' -.-—,§...-»¢,vy -—

“THE FARMER IS OF MORE CONSEQUENCE. THAIV

    

HE FARM, AND SHOULD BE FIRST IMPROVED.”

VOL. XVIII, N0. 3.

LANSING, Micsmir, FEBRUARY 1, 1893.
ii

WIIOLE N0. 411.

EQUALIZE THE BENEFITS.

Comparative Productive Power of
Money Invested in Farming
and Manufacturing.

8. B. MC CRACKEN.

I was greatly interested in read-
ing the able article by S. S. Bailey
in the VISITOR of December 1st, on
the subject of highway legislation.
It is not my purpose to follow out
the line of his argument farther
than to bring out more clearly one
thought that it suggested, or rather
to suggest an additional argument
in favor of government aid in build-
ing highways.

The pivotal thought that I have
in mind has reference to the rela-
tive producing value of money as
invested in farming and manufac-
turing. By the application of Ina-
chinery in manufactures, a given
amount of capital will multiply its
producing capacity say tenfold.
In other words, a machine costing
$1,000, handled by a single opera-
tor, will turn out as much of a given
commodity as could be turned out
by ten operatives in the same
length of time working by hand.
So that the producing capacity of
a given sum invested in manufact-
ures is increased relatively in this
ratio over what it was before the
adaptation of machinery to the same
class of work.

How is it with money invested
in farming? Take any given ten

+. ~."1.34%S. —Qf..la;‘:L':asting SELOQ pen acre, .

and how much more can the farmer
get out of it than he could fifty
years ago? If it would produce
then an average of 20 bushels of
wheat to the acre, by what magical
process can it be made now to pro-
duce 200 bushels to the acre? And
yet it ought to do just that thing
in order to equalize the productive
capacity of the farmer’s capital
with that of the manufacturer. And
yet, as a matter of fact, an acre of
land will produce no more of wheat
or any other crop with the same
tillage than it would fifty years ago.
The application of farm machinery
has reduced to some extent the
labor of tillage and gathering, but
the gain is very small compared
with the percentage of gain which
machinery gives the manufacturer.
Besides, there is no one article of
farm machinery that can be used
beyond a few weeks in the year,
while the machinery of the manu-
facturer is run the year round. In
making these comparisons, rail-
roads, for obvious reasons, should
be classed with manufactures.

To this great disparity in the
productive power of money as em-
ployed by the two classes of indus-
tries, may we not justly attribute
the enormous aggregations of
wealth in the cities and the com-
parative impoverishment of the
farming interest? If this conclu-
sion be a justifiable one, it certainly
affords a strong reason why the
common wealth of the country
should contribute to the building
of the common roads of the country.

But the thought leads us beyond
the mere matter of road making.
If I have stated the tendency or
the law rightly, its operationmust
ultimately be to greatly reduce the
value of farm lands, and their ab.
sorption by large proprietors. This
last result will establish a co-rela-
tion between the farming and other
industries, and thereby teIId to an
equalization of benefits or profits,
because the several interests will
be more or less controlled by a
common proprietary, as in the case
of the railway, telegraph, coal and
oil combines. The small farmer of
today may a few years hence find
himself where the local manufact-
urer of the departing generation
now is. As the latter is now but a
wage worker for the manufacturer

barons, so may the former become
but a wage worker for the agricult-
ural barons.

New social and economic prob-
lems confront the best thinkers of
this age. Where the solution is
to be found is not very clear. How
are we to secure a more equal dis-
tribution of the proceeds of labor,
whether urban or rural? How are
the benefits arising from modern
industrial methods to be equalized?
Certainly to require the more dense
and wealthy communities to share
the burden of improving the com-
mon highways would be but a step
in a path the limit of which is lost
in the dim distance.

Mr. Bailey very pungently says
that “the day has come when the
State should begin to square an
everlasting debt with the farmer.”

In a lecture which I wrote some
time ago, in referring to the rela-
tions of the farming communities
to the cities, I said: “ The chasm
between farm and city life needs to
be bridged.” How is it to be done?

Detroit.

EDUCATION, THE CENTRAL IDEA
OF THE GRANGE.

J. H. BRIGHAM.

It was the purpose of the “Found-
ers of our Order” to make it a
social, educational and fraternal
society. composed of farmers, their
wives, sons and daughters, and al-
though the attention of the Order
has been directed to the need of
reform in the management of pub-
lic affairs, and to agencies for bet-
tering the financial condition of
farmers, the original purpose has
never been abandoned but rather
widened so as to embody all forms
of education needed by those who
are engaged in tilling the soil.
From time to time in the oflicial
publication of the Order, the impor-
tance of a more thorough education
of farmers has been discussed and
at the tenth annual session a com-
mittee was appointed to consider
the subject and report upon it, and
from that time to the present, the
committee on education has been
one of the most important standing
committees at each session of the
National Grange, and so far as I
can learn, each State Grange has a
committee for the same purpose.
And year by year the impression is
gaining ground that the real, all im-
portant work of the Grange is to
educate and elevate the farming
class of our country. The results of
our efl’orts no man can measure.
Mr. O. H. Kelly in hisinvestigations
when considering the subject of
organizing the farmers, reported
that very few farmers. subscribed
for agricultural journals and very
few libraries were found in farmer’s
homes, The Grange has revolution-
ized these conditions and wherever
it has secured a foothold the farm-
er’s center table is loaded with jour-
nals, magazines, etc., and a library is
considered one of the “necessaries
of life.” Farmers have learned to
read, discuss, aIId think and when
called upon to address intelligent
audiences they at-quit themselves
with credit. The Grange has taught
the farmers to take a livelier inter-
est in the public schools, and a
marked improvement in the same
is the result. Attention has also been
directed to those institutions which
receive the land grant fund of the
general government for the estab-
lishment and maintenance of
colleges where the leading branches
taught should pertain to agriculture
and the mechanic arts. And many
of these institutions have been
brought into line and are doing
goodwork. Others are feeling the
influences of our efforts as an order
and realize that there is trouble in
store for them if they fail to keep

faith with those ggfwho have not re-
cieved the beififits intended by
that beneficent  of the govern-
ment. There is iirfact no important
feature of our ifvork which is not
educational in ’=*a great degree.
Such an institution can hardly be
permitted to languish, much less
die, and I predict that it will go on
and on, carefully considering each
step, conservative but untiring,
until agriculture as a calling shall
be respected and honored by the
most enlightened of all our citizens

 

REMINISCENCES.

,1.

E BIIQLEMAN.

In the month; of January, 1866
President Andrew Johnson sent 0.
H. Kelly on a ‘tour through the
Southern States to report on the
condition of the agricultural and
mineral resources. After an extend-
ed tour in the South he reported
that IIot only itrithe South but in
the whole land..t_here were evils
which all ackqsywledgetl but for
which no remedgj .had as yet been
found. “

The faI'mer,s?, were scattered
divided in opiimn, seemingly in-
different to theftrfigondition and to
Mr. Kelly it segfiaed that the only
way of relief if organize them
and to try and? tfllem to concen-
trate their eff,‘ fsgto improve the
situation of a ';us.‘~

To this 61:-'.l"‘a;le‘ enlistedv Wm
Saunders, Wm. M. Ireland, John
R. Thompson, Rev. Dr. John Trim-
ble, and Rev. A. B. Grosh, and after
much discussion and many sugges-
tions,on the 5th day of Aug. Messrs.
Kelly and Ireland compiled the
first degree of the Order of Patrons
of Husbandry, and on the 12th of
Aug. Mr. Saunders left IVashington
on business for the Dept. of Agrl.
He took with him the first degree of
the Orderand wassuccessful in start-
ing the work and on the 4th of Dec.
the National Grange was organized
at Mr. Saunder’s house in Wash-
ington, electing Wm Saunders Mas-
ter and O. H. Kelly Secretary.

Soon after a subordinate Grange
was organized in Washington with
60 members. _

The first dispensation by the
National Grange was for a Grange
in Harrisburg,Penn. , next Fredonia,
N. Y., next, Columbus, Ohio, next
Chicago, Ill.

Early the next year Mr. Kelly
left for Minnesota, which was his
home, for the purpose of organizing
Subordinate Granges.

In one month he organized 6 in
Minnesota and the growth spread
rapidly.

At first farmers were very shy.
They were not accustomed to secret
societies, but when its objects were
explained and the benefits which
they expected to gain, they very
quickly grasped the idea and the
Order grew very rapidly. I have
no report of the number until Oct.
4, 1873, when the whole number of
Granges then in active operation
was 6914. Of this Number, Ill , 652,
Ind., 421, Ia., 1811, Kan.,577, Minn.,
353, Missouri, 672, Neb., 327, Wis.
209-5228 showing that in the
states mentioned farmers were alive
to the necessity of organization and
united action. At this date there
were 81 Granges in Mich., I am un-
able to give the exact date of the
organization of the Mich. State
Grange. But in the month ofJune,
one morning picking up the Detroit
Post and Tribune I saw an account
of the election as_ Master of Mich.
State Grange the day before S. F.

Brown, and Sec. Bro. Cobb. I im-
mediately wrote to Sec. Cobb say-
ing ‘‘tell me of this Grange move-
ment. I have read occasional
-notices of its rapid growth in Iowa

 
   

  

and that through its workings and

influence the millenium for farmers
was promised—let me know some-
thing of its work, its objects, and
how we are to proceed to share in
its benefits. ”

Sec. Cobb wrote me that really
he could hardly answer my ques-
tions; he was very new in the busi-
ness. He sent me three or four
very small leaflets, which to me were
very unsatisfactory as they really
gave but little information.
There was in operation at that
time several farmer clubs at which

1.

in Branch County with member-
ships from '70 to 180 members. ,
The first annual meeting for the
State Grange of Michigan was in
Kalamazoo and the P. M. and wife,
W. M. and wife and Sec. and wife
of each Grange were the representa-
tives and entitled to seats, per diem
and mileage, and they all were there.
Kalamazoo’s hotel arrangements
were greatly strained to accomodate
the gathering. No very important
matters were submitted for action, as
at that time all were feeling their

the more progressive farmers were
comparing notes and trying to de- l
vise means for the improvement of 
our situation and I remember onel
of the clubs in an adjoining town
was in the latter part of Sept. to
discuss the subject of co-operation.
A goodly number of farmersl
met on this occasion, compared
notes as to crop propects and when
the president called the meeting to,
order he said the gentleman who I
was expected to open the discussion
for some reason had failed to put in
his appearance and he called on me
to open the discussion. I replied, I
had thought In uch on the subject but
could give no definite remedy. But
I had in my pocket aletter recieved
that day from a man who wished me
to make an appointment for him to
lecture in regard to the benefits to
be derived from the new farmers’
organization called the Grange and
said I had read something of its
work in Iowa and had once written
to Sec. -Cobb, but got no satisfa-3.
tion. After quite a talk and quite a
bit of cold water thrown on the
matter it was agreed to calla meet-
ing to be held in the court house
on the first Monday night in Oct.,
as then the board of Supervisors
of Branch Co. would be in session
and the information would be more
widely disseminated. The meeting
was well advertised and I started
to meet the lecturer who had
written me he would be at Quincy
on the arrival of the 2:30 train on
the Saturday before, as he was go-
ing to an adjoining town to speak
on Saturday eve. I was at Quincy
on the arrival of the train looking
for Mr. King, a man I never had
seen nor even had a description of;
but I saw a badge with a sheaf of
wheat and plow, and at a venture
called him King, and found I had
guessed right. On Monday night
the court house was well filled, and
Mr. King gave a talk, devoting his
whole time to the middleman, who
according to his account was getting
for his services very much more
than the manufacturer and enum-
erating among other things, lumber
wagon s,price to farmers $100 to $110,
the manufacturers price $50 to $55.
Reapers $150 to $175, $75 to $80,
Sugar which retailed at 8 to 10
cents cost at wholesale 4 to 5, and
so on through the chapter. Mr.
King only touched on the financial
benefits and drew it so strong he
rather overdid the business and
did not leave as good an impression
as he might, but some few of us
thought it worth trying and by dint
of hard labor Bro. J. D. VV. Fisk,
who still is one of the special
deputies for MlCll., and myself, pre-
vailed on just enough to get together
on Thanksgiving night at Brother
Clark Williams’ house and organ-
ized Coldwater Grange No. 137,
which is now I believe one of the
live Granges of Michigan. In that
Grange, while we went in for the
benefits of co-operation in making
our purchases for our families’ sup-
plies ins, limited way, we made
a greater effort to improve ourselves
in a social and educational way and
once a month came a literary treat,
and our excellent Grange feasts,
often making them public meetings.
Our Grange grew and at the end of
3 years we had 100 members, and

at that time there were 20 Grsnges

way like men in the dark.

Another year rolled by, we were
in Grand Rapids at the second an-
nual session of the State Grange.
There were present between 600
and 700 delegates. The Executive
Committee of the State Grange had
been during the fall trying to make
arrangements with the land plaster
syndicate whereby they would re-
cognize the right of farmers to buy
car lots as cheap as dealers could
and supposed the arrangement was
completed and satisfactory and only
tobe ratified by the Grange. But
they repudiated their agreement at
the last hour, and the result :was
the purchase and equipment of a
plaster mill by the executive com-
mittee of the State Grange, and ares-
olution was unanimously adopted
not to use a pound of plaster manu-
factured by the combination, and the
resolution was so honestly carried in
to efiect, that although they put plas-
ter from 500 to $1.00 below the price

I ..

the Granns Til, ,.-.-:1; tr-nun‘;-art-; ‘anti.
1- r

farmers without the Grange stood
by us. I was that season in charge
of a small Grange supply grocery
stock and a plaster house, and we
put out five tons to their one that
season. The result was they weaken-
ed, their combination was broken,
and plaster was sold to all alike. This
victory was one which did Inore to
encourage combined effort and
help farmers than anything which
to that time had occurred.

I believe it could not be estimated,
the benefit the Grange lIas been in
a pecuniary way to the farmers. But
great as that benefit has been, it is
not to be compared to the social
and educational benefits and I will
hazard the a ssertion there is no
class of people in our own most
favored State who are today better
qualified to fill the proud place of
citizens in all that term means than
are the farmers.

Lansing.

POLITICAL SCIENCE.

EDITOR GRANGE VISITOR-I de-
sire to call the attention of your
readers, embracing some of the
ablest thinkers of the State, to the
organization of the Political Science
Association of Michigan. The ob-
ject of this society being the study
of economic, financial and social
questions. Among its members
are found such men as Judges
Cooley, Cahill Champlin; Bishop
Gillespie, Rev. VVashington Gard-
ner. The press of the State is rep-.
resented by W. E. Quinby of
the Detroit Free Press, Perry F.
Powers of the Cadillac News
and Express. Numerous college
men, including such men as Pres.
Angell, ex-Superintendent Fitch,
Profs. Adams, Taylor,Cooley, Butts,
Col. J.B. Rogers, Austin, at al.
Bankers are represented by Hinch-
men of Detroit, Osband of Lansing.
There should be members from the
Grange, mingling the best talent of
our State together; it could not
fail to produce good results. The
next meeting of the society will be
in Ann Arbor, Feb. 21 or 22. The
question of State banks of issue
will probably be discussed. Can
we not have some of the talent the.
appears on the floor of the Grange
in this association?
Jas. N. MCBRIDE, Treas.

 


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‘Field and Stock.

BEEF CATTLE FOR. MICHIGAN.

Bead before the Breeders of Improved Live Stock
at Lansing, Dec. 30. 1892, by Hon. Edwin Phelps
of Pontiac.

The subject assigned me is a very
important one in that it affects the
pockets of all farmers who are
either producers or consumers and
all are affected either one way or the
other and many are both breeders
and consumers. The original scrub
was the all-purpose animal of the
early days of this. country and in
fact of the old countries from the
earliest history up to within a com-
paratively recent date, and while
the best the world afforded was
very poor as compared with the
improved breeds of today, and in
fact were much inferior to the so-
called scrub of the present, but were
not perfect by any means. Then
comes the scrub of the present
time which all unite in denouncing
as unworthy a civilized community;

- this breed, if it can be called a

breed, being the result of all sorts
of crosses and all sorts of care and
in most cases no care at all, being

- allowed to subsist as best it may;

often upon scanty herbage in sum-
mer and in the colder portions of
our country the straw stack for
food and the lee side of a wire
fence for shelter. This breed does
not furnish the very best of beef,
even after the most painstaking
efforts in fattening.

There are, at present, several so-
called beef breeds——the Shorthorns,
the Long horns and the no horns—
each having established a more or
less wide reputation as beef pro-
ducers.

In the most fertile and leveler
portions, in what is known as the
corn belt, where grain is abundant
and pastures are rich, there the
Short horns have an excellent repu-
tation and in many places are prime
favorites but will not bear neglect.

In the rougher or mountainous
sections of our land they do not

rove as satisfactory; having in
hose parts to travel farther and
over more rugged ways to gather
the scanty herbage, they do not
thrive.

‘F or the rougher parts and also
‘the milder portion as well as the
‘great ranges of the west and south-

west the Long -horns and the no-
-horns are very popular and profit-
able, being natural grazers, active
and hardy, with plenty of endur-
ance to buffet storms and often to
go far for their supply of food and
water, they thrive much better than
their heavier and more sluggish
relations, making good returns for
the outlay expended. Another
thing, their hardy nature enables
them better to ward off disease.

Regarding the relative merits of
‘different breeds, I recall a reply

made to arguments in favor of a
certain popular breed in which the
speaker tried to prove that they
were superior to some and equal to
any as beef producers. My friend
explained that he had a Dutchman
at home that could eat all the good
beef on any animal of the breed
named at one sitting; I concluded
either the first speaker had greatly
-overrated the breed he advocated
-or my friend's Dutchman had a
wonderful capacity for packing
beef. I often wondered if his ca-
pacity was often tested and if he is
still alive.
' I now cometo my favorite breed,
one that is a favorite breed al-
ways and everywhere, not very
numerous as yet, but slowly gain-
ing in popularity all over the land,
abreed that always pays, both in
the purse and in satisfaction to the
-owner and all who see them, an
inspirationto the boys, a helpto bet-
ter etforts to properly care for their
-comfort, tending to make better
-men in community, an object lesson
that is never forgotten even if
sometimes not practiced, I mean
fat cattle. We have Short-horn
-cattle, Hereford cattle, Devon cat-
tle, Polled cattle, but all too few
fat cattle. We often find scrub
Short-horns, scrub Herefords, scrub
Devons and so on through the list.
How few fat animals but are attrac-
tive and do not elicit praise from
all beholders.

