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VOL. XX. NO. 3.

CHARLOTTE, MICHIGAN, -:;fiBR.UARY 7, l.5'9."}.
.3

Pure Food Report.
Extracts From The Report of the Michigan Dairy
and Food Commissioner for 1894.

“At the beginning of the year’s work it
was my intention to prosecute in every case
where proof could be made; but later and
further consideration convinced me that
more good could be accomplished by sini-
ply securing such evidence of the need of
effective laws and adequate a propriations
as would do most to help in tliat direction.
As the work progressed I became more and
more convinced that this, while less likely
to produce present benefits, was, neverthe-
less, the best course. There were several
reasons that determined me in adopting
this plan, the first of which was the small-
ness of the amount available. The appro-
priation for clerical help and for the pay-
ment of the state analyst for the year was
one thousand dollars. Then all could not
be prosecuted. If only a small ro ortion
of the guilty ones could be reac edp while
all around them were those undoubtedly
equally guilty that were entirely safe, as
safe as though under the protection of the
law, through the inadequacy of the appro-
priation, could the not with justice coin-
plain of its uneqna workings“!

* * Michigan is today almost
the ‘last ditch’ of the manufacturers of
spurious food products. They are looking
to us and using our markets for a dump-
ing ground for their goods; and will not
hesitate to use all the means they can make
available to hold their ground here and to
prevent legislation that is opposed to their
interests. It is unwise to hope that they
will not use every means availablein oppo-
ition to the passage and enforcement of
laws that will injure their business.

* * ‘X-

The importance of the work cannot be
overestimated. According to the report of
the United States secretary of agriculture,
fifteen percent of all the food consumed
in this country is adulterated. Seven huii-
dred million dollars are paid out every
year for misnaiiied food. * *
But something of practical value. has also
been attained without litigation. The sliip-
ment of certain classes of spurious goods
into the state has been. if not entirely sup-
pressed, yet largely reduced. \’l'here sales

ave been made in many instances. pay-
ment has been refused and the goods re-
turned. Firms hitherto active in pushing
this class of trade in the state have declined
to bill orders already taken. In one case
a wholesale dealer who bought spurious
jellies by the car load abandoned the trade
entirely when he found their sale illegal.

* * -X-

()iir present laws upon the subject have
been passed at different sessions covering a
period of more than twenty years. as the
demand for their passage has arisen and
been urged by different branches of the
food producing industries of the state.
They are without plan; are not uniform in
restrictions or in penalties. But the time
has come for the revision and consolidation
into one systematic whole, that shall cover
all the interests involved, with ample pow-
ers for searching out frauds and with en-
alties suitable for their punishment. T ese
changes should be carefully made so as to
cover all the points involved and not to ex-
ceed the constitutional provisions covering
the police powers of the state. I believe
the law as revised should contain the fol-
lowing provisions:

I. The sale of the following articles
should be forbidden:

1. Generally, any article which has
mixed with it any ingredient that is injur-
ious, or which has abstracted from it any
ingredient that if abstracted lowers the
quality; . . . .

2. Any article nia(le in imitation of, or
sold under the name of another article, or
falsely branded, or upon which art has
been used to conceal inferiority, or in
which there is fraud or deceit;

3. Diseased or tainted meats, or meats
that are in any way unwholesome, or de-
cayed or unwholesome vegetables;

4. Milk from diseased cows, or adulter-
ated milk, milk from which any part of
the cream or strippings have been taken,
unless sold as skimmed milk and from cans
or vessels marked “skimmed milk” on the
top or the upper part of the cans or vessels,

on two sides;

II. The following articles should be
labelled;

1. Canned goods with quality, name, and
address of maker, and marked “soaked,”
if so; .

2. Maple syrup, with exact quality,
name and address of maker;

3. Flour, with quality, name and ad-
dress of maker:

4. Cheese, all full cream as “Michigan
full cream,” with name and address of
maker, all other cheese to be as “Michigan
skimmed. ’ ’

5. All articles consisting of two or more
ingredients, with name and exact percent-
age of each, and name and address of
maker.

III. The following general provisions
should be incorporated into the law as re-
vised:

1. Such inspection as shall secure clean-
liness in all places and processes of manu-
facture or preparation of foods and tend to
prevent adulteration of the same;

2. The proper care of cows and the pre-
vention of improper or unwholesonie feed-
ing of the same;

3. Oleoiiiargarine or butterine not to be
colored to resemble butter;

4. Vinegar to contain no drugs or acids
injurious to health or foreign substances,
and to be branded “cidci'.” “malt,” or “spir-
it," or with name of fruit, and to be uncol—
orcd;

5. I)rugs to be kept up to the standards
laid down in accepted medical works;

0. Liquors to be free from foreign sub-
tances, and of standard strength;

7. No imitation of fruit goods to be al-
I owed ;

8. b'tandar(ls of purity to be adopted for
all articles where possible:

0. The State Analyst‘s certificate to be
/;/-a'/Maj?/z-23» evidence in all prosecutions;

l0. Possession of unlawful goods by any

. dealer or agent, or sample of the same bv

the latter, to be /u-//m/jfi/1-X.»evidence of iii-
tent to violate the law.

I 1. (iuilty knowledge not required tocon-
vict;

1;’. Agents within the sta.tcofparties out-
side the state to be liable:

13. All labels to be plainly printed or
written and placed where they may be
readily seen;

1-l. Penalties for using false or iiupci'fect
or imitated labels. and for removing, alter-
ing or defacing labels, and forfeiture of all
goods with labels in any of the above con-
ditions;

1.3.. Peiialty for first offense to be ade-
quatc fine, for subsequent offenses fine, or
iiiipiisoninciit, or both, in the discretion of
the court;

16. Provisions for the collection of sta-
tistics of dairy products.

IV. The following provisions, if incor-
_porated in the law, would materially iii-
crease its effectiveness:

1. That the state pay the state analyst
a stated salary and furnish a laboratory in
which to do his work, and provide foruthe
proper doing of the work in his absence or
disability;

2. A deputy commissioner or a. chief
clerk with the powers of a deputy, as well
as the necessary clerical help for the de-
partment, and inspectors in sufficient num-
bers to canvass the state thoroughly, with
authority to take samples under proper re-
strictions;

3. The issuing from time to time of bul-
letins showing the results of the work and
their circulation in the state;

4. Authorizing the commissioner to sub-
stitute additional counsel in place of the
prosecuting attorney in cases in which, in
his judgment, better results can be at-
tained.

I recommend that the sum of «‘i*315,(N)0 an-
nually be appro riated for the prosecution
of this work. a7hile at first thought this
sum may seem to be more than is needed,
a knowledge of the facts of the work done,
and the opposition to be encountered and the
benefits to be derived lead me to believe
that that amount is none too large. * *
Every phase of the question pleads for the
suppression of the traffic in impure foods
and drugs, and for ade uate means to ac-
complisli the work. T e example of other
states and the actual benefits derived show
conclusively that no better investment can
be made and that the sum named is not be-

an, ~————-—:—~————-«

yo 1 _the needs of the work. If we coin-
pa ,.,,the interests involved or the benefits
to ajfirue with the other interests of which
the g_ te assumes supervision and for which
it a‘, ropriates money and the amounts so
ap ' priated, we shall find that the sum
' for is certainly not too large.
* * *

oubtedl y the two interests most large-
fed.-by adulterations and imitations
‘ dairy men andfruitgrowers. VVhile
re no oleoniargarine or butterine
s_ in the state, it is known that
\ ticles, cheaply made and in appear-
closely resembling butter, enter
an(l daniagingly into competition
.- legitimate product of the dairy.
_eeseniakers also have to compete
article from which the butter fats
'2 e- taken, and their places supplied
eap substitute. The decision of our
e court gives the former a certain
gin our state, but I believe that
-o be framed so as to confine it to its

place in our markets.

* * *
- the oleomargarine and biitterine
ch dairyuien are forced to compete
the fraudulent practice resorted to
'11 parties of mixing a certain per
of cheap fats with butter,——thc
:4 so far examined show about
-__ r cent—and selling the mixture
. iry butter.
‘X' * -2!-

”'growing comes next to
.  V nce financially,
 . ,fi)l1S‘f1..Il(l imitations.
-'-.’¥ 3%

dairying
as affected by
The markets
are flooded with imitation jel-

lies that, from their cheapness, take the ‘

place of the genuine. Out of all the sani-
ples of this class of goods analyzed, not
one contained a particle of fruit. Of vin-
egar, three samples proved to be cider vin-
cgar.
-X‘ 1‘? *

The present law, while it imposes pen-
alties foi' the adulteration of drugs and
inedicincs and liquors. makes its enforce-
ment the duty of no one in particular. I
believe its enforcement should be put in
the hands of tliedair_v and food conuiiission—
er. \Vhile it would add something to his
work and to the cost of it, it would be less
expensive in that way than under a sepa-
rate systeiii. The importance of the matter
demands that it should be looked after by
someone having ample autliority for the
correction of the evils known to exist. The
importance of having pure medicines caii—
not bc oveicstimatcd. lVithout them dis-
ease cannot be successfully treated.

The Value of Institutes.
HON. (fins. w. (;ARFlEI.l).

For a great many years the state, dis-
trict, and county fairs were the organiza-
tions through which the farmers were
reached by improved methods of breeding
and seeding. These societiesaccomplished
agreat deal in the dissemination of pro-
gressive ideas as applied to the cultivation
of the soil and management of farms. But
they have degenerated into mere places of
amusement, and the one absorbing question
with their iiianagers is how to scheme so
as to pay expenses and premiums and not
run behind. The matter of educating in
bctterniethods of culture is often entirely
neglected.

But a new systeni of education in fai'iii
affairs has rapidly come into vogue in these
recent years; and in our own state we can
see a wondrous change in many ways as a
result of its growth. I refer to the efforts
of farmers’ clubs and fariiiers' institutes.

These organizations lack, in many ways,
of accomplishing all they aim to do, but
each year is making them better and this
work more effective. The county papers
in many places in our state make the reg-
ular farmers’ club reports a feature of
their columns, and the press is so thor-
oughly appreciating the value of our far-
mers’ institutes this winter that the reports
of their gatherings are given a great deal
of prominence in the newspapers.

INSTITUTES THIS VVINTER.

I am greatly delighted with the atten-
dance upon the state institutes this winter.
The interest and enthusiasm are greater than

113}/,' .—i.vo 5110111; 1;E1«‘112s7' /311-120:-F12."

r
4

VVHOLE NO. 459.

ever before. The iiioncv expended by the
the state in furthering this institiite work
is expended with rigid economy, and the
results speak loudly for an increase in the
amount and range of effort in this direction.
Ihave been opposed to large appropria-
tions foi' this purpose until the machinery
was in working order to economically use
every penny of the appropriation directly
in line of the purpose in view. It seems to
me that now we are ready to utilize easily
an appropriation of suflicient amount to
place an institute in nearly every county
in the state.

The people of rural conimunities are
getting to realize that they can have just
as good a time at a farmers’ institute as at
a county fair, and take home with them a
much greater benefit. The programs for
these gatherings are so arranged as to be
attractive to young and old, and the recent
interpolation of tuition in household science
has created an interest among the women
so that they feel there is some excuse for
going beyond dancing attendance upon
iusbands and brothers.

TII E ()UTLO( )I\'.

There is a great future for this plan of
instruction upon rural subjects. Farm
coinmunities are entitled to the advantage
which this scheme of farmers‘institutes can
bring them in lieu of the educational meth-
ods which belong exclusively to villages
and cities. The dissemination of informa-
tion conccrning schools, roads, and farm
and household economics which can be
brought about in no way so thoroughly or
attractively as at these institutes, is stifli-
cient  for the SII'q;ll expenditure by
the state.

Wlhile we are appropriating large sums
for our univei'sit_v, normal school,and agri-
cultural collegc, valuable institutions for
those who can go to them. it is certainly
logical that we should do some technical
educational work for those who cannot
go away to school or college. Our whole
educational sclicmc has for its object the
uplifting of the niass of the people.

To my mind there will be no bill before
the present legislature appropriating
money for aii_v purpose more worthy than
the one providing for farm institute work.

Michigan ought to do all she can to at-
tract pcoplc to life in the couuti'_v. She
has great :l(l\’:Ull.:l,(_{‘('S and great possibilities
in her agriculturc. llcr rural life should
be her pride and c(-.rtainly will be thcsource
of her greatest prospcrit_v. l\'c must
do what we can to stem. the tide toward
our cities. Country life is bcttcr. safei‘,
wiser, and more promising.

I believe the Micliigan legislature is
wise enough to see this and, while practic-
ing a wise economy, will take good care of
oui' fariiicrs’ institutes.

Grmul Rapids.

Salaries.

George .\lcl)ougal presented the follow-
in suppleiiicn1:u'_v report of the special
Uoiiiinittee on Legislatioii, which w
ado )ted by the State (irange:

V ’()]{’I‘Hl' .\lAs'i'i;ic: In times of univer-
sal falling in values, the matter of fixed sal-
aries becomes of great importance. The
purchasing power of a fixed salary is 15 to
:20 per cent iuore this year than it was last.
Salaries that were high enough or too high
ought to be lowered, and those that are too
low, as some of them coiifesscdly are,
should be raised to a just compensation.

\Ve therefore recoiiimend a repeal of the
law which raised the salaries of the justices
of the supreme court from $5,U0() to $7,000,
and the general cutting down of salaries
in all state institutions, including siil)or-
dinates iii the several state departments.
\Ve also recommend an amendment to the
constitution to raise the salary of the attor-
ney general to $3,000 a year, believing
that the interests of the state require as
great learning and ability in the adminis-
tration of that oflice as in the discharge of
the duties of a justice of the supreme court.

J. K. CAMPBELL,
H. D. PLATT,
G1-Jo. McI)oi*eAL.

Notice the (late after your name, and
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Field and §teg,Irg,.,

The Dairy School.

II. I‘). \'A.\' .\'()I{.\lA.\'.

Our dairy school opened with :1 soii1e-
what smaller class than \vas anticipated.
due to hard times and the anticipation t.l1at
another winter we will have a dairy biiild-
ing, a much more complete equipnient.and
the addition of a thorough coiii'se of iii-
struction in cheese making.

The iractical work given the students is
divided into three divisions; first. receiving
the milk (froiii farniersand the College hen I).
weighing, sampling. and testing. similar to
ci'eaiiiery work. Putting together and
i'unning belt and hand separators, handling
and ripening the cream for churning.
Second, the clnirning, working. and pack-
ing the butter rcad_v to ship. Third. the
care and operation of a boiler and engine,
such as are used in a creanier_v. All of
this work is done by the students iiiidei'
the direction of instructors, including the
washing and care of all utensils, which is
an important, though often neglected
branch of the work.

'riii: l)AII.\' wonk.

Each student devotes one half of the day
to one of the three pi'actical branches of
the work, while the remainder is given to
lectures on inanageinent of a creaiiiery,
including problems met. with in every
ci'eaiiiery, such as paying for milk by the
Iiabcock test, apportioning of profits in
the co-operative creaniery. lectures on the
composition of milk, selection, feeding.aiid
breeding of the dairy herd. There have
also been lectures by ex-(iovernor lloardof
“'isconsin on some topics connected with
the dairy. A certain amount of reading
and study is required in addition to the
practical and class room work. Ilaily
practice is given in judging butter for
market.

.\'otwithstanding the fact that our course
has not been advertised, we had sixty ap-
plications for instruction in butter inaking,
to say nothing of numerous inquiries for
instruction in cheese making. \\'e could
not possibly acconimodate this number if
they had come, as our equipment is iiiade-
quate. As we are now situated it requires
the repetition of the pi'actic:1l work six
times before each student has received his
lesson in any one branch and the next les-
son can be taken up. It requires every
lecturer and instructor to go over his work
twice each day, as the division of the class
which has lcctureys in the morning has
practical work in pie afternoon, and vice
versa.

\Vith snflicient room and equipment :1
classof one hundred could be accoinniodated
with little additional expense to the (‘ol-
lege. That the class would be forthcom-
ing is evidenced by the number of appli-
cations receivcd this year of hard times and
without even so nuicli as :1 iie\vspapei' ar-
ticle announcing the openingof the course.

Bl-I'l"l‘I‘Il{ l“.Ql'Il’.\Il-'..\"I‘ .\'l*‘.l-‘.l)l".l).

The interest manifested in clieese-inak—
ing demands the attention of our legisla-
tors. It seems as though the time had
come when .\Iichigan should have a build-
ing and equipment that will enable her to
instruct her biittei' and cheese makers ' in
the best methods of work in their respec-
tive liiies. It this connection the _vouiig
women innst not be neglected. for inuch of
the poor butter produced in this state is
made in small quantities by the farniers'
wives and daughters. They need the in-
structioii as well as the men. This winter,
for the first time, they have taken advaii-
tage of our present course, which is open
both to men and women, young and old.
The ages in the present class range from

17 to 40.
Agricummil Cullcgc.

Handling the Milk Product.

Portion of a paper read at the Farmers’ Institute.
Vvashington. Mich., by t‘. 5. Bartlett. of Pontiac.

The most profitable way to handle the
milk product depends largely upon the lo-
cation with regard to the city consumer.
the natural qualification of the, dairyiiiaii
and the fancy of the pro(luccr, and also the
kind of cows of which the herd is coin-
posed. There are a few rules thatnnist be
observed in order to make a success of
dairying in any of its branches.

A FEW RULES.

First, absolute cleanliness, as nearly as
possible, in the stable, as wellas for the
product from_ the time the milk is drawn to
the time it reaches the consumer in its orig-
inal shape, or is made into fine mellow
cheese, beautiful yellow biitter,or delicious
ice cream. _ _

Second, thorough ventilation of stables,
o~ood,*pure water and, in short, everything
fhat will tend to make the cow more com-
fortable and contented.

Third, the selection of that breed of an-
imals best suited to the particular line_ of
dairying to be pursued. If I were selling

milk to dealers in the city I should aim to "

secure the cow that would produce the
most milk of the required quality from a.
given amount of food consumed; the cow

1
l
1
1

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

that will givea good flow of milk from
nine to twelve months. and go dry not
iuore than three months. and will not lay

V on flesh while producing milk in abun-

. dance.

I never was a friend to the com-
bined machine in any form and the cow’ in
particular. I believe that if a cow is :1

1 «_mod milk producer. the matter of beef

’ est here.

 

ought not to be taken intoconsideration.
.~().\ll-I i‘i<:L'i{i:s.

.\ few ll;1'lll'e:s' in regard to the compar-
ativeprotit to be derived froni ditl'erent
modes of disposing of the dairy product
niay not be uninteresting. I have taken
some p:1iiis to secure froiu leading milk
dealers and cheese makers figures thatl
believe can be relied upon. and will allow
vou to draw vour own conclusions as to
ivliicli is best suited to _voui' locality and
fancy. .\lr. I“rcd \\'ai'nei' of Farinington,
()akland county. has receivedat his factory
from one patron who keeps nine cows So.-
HUH pounds of milk which would net him
about $41 H1, or a trifle ovci' 5-H per cow.
The calf and what butter he will nialte af-
ter the cheese making time is over is esti-
mated to be worth 89 more. This_ will
make in all about 3-'>il pet‘ COW. He :ll>?0
says that the average I'etll1'n.s from
each cow after all expenses of making and
selling have been deducted will be about
$2-iii. ‘So the tii-st man quoted gets $9‘-I
more froiu his herd of cows than the avei'-
age, and about $200 better than the poor-
A strong arguinent in favor of
good cows, good care and plenty of feed
and water. The milk is all taken away
from the house, which greatly relieves the
housewife and gives her more time to
rcadand attend fariners‘ institutes. The
whey is returned to be fed to pigs or
calves.

i~:i=i«'i«:c'i‘ ox Tiii: 1~‘.xR.\i.

It is claimed by some that constant sale
of milk will deprive the land of the ele-
ments necessary to produce it and bone
must be returned to the soil,and they say in
argunient that cows on old dairy farms
will eat every bone they can find. This
claim comes principally from those having
rough land pasture that is fed off e0ntiiiii—
ally and never plowed or‘ niamired. 50,-
MM pounds of milk sold at the prie.es paid
by Detroit milk dealers would bring about
Siioo or about Sloo more than would be re-
alized at the cheese factory. Mr. Child,
who bu_vs extensively at I'tica and Bir-
mingham. tells iiie that he has one patron
who has furnished from thirteen cows 43.’),-
-HT pounds of milk, or an average of ovei'

$30 per cow in a year. -‘.- .

1 

.\‘l-II.I.IN(§ MILK. L

In selling milk one should have :1 cold
water tank to set his milk in, or use an
aerator and thus free the milk from all aii-
imal odors and tastes before shipping or
selling. If I were retailing milk inyself I
should much prefer to handle it in bottles,
as it is much more cleanly and gives bet-
ter satisfaction. lle regular in milking.
If you are retailing. always start out at the
saiue lioui' each day. and when your cus-
tomers can set their clocks coi'i\ec-tly by
your coming, if you are honest and cour-
teous. your success is assured.

.\‘lCI.l.I.\'(: ('l{liA)I.

\\'e are now selling our creani in l’ontiac
at 20 cents a quart, deliveriiigtwice:1 week.
which can be done in cold weatlier if good
care is taken, and the custonier have sweet
cream coiitiiiually. We also supply creain
and ice cream for parties and private use.
The ice cream i'ctails at 2.3 cents a quart
and we get so cents per gallon at whole-
sale. We find this to be the most profit-
able way to dispose of the dairy product
in our particular case. \Ve also carry biit—
termilk aiid butter when we deliver cream,
and, in fact, whatever is w:1iited that we
have to sell.

Tl I Ii Bl ."l"l'l~Il{ I‘‘.\( ‘TO RY .

But the question, how to handle the
dairy product where one is not so fortun-
ate as to be iica.r a cheese factory, shipping
station, or town where he can sell at retail,
is a iuore difficult question to answer, and
still I believe that if rightly nianaged, the
dairy farui can be inade very successful
under these conditions. If there a re
enough good cows that can be reached coi1-
veniently, say iooo within a three or four
mile circle, I believe a butter factory can
be made more profitable for the farmer
than a cheese factory. The great trouble is
that the dairy business needs greater and
nioreconstant carethan the average Micli—
igan farmers are willing to give it. Their ear-
ly education has been different. They raised
wheat and other grains and could take life
easy in winter, and almost everybody goes
to town on Saturday and gets home after
the cows should have been fed and milked;
and early formed habits are hard to cure.
Out of 620 patrons of a leading creamery
of Dickinson county, Kansas, one patron
received last month $1.52 per hundred for
milk, one hundred and fifty—two received
from $1.00 to $1.25, and the lowest price
paid was 7 7% cents, which shows the neces-
sity of care in the selection of cows, feed-
ing, milking, etc. If the average at 97%
cents is profitable, what shall we say of
the man who received $1.52 per hundred '2

cm‘ A SEPARATUR.

