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Title: IMPROVING YIELD AND QUALITY OF LEAFY GREENS GROWN INDOORS WITH PRECISE RADIATION, TEMPERATURE, AND CARBON DIOXIDE MANAGEMENT
Creator: Tarr, Sean T.
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Indoor agriculture systems can allow for precise manipulation of the mean daily temperature (MDT), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, and photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD). Identifying how these environmental parameters interact to influence crop growth, development, yield, and color can assist growers with selecting their desired growing environment. Therefore, the objectives of Expt. 1 and 2 were to quantify and model how PPFD and CO2 concentrations interact with MDT to influence...
Show moreIndoor agriculture systems can allow for precise manipulation of the mean daily temperature (MDT), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, and photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD). Identifying how these environmental parameters interact to influence crop growth, development, yield, and color can assist growers with selecting their desired growing environment. Therefore, the objectives of Expt. 1 and 2 were to quantify and model how PPFD and CO2 concentrations interact with MDT to influence the growth, yield, and quality of hydroponically grown green butterhead ‘Rex’ and red oakleaf lettuce ‘Rouxaï RZ’. In Expt. 3 we developed models to predict growth parameters and cardinal temperatures of lettuce, arugula, and kale from 8 to 33 °C. In Expt. 1, lettuce ‘Rex’ and ‘Rouxaï RZ’ were grown in deep-flow hydroponic tanks under a PPFD of 150 or 300 μmol·m‒2·s‒1 for 17 h·d–1 at MDTs of 20, 23, or 26 °C. PPFD and MDT interacted to influence biomass accumulation of both cultivars. In Expt. 2, lettuce ‘Rex’ and ‘Rouxaï RZ’ were grown under a PPFD of 300 μmol·m‒2·s‒1 and at the same MDTs as Expt. 1, but with CO2 concentrations of 500, 800, or 1200 μmol·mol–1. Dry mass of both cultivars was influenced by the interaction of CO2 and MDT; biomass accumulation was greatest at 800 μmol·mol–1 CO2 at MDTs of 23 and 26 °C. In Expt. 3, ‘Rex’ and ‘Rouxaï RZ’, kale ‘Red Russian’, and arugula ‘Astro’ were grown at MDTs of 8, 13, 18, 23, 28, or 33 °C. ‘Rex’ and ‘Rouxaï RZ’ had similar base and optimal temperature estimates of 8 °C and 26 °C, while arugula and kale were lower at 6 °C and 23 °C.
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Title: Evaluation of Operational Performance and Environmental Impact of a Commercial Scale Anaerobic Digester Utilizing Multiple Feedstocks
Creator: Dwilaksono, Fahmi
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Food waste and livestock manure become some of major sources that contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the U.S. Utilizing manure and food wastes as biogas feedstocks through anaerobic digestion (AD) process can improve renewable energy production while reducing the impact of climate change due to GHG emission from untreated organic wastes. This study evaluated the operational performance of Michigan State University’s commercial South Campus Anaerobic Digester (SCAD) as well as the...
Show moreFood waste and livestock manure become some of major sources that contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the U.S. Utilizing manure and food wastes as biogas feedstocks through anaerobic digestion (AD) process can improve renewable energy production while reducing the impact of climate change due to GHG emission from untreated organic wastes. This study evaluated the operational performance of Michigan State University’s commercial South Campus Anaerobic Digester (SCAD) as well as the environmental impact during its operation in 2014-2020. Evaluation of feedstock supplies quantity and output parameters of SCAD was conducted to understand the operational performance of the digester. A life cycle assessment (LCA) was done to know the environmental impact of SCAD by comparing it to the conventional waste management methods. Technoeconomic analysis was conducted to know the financial feasibility of SCAD as a commercial digester. The result shows that during its operation from 2014 to 2020, SCAD has processed 159,145 metric tons of feedstock from 18 different organic wastes to produce 15,165,156 kWh of electricity for MSU community. LCA results show that AD system possesses fewer environmental burdens in both global warming potential (GWP) and water eutrophication potential (WEP) compared to the conventional system. Technoeconomic analysis reveals that SCAD needs 21.5 years to accomplish its payback time, which is considered quite economically competitive.