With regard to the several breeds
:as now known and recognized as
' ure bred there is not in my opin-
' 'on( formed by many years’ breeding
and somewhat extended observa-
tion) the marked difference their
.-advocates claim, there being excel-
lent individuals in all breeds as
well as many unprofitable and un-
sightly ones. I am remindedof a

 

«-

V

THE Gannon vlsrron.

remark of a friend of mine, a noted
Short-horn breeder of our county,
who said, if sitting at a friend‘s table,
an especially nice bit of beef was
placed before him, he did not dare
ask what breed the animal was
from which it was cut for fear it
was of some other breed than his
favorite, and if the meat was not
tender and juicy he did not care to
ask for fear it was Short-horn beef.
I think all candid observers will
admit that good animals may be
found in all the beef breeds.

The lessons taught by the “fat
stock shows” prove beyond ques-
tion that no one breed can be relied
upon to furnish the first. prize
animals. It has sometimes occur-
red that cross-bred or grade animals
have carried off the prizes in com-
petition with the best animals of
the several pure breeds. In the
economy of production, no one breed
can claim superiority, as has been
proven by many experiments made
by painstaking educators, not only
at our own experiment station
but at many other stations, as also
individual feeders. The prejudice
of older breeders is being rapidly
overcome; as in religious matters
the best is being sought, without
regard to creed or name. Thus we
tind all admire and seek my favor-
ite breed, the fat animal.

In ‘order that all may possess
this favorite breed it is not neces-
sary to go to some noted breeder
or importer and pay exorbitant
prices for foundation stock with
which to start a herd; all have the
foundation on their own premises
and may by proper care and atten-
tion soon attain to that perfection
so much desired: an exam )le that
came under my observation will
show how easy it is to accomplish.
A man having three cows that
dropped each a calf at nearly the
same time decided to grow the
calves for beef, and at the end of a
year sold them for $50 each to a
local butcher—no great price, per-
haps, when we know they weighed
1,000lbs. each, but the profit was
very satisfactory when we consider
that no great amount was invested
in the breeding, only constant,
liberal, and careful attention to
their comfort.

Another example, showing the
profit of skillful handling: Two
neighbors attended a public sale of
pure bred stock, each with a grade
bull calf; one sold for $100, while
the other brought $30, both equally
well bred, only care made the dif-
ference in value. And so we see
no one has a monopoly of the breed,
all that is necessary is liberal and
intelligenthandling. Do not under-
stand me as disparaging the efforts
made to improve the quality of beef
cattle by breeders and importers in
the past by line breeding and judi-
cious crossing—it has accomplished
a grand result, but we are dealing
with the present.

A brief description may not be
out of place of this useful animal.
Its head is shapely; its eye kindly
and bright; neck well set, on
shapely shoulders; shoulder blades
well covered; back straight and
broad well sprung ribs, kept in
proper form by well-filled bellies;
hips well set on, but not too prom-
inent; flanks well let down, giv-
ing a symmetrical form that is
found in nearly all well-fed animals;
coat glossy, hide mellow and agree-
able to the touch: legs short,
bone firm,—all uniting to form
a model animal that when killed
and properly prepared for use
will gratify the feeder in purse
and palate. In conclusionl would
say never lose the calf form and it
will be fit for the block at any age;
never stint the animal and profit
will surely follow.

THE FUTURE OF WOOL.

EDWARD A. GREENE.

It is impossible to predict the
future of wool, as legislation on that
subject is entirely problematical.
The President-elect, five years ago,
issued a special message in favor of
free wool. Whether he has the
same views now or not, it is impos-
sible to tell, or whether Congress
will put wool on the free list. In
the first place, the government
needs the revenue and that may be
made an excuse for retaining the
duty and then there will be a strong
Democratic pressure to have the
duty retained on account of its pro-
tective character. If there- is no
change in the duty, prices will pro b-
ably remain the same as they are
now. I do not anticipate an in-
crease on account of the enormous

increase in‘ the clip of thelworld. In

‘four years it amounted to 500,001’,-

l)00 pounds, principally in South
America and Australia, where lands
equal to the best Michigan lands
are practically free. It is said,how-
ever, that these countries have

-about reached their maximum, and

in Australia the lands are being
cut up into farms, not very rapidly,
but still it is an entering wedge
against practically free pasturage,
and it seems that in a few years
wool will be higher all over the
world than it is now.

Of course our growers will re-
ceive the advance, and if the duty
is retained they will receive exactly
the amount of the duty above the
foreign grower. With free wool,
all classes of American wool will
decline to the foreign wool values.
The duty on Merino wool is 11
cents per pound, and it is claimed
that the decline will be 11 cents
per pound, but this is not the basis
to take it upon. It will be gov-
erned by the value of scoured for-
eign wools and in some instances
the decline will not be as great as
11 cents per pound, and in others
the decline will be the full amount
of the duty. Cape of Good Hope
wool running in quality fully equal
to a Michigan X clothing can be
bought scoured in London for 28
cents. A Michigan X clothing
fleece washed is worth now in an
eastern market 25 cents, only three
cents less than for scoured wool in
London of the same quality. An
X delaine is worth here about 31
cents and a scoured wool fully equal
in quality can be bought for 36
cents in London. English blood
wools comparing with the Shrop-
shires can be bought in England at
about 28 cents per pound scoured.
The same character of Michigan
wool isselling here unwashed for 26
cents. A northern African wool,
not very long in staple, but one
that can be used for a substitute
fora medium grade of Michigan
clothing wool, can be bought in
London at 18 cents per pound
scoured. The United States uses
about 4} of the clip of the world and
raises about of g the clip, there-
fore you can see that the claim
which has been made that foreign
wools would advance to the level of
our prices havs very little founda-
tion. There wilhgrobably be some
advance but not"ii"very great one.
I think that the chance to equal-
ize the English and American
markets would be an advance of
§ of the difference in price
abroad and a decline of about  of
the present difference here.

There is no reason why foreign
wool should be admitted free ex-
cepting on account of the lesser
cost, as there is no desirable wool
raised in any part of the world
that cannot be duplicated here.
Our country has every variety of
climate, soil and food. All that
would have to be done would be to
adapt such sheep to a certain sec-
tion as is best fitted for them. I
think that Michigan is better
adapted to such sheep as a cross
breed between a Merino and Eng-
lish down. It would produce a de-
sirable wool, and other portions of
the United States can produce just
as desirable a full blood Merino as
is raised in any part of the world,
and at the same time these portions
might not do as well in cross breeds
as Michigan.

Philadelphia,

ESSENTIALS T0 GOOD FARMING.

E. O. LADD.

[Read at Traverse Instltute]

It has been my purpose in pre-
paring this paper to notice some of
the things which thought and ex-
perience have led me to consider
essential to successful farming in
the Grand Traverse region.

It is true I think of many of us
that our practice does not accord
with our judgment of what is the
best course to pursue. We are
prevented by circumstances from
carrying out plans which we be-
lieve would result in the greatest
profit, hence it is important to con-
sider what changes we can make so
as to have our practice in harmony
with our best judgment.

I have asked myself the ques-
tion, “ Whatis good farming?” and

give the answer under four heads:

lst, Raising good crops. 2d, Rais-
ing them so as to yield a profit to
the farmer.
keeping up the fertility of the soil.
4th, So conducting the business

that it will be a pleasant as well as, _
. carpenter learns his trade. ‘After

a profitable occupation.

It seems to me that nothing that

3d, At the same time

does not fulfill all these conditions
can be called good farming.

The selection of the farm is a
matter of first importance to one
about to engage in farming. No
system of management can compen-
sate for a lack of natural fertility,
but nearness to market, good roads,
etc., must also be considered.

A proper rotation and diversity
of crop sare necessary to keep up the
fertility of the soil and to give
steady employment to men and
teams; still I believe it is better to
have some one leading crop as a
specialty, which receives more at-
tention than the others, and from
which the farmer obtains his chief
income. This system has some-
times been called a mixed specialty.

On the Peninsula fruit growing
is the most profitable specialty we
can engage in, but I believe the
best results in fruit growing can be
obtained only by combining it with
a system of general farming. Only
in this way can We keep up the
fertility of our orchards and raise
fruit of the best quality.

Fruit and potatoes are two of the
leading specialties in the Grand
Traverse region, but in my opinion
they do not go well together. Both
are exhaustive on the soil and both
potatoes and apples need harvest-
ing at the same time. Those who
have a good apple orchard, it seems
to me, would do better to plant
more com, the product to be fed
out to stock on the farm.

Don t try to cultivate too much
land. I believe that one of the
greatest drawbacks to successful
farming is the desire for large
farms. The man who tries to cul-
tivate 160 acres of land, with the
means needed to cultivate only half
that amount, must work to a great
disadvantage. He would do better
to sell half the land, even though
he does not get all he considers it
worth, and concentrate his energies
on the remainder. The experience
of all business men goes to prove
that he who starts on a small scale
and gradually grows up with his
business is the most sure of ulti-
mate success. I have noticed in
the business of farming that those
who begin with small farms are
often able after a few years to buy
out their more unfortunate neigh-
bors who began farming with
limited means on too large a scale.

In buying seeds, live stock or
fruit trees I believe there are many
who do not realize that the best is
always the cheapest. It costs about
as much to raise a poor animal or
a poor tree as a good one, and there
is never so much profit in it. But
many of us have made mistakes in
the past, and find our farms sup-
plied with poor stock and poor
trees. What shall we do? Don't
try to make too radical changes at
once, but commence at once a line
of improvement. Grade up the
stock. If you have fruit trees of
unprofitable sorts top graft them
if they are worth it, if not replace
them with young, thrifty trees.

There are several other things
which, though not a part of farming
proper, are equally as essential to
the success of the business and to
the welfare of the farmer and his
family.

A complete record of transac-
tions is considered indispensable in
any occupation which is ordinarily
called a business; but the farmer
who keeps any account with his var-
ious crops so as to know with cer-
tainty what it costs to produce them
is the exception and not the rule.
As a crop correspondent I was
called upon for a series of five years
to report tothe Secretary of State
the actual cost of producing the var-
ious crops of the farm. The object
was to find the average cost of pro-
ducing a bushel of wheat, or of oats,
and so on with other crops. In
order to make this report I had to
keep an account with each crop and
have continued the practice ever
since. I have done some very poor
farming that did not pay, but I
have never raised a crop that was
planted on good soil and properly
taken care of, that did not show a
balance of profit, even in the poor-
est years.

Another important essential to
success in farming is an education.
I know there are some who think
that education is of little use on
the farm. But I do not refer
simply to the education of the
schools. A farmer must have
enough learning to know how to do
business, correctly. He must also
have learned how to perform the
mechanical part of farm work as a

this is acquired, other things being

FEBRUARY 1, 1893.

equal, the man who has the best
general education will make the
best farmer. Without this no
amount of education will bring suc-
cess. Farming is a business in
which practical experience counts
for so much that. we are often apt
to underrate the advantages of
higher education. VVe do not real-
ize how much we are indebted to
the researches of scientific men for
the measure of success we enjoy.

The last essential I shall men-
tion is that the farmer must
take pride in his work. He should
strive to be a good farmer for the
pleasure as well as for the profit
he can get out of it.

No one can ever succeed in any
enterprise who does not look be-
yond the mereymoney there is in it.
The true teacher enters heart and
soul into his work for the good of
his pupils; and the amount of his
salary has nothing to do with the
character of his teaching.

The farmer should remember
that his farm is his home, and that
his business is a part of his exist-
ence. It is largely his business
that makes him whathe is as a man
and a citizen. The influence sur-
rounding the farmer's home also
goes a good ways toward molding
the life and character of his family.
The farm furnishes most of the chil-
dren who become eminent in other
professions. He is 11ot the most
truly successful farmer whoarnasses
the greatest fortune, but rather he
who succeeds in making the ideal
home, which is the foundation of
national prosperity and the best
aid in the development of noble
character in that most important
of all tlfe farme-r’s Cr0ps———boys and
girls.

THE SELEt}’l‘ION OF A HORSE.

The Michigan Experiment Sta-
tion has sent out an advance bulle-
tinfrom the Veterinary department,
with a View of obtaining the opin-
ions of horsemen as to a scale of
points for judging of the external
conformations of the horse. The

bulletin states:

The further we go with the investigation,
the more we are struck with the close at-
tention that is given to the external con-
formation of other animals (dogs, cattle
sheep and swine) by the compilers of herd
books and others, while the conformation of
the horse is largely left to the haphazard
fancy of the observer; in view of this it
has been thought advisable to incorpo te
a scale of points (in a future bulletin on the
subject) for the different classes of horses
which are on the market for sale, or in the
show-ring for exhibition. Any scales of
points that have been brought under our
notice have hardly covered asmnch ground
as we think necessary, and while we feel
that those we have dravsn up are far from
perfect, yet they furnish more food for
thought than any we have seen.

In order that the admirers of the indi-
vidual classes may express their views upon
certain points of excellence, this advance
bulletin is projected with scales of points
arranged in accordance with the ideas of
the writer, at the same time with the re-
quest that those who are interested in the
production of better horses, or in aiding
beginners in the work of selection, will
make such zillerations or additions as to
them may seem proper, and by so doing
they will assist in the formation of :1 scale
of points which, coming from many who
are intimately concerned, may be looked
upon in the future as authority.

Every one interested in horses
should send for this bulletin, if he
has not already obtained it. Ad-
dress the Secretary, Agricultural
College, Mich., for bulletin 89.

ALUMINI GRANGE 585.

The officers of Alumini Grange
were installed on Jan. 7th by Bro.
M. W. Scott of Hesperia Grange.
Bro. Scott gave us an interesting
and instructive address concerning
the work and influence of the Order
in the past and its objects for the
future.

Our retiring Master, who is his
own successor, delivered his vale-
dictory and inaugural address in
one, by reviewing briefly the work
of the past year and inciting hope
for the future of our Grange.

Our Secretary reports 68 mem-
bers in good standing. Each fam-
ily in the Grange was supplied with
the GRANGE VISITOR last year, and
we think we had “ value received,”
and we expect to have every family
have it to read again this year.

We co-operated last year to the
extent of a car load each of salt
and plaster. Our Grange is en-
gaged in a yearly contest in which
we exhibit for points products of
the farm, garden, fancy work,handi-
work of brothers and sisters, bou-
quets, etc., and at the close of the
contest year defeated side treats to
a. general feast.

Ofiicers are M. Thompson, W.
M.; H. W. Crawford, W. L.; F. F.
Johnson, W. S.

H. W. Cmwronn, Lecturer.

 


. ._ €<“(‘.‘r/ .

 1; ‘tag. f

  

 

 

man GRALTGE vIsI'I_-‘on. ' 3

 

ATRONS’

PATRONS’ PAINT VVORKS have sold Ingersoll Paint to the Order I_’. of
H. since its organization. House Paints and Cheap Paints for Barns and Out’.-
buildiugs, 10,000 Farmers testify to their merits. - Grange Halls. Churches, School
Houses, Dwellings. all over the land, some of them painted 15 years ago, still
looking well. prove them the most durable.

AINT

MICHIGAN PATBONS “Buy direct from
Factory ” at full Wholesale Prices and
save all ltliddleme-n’s Profits.

O. W. INGERSOLL, Prop.

Oldest. Paint: House in America
241-243 Plymouth-st., Brooklyn

Ingersoll’s Liquid Rubber Paints
Indestructible Cottage and Burn Paint;

Sample Coior (':n'(lta. "('onii(lential” Grungp
Discounts, Eat in utes and full partlcnlums
IVIAILED F.Rl*.u. “Write at once.

Postal Jot-tings.

WILLIAMSTON GRANGE. NO. 115,

elected James E. VVebb, \Vorthy Master;
Mrs. llattie M. \Vebb, \Vorthy Lecturer;
N. Ira \Vinslow, Secretary.

 

BATH. N0. 6.39.

installed as officers: Master. B. Stampfly;
Lecturer Mrs. L. Lindsej ; Secretary, Mrs.
B. Stampfly.

 

MOLINE. N0. 248.

held its annual election Saturday evening,
Dec. 3t. The officers elected were as fol-
lows: Master, James H. Tanner; Lecturer,
Mrs. Judith Gilbert; Secretary, Arthur
Gilbert. 24.8 is looking hopefully forward
to a prosperous year.

 

BENGAL GRANGE, NO. 225.

We are having good meetings every Sat-
urday evening and taking in new members
and many of the old ones are coming back,
and we are in hopes of a larger membership
than we have had for some time.

SPRINGPORT GRANGE. NO. 45.

The following officers were elected for
the ensuing year: VVorth_v Master, James
A. Courtright; Lecturer, Louisa S. Hess;
Secretary. B. A. Joy; 42ml;-mbers were re-
ported in good standing at close of last year.

NEWBERG CENTRE GRANGE, NO. 695,

organized only 19 months ago, is doing
good work. \Vc number 5: members,
have good attendance, and are having ex-
cellent literary work this winter, the result
ofa contest which closes with our next
meeting. \\'e have just initiated a class of
seven and have more to follow.

 

FREMONT GRANGE, N0. 494,

installed Bro. E. E. Giddings as VVorthy
Master; Bro. Dan Mallery, \Vorthy Lect-
urer; Sister Belle VVhite, Secretary. Meet-
ings held every two weeksin the afternoon.
Retiring Master Bro. E C. Tinney has
served us two years. Subject for discussion,
“ Benefits of the Grange.”

BERLIN CENTER GRANGE. NO. 272,

installed as Master, Anon Otis; Lecturer,
Mrs.J. E. Morrison;Secretary,J. S. Locke.
We are engaged in a contest. The leaders
select a subject for the literary work, and
all recitations, essays or selections not re-
lating to the subject will count but half as
much as those that do.’ Our Grange is in
I flourishing condition.

BARNARI) GRANGE, NO. 689,

is in a prosperous condition, with 65 mem-
bers in good standing and taking in more.
Our literary program is interesting, the
young people taking an active part. It
consists of music, reading, recitations, dia-
Iogues, essays, discussions, etc. We are the
only Grange in Charlevoix county. Our
Worthy Master went as delegate to the
State Grange.

 

FRATEBNAL GRANGE, NO. 406,

held its annual meeting January I4, 1893.
The following named officers were elected,
and at once installed by installing officer N.
Adams. Master, Major Geo. VV. Wood-
ward; Lecturer, D, E. McClure; Secretary,
Wm. Barry. The dinner served was a
feast of fat things which the brothers and
sisters much enjoyed. Question for dis-
cussion at next meeting, '- How to make
home pleasant indoors, especially in the
winter season?”

FLUSEIING, NO. 387,

installed oflicers at its last meeting as fol-
lows: B. Turner, VVorthy Master; A.
Cole, Overseer; VVm. Mutton, Secretary.
John Passmore was recommended as dep-
uty for GCHCSCE county. Our Represent-
ative, J. C. Knight, was present and in

stalled our officers and after speeches from
the \Vorth_v Master and others all sat down
to well spread tables and enjoyed a bounti-
ful repasl. The members of Flushing
Grange are not carried away with the idea
of a road department; the present law is
good enough if the overseer will do his
duty. There has been a great improve-
ment in the roads in this county since the
road grader has been in use.

