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Library Agri’l College

“T111; 141 1331512 /5 01-‘ ,1/r/BI? ('1/‘,\'.s'l:‘Q/,'/:'.\'('l:‘ T 11.13’ THE F.112J/. .»1.\‘/2 N//o('[.l2 /IE F/[MT l.I/l‘1? // I'1:‘l2.“

VOL. XX. .\'O. 15.

Memories of Early Michigan.
11o.\'. Exos GOODRICII.
II

Since the first white 111a11 set foot on
Michigan soil there has never been a period
of innnigration eq11al to tl1at of 1x36. The
tide of moving population from east to
west was like the curre11t of an irresistible
strea111. N o railroads 11ad reached tl1e
Great Lakes and steamers were crowded
with e111igrants and their belongings—con—
sisting of all kinds of domestic animals,
and far111 i1nplen1ents of every iinaginable
form and description. Two of 111y older
brothers had preceded 111e, traveling witl1
ox tea111 t11rough Canada, in February, and
as soon as Lake Iirie was fairly open to
navigation in tlie spring tl1e fa111ily hegira
took place. Eigliteeii miles fro1n ()ld
Clarence landed us on the docks at I’>11fl‘alo,
and with quiet weather an easy passage of
two (lays and 11igl1ts bro11gl1t 11s to tl1e ter-
ritory which was to be our future 11o111e.
60 great was the rush of emigration tl1at
teainsters de1na11ded a11d received fabulous
prices for their services. In addition to
our own horse team we hired another. pay-
ing thirty dollars for the ro1111d trip of
fifty miles.

OUR NEW }1o.\112.

The spring had bee11 exceedingly dry
and the swampy regio11 between Detroit
and Royal Oak was dry a11d dusty. It
was the *_'Utl1 day of .\lay a little before
noon, when we arrived at our destination.
In two or three hours afterwards a cold
rain set in, and it seeniingly rained incess-
antly for the next two or three months. I11

\_J,1111e. the water on the flats of Kearsley's

stream was higher than I have ever known
it, in all my sixty sumn1ers 111 Michigan.
But here we were, safely la11ded in our
.\lichigan home. for home it was, tl1o11gl1
it had neither door, window, 11or cl1i11111ey.
Rough, loose boards l1ad been throw11 dow11
11po11 the sleepers above a11d below, but the
gapping chasms between the logs had never
been chinked. Ilere the aged mother, l1er
sons, daughter, a11d two grand-childreii,
were cooped up 111 this lantern of a l1abita-
tion with the cold rai11 pouring i11 torrents
around 11s. liut there was one re-
deeming feature, we 11ad a good roof above
us and blankets were 1nade to serve
the office of doors and windows until
others were provided. I11 the west end of
the l1o11se where it was intended to con-
structa chi1nney. abroad tloorless space
had been left, a11d there upon the grou11d
we built our fires, while. the ascc11di11g
clo11ds of smoke wl1ich spread through the
building and passed o11t at t11c chinks
served a useful purpose. i11 expelling the
swarms of mosquitoes which seemed deter-
mined to eat us alive.

The process of l1o111e 111aking was p11sl1ed
forwa1'd with co1n111end-.1ble e11crgy 11nder
adverse circuinstances. Tl1e heroism of
the aged mother a11d her daughter deserve
to be recorded upon the brightest pages of
pioneer history. There is an inspiration
about home making in a new co1111try
which ca11 only be understood by t11ose
who have passed through the ordeal, and
it is worthy of note that woman has ever
been found cheerfully s11b111itting to the
untold privations of the condition without
a murmur, and ever ready to cheer on the
male members of the familv with enc011ra—
ging words and actions, when afilictions
and privatio_ns seemed insupportable, and
the stoutest hearts were ready to sink in
despair.

FIELD WORK.

As soon as the habitation could be made
tolerable, the field work must be com-
menced and pushed with unremitting ener-
gy. Prices of everything were exorbitant,
and the limited supply of money remaining
after purchasing the ample amount of gov-
ernment land was melting away “like snow
in the days of the sun. ” Sixty dollars
a head for cows, twenty-four dollars a bar-
rel for flour, and forty dollars a barrel for

ork, were the ruling prices, to which a
iberal margin must be added for transpor-
tation. Two more oke of oxen must be
purchased, and ad ed to the two yoke
driven through Canada, to make the indis-
pensable “breaking-up team,” for which
the round sum of three hundred dollars
must be paid. And the indispensable

(,‘HARLO'I"I‘E, .\IlC1Il(;’A.\',, Al'G['S'l' I,

"breaking-up plough" froin the far famed

1 It. T. .\lc1‘rill of “I’icty Hill," 111ust be had

, to complete the o11ttit.

indispensable potato patch, I hired Elijah  1,;-o(1ucm-_-,- of ,,_,_,1-gpuiml-,,} 5-1,,,,1(.,. in M”.

Anticipating the

Cariner, with his horse team, to raiisack
the county of (_)akland for a load of seed
potatoes. Cariner was one of thirty fa111i—
lies who i11 ‘Z-“Ni, a11d ‘:17, ca111e on from (lld

Pontiac. Farinington, Troy, and half a
dozen more of ()akla11d’s oldest townships,
he returned with his load of seed potatoes,
the cost, delivered at our home in Atlas,
being two dollars and tl1irty—tive cents a
bushel. They were planted rather late,
but produced a line crop. During that and
the succeeding summer the breaki11g up of
rose willow and hazle brush plains consti-
tuted our standard occupation. If the
reader has ever had experience in holding
:1 breaking up plow propelled by .5’ or 10
energetic oxc11, "pc1's11aded“ by an equally
e11ergetic driver. with-a whip tifteen feet
long, he can iinagine the kind of healthful
exercise to \vhic11 111y eldest brother and
myself were subjected. Plow and chains,
yokes and irons, all had to be of the
strongest kind‘, and when frequently a tuft
of rose willow sod would roll up under the
massive plow bea111, my 190 pounds avoir-
dupois frequently went “kit.ing" high
above the backs of the rear team, and
Inaking a landing that was decidedly pro-
miscuous. I11 such cases, the plow which
would 11ot stand the strain of ten stalwart
oxe11, under :1 pressure of blue beech, was
thrown aside as unseaworth y.

THE SECOND SEASON.

The close of the second summer found us
with 151» acres under the plow. Iluring
these two seztsons we worked togetl1er as a
fa111ily, and we progressed as only families
can who pull together. It is here wortl1y of
1'e111ark that during these tirst two sum-
111crs in our new l1o111e, botl1 ourselves a11d
our neighbors were blest with unusually
good health. Those inalarial fevers which
proved such a curse to our pioneer settlers
had 11ot yet found us. iiijoying good
health. we worked hard, ate heartilv,ia11d
slept soundly, a11d these ingredients consti-
tute in a great 111eas11re the sum of human
happiness.

I might till :1 volume with re1niniscences,
b11t one i11cide11t must suttice to close this
:1rticle. Our nearest blacksmith was :1 .\Ir.
Shaw. te11 111iles distant. iii the town of
(irum Law, which is the I11dian for (}ra11d
lllanc. and the particular site was that of
the p1'cse11t Altruist co111111u11ity of "‘Whig-
ville. " Thither we n111st frequently repair
to get o11r plow irons repaired. The aver-
age weight of :1 plow coulter for one of
o11r "I’iet_v Ilill” 'breaki11g plows, could
not have been less than :30 pounds. One
inorning, (it 111ust have been July 1.536,) I
shouldered the coulter and struck out on
foot for S11aw's, or \Vhigville, te11 miles
distant: and on 111y way home assisted in
the raising of a large barn on the far111 of
Judge Davison. That same barn is still
standing o11 the sa111e old Davison farm,
which is now owned by the heirs of the
late Lewis (). Medling. But it must be
nearly 50 years since the hand of staunch
old Norman Davison, who laid out that
farni, “forgot its cunning,” and the head
which planned it was laid low in the dust.
A few years since, I visited his grave in
the obscure, weedy cemetery of Atlas vil-
lage. And here let me enter a protest
against the sacrilegious change of name
from Davisonville, to Atlas, for well had
the grand old pioneer earned the honor
which the name conferred upon him. There
upon the moss grown stone which cvertops
his grassy mound, I read that Norman
Davison was the first settler of the town of
Atlas, having settled there in 1831. I
think, however, that there is a slight 1nis—
take, as from the most reliable data I have
met, the man who first settled in Atlas was
Parson Farrar, on section 18, of that town-
ship—the difference in date was but slight.

AT MARKET VALUE—"Most popular
story of the day. Openin chapters in
next issue. Tell your neig bor about it.

All wire fences get loose, sag and break,
except Buchanan fence. See advertise-
ment page 8.

I".b.1.

“The Lubin Proposition"~Concluded.

This systcui while always unjust was
nevertheless persisted in. And because the

country were 1111til recently the almost ex-

iclusive users of agricultural macl1ine1'_v,
; they could afford to pay the unjust costs of
y . I protection. and still come o11t ahead.

Clarence, 1\. Y., to invade the wilderness 1
of Atlas. .\lichigan. \\'11en, after sco11r1ng  (,ne.5i,1c(] ,,n(1,,,,j,,_‘.1 _\.y5.,(_,,, ”m_‘..[ (_m___(,,
; for if we persist i11 co11ti1111ing this injust-

The ti111c has. however, co111c when this

ice now, when agricultural xnachines are
in the hands of the cheapest ticld labor 111
the world, and when p1‘odllctio11is dow11
to or less than cost. we 11ot alone conuuit
an injustice. but we become destroyers of
the Republic. I do not believe that the
farmer is any 111ore "natu1'e‘s 11oblc1nan"‘
than is the sl1oe1nal{e1', b11t I do believe
that the land-owning farincr is absolutely
necessary in the p1'eservatio11 of our Ameri-
can institutions: for, iii the nature of
things, a free republican people must have
a conservative body a11d a prog1'c.ssivc body.
While the land-owning far111crs remain on
their farms we have in tl1c111 the conserva-
tive. body, and i11 the citizens of the cities
we have the progressive body. If our
economic conditions are such as to drive
the,1':1rmers to the cities, and should their
places be taken by a degraded cheap-living
peasant-tenantry, tl1c11 arc the days of 11111‘
Republic numbered, a11d we see iii the pres-
ent condition the beginning of the end.
There a1'e two remedies for the reinoval
of the injustice and inequality. ()11e is in
the absolute abolitio11 of the protective
sysem and its replacement b_v free trade;
the other is in providing a 111etl1od of pro-
T0,}

men for agricultural staples so that its

put-es in our country are t-,nhance1'l-v 1,: im-- ‘

ports and home manufactures are enhanced.

The first 111ode of re111ovi11g theinequality
is, to my 111i11d, not p1'acticable in our
time. because the people do not want free
trade. would11ot vote for it. and even ifthcy
did they would be likely to return to pro-
tection with a change iii the a<l111i11isl1':1tio11.

The time 1nay probably co111e wl1c11 free
trade may 11ot o11ly prevail i11 the United
States but throughout the world. That
time. however. is so far distzuit as to render
this mode of equalizing the present in-
equality utterly iinpracticable.

Those who persistently reject any other
1node of cquali'/.atio11 of present conditions,
except it be by free trade, are likely to do the
ca11sc of the farmer 111orc inischief b_v their
opposition than any practical good they 111ay
be able to acco111plisl1.

Free trade would certainly place the
producer of agricult111'al staples (111 a level
with those now protected. but what would
bccon1e of the A1ucrica11 sta11d:1rdofwages6
The free-trader believes that it would re-
main where it is, or if it decline, that the
coinpensating fall i11 prices would eq11al
any loss. The p1'otectio11ists, on tl1e other
hand. claim that free trade woulddrive our
wage rate down to the liuropean level, a11d
with no compensating decline in rents or
in food staples. for these are already lower
in the United States than in Europe. They
further claim that the l*]urope:'1n wage rate
is half a11d less than half of what it is here,
that with free trade the United States
would enter as a world‘s co111petitor in
inamifacturcs, and that the world's co111 e-
tition would be kee11er than ever, and t at
the lowering process would continue: that
all this would be a deterioratiiig and revo-
lutionary step too radical in its far-reach-
ing results for the peace and perpetuity of
American institutions.

Let us now turn our attention to the
proposition of the Governxnent. bounty on
exports of agricultural staples as 21 means
of equalizing the inequality that now exists
in our country between the relative values
of agricultural staples and of manufactures.

In the first place, I desire to draw atten-
tion to the fact that a bounty on ‘exports
differs radically from a bounty on produc-
tion. The sugar bounty, for instance, was
a bounty on production, and which was
paid on every pound raised. A bounty on
exports calls for payment on the exports
only, which, when done, enhances, not
alone the price of the quantity ex orted,
but likewise enhances the price to t e very
same extent of the greater quantity for
home use without any further payment by
the Government. This is so because there

is no distinction between the price paid by

\\'ll( )I.1C N0. -171.

1 the exporter and thc bu_vc1'for home use;

tlicreforc. wl1c11 the export price is raised,

3 the 11o1nc price is also 1':1iscd to s:11nc1leg1'ec.

1 wisli, secondly, to state that l :1111

speaking of no 11ovclty here. that an ex-
)()1't bounty o11 wheat \\':ls i11 operation in
lnglantl before the abolition of protection
i11 that country, andtl1:1ttl1e price of wheat
rose with the full 111c:1surc of the export
bounty.

The (lovcr111ncnt bounty o11 exports, to-
gether with the protective t:u'itl', will ac-
complish for :lg‘1'lc11ltllI‘:1l staples what the
protective taritl'11ow docs for 111:11111f:1ct11rcs.
livery dollar received as protective duty
represeiits several other dollars by 1'c:1sol1

3 of home 111:u1uf:1cturcs, the cnl1a11ccmcnt of

which was made possible by the dollar col-
lected as duty, so with the export bounty.
livery dollar paid o11t o11cxport agricul-
tural staples will likewise represent several
other dollars 111 the equal cult.-u1«-e-
mcnt of the price of the grc:1tcr qu:1ntit_v
for 11111110 co11s111nptio11.

To illustrate the export bounty plan: If
we t:1ke the wheat crop of 15102 wc ti11d
that the total prod11ctio11 was 6:1 l.Tso,ooo
bushels, of which there wc1‘ccxpo1'tcd 2271,-
t}l$.'»,.~’12 bushels, leaving for home con-
sumption 53513.1 ll,l.\‘.\' bushcls.

Xow. :1_<_rove1'111ncnt bounty of 1 cent a
buslicl would have cost the (lovcrmncnt
»‘5:Z,'_’.3ti,t}.';>-3. IL’, and tl1c enlianccincnt to tl1e
producers would have been $13.1 lT,\HH.

A 7»-cent bounty on tl1e export would
have cost the govcrnincnt $ll,2~?3.‘_".N H10,
a11d the producers would have realized in
enhanced prices $il1I..'m‘$l.llll41.

Ily the payincnt of a lH—cent bounty per
bushel the cost to the govcrninent would

‘—‘ha.5'e been i~'2‘2,5.')(5..3Hl.2ll. and tl1c produ-

cers would have 1'3.‘-.:1lize(l i11 viilhaliced prices
$t3l,17.\‘,o1 N 1, It is not deemed necessary to
give other examplcsof corn, cotton, or other
staples. as tliecxaiuplcgivcn isplaiiicnougli.

I will now endeavor to briefly answer

= several ob_icctio11s which have been oll'c1'cd

agaiiist this proposition. The lirst is, that
the speculators would reap the hem-tits of
‘he bou11t_v. lieforc they could do this, a
combination would have to be l'or1n<-d,
which would have to include all the wheat
buyers i11 this country, for the absolute
control of the worldis shipping, and for the
entire crop besides. If this can be do11e
in our cou11t1'_v now, it could have been
do11e in England when this systcin was in
opcratio11 there. \\'l1cat tlicrc rosc to the
full measure of the bounty paid. and there
were as sharp wheat spcciilators in ling-
land t11c11 as there are now i11 the United
States. If the shipping of the world :111d
the entire crop of :1g1'i<-ultur:1l products
could be cornered by a syndicate under
the bounty s:yste111, it can be done as profit-
ably without it. The producers11avev111ore
to fear from option t1'a11sactio11s, from
those who sell wheat or cotton a11d who
have no wheat or cotton to deliver and who
do not intend to deliver any, than from
those who buy a11d scllz1g1'icultural staples.

\Ve had a world's advantage when we
were t11e almost exclusive user of agricul-
tural 1nacl1inery, and we lost this advant-
age when these inachines were placed in
the hands of the cheapest labor countries
in the world.

A bounty o11 exports will not give us the
power to raise, 1101' will itlower the world’s
price; it will simply enhance t11e price in
o11r country, and which enhancement is to
compensate t11e producer of agricultural
staples for the cost of protection on manu-
factures. He should ask for no more, and
ought not to receive less, and when he
does receive what is here advocated he will
only receive what is justly due him. For
this proposition does not advocate special
legislation, but, on the contrary, seeks to
do away with the special legislation now
existing in the interest of all, except and
at the expense of the producer of agricul-
tural staples.

Another objection offered is that an
American bounty on exports of agricultu-
ral staples will stimulate other nations to
do likewise. In the first place, there are
not many countries producing a surplus
for export, and these are not of a kind that
can afford to do so. But suppose they
were, what then? It could do no harm at
all, for a bounty on exports can only have
the effect of raising the home price.

Continued in next issue.

  

      
       
       
           
         
                
     
   
         
     


  

-2

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

 

AUGUST 1, 1895.

Field and Stock.
How to Select a Good Dairy Cow.

PROF. FRED B. )IL'.‘IFORI).

There are few persons connected in any
way with the occupation of farming who
do not sooner or later have to exhibit some
judgment in the selection, handling, and
care of a cow. A knowledge, therefore,
of some of the fundamental principles
necessary in the selection of dairy animals
may not be out of place in this article. A
consideration of these principles is es-
pecially valuable to those who depend upon
dairying in whole or in part as the main
business of the farm. A good judge of
dairy excellence in cattle considers this
subject under three general divisions:
First, the external conformation: second.
pedigree; and third, actual performance at
the pail.

FIRST-—THF. EXTE I{.\'AI. CON FOI{.\IATI().\'.

Experienced breeders of dair_v cattle
have observed that excellence in these lines
is iisnally accompanied by a certain gener-
al form of the animal. For instance. typi-
cal dairy animals should be wcdge—shaped,
looking from before, above. and the side.
They should be broad ac1'os:s the hips, having
well sprung ribs, showing great capacity
for the consumption of food. These de-
sirable qualitics with others are often
combined in a scale of points or score card,
and used in judging dairy cattle. This in-
dicates the relative importance to be at-
tached to the various external qualities
that are visible to the casual observer.
Below will be found the form of score card
used at the Michigan Agricultural College.

Department of Practical Agriculture.

MICIIIGAN A(}I{I(‘l,'l.TL'Ii_-SI. ('0I.I.l-IHE.
Score (‘and B.ADAIR‘x' (IXTTLE.
§(7.\LE (JF I’UI.\"I'S.
GENERAL APPEARANCE:
Form. \\'eilge-slinpcxl, vicwerl_ from front. side

}’I>IRFE( T.

  

   

and above . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . .  . , . . .  . . . . . . . . . ..14J

Quality. hair line; skin soft.inedi1im tbicknc '
bone cleau..........    . 

Temperament. ncrvous.... ...

HEAD:

Muzzle, clean cut; mouth large; nostrils large: face
lean.lon;: . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . .. .. 

Eyes. full. mild, bright... . . . . . . . . . . . . ..2

FOTUIIOHII. broad . , . . . . .  

Ears. medium size. yellow in do. hue texture . . . . . . ..1

Horns. small at base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
FOREQUARTER:

Neck. thin. medium length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Withers. lean. sharp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Slioultlt-rs, liglit, obliqut .. .. ..   .. ..
('lic.s,t, tlt-op tlirougli luiius
Legs. str:iii;lit, clean honed. . ..    .. .

BODY:

(firth . . . . . . . . .. ft
Ribs. long. broad.
B;'ck. high. h l.
(‘hir.e. lar-_:e. Opt
Loin. broad.....
Flank. deep...

I\'avel.large . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

HINDQUARTER:

  

   

 
 
  
 

Hips. wide apart....       
Rump. loin,’ and high.
Pin bones or thurls, high. wide apart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Thigh. thin. incurvin;:.... .. . .  .. .. ..
E.-cutclicon, .-'pi'cadini: and high . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
lfdxh-r. long. not flc.-'liy. altacln-«I high: quar-
ters L‘\'l'Il........    
Ti-ats. largo, evenly placed . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Milk Yr-in largo, tortuous. branching
Milk Wt-l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Legs. clean boned, far apart . . . . . . ..

  . UK.

NH.II)L‘tlf :\lllHl:lI................................... 

  

Lab-

      

Owner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..I)ato.... . . .

The above scale of points is supposed to
represent the typical form of :1. dairy cow,
and while it by no means furnishes positive
assurance of great excellence, yet it is in
connection with the other two points :1
valuable help in determining the probable
value of the cow.

>'l'1('O.\’I)—I‘F.I)IGREl-I.

There is a mistaken notion among most
farmers that oiil_y pure bred or thorough-
bred animals have a pedigree. Every ani-
iiial has a pedigree. \Ve think a better
understanding of the word pedigree is,
that a pedigree is, simply a record of the
ancestors of an animal and may or may not
be a valuable one. A pedigree is valuable in
proportion to the miinber of good animals
appearing among the ancestors of the one
in question. 50, in the selection of a dairy
cow, if we know the dam, the grand-dam,
and the great grand—dam, and know that
they were good perforiners, excellent
dairy animals, we have some reason to ex-
pect good performances on the part of the
animal under consideration. So we should
always find out just as nmch as possible
concerning the animals entering into the
pedigree of the individual to be selected.

