lawn grass: a dwarf kind of red of land near the college buildings top from Russia is very promis- on which to test a large numbering. of both native and foreign grass- One frequently sees a grass on es. to determine by experimentjhis farm that seems to be a sort their comparative values and tolof tramp—_an astray; but here consider sgenek other economic stands th_,p'ty fee,,t_..§q‘ua1‘e of it on questions in connection with‘trial. With ‘ct bi0gI"cl»ph€I‘ at hand them. The plat is a triangulariwho can give its name and lin- shaped piece of ground. calledjeage. Here was a squareof yar- “the delta." of rather heavy clay row. and we were surprised to soil. well overlaid with meadow mold, making a very suitable place for the experiments. At the small end of the triangle. a third of an acre was prepared and sown to a mixture of eighty- five kinds of grasses. to test them in a scramble for first place and “ the survival of the fittest." Timothy, like Ben-Adhem‘sname, “led all the rest.“ with medium and mammoth clover following as second and third in the above order. Here and there would be seenastalk of alfalfa; orchard grass was more plenty; alsike showed where a chance was giv- en for elbow room~—it seemed to serve the purpose of filling up the gaps: tall oat-grass. meadow fes- cue. June grass. foul meadow and red top had about an equal share in the occupancy of the ground. The seeds might not have had equal opportunities. or more of some might have ger- minated than of others, but the othy, and his prime minister is medium clover. Another question sought to be solved was, Whether permanent pasture or meadow was prefera- ble to plowing. cropping and re- seeding. A. piece of the ground is therefore left in its original condition as meadow in three dif- ferent places—the poorest, the average and the best—to com- pare with adjoining plats where the ground had been cultivated and re-seeded. The plats were laid off in squares of 30 feet each, and a square rod of fully grown grass, cut from the center of each of the several varieties, is weighed and compared with a square rod of the permanent meadow. Other plats are fre- king for this kind of soil is tim-‘ llearn that in some parts of En- lirope it is grown as a «pasture ‘grass and to turn under as a fer- 3-tilizer. Ribbon grass. that we. las a boy. frequently attempted ‘to match. without success. was here growing beside its own bro- ther from our marshes. clad in a prosier dress of green and with a statelier stem.‘ The stripes. we learned, had come by cultivation and domestication. Here were sods from the lawn of the grounds of the agricultural college of Connecticut growing our familiar white clover. and June grass. and red top. Other sods of blue grass from Kentucky, here losing its distinctive charac ter to become only June grass—— nothing more. Timothy grass from Russia is just plain plebian timothy here. and so many of these foreigners. with some claims to distinction at home. lose their titles when planted be- side our native grasses for com- parison. Many of these varieties are “just grass" to the majority of,farmers. who would be greatly benefitted by a study of their pe- culiarities and character. -—-——-—-<+>& — On the Road. Take the overalls off a farmer. put him into store clothes and set him down at a railroad depot with a grip in his hand. and he may. nowadays, easily be taken for a commercial traveler. but never for an editor. He must get into the swim with the fraternity and be labeled with its badge before he is recognized. There is no distinctive mark or brand that separates him from the crowd. Look a lot of them over and pick out your ideal editor if you can. Two hundred and twenty-five of these specimens of conglomerat- ed humanity started from Sagin- aw on the morning of July 19th. over the Michigan Central for Cheboygan. on the Michigan side of the straits of Mackinaw. At Grayling the citizens called us off the train with a brass band and fed the multit-ude, with every appearance of there being many basketfuls left. Perhaps the Experimental farm. located there. has stimulated production to a degree that will warrant such generosity. That it exists at Grayling none doubted after the experience of the day. At Gaylord. Otsego county, the highest point in the state. we began the descent of 800 feet to- ward the straits. For half the distance we ran at the rate of 70 miles an hour, a higher speed than is pleasant over a winding road. At Cheboygan more brass bands and all the rigs of the town out to show us the magnifi- cent prospects for its future as a center of trade and commerce. Here we staid over night. as- signed to free hotels. and were treated to a musical banquet in the evening. Here one gets a sniff of northern Michigan ozone which comes free to editors like all other delicacies of the season. There are two well known river routes noted for a days ride over them—the Hudson and the St. Lawrence; but there are really three of equal merit when the St. Marys is added from Che- boygan to the Soo. touching at St. Ignace. Mackinac Island and Detour. The scenery is con stantly changing and changing. and as it becomes better known will be thronged with travelers. The Soo was reached at T p. m.. and a crowd of citizens thronged the wharf. Here is enough of interest to fill a page of the VIS- ITOR. The locks, the rapids. the water power, the Canada canal in process of construction. Hay Lake channel, where our govern- ment is expending >}‘«2.000.000 in deepening and making it naviga- ble. thus shortening the distance from the Soo to Detour about 13 miles. The locks are of cut stone, 515 feetjlong by 80 feet in breadth and 16 feet deep. New locks are being built by the gov- ernment which will be 1000 feet long by 100 feet in width. pass- ing vessels with a draught of 20 feet. 6 inches. During the month of June. 1890, 1,413,000 tons of freight were carried through the locks. being the largest monthly record yet made. The heaviest day's business was on May 26, when 74,686 tons passed through. The average time spent by ves- sels passing the locks in 35 min- utes. During the year ending June 30th. last, the agricultural pro- ducts passmg the Soo have been: Wheat, 19,459,796 bushels; flour, 2,592.73:'5 barrels; other grains. 2.732.698 bushels. An average of 60 boats pass the locks every 24 hours. Frequently there are three boats in the looks at one time. and not amoment passes but that some are in sight or locking through. The length of the proposed water power canal is miles: head of water 18 feet, with Lake Superior. con- taining 32,000 square miles. for a mill pond. The S00 is a place of great possibilities, mostly in the future. It has acres of ozone to each inhabitant. and for four or five months in summer it feels ju- bilant and exultant. What it does or says the remainder of the time, since the boom bubble is pricked, nobody knows. The Northern Pacific railroad crosses the St. Mary’s river here over an immense iron bridge just at the I head of the rapids. By the way. shooting the rapids in an Indian canoe directed by an Indian is the fad for strangers at the Soo. " Poor Lo" reckons on it consid- erably during the season, and fills his pipe and feeds his family on the 75 cents per head duty which he levies. We got a few drops of river water on our person. which was all the trace of imminent danger we experienced. but out of this we might build a tragic tale of peril as others have done. The agent of the N. P. R. R. here met us with four Pullman sleepers. which we filled on the evening of the 21st and started for Iron Mountain. a compara- tively new mining town on the Menominee river. Our idea that iron ore was located among bar- ren. rocky ranges of hills was wrong. Here are no surface in- dications such as we supposed. The hills are wooded or covered with verdure. but no attempts are being made to develop the agricultural resources. They all seem satisfied with the possibili- ties under. rather than above ground. Here are located the Chapin. the Ludington and the Hamilton mines. said to be the largest in the world. Three miles out from the city, at Me- nominee Falls. is the largest plant for compressing air. in the world. This compressed air is carried in an iron pipe four miles long and 24 inches in diameter inside. At every 500 feet is an expansion joint that slips to maintain the level of the tube. which would be pushed out of place by the expansion of heat if pulled apart by the contraction of cold. These joints cost $600 each. The whole plant cost over half a million of dollars. and sup- plies compressed air for running the drills and engines in the mines. There are eight immense compressing cylinders. whose motive power is furnished by four turbine wheels 72 inches in diameter under a head of 5;") feet of water power. Iron Mountain is bound to be- come a large mining town. It is pleasantly located. has a set of enterprising citizens. and the pay roll of the several mines is 000 per week. a sum that of it- self must furnish the support of a vast deal of trade. We were treated very handsomely by the citizens of Iron Mountain—driven to and from the mines to the falls. provided for at the hotels and en- tertained at a banquet in the evening. For a person with an inquiring mind. with a Yankee proclivity for asking questions. Iron Mountain is a good place to gain information. Geologists. chemists and mining engineers are run against without looking or advertising for. and they are crammed full of iron lore and can say something incidentally of Iron Mountains prospects. Our train pulled out for St. Paul at 9:80 p. m.. at which place our next letter will begin. ._‘-,E Farmers’ Four Days Outing. The Grange picnic at Benton Harbor, occurring the last week in August, promises to be a nota- ble affair. The managers say they "expect to do everybody good,” and have procured as speakers for the occasion Broth- ers Luce. Brigham, Mayo. Wood- man and others. They invite everybody to "come with blank- ets and four days’ rations.” é*%—<4-D}-— — ’ In connection with the sugges- tion that the Chinese government. may retaliate against the United States by excluding Americans from China, the Hon. John Rus- sell Young's article in the Aug- ust North American Review will be read with interest. August 1, 1890. TI-IE GRANGE VISITOR. 