 

WHEATLAND GRANGE. N0. 2'13,

called to order after a business session by
Worthy Master Oaks, who introduced
Bro. Hutchins of Hanover, our State rep-
rescntative trom this district, who with his
assistants Bro. Nokes and Lady Assistant
Steward Matie Hawley, proceeded with the
installa ion of the new officers. The new
Master being seated, a speech from the re-
tiring Master was called for, to which he
pleasantly responded, after which the re-
maining otiicers were installed. Bro. Myers
favored us with pleasing music on his ac-
cordion, We had an old-fashioned “cheese
and crackers” lunch from the Grange.
After intermission Bro. Hutchins gave us
an account of the proceedings of the State
Grange, which was attentively listened to.
He thought our Grange the liveliest he
ever attended.

WEST HANDY, N0. 61

met Jan. /5, in regular session to install
officers. Brother I‘-‘red Dean of Brighton
had been invi’ed to perform this duty and
about 5 o'clock in the afternoon he came,
although it was a Cold stormy day, but
being well protected with wraps and rugs
he said he did not mind the ride of 22 miles
very much, and knowing the good cause
for which he was coming helped perhaps
to keep him warm. Brother Dean went
over the unwvitten work in a manner that
showed he understood it thoroughly. He

‘also gave a most excellent report from the

State Grange that plainly told all \vho heard
him that he did not go to Lansing as a
delegate to see the sights, but to fill his
mind so as to be able to give those who
could not go some idea of what the State
Grange is trying to do for us. He also
spoke a good word for THE GR.\.\'(;t-; VIS-
ITOR. Brighton Grange is to be congratu-
lated upon having Brother Dean as a mem-
ber. A committee upon \Voman’s \Vork
was also appointed by the Master.

CEDAR GRANGE. N0. 235.

Cedar Grange is once more busy and
thriving; her orlicers are ever alive to the
needs and necessities of an interesting and
profitable Grange. Although not ranking
among the largest in membership we can
boast, if boasting is allowable; if not, we
were encouraged during the year just ended
by the addition of twelve new and young
members, who add greatly to the life and
spirit ofa useful Grange as is shown by
the spicy and entertaining recitations and
readings, the interesting and valuable pro-
ductions in the form of original papers and
essays.

In our last program ‘\‘as a paper read on
the “ Care of Horses," in which the close
association of this particular animal with
the progress of civilization, his importance
in the many enterprises, especially agricul-
ture, the affection he at times evinces for
his master under care and kind treatment;
these phases, together with the kind of
food and manner of feeding, were ably
handled by the brother, after which was
an animated discussion of the subject gen-
erally. Believing in being alive to the
importance of current events of historical
moment our Lecturer is now giving the
subject of Columbus and the VV--t‘ld's Fair
aprominent part in our programs.
ofiicers are Chas. Mollette, l\l;tstcr; J. E.
Foote, Lecturer; \V, A. Sturgis, Secretary.

BR.-\N(.‘l{ POMONA.

Thursday, January 12th, was a
severly cold day, but not cold
enough to keep a large number of
Branch county Patrons from at-
tending the annual meeting of
Pomona Grange held at Coldwater
Grange hall that day. Every Grange
in the county was represented and
and the reports gave evidence of
good working Granges. A motion
to hold a county banner contest
was passed, and the committee in-
structed to prepare a scale of points
and make all necessary arrange-
ments, and report at the next meet-
ing, which will be at Girard Grange
hall, Thursday, Feb. 9th. Bro. J.
T. Studley of Union Grange was
chosen county Deputy.

Bro. Ira A. Martin, Pon1ona’s
delegate to the State Grange, gave
an interesting account of the pro-
ceedings of the last annual session
of that body. Election of officers
passed off quietly resulting in the
in the choice of Bro. A. L. Smith
of Girard Grange as Master and
sister I. A. Martin of Batavia
Grange as Secretary. The oflicers
were installed by Bro. C. G. Luce.
Surely Branch County Pomona
Grange is alive and awake, ready
to take up any work that will be for
the “Good of the Order” or that
will be of any benefit to mankind
in general.

The following is the report of
the retiring Secretary, published
by request of the Grange.

To THE OFFICERS AND MEMBERS
or BRANCH COUNTY POMONA GRANGE
——Again we assemble at our annual
meeting; again we turn our eyes
backward over the year that is now
numbered with the things of the
past. What do we see? A picture
presents itself to our view, and. as
we pause a. moment, it seems to
grow under our gaze. We see
brothers and sisters, both old and
young, hastening through the frosty
air, to the warmth and cheer offer-
ed by the good patrons of Girard.
In quick succession comes the hos-
pitality and hearty greeting of
Butler friends, where shelter from
the March winds is found for all.
Then the eye catches a. glimpse of
9. seemingly submerged continent,
but a closer view discloses a. Grange
hall and a. Windmill. There is 8.
legend about this mill. It is said
that at one time the country was cov-
ered with water, making it impossi-
ble for the unfortunate farmers to
find the fields wherein they wished
to raise crops. Finally one brainy
Patron of Husbandry devised a
plan that proved efficient. He as-
cended this windmill and, with the
aid of a long pole, located the lost
fields. Printed upon this scene in
large letters are the words, “In
Union there is Strength.” Again
the scene changes, and We see a lit-
tle band of earnest Patrons at

Our‘-

Quincy, giving the hand a hearty
shake and making each to feel that
he is as welcome as the flowers in
May. Following this comes 8 View
in August, this is a. dinner scene.
Pomona has traveled a long dis-
tance and now finds rest and re-
freshment around the table so well
supplied by Sherwood’s loyal Pa-
trons. Then we see. in a raw Oct-
ober Wind, multitudes of true Pa-
trons going from all directions to
the happy home of Batavia Grange.
We see the circle around the stove
grow larger and larger until the
hall is filled. The next is a No-
vember scene. The whole earth
seems shrouded in tears so sorrow-
ful is the day that the Master’s
chair is vacant and the tin-box is
not seen on the Secretary’s table,
still our eye detects a few faithful
ones dodging about between the
drops of rain. We feel that they
truly deserve a pension or medal
or something. But there seems to
be 9. balm in Gilead that cheers
and strengthens, and, judging from
the smiling faces, no sympathy is
needed.

This is What we see as we look

over the year, but this is not all,.

we have only looked upon the
pleasant scenes. But there has
been the dark hour; the hour when
our hearts were filled with sorrow.
It is when we loseby death one of
our beloved members, that we feel
and realize how strong our ties of
friendship are, as we meet from
time to time, and so sadly miss
brother Barnes, for he was so often
with us, still we can truly say,

‘'0 Brother! Not. in vain.
Thy life so calm and true."

As regards the condition of
Pomona Grange as an organization
we think We are safe in saying that
it is sound.

Its finances are in good condition
and it has a membership of 70.

There has been but one fifth de-
gree meeting , uring the year,
which is a falling oil‘ from the year
previous. The meetings, eight in
number, have been Well attended.
Through the efforts of Pomona
Grange, Bro. J. J. Woodman was
secured to give three lectures in
the county. The two days he was
in the county however, were the
most stormy and disagreeable of
any that could have been selected,
which of course materially affected
the attendance and results of such
lectures.

Although the Worthy Lecturer
has not been at home and therefore
was unable to attend many of the
meetings during the year, he has
arranged programs that have been
carried out as Well as possible.

Taking all in all, Branch County
Pomona Grange has many things
for which to be thankful and not a
few things of which to be proud.
Some new line of work should be
adopted, that the activity may be
kept up and increased if possible.
It is by constant effort that we at-
tain that higher manhood and
womanhood for which We are
striving.

Respectfully submitted.
CARRIE L. FISKE.

 

HI LLSDALE.

The January meeting of Hills-
dale Pomona for installation of
officers was held on the 5th at the
G. A. R. hall, city of Hillsdale.

The officers elect, as reported,
were duly installed by Brother
Haughey after his installation as
Worthy Master.

Reports from Subordinate
Granges were, on the whole, en-
couraging. A finance committee
was elected consisting of Bros. C.
Perrin, P. E. Rowe and W.Kirby.

An invitation was extended to
Lenawee County Grange to hold
two day's joint meeting with Hills-
dale Pomona in August next. Bro.
A. Edwards was appointed a com-
mittee to secure a place for such
meeting and to make all necessary
arrangements.

Sister Elects. Nokes was recom-
mended for assistant district dep-
uty lecturer.

The next meeting of Pomona will
be held with Wlieatland Grange on
the 22d of February next.

Wit. KIBBY.

I

7,_

WI Ml

HIGH ARM MACHINE $2.00 EXTRA.
Including one Year's Subscription to this Paper

We have made such arrangements as enable u8,to
offer the Chicago

SINGER SEWING MACHINES

at the above low rates. This machine is made
after the latest models of the Singer machines,
and is perfect fnc simile in shape, ornnmentatioil
and appearance. All the parts are made to guugm
exactly the same as the Singer. and are constructed
of precisely the some materials.

The utmost care is exercised in the selection of
the metals used, and only the very best uality i
purcliut-ed. Each machine is thoroug ly we
made and is fitted with the utmost nicety and
exactness. and no machine is permitted by the
inspector to go out of the shops until it has bee}:
fully tested and proved to do perfect work, and
to run lightly and without noise.

The ('.lucagoSinger Machine has a ver import»
am. improvement. in 3 Loose Balance ‘heel, so
constructed as to permit. winding bobbins with-
out removing the work from the machine

EACH MACHINE IS FURNISHED WITH
THE FOLLOWING A’I"I‘ACHl\lE.\'TS'.,'

 

HEMMERS. RUFFLEI-I. TUCKER. PACKAGE ‘OF NEEDLES. CHE(‘K SPRING, THROAT
PLATE. WREN(‘.IrI, THREAD (‘UT'[‘ER. BINDER. BOBBINS, SCREW DRIVER, GAUGE.
GAUGE SCREW. OIL-CAN, filled with Oil, AND INSTRUCTION BOOK.

The driving wheel on this machine is admitted to be the simplest. easiest running and most con-
venient of any. The machine is so-If-threadin v. made of the best. material. with the wearing parts
hardened. and is finished in a superior style. Flt has veneered cover, d rop-leaf table, 4 end drawers.
and (‘enter swing drawer. The manufacturers warrant every machine for :3 years.
ch They say: "Any machine not satisfactory to a subscriber, we will allow returned and will refund

e money.

Price including one yaar’s subscription. $15. Sent by freight. receiver to pay charges.

name of freight station if dillerent from post—olIico nddress.

This Machine will be sent for $10.00 Cash and 10 New Sub-
scr-ipt.ions to the VISITOR. at 50 cents each.

Address. with the money,
GRANGE VISITOR, LANSING, MICH.

Give

_ . .. .  _,.,L ,L,. _ . I
If you want a good organ for the Schook
room or Grange why not take this oppor-

tunity of securing one at a remark-
ably low rate. We are ofiering the famous

om panion Organ

as a premium to those who will secure us
new subscribers.
liere is What the Manufacturers Say for it-.:

There can be no better organ made for its
size than our Companion N0. 2. The action
is easy, responds quickly to the touch, and
is in all respects as tine quality as the actionp
in our larger organs. The bellows is capa-
cious, pumps easily, and a child can suppl
Wind to the reeds without difficulty. Th
roads are of the best. quality, strong, ric
perfectly tuned, and of sufficient volume B
lead a number of voices. It contains the
swell.

It is made with strong. handsome lamp-
stands, with ornamented ends and front.
The cases are made in dark hard wood,
over all. 45 in. tlepth. 15in. finished in oil and hand-rubbed.
ly boxed about. 140 pounds. Each organ has the same WARRANT
FOR EIGHT YEARS as is given with ourlarge instruments. In all our experienc
as organ manufacturers we have never produced an organ of equal capacity an
price that gives us more satisfaction than this new Companion No. 2.

And Here i What the Publishers of The Youtlrs Companion says of it:
41 Temple Place, Boston, .Mass,, May 3, 18.90.

THE.BE.3T

 

DIMENSIONS—Helglit, 42 in. Length of
octave. over all, 39 in. Length of 5 octave.

Weight, secure-

E. P. CARPENTER Co.:
Gentlemen——We have used organs made by your company for several years.
They have given us entire satisfaction. Yours truly, PERRY, MASON & Co.
The Youth’s Conzpaniob.

Lansivig, Mich., Oct. 2.9, 1892.
I can recommend it. to
H. R. PATTENGILL

Ami litre is What “I’nt" Says of it: ,
Tun GRANGE V1s1:roR~’l‘he organ you offer is O. K.
teachers for their school-rooms.

Every school house should have an organ. Get the pupils interested, and
the parents, and the sch Jolboard and you can easily get one. We will sent!
this organ, which sells tor 30.00, with bench and a 216 page instructor, for
Sixty New Subscribers at fifty cents a year, and 10.00 cash, receiver...
to pay freight. The organ weighs, ready for shipment, about 140 pounds
You‘can’t do better than to try for this splendid premium.

THE‘. GRANGE. VISITOR, bansingt Mich

llll nous lIllPllNllINlllN8lRllMllll8

Alli) Allll OIIE llllltlnlll Ill VALUE T0 YOUR C0CllllllI4‘.l.l

Simple Plain Cheap
Anyone Can Use Them Successfully
All About Caponizing
DOW’S CAPONS AND CAPONIZING

That Tells You all About the work. The Advanta es—’I'oola 1-9-
A  quirod—How to do it—Btrds to caponize— Proper; age— lime— ow to make it

t.able—How to dress a C8pO11—~Fe6d and care required, etc.. etc.

0
Price, Cloth Fifty Gents, Post Paid

KN 0FFER__M¢

We have made arrangements with George l‘. Dow, North Epping‘, N. I13,
who is the inventor and manufacturer of DOW’S FAPONIZING INSTRU?
MENTS, and author of “ DOW’S (‘AI'0NS AND CAPONIZINII,” a book of
sixty pages, illustrated, fully describing the operation and advantages attende-
ing 1t,—-to supply our readers with either of the same at the following terms:

Dow's Faponizing Instruments. with inntructions, post paid, per set. . . . $2 :’
Dow's Book. “Uapoun and bapontzing_, sixty D8863. illustrated cloth, . -
Dow‘; (‘nponizing Instruments andthin paper one year, . . . 2 -'59‘
Dow's Book, " (lupons and Caponinimz," and this paper one year . jj
Dow's Instruments, Book, and this paper one year, . . . 2 4

For a club of fifteen new subscribers we will give as a premium a set. of Dow's
Caponizing Instruments.
For a club of twenty new subscribers, Dow's Instruments and Book.
For five new subscribers, a copy of “ Dow’s Capone and Cuponizing.”
Postage paid on Instruments, Book and Paper, in all cases.

    

desirinz to ndvnnee
in irade, and others
to ecome teachers
_ attend the Norm
ept. oftne Grand Ra.p1ds(.Vl1cu )BusIness C t
less. For particulars. address A. S. 1’ '

$ A I)AY(Farmer preferred) g
I in each count . selling g-— —%
(:'lAN'I‘ WIRE F‘l~‘.l CE
WIRE STRE'l‘CHl:Z)§.\‘.wFeuc,g I
° . to or (‘lI'f‘I1 ar.
°°'°° H’ '°'"' W ' T. J. Iunas. Wnnseon, 0.

 

 

ORKS


  

.....,«.-. wsm.-.-st.-......-.-.....-....- . ............. >—4V—/H .. .. .,

....-M. vs. . w

tr-.* ~ -

THE, GRANGE VISITOR.

FEBRUARY 1, 1893.

THE GRANGE VISITOR

Published on the lot and 15th of every month.

Kenyon b. Butterfield. Editor and Manager.
LANSING. MICIL.

‘lb _whom all_ exchanges. communication. Bdver
heiésg business and subscriptions shou
sun .

TERMS 50 Cents a Year, 25 Cents for Six
Honths. In Clubs of 20 or more 40 cents
per year each. Subscriptions payable in
advance. and discontinued at expiration, unless
renewed.

?‘Remittances should be by Registered Letter,
oney Order or Draft. Do not send stamps.

Entered at the Postofiice at Lansing, Mich.. as
S_ooond Class Matter.

Our Offers.

I. For one new name for one year We
will send a copy of Blur/E Br'auI_)'.

' II. To any one sending in 5 new sub-
xribers for one ear we will send the V15-
[TOR one year rm.

Ill. To any one sending in 15 new sub-
scribers for one year, we will send the set
of Eliot's works.

IV. To any one sending 30 new sub-
scribers for one year we will send Dicken's
complete works.

V. To any one sending 30 new szzbscrz'b-
er: for one year and $5.00 \ve will send a
Webster or Worcester Dictionary. Or we
wilt send the same for 60 new mzmcs.

VI. For 60 new subscribers for one year
and $1000 we will send the Companion
organ. Or we will send it for 120 7I("lt'
subsrrilwrs for one year.

Do not send stamps.

Send in your names as fast as you get
them, with the money, stating what pre-
mium vou are working for.

Begin now, -

A DOUBLE HEADER.

Miss Annie J ewett of Maple
Rapids, ha.s secured both Dickens
and Eliot as premiums. Mrs.
Hinds of Stanton, has secured the
organ. This shows what some peo-
ple can do.

YOU WILL NOTICE

that we have omitted the cuts de-
scribing a portion of our premi-
ums, on page 5. We were forced
to do this because our increased
advertising made this necessary.
The premiums continue just the
same however, and we shall be
glad to fill orders at any time. But
we felt that we were, perhaps, en-
croaching upon the space due our
readers.

NEI/VS NOTES.

, We have revived the column of
“News Notes” but in a little differ-
ent form. Instead‘of merely men-
tioning current events, we shall try
to give the status of leading topics to
date, occasionally with comments;
so that the notes will be semi-ed-
itorial in character. We think that
this will better suit our readers and
will be of more value for our
columns.

LECTURER’S DEPA TMENT.

Geo. Austin Bowen, Master of
the Conneticut State Grange, in a
letter requesting extras of the last
issue, takes occasion to say, “I de-
sire it for the capital “Hints to
Lecturers,” which is one of the
best things we have seen lately.
I wish that every Lecturer in the
union could read it.” Lecturers
will do well to thoroughly read and
think over the articles in both the
last and the current issues, under

- the Lectui-er’s Department.

 

PARTISAN MALIGNITY.

“After his retirement from the
oflice to which another had been
elected, Mr. Hayes returned to his
home in Fremont, where he con-
tinued until his death in the peace-
ful pursuit of raising chickens.”-—
N. Y. Sun.

This was written after Mr. Hayes’
death. Has it come to this, that

the vultures of partisan politics

are not content to annoy the living, a

but must hover with their black
wings and evil eyes at the grave-
side?

