I={:?E EXECUTIVE Michigan State‘ MONTHLY . - _._. ._....__.._.._,._.,,.. .- .VIS1To COMMITTEE «in Grange, P. of H. R [Kalamazoo Publishing Co.’s I’rint.] VOL. 4,——No. 19 % WHOLE No 75. SCHOOLCRAFT, OCTOBER ist, 1879. ,1 Your: SUBSCRIPTION will Expire with N 0. THE GRANGE VISITOR, Is Published on the First and Fifteenth of every Month AT FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM, Invariably in Advance. J. '1‘. COBB. Editor and Manager. To whom all communications should be ad- dressed, at Schoolcraft, Mich. Remittances should be by Registered Letter, Money Order or Draft. To Contributors. As the Visrron now bears date the 1st and 15th of each month, to insure insertion in the next issue, Communications must be received by the 10th and 25th of each month. Runs or ADVERTISING: Acceptable advertisements inserted at the rate of $1.00 per square, for each insertion. A Liberal discount will be made on standing advertisements of three months or more. Officers National Grange. MAS'l'EB.—-S. E. ADAMS, Minn. OVEESEER-J. J. WOODMAN, Mich. LECTURER—MORT’MR WHITEHEAD, N J. STEWARD—A. J. VAUGHN. Miss. Assr. Srsw.inI>—WILLIAM SIMS, Kansas. CHAPLAIN—A. P. FORSYTH, Illinois. TREASURER-—F. M. MCDOWELL, N. Y. SECB.ETARY—VVm. M. IRELAND,Wa.sh’ton,D.C. GATE-KEEPEB—O. DINWIDDIE, Indiana. Cnnns--Mas. S. E. ADAMS, Minnesota. POMONA—-MRS. J. J. WOODMAN, Michigan. Fi.ouii—Mns. J AS. T. MOORE, Maryland. LADY ASSTIBTANT STEWABD——MISS CARRIE A. HALL, Kentucky. Dfflcers Michigan State Grange. M.—J. J. WOODMAN, - - Paw Paw. O.—THOS. F. MOORE, - - - Adrian. L.-—C. L. WHITNEY, - - Muskegon. S.—S. A. TOOKER, - - - Lansing. A. S.—A. E. GREEN, - - Farmington. C.—SALMON STEEL, Bear Lake, Manis’e Co T.—S. F. BROWN, - - Schoolcraft. SEO.—J. T. COBB, - - - “ G. K.-—A. N. WOODRUFF, - Watervliet. CEBES.—MRS. C. L. WHITNEY, Muskegon. POKONA—MBS. G. W. EWING, Ross, Kent 00. FLOEA—M.B.S. J. J. WOODMAN, Paw Paw. L. A. S.-MRS. A. E. GREEN, Farmington. Executive Committee. F. M. HOLLOWAY, Chairman, - Hillsdale. J. WEBSTER CHILDS, - - - Ypsilanti. C. G. LUCE, - - Gilead, Branch Co. WESTBROOK DIVINE, Belding, Ionia Co. THOMAS MARS. Berrien Center, Berrien 00. Wn. SATTERLEE, Birmingham, Oakland Co. «T, Q. A. BURRINGTON, Tuscolp, Tuscola Co. - J. J. WOODMAN, J. T. COBB, - Ex. Oflicio. State Business Agents, GEO. W. HILL & CO., - - Detroit. THOMAS MASON, - - - Chicago. General Deputy. C. L. WHITNEY, - - - Muskegon. Special Lecturers. R- E. Trowbridge,..Bii-mingham, Oakland Co. Thor. F. Moore, . . . . . .Adria.n,. .. ..Lenawee Co 990. W, Woodward. .Shelby, . . . . . . .Ocean8- 00 Samuel Laugdon, ..Bowen Station,. . .Kent C0 - C. Herrington,. . .Four I‘owns,. .0akla11d 00 M--L. Stevens, ...... . .Perry,.. . . Shiawassee Co L. R. Brown,. .. .Rawsonville, . .Washtenaw Co Andrew Campbell, . .Ypsilanti, . . “ “ Mrs. Salmon Steele,. .Beai- La.ke.. .Manistee C0 SECRETARIES, TAKE NOTICE! Granges whose Secretaries l1aVe lailed to report for the quarter ending March 31st, 1879, will not be entitled ‘O representation in the County Con- Vention of October 7th, 1879. ®.m*i’v2 (tutu. gcpartmsnt. Notice. The Executive Committee of the Michigan State Grange will meet in executive session at the Morton House, in the city of Grand Rapids, on Tuesday, Oct. 7th, 1879, at 6 P. M. All parties having business with them, will present it as early as VVednesday'8 A.M. the 8th. F. M. HOLLOWAY, Chairman. Hillsdale, Sept. 12th. 1879. A BRITISH FARMER’S THOUGHTS AND AF'l‘ER'l‘I-IOUG-HTS. I’m am old British farmer, and “Hereford bred,” Though I’ve ne'er a. white face, nor yet horns on my head. I live quiet and sung on a sizable farm, And to nevera neighbor I wish any harm. Time was when, from sunrise till close of day, My spirits were good, as I paced the old way ; But nowadays things are unlike what they were, If they rose from their graves, how our father’s would stare l I once loved the life of a farmer, but now, 1’d as lief be a bullock, or a horse at the plow, Yes, as well be a turnip, kohl-rabi or Swede, As go on a leading the life that I lead. I remember the time when tight breeches and boots Was a good enough dress for a grower of roots. My father afore me, and his afore him, Would have scorned to have put pantaloons on a limb. But my missus, says she, on one Sunday last year, “You can't go to church in those garments, my dear. No, John, I insist, to your room you’ll go back, And put on a suit of respectable black. So now every Sunday I walk by her side, As black as a bishop, to humor her pride. My feelings, of course, I endeavor to smother, For when madam says one thing, who dare to say t’other 1‘ My daughters, Miss Emily, Susie and Fanny, Have all been to school, ahd have learnt the pianny ; . _ And, what with their music, fine dresses, and learning, _ Won't tuck up their sleeves to do washing or churning. My boys, Tom and Dick, ride in patent top- boots, And no’baccy will touch but cigars and che- roots ; " _ At a. glass of good beer they turn up their nose, For French stuff as sour as ’twere brewed out of sloes I In long Ulster coats, like the men in the ark, They run up to town, on the “spree” and the “lark.” _ _ , The money they spend on their pleasure, I m sure Had better be spent on the farm in manure, Then the taxes and rates, win or lose, all the same ‘There's the income-rax paper, 1 call it a shame, Nay, it's worse than a. shame—darned if ’tisn’t a sin, To take income-tax out when there’s nought coming in l Two guineas a q_uarter’s the price of good wheat ; _ The market is full of American meat; Says my landlord. “If barley and wheat doesn’t pay. ' . h Turn plow land .to grassland, and cultivate ay. But I think of the days that won’t come back VVh:ig:uflzi.rmer could get a good price for good grain ; W'hen taxes and rates were what folk could afford, _ W And we didn’t build schools to please the school board. I know whall I’ll do—I’ll just pack up my kit, Sell my stock to my landlord, give notice to quit - Arid tak’e children and wife (though perhaps they won’t come) Across the Atlantic to seek a new home. Yes, I’m off, bag and baggage I I’m tired of taxation, Free-trade, strikes, and unions, and co-operas tion. So I‘ll start for New York by the very next mail, And good-bye to old England, roast beef and good ale. 96 % 1\‘ 'X- 95 #- VVait a bit! Like a farmer, my growl I have had, About all I see going, or gone, to the bad ; But now my growl’s over, to own I am free Though things may be bad, that still worse they might be. We've had three hard years, but how do I know But next year may be good, and pay all the three owe ? I don’t like high rates and school-board educa- tion But I daiesay it’s all for the good of the nation. My landlord's a trump, and my missus she suits. Though she hasn't good taste in the matter 0’ boots ; ' My children, no doub.t,.a.re too fine for their dad But yoiing ’uns are young uns, and ours ain’t so bad. Old England has faults; but, from all that I hear, There are things in America wonderful queer ; So I’ll sing "Rule, Brittania !” and drink "Speed the Flow I” And stick to the farm we've stuck to till now. ——Lond¢m Punch. Our Agricultural Colleges. PROF. FAIRCHILD. THE IDEAL. In a brief notice of what our agricul- tural colleges ought to be, it may prop- erly be assumed that they are to be first, what the name college implies every- where now, places of education for the young. VVliatever service they may render in afiording models of farming for the public, or in searching for new facts, principles, or applications in agri- culture, must be secondary. The edu- cation which they Iurnish must be agri- cultural in quickening and deepening a young man’s regard for a farmer’s life, while in every way making him more capable in such a l-ife. Learning and labor are to meet in a more profitable life upon the sotl. ‘/Vith this under- standing, it may be well to consider more specifically THE AIMS. Of these there are two classes, closely united ; to develop the man in the farmer, and to develop farming through the man engaged in it. The first is to be sought in discipline, the true educa- tion, ofyouth. True scientific princi- ples, which underlie all knowledge, are to be taught and enforced by a thorough drill in observation. The eyes must see and the hands handle the very elemen ts of nature, in order to gain proper ideas of nature’s use. There must be a defin- ite training to think accurately and con- nectedly, and intensely if need be. Thinking has made the world’s discov- eries and inventions, and it will always be the means of progress in any calling. Thinking to a purpose will always dis- tinguish the able man and the eflicient work, and our college will have missed its aim if it fails to furnish thorough training to think. Added to this must be the formation of habits of ready ac- tion to a purpose. The thinking and the doing are so closely united in farm- ing that no one can neglect training in both. Often the only expression of the thought is in the act that turns soil and seed, sunshine and shower, into pro- duce. The college must aim at such a. combination of thought and action in its routine of drill for developing the best men for the work of making farm- ing better. The second is to be sought through information. While this always accom- panies discipline, and directs the appli- cations of ability, it differs from that _)ust as thejnstruction of a child how to drive a nail differs from the training which enables him to do it successfully. The college must gather and impart the best of instructions in the art of tilling the soil. It must gather from the his- toryof this art, and from the failures and successes of practice and experi- ment constantly such facts as will make the strongest impression. By such means it aims to give higher ideals and stronger ambition to do excellent work. It stimulates discussion ant "= iparison of experiences, and eX]COl.lia5t:!| thought- ful consideration of future prospects. It aims_to be a center of information for a farming community through its instruc- tions to learners. So far as is compat- ible with thorough discipline and ac- curate information, it aims to be a leader in further improvement of practice by new devices, but cautiously preserves the difference between knowledge and supposition, fact and theory. Such aims suggest ' THE METHODS. Most prominent must stand a thor- ough course of study, long enough to establish principles and habits, severe enough to develop strength of mind, and so associated with agriculture as to cultivate enthusiasm for it. In this there must be systematic instruction by most approved methods in the sciences, training to logical investigation of facts and principles, history and general knowledge of civilization enough to kindle inquiry, and technical training enough to give a general ability. This involves a drill in manual labor, that shall make the hands ready and the eyes quick. That dexterity which comes from long practice in one routine is not desirable at this stage of educa- tion, if it were practicable ; but a read- iness to turn the hand to account in va- rious directions is to be provided for by regular duty in real work, where pay - and reputation and responsibility are thought of, and business rules apply, while a zest is given by connection with study and thought under competent oversight. These methods would hear a lengthy study. but we must hasten to connect with them ' T1-IE MEANS. Among these we may place first a permanent endowment, sufficient to en- sure the steady progress of the college through several generations. It should not be‘subject to the fluctuations of whims from parties or people, but should be an investment for posterity. “ Art is long,” and the work of educa- tion for the art of agriculture must be permanent, -in order to be reached at - all. Ample equipment of buildings, furni- ture, and apparatus, farm and tools, is of course necessary. It must be even more ample than in most colleges. Sci- ence, to be made practical, must be learned with laboratory practice; tech- nical instruction is worthlees without abundant exercise and illustration, and working habits can be formed only by handling the tools. A competent faculty must handle this machinery. The drill of such a college calls for greater ingenuity, if not for greater culture, on the part of the facul- ty, than most college courses. This is —-—-.<'::r-aestzievg-iqn-;-.n-ea-A-_» — 1-.-.-e-- v m’ .all they will eat. the year round, 2 THE GRANGE VISITOR. not mere teaching, but teaching adjust- ed to a specific want in life. It calls for a. practical energy, in addition to sound doctrine, for it deals less with authori- ties than with facts. New applications of principles must keep them fresh in the life of toil, which they are to ele- vate. The best in the land are none too good to hold the professorships in such a college. and should be found, and kept —if possible. Over all should preside an efficient and uniform control. The constitution of this board should be such as to secure greatest stability with activity. Love for the work must inspire the members, and provident foresight direct them. The whiffling of popular sentiment for park or mutton, for short~horns or Jer- seys, must only make their course more steady and true to that line of educa- tion of farmers’ sons which may give taste and ability for an enlightened and progressive agriculture. The Way Moms and Boys’ Clothing are Made. The manufacture of men’s, boys’ and. _vouth’s clothing is one of the great in- dustries of Boston. There are 25 large concerns (not to speak of 75 or 80 small ones) engaged in the business, and the 25 give employment, in the aggre2~a.te, to something over 20,000 hands. Three firms in the neighborhood of Summer Street give employment to upwards of 2,000 hands each. But of the total 20 - 000 employes of the 25 firms, not more than one-half are located in Boston or vicinity. The other half are residents of back towns, principally in Mame, and the work is s ipped to their homes, and when they have finished, it is re- turned to the manufacturer. The latter has no acquaintance with his numerous work-women in the rural districts of the Pine Tree State. The country store-keepers in the various towns act as his agents, and he ships them huge piles of unmade garments, ready out and accompanied with the trimmings, for all of which the store- keepers are responsible. They, in turn, deliver out the work to the seam- _ stresses, many of whom are farmers’ wives and daughters, who take this method of supplying themselves with alittle surplus cash in return for labor which is performed at odd intervals that frequently could be utilized in no other way. ‘A single country merchant in- one section of Blaine gave out 50,000 pairs of pants to be made up in his town during the year 1878. The best clothing, however, is made up in the city proper, under the direct supervision of the manufacturers. Of the $l5.000.000 worth of clothing which is manufactured in Boston per annun, probably three-fourths are consumed in New England. some of it finding pur- chasers in the very back towns in which it was sewed. The other fourth ‘is distributed through New York State and the VVest. The busy season in the trade is now opening, and prospects are quite satis- factory. A circular which one of the leading houses has issued to its custo- mers. says, among other things : “All kinds of merchandise have dropped to the level of specie payments. The shrinkage that has been going on for many years is no longer a bugbear to merchants. Signs of prosperity are seen, and confidence in this respect is restored. Clothing is as low, if not lower than before the war.” Moan MONEY IN PonLrnY.