FEES EXECUTIVE

Michigan State‘

LKzllflm&Z00 Publishing Co.’s Print.]

TZEIIE

[SS UEI) SEM I-

MON1‘HL.Y

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COMMITTEE «in

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Grange, P. of H,

voLI’—N&i2 2
WHOLE No 68.

SCHOOLCRAF T,

JUNE 15th, 1879.

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THE GRANGE VISITOR,

Is Published on the First and Fifteenth of
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A Liberal discount will be made on standing
advertisements of three months or more.

Ofilcers National Grange.

MASTER--S. E. ADAMS, Minn.

OVEBSEEB.-J. J. WOODMAN, Mich.
Lircruni-:n-—MORT’MR WHITEHEAD, N J.
STEWAB.D—A. J . VAUGHN. Miss.

Assr. STEWARD—-VVILLIAM SIMS, Kansas.
CIIAPLAIN—A. P. FORSYTH, Illinois.
TR.EASUB.EB—F. M. MCDOWELL, N. Y.
Sr.casrAr.r—Wm. M. IRELAND,Wasli’ton,D.C.
GA’l‘E~K.EEPEB.-0. DINWIDDIE, Indiana.
Cam-:s—MRs. S. E. ADAMS, Minnesota.
POMONA—-MRS. J. J. WOODMAN, Michigan.
FLORA—-MRS. JAS. T. MOORE, Maryland.
LADY Assrisrsxr S'rsw.um——Mrss CARRIE A.

HALL, Kentucky.

Ofilcers Michigan State Grange.
M.—J. J. WOODMAN. - -
O.—THOS. F. MOORE, - -
L.—C. L. WHITNEY, -
S.——S. A. TOOKER, - - - Lansing.
A. S.—A. E. GREEN, - - Farmington.
C.—SALMON STEEL, Bear Lake, Manis’e Co
T.—S. F. BROWN, - - Schoolcraft.
Siic.—J. T. COBB, - . - H
G. K.—A. N. WOODRUFF, - Watervliet.
CERES.—MRS. C. L. WHITNEY, Muskegon.
PoiioNA—-Miss. G. W. EWING, Ross, Kent Co.
FLORA-—MR8. J. J . WOODMAN, Paw Paw.
L. A. S.—MBs. A. E. GREEN, Farniington.

Paw Paw.
- Adrian.
Muskegon.

Executive committee-

F. M. HOLLOWAY, Chairman, - Hillsdale.
J. WEBSTER CHILDS, - - - Ypsilanti.
0- G- LUCE. - - Gilead, Branch Co.
WESTBROOK DIVINE, Belding, Innis. CO.
THOMAS MARS. Beri-ien Center, Berrien Co.
WM. SATTERLEE, Birmingham, Oakland Co.
3. Q. A. BURRINGTON, Tuscola, Tuscola Co.
J. J. WOODMAN, J. T. COBB, - Ex. Ofiicio.

State Business Agents,

-7. M. CHIDESTER, - - -
THOMAS MASON, - .. -

Detroit.
Chicago.

General Deputy. r
0- I-. WHITNEY, - . - Muskegon.

Special Lecturers.

¥~ E. Trowbridge,. .Birmingham, Oakland Co.
Gh°5' F- Myore. Adi-ian,. . . . .Lenawee Co
S:°- W. W oodward. .Shelby. . . . . . . .0ceana Co
E inuel Langdon, . .Bowen Sta.tion,. . .Kent Co

. C. Herriiigton, . . .Four Towns, . . Oakland Co
L. L. Stevens, ...... ..Perr ,... .Sliiawassee Co

- R. Brown,....Rawson ' e,..Washtenaw Co

drew Campbell, . .Ypsilanti,. . “ “

Q Salmon Steele,. .Bear Lake,. .Manistee Co
L 

By order of the State Grange at its
ie session, Masters no longer re-
ceive a copy of the Visiron free.—
Secretaries, or other persons, sending
*1 01‘ more names, with pay for the
“me, will receive an extra copy

h'°°-_ Sample numbers furnished on
‘Ppllcation.

THE LIGHTNING-ROD DISPEN-
SER.

nr WILL CARLETON.

If the weary world is willing, I've a little word
to say

Of a lightning-rod dispenser that dropped down
on me one day, ’

With a poem in his motions, with a sermon in
his mien,

With hands as white as lilies, and a face un-
common clean,

No wrinkle had his raiments, and his linen
glistened white,

And his new-constructed necktie was an inter-
esting sight ;

While I almost wish a razor had made red
that white-skinned throat,

And his new-constructed necktie had composed
a hangman’s knot,

Ere he brought his sleek-trimmed carcass for
my women-folks to see,

And his rip—saw tongue :1 buzzin’ for to gouge
a gash in me.

But I couldn’t help but like him—as I iilwavs
think I must. '

The gold of my own doctrine in a fellow-heap
of dust;

\Vhen I fired my own opinions at this person
round by round,

They drew an answering volley of a very simi-
lar sound;

I touched him on religion, and the hopes my
heart had known,

He said he’d had experience quite similar of his

own.

I told him of the doubtin’s that made dark my
earl ears ;

He had laid awake till morning, with that same
old breed of fears.

I told him of the rough path I hoped to heaven

to go ;

He was on that very ladder, only just ii. round
below.

I told him of my visions of the sinfulness of

gain ;

He had seen the self-same picters, though not
quite so clear and plain.

Our politics was different, and at first he gelled
and winced,

But I argued him so ably he was very soon con-
vinced.

And ’twas getting near the middle of a hungry
summer day,

There was dinner on the table, and I asked
him would he stay ?

And he sat him down among us, everlasting
trim and neat,

And asked a short, crisp blessing almost good
enough to eat ;

Then he fired up on the mercies of our Great
Eternal Friend.

And gave the Lord Almighty a good, first-class
recommend.

And for an hour we listened to the sugar-
coated scamp,

Talking like a. blessed aiigel—eating like a-
blasted tramp.

My wife, she liked the stranger, smiling on
him warm and sweet— '

It always flatters women when guests are on
the eat.)

And he hinted that some ladies never loose
their early charms.

Add he kissed her latest baby and received it
in his arms.

My sons and daughters liked him, for he had
progressive views,

And chewed the quid of fancy, and gave down

the latest news, ~ _

And I couldn’t help but like him, as I fear I al-
ways must.

The gold of my own doctrines, in a fellow-heap
of dust.

He was spreading desolation through a piece of
apple pie. _
Whed be paused and looked upon us with a
tear in his off-eye, .
And said, “Oh happy family l -—your blessings
make me sad, _ _

You call to mind the dear ones that in happier
days I had, _ . _

A wife as sweet as this one, a babe as bright
and fair; _ _

Alittllle girl with ringlets like that one over

ere,

I wotrshiped them too blindly l—my eyes with
love were dim l

God took them to His own heart, and now I

worship him. 1 _ _
But had I not neglec ed the means within my

W3 - . . . .
Then tliey might be stiil living, and loving me
to-day.

“One night there came ii. tempest, the thunder-
peals were dire ;

The clouds that tramped above us were shoot-
ing bits of Ere,

In my own home, I, lying. was thinking to my

‘ blame,

When, crash I —- through roof and ceiling the
deadly lightning cleft

And killed my wife and children, and oiilyl
was left.

“Since that dread time I've wandered, and
naught for life have cared,

Save to save others’ loved ones, whose lives
have yet been spared ;

Since then it's been my missiou,where’er by
sorrow tossed,

To sell to virtuous people good lightning rods
-—at cost.

VVith sure and strong protection I'll clothe your
building o'er,

’TWill cost you fifty dollars, perhaps a trifle

more ;
What little else it comes to at lowest price I’ll

put
(You signing this agreement to pay so much a
foot”). _

I sigpoccdd i;;1,)o:7‘l:::ile my family, all approving,
And_dropped a tear upon it—but it didn't blot
Thattvgiy day with wagons came some men,
both great and small, _
Theyw(;llil:1(p:1deil.';p(;i1iLmy buildings just as if they
They hacked ’em an’ they hewed ’em, much
against my loud desires ;
They trimmed ’em up with gew gaws, and they
Andflpeyegiynprecious moment kept running up
My soft-spoken guest a-seeking, did 1 rave, and
He iivl:sh’siaiJpgiii‘gn’with a neighbor, just three
"D0x;l;§st§1li;fil::?:Io1l10ute¢?l, "that I wanted a
To s]:i.1i1vi§eo:c_l;ivisrieBparate hay-cock from heaven’s
Do y:(SI:Il]1sIeFlll‘l:l:1:§(l;etI't(E:‘il%§l).ef81§)aTEf7 buildin’s safe from
I'm goin’ to deed you over the balance of my
He lbao1lrx:(l?up quite astonished, with a face de-
A!1d_vli’;dp(‘))if‘Il%;1(1Il:i) the contract with a reassur-
It wiinsgtlaiguflii-st occasion that he disagreed with

me

But he ' held me to that paper with a firmness
sad to see,

And for that thunder-story, ere the rascal final-
ly went,

I paid two hundred dollars, if I paid a single

cent.
And if any lightnin’-rodder wants a dinner-
dialogue
With the restaurant department of an enter-
prising dog,
Let him set his‘ mill arunnin’ just inside my
outside gate,
And I’ll bet two hundred dollars that he won't
have long to wait. —
——Fa.rmers’ Review. Chicago.

Delicacy of the Mini Scales.

The fine gold-weighing scales made in
Philadelphia for the New Orleans mint,
and placed in position yesterday, are
marvels of. mechanical invention and
accurate workmanship. The larger of
the two has a capacity of 10,000 ounces
troy, or about 686 pounds avoirdupois,
and when loaded to its full weight
will indicate a variation of one thou-
sandth part of an ounce, or the millionth
part of its weighing capacity. Another
pair of scales is the one intended for
weighing gold only. It has bearings
composed _ of p the finest agates, which
have been ground with wonderful pre-
cision. So delicate is this machine that
it will give the precise weight of a hu-
man hair. and is susceptible to the
slightest atmospheric changes. Millions
of dollars’ worth of precious metals will
be weighed annually upon these scales.
—New Orleans Times.

IT requires six quarts of broom 00111
seed to plant an acre.

Clover-huller Infringement Suits.
‘ ROLLIN, May 24.
Worthy Sec’y Cobb .-
DEAR SIR:-—I take the liberty of ad-
dressing you upon a subject that is at-
tracting the attention of the farmers
ofthls and adjoining, counties, and I
_might say the whole Stateas well, our
farmers are being hauled up by the
wholesale before a United States Court
in the city of Detroit and there robbed
of from one hundred to three hundred
dollars each, and it seems that we have
no redress, but pay. The farmers are
poor enough, God knows, without be-
ing robbed of what little they have
saved, by some rich corporation; and
by the way, this, unlike the infamous
gate swindle,takes in the poorer classes,
men who are obliged to work by the
day and Job fora living. The manner
of procedure is substantially as fol-
lows: Ten or fifteen years ago A.
bought a clover huller of some manu-
facturing company and pays therefor
an exorbitant price on account of the
patent on it, and supposes that he has a
perfect right to use it, but it seems he
has not, for he is called upon by an
agent .of the Birdsell Manufacturing
(_3o., and told that his machine is an in-
mngement on the patent of John C.
Birdsell, of South Bend, Indiana. and
that he can settle with said John C.
Birdsell for one hundred dollars. A.
of course, refuses to pay, and the result
is that he is summoned to appear at De-
troitat some future day to answer to
charges preferred against him by John
C. Birdsell. Now perhaps you know
how much of a chance he stands with-
out any money, against a rich company
who have lots of it to spend. I can
count 20 men in a circuit of as many
miles,and nearly all of them poor men,
who have to work for a living for them-
selves and families, who are command-
ed to appear before Judge VVaite in the
city of Detroit, on or before the second
Monday in June, there to answer to
charges preferred a ainst them by John
C. Birdsell, presi ent of the Birdsell
Manufacturing Company. Two of
these men never owned or operated a
clover huller in their lives, but they
must be put to the expense of defend-
ing a suit in the United States Court or
pay their hundred dollars with the
rest. Nor is this the worst of it, I under-
stand that our sewihg machine manu-
facturers are now engaged in‘ an exten-
sive litigation and the probabilities are
that we will be asked to pay a royalty
on those also, our reapers and mowers
and all our farm machinery will proba-
bly be handled in the same way. Just
as soon as the atents expire and they
have sold all t e machinery they can
at an exorbitant price, then ' the fortu-
nate holders of the" original patents
comes on and sues the innocent pur-
chasers for damages and costs and drags
him before a United States Court and
there robs him of all he has. I say robs
him, for it is robbery on a gigantic
scale. Patrons and farmers, we may as
well wake up first as last to this fact,
that we must combine to protect our
rights and interests, as farmers, peace-
ably if we can, but forcibly if we most,
or else sleep on quietly, and let them
rob us without a protest. Let each
Grange in the United‘ States at their
next meeting, resolve not to use a sin-
gle implement or allow one to be used
on their farms that has been manufac-
tured by the Birdsell Manufacturiiig
Company or any other company that
brings suits of a similar character, and
advise all their neighbors to do the same,
and advertise them in every newspaper
in the land that will give you a hear-
ing, and see if that will not bring them
to their senses.. Fraternally Yours,
Svnvnsrnn LAMB,
Overseer of Rollin Grange, No. 383.

I

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2

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

“ The Legal Rights and Liabilities of the
Farmer.”

BY C. H. RICHMOND, OF ANN ARBOR.

President and Members of the Farm-
ers’ Club of Washtenaw County.-—ln ac-
cepting the invitation from your club
to prepare apaper on the “ Legal Rights
and Liabilities of Farmers,” _ I am
aware that I may_ be charged with pre-
sumption, and criticised for attempling
to state the law, which has so many
subtle and nice distinctions.

