— -~-—Our Common Soh EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE BY ORDER OF THE MICHIGAN STATE GRANGE. [Kalamazoo Publishing Oo.’s Pi-lnt.] VOL. 6,——No. 13. €_ WHOLE N0. 93 SCHOOLCRAFT, JULY lSt, 1880. Entered at the Post Oflice at School- craft as Second Class matter. THE 0‘ GRANGE VISITOR, Is Published on the First and Fifteenth of every Month AT FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM, invariably in Advance. J. T. COBB. Edltor.and Manager. To whom all communications should be ad- dressed, at Schoolcraft, Mich. Remittances should be by Registered I-61301‘: Money Order or Draft. Runs or Anvasrismoz Acceptable advertisements inserted at the rate of $1;00 per square, for each insertion. ' A Liberal discount will be made on standing vs rtisements of three months or more. INDEX TO Tins NUMBER. Decreed-—Po1itics out of the Grange—Letters from the Master ~— The Farnier-for-Goverm or Boom — Our By—LaWB. - - - - - - ~ - - - - - -- 1 The Political Duty of Farmers—The Agriculé tural College, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Farm Life——The Grange as a School—A Farm- ers’ Party—The Stranger on the Sul-The Hurnble Peanut——Tlie Patent Laws, . . . . . . 3 Politics in the Grsnge—Michigan’s Next Gov; ernor, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bad Financiering—-Annual State Picnic _— The VIsIToR——Everything in its. Place-Pickings by the Way, No. ll—Appointments — From Chippewa—— The Reaper, Death . . . . . . . . .. 5 Trifles—-Let us not Forget our Boys;-A Talk with the Sisers—~l’:‘ltrmrre to the Front—— er, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ' Johnny’s Opinion of GIandmothers—Inter- esting Letter from Capitol Grange——Grange Matters at 222-Ingham County Pomona Grange——Another Hall——Successf-ul Work-— The Wire Age——Freedom from Party—Cali- fornia Experience, A Frenchman Reduces the Average—The Power of the Farmer,. . 7 . Chicago Market -—Adver‘isements, . . . . . . . . . . 8 _:._7» Officers National Grange. MASTER-J. J. WOODMAN, Michigan. 0vEnsEEn—PUT. DARDEN, Mississippi. LEc'rUREii.—HENRY ESHBAUGH, Mo. STEWAB-D—A. J. VAUGHN, M135. Assr. S'l.‘EWABD—WILLIA.M SIMS, Kansas. CEAPLAIN-S. H. ELLIS, Ohio. TEEABUBEE—F. M. MCDOWELL, N .'Y. SEGBETA3Y—Wm. M. IRELAND,Wash _ton,D.C. GATE-KnE1>En—O. DINWIDDIE, Indiana. CEaEs—Mas. J. J. WOODMAN, Mich. _ . PoxoNA——MBs. PUT. DARDEN, Mississippi. FIi0BA—-MES. J. W. NICHOLS. N- J- Lsnv ABSTIITANT S-rEwAs.n—Mns. WILLIAM SIMS, Kansas. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : D. WYATI.‘ ARIN, So. Carolina; 1-1. JAMES, Ind.; W. G. WAYNE, New York. Officers Michigan State Grange. M.—-J. J. WOODMAN. - - P3-W PEW- 0.-——-THOS. F. MOORE, - - - Adrian. L.—C. L. WHITNEY, - - Muskegon S.-——S. A. TOOKER, - — - Lansing A. S.—A. E. GREEN, - - Farmington. C.—SALMON STEEL, Monroe Cen. Gr. Tr.Co T.—S. F. BROWN, - - Schoolcrait. SEO.—J. T. COBB, - - - “ _ G. K.—A. N. WOODBUFF, - Watervhet. CnnJ:s.—MBs. C. L. WHITNEY, Muskegon. POIONA—MEE. G. W. EWING, Ross, Kent Co. FI.0BA~—MBB. J. J. WOODMAN, w Paw. L. A. S.—Mns. A. E. GREEN, Farmington. Executive committee. J. WEBSTER CHILDS, Chairman, Y .silanti. F. M. HOLLOWAY, - _ - E§llsdnle- C. G. LUCE, ' - - Gilead, Branch Co. WEBTBROOK DIVINE, Belding, Ioiiia Co. THOMAS MARS. Berrien Center, Berrien Co. Wit. SATTERLEE, Birmingham, Oakland Co. J, 0. A. BURRINGTON, Tuscola, Tuscola 00. J. J. WOODMAN, J. T. COBB, - Ex. Ofiicio. cenera_i_BeP|l'5Y- O. 1’... WHITNEY, State Business Agents, Muskegon. GEO. W. EIZLL & 00.. - - Detroit- TEOMAS MASON. - - - Ch10fi8°- speclai Lecturers. T505 _1[ ____ _,Adria.n.....Lena eeCo 5.... vi, w?:i°Jrm. .Sh'elb .’ ..... ..oceiina Co Samuel Laugdon ..Bowen tation . . .Kent Co ii. 0. rim-ingsonl. .Four rowm,.foa.knmi Co I. L. Stevenl, ...... ..Pe ,....Shiaw5ssee Co 1,, 3., B;-o1m,....Bawson ’ _,..Waslitenaw Co Andrew ounpbol1...Ypsi1-n’0--- “ , “ Mn. 8. 8toele,. .Monroe Contra. .G.TnV 8 Chan. E. Micklsy. ...Adrlaii.. ..Lens.wee “ T! 9 Successful Farm- 6 . DECR EED. Into all lives some rain must fall, Into all eyes some tear drops start, Whether they fall as a gentle shower, Or fall like fire from an aching heart. Into all hearts some sorrow must creep, Into all souls some doubting come, Lashing the waves of ife’s great deep From dimpling waters to settling foam. Over all paths some clouds must lower. Under all feet some sharp thorns spring, Tearing the flesh to bitter wounds, Or entering the heart with their bitter sting. Upon all brows rough winds must blow, Over all shoulders a cross be lain, Bowing the form in its lofty height Down to the dust in bitter pain. Into all hands some duty thrust, Unto all arms some burdens given, Crushing the heart with its dreary weight, Or lifting the soul from earth to heaven. Into all hearts and homes and lives . God's dear sunlight comes streaming down, Gilding the ruins of life's great plain—— Weaving for all a golden crown. ——The Presbyterian. Politics OUT of the Grange —— Political Catechism. -_ QUEs'rIoN—What constitutes the pri- mary school fund of Michigan ? ANswER—The proceeds of sales of land granted by the United States to the people of this State for educational purposes. Q.—Which land was so granted ? A.—The sixteenth section of every township in the State is reserved. Q,.—How is thisland disposed of? A.——Either for cash in full, or one- quarter cash and the remainder on time at seven per cent interest annually. Q.—Is there any distinction in the primary school lands? A.—Yes. The lands which contain valuable pine timber are held at a high- er price than the lands valuable only for agricultural purposes. Q.—How is the quality of land de- tcrmined? A.—Applicants who wish to buy pri- mary school lands at the lowest price must make aflidavit that they contain no pine timber, and are valuable for agricultural purposes only. Q.—What is meant by a passageat . the top of page seven of the last an- nual report of the Commissioner of the State Land Oflilce for the year ending Sept. 30, 1879, in which there is said to have been collected $4,184.92 principal, and $206.78 expenses, for the convey- ance of certain tracts of primary school lands, part paid, stripped; and certain other tracts part pald,stripped, and for- feited, at $4 per acre? A.—This means that some person bought the land from the State as pri- mary school land, paying $1 per acre down, then cut off the valuable pine timber, omitted to pay the remaining $3 due, or the interest and taxes there- on, and in case of certain tracts, al- lowed the land to be forfeited to the State? Q.—-How did this effect the primary school funds ? ' A.—It was robbed on every acre of land, principal, and interest; and the valuable timber was cut off, so that the land could probably never be sold for any price; while if its true value had not been misrepresented by perjury, the school fund would have received a much larger sum. Q,.—To whom was the original certifi- cate of primary school lands issued for these tracts ? ‘ A,—-To the late Charles Merrill, of Detroit, several years ago. Q,.——Who repurchased the lands, and paid the large sum of $4,391.70 for the conveyance of them and expenses ? A.—Thomas W. Palmer, of Detroit, son-in-law of Charles Merrill. (£.—V‘\‘l1:l could have induced Mr. Palmer to make so large an investment in lands stripped and forfeitetli‘ A.—-The C‘-ommissioner’s report does not show, but from its being classed among the collections for trespass, there is good reason to believe that the State Trespass Agent, under the law, seized certain pine logs cut by Mr. Pal- mer’s authority and that the matter‘ was settled by the above large payment, rather than allow it to go into the courts. Q.