, . . .

Ihe milk ‘intended to be made into but-
ter should either be set in deep cans with
106 01' :1 steady flow of very cold water to

' force the cream to the surface. or a centrif-

ugal separato_i' should be used. I believe
the sepz1r:1tor is pi'efei'ablt* as it takes no
longer to sk_ini. You have no setting cans
to wash. _\ on can get more t-1-emu and
have the nice warin skiimned milk to feed to
calves or pigs. Tlieold way of setting milk
1T1])i1n>' or crocks is worse than mowing with
a scythe, for good hay c:1ii be imulé that
“"1": flml first class butter can mif be umile
that way. (‘ream should be gathered
eyery day and churned as soon as it can bc
1'ipened. It can be readily seen that this

plan would save an innnense amomit of I

labor in drawing the milk to and from the
t_:l<'to1'_v and one tcam could do the work of
tive or six and just as good butter can be
made. lhis plan will take the hard and
inonotonous labor of clniriiiiig and working
the butter out of the house.

II(),\l I‘) l).v\II{YI.\'(l.

To the man who cannot have the adv:ui—
tage of the creaniery near by I would sav,
get :1 few good cows, know how nnicli blit-
ter each cow will produce, make only the
best butter by using the most improved
liletliotls. and then sell it to consuiners in
your nearest city at not less than an aver-
age of twenty-five cents a pound. There
 no trouble to get that price or more.
Ihe last year that I was connected with
the Pontiac creainery our butter sold :1t
retail, averaged about thirty cents per
pound. liaise good Jersey or (luernsev
calves from your best cows, and keep no
cow that will not make one iound of but-
ter per day in good feed. \l'e have sever-
al half blood Jersey heifers that have made
for us, according to the churn test, fortv
dollars worth of butter before they were
thirty months old. With wheat ht liftv
cents per bushel, wool at eight cents per
poiind, horses at fifty dollars each, and hay
at. six to eight dollars per ton, what can :1
farmer do that will bring in the ready cash
and still maintain the fertility of the soil
equally with the dairy business!

Farm Fences.
A. '1‘. H'l‘lC\'l-‘..\'.\'.

As springtime approaclies iuany of our
farmers, who are contemplating building
fences, will begin to look about fora fence.
The old rail fence, the most extravagant
fence you ever had on your farm, is worn
out. Your timber supply is becoming ex-
hausted and you will split no more rails:
indeed you would not had yoiitlic timber,
for the fence occupies too iiuich land to
make it a protitable iiivestnieiit at any
price. Farniiiig lands in most parts of oui'
state are of such value, :1iid the returns
from the land are such, that the intelligent
fariner is going to occupy cvei'y foot of
his land that is possible.

.\'I..\'I‘ l~‘l~l.\'(‘l<I.~'.

A few years ago, as the old fences dis-
appeared, o1ii' farincrs built imicli of the
so called "slat and wire" fence. This, to
inakc a fence at all desirable, required
three cable wires or six wires, and then a
slat every six inches. This brings a great
weight on the wires; it catches much wind
which keeps it almost constantly swaying
back and fo1'th, and in :1 short time the
wires at the points of crossing are broken
or very iiuicli weakened. ivliicli causes the
fence to become loose and unsiglitly. Then
too they are the worst fence I ever saw to
bank snow. If you have taken long 1'ides
through the country in the winter. just
after a severe snow storm, have you not
noticed that whei'ever you saw “slat and
wire" fences. you saw snow banks and
blockadedroads! Saying nothing of these
objections, the fence is not econoniical to
build. If three more wires are added and
tive of every six stays are thrown out, I
believe you will have a fence in every re-
spect more satisfactory.

WIRE i‘i:.\'cr.s.

I believe wire fences have come to stay.
Iiy this I do not mean to say it is necessary
for our farmers to purchase the patent
wire fences which are being sold about
the country for 7.3 cents and a dollar per
rod. Not so. In the fall of IMO?) the Col-
lege commenced collecting, for trial, the
Various wire fences which we could find on
the market, and could secure on our terms.
Bv the last of June, 1894, we had not less
than nine of the best then on the market.
These were all put up carefully according
to instructions. Among them we find some
very valuable fences. To these we added
one of our own construction, which has no
patent on it, for you know experiment sta-
tion men are not allowed to atent articles.
So valuable and economical ave we since
considered this fence that we have ut up
over 270 rods beside the first 40 ro s that
were built.

THE COLLEGE FENCE.

When the College has What they believe
to be a good thin it alwa s gives it to the
people, and I wil descri . the fence of
which I have been speaking. You may

FEBRUARY 7, 1895.

l make it of as many wires as vou choose,
'1 depending on L‘lI‘(‘l1lilst;lI)L'e.'\‘.- \\'e have
used nine wires for some and ten for some,
but as there is so little difference in the
(‘<1-<1. we believe it is better to use ten wires.
The top. bottom. and middle wires are of
No. it wire. the interinediatc wires are No.
lo wire. These may be Npaced to satisfv
the purpose for which the fence is intended,
and if it is intended toturnpigs in I would
have the second wire from the bottom. of
hog wii'e, that is, wire with short barbs.
The spaces used by us satisfactorilv ai'e as
follows: The tirst wire is 4 inches from
the ground: the '_’d and iid :1rc each :; inches
:l}):l1't‘. the 4th and .‘»tli:1rc each I incliesztlie
¢it_h is .'> inches:thc Ttli isti inches: the nth is
7 inches; the ‘Jtliis H inches; and the Ioth is
‘.0 inches from the respective wii'cs below
tliciu. This gives us :1 fence with the top
Wire 321 inclies from the ground. The
spaces are then. grt>1iii<l—4~::-5:--I-4-.‘.—i:—7-8-1!
l!l('ll4}.~‘.

II( I\\' lil'II.T.

. The stays we use are 2 inch pinc 2.5
inches wide and long eiiongli to l]:i\'(- (hum
extend an inch above and below the out-
side wires. Thesc are put on li\'c to the
panel. the posts being 2” feet apart. Tlicv
:l1i'c tlastened 1(1) tlllt‘ top and bottom wires
iv I()l'lIll_":| me {bro I)’ 1 _.—, ~,
aii inch froin each end. ”Tllii'iihgli1lhislllfhlllei
and astride the ll()1'l’/.()lll:ll \\‘ll'(‘,.:l wire clasp
is passed, the clids of which are
brought back around the edges of the
the stay and wound tirmlv around the
lioriaontal wire as close to 11.9. qay 3,-
possible. This clasp or loop is made-of a.
piece of No. I-Ior Iii wire about .\ inches
long doubled togetlici'. These iiiav be
made at home on rainv davs :1nd thus time
that might otlicrwise be lost will be util-
ized. The interinediate wi1'cs are fastened
to_thc stays by staples made of No. H
wi1'e and just long enough to go through
and clinch :1 little when driven down tight-
ly. F

The staples that hold the liorizontal wires
to the posts should be not less than 1.5 incli-
es long if cedar posts are used. :1iid should
iievci' be driven so tiglitlv that the wire
cannot pass freely through them, for in a
few months you will want togo to the liai'd—
ware store and get soiiietigliteiiers. Such as
those used by the Ilomer fence conipanv
are good and will not cost more than it
dollar for :1 set of ten. These will tighten
:1 Ho rod strip and keep it in good con-
dition.

(X-\I‘Tl( INS.

In building wire fence do not make the
common inistake of getting small. short,
end posts and setting them '_*.’_ or 2: feet in
the ground. Much caution needs to be
used here. More strain comes on this part
of the fence than anywhere else. Then get
good oak, if you use wood posts, have
them sawed sxs inches and cut them H or
5.3 feet long so that they will go into the
ground not less than :21 feet: near the
bottom spiked to the sides of the post. liave
some ancliors made ofzxls three feet long.
Then see that the dirt is well stamped, at
the bottom especially. It is also better. I
think, if you can bore holes through the
end posts for the wires to pass tlirough.
This will bring the strain or the fence on
the ceiiter of the post :1iid will not have that
teiidciicy to twist the post and loosen it.
which often occurs in loose sandy soils.

Fence of the kind above described, with
cedar posts. need not cost more than tliirty-
five cents per rod besides the building, and
this c:u1 be done by almost anyone. There
is no work about it any farmer cannot do,
for we had students do all the work in 11111:-
ting up that which we now have on the
(‘ollege farm, and it is good enough for
any farm.

.-lgn'iriLltuI'al College.
A New Aid to Education: Travelling
Libraries.

\\'e may say that 25,414 Ht books have been
read as a result of the travelling libraries.
They have been good books and have left
their uiark on a multitude of niinds. These
libraries have everywhere promoted an in-
terest in good reading, and have already
led to the establisliiiieiit of some iiiiport—
ant local libraries. They have been cor-
dially received and are more in demand
now than ever before. As a public iiivest-
ment they have fully vindicated the wis-
dom of their projectors and have proved
worthy of the continued interest of the
state. The system admits, too, of indefi-
nite enlargement. Special-subject libra-
ries may be multiplied as fast as they are
wanted; and the addition of general libra-
ries can keep pace with the publication of
good books. The state of New York can
well afford this offer of books to her citi-
zens, which is at once generous and, in the
highest sense, profitable; and the plan is
confidently commended _ to the consider-
ation of other states. —— Wm. B. Ithstman
in January F07-mu.

“What is the meaning of all this talk
about an elastic currency '4” “I suppose
it is some scheme to help a man stretch
hisljlrlicome so as to make both ends meet. ”
—— ck.

4)

wage, ’/Hams" - '.,.,___,

  
  
    
 
  
  
 
  
  
    
 
  
   
    
   
   
   
    
   
  
    
  
  
 
 
  
   
   
    
    
   
   
   
  
   
     
   
  
 
   
  
     
 
    
   
    
 
   
   
  
   
  
  
   
  
   
  
  
    
 
    
   
 
   
    
  
    
   
 
    
  
   
    
   
   
     
 
   
  
   
    
  
   
   
    
    
   
   
  
   
  
     
     
       
     
       
   
       
     
         
         
         
   

 

  
  


  

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9'5

a look. the substituting :1 smile fora frown.

FFBRUARY 7, 1895.

THE GRANGE -IVIS-ITOR.

I161/0111111115 I Wear.

Songs of Seven.

SPVPII Times Thro-P——LoVe.

I leaned out of the window. I .-‘mi-It the white clover.
Dark. dark was the geirileii. I saw not the i.::1te:
".\iow. if tlii-re be f:iot,s-tops. he eoines. my one lover-~
Hil-*'lL HiL*litinL’:1le. hush! 0. -"went iii,«;I1tiii.:.iIe, wait
Till I listen and IIl,*t|I'
If :1 step ilrmv:-tli lll‘ilI'.
For my love he is late!
“The skies in the (iJll'l(llf‘>‘.~‘ .-toopiii-:ir1~r:1i11l iii-iirer.
A cliister of 3'3-‘IFS hangs like fruit in the tree.
The fzill of the \v:1t1-r coin:-s .~‘Wi>el:-i'.(:¢)1IIi*.~' eh-nri-r:
To wliat art thou listeiiiiigt. and what dost thou -'v~-V.’
Let the star ('lll~II‘l‘~‘ urow.
Let the swl»--~I; \\':1t1-rs flow
.\nd cross riiiirtkly to me.
“You night moths that liovcr \\'Ilf‘r1‘Ill|llV‘X l)[‘III'i> over
From s)'c:1iiiore lll0<.~’4)Ill.~'. or .-'1-ttlc or sleep:
You glowworiii.-. shine out. und the p:1tI1w:i_v discovv-r
To him that CUIHII’-' llHI'l(lIlll!! :1I<iiLu T!l"‘ “'UL:li -1.-r-p.
,\ i.ni,vs:1i or. mu 1- 1:1.-‘ti-.
For the time runs to \v:1stc.
And my IU\'1‘Il.(‘Ill dc:-p —
“Too do-up for swifttclliuizzziiidyi-1. in_voiii.-lovi-r.
I‘ve coiiiii-,1IHi«-e :iii:1iisw1-r.it waits thee toiiiuht."
By the sycziniore p:-.s'<i-«I lie, and tliron::li the white <‘low:i‘.
Tlieu :ill the sweet .-‘pm-1-Ii I had fusliioiicil took fliizhiz
But I'll love him niori-. mar»-
'llli:1ii 1-'1-r wit‘:-lo\'1-«I I11-fiire.
I51-tlii-il.'1.\‘.sil1irk or l)I'If..’Ill.

Ji;\.\ I‘<1::;i,in\.

Aims for Spare Moments.
in~:i.i.i-: si'Ti-‘ix .\iooi<1«:.

Iiveryhody should h:1\‘e :1iii1s in lifc-~
aims in work :1iid :1ii1isiii play, :1nd aims
also for the spare inonicnts.

\\'ould we only do :1sinucli thinking :iiid
pl:1iii1iiig for the spare time here :1nd thcrc.
S:Ln(I\\'lt‘llC(l hetween lahors of the d:1_v. as
we do for the regiihir d:1_v‘s work. how
much we might accomplislil .\Iist:1ke me
not. please. I refer not to the doing of :1
greater :1ii1oi1iit of ni:inu:1l lahor. not to the
work helonging to house :1nd ticld. hiil to
the iiiiproveiiieiil of head :1iid l1e:1rt. I will
say heart :1nd head. for :ii1 ed1ic:1ted lie:1d
:1loiie is not :1lw:1ys fair to sec. hut an edu-
c:1ted he:1rt-—wh:1t can he more hcautiful!

\Vhen we stop to consider that one little
Iiour out of each da_v. b'ii1iil:1_vs excluded.
would in sixty years amount to one thous-
and. one hundred and seventy four \vork—
ing d:1ys of sixteen hours each. even the
husiest l:1horer is led to exclaiin. ".\Iy
vague dreiinis shall he realized. my life-
work sh:1ll he accomplisliedI"

“Ihen :1 child my mother gave me an iii-
centive to the iinproveinent of spare iiio-
iiieiits h_v rel:1tii1g an incident of her child-
Iiood. She often went \vitl1 her father to
the ticlds, following the cr:1dlc with :1
hand r:1kc.hclping raketlie grain re:1dy for ,
hinding. .» hook was her conipzinion.
Placing the hook on :1 stump. (the coi1i1tr_v
was new) she czirefully read over :1 portion.
then leaving her hook. she went her
."‘i_'oiind." not only to rake gr:1in. hut also
to digest wli:1t she Ii:1d re:1d. Cach “round”
this was repeated, readiiig during her rest
moments. :1iid digesting wli:1t she li:id read
while working. At fourteen she hcgan
teaching.

This item of digesting wl1:1t we read is
ii1iport:1i1t as reg:1rds sp:1rci11oi1icnts. \\'e
do not then take more at :1 time than c:ii1
he easily :1iid heziltliily digested. ()vcr-
loading.A-tilling up with "tr:1sl1"--—will
soon cause iiiei1t:1l d_vspepsi:1. IAOZIVU
“t1':1sl1"aIoiic. The Farni Ilomc I'{e:1<'ling
Circle is composed of good hooks if new
ones are desired. lteading of :i.ny good
hook tends to iinprovement.

Now. while you are utilizing spare ii1o-
ments for the ciiItiv:1tion of the head. do
not, I pr:1y you, neglect the heart. These
spare moments may he great cl1:1r:icter
builders. An a1'ii1 to the weary. an open
hand to the needy, a visit to the sick——these
we expect to do: hut the little things~—the
things of the leisure moments are the ones
which tell most on the heart. Just :1 word,

the repression of an iinp:1tient word! Oh!
how heaiitifiil we might he if we would
but rightly cultivate the heart.

The reading of nature. the siinset. the
heavens. even the bare and leafless trees.
and the earth with her frozen and piilseless
breast wrapped in a snowy shroud—a si-
lent lesson of death and resiirrection——:1Il.
when rightly read, make pi1i'er. sweeter.
nobler the heart of man.

Moscow.

Kindergarten.
The First Gift “'ith its Aeconipiuiyiiig Occupation.
HATTIE L. MOORE.

A great many times during the past five
years’ of my study of kindergarten this
question has been asked me. “\\'hat is
kindergarten!" I answer. it is the study
of nature and its laws. From a pedogogic
standpoint it is an effort to present to the
child the right objects at the right time,
in the right sequence and in the right way.

1. The right objects at the right time.
I think you will agree with me that the
education of a child begins at the dawn of
consciousness. The first object presented
to a child.must be a unit, because the child’s
simplicity must be met with simplicity,
otherwise his mind would become confused.
In all natural developments the idea of
unity precedes the idea of variety. From
the simple to the complex is a law uni-
versal.

2. In the proper sequence. The first
object should be a complete whole. VVhy?
Because division weakens impression; com-

’: 3. In the right w:1y. The first ohject

must he one that will give the child pleas-
ure. :1nd through his ple:1s1ire stimulate 
activities. The n:1tur:1l impulse of :1 child
is to reach for :1i1 ohject presented. ‘[0 1.11‘
vestigate its properties. to search o11t its
invsteries. If the ohject is not ple:isur:1hIe.
this impulse diesandoiiretfort to stiiniilate
is iiiisiiccessfiil. I,’rcderick Froehel. the
: father of kiiidergiirtcii. oh.-'erved that the
h:ill was :1lw:i_vs given to the child . in the
nurscrv: that whetlicr in :1 swinging or
rolling motion. or clasped in the h:ind. _I1
gave the child plea-'11i'c:1iid stiiniilated his
‘ :ictivities. So he gave us six soft. <‘Ul"1'0"l.
worsted halls for our Iirst o|;.l"’(t ()1. ~‘s”Ift-
Ile dctiucs the word gift as :1 pl:1ytl1ii1g:
soft hec:iuse more ple:isii1g to the touch of
the little child: colored hec.-uisc things in
nature are colored. hence the priin:1r_v and
secoiidziry colors are used. Ile also cliose
it liecaiisc of its simplest form. and the one
fi'oiii which :1ll otlicrs iii:iy he derived: of
its .s‘lIll])lI<,‘lI_\' to the iinileveloped mind.
:11id its coiiip|c.\'it_v to the developed mind.
:ii1d of its coiiipletciicss as :1 whole. \\'ith
the proper prescnt:1tioii of this oh_iect_ the
child is easily led from unity to v:1i'icty.
from siiiiplicity 1ocou1plc.\'ii_\’. from 11111:-
ness to iiianifoldness. The salient ch:ir:1c—
tcristic of this gift is form. the :iccideiit:1l
one is color. Ist. as to form. If the child
is f:1r enough :idv:uiced to know that the
hall is round he will promptly give you
tli:1t zinswcr to your lirst question. Then
you will coniparc it to ohjects of siinilar
form :1iid then those of contrzisting form.
.lohnnic. c:1ii you think of :inytliing round
like your hall! A iiiarhle. :1ii apple. :1
clicrry. my head. the sun. :1iid ni:iny other
olijccts. Tlicii coiiip:1re 21s to color. we
will say the h:ill is red. the clierry :1nd :1p-
plc are red like iii_v h:1ll. tli:1t pretty gera-
nium. l“:1iii1ie‘s<li'ess. the te:1chcr's ncck—tic:
then look for coiitrastiiig colors. Thus
from d:1y to d:iy this simple little h:ill in-
creases the child's desire to study. :iiid on
his w:1y home from kiiidcrgartcii he will
tind soinetliing round like his h:1ll. :1i1d the
next morning will w:1nt to tell you :1hoiit
it l)(.‘f()I'C hc thinksto say "(iood inorning."
.-‘is kindei'g:1rten is the foundation of iii:1i1—
u:1l traiiiing. let us dwell for 11 few i1io—
inents upon the occiip:1tioi1stli:1t :1rcclosel_\'
connected with the ohjccts that we li:1ve
just talked :1ho1it. The work must hi-sini-
ple: :1 little child could not knit or crochet
:1 h:ill that would he so complex. so we
will first place hcfore the child :1 dotted
circle dr:iwii upon :1 piece of hristol hoard.
placing :1 pricking needle in the l1:1i1d
:1iid the card upon :1 pricking p:1d. he
takes the tirst lesson in perforatiiig. which
is considered the first link in the cI1:1ii1 of
occiipatioii. The first ohjcct of this occ1i-
piition is togive steadiness to the eve and
liiind. :3d. to train the eye to dctcrinine
<llr‘~l:1llc(‘>'.. lid. to create ll:ll'Il1()l]l()ll.s' tig-
iircs in the w:iy which requires le:1st tech-
nical skill. ‘

The next occupation would he sewing
tl1:it circle with one of the pri11i:1i'y colors.
then to cr:i_von it with the szime color. I
hope you do not think this is :ill done in
one day: it would take some time for :1 lit-
tle child to :icco1i1plisli as much. Tliev
must not he kept :it one occ1ip:itioii until
they :irc tired. There are nianv other oc-
cup:1tions connected with this gift, hut
I must take time to mention onlv one
more. Clay modeling d:1y is :1lw":1vs :1
gala d:1y with the little ones. \\'e usiiallv

1l:1n for this occupation once :1 week’.
Vith this we model the hall, head. cherry‘,
apple. etc.. t:1king :1 step higher e:1cIi time.

In this occup:1tion. as well as in all oth-
ers. the child tinishes his work as the teach-
er directs, then he e:1i1 act at his own pleas-
ure iii making what he likes out of the re-
mainiiig ii1:1teri:1l. This hrings oiitw:1rd
that which is hidden within‘ the child.
\Vith the gift or ohject we gain knowledge,

with the occupation we produce know-
ledge. lhe test of success in the work he-

tween gift and occiip:1tion is reproduction
of impression received through the gift in
the occupation.

Medina.

Paying the Price.
Tui-: i*ii1i.osoriii:i1.

tfeeils gerniinate only when air. he:1.t,:1nd
moisture. each in proper proportion. are
present. Young :n1iin:1Is thrive only when
the elements of bone :1nd inuscle are given
them in :1 digestible form. By no device
nor inachine can that which is called energy
be increased; for man creates no forces. e
merely utilizes the forces he discovers.
Thus we do not go far into the realms of
science hefore we learn that in order to ac-
complish a desired end we must fully
obey certain inexorable laws we must pay
the price. There is good reason to be-
lieve that this tremendous fact, which
stands guard at the portals of science,ruIes
in every department of the great cathedral
of truth; for into whatever‘ recesses men
have searched, they have inevitably report-
ed that they heard there the same com-
mands to obedience.

