Green is Beautiful THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ONTARIO SUPERINTENDENTS ASSOCIATION June Edition 1996 The New Lightweight Champion Introducing the Ransomes® 250 Fairway Mower No lightweight contender stands a chance against the hydrostatic drive grips the terrain for an unsurpassed 250’s winning combination of features. All you have cut. Even weight distribution eliminates “bouncing” to do is demo the 250 to appreciate its drive to out­ for a smooth, clean finish. The 23-, 28- or 33-horse- perform, outpower, outproduce and outmaneuver any power engine muscles the 250 up inclines or around mower in its weight class. any obstacle, but not at the expense of agility. The 250 is extremely quick on its feet. Floating cutting heads closely hug the turf Before you put your money behind any other and rugged lightweight, give the Ransomes® 250 a workout. It’s the only mower to have in your comer for a winning performance on the fairway. Ransomes...the reel thing. 1184 PLAINS ROAD EAST BURLINGTON AREA: (905)637-5216 BURLINGTON, ONTARIO TORONTO AREA: (905)338-2404 L7S 1W6 ALL OTHER ONT. AREAS: 1-800-883-0761 Green is Beautiful 1996 Georgian Bay Superintendents Association Although every effort is made to check Board of Directors and Ken Wright of material for publication, the association is not The Devil's Pulpit Golf Association responsible tor material published on behalf of its contributors. All rights are reserved by the publisher and any reproduction in whole or part without the written permission of the publisher is prohibited. 1996 O.G.S.A. Board of Directors President Alex La Belle CGCS Merry-Hill Golf Club 519-648-2304 Past President John Taylor Twenty Valley Golf Club 905-562-4181 Vice President Simon George Oakville Golf Club Left to Right: Don Campbell, Ken Wright, President Ron Heesen, Mark Schneider, 905-844-5796 Treasurer Gary Gravett, Randy Fielder. Ian Bowen Oshawa Golf Club 905-725-9511 Whats Inside: Secretary Paul Dodson CGCS Lionhead Golf Club 905-455-8400 President's Message Page 4 Roster GTI Update Page 4 Bob Heron CGCS Beacon Hall Golf Club OGSA Border Cities Golf and Meeting Page 5 905-841-0252 Georgian Bay Superintendents/Devil's Paintbrush Page 6 Scholarships & Donations Paul White Re-Grassing Project Page 8 Mississauga Golf Club Superintendent's Story Page 10 905-278-4741 Public Relations & Welcoming Fungicide Resistance Page 11 Jerry Richard Craigowen Golf Club Pro/Super Tournament Page 15 519-462-2910 Partners in Environmental Management Page 18 Keith Bartlett Thornhill Country Club Computer Assisted Renovation Page 22 905-889-2735 Bylaws Monte Anderson Advertisers Index: Pointe West Golf Club 519-736-5050 Membership Rittenhouse Page 6 Jim Flett Muskoka Lakes Golf Course Braemar Page 7 705-765-3165 Nutrite Page 7 Newsletter Editor Mark Piccolo Solaris-Easout Page 8 Galt Country Club 519-650-1503 Solaris-Killex Page 9 Oseco Page10 Office Manager Cindi Charters Plant Products Page11 Guelph Turfgrass Institute Solaris-Ferromec Page15 328 Victoria Street South Guelph, Ontario N1H 6H8 Solaris-Banner Page16 Telephone: (519) 824-OGSA Green Horizons Page17 Fax: (519) 766-1704 Toro/Turf Care Page20 Parex Page20 Pecal Page19 Plant Products Page19 Designed and Printed by City Graphics Design & Print Inc. Cover: Glenn Abbey Golf Club/Dean Baker President Message... By Alex La Belle CGCS Well, well, well! This sayers a target away from home. These groups have spring has given new had great experience at dealing with stubborn meaning to the term amateurs. You would be surprised at the results. "grassy depression"! No The analysis and advice can be identical to yours, one I have talked to can yet the acceptance is much more readily given. remember a fall-winter- On another note I have been in meetings with the spring combination like MOEE to look at pesticide licensing and re-licensing. this. In our neck of the woods we had 26/30 days of The previous government decided to introduce rain or snow in April. Soil temperatures at my legislation to require all people applying pesticides course didn't get above 50 degrees until May 13 Th. to rewrite the examination every five years As is customary after conditions like this all of beginning in 1996. That is not happening yet. They the arm chair supers start chirping. "Why don't we would also have required any people apply under have grass"?! "What did you do"?! "Why can't you the cover of one license to become fully licensed after get some seed growing, or sod or something"?!!! two years. That is not happening. What is on the "Anything"!!! Then comes the clinical analysis. table now is a proposal the have licensed applicators "You're growing the wrong kind of grass," or, write a test of rules, regulations and safety in order "You've been cutting the grass too short",or my to have the licenses renewed before the end of the personal favorite, "You toxified the grass with all five year term of the license. A special position those pesticides." Those of us that have grass, have would be created called pesticide technician who magic grass! "Oh well, this course always comes would be required to pass a test of safety procedures through OK." They forget about us out there getting in order to receive a certificate to allow them to apply one or two greens treated whenever the ice and pesticides. There would be no requirement for them snow cleared during one of the five thaws we had to pass the exterminator's examination but they overwinter. They don't remember us out with snow would have to be re-certified every two years. shovels and blowers trying to clear enough of the Currently we are working on a curriculum and white stuff away to get some fungicide on the turf. study package to service the needs of the various I'm not saying all golfers are like that. In fact most groups who use pesticides. The objective of Queen's really do understand. Its unfortunate though, that Park is to have the program in place by summer the vocal minority panic and have to affix blame 1997. I will keep you informed of any new on someone. With the recent cold, wet weather developments. I hope to see you at the next keeping us from making any great advances in golf/meeting day at Angus Glen, July 22 nd. cultivation this gaggle of Chicken Littles have had more than their usual run at inciting concern. When something is repeated often enough, GTI Update whether it is true or not, it becomes believable. Rob Witherspoon, GTI Director Board members are under pressure to supply Although the rain washed out the main event at answers and like it or not, in many cases, both the the Border Cities meeting at Beach Grove G&CC, I directors and superintendents are perceived as appreciated the opportunity to review research covering their own aspidistras. I went through this results from 1995 and discuss some of the work we scenario some years ago when we lost 18 greens to will be doing this season. ice damage. This is where the services of a The dialogue among superintendents from both consultant may come in handy. The superintendent sides of the border was very interesting. It was down the road or the guy next door may be able to encouraging to hear from Michigan superintendents share experiences. This issue's article on Re-grassing that IPM scouting is a valuable tool for both decision of Lookout Pointe is an example. making purposes and communicating with That is how and why associations began. In