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Title: DO NEIGHBORHOOD PARKS IN A DECLINED CITY IMPROVE HOUSING PROPERTY VALUE?
Creator: Cook, Teddy R.
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: ABSTRACTDO NEIGHBORHOOD PARKS IN A DECLINED CITY IMPROVE HOUSING PROPERTY VALUE?By Teddy R. CookMany studies that have assessed the economic benefit of urban greenspace have demonstrated that greenspace has a positive effect on the property value and overall desirability of properties. Previous studies, however, have yet to explore the City of Detroit after the 2013 Bankruptcy, the subsequent decline in population, and the relationship of greenspace toward the single-family property value. In...
Show moreABSTRACTDO NEIGHBORHOOD PARKS IN A DECLINED CITY IMPROVE HOUSING PROPERTY VALUE?By Teddy R. CookMany studies that have assessed the economic benefit of urban greenspace have demonstrated that greenspace has a positive effect on the property value and overall desirability of properties. Previous studies, however, have yet to explore the City of Detroit after the 2013 Bankruptcy, the subsequent decline in population, and the relationship of greenspace toward the single-family property value. In this research, real estate transactions were collected from Michigan’s city of Detroit open data portal, to examine the relationship between community park size, proximity to the park, and the monetary value of single-family housing property. The data gathered was inputted into GIS in order provide spatial results that are more reliable to see, analyze, and understand the patterns and relationships. The results of the statistical model showed that an inverse correlation exists between parks and single-family house transaction value. This correlation highlights the current conditions that are in prevalent in the greater Detroit. This research is an effective gauge to steer the future municipality planning of the communities affected by the population decline.
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Title: ADVANCING BLUEBERRY POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY : THE EFFECT OF SULFUR DIOXIDE FUMIGATION ON BLUEBERRY PHYSIOLOGY AND RNA-SEQ OF THE BLUEBERRY-COLLETOTRICHUM FIORINIAE PATHOSYSTEM IN ‘ELLIOTT’ FRUIT
Creator: Abeli, Patrick
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: The physiology and biology of blueberry fruit is the most important consideration for understanding postharvest storage. Fruit physiology is responsive to many stimuli including biotic, genetic, and environmental inputs. The extent to which a blueberry fruit are affected by these factors is largely cultivar dependent. The following studies address two aspects of blueberry fruit postharvest biology as it relates to pest control: In Chapter 2, we explore the effect of SO2 fumigation on five...
Show moreThe physiology and biology of blueberry fruit is the most important consideration for understanding postharvest storage. Fruit physiology is responsive to many stimuli including biotic, genetic, and environmental inputs. The extent to which a blueberry fruit are affected by these factors is largely cultivar dependent. The following studies address two aspects of blueberry fruit postharvest biology as it relates to pest control: In Chapter 2, we explore the effect of SO2 fumigation on five blueberry cultivars: ‘Bluecrop’, ‘Draper’, ‘Elliott’, ‘Jersey’, and ‘Liberty’ and the extent to which SO2 fumigation can be used to disinfest blueberry fruit of blueberry maggot (BBM) Rhagoletis mendax Curran. In Chapter 3, we use RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to reveal genes differentially expressed (DE) in ‘Elliott’ fruit in response to infection by Colletotrichum fioriniae compared to mock- (water-) inoculated fruit. By filtering out DE genes in mock-inoculated fruit postharvest, as well as DE genes in infected ‘Jersey’ and ‘Draper’ fruit, we discovered 113 genes unique to ‘Elliott’ fruit that are inoculation-responsive. This set of genes include canonical plant resistance genes as well as genes associated with secondary metabolite biosynthesis, cell wall metabolism, reactive oxygen species production and scavenging, and the hypersensitive response. These studies provide important groundwork for future blueberry breeding by identifying cultivars with genetics and physiology amenable to different interventions for reducing postharvest fruit losses.
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Title: Breastfeeding history and adenomyosis risk using a novel case-control study design
Creator: Hall, Mandy Sue
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Adenomyosis is characterized by presence of endometrial tissue within the muscular wall of the uterus and is associated with substantial morbidity. While etiology of adenomyosis remains unknown, an estrogenic milieu contributes to disease pathogenesis. We hypothesize that lactation, wherein infant suckling inhibits ovulation and induces a hypoestrogenic state, is associated with decreased adenomyosis risk. We investigated this hypothesis using data from a case-control study of adenomyosis...
