BETTER LAWN -- HARVESTS Published periodically by Better Lawn & Turf Institute Volume 15, No. 3 LAWN AND GARDEN WEEK COMMITTEE Office of the Director Route 4, Kimberdale Marysville, Ohio 43040 October, 1968 Appointed by chairman Robert Stiffler representing the National Plant Food Institute, Dr. Schery attended the Ad Hoc advisory committee meeting at the U. S. Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C. September 24, relevant to planning for the National Lawn and Garden Week for March 20 - 26 of 1969. Harold R. Lewis, Director of Information for the USDA is general chairman for the Department. Re­ presented in addition to the Lawn Institute are the Farm and Industrial Equipment Institute, the Garden Writers Association of America, the Federation of Garden Clubs, the Men's Garden Clubs of America, and the American Association of Nursery­ men. Department heads for various USDA activities (such as radio-tv, newsletter, educational service, extension service, special events, etc.) were present and in support of this working committee. The identification logo has been designed and is being perfected. A proclama­ tion has been prepared, hopefully for signature by the White House. Supporting publicity, especially within the USDA has been organized. A list of prominent people associated with the "Beautification" program is being considered, in hopes that they will sponsor (perhaps with financial help) Lawn and Garden Week programs. Supporting activities by the USDA have been formalized, and will include the Farmers Home Administration, Extension Service and others. Slides and film strips are being readied ("Color it Green With Trees", "The Windowsill Greenhouse", etc.), and Dr. Schery has offered various participants (such as the National Federation of Garden Clubs) Lawn Institute literature including reprints featuring fine-tex- tured lawngrasses. Seedsmen will hear more of this activity as plans develop including sponsor­ ship through the ASTA. Although the Lawn Institute is limited in what it can do, certainly many members will want to cooperate and tie-in individually with this major publicity effort to launch the lawn and garden season next spring. In the meanwhile we will keep you informed in future issues of Harvests, and by special mailings if warranted. We are pleased that quality lawn grass interests have a key place in the planning of this national event through Lawn Institute inclusion on the executive committee that is organizing the event. AUTUMN PRESS KIT MAILED For the second season in a row, production of the seasonal press kit was under­ taken at the Marysville office rather than "farming out" the operation. This en­ tails considerable routine activity in the way of compiling, stuffing, stamping, etc. The Marysville office is ill-equipped for much of this, but as an economy measure it has been necessary to undertake these mailings this year. Mailing was made July 16, and should have been in the hands of recipients within a few days thereafter (ex­ cept Canada, where a postal service strike was preventing all deliveries). NATIONAL WEEK SHAPES UP 2 Ned D. Bayley, Director of Science and Education for the Department of Agri­ culture has sent additional information on the proposed National Lawn and Garden Week for the first week of spring. Mr. Bayley asked Dr. Schery to discuss some of the ways in which various segments of the industry might participate, at the September 5 meeting. Because of a conflict Dr. Schery could not be present at this particular meeting, but did attend the one September 24, so sent a statement of encouragement for the record. This statement encouraged the department in its promotional program, and pledged to aid the efforts with such talent and prepared materials as the Institute has available. Following are exerpts from proposed program as advanced by the USDA, which may be of interest to members. Firms wish­ ing to tie in with the promotional effort would do so individually. "These USDA activities are a few of the programs carried forward in booklets, press releases, radio and television programs, training sessions, special events and meetings. "Working with interested industry groups could be a useful addition to these regular information activities. Joint industry-USDA efforts could focus on a National Lawn and Garden Week during the first week of spring, 1969, under the banner: Growing with America. The program could, in part, extend from the fall of 1968 when plans would be set, through advance promotion during the winter for National Lawn and Garden Week, the week’s events themselves, on through follow-up events and ending in the completion of the natural cycle in the fall. "Special events would need to be developed for key stages in the campaign throughout 1969 and to relate the campaign to the many possible local activities. Flower shows, garden clubs, nurseries, and news outlets, for example, should be given the opportunity to participate in the Growing with America campaign. The Federal Extension Service could work with the State Directors and Editors to encourage their agents and specialists to give National Lawn and Garden Week their special attention. This would include newspaper supplements, such as the two attached, special radio and television programs, news coverage of events planned for the week, exhibits and other visuals on the subject, and a local guide to gardening and lawn care. "The following list of information activities, selected from proposals and current activities of the Agricultural Research Service, suggests the scope of available material and points to a number of areas where industry and the Depart­ ment of Agriculture could work closely together. "The ABS 1969 exhibit will feature ’principles’ of planting the homesite. It will be ready for showing in time for the spring flower shows. Its premier could be scheduled to coincide with the beginning of Lawn and Garden Week, and special publicity released to tie the two together. "'Planting the Homesite', a bulletin being prepared as a hand-out for the 1969 exhibit, will be ready for Lawn and Garden Week, and could be used in pub­ licity. "Existing putlications on lawns, flowers, and vegetables--for sale from the Superintendent of Documents -- would be promoted through the various Department information outlets. "Specialized stories with pictures could be developed and distributed to garden writers, science writers, home editors, the NEA syndicate and to the Na­ tional Education Association for use in special teaching programs. NATIONAL WEEK SHAPES UP (Continued) 3 "Update and develop radio and television series on gardening, slanted to Lawn and Garden Week. "Prepare picture stories on staring and keeping a good lawn, for one, or the use of small plots of ground for beauty-such as areas around filling stations, banks, churches, and so forth- -and for vegetables for the homeowner. "Develop slide sets for use of garden clubs, civic groups and schools. "Special events. "An open house at the National Arboretum, March 4, 1969, to celebrate the birthday of the Act establishing the Arboretum. Use as a kickoff event for Lawn and Garden Week. "Beltsville tour of national sponsors of Lawn and Garden Week, including Department VIPs, heads of National Garden groups and Industry representatives. Could feature the work of Dr. Cathey and his ornamentals group, the Growth Chamber work, and perhaps the work with turf. "Annual meetings of florists and nurserymen’s associations take place regularly at the National Arboretum. Plans are already underway for meet­ ings which take place early in February. A Presidential proclamation could be read at this time. "Industry events. "Industry might provide a series of appropriate awards for suitable garden- related contests. Plants, planting materials, fertilizers, etc. could be awarded to the best school garden, the most attractive sidewalk planting, the most original private city patio or balcony, the most impressive project for public housing. The American Association of Nurserymen already has a program of this kind for certain categories of beautification. "Elementary schools. The special brochure prepared by the American Associa­ tion of Nurserymen in recognition of the Rosemary Hills garden project could be used to offer guidelines to schools. "Secondary schools. The appeal here could be through the general science classes "Other groups. Civic groups, businesses, public housing projects, etc. "Industry might finance community beautification projects in local areas. "Could develop ’pocket parks’ in key cities as part of the kick-off program for National Lawn and Garden Week. Trees, plants, ground cover in the parks could also demonstrate suitable plantings for the suburbanite. "Provide a TV special on Lawn and Garden Week. This should include some show business names, to carry the program, keep the audiences interested. USDA could provide leads for short tapes on handicapped children at Sharpe School planting and caring for a garden, or the Rosemary Hills school project, etc. "The agency could do a short segment on balcony or patio gardens. Also, ARS could supply an expert to do a short feature on the Windowsill Greenhouse, with children from inner-city schools as the class. NATIONAL WEEK SHAPES UP (Continued) "Cooperative events. 