“THE FARMER IS OF MORE coivsao UENCE THAN VOL. XVIII, N0. ii. SILVER. To THE EI)ITOR or THE GRANGE Vis1T- OR: DEAR SIR--—Yours enclosing missing 1 numbers of the VisiTon is just at hand. i I see the number of the 15th contains two I articles purporting to be replies to my article on silver and wheat. After carefully reading over those arti- = cles I am at a loss to understand why! they should be headed “Reply.” Neither l Brother Working of Colorado nor Brother Torrey of Lansing make any attempt to , Ch- . 1 tf ) reply to my ‘“'gum°m" fOI‘l](fi1Ogl?tCI)) I‘he0Ip[lJz1.tf1(:)(l‘I!ih(:{)5f Brother Torrey in a three column essay ; takes but one exception to the article, the ' balance being niere fault finding with things past and present without even the suggestion of a method by which the cir- culating medium of exchange can be in- creased. He appeals to us to rise above partisan “ prejudice" to stand together as 5 one man in demanding an increase in the ' volume of money.” ‘ That is just what the State Grange of Michigan has been doing for the past five years as the adopted reports of its executive committee will plainly and abundantly show. The particular thing which Brother Torrey takes exception to in my article he quotes as follows: “The idea that increasing the circula- l tion in the United States will increasei the price of bread or any other necessary 3 article of food is the veriest nonsense." i If I had underscored “in the United} States "' perhaps Brother Torrey would j not have felt called upon to quote maxims ‘ of political economy which apply only to 3 the it-holc volume of the rum-id's circlua- ‘ tion. In the very paragraph from which he quotes 1 say that supply and demand determine the exchangeable value of all commodities, money included. I illus- trate it by quoting the price of wheat and l the per capita circulation of the United ‘ States in I876 and on April '22, 1593, showing that with a. one—third greater circulation in 1893 the price of wheat was less than one-half its price in 1876. i It is the ratio of the world's supply to E the W()rlfl‘o \I.I‘3llllI‘:x\.1 CD8! IIXOS Uh- r-luv of wheat and pork and all other world- wide transportable commodities. Wheat is low in price, pork is high; why should the one be comparatively very low and the other comparatively very high if it is the volume of money alone that fixes the price‘? \Vhen I wrote the words " Or any other necessary article of 1 food" in that quotation without restrict— ‘, ing it to articles dependent upon the , world’s supply and the world's demand‘ like wheat, beef, pork, wool. cotton etc., I made the statement too bread; for all 3 things not affected by foreign demand or foreign supply would rise in price by an I increase in the money circulation of the United States. j Brother Torrey and I agree so nearly on everything but the particular way ‘ the increase in circulation is‘ to be i brought about that newspaper discussion ‘. between us would be of little service to l others. I I now call attention to the remarkable l article of Brother D. W. Working, Mas ter of the Colorado State Grange, pLlI‘-l } Brother Whitehead. it has power to bind l accusation of lying in set terms. :2 " HE FARM, AND SHOULD BE FIRST IJ|IPROI’ED.” given to that body to bind any member of _the Grange upon any question of Pollilcal economy or governmental pol- icy? On the contrary the ritual which that body requires every subordinate Grange to comply with, informs the can- didate that the Grange will not interfere with his political opinions. _ Ifthe national grange has power to bind its subordinates to the silver policy of them to the Minneapolis platform, to the party or organization that may spring up. It is this attempt of Brother \Vhite— head to speak for me as a member of the , grange against which I protest, and it is 2 hrs assuming to speak for Brother J. J. W00dmflu. past master of the national grange, and for Brother J. H. Brigham, the present master of the same body, that caused them to join in a request to me to answer his article in the columns of the Vrsrrou. As the article was writ- ten at the request of these eminent men in the grange, Brother Working would hardly want to accuse them of “ Retain. ing me to traduce the character of one of the best friends the farmers of Amer- ica ever had,“ or “ To spread false reports concerning the position of the IlEllZl()I18.l. grange." _ In ‘my article I state that at the Cal- ifornia meeting “ The grunge passed, by a small majority of its i~0t2'.iIg members, a resolution favoring the free and unlim- ited coinage of silver." In this statement Brother Working, the master of the Colorado state grange, says. I “ lie both by implication and in set terms." I made the same statement in memorial to Congress, written at the request of the state grange of Michigan. Brother VVhitehead wrote me that I was mistaken (he did not call me a liar). The statement was made be- fore the proceedings of that grange were published. VVhen the record was pub- lished I took occasion to examine it and l""“’ “ '-11 —‘--\.-6 J" -u ~- - I e . . or 50 voting members (the record is not before me and I speak from memory); that is. members that had the right to vote in that body. Every patron knows that there are two classes of members in both the state and the national grange—— visiting members and voting members. The visiting members have the right to propose and discuss questions. but not to vote upon them. Voting members have not only the right to propose and discuss matters but have the sole right to vote upon them. I find upon examination of that record that twenty-nine voted for free coinage and nine against it, and that the balance gave no expression, which would indicate that twenty-nine favored, nine opposed and eighteen were undecided. It is hardly necessary to argue that twenty- nine aflirinative votes out of fifty—four or fifty-six makes a small majority of the voting members. I deem this a siiflicient reply to the As to lying by implication: Brother LANSI . 7’ < q .. I n I l.‘§?,,_1_l'-’Z“.-.53.‘! :..!".;j~"ar.s ariu were almost mean as I am. _ rey nor Brother Working can "grind —— ——— ——- e———- tionalgrange are in fiver of that kind of free silver exchangeg}, \Vhen you have read it I think you will exonerate me from the charge of lying in set terms or by impliétion. The people of the'{,.United States are now buying silverjvith legal tender treasury notes ant}. are getting one ounce of silver for each seventy- five cents in trejéury notes. Will Brother Working 3'): any other adv‘)- cate of that kind ofiffree silver coinage tell the readers of the Vrsrron why the people of the Uniteelgfitates should obli- gate themselves by to pay $129 an ounce for all the silvQ}Vthat may be offered atany sub-treasury of the United States? VV ill he tell the readers of the VISITOR why the people of; the United States should obligate themselves by law to buy allthe silver product or the world and pay twice the price thatholders are willing to sell it for? W'ill he tell us wherein the farmer would gain by a law that would compel him to give two bushels of wheat for an ounce of silver when he can buy the same ounce of sil"-.7er with a little over one bushel of wheat now? Telling the readers of the VISY-.OR, who know me much better than he does, that I am a 1iar.'that I can not be trusted, that I am an ignoramus and adisgrace to the state that gave to the world a Judge Cooley, does not answer the ques- tion. Would Brother VVorking obli- gate himself to P93’ $129.00 for a horse that was offered on the mar- ket for sixty two dollars? Does he ad- ‘ vise the farmers to do business in that way‘? If not, why dices he defend Broth- er Whiteheail for advising the people of the United States to buy "mules” that way. _ I would like to have brother \Vorking answer these questions. And, to save him time, I will admit in advance that I am the meanest l1l8.D._lX1 America and to save him the trouble-of a tirade of abuse Of §Te51d~i'iage it be -'=1PPll9d E0 f01'l'«if.Ving tn?) COEISL value” itought to be easy for him to point building 3 na".Vi0Penlng a Ship canal : it out. Assuming a false position :'or an from the seaboard to the great lakes and l opponent and then accusing him of in- nnP1‘0Ving other water ways so as to-‘consistency is quite a common iiicile of cheapen transportation. Would it not 1 m-gumemfbut Degtherla fair my ,-,,ia,.m,l be better for the people to put it to such one. There is one nibre charge of Mr. a. use than to donate it to whonisoever Benedict's which I ourrht perhaps to. dumps his silver into the treasury? The ' answer. He accuses me (If being a lawyer ;fllfi:91.l9nC.e. b°;_tiVV96n gennlemen Working, and of having taken away his key‘ of ‘would give a»;Ii‘.;"ii,‘:s'creu‘fis"01‘='m:s?.-tayf. knowledge. 1 admit that I am or lulu» ple, and I would put it to such public-i’ ' ’~ &.;sjc-ea m,.C. iiiiat ;,1‘:L‘lc <,;r.i~. ‘:1:-,9, use as would benefit the whole country; 5 the lawyer who has taken it_wiii 1-cum. .... I am surprised that Mr. Benedict should ‘I to him before he writes again. suggest that a change be made in the; The difficulty with the 8.l‘g1lIll€‘l‘:ll-3"*7'I ratio in favor of gold, or that he should 1 the “gold bugs ” and the “ silver eels IS condemn the Sherman law as having not so much in their reasoning as in their done no good, and join the hue and cry 1 premises. Both assume that the ‘aw of \Vall street for its repeal. That law , material of whatever money isiiseil to has supplied fifty millions a year to the I measure value must be intriiisiically circulation, without which it would have E worth as much before conversion into been that much less than now, and if it ‘ money as after, whereas inoiiey is the is want of money that has produced the ; evidence of credit exchangeable at the present crisis, then the crisis has come 3 option of the holder at its value for sin)’- in spite of the Sherman law and not on 5 thing in the market for sale. ‘lhis value account of it. idepends upon the credit of the maker. Wall street says, " It is want of ; Take from gold the " fiat " of coiiiiiii-rcial confidence. there is money enough, re- 3 nations making it a legal tender for clernts peal the Sherman law and restore con-land its exchangeable value would iall fidence.” Mr. Benedict joins with them to the place which supply and (lt‘lI‘i2vl_l'l(.l and says "the repeal is universally (le- E for use in the arts would gi\'e‘1t. W‘itl'i manded.” This crisis has not been lfree coinage no holder of bullion, I-itiier brought on by want of confidence in the * gold or silver, will present the inetal at government or want of confidence in the the mint for coinage unless the cziinage legal tender treasury notes, for the very will add to its excliangeable value. I he bankers who have been demanding the I best medium of exchange is that which repeal of the Sherman law, have raised i has the best credit, that is, the cr5eI(‘lhit , e soon as our exports ceased to equal our imports that the drain of money from this country to pay interest and dividends on‘ foreign capital invested here would bring on a financial crisis. That time has come and the prophecy is fulfilled. This cry of the brokers against the Sherman law is the old cry of “stop thief " and has proved a boomerang to return to the thrower. Does anyone suppose that if the United States had taken the money that has been paid out for silver and paid Portlng to be 3 rein)’ 30 my article; and , Working says, “Note the following from I ask 0V€1’Y 1'0nd91' Of the VISITOR 70 rend i the proceedings of the Concord meeting,” it 0V’91' Carefully and S99 if Y0“ can find l and then quotes a resolution which 311)’ argument in 15 3n.YWh91'9 that has I Brother Rhone, chairman of the execu- any tendency to Show that the free and tive committee says in the same number unlimited exchange OI legal-tender treas- V of thg V;S[T0R in gnying of sole purpose of compelling the govern- ment to issue interest bearing bonds that they might buy them. The fault is noti on the Sherman law, it is in the manner of its execution. Mr. Cleveland said “ a Mr. VVorking and his confederates, in the name of the National Grange, insist upon giving that additional value to the mining corporations of Colorado and the West and compel the farmer, who can this hue and cry of " confidence” for the ‘which is least liable to change. ury notes for silver at the price of one dol- lar and twenty-nine cents in notes for every ounce of silver offered at the treas- ury, or any sub-treasury of the United States, would increase the price of wheat; or if you can find in it, anywhere, a refu- tation of my argument holding that it would not increase the price of wheat. Brother Working has undoubtedly read the advice given by the old lawyer to his student. which is this: “When the argument of the lawyer on the other side is unswerable, never try to answer it, but devote your whole time to abusing the other lawyer; call him everything mean you can think of. That will divert tiie attention of the jury and they will forget his points.” And undoubtedly Brother VVorking thought that this was a case where that advice should be put in prac- tice. As an individual member of the Grange I have protested against the use of its good name by Brother Whitehead in advocating an economic measure which a large minority of the Grange believe to be unwise, impolitic and opposed to the best interests of the farmers of the United States. If I can gather anything from the column and a half of personal abuse which the distinguished head of the Colorado State Grange heaps upon