a very members. The Ontario Turfgrass Research serious situation, the inspection and advice of a Foundation has provided partial funding for further group such as the RCGA or USGA tends to lend more credibility to the report and gives the doom- continued on page 7 OGSA Border Cities Golf and Meeting by Alex La Belle CGCS Perhaps we should change the title to OGSA August 19 Th. at the GTI. The third portion of the Border Cities Meeting and almost Golf Day. Yes, the meeting involved an update of the new proposals unfortunate truth is that we got rained out with regarding pesticide licensing. It was a very regards to the golf but had a very interesting meeting interesting debate with comments from all corners of thanks to Rob Witherspoon of the GTI and Steven the room and both sides of the border. Although Hall of S.H. Agents Ltd. Steven was the friendly lad nothing new is forthcoming from Queen's Park taking everyone's shoes and doing away with their spikes! It's not really as nefarious as it would seem. Steven was there at the request of the OGSA to covert everyone's' shoes to soft spikes. The OGSA, following the entreaties of David Oatis (USGA) at last year's Green Chairman/Superintendent tournament, decided to cover the cost of outfitting every golfer with a set of soft spikes before tee off time which turned into tea off time. Although most of us didn't get a chance to test the new grippers that about posting, the topic did come up and it was decided that somewhere between the American and Ontario legislations there might actually be some sensible alternative. Having already purchased enough prime rib for 90 golfers, we successfully filled the gap between the non-golf and an early dinner while the chef moved his entire schedule up three to four hours. This was no easy task and a tribute to a masterful chef. The staff were excellent! Seventy of us had stuck it out, day, I, for one, have developed a genuine fondness under foot of these patient people and an anxious, for them. disappointed Randy Hooper CGCS. Randy and his t's not only the reduced damage to greens that staff had worked their tails off to provide us with a result but, as Steven's presentation showed, less great day of golf only to have everyone's hopes damage to cart paths, benches, carts, floors and dampened by a downpour and continuous drizzle. timbers to mention just a few other items that add up After the educational portion and a sumptuous meal $$$, if you know what I mean. I'm not a particularly Ian Bowen and Jerry Richard deftly handled a elegant golfer, having been known to occasionally seemingly endless draw for the prizes. lash from the top, and I have yet to experience any Towards the end of the meal, Randy, who had been slippage of my feet. My game is another story! The running in and out all day assessing conditions, said OGSA is considering the possibility of providing we could venture out on foot if we wished. Many soft spikes at other events as well. We would deserts were spared! appreciate your comments along this line. Hopefully the weather will become more Rob Witherspoon gave us a preview of what we cooperative in the future. can expect to see this year at the Research Day on Georgian Bay Superintendents at The Devil's Paintbrush. By Alex La Belle CGCS. The first event of the Georgian Bay since it was built. Superintendent's Association was kicked off at the Randy Fielder from Bonaire Golf Club organized Devil's Paintbrush on a beautiful sunny day this past the day and kept us moving to the tee in foursomes May 21st and was no trivial pursuit! It was the first without a gap, moving groups like a professional trip to the Paintbrush for many of us and, without juggler. President Ron Heesen, from Monterra Golf exception, everyone was impressed with the Club, was master of ceremonies distributing a breathtaking scenery and magnificant course bountiful table of prizes generously donated by industry suppliers and purchases from the Pro Shop. Not enough can be said of the suppliers who have, since the GBSA's inception, supported and promoted the superintendents of the Georgian Bay area unwaveringly. The next event will be at Gary Gravett's course, Saugeen Golf Club, where you will be treated to a tour of the new nine holes recently completed. Gary will have a presentation prepared outlining some of the many adventures he encountered in expanding his track. If the rest of the events are anything like this one ( and I'm sure they will be ), you're in for some fine golf, excellent friendship and beautiful scenery. conditions. Keep Your Probably the most striking feature to immediately capture our eyes was the mile upon mile of rock wall piled meticulously. It winds like a Slfers G o miling rythmic gymnast's ribbon over the hills and through With The the valleys drawing one's thoughts to the hills of COMPU- Ireland. Scaresly a tree stands among the fescue but Spray! cavernous sod wall bunkers dot the landscape Mosquitoes on the golf course can be a yawning to swallow errant shots. The Penncross problem, but with the compu-spray from greens are short, lean and fast with undulations that Rittenhouse Sprayers you can realize a significant drop in mosquito levels. dare you to defy gravity. The fescue fairways pitch The system provides mosquito control back and forth, side to side, and seem to keep your for up to a 1 acre area. The system ball rolling forever. At this time of year we were also keeps track of wind forgiven by the fescue roughs standing at only four direction, time and has a inches. It will be a much different story come July wind sensor which can be set to disable spraying and August! when wind is blowing in Ken Wright was the perfect host and we were the direction of the club­ treated like royalty by the smartly attired, smiling, house or other congenial staff. Ken also looks after the Devil's sensitive areas. Pulpit, the first of these sister courses separated by three miles of rolling farm land on the Niagara Escarpment just north west of Toronto. In fact you can see the skyline of Toronto and the CN Tower Clubs, Clothing and Accessories courtesy of Nevada Bob’s', St. Catharines from the many elevated tees around the course. Dr. R.R.#3, 1402 FOURTH AVE., ST. CATHARINES, ONT. L2R 6P9 Michael Hurdzan designed both courses and the first 1-800-461-1041 • (905) 684-8122 • FAX (905) 684-1382 hole of the Pulpit has been a source of astonishment Economical Pole Frame Buildings For All Your Needs.... Building Systems Ltd. RURAL & COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS Call collect to Jack or Rick Brenzil for a Free Estimate... (905) 772-3551 (905) 388-6865 Over 30 Years Experience! GTI Update continued from page 4 Ever believe in a development of IPM services in Ontario. OMAFRA Turf Advisor Pam Charbonneau product so much you is co-ordinating the effort. The rain and snow did stop long enough in April for us to get a first cut of the want to write an ad? research greens on the weekend of April 27- 28. We lost some of the perennial ryegrass Gordon Witteveen, areas over the winter - particularly in poorly Superintendent of drained spots. Activity has picked up on the Toronto’s Board of site as researchers begin to layout new Trade course did - research plots and collect data from and here, word for overwintered experiments. word - is what he A new initiative this year is the GTI wrote about his Fertilizer Performance Trials. We have