4 Congress could be asked to pass a joint resolution supporting Lawn and Garden Week. Members of the Agricultural Committees might recognize the Week in speeches for the Record. "Morrison Memorial Lectures afford a means of recognizing an outstanding contributor to U.S. horticulture. The lecture requires an appropriate science platform, but could be effective. ’’Industry might provide funds for an honorarium or for a special plaque. "Harvest time recognition for successful achievement during the summer. "A recognition day in each county to pay tribute to those who maintain their gardens and successfully harvest vegetables.” PRODUCT BOOK RECEIVED Herb Day, Sales Manager for Stauffer Chemical Company, dropped by the Institute recently and kindly sent a very thorough-going product book giving data on Aspon, Betasan, Captan, Eptam, Folpet, Sevin, Thuricide, Trithion, Vapam, and a lesser listing of other products. This is an impressive way to have handy, technical data accumulated from many sources relating to a firm’s basic products. We are pleased to have this from Stauffer, and sample materials Mr. Day is having sent. PENNCROSS APPLAUDED An interesting treatment by Cornish and Robinson, "Management Of Penncross” appeared in the summer issue of the Massachusetts Turf and Lawn Grass Council Turf Bulletin. Throughout the discussion Penncross is regarded as a "supurb” grass, even while calling attention to some of its requirements. The article is well illustrated with drawings showing what the authors mean by nap, mat, fluff, thatch, swirl, etc. A series of 8 management attentions is given relating to mowing, brushing, slicing, top-dressing, thatching, fertilizing and disease prevention. The authors conclude, ” - - - Penncross more often than not produces superior quality greens turf of the type the golfer wants.” SEAL ROYALTY STATEMENTS Royalty reporting statements were sent to Institute members using the seal of approval on July 12. The reporting period was for the first six months of the year. We apologize not having these out at the end of June, but this was a rush year what with the late annual meeting and fiscal changes. If you are a seal user and have overlooked the royalty reporting form, please contact the Marysville office. Other members interested in utilizing the seal of approval on lawn seed blends should contact Dr. Schery at the Marysville office. GARDEN WRITERS AWARD Dr. Schery represents the Lawn Institute on the Garden Writers Association of America awards committee. One of the awards is a newly issued scholarship, for which no worthy applicant had heretofore been found. We are pleased to report that a talented young lady from New Mexico is now being considered to further her career as a garden writer. IN NATIONAL OBSERVER 5 The Institute was credited with a feature in the September 9 National Observer, under the title Taking Mystery Out of Buying Lawn Seed. “One of the best ways to have a thick green lawn in the spring is to work on it in the fall. New seeds scattered -- will be ready to sprout -- Robert W. Schery, Director of the Lawn Institute, has some expert advice - -" The information developed is based largely upon the Institute story in the September issue of Horticulture. A box insert features information generally found on the label. In addition there are about 30 column inches of text. Here are a few samplings: "The inexperienced gardener benefits especially from the modern label, which groups lawngrasses as either fine-textured or coarse.” "In this group listed uppermost on the label are: all of the Kentucky bluegrasses, fine fescues (prominent varieties include Chewings, Highlight, Illahee, Pennlawn, Rainier, Ruby); various bentgrasses (most frequent for lawns are the colonial sorts such as Astoria, Exeter, Highland and Holfior, but also included are creep­ ing bents such as Penncross) ; - -" Under the subtitle, ’’Country Cousin to Fine Fescues”, the reader learns ’’Appreciable coarse-kind content generally indicates lesser quality - -" "’Some of the most troublesome lawn weeds, such as crabgrass, are never found in lawnseed, although it is undoubtedly in most lawn soils.” "Unfortunately, some of the perennial grasses, beneficial in the pasture, are the very worst weeds in the lawn and exceedingly difficult to get rid of.” PROCEEDINGS RECEIVED The Institute was approached by the Council on Fertilizer Application, con­ cerning the possibility of cooperative arrangements. A copy of the Proceedings for the 43rd annual meeting was included. Although the presentations are directed towards agricultural use of fertilizer, members may be interested in some of the general opinions. Frank Viets, Colorado, pointed out some of the unsatisfactory aspects of fertilizer recommendations, but especially was concerned about fertilizer pollution of water supplies. He cited a Colorado study showing about 25 lbs. of nitrate- nitrogen moving annually into the water table under irrigated fields in Colorado. Probably even more occurs from well-tended lawns. Several authors questioned the usefulness of fertilizer soil and tissue tests as currently conducted. One author states, about micro-nutrients: ”Under this philosophy very small amounts of minor elements are added to mixed fertilizers to forestall any acute deficiency. Research has failed to show any benefit of this system. Furthermore, it can mislead the buying public --” Even though economic justification is not so great with garden nutrients as with a farm fer­ tilizer, this sort of thing is frequently seen as a sales gimmick in lawn fer­ tilizers . IN GOLF COURSE PUBLICATION The story “Chemical Lawn Mowing”, with by-line credit to the Institute, appeared in the August issue of “The Bull Sheet”, official bulletin of the Midwest Association of Golf Course Superintendents. Speaking of the hope for now having to mow, the story states: “In part the dream has been satisfied, through choice of grass. Fine textured Kentucky bluegrass and Oregon fescue make unmowed roadsides presentable -- provide top lawns when mowed only in­ frequently. Highland bentgrass is not aggressive either on fairway or luxury lawn. ROADSIDE SEEDING 6 On August 8 Dr. Schery spent the day with Loy Stevely, Highway Landscape Architect for Division I, centering around Lima-Findley. Mr. Stevely has been most cooperative with the Institute in the past, arranging special seeding pro­ jects of medians and berms within his district. It was noted that he had the sign crediting the Lawn Institute with an all fine-textured planting in Wyandot County replaced and now more legible. Especially interesting are seedings made along Interstate 75 in Lima. These are now 12 years old, and result from a seeding 40 per cent bluegrass, 35 per cent Chewings fescue, 15 per cent redtop and 10 per cent perennial rye­ grass. In most locations the redtop and ryegrass have completely disappeared, but depending upon the ecological situation the bluegrass or the fine fescue might dominate. Pictures were secured documenting these observations. Other than fertilization at time of