5 Communications. Midsummer. The roadside grasses with the dust are gray; The air above them quivers with the heat; The bright. oppressive glare of day ls felt \vhere‘er the golden sunbcams beat. The dusky millwheel‘s labored sound is dead; Vv’hile, shrinking in its reedy bed, the stream Has dwindled to a silver thread; Its murtnuring voice is heard as in a dream. A single line, which here is dusky bright, Ac.'o;s the ancient rotti lg dim it s ips And sparkling breaks, a jeweled light Fpon the edge where now a \vild rose dips. The shadow from the empty. idle mill. Upon the wet weeds far below lies cool: And all unbroken, black and still, Doth stretch above the shallow, stagnant pool. A vine of _vcllo\v blossoms. in a net Hath caught the crumbling wheel of mossy green, I \\'hile in and out. all rank and wet. The burdock's dark, broad leaves do push be- tween. Full low and brooding seems the hot. still sky: The air is heavy laden with perfume; On fiutt'ring wings a dragon fly Through glaring sunlight seeks the slumbrous gloom. — - --m+>—— —-- -- The Fa.rmer‘s Boy. V\'ritten for and read at the meeting of Traverse District Grange No. 17. June irth—t2th. and sent to the Gi<.«.~zt;t-:\'ts1rok for publication by re- quest of the Grange, by Mrs. E. M. Voorhees. I always like to see a boy con- tented on the farm. It is a sign that his father cares more for his children than he does for his horse or ox. which he feels he must work to pay for their keep- 1ng. Many farmers tnake slaves of their sons. By "slaves" I mean they are not satisfied until they do a full days work——not one day, but every day. Not any wages, no. sir; though they strain their young muscles to the breaking down point to keep up with the hired cradlers in the harvest field. Many a boy has been ruined for life trying to "keep up" with his father and his hired hands. Fathers, how often do you praise your boys? How often do you make promises that are never fulfilled? It is so hard to hand over the dollars that you can keep yourself. It is so easy to sell the fat steer the boy call his. and pocket the money! “Father gave me that colt. I trained him; I drove him: I was proud of him. Somebody offered him a big price and he sold l1in1, but I did not get acent." Oh. how discouraging a life on the farm to the boy who could say this! Can he love or respect a father who could so wrong and deceive 1lS child. and all for a little money? Can he love the good old farm when virtually a slave on it‘: It is no wonder this farmer's boy is awkward. If he goes into company at all. ten to one that his clothes are shabby and ill- fitting. He has no schooling worth a cent. Too much learn- ing would make him discontented and spoil him for a farmer. It really seems to be the custom with some old farmers to send the poorest, palest, slenderest boy they have to college and make of him a lawyer. a doctor. or, best of all, a minister. I never knew one of them boys to leave school and settle down to farm it for a living. unless he had to. It is a pity that when a child shows a hankering after any par- ticular line of business. he cannot be allowed to educate or train himself for that calling. I mean. of course. any honest calling or trade short of going to sea or keeping a saloon. I believe there would be more good. kind and loving farmers if they would do the fair thing by their children; encouraging them to stay at home, and help them when they are growing by paying them small sums regularly for their work. Be these sums never so small. there will be bred in these children a spirit of inde- pendence and of love for the pa- rent and for the home. I ask you, fathers and mothers. would you be happy if in so de- pendent a position as are some of your children? No matter how hard or how disagreable the work. not a cent do they get but what is grudgingly given. They feel like paupers. and no wonder. for the little they do get has to be begged for. And all because he is your boy and you raised him. Why. you are so glad to give a. neighbors boy eight. ten or twenty dollars a month. ac- cording to age. and he don't work any harder than your boy does. No. sir; and the hired boy spends his money as he pleases. with no one to say him nay. and your boy knows it. I don't say that a boy should have all he earns before he is twenty-one. but why not give him a little along to encour- age him? Now. speaking from a purely business point of view, wouldn't a boy. if he had a stated sum of money given him at certain inter- vals. with the express under- standing that. as he earned that money. it is unqualifiedly his. to spend for clothing or other needs as he wishes to. with nobody to hinder, wouldn‘t this in itself be a good business course for your boy? By working hard for his money. he would be careful how he spent it. He wouldn‘t be easi- ly fooled. either. after doing his own purchasing a few times. He would be more saving of his money as wages than as a dona- tion. You could easily encourage your boy to invest his surplus cash in some way that will in- crease his little store year by year. which he will think of with pride and pleasure while lJl‘11( g- ing along after the plow. It is a -good thing to have something cheerful to think about. you know: then he won’t be wishing for the old man to die so he can get hold of some property of his own. He will know better how to take care of it when he does get it. These "greenhorn heirs" are the gudgeons that the sharp- ers are fishing for. and they get them. too. Ihave known more than one fine homestead squan- dered by the boy who inherited it. because he didn‘t know any- thing about earning money or taking care of it after he did earn it. If a boy earns what he gets he will be more careful how he spends it. He will acquire habits of calculation how to make good bargains; how to be independent. and will feel as though he was somebody. and not a mere beg- garly slave. "Oh!" I hear somebody say. "give the boys pay for their work. and ten to one they will go to the bad-gamble and drink and do all manner of wicked things." I don't believe it; boys on the farm usually have to work hard. which helps to keep them out of mischief. especially if they are taught by their parents to re- strain their lower instincts and that the way of the transgressor is hard. So. do be company for your children. mothers. do be compa- ny for your boys. Do take the time from your work to talk to them and play and visit with them: go with them to interest- ing places: read with them inter esting books, and talk to them about what you read. Believe me. mothers. this time is well spent. Study their tastes and gratify. if you can, their inno- cent wishes. Ask company to meet them at your homes — such companions as you know to be good for them to associate with. If you make their home pleasant and agreeable. do you think these boys will want to go to sea or be cowboys? To the boys I would say: There is not much made on the farm now—a—days -— sometimes hardly enough to keep it in running or- der; but there is where home is, and that is. for you, the safest place in the world. and your mo- ther is by all odds your truest friend and safest confident. Boys. don’t ask too much. As I said before. farming is not just now a very paying business. It is dull; but don't get stupid. if you can help it. Do try to excel if you raise nothing but potatoes. Come to the Grange and tell us all about it. That is an educa- tion in itself. Brothers and sisters. encour- age your boys to join the Grange. ED. VISITOR: In the VISITOR of May 15 I see. under the head of "A Prac- tical Question and a Practical Answer.” the question asked: “Of what use are such studies as algebra and geometry to my son who intends to farm?" Now. I have a word to offer. This sub- ject of education is one of vast importance, as no one will deny, but greater still is the quest-ion of making each one's education especially adapted to his or her natural ability, and following the course -in which they will best succeed. We know it is often the case that the young man who starts out in life fully deter- I mined to be a farmer or a. smith, . will meet with something to change his course entirely. He may be naturally fitted for some other business. which may have such an influence upon him as to cause him to drop the old and follow the new. requiring an en- tirely different course of training. Hence a course of study in school that brings to each pupil the greatest amount of practical information relating to the differ- ent branches of science and in- d'istry—beginning with the more common branches being. we think. the propercourse to pursue. I would not drop algebra or geom- etry from the education of the farmer or day laborer. for these studies greatly strengthen the foundation for solid reasoning. which makes the solid man. But when we have attained this much then comes before us another question: What special course shall I pursue—am I to be a day laborer. a tradesman. a farmer? If so I may stop here, taking up my life work on the farm or in the factory. If I am to be alaw- yer. doctor. minister. astronomer. historian or teacher. then I must take up those studies especially suited to the businessl am to fol- low: and here is a point worthy of consideration: In our graded schools are taught German. French. etc.. simple language. a knowledge of which in no way adds to the reasoning power and language Which not more than one in ten or twenty of our young men and women will ever have occasion to use. at least sufficient- ly to make it practical. to say nothing of Latin and the dead languages. I strongly favor the dropping of all foreign and dead languages from the regular course of study. leaving them to specialists. there- by giving more time to the study of science and nature and to the acquiring of a general knowledge of the country in which we live. thereby placing our reasoning faculties at their best and more fully preparing us for that strug- gle which is for all who earn their bread by the sweat of their brow. H. L. CHAPMAN. VVhite Pigeon. ;\;Iich. , _ __¢..