REGULATION NO EXAGGERATED PROJECTIONS Lawn businessmen look at year with 4 cautious optimism' Congress extends-mower deadline Congress has granted mower manufacturers a six-month exten-sion to comply with the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) safety standard for walk-behind mowers. The action delays the effective date Šoriginally Dec. 31, 1981 Š to June 30, 1982. The action came as part of the CPSC appropriations measure, which is part of a larger bill including the Department of Housing and Urban Development. The Outdoor Power Equipment Institute has also reported that the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) has submitted a final report to 
CPSC on its study of the validity of 
the agency's proposed thrown ob-jects test for power mowers. The CPSC's current plans call for reproposing thrown objects requirements for walk-behind mowers by October of this year. They were included in CPSC's May 1977 proposed standard, and have been the subject of debate and study since then. The latest RTI report was an attempt to review public com-ments about the proposed stand-ard, link the hazard potential rep-
resented by actual injury data to the test procedure and its accepta-
ble criteria, and develop and test a computer simulation model to predict the injury potential of various mower designs. WISCONSIN The regulatory bandwagon con-tinues to roll over users of the phenoxy group of herbicides. The latest attack comes from Madison, Wisconsin, where, under pressure 
from environmentalists, city offi-
cials have issued a moratorium on the use of the popular weed killer, 2,4-D. The temporary ban was issued by Paul McCloskey Assistant editor Reports from around the industry indicate that lawn care business-
men will be faced with a number of economic uncertainties this year. A new administration in Washington, soaring interest rates, 
and government regulation of chemicals vital to the industry are the chief variables. The pulse of 
the industry remains quick, nonetheless, and businessmen are speaking with cautious optimism of the new season. Although a few executives interviewed expect a slower first by the park superintendent after a child, whose father had been ex-posed to Agent Orange in Viet-
nam, had what his parents called a seizure while a Parks Department 
crew sprayed the herbicide. Agent Orange contained 2,4,5-T, which has been banned for 
use in the United States. Environ-mentalists have argued that 2,4-D half due to wariness on the part of 
consumers hard hit by inflation last year, most feel that the busi-ness atmosphere will clear and killing interest rates subside once 
President Reagan assumes real economic leadership. None, however, have made exaggerated business projections, prefering instead to tailor their marketing forecasts to stronger 
consumer confidence in the dollar. Also, those interviewed suggest that the industry must concentrate on achieving maximum labor and 
equipment efficiency this year, while gearing up for a more aggre-should also be banned. The successful lobbying action was organized chiefly by Lynn Haanen, a member of the Dane County board of supervisors, the Madison City Council, and chair-
man of the county's ad hoc Agent Orange Committee. With the sup-port of many Vietnam veterans and citizens attuned to the issue, the proposal passed the City Council and a county hearing was slated. The decision was reversed at the county level, however, when rep-
resentatives of the Golf Course Superintendents Association of 
America, the chemical industry, 
and university research depart-ments were on hand to defend use of the material. Citing gross under-representation at the initial city hearings, Russ Weisensel, execu-tive director of the Wisconsin Agri-Business Council, said that among the 17 who appeared at the hearing, only two were in opposi-tion. "There was no doctor's report on the seizure," he said. "The 
youngster was seizure prone, and the hearing was set up only 24 hours after the incident occured." The make-up of the county hearing was more evenly distrib-
uted between members for and 
against, he said. Represented were 10 or 11 scientists from the University of Wisconsin and a 
cadre from two of the biggest manufacturers and users of the chemical, Union Carbide and O. M. Scott and Sons. The County Agriculture and Zoning Board, responsible for to page 10 sive advertising and promotion effort. Michael Brown, for instance, president of L&M Lawncare in Canton, Ohio, is offering his cus-
tomers an unusually high eight percent discount on year long 
service if they pay in advance. "This will have two results," said Brown. "First, it will save the customer some money, and sec-ond, it will allow us to use the 
extra cash for purchasing in the spring." An attractive prepayment plan allows the industry to generate much needed cash flow in the spring to help withstand the initial cost of starting up again. This is especially true in the northern 
regions where winter is the peren-nial off-season for lawn care crews. The plan also provides an alterna-
tive to taking out expensive loans. L&M will also institute a new program of equipment and labor efficiency. Their trucks will be operated in two shifts, with one 
crew going out at dawn, returning in the early afternoon to wash and load the trucks for the next shift. The afternoon shift will then work until nightfall. Zeroing in on the 
industry's losses from expensive downtime, Brown remarked that to page 5 LCI SURVEY Average chemical lawn firm has 500 accounts The average reader of Lawn Care Industry involved in chemical lawn care has 500 accounts, ac-cording to a recent survey con-ducted by the magazine. The same survey showed that the average reader of the magazine involved in mowing/maintenance 
had 86 accounts. Overall, 14.9 percent of LCI readers handle chemical applica-tion accounts only, 21.6 percent handle mowing/maintenance ac-counts only, and 39.9 percent of the readers handle both chemical application and mowing I maintenance accounts. Other readers are not appreciably ac-tively involved in lawn care. Projecting these results to the total readership of the magazine 
actively involved in lawn care, the survey showed that LCI readers 
service 3.6 million chemical lawn 
care accounts a year, and 700,000 
mowing/maintenance accounts, for a total of 4.3 million accounts 
serviced. These figures imply that 6.8 percent of owner-occupied, to page 4 Number of accounts Type Average/ reader Projection to LCI readership Chemical application 500 3.6 million Mowing/ maintenance 86 700.000 Total 4.3 million Source 1980 LCI survey QUICK STARTS Lehr on labor law page 8 Getting good crabgrass control page 16 Controlling summer weeds in lawns page 17 Fall control of broadleaf weeds page 18 Soil amendments for established lawns page 32 
New control for Dutch elm disease page 42 MEMOS 4 MEETING DATES 19 NEWSMAKERS 20 COST CUTTINGS 22 TOOLS, TIPS & TECHNIQUES 29 MONEYWISE 30 
MARKETING IDEA FILE 40 PRODUCTS 43 1 6288* Iw Ł Ł HQ-9NISNV1 3 IDS 1I0S 3 dQdD AI*n 31V1S NV9IH3IW doad axaia a d r Id3 I099-HN-3IS0T00 fcSIrf lould get involved INDUSTRY, page cs at the business, 
;inessman faces in suggested by our L4WN Serving lawn maintenance and chemical lawn care professionals. INDUSTRY FEBRUARY 1981 Ł VOL. 5, NO. 2 Ł An HBJ Publication Madison restricts 2,4-D; ban overturned in county WHY 9 OUT OF lO LEADING LAWN CARE FIRMS USE When the top 9 of 10 lawn care firms in America all choose DCJRSBAN* brand insecticides as their predominate insecticides for surface insect control...there has to be a good reason. Or two. ^ajg^ Well there are two. 1. DURSBAN insecticides last longest of all ; ^ ^ leading insecticides. 2. DURSBAN insecticides cost less to use than other leading insecticides. In fact one application of DURSBAN 4E, % oz. per 1,000 sq. ft., costs only about 45*. Yet with this small amount, you get six to eight 
weeks of unsurpassed residual control of dozens of turf pests. ^ Compare this to two to four weeks with any of the other leading insecticides. And although DURSBAN insecticides are highly effective against insects, they are kind to turf, to people and to pets. You also use a lower dosage rate with DURSBAN than with other leading insecticides. That means you handle fewer drums to do the job. So ask your supplier for the turf insecticide that saves you time, trips, storage space and money. Ask for DURSBAN 2E insecticide or double-strength DURSBAN 4E insecticide. Just be sure to read and follow all label directions and precautions. Agricultural Products Department, Midland, Michigan 48640. hsh I u Circle 125 on free information card DOW CHEMICAL U.S.A. 'Trademark o* The Do* Chem.ca* Company 00 O) T-t CQ U u. C/3 D Q Z < u z £ MEMOS A Reagan economy: Ronald Reagan makes the big difference in the outlook of business executives for this year. The prospect of the newly installed administration in Washington and the economic-policy changes it is likely to bring are what executives are mentioning most often as reasons for optimism about the U.S. economy's future. Corporate leaders generally believe 1981 will be better than 1980 for their own companies (despite the recent surge in interest rates and speculation about renewed recession) and most expect some overall improvement in the economy this year. The basis for that optimism, executives say, is the new Republican administration. Heads of companies of all sizes say 
they expect some progress to be made in reducing government spending and in lightening what they consider to be the burden of federal regulations. Although the Federal Reserve Board's restraint on availability of credit is likely to remain severe, many executives expect modest gains in profitability. "The atmosphere will be completely different with the Reagan administration," predicts the chairman of a diversified agricultural/horticultural company. "Business policies will be put on a sounder basis, and we businessmen will feel better. It will encourage us to improve production," he told the Wall Street Journal. Many executives are hopeful that government involvement in business and the economy will be reduced during the Reagan years. Many executives cite factors related to fewer regulations and restrictions and less government involvement in describing the most important business development they expect in the 1980's. Computer-designed mowers: Simplicity Mfg. Co., Port Washington, Wis., an Allis-Chalmers company, employed WWN GIRE INDUSTRY Editor/ Publisher: ROBERT EARLEY Assistant Editor: PAUL McCLOSKEY Graphic Coordinator: ROBERT ANDRESEN Graphic Design: DENISE JOHNSON Production Manager: MAXINE HAGEN MARKETING/SALES New York Office: ROBERT EARLEY (212) 888-2892 757 Third Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017 Midwest Office: KIMBERLY CORRY (312) 773 2300 111 East Wacker Drive, Chicago, IL 60601 Southern Office: DICK GORE (404) 233-1817 3091 Maple Dr., Atlanta, GA 30305 Northwest Office: BOB MIEROW (206) 363-2864 1333 N.W. Norcross, Seattle, WA 98177 Classified: DAWN ANDERSON (218) 727-8511 1 East First St., Duluth, MN 55802 Circulation Supervisor: JOAN SMITH 1 East First St., Duluth, MN 55802 Reader Service: GENE BAILEY (218) 727-8511 1 East First St., Duluth, MN 55802 Please send advertising materials to: LAWN CARE INDUSTRY 120 W. 2nd St. DULUTH, MN 55802 218-727-8511 HARCOURT BRACE JOVANOVICH PUBLICATIONS HBJ) ROBERT L. EDGELL, Chairman RICHARD MOELLER, President LARS FLADMARK, Executive Vice President ARLAND HIRMAN, Treasurer THOMAS GRENEY, Group Vice President EZRA PINCUS, Group Vice President LAWRENCE WITCHEL, Group Vice President JOE BILDERBACH, Vice President JAMES GHERNA, Vice President GEORGE GLENN, Vice President HARRY RAMALEY, Vice President LAWN CARE INDUSTRY (USPS 397250) is published monthly by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publications. Corporate and Editorial offices: 757 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10017. Advertising offices: 757 Third Avenue, New York, New York, 111 East Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60601 and 3091 Maple Drive, Atlanta, Georgia 30305. Accounting, Advertising Production and Circulation offices: 1 East First Street, Duluth, Minnesota 55802. Subscription rates: one year, $15 in the United States and Canada; all other countries: $40. Single copies: $2 in the United States and Canada; all other countries: $4.50. Controlled circulation postage Daid at Cleveland, Ohio 44101. Copyright © 1981 by Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, nc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or £ transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from tne publisher. POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to LAWN CARE INDUSTRY, P.O. Box 6200, Duluth, Minnesota 55806. computer techniques to design its 1981 fleet of riding mowers. Working with the Advanced Technology Center of Allis-
Chalmers Corp., Simplicity engineers employed the dynamic design techniques of modal and Fourier analysis, dynamic testing and finite element analysis to provide improved design of the system for structural and design performance. Through these activities excessive vibration of the frame and steering wheel were reduced to minimal levels. The procedure and results obtained by Simplicity in this particular design project was recently acknowledged by the 
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). During the Society's annual conference in Milwaukee, Wis., Simplicity was invited to present a paper to the group on this project. The technical paper entitled "Riding Mower Development by Dynamic Design Techniques," was presented by H. T. Knudson of Simplicity, along with P. T. Shupert and P. H. Sheth, Advanced Technology Center. Superintendents, watch out: The impact the lawn care industry is having on state turfgrass conferences continues. As an example, of the 1,745 attendees to the recent Ohio Turfgrass 
Conference, 25 percent (428) were members of the lawn care industry. On the other hand, 32 percent (551) were golf course 
superintendents. Dow pushing to be number one: Dow Chemical Co., manufacturers of Dursban insecticide widely used in the lawn care industry, will become more aggressive in the future, according to a recent article in Chemical Week. "I'd love to grow faster than DuPont," Paul F. Oreffice, Dow's president and chief executive officer, told the magazine. The article dealt largely with chemical uses other than the lawn care industry, of course, but said that with relatively high 
cash flow and the chemical industry's most aggressive use of borrowed capital, Dow has steadily improved its production processes and relentlessly built up a world-wide network of large plants and "live-wire" sales forces. Two years ago, the company's top executives issued a call for divisions to push hard on product innovation. It was that call that eventually led Dow to expand in agricultural chemicals, among other areas. The art icle said that Dow officials expect continued growth in their Agricultural Chemical Division, which could eventually produce about $500 million in annual sales. There, a good part of Dow's hopes for the future is based on tetrachloropyridine, 
which gives the company the routes to a broad spectrum of products ranging from Dursban to N-Serve, a relatively new nitrogen-fixing compound. Computer biggies looking at small business: The race is on among the leading computer and office equipment manufactur-
ers to capture a stronghold in the fast-growing market for small-business computers. This is not news to lawn care businessmen who have attended the Professional Lawn Care Association of America Conference and Trade Show in Louisville and other turf conferences around the country. Where in the past booth space has largely been occupied by chemical companies and equipment manufactur-
ers, computer companies are now snapping up space. There were four separate companies alone at the PLCAA show, and others at state turf conferences. Such heavyweights as International Business Machines, Data General, Digital Equipment and Xerox are all pitching for the small businessman's dollar. But for all their savvy in marketing to huge enterprises, these companies are not yet sure how to reach the small ones. Their target is more than four million small businesses with fewer than 200 employes each, including many lawn care companies. But small computer prospects are more difficult to identify than their large corporate counterparts. Despite uncertainties, the big information processing com-panies have little choice but to attack this market. "It's really a defensive move," one industry expert told Business Week. "Companies have to compete in the small-business market to defend their market share against low-end competitors who will want to build up." SURVEY from page 1 single-family homes in the United States are serviced by readers of Lawn Care Industry, based on the federal government's Current Housing Reports, published by the Bureau of the Census. However, industry experts esti-mate that the number of owner-occupied, single-family homes that could ever require the services of a lawn care firm (subtracting inner-city homes, for example) is 
closer to 48 million in number. 
Using these assumptions, readers of the magazine service closer to 
nine percent of these homes. Results of this survey are based upon a 53.6 percent response to 500 questionnaires mailed to read-ers of the magazine in mid-1980. At that time, respondents pre-dicted a 17 percent increase in 
customers in 1980 over 1979. If these predictions held up, LCI readers were servicing 10.5 per-cent of the 48 million owner-occupied, single-family homes by the end of last year. A similar survey will be conducted by the 
magazine later this year. For a copy of the complete 1980 report, contact: Bob Earley, editor/publisher, Lawn Care In-dustry, 757 Third Ave., New York, NY 10017. "Barring a major recession," says Bob Cohen of The Green Scene in Tarzana, Calif., "we are very up about this year. Things are going to be more positive. Isolated shocks may come, but the overall trend will be up." Michael Brown of L & M Lawncare, Canton, Ohio feels that his eight percent pre-payment discount will "save the customer some money, and allow us to use the extra cash for purchasing in the spring." "One of the ways we can get around the 2,4-D issue is to keep up our diversity," says John Wright of Wright Lawn Spray Service in Bloomingdale, Ontario. His business was up 30 percent last year, and he hopes for the same this year. "I don't know quite why," says Terry Stout ofR.B. Stout, Inc., Akron, Ohio, "but ever since the election, people have begun to spend a lot of cash in our garden store. Not checks, not credit cards, but cash." n > z a c C/3 3 DO (O 00 CAUTIOUS OPTIMISM from page 1 "the industry's going to have to get far more efficient with the use of equipment." Oddly enough, however, the fortunes of the lawn care industry don't seem to be keyed to larger, national economic turbulence. The most severe recessionary years of the mid-seventies were practically a boom time in lawn care. Aside from the cost of taking 
out loans at close to twenty percent last year, most companies sur-veyed report a substantial growth in their consumer base. The reason, according to Bob Cohen, president of the Green Scene, in Tarzana, California, has to do with consumer instincts. "Inflationary pressures force people to look within themselves and concentrate on home mainte-nance. There's less money to spend on transportation for in-stance, and people's private sur-
roundings assume greater impor-tance, give more satisfaction." Many of the outfits reviewed by Lawn Care Industry feel that the recessionary years have been an overall object lesson in business prudence. Labor efficiency and 
investment techniques acquired 
during years of spiralling inflation will, if sustained during good years, lead to steady, mature growth. Accordingly, Cohen plans to keep his prices for last year's 
customers the same in the hope that his consumer base will 
broaden significantly. "Barring a major recession," he quipped, "we 
are very up about next year. Things 
are going to be more positive. 
Isolated shocks may come, but the overall trend will be up." Some of the smaller companies interviewed also look forward to prosperity in the coming year. 
