Vol. XVI N0. 12 MICH., JUNE I 5, I801.‘ I __;.umr! #8‘? 1.001168‘ “THE FAIKMER IS’ OF MORE CONSEQUENCE THAN THE FARZII. AND SHOULD BE FIRST I.lIP1i’OI'ED." Whole Number 372 THE GRAIEE VISITOR. PUBLISHED SEMI-MONTHLY. -(Is! and 15th of ei‘Al".lllT)Onll1.: AT ‘rm-: ()1-rici-; or THE TRUE Noi , _ E1). VIsrro1t—l’ermit me to: make a brief reply. through your columns. to the criticismsof I. P. land wires. some leave old wood, , Bat“ to my '0l1'hUl0 hl .Y011l' l"cll’01' ‘others cut off to the ground every‘ Of the 15th "f Ma)’ 1'4“- lyear, and each one is positive! ‘that his ‘right. ing the first year; the secondl should be well established. The plan I follow now is to set 5 posts 46 feet apart with stakes‘ between every other vine to sup- [ port the wires. Stretch two No. g 11 wires. one three feet and the: other five feet from the ground. The point in pruning each year :lS to leave four canes to each Ewire, two on a level with the top wire a11d two on a level with the bottom one. Tie them along the :wires securely, but not tight enough to prevent the circula- tion of sap. If the location is frosty. leave two or three extra canes to be cut away. provided the frost does not do it for you. In pruning an orchard prune as little as you can after the tree is once established. While young it takes some attention to form a well balanced top. Most fruit trees require plenty of room to be productive. but I believe pear trees do better if somewhat crowded. Plums will also bear crowding, but require rich soil. Manure the fruit garden liber- ally in the spring. but never late in the season. Remember it takes good cultivation this year to produce a crop of fruit next fertilizers next year to perfect that crop. A word to those who do not ‘like to “putter”with fruit. VVhen you are in town some day drive around until you find some neat- ly kept garden with its variety of Vines and trees, then if you can, prevail upon the cultivator of that garden to accompany you home, tell him what you want and set him to work. Feed him well and if he charges you more than you have been in the habit of paying hired help, don't grum- ble but remember that he is do- ing work that you cannot do at any price. Last spring my wife and I had a little dispute as to the amount of fruit we consumed. I ventured the assertion that 5310 would cov- er the bill while she declared it would cost double that if we had it to buy. To settle the matter we agreed to keep an accurate account of fruit used during the and then good cultivation and‘: First I wish to tender him my way_ and no (,th..r’ iS,hearty thanks for his commenda--. The vine needs no prun- “Oh Of my l’3-P915 1 His first criticism is that I have ‘ grade will lessen the? number of either of these classes? l The census of 15-4H() affords us} no light upon this point. Its: classification of them refers to? sex, nativity and color. ;> If we attempt to draw the in- l ference that it was illiteracy in = the colored race which causedl them to furnish a large per cent. , of the prisoners of the countryl we might by parity of reasoning claim that the female sex of this‘ country must be much better educated than the males thereof. since they furnish but a small percentage of the prisoners of the country. The census only speaks of prisoners, not of crim- inals. In any deductions made res- pecting the number of criminals among the colored race, we must take into consideration the de- grading intluence of many gen- erations of slavery. with all its degradation and innnoralities. In reference to pauperism the census of 1880 places the colored race in better position than the white. since the colored race fur- nishes only 6.§per cent. of the coun- try's paupers, while they make up fully 11 per cent. of our pop- ulation. I think it will be conceded that the census does not show that education lessens pauperism and crime. A priori reasoning can have but little weight here. In reference to his second point "The state's claim upon us in time of war.” I reply that it has a sufficient basis in the un- dertaking of the state “to estab- lish justice, secure domestic tran- quility, etc.,” as stated in the pre- amble of the constitution of the United States of America. I do not understand Mr. Bates’ meaning when he says, “If the state can do nothing after the service is rendered,as seems like- ly to be the decision, etc.” Sure- ly the state (general government) is doing much for the services rendered by the old soldiers, as the $106,000,000 paid last year for pensions will sufficiently at- test. Ibcen cut quite early, The literate and illiterate have responded to their country‘s call for defenders with equal alacri- ty. and the govermm-nt has shown an impartial g1‘:Ltli\l(lo to each. (L W. "(w1'i.\‘«:. I)c-Witt. .\li('h.. June 1'». l‘ Z, T .....__..:...._.......,‘_#.._ _._.., 3-{.‘,_4‘ G-ra.nd’ma. and Little Child. "\\/hat am I thinking about.“ did you ask? \‘\y'ell. a body old as I be Docs gct kind of lom.-smnc sitting so still. And likes to speak things out, you scc. So child, sit right down, l'niglad_v(n1'vc comcin, Yes, take the old cat in your lap. My glasses3—well there. of course I might know I'd shoved them up over my cup. I was just wondering, when you come in, what could have possessed me that day. \‘\'lien Parson Wcst called to catcchise us, To hide in the hay—mow. away! You may think you wouldn't have done so, my dear, But young folks were sort of afraid Of preach;-rs then, and thc qut-stions Wtrrf.‘ hard Though I've often wished since that I'd stayed. Poor Juliajonc!-1! I was thinking of her, How she laughed in met-ting one time. The tithing man called her name: out so loud, It woke up old dczif I)c;t(:on I’ri1nt:. He used to grind all our grists. Uh. 'tv.‘as fun To go with my fatht-r to mill. Or ride on the sled when he drew the wood From the north lot, our the hill. Light up for mc. child? \\'z-ll. not just yt-t. plcasc. Thcsc winter days are “but a blink." But this was my fzttln.-1"s mill-ting time. and I love it) the twilight to think justhow he looked wlicn hr brought in the pails, Singing his favorite olsl h_\'nin—— “The day is past and «lune-"—motlu-r jnim-d. too, And Ruth, who sang alto, and jinx. “Arc thcy all (lcad now?" No, 1ny:l4:ar. not tlcazl. Thcy‘vt: only pzisscd into the skies; Into that everlasting life, which (iod, _ In love. for His‘ childri-n snpplics, I’ll see them all soon. Must you go now, Child? \Vcll. it’s lots of good you've done me. Ft-xv young folks would think it woith while to call On 2: body, old as I be. —Susan Tcall Perry, in Good llonst.-kccping. } —-—r --too»-~ - — - — The Needs of the Farmer. Some months since the Cosmo- politan magazine offered a prize for the best article by a farmer on “The needs of the farmer." The essay which took the first prize was published in the June number. The author is Abner L. Frazer, of Milford, Ohio. In his introduction he takes a very fair and reasonable view of the situation and says that while ag- riculture generally has sent up a wail of depression, there are far- mers who prosper—thrifty. en- terprising men who have under- taken new modes and objects of farming. or who have had suffi- cient money to conduct their bus- incss advantageously, or who have accumulated money by ex- cessive toil and the foregoing of home comforts. He thinks that the present trouble is the natural result of a derangement, caused by growing population and weak- ened soils. Agriculture suffers because it is in excess. Ulti- mately manufacturing and agri- culture will be combined i11 equi- table proportion and when that adjustment is naturally estab- lished. manufacturing. he thinks. will be less profitable than at pre- sent while farming will be more so. But although such improv- ed conditions come of steatly growth and are not made to or- der. several conditions of success and needs at the present time can be enumerated. Those which he names are briefly as follows: Contentment with the business. its environments and results. Intelligent and judicious farm- ing is perhaps the greatest need of the times. The productive power of most lands can be in- creased from 25 to 50 per cent. There must be skillful and intel- ligent use of implements based upon special knowledge of the requirements of the business. It is lamentable that the sons and daughters of the farmers have not taken more advantage of the opportunities offered by the ag- ricultural colleges. Farmers’ clubs, institutes, granges. alli- ances and fairs have been found to be excellent educators. and some one of these societies should be organized in every neighbor- hood. Capital is needed in farming as in other business. A comfortable house surround- ed with a well-kept lawn, shrubs and flowers, and a kitchen gar- den with an abundance of small fruits and vegetables. Good schools. A teacher whose greatest recommendation is small pay is the most extravagant thing in atownship. Farmers ought not to be