THIRD—ACTUAL PERFORMANCE
PAIL.

This point is perhaps the most import-
ant of all because it matters not how per-
fect the qualities of the animal or ow
good the pedigree if the animal can-
not produce profitable amounts of milk
or butter, she is worthless for the purpose
intended. So it is of the utmost impor-
tance when selecting a cow to determine, if
possible, her yield. This determination
should not be limited to the amount of
milk but it should determine also, if possi-
ble, the per cent of butter fat contained in
this milk. The Babcock test is so common
that nearly every farmer can, with a little
trouble, have samples of milk tested.

Nearl every creamery in the country is
suppli with one of these machines, and

AT THE

 
 
   

it is but a few minutes work to determine
the value of milk in )6!‘ cent of butter fat.
If these three points mentioned above
are thoroughlv investigated there is no
reason whatever for not being able to de-
termine a good cow. First, an examina-
tion as to iexternal conformation; second,
investigation of the good qualities of her
ancestors; and third. her ability to produce
large quantities of milk and butter.
Agricultural (,'olle:;c.

Bee Notes.

('HA.*. B. IIOYT.

Extracted hoiic_v  the best and healthi-
est sweet for children.

Crimson clover bids fair to become one
of our best honey plants.

“'0 can surely prevent swarining wlkn
running for e.\'tracted hone_v.

Bees do not freeze during the winter.
but often starve because. they cannot move
about and get their honey: hence they
should be warmed up occasionally.

It has recently been proven that sunshine
will kill disease germs as quickly as any-
thing. and will destroy foul brood germs
in a couple of days.

Italians for beginners. but the best busi-
ness be is a cross between a black and an
Italian.

A great many farmers lose their bees
by having them in too dense shade. Never
place them in shade except in the three hot-
test months.

.\'early every farmer should keep two 01'
three colonies: keep them from swarming.
work them hard and produce all the honey
the family can eat.

For the amateur. out-of-door wintering
is the best if the bees are properly packed.
with not more than four inches of dry
chaff or saw dust. packing either in outside
cases or double walled hives.

James Heddon claims that he has bred
out the swarming instinct and has arace of
non—swar1ncrs even when producing comb
honey. \\'itli his hive and method of hand-
ling it may work, but let experimenter
Taylor say whether or not they are really
bred up to that point.

Such seasons as this and the past thretf .31‘
four demonstrate the fact that the spc1‘f‘:‘i'i"
ist in bee-keeping is working at a disad-
vantage compared with the farincr with a
few swarms. A few colonies will do well
wherc«moro could not make a living.

Irving.

Lessons of the Hour that we Should
Learn.

1.. B. RICE.

livery calamity that befalls us brings
with it some lesson that we should learn
and treasure up for future use. Now. in
this unprecedented drouth may we not
find some important lesson, that we. as
tillers of the soil should learn well and
treasure up! Are there not some clianges
in our methods of cultivation we should
make that will enable our crops to with-
stand the dry scasoiis much better than at
present!

This is told of those colonies of Iiussian
Menonitcs located in western liaiisas.
who have brought with them their liabits
of industry and economy. and who live
almost entirely within themselves.

These people visit our towns but seldom,
and then to bring to market their grain
and to take home lumber and material for
their great barns. and some few articles of
commerce not produced by themselves. It
is said that if the seasons are dry, thev
plow a little deeper, and cultivate a little
oftener, and when the harvest comes they
still bring to the market great loads of
white bags of grain. and return to their
homes with loads of lumber to build inoi'e
barns.

From these simple people let us learn
the lesson of frequent cultivation to pro-
duce, or rather conserve moisture. Some
would say that in such dry seasons as this
there is no moisture in the ground husband-
ed, that it is dry clear down beyond the
reach of plants. This may be true in a
certain measure, yet there is no spot so
dry that there is no moisture coming from
the ground. VVhen I was a boy in school,
I remember that one of the mysteries we
learned in philosophy was, that if a bell
glass were placed on the dryest spot of
earth that could be found, drops of water
would collect on the inside. This would
prove that capillary attraction is always at
Work bringing water from the lowest parts
of the earth to the surface, whence eva o-
ration takes it up and carries it away. how
We want to learn to assist capillary attrac-
tion in its work of bringing up water, and
at the same time arrest the work of evapo-
ration in carrying it away.

What are t e best conditions for capil-
lary attraction to extend its influence in

raising water above its natural level? I
shall let philosophy answer this question:
“The smaller the tubes the higher the water
will rise in them." Thorough cultivation
gives a dee furrow and makes all of the
soil fine tot ebottoin of it. Clodsand lumps
and open spaces between, checks the action
of _capillary attraction and of course less
moisture is brought 11p. But making the
earth all fine is not enough. The space be-
tween the particles maybe too open. The
soil is too loose——that is the "tubes"are too
large.  remedy this, the heavy roller is
used. .\ow the happy farmer looks coin-
placently over his field that has been rolled
as smooth as a board and says, "I have
complied with all of the C(iI](lIll()I]S and

must expect a. heavy crop.“ .\'ow right
here is the lesson to be learned. Thous-

ands of fields of oats all over the country
were mt in this way and yet they are dried
up. Vhere is the trouble.’ The trouble
is that the soil is firm clear to the surface.
and the water raises to the surface and the
sun aml dry winds carry it off in evapo-
ration faster than capillary attraction can
bring it up. Consctjiicntly there is nothing
left for the plants and they have dried
up. \\'e must arrest the action of evapo-
ration and save the moisture. How! b'imp-
ly in this way. After the rolling has been
completed we will put on a smoothing har-
row with very short teeth, or some tool
like the Breed weeder, and make the sur-
face fine and light and loose, too loose for
the moisture to be raised to the surface.
and this acts as a mulch. a "dust mulch. " and

the dry winds and the sun ‘s bright
rays are repelled by it, and tho
moisture held from being evapo-
rated. In the case of grain \vlici'c

seeding has not been done the weeder may
be run over it several times after the graiii
has come up, greatly to its advantage. In
hoed crops keep up the cultivation as often
and as long as you can.

One of the best farmers near here said
to me a few days ago, “Your frequent cul-
tivation is all right, but it must be deep
enough to bring the moisture to the sur-
face or it will be all time thrown awav. It
is of no use to stir in this dry sand. "’ Here
was his trouble, he had been cultivating
too deep, and it was dry sand as deep as he
had cultivated, and now he would go deep-
er and bring up more moisture to be evapo-
rated from his plants. He should have
given shallow cultivation from the start,
and his Planet Jr. cultivator should have
had the smoothing attachment to level and
fine up the ground. I had a piece of dried
up muck sod plowed for buckwheat. The
man reported that it was dry to the bottom
of the furrow, and it would be of no use to
put grain on it. I told him to drag it
thoroughly with a smoothing harrow,
making a fine dust on the top. He did so.
and though there was no rain, in a few days
there was moisture within a few inches of
the surface. In passing through the coun-
try I never saw corn cultivated as well as
it is this year, and it looks reinarkably
well considering the droutli. Now let this
be the watchword—plow deep and well:
compact the ground afterwards. then make
the surface loose by frequent and shallow
cultivation.

Port Huron.

Capillarity vs. Evaporation.

In the July zlth number of the \'1si'i‘on.
If. M. Kclloggdiscourses about the virtues
of capillarity and the manipulations neces-
sary to induce its action in the soil during
periods: of a drouth For his meth-
ods of preparing soil, for his especial
line of production, I have only words
of commendation; but for his philos-
ophy I have very little rcgard. Ilis method
of deeply stirring and fining the soil has
the effect, as he says, of holding "several
times as much water as in their natural
condition," but when he packs it again to
"connect all with the lower substrata so
that capillary action will bring the water
from the watei' level," he is assuming too
much for this natural law, and is drawing
too largely upon his imagination for his
facts. (He ought to be consistent and in-
sist that his wife shall water her plants
from the saucer at the bottom of the pots,
and induce the water to rise into the earth
by "stirring the surface about one inch.”
This would be a practical demonstration of
capillarity if it would work. \Vater
will ascend in dry earth to some extent
by the law of diffusion, but that has its
limitations as has capillary attraction.
Capillary action only occurs in fibrous ma-
terials, or where tubes can be formed con-
tinuous to some extent, and the height to
which water will ascend by this attraction
under the most favorable circumstances, is
very limited.

ACTION OF CAPILLARITY.

I find no two persons explain the action
of “capillarity” in the soil in the same
way. Mr. Kellogg would first break up
20 inches of the surface and then pack it
again to “connect” it with the “lower stra-
ta.” c then stirs the surface about an

‘inch to break off the capillary tubes I su -

pose, to “prevent its escape’ ’——that is, t e
water would come to the surface and over-
flow or dry up, if he didn’t do this. One

would suppose or reason from this that the
soil before being broken up. was in just
the condition to favor capillary action, and
if he stirred an inch of that surface he
would get all the water desired. The facts
are just the opposite from this. and .\Ir.
K's reasoning. like that of every other
“capillarity” expositor fails to convince.
It is a perversion of a natural law and is
only kept in service because of the moment-
um it has gained by its use before the pub-
lic in speech and in print. There is no-
doubt about the moisture in .\Ir. l{'s soil.
although he may be a trifie hypcrbolical
when he says he can s«piec7.e water out of
it and run his hand into it tlic lcngth of his
arm. About how the moisture got there,
however. Mr. K. and I shall difl'cr. I shall
still insist that it started on its upward
journey. naturally and philosophically, by
evaporat1on——-was arrested in its couI'sc up-
ward. also phil<isophically and nafurallv.
by coiiilensation. if I

.\.\l Il.\'I'l..'l.\'.\TIU.\'.

I cannot explain this glibly and flippant-
ly. by an :1ssc1'tion of my own. cxpectiiig
Mr. K. or other rcarlcrs of the \'isi'i‘oi:
will accept it as true. And I cannot take
the space in this paper to go into
the whole philosophy of [(‘]]]j)(-[';1’[|u'()
liumidity, etc.. that is necessary for its
elucidation. I have been inaking some
tests of soil temperature in my corn
field and in the pasture field adjoiniiig, that
let in a load of light upon the problem.
Some general facts, however, I shall state:
\Vater sinks into the soil by ;_rm\-im1ion_
is spread about somewhat by diffusion, but
never comes back again rlx uv//er naturallv.
\\'ater evaporates at all teiiipci'a‘,iii*es,
and the atmosphere takes up all it can «If
f/I/(Z 187/11/r/‘(If/I/'43. \\'hen the vapor meets
a lower temperature it parts with a portion
of its moisture. For example, the invisible
vapor of the air meets a coldercurrent, and
clouds—visible vapor are formed: the
cloud meets a colder current and water.
falling in (lrops, is squeezed out of it. Fogs
form in the cool valleys onlv to be evapo-
rated or taken up into iiivisiblc vapor
again as the temperature rises with the sun.
I)ews form. and the pump “swcats" bv the
vapor of the north coming in (.‘t)lll:l('lI\\'llll
cooler surfaces or lower temperatures. Va-
por is constantly arising from the earth.
but in inconstant volumes and at dillcrcnt
temperatures. If this vapor anywlicre in
its upward course, from the lowest level to
the topmost land, meets a cooler stratum
than that from which it started. it parts
with a portion of its nicasurc. If the sur-
face soil is cooled during the night lower
than that two feet below, or 20 feet bclow,r
a part of the water in the ascending vapor
is left in this cooler stratum. I ask Mr.
K., or any reader of the VIsi'i‘oi:. to take
his jug of cold water to the field and sct it
on the dry soil. and we can prove this in
an hour. If Mr. K. will then insist that
the allnost wet soil under the jug got there
through "capillarit_v.“ then his vcneration
for tradition must overcomc his judgment.
If I could cool the upper si.\' inclics of
iny corn licld down permanently to Zn dc-
grecs below the stratum 24 inches l)('l()\\' it,
that would be all the irrigation plant I
would desire. This morning at sunrise it
was .\ degrees colder, standing at 434 at the
surface. while two feet below it was 7;’ dc-
grces. Yesterday at noon the figures were
imaml 74 degrees i'cspecli\'cl_v. whilc the
pasture field was llfland .\f«lcgi'ccs. This
morning the pasture was no above and 72
below. Mr. I{cllogg's mellow soil rctziiiis
all thc moisture he gets, while my pasture
ficld gets so hot it evaporates because there
is no mellow earth to hold it and the tem-
perature gets a good deal higher.

Mr. Kellogg says “let this subject be
thc topic for farmers‘ gatlieriiigs. and ac-
cumulate experiences and i'(-stilts. This is
my contradiction to the fund of "experi-
cnce and results," and my excuse for its
presentation. A. C. (ii.ii>i>ic.\'.

Pun‘ Puu‘.

Broad Tires in Quakerdom.

A law known as the Harvey act has been
passed by the legislature in Pennsylvania,
with the. object of promoting the use of
broad tires on heavy wagons. It provides.
that those owning and using draught wag-
ons with tires not less than four inches in
width for hauling loads of not less than
2,01?!) pounds shall receive a rebate of one-
fourth of their assessed highway tax, the
rebate not to exceed five days’ labor on the.
roads in any one year. This is only a mod-
est step in the maintenance of good roads,
but nevertheless one to be commended-
—Bu‘/‘rd rlléc/uznic.

 

In view of the hopeful condition of trade
advancement, in rices, and general pros—-
perity, it stands orticulturists in hand to
see that orchards receive ropergtreatment.
and the products handled) to the best ad-
vantage.—J. 6’. Evans.

A dozen hens are Worth more to 9. man
than $100 out on interest at eight per cent,
and there is but little risk attached to
the ownershi of that many hens, whereas
there is a ways considerable risk in
loaning money in any amount.— Western
Rural.

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AUGUST 1, 1895.

 

THE GRAN GE V ISITOR.

lfleumrs YLVgsr..

Where Town and Country Meet.

Away, where stretches that hazy line,
Whe_re the town and country meet,

That line where the city's confines lie,
And beizin the meadows so sweet,

It seems to me that a mystic spell
Possesses my heart and brain,

When I cross the bound’rv and enter awhile
To walk in Nature’s domain.

I feel as I catch the first sweet breath
Uf clover-scented air,
That a higher power my whole soul claims.
And I pause for a moment there.
And wonder if waiting at Heaven's gate,
With all life’s battles complete,
I shall not feel as I do when 1 stand
Where the town and the country meet.
‘_—'A1[’//[I/-‘fl,’ 1/. »///'/‘/[//N, ’(./I J!//y Lil///iv:-3'.
III/mu -//H//‘M//.

They Are Dead.

There was a man who never told a lie—
But he’s dead;
Never said it was wet when the weather
was dry-
Never said
He'd caught fish when he hadn’t caught one,
Never said that he’d done something that
he hadn’t done.
Never scolded his wife, and never got mad,
AIl])d.dW0l1ldI1't believe that the world was so
3 ;
A respecter of men. a defender of woman,
Who believed the divine, and in that which
was human;
Meek as Moses—-he never was understood,
And the poor man died of being too good,
And he’s dead.

‘There was a woman who had never gos-

siped a bit-
She’s dead too,

Who hated all scandal, nor listened to it;

She believed in mankind, took care of her
cat,

Alvyays turned adeaf ear to this story or
t at;

Never scolded her husband——-she never had
one;

No sluggard was she, but rose with the sun;

N ever whispered in meeting, didn't care for
a bonnet,
Or all of the feathers that one could put
on it; ‘

Never sat with the choir, nor sang the
wrong note;

Expressed no desire to lecture or vote;

For the poor soul was as deaf as a post-
also dumb:

You might have called forever, and she
wouldn’t have come.

And she's dead.
Jeamictte Lu Flamboy, in The Outlook.

The Child.

FLORA C. BUELL.
Pictures.

These silent but persuasive teachers enter
-every home and find a welcome, for what
child does not like to look at pictures?
The work of the artists as portrayed in re-

cent magazines, at an art loan, or even at .

the \Vorld's Fair, may be forgotten, but
not so those illustrated pages we learned to

love when just large enough to turn the -

leaves.

tures give as much satisfaction as new, and
the inner resistance being less, deep ini-
pressions are made.

A grief stricken father was unable to
account for the determination of his three
sons to go to sea. A guest pointed to a
picture in the sitting 1'ooi11 of the home for
the answer. It was a beautiful ship upon
the water.

In pictures as in everything there are
good and bad.
shapen creep in with the correct and clear.
A good engraving for the wall is always
better than a danby oil painting.

The advertising card brings to all. num-
berless pretty and instructive scenes; with
these come the objectionable ligures, out of
proportion and misleading, which should
be sorted out and burned at once.

The child’s magazine which has good
sized, distinct representations of domestic
animals, household pets, and plenty of
boys, girls, and babies, is invaluable.

One of your faithful Patrons has taken
the Harper’s magazine for years; she does
not find time to read it, but the pictures
are useful to the children.” Another upon
being asked if he took a certain paper re-
plied, “.\'o, I do not take any paper I
would not wish my children to see.” If
every parent in our land were as cautious,
how soon obscene pictures and vile litera-
ture would cease to be.

A complete picture is excellent food for
the memory, reason, and imagination.
Ralph sits by his mamma and tells her all
about it; he knows who of the children are
happy and who unkind; he can tell where
they are, what game they are playing, if it
is summer or winter, or if the wind is
blowing or the sun shining. He gives
names to them and their pets and an im-
promptu story follows. Perhaps it is a
scene in a strange land, a manufacturing
establishment, or a modern machine, how
thoughtfully he plys the questions. A
modest mother said, “I put those books
awav when Harold’s papa is not here, be-
cause I can’t answer his questions.” ‘

Mothers and fathers, supply your homes
freely with these reat educators, encour-
age the love for t e pure, study and live
with your children, and who shall dare

measure the influence?
Ann Arbor.

The p_oorly colored, ill—‘

The pleasure found in things fa- -
miliar is so great in clnldliood that old p1c— A

What is Woman’s First Duty, Her
Fireside or Country?

I am not one of those women who think
it their duty to go forth and enlighten the
world on all the questions of religion and
politics, that come before the people.
neither do I think a woman should be
a student of law or tinance. But she

I
l
l
l

should have enough knowledge of the-
atfairs of state to teach her children what A

their duty will be as citizens of a republic,
until they reach an age where the struggle

thinking and planning. Even then the care
and advice of a mother will have an llllIll-
eiice for good which will be nearer truth

‘and purity than they can get from any

other source.

ladvlike desire of some women torunevcr_v-
thiiig. from the school district to the \\'hite
House. do believe that the advice of wives
and mothers has a purifying effect among
the greatest statesmen of the land. To il-
lustrate the power of true womanly woman,
I will ask you to go back with me a few
years in history, and review a little of the
great fight made to exterminate the curse
of African slavery in this republic. \\'hilc
Suinner was hurling thunder bolts wreathed
in flowers, and (iiddings, (jarrison and
Grcely were delivering sledgc—haminer
blows to wipe the curse from our land, it
was left to Harriet Beecher bftowe to open
the eyes of the people with her book,
“Uncle Tom's Cabin,“ which did more to
eradicate the evil than all the work of those
great men. I mention this incidentally. to
demonstrate the fact that it really seems

' necessary for woman to quit the fireside for

a short time now and then, to infuse a
little of her gentle purity into the great
strife which is necessary to complete the
works of reforni carried on by the sterner
sex.

I believe that on general principles
women prefer the fireside, and they would
be less inclined to desert it, if there were
less temptations and allurcments thrown in
the paths of their sons and daughters, to lead
them astray. The evil acts of man are the
general cause of woman's leaving the tire-
side to engage in public strife, but her love
for her ofl'spriiig compels her to do so often,
when her native modesty makes public
work repulsive, but duty forces her to con-
tinue from sheer self defense. Tlierefore,
I believe that when pitfalls become so plen-
tiful that mere children are allured from
the path of rectitude, it becomes the duty
of women to protest. And to those men
who think certain women are out of their
place, we will say: These are the institu-
tions where our children are ruined: you
remove them, and we will have no occasion
to go before the public. But they still re-
inain. and, as long as men allow them to do

» .-o, woman must leave the tircsidepart of

the time, to call the attention of man to
his duty. And I am also convinced that if
men would do their whole duty, a woman's
place would be at the tii'esi<le:1iid she would
prefer it.

\Ve are willing to admit that there a few
cases of the "Big Head“ among women.
but among men it often becomes epidemic.
To illustrate. I will ask you to search his-
tory, and see if you can find any place in
this free and enlightened counti'y. where
there has been a inoimineiit erected to the
memory of the mothers of our country.
Tlioiisaiirls of women went to the war to
save. lives, and they, as nurses, did save
many lives. Yet there is no monument
to their nieniory, while there are _thousands
of shaftserected to the ineinory of the men
whodid the killing. “'0 hear of the "I’ilgrim
Fatlieis-," and the “Fathers of our Coun-
try." the “City Fathers" and the “Fathers
of the Chnrcli." but no mothers. and if you
search literature, it would seem as though
this country was got up on a father
basis, without a mother in it.

ALICE I. JA(.‘QL'IiS.

 

Our Home and Social Influence.
Read at Alaicdon Grange in 1894, by Miss Grace Olds.