Show moreAdenomyosis is characterized by presence of endometrial tissue within the muscular wall of the uterus and is associated with substantial morbidity. While etiology of adenomyosis remains unknown, an estrogenic milieu contributes to disease pathogenesis. We hypothesize that lactation, wherein infant suckling inhibits ovulation and induces a hypoestrogenic state, is associated with decreased adenomyosis risk. We investigated this hypothesis using data from a case-control study of adenomyosis conducted among female enrollees of a large healthcare system in Washington State. In that study, incident, pathology-confirmed adenomyosis cases diagnosed 2001-2006 were identified and two control groups were employed: randomly selected age-matched enrollees with intact uteri (“population controls”) and hysterectomy controls. Breastfeeding history of initiation and duration for each live birth reported were collected by in-person interview. We restricted the analytic sample to those with at least one live birth (330 cases, 246 population controls, and 198 hysterectomy controls) and used logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between adenomyosis and breastfeeding, adjusting for age, reference year, smoking, education, and parity. Using population controls, history of ever breastfeeding or ever breastfeeding an infant for ≥ eight weeks were associated with a 40% decreased risk of adenomyosis (ever breastfed: OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.3, 1.0; ever breastfed an infant ≥ eight weeks: OR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4, 0.8). The magnitude of association was stronger with longer lifetime breastfeeding duration (≥12 months vs. 0-<3 months: OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.6) and exclusive breastfeeding (≥12 months vs. 0-<3 months: OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.6). Using hysterectomy controls, we observed similar patterns of associations that were attenuated in magnitude. Our results indicate that a potentially modifiable factor, breastfeeding, may decrease adenomyosis risk among parous women.
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Title: AN INVESTIGATION OF ELITE U.S. FIGURE SKATERS’ SOCIAL MEDIA USE, PURPOSES OF USE, AND SUBSEQUENT PERCEIVED PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS
Creator: Miller , Hannah Hunter
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: This study investigated social media use, purposes of social media use, and the subsequent perceived psychological implications in elite U.S. figure skaters. Thirty-seven elite U.S. figure skaters were recruited via correspondence through social media platforms. The participants were current U.S. figure skaters who competed within the senior level at or above the national level and were over 18 years of age. A mixed methods two phase design was employed. During Phase 1, each participant...
Show moreThis study investigated social media use, purposes of social media use, and the subsequent perceived psychological implications in elite U.S. figure skaters. Thirty-seven elite U.S. figure skaters were recruited via correspondence through social media platforms. The participants were current U.S. figure skaters who competed within the senior level at or above the national level and were over 18 years of age. A mixed methods two phase design was employed. During Phase 1, each participant completed a self-report survey including measures of social media use, purposes of use, and perceived psychological implications of use. Following the survey, eight participants were selected, dependent on their responses during Phase 1, to participate in Phase 2. Phase 2 consisted of a 20-to-30-minute semi-structured interview aimed at establishing an in-depth understanding of the perceived psychological implications of social media use. Athletes were asked about specific situations in which social media content affected their emotions, thought processes, body image, self-confidence, etc. The results indicated that a majority of elite U.S. figure skaters use a multitude of social media platforms for reasons both related and unrelated to figure skating. The participants perceived both positive and negative psychological ramifications of social media use. However, the negative effects of social media use were more pervasive in both Phase 1 and Phase 2 results.
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Title: IMPROVING YIELD AND QUALITY OF LEAFY GREENS GROWN INDOORS WITH PRECISE RADIATION, TEMPERATURE, AND CARBON DIOXIDE MANAGEMENT
Creator: Tarr, Sean T.
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Indoor agriculture systems can allow for precise manipulation of the mean daily temperature (MDT), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, and photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD). Identifying how these environmental parameters interact to influence crop growth, development, yield, and color can assist growers with selecting their desired growing environment. Therefore, the objectives of Expt. 1 and 2 were to quantify and model how PPFD and CO2 concentrations interact with MDT to influence...
Show moreIndoor agriculture systems can allow for precise manipulation of the mean daily temperature (MDT), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, and photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD). Identifying how these environmental parameters interact to influence crop growth, development, yield, and color can assist growers with selecting their desired growing environment. Therefore, the objectives of Expt. 1 and 2 were to quantify and model how PPFD and CO2 concentrations interact with MDT to influence the growth, yield, and quality of hydroponically grown green butterhead ‘Rex’ and red oakleaf lettuce ‘Rouxaï RZ’. In Expt. 3 we developed models to predict growth parameters and cardinal temperatures of lettuce, arugula, and kale from 8 to 33 °C. In Expt. 1, lettuce ‘Rex’ and ‘Rouxaï RZ’ were grown in deep-flow hydroponic tanks under a PPFD of 150 or 300 μmol·m‒2·s‒1 for 17 h·d–1 at MDTs of 20, 23, or 26 °C. PPFD and MDT interacted to influence biomass accumulation of both cultivars. In Expt. 2, lettuce ‘Rex’ and ‘Rouxaï RZ’ were grown under a PPFD of 300 μmol·m‒2·s‒1 and at the same MDTs as Expt. 1, but with CO2 concentrations of 500, 800, or 1200 μmol·mol–1. Dry mass of both cultivars was influenced by the interaction of CO2 and MDT; biomass accumulation was greatest at 800 μmol·mol–1 CO2 at MDTs of 23 and 26 °C. In Expt. 3, ‘Rex’ and ‘Rouxaï RZ’, kale ‘Red Russian’, and arugula ‘Astro’ were grown at MDTs of 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, or 33 °C. ‘Rex’ and ‘Rouxaï RZ’ had similar base and optimal temperature estimates of 8 °C and 26 °C, while arugula and kale were lower at 6 °C and 23 °C.