 

VVe have but to look around us to learn
that most men pay the price of material
prosperity. T e majority of those who

l stances have :1tt:1inedthis position h_v hard .’ diers.

J work and ecoiioiny_

()n the other hand
many who ar

 

l  P001‘ hecaiise they are spcndthrifts
I lthey do not save their 0:

‘VHIB "=1.‘—’"=lI11st t1i..t.1.iy.“ It is
. tl|(‘I'e are fortunes :1ii1:1ssed in dishonor an.
I

1

I

.

fcorriiption, hut I hi-licve tli:1t in lIlUl'(

J cases than we think. wealth is the legiti-

nizitc rcsiilt of the riglit use of the hr:1iii<
I hclievc that most
"W" l’”." ll1t‘]>1'icc that fortune 1len1:1n1 ls of

God has given us.

those on whom she licstows ll(‘I'f:l\'l11',s,

of Latin. o11r inst ructor g‘:1\'(-
l't‘il.<l. "No \'ictoi'y without toil." I
pose tli:it this pi-overh w:1s
sc1'\'e hoth as w:1rniug :1iid (‘IIW>lII':l11'(‘IH(‘]]l
in the tliorny path I '
v(‘lltCl'lIl‘<_*‘. (_‘crt:1inlv its truth \\':1s
proved hcfore my for.-iv into the
of (‘:1es:1r li:1d ended. ‘And I :1i1ipei'sii:1ded
tliatnoinaii \\’:isevci' victor ovcrhis ignor-
:1i1ce unlesshe "toiled upw.-ird in the night. "
tigiu':1tively.ifi1otlitcr:1ll_\j. \\'<-are inclined
to attrihiitc the success of others to their
“siii:1i'tness." or to their ":ihili1\'." or to
tlieir "gci1ius.“ according to thi- iiic:isiii'c
of their 21(,'IlI(‘,\‘(‘lll(‘lll. llouhtlcss some are
iiiorc liherally endowed than otliers with :1
good <pi:ilit_v of hrains. hut c\'c1'\' <_>'rc:it
thinker or close student will :1sci'ihc his
success to l1:1rd work. II:1s not one of
these 1ii:1sters even said that "(lcniiis is hut
the c:1p:1city for li:ird work 6" ,»\n\' voung
ii1:1ii who "w:1uts to he s(1lI1(‘l111(l_\-'"l Illllsi
pay the price~-tlicre is :ihsoli1tcly no other
way. A fortune m:i_\' he gained hy specu-
ulation. hut knowledge comes not :11 such
:1 call. I

:1mply

I helicvc that the s:unc l:iw holds in the
dom:1in of iuorzils. though perh.-ips the
scopeis not so well detiucd. I’:-oplc :1rc coi11—
ing to see more :iiid niore clearly that it is
not hy some n1:1r\'cl that men grow in
grace. hut rather hy seeking pi'opcr moi-:1]
:ii1d spiritinil noiirislunent. \\'cin1ist heed
this l:1w or we shall come to :1 spiritii:1l
condition :11i:ilogoiis to st.-1rv:itioi1. “I
li:1ve 1iie:1t to e:1t that _vc know not of“ is
the statenient of the l:iw of growth in the
spiritual world. \Vc must earn the food
:ii1d p:1rt:1kc of it if we grow. :1iid we need
not he siirpriscd if. some day. the truth
flashes upon us that the l:1w is just as rig-
orous here :is it is in the rcalins of the 111:1-
te1'i:1l :1iid the mental. Ilere. as elsi-wliei'e.
if we wish the reward we imist p:1_v the
111-1:-1.-1. 

The Uses of Hot Water.

The hest metliods of using hot w:1tcr are
as follows: For spraiiis of the ankle :111d
wrist or :1i1_v joint the part should he tlior—
oiiglily \o:1kcd for half an hour at :1 time.
night. :1i1d iiioriiiiig.iii very hot w:1tcr.writcs
A. .\I:1rcy. M. I).. in :1 very v:1lu:ihlc list
of "l)oinestic llousehold Iteincdies“ in the
.l:1nii:1r_v /.1/1//'1/.-' //mm -//I///‘HI//. :\nyone
s1it'l'ering from :1 severe sprain will not re-
quire more than the lirst soaking t.o coli-
vince them of the :1dv:1nt:1ge of hot over
cold water. A flannel h:ind:1ge should he
:ipplied tirinly after each tre:1tnient. For
hruises very much the sainc method should
he followed. :1lthough the :1pplic:1tion need
not he continued for so long :1 time. For
wounds and so1'es the hest inetliod is to drip
or pour for :1 few niinutes. For stycs and
inflamed eyelids, :1nd even for sore eyes.
use water as hot as c:1n he horne hy sop-
ping. To stop hlceding. very hot water
applied to the r:1w siirface will he found
etiicacious. For many forms of dyspepsia
and hiliousiiess. p:1rtic1il:1i'ly :1 c:1t:1rrl1:il
condition of stoiiiach. :1 gohlet of Iiot
water, drunk after :1 nigl1t‘s fasting. will
give relief. For continued application in
the form of :1 poiiltice. as in catarrli of the
hreast, pleiirisy, piie1ii1ioi1i:1. etc.. :1 jacket
of cotton h:1ttii1g wrung out in very hot
water hy inezins of :1 towel. :1iid covered
with oiled silk or waxed paper, should he
used.

 

The Difficult Seed.

A little seed lay in the ground.
And soon began to sprout: __

“Novv which of all the flowers around.
It mused, “shall I come out? ’

The lilyis face is fair and proud.
But just a trifle cold;

The rose. I think. is rather loud.
And then. its fasliion's old.

But not a flower I’d choose :
Nor yet the Canterbury hell-
I never cared for blues.

Petunias are by fal‘ t00 lyright.
And vulgar flowers beside: _

The primrose only blooms at night.
And peonics spread too wide.

And so it criticised each flower,
This supercilious seed;
Until it woke one summer hour
And found itself a weed.
—MILDEED HO\\'ELLS, in St. Nicholas.

Straws.

At the age of two or three years the in-
stinct of investigation in a. child begins to
show itself. He tears to pieces his doll,
smashes to pieces his toy bank, cuts holes

plexity overpowers simplicity.

are in what are termed comfortable circum-

o

h . 9 l"’f’1'~ ‘mfl W110. hccaiise of  :1nd
t en poverty. r:1il continually at the rich.

irniugs. nor pro-
true tli:1t

I renicniher that when I l1('f":lI] the .~'lllil\' ‘

_ _ us :1 I.:itiii
}>1‘0\'(‘I'h. \\'l11<'h. hcing lihcr:illy lI':lllsl.‘ll(:(l. 4

_ slip-
intcndcd to

upon which we were

lziiigiiagc

The violet is very well, I

It isa critical period. This ii11port-
. 1 ant instinct is the l):.l.~‘is' of iii:itl1ein:1tic:1I
scientific resc:1rcli: without it iii:1n
would have n1:1de hut little real pi-ogi'es-.-.
.  It needs only to he led in the p:1tIi of con-
struction r:ithcr than destruction.

Instead of v:1inl_v tr_\'ingto .s'lli)])I'(‘.~'.\‘ this
I iiihorii power. guide it ariglit. (live Iiiiii
‘ dolls he can dress :1i1d iiii1li'ess. wagoiis he

can t:1kc:1p:1rt and put Iogctlier. toy liorses
to he li:11'i11-sscil and hitched to v:irious ve-
hicles.:iiid hlocks that iii:1_v he used in many
styles of :ircliitccturc. The more he
c:ii1 invent and inzike that which isdistii1cl-
V l_\' his own. the happier he is.

It is the divine right of c.-ich liiii11:i11 he-
iug to constriict :1nd rccoiistruct in his own
way \\lH'lI that way docs not iiitcrfcrc with
the i'igli1s or propcrty of otlicrs. Tliis dc-
. >lI'<‘ lo create is one of the hest cvitlciices

that iii:iii is iuzide in the ini:i-_~'c of his (‘rc-
‘ .-itor. I 1-‘. 1'. ii.

1

Fred and His Cousins.

I“rcd is :1 city ho_v. llc never \\':lslIl the
countr_\' until last _\'('.‘ll'. Ile spent the sum-
mci'\':1c:ition:1t his tii‘:iiidiii:1 >'toiic'st':1ri1i—
liouse. The great out ofilooi-sw:1s:1ll new
I :iiid very straiigc to him. llc asked i1i:1i1v
«pit-er ipicstioiis. llis coi1ii1i'_v (‘Hll.~'lll.>‘
thought iu:1n_\' of them were foolish «pics-
tions. Ile :1skcd if the hircli trees h_\‘ the
spriiigslicd thcir skins e\'er_\' year: if :1
i niuskr:1t could climh:1s' high as :1 s1piii'i'cl:
 :1i1d lie rc:illy did hclicve that cows g:1\'c
 skim milk. and that hcans grew iu1dcr—
ground.

“A city hoy docs not know Illl|('ll.“ his
coiisiiis said to one :mother when I“ri-il \\':1s
not there to limit‘: hut (Ir.-indin:i would say.
"\\':1it :ii1d scc." '

(ir:uidni:i wanted some skiillcap hcrh
one day. .\'kullc:ip tc:i shc niust have for
:1 \'er_\‘ sick nciglihor. Slic sent the cl1il—
dren into the iiic:i<lows:1nd woods to scarcli
l for it. .\i1l)(‘11flll(‘lll knew the licrh or
where it grew. ".\ little hlue llower with
:1 peaked green leaf.” was all (ir:11idiii:i
could tell thcm ofthc hcrh.

.l:ick cxuiic home with :1 hig hunch of lo-
hcli:1. Iiucy with w.-itcr weeds. .lc:1n. gen-
ti:iu llowers. the twins with :1ii :1ru1ful
of snake gi':iss; hut I"rcd c:1mc with his
hands full of skullcap hcrh.

"Ifouud itdowii in the south s\\’:1iup.
(il':llIIll1l:l." lies.-iid. "l l1:1d l‘(‘.‘1(l of it in
iiiyhot.-1i1_v.and I knew it theminiite I saw
it."

"Ilc does know soiiictliing." the cousins
whispered. :iiid (lr:1ndui:i said. “I told you
to w:1it :ii1d see."

One evening‘ (ir:1nvln1:1 took :1 lighted
; l:1iiip :1nd went into tli‘(:sl1cd cliaiiihcr for
] :1i1otlicrcheese hoop. Jack :1iid .Ic:1ii :1nd
it I“r(-d went with her. filic stepped on :1

loose ho.-1rd. It tipped and the |:1i1ip Ilew

from gr:1nilni:i‘s h:1nd. The oil spilled :111d
c:iught tire. and in :1 moment tli:it end of
the shed cliamher w:is :ill :1hl:17.c. (ir:1nd—
111:1 screzinicd for water :uid (ir:1ndp:1 :1iid
the hoys r:iii for it to dash over the llaiiies.
hut I“rcd shouted "don't. don't. donitl

Ilc cziuglit :1 sliovcl froin the floor.
scooped it in :1 harrcl of meal. :1i1d tlirew
shovclful after shovclful of the damp stull'
upon the tlanies. The tire was :ill out when
the hoys came pulling iipst:iirs with pails
of w:1ter.

l)on'tI I)on‘t throw \\':li(‘l' on oil tlanies.
for it spreads the tire.“ l“rcd said. "Our
te:1cl1cr told us ahout it. I):1sh on flour.
me:1l.s:1lt. c:1rtli.di'essii1g. woolen clothing,
rugs. hut never water.“

“I<‘red saved our house this time. :1i1d no
iiiistzike.” (lr:indp:1s:1id. looking at the
scorclicd floor and wall in the open cl1:1in—
hcr. “The tiinhers :1iid hoards :1re :1s dry
:is tinder. :1iid hung with evcrytliing that
would c:1sily catch tire. l\':1ter would l1:1ve
spread the tlaiiies :1nd hurned the house."

"City hoys do know :1 whole lot," Jack

I whispered to .Ie:1n, sliding down the shed
E ch:1ii1hcr st:1irs.—- /////‘ /,1’/i//» .l/rn 1/ /1 1/
l

II I’//H’H .

Puzzles.

I [.\l] re:i1l1ars of Tiii: ('ii1.\.\’oi~: Visiroiz are invited to con-
; tribute and send solutioiis to this 1l1~p:1rtii1ei1t. .\ildress

all coiiiiiiiiiiiczitions rclzitiiuz to piizzles to 'I‘Iiom:is: .\. Mil-
" Iar, 1700. 12th Street. Di-.troit. l\Il(‘lll{.$t|ll.l

No. ‘.371.

. ()re.()rg:1n. Hair. .\'.
soi.\'i~:i:s.

Ilramzi-r. N. E. T.. Lily May; all complete.

Solutions to puzzles J:1uui1i'y Ii.

Zfti, Th!)
Jiiveiiili-s. ‘.27 O
.

Di-ar.

_;1~l’,i'ra;/ml.

FRUM THE Tor---1..\ letti-,r.
spread. 4. Watcliful.
—-A .\'wi:etl1eart.

2. .\ niiine. 3. To over-
 Tr:1nsp:irenc_v. (‘i-;xriuLs nowx.

32- C ri7.r_r war: I .

In duck. not in lieu.

In women. not in men.

In aim. not in tire.

In wheel. not in tire.

WHOLE makes :1 spleiidiil fire.

Po/ztiiu‘, /llir/1. N. P.:T

_;3~1Vumcri:a/ .

9. 2, 4, is a weight. 1, 6.5.8.7. an ancient Israelite. 3. 6. 9. a
covering for the head. TOTAL is an ancient Exglorer.
Sand Bea:/'1. /W1:/1. ‘RANGER.

PRIZES.
Fargfirizcs 52:: lay! nu mber.
THE MAIL BAG.

Subscribe! only fifty cents a year.

Answers to puzzles in this number of GRANGE VISITOR
must reach us not later than Feb. 19. N. E. T. (of Pontiac)
and Granger of Sand Beach) have sent us excellent
batches of uz es. thanks, do not let us et out of our

uzzles. ith, Lucinda S. Guyer, A. . Carroll, _ rs.

iidge. Gertrude Brooks, Ann L. Cherie , Grace B., Oliver
Omega, Fred Carter. Granite Poser. an eve other reader
please send us some puzzles. also solve. emember we

ofier a prize (novel) for largest and best batch of puzzles,

in his aprons, and breaks his wooden sol-

so let every person send us a batch. NANCY LEE.

..~.......».. “.1. .

   

  
 
     
   
   
     
 
      
      
     
     
       
     
    
       
    
         
     
 
       
     
 
 
    
       
     
  
       
     
   
     
  
     
  
  
   
  
  
    
 
  
     
 
   
 
 
 
    
    
  
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
 
 
 
  
    
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
  
    
    
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
 
   
   
    
  
      
 
  
   
    
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
    
    
  
   
 

   
     
   

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v— a saw.’

  
  
    
        
    
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
         


 

 

   
   
     
 
  
  

 

      
  
   
  
   
   
   
 

 

  
 
  
  
  
 
 
  

 

   

4

THE GRANGE YISITQR

CHARLOTTE , MIOH.

The Oflicial Organ of the Michigan State Grange.

Published on the First and Third Thursdays of Each Month

Enrronr:
KINVOII L. Burrzm-:u.p. Lansma, MICH.

3‘To whom all exchanges and all articles for publication
should be sent.

MANAGI-ins AND PRINTERS:
Pzmrv J MCGRATM, Cmuuorrz. Mien.
To whom all subscriptions and advertising should be sent.

TERMS 50 Cents E Year, 25 Cents for-Six Months.
In Clubs of 20 more 40 Cents per Year each.

Subscriptions ayable in advance. and discontinued at
expiration. un ess renewed.

E"Remittanc-es should he by Registered Letter. Money
Order or Draft. Do not send stamps.

3"l‘o insure insertion all notices should be mailed no
later than the Saturday preceding issue.

Entered at the Postoflice at Charlotte. Mich., as Second
Class matter.

¢ 
E'NEx'r ISSUE FEBRUARY 21.

Pour in the Petitions.
In our last issue we urged Granges to
pour in the petitions and resolutions favor-
This bill

will not unlikely be before the House next

ing the farmers‘ institute bill.

week, and it is very essential that action
be had at once. “'9 therefore urge you,
Patrons, to take such action, if you have
not already done so:

1. Passa resolution favoring the bill,
and send a copy to each of these three per-
sons: Hon. A. T. Linderman, Lansing,
your senator, and your representative, at
Lansing;

2. Draw upla petition favoring the bill
and get signers from leading farmers out-
side the Order, and send to your represen-
tative;

3. Be sure that your Iiiost influential
members and farmers write personal let-
ters to your representative favoring the
passage of this bill.

This is your bill. All
you need to do is to let your legislators
know what you want.

Do not delay.

I M,_ _

Our forms close too early for a report of
the State Association of Fariners’ Clubs,
which met in Lansing this week.

Grumbling %, work  that’s a good
formula to express the facts in the case of
several grumblers we happen to know.

It is very strange that men will come to
Grange and refuse to take part in any ex-
ercises that they may be asked to join in.
VVhat is the Grange for if not to develop
men?

As a rule the most successful farmers
are those who carry on their work in a
business—like way. Shiftlessness and care-
lessness are responsible for a great dealjof
failure in this world.

 

So many young men and women seem to
have no idea of what they are living for.
The Grange is not for these, unless it be
to inspire high ambitions within their
souls. The Grange is most useful to those
who wish to make the most of life.

 

Three Queries.

VVerc you a delegate to State Grange
last December ’!

Did you agree to write a personal letter
to your representative urging the} passage
of the pure food bill ;’

Have you done it?

 

Agriculture in Scotland.

Mr. Alfred R. Locke contributes an in-
teresting article to this issue of the VISITOR
on “Agriculture in Scotland. Mr. Locke
is a graduate of the Agricultural-College.
class of’ 91, and is deputy consulj~ofDthe
United States at Glasgow. Mr. Locke pro-
mises another article in the future, bearing
on some phase of rural life in Scotland.

The Township Unit.

In another column we give a very brief
outline of the proposed township unit
school bill. It will be seen that one or
two objectional features of former pro-
positions are removed. Villages and the

apportioned according to appraised valu-
ation of school property in each district;
and township lines for school purposes will
not cut existing fractional districts.

VVhether these provisions will do away
with all objections is the meat of the sub-
ject for discussion.

Also What We Eat.

We publish in another column an ab-
stract of the last report of the dairy and
food commissioner. His recommendations
are practically embodied in Mr. Redfern’s
bill which we mentioned in our last issue.
It is for every Patton's interest to make
himself familiar with this measure, for no
more important bill will come before this
body than the pure food bill. If we are
goingto have pure food, let us have it.
Let us give our commissioner suflicient
power and enough money to enforce the
law. VVe hope Granges will discuss this
matter very thoroughly.

The Visitor Justified.

Last October, in the face of the opinion
of many able editors and political students,
the VIsI'roR maintained that the proposed
amendment to the constitution relative to
the qualifications of electors would tempo-
rarily disfranchisea number of voters. Our
position has been justified by the recent
decision of the attorney general, who
elaborates the brief opinion we expressed
last fall. VVe do not mention this as a
matter of supreme importance, but to il-
lustrate the fact that the VISITOR does not
speak unless it thinks it knows “where it
is at. "

Old Glory at the Polls.

In recent years a campaign has been car-
ried on to secure the possession ofa United
States flag for every school house in the
state. This is right. This emblem can be
made a most useful ally in teaching the
children patriotism.

But there are older people voters, who
need to learn more patriotism, more of the
meaning of the flag. VVhy would it not be
a valuable aid in such an education if the
law provided that on each election dgzy in
Michigan the national flag should be kept
flying over every voting place while the
polls are open? Think it over.

A New Departure.

A paper for the masses must have some-
thing for everybody, and, acting on the
idea that “All work and no play makes
_Jacka dull boy," we shall introduce a
serial story into the VISITOR. This change
is in line with the enterprise of the new
managers, who propose to push the
VISITOR list. “'6 propose to keep them
by improving the VISITOR as a paper. The
story is Dr. A. Conan Doyle’s first and
best detective story, and is entitled “A
Study in Scarlet.” In it is introduced
Sherlock Holmes, the greatest detective
character in all English fiction. This story,
when first published, took England by
storm and is one of the most absorbing de-
tective stories ever written, yet it is not a
piece of “dime novel” literature. Conan
Doyle is gaining fame as one of the best
living story writers. The opening chap-
ters will appear in our next issue.

Tax Reform.

Every farmer believes that one of the
most important questions is that of tax-
ation. The Grange recognizes this belief,
and always records itself in favor of tax
reform whenever and wherever reform is
possible.

One difliculty, however, meets every
earnest and honest tax reformer. lVe
may howl about unequal taxation, but we
cannot lay our eyes on facts to prove ou.I
position. Of course we may reason from
some little circumstance occurring in our
own town, but that hardly forms a basis
for a comprehensive and just tax law. It
would seem therefore that the first step in
genuine tax reform is to get at the facts in
the case. lVhat really is the situation?
No one knows. Our readers will remem-
ber that a Patron sent several questions on
taxation last fall. They were referred to
the best authority we know, and yet they
were only partially answered. The data.
are simply not at hand. The first thing to

county districts vote separately; taxes are

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

umn we very briefly give the outline of a
proposed measure which is designed to en-
able the state to ascertain all the facts re-
garding taxation. This measure is in the
right line, and ought to pass.

 

A Decrcpit City.

Detroit is writhing in the grasp of ades-
potic mayor——a mayor, however, chosen by
a goodly majority of her citizens. Her
people aver that their lives are endangered
by reason of the unfitness of the health
officer, who will not resign and whom the
mayor will not supplant. It is therefore
asked that the state take to itself the ap-
pointment, through the governor.
health board for that city.

VVe believe this is a step in the wrong
direction. Detroit‘s self interest demands
the preservation of home rule. In ninety-
nine cases out of a hundred she would re-
sent state interference. But now, having
got herself into trouble, she is temporarily
willing to give up her freedom of action.
If her people are not now competent to
govern the city, let them learn by experi-
ence.