Larry Livingstone, owner of 
Livingstone Lawn in Birmingham, 
Alabama, runs a one-man outfit 
and although operating with low 
overhead, says that he now has just 
about all the business he can handle. He plans to add one 
employee to his company this 
year, representing a 100 percent labor growth. Livingstone doesn't believe President Reagan can cut interest 
rates with a stroke of a pen, however, a sentiment common 
throughout the industry. "A 19 percent interest rate is outrageous," says Norm Berman, president of Lawn Ranger, Inc. in East Brunswick, New Jersey, "but 
you have to finance growth, there's just no alternative." Berman feels that the high cost of borrowing will force the indus-try to assume a more aggressive 
business posture, stimulating the weaker companies to compete. "It's a survival of the fittest kind of thing," he said. "People will be forced to adopt stronger marketing techniques." Maintaining that the lawn care industry is somewhat indeped-nent of larger, big business trends, Berman says, "We've always had 
greater growth in times when the economy was in bad shape. We about 30 percent last year and hopes the same for 1981. "One of the ways we can get around the 2,4-D issue is to keep 
up our diversity," said Wright. "We offer a broad range of services that will help us recover from going into shock over the possible ban." Most agree that diversifying not only increases business volume, but can help offset economic stress in slow years and combat particu-
larly local hazards to company business. Terry Stout, vice-president of R. B. Stout, Inc. in Akron, Ohio, believes that their broad network of landscaping, spraying, and nursery services 
offers them relief from high inter-Some are experimenting with new promotional and pricing ideas to excite the market. Some are holding steady, choosing to develop their existing accounts. But all are optimistic, cautiously so to be sure, for the coming year. can't pay a whole lot of attention to economic indicators. We have to 
just go ahead and do it." Paul Bizon, President of Pro-Grass in Hubard, Oregon, agrees 
that the recession affects big busi-ness more adversely than lawn 
care. "I don't believe that it is 
affecting people who are salaried and want to keep their grounds in top shape," he said. Bizon is optimistic for the com-ing year and plans to add two more trucks to their line. They also have the unusual advantage of being able to promote their service through a sod company which they have interests in, enabling 
them to offer complete post-sodding lawn care attention. A different set of conditions prevails across the border in Canada. Lawn care businessmen there are being forced to contend with the possible ban of the broadleaf herbicide 2,4-D and so are more emotional about their prospects. 2,4-D is currently the 
most commonly used herbicide and a ban would devastate most spraying companies there. Without the ban, however, they report a good, solid year. John 
Wright of Wright Lawn Spray Service in Bloomingdale, Ontario, reports that his business was up est rates and spring time cash 
scarcity. "Our garden store helps with cash flow in the spring," he said. "Also, we have a tangible asset 
with our in-ground stock, so we go through an agricultural lending institute for our loans." Stout hopes the Reagan ad-ministration will deliver the 
promised economic well-being and already he has seen some improvement. "I don't know quite why," he said, "but ever since the 
election, people have begun to spend alot of cash in our garden 
store. Not checks, not credit cards, but cash." Most throughout the industry see the close to 20 percent interest rates as one of the chief obstacles to growth in the coming year. Allan 
Duey of Jay-Lan, Inc. in Sioux City, Iowa, is battling the high cost of loans by taking out thirty day renewable notes with the hope that 
the rates will eventually decline. Anticipating about a 25 percent growth in company assets, Duey 
intends to raise his prices about the same percentage in 1981. Sioux City area turf was devastated by a bluegrass Billbug infestation last year, a particularly destructive outbreak that Duey feels will en-
courage his customers to absorb the higher costs and request full year service. Jay-Lan hopes to generate spring cash flow by implementing their pre-payment program as early as the middle of December, allowing 
themselves to be well prepared once service returns to full swing 
in the spring. Since the cost of their chemicals will remain the same, Jay-Lan is optimistic about the year, and along with most everyone else, hopes the new 
President can ease the crippling 
rate of inflation. Insect infestation was particu-larly severe in the Richmond, Indiana area where Gary Kitchel 
operates E-Z Lawn. In 1980, the 
chinchbug and webworm plague there was intense, forcing business slowdowns as a result of the volume of service calls required. Some of the customers hit har-dest were those who had requested reduced service. This year, Kitchel says, they will provide only a full 
year spray service and will not 
allow their customers to skip any applications. This will have the 
effect of improving the customers' lawns and reducing his service 
liability, Kitchel says. He plans to begin his own pre-payment plan this spring so he can get a good start on his busi-
ness, suffering now somewhat 
from the hot weather and insect pestilence of last year. For the most part, local condi-tions were reported as much more significant to successful business than national economic cross-currents. But many businesses were not immune to national econ-omic misfortune. Robert August, for instance, one of the owners of 
Toledo Lawn Service, Inc. in Ohio, hopes that he can regain the business lost to him when the automobile industry was forced to 
lay off many of their employees. "My residential service slacked off last year," he said. "But I'm confident that with Ronald Reagan in office now, business will free 
up." August is a firm believer in free competition. He recommends that 
his customers take the most com-petitive bid they can get in order to boost consumer confidence. This, in turn, supplies him with the most competitive references for 
business and broadens his cus-tomer base with committed ac-counts. "We had a lot of trouble to page 10 ** M J sM Whether for bluegrass, fescue, bentgrass, or Bermudagrass, it's a fact that more turf care 
professionals demand Betasan11 herbicide over 
any other brand. The simple reason. Betasan delivers the maxi-mum amount of crabgrass control with a mini-mum amount of effort. Just one application at labelled rates stops crabgrass before it starts. Stops it without hurting 
established turf. And stops it in most of the U.S. 
all season long. That's the furthest man has come in fighting crabgrass. But you don't have to go far for your own supply. Just to the distributors listed here. They've all put Betasan into their own herbi-cide products. Because they want to bring turf care professionals the ultimate in protection 
against crabgrass. Follow label directions. Stauffer Chemical Company, Agricultural Chemical Division, Westport, CT 06880. ® T.M. of Stauffer Chemical Company. Betasan No. 1 against crabgrass Firm Agway, Inc. The Andersons Faesy & Besthoff, Inc. Edgewater, New Jersey Lakeshore Equipment and Supply Co., Inc. Elyria, Ohio Lebanon Chemical and Fertilizer Corp. Lebanon, Pennsylvania Mallinckrodt, Inc. St. Louis, Missouri Brand Name Sales Area Betasan 7-G Northeast Betasan plus fertilizer Midwest F & B Northeast Betasan 4-E, 3.6-G and 7-G Lescosan National 4-E, 12.5-G and 7-G Betasan plus fertilizer Lebanon Betasan National plus Fertilizer Pre-San National 4-E, 12.5-G and 7-G Firm Occidental Chemical Co. Lathrop, California PBI Gordon Corp. Kansas City, Kansas Platte Chemical Co. Greeley, Colorado Pratt-Gabriel Div. Miller Chemical and Fertilizer Co. Robbinsville, New Jersey Pro-Lawn Products, Inc. Rockland Chemical Co. West Caldwell, New Jersey Brand Name Best 4-E and 12.5-G Betamec-4 Sales Area West Coast Southwest National Clean Crop Betasan Midwest 4-E West Pratt 4-E, 12.5-G, 7-G Betasan 7-G Rockland Betasan 4-E, 12.5-G and 7-G Betasan plus fertilizer. Northeast Northeast Northeast LEHR ON LABOR LAW What you need to know about back pay liability, overtime exemptions, and new wage and hour legislation by Richard I. Lehr It was a pleasure meeting many of you at the Professional Lawn Care Association of America National Convention in Louisville. Before discussing current developments, I would like to respond to some 
questions which were raised dur-
ing my presentation there. 1. If a lawn care employer is not following the wage and hour guidelines, how many years is he 
responsible for back pay liability? According to the Fair Labor Stand-
ards Act, employers are only re-
sponsible for two years worth of violations, unless a determination is made of willfullness or gross misconduct in violating the sta-
tute, which would then make the employer responsible for three 
years of back pay. If a lawn care employer revises his pay system to comply with wage and hour requirements, then the amount of back pay liability is reduced for every week the lawn 
care employer complies. For example, assume that for the next year, the lawn care employer uses a proper pay system. If an employee questions how he was paid during the past two years, the lawn care employer's liability may be limited to the one year during 
which he did not comply with wage and hour requirements. 2. How does a lawn care employer qualify for a minimum 
wage and overtime exemption as a 
retail or service enterprise? As we discussed in Louisville, retail en-terprises with gross annual sales of less than $325,000.00 ($362,500.00 as of January 1,1982) are exempt from minimum wage and overtime requirements. The following conditions must be met to qualify for the exemption: (a) The retail or service estab-lishment must be the employer. (b) The selling or servicing in Lehr is a lawyer ivith Sirote, Permutt, Friend. Friedman. Held & Apolinsky, Birmingham, Ala. which the establishment is en-gaged must have a "retail con-
cept. " (c) The establishment must be a nonenterprise establishment; that is, it usually may not be a branch location of a larger company. (d) Over 50 percent of the estab-lishment's yearly dollar volume of sales must be made within the state where the establishment is located. (e) At least 75 percent of the establishment's yearly dollar vol-
ume of sales must be recognized in the particular industry as retail sales or services. (f) At least 75 percent of the establishment's yearly dollar vol-ume of sales must be to purchasers who do not buy for resale. Many lawn care employers may qualify for this exemption. How-ever, the factors which qualify an employer for this exemption must be scrutinized and followed care-fully. It is unlikely that larger lawn care employers in more than one location would qualify for this exemption. Certain industries, such as the landscaping industry, appear to have common interests with the chemical lawn care industry. 
However, a landscaping company 
is prohibited from claiming the retail and service industry exemp-tion, which I do not think a lawn care industry will be prohibited. The difference is that land-scaping is not considered retailing with a consumed service. Lawn care employers are more analog-
ous to pest and termite companies 
for wage and hour purposes, than to landscaping or other non-chemical lawn care employers. According to wage and hour cases, insect and pest control employers are eligible for the retail and service industry exemption. I am optimistic that lawn care employers may qualify for this 
exemption also. 3. If a lawn care employer pays his employees according to the 
bonus system, do the bonuses count in calculating the regular hourly rate? Whether or not a 
bonus must be taken into consid-eration for an employee's overall 
compensation depends on the nature and purpose of the bonus. If the bonus is designed to encourage increased production on the part of the employees, then the bonus 
constitutes earnings which must be added to the overall wage and hour calculations. On the other hand, if a bonus is a discretionary reward for past ser-vices, which is not devised until after the services have been ren-dered, then the bonus may be excluded from wage and hour calculations. For example, if a lawn care employer gives a 
Christmas or year end bonus, such bonus would not be included in the wage and hour calculations if the bonus remains discretionary 
and is not given as part of a work 
incentive package. If the bonus is given on the basis of weekly or monthly production, then it may have to be included, since it is a 
production incentive for the next week or month. Employer ordered to continue distribution of turkeys. In the case of Aeronca, Inc., the National Labor Relations Board ordered the 
employer to resume its practice of giving employees turkeys for 
Christmas. The employer was or-dered to compensate his employ-
ees for the value of a 14-16 lb. turkey. The NLRB found that the employer violated the National Labor Relations Act by not bar-
gaining with his employee's union, the International Associa-tion of Machinists, before eliminating the Christmas turkey program. A Christmas bonus paid over a number of years is considered 
compensation, ruled the Board, 
and may not be discontinued 
without giving the union notice and an opportunity to bargain over the change. The fact that the employer made the change as part 
of an austerity program was ir-relevant on the issue of the employer unilaterally dis-
continuing the bonus. This case vividly illustrates the limitations on an employer's abil-
ity to run his business when his 
employees have voted for a union. No employer practice or policy is beyond union scrutiny, whether it is Christmas turkeys, beverages for 
soft drink machine, or wages, 
hours and conditions of employ-
ment. A union prevention pro-
gram, as discussed at Louisville, 
will keep lawn care employers a step ahead of the unions. Erosion of the "termination at will" right. There has been a long established common law rule that an employee, without a contract 
for a specified term, may be dis-charged at any time (known as "at will") or may quit at any time. However, the recent case of Cleary vs. Airlines demonstrates the ero-sion the employee at will concept. Lawrence M. Cleary was an airport operations agent in Los Angeles. He was terminated from a $22,000.00 a year job after 18 years of service. The court held that Cleary has the right to prove whether or not he was terminated unjustly, and also has the right to seek compensatory and punitive damages for breach of the 
employer's good faith and fair dealing, which are implied in the employment contract. The court explained that its position demonstrates "the con-tinuing trend toward recognition by the courts and the legislature of certain implied contract rights to job security, necessary to insure social stability in our society." Furthermore, the court ex-plained that the time-honored "employee at will" concept "when viewed in the context of present day economic reality and the joint, reasonable expectations of employers and their employers 
may indeed be fictional." This case portends events to come in the area of wrongful discharge. Regardless of whether or not employees have rights pro-tected by a collective bargaining agreement, the courts, legislatures and administrative agencies are scrutinizing employee termina-tions. Lawn care employers should respond by following the basic principle of not terminating an employee unless there is just cause to do so. A lawn care employer who builds the "Paper Fortress of Documentation" will have the 
necessary information leading to a termination decision, and that de-cision will not surprise an em-ployee who was warned, discip-lined or counseled throughout the employment relationship. New wage and hour legislation. According to representatives of the United States Chamber of Commerce and the National As-sociation of Manufacturers, there 
is a good possibility that a sub-
minimum wage for youth will be 
adopted next year. Senator Orin Hatch has introduced a bill to set 
the youth rate at 75 percent of the minimum wage. Organized labor 
will vigorously oppose this bill, as labor perceives a subminimum 
wage for youth leading to a loss of 
jobs for potential full time em-ployees and in laid off union members. EEOC approves final sexual harassment guidelines. Effective November 10, 1980, the Equal 
Employment Opportunity Com-
mission's guidelines on sexual harassment at the workplace hold employers liable for the acts of 
supervisors and agents "regard-less of whether the specific acts complained of were authorized or even forbidden by the employer and regardless of whether the 
employer knew or should have known of their occurence." Employers do not have the same strict responsibility for non-
supervisory employees. Employers will be considered re-sponsible for the sexual harass-ment of employees by non-supervisory employees if the employer "knew or should have known of the conduct" of those employees, unless the employer 
can show that "immediate and to page 12 "If the bonus is designed to encourage increased production on the part of the employees, then the bonus constitutes earnings which must be added to the overall wage and hour calculations," Lehr said. o 3 CD O CD < ® O o D 5" c CD ^ CD O 
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Š Š Š Š Š -Š ; cn 2 8 "Sills t! 1 FEBRUARY 1981 (Expires in 60 days) reader service card l/se f/7/s card to obtain more information...fast. CO UJ > LU oJQ ^ < < Uj m < o wu. t Z Z Z 3 z i H D i D Q Š1 < s a. UJ CC in s 
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co cc LL B This unretouched photo from California demonstrates an advantage of including 20% Citation with an improved blend of bluegrasses. On the left is 100% Kentucky bluegrass damaged by Fusarium blight On the right the Citation-bluegrass mixture shows little or no damage. 'PROGRESS FROM THE GROUND UP' faeno&l Citation Turf-Perennial Plant Variety Protection Number 7500003 MITVW asked for an all-purpose, deep rooted higtuemperature 
tolerant ryegrass This is our answer! Dr. William Meyer, Research Director, states: "At Turf-Seed, I nc., we set out to develop a turf-type perennial ryegrass with 
rapid establishment, good heat tolerance and the ability to maintain high quality throughout the hot summer months. We also wanted an attractive, dark green color and improved mowing performance. After years of cross breeding and testing, Turf-Seed developed Citation. I believe it comes very close to the specifications we were looking for in a fine-leafed ryegrass." Citation had the highest average turf performance rating in a five-year test at Rutgers University. This excellent record has been confirmed by years of proven performance in applied 
use by turf professionals throughout the United States. Top-quality Citation seed is now available for your use. For test results and information write: Vaughan-Jacklin Corp. Bound Brook, NJ 08805 Downers Grove, IL 60515 Post Falls, ID 83854 Landover, MD 20785 Jonathan Green & Sons Farmingdale, NJ 07727 Turf-Seed, Inc. Hubbard, OR 97032^ J & L Adikes, Inc. Jamaica, NY 11423 > z n > X m 5 a c in H < TJ H 00 2,4-D from page 1 making recommendations to the County Council for limiting use of the herbicide, voted unanimously not to restrict its use at that meeting. Environmentalists say they will continue to push for restrictions on the use of the herbicide in general parklands and median 
strips because the issue is still current and may be appealed at any time. Wiesensel says users are prepared for more agitation if it may come. To the biggest users of the chemical, 30 years of unrestricted use of 2,4-D with negligible side effects is a profound enough to-xicity test. "They are blaming any 
kind of symptoms on Agent Orange," said Wiesensel. "Every-body's looking for a scapegoat/' Wiesensel stated that if 2,4-D was as toxic as the environ-mentalists claim, the crude appli-cation methods in effect over 30 
years ago would have resulted in far more tragedies. "We've had 30 years of these herbicides without that kind of damage," he said. "The chance of exposure has been so great for so many people. We used to use homemade equipment and it used to slosh over our backs." "There's just no such thing as a safe herbicide in 1980," he con-cluded, refering to the glut of 