—VVas there any further transac- tion of the same kind ‘? A.—The next annual report of the Land Commissioner will show. LAND-LOOKER. Letters from the Master. WE clip from the Iowa Vis2't0-r some correspondence which in- dicates the good work being done by Bro. Woodman, as Master of the National Grange. It is a noticable fact proved by the tone of correspondence found in all our Grange papers that the condition of the Order is improv- ing in all the States. And we look forward with confi- dence to the re-establishment of the Order on a firm basis in those States, where, firr,-m too much zeal and a disregard of the sound busi- ness principles of the Order, it became involved in financial difli- culties, and if not wholly wrecked, has been in a feeble and crippled condition. The Grange in many places has passed through an ordeal that has demonstrated the soundness of its principles; and where it has sur- vived, its adherents are becoming more and more confident of the permanency of the organization. April 23d, 1880 Wm. L. Carpenter, Sec. Iowa State Grange: WORTHY BROTHER :—I have this day received a letter from our Worthy Master of the National Grange, P. of H., J. J. Woodman, Paw Paw, Mich., which explains itself. D. W. J ONES, Master Iowa State Grange, P. of H. WORTHY BROTHER :——-Yours of April 5 was duly received, and my proposi- tion to you for the re-instatement of your State Grange with the National Grange, and your acceptation of the same were communicated to each mem- ber of the Executive Committee of the National Grange, and their several answers are just received. I am grati- fied to be able to state that every mem- ber of the Committee most heartily and fully endorses my action and the whole arrangement made to re-instate Iowa with the National Grange. Yours most fraternally, J. J. WOODMAN, Master National Grange, P. of H. Glory enough for one month! We can plainly see that our Order is mov- ingin the right way, slow but sure — and why not, as long as we have such a. man as our Worthy Master, J. J. Woodman, at the head of it? It will move, it must go, no “ca.n’t” about it, his great heart and soul is in the work of the good principles of our Order and all mankind, heis willing to live and let live, and we must support him in his great work, we must re-instate our dormant Granges, pay in our small dues, and help the State Grange to pay its debts and get into shape again. If the State Grange of Iowa has been un- wise in the management of its affairs, it is no sign that we should continue to be unwise; their misfortune should be our gain. Now and henceforth let all—every oflicer and every member of the State, District and Subordinate Granges—take an interest in and do his or her part for the good of the Or- der, without equivocation or cowardice in any shape, yet keeping within the bounds of our principles: do not_ask of others what you would not grant V % YOUR SUBSCRIPTION will Expire with No. to them under the same c-ircunistances. There are now some seventy deputies appointed in the State, and we have good news from many of them. Send in the names of those you wish to have appointed, a.nd—my word for it— we shall see more prosperity than we can reasonably look for. *‘ * Our State Grange is practically re-instated with the National Grange, and thanks to our VVorthy Master of the National Grange for his effort and kindness. Yours fraternally, D. W. Jorvns, Master Iowa State Grange. The Farmer-for-Governor Boom. BERRIEN CENTRE, June 23d, ’80. Bro. Cobb .- I see numerous communications in the VISITOR in regard to the oliice of Governor‘. I believe, if we do what we ought to, we will nominate and elect a farmer this fall for that ofiice. We ought, of right, to secures major- ity of all the oflices of the State, in or- der to be fairly represented, but per- haps that is assuming too much at once. Butlirst let us have the Governor, and let us do it by the same warfare as used by the professional fraternity. G0 to your neighbors and say,“ VVe are bound to nominate a farmer for Gov- ernor, and we want your help.” Attend the primary meetings, and select staunch intelligent men who are willing to stand up for their rights, and will do so, although there isa multitude of lawyers howling at the top of their voice. At the County Conventions nomi- nate your Chairman from the farmers, and nominate your delegates to the State Convention. Don’t trust the professionals this time ; this is our year, and they must stand back, and if they behave genteel, we will deal out a hand to them, as soon as they are deserving and entitled to the positions. Now, I think the most available man for us at this time is Mr. Rich. Ihave talked with a large number of the farm- ers, in different patrs of the country, and they invariably say, Rich. Now you will see that I am a. Re- publican. Our convention will be called first. Should we fail in getting a man of our calling, I have award of advice to the Democrats—by all means nominate a farmer for Governor. Should the Democrats fail, Greenback- ers, do a wise thing, and nominate a farmer. I am of the opinion that Mr. Rich will have a full delegation from this County. In conclusion, farmers, do your duty, and send delegations to the State Con- ventions from every County in the State, pledged to work for our interests. BERRIEN CENTRE. Tnrs, and May numbers, have been sent recently to those not subscrib- ers, in the hope that they might be interested in the farmers’ common cause, and be led to aid in promoting the same, by not only subscribing themselves, but in getting others to take this paper——the GRANGE VISITOR. IF you want the VISITOR from June 15th, 1880 to’January 15th, ’80 (seven months), for the small sum of twenty- five cents, send at once, or the June numbers will be all gone. A day’s delay may be fatal. OTHER papers can have free use of the contents of the’ VISITOR by sim- ply giving credit. This is often overlooked. Another Step Forward. Once again we can report an advance of our lines. Farmers are being recog- nized in their demands. At the late session of the National Grange and the various Stale Granges, special action was taken to help bring about a better support by Government of the Depart- nieut ofAgriculture, asking that appro- priations be made for experinieiiting in sugar making, &c. As will be seen by the following dispatch fi'om VVashlng- tom, the Senate had the Agricultural Bill under consideration, and thanks to the friends of the farmers, Senators VVindom, of Minnesota, and VVade Hampton (a Patron), ofSouth Carolina, $28,000 in appropriations was added to the Billvas it came from the House. Thus more and more our Order is hav- ing its influence. “Let us hold fast to the profession of our faith without wavering” and more and better success will surely come. VVASHINGTON, May 27.—The Senate spent the day in the routine considera- tion of the Agricultural Appropriation Bill, and passed it. The salary ofCom- (I:?)(l)SSlOIleI' LeDuc was increased to $4,- Mr. VViridom advocated the amend- ment proposed by the Senate Appropria- tion Committee, the principal of which is to add an appropriation of $15,000 for the purchase of machinery and ap- paratus and for experiments in manu- facturing sugar from sorghum and corn talk and other sugar - producing plants. The Committee proposed an amend- ment appropriating $7,000 instead of$5.