Again, the principle of local government
is a growing one. Nothing must be done,
as a matter of principle, that shall retard
its growth. This is a serious question,and
we hope the legislature will not set any
precedent, for temporary reasons, that
shall retard progress in municipal govern-
ment.

ofa

 

An Institute System.

Possibly the proposed farmers‘ institute
bill may not suit every individual farmer,
but we believe that it is the best that can
be drawn short of actual experience with
its working. Time will show needed
amendments. The bill carries with it an
appropriation for two years, and will have
to be rc—enacted at the next legislature.
Thus defects may easily be remedied at
that time. '

This bill is really in the interest of econ-
omy. It reduces the institute work to a
system. Thus much money can be saved
by proper management of places, dates,
routes, etc. This is the only economical
‘ way.

This bill is just to the whole state.
VVhcreas now the College can furnish help
to only a few counties, it will be compelled
to furnish speakers to every county desir-
ing them, without expense to that county.

No county in the state but will profit by
an institute. The requests for institutes
are more than double what the College can
supply. Let us have this demand satisfied,
and in doing it create a system that shall
insure the greatest economy and efficiency.
This bill will do it, we believe.

Beneath the Dome.

In this column we design to mention and discuss those
measures introduced into the legislature that we believe
will be of most importance and interest to our readers. If
any of our readers desire to have the provisions of any bill
that we do not mention and will let us know their wishes
we will endeavor to zct the information.

Delegates to the State Grange will re-
nieniber the library that stood near the
door of the house, and also the talk by
Mrs. Spencer, state librarian. Mrs. Spen-
cer’s desire is to secure a small appropri-
ation, of about $2,500, for the iurpose of
inaugarating a system of traveling librar-
ies. This is a worthy measure, and we
shall treat it at greater length in the near
future.

We group together the chief bills re-
lating to education. All of these are
favored by the oflice of public instruction.
One bill provides an educational qualifica-
tion for school examiners—at least a third
grade certificate. Alsoa person cannot be
elected county school commissioner who
has not had at least 24 months teaching
experience. Also the teachers in city
schools shall be examined the same as are
teachers in district schools. Teachers over
21 years old must be citizens.

Another bill is known as the conipul—
sory free text—book bill. It merely pro-
vides that school districts shall provide all
pupils with the necessary books without
cost to the pupil.

There is also a bill providing that none
but citizens of the United States can vote
at school meetings.

The school out—housc bill provides that
district school boards shall build proper
out-houses and keep t-heni in proper con-
dition. If this is not done, after proper
notification by the county commissioner,
the latter is empowered to build or repair
the same, under certain limitations as to
expense involved, and the cost will be
assessed to the district.

do is to know the truth. In another col-

FEBRUARY 7, I895

as the minimum number for any district.

The bill that will interest our readers the
most of any educational bill is the town-
ship unit bill. It is an optional bill, giving
any township in the state the privilege of
organizing into a township school district.
There are now 61 township districts in the
state, but they have all had to get permis-
sion of the legislature.

This bill provides that the organized vil-
lages or cities and the rural districts shall
vote separately upon the plan, the idea
being to prc-vent'a village or city saddling
the system onto a township against the
wishes of the rural districts. There are to
be five iiieiiibers of the township school
l.)0ELl‘(l, elected at a special election.

Ihc territory of fractional districts is to
0'0 to the townshi ) which contains the school
house of that district. Thus for school
purposes the townsliip lines will follow
fractional district lines. A board of equali-
zation is provided for. who shall appraise
all school properties. All the property of
a district shall be credited to it, and all
debts debited to it, and school taxes shall
be assessed to (}:l.(2l'l district in siiuilar pro-
portion to the liabilities of the district

‘ Representative Wililcy liiis iioticcd a
bill to provide for the gatlicriiig, compil-
ing, and reporting the statistics of taxation.
It provides for the appoiiitment of a tax
statistician, who shall be well versed in
the tax laws and a competent accountant,
and makes it the duty of that oflicer to as-
certain, as nearly as iuay be, the uctiial and
the assessed value of the real and poi-soniil
property which is subject to taxatioii under
the general tax law; the cliaract/cl‘ and
value of property which is exempt from
taxation and the rcasoiis for such exemp-
tion; the value and character of the prop-
erty of companies liable for the payment
of specific taxes and the earnings of such
companies; the amount of taxes assessed,
the amount paid and the amount returned
delinquent: the amount of delinquent taxes
which are lost and the reasons for such
loss: and such other facts relative to the
sources and collection of the revenue of the
state and its political subdivisions as are
pertinent to the enquiry inaiigiiratcd by
the measure. The statistician is to com-
pile and record the statistics so as to be
able to furnish information relative to tax-
ation and the operation and rcsiilts of the
tax laws in the several political subdivis-
ions of the state as well as the aggregate
for the entire state, and is to aiscertain and
report whether the letter and spirit. of the
general and specific tax laws are enforced
or whcrin lics the failure to secure the full
results introdiiced by the cnactnient of those
laws. The bill makes it the duty of all
officials to furnish from the l'(.‘-C()l'(,lS of
their offices such inforiiiation as is required
by the statistician, who is charged with
such investigation relative to taxable prop-
erty and its value, as well, and deteriiiinc
the proportion assessed and the relative
aniouiit of taxes paid on various classes of
property.

Something Must Be ‘Done.

Those who attcndcd the State Graiigc rc-
alizcd as never before that concciitration is
the great lever to success, and if we got
any bill of iiiiportancc through the legisla-
ture this session we must pull, :1/ulpu/I tn-
,(/et/wr. To be sure we haye our worthy
editor, as well as a legislative coiiimittee,
to urge upon that honorable body our
wants, but they can work with more vigor,
be more persistent, can talk longer and
louder, if they have eleven thousand
Grange voices back of them. You know
our editor and the legislative committee
don‘t need to have their cars rubbed in or-
der to fight savagely for Grange legisla-
tion. “They aren‘t built that way. "
They are only too willing to pitch in if we
will make our wants known to them.

Last session your legislative committee
wrote many a letter, sent many a bill, and
asked subordinate Granges for petitions
favoring the pure food bill, but received
few respoiiscs.

The solons of the legislature are often
ready to do the right, but they would say
to us, If the Grange is so anxious for this
law, why don’t they send up their peti-
tioiisf I know every Grange in the state
two years ago was heartily in favor of bet-
ter pure food laws, yet they allowed this
measure to be once killed, but we resur-
rected and passed it after much difficulty,
but the bill as passed was shorn of its best
features. It gave to the dairy and food
commissioner only limited power. As it
now stands, it is only an entering wedge to
something better, and this is the hour to
strike that wedge. Let us all pound so
hard that they will think we are genuine
legislative rail splitters. Show them the
vast interests these spurious foods effect.
Show them how honest goods are driven
out of our market and how Michigan has
become the dumping ground for bogus
merchandise, and how the present laws
give a premium to rascality. Tell them
how the worthy master, the special as well
as the legislative committee, and the whole
Grange ask as one voice for better pure

Also a bill providing five months school

 

food laws. l)ARIUs D. BURLL.
Union City.

  
 
    
  
  

   
      

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I was continued as resident and George B.
P :-

FFBRUARY 7, 1895.

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

 

3

Business.

The Satisfaction that Follows When Business is
Done in 3 Systematic Way.

The binding twine deal forthe harvest of

1894 was the first work of the State Grange 3

in the way of trade on the new basis. It
being new to our people, and the notice be-
ing given to the Granges of the state after
very many farmers had placed their orders,
the volume of the business done was but a
small proportion of what it should have
been and what it will be the coming year.

The first complaint is yet to be heard from '

those who used the twine or the dealer
who filled the orders.

From a recent letter sent to close up the
last details of the deal the contract firm
says: “VVe will take this opportunity to
compliment the Grange upon the business-
like manner in which the transactions of
this deal were carried through, and upon
the satisfactory nature of the whole busi-
ness. ‘V e have never had anything car-
ried out so fully with a contract of such a
nature as this was.” A high compliment,
indeed. This should encourage our mem-
bers to acquiesce in stricter business forms
when they are essential to success. As far-
mers these are some of the lessons we must
learn before we can expect to reap the full
benefit from trade contracts with business
firms which will deal in no other way but
systematically.

Of our two hundred twenty-five Granges
in the state but about fifty availed them-
selves of the twine contract, ordering 53,
225 lbs. The largest order was sent in by
the Ronald Grange, No. 192, of Ionia
county for 2000 pounds. The coming sea-
son all members should place their orders
with their Grrange and use the contract the
state Grange has secured for their benefit.

G. B. Hoi3.Toi~'.

Co-operative Trade Union.

That the Patrons of Michigan may be
informed of the progress of the work of
forming closer trade arrangements with
manufacturers and first dealers in many of
the articles of daily use on and about our
farms, I give this brief summary of the
meeting of the representatives of ten of the
northwestern states which convened in Chi-
cago January 8, foi' the above named object.

A temporary organization was formed
last May and the proposed work of the
union was referred to the various state
Granges for endorsement. At the January

meeting just held it was found that all of
the states favored the movenient,and tliere-
upon the temporary organization was made
permanent. G. R. Keillof \Vaverly, Mo.,

Horton of Michigan as secretary and treas-
urer. R. L. Holman of Ohio, Oliver V\'il-
son of Illinois, and O. E. Hall of Nebraska
were elected to constitute an auditing and
advisory committee. G. R. Keill was
elected to act as contract agent, and a mod-
erate appropriation, to be borne equally by
the various states, was placed at his dispos-
al to defray the necessary expenses of in-
vestigations and executing the work. Some
manufacturers and first dealers who had
incidentally heard of the conference sought
a hearing and seemed anxious to close
terms for trade in their wares. Those in
attendance were made enthusiastic by the
prospects of success. It was the coiiseii-
sus of opinion, however, that due caution

must be exercised to prevent unprofitable.
deals, and that for the first year a few fa-
vorable contracts for the purchase of such
articles as our eople would be most likely
to patronize fairly well would be better for
the future success of the work than it would

to have a large number of deals poorly sup-

ported. As much as our people desire
these contracts made it remains a fact that

we must be educated up to the point of
compliance with such rules and regulations

along the lines of business system as are

necessary to successfully handle the work.

The proposed work of the union will grad-

ually proceed from this time and all si1b—

ordinate Granges will be duly notified as

fast as contracts are closed. Members

must not expect too much for the first ear

and Whenever notice is received of ( eals

made, remember success depends upon your

patronage and support.

Our state will also on its own account be
Working for local deals and adding to the
work so well commenced.

G. B. HORT()N.

To Patrons.

EDITOR GRANGE VisrroR: There seems
to be a misapprehension as to the intent of
the proposed amendment to the constitu-
tion as sent down to the state Granges for
their action by the National Grange in its
twenty-eighth annual session. The pro-

osed amendment is to strike out the word

‘annually” where it occursin line four (4)
of article 1, section 2 of the constitution,
and insert “biennially.” The amendment
relates exclusively to the election in dis-
trict Granges, as will be clearly seen by
reference to the motion of Bro. Leonard
Rhone of Pennsylvania, who introduced
the amendment “to instruct the committee
on constitution and by—laws to prepare a
constitutional amendment providing for

Granges. " which was ado ted.—See _page
203 of the proceedings of t e twenty-eighth
annual session. It appears that In Some Of
the states the masters of the state Granges
did not fully explain to the state _Cxranges
the limited (to ( istrict Granges) intent Of
the amendment, and hence the misappre-
hension on the subject.
Faithfully yours,
JOHN TRIMBLE.

Thoughts for Patrons.

Masters, have you appointed your coni-
mittee on \Voman's VVork? _

Brothers and sisters, what are you going
to do for your paper, the GRANGE VISITOR!
We made a friendly call the other day at
the publishers’ office and found_them bus-
ily at work on the subscription list. They
were carefully going over the columns and
striking off those whose time had expired.
There were so many familiar names:
names that are dear to us. How anxious
we were to see personally each delinquent
—we could not feel that it was necessary
to urge the merits of the paper, only just
to remind them that their time had expired,
when they would again cheerfully renew.

If each person taking this paper would
secure one nerw yearly subscriber it would
double our subscription list and make the
paper a success financially. \Vill you not
do it’!

“Yes, I am satisfied. The walk was two
miles, the day stormy, the roads muddy,
but I secured my two new members to our
Grange." This scrap from a letter of a
very dear friend impresses me with the
fact that it must be iersonal work that will
add to our members ip. If each member
of the Grange would but bring in one new
member this year, what a grand Grange
advance we would make?

A bright faced woman kindly took us by
the hand the other day and said, “I never
thought the Grange amounted to anything
before, but I am going home and my hus-
band and I will canvass these Grange ques-
tions and I think we will join the Order.
I am so anxious that my children shall
have the advantages of which we in our
younger days were deprived and that in
later years we have neglected. Our chil-
dren need it." The people who are will-
ing to canvass Grange principles are just
the people that the Grange needs.

Are you planning for a Grange enter-‘
tainment of some kind whereby you may
increase the influence of the Order in
spreading the best farmers paper that we
know of among those who need it?

A rare privilege was given Calhoun
county Grange on the first day of the new
year. It was privileged to assist in cele-
brating the sixtieth anniversary of the mar-
riage of our dear and venerable brother
and sister, Mr. and Mrs. Elias C. Man-
chester. They are our Grange father and
mother. Sixty Grange children came to-
gether under the paternal roof, bringing
with them hearty good cheer, reverence,
and love for this dear old couple who for
sixty years have travelled life’s pathway
together. All the way they have sown the
seeds of honesty, sobriety, charity, and
love, and now their own children and their
Grange children rise up and call them
blessed. The quaint marriage certificate
was read. It was written upon a part of a
sheet of foolscap paper, was yellow with
age and the ink faded by time. It was a
marriage contract written in the plain
speech of the Friends, signed by both con-
tracting parties and twenty-five witnesses.
All witnesses save one have finished earth’s
journey, only three out of the wedding
company of twenty—eight are left. Two
easy chairs were left by the Patrons in
token of our love and esteem. At four
score they are earnest,active Grange work-
ers, always ready to do their share. VVe
think they are the oldest active Grange
couple in Michigan.

M AK)’ A. MAYO.

A Farm School.

_ “W'e shall advance the cause of educa-
tion among ourselves an(l for our children
by all just means within our power."

In these emphatic words one of the most
hopeful purposes of the Grange is set forth
in our declaration of purposes. I sa ' one
of the most hopeful purposes of our Grder,
because in a broad and more practical edu-
cation lies our hopes for the future of agri-
culture. Mindful of this noble purpose of
our Order, an earnest effort has been made
during the past year by Patrons in differ-
ent parts of our state to formulate a plan
with a view offiringing the practical know-
ledge of our experiment station and the
agricultural college a little nearer the
farm. These efforts took shape at the late
meeting of the state Grange, and were
formulated with a resolution to the effect
that by a state system of farmers’ insti-
tutes could this urpose be best fulfilled,
and to develop t iis system of farm schools
it was deemed best that they should be un-
der the direction of the state board of ag-
riculture, they uniting with local organi-

 

' other details, and the development of this

glan at the late meeting of the State

range _won the earnest sup ort of the rep-
resentatives from every section of the state.
Indeed, at no time during the four days‘
session was there such unbounded enthus-
iasm as when the special committee to con-
fer with the governor and ask him to rec-
c_ommend to the legislature an appropria-
tion for this purpose, reported that he

considered the purpose for which the a )-
propriation was askc.d worthy, and t e
amount reasonable, and he would so recom-
mend to the legislature," and the heart-
felt thanks of thousands of farmers are
due our worthy governor for the faithful
performance of his promise. The question
is now before the legislature substantially
as formulated by the State Grange and
reconiiiiended in the governor‘s iiiessagc.

SUPPORT THE M PIASUICPZ.

And now Patrons, we come back to you
to complete this good work so aiispicioiisly
beglfn and so well advanced: but the work
1S still unfinished and you alone can coin-
plete it, and we _make this last appeal to
you, members of subordinate and county
Granges, members of farmers’ clubs, insti-
tutes, and the Home Reading Circle, and,
indeed, to every farmer in the state of
Michigan. we appeal to you with all the
earnestness of :1 heartfelt interest to use
the )ower in your hands to complete this
wor ' begun in your behalf. l)o you ask
in what manner you can aid this work’! I
answer: 1. Let every subordinate and
county Grange, farmers’ club, and organ-
ization of every kind pass a resolution ask-
ing their members in the legislature to
work and vote for the fariners‘ institute
bill and for the pure food bill.

2. And then let individual members of
these farmers‘ organizations and farmers
everywhere, whether niciiibcrs or not,
write to their members of the legislature
and request them to vote for these two
measures. You can complete this work
without expense to yourself and in the
most effectual manner. Let a shower of

ostal cards and letters drop down upon
nsing during the next two weeks. An
average of one hundred in each county of
the state would be such a voice as no legis-
lature could resist, and yet five hundred
farmers in Berrien county have proniiscd
me since I returned from the State Grange
that they would ask our members of the
' legislature to vote for these two measures,
and I believe they will keep their promise.
VVill Lenawee send five hundred of these
all powerful agents to Lansing bearing
this same message’! \Vill Van lhiren do
the ‘same? “Iill Ionia? V\'ill Branch!
VVill Allegan‘? V\'ill Kent? \Vill every
agricultural county in the state send five
hundred letters or postal cards each to
their members in the legislature and ask
them to vote for the farmers’ institute bill
and the pure food bill.’ If they will do
this, these bills will pass and they will have
“advanced the cause of education among
themselves and for their children,” and
they will have advanced their business in-
terests by driving out of our market the
millions of dollars worth of adulterated
and fraudulent stuff that is annually sold
in competition with the honest products of
the farm. Patrons and farmers of the
state of Michigan, do you wish to test the
question whether you have any influence
in shaping leoislative action! Then let
your voice be heard by the members of the
legislature upon these questions of so much
importance to your financial and education-
al intcrests. Fraternally,
W’. L. KANE.
St. Joseph.

State Grange and Education.

The following is the report of the standing committee on
education in the last state Grange as adopted by the
Grange. D. E. McClure submitted the report.

To THE \VoR'riiY M ASTER, Bnoriinns AND
SISTERS or run STATE GRANc.i:—You r
committee on education beg to submit the
following report:

\Ve believe the most important interests
that can employ our thoughtful attention
and earnest solicitude, are the interests clus-
tering around the country schools. For
the country boys and girls, plodding their
way to school through mud and snow, we
wish to enter an earnest plea for a condi-
tion in our country schools which may de-
velo all that is divine in their natures.
We believe that the pathway to a better
citizenship lies through the country schools
——the farmer’s school. VVe believe the
homes with their fathers and mothers and
the schools with their teachers are the
prime factors in our civilization.

We believe the unsolved problem in edu-
cation is how to unite all the forces that
make for better education in a life cam-
paign against all the obstacles that bar the
way toward a better citizenship.
Believing that the prosperity and prog-
ress of all the people of our beloved state
are bound up in the progress of education
in our schools, we submit the recominend—
ations which follow:

1. W70 believe that our school houses
should be better equipped with needful ap-
paratus for the use of teachers and pupils.
A small working library of books useful
for reference in reading history and civil

biennial election of officers in Pomona

zations as to program, assembly hall, and

l ary, reading chart, looking glass, towel
and comb, and other minor articles should
be in each and every country school house in
our state. The boys and girls of our farmers
deserve as good facilities in this respect as
the boys and girls of cities have long en-
joyed. Our present law makes it the duty
of the director to provide “necessary ap-
pendages“ for the school house, but does
not specify what are to be considered as
"necessary appendages.” Our law should
be amended so as to leave no opportunity
for controversy as to the duties and powers
of the school officers in this respect.

2. “'0 believe that patriotism and love
of Anicrican institutions should be taught
in our schools; and, to this end. no person
who is not a citizen should be allowed to
teach.

3. Stzltistics show that out of (567.1): no
children of school age in this state only
about 4.3.104 no attend school. “'9 are in
favor of ii more rigid coiiipulsory school
law which shall provide :1 truant officer,
with reasonable coiiipciisation, to cnforce
attendance at school.

4. “'0 are in sympathy with the main
features of the law which created the office
of coinniissioner of schools and board of
examiners and defined their duties, but
believe that the law should be so changed
that no person who has not been a teacher
at least twenty-four months shall pass upon
the qualifications of applicants for teach-
ers‘ certificates, or dictate to teachers con-
cerning their every—day work. We also
believe that the term of office of commis-
sioncr should be increased so that his work
may he removed as far as possible from
political influences.

5. The Grangecontemplatr-s with shame
the utterdisrcgard many school officers have
for the proper condition of school out-
liouses, and we will favor any action of the
legislature that will compel school officers
to provide respectable out-buildings, and.
having provided respectable buildings, to
keep them so.

ti. \Ve believe the niinimuni number of
months that should be taugt in any district
during any school year should be raised
from three to five in all districts, and that
any district whose officers willfully cinploy
any unqualified teachers for any portion of
the school year should be punished by a
forfeiture of the primary interest fund.

7. Te-.icliei's‘institi1tcs like farmers’ in-
stitutes afford exccllent opportunities for
improvement, and the Grange heartily ap-
proves of all legitimate methods that may
be devised for improvement of our rural
teachers. We are in favor of a law that
shall compel all teachers to attend the in-
stitute, but are opposed to that law which
taxes the poorly paid coiintry teachers to
pay an institute fee.

H. “"0 earnestly demand some law which

shall very iiiaterially decrease the price of
text books, and we urge our superintend-
ent of public instruction, with the assist-
ance of our State ( ‘rrangc coiiimittce on leg-
islation, to formulate some measiire to be
subiiiitted to the next legislature which
shall bring about the desired result. We
desire good books at reasonable prices; and
while we prefer that the state shall pub-
lish text books, we would hail withdclight
any law that shall make books cheap, diir—
ablc, and uniform.
9. We are in favor of an amendnient to the
constitution of the state which shall pro-
vide for the election of a superintendent of
public instruction at the spring election.
and allow him a reasonable salary for his
services.

10. A symmetrical course of study should

be introduced into our schools, which

course should he so arranged that all the
common branches shall be pursued and
completed in the rural schools. VVe, there-
fore, favor the enactinent of a law fahat
shall require school boards to use the state
manual and course of study in their schools.

This course is published by the department

of public. instruction, and has been in use

in many districts for three or four years
with very gratifying results.

11. VV e desire to especially einphasize the

importance of the Oceana Pupils’ Reading

Course rccoinmended by the State Grange

last year. This course is now in use in

several counties in the state, and the re-
sults growing out of its use are most en-
couraging.