com- pelled to work more hours than other bread winners. Farmers have hitherto voted their party ticket as it was given them by the party managers, but now they propose to assert them- selves and demand that the per centage of farmers in national and state legislatures shall be in- creased in ratio with their num- bers; that there shall be timely legislation to control monopolies and trusts before they become too many and too strong; that THE G-R..ANC+E VISITOR. gof great bodies of land by a few { owners: that the holding of large cows in all herds. about which‘with a view to deceit-g_ being/r ;tracts of land. especially by for-jfor capacity to yield milk very easily detected. ‘eigners. shall be prohibited; that; _ ‘ there shall be stringent legisla-iplan of the Western dairymanlshould have their teeth examined tion against adulterated and spurious butter, cheese. lard and food generally; that gambling in grain and other products through futures and options be abolished: that tax laws be readjusted so that all property shall be honest- ly returned and fairly taxed. If the nation is to continue its pro- tective tariff system. the farmers should see that they share the protective benefits equally with other classes. Fariners are demanded in log- islation as a conservative influ- ence in the coming revolution. Jsrced upon the public by mo- nopolists and extortionate combi- nations. "Finally." says the author. “looking forward. the prospect for farmers is hopeful. liclicf may not be immediate. Some may even have to succumb to circumstances. The entire trans- formation may require morc than a generation, but the conditions of prosperity are so great and so manifold that it will be impossi- ble for an interest as important as agriculture not to share in the general prosperity.” —- - -oc>-- - ~- Improvement of Stock by Selec- tion. Much time and labor may be wasted by farmers who attempt to improve their stock by selec- tion. but without recourse to well- known breeds. Farmers are not averse to improving stock. Like all other classes they prefer the best. but they do not take the easiest and quickest way to gain their objects. By selection of the best breeding purposes, every year. any stock can be made better, but some rule must govern the proccss of improve- mcnt by selection. as the first requisite is to fix certain charac- teristics in order that they may be transmitted to the progeny. Un- less the stock becomes better with each succeeding generation the process will be slow, and but little will be gained. In the past the founding of a breed has re- quired the etforts of fathers. sons and grandsons. while skill and patience are necessary in order to avoid mistakes. The farmer of the present day enjoys a great advantage. He is not dependent upon selection in order to grade up his stock. The work has been done for him. cen- turics of patient labor having given him breeds that are well adapted for cvery purpose for which stock is required on a farm. To attempt to improve a flock or herd by ignoring the breeds al- ready established is but to en- gage in a laborious undertaking that is more costly and irksome than the ordinary farmer will attempt. It is but right and pro- per for the farmer to select the best of his animals for breeding purposes. but to improve them in the shortest time he has the pure breeds to aid him, thus tak- ing advantage of the work done before he existed. There is but one way to improve. and that is to grade up the stock with pure bred males. as any attempt to improve by selection of the ordinary stock on the farm will only lead to endless disappoint- ments. There is no breed that will satisfy all. The breed for the farmer depends upon his method of farming. If he ships milk or produces butter he must use the breeds specially adapted to those objects. If he depends largely on the production of beef and wool he will find certain breeds to excel in those directions. With the pure breeds within his reach he has but to plan his work and arrange the details, and. to sue- ceed, his stock must be just what he requires according to his climate. soil and other conditions pretaining to his object.-Phila- delphia Record. é— The Fault is Yours. The failure of an animal to come up to all that you expect may be a fault of your own. Some little thing may be lacking, or there may be too much econo- mypracticed at a time when more liberality is an advantage. A dairyman found he had a valua- ble cow by mistake. as is men- tioned below by the Indiana» there shall not be the amassing Farmer : “There are doubtless manyi little is really known. and if the‘, was adopted more generally, thel eyes of owners would be opened 5 and things would be different. This dairyman thinking his cow did not pay for the food she ate. began feeding her for the butch- er. but continued to milk her be- cause he wanted what little milk she gave. Very soon this in- creased and she was supplied with more food. and he found in ; proportion as the rations were: increased the tnilk flow l)0cau1c greater. The cow continued to gain flesh under high feeding. which was continued until she was fat enough for the butcher. but before that stage was reach- ed her product had more butter than her meat would have hold for. The fault in this case was with the owner not with the cow. He had failed to furnish material to produce the best results. and so it is often. The only way to make dairying pay with certain- ty is to study the individual ca.- pacity of the cows for consuming food with profit. and treat them accordingly." In the above is shown the fact that the cow was capable of do- ing more than she was perform- ing. and was not given an op- portunity. With the increased feed came more milk. Any ani- mal that is a producer of an arti- cle should be fed with a view of deriving from it as much as pos- sible. ,_.__A_..,___ Veterinary Dentistry. Within comparatively few years a new profession has sprung into existence—that of veterinary dentistry. Until a few years ago all the dental work deemed necessary was to take a hammer and tcn-penny nail and knock off "wolf teeth" to keep the horse from going blind. but now teeth are extracted. not to keep the horse from going blind because they do not affect the animals eyes more than does any other tooth. but to keep a bit from pulling and loosening them. causing the Hrse to have a sore month. As as similarity of structure and kind of food ex- tend, horses’ teeth are subject to the same deteroria-ting influences as the teeth of man. They may decay and expose the nerve enough to cause toothache. as is sometimes seen when a horse takes a drink of cold water. caus- ing him to throw up his head or hold it sideways until the pain is over. Sometimes a tooth be- comes ulcerated. the accumulated pus often causing the jaw bone to bulge out. or it may break and discharge either through the nos- tril or upon the outside. forming a disagreeable running sore. A horses tooth is not covered on the outside with enamel like a- man's tooth, but the enamel is folded through the substance (dentine) of the tooth. The enam- el. being harder than dentine. is not wore away as rapidly and presents a roughened. grinding surface necessary to properly masticate coarse food. These roughened surfaces should not be filed off unless upon the edge of the tooth when liable to cut- the tongue or check. As horses’ teeth are worn away by contact with opposite teeth. they gradually grow out of the jaw bone until, in old horses, the teeth may simply rest upon the jaw. being held in place by the gums. If one tooth should be broken out, the opposite tooth is liable to grow until it becomes long enough to strike the jaw op- posite and produce a very sore mouth. making it difficult to eat. The results of diseased teeth are often serious and always im- portant. They are sometimes the cause of indigestion and colic because the food is not properly 1D&SlJiC&te<1- Sometimes masti- cation is so painful that a horse will scarcely eat at all, and be- come gradually emaciated. When the teeth are diseased the saliva usually has a disagreeable odor. Diseased or abnormal teeth are often the cause of the horses pulling on the bit, or upon one line, or carrying the head side- wise. and of other faults which can be remedied or removed by a good veterinary dentist. Dentist work. properly done. does not deceive any one regard- mg a horse's age, “bishoping" work done by unprincipled men ‘ Colts. under five years old. quite often. After their teeth are all shed at five years. every year or two. is usually sufficient. After a nice job of dental work that adds to the health. comfort and usefulnessof the animal. it would seem permissable. or be gratifying. at least. to "look a gift horse in the nio11th."~Dr. N. S. Mayo. in Industrialist. €-} — Potato Bugs. Should potato bugs be picked . off the plants and (I(_*Sll'()_}'(‘(l'.": This is a question about wliichi there is a great diversity of opin- Picking ion. Some say "pick" otliers say “poisou." "Tl1e.