EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

 

BY ORDER OF THE

MICHIGAN STATE GRANGE.

[Kalamazoo Publishing 00.‘: Print.)

VOL/3,—No. 24. %
WHOLE No. 104

SCHOOLCRAFT, DECEMBER 15th, 1880.

{ YOUR SUBSCRIPTION
will Expire with N 0.

Entered at the Post Office at School-
craft as Second Class matter.

THE GRANGE VISITOR,

Is Published on the First and Fifteenth of
every Month

AT FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM,

invariably in Advance.

.1. 'l'. COBB, Editor and Manager.

To whom all communications should be ad-
dressed, at Schoolcraft, Mich.

Remittances should be by Registered Letter,
Money Order or Draft.

INDEX TO THIS NUMBER.

Exercise and Rest——B_ro. J. T. CObb’s Report
for 1880 to the Stare Grange. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4
Master J. J. Woodman’s Address before the
State Grange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2
The Sand Blast—A Good Recommendation—It'
I Should Die To-Night— Parkville Grange
No. 22——Pure Bred Merino Lheep—Wnght
Grange—Coldwater Grange, N 0. 137- Favors
5. Weekly but Not a Change in Price—A Cor-
rection—-Lansing Co-Operative Association-
Notice of Meetings—The Farm Home. . : . . 3
Secretaries’ Reports and Blanks —— Railway
Passes —- Representatives to State Grange,
Eighth Session, as Far as Reported—-An Ag-
ricultural Cabinet Ollioer-—The Dog Tax-—

Notice of Meetings, . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~l
Railways as Highways, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . o
Pickings by the way, NO. I20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Eleciion N otes—Love Lightens Labor—Ladies’
Department—-Bide Your L1me—The Reaper,
Death . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7

Proper Subjects for D1scuss1on——Adds, . . . . . . 8

Of!‘-cers Michigirl State Grange.

M.-—J. J. WOODMAN, - - Paw Paw.
O.—THOS. F. MOORE, - - - Adrian.
L.—C. L. WHITNEY, — - Muskegon.
S.—S. A. TOOKER, - - - Lansing.
A. S.——A. E. GREEN, — - Farmington.

C.—SALMON STEEL, Manton, Wexford Co.

T.—S. F. BROWN, - - Schoolcraft.
Sac.—-J. T. COBB, - - - “

G. K.—A. N. WOODRUFF, - Watervliet.
CEnEs.—M.Bs. C. L. WHITNEY, Muskegon.

POHONA—MBS. G. W. EWING, Ross, Kent Co.
1'~‘x.oaA—Ms.s. J. J. WOODMAN, Paw Paw.
L. A. S.—Mns. A. E. GREEN, Farmington.

Executive committee.

J. WEBSTER CI-IILDS, Chairman, Ypsilanti.
F. M. HOLLOWAY, - - Hillsdale.
C. G. LUCE, - - Gilead, Branch Co.
WESTBROOK DIVINE, Belding, Ionia Co.
THOMAS MARS. Berrien Center, Ben-ien Co.
Wu. SATTERLEE, Birmingham, Oakland C0.
.1’, Q. A. BURRINGTON. Tuscola, Tuscola Co.
J. J. WOODMAN, J. T. COBB, - Ex. Ofiicio.

General Deputy.

C. L. WHITNEY, - - - Muskegon.

Special Lecturers.

 
    
 

,... . Shiawassee Co
‘ e,..Washtenaw Co
ll ll

. . .AdI-ian... .Lenawee "

Chas. E. Mickley.

Proper Subjects. for Discussion.

The long winter evenings are about
being initiated for the seasons of 1880-
81, and all good Patrons_ and Matrons
of Subordinate Granges are naturally
perplexed as how to put in best the prec-
ious time at regulafl‘ or special meet-
ings. In order to help them out of the
dilemma, we would suggest to their
Uonsideration the following subjects of
discussion, which we clip from the
Canadian Farmer. The questions pre-
sented are pertinent and timely, and if
properly and prudently ventilated they
will eliminate information that will
be like “ bread cast upon the waters.
to return after many days.” And
more, an intelligent discussion of such
questions by the prominent and learn-
ed members in the Order will go a
great ways in advancing the education-
al features of the Grange. Read care-
fully, then cut out and preserve as a
memoranda:

Howshall we best advance the inter-
est of our young people in farming ?

Is there need for colleges devoted ex-
clusively to agricultural training ?

Is the burden of taxation equally
borne b all branches of business—in
proport on to profit—or does the farm-
er hear an undue proportion ‘.7

Would it not be more profitable for
farmers to cultivate less acres and what
the do, more thoroughly ?

ich is the most successful method
of sowing-broadcast or drilling 7

Would soiling be a more advantage-
ous Jnethod of summer-feeding stock
than posturing ?

Secretary J. T. Cobb’s Report for 1880
to the State Grange.

Worthy Zllasler and Patrons .-

In comingagain before the represen-
tatives of the Subordinate Granges of
Michigan and our visiting Brothers
and Sisters of the Order, at this eighth
session of this body, to render an ac-
count of our stewardship, it is our
purpose to confine ourselves mainly to
astatement of the business committed
to our care by the laws of the Order and
its Executive oflicers. As much of its
financial management is under the di-
rection of your Secretary, we will give
it our first attention.

For its maintenance and support the
Michigan State Grange has few sources
of revenue. The first and only one
known to the Order, are the fees and
dues from Subordinate Granges, which
it is required shall be paid quarterly to
the Secretary of the State Grange. The

second is so meagre as hardly to deserve

mention, it being a fee of $3, which by
law and usage finds its way into the
treasury of the State Grange for each
Pomona Grange organized in the State.

The third source of revenue comes
from the sale of such supplies as are
needed to carry on the business of a
Subordinate Grange, and which for the
sake of convenience we keep in our of-
fice and forward by mail or express on
all cash orders. From this source we
have been able annually to pay over a
small sum to the State Treasurer.

The fourth source of revenue,—the
publication of the GRANGE VISITOR,—-
was not instituted and has never been
relied on as a revenue measure. Though
first ordered published by the Execu-
tive Committee to provide a means of
communication between the State and
Subordinate Granges, and relieve to
some ex= entthe Master’s office from cor-
respondlluce, and the Executive Com-
mitten fzlsrr. the expense of issuing cir-
culars from time to time,yet we find the
GRANGE VISITOR has each year come
forward with its little balance to add to
the general fund.

The fees and dues collected for the

fiscal year 1880, amount to . . . . . . . .
Amount received for the organiza-

tion of four Pomona Granges was
The orders for supplies sold

during the year number

637, for which we received $553 32
Amount paid for supplies 414 02
Leavinga profit balance of

$3,033 00
I2 00

139 30

For this total amount of . . . . . . . . . . . . @5184 3—0
I hold the receipts of Treasurer

Brown.
THE GRANGE VISITOR

now occupies an important place in the
great work ofthe Order, as indicated by
the growth and extent of its circulation.
Our receipts for the fiscal year 1880,
were:

 

From subscriptions . . . . . . . . 82,389 56
From advertising . . . . . . . . . 403 74
Total receipts . . . . . . . . - $2,793 30
The expense attendingits pub-
lication was :
For the 24 editions . . . . . . . . $2,077 82
“ wrapping paper . . . . .. l6 ll
“ mailing machine.... . 15 50
“ *’ lis  .. 35 00
“ " books . . . . . .. 6 00
“ traveling and inciden-
tal expenses . . . . . . . . 50 61
“ freight and drayage.. 17 26
“ clerk hire . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 50
“ postage. . . . . 166 20
Total cost . . . . . . . . . . -——- $2,612 00
Leaving a credit balance of 3 181 30

This is a much better showing than
we expected. The enormous advance
in paper after it had been determined
by the Executive Committee to enlarge
the VISITOR fifty per cent., threatened
to more than absorb the few hundred
dollars of profit that had been saved the
previous year, and nothing but the ef-
forts of its friends in securing about
1,500 new subscribers to its list, saved
it from becomin a tax upon the treas-
ury of the State range.

The advanced price of paper has not
been maintained, and other things be-
ing only equal, the VISITOR, if contin-
ued in size, frequency of issue and make
up, as at present, should another year
leave a much larger balance in the
treasury. _

Those of you who are famiHar with
the history of the VISITOR, will remem-
ber its unpretending size and meager
subscription list at the end of its first
volume, although we had a member-
ship in the State at that time of several
thousand more than we now have.

Unlike the Order, it was established
to serve. Its growth has been gradual,
each year showing a positive increase
of subscriliets, until, as we look back
over these years of its history, it seems

to have passed from that uncertain con-
dition of experiment that characterizes
every new venture, to a state of estab-
lished permanence.

From time to time it has taken on
greater size and been a little more pre-
tentious in appearance, until its claim
to a respectable standing is now gener-
ally Iecognized, and we believe it is
second to no other of the class to which
it belongs, in its make up and general
appearance.

In its management we have endeav-
ored to keep within the constitutional
restrictions of the Order when discuss-
ing questions about which among our
readers, an honest difference of opinion
exists. How well we have succeeded in
this we must leave for others to deter-
mine. '

That it serves a valuable purpose in
maintaining the integrity of the Order,
and exerts a vitalizing influence among
the members wherever freely circulated,
we confidently believe.

The narrow views of the objects of the
Order at first entertained by a large
proportion of its membership, in com-
mon with the general public. can be
enlarged in no other way so effectually
as by continual reading of a Grange pa-
per that claims for the farmer equal
chances in the field of political prefer-
ment, and persistently labors for the
restoration of our power and influence
in the affairs of government, to the end
that our material interests now tram-
meled and subject to unjust and capri-
cious exactions may be secured for our-
selves and those who follow our voca-
tion in the years to come. The truisms
of our Declaration of Purposes must be
persistently pressed upon the attention
ofPatrons, and of farmers outside the
gate so far as they can be reached.

The sphere of usefulness and benefit
of such a paper is not confined to the
Order. Whatever of benefit comes to
us as Patrons, in some degree comes to
our fellow farmers, by’ every effort of
the Grange to improve the Order; and
we note with satisfaction that the sup-
port from outside, is fully keeping pace
with the increase from our Own mem-
bership. The influence of a journal de-
voted to any special work is so well
understood, that we have a right to ex-
pect every earnest Patron will make
some effort to extend the circulation of
the VISITOR beyond the confines of the
Order. With that duty faithfully per-
formed, the subscription list of the VIS-
ITOR would double within three months,
and the objects sought to be attained by
Patrons would be sooner secured.

We have referred to the receipts of our
office from various sources, and as the
report of the Executive Committee will
cover all matters relating to disburse-
ments, we see no occasion to recite what
would in their report be repeated.

\Vith the approval of the Worthy
Master, who kindly consented to pro-
vide for and see to the make-up of the
VISITOR during our absence, we left
early in March to carry into effect a
long cherished purpose of visiting the
Golden State of the Pacific coast.

Returning early in May we resumed
our work for the Order. Some account
of our ramblings appeared from time to
time in the VISITOR, though to this
time we have failed to complete and
publish allour record of what we made
note of at the time. Other matters
nearer home have so engaged our at-
tention that we have nearly lost sight
of all those new made friends and
pleasant scenes that for the time en-
gaged our attention.

At an informal meeting of the Exec-
utive Committee at the Agricultural
College in June last, it was determined
to accept an invitation from the Master
of Ingham County Grange to hold the
annual State Picnic on the grounds of
the Michigan Central Agricultural So-
ciety near the city of Lansing,August 12,
and we were directed to make,arrange-
ments for special rates over the several
railroads touching Lansing. This work
was done, and although _the meeting
was a pronounced success In every par-
ticular, yet We have reason to believe a
thousand more people would have at-
tended if the railroads could have fur-
nished transportation to all those desir-
ing to go.

The Patrons of Ingham County are
deserving of great credit for their efforts
to entertain friends from a distance.

These annual gatherings of Patrons
from distant parts of the State. llke
these annual sessions of the State
Grange, serve to bring together for con-
sultation and recreation large numhers
of the Order, and are of such manifest
advantage that we lodk upon annual
State picnic meetings as an established
institution.

The passenger agents of the several

railroads of the State no longer hesitate
to make the necessary arrangements
for our accommodation, so far as they
are able, at the uniform rate of two
cents per mile each way, whenever we
have occasion to ask for such arrange-
ments.
PLASTER.

The plaster interest, which at each
returning session has been presented as
a_ question for discussion, ofiers at this
timea new feature.

From Day & Taylor we learn that the
manufacturers of plaster have agreed to
fix the price ofland plaster at $2.50 per
ton on track at Grand Rapids. This is
the maximum price agreed upon be-
tween the Executive Committee and
Msssrs. Day & Taylor, and while it is
not at all exorbitant, is probably fairly
remunerative to the manufacturers. By
the unwise course adopted and persist-
ed in by the manufacturers for several
years, the farmers of the State have
mainly bought plaster at or below cost.
The present agreement indicates that
the Michigan plaster war has ended. It
has been a prolonged fight. And to
that loyalty to principle, fair dealing,
and unfaltering tenacity of Bros. Day
& Taylor are the Patrons of Michigan
indebted for this practical vindication
of the position taken by them five years
ago when the plaster association under-
took tocompel the intervention of an
agent between themselves and the con-
sumer. Messrs. Day &. Taylor have
at great expense established their busi-
ness, and with facilities second to no
other manufacturers in the State,are pre-
pared to supply Patrons with pure fine-
ly ground plaster. That the Patrons
who have stood by this firm through
these years will continue both as a mat-
ter of duty and interest to give them
their patronage, we cannot doubt.

CONDITION OF THE ORDER.

The VVorthy Master and State Lec-
turer have been in the field, and min-
gled with the members of the Order
throughout the State, and their reports

.to you. will give more exact informa-
tion of the condition of the Order than
we are able to give :from our official
stand point.

That we have not lost ground within
the year every department of our busi-
ness would seem to indicate.

Of fees and dues we have received
$118.47 more than for the year 1879, and
of supplies, we have sold more than
twice the amount of the previous year.
This was partly owing to the complete-
ness of the collection published with
the revised By-Laws of the last" State
Grange which have found a very ready
sale, and to the demand for the sixth or
revised edition of the Ritual. All goods
kept as supplies have been in demand.

These facts, taken in connection with
the growth of the VIsIToR—a1l indica-
tions of the growth of the 0rder——-clear-
ly point in one direction and we assume
that the real working force has lost
none of its faith and none of its zeal in
the good work.

We have shown a small increase of
receipts during the year to the treasury
of the State Grange, and, as the report
of the Executive Committee will show,
a larger cash balance at the close of the
fiscal year than for the previous year.

But with this encouraging fact before
us, another fact not so flattering is often
pressed upon our attention.

The demand for some help—some-
thing to stimulate the sluggish and
dormant members of inactive and pas-
sive Granges, thatwhile not dead, have
little vitality, and really must have
outside aid to keep them from falling
into a condition of decay that will end
in death——this demand comes to us so
often, and with such earnestness, that
we continually feel the importance of
some more effective lecture system.
We know that an empty treasury is a
reflection upon the business manage-
ment of any organization, and is a con-
dition that should not be permitted,
yet we believe no better security for its
future healthy condition can be taken,
than by ajudicious use of some of the
surplus funds on hand in the payment
of competent lecturers for labor among
the Subordinate Granges of the State.
Not in seaching the unwritten work of
the Order, but in lectures in Grange
halls and 'open to the public, upon the
subject of transportation, the inefficien-
cy and expensiveness of our judicialsys-
tem, and such other questions as by our
Declaration of Purposes clearly come
within the scope of the declared obj ects
of this organization.

Through some legislative committee,
or otherwise before the close of this ses-
sion, we shall probably ask of the rep-
resentatives of the people who will soon
occupy these halls, for some legislation

in the interest of those we represent.

Can we not answer this demand for
aid, strengthen the Order and increase

its membership, maintain its rinan--

cial soundness and make our influence
felt, I1ot only among the people, but by
our law makers, by inaugurating some
lecture system that shall not be more
expensive than the State Grange treas-
ury can safely carry?

This organization of farmers has
come to be recognized, not only by
its own members, who are supposed
to best understand its objects, but
also by the press of the country, byoth-
er organizations of people, and by the
agricultural department of this great
country, as the leading spirit in the
march of agricultural progress which is
bringing the farmers of our land to a
higher social and educational condition,
and we must not rest satisfied with the
routine work of regular meetings, but
persist in an aggressive policy, not upon
the rights of other classes, but tor the
recovery of our own.

It isa no longer a question whether
we are in earnest or not; that point has
been settled.

The State Lecturer has, no doubt,
done what he could, but the field is
large, and demands for its successful
cultivation more laborers, to the end
that the good seed already sown may
everywhere bear fruit. No one man,
however capable and faithful, can meet
all the demands upon him, or doj ustice
to the work.

VVe venture to submit these thoughts
for your consideration, relying on that
care and caution which has always
characterized this body and its Execu-
tive Committee, for a safe disposition of
the suggestions offered.

Two years ago, before this Capitol-

the pride of our State — had received
the finishing stroke of the architect,
this State Grange of Michigan were in
possession of this Hall, by invitation of
the State officers having in charge this
property of the State. These years have
come and gone, as others will come and
go; and to us who have devoted our
time and our best energies to the work
of the Order, no fact is more obviously
true than this: that the spirit -of prog-
ress and improvement which character-
izes this nineteenth century has per-
meated the agricultural class of this
country, and even now lends brightness
to the horizon of our Nation’s future
life. But hopeful as we are, and confi-
dent of ultimate success, we think we
see in the near future a mighty strug-
gle between the people on the one hand,
and on the Other, the giant corpora-
tions that have in a score of years grown
to such colossal size and strength, as to
threaten, by their insiduous arts, venal
practices, and audacious claims, to over-
ride and trample upon the rights of the
people, ruthlessly appropriate the re-
sults of their labor, and give direction
to the legislative departments of both
the State and, the National govern-
ments. There is much work.to do, and
the self-assumed responsibility of lead-
ing in this work belongs to the Order
of Patrons of Husbandry. It is grat-
ifying to know that we have attracted
to our aid commercial and other in-
fluences that recognize the capricious
tyranny of unrestrained corporations.
With such vast interests at stake, and
such a large proportion of our people
interested, we believe that organized
effort will educate the people to such an
understanding of the situation, that, at
no distant day, we shall see the ripe
fruits of that Declaration of Purposes
which proclaimed to the world that
“ VVe mutually resolve to labor for the
good of our Order, ;our country, and
mankind.”