me, it is that the National Grange by a majority vote has the right to bind every member of the order to any economic policy. He says, “Observe that the (lrange speaks with authority for itself." Now, I ask, upon what subjects does the Grange speak with authority? My impression has been that it could only speak with authority upon those sub- jects which appertain to Grange law and Grange disci line. Where can Brother Working fin either in the constitution -ir by-laws of the National Grange or in vleclaration of purposes, any authority lthis matter, was passed at the Spring- ,field meeting. But neither Brother lRhone nor Brother Working give the ‘affirmative vote on that resolution, and ’ it is a little singular that neither Brother \V0rking nor Brother Rhone should at any time give the number of voting members that composed the several sessions of the national grange or give the affirmative or negative votes upon this question, except the California vote, when they arraign me and charge me with false statements. If it was at Concord that this resolu- tion was passed, then Brother Working knows that it was strenuously opposed by a large minority of that body; but Brother Rhone says that this resolution is found in the proceedings of the Spring- field meeting of 1891 at page 176. If it was adopted at the Springfield then the environment could not have been opposed to free silver. Either Brother Working or Brother ‘Rhone is mistaken about the time and place when this resolution was passed. I will not be vulgar enough to accuse either of them of lying. I have looked carefully over Brother Rhone’s co y of the record of the national grange on nance and I find nothing there that contradicts the statement in my ar- ticle that a large minority of the grange are oppose to the free and unlimited coinage of silver, especi- ally that kind of coinage which Mr. Whitehead advocates, vi’/..: The right of any owner of silver bullion or foreign sil- ver coin to deposit the same at any sub- treasury of the United States and receive therefor $1.29 in legal tender treasury notes for every ounce of such bullion or coin so deposited. And, reader, I ask you to look Brother Rhone’s report over and see if you can find anything that would now buy of the mine owner an ounce of silver for a little over a bushel of wheat, to pay the same mine owner two bushels of wheat for the same ounce of silver. And this they do. as they claim, in the interest of the farmer! While the foregoing was being type written I have received the July number of the VISITOR containing Mr. Benedict’s article, and as I will be expected to re- ply to each and all of these articles, a reply to this may as well come in now as an appendix. Mr. Benedict’s article con- sists mainly in quotations from former utterances of mine, and I wish to thank him for placing them again before the readers of the VISITOR. I stand by them each and all today. Three years ago the silver bullion of the silver dollar would buy as much and more of every product not do so_ now. “ Mr. Ramsdell argues at some length in favor of retaining the basis of the treas- ury notes in the exchangeable value of Where in any of my writings can he find value of silver. Cannot Mr. of labor or land gold excepted as it would have bought at any time before, it will Brother Benedict says, it. silver as against its coinage value.” even a sentence which could be inter- preted or tortured into confining the issue of treasury notes to the bullion Benedict see the difference between paying the public office is a public trust,” holding that trust he hears the same relation to the people in conducting their financial affairs as a guardian does towards his ward in conducting his financial affairs. and if he would act upon the principle that the law compels a guardian to act he would pay the treasury notes in the money that would best subserve the in- terest of the people. Mr. Benedict says “Mr_ Ramsdell knows that if the price of silver should advance to $1.29 per ounce the price of wheat would not re- main where it is now.” But that if is in the way. If the sky should fall we could catch larks. When the Sherman law went into effect it raised the price of sil- ver from 92 cents to $1.21 an ounce by absorbing the entire product of the United States, and under the natural law of supply and demand that amount taken from the world’s market would have maintained an equal or greater price for It was confidently believed that it would raise it to a par with gold. But the financiers of Europe supplied the place of that taken by the treasury by is- suing silver bills of credit payable on de- mand and thus made one million ounces of silver stand as a redemption fund for five millions of bills of credit and to further discredit the silver purchase of the treas- ury they have caused the suspension of silver coinage in India, cutting off 45 million ounces of annual demand and re- bullion or foreign coin holder twiceas much as his bullion or coin is worth, and the issuing of treasury notes to the full extent of their coinage value and invest- ing the difference in such public im- provements as would benefit the whole people? Cannot be see that what I have been contending for, for the past four and oblige the treasurer by law to pay years is that the people shall have the it. I am not in favor of any such crazy benefit of any added value which their financial policy. credit gives, whether that credit is given In my reports to the State Grange I duoing the value of silver to 75 cents. In the face of all this, Mr. Working, Mr. Torry and Mr. Benedict would allow the owners of these discredited millions to bring them to our treasury and demand twice their value in legal tender notes, indicate that even a majority of the na- to gold, silver or paper? That my have time and again pointed out thatas best credit in the world is that of the United States and the least liable to change. For all internal exchange a legal tender treasury note is better than gold or silver and is preferred by the business community, and if the coinnier- cial nations of the world could agree _to the issuance of international notes limit» ing the amount to the existing nee.dS_ Of international exchange, and apportioning to each nation its proportionate s.lia1‘e- and make such international notes #1 legal tender for all purposes as gold is now made, both silver and gold would retire to a state of “innoxuous (issue- tude.” If the United States were an iso- lated nation ‘having no coinmunicatioii or intercourse with any other people, then a legal tender treasury note for five dollars, which has little intrinsic value. would be worth just as much in exchange as a five dollar gold piece, the iniriiisic value of which is worth the amount expressed on its face. If the readers of. the VISITOR will examine the reports of the Executive Committee of the State Grange on Finance since I have been its chairman, they will see a progressive and continued advocacy of the use of the national credit for money direct, instead of through national banks, and the use of such credit to any extent that the business of the country should require, tobe increased in the same ratio that population and business may increase. Who is the next man to come forward and reply to my argument by calling me a liar and accusing me of venality and of falsifying my position? N EXT. J. G. RAMSDELL. Traverse City, July 9, 1893. Mr. L_yonsti‘eet—I want an ounce of str chnine. l'lill]Druggist (siispiciousl—-I-I can't sell strvchnine without a doctor's order. Isyonstreet--But it isn’t for me. ‘ It’s for the fellow that practices on the corriet next door. (Druggist makes up a package, and throws in . n extra half ounce.) . ness of his department. 2 run Gnanién VISITOR. JULY 15, 1893_ Field ‘am: Siock. MILK. PROF. P. M. HARWOOD. I(‘-ontinued from last week.] It is iinfoitiinate that no statis- tics are available which show ex- actly, or even approximately, how much milk is produced in this coiin- try and just what use is made of it. We do not know how much is pro- duced, neither do we know how much is consumed as whole milk, cream or skim milk, or how much‘ is made into butter, cheese and condensed milk. It is true we have statistics of exports and imports of the differ- ent countries of the world, but even these are to a degree niislead- iiig. Taking the total exports and imports of butter of different coun; tries for example, and we find a great deal more butter is exported than is imported. These two items if correct should balance: The in- ference, is therefore, that sonie- thing (presumably oleomargarine and butterine) are exported by some countries as butter and are recorded by the importing countries under some other name. The difliculties in the way of anything like an accurate census of dairy products must be manifest to all. Of the whole list condensed milk would be the only one easily obtained. Nevertheless, where there is a will there is usually a way, and it seems to me that approxi- mately accurate statistics of the amount of milk produced in the world and what is done with it is quite necessary to an intelligent study of the milk question. It is not my purpose to point out the way at this time. I may have something to say about it in a later article. My object of referring to it now is rather to call attention to the desirability of such statistics. A Michigan man is now at the head of the department of statistics in this country. Let him take the initiative in the matter. It affords an excellent opportunity to add to his laurels as well as to the us«£ul- Had we now the statistics above referred to we might be able more clearly, to . noint. out wlisnit. is.-tl1.at butter. fat age about 25 cents per pound, cream about 2 cents per pound, and other constituents of milk have a low money value. We are told by the chemist that milk is nearly a perfect food. Animal physiolo- gists tell us that the nitrogenous elements (casein and albumen in milk) are of the greatest import- ance iii building up muscular tis- sue, and are instrumental even in building up fat. On the farm carb- hydrates and fat are abundant in all the coarse fodders raised. If the farmer buys any food to balance ratios for his animals, he must buy food rich in nitrogen. Such foods usually bring high prices on ac- count of their nitrogen value. The same is true of fertilizers with which to feed our growing crops. Those containing nitrogen are the most costly. Potash 6 cents, plios- phoric acid (soluble)8 cents and ni- trogen 18 cents, are the prices as at present fixed by agricultural chem- ists. In short, as a rule, nitrogen- ous compounds‘ are costly and car- bonaceous compounds are not. With milk the rule is reversed. Why? Let him who can answer the question in its entirety without the missing statistics above referred to, do so. Some may say: what ' matters it so long as ‘the fact re- mains wliether we know the why or not? My answer is that it matters a good deal. Knowledge is what we are are after. A great work is being done in this line of investi- gption, both in this country and in urope. Our experiment station has already done much to throw light upon the milk subject. Ex- periments iii Germany and Den- mark have also been of great value. The following points are coming to be settled: 1. Butter fat is the measure of value for milk, for butter making and cream raising. 2. Butter fat is found to be ap- proximately a measure of value for milk for cheese making. 3. There are those who believe that butter fat is the measure of milk for food consumption as well as there is a good deal of evidence to support these ideas. With butter fat at 25 cents per pound and with the possibility of producing more pounds of butter fat than any one other solid in milk (by the selection of suitable cows rather than by feed) it would seem that milk rich in butter fat is the great want of the day, and that there is really no place in our animal economy for other than the so called butter breeds of cattle. It is not my ‘purpose in this article to take sides with any breed. I am of the opinion that no one breed of cattle is perfect. I am also of the opinion that the great Coliimbian test which is now going on at Chicago will not settle the question of “the better of the breeds.” That test is a good thing however. It it being conducted by some of our best men in their respective lines and will add very materially to the great fund of experimental knowl- edge. But so far as the battle of the breeds is concerned, that will not be settled. Nor will it ever be settled until the perfect breed is found. The question of what con- stitutes value in milk is of conse- quence just how far this idea of butter fat should go is of conse- quence. “Butter fat” may be the one who plays the organ and “casein” the boy that blows it. “Butter fat” may obtain the larger salary. But the importance of the boy (casein) might best be shown by his absence. Here are some of the things which to my mind ought to be done. 1. Ascertain how much milk is actually produced in this county‘? 2. How much of it is consumed as food as whole milk, as skim milk, as cream, as condensed milk, etc. 3. How much is made into but- ter and indirectly, of course, all that is consumed by the families of the makers? 4. How much is made into cheese; total amount as in case of butter‘? 