Int'luence,—how great is the amount of
space which this word claims. How can we
to the best advantage, tit our small share into
God’s great plan? Our daily life, be it into
good or evil, has its influence over those
with whom we associate. \Ve must be a
light to illu1nii1e,ora tempest to destroying.
[am quite sure that if we were more often
reminded of this, we would find ourselves
living more perfect lives. Our influence
may not be strong enough to accomplish
something which we have in view, but we
certainly have every day opportunities of
speaking a kindly word to our dear parents,
or to aid them in their daily toil. It may
be the means of turning their thoughts
heavenward, or at least help to brighten
their lives while they are permitted to re-
main with us. Or, we may by devoting
even a small amount of attention to the
amusement of our younger brothers and
sisters, help to calm their childish trifles,
and guide them safely to true manhood and
womanhood.

Did you ever think of a man’s influence
on his way to church? That if some of his
neighbors see him passing by, they will try
to hide their disregard for the Sabbath from

him? And as they note his interest, his
prompt attendance, and his cheerful good
morning, as he passes by, is it strange that
the man who before having met him, spent ,
_Sunday by visiting. sleeping. novel read-
ing, or perhaps worse. dresses himself tidi-
ly and goes to church to tind the same ei1- j
tertaininent which interests his neighbor,
from whom he has learned to respect his
Maker!

Does this not teach us that \ve must use

‘ our best influence in evcrv possibleplacc! l

, . . For often what we consider our disadvant- 3
of life will call on them to do their own ; I

ages. may really be our most indispensable
advantages. Is there not the same iiitlu- 5
ence in kind faces! Ionce hcard of a young §
man who, having met with misfortune and 1

, loss of propcrt_v. was seeking employment 1

. . . 3, in the citv. As he walked alon0' the avenue
ll liile I deprecate the ambition and un— 2 ‘ ‘“ I

ue one evening near one of the windows of 1
a brilliantly lighted storc. he caught sight
of a gray head bending over a desk: sud-
denly the face was raised and turned for a
moment toward the street. .-It siglit of his
face there came a glimpse of hope to the_
wanderer. I'll go and tell that man my l
story, was the involuntary resolve. lie I
will listen, at least, he looks so kind. The
elderly gentleman thus sought was not rich, ,
nor widely influential, but he was what he 
looked to be-—he was kind. What he did 
for him cannot be told in detail. but he ji
saved from despair and gave him hopes of 
a happy future. The good man did not
know that he was helping one whose life
was soon to end, but so it was. What if
the help had not come when it did! It was
a chance that an angel might have coveted.

But there was something of which Mr.
Carson was unconscious which went before
everything else and brought him his golden
opportunity. He looked so kind; he did
not call the youth, he did not even see him.
but he drew him unaware. Ilis expression,
when he knew not that anyone saw him,
was the means of grace.

Kind words and deeds voluntarily given
are precious, but that grace in the heart
whic 1 makes the face look kind, reveals the
pure, innocent influence which is so greatly
prized. Life is entirely made up of oppor-
tunities, whcre the touch of a living
hand may make or mar that which presents
itself.

How many times a single word uttered
or traced upon paper has had influence up-
on some undecided person that was so seri-
ous that the effect will never be known
until the records of eternity reveals it.

As we hurry along through life do we
suppose that we are without influence?
Doesit seem possible that anyone could think
that as we stand with the world, we have
no responsibilities! Are we not constantly
lasing golden opportunities to do the Mast-
er? work. Some of these opportunities are
continually bobbing 11p and down before
us: some of them never come but once.
How seldom that thought. they only come
once. l)o we ever stop to think of the
carcs of a brother or sister{ llo we tr_v to
scatte1' sunbeains in their path? \\'as there
a chance to speak a kindly word. to do :1
kindly act. or even the little deed that was
so small that it did not need words to tell
it! The -.fricndly glance. the tear of syin-
patliy, even the tingcr pointed to (jodf
\\'cre not tliese oui' golden opportunities
that come but once.’ \\'c are on the way
to that be-aul'iful city, and as we move
along let us use our greatest influence. let
us live, “not a life. but a noble life."

The JuY€‘1li:l-CS‘;

Daisy and Dobin.

Daisy, with her new umbrella,
Went to walk one rainy day,

Never heedinir wind or wetness,
On she paddled, blithe and gay,

Till she saw our old horse Dobbin
Tied to grandpa’s hitching-post-

And she said: "You poor old fellow,
Guess vou’rc drowned to death almost;

“Whv don't folks have horse umbrellas?
Uh,1 know what I can do

While I go to see my grandma,
I will lend this one to you.

“Papa says folks don’t return ’em,
But you're honest, Dobbin dear!

Here’s a strap to tie it on with,
So I'll fasten it right here!"

Dobbin gazed in grave amusement
At his strange unusual plight,

But he wasn’t one bit angry-

Daisy’s heart heknew was right,

And when other folks were laughing
At the funny, childish deed,

Dobbin thought: “ Well, let them tease her,
“Daisy knows a horse's need.”—Ex

The Forgetful Brook.

Down by the edge of the brook
A little flower there grew;

Into the water she’d look,
With eyes of blinking blue.

What is your name, little maid ?”

Said the laughing brook one day.
“Forget-me-not,” she said;
But he did, as he ran away.

Destruction of An Indian Fort.

The Plymouth settlers and the Indians
for many years were good_ friends. The
Indians saw the whites cutting down the

trees and growing crops. They saw them
making houses and villages. The whites
visited the hunting grounds of the Indian.
These things made the Indians think that
the English in a few years more would

I drive them from their homes.

At last trouble arose and all the Indian

~ tribes in New I-Inghuid joined together to

tight the whites.
: gcs and fai'ii1-lioiiscs. and many men, wom-
; en and children were slain.

They attacked the villa-

Thc whites quickly sent out soldiers to
light the Indians. The white troops were

. too strong for the Indians. and Phillilp and

his warriors were driven froni .\lt. lope.

One tribe, the .\a1'i':igaiisctts, had a fort
built of stakes fastciicd together. It was
in the town of South I{ing.-"ton, Rhode
Island. Ilcrc many lndians had tied for
safety. lint the soldiers fell upon them
and destroyed wigw;nn.~' and forts.

The whites were victorious. The land
of the Indians is now the home of thous-
ands of people. Large cities and villages
have been built up. lint the Indians liave
wasted :iw:i_v. ()iily one or two families
now remain. and these are poor specimens
of the proud Indians who once livcd in
freedom in the wilds of New linglaiid.
—— LI’.

Davie Wanted to be a Newsboy.

I):ivic'sinamii1a rcad him all about the
New York iiewsboys, and that many of
them had no homes and had to sleep out
doors all night.

"I thing that would be real fun.“ said
little l)avie. "I wish I could be a news-
boy and sleep out of doors. "

"You may try it, if you wish, llavic."
re ilied his mainma.

IWillie was one of his playmates, and he
told him all about it. That I/-[U be nice."
said \Villie. "You can take the carriage
robes and sleep on the hayinow. I will
bring you some cookies to eat if you wake
up hungry in the night."

Davie thought this would be just the
thing he would like to do. Both boys went
out to the barn, and up in one corner there
was a good chance to make a bed. llavie
went to the carriage house and brought in
two warm robes, and spread them over the
hay. Ile said it was better than being at
home.

After supper \\'illie brought him three
nice cookies, and just as it was growing
dark he said good-niglit to I)avic and went
home.

Davie thought it must be time to go to
bed, so he laid down and covered himself
up nice and wai'iii in the robes. The bed
seemed soft and he closed his eyes and tried
to go to sleep. The barn was lai'gc, and
the night was gi'owiiigdai'l-:. lietwecn the
boards he could see the twilight, and every
now and then there was a strange sound.
I):lvie thought he could hear some crczitiire
trying olltsidc to get into the barn.

He began to be afrziid, but just then he
thought of the cookies. They tasted good
to him. but he was not at all hungry.
Then he covered up his head and tried to
go to sleep. Again. he licard stiniigc
sounds. and the tears began to come into
his eyes. He thought of his mainnia and
papa and wished he could see them. It
didn‘t seem so nice after all.

A little longer he tried to go to sleep.
but all the time he kept thinking of the
nicc pretty pictures on the wall in his own
room, that he saw every morning
when he opened his eyes. All at
once he bravely rose up and started in the
darkness across the floor towards the door.
How his shoes rattled as he felt his way
along, and his heart beat very fast? llc
opened the door and ran home as fast as
his little legs could cai'r_v him.

“\\'liy, here's our Davie," exclaimed
mamma as a little boy rushed in and threw
his arins about her neck.

"I do love my home, inamina, andl don't
want to be a newsboy."

Morton on Meat.

It has been said of some man that “he
never opens his month without putting his
foot in it. “ \'\'e are inclined to think J.
Sterling Morton inust have been the man.
His latest effusion is on the subject of meat
inspection and condemnation. For several
years all meat not able to pass inspection
has been consigned at once to the render-
ing vat and all danger of it being used for
food, either here or elsewhere, has been
avoided. Now comes our mealy—mouthed
“farmers’ friend” and issues a rule which
nullities this part of the inspection law by
allowing the packers to dispose of the meat
by branding it with the wort “condemned”
if they prefer, instead of turning it into
the tanks. This gives the packers a chance
to make money at the expense of the peo-
ple’s health. The whole thing has been
aptly compared to Dogberry’s famous in-
structions to the prisoner to go free unless
he was willing voluntarily to be arrested.
An excellent thing for J. Sterlino’s friends
—the packer’s trust.— ll’e.s'z‘ern fiural.

It is a slow baby that does not know
which of its relatives is most easily imposed
upon.——P2/.0/r.

 
    
       
          
        
      
         
  
         
        
         
   
        
       
      
  
  
   
  
   
  
    
   
     
   
  
   
   
   
    
   
   
   
    
  
    
  
  
    
 
   
   
  
  
  
 
   
   
     
   
      
     
  
  
   
 
   
 
  
   
     
   
   
 
  
     
  
  
 
   
  
    
    
  
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
   
   
           
   
       
      
       
    
   
      
 
      

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4

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

   

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AUGUST 1, 1895.

THE; QRAESHGE lIlS»l’ll”©R

The llllicial Organ of the Michigan State Grange.

Published on the First and Third Thursdays, of Each Month

EDITOR :
Kenyon L. BUTTERFIELD, Lnusma, MICH.

Two whom all excliangcs and all articles for publication
should he sent.

M.1_\'.ic1-zns .-xxr) Pizisrnns:
PERRY 1! McGRArH, CHARLOTTE, MICH.
To whom all subscriptioiirs and 2ltl\'0rtl>'ll]l2 should be sent.

T]-Jl{.\l.\' 50 Cents a Year, 25 Cents for Six Months.
In (Jluhs of 20 more 40 Ceiits per Year each.
Suhscriptioiis payable in advance, and discontinued at
expiration, unless renewed.

@"Rc1nitt111iccs should be by Registered Letter. Money

Order or Draft. Do not send stnnips.

"5':-§"To insure insertion all notices should be mailed no
later than the Saturday preceding issue.

Entered at the Postofiiee at Charlotte. Mic-li.. as Second
Class mutter.

;:‘:"”.\‘r;xT lsstiz. .\t'ct's'1' 1.7.

OUR WORK. '

The followiutt liars‘ been approved by the State (irange as
a fair statcnieiit of the objects the Grziiigc of .\1i<'lii;:an
has in view, and tliespeciallincs along which it proposes to
work. We liopo every h‘ram.:c in the state will work
earncstl_\' in all tliese departiiieiit.-. HI that by a more
united etlort we sliall rapitlly increase our nunibers.
extend o11r lllllllf‘|lCt‘. and attain more and lllu!‘L‘ coinplcte-
ly those 1-iirls which we seek.

UUR UILIEFT
is the t')r1::u1izatioii of the Fariners for their own llll[)I'UVO-
nient. Fiiiaiicially. Socially. .\leiitally. Morally.

We believe that this iuiprovr,-iiientca11iul:1r¢.:c iiieasure
be brought about:

1. (a.) My wider individual study and general dis-
clission of the biisincss side of farininx: and home keepiiiq.

tb.) By co-operation for iiuancial zitlvaiitage.

2. ta.) By freqtieiit social gatlierings. and the iuiiitzlinz
together of faruiers with farnit-rs. and of farnicrs with
people of other occtipatioiis.

(b.) By st1‘i\'im.,' for :1 purer manliood, a noblcr wou1a11-
hood. and :1 tiniversal brotherhood.

3. (:1.) By sturl_vini.; and proiiiotiiigtlic iuiprovcrueiit of
ourdistrict sclioolsz.

(h.) By p:1troiiizinL: and aiding the .\1:rieult11ral (‘ol-
legos and Experinient Stations in their legitiniate work of
scientitic i1ivesti1,ratio1i, practical cxpcrinicut. and educa-
tion for rural piirsuits.

(c.) By u1:1i1itaiiii1i1.: and attendiiig fariners‘ institutes;
reading in the Reading (‘irch-: (‘>lHl)ll>llllIL,' and iising
circulating lilimries: buyiiig more and better uiagazines
and papers for tho liouic.

4. (a.l l§_vditl'11si1i;;:.'1 k1iowle1lgeot'o11r civil itistitutioiis,
and tcarliim: the high duties of citizensliip.

(h.) liy deiiiaiitliiig the eiitoreemcnt of existing statutes
and by disciissing. advocatiiig. and tryiiig to secure s11cl1
other state and iiationzil laws as shall tend to the general
justice. progress and morality.

Look out for that great "Picnic Edi-
ti0I1“V l V 9 V 9 l

\Ve hope Sccret:1ries will not forget
Grange news for the next issue. which will
be the "l’icnic Edition." Notes sho11ld be
sent at once i11 order to secure insertion.

F:1rnicrs' institute societies are being
r:1pidly org:1nized. The interest in the
northern counties of the state is especially
e111-o11r:1ging. Any county not yet orga-
nizi-.d should proceed to get in line at once.

“'1: hope tli:1t Patrons will take hold of
the Visrroit at the August picnics, and
"boom" it. \\'c shall have one of the
best \'1s1'ro1:s cverissiicd. \\'ritc to the
publislicrs for szimplc copies.

\\'c:11'c pained to :1m1ouncc the death of
Mr. Tlios. A. Millar. who has for soinc
time so kindly contributed the puzzles to
the .luvcnilc (lQ]){l1'ill1t‘lll of the V1s:1To1>..
The puzzles will for the present be discon-
tinned.

From what 5istc1' Mayo says we judge
that there are rather more children ready
than :1pplic:1tions. This work has 1'c:1chcd
:1 stage \vl1erc Graiige honor is :1t stake.
l\'c must come to tl1c1i1:1rk we have set for
ourselves.

A revised edition of "Benefits of the
Grange“ with Decl:1r:1tion of Purposes has
just been issued from the oflice of the
Lecturer of the National Grange. This is
a neatly printed ci1'cul:11', put tip in an :1t—
tractive form and intended for Grange
campaign purposes. Deputies :1nd other
Grange workers will be supplied with this
and other Grange documents by applying
to the Master or Secretary of State Grange
or by sending direct to Alpha Messer,
Lecturer of the Natit)nal Grange, Roches-
ter, Vt.

VVe notice that the United States De-
partment of Agriculture has :1 new
seal. It took a whole act of congress to
authorize it and the present secretary of
agriculture selected the design which con-
sists, as described oflicially, “of a shock of
corn, with a plow at base, with :1 back
ground of 4; stars representing the states,
and inscribed in the outer edge ‘United
States Department of Agriculture, 1862-
18953”

There is nothing particularly objection-
able in the design, until it comes to the
plow, which is :1 left hand plow. lVe
Wonder if this is the plow that Farmer

Morton hitched onto soon after his ap-
pointment and with which he has been

plowing left hand furrows all over the ag- :

ricult11r:1l interests of the country for the
past two years.

If the Grange of Michigan were only an
individual instead of tl1ous:1nd;s, and his
name Uncle Dick, we would draw near to
him :11id whisper in his: ear, or
net.-ess:11'y. this solemn truth: "You,
Uncle Ricliard, own and control one of the

give it the support necessary to m:1int:1in
its expense.
sign for this paper, the (i11.1.\'or: \'1.‘s:1To1:,
it would p:1y :1 protit: if :1ll would support
it. the p:1pcr would :1tl'ord you sucli :1 rev-
enue that yo11 coulddo much good with the
surplus." But, unfortuinitcly we c:1n only
t:1lk to only those who :1lre:1dy take the
V1s1To11. To you we say: The coming
issue is to be the "l’icnic lidition." it will
cont:1i11 the picture of :1 man you all ad-
n1ire—onc which all (_i'rr:1ngcrs will f1':1mc.
It will cont:1in v:1lu:1ble contribution.'s from
1ii:11iy of the lc:1ding (iraiigcrs of the state.
:111d in it will be found the opening cl1:1p-
tors of Graiit Allcnis great serial story
with the-«to f:1rn1crs—vcry sugge:stivc
title "At .\l:1rkct Vtllll(.‘.“ A11 effort will
be made at each fariiicrs’ picnic this month
to have the merits of the Visiroli pre-
sented with :1 view to incrcasiiig its circ11—
l:1tio11 so tl1:1t every Granger in the state
1n:1y be not only proud of his paper b11t
of its iin:1nci:1l success. May we not hope
that :1ll Grangcrs who gets this word will do
wli:1t they can to secure additional sub-
scribers for the Visiroic this uionth?

August is the uiontli of t':1r1ners' picnics
:11id few f{lI‘lllCl'S will refuse :1 chance to
get so good :1 paper as the Visrron at its
low price. Let us pull together.

THE FARZlI PAGE OF 'l'HE VISITOR.

Last winter the comniittcc o11 reso-
lutions, we believe at the State Grange.
rcconnnendcd that :it least li:1lf the "space
in the V1.s1'ro11 should be given 11p to pr:1c-
tic:1l f:1rni articles. \\'c regard this as out
of proportion to the rcl:1tivc amount of
time given such topics in our Grzuige
work: b11t if we tried to carry o11t tilt; idea
suggested. we should li:1ve to clip from the
papers :1lmost entirely. It is :1 strange
fact that we have gre:1t dilliculty in secur-
ing origin-.1l articles on these pr:1ctic:1l top-
ics. So many l’:1tro11s whom we ask to
contribute for o11r f:1r111 page f:1il to re-
spond that it is soinetiincs very <liscour:1-
ging. \\'h:1t we w:1iit for that page are
not essays, nor finely written scicntitic
discourses. b11t we want the everyday farm
e.\'pcricnces :1ndh:1rd headed opiiiiotis of
everyday :111d sensible f:1rmers. l\'hy c:1n‘t
we have these, and have them more :1b11nd—
antlyf \\'hy will you not help 11s. Pat-
rons. by sending us notes and observ:1tions
which come to you in your work. or by
m:1king cominents on articles which do :1p-
pear in our coluniiisf

\\'e wish that o11r readers would be free
to have their say, and would help 11s by
sending in frequent contributioiis of the
sort mentioned. You can help us improve
the paper more than you imagine if you
will do this.

PRACTICAL TOPICS IN GRANGE.

A few Grnngcs hold their meetings with
the same regularity and frequency in sum-
111er as in winter. But from our observa-
tion we belicve that the majority of Granges
in Michigan consider the sn1nnicrse:1son as
:1 sort of v:1c:1tion time in Grange work. Of
course it is impr:1ctic:1ble to have the same
variety and weight in Grange programs
during the summer season. Men and women
who toil with their hands every day of the
week are too weary at the week's close to
engage in deb:1tc upon literary or economic
subjects.

But it does seem as if those Granges that
neglect to improve the summer months by
meeting frequently and by discussing sub-
jects of practical moment at the time when
discussion will be of most value, are miss-
ing one of the greatest benefits the
Grange affords. It appears to us that if it
is profitable to discuss crop growing and
marketing in winter, such discussion will
be doubly profitable if carried on when the
particular crops under consideration are
being grown and marketed. Why should

If half your children would ; _ _ _
3 all day he is 111 no condition to 1'1-:1d Ad:11ii

- h'niitli‘s "\Vc:1lth of .\':1tio11s-."

not the Grange, during the growing sea-
son, be an institute, where farniers meet
and give their experiences and talk over
methods and results? If those who some-

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times croak about the Grange being of 

little pI‘actic:1l value would urge and :1t—

. tend meetings devoted to this sort of dis-

; ciissioii, and would t:1kc part in them. we

sliout if 2

believe they would get their nio11cy's worth
in the Grange.
Let us see if we can not make the Grange

, of more money value to its nicmbcrs.
tinest papers in Micliigzin, b11t you do not ‘

SL'.l[.l{ER RE-{I)INLr'.
After :1 man h:1s labored in the hay ticld

Tlic aver-
age man wants to go to bed and get :1 f11ll
quotaof "1i:1t11re's sweet rcstorcr." \\'e
know from person:1l 1-.\'pc1'lcI1cc the ditlicul—
ties to be cncouiitcrcd b_v :1 young and vig-
orous f:1rmcr who tries to improve the
spare moniciits of :1 suiniiicris day by
reading. lint tlicsc s:11iic sunuiicr days are
so oppo1't1111c for iiiiprovcliiciit that it
should be every young f:1rn1cr's :1i1ibitio11
to improve them. \\'h:1t sliall he re:1d{
and how can he get the time! ln the tirst
pl:1cctl1cre:1rc the f:1riii papers. if well
conducted, these papers discuss f:11'm topics
at :1 time when they are of iiiost interest
and v:1l11c. One or two of the best farm
papers: will furnisli enough of such articles
for sumuier. Then there :1rc f:1r1n books.
such as those in the l“:1rm lloinc lteading
Circle. They contain valuable inattcr for
reference: and it is :1 splendid idea to be
able to brush up again on ch:1pters re:1d
during the previous winter, :1t :1 sc:1s-on
when they are timely. Of course the ex-
periment station bulletins are accessible,
and there is no better time to refer to
them than in the season when the (,‘1'()]).\‘
they discuss are in vogue. If one is syste-
111:1tic and pcrsevering, it uiight not be :1
b:1d idea to have :1 scrap book, well indexed,
m:1de 11p of clippings from rcput:1blc f:1rm
papers. be:1ring 011 the various crops and
operations of the f:1r111. ()nly :1 few will
ever do this. but it would (loubtlcss be :1
v:1lu:1ble proceeding. Each 111:111 will find
his favorite method for this sort of suiiinicr
re:1ding, but there is little qiicstioii of the
value of such re:1di11g. As to time, the
only p1':1ctic:1ble way  to improve the
spare nioments. l.’l:1n :1 little as to wli:1t
book or paper you will have h:1ndy. and
then get in the habit of taking 11p tl1:1t
book or paper whenever you have tivc or
ten minutes to spare. No man is so busy
th:1t these spare niomcnts do not come to
him. licad topics in their season tli:1t you
may get the most benclit.