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Title: San Jose scale mating disruption in apples
Creator: Maas, Jessika
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Recently San Jose scale (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock) has reemerged as a critical pest within Michigan apple orchards. San Jose scale is an excellent candidate for the development of pheromone-mediated mating disruption as an alternative strategy to insecticides, as it is a weak flyer, and the sex-pheromone is known and has been in use for decades as a monitoring tool. The response of male San Jose scale to increasing densities of ISOMATE® dispensers primed with San Jose scale sex...
Show moreRecently San Jose scale (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock) has reemerged as a critical pest within Michigan apple orchards. San Jose scale is an excellent candidate for the development of pheromone-mediated mating disruption as an alternative strategy to insecticides, as it is a weak flyer, and the sex-pheromone is known and has been in use for decades as a monitoring tool. The response of male San Jose scale to increasing densities of ISOMATE® dispensers primed with San Jose scale sex pheromone was utilized to determine the mechanism of mating disruption for this pest in a two-year study. Dispensers were deployed in naturally infested apple orchard plots at six different rates from 0 to 926 per ha. The dispenser density experiment revealed that San Jose scale exhibits competitive mating disruption, as evidenced by the curvilinear decrease in the number of males caught in monitoring traps with increasing dispenser densities. In a separate efficacy experiment, two rates of the ISOMATE® dispenser were compared to one rate of CIDETRAK® dispensers and an untreated control. There was no statistical difference among dispenser rates or types, but all performed significantly better than the control. However, an assessment of their pheromone release rate over time revealed significant differences in their output levels throughout the season. This study also revealed that the first flight of male San Jose scale in southwestern Michigan occurred after petal fall in both 2020 and 2021. Further research is needed to determine how best to incorporate mating disruption into current apple pest management programs, but this work demonstrates the viability of pheromone-mediated mating disruption as a pest management tool for San Jose scale. It is anticipated that this research will enable manufacturers of mating disruption tools to start the process of registration for commercial use.
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Title: Navigating Ideology, Identity, and Emotion in the Context of English-Medium Higher Education : Zohra's Story
Creator: Zulick, Bethany
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: There is a growing prevalence of English-medium instruction (EMI) at universities around the world as a result of globalization and the internationalization of higher education. Although the English language is often the main language of these institutions, research shows that the local language often occupies an important position within these institutions. This linguistic environment places international students who do not speak the local language in a vulnerable position, and they may...
Show moreThere is a growing prevalence of English-medium instruction (EMI) at universities around the world as a result of globalization and the internationalization of higher education. Although the English language is often the main language of these institutions, research shows that the local language often occupies an important position within these institutions. This linguistic environment places international students who do not speak the local language in a vulnerable position, and they may face exclusion from social settings or have less access to some aspects of academic life as a result. The present study examines how ideology, identity, and emotion interact in one international student’s journey through her first year at an EMI institution in Kyrgyzstan as she navigates language use within the institution, cultivates her multilingual repertoire, and creates a place for herself in the institutional community. The findings of the study revealed how the focal participant, Zohra, was influenced by monolingual ideologies, viewing the institution as a primarily English-only space and attempting to uphold these norms through her own language use. Like other international students, Zohra also reported experiences of exclusion through the use of the local language, positioning her as an outsider and provoking a range of negative emotions in response. Zohra leveraged her strong English skills and strategically used the local language to construct a positive identity for herself as a full member of the university community. She also engaged in an iterative process of reflection as she compartmentalized her personally held language ideologies and managed her negative emotions surrounding language use to facilitate her adjustment to the university.
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Title: TARGETING PERFORMANCE PACE IN LONG DISTANCE RUNNERS THROUGH ACCEPTANCE AND COMMITMENT TRAINING
Creator: Staggemeier, Tessa Nicole
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Long-distance runners often encounter private events while running that may negatively impact their performance, such as staying on pace throughout the duration of a run. Recent research has attempted to target the private events of athletes through a variety of mindfulness-based approaches with varied results. Despite the popularity of mindfulness approaches, there is limited research evaluating the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), a behavior analytic approach that...
