214BOOK REVIEWSaccount of an effort to build a caring community on the basis of theChristian faith.The two European priests and the two African brothers are the nucleus ofactivity, but not in the old authoritarian sense, for surrounding them, in con-centric circles, are the Parish Executive (which the Parish Priest does notchair), the Parish Council, and the Parish as a whole, organized in twenty-four sections.Christian witness and action are seen as the activity not only, or evenchiefly, of the clergy, but of the whole congregation, and they cover a wideand profound range: meaningful liturgy ('The Mass was soon dragged downfrom behind the colossal black butcher's slab of a high altar, above and farfrom the people', p.28); religious education in schools; the use of the Bible;Christian social life and action; the role of the priest and the brother; ecumeni-cal experiences; problems of marriage; help for the needy and care for thesick. Problems concerning the compatibility between certain African traditionsand practices are squarely faced, and the African sense of the wide family ofthe living, and of the one community of the living and the dead, is seen as alesson to individualistic Westerners in their inhibited loneliness.The book is the description of a Parish which is a 'true and lively' memo-rial to its guide and leader, Fr Wim Smulders, S.J., accidentally killed inDecember 1975, whom the people called 'Munhu' Š a human being in theShona understanding of the word.University of RhodesiaR. CRAIGSalisbury: A Geographical Survey of the Capital of Rhodesia Edited byG. Kay and M. A. H. Smout. London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1977, viii,119pp., illustrated, £3,50.This book endeavours to provide a geographical account of the City of Salis-bury based upon individual research efforts of eight staff members of theDepartment of Geography at the University of Rhodesia in the period 1968-72.As stated in the preface, the underlying research objectives 'were partly toprovide a basis for effective teaching of the geography of the local region,and partly to contribute to an understanding of Salisbury and its problemsin wider circles' (p.vi). Since individual research efforts were permitted to re-flect the varying interests and expertise of the participating staff, the readershould not expect these objectives to be met fully in this volume. Also someof the chapters show their specialized nature and style in spite of the com-mendable efforts of the editors to standardize the terminology and phraseo-logy.In classic geographical fashion the first chapter of the book contains adiscussion on the site and situation of Salisbury by R. W. Tomlinson andP. Wurzel; restricting themselves to essentially physical attributes, they outlinethe physical environmental factors which account for the location and growthof the city. Then follows a descriptive historical account by A. J. Christopherof the areal morphology of Salisbury within the setting of a pre-determinedcadastral framework; maps usefully illustrate the growth and development ofland use in the city. Smout also discusses the growth and development of landuse in the city to include land-use density and the vertical (townscape) dimen-sions, and systematically describes the city centre, the industrial, and theEuropean and African residential areas. Kay and M. Cole focus on the citizensBOOK REVIEWS215of the city and provide some interesting insights into Salisbury as a man-made environment built on apartheid principles. Disparities in the social,economic and demographic characteristics of the city's racial groups arevividly discussed and supported by tabulated data, maps and photographs.The fifth and sixth chapters by Smout provide an explanatory descriptionof the dichotomy between commercial development in the city centre andthat in the suburbs. Based upon a 1970 land-use survey and applying verybasic analytical techniques, Chapter Five deals with land-use structure, land-use distribution and functional regions of the city centre. From these findingsSmout concludes that Salisbury is essentially a young city which will in-evitably experience further substantial structural changes. In Chapter Sixthe functional nature and distribution of suburban shopping centres as wellas the related shopping patterns and habits of the suburban residents are dis-cussed fully with supporting analyses of data collected by means of question-naires and extensive field work. Although the data is now more than fouryears old, this chapter still contains valuable insights into Salisbury's suburbancommercial activity.J. Trinder provides a historical description of Salisbury's industrial areasup to 1972, which is disappointing in its limited research and lack of explana-tion of the location and growth of the various industries in terms of industriallinkages or agglomeration and deglomeration relationships. P. A. Hardwickexamines the development and the state of Salisbury's intra and extra-urbantransportation systems up to 1972. The report is supported by substantialamounts of data gathered from fieldwork surveys and from local govern-ment records; but while the growing transportation problems of the city arehighlighted, little is offered by way of concrete prescriptions for these pro-blems.In the last and concluding chapter Kay sees the two major problemsfacing Salisbury, as first, the rising costs of running a city with uneconomiclateral sprawl of low density housing in white suburbia. The second concernsracial discrimination and associated socio-economic inequalities between whiteand black residents of the city. As Kay rightly points out the belated solutionto these problems will ultimately rest with the politicians and administrators.Having said this Kay surprisingly proceeds to offer solutions based upon thepremise that the growth of Salisbury will continue to be influenced by apar-theid principles. In part this premise highlights one of the problems which be-devil this book, namely time. Some of the findings in the book and the con-clusion drawn therefrom are either outdated or based upon premises whichhave been changing very quickly. The late publication of the book also addsto these problems.One of the most serious omissions in the book is the lack of references.Without a bibliography I cannot see the 'necessary link between research andteaching' (p.vii) being adequately provided. The authors would have saveda lot of valuable time and effort to those who wish to follow up on their re-search if copious data source references were included. The same applies tomethodologies (not clearly spelled out in the text, if at all) which some authorsused to manipulate and analyse data.Nevertheless the book, although expensive, does neatly provide interestinginformation for the general reader not concerned with detail.University of RhodesiaC. C. MUTAMBIRWA