‘V A 2 VOL. XVII. N().M13’..i 2 lwoa. 2 HOW SHALL IT BE PUT UP AND SOLD? Letters From Leading Wholesale Houses, Wool Growers, And Local Buyers. Thinking that possibly we could secure interesting and useful in- formation, on the ever agitated sub- ject of putting up and marketing wool. we wrote to the leading com- mission houses of the east, to prominent local wool buyers in Michigan. and to the best known wool growers of the state. ‘Vs asked of each a series of questions that seemed to bear upon the ques- tion at issue. We have not as yet received replies from all but many have responded and we give their answers i11 full. To the I'Vlzolesalc H oases. we sent the following questions: 1. Could you- give an estimated amount of Michigan wool that your house usually handles? 2. Is Michigan wool put up in Worse condition than that from any other states? If so a. What states excel and in what respects? b. How much of this inferiority is due either to the class of wool, to lack of care during growth, or to carelessness in putting up? 3. Are local buyers as a rule ‘capable of grading wool properly? 4. Under the present regime for ’ buying could the wool grower bet- ter afl"ord to sell his wool on a basis of commercial grades than by the present methods? 5. lVould it be practicable for growers to ship their lots to the wholesale house through the local buyer, the latter to sack each lot and to receive a commission only; the wholesale dealer to grade the wool and to make individual re- turns for the same‘? 6. If the method suggested in question five will not answer, what would you offer as a means of sat- isfying the wool grower? The following replies are at hand. W. D. EATON & CO. 1. We handle about one mill- ion pounds of Michigan wool yearly. 2. Michigan, New York, Ver- mont and VVisconsin, rank about alike in putting up their wool. ‘Vs refer to washed wool; and Ohio and Pennsylvania are some better, but a chance for improvement in those states—the trouble is in a “nut- shell,”—growers half wash their wool and then stufl’ unwashed tags in and it makes trouble. The remedy is simple. “ Do not wash the sheep”—have it all unwashed, and then the wool would sell on its merits and not so much chance for difference in opinion. 3. No, they are not as a rule. 4. Think present method best if all wool is unwashed. Sell to local buyers. 5. Not practicable. 6. Do not wash; sell to the local buyers at market prices, which will alvgayscvbe enough on account of competition among buy- ers. Boston. JUSTICE. BATEMAN & CO. 1. In reply to your questions we would say, that we handle annually large amounts of Michigan wool from the finest to the coarsest, re- ceiving many car loads of every grade raised in the State. 2. In answer to the second ques- tion, Michigan wools are put up in about the condition of New York state and Wisconsin wools, and these wools are put up in a worse condition than any other wools raised in the United States, in so far as there is usually a large “ THE FA RJIER I S OF .l[()RE (.'().\"SE(,l CE ‘amount of heavy thick twine wound about the fleeces with a big knot. Sometimes as much as a ;half a pound of string. all of a ‘very bad kind, is taken from Mich- igan fleeces. Besides, Michigan 3fleeces are not as well washed as fother wools, and if they ever are‘ jwell washed, the fleeces are allow- T ed to remain on the sheep long. ;enough before shearing to again become greasy. The wools of Ohio -‘ are in better condition than those 3 b ‘of any other state. Ohio farmers ‘wash the fleeces better than Mich- 9 igan farmers, and shear them as ‘soon as the fleeces are dry. They use as little twine as possible, and 3that is of a hard, thin quality »which does not ravel and speck the 3 goods as is the case with Michigan. ;In Michigan wools particles of fitwine and vegetable fibre get into lthe wool and it is impossible to detect their presence until they show by spoiling the cloth. The growth of Michigan wool is satis- , factory and the breed is also good. ‘The only fault is one easily rem- edied, and that is. in putting wool up in clean condition with fleeces suitably tied up. 35. Local buyers as a rule are not judges of wool, and are often re- sponsible for the bad condition in which wool is put up by the grow- ers. as they do not discriminate, and will sometimes pay as much for fleeces in bad condition as for those in good condition. This applies particularly to agents buying on eastern orders-— men who are spending other people’s money, and are not as carefull usually, as those who are buying for them- selves, and are spending their own money. 4. If wools are consigned to a proper responsible commission house. they will be sold in the east- ern markets on their merits. Clean wools will bring the top prices, and dirty wools a correspondingly low price, and all are sold on a basis of the amount of real clean scoured wool in each fleece. 5. It would be practicable for growers to ship their wools to wholesale eastern houses, but as farmers as a rule are not in a posi- tion to ascertain who are the most responsible eastern commission houses it is better for them to sell the wool to a local dealer, who him- self consign it to a commission house. Th profits that are usu- ally made by local country dealers are so small as to be only a reason- able compensation for the trouble and risk which they take in buy- ing wool of farmers to forward to the eastern markets. Phil(¢(lelph1'a. MAUGER AND AVERY. 1. For business reasons we would prefer not to state the amount of Michigan wool we han- dle. It will be sufficient for your purpose to state that as agents for manufacturers we handle more than a million pounds of Michigan wool annually. 2. Michigan wool is put up by some growers as carefully as it is in Ohio, which is the best of our washed wools. A very large pro- portion of the wools however are not so carefully handled, and there- fore Michigan wools bring less money in the market than Ohio wools. ((1). Ohio and Pennsylvania excel because wools are better bred, longer stapled, more free from tags and stuffing and yield less per- centage of inferior sorts. (b). We should estimate that the difference in the care and breeding of the sheep and carelessness in putting up would account for the inferiority in the Michigan wool. 3. Some local buyers could grade wools sufliciently close for sale iiNs1.~*G, MICHI to manufacturers without regrad- ing, but the greater portion could not do so, nor have they the Ware- ihouse room nor .ime during the ;few weeks in which wool is mar- keted in Michigan. The most se- Irious difficulty is fixot in the grad- ing of the wool, lfiit in the method of buying, which does not discrim- inate between ch / e and average j clips, but pays thefhighest price to the largest grower, because the uyer being paid one cent per jpound for buying is eager to get _the big lots and cftialpete with oth- i er buyers actuated’ by the same in- terested motives. Zfhe choice clips Jsweeten up the lot‘. but the stand- ;ard of the state is .lowered. 4. “Under the present regime;” ithe present methofia are all wrong. {F our or five cen 'per pound ex- {penses are paid 0 L‘ on the wool to {the loss of grow and consumer ‘and only the l V l wool buyer ‘nets a profit. a consequence 57 many dealers who:-fiornierly operat- fed in Michigan-,v¢§ols_ have drop- gped out and thereyés less co1npeti- :tion from conifiission hou'ses for the b11sinfl8'S«.7} In Australia, which is now theggreat producer of merino wools, f, theworld, the lwools are classi 5 when shorn by lexperts. f are branded with owner’s..-ma as well as the quality and are‘ 9 always in or- iginal packag ‘false pack- ing or fraudful 'l¥u.be located, and a higher pficb’ ‘paid in con- sequence. The various marks ac- quire a reputation according to their merits, manufacturers buy- ing frequently year after year the same marks in preference to others. By this method the growers are stimulated to excel and establish the reputation of their clips, and are enabled to increase their flocks yearly. Their wools are closely graded and every quality separate, and every bale marked so that the buyer knows just what he is getting. One buyer wants a long combing, another a clothing. another takes locks and pieces, etc. Each qual- ity is suited for some branch of manufacture and receives the com- petition of those for whom it is suited. The struggle for existence of manufacturers not only in Europe, but here also causes the preference for Australian wool, because it yields (so closely is it graded) just the quality they require, whereas a domestic fleece wool graded by experts in market rarely yields more than 40 to 60 per cent of the desired quality, and the loss of in- terest on the balance which has to be carried until it can be used or unprofitably manufactured, is a se- rious loss in these days of close margins. , 5, 6, 7. It is a good deal easier to explain the difliculty than to sug- gest a practicable remedy. It is hardly possible to carry out the Australian system because your clips are so small that they could not be so closely classified without putting several qualities, frequently, in the same bag, which would involve expense of rehand- ling. The only way the plan could be carried out would be for the grower to secure suflicient warehouse facilities and secure experts to classify the farmers wools, crediting the farmers ac- cording to the relative value of their clips. These clips could then be sorted and packed in com- pressed bales, and if properly done could be marketed equally well in Boston or London. Of course, the price in London under protective duties would preclude sale there. It might be practicable for growers to ship their wools to the wholesale dealer but it would not in our opinion benefit any one as much as the plan proposed above. GAN, JULY 1. 1892. XCE THAN THE FARJII, AND SH()l'Ll) BE F1]i’ST l.l[PIx’()l'I~.‘l)." 'The expenses of doing business. rents, labor, insurance. etc.. are so great in large cities that the mer- chant handling small clips in the 3manner proposed would not be ‘compensated by a commission of five percent. The great dcsider- atum is to save expenses and the 3 greatest of these is the local buyer ior agent who rides around among lthe farmers and gets a cent a ,pound for buying heavy wools at fsame price as light clips. If you ?can hit upon any plan which will }eliminate all but the honest com- fpetent wool buyers in the state it lwill be an advantage. You prob- ably have at least one such in almost every town in the wool agrowing section of the state. If each town could have a “fair day” once a week, when the principal buyers could examine the growers’ clips it would be to the growers’ advantage. The better the buyers’ judgment on wool the more it is to the advantage of the grower of the best clips. for he can appreci- ate the higher value of such clips. \Vl1at is needed on domestic fleeces is to avoid ignorant buying and save the local commission of one cent per pound. To have wools properly classified and balcd (saving freight etc. p), and also sav- ing the cost on handling in the great markets, which is from three- quarters to a cent per pound. There is so much indifference on the part of those who dislike a radical change in methods and op- position on the part of those whose interests are likely to be affected. that it is not to be expected that reform will be quickly accomplish- ed, but our methods are antiquated and not in pace with the times and we hope your efforts will help to bring about a change. Bosfon. Of the IVool G'r()rrcrs \Ve asked these questions: 1. What is your customary method of putting up wool? Do you grade. in any sense of the word? 2. Have you sold to local buyers or do you ship to wholesale houses? VVhy do you prefer your method of sale? 3. Do you think that farmers as a rule put up their wool in the best manner? VVould it pay them to do it better‘? 4. Would it be practicable for growers to skirt their wool, sep- arating tags etc.. and to sell in two or three grades? 5. Do local buyers generally buy wool on its merits? 6. \Vhat is the cause of the antagonism between the growers ers and the buyers? 7. What remedy would you sug- gest for the difficulty? L. L. HARSH. 1. Up to the present time I have done up my wool, tags. sweat locks, and all together; never have ap- proved of the plan. This year we have done up our wool free from tags and sweat locks, tied it with small hard twine. But where are we going to get this small hard twine that the manufacturers want us to use all of a sudden? Ours cost us 22 cents per pound. 2. Always have sold to local buy- ers until last year’s clip. We ship- ed last year’s clip to a commission house. Results were not very sat- isfactory, but prefer to ship to commission merchants on ac- count of local buyers not buying wool on its merits. 3. No, I do not. It will surely pay them better if local buyers will give them the benefit of the same. 4. Ithink it would, making at least two grades, and then ship direct to the manufacturer. Wl{OLE NO. 394. No. there is not one in twenty that does. \Vhat do they care as long as they get their commission? _Tl1is is one reason why Michigan wool is in the shape that it is to- day. But there is lots of good wool in Michigan, put up in the best possible shape. but it is called Ohio wool as soon as it leaves the gi-ower’s wagon. Allow me tore- late to you one instance. Last year we \\'l’l't‘ in a certain town not far from here and we stopped to see them take in wool. Mr A. ‘drove up with his load of wool. ;A particular friend of the buyer. ,This clip of wool averaged nearly 12 pounds to the head. short. heavy, lgummy wool. After a short con- lversation in which Mr A. declared jthat his wool was thoroughly ;washed he received 24 cents per lpound. Mr B. comes next with * his load of nice White. clean wool of medium length. done up in good shape. free from tags and sweat locks, averaging about 6 pounds iper head. Mr B. receives 25 cents .‘per pound and eight cents for his (tags. MrB. undoubtedly put his ;tags on the inside of his fleeces ithis year. i G. Dishonest local buyers or ; buyers that do not understaml their business. * 7. My remedy would be that ,every grower do up his wool in the ‘best possible manner; making at least two grades, tying it with small. hard twine; and if possible ship direct to the manufacturers. Union 027]]. WM. BALL. 1. In answer to your first ques- tion would say that my method con- sists in putting upthe whole amount of wool that grows upon one sheep into the fleece, tags and skirtings :in an unwashed form, tying the lsame with a proper amount of twine, such as has been furnished by those selling twine. 2. Have sold to local buyers a11d have also shipped to commission houses in Boston and Philadelphia and have had them sell the wool. I prefer shipping, because I think I think I get more for my wool. The Wool is sold upon its merits more nearly than when sold to local buyers who have to trust to the same markets that I do and from which they must look for their margin of profits. 