—Here is another profit and loss account of a small poultry investment: “I have kept account of the eggs we have had from 100 hens for the last two years. These fowls are a mixture of the Bolton Greys and the Brazilian fowls. Their feed is com , buckwheat,and oats, mixed. I feed them twice a dilly n the winter I give them pounded burnt bones, oysters or clam shells, and old mortar. The cost of their food for one year is $100. In 1874 I sold 1,060 dozen eggs, at an average of 23 cents per doz- en, amounting to $243.80. _In 1875 I sold 970 dozen eggs at 23 cents, amount- ing to $223.10.”——0or. Country Gentle- man. LEARN how to swim. The art may some day be the means of saving your life. A knowledge of how to swim will give one more self-possession on the water than will a perfect knowledge of Latin and Greek. Latin verbs and Greek roots do not make good l1fe-pre- eervers.—Hodern Arac- §l}Ia5trr’5 £2-partmvnt. J. J. WOODMAN. - - - PAW PAW Past Masters may be elected represen- tatives to the State Grange. As Section I, of Article III, of the State Grange, seems to be in conflict with rule 4, on page 86,’ of the Digest of the National Grange, I am requested to “make an oflicial ruling in relation to the eligibility of Past Masters to be eiected as voting members of the State Grange.” The theory of our Organization makes every Master of a. subordinate Grange and his wife, ifa Matron, voting mem- bers of that body; but it was found that, in some of the States, the State Granges became too numerous for prac- tical work, and too expensive for the financial system of the Order. It be- came necessary, therefore, to confer power upon the State Grange:-1 to re- duce their voting membership in States where the interest ofthe Order required it ' and the Constitution of the Nation- al Grange was amended so as to read as as follows: STATE GRANGE. SEC. 1. Fifth Degree. Pomona(Hope). Composed of the Masters and Past Mas- ters of Subordinate Granges, and their wives, who are matrons ; provided that Past Masters and their wives, who are inatrons, shall be honorary members, eligible to oflice, but not entitled to vote; and, provided, that when the number of Subordinate Granges in any State become so great as to render it necessary, the State Grange may, in such manner as it may determine, re- duce its representatives by providing for the election of a. certain proportion of those entitled to membership in the State Grange from each County, and and the members so chosen shall con- stitute the voting members of the State Grange. When the By-Law of the State Grange, above referred to, was enacted, the construction put upon this article of the Constitution was that the State Grange had authority to “ reduce” the voting meonbership of that body, and not to make. voting members of those who were prohibited in the same arti- -cle from being such. Hence the election of representatives to the State Grange was confined to the “Masters of Subor- dinate Granges. At the 11th Annual Session of the National Grange, the Worthy Master, J. T. Jones, was called upon to make an oflicial ruling upon the question, “Are Past Masters eligible to be elected representatives to the State Grange?” The following was his ruling, which the N ational Grange sanctioned by in- corporating it into the Digest. “ Past Masters may be elected as rep- resentatives to the State Grange, and when so elected, have a. right to vote therein.” The above ruling, therefore, becomes the supreme law or the Order; and an State By-Law in conflict with it, is null and void. J. J. VVOODMAN, Master of Mich. State Grange. ___________,_______ Errata. In the last VISITOR, M aster’s Depart- ment, the words “eligible to oflice,” should be inserted after the word “Grange,” 111 the fourth line of rule third, so that the rule will read, “Past Masters of Subordinate Granges, whose wives are Matrons, are honorary mem- bers of the State Grange, eligible to of- lice, but not entitled to vote. “Our schools are burdened with too many studies, ologies, isms, and crotch- ets of eccentric examiners, who exact of others what they never do them- selves,” lately said an experienced teacher in the public schools; -and there was ample justification for the re- mark. A boy or girl who has only aifew years to spend at school, and who must leave it to earn a living, has no time to - waste in learning things not necessary, and hardly time to pursue those branches which are the prime objects of rudimentary training. Our most intel- ligent and faithful principals of gram- mar schools are well aware of this fact, and would gladly simplify the course of instruction, but they are powerless to do it. Crotchet-y trustees and commissioners have fine theories of education, which they are bound to try. at the expense of both teachers and pupils.-—Ex. Qlnmmuniratianfi. An Excellent Grange Meeting. SPRINGVILLE Grange, No. 279. Sept. 20th, 1879. l Springville Grange in the capacity of its‘ Saturday afternoon tea parties is still “swinging round the circle,” and this time visited the house of Mr. and Mrs. Arnold Graves. And we may safely say that it was one of the finest in the township, located on the Chicago turnpike, being built of brick and pleasantly located and surrounded, the inside corresponding to the outside in appearance and convenience, the walls being hung with handsome pictures. The bay-window with others filled with the choicest of plants and flowers, cor- roberating the remarks of Mr. Graves, which follows. The exercises of the day were opened by singing from the Patrons’ Song Book. And was followed by a select reading by Miss Emma Drake,entitled, “ \Vomans’ Rights,” not in a. political, but in a household view, the need of having the premises about the house- hold;ornaruented with shrubs and flow- ers was strongly set forth, and closed with the query, “ shall We have it? At the close of the reading an opportunity was given for remarks. Mr. Graves thought the question was of no small importance, he thought we ought to beautify our homes and try to make them pleasant if we would keep our children at home, we must furnish them with innocent games and amusements, for if we deprive them of this at home they will seek them else- where, and where so much innocence is not he found, didn’t we see why the young couldn’t be brought together for amusement and sociability. The farm- ers, as a general thing. were a leading class, but were not conversationalists, and couldn’t readily take up a topic of conversation and carry it through for want of social culture. He thought there were some present who would give all they possessed if they only had the ac- quirements of some they knew. He thought that we ought to cultivate our social natures. Next came as a question for discus- sion, “ The proper care of stock.” R. VVooden said that it was a subject that he had thought a great deal of this season, had always raised a piece of sown corn, and when his cattle began to fail he commenced to feed it out to them, this year had failed to do so and missed it very much. , E. Taylor,——“ It has been my practice to feed them all they could eat. VVhen my pastures faill feed them from the barn and granery. The young lambs I feed a. little oats, also older sheep, but don’t feed them as early. Commence feeding them about the time snow flies. Cattle I treat in a similar manner. Have adopted the plan of sown corn, when cattle will ea.t,feed them from the manger. It is a proper time to com- mence feeding them if in July. J. B. Drake generally fed his cattle whatever they wanted to eat,—pump- kins, rutabagas, or something of that kind but. it was not beneficial to feed too many pumpkins, thought they would keep up the supply of milk. Blackmar cuts his corn, and throws it to his hogs allowing them to eat what they wished, and his cattle would fin- ish it. He finds that nothing goes to waste. Cooper was willing to confess that he did not take care of stock as Well as he knew how; thought full care of stock worthy of our attention. If stock en- tered the winter in good condition they were half Wintered. Wooden would wean lambs when they were three months old. Cooper would wean them when they were able to take care of themselves. Question, “ what is the object of weaning them at all?” “That they may be able to withstand the winter and that the mothers may be able to better stand the Winter.” During the discussion the viewing committee were taking a View of the premises and brought in their report as follows: " Mr. Graves is located on See. 7, town of Cambridge, on a farm of 120 acres, 103 acresunder a. good state of cult1vation,the fences are better than the average, buildings extra. Crops now on the farm; wheat, 30 acres, 20 of which is fallow, 10 acres wheat after wheat, which is his usual custom. VVheat harvested this season,—27 acres, which yielded 30 bushels to the acre. He has 13 acres of corn in the shock. He has 55 acres in pasture and meadow. His old orchard is nearly destroyed by the hard winter, but has a new one set out one year ago last spring of 100 trees. The stock on the farm consists of seven horses, ten head of cattle, com- posed of six milch cows, three year- lings and one calf,7O sheep and 12 ‘hogs, all of which are good and above the av- verage. J. E. GIBBS. Address of D. H. Thing, before the Main State Fair. " The AVVorthy Master of the State Grange of Maine D. H. Thing. -repre- senting the Patrons of that State, made a very sensible address at the opening of the State Fair this year at Portland, of which we give a part below: Remember, Mr. President, I am not talking as a politician. Ours is not a political organization. On no account do we allow party politics to cross the threshold. But while we do not allow politics in the Grange we do not desire to carry the great principles of our Or- der into politics. In talking as a farmer as a laboring man, as one of that great, class of wealth producers who consti- tute not only a majority of all our peo- ple, but also a majority of each of the great political parties of our country. Please look at the representative men and women here to-day, more than up- on any similar occasion in the history of this society. Go over our whole country, visit all the State fairs, county and town fairs, farmers’ clubs, National, State and Subordinate Granges, wool growers and dairymen’s associations, look in on the Farmers’ Alliance, look into the millions of earnest, thoughtful faces, at their hard sinewy forms, their hands calloused by honest toil, a.ndiim- agine for a moment the irristible power, the mighty influence a thorough organ- ization would give them. Did you ever think of it farmers, yourselves? The Order of Patrons seeks to unite all the votaries of agriculture in one vast organization, not to war upon other interests, but to protect its own. To do this, we are not to protest in club and Grange alone, but at the ballot box and in the halls of legislatureas well. Since Maine became a State her farmers have paid half her taxes and cast half her ballots. VVe have had during the time 376 years of service in the popular branch of the National Congress and how many of those years have the far- mers served ‘? Just fourteen—about one year in twenty-seven. Aboutthe same proportion holds good all over the coun- try, and for all that salary grabs, Credit Mobilier swindles and land steals pros- per. Is it any wonder we are “mud sills?” Is it any wonder we occupy the lowest strate? When, and only when we as a class respect ourselves shall we gain the respect of the world. I know that upon former occasions like this, professional men and especially oflice- holders admired to tell us that ours is “ the most honorable occupation,” the “noblest profession,” and that “agri- culture feeds all” and, gentlemen this last consideration is what makes them love us so. When honors are dispensed we hear professional men upon every hand telling us why we should vote for them in preference to some other pro- fessional men in the other party, and while we are deciding the question, we forget to ask ourselves why we should not cut loose from all of them and look out for our own interests. Then far- mers and mechanics, business men and laboring men of Maine, is it not time that we make the real interests of our State paramount to all party considera- tions? Do not let us as Iarmers remain behind in the race for improvement. While mechanics, manufacturers, law- yers, doctors and middlemen combine for their own protection. Let us learn wisdom from them and see to it that our interests are properly fostered and guarded. Let us decide that the Maine State Agricultural Society shall be a famous organization; that its fairs shall be farmers’ opportunities; that the O1‘- der of Patrons shall be a. grand success: that the dairymen’s and wool growers’ associations shall prosper; that the P0- mological society shall help the indus- trious farmer to “ apples of gold in ple- tures of silver;” that our very atmos- phere shall become musical with the busy hum of reviving industries; that agriculture shall take a higher rank and be so far emancipated from the burdens of discriminating legislation that its 1&- bor shall receive a. reward in just pro- portion to that of other industries.” A Few Opinlons g... the School Question. In the article on “ Our Schools,” in the VISITOR of Sept. 15th, the worthy brother takes a decided stand with those who advocate retrenchment in the course of study adopted in our Union Schools. Although this side of the question has many able defenders, I am not still convinced that such a step will permanently benefit the ma- jority. If we throw out the higher branches from our High Schools, we remove still farther from the reach of the masses all higher education. Says President Angel], of Michigan Univer- sity, “It is of vital importance, espec- ially in a Republic, that a higher edu- cation, as well as a common school ed- ucation, is accessible to the poor, as well as to the rich.” But a small percentage of our schol- ars go beypnd the Union Schools; there- fore, if we would benefit the greater number, we should improve our High Schools, retain the higher branches, instead of excluding them. An addi- tional year in the village High School, and one less at the University is a great help to the scholar whose purse is