5. Is the milk- which is best adapted to butter making the best for cheese making? This question seems to be already practically answered in the afiirmative but needs some further investigation before it can be taken as absolute- ly settled. v 6. Does the size of milk globules sufficiently affect their digestibility to warrant consideration in the purchase of milk for family use? It is generally CO11SlLl€Y€Cl_’§ll&_l;HLl}’§ tHe"JifieItiiiTg‘Lpoiiit' and the more easily digestible is the milk. The question is, is the point really one of practical iinportaiice. 7. With the same object in view as in 6 is the standup element (stearine) in butter really a desir- able quality. 8. Are there any foods. that do influence the composition of butter fat? A number of recent experi- ments by oiir stations indicate that there are. 9. Can the per cent of fat in milk be influenced by food? Experi- ments to date, notably a very large one in Denmark with 240 cows and covering a period of two years, go to show that in the average ordi- nary foods within ordinary limits do not change the per cent of solids in milk, including fat. This is the exact opposite of the common be- lief among farmers. Much interest is manifest both in his country and in Europe in the milk question. Recently much valuable information has been ad- ded to the great fund of knowledge upon this subject. There is still a wide field for investigation. The near future will, I have no doubt, add richly to the storehouse of knowledge. Ag1'z'cultu.ral College. THE GREATII-}S’I‘ TAX. \Ve hear a good deal in these days about the taxes the farmer has to pay, much of which is too far true. Nevertheless I believe the greatest tax the farmer pays he im- poses on himself. Ihave even seen this past winter at least a dozen mowing machines and hay rakes, four or five reapers, two twine binders and plows, harrows and small tools, ad libifum, standing out in the field or yards, exposed to rain and weather, for no other reason that I can think of except to be handy (?) next season. When the owners take from the receipts of the farm to buy new tools and find a big hole in the same receipts at the end of the year they say “farming don’t pay; taxes are too high,” and spend time enough at the store(?)complaining to have put away the tools a dozen times and so have stopped this self-im- posed tax.—Edwin van Alstyne. FARM rE'_h'r1L1zERs. [Paper by Mr. L.]. Post, read at Lowell F:irmer’s Institute.] There is no subject of more vital . importance to the agricultural 00111- miinity than that of plant food, and apparently there is no subject that is as little understood. Now I will state right here that we are no chemist, and the state- ment will, no doubt. seem to most of you very superfluous, and just why we were chosen to lead in this important subject will always re- main a mystery. One of the worst features of American farming is the €X'0I‘€lI1€ wastefuliiess of plant food. Nor is V this any the less true in our large‘. cities, and one of the most encour- aging signs of the times is a_ tend- ency toward improvement in the saving of what has been far worse than wasted. The question of sew- age in our cities is becoming a se- rious matter, and we can hope the day is not far distant when the waste matter in all our large cities will be put in shape to be returned to the farms instead of polluting the streams as it now does. Chemists tell us that the soil is the result of the destruction of the l rocks mingled with vegetable waste. It is the turningpf all life, organic and inorganic, into its original ele- ments. It is the great graveyard of creation. It is the great mine of the world out from which comes the food of all animal and vegeta- ble life. It is Mother Earth from which all organized life springs and to, whom after completing its little round, all matter that enters therein returns. The giant of the forest may span his thousand years of time and towering upward a hundred feet above his fellows may seem to despise his humble origiii, but his mother is patiently waiting for him, and hoary with years, worn and weary seeking rest he bows his lofty head, falls upon her breast and receives her final embrace. If we give a bushel of ashes into the hands of a chemist to tell us what it is made of he will return us silica, potassium, calcium, phos- phorous, sodium, aluminium, sul- phur, iron, chlorine, magnesium. These are the elements that all plants take fr_oni the soil. Tliesoil from. the ledges iorihsidlid F61‘;i£I““"V Geology tells us that by the action of the drift waves of ancient eras, mountains of water six thou- sand feet or more in height swept ged, craggy surface, of the ancient lava covered earth. This soil is buta sprinkling on the surface of our globe. At a depth of but a few hundred feet at the utmost on any spot of its millions of miles of surface, we would strike rock solid to the great lava centers. The man who could tell the world exactly the composition of a rod of ground and the daily changes that took place in it during the growing= season, and how these affect the: maiiures applied, and how they . affect it, and how the results of these actions and reactions atfecti the growing crops, would take his: place among the immortals with- ‘- out a dissenting voice from amongl, his fellow men. I Chemists have settled the fact} that most of the dozen elementsl that enter into the composition of’ plants are found in sufficient quaii- tity in almost all soils leaving but potash, nitrogen and phosphoric acid as the three essentials more or less of each of which we farmers must supply. The three chief sources of farm fertilizers are: Barnyard manure, growing crops or green manure, and chemical or commercial fertil- izers. Each one of which has its especial advocates, and we will speak first of YARD MANUBE. A few years ago we were told that if we would quit raising so much grain to sell off the farm and keep more stock our farms would soon become rich. That by feed- ing the product of our farms to stock and returning the product of our barnyards to the farm we would get larger crops, and then more stock, and still larger crops, and the problem seemed easy, but has the result been entirely satis- factory? Look at some of the older dairy farms of western New York and you will find that it takes two or three times as much land to keep a cow as it did 30 years ago. So we from the north breaking down, fill- , ing up, and smoothing off the rag- E conclude that the problem is not so easily solved that way. find that the good effect of the fer- I I tilizer is largely offset by the tramp, l tramp,tramp, of the cow, and es- pecially when pasture is scarce, so that many farms in stock raising districts are literally tramped to death. It was a common practice a few years ago when our farms were new to raise and sell all we could, and often the same kind of crop year ‘after year thinking that when the land began to resent the treat- ment all we had to do was ‘to plow under a crop of clover and renew the former treatment. But we found to our sorrow that the clover refused to grow, and we were in a bad predicament, and suddenly re- alized the fact that it would take years of judicious, systematic farm- ing to get the land to its former fertility. Just at this state of affairs a well dressed, smooth t-ongued gentleman arrives on the scene. He repre- sents a wealthy firm in‘Butfalo and readily comprehends the situation. He can tell you just how much each crop requires of nitrogen, phos- phoric acid and potash, and can tell you just how much of each par- ticular kind of goods is required to row any crop at a profit and still leave the land better. Your mind is just in the right condition to receive these truths, in fact you are open to conviction. You invest in half a car load, which in due time arrives, and 'udging from the smell you con- clude you have struck something rich. In the meantime you have received a package of circulars from headquarters proving the su- periority of their goods over all other makes and you congratulate yourself that you have found the right firm. You follow the directions closely but leave part of the field unfertil- ized expecting the result will sur- prise the natives. \Vhen harvest time comes you almost imagine you can tell where you commenced put- , ting on the fertilizer without look- ling at the stone on the fence but neglect to call the attention of the natives to the surprising difference. Now do not conclude that I con- sider the three systems of improve- ment as a failure, as this is far , L‘ A , , LAA. 1‘ Ll-£11]; «I-hat, fr-xv d-Ln ‘best results we should combine at least two of them, and perhaps all three, but should be used in a dif- ferent way than many of our farm- ers now use them. If we wished to treat yard ma- nure as badly as we could without actually throwing it away, we would throw it out in a loose pile through the winter, and then leave it ex- posed to the washing rains of spring when it would tlioroughly_ leach. Then through the hot dry weather of July and August to burn out what little ammonia was left; and leave in small piles through the winter ready for spreading and plowing in in the spring. Yettliis is actually the way many of our I I I I then in the fall draw to the field; farmers are treating their yard‘ manure today. {To be continiie«l.] I’l'liYEl{['/.El) SOIL. lVe ])6‘I'f0l'Hi1;lIm-E3111 experiment many years ago which exhibited very distinctly the ditference be- vtween a crop growing in a finely pulverized soil and in one cultiva- ted in the common, rough manner. The land was hard and cloddy and was not fit for a fine crop. It was taken in hand when the weather was dry enough to favor fine pul- verization. Parallel drills were made for roots, and to make them perfectly mellow, a log, drawn with a horse by one end, was passed suc- cessively along these proposed drills. The wliole was thus finely powdered. Beets were then planted in these drills, and the mellow con- dition kept up through the season. The result was, in a high degree, satisfactory, and the beets raised in these drills far exceeded those un- dercomnion management. A better mode of pulverizing may be devised, but this example is given, not to show the mode, but to give the result.—C’o2mfry Geutlenum. In his youth the country boy acquires the power of forcing himself to the per- formance of labor, however unpleasant and wearisoine it maybe; with this power at his coinxnzind and strength earned by liab- its of attention and application, heiexcels both in the city school and in the race of life.—Z. C. Spencer, Baffle Creek. Patient-——“ Do you give gas ?” Dentist— “ No; you have to pay for it. This isn’t a barber shop.”——BrookIyu Lg‘/e. Wet Say, young man, there is one thing you cannot do. You can't make a success in life unlesss you work. Better men than vou have tried it and failed. You Can't loaf around street corners and saloons, smoke cigars, tell foul stories, drink whisky and sponge on someone else without mak- ing a failure in life. You must learn a trade or get into some honest business. If _vou don’t, you will be a chronic loafer, de- spised by all, producing nothing—simp1y making yourself a burden on your parents or the state. There is no place in the world for loafers. The ripe fruit is all at the top of the tree. You must climb to get it. If you wait for it to fall at your feet, you will never get it. Smarter men will jump up and get it all. Move. Do something, no matter how small. It will be :1 starter. Help youself and others will help. There is no royal path to success. Toil, grit, en- dLll‘flllC6——lllCSc3 are the requisites. VVake up and see what you can (lo.-—F0rr('.\‘I0n I-Ivralz/. Irate Pnrcnt—“ It’s over an hour since I sent you to the store to get those things, and now vou have come back without them!” Sinall boy—-“ It was such a long time before my turn came to he waited on that I forgot what you wanted.” Irate Parent-—“ VVhy didn’t you come home to find out?” Small Bo_v—--‘”Fr:iid I’d lose my tiirnI”——/{arj'rer’.~‘ /)’azm‘. A peculiarity about it is that when money is tight it’s business that's apt to stagge-r.—— P/tilazieljr/iirz Times. MICHIGAN STOCK BIIEEDEIIS. All those who wish to purchase pure- bred stock of any description, will find it to their advantage to correspond with some of the following well- known breeders. PRACTICAL SHROPSHIRES. \\'c are now offering for sale 25 choice Regis- tered Sliropsliire Rains, many of them from imported sires and dziins. These T211115 were drawn as the tops of about no 1‘1l.n1:~’, and coinlnnc to 11 large degree individiinl excellence and superior lii‘ccdin<_r, \\'c are also offering it fine pzirty of yearling, two year old iiiid aged Ewes at iiiodcrzilc prices. \\'e solicit inspection of our flock. HERBERT \\'. l\Il7 .\l FORD, .\[osc-ow, l\[i(-.11 EUGENE FIFIELD BAY CITY, MICK SlLCCL‘.~SDI‘ to I\IERRII.L .\' FIFIELD Importer and Breeder of HEREFORD CATTLE 3”“ SHROPSHIRE SHEEP Choice stock of both kiiiil.< for.<:ilc. Prices reason- able. Corrc.~'poiidciice .\0llCl[<.‘(l. HIGH CLASS SHROPSHIRES. We offer ten imported 2-year-old rams from the flocks of Messrs. Bowen-Jones and Minton that will weigh 300 pounds. and shear from 13 to 15 pounds at maturity. that are tested sires and fit to head the best flocks, and M) liom.e—bred yearling rams. We shall make an early importation for our ’93 trade. Annual auction sale September 31. THE WILLOWS. Paw Paw. Mics. SPRINGDALE FARM LANSING, MICHIGAN JAMES M. TURNER, Prop Shorthorn and Hereford Cattle Clydesdale and Standard-Bred Trotting Horses, Shetland Ponies and Shropshire Sheep FOR SALE L4 A few good pigs froin the Ilillsdiilc Coiintv lierilot I’riI:iii,' (jun furni_.f~, p:ii.r.<_ Ol'l1‘l0>’ not zikin. Insp mm of our licrd \(IllCllL'(l, or \\‘i‘itc, (lust-ril\in._r L-1,,_\.,.