Green is Beautiful” Ontario Golf Superintendents Association SHAW CRESCENT - ETOBICOKE, ONTARIO M9C 3M4 - TELEPHONE 622-9929 MAY 1982 GALT FIELD DAY June 10 Hosts: Paul Scenna and Norm McCollum 8:30 Shot Gun 2 o’clock Cambridge Turf Plots PAUL SCENNA 6:30 Buffet Dinner Galt Country Club Cambridge, Ontario Cost: $25.00 per person ONTARIO GOLF SUPERINTENDENTS ASSOCIATION BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR 1982 PRESIDENT VICE PRESIDENT PAST PRESIDENT Bob Brewster Rusty Warkman Ken Nelson Weston Golf Club Oshawa Golf Club Sunningdale Golf Club DIRECTORS Al Draper Barry Endicott Bill Fach Greenhills Country Club Chinguacousy Country Club Essex Golf & Country Club Doug Hoskins John Hutchinson Robert Kennedy Summit Golf Club Warkworth Golf Club Garden City Golf Club Hugh Kirkpatrick Paul Scenna Torn Simpson Westmount Golf & Country Club Galt Country Club Newcastle Golf Club NEWSLETTER EDITOR Barry Endicott Chinguacousy Country Club, R.R. No. 1, Inglewood, Ontario LON 1K0, Phone: Bus. (416) 838-3903 Home (416) 838-2724 EVENTS’ 82 Galt Field Day and Turf Trials June 10 — Galt Country Club and Cambridge Turf Plots President, Greens Chairman, Superintendent Golf Tournament July 23 — London Hunt Club OTRF Golf Tournament August 6 — National Golf Club Pro-Super Golf Tournament August 13 — Weston Golf Club Supers' ON THE MOVE Profile Scott Dodson Chedoke Golf Course by John Hutchinson THE BULL SHEET, official publica­ Fred Currah — Kawartha Golf Club Steve Verrall — Cataraqui Golf Club tion of the MIDWEST ASSOCIA­ — Peterborough — Kingston TION OF GOLF COURSE SUPERINTENDENTS. Fred Currah, course Superintendent, Steve has been Ken Wright’s assistant was busy last fall expanding the parking at The National for the past three years. lot which is a good sign that the golfers Editor — Ray Gerber He has also worked with Steve Miller for must be enjoying the playing conditions. 4 years and for Dennis Pellrene at the Dear Ray, In 1982 he will be busy constructing a Abbey. I was scanning the local paper when an new practise fairway and teeing area for The Best of Success In Your article on skin cancer caught my eye. I 40 golfers. Also, he is rebuilding 1 tee and New Position. have been visiting a Dermatologist twice a green lowering mounds to accomodate year, for treatment of skin cancer on my modem equipment. Shorty Jenkins — Bay of Quinte — Belleville Golf Club cheeks and ears. The disease is common Fred tells me that he is also converting with people in outdoor work exposed to 3 pieces of equipment to propane. too much sunlight. One remedy is to Shorty is building 3 new tees, planting 1000 new trees and putting in 1600 feet apply a cream each morning, if you Bruce Burger — Dalewood Golf Club remember! — Port Hope. of new irrigation pipe and is planning to play more golf. Perhaps we encourage the dry scaly skin, and the possibility of skin cancer, by Bruce Burger is hoping to add addi­ coming in contact with the products we tional drainage lines in 1982. We can’t af­ Len Coward — Glen Lawrence Golf Club — Kingston use. When it’s hot, and we wipe the sweat ford to close the course because of localiz­ from our brow. How many of our faces ed wet areas, so we are going to try and Len has just moved to this golf club smart and burn from the drift of the eliminate the worst problem spots. from the Annandale Golf Club in Picker­ pesticides being added to the tank? ing. Prior to that he was Shorty Jenkins’ Thiram 75 is a sulfur compound. Warren Vout — Whitevale Golf Club assistant for 6 years. Mycoshield is a tetracycline formulation. The Best of Success In Your Both products were very popular in 1981. We would like to welcome Warren New Job. Could these pesticides be absorbed Vout and his wife Pat to the area. by our exposed flesh at levels that Warren was assistant Superintendent Wes Dixon — Pine Crest Golf Club — are dangerous? Do they accumulate in for Hugh Kirkpatrick at Westmount so he Peterborough our systems? We could be SAVING has certainly been well trained. He has THE TURF, and KILLING THE also worked at the Dalewood G.C. and Wes completed the