Show moreLong-distance runners often encounter private events while running that may negatively impact their performance, such as staying on pace throughout the duration of a run. Recent research has attempted to target the private events of athletes through a variety of mindfulness-based approaches with varied results. Despite the popularity of mindfulness approaches, there is limited research evaluating the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), a behavior analytic approach that combines mindfulness strategies with behavior change strategies to target psychological flexibility (PF), on the performance of athletes. The current study used a multiple baseline across participants design to evaluate the effects of a brief ACT intervention on three female high school cross country runner’s ability to meet goal pace times. In addition, the study evaluated whether the intervention impacted participant’s self-reports of PF after a run. Results of the study indicate the ACT intervention did not impact participant’s goal pace times but was effective at increasing participants’ self-reports of PF. Implications of the study and future research are discussed.
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Title: BELE PUCELE : THE MUSIC AND IDENTITY OF MAROIE DE DERGNAU
Creator: Feldkamp, Suzanna Grace
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Maroie de Dergnau is one of the few women whose names were recorded in trouvèrechansonniers, as she is credited in several rubrics in the margins of these sources. She is cited as the author of the chanson d’amour Mout m’abelist (RS 1451) in MSS M and T, and she is an interlocutor in the jeu-parti Je vous pri, Dame Maroie (RS 1744), held in MSS A and a. She is connected to Lille by the rubrics and to Arras through the chanson d’amour Bonne, belle, et avenant (RS 262), dedicated to her by...
Show moreMaroie de Dergnau is one of the few women whose names were recorded in trouvèrechansonniers, as she is credited in several rubrics in the margins of these sources. She is cited as the author of the chanson d’amour Mout m’abelist (RS 1451) in MSS M and T, and she is an interlocutor in the jeu-parti Je vous pri, Dame Maroie (RS 1744), held in MSS A and a. She is connected to Lille by the rubrics and to Arras through the chanson d’amour Bonne, belle, et avenant (RS 262), dedicated to her by Andrieu de Contredit, an Arrageois trouvère.My investigation into a trail of clues left by the sources that contain her name and musicsheds new light on Maroie’s life, each chapter examining a different facet of her experience. Chapter One locates traces of Maroie in several documents, explaining the contents of these sources and their implications for Maroie’s identity, family, experience, possible birth year, and for women musicians’ history more broadly. Chapter Two discusses her chanson d’amour, Mout m’abelist (RS 1451), the twin meanings coded in its text and music, and explores its dialogic relationship with a chanson by Andrieu de Contredit. Chapter Three examines her jeu-parti, and I argue that its conversation centers its two women authors in a broader social dialogue concerning the connections between desire, agency, pain, and mental health. The music of the song is also constructed as an illustration of the process of debate itself. The information we gain by examining Maroie’s music, poetry, and identity has implications for future research and may assist in learning about other trouvères.
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Title: MAPPING THE TAU PROTEIN INTERACTOME USING THE BIOID2 IN SITU LABELLING APPROACH
Creator: Atwa, Ahmed
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Pathological inclusions composed of tau protein are hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases collectively known as tauopathies, of which the most common is Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Tau is most well-known as a microtubule-associated protein involved in regulating microtubule dynamics, but accumulating evidence suggests tau is involved in many biological functions. Deciphering the tau protein interactome is critical for better understating the physiological and pathological roles of tau. This...
Show morePathological inclusions composed of tau protein are hallmarks of neurodegenerative diseases collectively known as tauopathies, of which the most common is Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Tau is most well-known as a microtubule-associated protein involved in regulating microtubule dynamics, but accumulating evidence suggests tau is involved in many biological functions. Deciphering the tau protein interactome is critical for better understating the physiological and pathological roles of tau. This work aimed to identify tau interacting partners using the in situ protein labelling BioID2 method by creating fusion proteins between full-length human tau and either BioID2 on the N-terminus (BioID2-Tau) or C-terminus (Tau-BioID2). A total of 372 proteins were identified, of which 269 interacted with Tau-BioID2, 169 with BioID2-Tau, and 66 proteins overlapped between both tau proteins. Gene Ontology (GO) cellular component analysis mapped protein interactions in the mitochondria, cytoskeleton, dendrites, nucleus, synaptic vesicles, and the ribonucleoprotein complex. While GO molecular function pathways identified proteins involved in RNA binding, translation regulation, ubiquitin ligase activity, kinase binding, mitochondrial oxidoreductase, and peroxidase activity. KEGG pathway analysis identified proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases, including AD, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Thus, this approach can identify members of the tau interactome via in situ labeling, that may help shed light on tau’s functional roles and provide novel therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Title: VICTIMIZATION AND FEAR OF CRIME AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Creator: Manz, Maxwell Thomas
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: This study examined the association between demographic characteristics such as race, sexual orientation, and gender identity and the experience of victimization and fear of crime on a college campus among a sample of undergraduate college students. Using a combination of random and purposive sampling techniques, a sample of 312 students from a large midwestern university provided information on their victimization experiences and feelings of safety while on campus. Bivariate measures of...
