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- Title
- Figuraciones transatlánticas : visiones globales de la narrativa hispánica contemporánea
- Creator
- Ruifernandez-Conde, Virginia
- Date
- 2013
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
This dissertation maps out the novelistic production of a handful of writers that I have coined "the Hispanic Atlantic." This term refers to a cultural, financial, and geographical space in which the Atlantic Ocean functions as a site that connects Spain, Spanish America, and the United States. The novelistic production I study questions the traditional notion of national literature. At the same time, my research provides a new look at what, after Jünger Habermas, has been labeled as ...
Show moreThis dissertation maps out the novelistic production of a handful of writers that I have coined "the Hispanic Atlantic." This term refers to a cultural, financial, and geographical space in which the Atlantic Ocean functions as a site that connects Spain, Spanish America, and the United States. The novelistic production I study questions the traditional notion of national literature. At the same time, my research provides a new look at what, after Jünger Habermas, has been labeled as "postnational." More specifically, my dissertation studies the intersection of Spanish and Latin American writers as they relocate on both sides of the Atlantic, and by doing so, reach new levels of global success that were unprecedented in Hispanic national literature. My dissertation focuses on the narrative work of authors Agustín Fernández Mallo, Javier Marías, Arturo Pérez-Reverte, and Carlos Ruiz Zafón from Spain, as well as Roberto Bolaño and Boris Izaguirre from Latin America. In my analysis of their works, I carefully examine the way in which notions of national cultures and their aftermath are represented with a particular emphasis on the reception of those works on both sides of the Atlantic.Chapter one concentrates on Spanish writers that today are influential in the global market of the novel. I start by examining the literary production of Arturo Pérez-Reverte and Carlos Ruiz Zafón. More specifically, I analyze the unprecedented global best-seller status that these writers are experiencing beyond the Spanish publishing industry. Chapter two studies two specific authors that have been successful in Spain, Latin America, and the United States, but still have not experienced a global commercial success similar to the authors studied in chapter one. These authors are Javier Cercas and Javier Marías. The historical and sociological referent of the literature they are producing is ingrained in Spanish national culture rather than in globalization. In this chapter, I explore the sociological reality of literary awards and the impact they have on the way the Spanish publishing industry promotes authors beyond Spanish borders. Finally, I also examine the high modernist status inherent in the works these authors produce.Chapter three focuses on the writing of two successful Latin American authors: Roberto Bolaño and Boris Izaguirre. As a result of the influx of global immigration to Spain, several cities (Barcelona, Madrid, Seville) are becoming the residence of many Latin American writers who have stayed in Spain and are experiencing enormous achievement. One of the most important examples is the case of the Chilean Roberto Bolaño whose novelistic project has become a success of global proportions. In my analysis of these two novelists, I pay close attention to the way in which these novels concerned themselves with the cultural counterpoint of nationhood and cosmopolitanism. Chapter four analyzes the latest Spanish narrative which pays attention to the global market. The work produced by these novelists is quite influenced by the U.S. cultural industry. My study focuses on the novelistic discourse of Spanish writers Ray Loriga, Lucía Etxebarría, and Agustín Fernández Mallo, as well as Afterpop ́s cultural critic Eloy Fernández Porta. In my study of these authors, I focus on how these writers incorporate different manifestations of pop and mass culture in order to actively participate in the global markets of the publishing industry.
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- Title
- De la resistencia a la revitalizacion cultural en la narrativa maya contemporanea
- Creator
- Moreno Mosqueda, Zenaida
- Date
- 2014
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
Esta disertación analiza cuatro obras de la narrativa maya contemporánea de Guatemala y Chiapas, México, publicadas entre las décadas de 1980 y 2000. Los textos elegidos para este estudio incluye las novelas El tiempo principia en Xibalbá (1985) de Luis de Lión, La otra cara: La vida de un maya (1992) y El retorno de los mayas (1998) de Gaspar Pedro González y la colección de cuentos Todo cambió (2006) de Josías López Gómez. Esta investigación estudia las transformaciones discursivas que se...
Show moreEsta disertación analiza cuatro obras de la narrativa maya contemporánea de Guatemala y Chiapas, México, publicadas entre las décadas de 1980 y 2000. Los textos elegidos para este estudio incluye las novelas El tiempo principia en Xibalbá (1985) de Luis de Lión, La otra cara: La vida de un maya (1992) y El retorno de los mayas (1998) de Gaspar Pedro González y la colección de cuentos Todo cambió (2006) de Josías López Gómez. Esta investigación estudia las transformaciones discursivas que se observan en las obras literarias de estos autores indígenas. Mi objetivo principal es demostrar que dichas transformaciones expresan la transición de un discurso maya contestatario a un discurso maya de revitalización cultural. Al examinar esta transición, esta disertación propone que la narrativa maya contemporánea trata los siguientes temas políticos, literarios e históricos: (1) problematiza categorías binarias de identidad racial y étnica como mestizo/ladino e indio/indígena así como su asociación al poder que se refleja en la relación entre hegemonía y subalternidad, (2) desestabiliza las representaciones estereotípicas y homogeneizantes de los pueblos indígenas para ilustrar su diversidad cultural y (3) enfatiza la capacidad y la determinación de los mayas para preservar su cultura y su identidad. Con este objetivo en mente, la disertación define el contexto histórico, sociocultural, político y artístico que precede la reaparición de la literatura maya contemporánea. Enseguida discute y analiza su discurso contestatario y el discurso de revitalización cultural así como la forma en que se manifiestan en las obras de los autores antes mencionados. La disertación concluye con una serie de ideas y temas aún pendientes en el estudio de la identidad indígena en la literatura maya contemporánea y latinoamericana.
