MUTILATED “THE FARJIIER I OF JIIORE CONSEQUENCE THAN THE FARJII AND SHOULD BE FIRST I’lIPR0l'ED ” VOL. XIX, N0. 13. LANSING, MICHIGAN, JULY 5, 1894. WHOLE N0. 445. ST.-\'l‘E DEP.-IRTDIENTS. Brief Descriptioii of the Work in Several Departments of the State Goverimieiit. _ [\\'c invite our l'L‘31lL.'l’S to zisk any qiiestimis they min,‘ wish in regard to the dctziilsof work, conduct, or expense of any depuriincnt_\\'liicli we have :lll‘(:1|(l_V (lC.\CrilN:d in this series of articles. \\ e shiill he gluil to reply to the best of our iibilitv, through the \'isi'roi<,] ' State Library. The state library is primarily for the use of those who have to do with public questions. Hence there has been collected a law li- brary that is said to rank fourth in our country. The lines of political science, social science, and finance are especially strong, as are also those of other problems that keep confronting our people, as tem- perance, labor, etc. The library is com- plete in the matter of the various reports from other states, and has recently begun foreign exchanges, having received a full set of South Australia statute laws, and also a series of their parliamentary reports. The library number about 75,000 volumes, 10,000 of which have been added during the last two years. The library is open to all citizens of the state, but books can not be drawn. It is possible that a circulating system, similar to one now in use in New York, will be established in the near future. Four thousand dollars a year is appropriated by the legislature for the pur- chase of books. EXPENSES. Salaries are: Librarian ________________________________ _ . Assistant librarian. _ __ _ .. Clerk in law library._ General expenses 1893: usneiai '..11-.-uni...-\___, ._ , ___ Printing. .. . ' “*9 . Blndlng _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ,_ ;..” 13 Stationery .............................. -- 139 '73 Total _________________________________ _.$l,7~l7 31 This would make the entire expense of 5. the library about $10,000 per year, includ- ing amount expended for books. Military Department. Nominally the governor is head of the military system of the state. But the active ' head is the adjutant general, who has an office in Lansing. This office promulgates all military orders. The clerical work of the office consists largely in keeping rec-‘ ords of the state militia, of which there are five regiments now in service, including about 3,000 men. The quartermaster general has charge of all military property, and is disbursing officer of military funds. He has an assist- ant who keeps the oflice in Lansing. The inspector general has charge of the mus- tering and instruction of the troops and inspects them during the year. He can disband any company under order from the commander-in-chief. The military board consists of the in- spector general as ex oflicio member, and of two other members appointed by the governor, and is advisory to him. It audits all military bills. . _ The name of the state troops is now “Michigan National Guard.” They are made up of volunteers who must be between 18 and 45 years of age, and who enlist for three years. Officers of the troops are elected by the organizations, company otfi- cers by the company, and so on. A five days’ encampment is held each year. EXPENSES. master general’s report for 18912. (‘jerks in Office Qf arljiitant General _ , _ _ . . . . . . . . .. Clerks in nflice of r1l'1a1'CeI‘IIlaStPI‘ general, __ Pay of arinorv:r...--..-----_-; — ~ Per diam and mileage of military board _ _ _ _ _ _ , _ __ Miscellaneous expenses at the :lsp’t li'dr1iiarters Rent of ar,nr,;-ieg fur conipanies. , , , , . ., . ... . .. Other expanses at brigade, regimental, and com- pany liea1.')lliI!.\+*::: ........_....-.-- ---—— 2.97071» ~ .,. _ .56 3>.:4l7 iv’; 1 zimuio U1 5 ; V of lime, ashes, or any other substance inju- islature to four cents per capita, and at L present writing the tax amounts to about $82,000 per year. The number of compan- ies was increased by the same legislature. At present there are seven clerks in the adjutant’s office, most of them working on- ' a re-compilation of records of Michigan soldiers in the civil war, ordered by the legislature of_ 1889. This costs $4,000 a year, appropriated by the legislature, and: is work additional to the routine ofice work mentioned above. Eiigiueerfls l)e'pai-tnieiit. The engineer and superintendent of the capitol building and grounds is an em»! ploye of the board of auditors. In general his duties are to care for the heating, lighting, water supply, and sani tation of the capitol. He has charge 0:3 thecapitol police, and of the laborers and janitors. Besides himself and assistant‘ there are about 40 of such employes. The engineer receives $1,600 a year, his assist-l ant .".f75 a month, 2 day watchman $2 a day, 2 night watchmen $52.25 a day, abouts‘ 20 _janitors $50 a month. Laborers get $1.00 a day. Each department has a jania tor, who acts also as mail and general mes-5.; senger for that department. The expenses” of this department for 1893 were $47,884.87. and after inspection of the salt therein, with the name of the inspector. This work has been in operation since 1869; and over sixty million barrels of_salt have been inspected in that time. .3,-314,485 barrels were in- 1893. The inspector of salt gets $1,500 a year and expenses. -tlie total expenses for salt inspection were deputy salt inspectors. A duty of three .-mills per barrel is levied on all salt inspected. This yielded last year 310,. 5:13-45, ‘l11_1S paying the cost of the inspec- tion and $1,137.36 to turn into the state treasury. ~ Live Stock Sanitary Comniissioii. This commission was established in 1885, and consists of three members, who must be stock_men,_appointed by the governor, and serving six years. In general the duty of the commission is to protect the stock of the state against contagious diseases, and ample powers are given for the enforce- ment of the live stock sanitary laws. When _a case occurs that is suspected to be contagious, complaint is made to any member of the commission. The comniis- sion, or some member of it, at once pro- ceeds to the place and makes careful exam- This_includes pay roll of the employee}? _ mentioned above, coal, wood, gas, _ _ water,"-_» electric lights, telephone rents, repaimfg furniture, sewage. Coiiimissioner of Mineral Statistics. This officer is appointed by the governor.‘ i and his chief duties are to collect statistics. of production of the mines of the stat; with the “progress and development offi». mining and smelting industries’: /' 3}- ” ‘ '~'° .9"e~>lon'ical 8111"”-"%~;as-a'1‘-4 gr,‘ essary nu carry O"Ci‘B the ‘c.UOV‘.‘Z u.,u(f .o\: H ‘ I especial facts of interest in mining. also collects, examines, and classifies each 1 year specimens of copper, iron, and otlpifk These are at the disposal of the sta i 3 The compensation of the commissioner is $2,500, which includes all his expenses, together with the cost of printing 1,000 copies of his report. State Oil Inspector. With his deputies this officer supervises the inspection of all illuminating oils used in the state, and sees that no oil is used that will flash at 120 degrees or less Faliren- heit. They also inspect all oils used on passenger cars. Oil on railroads must stand 300 degrees Fahrenheit. Salary of state inspector is $1,500 and traveling expenses, and prosecutions incur- red in the discharge of his duties. The “oil twenty-two deputies. Deputies receive a salary in proportion to number of barrels inspected, but no deputy receives more than seventy-five dollars per month. Deputies are also entitled to traveling ex- peiises. One-fifth of one per cent for each gallon inspected is collected from oil com- panies, which not only makes this bureau self-supporting but a source of revenue to the state. Deputies make monthly reports to state inspector and board of state auditors, of .- all inspections made during month, Where made, and fees collected. Fees are for- " examination. ination. Tf contagious they can order the animal killed. The owner will receive some compensation, based on_ what the animal may be worth at the time of the _ The commission can quar- antine when necessary and can call on sherifls to enforce orders. The chief 3-contagious diseases that now infest the ‘live stock of the state are glanders in -horses and parasites, as tape worm, in sheep. Each member of the commission receives ~ $3 1. d&}’_af._1J_§l expenses while on duty. , - .