» And now, brother and sister Patrons,
present or absent — not unmindful of
the many evidences of your confidence
and good will, and confidently believ-
ing that your devotion to the objects of
the Order will successfully provide for
carrying on its legitimate work — we
surrender to you, for your disposal, the
ofiicial responsibilities assumed by us

at your command, and, with no abate-
ment of our interest in and love for this
grand organization, which has under-
taken so much for the American farm-
er,with your permission we shall return
again to the less exacting labors of our
own private affairs. COBB.

LOTS of people are ready to rob Peter
to pav Paul, but they get tired when
their-job is half done: they neglect to
pay Paul.

 

A WOMAN should never accept a
lover without the consent of her
heart, nor a husband without the con-

sent of her judgment.

 


 

TI-IE GRANGE VISITOR.

§Ia5tcr’5 flvpartmmt.

J . J. WOODMAN.

PAW PAW

Master J J. Woodmmvs Address before
the State Grange.

_-‘llembers of the Alichigan State Grange,
and Patrons of Michigan .-

“ Time flies.” The years come and
go, and leave their impress on our
brows in deeper wrinkles and more sil-
very locks. But eight short years have
passed since our Order came into life in
this State,— yet. by our care and guid-
ance. it has surmounted every difficul-
ty. grown up to full manhood, and
taken its‘ place among the permanant
institutions of the State. Again we
meet to look over the past, and prepare
for its future work and greater achieve-
ments. '

This State Grange was organized
April 15, 1873, with twenty Subordinate
Granges, and a membership ofless than
500. and at the the time of the first an-
nual meeting, held in the village of
Kalamazoo,in January,1874, there were
216 Granges, with a membership esti-
mated at 10,000. At the second annual
meeting, held in the city of Grand Rap-
ids, in January, 1875. the records showed
that 564 Granges had been organized,
making an increase of 348 during the
year. In his communication to the
State Grange at that session. VVorthy
.\Iaster S. F. Brown said : “ In the old
and densely settled parts of the State,
little remains to be done ; While in the
new and sparsely populated regions
there is work for the organizing Depu-
rv, * * VVithin the past year,
I have received many letters from
members of the Order, in which the
writers complain of irregularities and
improprieties in their respective
Granges, * * * One cause of
the want of success and harmony in
some of the Granges, comes from the
fact that sufficient caution and care
were not exercised in the admission of
the first membership. In some cases
persons have been admitted to our Or-
rler as charter members who had no
sympathies or interests in harmony
with its purposes, and who sought ad-
mission within the gates from selfish
and sinister motives, and for purposes
of personal aggrandizement.”

“It would not be reasonable to expect
of Granges thus constituted any unity
of purpose, or any great social or pe-
.;-uniary advancement.

“ There was another class of persons
who come into the Grange. who were
real farmers, who imagined that to real-
ize great pecuniary advantage it would
only be necessary to take the obliga-
tion of a Patron, and receive the de-
grees.

“ There is another class. comprising a
great majority of the members of the
Order, who, feeling the absolute neces-
.-:ity of organization and co-operation
on the part of the farmers, and pro-
foundly appreciating the true spirit and
objects of the Order. have come into it
with pure hearts and an earnest purpose
to work out the momentous problems
of the hour.”

Worthy Master Brown took in the
whole situation, and the above was a
correct statement of the condition of the
Order when I was called to the execu-
tive office. The Granges were general-
ly without a correct knowledge of the
real purposes of the Order, or discipline
in the work of the manual ; and many
of them were composed of an incongru-
nus element, which could never be
brought into harmony. To get mem-
bers seemed to be their paramount ob-
ject; and as there was no well defined
rules establishing the jurisdiction of
‘Granges, the law fixing the initiatory
fees of members was disregarded, and
bidding for members at very low fees
was resorted to for the purpose of still
swelling the number of names upon the
roll book. Bitterness and discord en-
sued, and many were the complaints of
a serious and complicated character
that came before the Master for adjust-
ment. It was evident, that in order
to secure fraternal relations among
members, harmony between Granges,
and save the Order from falling to pieces
by discord and its own overgrown
weight, jurisdiction must be estab-
lished,-discipline enforced, the right of
Granges maintained and the laws and
rules of the Order obeyed. I therefore
at once established the jurisdiction of
Granges, counseled strict obedience to
all laws and usages of the Order, recom-
mended the consolidation of all weak
and superfluous Granges into strong
and active organizations, the building
of Grange halls, organization of Coun-
ty and District Granges, circulation of
Grange and agricultural papers, and
employing etficient Lecturers for public
an private meetings. I also encour-
aged discussions and literary exercises
in Grange meetings for the develop-
ment of home talent, and extending
the sphere of thought and. practical
knowledge among all the members, and
frequent intermingling of members for
recreation, social culture and refine-
ment. In matters relating to educa-
tion, it has been my aim to impress

u 11 our members the importance of a’

higher education for farmers’ sons and
daughters; and of so elevating the
standard of our common schools as to
make them what they should be,
schools where every child in the State
can obtain a thorough and practical
knowledge of all the primary and
many of the higher branches of learn-

ing. I have also maintained, hat as a
question, not only of sound public li-
cy but of justice and e uity, tle ‘tats
should provide for the e ucation of men
and women for the industrial pursuits
as well as for professional life.

I have urged with earnestness that
Patrons should make themselves thor-
pugh acqugintedd wlilthfi businelss, the

aws of tra e, an t e nancia opera-
tions of the speculative world;and as far
as practicable co-operate for their mu-
tuail advalptage, andl protection from the
wi y trio in 0 trave ing agents and im-
posters; to cultivate friendly relations
with all honorable business men; to en-
courage home production and home
manufactures; to “briitiig prodi}cers and
consumers, farmers an manu acturers
‘into the mlplst direct and friendllly rela-

lons possi e;” to svstematize a of the
operations of the farmaand do business
in a business way, iscountenancin
"the credit system, the mortgage sysg
tein, the fashion system, and every oth-
er system that leads to prodigality and
bankruptcy.”

In politics, I have ever maintained,
that ‘the harmony, usefulness and per-
petuity of our organization can only be
preserved, by adhering strictly to the
principles enunciated in our Declara-
tion of Purposes; especially in prohibit-
ing the discussion of all partisan politi-
cal questions in the Grange. ‘ And yet,
every Patron should be an active, work-
ing, thinking politician, “doing all in
his power legitimately, to influence for
good the action of aiiy political party to
which he belongs, attending the pri-
mary meetings and nominating con-
ventions, and striving to secure the
nomination to office of competent,
faithful and honest men who will un-
flinchingly stand by our industrial in-
terests, and who have carried out the
principle, that the ofiice should seek the
man, and not the mom the ofiice.” But
above and beyond all these let it never
be forgotten, but cherished by every
Patron, as the Polar-star to guide, the
“ Faith ” to maintain, and the “ Hope”
to inspire, that the crowning glory of
all our work as an Order is to educate
and elevate the American Farmer.

STATE LEGISLATION.

The last’ Legislature of our State was
memoralized by the State Grange, and
petitioned by Subordinate Granges, for
certain reforms in State laws, which
without question, the interests of the
State and the people demanded; but
which did not meet with favor, by a
majority of the members of that body.
Two years have passed, the records of
legislators scanned, and either endorsed
or condemned, and another election of
representatives taken place. It seems
but proper that We should renew our re-
quests, and show by our faith and our
acts that we are in earnest in our de-
mands, and that the word “fail” in a
laudable undertaking is not yet to be
written upon our banner.

I am of the opinion that the Order in
this State, has sufficient influence, if
properly directed, to secure wholesome
reforms in legislation. Legislators are
but servants of the people, exercising
only delegated power, and responsible
to the people for every act. As a rule
they are high minded, honorable men,
representing every interest, ambitious
to so legislate as to promote the general
welfare, and will obey the wishes of
their constituents if made known to
them.

Our Subordinate Granges, composed
of men and women from the very best
element of society. are located in almost
every neighborhood in the State, and
their representatives are in this body.
It only remains for us to recommend,
point the way, and then show our
faith by our Works, to reach the great
mass of our citizens, and enable them
to speak by petitions to the Legislature
of our State and make their wants
known, and their influence felt.

Two years ago we declared that the
law allowing ten per cent. interest on
money, under special contract should
be repealed, and a penalty inflicted for
exacting or taking more than legal in-
terest, and that the attorney fee, and
cost of foreclosing mortgages on real es-
tate, be limited within the bounds of
equity and reason, so as to give the un-
fortunate mortgagor some chance to
save a small pittance,at least, of the hard
earnings of a lifetime, from the avari-
ciousness of men.

The Patrons of the State of New
York, petitioned the last Legislature of
that State for a reduction of the legal
rate of interest to six per cent. and it
was done. May wenot then with confi-
dence ask our Legislature to limit the
rate to seven per cent. with restrictions
from taking more.

TAXATION OF PERSONAL PROPERTY.

The fact that real estate bears an un-
due burden of taxation, while a very
large portion of the personal property
of the State pays no taxes whatever,was
suflicient reason for asking the last
Legislature to provide for a more just
an equal assessment and taxation of all
_classes of personal property, including
money and securities. As no definite
action was taken to remedy the evil,
the burden still exists, and the same
reasons for renewing the demand.
Should it not be done‘?

STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE.

This is our institution. established to
meet the requirements of a progressive
agriculture. The State Grange, as well
as many of the Subordinate Granges,
have taken deep interest in it from the
first. We found it giving to its stu-
dents, in ii fuller and more systematic
way, that education which it is part of

the work of the Grange to make general
among all its members. Some worthy
members of our Order have even ven-
tured the opinion that the influence of
the Colle e upon education is limited,
compare with the Grange, without
reflecting that the College is for the
young, and gives them a thorough lit-
erary course of training, in which
science is applied direct to practical ag-
riculture. In addition to all this, ex-
periments are made, new problems
solved, hidden truths brought to light,
and much other valuable and necessary
work is being done, which no farmer,
however intelligent, or organization of
farmers, can do. Such is the diffusive
nature of education, and such is its in-
creased power when it is systematic,
thorough, and comprehensive, that it
is diflicult to make such comparisons.
Both means of education are needed,
and they serve to aid and supplement
each other. Many graduates and stu-
dents of the College are active members
of our organization in this State, thus
being doubly educated to love the farm,
and the independent and honorable
calling of the farmer.

It is most gratifying to know that at
least one half of the graduates of the
College engage in farming as their
chosen avocation, and those that go
into other employments than agricul-
ture carry with them a familiarity and
sympathy with farming interests which
they would not have had under a differ-
ent system of education. The general
spirit which controls the whole educa-
tional system of colleges and universi-
ties in this country is literary and pro-
fessional, rather than practical. It as-
sumcs that the students are to be phys-
icians, lawyers, editors, teachers, cler-
gymen, etc.; and as these professions
are overcrowded, and but few of the
graduates succed in them, when the
struggle with an active business life
begins, the want of a more practical
education is keenly felt. Our Agricul-
tural College is intended to supply this
long-felt want, and to qualify its grad-
uates for the industrial pursuits, as well
as the professional. Valuable improve-
ments are being made upon the farm,
the stock, and the orchards. The botan-
ical and horticultural department has
been put in possession of a hall for its
especial use. .The number of students
has largely increased ; and the farmers’
institutes, held under the auspices of
the College, are highly appreciated by
the farmers of the State, and are doing
much to make the institution more
widely and better known. The College
is indeed having a healthy and steady
growth, and is well worthy the support
We give it.

But as the State Grange has a stand-
ing committee.on the College, which,
together with the oflicers of the State
Grange, by invitation of the State
Board of Agriculture, participated in
the pleasant gathering at the College,
with the officers of the State Agricul-
tural Society, and the State Pomologi-
cal Society, for present condition,
wants, and prospects of the College, I
will refer you to the report of that com-
mitte. But I cannot close this refer-
ence to the College, without calling
your attention to the fact, that while
ample provisions are made by the State
for the accommodation of ladies at our
State University, yet they are practi-
cally excluded from the College for
want of suitable accommodations. Our
sons and daughters are reared and edu-
cated together in the family, the com-
mon school, High school, University,
and denominational institutions every-
where, and can anyone give a valid
reason why provisions should not be
made for farmers’ daughters at the Ag-
ricultural College, as well as for their
sons? This question demands your
serious attention, and as the whole
matter rests with our State Legislature,
that body must be appealed to, if a
change is desired.

GRANGE VISITOR.

The value of this paper to our Order
cannot well be estimated. It has more
than met the expectations of its origina-
tors and supporters; and the only ques-
tion in relation to it seems to be, what
can be done to further extend its useful-
ness? My convictions are, that its
publication should be continued as a
semi-monthly, under its present man-
agement; and that it be enlarged when-
ever its financial condition will warrant
it, without increasing the price of sub-
scription.

NATIONAL GRANGE.

A very important and interesting
session of the National Grange was
recently held in the City of Washing-
ton, the birthplace of our Order, and
the home of most of its founders. The
delegates from thirty-one States~—more
than was ever represented at any for-
mer session at that body—and a large
number of visiting members were most
cordially and appropriately welcomed
by the founders of the Order. The
able and interesting address of welcome
by Bro. Saunders, the first Master of
the National Grange, as well as the
cheering and happy response of Bro.
Darden, and the remarks of Bro. J. R.
Thompson in behalf of the founders
will be read with deep interest by
Patrons everywhere.

The members devoted their time and
energies to the business of the session,
with a directness and close application,
seldom, if ever, excelled in like bodies,
and the deliberations of the session
were intensely interesting, and some-
times animated, yet, after full and fair
discussion, harmonious and unanimous
action was reached on nearly all impor-

tant questions. I herewith submit the
reports of the Committees on “ Trans-
portation and Commercial Relations,”

‘Agriculture,” "Good of the Order,”
and “ Dormant Granges,” and ask that
they be referred to the appropriate com-
mittees for their consideration and dis-
position.

But one amendment to the Constitu-
tion was referred to the State Granges
for ratification, and that is herewith
submitted for your action.

The following resolutions contain a.
summary of the final action of the Na-
tional Grange upon the several ques-
tions therein named:

“Resolved,That the National Grange
of the Patrons of Husbandry most res-
pectfully, yet earnestly request of Con-
gress—

“ lst, That the Commissioner of Agri-
culture be made the Secretary of Agri-
culture, and a member of the Presi-
dent's cabinet, with the same salary as
Secretaries of other departments, and
that this department he sustained and
encouraged by appropriations commen-
surate with its importance.

“ 2d. The enactment of a general rail-
road law, prohibiting all discrimina-
tion in favor of or against any class,
locality, or interest in the transporta-
tion of passengers or freight; also pro-
hibiting excessive or exorbitant rates.

" 3d. Such revision of the patent laws
as shall effectually protect the innocent
purchaser or user of a patented article
or implement, and make the manufac-
turer or vendor alone responsible for
violations of law. ,

“ 4th. The immediate enactment of a
graduated income tax, to the end that
all wealth may bear its just and equal
proportion of the expenses of govern-
ment, and that productive industry be
so far relieved from the burdens of tax-
ation as shall be consistent with strict
justice to all.

“Resolved, That we will hold each
Senator and Representative in Con-
gress responsible for his action upon
the subject matter herein set forth, and
we pledge ourselves most cordially, and
earn estly.invite every Patron and every
farmer in all our country to unite with
us, to use our whole influence, both by
word and ballot, wholly regardless of
party ties, political associations, or per-
sonal connections, to carry out the
spirit of the foregoing resolutions.”

Blank petitions will be prepared and
forwarded to the Secretary of the, State
Grange, to be by him transmitted to
the Subordinate Granges, with instruc-
tions that they be generally circulated
for signers, and then forward to the
member of Congress representing the
district in which the petitioners reside.
There is scarcely an indivld al in any
community who will not glglly sign a
petition to regulate inter-S ate com-
merce by a National law, and to protect
innocent holders of patented articles
from unjust prosecution and extortions;
and if we desire practical results from
our petitions, we must be prompt and
thorough in the work of obtaining sig-
natures. and in forwarding them.

I recommend that every Subordinate
Grange in the State hold open meeting
for the discussion of all questions of
State or National policy on which leg-
islation is asked by either the State or
National Grange; and to appoint active
caiivassers, to circulate the several peti-
tions for endorsers, through the entire
jurisdiction of the Grange.

SUBORDINATE GRANGES, AND GENERAL
RECOMMENDATIONS.

For my views upon the general work
which is needed to build up our Order
and make it stronger and more useful,
I refer you to the questions treated in
my communication to the National
Grange, under the heads of “ Subordi-
nate Granges,” “ Agricultural Depart-
ment and Governmental Aid to Agricul-
ture,” “Patent Rights,” “Transporta-
tion,” and in the concluding remarks,
which are herewith submitted.

The system of providing special lec-
turers by the State Grange, inaugurated
some years ago, has proved very suc-
cessful, putting men and women of
ability into the lecture field, and ex-
tending their usefulness beyond the
sphere of their local Granges. This
branch of our lecture service should be
more widely extended. The results of
the work of the State Lecturer among
the weak and dormant Granges, the
past year, has proved most satisfactory,
and should be continued. The series
of lectures delivered in this State by
Bro. Armstrong, Master of the New
York State Grange, were highly appre-
ciated by those who had the pleasure of
listening to them; and have resulted
in great good.

Our annual State re-union of Patrons,
held in this city, I am told,was agrand
success; and the address of Worthy
Master Bingham, of Ohio State Grange,
able and practical. The benefits which
must accrue from this interchange of
public lecturers by the State Granges
should not be lost sight of. From the
reports that have been made to me by
the State and the special lecturers, more
than two hundred and fifty Grange lec-
tures have been delivered in the State
during the year,exclusive of those deliv-
ered by the Lecturers of the County and
Subordinale Granges—one hundred and
five of which were delivered by the
State Lecturer. And yet our members
are not satisfied. They “hunger and
thirst” for information upon every-
thing which relates to the interests of
Agriculture and the work of our Or-
ganization. They must have more
Grange and Agricultural papers, more
lectures upon subjects relating to the

interests of farmers; and they must not
be disappointed.
CONCLUSION.

Vlfith this session my third term of
office expires, and as I have heretofore
intimated, cannot be a. candidate for re-
election. For six years I have devoted
most of my time and energies to the
work of the Order, and with what re-
sults, others must judge. I have en-
deavored to do my whole dut faithfully
and impartially, and havet e satisfac-
tion of knowing that I am not turning
over to my successor a dead, dying, or
bankrupt institution. I believe the Or-
der in this State to be in a healthy and
prosperous condition, and its future full
of encouragement.

In closing my official labors as Mas-
ter ot the State Grange, it seems but
proper that I should give a summary of
some of the results of our efforts as an
organization.