- 000 for experiments in connection with the culture and manufacture of tea, and $8,000 instead of $5,000 for experiments for the improvement of the varieties and culture of cotton. Mi‘. Hampton moved that the first amendment read $8,000 and the second $2,000. Experiments in South Carolina and other Southern States had shown that tea could be cultivated in this coun- try. We are importing $20,000,000 or $25,000,000 worth of tea annually, and should encourage everything tending to domesticate this plant and make its im- portation unnecessary. He explained the second part of his amendment by stating it was too late in the season to make such experiments in cotton this year. There was no occasion to import cotton seed, because the finest grades of cotton in the world are American, and $2,000 was an ample amount for this appropriation. Mr. Hanipton’s amendment agreed to. Mr. Allison moved to amend the Committee amendment so that experi- ments in manufacturing sugar from sorghum, corn stalks, etc., shall be car- ried on, and machinery erected, in one of the chief corn-growing States. In opposition, it was urged that Washington was the place to erect machinery, where experiments could be carried on under the direct supervis- ion of experts. Mr. A1lison’s amendment was reject- ed—yeas, 16; nays, 35—and the Com- mittee amendment was agreed to. Other Committee amendments and some other unimportant amendments were agreed to, and the bill passed. It adds about $28,000 to the bill as it came from the House. was WE call the attention of all who have read the “Political Cate- cism,” under the head of“ Politics out of the Grange,” to “Politics in the Grange,” found on our fourth page. THE cut of the interior of W. F. Pa1'son’s Business College, on our last page, presents a wide-awake enterprising business institution, that we believe is deserving of patronage. PERsoNs who receive copies of this paper, who do not care to preserve the same -for fact, and reference, and use, will sow seeds of usefulness by handing the numbers, as they are through with them, to those who have it not. TAKE and read the VISITOR as a campaign paper. It advocates our side, defends our interests, and pro- mulgates our principles. It is 9. paper to farmers, by farmers, tor farmers, and in the name and the interests of farmers. TI-IE GRANGE VISITOR. Glummuuicatiuma. The Political Duty of Farmers The following essay, read before Ho- mer Grange, states many truths that, if better understood by the voters of the country, would immensely improve the make-up of its legislative bodies : There is no other country in the world where political questions assume the importance which they do in the United States. We have more politics to the square mile than any other na- tion on the globe; perhaps too much for our own good. Our caucuses, pri- mary meetings, and nominating con- ventions might almost sitin perpetual session. No year, hardly any month, passes without an election in some part of the land. The people are continually called upon to decide between parties and policies, and often upon questions of great public importance. Partizan papers multiply, and political orators flourish. The country hardly emerges from one great presidential campaign, before the politicians begin setting their stakes for another. The great question is not, How will particular legislation affect the public welfare? but, How will it affect the party T’ Our legislators have ceased to be statesmen, and have become politic- ians. Very few of them dare to stand up for what they believe to be the right unless they can first be as="r red that it is going to be popular. They truckle to popular passions, rather than run the risk of becoming unpopular by attempt- ing to direct them towards the right. They gain their places by skillful ma- nipulation of caucuses and conventions and keep them by the same unholy means. Too often they are misrepre- sentatives of the people. They succeed because they can control the party ma- chinery. They are surrounded by flat- tering parasites,‘ who do their dirty work and are rewarded by fat oflices, while the people pay the bills. As are the leaders, so are the parties. Neither dare take the straightforward honest course on any question, for fear it may lose a few votes. The platforms have become mere bundles of sophisms and platitudes us- ing many words to cover up their scar- city of ideas. The aim seems to be to adopt high-sounding resolutions which will appear plausible to every voter, no matter what his sentiment The plat- form takes up every question before the country, and says nothing upon any of them. It is a great political sieve, in- tended to hold nothing but votes. We stand to-day upon the threshold of another great contest, probably the greatest the country has ever seen. The two ‘great parties are nearly equal in point of numbers, and there is a feeling among the politicians that the struggle of 1880 must be one of life or death- that the party which succeeds this year will hold the reins of government in- definitely, perhaps for years to come. Under these circumstances, the ques- tion of our political duties becomes one of vital importance. We cannot afford to make a mistake. I speak of the political duties of farm- ers, not claiming that they are essen- tially difi‘erent from those of other good citizens, first, because Iam speaking to farmers, and, second, because the farm- ers so largely outnumber any other class of citizens that they hold not only the balance of power, but the power itself if they only realize it. In 1870, of the 10,600,000 persons of the male sex over ten years of age, engaged in all occupations, 5,900,000 were engaged in agricultural, and 2,900,000 of these were classed as farmers and planters, Of the remainder, classed as farm laborers, probably the greater portion are farm- ers and land-owners to-day, for ten years are not needed in this country to transform a laborer intoa proprietor. More than one half, then,of all who labor, either with hand or brain, are employed upon the farms of this coun- try. Does not this fact alone prove that the farmers of the country have a vast responsibility resting upon them ? But questions of government are not de- pendent upon numbers alone. We feel the effects of good or bad government sooner in our pockets than in our per- sonal relations. A corrupt or ineflicient government may plunder the citizen under the guise of taxation, but itdoes not interfere with his personal liberty. Let us see what interest the farmer.