planting, this sod has been provided a maintenance fertilization only once, about 2 years ago at the rate of 1 1/2 lbs. N/M of 12-12-12. For the most part it is quite dense, and very attractive. In spite of the rainy year, this sod has had to be mowed only once so far (August 8), and will probably be mowed once more in September. This compares with at least twice as many mowings required for the conventional tall fescue seeding mixture in this same area. All things considered this fine-textured planting is not only more attractive, but offers a definite saving in cost of maintenance, about which Mr. Stevely is most enthusiastic. In a few places there have been invasion of volunteer coarse grasses such as tall fescue and quackgrass, but largely the fine-textured species prevail. On one sizable fill slope the Chewings fescue has dominated completely on the upper (well-drained) portion of the slope with redtop surviving mixed with other grasses in the damper lower portion of the slope where there is some seepage. A small section of Ohio 81 near the I-75 interchange failed to be completely seeded, and was later "patched up” with standard tall fescue seeding mixture. That portion reseeded to tall fescue has never healed to the extent of the surrounding all-fine textured planting, and 11 years later is still not a good ground-cover. The steep slope of the overpass of Ohio highway 69 at I-75 was hand planted to crown vetch plantlets set into a tall fescue seeding. Three years later the crown vetch seems to be gaining ground, and squeezing out the tall fescue, but the process is very slow. The mulch tests along Ohio 15 near the I-75 inter­ change at Findlay, undertaken 4 years ago with Institute participating, were in­ spected. A pretty good turf has become established on all treatments now, but it is still evident that the Silva-fiber and excelsior mat treatments provided best soil holding and stand establishment. Not so encouraging at time of visit were the all fine-textured seeding credited to the Lawn Institute in Wayndot County where county road 55 crosses highway 23. This was a mix of approximately equal quantities of fine fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and Highland bentgrass. Initial catch was hindered by a series of dry years, but eventually a good sod was obtained, with the fine fescue by far the dominating grass. At time of visit the fescue component was suffer­ ing of typical ’’summer scald” which is noticed in this area during hot, humid weather, especially where water stands temporarily. Even so Mr. Stevely is enthusiastic about the general idea of a fine-textured seeding in place of tall fescue, for the reasons earlier mentioned. TURF ANNUAL APPEARS 7 As customary, the July issue of Parks Maintenance magazine, the "Turf Annual", was devoted to summarizing turfgrass research. Guest editor this year was Dr. James Beard of Michigan State University, an Institute advisor. As in the past the Lawn Institute was listed among the "References”. In his summary, Dr. Beard called attention to the considerable technical advance in turfgrass research within the last few years. He would characterize the period from 1965-70 as an era of "new turfgrass varieties”. He mentions the numerous new Kentucky bluegrass, fine fescue and perennial ryegrass releases and comments on new varieties of southern grasses, too. Also characterizing this era are investiga­ tions on artificial soil media, refinement in management techniques, greater use of technology in managing turfgrass, and increasing concern about pollution from pesticides. Beard feels that there is sufficient good information available to do a commendable job of managing almost any turf, but that this is not always made available to those who most need it. Discussing research for the year by topic, "Disease” received first atten­ tion. Points of mention include identification of different races of dollarspot (explaining differential performance of fungicides), continuing inability to i- dentify cause of spring deadspot on Bermuda (removing thatch seems to help; there may be toxic substances in the decomposing grass?), and the promise of systemic fungicides such as DuPont 1991 for control of diseases for which heretofore there has been no remedy (such as stripe smut). "Fertilizer” investigations were mostly along familiar lines, and related to both soil and kind of grass. Rhode Island reported that soluble fertilizers usually produced better turf quality "per pound of nitrogen applied”. Impregnated and coated products received good performance ratings. The current enthusiasm for ample potassium is discussed for several purposes and places. Among "Grasses”, many new varieties are being recommended, with selections developed at certain research centers seeming to rate best there. Fylking re­ ceived good reports at all eastern locations, and there is professional enthusiasm for Pennstar. Sodco is built about "Anheuser Dwarf” and three coded selections; it is said to be a poor seed producer and weak as a seedling, susceptible to rust. It probably will not thatch so much as denser, more vigorous varieties. Several of the new perennial ryegrasses are discussed, as is the new Wintergreen fine fescue from Michigan, the new Pee Dee Bermudagrass from South Carolina, etc. Pennsylvania research indicates that inbred colonial bentgrasses coming true-to- type from seed are possible. As to "Insects”, not a great deal of new information is offered. It seems that the bill bug is spreading northward along the Atlantic coast from Florida, a serious pest of Zoysia. Only a few paragraphs are devoted to "Irrigation", although considerable space (under "Management”) considers soil modification which relates to watering. Heating of the soil in winter keeps grass green, but seems to encourage disease and weaken grass late in the season. Plastic screens are suggested for helping protect golf greens in winter, where a modest amount of shading seems helpful. Michigan work is cited showing more satisfactory rooting of sod grown on organic rather than mineral soil. Seaside is named the most salt-tolerant of familiar turfgrasses. In ’’Weed Control”, activated charcoal is reported to nullify the toxicity of herbicides. Best Poa annua control has come from Zytron and Betasan in Beltsville TURF ANNUAL APPEARS (Continued) 8 studies. A few new crabgrass preventers are shaping up well, still under code designation. Some of the familiar preventers restrict root growth of the turf­ grasses . MAILING TO ADVISORS On July 24, 1968 a two page letter with seven reprints as enclosurers was sent to all of the Institute advisors, technical men at research centers around the country. The advisors were informed of the annual meeting in Oregon this year, and that the “lawnseed industry has come to recognize its production center as the Pacific Northwest." Advisors were offered the autumn press kit upon request, in case they might like to have these popularizations for extension type activities. They were also informed of some of the general findings observed this year on the Lawn Institute grounds in Marysville. At least twice a year liaison is maintained with advisors, aside from specific communications to certain individuals. That way Institute objectives can be sug­ gested, and (hopefully) the Institute receive the latest reports from the research centers. STORY APPEARS The August issue of the Floral Magazine carries the Institute story, "Autumn Lawns, Up, Up and Away!” This runs as an 8 page insert on special colored paper, amply illustrated with a dozen photos and a map. The photo captions themselves emphasize important points, such as: "What fine-textured and coarse kind on the label means in the lawn. The seed blend sowed to left contains coarse kind compon­ ents, to the right only fine-textured species”. In other places an actual tag from a quality grass seed mixture is reproduced, and a fertilizer analysis photo­ graphed directly from the fertilizer bag. The tenor of the story is that autumn is the best time to start "energetic bluegrass, fescue and bentgrass -- lawn favorites, backbone for package blends,--” The reasons for autumn planting are given, and