[\. what yoii \\'1‘.1lI.,1l!l1l szitisfzictiviii will Ix“ _Lrii:ii-';iiitec-(I. Mock recorded in 0. 1’. C, R. JoHN_ BOWDITCH Hillsdale, Michigan H. H. H-INDS Stanton, Montcalm Co Brceilcr of Shorthorn Cattle American Merino and Shropshire Sheep BLACK MEADOW FARM. Standard-lired Trotters Sluwtliurii (‘little SIii'opsIiii'o Slioep l}«rksIiiri- Pigs F. A. BAKER, Detroit. 69 Buhl Block. Write for Catalog. o;i.1a1av‘vp3a1tryvv Yards. Eggs for hatching per 13, Barred Pl outh Rocks, Rose (Ionib White. and Singlenllfomb Brown Leuhorns. $1.00 to $1.50, Vvhite Wynn- dottes and Light Brahmas, $1.50. Mammoth Bronze Turkeys, $2.00 per six. M)" yards are all headed by high-scoring males, hens and pullets score 90 to 95. My stock has won premiums at all the principal shows in Michigan. JADIEH‘ Mllilillll, Ji-., Bealdow, )licli. COLBY STOCK FARM. Rambonillet Sheep. Galloway (‘attle. and Per- cheron Horses. All stock pure bred and regis- tered. Two Percheron Stallions for sale at a bargain. Spring Rye for Seed. Address, L. F. HOAG, (‘.oLi3r, 111103.. or L. B. TOVVNSEND. Ioxia. MICE. M. H. WALWORTH IIILLSDALE, l\IICH BREEDER on ESSEX, VIIJIIIIIII IINI] SUIIIIIII SWINE Also American i\Ierino Sheep of choice quality SH ROPSHIRE HALL STOCK FARM Has now on sale50R. ‘ ' Real-term yea-nE§‘”xf:‘:5:"..’;'.**.:."i=.:.=.1T.*:".:.*:i Ewes and Rams. 1893 importation to arrive in July. L . DUNHAD Concord, lV¥i,ch_ SHROPSHIRES FOR ’93 Re Imported. Registered and Unregistered ferences: -G . W‘ , ex B:;ker,l1!)1:;1:e Gregory, Ch ' x r T...3;°:...°3:.;s;:..““v'a.“d.%';i.‘*:r%:.£°i.a: u:1f'i'1Nz an eXpX'855u 9- 0- Dunn. icon. 3 ‘J JULY 15,1893. THE GRANGE VISITOR. . 3 EATRONS’ PATRONS‘ PAINT VVORKS have sold Ingersoll Paint to the Order P. of H. since its organization. House Paints and Cheap Paints for Burns and Out: buildings, 10,000 Farmers testify to their merits. Grange Hulls, Churches, School Houses, Dwellings, all over the Ian (1, some of them painted 15 '_l/(’(l7'8 ago, still looking well. prove them the most durable. AINT MICHIGAN PATRONS “Buy direct frorn Factory " at full Wholesale Prices and save all Mid(llemen’s Profits. O. W. INGERSOLL, Prop. Oldest Paint House in America 241-243 Plymouth-st., Brooklyn ORKS lugersoll‘s Liquid Rubber Paints Indestructible Cottage and Burn Paints Sample Color Cards, “ConfidentiaI" Grange Discounts. Est mates and full particulars IVIAILED FREE. \Vrite at once. llish nothing. Do we want good the $1,000 with which to do busi- crops‘? Do we want good roads? ness. ' Do we want money? There is no It is estimated that there are at u P sure way to obtain them except by ' present in the United States 5 per- vlabor. To work and await results; sons who have each in the neigh- . . __.m... land this labor must be judicious l bdrhood of $100 million, Postal Joflings. Sez I, in faint accents, “ \Vhen shall we get to the end on it ?"—Stumz/It/m. Y “But think of the chcapness on’t, Sn- _ 7 . ‘ manthal The chance I have of gettin’ the 8'I.ld to the p0l1ll3- hart I'€SllII: Of pcrsfzns :i.\'eI:':lge mniliion dollfls worth of ,,,,, ,,,O,,e,._»~_7,,,,-,,;,_ his labor would attend the man who ‘,_m., u «- 5 n «- ‘ went into the woods to cut down i §;,°ff,,, I: II .4’ .. .. , H But that man was dethlv sick. iviiv the forest with hoe, or who went‘ miow ‘- " ii “ " - -. 4 ~ . . l .. _ , _, , IF YOU APE THINKINC OF BUYIVG he had drinked ll tumblers full, and I 1I1t0 the fields to cultivate the Corn “Th l’”.l°’“ wl‘.°l”l.° mil-V ’?;’%(£‘l(’ll‘M' , x I tremble to think what would have followed with an axe, or who planted his, :; r.cx£.<:<.Oic; “ “ “ “ 5,0200 ‘ l . . 1 _ _ I I _ W Y .. .. .. .. “S .. . K on, and ensued, if I hadn’t interfered.”— Corn 111 the Wlllliel, O1 1].‘! the road‘ A mm of I033,-HOS peso“ who Comm, $6+S0Oy, l l he“ “ml f'°'“ tll“ “me “ls ““°“”"““ ‘° he“ sow the seed and the proper condi- ‘ and all those who have from one- had be“ “‘”°mme“l' "0-""‘l°‘“’ ‘"”“l °l°5“’4" l tions of growth; so must all suc- l fourth million dollars down to $l,- i Y “'S‘"”‘“’”"" lcessful efforts be properly applied. l 500 we shall find 36,405 persons: 3 Every human being of ordinary 1 who own $26,000,000,000 or an aver- = “ No ” sex I. “and trulv as you sav the : , _ , ,_ _ ._ woman’ who ,\ mm. Wm, Weds p,.:n,cr_ lllltelllgelltfe has the_ €l€‘.I1l€11_l3S_Of‘;8.gt‘Of$l,Ié)0,000€aCl1;:1llfl 10,300,-i She needs help‘ more.“ ha” the mm, She =, success, in any vocation he is in- 5 000 persons who have 1‘_:3b.50O,000,-1 duz."_.s"um.mx/m, lclined to, it he will only take thel000 or an average of $3,760 each., Eproper means for such success and Allowing 5 persons to each family “I would tczir a man lim’ from limi, if 1 bend every energy towards that re- there would still remain 2,464,000 I I Samantha. ,in due season. The farmer, if lie1L'"*l»“ 0“ W" ‘W l‘-“W it ’ ;he has to buy is low, and while 2 Siipi-i'|i iiiccli;iiii~in, <,:i‘:iL‘cfiil vlcsigii li:iiid- \‘Ulllc finish, liglit riiiiiiiiig and iioi.l"ll)liiieLl by ll1L' tlic ll(‘SI lll\‘L‘ll:llllt.‘2|l tail:-nt .:i:d it .\l&ll.l.l~’ tlic pr-cl‘ of llll otlicr .~t:\\'iii;_=_r iiiiithiiu-.< on the lllLIl‘l{(,‘l.. FULLY WARRANTED FUR TEN YEARS. .-\~ uililitioiiiil ciidciicc of the gr-iicriil super- iority :lll(l wearing ipiiilitics of tlic “Colum- liizin,” it is \v:ii'i'.iiitL'(l for lcii \'E’2lr~. The “ Coliiiiiliiiiii" will mil-wczir iiiiv two of the liiglicxi ll'ik cd .~c\\'iii_-3 ll'I:l('lllll(.‘\>lll ll\L‘ \\'Ol’l(l. ll:ll‘(lL'lll,‘(l stool, pii~~c.~ti'iictimi.< IS pi‘ofu.~'cl_\' illiislrzilcii, ‘.ll‘l(l :lll.~\\'t‘l'.\ Ilic pur- , p(i,~k‘ of :1 coiiipclciit tcaclicr. ’l;lic l}:il.iiiu:—1\\'l_ici-l :iiii.l iiiziiliy of tlic liiic p1ll'I.\ iirc iiicl\cl—pl:ilctl, \‘.'llll ULl‘lL'l’ purl.» liiiv;-l_i.' cii;iiiiv.-lcd uni. oriiiiinciilei . giviiiu it ii |’lL'l zippciirziiicr-. Tlic lill])l'0\'L‘il :ui1uiii.itir boliliiii \\'lll(li 1' l.~ >0 sinii-lc tliiil 1l(‘llll(lC:ll‘l c;l\llV' opcrutc it~\\'iii(liii~_r the - Illl'L'(lLl :iiitmii:itic2ill\' kill the liobliiii :i.< L-\ciilv (ind i‘c«_'i1l:irl\ :i.~ tlic tlirczid till :1 \]i4>()l. 'l‘lii~' \:ilii:ible A(Hl_C»1lll ‘mulcr amCc‘_ning this 1 1 W 1 7 REV.‘ TIIOS. D1501} J1. Of New :fllEilCllll‘|t3ll[1l'&‘l;(l.Cl‘>‘lzllpilfflc ll '[llt‘]l‘ft'(“hi| 4'Ulll'll‘(‘.Il of. the s’lii_itllc tcii_.~io:'.,_ and all iiiinoyiiiicc T{'.\'l'll_Illlg inlany ( eInH..oOgueS W011 ( I8.Ve IIS ‘ 101-k‘ In a recent Sel-D1011, Spoke as :_ iioiptsipti(:.hiii:.ii iIlL.l iii; \\ ii c t c ll|.lL iinc is in iiiolimi, \\liii,li is cuiiiiiioii In niany illilt-lllll{~F-, - , .‘ c ll'l’ y \ 121 cc . lbelleveq but a VVOI.'I§II'lg Of the DI- follovvs I-eggtrdvinzor thg rilsh fronll A sclf-st-ttiiig iiccdlu :ll‘.(l ~clf-tlii'c:i:liii_-2 l‘\ll".ll€l" Slllllllc .ii‘c u.~cd in this " Coltiixilii.iii“ Wallillli ill thc Szllllc‘ lllllC.“+S(I/Ili!I1//1:11 VVQII 35 I19 (lld yef‘l.I‘S flgO WIIEII 1 i up. I .\ll ]i:ii‘1.~ :u'c_ tittcil >0 .u'<*iii':i!cl_\' lluil lll<‘.\t: Ill;lL'llll\('\ arc ;il\.~'(»- - _ - ‘ _ - ‘ South Hai-e1l_ I ’ .'i_ii< 2~_\. l'l|lllllll" :i~ llllL' ;i('l’ft'](‘[ lfll c\'cr_\‘ rcxpcct, .'i~ c\('i‘_\' iiizicliiiic p:i.~>i-~ ii rigiil , ‘. - .0-u I» 10- 1 . 1 , i . ion my COIllpL‘I:c‘llI lllL‘ll we ore .c:ivinu' tic LI(‘I4ll‘_\'.A _ 7 i an act 11 35$ ne t er: Qflnlt 5Q|ng of you base l);1}l1_gt5 njake at lzxtrii :lI[1l(‘llllIt.'i‘lI.\ in :i vi-l\'clvlii_iv:Ll i‘:i~c, st-ii_t Ercc \\'llll l'.l\’ll iii:i:‘liiiic: i l‘iick(-r, 1 lhilllcr \\'l[llll tconlfort O1. happlness although We 1 1 . I ,‘ _ b ' _ . -sliii’i'iii_-,1 pliilc, 1 lIL‘ll'llllL'l: Sct ti \\'!(lIll.\) .llHl -lIlllCl‘lllL‘l‘S. Ck!llll’ll7llll()llS iiiid S()lllrlpreSSiOx1 of the lnoney powevr as, Lions solicited. ‘ CONDUCTED BY “TYRO.” STAY IN THE COUNTRY. lii;_{li nrin _‘ dcpurtineiit to F. AipL'I‘lx.‘> of pcrcli. llkl: North Ai ‘l'lC1|ll fi't‘>ll \\:itcr fl.\ll(,‘.\ of c fiiniil_v Cciit.r:irliid.ic. 4. I’uiiit-st. ;. l’ro\'iiicc of Eizl . n.i-;«_-1'.-1 tl-lg". . ‘l -i; 1. -xi.‘ , ,- . ,- nuunr n 1 1 mm 1nrixri«'Ii~o]ul w ' lwlien the) will woik togethei ii1,The cradles of the poor have been - I~\M~r<- 1 harmony for each needs and must , those that have rocked the greatest 7. Fixes. Bm1_«;m'. Pu. .\'n. Io,—lI.'i'r/in//. Tlic <1//of tiiiic, lm\\ coiiiplclc, IivLr_\ wlierc >(‘L'\l. The d;i)'~ our by so ilcct And c\ cr nc\\‘ >('Ci’lC Is l\l'Hll‘_’_’lll to \l{'\\‘ ziiiiid Tlic dvliris (if slixittcrcd liopcs \\'licr«.- jlI\'.< we lox rd zire iiid, l‘lc.iuty tliii.~. copcs \\'itl'i (lcxulfillinll cvcr. But (‘l|l‘t:S tlic >:idiic.~~4:ic\ci‘. 1;’!/:_;r//uI1.';‘n/1. .\ . I .\'u. 1I.—I)m;u-wi,V. i_l)cdic'.llL-d in L‘:lll).:l 1“i<.\:v‘r'/. l. A lcllcl‘. _’. A kind of lll(i('Cil$lil. 3. A. Bili- lical ii-nine. i. Stirs. 5. Rolls of pzistc. (3. To slinrc. 7. Ciiniiing. Iiii:i_~,5in:ir_\' .\])ll‘il.S of tlic ii. .\ lcltcr. \V2{[€l">'. wclliiix_r in thc roof of ii lior of ii\l(::1Y(:l. 5. Working in wool. (J. Ii.\i'laiiiicd. 7. S\\iiiiiiiin;; logs of in- sects. \. I)cp:iit~ y.SiiLi2iLcs. l0.:\lt'll>li.[Ull.\), ii. A letter. W//itr Ilomw, .\'. 1}’ C.\ru. PRIZES. CAi.o Offers a pack of 25 adrlrcss cards with winnei°’s naiiic and address thereon for the best diamond sent to “ /)’nu'u Hbrzl-l’ based on CASTIGATORY, before August 15. There in List be more than one competitor. I vsill give a six months subscription to this paper for first best list of solutions to Nos, 3, 4 and 5 of this department. Two copies of “ Song of the Bell” (paper), by lot among all sending one or more correct solutions. Answers to this issue must be in by August 20. Please give me your support my mystic friends. TYRO. “ Samantha" wins. WORK AND WAIT. Which means work faithfully and intelligently at that which our hands find to do, and you can wait fearlessly for the reward of your labor. It is both wisdom and good sense to practically consider a ques- tion in all its bearings before we decide upon our future actions—— and then work it for all it is worth. Everywhere this universal law of nature obtains something, never comes from nothing, vain imagin- ings, and longing wishes accomp- lvine law of progression and im-ithe country into the City l provement. ‘ Labor and capital are 1get.tiiig_ better acquainted with the‘ laspirations and wants of each other, a the mother of greatnegi It is not ; able. There is a poverty that is. gsc\\‘iii_: iiiii him.-s. ’I‘lie_v are so siniplc that an ~ mic ',:is our Iii.~’ti‘uctioii Book is fullv ill-.i.~’lr:iIcil, _\lllH\.'lll Cilll c:iii c.i~il_\' opcrzilc IllL‘lll in it fun miiiiili-A‘ time, 5.: how to do all l\’lil(l.~ of f:ll'lC\‘ work with ;itt:ich— Tllere is a poverty is 1.eSpeCt_ ll1‘I(.'lll.S.tl Tlici 5§'lf~tlirc;iLliii_; .\ll\l-[llc i.~ >0 .-iiiiplc tliiit witli two lllOlll)l‘i.\ of ilic li:iiid l’i.'icl\\\;|i‘ll\ll.- l c is ll‘L‘:l( ct . 'l‘lic (lri\‘iiif_r-\\'liccl on ll'llS ‘liiiic l.~ zidiiiiltcd \'Cl1l(fl'lt of any. 'l‘lic iiinrliiiit l and IS only 8. question Of l of poverty I Speak today. ‘cover. di'op-leaftahle-, 4 end di':u\'ers and ( j have the other. ‘ , T119“ ls 1l_‘’ more 0 men of the earth. But by this we 3 ~natural conflict between capital and , mean ,, decent poverty in which , i wnliiut wood work. ‘ llricc lll(‘lll\lll\:_[ one _\'c.'ii".~ .r0HCl1mg- 1 ness and rags is a curse and only a -‘ 11‘ is \VARR.-\N'l‘l<)l) Poi: 'l‘EN YEARS. T1115 15 eVl ll1ll‘\lL‘llL(l. and is tiiiislicd iii 1! siipi-rim‘ .~t\'lc. to lie tlic ~iiiiplu-st. t!:lSlL‘.\'I running and IllI\.\[ (‘on- sclf—tlii‘L-ziiliiig. li:i.~‘ the \'c!'\‘ licst. tciisitiii. ziiid is iiixulc of llic best V It has Voncwrecl '9llI€l' .\‘\i‘|iig(Ii'a\\*t-i' and finish:-cl in oak or pi'cp.iiil. (il\'t‘ iiiiiiic of The iV[ac]iim- is shipped siibjcct to your :l.])|H'U\':lI, and if not. uriied AT OUR EXPENSE Gould llnutliing be Fairer? GRANGE VISITOR. LANSING, MICH. Fzirnis in Isailiclla Couiity A\'ICl{:\('rI-i. .'\liOL‘T .\IL\'I'£.\"I‘\’ .'\(‘RE.\' F. \(‘H Bciuitifiillionics,largo liziriis. fruitful Iil’Clll1l'Al.\', nc-zit cniiiitry sclioiil lioixscs and cliiii'clic.<, thriv- ing villiigcs ziiid 1| liiiiidsoiiic city, pr«i\'clli(: pivispcritv of the people. The sL‘linol.~ and (‘lil- lcgcs of .\It. Plciisiiiit arc cxccllciit. ():lK>, Cl0\'v.:r, slicep, potatoes and fruits for gL‘llCl‘:1l furviiiiig: corn, l)'l\' and rich ]’)1lS[llI'C.\ for (l1IlT_VlllLV and stoclx i‘;i iii_«_{, liiivc iii:i(‘lc iiiiiiiy f:irnici‘~' \\'k'll off; L'niiii- l l l l described’ “T119 great foul l pi'o\'c(l liiiiils, viiliiiililc tiiiilicr liiiids, piirllv iiii- rattliiig, crawling, smoking, stink- ing, a ghastly heat of fermented brick work, pouring out poison at And yet they come in tens, in hundreds, in thousands, in tens of thousands every year, crowding the already crowded trades crowding the already crowded dens in which human beings live like They leave clear skies. every pore.” beasts. They leave pure air. They leave kindly friends, syuipathetic neigh- bors. They leave earth, in other words, for hell, and still they come. Could not some kind angel whisper to them when they make up their minds to leave the old country home that they are taking their de- parture from earth and hope and descending to the lower regions? The only possible explanation is that they are ignorant. They do not know the city. They do not know what it is. They do not understand until it is too late to retrace their steps. It is simply impossible with language to ade- quately convey to the average mind the facts in the condition of the life of the thousands who live in Their poverty is indes- cribable; their wretchedness some- our cities. thing unthinkable. We are increasing our mailing list to the tune of “ Samantha.” proved fiiriiis, and fzirms liiglily iiiiprnw.