3. To this question I will say that it is diflicult to define the best manner. The common sense why is to put into the fleece what grew upon the sheep as wool in good condition free from impurities un- washed, as said in question one. 4. In answer to the fourth ques- tion will say no. Upon this matter Fenno Bro’s., & Childs, who have just sold our wool say: “As to skirting the fleeces, of course this is something which we hope may come in the future, but we doubt whether at this present time manu- facturers are educated up to pay- ing the proportionate value for skirted fleeces. They are fast ap- proaching the point, however. because now very few manufactur- ers buy a pile of wool without test- ing sample bags. By testing we mean taking them home, openin the bags, sorting the wool an scouring it. They then know just exactly what they are doing and are prepared to make an otfer on it.” . .1. O. 6. The anta onism, if such a term is admissible, between buyers and growers, arises from the fact that growers feel that there is not much wool bought on its merits. Mr. A’s wool, which is known to be of poor quality, brings as much, or nearly so, as Mr. B’s whose wool is much better. And the wool buyer with his instructions that the wool must be bought within 3. [Continued on Page 5.] _,,is decreased more water is added l 2 JULY 1, 1892 Field and Sfock. RAISING CALVES. T. D. SEELEY. There is perhaps no way yet dis- covered that calves can be so 4 first six months at least, as in the-; natural way, that is, to run with the cows. This, however, exceptf in rare cases, cannot be profitably L done with the cattle industry in its, present condition in Michigan. In order that cattle may be profit- ably kept, the cows must be good milkers and the principal profits derived from this source. The calves from a herd kept with this end in view may, with proper care and attention, be so raised that they will nearly or quite equal those raised on the cows at fifteen or, eighteen months. l 1 I have pursued the following plan , for the past four years with good results. The calf is taken away from the cow any time before forty- eight hours old, I think the sooner ~ the better, and placed in a box. . stall by itself. Here it is taught to drink. and particular care is taken not to feed more than the calf really needs, always aiming to have it ready to take its ration with a relish, and yet have enough. For the first four weeks the __ they eat them increase the quan-: easily and quickly grown, for the‘Im"“‘hS Old‘ THE GRANGE VISITOR. afew oats in the manger, and as 11-1303 IN Tl.IIEL:INEY«\RD F01‘ I‘ '. jtity as they grow, until they will‘ D G EBESTON .eat a quart three times a day.i ' '4. ' §Turn them out at noon for drink * It is difficult to lay out the work land exercise, and let them have to be done in the vineyard during their milk tvsice a day, morninglthe month, unless we know its‘ and evening, until six or eightpresent condition. Therefore, you according to theirwill allow us to suppose that the 1 growth and the time of year.}vines were properly pruned and hen, if in winter. roots are good ' tied to the stakes or trellis, accord- food, with bran and oats, and some I ing to such system as may have oat-meal is advantageous. Calvesbeen adopted, and that cultivation thus raised will keep their shape_has been given so as to have the aiid grow from two to three pounds soil in a me-lloiw condition and free per day, often gaining one hundred from weeds. \Vith the prevalent pounds per month, and will please wet weather of the season, this may the eyes of the purchasers. Such not have been done in all cases; calves should be sold to those consequently the greatest vigilance wanting animals for use, at from will be needed during the present nine to twelve months old. A month. young bull out of condition or When the young growth was a poorly grown is never salable. ?few inches in length, all weak and Calves being raised for beef, or imperfect shoots,’as well as all to make cows, can be raised IH11Cl1fOtl1eI‘S not showing good fruit buds,~ more cheaply by feeding skim milk. ‘ should have been removed, unless and by taking more time will be such shoots were needed to furnish ‘ nothing about. equally as good. My method is to take the calf and tie it up, especially at feeding time, until it‘ is well learned to drink. Feed new milk for the first two weeks to develop its digestive organs, then3 mix with skim milk for the nextj two weeks, then skim milk entirely, i with hay and oats as above. Fall‘ grass in the spring and do well, fruit-bearing wood for the next year. This, of course, has reference to the bearing vineyard, where- fruit is the object sought after. \Vith young vineyards the object is different, and should be the de- velopment of a strong growth of vine for future usefuliiess. About this time also the vines calves may be weaned and 5-:0 toishould have been sprayed with some form of the Bordeaux inix- 0,.dina,.y Calf Win 1.equi,.e about but spring calves should be keptqture, as a preventative of fungus eight quarts of milk daily. milk can be had three times a day, I prefer to divide it into three feeds, otherwise I should give but two feeds, rather than give milk . that is not absolutely fresh to the calf that is to be raised on new milk. * i The second month I begin to use I milk substitutes. carefully at first, beginning with one-fourth teacup-3 ful of oil meal (old process), made ; into a porridge by pouring sufli-‘ cient boiling water over it to make quite thin. I let this stand from one feed to the next, and stir with the milk. This is increased as the. calf becomes accustomed to thelo 500111" as “'1th gfolmd f00(l- lbest results on the growing crop.l new feed until the calf at three‘ through fly time, etc., and as the; object should be to get the quick- est return for the expense and to, hasten maturity, spring calves» should be fed other feed besides cases, or until the young fruit has capons 1‘ Cents per pound‘ ‘grass, until they go to pasture; when yearlings. growing animals, and as they stim- l ulate the growth of bone and muscle instead of fat, are very sat- isfactory; theii, too, as the calf, does the grinding he will eat them I slower, and work more saliva intoj the stomach, and will not be as apt, Other feeds may be Sl1l)Sl3lt11t6(.l,l If new in the barn most of the sumineridiseases, which are liable to attack. both fruit and foliage. This spraying should be continued-‘ occasionally as long as there is any i danger of the attack of these dis-l attained considerable size. If these tended to, we are now ready for the work which should be done in July. Thorough surface cultivationl should be kept up during the l month so as to keep weeds and; grass in check. and to keep the soil in a fine condition to produce the‘ Spraying with the Bordeaux; months will eat and digest at least ‘ but Oats hmie the first place with l mixture Should be continued ‘meal me one pint at a feed. , As the oil meal is increased the milk is decreased and done away; with at three months. As the milk l and if in cool weather, or if the calf prefers it, warm water is used with skim milk. No new milk need 3 be used after four or five weeks.l The porridge should be used with l the skim milk the same as with new. 5 For calves up to six months thel milk should be warmed to the iiat- ural temperature and if plenty is given no other drink will be needed. I have given as high as eight gal- lons of skim milk daily to yearliiigs and found they thrived and grew very fast. The calf should be taught to eat hay as soon as possible, and a lit- tle clean fresh hay should be given every day. For grain feed I like whole oats for calves as well as anything I have ever used. Oat meal and bran is good, but corn meal I do not like for growingcalves. The grain should be given after the first months in as large quantities as will be eaten with a relish. At weaning time great care should be taken not to take the food to which the calf is accustomed away entirely until it has become accustomed to and able to digest the new feed upon which it is to be put. I have had the best success keep- ing calves in the barn in darkened stalls, excepting before the flies come in the early summer, when I think a run to grass very benefi- cial. Bay City. A. F. WOOD. I believe the object of raising calves should be two-fold, viz.: To keep up the herd, and to have a surplus to sell; and if one is a breeder of thoroughbred cattle, and wishes to sell for the improve- ment of stock, .particularly bulls for service, by all means raise the calf upon the cow. My method is to have a ‘good cow nurse two calves for the first six or eight weeks, then each calf have a cow. This gives the milk of one cow for other use, instead of partly milk- ing two, and is more satisfactory to me. The calves should be kept in pens or stalls in the barn, winter or summer, and when a few days old will commence picking a little hay. Clover is the best. When Zlfcoson. W. E. BOYDEN. This short article will refer to} care of calves of the beef breeds! for breeding purposes. First, we must have a strong vigorous sire and dam, properly fed and cared for, to produce a healthy, fully de- veloped calf. V\'ith this attained at first all we need is that perfect food, milk, drawn in nature’s simple way. If the cow is properly fed there should be no need of anything else until the calf is four to six weeks old except to see that the udder is properly drawn at least twice a day. Think it preferable to let the calf suckle three times a day for the first week or ten days, after which twice a day is sufficient usually. VVhen a calf gets to be four to six Weeks old he will want some solid food; very little at first but increase it as fast as he will eat more with relish. Always keep the appetite sharp. For winter feed for calves I prefer corn, oats and bran, whole or ground, with carrots cut fine, and bright clover hay in small feeds. Grain and roots should be fed together, hay fed whole. Prefer feeding three times a day with one to three hours in yard when weather is not too cold and stormy. Have found winter calves as a rule enjoy a box of good, clean, rich dirt to work at, many times eating it with apparent relish. Have never found anything better than a raw egg or two to check scours in calves, but this will be of rare occurrence when cow and calf are fed and looked after as they should be. In summer, unless you wish calves for fall shows, would advise letting them have the run of the pastures with the dam. They won’t look quite as nice as calves as though kept in the stable and fed grain and hay, but will, I think, do better as yearlings. For summer calves feed grain. I think whole oats and bran one of the very best. Two parts oats to one part bran. Watch your calves, study their wants and habits, humor them in all that is reason- able, treat them with kindness and my word for it, if properly bred, with this kind of treatment, they will be a source of profit as well as of pleasure. Delhi Jlfills. Harvest prospects _in ten Russian dis- a few weeks old, begin putting in tricts hopeless. in ten days or two weeks, especially i if there is any sigryof mildew 0'1- black rot. Great /damage is often done by the attapk hese diseases before their..p;--4,.“-La. .~ observed, ~ unless a constant watch is kept. , Bagg2'ng.—The best results can-‘ not be expected without bagging the fruit, which operation should be performed early in the month, if not already done. The sooner bagging is done after the setting of the fruit the better. The No. 2 grocery bags will be found right for all varieties having large bunches, while the No. 1 will be large enough for Delaware and other varieties having small bunches. If all weak and surplus shoots’ have been removed, as before in- timated, this operation can be per- formed quite rapidly by slipping the open bag up over the bunch, and then folding carefully around the stem and sticking a pin through the folded paper. In most cities and towns women and smart boys may be found who will do this work better and more expe- ditiously than men With their more clumsy fingers. Thinm'ng.—This should be done at the same time the bagging is done by clipping out all small and imperfect bunches, leaving only such as have a fair chance for development. Summer prum'ng.—I seem to hear someone say, is not this the time for summer pruning? I answer, yes, if you understand by that term the pinching of buds so as to control the growth for the best development of the vine. This is often very necessary, in order to prevent certain leading shoots from growing too strong at the expense of the Weaker ones. In other words, summer pruning should be used to secure a regular and uniform development of all parts of the vine and the fruit thereon. But if you understand summer pruning to mean the in- discriminate cutting of vines and foliage at this season of the year, simply to give a neat appearance to the vineyard, or to let in the sunshine and air, as it is often said, then I say, don’t do it. I maintain that no pruning should be done at this season of the year after the growth has become too hard to pinch off with the thumb nail. Every leaf developed on the vine has its mission, and cannot be re- moved before the fruit is matured, without damage to the growing l"'F .'d'h>thti - . . ‘E3; 1350 [lune S Il‘:3;1Ct:.‘1O$Iblt \:heLl1fB'u:"yEI W1lll18.A8.I‘(-l the 1€Sp0IlS1l’)ll1i3y of‘_ ,4 crop and the future usefulness of 5 the paper. but it is not. I there is no harm in looking this ;subject square in the face, and for lonce. at least. giving to each i1idus- the vine. gidrzmz. GEO. Q. Dow. All this talk that is sometimes} heard that caponizing does not pay E is rank nonsense, and when sifted down is found to come from those I who have no experience in raising capons or from those who never made a success at anything. but‘ ~who are always ready to offer ad- vice upon something they know I have frequently. asserted and now assert again that with the exception of selling eggs at two to five dollars a dozen or breeding stock at equally high prices there is no part of poultry raising that yields so big a profit as that of raising capons. I have had a practical experi- ence at it for many years: have a large correspondance with peo- ple who are engaged in caponizing. am familiar with all the prices in eastern markets. and know that the facts derived from such knowledge or information are conclusive. J \Vithout a ‘shadow of doubt * those who caponize tlieir (.'O(_'l{t‘I'9l.S receive a price more than fifty per cent greater than they would for birds not so treated. A leading Boston agricultural paper is before me now; it was published April 4, and its market reports are always reliable. Under Poultry I found the fol- Ilowing quotations: \Vestern chick- ens 12 cents per pound. western Not only does the man who with D18 Oats essential requisites for the eai'lylse1.1dS Capolts to market receive :seem to be the feed for all younglpart of the Season have been at_ll3l11S(1*Xt1‘3, price pei.pound but the same bird weighs two or three pounds more than if listed as a “ chicken.” A gain of 40 per cent in price andt still aiiiqther gain of 40 per‘ cen 1I1W€1g1«. ()h, no, capons don’t pay! If they were caponized an(l only sold as chickens, leaving off the capon ' part, the increase of weight alone. would of itself represent a goodi profit. ; I claim that the day is not very far off when the custom of capon- ,1 izing will become universal, as it value that is now to be obtained, for a capon will disappear. But‘ on the other hand, the advantage of caponizing will still exist from the simple fact that those who do not practice it will only have what will then be known as “ stags” and will find them birds as unsala- ble for eating purposes as bull beef or boar pork is now. The man who begins to caponize his birds now is going to get the benefit of the extra price they will bring as capons for the next few years and is going to be in a posi- tion and possess the knowledge to continue the work, when nothing but birds that have been castrated are wanted in our markets. This man is not going to get left but is going to be right on the spot with the goods wanted. These are my sentiments and what I be- lieve, and I leave it to time to show that what I predict is right. I will send a. lot of printed ques- tions and answers on this subject to all who wish them. North Epping, N. H. LAMEM'l‘ATI0l\'S OF THE \VO0L- GROWER. Those who for some weeks or even months past have read the lllichzgcm Farmer, have been forci- bly reminded of the “ Lamentations of Jeremiah” in the old family bible. It is well known that the editor of that able and indispensible journal has always been the cham- pion of the wool interests, and it is eminently proper that an indus- try of so much magnitude should have an “organ” to do battle for its peculiar interests. vTo this there can be no reasonable objec- tions, provided the advocating business is not overdone, or done in such a manner as not to belittle other interests of equal or greater importance. But in reading the articles that are everlastingly dinned in the ears of the public on the irrepressible wool question, I have sometimes been reminded of the old adage, that “ a man may like his house, and still not be obliged to ride upon the ridge of it.” If wool was the only thing that Michigan produced, it would no doubt be a sufficient excuse for gvcsted in sheep. 