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Title: ADVANCING BLUEBERRY POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY : THE EFFECT OF SULFUR DIOXIDE FUMIGATION ON BLUEBERRY PHYSIOLOGY AND RNA-SEQ OF THE BLUEBERRY-COLLETOTRICHUM FIORINIAE PATHOSYSTEM IN ‘ELLIOTT’ FRUIT
Creator: Abeli, Patrick
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: The physiology and biology of blueberry fruit is the most important consideration for understanding postharvest storage. Fruit physiology is responsive to many stimuli including biotic, genetic, and environmental inputs. The extent to which a blueberry fruit are affected by these factors is largely cultivar dependent. The following studies address two aspects of blueberry fruit postharvest biology as it relates to pest control: In Chapter 2, we explore the effect of SO2 fumigation on five...
Show moreThe physiology and biology of blueberry fruit is the most important consideration for understanding postharvest storage. Fruit physiology is responsive to many stimuli including biotic, genetic, and environmental inputs. The extent to which a blueberry fruit are affected by these factors is largely cultivar dependent. The following studies address two aspects of blueberry fruit postharvest biology as it relates to pest control: In Chapter 2, we explore the effect of SO2 fumigation on five blueberry cultivars: ‘Bluecrop’, ‘Draper’, ‘Elliott’, ‘Jersey’, and ‘Liberty’ and the extent to which SO2 fumigation can be used to disinfest blueberry fruit of blueberry maggot (BBM) Rhagoletis mendax Curran. In Chapter 3, we use RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to reveal genes differentially expressed (DE) in ‘Elliott’ fruit in response to infection by Colletotrichum fioriniae compared to mock- (water-) inoculated fruit. By filtering out DE genes in mock-inoculated fruit postharvest, as well as DE genes in infected ‘Jersey’ and ‘Draper’ fruit, we discovered 113 genes unique to ‘Elliott’ fruit that are inoculation-responsive. This set of genes include canonical plant resistance genes as well as genes associated with secondary metabolite biosynthesis, cell wall metabolism, reactive oxygen species production and scavenging, and the hypersensitive response. These studies provide important groundwork for future blueberry breeding by identifying cultivars with genetics and physiology amenable to different interventions for reducing postharvest fruit losses.
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Title: INTENSITY IN TEACHING : DEVELOPING AN AFFECTIVE FRAMEWORK FOR WRITING INSTRUCTORS
Creator: Chapman Ball, Cadaxa
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: This qualitative research project aims to develop an affective framework for writing pedagogy through analyzing narrative data collected over the course of one semester teaching MSU’s first-year writing course, WRA 101: Writing As Inquiry. The narrative data consists of journal entries and reflections remarking on my own affective states in the writing classroom. Through analyzing these writings, this thesis reveals how and why affect theory has useful applications in writing pedagogy; namely...
Show moreThis qualitative research project aims to develop an affective framework for writing pedagogy through analyzing narrative data collected over the course of one semester teaching MSU’s first-year writing course, WRA 101: Writing As Inquiry. The narrative data consists of journal entries and reflections remarking on my own affective states in the writing classroom. Through analyzing these writings, this thesis reveals how and why affect theory has useful applications in writing pedagogy; namely, that instructors who attend to their own affective responses have the opportunity to better understand the changes they need to make to their teaching practices as well as the systems in which they teach.
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Title: When is "Tough Love" Too Much? An Exploratory Study of Tough Love Coaching in Sport
Creator: Saxton, Sarah
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Tough love is often discussed in sport, but there is not a clear understanding of what tough love is, which tough love behaviors are commonly used by coaches and how effective they are, or which factors may influence the effectiveness of tough love strategies. Additionally, tough love may cross over into abuse or maltreatment if approached incorrectly. The purpose of this study was to propose a definition of tough love coaching, identify effective tough love strategies, determine whether...
Show moreTough love is often discussed in sport, but there is not a clear understanding of what tough love is, which tough love behaviors are commonly used by coaches and how effective they are, or which factors may influence the effectiveness of tough love strategies. Additionally, tough love may cross over into abuse or maltreatment if approached incorrectly. The purpose of this study was to propose a definition of tough love coaching, identify effective tough love strategies, determine whether tough love coaching can be inappropriate or harmful to the athlete, and identify individual factors that influence the way in which tough love is received by athletes. This study adopted a basic interpretive approach to qualitative research by using semi-structured interviews to investigate athletes’ experiences with and feelings toward tough love in sport. Specifically, in-depth interviews were conducted with 12 current and former athletes (three males, nine females) ranging in age from 18 to 27 who had or were participating in a variety of sports. Thematic analysis was conducted on the transcribed interviews to identify relevant themes, subthemes and categories in the data. Four major results were found. First, a definition of tough love coaching was proposed. Second, examples of effective, ineffective, and harmful tough love strategies were provided. Third, factors perceved to influence tough love’s effectiveness were identified, including the coach-athlete relationship, coach demographics, athlete characteristics, sport demographics, encouragement and support, clear feedback, frequency of use, motivational climate, and privacy. Fourth, the “line” between tough love and harmful or abusive coaching was identified. Results are discussed relative to the coaching feedback and approaches as well as maltreatment in sport reseach literature.