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- Title
- Lyrical politics in the Spanish "state of exception" (1955-2009 : an analysis of the work of Valente, Vázquez Montalbán, Panero, and Rivas
- Creator
- Wrobel, Andrew Joseph
- Date
- 2015
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
This thesis discusses the social, political, and historical panorama of the Spanish “state of exception” as depicted by the poets José Ángel Valente, Manuel Vázquez Montalbán, Leopoldo María Panero, and Manuel Rivas. The poetic works that have been examined in this thesis were all published between 1955 and 2009. The works present the horrors of the Spanish Civil War and the harsh conditions during the nearly forty-year dictatorship of Francisco Franco, in addition to the failed transition to...
Show moreThis thesis discusses the social, political, and historical panorama of the Spanish “state of exception” as depicted by the poets José Ángel Valente, Manuel Vázquez Montalbán, Leopoldo María Panero, and Manuel Rivas. The poetic works that have been examined in this thesis were all published between 1955 and 2009. The works present the horrors of the Spanish Civil War and the harsh conditions during the nearly forty-year dictatorship of Francisco Franco, in addition to the failed transition to democracy that began after his death. Through an incorporation of theories on nostalgia, trauma, “docile bodies”, and “empty signifiers”, this dissertation will analyze the exceptional literary space created by the minority genre that is Spanish poetry. Due to the censura, overt political discourse could not be carried out, and thus it was poetry, whose verses could abscond covert criticisms of the Franco regime, that created the opportunity for political dissidence at a time when it would be punishable by death. The poetic texts studied here expose the existence of Spain’s “state of exception” and insist on its continuity despite the fact that Spain is now a Constitutional Monarchy.
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- Title
- Ayotzinapa : Carvana 43
- Creator
- Tiatempa Bello, Maria de Jesus
- Date
- 2015-04-09
- Collection
- G. Robert Vincent Voice Library Collection
- Description
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In a program entitled "Ayotzinapa: Carvana 43," family members of forty-three students kidnapped from the Mexican College of Ayotzinapa bring attention to the September 2014 tragedy. Maria de Jesus Tiatempa Bello talks about the event, the struggle to find the missing students, and why they have formed the Caravana. Cruz Bautista Salbador talks about the discovery of bodies in a mass grave and demands for a scientific analysis in the face of government attempts to sabotage the investigation....
Show moreIn a program entitled "Ayotzinapa: Carvana 43," family members of forty-three students kidnapped from the Mexican College of Ayotzinapa bring attention to the September 2014 tragedy. Maria de Jesus Tiatempa Bello talks about the event, the struggle to find the missing students, and why they have formed the Caravana. Cruz Bautista Salbador talks about the discovery of bodies in a mass grave and demands for a scientific analysis in the face of government attempts to sabotage the investigation. The speakers answer questions from the audience. The speakers are introduced by Caravana coordinator Julio Cesar Guerrero. Michigian State University Librries Asociate Director Peter Berg convenes the event. MSU Librarian Diana Rivera talks about the artist book created by Lorena Velazquez commemorating the event and its addition to the MSU Libraries' Special Collections. Dr. Shelia Contreras discusses the efforts to bring attention to the tragedy and the purpose of the Carvana. English to Spanish translation can be heard. Sponsored by the MSU Libraries and the MSU Chicano/Latino Studies Program. Held in the MSU Main Library.
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- Title
- La gente bien : literary and cultural representations of the Mexican aristocracy from the mid-twentieth century to the present
- Creator
- Solano-Rabago, Diomedes
- Date
- 2016
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
This dissertation studies novelistic, mass-media representations, as well as reproductive models of a particular, yet elusive sector of the Mexican elite frequently labeled as “gente bien” (“well-to-do”) a cultural construct in which perceptions of race and heritage confer distinction to a network of families of European descent. In my study, I claim that the literary and film production after the 1950’s decidedly questions the traditional Mexican national discourse that populist...