installation of a new GREENKEEPER!! the Port Hope town club. complete irrigation system on fairways, Dudley Smith The Best of Success Warren tees and greens in 1981 and is looking forward to getting it into operation in Rusty Warkman — Oshawa Golf Club 1982. Wes has been involved in the golf O.G.S.A. Welcomes Prof. Lee Burpee business since 1948, so he can certainly to University of Guelph staff Rusty has had a busy 1981 season con­ offer a lot of practical advice to those who structing 6 new greens and 2 tees, as well know him. Wes’ son Bob is also involved 1971 B.A. Gettysburg College — Biology as, 40 new sand traps. The sand is being in the business. 1974 M.Sc. Pennstate University trucked in while the ground is frozen. —Nematology The greens were constructed to New Members 1978 Ph.D. Pennstate University U.S.G.A. specifications. The seed mix Garry Hall Six Foot Bay Golf Club, —Plant Pathology Turf Pathology used was 50% Penncross, 50% Lakefield 1978-82 Plant Pathologist Bermuda Emerald. Seeding was finished Oct. 10, Warren Vout Whitevale Golf Club, Dept of Agriculture and Fisheries 1981. Whitevale Turf Pathology Paul Brown Oshawa Golf Club, We are all looking forward to having a 1982 Assistant Professor University of Oshawa meeting here in 1982. Knowing Rusty, he J.L. Donahue Mike Donahue, Guelph Dept. of Environmental will have everything in top shape for his Contracting Thornhill Biology Turf Pathology members. soil-borne diseases of cereal crops Spring Meeting of ing in the fall seems to help prevent winter was Hugh Kirkpatrick with a 77 and the kill. Norm McCallum mentioned that low net Superintendent was Bill Glashan. O.G.S.A. and W.O.G.A. water sitting on greens in the winter Whirlpool Golf Club created problems in the spring. Norm also MEETING AT DOMINION Niagara Falls, Ont. invited everyone to attend the Cambridge GOLF CLUB Turf Plots on June 10. Paul Dermott ex­ by Robert Kennedy perimented with polyester fibre 12 ft. by by Bob Brewster 100 ft. strips on his greens with great Stephen Miller presided over the results in the spring with no kill or desicca­ Twenty four superintendents and their meeting and introduced Bob Brewster tion. The product is excelsior fibre (ero­ guests turned in nine hole cards for the president of the O.G.S.A. Bob com­ sion net) and it cost $200/8,000 sq. ft. opening meeting at Dominion Golf & plimented Bill Glashan (host) on superb greens. Chaffer was also a problem and Country Club. Only the back nine was putting greens. Winter kill throughout Roly Barnsley, Niagara Parks School of open due to winter damage and wet con­ Southern Ontario was the main turfgrass Horticulture, mentioned that chlordane ditions on the front nine. problem with several courses using tem­ gave no control. Diazinon gave a good Special thanks to Dorothy and Dan porary greens. Keith Nesbit said that this is fast kill when applied at the end of April Uzelac for their fine hospitality for the day. the worst conditions he has seen in years and early May. Keith Nesbitt announced The Ontario Superintendents won the and feels that some areas might require three O.T.R.F. projects. Labatts trophy and they were Dan Ardley resodding for best results. Dr. Lee 1. $4500 for chafer study; with 34, Paul Scenna with 37, Rick Cylka Burpee, a new pathologist at the Universi­ 2. microclimate effects on sand greens with 39 and Bruce Vollet with 41 for a ty of Guelph was introduced. Bill Glashan and total of 151. The Michigan Super­ puts snow fencing around his greens 3. survey of grass related industry. intendents Chris Meyers with 38, J. because of cross country skiers and feels Bob Heron spoke on the Canadian Golf Delcamp with 38, Kurt Kraly with 38 and that the extra snow prevents desiccation. Foundation. Ken Niblock with 40 for a total of 154. Hugh Kirkpatrick gets the same results by Many Superintendents and guests en­ Seventy eight superintendents and putting brush on his greens in the fall. joyed the fine golf course and beautiful their guests sat down to a steak dinner to John Piccolo feels that a heavy topdress­ weather. The low gross superintendent close the days festivities. 