3will suppose, produce the space it has monopolized in Certainly try that importance to which it is justly entitled. I will say. then. dispensing with superfluous fractions. that Michi- gan lias two million sheep. worth ,-$2.25 per head, making a total val- ue of four and it half millions iii- -These sheep. we annually twelve million pounds of wool. One-third of this sold at 17 cts., unwashed. will bring Sli80.()l)0: two thirds being washed. at 2“ cts.. is $2.080,0U0; total for one years wool, $2,760.01 l(). Here in round numbers are two and tliree-foiirtli millions of dollars for the year’s wool clip. Let us hope that we may get as I1111('l1 this season, which. from the present out- look is extremely doubtful. \Vhat does all this amount to when weighed in the balance against over thirty million bushels of wheat, which at ‘JU cents a bushel foots up a round tweiity-seven millions. so that in round numbers we are prodiu-ing ten dollars’ worth of wheat for every dollars‘ worth of wool. And still is it not a fact that we may read some of our agi'i(-iilt1ii'al journals from July to January without once being told that Michigan is one of the fore- most wheat prodiu-ing status of the Union? lint it is slim-p first. sheep last, and sheep forcvi-r. Our four hundred thousand horses at eighty dollars a head amount to tliirty-two millions. a sum seven ‘times equal to all the sheep in the State. Over tliree-qiiartcrs of a million neat cattle, and half :1 mil- lion hogs are worth twenty mil- lions more; and yet of all these ;greatest of Michigan's industries ‘we never hear of their besieging ~ the halls of Congress. and clamor- ing for special legislation. Quietly and steadily and silently our wheat growers and our cattle .growers push on the column on =wl1ich rests the substantial pros- perity of our commonwealth; and they are so meek and uncoinplain- ing that the outside world hardly know they have an existence. Now, while I am “neither a prophet nor the son of a prophet,” this declaration. Our wool growr ers cannot expect to be singled out and treated as a privileged class much longer. \Vithin my memory, which extends back seventy years, they have been potted and pani- pered more than all other classes of our people put together. And when it is a fact that with all this pampering, during two or three average life times, they scarcely yet produce half the wool the country must consume, can they reasonably expect the country will do more for them than it has done.’ The foregoing reflections have been suggested by the doleful com- plaints of the Jllichigmz Farmer, and some of the leading wool growers of the State against what they consider the unreasonable practices of the wool buyers. There can be no doubt but some of the practices and exactions of these eastern wool buyers are un- reasonable, but it only verifies the old scriptural adage, “It is naught, it is naught, saith the buyer, and when he goeth away he boasteth." Of course he does; and after all his fault finding about heavy twine and greasy fleeces and tag locks, you will see that, when the wool season is over, and he goes back to his eastern home with a bountiful harvest of the choice wools of our State, he congratu- lates himself upon the skill with which he has worked his little game. Exos GOODRICH. Fostoria, June, 1892. NOW AND THEN. Mrs. Snooper James, what is a dark horse in politics? Snooper- One which cannot say “ N eigh ” when he receives a nomination to office.—Detr02't Free Press. Mrs. Smallot-—VVhy don’t you burn up that pile of trash in the yard? Mr. Smal1ot—Wind’s th’ wrong way. The smoke would all blow in our own windows—ZV. Y. Weekly. A New Species——Circus man (hunting for a stray elephant)- Have you seen a strange animal around here? Irishman—Oi have that; there was an injur-rubber bull around here pullin’ carrots wid his tail.——I-Iarvard Lampoon. o X ‘I A ‘T _.a.__.u.%.....r JULY 1, 1892 THE GRANGE V ISITOB. ATRONS’ AINT )IA.\‘['FACTCRER OF INGERSOLL’S LIQUID RUBBER PAINT. Ten Thousand P. of H. and Farmers testify they are Best and Cheapest. '\Vaira US AND SAVE MONEY. Cheap, Indestructible Paints for BARNS AND 0l'TB[’ILDISGS. — One of the active workers in \Vestei'n Pomona Grange, Sisteri P. D. McNaughton. has gone to= her long rest. The Grange extends ~ sympathy to her children thus left motherless. Flushing Grange mourns the loss . of Sister Liira A. Partridge, wife of Hon. A. S. Partridge. An error occurred in our last issue in the name of Hon. Norman A. Beecher, of Flushing Grange, who died May 23. The immediate cause of his death was heart fail- ure, which was superinduced by a severe attack of la grippe, from which he had suffered greatly for five weeks. a charter member of Flushing Grange. and the first to fill the master’s chair. In 1885 he was elected as representative from his district in the state legislature, and re-elected in 1887. — SKI'I'l‘CH OF THE HISTORY OF THE DI‘II’.-\R'l‘ME.\"l‘ 01-‘ .\GRl(‘l'L'l‘- l'l{E. HOWARD B. CANNON. [Second paper.] Agriculture needed a more efl”ic- ieiit governmental exponent than the small bureau in the Department of the Interior. Its friends urged the creation of the Department of Agriculture. Congress at last heard the appeal, and by act of law the new department went into be- ing July 1, 1862. Isaac New- ton was the first Commissioner of Agriculture. The efl"ect of the civil war upon agriculture is to be seen in the stimulus it gave to iiivestiga- tions of sugar and of fibre produc- ing plants and to agricultural inven- tions. The work of the depart- _ient conformed to the demands of the times. The period of recon- struction is marked as one in which the department was especi- ally helpful to the south. New seeds were sent there, and large numbers of agricultural documents distributed among those who turn- ed to the plow. The department urged the division of the great es- tates into small holdings, and that a greater diversification of crops should be raised. It gathered ma- terial and made an estimate of the damage the war had wrought so that an enlightened statesmanship could the sooner repair it. "Great oaks from little acorns grow.” The commissioner in 1865 recommended that the importation of farm stock from lands infected with rinderpest be prohibited. In 1866 he asked for power to repress the cattle plague which he feared would reach our shores. In 1867 Commissioner Capron called at- tention to the enormous losses due to the diseases of stock and urged the creation of a veterinary divis- ion in the department. The meat production of Europe and the shipping of fresh beef there take attention. By 1875 essays upon animal disease appear in the an- nual. By 1878 congress had so enlarged the powers of the com- missioner in this direction that he was able to publish in the annual several essays embodying the re- sults of investigations which had been conducted by the veterinari- ans of the department. The work grew rapidly in scope and import- ance, so much so that congress saw fit in 188-1 to create the bureau of animal industry. This bureau under the administration of its brilliant chief, Dr. D. E. Salmon, has made a fine record. Everybody knows how this bureau has battled with pleuro-pneumonia, Texas fever and hog cholera. The live stock interests of the United States were threatened by that insidious foe—pleuro-pneumonia. In 1888 legislation ‘gave the power to act and now the battle is won. The story of the meat inspection law forced upon our land by the neces- city we were under of obtaining access for our meat products to the closed markets of Europe reads like a romance and is common Brother Beecher was 2 ‘property. This law passed March administration. Now no one can! 3. 1891. even from the first. OFFICE: 243 Plymouth St., Brooklyn, N. Y. doubt the wisdom of the move. It is with pleasure that we note ilVith Secretary Rusk at its head the_loyalty of the department ofgthe department has made its ap- agriculture to the new education, i peals felt even at the barred portals The various ‘, of Germany and France. The sci- commissioners made frequent fav-Eentific Work under the immediate orable mention of the agricultural 1: charge of Assistant Secretary VVill- colleges, and indeed. published its, has increased in efficiency and cuts of the college buildings. They § extended its field of research. saw that the colleges would aid the .dcpartmentinits purpose to develop E expression of the government on In 1860 , the subject, has grown in value and progressive agriculture. l i The annual report. once the only »Commissioner Capron made a iiii size of edition till the present. prophecy, since fulfilled, that “when the generation developed? ,within the colleges take charge of the instruction within them their true utility and influence will ap- pear.” The department was often , a champion in the battle for recog- 1 nition which the new education had to wage. . The year 1840—the date of the publication of Liebig’s Chemistry- has been termed "the birth year of scientific agriculture.” In elev- Ien years the first agricultural ex- periment station was established. We have noticed the attention paid by the department to the German workers. \\'e recur to this when in 1874 the annual is work being done in European ex- periment stations. The move- ment had already spread to this land. By 1887 it had raised its banner in some sixteen states. The opportunity was ripe and the department urged the establish- ment of more stations under the fos- tering care of government. The now famous Hatch bill passed March 2, 1887. made it possible for the depart- ment of agriculture to extend its influence yet more widely. ing to meet the popular demand up- on it may perhaps best be seen by a for grasses which are adapted to the peculiar conditions found west of the 97th meridian. It also wish- es irrigation lI1(1l1l1‘y conducted. Congress furnished money to meet the demand, and the botanists have found the brome grass for the ari(l planes, and the engineers have mapped artesian basins. and plan- ned attacks upon the great “under- flow.” The reports upon the grasses of the United States, are recognized by botanists everywhere as of the highest scientific value, and the forthcoming report of ir- rigation inquiry will be a pleas- ure to all interested in the subject. In 1876 the Rocky Mountain 10- cust ravaged a large part of the west. The department studied it aii(l described and illustrated it. The means they devised were found to work well when put to the practical test last summer by Prof. \Valdron in North Dakota. In 1874 the department was call- upon to investigate pear blight, etc. This work grew in importance as science advanced into the new field; the plans of the department kept pace. In 1886 a section of mycol- ogy was formed in the division of botany. This became a full-fledg- ed division of vegetable pathology in 1889. The work of this division is yet in its infancy, but it has saved the country many times its cost. If it could perfectly control the ravages of fungi it would save the nation over $200,000,000 a year. The economic relations of birds began to be studied in 1885. And under the able leadership of Dr. C. Hart Merriam it has become of very great importance. Since 1876 the department has been engaged studying the forestry needs of the nation. Prof. Fernow has been like a voice crying in the wilder- ness. As yet the nation has not adopted scientific treatment of the forests on the national domain; but it is hoped that ere long the pres- ent wasteful policy will be relega- ted to the limbo it deserves. In its forestry division the Depart- ment has a missionary enterprise. For many years the Grange urged that the head of the Depart- ment of Agriculture be made a member of the cabinet. To this demand congress acceded during the closing days of the Cleveland seen to contain an essay upon the‘ few examples. The great west asks . I The reports of a few years past have been publislied in editions of 400,000. This the lai'gest single edition of any book in the world. The other publications of the de- partment have also grown, till last year the number of all—monthlies, bulletins, reports and circulars, covered 124 bibliographic titles. Congress, recognizing the good to agriculture which would come from such a move, July 1, 1891. transferred the \Veather Bureau to the Department of Agriculture. Prof. Mark IV. Harrington was made chief and under his adminis- tration the people liave been saved many times the cost of the Bureau. The frost warnings alone have been worth all the bureau costs. Yet its work has but begun. Congress contemplates making a transfer of the Fish Commission and of the Geological Survey to the Department of Argricultiire. Should this be done the last exe- cutive department to be created may prove to be the first in the , point of usefulness, as Julian Haw- ‘gthorne put it, "Here is a case This measure f where you may put a nickle in the f slot and pull out a five dollar bill.” \Vhen the visitor at the Chicago fExposition in 1893 looks over the That the department is attempt- E display made by the Department of Agriculture is is to be hoped that he will le ve‘it thankful for the wonderful_ a thought in 1837 has expanded into the great “department of utility” in 1893. It is a symbol of the progress made by our nation. First, the idea; then, the entity. READ THIS! HESPERIA, Mich. During the last year we have had what we call a Grange revival a.nd if your space will permit I should like briefly to report results. One year ago Newaygo County Pomona Grange purchased a flag to be competed for by the subordi- nate Granges of the county. The contest lasted through the entire year and included a meeting with each subordinate Grange. At the time the contest com- menced the Grange membership of the county was about 200 and had stood nearly stationary for several years. Now it is nearly 600. One year ago Hesperia Grange reported 54 members and our next report will show about 250. The last meeting of the contest has just be held with Hesperia Grange an there were 397 Patrons report- ed present and a two days session was too short to exhaust the pro grain. The evening meeting was devoted to a jubilee entertainment in the rink. The building is esti- mated to hold 800 people and was crowded to its utmost capacity. Now the point that I wish to impress is this, what has been done in Newaygo county can be done in every other county'in the state. Why not organize a revival all along the line? Let every county adopt this or some similar plan and the membership for the state could be doubled within the next year. It can be done. All that is required is a little judicious work. Hundreds all over the country are ready to join the Grange. All that is necessary is to let them know that the Grange is doing something and that we need their help. I hope this ques- tion will be taken up and discussed in every Grange and also through the columns of the VISITOR. A. L. Scorr. A certain little city maid told her mother that she had to have no more examinations, and that she would soon get her “ restificut.” ,. ;;;;. .......