When we organized, manv of our
members were isolated, and -unsoclal,
each striving for himself, against the
superior slirewdness, tact and decep-
tions of those who live and grow rich
upon the labor of others. That isolation
has been to a great extent broken up,
and the families of farmers know and
visit each other. and meet for social
recreation and mutual improvement in
the family circles, the Subordinate
Granges and socials, grove meetings
and neighborhood pic nics, the “Har-
vest Feasts,” the County Grange,
County pic-nics and mass meetings; and
in the State Grange, and annual State
reunions. All are members of one great
brotherhood, bound together by ties of
fraternity. All are seeking each other’s
good, and each otlierls interests, all in-
spired by the same motives,striving for
the same objects and reaping the same
benefits.

Although the financial benefits ac-
cruing to farmers from the Grange are
among the least in importance, yet
they should not be overlooked,

We found that land plaster was being
sold for $4.00 per ton at the mills, and a
combination of all the maiiufacturers
and dealers prevented any reduction in
price, or arrangemciit. by which farmers
living at a distance from the mills
could deal directly with the manufac-
l7llI‘el‘.‘-., and thereby save the commis-
sion of agents. This state of affairs re-
sulted in the building of the Grange
Plaster iVIill, now owned and operated
by Bros. Day & Taylor. As the com-
binatiou was organized for a period of
five years, it is fair to assume that the
price of plaster would have been kept at
the combination price——S4.00 per ton—
up to this time, had not the Grange
mill have been built.

There has been sold during the last
five years by the Grand River Valley
companies, including the Grange mill,
about 194.000 ions. at a saving below
the combination price of $384,600, and
by other companies doing business in
the State about 50,000 tons additional,
making a saving in the aggregate to
the farmers of this State in five years on
plaster alone, of nearly $500,000.

In 1872, and before the organization

of the farmers in this State, Congress
reduced the tariff on wool, which so en-
couraged the importatlon of foreign
wools that the price went down from
60 to 25 cents per pound. By the united
action of the Order in this, and other
wool growing States, Congress was in-
duced to restore the tariff in 1874, and
the same influence has, without doubt,
on two occasions prevented the passage
of a bill for its subsequent i'eduction.
Hence, all that farmers have realized
above twenty-five cents a pound for
their wool since the restoration of the
tariff, can be set to the credit of our or-
ganization.
' The sliding gate suit, which was so
successfully defended in the United
States Court, through our organized in-
fluence, saved not less than half a mil-
lion doilars to the farmers of this State
for the royalty alone, which would have
been collected of every person who ever
used a sliding gate.

The numerous Grange co-operative
stores located in different portions of
the State, some of which are doing a re-
tail business of nearly $100,000 annually,
are saving largely to those who patron-
ize them. Add to all these,the increased
knowledge of business which farmers
have acquired through the influence of
the Grange,—enabling them to buy and
sell more judiciously, and the employ-
ment of bonded agents to sell farm
produce and fill orders for Patrons; and
some idea can be formed of the finan-
cial work and benefits resulting from
our organization.

Who can look over our beautiful State
and witness the improvements upon the
farms, improved system of farming, in-
creased roductiveness of the soil, and
beautifu homes, which have been made
within the last few years through the
direct influence of the Grange, and say
that it is an organization of no value to
the farmers? Who can witness the
change which has taken place in the
social and business habits of farmers,
their increasing want of agricultural
papers, and their growing inclination
to read, think, understand and act for
themselves in all business transactions,
and not admit that the Grange is doing
a noble work?

The Grange has accomplished much
in systematizing the labor of the farm
and the household, thereby lightening
the burden of labor, and making the
daily duties of life something more than
a routine. It is also cultivatingav love
for the beautiful, a. desire for knowledge
and increasing the educational ‘advanta-
ges for farmers’ children. By respecting

-—.—m_, ,. v_‘

in

 


  

TI-IE GRANGE VISITOR.

3,

themselves, farmers are being respected,
and the influence ofour Order upon the
politics of the country, is bringing farm-
ers tothe front, for ositions of honor
and trust. The wor goes bravely on.
but our ranks are not _as full as they
should be. Every person of good moral
character, of suitable age, who is en-

aged in agricultural pursuits, should
belong to the Grange. Then indeed
would our Order have a power for good
which would not only be acknowledged
but felt.

For what has been accomplished, I
claim but little of the honors to myself.
I have been but your servant, executing
the laws which you have made, and
performing the duties which you have

laced upon me. In my labors I have
been constantly and faithfully aided by
the wise counsel, and self-sacrificing
devotion to the Order, of the able Exec-
utive Committee, Secretary and Leo-
turer of the State Grange. Perfect har-
mony has ever pervaded our councils,
and the most friendly and fraternal re-
lations existed among us. And last,
but not least, I have been aided, encour-
aged and strengthened in my work, by
the cordial and fraternal greetings o
Patrons wherever I have been, and ex-
pressions of satisfaction and confidence
that I have heard on every hand.

In retiring from the Master’s ofl"1ce,I do
not wish it to be understood that I am
retiring from the work of the Order in
this State, or in any way severing that
friendship, and the fraternal ties which
have been formed with the thousands of
noble men and women all over the
State, who have upheld my hands and
cheered me on in my fraternal work. I
shall ever bear them in kind remem-
brance, and continue to labor with them
in building up our noble Order and ele-
vating our class.

If the Oflicers and Executive Com-
mittee of the State Grange have coun-
seled and directed wisely, you, Patrons
of Michigan, have acted nobly, and per-
formed well your part. _

This is as it should be, for this_Order
is yours, instituted for your beneiit,_ and
will be what you make it. The ofiicers
whom you elect, are your servants, and
instruments in your hands for accom-

plishing your purposes. ‘They can do
nothing without your aid; and I ask
you to give the same support and en-
couragement to my successor, and the
other officers of your choice, that you
have given to me; and that the work so
well begun, will be carried forward. to
grander results and more enduring
good. J. J. WOODMAN.

The Sand Blast.

Among the wonderful and useful in-
ventions of the times is the common
sand-blast. Suppose you desire a piece
of marble for a grave-stone. You cover
the stone with a sheet of wax no thick-
er than a wafer; then you out in the
wax the name, date, etc., leaving the
marble exposed. Now pass it under
the blast, and the sand will cut it away.
Remove the wax,and you have theraised
letters. Take a piece of French pla_te-
giass, say two feet by six, coverit with
fine lace, and pass it under the blast,

and not a thread of the lace will be in-'

jured, but the sand will cut deep into
the glass wherevei- it is not covered by
the lace. Now remove the lace, and
you have every delicate and beautiful
figure raised upon the glass. ‘In this
way beautiful figures of all kinds are
cut in glass at a small_expense. The
workmen can hold their hands under
the blast without harm, even when it
is rapidly cutting away the hardest
glass, iron, or stone,‘but they must
look out for finger nails, for they will
be whittled off right hastily. If they
put on steel thimbles to protect the
nails, it will do little good, for the sand
will soon whittle them away; but if
they wrap a piece of soft cotton around
them they are eafe. -You will at Once
see the philosophy of it. The sand
whittles away and destroys any hard
substance, even glass, but does not affect
substances that are soft and -yielding,
like wax, cotton, or fine lace, or even
the human hand.

 

A Good Recommendation.

“Sir,” said a lad coming down to one
of the wharves, and addressing a well
known merchant, “sir. h&Ve Y0“ any
berth for me on board your ship ? I Want
to earn something.”

“What can you do?” asked the gen-
tleman.

“I can try my best to do whatever I
am put to,” answered the boy,

“VVhat have you done :2’

“I have sawed and split all mother’s
wood for nigh two years.”

‘ ‘What have you not done?” asked the
gentleman, who was a queer sort of
questioner. .

“Well sir,” answered, the boy, after a
moment's pause, “I have not whispered
once in school fora whole year.”

“That’s enough,” said the gentleman;
“you may ship aboard this vessel, and
I hope to see you the master of her some
day. A boy who can master a wood pile
and can bridle his tongue, must be made
of good stuff.”

 

PLAN your work and work your
plans.

DB. LYMAN Bnncnaa said: “ If I
have ever accomplished anything, it
has been owing to the observance of
this rule, ‘When you have anything to
do, go right and do it.’ ”

f And fold my

Qlurm-panama.

3......

IF I SHOULD DIE T0-NIGHT.

MUSKEGON, Nov. 25, 1880.
Bro. J. T. Cobb .-

[Several years ago I had the follow-
ing poem recited during a lecture by
Rev. Brown, and ever since that time
I have tried to find it in print with the
author’s name, but I have failed to find
it as yet. Will you please give it a cor-
ner in the VISITOR, with a request that
any one knowing to whom to credit it
may respond accordingly through the
columns of said VISITOR.]

If I should die to-night,
My friends would look upon my quiet face,
Before they laid it in its resting place; -
And deem that death had left it almost fair,
And, laying snow-white flowers against my

hair
Would smboth it down with tearful tenderness,
hands with lingering caress; -
Poor hands, so limply and so cold to-night!

If I should die to-night,
My friends would call to mind, with loving
thought,

Some kindly dead the icy hands had wrought;
Some gentle word the frozen lips had said;
Errands on which the willing feet had sped;
The memory of my selfishness and pride,

My hasty words would all be put aside;
And I would be loved and mourned to-night.

If I should die to-night;
Even hearts estranged would turn once more

0 me,

Recalling other days remorsefully;

The eyes that chill me with averted glance,
Would look upon me as of yore; perchance,
And soften. in the old familiar way,

For whlo cpuld war with dumb, unconscious

C fly
So I might rest forgiven of all to-night.

0, friends, I pray to-night,

Keep not your kisses for my dead, cold brow;
The way is lonely, let me feel them now.
Think gently of me; I am travel worn;

My faltering feet are pierced with many a

thorn;

Forgive, oh hearts estranged, forgive, I plead!
When dreamless rest is mine I shall not need
The tenderness for which I long to-night.

Parkvllle Grange No. 22.

PARKVILLE, Dec. 1880.
Brother J. T. Cobb .-

Parkville Grange is still alive
and I think would be in a healthy con-
dition were it not for the fact that we
have no,hall. We are seriously consid-
ering the question of buildings hall,
and have taken some steps in that di-
rection,though_ we hardly feel able to do
so. If we build, it will be a. great satis-
faction to us to have a home of our own,
besides it will show to those outside
that we mean business.

Just now we are at a stand still. It
is too late to go on with the Work this
year. I shall do all that I can to keep
all things harmonious, and shall do my
best to make the enterprise succeed, for
I think the day is not far distant when
we shall be fully rewarded for all our
labors.

When our Grange was so dormant
and we had no hall for meeting, I did
all I could to revive the Grange, and
freely opened my house once in two
weeks for meetings.

I find that some one must be a shep-
herd and gather the sheep into the
sheep—fold and see that none are lost,and
“ if one go astray, shall not the shep-
herd leave the ninety and nine and go
out in search of the one that is lost? ”

With many members there is much
indifference-—a willingness to let the
whole thing take care of itself. Now
the Grange is just what the members
make it—good, or good for nothing.

We are few in number, but strong in
Grange principles, and are working to
promote the interests of the farmers as
best we can not exactly as one might
Wish for. Members with plenty of
stamps are what is wanted now to help
build a hall. We expect to build 24x54,
22 feet high, or a two story building
which will cost some five or six hun-
dred dollars. Still I have confidence
that the hall will be built within one
year from date, for as the saying is now-
a-days, our Grange is right on the hall
boom. I am quite sure the Grange has
done a great deal of good in educating
the farmers in the State, and I for one
should like to see every farmer within
the gates of the Order, for I think as
long as a majority are outside, the de-
sired end cannot be fully obtained.

Fraternally Yours,
DAVID HANDSHAW.

,tion of Purposes.

Pure Bred Merino Sheep.

HownLI., Dec. 7, 1880.

Worthy See. J. T. Cobb .-

Since the great political boom is over,
I thought it might interest the readers
of the Vrsrron to know what our
worthy Bro. E. W. Hardy is doing in
the line of breeding thoroughbred
American merino sheep in Livingston
County, Osceola township. Calling
there one day last week he took me
through his barns showing me first his
flock of one hundred and twenty-
five thoroughbred ewes] (all regi'stered),
which Imust say were the best I ever
saw ; average weight of fleece over thir-
teen pounds. Then his beautiful flock
of,_.eighty-eight lambs from his celebra-
ted stock ram Maxmillian No. 285, Ver-
mont Register. Then old Mack himself,
who is a model of beauty, especially
when we look at his stock—besides a
number of other very fine rams, also a
flock of fine ewes shipped there by oth-
er parties for breeding purposes from
Tuscola, Shiawassee, Ionia and Oak-
land Counties, besides many from our
own County. A few questions revealed
the fact that the sales from his flock
since and during the week of the State
Fair amount to over twenty-six hun-
dred dollars, besides large improve-
ments in his flock during the year.
Brother Farmers, one needs but to ex-
amine this flock to be convinced that it
pays to breed from full bloods. Very
many of us can double our clip by care-
fully breeding from the class of sheep he
is handling, andI would say to all in-
terested in sheep, give him a call,
guaranteeing that you will be cordially
received and entertained, and that you
will be satisfied that your time was well
employed. N. J. HOLT.

From Wright Grange.

» WALDRON, Dec. 6,_1880.
Bro. J. T. Cobb .- '

We have a little Grange away down

here in the south-east corner of Hills-
dale county, knownas Wright Grange.
Isolated from all other Granges, and
surrounded by the bitterest opposition,
we still keep our little ship afloat and
our sails unfurled. We take what I
call the welcome VISITOR, and the only
fault I find, is that it don’t come often
enough, and I'would say right here if
it was made a weekly paper, and con-
tained the market reports and more ag-
ricultural reading, no one would com-
plain at paying more for it. The course
it takes in regard to politics just suits
me, and in regard to this railroad busi-
ness, if you are not right in demanding
that the roads be subject to the control
of the government, then Stategovern-
ments have been poking their noses in-
to the afiairs of the people without any
right to do so, for a long time. If we
had fewer lawyers, bankers and rail-
road men in Congress and more men
who have a direct interest in transpor-
tation in their places, I think some
just laws might be enacted, and that
the rights of the people might be pro-
tected.

My humble prayer is that the dan-
gers towards which we seem to be
drifting may be averted by the intelli-
gent and independent action of the far-
mers of the country. A. A.

 

Coidwater Grange. No. 137.

Bro. J. T. Cobb.-

I see, in reading the last VISITOR,
that some of the brothers and sisters
want to hear how other Granges besides
their own are prospering. To all such
I would say thatColdwaterGrange,No.
137, is living a healthy. happy life, do-
ing its work with energy and pleasure.
We meet semi-monthly, and the eve-
nings are too short for what we have to
do. We have for entertainment and-
instruction, discussions, essays and mu-
sic. Last evening we held our seventh
annivesrary, and enjoyed a feast of
music, toasts and responses, history of
the Order, and reading of the Declara-
A large audience
listened, many outside the gates being
present and all declaring themselves

well paid for coming, although the
weather was very inclement. We now
havea class of ten to be initiated, and
agood prospect of many more before
the winter is over.

If this will help to encourage any
other Grange to work with greater dili-
gence, I shall be glad. Our Grange
succeeds because all work—we have no
drones or sluggards,—and we have
never had a case of grievance.

Fraternally,
EMILY A. HORTON, Sec’y.
Dec. 8, 1880. ‘

Favors a Weekly but Not a Change in
Price.

BUNKER HILL, Ingham Co., Mich.,
Dec. 7, 1880.

Bro. J. T.Cobb .-

A writer in a late number of our pa-
per advises a change in the VISITOR to
a weekly. That is only one voice, my
vote is another, but I say hundreds
are taking it who could not afford an
increase in price. Don’t deprive such
of a paper. If any are able to pay more
and want more such literature, let them
do as I do, take some other paper.

Fraternally yours,
E. H. ANGELL.

 

A Correction.

IONIA, Mich.. Dec. 7, 1880.
Bro. J. T. Cobb:

In the notice sent you of the meeting
of Ionia County Grange, for December,
to be held with Pewamo Grange, was
an error of the time. It should read,
the third Tuesday and Wednesday, the
21st and 22d, instead of the 15th and 16th .
Please make correction in the VISITOR
and oblige. Fraternally,

J. L. Fownn.

 

Lansing Co-Operative Association.

NORTH LANSING, Dec. 7, 1880.
Bro. Cobb .- .

It may be of interest to some of the
readers of the VISITOR to know that the
Lansing Co-Operative Association is
still in good running order and, accord-
ing to the report of the auditors from
April 1st to Oct. 18, 1880, with a paid up
capital of $1,670.20; sold $14,134 in goods,
being an average daily sale of $81.22;
leaving a surplus of $354.16 net profit,
after paying interest on capital and all
other expenses. C. GOODNOE,

Manager.

 

Notice of Meetings.

The annual meeting of Berrien Coun-
ty Pomona Grange, No. 1, for the elec-
tion ofofflcers, will be held at Berrien
Center Grange Hall, on Tuesday, Jan.
11, 1881, at 10 o’clock A. M. All Fifth
Degree members are expected to be pres-
ent; and all Fourth Degree members are
cordiaily invited to attend the session.
A well ordered program will be pre-
pared. CHAS. HOGUE, Secy.

Sodus, Dec. 4, 1880.

The Cass Countv Pomona Grange
will hold their next quarterly meeting
at Cassopolis, Jan. 12, at 10 o’clock A. M.

PROGRAM.
1. — Opening. _
2. —— Reports from Subordinate
Granges. '

3. — Adjourn for dinner.
2 o’cLocK P. M.
1.—Election of pficers for ensuing

ye;-—.-Address by Worthy Master Thom-
as Odell, of Porter.
3.—Address by Worthy Lecturer,

John Barber, of Ontwa .
4.—Essay by Mrs. Gaylord Cory, of
Silver Creek. “VVhat is Woman? ”
7 O’CLOCK P. M.—PUBLIC SESSION.
1.—Installation of oflicers for ensuing

ear.
y 2.-—Essay by Mrs. L. B. Pattison, of
Pokagon, “ Hired Help.” _ .
3.——Address by Mr.Gilbert Conklin,of
Silver Creek, “Why I am aGranger."
4.—Essay by Mrs. Flora T. Moore,
of Pokagon, “Amusements.”
All are cordially invited.

The annual meeting of the Clinton
County Pomona Grange will be held
at the Bengal Grange Hall, on Wed-
nesday, Dec. 29. The election of oflicers
for the coming year, and other impor-
tant business, will come before the meet-

ing. The following program will also
be observed. a

Opening address by A. Dickinson ;
Paper by O.G. Pennell, subject, Grange
Principles; Paper by Myron Brown,sub-
ject. Progress.