- , _.. -...,,_‘_, / The state veterinarian is appointe«f‘b3§_s;'g..-gfe ‘ass;-gs. “the governor for two years, and recmiaas .,. $5 a day and expenses while cmploylrd by the state. He is subject to the order of the live stock commission, and usually makes all examinations of diseases re- ported. EXPENSES. For the year ending June 30, 1893, the cost of the commission, including state veterinarian, was $2,506.19. Game and Fish Warden. This officer is appointed by the governor for four years, and receives $1,200 a year. As his name implies, he endeavors to en- force the game and fish laws of the state. He is aided by county deputies, who re- ceive their pay from their counties. As reports of violations are received they are filed and all the particulars entered upon appropriate record books. The mat- ter is then taken up by correspondence and the warden endeavors to ascertain all of the particulars in the case. In a great many instances, after considerable corre- spondence it is found that there is no evi- dence to warrant a prosecution, even if there is no question as to a violation hav- ing been committed. When sufiic_iei_it evi- dence can be secured prosecution is imme- diately begun, either by the state warden or under his direction. During 1892 there were one hundred and twenty-four persons convicted of violations who paid fines amounting to $1,147. Nineteen persons tried were acquitted. EX PENSES. EX1’EI\'SE.\'. Expenses for year 1893: Expenses of 21 deputie:-'. ..........--------- ---- - Salary of State Inspector. .,.- . Expenses of Stzite Inspector _ Postage and stationery . _ _ _ _ . Express. etc. 7 Total ,___.._._... ----.--- ------- —-- I*‘ces collected from 19, - , barrels lI1S[)8ClCt’’r. POULTRY DEP’T. Why not? It is one of the leading in- dustries of the land. More money is used in the handling of poultry and eggs than in either the great staples, wheat or cotton. When such is a fact is it not high time it be given a place at our agricultural college, where those who go out from it year after year are expected to be able to make a suc- cess at all branches of agriculture? We think most certainly, and believe that such is the universal verdict. There not being a house nor even an old hen to commence with, the first year will be well taken up in preparing for future work. However, we can do some- thing. The first thing was to get a build- ing and yards suitable for experiment work. Such we have, though not built ex- actly in accord with poultry science, yet in practice they are all right. We shall raise our own chicks, both by incubators and the hen. A test of the dif- ferent breeds will soon be made as to their good and bad qualities for market and the egg basket. The first experiments will be in fattening and caponizing. And any oth- er matter that from time to time may pre- sent itself will receive especial attention. Almost every one knows something about the hen, that she eats, always; and some- times lays eggs. But how few compara- tively can tell you which are the best breeds for market or for eggs; or what is the best feed to produce fat or eggs; and much less what to do when disease gets among their feathered pets! To give a fuller knowledge of the above is the Object of the depart- ment. If any of the readers of the VISITOR are interested in poultry, and you all ought to be, let us see you when at the college, or or if you can’t come let us hear from you; your experience may help where we fail. From time to time, as occasion may re- quire it. we shall issue bulletins telling fully of our work. Agriczzltzzrtzl College’. .-VIICIIIG.-XX FRUIT. R. M. KELLOGG. It has been many years since the general prospects for Michigan fruit growers were as bright as the present season. In a few sections of the state the lat«‘ -frosts did serious injury to peaches and small fruits, but this area is small. At the rec_e‘it meeting of the West Michigar =fru_.it9'r‘ “rs at Mushet-w*:** ",‘-"fi),‘r_‘i_V _*'l‘j: Wllflle (’(’?‘5i . representatnr ' 10 E, Wfi;-F‘? f"v:‘§",'l‘,;‘_’ from Grand Traverse to SCKIU HM“ biamj reports were especially en-ton agingifli-“I Some injury has been done by insects, and especially the canker worm, but spray- ing is becoming quite general. Those who will take this precaution not only have a sure crop but one of the fiuest in quality. It is strange how indifferent many large Orchardists are on this subject. In the vicinity of Grand Rapids. where it has been discussed for several’ years, may be seen fine large orchards brown and dead so far as this and the next two succeeding crops are concerned. It is doubtful if five years of good treatment will repair the damage caused by defoliation at the pres- ent time of the year. been prevented at an expense of a few cents per tree. To allow this canker worm pest to breed unmolested and be scattered over adjoining orchards must be regarded as a crime against the community, and the various horticultural societies will urge the coming legislature to pass laws making the negligence a misdemeanor and giving the peach yellows and black knot commissioner nuisance. The West Michigan society took strong grounds by resolution on the subject. The apple and peach crops are especially promising, and as now looking cannot fail . to bring a flood of money into Michigan. The crop of southern Illinois and the west, failure, and large quantities will be import- cy, to say nothing of the great Chicago market and the northwest. Practically, Michigan has the peach trade in her own uation. Early in the season the apple crop was reported exceedingly promising in every state, but later cold rains set in and their trees were attacked by fungi and scab. The ‘ foliage was badly injured, and “ dropping badly” is now the cry from the east and west. The growers of small fruits of all kinds are reaping a harvest. The failure of the strawberry crop in the south and south- west prevented the flooding of the country with early berries, only enough arriving to whet the appetite for the home crop, and prices have ruled almost double those re- ceived for the crop of last year. With the settled conviction hanging over All this could have 3 j operation. _ as well as the south and east, is reported a Increased sufficlent to Supply thoroughbred ed from Michigan to make up the deficiem , cost of $800 or $900, then the income from ' dred as compared with other feeds. T-HE GRANGE VISITOR. the people that we can no longer compete with the great northwest in grain growing, reinforced as it is by enormous exports into Europe from India, Argentine Republic, Africa, and Russia, we may with strong reasons for success adopt the potato, fruits, and vegetables for the money crop of the future. Scarcely a grocery or vegetable store can be found in the south and _west during the winter months without a shingle Out, “ Fine Michigan potatoes ;” and every day new markets are surrendering to us and our fame in this line is spreading be- yond national lines. The potato acreage this season is fully double that of last year, and yet I have no doubt the demand will be equal to the supply. Imzia. PROFITS IN DAIRYING. JAS. N. MCBRIDE. Transition periods are always the times that are critical, and perhaps more so in farming than in any other business, since the procedures in farming are more closely followed year after year and generation after generation than in almost any other industrial pursuit. At present farmers are casting about for something that will pay better than wheat, sheep, or beef, which have been the standby products in the past. These are the times in the affairs of men which taken at the flood lead to success, and those who refuse to recognize the con- ditions and to make the changes must not complain. Dairying in Michigan is one of the industries which offers a partial solu- tion. I say partial for the reason that not perhaps more than ten per cent of the farm- ers can accommodate themselves to this industry profitably. Nor would it be de- sirable for every farmer to engage in this pursuit. The average farm that contains 160 acres may be taken as a standard for comparing the possible profits of dairying. These figures have been carefully gathered from actual experience, and can be taken as a reasonably safe guide to the farmer who has the above amount of land, and is considering the desirability of a change from grain farming to dairying. The farm and barns are assumed to be on the place. Now to stock the farm and manage a private dairy would cost: TO STOCKING I’.