A Svstem of 0rganizati0n for Road
Improvement.

PROF. H. K. VEDDER.

Unfortunately the question of,

better public roads is one very near
to the tax payer’s pocket book.
This necessitates dealing with it
more or less on the basis of profit
and loss.

unintentionally, to adopt a decep-
tive method of estimating their cost.
The assumption is made that the
expense of construction will be no
more in America than the cost of
similar work in European countries
but a just estimate based upon
such data must take into consider-
ation the disparity of laborers’
wages as well as the different con-
ditions of distance a11d severity of
climate. In our northern states,
for instance, frosts will penetrate
the ordinary road covering to twice
the depth affected in France,
whose roads are a favorite basis of
such comparisons.

side of the account, favoring sys-
tematic road improvement, eve11

when the item of comfort is not in-.

cluded, a consideration that Amer-
icans are becoming more and more
willing to pay for.

Of course it cannot be maintain-
ed that all our roads are bad, for
there are noticeable exceptions
where favorable local conditions of
character of soil and surface ma-
terial at hand, combined with
enterprise of the community, have
resulted in providing satisfactory
roads. But even these, except very
rarely, are not of the class proper-
ly denominated permanent, and
can not be compared to roads whose
direction, slopes, drainage and
composition have been determined
by the skilled engineer with a View
to their greatest usefulness and
their future maintenance at a min-
imum of cost and labor.

The report of the commissioner
of agriculture for 1888, sums up
the condition of American roads as
follows:

“VVhile our railway system has
become the most perfect in the
world, the common roads of the
United States have been neglected
and are inferior to those of any
other civilized country in the
world. They are deficient in
every necessary qualification that
is an attribute to a good road——in
direction, in slope, in shape and
service, and, most of all, in repair.
These deficiencies have resulted
not only from an ignorance of the
true principles of road making, but
also from the varied systems of
road building in force in the sev-
eral states of the Union, due to
defective legislation. The princi-
ple upon which the several states
have based much of their road
legislation is known as the road
tax system of personal service and
commutation, which is unsound as
a principle, unjust in its opera-
tions, wasteful in its practice and
unsatisfactory in its results.”

A good deal might be done to
better the condition of highways,
under the present mode of man-
agement, however unsatisfactory
that system may be considered in
a general way. The pathmaster’s
duties seldom extend beyond the
improvement (supposed) or main-
tenance of existing roads. If then
that official can be taught some of
the very simplest propositions of
the road building art, and can be
taught at the same time that it is
as easy to apply them as it is to
apply no particular rules at all, it

Realizing this necessity, ,
some over-zealous advocates of,
good roads have been led, perhaps;

Notwithstand- 
ing these elements of increased:‘
cost, figures are not wanting to:
show a large balance to the credit.

.ANS 1' '. . (7 G l
I \ Iv. i11*Hiiiv

may follow that the tendency to,
right methods may prevail and
much improvement result. To;
this end the Grange, the press and
the institute are expected to be-
come diffusers of education on
roads; and it must be said for the
newspapers that they are fulfilling
their share of the expectation.

It may seem too trite and well
known a fact to state here, that
common gravel as it comes from
the bank is not a proper surface
material. A rough screening will
double its efliciency as a road
lmetal. And yet it is by no means
‘common that attention is paid to
iso simple and valuable a fact.
.7Again, if a covering of this mate-
lrial is to be applied to a depth of,
‘isay one foot, the benefit will be
,increased in about the same ratio
{as above if only a part of that
jdepth is prepared and allowed to
}become compact from pressure of
fvehieles, or better still by rolling,
jbefore the addition of another
1 layer. Another point to be borne
tin mind is that water, including
iits form as frost, is the greatest
fenemy to good roads. The bene-
‘ficial action of sun a11d wind is
not appreciated as it should be.
It would be expected that a tunnel
through a mountain would be a
;damp place, and a road through it
could hardly be kept in satisfactory
Yet it will not be diffi-
jcult for anyone to recall examples
{of roads, even main thoroughfares
'in our most ‘populous districts, in
which the beaten track is little
more than the floor of a tunnel
whose sides and top are formed of
bushes and tree branches. The
sun shines in a few minutes each
day, and the wind can pick up the
moisture from the surface perhaps
once a month when it happens to
be blowing from that point of the
compass towards which our road is
directed. Improvement cannot be
expected until the drying effect of
sunshine and wind is utilized to
the fullest extent possible.

There are comparatively few
road experts in this country and
the reason is obvious. There has
been little opportunity to study
failures. It does not need to be
said that the present general sys-
tem is a failure.

As an engineering problem, the
subject presents the more difficult-
ies because the tax payers are not
willing to become experimenters.
Indeed it can hardly be assumed
that they are ready to pay for
something that has been tried and
proven to be of advantage beyond
all doubt. And our country af-
fords too few examples upon which
to found a system of construction
éthat shall meet all requirements.
The government at Washington,
recognizing our lack of experience,
has caused its consuls at the vari-
ous foreign stations to report on
the history and present methods of
road improvement in the several
districts. These reports are com-
bined in a State document and are
now being studied by many of our
students of roads.

One important conclusion to be
drawn from these reports is that
road systems are at their best in
those countries in which the mat-
ter is placed wholly under the
supervision and management of
thorough engineering skill. And
why should this not be expected?
The perfect system means a net-
work of permanent roads, perfect
in every attribute enumerated
earlier in this article. The same
problems are presented in the loca-
tion and construction of railroads,
and to meet them requires a well
organized corps of trained engi-
neers. Would it not be well to
direct public opinion and legisla-
tion to an organization based on
similar principles? Let there be

i

i condition.

I

established an .ofl‘ice of engineer

,-of roads for the county, or if the

employment of-one such official
by two counties. The county
engineers shouid have power
to appoint, andgto dismiss when
necessary, forincompetency or
misconduct, a sufficient number
of assistant engineers whose
duties shall be to assist in mak-
ing surveys afld to personally
superintend all -construction and
repair to be madein their districts.

The engineer gahould be answer-
able to a coup board of road
commissioners  three members,
who should have wer to impose
and collect ta for the main-

tenance of the ystem, and who.

should atten(l the matters of
contracts and "all questions of
money connectfi with the proper
administration '_their trust. The
board should b *5non-salaried, but
should be alloyed mileage and
expenses to coveg. times of meeting
and trips of inspection. They
should give oath and bond suffi-
cient to guard inst the tempta-
tions of politic rr11ption. They
should in turn , subject to the
inspection of pa State board of
roads, perhaps ,isthe same board
that should have charge of an
institution to beafiuggested later.

The work of the county egineer
would consist ofjhe preparation of
maps, location needed roads,
preparation 0  .-’.’r~.,‘;tes for con-
strncting the .ig:fa?_T1-IQ," as well as
estimates of the cost of all repairs
and maintenance to be carried on,
which estimates would form the
basis of the commissioners’ tax
levy. Also he should give as much
personal attention as possible to
superintendence and inspection,
and receive reports of assistants,
all of which should be made mat-
ters of enduring record.

Besides these details of organi-
zation, any legislation looking
toward the improvement of roads
should include a plan of state aid
to the townships and counties. A
classification should be made call-
ing certain main thoroughfares
state roads, and for their improve-
ment and maintenance the state
should bear as much as half the
burden of taxation. Two other
classes should be made, namely,
county and district roads and tax-
ation imposed accordingly.

The successful working of the
proposed plan of administration of
roads implies of course that the
present labor system should be
abolished. There seems to be too
clearly a case of “what is every-
body’s business is nobody’s busi-
ness,” and our salvation appears to
lie, not in teaching everybody how
to make a road, but in making it
somebody’s exclusive business to
attend to the matter.

But the question arises, where
shall be obtained the competent
engineers and assistants needed
for such an organization as has
been outlined; for as has been hint-
ed there is a scarcity of skilled
laborers in this field. Again, road
improvement is largely a problem
of locality and the materials at
hand in one district may not be
found in another, or the quality of
the same sort of materials may be
just enough different in two sec-
tions to render a road built of them
in one place comparatively useless
while a similar construction is
wholly efficient in another place.

The writer sees in all these
things the necessity for and proba-
ble great usefulness of a new insti-
tution to be created and supported
by the state. Its name may be
the State Road Experiment Sta-
tion. It may combine the features
of a school of roads, a testing
laboratory and an experiment
bureau. As a school it should

    

'i " J..-’ II’) _ g -‘I
 T 4  ‘ r

“THE FAl1’.l[ER IS OF .l[()RE ('()i\'.S'I4](,)(,'I~].\'(,'E TIIAN THE FARIII, AND SHOFLI) BE FIRST ].lI1"1{()l'I2'l)."

  

 iiiriiiii.5,"1s92.i

offer to young men an education,

. in the principles and theory under- :
. .. ;
counties be smax 1*, arrange for the

lying road engineering, while by a
judicious adaptation of the experi-‘
ment features of the station the
students could be largely trained
by practice as well. As a testing%
laboratory the station should be
prepared to receive and report
upon the qualities of road mate-
rials to be sent from all parts of
the State, with reference to their
general adaptability to the pur-
poses of construction. And finally
as an experiment station, by a
careful selection of site, with
reference to much traveled thor-
oughfares, experience will be
accumulated and object lessons
furnished that of themselves will
make the venture a profitable one
for the State.
.~lgrz'cultu7'(Ll College, ilfich.

 

'l‘Al{IFl"~PROH[BITION.

ROBERT L. HEWITT.

There are many economic ques-
tions under discussion by the
American people at the present
time. Tariff or free trade, free and
unlimited coinage of silver, the
issuing of money and the loaning
of it to the people at two per cent,
and the prohibition of the traffic in
intoxicating liquors as a beverage,
is only a partial list, though it
probably includes every question
that has any considerable number
of advocates. In this us; ‘me tariff‘
question is placed first because it
commands the attention of the
entire people, and prohibition is
placed last because it is beleived
that, as a party issue, it has less
friends than any one of the others.
Yet considered solely as an

economic question prohibition is of ,
vastly more importance than thei
tariff. i

It is said that there is expendedl
annually over the bars of thisf
country for drinks nine hundred}
millions of dollars. VVe have no]
means of verifying this statement?
and it is not necessary that we i
should verify it, as it has stood for;
years practically unchallenged. 
Now compare this sum with our;
foreign commerce. E

The total exports of merchandise 
in the fiscal year 1891 amounted toi
about 872 millions of dollars, or 28 ;
millions less than was expended for 
drinks; add imports, 845 millions
and we have a total of 1,717 mil-
lions or 817 millions more than was
expended for drinks. But if we
could obtain fairly accurate statis-
tics of the increased taxes and in-
creased expenditures for charity on
account of the pauperism and crime
caused by the liquor traffic, who
shall say that these amounts added
to that expended directly for drinks
would not make an amount much
greater than the aggregate value
of our exports and imports in
the year named? Unquestion-
ably such expenditures, could they
be ascertained, would prove the ac-
curacy of the statement that prohi-
bition, considered without refer-
ence to the degrading and demoral-
izing influence of the liquor traffic
upon the individual and the com-
munity, but solely as a question of
dollars and cents, is far more im-
portant than that of tariff or free
trade.

VVhy, then, is it that the tariff
question commands the attention
of all the people, and prohibition
of the liquor traffic of only a hand-
full? The American people are
proverbial for the money making
propensity, and a reduction of taxes
is among the demands of political
parties. Why, then, do we neglect
or refuse to assail that which causes
so much of poverty and adds so
greatly to our taxes?

The answer seems to lie in the

I ivii<51.i«i riifiiiiéi.

fact that the tariff question. which
was repeatedly under hot discus-

ssion before the evils of inten1per-

ance were known or prohibition
was thought of, has at length got-

ten such complete possession of

the minds of all thinking people,
and particularly of voters, that
until it shall have been definitely
and finally settled, no other issue,
however important, can displace it.
The tariff question has been a
leading issue during the entire
lifetime of the Nation, indeed it
antedates the formation of the
government. It was one of the
leading questions under discussion
just previous to the convention
that drafted the constitution, and
one of those for the settlement of
which it was found necessary “to
form a more perfect union.” It
was the first question discussed by
the first congress; it was the lead-
ing question in 1816, and a vital

‘issue in 18:34; it was compromised

in 1833, contested in 1842, bitterly
fought over in 1844, and fought
out in 1846; and in 1861 it was a
subject of legislation resulting in
the establishment of a policy that
has not yet been overturned,
though not approved by a very
large minority of o11r people.
This question, hoary ith years,
is the one question todgy that will
not down.

But the tariff question having
been so long under discussion
without a final settlement being

reached, is were any 

that it will ever be settled? The
only reply to this is, if one policy
or the other, tariff or free trade,
shall be maintained for a few years
under such conditions as to afford
it a fair trial, then we shall be able
to determine whether or not such
policy, whichever it is, is the bet-
ter for the country. The fact that
we have several times changed
from high protective tariff‘ to free
trade and vice \'(‘I‘Sfl, does not
argue against the correctness of
t iis view. Present conditions are
very different from those that pre-
vailed in earlier years. Tariff’ or
free trade is now and will continue
to be solely a business question.

nder which policy will the ma-
terial interests of the country be
the more rapidly advanced. which
will give to the people of the
United States as a whole the
greater prosperity, is the only

‘question now asked or to be

answered. VVe have no longer a
“peculiar institution” located in
and dominating over one-half of
the country, whose interests are
opposed to all interests of the
other half. Each and every sec-
tion of the country is today inter-
ested in the material welfare of
the entire country, and it may be
presumed that each and every sec-
tion will cheerfully acquiesce in
any policy best for all so soon as it
shall be demonstrated to be best
for all.

But it may be urged that the
tariff question being out of the way
some of the other questions named
will be forced to the front. This is
hardly probable. Those questions
are of little importance as compar-
ed with the question of prohibition.
Besides, it is believed that the se -
tlement of the tariff question w fl
also settle them. They are ques-
tions born of the needs of the
farmers. Give to us higher prices
for our crops and there will be
more money in circulation, which
will in turn cause a reduction in
the rate of interest and make the
rate of profit of the farmer tomore
nearly correspond with the rate of
profit of the money lender, and on
business investments. These ends,
it is confidently asserted by adher-
ents of both sides of the tariff

[Continued on Page 8.]


' EDEIIO 01180 as

~merits.

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

MAY 15, 1892.

Field and Sfock.
WHY'SHl-JAR wmiorr w.\sa1.\'a:

(‘xiii JRGE \\'. .\'Tl,'AliT.

I11 complying with your request
to prepare a short article for the
Vrsrron, on the subject “why
shear without washing," it carries
me l)ack many years to the tinn-
when this qucstion was one for
consideration among intelligent
wool growers, “ as well as breed-
ers.” At that time, ten to twelve
years ago, when this subject was
being discussed at the sheep breed-
ers’ association meetings, and at
different periods since, by a few
who had followed the old plan of
soaking themselves annually for
the purpose of gratifying the ig-
norance of a few so-called wool
buyers, injuring their health,
damaging their flock, and debasing
their intellect, as well as keeping
back the popular tidc of progres-
sion that ought to obtain in every
intelligent community.

\Vashing shcep and riding
horse to cultivate or plow corn,
and cocking 11p all the hay before
hauling, hocing co1'n, and plowing
out ditches in wheat ground. all
belong with other foolishness I
might mention, to the ignorance
of the past. And before giving
any special reasons for discontinu-
ing the practice of washing sheep,
or the other practices mentioned,
I will simply say that I have never
found any necessity or desire to go
back to the old systems, and will
still farther say that in my obser-
vation the better and more pro-
gressive farmers of the present day
either have already or are fast
abandoning the practice.

Among the reasons for shearing
without washing I might name, the
first is that you don’t improve the
condition of the wool, while in
fact it is made considerably worse
sofar as appearance is concerned, *
as has been oft.en stated and uni-
versally conceded to be true by all
1nan11factu1'ers. I have never talk-‘
ed with one who claimed that any ‘
advantage accrued to them by
washing the fleece before it was
taken from the sheep, but severali
have asked that the practice bet
unnecessary andt
as causing a great amount of con-
tention among the different buy-t
ers, from a lack of proper discrim- 
ination in well or poorly washed!
fleeces, the facts being that thet
quality of the wool is much better 
shown in an unwashed fleece, than t
in one half washed, or soaked!
enough to begrim and destroy the
luster. The matter may be sum-9
med up in the well established]
opinion of all concerned that
washing the wool before shearing
does not improve its condition.

But the complaint is made and
is no doubt to a certain extent
true, that the buyers make too
much difference between washed
and unwashed fleeces. If so this
can be remedied by sending the
clip to eastern markets, where it is
bought and sold more nearly on its
But the better and the
proper way is to quit washing.
“Everyone quit washing.” Horace
Greeley said the way to resume was
to resume. Now as I have said the
more progressive farmers have
resumed, and have simply refused
to wash their sheep, and it is my
opinion that a kind of sheep that
you have to wash to make them.
profitable to keep is a kind that it
dont’ pay to keep.

But as to the advantages gained
by shearing without washing; sec-
ond, having shown, or it being
generally conceded, that washing
does not improve either the sheep,
the fleece, or the man (that is
washing the man with the sheep),
we will find various reasons for not
washing. VVe can shear earlier,
save the expense and annual loss,
and have our wool in market from
one to three months earlier, sav-
ing interest on carrying our clip
for this time, relieve the ewes
from the burden of carrying the
fleece so much longer when suck-
ling, and through the heat of
early summer, as it is not always
suitable weather for washing be-
fore the last of May or first of
June.

I have no doubt but by early
shearing, say in April, the fleece
can be increased from one to two
pounds per head; this I think is
conceded by the best breeders and
wool growers. Again, the practice

keeping the fleece from mud and

J washing. The sooner the plan is
. abandoned the better it will be for

of shearing before the lambs are
dropped, adopted by many breed-

ers, gives the lambs access to the
udder, and adds vigor and activity-
to the ewe: before which she is
weighed down with fleece and is in-
active and indifferent to her lamb.
I have found several breeders who ‘
have lately adopted the plan of
shearing theirewes bcfore the lambs
are dropped. as ‘.\Icssrs. Ball, \Vood,
I)c\vcy and others. Our experi-
cnce proves it to be, as we think,
the better way.