EQUALIZE THE BEIVEFITS.

All our Readers will be interest- |
ed in the article on page one, with
the above caption. _

A second article on the same sub-
ject will appear in the next number
of the VISITOR, showing by statis-
tics taken from the census reports
the large profits from manufactur-
ing and the small profits (or want

 

of profit) from farming. The
author, Mr. S. B. McCracken, of
Detroit, is well known as an expert
in his line. He would be pleased
to lecture before Granges, etc., on
some of these topics, and is open

be to calls for the same.

TO SECRETARIES.

We want to ask once more of you,
will you not see that the members
of your Grange are “after” new
subscribers. We are glad to say
that the new names are coming
rapidly, and yet there are hundreds
of Patrons, to say nothing of those
not members of the Order, who
ought to have the VISITOR in their
homes. We can secure these if
our friends will still help us. Can
not your Grange get one or two
new names each week. from now
to April 1st?

oUR'3oT.4NY ARTICLE.

Mr. Dewey, whose contribution
will be found on page seven, should
be known to all Michigan farmers,
because of his labors for agricult-
ure and because he received his
education at the Michigan Agricul-
ture College. He remained after
graduation, assisting in botanical
work. He went to \Vashington in
1890, and has since given particular
attention to the study of grasses.
His work has been of so high an
order that it is bringing him rep-
utation.

The modest reference to the work
done by him in Dakota in inves-
tigating the Russian thistle this
last fall, is of a piece with his
character.

AN EXPLANA TION.

There were a large number of
subscriptions which expired with
the issue of Jan. 1, among whom
were a great many Grange members.
We knew that these would renew
and did not Wish to deprive them of
even one issue. So we did not cut
out any of those whose time was
out Jan. 1. However we cannot
longer carry those who have not
renewed, and all such will have
their names taken from the list at
once. Of course we can’t distin-
guish between those who “ are
going” to renew and those who do
not care to renew.

If you don’t want the paper any
longer, don’t be afraid to read
this issue~it won’t cost you any-
thing.

F. H. R. C.

As has been mentioned in these
columns, the Agricultural College
has had in preparation circulars
descriptive of the F. H. R. C.—-
Farm Home Reading Circle——of
Michigan. Those circulars are now
ready for distribution and can be

had by sending a card to
L. A. CLINTON,
AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE,
MlCH.,
who is secretary of the Circle? The

pamphlet gives complete informa-
tion, and even if you can not take
up the reading, send for the circular
that you may know what the course
is like.

“To Want to say just a word to
our readers in regard to this course.
It is not a new idea, but is modeled
on a plan that has proved success-
ful. The subjects are varied; you
can find almost any line you want.
There is no expense except for
books, and they are all standard;
besides the price is on an average
of one third below what you can
buy them for anywhere else.

This course will be especially
valuable for younger farmers. By
taking one “course,” or part of one,

leach winter until all are read, you

will have acquired a varied and
fairly complete knowledge. You
can go on indefinitely in any course.
There is material enough that can
be added from year to year so that
you can have abundant reading for
40 years to come.

A word of advice. Take one

course, buy one book; read that

book thoroughly, completely, two
or three times, until you know the
book. This won’t be fun, but your
next book will be mastered much
easier. Yes there's the word,
Mastery! Don’t slide through a
book half asleep, master every idea
in it, and make up your mind as to
the value of each idea. Take the
line of work that ‘suits you best
and stick to it “if it takes all sum-
met” and Winter. After you have
read a book thoroughly and there
are questions to ask, send them in
to the secretary and he will have
them answered.

Farmers,—Young farmers of
Michigan,——here is your opportun-
ity. Here is alever which if you use
wisely will enable you to move the
World. Will you grasp it with the
strength of men who have a purpose
in life, and who intend to do all in
their power to elevate their calling?

ARE WE REVIVING?

A letter from a gentleman, not a
Patron, but a subscriber of the
VISITOR, and a resident in a rich
farming country, says: “ I am not
a member of the Grange. \Ve have
no Grange here. I wish however that
there were one, I should be glad to
join.” Patrons of Michigan, there
are many, many, just such com1nu-
nities in this State where there
ought to be a Grange. The field
is white unto harvest——where are
the laborers? All we need is a lit-
tlc work, a little patience, a little
push. The Grange is ready to
march forward. The farmers are
ready for the Grange to come to
them. Shall we remain idle, halt-
ing, when success, progress, power
are before us?

ROADS AND BICYCLES.

The bicycle men——manufacturers
and riders-want good roads. They
are hard at work too to secure good
roads, and probably they will con-
tinue to agitate the matter until
some results appear. Apparently
many farmers have come to think
that because thesetiicn are favoring
good roads. they,”the farmers, must
therefore antagonize the whole idea.
They seem to fear that the bicyclists
are plotting some dread scheme to
foist upon the unsuspecting ruralist.
This is 11ot true of all farmers, but
of a good many. Now there are
several things for farmers and es-
pecially for the Grange to think of.

(1) A road on which a bicyclist
can not travel with a fair degree
of ease and speed is not an eco-
nomical road for the farmer to
maintain. Whether the obstructions
be mud, or sand, or heavy dust or
ruts, neither loads nor carriages
can be drawn to advantage, if the
way is so poor that a bicyclist has to
perspire and dismount and—not
sWear—~but——-:( ?). If you
don’t believe it, try it.’ If horses
could speak they would confirm
this, every word of it.

(2) About half the money ex-
pended for roads is wasted. Are
we going to stop the leak? If Mr.
Bailey's figures are correct, and we
have not heard them disputed,
Michigan wastes annually over
one million dollars that should go
for roads. We can’t afford this.
The first measure should be to rem-
edy this extravagance.

(3) We need pay no attention
to the bic_I/clisls.
to show the need of better roads;
We recognize that already. We do
not need to fear that a road depart-
ment will be esta.blished—not with
the U. S. treasury in its present
condition. We don’t need to fear
that some mysterious power is going
to build a lot of stone roads in our
town and then make us pay for
them. What we do need to remem-
ber is this —that there is a necessity
existing for better roads. Our busi-
ness is to see that we appreciate
the situation and then apply the
remedy without reference to what

the bicycle men want.

They are trying‘

DEATH’S HARVEST.

It is rarely that even a semi-
monthly paper has to chronicle in
one issue the death of so many
prominent men as have passed
away recently.

Ben Butler——the erratic, he of
“contraband” and New Orleans
fame. The uiversal verdict seems
to be summed thus: Of strong per-
sonality and vigorous will; a cord-
ial lover and a deep hater; able,
but vacillating; energetic, but lack-
ing purpose; prominent politically,
but rarely successful. Rough and
rugged, he attracted as only such
men can attract. With less pe-
culiar manifestations of his ideas,
with more of singleness of aim.
with more of nobility of purpose,
his hold upon the ballots of the
people might have elevated him to
high and continued public service.

Senator Kenna of West Virginia
was one of the younger members
of the body. He seems to have
been a man of learning and cult-
ure and to have possessed qualities
of true statesmanship. Although
he was not known familiarly by
name by the great mass of people,
among his confreres he seems to
have gained a position of great con-
fidence, respect and esteem.

Rutherford B. Hayes;-with the
exception of Grover Cleveland the
last of the ex-presidents. In some
respects he was the ideal of Ameri-
can citizenship. His home life was
notably sweet and pure; his honors
were high and unsought; his pub-
lic life was stainless; his retirement
was noble in its dignity and works.
He was unfortunate in being made
the subject of virulent partisan at-
tacks, which are unparalleled in
our recent history for venom and
injustice. Through it all he re-
tained his manhood. It was said
that he was weak. He may not
have possessed qualities that have
marked many of our public men;
but he was not weak. He surround-
ed himself with able men, and his
administration, considering the cir-
cumstances surrounding it, was able
and strong. After his retirement
he devoted himself to re-formative
and charitable work. Even here
the malevolence of political enemies
followed him but never to his hurt.
VVhen the verdict of history is
passed upon Rutherford B. Hayes
and his work, all their integrity and
strength and manliness and nobil-
ity will be written, and the malig-
nity and hatred a11d prejudice will
be obliterated.

Associate Justice Lamar was a
Confederate soldier. He believed
in his cause but lost. His advance-
ment to the Supreme bench was a
recognition of the fact that section-
alism, if not dead, must die. His
career was marked by ability and
honor.

Phillips Brooks’ name had be-
come one of the most honored and
loved of any in our country. His
personality seems to have been
magnetic and by his rapid, simple,
direct oratory he swayed the multi-
tudes who listened to him. By
many he was regarded as America’s
most eloquent pulpit orator. He
will be ranked, not only among our
great preachers and our great think-
ers, but among our great men.

James G. Blaine. It is not neces-
sary to devote space to a eulogy
upon James G. Blaine. Without
regard to party, men admired. All
know his history. All appreciate
his position. It were a waste of
words to attempt to inform or en-
lighten upon these. Sufiice to say
that the romantic, almost tragic
career is closed, and historians can
now prepare to write the story of a
life at once unique and powerful.

FORWARD MARCH!

The new year in Grange Work is
well commenced. _

The watch words should be with
every Grange and every member,
Advance! and Excelsior! New
hopes and new ofiorts in behalf of
the Order. The Grange is intended
to unite the farmers of our count
in one g reat and grand brotherhoo
Not a few, not a small portion of
them, but practically all of them.
To increase our influence and use-
fulness let us increase our numbers,
let this be the great work before
us the coming year. Let every
Grange resolve itself into a com-
mittee of the whole upon the ques-
tion of recruiting for the ranks.
Let every member, young and old,
present to neighbors and associates
the benefits and opportunities of-
fered and gained by association
with you. Explain that the Grange
is not what it should be without
them and their help. That it is
what numbers and intelligent guid-
ance make it. Remember that the
future of the Grange depends upon
the young people of today. Invite
them especially. to become mem-
bers and workers with you. They
never fail to become interested if
given a chance and are the life of
a Grange that gives them encour-
agement.

The new lecture system is now
well on the way in several counties.
County Deputies, with full power
to organize and reorganize are now
appointed in about thirty counties
and fully twenty more will be ap-
pointed during the next two weeks.
All have promised to work faith-
fully for the upbuilding of the
Order.

Members of the Grange every-
where should give all the assistance
and encouragement possible. VVhen
you have notice of the State Lec-
turer coming your way, do all pos-
sible to have the meeting count for
your Grange. Establish a plan of
campaign that will do work after
the Lecturer is gone, so that the
most possible good may come from
the visit. If all put their shoulder
to the wheel and lift together, it
will be a year to be long remem-
bered in our history for its great
progress.

The following is a list of Depu-
ties and assistant Lecturers:

COUNTY DEPUTIES. ;

R. H. Taylor ____________ “Shelby, Oceana County
\\'m. B. Lnngle_v____Ccntcr\‘iIlc, St.Joscph County
A. D. B:1nk_,.___ _,_____,l.:1n.~'ing, Eaton County
F. \V. ll:u'cns.__ _Fitchl>urg. Inglmm County
,Crvstnl, Montcalm County
__,St.John.s, Clinton County
Adrixm. Lcnzuvee County
.l)m\/ling. Barry County

 
     
  
 

Geo. ll. Lester__
J. \V. Ennc-rt.
E. ‘V. .~\llis,____
Geo. Bowser __

T. F. Rorlgt.-r.< _ _ _ _ _, Rnvennzi. Muskegon County
Mrs, E. D. Nokcs_ _\\'hc:|tl;mLl, llillsdnle County
J. t\. Courtright _____ __Duck Lake, Jackson County
Jzimes D. Stndlcy _ _ _ , _ ,Union Citv, Brunch County

\V. \V. C2u‘tcr,_ ,_ Ashlzintl, Ncwaygo County
Mary A. .\'l2r\'o ____, Bnttlc Crc-ck, Culhv-un County
Robert Dockerv ,__, Rockford, Kent County
James Grcasen W, , _ l\':1lk:Iskn, Kzilkaskzi County
E. O. l.2l(l(l__()lll .\iission, Grand Tr:u'ersc County
R. V. Llurk , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ A ,_BuClr.man, Bcrricn Cnunty
John l’:1<smorc_ _ , _ _, ___l<‘lushing, Gcncsce County
liirzim Brzulshmv North Bmnch, Lupe-er County

Robert Alward ._ _llu(lsnn\'illc, Ottzuvzi County
Hellen A. Fiskc_ _I.:1wrcncc, Van Burcn County
D. H. _Engli.<h _ _ _ _ , Chzmdler, Ionizi County
\\'m. Clark__ _A_ ___Ch;irievnix, Cliarlcvoix County
N. K. Potter” . ____,B:mcroft. Shi-.I.\v:i.'~'scc County

The following assignment of
counties for Lecture work has been
made. Others will soon be added
to the list.

Jason \Voo(lman——St.Jnscph. Barry, Eaton. lngham
Mrs. Mary A. .\I:i_vo—(,‘:ilhoun, Branch, Hillsdale.
Hon. Thos. Mnrs—Genesee, Lupecr, Oakland.
State Lecturer A. J. Croshy——Ott.1wa, Mnskegon,
Occrma, N|:\\':ly;_ro ,
A. D. Bank— Clinton. Montcalm, Kent, Ionia.

Other Lecturers are soon expect-
ed to take the field. Read the
VISITOR for news from the work.
You are interested.

GEO. B. HORTON.

A WARNING.

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN THROUGH
THE VISI'I'OR~———Tl1is is the time of
the year for agents of all kinds to
put in their work, and I warn all
to look out for the butter factory
agent from Chicago; look well in
the contract before you sign it,
and never sign it till you have
a contract from those that take
stock, pledging 400 cows to start
with. If there is any Patrons on
whom the factory racket is being
worked ask questions through
the VISITOR and I will answer from
experience.

H. D. PLATT.

The contest between large and
small farms, between landlordism
and a peasant condition is surely
coming. It will be fortunate in-
deed for us if we can take the
middle ground and can ever pos-
sess a body of farmers of moderate
means and of independent charcter.

 

An electric road is building from
Chicago to St. Louis, over which
passengers will be carried at a rate

of 100 miles an hour.

 


 

_ FEBRUARY 1, 1893.

 

[HE GRANGE VISITOR.

The beclure Field.

_Il-lecturérs of Pomona and Subordinate Granges
5" C0“ " 3f3V0Y. bv sendi their’P. 0. ad-
resses to me. that I may be ab e to send to them
direct when desired.
Tfisxlautt, Mich.

A. J. Caesar, In.
4

A Visit.

_A. J. Crosby J r., State Lecturer,
will make a tour of lecture work
through the counties of Ottawa,
Muskegon, Oceana and Newaygo,
in the order given, commencing
Il_‘ebruary 6th. The County Depu-
ties are putting forth every elfort,
aided by the membership, to make
it a campaign of success, and others

are to follow as fast as we can get
to them. I

 

Grange Work.

There is no community in which
the imaginative working minds
may not suggest subjects for con-
sideration and thought, either on the
plan of debating the question pro
and con, thus schooling the par-
ticipants in the excellent drill of
parliamentary rules and practices
while they are communicating the
lessons no less to those who listen
and observe, and at the same time
so mold and temper their own ways
and manners as to be pleasing and
attractive, subduing and control-
ing their zeal and feelings from
the effects of impassionate and un-
due excitement, which ever wins
the approbation and esteem of as-
sociates by courtesy and kindness,
especially in cases when decisions
or rulings are against you. Very
many times the very best lessons
and the entire influence as an edu-
cator is lost to the Grange by not
carefully following those conven-
tional forms which are the accepted
guides of meetings, these innova-
tions being allowed to relieve the
presiding officer from the duty of
disciplining, or from timidity be-
cause the offender is so old or that it
was only accidental. No persons with
the intelligence fitting them to take
a part in such exercises will hesitate
in the least to correct an error or
who would not feel better pleased
at having illustrated a lesson upon
some point by being corrected
and cheerfully conforming than to
leave the floor with the knowledge
that they had evaded a rule with
impunity and made an exhibition
of their ignorance or willfulness to
be cbpied by others as precedent,
and thus thwart the good intended
and perhaps much of the pleasure
sought. ‘What is it to go through
a debate or contest? Is it not to
work in the strictest conformity to
certain necessary plans and methods
and to the best of our ability, and
accomplish all the points of gain
possible, that they may be counted
in making one of two aggregates,
one of which must of necessity be
in minority in order that any
satisfaction should come of the re-
sult and which yields only the
sweetest enjoyment when defeated
as well as winning parties take
their parts gracefully and with
more vigor and increased strength
stand ready for the next.

While this contesting plan of
discussing questions has its many
good lessons, it should not become
the all-absorbing model through
which every subject should be
ground. Remember “ variety is the
spice of life,” and not every person
can or will work easily in that line.
Therefore our Lecturers and leaders
of programs should not leave the
introduction and management of
subjects to come up haphazard and
lacking method; better assign them
to a few to lead in introducing by
special preparation, bringing their
work on the subject Written as a
paper or essay, a talk, or by the
reading of articles from others, and
especially insist upon the necessity
of putting thought and efiort in the
work, bearing in mind that it is not
for the purpose of merely filling a
place or killing time, but that they
are devoting themselves to the bene-
fit of others in bringing out that
history and information on the
subject which may be plain and
commonplace to them, yet new
light and necessary to most of their
hearers to assist them ID. a fair
knowledge or correct of ll}: VVe
suggest that every Grange In the

'State can profitably devote some

time of perhaps two or three meet-
ings upon the “ Road question ;”
other associations of. men are work-
ing lively upon the subject, and
their views put out in every possi-
ble direction are fast becoming the
opinion and voice of the masses,
and in lack of consideration or
views from any other standpoint is

-as laborers in this field and may

fast being accepted by the farmers.
This, as well as many others. is in
the direct province of the Grange
and of vastly too much importance
to be indiiferently neglected until
settled upon us by work of general
opinion and legislative action not
properly directed from the farmers’
standpoint. Lecturers should not
wait for somebody to propose action
but commence at once, lead out, and
be surprised at what you can ac-
complish. VVith full confidence in
your final success we say go on, be

of good cheer.
A. J. Caossr, JR.

TO ALL COMMITTEES ON WOMAN’S
WORK IN THE GRANGE.

