, _...--Illllllllll

VOL. XVII, NO. 21.

MICHIGAN RAILROADS.
Their Cost, Traffle, Income, and Re-
lation to the Business and
Farming Classes.

MAJ. W. C. RANSOM.

Michigan became a State about
the time of the first construction
of railroads in this country. In
fact the second locomotive engine
sent west of the Allegheny mount-
ains was for use upon the Erie
and Kalamazoo railroad between
Toledo and Adrian, now a part of
the great Lake Shore and Michi-
gan Southern system. That was
in the year 1836, and from that
short piece of road traversing what
had before been an almost impas-
sable swamp originated the vast
web of tracks now extended into
nearly every county of the two
peninsulas comprising the State.

‘The earliest legislatures of
Michigan commenced thoroughly
imbued with the spirit of railroad
building and adopted plans of
internal improvement which the
more conservative of the people
deemed Utopian to the last degree.
These plans contemplated the build-
ing of three great lines of road
across the State. The Central
from Detroit to St. Joseph, the
Southern from Monroe to New
Bufl’alo, or some other point near

——the 

ary of the State with Lake Michi-
gan, and the Northern extending
from Port Huron to Grand Haven.
No provision was made for the con-
struction of north and south roads
as all that portion of the State
north of the projected line of the
Northern road, was an unexplored
wilderness, most of it unblazed even
by the sawyer’s axe, and believed to
be largely swamp and valueless for
purposes of civilization. Congress
conceded liberal grants of public
lands in aid of the magnificent
scheme of internal improvement
and five millions of bonds were
voted by the legislature to hasten
its fruition at an early day. But
progress in the projected enter-
prises proved to be slow. The
financial distress that followed the
speculative period of 1835-36
weighed heavily upon the infant
state. Its bonds became unnego-
iable and no market could be found
for its internal improvement lands,
which were subsequently frittered
away in furtherance of almost every
imaginable scheme for road build-
ing and slack water navigation, and
so after struggling along for ten
years and having completed the
Central as far as Kalamazoo, the
Southern to Hillsdale and partially
raded the Northern between Port
uron and Lapeer, the people
concluded that the building and
operating of railroads by the State
government was not a success, so
in 1846 the Central and Southern
Railroad Companieswere incorpor-
ated and the State sold to them the
two principal roads completed as
above stated and abandoned further
work on the Northern for all time.
The constitutional convention of
1850 inhibited, in the constitution
now in force, the State from further
connection with internal improve-
ments and since that time the
prosecution of railroad building in
Michigan has been left entirely to
private enterprise, and in the best
interest of the State, no thinking
man can doubt. _

That early system of railroads,
at the time, by so many deemed
far beyond the present or prospect-
ive needs of the people long since
became an accomplished fact, and a
glance at our railroad map will
easily show how far short it has
proven of the demands of our
commerce for inland trans rta-

great trunk lines first pro-
jected four others have been com-
pleted practically across the State.
Three have been put in operation
from the straits of Mackinac to our
southern boundary, while across
them all, in a great ecliptic sweeps
another, connecting the waters of
Lake Michigan at Frankfort with
those of Lake Erie at Toledo. The
upper peninsula has been grid-
ironed with tracks. reaching to
every mining and lumbering dis-
trict and every county within its
boundaries, while roads of minor
importance to the State at large but
of the greatest convenience and
value to the local communities
reached, now furnish outlets to the
commercial centers from nearly
every district of the commonwealth.
From the report of the Commis-
sioner of Railroads for 1891 we learn
that the miles of track completed in
Michigan at the beginning of that
year were 0,957.27 or nearly seven
times the extent of that projected
by the early administrations of the
State. The reported cost of our
railroad properties at the last men-
tioned date was $281,205,724 or
S40,420 per mile, which includes
the cost of equipment in use. That
this figure is in excess of the actual
cost of the properties must be con-
ceded. The property account of a
railroad corporation is generally
written to cover stock and, glebt
which-fruurtiiereport above‘ q" ’ote'
appears to be $4,040 per mile in
excess of the reported cost which
for Michigan would give an aggre-
gate of $2,810,628. It is very
diflicult to arrive at the real
approximate cost, even of new rail-
road properties. In many if not
most instances, it is not known to
the railroad managements them-
selves. Frequently the stock is
given as a bonus with the bonds,
and still more frequently full_ paid
stock is issued when far short of its
par value has been realized to the
company. With the imitations
incident to the management and
ownership of railroads, reliable
accounts covering these particulars
are not attainable and capital state-
ments are based largely upon figures
agreed upon by purchasers of
bankrupt roads.

The reported capital stock paid
in at the close of 1890 was $338,-
199,053 or $23,019 per mile. Of
this vast sum only $9,636,725 was
held by Michigan stockholders.

At the date last mentioned the
indebtedness of our railroad cor-
porations was $32,711 per mile
which would give for Michigan
$327,570,427. The total interest
account for 1890 was $18,881,525,
of which $10,384,387 would be
chargeable to Michigan’s account.

The entire income of Michigan
railroads for 1890 was $94,096,856.83
the proportion for this State being
$36,165,108. The total expense of
operation and taxes during the same
period was $63,925,091, the Michi-
gan proportion being $25,207,037
and the net earnings $10,958,071
or about $1,574 per mile, from
which fixed charges and rentals
had to be paid, leaving in fact an
average net for the stockholders of
only about $415 per mile, the ex-
penses, interest and rentals absorb-
ing 93.34 per cent of the gross
earnings. Of the entire list of com-
panies eight only returned anything
to the stockholders, $178,270,572.70
being non-productive capital. The
amount of dividends and interest
on the funded debt of the corpo-
rations for the year 1890 was $26,-
736,188, averaging $2,100.93 per
mile of road and 3.82 per cent upon
the reported cost of the property.
Assuming that the later is reported
one-fourth in excess of real values,
there would still be less than five
per cent paid to the bond holders

tion. In addition to the three

and stockholders with no provision

LANSING, MI

 

  

“THE FARMER IS OF MORE CONSEQUENOE THAN THE FARM, AND SHOULD BE FIRST IJIIPROVED.”

made for covering deterioration of
property, which is certainly a small
return upon the capital invested.

The total tons of freight moved
by our railroads during 1890 was
63,434,224, of which 26,182,257 were
forwarded from Michigan stations,
or about 41 per cent. Of commo-
dities moved the following were in
heaviest volume: Grains, 6,081,849
tons, 9.59 per cent; flour, tons,
1,663,898, 2.62 per cent; provisions,
meats. etc., tons 1,580,902, 2.40 per
cent; animals, tons, 2,104,688, 3.32
per cent; other agricultural pro-
ducts, 1,569,725 tons, 2.48 per cent;
lumber and forest products, 20.84
per cent; merchandise 8,501,093
tons, 13.40 per cent. The average
charge on each ton of freight moved
was $100.7, the average haul being
145 miles and the average rate per
ton per mile a fraction less than
eight mills. The total number of
passengers carritjzl on Michigan
roads during 189Qwas 33.503,059. I
am unable to stateifilie proportion of
these within the State of Michigan
but the average  by each pas
scnger was  %miles for which
he paid an averag'-A of 750.56 cents,
the average rate per mile from all
passengers being ‘237 cents.

From the foregoing it will be
seen how important the relation
which exists b(:‘tW'{*.(‘.l_1 our railroad
corporations and, the _great indus-

A trial classes r..’-- -«*~-“-7t"="““' ~~- Their‘

interests are reciprocal and any
line of policy which opposes the
one must certainly bring disaster
to the other. VVhile it is true that
our people are in the aggregate
paying large sums to the railroad
companies as traflic charges, still
it must not be forgotten that the
railroads have largely added to the
value of each agricultural product,
and each article manufactured, by
the cheapness with which it can
be sent to market, while the
increased values of realty by reason
of the extension of railroads into
the remotest districts of the State
is quite beyond computation. Nor
should we lose sight of the fact
that a large portion of the amounts
paid each year by our people to
railroad corporations for freight
charges and passenger fares, is
again returned to them through
the hands of the 26,000 employés
engaged in various capacities
upon our railroads in Michigan.
Add to wages the vast sums annu-
ally disbursed for material and
supplies of every kind entering into
the construction, maintenance and
operation of our railroad property,
we can then appreciate the help
they are to us in the building up
and supporting a large industrial
population.

It is believed that Michigan in
legislating police regulations for
the government of its railroad cor-
porations is in advance of most of
its sister states. The laws provide
for close and strong right of way
fences and cattle guards, for con-

venient and suitable farm crossings,

upon the application of the farm-

ers to the railroad commissioner.

Proper highway and street cross-

ings must also be maintained and

at exposed points protected by

automatic signals or safety gates.

At railroad crossings the grades

must be either separated or pro-
tectedbyinterlockingdeviceswhich

enable trains to pass them without

stopping. Michigan was one of
the first states to provide for the
use of automatic couplers upon the

freight cars run upon its roads, and

to insist upon the blocking of
switches and frogs, which prev-
iously were such terrible causes of
death to train and yard men. Car
stoves are no longer permitted on
our trains, and on most of our roads
have been replaced with approved
applicances for the heating of cars

with steam from the locomotive.

CHI§lAN, NOVEMBER 1, 1892.

Passengers are protected against
assault or indignity while traveling
upon trains. The right of way must
be kept clear of dangerous trees and
noxious weeds, and in every respect
the legal rights of the citizen must
be respected by the corporation.
These regulations have been elli-
ciently enforced by our railroad
commissioner until the accidents
upon our railroads have been .
reduced to a minimum. the reports
for 1890 showing that only seven
passengers were killed during that
year, which was but one for each 
5489,72-8 train miles run. It is buti
justice to add that the railroad f
managements have as a rule cooper- 4
ated with our railroad commission- ;
ers in the enforcement of our laws, 3‘
and complied with the requi1'<-ments 1,
of the railroad department made in 1
the interest of the public, as theji
exigencies of the situation seemed ;
to demand. From the foregoing,‘
while as a rule the railroad vorpora- 
tionsare solvent andthcir properties i
in a fairly prosperous condition, it}
is also apparent that these last are '
not the prolific services of gain
whichthe y are so frequently repre-
sented, and so many of our people
believe them to be. Under the
encouragement of our liberal and
yet conservative legislation they
have been rapidly extended into
I uncultj,‘:“‘;°.d and sparsely settled
l0c«'elit.'.+€p-’+.\‘|'}Jcre it will be manv
years, if ever, that the traffic will
yield adequate return upon the capi-
tal invested. Consequently they are
in no condition to meet excessive
taxation or too exacting legislation.
Such a policy would not only prove
ruinous to existing properties, but
prevent the construction of new
ones into districts not provided
with railroad facilities. A large
proportion of our railroad, has
been built for the purpose of carry-
ing our forest products to desirable
markets. The forests are being
rapidly stripped of their wealth and
the lumber industry is fast drawing
to its close. It is becoming a serious
question what is to be the effect of
this loss of traffic to our railroad
corporations, nearly all of which are
to be afl"ected by it. But it is agreed
in all quarters, that they will have
to live along as best they can, un-
til the stump lands which they
traverse, available for agricultural
uses, have been occupied and culti-
vated, replacing with the products
of husbandry those of the wood-
man’s ax. Years will be requisite
to that end and meanwhile the
people of Michigan must remember
the fable of the men that killed the
goose that laid him the golden egg,
and profit from his folly.

 

SOME G001) ADVICE.

The following excerpt from a
paper by Hon. J. H. Brigham,
Worthy Master of the National
Grange, is pertinent at this time:

“The oflicial position which I
hold in the Order brings me no
additional wisdom touching econ-
omical questions, and I would
under no circumstances be justified
in assuming to speak with authom'ty.
No official, no Subordinate,Pomona,
State or National Grange, has the
right to restrict, in any way what-
ever, the political freedom of any
member of the Order.

“It is the privilege of each indi-
vidual to decide all such questions
for him or herself, and when reso-
lutions upon such questions are
adopted by a majority or by a un-
animous vote of any such body in
our Order, a member who honestly
differs with such expressed views
has a perfect right so to do, and
give his reasons therefor.

“It is not the mission of the
Order to curtail freedom of thought,
but to enlarge it. This refers, of

WHOLE N0. 405.

pertaining to matters not peculiar
to our Order. \Vhen these bodies
speak upon Grange law or usage
then the authority is unques-
tioned.

"I refer to this for the reason
that some of the brothers seem to
feel that any resolution adopted by
:1 majority of the voting members
of an oiiicial body of the Order
upon any economic question in
some way commits those who do
not agree with the majority to the
support of measures which they
do not approve, and to oppose
measures which they do approve.

"I do not so iiiitlcrsmml it. It is
simply an expression of the opinion
of ll1()So- who vote, :|tlirmativcly.a1id
docs nol romnlil flu’ ()r</cr or any
member who does not agree with
the majority.

"It should be (lll(l(’l'Sl.O()(l nsan
e.\'p1'ession of the views of the ma-
jority. and then. wlicn the member-
ship of the higher bodies change,
as it does clninge, if the majority
should think diti‘erently. and ex-
press opposite views. it would not
show that the Order was \'nscillat-
ing or inconsistent, but that every
member vvas at liberty to vote his
sentiments without 1'<-gurd to what
others may have said.

“The Grange, unlike the courts,
is a progressive Order, not govern-
ed or bound by precedents. I have
sometimes wondc-.re(l if ou r brothers
would recognize the (mthorit_7 if it
should happen to differ radically
with their wellknown views.

“It must be understood that
there are radical differences of
opinion among our members upon
all economic questions, and it is
impossible to decide upon which
side a majority of the rank and file
are found.

“It is natural for each one to
think the majority must be with him
because he is sure that he is right;
but coming in contact as I do with
large bodies of our members, I find
it impossible to tell from observa-
tion where the majority would
appear, if any economic question
was, after full discussion, submitted
to a vote of the entire member-
ship.

“In one section it is decidedly
one-sided, in another section is de-
cidedly the other-sided, and for
these reasons it would certainly be
a mistake toattempt to commit the
Order to either side. We want
them all. We welcome them all,
and guarantee to all absolute free-
dom of religious and political
thought.

 

THE MAGAZINES.

The most significant, and the only full
utterance so far by Mr. Blaine in the
present national canvass, will be his
article entitled “The Presidential Cam-
paign of 1892,” in the North American
Review for November. He speaks with
vigor, making some points that are en-
tirely new in the discussion of the issues,
and his article is marked with that
vigor and that purity of style for which
Mr. Blaine is distinguished.

Mr. George Edward Woodbury, in his
admirable paper on John Greenleaf
Whittier, has contributed perhaps the
ablest critical review on Whittier’s place
in literature which either has appeared
or will appear; and as is fitting in the
pages of the Atlantic, to which Whit-
tier has been so constant a contributor,
Dr. Holmes has contributed a poem to
his memory. The feeling which the
autocrat shows in these verses is so real
that one forgets their poetic form, and
they seem but the natural outpouring of
the affection of a brother poet. Eliza-
beth Stuart Phelps has also a touching
poem on Whittier, which was written as
he lay dying.

Mr. Howells will begin in the N overn-
ber (Josmopolitan, a department under
the attractive title, “A Traveler from Al-
truria.” Those who have seen the first
two papers think they will equal in inter-
est and in their wide appeal to all classes,
the Breakfast Table Papers of Dr.
Holmes. In order to give the necessary
time to this work, Mr. Howells has
turned over the detail editorial work to
Mr. Walker.

course, to action upon questions


I
THE GRANGE VISITOR.

2 NOVEMBER 1, 1892;

6

Field and Sfock.

LESSONS OF THE SEASON.

3.’

land. Roll and work with a spring  paid Robert Knight of Marlette
tooth harrow until it is .m.ellow._ I : $140 for four head (good ones).
logic to 1-oll beiore nliarkingi. Think: G_ S, Angn & S911 of Muniken
I fhiC1'§PtOC9-11 9 V01; “V9-te‘ 500_11€‘—1‘- lhave 25 ped1grees_ in for registry.
h 11 0 m_311)r Prmers 3Te1'1_8;54 have come in in one week for
urry to get in their .corn- It will 1-eg-lstrafiom

110‘ gT0W “M11 the 5911 gets W8I‘m- SEC. Mica. LINCOLN S. B. Ass’N.
But the weeds grow if the corn does
not and trouble all summer. I l

the lower regions of the seed bed.
I consider this last a very import-
ant point. The atmosphere is a
vast chemical laboratory, wherein
the most valuable fertilizingproper-
ties are being all the while formul-
ated. The process goes on while
we are asleep. If our soils are kept
thorougly pulverized they will ab-

I

 ject. It has been talked over and

;over in the Grange and farmers’

_clubs with no apparent benefit.

N ‘,I*'armers are terribly afraid of each

A 1- H h I d f Iother in matters of mutual benefit.
ew mug ts gut ‘ere mm ‘.111 fact I believe the average farm-

the experiences of a number . _ 1d 1 d d. ;d
of Michigan farmers duh jers cou not pure iase an 1V1 e

 ::..;::::.‘ sf...f:3i:‘::“5.§"::trrr;2
_. _ _ ’ ‘

THE ROBIN.