Another great advantage in early
shcaring is ridding the flock of
ticks. Of course i.ll.’.‘I'(? is not so
much danger with thoroughbred
Merinocs; but the grades or any
open wool sheep are more or less
infested with ticks, especially the‘
long and middle wool sheep. If
shorn before the lambs are drop-
ped they will rid themselves of the
pests, but if not shorn until the.
lambs are beginning to show fleece
the ticks will go to the lambs. I
have seen coarse wool lambs cover-
ed. and scarcely one to be found on
the dam a few days after shearing.
This is the case with all sheep of

jcoarse or fine wool, the long open

wooll being more S11l)jcCt- than the
close, oily flceccd ones. Early
shearing. with good feed, will rid
any flock. There are many other
reasons that might be named or‘
that come along and are noticed
and appreciated in early shear-
ing: and early shearing means
“without washing." Une advan-
tage is in having the job off
our hands bcforc the rush of spring
work; another, the protection
against worms, “ maggots," that in-=
fest the flock as soon as warm’
weather comes, especially our best ‘
and heavy fleeccd sheep. Above
all and perhaps the most important
item is the condition of the early
shorn flock. They will begin to
thrive as soon as the fleece is re-
moved, a11d with a little care and
bum-hing in a close shed for a few
days the danger of cold is avoided,
and when the fleece is from three.
to four weeks old a sheep will stand ‘
a cold day or storm about as well _
as the lambs of that age, or when ;'
in full fleece. I

Then again the advantage of

dirt by shearing before the sheep,‘
are turned out is of great import-‘J
ance. \Vhen in full fleece and with 1

a grade 1l~oL'k,'uauu.lly subject LU.’
some storms and often turned on- t
to plowed fields or running int
lanes that are muddy the fleece is;
sure to become dirty. By having;
the lambs dropped early and!’
the shearing and trimming of
the lambs done before fliesj
come, you are ready to give fullj‘
attention to farm work and;
have no special anxiety about‘
your flock. And as before said, if
you choose to ship your wool to
the eastern market, you can real-
ize from one to three months ear-
lier and save interest on the value
of the clip.

I see that a party in Fenton is
now buying earlier shorn wool—
Burdick Potter. There is no
special reason why the wool mar-
ket should run along until June
and July, except for the delay
caused by these fellows who think
they must cling to the old plan of

I

all engaged in the sheep business.
The wool clip will then be bought
upon its merits, as all is west of
the Mississippi. N 0 one thinks of
washing in the west and the profits
of the flocks are just as much, and
the full value is received quite as
readily as here.
Grand Bltmc, Jlfich.

 

BEAN CULTURE.

HON. WM. BALL.

In many parts of this State, as
Well as in others, the cultivation of
white beans for market has become
an important branch of industry in
agricultural economy, and any in-
formation concerning such industry
will be of value to those interested
in their culture. The compara-
tively high price of beans for some
time past, as compared with wheat
and other produce of the farm,
together with an increase of pro-
tection afforded by the McKinley
bill (so odious to friend Goodrich)
have stimulated the desire for their
production, and many farmers who
have not engaged in their growth
in the past will plant more or less
the present season. To make any
crop profitable, as much as possi-
ble should be produced per acre
with the least cost in its production.

V would raise beans.

, growing.

That the crop shall be profitable a

gnumber of things should be care-

fully considered:

First. The probable amount to be
raised in the United States or the
world, and the probable amount
needed for the necessities of the
markets;

Second, The adaptability of the
soil for the best growth of the grain.

All kinds of soil are not. well
adapted for the cultivation of beans.
The old saw that “the land is so
poor that it will not raise beans.”
is misleading, as it infers that land
so poor that nothing else will grow,
Beans require
fertile land in good condition, to
insure a paying crop. Heavy clay
Soils, 01‘ low, very rich mucky soils
are not adapted to profitable bean
The former does not
grow them rapidly enough and the
latter produces too many and too
vigorous growth of vines. The best
soils for their production are sandy
loam, ;.51‘flV9lly, 01' rich sandy soils.
This fact should not be overlooked
by those who expect to make it a
part of their business from year to
ycar, viz; That beans are an ex-
haustive crop and should not be
grown too frequently on the same
soil without liberal applications of
manure. Beau growing in the
vicinity in which I live has been
carried on quite extensively for a
number cf ycars, and my observa-
tion teaches me that frequcnt crop-
ping of the same fields, not oI1ly
rapidly exliausts the fertility, but

; renders a good catch of ClO\‘c1' very
jdoubtful; a matter to be carefully

guarded against by every farmer.
In their cultivation I will give

my opinion. gathered from observa- ,

tion and from my own experience
in raising them.

After deciding which fields to‘

plant, the best plan is to plow them

lIIS early as possible in the spring?
, and work the lan(l thoroughly until 

time to plant, which should be be- 3
ftween the 10th and 20th of June.

A majority of farmers plant them
with planters, rowing both ways;

rows being about thirty inchcs each I

way, planting from six to ten beans
in a hill. The plan which suits me
best, because I think more can be
raised per acre and the work done

much better and cheaper, is to drill 1

them in, using iyoxrly three pecks
of seed to thh ‘cl lrr-I._,depen(ling
somewhat upon the size of the
beans used for seed. I use an
eleven hoe drill (called the “ Farm-
ers’ Favorite”), and it drills three
rows to the width of the drill 30
inches apart. The drill saves the
marking of the ground and the
work can be done better and cheaper
than can possibly be done by hand.

No weeds should be allowed to
grow in a bean field any more than
in a garden or corn field. VVithin
a day or two after the beans are
drilled or planted drag the ground
over with a fine cutting harrow.
This levels the ground and aids in
cultivating nearly as soon as the
beans are in sight. Cultivate often
as long as can safely be done before
the beans begin to blossom. Some
plant earlier than indicated above,
but it is a good plan to do as
much killing weeds as possible
before drilling or planting, and
later planting is advantageous to
such a plan. Ground where corn
has been grown the year previous
is desirable, if the land is not too
weedy. I have had good success
on sod ground plowed the fall be-
fore and worked as early in the
spring as possible, and up to the
time of planting. If the ground
becomes baked or hard by the
rains of winter one of Bement’s
disc harrows will cut up the ground
so that the planter will take hold
of it and soon fit it for the finer
drag. With beans drilled or planted
thirty inches apart the Albion or
other good spring tooth cultivators
will be found a very desirable tool
for cultivation. In harvesting I
use the Albion bean puller which
puts two rows together in good
shape for the fork and man which
should follow shaking them from
the dirt and placing them in win-
rows of six rows each, the double
rows giving ample room for team
and wagon when they are dry
enough for the stack or barn. In
stacking care should be taken to

make the stack narrow, not over not hold together with a one string

ten feet in Width, and then cover
well with marsh hay or something
that will efiectually protect them
from the rains until ready to thresh.
It is a good plan to let them sweat
and cure in the stack for two rea-
sons: more can be secured in
threshing if dry, and then they can
be safely put in bins.

There is some difference of opin-

ion as to the best kinds of beans
to raise but I think much of it
arises from professional seed,
growers who offer inducements to
farmers to raise certain kinds for
seed for them expecting such to
become advocates of their particu-
lar kind of beans. Of late the
market has been to some extent for
a large sized bean, but the last
winter I received five cents per
bushel more from the fact of their
being very even and small. the
smallness due to the scverc drouth
that prevailed when they were ma-
turing.

Upon the whole. with beans, as
with most other matters, a mcdium
between two extremes is a very
good bean to plant, and a very good
rule to follow.

H(())I(IlI)'!/, Jlich.

 

.Vl .\ IIKETI .\'(:‘r W00l.~.\
\'Il‘IWS.
ROBE RT.\'.

lil'\'ElR'S

E. ('.

Thccustom of marketing wool in
June, immediately after shearing.
is so well establislicd in Michigan
that commentis uniit-ccssary. (‘on-
scqucntly the question to be con-
sidered is, the condition it should
be in to make thc grower the most
money when sold. The dayof wild
speculation by iI1c.\’pcric11ce(l buy-
crs has endcd: growers can I]( ; long-
er scll their wool at a " straiglit"
price on the sln-cps’ backs, regard-
lcss of quality a11d condition.

The evil efl’c<-ts of such unbusi-
nesslike methods have reacted:
and today Michigan tiecce wool is
relatively two cents per pound
lower in the eastern markets, than
it was four years ago. and it is
looked upon with distrust and sus-
picion by manufacturcrs. because
of the uncertainty of its condition.
hlichigan wool growers are now
loosing, by the relatively lower
prices their wool sells for east, all,
‘and more than they made by sell-
-‘ ‘ lg grease, dirt and worse for wool,

1 the past four years.

Grease, dirt, sheep skins, dead
:' lambs, old 1'11l)l)c1‘ shoes, salt, plas-
;ter and wool twine will not make
1 cloth, and cloth makers do not care
: to buy such stuff at wool price.
Wool growers of Michigan
tmust put their wool up well and
}honestly. If they wash it they:
5 must wash it clean and shear it be- ,
fore it gets dirty again. They?
must keep o11t of the fleeces all;
M sweat locks and tags, either wash- 3
 ed or unwashed, and tie it upwith i
ijust sufficient string to hold the‘
fleece together, and they must all 
do it. ,

This article does not propose to:
discuss the question of washing or’
not washing, that is an entirely"
different subject; but wool if 3'
[washed should be well washed. It f
seems superfluous in this age of;
civilization to ask people to bet
honest because it pays, but it}
seems to be necessary in the mat-
ter of marketing wool. And the
Whole ground could be covered by;
tsimply saying “be honest and,‘
5 thorough.” :
_| There is one other thing I wouldt
turge upon the wool growers who;
i wash their wool, and it is a question 

I
r

1; that causes more hard feelings and ;
5 loud talk than any other one thing:
ipertaining to marketing wool, and,
jthis is about “ discounts.” t

In all large flocks and in most.‘
small ones, there are some fatt
weathers or old ewes, that cold}
creek water washing won’t make}
clean, and this unmerchantablei
wool is “docked” or “discounted” 
by the buyer. If the grower}
would sort out such sheep before;
washing he could sell their wool;
for as much per pound unwashed?
as he could get for discounts, have 1
a few more pounds to sell and avoidi
the inevitable quarrel over dock-‘
ing. The gain to the farmer is
plain; he sells more pounds and
, saves the hardest part of his work
' in washing.

The buyer buys the wool on its
merits, and there is no question of
its value. The custom of using too
much twine is a state evil, and it
should be discontinued at once.
Still it must not be forgotten by
the advocates of one string tying
that our Michigan fine wool will

tie; there should be not less than
three strings on a side.

Tags should never be put in the
fleeces, whether they be Washed or
not. They will bring more money
sold unwashed than they will well
washed at X wool price.

Lapeer, M ich.

See page 5 for “The Farmer’s Veg-
etable Garden.”

SHALL WE (‘I'L’l'IVA’l‘I-I ORCHARDSI
A. S. DYL‘l{.\[.\_\'.

In the light of my experience
and observation it appears, as to all
fruits except apples. there can be
no doubt of the utility of cultiva-
tion.

I have seen such good results in
certain apple orchards without cul-
tivation. where manure was liber-
ally applicd, that it is still a ques-
tion with mc whether apple trees
should be cultivated or not. I
rather incline to the opinion that
the ground should at leastbc turncd
over once in two or three years.

I have had many years’ experience
in pcach culture. and that is the
appropriate word. For cu//urc
(cultivation), is one of the talis-
manic words as applied to the rais-
ing of peaches. The question here
becomes rather hon‘ and zrhcn shall
we cultivate?

l'nlcss there is some green crop
growing to be turned under late i11
May or early in June. l like to plow
early enough in April so that thc
cold earth thus brought to the sur-
face may become warmcd before
the blossolns appear. Sonic plow
very late in the full, just bcforc
freezing up time. turning to\vu1‘ds
the trees and lcaving a furrow iii
the center bctwccn the rows to
carry off surplus water. This
:1nswc1'sthcdoublc purpostw;f<l1':ii1i-
age (important in certain lands),
and wintcr protcction to the trees.
It also does away with the impor-
tance of early cultivation in the
spring.

From the time when thc peach
blossoms arc out of danger of frost
until some time in August the
ground should be kcpt as tl1or-
oughly cultivated as for corn.

After this it should be sowcd to
somc crop, as rye or clovcr, or both
together for green manure,orothcr-
wise left without cultivation. to
stop the growth of wood and ripen
it for winter.

I lmve becn most successful with
pears, having thcm low-branchcd.
by leaving a little sod about thc
foot of the tree and cultivating the
rest of the ground between the
trecs. I have less blight.

Soul/L Hurrcn, illic/1.

’l‘HlN.\'l.\'G S'l'0NEl) FRIVIT.
C. A. IIA\\'LEY.

Improved methods of doing busi-
ness, and all kinds of husbandry;
are being adopted every day. The
writer, in youth, used the sickle,
then the grain cradle, then the
mowing machine, then the reaper,
then the reaper and rakcr. Now
my neighbor sits on his reaper and
binder and turns the standing grain
out in bound bundles. The most
noticeable is the improved method
of planting and caring for fruit
trees; especially peach trees.

Only a few years ago a fruit
grower in our successful peach belt,
Oceana county, Mich., told me one
of his peach trees commenced to bear
at three; when six years old it bore
so many peaches it died. He
said with much emphasis that he
was well satisfied with that tree, it
had paid for itself over and over
again. Now we do not let our trees
bear themselves to death, we thin
them. By thinning we mean, pick
off the green peaches when quite
small.

If you have a small orchard, pick
them off, especially if they do not
hang very full. If a large orchard,
it is a slow process. If heavily
loaded trim the tree tolerably
severe, especially when the twigs
stand near together, cut some of
them out; if some limbs are stretch-
ing out ahead of the rest cut them
back, and the limb that hangs di-
rectly over another limb full of
fruit. Instead of picking them off
use a pair of shears; in that way
they can be cut off very fast. After
you have thinned as high up into
the tree as you can reach;
drive a light wagon under
the tree and stand on or in that.
This should be done two or three
times, in fact you should go through
your orchard, to every tree, as
often as once in two weeks, not
only to thin them, but to trim, bolt,
grub them, etc. (perhaps more anon
about treatment of trees). They
should not be nearer than 4 inches,
in some cases 5 inches is better;
thin them thoroughly this year
and next year you will thin them
still more.

Have had ten years’ experience,
and have 5,000 fruit trees in the
village.

Shelby, Jlfich.

,,;p-in-, . -

 


l
i
‘s
I

   
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  

MAY 15, 1892.

THE GRANGE VISITOR. 3

AT R O N S ’ Al N T

l\L\Nl'FA(.‘Tl'RI-II! 01-‘

ING EI{S()LL’S LIQUID

Ii LBBER PA INT.

Ten Thousand P. of II. and Farmers testify they are Best and

('0-0PERA'I'IVI‘l LI'l(‘Tl'I{I'l WORK.
“re print a portion of a circular
recently received, the contents of

which explain themselves.

PA'riio:<s OF Hi'si:i.\'iiiii',

Li»:<:"rciiait’s I)r:r"r NATION;\I. (iI{.\Z\’(iF,, _
lhtsliingtoii, I). U. 5

PA'i‘i<o.\'s— -—At the last session of
the National Grange the following

Cheapest. VVi:iTi: Us .x.\'n SAVE l\IO.\'F.‘i’.

worthy sister or brother with liter-

‘ary attainments and aspiratioiis

may “mount the ladder round by

round.”

As in other pursuits and pro-
fessions, many of the best writers
of our country today had their

early training upon the farm, and

received their first inspiration di-

regulation was adopted and made a .

part of section IV, paragrapli 57,
page (34, of the Digest:

“ It shall be the duty of the Lecturer ‘'

of Subordinate (}ranges to report to the
Lecturer of the State Grange at the end
of the March and September quarters,

giving a report of the literary work witli— 5

in their Grange, the State Lecturer to
summarize the same and make semi-an
nual report to the Lecturer of the Nation-
al Grange.”

I have arranged the following
plan for uniform and systematic
distribution and circulation of the
best essays and papers read in our
Order to be used by Lecturers in
their “Lecturer’s Hour,” which

ought never to be omitted from the ,
exercises of (my Grange, and which '

every Lecturer will provide for if
the obligation and instructions
given at installation are lived up to.

“'6 will suppose there are 100
Subordinate Granges in a State.
In compliance with the rule of the
National Grange each Lecturer

twice a year reports to the Lecturer ~

of the State Grange and forivards
an average of five of the best essays
or papers read in the Grange. This
places in the hands of the Lecturer
of the State Grange 300 essays or
papers. He selects one out of ten
(fifty in all), and forwards them
to the Lecturer of the Nzitiiiiial
Grange. \Vith thirty States com-

l'ing this Wives the Lectiirer of.
. 7 .“5

the National Grange 1,500 of the
best.

The Lecturer of the National
Grange then has printed slips with
names of all the States and the
names of the Lecturer of each State
Grange, with postofiice address
printed with his State. One of
these slips is attached to each pack-
age of fifty essays, and one of them
(package), is sent on its way to
the Lecturer of each State Grange.
The slip is also checked, so that this
State Lecturer will know to which
State Lecturer he is to send them,
after their use in /1 is own State,
and so they will be passed along
the line. For instance, a package
of 50 goes to Alabaiiia’s State Lec-
turer; after using he sends to Cal-
ifornia State Lecturer (by mail);
California to Colorado; Colorado
to (‘onnecticut, and so on alplia-
betically to the end of our grand
national chain of Strtes.

‘VIIOD the State Grange Lecturer
receives this package and “ Na-
tional slip" in his office, he attaches
to each essay a “State slip,” con-
taining the names of the Lecturers
of each Subordinate Grange in his
State (or, if thought best, only of
Pomona Granges), (or if a large
State, he can have four or five
divisions, with package going the
rounds in each), and the State
Lecturer also uses such number of
the original papers he started with
(500) in addi'fi'0n to the National
Grange package, and sends all on
their journey around his State.

Each Lecturer, of course, under-
standing that after an essay has
been used in his Grange, that it
must be at once mailed to the next
address on the slip attached, his
own being checked off, and finally
back to the Lecturer of the State
Grange, who will, when those
forming his N afionril package have
all returned, as before said, start
them on their way to the Lecturer
of the next State Grange found on
the “ National slip.”

Now, just as soon as I have
received from the Lecturers of five
State Granges enough essays or
papers to make “a trial trip,” I
will start them on their way in
those five States, and as fast as
other States co-operate in the work,
they will be included also. VVE
CAN IF WE WILL. The way to co-
operate is to co-operate.

I have frequently heard essays
read in Subordinate or Pomona
Grange meetings that were worthy
of the widest circulation, and here
seems to be a. plan by which a.

rect from nature. Our Order, with
its beautiful ritiialisin of field and
forest. its lessons of the springing
grass, and running brooks, “bud

fflllli bloom, sweet perfuiiie,” is

leading tliousands to higher aims
and broader and better views of
life. A noted divine once said:
“ Every book which interprets the
secret lore of fields and gardens,
every essay that brings man nearer

to the understanding of the mys-1
teries which every tree whispers,‘

every brook murmurs, every Weed
even hints, is a contribution to the

wealth and happiness of our kind.” ,
Let us improve the opportunities ‘

the Grange offers in this direction.
Fraternally,
l\Ioii'riMEr. WHiTi3Hi:AD.
L(?CfIH‘(3I', Nrifiomil Grrmgc, P.
of H.
—
0BI'I‘l'.\I{Y.