~\R'.\I FOR I).-\IRY, DR. 30 grade jersey cows and thoroughbred bull $1,400 If it is deemed best to manufacture the cost, together with extras, £xl\=.')1Jlt, enough L, ‘I{|;‘-,‘1»-g\\‘¢‘4- can be reckoned as iollows: From 30 cows, 300 lbs. of butter per cow, 22 Cents per pound _____________________ -_ $i,98o Calves raised and vealed ________________ __ no Skiiiimilk fed to swine _________________ __ 200 $2.300 From this income there can be taken the interest on the investment, $120, and the actual cost of keeping cows per year at $25 per head, $750; labor, two men, at $215 per , year, 3430; making the net income per an- ; num the difference between these expense items and the gross income, leaving the balance of $1,000 as profit. Of course these , items are subject to variations. For exam- ; pl_e the figure as to price of butter is low if winter dairying is followed. Again if the i price of keeping the cows at $25 per year is high, an increase of cost of keeping will increase the total output of butter. The ‘ average 160 acres of land requires the . labor of at least two men anyway, and the 3 time that men are not engaged in caring for the cows they are employed on the farm at work that is not always necessary or in- _ .'d tltthd", 'h ' authority to enter premises and abate the 9 C1 en a 0 e any yet In t e mtatlon of crops necessary to farming. Again in farm- ing we are not apt to charge the item of loss of fertility for growing grain crops; i while in dairying the manure may be a fair offset for incidentals neglected to" be charged in the expenses of plant or in its Again if the cost of plant be cattle of the Jersey breed, at an additional stock raised will be increased, making the item from this source something over $300 (the price the heifer calves would bring at ' t k ' f th' ' ‘ hands for this year, and present indications ~ W0 Wee 8), a gam 0 some mg hke 33 are that the apple crop is in the same sit- . per cent on the additional investment. In writing this article reference is made to the Jersey breed because we have used them, , and because they are the butter breed par excellence. The item of skimmilk for swine or calves may be open to criticism, but a sensible dairyman cannot afford to be with- out a herd of swine to take care of this - refuse, which can be figured much higher than I have given it if Prof. Stewart’s feed- ing tables be taken as the standard. He reckons skimmilk worth 23 cents per hun- The average cow would certainly give 100 pounds per week of skim milk, which with the herd of thirty animals would represent an income from that source of over $300 per annum. The ‘cost of maintaining cows can be reduced by the use of silage and soiling crops. The item of labor can not be well reduced, and there should possibly be added an item of cost for superintend- ence, but that is an item that is so often measured or run together with the return of the owner who figures his profits as pay for his time as well as profits on investment, that the item is left as one of profits, but with it there is the inclusion above noted. However in the case of a farmer with sons who are not yet old enough to assume busi- ness responsibilities of their own, it be- comes necessary that the father should make provision for their profitable employ- ment. In this way the item of labor may be largely wiped out, or rather made to appear in another form. If I have succeeded in helping to show a profitable method to any of the farmers in this state in this period of transition, I am fully satisfied. I know what has been accomplished upon our own farm, and if any of the items here are obscure or not fully elucidated, I shall be glad to consider the subject further, or go into details as to management. Burton. SIIROPSIIIRES FOR THE GENERAL ’ FARMER. GEO. E. BRECK. I. It is an acknowledged fact that these sheep stand today ._the favorites of the English mutton breeds of the American sheep breeders. Their popularity in Eng- land, where each year at their Royal Show the number of Shropshires has exceeded all other sheep combined, has followed -them here. They have been more largely imported than any other breed, and at the present time among people who are well informed in regard to sheep the Shropshires stand as a model. Anything with a black face is generally called a Shropshire, but among the best breeders and judges these sheep have always held a commanding po- sition. Some of the causes for this popularity I must state: They cross upon our ordinary sheep, giving an even, desirable lamb crop; they seem to “ nick” better than any other breed, both in length and quality of wool; and they are well calculated for cross breed- ing with the common sheep of our state. When crossed to some of the long wool breeds, it has been found too radical, and gas spoiled both wool and carcass. Half- lood Shropshire wool sells for nearly the Separator ______________________________ - - I 75 Building for dairying ___________________ - . 250 , Total ______________________________ __ $ 1,325 milk upon the farm, to this should be added. a power and a power churn, which would .>«-irrfie gross 111001119 from this investment.‘ same per pound the state over as wool from i ll blood Shropshires, and the higher the -Mropshire grade the better the quality, both f the lamb and the wool. With the judi- >115.-grading of a ewe to a prepntent rggé oi. 3-°gtn.> mid I.alxor:iiories. Full courses lczid to teachers’ life certificates; shorter coiirses to temporary certificates. School Opens Sept. 11, 1894. Semi for catalogue. RICHARD G. BOONE, Ypsilanti, Nlich. NUTSHELLEI). (irciitcst book out. Tells all about this wonderful subject. \Vh:itever vour views zire on Hypnotisin, you will find this lmok of great value. Piihiished price, 50 cents. Sent free, trans- poruition prepaid, if you remit 25 cents for subscrip- iion'i.o Homes and Hearths. the elc ant house- hold monthly. Address vflumes an Hearths Publishing Co., New Y ork. should be poured into the back of the mouth at once and only after this is swallowed should more be given. the head should be lowered. lresults are not always obtained Qeven by the same person when f working under what might be con- g' sidered the same conditions. l J SUMMARY. _ 1. By means of an attachment to the knapsack pumps we are now E enabled to mechanically mix kero- fsene with water for use as an in- jlsecticide. i 2. This mechanical mixture ap- pears to do all the work of a kero- l sene emulsion, thus greatly simpli- l fying the method of applying kero- l sene as an insecticide. 3. This attachmentis applicable .to all the knapsack pumps of the l Galloway pattern, and can now be lobtained in connection with the 3 “ Perfected Galloway” and the I “ Perfection” knapsacks. ,5 4. As this attachment is not pat- f ented, all manufacturers are at lib- ,50,000_oo. jerty to place it upon their pumps. 