lim- ited. VVe should not overrate the value of a common school education, for if, in many instances, additional knowledge would not increase our chances of self- support, it surely would not diminish them. Even a 5 knowledge of Latin and Greek would not prevent one filling a station ever so humble, and should the opportunity offer, would enable him to improve his condition. The desire to increase in knowledge should be stimulated. It is not merely the contents of the textbooks we need, but the mental training and develop- ment which enables us to acquire knowledge more easily and rapidly; and when we consider how short a time comparatively we have in which to prosecute our life work, it seems advis- able to economize time, and not spend fifty years in learning what we might have learned in twenty-five. It was the trained and cultivated in- tellects that led the way to our present state of civilization, and the power they exert is too great to be moiiopo- lized by a single class. We notice in history that the most conspicuous flgures—the greatest bene- factors of mankind——were those who by their superior intellectual powers were entitled to be the leaders in all times and nations. And I claim that the prosperity of any country or nation is advanced by furnishing higher educa- tion as well common, at less than its cost; for, as says a learned scientist : “Education has come to be regarded as a leading force not only in producing the best results in public intelligence, virtue and citizenship, but also in de- veloping the physical strength and ma- terial prosperity of the nation, attended with a. corresponding increase of the national wealth.” A. L. F. Programme for Kent Co. Grange. Bro. J. T. Cobb : Kent County Grrange will meet at Alpine Grange’Hall, Oct. 29th, ’79, at 10 o’clock, and the following pro- gramme will be the order for the meet- ing: Opening of the Grange. Address of \Velcome, by the VVorthy Master of Alpine Grange, R. J. Brown. Reply, by the Worthy Master ofKent _C0. Grange, John Porter, of Wyom- ing. Music, under the direction of H. G. Holt, of Ada. Regular orderof business, reports of Committees, etc. “ FOR THE GOOD on THE ORDER.” Under this head members will re- 3P0Dd, by essay or otherwise, as fol- lows: “Routine of Crops, and System on the Farm,’, by Bro. Samuel Langdon, 0l Paris. “The Best Horse for all VVork. Their Care and Training,” by Bro. A. N. Nor- t°{1,,0f Wyoming. ‘ Agriculture Fairs and Their Bene- fits to Agriculture,” by Hon. Bro. Ly- m§‘n‘Murray, of Alpine. 0I1;‘loyyeir)s and Their Iniiiueiice onf 6. v “ ' e , 0 walker. 3 Sister _Maria an y “Gilt-Edged Butter,” by Sister A. ullgdon, of Paris. Practical Education,” by Sister I. -_,Di§vis,of Paris. Discipline in the Grange” (contin- TI-IE GRANGE VISI’FOR.. ued) by BIO. P. VVhitney, 0fBy1'on. E9333’. by Sister \V. T. Remington, of Bowen. “The advantages of a genera] know}- edge and the necessity of applying the same to be successful in business” (con- tlmledly by Bro. E. A. Burliiigame, of VV yoiriin g. All fourth degree members are cordi- ally invited to attend. Yours fraternally, JoHN PRESTON, Lect. Kent Co. Grange. Property Exempt from Execution. The following comprises the prop- erty exempt from forced sale upon ex- ecution, or any other final process from a Court: I-loniesteads, containing any quantity of land not exceeding forty acres, and the dwelling house thereon and its ap- purtenances, to be selected by the ownér thereof, and not included in any re- corded town plat, city or village; or instead thereof, at the option of the owner, a quantity of land not exceeding in amount one lot, being within a. town plat, city or village, and the dwelling house thereon and its appurtenances, owned and occupied by any resident of the State, not exceeding in value fifteen hundred dollars.—Ai‘t. 16, Sec. 2, Coiist. Mich. Comp, Laws, Sec. 6,137. Any person owning and occupying any house on land not his own, and claiming said house as a homestead, shall be en titled to the exemption afore- said.—Comp. Laws, Sec. 6,142. The following comprises the personal property exempt from execution: 1st—All spinning wheels, weaving looms with the apparatus, and stoves put up and kept for use in any dwelling house. Z/'d—A seat, pew, or slip occupied by any person or family, in any house or place of public worship. _3d~—-All cemeteries, tombs and rights ot burial, while in use as repositories of the dead. 4th——-All arms and accoutreiiients required by law to be kept by any per- son; all wearlng apparel of every person or family. 5th The library and school books of every individual and family, not ex- ceeding one hundred aiid fifty dollars, and all family pictures. 6th—To every householder ten sheep, with their fleeces, and the yarn or cloth manufactured from the same. two cows, five swine, and provisions and fuel for comfortable subsistence of such liouse- holder or family for six months. 7th—'I‘o each householder all house- holder, all household goods, furniture and utensils, not exceeding in value two hundred and fifty dollars.—Coinp. Laws, Sec. 6,101. 8t-h-—The tools, implements, mater- ials, stock, apparatus, team, vehicle, horses, harness, or other things to ena- ble any person to carry on the trade occupation or business in which he is wholly or principally engaged, not ex- ceeding iii value two hundred and fifty dollars.—Comp. Laws, Sec. 6,101. The word team in this subdivision, shall be construed to mean either one yoke of oxen, a horse, or a pair of ‘horses, as the case may be. The property above mentioned under subdivision eight, excepting mechan- ical tools and implements of husbandry, shall not be exempt from any execution issued upon a judgment rendered for the purchase money for the same prop- ei'ty.—Uoinp. Laws, See. 6,13 . &ith—A sufiicient quantity of hay_ grain feed, and roots, whether growing or otherwise, for properly keepin,-g for six nioiiths the animals in the several subdivisions of this section are ex- empted l'rom execution.—‘Comp. Laws, Sec. 6,101. All sewing machines owned by indi- viduals and kept for the actual use of themselves or their families, shall be exempt from levy and sale on execu- tion, not exceeding one such machine for each family.—C‘.omp. Laws, Sec. 6,133. All fire engines, and apparatus _for and ordinarily used by fire companies, in the extinguishment of fires, which are now owned, or may hereafter be purchased and owned by any incorpor- ated city or village, and kept_for the use of any fire companies therein, and all waterworks, with the buildings, nia- chinery, and fixtures, and the ground occupied thereby, now_ owned by any incorporated city or village, and used or intended ‘to be used for the supply- ing of water for the extiiiguishment o fires, and the use of inhabitants, shall be and are hereby exempted from levy or sale for any debt, damages, fine, or assessment wliatever.——Comp. Laws, Sec. 2,0-56. Cooling Wltliout Ice. The Ilfaine Farmer, in a notice of a. large refrigerator, now in operation in Boston, ammonia being the agent for producing cold, says : " A curious feature of the perform- ance is that the absorption of heat, gases and moisture constantly accumu- lates a great quantity of snow in the machine room each day, and the novel spectacle is presented of men shoveling up snow from the floor of a. building, outside of which the thermometer stands among the nineties, and spread- ing it out on the roof to melt in the summer sun. The buildings is kept nearly full of perislisble provisions, 100,000 packages of butter, 300 barrels of beef and 3,500 dozen. of eggs being among the present stock on hand, and the produce and commission h0l].‘~e-.1 which patronize it report that their goods are kept better than in vaults cooled by ice.” This new development is still in pro- cess of development. When it may become applicable to dairying, it will work a revolution in the business. There are many situations adapted for dairying, where ice is difficult to obtain, and yet a cool temperature is essential to anecononiical workingxand especially to keeping the products. Storing Potatoes. Pick out all diseased ones, and put about thirty bushels together. Place a lump of lime, about the size of a man's head, in the center of the pit, and give the potatoes a good dusting with lime before covering over. If the tubers are free from disease, large quantities may be pitted together; in this case, baskets filled with lumps of hard lime may he used. In case trenches are used, place these baskets about 14 feet apart. Pota- toes should be kept as dry as possible. and the lime assists in this by absorb- ing the moisture during the time the potatoes sweat, preventing over-heat- ing. It draws water from the tubers and makes them more mealy. This process has long been used in England. THE sooner the youth of this country are compelled by the scope and tenden- cy of our public school system to recog- nize that only one boy in a. hundred can be a lawyer, doctor or clergyman, the better it will be for the American peo- ple. To that end it is essential that our methods of training shall cease to foster the silly and abortive preference for the so-called gentlemanly pursuits,— shall squarely face the fact that manual labor is the sphere in which the great major- ity of the human race are destined to move, and that it is skill and genius which have transformed the world, and which should command the highest prizes in the race of life.—N. Y. Sun. 3 ?NAILs.—-Many persons are puzzled to understand what the terms fourpenny, sixpenny, tenpenny, mean as applied to nails. Fourpenny means four pounds to the thousand nails, sixpenny six pounds to the thousand, and so on. It is an old English term, meaning at first ten pound nails (the thousand being understood;) but the old Englishman clipped it to tenpenny, and from that it degenerated until penny was substi- tuted t'or pounds. So when you ask for four-penny now days, you want those which will weigh four pounds. When a thousand nails weigh less than a pound they are called tacks, etc., and are reckoned by ounces. “ THIS, dear children, is the shoe of a Chinese lady. See how small it is; what a very narrow sole it has.” “ I’ll bet it ain’t as narrow as Deacon -——’s. Father says that his soul will fall thro’ a crack in the floor some day and get lost! ” was a shrill comment of a boy given to sharp listening. The superin- tendent put the shoe in his pocket, and requested the pupils to sing “Pull for the Shore.” .__.__.__.________.__. Statistics show the annual tax his fences occasion to the farmer of New York State, to be $1.12} per acre, and the total average cost to each farmer in Maine to be $100 ; the total annual cost of fences in the-United States is esti- mated at $200,186,172. In’ view of these facts. a cheaper and at the same time equally etficient substitute for our old fences seems to he demanded.— Ex- ’ change. Bee Rnnching in California. This is a famous country for bees and the making of honey, and at many a breakfast table in distant Europe to- day the waflle is spread with sweets that have been filched from the hearts of atliousand California flowers. In the mouth of almost every canon there is a bee-ranch or apiary, whose own- ergrowsindolent and prosperous from the labors of his industrious subjects‘. Here there are no long winters with dearth of flowers, through which the patient workers must be nursed and fed in order that they may live until the opening of the next field-season. These bee-ranches are models of neat- ness and domestic comfort, and the profession of'bee-keeping is rapidly be- coming popular among persons of little physical strength, or small financial capital, or both; such as maiden ladies, broken down ministers,’ bachelor stu- dents, and dilettante farmers who fancy that the royal road to bucolic happiness lies through the flowery beds of H. bee- pasture. Their expenses are as light as a. hermit in his cave, and what stores of honey are laid up are so much clear gain, as the bees board themselves while they work, and work unceusing- Iy for the winter which never comes. When the hive is full, the cakes of honey are removed, the liquid is strain- from the cells, and the empty cups are replaced, to be filled again and again. This economical process prevents a waste of labor and time in the gather- ing of wax and the building of new bins in the storehouse. Walking outin the morning in the green brush wood of these canons you hearaloud and continuous buzzing of wings, and, although there may not be a flower in sight, it is as ceaseless and strong as in a. buckwheat patch or a clover field at home. This humming of bees is nature’s tenor ‘voice, as the roaring of water is her bass. There is a. cure for houiesickness in the bees mono- tone, even though the authors be per- fectly wild, as, indeed many of these are. in such a country you cannot feel utterly lonesome and lost.—-»Sun- day Afternoon. THE Cosr or RAISING A BoY.——'l‘he heaviest tax that can be imposed upon 9. nation is one that is paid in human lives. From whatever point of view the subject may be regarded, this con- clusion is irresistible. if we look at it according to purely economical consid- erations, we may obtain very remarka- ble results. It has been estimated that an actual money cost of $300 is incurred in raising a boy, cradled among the poorest classes, from birth to manhood. It does not require us to advance very high in the social scale before we find that this estimate must be trebled. if we take what may be called the cost price of the human unit at any definite time, say at £500 on arriving at matu- rity, the producing powerof the unit in question will bear some relation to that sum ; the more costly and careful edu- cation producing, as a rule, the most valuable results,as tdproductive power. If the laborer who earns 14s. or 153. a Week, adds £50 a year to the wealth of the country, the physician, the scien- entific, military or naval otticer, the barrister, or the engineer, may look for- ward io the time when his yearly labor will be worth more than a hundred times that amount, even if appraised only by the price he is actually paid for his time. Taking any producing individual, whether valued at £50 _or at £5,000 per annum, at any period of his career, no income tax to which he can be subjected can approach in its pres- sure the extravagantxta-gr of death. For the payment of that tax at oiice_anni_hi- lates the total earning power _ot which there was, until that inonieiit, ii. fair mathematical expect-ation.— Popular Science Monthly. _____.__..___.__.__.._..—._. A CORRESPONDENT of the Scientific Ainerican says: “ Let anyone who has an attack of Lockjaw take a_ small quantity of turpentine, warm it and pour it on the wound, no matter where the wound is, and relief will_tollow in less than one minute. Nothing better can be applied to a severe c_uL 0i_‘ bruise. than cold turpentine; It will giye cer- tain relief almost instantly. '1 urpe_n- tine is also‘ a. sovereign remedy lor cioup. Saturate a. piece of flannel with it and place the flannel on the throat and chest, and in every severe case three or four drops on a lump of sugar may be taken inwardly. Every fami- should have a. bottle un~ha.nd‘.”' .