Show moreThis dissertation studies novelistic, mass-media representations, as well as reproductive models of a particular, yet elusive sector of the Mexican elite frequently labeled as “gente bien” (“well-to-do”) a cultural construct in which perceptions of race and heritage confer distinction to a network of families of European descent. In my study, I claim that the literary and film production after the 1950’s decidedly questions the traditional Mexican national discourse that populist administrations (from the Institutional Revolutionary Party, “el PRI”), imposed for most of the Twentieth Century. In developing my arguments for a new reading of some major works in Mexican fiction and film, this dissertation explains why it is essential to understand some of the literary responses to the Mexican post-revolutionary discourse by resorting to notions of cultural capital and class distinction in Mexican narratives, anchoring these concepts to the postcolonial perspective of social elites, the performativity of their rituals, and their strategies of social and biological reproduction. Since the late-1950’s a significant number of Mexican novelists and filmmakers have sought to capture the consequences of the Revolution on individuals and communities in works that depict Mexican society, especially the reality of a recognizable aristocracy. My dissertation examines the ways in which these authors seek to represent and comment on the decline of the landowning aristocracy vis-à-vis the upward social mobility of the industrial bourgeoisie, the newly-formed ruling elite, the aspiring middle classes; and most recently, media celebrities.The introduction hosts a theoretical framework that traces the genealogy of the Mexican aristocracy and maps out its presence in society. Chapter one concentrates on the early narrative of Carlos Fuentes and discusses the literary representations of the Mexican aristocrats and the process of imitation and social intermingling in the 1950s. Here, I compare several models of social reproduction that aristocrats use to preserve their status by making their social distinction a commodity.Chapter two studies the cinematographic portrayal of the Mexican elites in the second half of the Golden Age of Mexican Film (1950-1958). This chapter offers a close analysis of audiovisual status symbols that distinguish aristocratic characters. Since it was during this time that films sought to legitimize a post-revolutionary national image, here I question the historical and sociological referents presented as Mexican national culture and the artistic roles of Mexican film directors stars.Chapter three focuses on narrative works by Elena Poniatowska, Guadalupe Loaeza, and José Emilio Pacheco, all of whom published novels that depict social mobility and criticize the official discourse of the 1950’s in Mexico City. These novels, published in the last two decades of the Twentieth Century, present the manner by which aristocratic distinction is instilled and reproduced during childhood.Chapter four analyzes contemporary representations of the Mexican elite in television and social media. The first part concentrates on a collection of newspaper articles and vignettes that present comedic portrayals of wealthy women. This dissertation concludes with a critique to current trends in Mexican media, which has appropriated the aristocratic discourse and has extended it to characterize actors, elected officials, and other public personalities.
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- Title
- "Narrativas de transicion en el cine y la literatura de Chile : neorrealismo, virtualidad y cuerpos ciberneticos de la postdictadura"
- Creator
- Vidal-Jones, David A.
- Date
- 2016
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
This dissertation project explores cultural narratives in Chile during the transition to democracy from 1990 to 2010. I examine the impact of literature and cinema in the construction of (post) national discourses and its implications in the context of the globalized Chilean society. In the works of Alberto Fuguet, Carlos Franz, Alicia Scherson, Ernesto Díaz-Espinoza and Gonzalo Contreras, I advance the idea of a third space in transition which allows a post-colonial place of enunciation that...
Show moreThis dissertation project explores cultural narratives in Chile during the transition to democracy from 1990 to 2010. I examine the impact of literature and cinema in the construction of (post) national discourses and its implications in the context of the globalized Chilean society. In the works of Alberto Fuguet, Carlos Franz, Alicia Scherson, Ernesto Díaz-Espinoza and Gonzalo Contreras, I advance the idea of a third space in transition which allows a post-colonial place of enunciation that falls between democratic realism and authoritarian narratives of dictatorship.Following Bernardo Subercaseaux’s conceptualization of historical national time as a theatrical world of spectacle, this dissertation explores emergent narratives of liminal communities, interrupting dichotomist discourses about the past.This study situates the following literary and cinematographic corpus between the centripetal discourse of national imagined communities and the centrifugal dynamics of globalized imagination. Walter Mignolo’s concept of ‘borderthinking’ helps to problematize the post authoritarian local-global axis, inciting the following question: Can we determine the existence of a new kind of post-national neorealism in Chile’s post-authoritarian period? If so, do these narratives present a disruption from the post-dictatorial rhetoric? Alberto Fuguet’s novel Mala onda (1991) and film Se arrienda (2005) offer fractured subjects as they enter fluid spaces between modernity and resistance. As the main characters fail, desacralizing the bildungsroman, they allow a critical representation of the subject within democratic realism, defined by Nelly Richards. Conversely, Ernesto Díaz-Espinoza and his film trilogy Kiltro, Mirageman and Mandrill (2006-2009) render a parody of the national hero between the fluid spaces of global and local realities. Through the novel Películas de mi vida (1993), Alberto Fuguet dislocates the period of political transition towards democracy with new temporality and velocity relocating the narrative from extraterritorial spaces. This study problematizes also the concept of ‘virtual realism’ in Alicia Scherson’s film Play (2005) and Carlos Franz’s novel Santiago cero (1988). These works navigate the world of hyperreality created through epistolary interchanges and virtual gaming to contest the place of enunciation of the national subject, specifically its construction and deconstruction process of Santiago’s neoliberal landscape. Finally, the figure of the cyborg appears to challenge democratic progressivism through historicity and memory in the works of Gonzalo Contreras’s novel La ciudad anterior (1991) and Alberto Fuguet’s film Velódromo (2009).It is important to establish a connection between these works and new ‘glocal’ imaginaries that have been overlooked since the decade of the 1990s. These cultural productions, in their visual and textual dynamic language, challenge national identities by intersecting the global with a local through folklorization, parody, and hyperbolic realisms. They deconstruct the naturalized national hero and reconstitute virtual and precarious cyborg identities disrupting dominant discourses such as the dictatorship and the democratic transition rhetoric.