All readers of THE Visiroii an(l
all of the many friends of ,Brot.lier
and Sister Hinds will niourii with

them in their recent loss. the news‘

of which is ('()ll\'(‘_\'(‘li in this sim-
ple, sad l‘iIl'(l.

{learn in £lci: 1711: 3,]rur

(lihim :ji1‘Ih':«

Evlbrst chilh nub huuglitcr of

Q. 4;]. dgiinb-3 rmb itlcirg
Ljliitrwcioh ijiur-5,
gxtuixtozt. 3;Hil.‘l]

-igm-st
gtcptetiilwer I7, 1875
{Itch

Qtpril 31). I 892

It ESOL l'T IONS.

VVHEIIJ-1.-is, An all-wise Prov-
idence lias removed, by death, from
our midst one of the charter mem-
bers of Litchfield Grange No. 107,
our esteemed brother, M. P. Her-
ring.

Rcs()7ifcr/, That we tender our
lieartfelt sympathy to the aged
wife and family of the deceased,
and hereby express our sincere sor-
row in their bereavement.

Rcs(ili‘c(l, Thet the charter of
our order be draped in mourning
for thirty days, and this expression
of our sympathy be placed upon
the Grange record and be pub-
lislied in the Li‘I‘cli_/i'.el(l Git;/(:fi‘.(a
and GRANGIJ Visiroii, and a copy
sent to the bereaved family.

L. 13-. AGARD, j

Mus. WM. l\I(JD()['(}AL, - Com.
WM. l\Isiicii.iN'r, t

The above resolutions were

unanimously adopted at a regular
meeting of Litchfield Grange held
Saturday evening, April 30, 1892.

R I-lSOLl"l‘ IONS OF R I~lSI’EC'I‘ .

Douglass Grange No. 650, at a
meeting held in their hall on the
evening of May 7, adopted the fol-
lowing resolutions:

VVHEBEAS, Our Heavenly Father
in His infinite mercy has called
from our midst a loving and faith-
ful member of our Grange, Edna
Hinds, from earth to the relms
above;

Resolved, That while we mourn
her loss as a co-worker we express
our heartfelt sympathy to her par-
ents, sisters, and brother.

Resolved, That the Grange char-
ter and her seat as lecturer of our
order, which is vacated shall be
draped with mourning for the term
of sixty days.

Resolved, That a copy of these
resolutions be presented to the be-
reaved parents, brother and sisters,
also a copy be sent to the Grange
Visitor and county papers for pub-
lication.

Mas. L. ENTRICAN,

Mas. M. PINTLER,

Mas. W. JOHNSON,
Committee.

Clieap, Inilestriiciilile l’iu’nts for
B.\I{.\'S AND 0l"|‘Bl'lLl)lNGS.

OFFICE: 243 Plymouth St, Brooklyn, N. Y.

(‘II ILDRE.\"S I).\ Y.

Delta, 0/11.0, April :35, 155/2.
To THE PATl{().\'S or HL'sii.\:<i)i:i‘
or A.\iEiiiCA:
In accordance with a. resolutio

adopted at the tweiity-secoiul an-‘

i

nual session of the National
Grange, I hereby announce Satur-
day, the 4th day of Juiie, as
“Childreiils Day," and I hope
every member of our order will
earnestly co-operate to make it an

occasion of pleasure and profit,‘

not only to the children but to
every member of our Order.
Committees should be appointed
at once to arrange pr()g'1'ani and
niake necessary preparations for
, the occasion.

It has been suggested that
,“ Flora’s Day ” be held in connec-
ition with “ Children’s Day,” and I
A see no objections thereto.

I State Masters are requested to
;supplement this proclamation and
jlend all their influence to interest
fall in the exercises of the day.
[For good and sufficient reasons
iState Masters may select some
lother (late within their jurisdic-
ltion.

i Fraternally,

l
, J. H. Biiiuiinii,

Jlrisfer of Nrifioiitil (1 rringc, P. of hard

‘II.

In accordance with the above
proclamation I proclaim the fourth

l

day of June " Children’s Day," for?

the Patrons of Michigan, and also
that Flora’s Day, be held in con-
nection t-hei'cwitli. I trust all Pat-
‘I‘0llS will make an extra effort to
make this a day of pleasiire lo the
children and profit to the Order.
’I‘iio.<. hI,m.<,
JIILS/(‘I'.

 

BITS OF HN(?0l.'l€.\Gl~lME.\'T.

have been added this year, mostly
young people. under thirty, and
coming from that class of our peo-
ple that make the best citizens.

‘Ye are very fortunate in having
an active energetic committee on
woman’s work. They secured the
services of Dr. Morden, who last
year took a trip through Europe;
he gave an interesting account of
his travels illustrated by the stere-
opticon. A small admission fee was
charged which met the expenses
and left a snug little sum for the
“ w0iiian’s fund.”

l\IAi:i' C. ALi.is,
Sec’;/.

As I have not seen anything in
the Visiroii from this section, I
thought I would send you a small
report of what we are doing.

\Ve organized a Grange in the
K. O. T. BI. hall at Abbottsford, of
tliirty-two members. The outlook
is that they will double their mem-
bership before January 1.

IVe believe this Grange is due

to Sister Mayds lecture there last
‘fall, and the institute held there
l last winter.
i We hope that this may be the
result at all places where she lect-
ured while here in St. Clair and
Sanilac counties.

Let the good work goon. More
lecturers in the field is what we
want. A. W. CANIPFIELD,
Dept. Orgcmizer for St. Clair Co.

AGENTS
WANTED

To Canvass for

THE .
GRANGE
VISITOR

Terms Liberal

Send For Terms at Once

Madison Gijavtre, No. 384: was;
never in a LLl'C'Ilx§)1i'()111'lSl1l11_&3" condi-I,
tioii; twenty-four new members,

i
l
l
l
l

l
I
l

O R K S

lieziiitil‘iil Saiiiple (‘olor ('arils and llook
of Iiistriiciion l“iil‘1l'I.

\\'e (iill:!I':lllil‘(‘ .\‘:itisi':u-tioii.

PE: NE: E

LARGEST STocKlFiNEsT DUALITY! RELIABLEEGREATEST inoucrmruts.
mvnooucrns 01 mi  lF\YER&(_‘

NEW EARLY BLACK (48?! V S U h ‘ SM f “TE: 
—- _ =- ANDALL Aaiitii in AND 'Ew,iiL.n A‘i- R“ '. -
‘EARLY 0”‘ n:wiLLusmA‘rzi:i DESCRIPTIVELCAKT

IO DAVS EARLIIR THAN 4
s’-"T$3..'i’s"iFs5»‘s.‘<‘:‘St.‘2'v‘.!‘/'-’- ""“'°"""”“““ =—‘ C-S'CURTlCE CO-PORTLAND.N-Y-

  WI Mll  

Including one Years Subscription to this Paper

 
    

We have made such :irraii_i.:i-iiieiits as enable us to
oil’:-r the ( 'liic:igo

SlNClil\’ Sl3\\’lNG .\l.»\CHlNliS

$1 .
_._ I’ ' at the above low rates. This II\tN‘IIIII(‘ is made
E...
after the latest niodelsof the Hing:-r iiiiiciiinofi.
. - V ’ V . .. and is perfect fac siinile in shape, iiriiiiiiientiitioii
' ‘ ‘ ‘ and zippearaiice. All the parts are made to gringo
exactly the saiiie as the Sinizer. and are ('1 iiietriictod
of precisely the same xnzm-riuls.

The utmost care is exercised in the selection of
the inetals used, and only the very best i unlity is
purchased. Each macl in is thoroiig ly well
made and is fitted with the ntnioat nicety and
exactness, and no inachine is pi-rinitted by the
inspector to go out of the shops until it hm-I been
fully tested and proved to do perfect work. and
to run lightly and without noise.

The (‘.hic:igoSinger Machine has ii ve import-
ant iiiiproveiiient. in :1 Loose Balance 'heeI. so
constructed as to permit winding bobbins wit.h—
out removing the work from the nmchine.

EACH M.-XCHINE IS I-‘URNISIIED WITH
. V THE FOLL()WI.\'(i A'I'I‘A(IIIMEN'I‘B:
HEMMERS, RUFFLER. TUCKER, P.»\(‘K.»\(}I-I OF NEEDLES. (YIIE(‘K .\'PIIINl}, THROAT

PLATE. WRENCH, THREAI) (TUTTER, BINDER, Il()lIBI.\'S, S1‘RlC\V IIIIIYER, GAUGE,
GAUGE SCREW, OlL—('.-IN, filled with Oil, AND I.\'STRU(‘TI()N BOOK.

.-"}~'i =

 

_The driving wheel on this machine is admitted to be the siinplest. I-zisieet running and most con-
venient of any._ The machine is self-tliri-ading. iiizideof the best inaterml, with the wearing parts
ened, and is finished in a superior style. It has \'ein-ercil cover, drop-leaf table, 1 end drnweri-I,

- and center swing drawer. The nianiifactiirers warrant every niachiiie for 1 years.

I Ihey say: “Any machine not satisfactory to u HUI)SCI‘II)4‘.I‘, we will allow rctiirnml and will refund
(2 in nioni-y.”

Price including‘ one year’s subscription,  Sent by freiglit. recs,-in-r to pay clinrui-.~A. Give
name of freiglit station if ilitfereiit from post—otIico ziililress.

Address, with the money.
GRANGE VISITOR, LANSING. IVIICH.

. SPRAY ioiiiriiiiir TREES  VINES

Wormy Fruit and Lea! Blight of Apples, Pears, Cherries.  I-II'R.\ YING
Grape and Potato Rot. Plum Curculia prevented by using 0l"l'l“ITH.

PERFECT FRUIT ALWAYS SELLS AT GOOD PRICES. CI!-111102118 311097-
ing all injurious insects to Fruits mailed free, I.ur1.zl- stock of Fruit 'I'l'('l'.~$. Vim-a.
and Berry Puuils at Bottom l'I'Il'.L'I9. Aililress “XVI. .N"I‘.»\II L. Quincy. Ills.

 

'.xi:1n;i.ii:) Jo; pong ' ‘
; 'oo':.a'iKiII<>"H<iioz
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  May
(Dffer
No. 3

Any SUBORDINATE GRANGE,-3

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sending in atone time a

 
 

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General and NERVOUS DEBILITY;
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.‘ \h~<i|uie|_\' llll ‘
VIMI 'I'(-v.lI|’_V fr . um-s, l'l‘l‘IIlIl'Il'N and for -
You can nriie Mn-tu. Ilonl. I'i|i|i-\pl:ui.|l inii.iinII proof-i limill-(I
M-iAl(‘d,iI'r\'«'. .*iI<IrI'~rs Inlllli. .III‘IIH( .\ I. ('0. , Ill I>'I".\IilD. .\. V.

THE STANDARD

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‘ 'i'iu:.i'i'vii-A I‘ "I"!

 
 

  

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Used by the U. S. Army and is the fltfllldflrtl

among manufacturers and owners of tine harnesi
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ALBION. MICH. Box 22. Century Magazine _ _ _ _ 4 00 4 (I)


~..---.. v

. - ’?:-.-212.

" ought to be studied by Patrons.

4

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

THE GRANGE VISITOR

Published on the 1st and 15th of every month.

Kenyon lA- Biitterfield, Editor and Maiiager,
LANSING, MlCH..

Towliom all_exchanges. comngunjcations, adver-
tising bu.-nness and subscriptions should be
sent.

TER;\I.S' 50 Cents a Year, 25 Cents for Six
Months. Subscriptions payable in advance,
and discontinued at expiration, unless renewed.

I§"’Remittan('es should be by Rs-gistereil Letter,
oney Order or Draft.

Entered at the Postofiiceat Lansing,
Second Class Matter.

Mich., as

ANU TIIEI-J CALL.

It may seem that we are asking
a great deal of our readers. But
we want to impress it upon the
minds of those who have the bene-
fits of the paper, and especially
upon the Patrons of the State,
that it is very essential at this time
that we have their help. Patrons,
the VISITOR is yours and self-in-
terest demands your best aid for
the paper.

The call we make at this time,

sanitary conditions. The condi-
tion of the out-buildings, it has
been asserted, has been fearful.
This is not true. There have been
times every summer, when in the
very hot weather they have been
offeiisive—aiid this is a matter of
(:I‘ltlClSlD—*l)l1t not at the times
nor to such an extent as to warrant
the statement that they have bred
disease. The diphtheria outbreak
did not occur until the cold

" weather of autumn had set in.

The wonder is that in these
large dormitories there is not
more sickness of a contagious na-
ture. One room and a closet
‘lsufiice for a house for two persons.

The system demands a place
where the sick can be cared for.
There ought to be a hospital where
every man that shows the least
symptoms of contagious disease or
of other serious illness can be re-
"moved at once and cared for by a
5 properly trained nurse. It is not

in addition to those already asked,  the bad sanitary condition of

is that you send the VISITOR to,‘things,

some friend or relative, perhaps in
some other state,
otherwise to get it. It will cost
you but a quarter to send it to
such a one for the remainder of
the year. Especially if that
friend is a Patron you will want
him to see what the Michigan
Patrons can do in the line of jour-
nalism. We are aware that this is
a sort of missionary appeal, but
the Grange is a missionary body,
and, Patrons, we must have your
help!

 

AN EXPLANA TICN.

It may be that some of our read- ‘

ers will feel that in presenting dis-
cussions of political questions, we
are veering too much from the
clearly avowed non-political atti-
tude of the Grange. We wish to
say that it is our conviction that
every question,—cvery question,-
that concerns farmers as citizens

who 15 not hkely  restraining such disease

thus ‘,brecding contagious
ldisease, so much as the difficulty of
when
lOI1Ce established, that needs atten-
tion. Outbreaks occur here less
frequently than nearly any where
else. If there were proper con-
veniences for caring for patients
the trouble would in our opinion
be largely overcome.

The next legislature should ap-
propriate a sufficient sum, $20,000
perhaps, to build and equip a first-
‘class hospital building. It has
‘been asked for several times but
never was judged of importance.
* The discussion over the diphtheria
trouble may serve to show that
,criminal neglect, if there be any,

does not at least belong to the au-
thorities of the college.

 

GOOD ROADS.
lVe object to the term “ Gospel”
of good roads. However, the road
question is an exceedingly import-

No member of our Order can afford
to hold to his opinions merely be-
cause they are his, but should study
all sides of all questions. We be-

ant one and is just now coming to
{the front as a live subject. No
lone who has had any experience in
the country districts has failed to
see the necessity of better road-

lieve that this can be done effect-g making and better r0ad_keeping_
ually through the GRANGE VISITOR.jBut the complaints and gram-

And '00 that 911d We desire t0 PI‘6- I blings have usually ended with the

sent from time to time able articles
of their educational value. Each}
reader can draw his own conclu-i
sions and form his own opinionsl
regarding each question—we wish
merely to help him to a more intel-
ligent cenclusion. On questions
of party issue we shall endeavor to
present all sides fairly, but we do
not care to allow discussions of
such subjects. A jangle and un-
pleasantness would be the only
result. VVe trust that our readers
will appreciate the spirit in which
these articles are presented and
will make the most of them as
means of arriving at a better under-
standing of the issues of the day.

 

HEALTH AT THE COLLEGE.

Considerable criticism has been
passed recently upon the sanitary
condition of the Agricultural Col-
lege. Much of this criticism has
been given in the spirit of fairness,
some of it is evidently the product
of overwrought feelings, and some
of it has been made in order to
use startling head lines.

From the experience and obser-
vation of a residence at the college
covering a. period of nearly six
years, we are willing to affirm that
it is an entirely healthy place. In-
deed it is particularly so. The
vigorous and robust health of the

 hopeless query: How can it be
on these leading issues for the sake i helped?

There is little need of
argument or of education as to the
necessity of good roads. The ef-
forts of men must be expended in
devising means for building and
maintaining respectable roads at a
cost comparatively low considering
benefits to be derived. How shall
the roads be built? How shall
they be kept in proper condition?
Can We make the dirt road a suc-
cess? If so, how cheaply can it
be done? These questions must
be answered largely by the practi-
cal engineer. Shall road improve-
ment be a matter of local option?
Shall the townships be responsible
for their own roads? Or the coun-
ties‘? Or, shall we have State con-
struction and supervision? Shall
we have inter-state roads provided
for at the National expense?
These querries must be answered
answered by the citizens, largely
by the farmers. Strenuous efforts
are being made by the leading
bicyclists of the country to secure
proper legislation on the subject.
It is probable that a very complete
display of material illustrating
roads and road-building will be
made at the World’s Fair. The
farmers are of course more vitally
interested in this question than are
the wheelmen, and should display
even more zeal and energy in get-

students is a matter of universal
comment.

There was an outbreak of typh-l
oid fever in 1886, and there have in
the last six months been seven or
eight cases of diphtheria. In nei-
ther instance however can it be
proved that disease was due to bad

ting the matter placed upon a
right basis at once.

Michigan Patrons can do no bet-
ter than to think over the subject
in all its phases, and more especi-
ally in regard to the nature of the
legislation that should be de-
manded. We would like to hear

‘the views of many of our readers
upon this latter point. Let the
Grange bring its influence to bear
in solving the road question wisely.

 

ANOTHER APPEAL.

‘Va publish below an appeal from
the legislative committee of the
National Grange. VVe hope you
will read it and act upon it. If the
Patrons were as prompt iii demand-
‘ing the passage of the Paddock
:Pure Food bill as are the patent
medicine men and men who make
]a business of adulterating food
:pI‘()(ll1('tS in fighting it, the bill
=would become a law. Even
the newspapers that ought to
‘champion such measures ask
‘that this bill be defeated, be
cause they will lose a large adver-
, tising patronage. Every subordiii-

Kate Grange in Michigan ought to.

3act at once in this matter if it has
‘not already done so. More than
lthat, every man that can write
ought to add his mite to the great
volume of argument that would roll
into lVashington if the Patrons do
their duty. Don't wait for some-
body else. The fact that so much
opposition has come up and that so
many farmers have been derelict
in their duty is all the more reason
why we should now redeem our-
selves, and promptly come to the
aid of our friends who are fighting
this matter for us. Here is their
latest communication:

OFFICE or THE LEGISLATIVE Con-
MITTEE or THE NATIONAL
GRANGE, P. or H., WAsiiINcToN,
D. C-., MAY 6, 1892.