I claim, however, no great amount of
originality in what I shall read you.
either in form or substance; but have
quoted from thelaws’ of this State. and
from an address delivered by the Hon.
E. H. Bennett, of Massachusetts.

The first question that naturally sug-
gests itself, in the consideration of this
subject, is:

How rro PURCHASE A FARM.

A person desi.ing to purchase a farm
—having made an _exainination of the
premises to his satisfaction, and come
to a clear understanding and agreement
with the seller upon all material mat-
ters unless payment for the farm is to
he made down and a deed, delivery and
possession of the same is at once made
—-should draw or have drawn up a con-
tract of bargain and sale, which should
state in detail the terms agreed upon by
and between the parties, as to_time of
payments, when deed and delivery of
possession is to be made, 9.11d‘8.l_ly other
particulars of iix_iportance: which con-
tract should be signed in duplicate by
the parties. and witnessed, or a single
contract or a bond for a deed executed
in the same manner and left with a
third party for the benefit of botn the
contracting parties.

That a mere verbal or oral contract or
agreement for the purchase or sale. of
real estate of any kind is not binding
(in law) upon either party. iS<]111tegen-
erally if not universally understood;
but, as is frequently the C358. 1l9g"t‘3'
tions preliminary to the purchase of
real estate, are carried on by letter or
in some cases by telegraph. It 1119-Y 110‘
be as generally known or understood
when written or telegraphed proposi-
iions. for the sale and piircha.-se_of real
estate by and between two parties. _b8°
come or are regarded in law as binding
as contracts. _

A proposition to sell a farm _or real
estate of any kind—inade in VV.l‘ll.lI1gv.()I‘
by telegraph—for a stated price, vtlllll
not be binding on U19 P9-rt) ‘Raking t e
proposition until the {i1‘0P°S’t'1°n is ac‘
tually accepted, am the Purchaser
agreesin writing to pay the Price 01‘
sum stated in the proposition-

The same is the case if the roposi-
tiou be accepted conditional y; al-
though it be in writing. the P330“
niakimv, the ofie-.i_' will not be bound.
but niay. at any time before the offer is
unconditionally accepted,_chaiige his
mind and withdraw his oiier, or sell to
another party on more advantageous
terms. This he may do, even if the
partv to whom the proposal is made has
in the meantime concluded to accept
the offer, and has even gone so far as to
purchase stock, tools and_ farm imple-
ments, and with his. family moved to
the premises, intending to pay the price
and take possession.

The owner may even then refuse to
sell, and the expectant and much dis-
appointed purchaser _will have no legal
remedy to compel him to convey the
farm mg to pay the costs and expense
incurred, relying on the seller’s keep-
ing his word. _ _

The same principles apply t0 the

urchaser or quasi purchaser. The sel-
er may rely upon the word of the pur-

‘chaser, and the purchaser may even

enter upon the land—-by permission Of
the owner —-and sow grass or other Seed.
and afterwards change his mind and
refuse to take the farm or pay the price
orally agreed upon. He cannot be
compelled to fulfill his agreement or pay
damages for the nonfulfillment of it.
An ordinary refusal of a farm for a giv-
en time is a very uncertain thing to re-
ly upon, unless you are dealing with.a
man whose “word is as good as his
band,” The business way—and, _only
safe way—then is, to have a written
contract, stating fully all points of
agreement, ora bond for a deed _duly
executed by both parties in duplicate,

ie one to be left in the hands of

firtzfglfiemon for the benefit of both of

‘hff°;’"tr,?tif:i11Ii§rIi£i:ztiio:si}c stated in an

0 sale in which it may be accePt"
“fer acceptance or such offer mllfit
gievjtilffitly within the time limited——as

well as the condition stated—in the of-
fer, to be legally binding upon the per-
son making the offer. Contracts as well
as sales of all kinds, made on Sunday,
are void (compiled laws. sec. 1, chap. 44,
12th Mich., 3781.)

“WHAT ARE THE LEGAL BUNDARIES
or A FARM?”

The boundaries of a. farm are deter-
mined by fixed, visible and pernianeiit
monuments, such as rocks, trees, or
stones, and stakes, at the corners ;- these
with the measurements are usually
fully, and definitely described and set
forth in the deed, and it is from them
we are to determine, how far the farm
extends.

But most of the land in this, State are
described in title deeds according to the
government survey, either in part or
whole. Should there be a difference in
the number of acres, stated in the deed;
and the number of acres, found by the
measurement, courses and distances,
within the bounds, (monuments) the
monuments will control the rest, and
determine the boundaries as well as
number of acres in the farm. The rule
then is where the monuments are per-
manent, and visible and certain they
control ; and when the courses and dis-
tances are found to differ from them,
the courses must be varied, and dis-
tances lengthened or shortened to com-
ply with the ascertained objects or
hounds (1 Doug 19, 14th Mich.

Of so much more importance are the
known boundaries, than the number of
acres (stated, that if the seller falsely
stated the number of acres in order to
deceive the purchaser. the purchaser
will have no redress, if the seller lion-
estly and truly pointed out the boun-
daries in making the sale (102, Mass,
217) while a fraudulent statement of the
boundaries would effectually annul the
sale, though the farm actually contained
more land than was stated, or .-iuppOS0(l
by eitner party (19th N. Y. 183).

Ifthe corner or boundaries be marked,
and known by iiionuments such as a
rock, tree or stump, or other similar ob-
ject, and the line runs to the object, it
extends to the center of it; if the line
is to a wall or fence, its true line passes
through the center of it, not by tne side
of it. If the farm be bounded on the
side by a stream or river. the grant car-
ries with it the bed of the stream to its
centre, unless a coiitrary intention
clearly appears from the conveyance
itself, (1 Mich. 2022) audit there be any
islands between the centre of the stream
and the bank, they belong to the owner
of the main bank.

But if the farm be bounded on one
part by a certain lake or pond, the line
stops at low water mark, and does not
extend into the lake; if it be described
to be, by the shore, (under the laws in
some States), the line will stop at high
water mark and will give no special
rights or prlviledges beyond that line.
Lakes and rivers that are navigable, al-
though they may not be used contin-
ually the public have a right to their
use, for such purpose; but they acquire
and have no right to the banks.

The law makes it a criminal offeiice
for any person to wilfully and inalie-
iously deface. dez-iti‘0y or remove, es-
tablished landmarks or nionunients that
denote the boundaries of farms, high-
ways, etc. lt will be perceived, there-
fore, the necessity of care being taken
to preserve the established landinarks.

The Mosaic law reads, “Cursed be he
that removeth his neighbors landmarks,
and all the people shall say amen.”
Also in Proverbs. “ Remove not the

old landmarks, and enter not into the.

fields of the fatherless.”

Having considered what are the legal
boundaries of a farm. I proceed to ex-
amine the question of

WHAT A DEED OF A FARM INCLUDES.

'- The deed of conveyance not only
transfers the land, but all the buildings
belonging to the vendor situated on it ;
the timber standing and fallen in the
woods and fences; but also the fencing
posts, rails, etc., which have‘ been once
used in fences, but taken down and
piled up for future use in the same place
(20 Hill N. Y. 142). Any new material
for fence, but never used, will not pass
by the deed, unless the same be dis-
tributed along the line, in readiness to
be put in to fence. Wood cut and corded
up for sale will not pass. Growing
crops and frulton the trees, and manure,
also pass by the deed unless they are
expressly reserved; a mere oral agree-
ment however, reserving them will not
be valid in law, (19 Ticketing 315). If
the intention is that they be reserved,
the reservation should be stated in the
deed, unless delivery of the deed and

possession of the land be withheld un-
til they can be removed by the vendor.
If there be any buildings on the farm,
built by and for the use, and in the pos-
session of a third party with the con-
sent, and permission of the owner of
the farm, the deed will not convey such
buildings, because such buildings are
the personal property of the builder,
and are not appurtenances, or part of
the reality in such case: they do not be-
long to the owner of the land to con-
vev. \fVith the buildings, the window
blinds if once attached, although at the
time away from the buildings for re-
pairs or painting, are included; not so
if the blinds are new, and have never
been fitted to the house.

The lightning rods on the house and
other buildings will go with the farm.
Pumps fastened to the house are a part
of itin law, (99 Mass. 459), kettles one
or more set in brick work, for cooking
food for cattle, and other farm purposes,
are conveyed by the deed as is the farm
bell, if there be one on the house or
other buildings (102 Mass. 54).

The deed should be signed and ac-
knowledged by the seller and his wife,
if he have one, in the presence of at
least two witnesses, and recorded in the
office of the Register of Deeds for the
county in which the land is located. A
deed takes effect immediately on de-
livery, and one without witnesses is
good in equity as a contract for the sale
of the land, and may be enforced.
(VValworth 260, N. Y.

I shall notice briefly in connection
with the forgoing topic.

}{O;\IES'1‘EAD EXEI\l’P’I‘IOl\'S.

By the constitution of this State, a
homestead to the value of fifteen hun-
dred dollars is exempted from execu-
tion, and cannot be taken for payment
of debts of either the husband or wife,
or both, except by their joint consent.
It may be mortgaged or sold by bus-
band and wife, if he have one: but the
husband cannot waive the right witli—
out the written consent of his wife,
and a deed executed by the husband
and without the wife’s signature would
be void—the object of the exemption
being as much for the protection of
the wife and family as for the husband.
(7th Mich, 488.)

A married man has the same right
in and power over, in all respects, her
real and personal estate she would
have if unmarried, and can deed, sell
and deliver the gsanie, and it is not es-
sential {although-best he should) that
her husband join her in or assent to
the deed, sale and delivery of the prop-
erty——(t5 Mich. 4571, 4 Mich., 6.)

I.\’Sl-'RAN(_‘l-l OF BUXLDINGS on TILE-
FARM,

“lnsurance is a personal contract,
and does not pass with the title of the
property insured, a change in title to
the property, the whole or part only
avoids the contract or policy; there-
fore whenever changes occur in the
title it is important to the purchaser,
that the policy of insurance be as-
signed to him immediately, and the
consent thereto obtained from the com-
pany or its authorized agent in writ-
llig.

Since steain is being applied so large-
ly and successfully as a motive power
in the operations-of the farm, especial-
ly in threshing grain and sawing
wood, the question of insurance of
farm buildings assumes an importance,
and receives more careful consideration
than heretofore, by both the assured
and insurer, the comparatively new
situation or condition seems to require
new provisions in the policy or con-
tract between the parties; and what-
ever the new provisions may be. it will
be well if the farmer be careful he does
not on his part violate tiiem or any of
them. In making any material and
permanent repairs, in any change of
occupancy, or in any change of conse-
quence in the heating or cooking ap-
paratus; the company or its agents
should be notified and consent ob-
tained in writing, for if the alteration
or permanent repairs be of such a char-
acter as to cause a material increase of
danger from fire, the policy of insur-
ance will be avoided. Further, the
farmer may by chargeable with gross
negligence and carelessness, if he do not
avoid his policy; if he allows ashes to
be stored in boxes or barrels in or out-
side his dwelling or sheds, and if he
have a kettle set in.brick or otherwise
for the purpose of cooking food for his
cattle or swine, he should see that it be
so placed as not to endanger the burn-
ing of his buildings, and" the same care
should be observed in using steam
power, and on other occasion Where it

is necessary to have fires outside of the
dwelling.

It is held by the courts that a l)0IicV
of insurance covers all loss which neé.
essarily follow from the occurriiig of a
fire, whether the injury arises directly
or indirectly from the peril, or necessa-
rily from incidental and surrounding

circumstances, the operation and influ.

ence of which cannot be avoided. (11_
Mich., 425.) ’

RIGHTS IN Tlll:J Hl(+ll\’V:\\'.

If in the deed, the farm be described
as bounded on one part by or upon the
road or highway, the farnier owns and
his line extends to the centre of the
roadway, and he may take or ilppropl-j.
ate to his own use all the grass, treeg-_

stones, gravel or sand, or anything of

value to him either on the land or
beiieath the surface, subject only to the
superior right of the public to an unob.
structed right of way, or the right to
travel over the road, and the right of
the proper public officer to the use of
such of the material as may be necessa-
ry to make and keep the road in repair,
and he may remove of the material
elsewhere for the repair of the road
but for no other purpose. No other
has a right to feed and pasture his cat.
tie, cut the grass or trees, or deposit his
wood, old wagons, saw-logs, 01‘ rubbish
of any kind thereon. (8, Mass”
57618, Allen 473.) The owner of a
drove of cattle which stops on the
road to feed, or a drove of hogs which
root up the soil, is as much liable at
law to the farmer as if they did the
same thing inside his fence.

Apples or other fruit on the trees Oi‘
fallen to the ground, nobody and no-
body’s children have the right to
gather and carry away, although the
tree may stand wholly outside the
fence.

No person lies the right to cut off tin-
limbs of your shade or fruit tn.-esiii
order to move any of his buildiiigs
along the highway, ('-lth Cusliing 371.:
If a person in the-road in front of your
land, use insulting and abusive lan-
guage, hc is liable to you as a trespasser
on your land, (lltli Barbour 390.) His
rights to the highway are to pass along
it in an orderly and becoming manner
—“the right to use the road, not to
abuse it.”

Notwitlistandiiig the farmer own-
the soil of the road, he cannot use it in
such a manner as to in any way ob-
struct or interfere with its use by the
public for travel: it has been dedicated
to the public for that purpose, but for
no other. He shall not obstructitby
leaving his wagons, logs, wood, farm
implements, pig-pens or any other ob-
struction outside his fence within the
limits of the road, without being liable
for any damage that a traveler may
suffer by coming in collision with any
such obstructions in the nightime,_but
may be lined for obstructing the high-
way. His fence must be put entirely

on his own land, and not half on the ,

road as in the case with line fences
between adjoining farmers; and the
proper officer will have authority to
compel him to remove it, if he do place
it over the surveyed line of the high-
way. Should the road be discontinued
the farmer may close it up, and use the
land as part of his farm. ,

( To be Continued ne.2:l nnmI;e*r,.~

Origin of Foolscap Paper.