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- Title
- Estrellas, medios y relatos de fútbol en México (1941-2001)
- Creator
- Gonzalez Landeros, Alejandro
- Date
- 2016
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
ABSTRACTESTRELLAS, MEDIOS Y RELATOS DE FÚTBOL EN MÉXICO (1941-2001) ByAlejandro González Landeros This doctoral dissertation explores how Mexican soccer narratives have changed throughout the 20th century under the impact of different platforms of mass media and new technologies (i.e. written press, radio, cinema and television). I have three goals in undertaking this project. First, I map and trace the history of changes of what I call “the parole of Mexican soccer” or the way Mexico talks...
Show moreABSTRACTESTRELLAS, MEDIOS Y RELATOS DE FÚTBOL EN MÉXICO (1941-2001) ByAlejandro González Landeros This doctoral dissertation explores how Mexican soccer narratives have changed throughout the 20th century under the impact of different platforms of mass media and new technologies (i.e. written press, radio, cinema and television). I have three goals in undertaking this project. First, I map and trace the history of changes of what I call “the parole of Mexican soccer” or the way Mexico talks about soccer. Second, I explore how Mexican media invested in creating a soccer star mega-system. Third, I analyze how Mexican soccer imagination changes under the impact of a media cross-fertilizations process. Up to this point, there are no studies that research how different technologies influence of language of Mexican soccer. This is a void that I propose to fill by revising the history of the relationship between soccer and mass media in Mexico throughout the 20th century. My dissertation consists of 5 chapters. The first chapter analyzes Esto, which became the sports weekly magazine most widely sold in Mexico during the 40s. In this chapter, I examine how Esto narrated soccer by addressing the following questions: 1) how did the press begin to organize and imagine Mexican soccer narratives, 2) how did Esto’s chronicles and/or interviews build a star-system that later established itself as a common practice for other mass media, and 3) what rhetoric started to be associated with soccer, or how was a soccer narrative founded in the newspapers of the 1940s. The second chapter analyzes the “Golden Age” of Mexican cinema, especially the movie Los hijos de don Venancio (1944). I review how did cinema speak about soccer in Mexico along with the star system that movies built or how they fed the celebrity discourse already institutionalized by the written press. In chapter three, I focus in Chanoc (1959-1981?), which was one of the most successful comic books in the 1960s through the 1980s. By entering the universe of soccer comic books, Mexican soccer began to be narrated through parody and picaresque. Also, the topics start to diversify. Acknowledging all these changes, I explore how Chanoc mocked the “nación mexicana futbolera” through the lens and satirized language of Televisa sport commentator Ángel Fernández, a major talking point of Chanoc’s football series. Chapter four analyzes how Tomás Mojarro talked in his UNAM radio program Paliques y cabeceos (1982-1986) about the social and economic implications that the 1986 World Cup had on its staging throughout Mexico. Tomás Mojarro provides insights into Televisas’s investments in the mega-event, and how the Mexican state aided the media corporation. The last chapter analyzes the telenovela El juego de la vida (2001) and the new “sentimental” and “feminine” language that the soap opera added to the existing (male) narratives of soccer in Mexico. I am interested in finding how this telenovela was able to imagine the impossible women of mid/high classes becoming protagonists of such an uncharted territory of Mexican masculine landscape.
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- Title
- Retórica de la imitación : identidad sexual y raza en la producción cultural dominicana y puertorriqueña contemporánea
- Creator
- Montalvo, Jonathan
- Date
- 2017
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
Esta tesis examina cómo las producciones culturales de la República Dominicana y Puerto Rico, particularmente la literatura y el cine, establecen una conexión entre género, sexualidad, raza y los discursos políticos e intelectuales represivos en ambos países. Exploraré desde una perspectiva queer cómo estas producciones (de)centralizan los discursos hegemónicos y paternalistas que perpetúan identidades raciales, sexuales y de género fijas en la región. En este proceso de cuestionamiento, se...