\'cw Potato Culture." takes a strong stand against potato bug picking. and cliaractcrizcs the practice as use- less and foolish. Perhaps it may be correct to regard the 1)l‘1l(,‘lim- as non-profitable on an extensive scale as would be nc<:essa1'y wlicro large areas are planted with po- tatocs: but we feel convinced that picking pays well on small plots. Our reasons for so think- ing may be stated in a few words. Picking prevents egglaying to some degree. and when practiced gives the grower a chance of al- so destroying any egg bunches that may be discovered. \Vl1en picking is not done. much dam- age is causcd by the bugs eating the leaves. If poison is applied. they eat the leaves all the same before they are killed: in fact. they must eat the leaves if the poison is to act successfully. When the Paris green is applied along with water from a sprink- ling can. the water evaporates or runs off rapidly: leaving the pois- on to precipitate upon the ribs of the leaves. This being the case the bug destroys the soft leaf unharmed. and do not suffer from the poison until the ribs have been eaten for lack of other more palatable food. If picking is thoroughly done in the garden or on small field plots. there will. we think. be less work for the poison to do later on. The Paris green should be mixed with a large bulk of land plaster or powdered lime and sifted wood ashes. Such a mixture gives the best results and is the most eco- nomical. The poisoned plaster may be applied to the vines by means of a scivc-lmttometl can. The application should be made when the dew is on the vines in the morning.—--Farmers I'lc\'i(2\\'. $9} Eating Fruits—Sha.ll Cream be Used With Them’? The late Mr. Downing. one of the foremost horticulturists of America. always claimed that no ripe fruits should be eaten with cream or milk. nor with sugar except when a little is needed to make up for any chance natural deficiency through the absence of sunlight in the final ripening. or by too early picking. He said there was a native and peculiar aroma with each kind of fruit, which is very grateful to the human taste when unperverted. and that this taste may be cultivat- ed to give very great pleasure. but it is weakened and largely smothered by cream. Also that the native fruit acids are valuable assistants to digestion and assimilation of food. but that this action is interfered with by the curdling of the milk in the cream taken into the stomach with the fruits. One will be surprised at the increased deliciousness of fruits after following Mr. Down- ing‘s advice for a while and using barely sugar enough to restore unnatural deficiency. -- --——— —-- - A Dog Trap. In a recent issue of the Farm- ers‘ Review we published an ar- ticle discussing the sheep-worry- ing dog question. life now see from the Southern Planter that a farmer down in that part of the country has lost worth of fine sheep by dogs and is har- rassed by legal proceedings for shooting the latter. A corres- pondent of the Journal montioned says: “Until sheep raisers are protected by law, they must de- vise all sorts of plans to protect themselves. I will give you a plan I have found effectual. Make a pen of any kind of rough; feet or more high. .~pcn mt-at. JUNE 15.1891 feet at the top. and about five Put in the bones and a small piece of fried meat. touching with the meat the outside poles (broiled meat best). Thc dog smells the meat and goes up on the outside of the pen. and jumps down into it through the top. I have caught over twelve dogs in this way, some of them com- ing five miles distance. most of them half-starved. wortliless dogs. I sometimes catch dogs belonging to my ncar neighbors. then I inform the owners and rc- qucst them to l{(1-op the (logs at liomc. If caught the second titnc. thcy must be killed. I have lost none of my sheep lately (but my ns-arost neighbor has lost seven). A good many dogs hLL\'o of Iill,(‘)'(‘il.1'.N' prowlcd about my yard at night. and eaten up young poultry. but now. not mic that couies about my premises cs- capos."—-—l":11'nicrs‘ licvin-.\v. ,.. . >, Poverty. Although it is‘o11<>ol' tl1cinys- tcricsi1nsol\'od. 11c\'ct'tl1olcs.s it is t1'11ctl1atg<-nius. the one great and noble gift to man. is nour- ished by povcrty. The greatest works of art or machinery liavo been and are still being acliicvod by the sorrowing ones of the world. ofttimcs in tears and dc- spair. If you desire to find the birthplacc of the true. genius. you need not go in the brilliant saloon furnished with every com- fort and elegance, nor in the li- brary well fited and stored with books. softly carpeted and look- ing out on a green lawn of broad expanse of scenery; you need not look among those who are born or live in easy afiiucncc. to find the birthplace of genius, but you will find it more frequently in adversity and dcstitution, amid the }ia.rrassing cares of a straigh- tened household: in bare and fire- lcss garrets. with the noise of squalid children. in the midst of the turbulent-.0 of domostic, con- tentions. and in the (loop gloom of uncheored despair. Such is its birthplace: and amid .s'cc11c.~'. like tl1cse., unpropitious. l'('1)lll- sivc. wretclicd men have labored. studied and trained tlicuisclvcs. until at last they have come out of the gloom of obscurity as the shining lights of their days. he- como the sought companions of the nobility. the guitlcs and teacliers of their kind. and have i11 many cases oxorciscd an iullu cucc upon the thoughts of’ tho world. amounting as it wcrc to a specie of intellectual legislation. Such are what we call st-ll’-uizulv men of the day. and they pride thcuisolvcs upon having bccn reared in the depths of poverty. .< . ,__, It is a reprehensible pracfico for the driver to jerk on the reins to make a horse increase his speetl, yet three-fourths of the men and nine-tenths of the wo1n- on do it. A well regulated horse, with a decent mouth. would re- sent suclr treatment in a way that would put such a driver in a flutter. The practice must inev- itably create a bad mouth. or makeabad one worse, and no man with any pretentious to horsemanship would drive in such a fashion. The animal should be trained to drive up in his bit. and his pace be accelerat- ed by a word of mouth. or failing that, the whip is the proper in- strument to be applied. But “clucking" and jerking on the reins in conjunction is the com- mon custom, and a very poor one it is. The good driving qual- ities of a horse are spoiled in this way. and he is soon denomi- nated a “plug” by those who know how to drive.—Farmers‘ Record. No matter how much merit a thing may possess. it has to be **pushed" before the eyes of the people. Even the Christian re- ligion would make little progress if it were not for the earnest band of men and women continu- ally carrying it to “all the peo- ple.” So of the Grange. Its good principles are well enough. but there must be more willing workers to carry these principles to all worthy farmers. It is much easier to take a portion of the mountain to Mohammed.0ver- come his prejudice. and tempt him to come after the rest than to take him to the mountain and expect him to swallow it at a cheap poles. about six feet square ; gulp before he has inspected a at the bottom and about three’ sample of it.—Grange News. cf JUNE 15,1891 TI-IE G-BANG-E VISITOR. .é&'I'E{®I\T’3 MANUFACTURER OF INGERSOLL’S LIQUID RUBBER PAINT. Ten 'l'lioiisaiid I’. of H. and Far mers testify they are best and Cheapest. WRITE US AND SAVE MONEY. CIlI“.l1). Iiidestriit-tilile P:l.Illi'.5 for ISARNS and OL'TB[' OFFICE: 243 Plymouth St, Brooklyn, N. Y. lILl)I.\'(£S. E) I) Bcautifiil Stiinplv (‘olor (':ii'd.< and Book tr’ I iistriit-t ioiis— I~’I{I£IC. We Guarantee Satisfaction. A Fish Hook Story. For the Grange Visitor. A company of ladies were one day, not long since, discussing the laws of heredity and various other subjects in regard to the natural bad propensities that some children seem to develop. One woman, of kindly face and gentle mannenexpressed so much sympathy for the children and thought the parents much more to blame than the children them- selves, and said that frequently the propensity of children to lie, cheat and steal. though laid to heredity. could be traced to a gradual educating in the way of evil. and if parents would be very watchful for the first appearance of these evil ways, and would in all kindness and gentleness point out to the child the wrong. and explain why it was wrong. using every endeavor to stimulate and cultivate in the child principles of honesty and truthfulness. so many might be saved from lives of shame and crime. and instead of being a trouble and shame to their friends. they might be, and should be. a joy and comfort, "VVhen my children were little.” she went on to say "I knew what they had as to playthings, toys and the nameless articles that ’ children delight in. I knew how they came by them and, I knew what they had in their pockets. Many a time have I found little articles. valueless in themselves, that I never saw be- fore and upon questioning the child kindly. so kindly that the little one knew that mother could have only the tenderest love for them. and only the desire to have them do right, have I found they had been traded for at school. And if I discovered that the child had the least idea that they had the better of the bargain, I tried to show them wherein they had done wrong, and how, and I al- ways insisted, kindly but firmly, that nothing must be left undone to right the wrong. The rule called Golden was explained and the idea inculcated and fostered, that right was the true principle of life and always brought hap- piness, and that wrong was wrong and never could be made anything else, no matter who committed it. and that it always brought sadness and sorrow.