It is hoped and expected that essays
previously noticed, that have not been
read, will be presented at this meeting.

FRANK Conn, Secretary.

The next annual meeting of the Liv-
ingston Council will be held at_ Howell
Grange Hall, on Tuesday, February 1,
at 10 o'clock A. M. All Patrons are cor-
dially invited. N. J. HOLT,

Sec Liv. Co. Council P. of H.

The Farm Home.

If the Almighty found Sodom and
Gomorrah so incorrigible that he could
do nothing else than wipe them out of
existence, we cannot see what saves the
overwhelming rascality of the present
day. In all our large cities and towns
nothing comes to the consumer’s table
which is not apt to be adulterated, ex-
cept oatmeal, which thus far appears
to have escaped, but exactly why we do
not know. Butter, cheese, flour. coffee,
tea, syrups, sugar, pepper, spices, vine-
gar, and even tomato catsup are adul-
terated. The legitmate result is that
the consumption of many articles is
wholly dispensed with, and of others
only partially up to what they ought to
be. A gentleman sitting by our side .-it
a hotel dinner table today said, “I
have quit eating butter; I can do with-
out it, and I do not intend to run the
risk of eating the fat of diseased ani-
mals.” This sustains our frequently
stated position that the sale of these
a(lulterations must eventually injure
genuine articles in every conceivable
way. .

But our principal object at this time
was to note the fortunate position of the
farmer and his family, as compared
with those who are compelled to receive
their food from a set of villainous mid-
dlemen and manufacturers. We do
not, of course, mean jto allege that all
middlemen and manufacturers are or‘
this character, but when a man high
in position, deliberately says—as one
wholesale grocer in Chicago does——that
a merchant is a merchant, and that he
will sell anything that will sell, even
if it be half poison, one scarcely
knows where to draw the line between
honesty and dishonesty in commercial
circles. People cannot eat poison with-'
out injiiry; they cannot consume sul-
phuric acid on their buckwheat cakes
and in their tea and coffee without det-
riment to health; they cannot devour
rotten fat and preserved'ti'achinae in
the shape of butter, and escape disease
more or less fatal. From all these dan-
gers the farmer is safe, except so far as
he is compelled to meet them in his
sugars and syrups. VVhen he sits
down at his table, he knows that his
milk is pure, that his butter is pure,
that his flour is pure, and that his
vinegar is pure. He ca eat his food
without being haunted with the fear
that he may be poisoned to death be-
fore another meal time shall arrive.

All this shows to our young friends
especially, that the city and village are
not the best places for men and women
to spend their lives. It is not pleasant
to think you are not only being swin-
died when you buy, but that there is a
conspiracy to poison you to death. The
life ofthe Czar of Russia, surrounded by
those who only wait for an opportunity
to sweeten his tea with arsenic, or blow
him into kingdom-come with a charge
of nitro-glycerine, is scarcely more em-
barrassing than that of a people whose
health and life are plotted against by an
army of glucose- and lard- and tallow-
butter swindlers. The man or woman
in the city who does not wish every
time a meal is partaken of that it could
be eaten fromja table in some neat farm
house dining room, does not realize the
danger, or else is so injuriously egotis-
tical that they imagine they can detect
the adulterations.

In one of the principal sources of
health, our food, therefore the farmer
has the advantage; and there are few
comforts in the city which he cannot
enjoy.—E’2:change.

 

JONES gave a lawyer a bill to be col-
lected to the amount of $30. Calling
for it, after a while he inquired if it had
been collected, “ Oh, yes,” said the
lawyer, “ I have it all for you.” “ What
charge for collection ?” “Oh,” said the
lawyer, laughing, “I’m' not going to
charge you——why, I have known you
since you were a baby, and your father
before you; $20 wil be about right,”
handing over $10. “Well,” said Jones,
as he meditated upon the transacinon,
“ it's darned lucky that he didn’t know
my grandfather, or I shouldn’t have

got anything.”

 

THE future of society is in the hands
of the mothers.—De Beaufort.

 

THE reason why some men get along
so slowly in this world is, because they
spend two thirds of their time talking
about what they are going to do, and
during the other third they have to

sleep.

 


 

   

4

THE

GRAN G-E VIITOR.

THE ,GRANGE Visrron.

SCHOOLCRAFT. DEC. 15, 1880.

Smctaryt gcpartmeut.

J. '1'. COBB, - - - - SCHOOLCRAFT.

Oficers and members of Subordinate Grange:
In wu , n" U with this office, will please
flwnys give the Number of their Grange.

SECRETARIES’ nnponrs — AND
BLANKS.

We are receiving calls from
Secretaries for quarterly report
blanks. We like to see officers
looking after their business. All
do not do so as promptly as they
should. But it is too soon to be
getting anxious about blanks.
Some Secretaries report a few
weeks before the close of the
quarter, forgetful of what we long
ago told them, that it is not a good
plan to cross a bridge till you get
to it. A Secretary that reports, a
month in advance. what the mem-
bership of a Grange will be at the
close of a quarter, has a dead
Grange to look after. or else has
not taken suflicient interest in the
Order to learn his duties very
Well.

All Secretaries will be supplied
with the necessary blanks before
the close of the quarter ending
Dec. 31st.

One thing is not as well under-
stood as it ought to be. It is the
duty of the Secretary to make a
report the first week in January.
Some suppose that their succes-
sors, elected in December, but not
yet installed, and therefore not yet.
Secretary, should make thislast
report of the year. But this is a
mistake, and as it is one often
committed, we call attention to
it. We hope every Secretary will
promptly make report for the cur-
rent quarter between the 1st and
10th of Janpary, to the Secretary
of the State Grange, and attend to
the business which they have un-
dertaken for the Order in a prompt
and business-like manner. Don't
leave for others what belongs to
you to do, and don’t forget or neg-
lect to report at once the names
and post_‘oi:lice address of the Mas-
ter and Secretary-elect for 1881.

We don‘t want a list of all the
oflicers, but should have within a
week after the election the ad-
dress ot' the Naster and Secretary.

Bao. WM.  VANDYKE, of Olive
Grange, No. 33S, in Clinton Co.,
writes us an encouraging letter,
representing the Order in thatjur-
isdiction as in good condition.
New members are coming within
the gates; the Grange meets every
week, and its social features at-
tract and instruct the good people
of the neighborhood.

The P01110113’ Grange of the
County is represented asiii a flour-
ishing condition, aiid contributing
ofits influence to the maintenance
of the Subordinate Granges of the
County. _

The brother is not quite satisfied
with the cheap look of the regalia
of the fourth degree members,
attending a session of the Pomona
Grange, when the regalia of the

oflicers presents such a striking
contrast.

 ---- -~ ~

We sympathize with him a little
in this matter, so much of the sash
regalia of Subordinate Granges 
in a sort of big-colored-string con-
dition.

RAILWAY PASS ES.

Nothing is more clear to our
mind than this—that in the near
future the people of this country
will demand of their representa-
tives such legislation as will fur-
nish some protection from the ra-
pacity and greed of transportation
corporations. If legislators were
solicitoiis for the public good, and
casting about to see how in the
exercise of lll(l1‘ official power they
could provide for and protect the
interests of the people, we might
expect that corporations would
soon be required by legislative
enactments to abandon the pirat-
ical theory and practice of exact-
ing from the producers all their
products will bear. But so long 
attorneys are everywhere retained
and legislators accept free trans-
portation we shall look in vain for
any voluntary move on the" part of
our legislators to provide salutary
restraints upon these ‘corporations
that have boldly seized upon and
appropriated the inherent rights of
States. '

The people believe that accept-
ing a pass from a railroad company
imposes some sort ofan obligation
upon the recipient. They see that
railroad corpora.tioiis seem intent
in a business way on taking care
of themselves, and Me people
therefore assume that passes are
not issued by railroad companies
Without the expectation of some
return in some way from the re-
ceiving party. What class of citi
zeiis are supplied with this sort of
cheap traiisportatioii? Mainly leg-
islators,judicial oflicers and law-
yers. We do not happen to know
any farmers who, as such, have
ever been offered a railroad pass,
however eminent they may have
become in their profession, and
however much the products of
their farms furnished business for
the roads.

But lawyers of every grade from
first to fourth class, often travel
wherever business or pleasure
or business calls on a pass. Legis-
lators fritter away the time for
which they are paid with the mon-
ey of the people, in going too and
from their homes to the capitol.

But this usage is so well estab-
lished that it will not be surrend-
ered until we refuse to vote for
any man who does not take open
ground against this
practice.

Of legislators, judicial officers,
and others who are fiiriiislied with
passes, it is suliicieiit to say that
railroad managements expect in
some way to make these things
pay. ’

Farmers of Michigan shall your
paid servants, for a paltry fare over
a railroad for a few miles, forestall
such independent action as you
have a right to expect. yes more,
a right to deinanal of those to
whom you have committed all
those material interests that de-
pend on such wise and just laws
as shall guarantee protection to
the weak, and give confidence and
security lll the capital invested in
the production of-- food for r-

corru ptiiig

selves and the people of our own
and other lands.

VVe insist that so long as the
State and National legislators of
the country. its judicial ofiicers
and an army of law_vers. with a
sprinkliiig of editors. travel for
business or pleasure on railroad
passes. that favor-itisiii, capricious
and exorbitant rates, under the
recognized rule ofchargiiig “ what
it will liear," will continue to work
great injury to every agricultural
interest, put in jeopardy the peace
and prosperity of the country and
corrupt its business interests.

REPRESENTATIVES ‘ 'ro"s'r.\' E
GRANGE—ElGH'l'l-I SE§SION~—
AS FAR as REPORTED.

 

ALi.isoAN—S P. Albertson. Watson, . . . . . ..l.'i4
M. V. B McAlpii.ie, Monterey,. .247
L. 0. Gilbert, Moline, . . . . . . . . . .248

BAl'tRY—— E. B. Warner. Baltimore. . . . . . _ _-172

J. J. Hendershott, Irving, . . . . . . 55

Bi:nRiic.\'—-E. Nickerson, Benton Harbor . . . . . .

Sam’l Mars, Stevensville, . . . . . .. 84

John Clark, Pipestone . . . . . . . . . . .

BRANCI-i— D. A. Thompson, Gilead, . . . . . . . .400
G. VV. Vanackeii, Coldwater,. . .137
CASS—-. .. Thos. Odel, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .427

CALEOUN——A. F. Johnson, Battle Creek... .. 130
John Hough, White's Station. . .292
CLIN'roN—- Courtland Hill, Bengal. . . . . . . . . . . .
Nathan Ellis, St. Johns. . . . . . . . . . . .
Robt Hamilton. Wacousta, . . . . . 370
DETROIT AND BAY CITY——JDl‘ms0u Vanhousen
Couneil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 

EAT().\'——— Aaron Bark. . . . . . . . . . . . .260

S. L. Bentley . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .360
(;,Em;sm.;_ Jag Glass, Flushing, . . . . . . . . . . . .387
HILLSDAI.E—L. Ranney, Allen. - - - . . . . . . . .. 77

Isaac H. Gibbs, \Valdron, . . . . . . ‘.785
Christian'Fink, Cambria Mills, . _78
GRATIOT— Alonzo W. Noddin, Lafayette. . .029

      

    
 
 

  

Il\‘GHAn[—- D. V. Smith, Okemos, . . . . .. ....23-5
W. A. Higdon. Leslie, . . . . . . . . . '87
IONIA— Henry J. Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .:
J. Warren Peake, Portland, . . . . 180
A. S. Stannard, Lowell, . . . . . . ..l75
JACKSON—- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., ..... . .
KALAMAzo0~ . . Fellows, Schoolcratt,. . . 8
A. B. Judson, Vickshurg,. . . . . 61
Knivrw G. H. Cahoun. Lowell,.
J. L. Wells, Fishers, . . . . . . . -
J onathaii Best, Grand Rapids. . .
Geo. D. Wood, Grattan, . . . . . . . .
E. C. Whitney, Rockford.. .
LAPEI-:n— Elijah Bartlett, Dryden, . . . . . . . . .396
LENAWEE-M. E. Elmore, Kelley's Corners.-438
Martin Odell, Jasper, . . . . . . . . . . .278

 

LrvINGsroN— J. S. Briggs, _Fowlerville,.
MACOMB— J. J. Snook, Mt. Vernon, . . . . .

   

MANIs'ri:i~:—Geo. B. Pierce, Pleasanton,. 557
MU5KEGON—D. N. Hanson, Ca.snovia.,... ..3l6
MoNrcAi.iu—Chas. R. Dickerson, Carson City. :
Ni:-:wAYoo—H. W. Noble., Denver. . . . . . . . . .49-:>

 
  

0AxLAND—E. C. Newman. Milford..
E. J. Harris, CIarkston..
W. E. Carpenter, Pontiac . . . . . . .

OTTAWA-—H. D. Weatherwax. Georgetown . . . .

Sr. J osnrn—Gutslius Snyder, Three Rivers 178
Daniel Heinbaugh, Burr Oak . .3

SIIrAwAssEn—-A. B. Clark, Moi-rice... .

ST. CLAIH.—E. G. Manuel, Pt.'Huron,. . . .

SAoINAw—R. A. Willson, Chesaning,. . .

TUscoLA— Hiram R. Perry, Ellington.. .

VAN Bniznx -—E. Warner. Lawton, . . . .
J. D. Robinson . . . . . . . . . .
D. W. Sins, McDonald, . . . . . .

WASIITI-:NAw—Albcrt Day, Rawsonville, . . .
H. Baldwin, Chelsea, . . . . . . . . . . .239

Fuzsr Disrnicr.
BAY AND hIIni.AND- Jas. Filkei-. Auburn,. .635
SECOND DISTRICT.

GRAND TRAVERSE, Wnxroim, AND ANTRIM—

S. A. Gardner. Traverse City,. .624
THIRD Disrnrcr.

Li-;ELANAw AND BE1\'Z1:E—~AddiS0n I’. Wheelock,

Alniira, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .375
Founrn DISTRICT.
OCEANA AND MAsoN—Wm. F. Lewis, New Era.
FIFTH DISTRICT.

Moimor: AND WAYNE—N. T. Bradner, Red-

ford, 367
SIXTH DISTRICT.
Mncosra AND 0scnoLA—J. V. Armstrong,.5_17
SEVENTH Disrincr.
HURON AND‘SANII.Ao— Richard F. Welwood

  
  
  
  
  
 

.
Mariette, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 641
REPRESENTATIVES FROM i>oxoNA GRANGES.
BEANC]-.{—A. J. Wamer,. . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
BEBBIEN-—Freema.n Franklin... . . . . . . . . . 1

CALHoUN——S. E. Woodw-oi-th, Battle Creek, 3

Cr.IN'roN—John M. Dewitt, So. Riley, . . . . . 25

Dnrnoir AND BAY CITY COUNCIL — Johnson
Vanlriansen.

    
 

EA'roN—Wni. C. Howell, Roxand, . . . . . . . . . ‘ZS
H1LLsDALr.—R. W. Freeman, . . . . . . . 10
INGHAM—A. A. King. Dansville,... 14
IoNIA—A. G. Gibbs. Portland, . . . . . .. . 16
KALAMAZO0—E. A. Strong, Vicksburg . '27
KENT—-John Porter. Gr. Rapids, . . . . . . . . 12}
LENAwr:E—Greo. B. Horton, Weston. . . . . . . . la

 

LA.Pr.r.n—VV. A. Montgomery, Burnside,
MANISTEE—L. D. Shirtliff, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
MONTCALM—J. P. Shoemaker, Anisden,. ..
Nnwavoo -—A. Terwilliger, . . . . . . . . . . .
OAKLAND —G..M. Shattuck. Ponti-ac,. .
OCEANA-Wm H. Barry, Shelby,. . . . .
Sr. CLAIB—'M. F. Carleton, Port Huron, . . . .
Sr. JosEPH—C. Y. Bunyan. White Pigeon,.. 4
TUSCOLA—A. N. Hatch, Ellington, . . . . . . . . . 30
TRAVERBE—J. G. Ramsdall, Tr‘!-V. City. . . . .
VAN BUnnN—A C. Glidden, Paw Paw,...
VALLEY-—Jabez Padley, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
WASHTENAW—H. D. Platt, Ypsilant .
WAYNE-Jabez H. Padley. - . . . .. . . 
lvnsrnnx Poiuo.\'A—Thos. Wilde, Ber

 

 

THE building in Detroit for the man-
ufacture of glucose—or grape sugar as
it is as commonly called—has been com-
pleted, and work will begin therein
next week, Glucose is made from corn
and is largely used in confectionery,
brewing. syrup, etc. The syrup on_
your buckwheat cakes this winter will

e largely made from corn. The Detroit
factory will use about 3,000 bushels of
corn daily.

And this bogus syrup will be

sold by your grocer as pure goods.
It is high time that the farmers of
this country’ turn their attention
to sugar-making, from corn, cane
or beets, and supplant these iiiter—
mediate frauds that are making
money that may legitimately come
to the pockets of the farmer. And
besides, it would be some satisfac-
tion iiot only to know what we
are eating, but to know that it is
what we bought it for.

AN AGRICULTURAL CABIN ET
0["l<'l(.‘ER.

\Ve clip from the Goldwater [Be-
publican the article found below.

We have heretofore made coiii-
plaint that the County press,
”1011gl1 Slllrouiidetl by agricultural
interests, seldom takes ground in
favor of any definite legislation
for the promotion oi" tlio.-e inter-
est:-:.

The County pres-. as a rule. is
blindly partizaii, and subservient
to the demands of politicians, with
little or no regard to the great iii-
terests of the County. except in so
far as they become distinctive
party measures.

We are pleased to see this en
dorsment of the Grange move-
meiit, and welcome these auxili-

ary aids to agricultural advanc-

merit.

We expect to live to see the day
when the Commissioner of Agri-
culture will be a Cabinet otficer,
and take equal rank with the other
Departments of the Government.