success with Nutrite contacted all of the fertilizer suppliers we Professional Quality could find in various trade show guides and Fertilizers. source books to enter their products. We are planning both Kentucky bluegrass and "I have been feeding my turf with Nutrite fertilizers longer bentgrass trials. It is an opportunity for turf than I care to remember. managers to see a variety of products At times, I must confess, I have tried other products, available on the market in a head-to-head but I always come back to Nutrite! performance trial. We will be recording a At the Board of Trade we start every season on regular number of observations including colour greens, and very rarely need a temporary. response (using both visual assessment and With Nutrite products in my arsenal, the grass is always the new digital colorimeter), quality, A-1 in the spring." uniformity, density, weed infestation, temperature and drought stress response, disease incidence and winter survival, injury and spring green-up in 1997. The Gordon Witteveen, Golf Course Superintendent The Board of Trade Country Club is recognized as results will be made available to turf one of Canada’s best maintained courses and Nutrite Professional Quality Fertilizers are a part of its success. managers and the plots will be part of the Make Nutrite a part of your growing success. Whether you are a golf course superintendent, landscaper, research field day on August 19th. We hope grounds manager or a lawn care operator, Nutrite helps build pride and reputation - from the ground up. to expand the role of the GTI in providing unbiased, scientifically-based evaluation of Call today for details on the complete range of Nutrite Professional Quality Fertilizers products available to turf managers. British Columbia Alberta Manitoba Ontario Quebec (514)462-2555 Maritimes (418)689-4759 (604)864-9044 (403)273-5352 (204)633-6205 (800)265-8865 THE RE-GRASSING PROJECT AT LOOKOUT POINT COUNTRY CLUB OR YES, I AM THE GREEN CHAIRMAN, CAN'T YOU TELL BY THE ROPE-BURNS ONMY NECK? By Doug Geddie, Green Chairman- CONTINUED FROM APRIL ISSUE Continued on page 8 In the spring of 1993, when the snow melted about our course conditions and in attempting to from our fairways at Lookout Point, the golf course offer suggestions, I asked if we could schedule our looked awful. We were covered with Pink Snow annual USGA Greens Section course inspection Mould and the amount of dead grass on the fairways earlier to get some outside advice. was unbelievable. Having sat on the green David Oatis of the USGA paid us a visit in June committee for several years, this was my first year as and immediately suggested that we were sitting on a Chairman. Our Superintendent was despondent time bomb known as poa annua. He explained the shallow-rooted, prodigious poa was a weak, disease prone grass that would wilt in the summer heat and die with the winter ice. Great games... "Until you get rid of it, you are sitting on a time bomb that can go off at anytime," he said. need great turf. "Without endless water, fertilizer and For fast, quick green up before tournaments use fungicides in the summer, you just won't have acceptable fairways at the height we cut Ferromec • promotes dark green colour in 24 hours fairways today. And next spring can be just as disastrous as this one. You simply have to •provides greening, without the growth consider a re-grassing program, and make a Green Cross/Solaris dramatic introduction of bentgrass to your Telephone: (905) 507-9628 Fax: (905) 507-9634 course." He then went on to explain the steps A Unit of Monsanto Canada Inc. ® FERROMEC is a registered trademark of PBI Gordon Corp. ® GREEN CROSS is a registered trademark of in a re-grassing program: killing the existing Monsanto Company, Monsanto Canada Inc., licensee. plant grass with chemicals, bringing in a seeding company to sow bentgrass seed, and waiting six to eight weeks for the new grass to germinate and grow. I was almost speechless, but I did stammer that there was no way on earth that our members would tolerate an interruption in their playing schedule to accommodate this sort of major renovation. We have a very active membership and every outside tournament results in some grumbling from members who resent interruption in their daily game. What we were talking about was closing the course for at least four days to chemically kill the fairways, re-seeding them and waiting six to eight weeks for new bentgrass fairways to grow in. I really did not think such an action was tolerable. With a list of other courses that had tried major fairway renovations, our Distributed by; Superintendent, Aldo Bortolon and I headed Allturf Ltd. Ontario Seed out for a day in Toronto to inspect three 1-800-263-1293 (519) 886-0557 McCracken Golf Supplies Inc. Ontario Turf Equipment Co. courses. Our first stop was Islington Golf Club (905) 846-7178 (519)452-3540 and a meeting with course Superintendent, Wayne Rath. He took us out to look at fairways that took my breath away. They were like The Grassing Project continued from page 8 green carpet with their even colour and uniform had to undertake a bentgrass program at our golf growth. Islington had used a variety of approaches course. The question remained about the politics. to re-grass. Initially they applied Roundup to three How could we introduce this drastic re-grassing fairways, and re-seeded with bentgrass. project and get our members to not only understand With that success two more fairways were re­ but support the program. grassed using the chemical approach a year later. Our first step was a discussion with the Board of Wayne also introduced increased bentgrass to some Directors, and they were very supportive. They fairways without chemicals by aerifying and slit agreed that we needed to hold a general meeting and seeding. Continued on page 16 Some fairways he did not touch due to their healthy condition. We concluded that Lookout Point would need more extensive surgery. Our next stop was St. Georges' Golf Club and their course Superintendent, John Gall. Two years before, St. Georges' had done exactly what we were considering. They closed the course, applied glyphosate or Roundup to kill the existing grass plants, brought in a contractor to re-seed with Penneagle bentgrass seed and re-opened after a week to allow the membership to play from the first cut of rough. They kept their players off the fairways for six weeks. John had extensive photographs of the program and they did a lot to convince me that this was a project for us to consider. Most telling were two photographs on the wall of his office - one taken the spring before they started, and the second a year later. The blotchy "before" picture was shocking next to the uniform green fairways of a year later. John was also candid in discussing the politics of the situation. There is more to extensive course maintenance than pounds of seed and litres of For... outstanding residual control of dollar spot, chemicals. There is the approval of the Green snow mold and other turf diseases Committee, above them the Board of Directors and above them the membership. John admitted that their membership meetings to NEW Banner • systemic fungicide make the members aware of the need for the • available in a unique 5 Ljug re-grassing were very lively. • ideal tank mix partner with Daconil® Finally, we visited Oakdale and met with Green Cross / Solaris