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Title: Examining Perceptions of Motivation, Athlete Burnout, and Injury-Related Fear in Patients Following ACL Reconstruction
Creator: Murray, Megan
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Approximately 1 out of 3 patients fail to return to previous levels of sport participation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), with injury-related fear identified as a potential barrier for return to sport. However, we do not know how injury-related fear is associated with other meaningful psychological responses to injury, or how patient perceptions of these psychological responses relate to their rehabilitation experiences. The purpose of this cross-sectional,...
Show moreApproximately 1 out of 3 patients fail to return to previous levels of sport participation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), with injury-related fear identified as a potential barrier for return to sport. However, we do not know how injury-related fear is associated with other meaningful psychological responses to injury, or how patient perceptions of these psychological responses relate to their rehabilitation experiences. The purpose of this cross-sectional, explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was to explore how perceptions of self-determined motivation, athlete burnout, and injury-related fear affected psychological experiences during ACLR rehabilitation in patients between 4- and 6-months post-ACLR. 13 participants were recruited and completed questionnaires measuring self-determined motivation, athlete burnout, perceived stress, and injury-related fear. A sub-sample of 5 participants participated in a semi-structured interview to further underline patient experiences during ACLR rehabilitation. A strong, positive relationship was observed between perceived stress and injury-related fear (rho = 0.70, p = 0.008). Thematic analysis revealed five themes related to the rehabilitation experience: 1) struggling with the recovery process, 2) acknowledging negative emotional states, 3) drive to return to sport and normal life, 4) understanding and finding purpose in rehabilitation, and 5) successfully navigating the recovery process. These preliminary data suggest that negative emotional states, such as injury-related fear and athlete burnout, may be related to self-determined motivation and perceived stress after ACLR.
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Title: SYSTEMIC DELIVERY OF INSECTICIDES IN BLUEBERRIES FOR CONTROL OF BLUEBERRY STEM GALL WASP, HEMADAS NUBILIPENNIS
Creator: Bosch, Amber Kay
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Blueberry stem gall wasp (Hemadas nubilipennis) is a pest of highbush blueberry and can pose a challenge to control with foliar sprays due to adult activity during bloom and larval development within the plant tissues. In this thesis, systemic delivery of insecticides in blueberry bushes was evaluated using three application methods on potted bushes, in blueberry shoot bioassays, and on a commercial blueberry farm. Each study aimed to evaluate impact on gall and gall wasp development, along...
Show moreBlueberry stem gall wasp (Hemadas nubilipennis) is a pest of highbush blueberry and can pose a challenge to control with foliar sprays due to adult activity during bloom and larval development within the plant tissues. In this thesis, systemic delivery of insecticides in blueberry bushes was evaluated using three application methods on potted bushes, in blueberry shoot bioassays, and on a commercial blueberry farm. Each study aimed to evaluate impact on gall and gall wasp development, along with active ingredient residue delivery to plant tissues. I hypothesized that if the insecticide moved systemically within the blueberry vascular system to areas where the blueberry stem gall wasp larvae are developing, then the insecticide will kill the larvae leading to a reduction in gall formation and number of surviving adults per gall. In the potted bush study, applications were made by crown injection, soil drench and foliar sprays. Imidacloprid, flupyradifurone, and spirotetramat were recovered in shoot and leaf tissues, however there was no evidence of inhibited gall or gall wasp development. In the shoot bioassays, imidacloprid and spirotetramat were found to have the greatest potential for control of blueberry stem gall wasp. Active ingredient recovery in bioassay gall tissue revealed the concentration needed to get moribund/ lethal larval response. The on-farm study indicated there was successful movement of imidacloprid and flupyradifurone using chemigation, however, the impact on blueberry stem gall wasp was not great enough to provide control.