A BIT OF HISTORY.

best Fairbanks scales. but one-half
of them would believe themselves

The Spring Opened with activityéclieated. Such distrust makes it

in my flock of Shropshire ewes.
The ultimate result was a doubling
of the number. The wool clips

easy to keep their noses on the
grindstone, an(l it is good enough
lfor them. Can’t they see all about

selling from 12 to 22 Cents (un']thein examples of successful coni-

washed),

did not make me 8‘ i bines and strikes where only a few

millionaire. I have escaped 1/Litfghundred ignorant foreigners make

temptation, and cannot go to the
U. S. Senate.

 terms and prices such as they wish,
and in the end the farmers pay for

The potatoes we planted early; an

in April turned out well.
planted about corn planting were
an utter failure, blight at the root.
Very late potatoes are turning out
fairly well. The heavy rains from
27th April to 30th May——8 inches-
probably hurt the potatoes. I got
my corn in all right on sandy land
and am now husking a good average
crop. On clay and timbered lands,
corn could not be planted, hence
many farms have no corn at all.
But corn planted in June and July,
wonderful to relate,has made a good
crop. Sowing in faith sometimes
succeeds you see. But we had no
killing frost until the 5th of Oct-
ober and that helped faith out.
Great breadth of oats, but yield
not heavy. V’\'lieat wrinkled down
badly on clay or timber lands, so
the yield was disappointing. Raised

on Sandy land Went 17 bushels Ofl (3()_.000) thirty thousand bushels

excellent quality. The market prices
of wheat, now 62 to (35 cents, is not
such as to elate us into arrogance.
Dairy products have not been so
high as to lead our ladies into wil(l

extravagancesin the matter of dress. ., . . . ,
V as soon as 111 condition for market

Indeed, the farm here has been
more reliable and comforting to
the fair sex. Potatoes, because of
failure, have been bringing from
$1 to 50 cents. For the first time
in 21 years I have to buy potatoes,
The fact grinds me. I pride my-
self upon
Root Crops.

My rutabagas, mangolds and car-
rots are A1. So I ought not to
complain. My orchard has yielded
me just two bushels of miserable
apologies called apples; Yet in
May the orchard bloomed glorious-
ly. I guess the rains prevented
bees and other insects working
the work of fertilization. The bum-
ble bees were destroyed too, hence
our seed clover is almost worthless.
Aneighbor of mine threshed all day
with a powerful huller and got 6
bushels! How dependent we are
upon small things! yet strawberries
and raspberries we had in abund-
ance and plenty of peas. I let my
aftermath of clover go back to en-
rich the land instead of cutting for
seed. I hope wisdom may justify
her child.

The price of farm stock of all
kinds is scarcely fair, except sheep,
which pay. Hogs are scarce, but
still not profitable if you feed much
corn. My crop of acorns will help
me out!

With supreme faith, farmers have
sown a large acreage of wheat this
fall, done the work unusually well,
and the crop looks well on moist
iands with fair weather—the con-

.-ditions, as to weather and so forth,

this fall has been unusually good.

Taken altogether we have had a
Pretty Good Season.

All have something to eat and sell.
The hay crop was enormous-—
something to brag about, if that
were in order.

If farmers could only have real-
ized a fair profit on all their pro-
ducts there would be nothing to
complain of. But why should mor-
tal man complain? Least of all
the farmer! He may be in the
doldrums just now but the time is
coming when, like afllicted Job, he
shall be rewarded many fold.

J. H. FOBSTEB.
Williamston.

THE OLD STORY.

This season farmers are still tak-
ing their post graduate course in
trusts and combines. And I be-
lieve that when they have finished
the lessons of the year and have
been robbed of their last dollar, with
nothing left but day's works, a pair
of stogy boots, blue overalls and
jacket, they will begin to see the
need of taking a hand at combina-
tion themselves. I shall not say a
word about the advantage of such
action. All readers of the GRANGE
VISITOR are familiar with this sub-

Those 1

l
I

Sheep rs Cattle.

Last year on account of lame
sheep, I was obliged to feed my
entire flock, usually about twelve
hundred, and substitute cattle, and
I find though very fortunate in
sales, that the earning power of
sheep as to cattle, is greatly in
favor of sheep.

Dehorning.

I am greatly pleased with my
experience with dehorned cattle;
dehorning has come to stay. In
future, horns will be at a discount
on Fairview farm.

Prompt Sales.

This season emphasizes our pre-
vious experience iii the great loss
in holding produce for a higher
price in the future. VVithin the
radius of six miles about Fairview

of wheat were kept over from last
year’s crop incurring a loss to the
growers of twelve thousand dollars.
As an absolute rule I believe that
all farm produce should be sold

unless the price is below the aver-
age cost of production.
L. D. WA'rxi.\'s.
J] a rack ester.

STRA3’ THOUGHTS ox WHEAT
GROWING.

It is said we are never too old to
learn. Each season brings to the
farmer lessons of wisdom, if he will
but heed them. Anti uated and
fossilized as the rnadflgsfiay call
me, I have always been a firm ad-
vocate of the oldfashioned summer
fallow.

I will briefly cite my experience
with the last season’s wheat crop.
Having previously determined on
being (as far as practicable) my
own administrator, I had distribu-
ted a large portion of my lands-—
especially the best part of them—
leaving to myself a limited area,
which comprises the newer portions
of a new country farm. Originally
this was a region of heavily tim-
bered land~—wherein a dense
growth of beach, maple, basswood
or linden and elm timbers was
interspersed with giant pines.
The predominatory soils are gravel,
and yet varying quite widely in
their composition, being quite
sandy in places, but an element of
red clay is almost everywhere
present in the soil. This composi-
tion always insures us the very
finest quality of wheat, whether
the yield be great or small. My
last crop consisted of 30 acres-
the one-half summer fallow, the
other half pea and barley stubble.
My gross yield was 666 bushels;
being 221-5 bushels per acre
throughout. One-half of the ground
was largely occupied by stumps, so
that on 12 acres of ground there
should be deducted at least three
acres for stumps. The average on
my summer fallow was 27 bushels.
That of my stubble ground 17
bushels. Ten acres of my summer
fallow which had been cleared of
stumps at a cost of $192, produced
30 bushels per acre. I consider it
was well cultivated. I will give

The Process.

It was clover sod—but the June
grass or Kentucky blue grass had
so far crowded out the clover as to
render it valueless as a meadow. It
was well plowed, 7 or 8 inches deep,
between the 20th of June and the
4th of July. The plow was followed
closely with the roller, from day to
day, and the harrow lengthwise of
the furrows, close after the roller
so as to fill all crevices and smother
the June grass. About half the
piece had a slight dressing of man-
ure——the whole piece should have
had it, but the supply fell short.
It was harrowed frequently so as to
keep it clean and especially to break
the crust, and keep up free circula-

tion between the atmosphere and

sorb an indefinite amount of nature’s
free fertility———but if the surface is
allowed to become crusted over,

the winds will sweep on these most ‘v

valuable properties, either to bene-
fit the next neighbor who is a better
farmer, or to poison the air with
sickness and malarial disease. This
is science in my homespun prac-
tical way. ‘Veil, in August it was
cross-plowe(l, between the middle
and last of the montheas shallow
as possible, so as not to disturb the
sod that had bdén turned under—
then twice harrowed and rolled
down smooth. Now I considered
it ready for the seed, which was
drilled in at thevrate of two bushels
(white Clawsonwheat) to the acre.
It is now my opinion, that 1,’; bush-
els of seed would have been just as
good and that the last half bushel
was thrown away. We Michigan
farmers
Must raise Wheat.

No use in saying “ it don’t pay.”
We have got to raise it, and I insist
it does pay, if we know how to
handle it.

I often tell my men to bear in
mind that no man ever got rich by
raising poor crops. We’V'e always
got to take our chances, but we
should cultivate for a good crop
every time, and then when we have
a poor season we are quite sure to
get something.

lVhatwould Michigan do without
her wheat crop‘? For the past 12
or 15 years our annual product has
varied from 21 to 31 millions. The
average has been about 26 millions,
bringing, in these modern times of
low prices, about 20 millions of dol-
lars a year. In amount it throws
all our other cereals in the shade;
and then it is (.ilwa.ys cash.

VVhatever may be the opinions
of others, I believe it pays me to
summer fallow, and I can name
some other men who make it pay,
too. F
Fosto‘i'ilii." "l‘~fTZL1‘1“‘§i«i§_ (.T»0ODRIi’H'

THOROUGH CULTIVATION.

At the request of the editor we
will endeavor to give the readers
of the VISITOR the benefit of some
of the lessons learned during the
past season.

The one thing which has im-
pressed us more forcibly then all
else is the fact that weeds grow fast
and hired men work slow.

The continued rains during May
and June brought home to us the
truth that weeds, like bad boys,
had better die young, and that
eternal vigilance is the price of a
clean corn field. Owing to lack of
culture at the proper time, our com
has cost us twice the usual amount
of labor, and with all our efforts,
some weeds have been.left to mature
their seeds which at some future
time are sure to arise and condemn
our farminggor rather lack of
farming. We were obliged to keep
the cultivator going in our corn
and potatoes th rough the haying and
harvest season and we believe that
no investment made during the
year has paid as well in clear profit
as this labor.

Our observation for a number of
years among the farmers of Michi-
gan leads us to believe that the
cultivated crops of the State might
be increased fully one-third in yield
by more thorough and systematic
cultivation.

As this article must be short we
close with the admonition to culti-
vate and withhold not thy hand.

PERRY MAYO.
Battle Creek.

A FEW HINTS ON RAISING CORN.

The corn crop is about the most
important crop on the farm. It
takes a good deal of labor to raise
the crop but we get in return a nice
bin of grain, also the stalks, and if
we have done our duty by the
ground, we have exterminated a lot
of weeds and put it in good shape
for the next crop.

I never was much of a friend to
fall plowing for corn. It takes a
lot of work in the spring just at the
time of sowing oats and gives the
grass a splendid start for the sum-
mer. Like to plow about 7 inches
deep, would plow deeper if there
was much June or blue grass in the

think enerally from the 20th to
the 25t of May is about the right
time to plant.

Never send a lazy man to culti-
vate corn for on this work depends
more the success of the crop (if
the soil and weather are good) than
any thing else. Some advocate
deep cultivating, some shallow, but
in either case keep the ground as
near level as possible. I

Some farmers say, “I don’t have
time to work my corn as much as
it ought to have been.” 1Vell, just
try a smaller piece next time and
put the same work on it until you
find the exact amount of land you
can tend.

Now, two hints in regard to dis-
posing of the crop. 1. Don’t let
the wind blow it out of -your stock,
2'. e., keep them warm and give them
a plenty of it. 2. Have some good
thrifty stock to feed it to and the
corn crop will always pay.

0. L. BECKWITH.
Victor.

KEEPING APPLES.

_ The proper way to keep apples
IS first keep the best that grow.
The trouble with many farmers is
they try to keep what they can’t
sell or give away and this is poor
economy; for apples make not only
healthy but cheap living—and if
there is any one that should have
the best it is those that grow the
fruit eapples properly picked and
packed will keep till the first of
July; and the way I think to do
this _is, first, care should be used in
picking and packing, placing only
the best apples in the barrel and
be very sure to use only clean bar-
rels and fill as full as you can, press
the head in, then move to the cellar
door. Lay them iown on sticks,-
these should be long enough for
each barrel to be rolled half over.
Do this twice a week till about the
15th of December then place in the
cellar where it will be as cold as
possible, or just below freezing,
and do not move again till you open
for use. I have tried this plan for
several years, and the 25th of last
June we had Northern Spies nearly
as fresh as when taken from the
tree and did not lose more than one
peck from a barrel.
A SUBSCRIBER.

HOLDING THE WHEAT.

As I have looked over my books
which show the date when I have
sold, and the price I have received
for every bushel of wheat I have
raised since 1868, and the figures
show that had I sold every year
soon after I threshed I would have
done much better than I did by
holding, to say nothing of the
waste and shrinkage from different
causes, which is no small amount.

As it has been my fortune to pay
interest the most of the time since
the close of the war, I want to say
to all who are doing it now, that it
is my opinion they will pay their
debts easier and faster by raising
good, clean wheat and selling it as
soon as they can conveniently after
threshing, thereby stop paying in-
terest. D. H. ENGLISH.
Chrmrllcr.

LINCOLN NOTES.

Since the fine exhibit of Lin-
coln’s at the State Fair the sales
have been rapid. _

J. J. England of Caro has im-
ported 25 choice ones.

0. D. Hichcock of Charlotte has
bought the English bred yearling
ram Lord Stanley and seven choice
ewes in Canada. _

H. A. Daniells of Elva has ship-
ped the registered ram lamb M_c-
Kinley, No. 59, and five unregis-
tered yearling ewes to Granville,
Ohio, also two two-year-old ewes
and three lambs, all registered, to
Ovid.

W. S. Allen of Saranac reports
his lambs all sold out at an aver-
age of $20 each.

A. H. Warren, the Chester
White breeder, has caught the Lin-
coln fever and goes to Ontario the
28th in company with H. A. Dan-
niells in search of some choice ones.

Wm. Shier of Marlette has
bought the first prize lamb at State
fair to head his flock.

P. B. Smith of St. Johns is an-

other Lincoln enthusiast, having

During the season of I891 and
1892 the Ohio Experiment station
has been investigating the food of
the robin. The robin has become
so troublesome to berry growers in
some sections that the question has
been raised, "does he do more good
than harm, or vice versa ?" Investi-
gations. more or less extended,
carried on elsewhere have left the
question undecided, nor was it
hoped that the question might be
settled once for all, as it is some-
what changeable in his diet, usual-
ly eating that which comes most
directly in his way. ‘When berries
are abundant he lives on them al-
most exclusively, and when nothing
else offers he can subsist upon in-
sects and various kinds of seeds.
For example, the first robins that
were shot early in March were
found to have eaten but little else
than asparagus berries, which were
abundant on the station grounds
and in good condition. In April,
after the ground had thawed and it
became possible for the robins to
get such food, the larvae of several
species of insects were found in
their stomachs. In June insect
food was partially given up for
berries, and in July but little else
besides was taken. Later in the
season the proportion of insect food
became higher again. This shows
that the robin takes the food which
is most convenient and plentiful,
although he seems to prefer fruit
when it is to be had. Two hundred
and one robiiis were shot and their
stomachs examined during the two
seasons, and more than half of the
insect and other food found to have
been taken by them was beneficial;
less than one-fourth were injurious
insects, while the remainder are
classed as neutral, i. e., are not
known to do either good or harm.

So far as numbers are concerned,
the robin seems to take more things
that are useful to mankind than of
those that do us harm. This does

not give ground for condemning‘

the robin altogether as some feel
like doing, nor does it show him to
be so useful as many have thought
him to be. The trouble is just
here, the law protects the robin
and the fruit grower is liable if he
seeks to defend himself with a shot
gun, and yet he has the bill to pay
for the good that the robin does for
the general public. The berry
grower has much to complain of
against the robin, and but very
little to thank him for, while those
who do not grow fruit have reason
to regard the robin quite as much
a friend as an enemy. It is simply
a matter of unequal taxation and is
perhaps quite as diflicult to adjust
as taxation of any other kind. It
is easy enough in this case to deter-
mine that the tariif is a tax, also
who pays it; but who shall say
what is to be done about it? An
effort was made a year or two ago
to repeal the law which protects
the robin, but facts were scarce,
and sympathy over-ruled.

When the fruit grower becomes
aware that the robin is overreach-
ing him there ought to be no ques-
tion as to the legality of defending
one’s premises. There is no occa-
sion to attempt the extermination
of the robin, but there does seem
to be good reason for trying to
keep it in check, even though
sentiment pleads the contrary
course.

The Illinois State Board of
Agriculture has decided not -to hold
a Fat Stock Show at Chicago this
fall. The reason given is lack of
proper room for the exhibit.

This will be a disappointment to
many who have prepared stock for
the show and to stock men gener-
ally who have come to make this
show the occasion for the annual
meetings of the live stock associa-
tions, the gathering of stock men
from all over the country, a fact
which has done much to increase
the acquaintence of prominent
stock breeders and feeders, give
them opportunity to compare notes,
learn of improved methods and gain
inspiration and enthusiasm for
progress in their work. Although
an abandonment of this show is
not contemplated its suspension
for even one year is a calamity
which the Illinois Board should
have provided against.


. cessful processes

NOVEMBER 1, 1892.

§

PHE GRANGE VISITOR. 3

ATRONS’

MANUFACTURER OF

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Ten Thousand P. of H. and Farmers testify they are Best and
Cheapest. WRITE US AND save MONEY.

THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY
OF BOTANY.

G. H. HICKS.

No study can be more interest-
ing to an intelligent farmer than
that of plant life, since all the suc-
of the farm
depend upon a knowledge of vege-
table growth.

Had we space it would be of
interest to trace the history of edu-
cation, noting the prominence given
to various subjects of study at dif-
ferent periods of history and in
different countries.

The citizens of Sparta, twenty-
five hundred years ago, when that
nation was the leading one of
Europe, were trained almost exclu-
sively in athletics and the arts of
War.

The Athenian schools, on the
other hand, devoted their attention
to mathematics, oratory, and spec-
ulative philosophy.

Coming down to modern times
we find English educators laying
particular stress upon the classics,
especially Greek and Latin.

The Germans are noted for their
scientific investigations, while Am-
erican schools, perhaps more than
others, are wider in their courses
of study.

The average Yankee wants to
know something about everything.