We regret, exceedingly, the
necessity of again appealing to you
for help to secure some just and
reasonable legislation, in the inter-
est of the people and common hon-
esty. The necessity for so doing
should not exist, but that it does is
unquestioned.

A few weeks since, it seemed
that the Pure Food bill, and the
Hatch bill to prevent the pernicious
practice of gambliscr in farm prod-
ucts would both mbecome laws.
The probability of the passage of
these just bills has at last aroused
and alarmed all who are financially
interested in perpetuating these
wrongs, and every influence which

centered in the House of Repre-
ure from being brought to direct

vote; as it is well known that few
representatives will care to go on

nents of the measures are so active,
that although their supporters are
as one to hundreds in favor of the
bills, if yet their followers all speak
(as they will), they will seem to
outnumber the mighty hosts who
are battling against fraud! corrup-
tion! and robbery!

We have reason to fear that a
share of the wealth so easily ob-
tained by selling compounds and
frauds to those who suppose they
are genuine articles, has been
pledged for campaign uses. Men
who would scorn a personal bribe
may not be proof against the temp-
tations to accept money to beat the
other party, which is assumed to
represent everything that is bad.
The end may seem to justify the
means. This is not intended to
apply to politicians of one party
more than another.

The danger is great and hence
we ask one and all of you to ad-
dress a letter, or what will be bet-
ter, a telegram, to the member of
Congress from your own district
and a similar one to Hon. W. H.
Hatch, chairman of committee of
agriculture, urging them to exert
themselves to bring these measures
to a vote at the earliest moment
possible.

We regret that we cannot say to
your member of Congress, no man
need expect hereafter to obtain a
vote from a farmer who does not
hear nor heed his just demand for
reasonable and needed legislation.
If we could truthfully say this,
nothing more would be needed.
As we dare not say this of the
farmers, we know of no better way
than to appeal to one and all to
write plain straightforward letters
or telegrams and speak for your-
selves. If there shall be a general
response to this last appeal the
voice of the opposition will be like
that of the noisy rivulet when

can be brought to bear is being’

record against them. The oppo-‘

brought in competition with the
I thunders of Niagara.
Fraternally yours.

J. H. BRIGHAM,

L. RHONE,

JOHN TRIMBLE,

Legz'sl(Lfz'rc (,'on1m1'Hvc.

 

PURE FOOD.

The adiilteratioii of food and
drugs is alarming. Good author-
ity states that you cannot buy a
sample of absolutely pure tea,
coffee, or spices. These particular
adulterations may not be harmful
but they are dishonest. So with
scores of other articles of daily

use. Those who desire to iiivesti-
gate this matter should send to the
United States Department of Ag-
riculture for the recent Bulletin
on the subject, No. 32 of the
Chemical Division.
The measure that is now before
the House for action is known as
the Paddock bill. It provides for
I the inspection by the chemical di-
-vision of the Agricultural Depart-
,ment, of foods and drugs that are
 sold in a State in which they are not
i1118.Il11f8.ClllI‘€(l; prohibits the adul-
iteration and misbranding of such
, foods and drugs; and provides pon-
Ealties for violation. Though it has
lpassed the Senate there is danger
lthat it will not be brought to a
ivote in the House. The opposition
,?to the bill does not proceed upon
lstrictly argiimeiitative lines but
‘consists mainly in rash statements
and misleading insinuatioiis.

One of the arguments brought
against the bill is the cry of “ vi-
cious paternalism," which finally
weakens into a feeble revival of
States’ rights doctrine.
ter of “iniquitous interference
with personal liberties.” when fol-
lowed in the next breath by “ leave

consistency so absurd as to destroy
all faith in the sincerity of the
argument. It is no more iniqui-
tous nor no more dangerous to lib-
erty, nor really no more paternalis-
, tie, for the Nation to provide for the
lexamination of foods and drugs
lthan it is for the States to do it.

 

,‘It is simply an extension of the

laws—to which there seems to be no
objection, but rather approval—-to a
sphere which the States do not con-
trol, namely, products of an inter-
state commercial nature. It leaves
to the States every right that they
now hold, and supplements their ef-
forts by action in a field in which
they cannot and will not act uni-
formly. Furthermore the failure
of the present State laws to check
the evil is abundant evidence of
the need of national legislation.
Again we hear “It would be pos-
sible for the experts in the employ
of the Government to use their
power to blackmail manufacturers
and to grow rich by discriminating
against certain dealers and in favor
of others.” Does any sane man
think that with the millions of
dollars represented by the manu-
facturers of finished food and drug
products, and the consequent abil-
ity to gain recognition in the
courts and to employ private
chemists to check any fraud on
the part of the federal scientists;
with the publication of results re-
quired by the law; with the alert
sensitiveness of the public ear to
political corruption, does any
sane man think that a few officials
can levy blackmail? Such an idea
is almost laughable. And then
mark you, what is there -at present
to guard the interests of the mill-
ions of consumers of foods and
drugs against the cupidity of these
rich blackmailers who now deceive
the people and grow fat themselves
from the proceeds of the sale of
dishonest goods? Who is to stop
this species of levy? The people
are helpless. But it is easy
enough to explain the sort of argu-

This mat- ,

,it to the States,” produces an lI1—‘

MAY 1.3, 1892.

ment that holds up its hands in
terror at the fear of blackmail on
the part of the oflicials. The
innocent do not fear investigation.
All this line and cry show that
there is need of aggressive action.
There will be business concerns
ruined, but no niaiiiifactiirer of hon-
est goods will be injured. And any
other than such a one
ruin.
The expense need not be great.
There need not have to be an
“ army " of officials. The bill does
not call for the constant examina-
tion of every product ofl’ered for
sale. A few exposures of a cer-
tain line of fraudulent goods would
serve to shut that line out. And
as time went on there would be less
and less of fraud and never any
added expense.
Then there are those who are
bold enough, or ignorant eiiougli,
'to say that there is no demand for
this sort of a ineasur<-. “fell, the
, National Grange not only demands
fit but is working iiiiceasiiigly for
lits passage. The National Dairy
,lAssociatioii, the National Asso-
lcliltliill of Druggists. the National
lGrocers’ Association, have all ap-
‘ pealed for its passage. Besides
‘that thousands of petitions have
gbeeii sent in advocating it. Tlioii-
lsaiids of fariiiers and other citizens
iwho have said nothing as yet, are
jiii favor of the bill. There are
ithree classes of people that oppose
lit: Partisans who dare not incur
ithe enmity of money and who feai'
;to make an error of policy; dis-
ll10l]eSi} manufacturers of the arti-
jcles included in the provisions of
iltlie bill; and newspapers who

deserves

Ieither fear the loss of political

3 prestige or of advertising patron-
jage. Tliepcoplc favor it. lVhich

j is to win?

__ 

C0.\'(;‘rl{ESS.

l
y
l

J
l

y The House passed the bill plac-
ling binding twine on the free list.

,' The House passed a bill pro-
‘viding for pensions to survivors
lof the Indian wars, the rate to be
[eight dollars per month.

Senator Vest created a little ex-

-- -, '1: tb cl.-Frtlttl
Sentatives to prevent either measm} principles underlying present State i 01 emen y ( riigiiig ia iere

gwas lavish and unnecessary expen-
lditure in connection with the dis-

jbursements of the \Vorld’s Fair
i appropriations.

The House and Senate confer-
ees on the Chinese exclusion bill
presented a report which was final-
ly adopted by both houses, though,
strongly opposed in the Senate,
notably by Senator Sherman. The
bill as amended, was passed and
signed by the President. It renews
the old law for ten years with ad-
ditional provisions requiring China-
meii properly belonging in this
icountry under the law, to provide
themselves with certificates stating
the fact. They must be able to
produce these at any time. Also
there shall be no bail allowed
[to a Chinamaii denied the privil-
ege of landing, who applies for a
writ of liabeas corpus, but the
matter shall at once be settled.

, In the Senate Mr. Call submit-
:‘ ted the following resolutions, which

i

1 were ordered tolie on the table and
be printed:

Resolved by the Senate of the_ I,-'nz'ted
States uf America, That a special com-
mittee of nine Senators shall be appoint-
ed, who are hereby instructed to consider
and report to the Senate some legislation
that will relieve the scarcity of money
amongst the farmers in all parts of the
country, reduce the rate of interest, and
enable them to obtain loans of money on
the security of their lands and crops.

2. That they shall enquire and report
whether it is not practicable to establish
some agency, depository, subtreasury, or
banking system, which with and by the
aid of the Government, co-operating with
the citizens, money shall be kept in every
community within the reasonable and
proper need of the people, at 10W rates Of
interest, to be fixed and regulated by the
people of the several communities under
the supervision of the Government.

 To consider and report to the Senate
whether it is not practicable to devise
some system by which the perpetual flow
of money from all parts of the country to
the centers of commerce and business
shall be limited and restrained so far as
shall be necessary to enable a sufiicient
supply of money for the need of the peo-
ple in all sections of the country to be
kept in their different and respective
communities.

3’
«x

 2‘ '33"


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MAY 15, 1892.

 

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

SMALL THINGS.

Too many otherwise very worthy
people, have a contempt for any-
thing small, forgetting the old
rhyme of “little drops of water,
little grains of sand,” etc. All
vices grow if neglected, and the
vice of carelessness is no exception.
The child who throws a handfull
of corn, or apple-pearings into the
stove, because it is easier than to
go to the 'loor and throw them to
the chickens, will waste bushels in
after years with no twinge of con-
science. He may not throw the
bushels in the stove but the apples
will be allowed to rot, and thus be
wasted, besides poisoning the air;
and the corn will be left in the
field, an ear here, another there,
where neither the chickens nor the .
fowls of the air are benefited by,
them.

There may be ten or twenty‘
square feet of grain in a corner
that the binder does not reach, so
it is left; it is not much so why
make a fuss about it? But there
are four corners in the field, ( un-f
less it’s circular, and that form}
isn’t common) and several trees,§
besides a stone-pile or two, and
there are several fields. Howj
much is left? Have we not the;
best authority for saying “gath-l
er up the fragments that nothing be 
lost.” The grain wasted may only §
represent the fraction of a dollar,i
but how many men would leave‘
the halves, quarters, dimes, or?
even the cents lying in the field if.
they dropped a handful of mixed}
coins. A man who dropped at
penny and neglected to take the-‘
trouble to pick it up would be;
deemed careless or extravagant by;
men who throw away many
every year by carelessness just as}
bad. ,

In no place is the waste so great?
as on the farm; in the factory thei
machinery and tools are all under;’
cover and are not needed eighty or?
a hundred rods away one day and?
as far in another direction the next. 
It is much easier to lay a W1'9I1Cl1i
or hammer down on a stone or in;
a fence corner after using it and}
forget all about it, than it is to take i
care of it. The only difference is?
that the manufacturer sells another 
wrench or hammer and the farmer‘
pays for it. The lost tool may be
discovered a year or two later, but
the woodwork has rotted and the
iron rusted so that the whole is
worthless.

The careless man leaves his
wood-beam plow in the fence cor-
ner, where it stands all the fall or
all winter. What of it? OI noth-
ing only when he uses it again it
takes some time to get the rust off,
pulls hard, and needs to be scoured
of with a stone frequently, then
the point catches a root and the
beam, that has rotted where the
bolt goes through, breaks and the
farmer spends half a day going}
after a new one, and has to pay for
that or get “trusted.” The plow
could have been put under shelter
in ten minutes; the woodwork
painted and the iron oiled at an
expense of ten cents. Instead we
have a man and team one-half day,
$1.00; new beam, 75c; total, $1.75.
To this one might well add as much
more charged to self-respect.

Plows are not the only tools
treated in this way. Wagons and;
buggies are left out in the rain and;
sun because it’s too much trouble}
to put them under shelter.

Rakes,:
tedders, harrows, forks, hoes and a:
hundred other things are neglected 
in the same way. Painting is neg- t
lected until the wood rots and has i
to be replaced at a cost ten times‘
greater than the paint that wouldj
have kept them sound. A
We all know people who are
always poor, always “shiftless,”
and who waste enough every year}
to give themselves many of the
comforts and some of the luxuries
of life. It’s easier to waste than
to save, but far less profitable, and
by no means as enjoyable. Many
poor men have wasted a fortune
and still wonder why Providence
forever frowns upon their efforts
to succeed. People who don’t
want to shoulder the responsibility
of their own shortcomings try to
shuflle them off on Providence, but
it don’t work. When the Lord
made the Garden of Eden, he did
not leave it to go to seed, but put
man in it to dress and keep it in
order. “Order is Heaven’s first
law,” and most people would be
happier and more prosperous if
they had a little more of that sort
of heaven on earth.
It is the attention to, or disre-

‘ spread

! are noticed and

~ and encouragement.

igard of these little things that

makes the difference between suc-
cess and failure. It is the small
leaks that sink the ship because
they are neglected. The large
leaks are at once noticed and stop-
ped. Small vices are not noticed
and they ruin the character, and
their baleful influence
around, while the greater crimes
shunned. The
pounds are looked after, but the
pence are forgotten; pence make
pounds, therefore look well to the
pence and the pounds will rapidly
multiply.
A. L.
Eaton Rupirls.

 

G001) ADVICE.

[Read before Olive Grange after the officers were
installed.]

I wish to say a few words to the
officers of this Grange, especially
the younger ones, and to the mem-
bers later on.

You are all aware that tonight,
you have taken a solemn vow
to fulfil the various duties in each
of your offices.

Your companions in this order

{have by the ballot placed you in

important positions. It is your duty
to do all that is required of you in
such a manner that they will feel
that their confidence was not mis-
placed.

Remember that the eyes of the
whole Grange are upon you, and
not only this Grange, but the whole
world is watching to see what
progress is being made. \Vhether
this Grange they hear so much
about is really doing good or is
only

the trust your companions havejdiscussion in the Grange concern-jbed?
Be faithful in alliing government affairs. Listen,:

placed in you.

5

ibers of the State Grange call it‘
lthe grandest organization on the‘

globe. J. J. VVoodman is one of
the number and none will deny
but what he knows what he is
talking about.

I am sure you have plenty of the
right kind of timber in your
Grange. Now all that is necessary
is to put your shoulder to the
wheel ai1(l push in the right direc-
tion and success is sure to follow.

I heard a member of a Grange
not very far away, a short time
since, say that the Grange did
very well for an entertainment or
to spark the girls, smoke and
chew tobacco.

My reply was: Every Grange is
just what its members make it. Am
I not right?

If we go to the Grange with the
determination to have a profitable
and interesting meeting we have it.
If we go simply for the sake of go-
ing somewhere and having a funny
time we have that also.

But, brothers and sisters, there
is something of far more conse-
quence than pleasure all the time.
The sterii realities of life will soon
be upon you. You cannot always
live the life of a butterfly. It
,might be pleasant if we could, but

it does not fall to the lot of very
.many. Each one has a duty to
 perform. ,
 Our legislative halls, Senate
lchambers, and other positions of
i trust must be filled. Perhaps some
1 of you that are in the sound of my
,voice may at some future time be
lcalled upon to occupy those posi-1
:i'.lO11S, and where could you find a,

;better school for inculcatiiig par-1
a myth. As a sister, and one, I liamentary rules and business reg-
too, that has great interest in your ! ulations than in Olive Grange hall? ‘
dollarsgsuccess, I will say, be faithful to’

It is well to bring questions for,

things. Be hopeful that good maygand even take part in them your-3

result from each and every meet-
ing. Be charitable with all. If
you see anything amiss, if a brother
or sister step a little to one side of
the straight and narrow path, don’t
be the first to condemn.
out a helping hand and try to draw
them back in the shelter
order. Be charitable to all, whether
in or out of the Order.

Another suggestion. Be punc-
tual in your attendance, and when
the gavel falls let each repair to
his or her allotted station, there to
remain during the session. Live
close to the rules laid down in the
rituals. If each one of you would

, commit to memory your part of
5 the initiation so as to dispense with

the book entirely it would be much
nicer, and would impress the mean-
ing upon the candidates much more
than if read. You are the leaders

 in this Grange for this year. May

each one of you conduct yourself
in such a manner that the Grange
will be better for your having gov-

, erned it.

Now a word to the members as
well as officers. Do not content
yourself with the thought that
you have elected your officers and
now you’ll stay at home and let
them run the affair and see how
they will come out at the end of
the year. You have placed several

, young members in important posi-

tions. They need your counsel
If you see
them making mistakes (and who
of us is perfect?) be patient with
them, kindly point out the error
and you will receive their grati-
tude. Bear ye with one another.
Remember the old saying: A house
(livided against itself must fall.
So it is with the Grange. It can
not stand and have some pulling
one way, others pulling another
way. But by all working together
in unison good results must follow.
You can not expect as much wis-

,dom from these young members

as you would from others that
have been here years or perhaps
were charter members. But I am
sure they are willing and anxious
to learn to do right and will will-
ingly take advice if given in the
right spirit. There are in this
Grange as well as all others, sev-
eral young people, and upon them
we must soon depend for the suc-
cess or failure of our Order. The
older ones are fast passing off the
stage of action, soon the place
that now knows them will know
them no more. So remember this
is no child’s play. .VVe can have
good times at our homes or “lots of
fun” as some would say at a social
gathering, but when we come to
the Grange remember we come to
stand up for the rights and princi-
ples of a grand organization. I
heard several of our smartest mem-

l self. I would not have all
; taken up with discussions, but have
ga part of the evening devoted to‘
,=essays, recitations, selections, mu-
fsic, etc., mixed in.
Reach  say: “Oh! these discussions are so f the fruit in the garden to the other:
3 dry, I cannot endure them.” 
of thei

‘listen to them and take part in

the time ‘

I know many ,

Please remember the day is not,‘
far distant when you will have to’

them too, for the present occupants
will soon be gone. to that home
from whence no traveler returns, and
upon you it will fall to occupy their
positions and follow in their foot-
steps.

A few more words and I am
done. When one of your number
is reading or speaking in the
Grange, do not act as if you werea
unaware of the fact. There is’
nothing more embarassing than to
read or speak in public and feel
that your efforts are not appreciated.
VVhen conferring degrees, let it be
done earnestly, sincerely and with
due solemnity. When we stop and
consider what the degrees mean,
we certainly can not call them silly.
At first death and the grave are
impressed upon our minds and at
the last there comes before our
vision pictures of another and a
better world, where everlasting
spring abides and never fading
flowers.

In entering orleaving the Grange
during the session, please do not
forget to salute the Overseer. I have
seen many enter the Grange and
take their seats as unconcerned as
if no Overseer was there. Others
would step up and go through with
the salutation in a hasty manner
and would be seated before the
Overseer could return the salute.
Now this is all wrong.

Although no word is spoken

‘she is only so disposed.

every salutation has a sacred mean-
ing and should be heeded. *

Now, hoping that you will alli

place faith in the supreme beingi
who doeth all things well, nurture l
hope that when we are called from
our labor on earth, me may all
meet in the Great Grange above.
Have charity for all mankind.
Guard all with fidelity.