-d. iiiid (‘ll(ll(‘L‘ citv priipcrty for szilc for rczillv low prices‘. For sxuiiples of (lc5ci'iplioiis of Slll'll prupcrtv as vou iiiziy desire and fuel able to liii)‘. lYlL'il>If aitlilrcss ('()l)K'S REAL ESTATE .\(i'rEN('\', Mt }’l(-aszint, Mich. Uzustraffld @ . ,.. é‘¢.§‘$‘ 3 TON $35.0thurIlusp-vrortlomhlfloi ON TRIM.-FREIGHT PAID-WARRANT!!! asaooo & mo/npsor/, Binghamton. IV. I J. C. GOULD, Agt., Paw Paw, Mich. m,$iu,9,oo ran $l.00 is no goods nor lottery scheme, but a fair business proposition, which we carry out as follows: Tonnypersonsuileringfromrllltsinau lorm,weoi'Ier the new discovery in medicine, ll corn insd external ternai treatment known as the "fvniiiin PILE cums lnabsolutely certain cure for BLIND. BLEEDING. l'l‘(‘llllIG IIIII PBUIBUDING PILIS. Gives INSTANT BELIEF. A PERMANENT CUBE. So harmless, it can be used by It child with perfect safet .and one package costin ONE D0l4laAB WILL DO YOU 0 ll HUNDRED llfllililllfi WOB_ ll (IF 900]). at least this is the honestly expressed opinion of hundreds who have been cured by it in the past year D0 501‘ BUFFER A DAY Lolwflll, but ask your drllmgirtl. for it. or we will send it postpaid for IL00. or asmall trial package FREE for 10 ets. in stamps, also avaluable book telling all about piles sent tree. Address PYRAMID CU., ALBION. MICE 150 1"E'\K7' ECUBE PLAITS. ll v_ou are thinking about building, duiit. tail to buy the new book for 1893, PkllI1aer’,g Model Dwellings, containing plans und spe-citicutionsof 150 ouses, costing from 3400 to 85.000. it contains 128 pages, size lixll inches. bound in gper cover. $1.00; in cloth, 00. Mailed to any address ' °’fr'§°<°5‘t‘$ii1’i5i§‘"‘i°>f.‘i.‘li§'i. < - - 1 er 57 Rose s'r., New York. ofiayaou sronu-: Specialist Veterinaru ._: Surgeru Oiivet, Eaton Co., Mich. I make a specialty of Castrating the Ridg- ling Horse. and Spaying the Kicking Mare. I Castrate Colts without the use of ropes, cords, clamps or tire irons. Spay all kinds of domestic animals, Capon Fowls; Dehorn Cattle, File Horses’ Teeth and I will go any distance provided a club of sufficient size is secured to pay me. I guarantee satis- faction in all cases or no charges. Write for circular. FOR SALE. In the fillll(l\l>~ fruit belt of Michigiui, Ocean: County. Farm 200 acrcs, 180 clciircd, two farm lioiiscs, thrcc barns, two grziiiiirics, two good wclls, zoo apple trees llC2ll‘lll_L(‘, I00 bcuriiig plinnx, S00 plunis one to three years out. No waste land, and all lieiivy grass, grain or pluui and pear land. One and one-hiilf miles from court house in II-art the county scat. Forty 29.L‘l‘€S, fziir house, good packing house, wind engine and good watcr. Four thousand trees planted from two to ten years. Peach, plum, apricot, apple and cherry. Sold 2,000 baskets pcachcs in 1892. One and one-half miles from water traiispomition. A(ldrcss, E. I). RICHMOND, HART, OCEANA Co., Micii. The Hand-Made Harness 60.. OF STKNTON, IVIICH. E. D. HAWLEY, Pres. Wu. H. OWEN. fleas. O. MOORE, Sec‘u. Retail their o\vn make of goods at w/Ialexalr jlrice, W's make a special of $20 double team work har- ness and -.1 $10 sing e harness. “'e guarantee satis- faction, and prepay freight on five sets. By per- mission we refer to Hon. H. H. Hinds, of Stan- ton. hoiiu county ladies. C 4 I 1 H‘ - V south inlet at the eafmpf V31‘); . V V properly in close proximity to the Published on the 1st and 15th of every month. , Convent Santa Marie La Rabida’ lin which are stored the historic gpapers and relics relating to * Coéumbus and his work. To.w_hom allexchangas. comniunications, adver peaking of llistory brincrs us stézltliig business and subscriptions should be naturally to the great White ling, the most. southerly of any of itlie important buildings on the iagricultural building, Kenyon L. Butterfieltll Editor and Maiiager, LANSING, MICIL. ()fli(-0. Ronni 19. Old State Building. TERMS 50 Cents a Year. 25 Cents for Six ‘ - -» Moritlis. 1.. cm». of 20 or Inore 4ocentsIfl1'0111lClSaWll1Chl13S been so long In g‘,’v'a-uV§:jmgjfiggon§§J‘31f$;lg‘;§f)§mg‘(§\e‘:}§,eg; coiistruction and wlnch is now only renewed. partially opened to the public. on§f3§.l2i”§fi>if.?€ldi§f§ l’fmR§§f.?l‘;i§‘lnI5§f”°” Ameung endorsements °Ve1' its __ ‘many portals we read archaeology, Segioiltl/Eiire(;‘<(ilaa‘tg§tifle;tl’eqstt)fiice at Lansing. Mich.,as ethnology, anthropology, man and his works. Ineed not now refer to the thousands of relics of ancient days going “ way back ” of Colum- bus’ time and showing that man executed many very curious and ‘artistic works before he began to write their history or even brag abotu them. Don’t fail to arrange in disposing of your time here to give considerable attention to the study of the exhibits in the anthropo- logical building. Directly east of this building, and on the lake front is thel forestry building. This structure, 3 unlike its neighbors, is not made' of staff and does not represent white marble. It is made of native forest woods in the rough, A Grange Headquarters At the \\'orld‘.~ Fair. ('l|icaj.-_-n. Rtnmis o, in, up Lixc Stock l".i\'ilinn. ncztr sm;tli\ve.~‘t corner of the Implement l)C]\:lI‘lIll('lll, A_~.-,'i'iv:\ilt\Ii':tl liiiilditig. Miss Alina Hiiuls. Otlicc Set-rctnr_\‘. Cull [l)1_'l‘L‘ fur .Ill infr>I'm.'|ti(m of llltt,‘l'l:$t to l‘.Itions, and for it lvxulgr of itientiliczitioii. HDon’t forget Aug. 14, at Bay View. We’i'e on a vacation. The devil has charg.e of the paper and we’re irresponsible. The general subject for Wonian‘s VVork this issue is “The house in THE GRANGE VISITOR. August. This date was included in the days Brother Whitehead assigned to us, and was given to Berrien county. After the distri- bution of dates and too late to make changes I learned that the Berrien county picnic was to be a three days session, and in conse- quence Monday the 28th would be of no use to them. I have there- fore applied to Brother 1Vhitehead for a new assignment of a date for . Berrien county and by the change, ha.ve Aug. 28 for disposal to any county or locality that applies first and is in reach of Brother VVhite- head. The vicinity of Ingham or counties southwest would be most desirable. Other portions of the state being fairly well represented in the allotment. All of these meetings give promise of a great success. All are to be well adver- tised picnics and Will give the National Lecturer the ears of a vast number of the people of our state who are not members of the order. Members of the Grange in each locality where these meetings are held should turn to good account the occasion, by securing large accessions to our membership. GEO. B. HORTON. FREE IDELIVERY 01-‘ MAIL TO and is roofed with common un- painted shingles. All the forestry exhibits are not yet in place, but: almost all countries under the sun l here unite in making a display of! which we live.” Mrs. Mary A Mayo has secured the articles from Cal-. DON'T FORGET. I ”f"t-Pt .tl¢t. .. . .. Don t Olge a Mus’ m We l the painter’s brush can imitate. are making a strenuous effort to: push the VI.’- _last, and were towed across the: 16‘ Mam11,,.M,m,5t% Atlantic and participated in the 17, Alma,Gratiot naval demonstrations at Hampton 18. Iéremglfit. Ngwiiyzot Roads and New lork, and from 21,? Llfging alliigfianfn thence came via. the St. Lawrence Ba“. Begs,’ Hmsdale and the gretlilt lafises and Bsaféely §<1),prion,o£k1and dropped anc or ere on ri ay _ . apeer» 8990? afternoon being received with great These dates occupy the full time pomp and ceremony and are now a that the Worthy Lecturerj_ of the part of the great exposition.‘ They National Grange has given to are moored at the dock in Appointments in Michigan. 46 M H M H St the Michigan work except the 28th of FARMERS. J. D. FOLLMER. including those who are and those;‘ JULY 15, 1893. lwith as great rapidity as the posts There the price of labor is low ;of the Romans. The post oflice l and the population is dense, so ;abroad was established for the use that the cost of delivering mail in : of rulers, and the cost was defrayed l the country is not nearly so great lby regular taxes, but when the 2’ as it would be in the United States. ;people were permitted to use it The service here to be satisfac- . they were charged for the privilege tory would have to be universal, or a postage high enough to pay all l in other words, established over expenses, and yield a large revenue 1,0111‘ entire country. Throughout to the state. In America a difl’er- the south and in our newer western ent system has always preiailed. } states the population is very much Here it was established for the use § scattered. Frequently long dis- of the people. ltances occur between houses and The postoflice existed in America much longer distances must from its earliest settleinent. Sbe traveled in going from town Originally it was merely a recep- Qto town. This would render free ‘tacle in a coffee house. where g delivery of mail to farmers very lletters arriving from abroad werelexpensive. No one questions its ldeposited and taken by those to 1 convenience. Our postal service whom they were addressed, or , is not self sustaining now, and so carried to them by their neighbors. 5 far as I know never has been, and _ The first legislation on the sub- if the free delivery system became Ject is found in the records of the ‘ universal in the country very much general court in Massachusetts for larger appropriations would be re- ,1039, and next in the colonial law , quired, and we think the surplus ;of Virginia 1057. l in the United States treasury That of Maassachusetts provides would soon vanish, and one politi- ltliat “notice be given that Richard cal argument would go with it. Fairbanks, his home in Boston is ‘ Yet are not the farmers and those the place appointed for all letters . residing in the country and smaller which are brought beyond the seas ; towns as much entitled to such or are to be sent thither, to be left 3 service as our more favored with him and he is to take care brethren who live in the larger that they are delivered or sent ‘ towns and cities? ,a(.-cording to the directions, I/111(l1S(-I100lc7‘(t_ft, Mich. he allowed for every letter a penny I and must answer all miscarriages, through his own iieglect iii thisl -' 72 -‘ L”,JIfL‘€ C 1011.8“, hm . Y. r. ia Just now when the housekeeper .0 1 '11’) 11"-111 re-r-, ,- . , _ -*3 »1s busier Ihan ex er, and the three SALA DS. 4 Before discussing the main ques- , zwoods much more beautiful inltion it may be well to give somejmessenger to :texture and luster of grain tlianlfacts concerning the origin of thelpatcheswas they arrive to the next the M11 )f fa. ,1 t - _ 1 t ‘I S M S R10 6 ife of HO ippstoflice $ly1S)'CP.D1iWl1911ESt8.l?llSl1§(l,l1)l$1lltFltlOI1, and so on, on pain 0 ,O,,,.1wu;,._ i1iE\},,.:.a,,11.:,,I)a1SI.ii')f.lr1::,d:, _ 1 r.. . . 1 n ,w l1.t\‘V}(?1’G am vwiom. arriers or ‘ ‘ ~ In A Lt‘01lP11'(l 3110110, Master Of Str"1t9l.tll(é coynveyanice of letters and dis. ; for default.” _ and V patches for Kings and Princes are 6Cl1t1V_€ COII1- E as old as Empires and Kingdonis. , tablished between it um“ Good intentions are n0,l1J1'lt'f<_3l3_ Niiti0113l Grallge, 15 h(>V:‘,Tlie vast extent of territ.-ory, andwcolonies and in 167 tpiesiding at these liearlquaiters the great number of Ixings and post to go monthly 61‘ , satraps subject to the emperor of‘ York to Boston.” uired them ‘ couriers to and bring, The first system of posts $991118 to have been es‘tal)lislied by the werelowered. ‘Ilomans. and front the Latin. the age fixed in 1t‘.l'2 \\‘r'I'c continued . ;WUl'(l post is derived. ' "_]"\‘)“'I‘ ‘”’l‘”M“ ‘policy of the ROZl1(lllS to maintain constant <-oinmuni:-atioii with all under, countries that became S11l)_]€("t to 100 miles, 8 cents; It was the them, and for llll: purpose they i.('O11Sl1‘11('lGLl royal \‘.L2;)‘S from Rome , 15 ‘through all countries of Europe, tw and their route is today easily traced through Italy, France and Germany. At intervals were greater and; lesser posts. The first. at a day’;-:. ‘ourney was a small band of soldiers ‘ .l en(-amped, and a large equipment, ;of men, carriages, horses and sup- l number iatever was necessary 3 couriers or travelers ', were re- I G . plies, and wl for expediting on their way; at the other lays of horses, and over all was th Roman eagle. Along these ways the courier bore public and private letters, ; while passengers and inerchant, were carried by slower <-oiiveyances ‘, On one occasion, it is said that aj courier traveled nearly across th e‘ continent of Europe at the rate of‘ 160 miles a day. As the power of 1 Rome declined, the posts were ’, generally abandoned, the ways . neglected and deserted until the dask ages removed these vestiges of civilizatio I n. , l The rennaissance of the thir-3 fteenth and fourteenth centuries.service. It was to the renewal of intercourse‘ between different parts of the same country and with foreign States,§ and by slow degrees the highways, were renewed and the posts weref, again seen traveling through the‘! land. On the continent postal service was established for the con- venionce of sovereigns and nobles, but subsequently the carriage of «passengers, freight and letters of 2 private individuals was permitted. The service was generally per- formed by the sovereigns who owned and maintained the equip- ments that they might retain the power of inspecting all corres- pondence. Later on monopolies were given private individuals. The posts of the Counts of Thurn and Faxes were maintained for many generations, and their stamps are found in many large collections of stamps. The car- riage of mails in Enghllld V_V8S generally left to private parties; although even there it was re- peatedly farmed out asa monopoly to favorites of the crown. The introduction of stage coaches at the close of the last century gave dispatch and regularity the postal service of Great Britain and about 1800 the mails were carried led quired “every planter to provide a 3 meals must be Served every day Convey the d1S"salads have a prominent place iii forfeitin< a ho ':heal f t )ba(-co - - ' «*5 3‘ ‘ " ‘ are a_nice relish and help to make a vaiuety. The dressing for all salads I make with the yolk of one hard l>.01le have held l\£'ft>!