5. The attachment can also be used for many purposes where a : mechanical mixture of two liquids Ar is wanted. ADMINISTERING MEDICINES. Arkansas Bulletin-«It is quite as important for those who have to treat their own stock when sick to know how medicines should be given as to know what remedies are required. The unskilled less fre- quently do harm from the use of improper drugs than by reckless drenching of sick horses. Such persons should never attempt to drench horses with large volumes of fluid; medicines should never be given by way of the nostrils. The remedies prescribed in this article are to be given by the mouth, rec- tum, or with the hypodermic syringe. The latter method will be employed only by, those who are already accustomed to using it, that is by physicians or veterinarians. Rectal injections are best given by a large syringe, the nozzle of which must be well greased and no undue force employed in introducing it. Drenches are commonly given from a long-necked bottle, the horse’s head being elevated sufficiently by the halterstrap thrown over a beam. A better way is to elevate the head by a rope one end of which is fast- ened around the upper jaw only, hence in the mouth, and the other drawn over a pulley or beam of sufficient height. The horse should be backed into a stall when avail- able and the end of the rope held by an assistant and never tied. Not more than two or three ounces When the animal coughs A safer and more convenient way of giving fluids of small bulk is by means of a syringe made by insert- ing a cane about eight or nine inches long into a single mouthed soft rubber bulb. These bulbs hold about two ounces and may be ob- tained at most drug stores. The head being slightly elevated the cane is introduced into the mouth from the side, pushed back along the roof of the mouth and the con- tents forced out by compressing the bulb. This is repeated until the whole dose has been given. The crushing of the cane is pre- vented by moving the end back and forth in the middle of the roof of the mouth. For the doses pre- scribed in this article this method is recommended. Balls or pills are placed on the back of the tongue, which is drawn forward with the left hand. They are carried back by the hand(which requires practice to be done with safety) or by means of a balling-S gun, or simply stuck on the end of a short, not sharp-pointed, stick, but by this last method unless care- fully done there is some risk of injuring the throat. REPORT ON BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS. The national commissioner of S labor, Hon. Carroll D. VVright, has submitted his ninth annual report. This report relates entirely to the building and loan associations in the United States. These associa- tions are known by various names, but the principle underlying them is the same. In some of the states they are called “building and loan associations,” in others “ co-opera- tive banks,” in others “ building and saving associations,” etc. The report comprehends every state in the union except Vermont, in which there is only one association. The leading states are as follows, with number of associations. l’ciinsyl\'2iiii:i _ _ . _ _ . . Olll0_ _ . . _ . . . Missoiiri... Micliigan h: . c.i«;Nr;i(.\i. l{ESL‘L’l‘.S FOR THE i'Ni'ri~;1i 5'l'ATES, N I _ . V ,.er of spring, a crop of spores xfiiillliifii :lf.?3i‘:;‘$l?l2i;;;a:.i;:t‘""7 .,.;§:?.?3;1S DI'0duCt‘d, Which» under fav- .\:uinbcr of >‘ll2ll'Cll0l(lCl‘S, ft.-mule .. 307,828 Orable Condltlons’ may Nuiiiber of sliiireliolders, totzil _ . . . . . - -- l,745,725 ; . Avi.-r;ig_c iiiimlicr of SllZl.l’(:l’l()l(ll:l'S per "SpI'E‘3.d the (l.ISe3.S€. x12?;Ki¥‘EJ£”;.;.;;;t;.;u;;;’;;i.'.;3;;‘.32.; 3"“";of the_ wmter_wheat1n the fall 1st ' rowers ----------------------------- -- +554” imaterially aided by volunteer JPCYC€nl:l}_{C of shareholders who .'ll'(5 ’ ‘ T0\Vt;‘l‘S. . _ w-~ r. - -31- ‘ Avcrzigc vziliic of sli-.ircs_ . 34.13 t Total profits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3~'So,o6.;,ii6 l Averzige size of loans... ...... _. l,I20 Homes ilCqlIll‘t:(l . . . _ . . , , _ . . . . _ _ , _ . _ _ _ . _ _ 314555 One of the most interesting facts l shown by the report relates to the l age of the associations. Wliile building and loan associations had their birth in the decade of years from 1840 to 1850, with, perhaps, here and there one prior to the first date named, the report shows that the average age of all the as- sociations is but 6.2 years, the local associations having an average age of 6.3 years, and the nationals an average of only 2.5 years. Of the locals 2,394 are under 5 years of age, 2,163 are 5 years or under 10 years of age. and 589 are 10 years or under 15 years of age, making a total of 5,146 associations out of the whole number under 15 years of age. There are but 433 over 15 years of age. These figures cer- tainly show that the building and loan associations of the country are entirely modern institutions and have reached their great propor- tions during the last ten or fifteen years. This, in connection with the fact that they have net assets of over $150,000,000, have made total profits of more than $80,000,- 000 have helped to secure probably over 400,000 homes, and are semi- banking institutions conducted by ordinary men not trained as bank- ers but yet have met with remark- ably few losses, shows conclusively the strong hold which building and loan associations have taken upon the public. Farmer Tibbets—Hang that cowl I 211- 1 ways have to club her ’fore I can make her i stand still. Little Nephew (from the city) Is that the one that gives the whipped cream?—C/drago Tribune, I ~ whenever found. Wwheat plant in the mycelial con- _ 3through the few months following . 1 harvest. I and thus infecting the crop the fol- 1 this otlice, for szilc. ll YELLOWS AND BLACK nor. 1 lllichigcm Bulletin.—These dread ,% diseases of the ‘peach and plum! respectively, are quite troublesome in portions of the state, and fre-l quent inquiries are received as tol their nature and the best methods? of treating them. They have been,‘ discussed in Bulletin 103, which 1 will be sent on application, but we l append the following brief notes] The “black knot” causes swell-i ings upon the stems and branches‘ of plum and cherry trees. The trees should be carefully examined in June and July and, if swellings with a velvety olive green mould upon them are discovered, they should be cut off. Later on, the swellings have a deep black and pimply appearance. If upon the stem or large branches, the knots can be shaved off and the wounds painted with tincture of iodine. The search for knots should be kept up throughout the year, and they should be removed and burned If this is ne~ glected they wiil spread to and de- stroy other trees. Nothing is really known as to the nature of the disease called “ Yellows,” but it is believed to be contagious and it is probably of a bacterial nature. It shows itself in bearing trees in prematurely ripened fruit, and in the reduced size and light color of the foliage. The following year clusters of wiry twigs appear in the axils of the branches. There is no known remedy and, to prevent the spread of the disease, affected trees should be dug out and burned upon its first appear- lance. Only by a strict compliance , with the “ Yellows” law can the ‘disease be held in check. RUSTS OF GRAIN. [Bulletin Kansas Station.] CONCLUSIONS. 1. In the vicinity of Manhattan, jthe common wheat rust passes 1the winter in the tissues of the jdition. During the warm weath- The infection I sort. Expenses extremely Moderate. , ticulars address ,3 A No. 1 FARM .. HARNESS Made of first-class stock and warranted, and all Hull- llnde. We retail all our Harness at wholesale prices and ship anywhere on up‘ pruijal and guarantee ssh‘! ction . Write for Catalogue. HAND MADE HARNESSCO STANTON, MICH. J as. Boss Filled Watch Cases are all gold as far as you can see. They look like solid cases, wear like solid cases, and are solid cases for all practical purposes-—yet only cost about half as much as an out- and-out solid gold case. Warranted to wear for 20 years; many in constant use for thirty years. Better than ever since they are now fitted, at no extra cost, with the great bow (ring) which cannot étpul/ed or twisted of the case—the $20. Can only be had on the cases stamped with this trade mark. All others have the old-style pull-out ow, which is only held to the case by friction, and can be twisted 01? with the fingers. Sold only through watch dealer.. Send for a watch case opener to the manufacturers Keystonewatch Case Co., PHILADELPHIA. WORLD'S FAIR AWARDS “.\‘(irnde.‘67.50. “A"llraIlr.I45. and one Diploma. for Beauty, ' Strength and Chea§ncss.0ver :»t),tM) of these ve icles have been sold direct to the people. Send at once for our complete F (‘Z1I1ll0;!llE' 4 U‘ of every kind of __ _, V Vt-hit-_l¢-it l|arno.ss.:ilso hunk 3 (Wide. 3130. of t(?SllIllUlll:il.\'. lllP_\' are free. ALLIANCE CARRIAGE 00., CINCINNATI. 0. Founded 1886. Incorporated 1892. BENTON HARBOR EULLEGE ll NUHMAL BENTON HARBOR. MICH. NINTH YEAR OPENS SEPT. 10, 1894. NINE COURSES or STUDY. Classical, Scientific. Music, Commercial, Elocu- tion. Art, Normal, Kindergarten, Preparatory. SPE{‘[_“, | Sixteen experienced teachers, all N; “Tl. pg ‘SpeClElllStS._ “ “‘ Fine collection of Physical and . N / (‘heinical apparatus. ° Al)‘-',flTj(;[~]S, J (:‘rymnast.ics, Calisthenics, Voice Culture. Apparatus making and Teachers and others. Full instruction in Reporting and Typewriting. School of Music one of the best in the State. Diplomas honored by Michigan University, Wellesley. Northwestern, Cornell in all courses. Delightful Location. Lake Side Summer Re- For par- Experimentation for GEO. J. l'Ill(l(?l"‘.lIBE, .