“ Another lady of the party who is wonderfully blest in her fami- ly of seven bright boys and girls and who bears a face beaming with a beauty that is not all of feature, said: "One of my little ones had a lesson the other day that I think and hope he will never forget." One day last week he wanted to go fishing. but after a most diligent search, no hook could be found. The wind was right, the sky cloudy, and he knew the fish were anxious to be caught. if he only had something to catch them with. Three miles and a half to town, no use to think of that, it would be night before he could get back. Again search was made. boxes and drawers were rumaged. but no hook. He knew a woman. a kindly woman who usually had fish hooks. and to her he went and borrowed one, promising faithfully to return it. He proved a good angler for be- fore it was time to bring home the cows, which was the limit of his pastime. he had a nice string of speckled, shining fish. One throw more and then for home. Somehow the hook caught some- thing that was not a fish and he lost it. With a brave face, but a sad heart, he went directly to the woman and told her he had lost the book. He was truly sorry, but it was lost. ‘ ‘Never mind, my boy, it was only a fish hook and I do not care for it,” were the kind words she gave him to quiet his sorrow for the lost fish hook. The fish were sent home by his sister while he went across the field to bring home the cows. On his coming home all were congratulating him on his success when his mother kindly inquired as to Where he found the fish hook. “Mrs. K— lent me one, and told her how sorry I was, but she said she didn‘t care. it was only a fish hook; wasn't she good. mother?" "Yes. my boy. she was good. and now you want to be good. You did right to go and tell her, but you borrowed it and promised to return it. You cannot return it, so you must re- place it. Your honor as an hon- est boy is at stake. it is a debt as much as though you had borrow- ed ten dollars and you must make it good with another hook." "But mother, she said she did not care for it." "She may not care." replied the mother. “but you must care. It is a debt. an hon- est debt. that I think my honest pass a turn stile all at once, is that none get through. We think’ that it is more sure of success to» attack the manifest wrongs froml which the farmers are suffering. singly. bringing our entire force. 1 if need be. to bear upon and‘ carrying the particular outpost of the enemy so overwhelmingly, that through the moral effect ofl our victory. the enemy would be! demoralized and less capable ofl resistance at the next attack. and thus Victoriously approachl the citadel. This is our criticism ‘ of methods which is no reflection , on the grand work which the: Alliance has undertaken. Therel are so many bonds of‘ interusij boy wants to pay. and if I were in your place I would pay it justi as soon as I could." 3’ Here the matter dropped. the ‘ inother wisely leaving it to the boy to think over and decide for himself. The next morning our little man announced to the other_‘ children that he was going to" town. Going to town. how canj you go? Every horse is at work. the corn ground is being fittedi and even mother can't have it horse and we guess if she can‘t f you cant: I l l that was what the children said. “But I must go to town." They would like to know what for. "I ; want to buy a fish hook." Then ‘ they laughed. but the boy. sensi- tive as any child could be. bore the laugh bravely, for the blessed mother smiled. and when mother smiled like that he could bear anything. The mother wanted to go to the city. and together. mother and son, walked three miles and a half so that the boy might buy a fish hook to pay an honest debt. It must have been a delightful walk. How proudly she must have looked upon her boy. and what a holy reverence that boy has, and always will have, for such a mother. A little thing, you say. a trifle. It was a stupendous thing and a wonderful epoch in that boys life. God bless the boys and give them such wise parents as this. M. A. IVIAYO. — — ———<-0->- The Farmers’ Alliance in New l i 1 . l York. We are often asked for an opin- ion regarding the Farmers’ Alliance. which appears to be rapidly increasing in member- ship in the State of New York. If our reply was to be of the briefest we would say it is a good movement and calculated to be of great benefit to farmers throughout the county, but at this stage we must be permitted to place ourselves on record for future defense as saying that its platform of principles contains some things that would not re- ceive our endorsement. Like all new enterprises it at- tempts too much, and by attack- ing the enemy in mass risks the victories that might be attained in detail. When the banner of reform is raised dissatisfied ele- ments froin all parties flock to its standard with the hope that their special grievance or wrong may be righted. This inevitably leads to the adoption of a great variety of ‘*principles" none of which com- mand unanimous support, but are for the time accepted from motives of policy with the hope, as success crowns their efforts, they may be able to reform and thus achieve what the wise teachers of a new movement may desire. Then again, another element of discord, disgrace and defeat with barnacle fastness at- taches itself to the would be Ship of State and impedes progress. This element or class are com- prehensively known as political soldiers of fortune, camp follow- ers, disappointed office seekers, and what is Worse than all, the political bummer. No possible harm can ever come from a fair discussion of even wrong pro- positions, as public sentiment when left to itself. in the end levels all things to the platform of the “greatest good to the greatest number.” and, mother, I lost it. I went The result of a crowd trying to and sympathy between lIl(*.3 Grange the I<‘:i1'ii‘iei's‘ Leagues and , the Alliance that. although we may not in some particulars vor- dially co-operatewe cannot afford, to work against each other. We. as a (lrange. have been too suc- cessful Ill our eft'orts in helialf of the agricultural class to let a‘ petty feeling of jealousy show itself in the slightest degree. So we say God speed Lhol Alliaiice and at the saine tinie. slit-cess to the Fariners’~Le;igiies. , —'I‘Itl!~‘«I)1ll'l(IlllElll. -4103’ A Word for the Grange. It is not always easy to iin-j press the mind of the f'ai'iner who lives in a section where the Grange is unknown, with a fair idea of the value of this most excellent institution. VVhile needing as no other class needs. the advantages of co- operation and the social features of the Grange. he has lived so long without them that he does not. asa rule, regard them as necessary~in many cases not even desirable. When this in- fluence is once overcome and the Grange established. he wonders that he so long deprived himself and his family of this valuable aid in making life pleasant to all concerned. His regular visits to the Grange, accompanied by his wife and part of his family, brighten up his in- Al45 SEWING MACHINE lor$l5, Including One Year’s Subscription to this Paper. :\lIiIlt'>s, ‘v\III1IIl\'IIlHll'), \\’e li;i\ e iiiade SllK‘IlZll’|'.’lI'lL'1‘IIl('ll(S as enable us to I)II(‘I the Chicago SINGER SEWING MACHINES Iii the :iliow- low rrites. TIiis_iii.1<‘Iiint- is iiiridc af- IV!lIIl‘I.lI¢'hIlll{\lIt‘I<‘(1fEll!‘§III[{('fIlIfl(‘IllI|t*5, and l\'.'Iiit‘If¢‘r'I fzir .\lIlllIt' iii \Il.'l[|('. niiizitiic-iitntioii (KIILI illtlllullllllft‘. All the putts ZITE: iimtlc to gziiige t‘,\£Ir‘II}' III!’ \.lllIl‘ 1l\IIlt Siiigrr. .ll1(I .ii'c (‘(>Il.\Il'|l(‘I cil HI lII't'(‘I.\('I}' III!‘ s.tiiii- iii.ltt.-rials. The llII[ivv\[ (‘.'|lt'i~t'xt'I'(‘1\i(III1lIlt'St'I1'(‘lIt\IlOf XIII’ IIlI'lt'II\ ust-<1. . lid onlv lI|t' VUIV‘ be-st qii.iliiv is lJllI‘(‘Il.'|.\I'lI: I{.'ir‘li Il1.’it‘IllI]l' is IIl(>l\\llL'IlI_V' wt-ll iii.iili- aiiil is fitted witli lllf‘ titiiiiist iiirriy ziiid t"(- .'ir‘tn< x~.. and no lll.l(‘Illllt' is pi-riiiittml luv tilt‘ iii- .