2 jor disease concern at the Hamilton Golf noted that not all stations issue reports for PREDICTING and Country Club on fairways since % Relative Humidity). We compared DISEASES THE 1978. We, like many other golf courses maximum, minimum and average daily HYGROTHERMOGRAPH found that we had developed a Benomyl temperature with the maximum, resistant strain of Dollar Spot and the minimum and average daily % relative By: Stuart G. Mills, CGCS resulting damage was quite severe. Some humidity records to determine if a correla­ Superintendent of the samples analysed by Dr. Steve tion existed between any two of these The Hamilton Golf & Country Club Fushtey at the University of Guelph were parameters and the onset of Dollar Spot. Ancaster, Ontario found to be resistant to 100 times the We found a positive correlation between recommended rates of Benomyl applica­ the maximum daily temperature and the J. Douglas Rothwell, B.A.M.Sc. tion. The cost of applying non-systemic maximum daily % relative humidity and Superintendent fungicides to our 36 acres of fairways the onset of Dollar Spot as follows: if the The Royal Ottawa Golf Club made the forecasting method seem attrac­ maximum daily temperature equalled or Aylmer East, P.Q. tive, so we purchased a Hygrother­ exceeded 25°C and the maximum % One of the most important aspects of a mograph. relative humidity equalled or exceeded golf course superintendent’s job is to The Hygrotherograph (Fig. 1) is a 90% for more than 3 days in any 7 day provide a disease free playing surface. recording device that records (i) the period, our evidence suggested that A disease warning system could therefore temperature in degrees Celsius and (ii) the Dollar Spot would occur. It is important to be used to great advantage to reduce % Relative Humidity on a continuous 24 emphasize that it is not 3 consecutive days the number of fungicide applications as hour basis for between 7 to 14 days. The but any three days in a 7 day period. well as to improve the timing of the results are recorded on chart paper (Fig. Table 1 summarizes the data from applications. 2). The instrument was housed in a small 1978 to 1980. The boxed figures indicate Two articles appeared in the June instrument shelter similar to those used for the number of days in the week prior to 1980 editions of Golf Course Main­ meteorological weather stations, on the visible disease that the values satisfied the tenance and Grounds Maintenance by golf course not far from the clubhouse. criterion. Frank Nutter, Jr., turfgrass. The articles The first step in the use of this instru­ Having established our criterion, we were specifically directed at predicting the ment to be able to predict the onset of looked forward to 1981. We are satisfied onset of disease in onset of Pythium disease is to establish a criterion based on that the criterion we established was cor­ Blight. Pythium can cause severe damage the previous disease history of the club. rect since in 1981 we sprayed our fair­ to golf course greens, tees and fairways in We therefore examined the previous ways 3 times compared to the 7 times the as short a period as 24 hours; hence the three years’ weather and fungicide ap­ previous two years and we achieved ex­ advantage to a reliable forecasting plication records. We make extensive use cellent control of Dollar Spot. method. of monthly weather summaries issued by The records for 1981 are shown in We wished to determine if we could Environment Canada on a subscription Table 2. The underlined dates indicate use this method to predict the onset of basis, for the local weather station located the periods when our criterion was Dollar Spot. Dollar Spot has been the ma­ only some four miles away. (It should be satisfied and as a result we sprayed our fairways on July 7th, July 27th, and percent on the right foot at the start . . . August 13th. Note that the criterion was and at just the right point in the turn the Calibration Formulas also met during the period from August left heel bends in towards the right in a by Barry Endicott 9th to August 