Show moreThis study examined the association between demographic characteristics such as race, sexual orientation, and gender identity and the experience of victimization and fear of crime on a college campus among a sample of undergraduate college students. Using a combination of random and purposive sampling techniques, a sample of 312 students from a large midwestern university provided information on their victimization experiences and feelings of safety while on campus. Bivariate measures of association suggested the student victimization prevalence rate was statistically significantly different based on gender identity and sexual orientation but not race. Fear of victimization was only statistically significantly different when looking at gender identity but not sexual orientation or race. Multivariable models, which controlled for time on campus and other demographic characteristics found that being a cisgender women increased the odds of having been victimized, as was having spent more time in college. After controlling for a host of demographic characteristics, fear of crime was higher for cisgender women and those that report a non-binary identity than it was for cisgender males, and those that were victimized on campus previously reported higher fear than those that reported no prior victimization.
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Title: BRANCHED CHAIN AMINO ACIDS OR BRANCHED CHAIN KETO ACIDS IMPROVED HEPATIC METABOLISM AND PRODUCTION IN EARLY LACTATION DAIRY COWS
Creator: Gallagher, Kristen R.
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Early lactation dairy cows undergo metabolic adaptations at the time of parturition and onset of lactation, increasing their risk of hepatic lipidosis. Effects of branched chain amino acids and branched chain keto-acids in early lactation were determined in 2 experiments. In experiment 1, primary bovine liver cells enriched with hepatocytes (PLEH) were exposed to media mimicking the circulating environment of early lactation cows without (FA) and with (BCKA) branched chin keto acid for 72h....
Show moreEarly lactation dairy cows undergo metabolic adaptations at the time of parturition and onset of lactation, increasing their risk of hepatic lipidosis. Effects of branched chain amino acids and branched chain keto-acids in early lactation were determined in 2 experiments. In experiment 1, primary bovine liver cells enriched with hepatocytes (PLEH) were exposed to media mimicking the circulating environment of early lactation cows without (FA) and with (BCKA) branched chin keto acid for 72h. The BCKA effectively decreased intracellular triglyceride accumulation in PLEH compared to FA. Expression of genes controlling lipid metabolism, such as decreased lipid uptake, increased β oxidation, increased antioxidant response, decreased apoptosis, and a recorded decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential was identified in the BCKA treatment. In the 2nd experiment, 36 multiparous dairy cows were enrolled on a randomized block design and were treated from 1 -21 days postpartum, with 1 of 3 abomasally infused treatments; 1) saline (CON); 2) BCAA, including 67 g valine, 50 g leucine, and 34 g isoleucine; and 3) BCKA, including 77 g ketovaline, 57 g ketoleucine, and 39 g ketoisoleucine. No alterations to body weight, body condition and dry matter intake were recorded between treatments. The BCAA infused cows produced increased milk, fat, and lactose yield relative to the CON. Abomasal infusion of BCKA decreased liver triglyceride compared to CON. In conclusion, branched chain keto-acids alter hepatic lipid metabolism and decreased hepatic triglyceride accumulation while branched chain amino acids alter milk production.
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Title: INVESTIGATION OF THE FUNGI AFFECTING MICHIGAN CHESTNUT CULTIVARS AND THE EFFECT OF STORAGE CONDITIONS ON CHESTNUT DECAY DEVELOPMENT
Creator: Watson, Alexandra Marie Vierra
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Species of the Castanea genus (chestnuts) are used in the production of chestnut fruit (nuts). This edible product is incorporated into various food products and has become popular among consumers with demand and consumption increasing. Few fungal pathogens are reported to cause nut decay and negatively impact nut production. To identify the fungal species affecting the yield and postharvest quality of nuts, 1,814 samples from 11 Michigan orchards were collected and assessed. Rot symptoms...