‘~[|l'L'l\)I'l\\ go out of III(‘ slinivs until it has I)('¢'ll tnllx (t'\l1'«I .iml ]il’<-\".'tI to (Ill p.-ii.“ wl.,],;_ _[nd iiiii light .iz.il iiitlii-iit iini-.t-. Tli_4- ( Ill4'.||1i) Sing: i I\I.i: IIIIII‘ lizis ll \'l‘l\' impet- I.IIIl iinpiiiii IIIt‘Il( in .i Iikllvkl‘ II.lI.iIll'(‘ \\'Ilrt l_ \'J ruii.l.l.l-R 'i;(»iii‘il\"S< ‘S(I'[l\‘IIi\I\\' ii”<"‘iU‘\T __ .. ..... . .,.. .-., , (..\L <.i~. 5Ll(l;\\. Irll.-( .\.\. nil.-.1 with oil. and l.V.\”ll\'l’t”l’lt>N lltitilx‘. The I'.ii\iii-' '.':lii-vl on this IIllU‘IlIlll' is l'L)I), We will send a, ) in iii) 0l(fa‘BullI VIIOIIII for $2. _ '-’ k ii gens ‘intro '19 in, (nip fit ' ‘Mn 1] ‘_ } lplo Bridge, ]‘:IlUIIIZ(‘d Pegs llJl(i,.!'i‘ilII-rl|I)]IfiE‘0 In- ii ( vi if i enrI..‘-inulteys nod Bowwitli Ivory 'I‘rinimings, Music Book of Iristruetlons, containing Ovorg-igh[_y.flve IIILTCS of Choir-e and Latest Selections ofllusic. all pack. ed in a neat strongvase. $2. 310 George Chrlsty Banio, $3. Maple Shel Sheepskin licml, Silve ’ —~ - ftlgficvl liiiii. hIl')tLl.I }‘It'«'l'I }"1!.SIt‘nIIlgS, § ‘m~‘“l"!.f9. Look ofliistriictions. A_ll Inneot Coat: 03. $10 Celebrated Aimee Guitar, $3. Mapleiinitationofliom-rwo(xI,Ehony mmmlnirs, l'm«-nu Head‘, Pellrl In- .r:t:.°i.i:*.*ii'°:id W- . ., so co’ _ ‘ Selr:-dllfiin? by Postal Note. Send Stumtiiisoir-.(i‘Iii‘iii;igJ:g‘i12 INCOLN & C0.‘ Chicago‘ Illinois. ii Rosy Coinploxioii, Yoiithlul Beauty, Plumpiiess and Loieliness are produced by Old l)r. Heath’s Harm- less Arsenical Rejuvenating Wa- fers, and Black Heads, Pimples, Eruptions, Skin Diseases, Ulcers, Catarrh, Hay Fever, Asthma, Lung Diseases Ul’:I.(II(':Lt1‘(I. Pt‘l'I0(‘L Il(':'lIiIl tellectual f3,(-,u]1igg_ 319/nut} ‘ is the lllll'I'i_)l‘(:f_I)(‘:ll1l)', and only :1 attrition—rubbing together ofl:f"J:"]‘,::fi‘:;;“I?‘ If‘-lI,”_1I”.l,.:;‘”]L‘;IlI,|§.ii“i‘ mindsalways resultsinabrigl1ter§fi:.,, y,',,.1\-_ '1 0 HI’ " W 4)’ mind. Old prejudices are thus ,3 :i_ worn away and the ground is made ready for the reception of —~----— - - —--———--—- —-~--— new ideas. To his wife on the CHOICE farm. the Grange is a gift to which it would be hard to do I . f justice. If the farmerbe isolated. how much more isolation is there AND in the life of his wife, and how much more does she need the pleasant break in life’s monotony which the Grange so effectually supplies? The young folks of the farm. so fast as they reach the proper age, are also taken into this beneficent organization. They learn the rules of deliberative bodies. readily acquire skill as debaters and are so fitted to be- come better citizens. The wonder is. not that the Grange is prosperous. but that it is not infinitely more so. when we reflect upon its real value. _..._......,-.__- ..- The English Sparrow. Years ago we had both a house for blue birds and another for wrens. which were regularly occupied by these favorites. When they migrated later in the season, the sparrows took pos- session, but the blue birds and wrens both drove out the spar- rows. This they did for several years, affer which they grew tired of the struggle and left never to return. A large colony of martens in a neighboring town were served the same way. Year after year they drove out the sparrows when the spring came, but they too got weary in well doing and gave up the task. We would rather have one pair of wrens or martens about the house than all the sparrows of England. The latter are not entirely graminivorous, they do eat some worms and insects. They are a calamity in that they drive the wrens, martens, blue birds and others away. —-Husband man. French Coach Horses. Our latest itnprirtations give us a large number of iiiiportcd Stallions and Mares, Iruiii which pur- chasers can select 3 PRIZE WINNING COACH HORSE. VVe gtiarantee our stallions to he foal getters, and all are well broken. stylish fellows, with good action and high individual inerit. Send for cata- logue. CLEVELAND BAY HORSE C0,, Paw Paw Mich. DBAFNB S S, ITS CAUSES AND CURE. Scientifically treated by an aiirist of world-wide repiitatioti. I)c2iIiiess erzidiczited and entirely cured, of from 20 to 30 years‘ standing, after all other trentiiiems have failed. }Iow the difficulty is rcaclierl and the cause reinovetl, fully E!{pIi\Ifl(:(‘I iii circulars, with ztffitlaviis and 1t*SllIll0I1lC|I5 of ctires from prominent people, tiiailctl free. I)l'..>\.I*‘0KT.-IINE, 3-1 ‘V .1-[Ill st .,l\' .1’ . FARMING IN CENTRAL MICHIGAN. Statistics show that Farming in Central Michi- gan pays best. Lands are cheap and productive. Schools, railroads and markets are near at haiid. Some choice bargains can be had. Those wanting a home write me for a sample price list pamphlet. Sent free. 377 B. W. HOPKINS, MT. PLEASANT, Isabella Co., Mich. A SUlllllllER SCHOOL For lhose who wish to prepare for teaching or take Business or Short Band course. will open JULY 6, at 7PARSON’S COLLE oo, Mich. TEACHERS’ COURSE $1.00 per WEEK. Applications already coming in from all parts of the country. Pa ions’ Plow Co. (/7111; 7'l,\'1l0II.\'l7I]I' 1’/m/~ ('0. ,w/l[n_r/ I./{rm-1 to I'r([run.~* tit ll'l1u/r.~'rtli' l’1'z'v-:;.~<, Oldest Plow Works in N. Y. State. All Sizes of Field Plows, Subsoil, Ditching, Gang and Potato Plows. See our Plowfiéefore Buying. OUR POTATO PLOW is the best liilling plow in the iiizirket, wortli doiilile any SIIlJ\'L'I plow in use. Buy no other. OUR (EANG Pl.()\VS for ()l‘(‘Ila|'d‘ Hops and Small I-‘i iiit culture Imvt: no equal- Tnkes the plttftt of Field Ciiltivator, and for fail‘ low plowing do better work than any other ini‘ pleiiiem. \Vrite at nnre for circiilzirs and prices. no risk in linyiiig of HS. SAi‘isi-’Ac’i'ioN GL'Al.-wen IN This WOI\'LI) rifts- LISIIEI) ON A I<‘.'iR.\I.‘,i Vi/.15 cliaiigt,-d from a Sttllli-lll0[llIlIy to a wcclxly publication, Jan. xst, rlioi. Its Siibscribtion rates are as follows: 1 copy, I yt~:ii', 5 Lori 2 copies " .95 trlllill V 1.90 3 " “ .90 “ 2.70 4 (I ll _§g5 |A 34,) 5 ll .. ‘SO It 400 Iliszin 8-page pzipcr and all home print, and the official organ of tlic Graiige in Illinois, VVis- consiii, Iowa and .\1issoiiri. N. B.—To introduce the GRANGE NE\VSto the readers of the VISITOR we will send it a full year to the FIRST HL'NI)l(ED sending in their sub- scriptions for 85 Cents each! Sample copies free. GRANGE NEWS PUBLISHING CO.. OLD HARMONY, ILL. Glubbing List with The Visitor. Both Papers Weekly Free Press . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8I.oo $1.25 Detroit Weekly Tribune. . . . . 1.00 1.25 Cosmopolitan Magazine... . . 2.40 2.40 St. Louis “ .. .. 1.50 1'35 Dcmorest’s " 2.00 2. 05 Michigan Farmer “ 1.00 r35 Farm]ourna1.... .25 '70 Farm and Garde Christian Herald Atlantic Monthly . . . . . . .50 '80 1.50 4.00 I SELL OARTS direct to oonsumerutwuonnsnnl prices. You cah save the om me. Circulars free. Address W. II. SIIIIMEDLEI, - Mention this paper. Goldwater, Michigan. 4 THE GRANGE VISITOR. JUNE 15, 1891 THE GRANGE VISITOR. Published on the 1st and 15th of every month. A T 50 CEIVTS PER A .*'\'NU.l/. A. C. GLIDDI-ZN. Editor and Manager, PAW PAW, MICH. E‘Remittences should be by Registered Letter, Money Order or Draft. Entered—at 5: Post-Oili:e~at_l3;w7l>aw, VMich., as Second Class Matter. To Subscribers. Send money when possible by either postal note or money order. We prefer a dollor bill for two subscribers. to 50 cents in stamps for one. The bank will take the dollar,but they refuse the stamps. VVe shall send the paper only so long as it is paid for. If you wish it continued. a prompt re- newal will keep it constantly coming and save us the trouble of making the changes. If numbers fail to reach you. or your post- oflice address is changed, notify us at once and we will gladly send another number and make the de- sired change. Packages of papers will be sent to all who desire them for distribution. Send the names of your friends on a postal card when you desire to receive sample copies. . ———— ..