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Title: Evaluating The Suitability Of Salvaged Lumber As Feedstock In Cross-Laminated Timber
Creator: Abdul Azeez, Ahamed
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Structural abandonment has been a growing concern in the United States for the past few decades. Conventional demolition procedures exercised to eliminate the abandoned structures result in wood waste that are not feasible for reuse. On the other hand, the demand for lumber has been steadily increasing. This research focuses on promoting deconstruction, obtaining the salvaged lumber from deconstructed abandoned buildings, and evaluating the possibility of reusing it to make way for a...
Show moreStructural abandonment has been a growing concern in the United States for the past few decades. Conventional demolition procedures exercised to eliminate the abandoned structures result in wood waste that are not feasible for reuse. On the other hand, the demand for lumber has been steadily increasing. This research focuses on promoting deconstruction, obtaining the salvaged lumber from deconstructed abandoned buildings, and evaluating the possibility of reusing it to make way for a secondary means of lumber production.The study evaluates the engineering properties of salvaged lumber. Furthermore, the salvaged lumber is partially used to manufacture Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) per the current standards and its properties are compared against the properties of CLT panels exclusively made of freshly sawn lumber. By developing variables for the study, the various factors affecting the properties are analyzed. The researcher believes that the intended results would inaugurate the consideration of salvaged wood usage in wood products that serve as construction material.
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Title: PUBERTAL DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECTS OF PARENTING ON BINGE EATING RISK IN FEMALE PRE-ADOLESCENTS AND ADOLESCENTS
Creator: Anaya Maldonado, Carolina
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Puberty is a period of increased risk for the development of binge eating in female adolescents. Studies thus far have examined changes in genetic factors and personality characteristics that could contribute to increased risk, but none have examined parenting practices that are known to change across development and significantly contribute to youth outcomes (e.g., parent-child conflict, parental warmth, parental overprotection). The current study examines whether interactions between...
Show morePuberty is a period of increased risk for the development of binge eating in female adolescents. Studies thus far have examined changes in genetic factors and personality characteristics that could contribute to increased risk, but none have examined parenting practices that are known to change across development and significantly contribute to youth outcomes (e.g., parent-child conflict, parental warmth, parental overprotection). The current study examines whether interactions between puberty and parenting predict higher levels of binge eating symptoms during/after puberty in female youth. Analyses used cross-sectional data in a sample of 999 female youth (ages 8-16) and their parents from the Michigan State University Twin Registry. Youth provided ratings of binge eating, eating in the absence of hunger, emotional eating, perceived parental care and overprotection. and pubertal development. Both youth and parents provided ratings of parent-child conflict. Although higher levels of parental overprotection and conflict, and lower levels of parental care, significantly predicted all binge eating measures, none of the associations were significantly moderated by pubertal development or age. The quality of the parent-child relationship is significantly associated with binge eating in female pre-adolescents and adolescents regardless of developmental stage, highlighting the need for targeting harmful parenting strategies during adolescent eating disorder intervention.
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Title: PERCEPTIONS OF VOICE PRODUCTION IN HEALTHY FEMALES IN REGARDS TO AGE AND PROFESSIONALISM : AS QUANTIFIED BY ACOUSTIC AND PERCEPTUAL MEASURES
Creator: Nizami, Hafsaah Fatima
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: PURPOSE: This study aims to research the perception of voice as it relates to aging and professionalism in an individual. The production of voice varies in accordance with various factors. These variations often provide an insight into a listener’s perceptions of a speaker’s vocal characteristics and these perceptions may vary across settings. METHODS: This study required four components. The first component required college aged participants to rate perceptions of age and health in regards...
Show morePURPOSE: This study aims to research the perception of voice as it relates to aging and professionalism in an individual. The production of voice varies in accordance with various factors. These variations often provide an insight into a listener’s perceptions of a speaker’s vocal characteristics and these perceptions may vary across settings. METHODS: This study required four components. The first component required college aged participants to rate perceptions of age and health in regards to young and old female vocalists. The second section required college aged participants to rate professionalism in regards to young and old female vocalists. Speech Professionals were asked to participate in the third component of this study, in which they rated listeners among the GRBAS scale. The last component required a quantification of results using a standard acoustic measure like cepstral peak prominence. RESULTS: Strong positive correlations were found between estimated age and actual age, strong negative correlations were found between older women and professionalism; moderately positive correlations were found between younger women and professionalism; moderate to strong correlation was found between age and GRBAS; and moderate negative correlations were found between age and CPPS. DISCUSSION: The following results were found: College-aged students were able to distinguish between the younger and older females. Older women were perceived as less professional. As age increases, GRBAS scores also increase. As age increases, CPPS ratings will decrease. CONCLUSION: Further research may require completion of surveys in a controlled environment, and inclusion of pitch-related measures as they relate to the workplace. Keywords: Aging voice, biological sex differences, perception of voice, professional voice, acoustic measures
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Title: PRETERM DELIVERY AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH FALSE POSITIVE, AUDITORY BRAINSTEM RESPONSE (ABR)-BASED NEWBORN HEARING SCREENING FINDINGS
Creator: Rathore, Mandavni
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Newborn hearing screening failure can occur in infants without hearing loss; these false-positive (FP) results have been speculated to reflect neurodevelopmental disorder risk. Preterm birth (PTB), a known neurodevelopmental risk factor, has been associated with FP at initial screening. We aim to further characterize this association by stratifying PTB by gestational age and delivery circumstance. To do this, we analyzed birth certificate and Early Hearing Detection & Intervention data from...