___ . FREMONT. Newaygo Co.. I July 17th. ti ED. Visrron: Saturday June 1-tth. Fremont Grange. No. -194, had previously arranged to have a picnic dinner in the grove for the children. but the weather being unfavorable were obliged to assemble at the Hall where a feast was served to nearly one hundred children. after which they assembled in the Hall where a. programme had been arranged. the children and some of the older ones doing themselves credit in their recita- tions. Brother and Sister Dan Mallery enlivened the occasion by their music both vocal and instrumental, all did their part to render the occasion both pro- fitable and pleasant. after friendly greetings we parted to meet one year hence. BELLE WHITE. MOLINE. Micl1.. July 22. ED. VISITOR: Moline Grange No. 248 is tak- ing a vacation. and hopes after the six weeks‘ adjournment to meet, with renewed vigor. to dis- cuss ways and means to help, though in a small way. the great uprising for the laboring classes. Surely something must be done. and when the public mind is fully aroused on subjects before the people to-day, and all help as one man. shoulder to shoulder. to better the farmer. then will be seen much good accomplished. We were much pleased and we hope much benefited by reading the resolutions from different Granges. and noticing the earn- estness and persistence that have ever been the mark of the “true blue. dyed in the wool" Patrons. It needs no prophets eye to see in the near future a. better time for all who toil for their daily bread, if (what a big word) all will act wisely. only use their votes to put men in office who have our best interests at heart, not by the depth of his purse. Let the native nobility of charac- ter outweigh a record as politi- cian or millionaire. . makes. MRS. E. L. 0., Correspond- ent, Moline Grange No. 248. The Twine Trust—Its Last Desper- ate Resort. On Thursday. July 24. I was in Chicago, and curious to learn the ins and outs of the binding twine deal of Montgomery Ward & Co.. I called at their place of business on Michigan avenue. and inter- ‘ viewed Mr. VVard. This concern. handling annu- ally large quantities of twine. has antagonized the twine trust? from the date of its organization. and this year determined to way- lay the trust at whatever cost. Early in June the firm mailed circulars by thousands. offering to sell on cash orders half sisal and half manila twine for ten cents. and refund to all patrons who had bought of them at a higher price this season. the dif- ference between the price paid and ten cents. This circular alarmed the agents of the trust. and here is a specimen of defensive lying en- titled to the blue ribbon in any well contested field. I was shown the clipping from the Itcgistcr and the letter of Lynch Bros, which i are here given: ROCK VALLEY, Ia.. July 20. Mnssas. MoNTGoMERy WARD & Co.——Dear Sirs: You will find inclosed a clipping taken from our town paper in regard to your twine. Now, I think it requires an answer from you. as I think it a great injustice. We re- ceived our twine and were never better pleased as to quality and price. The same would cost us 15 cents here. Yours resp'y. LYNCH BROS. From the In-_r/i.s-tm', Rock Val- ley. Iowa: The report reaches us that Montgomery Ward & Co. have lately canvassed this part of the state for binding twine. re- ceiving many orders. Now. when the time comes for delivery they are not only short. but what they have sent out is a very inferior article. To make the trouble still worse. it is too late to place orders with the regular dealers, and many farmers will thereby be put to much incon- venience and loss. How much longer will this sort of business continue‘! The 1.’<'_(/z'.s-tor grows weary in its ceaseless and hon- - est endeavors to bring patrons to a realizing sense of losses they are sustaining by patronizing- these "snaps." At home, where best known. Montgomery Ward & Co. do not pretend to do busi- ness. In their advertising they state specifically. "City trade not solicited." one individual wishes to joke an- other about a new hat. a watch. or any other late purchase. they cap the climax by asking if they “bought it at Montgomery Ward & Co‘s." This sort of lying was quite as foolish as wicked. as the books of Montgomery VVard & Co. show that more than 100 of their cus- tomers get their mail at the Rock Valley postoffice. That ten cent offer brought a shower of orders for the half- and-half twine. 15 and July 10 their sales were‘ 125 car-loads of that brand. be- sides large quantities of other To handle this trade, on orders from one bale to a car- load. required a large force work- ed night and day. That some mistakes were made. was to be expected. but the many compli—1 mentary letters received, indi- - cates that the management was, admirable. when time and volume 3 of business is taken into account. The firm is still shipping to the north-west large quantities of hemp twine at nine cents per pound. and reports very generally agree that the hemp is giving satisfaction. As flax and hemp are readily produced in this country, this substitute for imported stock will enlarge the field of agricultural productions if it proves satisfactory, as I hope it may. The burning at Minneapolis. on the 15th of July. of a ware- house containing nearly 1,000 tons of binding twine belonging to the Twine Trust. was the sav- ing event of the years business of the Trust. as in that fiery mar ket Insurance Companies were made cash customers of a stock much of which would have been carried over but for the fire. J. T. COBB. Schoolcraft. July 26. ————H———— -o 9 > »4——--— Literary Note from the “Century." At the time of Gen. Fremontfs In Chicago. if. Between June ‘ }death he was engaged upon the manuscript of a paper for Tim (.2-22111:;-lg/‘.9 forthcoming series on the California Gold Hunters. It was to be entitled "Finding Paths to California.“ and was not only to deal with the several explor- ing expeditions. but to narrate the writer's intimate connection with the events which led to the jconquest and occupation of the territory. The work will be promptly continued by Mrs. Fre- mont. A first draft of the article had been made. and the subject had been so recently and closely discussed by General and Mrs. Fremont that she will have no trouble in completing the manu- script. for which she has already written an introduction. as well as a supplement describing her life at Monterey in 1849. A fine portrait of General Fremont from a daguerreotype of ‘-19 or 230 will appear in the September number of The (,-'c22fury. along with por- traits of Commodores Sloat and Stockton. “Duke“ Gwin and Gov. Burnett. in an article giving ac- count of “How California Came into the Union." ,____<,,_, -. Church's Bug Finish. Bug Finish is an important and valuable discovery. as it affords a way by which Paris Green. the most effective of bug poisons can be safely used. It was discover- ed by the inventor of Bug Finish that by grinding and uniting Paris Green into a base-like Gypsum. as is done in making Bug Finish. the Green would not effect the vines or make the po- tatoes watery. Every consumer of potatoes will testify to the fact that late potatoes, as a rule. are watery or soggy and quite un- palatable. as compared with the mealy potatoes we once had: it has now been proven that this is caused by the use of Paris Green | in water. or by applying particles gof clear Green in any way. such {as simply stirring it into plaster. Elime and other bases. whereby the plaster simply acts as a car- ‘rier to distribute the Green, and ii the small particles of Green go on \the vines in a clear state: during l certain stages of growth. the clear ‘Green inters the fiber of the vine land effects the potatoes. as ex- lplained. ; A very thin dust of Bug Finish :On the vines or trees is sufficient lto kill all of the crop of insects ithen existing on the vines. and it iremains on the vines for many ldays. except where very heavy 7rains occur and sometimes until other crops of the insects are hatched and distroyed. Bug Finish is composed of Sulphate of Lime (Gypsum) with a little rye flour to make it stick. with one pound and six ounces of Pure Paris Green to each 100 pounds of the above mixture. the whole compound is reduced Very fine and thoroughly combined by patent process. so that every grain of the whole mass is suffi- ciently poisonous that a small amount will kill any insect the same as though it had eaten pure paris green. hence only a very slight dust is necessary, making it cheaper than any other lknown preparation. unless it is , Paris Green and water. and when lthe expense of handling and ap ‘ plying so much water is consider ed the Bug Finish is fully as cheap, and if the difference in effective- ness and QUALITY or POTATOES ‘ is taken into account. Paris Green and water will not be considered in comparison at all. Bug Finish is also a fertilizer, will help the growth of the vines, instead of retarding their growth, as does water and Green, espec- ially when the water is applied in the middle of the day. One pound of Bug Finish will prove more effective than six times the amount of plaster and Paris Green as mixed by the farmers. In addition to the sav- ing in this way. its saves the time of mixing. is safe to handle and does not injure the potatoes. No farmer should allow a pound of clear Paris Green to be brought on his farm. ALABASTINE Co.. GRAND RAPIDS, MICH. ,. ._j¢oo___- L Consumption Surely Cured. To THE EDITOR:—— Please inform yourreadersthat l havea positive remedy for above named disease, By its timely use thousands of hopeless cases have been perina- nently cured. I shall be glad to send two bottles of my remedy FREE to any of your readers who have consumption, if they will send me their ex- press and P. 0. address. Respectfully, T. A. SLOCUM, D. D., 181 Pearl St., New York. THE G-IE7-2..A.].\TC3u‘-El VISITOR. August 1, 1890. ‘iabics’ Department. August. Now Nature sits with folded hands, As resting from the busy year, While o'er the wide and teeming lands She contemplates the goodly cheer She gives; all energizing powers Lie mute and still. and drowsy hours Move noiselessly, their jocund moods And songs foregoing; in deep woods And fields a slutnb'rous silence broods Unbroken, save by beetle's drone And o'erfed bees‘ dull monotone. Or leaves’ low rustle as they make A pathway for the gliding snake. The patient cows seek shadows cool, That stretch themselves like giants prone Along the edges of the pool- And midst the waters stand knee deep, lu dreamy, semi-conscious sleep. Birds sing no more, but on the hill The tendcr plaint of whip-poor—will, \\’ho.