regulatory overkill. The big users aren't unsym-pathetic to the concerns of the environmentalists, but they ques-tion the scientific basis of the proposed cutbacks. Palmer Maples, educational director of the Golf Course Superintendents As-
sociation of America, supports House of Representatives bill 7018 which calls for peer review of any threatened products. The bill demands a more con-trolled scientific review of al-legedly harmful products in order to prevent political recrimina-
tions. In much the same vein, the Environmental Protection Agency, reviewing the effects of 2,4-D on human populations in light of public fear, is requesting further information from man-ufacturers to determine the safety of the chemical. In April of last year, Barbara Blum, deputy administrator of the EPA, issued a statement asking all manufacturers of the weed killer to 
"commence studies to provide the 
missing evidence." EPA's review of 2,4-D studies showed that the evidence of ad-verse health effects weighs far more heavily against 2,4,5-T than against 2,4-D. "For one thing," Blum said, "there is no evidence at this time that 2,4-D contains any form of dioxin, the contaminant in 2,4,5-T associated with cancerous tumors 
and birth defects." At this point, she said, the agency, while taking no action restricting use of the chemical, will require the manufacturers of 2,4-D to provide additional infor-mation in the areas of tumor inducing and reproductive effects, and metabolism in animals. She said EPA also plans to conduct certain reproductive studies on 2,4-D in its own laboratories while awaiting the 
industry results. "Both legitimate and less legitimate claims will be made 
once the government takes a step toward limitation," said Mr. Wiesensel, in response to EPA's action. "There will certainly be more of a case against the Vete-ran's Administration, for in-stance." 2,4-D is currently used in over 1500 products registered with the EPA and more than 700 million pounds of the active ingredient are distributed annually. CAUTIOUS OPTIMISM from pageS with fly-by-night outfits during the spring," he said. He now hopes to defeat them through sound public relations. August also is piqued by high interest rates, but manages to side step the banks by lending his 
corporation his own private funds, repayable during the course of the year when business quickens. This 
reduces his business credit some-what, but he feels that it works out the best for him and his corpora-tion. The general consensus, there-fore, points to the fact that nothing 
helps business better or beats back the cost of overhead and lending than responsible consumer rela-tions and dependable service. Ray Morse, who runs Lawn Medic of 
Hintington in West Virginia, says: 
"I tell my customers that if they 
even hear of a chinchbug spotted in the neighborhood, to call me." "I run a completely guaranteed granular lawn care service. If a 
problem ever arises, I just have to go and fix it." Morse sees no problem with the national economic doldrums affecting his particular company. "I generally work for upper middle income people who aren't affected as much by hard times, and so my business will be relatively stable next year." Morse appears a picture of busi-ness confidence. Like most of those interviewed, he has a plucky 
sense of enterprise and a keen eye to his market. Generally, lawn care businessmen seem to be mobiliz-ing to full strength for the coming year. Despite looming economic uncertainty on the national front and some related local distress, the industry remains flush. Some are experimenting with new promotional and pricing ideas to excite the market. Some are holding steady, choosing to develop their existing accounts. All are optimistic for the coming 
year. While everyone indicates steady growth, the key to the future lies in Washington. If the nation's 
economic future brightens there with the coming of strong finan-cial management, and lawn care businessmen continue to cultivate their market to best advantage, the 
entire industry could ride an 
economic slipstream to guaran-teed success. The bottom i ne Donom I lit* UUUUIII I rc MUllUI 11 l/Vi IVI11 line, line, Łic in v u^ivi Ł iwi wuiigiaviM ŁŁ V/Udiui i ICI oandiduuui i. V/Usiumer oaiisracuon. Customer Satisfaction. Customer satisfaction. That really says it all. To keep your customers satisfied, their lawns must be thick, green and attractive. But that's not always easy. Wouldn't it be great if there were a product specifically designed to answer your needs? There is. Super Fairway Fertilizer from ProTurf®. It's a dry-applied granular fertilizer produced by Scotts® exclusive Polyform® process. Super Fairway Fertilizer spreads quickly and evenly to provide good distribution of nutrients. That means you 
can treat more lawns a day. And more lawns mean more profits. Plus, Super Fairway Fertilizer has a high nitrogen analysis that provides quick green-up and sustained feeding for up to 
eight weeks. Your customers see the results in a short time and get good-looking lawns that last for weeks and weeks. And, because of its high analysis, you'll have fewer bags to handle. Super Fairway Fertilizer has other benefit-related features. Using potassium sulfate as the potash source provides increased plant safety, so you'll get fewer call backs. Which leads to greater peace of mind. Also, because excess bulk and weight are removed, you can reduce storage space by one-third and lower labor costs with fewer bags to lift and spread. It all adds up: Improved results / More lawns treated per day / Fewer call backs / Greater peace of mind / Fewer bags to handle / Reduced storage needs / Lower 
labor costs. You owe it to yourself, and your customers, to try ProTurf Super Fairway Fertilizer and reach a new bottom line . . . more satisfied customers. Inquire about the other special ProTurf products, services and selling 
programs, specially geared to lawn care service needs. Your Tech Rep has all the information, so give him a call. Or call Scotts direct... toll free: 
800/543-0006 or call collect 
513/644-0011 in Ohio. © 1981. The O. M Scott & Sons Co.. Marysville. Ohio 43041. All rights reserved. ProTurf Short story of great beauty. This little bluegrass came to market from Sweden and became a best seller. Fylking Kentucky bluegrass forms a luxurious, low-growing, fine-textured thick turf. It establishes fast, develops a greater density of rhizomes and roots. Fylking is tough, with improved resistance to many diseases, and better tolerates drought, heat, cold, smog and foot traffic. Greens up early, stays green through summer and late into fall. Great as the backbone bargain for lawn turf seed mixes. Fylking performs well when cut low (even low as one-half inch). Fylking Kentucky bluegrass costs less than most other elite blues. In short, insist that this best seller be included in every lawn seed mix. Fylking Kentucky bluegrass. FYLKING KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS Ž Another fine, quality-controlled product of Jacklin Seed Company. Write 118 on reader service card Sabre is the new domestic variety of Poa trivialis which is a legendary performer in the shade. In actual use and on test plots it has proven itself superior in the shade to the fine fescues. And that's saying something. Sabre is also one of the prettiest turf grasses you've ever seen. Deep green, it is fine-bladed and its mowing qualities are truly superior. As a shade tolerant variety, it should be sown only in shady areas. It may be mixed with the fine fescues such as Highlight, Ensylva or Pennlawn, or bluegrasses such as Baron, A-34, Glade, Merit or Nugget, or used in a mixture which includes 20% turf-type perennial ryegrass such as Derby, Yorktown or Pennfine, or it may be sown alone. When mixed with other fine turf grasses in a winter overseeding mixture in the Southern U.S., it can dramatic-ally cut seeding rates. The addition of 20% Sabre (by weight) will cut the seeding rate of a fine fescue or ryegrass mixture by 50%. While its normal cutting height is W2 inches, it will pros-per at lesser heights including 3/16 on a putting green. Free of Poa annua, Sabre is also a disease-resistant turf grass. inTERnRTionnb SEEDS, inc. P.O. Box 168, Halsey, Oregon 97348 Telephone: (503) 369-2251 Ł TWX 510/590-0765 Steve Derrick (center) of Professional Turf Specialties, Inc., Normal, 111., handed over the keys to a new 1,250-gallon tank spray truck at the conclusion of the recent Professional Lawn Care Association of America Conference and Trade Show in Louisville. Dan Duncan (left) and Ed McKinzie bought the truck right off the floor. They are owners of Apex Pest Control and Lawn Care, Inc., Bradenton, Fla. WISCONSIN Reinders conference set for next month Reinders Brothers, Inc. will host its fifth annual turf conference, 
equipment show and service clinic March 18-19 at the Waukesha Expo Center in Wisconsin. Reinders sales manager Ed De-vinger said that this is the largest show of its kind held in Wiscon-sin. It has been held every other 
year since 1973. Attendance this 
year is expected to be about 1,600. Lawn care sessions will be held. 
For further information, contact: Ed Devinger, Reinders Brothers, Inc., 13400 Watertown Plank 
Road, Elm Grove, WI 53122, 414-786-3300. ASSOCIATION Irrigation seminar planned The Irrigation Association will hold its first two-week Landscape Irrigation Institute in cooperation with the University of California at Riverside, California from March 23 to April 3, 1981. The intensive two-week course, designed for personnel of man-ufacturing, distributing, con-tracting and consulting firms, will include 11 days of instruction and field trips. Registration information is available from the Irrigation As-sociation Headquarters at 13975 Connecticut Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20906; tele-phone: (301) 871-1200. CLCA Landscape show nears sell out The California Landscape Con-
tractors Association's 1981 Land-scape Industry Show is rapidly approaching the 'sold out' stage. As of December 1st, Robert Baier of the Plant Control Corporation in 
Irvine, California and show chair-man, reported that the show had reached the 80 percent mark. Scheduled for March 26-27, the 1981 show promises to be a com-prehensive one for the landscape 
industry. The committee hopes to have every aspect of the industry cov-
ered including the related services 
and products used in office man-agement. Stationary suppliers, of-fice furniture and equipment dis-
tributors, communication system experts, as well as public relations and financial consultants are being urged to exhibit in the 1981 show, according to Baier. This will be the second such show sponsored by the CLCA, 
featuring landscape suppliers 
from the industry and those who 
contribute to the ongoing opera-
tion of any business enterprise. For further information regard-ing the 1981 Landscape Industry Show, contact David Concannon at CLCA's office, 1419 21st Street, Sacramento, California 95814; 
phone number: (916) 448-2522. LEHR from page 8 appropriate corrective action has been taken." Though the EEOC guidelines appear to place the responsibility 
for sexual harassment on the employer, the EEOC is likely to 
still consider the surrounding 
circumstances leading to the sex-ual harassment when assessing the 
employer's liability. There are steps which an employer should 
consider implementing in order to minimize its potential liability for sexual harassment when commit-ted by management and non-management employees. 1. Include in the company per-sonnel manual a clear policy pro-hibiting sexual harassment in the 
workplace. 2. Explain the no harassment policy to supervisors, and include the implementation of this policy 
as part of their overall supervisory responsibilities. 3. Let all employees know that the individuals who are responsi-
ble for handling employee com-plaints will also assume the re-sponsibility for handling com-plaints of harassment at the work-place. 4. If a complaint of harassment is made, act promptly and investi-
gate thoroughly. If you have any employment or labor related questions, please write to Bob Earley, so Richard 
Lehr can discuss them in this 
column. 757 3rd Avenue, New York, NY 10017. For day-in( day-out dependability... Hire a Professional! Because there's no time for down-time in the world of professional grounds and turf care, dependable equip-ment is a necessity. That's why MTD makes Lawnflite Professionals to last through years of continuous hard use...with minimum time out for -r maintenance. Strength and durability are built into Lawnflite Pro-fessional mowers and tillers with 
heavy-duty compo-nents: handles that 
won't twist, throttles 
that don't bind, steel wheels with 
thick-wall tires, muscular industrial 
engines with Stellite exhaust valves and double-protection air 
cleaners. Performance and convenient operation are part of all Lawnflite Professionals by design. Chain reduction drive gives the tillers quick response and gets the most out of every horse-power. All tiller controls are within arms reach on or below the handles. Lawnflite Professional mowers are equipped with extra-large, 638 Model 111-638 22" Cut/Rear Discharge Rotary Mower LAWNFLITE Professionals 618 Model 111-618 20" Cut/Side Discharge Rotary Mower remote-mounted gas tanks and large-capacity grasscatchers that keep them mowing, with fewer stops for fill-ups and emptying. The mowers roll easily on big 8" wheels with heavy-duty sealed ball bearings, while exclu-sive 44Ultra-Lift" blade design gives a clean, even cut. Con-venient levers quickly adjust cutting height to any of five settings from %" to 3V2". The Professional Model 618 mower offers all these features, plus the combined strength and light weight of a cast aluminum alloy deck. Professional Model 638 provides a wide 22" cut, and its true rear-discharge design means extra maneuverability and close-trim mowing next to trees, fences, and other obstacles... on both sides of the mower! Behind every Lawnflite Professional are a full-year limited warranty and, even more importantly, the MTD heritage: 50 years of design and manufacturing excellence. 398 Model 211-398 5 HP/Chain Drive Rotary Tiller 418 Model 211-418 8 HP/Rear Tlne/Chaln Drive Rotary Tiller Write today for color brochure with full specifications MTD PRODUCTS INC P.O. Box 36900 Cleveland, Ohio 44136 " inside the industrY r-t ffi B E £ IZ) D a z i < CJ z 3 Should you be involved in structural pest control? All businessmen must develop the art of strategic investment in order to foster com-pany growth. Maximize goods and services, 
keep labor energetic, trim overhead and downtime costs: in short, keep your outfit 
lean and enterprising. Lawn care businessmen have many work-ing options open to them besides chemical 
and mowing and maintenance services. Some offer snow removal services during the off-season. Others are into turf establishment, 
seeding and ornamental care. A few even have garden store and display room outlets. 
All this in the name of providing a com-prehensive lawn care program for customers with multiple needs. One of the more controversial service options open to the industry is structural pest 
control. In many ways it seems a natural for the lawn care businessman. Routes and schedules have already been established, and much of the market has already been canvas-sed. Both industries confront similar technical problems: many outdoor pests are wayward relatives of the indoor invaders which could ostensibly be handled by a lawn care mainte-nance program. The large trucks and chemi-cal storage Yanks wou\d seem lobe adaptable for interior structural needs. The two indus-tries have roughly similar inventories. Chemical producers retail products for both industries. Seems like a natural, right? Well, maybe, maybe not. Lawn Care Indus-try asked a number of both pest control and lawn care companies their reaction. Some of %mm w^mBmBk HWWmm i wmSmMmm. wmm "The investment is already madesays Mike Krupnick, of Pest Doctors, Wailuku, Hawaii. "You already have your spray rigs and spray equipment. You make one stop, get two sales." the responses were pointed denials; others were cautiously approving. Too many, it was a question of the economics of the marketplace. How many services can one provide before you start spreading yourself too thin? In other words, 
is it cost effective to try to be all things to all 
customers. To others, it was a question of timing. In many parts of the country, the structural and lawn pest control seasons overlap. Would you be selling yourself short in your estab-lished business if you geared up for another sideline just when your season peaked? The reaction from industrial supply sources was honest and open-ended; it may be the best place to start. According to Forrest by Paul McCloskey, Assistant Editor St. Aubin, national accounts manager, spe-cialty products, for Mobay Chemical Corpo-
ration, "anything is possible." A number of years ago, he said, the National Pest Control Association decided to take a long, hard look at the 'greening of 
America'. They spent considerable dollars and effort trying to ascertain whether it 
would be feasible for the pest control industry to tap the enormous resources offered by the lawn care industry. The decision they reached was that it would not be wise due to the overall range and complexity of lawn care services. "In a 
vegetable garden, for instance," said St. Aubin, "you have more than one crop and its attendant different pests. Each has different growth cycles and require different chemi-cals. How do you propose to offer all these different services?" Another problem mentioned was the diffi-culty pest control companies would face 
when treating trees for disease. Given the 
equipment limitations, it would be difficult for the average pest control crew to cope with 
treating a 60 foot elm, for instance. "And if you enter a market and then start restricting particular services, you're going to leave a terrible void \hat could be served by neither," he said. He also pointed out the difficulty a pest control service would have coping with the routes and schedules maintained by lawn care companies. "We generally came to the 
conclusion that we could not cope as an industry with that degree of diversification," he said. On the other hand, he believes that while there is a built-in problem associated with structural pest control companies going into lawn care, he said there was no real under-
lying reason why the lawn care industry could not embark on a pest control program. "Lawn care requires heavy equipment. They already own basically the kind of equipment you use for termite work. Also both industries make use of entomologists. Very few pest control companies have fund-ing in agronomic or horticultural research." Looking at the problem from the point of view of the pest control industry, then, it would seem that the two industries are not very compatible. The idea itself seems to be a good one, but on closer examination, some believe the very nature of the two industries clash. "Not so," says Mike Krupnick, who started his own pest control business in Hawaii and now is expanding into lawn care. His pest control crews offer a granular fertilizer 
service on their normal routes. "When you 
have a pest control truck travel fifty miles for a routine cleanout, why not offer the cus-tomer the lawn care also?" he said. Krupnick believes it's a good tie-in in Hawaii where the lawn care season is year round, a feature that prevents peak seasons in the two industries to overlap. "The invest-ment is already made," he said. "You already have your spray rigs and spray equipment. You make one stop, get two sales." Krupnick stresses that there should be more communication between the two in-dustries. "A lot of guys don't even know the 
name of their local pest control companies. There must be a working relationship be-
tween the two because both industries face "I don't try to mix the two when selling a customer," says Tim Saunders of Mission Vie jo Pest Control in California. "It's diffi-cult enough to provide satisfac-
tion in regard to structural pest 
control needs without throwing 
in another variable." ŁŁMHflHHMHBMMHUnHWIM common government regulations, both are hit hard by environmentalists. We can wash each other's hands," he said. Hawaii seems to be a naturally agreeable environment for starting a unified structural and outdoor service, according to Krupnick. 