Show moreNewborn hearing screening failure can occur in infants without hearing loss; these false-positive (FP) results have been speculated to reflect neurodevelopmental disorder risk. Preterm birth (PTB), a known neurodevelopmental risk factor, has been associated with FP at initial screening. We aim to further characterize this association by stratifying PTB by gestational age and delivery circumstance. To do this, we analyzed birth certificate and Early Hearing Detection & Intervention data from the Michigan Dept. of Health & Human Services (2007–2015; n = 919,363). We restricted our analysis to singleton live births with available ABR-based hearing screening data and obstetric estimates of gestational age (n = 655,079). We then used logistic regression to evaluate the association of PTB defined by gestational age (extreme: < 28 weeks; moderate: 28–34 weeks; late: 34–36 weeks) and delivery circumstance (spontaneous, medically indicated) with FP, using full-term birth (≥ 37 weeks) as the referent group. Approximately 4% of infants had FP findings. All gestational age categories were associated with this phenomenon (extreme: OR = 4.2, 95% CI 3.7, 4.7; moderate: OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.1, 1.3; late: 1.6, 95% CI 1.5, 1.7). Spontaneous and medically indicated PTB were also associated with FP (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.6, 1.8; OR = 1.4, 95% CI 1.3, 1.5, respectively). All results persisted following adjustment for socio-demographic and antepartum factors except for moderate PTB (OR = 1.0, 95% CI 0.9, 1.1), though sensitivity analyses suggested marked heterogeneity within this group. Further research is needed to investigate factors underlying these differences and whether they correlate with neurodevelopmental disorder diagnoses.
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Title: EFFECT OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN (hCG) POST-OVULATION ON TIME TO CONCEPTUS ATTACHMENT IN LACTATING DAIRY COWS
Creator: Da Mota Santos, Alisson
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Increasing progesterone (P4) during conceptus development is crucial for establishment of pregnancy in dairy cattle. We developed a robust technique to estimate d of conceptus attachment (CA) based on daily within-cow changes in concentrations of pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB; BioPRYN). Highest sensitivity and specificity were obtained with a 12.5% increase in addition to 2 consecutive d of continuous increases when predicting CA. We hypothesized that increasing serum P4 post-ovulation...
Show moreIncreasing progesterone (P4) during conceptus development is crucial for establishment of pregnancy in dairy cattle. We developed a robust technique to estimate d of conceptus attachment (CA) based on daily within-cow changes in concentrations of pregnancy-specific protein B (PSPB; BioPRYN). Highest sensitivity and specificity were obtained with a 12.5% increase in addition to 2 consecutive d of continuous increases when predicting CA. We hypothesized that increasing serum P4 post-ovulation would favor embryonic development and reduce time to CA in lactating dairy cows. The first objective was to determine the effects of treatment with hCG on d2, d5, and d2 and 5 post-ovulation on luteal function and serum P4. Treatment with hCG on d 2 & 5 or on d 5 increased P4 by inducing accessory CL (aCL) and increasing the volume of existing CL. On d 2, hCG increased P4 on d 5 post-ovulation. The second objective was to investigate the effects of treatment with hCG on time to CA. Treatment on d 5 reduced the percentage of cows with CA and increased time to CA. Primiparous cows benefited from ipsilateral aCL against pregnancy loss before d 100 post-AI/ovulation. Delayed time to CA was associated with pregnancy losses before d 35. The highest quartile of P4 on d 5, but not on d 19 & 20, was associated with reduced time to CA. Our hypothesis was not confirmed. Yet, early serum P4, but not late, was associated with time to conceptus attachment in multiparous dairy cows. Our findings indicated that treatment with hCG post-ovulation was not financially advantageous as treatment on d 5 or aCL induced by treatment reduced annual herd profits compared to standard reproductive programs such as Double-Ovsynch and Ovsynch.