‘A:: \\'hicli crowns a stranger with :1 l\llI,‘="lV _: ‘e. And gives the one who bore llt‘t‘ sccoiid plaice! She loves inc still‘ and yet. \\ erc I)c:ith to say. “ Choose nmv l\ct\vcv.-ii ',i\c.iiT" \0\l \\'t>lll'.l be her choice. God meant it to h-: so-~ it is his \\‘.i)'. Hut (2111 you vvoiitlei'. if while I rcjoicc In her content. this ilituiiglwv linrts like ;i knife. “ No longer iicCcss1ir_\' to l.t-r lifc” .\I_\' plc:Lsiii‘c Ill ltcr it-\' is i‘i!lw‘ -wccl. Your xer} gomii * Iiccziusc, for her. li \\'ithoiit the niotlic. . Be patient with nu. \\'lio nmv is yoiirs‘. To meet the loss “ithin And so. fi)l‘*_'l‘~L' inc. .ii‘c \\(‘l. 'iiH::.i-in \\'ii.cv>.\'. ii. \ Vi O l'I{ SCHOO I. I'l('Nl(‘. Our teacher said for the last day of school we might have a picnic at St. Mary’s lake. Two 0l.llt‘l' schools joined us. She said we might invite any one we wished. \Ve were to meet at the school house at nine o'clock in the morn- ing, and all the scholars go in a load together. “'6 had El wagon with cvergret-ns over the top, and seats all around the inside ofit. \Vc had a large flag at each corner, and one 011 each side. And we had a large banner with a motto and dis- trict number on it. There was a flag on each of the horses‘ bridles and harness. St. Mary’s lake is a beautiful lit- tle lake about a mile long and a half a mile wide.. It is situated two miles from Battle Creek, and is in Cal- houn county. Our parents brought our dinner when they came. We had a nice dinner, and for dessert we had ice cream, strawberries and bananas —-all we wanted. \Vc hired boats and rode on the lake all day. -IENSIE A. IIICKS, .-lg/ed 11 _i/cars. Going to the picnic? scribcr to the \'isiim:_ Bring back It sub- THE HOl'Sl‘l I.\' \\'llI(‘ll WE LIVE. MARY A. .\lA'i'(). A good inany years ago. one bright spring day, I went for a ride with my father. It was only a business trip for father. but a gala day for me. The road led us for several miles through a new countrygit was unfcn<-t-d and wound around among the trees, bringing us occasionally to the home of some new settler. It was at one of thcsc settlers! homes that my fatlier had business? A sudden turn in the road brought us to a new log house in a little clearing. \Ve \vci‘c invited to be: seated on a broad porch that ran the whole length of the house. “This is our sitting room in sum- mer,” said the man, “we have butl one room inside-, but we enjoy this E porch; the view is fine, the flowers: and shrubs look well and in a few; years we think it will be very l pleasant here.” i He excused himself by saying,'I “my wife and I were just plantingi a couple of trees, one in honor of? our wedding da.y, and one for thisl . scribe. passed and the home still stands, a model farm home, a well fonced. well tilled farm; but the best of all are the lives that have gone out from that home to bless the world. One son, now a man full of plans and purposes for a good life said, “the flowers, shrubs and trees about my father’s home have helped me more than anything else to subdue a hot temper. Fre- quently in a lit of anger would I rush out of the house, run to my tree and there fight a battle with self. ‘ Everything about me helped me; all the beautiful things im- pressed me wonderfully; all kept saying ‘look up’.” Another son said, “the way father cut a. broad, clean, straight path from our front door down to the gate through the snow was one of the best lessons I ever had in my life. As a little lad I used to stand at the window and watch him. I was as sure then, as I am now, that my father must be like that path, clean cut, straight and white.” A daugh tcr cultivated and beauti- ful in all her relations in life said, “The pictures on our walls, the patterns of curtains and carpets. the wide comfortable lounge, and especially the three lower steps of the stairs that came down into our sitting room, have made me what I am. The corner where the stairs came down was the child_ren’s corner. “'9 called it ‘glory corncr.’ Here we had our play houses, motliercd our dollics, and always when supper was over mother would come here and together we would have our sweet talks. “Here was our pulpit, stage and throne. and one sister insisted on being inarricd at the foot of the old stairs, saying it was the best place in the house. And when my house was built, though the archi- tect fro\vned_.I had my stairs brought down three steps into my sitting- rooin, and if I can only bring into that corner the sweet grace, tender love and wise council that my mother brought into ours, I shall be glad.” These farm homes are sewing places, the family’s great oppor- tunity thc world’s possibility. ‘Vs know there is much of toil, care and anxiety that must of necessity come into them, but they should be something more than a tread mill, a round of waking, eating, sleeping, working. Though all this must be done, it is not enough to make life worthy, manhood sublime, womanhood strong and sweet. We must put into these homes the glory of love, the best efforts for ourselves and our dear ones, much sacrfficc, a great deal of prayer, an always upward looking, an ever’ heavenward reaching. Our farin liomcs must be to us the best places this side of licavcii, “On earth as it is in heaven” is a high ideal; yet toere can be no lower. Battle Creek. “ S.'iiiiaiitlia" is a charmer, A CONVE.\'IEN’l‘ KI'l‘L‘HE.\'. As the average farmer’s wife is obliged to spend fully one-half of her waking hours in the kitchen it .seems to me that it ought to be one of the plcasantcst rooms in the house. and after having spent three _ years in a low. narrow, smoky,lean- to kitchen, with a half window in one end, I can fully appreciate my new one which I shall try to de- The kitchen and wood- house are built in a Wing extend- ing east and west, and front to the road. The kitchen, newly papercd painted and whitewashed, is a room fifteen feet square and nine feet in height. In the east end of the room is built a large cupboard for dishes with a row of drawers under them for kitchen towels, knives, spices, etc. Under little boy, he is two years old to-lthcse drawers are three bins for day. I am making a .liome.liere you flour, Graham and meal, and two spa, lapd I &I];l!:I.I1X1()1I:t[3 it should lic:iip(poar(ls for kitchen utensils and s an( or some nnu. am a poor 00 . man just begiiining, but I want to} The wood-box is built in the wall bring IMO this l10me H-'e.I‘yt_l1i111z I in such a way that it can be filled possibly can to make it joyous,;from the wood-house. A sink with glad and bright. Each year I want g pump in it for soft water stands to do a little more and try aiidinear a cou_vc_nient work table. The make ‘of myself a better man, and E tank containing well water is just mychil‘dren — Here he taltcrcd a :0l1tS1(Ie of the door. Six doors l1l3l(31lel.1 I want them to be 11Se,I:1]l!10peIl out of the kitchen; one leads anOne0pfi)ii1:3.'(:)lIef:‘<£pn(apl()l’ Iw;)Iili;*Ifli.be1 tbo $119 dining i'porp1,<)iiet1iz:iz—W. H. lNELSON,.___..Tennessee Csizii:s—-MRS. J. H. BRIGHAM. Delta, Ohio §piioxA—MRS E BOWEN _(‘.onnecticut_; ORA- MRS. E. ‘P. WILSON, .... _.Mississippi LADY Ass’: S'ri<:w'D—-MRS. N. B. DOUGLASS“ Sherborn, Mass. Executive Committee. LEONARD RHONE Center Hall, Pennsylvania J. J. WOODMAN.. _____ __ aw Paw, Michigan X. X. CHABTIERS .--FFOd81‘lCkSI)IlI‘g, Virginia -Committee on Woma.n’s Work in the Grange. MRS. H. H. WO0DMAN.__Paw Paw, Michigan MRS. C. ELECTA BOWEN, Woodstock. Conn. MRS. E. W. DAVIS, Santa Rosa, California Ofioers Michigan State Grange. Ovsiisni-:iz—-M. T. ( LEC’I'I_'BEB—-A. J. (‘ROSE STEWABD-—.-L P. GRAY Ass‘i' STEWARD-J. H a '(‘B.\i>LAi:v—MAR\' A. MAYO ____ ._Battle Cffeelf Ti2i«:.\sUREii4E. A. S'.l_‘ROZ\"G_._ _..\'icl-rsbnrg Si-:canr.iar—JEN.\'1E BUELL _______ _Ann Arbor GATE Ki~:i:i>Eii~—GEO. L. CARLISLE__Ka.lkaska Cl:iiEs—M.-XRY C. ALLIS ............... _.Adrian FLoiiA—l\IRS. SARAH A. ST. (‘LAIR_.Butternut POMO.\'A—MRS. A. A. LEIGHTON_ . _Old Mission L. A. STEW‘D—MRS. J.H. MARTIN Grand Rapids Executive Committee. J. G. RAMSDELL, (‘hn ......... ..Traverse City H. D. PLATI‘ . . _ . _ . , _ _ . . . . _ . . . _ . ..Yps1lanti THOS. MAR: -_.. ..Berrien (‘enter W. E. WRIGHT. . _____(3oldwater H. II. HINDS ____ .- ._..Sta.nton R H. YL . _____ __Shelby c B HoRro&' ‘""1irame llrelek ‘. . .‘, - - ,... ruit iige JENNIE BUELL. l E‘ 0fl1°‘° i .-__Ann Arbor Committee on Woman’s Work in the Grange. Mrs. Mary Sherwood Hinds ____________ __Stanton Mrs. Mar :1. Mayo . _ . . . . _ _ _ _ _ . . . ..Battle Creek Miss O. . Carpenter.__.__..._....__. Dimondale General Deputy Lecturers. MARY A. MAYO _____ __: __________ ._Battle (‘reek HON J. J. WOODMAN .._Paw Paw HON. (‘.. G. LUCE .. ._ (‘oldwater HON. PERRY MAlO._ _l§utt1e (‘reek HO\ THOS. MARS errien (‘enter JASOV VVOODM __Paw Paw A. BANK _ . _Lansing C. L. WHITNE ...... _. Jlliiskegon County Deputies. D. II. Stcliliiiis ______ _, .\l\vcr____ __._, I» li1l!"'.\' _].‘.lI!L‘S I). Stiiillcy ,,_L'niuil ('it_\‘, llriiilcli R. V. Cl;i.rl<,___ _.Biicli-.in;lli, llcrricii _]_ \\’_ Elm;-r[___ ,_,>'t. Jiilliis, Clliitoii “ l\l:'.r',' .\. .\l:i\‘o__ _B:i.ttlc Crock, Ciilli-’iliii “ ‘V111-. Clark... _,(_‘ll.lI'lL.'\t)lX. Cli.'lrlc\'ni.\ Mrs. Biiizi \\‘ilc_\ A. D. B.iiik_.. cll__ (‘li.ui.llcr, Ififllll 1. . Roi‘;-rl l)ucl§ci’_\' _ j. T, C()l1l _].iinc.< (}rc.i.~(. lli.-um liriids .i\\_ P '.'L‘(l l)t'1lll_- E. ‘.‘,', Allis r Rlipiils, .\I(’L oslu -, ‘- ]-j_ \\ illi'.iil\.~_ - l J‘ L ,l)isco, _\lilC\)|llll “ , l.:i\\'snn _ _ _ 11 (. l’:iri-.h _ liouk, -\l<>iir0c “ . RoLi<_r_er~ Cllilit, .\l\iski.-gull “ , '. Carter _Aslil:uid, Nciv-.i_\"_i;o “ Rolvcrt .\l\vrirLi lIiidsoii\'illc, (lttzuvii “ . Tiivlor _ _____ _,Slicll>_\‘, ()c:.-'.4:i.i “ D ,\Iurlil‘l__,_ \L1‘ll()ll, $lii.i\ . cc “ V. L infield __ll:ir'..'on\'ille. Szuiiliic _ . rrciicc, \':lii Hurcii _]n}l;1 E. VVilL'ox___ _____Plyiili)iitll, W:i_\'iiu “ Join: A. .\lcDoug:il __Ypsil:imi. \\".i. _ _ _ __ . c..2§°n.fi;.§"ii$l3$es. siiiizle copy. 400: iier dozen 4 Opemng Song Card. 2c each; 75c per 50: 100.. 1 Rituals, 7th edition (with combined degrees). zsceach-perdozen ----- --: --------------- -- ~ Rituals, 5th degree._set 0f D1119 ------ -- 1 Bituals, Juvenile. single copy ....... - - Rituals. J uvqn1l8- P9’ 5°‘ --------- — - Notice to delinquent menibers, per 1 .. . _ . . American Manual of Parliamentary Law.___ 9- egt of Laws and Rulinss ............... -- samB‘filii3°p'f§.xag. "" ".s.;'.;;.‘.;.a;.'i.'.;‘i;..:.‘.;.'.1;.;___-_ _ wrim for prices on sold pins badges, working pools, stafi mountings, seals, ballot boxes and any °m°ffi.?¥° '“"iil’s°§' JENNIE BUELL. '£ec‘y Ilicb. State . All Alison Ion ~1 :1 ‘£88 55338?-3§En" lcnimo RAPIDS and Indiana Railroad J ap‘y. 29, lS93.—Central Standard Time. GOING NORTH. ‘No. 1,No. 3 No. 5 No _ _ , _ P. M. A. M. P. M. A. M. Cincinnati, Lv _____________ __ 5 05 9 10 ___‘ Richmond ............ .. 2 20 10 55 11 45 ____jj P. M. A. M. Fort Wayne, Ar ....... _. 6 00 2 15 3 05 ____ __ Fort Wayne, Lv__ .. .... ._ 2 35 3 20 5 05 1salamazoo,Ar..._ __ A. M. , 6 05 6 50 11 40 Kalamazoo, Lv__. __ 4 20 ' 6 25 '7 10 12 25 Grand llui>ids,Ar ..... .. 6 45 S 10 9 00 2 20 Grand Rapids, Lv .... .. 7 20 10 10 4 15 A. . Cadillac ______________ __ 1125 2 3.‘, 5 no 9 00 P. M. Traverse City _________ H 1 35 ____ __ 7 00 ____ __ Petoskey ...... .. 9 15 ____ __ Mackinaw, AI‘ ........ -- 10 3» 1’. M. GOING SOUTH. No. zlxo. 6N0. 4 No. 3 _ . P. M. A. M. P. M. \ M Mackinaw City, Lv.____ 5 30 7 10 12 30 ____ .. Petoskey .............. -. 7 03 S 40 2 05 ____ ,_ Traverse City ______________ __ ll 00 4 30 ____ __ A. M. P. M. Cadillac ______________ __ 12 10 1 20 3 35 7 40 Grand Rapids, Ar _____ ._ 6 30 l 5 30 10 40 11 50 Grand Rapids, Lv ____ __ 7 00 l 6 00 11 20 2 00 Igalamazoo, Ar. 8 50 8 00 12 55 3 -10 8 55 S 05 ____ -_ 3 45 12 40 ll 50 A. M. 7 15 1 00 12 10 5 45 4 20 3 9 15 7 ()0 6 55 12 01 P. M. A. M. P. M. Sleeping cars for Petoskey and Mackinaw on No. 3 from Grand Rapids. NSli-eping cars, Grand Rapids to (‘-hicago, on A. O. . NS1té€Dli1g cars, Grand Rapids to Cincinnati. on o. . Nos. 1 an'llll:\_-' conic In writing meiition Tui: (iuxxus Yisrroii. SUCCESSFUL ADVERTISNG! If _\'0‘ll’\\'l>'l1 to iniiki zliui ~:;i\c iminc_\' lw « ziil\'ci'tisivig uni [lllIli_‘_‘, zinv ivlicrc. ;it ‘.ll"l\‘ tiiiic Successfully zit 1‘(‘(llI(\'|l r:i:cs,he sure to sci: (Ir writc. JOHN DAWSON & C0.. General Newspaper Agents. I 11-20 l0l.L().Vl Bl.()('Ii. Ml.'\'.\E.\I'0I.l.\‘, IIIINN. Advertisiu g The Keystone Watch Case C0. of Philadelphia, the largest watch case manufactur- ing concern in the world, is now putting upon the Jas. Boss Filled and other cases made by it, a bow (ring) which cannot be twisted or pulled off the watch. It is a sure protection against the pickpocket and the many accidents that befall watches fitted with the old-style bow, which is simply held in by friction and can be twisted ofl‘ with the fingers. It is called the and CAN ONLY BE HAD with cases bfraring their trade mark- Sold only through watch dealers, without extra charge. Ask any jeweler for pamphlet, or send to the manufacturers. College. and Station. WI-[EAT CROP OF 1892. [U. 5. Report] Countries. Bnshels *5l5,9l9,030 _ __ *29,rS90,1:29 Manitoba __________________________ __ *l4,909,420 Total North America ________ __ 560.5lS,549 Argentine Republic , *29,39l,666 Chile _____________ __ l 15,154,752 Total South America ________ M 47,5.l9_41_< Austria ............................ .. ‘£7,123,526 Hungary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *i3s.22s,6:s0 Croatia and Slavonia_ . . .. *7,98!,.2::3 Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1,550,432 Belgium .................. .. .. *20.74:<,:i62 Bulgana_ __ . *4o,75s.io3 Denmark ...... ._ _ 4,533,653 France __ .... .. - *310,037,793 Germany .... . . _ 100,057, HO Great Britain ‘ '_ an , .... _. G reece____ . Italy _____ _. Net lierlands _ Portugal_____ Roumiinia, . Russia Poland Servia Spain SW e Norway. . Switzerland ______ _ _ ‘ Turkey in Europe .................. __ 24,756,450 Total Europe ................ ._ 1,812,017,878 India ______________________________ .. *203,168,O00 Asia Minor. . Caucasus _. _ ._ Persia _-_ _ ‘ria _____ ., iipan _______________________________ _ _ Total Asia ................... .. Algeria _____________________________ .. *19,398,797 Cape Colony. ‘2.813,-I60 Egypt .... _. .. ._. 8,252,160 Tunis ______________________________ _. 3,919,776 Total Africa _________________ _ . 34,35-1,193 Australasia ......................... .. *37,(l96,‘.’.21 BECAPITULATION. Continents. Bnslziels. North America 560,548,549 South Americ 47,549.-llb 1,312,017,875 356,371,776 34,884,193 37,096,221 Grand total .................. . . 2,8-17 ,96S,035 *Oiticial, either final or preliminary. Remember that entries for the “ Saman- tha” race close sharp, August 15. WEATHER AND FARDIE R. Bro. \\'liiteliead’s Opinion. [From Report of American Association of State Weather Service] Il'ashington, D. C., Nov. 4, 18.02. Prof. l\[ARK W. HARRINGTON, Chief of the lljeafher Bm'c(m.' DEAR S1R—I have found that the efforts made during the year to extend the benefits of the Bu- reau in the rural districts are heart- ily appreciated. A general inter- est prevails amoiig the farmers to learn more of the methods of work of the weatlier bureau, and a desire to avail themselves of its advant- ages. Those who have been so favorably situated that they could promptly receive the forecasts are ‘eiitliiisiastic in their appre-cia.tion of the work and its great value in their fariiiing operations. Upon the present lines of work, and with the methods of signaling now in use, there yet remains a laige amount of uncovered terri- tory. In some sections, through con- certed action of farmers, fruit and vegetable growers, and others, the use of a caiinoii, especially for frost wariiiiigs, has proveii satisfactory. In some localities this method of sigiialiiig, if not already tested for more general use, might be at least experimentally extended. I am more and more convinced, as I go over the field and consider the whole situation, that the full benefits of the weather bureau ser- vice can never be received by the §._:reat majority of our farmers, and by the dwellers in remote villages and hamlets, until one or both of the following steps of progress are taken: » 1st-. The establishment of at least one govei-iinieiit telegrapli or telephone station in each county of the United States, and if possi- ble this central statio1i—which may very properly be the county seat- sliould be in connection by tele- phone with each local postoflice in the county. To this central station the Vllasliington, D. C., general and State local forecasts should be promptly forwarded at least twice in twenty-four hours, with provis- ion for “extras” such as “cold waves,” frosts, local storms, etc. With the prospective expiration of the general patents on the tele- phone, the instruments will be greatly cheapened, and there is scarcely a neighborhood where the farmers would not cooperate in purchasing the instruments and erecting the few miles of poles and wires needed to connect their houses directly with the local post- office, or, if need be with the cen- tral station at the county seat; not only to receive the great benefit of the prompt receipt of the weather forecasts, but for all the many other advantages which close con- tact with the markets and the events of the world of the day would afford them. ' 2d. A general and systematic ex- ;tension of rural free delivery of mails, by which the fa.i'i1iers along these country post routes could re- ecive either their daily paper con- taining the forecasts of a special farmers’ weather bulletin sent out from the nearest local weatlier bur- eau station. Or this rural I118.llC8.1'- rier might have displayed upon his wagon, horse, bicycle, or pouch, a ' 3 flag, or other signals furnished him each day at his starting point. I believe that as the great bene- " E fits farmers, who are so much de- ' pendent upon the weather for their success, can derive from the weather bureau service become better and more generally khown, that a pill)- lic sentiment and demand will be created which will eventually re- sult in one and probably both of the above suggested plans. To this end every el’r'oi't should be made to extend and perfect the present system as far as possible, every new locality reached by flags or whistles becoming the leaven that will in the near future leaveii the whole lump. Very respectfully, MORTIMER WHITEHEAD, I 12 spccior. Ever_v Grange hall in Micliigan ought to have “Sainniitlia" by August 15. OATS. [Bulletin Illinois station] The results of all the experi- ments with oats tried at this station for the last five years suggests that on the fertile soil of central easterii Illinois, with simple methods, we may expect in a series of years an avei'a_:e yield an acre of 8. little over 50 bushels of grain and about one and one-half tons of straw, the oats weighing rat-lier less than more than the staildarcl weight of 32 pounds a bushel; that it is not advisable to plow the land in the spring if the crop follows corn, the use of the disk barrow giving bet- ter results; that the seed should be sown near the last of March or first of April; that if sowii broad- cast, it is better to sow from two and one-half to three and one half bushels per acre, covering the seed not more tliun one or two inches deep; that there is no one variety greatly superior to all others. so that it is not wise to put full cre- dence in the claims often made for new varieties; that some varieties are, however, distinctly better than some others; that neither color or plumpiiess of kernels, weiglit per bushel, nor the form of the head certainly ileteniiiiies value; but that, geiiei-ally, varieties with long, isleiider, coinparatively liglit ker- iials have the smallest percentage of husk and, probably, the greatest feediiig value; t-lint early iiiatui'iiig' those i'ipeniii;: later; that it is desirable to harvest the crop before it has fully ripened; and that biiidiiig and shocking the sheaves at once is im atlvaiitage i'a.tliei' than a disadvaiitage, if the graiii is ill fit coiulitioii for cutting. A new name is one that has not had the \'isl"l‘oR this _vcur, A. D. 1893, C.-\.\'.\lGl{l-I. [Bulletin New Mexico Station] C&T1Hl§I1‘elS iiidigenious to New Mexico, some parts of Texas Ari- zoiiia and California. Other spe- cies of the same genus are abund- ant, and too well known every- where as among the most noxious and troublesome weeds of the farm and _.i,rardeii. They are known by the common iiaiiie "dock.” The 1'l111l)B.1'l) or pie plant of our gard- ens belongs also to this same faul- ily. This plant has been known as 9. valuable aquisition to the leather iiidustry but a few years, although in the western part of this tei'i'itoi'y it has been used for many years, successfully, in that line by the natives. The leather they make is exceedingly soft, impervious, and wears—~it is claim- ed—mucli better and longer than that tanned with oak or hemlock bark. Samples of it were exhibit- ed at the territorial fair last Sep- tember. The coloring matter of the root makes it 9. very dark red, varieties are to be preferred to‘ and in no way—as some aflE'irm— injures the quality of the leather. It grows throughout this valley in certain localities, it is very abund- ant on the mesas (or plains) and produces in large clusters, like sweet potatoes, single roots vary- ing in weight from two to twenty ounces. In moist places along dry streams the roots are larger and most abundant, but are said to con- tain less taniiic material. So far as analyzed, the roots, when collected at the riglit season and dried, contain about twenty- seven per cent taiinic acid—fully twice as much as oak or hemlock bark. Last spriiig a ton of one and two-year-old roots were planted on the college farm, on low land un- der the ditch and on the dry land of the mesa. The former, up to this time, have made only a few leaves and seeds, while the roots have grown large enough to be gatliered. Even some that made no leaves at all have a root growth of three to four ounces. 7 The roots planted on the mesa, above water, have not yet come up, but are growing fairly well in their darkened seclusion. lVhen the harvest of these two crops is gathered an analysis will be made, not only to test the roots growth in this region, but for the amount of tannic acid in those grown on dry soil without Water and those under irrigation. They will also be tested to decide the question whether or not it is profitable to grow them for com- mercial purposes. July is the month for you to get a sub- scribcr or two for the VISITOR. ALFALFA IN ARIZONA. Bulletin Arizona Station. On irrigated lands in Arizona, alfalfa makes such luxriant growth and possesses so many good quali- ties,_ in liardiness, permanency, feeding value, etc., that we may easily select it as one and perhaps the best of any that we know. Alfalfa is recognized as a most excellent food as hay, or to feed off by graziiig for cattle, and for growing and working horses, but like red clover 'is_ objected to by the owners of driving horses. For driving horses a sufficient hay supply is derived from the small grains cut before maturity and cured as hay. This, however, is 8. too expensive for cattle feed- ing and fed alone no better than alfalfa, if equal to it. The question that presented itself was to find something that may be fed with alfalfa that will be bet-lei‘ than alfalfa alone. Corn would fill the bill, but corn is too expensive to be used for cattle food. SEA WEEDS AS .V[ANl.'l{E. BULLETIN RIIODE ISLAND STATION. Storer says: “ Oiie advaiit-age which the sea iiiiiiiure shares with the comiiiercial fertilizers, is its entire f reedoni from seeds of weeds, the spores of fungi. and the eggs of insects. It is a coiiiparatively easy matter to keep a farm clean and in igood lieart when there is no innumerable host of weeds to over- run the land, to dissipate its moist- ure and sap its streiigtli, and to distract the farmer and hinder him from filling the land as he would like to do.” Stzorer further states: “‘Wl1atevei' seeds of weeds there may be in the stable iiiimiire will do comparatively little l18.I'1D upon the grass, where many of them will come to nothing because of the processes of clittiiig and smother- ing to which they are subjected. It is noteworthy that in the region near Portsmouth N. H., where sea- weed is the chief manure, the fariiiers often strew their stable manure upon the grass land and promote clean culture by using the sea plants, that cannot by any possibility iiitroduce weeds upon their plough-land.” The advantage of sea-weeds and commercial fer- tilizers over stable ina.iiu1'e, is of special significance iii the growing of potatoes, for from a large num- bcr of reports from practical farin- ers in various parts of the State, the evidence seems to be almost uiiaiiiinous that the former produce smoother, i. e., less scabby and better appearing potatoes than the latter. Good Grange work in addition to other things, means intelligent efforts for self cultivation.——Onr Grange Iiomes. Nofices of’ Meetings. sr. JO. i>ouo.\1-3.. St. lo. County Pomona No. 7. will hold its regular inceting ist ’l‘hursday in Au- gust at Centerville Grange hall. MR5. l-I1=..\‘Rv COOK, Sr.'r<'lu1;t'. MONTCALM GR A.\’(x‘E. Montcalm Grange No. 318, held an in- teresting session at their hall, july 1. Al- though biit few in numbers every one seemed very energetic in making the ineet— ing a success. \\’e had some members with us who had recently returned from the VVorld‘s Fair, and who gave some very good descriptions of the grounds‘, buildings, walks, elevated roads and ice roads, glass weaving, big trees. etc. \\'e also had a good report from our County Grange, which was held at Douglas,on june 29, from the VVorth_v Secretary of Pomon.'i, Bro. B. B. Crawford. VVe are very much elated with the pros- pect of an address‘ from the lion. :\lUl'lilllL‘l‘ VVhitehead, at a county picnic some time in the near future. The subject of post- poning otir ineetings until after lli‘.l’\'€.‘ wee-(ls; D . C THE GRANGE VISITOR. In the north- has been less Apples in the southern Counties now promise about one-third,'in the central two- fifths, and in the northern, two-thirds of an average crop. Since June 1, this crop has declined £2 per cent in the southern and central cotinties, and 16 per cent in the northern counties. Peaches promise in the southern counties and the state, 82 per cent of an average crop. The figures for the central counties are 87, and for the northern, 74. oi1.\' \V. _]oci1i.