— —- =-.._;§*-:=-3:!-:.....-=‘*~:::e:_+.eer' . 4 THE GRANGE VISITOR. THE GRANGE VISITOR. —.-.—. SGFIOOLCRAFT. OCT. 1, 1879. Szrrrtarya fltpartment. - SCHOOLCRAFT. J. '1‘. coins, - - - Oflicers and members of Subordinate Granges in corresponding with this oilice, will please always give the Number of their Grange. SECRETARIES ! Please report at once for quarter ending March 31st and June 30th, ’7 9.. ABOUT LETTERS. Most of our readers know that as Secretary of the Mich. State Grange since April’16, 1873 we must not only have written a large number of letters to a great many different peo- ple, but we must have received a great many thousand in that time. Before the close of our oflicial term we expect to receive a few thousand more, and as some of our correspond- ents take the VISITOR and will read this article, we invite their attention to so much, or that part of this letter business, as appears on the face of the envelope. We dont own any treatise on the art of letter-writing, and never did; we never borrowed one to read; we never picked up and read one that was lying around; and,.therefore not having been educated in the regular way, it might seem quite preposterous for us to write upon this subject of dz'rect2'7zg letters, for that is all we start- ed out to write about this time. But we have found out that it does not so much matter how a thing is learned as to know it, and be sure we know it well. This society or organization of “Patrons of Husbandry” was to ad- vance and improve the mental, moral, and pecuniary condition of the Ameri- can farmer, to foster education, and cultivate and refine the tillers of the soil, and remove, by such positive im- provement of the class, that feeling of inferiority so often seen and felt even among farmers themselves. This feeling of " nothing but a farmer,” which was entertained to a considera- ble extent by that part of society that - had a little more polish and wore bet- ter clothes. The Grange proposed to extinguish this, and it only could be done by the actual improvement of the farmer class. The feeling of inferiority was an accepted condition on the part of the farmers themselves and their families. It was seen by the founders of the Order that the mere ‘bringing of farm- ers and their wives frequently togeth- er would not only be a source of en joyment but would tend to that sort of education and improvement that is more valuable than much that is learned in schools. From our acquaintance with the work of the Order, with results ac- complished, we are prepared to say that the founders of the Order didnot misjudge the good effects which must result from their organization. VVe have been in a position to wit- ness the good effects produced, and the marked improvements made in many ways by individuals; and the in movement and culture of indi- Vida. ds contributes to advance to a higher plane society itself, as classes and communities are but aggregations of individual members. It is not today a matter of inquiry whether the farmers of the country are increasing in intelligence, whether the agricultural class are taking a on a line :Wli3l1 the State. higher stand, for it is an accepted fact. But we have just caught sight of the head of this article, and suspect our readers may think We are wander- ing, so we will come back again to letters. As the inside of what passes for a letter generally concerns but very few persons we shall pay no attention to the inside, we will leave that to those who send and receive letters; for just now that does not concern us. We intcnded,when we began, to write only about the outside, for that is in a cer- tain sense public property, at least there is nothing private about it,most- ly strangers have to do with that af- ter it leaves the hands of the writer. As I intimated, these grangers are learning many things, in fact “looking up.” They Write many letters to me, and their average appearance is much better than five years ago. But I get one occasionally that don’t look first rate. For instance, when my name is written so close to the top of the envelope in the northwest corner that it looks as though it might slip off and get lost, I really don’t like it. I can’t help thinking that the Writer did not use his eyes to a good purpose, or he would not have taken any such risk. And another will tuck name, post-office, county, and state close down in the right- hand corner, huddling all together so they can keep warm, not a laudable object in dog-days. Now as I have plainly stated, I don’t know what the books teach about directing a letter, but I think it safe to say that in this matter of directing a letter the usage of our best business men who write a good bold hand, must be as near right as We need care to get, and when I tell any one what suits me I shall say first, write the name of the party addressed just as near the middle of the envelope as you can get it without actual meas- urement, next write the name of’ the post-oflice below, a little to the right, and then the name of the State, or the usual abbreviation of the State, near the bottom and still farther to the right but not so near to the bottom that y, or g, or other letter that needs room will look uncomfortable. Last- ly write the county below to the left A letter thus directed will not only look well, but is sure to reach its destination without delay. Unless the place is an important one, the county should be a part of the address, in compliance with a request from the Post Master General, that was posted in every post-oflice in the land a few years ago. There are so many post-offices of the same name in the country that let- ters go wrong for the want of the county as a part of the direction. As we have said our say about di- recting a letter, it seems a good time to say, never buy those cheap yellow envelopes. I don’t know where they are made, or what of, but they are shoddy goods, and really worthless. They wear out in the mails traveling a hundred miles. We get them not unfrequently, mailed in this State, when money orders or cash were plainly in sight through the worn rents. - . If you want envelopes that are very cheap and good, buy Manilla. They cost by the M. but a dollar, and an- swer a good purpose. All stamped envelopes furnished by the P. 0. Department are always of good quality. This class of goods, and most all stationery, is retailed at a large profit——greater than a Granger who minds his own business, and does it well, should pay. Buy good goods in such quanties that you need pay but a fair price, and then use freely. \ We are not always pleased with the ' way we find a sheet of paper folded when we get it out of an envelope. For instance, when we pull out a sheet of old fashion cap paper, and find it folded first lengthwise through the middle, and then folded in,-—or a sheet of common note paper, folded the long way first, then doubled in the middle. This, to us, seems awk- ward. Two extremes should be avoided. The use of such small envelopes that a sheet must, by repeated foldings, become a wadto get it in the envel- ope, and the folding of a sheet so that it fills but half the envelope used. We frequently get quarterly reports doubled up in a very unbusiness-like way, showing no attention has been given this subject, about which we are writing. The Grange was established for the purpose of making our people better farmers, and our farmers better busi- ness men, and as small matters in farming, all taken together, go to make up a general whole, so in busi- ness, the completeness of the details, or small matters, give character to the work performed. This matter to which I have called attention seems a small thing not worth so much space, but then dol- lars are made up of cents, as they al- ways were. The aggregate of habits, practices, and notions which we entertain, give us the character which we have, be it good or bad, and makes us more or less valuable members of society. It is faili11g to teach in our schools these little practices, that make no show on commencement, but are like- ly to afterward,that is calling forth from practical men severe criticisms upon our schools under present man- agement. VV1-3 have delayed as long as we dared in correcting up the list of Granges entitled to representa- tion and shall mail when printed, as fast as possible, the VISITOR of Oct. 1st, containing the list as corrected up to the last hour of going to press. VVe know of some Grangcs in good working order, whose numbers are not in this list simply because of the care- lessness of the Master, or Secretary, or both. While it is the duty of the Secretary to make reports quarterly to this oflice, it is the duty of the Mas- ter of every Subordinate Grange to know that this work is done by the Secretary. The Grange is entitled to representation, and oflicers certainly have no right to prevent such repre- sentation by inattention to known duties. We continue in this Number the list of Granges delinquent in reports for the quarter ending March 31st. 1879, and hope to send before the 7th of October, receipts of dues paid, to several more Secretaries so that their Granges will have a place in their County Convention. Several are not only delinquent for March, but for previous quarters. Such Granges are not in this list. List of Granges delinquent in re- ports for the quarter, ending March, 31st, 1879. 3, 13, 21, 23. 28, 52, 62, 68, 86, 125, 126, 147, 178, 194, 214, 218, 245, 246, 256, 257, 263, 268, 279, 286, 295, 326, 334, 345, 358, 360, 367,368, 383, 422, 426, 402, 409, 431, 455, 465, 485, 521, 553, 562, 589, 602, 630. WE see by the _Husbandman that T. A. Thompson, past Lecturer of the National Grange will devote a few weeks of October and November lect- uring in the State of New York. His public lectures are always interesting and instructive, and his private lect- ures on Grange work are always com- mended by those who hear him. GENERAL N OTICE. The following Granges are entitled to representation in the County and District Conventions,to be held Tues- day the 7th of October, 1879, by vir- tue of Sec. 1, Article 3, of By-Laws of Michigan State Grange, as appears by the accounts of the several Subor- dinate Granges of this jurisdiction on this;29th day of September. Any Grange not included in this list whose Secretary shall report and pay dues after this 29th day of Sep- tember, whose Representatives duly elected show a receipt for such dues, signed by me for the quarter, ending March 31st, 1879 on which receipt is endorsed “ Entitled to Representa- tion,” should be allowed to participate in the work of the Convention. Allegan—3 Rep. Nos. 37, 53, 154, 238 247. 248, 271 296, 338, 339, 364, 390, 407’ 461 “>1 ’ , 5:. . 1-i’arry—2R1ep.438, 127, 128, 145, 243,264,424, 72, 591. . ]3’er7"£en—3 Rep. 14, 40, 41, 43, 46, 80, 81, 84. 87, 104, 122, 223, 188, 194. 382, Bra-nclL—-1Rep. 88, 136 152, 217, 400. Cat/toun——2 Rep. 65,66: 83, 85,96,129, 130, 14” 200, 292. aCCtS's21 Rep. 42, 162, 167, 355, 427. (}linton—2 Rep. 140, 202, 225 226, 342, 3-13, 459 487. Eato7i.—1 Rep. 67,134, 260, 301, 315, 361. Genessec--1 Rep. 118, 250, 387. Htllsdate—3 Rep. 74, 78, 106, 107, 108, 133, 183, 251, 269, 273, 274, 285, 568, Ing/wnn—2 Rep. 7, 54, 115, 189, 235, 241, 262, 289, 322, 347, 540. Iom'a——2Rcp. 163, 174, 175, 185, 187, 190, 191, 19;’, :72, 281, 325, 430. Jackson—l Rep. 2, 28, 45, 155, 227, 320, 321, 344. Kala7nazo0—2 Rep. 8, 11, 16, 18, 24, 49, 61, 72, 171, 203. 1('ent—4 Rep 19, 31, 39,64, 373%, :22, 110,113,170, 219, 2; , 2‘. , ‘.7 , .3 ‘ 0, 348,350, 353,479. 563, 524, 634, ’ Lenaxwee-—2 Rep. 212, 213, 276, 278, .280, 293, 384, 438, 576. L1,’vt'ngston—1 Rep.4 6, 55,-190,5?114, 336. .Macomb—1 Rep. 03, , 7, }r[am'stee—l Rep. 556, 557, 580. 1’|1ecosta—1 Rep. 362, 474, 475, 517, 5‘-‘0. o.1[ontcalm—1 Rep. 318, 337, 440, 441, 590. ’ d.llusl:e,g/on-1 Rep. 372, 373, 316. _ J_Vewa,z/go—1 Rep. 494, 495, 511, 544, ~- 5. U 0a]c[and—3 Rep. 141, 253, 259 267, 275, 283, 323, 328, 335, 377, 395, 408, 443. 0ttawa—1 Rep. 30, 112, 201, 313, 421, 458. St. Clair-1 Rep. 404, 462, 463, 480, 481, 491. st, Jos€ph—2 Rep. 76, 199 228, 239, 236, 266, 291, 303, 304, 332, 333. Shiawctssec—1 Rep. 151, 160, 180, 228, 229, 252, 388, 606. Sagz'naw——1 Rep. 326, 464, 572. 599,. 1 Va1n?9Bi77€n§.;Li)R.§& 319' 621% 32’ ()0. 58: ‘)1 Lynvvii 1001 ' Wash.tenaw—2 Rep. 56, 59, 92, 239, 329, 399, 351, 476, 631. For the purpose of representation, as provided in said Section 1, Article 3, the following counties_are formed into representative districts. And I would recommend that the several Conventions for these Representative Districts be held at the County seat of the County having the largest num- ber of Granges entitled to representa- tion. First District-1_Rep._ Ba.y—Nos. 597, 635. Midland—No. 603. Second District—1 Rep. Grand Traverse—Nos. 379, 638. LeelanaW—Nos. 374, 375, 380. Benzie—Nos. 381, 503. Third District——1 Rep. _ Tuscola—Nos. 513, 523, 526, 543. 582. ~ Sanilac—No. 417, 566. Fourth District—-1 Rep. Oceana—-Nos. 393, 401, 406, 497. Mason—No 415. Fifth District—1 Rep. Wayne-Nos. 331, 393, 467, 618, 622, 636 Monroe—No. 492, 509. Sixth District—1 Rep. Mecosta—Nos- 362, 474, 475, 517. Osceola—No. 629. Seventh District—1 Rep. Manistee—556, 557, 580. Wexford—632, 633. . .A,..:D—-.-éa{--:-a,~e—.&_e-.- 1 TI-IE GRANGE VISITOR. 