- have in politics, viewed from this stand- point. Of the $30,000,000,000 which represented the true value of all real and personal property in 1870, the farm- ers held $9,600,000,000. Very nearly one-third of the taxable property in the country, not including $326,000,000 worth of farming implements, was in- vested in farms and farm improve- ments. Farm productions for that year were worth $2,500,000,000,or $400,000,000 more than the total capital invested in manufacturing of all kinds. In 1875 the capitalized value of rail- roads was oulv $-1,600,000,000, less than one halfthe value of farms five years before. Agricultural products formed 70 per cent of our total exports in 1868, and 82 per cent in 1878. The prosperous condition of to-day must be ascribed almost entirely to the successful labors of the husbandman, encouraged by the strong foreign de— mand for all our products. Nothing else could have drawn us out of the slough of debt and despondency in which we were plunged. Nothing else could have turned the balance of trade so magnificently in our favor. It is to pay for our wheat and our corn that Europe 'has poured out her millions of gold within the past few months._ To- 'day we feed the world, and our re sources are yet only half developed. We have been for years, are now more than ever, and must continue to be for gen- erations to come, essentially an agri- cultural country. The interests of the farmer are the interests of the nation. One-half its population, one third of its wealth, are the figures which repre- sent his importance in the country. Do these figures represent his share in the government‘? Nobody needs to be told that they do not. Between forty and fifty thousand lawyers have double the representation in every legislative body that five million farmers have. VVhy is this ? VVhy is it that we who pay the taxes and furnish the voters have so little share in the business of government ‘3 The question is a perti- nent one, and the correct answer is this: VVe have persistently misunder- stood and neglected our political duties. VVe have confined ourselves too closely to -the management of our farms and strictly local politics, while the large political interests of the State and Na- tion,seeming more remote, have been allowed to fall into the hands of profes- sional politicians, who have used them for their own advancement, rather than the public welfare. The question now is, How shall we regain that influence in politics to which our wealth and numbers entitle us‘? Our first duty is, I believe, to take an active interest in politics. This is the duty of every citi- zen of the republic ; it is peculiarly the duty of farmers, because they represent so large a share of the wealth and vo- ters of the Nation, and so quickly feel the effects of bad government. I do not mean that we should become oflice- seekers, nor politicians, in the bad sense of the word. That is not neces- sary. But we should make it a strong point to attend the primary meetings of our party, to see to it that only good men are no minated for oflice; that the delegates to our State and County con- ventions are men whom we are not afraid to trust with our interests; and that the machinery of the party is not used to further the interests of bad men. This much we owe to ourselves, and are recreant to our duty if we neglect it. Then again we must qualify our- selves to act intelligently upon all questions of national politics. The ta- rift‘, taxation, finance, civilservice, and the transportation problem are all liv- ing issues, and offer us capital fields for study. ‘ Both parties recognize their import- ance, but both parties refer to them in their platforms in a few meaningless platitudes, or else treat them so ambig- uously that they may be read both ways with equal facility. The politicians smile slyly in their sleeves at the spas- modic interest which these questions excite, and make lavish promises of re- form —-promises which they do not mean to keep and never do. We want to cultivate a steady,wide-spread public sentiment on these questions, which shall force the parties to take some de- cided stand and then stick to it after election. We are too apt to think that our duty ends when we have cast our lzllots. We seldom think of holding our public men to any accountability, unless they commit some flagrant vio- lation of trust, like the “ salary grab,” for instance, and even then a few years find them back in their old positions, with the offense forgotten. You may think I am stating the matter too strongly when I state that our National campaigns are not conducted as if we were an intelligent people, but consider a moment. Which was most prominent in our last campaign, intelligent dis- cussion of important questions, or Vitu- peration, slander and mud-slinging? Did not the columns of every paper in the land reek with shameful personal abuse, with disgraceful attacks on pri- vate characters and with every possible appeal to ignorance and partisanship? Did not every stump orator belch forth at second-hand the same disgraceful diatribes? To an intelligent foreigner, taking an impartial view of the situa- tion, we must have appeared like a na- tion of lunatics, fit only for the mad- . house. Each side was trying its best to elevate to the highest office in the nation acaudidate who was described by the other side as being everything that was vile and disreputable, wholly destitute of moral sentiment, and fitter for the penitentiary than for the Presi- dency. Things have reached such a pass that a man must possess the stoic- ism ofa philosopher or the brazen fore- head of a confessed criminal, to consent to run for office. He must expect that every circumstance of his past life, ev- ery little peccadello of his ancestors, will be sought out and held up to pub- lic view, magnified and distorted with all the fiendish malignity which an un- scrupulous partisan press and platform can bring to bear on it. VVe are rapidly making it impossible to get decent can- didates for any public oflice. The farm- ers of the country must change this. VVe must put more intelligence into our politics. VVe must demand of our polit- cal parties to put trickery, chicanery and slander to one side, and meet im- portant questions fairly and squarely, with no evasion nor ambiguity. These savage assaults upon candidates are made only to draw the attention of the people from the main issues. The party leaders know their weakness on these points. VVith a few trifling alterations, the platform of one party would do equally well for the other. Hence it becomes a question of men, and the party that can kick up the greatest dust and throw the most mud and dirt ex- pects to succeed. Intelligence alone will draw our politicians out of this mire into which ignorance and parti- sanship have plunged them. This in- telligence it is useless to expect in our great cities; it must be found in the ru- ral districts or not at all. Our cities are already presenting to us the gravest po- litical problem of the country, in the shape of masses of ignorant voters, openly and shamelessly for sale to the highest bidder. The next political duty of farmers, fully important as the oth- er, is independence, political independ- ence. I assume that we all seek the same end, viz: an honest, just and eco- nomical administration of the Govern- ment. To effect this, we have ranged ourselves under the banners of two sep- arate and distinct opposing parties. In our zeal we have both given and receiv- ed hard blows. There have been many times in the past, doubtless, when we honestly believed that the policy of the opposite party was ruinous, and could bring nothing but disaster, and we have opposed it with all the strength and in- fluence we had. Now, I would not change this if I could. There u ever has been a better instrument than a party proposed for the carrying on of a gov- ernment, and there never will be, so long as two men refuse to think exactly alike. But have we not sometimes gone a. little too far? Have we not placed party before country, and grasped only the shadow when we aimed at the sub- stance? Party is a good servant, amost necessary one, but it can also be the worst of masters. In the hands of good men it is a valuable aid to good govern- ment: in bad men’s hands it becomes an intolerable evil. The party whip has lashed many a measure through Congress whose merits would never have gained it a second reading. It has forced many a man