\i, Sc(r'rI:zI'_V qf Stir/«'. THE l\IAGAZl.VE 0]" THE FL"l'URI‘l. The July Cucnzojboli/an will mark the most radical step ever taken in periodical literature. VVith that issue the magazine, unchanged in form, in fact one of the best numbers of The Cu.mopol:'/an ever issued, will be put on sale at lrcrlzienrzd orze-/nzgf'rm:t.< (.‘I' (‘(1./7V|‘—$I._$'0 ll year. The cutting in half of a price zilrcadv deemed low for an illustrated magazine is the result of an in- tention long since -formed, to give to the public an illustrated monthly of the very highest class at such a price as must bring it within the reach of all persons of intel- lectual tastes, however limited their in comes. There are more than ten million readers in the United States and less than eight hundred thousand iiiagaziiies are printed to suppl_v their demands. .\Iore than fotir years have been spent in rc;tcli— ing the organi7.ation necessai'_v for the pro- duction of 7711* Cmnznjm/z'/(1)1 at this price, a figure hitherto iindreamed of by the read- ing world. Each department of the work has been slowly perfected, until with the _lanuar_v number this year one liundred and lifty tlioiisand copies of the iiiziga’/.i1ie were prepared upon presses and niachinery of the most improved form, built with a view to produciiig the linest restilts at the very inininium of expense-—tlie only es'tablis'li- ment in the world, it is believed, devoted exclusively to the printing of an illustriited monthly magazine. To establish :1 maga- giue tipon such a basis‘ at the outset wzis impossible. Only the rapid growth of '/'//c‘ Cos//It1/in/i/mI‘s editions, almost unpreced- .. Diamond Crystal ~ Salt ~ SCOIG This 22 For other information, address HAS won another well merited victory. At th The best butter in the show was salted with Diamond Crystal Salt. The best, butter made from separator cream was salted with Diamond Crystal Salt. The best butter made from gathered cream was salted with Dliiinond Crystal Salt. Butter Crystal Salt. solvesjust right, and is never found tin- dissolved in butter. duce the same result, hence is cheaper. BUTTER SAI.T—Pac1;ed in 2530 lb. bbls.—— TABLE SALT——In 3 lb. box——2%, 5 and 10 lb. bags, also in 320 lb. bbls. Can be obtained from jobbers and dealers in the United States and Canada. DIAMOND CRYSTAL SALT CO.’ DITBUQUE CONVENTION which made the highest average in each class was salted with Diamond Salt is flaky, has a coarse grain. dis- It takes less to pro- 4 1bs.—56 lb. and 14 lb. bags. St. Clair, Michigan. Building, a tliotiszind feet in length, and with :1 central pavilion, under the glass dome of which is grouped the finest known collection of bainboos, tree—ferns and palms. .‘i0l‘ll]\H1T(l, and still nearer to the train, is the \\'oiiian's building, a chaste and noble structure, first of all to be completed, and the arcliitect, ai'tisl.s‘ and decorators of which were all women. It will be filled wttli the fruits of the genius, skill and labor of the women of all nations, ‘ ’ CTi‘ossi1i}.: ll1.: .\lidw21y I’laisance, which connects‘ Jackson Park on the east with \\':ishin_«_{ton Park on the west, and in which are located 21 section of l’aris’, a. street of Cairo, Irish, Geriiizin. .‘\ll.\’ll'i21ll and Turkish villages, ii Dutch East lndiiiii set- tleincnt, ice, sliding and spiral elcctbic rail- \\’2L_\'.\', and numerous otlicr iiitercstiiig feat- ures, of sonic of which the traveler may geta gliinpse as he daslics by. On the, i‘iglit, grouped at the north end of _lacks'un Park, are the varioiis State and l“oi‘eii_,_tn buildings of di\'ei‘.sitied architcctiire and representing an expenditure of millions of dollars. No passiiig glimpse of the \Voi'ldls‘ Fail‘, however, nor the most clctailed and glow- ing dcscriptioii that can be penned. can give any idea of its ~iirp.'is:siii;_-' size and extent, ented in iiizigaziuc records, hzis produced the conditions which make this departure from estzihlislied prices possible. '1'///- (Vi-‘- mt2_/to/i/mi promises to make the year 1893 the inost brilliant in its liistory. No other vciir has seen such an array of tlistiiigiiislit-ll naines as will appear on its title page dur- ing 1893. De ;\l2uipass;i1it, .\l:trl\ Twain, Georg lfhers, Valdez, Spiclltiigeii, l“raiii'ois' Coppee, Flaiiiinarioii, and Paul lleysc, are some of the iiutliors whose works will zip- pear for the iirst time diii'iii_; the _\'€11'.'l‘il the pitgnis of T//4 (‘«>.v2im/in/1'/ti/1. .\iiioii}_-' the ztrtists whose work will decorate its pages for the lirst time during 1393 are l-:iiircns'. Toussziini, Vierge. Roclie_;ros's'c and .\'chw;ihe. Willixim Dean llowells will be :1 !‘t‘:_;lllIll‘ contribtitor during 1893-9,1. .\ fezttureol the July number will be triple t'roiiti.s'pieces by Rocliegrosse and Guilloti- net. K1.\:i> O1.i) .L..-\lIi'‘'; ‘‘ \\'li:it are yoti crv— ing th:it way for, little liov?" Little Boy: ‘* 'Czttise it‘s the only way I know how to ci'_v.~-l.{/r. " My dear youtig irieiid," excliiiincd the good nian soleiiinly, “ do you attend cliurcli regiiliirly P" day. Slick visitiii friends out of town, you know.” ‘1".\‘:!.\‘ Sf/[z';z_4'_»', - voii goiii: inv pri-tt_\' iii.iiil ' ‘Cltcre II “I iiiii goii _ 1 iiiillttiig, sir,“ she sziiil. “Alny I go .' ‘ i 7’ “ The (‘()‘.‘. will hook sti‘.iii;c c;ii\ cs," G/1-i¢':;'i/2. It strikes the observer as rather pcciiliai men so ii0isy.—-.'Vr:i' Jim!’/D l’rr‘.~‘.»‘. asked the traveler: plv: “A inortgage."~-ll'¢z_vfli/1;:/011 N/Ni’. A GLIMPSE AT THE FAIR. are grzidually elevated until, from it point “ Yes, sir; but I didn't go to ‘~})ixot1 savs their cook is an 2Lii;,el." “ is it lieciitise she keeps dinner tiiitil he cr)iiies3" “No; she liglited the tire with coal oil. poor tliiiigf’----/.1"!//e .”mI'(."/'1'I«‘_.;»'/‘t>// “ \Vli:it are you tryiiig to raise licre?" And the fzirincr looked tip from his work just long enough to re- _ _ \\'0RLl)’S The passengei‘ entering Chicago from the east by any of the i\llL‘Hl(j.\.\‘ Cl~Z.\"l‘R.\l. trains will observe, after passing l\’eiisiiig- ton and Grand Crossing, that the tracks the solendid llill‘lll0il\’ of its de.si«rn, or of . . j . . ‘ P‘ . ; its rich iirtistic sciilptiirc and decorative lfeiiturcs. Ntitliiiig but freqtieiit visits iind ‘careful observiition can do it. llut while i - - I l, every passiiig II':l\'L‘lCl‘ will siirci_v resolve upon this, he will also surely be thankful ltlizit lieis joiirncyiiig upon the I\l1('iiit;_.\.\' lCl:.\"l‘I:,\L. the onlv l‘:1l~'lt"l".l line that 'rives 7 . ' - E‘ . l liiin sucli ii p'.1.s's1iig view, or that takes liiiii Favorite Lilies to me Siiiiniter Resorts or N01'tl1ern Micliigan T RAV l“.l{.\‘T‘I C [T Y ELK RAPIDS CHARLl<]\'0l.\' PE’I‘0SKHY BAY \'lE\V .\l.—\(‘K[.\'A(.l ISLAND 'l‘l{A\'ERSE BAY RESORTS CHICAGO and WEST MICHIGAN RAILWAY DETROIT LANSING iiiiil l,dircctly by and in full view of Ni;igzii':t Falls, ‘ilii: gre.'itii:iltii';il wonder of the world, Tu- Gnancieiiiitirn East; Pntroiis Will Find Tlle‘~'I' l‘ii'ms liclialvle and <‘:iii <-‘er >‘pci~inl l’rivi\s' Fririii Tlieni. fiiiimtctirfs co}, Fai'iiiers" Wliolesiile Siipply lloiise, I38 and 70 “':il);1.s‘h .\\'o*.. (.‘hi:~ag'o. .\‘;i\t> iiioiicv mi c\'ei'_vtliiiij,'. .\iL‘l‘.tl -ix \‘t,'7‘.l:s for full The Rinitli lniplniiieiit A l’ *3‘ ('o.. 22 and 24 East Iiil St. (‘i1icinr.:iti. U. iizis a contract with tiritzitze of Ohio and lndi:in:1to snppl_v their state and fnrnisli gooils at ivlioleszile rates when the order coiiics iind r the seal of the (frramze. We extciul the saute invitation to the (4 rziiignof .\licli- igiin. Write for catiilir: anzl prices‘. A. R. lll(‘KS A (0., l’.\L.VI\ R.\, N. I . are the ollicial fiiriiisliors oi‘ bzulges. working tools. seals, staff nioiintiiitzs. and all supplies. lllustrateil c.'it2ilo,i.r on applicatioii. Send orders to .lPllllli‘lil1I*ll. SH‘l'(‘*i‘:lI‘_\‘, Ann Arlu-r, or lllfr.-Cl’ to r':ilin_vra. N. Y P] A N O S Special iiidiicr-iiients all tho time ,‘\.,, 5P_lltl for ii2ll1\l0,‘,"llt‘§‘. etc. Direct \\ i-aver (H'j."‘ ivlio "Hlll\‘lll!ll.lll' lVllIl(ll!l‘_1. \\'iilc for price lists. ‘.~’(‘l'l(’-a ll:l\L' ‘_{L‘ of Ohio 'l‘|i.-i HnIie-_v ( I‘l‘(-‘k ( _ lK‘L'll\ll1llCl‘t't\li[l‘l|kL with l‘lL' S for mcr tcii \c:1 , and li:1\c ilc.‘ <- liidi:iii.i:1iid .\lit‘lii:';iii iilsn, Spt-4'i.il pr'i‘i-s s . ziiixiinc iiiidt-r sc:il of the ii|';lll‘_[\‘, (il\\' its ll trial. “'1' can siivc you iimiiey. .‘.ildi'css' Is:«r.u- l~'rvvni:ni «E Son, lit-x. Ohio. AJAX ADYNTMAITE l FOR STUMP BLASTDVG. We are bound to introduce our AJAX in your and injiirioiis insects. Above all, after liaving a crop sta.rt.cil at co11- - side-rable expense, do not let it. be it coinplete failure for the want of a little care at the proper time. Use better jiidgineiit in l’)l1yi1]§_,"i and selling. Do not }.:o in for al thing all over becaiise it briiigs it‘: high price. E.\'peric11ced stockl, buyers will tell you ilt,‘\'f..‘l‘ to beginl buying stock while prices are boon1- ing. but 1'3tl1€1' ‘V1190 p1'lk‘€‘S are 3T: reported marketed by farmers in _lune is the bottom notchl’ The l'1l)f_f never: 751.001. lifted a nio1‘tga_ge for the farmer. that goes In for hogs only when i busliels less than reported iirtrketed in the hogs are high. The hot: does his best for those only who are his friends in adversity. And do not quit a. business while prices are low. That is the very worst time to dispose of anything. Every farmer should raise enough side products to carry him through a failure or depression in prices of the main crops. He may raise po- tatoes, squash, buckweat. small fruits, apples, roots and the like. I believe that two or three acres of orchard may be made a source of substantial profit if rightly treatcil. Always aim to have a variety of products to sell, because some are as certain to be high as others are to be low, and by selling those that bring a good price to pay current expenses we may be l as shown by the returns of the supervisors siibject to rcvisioii, The area in whe-:it in Nlicliigan this year, to this otllce. i.-2 1578,25: aci-es. .\lultiplyiiig the acres in each coiiiitv bv the estiiiiiitcd yield per acre in the éanfe county and footing the products, gives :0,- Sg_-',,37.t bushels as the probable total yield in the state. This is an average per acre of 13.09 bushels iii the soutliern counties, 14.18 bushels in the central counties, and 12.63 bushels in the northern counties. The averaf_re for the state is 13.24 bushels, The total number of bushels of wheat I The total number of bushels re- iported marketed in the eleven months, An- '. Florentine Cathedral.” In front of it stands l f,mm_,\ “_,m the magnificent bronze fountain by Mac— ,g,,,,,,,,1,i,.,,_,$ locality, and to do so will sell CHEAP. Goods guaranteed. No better sold. Try us on prices. Ajax Dynamite Works, iiive been theic, and further inform:i- ter of the great court, UPOn which frontthe B0‘ “S5: 5"!-'l‘““"s 15- 5» -‘“*‘1‘~ For maps, piiniplilcts, trstiiiioiiiitls of .\li(‘lllf_{1lll ‘ and NORTHERN RAILROAD The \\'est Micliigiiri now in ope"ati(in to Bay View. is the ONLY ALL RAIL LINE T0 CHARLEVDIX Throtigh sleeping and parlor car ser- vice from Chicago, Detroit, Lansing: and Grand Rapids to Petosltey and Bay Viezv during the summer months. THE SCENIC LINE Over forty miles of beautiful lake and river views north of Traverse City. Send a stiiiiip for new Siniiiiier Book. TRY IT \\’lll'..\' lul‘ (40 Tlllllll Tins .\'l'_llllF.ll Fi:.i.\'i.' TO\\'.\‘.s‘F..\'D, Gnu. Di-:H.A.vi:.\’. Ageiit. Lansng. Gen'l Pass"r Agt., Grand Rapitls. AGENTS WANTED In (‘\'(‘l')' (irl‘2lll;..','(‘ tlii-oiiglioiit tho l'nitcil States. \Vrit4- at once for full |nn'ticIil:ii'.s'. ;\li(ll'(‘.~'S FR-.-\TT‘lR-NITY FINE A “T (0., l’. O, Box 137.2. l§(').\"l‘O.\I, .\i;1ss. ',’%"‘lii reply to this .idv. IllL‘llll('ll this‘ paper, STAHL’S 1 EXCELSIOB gi_i;ii_tniiiEii Evaporates Fruit DAY } and NIGHT. Catalogue free upon application. ' Address i WILLIAM STAEI. EVAPORATOR COMPY. QUINCY, ILL Monnies‘, facing the great basin in the cen- l, A. R. (3()I)I~.‘, G:-n'l .-\;:t.. l l Agricultural building and l\Iacliinerv Hall on the south, and the palaces of Miiies and i F‘ Mining, Electricity, and of l\Ianii(acturcs'l *2‘ and the Liberal Arts on the north. Thel < domes and towers of these buildings may be seen in the distance, and particiilarly the grcrt arched roof of the last iiaincd building, the largest in the world. It cov- ers an area of more than thirty acres-—--three times that of the largest building of thel ARE YOU COMING-‘ TO THE WOR-LD’S FAIR‘! THEN WRITE US the grounds, the Transportation building is I ant. tion building. It covers, with its annexes, i in to Fail. entrances in 10 to 20 minute fourteen and a half acres of ground, and its 1 rigs Prices moderate . massive arched doorway,elaborateI_v decor- ,' ' ated and known as the “ Golden Portal," is one of the most striking external features of the Exposition. SARAH J. BLOFNT. _ .\lemhe1- Union (Grange 368, this year, are in the southern and central Next to the left is the Horticultural Address 287 E. 41st St., Chicago, Ill. Party of West Pennsylvania; on way to Fair, wants personally to make ar- rangements for supply of ' GRADE MERINO EWES [N CAR. LOAD LOTS. . _, ,, Wehavefrt--l s fit 1 great Pam ExP°5“‘°“ °f $59" I second floor: oi alEirilc(l{0nir:ii)ilienlc:' ‘grits As the train approaches more closely to l, block f,,0m'cable Cars _,m’d good ,.es’ta,,,._ , , Within easy distance of Illinois clearly seen tothe left of the Aclministra- Central and elevated railwsfi an ,ead_ ’ 5 CHARLES REYNDERS, Address at once, YONKERS, “'estchest.e1- Co., N. Y. “'“'NE ’“°“- rnnssns or nonnnr sxrrn a: co.‘ LANSING, KICK. .—u a. A-.ag-m A.-- ii‘ __;¢, 43;. ‘“~ ‘A -ér .v~ $:>sqk-