the Dean of Superintendents, Paul Dermott. Telephone: (905) 507-9628 Fax: (905) 507-9634 A Unit of Monsanto Canada Inc. Paul had been agressivley attacking Poa for ® BANNER is a registered trademark of Ciba Geigy Canada. ® DACONIL is a registered trademark of ISK Biosciences Corporation. ® GREEN CROSS is a registered trademark of years, by aerifying, aerifying, aerifying and Monsanto Company, Monsanto Canada Inc., licensee. overseeding with bentgrass. Oakdale had Distributed by; chosen the non-chemical approach, "There is Allturf Ltd. McCracken Golf Supplies Inc. Ontario Seed no question, that if I could do it again with a 1-800-263-1293 (905) 846-7178 (519) 886-0557 one-time attack on the course, that is the way I would go," he stated. He endorsed our plans. The day in Toronto convinced me that we have learned many of my golf course management SUPERINTENDENTS STORY skills from a previous superintendent. Similarly, I by Mike Courneya will pass my management skills on to my assistant, foreman and staff. Exactly one year ago I became the golf course superintendent of Loyalist Country Club Estates. So, when I sit in my office today and evaluate my Since then many things have happened to show past performance, I must keep in mind that any mistakes made and success' achieved that will help improvements I make will be passed on to my staff. me to improve myself in the upcoming year. In turn, they will pass these improvements on in However, before I can make improvements I have to some way. As a result the turf industry as a whole evaluate my skills as a people manager, a turf will benefit. manager and a financial manager. Where did I learn these skills and who taught them to me? Often I hear people say, "I want to make a difference in this troubled world". Well, as golf Experts would say managerial skills become course superintendents, here is a chance to make that evident early in life depending on how people are difference. Evaluate your operation, make changes raised by their parents. I am not an expert, but I that will improve yourselves, your staff and your agree that our parents do have a lot to do with our environment; these improvements will be carried on personalities. However, once we leave the "nest" and the future will thank you. and are on our own, we must learn many skills, including management skills, from the people around us. I am fortunate in the fact that I was an assistant WOGSA NEWS The first meeting was held at the Brock Golfland superintendent at Markland Wood Country Club in Etobicoke where I was surrounded by people who on May 6, 1996 as our season starts with a bang. were excellent managers. There was an equipment Thirty nine members were treated to a great day of manager who gave me information that I use every golf and fellowship by Walt Windjack and his staff. day. Also, the superintendent, Rob Ackerman, was Ted Bishop was first to the table with a fine round of an excellent teacher for me to work with. He openly 65, Tim Coates won low net. shared all of his people management, turf John Taylor was named the new president of the management and financial management skills so WOGSA, as very long time president O.J. "John that I could learn as much as possible. He let me Piccolo passed on the gavel. Putting more emphasis make mistakes (not too many!) and reviewed them so I could correct the problem. To both people I am on the meeting aspect of our days will be taylor's grateful for the knowledge they have passed on. immediate focus. Joining the Board will be Gavin Lellogg of Tyandaga GC. Gavin and Steve will The purpose of this article is to point out that I handle meeting preparation and scoring for all meeting dates. TURFGRASS EXCELLENCE Home lawns to country estates, from parks to playgrounds...football fields to golf courses... land reclaiming to sod production...you can count on Oseco turfgrass cultivars for top performance. Need a specially blended grass seed mixture or packaged seed for retail sale? Talk to the turfseed specialists from Oseco. TEL: (905) 846-5080 210 Wanless Dr., Brampton, Ont. L6V 1A1 1-800-668-5080 FAX: (905) 846-6909 Fungicide Resistance in Turfgrass Pathogens in Ontario by Tom Hsiang, Pathologist, Guelph Turfgrass Institute TERRANEB® SP TURF FUNGICIDE ... INTRODUCTION Turfgrass managers are always concerned about the the only control development of fungicide resistance. In Canada, we for Pythium Blight!! have relatively few fungicides compared to the U.S. and we need to ensure that the activity of our registered products remains efficacious. In this article, we will look at what fungicide resistance is, how it develops, some history of its occurrence with turfgrass pathogens, and ways of managing fungicide resistance. FUNGICIDE USE FOR TURF PATHOGENS American statistics show that the turf fungicide market is larger than for any other single crop, and that golf course putting greens receive the most intensive use of fungicides. Similar statistics are not available for Canada, but they are likely to be similar for the intensity of fungicide use compared to During high adjacent American States. temperatures, high humidity WHAT IS FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE? Fungicides usually act by inhibiting an important & wet weather process in fungi such as cell division conditions, (benzimidazoles), sterol formation (DMI fungicides), Pythium Blight can devastate turf or other general metabolic activities in fungi within 24 to 48 hours. (dicarboximides). Within populations of fungi, there many particular individuals that are mutants and can tolerate a larger dose of the fungicide than their Be prepared, protect your turf with normal relatives. In these mutants, some process is Terraneb® SP! altered so that the fungicide either does not penetrate to the site of action within the organism, or the site of action is altered so that the fungicide cannot fully exert its effect. An individual that is resistant to a particular fungicide generally will show resistance to another fungicide that has the same mode of action. For example, benomyl (Tersan) and thiophanate- Your full service supplier of Plant-Prod methyl (Easout) have the same mode of action, and fertilizers, pest control products & turf supplies. organisms resistant to one will show cross-resistance to the other one. Another major group of fungicides Plant Products Co. Ltd. which shows cross-resistance are the DMI fungicides 314 Orenda Rd., Brampton, Ontario L6T 1G1 such a propiconazole (Banner) and myclobutanil (905) 793-7000 or 1-800-387-2449 FAX (905) 793-9157 ® Trademark of Kincaid Enterprises, Inc. continued on page 14 O.G.S.A. BUL ETIN TEL: (416)236-1001 ALBION FAX: (416) 236-4654 1996 OGSA GOLF & MEETINGS GOLF CARS AND TURF EQUIPMENT A DIVISION OF C .I. MCDONALD CO. LTD 29 ADVANCE ROAD TORONTO. ONTARIO M8Z 2S6 PRESIDENT/GREENS CHAIRMAN BRUCE MCDONALD SUPERINTENDENT/DIRECTOR: Monday July 22,1996 Angus Glen Golf Club Host: Earnie Amsler GTI SUMMER FIELD: Monday August 19,1996 Galt Country Club Host: Mark Piccolo 1996 WOGSA GOLF & MEETINGS Corrie Almack, P.Ag. Almack & Associates June 3,1996 Box 256, Carlisle, Ontario LOR 1H0 905-689-6174 Rockway Glen Host: Andre Pelletier July 15,1996 Beaverdale Golf Club Host: Bob Wall ♦ Turface MVP, Moundmaster ♦ Turf & Tree Fertilizers August TBA ♦ Pest Control Products Twenty Valley Golf Club Plant Products Co. Ltd., Brampton Host: John Taylor (905) 793-7000 or (800) 387-2449 