14th but since this fell within dragging motion until the left heel comes the 10 - 14 day effectiveness of Rovral of the ground . . . but not too far . . . and Metric units are here to stay, whether we like it or not. Thinking in metric is not very easy for us old dogs so we applied on July 27th no spray was be sure the hands are over the right foot, tend to use conversion tables, past records and ex­ necessary. but not on the toe more than the heel. . . periences, or guess and hope. Conversion tables can be very confusing, creating a greater chance for error. Past We experienced our most severe in­ and be sure the hands at the top of the records and experiences are satisfactory as long as all festation of Dollar Spot in 1979 (Table 1). swing are high and the shaft points along variables remain constant (chemical formulations, container We sprayed our fairways that year as a line parallel with the ground . . . and sizes, equipment). Guess and hope is what usually happens when these variables change and especially if you are using follows: on June 28th with 1991; the pause at the top of the swing and count a new chemical for the first time. control was moderate on July one, then pull the left arm straight down, In the past year or so all chemicals which I have purchas­ and don’t uncock the wrist too soon. Pull ed have come in metric containers with metric labels and I 16th with PMAS: the control have a new utility vehicle and spraying equipment. I could was limited on August 1st with the left hip around in a circle . . . but don’t see I had only one satisfactory alternative — to go cold Easout; the amount of Dollar let the shoulders turn with the hips. Now turkey and Think Metric. 1 set-up calibration formulas for all my different spraying equipment, put them on cards and Spot unexpectedly increased. transfer the weight 60 percent to the left filed them for future reference. This was subsequently shown to foot and 40 percent to the right . . . and — E-Z-Go Utility Vehicle be due to Benomyl resistance. tilt the left foot so the right side of it is — 100 gallon Smythco Sprayer * noz­ zle size 8004 This then necessitated three straight. . . watch out for the left hand, it’s 455 — No. Litres of water in 100 gal. more sprays well into the fall. supposed to be extended . . . but not too tank We are determined to protect our fair­ still or the shot won’t go anywhere . . . A — No. Grams or Litres of chemical ways from a repeat of this severe infesta­ and don’t let it get loose or you’ll smother applied per 100 sq. metres according to directions. tion in 1980. Table 1 details the applica­ the shot. . . and don’t break too soon but 8 — No. Litres of water to cover 100 tions of fungicides that year. This table keep your head down . . .then hit the ball. sq. metres at 40 psi, 3rd gear low range. serves as further proof that our criterion is That’s all there is to it! B — No. Grams or litres of chemical correct for the prediction of the onset of The Inner Game of Golf W. Gallwey required per tank. Dollar Spot. In June 1980 we sprayed on Example problem: Dollar spot on bent grass greens June 5th and again on June 28th. The THE RISK OF Control: Daconil 2787 Flowable Fungicide use 185-275 ml per 100 sq. m. reasons for doing so was, that there were SPRAYING 2,4,5-T Application Rate used: 200 ml. or .2 Litres per 100 sq. m. several days of high humidity prior to both Environmental activist groups have these dates. However at that time we did been demanding the ban of 2,4,5-T on not observe any Dollar Spot on our check the premise that it increases the risk of plots. The reason is now clear - the condi­ developing tumors. tions did not meet our criterion: despite Dr. Richard Wilson, a Harvard Scien­ the high humidity prior to the June 5th tist, disputes the 2,4,5-T and tumors Conversely, maybe I only have 10 Litres of Daconil on spray date, the temperature component theory, however. He recently calculated the shelf. I could use the formula to calculate the rate of was absent; both parameters of 25°C and application. the risks associated with spraying 2,4,5-T 90% relative