-l. lll.. Pl]. 0., Principal. lwheat, which carries the rust The red rust spores are ? capable of maintaining their power 1 of germination through the winter, lowing spring. THE HISTORY OF TIIE Patrons of Husbandry. BY 0. ll. KELLEY. The Executive C(lIlll2lll[t:t: of the Niitioiizil Grange izis |)l:lL‘t.'(l :i limited .—M. B. HUNT .. . .........M81!-‘I9 Asslr B'rlI:wARD—A. M. BELCHE Rhode Island CH.APLAIN—B. L. WILSON ________ _,Mississippi TkEASUBEB—MBS. F. M. MGDOWE_LL.__.N. Y. S1io3E'1'ABr—J OHN '1‘RIMBLE,Washmgton, D.C_ GATE KEEPEB—W. E. HARBAUGH. _..M1ssoun CERES—MRS. M. S. RHONE .... ._Pennsylvania POMONA-—M RS. MARY BEARDON .... ____Kansas FLOBA—MRS. ANNIE L. BULL, . ____M1nnesota LADY Ass’r S'mw’i>—MRS. AMANDA HORTON Michigan. Executive Committee. LEONARD RHONE..Center Hall, Pennsylvania ,8. R.HUTCHlNSON.._..-_. ___. ...--.‘_1I‘€}!118 J. J. WOODMAN ......... ..Paw Paw. Mlcblgan Oificers Michigan State Grange. MAs'rEa——-G. B. HORTON ......... ..FrI1if~ Ridge OVERSEEB-M. T. COLE .... _. ..-.Pa1_II1S’I‘§ LEOTUBEB—A. J .— CROSBY. J B. . _ STEwA3p—A, P. __________________ _.Archie Ass’r STEWABD—J. H. MARTIN, Box 442.BG:a_nd I CHAPLAIN—MARY A. MAYO ____ ..Battle Ciiaek TBEASURER—E. A. STRONG ....Vicksburg SEoiz1i:r1lnr—JENNlE BUELL Ann Arbor GATE KEEPEB—GEO. L. CARLISLE__Kalkas_ka .CEBEs—MARY C_ ALLIS _______________ __Adrian F LOBA—MRS. SARAH A ST. CLAIR__Butternut PoMoNA—MltS. A. A. LEIGHTO .__Old Mission L. A. S'i'EW’i)-—-MRS. J.l:l. MARTIN Grand Rapids Executive Committee. J_ G_ RAMSDELL, Chn _________ __Traverse_ City H_ D pL,y1*T _ _ _ , _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ __Ypsilanti __.Berrien Center oldwater Committee on Woman’s Work in the Grange. , A,M ________________ __B an O 1: fi§§.li‘§§si..${.%dH .1 ___‘3_.s‘i..§$§.. Mrs. Belle Royce. ...................... --Baroda General Deputy Lecturers- MARy _.(_ MAYO, ________________ ,_Battle Creek HON. J. J. WOODMAN, .....Paw Paw HON G_ LU E _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ..Coldwater HON. PERRY MAYO. .-.Ba_tt1e Creek HON THOS. M .Berr1en Center . D. BA K ..... -- C. L. WHITNEY.__. -- County Deputies. D_ H_ Stcbbmg ______ __ ____At\vood, Antrim C . C. V. N:lSh_,___ _Blooiiiii1gd-ale, Allegzui “ R_ B. Reynolds _______ __Il'\l£l|'l(l, llenzie “ Geo. Bowsel-__‘ _____Do\vling, Bzirrv _Union City, Bfllncll “ Clay]; ____ __ ___Bucli:inan, Berrien “ j. W. Ennert ............ ..St- Johns. Clinton “ Mary A. Mayo ______ __Battle Creek, Calhoun “ \Vm. Clark_____ __Charlevoix, Chzirlevoix “ E. B. \\'2ird___ _,Ch.irlevoix, Cll1u'lE\'0l.\' “ Abrum l\liller,_ .-D0“'1‘.‘—’.l*1C: C1155 ” F. H. Osborn__ on Rapids, Eaton “ Isaac Russell___ ___Alma, Grxitiot “ lushing, Genesee “ 11, Grand Trrivcrse “ _\\'hc'.itl2uid, Illllsdilltt “ ,Sziiid Bench, lluron “ ___A_Cll1ln(llBI', Ioniu “ __I-‘itchhurg, Iiigliam “ _Duck Luke, _]2i.ckson “ ___Rockford, Kent “ zilkziskzi, Kulkziskzi “ John Passmore_ E. O. Ladd____O iVIrs_ E. I). Nukes. R, A. J. A. Courtright_ Robert Dockery - James Grcasen ____ __ Hiram Br'.idslimv_,____North Brunch, I.-apecr “ Fred Dean ____________ __ Brightori, Livingston “ E_ \I,'_ A1115 V ‘ _ _ __ __Adriun, I.oii.'i\vee “ __Crvst;il, Montcziliii “ __Bear Lake, Manistec “ __Big Rapids, Dlecosta “ _____Disco, i\l:icomb _Fl:it Rock, Monroe “ _Ravenna, Muskegon ___Aslilnnd, .\'e\v' 'go “ Geo. H. Lester,,... D, R, Van Amberg. Jessie E, V\ illiams_, J. S. l.'.i\vson __ \Vill G. Parisli. T. F. Rodgers. VV. VV. Carter__ A. j, Crosby __ ___ \7(§):ll‘.intl, Ozik .inc‘ " Robert Al\v'.1rd__ Ilu sonvillc, Ott.'i\v:i “ R H Taylor , .____Shclbv, Oceiuizi “ " Vernon, Sli'i:i\v:issee “ A \\ Cuiheld Robert 'l‘rcb_v__,__ )1. C. Kerr”... Helen A. Fisk::_ lohn E_ \\'ilc(i.\'_ john A. McD0u R. C. Norris _ , , _ __ _,___Carsoiiville, 51lllll11C “ _Lziwrcncc, Vain Buren ___l’lymuuth, Wuync “ psilzinti, \\'zisliLcii2i\v “ "Cadillac, \\'cxford “ Revised List of Grange Supplies Kept in the office of Sec‘y of the Michigan State Grange d 1; t, t-paid pn receipt of Cash Order, Alclivezusii-altlheogearlnfiaf a Subordinate Grange. and the signature of its Master or Secretary- Porcelain ballot marbles. D91’ hllndmd ----- --$0 75 Secretaryzs ledges,‘ ------------------- -- -~ 35 or ................... -- - -i~?°.J.Z$e’£’Z f§’.°aers. bound. per hundred. Soc:-etai-y‘s receipts for dues, per hundr Treasurer's receipts for due_s. Del‘ hundred- A plications for membership» D8? hlllldmd ithdrawal cards. D8!‘ (101911 ———— -— Dimits, in envelopes. P?!‘ ‘I019!’-.— — . By-Laws of the State (xl'&l1B8. single comes. 10¢; per dozen.-- ;-- u lad Echoes," wi h music, single copies, e.‘.E.°..f,.§"3i;l‘.i§‘3”.;.';.;.a;.a2.'e;.1s;-;ab1;.';.:.Iaazaa Opening Son . ._ard, 2c each; 759 D81’ 50; 100-- Rituals, 7th tion (with combined degrees), {325c each‘ Del‘ (105911 —————— —: --------------- -— Rituals, 5th d-.«zree.,set of rune Rituals, J uveni_1e. single copy- Rituals. Juvenile. P91‘ 595 ~~~~~~~~ -- -160 Notice to delinquent members, per L; .. . . American Manual of Parliamentary w.-.. I)-ifilegt, of Laws 8-Dd R111-U135 --------------- ‘- Sumac pll(:iz]ii£i:ix'z{éIa'éc3-oi§c§E:i{i'v_6 ‘1s;;‘...‘£.;;.;: If .' Keugfg History of tilt? (‘H8333 ------------ -- ' f ' old pins badges. Working‘ wZvl:tsetaSrifi¢?ncfiEiiigsg,seals, ballot boxes and any other gransfl 5111991139- Address MISS J ENNIE BUELL, Ami ABBOB. MICE. - Farms in Isabella County AVERAGE ABOUT SEVENTY ACRES EACH. Beautiful homes, large barns. fruitful orchards, eat country school houses and churches, thriv- ?,, vmages and :1 handsome city, prove the 1-gs eritv of the people. The schools and col- egegof Mt. Pleasant are excellent. 0211’-S. Cl0}’€1’. sheep, potatoes and fruits for general farming; Com hay and rich pastures for dairying and stock raising, have made many farmers well ofi; others are rospering, and so can you. Un1m- raved lan s, valuable timber lands, partly im- proved farms, and farms hi hly improve , and ghoice city roperty for sale Per really low prices. For samplias of descriptions of such property as ou ma desire and feel able to buy, ease admffess COOK'S REAL ESTATE AGE CY, Mt Pleasant, Mich- Dfilfiflfl $88 3 Elfin? szassssasa d5 ed. 5. The exterior llflll of the forearm. THE GRANGE VISITOR. Brain Work. CONDUCTED BY “ NANCY LEE.” Open to 2111. Contributions and solutions de- sired. Issued the first and third Thursdays of each month. Subscription 50 cents per year. Address all puzzle imitter to TIIOMAS A. I\liLLAR, 500, 12th Street, Detroit, l\Iich. SOLUTIONS T0 xxi, AND xxii. 135, P. Pas, Tar_ts,Tirrits, Pardoning, Par- rot-green, Stingaree, Stirred, Snath,Gee, N. 136, C, Poe, Crans, Cierges, Prescript, Co- arctation, Engraving. Seities, Spins, Tog, N. 137, Sowing. 138, Lighted-delight. I39, OuI:—[he rod]. 140, Mettman, Exarate, Tareme, Treated, Mantel], Attelle, Need- les. 141, Let-he. I42, Violent-violet. 143, Halicarnassus, Siciliennes, Dedicatee, Debited, Pines, Sir, C. 144, Vvilliam Gross- man, a noted American laweij. 145, D, Pew, Paths, Parriah, Partition. 146, Re- init-tiinei‘. 147, Pacates, Calamar, Aba- kane, Tamarac, Emanant, Sapecta. 'soLvERs. Calvin, Remardo, 11; Frantz, io; Gran- ite Poser, 5; Aspiro, 6; I. C. M., 4; Colum- bia, 4; Phil. 0. Sopher, Sappho, Lily May, Zadia, Arty Fishel, Dick Graver, G. VVhizZ, H Ennis, Bourgeois, Vetturino, Sylvester, Black Eyed Charley, Atossa, Eth Oswy, 3. Belated Frantz. PRIZE \\'1NNERS. Calvin and Remardo, Del/‘oi! Puzzler six months each. ORIGINAL PUZZLES, N0. XXV. iV0.¢. I02-I(77.——])l7'.»’7‘le'ti PVr'amid'.\‘, Aciiossz 1. A plant. 1. Striking terror. 3. A course of rock. 4. Origiiizil. 5. To lug again. 6. One-third of interest. 7. A letter. DOWN: i. A letter. 2. A proposition. 3. A dog. 4. The recrcmciit of a metal. 5. Denoting certain days and weeks. 6. The magpie. 7. Not govern- 9. The point in the last verse. 10. Unfrequented. 11. A measure. 12, Abhr. for one of the U. S. 13. A letter. 1’m'/.- Side, I//, Acxoss: l. A small plant of the genus .~;/>imul/1- yr. 2. The zirt of measuring zmvthing. 3. Dregs . M YST.-\GOG 1'8. (Pare). 4. Those who obtrude for bed and board. 5. A c:iriiivorous quzidrupcd. 6. A river of China (ll'or.). 7. A letter. Do\v~. 1. A letter. 2. A verb. 3. River of Turke_ . 4.. Town of Cal. (li’z12/11' .11). 