FAX (905) 793-9157 Sept 24,1996 Brantford Golf & Country Club Host: Rick Piccolo OTTAWA VALLEY TURFGRASS The Newsletter Editor wishes to apologize to ASSOCIATION Ken Wright, Course Superintendent of the OVTRF July 8 Devil's Paintbrush for the misspelling of the Outaouais Golf Club golf course's name in the last issue. Host: Gary Robillard OTTAWA VALLEY TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION EXECUTIVE DAY: August 12 PROFESSIONAL TURF PRODUCTS Royal Ottawa Golf Club Rob Field Host: Stephen Verrall Ontario Sales Manager - PTP Tel: (905)541-8872 Fax: (905)632-2158 P.O. Box 1148, Hwy. #59 S., Woodstock, Ontario N4S 8P6 FALL FIELD DAY: October 4 Customer Service 1-800-268-2806 Hylands Golf Club Host: Charles Guy Contact: France Lacelle Phone: (613) 443-0027 David B. Dick Jeff McMaster Fax: (613) 443-0103 The O.M. Scott & Sons Company The O.M. Scott & Sons Company 1864 39 Monte Vista Trail Bowler Drive Pickering, Brampton, Ontario L6Z 3E4 Ontario L1V 3E4 Telephone: Fax + Telephone (905) 846-3319 (905) 839-6526 1-800-543-0006 GEORGIAN BAY SUPERINTENDENT S ASSOCIATION June 11 Saugeen Golf Club Host: Gary Gravett DAVID HOLMES July 23 TRENCHING, GREEN SHAPING Marlwood Golf Club ROTO TILLING EXPERT TRAP CONSTRUCTION Host: Don Campbell SMALL TREE SPADE SERVICE Telephone (519) 669-8412 ELMIRA August 15 Owen Sound Golf Club Host: Mark Schneider RICK SERRAO cgcs September 17 Muskoka Lakes Golf Club Host: James Flett Off: (905) 564-0520 15 -1050 Britannia Rd. Fax: (905)564-0519 Mississauga, Ontario Home: (905)578-1945 L4W 4N9 Fax: (905) 578-5764 Fungicide Resistance in Turfgrass Pathogens and Ohio. Iprodione (Rovral), which is a in Ontario by Tom Hsiang, continued from page 11 dicarboximide fungicide, was registered around 1980 for turfgrass diseases. Very soon after that, (Eagle). In laboratories we can often generate there were reports of field resistance for Fusarium mutants that are resistant to a fungicide, but usually patch in Washington, and for dollar spot in these mutants are weak-growing or lack some Michigan. There were also cases of multiple feature that would allow them to persist in the field. resistance to benomyl and iprodione involved in What we are really concerned with is the occurrence disease control failure for dollar spot in Michigan. of resistance in the field leading to disease control There have also been reports of resistance to failure when we make applications at normal rates metalaxyl, which is used to control Pythium and schedules. diseases. More recently, there have been several HOW DOES FUNGICIDE RESISTANCE ARISE? cases where dollar spot was not control by DMI When we use a fungicide, we impose a selection fungicides. These have been reported from Illinois, pressure on the fungi. Within fungal populations, Kentucky and Michigan. individuals which are able to withstand higher ANTI-RESISTANCE STRATEGIES amounts of fungicide can then survive and A case study on the development of DMI fungicide reproduce. The progeny of these resistant resistance illustrates some of the conditions that may individuals are also able to inherit the resistance to lead to disease control failure. At a golf course the particular fungicide. Other individuals which are outside of Chicago where resistant isolates were very sensitive may be totally inhibited or killed off found, an older variety of creeping bentgrass was by the fungicide. What differs between fungicides is used that was very susceptible to dollar spot. This the range of sensitivity that may be found within likely lead to greater frequency of fungicide use. populations. For some fungicides that are general Secondly, nitrogen levels were purposely kept low to metabolic inhibitors, the range between the most prevent the occurrence of other diseases such as sensitive and the least sensitive is likely very narrow. Pythium blight, which again may have contributed For other fungicides, there may be a wide range with to greater fungicide use. Thirdly, DMI fungicides the least sensitive isolates able to tolerate very high were used extensively for several years. doses without adverse effect. It is this latter group of Researchers in Michigan recommend that the use of fungicides where resistance may develop. DMI fungicides be limited when dollar spot disease HISTORY OF RESISTANCE IN TURF PATHOGENS is most severe to reduce selection pressures for There are several fungicides to which no field resistant isolates. General recommendations to resistance has developed. These are fungicides that prevent DMI resistance problems in fungi include: 1) contain active ingredients such as thiram (Thiram, not using repeated applications of DMI alone; 2) Arrest), chlorothalonil (Daconil), and quintozene. using mixtures or alternating with non-DMI These types of fungicides are usually protectants and fungicides; 3) reserving DMI use for the critical part act by inhibiting a wide range of metabolic processes of the season; 4) using label rates rather than reduced within the fungus. The turf fungicides to which doses; and 5) using other measures such as resistant resistance has developed in the past are systemic varieties and cultural practices. fungicides. Before the introduction of systemics, the RESEARCH AT THE GUELPH TURFGRASS most commonly used fungicides were probably INSTITUTE dithiocarbamates such as thiram. There have been There have been few confirmed reports of fungicide no major concerns about field resistance to these resistance for turfgrass pathogens in Canada. In our older compounds. annual field trials for fungicide control of dollar spot Benzimidazole fungicides such as benomyl (Tersan) disease, we found that benomyl failed to control the were introduced in the late 1960's. They provided disease after we switched testing for a year to excellent control of many turfgrass diseases, and another range of turfgrass, although it worked well their use was very widespread. Very soon the year before and the year after. Subsequently, we afterwards, there were reports of disease control found out that benomyl resistance had been failure for dollarspot disease in Pennsylvania. By the encountered in that field 10 years previously and late 1980's there were reports of disease control that no benomyl had been used on that range since failure with benomyl for anthracnose in Michigan then. continued on page 15 PRO / SUPER TOURNAMENT HELD AT GLEN ABBEY GOLF CLUB Rain, Rain, Rain and more Rain, seems to be the spring, had the course in fine condition . The Club theme for this years O. G. S. A. events. The House staff provided the players with a hot buffet in Professional / Superintendent event was held at the the afternoon and prizes were awarded to the Glen Abbey Golf Club on Friday May 10. Early tee winning teams. times were the key in completing the event as a third LOW GROSS TEAMS of the 40 teams were unable to finish their round as 1st Scott Dyker / David Miller from Beverly heavy rains and thunder and lighting forced the Golf Club -155 players to the club house. Course superintendent, 2nd Ted DeCorso / Vince Cianfagna from Dean Baker, despite our harsh winter and cold wet Victoria Park West - 159 3rd Dan Lavis / John Davis from Ingersoll Golf Club -159 LOW NET TEAMS 1st Ray Richards / Brian French from Mad River Golf Club - 62 2nd Rob Stevens / Brian Hutton from Conestoga Golf Club - 64 3rd Steve Hallard / Al Patterson from Cedar Brae Golf Club - 65 LOW GROSS SUPERINTENDENT