Show moreEsta tesis examina cómo las producciones culturales de la República Dominicana y Puerto Rico, particularmente la literatura y el cine, establecen una conexión entre género, sexualidad, raza y los discursos políticos e intelectuales represivos en ambos países. Exploraré desde una perspectiva queer cómo estas producciones (de)centralizan los discursos hegemónicos y paternalistas que perpetúan identidades raciales, sexuales y de género fijas en la región. En este proceso de cuestionamiento, se pueden identificar dos tendencias que guían este estudio. Por un lado, las producciones puertorriqueñas queer reproducen y a la vez cuestionan los discursos de los intelectuales de la Generación del 30. Por otro lado, los escritores dominicanos denuncian las luchas de la comunidad diverso-sexual y sus estrategias para sobrevivir en una sociedad caótica a consecuencia de los disturbios políticos durante los regímenes de Rafael L. Trujillo y Joaquín Balaguer. Los autores dominicanos y puertorriqueños analizados en este estudio utilizan una nueva retórica caribeña, la cual llamo la retórica de la imitación. Los personajes de las obras analizadas imitan algunos elementos de modelos sexo-genéricos y raciales hegemónicos. De este modo, los escritores contemporáneos utilizan esta nueva retórica para idear estrategias (a través de la imitación de esos modelos) con las cuales puedan cuestionar los discursos dominantes históricamente perpetuados por la clase política e intelectual de ambos países caribeños.
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- Title
- Environmental stewardship and the production of subjectivities : indigenous, scientific, and economic rationalities in Ancash, Peru
- Creator
- Kalman, Rowenn Beth
- Date
- 2017
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
In the region of Ancash, Peru, rural farmers, NGO staff, state workers, and mine engineers all argue that environmental conciencia (consciousness) is crucial for protecting natural resources from pollution and overuse. However, they draw on different rationales of indigeneity, science, and economics to define what constitutes effective conservation and who has authority over nature. NGOs train rural farmers to be 2environmental promoters3 who monitor pollution and embrace ancestral ...
Show moreIn the region of Ancash, Peru, rural farmers, NGO staff, state workers, and mine engineers all argue that environmental conciencia (consciousness) is crucial for protecting natural resources from pollution and overuse. However, they draw on different rationales of indigeneity, science, and economics to define what constitutes effective conservation and who has authority over nature. NGOs train rural farmers to be 2environmental promoters3 who monitor pollution and embrace ancestral (indigenous Andean) views of nature as they coordinate among mine companies, state authorities, and their fellow villagers. This dissertation argues that promoter training reflects an attempt to create environmental subjects—those who view the stewardship of nature as necessary for resource preservation (Agrawal 2005)—but that differently situated subjects decide to protect nature for different reasons. Through community-based stewardship, promoters and other actors draw from the multiple discourses of conciencia (indigenous, scientific, and economic) to dispute both state-sanctioned and private sector authority, articulating competing ideas of environmental management. This argument departs from previous analyses of decentralization and environmental governance that suggest community stewardship initiatives lead marginal resource users into deeper compliance with a singular, state-sanctioned logic. Further, existing scholarship on environmental subjectivity does not consider how other dimensions of subjectivity are engaged and reconstructed through processes cultivating environmental subjects. In Ancash, actors continuously re-situate themselves in different ways with respect to gender, ethnicity, scientific expertise, and economic incentives according to their own priorities. Some resource users (including rural indigenous women) have been less able to participate in debates over stewardship, but are symbolically central to indigenous constructions of it. In analyzing the context of competing discourses and multifaceted subjectivities involved in environmental stewardship, this dissertation advances a new scholarly approach to subjectivity and environmental governance that illuminates inequalities and explains how and why rural stewards participate in diverse, strategic, and sometimes ambivalent ways.
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- Title
- Verbal morphology in L2 Spanish : morphological deficits and processing strategies
- Creator
- Johnston, Suzanne (Suzanne A.)
- Date
- 2017
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
One of the fundamental questions in second language (L2) research asks whether L2 learners can access inflectional morphology in real time to process sentences in a native-like manner. More recently, research has indicated that the L2 parser is less efficient than the native parser, and only near native learners may be capable of processing sentences like native speakers (Hopp, 2010; Keating, 2009). Furthermore, L2 learners may continue to rely on nonnative-like processing strategies to make...
Show moreOne of the fundamental questions in second language (L2) research asks whether L2 learners can access inflectional morphology in real time to process sentences in a native-like manner. More recently, research has indicated that the L2 parser is less efficient than the native parser, and only near native learners may be capable of processing sentences like native speakers (Hopp, 2010; Keating, 2009). Furthermore, L2 learners may continue to rely on nonnative-like processing strategies to make up for processing deficits in L2 comprehension, even after inflectional morphology has been acquired (Ellis & Sagarra, 2010; LoCoco, 1987; VanPatten, 1984, 1990, 1996). The current dissertation examines such behavior by examining the development and processing of subject/verb agreement in L2 Spanish. L1 English/L2 Spanish speakers completed two self-paced reading tasks that testeds whether they perceived errors in morphological inflection, and whether they could reliably use morpho-syntactic cues during real time processing. A third self-paced reading task examined whether L2 learners' processing was facilitated by the presence of overt subjects. Results suggest that while L2 learners showed sensitivity to some errors, the parser did not regularly process inflection during on-line comprehension. Furthermore, L2 learner processing was facilitated by the presence of an overt subject. These results are compatible with the prediction that L2 parsers are less efficient than L1 parsers, and that L2 learners may continue to rely on L1 or universal processing measures after morphological inflection has been acquired.