\telling oft hcr woeful tale, Lingcrs full late after her time, While at slow intervals the chitne Of shccp bells in the distant vale Falls on the car like tuneful rhyme, Lulling the senses. till in idle dreams. VVe half forget the real in the thought of that which seems. . — '//1/' xlu/t'rz.'tn1 .lltzgtt.:1m'. ._{_—4o.o——-:——— The Ideal. I think the song that's sweetest Is the song that's never sung, That lies at the heart of the singer Too grand for mortal tongue. And sometitnes in the silence Between the day and night, He fancies that its measures Bid farewell to the light. A fairy hand from drcamland Bcckons us here and there. And when we stt ive to clasp it It vanishes into air. And thus our fair ideal liloztts away just before. And we with longing spirits Reach for it cvcrniore. . . , V W.-4-->— ——- - - If We Knew. Could we but draw back the curtains That surround each othcr‘s livt-s, See the naked lieait zmtl spirit. know what spur the action gives. Often we should tind it ht:ttcr— Purcr than we judge “'1. should; \\'e should love each other better If we only understood. Could we judge all deeds by motives, See the good and bad within. Often we should love the sinner All the while we lozithe the sin. Could we know the powers working To overthrow integrity. \Ve should judgc each other's errors \\'ith more patient charity. If we knew the cares and trials, Knew the effort all in vain, .-\nd the bitter disappointment- L'uderstood the loss and gain— \\'ould the grim external roughness Set-in, I wonder, just the same? Should we help where now we hinder? Should we pity where we blame? Ah! we judge each other harshly. Knowing not lift-'s hidden force; linowing not the fount of action ls less turbid at its source. Set-ing not amid tht- evil All the golden grains of good‘. Oh! wt-‘d l\>\'t; L‘.lt‘ll other better lt \\'L‘ onlv undt-rstood. —4¢o>—— To the Golden West and Return. A l{E.\1l.\'lS‘L'ENCE. Pap:-r I'l‘..'l(l lit-l'ore .\.ntw<-rp;u1d Paw Paw l<‘.'irni- L-is’ Club. June 5. by .\11s. ll. ll. \\'oodInun. Having traveled over 10.000 miles through the most beautiful and picturesque portion of the world; been shown what brain and muscle could do in producing frotn barren plains the vine which yields the finest of wines and raisins. the trees that hold out temptingly the golden orange and beautiful foliage, the fig, olive. nectarine, apricot, strawberries, and almost all other fruits that grow in any clinic; where the roses bloom the year round amid other flowering plants whose fra- grance fills the air; where nectar and ambrosia intoxicates; where the men are noble and generous, the ladies beautiful and refined~— all striving to impress upon the stranger that there is nothing this side of Heaven that can com- pare with this country and cli- mate, and that the good Lord made this place for His people to behold the Garden of Eden and have a foretaste of Paradise. 1 will glean a few items from my note book, penned while passing around and through this charmed circle: At the Garden of the Gods, near Manitou, the eye is attract- ed by the wonderful formations of red sandstone, caused by the action of the wind, representing miles of grotesque figures of ani- mals and men; and Balance Rock, with its hundreds tons of weight resting upon its base of only a few feet, surrounded by greater hights of light and dark gray granite, interspersed with moun- tain sage, scrub pines and live oak. while high above all towers Pike’s Peak, as a sentinel. No wonder there is a legend that this Sylvan retreat was held sacred by the red man, and that he came here to worship and call upon the Great Father «believ- iing that if He could create such ‘ya place He could grant any re- [quest they might ask. It is truly ,a mythical place and must be ‘seen to be appreciated. At two o‘clock in the morning we were called to see the Royal Gorge, and as We stood upon the rocks by the side of the steaming engine, with the moon trying to shine down upon us through flecks of clouds, looking up these massive walls that point heaven- ward twenty-seven hundred feet. then down into the heaving, surging waters of the Arkansas river rolling beneath—-not a word spoken by the two hundred hu- man beings, looking up and down. down and up——made a scene that no one who enjoyed it could ever forget. and which reminded me of Dantes "Purgatory and Para- dise” as illustrated by Dore. At daylight we came to Mar- shall Pass. where the ingenuity of man has laid a track for the cars to run over. among the 1noun- tain peaks which could neither be tunneled or bridged: and when the summit is reached. which is known as "The Great Divide.” and "where the East gives greet- ing to the “Vest.” then we creep down among the peaks. which are so close together that the head- light of our engine is often seen. and the numerous tracks seem like so many different roads. On we speed. the ever-varying scene constantly appearing and disappearing. From a great hight. over the rough. rugged side of the mountain. came rip- pling down the small silvery stream of Chippeta Falls. Then the Currecanti Needles stretched their pointed fingers to the Sky -1111 the time the clear waters of the river running by our side. The whole route through those mountains is but an unbroken succession of magnificence and grandeur—ever changing, but holding the enraptured beholder spell-bound. But the scene changes. and a long stretch of arid plains must be passed before we reach the almost fabled land of California. VVhen the sun went down at night, shutting from our view this vast desert. and finding in the morning as we looked from the car windows, the fertile valley of the Sacramento, where the fattest of cattle were grazing in emerald fields, beautiful and elegant homes everywhere. the flowers sending out sweet perfumes. the birds carroling their softest notes. and the (lows of morning adding en- chantment to all. I thought that jAladin's stories were not fables. for here was a reality which far exceeded his fairy tales. VVe were now in California-. and our Patron friends of former years were at the depot to meet us. and for the next six weeks we were "in the hands of our friends.” They showed us the best they had frotn almost every portion of the state; fed us on dainties and sweet-meats; talked to us in fine style, and said they hoped we would come again The capital grounds at Sacra- mento are “made land, beautiful- ly laid out with walks and drives, with ornamental trees and tropical plants and flowers everywhere. California is a rich state, and she has been lavish in her expen- ditu res for buildings and ground s. We spent two weeks in San Fran- cisco. where the Celestials have a foothold. They are numerous and active, especially in accumu- lating all the money they can get hold of to take back to their na- tive land—spending very little of it here. The Golden Gate Park is the pride of the city, and the ways of reaching these beautiful grounds are numerous and lead through the picturesque resident part of the city where wealth and luxury abound and millionaires hold sway. As we reach the Cliff House and stand upon the hights at the Golden Gate, looking in and out, we are reminded of Longfellow‘s Sandalphon: “ Standing 'neath the arch of the portal That leads through the gate of the city immortal." Then, on to the beautiful grounds and buildings at Del Monte, own- ed by the Southern Pacific Rail- road Company, near the ancient adobe city of Monterey. where the Pacific in the bay, is as bright as a mirror, and where the cy- press. palms and vines beautify the grounds everywhere. And farther south to Los Angeles (the angels), San Diego, and the Cor- onado Hotel, situated on a small island near the shore, then Pas- sadena (gate to Eden) and Glen- dora, where we bade adieu to our California friends, having receiv- ed at their hands all that mortals could reasonbly desire. Before we had been two hours on the road we were stopped at San Barnardino station, near the city, on account of a la.nd~slide in the Cajon Pass. We had often heard of this place, and had been told it was the most beautiful country in all the west. We gazed out of the car window, through the pouring rain, upon a. few an- cient adobe houses. a Chinese laundry. a closed saloon and the Santa Fe eating house and depot. We were soon told to make our- selves as comfortable as possible. for the Pass could not be cleared until it stopped raining. But the floods came and washed away the bridges on every side. the mud was so deep that the horse cars could not be run to the city. the Pass was filling in deeper and deeper and the men from the surrounding country who had been engaged to shovel the gravel out had struck. It was dark over- head and all about us. but we did not let the situation hold us long in gloomy thought. VVe were comfortable in a Pullman car. with good company and plenty to eat. On the fourth day the rain ceased. the trouble with the men had been adjusted. the landscape was beautiful, the city fine. and the whole aspect was changed. But no mail or telegraphic com- munication with the outer world. We were as completely shut in as was Robinson Crusoe on his lone- ly island. On the seventh day the cars moved with passengers and mails. and we got out by walking about a mile through the the mud and over mounds of earth and rock. But the sky was clear. and we worked our way slowly through the mountains, arriving at Barstow before dark. At this point we changed cars and rode over barren plains, where there could be no wash- outs and where there were no mountains of sand to fall in upon us. We stopped by invitation at Osage City. Burlingame and To- peka, Kansas. arriving home just nine weeks and one day from the time of starting. The land of gold; the golden west, The place were everything‘s the best- The skies arc clear, the waters blue, And flowers are of every hue. The fruits are tt-niptingly held out l-’rcm tree, and vine. and all about; The tnoimtains high, the vnllcys green-— No fairer land was ever seen. The sunsets here are red and gold, And when at evening tlicy unfold T‘.1cirbrilli:int hut-s, thewclkin bright Holds us in wonder and delight. Then all along the placid shore The beautiful attracts us more: The shells and pebbles are so rare t\lcthinks the Peris must dwell there. The rainbow tints are mixed so fine, They surely came from hands Divine. No painter‘s brush can ever trace The colors seen at every place. This is no legend I have told About this far-famed land of gold. This favored land is truly blast- This 1-Lldorado of the \Vest. -- --—— -~—-43+- Comfortable People. Do you know any? Are they few or scarce among us‘? What are comfortable people? If I questioned what are u11comforta— ble people everybody would have an answer ready. But the few of a kind we are looking for— do you know them? Why are they so few? Said a friend one day: “My grandmother was such a comfortable soul! You loved to be where she was. We child- ren would do anything for her and always knew where to find ‘quarter’ in any disaster. And the fun of it was, if two of us quarreled, we always brought up together at grandmothers door. She never seemed to have an ache or pain, never asked for your sympathy because she was old, and yet we always gave it. and were always bringing bits of comfort to her. She used to say: ‘My day is past, dearie; I'm not of much account now.’ But she always said it with such a cheer- ful smile, as though it were all a happiness just the same to be with us. She was a comfortable old lady, and we missed her sad- ly for many a long day.” There is a comfortable mother we wot of. where the children come in from school with a jolly little laugh as she opens wide the door in welcome. There is something about her that comes down to the little ones and is in sympathy with them always. There is a cake (not over rich) on the shelf, just to save butter and crumbs. when school is out, that they may divide and digest after their own fashion. Some- how there is never any "strap- ping.” It's—"Johnny, mamma said not to. and you know how good she is to us." Or it is—— ‘Tm going in to ask mamma. Shell have time to help me." And after awhile it is—"Let’s go in and help mamma.” Longing to be with somebody who loves them; longing to be where they are not in the way—why‘:’ Be- cause ma-mma isn't nervous: hasn‘t got a headache; doesn't think children such a bother; isn‘t running the sewing machine and cant be hindered; or in other words is a comfortable woman. ‘Here comes "our John." Oh. he is just the best fellow in the world. If it rains to-day he doesn‘t growl. but guesses it will be clear to-morrow. and in any case he doesn't believe it will make much difflerence to the clerk of the weather whether he is pleased or not. He doesn‘t sit down and want you to "keep still" or wonder "what on earth you do so much trotting about for." He doesnt sit down and with one eye on the paper and one on you. wonder what you are going to do next. He doesn't take up all the room in the kitch- on with his long legs and his boots. and wonder "what you want to putter around the stove so much for.“ Not he. He is a "comfortable" fellow and keeps out of your way. He goes "a- mending" and you don't know he is in the house so far as annoy- ance to you is concerned. Or he comes i11 with a joke or some- thing new for you to think about. Maybe he gives you a "lift" on some big job you‘ve been think- ing about for a good while. In fact he makes you wish there were more rainy days than there are. because he is such a com- fortable fellow. How many of us have comfort- able children? Yet why should they not be‘? Don‘t uncomforta- ble people make children uncom- fortable? "Mamma," says my boy. "Somehow that woman makes me feel uncomfortable when shes here: she seems so snappy all the time. I want to say just what she says just to see if it wont hurt something or somebody. I want to pull the cats tail or kick the dog." So do you not think her own child- ren want to kick something. too? Good people. cultivate comfort. the comfort that has time to live. to be happy, to be cheerful. to make people wish to be where you are, because you are not eternally fretting and fuming about what you cant help. If you can help things, why don't you; but if you cannot, why be uncomfortable about them? Is it your duty to borrow trouble, to magnify every ache or pain by talking about it‘? Stop a mo- ment and read a thought or two of somebody’s from a paper and so get a. thought outside of your- self. There are lots of good times and fun in the world, a great deal more than would bal- ance the misery. and though you may not be "in ‘em,” they are good to think about, Think of somebody whose troubles are in- finitely worse than yours and you have no idea how much more fortunate you will think you are. Just in proportion to your personal comfort will the comfort around you be increased, and if each and all would en- deavor to be comfortable, we should all of us be a great deal happier.—1~J. S. Titus. .__%.._- _- The Art of Mending. There is nothing more import- ant in the instruction of the child- ren of the household than syste- matic lessons in mending. As soon as a. little girl is able to handle a needle she should be taught to darn her stockings and sew on shoe buttons. As soon as she has mastered these arts. she should be taught how to lay patches; not in a haphazard fashion, but neatly and flatly, matching the pattern of the goods and laying the patch the proper way of the cloth. A patch, put on properly and pressed after it is put on, can hardly be recog- nized as a patch. The darning of cloth is an art by itself which even expert seamstresses do not always understand. Tl.e edges of the rent should be brought to- gether. and the needle run through the cloth between the inside and the outside in such a way as to conceal the stitches. When the darn is dampened and pressed it becomes almost invisi- ble. and can only be found after the closest inspection. It will be a. long time before a little girl can do such neat work as this. but she should be encouraged in every way to try. Lessons in mending should be given as a stimulus to economy well as good needlework. A girl who has been properly brought up, and is compelled to do her own mend- ing. will be more careful of her clothes than the one who is at no pains to mend rents. For this reason. even if it is considerable more trouble to oversee mending than to do it yourself. the child should do it. not only for the sake of the instruction. but in order that she may suffer from her carelessness if the rent is the re- sult of carelessness. An important part of all mend ing is the ripping and preparing the work for mending. If the garment needs relining it is often desirable to make it over entirely. in which case it should be ripped thoroughly. The thread should be brushed off and the garment cleaned. There are many ways of cleaning materials that cannot be washed. Delicate silk ribbons and other silk may be spongcd with a little alcohol diluted with water. Stains caused by acids may usually be taken out by :1 weak solution of ammonia and water. Woollen goods. that are too much faded to be made over. may often be dyed and combined with a little new silk and may give as much wear as it did be- fore. There is always special satisfaction in making over a dress that had seemed to be past its usefulness and in finding it able to serve again and. perhaps. look better than it did when it was new. The secret of the pro- verbially economical and well- dressed Frenchwomans success lies not only in her taste, but in her ingenuity in making over and repairing her clothes. However old her dress it is mended so neatly that it never appears shabby. The most careful and economical women are usmtlly the best dressed. because they are sure to take care of their clothes. while women who spend money lavishly on their attire are often slovenly to the c1itl.—i\'r:zc )'m'/.' '1'/'1'l/unw. Hints to Housekeepers. When ironing. if a starchy de- posit attaches itself to the iron. it may readily be removed by sprinkling a small handful of salt on a piece of old carpet or thick cloth, and passing the hot iron over it several times. Wash oilcloths in warm borax water and wipe with a soft flan- nel wrung out of skimmed milk. Ink stains may be removed by weak oxalic acid. When whitewashing your cellar add an ounce of carbolic acid to each gallon of wash before using Laces are sometimes whitened by putting them in a bowl of soapy water and setting it in the sun. Point lace can be ta-cked on a suitable cloth. keeping all the points stretched. Then, with a fine brush and a lather of castile soap, it can be rubbed gently. Treat each side in the same way. Then rinse in clean water, in which a very little alum has been dissolved to take off the suds. with a little starch water go over it on the wrong side. and then iron it. When dry, it must be opened and set in order with a bodkin. If the lace is not very dirty, it can be rubbed with fine bread crumbs. Grease spots may be removed from carpets by first covering with powdered chalk, then pass- ing over them a hot iron—the spot and chalk first being cover- ed with soft brown paper. ——-¢o+——:— When'er we cross a river at a ford, If we would pass in safety, we must keep Our eyes fixed steadfast on the shore beyond, For if we cast them on the flowing stream, The head swims with it; so if we would cross The running flood of things here in the world, Our souls must not look down, but fix their sight On the firm land beyond. —Longfl'llo*w. .:_:_.——4 How true it is no spoken words can give Form to the best of thoughts which in us livel ——$amm'l Burn/mm. August I, 1890. THE C3-.R..A..l.\TC3-IE3 VISITOR. ~1 Do you want the BUYERS GUIDE? 1 1 Weight, - - 2 lbs. I Pages, - — - 540. 1' Illustrations, - - 8,000. lrticles Priced and 1 Accurately Described, 30,000. Most people say that it is worth $ to them as :1 Reference Book, asit; enables them to make 21 comparative estimate of tlie Value of everything they buy. Sent upon receipt of 15 cents (stainps or otherwise). to P3)‘ P051389 01‘ express-age. MONTGOMERY WARD & Co., I I I to I I6 Michigan Ave., "THE ORIGINAL WHOLESALE Gmmc: supra I-Io1.1s:." CHICAGO. ‘ THE EXTERMINATORI V 4 Points of Merit THAT THE 11111111111. or HAS OVER ALL (‘-Tl-[ER Spring-tooth Harms: lst. ‘I11. 311. 4th. ll will cut 11:11-11 gro1n11I. lt will not dodge or trail. It will EXTEKMINATE weeds. It levels t11e ground and er:1ses 2111 tooth 111:1rks., le:1vi11g the s111'1':11‘c i11 nice s11:1pe forse1-1li11g, 211111 is tl1e only Spriiig-tootli H:11‘1‘1)w that 11:15 :1 Lev- eling B111" 11211-k of the teeth. 5th. \Ve 11121ke three sizes-—T beanl. 6 ft. “For p1'i1-es, te1'1ns:1n1l other l1lf()1‘lll:1tl11ll. :11l1l1'1-ss It is 2:‘) per cent. ligl1ter1l1':1ft. ; 8111121111, 6 ft. ll 111.; 10 111-21111. 8 ft. 9 iii. WHIPPLE HARROW CO., St. Tohns. Mich- CONNER & OSBORN. LoC:1lAge11:s.P:1\\'P:1w, .