Robbie Robinson from Hidden Lakes Golf Club - 79 LOW NET SUPERINTENDENT Pelino Scenna from Burlington Golf Club - 68 LOW GROSS PROFESSIONAL 1st David Miller from Beverly Golf Club - 69 2nd Brian French from Mad River Golf Club -71 LONGEST DRIVE Wayne Rath from Islington G.C. Fungicide Resistance in Turfgrass Pathogens in Ontario Tee up... Propiconazole (Banner), a DMI fungicide became registered for use on turfgrass in a proven performer on the 1994. Because of the recent discovery of golf course DMI-resistant isolates of the dollar spot Easout • controls dollar spot, brown patch, fusarium patch, pathogen in the Great Lakes States, there was great concern that resistance would develop in Ontario. We started a study in 1994 to look and pink snow mold at baseline sensitivity of the dollar spot •same fungitoxic component as Tersan 1991 pathogen to DMI fungicides. From eight Green Cross / Solaris locations throughout southern Ontario, Telephone: (905) 507-9628 Fax: (905) 507-9634 A Unit of Monsanto Canada Inc. we've found that most populations of the ® EASOUT is a registered trademark of Ciba Geigy Canada. ® GREEN CROSS and SOLARIS are registered trademarks of dollar spot pathogen are sensitive to DMI Monsanto Company, Monsanto Canada Inc., licensee. ©TERSAN is a registered trademark of Dupont Canada Inc. fungicides. However, there is one population near the American border that has reduced Distributed by; Allturf Ltd. Ontario Seed Ontario Turf Equipment Co. sensitivity to DMI fungicides and we suspect 1-800-263-1293 (519) 886-0557 (519) 452-3540 that there has been previous exposure to DMI fungicides in this population. Our studies are continuing by examining the effects of various fungicide regimes on the development of DMI fungicide resistance. The Re-grassing Project continued from page 9 and with the usual promotion and publication, the and with due counsel from our solicitors, we chose to meeting was held in the first week of October. The ignore the requisition. In the flurry of politics that meeting was packed, and those who attended heard was unfolding, we arranged a meeting with the two from two key speakers; David Oatis of the USGA, ring-leaders of the petition and their lawyer. The who gave a wonderful address about the change in meeting was a good opportunity to clear the air and golf course management over the years. John Gall many things were said. No further meetings, brought his slides showing the program of re­ petitions or general shareholders meetings were grassing at St. Georges', I did not know what to held. Continued on page 17 expect from that meeting and at times I feared the worst, but the informative presentations and knowledgeable comments from David and John went a long way toward educating and showing our members just what was involved. The questions were varied and we stayed until they all had been answered. The right approach to control clover, chickweed, dandelion, The next step was the annual meeting. The plantain and many other common weeds in turf Board of Directors went forward with a proposal to implement the re-grassing project in August 1994, and on a snowy winter night Killex in January of that year that decision was communicated to the membership. I did a slide Summer Formula • specifically formulated for use on "sensitive" (bent) grass show at the annual meeting detailing the steps • specifically formulated to minimize odor during and after application involved, the schedule and the costs. This Green Cross / Solaris Telephone: (905) 507-9628 Fax: (905) 507-9634 would be the time and place for objections, but A Unit of Monsanto Canada Inc. ® GREEN CROSS, KILLEX SUMMER FORMULA AND SOLARIS to my surprise there were very few questions. are registered trademarks of Monsanto Company, Monsanto Canada Inc., licensee. The 1994 playing season began at Lookout Point uneventfully. Our newsletters carried up-dates on the re-grassing program, and we tried to deal with the many rampant rumours by publishing a Q&A section about the program, addressing the concerns that were raised. As summer unfolded, the club rumour mill began to work overtime. There would be a court order or injunction to stop the proceedings. A petition was underway. We heard it all. The fact that the program was about to happen had the 19TH hole abuzz with comments as members became aware that the re-grassing project was imminent. In fact, on June 17, we received a requisition signed by 46 members asking for a General Meeting to approve several resolutions. Most notably, that the Board Distributed by; should "prove the re-seeding program was Allturf Ltd. Ontario Seed 1-800-263-1293 (519) 886-0557 necessary." Hadn't we already done that? McCracken Golf Supplies Inc. Ontario Turf Equipment Co. Hadn't we had two general meetings dealing (905) 846-7178 (519)452-3540 with the need for this program? The Board decided that it was not about to be deterred from its' plans by a splinter group On Tuesday, August 2, Aldo Bortolon filled his present the facts to the Board and the membership. It sprayer tank with Roundup and began to spray the may not make you popular, but it is often necessary. fairways. The club was closed to golfers. On The facts of a re-grassing project are clear. Wednesday, August 3, Gord Dol of Dol Seeding Bentgrass is a preferable golf course turf. Teaching pulled up to the maintenance barn with two tractors your members this fact is a serious task that deserves and huge seeding machines. He made some a great deal of attention in order to make them equipment adjustments and tried a few passes across understand and approve of your actions. our fairways. On Thursday, the seeding began. We seeded in two directions for two full days. On A FEW FAST FACTS Saturday, we opened for play, advising the - The cost of the project? $25,693.00 including membership that if their ball landed on the fairway, Roundup chemical, Penncross seed and the Dol they should take it to the first cut of rough and Seeding contractor's services. continue play. In those early days, the course did not - Knowing that we were going to re-seed the look all that different but as the Roundup did its' job, fairways, we brought in the course architect, Thomas the fairways turned yellow as the existing grass McBroom, to help us re-contour the fairways in the plants died. Later little plant seedlings began to poke spring. The new contours were cut early to allow the through and with daily inspections we willed the fairways to grow in their new pattern before the grass out of the ground. John Gall had given us some glyphosate was applied. advice - "Don't look at it too much, it will drive you - Play fell during the eight weeks of the project, crazy." He was right. although many continued to play daily. On the PGA By September we had green haze on the golf tour 67% of the players hit the fairways. Our course. On September 22, Dave Oatis made an members found playing from the first cut was not all inspection and with his approval we allowed the continued on page 19 golfers back onto the fairways, eight weeks after we had initiated the project. In the spring of 1995, the golf course looked wonderful. We had our best winter in years, and with spring growth, our fairways steadily improved (although the amount of spring seed heads from the poa annua had some members convinced the program had been a failure). It has now been about a year. Our fairways have never looked better