The Republican has frequently urged
the propriety of raising the Department
of Agriculture to a Cabinet position. It
Would be I10 more than what France
has done. as she has her Minister of Ag-
,I‘l0llltll!'e- This proposition hggs. how-
"ever. been ridiculed and opposed by
Some of the more important city pa-
pers; but the New York Nation, one of
the ablest political journalsin the coun-
try. in a careful editorial in its issue for
NOV. 25, urges this subject upon the at-
tention of Cohgress. It says that half
the population is engaged in the pro-
duction of food, and cotton and wool for
clothing; the farm furnishes more than
50 per cent. of the raw material for all
our manufactures, and the greater por-
tion of the business of railroads and
water transportation. Our total exports
were, for the fiscal year of 1879-80,$823,-
946,353, and of this amount $529,944,779
represent the products of agriculture.
Add to this the value of the raw mate-
rials in flour, provisions, timber, etc.,
and farm products used in other man-
ufactured articles, and we have " the
magnificent total of $654,141,487 as the
proportion of our exports to be credited
to agriculture, against $169,804,866 to
manufactures, mines (except gold and
silver), and fisheries.” The creation of
a distinct Department of Agriculture
would be less a species of class legisla-
tion than the system of foreign consul-
ates, which is chiefly of value to coni-
merce. Besides, “ manufactures," the
Nation says, " which employ but one-
third as many of our people as does ag-
riculture, are nurtured by our Govern-
ment more than in the mostpaternal of
other Governments, by a gigantic sys-
tem of protective tariffs and by our pat-
ent laws. In fact, the Departments of
the Treasury and the Interior are, for
the most part, occupied with the inter-
ests of commerce and manufactures.”
The protection which agriculture needs
is protection from a scourge of animal
diseases, from the spread of contagious
diseases, from insect hord»es—“ forces
quite as harmful,” the Nation says, “to
our industries as ‘foreign pauper labor’
or ‘ Chinese cheap labor.’ ” Further it
says:

“Agriculture requires in foreign con-
suls men of sutficient ability to exam-
ine and report upon systems and meth-
ods of cultivation, as well as upon cur-
rent crops and crop prospects; a coast
survey in a form of a comprehensive
system of experimental stations, as in
France, Germany, Austria, Russia and
Italy, for the testing of new plants and
methods, and for other scientific re-
search ; a signal service which shall do
for the farmer what is now done for
commerce; and internal improvements
looking to the saving of fertilizing ma-
terial now wasted in city sewers ; to the
reclamation of the deserts and s wamps
of the West and South, and the protec-
tion of rich river bottoms from over-
flow.”

If you examine this program, it will
be seen that it contains a vast system‘
of scientific machinery which would
harness to the car of Agriculture the
ripest scientific scholars of the day. It

calls not for a mere farm laborer, -but
for the most richly gifted intellect and
the highest skill in manipulation—such
scholars in agriculture as ourbest scien-
tific schools ought to produc<.-to which
should be super-added the skill of ex-
perience. A department . properly
manned and‘ uipped for such a task
will demand a arge outlay. Ever since
its organization in 1862, the present De-
partment, as the Nation says, has been
and “is struggling hard against des-
tructively small appropriations and
consequent inca acity in a fleld of vast:
necessities.” T is journal then says:

A full department should comprise
not only the present so-called Depart-
ment of Agriculture, but also the land
011106. care of the public forests, and
the geological survey. Its existing
statistical, chemical, veterinary, en-
tc_-inological, botanical, and forestery
divisions should be enlarged, and or-
ganized on a substantial basis, and such
means provided for their work and
maintenance as would tempt scientists
of ability and influence to seek their
direction. A veterinary division is de-
manded, of such scope as to includein-
spection at all important trade centers
and ports of shipment, and with power
to stamp out cattle plagues.

Perhaps it is almost too much to ex-
pect such a vast department that shall
attract the best science and skill of the
country; but, as the Nation says, “the
lll'St step—the elevation of the depart-
ment to i'ull rank, should be taken im-
iiie-drutely; this is a duty which both
political_ parties owe to the country,
and wliicti should be fulfilled for the
commoii good, without reference to
party glory." '

7W.e l,lz\Vt“g_lVel] a full outline of the
Aation .1 edititorial. It evidently was
written by some gentleman who had
given the subject much thoughtful con-
5ldemU0l1. and appearing in a paper
tlia ‘has heretofore not given much at-
tention_to the proposition, it shows
conclusively that the idea is growingin
the minds of the able-st political econo-
mists in our country. The whole arti-
cle deserves the careful reading of every
member of the committees on agricul-
ture,in’bo_th houses of Congress, Could
we copy from France, as we ought, we
would establish three new cabinet
ofIlcers—a minister of education, a
most important essential in securing
our National unity upon a broader and
firmer basis; a minister of commerce,
to have charge of our foreign and
domestic commerce, railroad and water
tyansportation; and a minister of ag-
riculture. And, as the Nation suggests.
the latter should be looked after imme-
diately.

The Dog Tax.

1’i..\iNwi:i.L, Nov. 8, 1850.
Editor Grange Visitor:
Below you will find a statement of
the amount of tax on the dogs of Gun
Plain township for two years:

For 1878. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. $137 00
“ 1879. . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 120 {:0

Total for the two yeurs,_ . , _ s25: 00

In the year 1878 the amount left after
paying thejusticeand recording of cer-
tificates was $57.58.

In the year 1879 the amount left after
paying the iiecessary expenses. as
above, was $12.25.

The amount of claims for sheep killed
.inlS78was..... 
Claimed for I879. . .

$142 04)
197 00

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  00

     

I wish you would present this to the
State Grange, and invite some action.
If we have at law that practically pro-
vides business for a few idlers, at the
expense of the tax payers, it is high
time the tax-payers knew it. V\’e either
want less legislation, or else some law
that has some practical sense in it.

\Vhich shall it be 1’

Yours fraternally,
A. J. Evsox.

Notice of Meetings.

MAitii.i.A, Dec.8, 18.50.
Bro. J. T. Cobb :

The next annual meeting of the Man-
istee District Pomona Grange will. be
held in Sherman, Wexford C0,, com-
mencing at 2 o'clock P. M., on the first
Tuesday in January, 1881. We hope
that all otficers will bring their Rituals
—or send them, if they cannot them-
selves be present,~—as that is the annual
meeting for the election of oflicers. As
ever, all fourth-degree members are
cordially invited to attend.

MRS. JENNIE A. POPE, Sec.

GALESBURG, Dec. 10, 1880.
J. T. Cobb.-

Owing to there being so few in at-
tendance at the County Grange meet-
ing, held Dec. 2. it was deemed best to
defer the election of oflicers till Thurs-
day, Dec. 23, at which time a meeting
will be held at Arcadia Grange hall, in
Kalamazoo, for the purpose of electing
the officers of Kalamazoo Pomona
Grange for the ensuing year.

.— v . . - Fraternally,
Z. C.‘DURKEE, Sec.


 

THE GRANGE VISITOR.’

5

Proceedings of’ the Michigan State
Grange—First Day.

HOUSE or Rsrnsssxrarxvas, l_
Laxsnvo, Dec. 14, 1330-5

At ten A. M., the gavel of Worthy
Master J. J. VVoodman called the
Voting members and their visiting
friends to order. A few brief re-
marks followed by a song from the
choir, a prayer by the Worthy Chap-
lain of the State Grange, was followed
by roll call of officers. On motion,
the VVorthy Master appointed a Com-
mittee on Credentials. As State
Lecturer Whitney knows everybody,
and almost everything, he was made
chairman, and aided by three brothers
and as many sisters, proceeded at
once to work. After an interval of
an hour, which was improved at our
desk bytaking the names of subscribers
to the Visrron, the Committee made
a report, which showed a very full at-
tendance from the voting members,
and a much larger representation from
Pomona Granges answered to call of
Counties than have before.

Soon after the report of the Com-
mittee, a recess was taken until half-
past two, to give time for the appoint-
ing of committees. The number of
voting members, all of whom are
placed on committees, is so large that
we give only the chairmen. -

A slight innovation, it will be ob-
served, has been made on former
usage. Two important committees
have sisters for Chairmen. We look
for some able reports from these
Committees.

The outlook for an important ses-
sion was never better. Each train
brings additional members, and the
town will to-night be crowed to over-
flowing.

5 P. u.—The work of making up
the committees has just been com-
pleted. VVhile the \Vorthy Master,
assisted by the Executive Committee,
were engaged in this work, with Bro.
Moore, the Worthy Overseer, in the
Chair, the members, under the head
of Good of the Order, were improving
the time.

6 P. M.—The afternoon session has
closed. The Master’s address will be
delivered this evening, and reports of
State Officers and the Executive Com-
mittee will probably be made,'prepar-
story for the work of the session.

CHAIRMEN or S’1‘.\i\'DI1\'G COMMITTEES.

1. On Credentials—C. L. Whitney.
2. On Division of Labor——O. H. Fel-
lows.

3. On Finauce——Johu Porter.

4. On Good of the Order—Geo. B.
Horton, of Lenawee.

5. On Resolutions—A. S. Staunard,
of Ionia.

' 6. On Co-Operation ‘— Freeman
Franklin, of Berrien.

7. On Transportation——H. D. Plutt.
of Washtenaw.

S. On'By-Laws of State Grange—S.
A. Gardner, of Grand Traverse.

9. On Instructions to Representatives
to National (:}range—J. P. Shoemaker,
ofMont Balm.

10. On Publicaf.ions—A. J. Gibbs of
Ionia.

11. On Pomona Granges and their
Bv-Laws—S. L. Bentley, of Eaton.

12. On Claims and Grievances—
Courtland Hill, of Clinton.

13 On Educatiou—Sister N. T. Brad-
ner. Wayne.

14. On Mileage and Per Diem—G.W.
Van Auken, of Branch.

15. By-Laws of Subordinate Granges
—G. M. Shattuck, ofloakland.

16. On Constitutional Amendments
—\V. F. Lewis,of'Oceana.

17. On Agricultural Departme:1t—A.
C. Glidden, of Van Buren.

18. On Dormant Granges—G. Sny-
der. of St. Joseph.

19. On Patent Rights—-J. G. Rams-
dell, Grand Traverse.

ONE thousand shingles, laid four
iuches to the weather will cover one
hundred square feet of surface, and five
pounds of shingle nails will fasten them
on.

ONE-FIFTH more siding and flooring
is needed than the number of square feet
of surface to be covered, because of the
lap in the siding and the matching of
the floor.

l.’LAx your work and work your plan.

BAILWAYS AS HIGHWAYS.

We find in the New York Times
of Dec. 2d, a letter from ex Judge
Black, to the Chamber of Com-
merce, which takes such strong
ground in behalf of the people
on the great question of the legal
rights of corporations in railways,
that we give it entire. We hope
this letter will be read in open
Grange by the Lecturer of" every
Grange in the State.

Those who do not fake the V131-
TOR, should have it, and those who
do and have read it, cannot be
better employed than in hearing
it again. With the people educa-
ted upon this subject and assum-
ing an independent attitude, the
politicians will suddenly discover
that it is the grand question of’ the
day. Until such time it will be
ignored by politicians, political
parties and legislative bodies.
This letter appears at an oppor-
tune time, and will be spread
broadcast over the land.

Yonk. Pa., Nov. 16, 1880.
Commitlee on Railroad Transportation
of the N. Y. Chamber of Commerce.-

G1-.‘NTLEMEN:—1’Ou propose a move-
ment in favor of some legal regulation
which will compel railway companies
to perform their duties to the public
on proper terms. I will answer your
questions as directly as possible, but
without observing the order in which
you put them. You desire above all
things to be just. The legally vested
rights of railway companies, like other
rights of property, are sacred, and no
violation of them comes within the
scope of your design. But on this
question railroad men misunderstand
their situation. They believe, or pre-
tend to believe, that railways are the
property of the companies authorized
to run them, which is a cardinal error
and the parent of much false argu-
ment. A public highway cannot be
private property, and a railroad laid
out and built by the authority of the
State for the purpose of‘ commerce is
as much a public highway as a turn-
pike road, canal, or navigable river.

It is the duty of the State to pro-
mote intercourse and trade, by mak-
ing highways of the best sort through
her territory. To this end she may
take land and materials, which is an
exercise of‘ the power of eminent do-
main. She can build a railway at her
own expense, using the direct agency
of her own officers, and after it is built
she can make it free to all comers, or
.reimburse the cost. by special tax on
individuals who have occasion to use
it. She can delegate the taking and
the taxing powers to a corporation or
a natural person, and that is what she
always does when she grants a rail-
road charter. But in either or any
case the road belongs to the State, and
all the people have a right to use it
upon compliance with the necessary
regulations and payment of the prop-
er tax. The corporations who have
got into the habit of calling themselves
the owners of the railroads have no
proprietary right, title, or claim to
the roads themselves, but a mere fran-
chise annexed to and exercisable
thereon. They are the agents of the
State for the performance of‘ a public
duty. If the franchise be forfeited or
surrendered, or if it expire by efllux
of time, the State takes possession of
the road and runs it herself, or em-
ploys a new agent. The company
cannot keep the road, any more than
the outgoing collector of a port. can
appropriate to himself the custom-
house where he did his official work.

The State, having need of a public
highway at a particular place, makes a
contract with a corporation to open
and put it in condition to be used;
and by way of reimbursing the build-
ers and operators, she authorizes a
tax upon those who travel or carry
merchandise over it. But this tax
must be reasonable, just, uniform, pre-
scribed and fixed, so that every citi-
zen may know beforehand exactly
how much he must pay, and so that
when he pays or tenders the proper
amount, he will acquire an absolute
and perfect right to the use of the road.
The amount of the tax, toll or freight in
any case is nota subject of bargain
between the shipper and the corpora-
tion, but a thing to be settled, fixed,
and prescribed by public authority.
If the company may charge what it
pleases then the road is not a public
highway, the public has no rights in
it at all, and the charter which auth-
orizes-the taking of land to build it is
unconstitutional and void. These

principles were stated by Judge
Baldwin in Bonaparte against the
Camden and Amboy Railroad Com-
pany. (.1 Bald. Rep., 252.) Ion
will find a more extended discussion
of them by the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania, in Casey against the
Erie and North-east Railroad Compa-
ny. (2 Casey’s Rep., 287). I do not
think they are opposed by any high
authority, but no doubt they have of-
ten been overlooked in judicial decis-
ions and forensic arguments. The
railroads being public property, in
which all the people have equal rights
and the companies that run them be-
ing public agents, it is absurd to say
that the State has no right to regu-
late and control them in the perform-
ance of their functions by such laws as
will prevent partinlity, plunder and
extortion. This is a power of which
no free State can disarm itself by any
act of its judicial, legislative or exec-
utive oflicers. They could as lawful-
ly sell the State out and out and de-
liver up the entire population to sack
and pillage. But are not the franchis-
es property in which the company
hasa vested right? Yesl The privi-
lege of taking :1. certain fixed, prescrib-
ed, uniform. reasoua.l)le rate of toll
from all persons alike, according to the
use they make of the road, is :1 power
that the State may bestow upon any
person, natural or artificial. But no
lawful franchise to take toll on a pub-
lic highway can exceed those limits.
A charter that goes beyond this is
void. Those companies will oppose
any effort to bring them down to a
reasonable rate with the argument
that such reduction is a violation of
the contract between them and the
State. But on the principle laid
down by Judge Baldwin in the case
above mentioned a charter is inoper-
ative which authorizes a maximum of
toll or fare so high that the company
is able without exceeding it to exclude
the people from using their own road.
In the Granger cases from Iowa and
Wisconsin, the bargain was that the
companies might fix their own rates.
But the Supreme Court of the United
States held that a subsequent law to
restrain them within reasonable
limits was no violation of the
original contract. This principle ap-
plies to a company whose maximum
rate is unreasonably high, because
such a rate is practically the same
thing as no limitation at all. The con-
clusion that all the railroad corpora-
tions in the country may be constitu
tionally restrained to reasonable and
just charges is not merelyfdrawn from
the fact that railroads are public high-
ways. If they owned the corpus of the
road and used it in the business ofa
common carrier, they might be com

pelled to behave themselves justly to
all their customers, and submit to
any regulation for the public good.
The unanswerable opinion of ‘Chief
Justice Waite in Munn vs. Illinois
(Otto 4, p. 113) settles that.

The‘ reasonableness of the freight
tolls or taxes that may be charged
upon any railway will depend on the
expenses of running and repairing it
and on the cost of construction. The
latter will, of course, be the principal
element in the calculation, for the
tolls ought to be high enough to give
the corporators a fair profit on the cap-
ital they have actually invested. But
many of these corporations have is
sued large amounts of stock and mort-
gage bonds for which the holders
have paid nothing, or much less than
their nominal value. Another way of
enlarging their apparent dimensions
is to water their stock under the pre-
tense of increasing their capital, while
in fact, the additional shares are di-
vided among themselves without put-
ting anew dollar into the business. Of
course, nobody thinks that the
real cost of the road is to be measured
by the nominal amount of these bonds
and shares. it is easy for a compe-
tent engineer to tell how much any
road ought to cost, supposing the work
to be honestly done and liberally paid
for. That being ascertained, you have
the true basis ofa calculation which
will show how much the tolls ought to
be. Most of our Western reads were
built with the proceeds of public lands
granted mediately or immediately by
the United States to the several com-
panies which now have them in charge.
They did not really cost the stock-
holders anything, and in some cases
they got lands worth a great. deal
more than all expenses of making,
stocking and running the roads. The
two companies between Omaha and
San Francisco raised in cash out of

that

Government bonds, lands, and mort-

gages of their franchises four or five

times as much as they necessarily ex-
pended upon the roads. The stock-
holders, without paying anything, put
the enormous surplus into their pock-
ets. These roads, thus built at the
public expense and in some cases paid
for by the public five times over, are
now claimed as the private property of
the companies, and right of the public
to use them as highways is utterly de-
nied;nevertheless, I think the claim
of these companies to take reasonable
tolls stands upon the same foundation
as that of companies whose roads
were built by the stockholders them-
selves at their own proper expense.
The grant of the lands invested the
grantees with a title which could not
be revoked if the conditions of’ it were
performed. If they sold or mortgaged
the land and invested the proceeds in
the construction of a railroad under a
charter from :1 State or general Gov-
ernment which authorizes them to take
a fair profit in the shape of tolls, they
have as good a right to the tolls as if
the capital to build the road had been
raised themselves: that is to say,
those companies which built the rail-
road with capital donated by the pub-
lic have the same right as other com-
panies to charge a reasonable toll, but
their demand of excessive tolls though
not worse in law, seems in the eye of
natural reason a greater outrage.