Every kind of paper is known to the
stationers by its name, quarto post. 5
vo. post, foolscap, etc. The term f00i5‘_
cap, to designate a. certain kind of
paper, no doubt has puzzled in_a11.V “
young enquirer. The origin is 11°F
only amusing but historical. Charles
I, of England, granted numerous I110‘
nopolies for the support of the g0V9_1‘",'
ment. Among others: was the pl'iV1‘
lege of manufacturing paper. The
water mark of the finest sort wa-SW9
Royal Arms of England. The 00”’
sumption of this article was great at
this time. and large fortunes We"
made by those who had purchased the
exclusive right to vend it. This an10"g
other monopolies, was set aside by the
parliament that brought Charles t0 the
scaffold; and to show their contempl
for the king, they ordered the R03“
Arms to be taken from the paper» 5“;
a fool, with his cap and bells, t0 f
substituted. It is now over SWO hufia
dred years since the foolscap and be.“
were taken from the paper. but “UP
paper of the size, which the RiiInP P’
liament ordered for their JOHN“
bears the name of the water _I113‘u;
then ordered as an indignlti’
Charles.

 


Florida Letter.
mom DUDLEY w. spans.

In ante bellum times most of the few
inhabitants of south Florida were en-
gaged in cattle raising, and they ob-
tained their lands like other nomads.
Whenever it occurred to one of these
people that a new location and fresh
pastures woiild _be desirable, he would
load upon his primitive horse or ox-cart,
the family bake-kettle, hard-corn,_crack-
er, (hence the commdri appellation of
these people “cracker ) and other tri-
fling appurtences of a “cracker cabin,
which would not make a respectable
outfit for a hunter's camp. The wife
and a dozen—inore or less—-of flaxen-
headed “pledges” complete the load.
He “calls” his hunch ofcattle, mounts
his pony, and on goes thelittle caravan
for pastures fresh and scenes that are
new. When a Yankee calls  “cattle
he ejaculates the syllable “ko. k_0.
"k0l” without regard to tone or pitch
something like the exhaust of a freight
locomotive, a most unmusical and lu-
dicroiis noise. But when the true Flori-
dian rushes to gather his bunch of stock
he pours out on the morning or evening
air a stream of sound clear_ as a bugle,
and loud as a trumpet. Itrises and falls
in liquid cadences through an octaveor
more in the exact and harmonious in-
tervals of the gamut fifths, thirds and
sixths octaves, or single notes. The
power and sweetness of some of these
half-wild voices is wonderful. I have
heard at evening a “call” three miles
away, clear and sweet as an .7Eol1an
harp. The first time a northerner hears
this sound pouring and reverberating
through the greatpine forests, waking
the echoes, and givinglife to.the soli-
tudes, he listens with a delight. and
wonder he can never express. _ For my-
self I can say that after hearing it for
years I never fail to suspend _work to
listen. Its effect on the cattle is some-
thing magical. I was riding through
the pines with one of these cattle dri-
vers and I saw a quarter of a mile away
a scattered bunch of stock. Wishing
to see the affect of a “call” Isaid,
“Captain, give them the cattle call.”
The Captain was an expert. A stream
of music poured from his throat, clear
as liquid silver, and rolled away among
the pines. These half-savage, wild-
eyed, many colored cattle, instantly
stopped feeding, raised their heads like
startled-deer, and looked around for the
familiar sound. At the second call one
of them, apparently a leader, started
slowly toward us. The others moved
slowly towards the leader. As call fol-
lowed call the herd increased its speed,
and sion the whole crowd came rush-
ing toward us heads and tails erect like
it drove of buflfalo. The caravan we left
amomentago in pursuit of a fresh range,
will travel for days or weeks till a suit-
able spot is found, then stop, build a
house, deaden a piece of land and are
at “home.” Possession is their title.
In all this section such a title is con-
sidered good and universallv respected.
Such places are bought and sold by these
People. and such formalities as deeds
are always dispensed with as wholly
superfluous. The buyer pays the stipu-
lated price, takes possession, and his
title is perfect. The seller loads his cart
"‘calls ” his bunch of cattle, and is gone.’
The spot whichhad taken my fancy,
and the possession of which seemed
necessary to my temporal happiness
was owned by one of these men and
held by such a title. It was settled be-
l0ret e war and used mainly as a sea-
lfiland cotton plantation The owner
Was a staunch Union man but was

Orced into the army and perished in
Virginia, fighting against the flaw he
loved. The plantation chan ed hands
and I bought it from the last%wner ob-
mlulnll such a title as was customary
976- All these years Uncle Sam was
nilépy in the belief that he owned this
- e records in the Government
Land Ofiice showed our Un?:le’s title to
mg Bvfgplifises fto be perfect. So to humor
out of regard f(tl1l?el1l0Sl dvgentkblnantriagd
lfousers and bell- r enflrah t SI gut
him $1400 in law? (lwne at kshis
receipt ind posses iu nifinei,’ 00 ‘n a
°ltlzeu of the flovfegyllstalizs o$'c(I<‘Il:)lri§a
1 - . . °
‘m-V %i’:11;t1fi1£)é1flcpnpists mzgnlly ofhfirp:
mhigh and amp ronlirun er rus .f it
reaching an gel 5;_1‘(; png. stimeto
hundredf eva ion of at eas one
an unusutgclet glbovefhe lakes. Tléat 1%
ve twenty (eyagpn tfoiii Flori a. f
. " en y- ve _acres 0
congposed ofl Inga (>893;
. ca e . ame o
l‘:g£°. brametto, ggainliles, Sprlnish
r “W palmetto, brambles, Span-

l’°7°1|°t. muscadines, hickory, per-

TI-IE GRAN(¥fr." V1‘s1'ro1i..

simmon, &c.. &c. There is a piece of
march that will furnish an in-exhausti-
ble supply of muck. It fronts in half
mile on lakes Beauclair and Dora, and
the Oklawaha i'iver. The improvements
are a house, smoke-house and corn-crib,
all built of_pine logs. A half acre around
the house is inclosed with a rail fence,
and planted with orange and lemon
trees. About ten acres had been cleared
in the hammock, but was now growing
up to weeds and brush. About thirty
acres of pine land had years before been
deadened and planted to corn and cot-
ton. It was now covered with breorn
sedge, sandspurs, and other southern
weeds. Persimmon sprouts were taking
full possession. Short stumps and stubs,
tall stubs and naked trees of lightwood,
relics of the ancient pine forest, stood
all over the ground. This was inclosed
by a rail fence, and was called the “old
field.” At one time there had been a
house on it, and some old moss-covered
sour orange and fig and peach trees, in-
dicated the spot where the last race of
men had ltved. A great mound of sand
scattered over with human bones and
stone axes and broken pottery, told of
the pre-historic race that had lived and
loved and died on this spot. Along the
shore of the lake were shell mounds,
broken pots, flint arrows and chips of
flint, hinting in an unmistakable way
of the races that had preceeded us here,
and gazed in rapture at the same beauti-
ful scenes that enrapture me now. This
old field commenced near the lake and
sloped gently upward for about sixty
rods, at which distance from the lake it
reached an elevation of about seventy-
five feet. The lakes on the west and
northwest would give me a fine water
protection against the frosts that do
sometimes come even in south Florida.
The soil seemed to be eminently suited
to the growth of the orange and lemon,
so I selected this old field as the site of
my future grove. My predecessors, like
all others hereaway, had plowed and
hoed around these old stumps and dead
trees for an unknown time, and they
looked as though they would stand to
be plowed around for an indefinite time
in the future. Of course prairie horti-
culturist could never Work among and
around stumps, so I resolved as my flrst
step in Florida horticulture to clear the
old field of all obstructions, and make
it clean as prairie. The brown sedge
and sand spurs, and such trash, could
be killed with the plow. The persim-
mon sprouts could be easily grubbed up,
but as experience has sinceiaught me~—
not so easily killed. How to get rid of
these veteran and imperisliable light-
wood trees and stumps was the next
thing to be decided. To dig around and
chop them out by the roots was too se-
rious a matter. To pull them out bodily
would require machinery and power not
here accessible. I had seen such mag-
nificent fires of lightwood on the hearth
and cam p-fire that it occurred to me
they could be burned out with the great-
est ease and rapidity. Full of my new
idea I ‘repaired——all alone—to the old
field armed with axe, spade and match-
es. I cleared away a few inches of sand
from an ancient lightwood tree, split up
some pitchy kindlings, piled them in
the proper place, kindled them with a
match and then set down on a fallen
tree to witness my triumph over nature.
My splinters sprang into a splendid
flame at once. They wrapped and
twisted around the old trunk.
great dry pitchy tree began to blaze and
I was proudof my original and inven-
tive mind. I caught myself mapping
out an article for publication, instruct-
ing the natives how to clear old fields of
stumps. About this time the wood I‘
had piled up was nearly consumed. The
flames appeared less and less brilliant
and fierce. The pitch roasted out of the
old trunk was about burned up and a
sort of lampblack like coal covered the
surface. The fire did not seem to take
very kindly to that. My kindlings
were now all gone, and the fire went
black out. I soliloquized thusly: VVell,
old Baldy how is that for a triumph
over nature ? Don’t you think it would
be well enough to make some slight
changes in that article instructing the
natives how to clear old fields of stumps ?
What would Waukon Grange N033 say
to see their Worthy Master examining
a. smoky lightwood with such absorbing
interest? Finally, what ails the thing
anyhow? A careful examination of the
failure showed that as soon as the sur-
face of 9. lightwood tree becomes coated
with a thin covering of coal ‘and smoke
it will not burn, if alone. Where two
sticks are near each otherthey together
will burn till both aizeponsurned. This

showed me that these great trees could

The‘

crop may be pro

not be burned off‘ with a few little kind

lings, but I must apply some larger
pieces. I found, too, tnat at the surface
of the ground the collar of the tree
would be two or three times as large as
a foot or two above or below. Acting
on this discovery I dug a hole below the
collar of the stump, put in my kind-
lings, then rolled in chunks as large as
I could move. Slowly but surely the
fire gnawed away the wood till nothing
remained to fasten them to mother earth.
I dug and fired till night with all the
enthusiasm of a boy with a bran new
top. \Vhen I left, each hole received a
huge chunk of wood, and all were burn-
ing steadily, lighting up the darkening
sky with a lurid glare.——-llusbandman.

The Order in Maryland.

Worthy Master Moore writes to the
1Va!i'onat Grange Record as follows:

“Our greatest difficulty is the want of
interest, as shown by the individ-
ual members in attending the meet-
ings of their respective Subordi-
nate Granges. Many good and
true members of our Order at heart,
who would be almost insulted if told
the Order is dying, do not seem im-
pressed with the fact that the rank and
tile make the Subordinate Granges,
and that the most important duty of a
member is to be prompt and regular in
attending meetings. While I have no
more idea that the Order will die (any
more than Masonry), yet I am sure
if it ever even weakens, it will be di-
rectly attributable to this one cause-
lack of interest in attending the meet-
ings of the Subordinate Grauges. No,
one not familiar with the different sec-
tions of this State, can form an idea of
the good the Order has done for us in
its social features. In former times the
farmers of the different interests in our
State knew little of each other, and
even less of their respective modes of
their varied crops; besides this, we are
divided by the Chespeake Bay, cross-
ing which we find on the eastern shore
the garden spot of America. The
Order has brought all these differ-
ent interests into close and fraternal
relations, and through our State meet-
ings, we have become acquainted and
and learned to know and appreciate
each other. In short, the agricultural
interest in Maryland is united as it
never was before, and never would
have been but for our Order. VVe are
gradually learning the lesson that gen-
eral and individual prosperity are
closely united,and the future is grow-
ing brighter before us. In my next I
will tell of our business, for we have
made the Order pay.

Yours fraternally,
J os. T. MOORE, Master.”
#_,___.__jc_._.__

HOWELL, June 2, 1879.

Worthy Brother :

I feel it my duty to drop you a few
lines with regard to patronizing those
who work for our benefit, and more
particular with regard to Brother Otis,
manufacturer of rakes and grain cradles,
who has shut himself out from the usual
way of sale, by offering his stock to the
P. H. at wholesale prices. Brothers let
us each see that we buy none but his
make, and if we can induce some ofour
neighbors who are not Patrons to buy,
all the better. With regard to the quality
of his rakes and cradles, I can say, (be
having just delivered to me a full load
which 1 am to distribute to the different
Granges in the County,) that they are
first-class in every respect, and very
much cheaper than our hardware men
have been selling them.

A few lines with regard to what we
Patrons are doing in Livingston County,
and more particular Howell Grange,
No. 90. \Ve are alive all over; we have
shipped between thirty and forty thou-
sand pounds of unwashed wool, and ex-
pect to make two more similar ‘ship-
ments this season. Our Grange num-
ber something over one hundred, and
still they are knocking at the door. But
enough for the present.

Yours Fraternally,
V. J. Hour.

The Department of Agriculture re-
ports that the direct losses to sheep
owners by the ravages of dogs reach
$1,000,000 annually in wool and mut-
ton. The indirect loss in preventing
sheep husbandry in many districts, es-
pecially the South, and the consequent
waste of a large p)ercentage of the grass

_ ably placed at double
this s_u:_n a.nn,ually.,

Oatmeal.