~ ’ -~ V 3 ORKS Beautiful Sample Color Cards and Book of Insti'iictioii~Fl{EE. “'0 (Irina raiitce Szitisfzictioii. WW ML including one Ytlill"SiSl1l)Scl‘i[itl0ll to this Paper We have made such nrrangnriii-nts as enable us to offer the( hicago SlNGlil< Sli\\'l.\'G MACHINES at the above low I‘l\N*.*-‘. This nmclilnc is made *" - lifter the latest l1l(i(l1*l:4Uf the Singer lll1)(‘iIln98, and is perfect fiic 3-'lll1llf* in shape, oriiaiiienmtion and appearance. _\ll the parts are made to gauge exactly the sziiiie as the singer. and are constructed of precisely the sanie lllZlU‘|"lZllh‘. The Iitiiio:-t care is t‘X\‘l'(‘lSHl in the selection of the ll1(‘tZllH um-«I. and onlv tlmvcry best unlity is purcliused. Each mach i» is thoroug(l1ly well inuile and is fitted with the IITYHO2-‘t nicety and exactness. and no nmchiiie is pi-rmitte-d by the ins ir,-cior to go out of the shop.-a until it has been ful y tesiml and proved to do perfect work, and to ruin lightly and without noise. The ('liicngoHiiigvr lllzichine has n ve import- ant improvement in ii Loose lialanco V'liee1.so (‘0Ili<'i[‘l1(‘tNl{\H to permit winding lN>l)l’)lDS with- out reinoving the work from the inzichine. EACH ).1.\(‘.lII.Vl? IS FUR.VlS}lF.D WITH THE l~‘()LLO\\'l.V(i A'I"l'.v\(‘}i&ll‘INTS: HEMMERS. RUFFLER. room-:n. P.\(‘K.-\r‘l-1 or xaanmis, (‘Hi-](‘I' .'Pm. ' PLATE. \vRE.\'cH. THIKEAD trurraa. lll\'Dl~‘.R. B0lilil.\'S. srm-1w‘iHii\'riiii'(;lifiii(riAT (Linea SCREW. OIL-(‘.\N. filled with Oil, A.\'l) I.\‘STRU('Ti0N nook. ' _The driving wheel on this nizichine is admitted to be the .~impl+-st. easiest running and most con- venient of a.ny._ The machine is sel_f-tlireading. made of the best lIl§li(“('lZ\l. with the wearing parts 113"-lelled. and is finished in ii superior style. It has veneered cover, drop-leaf table, 1. end dru.wers, and center swing drawer._ The nianufactiirers warrant every niachine for z’: yuiirs. hey say: “Any machine not satisfactory to a subscriber, we will allow returned and will refund the money." Price includin 0 ' l. 't' ,$l.’. So ti f "vi . r . — ‘ name of freight stagioiilief ilifflefiefiidffidffirbiizllmtfibo fl(llrl]rt?S.:‘d: “Hut Wcmur top” charLe§.‘Gwe Tliis Macliiiie will be sent for $10.00 (‘ash and I0 New Sub- scriptioiis to the VISITOR at 50 cents caicli. Address, with the money, GRANGE VISITOR, LANSING, MICH. MIIBEA The Best all around Rotary Ilnrrow nml Pulvq-rizer. , g for Full plowed hind. Ntlllvlrlv. Vine- for ('£|.l:llH‘.!Il4'. smug“ Harrow viirds mid l’vucli Ur:-li:irds. 1.1-uvcs no Mclilimi [Ill-I I'ii|N-r. .\d«lri-ss ‘xv furrow or ridge. Angle of teeth Iuljllfllillllf‘. N-ml + TO ALL l’.\'l‘RONS. Michigan State Grange, Masters Office, ; BERRIEN (.i:Nri~:i:. .\[icli., June 2:, 9.’. BROTHERS AND SISTERS: The State Grange having accept- ed an invitation to participate in 8. Farmers’ Day at the Bay View Assembly, on August 9th, I desire to enlist your personal cooperatioii in making the day one of great. suc- cess and benefit. The program, in the hands of Bro. J. G. Ptamsdell, promises to be worthy the occasion. Hon. C. G. Luce will be heard on “The True Relation of the Farmer to Society.” Col. J. H. Brigham will speak on “ The \Vork and Aims of ' the Grange in Elevating the Far- mer to his True Position in So- ciety,” Hon. J. J. 'Woodman on " “The Moral and Intellectual Iii- tlueiice of the Farmer upon the Town and City,” and the Hon. Sec’y of Agriculture is invited to address the audience upon “The Fai'mer and the Government.” Other prominent people connected with farm interests may be ex- pected. The Order in Michigan has much to gain in the success of this move- ment. I sincerely hope you may plan to attend and use your iii- fiuence with your friends to visit this famous resort under these most favorable circumstances. F raternally, THOS. ;\1.\.Rs. Cll.\["l‘Al'Q['.\. If Chautauqua means any one thing in one word that word is education; and if the Grange over our great country means one thing in one word that word is education. Side by side then let these two great organizations go forward in their grand mission of developing a better and higher manhood and womanhood among ourselves and all the people of the earth.—M'or- timer lVhz'fchcarl. Bay View is Michigan’s Chau- tauqua, on the shore of Little Traverse Bay, a mile from Petos- key; it is easily reached by water or rail. It is here, at the most delight- ful of northern summer resorts and under the auspices of one of the best equipped and cultured assem- bly managements, that Farmers’ Day is to be kept, August 9, for the first time. Let us make it a day that shall mark progress in agri- cultural circles, and the beginning of a. series of annual Farmers’ Days. i— i z-;\ ' x._ I]. 3.MORliAN & CU. Bf06l([l0l'(,N.l. ‘ IDDRESS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE To introduce a series of valuable odm-ntionnl works the above will be sent to all applicants Rs“ JAMES P. Dowus.PUBl.IeHER. ' 243 Bnoanwav. New YORK- J ii You THINK.-.0F-., some ANYMFES EATRTH " PUT YOUR’ INQOIfilE§ IN . wnmne AND.7$:E_l‘l'D TO GEO-De HAVE .:.:::—.:r:.:.¢;r:.:. ii-FULL |NFORMATlON PROMPTLY GWEN. OF THE WORLD FRANK ' 3. 1" / _ ' POR HOME AND STABLE USE THE STANDARD .: For Harriess, Buggy_ flops, Saddles, Fly Nets Traveling Bags, Military Equipments, Etc. Gives a beautiful finish which will not peel,ot crack off, smut or crock by bundling. Not D. varnish Used by the U. S. Army and is the gitandard among manufacturers and owners of fine harnesi in every quarter of the globe. SOLD BY ALL HARNESS MAKERS. ea proportionately law OH TRIADFREIGHT PAID-WARRANTED 086000 & THOMPSDM Binghamton, N. I Address J. (3. GOULD. Ag‘t. Paw Paw, Mich. " ” 1'": L I :1: FEEDEIL ' D s .l(. I 9‘, C9. 2()ADDE lT3 YoNaY. “ So you enjoyed your visit to the Zoological Gardens, did you?” inquired a young man of his adored one’s little sister. “ Oh, yes! And do you know, we saw a camel there that screwed its mouth and eyes around awfully; and sister said it looked exactly like you when you are reciting poetry at evening par- ties.”—-Tid Bits. ; :2 Li . :3 2 ;» 5. 12-.. ._ THE REPUBI:j,‘fil? PLATFORM. P hushed th is d 15 h f H] I The representatives of the re- [1 _ ‘ . . _ °" ' t ‘"1 ° ° em’ "’°” ,publicans of the United States as- Kenyon L. Butterfleld. Editor and Manager, i Sembled 1n geI19I‘81_ 0(_)11V_'enl_310¥1 on LANSING‘ moan , the shores of the Mississippi river, To_w_hom all_excha.nges. communications, advei--jthe eYer19'3t1ng of an 1nde' g‘;‘f3 “"91"?” 3”‘ 3“b“°"P“°“5 9'10"“ be I structible republic, whose most TERMS 50 Cents a Year, 25 Cents for Six glorious chapter of h1S.tOry 15 the [ Months. Subscriptions payable in advance. . record of the republican party.,« and discontinued at expiration, unless renewed. - ' 3‘BeInittances should be by Registered Letter, i congratulate thelr countrymen on Money Oi-deror Draft. ;the majestic march of the nation ‘rm-'-'-T-‘—*"’—-'—Eunder the banners inscribed Witllis Entered at the Postofliceat Lansing, Mich.,as the principles of our platform 0 second Class Matter‘ jl888, vindicated by victory at the. . f ll (1 't ' ' fields,; Are you getting ready *0 so mrtirisiipfriilierhinéf, ‘$51 make} Farmers D3)’ at Bay "19“'? Why the following declaration of prin-i 4 . THE GRANGE VISITOR. J FLY 1, 1892. beghehrepifiblican party has always:tration_ of President Hari-ison.iwe demand that the collection of n t e c ampion of the oppress- Under it the country has enjoyedgsuch taxes shall be limited to the led, and recognizes the dignity of remarkable manhood, irrespective of faith, color or nationality. It sympa_ thizes With the cause of home rule in Ireland and protests against the persecution of the Jews in Russia. FOREIGN RELATIONS. We favor the extension of our foreign commerce: the restoration of our mercantile marine by home-made ships; and the cons struction of a navy for the protec- tion of our national interests and the honor of our flag; the main- tenance of the most friendly rela- not? It will be an opportunity for education that you cannot afford to miss. If you know of a Patron who does not take the VISITOR will you not get him to subscribe at once? We want every Patron family to ficiples: THE TARIFF. , We reafiirm the American doc- ftrine of protection. VVe call atten- Etion to its growth abroad. We maintain that the prosperous con- 3 dition of our country is largely due to the wise revenue legislation of jthe republican congress. lVe believe that all articles which have the VISITOR before September l _ _ , let I cannot be produced in the United T-— fStates except luxuries, should be‘ VVe have short reports from aiailllfllttedtfree 0fdu_t3;ca3.I1d lh:l_tt_0H; number of Granges this issue. ‘V §:_itfinIt)fi: SgfoggzggllgjcofiglzfiiégfiQ are glad to gm them‘ Send in ,= labor, there should be duties made: 110t9S, if 01113‘ 8 few lines. 011 SOIDB equal to the difference between} special feature or features of yoiirwages abroad %lI'1.. ‘a .~.'::«...:.uIx- s ..-..».n;.~..-;z.'- -1.. w. . 1..-. ... .. ._......r\... _ L _ linked with our own. JULY 1, 1892. THE GRANGE VISITOR. 5 repeal. We hold to the use of both gold and silver as the standard money of the country, and the coinage of both gold and silver without discriminating against either metal but charge for coinage. But the policy of a united coinage of both metals must be of equal intrinsic and ostensible value and be adjusted through international agreement with such safeguards of legislation as shall insure the maintenance of the parity of the two metals and the equal power of every dollar at all times. We demand that all paper cur- rency shall be kept On par with and redeemable in such coin. VVe insist upon this policy as especially necessary for the pro- tection of the farmer and laboring classes as the most defenseless vic- tims of unstable money and fluctn- ating currency. ‘Vs recommend that the prohib- itory ten per cent tax on state bank issues be repealed. Public office is a public trust. FOR CIVIL SERVICE REFORM. We reaffirm the declaration of the democratic national convention of 1876 for the reform of tlie civil service, and we call for the honest enforcement of all laws regulating the same. The nomination of a president, as in the recent republican conven- tion, by delegations composed largely of his employes, his bene- ficiaries, holding oflice at his pleas- ure, is a scandalous satire upon free popular institutions. and a startling illustration of the meth- ods by which a president may gratify his ambition. We denounce the policy 11nder which federal office holders usurp control of pub- lic conventions in the states, and we pledge the democratic party to a reform of these and all other abuses which threaten individual liberty and local self-government. AS TO FOREIGN AFFAIRS. The democratic party is the only party that has ever given the coun- try a foreign policy consistent and vigorOus,compelling respect abroad and inspiring confidence at home. While avoiding entangling allian- ces, it has aimed to cultivate friend- ly relations with other nations, with our neighbors of foreign con- tinents, whose destinies are closely And we view with alarm the tendency of a policy of irritation and bluster, which is liable at any time to con- front us with the alternative of humiliation or war. We favor the maintenance of a navy strong enough for all purposes of national defense and to properly maintain the honor and dignity of the country abroad. SYMPATHY FOR RUSSIAN EXILES. This country has always been the refuge of the oppressed from every land—exiles for conscience sake——and in the spirit of the founders of our government we condemn the oppression practiced by the Russian government upon its Lutheran and Jewish subjects, and we call upon our national gov- ernment, in the interests of justice and humanity, by all just and proper means to use its prompt and best efforts to bring about a cessation of those cruel persecu- tions in the dominion of the czar and to secure to the oppressed equal rights. IN FAVOR OF HOME RULE. We tender our profound and earnest sympathy to those lovers of freedon who are struggling for home rule and the great cause of local self-government in Ireland. IMMIGRATION. We heartily approve all legiti- mate elforts to prevent the‘ United States from being used as the dumping ground for the known criminals and professional paupers of Europe. And we demand the rigid enforcement of the laws against Chinese immigration and of the importation of foreign work- men under contract to degrade American labor and lessen its wages. But we condemn and de- nounce any and all attempts to restrict the immigration of the in- dustrious and worthy of foreign lands. PENSION LEGISLATION. The convention hereby renews the expression of appreciation of the patriotism of the soldiers and sailors of the union in the war for its preservation, and we favor just and liberal pensions for all disabled union soldiers, their wid- ows and dependents. But we de- mand that the work of the pension oflice shall be done industriOusly,l impartially and honestly. We de-E nounce the present administration ' Of that Oflice as incompetent, cor- rupt, disgraceful and dishonest. RIVER AND HARBOR BILL. The federal government should care for and improve the Missis- sippi river and other great water- ways of the republic, so as to se- cure for the interior states easy and cheap transportation to the tidewater. VVh_en any waterway of the republic is of sufficient im- portance to demand the aid of the government such aid should be ex- tended on a definite plan of con- tinuous work until permanent im- provement is secured. For purposes of national defense and the promotion of commerce between the states we recognize the early construction of the Nic- aragua canal and its protection against foreign control as of great importance to the United States. THE woaLD’s FAIR. Recognizing the \VOrld’s Colum- bian Exposition as a national un- dertaking of vast importance in which the general government has invited the co-Operation of all the powers of the world, and apprecia- ting the acceptance by many of such powers of the invitation so extended, and the broad and liberal efl'Orts being made by them to con- tribute to the grandeur of the un- dertaking, we are Of opinion that congress should make such neces- sary financial provision as shall be requisite to the maintenance of the national honor and public faith. PUBLIC sCHooLs. Popular education being the only safe basis of popular suf- frage, We recommend to the sev- eral States most liberal appropria- tions for the public schools. Free common schools are the nursery of good government, and they have always received the fostering care of the democratic party, which favors every means of increasing intelligence. Freedom of educa- tion being an essential of civil and religious liberty, as well as a neces- sity for the development of intelli- gence, must not be interfered with under any pretext whatever. We are opposed to State inter- ference with parental rights and rights of conscience in the educa- tion of children as an infringe- ment Of the fundamental demo- cratic doctrine that the largest in- dividual liberty consistent with the rights of others insures the highest type of American citizen- ship and the best government. NEW MEXICO AND ARIZONA. VVe approve the action Of the present house of representatives in passing bills for the admission into the union as states of the territories of New Mexico and Arizona. And we favor the early admission of all the territories having the necessary population and resources entitling them to statehood, and while they remain territories we hold that the oflicials appointed to administer the gov- ernment Of any territory together with the districts of Columbia and Alaska should be bona fide resi- dents of the territory or district in which their duties are to be performed. The democratic party believes in home rule a11d the con- trol of their own affairs by the people of the vicinage. RAILWAY LEGISLATION. \Ve favor legislation by congress and state legislatures to protect the rights and limbs of railway employes and those of other haz- ardous transportation companies; and denounce the inactivity of the republican party, and particularly the republican senate for causing the defeat of measures beneficial and protective to this class of wageworkers. We are in favor of the enact- ment by the states of laws for abolishing the notorious sweating system, for abolishing contract convict labor, and for prohibiting the employment in factories of children under 15 years of age. We are opposed to all sumptu- ary laws as an interference with the individual rights of citizens. Upon this statement of princi- ples and policies the democratic party asks the intelligent judg- ment of the American people. It asks a change of administration and a change of party in order that there may be a change of sys- tem and a change of methods, thus assuring the maintenance unim- paired of institutions under which the republic has grown great and powerful. WOOL. [Continued from fage 1.] certain range of prices, in order to handle enough to make it of inter- est to him, will pay more than some clips are worth to obtain them, and for other wool much better he will not pay much more, and the loss on one clip must be made good on some other man’s better wool. Hence a distrust. The buyer look- ing out for himself at the expense of good wool, and the grower feel- ing that his efforts for putting his wool in the best of order are not recognized, a mutual distrust arises, generally to the disadvant- age Of the grower. 