\Vc hope these points will inspire :1 few
young men to form :1 habit of 1'1.-:1dii1g for
information and self improvenicnt.

or)1.\‘G TO COLLEGE.
it will not be long before st1'c:11ns of
young men and women will be pouring
from the f:1rms of Micliigaii to the

v:1rious colleges of the state. In spite
of the hard times, these aiiibitious
young people will st:1rt thcir col-

lege courses. For it is :1 well known
fact th:1t our colleges and university yearly
receive the bulk of their new students from
the f:1r11i. \Vhe:1t 11i:1y be high or it may
be low, but with almost continu:1lly in-
cretising volume the streaiii of young men
:111d women bent on educ:1tion sets in on its
:1n1111:1l flow. The honest br:1wn of the
farm is thus t1':1nsformed into the cultured
brain of the whole nation. Our people, we
fear, too little realize the healthful influence
of this iiow of healthy blood from country
to city, especially when it is tr:1nsmuted
through the medium of :1 college career.
“hat the farm loses the nation gains.
“The farmer feeds them all, ” not only with
bread but with brain. Every vocation
pays tribute, in the persons of its bright-
est and best, to the farm boy and girl.

But in thinking over the business of life,
and in choosing the college where the
adequate training for that business may be
obtained, we pray the farm boy, and girl
too,not to forget farming and our Agricul-
tural College. True, it is discouraging
Work farming nowadays. But we trust
that better days are dawning, and it is
everywhere recognized that the young
men who prepare themselves to farm With
brain and science find avenues of success
open before them.

The Agricultural College is the farmers’

college. The prini:1r_v idea of the College
is to give the sons of 1':1rmers.or others
who wish to follow fariiiing. opportunity
to obtain :1 pr:1ctic:1l and scientitic knowl-
edge of fzirming operatioiis :111d at the same
time to give such :1 gciicr-.1l ediicatioii as

I shall enable its gr:1du:1tes to r:111k as gentle-

men of culture. Any young man who
thinks that his life work m:1y be in contact
with the soil should consider well before

‘ he decides to rcinain away from our Ag-

ricultur:1l College. If he can not take :1
full course. he will gain much from one or
two _\'c:1rs' work. \\'c hope that the new

‘ cl:1ss at the College this fall will be l:1i'gc1'
‘ tl1:111 ever before.

THE t:'Ii’-l.\'lv‘E .~l.\'1"' N--l'I‘l(I.\'.ll. I.I;'l:'I.\'I..-t-
'1'I().\'.

The N:1tion:1l (ilr:1nge has c.\‘c1'te-l :1

powcrflil inllucucc upon the cong1'cssion:1l

lcgislatioii of this country. The story of
the :1cl1ic\'c1ncnts' in this line is :1 f:1n1ili:1r
one. :u1d st:1uds' to the evcrlasting honor of
the (irangc :11id as :1 nionuniciit to the wis-
dom :u1d power of the great (irangc lead-
crs.

lint tliesc questions :1lw:1ys occur in
niovcincnts of this kind: li:1\'ewe done all
we could! (‘an we improve in our methods
or attain g1'c:1tcr results.’ So what we li.-1\'c
ll) .~':l_\' lllmll lllt? I't‘l:lll<i11 (if the (i[';u]t_r(1, tr)
n:1tio11:1l lcgisl:1tion will not be :1t :1ll in the
spirit of criticism. but :1 humble attempt
to make some suggcstioiis that 1n:1y be
helpful in rciidcring our noble (lrdcr :1
more ctlcctivc instruincnt in the li:1nds of
the f:1rnicrs.

As we underst:1nd it. the policy of the
N:1ti<ii1:1l Grange has been to pl:1cc its leg-
islative 11i:1ttcrs in the h:11ids of :1 strong
coiiiinittcc. who would present the wishes
of the (i‘rr:111ge to the proper coiig1'essio11:1l
committee, and by letters, :111d their per-
sonal presence. cndc:1vo1' to 1-in-ry to the
minds of coiigrcssnicii the idc:1 tl1:1t the
great body of the f:1rn1c1's of the country is
1'cprese1ite1l by the (irange :1nd ill('l'('l)_V lo
persmidc congress to enzict the desired lcg-
islation. The results of such :1 p¢1li1'_\' l1;iu_,-
been quite s:1tisf:1cto1'y. The .\:1tion:1l
(i'rr:11ige is rcg:1rded :1s :1 conscrv:1tivc. iii-
tclligciit. strong body.

During the last few years there have

been sc\'cr:1l iiieasures before congress, .’Pr.l.-,2

vocatcd by the (irangc, which l1:1\‘c not had
duc considcr:1tio11 by o11r u:1tion:1l legisla-
tors. l’urc food bills. :1nti-gr:1in g:1nibling
bills, :1udf1'cc mail dcli\'c1'y projet-ts. have
not succeeded so well :is the st-utinients of
is there not
some w:1_\' to bring :1 greater p1'essui'e to
bear upon congress. and thus gait) inore of
wli:1t we want!

To this end we niake the following sug-
gcstion:

our f:1rn1crs would w:1rr.-int.

Let the .V:1ti<»i1:1l (ir:1ngc. :1t its
next session, dctcrminc upon some one or
two 111c:1s11i'cs tli:1t the f:1r11iers<lcsi1'ccn:1ct-
cd. Instruct the legisl:1tiveconiinittcc todis—
tribute. :1lno11g all the states. litci':1ture
showing the value of such legislatioii. Let
them work with and through siiiiilar
committees of the scverzil st:1tc (i‘rr:1ngcs.
Let the subordin:1tc (,i1':111gcs bc :1sl<(-d to
discuss the subjects thoroughly and to send
petitions :1nd to write letters to the con-
g1'ess111:111 from their district.

This plan is not new. b11t we believe tl1:1t
our N:1tion:1l (i'rr:1nge has never orgzmized
the work as thoroughly as this suggestion
conteniplatcs. \\'c rcincniber tli:1t o11r
people in i\lichig:1n have been requested in
:1 general way to write lctt(:1's and postal
cards to o11r congressmen. b11t we do not
rcniember that we have been asked to sys-
tematize our appeals and to endeavor to
push matters to :1 sticccssful issue, so far as
our state could do its sh:1re. “'0 have
rczison to think that the ni:1jority of 0111'
present congrcssnien from Michigzin would
listen gladly to any re:1son:1ble requests
that the Michigan Grangcs should make of
them, and that they would vote in accord-
ance with our wishes.

“'6: hope that the N:1tion:1l Grange may
see fit to more fully organize its legislative
work. For we sincerely believe that more
effective work could be accomplished by
such orgzinization.

From 1875 to 1895.

Dallas County, Ia., 4-16-96.

Mr. 0. W. INGERSOLL,

Dear Sir: Enclosed you will find another or-
der for your Rubber paint. It was in the year
1875 that I last ordered from you and my order
was filled with care and accuracy, and has lasted
and looked well ever since that time.

Yours Truly,
NATHAN A. Mourer, Box 218.

See Advt. Ingersoll’s Liquid Rubber Baints.

-_.._._._. ————-.¢....... V. 

wavy‘: 13.1..

    

  
     
     
  
  
  
   
  
  
 
   
   
   
  
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
    
   
   
   
  
   
      
   
    
   
   
   
 
   
 
  
 
  
  
   
   
  
  
   
  
 
    
   
  
  
  
    
  
   
   
  
  
  
    
    
    
  
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
   
     
     
    
  
    
  
  
  
   
   
  
  
    
   
   
  
    
     
    
   
  
    
    
   
   
 
     
       
     
     
     
       
         
         
     
  

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AUGUST 1, 1895.

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

A Good Chance to Help.

It is most commendable, the deep inter-
est that the people of Detroit have evinced ‘
in the ample means provided for the trans-
portation of the beneficiaries to the Grange

resh Air Outing; the work is most thor-
-oughly provided for at that point. A letter
from Miss Field of Grand Rapids bears
this helpful paragraph: “Oh, how this
charity, just this isneeded! I am ready to
send a gii'l of fifteen and her sister to the
home of Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Palmer of ?
Kalkaska. The girl has worked very hard
helping the mother who has baked to sup-
port herself and children, being left a A
widow. The girl is worn out and all run
down, and must have a change of some
kind. There are two little girls, daugh-
ters of a washer woman, who have worked
very hard tugging back and forth great
baskets of clothes for a year, and I hope to
get them into the home of Mrs. \\'ilcox of =
the same place. The G. Ii. & I. railroad ‘
is exceedingly kind, giving transportation.
VVho could refuse to such as these shelter,
food and a good time for two weeks 5"

One sister with a great heart, frail body, 

l

and all the work that comes to the aver-
age fariner's wife. says: “Tiines are hard,
crops almost nothing; I have all the \vork
I can manage, but I‘ll take two little ones.
and can place six or eight more in good
homes.”

Miss Estey of Detroit says, "I have four
nice gii'ls now all ready and so many niak-
.ing demands to go, let me hear from you
 to places.”

Dear Patrons, if the crops have failed,
there is something to live upon. If there
is all the work you know how to meet. I
believe if we share what we have with
others who need just this; if it takes a little
more strength and effort to meet the extra
demand made upon us all that is required
shall be met somehow. “\Vith what meas-
ure ye meet it shall be Ineasured to you
again, pressed down, shaken together. ruii—
ing over.”

At the last session of the State Grange a
strong resolution was introduced by Sister
-Gray of Traverse City Grange, asking that
the work be vigorously pushed this coming
year. It was heartily adopted without a
single dissenting vote. Shall we not carry
out the work and wishes of that body! It
is a good work, right in line with our prin-
ciples. and let all the Patrons respond by
otfering their homes to one of these for
just two weeks.

MAi>.i' A. .\lA\'o.

Crop Report For July.
L’. S. D:-partinent of Agricultiire.

The July returns to the Statisticiaii of
the I)epartinent of Agriculture by the cor-
respondents thereof make the following
averages of condition: Corn, 9).:-1: winter
wheat, 135.3‘ spring wheat. 10:! "' all wheat.
76.2: oats. 833.13; winter rye. 52.2: spring
r_ve. 77', all rye. 50.7; barley. 111.1’: rice.
P5-1.4: potatoes. $91.3; tobacco. .s‘.';.‘.t

Coi<.\'.—Tlie report on acreage of corn,
which is preliminary. shows 107.5 as coiii-
pared with the area planted in list!-1, which
was a little over Tb',0<N|,000 acres. being an
increase of 1.5.00‘ 1.000 acres. and aggrega-
ting iii round numbers .\"_’,<N 10,01 M acres.

The averages for‘ the principal corn states
are: Ohio, 101: Michigan, loo’: Indiana,
10-1; Illinois, 105: \\'isconsiii, 1o.'»: .\Iinnc-
sota. 112: Iowa. 101$‘. Missouri, 107: Kaii-
sas, 117; Nebraska, 107; Texas, 112; Teii-
nessee, 10?: Kentucky, 10;’. The average
condition of corn is 1l‘.9.2~1. against 9.5 in July
last year and 593.2 in 1.\j".9:6.

The averages of condition in the priiici-
pal states are as follows: Ohio. 91: Michi-
gan ‘Jo; Indiana, 95; Illinois, ‘.02; Iowa, 10.3;
Missouri, 109: Kansas, 10-1: Nebraska. ‘J5;
"Texas, 118; Kentucky. 903: Tennesseee, 98.
Average condition for the whole country
is $99.3.

Wii\‘Ti~:R WI-IEAT.—-A good yield is iiidi—
cated froni Maryland and the Pacific Slope,
and a greatly reduced crop in New York,
Michigan, Illinois. and \'isconsin—con-
tinned drought having checked growth in
stalk and head. In Missouri and Kansas
rains have improved the condition since
June 1, but the yield will be low and the
quality poor. A lower condition, owing to
Hessian fly and chinch bug, in Pennsyl-
vania, Virginia, and Michigan, and to hot
dry winds in California. is also reported.

The condition of winter wheat is 65.8,
-against 71.1 in June and 83.2 last July.
The ercentages of the principal states are:
New lork, 7 8; Pennsylvania, 88; Kentucky,
85; Ohio, 60; Michigan, 69'. Indiana, 52;
Illinois, 50; Missouri, 68; Kansas, 112; Cali-
fornia, S2; Oregon. 95, and \Vashington,
93.

Returns from 38 states and territories
indicate that the amount of wheat yet re-
maining in farmers’ hands 5.7 per cent
of the 1894 crop, or 26,250,000 bushels in
all.

OA'rs.——Sufiering badly from dry weather,
as reported from New York, Pennsylvania,
Michigan, and Indiana, but recent rains
have brought considerable improvement in
Iowa, Missouri, and Kansas. A short,
thin crop and injury by chinch bugs in Illi-
nois.

The condition of oats is 83.2 against 8-1.-

 

3 June 1, and 77.9 July 1. 189+.
linsn POTATO}-ZS.—InCI‘eaSe of area un-

E der this crop continues since 1892: HOW 7-9

per cent greater than last year, only seven
states showing a decrease. Minnesota in-

. creases its area by one-third, and four
; other statgs by one-fourth.
« average 141.5, being reduced by low tigures

Condition

for important producing states: 57 for
Illinois. 70 for Indiana, 7-1 for Ohio, and
-57 for Michigan. Condition reported low
also in the Virginias, North Carolina, Ten-
nessee. and Kentucky. On the 'uppe1_'
Mississippi (north of Illinois) and Blissouri

- the reports are above normal: siniilarly in

Arkansas and Texas. A large yield (con-
ditioii 115) on a largely incicarsed area re-
ported in Florida. Soinedaiiiage from the
potato bug and other insects this year. but
less that usual. \\'hcre a low condition is

‘ reported. the cause is drought and late

frosts.

CIA)\'EI{.——C<)ll<lltl<)ll this year. T2~‘..‘.!., At
the saine date in lxivl, ML2: in 1\€_!I3. ‘.9‘_'.*’>:
in isoz. £I.';..3; in lxitl. 859.2%.

Figures for some large lia_v states excep-
tionally low. For New York, 032: Pennsyl-

vania, 72%: Ohio. 13; filicliigan. 355; Indiana
‘ and Illinois. .74: \\isconsiii. -H3. ‘
“ Dakota. Colorado, llasliiiigtoii. ()1‘Cf_'UI1_-

.\_‘outh

and California are nearly normal. I)rought_
and frosts have been the chief causes of
low condition. Plant largely wiiiterkilled
in the more nortliern states. Sonic sliglit
injury from cutworiiis reported in Ken-
tucky and Indiana. from grasslioppei*s 111
Michigan. and from the army worm in
California. Recent rains have brought
some iinproveinent in Kansas and a few
states to the eastward. Alfalfa is growing
in favor in regions of deficient rainfall: _it
is reported from Nebraska as having win-
tered well and as so thriving without irri-
gation as to be "the most promising crop
of all.“

Ti_\ioTiii'.—Condition now 70.8; in 1.\“.ol,
77.3: in 1593, .5“.9..\; in 15112, ‘.H$..s: in lstil,
87.4. A drought tliroughout the whole
North Atlantic and North Central divisions,
from New England to Kaiisas. accounts for
tliis unprecetleiitedly low condition. Ohio,
Michigan, Indiana, and Illinois report only
oiie-tliird to two-fifths of a crop. Local
iniprovemeiit from recent rains noted. as
with clover. Frost in the more northern
states. and insects in others. were minor
causes of iiijury.

I’.\sTL'i:i1.—'I'liei'e is a general complaint
of drought. except on the (julf Coast and
in the Rocky Mountain region. where the
condition is above 100. The states worst
affected are Ohio. Micliigan. Indiana, and
Illinois, where the condition is under .30,
and New York. l’enns_vlvania. \Vest Vir-
ginia, and \Visconsin. in which it is 7.3 or
less. During June the condition of pas-
tures decliiied from .\,'7~‘.1 to 78.7.

I“i>.t'i'r.—-»l/;p/rs: The condition ofapples
has niaterially lo\vercd since the report of
Julie. Losses have been especially marked
in important states having already low coii—
ditioiis, viz. the New lingland states. New
York. Peiinsylvaiiia, Michigan. \\'isconsin.
and Minnesota. In the Piedmont region
the outlook is decidedly more favorable.

In Missouri and contiguous states the de-
cline has been slight, not above 21 per cent
in any case. but the conditions are not
as high as in the Piedmont orcliards. On
the Pacitic Coast the conditions fell 8 to 11
per cent. but the prospects there are still
good. Frost at time of bloom, subsetpient
drouths. and heavy dropping are the main
causes of the iiiipaii'ed prospects.

[’.,./w//«_-.-.' lteturns relative to the peach
c1'op show a general decline in coiiditioiis.
Georgia and Coniiecticut alone of the lead-
ing coniniercial states have now a high
percentage. the fornier having moved up
to loo. :1 gain of 1 point. the lattei' de-
clining to so from ‘.04. New Jersey has
lost twelve points and now stands at T3;
l)elaware 13, standing at 70. Maryland
has advanced from or: to 66. The condi-
tion of Virginia, 59, is lower than in J uiy
by 13 points. Michigan has prospect of
less than half a crop, while the percentage
of Ohio. 22, is the lowest of all. In Cali
fornia the condition figure declined from
88 on June 1 to 77 on July 1.

(.li'i‘/(1)1;-\‘.' Frosts have done much dani-
age to this crop. especially in the more
northern belt and in the central west.

A Model Official.

There is no man in the country being
more talked about than Theodore Roose-
velt. It is not because the people of the
United States have special interest in the
excise laws to which New York  subject-
ed, but for the reason that they admire the
fearless and impartial enforcement of these
laws by the man upon whom the duty of so
doing is imposed by virtue of his oflice.
He is showing an example of ofiieial cour-
age that municipal executives everywhere
will do well to emulate. It is°such rugged
fearlessness as his that must be depended
upon to check the tide of corruption and
destroy the body politic to that high estate
in which alone there is safety. He is dis-
playing that spirit of loyalty to the law
which is the guarantee -_of its enforcement,
and his attitude in the resent emergency
is worth far more to t e cause of reform

than are the direct results which he is ac-

complishing. There was the right ring in
his recent statement that "I would rather
see this administration turned out for en-
forcing the laws than see it succeeded bv ;
violating them." i
There is an iniineiise amount of loyalty
and patriotisni embodied in this utterance.
If tie underlying sentiment were to be
adopted by every otlicial in the land the
work of needed reform would be accom-
plished and the ierpctuity of our institu-
tions assured. \ 'hen .\lr. lloosevelt found
the excise laws 11 ion the statute books he
did not question tlie right of the legislative
power behind them or seek to c.\'ci'cise ju-
dicial authority in passing upon their con-
stitutioiiality. Ilc simply said that the ~
laws were there for his cnforcenient. leav-
ing him without discretion in dealing with
thoscatfected. And his position is unas-
sailable. It has become too common a
thing for our laws to be nullified through
the derilectioii of tliosc intrusted with tlieir
eiiforceiiieiit. There is need of more men
like Mr. ltoosevclt in the public service.
and when found they should be retained.
‘‘‘]/I ’/‘ll/.’ [T/‘(gr 1)/‘r’.\‘.\‘,

The Farmer to the Rescue.

On nuinerous occasioiis the Free l’rcss
has urged a recognition of the practical
good sense that should govern in the dc-
velopnient of the upper peninsula of Michi-
gan. confident that the logic of cvcnts
would bring about an adoption of the ideas
which it urged for the consideration of
those interested. There are few sections
blessed with such a wealth of i'csoui'ces and
it is not surprising that in the eager rush
of capital to realize upon them there is a
departure from the slowci' methods adopt-
ed where pei'iiiaiici1cy of settlenient and
prosperity are contemplated. The appar-
eiitl_v unlimited supply of pine was an at-
traction that could not be resisted with any
view to building for the future of that part
of the state. It caiuc as near being ready
money as any commodity in which great
investiiients could be made. and the slaugli—
ter of the forests was vigorously prosecuted
without thoughts of what would follow.