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- Title
- Deforestation degrades rain forest stream habitat and biodiversity over time in the Rama-Kriol indigenous territory, southeast Nicaragua
- Creator
- Betts, Joel Thomas
- Date
- 2019
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
In southeast Nicaragua, recent waves of illegal deforestation for cattle pasture are damaging the Indio-Maiz Biological Reserve (IMBR) and Rama-Kriol territory (RKT), with negative consequences to aquatic ecosystems and the people who rely on services they provide. Deforestation and subsequent land use are causing shifts in stream community structure that are mediated by changes in stream habitat. This study integrated temporally explicit land use information with stream habitat,...
Show moreIn southeast Nicaragua, recent waves of illegal deforestation for cattle pasture are damaging the Indio-Maiz Biological Reserve (IMBR) and Rama-Kriol territory (RKT), with negative consequences to aquatic ecosystems and the people who rely on services they provide. Deforestation and subsequent land use are causing shifts in stream community structure that are mediated by changes in stream habitat. This study integrated temporally explicit land use information with stream habitat, macroinvertebrate, freshwater shrimp, and fish community data to assess impacts of deforestation on 15 headwater streams in southeast Nicaragua's poorly studied protected rainforests. The new calculation, deforestation history index (DFI), a product of deforestation amount and time since deforestation for the catchment draining to each stream reach, was the best linear predictor of most taxa responses-better than other habitat metrics and raw forest cover at multiple scales. Stream reaches that were deforested for a longer time and to a larger extent-thus having higher values for the DFI-had less large wood, organic debris, macroalgae, and macrophytes; more stream bank erosion and sedimentation; degraded riparia; lower diversity and abundance of macroinvertebrates, shrimp, and fish; higher invertebrate evenness; and distinct changes in invertebrate community composition. All deforested reaches also had smaller sized game fish. New registers of fish species and insect genera were recorded for Nicaragua. As this is the first aquatic study in these watersheds of the IMBR and RKT, this region should be a high priority for further research and conservation investment before it is lost.
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- Title
- In and out of the peripheral network city : urban spaces written by violence in postwar Guatemala
- Creator
- Bentley, Andrew (Graduate of Michigan State University)
- Date
- 2019
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
-
"'In and Out of the Peripheral Network City: Urban Spaces Written by Violence in Postwar Guatemala' analyzes transformations of urban space and culture in contemporary Guatemala. More specifically, the study focuses on material and discursive responses to urban violence as they appear in literature and related cultural products in and about postwar Guatemala City (1997-present). The study contends that, while Guatemala City undeniably operates under the same logic as substantially larger...
Show more"'In and Out of the Peripheral Network City: Urban Spaces Written by Violence in Postwar Guatemala' analyzes transformations of urban space and culture in contemporary Guatemala. More specifically, the study focuses on material and discursive responses to urban violence as they appear in literature and related cultural products in and about postwar Guatemala City (1997-present). The study contends that, while Guatemala City undeniably operates under the same logic as substantially larger Latin American megacities, with populations of 8 million and up, it must be read under its own terms, considering its recent history and cultural production that responds to such history, as well as the city layout, which shapes cultural mediations of people. Thus, I propose the trope of the peripheral network city---a mid-sized, partitioned urban sprawl, shaped by citizen and state involvement, with qualities of the megacity and the megaslum---to analyze Guatemala City's heterogeneous spaces and the role of violence in constructing them. I conceptualize the peripheral network city through the lens of four main theoretical approaches: the archive, the repertoire, necropolitics, and violence. Discussions of these main theoretical concepts draw upon critical debates by thinkers such as Jacques Derrida, Ann Laura Stoler, Antoinette Burton, Diana Taylor, Mike Davis, Achille Mbembe, and Slavoj Zizek, among others. To read the peripheral network city, the specific texts under consideration are the site of the Archivo Historico de la Policia Nacional [Historical Archive of the National Police, AHPN] and its novelistic representation in Rodrigo Rey Rosa's 2009 novel El material humano [Human Matter], photographs of disappeared persons on the walls of buildings in Guatemala City's Historic Center, the novel Ruido de fondo [Background Noise] (2006) by Javier Payeras, and the collection of short stories perZONA (2014) by Juan Pensamiento Velasco. By offering new paradigms through which to read the Global South city in the 21st century, this study contends that cultural production, and the city itself, register traces of the recent past and ensure the survival of urban violence not as a transient mode but rather as a structuring principle of culture in postwar Guatemala. More broadly, the dissertation posits that such a reading of violent urban spaces allows us to understand Latin America and the Global South from a Guatemalan perspective, which until now has been largely ignored by cultural criticism."--Pages ii-iii.