There is no greater good a father,mother,

or teacher can do for pupils than to give

them a taste for good reading. It is an ed-
ucation in ttself, and we call upon the good

Grangers to help the work along.

I). E. McCi.URr.,

AGNES D. LADD,

ELIZABETH H. POUND,

A. L. KiMiii.i:,

THoMAs I-I. WniT'rAi.i.,

SUSAN I). FULLER,

M. H. WAi.woRTii.

I:low’s This?

We offer One Hundred Dollars reward for any case
of Catarrh that cannot be cured by Hall's Catarrh
Cure. F. J. CHENEY & CO.. Toledo. 0.
We, the undersigned. have known F. J. Cheney for
the last 15 years and believe him perfectly honorable
in all business transactions and financially able 5_to
carry out any obligations made by their firm .

WEST & TRUAX. Wholesale Drugzists. Toledo, 0.
WALDING, KINNAN & MARviN, Wholesale Drug-
gists. Toledo. 0.

Hall's Catarrl: Cure is taken internally, actiniz di-
rectly upon the blood and mucuous surfaces of the

government; aglobe, wall maps, diction-

 

system. Testamonials sent free. Price 750. Der bot-
tle. Sold by all Druggists.

w....y .;-v...- _~.<..«rL»m>..; _.

  
       
      
     
     

           
          
    
       
        
      
     
      
       
   
    
      
       
 
           
  
       
 
 
  
  
    
    
   
  
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
    
  
    
  
  
 
   
   
  
    
   
  
   
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
     
 
  
    
  
  
          
        
     
      
      
      
     
    
      
      
    
    
     
      
   
 

 
  
      
       
     
    
       
    
       
     
     
       
    
          
         
     
    
       
        
      
     
     
       
      
 
     
     
     
    

 


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#11

THE GRANGE VISITOR. '

FEBRUARY 7, 1895.

s|1SPllAY PUMP

EXPRESS PAID, for

Wlll Igprny a 10 acre on-chord per day.

y the leading Entomologisbs of the U. S.
00,000 in use. Sfllill/('lC(i’IIl guaranteed or money re-
/unded. Illvstrnted catalogue on h'pra_\-ing free.
Rapid sellers. Our agents are nu-1l»:i11g from $510
820 per day. Mention this miner. Ad1lr1-ss
P. C. LEWIS M13111. (1).. Box 107, Catskill. N. Y.

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and Lincoln Slu-1-p. \ 1-11011-0 101 01' stock
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ARE YOU OPPOSED
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Harrows  Ilullivalors

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THE WHIPPLE HARROW CO.
s1‘. .i0n.\'s. 3111-11.

Will

WHll’l’L1-2'5 Sl'l’1’l.l-I M l~I.\"l‘Al-(Y 1

Adjustable Wide Tire }

l‘()R I-‘.\l{.\l \\'.\(i0l\'\‘.

   

 

 O 1111ys.-11-.1111111l1-11- s-111111-l1111i111:1110
0 . 11-_'l111-111-r'l',1111'.\"l‘ .l-Il.’l‘lRl-1.\‘«l'g
iiicln-s wi1l1-, wzn-I-zuiln-1| to 1-:11-I-y 4,1500 ll1s..
that can 111- 11111 01110 1111- W111-1-ls 01' any f:1rn1
wz1;.:o11ov1-r1111-11:1rr11\vtir1-.:in111-an111-:1tt:1cl11-11
(1r1l1:1:1c111-11 11_\'11111-1111111 i111\\'1-111y11ii111111-'
or111-rin;.-: 1:11-13 111111111-11-r 01' \\'l11-1-ls. .\111l1-1-ss-

- E. E. WHIPPLE,

ST. JOHNS, IVIICH.

 

A1 1111-11111-l1i::111

 

          

mg K‘cT"'AL S1:111- 172111-. 15511.
ROLIFIC \\'1- took s1-V1-11

Ho _g,_ _ I{0FlT.\l5l.E first 111-1-11iiu111s.
1>‘_f‘_'f’ ORKERS 111-11rm:-11111111111111

1 1- -1 ‘- -

He!-liert IV, |Vl11mtui-1|, m"_ 1111‘. 1”lc'1m'1"'_'_.
M"-"""“V s\\'1-1-11s1:1l(1-s for

H11.1.s11.\1.1-; ('11.. M11-11. 1111111 - 1:1-
.ii11l 111 1s11\\ 11\‘

ago. W111-11 W1: s1a1-11-11 in l)11r111- -l1-i-s1-_\- Sw1111-.
we liouuht 1111.-111-st 111111 c1111fi111-111ly l)1‘1ll,‘\'l' w1-
can 11l1,-11.s1- you .s-1111111115-1111 111-1-1111-11111111’ :1 "1-1-11
hog." \\'1-ar1- s0l110111 111' 1111111-s tit for .s‘1-l‘Vl(‘1‘.
but 11r1- 111l'1-i-1111.: 11 cl1oi1-1-101 01' _1-111111_1:g1-11s sired
by 1111-
.~\\'e:-pslnkrs Boar Red Jacket,
37-1-S) Ill .\. 1). J. R.
and lived 111 Sand)‘ U111-.l1-.\'-«nu.
R1-1n1-111111-r1-V1-1-121111111211 in 1111- 111-r11 01-1-r 0111-
3'1--.11-0111 isa 11riz1- \\'ll1l11-1'. '\\'1-111-11s-1'1-r 111-i1-1-s.
\\'1- \\'1-1-1- 111-V:-r 111-111-r 111-1-11:11-1-11 111 1'urni.sli
S111-o1»sl1i1-1-.S111-1-11101111r112111-1111s.

Hillsdale Countiywl-lerd
Poland China Swine. . . .

Choice s101-k f01- sale at reasnrmlile prices.
and G11111-1111tcc1I 11.s- 1'1,-111-1.-s1-1111-11.

JNO. BOWDITCH,
HILi.s-DALE, 3111111.

The Peoples’ Szivings Bank

or L.\‘.\’Sl.\'1i. .1111-i1i11.\.\'.
(-upit-.11, . . . $150,000.00
 111111.11) 1-Lo1‘11'. L.\NSl.\'1‘1.

0”“ L“ ?1«‘R.\.\‘i1'i.1.\'sT.,x11m-H 1..1.\'s1.\'11.

1)Fl-‘I(‘IZR>‘..
W. J. B1-;.\L. l’i-1-si(l(-111:

.\. A. W11.11un. V1110 Pr.-s-i111-111:
1‘. H. Osimxii. (‘as-1111-r.

VVeti-2111s-act a g1-111-ral l‘)2\l\l{lll_‘.Z 1111sii11-ss. I11
our savings 111-11a:-11111-111 we r1-1-1-ivr-. 111-p,11.s’it.s of
one dollar or over and 11115‘ i1it1-r1-st 1111-r1-on if
left thre1- inonths or longer :11 -1 1101‘ cent.

In our c111nn11-.1-ciul 111-11211-11111-111 we receive ac-
counts of nu-rcliaiits 111111 l)ll.~‘lll1‘.>‘S 1111-11. W1-
issue intcrest bearing c1-1-tificatx-s11fd1-posit. 11"
you have any banking busi1i1-s-s1-111111-111111 set) us.

'5-kt-kttint’-kiiiiiiirii-k-k-k**~ki

; -1 .  _ 11161131101182

   

... no _ m.3_\£mam ,1
-11-mg‘ : The Reliable‘-
fivchu V‘ 1-1:11-1:11 311 per cennsnr iixaummo ~k

- Dnnblr, Correct in Princlpla. I4enrl1-r *
It World‘: Fnir. 61:ls. in stamp: for

_ new 112 page Poultry Guide uni cm. *

*1o¢u.._i>onu-1u- 1-on 1-1101-rr mndr pllin. 13.11.11.101 1nrom.v1.m. wk

iv Reliable Incubator and Brooder co..Qu1ncy. III. or

**-ki"k-kt-k'A'-kt-k'ki--kviiii-k****A"A'*

A No. 1 FARM
- HARNESS

Made of firs1-class stock and
warranted, and all Hund-
Ilnde. We retail All our
Harness :1. Wholesale prices
and ship anywhere on up
provnl and guarantee uni:
(notion.
Wrlto for Catalogue.

111111) MADE lll11Nl1SSG11
smnon. u11c11.

 

HATCH 0|-IIGKEHS BY STEAM
1 WITH THE MODEL 6
EXCELSIOR I NCU BATOR.
if ’_‘,/\i
si-:L1=.i'e1zei7LAr11vc.
Guaranteed eolnmha
or percentage of
‘hugs? ntlfiss cost’,
‘ __ Send6c.lm- 
Iii7'I°I'i°§-1'-'K'ii'I..1 use in s.is'u. s1..o.i-&y.in.

 

. . - 1 . . , 1
Some Observations on Farming 111ml 11 omen may be seen. as one . cal and other 1111111-i-s.

in Western Scotland.

A111-‘KI-II) ll. l.()CKl-Z.

111 recent years 1:11-111111;: 1111s 111-on
11111 un1.-1-1-111111"in1111s11-y in all 1111- dis-
§tri1-1s of S1-011111111. Tho 1,-0n11i1i1>ns
11111-1: 111-1-11 s111-11 111111 111c l{0‘\’111
'('11111111issi1111 of .-\,<_r1-i1-1111111-c 11a\'(-
i11i1i1111-11 111111111-11.-s as 10 1111- 1:1111_s1-s
of 1111- 111-111-1-ss-11111 111111 1111- s11111_\'111;:
'1l11,-1111-1111s-111' 1-1-111-1'. T111- 111-‘111-1-s-
sion is 11101-0 11111-111-111111-1_\' 1'1-11 1111111-
s0111l1w1-s11-1-11 1101-11011 of 1111- 1111111-
ll'\'. 1-111h1-111~i11g- 1111- 1-01111111-s 111' .\_\'1'.
W" i 131 0 w 11. '1-Ii1-1101111111-lg-111 a 1111
I)111111'1-11-s. 11-1111-11 1121\'1- 1111- 111-st
1'a1-111i111_- 1111111s in 1111- 1-0111111-y.

111 1111-s1-1-111111111-s 11:1i1"\'i11;;' is 1-.\-
11-11si\'1-l\' 1'01l0w1-11. \\'i111 1111- 1-x-
1-1-111i011'11t':11'1-w f:11'111s in 1111s 1-1--
1_:i011.1111 11111_\' 111- s-1111110 111-111111-y 01-
l1i11—s-111-1-111:11-111s. 111111 \'1-1',\' 1111111)’ 111'
1l11-s1- 1':11'111s 1111- also 111,-1-1111-11 101111-
111-1-1-11i11,1_r 111' .\_\'1-sl1i1-1-

111111-_\' 1111-111111;:-.

i111_r of 1111- (111110wa,\' 111-1-1.-11 of 110111-11
111111-11 1-111111.-. 111 1111- past 1111- 111-1-1-11-
i11g_r 111' 1111- fa111011s ( 'l,\'111,-s111111- 11111-s1-s
1111s I11-1-11 1-x11-11si\-1- 111111 111-0111111111-.

.'l'111-1110s1 \'11111ah11- 111-1111111-c }_-1-111111

1-011sis1s0l' l1:1_\'. 1111111101,-s. 1-111-1-01s

‘-111111 1111-11i11s. 11-1111-11 11111)‘ 1-11111-r 111-

11-11 1111011 or sold 11-0111 1111- 1111-111.
()l1.s11lll1‘1':1l‘l11s‘ 0111--111111 1111- :11-1-11
11111.1’ 111- 11111111011 111 11111:11111-s, 111(-
lI111s1 111-0li111hl1- s1-l1i11_1_r of 1111 \'C§_"-
1-1111111-, 1'.-11-111 11l'1111ll1-1s. T111-11i11s
1111111-111-1-01s111-1- 11s111111_\' 1'1-11 1111011
1111- 1111-111. 1-i1h1-1- 111 111111-_\f 1-1111l1- or
10 .s'11(-1-11 f11111-111111_r1f111- 1111111011.

l)l.\ll.\l.\‘lll-ll) l’li1)l’lT.\'.

111 all 1111- 111111s1-s of fai-111i11}_r
111-0111s l1a\'1- ,1:-1-1-1111_\’ 11i111i11isl11-11.
1110s-1. 1111111111)’ 111 1111- 1-oi-1-:11 1-1-011s.
T111- 1-\'i111-111-1.-s of 1111- 111-111-1-ssio11 111-1-
1l1e i'a11i11,1_r-011' 111' 1111- 111-111111111 for
fai-111111-11111-1-1)’. 1ow1-i' 1-1-111s 111111 1111-
a11;111110111111-.111 01:’ 11111;: lL‘:1>'(‘>'». T111-
111-s1 111:111:1_1_>-1-11 1-s1a11-s 1111\'1- f:1l11-11
011'i111l11-i1- 11111111111 1-1-111111 1'1-11111 111
111 15.1 1101- 1-1-111. >'01111- fai-111s
11111-1-111-1-11 a11:111110111-11 hy 1111-11-11-
:1l11s|11-1-:1l1s1- 01' 1l11-i1- 11111111111)’ 10
11:1_\’ 1111- 1-1-111s. 1111 with 111-111-1_\’
1-1111111 111-111-1-ssion 111 111111-1-i111111s-11-ics
1111-1-1-is still :1 111-111111111 for f:11'l11
111-11111-1-1)’, 111111 n1-w 11-11:1111s111-c cas-
i1_\fs1-1-111-1-11. Tl11.- 11-111-s1 1-1111111111111
f111-1111-11-1111111s is that 1111- 1-1-111s,
11111112-11 1-1-11111,-1-11. 111-e-111111-1.-11111-1-11 in
111-1111111'1io11 10 1110 f:1lliu_g‘ 011' of 1111-
111'111i1s fi-0111 1111- 1111-111.

11 is 11111111;-111 111111 1111-. 1-ziusc of
1111- 111-1111-ssi1111 is 11111- 111 1111- fall in
111-11-cs 1-:1'.1s(-11 hy 1'01-1-i,1_1-11 1-11111111-1i-
11011. 11111 soine 11111111 111111 11 is 1111-
1110111-1a1'_\' s_\'s11-111s 111' 1l1c 1-111-ious
food 111-1111111-iiig 1-0111111-i1-s w11i1,-11
l111\'1- 111-11111;-111. 111111111 111-1-s1-111 1-0111-li-
lions. h11si111_- 1111-i1- 1-0111-111si011s on
1111- 1311-1s 111111 111c 1-1-11111-1s of 1111-
woi-111's 111-011111-e110 1101 sl10w 1111
11\'ei--111-1111111-111111 011-1' 1'01-1111-1' _\'(-:11-s.
111111 111111 “-1111 1111- 111-L-s1-111 111-1110111-—
1iz111111n of sil\'1-1', ,1;-0111. 1110 only
>’l:ll1(l:ll'(l 1111-11s111-1,-111' V111111-s, is dear.
T111.-y w1111l11 111-o\'ev that it isnot 1111-
11e11i-1-1-11111-11 \'111111- of fai-111 111-011111-ts
111111 1-Xisls, 11111 1-111111-r 111c :11111i-1-1-i-
1111011 of the 1111-11s11i-cot' V111111-s.

('11 )()l) l-‘AIVLVIING.

\\'11cn1-\'ei- 1he soil of S1-1111111111
111-rinits, 1111- i-0111111111 of 1-1-1111s’ is
111-1-s1-1-V1-11, kc-e11i1'ig 111. the s-.1111c
ti1111-1 the 111-1111 of gi-11s-s 111111 p11s1111-c
11111111111-K;-e as 1-011111111-1-11 with 1111-
Ainericaii fzirins. The fields, with
11111 few 1-X1-c11tions, are in good
1111111111-e11 1-ondition, and profession-
al ag-1'11-111t11i-ists 1-laiin 111211 for
thc last thirty years the fci-1ili1.y of
the soil has heen in h1-111-r 1-111i11i-
tion 1h11n at any 111-e1-ious1l111c. and
that 11nly 11 few poorly 111111111151-11 es-
tates 21p11e11r to he 1lcte1-ioi-ating.
The use of 111-t.i1i1-ial i1111nui-es is not
i111-1-easiiig, h11t the 1-onsun1pti11n of
home grown 111-011111-ts has i111-1-cz1se11,
111111 11n somc111111-yfarms more 111-011-
u1-ts are 1,-ons111-11011 than are raised
upon the fzu-ins. 150 with inany
fan-iners the full in the 111-ice of
grain is looked u11on with satisf1i1-—
tion. for it heconies a cheap food
pi-1111uc1: f11r 1-attle, i111-1-e-.1s1-s the
zmnlial compost, and enables the
fdrlllel‘t()Sl1l)1)l21I11L its pi-1111uction
with grass and ve_gct-.1.11le 111-oducts.

THE TEi\'Al\'T SYSTEM.

The conditions of the tenancy
are not such as will arouse envy
amonor the American farniers. Al-
though the Scotch farmer is frugal
and industrious, it is With difliculty
in many cases that the annual rents
are paid. Their farms are small,
and the most intensive system of
fai-min is followed. Farmers
Work hard themselves and their
Wives and families do not do less.
Throughout the whole season girls

1 journeys on a railway train. hoeingl
1111111111-nip field, working in the1
‘hay oi- following the '1-i-;111le or:
11-1-1111er 11111111115: the graiii. .-\1'
111101-ning 111111 aftei-110011 it is 1111-7
1 wo111e11 or girls who :1tt1-1111 1111- 1-111- 1
I11e and 110 t11en1ill<ing. It is with 3
{111-eat 1111111-ulty that 1111_\- 111111 1_r1-11111
11-1-011s are 11111-1'1-ste11 for 1111- 1111111111-
ji1-_\- 01' S1-11t1111111's111111os11l11-1-1- 1_-1-1-111- '
' 1,\' 1111111-111-s its pi-11_L-1-1-ss. \\'i1h 1111-
‘s111111l f1u-1111-1-s :1-1\'1111111_<_r1-s 1111111111
1111- 11111-1-11 of 1111111-01-1-11 111111-111111-1-_\'
:’11s is us1.-11 in 1111- l'11i11.-11 $11111-s.:11111
<0 1111- 1-1111i\‘11ti111_- 111111 ll:1l'\‘(‘>l,lll}_":
is:11-1-1111111115111-11 111_1_-'1-1-1111-x11e11s1- 0t"
.l1111111 lahor. T111= .s:11nc 1-01111111011.
‘as 10 1111-111 1111101‘ 1-xis-1s 111-1-13 as in »
}1111- l'11i11-11 511111-s. .\l:u1_\' 1101-11 10
'1lh1- 1-1111,-s 111111 111\\'11s w111-1-1- 111-111-1-3
,a111-111-1i011s 111-1-11111-1-1-11. 12111 11-111-1-1-'
',1:1h01- is 1111-1-:111_\' 1-11111_r1,-.s11-11. T111-.
;l'(‘.~'llll is 111111 0111.-11 11 .~lllll(‘l(‘lll 1

1111 for h1-111,-r 111-011111-1s 111111 111-11,1-1-1
111-i1-1-s. llis 11w1-11i11}_r l11111.~1- 111111:
11is s-1111111,-s 1111- 1111111 of stone 2111111
1111- s1-11111111 1-1111s11'111-11-11 wi1l1a V11-w
101-1~0110111\' 111 1111101-.
T111-2 111"1‘1.11111{.

11 is 111111‘ 11ui11- 111111111-1-111 1111111
1'111-111i111_r i11 S1-011111111 11111s1 111-1-011-
1111011 in 1111- f111111-1-10 111111-,\'. 1-1-_<_>-e-
121hl1-. 111111 s11e1-111111-111i11_1_r. \\'i111i11
1111-so 11111-s 11111_\', 111 111-1,-s1-111 111-11-1-s.
1-an 111-olils he 11111111-. 1-\l1l1011,<_-11
l:i1'_<_-11-11111111111-i1-sof 111111-_\' 111-011111-1s
1u-1- 11111101-1e11, 1-s-111-1-i:11l_\' 1'1-0111 111-11-
111111-11 111111 1111- l'11i1c11 511111-s. 1111-
111-11-es 111111 111111111)’ 01' 1111- 1101111:
111-011111-1 ai-c so f11\‘o1-11h11- 111111 1-0111-
11c1i1i0i1 docs not s1-1-i011sl_\’ 11111-1-1
1111- f-.11-1111-1'. lloinc 11111111- 1-l11-1.-s1-
111111 11111101‘ 111-c 11lw:1'\'s in 1_-0011 111--
111111111 in the 111111-111-1 111111 s1-ll 111 11
I11-.111-r 111-i1-e 1111111 foi-1-i1_»-11 11111111-.
The f11111-11iii_<_r of sheep for 1111111011
and of l1-isli 1-11111c for 111.-cf is also
:1 s0111-1-o of 111-011'1. A1 111-1-s1-111
A1111-1-i1-1111 111111 11111111111111 1111111-
must he s11111g-1111-1-1-11 wi111i11 11 1'1-w
1111111-s 11t'1'1-i- l11n11i11}_-‘. 11111 when 1111-so
1-1-s11-i1-1io11s shall 1111\'1- 111-1-11 1-1--
111o\-c11 it is c.\'p1-1-11-11111111A1111-1-11-1111
1-:1.11le 1-an he im11o1'11.-11 111111 11-11 for
heof wi111 11i-o1i111h11- 1'1-sulls.

lil-‘..»\.\‘l-IN‘.

X1110-11-ii111s of the f111-111i11}_r- 1111111
is 111-111 un11e1- le-.1s1-s of f1-11111 11'1'11-1-11
10 twenty _\'1-111-s. 111111 110w11 10 1111-
_\'c111- 1.8’.-11! 111-1-1111's in '11-11s1-s w1-i-1-
s1-11111111 111-111-11 of. 11111 sin1-c 1hc11
1111-sc1111\'1_- he1_-o1111- \'1‘l'_\' 1-11111111011,
111111 ,<_r1-11e1-a1l_\' 111111111-11 in 1'1-0111 1111-11-
111 1i\‘e yeai-s. A few 11-ua111s 01--
1-u11_\' 1111111 1111 _\’1-111-ly 1-01111-111-1s 111111
1111111-ar 111 111-os111-r as well 11s 111os1-
s1-1-1'i11;: 1111111-r 1111111 11-11s1-s. 111 :1
lease for 11 101-111 of _\'1-111's 1111- far-
1111-1- is g1-nei-11l1y 1-es-11-11-11-11 1-10s1:-1_\f.
and is 110111111 d11w11 1-V1-11 10 11-1-111s
111- 1-annot live up to. 11111 1111111-r
s1-11s-ihlc f111-tors who 111-1-.1110 agents
of 1111- 111n11own1-rs for 1-1-111111;‘ 111111
1-11111-1-ti1'1_1.: rents, 1111- t1-1111111. is-1111111-.
at 11111-1-t,\' to ex-1111c the terms if it
1111111-111-s 111 he not to th1- 111-11-i1111-nt
of 1111- 11111111111-11.