But now a new problem is 1)1‘t‘.s‘L‘lll(*il to
the district beyond the straits, and it is
gratifyiiig to see her people arising to the
demands of the emergency. The land has
been largely shorii of its pine forests. The
luring liarvest that nature placed upon the
sui'face. has been garnered. The invading
hosts have witlidi':iwn. and now it is real-
ized that their work was one of destruction
and not of material development. As the
ground work of steady. liealtliy and lasting
growth. agriculture inust be cstablislicd.
The fariiici' must provide the means of sub-
sistence for those in the inines and facto-
i'ies, as well as all others who cast their lot
with the upper peiiinsula people. The soil
is fertile and prolific. the products to be
raised are varied. and the great interests
yet to be developed there will insure re-
inuiierative inarkcts. With inexhaustible
mines. an immeiise amount of hardwood to
bc utilized, tine shipping facilities and a
demand that will never cease to exist. the
rapid tilling up of the country is assured if
the farmer does his part. To find a base of
supplies elsewhere ineans such an increase
of expense as cannot be borne in tliesc da_vs
of keen competition. The time has come
when the cnltivatioii of the soil is a neces-
.\’ll_V-‘//< f/‘I//7 .]'I/‘cw ./’/'¢.x-s.

Prejudice Against Wealth.

Pessimists and demagogucs are trying to
make it appear that the wealthy people of
this country are utterly devoid of patriot-
ism and are rapidly advancing towards the
customs, inanners and traditions of the old
world aristocracy. Tli-at there is a snob-
bish element in this t‘()lll1ll'y‘\\'ll0 try to
ape this foreign a1'istoci'acy no one will
deny, but that a large proportion of the
wealthy class in this country are sensible
Ainericans is shown by the fact that since
J anuary 1. 131,93, gifts and bequests aggre-
gating iiearly $11,ooo.ooo have been made
to various public institutionsand objects of
charity in this country.

If the root of private charity could be
made out it would doubtless swell the
amount to a round $20.01 10,01 N L Such be-
quests and almost boundless charity are un-
known in foreign lands. It is wrong to
teach that the rich in this country are all
bad men or that all their wealth was ac-
cumulated by dishonest ways. The plain
truth in regard to such niatters should be
known. The fact is there are but few peo-
ple anywhere who would not become rich
if they could. VVe are not rich, because
of our desire to be poor, but because of our
inabilitv to accunilate or realize wealth.

In oiir poverty we think we would be
noble hearted and generous if we were
rich, but are we sure that riches would en-
tirely eliminate from ourselves the element
of selfishness which we des ise and abhor
in others. There is but litt e danger from
individual wealth in this country. It is the
Great combinations of capital that are
dangerous and all of these combinations
are subjected to government control when-
ever they menace the rights or liberties of

the people. This being true we should di-

1 foreign excliangc.
few inonths we have \vitnessed sterling

rect our etforts to the control of the gov-

; ernnient and thus bring these dangerous
f coinbinations under the direct control of

the ieople. \\'ell directed etl'orts along
this line will bring tangible results. but the
senseless tirade against the rich which we
often hear. is absolute foll_v.—//Hr (r'/-rm‘:/r.

ll/I//I”-V.

The Bond Contract.

It is no e.\'aggeration to state that this
contract between the syndicate and the

1 (loverninent is a most cxtraordiiiar_v docu-

iiient. Not only did the svndicate agi'ce
to furnish gold and restore the Treasury
reserve. which they liavedone. but they
:lg‘l‘c(‘il to keep the gold in 'I‘1'e;1si1r\' until
October next irrespective of the rate of
Tluis during the past

rates for excliange at a point making it

protitablc for gold to go abroad, vet none

went out. The creation of a debt balance
in liuropc by the purchase there of about
$53'_’.l""’.”“H in gold, and the sale there of
iiearly $::.‘._ooo,m»o worth of .~\mcricaii se-
curities within three months. is onlv a
small part of the cllort made to inaiiitaiii a
favorable i'atc for foreign excliaiigc. livi-
dently the "linancial illlll1(‘llt‘t'“ :iiid "all
lcgitiiiiatc ctI'oi'ts" of this svndicate "to
protect the Treasury of the lvlllltwl l‘,‘l:1lt‘.~‘.“
when backed by nearly Si}: N mu io_oi M of
capital and the iiitluence of the largest
baiikers in the world. nicans the ability at
times to suspend the operation of the laws
of trade. This is true in aseiisc. As a
matter of fact. although not generally
knowii—few. if any. in the llclmoiit-I{otlis—
cliild—Morgaii syiidiciite le.\'cepl those
named). know that not only have financial
iiitcrests of other governincnts been made
to wait on the rcquireiuciits of the Treas-
ury of the l'nited Stzitcs, but l)l't)lll:llIl(? li-
nancial t1'2llisactloIls in exchaiige have been
waived. have not been takcii advantage of
here and in liuropc. in order that gold inav
stay in the Treasui'_v :iiid the credit of this
(i(l\'t‘l'lllllt‘lll be maintaiiied. The domi-
nating intluences in the liuropean and
.-\incrican worlds of finance are iiitt-rested
to see that gold does not go out when rates
of c.\'cliaiigc indicate a protit. and “\Vall
»‘.'1I'('I‘t.“ /. «.. the s_vndic2itc. has t'oi'cgonc
and will forego such opportuiiitc.-. This
reads somcwliat uncinumcrciall_v. it is
true. but when the operations of the syndi-
cate are made known of all iucn. if they
ever are. the account of :1 banker rcfusiiig
to export gold when such :i ll':lll.\':l(-ll()ll
otl'ei'ed him a protit. because of his rela-
tion to or with the syndicate which pro-
posed to maiiitain the gold reserve in the
l'nitcd States Trcasui'y. in coniparisoii will
be a ('t)llllll()ll1)l:ltf(‘.——"]'i‘r;//I ll?/N .\’//w;/
NIH] //H 7'/W/«if of /54 /zlruw/'////an/," /)VI/
.l//Ir/‘/ (V. i\'// /‘«//.s. «in //1. .////_// /45 /'/'r«/- of

) .
]u /‘u /I‘.\‘,

The Pure Food Contest.

(‘oinniissioiier Mt-Neal and his assistant.
Mr. Stewart. called at our otlicc recently
and we had a pleasant chat. The commis-
sion is coiistaiitly on the alert for viola-
tions of our pure food l:i\\'.s'. The ()ppo.sl—
tioii that has been developed tlirough the
impartial enforceinent of tlicse laws is
bringing them into proiniiiciice throughout
the country and the honest sentiment of
the country is eiiipliatically in their favor.
The president of the Ohio I’liarmaccuticaI
association in his animal address rccciitly.
at Sandiisky, commended both the law and
the manner of its t.-nforceiiieiit under Com-
missioner McNeal. lie declared that the
coinniission had pursued an honorable.
fair and iiiipai'tial course. and that the en-
forceincnt of the law 1)l'< )(lll('(.'ll a good elfect
upon the industries involved. as well as
giving purer foods and medicines to the
people. lie advised druggists to get the
confidence of the people by fui'nisliiiig pui'e
articles, and to sustaiii the law that sought
to drive out the frauds. This is the right
kind of talk. An etfort will be made this
winter to get the word “kiiowingly" in-
serted in all the laws relating to the sale of
adulterated or counterfeit products. That
would destroy all protection. If the coni-
mission had to prove that the dealer sold
these things knowing them to be such, a
successful prosecution could never be
made. Farniers should be a unit in support
of our pure food laws. No other class is
injured so much by these fraudulent and
imitation products.—(M/0 1%/./-me;-.

STATE or OHIO, Crrvor TOLEDO, g
LUCAS COUNTY 33

Frank J. Cheney makes oath that he is the
senior partner of the firm of F. J. CHENEY
& C0,. doing business in the City of Toledo,
County and State aforesaid, and that said firm
Wlll pay the sum of ONE HUNDRED DOL-
LARS for each and every case of Catarrh that
cannot be cured by the use of HALLS CATARRH
CURE. FRANK. J. CHENEY.

Sworn to before me and subscribed in my
presence, 6th day of December, A. D. 1886.

/saws W. A. GLEASON,
§SEAL g Notary Public.
\/Y\/

Hall’: Catarrh Cure is taken internally and acts
directly on the blood and mucous surfaces of
the system. Send for testimonials, free.

F. J. CHENEY & 00., Toledo, 0.

l§"Sold by druggists. 75c.

 
  

   
  
   
  

     
   
   
    
  
  
  
  
    
 

 

5‘: we -M.--«'.»¢a-...y.va«-o«..-.a~a ,.

   
  
  
   
  
  
   
   
  
   
   
   
   
  
 
    
   
 
 
  
  
   
  
  
   
    
  
     
 
  
   
   
 
  
  
   
   
    
   


  

 

 

vl

    

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

AUGUST 1. 1895.

A. H. WARREN,
’ Ovid, Itflch.
‘_ ‘ Breeder of IMPROVED

-5 Chester “'hite Swine
and Lincoln Sheep. you want a nice fall
pig, and at prices that will as-toiiish you. just
e

t me hear from you stating what you want. I i;

have pigs that will suit.

On Top .

Good beef is there now.
Mr=rino:— will not stay below long.
“'1: have right stock at right prices.

(‘all or write
\V. E. BOYDEN,
tf Delhi Mills. Mich.

,3 A No. 1 FARM
 HARNESS

Made of IlI’:'C-Cl13S stock and
warriiiiled. and all Hond-
Dlade. We rs-tail all our
Flnrncsl It Wholesale prices
and ship anywhere on up‘
proval and guarantee satis
(Action.
Write for Catnlogne.

HAND lllllll HIRNESSGH
smuou. MICH.

 

‘Fir JUALITV."

We are the only authorizr-d
NURSERY SUl’l’L 1' ()0l\II’A.\' 1'
For Thl.‘--—

GRANGE OF IHIUHIGAN
and wc have 5,(lU0.U0l)trncs and plants for sale
Ask your secretary for particulars.
(}l{EENlN(i'v ]£l{()§..
M oiiroe Mich.

$384,255,l28

IS SPENT annually for Tobacco.
Thousands of men die every year from
that dreadful disease, Cancer of the
Stomach, brought on by the use of
Tobacco.

The use of tobacco is injurious to
the nervous system, promotes heart
trouble, affects the eye sight, injures
the voice, and makes your presence ob-
noxious to those clean and pure from
such a filthy habit.

Do You Use Tobacco?

If you do. we know you would like
to quit the habit, and we want to as-
sist you, and will, if you say the word,
How can we Help you?

Why, by inducing you to purchas of
C0LLi’s TOBAC(J0 ANTIDOTIS. which is
a. preparation compounded strictly of
herbs and roots, which is a tonic to the
system; also cures the_ tobacco habit
and knocks cigarettes sillv.

How do we know it will Cure you?

First, by its thousands and thousands
of cures; second, by the increased de-
mand for it from the most reputable
wholesale houses, third, we know What
it is composed of, and that the prepa-
ration will clean the svstem of nico-
tine, and will cancel all errors of the
past.

Your I)i'iif__r_<_risl

has Colli for sale. If he has not. ask him to
get it for you. If he tries tr. palm oil‘ sonic-
thing ‘ust sis “goo:l," insist on having Colli. If
he wil not order it for you, send us ($1.111): one
dollar, and receive :1. box of Colli postpiiid. Re-
mcmbcr CULLI Criuzs

In most cases onc box affects :1 cure, but we
guarantor three boxes to cure any one.

Colli Remedy Company.,
HlGGI.\'S\'lI.Ll£, MO.

FEED CUTTERS

 

 

 

   

-‘V :.« I -"l
5 -3 E _:
F: 7-; E '2:
o -- -— — .:
~_-' In K. K. g
If  _<£  ’_-2,‘ '_I, J
- 11 2 ..~ ‘ Z ‘t VT
2  I: : '54; S--7-' 1
$2.80 and upwards. I, 5 5 1- 7 .; .: ,’- 5
: ~ - - —— av ~« .4
Also Hay Pi-essi-s._ Hay Te-<lile1's. l\Iow- ; ; ’,~ .___-_______.
ers. Home Rakes_L‘iiltiva‘rors, and other  
iiiipleiiieiits at ]1l‘1('eS to suit the tariiiers 1  __ \\
for CASH. All iinplciiiciits _£11a1'21IlIt'€1l ‘ -'- 5 I E
to be of the very best produced. Address , 3. 3 1 Li 5
ANN ARBOR AGI{lUlTLTl'l{AL ou.. : C : 7...: \~ Q
Ann Arbor, 3Iicli_ ,:  '\ _:
E g -7 I: 'f_ '7 ’.
FBENGH BUHB MILL ’  '~ I ‘““"“
., 7.
4 -‘ r
The Best 7‘__  3 F  ,.
—.~«%— ‘  I i T :-
Mills forI<:irin— * ; 2;: : 
ers and tliose _ 4  2 5
doing a Custoiii _/ , '~ _ " > _: _ ,
Meal and Iced ;
Grinding BlIS1—  Z;
ness: ,_ 1 
, 4 2
(‘.18 Sizes and Styles.) 5 _‘_
BECAUSE they grind more with same , 
power, don't wear out or break_ down. 1 
Grind fine table meal and all kinds of, :;

grain. including ear corn for feed. A‘
boy can keep them in order. 
(Fire I‘i:'st I’reniiums at ll'nrIr7‘.< F’r,/ii-.)?
Flour and Buckwheat Mills '

——-0): THE:

Roller or Buhr Systems.
Estimates furnished on application. Special

rices for 1595. VVrite for “Book on ills. '
'0RDYKE & MARMON (‘O.. No. 400 Day St.,

Indianapolis, Ind.

  

SBIENBE CONFIRMS HORSE S

A majority of the first class Railroads of
the United States and Canada are using The
Page fence. Scientific tests and comparisons
led to this result. Strange to say the best
practical farmers of both countries, led on]

ex erience and good common sense ha

a rea y decided in its favor, and now ark
Commissoners and Cemetery Oflicials seem
bound to make the decision unanimous. We
have sold double the amount of park fence
this season than heretofore in the whole his-
tory ot the business.

PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE 00., Adrian, Mich.

/'/H//'1 ///.r, u/.\'_

Go-liege and Staten.

Composition and Use of Fertil-
izers.

‘, coxrisczn.
Bulletin Oregon ’Statiou.

OBJECT OI" Fl-II{TII.IZERS OR
DIANURES.

THE

A rich soil contaiiis: an abundant

scribcd and su iplics all the ncces-
s:ir_v plant food. A viijgin soil is
usiially rich, but as soon as the land
is under cultivation the plant be-
gins to draw from the soil and the

supply of the elements above dc--

inziterizils are not all rcturncd.
Sooiicr or later the land bccoiiiesf
infertile and it ls1I(:C(',>‘S:1I')’l()1‘(3-l
turn :1 purl of the iii<_ri'c<liciit:s ‘
which have bccn removcd b_v the
plants. l‘lX1)el'lL‘l1(‘0 lias shown
that there are but three iur__ri'cdicnts
which need close attention. viz:
plio.splioi'us, potash and nitro;_rcn.
Therefore it is only these, togzctlicr
with calcium, ox_v_zcn, lI_\'(l1'()§1('l1
and carbon which will be dis-
cussed at this time. The rcasoii
for iiicludiiig thc four siibstaiices
last mentioned is that three critical
in_r_rrcdiciits iiiay bc the better un-
derstood.

In worn soils or such as do not
give good returns (provided the
soils be in good physical condition)
it will usually be found that one or
all of the first three in,qi'c<licnts
mcntioncd are deficient, or if they
are present they are not in an avail-
able (soluble) form. In all cziscs
care should be taken to have the
soil in a iropcr pliysical condition.
Here in Oregon this matter is too
often neglected; laige quantities of
wheat and other crops being al-
lowed to drown in the water which
should be removed by undcr-drain-
age.

To prevent the (IOt0I‘l0i‘:Ill()11 of
soils is the aim of all modern agri-
culture. Soil exliaiistioii, liow-
cver. is rather a relative term than
an absolute one. and iisiially ap-
plies to ii ccrtiiin crop, since a
change of crops develops latent soil
rcsourccs. and upon this fact is
based the principle of rotation.
Any soil will maiiitziin its fcrtility
so long as the ziiiiiual dcplction is
i'c‘uii'ncd in an uvziiliible form either
l1:1lll1':lll)' or :l1'llllclzl.ll)', the dc,<_rrcc
of fertility l)eIl1;{' dependent upon
the iiiinimuiii qiiiiiititv of any cs-
sciiliiil plant food. "T/«r /i/r///f mu
//////.'r /11} NI/I/,\'/II//('1' nllf /ff) /I/If/I/./I.//‘V
///' //'/-f//II//f II .\'I{]fll('/‘I’/If .\‘I//J/;/‘q /{fl
/'I/I"‘// 1///(Z 1'/‘(j/"V ll/H /ff‘. 4///  r.\',w'//-
//'/I/4.//I//‘:3///lrw/.v of /.f.\- I‘/;/////um.//In/I.u
// I..\‘ f//« U/f].r7I'/ /ff) ///////I//‘(V/.\‘ r//(/Z.7‘:'/’-
7‘/-//‘fr/'.\' fr) ‘fl//‘///‘.\-/4 /I; (//1.I/ .w:/7 II
/I//‘yr/;-r .\‘l/!l!I/.I/ of ?‘/u 4;.v.\'r //fr'«I/ ‘fr;/;{[

EXPLANATION OF TERMS.

A fl=/‘ff?/so/', in general ternis, is
any substance which added to the
soil tends to produce a better
growth of plants.

An 2'n.ri7z'/-act _fZ>2-tilisvxr is one.
which, while it may not furnish to
the soil plant food, so acts upon
the matter already in the soil as to
change more or less of it from an
unavailable to an available form.
A substance is said to be avaz7a7;Ia
when in a soluble form, although
it is probable that no actual solu-
tion, in the common acceptance of
the term, 0ccurs.*

A do"/‘€706 fa’/'z‘z'Z2'ze7= is one which
is in such a condition that the roots
of the plants can take it up readily,
or the food material is aoczilable.

Artz'jz’c2'al fertil2'2ers are also
called c/zeirzical or comma;-cial fer-

z‘a7/2er.s, and are prepared mixtureslgardens, and of the acres unini-
sold under trade names, the material  proved, 2-19,74 M are wooill,-ma and
of which they are composed being f forest, and 9.5.741) are “other un-
largely the Waste products of many improved.” '
industries, and siibstances found in , 1‘ The area in fzirms in the southern
natural deposits. jcounties is 134.52 per cent: in the
(Jam /2/1,-2‘/2 fl«rf//«'2-,—2'.~' are such as central counties, 21.11:.’ per cent. in
contain all three of the critical in— the northern counties. 1l.l'~‘ pcr
gi'e<liciits, nitiozen. potasli. and cent. and in the upper peiiinsulzi.
phosphoric acid. 3.2~ per cent. of the total area in
.\'/m:¢'r// _f;,’/T/I//'.3'f'l‘-“ contain only fziriiis in the stiite. and the urea of
one two of the above nieiitioned in— improved liuid in f:iriiis in the
_<_ri‘ediciits. They are also called /22- I .’~‘()l1tll€I‘l1 <1-oiiiitics is 72.74: 1,..1- ,.L.nt_
«-mn/;/»_-fr; f 1-I//z'.3~7'.-. jin the central counties l‘.0.H.'» poi-
Vnutinuml next i.—~.-u»-. cent. in the northcrii coiiiitics 6.7+
pcr ccnt. and in the u ipcr penin-
slllfi 1.51 per cent, of llic total :ii'c:i
of improved hind iii fiirins in thc
state.

- ‘ (‘ii 2” " . 
Thc total hind area of the stzitcw,1]e'(),()mf1I(:1l} “fith %.“T “"7” 1" m

- .. ... .. - > ' -  "H5
is 3b.4I.l,.llb.-IN acres. 'Ihc total 1 ‘ "1" 1“ "1 “K” ‘ 9

land area of the soutlicrn four tiei-< hf '-’W"m” “"I'°’ in 111“ M9“ “f l’”'
of munti“ is 1, H5 “1 6” ‘u_1_e‘__ ‘ provcd hind. 1l1l(l:l(lL’Cl‘(‘:1.~‘e()flil"".-

of tlic<-eiitriil coiiiit'ics.——tiftli aiid?Wl am“ in the .‘”"'“ "f ”“l““
sixtli tier from the south line ()flpr“VC‘1,]um1‘ "mkm-3' ll mull. ‘l“‘
st:itc.—5.5l'$T.4-110.72 nci'cs: of tliel(“:e‘l"e .”f .112-‘””.1 “”'e‘‘' m the mm‘
northcrii coi1ntics.—iill in thc low-  ‘lulu "It th_” ”“:“T“’"' . _ .
cr peninsula north of the sixtli f - 1,1 tle w.nu.u.,c0m,1tw’\{hello15””
tici'.~—t9.ll:’;..3l-1.16; iicrcs. and (if;ln,C1m7e."t "“’*4“ “"”"“ 1” 11”
ll1(:llDI)lC1' peniiisulii. 141.6311}.-1711.152§meu.“t lm.l)—m".(:(l Iuml’. and 1‘ ‘l"'
acres. V - i('l'C‘.l>e of ;’...,-l'_);) :l(‘l'€s‘ in the :irc:i

, . . _
. . . . . of iimin )1'U\' - 1 I: n i ' '; ;
’I he number of acres in fariiis in 1 U I ll‘ 1” ‘km-2 1 1"“!

Farms and Farm Valuations.

Dliclilgaii ('eii~'u.~ Bulletin No. 

 

the state is 1.'i.L“.H5.UTS. or 4:: per
ccnt of the total hind area. In the
southern counties the arcs in farms
is NJ per cent, in the central .38 per
ccnt, in the northern 115 per cent,
and in the upper pcninsuhi 5 per
cent of the total land area.