5 iecturvrh flepattmmi. MUSKEGON. C. L. WHITNEY, - - - State Picnic at Grandville. On the morning of the 22d of August We were bestir early, and in company with the Ceres of the State Grange, and many of our neighbors, met Bro. VVhitehead and the Oceana brothers and sisters, en route for Grandville. At Nunica, we found the Spring Lake delegation, and as we neared Grand Rapids we could have guessed there was to be a Grange gathering some- where. At the Union depot in the Valley City was Gen. Agent Nichols, of the Chicago & VVest Michigan Ry., and his special train to take us to the picnic grounds. VVe found the train full and nearly all Patrons. People from Oceana, Muskegon, Ottawa, Kent, Mecosta, Montcalm, Ionia, Clin- ton, Eaton, Barry, Ingham, Oakland, and many other counties, were on board, bound to make a day of it. All were glad to see each other, if one can judge by the hearty grips and greetings given and returned. A moment and we are at the M. S. & L. S. crossing, standing in the middle of Bro. Cobb’s train of ten coaches. How did they look? Full and “could not help it," just like bee hives in June before swarm- ing, but unlike bees they began to drop off and crowd into our train. A head above the others and followed by broad shoulders, and we knew the queen bee had come to help in the Master of the State Grange and Worthy Overseer of the National Grange; also the \Vortliy Pomona of the National and Flora of the State Grange; then come VVorthy Secretary Cobb, and as many at could find standing room inside and outside, and we went on leaving the rest for an- other load. Five minutes took us by the plaster mill and quarry into the sugar bush, and more people than we had on the train. From Bro Cobb's train were represen- tatives from Allegan, Kalamazoo, Cass, Van Buren, Calhoun, St. Joseph, and Branch Counties, while on the grounds were brothers and sisters from up the Lake, even Berrien and Van Buren, with Bro. \VoodrufI‘, VVorthy Gate Keeper of the State Grange; Bro. Mars, of the Executive Committee, and Bro. and Sister Green, Asst. and Lady Asst., and Sister Ewing, Pomona, and Bro. Tooker, Steward of the State Grange. Ten of the thirteen officers of the State Grange were present and in regalia, as were the oflicers of Berrien and St. Joseph Pomona Granges, and the offi- cers and members of the Kent County Grange. Most of the members present wore regalia—ma.ny wore it full and with true Patronly dignity, not in a string across the shoulder, is often the case. \Ve would like to speak of the banners, but space forbids. They were neat with many beautiful and Suggestive emblematic teachings. Give more attention to this, was our mental comment. ’l‘he local committee (named in the VISITOR of August 15th) had done well the work assigned them. The grounds W_ere, by the labors and untiring efforts of Day Taylor, in prime condition ; the seating capacity was well arranged and substantial. The speakers’ stand was a model in form, well built. well Placed, and tastefully decorated. It was backed, sided and covered, to help the voice of the speakers. The floor was carpeted, and the sides lined with CambrIc—and all nicely trimmed with green. Pictures were appropriately ‘hung at intervals. In the centre of U1_e back wall was a paper holder filled with papers, prominent among which Was the GRANGE VISITOR. Over this ‘Was the initial letter of the Order, _‘I’. of H.,” in old English text, 10 Inches each in length. In front of the stand was -tlie motto of the Order in gold letters upon dark back ground—preaching a long sermon to every beholder. lt was, “ Vis, Unita F°"5u07‘. Power or strength united is s.tl'°nEel‘.” Each farmer is a power and ‘Hey united are stronger, and mighty if all are joined together as they should 9- Proof: our success in the plaster question, and everywhere when we 03226 worked together under mutual i 0n the posts and corners we saw the mp}-Bment of labor of our Order, the shePhel'd’s hook and crook, sickle, and ever Vizilant owl. At the left was the stand for singers, with the organ in place. The gavel announced the order of the day had begun, and Bro. John Porter, master of ceremonies, announced mu- sic; then followed an appropriate prayer by the Chaplain, which was succeeded by a well selected piece of music. Bro. E. A. Burlingame’s address of welcome was brief, to the point, and well re- ceived, to which response was made as announced in the published pro- gramme Another selection was well sung, and Vi/orthy Master VVoodiriaii was announced. The earnest attention given to every word and the general quiet was proof that what he said was a l‘lCh repast enjoyed by all present. Singing was next, and a call to dinner sounded along the lilies, and no one seemed to need urging. Baskets and other packages were opened and their contents spread ont and eaten to the full satisfaction of all. V/Vyoming Grange were the hosts of the officers of the day, of the State Grange, representatives of the press, the railroad officials and other invited parties. The tables were long, well set, and full of everything to tempt as well as satisfy the appetite. Around this board were assembled the guests, and grace said by the Chaplain, when the whistle announced the return of the train. Just time to take a cup of coffee, which was delicious, and went to the spot, and the train, loaded as before, stopped before us. Friend Nichols had barely time to drink his coffee and ex- change a pleasant word with the guests before the bell called him to the train to return for another load. Our diiiner—a regular banquet-—over, visiting began and continued lively for half an hour. New acquaintances were formed, old ones renewed, and all went merry as a wedding. The gavel again called to labor, an- other piece was sung, and Bro. Wliite- head was announced, and all crowded to hear the \Vorthy Lecturer of the National Grange. Many had heard him before, and all Wanted to hear him now, zwhich they did for an hour or so, and Bro. Vvhitehead closed the series of his earnest and valuable lec- tures in this State. Short talks were then given by Bi'os. Cobb, James, and Mrs. Mason, and an- other train came loaded with people, and was soon re-filled to return, while others stayed to visit and enjoy them- selves. \Ve were pleased to meet President Thayer, Sec. Cox, and Directors Stout, Sherwood, Chapman. Divine, Adams, and others of the VVesterii Mich. Agl. dc In(l’l Society, most of whom ' had their ladies with them. By the courtesy of Friend VV. A. Berkey, of Grand Rapids, we found conveyance for Bro. VVhitehead to the depot, and thanking him heartily in behalf of the Order of our State, we sadly said good-by to him, and bade him God speed in his labors to come. Looking around we saw that the Patrons took much pleasure and inter- est in visiting the quarry, tracks, sheds and mill of Bros. Day & Taylor, and in more than one home are to-day me- mentoes of that day’s visit. Vvhen you see them let your minds recall the principle, old as it is, “ In union there is strength” ; and we have cheap plaster because of united action, and will in the future, if unity is continued. Look- ing about the grounds for things to criticise, we see we had overlooked the rrains, fruits, and flowers used so boun- tifully in the decoration of the stand, and, as a whole, commend the stand and its arrangement to all Patrons as a pattern, and would only add as essen- tial a small table or stand on which should be a Bible open to the words, “Be cheerful and united.” In conclusion, we, in behalf of all present, thank the Kent County Grange for the interest taken by them in making the meeting a success; the various committees to whom so much of the successful detail is due; the members of Wyoming Grange, from whose bounty so many guests were fed, and to whose taste in decoration so much pleasure is due ; and also heartily thank Bros. Day & Taylor for their ul1~ tiring efforts to make the meeting so enjoyable and useful. We are also under obligations to the railroad oth- cials whose courtesy aided us so much in reaching and returning from the grounds. . _ Of the lessions and impressions of the lecture tour, and its ‘influence upon the future of the Order _we shall have more to say in the coming number of our little paper. Don’t wait for the future. but work, work, act in the living present. Declaration of Purposes. There needs to be a better understand- ing of the purposes of our Order and its fundamental law, not only by the outside world, but by the members themselves,—hence we urge the publi- cation of these documents in the next number of the Visiroa. and then hope the same matter will be printed and bound in pamphlet foriu for sale and distribution. It can be offered at $2.00 per hundred copies. VVill not the Granges state how many they will take and inform Sec. Cobb, that enough may be published. Bro. Wliltelie:ul’s Appointments. ‘Ihad hoped to have announced in this paper a full list of Bro. White- hea.d's October and November appoint- ments iii Michigan. Have arranged for a number, but not definitely enough to announce them, and have a few day’s left, and all parties wishing his services should write at once and secure the same. The History of Petroleum. A correspondent of the P/iilaclelphia Times, writing from Oil City, Pa., thus briefly sketches the history of the now universally used petroleum: “ In 1844 petroleum was used as a medicine. At that time, and up to 1853, it was known as ‘Seneca oil,’ probably on account of it having been found on the surface of Seneca Lake, and having first been used by the Seneca Indians as a inedi- cine. The mode of obtaining this oil, at that period of its history, was by throwing blankets on the surface of still water where the oil was wont to ac- cumul-ate,an(i after they had become sat- urated the oil was extracted by wriiig- ing the blanket. From this primitive beginning has grown one of the lead- ing industries in this State. It was not-, however, until the years 18.33-4 that pe- troleum began to be Valued as an illuin- inator, and this only in a limited way, for it was then burned in its crude state in old lard oil lamps, which were liable to explode any time. “Bl-wteen 1854 and 18:37 it became known that the explosive qualities of this product could be removed by sub- jecting it to a process of distillation,and from that time its value began to be recognized. Here a diflicultv arose. The oil could not be gathered in suffi- cient quantities to supply the demands and something must be done or the new industry would l'all through. Ac- cordingly in the year 1858 ajoint stock company was organized for the purpose of boring into the rock in quest of the now valuable oil, and Col. E. N. Drake was placed at the head of this company, with full power to push the enterprise. The work proved to be full of difficul- ties. The facilities for probing the hard rock at that time were exceedingly limited. The derricks used were only thirty feet high and the drilling tools weighed only in the neighborhood of two hundred and fifty pounds, and the old ‘horse power’ was used for run- ning the machinery. VVith all these difficulties to contend with the work progressed slowly, and it was not until August 8th, 1859, that the drill struck the shale rock at a depth- of seventy-one feet and the well filled up’to within five inches of the surface. A small pump was inserted, and the production was found to be about forty barrels per diem, at which rate it kept up for sev- eral months. This well was located in Cherry Tree township, Venango coun- ty, about two miles from what is now the city of Tit-usville, on the banks of Oil Creek. Other wells soon followed, and people began to_ flock to this new field of excitement, ready to tap the veins from which the liquid wealth poured in such profusion. l\'ortliwestei'n Grand Trunk. Manager Peck, of the Northwestern Grand Trunkarrived at the C. & N. E. headquarters last Friday morning, and took formal possession of the road at noon. He says the new company will build a new depot in this city this fall, and will immediately commence the erection of an elevator, and an oppor- tunity will be given some enterprising grain operator to take charge of _the same. Trains began to run last Friday over this through route. A general ticket and freight office will be estab- lished in the central part of this city.-— Lansing Republican. The Teachers’ Profession. There is no profession that is so im- practicable as the teacher’s profession ; no set of men believe less in each other. A basis of principles is yet to be laid down, upon which all can harmonize. And probably this is the first work of an educationalassociation. If it had taken up the address of Dr. Mayo, and resolutely faced the unpleasant state- ments it contained, and devised a rem- edy which each would pledge himself and herself to apply, there would have been definite results in a year or two. The same is true of State and County associations. Let the dread1'ul essay, the endless papers be laid on the shelf. Come down to hard-pa.n,gent1e- men and ladies. State the defects of our so-called systems; prepare brief tracts to go to the people to correct pub- lic sentiment; devise means to advance the art; state clearly, year by year, the methods, according to the latest dis- coveries, by which teachers teach, and you will show good reasons why such associations should be held.—ZVe'w York School Journal. Effects of Food and Drink. Dr. Bock of Leipsic, wries as follows on the moral effect of different articles of food and drink: “The nervousness and peevishness of our times are chiefly attributable to tea and coffee; the di- gestive organs of confirmed coffee- drinkers are in a state of chronic de- ran gcment, which reacts on the brain, prod uciiig fretful and lachrymose moods. Fine ladies addicted to strong coffee have a characteristic temper, which I might describe as a mania for acting the persecuted saint. Chocolate is neutral in its psychic effects, and is really the most harmless of our‘ fashionable drinks. The siiappish, petulant humor of the Chinese can certainly be ascribed to their immoderate fondness for tea. Beer is brutalizing, wine impassions, whisky infuriates, but eventually unmans. Al- coholic drinks, combined with a flesh and fatcliet, totally subjugate the moral man, unless their influence is counter- acted by violent exercise. But with sedentary habits they produce those un- happy flesh sponges which may be studied in metropolitan bachelor halls, but better yetin wealthy convents. The soul that may still linger in a fat Au- strian abbot is functional to his body only as salt is to pork—in preventing mmediate putrefaction.” The Saddle Horse. The memory of man extendeth to the day when the boys on the farm were proud to ride a fine young horse to church or to see the girls. He took pride in the colts, and taught them to move freely under the saddle, and above all when the colt was bro- ken he was taught to walk. Now the boys must have a buggy and harness, and colt must show his best style and speed at all times. The boy is in too great a hurry to allow the colt to walk. The colt, buggy and boy are soon a used up set by fast driving. The whole business of buggy riding by farmers’ boys is expensive, extravagant and de- moralizing. Not one farmer in ten can afford such a turn-out for the lad. Man of them buya buggy and let it stanc in the sun and storm. They are too poor to have a house for vehicles. Such men cannot afford the luxury ofa. buggy. If we could return to the fash- ion ofriding more on horseback, we would save millions to the farmers, and the boys would develop better forms and have better health. Any lazy lout can ride in a buggy, but to be a grace- ful rider oii horseback one must have some energy and get--up in his nature. There is life and health in riding on horseback. The whole system feels the invigorating effect of it-. The rider and horse catch the fire of sympathy and excitementin the run, or fast paces, and every nerve of the body is brought into healthful, invigorating play. l\[ANUAL laboris the sphere in which the great majority of the human race is destined to move, and when man- kind coine to this conclusion there will be fewer halfstarved lawyers, doctors, clergymen, etc. Ninty-nine out of ev- ery hundred boys must sooner or later work with their hands for a living 2» ‘~. ‘ .93 i it 6 THE GRANGE VISITOR. §’a.xIirzi" flepartmcnt. LEARN TO KEEP HOUSE. Beautiful