LADIES AND Sis'rEiis:—-It is one
of the “Land Marks” of the Grange
that education is the corner stone
on which the agriculturist must
build his improvements. In fact
it may be safely stated that the
sheet anchor of the Republic itself
is the better education of the child-
ren of the industrial classes. The
colleges of the world are the com-
mon schools of our country. The
Michigan State Grange at its last
session adopted resolutions favor-
ing better knowledge by our order
of the condition and needs of our
schools through visits of com-
mittees from Subordinate Granges.
This is clearly in the line of
“ Woman’s work in the Grange”
Kindly see to it that not a term
passes and if possible not a school
month passes without an oflicial
visit from you to all the schools
within the jurisdiction of your
Grange; carefully note and thor-
oughly consider how the vast sum
of money expended in Michigan
for the education of our children
may be more elfectively applied to
the purpose for which it is design-
ed. Report in writing to your
Grange, secure time from your
Lecturer for the consideration of
your report and on the floor of
the Grange defend the ideas there-
in advanced. \Vhen the annual
school meeting occurs next sum-
mer“ be there" and in a ladylike
manner, with your voice and vote
throw woman’s influence in the
balance in such a manner as shall
tend to the elevation and improve-
ment of our schools.

In this work we shall have the
powerful aid of the Master. the
Lecturer, the Deputies, and all the
officers of the State Grange. I
feel constrained to anticipate that
the Superintendent of Public In-
struction will gladly welcome us

deem our mission of siilficient im-
portance to furnish blanks upon
which we may make full reports to
his office and to the State Grange.

MARY SHERWOOD Hmvs.

Chuirrncm Committee on W0mcm’s
Work ZlIichi'gan Stale Grange.

ENDYMION.

The rising moon has hid the stars,

Her level rays, like golden bars,
Lic on the landscape green,
\\'ith shadows brown between.

And silver white the river glealns,
As if Diana, in her (lrciiins,
Had dropt her silver bow
Upon the meadows low.

On such a tranquil night as this,
She woke Endymion with a kiss,
\Vhen, sleeping in the grove,
IIc dreamed not of her love.

Like Dian’s kiss unasked, unsought,

Love gives itself, but is not bought;
Nor \‘0lCe,_ nor sound betrays
Its deep. impassioned gaze.

It comes,~—the beautiful, the free,
The crown of all hum2inity;—
In silence and alone
To seek the elected one.

It lifts the boughs, whose shadows deep

Are Li£e’s nblivion, the soul’s sleep,
And kisses the closed eyes
Of him, who slumbering lies.

0 weary hearts! 0 slumbcring eyes!

0 drou ing souls, whose destinies
Are rziu ht with fear and pain.
Ye shall e loved again!

No one is so accnrsed by fate,

No one so utterly desolate,
But some heart, though unknown,
Responds unto his own.

I{csponds,~—as if with uiisccn wings,
An angel touched its quivering strings;—
And whispers, in its song,
" \Vherc hast thou stziye so long ?"
-1.0/I,g7/'e'//mu.

 

X It WS NOTES.

woiu.i>’s FAIR OPENING.

A strong pressure is being brought to
bear upon Congress for the opening of the
the VVorld’s fair on Sunday. Hundreds of
petitions have been handed in favoring the
repeal of the bill The chances seem to be
however, that this will not be done. The 
fact that the Fair has got the money ap- l
propriated by the bill will militate against
repealing the Suiiday closing clause.

“**=l<

THE .\N’I‘I-OPTION BILL. 1

4

The anti-option bill has stood in the way
of Senate legislation ever since the holi-
days, being put off from week to week.
The chances seem to favor its passage.

=i<** ,

THE QUARANTINE BILL.

The bill that passed the House last week
provides that l‘ All vessels clearing for the

A Copy of the Famous Book
I

vice consul at the port of departure a bill
of healih. The President is authorized to
detail a medical oflicer to serve in the oflice
of the consulate at any foreign port for the
purpose of furnishing information and giv-
ing the bills of health. The marine hos-
piial service shall co-operate with state and
municipal boards of health in the enforce-
ment of the rules of such boards, and the
regulations prescribed by the Secretary of
the Treasury to prevent the introduction of

MICHIGAN STUCK BHEEDERS.

All those who wish to purchase pure-
bred stock of any description, will find
it to their advantage to correspond
with some of the following well-
known breeders.

DO YOU READ

any of the following papers and mag:
zines? If so you can make money by

sending to us, thus getting the Visrron
for nothing in some cases, and in some
instances you can get a first-class mag-
azine and the VISITOR for less than the
price of the magazine. Send cash with
order. Remember that it you subscribe

contagious and infectious diseases into the
United States from foreign countries and
from one state into another, but nothing

SHROPSHIRE SHEEP

now you get the VISITOR until January
1, free.

AGRICULTURAL PAPERS.

sllall. be construed to warrant a federal om l¥:.:;?.l:;:rs::::°.f.“i"i:t:.Er?3::.£::l:::::'1;:f Res-» Pm
Clal In relaxing Slate TUle5- sonableasnny Reliable Br. eder can sell Ifvou bu; vi ‘ivtnh
 .. .~ . l - _ ~_ ‘ ' . prce. sot.
* * * . E.‘.”,'..'§§§‘,‘Zt.“nIZl§’é.k£3731§..§’.i“£.i”£i.§°y‘§.ilil'r’i An-‘eerlcglll Agriculturlst--- $1.50 $1.50
IN ENGLAND. Ohio harnier __________ __ 1.00 1.35
_ E- C» L- MUMFORD &  Farm News _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ 25 65
Gladstone has returned from a vacation Moscow MICHIGAN Western Ru 1 -th
* r in - -
‘.’.2‘.‘“§.‘i.‘.’.'.‘.E.‘.“.°“l.'.;‘“{.§:‘.%..t.;‘£itl"..if.  ' Market lee’v?«a’w—7‘-——--- 2-25 
. . Prairie Farmer _____ - _ 1 00 1 20
1 . _ -- . t . .
Refit:  tall’: tpresfflted fihgret are if   Breeders’ Gazette_-__-___ 2.00 2.00
p t t 1:); s Otfiiflb uiziwg , u I ey o ‘ BAY CITY, MICK Farmers‘ Review ....... __ 1.25 1.50
noAs<lei¢:iti{ie céivéerziirin ics3ucr;ueSe;j by the fact successor to .Vll<.I;l:1I)l).rIt.e;§:1ll|<dlI< of Coifintry,)Gentleinan (state 2 50
th h . f . . ' i new ____ -; ________ __ . 2.50
. “.E:..:.r°:.".§.:E:l.“1*.::.° ..‘:.§l’~.l.:.l3,‘:.:l.:::s‘::‘. . HEREFWD CATTLE  Judsll am  1-00 1-20
Enuland and appointed an enemyof Great an SHROPSHIRE SHEEP Green_’s Frpit Grower-___ 50 75
Bri=t’ain' ' But he reversed his decision on (‘hoicc stock of both kinds furs -.le. Prices reason. Practical I‘ armer ______ __ 1.00 1.25
peremptory orders from the British minis- am”. Concspfindeum suhmed' The Farm Journal """ " 50 70
ter. There does not seem to be :1 very MAGAZINES-
lively prospect of serious trouble.   Atlantic Monthly ______ __ 4.00 3.70
The English government desires to pro- Cosmopolitan __________ __ 3.00 3.00
tect its interests in the Suez canal and vir—  HaI'per’s Monthly _____ __ 4.00 3.50
tualh" permanently 099‘-‘P135 the country. “'1: now offer Fift Im orteil Yearlin Ewes “ Bazar — ~ — — — - — - -- 4-O0 3-70
_ Y, P g
* * {rpm thc-‘Best English Flocks, bred before “ Weekly . _ _ _ . _ __ 4.00 3.70
 .  C . :£;‘.:'{Si.l?.';g.‘;$"f2.§£f;..l?'  ?§.3“°.‘;ff.§ *‘ Y°l.lllg People -- 200 2-00
R ‘ C Rlsl‘ smci, ,g,,,,,._ ’ 5 North American Review. 500 4.50
The French government has apparently THE WILLOWS SCl'lbDel"S ............. -- 300 3.00
passed a successsul crisis, The cabinet PAW PAW. MICE gentury-.f-.R_’e. _________ __ 400 4.00
under M. Ribot has been given a vote of 5Vl9W 0 Views ---- -- 2.50 2-75
confidence on two occasions, and as yet   The FOFUIII ............ -- 5.00 4.50
none of its members bears the taint of cor- LANSING’ MICHIGAN POP‘-1131' S0193“) M°HllhlY— 5-00 5-00
motion in connection with the Panama M1scELLAxEoUs,
Eiatnffigge ;12et§2e'1‘)‘E:r°nfrgh°tR,f0“?l‘° Ca“ JAMES M‘ TURNER! Prop Detroit Free Press, weekly 1.00 1.20
g '3“ ‘° *3 '3' Shot-thorn and Hereford Cattle Datfolt Tl‘ll?lil19 “ 1-00 1-00
* >l< * Clydesdale and Standard-Bred Gland Rapldfi Democrat
THE LEG,S,_ATURE_ Trgttslllig H¢131i_'ses,S1Shet1and Ponies Yvgltzegklyéé .... -7._-_(____ 1.00 1.10
. an tops “-3 eep 0 S mpanion new
I-lttle has been done by the legislature, _  names ______________ -_ 1.75 1.75
because little could be done. A_number of   E Scientifif: American__ ____ 300 3.00
importaknttk measures have beenf introduced, L L4 $he Independent ______ -- 3.00 3.00
50”“? 0 19"“ Palllsfin. some 0 general in- , f _ W M . , . he Christian Union____ 3.00 3.00
terest and value.‘ cw bills have been ii.-fills? lyiillzifrid   The C0DgF9gati0D31lSt--
P”ll;ed~hS° that‘ “ills 1mP0SSlble to get the l"‘l"_"«*'_:3l’1ll"l05'l“F;lkl“‘i Illsgzcclionl nfimrhfird (Lansing) ____________ _. 1.50 1.50
chic p uses 0 t e important measures. 5“ ‘°‘,,“" f” ‘YT’ 35”‘ ‘."‘~' °"““‘ 3_' W ‘“ The Moderator ________ _- 1.50 1.50
Bills are in $33.12‘i3§;§li‘§.i'i§’5iT‘i3T’3liii} "°g"‘"‘"‘°°d‘ New York Tribune .... -- 1.00 1.00

To make pay of legislators $500.

To repeal Mortgage Tax law.

To revive the old oil test.

To reduce street car fare to 3 cents.

To repeal the Miner law.

To elect legislators for 4 years.

To rcapportion the congressional districts.
To tax legacies and inheritances.

To elect U. S. Senators by people.

To repeal law on crop report.

Geo. S. Singer, Cardington, Ohio, adver-
tises in another column his Incubator. Mr.
Singer is a practical poultry man, having a
brood of five thousand chickens, and has
been unusually successful in raising all
sorts of poultry with his own incubator.
He now offers this to the public at a very
low rate.

 

Cherries and Plums prevented; also Grape and
Potato Rot—by spraying with .~‘mhI’s Double
Acting Excelsior Spraying Outfits. Best in the
market. Thousandsin use. (‘aialogue.descrlblng
all insects injurious to fruit, mailed Free. Addre

WM. STAHL, QUINCY. ILL.

GREAT CROPS

OF

STRAWBERRIES

RASPBERRIES, BLACKBERRIES. GRAPES,
ETC., and how to grow them. The big-
gest crops. least work.
A 25 cent  E E book sent
to all subscribers of THE GRANGE VISITOR
free. Address. R. M. KELLOGG,
Ionia. Mich.

PLANTS, noses’.
01-namentnls, etc.
at hall.’ Agent/s prices

See oi-ir-iiffer of

 collection

"0' $4.00.

, JAY GOULD,

Blll Isye, and 40,000 others are our patrons. Deal di-
rect with the fiiéoducer. Established 1875. See Dun's
Commercial ports. Semi for free Catalogue and
copy of Green‘: .lr‘rui¢ Grower (100,006) readers). with
new story: “Honeymoon on a. Fruit Farm.”

EilEEN’S run an no. nocntsitii. u.v.
$25 to $50 l’:.l2“-°-ti‘:

Lndlca or
(i'veIIl.I(‘I’IlL'lI. usimr arr In-lling
"Old Rellublc Planer." Only
praciicnl way In ri-plate rusty and
worn knives, forks, spoons, ole:
‘ . quickly d-me by dipping in niellcd
III('lII.l. No experience, polishing
_ or machinery. Thick plate at one
operation: lasts 5 in 10 _V\:Zll’SC flue
tinish when Ltllhill from the plater.
I ‘ I-Every family has plating to do.

I I   Plainr sells readily. Prnriislarge.

l in S’  w. i-. Harrison .2 c... (‘oIuuiliu6,0.
l’“S‘i+ii«*Ts‘i"ivAN'riiD.

Clovers, Alsike, Timothy, Red Top, Millets,
Etc. Every quality. Can use MIXED lots and
TAILINGS. Write for sample mailing envelopes
(l'ree.) Mention thislpaper.
THE WHI1‘N Y—NOYES SEED U0.
Bingliamton, N. Y.

  
          

WE WILL SEND

BLACK BEAUTY

tngood paper binding. to any one sending us
One New Full-Year Subscription

United States obtain from the consul or

‘IE3 GRANGE VISITOR, Lansing, Itlch

JOHN BOWDITCH
Hillsdale. Michigan

1:1. SH. signs I

Stanton, Montcalm Co

Bra.-edcr of

Shorthorn Cattle
American Merino
and Shropshire Sheep

Diamond

C-Zr-ys‘l'a|
Sail

Especially recommended for use in butter

intended for long keeping. Butter Salt in
14, 56, and 224 pound bags. Table Salt in 3

pound box, 2%. 5, and 10 pound pockets.

Ask Your

Grocer
for if

  
  

T
SUCCESSFUL ADVERTISNG!

If you wish to make and save money by
adverti-ing any thing, any where, at any

sure to see or write.

JOHN DAWSON & CO"
Advertising

time Successfully at reduced T2ltc5,l)e I

General Newspaper
gents.

II-I0 COLLOSI BLOCK. IINNEAPOLIH, MINI.

Favorite
Lines

to the Summer
Resorts

or Northern
Michigan

TRAVERSE CITY

ELII RAPIDS

CHARLEVOIX

PETOSIIEY

BAY VIEW

IVIACKINAC ISLAND
and TRAVERSE BAY

RESORTS

CHICAGO
and WEST MICHIGAN
RAILWAY

DETROIT

LANSING
and NORTHERN

RAILROAD

The West Michigan is now in opera-
tion to Bay View, and is the

II-latch chickens by steam.
IMPROVED EXCELSIOB INCUBITOB
Will do it I oceasful oper-

. Thousands nsn

ation. Simple. PrrlcrtvtntlSo/IlIi’e(]uIu(i1l9.
Lowest-priced flrst-class Hatchet made.
Guaranteed to hatch a largpr percentage

an any other,
GLO. I1. b"l‘AIlL, Quincy. IIL

iic
1'" ft“ of fertile eggs at less cost 1
Send 66. lo! Illun. Uatalox.

ONLY ALL RAIL LINE Tl] GHARLEVCIIX

Through sleeping and parlor car ser-
vice from Chicago, Detroit, Lansing and
Grand Rapids to Petoskey and Bay View.

THE SCENIC LINE

Brooders only 05.00. 1fiX) testimonials
40 premiums. medals. and diplom
Best machine ever invented for batch

E] INO|.|BATORSamiBR0llDERS
3

ins & raising ehle turkey: t duclu. For
nnuogunddreunflorhu ' 0-

suitor,

Over forty miles of beautiful lake and
river views north of Traverse City.

33- Try it when you go north this summer

FRANK TOWNSEND,
G110. DEHAVEN, Agent, Lansng

$l0ll.ll0 Fllll $l.00

This is no green goods nor lottery scheme. but a (air
business proposition. which we carry out as follows.
'l‘o any person sulterlng from runs In any term . we otter
the new discovery in medicine, a combined external

and Internal treatment known as the

PYRAMID PILE GIIBE

an absolutely certain cure for BLIND. Bl.l?.ltDIl\'lI. l’l‘l‘IIll§9
IIKLIICF. A
so harmless, it can be used by_:i
child with perfect safety. and one package costing OM71
DHLLAB WILL 00 YOU ONE IIUNIDRICD IKILLARS W(_)llTll lil-
HODD. at least this is the honestly expressed opinion ln

Ind PIIOTRUDING FILES. Gives INSTANT

PKRVANENT ('L'IIl€.

hundreds who have hei-ii i-uri-,(l by it in the past your
00 M71‘ BUFFER A DAY LIN‘

D003 telling all nlmlit [lllvrl b'l‘IlL l'i~i-is-. Address
1, v

lIh\.\llU 00.. ALBION, IVIICII»

«- COLLEGE

In writing mention THE GR\N(‘lE Visrroiz.

. . but ask your druggisl
for it. or we will send ii pusipaid for GI-00~ 0!’ 115711-lll
trial package l<‘RI~:l-1 for 10ers. in stumps nlsoa valuable

Gen’l Pass’r Agt., Grand Rapids.

A Practical Education ___.

THE EDUCATION GIVEN AT THE

STATE
AGRIC JLTUR’L

coiviiiili-:Ti3‘ ‘
MANHOOD

AND HOW TO ATTAIN IT.

N
{J At last a medical work that tells the causes,

xxx

describes the etrects, points the remedy. This
is scientifically the most valuable. artistically
the most beautiful. medical book that has ap-
« °°.§’.°?.§,°"?fl"l 9°. “‘ii’.' are "§§‘.?..l’%l“ll‘.%
a a - ne usra on
’Z“"‘°°‘§..§"i’f.‘§°“.3"° i‘°"‘.’.‘.‘.’l ‘x’z°..‘.?l‘e‘.fiéi§"-‘i"i§‘.».
enc . 1' GVO opm
H Husliand Thosyé Intending Maiwlage. etc. '
Every .-‘lfan who would know the Granifvfvugg.
' aw -
coveries of Medical St-ience as applied to Mar-
ed Lire who would or pa-it rallies
and avoid otura I alls alum. 101186 for this
ll wozvnrviiziiijn L 1'2(1:.r: 130
N It. will be sent tree. under seal,wlille the ad!-
N tlnn lasts. It convenient enclose ten cents to
x pay postage alone. Address the publishers.

H ERIE MEDICAL 60..
nuii-ui.o.iv. Y. E

tits men for practical life. The course
includes agriculture, horticulture,w0od-
work, iron-work, mathematics. English,
botany, zoology, chemistry, veterinary,
mechanics, physics, history. logic. There
is daily manual training on the farm, in
the gardens or in the shops. The equip-
ment of all departments is superior. A
. good library.

Expenses are low. Tuition free to citi-
zens of Michigan. Board at cost. Next
term opens Feb. 20 when all the classes
begin the studies of the term. It is a
good time for those to enter who can pass
an examination in algebra to equations
of the second degree, and who have com-
pleted English grammar.

For catalogs giving full information,
address

H. G. REYNOLDS, Secretary.

Agricultural College P. 0., Mich.

xx

 

 


-6’

 

Ti.-in GRANGE ivisrroag

 

rnaauxiiv 1,‘i1893..i

Ladies’ Department

PENSACOLA.