Oatmeal, now found on almost every’
gentlenian’s breakfast table, was a few
years ago used exclusively by the Scotch
and the Irish. Dr Johnson whoin his
hatred of the Scotch, lost no opportuni-
ty of saying a bitter word against them,
defined oats as in Scotland food for
Scotchmen, but in England food for
horses. “Yes.” answerod an indignant
Scotchman, “ where can you find such
men as in Scotland, or such horsesas in
England?” VVe have heard of a shrewd
old ‘Scotch mother, who used to make
her family eat oatmeal first, saying,
“The bairii who eats the most porritch.
will get the most meat after it.” But
the bairn who gained the prize always
found himself too full to enjoy the meat.
It is mentioned in a. most charming
book, the Life and Letters of Lord
Macaulay, that Carlyle, catching sight
of Macaulay’s face in repose, remarked,
" VVell anyone can see that you are an
honest, good sort of fellow, made out of
oatmeal.” If oatmeal can .“ make "
such men as Walter Scott, Dr. Chal-
mers, and Lord Macaulay, we may well
heap high the porritch dish, and bribe
our children to eat of it. One thing
we do know, that it is far better for the
blood and brain than cake, confections,
and scores of delicacies, on which many
pale little pets are fed by their foolishly
fond mothers.

"The Queen’s Own,” a regiment of
almost giants, recruited from the Scotch
Highlands, are, as Carlyle, saidof Ma-
caulay, “made of oatmeal.” So boys
who want height, and breadth, and
muscle, and girls who want rosy cheeks
and physical vigor, should turn from
hot bread and other indigestibles, to
this “food for Scotchmen and horses.”
—E:;change.

Work On.

This time of the year, says the Can-
ada Farmer, we occasionally hear of a
Grange “ going into summer quarters,”
that is, dropping their meetings during
the busy season, as they say. No great-
er mistake than this could be made.
There is no time when the farmer needs
the Grange more than in the summer
season——just the time when we need an
occasional holiday, a day of recreation.
This is one of the objects of the Grange
to break up the proverbial isolation so
common to farmers’ lives, and no
pleasanter or more profitable recreation
can be had for farmers and their fami-
lies to meet in the Grange room once
or twice a month, and spend a few
hours together in social converse and
the necessary attention to Grange busi-
ness. Do not give up your Grange
meetings; do not let the good work
so nobly begun, falter for want of
attention; be up and doing while the
day lasts ; be active in your efforts;
whatever is worth doing at all is worth
doing well. Perseverance will accom-
plish great results.—Farmer’s Friend.

A PAPER published in Chicago, and
driving in the vicinity of agricultural
ideas, says of the Chicago board of
trade that it “is a curse to many of its
members, and it certainly is of the far-
mers.” The board of trade is no place

for farmers to speculate upon and deal _

in “ puts” and “ calls," or to buy
“long” or “short,” either. The far-
mer who indulges in that pastime de-
serves no sympathy; when he enters
upon that career. he ceases to be a far-
mer and becomes a board of trade gain
bler himself. But the Chicago board
of trade has been of incalculable bene-
fit to the agricultural industries of this
great western cogntry. It has made a.
quick market for all the products of the
farm, and has plaoeda fair value upon
them. Through it our great staples are
moved to the seaboard and the Con_ti-
nent, in one-twentieth" the time it
would otherwise require. Without it,
the farmer buying or selling upon this
market would be a he mercy of every
little broker and dealer, while values
would vary according to the credulity
of the farmer, the capacity of lying of
the broker, and the locality of both.
Suggestions, however, are fruitless
where the perceptive faculties do not
even exist.——Praz'rie Farmer.

THE smartest thing about enny man
iz hiz conscience; he may outrage his
reason, or stultify hiz faith, but he
cau’t beat hiz_conscience.

THE man who knows a thingpand
can tell it in the fewest words, iz the
hardest kind’ ov a man to heat in E
kross-examlnation.—Josh Billmga. _


  

   
 
 
 
 
 
  

  

4

 

THE GRAN G-E VISITOR.

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

SCHOOLCRAFT, JUNE 15, 1879.

fiirrctaryt flrpiirtment.

J. '1‘. COBB, - - SCHOOLCRAFT.

Oflicers and. members of Subordinate Granges
in corresponding with this office, will please
always give the Number of their Grange.

LEGISLATIVE WANDERINGS RE-
BUKED.

ALITTLE episode occurred in the
course of debate in the Senate Cham-
ber on the 26th of May, but three days
before the final adjournment of the
Legislature. As it relates to the Order
of Patrons of Husbandry, and as the
VISITOR is the representative organ of
that Order in this State, and its only
one, we are impelled byia sense of
duty to defend the Order when as-
sailed, no matter whether the attack
be made by men in high position or
low, in our halls of legislation, from
the pulpit, or by the press,—whether
prompted by mercenary or malicious
motives.

The Order of Patrons of Husbandry
is an existing fact. A fact that some
years ago forced itself upon the atten-
tion of the people in almost every
neighborhood and hamlet in the
United States from Maine to Florida,
and from the well-worn fields of the
East to the golden shores of the Pa-
cific.

The objects of the organization were
promulgated to the world in a “Decla-
ration of Purposes” so pure and noble
that it secured the love and admira-
tion of its friends, and was above and
beyond cavail or attack from its ene-
mies.

So wise and beneficent were the de-
clared objects of the Order, that good
men and true were attracted to its
standard, by hundreds and ‘thousands
all over the land; and true to its pur-
poses, so well expressed, have suc-
cessfully labored to advance this
greatest interest of the country—that
of agriculture.

On account of numbers, the agricul-
turalists themselves are of first impor-
tance.

For them and theirs was this Order
established, ' and circumscribed by
no narrow view, and with a broad
philanthrophy, the “general objects”
of the Order are tersely expressed in
these words: “ United by the strong
and faithful tie of agriculture, we mu-
tually resolve to labor for the good of
our Order, our county and mankind.
We heartily endorse the motto, “In es-
sentials, unity; in non—essentials, lib-
erty; in -all things, charity.”

Our specific objects are, “To develop
a better’ and higher manhood and
womanhood among ourselves. To
enhance the comforts and attractions
of our homes, and strengthen the at-
tachments tooour pursuits; to foster
mutual understanding and co-opera-
tion; to maintain inviolate our laws,
to emulate ‘each other in labor and to
hasten the; good time coming; to re-
duce our expenses both individual and
corporate; tobuy less and produce
more, in‘ order to make our farms self-
sustaining. To discountenance the
credit s stem. the mortgage system,
the fashion system, and every other
system tending to prodigality and

bankruptcy. _ '
we propose meeting together, talk-
ing together, working together, buying
together, se'll_i_ng together, and, in gen-
eral, acting together, for our mutual
1-otection and advancement, as occa-
sion may require. We_shall avoid
11 ' tion as much as possible by arbi-

tration in" the Grange-

, Grangers.”

We shall constantly strive to secure
entire harmony, good will, vital
brotherhood among ourselves, and to
make our Order perpetual. We shall
earnestly endeavor to suppress per-
sonal, local, sectional and national
prejudices, all unhealthy rivalry, all
selfish ambition.

Faithful adhesion to these princi-
ples will insure our mental, moral,
social, and material advancement.”

The tenor and spirit of the whole
document is fairly represented by
what we have q uoted This grand
“ Declaration of Principles,” immedi-
ately after its promulgation, by the
National Grange, in Jan., 1874. was
printed in every newspaper of import-
ance in this country. Thousands of
Granges were then in existsnce, and
were being established everywhere.
In Michigan alone, there have been
organized 637 subordinate Granges.
Prominent men of all shades of polit-
ical and religious opinions have joined
the Order, and have been, and still
are, in nearly every State in the Union,
actively engaged in promoting the
objects above recited.

And yet, in the face of all these
facts, and of still other facts, ‘ that the
Order has been true to its constitu-
tional restrictions, in not allowing po-
litical or religious influence to turn it
aside from its declared purposes—
that to-day more than a million of‘
the men and women of the United
States are on its rolls of membership-
that in Michigan the Order is 20,000
strong—that the organization has
crossed the border and is firmly es-
tablished in the neighboring provinces
of Canada'—that the’0rder is recog-
nized by the Agricultural Department
at Vlfashington, and is constantly in of-
ficial communication with it, and in
sympathy with its every effort to pro-
mote and encourage agriculture —that
the National Grange, when in session
in the City of Richmond,last Nov., was
recognized by the President of the U.
S.,and invited to call on him in a
body, which invitation was accepted,
and a pleasant and familiar conference
had—that in our own State for four
successive years several hundred of
the intelligent farmers of‘ Michigan,
with their wives, have annually con-
vened for council in its capitol build-
ing——that the Lieut. Governor, the
honored President of the Senate,

who had patiently listened to the
many windy harangues of its mem-
bers through all these weary months:
is a member of the Order, and for
years occupied a place on its Execu-
tive Board,—that at its last annual
session, held in the hall of the House
of Representatives of the new Capitol,
His Excellency, Gov. Croswell, and
all the other State oflicers, visited the
State Grange, and severally, in earn-
est speeches, complimented, in no
stinted phrase, the Order of Patrons
of Husbandry, for its earnest and sys-
tematic endeavors to advance the
great cause of agriculture—that one-
fourth of the members of the Senate
are Patrons—tha.t when Senate Bill
No. 238, “To regulate attorneys’ and
solicitors’ fees in mortgages and on
the foreclosure of the same,” was
under consideration on the 26th of
May, a member of the Order from one
of the most important counties in the
State was in the chair. We say that,
ignoring all these facts, an attack was
made upon the Order of Patrons, so
unexpected, so unjustifiable, and so
rude that it would be shirking a man-
ifest duty to let it pass by unnoticed.
Senator Shepard, of the 12th district,
was opposing the bill, and in the
course of his speech sneeringly re-
marked “that the petitions for the pas-
sage of this Bill all came from a few
He was followed by Sena.
tor Childs, who briefly stated that he
supposed that Grangers had the same

right to petition that other citizens of
the State had, and that the Bill itself
was not specially in the interest of
Grangers more than others. “Then
Bro. Childs took his seat, Senator
Brown, from the 11th district, got the
floor, and with more malice that dis-
cretion, put himself on the record as
hostile to the Order, by saying that
he “had great respect for the farmers
of Michigan, but for the Grangers,
whose work in secret council was un-
known to the outside world, he had no
respect whatever.” A few more re-
marks of like import relieved him of
a bitter speech, aimed only at the Or-
der.

Of course these Senators had a
right to sneer at and express their
contempt for the Grangers of Michi-
gan on the floor of the Senate cham-
ber. This has long been reported a
free country, and this unrestricted
freedom allows even Senators to disre-
gard the common courtesies of life and
wantonly affront a considerable num-
ber of their Bro. Senators, a very re-
spectable and influential portion of
their own constituents, to whom they
were indebted for the places they oc-
cupy, and the remaining thousands
of the Order in the State.

Now, what had the Grangers done
that made it necessary and proper for
the Senator from the 11th district to
inform the Senate that he had singled
them out from all the secret orders
found in the State that were to be de-
prived of the benefits and advantages
of his respect.

If this fact was of any sort of
consequence, either to his Bro. Sena-
tors who Were Grangers, to the Senate
itself, or to the Order at large, the
Hon. Senator should not have with-
held the announcement so long.

The winter had come and gone, the
spring was well nigh spent, the last
hours of‘ the session were in sight, and
through all these weeks and months
of legislative labor no Senator had
said a Word of good or ill, about the
Grange. The Senatorial Granger had
in no instance asked for a single favor
for the Order, or in any way thrust
it upon the attention of the Senate,
but these two gentlemen could not
think of returning from the field of
senatorial labor, and parting with
their Granger associates, without this
public expression of‘ their contempt
for the Order.

The State Grange, at its last ses-
sion determined that legislation was
needed upon certain subjects, and in-
structed its Secretary to prepare and
distribute for signature petitions
which should suitably express the ob-
jects sought to be attained. No one
of the -several subjects is of more in-
terest to Patrons, than to other citi-
zens of the State, and to each petition
signatures were sought and obtained
from those outside the Order as well
as from Patrons. The Order set on
foot this effort to get an expression
from the people in relating to desired
legislation, and supported by those
outside the gate who concurred in
this view, presented by petition, in a
respectful manner, through its repre-
tatives at Lansing, its well considered
opinions of‘ the needs of the people
of the State. But one or two of the
bills covered by the petitions were
passed, and it is a fact to be deplored
that all those bills that our lawyer
friends in the Legislature were hostile
to, were defeated, showing that farm-
ers, even those Who get into the Leg-
islature, are ready, as of old, to follow
the lead of some lawyer, no matter
how much at variance with the best
interests of the farming class that lead
may be. »

This bill, No. 238, which was re-
ported by this famous Senate Judici-
ary Committee on the 23rd of May,

was apparently in place of one intro-

duced by Senator Childs early in the
session, which graduated the attorney
fee in foreclosure of mortgages from
$10 to $75. Senator Childs’ bill was
never heard from, after its reference
to the Committee, but months after
the following beautiful specimen of
legal wisdom was reported, discussed
and passed by the Senate with some
amendments:
A BILL

To regulate attorneys and solicitor’s
fees in mortgages and on the foreclosure
of the same.

SEC. 1. The People of the State of
Michigan enact that the agreement
contained in any mortgage or real estate
hereafter made, by any Inortgager or
mortgagers to pay an attorney’s or
solicitor’s fees upon the foreclosure of
said mortgage shall be legal and bind-
ing, and the same may be taxed as a
part ofthe costs of the foi'eclosuro pro-
ceedings in all cases of foreclosure by
advertisement or in chancery as the
case may be: Provided that the
amount ofsaid attoi'ney’s or solicitor’.-i
fees shall not exceed tweiity-fiveiloilais
in any mortgage of fivelhundred dollars
or under; thirty-five in mortgages for
over five hundred dollars and not ex-
ceeding one thousand dollars: Provid-
ed, no attorizcj/s or solicitvr’s fee shall
be collected, ‘received or taxed unless an
attorney at law or a solicitor in chan-
ceryforecloses the mortgages.

Just in what shape it passed the
Senate is a matter of no consequence,
and we refer to it only to call atten-
tion to the last proviso of the bill as
having the ear mark of the Judiciary
Committee of the 30th Legislature of
Michigan.