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Title: HOW CAREGIVERS OF CHILDREN IN EARLY INTERVENTION FEEL ABOUT SIMPLIFIED LANGUAGE INPUT : A SURVEY STUDY
Creator: Nylund, Megan
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: There is some disagreement regarding how adults should simplify their utterances when speaking to young children with language delays. One type of simplification that has come into question is telegraphic input, a style of speaking that involves removing grammatical aspects of phrases, such as function words and grammatical markers (e.g., All done snack, Cookie yummy). In the current study, we utilized survey data collected by Andary (2020) surveying caregivers of children in early...
Show moreThere is some disagreement regarding how adults should simplify their utterances when speaking to young children with language delays. One type of simplification that has come into question is telegraphic input, a style of speaking that involves removing grammatical aspects of phrases, such as function words and grammatical markers (e.g., All done snack, Cookie yummy). In the current study, we utilized survey data collected by Andary (2020) surveying caregivers of children in early intervention about their views on different types of simplified language. Specifically, we asked: How do caregivers’ beliefs about telegraphic input relate to how comfortable they are producing different types of simplified utterances? Results were also analyzed for correlations between demographics and beliefs of simplification. Additionally, the survey provided space for caregivers to share recommendations they gained through Early On resources. Results show caregivers with a positive view of telegraphic input felt significantly less comfortable producing full, grammatical utterances than caregivers with a negative or neutral view of telegraphic input. Demographic analysis revealed caregivers with higher education levels preferred more grammatical utterances. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding caregiver perspectives in caregiver-mediated intervention approaches.
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Title: THE BACKBONE OF FISHERIES : INDONESIAN WOMEN IN SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES ORGANIZE TO OVERCOME GENDER INEQUALITIES
Creator: Ratri, Annisa Meutia
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Worldwide, women's contributions in the fisheries sector are significant and include fish harvesting, processing, and marketing, among others. However, women often face discrimination and are not recognized in the sector by their male counterparts, managers, and policymakers. This thesis aims to examine the motives for the establishment of women organizations in Indonesia, the Indonesian Fisherwomen's Sisterhood Group (Persaudaraan Perempuan Nelayan Indonesia/PPNI), and to investigate how the...
Show moreWorldwide, women's contributions in the fisheries sector are significant and include fish harvesting, processing, and marketing, among others. However, women often face discrimination and are not recognized in the sector by their male counterparts, managers, and policymakers. This thesis aims to examine the motives for the establishment of women organizations in Indonesia, the Indonesian Fisherwomen's Sisterhood Group (Persaudaraan Perempuan Nelayan Indonesia/PPNI), and to investigate how the lives of women belonging to the organization have changed. This study is based on a qualitative case study using both primary and secondary sources. The primary data consists of interviews conducted via Zoom and phone interviews. This study adopts a Feminist Political Ecology (FPE) framework to examine barriers that women experience that led to the collective action to establish a women-specific fishery organization. Issues related to economic and environmental changes, lacking access to decision-making processes and resources, and lacking recognition were pivotal for women in the sector to organize themselves. This study found that being part of the organization can become a strategy for women in fisheries to overcome barriers in the sector. This study also shows that PPNI allows women in the sector to renegotiate their roles and rights within their households, communities and in the sector. Thus, since the establishment of PPNI, the organization has made efforts to foster gender equality, mainly to support changing women’s lives through women's empowerment.
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Title: A MORAL PERSPECTIVE ON GUILT APPEALS : EXAMINING THE MORAL MATCHING EFFECT
Creator: Ye, Qijia
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: As a moral emotion, guilt can serve as a mechanism in social influence. However, literature showed that the effects of guilt appeals were mixed. This indicates that scholars scarcely understand the conditions under which guilt appeals work effectively. Drawing from Moral Foundation Theory (Graham et al., 2013), this study investigated the moderating role of moral foundations in guilt appeals. I argued that the match between the transgression focus of a guilt appeal and an endorsed moral...