Just at present the attention of
American students seems to be
about equally divided between
political and “natural” science.

An earnest controversy, however,
is often waged between certain ed-
ucators who advocate the claims of
language, history and other “lite-
rary” studies, and certain others
who are as earnest in supporting
scientific studies.

The truth, of course, is that one
needs both a literary and scientific
trainingin order to laya sufficiently
broad foundation for the best re-
sults in any line of work.

We should become acquainted
with the world without, and the
world within, or, as Professor Hux-
ley puts it, “the ideal of a general,
liberal training is to carry to us a
knowledge of ourselves and the
world.”

The majority of people, however,
know a great deal more about them-
selves or their neighbors, than they
do concerning the world in which
they live.

I do not intend, in this article,
to magnify the value of any branch
of science by depreciating any
other department of knowledge,
but I wish to point out the import-
ance of botany and to show the
place its study should occupy, not
only in our colleges and schools of
lower grade, but also, and chiefly,
in the attention of the farmer, his
wife and children.

I will define the term botany in
its broadest sense as a knowledge
of lant life in all its relations.

uch a knowledge is the founda-
tion of agriculture and horticulture,
while chemistry, zoology, entomol-
ogy, and the other so-called “nat-
ural” sciences are so intimately
related to botany that they are all
links of one great chain.

The study of botany may be con-
sidered from three standpoints:
(1.) Its importance in the training
of the mind. (2.) Its practical
relations; and (3) its aesthetic value
in helping us to form better views
of life, to inculcate nobler desires
and higher tastes.

An opinion seems to be some-
what prevalent that plants are
suitable subjects of study for
“old maids” and school girls,
only, and if a man is seen carrying
a plant can or press, he is at once
suspected of being a patent right
crank, a dynamiter, or at the least
a. sort of harmless enthusiast with
nothing to do.

These opinions give way to bet-
ter ones when the truth is known.

I have never laid any thing up
against the well meaning old
gentleman who seeing a plant can
upon my shoulders, inquired if I
was an agent for a patent ice cream
freezer.

Attach as much value as we may

' to the “practical” value of a study,

the real worth after all of any sub-
ject we investigate comes from the

 

mental training which is received.

Professor Payne has truly re-
marked that“any study consciously
learned for practical ends has but
slight culture value.”

It is undoubtedly true that, as a
rule, the person who makes his
mark, the best farmer, merchant or
professional man is the one who
has a clear grasp of the situation,
whatever it may be, in which he is
placed, together with a head
trained to do good thinking and
a hand trained in good doing.

The athlete who overcomes his
antagonist is not the one who goes
into special training for a certain
contest, but he whose whole body
has been steadily and constantly
developed for endurance and agilty.

Botany, as much as any other
study, makes one alert to observe
and quick to seize important ad-
vantages. \Vithout this keen power
of observation, which is the basis
of knowledge, one’s success in life
will be very meagre.

It is surprising to note the num-
ber of people who pass through the
world with their eyes shut, who,
having eyes, see not, and, having
ears, hear not.

It is needless to remark that in
this day of fierce competition, no
sleepy-lieads will stand any show
of success. The man who talks
little but sees a good deal and
makes good use of the knowledge
thus gained is always ahead.

Plants are all about us in endless
variety and profusion, can bestud-
ied at all times of the year, and are
full of wonder, interest and useful-
ness to him who carefully watches
them.

Botany has a great advantage
over most sciences in the abundance
of material and its accessibility for
study.

House plants, the weeds in our
door yards and fields, the crops
upon which we depend for our
food and a large part of ourincome,
the fruits in the orchard, grasses
in the meadow, trees in our woods,
all aiford subjects for the keenest
thought and of the utmost interest.

Again, and of great importance
to the farmer on account of his
frequently isolated condition, bot-
any may be studied to a consider-
able extent without a teacher. It
is true he will miss many of the
best things, get on the wrong track
oftentimes and come to erroneous
conclusions in this way, but a few
hints, especially at the beginning,
coupled with patient investigation
and earnest determination, will
open to his eyes many new facts—«
in reality a new world to which he
was a stranger before.

The apparatus required for plant
study is cheap and simple. A
pocket magnifier costing seventy-
five cents, a sharp knife, a note
book and pencil, and, above all, a
pair of eyes that can see, constitute
the necessary equipment. Many
books are not needed, as the plants
themselves are to be studied, not
simply what other people have said
about them. Give a boy, or man
either, the equipment mentioned,
with a live, growing plant before
him, and you start him on a voyage
of discovery which may prove sec-
ond in importance only to that of
Columbus. He will discover soon
that he is only an infinitesimal
fraction of a very large and wonder-
ful world.

One of the main advantages of
botanical investigation is that it is
a study of things.

Formerly nearly everyone de-
pended upon the authority of a few
for whatever ideas they possessed.
At the present time there is aspirit
of questioning which pervades all
realms of thought. While it is
true that much of our knowledge
is not within the reach of our per-
sonal observation it is equally true
that wherever possible it is infinite-
ly better to see things for ourselves
and form our own opinions. Bet-
ter to occasionally get a wrong idea
than to always depend upon what
others tell us. The more we look
at a plant the more we can see and
the better developed do our powers
of observation become. But mere
seeing without thinking is of little
value in training the mind.

Botany awakens the curiosity
and sets one to thinking.

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In writing mention Tux GRANGE Visrron.

Myriads of questions arise in the
mind of one who studies plant life,
questions relating to structure, to
movements of plants and the fluids
within them,the adaptations of dif-
ferent plants to different conditions
of soil and climate, the origin of
various diseases of plants and the
best remedies to counteract them,
all of which require the deepest
thought.

In studying plant relationships,
habits of orderly arrangement are
developed.

Botany trains the memory better
than many other studies since facts
are presented first to the eye and
thus fixed on the mind. The‘ab-
sorbing attention given to the
plant as the student looks at it
through his pocket lens or attempts
to draw its structure in his note-
book produces a mental picture
not easily cffaced.

Turning from the mental train-
ing which botanical study affords
to the more practical side of the
subject seems hardly necessary, in
an agricultural journal.

There is no more practical occu-
pation than farming, and farmers
have more to do with plants than
any other class of people unless it
is the botanists themselves.

VVliat can be more practical to
the farmer than a knowledge of the
bt,‘Sl3 forage plants, including the
grasses and clovers? the best var-
ieties of wheat, oats or other plants
for certain soils; the most hardy,
palatable and salable kinds of
fruits; the relations of manures,
soils, seasons and climate to plant
growth; the many fungus diseases,
such as rusts, smuts and mildews
and the best methods of checking
them?

It is estimated that the farmers
of Michigan alone have lost over a
million dollars from wheat smut
this year. \Vould the saving of
this amount have been of any prac-
tical value?

A knowledge of those great pests
of fl,(_lfI‘lC11l‘lZl1I‘a ..roods- -their struc-
ture, growth, and the means to ex-
terminate them is gained by a study
of botany. One botanist, at least,
of this country, goes further and
shows how weeds can be made of
substantial money value used as
fertilizers for farm crops.

We wish to emphasize another
important benefit which may accrue
from the study of botany, and one
that may not have been thought of:
I t will help to keep the boys on the
farm. Nothing will inspire a keener
relish for agricultural pursuits than
a close acquaintance with plants.
Not merely because such a knowl-
edge will enable the farmer to at-
tain greater profits for his labor,
but also because as one studies
plants his love for nature will be a
thousand fold enhanced, and one
will thus come to desire to dwell
with nature rather than in the
crowded, dusty, almost vegetation-
less city. This love for nature
cannot be too carefully fostered.

There is a great tendency to over-
practicalness. We must never for-
get that life means much more than
earning our bread and butter or
acquiring wealth. The pleasures
an benefits which come to one
who loves and studies plants cannot
be measured by a dollars and cents
rule. The broadening of the men-
tal horizon, a lively interest in the
natural world about us and in the
Creator of all this beauty and use-
fulness is, after all, the highest
benefit and beyond all estimate.

The efl’ect of constant association
with flowers, their beautiful tints
and subtle perfumes develops an
aesthetic and moral sense that the
most fervid poetry or eloquent ser-
mon may sometimes fail to do. An
interest once awakened in plants
is easily extended to other subjects
calculated to develop one’s mind
and character.

We need something often totake
our minds away from the discom-
forts of farm life, from worry and
fret. Shall we leave all the pleas-
ure and benefit to be derived from
such study to the professional man,
or to those alone who have leisure
and money? Who have a better
right to become acquainted with
the beauties of nature than the
farmers, their wives and children?

Agricultural College.

ING M SHIN if

HIGH ARM MACHINE $2.00 EXTRA.

Including one Year's Subscription to this Paper

We have made such arrangements as enable us to
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.v\'lv.lr‘.'ss. with the inoiiey,

GRANGE VISITOR, LANSING, MICH.

.-\ Y0l'.\'(al .VI.\‘N'S (.‘H.\ NC]-IS.

A mother who now scmls out a
son into the liiisiriess world launches
him at a time when the cliancos
are all in favor of a. young man,
writes Edward IV. Bck, in "At
Home with the Editor." in the
(lctober Lmlfrs’ Jlomr ./omvzrrl.
Business men were never more

willing to place large trusts upon _

the shoulders of young men than
they are today. “ Young blood,”
as it is called, is the life of the
modern business world, and is
everywhere sought. In New York
the demand for the right kind of
young men in all capacities is far
greater than the supply, and what
is true of New York is true of all
the large cities. Bear in mind
however. I say the right kind of
young men, and by that classifica-
tion I mean young men who are
willing to work, and work hard.
The day of the young man who
works by the clock, eagerly watch-
ing for the hour when the
oflice shall close, has gone by,
even if it ever existed. Hundreds
of young men are energetic in a
new position until its novelty
wears off and then become mere
machines whose places can be filled
at a day’s notice.

No mother need have undue
anxiety for the success of a son
who this autumn or winter steps
out into the business world, so
long as he bears in mind a few
essential points.

He must be honest above all
things, and allow nothing to con-
vince him that there is a com-
promise between honesty and dis-
honesty.

He must be an out and out be-
liever in the homely but forcible
saying that a man cannot drink
whisky and be in business.

He must, too, decide between
a society man or a business man;
he cannot be both.

He must make his life outside
the office the same as in it, and not
be possessed with the prevalent
idea that his employer has no bus-
iness to uestion his movements
outside of office hours. An em-
ployer has every right to expect
his employee to be respectable at
all times, in the office or out
of it.

Can’t you get 5 new subscribers in
your neighborhood and thus get your
paper another year free?

 

 

When a woman of such unquestion-
ably high position in New York society
as that occupied by Mrs. Burton Harri-
son consents to define the best and most
careful social laws for girls, our young
women can well afford to listen and re-
member. There is every indication for
amost agreeable interest in the series of
articles on “The Well-Bred Girl in
Society,” which Mrs. Harrison will be-
gin in the November issue of The
Ladies’ Home Journal. Mrs. Harrison
will, in this series, take up every phase
of a girl’s life in society, and point out to

her principally the mistakes it is wisest

for her to avoid. L.;_l __,,,,__,__,

 
 
 
 

  
 

 IF YOU THlNK or oomo

 NYE!'.Ԥ5 ':'A'RTH

"PUTVYOUR lNQUlFtI,ES IN
;.- WRITING AND SEND TO

GEO.   GENL. PASSR.AGENT

5 GRAND RAP|DS.MlCH-
 FULL INFORMATION PROMPTLY GIVEN.

  

 

TON  .0thsr|izes inoportionatelylc-I
UH IRlAl.'FREIGHT PAIIPWARRANTEIJ
086000 & TIIOMPSUIV, Bi/rqhamton, IV. 7

Address J. (7. GOULD, Ag’t, Paw Paw, Mich.
In writing inentlon Tim GRANGE Visiron.

F°R BET

 HAYl’R£S5‘ES

[STEEL Pnzsssg

     
   

sr'i”n'r:'ii-‘"5"
c. ‘ .
20   ’NOYo

who HATCHER MAD

can show better results . , _
Ovardfl in successful 0 i-a- ‘
tion at Decatur, Ills.. a one. I
Tho reatast hatch ever M-
comp ished, % chicks hat.ch- ‘.-
_tDI0nfl!.lIglIB,W'IEhfl%Kl0BDI‘
ci :1 t .
nutilrfiaff 0? t.$#i‘....‘§‘.r2i'...
Inclose 4 cents in strain
°*   

In writing mention Tin Games Visrron.

SHROPSHIRE SHEEP.

500 Choice Registered Shropshire Sheep for
sale; also,

SHORT-HORN AND HEREFORD CATTLE,
Clydesdale and Standard Bred Trotting lloms
And Shetland Ponies.
SPRINGDALE FARM,

J. M. TUBNIB. Pi-opr. Lansing, Mich.
In writing mention Tan GBANGI: Visrron.

The

People’s of
. Lansing
Savings Mich

Bank

Capital, $150,000.00

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WILBUR, Vice President

W. J.
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c. H. OSBAND, Cashier

We transact a general banking business. Pay
interest on time eposits. If you have any bank-

ing budness come and see us.
In writing mention Tn Gum: Visrros.

 
   
    
    

 
    




4

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

NOVEMBER 1, 1892.

THE GRANGE VISITOR

Published on the 1st and 15th of every month.

Kenyon L. Butterfleld, Editor and Malia.-gm-, 

LANSING, MICH..

To_w_hom all exchanges, communications. adver-

tising business and subscriptions should be‘

sent.

TERMS 50 Cents a Year, 25 Cents for Six ‘:
Months. Subscriptions payable in advance. 1

and discontinued at expiration, unless renewed.

§‘Rv:-mittances should be by Registered Letter, ,
t

Money Order or Dra .

m::::‘_.:::._——"._':—__*_ .. .. ‘A

Entered at the Postoflice at Lansing. Mich.. as
Second Class Matter.

Our Oifers.

I. For two new names for one year we
will send a copy of Black Beauty.

II. To any one sending in 5 new sub-
scribers for one year we will send the
Visrroa one year free.

III. To any one sending in 15 new
subscribers for one year, we will send the
set of Eliot’s works.

IV. To any one sending 30 new sub-
scribers for one year we will send Dick-
ens’ complete works.

V. To any one sending 30 new sub-
scribers for one year and $5.00 we will
send a Webster or Worcester Dictionary.
0: we will send the same for 60 new
names.

VI. For 60 new subscribers for one
year and $10.00 we will send the Com-
panion organ. Or we will send it for
120 new subscribers for one year.

_Remember, any full year subscrip-
tions sent in before Jan. 1 will be cred-
ited to Jan. 1, ’94.

Do not send stamps.

Send in your names as fast as you get
them, with the money, stating what
premium you are working for.

Begin. now.

 

The Patrons of Indiana very
kindly invite thc Patrons of Michi-
gan to attend the session of the
Indiana State Grange at Columbia
City, December 13 and 14.

 

VVe call attention to the article
on railroads by Maj. ‘V. C. Ransom;
one appeared in the last issue and
the other is on the first page of
this issue. All who are interested
in the question discussed will find
these articles most profitable, as
they are written by a man who
knows whereof he is speaking.

 

The authorities of the Michigan
Experiment Station are anxious to
circulate their bulletins more wide-
ly. These bulletiiis are documents
valuable to the farmer and the only
expense necessary is in buying a
postal card and sending it to the
Secretary of the Agricultural Col-
lege, with the request written
thereon that the bulletins be re-
gularly sent to your address.

 

Capital Grange held a successful
fair at their hall, October 15. The
plan originated last year and aims
tohave a show of vegetables, grains,
fruits, flowers. fancy work, art, etc.
Premiums are given as at any other
fair. Dinner is also served and -.1
social time enjoyed. The idea is
also to have those who received first
premiums to tell in subsequent
meetings “How they did it.”
Possibly other Granges will find it
pleasant and profitable to try this
scheme next year.

 

BIRD RAPE.

The Michigan College had 13
acres of bird rape on its hands this
fall. Instead of plowing it under
there were turned on it 126 lambs.
In 26 days they had made way with
the fodder and had made an aver-
age gain of 15 pounds per lamb, or
about one-half as much as it is ex-
pected they would have made on
the fodder rape.

AN N 0 UNOEM EN T.

We are glad to announce a se-

ries of articles by Prof. James Mc-
Bride of the Agricultural College,
on Political Economy, to begin in
our next issue.
interest all our readers but will be
specially instructive to the young-
er portion. We also expect a short-
er series to begin January 15, on
dairyi,ng contributed by Prof. P.
M. Harwood.

We hope that every Grange in
Michigan will take up one or both
of these series in this way: Have
some one read the article at the

These articles will ~‘

meeting, discuss it thoroughly,
sendin to the VISITOR any questions
you wish answered, and have these
read, as they appear. ‘V9 are sure
that Patrons will get great good
from the method.

 

A 1\'ATIO.V’S SORROIV.
Bearing the title of no oflicial
. position, crowned with none of the
.1 honors that belong more exclusive-

Ifijly to men, yet having the love of with in

f a whole nation, Mrs. Harrison pass-
led away. The country mourns
l with the stricken husband——mourns
ibecause this sorrow is the type of
la sorrow that comes to many-
lmourns because of a home made
desolate and a sacred union sev-
ered——mourns because the heart of
a great man is left lonely. When
the nation thus speaks of the
character of this woman, it honors
noble and pure womanhood; when
it recalls the perfect home thus
made dreary, it honors the hearth-
stones of the land; when it realizes
the happy union thus broken, it
reverences the sacred ties of wed-
lock. Let these deep lessons grow
from the sorrow and bereavement.