Al1li1111g11 the systeiii of 1111111-
11ol11i11_1s has heen gi-1-1111)‘ 1111111-o\'c-11
and 11111110 moi-e11ene1i1-i111 to 1111- 11-11-
11ntl1yi-e1-e1it111:ts 11f1111rli11i11ent, yet.
it is n111i11t11iii1-11 hy 1111 1-.\'1-1-pt 1111-
1-lasses who are 1111111-11ol11e1-s and
those in syi1111at11_\f with 1111-111 that
11101-c should yet he 110110, 111111 111111
the ncai-er o1-cup11n1-y 111111 ow111-r—
ship 111111ro111-11 1-zich other the hot-
ter the land would he fai-111e11. T111-
owi11-rship of the soil h_\' the far-
i111-r w011l1l necessitate 11111101-taut
1-111111111-s in existing laws and cus-
tonis. In time it is hclicv1-11 that
such result. will 111-. 11111111111-11, hut it
will he of 11 gi-111111111 growth, like
other rights and privileges that 1hc
1-ominon people have sccu 1-1-11
tlirough generations of s11-11,2-glc.

Glasgmv, Sc-otlrmd.

From Report of Executive Com-
mittee of National Grange.

A large amount of G1-aiige liter-
ature has also been prepai-c1,1 and
disti-ihuted under the direction of
the 1-ommittee. Especially is the
Order indebted to the Grange press
for its timely and valuable services.
It is to be regretted that we, as an
organization and as Patrons, do not
more fully appreciate and support
our Grange apers. They ought
to have 11 mil ion and a half of sub-
scribers, and would have if the
ofiicers of the Subordinate and
Pomona Granges would make an
organized effort to secure subscrib-
ers; the subscri tion prices are cer-
tainly reasonab e, being at least 25

But it is not
an iinusual 111-c111-1-1-n1-e to find on‘
the f111-1111-1-‘st1111le :1 half 11021-11 or
11111i-1- 11111111 -111 1111111-rs. wl1il1- it
w1111111 111- 111111-h 1110i-1- 10 his 11111-1111-
111g1.- 111 11is111-11s1- with :11 11-11s10n1-111'
1111-so 111111 111110 11 (11-1111}_r1- 1111111-1-111111
is1-s111-1-ially111-1-011-11 1111111-11111-1'1-s1s
of his 1-21111112‘. anal w1- f1-1-1 s111'1-
would 110 so if an 01-1_r:111i7.1-11 01101-1
01' 1111- (11-:111j_-1- was 111:1111- 10 I11-i111_r
11111111111. '

'1‘111-: s1-:1-1:1~:'1'.\1:1 01' 1111111-1'1.-1-11:1-1.

\\'1- 1'1-1_--1-1-1 111111 1111-011_1_r11 1111- in-
11i11'1-1-1-n1-1- 111111 1111-1111-11-111-_\' 0f1l11-
s1-1-1-1-1a1',\' of :lf_“1‘l(‘lll1lll'|‘ 111 \\':1s11~
111111111. 1112111,\- 01' 1111- :111\':1ll1:l1_1’1-s
1_-111111-11 1111- :1g-1-i1-11l1u1-1- 11111-ing 1111-
two 111-1-1-1-11111;: :11lI1lll11s‘1l':11111l1s 01'
1111- <11-11:11-11111-111. 1111\‘1- 111-1-11 lost.

11 is111111-1111111-111l11- 1i1111- is111-111-‘
:11 11111111 wl11-11 1111 :11-111111 1'111-1111-1- 111111
111-1111111111-1111111 will 111-11111111-s1-1-1'1-1:1l"1'

. “?llll(‘- 3131111111111-1-of11111111-1-1-s:11 1111- 111111-11t"11f a1_r1-i1-1111111-1- 111111 111.-11-1-11 :11 1111-
111-1-1-11 1'1-1-_\' 11i}_-111)’ 1'1-1_-111-111-11 1'111'1|,;11~\-1-st 12111111-11 111- s1-1-111-1-11. T111~'}l11-1111 111' 1111- 111-11:11-11111-111.
.\ 1'1-\\' f:lI‘1H>' 1H_.\'1-1111-11 f:1r1111-1- is s1-11111111 11111111-11111l"“‘““l' "f
1111- s011111 111-1-.111-1-011-11 10 1111- l1l'('1“l’1;jl'lll1ll1l1} 111111 111- is 1_-1-111-1-11111‘ 1111111-—1‘1(‘-"““'." 11'“ <11-11:11-11111-111 s11011111 111-

.-\s :1
111s111-1- 111111 1-0111111011

11111-11 11,1’ :11111111111l111-111s 1'1-0111 1111--
a;:1'i1-1111111-al 1,-lass. just as 111111-11 s11;
as 1111- 111-11111-11111-111 01' s11111- .sl1011111.
111- 11111-11 h_\' 111w_\'1-1-s111111 11i11101n:11s. 1

T111- (11-1111_1_r1- sl11111111 1-1-111-w i1s'

. . . 1
1-1101-1s 101- 1111- 1-X11-l1s11111

111' 1'l'(-1-1
mail 111-1i\'1-1'_\'. :11 l(‘:l.s’l 10 1111- 11101-1-1
11011111011s 1-u1'a1 11is11-i1-1s. as 1111-1
1-.\'111-1-11111-111s 1111111111-11-11 in this-1
1111-1-1-111111 h11\'1- 111-0\'1-11 111111 1111- >1‘l'~
1'11-1-1,-1111 111,- 11111111-l1i.,g_-l11_\' s:11isf:11-1-
111-_\' wi11111111 111111111- (‘.\1)(‘ll11ll1ll'(‘ 11_\'
1111- (L-1-111-1-111 _1_r0\‘1-1-111111-111. 01- if 1111s-
1-111111111 h1-1111111-111-:11-111-:111_\'. 1111-11 1111-

111-1i\-1-1-_\'111111-1-s 1-011111 111-1-.\'11-11111-11 10 1 .1: 
1111111111111 

111 s1-1111111 11i.s‘11‘i1‘1s :11 :1
1-os1.
()wi11}_-' 10 1111- 111-111-1-ss1-11 11111111-
111111 11't':1;_v-1-11-1111111-1-. ,\'11lll'1-111111111111-0
111-1-ins i1 i1s1l111_\' 10 1-1111 10 1111- 111—
11-1111011 0f1l11- N111i1111:1l (11-11111_-'1- 1111-
j._,ri-11\'i1_\'11f 1111: si111:11i011 111111 111-g_-‘1-
1111011 it 1111- 11111101-111111-0 111" _1_-'i\'i111_-
1111- 1111\'1-1-.s1- 1-111111111011 11t':11_v-1-i1-1111111-1-
its 1110s-1 s1-l'l11l1s 111111 1-111-111-s1 1-011-
si111-I':11i1111.
w111<:.\'1' .\.\' 11 1-1 1-1-11 1.\‘.

As 10 1111- low 111-i1-1-s 11fw111-111 111111

11111011111111 1111-i1-1-0s1 111111-1111111-111111. "

it is 11111 111-1111111111-111111 1l11-1-1- will 111-
111111-11 1111111-01-1-1111-111 for _\'1-111-s 10
1-01111-. as 11-1111 1111- 111111111-11111111 of
n1-w 1ll:l(‘1llll(‘l’_\’ our f()l'(,‘l_(_"l] 1-0111-
111-1i10i-s 011 1111- 1-as11-1-11 1-01111111-111
1111s-sia. 11111111. 1*I}_>-_\-111———:11111 011 lllls
1-111111111-111. 1111-. $011111 A1111-1-i1-1111
.s'11111-s—————\\'ill s-111111 110111111- 1l11-i1- 111-0-
11111-1i1111sa1 a 111111-11 11-ss (‘(),~'1 with
1l11-ii- 1-111-1111 l:11101- 1112111 111- 1-an 111-0-
11111-1- 1111-111. 111 1111- 0111111011 111')-11111-
1-111111ni111-1- 1111-1-1.-111-0 111 11,-as-'1 1w0
ways 0111-11 111 :1 s01111i011 of 1111-
si111111i011. T111-. 111-s1 is-101li\'1-1-si1',\'
11111-1-1-011s 111111 111-011111-1i1111s 111111 :1s
111111-11 as 1111s.s.i11l1- 11111111 1111101-1111-111
11 1101111- 111111-11-1-1 in 11111- 1111u111f111-1111--
in1_r 1-1-1111-rs. T111- 111l11-1- is h_\' 1111-
_<_1-0\'1-1-111111-111 1111_\'in_1_r an 1-x1101-1
111111111)’ 1-1111111 1111- 1-11s1 11f1l‘:ll1s11111'1-
1119 so as 111 11111 11111- wl11-at 1111111-01-
11111 11n 1111- 1'01-1-i,1_r11 l11:11'l{1‘1s 1111 121111111
f001i111_r wi1l1 111111 of 1-11i11i;1‘111111s
1-0111111-11-s.

'l'.\l€Il-'1’ A-.\'l) .\l()i\'l-IY.

As 10 1111- 111-011111-11011 of 1101-s1.-s,
the 1-11.-1-11-i1-111 oi- 11-11111-_\' s11-1-1-1 1-ail-
way sys11-111 will 111-0h11hly 111-1-111:111-
1-ntly s11111-1-s1-1111 1111- use of 1101-s1-s
for 111111111: s1-i-1-i1-1-. 1-.\;1-1-111111;: foi-
fancy 1-111-1-i11gc 11-:1111s 111111 1111-111 use.

As 10 1111- sol111i11n 111' 11101111-111'
and thc 1111111ct21i'y 11111-stions. we
would 111-go 1111011 1111- Nzitional
(1i-11iig1- to take the ini1i111oi-y stop
to invite 1111- 11-1111in_<_r in1111s11-i1-s 111111
1noi1cy1-11 institutions of 0111- 1-oun-
try to join in 1w11 joint 1-01111-1-1-111-1-s,
the one to considcl‘ 1111- 1111-111‘ 11u1-s-
tion and pi-1-11111-c 11 hill that would
111-, iiiutuzilly s111isfa1-1.01-_\'. and 1111-
01111-r 10 1-0i1si111-1- 1111- 11111111-1111-_\‘
11111-stion. and agi-1-c 111111n 11 has-is
that would he just 10 1111- wl111l1-
111-111111-111111 10 1111-I11-s1 lIl1.0l'(j:s‘1..s‘ of
0111' entire 1-o11nti-_\'. The nu1nh1-i-
ot'11elcg1i1.1.-s that s-11011111 1-1-111-cs1-111
each interest would hc11n:1f11-1-1-on-
si11er111i0n. l’11ssihl_v 1111-1-1-fi-11111
e111-h in1l11sti-y would he 111111111-, only
so that the 1iui11hci- would not he so
large that 11n 111-count of the cost,
any of the classes concern1-11 would
he 1lc11rive1l of 1-1-pi-escnt11ti11n.

Notes From National Lecturer.

It amounts to nothing to_ say’
that “The Grange is 11. good thing,
or that “It is doing a 0011 Work
among farmers.” _ That the
Grange needs today is not only
good words but good works, ac-
tual membership from those who
are friendly to its objects.

The objects and questions
brought before the Grange are

per cent. below the prices of politi-

varied in their nature, and their

11is1-ussion 1-1111s for su1-11 11 V111-i1-ty
of 11111-n1 that all 111111 1111 0111101‘-
1111111)‘ 10 h1-1-01111- 11sef111 11111110
s11a1-1- in 1111- ‘:1-111-1-111 -1111111-11\‘1-1111-111
1-1-s1111i11,~_r f1-111111-:11-n1-s1 work. The
111o1-1- fai-1111-1-s s1-1- of 1111- (11-a11}_re
as an 1-11u1-111111- 1111- 11101-1- 1111-_\' 111-1-
1111-1i111-11 10 1_>-i\'1- i1 s11111111I'1 111111
111:11<1- 11 0111- of 1111- 111-01111111-111 in-
s1i1u1i011s of 1111- 1111111 for 111.-lisl1—
i11_1_r 111111 111-\-1-10111111: 1111- 111ll11ls of
its 1111-111111-1-s 111111 of 1111111l11i11<._r
1111h1i1- 1-11:11-:11-11-1- in 1111- 1-i1_-‘111 11i-
1-1-1-11011.

ls0l:11i011 11-1111s 10 1-111111-:11-1 1111-
1111-111111 11111-121111. 11' 1111-11 .s1-1- 111111-
Uf 1111- \\H1'111. 1111-_\' :11-1- i111-11111-1110
11111111’ 111111 1111-i1- 01111 01-1111 is 1111-
0111- in 111111-11 1111- n10s1 111' 11111111111.
i1_\‘ 11111;-111 111 1-1-1-011-1-. .\ 1;-111111
(11-:1111_;1- will 111111-1111s 111111 si111i1:11'
1-1-1-0111-011s011i11i011s11111 011111-111111-
01’ :111,\‘ 1'.-11-1111-r and 111:11<1- 111111 :1
\':1s11_\' 111-111-1' 1111111.

'l'111- (11-:111_1_1-1- 11-11111-1-s 1111- 1111-11 of

ii1111-11i;_:1-111-1- 111111 1:11-~_-1-1-x111-1-11-111-1-.

111111 111:111_\' 01' 1111-111 :11-1- 1111-11 of
1-1111111-1-211111 11-:11-11i11_1_-‘. S111-111111-11
111-1- 111-0:111 111111111-11 111 1111-i1- \‘i1-ws
11111111 >111-1:11 11111111011111-:1111111-s1i011s,
1111111111-,\' 1-1111 1-1-:111i1‘\- s1-1- 1111- 111-1-1-ss-
i1_\'01' 111'_1_-1111121111011 1'01‘ 1111- 111-0-
11-1-11011 111' 1111-i1- 1-i1_r111s 111111 for
111-1>111-1- l(‘1_1'l.s'l:1ll(>ll in 1111-ir I11-111111‘.

GFFICIAL DIRECTORY

01111-1-I-s .\'1|1i0n:1l (£1-1111;;-1-.

  

.\l11s11-1' .1. ll. 151-1:11.-1111  ., . ll.-11:1. 111111»
1)\-1-1'41-1-1‘ 1-1.“. 1).1\"‘ .. . ..\'.'1111:1 l111s:1_1':1l.
1.1-1-1111-1-1 11111-111-~11-1-. V1

    
   

 ~~l]1111

.\1-w \0rl1'
‘ .l11l1l1 'l'1-11111111-. ,..\\'as11i11r_'t1111.11.1’.
(1:11 l\1-1-111-1‘ \\'.l-1.11.-11-l1;111g'l1 .  ..\liss11uri
1'1-1-1-s .\lr.s. .\l. .\'. 1:111:11:-........ ..l't-1111s_ '
1’1-111111111 .\l1->. .\l.:1-,\ 111-:11-11011 . . . ..
l"1111':1 M1-s. .\111111- 1..
1.11113 .\s.s'1 .\'11-\\-'11

s11111
- 1»-1111-_\-
,.

   

.\l1-s..\111.-11111111101-11-11.3111-11.
I-In-1-11l1\v ('11n1111ii11-1-.
1,1---11:11--1 ll1111111- . . . . ..1'1-1111-1-111111. 1‘:-1111.s_\l\.-111121
ll. 11. 111111-11i11~1111. . ..  .. .  ., ....\'i1-ui11i:1
J. .1. \\ 011111111111   .. ... 1’.-111 l’:1\\'. .\li1-111141111
Ullil-1-I-s .\li1-I1

  
 

,-1111 .\'1:111- (£1-1111,;-1-.

  
  
  

.\l;1s11-1- 11.11. 11111-11111  . l-'1-1111 1111121-
1l\-«-1-s1-1-1- .\l.".l'1   ........l‘a11n,\1-1-1
1.--1-1111-1-1‘ .l:1s011\\'11111l111:111 .. l‘:1\\‘ l’;1\\'
>'t1-w:11-11 ——1i1-111-v.'1- l.. 1':11-lish-. .1(:1l1<:1sl(:1

.\ssis111111 S11-\s;11-11 .l.l1..\1:11-1111.1!--x1‘2.(11-111111

ll.-11-i11.s.
1'11;1111.-1i11 .\l.'1i-_\' .\. .\l.-1,\'11 , ..ll.-11111-1'1-1-1-11'
'l‘1-1>:1s-11r1-1- 1-I. .\. SI 1-11111:. .. ..   ..\'i1-kshliru
5'1-1-r1-1.-_11',\ J1-1111i1- 11111-11.... .. .. . . . ...\n11 .\1-11111‘
111111-l\1-1-111-r \\'i1l1:1111110111-1-1s011.  111-s-111-1-1:1
1'1-1-1-s M1-s. 31111-,\ 110111-1-ts011....  .. .111-~11:-1-i.-1
l"l111-:1 .\l1‘s. l'ls11-11:1 11111-11.. . .  .. . . l'1111111 1'11)-
1’11I111111:1 .\l1-s. .lI1li;1 .\l1-l'1I11-1- ‘ -1h,\'

......,...>«lI1
1.. .\. S11-\\-:11-11— .\11-s. -l. ll.M111-1111.111-111111llapiuls

I-Ext-1-utii-0 (‘uii1n1i111-1-.

.1. (1. 1{:1n1.s-111-11. 1'11:1i1'1111111 . . . . . . .. T1-1-1\'1-1-s1~ ('11)
ll. 1). l’l:11t....... . .........\11~il:1111i
' 1.111-.1-.... .........('11l1l\\'1111-r
\\'1'iL.'l11 .. .. .. .('11l1lwnt4-r

1:1)-11. . 11111111-1'1-1-1-11
1111111  ..>'-|11-lh_\-

    

.".'.ll.11x11- 1111111-ls
 .. 131-nit 1{i111.:1-
......\n11 .\I‘1111I‘

\\'ul'k in

1 . ., .  .ff
1". 1\'.ll{1-1|l'1-1-11 . . . . . . . . . . .. .

1‘_ L [ -1 1 ., 
:1‘!-111111-li111'-11' \ ""\ 0'1" "l  ,

('11111n1i111-1- 1111 Hu-

 

.\l1-s. .\l:11-,\'.\. .\l:1_\11  ..  L-11111-('1'1-1-11'
31 . .\1:11-,1‘ S111-1-\\-11011 lli1111.~.., ..........\'l.-11111111
.\l1‘.s'. 111-111-li11_\1-1-.  . . ....11z11'111l:|
(if‘llI'l'ill D1-11111)’ I,('I'llll'I‘l'.~«.
M211-)'.\ .'\l11_\'11............. ..ll.-11111-1'1-1-1-11'
11011. J. J. \\'1m1l111:111.....  . . l‘11w l’:1\\'
ll1111. 1'. 11. l.u1-1-  ..   .. .. .(‘0l1l\\:111-1‘
11011. l’1~1-1-_\ )l11_\-0.. ., 

. . .. 11.-11111-('1-1-1-111'
111111. 'l'1111111:1s' .‘v1:11-s. . . . .. . .  . .111-1-1-11-11 1'1-1111-1'

 

.l:1s1111 \\'11111l1n.-111...... . .  .. ..  .. . l’:1w l'11\\'
.\. 1). 11111111.... ..   l..'111si111.{
1'. 1.. \\'11i1n1-_\'....... ..........\l11sl1-1-_1{1111

(‘oulily In-1111114-s.
1). ll. S11-l111i11s...... . ....\1w11111l. .\1111-1111 1‘11.
1'. V. i\'.-1.sh.,.. . 111011111111-_'1|:1l1-. .\111-111111 “
ll. 11.111-,\'1111l1ls  '

  

 
   
 
   
    
 

 1111.-11111. 111-11111-
1l1-11r1:1- 1§11w.s1-1. .. ..  ._ . l)11w1i111.,'. 11.-11-r,\'
J111111-s 1). .\'111.l11-_1 . . . . ..1'11ion1‘it_\'. l4r;1111-11
K. V. 1'l;11‘k . , .. .........l1111-1111111111. 111-I-1-i1-n
.1. \\'. 1-.'n111-st   .. .51. J11l111.s. ('li1111111 "
M111-,1-.\. M.-1_y0.... .. .1 111- (‘1-1-1-11-. 1'.-1111111111 "

. 1.1111-\-oix. 1'11.'u'1I-1.-nix
. 111-11 . . . . . _ . ._1'11:11'11-voix. 1'l1arl1-\-oix
_\l)r:1111 M1111-r..  . . ‘ 1'11.-is
F. ll.().~h01-11.. .. 1.11011
Isaac l{11ss---11.. ....\l11111.(i1-1111111
John l’:1s.s-11101-1-.. l11sl1i111.:, 111-111-s1-0
1-I. (). L.-11111.. .011 . 1s.s1011.1l1-111111 '|‘1-111-1-rs1-
M rs. 1-}. 1). .\'11k1-s. ....\\‘l11-1111111111 lli1l.s'1l:111- “
ll. .\. 1§r0w11.... .. .  ..h':11111 111-111-l1.ll11ro11
l).H.l£11glisl1... .  ..1'h:1i11l11-r, 1011111 “
1’. W. 11:11-1-11s... ....l“i11-11h11r1;. 11141111111 “
.1. .\. ('1111r11-11:111.
l{0h1-rt D1-1-k1-ry.
J111111-s111-1-111-1-11....
llii-am l§ra11sh11w.

\\'illi11111('l111-k ... 1'
1*)

  

 
   
    

. . .... l\

.. K:1lka.sk.'1. Kall1aska

..\'01-111 111-11111-11.1111111.-1-1'

..lii'i1.(l111111.LlVl11,1.:st1111 "
  11.L1-11:1w1-,1-

  
   

 
   
 

..l>1-;11- 1.1
.l1-s.si1- la. Wi1lia111s....l1i1: 11111111 . .
.... .. .. . . l)l>'(‘1). l\l.'1(-1111111 “
.. ..l-‘I111 Rock. M11111-110 “

   

  
  

‘. 1-. 11111-1-1111a. M 1.21111 “
W. \V.( .1r11 1- ...\.s-111111111. 31- 1y1.:11 ‘-
.\. .1. (‘1-11s ...  ...Y11.sil11i1ti. ():1klnn1l “
li0h1~r1 .\l\\'z11-11 . . . . . . ..l11i1lso11vill1-,()1111\\'a “
R. H. 'l‘a_\-lor. . .. ..  .. .. . .S111-lby, 01-.1-111121 "
1). M 111-1111 . . . . . .. ... V1-r111111. Shiawz s1-1- “

  
  
   

.\. \\'. 11111111-111..
Vl'11i. li. Lzii11:l1
llolwrt T1-1-l1_\'.