If railroad corporations have the
unlimited power which they claim,
then all business is at their mercy; ag-
riculture, commercc, manufactures,
must suffer what they choose to in-
flict. They may rob labor of the
bread it wins, and deprive all enter-
prise of its just reward. Though this
power does not belong to them legally
they have been permitted to usurp it,
and I need not tell you that they have
grossly abused it. They avow that
they make their exactions with an eye
single to their own advantage, with-
out considering any right or interest
of the public. They boldly express
their determination to charge as much
as the traffic will bear: that is to say,
they will take from the profits of ev-
ery mnn‘s business as much as can be
taken without compelling him to quit
it. In the aggregate this amounts to
the most enormous, oppressive, and
unjust tax that ever was laid upon the
industry of any people under the sun.
The irregularity with which this tax
is laid makes it still harder to bear.
Men go into a business which may
thrive at present.r:ités, and will find
themselves crushed by burdens unex-
pectedly thrown upon them after they
get started. It is the habit of the rail-
road companies to change their rates
of transportation often and suddenly,
and in particular to make the charges
ruinously high without any notice at
all. The farmers of the great West
have made a large crop ofgrain, which
they may sell at fair prices ifthey can
have it carried to the Eastern ports
even at the unreasonably high freights
of last Summer. But just now it is
said that the railway companies have
agreed among themselves to raise the
freight five cents per hundred weight,
which is equal to an export tax upon
the whole crop of probably $75,000,-
000, The farmers"‘must submit to this
highway robbery, or else keep the
product of their land to rot on their
hands. They submit, of course, as
all other classes of industrious peo-
ple submit to similar impositions.
Common justice imperatively requires
that freights be fixed, settled, and
prescribed by law, and that they be
not changed at the mere will of the
railroad companies. But the discrim-
inations which make the rates un-
equal are the most odious feature. A
grain-dealer at Baltimore gets a re-
duction or drawback which is denied
to others, and he makes a fortune for
himself, while he ruins his competitors

‘by underselling them. A single mill

at Rochester can stop the wheels of
all the rest, if its flour be carried at a
rate much lower. By discrimination
of this kind the products of‘ one coal
mine may be quadrupled, while an-
other, with all its fixtures and ma-
chinery, is rendered worthless. Such
wrongs as these are done, 11ot only in
afew sporadic cases, but generally
and habitually, on a very large scale.
Certain oil men, whose refinery was
on Long Island, got rebates amount-
ing to $10,000,000 in eighteen months.
and seventy-nine houses (I believe
is the number) engaged in
the same business were broken up.

The creditors of the Regldiug Railroad

having coal lands of their own made

discriminations between themselves
and others which drove all competi-
tion out of the field, gave them the
monopoly of the Philadelphia market,
and enabled them to charge for their
freight—whatever they pleased. Thus
producers, dealers, and consumers all
suffer together. Worse still than that
the prosperity of large communities
is blighted by the refusal of the rail-
roads to carry the products of their
farms, gardens,and to carry the prod-
ucts of their farms, gardens, and shops
unless they submit to the payment of‘
rates much larger than what are
charged on similar goods from other
regions much further away from the
common market. The case you men-
tion of $4 from New York to Salt
Lake, and only $2.50 to San Francisco
is perhaps not the most unrighteous,
but it is as gross :1 violation of legal
principle as can be conceived. If the
railways belong to the people, then
the rights of all citizens are precisely
equal. and all discriminations are un-
lawful. Without reference to the pub-
lic right of property, they are so im-
perious in their general effect and in
their particular consequences that no
well-governed State will endure them.

These railroad and transportation
companies connect themselves with
everything. The promotion of com-
merce, internal and foreign, the in-
terests of buyer and seller, the rights
of producer and consumer, the needs
of the poor, the prosperity of the
rich, all cry aloud for some system of
management which will compel them
to do the duties they owe the public
faithfully, at rates reasonable, fixed,
uniform, and equal, without wanton
charges, without discrimination, The
laws necessary for this purpose are
not difficult to frame. If’ you will
look at the Constitution of l’ensyl-
vania, as amended in 1873, you will
find in the seventh section aseries
of provisions which, if carried out
and enforced, would be amply sulfi-
cient. But the railroad men and
their advocates have managed to im-
press the Legsislature with the idea
that they are above the Constitution.
They assert that every restriction
imposed upon them in the interests
of justice, equality, and fair dealing
is a violation of the contract em-
bodied in their charters. All this is
no doubt very false doctrine, but
they contrive in some way (I really
do not know how) to make the State
authorities accept it as true. I main-

tain that all the States have a clear"

and indefeasible right to protect their
people against such wrongs, and to
exercise the power as a sacred duty.
When that duty is properly performed
the internal trade of each State will
cease to be enslaved and crippled as
it is now. But the commerce between
the States will still be open to in-
equalities, and liable to oppression
and transportion companies, unless
the National Legislature does some-
thing to save it. Congress has power
“ to regulate commerce between the
States.” Is it not strictly within the
scope of that authority when it makes
a law forbidding carriers through the
State to injure, impede, or destroy
the general trade of the country by
extravagant and discriminate charges?
if that be not a regulation of inter-
State commerce, what would be.’
The power being conceded, an effect-
ual mode of righting the wrongs now
complained of can easily be devised.

Doubtless you ‘are right in the
belief that public opinion will be in
favor of your movement. Reflecting
men cannot deny its justice. But
the influence of these great corpora-
tions can hardly be calculated. They
have methods of defense and offense
which make them almost invincible.
You have referred to portions of their
history which proved this. Some of
the State governments are literally
subjected by them now. It will
require a strong organization and
much labor to reduce them. Undiscl-
plined militia in the open field make
a poor fight against regulars in-
trenched. VVhat are corn-stalks
agaist cannon? Such is truth against
money. You ask what I think of
regulating these affairs by the agency
of commissioners. In England I
believe that plan has been a complete
success; in California I understand it
is a dead failure.

This paper is much longer than I
intended to make it, and as an answer
to your questions, it is less categori-
cal than it ought to be. But you
must take it as it is, and believe me
your obedient servant,

J. S. BLACK.

 


 

 

TI-IE G\I?.ANG-E VISITOR.

Ԥ2cturcr's Alrpartmmt.

0. L. WHITNEY, - - .. M1'}gKEG0N_

Pickiugs by the Way, No. 20.

The session af the National Grange at
Washington had not concluded when
our last notes were sent. On the 24th
inst. many of the members visited Al-
exandria, Va., upon invitation of the
Northern Virginian District Pomona
Grange. In Armory Hall the meeting
was held, and after the degrees were
given, the whole party went to the
Mansion House, and after spending an
hour or more in social converse, etc.,
the banquet was announced ready, and
to the room we repaired. The tables
were lavishly spread with everything
to tempt the eye and create appetite.
To satisfy the latter,the meats, oysters,
fruits, etc., etc., soon vanished. In the
parlors a little time was spent in short
speeches, Bro. David Haines of New
Jersey, acting as chairman. The hour
of the returning train being near, the
party repaired to the depot to await its
coming. Bro. D.,oi Massachusetts. was
elevated to the top of the water tank as
chairman, and stories were the order.
We had a good Thing from Maine; a
Dar-den from Mississippi; 9. Brig—ham
from Ohio; at good Mule story from Mis-'
souri. Our train was late into Wash-
ington, so late that when we and lady
reached the hotel, the door was locked.
Who did it? we still ask.

MOUNT VERNON.

Thanksgiving day came, and as no
one wished to labor in a session of the
Grange, nothing more appropriate
could be done than to visit the home
and last resting place of the "Father of
his Country.” As soon as the breakfast
could be had, the most of the- members
by streetcar or on foot reached the dock
of the steamer Col. W. W. Corcoran,
upon the Potomac, and took passage for
the shades of Mount Vernon. This
large steamer was well loaded, and was
soon steaming with the current of this
historic stream, for there as often before
“All was quiet upon the Potomac!” The
first that took our attention was a bride
and a happy party attendant. Orange
blossoms were abundant, if artificial,
but the color of the party was natural—
they were genuine “contrabands”——but
happy don't expres. their enjoyment.
Alexandria City was soonreached;here
Washington attended church; was a
vestryman at the time of the building
of the brick church, whose spire is seen
by all—the bricks were imported from
Europe. This is an old city, and much
dilapidated. Soon we passed the arse-
nal, then the dismantled Fort Foote,
then Fort Washington. Landing was
made under the cover of frowning can-
non upon the walls. Earthworks were
often seen, marks of a strife we hope
may never again be known in this
country.

On board the boat was Col. Hollings-
head, superintendent of the Mt. Vernon
estate, and he seemed very attentive to
all our wants, and when we reached the
landing at Mt. Vernon,‘ was our guide
to all notable parts of the estate, show-
ing up us into every. room, and pointing
out every object of interest without and
within the old home of Washington.

The house, and kitchens, and green-
house were especial objects of interest
to all. To give all in detail would take
too much room and time, and might
not interest all our readers as they did
us. Several colored “gemen” were on
duty upon the place, and when one was
asked if a small stump _we saw was the
remains of the historic cherry tree, he
replied that it was. A fine rustic seat
beneath the shade of some thrifty
young trees was pointed out to another
and ‘,asked if it was not there that the
General used to sit and read his morn-
ing telegrams. “It am,” was the reply.
Many entered the old tomb and stood
in reverence before the new tomb where
now rest the remains of America's first
chieftain. The boat whistled all aboard
and backto the city we went and had a
wholesome Thanksgiving dinner. On

our bill of {are were the words, “Nation-
al Grange of P. of H.——Fourteenth An-
nual Session.”

At 3 o’clock P. M. the Master’s gavel
called the National Grange to labor
again, and closed the day’s labor late
in the evening, only just in time for
Bro. Whitehead and us to say good-by
to the many brothers and sisters, and
take train for the east; Bro. Whithead
to visit his farm, and ourselves to Wil-
mington, Delaware, where we had en-
gagements.

The National Grange continued its
good works and said many good words
to all the Patrons everywhere, closing

- only on Saturday evening, the 27th of

November. What the result of this
session shall be, will depend much up-
on our members, under the direction
of the several State Granges. Let all
act and a “general advance be made all
along the line.”
We reached Wilmington after mid-
night, but with some rest were ready
to meet Bro. Chandler, of Centreville
Grange, No. 11, and go with him to
his fine home up the banks, yet back
from the Brandywine. This valley is
filled with large manufacturing estab-
lishments, into whose owner's hands
many of the finest farms have fallen, to
be leased out to tenants. Already the
effects of the “landlord and tenant” sys-
tem are seen and felt here Corpora-
tions for manufacturing. backed by the
railroads, are trying to manage the pol-
itics of the day. A hearty dinner
with Bro. Chandler and his family pre-
pared us for the public meeting at the
hall, where a goodly number came to-
gether. Bro. C. Lamborn was there
and took us home with him to tea, and
with his daughters in the evening to the
hall of Hockissin Grange, No. 4, where
another public meeting was to be held ;
but the hard storm that came unpitiful-
ly, made the number in attendance very
slim. Bro. Lamborn is the Master of
this Grange, and very much interested
in the work. The evening after leav-
ing the hall was pleasantly spent in
social cpnverse at the fireside of our
host, who, accompanied with one
daughter, took us to Newark the fol-
lowing day. Bro. Wm. Dean gave us
ahearty welcome to his elegant home
and sumptuous board set with dinner.
Bro. Dean is chairman of the Executive
Committee of the Delaware State
Grange, and devotes much of his valua-
ble time to furthering the interests of the
Grange, and assisting the members.
The Order of Patrons in this State
purchases through this agency large
amounts of the commercial fertilizers at
largely reduced prices, thereby saving
much to the members who choose to
patronize this business arm of the Order.
Saturday P. M. was the day for the
public meeting of the Grange at New-
ark, and we had pleasure in addressing
a large and very attentive and intelli-
gent audience. Upon request an even-
ing meeting was also held in the same
hall, and for the short notice, was fairly
attended. We met at these meet-
ings Patrons from other Granges, and
whose names we have tried to remem-
ber, but cannot, who came from Penn-
sylvania. This Grange has been in-
strumental in erecting a fine building
in which they havea co-operative store,
and the post-office is also in this build-
ing. On the second floor is the nicely
furnished hall of the Grange, while a
large public hall occupies the upper
floor. In this the meetings were held,
and we have seldom had the pleasure
of finding an easier hall to speak in. In
Bro. Dean’s home we spent Sunday, and
while the rain storm raged without, we
passed the day very pleasantly, enter-
tained by Bro. Dean’s accomplished and
pleasing daughters, who make their pa
rents’ home cheerful and happy, as we
trust they may, some day in the near
future, make homes of their own—and
we are confident they will.

On Monday,the 29th, Bro. Dean called
usto look over his factory and farm be-
fore breakfast. It was just daylight when
we entered the woolen mill near his
home, the smallest of the three he has.

Busy spindles and cards were at‘ work,

preparing the warp and woof for a very
large army contract of blue cloth. From
basement to garret everything and ev-
erybody was busy. Wool was being
sorted, washed and dyed. Carding.
spinning, weaving and fulling were all
going on, and large bales of cloth being
made ready for use.

Leaving the factory we looked over
the large farm. Fine crops of all kinds
grow thereon, but nothing could be
finer than the cabbage, which is
grown by the acre. The flocks of sheep
and herd of Jersey cattle all interested
us. The Berkshire pigs were the best
we have ever seen. Small fruits and
grapes, peaches and pears,as well as ap-
ples — all claim this farmer’s attention,
and in all he succeeds. A successful
manufacturer, a progressive farmer,
and an earnest. true Patron, is Bro.
Wm. Dean of Newark, Delaware.

PORT PENN.

Our visit to mill,and barn, and farm,
gave us a good relish for the substantial
meal of the morning. After breakfast
we reluctantly bade Sister Dean and
daughters good by, and rode with our
host to the depot, where we shook his
hand in parting, and were borne away
to Mt. Pleasant. en route for our next
objective point—Port Penn.

Stepping off the train, a carriage drove
up, and 300 pounds or more of man
stepped out and gave us a Patron’s grip
and a brotherls welcome. We rode a
few miles to the eastward, and Sister
Dilworth came to meet us at the gate,
and bid us an olden time welcome to
her home. Never in all our travels
have we felt more at home or enjoyed a
visit more than this one with Bro.
and Sister Dilworth, of Port Penn.
Dinner was soon served, and then came
the team to show us the country, and
the farm and its belongings. Bro. T.
F. Dilworth has 500 acres of choice
lands. Upon them he grows 80 or 90
acres of wheat, and as much corn every
year. He has a dairy of 40 odd cows ;
Jersey and Holstein breeds, and makes
butter.

We saw large apple and peach or-
chards; in the latter were 5,000 trees in
bearing. We visited the canning fac-
tory upon this manor, where are canned
each year the choicest peaches and
the product of 12 acres planted to to-
matoes. All the cans are made in the
factory, and all the boxes in which they
are packed for shipping. From the log
they begin. VVe tasted the canned
peaches, andif all were as good as those
we saw, we dcn’t wonder Bro. Dil-
worth finds a ready market for all his
canned fruit.

Port Penn is situated upon the west
bank of the Delaware river. It is a
very old place, and said to be where
Wm. Penn first landed in this country.
The houses all show old age. One house
is the one built by Baron DeKalb.
Calls were made also upon some of the
prominent Patrons near by, with all of
whom ws were much pleased. The
evening brought together a fine audi-
ence at the school house. A word about
the building. It resembled in all its
appointments very much the one in
which we learned our letters nearly 40
years ago; long desks stand around the
outside next the wall. In front of the
desks were the seats and benches, and
to facethe teacher you had to sit with
your back resting against the edge of a
board, This you see, is decidedly an-
cient to us in Michigan. The public
schools are of but little account in this
State. The academies are the schools
of the wealthier people.

For the evening lecture we had a very
intelligent audience, who seemed to ap-
preciate the higher work of the Order
as we were able to present it to them.
At a late hour we retired, going
up a pair of stairs said to be nearly
200 years old, to reach our chamber.
On the morrow we rose at the
call of the host, and after breakfast
bade our hostess good-by. We have
seldom met with a more intelligent
woman. At one time Sister D. edited
a Patron’s paper in Delaware; it was
good, but failed of support. She now

has the household department of the
Farm Journal. The more such sisters
we have in our Order, the better for it
and all, especially for the children.
With our good brother we journeyed
to our first visit in the city of -

PHILADELPHIA.

To write all that we might of this
busy day in the city of Brotherly Love,
would take too many of these precious
columns, and too much of our time.
But Independence hall had a visit, of
course. Our guide, Bro. D., who came
with us, knows just where to find ev-
erything of interest. He has had a
place here for the sale of his fresh fruit
for several years, and has run two bar-
ges upon the river to bring his fruit up
here, going up even to Trenton at
times.

The various new public buildings
are worthy of much time and space.
but when finished, the press will give a
better description than I can here. Mil-
lions of money have already been used
and they are not half done.

The retail store of Wanamaker is a
model. It takesa whole square, has four
acres of space devoted to the sale of
goods, requiring 1,200 busy clerks to do
the business.

The Art Gallery, and many other
places of which this city is justly proud,
might well take some of our time to de-
scribe, but we must stop and make a
visit to the enterprising and thrifty
State of S

NEW JERSEY.

An early breakfast on the morning
of Dec. 1, was taken to prepare us for a
descent upon Mercer County, to attend
the Pomona Grange. Aboard the ele-
gant cars of the P. R. R., that run from
Philadelphia to New York in two hours,
we soon came to the banks of the Del-
aware, opposite Trenton, and here we
discovered that we were watched by
the Worthy Master of the State Grange
of New Jersey, who had come in time
to protect his subjects from the attacks
of a veritable Michigander, about to
invade his jurisdiction. Unlike the
General who commanded at Trenton,
overa hundred years ago, Bro. N. was
not sleeping at his post, but was at our
side when we crossed the river. At our
destination we were met and heartily
welcomed by brothers and sisters, and
in a few minutes were at the hall of
Ewing Grange, the place of meeting.
This hall is two stories in height, well
built, in size 60x30 outside, and stands
upon land given by the railroad compa-
ny of which we have spoken. The up-
per story is used for the hall and large
ante-rooms, while the lower story is
used as a dining room and a family resi-
dence. In the hall there is a good pi-
ano. To our surprise, Bro. Whitehead
met us at the inner gates. Of course
we were right glad to see him, and sus-
pect he thought we needed a little at-
tention in our advent to the State. He
knows how bashful we are, and came to
encourage us.

Introductions to brothers and sisters
took some time. The rain made some
late, but soon the Pomona Grange open-
ed, as it never did before, with Worthy
Master Nicholson in the Master’s chair,
Worthy Lecturer Whitney of Michi-
gan, in the Overseer’s chair, and Wor-
thy Past-Lecturer Whitehead, Steward.
In the fifth degree the work began,and
a number of candidates were passed to
the court of Pomona. This labor closed,
Bro. Whitehead was called to fill the
time until dinner, which he did in his
genial and very happy style. It seemed
like old times to hear his rapid utter-
ances in his well known tones. Din-
ner was announced all too soon and
had to be taken when ready. After the
meal was over a public meeting was the
order, and we made our first bow to the
people of this historic State, and on the
memorable ground passed by Washing-
tonls army en route to capture the Hes-
sians at Trenton.