and with careful maintenance we are nurturing our bentgrass and starving the poa. Even a few of our former petitioners are heard to say that the course looks wonderful. In retrospect I think we did the right thing. I am sorry that some of our members were so upset, but they were just as upset when the Board decided to install an inground watering system and renovate the clubhouse. Golfers are just like anyone else - they resist change and fear the unknown. Golf courses are living places that constantly evolve and change. Trees grow, maintenance practises change, the playing conditions vary. A golf course needs constant supervision and occasionally a hard decision must be faced to maintain the playing conditions and integrity of a golf course. Therein lies the role of the Green Chairman. It is his or her task to learn about maintenance practises, to study recommendations from the superintendent and to PARTNERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Report on a workshop on Environmental Management Initiatives Undertaken by Golf Courses Through a Partnership Approach On March 26th, 1996, at the Aurora Highlands thrust of Bob's talk was, however, a caution to first Golf Club, the Audubon Society, the Lake Simcoe get a sense of where your particular piece of land fits Region Conservation Authority, and Metro Toronto into the bioregional landscape. None of us can do Region Conservation Authority jointly sponsored a everything; therefore, the best approach is to try to workshop on Environmental Management for golf link up with the surrounding greenspaces, course superintendents, owners, business groups, concentrate on projects that are appropriate in this and resource persons. Its aim was to form networks context, and not to become overwhelmed by trying to support the efforts of course personnel involved to do everything. Mike Walters (Manager of in environmental management; to acquaint Environmental Services, LSRCA) and Dave Conservation Authorities of Rogalsky (Acting the concerns of those Coordinator of Resource involved; and finally to Management Projects, inform participants of MTRCA) both told us of existing programs that could various programs and support these efforts - so expertise they offer to they wouldn't have to support environmental reinvent the wheel. management. Bernie The keynote speaker was McIntyre closed by giving John Santacrose, the vice- us an idea of the diverse president of the Audubon requirements of fish Society of New York who habitats - especially spoke on the Audubon appropriate since the Oak Cooperative Sanctuary Ridges Moraine is the Program and the role of the newly chartered headwaters of much of Lake Ontario's and Lake Audubon Canada. Paul Scenna then spoke on why Simcoe/Georgian Bay's rivers and streams. golf courses should get involved in environmental It was a long day, but evaluation of the closing management. The concept of fostering partnerships questionnaire indicated almost unanimously that between Conservation Authorities and the golf the workshop was worthwhile, the format was course industry was addressed by both Gayle Wood, balanced, and that participants would support chief administrative officer of LSRCA, and Joan another such workshop. Making future workshops King, councilor, and member of MTRCA. A more interactive will, however, be a priority. Some of presentation of actual projects implemented by Paul the other comments from participants make up the Dermott illustrated some of the difficulties and rest of the article. successes involved in working toward the recent full Future topics / programs in which there was the certification of his course, the Oakdale Golf and most interest include (in order): Wildlife Habitat / Country Club. Naturalization, Water Quality / Conservation, After opening presentations, superintendents Public Education / Relations / Involvement / had the opportunity to discuss their concerns in Partnerships, and IPM. With the support of the small groups and report back to the group at large. Audubon Society, I will be working on developing From later comments, I feel there was not enough three (Wildlife habitat/Naturalization, Water time for the formal exchange of concerns, though Quality/Conservation, and IPM. The Public lunch was successfully designed to encourage Education, Relations, Involvement and Partnerships informal networking. will become an integral component of each of the The afternoon program was led off by Bob workshops. John Santacrose will also be seeking Johnston from the Metro Toronto Zoo. The Zoo, also, credit status toward Environmental Management for is working on different aspects of restoration of each of these. No date has been determined as yet. natural areas and have several programs that would The main barriers to getting involved in be of great assistance to superintendents. The main environmental management were ones that PARTNERS IN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT... Continued hopefully can be mitigated. The most commonly than a lot poorly - or even worse, end up with a mentioned concerns, time and manpower, cannot be member backlash and have to backtrack. Over and overcome except by tackling the program one step at over came the request for more information - a time, but I have been gathering lists of resources, develop resource lists, hold more workshops like expertise, and existing programs that at least reduce this, but make them more technical, and how-to. the time needed for "research". The need for more There is an real need to get management involved. information about resources can be addressed Without their support, there is only so much that can through newsletters such as this, and some be done. And finally, most recognized the need to get Conservation Authorities will be carrying involved with the community. Maybe we will have information on the Audubon work in order to to make the moves. What are the areas best suited to explain our efforts to the pubic. For those of you superintendents' time and skills? who use e-mail and the Internet (and I strongly COMMUNICATION !!! was the theme of this encourage you to learn), this information will be workshop. How will we know if it was successful? readily available for you to access, ask questions, ... by the number of new courses joining the and exchange information. It is hoped that this will Audubon Program, the number of calls to be available through Audubon Canada. Regarding Conservation Authorities for information and/or the economics of the work, many superintendents assistance, by increased numbers of projects on your have documented substantial savings from courses, achievement of certification in different environmental management. In our case, much of categories, and above all by the increased confidence the work has been done by volunteers, materials of superintendents to educate members and the have been scrounged, and expertise has been public about the valuable ecological potential of golf generously donated. While there is no question that courses to maintain water quality, add to the region's major work will require outlay of time and money, wildlife habitat, and set an example for an inventory of your own resources will help environmental management. prioritize what projects you can undertake. by Barbara Allan-Shaw The lack of support (from management, members, (e-mail: es051117@orion.yorku.ca) community) is a very real, and