5. To im- pedc. 6. Countv of Eng. 7. A thing of little Value. 8. R-armist. 9. Eternal. I0. Trespzisses. 11. To stupcfy. 12. A prinLcr’sme:isure. 13. letter. lrzaviu. Pa, D.x:\'oi' LYON. .r’V0_ I(),(.—(,'/Im‘(1iY'r. U; from the " vzisty deep” strong energies, H€El\‘C horrid all the surface’ briiiy flow. \\‘cll1ng it scciiietli to the very skies Then lets crczitioifs sinking bottom go. Heaven help, when vou are on :i PRIME VVhosc height nor depth may guess the swing- ing roll That captures all your will in hzipless times, Like these in inortul iniseries untold. Now see what quick and strong recoil, Upsets the normal with :1. great ado, \Vhen spaisms, up the stifled nostrils boil To S2l(llV prove that one may still be T\\’O. COMPLETE? who lms not felt how blue: One feels. along the retcliing verge of ill \\'hen joy and hope are gone, and \'l(I[|1fllS too Thzit C1‘.s‘tl'l‘.l(l blcst us to the very fill. .811/.-m. .V, I1. Pl{2.~‘.). 10. Secs (0/v.«‘.). 11. A letter. />’i7.~1z7/I, _l/um‘. }I_ S, tr, z\'n. 1bL‘).—Em';rmu_ \\'e travcl much, yet prisoners are, And close confined, to boot; “'3 with the fastest horse keep pace, Yet zilxvziys go on foot. Ei.i..\ IVIENTAL. PRIZES, Vlfor the two best lists of soliitions to Brain \Vork _\_.\\ , .\.\'\'I,;1nd XXVII, we will give such a six sub. to T/iv Drlroil P1122/.r, also two very small prizes will be £1\V:ll‘Cl8d by lot to solvers of tlirec or more puzzles. Solutions must reach us in thirty days. Open to ull. .\I\'STIC PENCILLINGS. Our miserable llfe was made happy fora couple of hours on the evening of June 3, when “ l'niversity" of New York, paid us a visit. VVe have felt like a new man ever since; he has promised to call again, we anx- iously await the hour. Let every puzzler send in solutions. \Vh_v is a puzzler like a piece of pie? C. C. S. S. NANCX’ LEE. El)L'CA'l'I0.\'. [From .\l'.i~ler’s ziddress, New Gi';1ii;_,rc.] In the matter of education the subordinate Granges occupy a very important position. The Grange should by every proper efiort seek to make the common school of the community more eflicient, encour- age both teacher and pupils to ele- vate the grade of the school, and make it a positive factor for good, for morality and friendship; then supplement these efiorts by liter- ary exercises and public exhibi- tions by the Grange, and thus throw out inducements for pupils and parents alike to join the Gran ge. The higher education and indus- trial training of our normal schools and colleges (while open to all our children) cannot be taken advant- age of by all; this opens a new field of operation for the subordi- nate Grange. The farmers in some sections of our state, awake to their opportu- nities, have already taken advant- age of the different courses of lect- ures given by direction of the state agricultural college with very great benefit to themselves. I would recommend that Patrons generally avail themselves of the benefits to be derived from these lectures where it is possible to do so. This is a practical plan for the improve- ment of the farmer’s mind, and he can by this means learn that which must help him in his business, namely, pioper care and feeding of his crops and his stock. The work of education in the Grange can _]c1‘scy State ~zwr».~;«aas4un:s-»» - . ‘v j_,_ . -. ‘- never cease.-” because it is the chief corner-stone of our Order. I also desire to call your atten- tion in this connection to the re- port of the committee on education at the recent session of the Nation- al Grange, and before leaving this subject, I would urge upon Patrons that they be more watchful of their interests as agriculturists and more careful as to the disposition of funds appropriated for agriculture, as I fear that the large outlay made in this direction is not re- turning to agriculture a commen- surate value. ARE FARMERS ORGANIZATIONS BENEFICIAL! [Part of a paper read at the farmers‘ii1stitnte at Morris. by F. M. Shepard of Owosso.] Man is a gregarious animal, al- though our friend, J. Sterling Morton, the present secretary of agriculture, would have us stay at home and attend to our own busi- ness and have nothing to do with public alfairs, still it seems to be a fact that ever since the fiat was proclaimed, “It is not good for man to be alone,” it has been natural for men of all classes and conditions in life to band together for their own protection or con- venience. This is shown by re- ferring to history, and has espec- ially been emphasized within the past year. Those of you who visited the great “White City ” at Chicago during the VVorld’s Fair have per- haps been impressed (as I was) with the vastness of the undertak- ing when you took into considera- tion the shortness of the time in which the work had to be completed. When we think of a place like Jackson Park, containing over 600 acres, covered with the most beautiful and extensive buildings, with canals, islands, and lagoons, lighted by electricity and adorned with fountains, handsome statues, flower gardens, and other works of art, and all this work to be done in the time between the 251311 of April, 1890, when the act of congress was passed creating the commission, and the 1st of May, 1893, when the exposition was formally opened, I say we can hardly conceive it possible that the ingenuity of man could accomplish all this work in the short space of time allotted to do it. And how was all this done? Why simply by that ower which you ask would it e beneficial among farmers. viz., the power of organization ! In this connection it will be proper to inquire what eflect this factor of organization is having on the business world of today. Look around you and you will find that all kinds of business, from the wealthy manufacturer who counts his employés by the thousand to the barber and the bootblack, all are thoroughly organized. Do you want a job of repairing done or a house built? The carpenter you employ belongs to the carpenters’ union! The man who builds your chimneys or spreads the plaster upon your walls belongs to the masons, or plasterers’ union! Your house must be furnished by a firm belonging to the manufacturers, association, and finally you must be buried by an undertaker who belongs to the undertakers’ union. And now with this slight glance at what has been and is being done by men of other callings with the aid of this great agent organization, what I ask, is the status of the farmer upon this point today? Is he on hand with his organization? Is he prepared to do royal battle for the rights which his position as the source and fountain of all prosperity (without whom all busi- ness would cease to exist) entitle him of right to demand? Is he prepared to take the position which his control of three-fifths of the voting power of the people entitle him to? Six years ago I read a paper at one of your institutes in which I urged upon farmers the benefits of organization and encouraging the formation of farmers’ clubs! At that time there were but four or five clubs organized in the state. On the first of the present month I had the honor of representing the club to which I belong at a state convention of farmers’ clubs. At this meeting there were 22 farmers’ clubs represented, and there are at least a dozen more in the state who did not send delegates to that meeting. Now while the fact of this in- crease in members is encouraging and shows that the minds of thelmachine? No, I think if he were farming class have a leaning in;’l30 use the scythe he would get a the right direction, it also showsl that we are far behind all otherl classes in the matter of organiza- ; ‘to butter-making, the same or tion for our own benefit. The fact is Mr. President that we as farmers have too long neg- lected to use this great factor in the world’s operation, namely the power of organization. The fact is that we have so long suffered from the terrible isolation from each other and from the busy workers of the world that it has becomes. sort of second nature to live within ourselves, to distrust each other and every one with whom we have to do; to be in fact in- dependent even of those of our own calling, and to think that we are just as well off without the assistance and co-operation of those around us. And it is to this very feeling that we are indebted more than anything else for the peculiar position in which we find ourselves at the present time. While we