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- Title
- "LA GRAN CEGUEDAD DE ESTA MISERABLE GENTE : " VIOLENCIA CULTURAL Y NEGOCIACIONES DISCURSIVAS EN EL MANUSCRITO DE HUAROCHIRI (c. 1608)
- Creator
- Berrios-Campos, Claudia
- Date
- 2021
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
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Esta tesis examina el manuscrito quechua del siglo XVII conocido como Manuscrito de Huarochirí como un ejemplo de una violenta zona de contacto en la cual las creencias y conocimientos culturales, ideológicos y religiosos europeos confrontaron los modos indígenas de pensar, conocer y preservar de la memoria y las historias locales y globales. En este contexto, observo los intentos europeos de controlar las creencias y las respuestas indígenas (asimilación, negociación, resistencia) a las...
Show moreEsta tesis examina el manuscrito quechua del siglo XVII conocido como Manuscrito de Huarochirí como un ejemplo de una violenta zona de contacto en la cual las creencias y conocimientos culturales, ideológicos y religiosos europeos confrontaron los modos indígenas de pensar, conocer y preservar de la memoria y las historias locales y globales. En este contexto, observo los intentos europeos de controlar las creencias y las respuestas indígenas (asimilación, negociación, resistencia) a las imposiciones españolas cristianas e imperiales. De esta manera, los colonizadores españoles y extirpadores de idolatrías lideraron una guerra con el propósito de alcanzar un poder simbólico mientras agentes indígenas tales como curacas, interpretes, escribas y secretarios intentaban mantener vivo el saber indígena. A través de una investigación interdisciplinaria entre la historia social, la lingüística, el pensamiento político, los estudios religiosos y un enfoque decolonial, esta tesis traza la colonización europea a través del desarrollo de la extirpación de idolatrías en el Arzobispado de Lima durante los primeros cincuenta años del siglo XVII como un proceso que buscó controlar los sistemas de creencias andinos y sus discursos. Esta colonización trasatlántica de imágenes, símbolos y prácticas intentó deshacerse de la gnoseología indígena y los principios sociales nativos, tales como la reciprocidad, el tinkuy (encuentro, confluencia) o el pachakutiy (la inversión del mundo). De esta manera, manifestaciones de esta guerra de símbolos alcanzaron el poder imperial más allá del Atlántico, pero no fueron percibidas como amenazas inmediatas. Sin embargo, la cuestión de la recepción de estas ideas, así como la idea de una gnoseología andina, todavía queda por ser estudiada. Específicamente, estudio ejemplos textuales de una violencia cultural, ideológica y simbólica hacia los modos indígenas de conocimiento y saber. El pensamiento y el conocimiento indígena se encuentra arraigado en estas historias y tradiciones, las cuales han sido leídas en el pasado como un discurso mítico. Mi investigación confronta la naturaleza problemática de esta lectura a través de un enfoque decolonial que considera las dinámicas discursivas y culturales entre las comunidades indígenas y los colonizadores europeos como un producto de la colonialidad del saber impuesta por el proceso de colonización del continente americano. Presto atención a estas dinámicas culturales como procesos de negociación discursivos con el objetivo de adquirir un poder simbólico que permitirá a los sujetos indígenas colonizados subsistir y resistir en un contexto (post)colonial. Mi tesis abre la puerta a la mirada imperial enfrentada a la diversidad en las formas indígenas de entender el mundo.
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- Title
- MISTRAL Y EL MAR MATERNIDAD CUIR, NATURALEZA E INTIMIDAD EN LA POESÍA DE GABRIELA MISTRAL
- Creator
- Arimany, Vivian
- Date
- 2022
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
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Esta tesis plantea que a través de la naturaleza (el agua, las plantas, etc.) la voz femenina en los poemas de Gabriela Mistral “Meciendo” de Ternura (1924), las dos primeras secciones de “Canciones en el mar” y “El suplicio” de Desolación (1922) al igual que “La otra” de Lagar (1924), alude a nuevas maneras de encarnar la maternidad y los roles de género. Se puede leer maternidad cuir al igual que un desafío de los discursos patriarcales sobre la feminidad y la mujer, y también se retratan...
Show moreEsta tesis plantea que a través de la naturaleza (el agua, las plantas, etc.) la voz femenina en los poemas de Gabriela Mistral “Meciendo” de Ternura (1924), las dos primeras secciones de “Canciones en el mar” y “El suplicio” de Desolación (1922) al igual que “La otra” de Lagar (1924), alude a nuevas maneras de encarnar la maternidad y los roles de género. Se puede leer maternidad cuir al igual que un desafío de los discursos patriarcales sobre la feminidad y la mujer, y también se retratan diferentes maneras de vivir la feminidad. Asimismo, existe una búsqueda de la intimidad, que se define a partir de las propuestas de Francisco Cruces y Lauren Berlant, como una experiencia que puede suceder tanto entre dos cuerpos autónomos como en la relación personal con uno mismo. La naturaleza es un nudo conector entre estos poemas porque funciona como trasfondo escénico, así como un vehículo para que la voz poética rompa los esquemas sociales tradicionales con el fin de vivir la feminidad y la maternidad de manera alternativa a los dictámenes patriarcales.