humidity were absent prior and found that if a person worked at ap­ to June 28th spray. In effect we wasted plying 2,4,5-T with a backpack sprayer both sprays. for five days a week, four months a year We are confident that the Hygrother­ for 30 years, his-her chances of develop­ mograph is an excellent tool to enable the ing a tumor would be 0.4 per million. golf course superintendent to predict the In comparison, other risks associated onset of disease in turfgrass. The suc­ with developing a tumor are: cessful use of this instrument is predicated empty table cellChances per Million Recommended rates range from 185 -275 ml. per 100 on the establishment of a criterion based sq. m. so 10 Litres added to a full spray tank might be inef­ Smoking Cigarettes 1,2000.0 fective. on the disease history of his particular golf Being in a room with a smoker 10.0 Nozzle sizes have a greater effect on chemical calibrations course. than you might think. I have two sizes of nozzles, No. 8004 Eating 1/4 lbs. charcoal broiled steak per and No. 6502. I use the larger No. 8004 nozzle for week 0.4 fungicide applications because I want to apply a larger IT’S AN EASY GAME: Everyone can Drinking 1 can of diet soda withsac rin quantity of water and most fungicides which I use are wet­ learn to play golf. Once a player has per day table powders so there is less chance of plugged nozzles. 1 10.0 use the No. 6502 nozzle for herbicide and insecticide ap­ mastered the grip and stance, all he has to Drinking milk with aflatoxin or 4 plications because with these chemicals I don’t require as bear in mind, in the brief two-second in­ tablespoons of peanut butter per day 10.0 much water and because most of these chemicals form terval it takes to swing, is to keep his left Drinking one can of beer per day solutions or emulsions, they are easily passed through the 10.0 nozzle. elbow pointed in toward the left hip and Sunbathing 5,000.0 — E-Z-Go Utility Vehicle his right arm loose and closer to the body With data comparisons such as this, it is — 100 gallon Smythco Sparyer * noz­ than the left . . . and take the club head hard to understand how and why society zle size No. 6502 past his right knee . . . and then break the can be brought to such a controversial As you can see by using No. 6502 wrists at just the right instant while the left nozzle size formula No. 1 and No. 2 fever by a few self-interest groups over the are quite different. arm is still travelling straight back from the use of a product that is closely watched Recalibration: ball and the right arm stays glued to the and highly regulated. Every season your spray equipment should be re-calibrated body . . . and the hips come around in a and your formulas should be up-dated. Worn spray pumps and nozzles could have a big effect on the final outcome. perfect circle; and meanwhile, the weight Wettable powders are very abrasive and can wear out must be 60 percent on the left foot and 40 Credit - The Greener Side pumps and nozzles very fast. Predicting Diseases — The Hygrothermograph Figure 1. Hygrothermograph Model No. 8368-00-DA, purchased from Figure 2. Chart recording of Temperature °C Cole-Parmer, Chicago, Ill. and % Relative Humidity. No. Days Prior to Visible Disease Max. DailyTemp°CMax. Daily Temp °C Max. DailyRel. Max. Daily Rel. Humidity % Max. Daily Rel. Humid% Humidity ity % 1981 Spray Dates 25 Temp °C 90 Max. Daily80 30 100 Days of the month when 20 1978 4 0 5 2 0 empty table cell ≥25°C Temperature Rel. Humidity ≥ 90% June 26 7 1978 July 19 7 7 0 3 2 0 June 5,11,15,16,18,29,30, 9,10,12,13,14,17,20,28,29 1979 June 28 5 2 0 3 2 0 July 16 1979 7 6 0 5 5 0 5 0 July 3,4,6,7,10,11,12,13, 1,3,13,17,18,19,20,24, Aug. 1 1979 6 3 0 7 15,17,18,19,20,25,30, 27,28,31 Aug. 7 1979 7 4 0 6 5 0 2 0 4 2 0 31 Aug. 20 1979 4 Sept. 2 1979 6 3 0 6 6 0 1980 August 1,2,3,4,5,6,9,10,11, 1,3,7,8,9,10,11,12,18,19, 12,13,14,21,22,23,29 24,25,26,27,30,31 June 5 0 0 0 4 3 0 1980 June 28 4 1 0 3 1 0 July 12 1980 7 4 0 4 3 0 July 22 1980 7 7 4 7 4 0 Sept. 1,2,7,12,13,14 1,2,3,5,7,8,10,11,12,13, Aug. 6 1980 7 7 0 6 6 0 14,17,19,20,21.22,30 