have been patting ourselves upon the back and calling ourselves in- dependent of all others, we have been distanced in the race by those of nearly every other profession or calling on the face of the earth. Monopolies, trusts, unions, and combinations of various kinds have fixed the price of every article which we have to buy and of every day’s work which we employ. Boards of trade and chambers of commerce have fixed the price upon every commodity which we have to sell, and railroad combinations have made rates to suit themselves upon everything which we wish to trans- port. How then, you say, shall we ever be able to get out of the posi- tion in which we find ourselves? And in answer I would say that if the American farmer is ever to take the proud position among his fellow men to which he is entitled by na- ture and by right, it must be done by education and organization. He must be educated to know his rights and knowing to dare maintain them. He must learn to lay aside his feel- ings of distrust and envy, and to meet his fellow laborers upon the broad plane of charity and Christian benevolence. He must learn to love his calling and be prepared to defend it against all encroachments. He must learn that when his own vocation is in danger from adverse legislation, he must not be mindful of the whip of any political party, but must work for the best interests of that sacred calling to which he owes all that he is now or expects to be hereafter. He must learn that man can not live unto himself alone, but that as the pebble cast in the pool disturbs all the water in a certain circle around it, so his influence for good or evil is felt when he knows it not, and that as his life is so shall be his reward. KENT (.'0L'NTY GRANGE. An interesting meeting of Kent county Grange was held at Alpine Grange hall on June 13. The reports from the Granges showed nearly all in a very flourish- ing condition and doing good work. The afternoon session was open to the public, and over sixty Pa- trons and friends were present. A motion placing Kent county Grange on record as favoring the election of the United States sen- ators by the people was carried. From the discussion on, “Why I labor for the best interests of the Grange,” which was led by I. D, Davis, the following was gleaned: “We are recognized and respected more than any other farmers’ organization in existence.” “ The Grange not only labors for its own members, but for all those through- out the whole township and county, and as it has done so much to help every farmer he ought to be will- ing to do as much for the Grange as they are doing for him.” “ The Grange is of vast importance to the young people as a school. It has done more for all classes of farmers from young to old than any other organization.” One thought {that “the Grange has saved hundreds of women from insanity.” Mrs. C. Preston led the discus- sion on, “The advantages of the creamery over the ordinary methods of making butter.” One sister thinks that “ a woman is just as much entitled to a creamery as a man is to amowing machine.” The first question always asked when a creamery is talked of is, “do you get more pounds of butter.” Now does a man get more tons of hay when he cuts it with a. mowing very little more, but he would ob- ject to the extra work. While this rule would not apply better results can be obtained with less work by using the creamery. “The pleasures and profits of the hot house,” was the next sub- ject for discussion, and after a. few remarks the subject was passed, and the lecturer spoke on the ques- tion of, “ lVhy are there not more farmers in our state and national legislatures?” Music and recitations plentifully interspersed. The next meeting will be held at Cascade Grange Hall. were S1~:c’i'. TRAVERSE GRANGE TALKS. Mr. Parmelee-—There is some- thing wrong in this country gener- ally. He thought the present state of depression originated in the United States senate. Inferior offi- cers who are corrupted take their cue from United States legislators who have set this dishonest example, which our roadmasters, etc., are not slow to follow. Mr. Browu—One fact struck him as a present indication of the tendency of the times. Agricult- urally, each farmer should now put his best foot forward. The outlook is toward a great amount of produce raised-—more every year. Those unable to get employment elsewhere will seek it on the farm. More will come from the towns to till the soil. This will make more producers and less consumers. The only way for the farmer to get ahead is to practice the best methods of agriculture and make the most of his circumstances. Even if he does the best he can the outlook is not favorable. One member here said he thought the reason for our hard times was, there isn’t money enough in circu- lation. Mr. Haynes——Couldn’t see how we could make money more plenti- ful. It is a bad plan just now to lend money to people who can’t pay their bills. Farmers at present can’t make money enough to pay their debts. Mrs. Ramsdell—The farmers are the most independent people in the world. Farmers can raise enough to live on, and live well. We are lucky enough here to have no disaste1's—frosts nor floods—that afllict other localities. Our grow- ing manufactories are a good thing for our_farmers as helping; to con- sume their produce. She should stick to the farm and not go any- where else. She could tell of just as many farmers who had got rich as manufacturers or tradesmen. Could cite a number of our farmers who have made money raising potatoes. There is more money in potatoes than fruit. Mrs. Gray-VVe should look way back for a solution of this trouble. Thereis now too much extravagance in living". Poor farmers, who come here after living extremely saving- ly in the old country, become wasteful. They may get good wages, but seldom lay up a cent. She be- lieved in saving: for a rainy day. She thought it paid in her own family to be frugal. They had raised and educated a large family and never regret they had some- times to live poor to do it. But there is no real need of starving on the farm. \Vhere is the soup house for farmers? Then we can be edu- cated if we only try. With free libraries and cheap books and periodicals there is no excuse for the illiterate fa.rmer.—Grand Trav- erse Herald. Alleged Jokes. Sunday School Teacher—What kind of boys go to heaven? Small Boy—Dead 0neS.—~Broo£»l)/n Li’/e. Mrs. Newlywed—Henry, I think you are real mean. Mi‘. Newlywe-d——Well, what have I done? Mrs. New1ywed—Mother writes that in your letter asking her to come and see us, you said “ visitation” in- stead of “ visit”~and now she's not com- ing— Tru//1. Mrs. Henpeck-—On the twenty-fifth of next month we will celebrate our silver wedding. Don’t you think we ought to kill the fatted calf and ask in the neighbors? Mr. Henpeck-—-Kill the calf! Idon’t see how the unfortunate animal is to blame for what happened twenty—five years ago.—- Tizl-Bits. Young Lady “I am tired ofliving on my relative and want to be independent.” Em- ployment Agent~“ I might getyou a place in a store.” “ That won't do. I’d be under some one‘s orders continually. I want to be independent of everything and every- body.” ‘-' Ah, I see. I’ll get you a place as cook.”—A/'cw for/E IVeekly, 8 THE GRANGEl\VISITOR. JULY 5, 1894. Nofices of Meefings. ALLEGAN POMONA. The meeting of the Allegan county Po- mona Grange has been adjourned until October. The time, place and program will be given in the VISITOR in due time. Mas. E. L. Onrox, Set‘. Grange News. orres 1011 en s an a :1 runs in ee , are re- C 1 d t , (3 ll P t d d quested to send us postal Cards giving some news iottingl‘,—an_vthing of interest to you. It will inter- est ot iers. Please also send short answers to some or all of the followin questions. Hel us to make this the most valuiib e column in the '15- ITOR. i. How is your Grange prospering? 2. H:i\'e you manv young peo vie? 3. \\'hat do outsiders think 0 your Grange and its work? 4, \Vh:it difliculties do you meet? ;. \\'hut are \'our iros ects? . _ _ _ I P ‘ , (7, \\ hat is most needed in Grim e work in voiir . . .t , .3 - \'lCl\'ll v. 7. In \V’ll2lt war are your members most lienetited bv belonging to the Grange.