maidens ; ay, nature’s fair queens, Some in your twenties, and some in your teens, Seeking accomplishments worthy your aim, Striving for learning, thirsting for fame ; Taking such pains with the style of your hair, Keeping your lily complexion so fair ; ' Miss not this item in all your gay lives, Learn to keep house, if you hope to be wives, Learn to keep house. Now your Adonis loves sweet moonlight walks, Hand clasps and kisses, and nice little talks ; Then. as plain Charlie. with burden of care, He must subsist on more nourishing‘ fare ; He will come home at the set of the sun Heartsick and weary, his working day done ; Thence let his slippered feet ne'er wish to roam, Learn to keep house and you'll keep him at home. Learn to keep house. First in his eyes will be children and wife, Joy of his joy, and life of his life. Next, his bright dwelling, his table, his meals ; Shrink not at what my pen, trembling, reveals, Maiden romantic, the truth must be told, Knowledge is better than silver or gold; Then he prepared in the spring-time of health, Learn to keep house though surrounded by wealth. Learn to keep house. Home Life on the Farm. The following essay was read before Oakland Pomona Grange, Aug. 13, ’79, by Mrs. C. ‘Wager, of Waterford : In this world of diversity it is not to be wondered at that there are places more congenia.l to our tastes than others. The geologist loves to make explora- tions among rocks and cliffs, and nat- urally loves scenes of a romantic char- acter. The sailor loves the angry wave: the soldier is never so proud as 'when standing under the banner of his country; the husbandmanls chief dc- light is in the cultivation and produc- tions of the soil. But while taste leads men to different spheres in life, and they seem wholly engrossed in those spheres, yet, under- lying all this, the Creator has implanted in the bosom of every human being a desire for a home. It is said the author of “ Home Sweet Home” never had a home. It was doubtless his longing desire for one that prompted those beau- tiful lines. In providing a home for ourselves and families, it would seem the wiser way to consult our own com- fort and convenience, and not be so public spirited as to arrange everything with strict regard to what others will think. All our household a.rr:»1ngements should be suggestive of ind Welling com- fort, rather than a double- minded slavery to fashion. It is almost useless to appeal to per- sons to consult their greatest good if they are bent upon following the fash- ion, doing precisely the same as every- one around them, only a little more so. Everything should be valued accord- ing to a pure love for its intrinsic good, and not for its appearance. What is adapted to our comfort should take the precedence to all approaches to uncom- fortable splendor. Thc home should be arranged with thoughts of cheerfulness, enjoyment, and reasonable use, rather than for show, and a slavish fear that some one will take real comfort with something which, it is hoped, will sur- vive the owner's poor, perishing mor- tality. Every family should strive to live well, and the natural solid work of liv- ing well is simplicity. That we can live, and thrive, with much less artifi- cial painstaking has been proved in the history of pioneer people and mission- aries to heathen lands. Let no one, therefore, feel agrieved if it is urged that we simplify our order of household arrangements so as to perform our own labor as much as possible, without the aid of hired help. True, we should miss them in some things, but often, in more, we should miss the wear and tear of them. If there are children in the family, each should then become graduallyjaccustomed to perform some part of the labor. As a. direct result, each would be forming habits of indus- try, less time would be found for useless reading, useless wandering, and worse than useless doing. The capabilities would be developed, so that each would be found not only a valuable integral to the home circle, but invaluable as a member of society, prepared to act a noble part in life. All farmers’ families, however, can- not get along equally well without hired help. In many cases the employ- ment of a considerable help in the house seems unavoidable. We might, however, diapense with such assistance in many more cases than at first ap- pears possible, if we would simplify our manner of living.- The custom is be- coming too universal, of loading farm- ers’ tables with a confusing va- riety of rich dishes, which, of course, adds greatly to the labors of the house, and, not only this, they vltiate the taste, so that plain, wholesome food he- comes insupportable. They also con- tribute to fill the system with the seeds of disease, which, perhaps, years after- wards, develop into loathsome forms. One of the constituents of a happy home is systematic housekeeping. A home cannot be truly a happy one when there is continual disorder and confusion. ' Heaven’s first law, must be the law of the house. As a general rule, it is more easy to avoid disorder than to bring order out of confusion. Economy should also be practiced in the home ar- rangements. It would be well if the wife would practice book-keeping suf- ficiently to know that her expenses do not over-balance her income,——for many things which might at first seem a ne- cessity, may not be absolutely so, and can be more easily dispensed with than paid for. No family can prosper without a proper exercise of economy, and ithis must not be confined to the household, the husband has as abundant opportu- nities to practice economy as the house- wife, and in many cases were she ap- pointed sole treasurer, and the funds dealt out at her discretion, the money that is now spent for tobacco, strong drink, and other injurious luxuries, would be used in beautifying and deco- rating the home, providing good books, music, and home amusements. The cultivation of flowers helps to render the home a place of attraction. Every farmer should be able, from his broad acres, to supply each child with a little plot of ground, on which he may cultivate a few flowers and fruits of his own. It will help him to remember his childhood home as the lovliest place on earth, however he may become enamored by the scenery of afterlife. The first and most beautiful home on record was in a garden of fruits and flowers. This was a place of unalloyed happiness, till discontent followed dis- obedience,——and then how changed the scene! The same beautiful Eden in all its surroundings, once a Paradise, now a place of guilt and shame. So we see the surroundings is not the home. Wealth cannot make a fireside happy in the absence of love and virtue, but these can make home an Eden, where there are no riches. Money may aug ment, but it cannot create happiness. A home, beautiful in externals, com- plete in the arrangement of all practical affairs, may be simply this, and nothing more. In many of these little realms the highest purposes of the household are wholly left out of sight. It is of lit- tle or no avail to chide the enthusiastic, faithful woman, who can not be taught to distribute and adjust her burden. The deepest error was far back in her youth,in the inconsiderate and mistaken tenderness of the old-home life; in the mother, who spared her every task, gave her no responsibility, and no hab- its of industry. Perhaps in the school where the attainments were only flimsy and superficial : “A boarding-school miss just returned from school, In all but French and flummery a fool." A good housekeeper is but a single aspect of the character calculated to mold and fashion a home. Such a one should teach her children that there is a real dignity about labor, and that the positions of plow-boy, cook, or dairy- maid is far more honorable than the superficial, useless 1-ives led by many of the youth of our land. And while the children are receiving instructions in useful branches of industry, their men- tal and moral education should by no means be neglected. And the mother, Who, in a great measure, molds the character of her children, should possess such virtues of heart and life, that she may cast a good influence over them. Especially should she teach her daugh- ters that they should havea higher, no- bier, purpose in life than to get married and settle down—and that is, the devel- opment of a noble womanhood. With- out this nobleness of character within herself, neither husband, however noble, nor home, however enriched by wealth and beautified by art, can ever lift her up to the full realization of the grand destiny that has enshrined her being. On the other hand, if she shall have attained true nobleness of character, though no man should sigh for the throbbings of her heart, or seek the honor of her hand,—though she should live that most abused of all lives, the life of an old maid, she will not fall of life's noble end. Nowhere is the enriching of one so surely the blessing of all, as in the edu- cation of the woman who is to be the inspiration of the household life. Such aone should be adorned with ameek and humble spirit, especially should she cultivate a spirit of cheerfulness, as she is so apt to impart to all around her the hue of her own feelings. if she is wor- ried down by care, she should seek rest, and try to have a merry heart that doeth good like a medicine. If things do not run as smoothly as she desires, she should sing {and make the best of it, remembering that few persons, what- ever be their station in life, are so ex- empt from common joys and blessings as to find no flowers blossoming by life's pathway, springing up from smiles, sweet words and tender sympathy. Home Missions. The development of the home mis- sionary spirit is nowhere more urgently called for, and will nowhere be produc- tive of more genuine good, than in the home life of the American farmer. Allay your apprehensions, dear VIS- ITOR. I shall not inflict upon you any dry homily upon morality or religion. I only wish to set forth in brief, not only the attractiveness of the home mission I allude to, but also the rich harvest of pleasure, health and profit that will follow its establishment ; and as this department of your paper is set apart for the ladies, it is appropriate that I should call upon the wives and daughters of American farmers, as the true home missionaries, adapted by na- ture and opportunity to carry forward the good work, until every farmerls home in the Union shall imbibe the missionary spirit, and “blossom as the rose.” Let me enumerate some of the means by which this mission work may be wrought: First (and chiefly). Cheerful words and cheerful looks. Let in all the sun- light you can upon the home circle, and banish every cross look and word. If for no other consideration than selfish- ness, il will pay; for the reflection of the happiness and sunshine you send forth will reach your own hearts and faces. Second. By flowers and ornaments, in and around your homes. They are not only sources of great pleasure to the possessor, but their presence naturally and almost irresistibly leads to perma- nent habits of neatness, order and clean- liness, essential to true enjoyment, health and consequent profit. The community where farmers’ homes are made beautiful by home or- namentation will necessarily become attractive, —sons and husbands will have less inclination to resort else- where for pleasure, and may thusavoid the tempter’s snare; the spirit of im- provement will prove contagious, in- suring better fences, roads, bridges,‘ school houses, and all the essential ele- ments of prosperity. Strangers will be drawn thither by the general appear- ancr of beauty and thrift, and property will necessarily increase in value. If any of the VIsI'roR’s lady readers think 1 have overdrawn the picture, let" me tell them that I have seen this mis- sion work in actual operation, and it never fails, or “hardly ever;” if ever, it is the exception that proves the rule. I have neither time nor space to ex- tend the picture, but the field for the home mission is illimitable. and can be indefinitely extended. We need no “ Booriboola-Gha” to call out our true missionary spirit, we have the field at our own doors. CHARLOTTE. That Picnic, etc. VVAYLAND, Sept. l6, 1879. Bro. Cobb .- Many thanks fot your kind notice of those poorly written lines I sent before, , and with your permission I would like to occupy the corner again. Our meetings are more interesting than ever since the picnic. That seemed to put new life into most of the members. There were not as many went from our Grange as I would like to have seen, but those that did go, have given the rest of us a very glow- ing description of it. I was very much pleased to hear so many subscribed for the VISITOR that day, but wish there had been more. For my part, I don’t see how a good Patronfican do without it. I read mine and lend it; by that means, I have the promise of another subscriber next quarter. I think it one of the most in- teresting "Visitors” I ever introduced into my family. Now that we have got through con- ferring degrees, for the present, we select a question each meeting to be discussed the succeeding meeting. In that way we gain a great deal of infor- mation I hope other Granges will try it, and see what an interest the mem- bers will take in it. Nothing is so good to revive a dull Grange. Rural G., No. 37. ERDINE. Noun de Plume. I agree with Myra about using a nom de plume. Let every one who choses sign their names, and those who do not let them use'any nom dc plume they fancy. Had that article of Veronica’s been signed Mrs. Jedadiah Jenkins, do you suppose it would have elicited that com- pliment from Myra? No, no! And right here let me thank her for the same, and say to her that she must not think of that little blue flower in connection with Veronica, for it causes those who know her to laugh when they think of the contrast; but instead think of a little piece of humanity that will hardly turn the scales to the weight of ninety pounds avordupois, with black hair, eyes. and complexion——well, the less said about that the better. As Myra says, it is not because we are ashamed of our writings that we use a nom de plume, for we all know that if we were ashamed of them our- selves, the editor would hardly look on them with favor. I like to read an article signed with a nom de plume, and wonder to myself who the writer is, and what she looks like. For instance, when I read Aunt Kate's or Aunt Marge.-ret’s letters,.I should picture them in my mind to be elderly ladies, like my mother. I would read them over and over, and always feel better. I feel as though I had communed with my own dear mother, who is separated from me by hundreds of miles. _ “ T. T. M.”