7. The remedy was suggested in answer to question two, namely: Consign the wool to some respon- sible commission house and let those running it sell the wool on its merits, as suggested in the quo- tation from Fenno Bro’s. & Childs. Shear the sheep without washing. Put nothing in the fleece but what grew upon the sheep free from impurities, tied up with a proper amount of good suitable twine (if you know what it is). and save the profits made by the practices Of many who buy wool. Every farm- er can afford to do this. He will get what his wool is worth for manufacturing purposes, and he will be satisfied. Its value must finally be established in the way pointed out and it may just as well be done from the farmer’s fleece as when it has passed through the wool buyer’s hands. Hamburg. THOS. WYCKOI-‘F. l. I put up my wool in a 16 in. cube box, with very small linen twine. two strings each way around. No tags are put in the fleeces. I do not skirt my fleeces. do not wash my sheep, do not grade, as my wool is all fine comb- ing. 2. I ship to Boston. I get 26.‘, cents, ll’Il?L‘(lSll€(l, this year. I pre- fer this method because local buy- ers are not often competent judges of unwashed wool. 3. Farmers as a rule do not put up their wool properly. They put in each fleece usually heavy tags that injure the sale of the entire fleece. Five cent¢:,,__vvOrth of such stuffing reduces the sale of a fleece 25 cents on the whole fleece. 4. NO, it is better to put up wool without tags always. Better throw tags away or wash them clean and put them up separately. In flocks by the thousand it will pay to skirt the fleeces. Farmers are not as competent to grade wool as the heavy eastern experts and should not attempt it. 5. No. 6. The cause of antagonism is two-fold. Some farmers put in so much dirt that they ought to be heavily fined for their dishonesty. Some farmers sell unwashed wool (worth say 27 cents in Boston or Philadelphia straight), and the local buyers will discount it one- third, giving 18 cents here. A great quantity of Michigan wool is so heavy with dirt and grease it ought to be discounted 50 per cent and men who raise such wool want just as much as men who raise wool that is worth twice as much per pound. Our Rambouillet wool scours 50 per cent to 50 per cent. American merino wool scours from 124} to 22 per cent. One is fine combing, the other fine or medium delaine. It re- quires an expert to sort and grade such wools. The local buyers rarely are experts. 7. Let farmers put up their wool with tags in separate package, and sell it at home. Never take it to market till sold; or else ship direct to Boston or Philadelphia, where it will meet its proper grading and full returns on its merits. Davisburgh. JOHN T. RICH. 1. In the ordinary manner with box, three strings one way and four the other. 2. No. 3. There has not been in the past any inducement Offered for farmers to put up their wool in better shape. 4. That is yet to be determined. Quite a number of Michigan farm- ers have tried skirting this year, myself among the number, but have not received any returns yet. 5. NO, they buy on a general avera e and deduct for uncondi- tione wool, but very rarely pay above the ordinary market price for wool put up in extra condition. 6. The antagonisms, if any ex- ist, are due to the reasons, given to question five, deductions for ram’s fleeces and other heavy or uncon- ditional fleeces and no increase where the wool merits it. 7. The wool must be bought on its merits. E lbu. R. 3. CARL'ss. 1. I tag and skirt my wool and sort. 2. I ship it because it makes a difference of four or five cents per pound to my cash. 3. Many farmers put up too much foreign stuff in the fleece. I think it would pay them better to do their work better. It certainly pays me better. and why not Others? 4. I think it would, because all wool when reaching eastern mar- ket has to l)e sold on a scoured basis. I never yet heard of any machinery or process by which the manufacturer can make goods from dung balls and sweat locks. 5. They do not. They generally try to make a certain per cent, paying about as much for poorly handled wool as they do for that nicely handled; thereby paying a premium on dirt. 6. It is because the buyer don’t pay the difference that they should as to grades. and I don’t know as they are to blame, for not one in ten can tell the ditference in the grade of wool grown on a sheep. a goat, or that of a dog. 7. I would say to the farmers. do your own business, put your wool up in the best manner with as little fine linen twine as possible. DOn’t stuff the fleeces. If they are skirt- ed put the skirts by themselves, all tags by themselves, all sweat balls and (lung balls throw away; then ship directly to some respon- sible wool house. At least that is my method and I make some money by it. Have shipped my wool for a number of years a11d have done well. There is being a large amount of wool shipped out in first hands. more than ever before. from this part of the country. 87‘ Johns. w. E. ROYOEN. N O. 1. Wliole fleece in one bun- dle? NO. , NO. 2. Ship east? N O. 3. No. It would pay if buy- ers would buy it on its merits. NO. 4. I think it would with the better class Of wool growers. No. Emphatically no. No. 6. This I consider all talk to depress the price of wool in grow- ers’ hands. NO. 7. Put up honest wool in prime condition. Ship direct to consumer. Delhi .7|[2'll.s'. JAMES M. TURNER. 1. We usually shear o11r sheep the first week in April, the wool being unwashed and tied, each fleece by itself, with as little twine as will properly secure it. The wool is then sacked without grad- ing in any sense of the word, ex- cept that tags are all carefully re- moved. 2. We have generally been un- able to sell unwashed wool here to local buyers for the reason that they insist On discounting it 33,‘, per cent. For this reason we have generally shipped it to Hallowell & Donald, Boston, and had it sold on its merits. This year, 1892, it net- ted me 24% cents here, after freight, commissions, storage, insurance and all charges. Our flock, as you understand, is composed entirely of shropshires. 3. My impressions are that the farmers have, as a rule, put up their wool in Michigan in fully as good shape as the price offered would warrant. My observation has been that those who exercise the greatest care fare no better in the hands of the buyers than those whose clip is in poor condition. 4. If the growers were to skirt their wool and sell it in two or three grades, the Michigan buyers would need to entirely rearrange their methods of buying. 5. I could not say that local buy- ers, within my observation, have been in the habit of buying wool on its merits. Wool carefully Washed and neatly tied up sells for about the same price as that which has been earelessly handled. 6. I have been unableto discover the real cause of the antagonism between wool growers and buyers and conclude that there is no more between producers and buyers of wool than between pro- ducers and buyers of other com- modities, the rule being that all buyers of farm products hammer the price in every possible way, the scheme of the world apparently being to get dollars for cents where- ever it is possible. 7. IVhat remedy would I suggest for the difliculty? Ah. there's the rub! For when it comes to reme- dies you know doctors always disa- gree. In my own case, as above indicated, I have resorted to the method of shipping my wool direct to Boston and the results have generally been quite satisfactory. Perhaps if all the wool growers i11 Michigan would act in concert, and exercise the greatest care in hand- ling their flocks throughout the year, and then equal care in putting up the wool. having it always i11 prime condition, the improvement would be recognized by the buyers generally and we should have less cause for complaint. Lm1sz'n_r/. Few of the Local Bug/c2's have as yet responded. a thing we regret. No doubt they are ex- ceedingly busy and can illy spare the time. \Vc hopc we may hear from them and we will publish their replies as they are sent in. These are the questions: I. Have you found any consid- erable percentage of improper material in the wool offered you for sale‘? If so. of what nature was it 2? 2. Do you think wool growers as a rule put up wool as carefully as they might? 3. \Vould it pay in dollars and cents, the way wool is bought to- day, for the wool grower to skirt his wool and to present his clip for sale in lots of two or three grades? 4. lVhat is the cause of the pres- ent apparent antagonism between grower and buyers? V\'hat plan would you sug- gest as a remedy. .1. G. MILES. 1. Yes. Tags and too much twine Ill flceccs. 2. No 3. Tl1i11k not. 4. The persistent habit of put- ting on heavy twine and too much of it and tags. Too few care for the reputation of their crop. but try to get all the money possible, no matter how the buyer comes out. 6. That the grower have his wool clean, no tags in fleeces. less twine, and of much lighter weight; in short, do as he would be done by. Coldwuter. A. O. HYDE. 1. To first question I reply that it cannot be answered correctly with- out explanation. My answer will not apply to all the wool brought to market. Some is i11 good order; some has «lead or pulled wool nicely wadded up inside fleeces; some has dirty tags and floor sweep- ings inside the fleeces. Some is called washed, when the buyer would not suspect that any such thing had happened if the farmer did not swear to it. 2. As a rule they do not. 3. Have had no experience in handling skirted wool. 4. I cannot see~any reason for any antagonism between buyer and seller, except in cases where the seller over-estimates the quality and value of his wool. Buyers very rarely discount wool as closely as is done in eastern markets. Marshall. For lack of space a few replies already received were omitted. They will appear in next issue. EXCURSION RATES. For the following conventions, the Chicago and “last Michigan Ry, and Detroit, Lansing & Nor- thern Ry, will sell excursion tickets at one fare for the round triw: REPUBLICAN NATIONAL at Min- neapolis, Minn. Sell June 2d to 6th. Return limit, June 25th. AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION at Detroit, Mich. Sell June 6th and 7th. Return limit, June 13th. DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL at Chi- cago, Ill. Sell June 16th to 20th. Return limit, July 8th. PROHIBITION NATIONAL at Cin- cinnati, O. Sell June 28th and 29th. Return limit, July 6th. GEO. DEHAVEN, General Passenger Agt. Arguments were heard before the Sn- preme Court relative to the state sena- torial redistricting ot the last legislature. 1], 6 THE GRANGE VISITOR. ..- ..-..».-..—....«m.p-.--.-..u...-.~,-.-...-, .. ......c............-..............,_......-.........- JULY 1, 1892. Ladies’ Deparfmeni. KATHLEEN’ )I.U'()['RNEE.\'. Kathleen Mavourneen I——The song is still ringing As fresh and as clear as the thrill of the birds: In world-weary hearts it is sobbing and singing In pathos too sweet for the tenderest words. 0, hav;:_we forgotten the one who first breathed i 0, have we forgotten his rapturous art‘ Our niegd to the master whose genius bequeathed 1!. 0, why art thou silent, thou voice of the heartf Kathleen Mavouri_ieen,thy lover still lingers; Thefloni; night is waning—the stars pale and ew~ Thy sad serenader, with treinulous fingers, Is bowed with his tears, as the lily with (Jew: The old harpstrings quavcr—the old voice is she ng~ In sighs and in sobs moans the yearning re-‘ frain—- The o_l(l vision (lims, and the old heart is break- ing~— . Kathleen Mavourneen. inspire us again! —Junies ll’/zitcoml; Riley. AN 0l'TI.\'G .\'l‘ BAY VIEW. “Beautiful Bay View! An(l to- I try to‘ think we were ‘in it!’ let its memories help me over the hard places, and there are so many A hard places.” So writes a sliarer in my last? The lines of the letter‘ run together, as the words send vacation. my thoughts scurrying back over those mid-summer days, so full of, delightful comradeship aii(l choice privileges, all in a land of historic: romance and rare prospects. Fancy ? even feels that ozone tingle at my finger tips again, now, as then. And Why not tell others of nature’s “beauty spot,” we thus discovered? So shall it be. There were six of us. We are self-supporting girls, that is,uiiinar- i'ie(l. Part of us were scliool- ma’ams, one a housekeeper in a State institution and one an office clerk. The regular summer vaca- tions. long or limited, are lungs for the rest of our year. the weeks we are off duty, we try to catch suflicient whiffs of vigor and inspiration to carry us over another season of close application to duty. In deciding upon the place and, method of spending our vacation. two main features came into ini- portance, namely, the character and the cost. The climate and scenic surroundings were barely secondary considerations. All of us had ha(l a taste of the now pop- ular assembly life, a style of out- ing which manifestly meets the needs of self-making people, such Through sity with departments covering; nearly every branch of study and A boon to study. experiment; lovers too old or too busy for school or college. At Bay View people of all ages and ranks were in the art school, the elocution and music classes. Literature and the sciences were well patronized, while the IV. C. T. l'.scliool of methods and the Bible‘ classes were crowded. An attract- ive feature at Bay View is the \Voman’s Council. bright women gather at this hour to discuss subjects covering the whole range of woman’s broaden- ing life. VVit, genial repartee an(l experienced sense abound. .From Marian Harland’s house- ‘wifery_topics to Margaret Sangs- ter's talks on books and authors, jtlie response was quick and ani- mated. The popularity of the Delsarte class drills in gymnastics proved how keenly alive we women ! are coming to be in matters of pliy- ~ sical culture. people asking,knocking. receiving, of their own record. It was quite like appetites of a lower orderj when, at table, you are really liiin- ‘ gry enough to ask for what you relish. This latter kind of hunger is also peculiar to the place. raven- ously so often. The bay breezes, the outdoor life, the rambles, the boating, the study and the joyous ‘social atmosphere are conducive to I wonderfully practical results in the jway of eating. Presumably no one ‘goes to Bay View expressly to eat; ,' but that trout! that white fish! that lfruit! could you resist them with ?the breath of that clamorous cli-E lmatc in your veins‘? A region of legei1(ls and romance! ‘Treading the old Marquette trial, soft with pine needles aii(l thick layers of decayed leaves, one’s step grows strangely stealthy and vis- lions of dark faces, straiglit black? hair aii(l fantastic dresses brush 1 past the fern plumes and set off the ! lock in contrast. It is not uncanny. ; The ripe, soft sunshine is too lbright, high in the green canopy, éthe water from the spring, the her- jries on the bushes, all too (lelici— [ously real now, for that. ! Bay View itself, the cottage city w'of hundreds of beautiful summer Huiidrcds of ‘ It was quite refreshing to see‘ dark green of the cedar aii(l hem-9 not intended for our cars. A lady ‘ exclaimed, a trifle too loud for only , .1181‘ group of listeners, “ People ; ought to expect to pay well for‘ privileges here; no body comes upf here who liasii’t plenty of means.” Even then, we, who had not much ;Of What the World calls "means,” ‘stood worshiping in a sort of exalt- ed awe at the gateway of the Great Spirit, the “staircase of Gitche Manitou,” or arch rock of modern name. IVh0 shall say but that the . eyes that had longed most and waited longest found most of graii(leur, most of heart language in that stony arch against the glit- tering, shimmering, rainbow tints of the lake below? To whom do Sugar loaf rock,Lover’s leap. aii(l the spread of scenery Standing in the pure presence of such nature. one deploi'es his men- tal and spiritual incapacity rather that the condition of his purse. The fort on Mackinac Island,.; with its speii(lid commaii(l of water‘ ,‘ways, its garrison and quaint old. 