’.l.‘his Committee it seems cannot
learn that the people of this State
have sense enough to know thata
prefessional man is by rule of right
entitled to five times as much for a
given service as an “experienced
non-professional man” for the same
service, as in bill No. 168.

We find a few weeks later this same
committee propose to have enacted
that for certain specific work an at-
torney shall be entitled to receive
from $25 to $100, but for the same
service rendered by any other person
“ No fee shall be collected, received
or taxed.”

“ Whom the Gods destroy they
first make mad.” These gentlemen
of the Committee may not have been
mad, and they need not invoke the
aid of the Gods. Such exhibitions
of class legislation cannot be over-'
looked or forgotten by the people of
Michigan, and, if remembered, will
the business of legislation be entrust-
ed again to these men? ‘

I understand the legal gentlemen in
the two houses were nearly all op-
posed to this innovation upon an es-
tablished usage which has permitted
a sort of robbery all these years.

Pick up any County paper and look
over the mortgage sales advertised
and it will be found the attorney fee
for foreclosures, is seldom less tl1a_I1
$30, no matter how small the princi-
pal amount secured may be.

We can understand why lawyers

the matter of compensation unre-
stricted, but we cannot see why other
parties should‘be averse to fixing
some limit to the rapacity of that
class of lawyers who want the lions
share every time they get a job.
THE Patrons of Mich. need not be
told that Bro. Childs joined the Ordel‘
early, that he has spent time, money
and strength in establishing and
maintaing its existence in the State,
and advocating its claims among the
people. He was, of course, surprise
to find that more than one Senator
was ready to speak sneeringly and
disparingly of the Order, in the face
of the fact, that the Order was 110‘
Onlv well represented by members 011
the floor, but in talent the Grange?“
were intellectually the peers of their

 

who are usually employed to fore— _
close mortgages should desire tolefwe -


fellow-members, and had not at any

i time shown such weak wickedness as

had been exhibited by the legal gen-
tleman of the Judiciary Committee.

Stung by the ill-timed remarks of
those Senators who had gone out of
their way to express their contempt
for the Granger farmer, Bro. Childs,
in his clear and earnest manner,
pointed to the fact that the Grange
had in no instance during the session
asked for special legislation, while
other secret orders had; that the
Order was more important in point of
numbers than all the others combined;
that its expressed objects were eleva-
ting and eiinobling, and therefore ad-
vantageous not only to its members,
but to the educational and agricultur-
al interests of the State; that in pre-
senting petitions, its members had
exercised a right held in common
with their fellow citizens, and that
the objects sought to be accomplished
were in the interest of 2/iepeople of
the State. .

From what we learned from his
fellow Sentators, Bro. Childs vindica-
ted the ()rder, and rebuked its ene-
mies so effectually in one of his best
efforts of twenty minutes, that they
were quite willing to leave him master
of the situation.

THE NATIONAL LECTURER ON
HIS MICHIGAN TOUR.

The season of picnics has come
again, and the Grangers have taken
to the groves with their well-filled
baskets and boxes, bottles and ber-
ries, cans and cucumbers, and every
other good thing that larder or cellar
contains, or garden or field produces,
for family or friend.

Our first venture of 1879 into this
inviting field of enjoyment was at
Coldwater on the 11th inst.

Our Branch County friends are
noted for doing some things well, and
when the Order of Patrons of Hus-
bandry had taken root in that Coun-
ty, they had a County pic-nic near
Coldwater the first year, and it be-
came at once an established institii—
tion. The success of their effort in
this direction enticed us there two
years ago to participate in the pleas-
ures which come of the commingling
of friends under favorable circum-
stances.

With these people, to resolve to do
anything, is to determine and fix: the
result before hand, and we accepted
an invitation to be present with them
on their sixth annual picnic with en-
tire confidence that the picnic would
be a success, and that we should have
a good time.

Taking the G. R. & I. at Vicksburg
at7:3O P. M, Tuesday, the 10th, at
half-past eight we were at the home of
Bro. Hamilton, of Sturgis.

We were handsomely entertained
for the night, and found our host and
hostess excellent Grangers. Bro. H.
Was easily prevailed upon, to go to
Coldwater with us by freight train on
the morning of the 11th. We arrived
at the grounds before 12 o’clock, and
finding Bros. Whitehead, of New
Jersey, and Mickley and Moore, of

“all. and an array of organs and
W18 and music books, with their
°P<_’-mtors all on the ground, we were
‘llllte sure of the speeches, and the
V0ca_l and instrumental music so es-
sential to a first-class Grange picnic.
18 enough to say of the supplies
f°" the inner man, that it was a

"Inge picnic.

18 annual gathering of Branch
ouuty_ Patrons like all that have pre-
ceeded it was a. success.

The speech of Bro. Whitehead was
11°‘ 33-lengthy as he would have made

not his voice failed after talking

'°".‘°“‘ thirty minutes and he was
°bl‘8ed to desist. ’

TI-IE GRAN  VISITOR.

VVhile on the ground we met sev-
eral of our old friends, pioneers in
Grange work in this part of the State,
still faithful to the principles of the
Order, doing, and always ready to do,
good work for the cause of the far-
mer.

A slight shower at the close of the
speech-making, drove us into the
Hall of Coldwater Grange, but a few
rods from the grove. ‘Vs there had a
very pleasant visit with Sister Horton,
Secretary of the Grange, and other
members, many of whose names were
familiar through past correspondence.

In company with our speech-malv
ing Brothers VVhitehead, Mickley and
Moore with Bro. Hamilton, of Sturgis,
we accepted an invitation from Bro.
Pierce to tea, and certainly had no
occasion to regret it.

As we could not get away from
Coldwater until midnight— we all
made a long merry evening in the
pleasant parlor of our host. More
favorable circumstances for enjoying
the social features of the Grange. I
have seldom met. Bro. and Sister
Pierce, made us all feel quite at home,
and we shall long remember their
cordial hospitality.

Coldwater is a beautiful little city.
Its fine fast horses—-the art gallery of
Mr. Lewis, one of its wealthy citizens,
and the State Public School are its
most noted features. This Public
School, is a State charity of a pioneer
character of which the citizens of the
State who are acquainted with its
objects and work are justly proud.
VVith all its beauty and excellence we
have never found Coldwater agood
town to get to, and get away from by
rail. With Bro. Whitehead we were

' Off for Pigeon at midnight, where just

before two a. m., We were in bed sub-
ject to call to leave at six in the morn-
ing. Brother \Vhitehead was on his
way to Berlin. Ottawa County, ten
miles west of Grand Rapids, where
he must be at noon to help the Grang-
ers of Ottawa and Kent Counties, take
care of a pic nic dinner and give them
a Grange speech.

From the report of the_ meeting
which he gave us at Kalamazoo the
next day, we are satisfied it must
have been a grand success. An eve-
ning meeting lasting until midnight,
and then a. ride to Grand Rapids by
carriage with Bro. VVhitney, brought
his hour of going to bed about where
it was the night before, two in the
morning.

Following the line of his appoint-
ments, Bro. Whitehead arrived at
Kalamazoo at 10 o’clock, Friday, the
13th, and we were glad to find him
feeling apparently as well as though
he worked days and slept nights, as
every man should, but as a public
man in this fast age cannot.

The Kalamazoo meeting was not as
large as it should have been, but
made up of the more earnest Grang-
ers of the County, and a goodly num-
ber of the citizens of the “big vil-
lage,” those who were there had a
better opportunity to hear a first-rate
speech of an hour and a half from
Bro. Whitehead. Listening patiently
for that hour and a hall, we saw sev-
eral of our most prominent citizens—
bankers, lawyers, and others, and the
undivided attention and quiet which
prevailed gave unmistable evidence
of the interest taken by those who
heard, and was highly complimentary
to the speaker. Bro. Whitehead is a
very rapid speaker, and says a great
deal in an hour and a half. His effort
at Kalamazoo was pronounced a suc-
cess by all, and gives us assurance
that he is doing a good work wherever
he goes. .

From Kalamazoo, Bro. W. went to
Cassopolis, and as Bro. Whitney has
not sent us his appointments for the

remaining few days he has in Michi-

gan, We cannot give notice only that
Muskegon and Ionia are on the pro-
gramme for future work.

His time is all engaged till August,
and the most of that month. He
told me that he could put in a week
in Michigan in August, if application
is made soon. .As this whole matter
has been in the hands of Bro. Whit-
ney, any localities that desire to hear
a good speech from Bro. \Vhitehead
in August, should apply soon. '

 

Blanks for Secretaries’ Quarterly
Reports will be sent before the 1st of
July next to all Secretaries in the
State whose names and addresses are
found on our printed list of Masters
and Secretaries for 1879.

VVe cannot send to those who have
neglected to report such officers—and
there are several such in Granges that
are in good, working order.

VVe have supply of Proc‘s of the Nat.
and State Grange sessions of ’78, for the
Masters of these delinquent Granges.

IT has been proposed that an ex-
cursion might be arranged for Mich.
Patrons to attend the next session of
the National Grange at Canandagua,
N. Y., in November next. Let us
hear from our friends on this subject.

Qlummnnicatiuus.

The Question of Appeals.

Bro. J. T. Cobb:

As this question is being discussed in
the VISITOR, perhaps the experience of
other States may throw some light on
the subject. '

In Maryland Justices of the Peace
have exclusive jurisdiction in all civil
cases where the amount does not exceed

$50, and concurrent jurisdiction with"

the Circuit Courts in all cases between
$50 and $100. For all sums above that
the Circuit Courts have exclusivejuris-
diction. They also have jurisdiction in
assault and battery cases, with right of
appeal.

From the decisions of magistrates an
appeal lies, if taken within 60 days, to
the Circuit Court, but from its decision
there is no right of appeal. Before an
appeal can be heard in the Circuit
Court there must be a bond given by
the appellant with:“ good and sufficient
sureties” to secure the costs in the ap-
pellate court, and to secure a speedy
trial it is further ordered that the bond
and all the papers in the case must be
filed with the clerk of the Circuit Court
ten days before the commencement of
its term, or it will not be then heard;
but the failure to do this only postpones
the hearing three months, or next term,
that being the interval between the
terms of the Circuit Courts.

The result of this law is that most of
the appeals are tried at the first term of
the Circuit Courts, a few run over to a
the second term, and it is a rare case
that they stay on the docket over a
year.

There is, however, a growing disposi-
tion among thinking men to abridge
this right of appeal, if possible, more
than it now is, in consequence of the
expense to the County from keeping
the members of the petitjury in attend-
ance during the trial of them, though
their services are rarely required. It is
possible to accomplish this by the ap-
pointment of magistrates from a better
class of men than is now the rule. ’

As to any other mode, the objections
are numerous. Could the law points
involved be alone transmitted for re-
view, it would be far better, but this
seems impossible, as magistrates are
incapable of framing them correctly, in
the absence of counsel in most trials of
this kind here. A. E. A.,

Master of No. 38, of Md.

The great excursion from Kalamazoo
to Grand Haven,‘ and" a thirty mile
steamboat ride on Lake Michigan,
leaves the G. R. & I.‘ R. R. depot_on
Tuesday, July 1st, at 7:50 A. 31., taking
passengers as far north as Wayland-
Tickets only $1.50 for round trip, -and
the boat ride free to any who purchase
tickets on or before Saturday, June 28,
after that date 50 cents extra will be
charged for boat ride. See large post-

em for full particulars.

Worthy Brother Cobb :
Some time ago I felt impelled by a.

sense of justice to briefly correct some

slight errors ofjudgment that my es-

teemed Bro. J. C. English seemed to
have fallen into, in regard to certain

action of the State Grange. The Bro.

returns to the attack in the VISITOR of"
June 1st, with iiicreased zeal, if not dis-
cretion. He says that he is disposed to
accept my judgment as correct in re-
gard to the confused state of mind with
which his article was inspired. And
that the great cause of this is indiges-
tion with all of its attendant evils, and
this is caused largely by indulging in
late suppers, &c. I regret to hear this,
and sincerely hope that the Bro. will do
so no more. He ought L()(‘.:tl'e for his
health. The laws of God and man de-
mand this of all. Society needs him,
and his labors for its good. The Grange
has high claims upon him. I write this
in sincerity and Brotherly l{lll(lIl€S.‘\.
But his last communication bears inter-
nal evidence that he has not fully re-
covered from his confused slate of mind,
and it is fair to presume that the same
causes still exist. He has some how
mixed up plows, oysters, Stale Grange
members of the Legislature and eligi-
bility of election to the State Grange in
one confused mess. To his last intima-
tion I desire to call attention. I have
often heard the subject he touches upon
discussed by other excellent members
of the Order. I am not Master in a
Grange, and can write of this subject

without being vulnerable to a charge of‘
For some years I have.

self-interest.
been called upon to discharge the du-
ties of
Grange.
mation, am not eligible to election as a

Delegate to the State Grange. This is.

a mistake, I am, and so is every other

fourth degree member in good standing‘

in the State. It is true, this requires a
dguble election, one as Master, and one
as delegate. But there is no more fa’-
voritisni on that account.

It may be a matter of favor to elect a
member Master, but all are eligible to
receive this favor. When a Master is
elected, it isjust as much his right to be
in the way of an election to the State
Grange as it is to call the Grange to or-
der and preside over its deliberations.
This is one of the rights and duties con-
fered by his election. This is not only
the law of the Grange, but it is good
righteous law.

His official position requires him to
be the medium of imparting instruction
to his fellow laborers. He is and should
be the man to attend the session of the
State Grange, and there receive instruc-
tion so that he can impart it, with zeal
to his Grange. W'e should all be in
confusion, confounded, if for instance
the Secretary of our Grange should be
elected delegate and come home and‘
assume the rights and duties of Master-,._

and undertake to impart the annual-

word and other things that the Master
alone should impart.