winterseeding southern turfs sug­ gested. Fertilization is discussed, and the latest attitudes on appropriate fer­ tilizer analysis. Finally the quality lawn species are itemized, with available varieties named for each of the species. TIME MAGAZINE INQUIRES In mid-July Steve Gunders of TIME magazine inquired of the Institute about the usefulness of garden tractors in seeding lawns. A study was underway for the magazine concerning the use of small tractors around the home. Ample litera­ ture was sent to Mr. Gunders relating to planting of quality seed and maintenance of the lawn. NEW LAWN GUIDE SCHEDULED Organic Gardening magazine is preparing a "thorough guide for home gardeners concerning lawns”. Included is a section on properly selecting seed and grass varieties. The editorial staff asked for information and technical reports from the Institute, of which a full supply of reprints was sent outlining quality turf­ grass species and their requirements. WINTERSEEDING REVIEWED 9 The July-August issue of Turf-Grass Times carried an item "Comparison of Grasses for Overseeding" by Dr. Alexander of Clemson University. The title re­ fers exclusively to temporary overseedings in the South for winter. A survey of 6 southern states (Tennessee, both Carolinas, Mississippi, Georgia and Florida) indicate that more than 80 per cent of the golf courses still use ryegrass for overseeding, but that a quarter of the courses include more than one grass as a blend. Ranking after ryegrass in importance come Poa trivialis, Seaside bent- grass and Highland bentgrass in that order (when used alone), or in mixtures Poa trivialis followed by Seaside, Highland, ryegrass, redtop, Pennlawn fine fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and creeping red fescue. A table characterizing the advan­ tages and disadvantages of each of the grass species was included, and a biblio­ graphy of 34 titles cited (including two Institute items). TURFGRASS EMPHASIZED IN FLORIDA The increasing attention turfgrass research receives in Florida is pointed up by the expanded activities of the Florida Turfgrass Association. Not only is the standard autumn conference becoming highly polished, but the spring "Trade Show" is assuming conference-like stature. This year a "Proceedings" was issued for the seventh annual Turfgrass Trade Show, held in Clearwater. Elsewhere re­ view is given of winterseeding research reported there. Additionally there were technical reports on fungicides for Pythium control, nematicides, weed control, fertilizer source studies, bahia chlorosis, soil wetting, vertical mowing, and presentations having to do with employee relationships. There has also been issued an "Index to the Proceedings of the Florida Turfgrass Management Conference" for the period 1953-1967, a valuable means for locating research reports according to category rather than by title. ON OVERSEEDING A review of wintergrass overseeding of bermudagrass golf greens in Florida is given in a research summaries for the Proceedings of the Seventh Annual Florida Turfgrass Trade Show, Pennlawn fine fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, Penncross bent- grass, ryegrass and Poa trivialis were the five wintergrasses tested. It was men­ tioned that other varieties could be substituted within any of these types. In general there is no advantage to include more than three grasses in a mixture, and usually a combination of two is sufficient. Seeding rates in the tests were high by northern standards, for each 1,000 sq. ft. 4.2 lbs. of Penncross bent, 30 lbs. of fine fescue, 10 lbs. of Kentucky bluegrass, 50 lbs. of annual ryegrass and 10 lbs. of Poa trivialis. When the grasses were combined seeding rates were averaged. Conclusions given by Meyers and Horn state: -- "The best 2-grass combination was a mixture of Pennlawn fescue and Kentucky bluegrass, whereas the best 3-grass mixture contained Penncross bentgrass, Pennlawn fescue and Poa trivialis." It was also mentioned that the new fine-leaved ryegrass varieties showed promise. INSTITUTE MAKES FRONT PAGE The July 17 Seed Trade News carried on its front page the picture taken at the annual meeting showing new officers and board members. All were named in the caption. We are grateful to Wally Hunter of Pioneer Advertising for supplying us with this excellent photo, that gained "front page" publicity for the Institute and its newly elected officials. RESEARCH IN SWEDEN 10 We were pleased to receive from Weibulls, Landskrona, Sweden, the 1967-68 research report, ’’Grastips”. This finely printed report of about 70 pages is mostly written in Swedish, but there is enough similarity of words, supplementary captions to illustrations in English, and occasional English summaries for one not familiar with the Swedish language to still get the gist. The chief thrust of the research is environmental control through such unusual (and expensive) measures as buried heating cables or freezing pipes, and plastic tarpaulins which can be mechanically rolled on or off an athletic field at will. Utilizing these means, and an especially prepared soil (porous gravel and sand be­ low for drainage, with only 4 cm. of sod-and-soil at the top), it has been possible to green up an athletic field for an early season game weeks ahead of schedule, and in other cases use the field for ice sports in winter then within a month trans­ form this to green verdancy for soccer. The techniques for accomplishing all of this are documented by an excellent series of photographs and diagrams. It may be of interest to members that bluegrasses, fine fescues and bentgrasses appeared to be the main species planted, supplemented by dwarf timothy. Among familiar bluegrass names are Primo and Merion. Interestingly, in a special study to determine play of the ball at different cutting heights, it was shown that other factors (such as dampness, soil condition, etc.) far overshadow any influence cutting height may have, and that therefore the grass should be mowed at the height most suitable to it. The recommended mowing height is 3-4 cm. approximately at the 1 1/2 in. height usually recommended in this country for bluegrass-fine fescue turfs. Other items in this issue include a review of Kentucky bluegrass (called mea­ dow grass in Sweden), with individual discussion of 23 varieties, most of them familiar to North Americans. Author Bjarne Langvad arrived at the same conclusion that do many American researchers, that a variety susceptible to Helminthosporium has little place. He also looks for denseness of growth as a means of combating Poa annua, apparently a serious problem in Europe. Several pages of charts rate various grasses, but unfortunately for one unfamiliar with the Swedish language it is difficult to pick up all of the subtleties. Under the test conditions it is noted that Merion and several other code selections are listed as resistant to Helminthosporium, and other familiar varieties (such as Park, Prato, Primo and Windsor) as of only intermediate resistance. Weibulls "Kick-Off Special” mixture includes Merion and Primo bluegrasses, and Evergreen timothy. Still another article by Langvad reviews variety trials with the fine leaf fescues. Pennlawn, Highlight, Oasis, and Golfrood are four familiar varieties reviewed, but highest rating goes to something labeled Erika in most of the charts. There are several interesting pictures of fine fescue turf and growing fields, and of an especially unusual nature one of a houseroof consisting of fine fescue seemingly growing on a base of tile. AID VOCATIONAL TEACHING Typical of requests we have been receiving lately from smaller colleges and educational institutions is this request from Sierra College, of Rocklin, California:-- "Sierra College at Rocklin, California is initiating a vocational education course in Landscape Horticulture. Along with the development of this program we feel it is necessary to stay abreast of the latest information in this field. We feel we can do this by maintaining a close relationship with your organization.” Mr. R. K. Bryant of the Landscape Horticulture Department has beer supplied a complete set of Institute reprints and booklets with the offer