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- Title
- The initial position and postural attitudes of driver occupants, posture
- Creator
- Brodeur, Raymond R. (Raymond Robert)
- Date
- 1996-06-21
- Collection
- Ergonomics Research Laboratory Reports
- Description
-
The posture, pressure and subjective responses of forty subjects (20 male, 20 female) were measured during two highway drives. Four video cameras were used to measure targets on each subject in addition to measuring EMG and pressure in the seat cushion and the seat back using pressure mats. Subjective questions were asked at specific time intervals or if the subject adjusted the seat or indicated they were feeling uncomfortable. The goal of this research was to compare the objective...
Show moreThe posture, pressure and subjective responses of forty subjects (20 male, 20 female) were measured during two highway drives. Four video cameras were used to measure targets on each subject in addition to measuring EMG and pressure in the seat cushion and the seat back using pressure mats. Subjective questions were asked at specific time intervals or if the subject adjusted the seat or indicated they were feeling uncomfortable. The goal of this research was to compare the objective measurements to the subjective comfort responses of the subjects. In this report we describe the posture of the subjects during two different highway drive tests. During the fixed back drive, the seatback angle was controlled at a 15o or 30o back angle, in random order, with subjects able to control all adjustments on the 12-way power seats except back angle. During the free comfort drive, subjects had full control over all of the 12 adjustments (6-way power seat, 4-way lumbar support, 2-way back angle). We found that compared to the SAE seat design template, Oscar, all subjects sat with their hip joints significantly forward of the H-point and that the point of maximum deflection (D-point) for the subjects was further forward and with less penetration than that of the design template. Both males and females sat with similar torso-thigh angles as that of the design template, but males sat with a more reclined posture than females and with larger elbow angles. Compared to the design knee angle, both males and females were significantly less than that of Oscar, with males having an even smaller angle than females. Most males had the seat at the full rear-ward position, which was probably a factor in their knee angle. The reclined (30o) seatback angle resulted in the most upright posture, but we strongly suspect that this was maintained with significant muscle activity in order to position the back and head to operate the vehicle.
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- Title
- The initial position and postural attitude of vehicle operators : H-point and D-point in the pelvis
- Creator
- Brodeur, Raymond R. (Raymond Robert)
- Date
- 1995-08-15
- Collection
- Ergonomics Research Laboratory Reports
- Description
-
Seated posture can be accurately described when the position of the pelvis is accurately measured. The pelvis is one of the most difficult body segments to measure due to the amount of tissue overlaying it and the fact that it is a very private area of the body. To the automobile seat manufacturer, three points on the pelvis are of great importance: H-point (hip joint location) D-point (ischial tuberosity) and ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine). H-point is most important for vehicle...
Show moreSeated posture can be accurately described when the position of the pelvis is accurately measured. The pelvis is one of the most difficult body segments to measure due to the amount of tissue overlaying it and the fact that it is a very private area of the body. To the automobile seat manufacturer, three points on the pelvis are of great importance: H-point (hip joint location) D-point (ischial tuberosity) and ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine). H-point is most important for vehicle packaging, D-point is important for comfort and safety of the occupant and the lap belt is most effective for holding the pelvis in the seat during a crash if it is below the ASIS. This report describes methods developed at the Ergonomics Research Laboratory for measuring pelvic position, using non-invasive methods for locating H-point and D-point. Results from 102 subjects are summarized, describing five points measured on each subject's pelvis and one additional point (H-point) calculated from the measured data.
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- Title
- Modeling spine shape for the seated posture
- Creator
- Brodeur, Raymond R. (Raymond Robert)
- Date
- 1995-12-21
- Collection
- Ergonomics Research Laboratory Reports
- Description
-
Regression models were developed for predicting spine curvature for a given posture based on the position of the chest and pelvis. The first type of model is highly individualistic, requiring measurement of the subject in several seated postures in order to determine the regression equations between chest position and lumbar spine curvature (most subjects have r2 > 0.8). The second type is a general model based on a large sample of 102 subjects (50 males and 52 females). This regression model...
Show moreRegression models were developed for predicting spine curvature for a given posture based on the position of the chest and pelvis. The first type of model is highly individualistic, requiring measurement of the subject in several seated postures in order to determine the regression equations between chest position and lumbar spine curvature (most subjects have r2 > 0.8). The second type is a general model based on a large sample of 102 subjects (50 males and 52 females). This regression model is less accurate (r2 = 0.62) but is simple to implement.
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