1980 20 Aug. 7 3 0 5 4 0 1980 25 Aug. 7 6 0 6 5 0 ≥ greater than or equal to TABLE 1. TABLE 2. Bob Brewster, president of OGSA, accepts a silver plate from Keith Nesbit, Hugh Kirkpatrick accepts first prize from Barry Britton at Whirlpool Golf Club. president of OTRF. This plate acknowledges OGSA as a co-founder of OTRF. OVERSEEDING GOLF COURSE FAIRWAYS 7. Overseed the fairway in three directions, longways, crossways and diagonally. Do not use J.L. Eggens, Associate Professor, University of Guelph excessively high seeding rates. Adequate over­ seeding rates for the Roger’s slit or disc overseeder At the present time overseeding golf course fair­ available creeping bentgrass cultivars has been car­ are 20-25 lb per acre for Kentucky bluegrass and ways is not usually successful because: ried out. Generally Seaside is used because of low 8-12 lb per acre for creeping bentgrass when seed cost. However, because of the superior vigor overseeded in three directions. 1. annual bluegrass re-invades the overseeded and aggressiveness of the newer cultivars against Eggens, J.L. 1979. The response of some Ken­ areas and crowds out the overseeded grasses annual bluegrass, a blend of the recently developed tucky bluegrass cultivars to competitive stress through superior plant competition. cultivars should be used or included in a blend with against annual bluegrass. Can. J. Plant Sci. Seaside. Kentucky bluegrass cultivars may be used 59:1123-1128. 2. there are no post-emergent herbicides which will successfully on golf course fairways where the selectively remove annual bluegrass from creeping mowing height is 3 cm or above and the growing Goss, R.L. and F. Zook. 1971. New approach for bentgrass swards without unacceptable injury to the conditions too hot and dry for creeping bentgrass Poa annual control. Golf Superintendent: 46-48. creeping bentgrass and newly overseeded grasses culture. Some Kentucky bluegrass cultivars com­ Ingratta, R.G., G.R. Stephenson and C.M. and pete more successfully against annual bluegrass Switzer. 1978. Selective control of annual bluegrass 3. pre-emergent herbicides may not be safely used than others with A-34 (Bensun), Sydsport and in Kentucky bluegrass turf with linuron. Can. J. for 8-10 weeks after overseeding, long after annual Touchdown the most successful competitors at the Plant Sci. 59:469-473. bluegrass has successfully reinvaded the overseed­ 2 cm (3/4 inch) mowing height of the Kentucky Switzer, C.M. 1977. Turf Renovation. Ontario Golf ed area. bluegrass cultivars evaluated. Perennial ryegrass is Superintendents Association Field Day, Cambridge often used as temporary or emergency cover and The mechanical overseeding operation (in­ Research Station, Cambridge, Ontario. again considerable differences exist in the com­ cluding seed germination and seedling develop­ petitive ability of the cultivars. Under uniform an­ Turgeon, A. J. 1974. Annual bluegrass control with ment) is usually very successful (Eggens 1979). nual bluegrass competition Omega has a higher dry herbicides in cool-season turfgrass. Proc. 2nd. In­ Research by Dr. C M. Switzer, University of top weight (ie competed better with annual ternational Turfgrass Research Conference: Guelph, has shown that competition from existing bluegrass) than Derby, Manhattan and Yorktown at 382-389. annual bluegrass plants can be eliminated by both the 2 and 4 cm (3/4 and 1/2 inch) mowing treating the fairways with the non-selective her­ Waddington, D.V., T.R. Turner, J.M. Duich and height. Sabre rough bluegrass is a strong competitor bicide such as Glyphosate. Glyphosate is usually E.L. Moberg. 