into the sup- port of men and measures which his conscience has condemned. In all the calculations of our politicians, party is ever paramount. The party is willing to e spouse anything that will bring it 9 votes, no matter how absurd or unjust. Party leaders, infected by the craze for oflice, do everything in their power to rivet more firmly the chains of parti- sanship which they have thrown about their followers. Independent speech or action is treated as a political crime, and to forsake the party, even though the party is in the wrong, is to be de- nounced as a renegade and turncoat. The whole tendency of this is to exalt party at the expense of country. This is entirely wrong. In political parties the people have the means of good gov- ernment in their hands, but they must use these tools as they would any oth- ers, with intelligence and discrimina- tion, and be prepared to cast them aside when they fail to accomplish the purpose for which they were created. There is but one way to reach men who manipulate caucuses and conven- tions, and that is at the ballot-box. They must be taught plainly that the people will not sipport bad nomina- tions, and they will soon cease to make them. Defeat before the people now and then has a wholesome influence on party leaders. It teaches them that they cannot rely upon the party, right or wrong, but that they must show a decent regard for the wishes of the peo- ple. . To make the parties most effective, there must be an active, interested, in- telligent and, above all, an independent public sentiment in the country. \Vhen this class becomes large enough to hold the balance of power, We may reason- ably look for purity, justice and efficien- cy of government at the hands of a po- lifical party, but not before.. To main- tain and increase this class of voters should be the great political duty of all farmers, and of other good citizens as well. The Agricultural College. An objection frequently urged against the Agricultural College is that it is unnecessary. This objection is urged by those who believe that the proper place to learn farming is on the farm. They belong to that class, happily continual- ly growing less, who have no concep- tion of agriculture as a science, and therefore make no distinction between the mere practical details of farming as an art and agriculture as a grand and comprehensive science, and there- fore have but a very imperfect idea of the object of the College, which is not to teach her students how to chop and plow, and mow, and hoe, and do the many other things pertaining to prac- tical farming, and which can be learn- ed on the farm at home as well as in any institution of learning,—— but to so cultivate and educate their minds and intellects that they can engage in the practical details of farming in an intel- ligent and systematic manner, instead of the loose and haphazard way that farming is usually carried on. This same objection could, with equal plausibility, be urged against all profes- sional and technical schools.Medical col- leges are not expected to graduate prac- tical doctors, nor law schools practical lawyers,nor the theological schools prac- tical preachers, nor scientific schools practical engineers,—but all they are expected to do, and all they can do, is to teach in a thorough manner the sciences especially pertaining to their several departments, and their students, after this preliminary education, are merely prepared to learn in an intelli- gent manner the practical details of their several professions, the doctor at the bedside of the sick, the lawyer in the office and court-room, the preacher in his desk and in his parish, and the engineer in the field. But because this is so, no one could argue, with any sort of plausibility, that a thorough knowl- edge of the science of medicine is not necessary to make a thorough doctor, or a knowledge of the principles of law to make a good lawyer. So with agri- culture, it is just as necessary for any one who would be a thoroughly intelli- gent farmer, to be versed in the sciences connected with his profession, as it is for a doctor, or lawyer, or preacher, or engineer to be educated in these con- nected with his profession. The object of the Agricultural Col- lege, so far as it is an educational insti- tution, is to teach the sciences, especial- ly in their application to agriculture, and at the same time impart the ele- ments of a liberal general education to her students, so that they may be not only intelligent in their own profes- sion, but may be prepared to meet the members of other professions on an equal footing. But some one says, “All this is well enough, but some of the graduates nev- er amount to anything as farmers." Granted. But is it not a notorious fact that many graduates of medical schools ignominiously fail to make good doc- tors ? And do not the graduates of law and theological schools often fail in their callings ? This is not because the schools which graduated them are at fault, but because, from natural defect or from some mental peculiarity, they are not fitted for the business they have been educated for. You cannot make a good farmer, any more than you can make a good doctor, or lawyer, or preacher, out of a “ bull-head,” even if he have grad- uated from fifty colleges, because the brain is lacking to make either. Nor can you make a good farmer out of a boy whose mind is not adapted to the business, and who is naturally peculiar- ly fitted for some other pursuit. But this would not argue that an agricultur- al education would not be a great ad- vantage to one who is naturally fitted for farming. It is for the purpose of giving farm- ers’ sons and others an opportunity to obtain a good general education at the same time that they are learning the principles of the science of agriculture, rather than to teach them the art of farming, that the Agricultural College is established. But at the same time the authorities of the institution have wisely provided that each student shall do a certain amount of farm labor—not because it is the primary object of the College to teach them to do farm work, but for the purpose of fostering habits tem, which would be likely to become diseased and weakened by exclusive mental labor, especially as most of her students have been accustomed to labor or to much out-door exercise. Thus is she likely to send out in hergraduates, good, strong, self-reliable men, vigor- ous not only in mind but also in body, and thus eminently prepared to battle bravely with the varied duties of life- whether their lot be cast upon the farm T or in some other pursuit. Another not unimportant object gained by this op- portunity to labor is that it enables stu- dents to pay a part of their expenses in this way—a great boon to many poor but ambitious young men. They are not only applying to actual practice the science they are learning, thus educat- ing themselves in the best sense of the word, but at the same time using the very means which is thus educating them, to pay their expenses. It may not be inopportune, perhaps, although at the expense of the unity of. this article, to ask if it is not because there is diffused among farmers less than there should be of such education as the Agricultural College is intended to impart, that they, as a class, have been so apathetic to their own interests that they have been satisfied these many years to have their Governors, and Senators, and Representives chosen from any other class but their own, although