 

C()Ll.'_’l[BIAN AGRICULTURAL
REPORT.

The State Board of Agriculture
have decided to issue their next
rcportin the fa mm of a "Colu1nl)ia11”
volume. It is designed to con-
tain a history of agriculture in
Michigan, together with special
articles on the various farm crops,
wheat. corn, roots, etc; ciisilage,
dairying and cliecsc making. The
different breeds of stock will also
have space given them. All these
articles will be written by men
prominent in their respective lines
in Michigan. The farmers’ organiza-
tions will be treated iii the same
way. Special crops not much
known will be spoken of. Besides
these features the various other
leading industries of the State will
be given each an article. This will
make a valuable book and no doubt
it will be appreciated by the farin-
ers of the State.

 

FOUR HUNDRED YEARS.

The eyes of the western world
are turned back along the pages of
history to the figure of a brave man,
who in defiance of the accepted be-
liefs of his people and age, and in
spite of the almost stupendous fool-
hardiness of an ocean voyage of
unknown extent. nevertlicless bold-
ly and confidently set out upon a
marvelously grand, and what proved
to a completely successful under-
taking. More than we have ever
done before do we appreciate the
event and the man. the memory of
which we celebrate. Columbus
has always been a sort of myth to
the average mind of the American,
but now are we coming to realize
the work he did. Let us honor his
memory as it deserves and learn
well the lessons his life teaches us.

The progress of the world since
the day of Columbus is remarkable.
We have reason to be proud of our
part, as a nation, in this advaiice-
ment. We have reason for some
self glorification. And the end is
not yet. “"9 arc but at the thresh-
old of our prosperity. We but
dimly realize that which is to come.
Let us celebrate our success in re-
joicing and gladness and with hope
for the grander future.

Y0 (TR V0 TE.

How are you going to vote at the
coming election? Not with what
party—we do not mean that so
mucl1—~ but on what principle will
you cast your ballot‘? Do you vote

 

because it is your right, or because
it is your privilege, or because it is
your duty? Do you vote for the
sake of any great moral or political
principle? Is your party allegi-
ance given because you actually

'believe in the platform and per-
lformances of that party, or do you
do it because your father was of
the same political persuasion?
3 These are home questions, especial-
ly to a young man. VVe fear that
fthe inestimable privilege of pos-
asessing a ballot is not recognized
5 by many of our people. Too often
also do men fail to see the burden
of duty that the privilege brings
The solemnity of voting
is not always appreciated. In
reality the franchise brings with it
If one of the most sacred of duties
. that an American can perform, for
3 upon its right use depends the
j whole structure of our liberty.
:iYour vote only counts one? Yes,
; but it counts one, and carries with
fit the same force as does the ballot
iof any other man. The most ser-
fious menace to our institutions is
j the decadence of patriotism in the
‘form of not caring to exercise the
right of suffrage. Honorable and
honest men refrain from voting be-
cause they do not care to mingle
in politics. They are in a sense
committing treason to their coun-
try when they thus fail in such a
duty.

Young men, cast your vote Nov.
8. Cast it for the men whom you
wish to ace placed in oflicc. Cast
it with the feeling that you are an
American citizen. (‘ast it because
it is your duty.

 

THE JIFG’ lVl'1lIP.

There are various definitions for
this species of the genus homo.
The meaning given the term would
depend very largely upon whom
fell the responsibility of defining it.
The average partisan has no use
for a mugwump and would probably
scathingly remark the fact if given
opportunity. The maligned inug-
wuinp himself might plausibly
defend his odd title by hinting at
the real cause of the said partisan’s
unfriendliness.

Like many otlicrolasses of pnnple
the ranks of the mugwumps are
filled with a varied assortment.
There are the “sorelieads,”——~those
who failed to secure what seemed
to them just recognition for their
invaluable services to some political
party. Then there are the“cranks,”
—men who have become imbued
with some one idea, the propulsion
of which against the iiiiiiioralities
and abuses of the time would shatter
the opposing forces. Then there
are the honest, independent men,
~-men who for conscience sake are
willing to undergo the maledict-ions
of their former political friends, -
men of whom it can be said, “ Their
party was not worthy of them.”

But whatever of ignominy may
attach to the name of mugmump
at the present day, we believe there
will come a time when it will be
honored and respected. When men
are willing to see that party fealty
is not always the highest virtue:
when political parties are compelled
to recognize that American citizens
are not sheep to be led in flocks at the
bidding of political manipulators;
when the parties are willing to in-
corporate more of living, burning,
vital principles into their plat-
forms; when honest political heresy
is regarded as less a sin than un-
thinking political orthodoxy,--— then
will the independent voter, the
mugmump, be given his due of
respect and credit.

 

T0 TEACHERS.

We send copies of this issue of
the GRANGE VISITOR to several
thousand of the teachers of Michi-
gan, and to many others who are
interested in teaching. We believe
that the VISITOR contains material
in each issue which the district
school teachers of Michigan ought
to read. Every issue discusses
economic questions. We have
some of the best men in the state

iwriting for us on these topics.
 Any one who is teaching needs to
i know of these questions.

f Moreover we shall begin in our

;'next issue a series of articles on 3

T Political Economy, written by Prof.
;Jas. McBride of the Agricultural
; College. These will be written
; with a View to interest the teachers,

1 the older pupils, and the young 5
.« people of the farm generally, in the ,
They ‘

‘elements of this subject.
jwill be written so that all can
5 understand.
janswered through the VISITOR.
 VVe also have the promise of a few
articles on some simple experi-
ments in chemistry for the use of
teachers. '

‘ Then, too, we are offering such
premiums as should induce teach-
ers to try to obtain some of them
for themselves or their schools.
Look over our list and see if you
can not, in the next four or five
Weeks, secure one of our premiums.

Even if you are not a teacher
you cannot fail to be interested in
the paper, and in our premium
offers as well.

The price is low, only :50 cents
per year, and if you subscribe now
you will get the paper for the rest
of this year free.

If you wish to take some other
leading paper 01' magazine look
over our clubbing list, which will
appear next issue. lVc can save
money for you every time.

Give the Visiron a trial. tear.-liers,
and we believe you will not regret
the small invcstinciit.

 

M A011 I NE POLITICS,

In even a higher sense of the
term than is usually applied to it,
the politics of this country is man-
aged on a “machine” basis. Thor-
ough organization, from top to bot-
tom, is the watchword of the
successful politician. It seems
necessary thus to perfect an organ-
ization, for, other things being
equal, it makes the (litfermmc
between party success or failure.
When every voter in the United
States is made the object of personal
attention by a political party, and
pressure of one kind or another is
brought to bear upon him for his
vote, it means that the party hav-
ing the most perfect system of
doing the work will be most success-
ful at the -polls.

But however desirable this plan
may be as viewed by political manag-
ers, there is no question but that
evils follow in its wake. Bribery
of voters is rendered much easier,
corruption is a short step from
shrewdncss. And indeed the very
fact that there is so systematic an
effort made to capture votes
affords a temptation to the manag-
ers. The legitimate expenses are
also largely increased by this
system, and from an economic stand-
point alone the plan is open to
objections.

Then too what good reason is
there for bringing national issues
into local elections? Assuming
that the tariff and the silver ques-
tion are the leading issues of the
present national campaign, what
difference does it make in the actual
solution of these matters as to what
party occupies municipal, county
and even State offices? Why should
the tariff question decide the pol-
itical complexion of a common
council or of aboard of supervisors?
What have they to do with the
tarifl’? Are there not local issues
upon which the people will divide
and should divide rather than to
drag in a national issue? What
difference does it make as to the
fitness of a man to administer the
office of sheriff, if he believes in
the free coinage of silver or does
not? Are the public assured of
any better protection to their prop-
erty because this oificer believes
in a tariff on wool? And yet our

Questions will be‘

officials are in nearly all instances
lielected upon some such basis.
§Viewed in this light is not the
isystem absurd?

But of course it is easier to find
jfault than to suggest a remedy.
jThe evil is an aknowledged one,
jbut no reformer has as yet pro-
jduced a cure. The political sys-
tem is so strongly established and
the prejudices of men are so firmly
jfixeil, that anything short of a
icomplete revolution in sentiment
‘would fail of effectiveness. It is
‘evident, however, that in some
*‘ way, and to as great an extent as is
; possible, there should be a divorce
between national and local politics.
With the exception of members of
the legislature there need be no
good reason why established party
lines should form the basis of nom-
inations for any offices within the
State. It may be convenient to
thus divide, but there is no reason
why it should be necessary to do
so. Certainly the county, town,
and municipal offices should be
placed on a different basis. This
evil is more apparent in cities
than anywhere else, and already
men are studying to avoid the
well known effects which are sure
to follow continued municipal con-
trol by onc great political party.
And though the rural districts do
not sulfur so much,thc principle is
similar and similar 1'cmcdics must
be applied.

Patrons can help keep up the paper
by patronizing our iulvcrtisers.

 

lteiidcrs will assist the prosperity
of the paper by patronizing; our adver-
tisers.

GE.\"l‘ LEM ANLY WUM EN.

 

Women have been Billingsgate
fish women, and plowed with a
cow as a yoke fellow, and there
was no talk about their “usurping
the place of men." writes Mrs.
Lyman Abbott in her popular de-
partment, “Just Among Ourselves,”
in the October Ladies Home
Juiuwul. They were so like the
Billingsgate man and the donkey
that the world was not stirred to
save them from being unsexed. If
the “modern maiden,” with an in-
heritance of refinement and edu-
cation, and with possibilities far
beyond those which the gentle
maiden of a hundred years ago,
trained to stand straight by being
strapped to “back boards,” and to
converse sweetly by practicing
“prime” and “prism,” and to make
rose conserves and fine lace, could
by the wildest stretch of imagina-
tion conceive——if, I say, this
young woman is going to become a
swaggering fop, or a bluff boor,
she is throwing away her birth-
right for a. mess of garbage. Girls,
I beg of you, mothers, I implore
you, to keep sacred every gentle
grace of womanhood. It is your
right. Do not let a false social
standard, or a discouraged heart,
wrest it from you. If you have-
leisure, and live in a city, beware
how you sink below the manners
of a gentleman while you array
yourself in the garb of one. The
country is quite as much in dan-
ger. She may be “loud” in her
fashions and in her conduct, and I
know of no place where there is
more painful exhibition of un-
womanliness on the part of young
girls than on village streets. A
girl who from babyhood is nur-
tured in the spirit of a noble
graciousness, though she live in
the humblest cottage, will be a
lady always.

 

Order the goods you need (from our
advertisers.)

The VISITOR is for every
farmer, whether he is a. Granger
or not.

The complete novel in the November
number of Lippincotfis Magazine,
“More than Kin,” is from the well-
known pen of Marion Harland. It is a
tale of love, sorrow, and misunderstand-
ing, in which one domestic tragedy nar-
rowly misses bringing in another; but
darkness gives way to light at last.

 —

Bro. Thos. Reeve of Capital
Grange, whose death occurred re-
cently, was a charter member and
one of the most earnest workers
of that Grange.


        

NOVEMBER .1, 1892.

GET READY FOR Tllll STATE GRANGE.

DEAR BROTHERS AND S1sTEas—
This means something more than
going to the State Grange—~it
means preparation. We know it is
necessary to secure some one com-
petent to keep the house, do the
chores, care for the children and
have an eye to things in general
while you are gone. Do not think
when you have a new gown, hat,
coat, etc., and have attended to all
home matters that you are ready,
you are only partly ready.

You are to represent the Granges
of your county in the State Grange
—-to stand in their place. Their
interest should be your interest,
their wants your wants. And for
their interests you are expected to
legislate, and not only for their
interests, but for the interest of
every Grange in the State.

There is not a Grange in the
State that does not demand the
careful consideration, and the un-
divided attention of every member
of the State Grange. VVhat are
the needs of your Grange? What
has been the heaviest burden you
have borne this past year as a
Grange? What are you striving
for?

All of these needs should be care-
fully canvassed by you, thoroughly
digested in order that you may
receive just the help from the
State meeting that your Grange
demands from you.

We are sure after the requests
from Miss Allis in regard to an
annual word for the Pomona
Granges, you have discussed this
matter among your own members
and have arrived at some definite
understanding as to what you want
to say and do about it. After the
request made for funds for the
building of the Grange Temple at
Washington you will be able to say
and do as you think is for the best
about that also.

Is there something needed in
the repeal of State laws that seem
unjust, or the enactment of new
laws that seems much to be desired?
Is there an anxiety for the enforce-
ment of some good laws that are now
on our statute books as dead let-
- ters? Get ready on all these issues
and then be ready to do your part
in bringing about the desired
results.

Are you all ready on the free
delivery of mail question? the jus-
tice or injustice of ‘the present
mortgage tax law? Are you satis-
fied with the present plans of car-
ing for our highways? If not, be
ready to suggest a better. Are you
ready to put in just the best work
for the GRANGE VISITOR? Are
you ready with suggestions for the
good of the order? Ready to tell
us just how you have doubled your
membership this past year—how
you secured that large club for our
, Grange paper—how you make your
1 Grange so interesting that your
members are there early, ready to
open at the minute~how you get
through with your. program so as
to close at ten o’clock sharp?

Do not come just to be enter-
tained and have a good time—come
full of plans for work--«to give good
as Well as get good, and you will
have a good time.

Just another thought: Can you
not bring to the State Grange some-
thing better than all else that we
have suggested? The son and
daughter? The State Grange like
every subordinate Grange needs
young life and energy. It needs
the young people, and they need
the State Grange. We want to see
them and know them, with all of
life before them; with hope bright
above them and a faith that shines
forth bright and clear and a great
love for everything that is
beautiful, good and true; we need
their presence with us. They will
go back full of zeal for the work,
bearing with them impressions re-
reived from some of our noble men
and women, that shall strengthen
in them the noble precepts of our
order. M. A. MAYO.

 

OFFICIAL INSPEC'I‘ION
IN FRANCE.

OF MILK

The French authorities have at
last “taken the bull by the horns,”
in order to calm the anxieties of
, the public respecting the consump-
 1', tion of milk from undiseased cows.
5 Paris dairymen must henceforth
? when stocking their sheds, produce
a certificate from the official veterin-
ary surgeon in whose district the
animal has been purchased, that
‘the milch cow is free from organic
 disease, and they must also advise
]\ ' the similar functionary in the city,

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

of the arrival of the purchase. As
a further protection all dairy cattle
are to be inspected monthly by the
government veterinary surgeon,
who is also empowered to report on
the sanitary condition of housing
of the stock.

These measures are not untimely,
in presence of the heavy human
mortalityin the capital from tuber-
culose alfections, of the augment-
ing employment of milk as a diet,
and of the communication of tuber-
culosis by milk from diseased cows,
a fact now placed beyond contro-
versy.

Dr. Smester, of Normandy sends,
milk to Paris in a perfect sweet
condition, without resorting to any
extraneous agents for its conserva-
tion save extreme cleanliness. To
sterilize the microbes in milk, the
Pasteur plan of heating the liquid
and then rapidly cooling down, is
resorted to. A temperature of 158
to 167 degrees Fah., does not kill
the sceptic animalcules; it rather
checks the rapidity of their multi-
plication. Professor Duclaux has
shown that even at boiling point,
vitality is not conquered in the
ferment germs,that an additional
12 degrees is necessary to make
sure. Highly heated milk loses
none of its nutritive qualities but
acquires the cooked flavor that so
many dislike. Milk thus treated
and placed in vessels that have
been steam scalded, will when
hermetically sealed, that which pre-
vents watering and skimming, keep
for a long time.

IN'I‘ELLlGEN'I‘ EFFORT l’ROSI’ERS.

How often we hear that “the rich
are getting richer and the poor are
getting poorer.” This is a great
mistake. If we look about us we
will find hundreds of rich persons
becoming poor and thousands of
the poor becoming rich. Young
men growing up are apt at times to
be discouraged by hearing so much
about the rich of our country mon-
opolizing everything. ‘V9 who
are interested in the welfare of the
youth of our land should take great
interest in teaching that it is the
intelligent man now who is pros-
pering. There is no question but
what the intelligent are getting
richer and the ignorant getting
poorer. The fact is, the day
has come when ignorant labor

of any kind is a drug on the
market, and there has never been
a time when intelligent labor hae
been more in demand. Thers
seems to be no end to the demand
for the man who is up in his line
of work, who is intelligent, vigorous
and prompt. Young men on farms
and everywhere will find a sharp
demand for their labor if they
earnestly seek to become thorough-
ly intelligent in whatever they
undertake. It is the intelligent
man today that we need on our
farms, in our factories, oflices,
stores and other places. I was
prompted to write the above from
overhearing two young men——far-
mers—talking this matter over.
One said there was no chance for
the poor man.—STANFoaD, in
Country Gentleman.

IIOLYROOD PALACE.

Although it is years since I
visited this old palace, yet it so
fresh in my memory that it seems
only yesterday since I rambled
through the cloisters and ruined
chapel so rich in romance and
famous in story.