‘ Michigaii. The last meeting of Manistee district Grange, No. 21, was held at Pleasanton Grange hall, June 26. Regular Grange session in the daytime for Grange business, with discussions, Should United States senators be elected by direct vote? The expression in its favor was unanimous, and that until the constitution is amended, that parties should at their conventions n01nin- l ate candidates, and members of the legis- lature should vote for the election of the candidate nominated by their party. The evening session was open to the public the local Sabbath school providing plenty, of good music and the Grange a program of essays, short talks, and recitations. l The pressure of farm work prevented a ( longer session, but we believe the meeting has strengthened the friendly feeling and} respect already existing in that locality for the Grange. ‘ SECRETARY. Parkville Grange, No. 22, would like space in your valuable paper, although - Parkville Grange perhaps has as few sub- scribers to the \'isiToR as any Grange of l a like number of lll€lTll.‘)€l'.~‘. But let me as- sure the editor that your correspondent has , done all he could to have the members ll subscribe. But Parkville Grange is yet alive and is fairly prosperous as a Grange. \Ve have added some twenty to our nuin— _ ber during the last year, and more anxious l to join us. l The izth of Julie being the 61st anniver- sary of the birth of Mr, F. M. \Voodard, i an old pioneer of St. Joseph and Kalama- ; Zoo Counties’ having emigrated froln New ,' from the Grange homes of the Stzite. The College Route. ahandsome archway over the front en- trance containing in fine decoration the word, “ Welcome.” The day was pleasantly spent in social chat and entertaining music. Mr. VVood- ard in a short and effective speech gave them a kindly greeting to his home. He also gave a brief outline of his early life in New York. He told them about his emigration to Mich- igan in an early day and the hardships of pioneer life. Your correspondent respond- ed, congratulating him on his success in life, his hale and hearty condition, with the hope that he might live to enjoy many more birthdays. Rev. F. Hauser, also a member of Parkville Grange, then present- ed Mr. \Voodard in behalf of the assem- bled company, a handsome easy chair. The guests were then invited to the dining room where elegant refreshments were served. VVe .all wished him and his a happy birthday and many more to come, and when done with life’s changes, and the Grange below, in heaven a brighter home. UNCLE DAVE, Master Parlcmllle Grange. judge Ramsdell, chairman of Executive Committee of the State Grange, has been for some time sorely atllicted by losing the use of an arm from rheumatism. Y. P. S. C. E. Cleveland, 0lii0, July 11 to 15. Special low rates via Michigan Central Inquire at ticket oflice. C, W’. .\Ii-:RcER, Ticket Agent, Lansing. Agricultural College lFifty First Class Boys MICHIGAN STATE THE NEXT EULLEEE Yillll BEGINS MON DAY, AUGUST 20. There is room for ‘York with his arents when but ten years l wants them. \Vill you furnish them? If the of age’ he Efiltegded a;1 infitation to‘ the farmer keeps up with the procession he must he , . members of Parkville Grange of which he i is a very active member, being the county i delegate to the State Grange last Decem- l ber. The day was a pleasant one and , nearly every member of the Grange at-l tended. As they drove to his beautiful home the first thing to catch the eye was I etliiczited. The (follege has every fzicility. Send l us the boys. For ciitalogiies rind full iiiforinutioii udtlress SE(‘,RETAI{Y. Agriculturzil College, )[ich. WHIPPLE’S SUPPLETIENTARY Adjustable Wide Tire FOR F4t.RM W A GOIVS. 3-“r = \ "~’ .: _-- «-1 buys a complete set (including the _ ' _ tightener T) of STEEL TIRES 4% inches wide. warranted to carry 4,000 lbs.. that can be put onto the wheels of any farm Wagon over the narrow tire. and can be attached or detached by one man in twenty minutes. In ordering give diameter of wheels. Address E. E. WHIPPLE, St. Johns, Mich. School the Entire Year. Students May Enter at any time and Select their own Studies. Indiana Normal School and Business Institute VALPARAISO. IN D. The Largest and Best Equipped Normal School in the United States. _ Notwithstanding the hard times the attendance is greater this year than ever before. DEPARTIVIENTS. Preparatory Teachers (including Kindergarten Work, Teachers’ Training Class and Pedagogy) Collegiatelincluding Scientific. Classic and Select Courses). Special Science, Civil Engineering, Pharmacyflommercial, Music, Fine Art. Phon0g— raphy and Typewriting, Telegraphic and Review. Each department is a school within itself. yet all, with the exception of private lessonsiu Music are Iiicliuled in One Tuition. Specialists as In- structors are provided for eacll departnieiit. Though the attendance is large yet the classes are sectioned so as to contain, on an average, not to exceed 50 students. The Coniiiicrcial Department in connection with the school is everywhere acknowledged to be the most. complete Commercial College in the land. It is supplied with the most extensive line of otfices ever attempted by any business school. No otlmr institution of lcmrniny offers for min tuition ¢nz_I/tiling like as many subjects from which to srlect. The best evidence that the work is satisfactory is the constantly increas- ing demand for those trained here E:tpe1ure.s- 133.9 than at (lily other plan’. Tuition $10 per term. Board and fui-iiisliecl room $1.50 to $1.90 per week. Catalogue mailed free. Additional advantages for the coming year with- out increasiug the expense of the student. 22d year opens September 4th. Address ii. Ii. imowx, Principal. or 0. i‘. KI.\'SE\', Associate. Consignments from 0 Wool Producers and Shippers . Splicited. Liberal Advances made when de- sired. Sacks Free to Shippers. Established I866. .' SILBERMAN BROS 212-214 Michigan St., Chicago. Illinois. REFER by permission to The B. adstreet Company; , National Bank of Illinois. Qmcago; Lincoln National Bank. Chicago: . First National Bank. Quincy. Illinois; People's Nat. Benk. Rock Is and, Illv; Iowa. National Bank. Ottumwa, Iowa. “OTHER S;T§§"“"* TBS“ no YOU opposuo to TRUSTS? Will you Back those that Fight them? Every Farmer says Yes. Then buy your Honors and Cultivators of the manufacturer that has spent thousands of dollars fighting combines. THE W]-[[I’*’LE HARROW 0)., St. Johns, Mich. LADIES WANTED .T;’:ii°.:‘?.*,;:§§ time writing for me in their homes. Hood Pay. Be-1 ver ‘(E0561 ,~ _HI ‘-0 d - -h V - Address with stamp. Mus. GRACE E. GOODRICH Sec. ‘ ‘ [J 5] ‘ n 81 “ r‘ ‘On l Box 126. Cedar Rapids, Iowa. ‘ lVo'nona Co., Mz'nn., Jlfay 14, 1894. MR. 0. VV. INGERSOLL: DEAR SIR——I received the paint I order- ed of you safely. About ten years ago we used you paint and it gave entire satisfac- tion; better than any other paint we can get here. As I am in need of paint for mv house and barns, I shall certainly orderiof you again this fall. Yours, Bizxj. C. Cox. Liquid Rubber [See Adv. Ingersoll’s Paints.—ED.] hard-headed western men wear soft hats P”; Slouch——“And I wonder why _vou—--er——l eastern fellows wear hard ‘nats?”—Frmzl- pRE55E5 op Roggjggrr SMITH & co" /-P5/""-‘ -VU”f/Ib'- l LANSING. MICE. is a book containing illustrations, prices and descriptions of 30,000 articles in common use, a book that will show you at a glance if you are paying too much for the goods you are now buying, WORTH ANYTHING TO YOU? is it worth the 15 CENTS in stamps re- quired to pay postage or express charges on a copy? THE BUYERS GUIDE AND CATALOGUE ( issued every March and September) is the book we are talking about; you are not safe without a copy of the latest edition in the house. MONTGOMERY WARD & co., I I I to I I6 Michigan Ave., Chicago- In writing mention THE GRANGE VISITOR. or‘ THE “'ILL BE HELD AT MICHIGAN STATE llGlllCULTUliAL SOCIETY Deiroii, September 10 lo 21, 1894, These Buildings and Grounds are unexcelled There will be the for Fair purposes. Finest Stock Show, the largest show of Farm Implenieiits, and the greatest ‘ Art Exhibit ever seen in Michigan. All the Best Stock will exhibit, and All the Good Fariners of the State will attend faniilies. Preniiuin Lists are New Distribiitioii. If you do not receive one. send 8. card to the Secretary, and you will soon have one. the Fair On the Grounds of the Detroit Exposition Conipaiiy. Breeders with their R0.‘l(ly for WM. BELL, President, HAMBURG. 1. H. BUTTERFIELD, Secretary, LANSING. —‘ .«.-....T.