The meeting was over in time. like
all others, and we and Bro. Whitehead
were detailed to go to tea at the home
of Bro. Chas. Walker, near by. As we

entered the parlor of our host, we took

notice of an old iron lock, such as we
never saw before. It was eight inches
long by six wide, and the knob upon
the inside was upon the lock. We soon
had it explained that we were in a very
old home, and in that parlor General
Washington ate a lunch and drank a
glass of cider the morning after crossing
the Delaware, when upon his way
to take Trenton by surprise—a grand
victory—the turning point of the Rev-
olution, from constant defeat and dis-
couragement——to victory and the grand
result that followed.

Of course we enjoy these items of
historic interest, and must beg pardon
for giving them to our readers. We
won’t do so again—in ten lines at
least.

After tea a worthy brother Green
called, and we had a lengthy conversa-
tion upon the Order and its progress.
We were much pleased to see that our
New Jersey brothers have used the
Order to purchase the concentrated
mannres at low rates, making great
savings upon the purchases of the past.
They are buying chemicals, and are
making their own fertilizers, to a great
extent—another step in advance.

Bro. Vvhitehead accompanied Bro.
Green home for the night, and then
came sleep and rest to us.

T0 FLEMINGTON.

The morning came all too soon, and
called us to labor again. After the
morning repast we took a look over
surroundings. Our host’s ice house,
smoke house, milk house, etc., all
combined, took our attention, as did
many other things we saw. To the"
depot, was the word soon, and when
there, upon the banks of the canal, we
took a look at one of the numerous
stone quarries of the State. Soon
Bros. Whitehead and Nicholson joined
us, and away we rode. We passed
the identical point where Washing-
ton crossed the Delaware en route
to Trenton, to surprise its garri-
son; also years after, he crossed, to be
greeted with flowers trewn by little
girls and songs by mothers and maidens
fair.

We hear them now saying in melodi-
ous song, as he passes the triple arch:

“Welcome! Mighty Chief, once more,
Welcome to this grateful shore;
N ow no mercenary foe aims again the -fatal

W1

Aims at thee the fatal blow;
Virgins fair, and matrons grave,
Whom thy conquering arm did save,
Built for thee triumphal bowers.
Strew, ye fair, his way with flowers,
Strew your herds way with flowers.”

Oh, the historic scenes that im-
agination brings before us, as we tread
the ground hallowed by the blood of
patriots and heroes l

At Fleming, Hunterdon County, _we
met many staunch members of the
Order. We liked their men, but can’t
say as to the sisters; we did not see
any of them. We tried to talk to the
men assembled in the court house, but
as no inspiring glances came from sym-
pathetic sisters, we know we failed.
A word to the wise is sufiicient. Be
wise when we come to Hunterdon Co.
again.

Bro. Whitehead had gone to his
farm, and Bro. Nicholson says, “You
will go home with me to-night.” So
we obey, as he is the Master. To Tren-
ton, across the river to Germantown,
Philadelphia, cross back, and we come
into Camden, noted for having oysters
so large that we can’t eat a dozen. A
four miles ride into the country, and
we find where the Master of the New
Jersey State Grange lives. From the
darkness of the street, we follow the
Master into the light of the home pre-
sided over by Flora of the National
Grange. Home to the Master! and
where Flora reigns, is always home to
us—a natural home.

We were not the last to enter this
home, for soon Bro. N .’s two daugh-
ters came in from a lecture. A pleasant
hour passed and then we went to rest,
and slept till the voice of the Master
called the Lecturer to prepare for the
duties of another day.

Soon Sister Nicholson bade us gather
round the table, bountifully spread

with material wherewith to break the


 

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

E1

7

fast we had maintained since we failed
to meet our dozen bivalves. Bro. and
Sister N., two daughters and two sons,
‘and Bro. Harris, of the local Grange,
with us, filled the table.

Breakfast being over we went to
the barn to see the cows of Bro. N.’s
dairy. He has between 60 and 70, all
in the stables when we saw them. These
stables are kept very neat and clean,
and all that is gathered therefrom is
carefully composted under cover near
by, preparing for use upon the fields,
used for growing corn, turnips, etc.
Bro. N. has some fine horses, two of
which he is proud, and likes to show.
This farm has 180 acres in it, and many
men and teams are employed to do the
labor required thereon.

Turnips were being gathered in the
fields near, the house, and from what
we saw of the stalks cut to feed, and
the many other items we silently took
in, we should say that Bro. Nicholson
was not only a farmer, but a very thor-
ough and successful one. Before we
were half done talking and visiting,
the team came to the door, and Bro. N.,
his daughter and ourselves took seats for
Camden. and then leaving the daughter
to take care of herself (and she can) Bro.
N. took us aboard a train, and soon
Bordentown is reached, where we are
met by Bro. W. R. Hancock, a 300-lb.
Jerseyman, that you can tie to, and he

will never desert you in need. An
hour’s drive brought us to

COLUMBUS,
Our next point of attack. Here we

found Sister Hancock, and several
other sisters and brothers, and soon it
seemed as if we had known them for
years. The meeting in the public hall
was a good one. Bro. Sattethwaite and
Rodgers, and their wives, whom we
had met in Washington, were there to
greet and welcome us. Here we found
some lively young folks, one of whom
we promised to help halter some Mich-
igan bachelor or widower, when she
joins the Grange. It is well our in-
tended victims don’t know what we
do, or they would be too easy prey.

The evening was given to instruction
in the inner work of the Order, and a
goodly number were present.

After the labors of the day were
closed, we rode home with Bro. and
Sister Hancock to their home, where
we spent the night, and had an excellent
rest and sleep, and woke to behold the
sun shining brightly in welcome of the
13th anniversary of the

BIRTH or OUR NOBLE ORDER.

The morning was given to writing,
while Bro. H. went to Columbus for
his sisters. We have here seen some
of the richest portionsiof New Jersey.
'l‘he corn crop must have been im-
mense; often are the stalks twelve to
fifteen feet in height. After dinner we
took passage with Bro. and Sister Chas.
DeCow to the County town of Burling-
ton County, Mt. Holly. Here we
found a good sized meeting of Patrons
and farmers. Bro. Nicholson came
also to attend the meeting, and Bro.
and Sister David T. Haines, of Med-
ford, also Bro. Shoul, whom we met at
Washington, After a very pleasant
meeting, we accompanied Bro. and
Sister Haines home, and thence to
Medford for the evening meeting.

The evening was all that we could
ask, and we had the largest attendance
yet present at any meeting in the State.

Bro. David T. Haines presided, and
in our introduction handsomely gave
Michigan the credit of being a State of
educational celebrity—proud of her cel-
ebrated schools and her sons.

Our audience seemed loth to let us
conclude our lecture, but wanted it con-
tinued. We like these people, and as
at Mt. Holly and Columbus, may we
see more of them.

The seventh day had closed, and the
first day of another week had begun,
at thselegant home of Bro. Haines, ere
we sought our bed, to rest.

With the morning came the rain -

' heavy, continuous rain. A good morn-

ing to sleep, and all took advantage of
it. Breakfast was eaten- at a late hour,

and still it rained too much to attempt

‘to go to meeting, so we all remained at

a truly comfortable home.- Bro. H.
has two daughters at home and one
away at school. All three are just
blooming into womanhood, and will
some day rule in gentleness over wisely
selected homes of their own.

These daughters, with their parents,
form a most estimable, happy family.
Bro. John Haines, a “ bachelor free,"
lives with his brother David, and adds
to the worthy circle another worthy
member.

Bro. H. has a fine farm, and so has
his brother. Cattle and sheep are large-
ly grown by David, while John grows
large crops of wheat.

Sister H. has a tastily arranged and
well-filled conservatory, opening from
the large family room; all of which
adds to the comfort and happiness.

The best of friends must part, and so

,we had to leave this home and take the

train to Mt. Holly, where worthy Bro.
Hancock_took us in charge, and after
repeated changes. and rides on this, and
that, and the other railroad, we reached
FREE]-IOLD,
the county seat of Monmouth County.

Just before reaching the end of our
route, we passed the battle ground, and
at Freehold is the location of the old
court house, used as a hospital at the
time of the battle.

Just before we reached Freehold, Bro.
T. Caverby and Sister Tilton, the form-
er of Hamilton Square, and the latter
of Allentown, came aboard our train,
and went with us to Freehold. How
these two came to be on the train, and
together, is a question. Send us the
solution some time, Bro. C. and Sis-
ter T.

The afternoon brought our audience

.to the Grange hall, which we addressed

until it was time for the train to take
us to Allentown, the place of the even-
ing meeting.

Bro. Tilton met the quartette of us at
the flag station—of which Jersey has
many—and took us home with him,
where Sister ‘_Tilton made us welcome
and happy by a bountiful supper. Here
we met Bro. Bruckelow and wife.

Supper over, a mule team passed
everything on the road, and soon had
us at the hall, which was well-filled
with_ people when we reached there.
Many brothers and sisters we have met

-and named before were there, and we

felt quite at home.

Our meeting over, we parted regret-
fully, with many new friends and Pa-
trons, whom we shall not see in some
time, to say the least.

Bro. Bruckelow and wife took Bro.
Hancock and ourself in care for
the night, and prepare, by rest and
sleep for an early start for Camden, to
go thence south, into the Counties adja-
cent to the river.

Election Notes. _

In the election of officers for the
Grange, let office seek the person, male
or female, and not the person, by friend
orotherwise, seek the otfice.

The best person for each and every

place is the one best qualified to fill they

place.

One qualification for office in the
Grange is ability; another is willing-
ness to do the work required in the
position.

Never let partisan preferences have
any weight in the selection of Grange
ofiicia s: disappointed oflice-seekers
will often take any oflice offered them.

Workers are usually better oflicers
than mere talkers.

Read the laws of the Order upon elec-
tions and the manner of conductipg
them. They are simple, and easily nn-
derstood and carried out.

Put little faith in those members who
come to the Grange only about election
time. '

SOME folks are unfortunately three-
handed: They have a right hand, a
left hand, and alittle behind hand.

LOVE LIGIITENS LABOR .

TO BE BRAD BY THE HUBBANDB.

A good wife rose from her bed one morn,
And thought, with a nervous dread,

Of the pile of clothes to be washed, and more
Than a dozen mouths to be fed;

There’? the meals to get for the men in the

fie (1 ~

And the iihildren to school to be fixed away;
The milk to be skimmed and churned,
And all to be done in one day.

It had rained in the night and all the wood
Was wet as it could be;

The day was hot, and her aching head
Throbbed wearily, as she said:

“If maidens only knew what good wives know,
They would be in no haste to wed 1"

“Jennie, what do you suppose I told Ben
Brown ? ”

Called the farmer from the well;

And a blush crept up to his bronzsd brow ;
And his eyes half bashfully fell;

“It is this,” he said, and coming near,
Kissed irom her brow the frown,

“T’was this,” he said, “ That you were the

best,
And dearest wife in town.”

The farmer went back to the field, and the
wife,

In a smiling and absent way,

Sang snatches of tender little songs,

She’d not sung for many a. day,

And the pain in her head was gone, and the
clothes

Were white as the foam of the sea;

Her bread was light, and her butter was sweet,

And as golden as it could be.

“Just think," the children all called in a
breath,

“Tom Wood has run off to seal

He wouldn't, I know, if he only had

As happy a home as we.”

The night came down and the good wife
smiled

To herself, as she softly said:

“ ’Tis so sweet to labor for those we love,

It’s not strange that maids will wed V. ”

—- Selected.

fiaaivs’ gmpartmsnt.

PAVV PAW, Dec. 6, 1880.

Some time since Sister S—-— stated
that she did not feel called upon to
write, etc. (17), but the appearance of the
"Ladies’ Department” in the VISITOR
of Nov. 15, was too strong a reproof and
suggestion, and she concluded to at
least “ call the roll.”

How many will respond ?

I apprehend the Sisters have been
taking breath after that semi-annual
horror—house cleaning—and trust that
now they will occupy all the space al-
lotted them by our kind-hearted editor.
I hope to see many new names.

I have thus far looked in vain for
communications from No. 10. Many
of our members who are interested read-
ers of the VISITORaI'e capable of adding
to its interest, and I hope they will no
longer allow an insignificant member
to be their sole representative. Like
many another, our Grange has dimin-
ished somewhat in numbers, but the
workers are all left, and our sessions
are very pleasant.‘ Aunt Kate says,
“Theidea of aPatron trying to be a
good Granger and not takea Grange
paper is absurd?” What would she
think of a Patron who tooka Grange
paper yet performed none of the duties
of a Patron, not even attending the
meetings of the Order. I know of such
cases.

Some of them say, “The Grange is a
good thing, and I would like to keep
along with it if it would only do some-
thing.”

What do they think the Grange is?
Of what is it composed?

If each member staid at home and
waited for that indefinite “it” to do
something, how long would they have
to wait?

But if there is any life in those delin-
quents, I think the VISITOR which
they read, will arouse them, and I will
leave them in its hands.

I hope Aunt Hattie will reply to the
call of Sister S———, but why did not the
latter give us her views on the subject
she presented?

There is one subject upon which there
cannot be too much said or written-
education. I am aware it is a good deal
discussed, but that is something that
cannot be overdone. Let us keep it ever
before the children and youth. Let us
strive by all laudable means to arouse
all their ambition, to instill into their
minds a love of knowledge, and the ne-
cessity of its attainment. We should
be progressive. Each generation should
be wiser than the preceding one. I
once heard a man say, “My ambition

has always been to know more than my
father, and I try to impress upon the
minds of my children that their aim
should be to know more than I do.”
Education does not end with our school
days. Our school life is but the disci-
pline needed to enable us to absorb and
assimilate knowledge wherever found-
What an educator our Order has been
to the middle aged! And now let us
gather in theyouth and bear them along

with us. Let us teach and encourage

them to have some ideal for which to
labor, and to place that ideal so high
that the end oflife shall find them still
reaching forward to grasp it.

MARY.

Bide Your Time.

Every man must patiently bide his
time. He must wait. More particu-
larly in lands like my native land,
where the pulse of life beats with fever-
ish and impatient throbs, is the lesson
needful. Our National character wants
the dignity of repose. VVe seem to live
in the midst of a battle—thereis such a
din, such a hurrying to and fro. In the
streets of a crowded city it is diliicult
to walk slowly, you feel the rushing
of the crowd, and rush with it on-
ward. In the press of our life it is dini-
cult to be calm. The voices of the pres-
ent say—-Come! With calm and sol-
emn footsteps the .rising tide beams
against the rushing torrent up stream,
and pushes back the hurrying waters.

VVith no less calm and solemn foot-
steps, no less certainty, does a great
mind bear up against public opinion,
and push back the hurrying stream.
Therefore, should every man wait,—
should bide his time. Not in listless
idleness, not in useless pastime, not in
querulous dejection; but in constant,
steady, cheerful endeavors, always wil-
ling, and fulfilling, and accomplishing
his task, that when the occasion comes
he may be equal to the occasion. And
if it never comes, what matters it to the
world whether I, or you, or another
man, did such a deed, or wrote such a
book, so be it the deed and the book
were well done. It is the part of an in-
discreet and troublesome ambition to
care too much about fame—about what
the world says of us—to be always anx-
ious for the efl'ect of what we do and
say ; to be always shouting to hear the
echo of our own voices. If you look
about you, you will see men who are
wearing life away in feverish anxiety
of fame, and the last we shall hear of
them will be the funeral hell that tolls
them to their early graves. Unhappy
men, and unsuccessful, because their
purpose is not to accomplish well their
task, but to clutch the “tricks and
phantasy of fame,” but they go to their
graves with their purposes unaccom-
plished and wishes unfulfilled. Better
for them, and for the world following
in their example, had they known how
to wait. Believe me, the talent of suc-
cess is nothing more than doing what
you can do well, and doing well what-
ever you do— without a thought of
fame. If it comes at all, it will come
because it is deserved, not because it is
sought after. And, moreover, there
will be no misgivings, no disappoint-
ment; no hasty, feverish, exhausting
excitement. _

WHOM did Adam marry, and when
did he marry? One Eve. What was
her bridal dress? Barely nothing. Not
even a ribbon? No; she had no need of
one. She was a ribbon herself. When
Adam and Eve were in the gardening
business,what time did they commence
picking apples ? In the Fall. What was
the first step they took in the sugar
business ? Raising Cain. Why did not
Cain make good sugar? Because he was
not Abel. VVho was the wisest man?
Knower (Noah.) What did he know?
He knew enough to go in out of the
rain.

THE dairy butter trade is raising a
fund to punish the dealers and makers
of oleomargarine.

THE REAPER. DEATH.

CLARK.—Died Sept. 20th, 1880, WILLIAM
H. CLARK, a. member of Whitney Grange, No.
513, in the 44th year of his age.

The following resolutions of respect and con-
dolence were adopted:

WHEREAS, The reaper death has again in-
vaded our ranks and cut down, in the prime of
life and in the full vigor of his manhood, our
brother William H. Clark, thus once more re-
minding us of the uncertainty of life, and ad-
monishing us to be ready for the final harvest;
therefore, ’

Resolved, That in the death of brother Clark,
this Grange has lost an earnest and consistent
member, his family a kind and indulgent hus-
band and father, and the community a worthy
and useful citizen.

Resolved, That our heart-felt sympathy is
extended to the family of the deceased in this,
their great sflliction, realizing how owerless
any poor words of ours to comfort or eal their
sorrows, we can only commend them to the
care of “Him who doeth all things well.”

Resolved, That these resolutions be spread
upon the minutes of the Grange, a copy sent
to the family of the deceased. and to the
GaANeE Vrsrroa for publication, and that the
charter of our Gran e be dra ed in mourning
for sixty days.  Q. A. §U'Bl?.ING'l‘ON,

EnwAnn Pumas,
J. H. RICHARDSON,
Committee.

BUCK.—Died at his residence in Fowler. of
congestion of the lungs. Nov. 6th. 1880, Brother
E. W. Book a charter member of Dal-
las Grange, No. 505, and its present Worthy
Overseer.

WHEREAS, The scythe of time has cut from
our midst one of the most zealous advocates of
our cause, and one of our most faithful workers
in, and supporters of our Grange ;

Ann, WHEREAS, We realize the severe less
we have sustained; therefore,

Resolved, That we extend our heart-felt sym-
pathy to, and mingle our tears with, our sister,
the bereaved wife of our “ Fraternal brother.”

Resolved, That our hall be draped in mourn-
ing for the period of sixty days; _

Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be
presented to the family of our deceased brother,
offered to the county pa ers of this county, and
he sent to the GRANGE isiroa for publication.