Holyrood palace is beautifully
situated in the old part of Edin-
burgh, Scotland. It was formerly
the residence of the Scottish kings
and was erected in the fourteenth
century. It is built of large square
blocks of gray stone and is quad-
rangular in form with an open
court 94 feet square in the center.

Adjoining the palace is the
ruined abbey foundedin 1128. On
the east side and almost within a
stone’s throw of the palace are the
green slopes of Arthur’s Seat
standing out against the sky. This
is a high mountain, and from its
peak one can obtain a complete
view of Edinburgh and see the
center of the kingdom, the whole
forming a sight hardly to be sur-
passed in Great Britain.

Separated from Arthur’s Seat by
a deep ravine are Salisbury Craigs
rearing their rugged outlines in
dewy mists from the meadow lands
below. There I once witnessed a
review of the Scottish troops, a part
of which were stationed on Arthur’s
Seat, and another on the crai 5.

At the front or south side 0 the
palace stands an exquisite fountain,
octagonal in form at the base, and

surrounded by a circular basin.
The fountain is divided into three
stages surmounted by an imperial
crown which is upheld by four
guardsmen. This crown forms a
cistern from which the Water flows,
and comes gushing out from lion’s
mouths into the basin below.

VVithin the palace whose halls
once resounded with the mirth of
the young and gay all is silent and
but a few relics are left to tell of
past glories. Here were crowned
the kings and queens of Scotland;
here James II was married to Mary
Guelders, and James III to Marga-
ret of France.

At the east side stands the chapel
Royal, once a noble structure, and
noble still even in decay. It was with-
in this grand ruin and just beneath
the great mullioned window that
the beautiful but unfortunate Queen
Mary plighted her troth in an evil
hour to the foolish and dissipated
Darnley. In August, 1561, Queen
Mary came from France to take
char e of her kingdom: Think of
it. nly eighteen, a widow and
queen of a nation. She landed on
the pier of Leith amid the accla-
mations of the people, then mounted
a white palfrey which was await-
ing her and with her maids of honor
was escorted by the Scottish troops
to the palace. Arriving there she
entered the arched doorway, passed
through the halls up the winding
stairway into the room where she
must have gazed upon the hills and
mountains that I have seen, _and
which I have tried to describe to
you. How beautiful it must have
seemed to her and how merciful,
that she could not then look into
the dark future that had such ter-
rible things in store for her.

The room that Queen Mary oc-
cupied as I remember it, was a
large, airy apartment, with windows
facing east, south and west. It is
a pleasant looking room and not in
such a ruinous condition as one
would suppose; the ceiling and
walls are good. All that remains
of the furniture is a round table, a
chair and a little low iron bedstead.
I cannot tell whether Queen Mary
reposed on that or not. There is
a piece of blanket, said to be hers,
laid on top of the bedspread, about
the size of my hand, which looks
as if it had been the abode of
moths for some time.

On one side of the room is a
doorway, but instead of a door
being there as in our houses, there
is what looked to me like a picket
gate about six feet high and made
of iron. This opened into a long
corridor which communicates with
the lower apartments by a praivate
stairway. On the floor and near
this gate or iron door are some
stains, said to have been made when
Rizzio met such a violent death at
the hands of Douglass.

Within the walls of the chapel,
at the back of the palace, worship-
ped the nobility of long ago who are
now peacefully sleeping beneath
the marble flagstones which mark
their resting places. These stones
are overgrown with moss and the
inscriptions upon them can scarcely
be deciphered. Among the graves
are those of David II, James II
and James V, kings who once
reigned over auld Scotia.
Holyrood Palace is to me one of
the most interesting objects in my
native land. "AN ALIEN.

 

0 UR GRAIN EXHIBIT.

Michigan’s Grain Exhibit at
Columbian Exposition promises to
equal any of the States in the Union,
and give credit to the grain growers
as they well deserve.

The exhibit is composed of sam-
ples from all the counties in the
State, gathered together by Mr.
Belden, and representatives at fairs
and expositions.

They are all shipped to the
Michigan Agricultural College,
where they are prepared for exhibi-
tion, in the shape of from one to two
quarts of grain, and 12 ears of each
variety of corn, also samples of un-
threshed grain in straw.

I have shipped several hundred
varieties, growth of 1892,which were
exhibited at Detroit Exposition,
taking first premium and sweep-
stakes prize for best and largest
exhibit of grain, over other large
exhibits.

If any of the farmers who can
secure or have extra nice samples
of grain, and corn in particular, will
ship them to the College, where
due credit will be given (the Col-
lege will pay freight charges), they
will confer an honor to the State,
as well as themselves.

‘ENOTH

5

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We want to call your attention to the

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cloth is used and the embossing is in ink and gold, from original design.

Charles Dickens is eminently the novelist of the people. Ilis works teem with shafts
of sparkling wit, touches of pathos, thrusts of satire; his characters are original and real
as well as quaint and grotesque; he unmasks vice in all its forms. The lights and
shadows of life are delineated in a thrilling and dramatic style. To own a complete set
of his incomparable books is to be possessed of an inexhaustible mine of interesting
literature. No person is well read who has not perused then.

 

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OLD CURIOSITY Snor,
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MYSTERY os Iinwnv Daoon, Cnn.n's I'IlS’l‘()RY or ENGLAND

This set set of books is worthy a place in every home. The handsome dressing of
this edition will place them in the best libraries in the land while

OUR REMARKABLE OFFER

insures a set going to those of the most limited means.

This set of DICKENS will be sent to anyone who will send us
THIRTY NEW FULL YEAR SUBSCRIBERS at 50 cents each.

Receiver to pay express charges. Address,
THE GRANGE VISITOR, Lansing, Mich.

us‘? 3‘:\’lZ.

We will send

GEORGE ELl0T’S GOMPLBTE WORKS

In Six Volumes, similar in style and binding to the set of
Dickens offered above, for

Fiffeen New Names

At 50 cents each, receiver to pay express. If you want either of
these sets for your Grange Hall, or your school room, or your
library, begin canvassing at once. You will soon secure the
needed number. Send for samples of THE VISTOR if you need
them.

’ m

lll

THE GRANGE VISITOR, Lansing, Mich.

EVERY SCHOOL ROOM
GRANGE HALL
HOUSEHOLD .

Should have a DICTIONARY. We offer the BEST on terms tliat
will enable you to secure one. r

 
    
  
  

, It is not necessary to prove the value of a
WEBSTER, but it is sufficient to say that
he book we ofier is the regular $10.00 edition
l f this well-known Dictionary. Webster’s
International has always a world standing.

YOU NEED IT! ,-
YOU WANT IT! ‘I
you CAN HAVE IT!

By sending us

Thirty New Names

At FTY GEN TS each, and $5.00 cash. Raise $5.00 at your school

entertainment or Grange social and secure 30 names in your neighbor-
hood and the book is yours. We do not pay express charges but they
are light. VVe will send this Dictionary for 60 New Names at 500 each.
To those who prefer we will send Worcester’s Dictionary on the same
terms, TIIE GRANGE VISITOR, Lansing, Mich.


 

6

,.....L,.

..I.,‘

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

.__._......_.,,,,......~..,,,_i,. ., ,

NOVEMBER 1, 1892.

‘ Ladies’ Department.

IN SCHOOL DAYS.

Still sits the school-house by theroad
A ragged _ ;

Around it st the sumachs grow
And blackberry vines are running.

Within the master’s desk is seen,
Dee _ by raps oflicial,
The wfl-_l'Di 390:. the battered seats,

e Jack- e’s carved initial

The charcoal frescoes on the wall;
Ite door's worn sill be ' g
The fact that, creeping slow to school,

Went storming out to playing.

Long years ago a Winter sun
_Shone over it at setting;

Lit u its western window panes
And) low eaves’ icy fretting.

It touched the tangled golden curls,
And brown e es ull of grievi
Of one who st‘ her steps delay
hen all the school were leaving.

For near her stood the _little boy,
Her childish favor singled,
His cap pulled low upon a face.
here pride and shame were mingled.

Pushing with restless feet the snow
To right and left, he lingered,
As restlessly her tiny hands,
The blue-checked apron fingered.

He saw her lift her eyes, he felt
The soft hands light caressing. _
And heard the trembling of her voice

As if a fault confessing.

“ I’m sorry,.that I spelt the word,
I hate to go above you.

Because," the brown eyes lower fell——
“ Because, you see, I love you!”

Still memory to a gray-haired man
That sweet child face is showing,

Dear girl. the grasses on her grave
Have forty years been growing.

He lives to learn in life’s hard school,
How few who pass above him
Lament their triumph and his loss
Like her—because they love him.
-——Boyhood Poem of John G. Whittier.

 

ONE OF WlIITTIER’S LAST POEMS.

[The three-page poem by John
G. Whittier, which appears in the
November S1‘. lVichol(Ls Magazine,
commemorates the visit of a party
of young girls to the poet’s home,

we accepted the proffered hospital-
ity of Bro. Greene and wife, and
not only rested but most thorough-
ly enjoyed visiting with these dear
friends.

The next morning Sister Greene
chartered the horse and carriage to
take us on to the next appointment
which was Birmingham. We dined
with the Master of Birmingham
Grange, Bro. Caleb Jackson who,
by the way, is a son-in-law of Bro.
Greene. Birmingham Grange has
a sad record, and we think without
a parallel in the State. From a
Grange numbering above one
hundred, it is now reduced below
forty, most of its members having
passed away by death. I was in-
formed by one of its members that
for five years its charter had not
been without its draping of crape
for some loved one, and that forty
of their number had died.

The heart of the whole Grange
seemed almost dead; sadness seem-
ed written upon its walls. Here
was Sister Satterley’s home. Our
“Chloe” as we always knew her in
the GRANGE Visiron. We remem-
bered how she loved the Order,
how eagerly she championed its
work. Others here were just as
loyal as she, and we could but feel
that the sweet memories coming up
from beneath the grass, grown
graves of those that had in their
vigor mantaincd the organization
would stimulate those still left to
carry on the good work.

Brother Jackson’s roof was our
shelter for the night. and again in
company with Sister Greene we
started for Pontiac Grange. VVc
stopped here at another son-in-law
of Sister G1'eene’s, Charles Shat-

n the evenin the ve us ood
will and Godgspeed. ga g
We addressed this Grange and
inspected it as well as we could in
its secret work. This is one of the
best regulated, best kept Grange
halls it has ever been our good
fortue to visit. Bro. Foster is
keeper of the books, and his fidelity
and faithfulness in all business en-
ter prizes speak for him as a worthy
keeper of its records. At his home
we were taken for rest and enter-
tainment, _and the next morning
his daughter took both Bro. Foster
and ourself to the train, he enroute
for the fair at Pontiac and we en-
route for home. Thus endeth the
first chapter in our experience as
Grange inspector.
Of the necessity of the work we
are more than ever persuaded.

Some Granges have never received
proper instruction in the secret
work. Some have worked well for
a season and then grown careless
and indifferent. Some have the
work nearly perfect and vary but
little, while others work well.

We would wish here to say that
everywhere we were most kindly
received. The criticisms we felt
it our duty to make; the instructions
we felt it necessary to give; the lit-
tle side lectures we indulged in
were all received in such a kindly
spirit, without the least ill feeling,
that we could but realize it was a
more than a common brotherhood
that bound us together.

Yours for the work.
l\IAnY A. MAYO.

 

COMMITTEES ON WOMAN’S WORK.

DEAR SIsTEns»The time of the

help make farm life as enjoyable as
city life. Resolve to have a circle,
and remember “where there is a
will, there is a way.” The process
is very simple. Send to Mr. John
M. Hall, Flint, for circulars, con-
sult a few leadin spirits and call
a meeting, wide y announcing it
and personally inviting all who are
likely to be interested. VVork
hopefully and persistently and a
circle can be started in any place.

OUR SCHOOLS’ GREATEST TASK.

 

The statistics of the United
States census bureau show that in
eleven states and two territories, in
1890, there were more children
between the ages of five and seven-
teen who were either foreign-born
or the children of foreign-born
parents than there were native
white children of the same age.

In several of these States and
territories the disproposition was
very great, so that in the public
schools an American child of
American parentage was almost
an oddity.

In the whole of the United States
there are nearly five and a half
million children between the ages
of five and seventeen who were
either born in foreign countries or
have foreign parents. They are, in
fact, more than one-third of all the
children in the country between
these ages.

Every such foreign child may
well be quite as good an “American”
as a child whose ancestors came
over in the English J[u.,1/fl()u.*cr or
the Dutch Gocdc l'ro1ucc. Indeed,
American children of native race
are often surpassed in stout “Amer-

and how can we make ours such
an one?

How shall we best interest our
Grange?

Our duty to our district sc%ools.

2:.

R-AIl’S HORN TOOTINGS.

 

 

Hurry is the handmaid of wort .

The devil is afraid of the smi e
that is born in an honest heart.

You can’t keep people from
wanting water by throwing stones
at the pump.

The man who is running for
office has no such word in his
dictionary as rest.

The main reason why some men
have cross wives is because they
are surly themselves.

There isn’t one man in a dozen
who will take the word of a
preacher in a horse trade.

How soon you can see the faults
in a horse you have traded for
after you get home. with him.

It never makes an unruly boy
feel a bit like repenting to tell
him, with a whip in your hand,
[that he is bad. _

As long as prize fighting pays
better than preaching, the devil
will appear to be having his own
way in some sections.

; There are some people in the
'church who would hurt the devil’s
cause a great deal if they were to
leave it. .

It is only now and then that the

ord ever succeeds in making
much ofa Christian out of a stingy
man.

 

_‘V()TI(.'E that all yearly sIil)scrib-
ers sent before Jan. 1, '93, will be

 

It COIlt8.i11S lille following lines, (‘l‘(‘(llle(l to Jan. 1, ’SH, thus getting‘

State Grange mwting is not £31‘ in I icanlslll” by f0r<'lgI1-l)<>l‘ll £‘l1l1d“‘n- l the impel‘ free for the rest ofthis year.

the future, at which time I am c_\’-{ Yet the child of foreign-born I
_pectcd (and I wish to do it) to pre. 4 parents, who is _ge_1ierally without  , , , , V , V , H
lpare my report as chairman of the the home associations which ‘ 53” "’”m‘‘ M "'5 '0

. . . . Y0? Illa‘!-."l‘l.\'(‘ or rm: NA'l‘l0N.\
1 state committee, It, will be very with long rcsidence in the ('.O1lIltl‘-:\', f I

which have a peculiar significance fuck’ Mm‘ Grefinezs daughter be‘ 
now that the good Quaker poet has i 1n§€V*\(IaS_t:1é°f thlts (’1'{1'a(§1v%"Z[‘hat this
passed away:] ‘ " “1 Orr)’ ‘’ H .

“I W,()‘1ldn0tif would rema, lGrangc has abandoned holding

A life which still_1s good and sweet; nlegfings in a hall but go froln
I keep in age. as in my prime,

 

THE
1.
GIIANGE.

A not unclieorfiil stop with time,
And, grateful for all blessings sent,
I go the common way, content

To make no new experiment.

On easy terms with law and fate,
For what must be I calmly wait.
And trust the path I cannot see!
That God is good sutiiceth me.

And when at last upon llfe’s play
The curtain falls. I only pray

That h: pe may lose itself in truth,
And age in Heaven’s immortal youth,
And all our loves and longings prove
The foretaste of diviner love!"

 

GRANGE INSPECTION SERVICE.

Acting under the authority of
the officers of our State Graiige——
we began in September our inspec-
tion of Grnnges. The Patrons
may question why so late in the day
beginning work that should have
received attention earlier in the
year? We can explain this we
think to your entire satisfaction.
It takes about two months after
the meeting of the State Grange
for the subordinate Granges to get
into good running order. Then
some time was consumed in perfect-
ing plans and arranging for this
inspection service. And as soon
as we were ready for work the
heavy and long protracted rains of
the spring began. When there
seemed to be a clearing of skies
and a boding of better days, we
notified several counties that we'
were ready to come to visit them
and look over their work.

Their reply was invariably the
same. “As much as we would like
to have you, we do not deem it
expedient at present. The pro-
tracted rainfall has so delayed the
getting in of our crops that we can
not feel it wise to now plan a
series of meetings in our county.”
This was the universal excuse, and
it was right. The season‘ was
rapidly advancing and every mo-
ment must be employed as soon as
teams and hands could possibly get
afield. Then came the haying
harvest, and the usual after-harvest
picnics. Seeding was soon here
after the .oat harvest; so now
you see why we could not do our
field work in the Grange until so
late in the year.

Bro. Crosby, our State Lecturer,
very kindly planned the canvass
for us in Oakland County where
we began our campaign. It was
such a help too, every stake was
properly set, and we had only to
follow its lead. N oyii v]:_‘as our first
sto in place, an armington
ourpfirstg Grange. Here we found
a. hall filled with eager listeners.
Among the many friends who kind-
ly greeted us here was Bro. Crosby,
Brother and Sister Greene. After
a. public address the Grange assem-
bled in closed session and we close-
ly inspected their secret work.
Here we found a good following of
the ritual, 9. clear understanding of
the signs and symbols both by
Master and Patrons. That night

house to house. The result has
not sccmed to be for the best. ‘Vs
held at Mr. Sl1attuck’s a parlor
meeting. All the members present
seemed determined not to let their
Grange die. Here we found Bro.
Charles Bartlett and wife, who have
so frequently made sweet melody
for us at the State Grange by duct
and solo. Also Madam Shattuck,
who was once a regular contributor
to this paper. ‘Vs were sorry to
find both herself and Mr. Shattuck
in very poor health.