That through your instrumental-
ity this Grange may become the
banner Grange of Clinton county,
with one exception, is the earnest

wish of
Mass. 0. L. PEARCE,
Overseer of De Witt Grange, Clinton Co.

A PANACEA FOR ALL ILLS.

There is no cure-all for both
body and mind so effective as open
air exercise. Physicians and all
works on hygiene recommend it for
all diseases, and especially for the
maintenance of good general health.
There are none of us in this day

and age who have not studied, read,

or looked into some work on health,
and we ought to know from ex-
perience that exercise in the open-
air is conducive to health.

After a long winter of indoor
work, living in over-lieated rooms
through the day and sleeping in
warm ones at night, or, perhaps in ‘
badly ventilated ones, we hail the
warm (lays of spring with gladiiess
and throw open wide the doors and
windows to let in the fresh invig-
orating breezes. int this should
not be enough, we ought to get out i
into the breeze, away from the dust
of the rooms and the rising bacteria
of the cellar. Those too weak to
work should ride or walk. increas-
ing the distance as strength is
gained, and for those who are not
sick, only “ailing,” a world of work
awaits you.

Never mind if the papers on the
shelves are not just so clean, if there
is not enough pie for the usual
generous pieces, if there is dust on
the parlor table; see that the dust
is wiped up under the bed and you
are ready for the panacea.

Pride has nothing to do with
out-door work, it must be swal-
lowed. If that cannot be done. the 1
sun bonnet can be drawn down and
tied tight, and if anybody goes by
she’ll never know who was inside
that bonnet.

There any many things a woman
can do in the yard and garden if

I

Raking up the leaves and rubbish

‘is usually the first thing to be

done, but that is hard work, and
should be done moderately. Al-.
most all women have flower beds‘
of some kind, but they seldom
think of going into the garden to
work. If it is genteel to work in a ‘
flower bed, why not in a vegetable3
The seeds sown in the latter
will bloom and have just as hand-‘
some blossoms as those in the
former, only they must be left to,‘
mature their seed for our future‘

benefit on the dining table instead‘ I

of being cut for the center table.
Don’t leave the management of.

side of the house, especially if he}
“ hates to bother with it.” A woman 
can take care of all the fruit needed 
for family use, and do it much bet-%
ter than a man; simply because he
will not take the time to make it a
success. Set out some strawber-
ries, that is easy work. Prune the=
raspberries (don’t call them ros-'
berries), it’s not necessary to tie;
them to stakes, just cut out the old
canes and cut back the new ones to
two feet tall and they will take care
of themselves. Cut, hoe, or dig,
away the grass from the currants,‘
and cut off all the useless twigs you
can find. The grape vines can be
made to bear if some of the old
wood is cut away, and about six or
seven good canes tied up. If
there is a plum tree in the garden
that has always blossomed but
never borne fruit, jar it every morn-
ing early, as soon as the little plums
set and until they are half grown,
spreading an old sheet on the
ground to catch the little gray cur-
culio that looks like a bit of dirt
that has fallen. And while you are
doing all these things, don’t do
them mechanically like a machine,
but observe how they grow. Can
you tell a plum branch of blossoms
from a cherry branch? How are
the buds on a grape cane arranged?
VVhich forces the buds first, the
old or young wood‘? VVhich comes
out first on a currant stalk, the
leaves or the blossoms? It’s not
what we read in books but intelli-
gent observation that makes us
learned.

Again, in doing these things
don’t try to do too much at a time;‘
never work until you are tired out;
be satisfied with a bit well done,
and you will go into the house,
feeling as though you could do!
mountains of work. You have
been invigorated; your “ ailing”
has left you ; you feel better in
body and mind, and you can truth-
fully say, that out-door exercise is
a panacea for all ills.

E. R. S.

Paw Paw, .M2'ch.

THE FARMER’S VEGETABLE
GARDEN.

 

H. P. G.

If you have not a small space
given to rhubarb in your garden
see to it now that a start is made.
Rhubarb roots can be purchased
of the seedmen, but it is probable
that some of your neighbors, who
are more fortunate than you in hav-
ing a-bed started, would not object

to your digging a few roots to make
a beginning. A dozen roots plant-
ed in good soil, four feet apart

}would be sufficient for a large sized

family.

It is now time to set out early
cabbage plants. If you did not
sow the seed in boxes during March
and keep them in a warm room,
or better still, in a small hot-bed
out doors. you must buy your

plants of your neighbors or at the

stores. Fifty plants each of Jersey
\Vakefield and Henderson‘n Sum-
mer will be sufficient for early cab-
bages. For late cabbages you may
sow the seed soon in some rich
spot protected from the hens.
“'hen the plants are up thin to
about two inches apart. The plants
should be ready for transplanting
in July. For late varieties. Pre-
mium Flat Dutch, Late Druinliead
and Stone Mason may be men-
tioued.

Cauliflowers are seldom seen in
a farmers garden. The require-
ments of caulitiowers are similar
to those of early cabbages. If
once grown they will be sure of a
space in the garden the next year.

Lettuce is a crop that will stand
some freezing without much injury,
therefore the seed may be sown
early in the spring. It is perhaps
best to sow the seed in a well pre-
pared spot and when the plants are

, of sufficient size to transplant them
‘to the garden.

If you wish to cul-
tivate with a horse, plant in rows
3 or 3i feet apart. Set the plants
12 to 15 inches apart in the rows.
Lettuce plants will grow to a large
size it" you give them a chance.

_‘Sow the seed at different times

during the season for a succession.
Prize Head, Grand Rapids, Tennis
Ball and Black seeded Simpson are

; good varieties.

It is well to have some straw
handy to cover the asparagus bed
when a frost is expected.

Have you :1

Syster

F 21

Cuzzin

01‘ ill]

Ant

who lives in

Maine

or somewhere in the East;
or in

Texas

or somewhere in the South;
or in

California

or somewhere on the Pacific
Coast?

Well

if you have, don't you want
to send one of them

The
Grange
Visitor

until Jan. 1, 1893 for

25 cents?

 

Read the article on page 4
entitled

Another Call

and then send us their name
and address, inclosing a
postal note for 25C to
our address-


-...»_ -.-« ~—-.. anus» ’* «~*-

6

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

MAY 1.‘), 1892.

Ladies’ Department.

W A LT W H l’l'3l A N .

‘We present a few extracts from the
poems of \Valt Whitman. showing his
peculiarities as well as his talent. A
sketch of his life follows, together with
the opinions of the press and the critics.
We trust this collection will not fail to
interest our readers who are inclined to
study our American literature and liter-
ary men.

Froin "I.EA\'E.‘i or onsss."

A child said H'hut is (hr grass?’ fetching it to
me with full hands.

How could I answer the child?
what it is any more than he.

I guess it must be the flag of my disposition. out
of hopeful green stiitf wovs-n.

Or I guess it. is the haudke-rchief of the Lord,
A scented gift and Y‘(‘II]l‘H]bl‘1lll(‘l‘Il9Hl:.{n6'(ll)' dropt,
Bearing the owni,-r's name someway in the corners

we may see and remark, and say ll'}H}.s'I'.’
Or I ess the grass is itself a child. the produced

babe of the vegetation.

Or I guess it is a uniform hieroglypliic.

And it means. Sprouting alike in broad zones and
narrow zones,

Growing among black folks as among white,

Kanuck, Tuckahoc, (Yongressnien. (‘utf, I givi-
them the same. I receive them the same.

And now it seems to me the beautiful uncut hair
of graves.

Tenderly will I use you curling grass.

It may be you transpire from the breasts of young

men.

It mzliy be if I had known them Iwould haveloved
t ieni,

It may be you are from old people, or from the
offspring taken soon out of their mot hers’
laps.

This grass is very dark to be from the white heads
of old mothers,

Darker than the colorless beards _of old men,

Dark to come from under the faint red roofs of
months.

0! I perceive after all so many uttering tongues,
And I perceive they do_not come from the roofs
of months for nothing.

I wish I could translate the hints about the dead
young men and woinen,

And the hints about old men and mothers, and
the otfspring taken soon out of their laps.

What do you think has become of the young and
d men?
And what do you think has become of the women
and children?

They are alive and well somewhere, ,

The iimallest sprout shows that there is really no
( eat

And if ever tlicre was, it led forward life, and
does not want at the end to arrest it .

And ceas‘d the moment life appe:ir'd.

All goes onward and outward, nothing collapses,

And to die isdifferent from what anyone suppos-
ed, and luckier.

* * * * * X «’.'» * * * X

I know I am doathless.

‘I know this orbit of mine cannot be swept by a
carpentcr‘s coiiipass.

I know I shall not pass like a child's ciirlacui-cut
with a burnt stick at. iiiglit.

I do not know

I IIEAII AMERILYA SIl\'('-INN.

I hear Aiuerica singing. the varied carols 1 hour.

Those of iiwcliaiiics. each one singing his as it
should be, blithv and strong,

The carpenter singing his as he iucasures his
plank or beam,

The mason singing his as he makes ready for
work, or leaves off wor

The boatinan singing what belongs to him in his
boat, the deck hand singing on the steamboat

ec

The shoemaker singing as he sits on his bench,
the hatter singing as he stands,

The Wood—cutter's song, the ploiighboy’s on his
way in the morning, or at noon intermission
or at sundown,

The delicious singing of the mother, or of the
young wife at work, or of the girl sewing or
washing,

Each singing what belongs to him or her and to
none else,

The day what belongs to the dayeat night the
party of young fellows, robust, friendly,

Singing with open mouths their strong melodious .

S0l1gB.

BELIOLD, A wo.\iA:~:!

The old face of the iiiothcr of many children.
\VhistI I am fully content.

Lull'd and late is the smoke of the First day
morning,

It hangs low over the rows of trees by the fences,

It hangs thin by the sassafras and wild-cherry
and cat—l)rier under them.

I saw the rich ladies in full dress at the soirce,

I heard what the singers were singing so long,

Heard who sprang in crimson youth from the
white froth and the \vater blue.

Behold a woman}

She looks out from her Quaker cap, her face
clearer and more beautiful than the sky.

She sits in an arm chair under the shaded porch
of the farm house,

The sun just shines on her old white head.

Her ample garment is of creaiiied-liiied linen.

Her grandson raised 1 he flux. and her grand

daughter spun it with the distaff and the wheel.

The melodious character of the earth,

The finish beyond which philosophy can not go
and does not wish to go,

The justified mother of men.

 

VVIIISPERS OF HEAVENLY DE;\'I‘H.

Whispers of heavenly death iiiurinur‘d I hear,
Labial gossip of night, sibilant chorals,
Footsteps gently ascending,
wafted soft and low,
Ripples of unseen rivers, tides of a current flow~
ing, forever flowing.
(Or is it the plashing of tears?
waters of human tears?)
I see, just see skyward, great cloud masses,
Mournfully, slowly they roll, silently swelling
and iiiixing,
With at times a half dimin'd sadden‘d far-off star
Appearing and disappearing.

The ineasureless

 

JOY, SIIIPMATE, JOY!

Joy, shipmate, joy!

Pleas‘d to my soul at death I cry.)
ur life is closed, our life begins,
The long. long anchorage we leave,
The ship is clear at last, she leaps!
She swiftly courses from the shore,

Joy, shipmate, Joy.

INVOCATION TO DEATH.

From the walls of the powerful fortress‘d house,

From the clasp of the knitted locks, from the
keep of the well closed doors

Let me be wafted.

Let me glide noiselessly forth,

With the key of softness unlock the locks with a
whisper.

Set ope the doors, 0 soul.

Tenderly-—be not impatient

(Strong is your hold 0 mortal flesh,

Strong is your hold, 0 love).

 

m::A'ra's VALLEY.

[Whitmaifs last poem, in_ Harper’s Magazine,
for Apr .]

Nay, do not dream, designer dark, _

Thou hast portray’d or hit thy theme entire;

I, hoverer of late by this dark valley, by its con-
fines, haying glimpses of it, _ _

Here enter lists with thee, claiming my right to
make a symbol too.

For I have seen many wounded soldiers die,

After dread sufl"erings—have seen their lives pass

if ‘th i1 ;

Andol hvzilve vsialfcfifsd the death-hours of the old;
and seen the infant die; _

The rich, with all his nurses and his céoctors,

d th th . in meagreness an poverty;
druid I :1l;Bel‘f3I)(?x‘0I(:lng, 0 Death, have breathed
breat
Izlfdfileyanus and the silent thought of thee.

mystical breezes

And out of these and thee,

I make a sceiic. a song. brief (not fear of thee.

Nor glooin‘:-' ravines, nor bleak, nor darkAfor I
do not fear tliec-.

Nor cc-lo-bratc the struggle, or contortion, or
hard-tied knoti.

Of the broad lilei-.-ed light and perfect air. with
iiieadows. rippling tides, and trees and flowers
and grass,

And the low hum of living brec-ze—and in the
midst of Gods beautiful eternal right hand.

The:-. holiest minister of IIt'£|‘v'€I.l"tll£"t‘, envoy,
iisher, gliidc at last of all.

Rich. florid. lousener of the stricture knot call‘d

life.
Sweet, peaceful, welcome Death.

 

THE I’0l-IT'S LIFE.

I ‘YRlt‘\Yl1ltIl1itI1 was born in ‘Vest
Mills, Long Island, N. Y., May 31,
1319, and was educated in thc pub-
lic schools of Brooklyn and New
York city, and in the pi'iiitin_s;
office. He worked at the printers’
trade for some years in the summer,
while tcacliiug in the winter. Sub-
S(,‘(1l1(.‘ll'(l)',l1(‘lt,’?1l’llf,’(l the carpeii-
ters’ tradc and for brief periods
cditcd newspapers in New Orleans
and Hiiiitiiigton. L. I. In I847-8,
he made long tours on foot through-
out the United Statcs, following
the courses of the northwestern
rivers, also includiiig (‘anada in
his wanderings. In tho war, \Vhit-
man’s brother was wounded in

battle, and the poet at once joined
him in cuinp where he afterwards

,remained throughout the struggle
as a volunteer nurse, his experience

’ our

words. He has added no
strength to our literature, only a
name of oddity and crankiiiess to
its list of writers who have achieved

, notice and mention.

The Jfitl-Coizfincm‘ replies to
this as follows:

\Valt \Vhitman was a man with
an opinion of his own, and had the
courage of his convictions, as was
evidenced by his “Leaves 0’ Grass,”
in which he treated moral, social
and political problems with a bold-
ness that shocked liypercritical so-
ciety, and for this it claimed that
he was iiiilecciit, but to the coii-
trary his life was a model of moral-
ity, but lie had eyes to see, and lie
spoke of tliiiigs as he saw them
and know theiii to exist, regardless
of public opinion. He foresaw the
opposition and abuse that the book
would meet with, and spoke of it
as a sortie on common literar_v use
and wont, in spirit and in form,
adding that a century might elapse
before his triiimpli or failure would
be assured. But in this he was
mistaken, for already do we rejoice
in its triumph, ialph lValdo Em-
erson having said, “I find it the
most extraordinary piece of wit

‘and wisdom that America has yet

. di1i‘iiig that period being graphical- :

ly described in “ Drum-Taps,” and I

 “ Memoranda During the \Var.”

‘ His fatigue and niglit-watching
during 1864 brought on an illness,
from ‘the effects of which he never
fully recovered. From 1865 to

‘said.’’
pared in England, where the liter-.

contributed. * * * I find iii-

comparable things incomparablyi

llfliitman has been com-

‘ary standard is higher than ours,

1674 he held a government clerk- ,

ship in \Vashington, being com-
pelled to retire in the latter part
of that year on account of a para-
lytic stroke. He spent his last
years in 1‘t‘\'lSl1)}_;‘ his works. He
never inarried, and it is said that
one reason why he never had bccii
more popular is bccauso ho ncvcr
wrote to plcusc woincn. the inost
fastidioiis of litci'ai'_v critics.

The New York Inrlcpciu/mif had
this to say editorially concerning
the dead poet:

The ilcsigiizitioii of ‘Volt \Vhit-
man as “ the good, gray poet," fails
of the complete and supreme iii-
felicity of the famous definition of
the crab, in that time had made
him at least gray. He wrote the

;noisiest, noisomest stuif ever called
‘poetry, in lines beginning with a
capital letter, and whose elusive
dactyllic suggestion had a habit
I of dribbling out into utter prose.
The cliaracteristic of \Valt \Vhit-
man’s style is the big and the brag-
, gart. His poems are the long-
j winded replication of Emerson’s
» egoistic panthcism:
“ I am owner of the sphere,
Of the seven stars and the solar year,
Of (‘ii-sarls hand and Plato's brain,
. Of Lord (‘hrist's heart and Sliakepearch-i strain.“
, So \Vhitnian claimed to be every-
, thing and filled up page after page
‘with the weary list of the particu-
‘ liii'tliiiigs liewas, apparently every-
, thing he could think of.
‘ers of Nature and especially of
;geiicratioii he cataloged in the

 

‘which was declared to be poetry
‘by some astonished admirers. al-

‘‘ noyed at being reprcscnted as one
of the worshippers of the rude-step-
ping bacchanal.

The pow- 1

The form of \Valt lVliitiiiaii’s~

with the leadiiig classic writers of
the world. Whitman wrote with
an exuberance of thought that
would supply the mental outfit of

‘ ten ordinary poets, and with a rush

gaiit laudatioii and uncon1prehend- ‘

of words, not reckless but grandly
labored, he hurls his views of the
world at his i'cziders with a vigor
and boldness that takes ‘Cl1l‘ll'lJ1‘(‘?1i'tIlS
away. He was fervid and scornful

in his expressions of the miserable =

hypi J(‘.I'ISlCS that fetter but also pro-
tect the cvily disposed, but the idea
he had at heart was universal love
which lcavcs no room for wicked-
ness, because it leaves no room for
(lUl1]g or saying unkind. uiicharita-
ble and unjust tliiiigs to his fellow
man.

The
thus:

C’/zrisfimz Union speaks

Over most of Wliitmaifs later

works the tlio'—.u.ght of death has

hovered, not as a shadow, but as a ,

prophecy of larger gains and g1'eate1'

I‘B.11_‘_{e than this life gives at its-
fbest.
of these nobler meditations of hisi

In the solemnity and hush

age the earlicr and cruder, and at
times repellent, voices of his youth
are forgotteii. It is time to judge

him fairly, dispassionately, gener-‘

ously. He has had both extrava-
ing condemnation; there are qual-
ities and elements in his work which
justify ‘both the claims of his
friends and the criticisms of those
who saw in him idiosyncrasy rather

 than geni us.