I desire to say to Bro. English, and all
other good Brothers and Sisters every-
where, it is time we dismissed some-
childish notions, and not imagine we see-
a ghost where there is no ghost, nora
trap where there is no trap. There are-

_real difficulties and danger, enough to-

confroiit us without drawing upon our.-
imagination for any more.
Frateriially,
Mich., June 10th, 1879.

M. E. C..

Breeding Trotting Horses.

Rural New Yorker. »

Gradually it begins to get into the
mind of the average farmer that rais-
ing trotting horses doesn’t pay. At
least for him. It may pay somebodv,
-—but that somebody is not himself.
”1‘is true the papers say that Joker has
been sold for a thousand or more : but-
youug Dexter, now five years old, that
has never earned a cent, but has a very
“proinisiiig gait,” has not been sold.
“The price for such a pace is low—iiot a.
bagateile of its true worth. Such a.
stepper as he is worth $500. VVhy, peo-
ple ought to snap him at that figure.
He will go some of these days when a
man who can appreciate him comes
along. Why I should not be surprised
if he brought several thousand yet-
See what Boiiiier pays, and t-his cult
isa. grandson of l.-Iamoletoniaii.” And
so the delusion is kept up" until young
Dexter “eats himself up" several times
and the skeleton buggy is worn out,
and then in despair and disgust he
sells him for $12-5—all he is worth-and

tlie trotter goes into the horse market ~

and wears out before a light wagon, or
perhaps a street car.

in

- . - .  - __,.-_..._..,' ___.___....v .....__a._........

Secretary in a Subordinate-
According to the Bro.’s inti-.

 

 

 

 

 


TI-IE GRANGE VISITOR.

Wm. G. Wayne.

When a man is singled out by his fel-"t
lows to perform service for them there
is in the act recognition of superior
ability of qualities that inspire confi-
dence. If the designation be made bya
great body of citizens the man so se-
lected becomes in some sense a public
character, and the circumstances and
incidents_of his life have general inte-

rest. Although he may have moved
along the monotonous way of common
experience all his days, when he is called 3
out in the service of his fellows, they
have especial interest in his previous
career. For such reasons a few facts
concerning the life of \Vm. G. Wayne
will be gratefully received by many
thousands of readers whose representa-
tive he is in the high otfice, Master of
the New York State Grange.

, Wm. G. Wayne was born in the town
of New Scotland, Albany county, N. Y.,
where his father was born and reared a
farmer. His paternal grandfather, An-
thony Wayne, came from Darbyshire,
England, about the year 1770, long
enough before the revolt of the colonies
against the tyranny of his sovereign, to
be imbued with the spirit of indepen-
dence. In the beginning of the war,
even before the battle of Bunker Hill,
his sympathies were plainly declared,
and at the first opportunity his lot was
cast with the defenders of their homes
with whom he was thenceforth thor-
oughly identifled. After peace was re-
stored he sought a home in New Scot-
land where he obtained three hundred f
and sixty acres of the Van Rensselear 3
estate for which he engaged to pay an
.annual rent of sixty-six bushels of
wheat, one load of wood, fitted for use
;as fuel, and four fat fowls. These pay-
ments to be made every year, constitu-
.ted the condition of the title by which
he and his descendants were to hold the
iland, according to the peculiar phrase in
tthe lease “as long as grass grows and
water runs.” There were, however,
certain reservations including mines,
minerals, water privileges, and one-
quarter of the price paid whenever the
farm or any portion of it was sold, these
conditions to remain perpetual. On that

farm Anthony Wayne reared his fami- 

ly, his son George, the father of William,
succeeding in the possession and work-
ing under the conditions of annual pay-
ments as his father did before him.
There Wm. G. Wayne was born to an
inheritance of labor upon which was
atfixed before him the royalty of lordly
ownership. In 1785 Anthony \Vayne
gave from the farm a half acre of land
for educational uses. Upon it there was
erected a rude structure, the country
school-house, where William _received
his early education, in fact his whole
knowledge of the branches then taught
no fgrmers’ sons in the only schools to
which they had access. At the age of
sixteen he sought mechanical employ-

} in embryo.

ment as a means of giving him more
profit than attended farm la_bor. His
school education was then finished, and
he began to look forward to the posses-
sion of a farm, the price of which should
‘icome out of‘his own ‘earnings. To _at-
~'tain this great object he worked persist-
uitly many years as a mechanic.

Soon after he had attained his majori-
ty he took recount of affairs at home.
and came to the conclusion that fortune,
if she visited him there, would be slow
in coming, and he would, therefore, go
out to meet her. VVith this resolution he
started westward on a tramp. Some place
would be found where work would bring
full reward. From the head of Seneca
lake, whither he had proceeded by boat,
he struck over the hills to Coming on
foot, thence to Dansville, Livingston
county. Along the latter half of the
route were magnificent pine forests
hardly worth working into lumber, for
there were no means of transportation
to market. Danville offered no pros-
pect to the young adventurer, so he
went forward to Le Roy, where he ob-
tained work for a short time, and again
took the line of march, this time to
Brockport, where he engaged passage
by canal to Buffalo; thence by the lake
he went to Detroit, and after tarrying a
few days there, he went on to Chicago,
then a small village, with no appear-
ance of future greatness. There was
nothing to make prolonged stay de-
sirable, so he went forward, with Mil-
waukee the next objective point, thence
to Madison, or rather the spot where
Madison now is, the town then being
The whole route from Mil-
waukee to Madison was through a
wilderness unbroken, except at inter-
vales -were scattered a few hardy pio-
neers whose log cabins and patches of
cultivated land aflorded the only evi-
dences of civilization. All this travel
was mere wandering which gave no
tangible profit. The young man passed
many spots where patient waiting, with
work enough to earn bread and raiment,
would have seated him in the very lap
; of fortune, but he was not gifted with
‘that prescience. Returning to Michi-
I gan he spent some time visiting vari-
ous portions of the State then budding
into greatness, after which he retraced
,his steps to New York, where with
varying fortunes, his labor brought
small accumulations with the years of
steady application. Finding at last a
field of greater promise in a foundry at
Havana, he invested his savings in the
purchase, and pursued the business sev-
eral years, until a better opening was
seen in Cayuga county to which he
; changed his residence, and established
 business connections which brought
competence and at last the coveted pos-
session of a farm for which the long
struggle had been sustained.

While in Cayuga county, Mr. Wayne
 was twice elected Supervisor in the town
of Aurelius, each time the nomination
being given by the political partyin the
minority. The choice was made by the

 

. ,,..

people, the fitness of the candidate be-
ing the sole reliance for votes. Here,
too, Mr. Wayne became interested in
the establishment of a hospital for the
insane, and, associated with others,
founded the institution known as Brig-
ham Hall at Canandaigua. From the
beginning he has been on its Board of
Managers, and for the last three years
its President. Brigham Hall is widely
known asaquiet and safe retreat, for
men and women with reason dethroned,
hence its patronage is chiefly drawn
from families that desire for their un-
fortunate members tender and home-
like treatment, supplemented by the
highest medical skill. Mr. Wayne’s
connection has been with the business
management alone, it is true, thecare of
theinmates being given to gentlemen
of the highest rank in the medical pro-
fession; but the harmony and cordial
co-operation, existing without interrup-
tion in the Board, has been the founda-
tion of the great success the institution
has attained.

Early in 1874 the New York State
Grange had a meeting in Albany. The
first after the organization a few months
before. A subordinate Grange had been
organized at Seneca Falls, of which Mr.
Wayne was made Master, a position
which entitled him to a seat in the Al-
bany meeting, a body comprising near-
ly two hundred delegates from about
thirty counties of the State. In all the
list there was perhaps less than a score
of members who had even slight per-
sonal acquaintance with him. But by
a sort of blind wisdom—if it were not a
happy chance-—he was selected to serve
at the head of the Executive Committee,
a position of extreme importance, for
upon the wise management of affairs
entrusted to that committee, the very
existence of the Order depended. This
position was held four years, when Mr.
Wayne was advanced to the higher of-
fice, Master of the State Grange, which
he now holds.

As a farmer. Mr. Wayne holds high
rank, to which he is justly entitled by
the skill and intelligent treatment given
to the various branches of farm manage-
ment. Ocupying a farm delightfully
located on the west shore of Cayuga
Lake, which with the fields beyond,
makes a pleasing view from the old-
fashioned mansion, his home has rare
attractions in the surroundings; but
within is the charm. VVitli a family of
sons and daughters mostly grown to
manhood and womanhood, true to the
obligations resting upon well-ordered
life there is the solace of years passing
into the shadow of age.

Although lacking the methods of
rhetoric, Mr. Wayne is an exceedingly
terse and vigorous writer. His address
delivered at the recent session of the
State Grange, has been widely copied
and approved asa paper marked by orig-
inal thought and great boldness of ex-
pression. Like all his writings it shows
directness; the straightest paths to the
objects souglit affording the strongest
enticement to his pen. As a speaker
he is earnest and effective, compensat-
ing the lack of polished oratory by the
charm of honesty which captivates sym-
pathetic listeners.

Basis of the Order.

Worthy Master Wayne, of the New
York State Grange, in an address lately
delivered, said:

The industry upon which our Order
is based isvagriculture—the most impor-
tant of all industries—the foundation
and support of all others—the true basis
of our national prosperity. We have
observed the condition of our people
and viewed with alarm the en-
croachments upon their natural rights.
While agriculture is the chief'source
of all wealth, and therefore deserving
of at least equal recognition with other
vocations, it is deprived of its just re-
wards and oppressed by methods of
law. It is made to bear grevious bur-
dens not its own; it is compelled to
pay taxes which an equitable distribu-
tion would place elsewhere; it is forced
by wicked combinations to submit to
hurtful discriminations against its pro-
ducts, both in transportation and in
the marts of sale; its votaries have
been and are now, denied that consid-
eration in public affairs to which the
magnitude and importance of their
calling entitled them. The laws of the
nation and of the several States are so
framed as to divert from our great in-
dustry the rewards which are the great
incentives to-toil,‘ and our earnest re-
monstrance against the injustice is
spurned. .

fllnmmuuimtimzs.

Co-Operation.

Bro. J. T. Cobb .-

The great principle of co-operation is
being recognized as underlying the
foundations of society, in all its variety
of forms. Life, in all of its phases and
forms of existence, is one of mutual de-
pendence, which we cannot ignore.
“ None liveth to himself."

However much men may talk of inde-
pendence, there is really no such thing.
All are dependent upon each other, as
also upon the Great Author of all good.
God said in the very beginning of the
human race, “ It is not good for man to
be alone.”
serted was then, is now, and ever will
be true. Man's nature demands, and
he must have the society and the assist-
ance ol others.

Exile beyond the limits of our species
would be the severest punishment man
could possibly suffer. \Ve are absolutely
dependent upon others for all we hope
to possess or to enjoy in life, and so
fully so that life could not be sustained
independently. But I do not propose
to discuss the question of life’s depend-
encies in this paper, but to consider its
applicability to the P. of H.

'l‘he Order seeks to unite those who

possess interests in common, in fra-
ternal relations. The want of some
bond of union, and affiliation among
farmers had long been felt and seriously
deplored. Every possible advantage
was taken of their unorganized condi-
tion to oppress them, until they became
the helpless victims of organized dis-
honesty and fraud. Acting upon the
defensive, they were forced to organize
and co-operate for their own protection
and defence. Hence the Grange move-
ment among farmers. Its objects are
to elevate and dignify labor, and make
agriculture more honorable and remu-
nerating as a branch of business ; to dis-
cuss and compose plans and methods of
work : to study the varieties of soil and
their adaptation to different crops; to
better understand the demands and con-
dition of the markets; to lessen the
cost of transportation, and to equalize
taxation; to oppose class legislation,
and prevent cruelty to men and ani-
mals; to relieve the burdens and trials
ofdomestic life, and beautify and embel-
lish home and its surroundings; to ele-
vate our sons and daughters to a higher
standard of education, embracing the
useful in art as well as the ornamental.
Such, in brief outline, are some of the
principles upon which we invite co-op-
eration. If they are successful, they
will remodel the basis of the commercial
system, and change the methods of bus-
iuess. They will develop a higher
philanthropliy, a nobler manhood and
womanhood. They will lighten the
toils and burdens of life, enhance its
pleasures and comforts, and strengthen
the bonds of friendship and love. ‘A
work so great and so comprehensive lll
its objects and designs can only beac-
accomplished by united, combined and
continued effort. There may be failure
and defeat in some of our engagements
with the enemy, but still he must be
pursued, until pressed to final Capitula-
tion. _ _
, Success depends only upon the wis-
dom of our plans, and the zeal and en-
ergy with which they are executed.
’l‘he embodied wisdom of the whole
farming community should be con-
densed and utilized for this noble work.
Grange halls should become council
emporiums for the masses, in which to
discuss plans and devise means and
methods for the agressive work, so well
began and so promising of future re-
sults,—the work of elevating themselves
as a class to higher rank and position
in all that is essential to businessand
social success in life, is worthy oftltney
talent and money. No price possible
for them to pay,is too costly an offering
upon this altar.

Co-operation is more needed in pill‘
halls of council at the present time
than in outside commercial circles.
The incipient period of our existence
has not yet passed away. Although
much has been done to justify the W_|S'
dom of the organization and indicate its
brighter future,—yet what may not be
anticipated, when a united agriculture
shall be marshalled and drilled for this
service.

Comparatively, as yet, very few W11039
interests are identical have pledged
themselves to the work of redemption.
Perhaps less than 15 per cent of the
whole number have accoinplished Ill

 

 

The principle which he as- -


fi|

  
  

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

7

that has been done, and this too with
an imperfect organization and undrilled
forces in the field. What is needed at
present is a united farming interest, on
the part of the whole, to elevate and re-
deem the profession from the evils
which so heavily oppress it. .