Show moreAs a moral emotion, guilt can serve as a mechanism in social influence. However, literature showed that the effects of guilt appeals were mixed. This indicates that scholars scarcely understand the conditions under which guilt appeals work effectively. Drawing from Moral Foundation Theory (Graham et al., 2013), this study investigated the moderating role of moral foundations in guilt appeals. I argued that the match between the transgression focus of a guilt appeal and an endorsed moral foundation would increase the intensity of perceived guilt and reduce psychological reactance, thereby leading to a more positive attitude and stronger behavioral intention. A single factorial (care/harm guilt appeal vs. purity/degradation guilt appeal vs. liberty/oppression guilt appeal vs. control message) between-subject experiment was conducted to test the moral matching effect in the context of reducing children’s consumption of sugary drinks. Results showed that care-focused guilt appeal elicited more guilt and less psychological reactance than purity-focused and liberty-focused guilt appeals. More importantly, the purity foundation mitigated the negative effect of purity-focused guilt appeal on psychological reactance, particularly on anger. The explanations for the findings, theoretical and practical implications, limitations of the study, and future research directions were discussed.
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Title: THE EFFECTS OF VIDEO MODELING ON TEACHING STUDENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES HOW TO REQUEST A WORKPLACE ACCOMMODATION
Creator: Smith, Brianna
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) may not always be proficient with self-advocacy skills or be aware of the accommodation rights afforded to them through the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), potentially hindering their success for maintaining employment and succeeding in individual job tasks. This study was designed to provide proper knowledge and training to teach individuals with IDD how to effectively advocate for their right to necessary...
Show moreIndividuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) may not always be proficient with self-advocacy skills or be aware of the accommodation rights afforded to them through the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), potentially hindering their success for maintaining employment and succeeding in individual job tasks. This study was designed to provide proper knowledge and training to teach individuals with IDD how to effectively advocate for their right to necessary accommodations in a workplace setting. First, the effectiveness of an initial whole group PowerPoint training to teach eight individuals with IDD who attended a school-to-work transition program how to request a workplace accommodation was examined. Following the training, ability to appropriate request a workplace accommodation was assessed through role-play probes; six participants did not perform the skill accurately and required additional training. Using a multiple baseline across participants design, these six participants completed 1:1 video modeling training, involving videos and role plays depicting each participants individualized requests. All participants increased their percentage of correct responding after the introduction of video modeling training. Three of the eight participants required additional booster sessions and feedback to maintain performance once video modeling was removed. Three of the eight participants generalized the skill to their workplace setting. The implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Title: ASSESSING ‘BEHAVIORAL ARTISTRY’ STAFF TRAINING ON BEHAVIOR TECHNICIANS’ USE OF BEHAVIORAL ARTISTRY TRAITS AND THE BEHAVIOR OF YOUNG CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER
Creator: Notarianni, Emilia
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Training high quality practitioners continues to be a priority in the field of Applied Behavior Analysis. The concept of behavioral artistry (BA) identifies traits that may contribute to an individual’s success as a behavior analyst, including attributes such as resilience, sense of humor, and compassion. Despite BA’s potential for meaningful impact in the field, research in this area remains limited. The current study aimed to behaviorally define the BA trait “likes people” and investigated...
Show moreTraining high quality practitioners continues to be a priority in the field of Applied Behavior Analysis. The concept of behavioral artistry (BA) identifies traits that may contribute to an individual’s success as a behavior analyst, including attributes such as resilience, sense of humor, and compassion. Despite BA’s potential for meaningful impact in the field, research in this area remains limited. The current study aimed to behaviorally define the BA trait “likes people” and investigated the effects of a behavioral skills training and video self-modeling on the development of behaviors representative of that BA trait. Additionally, data were collected on client behaviors, in order to examine the effects of the BA training on client behavior. Four dyads consisting of one behavior technician and one young child diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder participated in the study, which took place in an EIBI clinic affiliated with a midwestern university. Results showed an increase in the use of the BA trait “likes people” in all adult participants. However, this behavior change did not maintain over time. Child participants demonstrated very little behavior change between phases of this study. These findings indicate that BST and VSM may not be the most effective intervention for training staff on BA. Key words: behavioral artistry, behavioral skills training, staff training, video self-modeling
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Title: DESIGNING DECLINE : THE RECLAMATION OF AN INDUSTRIAL SITE AND THE DESIGN IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC RESILIENCE
Creator: Shevela, Brooke
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: The abandoned industrial crisis in Michigan, USA calls for the redevelopment of abandoned industrial site areas into functioning public spaces. These neglected spaces develop negative impacts on the surrounding communities regarding aesthetic, safety, economic, and environmental issues. The purpose of this study is to examine the redevelopment of an underused site, especially featuring an industrial site element, and the effects on the nearby community by applying quantitative measures. The...