The total number of farins rc-
ported is 17.‘:>‘,0.')l, and the total
area in farms 15.‘_".l6,UT.\7 acres, or
an average of 533.91 acres in each
farni. The zivciuge size of fziriiis
in 1.984 was U-1.37 acres. The area
of improved land in farms is 14>.-
37il,51:,'> acres. which is 67.80} per
cent of the total area in fai'ins and
an avei'a__qe of :3.‘~.3H acres in each
farm. The area uniniproved is -1.-
Sl16.5f33 acres an average of 27.61
acres in each farm.

()f the total area of improved
land ‘.,l.1-I‘.l,3TU :ici'cs, or 53.15 per
cent are tilled, this includin_r_r fal-
low and grass in rotation whcthcr
pasture or iiiciidow, and 1,'_'3U,1l.-3
acres are in periiiiiiiciit ineiidows
pcrin:inent pastures, orcliards, vine-
_vards, ii1ii'scries-.uid iiiai'kct gard-
ens.

Of the total iircu of uniiiiproved
land ‘_’.$l33‘.l.-")1? :1:-rcs :l1'C woodlzind
and forest, and 1,5177,”-lb‘ acres
“other uiiiiiip_ijo_\'cd."’

(Ioiupared with IHNI thcrc is an
incieasc of III-l,.\.’»2 acres in fariiis,
of 1.411155!’ iicrcs iii the zircu im-;
proved, and of l,1.31,52‘.l iicrcs iiil
thc urea tillcd, and :1 dcci'c2isc of'
!NSl,UHT in the area of uiiiinprovcd
hind in furiiis.

The arcs in fzirins iiici'c:i.<c<l in
the four _vc2irs from 1581! to 18%-l.
1,Hl4.$N'» iicrcs, or more than two
and one-third tiiiics the i11ci'(::tsc in
the ten _vczii's from 1854 to 15114.

Thc iiumbcr of fzirius rcportcd
in thc soutlicrn four tiers of coui1—
ties is 111, 110:1: total acres in f:iriii.<,
$1515-\'.l.\%l: iicrcs iinproved. 7.7»-1.3,
N103: and -.ici'cs uiiimprovcd. 13.322,-
3.\'3. Of the total acres iiiiprovcd
6.713. 2-Isl, or 85.1915 per cent are
tilled, and 82-‘.12,-12:3 arc in perma-
iicnt iiieadow.s, pC1'l1I{l11€l1l pastures. ,
orcliards. viiic_v:u'ds. niirscrics. undg
niarkct gardciis. Of the acrcs un- ‘
improvcd 1,2-lI‘»O,¢$‘.l>’ are in wood-
land and forest, and 1961.033 in
“other iiiiiinprovcd."

In the central counties the total
number of fariiis is -11,5945‘, and the
acres in furiiis. 3,215,-119: acres of
improved, 1,.‘lT7,541'$; acres unini-
piovc(l,1,237,b‘73. Of the acres
improved 1,752,671, or 88.62 per
cent, are tilled, and 221,572 are
pcrinanent iiieadows. permanent
pastures, orchards. vii1c_vards, nur-
series and market gaiwlens. Of
the acres unimproved 601,721 are
woodland and forest, and 636,152
‘ ‘other uniuiproved. "

In the northern counties the
number of farins is 20, 511: total area
in farms, 1, 710, 140; acres iniproved,
619,273; acres unimproved, 1,010,-
867. Of the acres improved, 5138,-
0911, or 81.21 per cent are tilled,
and 131,174 are permanent mead-
ows, pernianent pastures, orchards,
vineyards, nurseries and market
gardens. Of the acres unimproved
427,398 are woodland and forest,
and 283,469 are “other nnim
proved.’ ’

In the upper peninsula the num-
ber of farms is 4,369; total acres in
farms, 503,330; acres improved,
156,890; acres unimproved, 34-5,-
440. Of the acres improved 115,-
213 or 73.44 per cent are tilled,
and 41,677 are permanent mead-
ows, permanent pastures, orchards,
vineyards, nurseries and market

iiicrcasc of 3-lt‘»,1Ni2} :lt‘l'L‘>' 111 the
farm area of this sectioii.
In tho iiorthcrii countics there is

an increzisc of 2-113.1521! :ii-rcs in the?
area of iiiiprovcd hind, iind 21110-i
crease of of 1-1.\.tj.33 zicrcs in thci
zircii of unimproved land, ii12ikiii_<_,r3

a total increase of Sl7.:oTo; {lg-1'05 in
the farm area ot this section.
(_(‘ontiiiur_-«l to eighth page.)

1 sun _1r SCARLET.

By A. CONAN DOYLE.

PART TWO.
[The Country of the Saints.)

"1 went to a doctor last week about
it, and he told me that it was bound to
burst before many days passctl.
been getting worse for years. I got it
from overexposure and uii<lcrfcc<liiig
among the Salt Lake mouiitaiiis. I've

done my work now, and I doii’t care.

how soon I go, but I should like to
leave some account of the business be-
hind me. I don’t want to be remember-
ed as a common cutthroat.”

The inspector and the two dc-ts-ctives
had a hurried discussion as to the ad-
visability of allowing him to tell his
story.

“Do you consider, doctor, that there .

is iiiiiiicdintc dniigcr?’ ’ tho former asked.

“l\Io.~‘.t Cr.-i'tziinly them is," I aiis\vcr-
ed.

“In that case it is clmrly our duty,
in the lIltL‘!‘0:~‘tS of j11>'tlCl‘, to take his
statement, " said tho iiispi-ctor. “You
are at lihcrty, sir, to give your nccoiint,

which I again warn you will be taken ‘

7

down.‘
“I‘ll sit down, with your leavc, ” the

prisoner said, suiting the action to tho ‘

word.
me easily tired, and the tiisslc wc had
half an hour ago has not iiicndcd mat-
ters. I'm on the brink of the grave, and
Iam not likcly to lie to you.
word I say is the absolute truth, and
how you use it is a. mattcr of no conso-
quencc to me. ”

With these words, Jelfcrson Hope
leaned back in his chair and began the
following rciniirkablc statenient. He
spoke in a calm and IDt't»lI0(llCIll. man-
ner, as though the events which he nar-
rated wcro conimonplaco enough. I can
vouch for the accuracy of the subjoiued
account, for I have had access to Les-

tradc’s notebook, in which the prisoner's 2

words were taken down exactly as they
were uttered.

“It don’t much matter to you why I
hated these men, ” he said. “It’s enough

that they were guilty of the death of‘

two human beings—a father and a
daughter—and that they had thcrefore
forfeited their own lives. After the lapse
of time that has passed since their crime,
it was impossible for me to secure a con-
viction against thsm in any court. I
knew of their guilt, though, and I de-
termined that I should be judge, jury
and executioner all rolled into one.
You’d have done the same, if you have
any manhood in you, if you had been
in my place.

“That girl that I spoke of was to have
married me 20 years ago. She was forced
into marrying that same Drebber and
broke her heart over it. I took the mar-
riage riug from her dead finger, and I
vowed that his dying eyes should rest
upon that very ring, and that his last
thoughts should be of the crime for
which he was punished. I have carried
it about with me and have followed
him and his accomplice over two conti-
nents until I caught them. They thought
to tire me out. but they could not do it.
If I die tomorrow, as is likely enough,
I die knowing that my work in this
world is done, and well done. They
have perished, and all by my hand.
There is nothing left for me to hope for
or to desire.

“They were rich and I was poor, so
that it was no easy matter for me to
follow them. When I got to London

It has :

“This aiicurisin of mine Iiiakcs ;

Evcry =

l

3 my pocket was about empty, and I found

. that I must turn my hand to something
for my living. Driving and riding are

, as natural to me as walking, so I ap-
plied at a crib owner‘s ofiice and soon
got employment. I was to bring a cer-
tain sum :1 wcek to the owner, and what-
ever was over that I might keep for my-
self. There was st-ldoiii much over, but I
maniigcrl to scrape along soiiicliow. The
hardest job was to lcarn my way about,
for I reckon that of all the innzcs that
ever wcrc coiitrivcd this city is the
most coiifusiiig. I haul a map beside me,
though, and when once I spom-d the
principal liotcls and stations I got on
pretty well.

“It was soiiic time bi-fore I found out
where my two g'i,'l1Ilt‘Illt’Il \\'t,’1'I‘ living,
but I l1iIl11l1‘I'Il:lllIl i'ii«1uii'«~d until at last
I dropp:-d zii‘i'-iss thcin. Th:-_v were at a
lJO:lI‘4llIl}.{ l1ou.~'i- at L‘ziiiil,i«-r\\'cll, over
011 the uflirl‘ siilv of tho rivvr. Vvlicxi
once I found [llvlll out. I kiicw that I
had thcni at my Ill('I‘(‘_\‘. I had grown
my lu-rird, and Ill1'l'U was no cliniico of
their rccogiiiziiiiz 1111'. I\voulddo,i_; them
and follow thi-in until I saw my oppor-

j tuuity. I was lll‘l¢‘I‘llllllt'(l that tllcv
I should not escape inc 2u.::iiii. I

“Tlivy were \'t‘1‘_\' imir doing it, for all
that. Go where thvy would about Lon-
don, Iwns alwiiys at Illl'lI‘ lii-cls. Some-
time-s I fl)lll)\V1'1l the-iii on iiiy (‘ab and
sonictiiiics on foot, but tho fnrlllf-1‘ was
the bcst, for l'.l1¢'ll thi-_v could not get
away from me. It was only cairly in the
 nioriiiiig or late at night that I could
 earn ziuytliiiig, so that I lwgziii to in-t be-
hindliaiid with my (‘II)plU_VL‘1'. I did not
mind that, llOVV1'\'(‘I', as long as I could
lay my hand upon the men I wanted.

“They were vcr_v ciiniiiiig, though.
They must have thought that there was
some chance of their living folloWc(l, for
they would I1u\'cI' go out alone zmd nev-
; er after Illglltfilll. During two weeks I
drove behind them every day and never
once saw thcni scparate. Drcbbcr him-
self was drunk half tho time, but Stan-
gcrson was not to be caught napping. I
watched them Into and curly, but never
saw the ghost of a (‘liflIlCw‘, but I was
not discouraged, for soiiiotliing told me
that the hour had almost conic. My
only fear was that this thing in my
cliest might burst is little too soon and
leave my work uudouc.

“At last one evi,-ning I was driving up
and down Torquziy T-.-rraoc. as tho Street
1 was called in which tln-_v hoard:-cl, when

x I saw ac-ah drive up to their door. Pres-
ently sonie liiggiigc was brought out,
and after ii time Drchb:-r and .5‘tiiiigi-rsoii
, followed it and drovc off. I whipped up

‘ my horse and kcpt within sight of them,
feeling ill at cuss», for I f(‘1II‘('(l that they
wcrc going to shift Illt‘lI‘ qiiartcizs. At
Eustoii stzitioii tlicy got out, and I lcft
a boy to hold my llIll'S0 and followed
them on to tho Ill1l.IflII'Ill. I heard thcui
ask for the Livvrpool train, and the
giir-rd ?HlS\\‘0I‘(‘(l that one had just gone, I
-and that tlio,-rc would not hc 2IllUl'l]f'I‘ for

3 some hours. $t:iii;_:ci'.~'oii .\'t‘('liH}(l to be put
‘out at thzit, but llr--lulu-r was I"illllt-I‘
pl('.‘l.s‘L'(l than OIlll‘I'\\'I>'L‘. 1 got socloso to
thcin in the liu~:tl-- that I could llI'l1!' cv-
rry word that pzissiexl lM-I\\‘<'(‘ll Illt,-Ill.
S Drcbbcr said that 114- hzid zi littlw busi-

u<-ss of his own to do. and that if tho
lntllci‘ would wait for him h-~ \\'ul.ll(l soon

.ri-joiii him. IIl.s‘(‘OlIllJdllI4lllI'i'Ill')ll>I1':lIl,'ll
{with him and I‘1'llllll(ll‘ll him that tlicy
jhnd rt-sol\'c«l tn .<,ti<,-l{ to,<,'<*fli*-I‘. I)1'<-lilwi.‘
laiiswr-ri-d that the lIl:l1l.4.‘1‘\\‘8.s‘ a d»-liczitn
out-, and that ll!‘ iiiusr ;:i>z1lnllL'. I could
not catcli what {\'I:iiij_u~i'.-wiii sziid to that,
9 but the other l|lI1'.~I out s\vc;iriii;.'ziiid1'o-
miiidwl him that ho was notliiiig more
i than his piiid serviiiit, and that he must
E not prcsiiiiio to dictate to him. On that
’ tic score-tary gave it up as a bad job
, and simply bargaiiierl with him that if
1 he missed the lust triiiii he FlluI]l(lI‘k*j(JllI
 him at H:illid2i_v’s Pi'i\'zitc hotcl, to
, wliich Drebbcr 8llS\\‘(‘1‘l‘(l that he would
lbs back on tlic platform lie‘-fore 11 and
 made his way out of the stzitioii.

1 “The moment for which I had waited
1 so long had at last COIIII‘. I had my cuc-
l mics within my pow:-r. Togvtlivr they
could pron-ct each othcr, but singly they
were at my nicrcy. I did not act, how-
evcr, with uiiduo prccipitatioii. My
plans were alrcady formed. There is no
, satisfaction in veiigcaiice uiilcss the of-
fciidcr has time to realize who itis that
strikes him, and why retribution has
come upon him. I had my plans arranged
by which I should have the opportunity
of making the man who had wronged
me understand that his old sin had
found him out. It chanced that some
days before a gentleman who had been
engaged in looking over some houses in
the Brixton road had dropped the key of
one of them in my carriage. It was
claimed that same evening and return-
ed, but in the interval I had taken A
molding of it and had a duplicate con-
structed. By means of this I had access
to at least one spot in this great city
where I could rely upon being free from
interruption. How to get Drebber to
that house was the difficult problem
which I had now to solve.

“He walked down the road and went
into one or two liquor shops, staying
for nearly half an hour in the last of
them. When he came out, he staggered
in his walk and was evidently pretty
well on. There was a hansom just in
front of me, and he hailed it. I follow-
ed it so close that the_nose of my horse
was within a yard of his driver the
whole way. We rattled across Waterloo
bridge and through miles of streets. un-
til, to my astonishment, we found our-
selves back in the terrace in which he
had boarded. I could not imagine what
his intention was in returning there, but



 

 

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AUGUST 1, 1895.

THE

GRANGE VISITOR.

«I

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I went on and pulled up my cab a bun-
dred yards or so from the house. He
entered it, and his liansom drove away.
Give me a glass of water, if you please.
My mouth gets dry with the talking.”

I handed him the glass, and he drank
it down.

“That’s better," he said. “Well, I
waited for a quarter of an hour or more,
when suddenly there came a noise like
people struggling inside the house. Next
moment the door was flung open, and
two men appeared, one of whom was
Drebber, and the other was a young chap
whom I had never seen before. This fel-
low had Drebber by the collar, and when
they came to the head of the steps he
gave him a shove and a kick which sent
him half across the road. ‘You hound!’
he cried, shaking his stick at him. ‘I'll
teach you to insult an honest girl!‘ He
was so hot that I think he would have
thrashed Drebber with his cudgel, only
that the cur staggered away down the
road as fast as his legs would carry him.
He ran as far as the corner, and then,
seeing my cab, he hailed me and jumped
in. ‘Drive me to Halliday's Private ho-
tel,’ said he.

“Wheii I had him fairly inside my
cab, my heart jumped so with joy that
I feared lest at this last moment my
aneurism might go wrong. I drove along
slowly, weighing in my own mind what
it was best to do. I might take him
right out into the country, and there in
some deserted lane have my last inter-
view with him. I had almost decided
upon this when he solved the problem
for me. The craze for drink had seized
him again, and he ordered me to pull up
outside a gin palace. He went in, leav-
ing word that I should wait for him.
There he remained until closing time,
and when he came out he was so far
gone that I knew the game was in my
own hands.

“Don't imagine that I intended to j
‘ us see if there is justice upon the earth

kill him in cold blood. It would only
have been rigid justice if I had done so,
but I could not bring myself to do it. I
had long dctcrniined that he should
have a show for his life if he chose to
take advantage of it. Among the many
billets which I have filled in America
during my wandering life, I was once a

. janitor and sweeper out of the laboratory

at York college. One day the professor
was lecturing on poisons. and he show-
ed his students somc alkaloid, as he
called it. which he had L-xtractetl from

7 to die.

 was in his systcni?

some South American arrow poison, and 
which was so powerful that the least i
; ment, for the action of the alkaloid is

grain mt-ant instant death. "I spotted

the bottle in which this preparation was .

kept, and when they were all gone I‘

helped myself to a little of it. I was a

fairly good dispenser, so I worked this ,
alkaloid into small, soluble pills, and g

each pill I put in a box with a similar
pill made without poison. Ideterinined

at the time that when I had my chalice 
my iiosc, but Ihad taken no notice of it.

my gentlemen should each have a draw

out of one of these boxes, while I ate ‘

the pill that remained,

quite as deadly and a good deal less
noisy than firing across a handkerchief.
From that day I had always my pill
boxes about with me, and the time had
now come when I was to use them.

“It was nearer 1 than 12, and a wild,

It would be ‘

, was no inovcnient.

horror spring up in them and coiivulse
his whole features, which showed me
that he knew me. He staggered back
with a livid face, and I saw the perspi-
ration brcak out upon his brow, while
his teeth chattcred. At the sightl lean-
ed my back against the door and laugh-
ed loud and long. I had always known
that vengeance would be sweet, but had
never hoped for the contentment of
soul which now possessed me.

“ ‘You dog!’ I said. "1 have hunted

1 him, and I 33"? him the same Choice 01 i to tnem, will tell you what the result ‘

you from Salt Lake City to St. Peters 3

burg, and you have always escaped me.
Now at last your wanderings have come
to an end, for either you or I shall nev-
er sec tomorrow's sun rise. ’

see on his face that he thought I was

the P015’-“Jed PINS I“5t93_d of gm-5l3i118 , would be. They can put those events to-
at the (‘halite Of SHIBYY which that? 0501- ! gethcr in their minds and argue from

8d him. he -‘FY3115’ fmm his bed and flt‘W I them that something will come to pass.

In self defense I stabbed ‘
It would have been

at my throat.
him to the heart.

The 531110 ill 3115’ C350. f0!‘ PI‘0\’iflf‘IlCC ,' to evolve from their own inner con-

would never have allowed his guilty '
hand to pick out anything but the poi- 2
son.

“I have little more to say, and it’s as
well, for I am about done up. I went -

_ what I mean when I talk of reasoning

on cabbing it for a day or so, intending 
3 to keep at it until I could save enough

to take me back to America. I was

‘standing in the yard when a ragged
youngster asked if there was a cabby‘

He shrank -
still farther away as I spoke, and I could ‘

mad. So Iwas for the time. The pulses  _ _
2 suspecting no harm, and the next thing

in my temples beat like sledge hammers,

some sort if the blood had not gushed ;

from my nose and relieved me.

“ ‘What do you think of Lucy Fer-
rier now?’ I cried, locking the door and
shaking the key in his face. ‘Punish-
ment has been slow in coming, but it
has overtaken you at last.‘ I saw his

coward lips tremble as I spoke. He. _
‘ ive, that we had sat silent and absorb-

would have begged for his life, but he
knew well that it was useless.

“ ‘Would you murder me?’ he stam-
mered.

“ ‘There is no murder,’ I answered.
‘Who talks of murdering arnad dog?
What mercy had you upon my poor dar-
ling when you dragged her from her
slaughtered father and bore her away to
you accursed and shameless harem?‘

“ ‘It was not I who killed her fa-
ther!’ he cried.

“ ‘But it was you who broke her in-
noccnt heart!’ I shricked, thrusting the
box before him. ‘Let the high God
judge between us. (‘hoose and cat.
There is death in one and life in the
other. I shall take what you leave. Let

or if we are ruled by cliance.‘

“Ho oowered away with wild cries
and prayers for mercy, but I drew my
knife and held it to his throat until he
had obeyed inc. Then I swallowed the
other, and we stood facing one another
in silence for a minute or more, waiting
to see which was to live and which was
Shall I ever forget the look
which came over his face when the first
warning pangs told him that the poison
I laughed as I saw
it and held Lucy’s inarriage ring in
front of his eyes. It was but for a nio-

rapid. A spasm of pain contorted his
features. He threw his hands out in
front of him, staggcrwl, and then, with
a hoarse cry, It'll. lieavily upon the floor.
I turned him over with my foot and
placed my hand upon his heart. There
Ho was dead!

“The blood had been streaming from

I don’t know what it was that put it in-
to my head to write upon the wall with
it. Perhaps it was some mischievous
idea of setting the police upon a wrong
track. for I felt light hearted and cheer-
ful. I I‘€l'llellllJt’I'L’(I a German being

‘ found in New York with ‘Rat-he‘ written

bleak night, blowing hard and raining :

in torrents. Dismal as it was outside, I
was glad withi1i—so glad that I could
have shouted out from pure exultation.