\Vhitman was, from any point of‘

view, a strikiiig personality; his

_ j figure, face, and gait made him
‘coarsest way, the brutiil novelty of‘

.was also a fortuiiate man.

everywhere a marked man. He
He had

‘the opportunities he needed; he
tliough Emerson was g_,rreat»ly an-

touched life on its universal sides

 intimately; lie had and iiobly used

verse was as bad as it could well:

‘be. After Longfellow’s “ Evangel-
ine” had tuned the public ear to

them into catching prosaic rhytlims,
‘_ \Vhit.man adopted the last and
i weakest fad of metrically structure-
Eless verse. Then his diction was
{strained and repulsive, and mod-
iesty was a forgotten virtue and a
fallacy.

himself rather to glorifying the
’greatness of a country which has
such big rivers, lakes and other
geographical monsters. Though
his verse improved, and he wrote
some fair short poems in rhyme
and meter, his reputation gradually
fell, as it deserved; for it was im-
,possible that the pure taste of a
-idecent people could long endure
the foul, or find perennial enjoy-
ment in a loud auctioneer’s cata-
log of members, regions and
activities. He outlived his fame,
and will never recover his reputa-
tion; because he had in him no
music, no imagination, no delicacy
of sentiment, and was but the voice
of one bawling in the wilderness,
with nothing to say to the listener.

Are we told to speak nothing but
good of the dead? What good can
We say? He is past any pain from

When the war came he ceased to,
celebrate indecency, and devoted '

chances of great service to his fel-
lows; he made warm and powerful
friends; his very disregard of form
fastened attention upon him. Re-
jected aiid derided by many, he

found entliusiastic acceptance at
dactyls, and Tupper had diluted}

the hands of some of the most
original men in this country and
England; he became to many the
forerunner of a new order of liter-

ature, the prophet of a new order‘

of society. It was his good fortune
to captivate or to antagonize; it
seemed impossible to be indifferent

to him. He was too positive, too=

virile. both in his qualities and his
defects, to permit of that indiffer-
ence which is the silence that fol-
lows mediocrity.

To understand Whitman at all
one must not only approach him
with an open mind, but with the
patience that endures and suffers.
Such an approach will be rewarded
by the discovery of a man of ex-
traordinary interest and a work of
very uncommon force. Whitman
was a fundamental man, Who recog-
nized and honored the primitive
instincts. His creed was of the
simplest; he accepted the world,
man, and life as essentially divine
in every part, quality, and mani-
festation; he believed in the com-
mon man as being fundamentally
uncommon; in democracy as the
inevitable and ultimate order of
society; in fellowship and brother-
hood as the true working relation;

in an ultimate spiritual purpose as
being wrouglit out ‘through all
things. He felt the unity and
community of humanity perhaps
more deeply and fuudamently than
any other poet in history, and he
made himself. in that sense, what
Professor Dowden has called him,
the poet of democracy. He ri-cog-
nized no sclective principle in art
or society; he cared for all men
alike. and he counted all occupa-
tions and coiiditioiis as on ii par.
This conception _gave his view of
Americas certain iiiipi'cssivencss
and grandeiir which no open-
iniiidedreadcr can fail to recognize;
it is not a new tlioiiglit, but it is
ccrtaiiily new in the compass which
he gave it. The t<)Wl1-1l1t‘t‘llI)}_‘[
dcniocracy of the Ni-w lCii;_:laiid
poets fades out of \'It‘\‘\' in such a
vista as “vhitinan opened, and in

this wide grasp of tlic Sl_Lfl1lll(‘?I1lt't‘ ‘

of democracy he was not only Hl()Ilt‘,
but prophetic. It was the spirit
and universal form of dcniocracy
which inspircd Whitman: with per-
sons and types, with the single
exception of Lincoln, he docs not
deal; and it is this breadtli of view
realized tlii'oiigl1 the imiigiiiatioii
that gives his poetry its distinctive
and original quality. His ii1iagin-
, ation was great, so great that, com-
pared with most contemporary
‘American verse-makers, he is as

silence with their solitary notes.

l

 

I Robert G. Ingcrsoll paid this
tribute to his dead friend. It

, expression, if nothiiig more:

tlicniystei'y ofdcath. A }_{‘I'(*2li11l1fl1l,
a great Aiiicricaii — the niost emi-
iiciit citizen of this republic is
dead bcforc us. And we have inct
to pay tribute to his grezitiicss and
to his worth. I know that ho 1if‘(‘(lS
no words of inine. His nanio is
scciire. He laid the foundations
of it dccp in the huniziii heart.
He was, above all that I have
known, the poet of liiiiiiaiiity, of
sympathy. Great-———lie was so giwit
, that he rose above the greatest that
he met without arrogance; and so

without conscious condcscension.
He never claimed to be lower or
greater than any of the sons of men.
He came into our generation 8. free,
untrainmeled spirit with syiiipathy
for all. His arm was beneath the
form of the sick. He sympathized

with the imprisoned and the dc-

spised; and even on the brow of
f crime he was great eiioiigli to place
the kiss of human sympathy. One
of the gi'eatcst- lines in our litera-
ture is his. spcaliiiig of an outcast,
and the line is great eiioiigli to do
honor to the greatest genius that
has evcr lived. He said: “ Not
until the sun excludes you will I
exclude you.” A cliarity as wide
ins the sky.
3 was human s1iti'ei'iiig, human mis-
= fortune, the sympathy of \Vliitman
zbcnt above
, bends above this earth. He was
, built on a broad and splendid plan
1 —ample, without appeariii§_: to have
;‘the limitatious—dressiiig

it as the firinainent‘

the mystery and vastness of the:
forest to the birds which break its?

frankiiess, coiira5_:e. And he was
candid as liglit. He was willing
that all the sons of men should be

absolutely acipiaiiited with his
heart and brain. He was not afraid
to livc; not afrziid to speak his
tlioiiglit. Nt‘llll0I' was hc afraid to
die. For niany years lie and death
livi-d in-ar iieiglibors. He was
always willing and ready to meet

and _<,;ji'eet this thing callcd
dcath. And for many inoiiths he
sat in the (ll‘(*1)(*lllIlg twilight wait-
ing for the iiiglit————\vaitiiig for the
liglit. In his brain were the lilosscil
iiieiiiorics of the day; and in his
heart \\‘e1'c niin}_:led the dawn and
dusk of life. He was not afraid» ~
checrful every iiioiiicut, the ltl11_L:l1-
ing nymphs of day did not desert

him. They rciiiaiiiod that tlicy
iiiight clasp thc hand of tho veiled

mid silciit sisters of tho lll_L{lli\\'ll<'I1
they should come. And when tlicy
did conic, ‘Volt \\'hitniiiii stretclied
his hands to both——» on one side thi-
nyinphs of day; and on the other,
the silent sisters of thc iiiglit. And
so, hand in hand. bctwecii smiles
and tears, he rcaclicd his joui'1iey’s
end. From the froiitici‘ of life,
from the westcrii-wave-kissed shorc,
he sent us messages of contciit and
hope. And those I1l(*SSEl_L{(,‘S seem
now like strains of music blown
by the mystic triiinpeter from
death’s pale rcalin. Today we give
back to mother nature. to her clasp
and kiss, one of the bravest, sweet-

est souls that ever livcd in human

clay. And I thank him for the

brave words he has said on the

subject of death.

l"ll.tl'.‘l*:“f"fltl l
iSll011l(ll)8 read for its beauty of‘ 1‘ 6‘ (98 Us U5 ‘M 11 mu 18

Since he has

was before, and tlioiisands and

,millions will walk down into the
“Again we in the mystery of,
life are broiiglit face to face with

great that he stooped to the lowest 1

‘THE

dark valley of the shadow, holding
‘Volt \VllltInIl11 by the hand, long
after we arc dead. Tlicbruvc words
he has spoki-ii will sound like
truuipcts to tho dyin§_:. And so I
lay this poor wri-atli upon this
_<_5reat ni:in’s tomb. I lovi-il him
liviiig and I lovc him still.”

 

Mr. lildinund (J. Stciliiiiiii sent, with
the funeral flowers, the following lines to
\\'alt \\'hitinan:

“ Good-by, \\'ult-

(iood-by from all your loved of earth —

Rock. U‘!!!-'..(Illll!l) crcuitiiri-, man and woman

To you their comrade human.

" The last assault .

Ends now; and now in some great world has

birth

.\ minstrel whose strong soul finds border wings,
More brave iiiiaginings.

“Stars crown the hilltop when-. your diist shall
lie

Even as we say good-by,
(x'ood—by, old Walt.“

 

Dl(iiNl'l‘\' OF A Tl{l'I-I
[[00]).

)I.»\.\'-

High aspirations and noble pur-

poses are only the result of pure

And wherever there‘ . -
ious cniotioiis and strong convic-

casily v

 for a brother of mountains and seas 
Taiid co1istellations—cai'iiig nothing ,

1 for the little maps and charts that

itimid pilots hug the shore with,‘

{and giving himself freely with the
,~ recklessness of genius to Winds and
}waves and tides——Acaring for noth-
ing so long as the stars were above
» him. And he Walked among men,
among writers, among verbal varn-
ishers and veneerers, among liter-
ary milliners and tailors, with the
unconscious dignity of an antique
god.

He was the poet, also, of that
divine democracy that gives equal
rights to all the sons and daughters
of men. He uttered the great
American voice, uttered a song
worthy of the great republic. He
has uttered more supreme Words
than any writer of our century,
and possibly of almost any other.
He was above all things a man.
And above genius, above all the
snow-capped peaks of intelligence,
above all of art, rises the true man
—greater than all. He was a true
man; and he Walked among his
fellow men as such. He absorbed
all theories, all creeds, all religioiis,
and believed in none. He had a
philosophy and a religion of his
own, broader, as he believed—a.nd
as I believe—than others. He ac-

cepted all. He absorbed all. And
he was above all. He was true,
absolutely to himself. He had

living. A degi'adcd niiiiihood and
a perverted life will surely follow
iiiircstraincd passions. Achicvc-
iucnts that ennoble life and make
it possible to rise above the coin-
inoii level of human existence are
only secured througli the domina-
tion of the passions to a will that
has become electrified with virtu-

tions of duty, and these will make
the loss of CV01'yi.llIIl§_{ material a
secondary considci'ati<iii»--11'rom
“1']({i'ioi'[al F/its/ties,” in I)muor—
csl’.s' I*'rmu'l_i/ ]ll'((._4/((31310 for Jam’.

I-‘00 I) A D [7 L'I‘l‘I l{.»\'l‘ I ON.

Chemical Bulletin No. 32, just
issued by the U. S. Department of
Agriculture, will be of interest to
every Patron. It is compiled by
our faithful laborer Alex. J. “led-
derburn, and shows vividly the
need of some national legislation
concerning the adulteration of
foods and drugs.

May

® Offer
No. 1
The

Grange
Visitor

From now unfil

Jan. ,1, 1893
For 25 (-115.

See Oifer No. 2

 


  
  
  
    
  
 
  
  

»3-.

R
).

‘'1

MAY 15, 1892.

 

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

“ THE Bcvi-zrzs’ GUIDE.”

Nearly a million households use it
as a reference book.

A million purchasers learning how
to make four dollars do the work of

five.
Sent only upon

in stamps to pay the postage.

receipt of 15 cents
(550

pages, 30,000 quotations, weight two

pounds.)

M()N'l'U().\Il£I{Y \V.r\l\’l) & C().,
In to 116 Michigan Avenue,

ClllCAG(.I.

OFFICIAL DIRECTORY

Officers National Grange.

     
 
   

lllAs'ri~:ii- -.l. H. lll{lh'|lA.\l  '1):-lt.-i. Ohio
UV’ ‘ll’ Hlll.\I\l ll.~\\\'KlNS.llawkins\'illc,.-\l:i. ,
LE ‘iiiimi .l\l()ll'l“l.\ll‘.‘l{ \\'lll'I‘l:'ll|-}_\l).. 

lblh Q. 51., N. “X, \V:i.~‘liiiigtoii, l). 1'.
\'.\lil) li. \\'. |)A\'IS.._._...\‘aritn ltoszi. (‘zil.
' .\"i‘i-;\\'.-mi;--(). Ii. ll.\ .....l’:iwiu-n. '-

.‘ .-\.'J. KUSIC ___  ':il:i<lo, I
‘ l“. M. Ma l)(>\\'lCl..l’ciiii
\—J()llN TRIMIll.l£,\\':ishiiigtor1.lU‘.
»A. Ii. l’A(r'l‘I .-\))[)ll‘l()ll Vii)‘, Mo.
.1. ll. l§RIGl{AM .,,,l)«-ltn. Ohio
‘ —MllS. J. M. 'l'll())ll’.\,'()X ..lUllUl. lll.
. A MRS. J. B. BAILEY..(‘oiii-lnittu, llrlis-‘.4.
LADY .\ss"i' S'i'i-;\v‘i> —Mlt.\‘. N. B. l)()lJ(.‘ . Z
Slierborn, .\lilSH.
Executive Committee.
J. J. \VOODM.\N ,__.._..._l’aw Paw. Michi,L::in
I.li().\'Al{l) RHUN ‘cuter llall. l’eiiin-',\'l\‘:inizi
X. X. (lll.\R’I‘ll£llS _,.l“re(li-riirskbiirg. \'iri.:iiii:i
Committee on Woman's “Work in the
range.
MRS. L. A. }lA\Vl\'IN.\' __..,llziwkinsvillc. Ala.
MRS. ll. ll. \V()()I)l\lAN...l’aw Pnw, i\lichigaii

    
    
  
 
  
 
  

 

J‘nr..
Srccici-.1

  

    

C-
.2
./

MRS. l£l.lZ.\B‘Tll llUSSELL,\'niicoiivcr. \Vzn-ah.

Oflicers Michigan State Grange.
M;\S1'FIll THUS. .\l.\l<S,
Ovi«:1isi<:i~:i¢.-—M. T. (‘(11.1%
Li~;c'i‘inii-zii--—A. J. (‘l{().\‘B
S'ri~:w.-\iii)—-.\. P. (;RAY.. . ..
.-\ss"r Sri«:w.\nn -\\'. E. ST()(‘l{l.N
('llAl’L.v\IN'~-ll\'U. E. l’.\SS‘;\l()R
Tiii~:AsUiiEIc— Ii X. STRONG ,,,, ..
Sr-;cnE'r.\m'—.ll H5 BUICLI. _ .
(iA'l‘1-2 Ki-:i-:i-i«:ii—(il<‘.(). 1.. (‘.All[.ISl. .l{alku.~:kzi
(‘i:iins—Ml{:~1. W. I-J. \\'l{I(.'ll'I‘. ____ ._(‘oldwatcr
PUMON.-\ —MRS W. ('. STUAllT.. _Fr'ciiioiit
FLOiiAvMl{S. (‘. (7. 1)()(’l{l‘l:\.V..
L. A. h"rn\v'i)——;\lllS. W. E. S’I‘()(‘l(lN(£..,(‘lwlsca

Executive Committee.

    
 
   

    

 

 

 
    
  

  

J. G. RAMSl)ELL, (Ihn _________ ..Traversi> (Tity

-i ‘I. I). ' .- TT _____ ..Ypsilanti
;‘ . «i. w. REl)FER\ - '
"i if. H. DRESSER ifi
H. H. ‘.\DS. .
R. H. T L .
. .» S,
JENNIE BUELL, i EX 0‘-W0 i ...Marcellus
General Deputies.

Hon. C. G. Luce _____________________ -.(‘oldwatcr

Hon. J. J. Woodman ......... .. -..Paw Paw

J. T. Cobb ___________________ .. .Schoolcraft

Jason Woodman. ________ _. .._..Paw Paw

Mary A Mayo ______________________ “Battle (‘reek

Special Deputies.

A. Luther ......................... __Barry (‘ounty

E. W. Allis _... Lenswee (‘ounty

Sis. E. D. Nokes, urch’s (‘or's, llillsdale(‘,ounty

Samuel Bruce ______ _Joncs, Cass (‘ounty

J. D. M. Fisk ‘oldwater, Branch County

R. V. Clark. . uchanan. Berrien County

T F. Rodge Ravenna, Muskegon County

\'orth Branch, Lapeer (‘ounty
James Williams._ .. Eastport, Antrim (‘ounty
Robert Alward .... . . Hndsonville. Ottawa County
Wm. Clark ...... ..(‘ha.rlcvoix. (fliarlevoix County
Committee on Woman's Workiin the
Grange.
Mrs. Mary A. Mayo ................ _.Battle Creek
Mrs. Mary Sherwood Hinds ____ ..Stanton
Miss Mary C. Allis... _.. ....... ..Adrian

  

Revised List of Grange Supplies
Kept in the office of Sec'y of the

Michigan State Grange

And sent out post-paid on receipt of Cash Order,
over the Seal of a Subordinate Grange, and the
signature of its Master or Secretary.

Porcelain ballot marbles. per hundred _____ ._$0 75

Secretary's ledger..

Secretary's record. _ .

Treasurer-’s orders. bo ____ . .

Secretary’s receipts for dues, per hundred..

Treasurefls receipts for clues, per hundred. .

Applications for membership, per hundred._ 50

 
 

  

Withdrawal cards, per dozen ______________ .. 25
Dimits, in envelopes, per dozen._. ... . .... ._... 25
By-Laws of the State Grange, single copies,

10c;per dozen...‘....._-.,__ .._....._.....__ 75
“Glad Echoes," with music, single copies.

250; per dozen.__: ........................ .. 3 00
Grange Melodies, single copy, 40c; per dozen 4 00
Opening Song (‘ard, Zc each; 75:: per 50; 100,_ 1 35

Rituals, 7th edition (with combined degrees).
25c each' per dozen-.-.. .., .... _.. ________ ._ 2 75
Rituals, 5th degree, set of nine ........ _. 1

 

Rituals, Juvenile, single copy ......... .. 1;
Rituals, Juvenile. per set ............. .. 1 50
Notice to delinquent members. per 100.. . _ , - 40
American Manual of Parliarnentary Law. ... 50
Di est of Laws and Rulings _______________ ,. 25
R0 1 books ................... ___ ....... _. . 15
Sample package coooperative literature 18

Write for prices on gold pins badges, working
tools, stafi mountings, seals, ballot boxes andany
other grunge supplies.

Address MISS J ENNIE BUELL,
Sec’y Mich. State Grange,
MARCELLUS, Mien.

GERMAN_._.._J
HORSE mo
COW
POWDER

Is of the highest value to horses. cattle. hogs, and
poultry. It assists digestion and assumlation
and thus converts food into muscle. milk and fat
which otherwise would be wasted.

MORTIMER WI-IITEI-IEAD Says: “ Ger-
man Horse and Cow Powder pays many times its
cost in keeping all kinds of farm stock in good
health I have used it for years on my farm, buy-
in a barrel at a time."