We did all we could for Pontiac
Grange, advising and counseling
with them as to the best plan for
future work. One thing they there
determined upon and that was to
rent a hall and have a Grange
home.

The next morning we bade good
bye to Sister Greene and set our
face toward Rochester.

Here a little lad met us, a son of
Brother Snook, who in a very manly
way took us to his home. We were
cordially welcomed by Brother and
Sister Snook and family. We
spent a pleasant half day here
looking over the farm and barns
and watching the filling of the silo.
In the afternoon we attended a
meeting of Rochester Grange. A
goodly number were in attendance
and we tried to help them in ex-
plaining and expounding the prin-
ciples of the Order. With Bro.
Snook as Master, his son John as
Secretary and the earnest faithful
membership of such men as Van
Hoosen, Norton and others we feel
assured of the prosperity of this
Grange.

The next morning Mrs. Snook
took us to the train for Orion.
Here we found that the Grange had
arranged for a public dinner and
lecture and gave us a royal welcome.
The venerable Brother Andrus
presided at this meeting.

The next day we sat with this
Grange in closed session and ex-
amined them carefully in their
secret work. Here we found a
most excellent system of book-
keeping——in fact it was correct in
every part. We think Bro. Coon
has reason to be proud of his books
and the Grange reason to be proud
of their Secretary.

Our dear friends Mrs. C. K.
Carpenter and daughter entertain-
ed us over Sunday and on Monday
we went to Clarkston, no one being
at the depot to meet us, according
to instructions, so we tooka hack for
Brother Holcomb’s. Here we found
by experience what the fraternity
of the Grange is. They knew
not of our coming, and did not
even know who we were until we
had introduced ourselves. But no
one could have been kinder or
given us a more royal welcome.

And as we left again for Clarkston

necessary for me to hear from each
subordinate committee in the State
ere my report can be complete, and
I hope you will, through your
chairman, report to me at once.
Please do not defer writing to me,
but let me hear from every com-
mittce by the middle of N ovembcr.
Yours for the work,
MARY A. NIAYO,
Battle Creek.

GAIL IIAMILTONS GOOD ADVICE.

Gail Hamilton. while one of the
most trcizicliaut critics of manners
and perhaps a bit of a scold, is
nevertheless, a womanly woman,
with a noble respect for true
womanliness and a fine scorn of
everything little and low and mean.
Wildness, she declares, is a thing
which girls cannot afford. Delicacy
is a thing which cannot be lost or
found. N 0 art can restore the
grape its bloom. Familiarity with-
out confidence, without regard, is
destructive to all that makes woman
exalting and ennobling. It is the
first duty of a woman to be a lady.
Good breeding is good sense. Bad
manners in a woman are immoral-
ity. Awkwardness may be inerad-
icable. Bashfulness is constitu-
tional. Ignorance of etiquette is
the result of circumstances. All
can be condoned and not banish
men and women from the amenities
of their kind. But self-possessed,
umshrinking and aggressive coarse-
ness of demeanor may be reckoned
as a prison offense and certainly
merits that mild form of restraint
called imprisonment for life. It is
a shame for women to be lectured
on their manners. It is a bitter
shame that they need it. Do not
be restrained. Carry yourself so
loftily that men will look up to you
for reward, not at you in rebuke.
The natural sentiment of man
toward women is reverence. He
loses a large means of grace when
he is obliged to account her a being
to be trained in propriety. A
man’s ideal is not wounded when a
woman fails in worldly wisdom ; but
if in grace, in tact, in sentiment, in
delicacy, in kindness she should be
found wanting, he receives an in-
ward hurt.

 

START A CIIAUTAUQUA CIRCLE.

This is the Greek year in the
reading course of the Chautauqua
Circle. A most valuable and
charming variety is offered to the
members of this world wide organ-
ization, and this month should wit-
ness the formation of a circle wher-
ever there is none among farmers,
and indeed, it would be most pleas-
ant and profitable for every Grange
to start a. circle. It offers social
and literary advantages which will

has much to learn at school in
order to make him a thorough-
, goiiig American. It is the problem
of our schools to assimilate these
children to an American standard
.of life and ideas. The numbcr is
enormous, and in any other country
of the world the task might be
impossible. Fortunately for 11s.
the children of the foreign-born
generally enter the doors of our
public schools with the best possi-
ble disposition to become Amer-
icans.—- Y outifls Companion.

 

QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION.

What am I farming for?

What constitutes a farmer?

Neatness and cleanliness around
our home.

Is the cultivation of tobacco ben-
eficial to the farmers of the United
States.

Things most needed to make
country life pleasant.

What crops the past season have
proved the most successful?

Can farmers lessen their hours
of labor without detriment to them-
selves?

Have secret societies been a
benefit to the community?

What is woman’s work in the
Grange?

What is the greatest hindrance
to agriculture?

Proper ventilation of school-
houses and homes.

Does success in life depend more
on one’s exertions than on circum-
stances?

How shall we get the largest re-
turns from our land for our stock?

Farmers’ vacations.

The farmer’s political duty.

Is it for the interest of tax— payers
to reduce the tax on bank deposits?

Why should young people take
an interest in the Grange?

The great purpose of life and the
best way to accomplish it.

The sunny and shady side of the
farmer’s life.

Is the agricultural fair, as general-
ly conducted, a benefit to farmers?

Domestic duties as compared
with fifty years ago.

Is the agricultural school a bet-
ter place to educate for practical
farming than the farm of a prac-
tical farmer?

The best ways for saving strength
and time in doing housework. _

What can legislation do for agri-
culture?

Of what do home comforts and
attractions consist, and how shall
we obtain them?

Which does the most good, the
woman that leaves nothing undone
at home, or the one that devotes
some time to the cause of human-
it ?

yThe benefits of secret societies?
The ideal Grange; what is it,

I , ,, ,,
Paw Paw, J1e'ch., Oct, 1;’, 1892.

Arrangeiiieiits have been made with
, the passenger and trallic associations for
rates at “one and one-third fare, upon
the certificate plan," for all persons
attending the 26th annual session of the
National Grange of Patrons of Hus-
bandry, to be held at Condord, N. H.,
commencing Nov. 16, 189;’.

Every person purchasing tickets to the
meeting should take the certificates,
whether they will be able to use the
“ one-third ticket ” for return passage or
not, for it is required that at least 100
such certificates must be presented to
the railroad agent at the meeting to en-
able any of the delegates or members to
secure the reduction, and your uertili-_
cats will help to make up that number.

Observe the following instructions:

FiRs'r~—Each person desiring the
excursion rate must purchase a first-
class ticket (either limited or unlimited)
to the place of meeting, for which he
shall pay the regular fare, and upon
request, the Ticket Agent will issue a
printed certificate of purchase of the
standard form as shown in this circular.

SECOND——If through tickets cannot be
purchased at the starting point, parties
will purchase to the nearest point where
such through ticket can be obtained, and
there purchase through to place of meet-
ing, requesting a certificate from the
Ticket Agent at the point where second
purchase is made.

THlRD—Tlcl{BtS for the return journey
will be sold, by the Ticket Agent at the
place of meeting, at one—third the first-
class limited fare,only to those holding
certificates signed by the Ticket Agent at
the point where the through ticket to
place of meeting was purchased, counter-
signed by signature written in ink by the
Secretary or Clerk of the "Association,
certifying that the holder has been in
regular attendance at the meeting. and
vised by the Special Agent of the Rail-
way Association requiring the last named
supervision. (1 “"'

FOURTH-—It is required that a cei"tifi-
cate be procured, indicating that full
fare has been paid for the going journey
and that the purchaser is therefore
entitled to the excursion fare returning-
It likewise determines the route via
which the ticket for return journey will
be issued.

F'ii='rn—Tickets for return journey will
be furnished only on certificates procured
not more than THREE nus before the
meeting assembles, nor more than THREE
Days after the commencement of the
meeting, and will be available for con-
tinuous passage only; no stop-over
privileges being allowed on tickets sold
at less than regular unlimited fares.
Certificates will not be honored unless
presented within THREE Days after the
adjournment of the meeting. It is un-
derstood that Sunday will not be
reckoned as a day.

VERY IMPORTANT.

You should be particular to notify
every person desiring to secure the»
excursion rate that the following rule
will not be deviated from under any
circumstances:

“No refund of fare can be expected
because of failure of the parties to-
obtain certificates.”

You will observe from this rule that it
will be absolutely necessary for each
person to obtain a certificate from the
agent where the ticket is purchased to
the point where the convention is held,
otherwise the purchaser will be unable
to obtain the excursion rate returning,
and will be obliged to pay ful tariff fare
in either direction.

J. J. Woonum, Sec’y Ex. Committee N.

G. P. of H.


NOVEMBER ], 1892.

“ THE Buvi-:ns’ GUIDE.”

 

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

7

 

l
l
I
1
3

Nearly a. million

five.
Sent only upon

pounds.)

as a reference book.

A million purchasers learning how
to make four dollars do the work of

in stamps to pay the postage.
pages, 3o,ooo quotations, weight two

households use it

receipt of 15 cents
(550

MONTGOMERY WARD & C().,
In to n6 Michigan Avenue,

CHICAGO.

In writing lllbuuuu in... ulsANGE Vrsrroa.

OFFICIAL ZDIRECTORY

Ofieers National Grange.
MAB'I'EB—J. H. BRIGHAM ________ .__Delta, Ohio
Ov‘izs’a-—HIRAM HAWKINS.Hawk1nsv1lle,Ala.
LEOTUBEB-MORTIMER WHITEHEAD _______ __

1618 . St., N. W., Washington, D. (‘.
S'rswAar>—E. . DAVIS ..... _.Santa Rosa, Cal.
Ass'T STEWABD-O. E. H LL .._.Pnwnee. Neb.
CHAPLAIN—A. J. ROSE,..._, _
"I‘ai'.AsUnr:u—F. M. Ma DOWEL.Penn Yan, IV. Y.
SECRETARY-—JOHN TRIMBLE,Washington,I).(}.
GATE KEEPER—A. E. PAGE.Appleton City, Mo.
cmms—MRs. J. H. BRIGHAM __:.Deltn, 01.10
POMONA--MRS. J. M. THOMPSO.\__Joliet. _Ill.
FLORA—-MRS. J. B. BAlLEY_.Conehatta, Miss.
LADY Ass’T STr.w’I>~MRS. N. B. DOUGJJAL .,

Sherborn, Mass.

Executive Committee. __
J, J. WOODMAN ......... _.Paw Paw, Mlcllll-‘.'8_D
LEONARD RHONE..(lenter Hall, Pennsylvania
X. X. CHARTIERS .,.Fredericskburg, V1n.:in1a

Committee on Woman’s ;Work in the
Grange.

MRS. L. A. HAWKINS.-.._.Hziwkiusvlllc, Ala.

MRS. H. H. VVO0DMAN,..PaW Paw, Michigzan

MRS. ELIZABTII RUSSELL,Vancouver, Wash.

Oificers Michigan State Grange.
MASTER-THOS. MARS____ Berrien (‘enter
0VERSEEB—M. T. (‘OLE ,.._
LEOTUBER--A. J. CROSBY, J _
STi:wAaD—A. P. GRAY..___..__ _.
ASS”l‘ STiow.Ann—VV. E. S'I'0CKlNG_.___(Thclsca

 

  
  

CHAPLAIN—JNO. E. PASSMORE._.____Flushing
TBI§A8URER—E. A STRONG __.\'icksburg

 

Sincsic'rAav—JENNIE BUELiJ,'_‘_' ____ _Ann Arbor

'__she1by
. MARS B.Fruit(Ridtge
THOS. , - errien Sen r
JENNIE BUELL, l E"°“i°‘° l .... ..Marcellus
lGenern.l Deputies.
Hon. C. G. Luce._._.
Hop. J. J1.) Woodman

 

 

.:_..Salad0. Texas '

GATE KE'EPEB—GEO. L. CARLISLE_ Kalkaska,
. RIGHT C '

.__..-

§u5iu3T1:r5's

I

l

    

IMPOYED

H00 0ll0l8l’fl Glll'6.

Greatest Discovery Known for the
cure of

HOG CHOLERA, and
PIN IVORMS IN HORSES.

HUNDREDS or THEM.
Bo§Wl.l.liIInd.(,: 1361890.‘
_ k :— 0 era ure,
uliiidll Ting tfdeboeiidseto a :22:-linogg colt. brought hue-
dredsof ‘n worms and smaller red ones from hen.
She is d0|l|g splendidly. We believe it to be a good
medicine. WILLIS ROBISO .

- 1. 1 ed fa
...‘f:.:°.:.'s‘..‘.:.':.?¥.r*.':.'::‘.:.:.;.:.‘: r..‘.“.'.%.::=.:...::....
Every package warranted it used as per directions.

pfice’ 5oc_ per package, 6oc. by mail, 3 package!
‘L50 by cxprcss, prepaid. If your druggist has nd
got it send direct to the PT°P"i°‘°’~ GEO‘ G
STE K ETEE, Grand Rapids. Mich-
! Cflanuuecl ALL Oran Hoe Caouuu Ruunils

Cured His Colts and Sheep.

Melette, S. D., Nov. 6‘, 1891.
Ma. Sruxnruro: Dear Sir—1 send you $1.50 for
which send me three packages of your Hog Cho-
lera Cure. I have used it on colts and sheep and
am well pleased with your medicine.
_ _ :Yours truly. A. D. BELL.
In writing mention Tux: Gasser: VISITOR.

GRAND RAPIDS and
Indiana Railroad

Robert ‘L

T. F.

MaryAM

Rodgers
Isaac A. West

J. D. M. Fisk..__
B. V. Clark

 

James Williams .
Robert A1

  

  

ewitt ________________ ._'.- ..

Special Deputies. ~
.A. Luther____.
E W All’

. . _ is ___

Sis. E. D. Nukes, Church’s Cor’s, Hillsdale County

uel Bruce ______________ _ . ones, Cass County
' _ ...Coldwater, Branch County
_ ___ Buchanan, Berrien County
...... __Ravenna, Muskegon County
____ __North Branch. Lapeer County
. . _ . . Eastport, Antrim County

I -‘HJRIDE

July 3, '92.—Central Standard Time.

GOING NORTH.

. . ..Barry County
Lo

No. 1 No. 3N0, 5 No. 7

nawee County

Richmond ___. _ _ __
Fort Wayne. Ar..-
Fort Wayne, Lv..
Kalamazoo, Ar

Cincinnati, Lv _______ _ .

  

Kalamazoo, Lv ....... _ _

~21
F

ward .... ._Hudsopville, Ottawa County
Wm. Clark ______ __Charlevo1x, Charlevoix County

Committee on Woma.n’s Work in the
Grange.

Mrs. Mary A. Mayo ___._._--.

Mrs. Mary Sherwood Hinds

Miss Mary C. Allis ________ __

  

. __.Adrian

Revised List of Grange Supplies
Kept in the oflice of Sec'y of the

Michigan State Grange

And sent out post-paid on receipt of Cash Order,
over the Bea.l_of a Subordinate Grange. and the
signature of its Master or Secretary.

Porcelain ballot marbles. per hundred ..... ..$0 75

l§.:°.'°::".,1“°d*:5 ---------------------- ~ --

re s reco

'.l‘rea.surer’s orders, bound, per hundred ____ . .

Secretary's receipts for dues, per hundred. _ _

'l‘reasurer’s receipts for dues, per hundred. _ _

A _p!lli&:1t;tioaiis for membqrship, per hundred. _
i w c , or own. .-

Dimits, in envelo p, per dozen. _. _____ __

Bylblgaws 0‘; the tate Grange, s gle co es,

: per ozen ............................ ._

“ tgcad Eclaoes," with music, single copies,

; per ozen ............................ ..

Grange Melodies, single copy, 40c; per dozen

Opening So:§iC_ard, 24; each; 759 per 50; 100..

Rituals, 7th tion (with combined degrees),
_zl5c ouch - per d _

Bituas, 5 d ,_set of nine

Bituas, J uven_ e, single copy

Rituals, Juvenile, per set._-_

American Manual of Parliamentary Law

   

fiiéifidfi

  

E ENS

D-HFOO

   

55-88S§’5'u°£d &%88

age co-operative literature._.__
Write for prices_on gold pins badges, working

Sample pack

tools. staff mountings, seals, ot boxes and any

other grunge supphes.

A dress MISS JENNIE BUELL,
Sec’y Mich. State Grafige,

Arm Anson, Ion.
GERMAN.._.4

 AND  

COW
POWDER
Is of the highest value to horses, cattle, hogs. and
poultry. It assists digestion and assimilation
and thus converts food into muscle, milk and fat
which otherwise would be wasted.
MORTIMER WHITEHEAD Says: “ Ger-
man Horse and Cow Powder pays many times its
-costinkesping all kinds of farm stock in good
health. I have used it for years on my farm, buy-
’ a barrel at a time.”
t is manufactured by Dr. L. Oberholt-2er’s Sons
4! Co., Phaanixville, Pa., and sold at
Wholesale Pi-ices—viz:
Barrels—201> ' bulk. 7% d
Boxes _eon.2 ‘in bulk. s°c ‘£2’. 3332a
Boxes —a0Ib—-5lbs pack. 10c per pound

B ALBERT srusnum. AI1ez&n.Mi 1..
’ urnoanros means _No. 241 N03:-.1.
Water so. Phlladelp Pa.