"Most people out here have an education in plant disease," he said. "You can walk into any restaurant, for instance, and find any number of qualified experts." Although quick to point out the advantages of diversifying, he isn't blind to the com-plexities of the different operations and their technical procedures. "It isn't only a matter of training," he said. "For one thing, per-sonalities are different. There's an entirely different psychological approach to the two services. One is very public relations oriented and the other's not." Krupnick stresses that the quality of your personnel comes into consideration when-ever you enter the inside of your customer's homes. "You're spraying inside people's 
homes and have to be very careful not to contaminate their water or food. Sanitation is 
the key." In order to provide the best training for his crews in both fields, he has them enroll in courses at the local community college. This 
has the effect of both technical training and 
generating a sense of job importance in the 
workers. While some see the opportunity for com-pany growth in structural work, Tim Saun-
ders, of Mission Viejo Pest Control in Laguna Hills, California, sees it more as a problem of 
company orientation. "I don't try to mix the two when selling a customer," he said. "It's difficult enough to provide satisfaction to regard to structural pest control needs with-out throwing in another variable." Saunders is circumspect when it comes to definining his market. "When you pay for a service, its value depends on the promises made to the customer. I basically ask myself what kind of business are we in. It's difficult enough to provide the right degree of service from the structural pest c ontrol point of view without raising expectations from the hor-ticultural point of view," he said. Saunders disagrees with those who think the combined operation is feasible not only from the point of view of consumer relations, 
but also from an operational standpoint. "It sounds like a natural," he said, "but you would be inviting disaster. If we interjected lawn care service for controlling aphids and white flies into our pest control business, we'd soon get run into the ground trying to be 
all things to all customers." Saunders' ideas of what exactly a lawn care or pest control business should be is one of the main considerations voiced throughout 
the industry. For many it becomes a question of what services a company can provide 
without draining their labor from their mainline interests. On the other hand, company size is a big factor in the decision making process. With enough resources, a company need not strain their existing services by overdevelopment. Chris Senske, of Senske Weed and Pest Control in Kennewick, Washington, is a case in point. He does both, but agrees that there are both psychological and professional reasons to be cautious about offering the two services simultaneously. "Pest control has become 
more and more professional and more ma-ture," he said. "Also, people who like to work outside don't appreciate inside work." Generally, however, he believes that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. As Chris Senske of Senske Weed and Pest Control in Kennewick, Wash. does both, but says there are both psychological and professional reasons to be cau-tious about offering the two services simultaneously. his pest control business volume increases, he finds that his overall volume expands geometrically. As to the problem with main-taining two different spraying schedules, he 
takes a positive approach. "Scheduling is always a problem," he said. "But one of the 
advantages is that you have one-time service calls. He also supports opening lines of communication between the two industries, maintaining that there would be "advantages to both" forthcoming. Another valuable source in any survey of the lawn care industry are the professional Norm Goldenberg is past presi-dent of the National Pest Control Association, and is now also involved in lawn care from his Tampa, Fla.-based company. He believes that with proper man-agement it can be done and thinks that the consumer will be better off with a more involved company handling both their 
indoor and outdoor problems. The year-round Tampa season provides more time for over-seeing a double service schedule. academics: turf specialists, entomologists, and agronomists. Lawn Care Industry con-
tacted Dr. Patricia Cobb, an entomologist at Auburn University, in Auburn, Alabama. Although specializing in problems as-sociated with structural pest control indus-try, she consulted with colleagues who were more familiar with the overall complexity of lawn care problems. Their common opinion was measured disapproval of over-development. "I don't feel very good about lawn care people going into structural pest control, she said, "unless they have such a large business they can 
afford two different staffs and don't get in 
over their heads." Nevertheless, she doesn't rule out the possibility of smaller scale development. 
"I'm not going to say it won't work, but you 
have to understand the two services. Struc-tural pest control is a highly specialized area and an entire field in itself. There's more direct relation to people and food, for instance. Also, the pests are just not the same and the regulations guarding the two indus-
tries are quite different." Dr. Cobb stresses caution to anyone trying to extend their services, particularly in the southeastern United States. "I feel that in the Southeast, lawn care is just beginning to take hold. There's so much potential for that business and more avenues for growth with-out getting into structural," she said. The academics are a naturally cautious group. They deal with a highly technical side 
of the industry and counsel extreme business discretion when dealing with interior pest 
problems. As the voice of research and development, they believe the industries are widely different with regard to chemicals, application techniques, and equipment. They aren't businessmen themselves, however, 
and defer to industrial spokesmen when it comes to any final judgment of business possibilities. Norm Goldenberg is past president of the National Pest Control Association and now runs a Tampa, Florida-based lawn care company in addition to his structural pest 
control work. He isn't squeamish when it comes to the industry's possibilities in the Southeast. His short assessment of the policy of a limited business is: "Tell the customer that." Goldenberg believes that with proper man-agement it can be done and thinks that the consumer will be better off with a more involved company handling both their in-door and outdoor problems. "How can you 
service customers and not be involved in the termite business?" he asked. Goldenberg's optimism stems from the scheduling freedom that the Florida climate 
affords. The Tampa lawn care season starts in January and continues through December, providing a lot more time for overseeing the 
complications of a double service schedule. A 
computer which regulates his accounts also provides some management help. Whether optimistic or negative on the virtues of getting involved in structural pest control, most businessmen interviewed counsel caution and slow development. Robert Barry of R. W. Collins, Inc., in Satellite Beach, Florida says, "There are no short cuts" affording the transfer of services. Maintain-ing that complete new job descriptions and 
retraining is necessary, Barry stresses that even though there are overlapping services in both industries, you must establish two separate divisions, with separate managers in 
control. "Otherwise," he said, "it's a tragic 
mistake." The varied reactions from around the industry indicate that it's not an easy propo-
sition to enter the allied field. But few feel that it's impossible. All emphasize that both industries are on their way to complicated 
and technical development and must be approached with the best professional and 
technical guidance. Some think its quite feasible in their particular locale where 
conditions favor a double service set-up, and schedules don't overlap too drastically. The consensus among those who have both operations is that separate branches must be 
managed. Whichever method is proposed all agree that utmost caution must be exercised. 
It may make the difference between "a natural" and "a tragic mistake." WEED CONTROL Getting good crabgrass control Without competition from crab-grass infestation, it is much easier to maintain a desired lawn for your customer. Then, with the aid of mowing, fertilizing and watering, the grass can survive, recover and perform to its genetic potential. According to Dr. William H. Daniel, turfgrass specialist at Pur-due University, selective pre- and post-emergent chemicals can also be used to prevent competition for space, moisture and nutrients, 
thus producing a better lawn. Dr. Daniel said that in the Mid-west, crabgrass usually germinates in early April until mid-July, when 
warm nights during rainy periods encourage seedling emergence. Initially, the grass grows slowly, 
so it may go unnoticed until late June when light green, wide-bladed leaves are being mowed. From June until killing frost, the vigorous growth of crabgrass pre-dominates. Many seeds are formed in the fall to assure a new spring infestation. Pre-emergents. A properly applied pre-emergent herbicide is toxic to crabgrass seed as it starts to germinate and to send out the first 
rootlet. Actually, some pre-emergent herbicides act on seed-lings developed to the three-leaf stage. The ideal pre-emergent her-bicide application includes: Ł A uniform application, av-oiding streaks, skips and overlaps. Ł Application at the surface, where the seed germinates. Ł Providing a toxic concentra-tion of the available fraction. Ł Application when the seed germinates, April through July in most parts of the Midwest. Dr. Daniel lists four major crab-grass herbicides, their trade names, and pounds of active in-gredient needed per 1,000 square feet. Benefin (Balan) needs .05 pounds of active ingredient per 1,000 square feet for control. Ben-sulide (Betasan) needs .3 pounds of active ingredient per 1,000 
square feet. DCPA (Dacthal) needs .3 pounds of active ingredient per 1,000 square feet. And siduron 
(Tupersan) needs .3 pounds of active ingredient per 1,000 square feet. Of these, Dr. Daniel says, bene-fin, bensulide and DCPA will prevent desired grass seed from surviving, so avoid concurrent 
overseeding. In contract, siduron is selective, and overseeding of lawns can be done according to 
label. "Many formulators combine fertilizers and preventors for con-
current application," he said. "For instance, lawn spray services often 
combine crabgrass preventors and fertilizers in the sameŠusually the firstŠapplication each spring. Some apply a touch-up in the next treatment for longer residual to-xicity/' Foxtail, sandburs, goosegrass, bamyardgrass, witchgrass, love-grass and most summer annual grasses may be prevented just like 
crabgrass. Therefore, these rec-ommendations are applicable for many turf conditions. Poa annua. Late summer use of herbicides before fall germination 
of Poa annua, annual bluegrass, may prevent seedling establish-ment in the fall, he said. However, 
siduron does not affect Poa annua germination. This grass may per-
sist for years in cool, moist, shady 
areas, and in some cases, may even 
be a desired turf. But for the most part, Poa annua infestations are a major problem. "Since good dense turf cover often shades and prevents new seedlings from surviving, mowing 
high and letting soil surfaces dry between irrigations will discour-age growth of unwanted grasses. Rainy periods in late spring favor leaf spot disease on good turf and 
also favor crabgrass infestation and survival," he said. Killing existing crabgrass. After crabgrass is evident as young plants Š about July 4 until Labor Day in the Midwest Š selective killing of crabgrass can release the desired turf for improved growth. Two applications, five to seven days apart, or organic arsonates 
can kill sandburs, crab, goose, witch and barnyard grasses, fox-tails, chickweeds, yellow sedge, johnsongrass and dallisgrass. However, it will not kill Poa annua, lovegrass, nimbleweed and some other weeds. Formulations of either dis-odium, amine or calcium acid methyl arsonates, applied when 
soil moisture favors growth, can selectively kill by accumulating in the plant sufficiently to stop metabolism and cause death. Plan for a second treatment when buy-ing your chemicals, Dr. Daniel 
said. Severe browning indicates excessive use, while yellowing by the third day indivates normal use. Since leaves must absorb the treatment, applying when mowing is needed allows better uptake and better control. It is practical to combine crab-grass killers (AMA) and weed killers (2,4-D) in one treatment, if desired. Mechanical thinning. After Au-gust 15, when crabgrass has de-veloped big clumps and begins to produce seed, vertical thinning Dr. William H. Daniel may help release the desired grass for earlier fall regrowth. Power 
rakes, vertical mowers and other 
equipment can do the job. These tools will cut off much of the crabgrass, thus removing the 
competition, and will loosen part 
of the accumulated thatch. Where overseeding is needed, spread the 
seed; then, go over the area again with a dethatcher. Finally, soak the area with water to get seed close to the soil, Dr. Daniel said. How to gel better turf next season WEED CONTROL Controlling summer weeds in lawns Some of the most difficult-to-control turfgrass weeds occur during the summer months. These weeds are easily controlled if the problem is recognized early and 
control measures are im-
plemented, according to turf ex-perts at the University of Mary-land. However, as most often is the case, the problem is not recog-nized until later in the summer. At this time the weed is more mature and therefore less-easily control-led. Also, environmental condi-tions are not conducive for good weed control and the risk of damage to desirable turf species is 
greater. The most commonly encoun-tered summer weed problems are crabgrass, goosegrass, carpet-weed, common purslane, spurge 
and prostrate knotweed. All of these weeds are summer annuals. Seeds of summer annuals germi-nate from early spring to early 
summer. The plants grow and mature during the summer and set 
seed providing for next year's crop. The plants are then killed by the fall frosts. Management. Good manage-ment will aid in control of these weeds. Any time a turf stand becomes thin or weak these weeds may invade the stand. Therefore, management practices that pro-
mote a dense, vigorous stand of turf will help to prevent the en-croachment of these weeds. The 
selection of adapted species and varieties for areas in the transition zone, for example, is the backbone of a good turf stand. Proper fertilization, especially the timing of nitrogen application, is also important in controlling these summer weeds. Summer fertilization of cool-season turf species may cause cool-season grasses to thin out. The additional fertilizer in the late spring or A single purslane plant may produce 100,000 to 240,000 seeds if allowed to reproduce over the entire season. It is important to control these plants before seed set. summer encourages the growth of summer weeds. Proper watering and mowing practices are also important in promoting a dense, vigorous turf throughout the summer. In addition, compaction caused by too much traffic causes turf stands to weaken and thin out. In highly compacted areas, desirable turfgrass can no longer compete and knotweed is usually the sole 
survivor in these areas. Post-emergent. The summer an-nual grassy weeds such as crab-grass and goosegrass are best-controlled before they germinate Diamond Shamrock has a quality line of TURF CAREŽ products that will help you solve nearly any turf problem effectively and economically. DACONIL 2787®. The fungicide that's the product of choice for turf and ornamentals. Spectrum of disease control is unmatched on fairways, 
greens, tees and a variety of orna-mentals Š many newly labeled. Avail-able in flowable and wettable powder formulations. DACTHAL® W-75. America's leading preemergence turf herbicide. 
Delivers effective control of more than 20 tough annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in turf and ornamentals. In wet-table powder and granules. DACAMINE® 4D. For postemer-gence control of over 70 hard-to-get broadleaf weeds, you just can't beat Dacamine 4D. Kills the roots so tough perennials will not return. DACONATE® 6. Proven post-emergence protection against tough weeds like nutsedge, chickweed, wood sorrel and a variety of grassy weeds. Daconate 6 is a liquid, ready-to-use herbicide with a built-in sur-
factant for uniform wetting. MCPP + 2,4-D AMINE. Phenoxy acid formulation for use on turf. Espe-cially useful on golf course fairways. Delivers effective control of many weeds including dandelions, plantain, chickweed and clover. MCPP-K-4. Formulated for use on lawns and golf courses. MCPP-K-4 is effective on hard-to-control weeds like clover, chickweed, plantain and many more. Always follow label directions carefully when using turf chemicals AMINE 4D. Selective herbicide recommended for control of many 
broadleaf weeds, including dande-lions, morning glory, plantain. For lawns, golf courses, parks. So start planning now to get a head start on next season's turf prob-
lems. Your Diamond Shamrock dis-tributor can help you plan your full 
season program today. 6h Diamond Shamrock AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS DIVISION 1100 Superior Avenue Cleveland. Ohio 44114 ŁV fi ' Ł 11 IKfS f . IB A , ill « jr* ^Łmmm** with pre-emergent herbicides. However, where pre-emergent herbicides are not applied or when 
application is made too late, a post-emergent organic arsenical herbicide can be used to control these weeds. Examples of these herbicides are AMA, DSMA or DMA, MAMA, MSMA and calcium acid meth-anearsonate. They are marketed 
under many trade names. These herbicides are best-used when the crabgrass or goosegrass 
is still very young, in the three- to four-leaf stage. At this time the plant is actively growing and uptake and translocation of the herbicide will be rapid. The soil 
should be moist before treatment is made and it may be necessary to repeat applications to achieve the desired control. The common summer annual broadleaf weeds, carpetweed, purslane, spurge and knotweed should also be controlled when very young. In fact, many of the pre-emergent crabgrass herbicides should at least have some activity against these weeds. However, they are usually applied too late to control the early germinating knotweed or their residual activity does not last long enough to control late germinating carpet-weed, purslane and spurges. These weeds are susceptible to a broader spectrum of herbicides while still young. Also, the 
environmental conditions are more conducive to good control and less damage to desirable turf when these herbicides are applied in the late spring and early sum-mer. All of these weeds begin to flower in mid- to late-June in Maryland and nearby areas, and seed set follows shortly. Studies 
have shown that a single purslane 
plant may produce 100,000 to 240,000 seeds per plant if allowed to reproduce over the entire sea-son. Therefore, it is important to 
control these plants before seed set. Carpetweed is susceptible to 2,4-D while young knotweed, purslane and spurges are moder-ately susceptible to 2,4-D. These 
weeds show intermediate suscep-tibility or resistance to MCPP. All of these weeds are susceptible to dicamba, especially at the rate of .5 pounds active ingredient per acre. However, dicamba is a very soil-mobile herbicide and at this rate, damage or kill may result if the dicamba is picked up by roots of trees or shrubs. In addition, at this rate dicamba may cause discoloration of desira-ble turfgrasses if they are under 
heat and/or drought stress. Lower 
rates of dicamba will lessen these 
effects but weed control may also be decreased, especially on more mature weeds. Combinations of herbicides, such as 2,4-D plus 
MCPP plus dicamba will also 
provide good control, provided these summer annual weeds are treated while still young. HERBICIDES Fall control of broadleaf weeds What's the best time of the year to crack down on broadleaf weeds? According to Noell K. Rogers, extension specialist, weed control, at Virginia Tech, the leafy pests are most vulnerable in the fall. This is the time of year when many broadleaf weeds are in the seedling stage and are more sus-ceptible to postemergence appli-
cations of herbicides. Further-more, according to Mr. Rogers, many of the cool-season broadleaf weeds are either perennials or biennials and are more easily controlled in the rosette stage of 
growth. The most common herbicides used for broadleaf weed control (2,4-D, MCPP, dicamba) have been around for quite some time. How-
ever, silvex, one of the most effec-tive herbicides formerly used for selective postemergence control of broadleaf weeds, was suspended from use in February, 1979 and is no longer available. Dicamba provides selective control for a greater number of broadleaf weeds than any other single herbicide because of its foliar as well as soil activity. But 
because of its mobility it cannot be applied safely near shallow-rooted 
trees or shrubs. Conversely, 2,4-D is not likely to be absorbed through the roots, but it alone cannot control as many 
weed species as does dicamba. MCPP is another herbicide commonly used for broadleaf weed control in turf. Some weeds which are resistant to 2,4-D such as hop and white clover, oxalis and red sorrel may be controlled with 
it. Therefore, a combination of MCPP and 2,4-D would control a broader range of weeds than when either herbicide is applied alone. Recently, researchers have been evaluating 2,4-DP as a possible 
replacement for silvex, and initial results have indicated that a com-bination of 2,4-D and 2,4-DP may be effective for controlling dan-delion, white clover, mouseear chickweed, red sorrel and wood sorrel. However, turf research person-nel are continuing to evaluate 2,4-D and 2,4-DP combinations to 
determine the susceptibility of other problem broadleaf weeds in 
turf. There are several other com-mercial herbicide formulations which may include various com-binations of two or three active ingredients designed for more ef-fective broadleaf weed control. Another major area of interest concerns the application of broadleaf weed killers in newly-seeded turf. Although well estab-
lished grasses generally have ex-cellent tolerance to broadleaf her-bicide, the margin of selectivity between broadleaf weeds and seedling grasses is very narrow for the growth-regulator herbicides. The rule of thumb has been to delay postemergence applications until the newly-seeded grass has 
sufficient growth to have been mowed at least twice. However, a new approach is possible with bromoxynil, a respi-ratory and photosynthetic in-
hibitor, which can be applied to newly-emerged grass seedlings to 
control young broadleaf weeds. For best results, bromoxynil 
should be applied before broadleaf weed seedlings are past the three-leaf stage. For rosette-forming weeds, the rosettes should be less than one and one-half inches across. Bromoxynil is labeled for use on several fescues, bluegrasses, and bentgrasses, but as always, the label should be read for specific tolerant varieties and precautions concerning applications should be 
followed to prevent injury to the turf. Application techniques are re-latively important when consid-
ering postemergence applications 
of herbicides. Applying the proper 
amount of active ingredient per 
unit area is the primary concern, so proper calibration of the spray equipment is of utmost impor-
tance. Since the growth-regulator type herbicides are readily translocated throughout the plant, it is not imperative to hit every leaf of the weed. Nevertheless, the total vol-ume should be kept low enough to prevent the spray solution from dripping off the foliage. Generally, an output of 30 to 60 gallons is adequate for good coverage while minimizing drift problems. There is considerable in differ-ence in the susceptibility of differ-ent weeds to the various broadleaf 
herbicides. Therefore, proper identification of the problem weed 
is necessary before the herbicide program can be selected. Many of the weeds which grow rapidly and 
flower in the spring actually be-come established in the fall as seedlings or rosettes and are more 
susceptible in the early stages of growth. Unfortunately, weeds in the seedling or rosette stage are much more difficult to identify than flowering specimens. That is why it is important to identify as many weeds as possible while they are flowering and to keep records to indicate which weeds should be treated in the fall. At groundbreaking ceremonies for the Toro Center, Leonard L. Johnson (right), president of L.L. Johnson Dis-tributing Co., Denver, plants a Col-orado blue spruce with help from John J. Cantu, Toro president, to celebrate the start of construction of a $30 
million building complex that will become corporate headquarters for Toro in the Minneapolis suburb of Minnetonka. TRIMEC UMALHii VEGEMEC GORDONS V^Outstanding products VProgressive distributors VTechnical assistance ?0*OON5 n aonooN °0«00/V s 00*00* CORDON 5 JJ GORDON5 2 GORDON 5 g CORDON BENTGRASS FORMULA MEETING DATES Second Annual Agri-Turf Irrigation Ex-position and Technical Conference, Hotel Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, Feb. 15-18. Contact: The Irrigation Association, 13975 
Connecticut Ave., Silver Spring, MD 20906, 301-871-1200. Lawn Care Service Applicators Clinic, 
Chicago Botanical Gardens, Feb. 24-25. 