It is manufactured by Dr. L. Oberholtzei-’s Sons
& Co., Phoenixville, Pa., and sold at

Wholesale Pr-ices—viz:
Barrels——20lhs in bulk. 7!/gc per pound

Boxes ——601bs in bulk. Sc per pound
Boxes ——301b—5lbs pack. 10c per pound

By ALBERT STEGEMAN. Allegan, Mich.
THORNTON BARNES, No. 241 North
Water St., Philadelphia, Pa.

i is
Inn. N. Y. .

,.lierricn (cuter '

..lVillIl,l(' (‘rec-k l

STEE’S

   

.-. . — p T T
IMPROVED

nou 6I10l6l’a6Jr6.

Greatest Discovery Known for the
i cure of

HOG CHOLERA, and
PIN IVORMS IN HORSES.
HUNDREDS oE"rn1«:M.

BOSWELL, Ind., Oct. 13, r8o0.
Mr. G. G. Stcketee:—Your Hog Cholera Cure, 0|

    

’ ‘which I led two boxes to a yearling coll, brought hun-
‘ dredsof pin worms and smaller red ones from her.

' l d‘dl . W b 1‘ it to bee good
.5..".?i§.§.E.’.‘§’I““" °" ‘ ’ ° viffiiis’ RoB1soN.

Never was known to fail: the 0111! 511" Femfdy {O1 .
worms in Hogs. Horses,_Sheep, Dogsor  owls. i
Every package warranted if used as per_direc:ions.

Price, 5oc. per package, 6oc. by mail, 3 packages
‘$1.50 by express, prepaid. If )'Oul’>d|'UggISf‘h£iS rip!
‘got it send direct to pthe _propnc!_0r. b-1‘-0- -
’S'I‘l‘Zl{ I~;’l‘EE, Grand kupiils, M ich.

I C'.iAi.i.iiNurz ALL OTHER Hoe CHOLERA Rnuzniss.

Cured His Colts and Sheep.

Melefle, S. IL, Nov. 6, 191)].

MR. Srnxnrnn: Dear Sir—I send you $1.50 for
which send me three packages of your Hog Clio-
lera Cure. 1 have used it on colts and sheep and .
am well pleased with your medicine. i
Yours truly, A. D. BELL.

 

 and In effect Jan. 3, ’92‘
West Michigan R’y*

Favorite route to the summer resorts of North-
ern Michigan.

 

 

   
     
  
  
   
 

 

 

  
  

 

P. M. 1 P. M. A. M.
Hartford, Lv._ 1 243 | 8 06 .3 27
Holland, Ar..- 2 55 5 9 25 5 00
Grand Haven 3 44 ,l() 13 I 6 18
Muskegon ...._ 4 15 IO 45 6 50

Grand Rapids. A;-_ 3 55 no 10 6 10'
Grand Rapids, Lv _ 5 17 I 7 25
Newaygo ______ _. . 6 49 I 8 52
Big Rapids . 8 15 10 45
Ludington _____ ._ 9 50 2 0()
Manistee. via M. <5; . 10 22 12 20
Traverse City, Ar...  10 59 13 45
Rapids, Ar ______________ .. 11 59 1 45
P. M , P. M.
3 A. M. P. M. A. 
Hartford, Lv ________________ _.l1l 32 l 1  Z 12
Benton Harbor, Ar. .112 10 z 2 25 2 50
St. Joseph ______ ._ _‘ r. M. 3 so :i 15
New Buffalo.. ._.! 1 45 3 15 ‘ 4 30
Michigan City..  2 11 3 30 I  07
Chicago, Ar .................. -.,+ 3 55  25 [ 7 05
i P. M. , 1’. M. i A. M.

l
i
i
l

1 :26 p. in. » Has Free Chair Car to Grand
Rapids, connecting with 5:17 1’. M. Free (‘hair Car
to Manistee.

8:06 p. iii.—Wagner Buffet (far to G’d Rapids.

11:32 a. ni.—Free Chair Car to Chicago.

1 :55 p. in.»Wagner Bullet (‘air to (‘liicago.

Wagner Sleeping (‘airs on night trains to Chica-
go and Grand Rapids.

GEO. DE HAVEN, Gen'l Pass’r Agt.

GRAN D RAPIDS and
Indiana Railroad
Dec. 13, '91.-—Central Standard Time.

GOING NORTH. No. 1 No. 3iNo.  No. 7;

     

  

Cincinnati, Lv ....... ..  ..
Richmond ............ .. ‘ '

Fort Wayne, Ar ....... -_
Fort Wayne, Lv ...... ..
Kalamazoo, Ar ________ _.
Kalamazoo, Lv ....... .. ’
Grand Rapids, A: ..... ..

5_E‘£’5‘¢?8§:°-5§%’5_E
:o<z:aa»-fr! =:c~1~1:.cv:>_> :ocfU
til
.1

>
it
re? i5CDG30:N«L\'»:U soc?

Grand Rapids, Lv ____ _. 7 05 4

A. M.
Cadillac": ........... .. 11 00 9 10
Traverse City ......... _. 10 45
Petoskey .............. .. 1:. M,

~  88.‘§8‘-.?i5-’g'=€
Dd
L\a
D-I
O

 

Mackinaw, Ar ........ - . A

 
     

GOING SOUTH. No. 2N0. 6N0. 4 No 8
P. M. A. M. P. M.
Mackinaw City, Lv..... 7 20 7 15 2 00
Petoskey .............. -. 9 10 9 05 3 10
Traverse City .............. .. 10 45 4 15
A. M. P. M.
Cadillac .............. -. 2 2.5 1 25 6 45 ____ __
Grand Rapids, Ar. 6 20 5 30 10 40 .... __
Grand Rapids, Lv 7 00 6 00 ll 05 Z 00
Kalamazoo, Ar.-- 8 50 8 00 12 30 3 40
Kalamazoo, Lv.. 8 55 8 05 3 45
Fort Wayne, Ar. _ 12 40 11 50 A.
Fort Wayne, Lv 1 00 12 10 5
Richmond ____ ._ .. 4 20 3 40 9 .
Cincinnati, Ar ........ .. '7 00 6 55 12 01 .... __
P. M. A. M. P. M. P. M.

Sleeping cars for Petoskey and Mackinaw on

No. 8 from Grand Rapids.

Nslzeping cars, Grand Rapids to Chicago. on
O.

NSlgeping cars, Grand Rapids to Cincinnati, on
0

Nos. 1. 4, 5 and 6 daily south of Grand Rapids.
All other trains daily except Sunday.
(1 P & TC.Alé.. Lé)CK&lVgOD(.i
. . . . lt, ' .
E. BAKER. Aghnt, Kalamazoo. mm 8P1 B

‘ treacherous foe.
;its destructive work may often be
fanticipated by the numbers pres-

7

lGoIlege and

Station.

SUGAR BEETS.

Dr. Kedzie answers a question
relative to the food value of sugzar
bcets grown on mucky soils as fol-
lows:

" The feeding value of sugar
beets docs not (l€pcI](l entirely upon
the amount of su,<_-‘er tliey contain.
The food value will depend upon
the amount of the zilbuininous ma-
terials in the beets and upon the
amount of .s'ta1'cli and giiiii in addi-
tion to the siigar. The pulp remain-
ing after siigiir has been la1j«.;ely
extracteil has great valiic for (‘ftlllc
food. Beets raiseil on mucky soils

;will be good for fodder but poor

for sn;.:a1‘."

 

Cl"l‘ WORIVI PR l‘IVlI.\"l‘.\'l‘l\'l'I.S‘.

\\'ith the rcappcaraiice of the cut I

worm comes thc ll1f)11_L.{lll? of pre-
ventivcs and rcinedics. Mmiv

‘ renicdics arc recoiiiinciidcd; only a

fcw arc comiiicndnblc. To p1'otcct
small plants in thc }.;‘¥1]'(l(‘l1, (‘S})(—‘(‘—
inlly tomatoes and c;il)b.'i5_:cs riffcr
tl'l111.'~lpl2lI1ll11_L{.il1(*]‘«‘lSI1()tlilll;_§ safer
to rccoiniiiciid than ciic.'isiii;; indi-
vidual plants in a srnnll pns1.cl)ozi1'<l
box from which the top and bottom

lnive bi-en i‘c111o\'cd, or a tin can

fixcd in thc sanic wny. Pint and
quart tin cans arcziniong the liousc-
hold rubbish of alii1os'to\’ci'_y<lwcll-
ing and can be utilizccd to good
(1(l\’tl!1lEl}_[P:. The top and bottom
may casily bc rcniovcd, wlim-c
soldercd, by lioliliiig over a hot fire
8. moment. Tliese pi'ote(-tors nccd
not. be vcry liigh, and should be
pushed into the ground sulficiciitly
deep to prevent the cut worms
crawling uiidci‘.

\Vhci'c people linve small flower
beds on the lawn, they are often
troubled to protect such l)|'(lS from
cut worms that come from the sur-
rouiiding sod. In Sllcll
l{0I'()S8l1t.‘(‘ll1lllSlO1l,I)I'()pGl'ly(llll1tt‘(l,
may prove ii satisfactory trczitinciit.
The sod should be thoroughly
soakcd for ten or tiftccii fcet back
from the bed. This will do no

harm to the grass if diluted one to,
twelve as
‘former bulletins.

rcconiinended
l’i‘otecto1's like
those recommended for the garden

: will prove equally efficient for many

flowering and foliage plants.
The cut worm in the field is a
In the corn field

ent when fitting the ground and

the cut worms poisoned before the

corn appears. The same is practi-
cal for the garden also. This poi-
son remedy is widely circulated
and doubtless all know that it con-
sists in taking freshly cut grass or
clover, and wetting it in 8. strong

‘solution of Paris green, scattering

in little bunches or bundles over the
bare field. This is a very popular
remedy, but my experience leads
me to consider it of little value
after the corn is once up.

While on institute work last
winter, the cut worm question was
one never to be passed Without
discussion. Although I presume
I could count the remedies by the
hundred that were suggested, one
seemed to be a great favorite
amoiig all farmers who had tried
it. This was early fall plowing,
supplemented by an intermittent
stirring of the soil from that on
until planting time. It should be
done by a harrow that will stir the
ground deeply, or by a cultivator,
and at intervals of about two weeks
in the fall and even oftener in the
spring. The object is to bring the

are greatly exposed, notonly to birds
and predaceous insects but to storms
and the hot sun, which are alike
very destructive to the cut worm.
G. C. DAVIS.
Agrzcultural College.

 

POTATOES.

The following is from Bulletin
85, by Professor Taft. We intended
to give an abstract last week but it
was overlooked:

The Best Varieties to Plant.

As an extra early sort, Howe’s
Premium* has again shown itself
one of the best. Although only
fairly productive, it is of excellent
quality, and for home use well
worth planting.

Of the new sorts we cannot make
exact comparisons as to season, on
account of their premature ripen-
ing, but McFadden’s Earliest and
Queen of Paris showed little signs

CHSUS ‘

in our 3

~of blight, were ripe on August 8,
and produced, the former 2357.5
bushels, and the latter  l)usli—
els. They seemed to be nearly as
early as Premium, and wi,-re
much more productive. ()f other
early sorts the niorc promising
were New Qi1ee1i** 2348 lnisliels.
Toi1l1ocks.2b'3.7 bushcls, Sigiial,
22031.2 bu.-‘hels, lirirl_v Miiiiiesota,
:2-10 bushels, Early \Vhita- ieziiity
of Hebron. ‘Z20 biislicls, Eciiiity of
Hcbi'oii* 20'} l)llSl1(‘lS. l‘l2irly Ox-
foi'(l"-""“‘ Z2135 l)l1Sllt‘lS. Followiin:
within fl wcck as inediuni curly
sorts were, E.'ii'l_\' l_’eai'l. 277.5‘ bu.-‘l1-
els. 'l‘lioi~l)iirii’* 233} buslicls. Fort
(‘ollins, No.  240 lnisln-ls, Early
lose?“ ‘_")S.4l) l)1lSll(‘lS, I’1itnain’s
New I{<>sc“* 194 lnislicls, Em'l_\‘
I’ui'itan, ‘llllibiislicls, Fm-i-iiiiiii. 213
biislicls and Ilziiistls l\'N‘.l*’* 2303
bushels. The best sorts flint would
be classml as medium late \\'c1'c
Wiest’;-: No. 3. 26-1.? bushels lI‘&tl1v1'
coarsc), l’. and IV. \'i(.-Tory, ‘.3251
buslicls. L:izell’s Secilliing, 223.7
buslicls, Pcrfcciioii. 2lb'.~l l)llSll(‘lH,
and Hupplaiitcr, 12003.’ l)1lSll(‘l>‘».

Thc lwst lntc sorts were Enipirc
Sta.tc* 275} l)iisli<-ls, Halo of im-
kota, 2031.2.’ bushcl.~;, ldcnl-*-‘ ‘.3-3*"
bus'licls_. \Vhitc l‘llcpli;iii’r-*3‘-*-* ‘3ll‘.l.7
biislicls. ('i'owi1 -I(‘\\'(‘l, :.’()\‘..’} bu.~:h-
cls, and ltimil l§lnsli** 2043.-l
biislicls.

The zibovc lisis wcrc inzidc out
from thc l)l‘llH.\'lt)l' of thc \'éll'll‘ll(‘h'
lhe past h‘(?ElS()I1, but it so lnippciis
that of the \'£1l‘l(‘ll(‘.'~‘« which \\'crc
also }.;i'owii in IHHH. cvcry onc was
on the sclcclcd list for tli:ityc:i1'
1, with the ('.\'(‘(‘pilUll of \\'cst'.s' No.
2'}, which is too (‘()zll'S(‘ to be \'alii.'i-
blc), and quitc ii nuinbcr which

lizive been j..{l'0Wll for thrci-, or four

yczirs vvi-re hif.:hly coinriiciidcd in
IHHS and 1889.
Sumnmrtz/.

l. The sceil cnd is as good, if
not bettcr. tliaii any other part of
thc potato for pl:iiitin§.;, l|.1l(l as 21.
rule I)1'1)(lll(‘(‘S fcwci‘ small ll1l)(‘l‘h'.

2. As‘ 8. rule, iiieiliiiiii-sizcil po-
tatoes cut into halvcs leii_<_{tliwi.~:c,
using zit the rate of 13 to l3 busli-
(:15 of semi to acre, will produce
best not resiilts, plaiitcil one and (I.
half or two feet zipart.

3. If .s'inallei‘ seed is used. the
eyes should be 15 inches apart, and

3' pieces containing two or tlirce eyes, ‘
At distances over ‘
jtwo and a half feet the number of’
3 hills is so much decreascd that the ‘

, about 18 inches.

yi ld is lessened.
, 4. \Vhen potatoes are cheap, it
ldoes not pay to use small potatcs

5 as seed, but when seed potatoes arc ‘

;l1igh, tubers the size of hens eggs
1 may be used for one year without
A; greatly decrcasing the yield.
 Even on fairly rich

with profit. \Vhen innnurc cannot
three miles, 500 pounds of mixed
chemicals or of some good brand

cheaper to use, and will be a profit-
able investment.

ably reported on.
PLANTING THE ROADSIDES.

 

[From “ Flora of Michigan," by Dr. Beal and
Mr. Wlioeler.]

For shade trees along the road-
side, or in the front yard, in coun-
try or city, among our deciduous-
leaved trees, the sugar maple
(including black maple) is a gen-

tensively planted. It isafashionable
tree, producing a dense, clean top,
much the shape of a well-built hay
stack. Too many trees of this sort,
I however beautiful they may be,
i give a monotonous appearance to a.

4 cut worms to the surface where they 1 yard or roadside.

The American elm, when well
grown, is the queen of the decidu-
ous-leaved trees of northern tem-
perate regions, and is often planted.
Our numerous species of oaks are
too much neglected as ornamental
trees, partially, perhaps, because
they often hold their dead leaves
during winter.

Among evergreens, for general
planting, the white pine, arbor-
vitze, hemlock, red cedar and Nor-
way pine, can scarcely be equaled
by any species in temperate clim-
ates. Well-grown hemlocks have
been considered by competent
judges to be the finest evergreens
in cultivation, while, in many
respects, the white pine cannot be
excelled.

It should not be forgotten that a
verly large proportion of foreign
trees and shrubs have not proved
hardy, or, after a few years, in some
respects fail and become unsightly.
In this regard, if we try natives of

soil, *
manure or fertilizers can be used‘

be obtained without l1H.11ll11f_{tWO or“

of commercial fertilizer will be%

* The number of stars after a variety indicate :
the number of years it has been previously fa.vor- ‘

eral favorite and the one most ex- I

our own region there is scarcely
any risk.

Doubtless the time will come,
when the oflicers of at least some of
our rural lii}.;l1ways will lcarn that it
is next to vandalism to remove the
last vcstige of every shrub or small
trcc along the ronilsidc. They
often leave It tree here and there.
but il1(,‘S(’€l1‘O frcqucntly danm._i;ed
by the triinining. (ironps or thick-
cts of native sli1'1ibbci'_v. including
vines. iintoiichcd by ax or bush-

,hook, are a §.:rcat source of dclig.:lit
to H wcll-traiiicd ])(‘l‘S0ll. as he views
them while pnssiii_«_..r aloiig the road.
As a rule, at present. all bushes
fl11(lSlll‘11l)S are considered by the
avcra}.;e pathiiizister as cntirely out
of place and not to bc tolerated in
any well in-giilziti-il ncigliborliood.
Thcrc 1ic\‘c1' was It _‘..{l'Hll(‘l’ mistake,
and thc inore we talk about it, the
sooner we niiiy look for much
in-cdcd rcforiiis.

I’lmI/1'n_¢/ u (:')'m'c.

llilllllrllt (ll.'~‘(‘llSSl1l}.{ at prcsciit
tlic utility of plmitiii}.: trees for
\.;rowin_-.,r tinibcr in :\Il(‘lll_‘..{€lIl, we
can inost hczirtily cin-oiii‘a;;c cvcry
fziriin-i‘ who hns Ihc lczist inclination
that \\':i_\'. to plant on soinc ft(‘l'(‘.
inorc or loss, onc OI‘ inziny spewi-
ini-n.~; of nntivc ti'«-cs and Sl1l'lll).s‘ of
as nniny kinds as liu c.-in S(‘('lll‘t‘.
\\'hcn propcrly nitcinlcil to, siicli
:i piccc will provc to bc niizulditioiizil
zittmctioii for homo. lf pi'opci'ly
locziicil. it \\'lllsc1‘\‘c lo (‘ll\‘(.'l{ thc
tic-i'cc winds which chill thc miiiiitils
in tho beirn, drift lliv snows in win-
l(‘l', shnkc lhc zipplcs from the
ll'(’t'>' in suinnicr ()l‘ lodgc thc }..:i'ni1i
bi-forc it. is rip:-.