~¢3>-=—<- The Lansing Legislature. It is a sad commentary on a representative form of govern- ment. when ideas and ideals for- mulated in the public mind, can- not be expressed through repre- sentatives elected for that espec- ial purpose; when a state which has a reputation for conserving and fostering the virtues which adorn an enlightened people is shamed and humiliated by de- bauchery, bribery and other im- moralities; when shyster prac- tices assume the guise of wisdom: when bigotry and ignorance be- come formidable factors to op- pose legitimate and necessary appropriations; when buncombe and brass squelches modest mer- it and relegates business alacri- ty into innocuous desuetude. VVe shall tread on no political corns by fitly characterizing and exposing that mockery of dignity which is illustrated frequently at our State Capitol. All parties are in it, even to the farmers‘ party, yet we would not be un- derstood as criticising all the members. There are farmers in both houses who are a credit to any constituency; there are law- yers of probity, who are strong for the right; there are business men Whose voices are heard al- ways on the side of equal privi- leges for all. All honor to these. We run over the list (much smal ler than it should be) with pride. They deserve well of their dis- tricts in future. to aid them in washing themselves clean of the tarring which must attach to members of this session, from rubbing against those who have made it odious. The reports of bribery which have got into the papers are only supplementary to those which are heard on the street. The published accounts of midnight revelries, with pugilistic accom- paniments, have addenda, and revisions which, for very good reasons. have a restricted circu- lation. A little coterie of con- genial spirits are said to go reg- ularly every Saturday down to Detroit to remain at one of the swell hostelries over Sunday, to gamble and get boozy under slight restraint—hiding from their constituents their misde- meanors, who would be horrified at a revelation of the facts. These are samples of the stories afloat to the further discredit of our legislature, whose _standing is low enough, in all conscience, by its public manifestations of in- capacity. Never was there such a heterogeneous collection of characters as are there repre- sented. The ward pettifogger, who airs his knowledge on all occasions; whose argument is an array of words, and whose reason- ing is bluster. Opposed, and in contrast to him is the modest man from the farm. who re- frains fromsounding his little bugle, which is really in accord with public harmony. for fear of the fog horn at his elbow. There is the composite what-is- it part politiclan. preacher and pettifogger, hoisted at last upon his long sought pedestal, to win fame by his wit. The agitator is there. of course. several times over. It is a very light substance which came to the surface in the ebu- lition of last year. It is lucky for the personators that this ma- terial can be used now. for it will never he wanted again. Good level headed. hard sense is there. but in the minority. It is found in all the parties represented. If a character is ever needed to illustrate a travesty of legislation the imagination need not be drawn upon to furnish one. It is an illustration of an attempt to accomplish the impossible through impossible means. The present legislature ought to be example enough to last for many years, of the folly of send- ing men up to Lansing who are self constituted statesmen—men with a “mission,” or with a po- litical “bee in their bonnet." Every one of them will be wed- ded to his specialty and other needed legislation wiil languish. s————— — Farmers’ Association. This meeting of farmers held its 12th annual festival at the home of Mr. and Mrs. B. G. Buell, on Little Prairie Ronde. on the 4th of the present month. The fourteen miles’ drive between Paw Paw and Mr. Buell’s farm was a pleasant feature of the oc- casion, Giving an opportunity to see the condition of crops and to test the mettle of the teams over the fine roads along the route. Twenty-eight persons went thus from Paw Paw to attend this meeting. arriving before the din- ner hour. The seating at the ta- bles was arranged after a very unique fashion. Hand-painted cards, bearing the name of the guest, and on the reverse a sen- timent or quotation, was placed upon each plate. The list for each table was read off, and each person was to find his or her seat by the record of the name on t-he cards. When all were seated they found themselves arranged in congenial pairs -— Cass county gentlemen doing honors to Van Buren county ladies, and vice versa. Our readers in this state will be interested to know that this pleasant episode was due to the skill and ingenuity of the Secretary of the Michigan State Grange, Miss Jennie Buell. daughter of the host. The cards were preserved as souvenirs of the occasion, and the sentiment read by each guest in turn served to spice the occasion with a. lit- erary flavor. The farm inspection revealed every crop in good order, with excellent promise of a good yield. There are 135 acres of wheat on the ground, 60 acres of which followed oats last year and was put in with a pulverizer without plowing—going over the ground twice, the first time with four horses abreast and the second with six horses, having the seeder in front and a smoother in the rear, thus finishing up at the rate of 20 acres per day. From stub- ble to sowing occupied only six days, with one man, to sow the field. At the rate of $5 per day for man and teams. the crop was put in for 50 cents per acre. andi the wheat is good for 20 bushels‘. or more per acre.. Here is an il- lustration of growing wheat cheaply that is worth consider- ing. A car-load of steers were found grazing in a60—acre field of clover with a large stock of hogs and a. fine bunch of likely colts. The farm of 400 acres is one of the best on the prairie, is well arranged for convenient working and its fine trees surrounding the buildings make it one of the pleasantest farms in Southern Michigan. The first paper on the program —"Society" was read by Mrs. D. Woodman. It will appear in a future number of the VISITOR and no abstract will be attempt- ed. Mr. G. E. Breck believed that the best part of us is cultivated by good society. The best is none too good. He believed in getting into the select 400. wher- ever that is found. Some of us are apt to ignore the rules which govern society, but we should try to fit ourselves into the grooves which have been worn by custom, so as not to appear sin- gular. He was pleased with the sentiment of the paper, that good homes and good society go hand in hand. Jason Woodman: Society is the great civilizer and educator of the race. There is a differ ence between urban and suburban people. which is not so apparent in a seated company as in their mingling together and in conver- sation. The singularity which is noted in the farmers bearing, comes from his isolation. Socie- ty removes the rusticity which sometimes adheres to country people. Itis the contact of mind with mind that polishes the lives of men. An agreeable pres- ence has an influence even upon dumb animals. The kind of so- ciety one comes in contact with is shown in our manners and in away that cannot be misinter- preted. J. J. Woodman: Society is the very life of civilization‘; it is the outgrowth of a system of mental culture that marks the progress of a people. If you wish to discover the effect of mingling together, look around you. The last few years have brought a great social revolution. It is our duty to help make soci- ety useful and pleasant. Mr. W— believed -that he also was a benefactor who made two laughs come where but one came be- fore. E. P. Mills believed music to be one of the aids in the improve- ments of society and that it was especially helpful in farmers homes. Mrs. Buell would make punc- tuality one of the virtues of life. The pleasures of society as well as some of the other essentials, are greatly aided by being punc- tual. E. L. Warner said that a per- son may be educated intellectu- ally and still if they are not in harmony with the spirit of socie- ty, their knowledge is of no avail. Mrs. A. M. Bangs read a paper on “Ill Temper,” which will also soon appear in the “ladies’ col- umn;” not that it is more appro- priate there, but that Mrs. Gould was present and appropriated it as an attractive feature for her page. E. P. Mills quoted the follow- ing aphorism as voicing his sen- timent: "A hasty temper will divide The choicest knot that may be tied By ceaseless, sharp corrosion. A temper, passionate and fierce, Vi/ill suddenly your joys disperse, At one immense explosion." He added that he had little char- ity for‘ the man who does not control both his temper and his habits. J. J. VVoodman: Temper is the real man: the trouble is that it is not governed. But as we suc- ceed in subordinating it. we be- come more and more agreeable to each other. and approximate the perfect type of humanity. B. Hathaway: The paper touches our temperaments so nearly. that we feel delicate about talking upon it. Temper is the basis of all the powers of good we possess. It is frequently only an excess of virtue; when good and evil balance each other we have perfect types of humanity. A. C. lrlidden: Temper can be toned down by the action of the will. If we simulate good tem- per. even when in a rage, we are very likely to become good tem- pered. Mrs. Buell: The control of our evil natures is what distinguishes us from brutes. Mrs. B. Hathaway believed that it required more strength to overcome ill temper than almost any other evil. It comes upon us at unguarded moments, and works its evil before we gather strength to combat it. However much we may strive against its power, we shall probably always have sufficient to balance the bet- ter virtues. Jason Woodman stated that it was the peppery man who al- ways had his right respected. No one liked to tread on his toes, and so the line fences next his fields were usually well looked after. Nothing is quite so bad to foster a bad temper, as a const- and nagging and recounting petty disturbances in the family. Small annoyances can be magni- fied into calamities, and keep one in a constant worry. Mrs. C. W. Young gave a fine recitation. which was foollowed by a paper upon “Fruit Culture” which appears on the first page of this issue. The discussion of the last paper was cut short by the necessity some were under of leaving early, which was regretted, for no pleasanter company have been gathered together for a long time than were the farmers and their wives of these two localities. The September meeting will be held at the fruit farm and home of Mr. and Mrs. A. H. Smith, of Paw Paw. who promised to re.