Contact: Thomas W. Fermanian, Illinois 
Turfgrass Foundation, P.O. Box 501, Ur-bana, IL 61801, 217-333-7848. Midwest Regional Turf Conference, West Lafayette, Ind., March 2-4. Contact: Dr. William Daniel, Dept. of Agronomy, 2-443 Lilly Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, 317-749-2891. Pennsylvania Turf Conference and Show, Hershey, Pa., March 2-5. Contact: Christine King, 412 Blanchard St., Bellefonte, PA 16823, 814-355-8010. Massachusetts Turfgrass Conference and Show, Springfield, Mass., March 3-5. Con-tact: Dr. Joseph Troll, Stockbridge Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, 413-545-2353. Northeastern Pennsylvania Turf and Grounds Maintenance School, Wilkes-Barre, Pa., March 10-11. Contact: Christine King, 412 Blanchard St., Bellefonte, PA 16823, 814-355-8010. Reinders Fifth Annual Turf Conference, 
Waukesha Expo Center, Waukesha, Wis., March 18-19. Contact: Ed Devinger, Rein-
ders Brothers, Inc., 13400 Watertown Plank 
Rd., Elm Grove, WI 53122, 414-786-3300. Landscape Irrigation Institute, University of California at Riverside, March 23-April 3. Contact: Angela Ditchey, The Irrigation Association, 13975 Connecticut Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20906, 301-871-1200. Turf and Landscape Institute, Anaheim, Calif., April 14-15. Contact: Ed McNeill, Southern California Turfgrass Council, 1000 Concha St., Altadena, CA 91001, 213-798-1715. Arizona Turfgrass Conference, Phoenix, May 7-8. Contact: Dr. William Kneebone, 
Plant Sciences Dept., Building #36, 
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721. University of Massachusetts Turfgrass Field Day, South Deerfield, June 24. Con-tact: Dr. Joseph Troll, Stockbridge Hall, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, 413-545-2353. American Seed Trade Association Annual Meeting, Atlanta, June 28-July 2. Contact: ASTA, Executive Building, Suite 964,1030 15th St., N.W., Washington, DC 20005. American Sod Producers Association Summer Conference and Field Days, Her-shey, Pa., July 15-17. Contact: Bob Garey, ASPA, Association Building, Ninth & Min-nesota, Hastings, NE 68901, 402-463-5691. University of Nebraska Turf Field Day and Equipment Show, Mead, August 4. Contact: Dr. Robert Shearman, University of Neb-raska, 377 Plant Science Building, Lincoln, NE 68503, 402-472-1143. Central Plains Turf Foundation/Kansas State University Turf Field Day, Manhat-tan, August 12. Contact: Dr. Robert Carrow, Kansas State University, Dept. of Horticul-ture, Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, 913-532-6170. University of Rhode Island Turfgrass Field Day, Kingston, August 26. Contact: Dr. C. 
Richard Skogley, Agronomy Dept., Univer-sity of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881. Virginia Tech Turfgrass Field Days, Blaclcsburg, Sept. 15-17. Contact: Dr. Jonn R. Hall, 421 Smyth Hall, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, 703-961-5797. Your Gordon Distributor: a Veritable Pro Shop for the Professional Turf Manager His shop has all the fundamen-tals of turf management: superior products, keen technical skills -even on-site consultation when you need it. Each Gordon product is formu-lated for a specific purpose - from weed and disease control to soil improvement and much more. Every product has been thoroughly field tested and proved effective. Continuous training keeps your Gordon Distributor abreast of new developments and management procedures. And his direct line to Gordon's Technical Service Depart-ment gives him immediate back-up for coping with unusually knotty problems. He wants to help you; it's his business. The Pro Shop door is open. Walk in or call, anytime. Either way, you'll be putting your turf problems in touch with solutions. ALABAMA Birmingham Ł Norala Company Ł Tieco. Inc. Gadsden Ł Markers of Clubview Montgomery Ł CASSCO Ł Tieco. Inc. ALASKA Palmer Ł Alamasu. Inc. ARIZONA Phoenix Ł Arizona Agrochemical Company Ł Capital Nursery Supply 
Ł Valley Garden Supply Tucson Ł A C R E.. Inc. Ł Copper State Chemical Company ARKANSAS Alexander Ł Capitol Equipment Co North Little Rock Ł Turf Aid. Inc Searcy Ł Affilliated Growers & Retailers of Agriculture. Inc. CALIFORNIA Anaheim Ł Robinson Fertilizer Co Bakersfield Ł Abate-A-Weed & Insect Control Cerritos Ł Target Chemical Company 
Chula Vista Ł Wilbur-Ellis Company 
Coachella Ł Foster-Gardner. Inc Gilroy Ł El Camino Supply Company Manteca Ł L & A Enterprises Oxnard Ł Coastal Division Sacramento Ł Orchard Supply Co. San Diego Ł Butler's Mill. Inc. San Gabriel Ł J Harold Mitchell Co San Jose Ł Moyer Chemical Company Ł Northern California Fertilizer Co Ł Plant Gro Corporation Ł Target Chemical Company 
San Leandro Ł Custom Chemilene Santa Ana Ł Moyer Chemical Co 
Santa Barbara Ł Agri Turf Supplies. Inc. Santa Rosa Ł Purity Chemical Products Co 
South El Monte Ł Chemilene Co 
South Gate Ł Los Angeles Chemical Company COLORADO Colorado Springs Ł Gorby. Inc Henderson Ł American Fertilizer Co. Westminister Ł S A J Turf Products CONNECTICUT Devon Ł Somers Turf Supplies East Haven Ł East Haven Wholesale Landscape Supply Greenwich Ł Emanuel Shemin Horticulturist Hazzardville Ł Old Fox Chemical. Inc 
Wethersfield Ł Chas. Hart Seed Co FLORIDA Homestead Ł Atlantic Fertilizer & Chemical Jacksonville Ł Bingham Seed Co Pensacola Ł Gulf Shore Turf Supply. Inc. Ł Tieco Gulf Coast. Inc Princeton Ł Woodbury Chemical Co Sanlord Ł Sunniland Corporation Ł Southern Chemical Company Winterhaven Ł Estech General Chemical Corp. GEORGIA Alpharetta Ł Regal Chemical Co College Park Ł Stephenson Chemical Company Conyers Ł Lawn & Turf. Inc. Doraville Ł Georgia Golf & Garden Supply Fort Valley Ł Woolfolk Chemical Works. Inc Swainsboro Ł GA AG Chemical. Inc. HAWAII Hilo Ł Occidental Chemical Company » Occidental Chemical Company Ł Trade West. Inc Kahului Ł Occidental Chemical Co Lihie Kauai Ł Occidental Chemical Company IDAHO Caldwell Ł Good Day Distributors. Inc Ł Steve Regan Company ILLINOIS Barrington Ł Olsen Distributing Co Chicago Ł George A Davis. Inc Crystal Lake Ł Country Gas Company Danville Ł Bi-State Turf Decatur Ł Drake-Scruggs Equipment. Inc. Geneseo Ł C D Ford & Sons Morion Grove Ł V-G Supply Company 
Normal Ł Professional Turf Specialty Peoria Ł Behm & Hagemann. Inc 
Rockton Ł Turf Management Supply South Holland Ł Paarlberg Chemical 
West Chicago Ł Turf Products Ltd Wheeling Ł Arthur Clesen. Inc 
Evanston Ł Permalawn. Inc. INDIANA Ft. Wayne Ł Turf Specialties Indianapolis Ł Cory Orchard Supply Ł Desco Chemical Company Ł Indiana Turf Nappanee Ł Desco Chemical. Inc. New Albany Ł W R. Grace & Co. IOWA Davenport Ł Big Bear Turf Equipment Ł Tri State Toro Elkader Ł Meyer Equipment Co. Iowa City Ł Little Wheels. Inc. 
Sioux City Ł W R Anderson Distributing Co. 
Waterloo Ł Fosters. Inc. Waukee Ł Baer Ag Supply 
W. Burlington Ł Brayton Chemical. Inc. W. Des Moines Ł Big Bear Turf Co Ł Rest Haven Turf Service KANSAS Garden City Ł Pueblo Chemical Co. Kansas City Ł Century Laboratories. Inc. 
Ł Rhodes Chemical Company Salina Ł Landsco Corporation 
Wichita 
Ł Bartels & Shores Chemical Co Ł Champion Turf Equipment. Inc. 
Ł Robert Wise Company KENTUCKY Florence Ł George W Hill Company Lexington Ł Kentucky Garden Supply Louisville Ł Ky-lnna Turf Supply Company Ł Tieco LOUISIANA Covington Ł Tammany Turf & Supply. Inc. New Orleans Ł Southern Specialty Sales Co.. Inc Plain Dealing Ł Wyche's Golf Course Specialties MAINE South Portland Ł Yerxa's Inc. MARYLAND Baltimore Ł Pro-Lawn Products. Inc Linthicum Heights Ł Cornell Chemical & Equipment 
Landover Ł Loft Seed Company Ł Vaughan Seed Company MASSACHUSETTS Arlington Ł Lofts/New England Boston Ł Pro-Lawn Products. Inc. 
Burlington Ł Tom Irwin. Inc Natick Ł Richey & Clapper. Inc. Newton Center Ł Grounds Equipment Co W. Newton Ł The Clapper Company 
W. Wareham Ł R F Morse & Son. Inc. MICHIGAN Birmingham Ł W F Miller Company Detroit Ł Terminal Sales Corporation Ł Turf Supplies. Inc 
Grand Rapids Ł Mollema & Son. Inc. 
Ł Parmenter & Andre 
Royal Oak Ł Lawn Equipment Co 
Saginaw Ł Burdick s Seed House Utici Ł Utica Distributors MINNESOTA Eagan Ł Tessman Seed & Chemical Minneapolis Ł Minnesota Toro. Inc SL Paul Ł R. L. Gould & Company Ł Turf Supply Company Savage Ł the Castle Chemical Co. MISSISSIPPI Jackson Ł South Central Turf Equip & Supply Ł Specialty Oil Company. Inc. Madison Ł MFC Services MISSOURI Chesterfield Ł Beckman Turf & Irrigation Grandview Ł Landsco Corporation 
Ł Robisons Lawn & Golf Course Supply Kansas City Ł Bartels & Shores Chemical Co » Champion Turf Equipment 
» Pest Control Supply 
» Standard Seed Company » Colony Chemical » Outdoor Equipment Company Springfield Ł Champion Turf Equipment. Inc. SL Louis Ł Crown Chemical Co MONTANA Billings Ł Turf Aid Distributing Co Helena Ł Mr Turf NEBRASKA Kearney Ł Centra Chemical Services Morrill Ł Jirdon Agri Chemical. Inc. McCook Ł Cornbelt Chemicals Omaha Ł Big Bear Equipment. Inc Ł Eagle Green Corporation Ł Midwest Toro NEVADA Las Vegas 
Ł Clark Co Wholesale Merc Co. North Las Vegas Ł Las Vegas Fertilizer Co.. Inc NEW HAMPSHIRE Hooksett Ł Turf Specialty. Inc. NEW JERSEY Boundbrook Ł Loft Seed Company Ł Vaughan Seed Company Cranbury Ł Chamberlin & Barclay. Inc Clifton Ł The Terre Company Dayton Ł Lebanon Chemical Corp Freehold Ł Green Hills Turf Supply Maplewood Ł Pierson Mill Company Mountainside Ł Andrew Wilson. Inc Paramus Ł Pro-Lawn Products. Inc 
Rahway Ł Fertl-Soil Company 
Riverside Ł Meskers. Inc West Caldwell 
Ł Rockland Chemical Company Westfield Ł Storr Tractor Company 
Yardville Ł Jep Sales Company Hillsdale Ł A J R. Industries NEW MEXICO Albuquerque Ł Albuquerque Chemical Co.. Inc. Mesquite Ł Agricultural Products Co Roswell Ł Roswell Seed Co . Inc. NEW YORK Bergen Ł Lawn Medic Cambridge Ł Lofts/New York Farmingdale Ł Wagner Seed Co . Inc Hamburg Ł Eaton Equipment Co Hauppauge Ł Maxwell Turf, Inc Hawthorne Ł Metro Milorganite Jamaica Ł J & L Adikes. Inc Ł All Best. Inc Ł Nick Knott Turf Equipment Ł South Central Vet Supply Ł Thompson-Hayward Chemical Co. Ł Wait Mfg & Sales Company OREGON Portland Ł The Chas H. Lilly Company Ł Van Waters & Rogers Ł Wilbur-Ellis Company PENNSYLVANIA Ooylestown Ł Philadelphia Toro Forty Fort Ł Penn State Seed Co Hanover Ł Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Corp Horsham Ł Pocono Turf Supply Co Harieysville Ł Geiger Corporation Lebanon Ł Lebanon Chemical Co. Malvern Ł Fisher & Sons Co . Inc Manheim Ł Pro-Lawn Products. Inc Philadelphia Ł Farm & Golf Supply Co , Inc Ł Pro-Lawn Products. Inc Phoenixville Ł Lawn & Golf Supply Ł Grassland Irrigation & Equipment Portchester Ł Westchester Turf Supply Co Rexlord Ł S. V Moffett. Inc. 
Syracuse Ł Eaton Golf & Tractor Ł Pro-Lawn Products. Inc South Hampton Ł James H Lynch. Inc. 
West Henrietta Ł S V Moffett. Inc NORTH CAROLINA Charlotte Ł E. J Smith & Sons Ł Forshaw Chemicals Ł Seedmen. Inc. Fayetteville Ł Eastern Turf Goldsboro Ł Jeffreys Seed Company Shelby Ł Porter Brothers. Inc. Winston Salem Ł Goltra. Inc NORTH DAKOTA Fargo Ł Tessman Chemical Northwest 
Ł Minnesota Toro OHIO Canton Ł Letherman Seed Company Cleveland Ł Larry's Garden Center 
Ł U S Garden Sales. Inc. Cincinnati Ł Century Toro Dist.. Inc. 
Ł Thornton-Wilson. Inc. 