Pensacola, Fla, was our stopping
point in the South, while on a recent
business trip, and in describing our
visit will speak of it first. This
city has the age that seems so
strange to one so used to the rapid
growing cities in the Narth. The
hay and its natural advantages
seems to give the city the promise
of a future, far in advance of any
Southern coast town. The bay is
large enough to float the navies of
the world. As a shipping point
Mobile and New Orleans must take
second places. Ft. Pickens stands
at the east entrance to the harbor
and old Barancas at the west to
guard the approaches, while be-
tween the city and the forts is the
navy yard now nearly dismantled
and unused. Ft. Pickens was one
of thefew places held by the Federal
government on the Gulf coast dur-
ing the war. The other forts and
Pensacola were taken by the con-
federates. Ft. Baranc-as, as the
name indicates, is of Spanish origin
and this place has been in turn
occupied by the Spanish, the
French, the forces pf the U. S.,
those of the Confederates and again
by the U. S. At an old stockade
gate two Minie balls were extract ed
from the frame after much cutting.
These bullets are vicious, tearing a
big hole wherever they strike. Mr.
M. said that men who faced those
missiles richly deserved the pension
of their government. Some other
conversation followed, which was
strictly partisan. The old fort is
abandoned and on the groii iid where
once the Spanish Dons trod there
pastures the more orless belligerent
goat browsing the Bermuda grass
and a peculiar variety of thorns of
which Mr. M. brought home a
sample for Professor Hicks
to examine. Old pattern guns
are stored in the fort and
cannon balls lie around in great
abundance. The present defenses
on this side of the bay have been
moved farther up toward the city.
It has cost millions of dollars to
construct the navy yard with its
immense granite wharves and docks.
It is said the L. & N. Ry. Co. are
figuring on the purchase of the
navy yard and will erect imnience
elevators there and make this the
point where grain and meats will
be exported, the other end of the
line looking toward Kansas City as
the terminus in the West.

Twenty-six cents a hundred is
now the freight rate on grains from
Kansas City to New Orleans and
the same rate can be made to Pen-
sacola which is in many ways ad-
vantageous. Pensacola is one of the
great lumber markets of the world.
The South American ports are at
its doors when once on shipboard
and the same is true of Baltimore,
Philadelphia, New York and Bos-
ton. The lumber demanded from
these great cities must eventually
come from the pine forests of the
South. Such lumber operators as
D. A. Blodgett, R. G. Peters and
many others from Michigan have
anticipated this condition and are
owners of yellow pine. The
wharves and bay are well occupied
with sailing vessels after cargoes of
lumber which shipmasters like as
a cargo because it can be fastened
tight in the hold.

A Norwegian shipmaster with
whom I conversed had a cargo of
five hundred and twenty-six thous-
and feet bound for Buenos Ayres.
All the dock laborers are negroes
who all day handle the lumber or
timber as the case may be, keeping
time in a rythmic movement to
their singing, up high on to the
skids is accompanied by high notes
then down goes the voice with the
logs. Whatever vices and short-
comings the negro may have, pro-
fanity cannot be reckoned unto him.
\Vhatever the solution of the negro
problem may be, deportation need
never be considered. The indus-
trial life of the South depends up-
on the negro labor. Cull’:-d, kicked,
abused, cheated, the negro does the
work, and the South can not get
along without him.

The fishing business is of some
importance in Pensacola. A smack
came in from the banks on the Gulf
and unloaded a cargo of "sna ppers"
and occasionally some other varie-
ty, probably “aiiti-snappersg” these
great red fellows would weigh from
10 to 30 lbs, and as they were
dumped on the floor of the packing
house, one man pitched up fish
after fish on a table with a pitch

fork while another took the heads
off with a hatchet. Oysters are
very plentiful in the bay and any-
one can pick them up on the beach
and make a fair meal. All the
draying is done on two-wheeled
drays with one-half the load ap-
parently on the mule’s back. The
cracker white comes in with an ox
or a cow attached to one of these
carts with a few bags of charcoal
and bundles of lighters. These
latter are split pieces of “dead
head” pine containing quantities
of turpentine. Lighters are softer
and cheaper than kerosene oil and
afford no temptation for the oil
can in building a fire when a stock
is provided. The number of un-
employed negroes one meets is
astonishing. How they live would
be a question here in the North.
But eliminate the two items of ex-
pense in Michigan, fuel and cloth-
ing, and make the diet consist of
bacon and cornmeal, it will be seen
that less labor will be required to
meet the exigencies of demand.
McGofl"y’s reader used to have the
couplet “Man wants but little
here below nor wants that little
long.” I never so appreciated the
statement before and am of the
opinion that the observation was
niadeinthe south. However, there
is capacity among the uegroes; the
postoffice employés were colored
men and as courteous and efficient
as any body of postal employee I
ever knew. Concerning political
rights, nobody in the south pre-
tends that the negroes are accorded
any. A chatty barber while shav-
ing me said that if any colored man
attempted to go to the polls he was
jostled and shoved back and when
he insisted on his rights, some dis-
order would prevail, then a police-
man or a constable would arrest
him for disturbing the peace and
after spending the day of election
and the night following in the
lock-up, he would be brought up and
fined $10.00 for disturbing the
peace. A more determined effort
would result in a sentence to the
turpentine orchards or phosphate
mines, there being no state prison
in the northern sense of the term.
A poll tax receipt is essential to
the exercise of the franchise and
these receipts are bought up for
goods during the year. and the
voter is disfranchised. Florida, as
well as some other states, has a
way of voting especially arranged
for the disfranchisement of the
negro. For every office to be voted
for there is a separate ballot box,
and from time to time the positions
of the boxes are changed. The
ballots are much like the printed
slips used in conventions or can-
cusses. \Vith this arrangement and
from twenty-five to thirty oflices to
be voted for, from President to
coroner, it is little wonder that
many ballots find their way into
the wrong box and are thrown out.
In one county in Florida there
were less than six hundred votes
and stilla majority of seventeen
hundred was returned. An intel-
ligent capitalist owning thousands
of acres in the state, a native born
citizen and an adherent of the
dominant party, Col. Graham of
Tallahassee, was my informant.
This gentleman regretted the de-
moralizing effects of perjury in-
volved in such returns of election.

The Sullivan Co.,at Pensacola,

represent millions of dollars ac--

cumulated in the pine lumber busi-
ness, owning their own wharf and
having a perpetual rate with the
L. & N. By. in hauling logs, this
rate being near actual cost. This
company buy anything in the way
of timber, and are among the
largest dealers in the south. A
visit to Pensacola without a visit
to their wharves would be incom-
plete.

A_ Confederate monument oc-
cupies a site near one of the old
Spanish forts. One side of the
shaft is dedicated to Jefferson
Davis, the only man without a
country, yet loved by thirty million
people. The remaining sides are
dedicated respectively to the
Confederate Secretary of the

Navy, Stephen \V..\lallory, to
a. Col. Ellsworth Perry, and
to the Confederate dead in
general. At the base of this monu-

ment a ratification meeting was
announced in the daily papers on
the evening on which we left
Pensacola for Milton, Santa Rosa
Co. Pensacola is a town of wealth
made from the lumber business
much like Saginaw or Grand
Rapids, and some fine residences
are built now in the new part of
the city. Bittersweet oranges, value-

less except for ornaments,and palms
make elegant yards. - The turpen-
tine and rosin business is just in its
infancy near Pensacola. Norfolk,
Wilmington and Savannah were
formerly the headquarters for naval
store operators, but the business is
moving south, and Florida pine is
now being boxed for turpentine.
The operators contract with a negro
for cutting a crop of boxes. 1,050
trees make a crop, a box is simply
a long scar hewed in the tree with
a deep notch at the base to catch
the pitch which begins to run in
December and continues for several
months. Three years is the longest
that trees can be operated with
profit, lumbering operations must
immediately follow or fire will de-
stroy the trees which have been
worked. The turpentine business
pays a handsome profit and is no
loss to the timber when lumbering
follows at once.
J. N. MCBRIDE.

Burton.

 

HAS THE CHURCH IMPROVED
SINCE 1876?

Read at Eaton Rapids Grange.

A thorough knowledge of church
history since 1876 is needed in the
discussion of this subject, but only
a few memoirs and impressions can
be recalled that relate to the
church of our forefathers. This
will leave ample room for supple-
mentary talk, which, it is hoped,
will prove more instructive than
the leading article. The first
thought in connection with the
church of the eighteenth century
is, how uncomfortable those old
time Christians were in their enjoy-
ment of religion, to use a paradox.
In fact, if they had really enjoyed
religious duties, they would have
doubted the sincerity of the motive,
and the light-hearted or thought-
less one who could indulge in a
hearty laugh on the Sabbath day
would have been a subject for cen-
sure, as “levity” was a sin to be sub-
dued by watchfulness and prayer.
The severity of the service proved
their devotion, everything tending
to material comfort being shut out
of their lives for at least one day in
the week. Cold churches, uncom-
fortable seats, tedious exercises,
followed by a cold dinner, helped
to “crucify the _flesh” and make
them sufliciently meek to be able
to walk “circumspectly” through
the coming week. If the parson’s
sing-song tone, or the “tentlily,”
induced a fit of drowsiness, the
offender was quickly roused by a
blow from a stick.

It is probable that these customs
were somewhat modified before the
year ’76, but at that time and for
many years thereafter, Christians
could be recognized by their de-
vout manners and plain attire.
Many of the admirers of puritan
plainness regret that the church
member of today and her unregener-
ate sister dress so nearly alike,
and while it does seem in good
taste that the church suit should
not be a “perfect conundrum” or
the bonnet so “awfully sweet” as
to monopolize the interest of the
meeting, there can be no reason
why a little taste in dress is not as
commendable as the love for flowers,
or an attractive home. It is sup-
posed that the question “Has the
church improved?” is to be consid-
ered in its truest sense. Is it
nearer to comprehending the di-
vine plan and meaning? So we are
not to contrast the modern church
and pulpit orator with the unpre-
tentious house of worship and its
consequential dominie so common
in the last century. Certain it is
there have been many faithful and
earnest workers all along the line,
or else we would not be so conscious
of the progressive tendency. We
find much to admire among those
earlier Christians, but it _is surely
an improvement upon their rigid
formality that we are learning .“A
cheerful heart doeth good like a
medicine,” and that a long face
and sanctimonious manner are not
necessary to the formation of
Christian character. We are also
learning to be more charitable
toward the short-comings of others,
that it avails us nothing to pray
“Forgive us our debts,” and fail to
forgive our debtors; that it is
wiser to observe the golden rule
than to exact and expect everyone
to conform to our ideas of right.

Of course there are exceptions
to this severe type of Christians,
noble souls, filled with the charity
that “never faileth,” who were con-
sidered by those “sound of faith”
to he possessed of weak sympathies

instead of "a spark of the divine
nature.

Perhaps the worship of song
would be in no way related to the
subject, but it has much to do
with the full enjoyment of church
service, and it is a question with
some if the modern choir is an
improvement upon the old time
congregational singing. VVe are
counseled to “sing with the spirit
and with the understanding also,”
that is the only true way in which
singing can become part of our
Worship; but it has been thought
advisable to introduce a little more
“understanding” even if there is
less of the “spirit.” An anecdote
we have read lately will serve to
show the difficulty of first utilizing
a church choir.

In Portsmouth, New Hampshire,
on Thanksgiving day, 1762, the
picked singers took their places
for the first time in that church,
much against the pastor’s wishes.
After singing the Psalm which had
been given out to a “new fangled
tune” the minister leaned over the
pulpit and with both arms extended
said earnestly, “Now let the people
of God sing.” The singing-seat,
as it was called, was quickly
vacated, and the congregation did
the singing for more than a century
afterwards.

And then the musical instru-
mentsl

Those dear old saints would
scarcely enjoy one of Talmage’s
best if they were obliged to listen
to the voluntary. when it would
seem to the unprejudiced that the
sweet strains would only remind
us of the need of a higher worship.
Not the least apparent among the
many changes is the fact that less
importance is given to belief, and
more to real worth, less time
wasted in denominational dilfer-
ences, and more cultivation’ of the
spirit that “all men are brethren.”

A Christian act is recognized in
the church and out of it, and peo-
ple of different creeds have dis-
covered that we worship the same
Father. There is much yet to do,
and to undo, but it seems evident
that progression is written as
plainly through the pages of
history as in art, science or litera-

ture.
Mas. E. J. Roonas.

IDEAS FOR LITTLE PEOPLE.

“ Dear me, what shall I do? I
am so tired of playing in the house,”
said Ralph, as he stood watching
the snow quietly coming down out-
side the window.

“Come here and see my tall
block house,” said little May to her
brother.

“ I don’t want to.”

May slipped to his side and soon
exclaimed: “ Oh, mamma, such
pretty snowflakes, great big ones,
little round ones, and ever so many
shapes; do come and see them!”

As the three heads were pressed
against the pane looking at the
beautiful touches of the Master’s
hand, mamma told the story of

" Some little drops of water

"\V'l10St’.‘ l‘lUlnB‘\V2|..S in the sea,

I ‘Z>§é’e "il’.i}3‘p;‘..’.-“a” 'i'.’.°igm.

A cloud they had for carriage,
They drove a. pla ufiil brccezc,

And over town an country
They rode along at case.

But oh, there were so many,
At last the carriage broke, .
And to the round came tumbling,
These frig tenul little folk.

And through the moss and grasses
They were com elled to roam,
Until :1 brooklet ound them
And carried them all home.”

She explained how this time the
little drops found such cold air
during their tumble, that they were
frozen and came floating to the
ground.

At asuggestion, Ralph was soon
drawing the varied forms on his
slate, while May made “dry snow-
flakes" with her scissors and paper.
The window became a favored
place, that new ones might be found
and thus the hours passed quickly
and happily.

Night came, bringing with it the
usual story time.

The little boy drew his mother’s
head down with both arms and
whispered, “Please tell us a snowy
story.”

She told how the air has its face
washed by the gently descending
snow, as it falls on rough places,
covering all alike, or as Mr. Wind
catches it and blows it into beauti-
fully curved drifts; how God pro-
tects the trees, plants, and tiny
seeds with this warm, white wrap;
and by the melting in the spring,
how the ground is loosened, and
the lakes and rivers filled with fresh
water.

The next morning was bright

and sunny, and the children eagerly
went out to play, but to return
asking, “ “That makes the snow
creak? Why don’t it pack this
morning? - When will it have crust
so we can walk on it? Why don’t
the water in the hail freeze into
snow instead of ice?”

Dear, busy, but loving mothers,
store these passing days with val-
uable lessons.

You are in the country and do
not have a kindergarten to which
you may send your little ones this
cold winter, but you can bring a
kindergarten to them. Excite an
interest in surrounding objects,
weave it into your daily conversa-
tion, answer all questions thought-
fully. These young philosophers
ask such as need a wise man to
answer. If you can't do it be hon-
est about it, and then find how to
do it.

Many children have enjoyed re-
citing the following lines with mo-
tions, and I hope you may find
pleasure therein.

Can we not find better thoughts
for their memories than Mother
Goose Rhymes?

“ Little white feathers,

illiiig the air,
Little wliitc f<::ithcrs,
lloiv C.’|H)L‘ ye theri:?[i]
\Ve ciiinc from the cloud~birds
Sailiiig so high,[1]
'l‘hey’re shxikiiig their white wings
Up in the sky.L3j

Little white fczitliers,
lI.)\v swift’. y in go,[4]
Little white feathers,
ve you so.‘L5]

VVc’re swift bccziuse
\’\'e have work to do,
Now hold up your face,
And \vc’ll kiss vou !rue.[(i]

i] I’L)iiit. to the snow.

is] lliiiids puss slowly over the head.

[3] Sliiikc iipriised wrists.

[ll l’rcss pzilins together and pass quickly in

front of fzice.
E5] Haiids crossed on shoulders.

U] Sound of :1 kiss.
F. C. B.

 

FOR HOUSE KEEPERS.

If a cut bleeds badly, hold it in
the smoke of sugar sprinkled on
live coals.

Cheese will keep moist a long
time, if wrapped in a cloth wet in
vinegar.

Eggs that have been frozen will
thaw and be as nice as ever, if put
in warm water and kept warm.

A good cold cream is made by
taking thick sweet cream and boil-
ing it slowly until it is a dark
brown and oil can be poured from
it. Pour oil‘ the oil and add a little
arnica and stir while cooling. This
is a better cream for the toilet than
any that can be purchased.

Baking powder can be made at
home very cheaply and as good as
“The Royal” by using six ounces
tartaric acid, one-half of a package
of soda, “Arm and Hammer” brand,
and one quart of flour. Sift several
times, and keep in covered cans.

Wufers—One teacup of gran-
ulated sugar. one-half cup of but-
ter rubbed together, one beaten
egg, two tablespoonfuls of sour
cream, one teaspoonful of soda,
one teaspoonful of vanilla or"
lemon extract, or the grated rind
and juice of one lemon. Roll thin
and cut small, bake in a moder-
ately hot oven until they begin to
brown. A little grated cocoanut
sprinkled over the dough just be-
fore they are cut out and rolled
in a little is a great improvement.

A genuine English plum pud-
dz'n_q—A pint bowl full of suet chop-
ped fine, the same of brown sugar,
beat two eggs in the same bowl and
fill up with milk, the same bowl full
of seeded raisins, one teaspoonful
of salt, a little nutmeg and citron
sliced thin. Stir as stilf as possible,
turn into a scalded cloth, tie tight
and boil six hours. Thisis enough
for twelve people, a coffee cup is
about the right proportion for a
small family. The pudding must be
put into boiling water and kept at
that point until it is taken out;
something should be placed in the
bottom of the kettle to keep the
pudding away from it or it will
burn; serve with sauce.

N ELLIE A. MAYO.

 

Farmers complain of 65 cent
wheat. Yet all other products are
high in Michigan. VVheat is not
our only dependence.

 

The U. S. Department of Agri-
culture has decided that iodide of
potassium will cure lumpy jaw
and is of the opinion that the dis-
ease is not contagious.

 

The Grange means education,
progress, improvement.

 

There should be a live Grange in
every community of farmers.

ii‘
'52:
‘v’ 

 


 

 

    

r

;F1.“.BRU-AR.Y. 12

 

 

ITHE GB~AN‘3E.V1S.IT0eR-

7

“ THE BUYERS’ Coins,"

Nearly a. million households use it
as a reference book.

A million purchasers learning how
to make four dollars do the work of

five.
Sent only upon

in stamps to pay the postage.

receipt of 15 cents
(550

pages, 30,000 quotations, weight two

pounds.)

HONTGOMERY VVARD & C().,
II! to H6 Michigan Avenue,

CHICAGO.