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- Title
- “PALABRA EMPEÑADA” : LA CONFIGURACIÓN INTELECTUAL DE GABRIELA MISTRAL A TRAVÉS DE SUS CARTAS, 1914-1957
- Creator
- Romero, Lau
- Date
- 2022
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
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Gabriela Mistral (1889 – 1957) fue la primera mujer latinoamericana en obtener el Premio Nobel de Literatura, en 1945. Su reconocimiento como una fue tardío en su país natal, Chile, donde recibió el Premio Nacional de Literatura en 1951. Esta tesis investiga la correspondencia privada de Gabriela Mistral durante el período 1914 a 1957 para buscar otra explicación al fenómeno mistraliano fuera de su innegable talento. En otras palabras, esta investigación se centra en aquellas estrategias que...
Show moreGabriela Mistral (1889 – 1957) fue la primera mujer latinoamericana en obtener el Premio Nobel de Literatura, en 1945. Su reconocimiento como una fue tardío en su país natal, Chile, donde recibió el Premio Nacional de Literatura en 1951. Esta tesis investiga la correspondencia privada de Gabriela Mistral durante el período 1914 a 1957 para buscar otra explicación al fenómeno mistraliano fuera de su innegable talento. En otras palabras, esta investigación se centra en aquellas estrategias que la escritora despliega dentro del campo cultural tanto chileno como internacional (Pierre Bourdieu 1990; Toril Moi 1999; Gonzalo Catalán 1985) para asegurar su sitio dentro del mismo, expandir sus redes intelectuales y afectivas, y proteger su continuidad a través de la obtención de capital simbólico. La organización de la tesis, compuesta en cuatro capítulos, gira en torno a “nudos” en los cuales la trayectoria profesional de Mistral –y su capital acumulado– se pone en riesgo y/o se refuerzan a través del establecimiento de alianzas, amistades y favores. De allí también que la hipótesis principal se organice en torno a la “palabra empeñada”, como moneda de intercambio que posibilita no sólo diversas performances por parte de la autora, sino también por parte de sus interlocutores.
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- Title
- REPRESENTACIONES DE LA CORRUPCIÓN Y LA VIOLENCIA DE ESTADO EN MÉXICO A TRAVÉS DE LA LITERATURA, LA MÚSICA Y EL CINE
- Creator
- Badillo Carlos, José Adrián
- Date
- 2022
- Collection
- Electronic Theses & Dissertations
- Description
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Esta disertación examina las representaciones de la violencia y la corrupción del Estado en México mediante el análisis de obras literarias, musicales y cinematográficas desde principios de la década de 1960 hasta la actualidad. El enfoque de este proyecto es analizar cómo la literatura y las producciones culturales han respondido ante el papel que ha desempeñado el Estado mexicano en eventos históricos caracterizados por la violencia y la corrupción. Este proyecto inicia con la Masacre de...
Show moreEsta disertación examina las representaciones de la violencia y la corrupción del Estado en México mediante el análisis de obras literarias, musicales y cinematográficas desde principios de la década de 1960 hasta la actualidad. El enfoque de este proyecto es analizar cómo la literatura y las producciones culturales han respondido ante el papel que ha desempeñado el Estado mexicano en eventos históricos caracterizados por la violencia y la corrupción. Este proyecto inicia con la Masacre de Tlatelolco ocurrida en 1968 en la Ciudad de México. Por medio de la obra Regina, dos de octubre no se olvida (1988) de Antonio Velazco Piña se explora el intento del autor por recuperar una memoria histórica y se analiza también las representaciones de la violencia de Estado en contra del movimiento estudiantil en 1968 y los efectos sociales, políticos y culturales que esto genera en la década de los setentas. A través de obras literarias como El amante de Janis Joplin (2001) de Elmer Mendoza y Trabajos del reino (2004) de Yuri Herrera, este trabajo analiza las representaciones ficticias de la violencia de Estado y el desarrollo del narcotráfico en la década de los setentas, haciendo un énfasis en cómo se legitima y se representa la violencia subjetiva, sistémica y cultural. Desde el ámbito musical, este proyecto también analiza las representaciones de la violencia a través de géneros musicales como el rock y los narcocorridos. A pesar del intento de censura por parte del Estado, ambos géneros musicales han funcionado como una vía de expresión popular para proponer una contra narrativa del discurso oficial al igual que para protestar los sistemas de corrupción y violencia. Estas representaciones se profundizan aún más en el cine mexicano a partir del cambio de gobierno ocurrido en el 2000. Por medio de La ley de Herodes (1999) y El infierno (2010) de Luis Estrada, este proyecto presenta un análisis de las representaciones de la violencia y la corrupción desde una perspectiva satírica. El objetivo de este acercamiento es analizar los efectos de comicidad y reflexión que genera la sátira al abordar representaciones de violencia, corrupción y narcotráfico.
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