Show moreSpecies of the Castanea genus (chestnuts) are used in the production of chestnut fruit (nuts). This edible product is incorporated into various food products and has become popular among consumers with demand and consumption increasing. Few fungal pathogens are reported to cause nut decay and negatively impact nut production. To identify the fungal species affecting the yield and postharvest quality of nuts, 1,814 samples from 11 Michigan orchards were collected and assessed. Rot symptoms were observed from 16% of the samples with 20 fungal species isolated from nut kernels. Gnomoniopsis sp. 1 was most frequently isolated, while Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi was associated with severe disease symptoms. Seven species were evaluated for pathogenicity and two were confirmed as nut rot pathogens. While the other species are known to cause rot, they were not significantly different from the control. To evaluate the effect of cold storage on disease development, nuts from the cultivars Labor Day, Colossal, and Benton Harbor were inoculated with G. smithogilvyi, the pathogen that causes brown rot on chestnut. Following inoculation, the nuts were stored for various periods of time at 4 °C in three experiments conducted from 2019 to 2021. The cultivar Colossal was most susceptible to brown rot and cold storage treatments suppressed rot symptoms. Cultivar susceptibility, the pathogens that cause rot of nuts, and postharvest storage conditions should be considered in the development of IPM strategies.
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Title: EXPLORING THE EXTENT OF THE MARKET FOR U.S. MUSHROOM PRODUCTION EXPANSION
Creator: Pudasainee, Aastha
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: This study focuses on U.S. consumer preferences for common mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus), specialty mushrooms, and morels (Morchella spp.). It analyses consumer preferences for mushrooms by demographic group at national and regional scales. Instead of focusing on the entire U.S. mushroom market, prior studies have focused on consumer preferences and market segments for organic, genetically modified, and local mushrooms, dealing with one or few types of mushrooms. Previous studies discuss a...
Show moreThis study focuses on U.S. consumer preferences for common mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus), specialty mushrooms, and morels (Morchella spp.). It analyses consumer preferences for mushrooms by demographic group at national and regional scales. Instead of focusing on the entire U.S. mushroom market, prior studies have focused on consumer preferences and market segments for organic, genetically modified, and local mushrooms, dealing with one or few types of mushrooms. Previous studies discuss a few aspects of the wild supply chain, but the potential for niche mushrooms remains understudied. I pay special attention to wild mushrooms and their supply chain, as they are increasingly popular, though only a few edible mushrooms are successfully cultivated. I conducted a nationwide online of primary shoppers in U.S. households. My descriptive statistical analysis suggests that with better information on potential buyers, mushrooms could be an important enterprise for growers. As nearly half of U.S. households purchase mushrooms in a typical year at a restaurant or to be consumed at home (49.0%), versus only (31.6%) who do not, there is great potential to expand the market. If new mushroom species can be cultivated in the U.S., specialty mushroom producers may wish to target the 18 to 24 age group nationally, the 55 to 64 age group in the West, African Americans from the South, and higher income and educated purchasers nationally. The value added by this study is that consumer preferences of morels versus other specialty mushrooms were analyzed to know its market extent which can help to assess the potential market segments, the scope of cultivation expansion, and preferences for additional wild mushroom species like morels.
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Title: THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTIONS OF MICHIGAN’S HARD CIDER INDUSTRY
Creator: Oishi, Kazi
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: This research investigates the economic contributions of Michigan’s growing hard cider industry while accounting for demand changes for its substitute products which are beer, wine, hard seltzer, and mixed drinks. Pooling responses across those instructed to consider on premise and off premise consumption, our discrete choice experiment (DCE) reveals average consumer willingness to pay for a 12 oz unit of hard cider to be $6.98, with an additional $1.41 when it is locally produced. The...
Show moreThis research investigates the economic contributions of Michigan’s growing hard cider industry while accounting for demand changes for its substitute products which are beer, wine, hard seltzer, and mixed drinks. Pooling responses across those instructed to consider on premise and off premise consumption, our discrete choice experiment (DCE) reveals average consumer willingness to pay for a 12 oz unit of hard cider to be $6.98, with an additional $1.41 when it is locally produced. The Michigan cider value-chain is identified and assessed to estimate the economic contribution of in-state cider production and sales. Supply chain modeling is facilitated using a modified regional social account matrix depicting local supply chains of hard cider production. We estimate that the gross economic impact of Michigan’s hard cider production on the state’s economy is $35.1 million in terms of additional Gross State Product. Should in-state cider demand increase in response to, for example, a concerted marketing effort, the expected economic impact will be moderated by substitution, or reduced sales of competing products. Using substitutability insight from the DCE model, we find that a doubling of Michigan cider sales will result in a net economic impact of $30.2 million to Michigan’s Gross State Product. This work is the first estimate to our knowledge of the economic contribution or impact of the budding hard cider industry. While few consumer demand studies on hard ciders have been completed, this report also applies a DCE model to establish willingness to pay benchmarks, including that of local branding, with the additional novelty of incorporating the model results in the economic contribution analysis. The findings have implications for local stakeholders as well as state policymakers.