In writing mention Ta: Game: Visri-on

ECSEEF 3813
88553333

Grand Rapids, Ar ..... ..
Grand Rapids, Lv .... __ 4‘ 15
Cadillac ______________ __
Traverse City.

Petoskey.. . _ _ _..
Mackinaw, Ar . _ ..

GOING SOUTH. No. 2N0. 6

n:?3 oc<:oa=Nn.w{v3oc_>

5133

3-‘ 0-‘
as-can-pun 4 ®Uluimr.\'«§>n-oo_

  

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0.

Mackinaw Clty. Lv..-..
Petoskey ______________ __ I0 20
Traverse City ______________ __

A
Cadillac ______________ __ '
Grand Rapids, Ar _____ _.
Grand Rapids, Lv ____ _.
Kalamazoo, Ar .
Kalamazoo, Lv..
Fort Wayne, Ar.
Fort Wayne, Lv
Richmond ,_____ _
Cincinnati, Ar ________ ..

 

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$333

 
  

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Sleeping cars for Petoskey and Mackinaw on

No. 3 rpm Grand Rapids. _

Nslgepmg cars, Grand Rapids to Chicago, on
o. .

Nfilgeping cars, Grand Rapids to Cincinnati. on

o. .

Nos. 1 and 4 daily south of Grand Rapids. Nos.
5 and 6 daily.

All other trains daily except Sunda .

C. L. LOC WOOD,
G. P. & T. Ag‘t. Grand Rapids.

  
  
 

 
 

it I
_;.sus\\\r.ss c.u\.\.u~.r.

Ii I_I|I.l‘\l\l..“f

  

Southwest corner Capitol square, Lansing, Mich

Thorough and practical. One of the finest suite
of rooms in the country, and a large, wide-awake
faculty: _ Departments: Commercial, shorthand,
typswriting, normal penmanship_. Ex, low.
Don’t decide to go elsewhere until you have sent
for our year- . _

In writing mention Tin Gannon Vrsiron.

E. M. Bnunno &. co

General Produce Commission Merchants

and shippers
3449 Cottage Grove-Av.

TO ALL SHEPERS OF PRODUCE—WAN'.l‘ED.
Butter, cheese. eggs, potatoes, onions. apples.
beans, cabbages, ed fruits, poultry, gains, veal,
lambs. beef, mutton, pork, furs, hides, ts, tal-
low. honey, , broom corn, fee ers, gin-
seng root, cider vin , flour, buckwhmt, etc.
d f_oi_- our _y
In writing mention Tan Gamer: Visrron.

Chicago, Ill.

 

 and _s-fa.‘-i0n.%SEPARATI0N OF MILK BY }IAND.i
t

EXPERIMENTS AT THE COLLEGE.l
A

Bulletin No. 20 of the Pennsyl-3

Evania State College Agricultural;
 Description of the Nature or the illxperlment Station (State Colleseithe lake. They will sail along the

the Atlantic ocean will sail on a.
level with the ocean for 12;‘: miles,
at the end of which they will be
raised by three locks to the level of

Field Experiments Now Conducted  P. 0., Penn.) describes a. series of  San J nan river and 13119 lake on the

at the Michigan Experiment
Station.

PERRY G. HOLDEN. ASB,T AGIlIC’ST.

In considering the following

'brief outline of field experiments

which are being conducted on the
Farm Department, we wish espe-
cially to caution our readers against
expecting too much from these ex-
periments, and expecting it at once.
With the varying conditions of
weather, seasons, and soils, it is
not possible to get reliable results
in a single year. Such results are
often misleading. For instance,
mulching in a. dry season will give
very different results from mulch-
ing in 8. wet season. A variety of
wheat may do well one year and be
a. failure the next. Experimenta-
tion is always expensive. New and
untried methods will prove a fail-
ure. The ordinary farmer can not
afford to run the risk of an experi-
ment. He must plant and sow ac-
cording to the methods which he
knows will give sure returns. He
can not spend the time nor money
to originate new varieties or even
try them until he is assured of suc-
cess. He must wait five or ten
years to find that the apple tree
agentfs highly recommended va-
riety is 21 failure. The experiment
station carries on experiments that
farmers could not. because of the
expensive apparatus and trairning
necessary. They save a great ex-
pense. The results are published
i11 bulletins and sent free to 5,000
farmers of the state, who have ap-
plied for them. Many more of the
farmers get the results through the
press. Again the work is carried
on with greater accuracy than
would be possible with individual
farmers. The station is also a
source of information, and is be-
coming more and more so. Of
course we are unable to answer
many of the questions asked, but
we have access to the results of all
the experiment stations and the
best authorities on agricultural sub-
jects. Each year we shall publish
the results 0 -that yoar’s experi-
ments on the various subjects men-
tioned below. As the experiments
go on, each bulletin will be cumu-
lative, containing the results of the
preceding experiments and the re-
sults of experiments at other sta-
tions aloug the same line.

The following is a. very brief out-
line of the field experiments, but
space prevents our discussing them
in this issue:

POTATOES.

1. Deep vs. shallow culture.

2. Deep vs. shallow planting.

3. Hills vs. drills, for early and
late potatoes.

4. Mulching vs. cultivation of,

5. Large vs. small potatoes for
seed.

6. Do potatoes run out?

7. <Compa.rison of field varieties.

8. Isecticides and methods of ap-
plication.

9. Different amounts of seed.

CORN.
1. Selection as a method of im-
provement.

2. Drills vs. hills.

3. Shallow vs. deep culture.

4. Shallow vs. deep planting.

5. Different numbers of kernels

in hills.

6. Different distances apart.

7. Dates selling.

8. Treatment for smut.

WHEAT AND OATS.
1. Varieties — we are row-

ing all the varieties of both wheat
and oats which we were able to ob-

tain;
Object,

19.. To test the new varietiesi
and determine the best old
vareties.

b. To describe the varieties so
that they can be recognized.
At present the same varie-
ties are_ known under several
names in many cases.

2. Selection and crossing to im-
prove wheat and oats.

3. Hot water treatment to de-
stroy smut.

4. Best time to harvest for yield
and germination. Most promising
varieties of grasses. Rotation and
fertilizers experiments. New crops,
such as flax, rape, soja bean, prick-
ley comfrey, peppermint and other
forage crops.

TESTING OF
new implements and farm machin-

ery.

loxperiments in the separation of;
3 butter from milk by means of the 1
‘hand or " baby” separator. Fol-1
E lowing is 8. summary of the result, 
E with a brief account of the princi- ‘,
lples upon which the working of?
I the separator depends: 
The mechanical separation of 1
cream from milk by means of the !
centrifugal separator has become

almost universal in large creamer-

ies, the cost of the machines and

of the power required to run them

being more than offset by the

greater yield of butter obtained,

the smaller amount of space re-

quired, the saving in ice, and the

greater certainty and uniformity

of operation.

VVithin a comparatively short
time several small separators have
been put on the market, which,
it is claimed, can be operated by
hand and are suitable for the use
of the private dairyman. This sta-
tion has recently completed some
tests of one of the best known of
these hand separators, manufact-
ured by the De Laval Separator
Company, and called by them the
“ Baby No. 2." This machine was
kindly placed at the station for
test by the company. The results
of the test are briefly as follows:

1. The skim milk contained in
most cases, less than 5-100 of one
per cent of butter-fat.

2. Out of the total possible
amount of butter. but 9-10 of one
per cent was lost in the skim milk,
and jut  per cent in the skim
milk, buttermilk and ineclmnical
losses, or, in other words, 065,‘ per
cent of the total raw material
(lmtter-fat) was recovered in the
finished butter.

3. It is estimated that the saving
by the use of this’ maclline as com-
pared with the use of cold deep
setting will, in one year, with a
herd of twenty to twenty-five cows,
equal tliree-fourths the cost of the
machine.

4. The machine has proved very
satisfactory in the regular work of
the station creamery.

5. The use of hand power is only
to be recommended for small
dairies.

PREVENTIOM OF SMUT IN GRAIN.

The bulletin of the farm depart-
ment of the Agricultural College
on the prevention of smut is valua-
ble in that it will cause farmers to
experiment wit remedies for its
destruction. Hot water is not the
only remedy but it is inexpensive
and probably quite effective. A
solution of sulphate of copper in
which the grain may be soaked 12
hours will greatly discourage smut.
But too much must not be expect-
ed from the effort to kill the smut
spores on the seed grain. It is
quite likely that they live in the
soil and will propagate and reach
the plant from that source. In-
deed it is quite evident that com
smut mostly comes from that
source as seed corn is usually free
from smut.

A bulletin from the farm depart-
ment giving the results of practical
experiments in smut preventatives,
showing the actual dilference in
yield with prepared and unpre-
pared seed, will be much more in-
teresting and valuable than the ad-
vice of the late one. '

Yours truly,
ANTI-SMUT.

 

NICARAGUA CANAL.

Inasmuch as the subject of the
building of the Nicaragua canal
has been noticed in the platforms
of two great political parties, the
following from the address of the
committee appointed by the Nation-
al Nicaragua Canal convention may
be of interest:

It appears that all the engineers
have agreed in expressing a. decid-
ed preference for the Nicaragua
route,because, among other reasons,
only 26% miles of the entire dis-
tance of 169% miles from the
Atlantic to the Pacific ocean
through Nicaragua will have to be
excavated. The other 142% miles
consist of Lake Nicaragua, the
San Juan river and depressions in
the surface of the earth. Lake
Nicaragua will constitute a harbor
sufficient to accomodate the navies
and commerce of the world. It is
110 miles long, 60 miles ‘wide and
is 250 feet at its deepest points.
Vessels entering the canal from

lake level to a point within three and
one-half miles of the Pacific ocean.
Here they will be lowered by the
locks to the level of the Pacific
ocean.

The committee says the cost, in-
cluding the payment of interest
during the progress of the work,
will be less than $100,000,000, and
the time required for the con1ple-
tion of the work is within five
years. The climate of Nicaragua.
is healthy, and out of 1,000 north-
crn men employed in constructing
a railroad through a swamp only
two died (l111‘in_:.>; a period of four
months. Of 200 northern engi-
neers and skilled mechanics who
have worked for the canal company
for three years not one has died
from a disease incident to the
country. By the Nicaragua canal
the distance saved is shown by this
table:

Between. Mil“ FY9993‘ Nines vi’:
route, via Canfifi

N. Y. and San Fran.. Cape Horn. l.'»,66O 4,907
N. Y.and Puget So'd_ Magellan. 1:l,$l35 5,665
.\'. Y.and Hong Kong (Tape G. H.,l3,750 10,696
N. Y. and Melbourne. Cape Horn, 13,760 9,882
L‘pool and San Fran. (‘ape llorn, 15,620 7,627
N. 0. and San Fran. . (‘ape Horn, 16,000 4,147

The wheat crop of the Pacific
coast in 1891 was over 1,800,000
tons and eighty per cent of the
wheat was exported by sailing ves-
sels and a large proportion of it
passed around the Horn. The
Nicnragila (‘anal by shortening the
route to Atlantic ports would not
only save the producer cost of
freight but the rcvcnuc of the canal
at  per ton toll would be nearly
$3,000,000 on whcut alone. it is
shown that there are 500,00l),000
thousand feet of n1e1'cl1m1tziblc tim-
bcr in \\'nsl1in,r,:ton and Oregon to
the value of which over $52 per
thousand feet would be added by
cheap water trrmsportatioil via the
Nicaragua Canal. The gross addi-
tion to the value would amount to
the enormous sum of $1,000,000,000,
even at this low estimate of 352 ad-
ditional. The fruit 1nd11stry of
California would quadruple in two
years from the opening of the canal
for business and fast refrigerator
steamers would deliver fruit from
California to New York in ten days,
to Liverpool in fourteen days, and
to New Orleans in eight days. The
mountains of the Pacific coast are
rich in lead, copper, silver and
gold,while the plateaux and valleys
afford a cereal belt with a soil more
durable and more favorable seasons
for seeding and harvesting than
any part of the world, and the
committee thinks the completion
of the Nicaragua canal is only
needed to develop that country to
production of gigantic proportions
and double the population of the
Pacific coast in a few years. The
cotton growing sections of the gulf
states have undergone a depression,
and the committee believes that
nothing could be of greater im-
mediate advantage than the canal
in relieving that depression, and
making a. market for American
cotton in Japan, China and Cores,
where already the people are begin-
ning to manufacture cotton goods
by machinery. Japan imported
over 7,000,000 pounds of American
cotton in 1891, most of which was
shipped from New Orleans to New
York and then by rail to Vancou-
ver and steamship to Japan.

The committee says it is no long-
er a question whether the canal
will be built or not. The only
question is as to who shall build
it, and who shall control it when
built? It says it has been inform-
ed that European syndicates have
already made overtures to the canal
company, but the committee be-
lieves the United States cannot
afford by carelessness, hesitation or
neglect to permit an enterprise of
such magnitude and of such far
reaching advantage to pass under
the control of any foreign company.

“It therefore behooves us,” the
address concludes, “as a nation
conscious of the power we wield
and of the greater influence we may
exert upon the destinies of this
continent, to perform the duties
without delay which we deny other
nations the privilege of assuming,
and to adopt now the best means
of securing the early completion
of this work, whose advantages we
are willing to share with the world
but whose control should never be

allowed to pass out of our han ”

 


8

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

 

NOVEMBER 1, 1892.

Notices of Meetings.

ST. JOSEPH POMONA.

St. Joseph County Pomona. No.
4, will meet with Centerville
Grange November 3. All 4th de-
gree members are requested to be
present. Mas. H. CooK, Sec.

 

NEWS NOTES.

 

MICHIGAN.

-liquor dealers organized at Saginaw.

State Baptist convention was held in
Benton Harbor.

Gen Partridge of Bay City is dead.
Severe fire in Muskegon.

Win. Boone of Blissfield, aged nearly
100 years, died recently.

Severe storms on the lakes.

A bust of Ex-Gov. Bagley has been
‘ed in the capitol.

NATIONAL.

A brother of Garza has been captured.
He refuses to divulge his brother’s
whereabouts.

Boats on Chautauqua
burned.

1,800,000 acres in Montana opened to
settlement.

The Miner law was declared constitu-
tional by the U. S. supreme court.

Telephonic communication between
New York and Chicago was a success.

Splendid Columbian celebrations all
over the country.

Mrs. Harrison died October 25.

Seven persons killed in an accident on
the Reading road.

Homestead non—union men again at-
tacked.

fl Milwaukee was visited by a $7,000,000
re.

Women’s Christian Temperance union
meet in Denver.

lake were

 

FOREIGN.

The new German military bill makes
a two years army enlistment instead of
three.

Wages of cotton operatives in Lan-
cashire reduced.

It is stated that in Russia alone there
have been 160,000 cases of cholera and
77.000 deaths from the disease.

Queen Victoria will spend the winter
months in Italy.
British trade is unsatisfactory.
A revolt threatened in Hayti.

Impressive ceremonies in honor of
Luther occurred at Wittenberg.

Teachers, why not gets dictionary
or organ for your school? Notice our
oflers.

Teachers can get the VISITOR nda
MODERATOR for $1.50.

Don’t fall to read our premium
oifers.

THE PRACTICAL POLITICIAN.

 

By the ordinary citizen of the
educated class, the practical poli-
tician is thought to be a man who,
though sometimes perhaps having

ood intentions, is nevertheless led
%y selfish motives, in the main, to
do selfish, corrupt, and dishonest
deeds. In his own eyes the prac-
tical politician of the higer grade
is a patriotic citizen working for
the good of a. party upon the suc-
cess of which depends the welfare
of the country. He feels in many
cases that he is driven to acts
which to him are unpleasant; which
are, perhaps, on the whole unfort-
unate for the country, but which,
under the circumstances, are still
a stern necessity. To be sure,
among the “ workers” will be found
many who care neither for country
nor party, nor even for leader,
though that is rare; but in the
higher ranks the proportion of the
consciously dishonest, although
possibly larger than that of the
same class among merchants or
lawyers, is still small. Most of
our office-holders in the higher
legislative and executive positions
are at bottom as honest, hard-work-
ing, and self-sacrificing as men of
other classes. The “submerged
tenth” have dragged the reputa-
tions of their fellow-politicians
lower than truth would permit us
to declare their characters to be.
These differences of opinion with
reference to the character of the
practical politician come largely
from lack of knowledge on the part
of the public as to the circumstan-
ces in which the politician is placed,
and as to the pressure that is
brought to bear upon him, as well
as from ignorance of the amount of
excellent self-sacrificing work that
he really does. * *_ * When
the people really see things as they
are, know what ought to be done,
and demand that action be taken,
the politician will be ready and
prompt to act. The politician can

_desiring to advance
in gade. and others
to ecome teachers.
. attend the Normal

opt. of the Grand Rapids (Mich.)Business Col-
lege. For particulars. address A. S. PARISH.

 

Etch cR|ckens by Steam.
IMPROVED EXCELSIUR IICUBI TOR
yundmdodiii  mTa 91/12:. l -
cm ‘.*'°-‘.r..-hi‘. i‘:-.:::"“‘“*‘;2“'"":."*1;
ace Iflrln I f fiber

. , ‘
Send to. for Iiilu. o.Liog.""«'5x7i'.'ii°.°§iIni., 33i’..,. iu.