A part of this :ici'i-, or oven niorc.
could bc planted to clicstiiiits,
liickory nuts, black walnuts,biittc1'—
nuts and llHZ<'l nuts.

(,'0llN.

The followiinr, is (ill zibstmct of
e.\'pei'iiiii-.iits with corii zit. thc l’ui'-
due Uiiivcixity l‘l.\'[)(‘I'lIll(‘1lt Sta-
tion, L:if;iyct.te, liidianiiz

(?HN|)I'l‘l().\'>' AS TO SOIL, 'l‘lll‘I.\'l‘—
I\[liN'l‘, l£'[‘('.

The soil of the station farin is a
compzict, dark colored, second
bottom, containing :1 large portic“
of clay intimately mixed with veg-
etable inattcr, and underlaid with
coarse _i:1'avel. Though highly rc-
jtentivc of capillary moisture, the
perfect iiatiiral <l1'.¢ii11n._«_-,'e, due to the
underlying gravel, prevents an ac-
,cuinulution of free water in the
.soil. Owing to this fact, zi protract-
ed drouth in July and August neu-
tralizes, in large measure, the ef-
;fects of fertilizzition and methods
of culture, and seriously reduces
the yield of corn. The nearly
.level surface and apparently even
character of the land, as well as
the nearly uniform trezitinent, have
secured practically identical con-
;ditions for the different plats of
[any series; and as the plats ivere
nearly all of considerable size-
f one-tenth to one-fourth acre~the
, results may be received with confi-
ldence, as indicating about what
Ifarmers may expect to accomplish
; under similar conditions.

The points aimed to determine
iwere
§ 1. Early or late planting.
 Early planting gave the best ever-
} age for three years.

2. Thick or thin planting.
* The planting was done with a two
}horse drill planter, the rows three
and two-thirds feet apart. The
best results were obtained when
the kernels were dropped twelve to
fourteen inches apart.

3. Deep or shallow plowing.
From plowing four, six, eight and
ten inches the average was about
the same for each depth, at twelve
inches the yield was less.

4. Deep or shallow cultiva-
tion. The results showed in favor
of rather shallow cultivation.

 Yields from rotation and
successive grain crops. The re-
sults show a gain of ten to fifteen
per cent in favor of rotation.

The effect of previous manuring
showed greatly in favor of barn-
yard manure over commercial fer-
tilizers.

6. Effect of full or partial ap-
plications of manure. By full ap-
plications is meent suflicient ma-
nure or fertilizer to supply all the
nitrogen, phosphoric acid and pot-
ash required for a crop of seventy-
five bushels of corn per acre; and
partial, or two-thirds applications,
mean enough of the above named

[Continued on Page 8.]


  

8

 

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

MAY 15, 1892.

Nofices of‘ Meeiings.

BRANCH C0 [NTY I’0MONA.

Branch county Pomona Grange
will meet next with Union Grange
at their hall on Thursday, May
19, 1892. The A. M. session will
be devoted to the usual business
of the Order, followed by a
“ Union” dinner, yet to be excelled,
after which the public are most
cordially invited to attend and
listen to the following program:

“Address of Welcome,” Mrs.
Leander Burnett, Union Grange.
“ Response,” Mrs. A. L. Smith,
Girard Grange. “ Recitation,”
Miss Myra Ferguson, Coldwater
Grange. “How to make Subordi-
nate Grange meetings interesting,”
Miss Ida Fulks, Coldwater Grange.
“ Discussion,” Miss Carrie G. Fisk, j
Goldwater Grange. “Recitation,”,
Miss Belle Bennett, Union Grange, f
“ Care and advantage of house an 5
yard plants,” Mrs. Ira Martin, ofj
Batavia Grange. “ Discussion,”i'
Mrs. E. A. Brown, Batavia Grange. ;‘
“Declamation,” Rodney George,J
Coldwater Grange. “ How can we,‘
attain relf-possession,” Mrs. S. 
Lee, of Union Grange. “Discus-ll
sion,” by Rep. D. D. Buell, Union;
Grange. “Wl1at should be the}
coming farm fence,” Mr. E. A.’
Greenmyer, Coldwater Grange; all
join in the discussion. “Should
the farmers of Branch county put:
much time or money in orchardsl
and small fruits?” Mrs. W. 
Wright, of Coldwater Grange}
Discussion by all present. The}
program will be interspersed with?
music furnished by Union Grange. l

Farmers, refrain from the never-l
completed farm tasks of plowing!
and sowing your fields and take;
a “half holiday” by sowing thel
mind with pleasant and usefull
ideas that may “yield an hundred ;
fold!” If the day is unmarred by!
showers and “Horse Races,” the?
meeting is bound to be one excelled .
by none and equaled by but few;

H. E. STRAIGHT, l
Lecturer. 3
l

wssrizax P0.\i0.\'A. 9

VVestern Poinbria Grange Willi

meet with Ravenna Grange No.1

lof

TARIFF-—PROHIBITION.

[Continued from Page 1.]

question. will surely be attained if
their respective views prevail.
\Vliicliever side is right, then, in
this tarilf contest, and because right
will win, for the right will certain-
ly win in the end, and the policy
adopted that will be best for the
material interests of the country,
there is no reason to fear that pro-
hibitioii will longer be kept in the
background.

One of the many stories told of
Mr. Lincoln seems to be pertinent

to this question of party prohibi-

tion. A call was made for troops
while the people of the northwest
were still greatly excited over the
Indian outbreak. Feeling, that

under the circumstances no soldiers *

should be sent east, the governor

of Minnesota telegraphed Mr. Lin- .
coln that it was impossible to fur-1

nish the troops and asked what
should be done. Immediately the
reply came back: “If you can’t,
you can’t. A. Lincoln.” It mat-
ters not how prohibition may over-
shadow all others, the fact remains

that as a party issue it cannot win ‘

while the tarifl’ question is yet un-
settled.
Larising, lllich.

 

NEWS NOTES.

MI(?HI(iAN.
Hon Edwin VVillits is in Michigan.
A large number of hotel men met in
Detroit.

A Lansing Improvement Association
has been formed.

Rapid transit in Detroit. Electric cars
on Jefferson ave.

Prof. Davenport is on his way to Mich-
igan from Brazil.

Butters S; Peters’ mills at Ludington
burned. Loss $250,000.

There is to be a fine carriage road be-
tween Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti.

$457,000 is the amount of the primary
school fund to be apportioned this month.

Students’ Republican League meets in

Ann Arbor May 17.—~McKinley, Thurston
Alger, Burrows.

It is stated that hundreds of Chinamen
came across the St. Clair and Detroit
rivers last week.

Judge John C. Shields, ex-chief Justice
Arizona, and formerly of Lansing,

373, at their hall in the village of } dyad at Fow1ervi11e_

Ravenna, Thursday and Fridayl

Dr. Nelson, president of the Kalamazoo

May 26: and 27- The f0110WiDgicollege is dead. He initiated a new era
papers will be presented: “ \Vhat l of prosperity for the college.

shall be done with our roads? Is:
not a radical change in our road:
laws a necessity? By Robert;
Alward, Georgetown Grange. '

Paper—“ The Model \Vife,” by
Mrs. George Chiibb, Lisbon
Grange. ,

“\Vhy do so many boys leave‘
the farm?” Mrs. Thomas \Vilde,
Ottawa Grange.

The above will be followed by
discussion, and the whole inter-E
spersed with music, recitations,
etc.

Mr. George Chiibb, of Lisbon
Grange will give one of his charac-
teristic recitations Thursday even-
ing. Let there be a full attendance
and a profitable time.

Ton F. ROGERS,
Lecturer.

LENAWE H CO l'NTY P0i\I0.\'A.

 

Lenawee Co. Grange N o. 15,
will meet with Rome Grange June

There will be a business meeting
of importance in the morning. A
good program is being prepared
for the afternoon. A good attend-
ance is desired.

MARY C. ALLis,
Secretary.

The statistician of the United
States Department of Agriculture
has prepared a report, which is
now in press, on the wages of farm
labor, the result of nine investiga-
tions from 1866 to 1892, with prior
records of wages as far back as
1840. The report shows the month-
ly rates both with and without
board for the season or year
and also by the day in harvest time.
It shows that for ten years wages
have been very uniform and well
sustained in spite of fluctuations
in prices of farm products, and
that a steady demand exists, with a
positive scarcity of farm labor in
a large portion of the country.

 

 

Haughty lady who has purchased a.
stamp)—“Must put it on myself?”
Stamp Clerk—“Not necessarily. It will
probably accomplish more if you put it
on the 1etter.”——New York Herald.

 

The reports of big winnings by grain
speculators are among our most popular
cereal stories.—Washington Star.

Rev. Mr. Jacob, of Muskegon, “the poor
man's pastor” is dead. Impressive services
were held in the Democratic Wigwam.

The Miner electoral law will be tested
before the Supreme Court. The Repub-
lican leaders of the state are the movers.

The Democratic State Convention at
Muskegon elected as delegates at large
and their alternates, Don M. Dickinson,
S. 0. Fisher, Edwin F. Uhl, and Edward

Ryan, delegates; Thos. M. Crocker, S. L. ,.

Bignell, R. R. Blacker, and Henry Cham-
berlain, alternates.

Judge J. G. Ramsdell had a remarkable
escape from what might have proved a
fatal accident. He was on horseback
and had ridden up on the hill in his or-
chard to superintend his workmen. A
stick in the hands of one of the workmen
frightened his horse. which dashed down
the steep incline of the hill, heading to-
ward a small plum tree. As the animal
neared it he swerved to one side and the
judge shot off his back, landing in the
top boughs and breaking the tree, which
was three inches in diameter, in his fall.
The tree undoubtedly saved the judge’s
life. He was much bruised but was able
to be in court next day.

 

NATIONAL.
Cyclone in Oklahoma.
There are rumors of a wall paper trust.

Snowstorm
danger.

in VVyoming. Stock in

Police seized red flags in Chicago, May
day parade.

Charles Emory Smith resigns as min-
ister to Russia.

World’s Fair laborers were assaulted
and mobbed by strikers.

National Editorial Association meets
in San Francisco, May 22.

It is claimed that Harrison has 346 del-
egates pledged out of the 896.

Louisiana confederate veterans de-
mand pensions from the state.

Edison has been granted telephone
patents that were applied for ten years
ago.

It is said that Senator Stanford will
resign and devote his time to his univer-
sity.

Patrick O’Sul1ivan, the Cronin suspect
is dead. He protested his innocence to
the last.

The Wyoming Republicans have se-
lected two ladies as alternate delegates
to the national convention.

Judge Montgomery resigned from the
Supreme Bench of the District of Colum-
bia, to practice in Michigan.

The general conference of the Method-
ist church met at Omaha, Nebraska. Lay
delegates were finally admitted to seats
separate from the ministers. The ques-

tion of allowing dancing by Methodist
church members was introduced.

Floods in Iowa, Kansas and Illinois
are doing considerable damage. The
Louisiana levees are in danger.

Prominent Chinamen_ held a secret
conference in Philadelphia. It is thought
that a general exodus is contemplated.

The gifts to the Yale University the
past year amounted to $375,860.37. The
accessions to the library have been 8,730
volumes and 29,000 pamphlets.

The Alliance conference at Birming-

ham Ala. decided that the Alliance should

, be kept free from partisan entanglements

and that its members could affiliate with
any party.

 

F()RF.ICl\'.

General quiet prevailed in the Euro-
pean May day parades.

Baron do Fava. the Italian minister, is
returning to the United States to resume
his duties.

Mrs. Potter Palmer is visiting Euro-
pean countries in the interests of the
woman’s part of the VVorld’s Fair.

It is again reported that Russia is act-
ive in preparations for war. The troops
; are being moved toward the western
‘ frontiers.

Some American physicians. after form- ‘
jing a Keeley institute at Copenhagen,
lhave gone to Berlin to try to introduce
,‘ the gold cure.

l The American legation in Berlin is
Eflooded with inquiries regarding the
lestate of Baron Fisher, who is said to
l have left relatives in the United States. E
3 The German authorities tell the legation
 that the estate is entirely mythical.

‘ Henry M. Stanley will be a guest of
EKing Leopold next month by the royal
ginvitation. The king is said to be anx-
lious to consult Stanley relative to the
i operations being conducted by the Congo
, free state against the slave traders.

3 IL is said that the Pope has confirmed
‘the dicision of the propaganda in favor
- of the plan advocated by Archbishop Ire-
:land of allowing American Catholic
1schools to be taught by state teachers,;
‘religious instruction being given after,
3 school hours, the object being to relieve .
.Catholics of the burden of the expense
P of separate schools.

1

y

CLlN’l‘0.\'—l’0)ION.-\. 

Clinton county Pomona Grange,
.met with Bath Grange, April 13._‘
The welcome address was given by i
Master Stamphly. Sister Dillsj}
responded in a few well chosen’
words.

The paper by Mrs. Varney
Pierce on “The necessity of teach-
ing writing in the common schools,”
was very carefully prepared and
full of good ce—L-ninon sense. The
Grange voted to have the paper
published and we hope the teachers
and others who have our schools
in charge will not fail to read and
profit by it.

The subject of “Dairying in
connection with general farming,”
by John C. Brunson was discussed
by that gentleman in a very able
manner. Mr. Brunson stated that
he sold from his four cows for the
eight months, commencing April
1, 1892, about $130 worth of cream.
He also thought farmers made a
great mistake in allowing their
straw stacks to stand in the fields,
but that they should be spread
and plowed under.

I. D. Richmond read some ex-
tracts on “The single tax ques-
tion;” but owing to the lateness of
the hour it was not discussed.

Bath Grange furnished good:
music, both quartets and solos by:
Mesdames, Stamphly and Mc-
Gonegal.

Pomona wishes Bath Grange a
long and useful life and they cer-
tainly deserve it.

0. L. BECKWITH,
Lecturer.

N0 W AND THEN.

A howling swell——An ulcerated tooth.

The young lady without an engage-
ment ring has nothing on hand to speak
of.—Dallas News.

“Oh, that must be too lovely for any-
thing," said Hortensia when she read an
account of a stage robbery in the far
west.

“Lovely to be robbed?” asked Uncle
John.

.“Lovely to be held up,” said Hortensia
with a roseate blush.—Boston Transcript

Below Mason-Dixons justly celebrated
line the sunbonnet is remarkably preva-
lent. Quite generally it is made of black
material. The black sunbonnet is one of
the saddest things I know of. Especially
is this true if it has lost its vertebra. O ne
can stand the vertebrated sunbonnet, but
not the other kind. In fact it cannot
stand itself.

The flipflap sunbonnet, made of crape
or black calico and belonging to the radi-
ata or mollusk family, would cast a gloom
over a hanging and take away all its
cheerful aspect. The enervated sunbon-
net made of a. large black pancake that
soured before it could “raise” is a. sad
sight. While I have been tempted in my
youth to sneak up into the fragrant re-
cesses of a freshly starched white sun-
bonnet, and linger there for an instant,
I do not think I could have done so if it
had been one of the black and nervously
prostrated variety. It seems so now, at
least.—Bill Nye.

j big drum refutes it.—T1'(l-Bits.

CORN.
[Continued from Page 7.]

substances for a fifty bushel crop of
corn.

The fertilizers \\'lll(‘l1 were of
the best grade, were applied broad-
cast and hari-owed into the soil
just before planting the corn. The
manure was drawn direct from the
horse stable, about the first of May
and immediately scattered and
plowed under.

THE RESULT .\'ll()\\'.\‘

1. That two-tliirds applica-
tions of fertilizers gave better‘
yields of corn than full doses.

2. That two-thirds applica-
tions of manure produced practi-
cally as mucli corn as full dress-
ings.

3. That the horse manure gave
better results than the commercial
goods. ,

The third point tallies closely

,‘with other experiments made here. ,

which show that commercial fer-,;
tilizers have slight effect on the:
yield of corn, but produce their l
best results when applied to the ;
wheat crop. j
Judge: “What sort of a man, now. was 
it you saw commit the assault?” Con-g
stable: “Sure. your honor, he was a small 
insignificant cratur about your own size, y
your honor!"—-Tid-Bits. 

“You havn’t heard anything until you ;
have heard both sides,” says a writer. ‘
This may be very pretty logic, but the

 

SEVI-INTEE.\' YEARS.

Worcester Co., Mass., Apr. -1. ’92. ‘
Mn. EDITOR:

Dear sir: I have used the Inger-
soll’s Liquid Rubber Paints for,
over seventeen years and have been 
so well pleased with the durability ,‘
and color lasting quality of thee

.
l
:
l
l

1

nor will I so long as I can procure

the Ingersoll Ready Mixed Paints. ,_ I

Fraternally yours, l

W. F. SA\vvER. Z

[See Adv. Ingersoll’s Liquid Rub-;
ber Paints.vEd. 

orig.-
No. 2

Any
Subordinate

Grange

Sending in at one time :1 list;
of TEN SUBSCRIBERS or more
to THE GRANGE VISITOR
during the month of May.
under the seal of the Secre-
tary of the Grange, can have

the paper until

New

Years
1893

For 20 (its

For Each Subscription

See Ofi‘er No. 3

Will

You ‘'2
Help '

Us iiicrense our suhscrip
tion list?
How can _you do it?
Well, the next time
you see neighbor “B"
ask him to give you 21

uarter

So that you can send it
to us. We will then
send

The

Grange
Visitor

to him until Jan. 1,

I893

(Send the mine on the blank below

lsame that I have used no other, after cutting it out)

1802.

May.

Find inclosed postal note for 25C for which send THE
GRANGE VISITOR until Jan. 1, 1893, to
Yours truly,

RANGE VISITOR:
Name  
Address

VV A NT ED

T  AGENTS
In every Grange in the United States and Canada
Send for (“ii-culars and Full Particulars. l
An active member in every Lodge of F. & A. M.,
 O.  K.Rof‘P.,KI.(1)P.l‘I{{. 
..A. ., ..-., .0 .,i... .
K. O. T. M., G. A. R. Liberal inducements.
Exclusive territory now assigned. Only
mexnillmrs of the said Orders employed. L_J

. ( r F68!-l.

FRATERNITY FINE ART 00.

P. (). Box 1572, Boston. Mass.
Please mention this paper when you write.

HUSBANDRY.

 

Rheumatism, Scrofula, Eczema.
and Inflammation of the Eyes
cured. Address.

DR. W. H. ROSS,

Grand Rapids, Mich.

PRESSES OF ROBERT SMITH 8: C0.,
LANSING, MICK.

.37

>

Y,

 

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