- gale the Association with peaches, if the present promise for fruit did not fail. -ss__+-._..* - Marketing Wool. It is evident from the indica- tions that this is to be a fight-dog- fight-bear market with manufac- turers and dealers lying low to scalp the farmers. The wool- growers on their part feel that their product should bring more money than it did last year, and they will demur at prices which are now talked of. It is probable that dealers have not made much money from last years’ clip, and this fact makes them wary, and they hope by nagging the market. to induce the belief among farm- ers that prices will permanently lower and thus scare the crop in- to market early. Our belief is that domestic wool is good properity to hold at 25c—the price which it is sought to establish for average wool. There is more effort than usual being made to induce growers to consign wool to commission men both in eastern and in western markets. Chicago wool houses are sending out men to scour the country for this purpose. It is an indication that there is an un- dercurrent of belief and faith that prices will be higher further along. If wool is to be held,‘ the . profits. farmers store room is the best place for it. It is a well establish- ed conviction that commission men do not depend upon their commissions entirely for their Fruit men have 1-935011 to be quite skeptical on this point. There are methods of sorting wool and making returns that are open to the criticism if not the charge of dishonesty. When wool is shipped to Bos- ton or to any eastern market. the wool is first “graded". and then offered for sale. All may be sold but one grade in the first 30 days and this grade remain for Eli) (lays. Returns will not be for- \\‘a-rded until the last pound is sold. But this is not the worst feature. The coimnission men say the wool is sold on (‘>0 days time. that is. the farm<-r's wool is hunded over to the iiianiifacturcr to be made up into cloth. and he is given time to sell it before he pays for the wool. If the farmer gets any money. six per cent is charged for it for the time until returns are made, but the manu- facturer gets the wool for the time for nothing. Our belief is that this per cent gets into the pockets of the commission men in some way. Manufacturers are certainly able to pay for wool when they purchase it, or else be carried by the banks instead of by farmers. There can be a good deal of ledgerdemain practiced in sorting wool. A fleece that would grade delaine in one instance will go in the X pile at another, and knock off three to five cents per pound. The grading is seldom up to sam- ples sent. Our belief is that u lot of chicancry is practiced here as there certainly is all along the line. The dealer maligns the farmer for cheating in question- able practices. and still holds out the bribe for it by paying the same price for dirty and undesir- able wool as for that which is clean an d respectable. Wool that has been soaked a certain length of time on the sheep in the water sells for six to ten cents more per lb. than that shorn early, which is clean- er and will shrink less. l*‘ar1n- ers are quite as sharp as dealers, and so long as this kind of tac- tics is kept up. so long will man- ufacturers find dirty wool and untidiness in the fleeces. In the interest of humane treatment and clean wool, sheep should be shorn before turning on pastures. Then nature de- clares the fleece superfluous and turns it out in the best possible shape for manufacturing. But the edict of one-third off for such wool compels the grower to prac- tice the multiplied cruelties of dragging the sheep into the wa- ter, exposing it to flies and mag- gots and filthliness and the swel- tering of hot days, to answer the demand for “clean wool.” It is all an outrage and reflects upon the judgment of the manufactur- er, who is responsible for it. Our advice to farmers is to hold the wool as long as possible, but sell rather than to borrow at the bank to meet maturing obli- gations. Don't put too much faith in what buyers say. They are all coached to say certain things which are supposed to in- fluence the holder to sell. Keep a stiff upper lip and one eye on the sorter. ¢_.. ED. VISITOR: Butler Grange is still alive with a membership of 58 in good standing. We hold our meetings every two weeks. with a full attendance. Those owning binders are much inter- ested just now in securing binder twine at 8% cents against 130. last year. Long live the VISITOR. M. L. EVENS, Sec’y. —— — —~—<—o}j-— —— — Halls Hair Renewer is free from al- cohol and dyes that injure the skin. It is scientifically prepared, and will re- store gray hair to its original color and vigor. , __._ .. ii ,, ii ll 1 v » 3, JUNE 15,1891 The Old Apple Tree. lle:re‘s the old apple tree, where in boyliood X The members Of the Grange’ sported. array of lawyers could secures made many long trips. and paid \Vhen my heart was as light as the blossoms it car fare and other expenses’ bore; Where my old maiden aunt by the parson W85 courted, in her prim cap and gown such as ladies then wore. On this rude oakeii bench, ‘neath bending houilh5 seated. While the wild bee was humming its soiig in the tree. There we children oft-times by our elders were‘ treated To share with their gossip some cakes and weak ‘[58. Look: here are the names of the niaiiy now sleep ins. Of dear parents and kindred long E0115 ‘O ""3 toiiih; The old apple tree. like a true friend, is heaping The oak bench they sat on, with beauty and bloom. hi the glad days of spring, when the spirit rejoict-s, \Vlien the old apple tree looks as gay as :i bride, 1 Could dream that I liezird every one of the voices of the friends who sat lien: on the bench at my side. Eu.-iy riidcly curved nanic has a story to It'll me-— And that true lover's knot, I rcmciiiher it well: li was carved on the day when my tirst grief bcfel me. The day of my parting from sweet lsaht-l. (jh! the old apple tree, where in boyhood I sported, And the rude oakcii bench. they are still in their place; lint the dear lioiiseliold faces whose welcome] courted, They have vanished and left me the last in the race. —H. Coyle, in Vit:k's Magazine for May. -‘W 9 W-' The Grange against a. Powerful Transportation Corporation. To some of us who have been working in the Grange cause for many years good progress is plainly to be seen. THE FIRST STEP. We remember the time years ago when it was first talked in Grange meetings and papers that the railroad corporations should be checked in their ex- actions and discriminations. How the city press and the railroad lawyers said it must not be. "these fariners have no right to pass such laws." "it is interfer- ing with private property and vested rights," “it is a violation of agreements. contracts and chartered privileges.” But up- on test cases carried to the Unit- ed States supreme court the far- mers of the Grange were sus- tained, Chief Justice Waite using the famous words. “it is a prin- ciple too long forgotten and never again to be lost sight of, that the creature must be sub- ject to the Creator." The people in granting the charters became the creators. and “the power to control a charter exists among the people granting it, even to its absolute dcstiuction." It was a great victory. ANOTHER i‘0itwA1tD STEI’. Then came the long years of battle with congress. and espec- ially with the United States senate. which ended in the pas- sage of the inter-state commerce law, preventing discriminating charges, pooling of earnings and requiring all rates to be publicly posted in railroad stations. A number of notable cases have been tried before the interstate commerce commission and the side of the people generally wins. But it has remained for the Patrons in the state of Deleware to win the most noted battle of all. The Delaware farmers years ago helped with their money and the right of way to build a. rail- road through their state so that they might reach the great mar- kets of the country with their farm products. The road was in time gobbled up by the great Pennsylvania road with its up- ward of one hundred millions of dollars of capital. It extended its system further south. tapping the great Norfolk. Va., truck farming and fruit district, and because of the competion they found at Norfolk in the steamers, they fixed rates of freight on an average of thirty-three per cent. lower than they charged the farm- ers of Delaware who were 150 to 200 miles nearer the same mar- kets. AND NOW A VICTORY. Delaware has for long years had in each of her three counties many good, active Granges. Four years ago, with A. N. Brown as Master of the State Grange at the front. in the name of the State Grange of Delaware a case was brought before the interstate commerce commission. Then came “hearings” with all the delays and postponements that the great corporation with its I while the crowd of railroad wit- nesses came on free passes. But .