'old block houses, was of great! interest to us. The island slips? down from the fort’s battlenientsj and 013:‘ into the water at the south where, on the edge, sits the little! village whose one conspicious build- ; iingis Grand Hotel. Ourlittle com-' pany walke(l about the island until ,1 we grew tired and so came intoj very touch with it at the first and lentirely prepared ourselves to en- joy ri(ling later. It was eleven at}! night. by the round, full moonE when we returned to Bay View,,‘ having left at eight o’clock in the} morning. , \Vhat did our vacation cost us‘.’; 3VVould you know»busy body, or! iself-supporting girl or woman?j \Vould you seriously consider giv- ‘ 5 ing yourself such an outing in pre- jference to visiting a relative or‘ !friend, simply for the sake of‘ spending your vacation somewhere. I though not always profitably, you confess? VVoul(l you go, if you. knew you could go two hundred! .and sixty miles from home and ‘spend six weeks as I have tried to, :(les(-ribc, for less than thirty dol-'3 lars? “Here’s a hand 0’ mine,” if," ?you would! I hope you may. ! Two of our pe:1;s—spcnt six weeks ! ,:at Bay View at an expense each of: twenty-nine dollars and sixty-fiver as we are striving to be. How-gresidences and elegant assemblylcents for necessary expenses. This} ever, with a half dozen of these unique resorts about equally acces- sible to us, we were called upon to select one. Every body has heard of the scenery and splendid natural vaca- tion facilities of northern Michi- gan. so, with its tortuous rivers and inland lakes. besides the legion bays and arms of the great lakes meeting there. that July where we were. The railroad rates were advertised mag- nanimously low and we conceived plans for reducing living expenses to their necessary minimum. All things, talked pro and con, we chose the Bay View assembly, way up in the pinnacle of Michigan’s lower peninsula, at the head of Little Traverse Bay and with the water line of Lake Michigan blending into the western horizon. There we planned to rendezvous. There we all found our independ- ent ways, not all going at once, but as we could get away, and all maii- aging to be together during the best of the season. The assembly at Bay View is a northern Chautauqua in spirit, aim and scope. Mr. John M. Hall, an alert. energetic lawyer of Flint, Michigan, is the superintendent, and publisher of an interesting lit- tle paper full of Bay View spirit and information. For three weeks in the last of July and first half of August rich programs are pre- sented, with at least three enter- tainments daily, such as one pays thirty-five cents to a dollar each to attend elsewhere, besides others of a less popular nature almost hourly through the day. All this through three weeks, at an expense of two and a half dollars, the tickets be- ing transferrable, at that. Such persons as Mrs. Mary A. Liver- more, Bisgiop Vincent, Mrs. Mar- garet E. angster, Miss Frances E. Willard, Russell H. Conwell, Mar- ion Harland, Wallace Bruce, H. H. Ragan, Chaplain McCabe, Drs. Gunsaulus and O. H. Tiffany are familiar with that platform. There is, also, a summer univer- One has but to consult his? geograp y to see that this must be.‘ Moreover, it was: north, synonymous with coolnessg; and it was growing hot, hotter, in 1 land university buildings, is on a E terraced bank, rising from the bay lone hundred feet, a veritable am- lphitheatre. From its piazzas may jbe seen Harbor Point, Harbor ;! Springs. IVequetonsing and Petos- , key, in whose streets one meets the the Franciscan convent and school, dating back beyond 1650. five cent ride takes you to all these places with much more of interest in them than I can name here. Oden. the scene of fishing, is easily reached from our point of settlement, so also, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, East Jordan an(l many another summer resort and attrac- tion. But the dream of our sum- visit to Mackinac Island. To be sure, other persons have been at Mackinac besides “ our six,” nearly a thousand visiting it the (lay we did, but for the time being it was o11rs; we reveled in its past, walked and drove its paths and drank in its views as the very elixir of beauty. There was a charm, whether of myth or of atmosphere, all its own for us. Perhaps it was the slight expense we were at for its privileges! though Mr. Lowell says, "VVe think lightly of nat- ure’s penny shows and estimate what we see by the cost of the ticket.” At any rate, Mackinac stands a shrine to delightful memories in our vacation annals. Truly I do believe the cost may have affected our enjoyment, for we have had wild flights of longing to see that picturesque and historic dot of an island and that, too, with no hope of realization. The imagined “cost of the ticket” had hitherto cut us off; but there we were, spending a day on the spot, at an extra expense each of one dollar and seventy-five cents! This was rail- road and boat fare, round trip, one dollar, and carriage fee, seventy-five cents. We carried our lunch with us and ate it in the cool shadow of the old fort wall. You understand now you are “inside” our finances, how we had a complacent little patting of one the descendents of the Ottawa tribe » of Indians and across the bay is1 where they worship. A twenty-3 mer’s trip reached its climax in a, iincluded one-half rate railroadj gticket, trips to Mackinac and‘ jaround the bay, cartage, postofficefl , box,use of library an(l an assembly .~ ’ ticket, besides room rent an(l boar(l. The room was ample for three with an upper veranda afi'or(liiig views! magnificent and gratis. A tiny? oil stove did efficient duty for the, simple but hearty meals. Not’ many varieties. plenty in quantity aii(l none to waste. were the table rules. Every thing desirable we. found in the markets on the ,grounds. By systematizing, the “ liousework” never interfered with studies or lectures and while hotel boarders waited for meals we (lined ; on time. Two of us who stayed three weeks spent twenty dollars each and the other two, who were there but ten days, fifteen dollars each. All of us Went as far north as‘ -IENNIE BUELL. The Grange as a Factor in the Life of the Farmer’s Wife. \Voman’s work consists of many phases an(l forms. She enters our colleges, both as scholar and teach- er. She finds her way into the doctor’s office as chief-of—stafl" in that most important calling in life, and methinks no one can be so well fitted to minister to the sick body, or diseased spirit, as woman’s deft fingers and sympathetic ways. Then again she mounts to the pul- pit, and enters the lecture room. The depth of her intellectual force and the spell of her eloquence hold her audience in wrapt silence. Are there any who can exceed in diction, delivery, sentiment, or ex- pression, one of our best and most finished speakers, a woman on the rostrum? And how short is the time which has been given her for this preparation to so equal or outshine her brother man! How long ago was it that the hiss was given a woman who took her stand on the rostrum? I remember of listening, nearly fifty years ago, to one of the first of these, Abbie Kelley Foster, who spoke for the freedom of the black man. A treat another’s shoulders over a remark! jslave and his master. ;Lucy Stone Blackwell and Siisaii .B. Anthony, followed by Antoin- murmuring » . does she stand ‘P ‘ the other. Mackinac Island. 3, it was to take in her thrilling words. Everyone who listened to her knew her whole soul was in her work, an(l that success was sure to attend her and her fellow- laborers, for all were true seekers after the best good of both the Then came ette. Brown. Elizabeth Cady Stan- ton. aiid a host of others. woman. who has passed to her re- ;ward, where Abbie Kelley Foster‘ has also joined her. Both were among the first to awaken public -‘sentiment to the thought of wom-» an’s wrongs, a1i(l publicly to avow‘ ,their right to be heard. fshort space of time sincc then iii- terest has been awakened to wom- from Point Lookout speak the niost? ! In the unis right of equality with man. What a change has come over thc spirit of our dream! Now. where “hat a proinisc for the future is in perspective! .every year will see new achieve- ments gained and a rise of woman nearer to the level pathway of true , ,frecdom. and she will finally comc ‘ to own herself, and can bring forth her own powers in accordance with her own perceptions of truth and right. bound by no prison bai's or, God speed the‘ anyone’s dictum. day, and woman give all hail! And now to the point of what the Grange may have to do in this uprising, and its effect on the far- : nier’s wife, or his mother. or his‘ daughter. for what affects one does. lVoman enters the; Grange as an equal with all others. No law or by-law restricts her in any manner. That she improves these opportunities as she should I do not believe, for we notice that as a general thing our brothers are heard from twice or three times as often as we hear the voice of a sister. IVc know that the farmer moves in the outside world far more than his wife; that he comes in Contact with men and has a bet- ter chance to have activity of thought moving through his brain; aii(l this is just what wewant the iGrange to do for his wife,——to awaken thought. Andwhen the far- mer and his wife are on the way to the Grange let him talk up what he has seen and heard during the week, which she has had no chance to learn, and then say to her,".\'ow, wife. you do the talking today an(l I will keep still.” No matter if she don’t do it well at first, en- courage her to keep on. aii(l many who seem somewhat (lull at first, will soon become rapid and inter- esting speakcrs, and this will open the way for other interests and diversions. She will become iiiter- ested in reading, so that she may gain new thoughts, and will awak- en the minds of her children. She will interest them in the home life, draw their minds to her reading, an(l also to an interest in the Grange, where she will soon have ‘them declaiming, writing essays, and cultivating their minds gener- ally. I believe it just as needful that a farmers wife learn to be- come a good presiding ofiicer in the Grange as for the farmer him- self. Indeed, I think the Grange is just as nnich for Mrs. C. or A. as for Mr. C. or A., an(l that she is no more an attachment of his than he is of her, and that she should fill the place of head officer of the Grange as well as he. Our Granges are in a sense schools, and let them be used as the best of educators, an(l let everyone who is not deaf or blind, fill, one after the other, the important offices, until all are efficient in their formulas. Do you know how this woul(l help to give poise and strength to woman, as well as man, to know they could preside with efficiency at any pub- lic gathering? We know it will require patience, forbearance and all kindliness of feeling, to give all a chance to learn all this. But this is what We are in the Grange for, to help each other; not for any self good or self glory, but to help each other, and if one has more knowledge than another, or can fill an office better than another, let him help to impart this knowledge and power to another; and often we will find this pupil perhaps reaching far ahead of his teacher. And how many of our farmers’ wives would find life taking a new phase! From being tired, dull, apathetic and listless, ideas would be awakened; they would desire to fill their oflices in a way to awaken , Among‘ ;them let us not forget Lucretia‘ Mott. the stanch Quaker and true‘ \Vhat a rapid iii- ‘ crease of power for so short. a time! ‘ With the brains iand force now turning the mill pride in their children and to hear a word of praise from their hus- bands. Thoughts would spring into being in their minds which never before found place there. And in a few years. from being a stupid, ill-informed and ungainly farmer’s wife. you might find many of them bright. intelligent and cul- tivated, fitted to be the wife of an intelligent farmer an(l the mother of his children. “ So mote it be.” Let us all as Grangers pull to- gether in the right dircctioii, and untold are the benefits which will arise from our ( )r;ler. A. X. K. I-.’cnfon Harbor. )[0lll-lR.\' AMI-Il{lt‘.\.\' Sl..\N(u'. \Vhile traveling west my atten- tion was drawn to this subject by ‘a tiny child asking her inamma the question, “ \Vhat inakcs folks talk so when they try to say anything? You and papa don‘t." After hear- ing a short convcrsation between two educated people. and during ‘my stay in ('l1i(,'ago, and the rest of ‘my journey I paid particular at- :tention to it. It is positively sad to think to .what an extent slang enters into ;our modern American life. Al- most everybody uses slang. You may hear it on the street. in the store, in the cars, in the home, on the platforin, and cvcii in the pul- pit! i It is no longer the privilcgc of :.the young fop to use slang: ol(l men use it, lawycrs use it in court, politicians usc it in congi'ess. and our newspapers are full of it. \Vhy, the fact is that most of our so- i called humorous newspapers \V()1ll(l !not live a month if they utterly ‘discarded the use of slang. But the saddest of all things is that young ladies. moving in good soci- ety. who make pro-tensions to con- siderable culture, scem to think it. clever and witty to use slang phra- gseology. This is greatly to be : deplored. VVhen the women of our fland become vulgar and iiitcrlard ;their speech with slang. then fare- fiwell to the graces of refined aii(l elevating speech! ,1 Let our reader think for one mo- { ment how many slang phrases enter "into the ordinary conversation of !life, even among fairly educated. 