of addi­ tional copies if they can be of use in the classroom. NORTH MICHIGAN FIELD DAY 11 A report from the Crop Science Department of Michigan State University, on the Traverse City Turfgrass Field Day, generally supports conclusions advanced other years. Members will be interested in ratings of turfgrass variety performance. This is on a very sandy soil in a cold part of the state, adequate fertility sup­ plied through fertilizer and irrigation used as needed. Rating best among the fine fescues was Highlight, with creeping red, Pennlawn and most other familiar varieties bunched not too far behind. Chewings was lowest among the fine fescues tested. Among the bluegrasses, Merion lead, followed by Pennstar and Newport; Cougar, Park and Common were in the middle range. Many commercial varieties such as Fylking, Windsor, Kenblue, etc., were not included in the tests. Among turfgrass mixtures (the recommendation of the college) combinations of Kentucky bluegrass and red fescue took all the top spots, with Merion rating slightly ahead of Common so far as the bluegrass component is concerned. Where ryegrass had been included there was often extensive kill of this, and the mixture continued to perform poorly after its loss. The data sheet says, ’’The detrimental effects of ryegrass in bluegrass-red fescue mixtures is much more striking in northern Michigan than at East Lansing. The dryer soil condions favor ryegrass establishment which in turn suppresses the permanent establishment of the desirable bluegrass and red fescue seedlings. -- Mixtures containing only Kentucky blue­ grass and red fescue are superior in turfgrass quality. Mixtures containing red- top, rough bluegrass or tall fescue are not satisfactory.” Among the golf green bentgrasses, Congressional, Cohansey, Penncross and Toronto were respectively the first four, but of late Congressional had declined in quality because of segregation of bentgrass strains. "Cohansey, Penncross and Toronto have resisted the encroachment of off-type bentgrasses as well as annual bluegrass.” INSTITUTE STORY APPEARS The September issue of Resort Management, the national magazine for resort operators, carried the Institute-authored story "New Grasses Promise Beauty with Less Maintenance”. Chiefly involved in the discussions were Tifdwarf bermudagrass and Fylking Kentucky bluegrass, although other quality species received mention, too. Both varieties were commended for their ability to endure low mowing. Here are a few quotes from the article: ” -- /FyIking/ -- its low growth makes it a natural for fairways in combination with other dwarf varieties such as Highland bentgrass.” "September is the best time to start new lawns.” "The lawnseed industry is bulging with many fine new varieties for numerous uses. In FyIking and Tifdwarf resort managers already have at their call two promising possibilities for low-mowed luxury lawns in bluegrass and bermuda­ grass country”. Because of several editorial rewordings to condense the story, which are not entirely correct, the Institute is not issuing reprints for general distribu­ tion. The story should nonetheless call to the attention of resort owners that there are available now tailor-made varieties of lawngrass to suit almost every need. GRASSES MENTIONED 12 It is good to see mention of the particular grasses in which the Institute is interested, in other publications. One such is the informational newsletter by the Kellogg Supply Company of Southern California, edited by Wayne Morgan. In mid-July Kellogg sent out the first issue of a ’’Research Review”, which cites published research from several sources. Highland colonial bentgrass, Pennlawn creeping red fescue and Merion Ken­ tucky bluegrass were all test species in research done at Massachusetts and Pennsylvania relating to use of sawdust in the soil. The grasses are referred to repeatedly. The study shows that unweathered sawdust may have deleterious effect upon growth and germination, especially sawdust of red oak, ash and pitch pine. Merion, Pennlawn and Highland also are test varieties in Virginia research relating disease to moisture and nutrition. "Highland bentgrass was found to be more susceptible to Pythium blight when the plants were grown under either high or low calcium -- or high pH”. -- "With Pennlawn creeping red fescue, Merion Kentucky bluegrass and Highland bentgrass, Fusarium blight was highest under either low calcium (unbalanced nutrition) or high nitrogen (unbalanced nutrition).” The general conclusion was that nitrogen and calcium appear to exert considerable influence on disease susceptibility. Other information in the Kellogg report was more particularly slanted to California, having to do with efficiency in irrigation, wetting agents, and soil acidification. FIELD STAFF INSTRUCTED Dr. Schery was engaged by the Borden Chemical Company to present a turfgrass workshop to its Lawn and Garden Division field staff earlier this summer. Work­ ing with representatives on the firing line should have considerable significance. These are the men who acquaint dealers with products, and supervise informational programs at the local level. Having background on quality grasses and seed mixtures should be especially helpful for a staff rather new to the lawnseed business. Borden is well known for its line of fertilizers and pesticides, which can aid grass to its best possible performance. The Borden lawnseed line contained in 1968 three high quality blends devoid of appreciable nursegrass or coarse-kind components. All three have utilized the Lawn Institute’s Seal of Approval. A fourth competitive blend contains a fair complement of ryegrass. Personnel attending the workshop were all provided reprints of "Turfgrass, America’s 'Growingest” Crop” as a reasonably up-to-date listing of fine-textured varieties. The teaching "text” for the workshop was the Householder’s Guide to Outdoor Beauty, which affords a convenient summary of grass species related to climate and region. Colored slides were utilized to illustrate various phases of the discussion, and are especially helpful when turfgrass diseases and varietal disease resistance are discussed. The combination of pertinent reprints, an informational "text” to take along and colored slides made for a presentation that seemed to be well received. PENNCROSS RECOMMENDED Samuel Jones of Ridgeway High School, Illinois wrote to the Institute for general instructions about building a putting green in a city park. General in­ formation was sent, along with the suggestion to plant Penncross bentgrass for the putting surface. ARTICLE APPEARS IN HORTICULTURE 13 "The Label’s the Clue to Lawnseed" was a featured article in the September issue of Horticulture magazine. How to intelligently select quality seed from the information on the label was review in language understandable to the neophyte gardener. The purchaser was reassured that most of the intricacies such as purity and germination, are taken care of for him, but that he must choose for himself perennial species of quality such as Kentucky bluegrass, Oregon fine fescue and Highland bentgrass, and check that appreciable crop is not contained. The Institute is always pleased to be in Horticulture. THE COLLEGE MARKET A memo from Modern, film distributor, indicates that the service has gone nationwide in aggressively supplying the college campuses with free films. An impressive argument is advanced that here is an elite group, an increasing proportion of the population, and the leaders for the future. A sponsored film with some substance would have great influence if acceptable to the "College Cinema Network”, as Modern calls its service. A well-done movie on lawnseed production and use would seem to excite interest for science and vocational courses. There is increasing interest, too, at elementary and secondary educational levels. Available motion picture projection equipment has more than doubled within five years at such educational institutions. By 1975 it is estimated that expenditures for projectors will have more than doubled what was spent in 1965. Schools seem a tremendous and importantly growing audience for sponsored films. FROM MIDWEST TURF