Elyria Ł Lakeshore Equipment & Supply Co 
Findlay Ł Desco Chemical Company Macedonia Ł Krigger & Co.. Inc 
Mantua Ł John R. Skinner Company Maumee Ł The Anderson's Piqua Ł Midwest Burlap & Growers Supply Solon Ł Sidney L Dryfoos Company 
Tiffin Ł Earl J Crane. Inc Toledo Ł Century Toro Dist OKLAHOMA McAlester Ł Tony's Chemical House Oklahoma City Ł Paul Blakney Company Ł Estes Chemicals. Inc Ł T-E Agri Supply. Inc. Tulsa Ł E H Griffith. Inc Ł Krigger & Company 
Ł Pro-Lawn Products. Inc. Reading Ł Reading Bone Fertilizer Wycombe Ł Histand Supply RHODE ISLAND E. Providence Ł Old Fox Chemical. Inc. SOUTH CAROLINA Inman Ł Woolfolk Chemical Works. Inc. Orangeburg Ł Ramar Laboratories. Inc. SOUTH DAKOTA Sioux Falls Ł Dakota Turf TENNESSEE Memphis Ł The January Company Ł Turf Aid. Inc Nashville Ł Central South Turf Dist. Ł Ernest Hardison Seed Co.. Inc Ł Tieco. Inc. TEXAS Amarillo Ł T-E Agri Supply Dallas 
Ł Agricultural Chemicals of Dallas Ł Chemical & Turf Specialty Co Ł Nortex Wholesale Nursery 
Ł Van Waters & Rogers Ł Watson's Distributing Company El Paso Ł El Paso Turf Supply Houston Ł Watson's Distributing Co Katy Ł Sigma Chemicals 
Waco Ł Estes Chemicals. Inc 
Wichita Falls Ł Estes Chemicals. Inc. UTAH Salt Lake City 
Ł Morgro Chemical Company Ł Steve Regan Company VIRGINIA Chesapeake Ł Turf & Garden Division Harrisonburg Ł Wetsel Seed Co Richmond Ł Wilson Feed Co.. Inc. Roanoke Ł Agri Turf Products Co.. Inc. Ł Miller Chemical & Fertilizer Co WASHINGTON Renton Ł Pacific Agro Company 
Seattle Ł The Chas. H. Lilly Company Ł Western Farmers Association 
Ł Wilbur-Ellis Company Tacoma Ł NuLife Fertilizers WASHINGTON, D.C. Ł Leas Green Meadow. Inc. WEST VIRGINIA Charleston Ł Youngs. Inc WISCONSIN Chilton Ł Horst Distributing Co Elm Grove Ł Reinder Bros Turf Equipment Janesville Ł Wisconsin Turf Milwaukee Ł Loft Kellogg Seed Co. Sun Prairie Ł Turf Management Supply PROFESSIONAL TURF PRODUCTS ptal / Gondon "corporation 300 SOUTH THIRD STREET PO BOX 2276 KANSAS CITV KANSAS 66HO 91 3 342 8780 National Lawn and Garden Distributors Association Annual Conference, Opryland Hotel, Nashville, Tenn., Sept. 15-18. Con-tact: Nancy S. Irving, NLGDA, 1900 Arch St., Philadelphia, PA 19103, 215-564-3484. Central Plains Turf Foundation/Kansas State University Turf Conference, Manhat-tan, Oct. 6-8. Contact: Dr. Robert Carrow, Kansas State University, Dept. of Horticul-ture, Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, 913-532-6170. Florida Turf-Grass Association Confer-ence and Show, Orlando, Oct. 18-21. Contact: Nona Murphy, Florida Turf-Grass Association, 1520 Edgewater Dr., Suite E, 
Orlando, FL 32804, 305-425-1581. Professional Grounds Management Soci-ety Annual Meeting, Portland, Ore., Nov. 1-5. Contact: Allan Shulder, PGMS, 19 Hawthorne Ave., Pikesville, MD 21208, 301-653-2742. National Institute on Park and Grounds Management, Kansas City, Mo., Nov. 1-6. Contact: National Institute, Box 1936, Ap-pleton, WI 54913, 414-733-2301. New York Turfgrass Conference and Trade Show, Empire State Plaza, Albany, N.Y., Nov. 16-19. Contact: Ann Reilly, 210 Cartwright Blvd., Massapequa Park, NY 11762, 516-541-6902. Professional Lawn Care Association of America Conference and Trade Show, Commonwealth Convention Center, Louis-ville, Ky., Nov. 18-20. Contact: Jane Stecker, PLC A A, Suite 1717, 435 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, 312-644-0828. Ohio Turfgrass Conference and Show, Columbus Hyatt House, Dec. 1-3. Contact: Dr. John Street, 1827 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, 614-422-2592. Texas Turfgrass Conference, College Sta-tion, Texas, Dec. 7-9. Contact: Dr. Richard L. Duble, 349 Soil & Crop Science Center, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843, 713-845-4826. CONFERENCE Parks and grounds managers convene The National Institute on Park and Grounds Management will hold its Eleventh Annual Educational Conference November 1-6,1981 in Kansas City, Missouri. Combined with the Institute for the fourth consecutive year will be the con-current National Turf Manage-ment Conference with its em-phasis on non-golf turf. The headquarters hotel will be the Radisson Muehlebach, in the downtown heart of the city. Due to their numbers, the exhibits will be housed in the adjacent Convention Center, with meetings scheduled in the Center during exhibition 
hours. A management tool that many professionals use to keep up with their constantly changing fields, 
the conference attracts hundreds of professionals in charge of public parks and college campuses, both public and private. The National Institute is an active organization in the grounds management field and now boasts 
over 600 members in its combined park, campus and private grounds 
manager roster. The conference, however, is open to all profession-
als in the park, campus and large grounds management area. The Kansas City Park Depart-ment will be the conference host 
and provide a tour of selected 
facilities. The central location of Kansas City as a meeting site for 1981 will help to keep travel costs low as the professionals meet to 
gather significant information in the ever-expanding grounds man-agement field. For more information and future mailings, contact: National Insti-tute, P.O. Box 1936, Appleton, Wisconsin 54913, phone number: (414) 733-2301. CQ W NEWSMAKERS > OS F CO D Q g g < u z £ Michael B. Morey has joined Weather-matic Div. of Telsco In-dustries, Dallas, Texas, as an irri-gation systems designer and training instructor, it was an-nounced by Richard B. Choate, director of training and chief de-
sign consultant. Hagman Hagman has been named market development supervisor for turf-related prod-ucts in 3M Co's Agricultural Prod-ucts Project. 3M is based out of St. Paul, Minn. According to M. G. Shaver, marketing development 
manager, Hagman will be respon-
sible for coordinating laboratory, 
field development and regulatory affairs, and for marketing com-
munications and manufacturing activities. He previously helped develop 3M's Embark plant growth regulator in foreign mar-kets, and will be responsible for marketing activities in the U.S. Leighton D. Weddle has been named office manager and com-ptroller of International Seeds, Inc., Halsey, Oregon, according to president }. L. Carnes. Weddle 
replaces Martin V. Koontz. Earl D. James is owner of Utah Spraying Service, Sandy, Utah. James R. Stevens is president of Nitro-Feed Corp., Utica, Mich. Maria E. Marcotte is company 
manager. The company offers both liquid and granular chemical lawn application. Jeffrey Gardner is president of Mister Lawn Care, Grand Island, N.Y. The company offers liquid chemical care. Gardner Dolce Daniel Diliberto is president of L & M Lawncare Lake County, Eastlake, Ohio. Robert Pulver is vice president and John Dolce is general sales manager. C. Richard Bryce and Wayne H. King are partners in Lawn Salon, McKeesport, Pa. The company offers chemical lawn care services. with Banvel as & Banvel+2,4D HERBICIDES The broadleaf weed 'specialists' designed for professional turf programs. Here's why BANVEL® herbicides are the professionals' choice for weed control: Ł Used as directed Banvel will not harm trees, ornamentals or turfŠit just eliminates weeds. Ł No season restrictions. Lay down Banvel from early spring to late fallŠall through the growing season. Ł Rain will not affect Banvel. It keeps on working because it translocatesŠpenetrates leaves and is absorbed through roots to attack every part of the weed. Ł No special spraying equipment necessary. It is easy to clean out of equipment after use. Ł Mixes readily with hard or soft water. Ł Easily stored through winter months without losing potency. Banvel herbicidesŠproducts for professional turf men fe^ oVelsicol VELSICOL CHEMICAL CORPORATION 341 East Ohio Street Chicago, Illinois 60611 ©Velsicol Chemical Corporation, 1976 Hahn SPRAY-PRO 15-ft. 3-section folding boom for 16^ ft. coverage. Spray fungicide, herbicide, insecticide, liquid fertilizer. 160 gal. polytank, jet agitation, centrifugal pump. High flotation tires and 4-wheel design protects turf. Only half the PSI of other utility trucks 
and sprayers. Optional SPREADER, UTILITY BED, HAND GUN Accurately spreads 1000 lbs. sand over 3000 sq. ft. in two minutes. Spreads fertilizer, seed, lime 20 to 45 ft. swath. Some Dealerships available. Telephone (812) 428-2025. Building self-propelled sprayers for 33 years. Hahn AG/TURF DIVISION 1625 N. Garvin St. Evansville, IN 47711 Write 113 on reader service card Also available: REVEILLE GYPSUM PELLETS Ifs pelletized! REVEILLE'S easy-to-apply pellet form lets you spread it with any type spreader. No dust. No mess. Easily controlled application rates. Goes to work immediately to neutralize soil acidity. Conditions it with essential calcium. Helps restore and maintain correct pH for ideal soil balance. Ifs the best investment you can make in your soil. New for 1981 - ARTIST0NE decorative landscaping pebbles from Ampel. American Pelletizing Corp Ł P O Box 3628 * Pes Moines. Iowa Write 102 on reader service card Ampel. >50322 | Nick Dennis is owner of Pro Lawn Plus, Jacksonville, Fla. The company offers both liquid and granular chemical lawn applica-tion. D. C. Oefinger is president of Texas Green Turf, San Antonio, Texas. The company offers both liquid and granular chemical lawn application. Bob Field and Kyle Sheets are partners in Grass Hopper Enter-prises, Abilene, Texas. The com-pany offers mowing/maintenance lawn care services. Marty Teitelbaum is president of Lawn Champ, Kinnelon, N.J. The company offers both liquid and granular chemical lawn care ser-vices. Gary Buirley has been named production/service manager for Turfgard Co., Troy, Ohio. His new duties will also include as-
sisting the branch manager, ac-
cording to company president 
Gary Weaver. Dr. James F. Wilkinson has joined Old Fox Chemical Co., East Providence, R.I. He was formerly director of research for ChemLawn Corp., Columbus, Ohio. Wilkinson Besaw Ronald Besaw is managing di-rector of Gemlawn Pty. Ltd., Kel-lyville, N.S.W., Australia. He of-fers both liquid and granular chemical lawn care, and has been in business since 1979. He recently joined the Professional Lawn Care 
Association of America after 
traveling from Australia to attend turf conferences in the United States. Bruce Wilhelm is president and Douglas Wilhelm is secretary I treasurer of B. D. Wilhelm Co., Denver, Colo. The company offers both liquid and granular chemical lawn care, tree care and sprinkler 
servicing. Richard Miller is manager of Ever-Green Lawns, Aurora, Colo. The company offers both liquid and granular chemical lawn appli-cation. Roy Sorensen is owner of Royal Lawn Service, Owatonna, Minn. The company offers chemical lawn care to its customers. Kathryn E. Welch has been named specialty agriculture prod-
ucts sales representative for Mal-
linckrodt, Inc., St. Louis. She will be responsible for the company's 
turf and ornamental product lines in the far West. Her territory will include Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Idaho, Mon-
tana, Wyoming, Utah and Arizona. The appointment is the latest in a series of moves by Mallinckrodt to 
intensify its sales and marketing services to the industry. She pre-viously was employed as a re-search assistant in the department of plant pathology, University of California at Berkeley. Robert H. Johnston is president and Kenneth R. Gunn is vice president of Lawn Arrangers, Inc., Columbus, Ohio. The company offers granular chemical lawn ap-plication. John L. Cross and David L. Cross are partners in Spray Green Tree & Lawn Service, St. Charles, Mo. 
The company offers liquid and granular chemical lawn care ser-vices. J. Cross D. Cross Geraldine Elise Massoth has been named product manager for Agricultural & Specialty Gypsum of the Chemicals Division for United States Gypsum Co., Chicago. She has been with the company since 1977. Her earlier positions include senior planning analyst and field representative of 
retail promotion. Prior to joining U.S.G., she had 12 years of experi-ence at Needham, Harper & Steers and Foote, Cone & Belding, both in 
Chicago. Diane S. Zak has been promoted to director of human resources for The Toro Co.'s Irrigation Division, Riverside, Calif. Vernon Bishop, president of Lebanon Chemical Corp., Leba-non, Pa., has announced the ap-pointment and promotion of Ken-dall S. Tomlinson to chief of operations for all corporate pro-duction and marketing divisions. 
Lebanon manufactures and dis-tributes fertilizers to home and professional users in the eastern two-thirds of the nation. Tomlin-son was previously employed by Allied Chemical Co. Robert Herbruck, Jr. has joined MTD Products Inc., Cleveland, as supervisor of special accounts, it has been announced by MTD vice president Warren W. E. Thrun. John F. Eckhardt is owner I operator and J. Steven Eckhardt is 
manager of Spring Green Lawn & Tree Care, Wayconda, 111. The franchise company offers liquid chemical lawn care and tree care. The franchise is headquartered in Naperville, 111. John F. Coyne III is president of Managed Environments, Inc., Norcross, Ga. The company offers liquid and granular chemical lawn care and mowing/maintenance services. Vice presidents are Jimmy Anderson and Steven H. Miller. Harry J. Raffa is general manager of Lawn Medic Metro, Little Falls, N.Y. Area managers are William Seely and Lev Merritt. The com-
pany offers liquid and granular chemical lawn care and is a branch of Lawn Medic, Inc., based in Bergen, N.Y. Robert E. Hess is owner of Spring Green Lawn Care, Rockford, 111. The company offers 
liquid chemical lawn care and is 
part of a franchise company based 
in Naperville, 111. H. Don Piepkom is owner and Bill Benore is manager of the ChemLawn Corp. franchise in Fargo, N.D. The comapny offers 
liquid chemical lawn care. Chem-
Lawn is based in Columbus, Ohio. Douglas Columb is president and Barry Lerman is business 
manager of Grasshopper Lawns, Inc., Watertown, Conn. The com-pany offers liquid and granular chemical lawn care services. Frank P. Cowdery is president of Chem Turf, Inc., Anaheim, Calif. George Meeley is vice president 
and Harold Boardman is senior specialist. The company offers liquid chemical lawn care ser-vices. Mark Grover is president and Byron Miller is commercial maintenance supervisor of Grover Landscaping, Inc., Modesto, Calif. 
The company offers both liquid and chemical lawn care and 
mowing/maintenance services. Raymond E. Scott is owner of Spring Green Lawn Care, Bour-bonnais, 111. The company offers liquid chemical lawn care and is part of a franchise operation based in Naperville, 111. According to sales manager John Culbertson, John Rector has joined the sales staff of Pacific Green Sod, Camarillo, Calif., as the new northern area sales director. Rector will be responsible for sod sales territories in Los Angeles, the San Fernando Valley and Ventura, Calif. For the past two years, he has been associated with Pacific Green Lawn Care, which is Pacific Green Sod's sister company in Santa Monica, Calif. Rector Robinson Mike Robinson was recently named vice president of marketing for Pickseed West, Inc., Tangent, 
Ore. Robinson, a nine-year veteran 
of the Northwest seed industry, 
will continue to be responsible for the company's proprietary mar-keting and forage seed. In the past two years, he has introduced Pickseed proprietary products in numerous markets throughout the U.S. Most recent new varieties introduced have included Fiesta, Dasher and Blazer perennial rye-grass and America Kentucky blue-
grass. Robinson's other major re-
sponsibility is coordinating Pick-
seed's research and variety de-velopment. This includes liaison with leading turf and forage plant breeders as well as agronomists involved in testing and evaluation. Clyde D. Stevens, vice president of Lebanon Chemical Corp., Leba-non, Pa. died recently at age 59. He 
was a key figure in the growth of Lebanon in the non-farm fertilizer 
industry. Ansil E. Poland, vice president and general manager of John Blue 
Co., Huntsville, Ala. has an-nounced that Robert G. "Bobby" 
Meadows has been named to head the new company facility in 
Timmonsville, S.C. The company manufactures fertilizer applica-tion equipment. Jacqueline Cesped has been ap-pointed district manager for the Outdoor Power Equipment Div. of 
J I Case Co., Einneconne, Wis., to page 22 The book that turns businessmen Into best sellers. Many who've read it are now reaping the rewards. Because they've found that U.S. exports are a more than $100 billion a year business, that exporting creates both company profits and company growth, that U.S. goods have never been more competitive in international markets. Above all, they've found that, with the help available from the U.S. Commerce Department, selling over-seas is no more difficult than selling at home. 
And this fact-filled book can prove the same to you. Write The Secretary of Commerce, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, BED 8B, Washington, D.C. 20230. U.S. Department of Commerce A Public Service of This Magazine y^" Ł ^ & The Advertising Council VXXTICll £ z n > z a c C/5 H 23 >< H 03 Increase your profits by fertilizing your customers' trees and shrubs with JOBE'S. Authorities agree that trees need fertilizer when growing in poor soil, surrounded by pavement or packed earth and when competing with erass. Doesn't that describe the conditions under which 
most of your customers' trees are growing? Tree fertilization is easy to sell for you can point out these visible signs: wilting, slow growth, leaf yellowing, thin foliage and dieback on ends of branches. Jobe's Spikes are: Easy To Use Economical Efficient Provide Proven Performance Recommend and use JOBE'S in your lawn care program: Jobe's Fertilizer Spikes for Beautiful Trees and Shrubs (16-8-8) Jobe's Fertilizer Spikes for Beautiful Evergreen Trees and Shrubs (12-6-8) Jobe's Fertilizer Spikes for More Productive Fruit Trees (5-15-15) Call for prices, literature that will help you sell, and the name of your nearest distributor. 1 800-354-9360 Jobe> FERTILIZER SPIKES International Spike, Inc., Ž P.O. Box 1750, Lexington, KY 40593 NEWSMAKERS/rom page 21 according to an announcement by sales manager Mike Hirschman. She will handle the northeastern Ohio territory. Robert J. Moeller has been pro-moted to the position of vice president and general manager of The Toro Co.'s Irrigation Division, Riverside, Calif. Also, Ralph L. 