Until this desirable object is reached,
we urge the claims and principles of
the P. of H. upon the consideration and
attention of those outside of our gates.
In vain will be your complaints and
dissatisfaction,with oppressive taxatlolli
high rates of interest, of unremunera-
tive labor and class legislation, of the
oppressive power of monopolies and
high rates of freight tariff; while you
refuse your influence and aid for re-
dress.

Long established customs, laws, and
business usages cannot be 9_aS|ly
changed. There must _be discussions,
public opinion must be influenced, laws
amended or annulled, and the whole
system of business and commerce re-
vised' This involves united effort. It
will cost energetic work, time _and
money, and years of patient waiting
for the slow developme_nLs of progress.
Yet, the right will finally triumph,
however severe _the battle may rage;
and none can rejoice in the victory as
those who have warmly engaged in the
conflict. _

Let reinforcements rally to the heroic
standard of the little band who have
charged the enemy, and thus demon-
strate the potency of the principle of
co-operation. Until then we will “Hold
the Fort.” S. STEELE, VV. 0.
Bear Lake, June 2d.

Flowers and Home Adorninent.

(An essay read before VVestern Pomo-
na Grange, No. 19, by Charles W’.
Wilde.) ,

Worthy Master and Patrons :——Some
time ago your VVorthy Lecturer made
me promise that I would say something
about flowers at this meeting, and as it
would not look well for a Granger to go
back on his word, I will try and answer
his demand upon me. I do not intend
to treat the subject in detail, for time
will not permit. All I wish to do is to
make a few general remarks in regard
to flowers and theirinfluence, and home
adornment.

At a meeting of farmers and others
held during the New York State Fair
in 1877, for the purpose of discussing
the subjects of fruits and flowers, Mr.
James Vick, of Rochester, was called
upon to open the discussion on flowers.
In his remarks he urged upon farmers
the necessity of making their homes
pleasant and attractive to both sons and
daughters; for he said, “In no other
way could the youth of the country be
made to love the old home and take an
interest in farming.”

.For general cultivation I would rec-
ommend hardy varieties. Hardy, her-
baceous, flowering plants are very de-
sirable, as being in a measure able to
take care of themselves, as they too
often are compelled to do.

Next in order would be hardy annuals
and bedding plants, which includes
many of our handsomest flowers, and
either of them can be grown with as lit-
tle care as onions or beets. So I think
there is no good excuse for any farmer
not having at least a few nice flowers to
enliven his home. -

In regard to trees and vines, I will
Say that our fields and forests contain
many of the very best, but they are
passed by unnoticed. I know of some
farmers who have paid exorbitant prices
for trees and vines of some smooth-
Iongued agent, who gave them big
names, when they had the very same
varieties growing naturally in their own
woods.

Is it not strange how anyone can neg-
lect to cultivate flowers when we take
Into consideration their beauty, and see

OW much they add to the attractions
of homes where they are cultivated. I

0 not see how anyone can help loving
owers and taking pleasure in caring
for them. How refreshing, after labor
Ill the field all day, to spend a. little
time at evening among the flowers and
breathe their delicate perfume, it seems
t9 refresh and rest us. At the same
“me. Some men say that they would
rather see a hill of potatoes than the
nicest flower that ever grew, and that
the handsomest flower they ever saw
W38 a cauliflower. I admit there is a
800d deal of beauty in a well kept veg-
e ble garden, in fact all nature’s works
are beautiful, when not marred by the
foolishness, or wickedness, of man. A
of nice large onions is no mean ob-

ject, while for fragrance they will hold
their own against the world of flowers.

There is beauty everywhere, if we
will only look for it. I pity the person
who has acres of land, but yet can find
no room for flowers ; who sees nothing
beautiful about him, except that which
puts a dollar in his pocket, and brings
his children up in the same manner.
Such men very often have their front
yard filled up with old broken-down
wagons, plows, horse-rakes and other
implements, beside the wood-pile and
chips, or else they will have their pig
pen and potato patch there, thus having
no room for flowers, which should al-
ways be found there.

I believe it to be our bounden duty to
make our home attractive, that our
children may learn to love them and
have no desire to leave them. Home
may have all the luxuries human hands
can fashion, but unless flowers are there
cultivated it will not be remembered by
the children who go out from it with as
much tenderness as the home that is
beautified by nature's loveliest work,
fostered by the hand of man. There-
fore, parents. is it not for your interest
to cultivate flowers, and encourage your
children to do so also.

Some men say they like to see flowers
well enough, but have no time or money
to spend for them; they say all they
can do is to get a living, etc., and it may
be true. But at the same time many of
these men seem to have a great deal of
time and money to spend for things of
a great deal less importance. And
again, nine times out of ten, if those
men who have no time would only give
their wives or children half a chance
they would have plenty of nice flowers.
But they expect them to do it all with-
out any help or even a word of encour-
agement from them. This is expecting
too much, for the preparation of the
soil is too hard work for a woman or
child, especially if the soil is heavy.
A man must be very busy and quite
poor who cannot afford to spend an
hour or so each year in preparing the
soil and a" few dimes for seeds, and gen-
erally if they would only do that much
their wife or children would do the
rest. I do not advocate extravagance
in such things, but I do think itis with
flowers and home adornment as it is
with many other things. That is,
where there is a will there is most
generally a way. If every farmer would
only do what he really could afford in
that direction, what an improvement
there would be in the appearance of
farmers’ homes in the country. Some
say they will ‘do something by and by,
wait until they get a new house, or a
new fence, or something else, and when
they fix up their yard all nice and
smooth, etc. But these men should re-
member that nice shrubs or trees do not
grow in a week or a month, but it takes
years. Therefore, they have no time
to loose, but should begin at once if
they wish to reap the full benefit of
their labor.

For those who love flowers, it is rest
to care -for them: so let us give them a
place in every home, church, school and
workshop, on the desk of the business
man, in public places,—yes, even in the
bar-room, for perchance they will lead
him who has gone astray to think of
home and the place where his mother
cultivated them.

Flowers, unlike man, are not affected
by evil surroundings, but remain for-
ever pure, silently but surely exerting
their elevating influence upon those
around them. They are symbols of all
that are beautiful in this life. If all
mankind were but as pure as the hum-_
ble violet that grows by the wayside
what a different world this would be.
Flowers teach us to hope for the life to
come. They speak of the wondrous
love and forethought of ..Him above,
and teach the young the road to purity
and honor. They are sermons to us all.
The English poet has ex ressed this
sentiment in the following ines:

“Your lifeless lips. 0 flowers, are living preach-

8l'S ;
Each cup 3. pulpit, and each leaf a. book.”

To the aged, flowers are reminders
of the happy past, and wheh the aged
form has lain down for that sleep that
comes sooner or later to all, crown
those whitened locks with the flowers
which from childhood had been loved
and tended by the one now cold in
death. The heart of the humble blos-
som silently murmurs, “ I am the res-
urrection and the life, believe in me and
you will find peace and rest.”

THE best thing I kno on is a fust rate
wife, and the next thing iz a second
rate one.--Josh Billings.

gnaw.’ Qepanmcnt. '

KEELER, May 19th, ’79.
isiaters of the Vrsrron .-

I am among the favored ones, I have
heard Mrs. E. Cady Stanton lecture;
how I have hungered and tliirsted to
listen to her voice; even now I can
scarcely realize it is not all a dream,-
the old lady with white hair and moth-
erly ways, standing before a congrega-
tion of about 300, and talking about the
capabilities of woman, and asking her
to grasp the great questions of the day,
and make herself worthy, and, as the
Great Creator intended, equal with
men, not in political wrangle or legal
sophistry, but in helping humanity to
higher and nobler lives.

If all women speakers were sensible
(I can find no other word to express it)
like Mrs. S.. there would be less objec-
tion to giving women the ballot.

I did not intend to talk about Mrs.
Stanton, but I couldn’t make the words
come for anything else until I payed
my tribute to her. '

The inspiration of the State Grange is
still upon me, but first I must say to

'dear Sister Steele, if my thoughtless

words caused her a moment’s pain, I
beg she will forgive what was only
meant as a bit of pleasantry. A good
sister said to me recently, “How I did
want to get acquainted with Sister
Steele.” Now I think we are too form-
9.1; why should we not seek those
whom our hearts tell us are our soul
friends, introduce ourselves, and tell
them our needs and hopes, and we
might thus be helpers more than now,
shackled with formality as we are;
what precious additions we could often
make to our life-friendships.

Many grand,heart-stirring words were
said, but as I took no notes, not having
this work on my mind, I cannot place
many, but will ever remember the
pleasant speech made by Bro. Mickley
on Tuesday afternoon, in open session.
After a little pleasantry at Bro. M00re"s
expense (who occupied the chair for the
time being), he gave a graphic account of
the early settlers, according them great
credit for their self-sacrifice; tracing
them on down to the present day.

He remarked that W. M. Woodman
had seen many buildings more magnifi-
cent than our beautiful new State House
—of which we are justly proufl, but
never in all the old country had he met
with such a gathering as the present,
men and women fresh from their farms,
with the smell of the soil upon. their
garments, as it were, met with the pur-
pose of regulating the laws that govern
them. Where in all the old country
can you find the working men laying
out work for the Legislators 1‘ Nowhere.

But all this sounded better from his
lips than from my poor pen.

One thing disappointed me and it
was this, with two or three exceptions,
the sisters took no part fn the work, of
course they did committee work, but it
ended there. Now, why is this? Are
we so much slower to learn ‘J for they
tell me that some of the finest speakers
we have could not make an intelligent
speech before they joined the Grange.
Is it not, rather, custom that has bound
us in chains.

I was sensibly reminded of this when
I asked some of the most intelligent
women present to give theirinfluence
on the probate resolutions, most all
asked, .

“What do you claim is wrong?”

“I don’t know anything about it,”
one said, “I will ask my husband and
if he says there is a wrong I will give
it my consideration.” She at least
obeyed Paul.

Now the idea is this, suppose these
women should be deprived of their hus-
bands, Would it not be better to know
something about all these property laws,
for they will find to their sorrow that
they do, concern them. I know the
mortification of being ignorant. I have
had the sorrowful experience, and I
would earnestly ask, Is it natural to
commence the use of the opportunites
placeed within our reach, not necessarily
to become public speakers, but to inform
ourselves on _ all subjects before the
Grange. and be able to stand up, and
express our thoughts in a lucid and com-
prehensive manner, without fear and
trembling. ,

I understand “Myra” was at the State
Grange; one who can express her views
so well on paper ought not to be back-
ward to speak for the right at any place.
I am really sorry I didn t know she was
there, I would like to have looked upon
her face.

I really hope “ Betsey” has not for-
saken the V ISITOR, we need some of her
humor to enliven us.
Now, as to the entertainment given at
the Lansing House by Bement & Sons,
of which there has been some com-
ments. My understanding of the affair
was this: The invitation was given and
accepted in good fellowship, and not to
lay any one under obligation, as some
have supposed. Our own comment is,
it was all very nice for the high-cocka-
lo_rums, but for us common fry, who»
did not wish to stay until morning to
hear the speeches, it was a flat, mean-
ingless affair. I could think of nothing
but a flock ofsheep pushing and crowd-
ing each other. Just think of 600 be-
ing pushed up a flight of narrow stairs
in one continuous stream. The tables
were filled with a great abundance of
both the substantial and tropical luxu-
ries, the centre one ornamented with a
large plow trimmed with plumes made
of shavings,——it was very expressive.
However, may the good genii deliver
us from another such a jam, unless we
are one of the aforesaid high-cockalo-
ruins; in that case, “ Barkisis willin’.”
As my "star" has disappeared since
Bro. Steele disclosed my identity, I will
now, and henceforth, sign my name.
Mas. O M. SIKES,
Keeler, Van Buren Co.

Qinrrerzpnndentt.

LAINGSBURG. June 3, 1879.
Bro. J. T. Cobb.-

AsI have never seen any thing in
the VISITOR from your Grange, I would
like to inform its readers that we are
not only alive but in a healthy growing
condition, having had a recentaddition
of some 12 or 15 members. VVe have
also purchased and fitted up a hall for
our accommodation, it is not as large as
could be desired, but we have the satis-
faction of seeing it generally well filled,
which we think is better than a large
ball nearly empty. We are steadily
improving in every respect. Intellect-
ually, socially, morally and financially
writing essays, reading selections and
discussions on farm topics, and various
questions of interest are engaged in by
the Brothers and Sisters generally, the
results is, members who three or four
years ago could not speak in public five
minutes, can now interest an audience
twenty or thirty minutes with ease,
thus proving the Grange to be agreat
school for improving upon the power of
thought and the ability to express it be-
fore others, we believe this alone pays
to be a Patron. The social feature is all
that can be desired, this has been culti-
vated during the past winter by a series
of socials at the various houses of the
Patrons, at which all were invited, the
attendance of some reaching about one
hundred, the proceeds were for the pur-
pose of furnishing the new hall. From
what has already been said the reader
can see that the morals of our mem-
bers have been improving, for this is
invariably the case, when mental cul-
ture is accompanied by continued as-
sociation with pure-hearted, high-mind-
ed people who love our Order, love the
truth, and "Dare to do Right.” Our
financial benefits cannot be definitely
ascertained, for they have been in a
hundred different ways. many of which
we cannot well define; some might be
given had we not fear of wearying your
patience, such as growing greater crops
on the same area of land, securing crops,
fattening hogs, setting wagon tire, etc.
VVe do not have as largea trade through
the co-operative system as some of our
Sister Granges, although what we have
done has been satisfactory. VVe have
decided to ship our wool direct to the
eastern market with Brother VVelch, of
Ionia. Bro. J. Hibbard, a member of this
Grange sheared a fine wool buck with
less than one years growth of wool,
whose fleece weighed 29% pounds, and
no tags included. Last year he sheared
27 lbs. Bro. H. purchased him some
where in the east, to improve his al-
ready very fine flock. We have sev-
eral members of some notoriety, one has
quitea number of mules. We also have
some curiosities, one raises corn by
wearing tight boots, another knits (his
eyebrows). Now I will close for fear
the communication is already to long
to receive notice, but if I do not see it
in the paper, I shall try to persuade
some of the rest of our members to
writea communication, but if you do
not hear again from us, I would say, we
expect to continue right along in the
good work of the Grange.