REPORT Purdue University mentions these points of interest in looking towards their autumn field day, September 30. "Penncross from 1951 and 1958 planting shows little separation". Gradual build-up of arsenic to control Poa annua is suggested, lest bentgrass be harmed (winter "desiccation"). "Blending of avail able preferred bluegrasses for disease tolerance and vigor is desired for many uses". It is suggested that for sod many times the grower prefers a single variety, Fylking mentioned as an example (and Sodco in years ahead). There is a great deal of discussion of synthetic soil mixtures, primarily used for putting greens. INFORMATION FOR AGRONOMY BOOK An authoritative reference on turfgrass research under auspices of the American Society of Agronomy has been mentioned previously. The chapter deal­ ing with "The Turfgrass Industry" was assigned to Drs. Nutter and Watson, who have been in touch with the Lawn Institute concerning procurement of lawnseed statistics and information. A general summary, emphasizing fine-textured seed production was supplied Dr. Nutter in July. IN HOME GARDEN It was gratifying to see the Lawn Institute referred to as an authority in the August issue of Home Garden magazine. In the Garden Guide for Reluctant Gardeners section we find this statement: ’’Tests at the Lawn Institute have shown this to be so, - -". The reference was with respect to bolstering of the northern lawn in autumn through fertilization and overseeding. STORY IN BOTANICAL BULLETIN 14 An adaptation of a story done for Natural History magazine some months ago appeared in volume LVI, no. 5 of the Missouri Botanical Garden Bulletin, under the title "The Migration of a Plant". The story has been reprinted and sent to members as an attractive 10 page booklet about the history and modern importance of Kentucky bluegrass. A series of illustrations was used depicting "ancient" Kentucky bluegrass, (from an European herbal of 1640), natural Kentucky blue­ grass as it grows in the mid-western United States, and elite new varieties (Merion and FyIking) that are produced today in the Pacific Northwest. The story opens, "Kentucky bluegrass, Poa pratensis, has made its mark as one of the most widespread and 'successful’ of the higher plants”. The breeding habits of Kentucky bluegrass are summarized, and its superior qualities as a turf­ grass cited. "This, then, is Kentucky bluegrass as we have it today -- One of the most nutritious pasture grasses, an excellent soil builder, and the most widely used quality lawngrass.” STORY PREPARED A story, scheduled to appear in spring, has been prepared for Lloyd Zeman, editor of Better Turf and Garden magazine. It is concerned with the "worst lawn weeds" and the best means for their control (one of which is "outgrowing" them with quality lawngrasses). The fine-textured species are featured with several mentions such as "fine-textured grasses of higher quality" and "fine- textured lawnseed will provide such a lawn from the border states northward". STORY ON WINTER-FEEDING Horticulture magazine requested a resume from Dr. Schery on the "very latest scuttlebutt" about winter-feeding. There has been, perhaps, more sound and fury than conclusions about special winter fertilizers, but in any event this invita­ tion provided good opportunity to stress the winter-hardiness of bluegrasses, fine fescues and bentgrasses whether or not they are specially pampered. REPRINTS FOR CONVENTION Again this year the Institute offered reprints to the Ohio Department of Highways, for distribution at the annual "Short Course" attended by highway landscape leaders from all over the nation. In response to the offer Mr. Garmhausen writes, "we would appreciate any or all of the reprints -- in lots of 150". This will prove an excellent opportunity to have Institute literature on file with key individuals. Dr. Schery has been invited to discuss roadside seeding during the formal sessions. INFORMATION FOR SULPHUR INSTITUTE Dr. Samuel L. Tisdale, vice president for the Sulphur Institute, has been in correspondence with the Institute regarding appropriate information for a re­ vision of a much used Sulphur Institute’s booklet devoted to the importance of agricultural crops. This issuance is to carry discussion of fine turfgrass acreage, now risen to a place of importance along with other "crops". Dr. Tis­ dale asked that the Institute supply background information on various types of turfgrass usage and their comparative value. Institute literature was forwarded for use by the Sulphur Institute, concerning suitable quality turfgrass species for such purposes. NORTHERN vs SOUTHERN SEED 15 A study by Iowa researchers on pigweed, reported in volume 49, no. 2 of Ecology, indicates that northern populations of the species have larger seeds which germinate better at lower temperatures than do southern populations. Here is confirming evidence from another species of what seems to be the case with natural Kentucky bluegrass as it grows in the midwest. There seems to be some selective advantage in this, adapting northern populations better to the short growing season there. RESEARCH GROUNDS INSPECTED A special invitation was extended to Dr. Schery by Northrup-King, to visit the company's trial grounds in Minneapolis in late August. Such liaison with members proves most valuable, in enabling the Institute to more accurately focus upon grasses available in the trade, and adjust to current industry happenings. Howard Kaerwer maintains an extensive set of comparisons including all fine- textured species, of varieties in the trade and under test. The visit made it possible to review with Mr. Gordon Newton, Institute trustee, matters of policy, especially those relating to the Institute Seal of Approval. Turf in Minnesota was in excellent condition late in August, but abundant rainfall earlier in the year had been quite damaging, among other things reducing Park production in northern Minnesota by more than half. BLUEGRASS REPORT Institute advisor V. B. Youngner and F. J. Nudge reported on "Growth and Carbohydrates Storage of Three Poa Pratensis Strains as Influenced by Temperature”, in the July-August Crop Science. Details are given on research reported at the 1967 Agronomy Meetings. Comparisons are made of the growth of Merion, Fylking and Newport bluegrasses at a series of differing temperatures. Fylking was con­ sistently the most dense, and Merion generally with greater carbohydrate reserves of the three strains. Newport was significantly deficient in both respects, especially at the warmer temperatures. The authors conclude, "Newport showed a low tolerance to warm temperatures and a distinct adaptation to cool tempera­ tures --- Merion and 0217 in contrast showed a somewhat greater adaptation to warm conditions by increased tillering with increased temperature.” MORE ABOUT ANNUAL BLUEGRASS Dr. V. B. Youngner, an Institute advisor in California and F. J. Nudge, further document the habits of annual bluegrass as related to thinning practices and herbicidal control. The results are reported in the July issue of the Cali­ fornia Turfgrass Culture. Pre-emergence herbicides (bensulide was used in this experiment) are effective to a great degree in preventing Poa annua in bentgrass. However, if thinning (vertical mowing) is practiced, the effectiveness is partially offset, and the worst infestations of annual bluegrass come where thinning is practiced and no herbicide used. Best annual bluegrass control comes with no thinning and two or more applications of the herbicide. PUSHES SEED A telephone conversation with Jess Garman, National Plant Food Institute, resulted in expanded information in an up-coming lawn fertilizer publication so as to include also a review of quality seed and lawn varieties. Dr. Garman checked out with the Institute appropriate information to be included, and Dr. Schery forwarded several items of literature upon which Garman could draw. NEWSPAPER INTERVIEW 16 Mr. Dan Clancy, of the Columbus, Ohio Dispatch, visited the Institute at the end of September, having lunch with Dr. Schery. Mr. Clancy was assembling information on the Institute for a feature in his column that appears each