..  .. . ..\vocn. $1.1 lair "
__1‘1-1111-r\-i111-. S1. J11..s‘1-1111
._.l11r1-11 R1111. 2421151111111-

.\1.1‘. K1-r1-. (‘111-som-i111-. Snnilac “ -
H1-11-n .\. 1-'1.s l.a1wr1~111-.1-. Van li11r1-n “

.l11hi1 li. \\'i11-1111:...  .  l’l,\-1111111111. Wz1y111-
.l1111l1.\. 1\l1-1,)o11-,v111....\11sil1111ti. W.-1s11-11:1\v “
11.1‘. Norris. . ..  . ._....1‘:1dill:1c. “'1-x1'11r1l “

Revised List of Grange Supplies
K1-111 in 1111-111111-.1-11f.\‘1-c’y 011111-
MICH lGA.\' S'l‘A'l‘E GRANGE

A1111 s1-111 out 1111.~'1-])i1i1l on r1-c1.-i111 of cash order.
uv1-r.t111- Seal of_ a Sllh()I‘(llllE\l"L* (:ran1.:1-, and
1111-. .s,-1_1.:1i1i1.ur1- of its Master 01: b1-crt-tary.

Porceliiiii ballot 111211-blos, per l1u111lr1-d.  .310 75

S1-cr1.-tary:s 11-d1.:er. . . . . . . 2471
S1-ci-1-tary s record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\.’:
Treasurer 5 orders, bound, per hundred. . . . 35

S1-cretaryls r1-ceiyts l'11r1lu1-s,p1-r liundi-1-d.. 3:’)
Treasurer s rect-1111.5 for dues, p1-r l1undro1l.. 35
Applications for m1-mb1-1-ship. per liundred 50

Witlidraxval cards, per dozen.... ..  25
Demits, in envelopes, per dozen . . . . , . . . . . . . . 25
Bylaws of the State hrange. single copies.
11|c;per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75
"Glad Echoes,” with music, single copies.
25c;per dozen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 3

Grange Melodies. single copy. 400; per doz. 4 ()0
Opening Song Card, 21: each : 751: per 50; 100 1 35
Rituals, 7th edition (with combined degrees.) 2

   
 

  

Zficeachzperdozeu.......:..... 15
Rituals, 5th degree, set of nine. . 1 80
Rituals, Juvenile, single copy... .. ..  . 15
Notice to delinquent members. per 100. .. .. . 40
American Manual of Parliamentary Law.. 50
Di est of Laws and Rulings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25
R0 1 books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._ . . . . . . .. 15
Sample package cooperative literature. . 18
Kelley’s History of the Grange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Write for prices on gold pins, bad as, work-
ing tools, staff mountings. seals. ba ot boxes
and any other Grange supplies. Address

MISS JENNIE BUELL,
Ann Arbor, Mich.

Y

-J;

    

A »«.J«-. v -.-.~A.-1.-. ».a.,«'z.»1'-¥iu.-;A‘- 

'1

'S.=31L7?'Z'f!7«!2’s'~'J1".~..»«.’~1L’:-’$vr=‘1r-N‘

1 ,1-‘~.U’.t.

-— - -:_..-;:_._- __--.'..-..n.".»-——-~.«."' ‘  -

 

 '..u.'.H'. .- '-

 

 


 

»».L

V
i
l

1.1‘
i
is
l
1
is

...,‘v"'.

  P

farmers’ institutes and state appro-

FEBRUARY 7 , 1895.

THE GRANGE V ISITOR.

-1

Paints for Barns and Outbuildings,

ATRONS”

PATRONS’ PAINT WORKS have sold Ingersoll Paint to the
Order P. of H. since its organization. House Paints and Cheap

10.000 Farmers testify to their

merits. Grange Halls. Churches. School Houses. Dwellings. all over the land‘
some of them painted 15 vears ago. still looking well. prove them the most

durable.

MICBIGA N PATRON5‘ “Buy direct

from Factory" at full wholesale
Prices and save all Middlemen’s

Profits. «

O. W. INGERSOLL, PROP.

Oldest Paint House in America.

241-243 Plymouth st., Brooklyn.

once.

W

Sample Color Cards, “Contidentlal" Grange Discounts, Es-
timates and full particulars MAILED FREE, Write in

0 .

Ingersolvs Liquid Rubber Paints

Indestructible Cottage and Burn Paints

A Few Thoughts.

ED1T()R(irRA.\'Gl~1 VISITOR: I have
taken the VISITOR a great deal of
the time since it wa.‘s first issued.
I am pleased with reading the opin-
ions of different men relative to

)I‘l:ll.l()IlS. Icanit help but agree
with them. not only on account of
their reasons given. but also as it’
will help circulate money.

Now, politicians may t:1lk high
tariff and low tariff; tariti for pro-1
tection and tariff for revenue only, f
or free tra< le,and all this t:1lk ( locsn‘t 1
seem to relieve the wants of the[
middle and lower classes. 7

Itis my opinion, and it would‘,
seem that it must be the opinion of:
every unbiased, intelligent citizen, 
that more money must be got in,
circulation in order to do the bus-
iness of the country and pay indi-
vidual, corporate. state and natioii-
al indebtedness. The question is..
how shall this condition of things
be brought about! Our statcsinen
must see that they haven't made
any laws to benefit the inasscs.
(There may be :1 very few excep-
tions.)

Now it. looks very evident to my
mind that our law-makers should,
in the first place. make all medium
of exchange money; no currency,
all a legal tender, and in suflicielit
quantities to do the business of the
country without any credit system.
Then, to get the money in circula-
tion. set the people at work on in-
ternal iinprovenients. (iive every
man and woman a chance to work
and earn their living. and if there
should be any who would rcfiise, to
work but \voiild tramp from place
to place, arrest them :1iid set them
at work. All we ask is :1ii even
chance in the r:1ce for life.

Now, it is not my intention on
this occasion to prest-.rt :1 lengthy
article. I would like to call the
attention of the readers of thc Vis-
I'[‘()l{ to matters of national iinpor—
tance. There has been much said,
relative to free mail delivery. I I
believe one citizen of the I'nitcd
States has as good rights to the
benefits of the postal system as an-
other. ,.\'()lll(3 people :1re foolish
enough ‘to oppose it on the grounds
of being expensive. Isift it costly
to pay the soldicl‘sf ll:1s it not
only benefited the soldiers but put
money into circulationf It would
benefit the people in vaiioiis ways.
The postal depzirtiiicnt pretends to
think that f:1riiiersdon't want free
delivery. \Ve should let the de-
partment know that wc claim equal
rights as citizeiis of the I'nited
States.

New I have intentioii-ally been
very brief. I may sometime in
theufutiire present my views iiioi'e
at length. I hope to hear from
others. F. E. Siioriiv.

Points on Weeds.

“A weed is any useless or troub-
lesome plant."

“A plant out of place or grow-
ing where it is not wanted.”

“Tobacco. "

A plant whose virtues have not
yet been discovered.“—.[:‘m«~r.wm.

VVeeds everywhere! their pres-
ence should cause alarm: the y
thrive in the cornfield, they choke
wheat in the field, they annoy the
gardener, they thrive in the mead-
ow, they spring up by the road-
side, they encroach on the swamp,
they damage the fleeces of the
sheep.

DISADVANTAGES OF WEEDS.

1. They rob cultivated plants of
nutriment.

2. They injure crops by crowd-
ing and shading.

3. They make cleaning of seed‘
diflicult.

4. Most of them are of little
value as food for domestic animals.

5. They interfere with a good

rotation. ,1

some SMALL BENEFITS.
1. They are of some use in the

World to induce more frequent and
thorough cultivation which bane-

fits crops.
2. A new arrival of a weed of

the _first rank stimulates watchful-
ness.

3. In occupying the soil after :1
crop has been removed, they pi‘e-
vent the loss of fertility by sliml-
ing the ground.

WHAT i:.\'..1iii.i»:s .1 l’l.A.\"l‘ TU in-:co.\ii-1
.1 wi-mi)!

l. .\'oinetiiiics by producing anl

enormous number of seeds.
2. In other cases by the great

, vitality of their seeds.

2-’). Some :1re very succulent. and
even when pulled ripen seeds.

-1. Often by ripening and scat-
tering seeds before the cultivated
crop is mature.

ii. Sometiines by ripening seeds
at the time of liarvesting :1 ci'op.
when all are harvested together.

ti. Some seeds are

cultivated.

l

‘ with the needs of their respective,

_ i spectivc localities.
ditiicnlt to‘
separate from the seeds of the crop ,

7. Some seeds :1rc very Hnnllli

and escape notice.

N. Sonic plants go to seed long.

before suspected, as no showy
flowers announce the time of
bloom.

9. In :1 few cases the plants
break loose from the soil when
mature and become tumble weeds.

1“. Some seeds and seed like
fruits are fnrnislicd each with a
balloon or sail, or with grappling
hooks.

ll. Some have creeping root
stocks or tubers.

12. Some weeds defend them-
selves with forks or bayonets.

1?». .\lost of them are disagree.-
able iii taste or odor. so that do-
mestic animals leave them to occu-
py the groiind and iiiultiply.~—-/)/'.

lfclt/.
Alsike Clover.

_ I’r1-ss l)iilI¢-tin .\'o. 7. Micl1i:.{:1n Exp:-riiiii-ill
Station. .I:1iiii:1ry l:'1. l.\‘.0.'i.

l"l'()lll present indications the
:1iiioiiiitof Alsike clover sown in
.\Iichigan the coming spring will
be very lai'gc. This species is re-

ceiving attention mainly on ac-
count. of the recent failures of red
clover. owing to dry weather and
the attacks of insects. particul:1i'l_v
the iinported clover root borer.
\'.»\l.l'l-I.

l‘ol' most purposes Alsike is in-
ferior to either early or inainmotli
clover :1iid it has not become gciieral-
l_v popular at the c:1st:1iid in lingland
where it has long been known. It
does not yield so much. either of
hay or pasture, as those kinds, and
will not stand 1lrouth« as well. It
is, however, more liardy against
cold than other clovers, :iiid is es-
pecially adapteil to low or lieavy
lands where red clover winter kills.
\\'hen rcstiicted to such locations
it has given general satisfaction,
but nuicli disappointinent. has re,-
sulted in dry seasons from sowing
it on sandy iip—lands. Alsike serves
well on low land to mix with tim-
othy, and such a mixture is excel-
lent for horses, since Alsike hay, if
properly cured, is brighter Land
freer from dust than that of the or-
dinary clovers. On heavy or uneven
soil :1 little Alsike seed mav well
be mixed with that of red 1-liove.r to
improve the stand. The seed be-
ing very small, not more than half
the usual quantity is required per
acre.

FOR SEEI).

At present Alsike. is :1 profitable
crop to grow for seed. It yields
more seed per 2lCl'9 than (:()n1]n()n
red clover. and will generally pro.
duce a crop of seed when that of
red clover fails on account of the
root—borer. It is able to do this,
not by reason of exemption from
the attacks of the borer, but be-
cause of its seeding on the first
crop, before the insects have had
time to destroy the plants. Alsike
shells very easily when ripe, and
should be cut for seed as soon as
a majority of the heads have be-
gun to turn brown. In most cases
suflicient seed will shell out to re-
seed the field spontaneously. Al-
sike straw, after the seed is
threshed, makes good fodder.

Cynics and optimists alike whose im-
agination is not dead might give 3 few
minutes’ profitable reflection to the fact
that 68, 402 wedding rings were pawned
in Paris during the past year.

A New Plan

For Seed Distribution by the Depai-tine-nt
of Agriculture.

For the present wasteful and ex-
travagant distribution of seeds it
is proposed to substitute a limited
distribiition of new and rare vari-
eties through the agricultural ex-
periment stations now in operation
in all the states and territories.

These stations are in charge of:

ti':iiiicdcxpcrts who :1re fainiliar

loc:1lities. Ir co-operation with

the l'. S. departiiicnt of agricnl-Z _ _ . ‘
‘_,lllll(‘, the I iiitcd btatcs

ture the stations can casil_v ascer-
tain what new and r:1re varieties
are available and can select such
kinds of seed as will be i11ostlikcl_v
to give good results in their re-
‘ They will be
able to engage the scrvicesof com-
pctcnt farmers. who will make full

itestsof the seed under directions

given by the stations. The results
of these tests will be distributed in
the bulletins of the stations which
are regularly issued to more than
5oo,ot 1o persons directly connected
with the agricultural industry. and
which are largely quoted by thous-
ands of agricultural :1nd other pa-
pers. In this w:1y, at :1 compar-
atively small expense, it will be
practical to secure whatever use-
ful rcsuits are possible through the
distribution of seeds.

TIIF. l'l._-\.\' 1’R0l’(,):~'F.I).

The proposed bill to i'egiilatetl1e
distribution of seeds through the
experimentstations takes into ac-
count the fact that the needs of
dill'ercnt coiiimunities in this direc-
tion vary greatly. In many states.
particularly in the north and cast.
it is comparatively easy for the far-
mers to obtain seeds even of vari-
eties which are new and rare. In
certain regions of the south and
west, on the other hand. there is
great need for the introduction of
better varieties than are now used
or for exp1-riinental tests to deter-
mine what kinds of plants will
grow best in those regions. It is
therefore left with the secretary of
agriculture to determine, :1ftcr con-
sultation with the otlicers of the
experiincnt stations, to what ex-
tent seeds shall be (ll.\'Il'Il>llIt-Al in
any p:1rtic1il:1r locality.

It has soinetiines been urged in
behalf of the present method of
seed distribution that while it is at-
tended with great expense, never-
theless. in some cases the seeds dis-
tributed by the depzirtincnt have
proved so valuable that the prolits
to the fariners resulting from the
widespread distribution and use
have more than paid for all the ex-
pense attending the government
distribution.

lint, ev_en grzinting that this is
true, the distribution through the
stations is far more likely to secure
these beneficial results and at far
less expense, and the mass of our
fariners will not be subjected to
disappointment and loss as they
have often been by using seeds
sent out from the department
which had not been previously
tested to determine their adapta-
bility to the regions to which they
were sent.

R]-Zl'()P.TS.

\Vhile under the present plan al-
most no reports of any value are
received, the stations will be able
to get many definite reports and,
through the publication of results
in their bulletins, will not only
carry direct information regarding
the seeds distributed to the far-
mers, but will also call their atten-
tion to the desirability of the di-
versification of crops in many re-
gions, and thus aid in the develop-
ment of our agriculture. Along
with the results of the test, the
stations will undoubtedly publish
information regarding the proper
culture and management of such
plants, as tests have shown to be
useful in their respective localities.

The system proposed will thus
in every particular meet the real
needs of our people regarding the
introduction of new varieties of
plants, and will be free from the
abuses and inconsistences which
have characterized the old method

1
1

‘seller in linglaiid.

 

lof tll.\'tl'll)llll()ll.-~.\'vt‘/'r/rI/‘I/ If .14-
/‘/‘C///ill/‘t’,

Wheat in English Markets.

The United I{ingdom took inl

from foreign countries during the
nine inontlis ending Septeinber
I341. lstll. nine million (n,ooo.ooo)
bushels more wheat tl1:1ii dui'iiig
the sauic months in the year 1.*~‘*.1:’.:
but the increased sliipineiits into
Iingland of wheat were priiicipall_v
from l{llssi:1. the .\i'gcntine lit‘1)lll)—
lic. and ;\lI.~‘tl':ll:l.~'l:l. l)uriiig that
did not
maintain its position as a wlie:it—
In those nine
months there was :1 falling oti' in
Ameri -an wheat upon the linglish
markets of thirteen and :1 half iiiil—
lion (1:-1.31 ltlqtll Ml) \\'iiicliestci- bush-
els. The decline in v:1luc was pro-
portionately far gr alter. and
amounted to eight million four

hundred and tliirty—tlii'cc tliousaiid

dollars ($.\‘.-li-it-%,tl1_l(l). .\ pi'iiiiai'_v
cause for the falling otl' of Aineri—
c:1n wheat in liiiglisli lll:ll'l\'(‘l.\' du-
ring the early p:1rt of this year is
found in the fact that Argentine
was :1 free seller, while our people
iii:iiiitained prices :1 little above the
lh'itish market. On October 2.3.
18$!-L, the market appears more iii-
clined to higher figures. There is
:1 distinct indication of activity and
a better trade. with. however. only
sliglitly improving prices. Ap-
pendcd hereunto is :1 table showing
the prices of .\1nei'icaii :1iid British
wheat, and Iiiiglisli barlc_v. and
beef and potatoes. during each
month in the year l.\".1+ down to
and including Scptcnibcr 25'.

Prices of Certznin Food l‘ro1lui-ts in (ire-at
Britain on the First Day of Iizu-Ii
Nlollthtor(In-i'eahoi1ts1oftlin:

Year 189-1.

     
       

 

 

 

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--
‘.’—‘
—- NC»
>—:;
:’zg:.~
s-_*.1..:;
‘:-=:".:~
1:55
d ..;.§j 
, fl...
: T hen":
Q m hw_—-_
x;~ -
_ g_ .
-0-,_.._.’«
:.2:;-.-: .
my _~, .
wm2<2€

These tables are of value to the
American farmer. They illustrate
the fact that the price of wlic:1t is
now, and iniistalwaysbe. governed
by the relation of the supply of
wheat to the demand for wheat.
Improved farming iinpleincnts and
machinery have reduced the cost of
production. \Vlieat will, in all
probability, remain at relatively
low figures in all time to come, ex-
cept when there a1'e failures of the
crop in large wlieat-growing sec-
tions of the earth. The great coiii—
petitors of the United States in the
production and sale of wlieatare the
Argentine Republic, Australasia.
and Russia. The capabilities of
the last named country as a bread-
prodiieer are beyond computation.
Already, American farm imple-
ments and machinery are finding
enormous sale in that Empire, and
permanently established agencies
of the great reaping and other
manufacturing concerns of the Uni-
ted States are solidly located at
Odessa and other important entre-
pets to the wheat—growing regions.

Looking. at cheap bread from
the standpoint of the consumer,
the world is fed better and oftener
than it ever was before. The prof-

l

‘its of the producer :i1'c now divid-
ied. so that the consuiner gets a
:1 large share thereof. lint it inat-
lters very little to the pi'oducci' of
i wheat in the I'iiitcd .\l:l't('s wliat
the price inay be if l1c is permitted

to buy in the i1i:1i'kcts wlici'e he is’-

coinpclled to sell. In other words,.
if the price of the f:irincr's wheat is
. fixed in lfuropc. thcrc isiiogoodrc:1-
son why the prices of the things he
‘has to bii_v should not also be fixed
in linropc. In selling. the f:ii'iner
competes with all the world. To
give him an equal chalice he ought
also to be allowed to buv where all
lthc world coinpetcs. lC1iropc:ii1:1iid
‘all otlici' foreign in:ii'kcts for wheat
iiidicatc that the competition in
that ccrc:1l is coiistaiitly iiicrcasiiig
and intensifying. The Argentine
licpublic is capable :1lrc:id_v of plac-
ging tliii'ty—five millions (:’..'..ooo.—
1 HM?) of buslicls of wheat :1 year on
Ethc ICuropc:m in:1rkct. while it
Elias only live millions (.’»,ooo,ooo)
mt population. The Argentine
wheat fields average less than loo
‘miles from dccp—w:itci'liarbors. To
re:1cli shipping ports .-\rgcntine
wheat pays no appreciiible iiil:1nd
fi'eigl1t. lint the wlieatof the l'-iii-
ltcd States averages quite :1 heavy
traiispoi't:1tioii cliarge in rcucliing
|l.ll(‘ sc:1bo:1rd. In short. we have :1
;long haul :1i1d the .\rgcntliie Re-
;public a short h:iul before reaching
ytlic Atliiiitic. I\’nssi:i. likewise,
‘g has the adviiiitagcs of :1 short li:1iIl
land speedy ti':insport:1tioii.
 There are inaiiysubsidi:1r_v crops
‘;to which the .-\i1icric:u1fariiier may
lprolitiiblyturnliisatteiition. \\'|icat
lwill not lici'c:ift,cr be our .st:1plcce-
,rc:1l product. (‘orii is constaiitly
ladvaiicing in iinpoi't:1ncc. because,
liof an c,\'cr—gi'owing <lcin:1iid for
llllill ccrc:il. which is evolved from
lithe various new iiscs to which it is
ibcing constantly :ippropri:ited. 
. 11)!!!/I/‘I’ (ff. 2'//4‘ .\'.'«'/‘w/«I/'.I/ 15/. _ 1,1//‘/I
VI‘!///I//'('_

l
l
l The Order in Vermont.

The Oi'<lci' in \'ci'inoiit is today
in :1 ])l'()sp1‘.l'oli.s‘1‘4ui<llli()ll. It was
not an easy iiiattcr to t1ii'n the tide
of :1<lvcrsity which nc:1i'l_v ciigulfcil
us :1 few _\'c:1i's:1g<>. to one of pros-
-pci'it_v.:1ii1l to popul:ii'i'/.c lhc()i'1lcr
which had become unpopular
tlirough the iniscoiiccptioiis of its
inission. and its misfortiincs in the
formative period of its existence,
biil tlirougli the pcrsistciit. wcll-1li-
l'<'('l(,‘<l clloi-ts of the otlic:-rs :1iid
iiicinbers of the (iiniigc. all work-
Iingiu ciitirc liarniony. and with
siiiglciicssof purpose. and that the
upbnildiiig of tlic()i'dci'.tlic results
have been most gi':1tif_viug and
show what can be :iccoiiiplisl1c<l by
intelligent. united ctl'orts. The
policy :1doptcd :1iid carried out for
rebuildiiig the Order in this state
has been— first. to strcngtlit.-ii and
nizike popular existing tlriingi-s,by
adoptiiig such :1 high st:1ndar1l of
social and intellectual culture and
dcvelopincnt as to coininend the
Order tothc most favorable consid-
eratioii of the public; :iiid second,
to take :1dv:1i1tagc of the healthy
public seiitiincnt thus created to
gain new incinbcrs and cai'i'_v the
good work into newer fields of la-
bor. The large iiicreiise in iiieni-
bcrsliip during the past four or
five years has ileiiioiistratcd the
wisdoiii of this policy, and the
books of the seci'ctary will show
that the gain in ineinl.~ership the
past year has been larger than for
any preceding year since the early
days of the Order in this state.