F.M.8.


   
 

 

:5. . ..- 

 

 

 

 

8

 

TI-IE GRANGE

VISITOR.

Bro. Cobb :
Please give notice through the VISI-
'_I'oR that the next meeting of the Man-
istee Pomona Grange, No. 21, will be
held at Cleon, \Vexl‘ord County, coin-
mencing July, fzd. at two o'clock P. M.
MRS. J. A. Porn, bee.
IVIARILLA, May, 11, 1879.

To find out whether a gzirzleii has
been planted or not, a paper gives the
following rule: “ If one forgets wheth-
er beds were planted or not, a good way
To tell is to turn a stray L-at into the
garden. If the beds are planted, the cat
will proceed to race round and dig into
them, and act as if it had relatives in
‘China it was anxious to get at; while
iifthey are not, it will sit down calmy
in the path, and seem to he meditating
ion the pro,<_§ress of mist-ionary work in
Africa. A cat’s instinct seldom de-
ceives in this nnatter.

TIIE REAPER, nnirfii.

BRYANT—VVm. C. Bryant, 21. Charter mem-
ber of Burr Oak Grange, No. 303, died May
16th, aged 5.8 years.

H. HAWLEY, Sec’y.

KENYON—-Died May 16th, IST9, our much
beloved Sister Hattie Kenyon, a. worthy mem-
ber of Monterey Grange, No. 247.

M. VV. B. MCALPINE, Sec’y.

RECTOR-—Died at her residence in Sodus
Township, Berrieii Co., April 27th, 1879. Sister
Alice Rector, agetl 28 years, a worthy and hoii-
ored member of Pearl Grnnrra. No. 81.

E. D. Sriaivcisii, Sec.

SS c“cis;<m"s=
EUREKA BEE - HIVE

and Iloney Raclis.

 
     

immu
lmllllllllnnfllwlflu '

 

-———.\l{ E-—

A DECIDED SUCCESS.

Fifty per cent more surplus comb honey than
from any other Hive now in use. Highest tes-
timonials from the most successful Bee-keepers
in the State. New beginners, start right l Old
Bee-keepers, look to your interest! Give this
Hive a trial and see its superior merits.

AGENTS WANTED IN EVERY GRANGE.

For particulars address,
EUREKA BEE-HIVE CO.,
Schoolcraft, Mich.

BEES!

\ BEES! BEES I

For Sale.—Choice Italians in movable-comb
hives. For particulars and price address,
Sonrniinn & RANNEY,
Kalamazoo. Mich.

THE KALAMAZOO .
DRILL TOOTH!

'8.'.8I ‘oi: ii-HIV paiualml
'6.tS‘[ ‘is Kawr ‘osiv

 

SCATTERS THE SEED EVENLY 3; inches,
wide under the Shovel. An Adjustable Governei
Regulates the Depth, and Covers the Seed
Unitormly from one to three inches, as desired.
Combining all that is desirable in_ Rroad-cast
Seeding, with the advantages 0f'DrlllllJg'. '
We also manufacture a Grain Drill, using
this Tooth, which is W arranted to Give Satu-
fuctian. or no sale.-
.l?or further particulars address
KALAMAZOO GRAIN DRILL CO.,
‘V Kaunzoo, Mien.

Points and Paris Green.

PRICES REDUCED FOR 1879.

PATHUNS’ Plllll commm

Ingersoll’s Ready Mixed Paints,;
Paris Green and Brushes.
Best and Cheapest Paisnts’ in
the World.

Freight paid on Paint and Paris Green to all
parts of the country. So it makes no diiTer-
ence where youlive, you get goods at the same
price as if you were at the Factory.

Our Book “How‘Every one can Paint,”
with 20 Brilliant Colors, Brushes, etc., illustrat-
ed, mailed fi-ee upon application to PATRONS'
PAINT CO., 162 South St., N. Y.

-——TRUS'I‘EES:

T. A. Thompson, Pres, Past Lec. Nat. Grange
Samuel E. Adams, of Minn., Master “ "

D. Wyatt Aiken. of S. C., Ch’m Ex. Com. “
Mortimer VVhitehead, of N. J., Lee. Nat. “

O. H. Kelley, Past Secretary National Grange.
J. W. A. Wright, Master Cal. State Grange.

M. D. Davie, Master State Grange, Kentucky.

The IIus_'m.ndma.n!

EVERY FARMER Should TAKE I“.

It is thoroughly Reliable
and Practical in Every
Department.

It is Owned, Edited and Managed
by FARMERS, and is an able Ex-
ponent of the Agricultural
Interests of the Country.

'l‘ni~: HUSBANDMAN discusses public questions
from the farmer’s standpoint. It demands that
the burdens of taxation should be more equita-
bly placed on all classes of property, and that
the farming interests be thereby measurably
relieved.

Tim HUBBANDMAN contends against unjust
discrimination in freight charges, by which the
present railroad management is heaping heavy
burdens on the farmers of this and other States.

No other iarmer’s paper pays as careful heed
to its Market Reports, which are thoroughly
reliable and accompanled with comments show-
ing the condition of the market and tendency
of prices.

In short, Tim HUSBANDMAN seeks to promote
in every way the greatest good of the agricul-
ral class, and is such a paper as farmers every-
where ought to read and support. The reports
of the discussions of the famous

Elmira Farmers Club

occupy about one page of the paper each week,
and are alone worth more to any practical
farmer than the cost of subscription.

Many of the leading farmers in different parts
of the country are among its large number of
correspondents.

Hon. Alonzo Sessions, the present Lieutenant
Governor of Michigan, and an old and successful
farmer, in a letter urging the farmers of his
own county to take this paper said : “ I have
read THE HUEBANDMAN for more than two
years, and I do not hesitate to recommend it as
the BEST FARMERS PAPER that I ever read.
I take and read several other papers, but I will
say frankly that no paper comes to my house
that is more welcome to myself and to all my
family, and not one that is read with so much
pleasure and profit.”

As a representative of the GRANGE, THE
Hussaxnmx is highly prized by the leading
members of the Order, in all sections of the
country. It is not sensational, but is candid
and influential.

The Husbanrlman is a Large Eight-Page
Paper, and Unly $1.50 per year.
Postage Free.

The interesting character of THE HUSBAND-
MAN, and low price, commend it at once to
farmers everywhere, and make it an ‘easy task
to secure a club of subscribers in any Grange or
community. Send for sample copies which are
furnished free. Address,

I-IUSBANDMAN. Elmira. N.Y.
We will send Tm: HUBBANDMAN and THE
GRANGE VISITOR for one year, for 81,70.

and in Club: of five or more, 81.60 each.

      
  
   
 
  

Saddles,

IS NOW READY, and will be Sun Fan to any pe _
From this desirable book you can obtain the wholesale prices of nearly every
article you may require for personal or family use, such :5

Ladies’ Linen Suits. at $1.10 and upwards.
Serge, Mohair, Poplin, Bourette and Cashmere Suits at $4.50
and upwards. All well made in the Latest Styles.

Our 2411;

Descriptive Illustrated Price List

man who may ask for it.

Also, a. full and complete line of

Dry Goods, Gloves, Hosiery, Notions, clothing, Hats, Caps,
Boots, Shoes, Carpets, Oil cloths, Cutlery, Silver and Silver
Plated Ware, Watches, Jewelry, Sewing Machines, Trunks,
Traveling-Bags, Pipes, Tobaccos, cigars, Teas, Tlnware,

Baby carriages, Rocking Horses, Veloclpades,

Groceries, elc., etc.

We sell all goods at wholesale rice: in any quan-
tity to suit the_ purchaser. The on y institution of the
kind in America. Address,

MONTGOMERY WARD & CO.,
227 & 229 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

I WILL SELL

THREE INCH AND THREE AND ONE-
FOURTH INCH THIMBLE-SKEIN
WAGON, COMPLETE, FOR $45.

THREE AND ONE—HALF INCH FOR 848

THREE INCH AND THREE AND ONE-
FOURTH INCH, WITHOUT BOX
OR SEAT, $35.

THREE AND ONE-HALF INCH, WITH-
OUT BOX OR SEAT, $38.

ONE-HORSE WAGON. THILLS, BOX AND
SPRING SEAT, 835.

§"Delivered on Cars at Niles, Mich.
E. MURRAY.

MASTER'S OF]-‘ICE, ;
Paw Paw, Mich.. April 20th. f
L‘. Murray, Niles, ilrfic/2.:

DEAR S1n.— Your's of the 7th came in my
absence, hence this delay to answer. In reply
to your inquiry, I will state that the wagon you
sent me, and which has been run one year, is
entirely satisfactory. As yet, evei y piiit is per-
feet. There are several of your wagons in this
vicinity that have run for several years, and I
have heard of but one complaint, and that I do
not regard as strictly reliable.

Yours truly,
J. J. WOODMAN.

Grange HEADQUARTERS.
THOMAS MASON,
General llnmmissiun Merchant.

183 SOUTH WATER STREET,
CHICAGO. - - ILLINOIS.

Purchasing Agent for the Patrons of Husband-
ry. authorized by Executive Committe of the
Michigan State Grange ; Agent of the N. IV.
Produce Exchange Association, principal ofiice,
Buchanan, Mich. ; also, Jiyent of the Jllichigan
Lake Shore Fruit Growers’ Association, Steven-
ville. Mich.,
Respectfully solicits Consignments of

FRUITS. VEGETABLES. BUTTER. EGGS.

Poultry, Wool, Hides,
PELTS, TALLO W, and DRESSED HUGS.

GRAIN, Hocs,‘and CATTLE
In Car Lots. Also,
L UMBER in Car or Cargo Lots.

Having a. large and conveniently arranged
House in the business part of the city, we are
prepare to handle goods in any quantity, and,
being on the SHADY SIDE of the street, can
show PERISHABLE goods in BEST CONDI-
TION, throughout the day. With

SUPERIOR FACILITIES, ‘

and close personal attention to business, we
hope to merit, receive, and retain a. liberal share
of our patronage.

Orders for goods in this market will be filled
at lowest wholesale rates.

Cash must Accompany Orders
to Insure Prompt Attention.

?REFERENCES :-——
Executive Committee of Mich. State Grange.
J. J. Woodman, Paw Paw, Mich.
J. T. Cobb, Schoolcraft, Mich.,
Herman, Schafiner & Co., Bankers, Chicago, Ill.
Thomas Mars, Berrien Centre, Mich.
W. A. Brown, Sec’y Mich. L. S. F. G. Ass’n,

Stevensville, Mich.
$" Stencils, Shipping Tags, and Market Be-
ports funiished an application.

Connnsronnnxon Somoirnn. mai'.12’79

5-TON STOCK SCALES,
$50..

FREIGHT PAID, AND NO MONEY ASK
no TILL rnsrnn.
JONES, of Binghamton,

may6rn BINGHAMTON, N. Y

Paw Paw, Mich., May 18th, 1878.

JONES, or BINGHAMTON2

' My Scales give entire satisfaction. I have
3 subjected it to the most severe tests, and find it
not only correct in weighing large or small
amounts, but perfeclly reliable.

Yours, Fraternally,
[Signed]

ATTENTION HUillNHMENl

MOIZGAN. HALF MO()LEY
AND

Telegraph Grain Cradles, Haul Rakes, &c.

To Patrons, I offer my entire stock at whole-
sale prices, in lots to suit customers. Long
experience, improved machinery, competent.
workmen, good timber, and honorable dealing.
3 I ask and expect your patronage.

1 Correspondence solicited, and promptly ans-
I
I
l

Michigan,

wered.

I will deliver goods by team within a. radius
of forty miles. Outside of that, will ship at
Mason, or Williamston.

Repairs furnished when ordered.

STRAWBERRY PLANTS!

AFRIQUE.
AMERICAN,
CAPT. JACK,
CHAS. DOWNING,
GREEN PROLIFIC,
GEN. SHERMAN,
J UCUNDA,
SENECA CHIEF,

AND 20 ornnn VARIETIES,

At l5 cts. per doz., 50 cts. per 100, $2.50 per
500, $4.00 per 1000.
HORT. DEPT. AGR’L. COLLEGE,
Lansing, Mich.

German Horse and [low Powder.

It should be the aim of every farmer to make
his horses and cattle as handsome and useful
as possible. Nearly every teamster who driyes
a. team of very fine horses feeds Condition
Powders, either openly or secretly.

The German Horse and Cow Powdor i.s_of
the highest value for stock. It aids digestion
and assimulation. It helps to develop all the
powers or the animal. It improves its beauty
and increases its usefulness. It makes fat and
milk. By using it a. horse will do more work,
andacow give more milk, and be in better
condition, with less feed.

By giving poultry a heaped tablespoonful
occasionally in a. quart of chop, it will keep
them healthy and increase the quuntity of eggs-
By giving hogs a. large heaped tablespoonful.
with the same quantity of salt, in a. half pe_ck
of scalded wheat bran for every four hogs, twice
a week you will prevent Hoe DISEASE.

Put up in five pound packages, six packflgw
in abox, at 12 cents a. pound; or in sixty }_i0|ll1_d
boxes at ten cents a. pound. The receipt 18
p)osted on each package and box. Made b D1‘-

berholtzer, at his mills, No. 2 Fetter 116:
Philadelphia, .13.. Sold by n. E. JAMES.
Kalamazoo Co-operative Association, No. 31
North Burdick St., Kalamazoo, Mich.,  by
J. M. CHAMBERS, Illinois State BI-1Bm°55
Agent, Chicago,

innylfi-ti

‘I

III, at the Lowest Wholesale 
Price, when ordered under the seal of “'9 V.