1 people, and he will be amazed that ‘So many counterfeits mix and pass i almost unobserved among the cur- , rent coins of speech. \Ve have now no doubtful state- !ments, they are "too thin ;” no one now un(lerstands what you say, ‘he “tumbles” to it; the superlative ,of anything is the “ boss;” thus, we 3 have a boss book, or a boss dinner, !or a boss ridc; we may even hear a l)oss sermon, or see a boss play. If ihowever, we want to a(l(l strongly to the superlative, we have only to say of a preacher, or a player or a , singer, “ he takes the cake”~ —— loftier { praise we cannot bestow. No man now conducts a business, or man- ages a theater« he “ runs” it. Everything in America is “ run,” from a peanut stand to a church. A man never gets into difficulties now, he gets “ left.” Business affairs do not develop, they “ pan out;” they do not decline, “they take a tumble;’’ they are never lively or active, they are “ boom- ing.” The common forms of affirma- tioii are peculiar and amusing. You ask your friend a question as, for example, " Is Charles ‘Val- ington a thoroughly reliable fel- glow?” Your friend is prepared to vouch for Charles’ trustworthiness, and in reply to your question he is very likely to answer, “ VVell, I should remark.” or, “ I should smile,” or, “ you bet;” if very much disposed to indorse the subject of inquiry, he will urge you to “bet your life,” or he will assure you “ you can bet on Charles every time!” But it woul(l require a large vol- ume to catalogue all the slang phraseology that is in common use. It is sa(l, however, to hear our young ladies indulging in this vul- gar habit. It is painful to hear a really refined girl call some gentle- man of her acquaintance “ a dandy” or “ a daisy,” or using such phrases as “I should smile,” or “ you bet.” This habit of using slang is tyran- nical, and the sooner it is swept away the better. EDITH SMITH. Mrs. Martha White of the State of Washington has been presented with a gold medal by Congress, for rescuing three sailors from drowning. JULY 1, 1892. . .,., _..... ......_-. _. . .,...... ..-,.~...-.-... .. . THE GRANGE VISITOR. 7 “ THE Buviiizs’ Gums. ” Nearly a million as a reference book. households use it A million purchasers learning how to make four dolla fiVe.o rs do the work of Sent only upon receipt of 15 cents in stamps to pay the postage. (550 pages, 3o,ooo quotations, weight two pounds.) in ;Z\’T(;U.\I1;‘RY \\'A RD & 0).. In to no Micliigan Avenue, Cmcaoo. ..,».. ~v"'>*’._"“‘:"-"“"L'>&‘&3‘-9l’.l2Hi' oFFIcIAL,,rqL%cToav. Oificers National Grange. I DIASTERA-l. }[. |ll{l(:'llAM _ , , . . _ _ _ __l)«-lta. Ohio OV’1is‘R~li[l{.v\‘.\l HA\VKlN.\'_l[:iwkinsville,.»llzi. ‘ LECTL'Ri~:it~l\l1)l{TlMER \\'}ilTl£}lli.-U), ltilo ( . St.. N. “X. Washington, I). t‘. ’ STI-:wAl'i1)~E. \ '. DAVIS _____ __Hant.a Rosa, ('al. 1 Ass"r S'rr.\vAim—O. E. ll.\LL,,...l’.-iwn:-e, Nob. (‘,I.iA1’I..-\I.\'-—A. J. ROSE.-.“ .._,.l-lalado. TOXHB TREAsi.‘m::it~}<‘. M. MC l)()\\'IZL.l’enn Yan, N. Y. SECILI-:'rAIn'——JOHN TRIMBLl'£,\V:ishirigton.l).(‘. GATE KF.i«‘.i>i~:a—A. E. PAGE Appleton (‘it_v. Mo. CEIlES-l\lRS. J. H. BIKIGHAM ,___D4-lta. Ohio P011103‘.-i——Ml{S. J. M. TH()Ml’S()N._.loliet. Ill. »STEKETEE’$ ;(-loflggg and S-fa-|-ion. this is especially the case with protein. The needed increase of -Z = people who do but little muscular protein may be obtained by breed- ‘ FOOD I.\'VESTIGA'l‘I0.\'S. Work. ing and importing varieties of ‘ Allowing that the food coiisuiiip- gi'ains and grasses richer in nitro- (Fwm B11ll9tiD5t°“‘5' Experiment Station) tion of which statistics have been gen than these we now cultivate, The value of food for nourisl1-“collated is approximately repre- and by growing more legumes, I ment depends upon the actually ‘nutritive ingredieiits or nutrients which it contains. Of these the most important is protein, which occurs in the lean of meat. white of egg. casein of milk. gluten of wheat. and corresponding compounds of other materials used as the food of domestic animals. Protein con- tains tlie element nitrogen. It forms blood. iiiiiscle, bone. tendon, and other tissues of the body. The other chief classes of nut-, rieiits are carbohydrates and fats. Sugar and starch are carbohy- drates. The fat of meat. butter, and the oils of corn, wheat and other graiiis. are familiar examples of fats. Grains and grasses have . large proportions of carbohydrates, and but little fats. The fats and carbohydrates of the food form the fat of the body, and are con- sumed in it to yield heat to keep it warm and muscular strciigtli for ‘work. They are thus the fuel- materials of the food. Food con- stitutes the chief item of the living expenses of the people and of our agriciiltural production, and one of the most important of our exports to iiurope. \Y}l,t_{t‘—\\'Ol'l{t‘1'S and people of niodcrate incomes j_;'eiier- ally in New England spend and must spend nearly half their earn-‘ .ly due to our abundant food pro- ings for food. The health and streiigtli of all are intimately con- seiitative of that of people in the United States generally, we areled to the conclusion that our national dietary has become one-sided: so that. although we live upon a high iiutritive plane. our food might be better titted to our needs. The chief error seeiiis to be in the use of needless quantities of the t’attei=”’ kinds of meats and sweetmeats. The subject is an iinportaiit one for wage-workers. Statistics. as well as common observation. bear temphatic testimony t.o the better condition of the American as com- ‘pared with the European working- man, in respect to his supply of the iiecessai‘i<-s and comforts of life. Nowliere is this superiority more striking than in the quality aiul quantity of the food. The American xvorkiiigmaii is better paid. better housed. better clothed, and better fed than the liuropeaii. He has better oppor- tunities for Self-tle\'t*lO})lI1i‘ill. more to stimulate his ambition. and more hope of rexvard if his work is eflicient. He accoiiiplislics a _L:i-eat deal more. That this supe- riority is due to more nutritious food. as well as to greater intelli- gence, is hardly to be questioned. But the better nourisliinent of the American \\‘flj_{G-W()1'l(1‘1'lS large- ductioii. \\'ith the growth of pop- such as clovers, alfalfa, vetch.sera- della. cowpeas. peas. and beans. The value of nitrogenous feed- ing stutfs is not sufliciently appre- ciated, but the progress of exact experiment in this country and in Europe is liriiigiiig it out more and more clearly. l"R0)[ )ll(‘llll-',\.V (‘HOP RI-IPORT FOR .ll'.\'E. 159:’. The condition of vvlieat in the southern counties is reported at 91. in the central t~‘\ and in the nortli- ern 100, the average for the State being 913 per cent. (‘oniparisoii is with vitality and growth of average years. These show a better condition in the southern counties on June 1. of this year. than in any previous year since 18‘-'1. with the e.\'<-eption of last year. The total nuiiiber of busliels of wheat reported iiiarl<<-ted by far- mers in May is l.4'121i,tltl5. (lf this amount 2‘.1‘.I.t'>l7 bushels were mar- keted in the tirst or southern tier of counties; .'i;.\,7>7)7 biishels in the second tier: Zitl\‘.l7l bushels in the thirdtier: »lTtl.2.‘1H lnislu-ls in the fourth tier. 1tlb',l‘.ltl bushels in the tifth and sixth tiers. and 7,112 bushels in the nortln-rii counties. At 22 elevators and mills froni which reports have been received there was no wheat inarketed dur- F. . —iiiRs. J. B. iiAiLEY__(t -1: ti, .\i'.~.~. . __ _ ,- ' . ' .' . .. LhglfAASSl'[ SrEw‘i>~i\1iiS. N. }3,‘(I)li)((€l)l.iJttlli_-3i’s‘i\i"_h_ IMPRoYE'D" ll(C_t“l _“ lhh ‘llhl ‘lepelhlellh hlloh ‘ uhm”?'1‘rmd th(1.1IE“‘a“’l.1h‘i 1d°Se' , 1115.: the month. bltjl‘ om, .1...-. their diet. Y9lJt‘\ en the most llltel-1119550 101111 3111 111 Hllfttlollfi £O111—‘ T1“, mm] ,,,“n],,.,. of },,L.,1,(.1_,. of Executive Committee. J. J. \VO0Dhl.v\N_,________,P£1W Paw. Micliigan LEONARD Rl{()NE..(‘.r-nter Hall. Peniisylvania X. X. CIIARTIERS .__Fredericskburg, Virginia H00 GIl0l6l°d (3lll’6. Greatest Discovery Known for the ligent people know less of the actual uses and values of their food for ful- filling its purposes than they do of ; petition, his own diet cannot be ~ ,kept up to its present standard.iior } can that of his poorer neighbor and wheat reported marketed in the ten imoiiths, Aiigiist —.\Iay, is l-l,H‘.l:').~l37, which is‘.lt)1i,»187 bushels more than Committee on \GX:'¢;1:l1ig1;1.'sIWork in the cure of those glmogt any Qther of the his f()1'(*lf_:11 brother be l)1‘0‘ilglll‘. up . 1.ep01.t(.,1 1n(.u.k,.u,d in the 5,1111‘. figs, 1\1‘,:1(§yv)1I,')11‘}§I;f___P11a,,i1f1.mfl1a} _.a_1.._ HOG CHOLERA, and necessities of life. In consequence £0 tlllfltl Sl?€111El‘r11'(Il without fbqtteii 1 months last y,_m._ MRii'.ELizIin'rii iivssE'LL‘fiianéli3v«3riC\irIf§iii PIN WVORMS IN HORSES. l:dS1l::tf‘tf8:)SOt:]‘ llélsstlge u[1)1l1‘-i1e£1()C)I:\Olt;,*JL);L_L't% o l1(. :1\\&« o oot : The ,lu,mmy of ,,.h,,,,t ,.,.p0,.t(,,1 ———_ '1 a 1 0 o on-1‘ - 3 ' ..'.1~<'.-» . Oflicers Michigan State Grange. nuxpngps OF -_[~}1EM, e I d in.ur vt0heait1 , To the fqnnpr thig sulfect is Of1111fl1l\( tul 111 )L1} 1.5 l-).i,«3ti.\ bush. MAS'ri«:R—-THOS. M.-ins, Berrien (‘enter B,,S,,,.m,,1,,d,,0c,_ ,3, ,g.,,,_ Y: El J 3 * l- _ _ 1 , , ‘ ' , ‘ -l .’ 1 * els more than reported niarketed 0vEaSEI-:a—M- T. (‘OLE . .. myra Mr G. G. Steketee:-—Yout Hog Cholera Cure. oi \\ e make 3, tl11-ee-fo1dm1stake 111 , vital interest. The agricultiiral - A .-1 T1 . t t. 1 , u. “it , . Lr:o'rUar.a—A. J. CROSBY _Novi whicfiiged moboxgnoa yearling Colt, broughtlium f F. _ V _ 1 _ 1 _t. f H X U .t 1 qt tv . .111 pil . it _0 «L 1 .11 3 re- §TEWA§D‘A- P- “*Vh=‘§,Y-S.I—.h-,——K- 1}"flll<‘ dreds of pin worms and smaller red one: gram 0111‘ 00.ni.‘_ .1 . - -7 ‘ ~ -’ H , J.fi. iii. Fisk... -(‘-oldwater. Branch County Fort \Vaync.Ar 215 $3.3. ____ _, hhhhhehhs are 1ehhy= though hot p ame ‘ n 18 1" p ace.’ Ollrl C01110 40 ____ ,_ whose means are limited err se- meats, upon which we depend tolfi ,u,.e9 for the State beinm For 2 I And sent out post.-paid on receipt of Cash Order Gmhd R"‘pid5- LV ~~~~ -- 6 O0 in 05 2 90 ' 1 . ' th ' h ' f f d 1 the I-Qtein which our \'e(r_ 5 h’ i ' hi 3 over the Sealofa Subordinate Grange. and the E; ------- -- Q32 13 30 nous 3 In em 0 010.9 0 0° 1 50 Shpli yf dpl k . V japples, 102 per cent, and peaches ' 1 signature of Its Masteror Secretary. Fm_t“.amé Ar- ------- -- . " 13 5,, -55- 1715 that they are often inadequately etab e oo s ac ., 8-T9 €XC9§Sl‘9 .Y;9;1 per C6111; of 1111 ave1‘9,ge crop, '~ Porcelainl>8ll0tmaPble5vDeFhm1dW;omi;§.v ggggjpfgtgggf proportions of the different kinds starch which constitutes the larger fgledgggngfiolggetgg l‘Sl}l1°Ol;;€S‘13% lllglllgalsngag o oos _________________________________ __ 15 ;r.-‘ .'~, -- - - ". ‘ _ _ Sample package cwopemtive memtu,e_____ 18 i.cia\]hi]s:_,t:e‘giE.:‘i_«.izl.x §’g;;,;1l;dlT'1nL,g,§ of nutritive ingredients. We con- part of the I111l31‘1l31Ve material of rivers for more than forty mfles’ passmg Write for prices on gold pins, badges, working tools, staff mountings, seals, ballot boxes andany other grange supplies. ddress MISS J ENNIE BUELL, Secly Mich. State Grange, MARCELLUS, Mica. PACKAGIT FREE to any address. Send Smlllll '0 C0"8l‘ postage and address Tm-1 PYRAMID nave 00., Box 22, ALBION, iiiicu. AGENTS ' sume fats and carbohydrates in relative excess. People in this country eat what is set before them, asking no questions for economy’s sake, provided it- suits wheat and other grains and nearly the whole of that of potatoes, all do the same work in nutrition—tliey are the fuel of the body. The cattle grower, the pork producer, through the towns of Barker Creek, Spencer Creek, Bellaire, Central Lake. Ellsworth, and last, but by no means least, beautiful Charlevoix, than which there is no more delightful summer re- sort and to which it will be the only all ‘ GE-RMAN——-4 their taste. We are a generation the dairyman, the sugar maker, the gail ling). tE11)k RE;.1pifdS is ‘$1? reziphed . ' 1 1211115 ur . HORSE mo ($1; ef:/6, stagch, meld fsllfipl‘ BS5913 zfilesigaaigvgleaalftgndalgozifigzgegrifi Fhrasgvgial ihfillfs i'«l1r((5)nl'08.d skirts thge he so ecahs 0 e a hh ' ‘ 7 "’ shore almost at the water’s edge, of COW ance and toothsoineness of foods an unwitting, but none the less Little; Traverse Bay nearly the entire 1; ' ' 11 ' ' _ t't' itheacli other d‘ t t T ’ C't be" a POWDER T° °"““’aSS f°’ ?.‘:V.‘?f.§*..‘i‘,?’.’.’.";.i.;°r‘2..fZ. .....1.... With .;i:::::..;;’i3...:ar::...s 055%.. In of the highest value to horses, cattle, hogs, and poultry. It assists digestion and assimilation and thus converts food into muscle, milk and fat which otherwise would be wasted. MORTIMER VVHITEI-IEAD Says; " Ger- man Horse and Cow Powder pays many t1_YI1€5 Its cost in keeping all kinds of farm stock in good health. I have used it for years on my farm, buy- ing a barrel at a time." It is manufactured by Dr. L. Oberholtzerls Sons & Co., Phcenixville, Pa., and sold at Wholesale P1-ices——viz: Barrels—20lbs in bulk, 7%c per pound Boxes —60lbs in bulk. 8c per pound Boxes —-30lb—5lbs pack. 10c per pound By ALBERT STEGEMAN. Allegan. Mich. THORNTON BARNES. No.2.41 North Water St., Philadelphia, Pa. THE GRANGE VISITOR Terms Liberal Send For Terms at Once \~eral impression that we consume Third, in this country many peo- ple~not only the well-to-do, but those in moderate circumstances also—use a needless quantity of food; part of this excess, however, is simply thrown away, so that the injury to health, great as it may be, is doubtless much less than if all were eaten. The investigations here referred to confirm the gen- much more food than is required for our best nourishment, and that fuel-materials, with which it is relatively overstocked, and are all competing with petroleum. The one-sidedness of our dietary is the result of this one-sidedness of our agricultural production. As the farmer is primarily respon- sible for the state of affairs, and the first loser by it, so he must be the one to take the first steps to amend it. The remedy for the Summer Book, now ready, will be sent to any address on application, and much information may be obtained from it re- garding the Northern Resorts, and the advantages in reaching them possessed by the C. & W. M. and D., L. & N. lines. Through sleeping and parlor cars will be run during the summer between Chicago, Detroit, Grand Rapids and Petoskey, via Traverse City and Charlevoix. GEO. DEHAVEN, Gen’l Pass’r Agent. was erlin A hurricane in northern German quite destructive of property. evil is to grow crops with more suffered to some extent. .. .. 1... .- .- ..-,.,- <<.-: 20- W.-»,.-s-1-\u~>~—v-=u - THE GRANGE VISITOR. JULY 1, 1892 FROM POMONA. INGHAM COUNTY. At Felts Grange Hall. June 10 and 11, 1892, occurred an interest- ing meeting of the Ingliam County Pomona Grange. Unusually pleas- ant weather prevailed and a goodly number of Patrons from all parts of the county were in attendance. The meeting opened Friday‘ The question of reviving dorm- then go at it, put in the tedder and ant Granges and increasing the interest in Grange work through- out the district was discussed at some length and resulted in the appointment of a committee of one from each subordinate Grange tordemands assist the special deputy in this? work. ' After a short recess the Grange E listened to the reading of several! keep the grass moving and you?