One new Pomona (li':1n0'e—

, , I“
\\'as_hiiigtoii, I\o. Hdhas been or-
ganized during the past year, and
is doing good work. No new sub-
ordinate (lrraiiges have been organ-
ized during the year, but new fields
have been worked, the seed has
been sown, and a rich harvest of
new and reorganized G ranges
seems assured in the near future.
It will, however, require much la-
bor and no little effort on the part
of otficers, deputies and members
to accomplish the desired results,
but I am confident that neither la-
bor nor efforts will be spared in
this direction. Vermont stands at
the front as an acrricultural New
England state, and: in order to hold
her present proud position, our

 

 

 

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.0 .~. .,... -M.-4..

    
 
    
  
   

  
   
 
  
 
   
 
 

 

  

farming population must kee
pace_With the rapid progress which
is being made by t e farmers of
our sister New England states.

These states not only have boards
of agriculture and dair rinen‘s as-
sociations, which we ave, but
their proportion of Granges is
much larger than in Vermont, and
the educational work which they
are doing is felt in nearly every
town in some of these states.

Vermont farmers cannot afford
to be behind the farmers of the
other New England states. Prog-
ress is the watchword of the hour.
and the Grange is one of the most
important factors in helping the
farmers to keep in line with the ad-
vancement which is made by other
classes ‘in society.

lleiim  ll1e:eeizigs-

LENAWEE PO.‘\l().\'A.

The next meeting of Lenawee county Pomona
Grange will he held with Rollin Grange Febru-
ary 7, 1895. Installation of officers by Worthy
Master G. B. Horton. Program in the after-
noon. Let all be prepared to take part in the
discussion of the question, “Is the drifting of
the rural population to the cities and villages
beneficial to farmers?" The fifth degree will be
conferred in the evening.

P. H. Dowiirxo, Lecturer.

Calhoun county Grange will hold its next
meeting with Home Grange February 14. 1895,
at 10 o’clock a. in. Program: Subject. Far-
mers’ Institute. 1. Financial report and sug-
gestions, Wm. S. Simons: 2. Entertaining vis-
itors from abroad. S. E. Woodwortli. Mary A.
Mayo: 3. To what extent can we afford to hire
competent speakers? F. B. Garratt, Bessie
Adams; 4. On what principles or plan should
the program be arranged, (1) T0 start the insti-
tute vigorously, (2) To secure the most. interest
from the general public, and best instruct the
farmers, (3) To accomodate speakers from
abroad, or guests of the institute. and (4) ’l‘o
duly recognize and please each home worker?
Loretta Poorman; 5. The reserved seat plan.
How it worked and how it may be improved,
Frank R. Minges, (7. P. ('hidL-ster: 6. What
class of subjects ought to be discussed at a far-
mers’ institute, and what omitted? J. M. Will-
ison. Susan Brown, Mary Hicks: 7. What is
the effect upon an institute of speakers failing
to appear at their scheduled time and place?

'. Lee. E. M. Brown: 8. “Is the play worth
the candle?” Kate Woodworth, Bro. Talmage,
Perry Mayo. Will any speaker or writer who
cannot attend, please write and sendin his part‘?
A full program is greatly desired.

l‘. (V. MCDERMIT). Lecturer.

BARRY POMONA.

The next session of Barry county
Grange will be held at Jolinstown
Grange hall, Friday, February 1.3,
commencing at 10:30 :1. in. An
evening session will be held if any
wish to take the fifth degree.

(‘oUN'ri' IiE(lTUREl{.

Gir‘a.ng;e 

\\'estern l’oinon:i ( lrzuige pas.-‘ed
resolutions favoring the fariiiers‘
institute bill.

The Patrons and tciu-lic-1's of
Oakland county l1c.ld ii very suc-
cessful institute at Poiitinc. Jan.
26. A i'esolution was passed con-
demning the sale of liquors at the
county fair.

Tallniadge Grange Hall was the
scene of a rousing little inceting
Jan. 26. Owing to storm which
was raging, only twenty faithful
ones were present, S(¥V0l‘:1l of whom
after some sharp skirmishing with
a huge ‘snow drift and the free use
of the shovel, Sllt‘('6C(l(}(l in reach-
ing the hall. while others were
obliged to turn back on account of
the drifted condition of the roads.

The contest booked for that date
was postponed until a more pro-
pitious occasion. One brother
thought he had posed before the
glass too much to vmste his “sweet-
ness on the desert air." Those
who attended \Vestei'n Pomona at
Herrington, reported a line time.

OBITUA RY.

Sister Annie Grant died January
14, 1895. She was a member of
Charity Grange, No. -ll 7, and held
honorary positions in the Grange,
and at the time of her death held
the office of Flora. She was an
earnest worker in the Grange and
was respected by all who knew her.
The loss of her kind, inotherly care
will long be felt.

Madison Grange has been sorely
afliicted in the death of two charter
members, Brother Edward Beal.
who was in his seventieth year, and
Sister Hattie Bea], both of whom
were past masters. The latter was
the daughter of our esteemed
brother, Thomas F. Moore.

MARY (.‘. ALLis, Secretary.

VVe regret to chronicle the sad
death of Geo. D. Pray of VVindsor
Grange, who died Jan. 19, from
injuries received the day before.
He was literally crushed to death
by a Shorthorn bull which he was
leading.

Mr. Pray was a charter member
of Windsor Grange and of Eaton

several times been delegate to
State Grange, and was present as
delegate at the last session. He
was a quiet gentleman, unostenta—
tious, thoroughly Christian, and
beloved by all who knew him.

VVindsor Grange has issued a
memorial card, in memory of Geo.
D. Pray, instead of the formal
resolutions, usually passed on such
occasions.

OLIVE BRANCH CLUB.

At the annual meeting of the
Olive Branch Farniers’ Club held
at the home of Hon. R. K. Divine,
Jan. 26. l0:)3, the following offi-
cers were elected for the ensuing
year:

Presidcnt—Jolin L. Wilson.

Vice President-Mrs. James Taylor.
Secretary—Mrs. J. L. Wilson.
Treasurer—Mrs. John Divine.
(‘haplain#Rev. L. (Thandler.

(‘.rop Reporter~R. K. Divine.
(‘orresponding Secretary—D. B. Millar.

GRATTAN (ERANGE, ‘so. 170

Met January in at a regular
meeting to install ofliccrs. \Ve
met early at the hall for a visit and
dinner, after which the meeting
was called to order by V\'. M. El-
kins, when Brother Davis pro-
ceeded to install. He then gave a
report of the State Grange. He
said he had no idea that the State
Grange possessed so imich power
and influence. Brother and Sister
Davis were very enthusiastic over
the Grange. \Ve hope they may en-
thuse every Grange they are called
on to visit. Fraternally yours,

AUNT KATE.
NEWAYGO l’OM0l\'A.

Newaygo county Grange in ct
with Ashland Grange, January 5).
The weather was fine and the roads
the best we have known for years.
Large delegations came from all
over the county. After :i subs‘_tan-
tial dinner, Worthy Master S. V.
lValker called the Grange to order.
VV , .
lhe unresponded parts of the last
program were called for, after
which the delegates to the state
Grange gave their reports.

in the evening the fifth degree
was conferred upon six candidates
and the following officers were
elected and installed:

Master. Carlos Kimball; overseer. Hawlcy
(‘rawford ; lecturer.Mrs. Mary Robertson: stew-
ard, .»\rthur(‘hrism-an: .-\. S.. Leonard (‘larkz
cliupluiii,llIrs. l’ho(-lie Hull; treasurer, Neil
Mc('allum;secretary. J. H. Mzicumber; gate
keeper. Louis Rt-inolult: Poinona. Mrs. (‘harles
Haskins, Flora. Miss Lottie Hinds: (‘eres. Miss
Laura Blood; L. A. 8.. Miss Mary Rciiioldt.

Tliursday morning the prograiii
was again taken up. the new Mas-
ter presiding.

The paper read by M. “V. Scott
was one of the finest ever read in
the county. The paper i'ea.d by
\V. S. Merrill was full of interest
and very pointed. Tliesc articles
will both be printed in our county
paper.

The biilzmcc of the morning was
taken up with interesting discus-
sions, among them the crczunery
agniiist the dairy led by \Vilkcs
Stuart.

Before closing, the Grange. ten-
dered the editor of the /)m/mm-«/2‘ :1
vote of tlianks for his kindness in
providing us with neatly printed
pi'ograiiis.

The Grange closed to meet with
Fremont Grange the first ‘Wednes-
day and Thiirsday in M arch.
After a bountiful dinner we started
for home, feeling that these two
delightful days had not been idly
spent, that the Grange is the best
educator in the world for the far-
mer, that socially it is a success
and is  enduring as the monu-
ments of time.

M as. .\IAi:v Roi;r:i:'rso.\',
Lecturer.

l\lON'l‘GOl\1F.R\' GRANGE.

By special invitation we at-
tended an oyster supper and banquet
at Brother VV. A. Montgomery’s, in
Burnside township, Lapeer county,
December 19, it being the twen-
tieth anniversary of the organiza-
tion of Montgomery Grange No.
549. Brother Montgomery, for
whom the Grange was named, (he
being the chief mover in its organi-
zation), fur ished the oysters, and
the other members the balance of
the menu. After the dishes were
cleared away we all repaired to the
spacious parlor there the Grange
choir gave us some splendid music,
and Brother Montgomery gave a
history of the organization and life
of their Grange about as follows:

Some time in October, 1874,
Brother Montgomery met Brother
C. L. VVhitney at Burnside village,
where the latter had been looking
after the interest of Burnside
Grange No. I, and on being intro-
duced to Brother Montgomery,

county Pomona Grange. He has

Ito hear Brother Whitney that eve-

Grange of Patrons of Husbandry
in his locality, at the same time ex-
plaining some of the aims and ob-
jects of the Order. Brother M.
said he didn't know, he would do
what he could. Brother Whitney
then asked if he could not make
arrangements for a meeting that
evening, and he said he would try,
and though it was five
miles he hustled home, thinking to
give notice through the school, but
he met some of the children going
home, told them, and then went
among his neighbors and succeed-
ed in getting quite a number out

ning, who explained the aims and
objects of the Order and got six
persons to sign an application for
a charter. That not being enough he
made arrangements with Brother
Montgomery to secure a sufficient
number to organize and then re-
port to him and he would come and
organize them into a Grange.
After a good deal of work and talk
he got the required number and
Brother Whitney came on the 19th
of December, 1874, and completed
the organization, and from that
time to the present it has had a
continuous existence, never having
become dormant and never but
once has it been marked delinquent
for dues and reports of the state

to a newly elected secretary not
fully understanding his duty.
During their twenty years of exist-
ence as a Grange eighty persons
have been identified with it, its
present strength being about forty.
Seven of the charter members were
present at the banquet. Brother
Montgomery has served as master
of the Grange ten out of the twenty
years of its existence and has at-
tended every regular meeting of the
Grange but three during that time.

This is a very brief sketch and
written from memory, as I was too
much interested to take note at the
time, but is in the main correct. It
is very extraordinary that a body of
men and women from the farm, not
knowing anything about such work,
should be so prompt and exact in
their report, but when you
you know the push and energy of
Brother M. you cease to wonder.
Brother George VVilson, one of the
charter members, gave us some
good remarks on the history of
their Grange after Brother Mont-
gomery got through. Then Broth-
ers Stover and Bradshaw, of North
Branch Grange, Brothers Hunting-
ton and Fairbanks of their home
Grange, gave short talks in a happy
mood form of the good cheer of
the evening. Sister Bradshaw
being called made some pleasant
remarks on the occasion. The
meeting was enlivened throughout
with music and song by the large
choir of young people of the Grange
and thus passed one of the most
pleasant entertainments it has been
our lot to attend in a long time.
A vote of thanks to Sister and
Brother Montgomery and we sepa-
rated and went home feeling it was
good to be a Patron of Husbandry.
Long live Montgomery Grange!
So say we all.

HARr<iso.\' BRADSHAW.

$300 DOLLARS FOR A N.-\i\IE.

This is the sum we hear the Salzer Seed Co.
oifer fora suitable name for their wonderful
new oats The United States Department of
Agriculture says Salzer's oats is the best of
300 varieties tested. A great many farmers
report a test yield of 200 bushels per acre last
year, and are sure this can be grown and even
more during 1895. Another farmer writes us
he cropped 112 bushels of SaIzer’s Marvel
Spring wheat on two and one half acres. At
such yield wheat pays at 300. per bushel. One
thing we know and that is that Salzer is the

largest Farm Seed grower in the world and
sells potatoes at $2.50 per barrel.

If You VVill Cut This Out and Send It
with 10c. postage to the John A. Salzer Seed
03.. La. Crosse, Wis., you get free his mammoth
eatplogue and a package of above $300 Palm

3 S.

A Chance to Make Money.

The times are hard but there always seems to
be opportunities for those who are willing to
work. In the past month 1 have made $17.‘)
above all expenses selling Climax Dishwashers.
and have attended to my regular buciness be-
sides. I never saw anything that gave as en-
eral satisfaction. One should not comp ain
where they can make over $6 a day right at
home. I have not canvassed any, so anxious
are people for (‘limax Dishwashers that they
send after them; any lady or gentleman can do
as well as l am doing; for anyone can sell what
everyone wants to buy. I think we should in-
form each other through the newspapers of op-
portunities like this, as there are many willing
to work if they knew of an open'ng. For full
particulars. address the Climax h fg. Co., (lo-
luinbus. Ohio. After you have tried the busi-
nelss a week,publish the results or the benefit of
ot iers.

We have just received from the P. C. Lewis
Mfg. (7o..,of Catskill, N. Y., a valuable treatise
on spraying, together with a report from the
Cornell university experiments and a spray cal-
endar which tells what kinds of trees and plants
to spray, when to spray, and what to spray
with. The formulas given on this calendar are
the latest from the department of Agriculture
at Washington. The above mentioned cata-
logue, report, and calendar will be sent free on
application. We would advise our readers to
write for them to above address.
be P. C. Lewis Mfg. Co. are reliable manu-

asked if he could not organize a

secretary’s office, and that owing‘

Soiuetliing Every Fruit Grower Should!
Read.

 

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

At Least I07.

why, is told in our pamphlets_

They are sent free.
dollars.

Results of experiments prove this conclusively.

FEBRUARY 7, 1895.

Complete Fertilizers

for potatoes, fruits, and all vegetables require (to secure the largest
yield and best quality)

Actual Potash.

How and

It will cost you nothing to read them,and they will save you
GERMAN KALI WORKS, 93 Nassau Street, New York.

v

    

.4.

vuvvwvvvvvv

have turned the tide of success to 3rd a nun so Pe h th
are all that you luck. The wholevsvtory .533‘ y we“ I ‘P5 E’

GREGORY’S SEEDS

. 13 told in Grc ory’s Catalogue for 1895-: book that helps solve all
;- the robleniso planting: sets you right when in doubt: given in detail
. -, _.‘ _ _ , the t farming knowledge right up to date. Ivsfree. Ask for it.

.- ' a - ' J. J. H. GREGORY Gr SON, Seed Growers, Marhlehend, Mun.

An--gggngnnn-g--g----Ag---;A-g----A---g-‘An----4
-

  
  

now buying,

copy?

llltoll6

is a book containing illustrations, prices and
descriptions of 30,000 articles in common use,
a book that will show you at a glance if you
are paying too much for the goods you are

WORTH ANYTHING TO YOU?

ls it worth the 15 CENTS in stamps re-
quired to pay postage or express charges on at

THE BUYERS GUIDE AND CATALOGUE ( issued
every March and September) is the book we
are talking about: you are not safe without a
copy of the latest edition in the house.

MONTGOMERY WHRD & CO.,

Michigan Ave., Chicago

ACME,

\':u‘ir-ty
ul sizes

   
    
  
   

 

.;-V ’5’-ti. .

  

Suitable ,
for all
work.

— DUANE H.
(Mention this paper.)

PIILVERIIING HABBOW,

CLOD CRUSI-IER AND LEVELER
Is adapted to all soils and all work for which ii Harrow is n Pd.
Flat crushing spurs pulverize lumps, level and smooth the ground,
while at the same time curved coulters ciiltiviue, lift and turn the
entire surface of the soil. The backwzirtl slant of the coul-
- ters prevents tearing up rubbish, and reduces the drait.

Mode entirely of cnst_steel and wrought iron,
and therefore practically ind:-strnctible.

CHEAPEST RIDING HARROW ON EARTH.
Sells for about the same as an ordinary rlr-.ig——.~“_t~' and upwards.

.——I deliver free on board at (list:-i'huIin;; points.

'' N. B
   to responsible farmers, to he rcuirned AG:N‘rs

at my expense, if not satlsiiit-tor_v. wAN'rEp

NASH, Sole Mfr., MILLINCTON, N. J.,
and 30 South Cuniil .'§'lre(!t, CIIICAGQ

‘ . .. ‘_ f. V

. - V , _ 5. . .

SALZER - SEEDS .

' ' In or 200,000 pleased Far-

nii-ri-, Market Gardener: and

Citizen: uncut to the superi-
oi-iiy n|'

h.'.\LzEI{"5 SICIZDS.

“'c lure the only sci-Iiunu-n

in Anirrli-n unsldllgnupct-iuit_\

. of Purm fletill, and are Ihc

lnrgcnt growl-rs of’ (hits,

\\'l’u'uI. l’olnI.u(-I, Gr-n...i»..
Cluvci-ii. ctc.. In the world!
1,000,000 ROSES,
l’luntiI and Small Fruits.
"EGETABLES.

, Splcn-lld assortment of trini-

cd. In-n\‘y 3 ll‘l(lIlI|: 30!‘!!!-

35 Pkzs. Enrllc-At \'e¢i-ln-
blew, pm-tpnld. $1: 10 plign.
Flower Seeds, 250. Mammoth
- Seed Book, I44 page». free

2' for 5 cents postage 2
J 0 H

NA.SALZE'R SEED ice.
LA CROSSEWIS‘. »

GRASS IS KING

We are the only seedsmen making the growth of
farm seeds grasses and c-lovers a great spat-I_alty. _ ur
Extra Grass und Plover Mixtures last a lifetime with
out renewal. Prices dirtcheap, Mammoth farm seed
catalogue and samp 9 ram! Mixture free for 70.

    

  
   
 

 
 
 
 

 
  
        
   
   
   
        
      
   
   
   
      
   
 
  

. l

l f G
postage. lllllll A. SILTER SEED GIL. La trout. Wll.

A No. 1 FARM
‘$20’? HARNESS

Made of first-class stock and
warranted. and all Maud-
Dlnde. We retail all our
Harries! alnvhiilesale PYW”
and ship anywhere on up
pl'0VBl and guarantee sans
faction.
Write for Catalogue.

HANDMADE llillNllSSCl

 

'F|r .»uAi_rrv ~-

An All-Round “Deal.”

"IDEAL" DEALERS all deal in
"IDEAL" DEAL Buggies, because
agood deal of their trade prefer a.
good deal to a. miss-deal. Conse-
quently they buy “ Deal” vehicles.
Ask for catalogue showing the
“ Ideal" and other P0131118-1' buggies
and carriages in various poses. The
prices are such as to make riding
cheaper than walking.

J. J. DEAL «IL SON,
Jonesvllle, Mich.

TUMORS and SKIN DISEASES

roe. ave

 scientifically trfiateg pod cixired.
_j______  KNlFEIlI:IodB these dis

‘ th I tt. t. -11 a ears. Addresu
Tlasfs a 3 . G‘ranlfiTg‘d);, 8:) Siilllvlaiilzlnde. yclnclnnntl. 0.

an ”P,_E 

World. Sin: °f 'mfl"u°d

factui-ers of spray pumps which they guarantee
to give absolute satisfaction or money refunded.

its-
- ‘oogehe 5: a CI:-rant.
iliiivtinlcigiile ¥.?|telt'S-l0Ill3|r§Tl9F'

STANTON. MICH.

  
  
    
 

   

‘ HATCH CHIGKENS arsrrim A
WITH THE MODEL 6
INCUBATOR.

   
   
   

.
 'l‘lioui-mnds in Sun-
,  cessful Operation.

ll - SIMPLE, I’ERI"I:‘(."1‘_miri

' l L’, SELF-REG!/'L.4 7‘l.‘\' 1;.
ft. Gunrnnteedtohnu-tin
t Iur er percentage of
forti eeggs at less cost,
than any other Incubator.
Send 6c.for Illus.Oatalog.

lhlchu made. Circulars Frcc. C

GEO. II. S'l‘AIIl'.,‘I 1410 ‘I22 8.60: .\lt..Qnlnc_v.llI.

   

.l:'i.Seecs

Never Fall! Why ?

Because the light seed is all washed
out and Vvliat. is ll-it must grow.
One trial willconvince ou. Cata-
logue and UZlI‘(lPl.1 (lul e FREE.

l Heman Glass, Seed Grower, Rochester, N.Y.

Grange Seed House.

For ten years I have supplied Patrons
of Husbandry with Seeds under ii con-
tract with the

,NEw YORK STATE GRANGE,

land am now supplying Patrons in sev-
leral States on the sauna terms as those in
‘New York. My discounts to Patrons are
l()to2‘i},f per gent. from the regular cat-
olog prices.

All Seeds Fresh and True to

Namc, and Carefully Tested.
Glass’ Illustrated Cataloz and SPECIAL

Piiicr; liisr to Patrons sent FREE on ap-

plicntion.
Address

HEMAN GLASS.

Seed Grower,

-L62 KOCH ESTER, N. Y.

oI|IgN.‘Y. 4

- (‘rop of Small Fruit and How to Grow
Them" makes a veritable

.| 11. KELLOG-G'S new pamphlet “Great

REVOLUTION

Mug;

STRAWBERRY ,
GROWING,

introducing new methods and new ideas. Show-
ing how to grow the largest crops with least
work. Every farmer can have an 8.|)Ill'ld--
ance of fruit all summer. It will be sent
free to all readers of the Visitor if they will
send their address on a postal card to

461 R. M. KELLOGG; Ionla, Mich.

        
         
      
     

         

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