“right is might. and right the day must win." The commission‘ decided the casein favor of the complainants. The points decided are briefly as follows: For a special ser- vice. such as the transportation ,of perishable freight, requiring quick movement. prompt deliv- ery at destination. special fitting up of cars. their return empty on fast time. a higher rate than for the carriage of ordinary freight is warranted by the con- ditions of the service and is reas- onable and just. But the higher rate for a spe- cial scrvice should bear a- just relation to the value of the ser- vice to the traffic. While a car- rier should be fully compensated the public interest require that the trafiic should not be rendered valueless to the producer. if the charges of the carrier have such an effect and can be reasonably reduced. It was found that the charges on certain articles specified were excessive and a reduction of 20 and 25 per cent. was ordered. The reduced rates are still in many cases considerably above the rates on the same articles from Norfolk; the showing not being sufficient to enable the commission to determine satisfac- torily how far the lower Norfolk rates were justified by the differ- ence in the conditions and cir- cumstances. that subject was left for future consideration. THE 1tESULTS. The benefits of this righteous judgment can hardly be estimat- ed at this time. It means peace and prosperity for thousands of homes. It proves that the pow- er of the people to right a wrong is not yet all gone. It shows once more the great work the Grange is doing. Itis estimated that the reduction will save the farmers upward of one million of dollars. Blind indeed must be the farmer who can say "The Grange is doing nothing." Blind indeed is he to his own interests if he does not. with all his fami- ly. join the nearest Orange. or if none is near help to start one. l\/IOltTl.\1ER Wiii'ri~;iiEAi), Lecturer National Grange. 9 ¢- -- Agricultural College Notes. According to present syiiiptoiis, two other assisstants at the college will soon receive find at o’t“r'ers to go west. Lightning ran wild at the college last night. during the thunder storm. A cow was killed in a field. Sanford terrace was slightly damaged by a bolt. and some damage was done to the telephone at the presidents oflice. J. W. Tourney has been one of the assistants in botany about fifteen months, during which time he has made rapid improve- ment. He graduated here in 1889. Yesterday he was suprised at re- ceiving notice of his appoint- ment as professor of botany and entomology at Tucson, Arizona, in the state college and experi- ment station. Salary for first year, $1,200; second yea-r, $1,500. and then $2.00. He left a salary of $60 a month to accept one here of $25 per month, but this is another evidence that for the right kind of a fellow the post- graduate study is pretty sure to pay compound interest at a high rate. He will leave this week and spend some time with a government exploring party in the study of grasses of the State. The director of the station is Prof. F. A. Gulley, another former assistant of Dr. Beal, now receiving $3.200 a year. The professor of chemistry there is C. B Collingwood. also one of our graduates.-~Lansing Repub- lican. ———~- - Albion College coinnicnceiiieiit occurs on the 25 inst. The year has been the most prosperous in ‘its history. A faculty of twenty- that “necessity is the mother Ofihvc tcacliers and an enrolliiiciit invention," and they might liave of five hundred and twenty—iiiiic pupils with a Fi-csliiiiaii class of »sixty eight show this institutioii to be not only in it tloiirisliing condition but entitled to raiik the proiiiisiiig schools of , tho V\'t-st. i l I l l i l i l l i I l . l l l l 1 of two hours and it half. by tho‘ l > 4.‘ tweezers, piece_of rail-road iron. jMarket Report and Indications cold-chisel. fruit can opener and 1, Tlic receipts of live stock at the Union Stock Yards show but few cliaiiges as coii‘ipai'cd with saiiicpc1'iod in May: Tho total receipts at Cliicago for four days of tho week ending with ’.l‘liiii's- day in cacli month are as follows: Catlin: llngs Slim-p Tliiirstlziy, May 7 __.j1Jll t <)_j5.gi ,;».;i,.x “ lint: 4, ........;o(.~,',' lU(it|“tl ;;(mi 'l‘«>t:il \\'L't'l\' uni‘). llll(' (i_ 451 ,4. i_=,ig;'~; 42;?io 5.'tlllI‘\\('t'k. it-um-.....,___(iv'i2t_;i 15217,, giizo Tlic currcnt prices for tho siiiiio (lute tor five coiis<-ciitivo ycziits arc givoii below: (‘A'l'll.l'. izmim l janll-s. lt§H1" i_z,coll:s. l=Inr’Il ..x 1-1’. Jlllll‘ ',, '01 5.; .\4-mo in :=, putt» is 5.. l/INN“ :3 " “ .‘>" £95“ :3 W l W x 3 2» 3“) .l 53”» J" x L‘“’) "W l K v '.‘\'x 3 gout; Mi 4 ,-‘mg .13 ‘low; _v:, 5; _; .\iuH_; 5:) 4 i-_r,w_i (if, ; gnu‘ 1):, Hlllifw .\lix4'Il li".'l‘»'_\ Light tjom 1|H)“l\ ,:5ii1r:_;iui I;H"]_UII .t\llilLLL‘ :i\ri.igi :i\5 4 131114 (.5 4 pita; 75 ‘M 5 ;5;_5 7o 5 f,o(u_r, rm 5 pwig (.5 '5,‘ 4 7oHI5 25 .; x,o7 5 25 5 .2“ .2 M 4 .1“ 3 25 5 2: Tlic above figures are taken from the Drovers Journal, and based upon actual sales. Below are the average prices and yield of corn for corresponding years. as given by the Department of Agriculture: Year Total product Av:-iriga price 1590 . . . . . . . . . . .. 1,489,970,000 5o.6cts. i5l59___,._, . 2,ii2,K92,onn 23,3 mob . . . . . . . . . . .. i,9«‘.i7.79o,ol.000 “.4 A comparison of these figures will show that while cheap corn makes cheap pork, it does not have the same effect upon cattle and sheep. The outlook is for fair prices for some time yet for all classes of stock. Cattle bid fair to bring good prices, but it is the likely and well bred cattle that have the finish. that will continue to pay the feeder the greatest pro fit, as there is nearly -‘B2,00 per cwt. difference in price between cattle of nearly the same weight at present. The continued heavy run of hogs has had the effect of lower- ing prices -10c. per cwt. but still they are bringing 50¢. per cwt. more than last year the same date. Heavy sheep are not wanted. other kinds are 50c. per cwt. higher than two weeks ago with the prospect of good prices for some time to come. E. A. WILDEY. » -~—< §&——~ “My fatlier, at about the age of fifty, lost all the hair from the top of his licad. After one month’s trial of Ayer's Hair Vigor, the hair began coming, and, in three months, he had a tine growth of hair of the natural color.” P.J. Cullen, S-arzitoga Springs, N. Y. , Q‘. -‘ .- TI-IE G-BANG-E VISITOR. Sabies’ Department. Roses in June. Red as the wine of forgotten ages, Yellow as gold of the snnbeains spun, Pink as the gowns ofAurora‘s pages, \Vhite as the robe of a sinless one, Sweeter than Araby‘s winds that blow— Roses, roses, 1 love you so! Crowning the altar where vows are spoken, Cradling the form that is still and cold, Symbol ofjoy, and love's last token, Telling the story that never grows old! Spirits of beauty, whom none debar, Know ye, I wonder, how fair ye are? Glory of monarch, in palace royal, Queenliest chartners of all the place; Blooming for yeomen. tender atid loyal, Bending to kiss his toil stained face. Roses, roses, born but to bless, Yield me your secret of loveliness! ——EllllllZl C. Down in Ladies’ Home journal. o+—-j-~ « Nature's Lessons. 0 birds that sing such thankful psalms, Rebuking human fretting, Teach us your se(:t’t:t of content, Your science of forgctlitlg. For every life must have its ills, You, too, have hours of sorrow; Teach us, like you, to lay 1llt;lll by. And sing agziin to-inorrow; For gt-ms of Il.'ll‘l(l:Sl jet may lie V‘v'itliin a golden setting. And he is wise who iiinlcrstatiil-i The science of forgetting. () palms that how before the gale Ilntil its peaceful curling, Teucli us your yielding linked with sir-;-ngth. Your graceful art of bending; For every trer; must lllL:l'[ the grilt-. Iiacli heart 1;l](ZUlllltL'l s sm‘rm~.-; Tcacli us, like you, to how, that WC I\l:i\j siatid ei't:(‘.t to-nioriow. For tht-re is strength in lllllllllltt grace, Its wise disriplr.-s shielding; Aiid he is wise who niitlt‘-rst;in