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Title: LAKE HURON SALMON FISHERIES VALUATION AND ATLANTIC SALMON POPULATION ASSESSMENT
Creator: Zink, Matthew
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Because fishery yield for Lake Huron is currently less than half the lake’s specified target level, some agencies with management authority for the lake have considered stocking to enhance recreational fishing opportunities. In 2010, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) expanded stocking of Atlantic salmon in Lake Huron to enhance fishing opportunities. Currently, there is uncertainty about the population this stocking effort has produced or the extent that recreational anglers...
Show moreBecause fishery yield for Lake Huron is currently less than half the lake’s specified target level, some agencies with management authority for the lake have considered stocking to enhance recreational fishing opportunities. In 2010, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) expanded stocking of Atlantic salmon in Lake Huron to enhance fishing opportunities. Currently, there is uncertainty about the population this stocking effort has produced or the extent that recreational anglers may value Atlantic salmon versus other salmonids. I surveyed anglers that purchased a 2019 Michigan fishing license to collect salmon fishing trip data for Lake Huron and to ask contingency behavior questions to determine how angler fishing effort might change given changes in expected salmonid catch rates. I additionally fit a statistical catch-at-age model to harvest data from Michigan jurisdictional waters to estimate Atlantic salmon population dynamics and abundance. Based on survey responses, an increase in the catch rate of one fish per 100 hours was estimated to increase the total number of trips to Lake Huron by 13.9 (Chinook salmon), 13.2 (Atlantic salmon), 8.6 (steelhead), 4.5 (coho salmon), and 0.3% (lake trout). This equated to relative values of $38.67, $37.04, $24.40, $12.83, and $0.31 for the species, respectively. The estimated total abundance of Atlantic salmon in 2019 was 392,000 fish, with a peak abundance of approximately 406,000 fish in 2018. Although these results will aid fishery managers evaluate potential stocking options for the lake, I encourage stocking decisions be made collaboratively with input from multiple Lake Huron stakeholder groups.
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Title: THE POETIC-MUSICAL INTERTEXTUAL RHETORIC OF THE POLISH BRETHREN’S LITURGY
Creator: Wieczorek Villas Boas, Felipe Pedro
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: This thesis explores the main source of liturgical music of the Polish Brethren, a publication entitled Psalmy Niektóre Króla Dawida (1610 and 1625). The three Chapters contained in this thesis give a broad overview of PNKD and a detailed case study of some of its most relevant works. Although important sources mention some of the names of composers who contributed with the melodies contained in PNKD, the issue of determining the origins of most of its melodies is still largely unstudied....
Show moreThis thesis explores the main source of liturgical music of the Polish Brethren, a publication entitled Psalmy Niektóre Króla Dawida (1610 and 1625). The three Chapters contained in this thesis give a broad overview of PNKD and a detailed case study of some of its most relevant works. Although important sources mention some of the names of composers who contributed with the melodies contained in PNKD, the issue of determining the origins of most of its melodies is still largely unstudied. This thesis shows that a significant portion of the melodies found in PNKD are also featured in earlier Calvinist publications from Poland and abroad, as well as in earlier works published by the Polish Brethren themselves. A central theme in this thesis is the frequent use of melodic borrowings as a recurring feature of PNKD. As my statistical analysis shows, most of the works found in the Polish Brethren’s psalter do not contain melodies, thus depending entirely on the melodies of other works from within PNKD in order to be performed. Some of these borrowings create complex intertextual juxtapositions that involve, at times, more than three or four different texts. These juxtapositions were planned deliberately and served as a rhetorical tool, as the Polish Brethren likely created PNKD with the intent of providing not only spiritual commentary on the scriptures, but also political and philosophical critique of the status quo. The textual juxtaposition of psalms in many ways relates to some of the core values of the group as well as to political issues faced by the movement in Poland, which is why studying these intertextual connections is an important step towards understanding how these communities thought and acted.
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Title: VARIATION IN POLLINATOR VISITATION AMONG CULTIVARS OF MARIGOLD, PORTULACA, AND BIDENS
Creator: Browning, Adam
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: The decline in pollinator populations has been documented worldwide in recent years with many researchers focusing on the matter. Many people are interested in ornamental annuals they can plant in their garden to better support pollinators and have many varieties and cultivars to choose from. However, there is a lack of research behind what specific cultivars of ornamental annuals are attractive to pollinators. We sampled pollinators visiting six cultivars of Tagetes spp. (marigold), eight...