If any of you geiitleniu,-ii have ever pined ‘ , .
‘It on a convenient place on the wall.

for a thing and longed for it during 20
long years and their suddenly found it
within your reach, you would under-
stand my ft-clings. I lit a cigar and
puffed at it to steady my nerves, but my
hands were trembling and my teniples
throbbing with excitement. As I drove,

up above him, and it was argued at the
time in the iiewspapers that the secret
societies must have done it. I guessed
that what puzzled the New Yorkers
would puzzle the Londoners, so I dipped
my finger in my own blood and printed

Then Iwalkul down to my cab and

- found that there was nobody about, and

I could see old John Ferrier and sweet j
Lucy looking at me out of the darkness 1
and smiling at me just as plain as I see =

the horse, until I pulled up at the house  up to the house, for I was ready to dam

in the Brixton road.

l
“There was not a soul to be seen, nor :

a sound to be heard, except the dripping
of the rain. When I looked in at the
window, I found Drebber all huddled
together in‘ a drunken sleep. I shook
him by the arm, ‘It’s time to go out, ’ I
said.

“ ‘All right, cabby, ’ said he.

“I suppose he thought we had come to
the hotel that he had mentioned, for he
got out Without another word and fol-
lowed me down the garden. I had to
walk beside him to keep him steady, for
he was still a little top heavy. When
we came to the door, I opened it and led
him into the front room. I give you my
word that, all the way, the father and
daughter were walking in front of us.

‘ ‘ ‘It’s infernally dark, ’ said he stamp-
ing about.

“ ‘We’ll soon have a light,’ I said,
striking a. match and putting it to a
wax candle which I had brought with
me. ‘Now, Enoch Drebber, ’ I continued,
turning to him and holding the light to
my own face, ‘who am 1?’

“He gazed at me with bleared, drunk-
en eyes for a moment, and then I saw a

that thenight was stillvcry wild. I had ,
‘driven some distance when I put my‘

hand into the pocket. in which I usually
kept Lucy’s ring and found that it was
not there. I was tliuiiderstruck at this,
for it was the only memento that I had
of her. Thinking that I might have

you an in this 1.00m_ An the way they 3 dropped it when I stooped over Dreb-

_ i 9 v _ .'
were ahead of me, one on each side of V her 5 body’ I drme back’ and 1”“ mg

my cab in a side street I went boldly

anything rather than lose the ring.
When I arrived there, I walked right
into the arms of a police officer who was
coming out and only managed to dis-
arm his suspicions by pretending to be
hopelessly drunk.

“That was now Enoch Drebber came
to his end. All I had to do then was to
do as much for Stangerson, and so pay
of! John Ferrier’s debt. I knew that
he was staying at Halliday’s Private
hotel, and I hung about all day, but he
never came out. I fancy that he suspect-
ed something when Drebber failed to put
in an appearance. He was cunning, was
Stangerson, and always on his guard. If
he thought he could keep me ofi by stay-
ing indoors, he was very much mis-
taken. I soon found out which was the
window of his bedroom, and early next
morning I took advantage of some lad-
ders which were lying in the lane be-
hind the hotel, and so mzide my way in-
to his room in the gray of the dawn.

“I woke him up and told him that
the hour had come when he was to an-
swer for the life he had taken so long
before. I described Drebber’s death to

there called Jefferson Hope and said
that his cab was wanted by a gentle-
man at 22lb Baker street. I wont round,

and I believe I would have had a fit of  I knew this young man here had the

shackled as ever I was in my life. That’s

may consider me to be a murderer, but ‘

I hold that I am just as much an officer
of justice as you are. ”

So thrilling had the man's narrative
been, and his manner was so impress-

ed. Even the professional detectives,
blase as they were in every detail of
crime, appeared to be keenly interested
in the man’s story. When he finished,
wc sat for some minutes in a stillness
which was only broken by the scratch-
ing of Lestrade’s pencil as he gave the

count.

“There is only one point on which I
should like a little more information, ”
Sherlock Holmes said at last. “Who
was your accomplice who came for the
ring which I advertised?"

The prisoner winked at my friend jo-
cosely. “I can tell my own secrets," he
said, “but I don't get other people in-
to trouble.

i dinary London growlcr is considerably

and I thought it might be a plant, or it -

might be the ring I wanted. My friend
volunteered to go and see. I think
you'll own he did it smartly. "

“Not a doubt of that," said Holmes f

heartily.

“Now, gentlemen, ” the inspector re-
marked gravely, “the forms of the law
must be complied with. " On Thursday
the prisoner will be brought before the
magistrates, and your attendance will be
required. Until then Iwill be responsi-
ble fur him.”
spoke, and J effcrson Hope was led off
by a couple of warders, while my friend
and I made our way out of the station
and took a cab back to Baker street.

CHAPTER VII.
We had all been warned to appear be-
fore the magistrates upon the Thursday,
but when the Thursday came there was

no occasion for our testimony. A higher F

Judge had taken the matter in hand, and
Jefferson Hope had been summoned be-
fore a tribunal where strict justice would

be meted out to him. On the very night .

after his capture the anonrisrn burst, and
he was found in the morning stretched
upon the floor of the cell, with a placid
smilo upon his face, as though he had
been able in his dying moments to look
back upon a useful life and on work
well done.

“Gregson and Lestrade will be wild

we chatted it over next 0VI,'I1lllg. “Where
will i’l]('l1‘ grand advertisement be now?"

“I don‘t see that they had very much
to do with his capture,” I answered.

“What you do in this world is a mat-
ter of no consequence. " returned my
companion bitterly. “The question is,
What can you make people believe you
have done? Never mind,” he continued
more brightly after a pause, “I would
not have missed the investigation for
anything. There has been no better case
within my recollection. Simple as it
was, there were several most instructive
points about it.”

“Simple-.l" I ejaculated.

“Well, really, it can hardly be de-
scribed as otherwise, ” said Sherlock
Holmes, smiling at my surprise. “The
proof of its intrinsic simplicity is that
without any help, save a very few or-
dinary deductions, I was able to lay
my hand upon the criminal within three
days.”

“That is true,” said I.

‘ ‘I have already explained to you that
what is out of the common is usually a
guide rather than a hindrance. In solv-
ing a problem of this sort the grand
thing is to be able to reason backward.
That is a very useful accomplishment
and a very easy one, but people do not
practice it much. In the everyday af-
fairs of life it is more useful to reason
forward, and so the other comes to be
neglected. There are 50 who can reason
synthetically for one who can reason
analytically.”

“I confess,” said I, "that Ido not
quite follow you. ”

“I hardly expected that you would.
Let me see if I can make it clear. Most
people, if you describe a train of events

He rang the bell as he i

i
1
i
l
4
l

_ ;way, and there, as I have already ex-
bracclets on my wrists and as neatly ,.

:of a cab, which, I ascertained by in-
the whole of my story, gentlemen. You '

_ iuonitss f.eh.l ..i .Thoe
finishing touches to his shorthand ac- ‘= P W ‘C W 3 mm“ mg I

- passerl through the garden. It was easy

i to tell that they had been before the oth-

I 53W )"‘5’u1' advertlwlnelltv  crs, because in places their marks had

_ ” ,_ Monty:-llicr will occur at once to any
about his death, Holmes remarked as 2

 

There are few people, IIUWOVIT, who, if
you told them a result, would be able

scionsness what the steps were which
led up to that result. This power is

backward, or analytically.” ‘

“I understa_nd,” said I.

“Now, this was a case in which you
were given the result and had to find
everything else for yourself. Now, let ,
me endeavor to show you the different 1
steps in my reasoiiiiig. To begin at the
beginning, I approached the house, as :
you know, on foot and with my mind
entirely free from all impressions. I
naturally began by examining the road-

plained to you, I saw clearly the marks

quiry, must have been there during the
night. I satisfied myself that it was a
cab and not a private carriage by the
narrow gauge of the wheels. The or-

less wido than a gentleman's brougham.

“This was the first point gained. I
then walked slowly down the garden
path, which happened to be composed of
a clay soil, peculiarly suitable for tak-
ing iniprcssions. No doubt it appeared
to you to be a mere trampled line of
slush, but to my trained eye every mark

is no branch of detective science which
is so important and so much neglected
as the art of tracing footsteps. Happily
I have always laid great stress upon it,
and much practice has made it second
nature to me. I saw the heavy foot-
marks of the constables, but I saw also
the tracks of the two men who had first

been entirely obliterated by the others
coming upon the t-op of them. In this
way my second link was formed, which
told me that the nocturnal visitors were
two in nuinlicr, one remarkable for his
height, as I calculated from the length
of his stride, and the other fashionably
dressed, to judge from the small and
elegant impression left by his boots.
“On entering the house this last in-
fercnco was coiiflrnicd. l\Iy wcll booted
man lay before me. The tall one, then,
had done the murder, if murder tliorc
was, Th:-rc was no wound upon the
dead man's person, but the agitated ex-
pression upon his face assured me that
he had f(l1‘(-.\‘(_'l_'ll. his fate before it came
upon him. .'\l-in who (Il¢‘:fX‘(JIXl heart dis-
ease or any suddcii natural cause never
by any cliaiicu cxliibit agitation upon
their f«-zitun-s. Having sniffed the dead
mains lips, I detected a slightly sour
smell, and I cainc to the conclusion that
ho had had poison forced upon him.
Agaiii, I argued that it had been forced
upon him from the hatred and fear ex-
pressed upon his face. By the nictliod of
exclusion I had arrivvd at this result,
for no other hypotlicsis would meet the
fact.-:. Do not imagine that it was a very
unheard of idea. The forcible adminis-
tration of poison is by no moans a new
thing in criininal aiiiials. The cases of
Dol.~l-:3: in (id:-ssa and of L(‘iHl'l(‘T in

toxicologist.

“And now come the great quostioil as
to tho reasoii why. Robbery had not
been the object of the murder, for notli- 1
ing was taken. VVas it politics, then, or i
was it a woman? That was the question l
which confronted me. I was inclined 
from the first to the latter supposition.
Political asszissins are only too glad to
do their work and to fly. This murder
had, on the contrary, been done most
deliberately, and the perpetrator had left
his tracks all over the room, showing
that ho had been there all the time. It
must have been a private wrong and
not a political one which called for
such a methodical revenge. When the
inscription was discovered upon the
wall, I was more inclined than over to
my opinion. The thing was too evident-
ly a blind. When the ring was found,
however, it settled the question. Clear-
ly the murderer had used it to remind
his victim of some dead or absent wom-
an. It was at this point that I asked
Gregson whether he had inquired in
his telegram to Cleveland as to any par-
ticular point in Mr. Drebber’s former
career. He answered, you remember, in
the negative.

"1 then proceeded to make a careful
examination of the room, which con-
firmed me in my opinion as to the mur-
derer‘s height and furnished me with
the additional detail as to the Trichi-
nopoly cigar and the length of his nails.
I had already come to the conclusion,
since there were no signs of a struggle,
that the blood which covered the floor
had burst from the murderer’s nose in
his excitement. I could perceive that
the track of blood coincided with the
track of his feet. It is seldom that any
man. unless he is verv full blooded.

breaks out in this way through emotion,
so I hazarded the opinion that the crim-
inal was probably a robust and ruddy
faced nian. Events proved that I had
judged correctly.

"Having left the house, I proceeded
to do what Hrcgsoii had neglected. I
tel:-graplicd to the head of the police at
(‘it-vcland, limiting my inquiry to the
circuiiistaiim-s COllllP(‘l't-‘ll with the mar-
riage of Enoch l')ri-bbcr. The answer
was coiiclusive. It told nietliat. Drebber
had already Ilppllrfl for the protection of

‘the law agxiiiist an old rival in love,

named J(*.fft‘l‘S0ll Hope, and that this
same Hope was at present in Europe. I
know now that I held the ch-w to the
mystery in my hand and all that re-

‘ mained was to seciiri- the murderer.

“I had already lll'f\'l‘llllllt'fl in my own

 mind that the man who had walked in-

to the house with Dre-bbcr was none oth-
er than the man who had driven the
cab. The marks in the road showed me
that the horse had wanrlcred on in a
way which would have been impossi-
ble had thcre been any one in charge of
it. \Vhore, then, could the driver be
unless howcre inside the house? Again,
it is absurd to siippnsv that any sane
man would carry out a deliberatu crime
under the very eyes, as it were, of a
third person who was sure to IJ('l'I‘3_V‘ him.
Lastly, supposing one man wished to
dog another through London, what bet-
ter means could he adopt than to turn
cab driver? All those considcratioiis led
me to the irresistible conclusion that
Jefferson Hopc was to be found among
the jarvcys of the iiwtropolis.

“If he had been one, there was no
reason to believe. that ho had ceased to
be. On the contrary, from his point of
view, any sudden change would be lika-
ly to draw attention to liiniself. He
would probably, for a time, at least, con-
tinue to perform his duties. There was
no reason to suppose that ho was going
under an assuincd name. Why should
he cliangc his name in a country where
no one knew his original one? I there-
fore organized my street arah (l('t(3(‘.tl\’B
corps and sent them systeiiiatically to
every cal) proprivtor in Lmidon until
they 1' I'l'k'I('(I out the maxi that I want-
ed. II'1Vv' well they succeeded and how
quickly I took advantage of it are still
fre-sli in your recollection. The murder
of SC:lllf.'4'l'>'<)ll was an iiicident wliicli
was entirely unexpected, but which
could hardly in any case have llt'.(‘ll pre-
vented. Through it, as you know, I
came into possession of the pills, the
existence of \\'Il'iCil I had already sur-
mised. You see, the whole is a chain of
logical sequences without a break or
flaw. "

“It is wonderful!” I cried. “Your
merits should be publicly rt-cogiiizcd.
You should publish an account of the
case. If you won’t. I will for you.”

"Youniay do what you like, doctor,”
he answered. “seolit.-re!” he-continux-.d,
handing a paper over to me. “Look at
this!"

It was The Echo for the day, and
the paragraph to \\'lil(‘ll ho pointed was
devoted to tho case in questioii.

“The public,” it .'.;iid, “liuvc lost a
seiisatioiial treat through tho sudden
death of the man Hope, who was sus-
pcctcd of the murder of .\[r. lflnor-li I)rcb-
her and of Mr. Jo.-wph Staiig»-i'.~oii. The
details of the case will probably ll(‘V('I‘ be
known now, though wo aro informed
upon good authority that tho crime was
the result of an old standing and ro-
1naiiticf<-.udi1i which love and .\lorinon-
ism bore a part. It S(‘('lllS that both the
victims belonged in tlivil‘ younger days
to tho Latter Day Saiiits, and Hope, the
deceased pri.-‘oiier, hails also from Salt
Lake City. If the case has had no other
effect, it at least brings out in the most
striking inaiiiicr the efficiency of our de-
tcctive police fo1‘<‘.e and will serve as a
lesson to all foreigiicrs that they will do
wisely to Svtlilu their feuds at home and
not to carry them on to British soil. It
is an open secret that the credit of this
smart capture belongs entirely to the
well known Scotland Yard officials,
Messrs. Lestrado and Gregson. The man
was apprehended, it appears, in the
rooms of a certain Mr. Sherlock Holmes.
who has himself, as an amateur, shown
some talent in the detective line, and
who, with such instructors, may hope
in time to attain to some degree of their
skill. It is expected that a testimonial
of some sort will be presented to the two
officers as a fitting recognition of their
services. ”

“Didn't I tell you so when we start
ed?" cried Sherlock Holmes, with a
laugh. “That's the result of all our
Study In Scarlet—to get them a testi-
menial!"

“Never mind, ” I answered. “I have
all the factsin myjournal, and the pub-
lic shall know them. In the meantime
you must make yourself contented by
the consciousness of success, like the
Roman miser-

“Populus me sibilat, at mihi plaudo
Ipse domi simul ac numrnos oontemplar in
area. "

THEEND. . .

 

it
5;
.

 ‘ r.".=: *5.-3«—_» -_-su-;;san;ou-cm-q- _s

  


  

Farms and Farm Valuations.
(Continued from page 6.)

In the upper peninsula there is
an increase of 68,132 acres in the
area of improved land, and of -13,-
772 acres in the area of iiniiii-
proved land, making a total in-
crease of 111,90-1 acres in the farni
area of this section.

\\'liile ‘there is an increase in the §

acreage of improved land in each
of the four sections of the state.
there is an increase in the tl(‘l'(,‘:1f_f(:
of uniniproved land onlyin the up-
per peninsula. In the northern
counties, \vliere only 10 per cent of
the land is included in farnis, there
isa decrease of 118.053 acres in
the area of unimproved land in
fariiis.
iiirciirzs.

The number of rods of open
ditches on farins is returned at 7,-
912.8.37 and of tile ditclics 8.‘J37.-
1231. The number of rods in each
section is reported as follows:
Southern counties, open, 5,57$*1.12i2vl.
tile, 7,$!02,7.30: central counties.
open, 2,117,002, tile, 1,011,381}:
northern counties, open, 170.2131,
tile. 2i5,7.\o, and upper peninsula,
open, 51,701. tile, 7.512. Coni-
pared with 1881 there is an increase
of each kind of ditch in the several
sections as follows: Southern
counties, open, 52lS,‘.l.32l, tile, 1,-
158,173; central counties, open,
‘.i11.‘J5?., tile, 593,:-’.22: northern
counties, open, 100.fI.\'0. tile, 28,-
8511, and upper peninsula, open,
38,018, tile, ti,—_l.38. The 2iggi‘e_<_{:lte
increase in the state is 1,l‘>10.‘.i13
rods of open, and 1,787,109 rods of
lllffi (lllcll.

FA RBI \'.v‘1l.['l-I.\‘.

The value of fariiis. includin}__r
land. fences and liuildiii;_rs in the
state is shown to he -.\'.’.2.s,24<.a,.-Bot’,
as compared with $57l_.112i,1I32 in
1.881, a decrease of $123, ‘.i3,1i.'m.
The value in the southern counties
is .i<,tm;,.s;:7,.';.'».'»; in the central
counties of $85,412:-l,!iE3<i; in the
northern counties, $30,lt'>5,b'7l, and
in the upper peninsula, $b‘,2:~3.3, 117.
Conipared with 1881 there is a gain
in the central counties of $10,217,-
873, in the northern counties of $0.-
070.l83. and in the upper pei1iiisu-
la of $2,178,032, but there is a loss
in the southern counties of $111,-
tj9o,017, niaking the total loss in
the state :‘313,1‘.lI’»,9.'»9.

T he average value of farms per
acre in the state in 1881 was $38.-
18 and in 1891. $:’»1..'>1; the aver-
age value in the southern counties
in 1881 was $10.91, and in 1801,
$11.23;. The avera}_re decrease per
acre in the state is "'—..0-1, or 10.21
per cent, and in the southern coun-
ties, -$3.71. or 12.10 per cent.

Farni inipleincnts in the state are
valued at 821.131.0316, :1 decrease
compared with 1881, of $702,870.

The value of iinpleinents in the
southern counties is -$1-l.:37.';.201,
or —$2.‘.N53..')l57 less than in 1,881. In
the central and northern counties
and the upper peninsula, iiiiple-
ments are valued at $2,200,607
more than in 1881.

Live stock in the state is valued
at $53,15l),]13 as compared with
$70,626,218 in 1881, a decrease of
$17,170,135. The value in the
central and northern counties and
upper peninsula is $2,185,238 more
than in 1881, but in the southern
counties there is a loss of $19,961,-
373.

The aggfregate decrease in value
of farnis. farm iinpleinents and
live stock in 1891 compared with
1881 is, for the state, $01,132,901,
and for the southern counties, 381,-
611,987.

COST OF FERTILIZERS.

  

The cost of fertilizers in the cen-
sus year was for the state, -8219,-
074. There was less paid than in
1881 in each section of the state ex-
cept the upper peninsula. The ag-
gregate decrease was $16,599.

VVAGES.

The amount paid for wages for
outdoor farm labor durinoj the cal-
endar year 1893 Was, in the state,
$10,7 35,357 , and for indoor labor,
$1,180,011. The amount paid for
outdoor labor was $1,187,698 less,
and for indoor labor $429,696 less,
than in 1883. In the southern
counties the amount paid for out-
door labor was $7,825,891, a de-
crease of $1,286,507, and for in-
door labor, $881,571, a decrease of
$138,728 compared with 1883. In
the central and northern counties
the payments for both outdoor and
indoor labor were somewhat higher
in 1893 than in 1883.

   

VALUE or I-‘ARM PRODUCTIONS, 1893.

The estimated value of all farm
productions of the state in _1893. is
-$81,271 9,818, an increase of 82.781,-
175 compared to the value of pro-
ductions in 1883 as reported in the
census of 1881. The increase is
wholly in the central and northern

productions in the central counties
are valued at $l1.2:m.loT. an in-
crease of 3.3,26'»1.7W: in the north-
ern counties at {V3.7-‘i.'».l'.:i2. an in-
crease of $13,112‘ 1,010, and in the
upper peninsula at $1..34'»2,1lIi. an
increase of 8713.012. In the south-
crii counties the value is stated at
»I\'.3s,oTo,»;:u;, a decrease of $0.217.-
257.

li<2ti.c;e;s; oi [fl.e;e~ti.n9$-

\VESTERN POM ONA G I’.A.\‘(_; E.

The next meeting of Western Po-
mona Grange will be held at Trent
Grange hall, August 22 and 23. A
large attendance is desirable.

Program.

Address of Welcome, Worthy Master
of Trent Grange; Response, H. C. Tut-
tle; Question, “How far is co-operation
advantageous?” J. T. liettis; “The
beauties of nature and its influence
upon character,” Mrs. it. Martin.
“What is the Grange doing to advance
the cause of education 2*" Adam Yager:
“Does this country need bimetallism 1"’
Tom F. Rogers; "Healthy homes and
how to make them." 8. Stautfer; “l’lain
cooking, how to make it palatable and
attractive to the farmer’s family,”
Mrs. Celestia Woodard; “How can we
receive the greatest benefit from our
county fairs 1*" 1). C. Wells.