Sun­ day in the Dispatch. We look forward to seeing his impressions sometime during October. AIBS MEETS The American Institute of Biological Sciences met at Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, this year. This is the national gathering of biologists who are mostly concerned with "pure" in contrast to applied science. While the re­ search reported is not directly concerned with lawns and turfgrass, reports to the Ecology Society and the Economic Botany Society particularly have a bearing. Even the pure scientists are becoming more concerned with cultivated plants, introductions, pollution and beautification. Dr. Schery attended the meeting for parts of three different days on behalf of the Institute. Excellent oppor­ tunity was provided for visiting with representatives of major publishing firms, almost all of which exhibit at this annual meeting. Perhaps because as a result of the contacts interest can be engendered in publication of additional books about lawns. ADDITIONAL DEMONSTRATION PLANTINGS Several new plantings for observation were made in early September on the Institute grounds, of new bluegrasses, fine fescues and bentgrass, both alone and in combination. A few of the new named perennial ryegrasses were also planted for comparison. We are grateful to several member firms for furnishing seed, as well as to the Alaska Agricultural Experiment Station for Nugget Kentucky blue­ grass and to Purdue University for Sodco. ANOTHER MOVIE REQUEST The Department of the Army in Washington, D.C. is holding a grounds main­ tenance workshop in March of 1969 for about 70 managers of military installations. Requested of the Institute was an educational film which might be instructive about the care of lawns. The old Institute movie was offered, although probably more useful would be a series of reprints and other literature that the men might have in their files for permanent reference. These have been offered to Mr. Brigham, the management agronomist. HIGHLAND BENTGRASS IN TESTS Dr. Couch, of Virginia Polytechnic Institute, sent in a reprint from Phy- tophathology concerning the influence of calcium on enzyme release when certain fungi attack Highland bentgrass. We regard it as a mark of recognition for Highland that it is chosen as an important bentgrass standard for such research, findings from which may help in disease control recommendations. Without going into details about all of the enzymes, calcium does help restrict breakdown of the cell wall substance that becomes the visual sign of disease. EXTENSION SERVICE ADDED We are pleased to add the state extension specialist for West Virginia to our list of recipients of press kit and reprint mailings. This should prove helpful in extending the Institute’s seasonal influence. COOPERATION PAYS 17 For lack of funds the Institute has had to limit certain activities, none of them by itself ’’vital”. However, a recent instance shows how "keeping the doors open” paid. Borden Chemical, an excellent supporter of the Institute, asked Dr. Schery to review two articles to appear in the Plant Food Review. One or two suggestions were offered. As a result, we are informed by the National Plant Food Institute, there will be added to these articles by national authorities specific mention of winter-seeding, and of bluegrass usage under appropriate conditions in the upper south. Were it not for the Institute’s tangential in­ terests, outside opportunities such as this would not become available. PRESS RESPONSE Jim Carnes spotted a United Press column by Dick West circulated nationally, which humorously and exaggeratedly talked about the expensiveness of lawn seed­ ing. President Carnes joshed back, and had the Marysville office send an avalanche of literature, while Oregon associates snowed West with pound samples of seed. That good humor seems to prevail is indicated by the following note received from West, which may lead to some worthwhile publicity: "Thank you for your recent letter and the material on grass seed, which comes close to being an overkill. My column was, as you observed, far­ cical and I feel sure all of my readers recognized it as such, since I always write in that vein. I’ll be looking forward to receiving the press kit you mentioned, which may provide substance for a sequel that the grass seed industry will find more enjoyable.” INTERNATIONAL EMPHASIS If any additional evidence is needed that the lawnseed business has become quite international note this. An invitation was extended to Dr. Schery and the Lawn Institute to participate in a symposium on "The Laying Out and Maintenance of Playgrounds Under Grass Cover”, sponsored by the University of Agriculture at Brno, Czechoslovakia, to be held at Nymburk in June of 1969. At the same time we have a preliminary announcement about participating in an International Horticultural Congress to be held in Tel-Aviv, Israel, in March of 1970. In 1969 the turfgrass section of the Agronomy Society is cooperating in an inter­ national program to be held in Scandinavia during the summer. And, of course, we are all well aware of the interchange of European and North American varieties so commonplace these days. SOD ASSOCIATION In late July Dr. Schery had opportunity to visit with Ben Warren, president of the American Sod Producers Association, at the Warren Turfgrass Nurseries in Palos Park near Chicago. President Carnes has been interested in exploring possibilities for further cooperation with the sod growers. Mr. Warren has been a leader in the sod industry, having developed several sod varieties of bluegrass which he is marketing nationally, and otherwise leading a campaign for a quality product. The American Sod Producers Association is still in its formative stages and does not have the resources at present for much outside activity. It is recognized, however, that the Institute and the Sod Growers have many objectives in common, and we are pleased with the cooperative ex­ pressions from Ben Warren and others prominent in the sod industry. AP RELEASE 18 Earlier in the year an item was prepared for the Borden Chemical Company relating to weed-and-feed treatment of quality turfgrass lawns in autumn. Mr. Stiffler issued this to Mr. Earl Aronson,, columnist for the Associated Press, in mid-August. The Lawn Institute is mentioned in both title and text, with fre­ quent mention of quality grass such as: "Bluegrasses, fescues and bentgrasses thrive on extra fertilizer during cool weather - -" and "favorite lawn species such as Kentucky bluegrass and Oregon fine fescues grow especially low and dense - -". LAWN MAILING Parker Sweeper sent a covering letter with a copy of Better Turf and Garden magazine to 360 distributors, recommending -- ’’Share with us the article by Dr. Robert W. Schery, Director of the Lawn Institute, entitled, A Speedy Way to Renovate Your Lawn. This was a story on mechanical scarification for weather­ beaten turfs prior to bolstering with a quality seed blend -- "Sweep up debris that new seed and fertilizer may reach mineralsoil. Sow a quality fine-textured seed blend ( -- that carries the Lawn Institute’s Seal of Approval)”. ABOUT SPONSORED FILMS A letter from the Broadcase Information Bureau, Inc. says that the oppor­ tunities for sponsored film exposure is jumping greatly. This is because of demand by new cable systems (CATVs). The bureau had previously listed the Institute’s film, "Bluegrass Beauty”, as available. It is unfortunate that there has not been budget enough to modernize this film and continue to dis­ tribute it, since there are many excellent opportunities for placement. CLIPPING SERVICE The Luce Press Clipping Service, traditionally used by the Institute to moni­ tor its press kits, again increased its charges, monthly minimum rates, and length of contract period (no less than three months continuously). It was felt that the budget for this year did not permit use of this service at the anticipated cost. Instead a make-shift arrangement was arranged through the Ohio News Bureau Company, about which more will be reported as we make final tally later in autumn. It is apparent, however, that smaller organizations of this type are neither