\li1‘l1. l’RICEH 1131 or SUPPLIES Kept iii the Ofiice of Sec‘y of the Michigan State Grange And sent o11t post-paid on receipt of Cash Urrler. ()\'r!‘ the Seal of a Suborrliiiatc Grange, and the signature of its Master or Secretary. I-’orce-lain ballot inarizles, per hundre1l . . _ _ . . ..$ 75 Blank book. ledger ruled, for secretary to keep :11-couiits with 1111-1.-1be1'1-' .... .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 0” Blank record book (1-xpn-ms paid) ——————————— -— 1 "0 Order hook, 1~ontuini11LI lull orders on the trees- urer, with stub, well bound . . . . . . . . . — . . . . . . .7 50 Receipt hook, containing 1110 r1*c1-ipts from _ treasurer to secretary, with stub, well hound. . 51) Blank receipts for dues, per 1011, 110111111 _ _ _ _ . . _. 511 Applications for nieinher.-sliip, per 11111. 511 Withdrawal cards, per dozen . . . . . . . . .. . ‘Z5 Dixnits, in envelopes, per dozen . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ‘25 B_\'-Laws of the State Grange, single copies, 10¢; per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 “ Glad l-.‘.:l1oes," with 1n11sic, single copies 25c; per 1111'/.eu _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , _ . _ _ _ . . _ . _ . _ _ _ _ . . _ . . . . . ._ 3 00 The National Grange Choir, single copy 401:; per dozen..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . — — .. 400 Rituals, single copy _ _ _ _ _ , _ , _ _ _ _ _ ‘Z5 “ per dozen A _ _ _ _ _ _ A _ _ _ _ . _ . . . . _ . _ _ . . _ . _. 2 75 “ fifth degree, set of nine, well-bound, by registered mail . _ _ . _ . . . _ _ . . . . . . . . .. 1 80 “ combined degrees, per doxen _ _ . . . _ _ _ , 1 20 Blank “Articles of Association" for the incor- poration of subordinate granges, with copy of charter, all complete .................... . . 10 Notice to delinquent members, per 100 _ . _ . . . _. 411 Declaration of Purposes, per doz. 5c; per 100. . _ 40 American Manual of Parliamentary Law. . _ 50 “ “ etc. (Morocco tuck). 1 00 Digest of Laws and Rulings _ _ _ , _ ,, 40 Roll books ____ .. 15 Patrons‘ badges 25 oflicers‘ badges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5|! ('0-UPERATIVE 1..1T1«:n.n'L'n1-:. History and Objects of Ccroperatiun . . . . _ . . . . . . 05 What is Co—0pe1'ati0l.l ‘I . . . . . . . . . _ . . . _ _ . _ _ . I12 Soine of the Weakiiessel-1 of (‘o-operatioii I1‘) Educatioiinl Funds; How to Use Them. _ (ll As1~1oI:iativ1- Farming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. U1 The E1-onomic Aspect of (,‘o—oper11tio11. 0] A1-Isocii-ition and E(lll(:atl0ll _ . _ . . . . . . . _ . ._ I13 The Prin1:ip11-s of Unity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Ill The Perils of Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . Fundanil-11tal Principles of Co-operatio11 . _ . _ .. A1l1lress, J. T. COBB, Sec‘y Michigan State Grange, S1.-hoolcraft. M1011. HORSE AND COW POWDER In of the liighest value of horses, cattle. hogs, and poultry. It assists di;;est1'on and assiniilatioli and thus converts feed into muscle. milk and fat which otherwise would be wasted. MORTIMER WHITEHEAD Says: “German Horse and Cow Powder pays many times its cost in keeping all kinds of farrn stock in good liealth. I have used it for years on my form, buying 9. barrel at a time." l It is n121n11fact11red by Dr. L. ()1>er11o1t'/.er‘s Sons 1 & Co., l'll1P,u.lXV'lll<", P3, and sold at Wholesale Pr1ces--viz: , lfiarrels—201‘hs in hulk, Boxes —— (Wills “ “ . “ :5Ulhs——5fl1 pack. ltlc. “ By ALBERT STEGI" -'L\'. .r\ll¢-gran, .Vlich.: 'l‘lHOI{.\'T()N' BARN , Nu. 2.41 North I 1 \Vnt1-r St., Phlhulelplixa, P21. 1‘ 7150 per pound. 5,. 11 .. t 111111: MILLS 1 More kinds n.nd sizes of Mills and Evnpormr-r:_ .’ r .'~'or:h111n nnd Su'_'nr Cane, are 11111111: by The ntymycr Iron ‘Van-ks ()o., 0f('ll14‘lTIY‘1Ill 1. (1.. than by any other works in the worlel. T111-_\' are the .er,'r malcrrs of the Victor, Grmt l1'r.°.£rrn 111111 .\'./rs Hills, the Genuine Cook Era orr1tur.:1nd the /lulmruiri/r Cook Evaywratrrr. Sent for (‘11t11111t:ue. Prices, and The Sorghum Hand Book for 1890. ‘ lish1-1l .~1-,111i-111<1uIl1l ,1l111'111g 1.‘<_,r1, we BIGGEST OFFER EVER MADE WEBSTEWS DICTIONARY. NEW YORK WEEKLY. The publishers of the well-known and popu- lar story paper. ‘TR’: 9“"“’—‘1‘T"-".1 make an olfer that is unparalleled in the his. tory of premiums. They will send to any ad- dress, post.p21id, tl1elr paper for three months and a. handsome edition of \Vebsler's Dic- tionary. bound in lentlicr, 1615 pages—size of page 8x10‘; inches. size of book 4 inches thick, weight 91113.- ¢ , 2» - PAES tor the low prlce of $4. exclusive of express charges on dictionary. The ordinary price of \Vel:st.er‘s Dictionary is $12. A “febsu-.r's Dictionary in II household l‘l(‘CPRfill1y, and we feel assured that no one will be without it now. Send in your or1l1-in to the ufilce of HMS paper at once, as the 11211111111! Is great. and the supply limited. We will I'orwar1l all orders to the publishers and guarantee to furnish the New York Weekly for three months and a handsome bound copy of \Veb- ale:-‘u Dictionary, containing over 1600 pages, or . send Post Offlce and Express address. VVe11ave decided to add this paper to the above oflcr :1tS4.35. (}RAl\'Gl£ VISITOR. Paw Paw, Mich. THE ONLY PAPER IN THE l\'Olll.D. 151111011. l’1'int1-11 211111 11121110 reruly for the 11121115 for l'21r1111.1‘s 211111 by l‘21r1111.-1's--111 short, l’l.'l’.LlSllI-Ll) RIGHT OUT ON A 1“.-\R.\l. ls1111-(21zA.\'1;1«: N1-.ws stahlislicd in 1876; and pub- To in- homes it, 1151 TRIAL TU :~'r;w 11111111111: 1111- (}1<.\.\‘ . . into1o.ooo new 1 scn1l $1‘11sc1<1111-;11s11NL\', 7 I\l(J.\'THS FOR A 1__)L'Al(-ess for siesta—i11 summer at least: but people who are mastcrs of their ow11 time should utilize the 21dvz111tage of that privilege by heecli-ng the monitions of the plain instinct which iii the swelteriiig after- noon hours of the dog—(l21_vs pro- tests 21_::21i11st prot1'21(-ted elforts of brain or 1'n11scle. especiztlly if the need of rest 1121s been o111ph21- sized by the l1~tl1211'gic influence of a full meal. That 211l1litio11211 cause of 111idsu111111e1' inart-y1'do111 could at least be obviated by limiting the mid-d21y repast to a light lunch. and taking the prin- cipal meal in the cool of the even- ing—1*'1'/2'11 L. 0.s-zmld. in the 111mm- lllu/1'61‘. _,_..-,._.-_. _ Axles. carriage geers. twisted wire cables. the ends of boilers. wagon tires and hoops for bar- rels. are among the articles for wl1icl1 electric welding is already employed. Bars of inctal may be joined at angles. finger rings made. steel joined to iron in tools. rods or bars lengthened or shortcned.z1nd cast iron pieces for m21(:hi11ery united by the new method: The process is very rapid. and so effective that cliain links made by it. unlike those welded in the old way. never break at the weld. Acomplete revolution in riveting metal plates is anticipated, as the riveting may be done by electricity so as to avoid all leaking. Sleeping in the Woods. Imagine your bed-1-l121111ber of odorous bark. 211111 your bed of pungent boughs. Your couch made under 111ur11111ri11g trees and within 21 few yards of the lazily moving water. whose niotions caress rather than cliafe the shore. Stretched your full lengtli on such a couch. spread in such 21 place. the process of f2111i11g asleep l)e(:OlllQ.~'1 2111 expcric-11cc. You lie and watch yourself to observe the g1'21spe(-,i211ly well-k11ow11 people. For SE‘\'(‘1‘1l1l 1no11tl1s we l121\'1~ been t1'c11te(l to gliiiipse;-'. into -‘Sonic Hoines Under the A1l111i11istrz1- tion." in VV21sl‘1in_<_rIo11. series of beautifully il111sl1':1Ic1l :11'ticl1\si11 I)m1ru‘v.s-1".s' ["1/mi/‘u JIu_1/1I- ;.'1'71n'. I11 the August 111111111111‘ (just arrived). Post11121st-e1'-(111111-ral W21112111121ker‘s 1112111sion is thrown open to us, and we are c1121-rnied with its beauties. T11e 11211111- somely executed ill11st1-atioiis. give us every detail as 21ccur21te- 1y as would a personal view. and it is a great pleasure to stroll with the writer z111d21rtist through the elegant ap21rtn1e11ts and the 1'an1o11s picture—g21llery. the latter coiitziining some of the 1'211'est works of art in A1111.-1'11-21. This August number be seen by everybody. if for this feature 211101112: but it co11t211i11s other feutues equally interesting. not the least of which is an 211~('011nt of "The Ube1'21111111erg2u1 1’21ssi1)11-Play." which is illust.1'21te1l not only with 21 picture of the B21v21ri2111 villzlge where the play is now being 1~11z~1cte1l. but also with many of the tzibleaux show i11 this his- toriczll pert'or11121n(-e. Tliore is also 11 couiplete 11o'velott1:- by Q11111111 Elizabetli of Roun1z111i21 (“ larmen Sylvu-‘.). p1'c1-11111211 by her portrait and fine illust1'21tio11s of her summer castle and her boudoir. The other 2111-111.-les and stories are all of the highest order. and beautifully illustr21te1l. forming a Midsummer N11n1 her of rare merit. which is enlianced by 21. sea-shore water-1-olor f1-ontis- piece of 21rtisti1:v21l11c. Publislied by W. JENNINGS I)m.»mrc~r. 15 East 14th St... New York. , .._...._. The Ztl'IIlil1(llll0 of South Ameri- ca. 21. little animal about 21 foot long, or less. with 21 sliell-like hide. is being i11tro1luce<1 as on article of food into this country. It is found in iniinense 11111nbcrs on the pampas of the Argentine Republic, where it has for years been 21. fzivorite object of sport-. The meat is canned and exported to Europe and America. being something like the opposum. only more tender. in 21 line‘ TI-IE G-BANG-E VISITOR. August 1, 1890. An Agricultural Picnic. The Agricultural Society have very generously granted the use of their grounds and buildings at Benton Harbor to the Grangers for a big meeting and picnic which is to be held the last week in August. The meeting will begin on Tuesday. the 26th. and continue four days. holding sessions forenoon. afternoon and evening. all of which, except the forenoon of Tuesday, will be opened to the public who are cordially invited to be present. A number of distinguished speak- ers froin abroad will give ad- dresses at the different sessions. among them Gov. Luce; Past Master of Michigan State Grange; Col. J. H. Brigham, of Ohio; Master of the National Grange; Hon. Perry Mayo, of Battle Creek: and Jason Woodman, of Paw Paw It is expected the people of surrounding counties will be present in large numbers and the assemblage is to be alto- gether a notable