The above program will be inter-
spersed with vocal and instrumental
music, recitations, etc.

MA:~:son M. Siiirii, Lecturer.

¢:i:A:\'i) I.'_\'1ON PICNIC.

()n August 22, 23, 21, under the
auspices of Berrien county Pomona
Grange, there will bea grand union
picnic at Pottawatomie park, on the
lake near Riverside station on the Chi-
cago and West Michigan R. lt.

The Grange. teachers’ organizations.
and fraternal societies of this and ad-
joining counties are cordially invited
to join in a three days’ rally at this
beautiful park. We are planning for
an interesting program to be shared
jointly by the various societies; and
oilicers and members of the various or-
ganizations are kindly requested to
communicate with the writer for as-
signment on the program.

“'31. L. KANE. Chairman program
committee, St. Joseph, Mich.

The next meeting of the South Low-
ell District Council will be held at
South Lowell Grange hall on the first
Saturday in August. Let us make this
the best meeting ever held with that
Grange. Let each member bring a
resolution to be discussed, or a ques-
tion to be answered. I will ask my
question now. Why don't some mem-
ber of every family represented in the
Grange take the Ga.-\.\‘oE Visrroit?

D. H. ENGLISH, Secretary.

Gin-age; 

ALLEGAN COL'1\'TY POMONA GR.-\NGE

held their July meeting with Allegan
Central Grange J uly 18. The hall was
nicely decorated with flowers and
evergreens, and well tilled with Pat-
rons when the Master’s gavel called to
order at 10:30 a. m. Grange opened in
fourth degree and took up the regular
order of business. At 12 o'clock we
were invited to the dining room where
dinner and ice cream was served‘ by
Allegan Grangers. At 1:30 p. m.
Grange called to order in open session
and those outside the gates were in-
vited to our literary exercises. Our
hall was soon filled, and the program
was opened with a song by Allegan
Grange choir, followed by an address
of welcome by Sister Mary Wahne,
which was replete with words of good
cheer and congratulations to the
Grange for the many advantages and
pleasure for its members. A response
by sister Felton of Moline Grange was
filled with good suggestions to the Or-
der, calling our attention to the need
of more work in the interests of agri-
culture. and a better understanding of
the objects of our Order.

We next listened to a solo by
Miss Holton, which was greatly en-
ioyed by the audience. The question
of “Taxation" was opened by Bro.
Eley, and brought out quite a- discus-
sion pro and con, resulting in many
new thoughts to those present. A
paper by Sister Laura Jewett was
listened to with close attention and
showed much thought by the writer.
A short talk on the question “To where
are we drifting?" by L. 0. Root. Song
by Wayland Grange choir; recitation
by Miss Holton which was received
with great applause.

A question by Bro. Tracy of Glenn
brought out a lengthy discussion and
some good points. The meeting then
closed with a song.

The Grange instructed the Master to
invite National Master Brigham to
speak in Allegan the last of August.
But a letter iust received from Master
Horton stating that Bro. Brigham’s
time in our state is so short, it will be
impossible for him to visit Allegan. 1
therefore urge all Patrons of Allegan
county to meet Bro. Brigham at Gunn
Lake, August 31, 1895.

L. C. Roor, Master

Allegan County Pomona Grange.

counties and upper peninsula. The.

_ Danby Grange, No. 185, observed
‘Children's Day June 8. It has been
lthe usual custom of our Grange to
,1 procure as good a speaker as we could
; lind for the day. but the children and
5 some of the old folks thought the pro-
;gram too lengthy, so this year it was
,decided to let the children furnish the
sprogram principally. There were five
ischools represented and about three
» hundred in attendance.

mt-need at half past ten with a. song,

followed by prayer by llro. Fred‘

Towner; next an address of welcome

iby Worthy Master Charles ll. l’ea.ke.’,

I The remainder of the exercises consist-
: ed of music. recitations. dialogues, and
3 songs by the children, after which din-
:ner was served to all, together with
filemonade and peanuts. Thus ended
gone more of the bright days of our
ilives.
j We have just had a rousing contest
‘at Danby Grange. Charter members
declare it to be the best contest ever
held in our hall,
the plan of married members and
single members on the other side with
a schedule of points as follows:
Subscription to the Visrron, 300;

120; song and music by one, 120; sing-
ing alone, 100; recitation, 100; writing
and reading essay, 100; instrumental
music. 80; select reading. 30; speech,
30; presence. 20.

The single members were so confi-
dent of coming out victorious that it
was generally understood that if they
did, the married members were to fur-
nish ice cream and cake, and the mar-
ried members expressed a willing-
ness that they should. only they wanted
them to earn their treat. But the final
count showed the total count to be 11,-
480; married members 26,050, single
members 18,130. Balance in favor of
married side 7,1320. Of course the
young folks furnished the ice cream
and cake in grand and etlicient style.

There were 92 different persons
helped to make the contest a success,
and it was the means of sending 
subscriptions to the VISITOR and four
new members to our Grange. Grand
recitations were given in this contest
by members past three score years,
and many took part that were given
in this contest by members past three
score years, and took part that were in
the habit of sitting idle.

Mas. AMELIA PEAKE.

Magazine Notes.

B. 0. Flower has a stirring paper in
the August ARE.\'.\ called "The Au-
gust 1’resent.” lle deals in a view of
hopefullness and enthusiasm with the
present and the future which so many
lind so gloomy for civilization, and linds
in religion and science, the unrest in
society, in the new impulse to the study
of economics, and in the modern inter-
est in the science of sociology, eviden-
ces of a greater renaissance of human
thought than the Age of Pericles or
the Reformation and Renaissance of
the fifteenth century, A new and pro-
found spirit of the identity of lin-

manity is added to the intel-
lectual activity that alone dis-
tinguished other great eras, and

this is the result of modern scientilic
investigation into the phenomena of
nature. The world can now be better.
if men will only hold fast to knowledge
and not let themselves retrograde
through passion, greed and prejudice
and the brute instincts. It is a striking
review of the forces in modern life that
lead us to take hopeful views.

'l'he August ATLANTIC Mo.\"riiLv
contains several articles which are cal-
culated to create widespread interest.
One of the most striking contributions
is by Jacob 1). Cox on “How Judge
Hoar Ceased to be Attorney-General.”
Mr. Cox was a member of Grant's
Cabinet with Judge Hoar, and this
paper is an important chapter in our
recent political history. Percival Low-
ell, in his fourth paper on Mars, tries
to answer the questions, "ls Mars in-
habited, and, if so, by what kind of
people 1'” The second of Mr. l’ea.bodv’s

papers is on French and English
Churches.
“Chautauqua: Its Aims and lntlu-

ence” is the title of an exhaustive ar-
ticle by Prof. Albert 8. Cook, of Yale
University, in the August number of
THE FORL'.\I. He describes the Chau-
tauqua system of education, explains
its aims. and tells of the far-reaching
intluence it is exerting, not only in the
United States, but throughout the
world.

The Nonrii AMERICAN REVIEW for
August opens with a trenchant paper
on “The Menace of ltomanism,” bv W.
J. H. Travnor, President of the A. P.
A. He contends that the papacy is
today, as it ever was. a thorough des-
potism, and declares that the A. P. A.
will continue its work to prevent the
perversion of the American constitu-
tion to papal dogmas.

Mr. A. B. Hepburn, president of the
Third National Bani: of New York.
has written for the August number of
THE FORUM an article fully explaining
the operations of the Bond Syndicate,
pointing out the excellent results
which have followed its work,

We Are Slaves to Greed.

If to be free is to live in a country
(the United State) where you are in
mortal dread of the press and the po-
lice, where you are heartily ashamed of
having any one connected with you an-
gaged in politics, where corruption
reigns in every department of the gov-
ernment and the municipalities, where
the only aristocracy is that of wealth
and not of honor, and where the liberal
professions are all counted lower than

Wall street. where. in efloct. men are

Bro. Dennis Guilford acted as chair— '
-man of the day, The exercises com-§

It was conducted on ,

new members, 300; dialogue each part. 1

 

  

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

   

, rich in potash the crops of

Results prove conclusively that by the use of fertilizers

WV heat and Rye

and all winter crops are largely increased and the soil is positively enriched.
“'4 “ii” ‘_i““V'{Ull):niail our pamphlets on PUl.’lSl1, its Use and Abuse on the
Flml-./Vr'L' <7 Hi-V-’. '1 buy will cost ) on nothing to read, and will save you dollars.
CliR.\l.-KN K.-XLI \VORKS, 93 Nassau Street, New York.

AUGUST 1, 1895.

 
 

    

       
          

now buying,

copy?

 

  
 

GABRIAEEB

  
    

741‘o"2p‘§."o’,i-‘ S
"A:' Grlde. I45. pages and is
“rue to-day. '

is a book containing illustrations, prices and
descriptions of 30,000 articles in common use,
a book that will show you at a glance if you
are paying too much for the goods you are

WORTH ANYTHING TO YOU?

ls it worth the 15 CENTS in stamps re-
quired to pay postage or express charges on a

THE BUYERS GUIDE AND CATALOGUE ( issued
every March and September) is the book we
are talking about; you are not safe without a
copy of the latest edition in the house.

MONTGOMERY WARD & ($0.,
I I I to I I6 Michigan Ave., Chicago.

9,1, and Bi9¥¢l9l. at Factory Prices. \\'oi-lr giinranteed and 201-: 4o per ,
\A cent saved. (bur goods received the liigin-st awards: at the \\’orl<l's-
1- air. Our 1.89.’) Maninmih illustrated (‘alnloinie is free to all. It shows
all the latest stvles and ll1l1’ll't'>V'6‘1'll(‘ll1H arid rediieeul prices. It has 2m

V _e largest anti iiiost ('Ii‘nlpl(‘I4' CB[BlDL’ll(‘ ever issuc-«I, "A"hndo.IG7.5¢.
Send for it. It sfrce. Alliance larnnge ('o., Cincinnati. Ohio.

  

the veritable slaves of greed and gain,
Why, give me the old fashioned slavery
of the old country and the domination
of some recogiiized house which is at
least the fountain of honor.

One doesn’t have to apologize in Eng-
land for going to court, but it seeins a
necessity in America if one is in any
way connected with the White House.
When I first came here, I thou;,:lit. a
member of the house of representzitivos
held -.i position at least analogous to the
average member of parliament. I find,
on the contrary. he is about as much
esteemed as an outside broker on the
Stock Excliange, and for much the same
reasons. —Teinplo Bar.

The Reason “Wiy.

school?

Willie—My Sunday school

New Pa.rson—I am glad to hear that.
Why do you like your Sunday school the
best?

Willie—Becausc it is only once a
week.-—-Brooklyn Eagle.

OFFICTALIBIRECTCRY
(ifli ers N:lll()ll}|l (uil"rll1;.',"(‘.

. .........l)v-ltii.(lliio
.....S:iiita .' l"

 
 
      
  
  
 
 

.‘

  

1 .
t

 

. :ll'_\‘ ~-».Ioliii Tl'll11lil(‘.... .\V. .
(iatc K4-npcr--\V. E. ' l

iill . . . . . . . . . . .. inn: _ .'i
-\\"il-Mrs. .\inanila Horton. Mich.
I-In-. utive (‘oiniuitti-e.

Leonard Rhone . . . . ..(‘entcr Hall. Pi‘llll.<§:l\‘ilillf1
R. }Iuichinsoii....  .. _.,\ ir¢.'lnla

0fi'l('€1‘S Mieliigan State Graiige.

 

    

 

Ril]ll(lS.
(‘liaplain~—Mary A. Mayo . . . . . . . . ..Batt_le (‘reek
Treasurer»—l£. .1. Strong. ..\ iclr.sbul'é!
Secrt-tary—Jeiiiiie Bin-ll.... .
Gate Kt-cper——\\'illiaiii Robe
(‘err-.s—Mrs. Mary Robert son
Flora—Mrs. Estella B11(‘ll., .. .
Poniona—.\Irs. Julia Met ‘lure . . . . Filielhy
L. A. Stewaril—Mrs. J. H. Martin. (1‘ran«lRapitls

Executive Committee.

    
   
        
 
    

  

   

 

J. G. Ramsdell. (‘liairman . . . . . . . . .Traverse (‘ity
H. D. Platt.... . ...\psilanti
l‘. G. Luce. . ('0l(lWafC‘-I‘
\V'. E. \Vrigh (‘oldwater
Perry Mayo attle (‘reek
R H. Taylor .. ..Sh by
F E. Iliiedforn M$1iletRI%_p1lllS
i‘. . t I ‘ 11' 1‘ EB
Jiennie  7 Ex Oflmm l . . . . . . . .iArin Arbor
Cmnmittee on Woman’s \Vork in the
Grange.
Mrs. Mary A. Mayo.. .. .. Battle (‘reek
Mrs. Mary Sherwood H1 .. .Stanton
Mrs. Belle Royce....  .. . .Baroda

General Deputy Lecturers.

Mary A. Mayo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Battle (‘reek
Hon. J. J. Woodman.... .. .Paw Paw
Hon. C. G. Luce.... ..(‘oldwater
Hon. Perry Mayo. .Battle Creek
Hon. Thomas Mar Berrien Center

' .. .. .Paw Paw
. ..Ka1kaskn
raver-se City
. . ..Union City

  
  
 
 

  
  
   
  
  
   
  

Alle an. Allegan
..In and. Benzie “
. .. .. .Dowling. Bar “

James . Studley; . Union City. Branc “
R V. Clar  ..Buchanan, Be_i'rien “
J W. Ennest  .St. Johns, Clinton “
Mary A. Mayo .Battle Creek Calhoun “
E. B. Ward .... .. .Cha1-levoix, Charlevoix “
Abram Miller...  .....Dowa iac Cass “
F. Osborn... ....Eaton Ru 1 s, llalqon “
W. H. Bovee.... .... ..North _ tar, Gratiot “
B.Turner................Flushing. Genesee “

New Parson——Which do you like best, '
Willie, your day school or your Sunday .

 

J.i.J. Wooiliiiaii . . . . . . . . . . . .  Michigan _:

 
  
 
   
 

 

  
  

 
  

Write to-du.
l‘i. (I. l4.’1ll<l.V. .()lil .\ll~~l4>ll.lil‘.'lllllil‘l‘J1\'¢'l'>l‘ “
.\_li'.-. la. l). .\Uk\“ \\ lo-.'iil;iiid. llill-«lulu "
l\. .\ {_ro\\'ii... iul lleach. lliiron “
l?- H_- l‘-HI-tlis _('h:iiixllr-r. loiii:i “
P. \\_. llavciis _ in-lilmru. lllL'lll|lll "
J \\o--toii lliilclii .llillll|\'4'l‘. .l.'ir-k-on "
l§ohI‘I't Doekr,-r.\'.. ,..lloi-Moi . K.-in
(n_-o. L. ('arli.slc . . . . ..l\':ill(ii-kn. l\':ill<u-k:i
lliraiii lira-lsliziw. ._Vorvli lil‘Jlllf‘ll. [IP11 “
l“i'erl_ l)o~:rii.... ..l§rii.:liloii. l.ivii ,.-toil “
la. \\. \lli . . . . . . ..\lll'lilll. l.l‘l|5l'\\'l‘i' “

Jacob R0>i'll>’lll‘l.     ...  ..
 liiuzl. Monroe. and Lv-il.'i\vi-o “
("rt'I)1‘1,'f‘.}l. Les . . . . . ..('r_\'-‘till. .\loiit<‘:iliii "'
J}. R. \§iii .v\’lll_l)4‘ ..liI‘.’ll‘ Liikc. Miiiii-ti-e “
Jr-s.-c l:. ‘u\ illiaiii. ..liil: liapicls. .\Ii-co-‘iii “'
J. S. l.:i\\'.-oii . . .  Di.-co. Mai-oiiil) "
.. Flat Rock. Monroe “
.. l\’:iveiiii:i. .\lii.-kn-l.:nn “

.. ...\.-iilaiiul. .V1‘\V'}l_\'1{li “

    
  
  
 

 
   

  
 
   
   

   

   

- ' , . .. ...Yp.silziiiti. (laklainl “
Robert :\l\\'£l1‘Il. ..HIivlsoii\'illc~.Uiniwri “
Ii ll. T2i_\lui . . . . . . ...\'lii‘lloy. tic» “
J) Murliii . . . . . . . . .. \'<-riioii. h'lii.'i\\':issi-o “
\ \\'.(':iiillel<l. ...........\\oea.Sr,i‘ “
\\ in B. Laii;.lc\ ....(‘eim-i'\'ill--. Si ‘
Hobo-rt Tr:-h_\'. .. ..l%ireli lliin.. “
M. ('. K--rr . . . . . . . . . . .. l':irsoii\'ill:-.. aiiilzie “
Hell-ii ;\. l“i.-kl-.... ...l.:i\\'reiiez-. V3111 l'i|ll'9‘ll "

iIl1‘ll1‘)’ lliirrl.... ..  l'l_viiiouili. \\':i;.no "
Joliil  Mel)oiii.:iil.. 1;». anti. \\':i.-lilr-n:i\\' “
R. ('. I\oi'ri's.9 . . . . . . . . . . ..l 'a:lill:ie. \\'»-.\:ford “

Revised List of Grange Supplies
Keir! iii the ollieo of Soc-"y of lllI'

 
  
 
  
   

  

 

      

 

 
   
  

   

 

 

.\II(.'-Hlti.-\_\' STA l‘l‘I (ill.\.\'HlC
Aiivl >l'lil out post-pziivl on l'l‘('#‘l}tl of cash order.
over the Hi-ill of :1 .\'iilioi'iliii:iie tir.'iio.:v. and
the .~lL.'llililll‘(‘ of its Master or 5'4-en-1:11‘).
ii lnillot iii:ii‘lilv-s. in-r ll1lllIlf'(‘<l. ' 7.’:
~14-IlL'i'r........................... 5
J.‘ -' -" s rn-cor"-l......  fill:
= )I‘1l1'l‘.~.lHI1lll<l.DP!‘llllll4ll‘l'll.... 35
‘ ‘em-ipts for due-. |H'l‘ llllllIll'(‘ll .. 37>
Tl'I‘£l>lll'l'[‘ .-' reel-iiils for clues. poi‘ llllllIlr‘l'<l.. 35
Applieiitioii-' for llll’l1lll('l‘~lll]i. in-i' ll|lll(l)'l‘ll 50
\\'itlinli‘:i\\'zil r‘ai'«l.s. ]Il‘I‘ ilozi-ii.... ..  . "S
' ‘ii i-iivelopo,-. pi-ralozcii . . . . . . . . . , , .. 25
, of the Slate tiraiiizc. .-iiiule eopic.-‘.
100:1 l'1lUZi'll....,..............,......  T5
"(ilud Lclion--." with iuu.-ie. single copies.
lfllzpi-ixlo/i  .. 00
(i1'£'llL'l‘ Mo nu]: -op)‘. l0(': in lll)Z. 4110
()]H'lllllL' Soiiui 811. ‘_‘e each :7?-0 in-i' nil: 10!? l 35
Ililiial.-'.7tliI-ilitioiilwillleoiiihiiit-ll<lcl:ri-es.)
:_'.'pCl‘&1(‘llZ]N‘l' lll>Zl‘l1....   2 75
llitual.-. Tnth lll‘L'1'I-I‘, sot of lllll“ 1 Hi
Rituzils. Jiivciiill‘-. >llll:l4- cop_\.,... ..   15
Notice to rleliiiqiioiit iiil-uilu-rs. [II'l‘ 100 . . . . .. M}
;\ll1('I'l(‘&lll .\laiiu.'ll of l’:irliaiil<-iilury Law.. 50
I)iL'e.st of Laws and It lii '~ .  . 25
:I{Iill l‘lUUl-(>. ,_ _, 15
Saiiiplc !Fil(‘l\ o-opera tiirr 18
Kel_l¢‘_.\".~ Ilistory of the (ir.'iiie'»-_. ..  . '75
. “rite for price.-' on cold pin l)£11lL'I , vork-
.ing tools. staff nirliiiitiiigs. s ballot boxes

.\Ia.-'ter—(1. B. Horton . . . . . . . . . . . . ,.Fruit Ridge {
()vi ' er—M.T.('ole.... .. . . . . . . ..l’ziliiii‘rii
Leetiirt-r—Jasoii Wooiliiiaii. . .. . .. ..P1l\\' Pair
Sta-\varil—(}eori:e L. (':irli.-'lt . . . . . . . . ..l\:Ill\‘1i>‘lx’a

.-Xssistaiit Steward-J. H. Martin. Box 112. Grand 1

i and any other Gruiiuc siipplics.

 

.\tlilri-ss
Miss J!£,\'.\‘IE liri-:i.i..
.-\nn Arbor. Mich._

L-rENSlU

a
55
E5

 

  
 
  
 
   
  
  
  
 
  
   
   
 
  
  
 
  

 TUMORS and SKIN IHSEASES
selenuticnlly treated and cured.
Nu  Book tree. 1-lave

-j-——-—- n

_ made these dis-
eases ri specialty (or the lust twenty-five years. Addreu
Dr. L. I . Iirntlsnr. 30 Shllllto Place. Clnelnnntl. 0.

ALL rs’ A NUT
SHELL for 10c. to
the readers oflthls
D3 e ' l
Erliéer '25:?‘ i1i‘i:§i;

ook l

 

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