EIGHTEEN YEARS.

Tompkins Co. N. Y., Oct. 3, 1892.
MR. 0. W. Inunasonn,

Dear Sir——I think your paint the
best on the market; bought of your firm
in 1874, and the paint stands the weath-
er better than the zinc and lead that
was put on, at the same time. I would
suggest all in need of paint, to try yours.

Fraternally yours,
A. Godding.
(See Adv. Ingerso1l’s Liquid Rubber
Paints. .)

 THE CUI.1;II‘)IV'AT0R 
Country Gentleman

THE BEST OF THE

AGRICULTURAL WEEKLIES

DEVOTED T0

Farm Crops and Processes,
Horticultu-e & Fruit-Growing,

While it also includes all minor departments of
Rural interest, such as the Poultry Yard, Entom-
ology, Bee-Keeping, Greenhouse and Grapery.
Veterinary Replies, Farm Questions and Ans-
wers, Fireside Reading, Domestic Economy, and
a summary of the News of the Week. lts MAR-
KE'l‘ REPORTS are unusually complete. and much
attention is paid to the Prospects of the ‘Crops.
as throwing light upon one of the most impor-
tant of all questions— l‘/hen to Buy and lVhen In
Hell. It is liberally illustrated, and by RECENT‘
ENLAIIGEMENI‘, contains more reading matter
than ever before. The subscription price is $'_‘.5(l
per year, but we offer a SPECIAL REDUCTION
in our

CL('B RATES FOR 1893.

Two Subscriptions, inlremmwce-$4
Six Subscriptions, do do --Ill
Twelve Suhsorilrs, do- do- -18

if-"‘To all new suh.<lcribers for I893, pa_1/my
in ruli-rmce now, WE WILL snxn THE rnrnn
WEEKLY, from our RECICIPI‘ of the reniittmice, lo
./miuary Isl‘, 12593, WITHOUT CHARGE.

;';4i'-'”'Si>ncIMEN (forms Fans. Address
LUTHER TUCKER do SOBL Publishers.
A.ll)Zi)13', N. X’.

With (lraiige Visitor $‘2.a')0 for 1 year.

Mention the VISITOR in writing to
advertisers.

not act until he feels that public

opinion is with him; his business,

in fact, and in justice too in the

main, is not to guide public opin-

ion, to follow it. He may help to

create and guide public opinion,

but that duty is equally incumbent

upon lawyers, preachers, teachers,

and all good and intelligent citi-

zens. \Ve need to distinguish in

this regard the reformers, and even

the statesman, from the politician.

It is the business of the politician,

and the business is a worthy one,

to care for the interests of his party,

and thereby, as it appears to him,

for the interests of the state; and

his party interests cannot be cared

for unless he follows public opin-

ion. To the politician also, “the

public” means, not merely the

educated or the good citizens, but

all citizens who have votes. If,

then, We expect the politician to

change his methods of action, we

must in some way bring it about

that by the change more votes will

be gained to the party in power

than will beiost.

A politician knows very well that
he does many things that are con-
demned by the most enlightened
consciences; he does many things
that to himself are disagreeable,
and that trouble even his well-
trained conscience; but, as has been
said, to him these acts are neces-
sary, and and he does them as
other good people do necessary but
unpleasant tasks. When he can be
made to see that it will be better,
not for himself personally, but for
the success of the party—which,
let me repeat, to him means the
good of the country,—to change
the methods of conducting elec-
tions, nobody will be more
ready to change than he. Indeed,
as vote-buying is in reality a very
unpleasant business for many of
our most influential politicians,—
so much so that many of them,
while directing it, will never them-
selves take any part in it,——no one
will work more actively to make
this practice unnecessary than will
they, if it can be clearly shown
that a change to a better system of
carrying elections is practicable.-
From “ Money in Practical Poli-
tics," in the October Century.

Live-Stock and Dairying,

Qlumbia
Gollege of
Qommerce

Grand Rapids, Michigan

I School for Practical Business Training
Comertial, Shorthand and
English Training Courses

Attend the School that makesa specialty of what
you want.

Correspondence Solicited.

HEAD & DILLINGHAM.
In writing mention Tin: Gannon: Vrsrroa.

STANDARD
DELAINE
SPANISH

MERINO
CHOICE, ioooo, REGISTERED iulis Foil sill:

Write for Terms or call on me at my
farm, 3% miles south of Wakelee.

FRANK CHAPMAN
Breeder
Wakelee
Cass County
Michigan

In writing mention Tan GRANGE Visiroiz

Favorite
Lines
to the Summer
Resorts
or Northern
Michigan

'l‘R.~\\'El{S Ii (BIT Y
ELK RAPIDS
CHAl{Ll*}\"()I.\'
PE'l‘()SKEY

BAY VIIHV
l\IA(7KINl\(1 ISLANI)
'[‘l{.AVl‘}RS]‘} BAY

RESORTS
cnicnéd A I

and WEST MICHIGAN
RAILWAY.

:1ii(l

DETROIT

LANSING
and NORTHERN

RAILROAD

The West Michigan is now in opera-
tion to Bay View, and is the

ONLY ALL RAIL LINE T0 GHARLEVOIX

Through sleeping and parlor car ser-
vice from Chicago, Detroit, Lansing and
Grand Rapids to Petoskey and Bay View.

THE SCENIC LINE

Over forty miles of beautiful lake and
river views north of Traverse City.

Try it when you go north this summer

FRANK TOWNSEND,
Gno. Di-:HnvEN, Agent, Lansing.
Gen’l Pass’r Agt., Grand Rapids.

$|00.00 Fllll $|.00

Thlsis no green goods nor lottery scheme. but I fit"

business proposition, which we carry out as follows:

To any person sullering ti-om runs in a.ny.roi-In .we alter

the my dlgcqvgry in medicine, a com lned external
‘ I treatment known as

"livninin rift cum:

anabsolutel certain cure for suim. ntiilnila. IMIIIG

nil rwrn Ina Plus. Gives Inswnnr IILIRF. n

I'll! Ann cull. so harinless, it can be used by a.

child with perfect safe . and one packflze 00 "11 mm
Hall WILL 00 I00 0

no iiurnnlo nonuns vion ii or
soon. at least this is the honestly expressed opinion of
hundreds who have been cured by it in the P083 Y8-M‘
no lo‘! surrn n in! when, but ask your druizslul
torlt. or we will send Itgostpald for ei.oo. or small
trial e FREE for 1 us. in stamps, alsAod%va-luahle
DOOR Collin all about piles sent res. 1'98!
1-‘RRAMID C0., ALBION, MICE

In writing mention Tim GRANGE Vrsrron.

M wanted. Salary and expenses. Perma-
nent place. A ply now. Only growers

of nursery stock _on bot American and Canadian

soils. Hard varieties our specialty. BROVVN

BR.0’S. C ., Nurserymen,Ghic o.

In writing mention THE Gannon ISITOR.

FLINT NORMAL COLLEGE

AND Busrrrass INSTITUTE
Is the place to Educate your Boys and Girls.

Semi for Year liooli.
G. E. SW.lllTii0llT, ll. lI., Principal.

In writing mention Tan Gannon Vrsrron

AGENTS WANTED

The Little Giant
Educator

The Greatest Novelty Out

Agents’ Sales now running $100 to $275
per week

Address

POWERS BROTHERS
CHICAGO, IIJ4
V3.37]-slxoi-sen St

1-nnssns or nonnnr SMITH & co.,
LANSING, nucn.

STARTLING I

Miire Than si','ooo.oo «Ta. cave" Away.

With I view to increasing the circulation oi’ the Illa-Contlnent. Magazine in 1,331, n 90.3151,‘ “,4 .g me
some time encourage the study of patriotic American History, the proprietors 01 this 3.4-,“ mm.“ “mu, unsung
have decided to ofler upwards of ONE THOUSAND DOLLARS in valuable prizes, on :4,“ .. H, mm 10;-
the correct answer to the following questions on important American events. '' '

1. This is the portrait of the greatest discoverer in higtory,
VVho is he?

1 What was the greatest event of his life?

  

3. What great celebration is about to take plaoeinAmerica
‘  commemorating that event?

 

I

WE PAY FOR ANSWERS, READ CAREFULLY THE FOLLOWING.

The unit person sending us correct snswers to all of the above questions we will send to the World‘: Pair n
Chicago any time utter it opens next May. and pay all expenses for ten dstys. This includes railway and sleeping-
car (are both ways. hotel bills, and admission llcketrto the I-air every day. or ten days. It milk no dlflerence on

2:V(:I1I1Irtnl;sr}l:>‘i;‘f)l:;2-continent youlive; we will as readily send the winner from Texas or California I8 from Cool

I To&e second and third persons sending correct answers a genuine Elgin or Wnlmnm gold tilled watch;
vs ue, .00.

For the next ten. :1 gentleinun’s silver watch or ladies‘ h telul ll ten 1 1
For the twenty-ilnli. a solid gold ring; value, 810.00. C 3 he I ver w“ l we I V‘ “ed “ $10.00.

nlugogeafigglventy-fifth correct answer thereafter. a beautiful. padded seal volume of [pngfellow's Poems;

For the ninety-ninth. a complete set of chambers‘ Encyclopedia. 10 vols. cell.
Forilie middle correct answer a genuine diamond ring. with solid gold setting; value, $100.00.

For the live immediately before, and th ii’ i dl tel rt 1 l . I
works’ 15 volhbound in chm. c we mine 3 ya er tie midd e eaci a complete set of Dickens‘

BETTER LATE THAN NEVER.

J
  1 Any person falling to secure any of the Above prizes will have a chsnoezz Ba
. one of the following Consolation Prizes.

For the last correct answer we will give the sums prize as the nrst, viz: A free trip for ten days to the World's
Fair at any time lifter it opens, with all expenses paid from start to finish.

For the next to the last a genuine Elgin or Wultlinm solid gold filled watch: value, $50.00,

For the third, a beautiful, solid gold pin, with Moonstone setting, suitable for lady or gentlemen-
value. $2o.on. ’

For each of the next tiny. an elegant cloth-bound volume of Bryant's Poems, gilt edges. side and back-
value. $1.50 each. '

For the ninety-ninth from the last, Webster's International Dictionary. sheep; value. $12.00.

   A  We are wholesale book llL'.|l(3T'B, and to every person answering

. the questions correctly. or Incorrectly. we will give a certificate
entitling them to buy any and all books. music. periodicals. and art supplies, in whole-ale prices. and a copy of our
rnainmoth catalogue, with everything iiiarkedln plain figures at wholesale rates. and further, any person answer-
ing the questions correctly orincorrectly. will rvceive ll copy of the C()l.U.\IliUs .\ll::.\l()RlAL, a large volume.
12x15 inches, and an indispensable household necessity at this time.

 There are no conditions to this contest other than that every person com cling must enclose

. one dollar with their answers. for a year's subscription to the .\lIl)-CONTI. EXT MAGAZINE.
the greatest and lIl4)~'t popullir family liternrv magazine for the money, published in the world. You are sure to
ggtvéhpl value pt your dollar alone in the magazine. When writing you must state in what paper you ilrst saw this
a r semen .

 Thatyou get your Culuinniis Meinorinl and your certificate and book catalogue by return mail,
I and as this competition closes the 151.»: day of December next the other prizes will then immedi-
ately be awnrded by the committee appointed for the purpose, and at once forwarded to the proper persons.

DISTANCE N0 li.illlilEll. .i.il‘:’.i“.‘.i}"3‘r’:lf.“.il'.i‘é‘."§:i§3;‘;llf.Z“l‘§.°Sl‘;“Jlc‘l;2t3?.‘i. ‘.‘..°’.'.‘ll‘i°.‘3.‘.‘:.E§iil‘.:

letters as they are posted.

SIT DOWN AND WRITE AT 0l\’C .i.fii¥'i."°“’£:lJ§i.Elé;-‘Wish"l?z5“.l’n:fi‘l.é‘:l“5%“fi ’°‘"
Lansing, Michigan.

ml-hat’S Fine Butter”

is the verdict of every one who tastes the product of

Kneeland’s Crystal Creamery
The only Creamer in the world with
G/nsr jars-
Slecl H/rztrr T (17:13:-
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Raises Cream With or Without Ice.
Cu: prices to first purchaser. Send for catalogues to 1.
Agents wanted.  cfeafliery C0,, ,
400 Michigan Ave. East. Lansing, Mich.

   
 



           
   
  

If you want a good organ for the School-
room or Grange why not take this oppor-
tunity of securing one at a remark-
ably low rate. We are offering the famous

Companion Organ

as a premium to those who will secure us
new subscribers.
Hero is What the lllanui'iirturers Say for it:
There can be no better organ made for its
size than our Companion No.2. The action
is easy, responds quickly to the touch, and
is in all respects as fine quality as the actions
in our larger organs. The bellows is capa-
cious. pumps easily, and a child can supply
wind to the reeds without difficulty. The
reeds are of the best quality, strong, rich,
perfectly tuned, and of sufficient volume to
lead a number of voices. It contains the
swell.
Itdis made with strong. haitiidsoms lam}:-
. . stan s, with ornamente en s an ron .
0cI,lf$‘;“N;’§§,_":fiH§§‘£’,fj ‘f,;,‘,‘-,,,1*,§’,"§‘,‘,‘c,‘;‘,ef The cases are made in dark hard wood,
over all, 45 in. l)epth,15 in. eight.secure— finished in Oil and hand-rubbed.
1yb0x9d8b0ut140I>0flnd8- Each organ has the same WARRANT
FOR EIGHT YEARS as is given with our large instruments. In all our experience
as organ manufacturers we have never produced an organ of equal capacity and
price that gives us more satisfaction than this new Companion No. 2.

And here is What the Publishers of The Youths Companion says of it:
41 Temple Place, Boston, Mass” May 3, 1890.

flursfrntn II. 4377?;
.95!/C ‘

 

E. P. CARPENTER Co.:

Gentlemen—We have used organs made by your company for several years.
They have given us entire satisfaction. I ours truly, PERRY, Mnson & Co.
The Youth’s Companion.

And liere is What “Pat” Says of it: La”-W19. Mich-. 0615- 29, 189?-

THE GRANGE VISI'I'0R—The organ you offer is O. K. I can recommend it to
teachers for their school-rooms. H. R. PATTENGILL

Every school house should have an organ. Get the pupils interested, and
the parents, and the schoolboard and you can easily get one. We Will send
this organ, which sells for $30.00, with bench and a 216 page instructor,_for
Sixty New Subscribers at fifty cents a year, and $10.00 cash, receiver
to pay freight. The organ weighs,_ready for shipment, about 140 pounds.
You can’t do better than to try for this splendid premium.

THE. GRANGE. VISITOR, bansing. Mich

School the Entire Year. Students lay Enter It Any Time and Select their own Studies
Northern Indiana Normal School and Business Iiistitiito. Valparaiso, Indiana

The largest and Best Equipped Normal School in the United States.

1 ‘ _‘— chars including Kinder rten Work, Teachers Training Class
z?nIdPP‘e9<ll{a1gb1g]‘yr)‘T(?oll1d.;Id)tear?i:blhc}ii:iag Sciefitiflc, Classic and gsglect Courses), Special Science, Civ_il
En 'neering Pharmacy Commercial, Music, Fine Art, Phonography and Typewriting, '.l‘elel;raDh1c
an(flReview‘ Each department is a school within itself. yet all. With thfi 9XC8l>ti0D Of D|‘iV3t9 195'
sons in Music. are lIl('ll1ll("(l in one Tuition. SPECIALISTS AS INSTRUGTOSR ARE PROVIDED FIJR
[Ac]-| DEPARTMENT. Though the attendance is large yet the classes are section so as to contain.
on an average not to exceed 50 students. The Foiiimercial [)cpal'tniciit in connection with the
school is everywhere acknowledged to be the most complete Commercial College in the land. It is
supplied with the most extensive line of offices every attempted by any Business School. No other
Imtinitimi oi‘ lieai-iiiii oifors for one ’l‘nitioii. aiiytliiiig like as many .*illl)j('(‘t§ from which
tolselt-(-t. The best evi ence that the work is satisfact()ry is the constantly increasing demand for
those trained here. I-IXPI-INSES LESS THAN AT ANY ()’l:HER PLACE. TUITION. $8 I)?!‘
Term. Board and Furiii.~sheil Room. 81.50 to $1.90 per Week. Catalogue Mailed Free.

20:‘ Year Open: August so. Address 11. B. BRO W)’, Principal, or 0. P. KINSEY. Associate.
Mention Tun Gannon Vrsrron. '

WE WILL SEND
A Copy of the Famous Book

BLACK BEAUTY

ingood paper binding. to any one sending us
Two New Full-Year Subscriptions

THE GRANGE VISITOR, Lansing, Hick

SEEDS WANTED.

C1 , A] ‘k , Timothy, Red To . Millets.
Etcfvlglviry qsdaleity. Can use MIKE lots and
%éIwL)IN(l}lS. twriggifor sample mailing envelopes

. on ion s P81‘-
HE WHITNIEILNOYES SEED 00.
T Binghamton, N. Y. _

x

J

 _««.'L5s‘.~‘.»~.~:‘on.;i.a,.,..,;....

 ;

‘i