legitimate concern. As most of the superintendents indicated, they don't need personal incentives, they are already interested; but getting support from golfers and management is The Grassing Project continued from page 17 a slow process. There is, however, much that can be done, and for each of the projected future that difficult. workshops, specifics will be shared on how to - When the course was closed we seized the involve the pubic in supporting your work. opportunity to put our own men to work and One of the questions asked "How can the Audubon managed to aerify, topdress and overseed all our Canada be made most relevant?" Participants tees and greens. This was a mid-season course responded with the request that the program and maintenance bonus. resources be structured with a regional Canadian - There's seven million seeds in a pound of content. This is being addressed through studies bentgrass. We applied 1,800 pounds of seed. From commissioned by the RCGA last year, though I the arithmetic alone you know this project will be haven't seen results yet. My work for the past two successful. years has resulted in an emphasis on Southern - Bentgrass requires less water. Our hydro bill Is Ontario, in particular the GTA. However, many of $1,000 lower this year because of the reduction of the the principles of environmental management apply pumping of water through the watering system to equally well across the country. maintain the fairways. The final questions asked what the next steps should - The support and information available from other be for those interested in working on environmental golf courses and particularly from the management. Wisely, many answered that it was Superintendents was an invaluable resource. important to go slowly . It is better to do a little well, Introducing... TouchNet for OSMAC • Easy-to-use touch-screen interface = no computer • Sophisticated Hydraulic Management • Economical Radio Control TURF CARE Contact the Irrigation Department at 1-800-561-1432 for details. 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With Legacy. 800-347-4272 http://www.Rainaid.com Legacy available from Century Rain Aid in these Major Markets Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, North Carolina, South Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Washington D.C., Ontario Canada Computer Assisted Renovation By: Ian C. Andrew Ian Andrew is a golf architect with Carrick Design, based in Toronto, Ontario. Anyone involved in golf course renovations surface" and can be viewed from any angle. This knows the frustration of looking at a set of plans. surface is called a terrain model and has colours and Despite the efforts of the architect to explain all the textures applied to create rough, fairway, sand, details of their design, many people still can not water, etc. The result is a three dimension model of visualize the final product. How do you make a the changed hole, without trees. The trees are added decision based on the proposal's merit when you by placing digital photos of trees into the model. can't understand the drawings? This can be Once the 3-D model is completed, a "fly-through" overcome through sketches. By taking a photo of the program is required to copy the information into existing hole and placing it beside an accurate sketch video format. The fly-through program follows a of the same image, a person could now compare the designated path through the model, with a camera "before" (existing) to the "after" (proposed). taking still photos continuously, which, when run Let's take this concept one step further. A video together, produce a video image. opens with a view from the tee of the hole to be renovated. The trees and hillside framing the hole Computers in Golf Design are the same as the existing hole, but in the hillside are new fairway bunkers. The image now rises from Engineers and surveyors were the first eye-level to follow a golf ball's flight to the landing professionals to convert to computer assisted design area, then settles back to eye level and stops in view because it was faster and more accurate. While golf of the green site. Again, all the trees and mounds design does not demand the same level of accuracy, looks as they always have, except that there is a new details such as earth-moving quantities and pond fronting the green. Once again the image materials estimates are still required to get an follows the ball's flight, stopping at eye level just in accurate construction budget. The computer uses front of the green. The image now backs away the software to generate quantities, which reduces skyward to look down at the entire hole. This video the chance of human error in hand calculations. The contains all the trees, water and landforms of the computer is of greater benefit on larger scale projects existing hole accurately. Anyone who is familiar than on minor renovations. For a bunker renovation, with the hole could immediately imagine all the computer drawings are excessive, but for a green, proposed changes. This would make a decision the advantages are obvious. Where the computer based on the merits of any design easier to evaluate. really helps is visualizing a sensitive or controversial change. The Process Computers are not necessary for the future of golf course renovation; like drawings, they are still Creating a video is a simple series of steps. First, only a communications tool. Nothing can replace an accurate survey of the area to be renovated is good site direction and a talented shaper. Although, obtained. When loaded into the computer assisted with greens committees taking more interest in design software, the survey provides enough renovation projects, more accuracy is required in information to create a three dimensional image both budgeting and communicating the vision of the (without the existing trees.) The second step is to architect to achieve approvals. Contractors are being visit the site to make notes and take measurements asked to bid with more competitive prices, the only of existing features in order to improve the accuracy way this can be accomplished is through more of the image (in particular, the trees). These steps accurate drawings and quantity estimates to avoid provide an accurate view of the existing hole. The interpretation in bidding. Computers are capable of hole is then regraded and a new plan for the much more than this little glimpse into golf renovation is developed. There would still be a need renovation. The superintendent, like the architect, for plans. These plans are actually drawn by the must understand where a computer can help sell a computer in three dimensions, even though a renovation project. traditional plan is only an overhead view. The information is then converted from lines to a "3-D And no, you can't play it on your SEGA. Computer Assisted Renovation Your the future is here THE TORO REELMASTER FAMILY The newest, most productive means for mowing fairway grasses of any kind, at any time, with the quality of cut Ontario has come to expect from Toro and Turf Care Products INTRODUCING THE REELMASTER 6700-D A breakthrough in fairway mower technology! • Powerful & Highly Productive • All New Cutting System Design • Exceptional Operator Control • Durably and Reliably Built • Servicing Benefits Galore BOOK YOUR DEMO NOW! TURF CARE 200 PONY DRIVE, NEWMARKET, ONTARIO L3Y 7B6 PHONE (905) 836-0988 FAX (905) 836-6442