they are in _every way the most important factor in the body politic, and thus practically to be polit- ically ignored, except to go to the polls and vote submissively for such men, selected from other professions, as political tricksters may have nomin- ated for them. The same kind of apathy has led them to pay annually thousands of dollars without murmur- ing to build up and support great insti- tutions to educate doctors and lawyers, while they have suffered their own to languish with comparatively meager support and with but little sympathy from the very class it was intended to benefit. Gnonen PRAY. Woodard Lake, 190. of industry and ,to’_invigorate the sys- _ TI-IE GRANGE VISIT¢)R.. 3 tllnmmunicatinus. Farm Life. Agriculture is the greatest among the arts, for it is first in supplying our necessities; it favors and strengthens population; it" creates and also main- tains manufactures; gives employ- ment to navigation, and material to commerce. It opens to nations the surest channels of opulence, of all occupations, that of agriculture is best calculated to induce love of country, and rivet it firmly on the heart. No profession is more honorable, none more conducive to health, peace, tranquility, and happiness; no calling more independent. VVhen we walk abroad in nature, we go not as artists to study her scences, but as children to rejoice in her beauty. The breath of the pure air, the blue of the unclouded sky, the shining sun, and the green softness of the turf beneath our feet, are all that we require to make us feel that the farm presents more attrac- tions than city life, with its crowd- ed, bustling streets, its mockery of comfort, its crimes and follies. VVe deplore the disposition of young men to get away from farm homes to our large cities, where they are subject to so many temptations, which they too often fail to resist. Depend upon it if you would hold your sons and brothers from roaming away into the perilous centers, you must steadfastly labor to abate the task-work of farming, to surround your work with the proofs of intellectual progress. VVe have long observed with regret the growing ten- dency of young men and lads to aban- don the farm for the dangerous excite- ments of city life and trades." And very often, young men favored with every comfort of life fancy that they can do far better than to guide the ox to turn the stubborn soil, and with the merest trifle of consideration, they turn to the office or work shops of the city, which proves vastly less agreeable and profitable than they had anticipa- ted. \Vhere one is enabled to with- stand the sweeping tide of temptation, five are submerged in its angry waves, and hurried on to ruin. Every year finds hundreds, yes thousands, of such victims. It has been well said that for a young man of unstable habits and without religious principles, there is no place where he will be so soon ruined as in a large city. Parents throughout the country have not failed to realize the startling truth, and to sorely mourn the strange inclination of their sons. Parents, remember this,if you would not have your sons lost to you in after- life; if you would have them lenda hand to keep you in you in the rose- covered cottagé, instead of letting you go to the naked walls of a workhouse, make home pleasant and happy to them while they are young. Send them into the world in the full belief that “ there is no place like home, be it ever so humble.” And even should the old home, in the course of time, be pulled down or lost to your children, it will still live in their memories; the kind looks, and kind words, and thoughtful love of those who once inhabited it will not pass away. Farm- ers’ homes are capable of being made the most beautiful and attractive homes in the world. But they are not so made in a great many, and perhaps amajority of cases, and this is why the boy will leave. Now education, and the refinmeut which naturally accom- panies it, will go very far towards a reform in this particular. But a great many farmers, and others, think it does not pay to educate a young man who intends to give his life to the pursuits of agriculture. If it does not pay in dollars and cents, it will pay in true manhood and womanhood. Every person should acquire an education of some kind. L_et the country lad be as well educated for the mm as‘ his city cousin is for the bar or counting room. And by all \ proper means let the farmer appreciate his high and honorable position in the community. “ Ever remember,” writes Goldthwait, “that for health, substan- tial wealth, for rare opportunities for self-improvement, for long life, and real independence, farming is the best business in the world.” Another good - reason why farmers should be educated is this: W'ith a delegation of nine in the National House of Representatives, backed by a constituency more than fifty per cent of which are farmers, Michigan has not one representative who is a farmer, and has the interest of this class at » heart. And our State Legislatures are but little better._ Now why is this? Simply because our lawyers, and pro- fessors, and others, think that farmers pay so little attention to State and National affairs, and are so poorly educated that they are not fit to occupy these places. So the farmer will stand back and trust their welfare in the hands of those who make it their bus- iness to hunt and gain these places, those who have but little interest in the farmers’ welfare. Of course, no‘ one should vote for a man simply because he is a farmer, when they would be glad to do so could they feel assured that he had thought of something else than his farm, to that extent that he was quali- fied to cope with those whom he might meet, and not let their interests suffer. Farmers complain because they are are not heard in the Legislature. Now if you would remedy this, educate your sons to occupy these places. Send men there who have the interest of the farmer at heart. This is the best and only way in which you can ever occu- py your rightful places. History tells of one who was called from the plow to the palace, from the farm to the forum; and when he had silenced the angry tumult of the State resumed again the duties of a husband- man. It was Burns, the plowboy, afterwards the National bard of Scot- land. And Burns himself has left evidence that he composed some of the rarest gems of his poetry while en- gaged in rural pursuits. It would require volumes to enumerate the noble men who have recorded their exhalted appreciation of rural life and enterprise. VVashiugtou ever more enamored for the sickle than the sword, and unhesitatingly pronounced agriculture the most healthy, the most useful, the most noble employment of man. A. D. 0. was The Grange as a School. VVebster defines school as, “ A place for learned intercourse and instruction, an institution for learning, an educa- tional establishment, alyace for acquir- ing knowledge and mental training.” Than the Grange must be considered a school, for it assists us to become better men and women by practicing charity to others and earnestly striving to make ourselves purer and wiser, to become better farmers, by receiving information from other members and giving to them information in return, by experiments by different members with different crops, keeping a careful record of every- thing connected with the experiment and reporting the results to the Grange, that we may in the end make what are now chances, certainties; to make our farms and