Show moreThe decline in pollinator populations has been documented worldwide in recent years with many researchers focusing on the matter. Many people are interested in ornamental annuals they can plant in their garden to better support pollinators and have many varieties and cultivars to choose from. However, there is a lack of research behind what specific cultivars of ornamental annuals are attractive to pollinators. We sampled pollinators visiting six cultivars of Tagetes spp. (marigold), eight cultivars of Portulaca spp. and ten cultivars Bidens spp. separately for two years to evaluate each cultivars relative pollinator attractiveness among each annual. Pollinators collected were categorized into four groups, Apis mellifera, Bombus impatiens, Wild Bees and Syrphids, to show the proportion of different pollinator visitors to each cultivar. There was significant variation among individual cultivar pollinator visitation rates found for each annual, with some cultivars having over double the visitation rate of others. We also evaluated nectar production and nectar quality of two selected Portulaca spp. and Bidens spp. cultivars based on first-year pollinator visitation data collected as a means of showing a possible reason for varying pollinator visitation among cultivars. Our results show clear pollinator preferences for certain cultivars, and that nectar production and nectar quality may be a driving influence. This research will better inform entomologists, horticulturalists, growers, and educators which of the selected cultivars of Tagetes spp. (marigold), Portulaca spp. and Bidens spp. have higher pollinator visitation, and that cultivar differences should be considered when labeling a plant as ‘pollinator-friendly’.
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Title: THE PRODUCTION OF SPECTACLE : VERBAL AND VISUAL ELEMENTS IN SHAKESPEARE’S ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA
Creator: Lockwood, Gabrielle W.
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: As Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra was first staged, much of Renaissance Europe was engaging in a debate around artistic production. Painting and poetry were set against each other to determine which could produce the best representation of nature or surpass it altogether. What we see with theater, however, is that it occupies a unique position in the world of artistic production because it is capable of presenting the two, seemingly opposite forms of representation: the verbal and the...
Show moreAs Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra was first staged, much of Renaissance Europe was engaging in a debate around artistic production. Painting and poetry were set against each other to determine which could produce the best representation of nature or surpass it altogether. What we see with theater, however, is that it occupies a unique position in the world of artistic production because it is capable of presenting the two, seemingly opposite forms of representation: the verbal and the visual. Examining the discourse around art production in early modern England reveals how the construction of Antony and Cleopatra’s famous scenes reflects debates around representational mediums. Shakespeare’s interchange between verbal and visual representation produces shifting characterization of the play’s iconic figures. Since the two mediums work simultaneously to produce different images, the characters are often paradoxical and unpredictable. From here, it is possible to trace how Antony and Cleopatra’s distinctive characterization has become a cornerstone of its legacy. By looking at the production history of the play, it is apparent that its critical reception relies on a production’s awareness of shifting artistic mediums, complex representational choices, and paradoxical figures.
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Title: MANIPULATING PHOTON FLUX DENSITY, PHOTON SPECTRUM, AND PHOTOPERIOD TO IMPROVE THE GREENHOUSE PRODUCTION OF SPECIALTY CUT FLOWERS
Creator: Spall, Caleb Edward
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Year-round demand for locally sourced specialty cut flowers continues to increase in the U.S., but growers in northern regions cannot produce them outdoors or in high-tunnels year-round due to poor environmental conditions during the winter and early spring. Thus, they must use greenhouses to maintain a proper lighting environment to capitalize on demand during these seasons. Our objectives for Expts. 1 and 2 were to a) determine how photoperiod influences morphology of marigold ‘Xochi’ ...
Show moreYear-round demand for locally sourced specialty cut flowers continues to increase in the U.S., but growers in northern regions cannot produce them outdoors or in high-tunnels year-round due to poor environmental conditions during the winter and early spring. Thus, they must use greenhouses to maintain a proper lighting environment to capitalize on demand during these seasons. Our objectives for Expts. 1 and 2 were to a) determine how photoperiod influences morphology of marigold ‘Xochi’ (Tagetes erecta), witchgrass ‘Frosted Explosion’ (Panicum capillare), and dianthus ‘Amazon Rose Magic’ and ‘Amazon Neon Cherry’ (Dianthus barbatus interspecific) young and finished plants, and b) quantify how photoperiod and daily light integral (DLI) influence floral initiation and quality of witchgrass and dianthus. For Expt. 3, we sought to quantify how supplemental radiation quality influences floral initiation and finished quality of three long-day specialty cut flowers. Marigold was harvestable when young plants were grown under photoperiods ≥11 h or a 4-h NI, and finished under 12-h photoperiods. Witchgrass was harvestable when young plants were grown under photoperiods ≥14 h or a 4-h NI, and finished under photoperiods ≥14 h. Dianthus was harvestable when young and finished plants were grown under 9- to 16-h photoperiods, or a 4-h NI. Additionally, cut flowers should be grown under a DLI of ≥10 mol·m–2·d–1. Godetia, snapdragon, and stock cut flowers should be grown under supplemental light with a spectrum similar to B20R85FR15 or a broad spectrum, for desirable crop quality and minimal developmental, visibility, and energy tradeoffs.
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