1

In writing mention Tum GRANGE Vrsnos

OFFICIAL DIRECTORY

Ofieers National Grange.
IASTER-J. fl. BRIGH.-\)1 ........ _.Delta, Ohio
0Vl.BSEltE—E. W. l)AV'lS_._,. Rania Rosa. Cal.
LEOTUREB-MORTIMER WHl'I‘l<)HEAl).._. 

1615 Q. 1%., N. W., Washington. D. C.
STKWABD-A. E. PAGE _....Applei‘nn City. Mo.
L514"! SEEWARD -0. E. H.1.l.L.....Pawnee. .\'eb.
CEAPLAIN-(IHAS. MC ¥ANlEL,New Hampshire
TuicAsUi«n:s——F. M. McDO\VEL.Penn Yam. N. Y.
8E<JRE'l’AkY—JOHNTRIM Bl.l*1.\V'ashington. D.()
G/vrs Ki«:i-:i>ica——W. H. t\'ELSU.\',___., Teiinerisee
(‘.EREs—MR.~l. J. H. RRIHHAM ,___Delta. Ohio
Po.vloNA—.\IRH. E. BOWEN ..._.__.(‘.nnnecticut
FL-iR\vMRS. E. P. \Vll.SON, ,_ liiisaineaiiipi
LADY Ass‘r STEW'D—MB.S. N. B. DOUGLASS__

She-rborn. Muss.

Executive Committee.
LEONARD RHONF Center Hall, Pennsylviinia
J. J. \V()()[)MAN. _....___ Paw Paw, Michigan
X. X. UlI.\R'I‘iERS ..Fredcricksbiirl.:. Virginia
Committee on Woman's Work in the

Grange.
MR!-l. H. H. WOODMAN Paw Paw, Michigan
MKS. C. EIJEHTA BOWEN, \rv(l()llSU‘l(‘.l(‘. (‘<inn.
IRS. E. W. l) \VlS, Saula Rosa. California
Oficers Michigan State Grange.
lAs'rr.a—G. H. HORTON _________ _.Fi-nit Ridge
Ovaai-iaim—)1. T. (‘OLE  . .__Pa|myru
LEOTUH.EB—A. J. CROSBY, Ja.

   

  

8'rEw_un)-,-1. P. GR \Y__ ,_ ._ , _ , _ _ _ , _,Ar<'hie
Lss'r STEWABD-J. H. MARTIN. Box 442. Grand

Rapids
CEAPLAIN-MARY A. MAYO ____ _.Battle Creek
TREASURER-E. A. S'l‘Rt)NG.... "Vicksburg
Ssciziz'rAizv—-JENNIE BUELL _____ ,_Ann Arbor

GATE KEEPER-GEO. L. CARLISLE Kalkaska
CInr.s—MARY C. ALLIB . ......._.... ...Adrian
Polit0NA—~MRS A. ST. CLAIR _____ __ Butternut
FLoaA—Ml£S. A. A. LEIGHTUN. ...Olri Mission
L. A. B'rxw‘i;>—MBS. J.H. MARTIN Grand Rapids

Executive Committee.

 
  
     

   
 

 

J. G. RALHDELL, Chn ......... _.Traverse_ City
H. D Phat ....... _:.YD8ll8ntl N
THOB. MARS _________________ .. rrien (‘enter
W. E. WRIGHT _____ __ _.,.Coldwater
H. H, HINDS _.

R. B. TAYLOR

PEl§BY BSAYO

G. H R'l‘()\' .  '
JENNIE BUELL. i E‘ °’5°‘° l ..__Ann Arbor
General Deputies.

    
   

 
 

  
   

Hon. C. G. Luce  . __...-..(‘nlrlwater
Hon. J. J. Woodman ___Paw Paw
J T Cobb _._ _. . -Schoolcraft
Jason Woodman ______ _. _,_....,..Paw Paw
Mary A. Mayo.._____-_-_ _________ _.Battle('-reek
Robert L. Hewitt._........-_._..._-.. 'l-msimz
S’-fiecfial Deputies.
A. Luther . _ . _______________ __Bnrry County
E. W. Allis _ _ ______________ __.l_enawee County
Bis. E. D. Nolies, Church's Cor‘s. Hillstialellounty
Samuel Bruce , _ , _ . , _ _ _ _ . . _ _.Jon(-s. (‘mas County
I. D. M. Fisk. _ _(‘/oldwnter, Branch County
B. V. Clark_.__ _..Buclianan, Berric-n County
T. F. Rodzers.. ..Ravenna. Munkegon County
Isaac A. West. __North Branch, Liipoer (i()l'lnT-I
James Willisi-i.i _._.._ Eastpnrt, Antrim (‘onnty
Robert A'wa.i' . . _ _ ..1{udsonvills. Ottawa (‘ounty
Wm. Clara ..... _. Charlevoix, Charli-ivoix County
Committee on Women's Work in the
. Grange.
Hrs. Mary Sherwood Hinds ............ ..Stanton
Mrs. Mary A. Mayo ................ _.Battlsi‘reek

Kiss 0. J. Carpenter ............... .. Dimoudale

Revised List of Grange Supplies
Kept in the office of Sec’y of the

Michigan State Grange

And sent out post-paid on receipt of Cash Order.
over the Seal_of a Subordiuate Grange. and the
-eignatii re of gts Master or Secretary.

gpcrcelain birleljot marbles. per hundred ..... ..$0 7?)

retary’s get ................... -.

Sec tn ' rd

Treiriurlahla bertihars. bound. per hundred. ..

Secretary's receipts for dues. per hundred .

Treasurer's receipts for dues, per hundred . _.

W)p’l‘lc{:8tl0l.'i8 forramembeir-ship. per hundred..

‘t we es s. r-open...

I)ilinitsr.ain euvelo p.eper dozen-. .. 

£99 . .

Bylblcmws 0; the taco Grange, single copies.

- : sen  

" (;:gdpe!!:cl5<())es." with music, single copies, 8

- risen .................... -. . ..... --

Granéopefielodies, single copy, 40¢; per down 4

O ning Son (lard. 2c each; :59 per50: 100 . 1

Ilrgnls, ‘filth editaion (with combined degrees).
sac - r ozen. ..................... -.

nitl1B?:.c5thp(T6;ll‘%._B60 of nine..

Rituals. Juvenile. single copy-

Rituals. Juvenile. per set

Notice to delinquent rnerribers. per lm.

Americap iliinunl 3f£E’slr_liaments.ry Lnw_...

t o ws an n inst! ............... -.

Bo books 

mm lo ackage co-operative literature. ._.. _
Wilts ‘for prices on gold pins badges, working

Cools. stud 'rnountl‘i_igs. seals. ballot boxes and any

gum en p we.

Ardldri-‘ens? ‘MISS J ENNIE BUELL.
Bee.-‘y Mich. Suite Granite.
. Arm Anson. Mics.

TEN FIRST-Bliss Fpilgflls

  

  

 
 
 

I‘ D419
§$8'$‘:n‘8§ 888 3 '¢‘3§S§§€$’-E’:-°9°

i-i-A
(120!

within
four miles of Mt. Pleasant n excellent
and handsome country. A livc ZFOWID Cit!-
gow 3 no population. Two railroads, ormal
school " usiness colleae. U. S. Induitfifil Training
School. and high grade city schools afiord educa-
tional privileges rarelv €Q“"‘1°d- '9“ 6°“ r''''' in
Isabella county; 10,000 wares ofunimpioyed lands,
choice city properties, all for sale at. prices much
below those in most other localitleS.‘Ifi0FdlY1E.’
advantages. Now is the time to _buy in
bcfla County, in the centeipotf l<()1\;er Michigan.
- ' ' ' 5 a ress,
F" “(in OeKd’§Sclr(] ‘ialvif Ers!Fl?Al'l‘E AGa§:c_Y.
Mt. Pleasant, Michigan,

 
FLINT ’ NORMAL COLLEGE

AID BUSINESS iNs'rI'rU'rl I
Is the place to Educate F0111’ 3°75 ‘md 61'1"
In! for lost Book.

6. ll. swimioiii. i. l.. Principal-
In writing mention Tn Gums Yul-ion

GRAND RAPIDS ano
Indiana Railroad
J ulv 3. ’92.-Central Standard Time.

  
 

  

  
  

   
  

 

GOlNG NORTH. No. 1 No. 3 No. 5 No
V , _ PMlA.M ram. A.M.
Cincinnati, Lv _____________ __ 8 05 3 50 ____ __
ichmond ............ ._ 2 20 im 55 ll 25 ____ __
l P. M. A. M.
Fort \Vayne.Ar _______ .. 6 00 2 15 2 05 ____ ._
Fort Wa_\‘ne, Lv_ _ ____ __ A 35 2 15 8, 05
Kalamazoo. Ar.. A.M. 6 05 5 12 11 40
Kalzuuazuo, Lv__ _ 7 20 6 25 5 20 12 01
Grand napids, Ar _____ _. 9 20 8 10 6 50 1 50
. P. M.
Grand Rapids, Lv ____ _. 4 15 10 40 7 20 2 00
A. M.
Cadillac ______________ __ 9 00 2 15 11 an 4 55
P. M.
Traverse City . . . _ . . . _ . . . , , _ , ,_ 1 25 6 55
Petosk9y.__..__._ 5 45 3 15 8 00
Mackinaw. Ar  .... _. 7 1.’) 4 45 9 35.
some SOUTH. No. zhvo. 6 No. 4 No. 8
_ P. iii. A. vi P. M. P. .
Mackinaw City, Lv____. B 45 8 00 2 30 ____ ._
Petoskey. _,._________,__ 10 20 9 :10 3 40 ____ __
Tl'i1Vel‘§8(lli’.y__ ___ _ ____ ,, 11 10 4 30 ____ __
A. ‘ii P. M.

(‘zidillac ,_,-_-,,_ 2 15 l 35 6 55 ____ __
Granil Rapids, A 6 A0 5 20 I0 40 ____ .,
Grand lizipids, Lv. . 7 U0 6 00 ll 0 2 00
Kalamazoo. Ar ______ __ 8 50 8 00 I2 55 3 40
Kalamazoo, Lv _______ .. 8 55 8 05 ____. 3 45
Fort Wayne, Ar _______ _r 12 40 ll 50 A. M. 7 15
Fort Wayne. Lv 00 12 I0 5 45 . _,

R_ich_nioud ,____ 2.0 3 40 9 15 _
Cincinnati, Ar-.. 00 6 55 12 01 ,
A. M. P. M. P. M.

Slee ing cars for Petoskey and Mackinaw on
No. 3 rpm Grand Rapids.

Slpeping cars, Grand Rapids to Chicago, on

o. .
Slgeping cars. Grand Rapids to Cincinnati. on
0. .
Nos. 1 and 4 daily south of Grand Rapids. Nos.
5 and 6 daily.

All other trains daily except Sunda .

C. L. LOCIKWOOD
G. P. dl T. Ag't, Grand Rapids.

The

People’s of
S . Lansing
avings Mich

Bank

Capital, $150,000.00

W. J. BEAL, President
A. A. VVILBUR, Vice President
C. H. OSBAND, Cashier,

_ VVe transact :i enernl banking business. Pay
interest on time eposits. If you have any bank-
ing business come and see us.

In writing mention TEE GRANGE Visrros.

  
     
      

   

IF YOU THINK or some

 NYVJEEES EKRT H

,_ UT voun moumiss IN
2 WRITING AND SEND TO
~;GEO. De HAVEN.‘ E5325 Zlilisfiiicfii.’

FULL IKFOPMAIEON FFiOMPTlY F~lVEN.

Going to
Buy a Watch?

If so, buy one that cannot be stolen. ‘The
only thief-proof Watches are those with

BOWS.
Here's the Idea :

The how has I. groove
on each end. A collar

runs down inside the

pendent (Item) and

ts into the grooves.

firmly locking the

bow to the pendent,

/  so that it cannot be

\‘\

pulled or twisted oil’.

To be sure of getting a. Non-pull-out,sec that
the case is stamped with this trade mark.
It cannot be had with any other kind.

Ask your jeweler for pamphlet, or send for
one to the famous Boss Filled Case makers.

Keystonewatch Case Co.,

PHILADELPHIA.

College and Station.

THE FARMER AND i§0'i‘.iNv.

What the Botanical Division of the U.

S. Department of Agriculture
is doing for the Farmer.

L. H. DEWEY.

There is a. general popular im-
pression that a botanist is a. sort of
crank who squints with one eye
through a. microscope at musty,
dried weeds, and pretends to see in
them points of vast interest to the
scientist, but which ordinary mor-
tals cannot understand and which
certainly can have no value for the
practical farmer. There is, doubt-
less, some foundation for the im-
pression, but generalizations on
rather vague subjects are liable to
be too sweeping.

Let us see how the botanist aids
the farmer. The science of botany
is the basis of horticulture, of floii-
culture and to a. considerable ex-
tent of general agriculture. If, as
the proverb goes, “All flesh is
grass,” then that science which has
to do with the raising of grass
must be important to the farmer.

All the work pertaining to grasses
and other wild flowering plants
comes to this division of Botany.

The division of Vegetable Path-
ology deals with all fungi, such as
rusts, smuts, mildews, blights, etc.
All matters in regard to Forestry are
referred to the forestry division,
while fruit raising and horticulture
are looked after by the division of
Pomology. The work of the botan-
ical division may, for convenience,
be considered under four general
heads: 1, \Vorking up the floras
of special regions; 2, Building up
the national herbariums; 3, Experi-
ment station work; -1, Dissemina-
tion of information. All of these
different lines of Work are under
the general direction of the chief
of the division, Dr. George Vasey.

Field agents are sent out each
year during the collecting season
to secure specimens from dertain
regions. The specimens are pressed
and sent to the Department of Ag-
riculture at \Vashington, D. C.,
together with notes describing the
locality, soil, climate and other gen-
eral conditions of environment and
the abundance of each species. The
specimens and nEEs are carefully
studied by the botanists in the
office at \Vashingt0n, and many
facts of more or less actual value
to the farmers are discovered.
Among the many species looked
over, some are found to be espec.
ially adapted for forage plants in
the region being studied. Some
plants found there in the wild state
may be worthy of introduction and
cultivation elsewhere. The flora
and the general conditions found
to exist in the territory will determ-
ine lergely what kinds of plants
cultivated elsewhere are likely to
thrive best there. These are among
the more important of the immedi-
ate results of the study of a floral
region. Aside from these results 8.
series of facts are obtained from
which general laws and principles
of plant growth may be deduced.
These laws applied to practical
agriculture help to elevate the
raising of plants from 9. matter of
practice and guess work to an exact
science. The value of this class of
results is very diflicult to estimate
however, for the principles obtained
are often drawn from a great vs.-
riety of sources, and the practical
application of the principles is
sometimes obscured by being mere-
ly achange from a. common practice
to a practice with a known reason
for it.

Many of the specimens sent in
by the field agents are mounted on
herbarium sheets and placed in the
national herbarium to be preserv-
ed there as types of all the wild
plants found in different parts of
the country.

The national herbarium now
contains over 300,000 specimens
and this number is increasing at
the rate of about 10,000 specimens
each year. Farmers sometimes ex-
press doubts as to the value of this
large collection of dried weeds and
grasses. If a. farmer has a bad
weed on his farm, his first question
is, “ How can I get rid of it?” The
first question of the man whom he
asks for advice is, “ What is it?”
The herbarium is necessary to
answer the question,“ What is it?”
both for plants that are useful as
grasses and forage plants and oth-
ers that are troublesome as “ wheat
thief” and “ loco-weed.”

A part of the money appropria-

ted by Congress for botanical work
has been expended in experiment-
ing with fodder plants for the south.
The Work has been done in con-
nection with the “ Hatch” experi-
ment stations there.

The United States grass and
forage experiment station at Gar-
deln City, Ifiziinsatst, has talready
so ve( severa no y ues ions in
agriculture without lI‘1‘(l1g‘ai2l011 west
of the 100th meridian. Hunga:ian
Brome grass (Bromus incinzis),
has been ilntroduced thr(])u(,righ that
station an is now rognrr e as the
most valuable grass for cultivation
on the high plains from Indian
Territory to Manitoba. Several
other foreign and native grasses
and foreign plants have been in-
troduced by this station. Varie-
ties of wheat, rye, oats and barley
have been found which will stand

the climate and do well without
irrigation. This Work is all
under the supervision of the

chief of the botanical division
at VVashington. He also has gen-
eral supervision of the work on
grasses and forage plants at the
experiment stations in the Gulf
States. The work at these stations
is more directly under the charge
of Prof. S. M. Tracy of the Mis-
sissippi Agricultural College. Many
valuable grasses and forage plants
and improved methods of growing
them have been introduced through
these stations.

Special investigations are some-
times made when weeds get beyond
the control of the farmers or when
action by the general governnient
seems necessary. During the past
year an iiivestigation was made in
the case of the Russian thistle
(Sulsola Kali), in Minnesota and
the two Dakotas. A thorougli study
was made concerning the plant and
its habits of growth, and from the
facts obtained methods were de-
vised for its extermination.

The information concerning the
growth of useful plants, and the
destruction of troublesome weeds
is distributed free to all farmers
who are interested enough to ask
for it. The correspondence with
individual farmers is of considera-
ble extent. Mr. A, from Wiscon-
sin, sends a specimen of quack
grass, asks What; it is and whether
it is likely to be a. valuable forage
plant or a troublesome weed
on his farm. Mr. B, from Ohio,
sends a. specimen of the “Curse of
the Prairie” (Solcmum rostratum),
saying that it has just appeared in
his fields and asking where it comes
from and whether it is to be feared
as a weed. Mr. C, from Texas,
wants to know what plants will
grow best in a. salt marsh on his
farm. Mr. D, from California,
asks what grasses and forage plants
are likely to do best on his ranch
high up in the Sierras. A botanist
from an experiment station sends
in a. lot of puzzling grasses to have
them named. All these various in-
quiries are answered by letter.

Nearly every year a large num-
ber of named specimens are sent
to the different agricultural col-
leges and ‘ experiment stations.
These specimens are used by the
station botanists as aids in determ-
ining other plants.

The principal means of dissem-
inating information, however, is by
the department publications. A
part of the annual report of the
Department of Agriculture is each
year devoted to the division of
botany.

During the past half-dozen years
several pamphlets devoted to differ-
ent phases of botanical work have
been issued by the Department of
Agriculture. For the practical
farmer the most important of these
are “ Agricultural Grasses and For-
age Plants” and “ Grasses for the
South.” The former contains il-
lustrations, notes and chemical
analyses of nearly all the forage
plants raised in the United States.
The latter, as its name implies, is
devoted to the forage plants best
adaptedto the southern states where
‘grasses do not thrive as well as in
the north and where good clover
and a. close turf sod are almost un-
known. “ A Monograph of the
Grasses of North America.” and a.
work on the “ Illustrations of
North American grasses,” are now
being published. The first parts
of each are out. These are scien-
tific rather than practical but they
are needed for the basis of a large
amount of practical work in the
future.