‘ would have your hay half made in apoor cloudy day while you were waiting for the dew to dry otf before mowing. close and lively work if you expect to make good hay. Some thought tedders paying machines. A very instructive and interest- evening in Secret Session for the very fine papers which were greatly i ing paper on " Botany ” was given conferring of the fifth degree and’ the transaction of business. Both sessions the following day were open to the public. The morning session, June 11, opened with a song by the choir and prayer by the chaplain of Pomona Grange. A recitation was given by Jessie Clark, of Felts, after which the subject of “The Farmer vs. the Mechanic,” was introduced in a paper read by Z. Dewey, of Fitchburg. The relation of these industries to each other, the educational advantages presented to each and the neces- sity of co-operation among all classes of laborers, received the attention of the writer. After a lengthy discussion of this paper the audience was treated to a poem composed and read by Mrs. A. C._ Lawrence, of 'Bunker Hill Grange. entitled. "The Old Year and the New, or 1891 and 1892.” Next in order came an essay by Jas. VVebb. of Willianistoii, "The Farmer and his Home.” The farmers first and highest ambition is to possess a lion1e_: second, to make and keep it pleasant and at- tractive. Many goo(l points were brought out, of which space will not permit the repetition. This paper was followed by a recitation by Miss Laura Call, of Fitchburg, which closed the mom- I ing session. All now being pre- pared each repaired to his or her. allotted station at the dinner table which had been profusely spread by the kind sisters of Felts Grange. The afternoon session opened with a song by the choir followed by a fifteen minutes talk by R. L. Hewitt. of Lansing. “Inventive Genius and its Effects on the La- boring Classes,” was the principal theme. A paper on the subject of “The Grange,” was then presented by J. H. Forster, of \Villiamston, mentioning the principal virtues of the Grange and giving a history of its origin, growth and development. G. C. Davis, from the Agricult- ural College. was next on the pro- gram and interested the audience on the subject of “Hot Water as an Insecticide.” This paper con- tained valuable information and led to the relating of various ex- periences by the members in attend- ance. The editor of the Grange Visitor was present and spoke in praise of the Grange, also in favor of the paper he represents. The pro- gram having been completed the meeting was then declared closed. and with the feelings of satisfaction which attend those who have profit- ably improved their time the mem- bers wended their way to their respective homes with kind thoughts of Pomona Grange and the subordinate Grange with which they had met. CARRIE M. Havnxs, Secretary. TRAVERSE DISTRICT. Traverse Dist. Pomona Grange No. 17, met with Summit Grange on lVednesday, June 8th, 1892. Most of the visiting members ar- rived on the noon train. After a bountiful dinner and a short time spent in social greeting the Grange was opened in the fourth degree, Worthy Master L. M. Tompkins. in the chair. The address of wel- come from Sister \Viley expressed in well chosen words the hearty Welcome which every Patron of Summit City showed toward the visitors. Bro. Tompkins in his response said that the large num- ber in attendance showed plainly that they knew they would be welcome. The reports from subordinate Granges showed that they were in a prosperous condition and increas- ing in membership and interest. Bro. J. G. Ramsdell, chairman of the executive committee of the State Grange, spoke in behalf of the GRANGE VISITOR and the plans which the committee have in view for increasing its circulation and placing it on a sound financial basis. He also spoke of “Farmers‘ Day” at Bay View and urged Patrons to attend. enjoyed and freely discussed. The open meeting in the evening l was attended by a large number of people. The excellent music ren- dered by the choir, and the pres-i ence of the Kingsley cornet band added much to the interest of the! occasion. “Does it pay,” was the: subject of a very interesting paper ‘ by Bro. E. H. Allyn. in which he argued that it does pay to employ improved methods of conducting farm operations. It pays to take proper care of tools and to employ help enough to do the work in proper time and in a proper man- ner. Bro. S. Kingsley’s paper. “\Vhat to teach the Boys on the’ Farm,” was highly enjoyed by the boys and appreciated by their parents. Several recitations, a poem by Bro. Phillip Rose and an exhibition by Mr. Manigold of his, wonderful skill in the use of num- bers closed the exercises. ‘ On Thursday morning, June 9th. the Grange was called to order at 9 o’clock and a class of seven were instructed in the mysteries of the fifth degree. Sister Isabel Kingsley then read a paper entitled “Good cooking essential to Happiness.” She thought that all girls should be, taught to be good housekeepers, ' and that no accomplishment could make up for a lack of knowledge in this direction. Bro. Rose read an interesting paper on “Political Parties,” but for want of time no opportunity was given for discus- sion. A resolution was passed recom- mending that the Patrons of every township in the district make an effort to have the schools in their re- spective townships unite in a grand celebration on the 12th of October in honor of the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America. A vote of thanks was tendered the Patrons of Summit Grange for; their generous hospitality, and the Grange closed, all feeling that they had enjoyed a pleasant and profitable time and one that would long be remembered as a "bright spot in the web of life.” E. O. LADD, Lecturer. t i i 4 KENT COUNTY. Kent County Pomona convened June 8 and 9 with Cannon Grange and had a very interesting and instructive session. The first order of exercises was dinner. which was finished by all present. These were from Harmony, Grat- tan, Whitneyville, Cascade and Rockford Granges. First subject for discussion was “Care of Orch- ards," an(l more particularly prun- ing. Any time in the year was claimed as a good time by some, others that February or March when not too cold, as bending the branches at that time was injur- ious. It was claimed that the timber became seasoned and firm and not liable to rot as when the tree was full of sap and bled badly, as would be the case later in the season. The latter part of June was said to be the best, as the wound soon healed and there was not much drainage of sap at that time. Various remedies for injurious insects were given. The most effective for curculio seemed to be jarring the trees-, or air slaked lime and dry ashes thrown into the trees when wet. Spraying with Paris green for apple enemies and for curra-nt worms was the favorite. “ Haying” was the next subject for work, and like any other busi- ness various methods of procedure were given. Some would com- mence as soon as the clover blossoms began to turn, not cut- ting till the dew was off, cooking up quite green and sweating out for two days, then hauling—keep- ing close up at night that none was out to take the dew. Some claimed that any one can make hay all right in a dry season, but in a wet season is where the trouble comes, and to be successful you could not wait for the wet or dew to get off nor commence too early in the season. Wait till one-third or more of the heads are brown, by Miss Myrtie Preston of Har- mony Grange. The necessary steps to take for one to collect an lierbarium and a large sample of: her own work were given by the many cards containing specimens of various plants. The great pleasure and profit of botanical knowledge and the instruction from might be obtained during the long winter evenings. It that the children soon became much i interested in the subject andi gained information which was of,‘ great importance and use in afteri life. A good knowledge of how. plants grow. enables one to so feed ‘' his land that he may influence their growth to a greater extent than to depend upon the changes of the moon to do it. The benefits derived from the Grange were stated by various members. At the first organization of the Order the agriculturists were at the mercy of every other class of people who were organized for protection and advancement. The Patrons organized for the purpose of bringing down war prices by doing away with the middle man, but later they had turned their attention more to education and to legislative work, where they have ma(le rapid strides. They have suicceeded in estab- lishing a cabinet oflicer, fought the patent laws, drive-well and slide gate swindles, succeeded in intro- ducing our brcadstufl’s where they were never used before, besides many other laws which were bene- ficial to all. All this in the way of legislation has been accoinplished by organi- zation, and yet the Grange is not a political organization. \Vhy cannot our Prgliibitionists suc- ceed in the S8.lIIo way? The Order is very different from all other secret organizations as it was not selfish; its accomplishments were for the benefit of all, while others were only beneficial to their members The agriculturists are over half of our population and could have things their own way, but instead of taking hold to help themselves they stand back and growl and find fault, when they have no one to blame but them- selves. Brother J. N. Dayton of M. E. church in Cannonsburg, though not a Patron, thought the Grange was doing about as much good in an educational and moral way as the churches. and he was much interested in the sessions of the Order. Brother Ed. Cainpau, of Whit- neyville Grange, told in a comical Way, with his French accent, what the order had done for him, which was pleasing to all as it fulfilled Solomon’s proverb, that “a merry heart doeth good as a medicine.” It was decided to have a grand county picnic at North Park in August, due notice of which will be given. Instructive speakers are to be obtained, and a good time had. After a splendid dinner, served by Cannon Grange, Pomona ad- journed. having enjoyed the ses- sion in spite of the heavy rain. All the discussions were inter- spersed with music and songs, recitations, and other exercises, which made the session a good one. OVERSEER. . NEWS NOTES. MICHIGAN. Calhoun county goes “ wet ” by 967 majority. Prince Michael goes to Jackson prison for five years. The University graduates a class of nearly 700 this year. J. W. Waterman, the generous lawyer and capitalist of Detroit, is dead. Jackson will have a quartette of big ppeiiil the Fourth; Alger, Winans, Pingree, ic . Mt. Pleasant is to have a normal school. Prof. Bellows of Ypsilanti is to be at its head. _ The People’s party convention at Lan- sing elected delegates to the national Wet weather 3‘ were not , i iSp6('l8l, June iplatform of the St. Louis convention of last February. Senator James McMillan has presented l Albion college with $20,000 for a chemi- I cal laboratory. The Michigan Supreme Court unani- ' Miner electoral law. Two serious railroad accidents in Michigan. One on the Big Four near Niles, the other on the (‘fit G. T. near. Battle Creek. Fifty-one _\varrants were issued in Detroit against saloon law violators. _All but about 400 of Detroit‘s 1,200 sa- loons have paid their liquor taxes for the year beginning Mav Land the county ‘ treasurer has received $290,500. Here is a good example of partisan Eijournalism---just a different point of‘ ,3 view. you know: E from the Detroit Tribune: “l"or an‘ Belding. Mich., , 6) ‘ ‘ l . , ..1_.——.°i rousing republican gamed there-[club was organized here this evening; .‘C. M. VVise was elected president. An: 1 Wasraggressive campaign will be conducted thought that this subject ought toi be introduced intoour rural schools. Aggressive Campaign. -- from start to finish." Grand Rapids Democrat: “A Little Campaign Club.——~Belding, June 21.——A weak attempt was made to start a repub- publican club tonight. About twenty afitended out of SIX hundred in the town- s ip. enthusiasm here." NATI()NAl.. (‘yrus W. Field is very ill. Prohibition National Convention in session in Cincinnati. The 29th the “ Clevelands " kept open house at Buzzards Bay. Congress has done practically nothing for the past two weeks. Thirteen killed and a number injured in a railroad accident in Harrisburg, Pa. Congressmen Springer, Burrows and Watson discuss the pending presiden- tial campaign through Democratic, Re- publican and Peoples party glances in the July ARENA. The July Liri-ix(,w;)T'r’s contains an in- teresting description of the Peary North Greenland expedition and the relief that is now organized. A chatty paper on “Canoe Life” will interest all lovers of outing. The silver question is discussed in the July NORTH AM!’-ZRICAN R1-zvii-:w under the caption of “\Vhat Shall the Ratio be?” Senators Stewart and Hansbrough, and Representatives Springer, Bland and Dal’/.ell are the writers. Edward Everett Hale has a very en- tertaining talk on “Making a Living," in the COSMOPOLITAN for July. He dis- cusses the advisability of those dwellers in cities who at forty have small in- comes, big families and discouraged hearts, going on to small farms to make ~-not money—-—but “a living." “What shall the Ratio be?" The question that will engage the forthcom- ing International Conference, will be discussed in the July number of the North American Review, by Senator Stewart of Nevada, Representative VVm. H. Springer of Illinois, Senator H. C. Hansbrough of North Dakota, Repre- sentative R. P. Bland of Missouri, and Representative John Dalzell of Pennsyl- vania. Send 50 cents to Bond tr Co.,57G Rookery, Chicago, and you will receive, post paid, a four hundred page advance Guide to THE the Exposition, with elegant WORLD’S engravings of the grounds COLUMBIAN and buildings, por- EXPOSITION traits of its leading spirits, and a map of the City of Chicago; all of the rules governing the exposition and exhibitors, and all information which can be given out in advance of its open- ing. Also, other engravings and printed information will be sent you as publish- every person should secure a copy. Stormy One can hardly expect to . take even a week's vacation V3-C3-tlon without one or two stormy days—and the question Days arises how to pass such Made times pleasantly. In the Pleasant countryormountainswhere reading cannot be easily ob- tained, time hangs heavily. This all may be avoided if you will take the precau- tion to procure a package of WAV'ERLY MAGAZINES. Each copy has from ten to fifteen short, clean and interesting com- plete stories (none continued), Notes of Travel, Items of Interest, Jokes, etc., besides a page of music. They are not like a book that one has to read for hours, but are entertaining for ten minutes or a day and can be caught up at any time. We have a few odd back numbers that we will sell in bundles of twenty-five for $1.00, post- age prepaid. You cannot buy the same amount of reading in twenty-five cent novels Waverly for less than $10.00. Send Magazine five cents for a sam- ple, read it carefully and Boston you will order a bundle. 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King, Esr . Price 250, postpaid. Tiii; IRRESISTIBLFJ CoNri.i<:'r BE'l‘\VEEN Two WORLD THEORIES, By Rev. Minot J. Surage. Price, postpaid, paper, 60c; cloth, 31. Jason EDWARDS, An .\ verage Man, By Hamlin Garland, author of A Spoil of Office, Main-Traveled Roads, etc. Price, cloth, 31; paper, 50c. Wiio Lias? An Interrogation, By Prof. Emil Blum and Sigmund Alexander. Price, paper, 50c. Is Tins YOUR SON, Mr Loan? A Power- ful Realistic Romance, By Helen Gardener. Price, paper, 500; cloth, $1. Sixth edi- tion. Thirtieth thousand. M_iii~:-Taiivi:LLi-:1) Ro.-ins. Six Missis- sippii Valley Stories, By Hamlin Garland. Price, paper, 50c; cloth, -31. edition. Liassoivs LEARNED FROM OTHER LIVES, i By B. 0. Flower, editor of the Arena, with portrait of the author. This volume contains short biographical sketches of fourteen eminent per- sonages, written especially for the young, in a manner as fascinating as fiction, while necessarily proving very instructive. Price, paper, 500; cloth, 81 ADDRESS ALL ORDERS Second ARENA PUBLISHING COMPANY . BOSTON MASS “Big Crops of Small Fruits” Sent to any one who subscribes to The Visitor Before July 15th rmsssss or ROBERT surrn 8: co.. LANSING, MICK.