event-—1’u//u- tlium. Grand Army Excursion to Boston. The Chicago & Grand Trunk announce that the sale of Excur sion Tickets to Boston and re- turn. for the Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, will take place August t-lth. Slth and 10th. This company offers four different routes. and include among their attraction. Niagara Falls. the Thousand Islands. Rapids of the St. Lawrence. the VVhite Mouiitains and a journey either by rail or steamer down the coast from Portland to Boston. They also include the route through the Green Mountain re- gion of Central Vermont. as well as the route through New York State by the VVest Shore and the famous Hoosac Tunnel Route. Tickets will be good for return by a process of deposit with the joint agency at Boston. until Sept. 30th. The rate is one low- est limited fare for the round trip. Full information obtained of any Agent of Chicago & Grand Trunk Railway. . M... "For the sake of the American author who is now robbed, for the sake of the foreign author who is now plundered. for the sake of that vast body of people who read books in the United States, and upon whom we now force all the worst and cheapest stuff that the presses of the world pour forth. a bill for internation- al copyright ought to be passed. Most of all. it ought to be passed for the sake of the country's honor and good name. " So writes Henry Cabot Lodge on International (Jopyi'igl1t in the August .12‘/anti:-. His article is worth studying. The Use and Limits of Academic Culture. a paper by Professor N. S. Shaler. which shows the manner in which Professor Sha- ler believes the college could be brought into closer touch with the aims of the ordinary student. namely. the gaining of a living. is a noticeable paper of the number. It is followed by a sketch of Madame Cornuel and Madame de Coulanges. Both of these clever French women were given to epigram and bon-mots, many of which are retailed in this amusing sketch, which is written by Ellen Terry Johnson. Miss Murfree's Felicia and Mrs. Deland‘s Sidney containue their course. Mrs. Deland has. we fancy, reached the turning point in her heroines history. The poetry of the number is particularly good. Mrs. Fields has a sonnet; Mr. Whittier a three page poem on the town of Haverhill: and Dr. Holmes ends his installment of "Over the Tea- cups" with verses which will have great vogue, entitled. The Broomstick Train. or The Return of the Witches. The Salem witches, he tells us, impatient at their long imprisonment. peti- tioned to be released, but when the Evil One allowed them their liberty, they played such mad pranks that he called them to- gether and. for punishment, made them pull the electric cars. “Since then on many 3 car you'll see A brooiiistick plain as plain can be; As for the hag, you can‘! see her, lint hark! you can hear her black cat's purr, And now and then. as a train goes by, You may catch a gleam from her wiched eye.” But to appreciate the verses, not six but the twice sixty lines should be read, as full of snap and sparkle as the “Witch’s eye” itself. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston. i Notices of llleetings. The next regular meeting of Newaygo County Pomona Grange will be held with Fremont Grange, Wednesday and Thurs- day, August 13 and 14. The fol- lowing program will be taken up for general discussion: 1. Care of the orchard——Nor- man More. 2. Essay Mrs. M. W. Scott. The present depression in times; the cause and remedy, if any—-J. H. Macomber and A. L. Scott. 4. Which is the best for the farmers. the present system of maintaining roads or by direct tax~—J. F. Frye. 5. Essay Mrs. Belle White. 6. Recitation—Leona More. 7. Obnoxious weeds— John Barnhard. H. The ballot and who should be allowed to use it—C. Hoskins. ‘J. Essay—Mrs. P. \V. Hall. 10. Planting. care and market- ing of potatoes~J. H. l\Iacuu1- ber. 11. Girl life on the far111—Mrs. Frank Hillman. 1;’. Essay—MissJennieJewell. 13. Are farmers benefited by our boards of review—E. VV. El- dred. 17>. VVhat has the Grange ac- complished-—A. L. Scott. A cordial invitation is extend- ed to all to attend. W. C. S'l‘L'A1{'l‘, Lect. Van Buren county Pomona Grange will hold its next meet- ing at iVoodman Grange hall. Thursday. August :3?-4. 189(). at 10 a. m. A good program will be prepared. E. L. WAR.\'ER. Sec‘y. - -—<—o>— HERRINGTON, July 28. Western Pomona Grange will meet with Georgetown Grange Aug. 22 and 23. We wish to have a good attendance of our Pomona members. If anyone has a sub- ject they wish discussed at the meeting, we will be pleased to have them present it. as the fol- lowing program is not lengthy: First day—open meeting. Grange called to order at 11 o'clock a. in. Address of welcome to the vis- iting members by the Master of Georgetown Grange. Response, by Master of P0- mona. Music. Recess and dinner. Report by legislative commit- tee on needed legislation. Discussion of the various ques- tions presented by the committee. Question: How shall we dis- pose of our dairy products‘? Do co-operati ve cheese factories pay 2’ Essays. by Mrs. A. V. VVheath- erway, Allie M. Alward. Bert De- cator, C. F. Hoyt. Recitations. by Miss DellaWin- Chester. Herbert Alward, Rebec- ca Fields. MRS. THos. WILDE, Lecturer. Farmers’ Basket Picnic. The anniial basket pic.nic of the Van Bureu County Pomona Grange will be held at Hartford on W'cdnesday and 'l‘liursday, August 6 and 7. Following is the prograinnie: VVEIJNESIJAY. 10:00 a. in. Social greeting and busi- ncss. 12 m. Diiincr. 1:30 p. in. Music and prayer; addi'es.s of wclconie by H. M. Olney, president of l-lzirtford village; song of welcome; response by W. R. Sirrine, Worthy Mas- tcr of Pomona Graiigc; greeting song; address by His Excellency, Gov. Cyrus G. Luce. 7:00 p. in. 1’r:iyci', by Rev. Counsel- lor, of Hal'tfo1‘ll; son ; recitation, by Mrs. G. E. Giliiiaii, of Paw Paw; essay, “Rt-putzitioii against Character," Mrs. A. U. Barnes, of L:i.wi'ence; recitation, by Harry Myers, of Paw Paw; solo, by Mrs, G. E. Gilniaii, of Paw Paw; paper, “ Tlie ])cpressioii of Agricultiire," by Wa1tci'Gage, of l.a\\’re-ncc; recitation, by Miss Edna Harris, of Hziniilton; music. _ 'rHi:its1iAi'. 10:00 a. in. Music; recitatioii, by Miss Maiitle Arinstrong, of Waverly; address by Hon. J. J. Vi/oodiiian. 1:30 p. in. Music; address by Hon. J. H. Brigliaiii, of Ohio, Worthy Master of National Grange; iinisic. The music will be furnished by a glee club of Paw Paw, composed of Bruce A. Ciiiiiiiigs, C. W. Reynolds, Chas. H. Butler and G. E. Gilman, with Miss Grace Woodman as organist. Five minute speeches will be called for at various times. One fare for round trip over T. & S. H. R. R. 1’i'eserve your ticket and pre- sent it to J. C. Gould at the picnic to insure your free return. Rcdiiced rates have been applied for over the C. & W. M. R'y. Everybody is invited, and especially Patrons of Allegan and Bcrrien coun- ties. lilits. J. M. 1-‘ISK, Lecturer. The Ladies’ Home Journal. For midsummer reading, the August Lculics’ Home Journal is like a cooling breeze——a.ll the stories savor of the sea and country. and Julian Hawthorne. Maud Howe, Louise Chandler Moulton. Kate Upson Clark. Jen- -ny June. Dr. Talmage. itll vie with each other in story, poem and article. The article on “Promiscuous Bathing" for girls is specially timely. The life of the fashionables at Newport is delightfully told in an article. Dr. Talmage tells how he preach- ed his first sermon, while ten of our most famous women try to answer the question. “Which is the Happiest Hour in a Woman’s Life?" Caroline B. LeRow says some very helpful things in tell- ing what are the "Essentials of a Good Teacher." while the de- partments devoted to flowers and talks with girls. are specially well filled this month. Alto- gether. the August Journal makes the very best of summer reading—pure and bright, and as entertaining as beneficial. The number costs only ten cents. The Jmzrmzl is published. at one dollar per year. at 433-135 Arch street. Philadelphia. -4.}- A Sterling Testimonial. CALAIS. VT. July 1st. 1890. Mr. G. Vt’. Ingersoll. Dear Sir:—— I know from actual experience your paint is all you claim; covers more space. lasts longer and looks better than any paint I have used before. I know you are square and honorable in all your dealings, and believe any- one trying your Paints will use no other; there is no discoloring. cracking or rubbing off. and my house is a standing witness of this recommend. J. M. GOULD. [See Ad. Patrons Paint Works.] — 4-mo->—: ~- However good you may be.you have faults; however dull you may be. you can find what some of them are; and, however slight some of them may be, you had better make some—not too pain- ful. but patient—efforts to get quit of them.—Jolin Iiuslrin. Q)bitudries. MERWIN. Died. at the home of her Sister, in Grand Blanc, July 15th, Mrs. Rena Merwin, a member of Groveland Grange. No. 443. WHEnEAs. It has pleased the great Master to remove by death our beloved Sister. therefore. , 1.’c.s~«;li:mZ. That in the death of our Sister the Order has lost a true and faithful member. the community a social and pleasant friend, and the husband a loving wife. ic.s‘oIt‘(’(I, That we tender the bereaved husband our heartfelt sympathy, and that a page of our record be set apart as a memorial of our Sister. Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be transmitted to the bereaved husband and also to the GRANGE VISITOR for publication. ELMA HOSNER. MARY SIMPSON. MINNIE CAMPBELL, Committee. DYER. FERRIS, June 5th. 1890. Montcalm county Pomona, No. 24, met at Ferris Grange hall and passed resolutions on the death of our esteemed Brother F. H. Dyer. Again death has entered our Grange family, this time to take from us a true friend. a conserva- tive patron, and a. wise counsellor. While we must submit to the in- evitable, We linger in sadness over the memory of one who has been a true Brother to us in the Grange, careful, energetic and a man of unsullied integrity, one who had aheart in every good work; Therefore. Resolved, That in the death of Bro. Dyer, this community loses one of its best citizens, the Grange a true patron and a willing helper in time of need, his family a kind husband and indulgent parent. Iiesolvezl, That this Grange. feeling loss and appreciating his Worth, do extend to the deceased family our sincere sympathy, and that space be given in the records for proceedings of the same. Resolved, That our charter be draped in mourning for a space of sixty days, also that a copy of these resolutions be sent to the ‘bereaved family and to the ‘GRANGE VISITOR and county papers for publication. SISTER H. A. CARROLL. SISITER M. PINTLER, BRO. E. D. MASON, Committee. SIXTEEN TR.