homes more attractive and pleasant. This is very important if farming is to be the business of our lives and if we expect to own our farms for years to come, we should try to secure the best results, and all should be will- ing to communicate their knowledge to the Grange through discussions, essays, or in some other manner. Co-opera- tiou—this needs careful study and infor- mation,which we can hardly receive ex- cept through the Grange; the pros- perity of the Grange and a great part of our success as farmers depends upon co- operation. To become good, law abid- ing citizens we must study and under- stand our laws. Patrons should study and understand them, for as 52 per cent. of the population of this State are farm- ers they must possess the power to con- trol legislation if they choose to exer- cise it, and they should exercise this right for the repeal of bad laws, and that good laws may be made so plain that all may understand them. If such changes are ever brought about it must be through the demands offarmers,prop- erly enforced by sending men to the Legislature and Congress who will en- force and respect our wishes, The farmer needs to learn to do with- out certain things ratherthan to run in debt for them. The Grange is the school in which we should carefully study the Preamble and Constitution of the Order, the By‘ Laws ofourGrange. the Declaration of Purposes, the Obligation, the Digest and Parliamentary Guide. These all need careful and thorough study; the Constituion and By—Laws that we may understand what we have solemnly ob- ligated ourselves to obey ; the Declara- tion ol"Purposes, that we may realize their justice and necessity, and give them our hearty support; the Parlia- mentary Guide, that we may under- stand the rules which govern legislative bodies, that we may know what motions are i11 order, how to make the motion and how to dispose ofit, so that we may be able to assist in the transaction of business in the Grange or in any other body in which we may be called to act. If we understand parliamentary rules so that we have no trouble with them in the Grange we shall not disgrace our- selves and those we may represent by our ignorance in any place where they are practiced. In conclusion, let me say our Grange school will be asuccess if we choose to do our part by writing for the Visirou essays,disc-ussions, select reading,decla- mations, song:-:,something to instruct or amuse, no matter ifit does take a little time and trouble. There is scarcely any time ofthe year but there is some stormy weather in two or three weeks. Use that time to write your piece or learn yoursong, and you will feel all the better for it, and when you go to the Grange you will feel as though you had done your part and had a right to enjoy yourselves. L. D. B. A Faruicr’s Party. Agriculture is the basis of life. Why not, then, take a hand in the structure of its conditions first among which are society and governmen t ? How else do we practically recognize and confirm the dignity of labor ? Is there no harvest field of results, for this class, to reward the labor ofa life time? Where are life’s elasticjoys to him who knows no freedom from partisan servi- tude and the grevious burden laid upon productive labor by the task-masters? VVhere to him is the innocent satisfac- tion that is to be derived only from the relations of equality that ought to be spontaneous. Must farmers have no opinions, aims, interests or sympathies peculiar to themselves, that they may proclaim no principles; but renuncia- tion and sacrifice of personal to parti- san weal? Such thraldom and the weariness it brings is the curse that brutifies humanity. It is a principle of the Patrons of Husbandry to build a higher manhood and womanhood among farmers, and one of the earnest demands of the Na- tional Grange is, “That governments be administered in a cheaper and simp- ler manner, consonant with the condi- tions of the people.” These are mat- ters upon which there can be no division and consequently no issue among farmers, as with religious or political questions that have two sides. Whenexrer the Patrons of Husbandry decide to present a candidate for any public position outside of politics on a farmers’ platform, they will be acting in accordance with the declared pur- poses of the Order. The producing classes hold the remedy for the ills of which they complain, in their own hand, and when farmers start, all other laboring classes will gladly join them, and a reform will be effected that will result in pecuniary benefits that are a condition ofenlightenment, enlighten- ment a condition of progress, and progress a condition of the highest manhood we seek. Let the farmers’ banner be flung to the breeze and every son ofsoil and toil take his stand.- Dirigo Rural. BOYS, because your father has been a Democrat or a Republican, do you think you must he one like him ? It is easy to inherit theology and politics from your father, but is it any evidence that you have used your brains? THE STRANGER ON THE SILL. Between the broad fields of wheat and corn is the lovely home where I was born; The peach tree leans against the wall, And the woodbine wanders over all . There is the shaded doorway stilli But a stranger's foot has crossed the sill. There is the bam—and, as of yore, I can smell the hay from the open door, And see the busy swallows throng, And hear the pewee’s mouthful song, But the stranger comes, Obi painful proof—_ His sheaves are piled to the heated roof. There is the orchard—the very trees That knew my childhood so well to please, VVhere I watched the shadowy moments run, Till my life embibed more of shade than sun ; The swing from the bough still sweeps the air, But the stranger’s children are swinging there. It bubbles, the shady brook below, \Vith the bulrush brook where the hazel grow, ‘Twas there I found the calimus root, And watched the minnows poise and shoot, And heard the robin love his wing- Bnt the stranger’s bucket is at the spring. Oh, ye who daily cross the sill, Step lightly, for I love it still ; And when you crown the old barn eaves, Then think that countless harvest sheaves Have pass» d within that scented door, To gladden eyes that are no more. The Humble Peanut. An interesting item recently went the rounds of the papers giving a state- ment of the enormous trade in peanuts wthose cheap little things so tooth-_ some to the ,<_;roundling. A great many people in the North fancy that peanuts grow on vines, and that they are all aIike—~although they cannot understand why it is that street ven- ders can sell what they consider the same article for less money than they can be bought for in stores. Peanuts do grow on vines, but like the Irish- man’s vineyard, the fruit is u11der the ground. They are not all alike, and the nuts that are peddled around variety shows and third-class theaters at a low price, are not the proper arti- cle to be ground to powder by the ivories of the truly good. The peanut section of Virginia, where the best and most delicious nuts are raised, is com- prised in the following counties: Southampton, Surrey, Prince George, Nansemond. Sussex, and Isle of VVight, with the crop extending of late years along the historic peninsular. The farmers of Princess Anne and No1'folk Bounties are at present paying partic- ular attention to that crop, while over the border in North Carolina, the County of Currituck, celebrated for its canvas-back ducks, wild geese, snipe, and swans, with its fish and fishing, is also