—how sorry I was to read her obituary. I felt when I read her nom ale plume that she and I belonged to the same association; namely, the "Great Talkers’ Association.” \Vell, well, if we did not talk we would never say anything. Let me tell you how Myra has become associated in my mind. Day after day, while at work, I find my thoughts re- verting to her, and I have a pretty good photograph of her in my mind. I have pictured her in my mind as a tall, state- ly woman, with a benevolent counte- nance, and one who would prove a friend in adversity. Some one sent me the June number of the Household. \Vhenever I try to think who sent it, I think of Myra, and although we are strangers; I cannot banish the thought that it was she who sent it. I would not have you think I do not admire the writings of the many who chose to sign their own names. I have just been reading letters signed by Mrs. Eddy, Mrs. Sexton, and one by Sister Ann. I would extend to them the right hand of fellowship, hoping their letters may be the means of opening the eyes of many overworked women to the fact that they become so by do- ing so much unnecessary work. . I could go on enumerating many others whose writings are so much ad- mired in our little paper, but I stand a little in awe of the editor’s .scissors—- that is, if the waste basket doesn’t gobble me before hand. Sherwood, N o. 96. VERONICA. SOCIALLY, the Grange is a necessity. Few of us can afford time for frequent visiting, or the luxury of an idle horse for this purpose. The Grange, then, must become our gathering day, the break in the monotony of our lives, when sociability and intellectual im- provement, co-operation and mutual benefit must reward us for our efforts and give us the hope, and the only hope, of extricating onr affairs from the difiiculties into which they have fallen. — Worthy Master Darden, of Miss. Qiiimapnuximite. Duty. Bro.J. T. Cobb: In accordance with your oft-repeated invitation, I offer a few thoughts to the many Grangers of this State who take, and, let us hope, thoroughly read and study, the pages ofthe valuable medium of Grange news, the GRANGE VISITOR. VVe don’t claim to know all about the science of ethics, or the beautiful theo- ries that some writers advocate about duty,—-but many a so-called Patron, who would dislike to be called any other than aigood Patron, fails in this matter of duty, either to himself, to a brother or sister Patron in his iiidlvid- ual Grange, or to the Order, as a whole. If individuals, after a careful retro- spectiou of their acts since they took the “oath,” do not, by their consci- ences, plead guilty to some one (we hope not all) of these three charges, then he, or she, should be called—as they really are-—good Patrons. The question may be asked, and it is a pertinent one too, By what standard shall I be judged ? VVho is my accuser? As we stated before, let conscience answer. , In the first degree, the question is asked the candidate, “Are you willing too labor in the clearing field?” The answer is, "Iani.” Then the VV. M. says: “\Ve have confidence in you that you will persevere, but before as- signing you a place in our work, it is necessary that you give us a solemn pledge,” etc. You take that solemn pledge, with its full meaning and im- ort. You:probably read it; over sev- eral times after, and if you attend your Grange regularly, as a good Granger should, you have certainly heard it re- peated often, and should know it by heart. Among other things, you promise “never to reveal any of the secrets of the Order.” Have you kept your prom- ise? Ifyou have not, ask yourself why ? Again, “I will not, in any manner whatever, knowingly wrong or defraud a brother or sister of the Order ” Have you kept fully that pledge? Remember, you are to ask these ques- tions of your conscience, you need not answer aloud, and if your inner-self fully acquits you, well. and good; if otherwise, then you have a duty to per- form, and a solemn pledge to fulfil. Will you do it ‘I G. A High Recommendation for the Visitor. GOSHEN, Conn. Bro. J. T. Cobb .- Tlie reading of the GRANGE VISITOR has been the source of so many valuable hints for management of Grange mat- ters and other business, and of encour- iigement to persevere here, where so few seem to comprehend the advantages that will result from co-Operation, that I must at least say “thank you” for the welcome VISITOR. It gives us a feeling of brotherhood, and promotes that feel- {mg of enthusiasm foraour work which is an assurance of final success. We are very weak here, in numbers and influence, and in having as Master and Lecturer men whose time has manv demands upon it in other ways,although firm believers in the importance of the Order. I accepted my position to save rféorganizing, as I fully believe Connect- ticut will yet wake up and fall into line. Ipshall do what I can to call the atten- tion of our farmers to the subject. Fraternally yours, SHERMAN KIMBERLY, Master Conn. State Grange. GRANGEVILLE, Sept. -1, 1879. Bro. J. T. Cobb .- Having been a constant reader of the VISITOR ever since the organization of 0111‘ Grange, I have failed to see 3 Single communication from Willow Grange. ope none will think we have not the necessary talent in our Grange, for we have several members who are capable Of Writing, and writing well. Willow Tallge, No. 618, was organized by Bro. Whitney, Dec. 23, 1875, with 38 charter members. VVe had no additions to our membership for nearly a year. Since t 911 We have been gaining until now we have about 90 members in good sta“d“1g- We hold our meetings every “Quay evening, and have only missed wice during the whole time. At first A we rented a ball, but as we increased in “mbers, we concluded to build a. hall °f our own. It is 26x50, painted inside THE GRANGE VISITOR. and out, and is almost paid for. So vou may safely say Vv'illow Grange has come to stay. Our hall was dedicated on the 27th of August by Bro. Childs, and the work was well done. ROBERT BRIGHTON, Sec. An Invention that is Not Patentable. _S. Bass presented for the Springfield District (Mo.) Grange, a model of his own invention, representing the rim and tire of a wagon wheel. The ice- culiarity consists in the form of surfaces of Contact between the wooden rim, which is convex, and the tire, which is concave. The joint thus formed has the advantage of holding the rim in line, prevents splitting, and the dam- age that usually results from the rolling off of the tire, as this tire cannot roll oil", and a tire of this kind. of the same quantity and quality of material of one of the other kind has more strength and will wear longer. Brother S. Bass has corresponded with the Patent Office department, with reference to this model, and it met with a general ac- ceptance; but on examination it was ascertained that the same plan had been patented fifty years ago, and for some reason was never broughtfiinto use, conse- quently he cannot get a patent. but he generously presents his plan to the pub- lic for their benefit. ' MRS. N. M. MCKIBBON, Sec’y Springfield Dist. Grange. Green Co., Mo. Notices of Meetings. BERLIN, Ionia Co , Mich., 1 Sept. 24th, 1879. I Bro. J. T, Cobb .- Please notice in the next issue of the VISITOR that Berlin Center Grange will dedicate their new hall on Tues- day, the 28th of October next at 10 A. M. The services of Bro. VVoodman are secured, and we expect Bros. \Vhitney and VVhitehead, but have not heard from them since writing. Now, Bro. Cobb, if you can arrange to visit us on that occasion, we will use our best en- deavors to entertain you with true Granger hospitality, and make you as comfortable as circumstances will per- mit. VVe will have a conveyance at Ionia for Bro. VVoodniaii, and would be happy to find you there at the same time. Our hall is 28x50 feet, two stories high, furnished in a plain, substantial manner, and will make us a good home. Fraternally yours, JOHNSON S. LOCKE, Sec. Grange 272. Saranac, Ioiiia County. The next meeting of the I-Illlsdale Pomona Grange, NO. 10, will be held at lrraiige Hall, Litchfield, on the second VVednesday in October, the 8th inst. All members of the Order are cordially invited to attend. Subject, How Best Shall we Revive Dormant and Strengthen V\-leak Granges ‘? G. M. GARDNER, Sec. THREE RIVERS, Sept. 21, 1879. Worthy ;S‘ecrelar_y Cobb .- Please notice in GRANGE Visiron that St. Joseph County Grange, No. 4, will hold a regular meeting in Grange Hall at Ceiitreville, on the second Thursday of October, 1879 at 10 o’clock, A. M. All members of thd Order are cordially invited to attend. ‘W. G. LELAND, Sec’y. ._.___ SODUS, Sept. 24th. 1879. Bro. J. 1! Cobb.- Berrien County Grange, No. 1, will meet at the Mount Tabor Orange Hall, on Tuesday, the 14th day of Oct. next, at 10 o'clock A. M. A full attendance of members is desired. All fourth de- gree members are invited, and all sub- ordinate Granges of the County are ex- pected to be represented. _Q,uestions _of importance will be submitted for dis- cussion, THOS. MARS, CHAS. HOGUE, Master. Secretary. ' M-ARILLA, Sept. 23d, ’79. Worthy Bro. Cobb .- Please insert notice in the VISITOR that the next meeting or the Manistefi District Pomona (arrange, No. 21, W1 be held in Sherman, Wexfprd 00., com- mencing Oct. 8th, at two o clock. MRS. J. A. PoPE,_Sec. An Abuse in Our Common School System. For years an abuse has been growing in the administration of our common- school system, which has at last ripened into a monstrous wrong. This abuse prevails throughout the country. VVe allude to the practice of neglecting the primary departments in our graded schools, and sentiinentaliy petting the high school. The practice has become general to take away from the little ones, the beginners, who really need, and give to the advanced, well-to-do, and fashionable students of the higher grades, who are nearly, or quite able to go on and take care of themselves. School Officers act upon the theory that “anybody can teach little children.” It is with peculiar satisfaction that we state that this part of the, evil at least, has been radically corrected in the city of Toledo; but we are speaking of a wrong generally and widely prevalent. But see the high scliool,——the finish- ing depai*t.ment—-oh! that must be an elegant affair. In the first place. it must be held in no common, plain sort of a building (the little old room with the low ceiling will do for the chil- dren), but in an edifice of palatial pro- portions. In nine towns out of ten, two-thirds of the money expended in school buildings is for the high school; the little fellows in the primary being put off with almost any sort of a struc- ture. The salaries paid to teachers in the high school very often equal those paid in all the other departments. If expenses are to be curtailed, the ciir- tailmentinvariably falls most heavily upon the primary department. If there is any money to spend, some new fang- led style in music, painting or embroid- ery, is introduced in thehigh school, or some peripatetic “professor” gives some worse than worthless lessons there. When the school year closes, nobody seems to know that the primary de- pzirtiiient exists: the children are not iioticed. The show, the parade, the grand exercises are all in the high. school. More than this. The student from flrst to last is taught to despise the pri- mary grzide, with all that appertaiiis to it. As soon as possible after the stu- dent leaves it, reading, spelling, and geography are laid aside, and he is told that such things may do well enough for children, but it is quite another matter now ; so he goes on to his gradu- ation without knowing how to write a correctly spelled page of manuscript, and without being able to understand the geographical localities mentioned in his iiiorning newspaper. For what do the people pay the enor- mous school taxes that are raised? Clearly to give their children thorough instruction in the ordinary, fundament- al branches of an English education; to qualify them to engage intelligently and successfiilly in the ordinary avoca- iions of life. The school funds should be carefully devoted to this end, and to this alone; and the officers who per- vert them to other ends, no matter un- der what pretense, violate a high pub- lic trust. What we insist upon, and what the vast masses of the patrons of the pub- lic schools are beginning to insist upon, is a more careful nurture of the prima- ry departments in our public schools; the lopping off of the extravagances and luxuries into which modern school administrations have run in the man- agement Of the high schools; and the devotion of the money wasted there to the better maintenance of the primary departments, as was intended from the beginning. The education that is real, the education that lasts, is invariably the education received in the primary school, be it good or bad. Then let that education be genuine; let it be true ; let it be vigorous and wholesome. Let the children have all that the law intended they should have, and let the money go where it was intended it should go. Then we shall have better schools, better scholars, and for the next generation better men and women. We speak for the little fellows who cannot speak for themselves. The ad- vanced students of the high schools cannot only speak for themselves, but when they speak, all will listen. There is no danger of their suffering material wrong.—— Toledo Commercial. THE faculty of the State University has resolved that drinking, gaming and frequenting houses of prostitution _do not constitute portions of a University course, and have notified several stu- dents who last year devoted much time to those branches, _that they need not return to their Alma Mater. County History. The work of compiling a history of Kalamazoo County, which has been for several months in contemplation by a Philadelphia publishing house, is at length under way, and will proceed without interruption until completed. The earnest desire of- the writer in charge of this branch of the Work is, that citizens of every grade will come forward and furnish whatever informa- tion they may possess-—-printed, verbal. or written—bearing upon the history of icliis region, both general and particu- ar. The piihlisliers will avail theinselves of the services of Mr. A. D. Van Biiren, with whom an engagement has been entered into to furnish the material al- ready accumulated by him, and also to give his time and experience, as may be ‘desired, in aiding in the work of compilation. Each township and neighborhood will be visited by the writers in pur- suit of information, and it is very de- sirable that every possible facility should be afforded them. VVe would particularly request the pastors of churches of all denominations to inter- est themselves in preparing (if not already prepared) a succinct history of their societies for insertion. Teachers and officers of the various educational interests can also render great assist- ance in collecting and furnishing ma- terial. County societies and local or- ganizations, orders, etc., will be written up if the necessary material can be ob- tained. The intention of the publishers is to avail themselves of every means, and to spare no effort for the production of a volume which shall combine all that is or may be known toucliiiig the his- tory of the region now constituting Kalamazoo County. A complete roster of the soldiers who served from the county during the great rebellion will be given, and as thorough a history of the organizations to which they belonged, furnished as can be procured at the Adjutant Gen- eral’s ofl-ice, and from all other sources. Any information from oifioers and soldiers will be gladly received, and utilized in the best possible manner. The work will be systematically ar- ra'iiged under various subjects, by chapters and townships, with a careful- ly prepared index for ready reference. The depai'tment of illustrations, which will form a very attractive feature of the work, is in the hands of a compe- tent corps of gentlemen who will, in due time, call upon the people. The principal writer can be found at No. 20, International Hotel, where he will be glad to see the early settlers and pioneers at any time. All written com- municatioiis, and docuineiits of every kind, intended for the work, should be left with him, or sent to his address, Drawer 2350, Kalamazoo- SAM.’L VV- DURANT, In charge of Historical Department- Kalamazoo, Mich, Sept. 29, 1879. MAR RIED. Married, Sept. 4th. at the residence of the bride’s father, Mr. John Garner,ot' White Lake, by Rev. E. C. Herrington, Master of Four Towns Grange, No. 405, Mr. J OSEPH JACKSON, Secretary of Oakland Pomona Grangy to Mrs. JOSEPHINE KELLOGG, ot White Lake. Tl-IE REAPER, DEATH. GRANGER.