Donnelly has joined the com-
pany's Outdoor Products Div., 
Minneapolis, as vice president of 
sales. He was most recently vice president of sales for O. M. Scott & Sons, Marysville, Ohio. Moeller Donnelly James W. Ebbert is president of Lawn Care, Inc., Carnegie, Pa. The company offers granular chemical lawn application. Joe Williams is president and Ray Weekley is vice president of Lawn Master, Pensacola, Fla. The company offers liquid chemical lawn care. Mitch Maguire is turf manager and Ken Clemmer is fertilizer manager for Moyer Lawn Care, 
Souderton, Pa. The company of-
fers liquid chemical lawn care services. Mickey Strauss of American Landscape, Inc., Canoga Park, Calif., has been elected 30th presi-dent of the California Landscape Contractors Association. Strauss succeeds Don Napolitano of As-sociate Industries, Montebello, Calif. Napolitano automatically 
becomes chairman of the board. Elected vice presidents were Tim 
Nord, Nord Landscape Co., Bakersfield, Calif.; Efraim Donitz, L. C. Landscape Consultants, North Hollywood, Calif.; Jon 
Alsdorf, Landscape-West As-
sociates, Fresno, Calif.; and Lloyd 
Thatcher of Lloyd C. Thatcher Co., Fresno. Jay West of Gardens West, Sonoma, Calif, was elected trea-surer and Jonnie E. Galloway of Galloway Landscaping, Escalon, Calif, was elected secretary. Robert Raley has been appointed sales representative for American Honda, Power Products Division, for the New Jersey and Pennsyl-
vania region, announced Lowell Deitsch, Northeast regional man-ager. The company is based in Gardena, Calif. Leo J. Zanoni has been named public relations associate for The Upjohn Co., and his work will include working with the com-pany's TUCO Div., Kalamazoo, Mich. Thomas Reidy is president of Spring-Green Lawn Care, Joliet, 111. The company offers liquid 
chemical lawn care and is part of a franchise company based in Naperville, 111. Jim Pochedly has been ap-pointed district manager of the East Cleveland, Ohio office of 
Davey Landscape, Kent, Ohio. He joined Davey Tree in 1978 as a technician in the Akron, Ohio office. In January, 1980, he became assistant manager in Akron. He will be assisted in his new position 
by sales and service representa-tives Paul Hacky and Ron Talley. New personnel in Spring-Green Lawn Care Corp., Naperville, 111., are: George Steffens has joined the company as assistant operations 
manager; Larry Williams is new 
operations manager for the com-pany in Downer's Grove, 111.; Wendy Peterson has been pro-moted to corporate field rep-
resentative to Spring-Green 
franchises; Dr. Herbert Johnson of Lafayette, Ind. is opening up his 
new Spring-Green dealership this spring; and Ric Domer has begun operations of his new dealership in South Bend, Ind. Robert C. O'Knefski, cooperative extension agent from Nassau 
County in New York, recently retired. He is a graduate of Pennsylvania State University, and holds a master's degree from Rutgers University. He previously had taught at the University of 
Connecticut, and also was a turf consultant for O. M. Scott & Sons, 
Marysville, Ohio. The Agricultural Chemicals Di-vision of Diamond Shamrock Corp., Cleveland has announced the appointment of Larry D. DeRolf as Northeast regional sales man-ager. He replaces the retiring L. F. "Tom" Cherry. Kent Tice has been named oper-ations director for 80 Lawn Doctor dealerships in New Jersey and New England, it has been an-nounced by Anthony Giordano, president of the Matawan, N.J.-based company. Tice has been with the company since 1972, and has been regional director for many of the company's key dealer-
ship areas. Tice Lupsha Charles H. Lupsha has been named manager of domestic mar-
keting for the Ortho Agricultural Chemicals Division of Chevron 
Chemical Co., San Francisco. Thomas C. Karmer is land-scaping superintendent with 
Edgerton Contractors, Inc., Oak 
Creek, Wis. Armand D'Agostino is owner of Spring-Green Lawn Care, Roselle, 111. The company offers chemical lawn care services. Michael Fischetti is owner of John's Lawn & Tree Service, Fort Lauderdale, Fla. Bill Trimmer is a partner in Lawn Pro Co., Springfield, Va. Ronald J. Quinlan and Wilma Quinlan are owners and operators of Lawn Genie, Fairforest, S.C. The 
company has been in business COST CUTTINGS Shelf life and storage of pesticides With the busy part of the lawn care season beginning soon in most parts of the country, storage and shelf life of pesticides is not that much of a present concern. But here are some tips from the University of Maryland on storage of pesticides. Keep them for your files. All pesticides cannot be treated the same if a useful product is desired when the chemical is again removed from storage for use. The shelf life of a pesticide is dependent on several factors: (1) storage conditions, (2) the type of formulation, (3) the kinds of inert ingredients present, and (4) the nature and stability of the chemical itself. Most pesticides can be used if proper facilities are available. However, before storing any chemical, read the label. If you still have any questions, contact the manufacturer. Under normal 
conditions, the following rules apply for the maintenance of pesticides. Ł Never allow any liquid formulation to freeze. On the other hand, dry and liquid formulations should never be stored where temperatures may exceed 100°F. Heat initiates the breakdown process. Ł All pesticides should be kept in a well-ventilated, but dry place. Also, keep chemicals in the dark, as some are decomposed by prolonged exposure to sunlight (especially in glass contain-ers). Ł Keep different chemicals separated. Herbicides, fertilizers, fungicides and insecticides should, if possible, be stored in separate compartments with no air exchange between them. Ł Always keep chemicals in their original containers, if possible. If the original container is damaged, use a substitute of 
similar composition and label it clearly. Glass, plastic and paper 
are the best storage, because many pesticides will corrode metal. If a container is opened (especially paper containers), it should be closed tightly and then placed in a clear plastic bag for added protection and safety. The clear plastic bag also allows easy 
identification of the contents without opening the bag. Ł The floors and exterior walls are usually the dampest places in a room. Therefore, keep powdered, granular and dust 
formulations, and all chemicals in paper containers away from 
these surfaces where moisture may condense. Ł Keep an up-to-date inventory of all pesticides and use the older materials first. Ł When buying, try to limit amounts purchased to what will be used in one season. Do not store pesticides longer than two years under any conditions. Most manufacturers will not warrant them at all if held longer than this period of time. almost two years, and services the Spartanburg, S.C. area. It provides 
its customers with a full range of 
services including fertilization, chemical weed control, fungus 
and insect control, seeding and pH control. The company promotes itself as a "lawn health care serv-ice." Mallinckrodt, Inc. has named Grace Fishel senior patent/trade-mark attorney. The company is based in St. Louis. Richard Hayworth is president of Yard Care Specialties, Whittier, Calif. The company offers mowing/maintenance services to 
customers in southern California. Daniel Ducatt is owner of Greenskeeper Lawn Care, Inc., Defiance, Ohio. George Neubarth is owner of Evergreen Lawn Care, Hudson, 
Wis. Dean Ornellas is manager for Al's Landscaping, Mililani, Hawaii. The company offers 
mowing/maintenance lawn care services. Embark* Plant Growth Regulator Distributor Locations California Moyer Chemical Co. San Jose Santa Ana Target Chemical Co. Cerritos San Jose Van Waters and Rogers San Jose Los Angeles San Diego Wilbur-Ellis Co. Chula Vista 
Santa Fe Springs Fresno Woodland Colorado Balcom Chemical Inc. Greenley Florida Souther Agricultural Insecticides, Inc. Palmetto Georgia Regal-Chemical Co. Alpharetta Illinois Chicago Toro Drake-Scruggs Equip. Inc. Decatur Turf Products, Ltd. West Chicago Indiana The Daltons Inc. Warsaw Iowa Big Bear Equipment Des Moines Davenport Kansas Champion Turf Equipment Wichita Kentucky George W. Hill & Co. Florence Ky. Maryland Commercial Lawn 
Services Inc. Rockville Cornell Chemical & Equip. Linthicum Heights Massachusetts Richey and Clapper Co. Natick Michigan Lawn Equipment Corp. Novi W. F. Miller Co. Birmingham Minnesota Minnesota Toro Minneapolis Turf Supply Co. St. Paul Missouri BeckmannsTurf Chesterfield Champion Turf Kansas City Nebraska Big Bear Equipment Omaha New Jersey Andrew Wilson Inc. Mountainside New York Agway Inc. Syracuse Green Spaces Yonkers J & LAdikes Jamaica North Carolina So. Agricultural Insecticides Inc. Hendersonville 
Boone Ohio Chemi-Trol Chemical 
Co. Gibsonburg LakeshoreEquipmenl 
& Supply Elyria Oregon Van Waters & Rogers Portland Wilbur Ellis Portland Pennsylvania 
Farm and Golf Course Supply Philadelphia Lawn and Golf Supply Pheonixville Miler Chemical Hanover Rhode Island Old Fox Chemical East Providence Texas Chemical & Turf Specialty Dallas Virginia Wilson Feed and Seed Richmond Washington Van Waters and Rogers Kent Seattle Wilbur-Ellis Co. Seattle Spokane Wisconsin Reinders Bros. Inc. Elm Grove James A. Watkins, author of Turf Irrigation Manual and director of training for Weather-matic Div. of Telsco Industries, Dallas, has re-tired and been replaced by Richard B. Choate. Watkins Choate Robert Klemm is owner of Inde-pendent Tree Care Co., Bay Vil-lage, Ohio. E. J. Smith & Sons Co., Charlotte, N.C. will represent Weed Eater products in North and South Carolina. The company also handles Toro products and Satoh tractors. Keith Shepersky has been named a sales trainer for the Turf Division of Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg. Corp., Glendora, Calif. Morgro Chemical Co., Salt Lake City, Utah, has selected Harris & Love, Inc. as its advertising agency. In making the announce-ment, national marketing manager Larry J. Orton said the agency would assist Morgro in advertising its complete line of liquid and dry fertilizer products. Alan R. Kurash is owner of A & R Landscaping, Westchester, 111. Herbert M. Shapira is owner of Lawn Doctor of Randolph-Canton-Sharon, based in Framin-gham, Mass. The company offers 
chemical lawn care only and is part of the franchise operation based in Matawan, N.J. Manny J. Paros is owner of Lawn Doctor of Green, based in Some-rset, N.J. The company offers mowing/maintenance in addition to chemical lawn care, and is part of the Matawan, N.J.-based franchise network. Norman Rothwell, N. M. Rothwell Seeds, Lindsay, Ontario, Jacklin Wiley Canada, last year was elected president of the Lawn Institute. Vice president is Robert Peterson, 
E. F. Burlingham & Sons, Forest Grove, Ore. Robert Russell, J & L Adikes, Inc., Jamaica, N.Y. is secretary-treasurer. Board mem-bers elected were: R. H. Bailey, 
Merion Bluegrass Association, Salem, Wash.; R. J. Buker, F.F.R., West Lafayette, Ind.; J. L. Carnes, 
International Seeds, Inc., Halsey, Ore.; H. G. Dickey, North Ameri-
can Plant Breeders, Mission, Kans.; G. Eros, OSECO Limited, Brampton, Ontario, Canada; J. Glatt, Turf Seeds, Hubbard, Ore.; Doyle Jacklin, Vaughan-Jacklin, 
Post Falls, Idaho; James Jenks, Jenks-White Seed Co., Salem, Ore.; Ben Klugman, Twin City Seed Co., Minneapolis, Minn.; Peter S. Loft, Lofts Pedigreed Seed, Inc., Bound Brook, N.J.; E. F. Mangelsdorf, Mangelsdorf Seed Co., St. Louis; Howard Schuler, Northrup King Co., Minneapolis; John Southerland, Stanford Seed Co., Buffalo, N.Y.; Denny Taylor, Highland Bentgrass Commission, Salem, Ore.; E. R. Townsend, Whitney-Dickinson Seed Co., Buffalo, N.Y.; R. E. Wetsel, Wetsel Seed Co., Harrisonburg, Va.; W. K. Wiley, Pickseed West, Inc., Tan-gent, Ore.; and John Zajac, Gar-field Williamson, Inc., Jersey City, N.J. James Walicik is president of Best Lawns, Schaumburg, 111. The company offers chemical lawn care and mowing/maintenance services. Wayne R. Marchetti is owner of Colony Landscaping Co., Winter Haven, Fla. Bart Wodlinger is owner of Lawn Doctor of S. W. Montgomery County, Rockville, Md. The chemical lawn care only company is part of the Lawn Doctor franch-ise network, which is based in 
Matawan, N.J. Herbert H. Johnson is owner of Custom Green Lawn Service, Rockford, 111. Brian T. Spears is president of Lawn Ranger, Inc., Bel Air, Md. Michael Reed is assistant man-ager for Techniturf, Inc., Brockton, 
Mass. Keye/Donna/Pearlstein of Los Angeles has been named adver-tising agency of record for the Rain Bird Sprinkler Mfg. Corp., Glen-dora, Calif., according to Rain Bird Turf Division marketing manager Rex Dixon. Cochrane Chase, Livingston & Co., Inc., Irvine, Calif, will continue to provide full public relations services. Wayne McCutcheon is ProTurf technical representative for Al-
berta, the Kootenays area of British Columbia, Saskatchewan and Manitoba. ProTurf is a division of O. M. Scott & Sons, Marysville, Ohio. Fred M. Craig is treasurer of GreenScope, Inc., Findlay, Ohio. The company offers mowing I maintenance services. Michael E. Werman is owner of Professional Grounds Mainte-nance, Newton, Mass. Robert Camoron is a partner is C.M.S. Landwcaping, Holyoke, Mass. Michael E. Shapherd is vice president of Turf Kare, Inc., In-
dianapolis, Ind. Frederick W. Webb has been appointed regional marketing manager for the Specialty Prod-ucts Group of Fisons, Inc., Bed-ford, Mass. He will report to Keith O. Story, market manager. Also, John W. Murphy has been ap-pointed regulatory affairs specialist for the company. In this position, he will be responsible for the preparation of petitions to the to page 24 £ z n > z a c c/i H 73 H CO / Hovy'd they do it. By spraying EMBARK plant growth regulator on roadside banks. ' Corporate Woods grounds manager Jim Jeffers ' stretches hillside mowing from two weeks to two months. By spraying steep roadside banks, Jim saves both manpower and money. Because wfieri crehs aren't mowing, they're assigned to more pressing jobs around the 18-building, 305-acre office complex. During spring and summejyweVe got a dozen projects underway and mowing is just one'' says Jim. The EMBARK PGR keeps grass at three to four inches. Eaiiagerr^ft or smafl.' , One spray replaces two months mowing, at-a Embark 3M Jim Jeffers Grounds Manager Corporate Woods Overland Park, KS SS STAND STILL MONTHS. «r/>1 < JSSS&SB: ^ , MfeaK v % ^ NEWSMAKERS from page 23 federal Environmental Protection Agency to secure registrations for company chemical products in the U.S. He will report to Paula F. Smith, manager, regulatory affairs. He holds a B.S. from the Univer-sity of Delaware, and an M.S. degree from Virginia Tech, where he was employed as a graduate 
assistant. Crown Chemicals, St. Louis has appointed John Deverey, president of Arrowhead Sales, Kansas City, 
Kans., to cover sales territories in 
Kansas, Missouri, Iowa, Min-nesota, North and South Dakota. Representing Crown in Ohio, In-diana, Michigan and Kentucky will be Don Davis, president of 
Don Davis Sales, Harrisburg, Ohio. Representative for the Southwest is G. T. Gilbert Co., 
Farmers Branch, Texas. Dave Cline Associates, Birmingham, Ala., represents Crown product 
lines in the Southeast. Jeff McMaster has been named technical representative for the ProTurf Div. of O. M. Scott & Sons, Marysville, Ohio. He will service 
the eastern Ontario and Montreal areas in Canada. Merlyn L. Curtis, has been pro-moted to engineering manager for the Outdoor Power Equipment Division of J I Case, Winneconne, Wis. Appointments announced by Fisons, Inc., New Bedford, Mass. include: Stephen W. Riley as man-
ager of commercial development, and Roger P. Stollings, James F. Stewart, Patricia A. Saunders and J. Clayton Root as regional super-visors in the research and de-
velopment group. Joining Westheffer Co., Lawr-ence, Kans. are Leonard Loen as 
operations manager and Mark 
Alvey as sales and marketing man-ager. Officers for 1980-81 for the American Sod Producers Associ-
ation are: president, Raymond A. Johnson, Shamrock Turf Nurse-ries, Hanna, Ind.; vice president, Stephen T. Cockerham, Rancho Verde Turf Farms, Perris, Calif.; secretary, Ray Weekley, Prince William Turf Growers, Fairfax, Va.; treasurer, James W. Huggett, Long Island Farm, Marshall, Wis. Immediate past president is E. John Hope, Manderley Turf Farms, North Gower, Ontario. New trustees are: Michele Wil-liams, Meredith Sod Farms, Salt 
Lake City, Utah; Walt Pemrick, Warrens Turf Nursery, Palos Park, 111.; Ralph W. White, Jr., Southern Turf Nurseries, Tifton, Ga. DISTRIBUTION Alabama's Sta-Green names Midwest agent Sta-Green Plant Food Co., Inc., Sylacauga, Ala. has named the 
Lawn Aids Division of Lawn Aid, Inc., Tipp City, Ohio as distributor for its products in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and parts of S3 Marketed by TUrf-Seed, inc. P.O. Box 250, Hubbard, OR 97032 503/981-9571 TWX 510-590-0957 The Research. Production. Marketing Company Kentucky, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. Sta-Green is the specialty fer-tilizer manufacturing arm of Parker Fertilizer Co., Inc., one of 
the oldest fertilizer manufacturers in America. Since its founding in 1904, Parker has pioneered and pro-duced a number of varieties of fertilizer for expanding markets. 