celebrated for its peanuts. But Nansemond and Isle of \Vight, in old Virginia, bear off the palm for raising the finest peanuts in the Union, their flavor, size, and quality being far superior to all others. The crop year begins about October 1, and ends in the following September. It is estimated by competent judges that the crop of last year reached 900,- 000 bushels, of which amount Norfolk handled 600,000 bushels. The prices averaged $1 per bushel, which make-s_a big item for such an insignificant thing as a peanut. The State of Virginia alone will raise over 1,000,000 bushels this year, and Currituck, N. C., will send her usual quota, thus filling up the storehouses and factories of this city to their utmost capacity. It is stated on good authority that one acre of ground will yield from sixty to one hundred bushels of peanuts, which pays the farmer as much if not more than he can realize from any other or, . Vgalking around this city a few days ago, your correspondent by accident entered a large peanut factory on VVater street, and saw so many nuts in bags and out of bags that the idea sug- gests itself at once that some Connecti- cut Yank had invented a wooden pea- nut. The modus opcrandi by which the nuts are separated, cleaned, and classed is somewhat as follows: The third story of the building contains thousands of bushels of peas in bags, and there the continual roar‘of the machinery is deafening. Each machine has a duty to perform. First, here is a large cylinder in which all the nuts are placed, in order that the dust and dirt may be shaken oil‘ f them. They pass from this cylinde into the brushes, where every nut receives fifteen feet of a brushing before it becomes free. Then they pass through a sluice-way to the floor below, where they are dropped on an endless belt, about two and a half feet in width, and passing along at the rate of four miles an hour. On each side of the belt stand eight colored girls, and as the nuts fall from the sluice on to the belt, the girls, with a quick motion of the hand, pick out all the poor looking nuts and by the time the belt reaches the end, two-thirds of the nuts are picked ofi‘, allowing only the finest ones to pass the crucible. Those that do pass, drop through another sluice, and empty into bags on the floor below. When the bag is filled it is taken away by hand, sewed up, and branded as “cocks,” with the figure of a rooster prominent on,its sides. The peas caught up by the girls are thrown to one side, placed in bags, and carried in to another room, where they are again picked over, the best singled out, bagged, and branded as “ ships.” These are as fine a nut as the first for eating, but in shape and color do not compare with the “cocks.” Having gone over them twice. we now come to a third grade, which are called and branded as “ eagles.” These are picked out of the cullings of the “cooks ” and “ships,” but now and then you will find a res- pectable looking nut among them, though the eyes of the colored damsels are as keen as a hawk. and a bad nut is rarely allowed to pass their hands. The culllngs that are left from “eagles” are bagged. sent through the elevator to the top story, and what little meat is in them is shaken out by a patent sheller. which is not only novel, but as perfect a piece of machinery as was ever invented. The nuts being shelled by this process, the meat drops in bags below, free from dust or dirt of any kind, and are then shipped in two hundred pound sacks to the North, where they are bought up by the con- fectioners for the purpo-‘e of making taffy or ieanut candy. It may be here stated t at a peculiar kind of oil is extracted from the meat of the nut, and in this specialty a large trade is done among the wholesale druggists. There is nothing wasted, for even the shells are made useful. They are packed in sacks and sold to stable keepers for horse bedding. and a very healthy bed they make. A day’s work is about 3.000 bushels, which includes the labor of cleaning, picking, and packing for shipment. From all this it can be readily seen why the prices of peanuts vary so much, and why it is that the huckster. going round with his wagon, can sell cheaper than the stores; for he sells the “eagles,” while the shop-keepers sell those of a higher ;:‘1‘ade.—Z\'o2;fo//c (Va) 007-. Philadel- phia Times. The Patent Laws. I The legislation asked for in so many petitions from agriculturists and others, exempting from prosecution for in- fringement innocent purchasers and users of patented articles. and directing suit to be brought in all cases, of in- fringement, against the maker or vend- or of the article. has been incorporated by the House Committee on Patents in the bill now pending in their Commit- tee, amending ths Patent Laws in var- ious particulars. Besides the above pro- vision, it contains others restricting applications for re-issues to within eight years from the original grant, fixing an equitable measure of damages in case of suit for infringement. and reducing somewhat various Patent Office fees. It is thought that the bill will be passed, although the patent lawyers are greatly opposed to it.-—Ezchange, PAYING IN (’?HICr'3£-. ‘.-a..',‘5".,‘r‘-iv Mi???-.1 //I/GE/?80lL '8 Ready MfxedPA//V715’ THE BEST AND CHEAPEST PAINTS IN THE WORLD. Paris Green, London Purple, and Brushes of all Kinds. Freight paid on Paint and Paris Green to all parts oi the country. So it makes no di1fer- ence where you live, you get goods at the same price as if you were at the Factory. Our book, “ How EVERY ONE CAN PAINT," with 20 Brilliant Colors, Brushes, Etc., Illustrated, mailed free upon application to PATRONS’ PAINT WORKS, Send for our Book. 162 SOUTH ST., N. Y. GEO. W. HILL & 00., 80 Woodbridge St, - - Detroit, Are now prepared to handle Wheat, Oats and Com, IN CAR LOTS. Having plenty of storage room we can also handle APPLE S. POTATOES, BEANS, BUTTER, CHEESE, EGGS, and in fact anything and everything that a farmer has to sell, 0]: as Favorable Terms as any House in the City. We also PURCHASE ALL KINDS OF GOODS for STORES, CLUBS and Families At the Lowest Wholesale Price. 56*‘ Consignments and Orders Solicited. jyl2-no70tf. TI-IE AGRICULTURAL WORLD, A HANDSOME SIXTEEN PAGE WEEKLY. IT IS THE ONLY AGRICULTURAL PA- PER IN THE STATE OUTSIDE OF DETROIT. The Agricultural World market reports are fuller and more reliable than can be found in any other paper published in Western Michi- ga n. The Household Department is in the hands of a. practical housekeeper, and is carefully and ably conducted. ' Many of the ablest farmers and writers of Western Michigan are regular contributors to the World, and these practical, everyday let- ters are alone worth more than the subscnption price of the paper. The Grange interests and Grange news form a special feature, and are at all times fully represented. The series of arti- cles now running entitled “Farmers’ Relation to Law,” being an exhaustive treatise of the law of highways. titles, fences, drainage, es- trays. patent-rights, etc., etc,, are well worth five times the subscription price of the paper ($1.00). Every farmer in the State should read these articles. The duties of township officers are clearly pointed out, and all law questions relating to Agricultural pursuits fully ex- plained. The publishers will send to trial subscribers during the months of May and June as fol- lows: for three months, 25 cents; or in clubs of five or more, 20 cents each. r. M. CARROLL & oo., 52 Guru. STREET, — GRAND Ramos, Mien,