1978. Effect of fertilization on Penn­ against annual bluegrass and may find use on cross creeping bentgrass. Agron. J. 70:713-718. applied at 1.5 to 2 lb (active ingredient) in 20 to 30 regularly irrigated moist fairways mowed at 2 cm. gallons of water per acre (after omitting at least one Overseeding success and the reduction of annual mowing) four to seven days prior to the over­ bluegrass in golf course fairways may be improved seeding operation. Do not use gramoxone where by the following; thatch is heavy because of the tendency of gramox­ one to remain in the thatch layer and kill the 1. overseed during the period mid-June to early- overseeded seedlings as they push through the July rather than during August to allow herbicide thatch layer. The Glyphosate -treated turf dies over treatment of the overseeded area during a 10-14 day period will provide a reasonably good September. playing surface for golf for three to five weeks or 2. If overseeding takes place into turf which has not longer. As Glyphosate does not kill the annual been killed out with Glyphosate, reduce the mow­ bluegrass seed in the fairways, it subsequently ger­ ing height to 1-2 cm to reduce shading of the seedl­ minates to reinfest the fairway. ings from the competing mature grasses. Pre-emergent herbicides have provided some control of annual bluegrass in established turf. 3. Tupersan may be used at overseeding time to However Turgeon (1974) has shown that pre- reduce annual bluegrass seed germination. emergent herbicides are somewhat ineffective in reducing the amount of annual bluegrass in the turf 4. Use urea as the nitrogen carrier and avoid ex­ cessive amounts of available nitrogen. For creeping I’LL NEVER where conditions are favourable to its growth and development. Post-emergent herbicides such as bentgrass fairways, reduce the amount of nitrogen FORGET supplied late August, September and October and Po-san (Goss and Zook 1971) and Endothal supply nitrogen as a dormant application early to WHAT’S-HIS-NAME (Turgeon et al 1972) have reduced annual mid-November. Doesn’t it feel good when someone remembers your bluegrass content of golf course fairways but the name? George Bell, a Westborough, Mass., memory limits on season of application, the susceptibility of 5. Reduce phosphorus to limit annual bluegrass expert, offers this advice for remembering names. perennial turfgrasses to injury and the unacceptable seed production and seedling establishment. Con­ 1. When you’re introduced, ask the person to repeat discoloration of the turf sward has limited their use. trol potassium applications to that required by the his name. Ingratta et al (1978) found that annual bluegrass turf for good growth. While the role of potassium in 2. Repeat the name yourself. This will improve recall can be selectively removed from Kentucky blue­ annual bluegrass dominance is not well under­ by 30%. grass turf with a granular formulation of linuron at stood, Waddington et al (1978) found that the 3. Use the name in your conversation with the highest potassium treatments used in their study person. 6.7 kg/ha when applied postemergence. They 4. Look at the face. Most of us remember faces better found however that because of phytotoxic residues markedly increased the annual bluegrass content of the Penncross creeping bentgrass turf when com­ than names, so study the face and choose one outstan­ in the soil, overseeding could not take place for ding detail. three months after linuron treatment. pared to the lower potassium treatments. 5. Associate the name to the face. Form a mental Golf course fairways are usually overseeded with 6. Carefully control irrigation to reduce moisture picture, using an active image. creeping bentgrass because of its desirable available for annual bluegrass germination. When 6. Use the name when saying goodbye. This final characteristics as a fairway grass. However no grown under a hardened condition, creeping bent­ reinforcer assures you that you know the name. Credit: Divot News specific studies on the competitive ability of the grass is very drought tolerant. SPRING TRAINING NOTE Anyone wishing an invitation to the Ontario Tur­ fgrass Research Foundation Golf Tournament held at the National Golf Club on August 6 and who feel may be overlooked on the mailing list should call the office for information which will be forwarded. Paul Dermott JULY Newsletter Material Deadline July 15, 1982 UPCOMING EVENT President, Greens Chairman, Superintendent Golf Tournament London Hunt Club Friday July 23 "Green is Beautiful" Ontario Golf Superintendents Association