“ The loved and loving brother, husband, fa-
ther, friend, died where ma.nhood’s morning
almost touches noon, and while the shadows
were still falling to the west,

He had not passed, on life’s highway, the
stone that marks the highest point, but, being
weary for a moment laid down, and using his
burdens for apillow, fell into that dreamless
sleep that kisses his eyelids still.

While yet in love with life, he passed to si-
lence and pathetic dust. This brave man, in
every storm of life, was rock and oak, but in
the sunshine he was vine and flower. The
heights he sought to climb , but he looked not
with envy on those above, not with scorn on

those below. With loyal heart and purest
hand, he faithfully discharged all public trusts:

He sided with the Weak, and was a friend to
the oppressed; and, if each one for whom he
performed some kind act. were to bring a blos-
som to his grave, he would sleep this night, be-
neath ii wilderness of flowers.”

MYRON BROWN,

Gsosos. E. Buss,

HENRY SnELnoN.
Committee.

PINKNEY.—- Died at her residence in Keene,
Ionia Co., Mich., Oct. 23d, 1880. Sister PHEBE
PINKNEY. a member of Keene Grange, No. 270,
in the 33d year of her age.

Wi1si=.E.is, The reaper, death, has paused in
in our midst and summoned :3. beloved sister ;
therefore,

Resolved, That while we thus recognize the
just hand of a Divine Muster above, we must
also express our sorrow in losing ii. kind sister.

Resolved, That the members of this Grange,
in memory of their departed sister, and our
condolence with the bereaved relatives in this
their hour of sorrow, drape our charter in
mourning for sixty days. _

Resolved, That :1. copy of these resolutions be
entered upon the record of the Grange, and
also sent to the GRANGE Visiroiz for publica-
Mns. CnAs. TAYLOR,

‘- LETTIE HAWLEY,

“ JAS. BEATTIE,

Committee.

tion.

JOHNSON.—-Died in Keene, Nov. 21st, 1880.
Sister CARRIE S. J omvsozv, wife of the Worthy
Secretary, Dewitt C. Johnson, in the 36th year

of her age.

Deceased being Ceres of Keene Grange, No.
270, in her death one of the brightest links of
our frateriial chain has been severed, and we
have been brought to mourn the loss of a dear
sister, and we subinissively bow to the will of
the Father’s chastening hand.

Wi1EaEAs, In Sister J ohnson’_s unerring
Christian life, we see her perfect faith in God.
That her Hope, was as an anchor, steadfast and
sure, and by her acts of Charity, others were
ma'de happy, and her Fidelity, she won the
love and respect of all who knew her; therefore,
‘ Resolved, That as the All Wise Creator has
seen fit to remove by death, the honored and
beloved Ceres from our midst, that as a token
of respect, her stand be draped in mourning,
and her chair be held vacant until after the
next election of officers.

Resolved, That the members of Keene Grange
extend to the bereaved family, their most sin-
cere and heart-felt sympathies; that these reso-
lutions be entered upon our record, a copy sent
to the sorrowing family, and to the GRANGE
VISITOR for publication.

Mas. MARY WELCH,
“ Woor>iuAiv,
H ANN E. PAiiizs,
Committee.

WELCH.—Died at her father’s residence in
Keene, Ionia Co., Oct. 28th, after a long and
painful illness, Miss IDA R., youngest daughter
of Vine Welch, aged twenty years.

The funeral services were held Oct. 30th, at
the house, and her remains were taken to the
lonia cemetery for interment. Rev. J as. Rob-
erts conducted the services. The funeral was
very largely attended, for her wide circle of
acquaintances universally loved her, and were
anxious to once more view those fair features,
and shed tears o'er that loved form—tears of
sorrow for their own loss, and of sympathy for
the still greater sorrow of the afilicted family.

WHEREAS, Keene Grange, No. 270, has again
heard an alarm at the gate, and the unbidden
messenger, death, has entered, and severed from
our fraternal chain a golden link, which can
never be restored. How sadly shall we miss
the young and lovely sister, whose smile was
sure to greet us when we gathered here in our
Grange home; who was ever ready to perform
all duties assigned her, and whose good princi-
ples ever prompted her to cast her influence
upon the side of right. May her memory ever
be dear to our hearts, and may we emulate her
virtues and endeavor to be as worthy members
of this fraternity.

Resolved, That as a Grange we tender our
heartfelt sympathies to the bereaved family in
their severe aflliction.

Resolved, That our hall be draped in mourn-
ing for sixty days, that these resolutions be
entered upon our records, and a cop of them
be presented to Bro. and Sister Welc , and one
sent to the GRANGE Visiron for publication.

Mizs. LIVEDA A. Puzxs,
“ S. R. Moon,
“ E. HAxcox,

Grange Hall, Nov. 27, 1880. Committee.


 

THE GRANGE VISITOR.

Exercise and Rest.

Farmers as a class are prone to for-
get that exercise can kill as well as
curc. Many, very many hard-work-
ing, ambitious farmers, as well as
farmers’ wives, have hurried them-
selves into untimely graves by en-
deavoring to " keep up” when they
ought to be in bed; and they do keep
up, too, for so long a time that, when
they take to their beds, their strength
is so completely exhausted that the
system has no power to rise, and they
fall into a condition beyond the reach
of human skill and all is lost. VVho
has not observed that when anything
serious is the matter with domestic
animals they court quietude and
perfect rest. \\'e are aware that
sometimes a person feels indisposed
to exercise faom sheer laziness. VVe
are not offering advice to such, but
it is to those who, irom fear of being
classed among the idle and lazy, con-
stantly disobey an instructive desire
to sit down, and stay there, when
nature demands rest. We firmly be-
lieve that in most instances, quietude
would result in cure under most cir-
cumstances. II every step you take
is an effort, do not take another-—go
to bed. If you feel the better for a
walk, then walk, but stop short of
great fatigue.—A_(/. IVorZd.

F0 R SALE.

On account of ill health, H. H. Taylor, of
Dowagiac, Cass Co., Mich., offers for sale, at the
low price of $8,000, his excellent grain and
stock farm of 282 acres, 180 under good cultiva-
tion, balance good timber. Fine cold spring,
good buildings, fences, fruit ; 20 acres wheat on
the ground. Located four miles from Dowagiac,
half-mile north of Central Railroad. Stock and
farming tools, put in at a low price, if wanted-
on ten years time, for two-thirds of the purchase
money. Also very cheap, as first-class business
pair of horses, weighing 2,400 lbs.

Arrangements are being made for an

EXCURSION PARTY.

to LEAVE KALAMAZOO for

Jacksonville, Florida,

Aboutthe 18th of JANUARY NEXT.

Pare fur Iillllllll'l'I‘lIl Will be $40, or Less,
GOOD TILL JUNE 1ST.
For further information, address
J. P. EARL.
Schoolcraft, Mich,

BEST III THE VIOIILDI

 

Q Q
s E
‘1

E
>4 o‘
*4 bi
S :-
H :-
3 M.
S, it
an E
V E

AND
BI-GARE. SODA
Which is the same thing.

Irnpuro Sn.l(~ratris<:~- Bl-Car-b Soda.
(which is the same ihing ;is ofa. slight.
ly dirty white color. 1t may appbar
Ivhite, exn.min<d by itself, but as
COMPARISON IVITH CHURCH 6:
CO’S “ ARM AND!-IAMMEB,” BRAND
will ihoxv the diflcrencc.

See that your Sxrlcrntus and Bak-
ing Soda. is white nntl PURE, as
should be ALI. SIZZILAR. SUI:S'Z‘.!.:‘I-
C119 use-d frw ‘AN’.

PRICE LIST of SUPPLIES

Kept in the omce otthe secretary or the
MICHIGAN S T A T E GRANGE.
And sent out Port Paid, on Receipt qf Oath Or-
der, over the seal of a Subordinate G-range,

and the signature qf its " fer or Secretary.

.....:

 

Porcelain Ballot Marbles, r hu.ndred,.. . 60
Blank Book, ledger ruled, or Secretary to
keep accounts with members, ........ .. 1 00
Blank Record Books, (Express aid),.... . l 00
Order Book, containing 100 0 ers on the
Treasurer, with stub, well bound, . . . . . . 50
Receipt Book, containing 100 Receipts
from Treasurer to Secretary, with stub, «
well bound,.... ..................... . . 50
Blank Receipts for dues, per 100, boun ,. . 50
A plicutions for Membership, per 100,... . 50
unbershi Cards, per 100,....... . . . . .. 50
Withdra Cards. per doz.,.. . 25
Dimits, in envelopes, per don, ......... . . 25
By-Laws of the State Grange, single
‘es 10c, per doz., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75
Bylffuliws, bound,................:...... 20
Patmm’ Singing Book, with music, Sin-
gle oo 16 cts. per dos.,..

 
  

“ L . . . . . - - . .
Blank --Ax-ficieu'o1 Association” for the

    

I tion of Subordinate Grmges
with g of Charter, all ooinplete,.... . l0
Notioojo ’ uent Members, per 100. .. 40
40
60

Address, J. 1'. COBB,
Sac’! Hwx. Sun Guxex.

SCKOOLCBAFT, MICE.

We Have Again Reduced the Prices of
Our Paints, from June, 1880.

Patrons’ ldi Wurls.

Fon run MANUFACTURE or

I N G E R S O L L’ S
Ready Mixed Paints.

:Also, Dealers in-—
Paris Green and London Pur/9/e.

In these days of Bcnzine Paints, that peel and wash
off so soon — lead and zinc that are adulterated so
largely——we are not surprised that the Ingersoll Ready
Mixed Paint is having such an extensive sale. The
annoyance of procuring the various articles necessary
to mix Paint are avoided, and the colors are permanent.
Proof is given of its enduring twenty years, and still
looking well. Its price is lower than even the materials
can be procured in the ordinary way. Its base is old
English lead and French X‘(‘d seal zinc, chemically mix-
ed in such a manner as to bind the component parts
in one insoluble fluid, that defies the weather for so
many years.

All you have to do is to write to the Ingersoll Ready
Mixed Paint Works, 16".: South Street, bew York, and
they will mail their book, free, telling every one how
to beliis own painter; containing. also, specimens of
Tvventy beautiful colors, with a rule by which the
quality and price of paint required for any sized building
can beascertained. The paint comes ready mixed in
cans for instant use, and at a price lower than the ma-
terials can be purchased in the ordinary way; besides
this, the paint will endure over three times as long as
any other paint.

FREIGHT PAID ON TEN GALLONS
OF PAINT AND OVER.

A. 1V.[- INGEBSOLL.
Paint Works, No. 182 South Street, N. Y.

The Huflandman.

SEVENTI-I 'i’EAR.

REDUCED PRICE!
$1. $1.

The HUSBANDMAN has been widely recognized
as standing in the front rank of agricultural
journalism. While treating fully all questions
embraced in

PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE,

it discusses with fearless ability the economic
problems that effect all productive industries.
It strives earnestly to incite thought, broaden
conception and increase understanding of the
wrongs through which agriculture has suffered,
especially
TIIE UNJUST TAXATION

fastened upon it, and the hurtful discrimina-
tions by which its products are cheapened be-
low the cost of the labor employed in their
production.

It would stimulate self-respect among farmers
through well-applied thought, fitting them to
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All the well-known features of the HUSBAND-
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A YEAR.

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THE BUSINESS COLLEGE
AT KALAMAZOO, men.

13 THE BEST PLACE FOR

YO UN G MEN and WOMEN
TO GET A THOROUGH BUSINESS
EDUCATION.

$’Send for College Record, giving full par-
ticulars.

 

President.

HEADQUARTERS FOR LAND PI.llS'l'I-IR

DAY & TAYLOR,

Grandville, Mich

Are prepared to furnish LAND PLASTER,
fresh ground, at contract prices, made
with the Executive Committee
of the State Grange.

A large stockI‘%pRl.iand of pure, finely-ground

Send us your Orders direct. ,
js.nl—ly DAY 4!: TAYLOR

THE NEW SHEEP DIP!
Little’s chemical Fluid.

Non-poisonous. Nun-Corrosive Disinfect-
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Is now entensively used in all the great
wool growing countries of the world, and is
rapidly superceding all other preparations. In
Australia it is the recognized Dip, and in New
Zealand it is used in the Government Dipping
Stations, and is reccornmended by the principal
Sheep Inspectors. In the United States, also,
although only recently introduced, it is having
a large sale, especially in California, and dur-
ing the last twelve months many thousand gal-
lons have been shipped to that State alone.

It is before all other Dips in the simplicity of
its preparation. It mixes at once with cold wa-
ter, a single trial will prove that upon coming
into contact with the water the whole is chang-
ed into a mik-white Dip, which is distinctly
not the case with any other material,

Send 3-cent stamp for Testimonials and pri-
ces to 'I‘. W. LAWFURD,

Gen’l and Wholesale Agent.
310. 296 E. (‘,1-use St. Baltimore, Md.

The BEST PAPER! Try It !
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THE sc H A

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sales or introduction often easily effected.

Any person who has made a new discovery or
invention, can ascertain, free afclmrqe, whether
apatent can probably be obtained, by writing
to Munn & Co. \Ve also send free our Hand
Book about the Patent Laws, Patents, Caveats.
Trade Marks, their costs, and bow procured,
with hints for procuring advances on inven-
tions. Address for the paper, or concerning

Patents.
MUN N 8:. CO..
37 Park ROW. New York.
Branch Oflice, Cor. F and 7th Sts., Washing-
ton, D. C.

CDMBINED IIIRUULATIUN !

ONE DOLLAR ! ONE DOLLAR l

Agricultural Worlii Mich. Humeslaal;

A SIXTEEN PAGE PAPER. DEVOTED
TO THE INTERESTS OF AGRICUL-
TURE IN ALL ITS BRANCHES.
CHEAPEST PAPER PUBLISHED l

Many of the ablest farmers and writers of
Western Michigan are regular contributors to
the W'orld and Homestead. The series of arti-
cles now running entitled “Farmers’ Relation
to Law,” being an exhaustive treatise of the
law of highways, titles, fences, drainage, es-
trays. patent-rights, etc., etc,, are well worth
five times the subscription price of the paper.

The Grange interests and Grange news form
a special feature, and are at all times fully rep-
resented.

The Home Department is in the hands of a.
practical housekeeper, and is carefully and ably
conducted.

Its market reports are fuller and more relia-
ble than can be found in any other paper pub-
lished in Western Michigan.

A FREE COPY will he sent to any person
who forwards in one order the names and ad-
dresses of ten subscribers, new or old, with ten
dollars in payment therefor.’

Subscriptions can commence at any time.
Send stamp for sample copies. Address,

N. B.-—The subscription price will be $1.50
on all subscriptions and renewals after Decem-
ber lst, 1880.

F. M. CARROLL dz CO.,
25 Cuvu. Srnnnr, — GRAND Ruins, Mien.

GEO. W. HILL & 00.,
80 Woodbridge St., - - Detroit,

Are now prepared to handle

Wheat, Oats and 007%,

IN CAR LOTS.

Having plenty of storage room we can also
handle

APPLES.

POTATOES,
BEANS. BUTTER,
CHEESE, EGGS.

and in fact anything and everything that a
farmer has to sell,

on as Favorable Terms as any
House In the City.

We also PURCHASE ALL KINDS OF

600118 for STORES, CLUBS and Families

At the Lowest Wholesale Price.

Comignmente and Orders Solicited.
jyl2-no70tf.

THIS SPACE BELONGS TO

THE OSGOOD SCALE.

E. P. IB'U'EI.I., Agent,
54 Jlladison Avenue,

DETROIT, MICE.

HUSBANDS 6- sI.0K;*-? serves:
MOTHERS OF DROOPING DAUGHTERS!

SHOULD KNOW OF
DR. R. PENG-ELLY’S “ WOMAN'S FRIEND,” IMPROVED I
It is a. SOVEREIGN REMEDY for

Those Complaints (they need no naming) peculiar to WOMEN, YOUNG or OLD, NOT A
CURE-ALL. Claiming to annihilate Jaundice, Diabetes, Bright’s Disease, Gravel, and every-
thing else which afllicts MEN EVEN MORE THAN WOMEN.

It works in ONE LINE and in that’ line it excels. The tender, Nervous Girl, the anxious.
expectant Matlzer, the overburdened Housewife, the Matron, passing the critical change, are all
guarded, soothed and sustained by its Gentle Influence. It is the prescription of an ezperienc-ed
Physician, perfected during a life-long practice, and its r ins years of public record, in 30 difierent
States, have proved it rightly named—-A FRIEND INDEED TO WOMAN. The good words of
those who use it are its best advertisement. Send for References and Testimonials to

R. PENGELLY & CO..
KALAMAZOO, MICH. (FOEMERLY or PLAINWELL.)

Sold by Drugglsts generally and Lady Agents. Swift &« Dodds, and Fnrrnnd, Wil-
liams &. Co.. Detroit. VnnSchanck, Stevenson  Co., Pjilcago.

ORDER.

Our Price List No. 28, for Fall and Winter, 1880.
Free to any address upon application. If there is any-
thing you want that our Price List does not describe
and give the price of, let us know. Send in your
name early, as orders are filled in turn.

Address,

MONTGOMERY, WARD 8: 00.,

227 &. 229 VVabash Ave.,

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

SOMETHING ENTIRELY NEW!
THE CHAMPION BARB]-ID WIRE

Is Easily Seen, Most Efiective, and Least Dangerous to Stock of any Barbed Wire known.

 

In this NEW DEPARTURE we have a Wire with Barbs three-eighths of an inch-
in length, beveled from both sides, that will repel and not make a dangerous wound. It prick;
but does not lacerate. The Barbs are placed at intervals of only one-fourth of sn inch, making
in reality, a continuous Barbed Wire, 48 Barb: to the foot, rejecting in every direction, making,
it an absolute impossibility for stock or animals of any kind: large or small, to press against the
Wire without being pricked. The Champion Barbed Wire is made of the best quality 01
Bessemer Steel, is galvanized after the Barbs are put in and the strand twisted-—thus In ‘K
s Barbed Wire completely covered with the best galvanizing material in use, and the cable an
barbs soldered firmly together, making it actually RUST PROOF, and safe to buy, as it steers?
clear of all other patents. Weighs from 16 to 17 on. to thelrod, and sold in Spools of 70 to 160 lbs.

For sale at 10 cent: per pound at the Patron’ Commission Home. I59 South Wu.
ter Street. Chicago. Illinois. by Tflofigg ‘Agog.

Q‘ Descriptive Circulars furnished on Application. nugltojanl-81