-— Mrs. RoxANA GRANGER, a member of Allegan Central Grange, No. 513, P. of H, died July 212d, 1879. The following resolutions were passed by that Grange : WEHEREAS, The angel of death, at the be- hest of the Master of the Universe, has paused once again at our wicket, and summoned our sister away. Resolved, That, in the death of our sister, we are again reminded of the frailty of life, and that. it becomes us to be diligent, doing our life work cheerfully and well. so that when the pale messenger calls us by name, we may. “With unfaltering trust approach the grave, like one who wraps the drapery of his couch around him and lies down to pleasant dreams.” Resolved, That we deeply sympathize with the family, and pray her sorrowing husband to remember that "Earth has no sorrow that Heaven cannot heal.” Resolved, That as a token of our respect for our departed sister, the charter of ulll‘ Grange be draped in in ourning for thirty days, and that these resolutions be pla.ced_ upon_ the rec- ords of our Grange, and published in the pa- pers of this village and the GRANGE VISITOR. CoNs'rANcE A. Jnwnrr, Ei.1zA BAKER, Committee. ii.‘ iii . .-,:».. ;+,«;-a,-_,;~ :4-.- Cow Stables. We havein view, when we stable our cows, several objects, such as economy of space, convenience in feeding, sav- ing of manure, cleanliness, comfort of the animals, etc. The stable that comes nearest filling these conditions is the best one. Duubtless there are hundreds of cow stables that should be remodeled before the time comes to putup cows for winter. I prefer a manger for cows, to be on a level with the floor on which they can stand, and would make it two and a half feet wide. If narrower than this a man has not room to walk through it with an arinful of corn butts, as he wishes to do in cleaning it out, or with abasket‘of meal to feed them, and if wider, the cows cannot reach to the back part of it. If you fasten the cows with stanchions, the floor from the manger to the manure ditch may be a little less than five feet, but if you tie with ring and snap, the floor should be five feet six inches long. If you use the stanchion the stalls will not need to be partitioned, but if you tie they will. As your stall need be but four feet wide, a partition, if it came back to the manure ditch, would bein the way milking. To avoid this I use a slanting partition. We set the studding which partitions off the manger just the width we wish the stalls, and bolt the upper end of our sloping studding to it, while the lower end is set in a mortice in the floor. Two or three short boards nailed from the upright studding to the sloping one, completes the partition and makes it strong. Make your manure ditch eight inches deep and two feet wide; if wider it would not be easy to step across with a pail of milk. After using manure ditches several years, I would as soon think of feeding and milking all winter in a fence cor- ner, as of doing without it. In practi- cal use we find that a cow scarcely ever gets dirty, and by using plenty of bed- ding in the ditch We can save the liquid manure. I would recommend making the ditch water-tight, which can be done either by pounding in clay, or us- ing cement in the bottom; in either case you would want a board floor to it, so that you can scrape it out clean with the shovel. A stable twenty—two feet wide would accommodate two rows of cows. The two xnangers will (ccupy five feet, the floors eleven, the manure ditch four; this would leave two feet for a walk between the manure ditches, and this will be wide enough to run a wheel- barrow on in cleaning the ditches. I like sawdust for bedding, as it keeps the cows clean and absorbs the urine better than straw. I find that a two-horse load of it will bed my seven cows for some weeks, and I consider it economi- cal, although I pay fifty cents a load for it, and draw it two miles I would ad- vise those who bave been milking in ill-arranged stables, on level floors or with no floors, to put in some of the rainy days this fall in fixing over the cow stables. Try one or two stalls and I predict that before another year you will be a believer in manure dltches,—— Ohio Farmer. SEVER. in correspondents write to an- nounce the complete extirration of rats and mice from their cow-stalls and pig- geries since the adoption of this simple plan : A mixture of two parts of well- bruised common squills, and three parts of finely chopped bacon is made into a stitfmass, with as much meat as may be required. and then baked into small cakes, which are put down for the rats 1; i eat. ACTUAL . Z .///J//Zflr COLLEGE ——AND-— _ WRITING INSTITUTE, KALAMAZOO. MIICH. f’Send for J OUBN AL giving palticllla-It THE GRANGE VISITOR. PRICE LIST of SUPPLIES Kept in the office of the Secretary of the MICHIGAN STATE GRANGE. And sent out Post Paid, on Receipt of Cash Or- der, over the seal of a Subordinate Grange, and the signature of its Master or Secretary. Ballot Boxes, (hard wood,) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$l 2:: Porcelain Ballot Marbles, per hundred,.. . 60 Blank Book, ledger ruled, for Secretary to keep accounts with members, . . . . . . . . .. 1 00 Blank Record Books, (Express paid), . . . . . 1 00 Order Book, containing 100 Orders on the Treasurer. with stub, well bound, . . . . . . 60 Receipt Book, containing 100 Receipts from Treasurer to Secretary, with stub, well bound, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Blank Receipts for dues, per 100, bound, . . 50 Cushing’s Manual, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Applications for Membership, per 10' 50 Membership Cards, per 100, . . . . . . . . . . . .. 50 Withclrawal Cards, per doz., . . . .. _ .. . . .. . . 25 Dimits, in envelopes, per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . Z-5 By-Laws of the State Grange, single copies Sc, per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 New kind of Singing Books, with music, Single copy 15 cts. per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 80 Rituals, single copy, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 “ er doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 50 Blank “Articles of Association” for the Incorporation of Subordinate Granges With Copy of Charter, all complete,. . . . . - 10 Patron’s Pocket Companion, by J . A. Cra- mer, Cloth, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Notice to Delinquent Members, per 100, .. 40 Address, J. T. COBB, SEc’Y MICH. STATE GRANGE, SCHOOLCRAFT, MICH. Grange HEADQUARTERS. THOMAS MASON, General Eummissinn Merchant. 183 SOUTH WATER STREET, CHICAGO. - - ILLINOIS. Purchasing Agent /or the Patrons of Husband- ry, authorized by Executive Committe of the Michigan State Grange ; Agent of the N. W. Produce Emchaizgc Association, principal office, Buchanan, Mich. ; also, Agent of the Michigan Lake Shore Fruit Growers’ Association, Steven- ville, Mich., Respectfully solicits Consignments of FRUITS. VEGETABLES. BETTER. EGGS Poultry, Wool, Hides, PELTS, TALLOW, and DRESSED HOGS. GRAIN, HOGS, and CATTLE In Car Lots. Also, L UMBER in Car or Cargo Lots. Having a large and conveniently arranged House in the business part of the city, we are prepare to handle goods in any quantity, and, being on the SHADY SIDE of the street, can show PERISHABLE goods in BEST CONDI- TION, throughout the day. With SUPERIOR FACILITIES, and close personal attention to business, we hope to merit, receive, and retain a. liberal share of your patronage. Orders for goods in this market will be filled at lowest wholesale rates. Cash must Accompany Orders to Insure Prompt Attention. ———REFERENCES :? Executive Committee of Mich. State Grange. J . J. Woodman, Paw Paw, Mich. J. T. Cobb, Schoolcraft, Mich. Herman, Schaf'fner’& Co., Bankers, Chicago, Ill. Thomas Mars, Berrien Centre, Mich. W. A. Brown, Sec’y Mich. L. S. F. G. Ass’n, Stevensville, Mich. K§’ Stencils, Shipping Tags, and Market Be- ports furnished on application. Coannspounnncn Somcrrnn. mar.12’79 MAKE YOUR HOMES PLEASANT. To aid all Patrons to do this, I offer to ship in orders of one dozen or more, choice varieties of Geraniuins, Fuschias, Coleus, Roses, Smi- lax, Begonias, ’&c., from 1; to 3 inch pots, at $1.00 per" dozen, adding enough to pay the expressage. These are l5 to 20 cent plants ; we sell low because we need money more than the plants. This offer is good for one month. Send early to C. L. Wnrrnnv. Sept. 10th, 1879. Muskegon. The I-Iusbandman. SIXTII YEAR. REDUGE:)__PRIGE I A "EAR°__$].. [5 The HUSBANDMAN has been widely recognized as standing in the front rank of agricultural journalism. While treating fully all questions embraced in PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE, it discusses with fearless ability the economic problems that affe at all productive industries. It strives earnestly to incite thought, broaden conception and increase understanding of the wrongs through which agriculture has suffered, especially the UNJUST TAXATION fastened upon it, and the hurtful discrimina- tions by which its products are cheapcned be- low the cost of the labor employed in their production. It would stimulate self- respect among farm- ers through well-applied thought, fitting them to represent their industry in the halls of leg- islation as avital necessity to national pros- perit . All the well-known features of the HUSBAND- MAN will be maintained, including full reports of the famous ELMIRA FARMERS CLUB DISCUSSIONS, and from time to time editorial letters of travel and observations abroad. ITS LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS will embrace many writers whose work has al- ready added largely to the interest and value of its columns. It will present complete reports of NEW YORK and PHILADELPHIA l\IARKE’.l‘S. A FREE COPY will be sent to any person who forwards in one order the names and ad- dresses of ten subscribers, new or old, with ten dollars in payment there for. Remittances may be made by draft on New York, Postoifice money order, or in currency. Checks on country banks involving expense in collection must have ten cents added to meet such cost, Drafts, Postoflice money-order and checks should be made payable and all letters ad- dressed to HUS BANDMAN. ELMIRA, N. Y. Sample copies free on application. I WILL SELL /\ S .4. ; ‘ ' l THREE INCH AND THREE AND ONE- FOURTH INCH THIMBLE-SKEIN WAGON, COMPLETE, FOR $48. THREE AND ONE-HALF INCH FOR $950. ON E-HORSE WAGON, THILLS, BOX AND SPRING SEAT, $40.‘ §“‘Delivered on Cars at Niles, Mich. The advance in iron and all the material we use makes this s mall advance in the price of wagons absolutely necessary. E. MURRAY. M.AS'I‘ER’S OFFICE, Paw Paw, Mich.. April 20th. S E. Murray, Niles, Mich.: DEAR SIn.—Your’s of the 7th came in my absence, hence this delay to answer. In reply to your inquiry, will state that the wagon you sent me, and which has been run one year is entirely satisfactory. As yet, every part is per. feet. There are several of your wagons in this vicinity that have run for several years, and I have heard of but one complaint, and that I do not regard as strictly reliable. Yours truly, J. J. WOODMAN. Our 25th De- scriptive Illus- trated Price List for Fall of 1879 will be sent to any address upon receipt of NINE CENTS. It con- tains prices of over 10.000 ar- ticles with over 1,000 Illustra- , tions. No Pan- SON who con- templates the purchase of any article for per- sonal or family use, should fail to send for a. 227 and 239 Wa- CODY. We sell bash Avenue, most every class i Chicago, Illinois. of goods known to the civilized world. We sell all our goods at wholesale prices direct to the con- sumer (no mid- dle men). The only house in A merlca. who make this their special business. One of these val- uable Prlce Lists an d Reference Books is lndls. pensable. Ad- dress Montgom- ery Ward & Co.. GEO. W. HILL & 00., 80 Woodbridge St., - — Detroit, Are now prepared to handle Wheat, Oats and Corn, IN CAR. LOTS. Having plenty of storage room we can also handle APPLE S. BEANS. CHEESE, POTATOES, BUTTER, EGGS . and in fact anything and everything that a farmer has to sell, 011 as Favorable Terms as any llouse in the City. We also PURCHASE ALL KINDS OF GROSS for STORES, CLUBS and Families At the Lowest Wholesale Price. (lonsigmnents and Orders Soliciled. jyl2-n070tf. 5-TON STOCK SCALES, $ 5 0 .. FREIGHT PAID, AND NO MONEY ASK ED TILL TESTED. JONES, of Binghamton, BINGHAMTON, N. Y may6ni Paw Paw, Mich., May 18th, 1878. J ONES, or BINGHAMTON: ' My Scales give entire satisfaction. I have subjected it to the most severe tests, and find it not only correct in weighing large or small amounts, but perfectly reliable. Yours, Fraternally, [Signed] J. J . WOODMAN. Paints and Paris Er-sea. PRICES aanfin FOR 1879. PATHUNS’ up cummm Ingei-so1l’s Ready Mixed Paints, Paris Green and Brushes. Best and Cheapest Points in the World. Freight paid on Paint and Paris Green to all parts of the country. So it makes no d.ifier- ence where you live, you get goods at the same price as if you-were at the Factory. Our Book “How Every one can Paint,” with 20 Brilliant Colors, Brushes, etc., illustrat- ed, mailed free upon application to PATRONS’ PAINT 00., 162 South St., N. Y. -—-TRUSTEES : T. A. Thompson. Pres, Past Leo. Nat. Grange &.muel E. Adams, of Minn., Master “ “ D. Wyatt Aiken, of S. C., Cl1’m Ex. Com. “ Mortimer Whitehead, of N. J ., Lec. Nat. “ 0. H. Kelle , Past Secretary N ational Grange. J . W. A. Wyright, Muster Cal. State Grange. M. D_. Davie, Master State Grange, Kentucky.