equipped to make an adequate national effort, nor are they conversant with the special needs relating to lawngrass pickup. Readers were not activated sufficiently in time to catch most of the publicity, and in spite of continuing exhortation to read for varietal names (of the grasses) the only word apparently scanned has been "lawn” and "Lawn Institute”. The results have been next to useless in providing a national review. INSTITUTE TEST GROUNDS This has been a good growing year for turf at the Institute demonstration grounds, with all Kentucky bluegrasses, fine fescues and bentgrasses performing well. There was some summer damage to fine fescue during a hot rainy spell in August, but recovery has been good. A number of excellent colored photographs have been accumulated during the growing season, for possible magazine use next year. Maintaining an adequate photographic file for stories and public presenta­ tions is a continuing job of no small proportions, something most institutes keep on top of with a special staff member. ENCOURAGEMENT FROM PAST PRESIDENT 19 Dr. Schery visited briefly with Ed Mangelsdorf, immediate past president of the Institute, when in St. Louis in late September. Mr. Mangelsdorf commended the fine efforts of the new officers in Oregon, and was encouraged that the basis is being laid for future progress. He asked that his best wishes be extended to all members. Following the annual meeting in Salem in June Mr. Mangelsdorf suffered the death of a member of the firm, loss of a cousin in a boating tragedy, and an emergency opera­ tion for Mrs. Mangelsdorf. He reports that matters are on a more even keel once again, and that he will be able to aid present officers if called upon for advisory and committee assignments which can be more efficiently executed in the East than the West. We are most grateful for Mr. Mangelsdorf’s encouragement and enthusiastic support of the Institute. ON ROADSIDE SEEDING "Evaluation of Turfgrasses For Roadsides” is the title of an Institute story which will appear in the Proceedings of the 27th Short Course on Roadside Develop- ment, the Ohio State Highway Department and Ohio State University. Dr. Schery cites the increasing sophistication of roadside seedings, and the better availability of materials. ” -- we are on the verge of making highway berms more like lawns and less like hayfields.” Evidence from other fields is given, such as that involving resort properties. About grasses, ” -- there is today a far greater pool than ever before, of selections upon which to draw, -- approaching a era of tailored varieties for various turf needs -- attest fully to the beauty and the permanence af turf from basically a Kentucky bluegrass-fine fescue seeding blend - - - there is a definite saving in mowing as well as a more modern appearance to these lower-growing, fine- textured species.” University research around the country is cited (from information supplied by the Institute board of advisors), in which bluegrasses and fine fescues are standard in appropriate climates. STORY ON WINTERSEEDING The Institute prepared for Seedmen’s Digest, a story entitled "Winterseeding; Are Seedsmen Missing a Bet?” This should appear sometime in autumn. The article points out that beautification, outdoor living, and a sophisticated resort clientele "spells a tremendous demand for the green color of living grass on southern lawns that naturally turn brown in winter”. This, rather than painting the dormant turf. "Research and practical experience on the better golf courses has proved the advantage of fine-textured grass combinations for the golf green. - - - The superintendent wants putting quality -- is hungry for appropriate combinations of Kentucky bluegrass, Poa trivialis, fine fescue and various bentgrasses. -- What is good for the golf green would seem automatically a status symbol for the luxury home lawn.” FOR GOLF AUDIENCE Dr. Schery has prepared for the Golf Superintendent, a story entitled "Blue- grass-Bentgrass Checks Poa”. This is a follow-up to articles appearing in the magazine discussing the checking of annual bluegrass on golf courses by chemical means. The story suggests that now, with many new varieties available, some of which adapt well to the low mowing required on the modern fairway, that biological means of fighting annual bluegrass are at hand. Evidence from the test plots at the Lawn Institute suggests, for example, that a low-mowed bluegrass in combination with Highland bentgrass presents good perennial competition to annual bluegrass. "WHAT THEY ARE SAYING:" 20 "Your Monday workshop was really topnotch." Lloyd Zeman National Farm & Home Publications "A couple of reprints in the series ‘Turfgrass Portraits' were forwarded to us by the Oregon Fine Fescue Commission. We found the articles very good and of benefit to us and would like to acquire the entire series of nine -- Any sug­ gestions you may have as to the type of grass or mixture we might try would be appreciated.” Alvis Z. Owen, Forest Supervisor Francis National Forests, Arkansas "I enjoyed reading your article ‘In Praise of Unpampered Turf' -- It is very well written, and timely.“ A. Y. Schultz, Chief Chemist Schultz Company, St. Louis, Mo. “It was certainly a pleasure to meet you last week and visit with you on the little problems of life such as crabgrass and soil insects, etc." H. M. Day Stauffer Chemical Company "Thanks very much for reviewing the articles on turf fertilization by Ward and Ferguson. Your comments regarding bluegrass in the Appalachian area across the South is a good one, and I am suggesting that we include it in Ward's article." W. H. Garman, Vice President National Plant Food Institute "You certainly were kind to provide all the information included in your letter of July 17. I am not certain at this moment how we will work this into the re­ port, but I certainly want to make use of as much of these valuable data as we possibly can." Samual L. Tisdale The Sulphur Institute "Since I have been appointed Extension Agronomist for West Virginia University, I would appreciate it very much if you would include my name on your mailing list." Clifford D. Porter West Virginia University " -- we would like to be included on the mailing list of the releases from the Better Lawn and Turf Institute." Dr. Robert J. Buker Farmers Forage Research Cooperative Lafayette, Indiana “Your news release ‘Political Candidates See More Bluegrass’ is a gem. Con­ gratulations!" Julian Walden (Walden Seed Company) Midway, Kentucky “You’ve been helpful to me in the past and I know you have offered to be of assistance to any of the garden writers if you could." Claude M. Gray, Associated Press "WHAT THEY ARE SAYING (Continued):" 21 "At the College of the Desert, we are offering two courses -- 'Turf Management' and 'Landscape Engineering'. The information in the courses that is given to the students needs to be up-dated. -- Would you send any literature that is available in the field?" Louis E. Hunt, College of the Desert. "When I opened the package from the Lawn Institute this morning I was delighted to encounter the many publications. Thank you so much for your cooperation, effort, and preparation of these materials. Ronald K. Bryant, Sierra College "I have received the reprints from 'Middleton' and the other two reprints from Mrs. Rush. Thank you so much for your interest and your cooperation." W. J. Garmhausen, Ohio Department of Highways "I just received your mailing of September 5, 1968 with the copy of the article 'The Label's the Clue to Lawn Seed'. This is very good and something I think we can use. Would you please send an additional 12 copies by return mail? Thanks very much." W. R. Somers, PATCO Products, Inc. To dealers and distributors, re. Institute story. - "It is with pride that we send you a copy of - - - A Speedy Way to Renovate Your Lawn. The article is extremely well done and suggests need for the two Parker products to develop and maintain lawns and good turf." -- Parker Sweeper Company "Thank you very much for -- 'Low But Not Lightweight'. I think this will make an excellent contribution to Weeds, Trees and Turf magazine - -" Editor, Harvest Publishing Company