Show moreThe abandoned industrial crisis in Michigan, USA calls for the redevelopment of abandoned industrial site areas into functioning public spaces. These neglected spaces develop negative impacts on the surrounding communities regarding aesthetic, safety, economic, and environmental issues. The purpose of this study is to examine the redevelopment of an underused site, especially featuring an industrial site element, and the effects on the nearby community by applying quantitative measures. The Michigan Central Station in Detroit, Michigan, USA was selected as a case study. Landscape performance research was applied to quantitively analyze the environmental, social and economic benefits of reclaiming abandoned industrial sites and their inner elements. In this research, findings showed the case study redesign resulted in positive environmental impacts. These impacts included: expanded areas of ecologically valuable land, increases in carbon sequestration, increases in retained stormwater, the use of recycled content and reductions in sulfur dioxide. The case study redevelopment showed impacts on the surrounding economics through savings on water treatment cost through stormwater retention, increases in property values, and job creation. Furthermore, the redesign also impacted social aspects for the surrounding areas including increases in the area of proposed gathering space, safety enhancements, additions of sidewalks and bike lanes, and increases in the area of public open space. In addition, the major findings support the benefits of public physical health by promoting outdoor activities. The findings of this study will help designers and urban planners to see the value in reusing existing industrial sites instead of undergoing the harmful demolition process and eventually lead to a more sustainable community design.
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Title: STREET SKATEBOARDING MITIGATION THROUGH STRATEGIC LANDSCAPE PLANTINGS
Creator: Lentz, Elijah Graham
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: Bent handrails, wax covered ledges, and chipped concrete are just a few of the common damages that are far too often the consequence of street skateboarding. Too many public properties have been damaged, trespassed, and plagued by street skateboarders as they use urban architecture and amenities to perform skate tricks on. These areas are not designed for skateboarding and often suffer the consequences as street skateboarders use urban spaces for sport. The purpose of this research is to shed...
Show moreBent handrails, wax covered ledges, and chipped concrete are just a few of the common damages that are far too often the consequence of street skateboarding. Too many public properties have been damaged, trespassed, and plagued by street skateboarders as they use urban architecture and amenities to perform skate tricks on. These areas are not designed for skateboarding and often suffer the consequences as street skateboarders use urban spaces for sport. The purpose of this research is to shed light on the ongoing conflict that occurs between street skateboarders and urban public spaces and to propose design solutions utilizing strategic landscape plantings aimed to deter street skateboarding. By using a Likert-type survey with perspective design renderings used to collect and compare data from both skateboarders and non-skateboarders, as well as observing and recording evidence of street skateboarding and its damages, solutions best fit for the study’s site area of The Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum will be determined. Ultimately, this study’s conclusions are intended to add to the knowledge of combating street skateboarding conflict. This study’s findings show that only in specific instances there are significant differences of perceptions between skateboarders and non skateboarders when determining the effectiveness of planting based street skateboarding deterrents and that a street skateboarding conflict exists at the Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum. Having just made its debut at the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympic Games, it is inevitable new effective street skateboarding mitigation strategies will be needed as the sport continues to grow around the world.
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Title: TEMPORAL LINKAGES BETWEEN NEARSHORE BATHYMETRY, SHORE ICE MORPHOLOGY, AND GEOMORPHIC CHANGE ALONG A COLD-CLIMATE COASTLINE
Creator: Hartley, Brittany M.
Date: 2022
Collection: Electronic Theses & Dissertations
Description: The nearshore ice complex (NIC) though previously studied, has given researchers muddled conclusions when studies are compared, as the documented morphological response to ice presence has been varied. This blurriness of understanding promoted the opportunity for research, and with the availability of new and improved technology, an opportunity for high accuracy analysis also arises. This study showed that ice ridge location corresponded to the bar and trough system in lakebed morphology,...
Show moreThe nearshore ice complex (NIC) though previously studied, has given researchers muddled conclusions when studies are compared, as the documented morphological response to ice presence has been varied. This blurriness of understanding promoted the opportunity for research, and with the availability of new and improved technology, an opportunity for high accuracy analysis also arises. This study showed that ice ridge location corresponded to the bar and trough system in lakebed morphology, rather than just a nearshore bar or trough. Along with that, the ice presence lowered the overall elevation of the lakebed profile, and this promoted erosion throughout the remainder of the study period. During the entirety of the research study period, the most change that was documented was found between August and November 2020 due to a large, recoded storm event that moved through the study location.
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