-\.\'S—C()I\'TINENTAL PAS- SENGER TRAINS DAILY. Under the new train schedule which the North- ern Pacific Railroad inaugurzitesJunc I5, IPl9o,there will be sixteeii traiis-continental passenger trains moving daily on this great line, eight east bound and eight west bound, exclusive of l03l0CE\l. main and branch line passeiiger trains running daily west of St. Paul. Ashland and l)iiliitli in \Viscoii- sin, Minnesota, North Dakota, Montaiia. Idaho, Oregon and \Vasliington on its 3300 miles of track. ‘ Chas. S. Fee, General Pitssenger Agent of the line at St. Paiihaiinoiinces that under the new ar- rzingeinent the first through train, the Pacific Ex- press. leaves St. Paul at 8:15 a. Iii., daily, with a through Pullinan Palace Sleeping Car, leaving Chicago daily at 5:30 p. In. via the Chicago, .\lil- waukee & St. Paul Railway, running Via Helena and Tacoina direct to Portland. and making close connections at St. Paul with all trains lcaviiig St. Louis in the forcnoon and Chicago in the after- noon of the previous day, arriviiig at Tacoma at in:5o :1. in. of the third day rind Portland the same afternoon. The second through train, No. I. the Pacific Mail, leaving St. Paul at 4:15 p. iii.. daily. inaking close connections with the " Fast Mail," and all night trains out of Chicago. uill carry fl through Pullniaii Palace Sleeping Crir and one or more Piillinan Tourist Sleeping Cars le:iviii;.: Cliicago at io:.i5 p. in. daily via the \Viscniisin Central line. running through to Portland \‘lIl Helena and Taro- ma. Both [T211115 out of St. Paul will carry Pull- man Tourist Sleeping Cars and Dining Cars, but free Colonist sleepers will be run only on train No. I, leaving St.P:iii1;it 4:15 p. in. The Northern Pzicific now operates‘ the largest equipineiit of dining . 3 any railroad in the world. tweiity-foiir, anr ilso the longest l’ullni;in sleeping car line in cxi ence. nninclyz Chicago to Portlniid viii Tacoiiia, and is the only line running tlicsc sleepers to the principal trade centers and pl(3£lSl1l'(.’ resorts in Northern Minnesota, North Dakota, Manitoba, Moiitaiia and Vi/asliiiigton. The recently completed Butte Air Line of the Northern Pacific inakes this the sliortcst route be- tween Chicago and Butte by no miles and enables this coiiipaiiy to atinouiice 21 through Pullman Sleeping Car service between St. Paul and Taco- nm and Portland via Butte. west and the ;:I5 p. in train. cast from Portlziiid on the 7:00 a. in. Atlantic niail. 4:130” CATARRH, Cfliflllllfll Deafness---Hay Fever. A NEW HOME TREATMENT. Sufferers are not generally aware that these dis- eases are contagious, or that they are due toithe presence of living parasites in the liiitng ineinbruiie of the nose and eiistacliiuii tubes. .\Iicro.-icopii: re- search, however, has proved this to be ii fact and the result of this discovery is that a simple remedy has been formiilzitod whereby catarrh. catarrhul deafness and hay fever are periniinently cured in from one to three simple applications made at home by the patient once in two weeks. N. B.—This treatnient is not 3 anufi’ or an oint- ment; both have been discarded by reputable physi- cians as injurious. A pamphlet explaining this new treatment is sent free on receipt of stamp to pay postage, by A. H. Dixon & Son, 337 and 339 West King Street. Toronto, Ca.nada.—-C/z rfstimz Ad- zIocin‘¢'. Suflerers from Oaturrhal troubles should care- fully reiid the above. Di:nEiucK’s BALING PRESSES Of all size: and style: always an luiid. 1 ~ v i and durable. We make 11 W full line of steel cnsc They are superi- or tonll other-.1 " I in power, ca ' nu pncity and durability. for Adrlresis for circulars and location of agents, I’. K. DEDI-ERICK & C0., 40 Dederlek’s V‘Voi'ks, - ALBANY. X. Y. i,,ouiiia rrrs} on I gay cum I do not mean merely to stop em furgtime and than have them return again. I mean I ndicnl cure. I have made the discuss at FITS. EPIL- EPSY or FALLING SICKNESS a. lifelong study. I warrant my remedy to cure the want cases. Because others luvs failed in no reason for not now receiving 3 core. _ Send at once for a treatise and a Free Bottle nf m infallible rem . Give Express and Post Oflico. . B001‘, M. .. 183 Pearl 5:. New York. WANTED. ONE HUNDRED WOMEN AND GIRLS to work in our FEATHERBONE DRESS STAY or FEATHERBONE CORSET FACTORY. For wages etc., address. Warren Featherbone Co., Three 0ak9.‘1\I1ch. Q Q Rosy Complexion, Youthful Beauty, Pliimpiiess and loveliness are produced by Old Dr. Heath‘s Harm- less Arsenical Rejuvenating Wa- fers, and Black Heads, Plmples, Eruptions, Skin Diseases, Ulcers, Oatarrh, Hay Fever, Asthma, Lung Diseases eradicated. Perfect health is the mirror of be:iut_v, and only $1 -.1 box or six for $5. Mailed sealed. Free consultation at oflices, 291 Broadway, New York. fl E lid " _E RTELJ S ’:)‘1i:p[D RNV WNEFF. I0O‘E‘3l7l Q». mg; AGAINST ALLOYNEP FOR SALE. 12,000 ACRES GOOD FARMING LANDS, On Michigan Central, Detroit 8: Alpena and Loon Lake Railroads. Ai prices ranging from 82 to $5 per acre. Titles perfect. The-se lands are close to enterprising new towns, churches, schools. &c., and will be sold on most favorable terms. Apply to R. M. PIERCE. West Bay City, Mich. Or to J. W. CURTIS, Whittemore, Mich. Clubbing List with The Visitor. Both Papers Weekly Free Press . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..8I.o0 8i.25 Detroit Weekly Tribune . . . . . . . . .. 1.00 1.25 Cosmopolitan Magazine . . . . . . . . .. 2.40 2.40 St. Louis " . . . . . . . . .. 1.50 I'35 Demorest's " . . . . . . . . .. 2.00 2.05 Michigan Farmer “ . . . . , . . . .. 1.00 [.35 Farm Journal . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .70 Farm and Garden... ._ .80 Christian Herald . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . .. I.5o I.5o MONTANA, OREGON AND WASHINGTON. A correct map of the north west will show that the Northern Pacific Railroad traverses the central p0l’ll0ll of Miniiesota, North Dakota, Montana and Washington for a distance of nearly 2.000 miles;_ it is the only Railroad reaching Jamestown. Bis- marck, Miles City. Billings. LlV’lll}:SlOl1. Bozemi-iii. Missoula, Cheney, Davenport. Palouse City. Sprague, Ritzville, Yakima, Ellensburg, Tacoma, Seattle and in fact nine-tenths of the north-west cities. towns, and points of interest. ’ The Northern Pacific is the shortest trans-contr nemal route from St. Paul and Chicago to He-leii.i, Butte. Anaconda, Deer Lodge, Spokane Falls. \Valla Vvalla. Dayton and Portland, and the only one whose through trains reach any portion of tilt: new state of VVashingtoii. Land seekers purchas- ing Pacific Coast second class tickets via St. Paul and the Northern Pacific have choice from that point of free Colonist Sleeping Cars or Piilliiians Tourist Fiiriiislied Sleepers at charges as low as the lowest. Forthe benefit of settlers the Northern Pacific also gives a ten days‘ stop over privilege on second class North Pacific Coast tickets at Spo- kane Falls and each and every point west. includ- ing over i25 stations in Washington. thus enabling persons seeking a home to exziniine this vast terri- tory without incurring an expense of from 85.00 to 825.00 in traveling on local tickets from point to point. Insure for yourself comfort and safety by having the best riccoiiiodations afforded, thereby a\'(‘Il(llll};‘ change ot curs. re-checkiiig of D.’-l)£gE—.-\. E. (;Rl£l5N ... . _ . _ ... .\\’zilled1.:ike. Assn‘ S1‘!-‘.W.\R[>——l\l ‘. P. .\I.-\\'()..,l’».ittle Creel-2 Tin-‘. ' i-: --—E. A. STRONG _ _ . _ _ _ . _ . ._\'icksburg. Si-zciu-:i'Ai'"i'I.‘A'.'M..i>. M. A M. Ciu.CSTL&PDptlv P ‘I Fort Wayne ........ ._ar T0‘ 40'l 25' ....IV 720: 705 520 1.20;) Grand Rapids . . . . . . __lv 11 30: 10 7 ‘25 P4 1181:» P. M. A. . A. l\v[. . . Reed City .......... ..1v 2 4o 1 (‘rs I 9 46 ; Cadillac ... ..lv 4 15 2 5 10 45 I VVnlt0u . . . . .. ... 5 15 300 ill 31 9 45 rnwei-se City._ ..nr 6 40 ......i1‘2?.5p1035p retosiiey __u- 7 .-so 5 -2.5 i 1 so .... .. Mackinaw .......... ..nr 9 15 6 45 3 10 . . . . .. C. L. LOCK WOOD, G. P. & T. Ag‘t, Grand Rapids. E. BAKER, Agent, Kalamazoo. C. 8.: G. T. R.-\IL“'.-\Y. Jan. 19, 1890.—-C\‘.nll':tl Meridian Time. 'r1tAiNs VVES’l‘\\'Al{l). No. 2 No. is, No. 4 Exp. Exp. J Exp. Port Huron 1v __________ __ '7 16am 5 E-mini 7 24 pin Lupeer ‘ _ _ _ __ ._ H 31 It 7 2,; u 8 55 In Flini . . _ . .. .. 9 05 “ H 05 “ 9 45 " Durand . . 935 “ 8 48 “ 101141 “ Lansing 10 30 “ 10 00 “ 1130 “ Charlotte . 11 I10 “ :10 37 “ 12 U.-‘lain Battle Creek 1!)‘ . . .. '11 30 " 12 50 “ H * pm 1 00pm 100 “ Vicksburg _ . 12 50 “ 1 48 “ 1 48 “ Schoolcraft _ 1 U0 “ 1 58 “ 1 58 " Marcelliia _ _ 1 2'2 “ 2 20 “ A 17 " Caasopolla , _ 150 “ 2 52 " 2 45 “ South Bend. 2 35 “ 3 40 “ 3 35 “ Valparaiso _ ... 4 00 “ 5 ‘20 “ 5 1 “ Chicago , _ _ _ , _ _ _ , _ _ , _ _ _ l __ 6 25 “ 10 10 “ '7 30 “ TRAINS EAS'I'V\'Al{D. No. 1 No. 3 No. 5 Mail. Exp. Exp Chicago 1v ............. __ 8 40am 3 15pm 8 15pm Valparaiso . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11 25 “ 5 20 “ 10 30 “ south Bend ____________ _. 1 00pm 6 40 “ 12 00am Cassopolis ............. .. 1 50 “ 7 I7 “ 1‘) 45 “ Marcellus ............. .. 2 ‘20 “ . . — . . . -. 1 11 “ Scboolcraft ............ .. 2 4? “ ...... -. 1 33 “ Vicksburg . . _ _ . _ . _ . _ . . _ .. 2 55 " 801 “ 1 48 “ Battle Creek ll‘ ........ .. 3 45 “ 8 40 “ 2 30 “ “ “ IV _ _ , , _ _ , _ __ 4 05 “ 8 45 “ 2 35 “ Charlotte _ _ _ ‘ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ , _ __ 5 00 “ 9 27 “ 3 25 “ Lnnsing, ‘__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ ._ ‘S37 “ 957 “ 400 “ Durand ,. _ _ . . . . . .. 7 20 " 10 43 “ 5 03 “ F11nt______ ....... .. 300“ 1117 “ 540“ Lgpegr _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . __ 8 55 “ ll 48 " 6 17 “ Port Huron _ _ . _ _ _ . _ . , _ . _. I0 31 " 1 0531!] 7 35 “ No. 42, mixed, west, leaves Schoolcrnft at 9:50 3. m.. and No. 43, east, at 3:40 p. in. N03. 2, 3, 4 and 5 run daily. Tickets sold and baggage checked to all parts of Canada and the United States. For through rates and times apply to E. L. Crull, Local Agt., Schoolci-aft: W. E. DAVIS, geu'l passeng .-' agent, Chicago; W. J. Sricnn, gen‘l manager Detroit. \ -‘