It may be noticed that a large
share of the attention of the Botan-
ical division has been devoted to

the arid regions of the west and

 
 

to the south. There are many rea-
sons for this. These regions were
practically new, fields to the botan-
ist and needed special study to ob-
tain information concerning the
conditions there. The forage plants
in common use elsewhere were gen-
erally failures there. There were
very few local botanists to whom
the farmers could refer questions.
The north and east has been, per-
haps, apparently neglected because
the opposite of these conditions
prevailed. For instance, in Michi-
gan the local flom and the condi-
tions of climate and soil are well
known. The luxuriant growth of
grasses and clover seems to leave
little room for improvement, except
in the pine barrens.

Dr. W. J. Beal. at the Agricul-
tural College, and other local botan-
ists in the State are well acquainted
with the conditions of plant growth
and are ready to unravel any knotty
botanical problem that may trouble
the farmers in that region.

Washinglon, D. C’.

 

FRUIT REPORTS.

Bulletin 88 of the Agricultural
College is the fruit report of Pres.
Lyon, of results of experiments at
the South Haven sub-station. He
gives the desirable varieties as
follows:

STRAWBERBIES.

List for a Fa.nn'l,i/ Plantaiion.
Alpha, Beder VVood, Cumber-
land, Parker Earle, Gandy.
F or Jlfarkcf.
Crescent, Enhance,
Parker Earle, \Va.rtield.
RASPBERRIES.

List of Siu'i‘uble Vai'z'cf1'es for a
F(un2'l_I/ GI/,1'deiz.

Red and yellow v:irieties— Han-
sell, Herstine (requires winter pro-
tection), Cuthbert, Golden Queen.

Black Caps—Palmer, Hilborn,
with Earhart for autumn crop of
fruit, and Shaffer or Muskingum
for canning.

lllarket Varieties.

Red——Marlboro, Cuthbert.

Caps——Palmer, Gregg (or Nem-
aha.) and Shaffer, for canning.

GRAPES.

For a family vineyard; with suc-
cession, the following will afford
both variety and high quality. If
not so many are wanted, a selection
can be made. Varieties are named
nearly in the order of ripening.

Early Victor, VVinchell, \Vorden,
Lady Delaware, Diamond, Bright-
on, Ulster, J eflerson.

For a market vineyard with suc-
cession. Moore, Early \Vorden,
Concord, Niagara, and at the south
or in favorable localities, Isabella
or Catawba.

Bubach,

 

THE- QUALITY OF CHEESE.

The richness of cheese depends
very much upon the amount of but-
ter fat which it contains. Cheese
may be made from clear cream,
from whole milk, from unskimmed
milk to which cream has been add-
ed, from partly skimmed milk, from
milk completely skimmed, or from
buttermilk. -

Straight skim cheese, however,
is partly unsalable, and the general
practice in using skimmed milk is
to introduce “neutral” or highly
refined lard to take the place of the
fat removed in the cream. Such
cheese properly made can be sold
at about 10 to 13 per cent below
the figures which full milk cheese
brings. This practice is rather
questionable unless the cheese is
plainly branded “Filled cheese,”
and in many eastern states is pro-
hibited by law. While great quan-
tities of skim cheese are made in
this country it cannot be bought,
so rapid is its metamorphosis into
“full cream cheese”—a most re-
markable change.

The curdling agent acts only up-
on the casein and not upon the fat
particles, which are imbedded in
the curd, thus adding only to the
flavor and richness of the cheese.
To the casein alone is due the con-
sistency of the cheese. A full
cream cheese, therefore, has not
the firmness and consistency of a
whole milk cheese. On the other
hand 9. skim milk cheese is too
tough and lacks flavor and richness.
The finest cheese is made from full
milk, or milk to which some extra.
cream has been added.

 

Some men are so accustomed to
complain that a laugh scarcely has

time to sprout before it is nipped
i’ the bud. ~


THE ‘GRANGE VISITOR.

 

FEBRUARY 1, 1893.

/
F1

A
(WHO

‘ SING. 9

Notices of Meetings.

VAN BUREN COUNTY POMONA GRANGE

will hold its next session with Bangor
Grange, February 23, 1893, at their hall in
Bangor, Mich. A fifth degree session will
be held in the evening}

MRS. M. BUSKIRK, Sec.

 

THE MAGAZINES.

Very seldom have we seen a better num-
ber of any magazine than that which the
editor of the Allan/ic zllmzl/1l_y puts before
us for the month of February. It has just
enough of the various kinds of articles to
give it variety, and yet the traditions of the
Atlanlic are not violated in any one depart-
ment.

Among other splendid contributions to
the current Lr‘_15fz'ncatt’s “Josiah Allen’s
Wife” supplies a short story, “]osiah’s
Alarm,” and Francis Wilson a sketch, “The
First—Born of the Orchard."

An important article entitled, “ How to
Revise the Tariff,” has been written for the
February number of the iVart/z Ameriramz
Review by Hon. VV. M. Springer, whose
position as Chairman of the Ways and
Means Committee of the House of Repre-
sentatives gives him the right to speak
authoritatively.

Admirers and enemies of‘Mr. Blaine will
alike be interested in the very fall article
which appears in the February Cosnm;>nl1’-
tan reviewing his characteristics as a man
and statesman. A number of fine po .
traits are printed with the article.

The February Armm is unusuall_v strong.
Its contents are varied and alive with vital
thoughts. Among the Social and Econom-
ic problems discussed are “ Proportional
Representation," by Vt’. D. McCrackan, A.
M , author of “ The Rise of the Swiss Re-
public." “ Compulsory National Arbitra-
tion,” by Rabbi Solomon Schindler, “ The
Power and Value of Money,” by Rev. M.
I. Savage, and “ Women \Vage-Earners,”
by llelen Campbell. Liberal Theology
and Psychical Research are also well repre-
sented in this issue.

Marion Crawford is evidently utilizing
his social opportunities during his present
American visit for a study of American
women, and in the next issue of the Lml/es’
Home 70m-mzl he will give the results of
his observations and describe “ The Ameri-
can \Voman” as she appears to him after
an absence of ten years; in what respects
she has changed, and whether she has im-
proved in her dress, manners and tenden-
ctes.

CAN NOT BE EXCELLED.

.6’raa_7/ard Co. Pa., 7:171. 16, 1893.

DEAR S1R»—Having used the Ingersoll
Paints, especially those for Roofing pur-
poses, manufactured in Brooklyn, N. Y. I
will say they are the best and most durable
of any on the market, and can not be ex-
celled. In a short time will send you
another order for a barrel. Recommend-
lng that all users of paint try your goods
with which I am sure they will be more

than pleased. I am,
Most truly _\-ours,
S. J. KEITH.
(See adv. Ingerso1l’s Liquid Rubber
Paints-ED.)

 

A l'RESE.\’T.

By arrangement with Mr. R. M. Kellogg .

of Ionia, the well known fruit culturist, to
any one of our subscribers who will send
him their names, there will be presented a
copy of his work on “ Strawberries.”
Every one vt ho has a strawberry bed should
take advantage of this offer.

 

Elegant Chromo covers encase the 80-
page fruit catalogue just issued by Green’s
Nursery C0,, Rochester, N. Y. It is pre-
pared by C. A. Green, editor of Grant’:
Fruit Grower. It is a guide to fruit and
flower culture. A copy of both catalogue
and paper will be sent free to all readers of
this paper who apply for it by postal card.

WHAT SCHOOL SHALL I ATTEND?

Twenty years ago the young person
rarely had occasion to ask this question.
No choice was offered to him then. The
question that troubled him then was, “ Can
I attend school at all?" Times have
changed. Under favorable circumstances
every young person has an opportunity to
attend some school. This being an age of
specialism he turns kindly to the normal
school, the business school, the shorthand
school, etc. In response to the demand, a
great variety of schools have been organ-
ized in every state in the union. Eight
years ago, the FERRIS INDUSTRIAL Scitoot.
of Big Rapids, Michigan, was organized.
The attendance the first day was fifteen.
On the twenty-third of December, 1892. pre-
ceding our holiday vacation. we closed with
an enrollment of three hundred and fifty.
During the vacation, Michigan has demand-
ed more teachers, more first class book-
keepers, more competent stenogrnphers
than we could supply. After reading these
facts need any ambitious, hard working en-
quirer hesitate long in determining what
school to attend? If the reader were to
select a bank in which to deposit his hard
earned savings, he would select one that
had been organized for several years-—one
that had a tine reputation. A young person
who desires an education should exercise
the same good sense. Tuition rates com-
pare favorably with those of any other sim-
ilar institution. Board, including room,
lights, etc_, in private homes $2. 50 a week.
Club board $1.50 to $1.75 a week. For
further information, address the Principal,

W. N. FERRIS,
Big Rapids, Mich.

DRESSES 01'‘ ROBERT SMITH & C0.,
LANSING, KICK.

-- DETROIT.

feed for milcli cows.

 

HlLL’S SEED STORE COMPANY,

MICHIGAN. ——

ILLUSTRATED
CALALOG

ea».-.E‘§§§

It will tell you how to
make 8. Hot Bed and
Cold Frame, also how to
cultivate and care for
Vegetable and Flower
Garden. We Want every,
Farmer and Stock Man l
to try our new Sugar
Beet Seed, for three

two cent stamps will send enough to plant a row 150 feet long,
which will yield (if well cultivated) 25 bushels of‘ the best possible

CREAMERIES .' AND .'

 

Largest  House in the United States.

lilll ,
HEEEEHHHHHH

THE VERMONT FARM MACHINE CO.,
BELLOWS FALLS, VERlll0N'l",

Are I-Ingltgt-tl in the Rusitwss of Bttiltlitr; and Fittin,-:

CHEESE .' FAG-’l‘Ol{IES

. . . . . H.-\Vl.‘<'G .\"l‘ARTl~‘.D IlIl‘.\'l)RlCD.\"‘l OF CRl*}AMl'lRIl‘I.\‘ . . . . .

A good creamery can be built aui . ' (I f  A ‘ ' '
will find it profitable to confer with ud liillldiglileltisiglli colztrticts llii‘  §!?3['1u[;ll3(E)l(eYi'§‘

Justice to All.

It is now apparent to the Directors of the World’s Oolumbian
Exposition that millions of people will be denied the pleasure of bCCOi ». g
the possessors of

_W0rld’s Fair
Souvenir Coins

T/ze Oflicial Sam/enir
of the Great Exp0sz'tz'0n—

The extraordinary and growing demand for these Coins, and the de-
sire on the part of the Directors that equal opportunities may be afforded for
their purchase, have made it necessary to enlarge the channels of distribution.
To relieve themselves of some responsibility, the Directors have invited

THE MERCHANTS

Throughout the Nation to unite with the Banks in placing Columbian Half-
Dollars on sale. This is done that the masses of the people, and those
living at remote points, mav be afforded the best possible opportunitv to
obtain the Coins.

THE FORTUNATE POSSESSORS

of SOUVENIR COINS will be 1... .. .-. who are earliest in seizing upon these
new advantages.

$10,000 Was Paid For The First Coin

They are all alike, the issue is limited, and time must enhance their
value. The price is One Dollar each.

HOW TO GET THE COINS:

G0 to your nearest merchant or banker, as thev are likely to have
them. If you cannot procure them in this way, send direct to us, ordering
not less I/um Five Coins, and remitting One Dollar for each Coin ordered.

Send instructions how to ship the Coins and they will be sent free
ofcxpense. Remit by registered 1etter,or send express or post-office money
order, or bank draft to

Treasurer World’s Colurnbian Exposition, Chicago, Ill.

°l
dl
l

S when you low yap want to rev.

We wish to introduce our seeds
1 Pl: ng Giant: Cucumber mo.

1 Pktr. Silver State Lettuce l5c.
I Pkg. New Earl G"

5 Pkg. Choice ower Seeds. 350.

Costa over $50,000. I. is mnile

.A?$Al

. p.ND.'?E

-C//L?*VSEED...

culnol: reap bounuml harvests tom poor need.
have a. glorious yield. we offer our
'- Northern crown Grass and clover seeds.
We are tne largest growers of Fann Seeds in America..use 6,000 horn.
amphlet on Grass Culture 2e stamp.
10 Farm Grain Samples So, with Catalogue 16c.
11 Samples of Grass and Clover Seed 10c-.wit:h Catalogue 18¢.
35 Pkgs. Earliest: Vegetables, sumcient tor lamily garden. postpaid 31.

For |4c Postpaid (Willi calaloguezzc.)

everywhere and offer for _l4o postpnid
1 Pkg. Early Three Weeltslhdish. 100.
rant Tomato. 200.

 LA-CR0 SSE

 

R _

1%
\
/E

/g

that is eternal) ‘ ht. Y
M5,“ mi‘; .

all g neundel-900. l 1

Our price 15 14c, less than

I-ll the null value to intro-
Seeds.

% In listed by no
duce Northern at-own

E§’Our Seed Cntalo is thellargest. néost clpltnglete etver published.
you oro y can u roatage.

ERrSEED'C33

HUDSON
HOUSE

Lansing, Mich.

H. A. BOWIE
Proprietor

“luw-llnwn" Milk Wagons, Bakery
Wagons and Grocery Wagons.

sf,

 

._ * -A — y

43$’?
vAe. I2'
Write for full pi:l.I‘tlCLlli:l.lS LU the

l’lllS0l'S “LOW-l)0Wli" Wlllloll 00.,
Earlville, N. Y.

HAYFRESSES

5‘ [‘_‘srl:l:L Pnzsszsgl

  
        

  IT;  it
2<i\DnD£ltiEizt'st:l't"sl{ili:Ttlits.!Ell€BA8Etc!l.2fl.Y.

 G RAPE VIN ES
Also Small Fruits Trees, etc. Bent rooted stock.
Genuine. cheap. 'l'

10c. Dene‘ ' ' I .r .
" i«iit?t'§"l°fbi:"s'cil°.°l‘naontn, N. Y.

W0 a_ample vines mailed for g

      

~c - M ‘-‘J .~4-. mi: *'.-
Bont hwast corner Capitol Square, Lansing. Mich.
Thorough and practical. One of the finest suite
of rooms in the country, and a large wide awake
faculty-_ _Departmenta: Commercial, shorthand,
lynewntlnlz. normal. ponmnntlhip. Expenses low.

for our yagtr- . _ ,_
In writing mention Tn: Gannon Vzsrron.

lillEEll llllllllfllll GRAPE

Entirely Hardy Stood the test
and very vlgor- ol '1 years and
ous. the vines  ,_ pronounced
hearlngafrult F » lheearllest
olexqulslte and best grape
flavor.  <' on the market.
0  The enormous success this grape

hns met with has caused substitute.-
t£);):g>ka_§3g_!gp;;.ll:t;e:tJlnrket. Buy no vine without the
...‘.'.'e.-.:.,':‘::’....°.‘.'..°.i.'.-':.'. AGENTS WRNTEB

STEPHEN HOY‘l"S SONS, New Canaan, Conn.

 
  

E5110 HATCI-IER MADE

Can show better results _ “"— ="‘=
Over60 in successful o 115- "
tiou in Decatur, Ills. a one.
Th’: eatesl: hutch ever ao-
coznp ished. M chicks hatch-
ogl at on-a_t,xme, with n‘). Ocarin-
clty slnablelncubatpr.
Hun reds of tnsttmomnls.

    
     
  

 
 

r. .

     

Pl

 

us,-no as u
—._i...

D0n’t decide to 20 elsewhere until you have sent t

>- i
<u.IZ“ _ =55
I-—E§;' -z is

-cA< _O<: jg
.>-u.lEgzc;)__ or»
-553mE.“
|.l.l ozo 
O<-1 -503
IE ‘.12 E8

23 ‘
§‘:
H5

Guarantee to have the only perfect Creamery known.
Guarantee to use the choicest and most protluctire material in existence, giving t
the user, Productiveness, Durability,
raising a. finer quality of Cream the y
antec GL._tss for milk setting to be the only perfect mat
1s non-porous, non-corrosive, and keeps sweet and clean a. life time.
We Absolutely Guarantee to save the cost of our Creamery in repairs over any other in existence.
VVe have thousands of living users of our Crenmers, and can substantiate the nliove fully.

7-1

G

5

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99 Q?
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<4 4
£9 9
#3 3

"ll tlve’°,orustal Greameru. "THE. worms 31537.”

OUR ABSOLUTE GUARANTEE COVERS THE FOLLOWING

- e Are The Only Firm

Giving to customers cash discounts on orders. We alone
catalogue that best of all bush beans, the Warren and
I . that best of all early DURS. the hxcelsiqr. No
other Seed (.‘.tta1o:.vue_. of America or Europe,
contains so _l2'l'L‘Il[ a variety r3f_several of the stand-
ard v -rzetables.‘ d, in addition, are many choice
vaii -ties eculi. ly our own. Though greatly
enlargnrl in bntli the vegetable and flower seed ePR\"-
I'Kl£3llK\‘ w - solid our catalogue FREE to all. '1 he three
Warrrmts s'ill lmltl rvnnd. anrlntir customers ma relvttpon It
that the Wl‘ll rarned l"'DlliIlil(lll of our seed for r_eshness an
pufn will crvttittue to he guarded as a most DFECIOHS D3"

‘ our capilal. J. J. H. GREGORY & son. Marblehead. Mass.

   
    
   
   

 
 

 

Flnclosa 4 cents in stamps
or new illustrated catalo no. KI‘Ad"-toss Tan:
Runsnz lxcnnxron a noonnn (.0., 0‘ met. 11.1.

In writing mention Tm: GRANGE Vtsrron.

FENCE BUILDING
MACHINERY . . .

Largest llne. beat and
cheapest in the WUPIII,
Agents Wantnd. Sold
on trial. LANE BR08..
Box 13. Holly. lloh.

F R E E CATALOGUE SEED5-
I l’.“.l.'.l..*.$;zo'3.l’..L°'°‘- E“-
I. 0

s ‘ T E ' NORTHERN SEEDS.
Money made by buying my 399(53-
as pktn u.oo. 20 to so gift.
Presents with every order. nd
‘ postal card with name and lid-

tlreas lbr catalogue.

 

 

HOTEL - -
KIRKWOOD

. Lansing, Mich.
l. M. BROWN, Proprietor

Heated by steam. Ratio: 31.00 per day. People attending convention: can always find comforts.-

 

A. R. AME-S Madison. Wis.

od i .
bl(e3ori-).0lI'1liil:.lliii¢llcn‘1lvnlrI.nnd (“ii-tiiild-ct. Only two blocks from State Capitol.

‘¢



.,.. ,, 5.,“-. ,.