The company now manufactures more than 200 different products, including slow-release fertilizer, herbicide-fertilizer compounds, insecticide-impregnated fertilizer 
and soluble fertilizer. The com-pany offers custom-blending. Lawn Aids is a partnership of Gary Weaver and Ron Grove. The company will be marketing Sta-Green products along with other chemicals and equipment for the 
lawn care industry and other green 
industries. COMPANIES Warren's Turf acquired by Curran Sources confirm that Warren's Turf Nursery, Inc. has been ac-quired by the Curran interests of 
Crystal Lake, Illinois. The sale consisted of transfer of ownership of Warren stock certificates to the Curran Contracting Company. All other information concerning the transaction is being withheld. With nearly 5,000 acres of land under cultivation, the Warren firm 
is one of the largest growers of sod and turf in the world. The firm was founded in 1938 on ten acres of 
rented land near Palos Park, Il-linois by Ben Warren and his father, Ben Warren Sr. Warren's is currently develop-ing the European, Asiatic, Austra-
lian and African markets for its patented A-34 bluegrass, of special value in those areas as a forage crop as well as for lawn establish-ment. The A-34 bluegrass, developed from Warren's research facilities, was the only bluegrass out of 18 strains studied by Michigan State University for wear tolerance to peg an "excellent" rating. It is also shade tolerant in up to 65 percent shade cover and along with War-ren's A-20 bluegrass, was rated highest out of 43 grasses studied 
by eight universities doing turf grass research. In addition to turf research and development, the firm has pa-tented sod cutters, harvesters, and 
a sod washing machine which removes soil from newly harvested sod. Sod removal allows for up to three to four times larger payloads and enables newly planted turf to knit to the site soil quickly. Soiless 
sod is now in use at Mile High Stadium in Denver, Colorado and Candlestick Park, in San Fran-
cisco, California. Curran Contracting Company, with interests in paving, trucking, 
and railroad equipment, have in-dicated that they plan a minimum of management changes within the present Warren organization. "The Curran brothers have indi-
cated a willingness to make further 
investments in the Warren Com-
pany future in the way of expan-
sion into new markets," said Duane Blake, general manager of Warren's Turf Nursery. GRASSROOTS CANDIDATE! To be competitive in the sod market, producers need a dark green, healthy product that can be harvested in a minimum amount of time. Columbia bluegrass was developed by Turf-Seed, Inc., to work alone or in a blend to produce a dark green, quick spreading turf. We III DT A nominate Columbia as the grass JI" DIM roots candidate for this year and Kentucky Bluegrass years to come. Turf-Seed, Inc. developed Columbia bluegrass to be a quick rooting, rapid spreading bluegrass excellent for profitable sod production. A good root system is important to get lawns through 
hot summer periods. Columbia has shown good resistance to Fusarium blight in California tests where Fusarium is a problem 
during dry summer periods. Ł ŁŁ Ł Ł - ŁŁŁ/Ł. Ł , Ł'-ŁM Ł ; ' i > ŁŁ ...:. : < \ . ' . Ł y^m vX; . vvjafev - Ł ., . . Ł i ; 0: MAKE EXCUSES. MAKE SURE, WITH CHIPCO 26019. ŁŁ -/ /.i - ^ *?A i". ' Vs.%'--> ŁV iV J » / Ł JL t . . I LONG LASTING CHIPCO 26019 IS STRONG MEDICINE, FOR LAWN DISEASE PREVENTION. What do you say to a customer when the fungicide you're using on his lawn fails to keep turf diseases from breaking out between treatments? Even if the customer thinks that a lack of water is causing that brown, burned look, you know better. Now you can prevent major lawn diseasesŠwithout making extra service callsŠwith CHIPCO 26019 
fungicide. Chipco 26019 gives you the longest residual on the market. Long enough for you to effectively prevent diseases with your established spray schedule. When diseases threaten your customers' lawns-and your reputation-don't make excuses for a fungicide that fails,or doesn't last. Make sure, with Chipco 26019. It's the long last-
ing, strong medicine for lawn disease prevention. For de-
tails, ask your chemical distributor, or contact: Rhone Poulenc Chemical Co., Agrochemical Div., Rhone Poulenc Inc. Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852. (,pRh RHONE POULENC Please read label carefully, and use only as directed. TECHNIQUES Are you getting the right mix? Certain tank mixes are widely and successfully used in the produc-tion and growth of turfgrasses, says Houston B. Couch, professor of plant pathology at Virginia Tech. Under certain conditions the decision to use a combination of materials as a tank mixture may be an appropriate one. Under no condition, however, says Dr. Couch, should a person make a decision concerning an 
innovative "on the job" tank mix-ture of two or more materials without first clearly determining their compatibility. Tank mixing of fungicides, and fungicides plus adjuvants, has 
been in practice in turfgrass dis-ease control in the United States 
for approximately 50 years. This system of pesticide application is widespread today. Many commercial turfgrass spray operators successfully use various mixtures of compounds. 
Also, the private operator can purchase single packaged prod-ucts that contain two or more ingredients. When these are placed in the sprayer, they actually constitute a tank mix. The preparation of "on the job" tank mixes presents the turfgrass management specialist with the 
possibility of convenience in both time and labor. In addition, there are occasions when either the indentification of the exact cause 
of the outbreak is not certain, or 
two or more diseases that require 
specific fungicides for their con-
trol are occuring simultaneously. It therefore becomes necessary to 
use a group of fungicides in con-
junction with each other. At these times, the possibility of a tank mixture may look extremely attractive. Throughout the grow-ing season, the lawn businessman is often faced with the need to make a decision on whether to mix two or more pesticides and com-plete the spraying in one opera-tion, or to apply the materials one spray at a time. Before launching into a tank mixing program of either two or more pesticides, a pesticide and a fertilizer, a pesticide and a wetting agent, a pesticide and a spreader-sticker, or a pesticide and an 
extender, there are certain factors 
that must be taken into considera-
tion. One of the more important of these is a resolution of the question of whether or not the components 
are compatible. Compatibility is the ability of two or more compo-nents of a mixture to be used in 
combination without impairment of their toxicity to the target organism. The different types of incom-patibility that apply to pesticides and pesticide adjuvant combina-tions are physical, chemical, phytotoxic, and placement. Physical incompatibility is the production of an unstable mixture. This is commonly seen as exces-^ mm f M Pi Ł ^KSjd mf ~ Ł f m Even when tank mixes are tried on a small scale before being placed into widespread use and no phytotoxicity is observed, one cannot be certain injury might not occur later, says Dr. Houston Couch of Virginia Tech. sive foaming, and precipitation of a sediment on the bottom of the sprayer tank. Ideally, all non-liquid fun-gicides, whether they are used in tank mixtures or not, should first be added to a small quantity of water, and this preparation then poured into the tank of the sprayer. 
This procedure will insure a more 
uniform dispersal of the material 
throughout the main body of water. Chemical incompatibility is a reaction that results in a loss of toxicity to the target organism when two or more materials are placed in the spray tank. Also, 
whenever possible, water that is in the alkaline range should not be used as the carrier for fungicides. Furthermore, adjuvants should never be added to a tank contain-
ing a pesticide until it has been learned from the manufacturer of both the adjuvant and the pes-ticide that the materials are chemi-cally compatible. Phytotoxic incompatibility is a reaction producing injury to plants when they are sprayed with a mixture of materials, which, if used at the rates in question and 
applied as one material at a time, would not be toxic. Types of pesticide induced phytotoxicity are: a yellowing 
(chlorosis) of leaves; the develop-
ment of necrotic spots; complete blighting or general withering of leaves; and retardation of the growth rate of the entire plant or 
one or more of its organs. At times, the phytotoxicity may be latent Š i.e., not be seen until several days or weeks after the time of application. Even when newly innovated tank mixes are tried on a small scale before being placed into widespread use and no 
phytotoxicity is observed, one 
cannot be certain that injury will not occur at the time the entire 
stand is sprayed. This is due to the fact that interacting factors such as: air 
temperature at the time it is being 
used; plant genotype Š i.e., some species and varieties are more prone to injury by certain fun-gicides than others; the degree of dilution in the water carrier; level of plant nutrition at the time of 
application; and the degree of soil moisture stress at the time the material is being used. Placement incompatibility oc-curs when each of the materials in the tank mixture need to be placed in a different zone to be effective. A mixture of a foliar fungicide and a nematicide would be an example 
of this. Fiesta...Of course The versatile turf-type perennial ryegrass Turf experts agree Š Fiesta's fine texture, low growth habit and medium dark green color make it the ideal perennial ryegrass. It's tillering capacity and mowing qualities are outstanding. Fiesta makes an excellent com-ponent in blends or mixtures with Kentucky Bluegrass and fine fescue. Fiesta s versatility is enhanced by excellent resistance to winter damage, summer stress and common turf disease. Ask for Fiesta turf-type perennial ryegrass, a Rutgers development. TURF TYPE PERENNIAL RYEGRASS Pickseed also produces mm and Touchdown Kentucky Bluegrasses Produced by PICK^EE® PICKSEED WEST Inc. PO Box 888. Tangent. OR 97389 Ł (503) 926 8886 Distributed in Canada by Otto Pick and Sons Seeds Ltd Box 126. Richmond Hill. Ontario Ł (416) 884 1147 .0 A COMBINE CONVERSION DEVICE* S0 CONVERT YOUR BROADCAST SPREADER TO A COMBINE CAPABLE OF APPLYING 3 DIFFERENT GRANULAR MATERIALS AT ONE TIME. 1. NO MORE HAND MIXING MATERIALS 2. NO MORE USING EXPENSIVE PRE-MIXES 3. NO MORE $15,000 OR MORE SPRAY TRUCKS 4. NO MORE EXPENSIVE COMBINES 5. NO MORE HUGE EQUIPMENT EXPENSES TO SERVICE MORE CUSTOMERS 6. NO MORE 2 OR 3 TIMES AROUND THE SAME AREA GETTING DIZZY HERE IS THE ANSWER YOU HAVE BEEN WAITING FOR, 1 TIME AROUND DOES IT. Norman Lynd, owner of Green Thumb Lawn Service, located in Willow Grove, PA., has invented and is now manufacturing this conversion device* that will change a broadcast spreader into a combine, without spending thousands of dollars. A. Installation takes approximately one hour and you don't have to be a mechanic. B. Once installed, it can be removed in less than one minute for cleaning and put back together in one minute. C. Installation instructions and directions are included. D. The unit is made with rugged stainless steel and aluminum. (No rusting) E. All nuts and bolts for assembly are stainless steel. F. Because of the simplicity and ruggedness of this unit, it should never need replacement. G.Three adjustable metering slides for calibration are the only moving parts. H.A common ruler is used for calibration settings I. Please allow three weeks for delivery. J. At this time, insert devices are available for cyclone brand spreaders model #99-100 and 100B only. If you want them for other types of spreaders, please send us MANUFACTURERS NAME, MODEL # of spreader and YOUR ORDER. Please allow 6 WEEKS FOR DELIVERY. K. These units are not available from any other source at this time. 'PATENT PENDING L. Payment in full must accompany all orders before shipment is made. M.We will ship all orders via UPS in U.S.A. unless otherwise specified. N.Total price $50.00 per unit plus $5.00 per unit for shipping and handling. Please make checks payable to NORMAN LYND 2450 OLD WELSH RD. WILLOW GROVE, PA 19090 TELEPHONE 215-657-6200 Call Toll Free Anywhere in U.S.A. Except PA. 800-523-2530 SAFETY barefoot Grass O/UAMmt SKRVIOI, wwc Emily, the Columbus (Ohio) Zoo's chimpanzee, unloads a new Toro Grounds-master riding mower from the delivery truck. The 72-inch mower was a recent gift from Barefoot Grass Lawn Service, a subsidiary of The Toro Co., and Century Toro, Inc., the Columbus Toro distributor. It will be used by groundskeepers to maintain the zoo's grounds. Barefoot is based in Columbus. Complete fuel efficient units or component parts to build or modify your own equipment. Honda & Briggs pony engines ŠCash relief valves Hydra-CellŠHyproŠMeyers pumps Hose Reels Tank hatches & Vents-Gun holsters-Route Box systems Mix tanks & Piping Components CS-80 Power Spreader-Truck & Trailer Spray Units CONSOLIDATED SALES AND SERVICE, INC. Manufacturers of Lawn Care Equipment 401 S College St Piqua Ohio 45356 Phone 513-773 3109 Write 108 on reader service card THE PRO-LAWNŽ APPROACH It starts with your Pro-Lawn Specialist. Me understands the day-to-day problems of keeping your grounds in top shape... the need for alert response to pest problems...the importance of man-agement relations. His background is in turf management. Count 
on him for a full line of professional fertilizers and chemicals that do the job they're meant to do... and for helpful counsel that will help give you grounds you are proud of. For more information, call your local Pro-Lawn representative. Or write or call: C. E. Dinsmore, Pro-Lawn Products, Inc., Box 4908, Syracuse, NY 13221, (315) 477-6112 prolawn Test for staff spray hazards Lawn spray applicators are routinely exposed to toxic chemi-cals. In order to ensure that your employees are protected from pesticide overexposure, a program 
is available to provide a safety check. Called a cholinesterase monitoring program, the check ensures that: 1. Susceptible individuals with unusually low cholinesterase levels are not unduly exposed to 
pesticides which affect the nerv-ous system. 2. Lawn spray operators are employing the necessary pre-cautionary measures in handling these chemicals. 3. If these operators are indeed overexposed to these chemicals, the necessary steps are taken be-
fore clinically toxic symptoms occur. According to Jeff McKenney, general manager of CLC Labs in Columbus, Ohio, constant expo-sure to organophosphates at var-
ying levels may lead to one of two situations. organophosphates are cumulative, 
constant contact will lead to a progressive decline of the blood enzyme activity which may or may not be accompanied by clinical symptoms. It is important that the test for cholinesterase activity be con-ducted prior to the use of any organophosphate insecticide and periodically monitored through-out the spraying season. The relia-
bility of the biomonitoring pro-gram will increase considerably 
with the frequency of blood sam-
pling. The results of innumerable tests conducted over the last five years 
have been thoroughly evaluated and have provided a sound data base for establishing the normal 
ranges of cholinesterase values. 
Cholinesterase activities vary over a wide range among individuals and not uncommonly from day to day in the same individual. Before you initiate this program, the following steps must be carried out as soon as possible: "It is important that the test for cholinesterase activity be conducted prior to the use of any organophosphate insecticide and periodically monitored throughout the spraying season." mm mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm One is the well-known acute accidental poisoning accom-panied by observable symptoms like headache, blurred vision, fatigue, nausea, and excessive perspiration. This is due to the 
organophosphate blocking an en-zyme in the blood called cholinesterase. This enzyme actively prevents the built-up of acetylcholine, a chemical responsible for trans-mitting electrical impulses from nerve to nerve or from nerve to 
muscle. Thus, excess acetyl-choline overactivates the muscles controlling our voluntary and in-voluntary movements leading to 
the above symptoms, or in severe cases, convulsions, respiratory depression, and possibly death. The second situation may occur even at low levels of exposure. 
Since the inhibitory effects of "I never gave it much thought, but you're right! We never have had many complaints about the lawn work we've done, have we?" 1. Discuss with your company or personal physician the appropri-ate sampling and testing program 
that is specific for your needs. This will depend on the extent and 
duration of exposure to the 
organophosphates. The following programs are suggested. 2. Have your physician submit an order for either testing program 
to a drawing agency or a clinic of his choice. Write to Catherine Buttram, PMI Marketing, P.O. Box 4081, Atlanta, Georgia 30302; telephone: (404) 885-8154 for a listing of a drawing agency in your 
area. If you opt not to contact a specific drawing agency, you will have to arrange for a qualified medical person to draw blood and 
separate the plasma from the red blood cells. (This will have to be done at your own risk). 3. Carefully follow the proce-dure list following program II to ensure a successful cholinesterase biomonitoring program. Program IŠRoutine plasma and red cell Cholinesterase. 1. At the initiation of a cholinesterase testing program, a plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase will be drawn. This will be considered a baseline level for that person with which future test results can be compared. It is best if this value is deter-mined at a time when the person has not been in contact with cholinesterase inhibitors for at least two months. The time lapse is not mandatory, however, if noted. 2. A plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase will be run after the initial exposure to organo-phosphate and then at every sub-
sequent testing interval. For CONSOLIDATED SALES AND SERVICE, INC. 401 S College St. Piqua. Ohio 45356 Phone 513-773-3109 Manufacturers of Lawn Care Equipment No matter if you are a dry applicator, totally liquid, or a combination of both. We either have or will design equipment to meet your needs. McKenney example, the accepted practice is biweekly sampling until assur-ance that subsequent exposure will not decrease cholinesterase 
levels below a safe threshold. 3. All low or below normal plasma results will be marked for the customer's attention on the 
report. 4. Under normal circumstances, results will be reported back to the physician or his designate by return mail, or no later than two working days upon receipt of samples in our laboratory. Pub-lished literature from a major 
organophosphate manufacturer 
will be mailed with the first test results to provide some guidelines 
on evaluating the significance of test results. It will be up to you and your physician's discretion whether immediate action should be taken if either or both plasma and red cell cholinesterases are considera-bly below your baseline values. Program IIŠRoutine Plasma Cholinesterase with reflex red blood cell cholinesterase. 1. The procedure for baseline determination will be the same as in Program I. 2. Only a plasma cholinesterase will be run at every sampling interval. 3. Red blood cell cholinesterase will be automatically run on these 
samples whose plasma value is low or below the established nor-mal range. Based on previous clinical studies conducted by a major insecticide manufacturer 
and current data compiled in CLC's Laboratory, a plasma cholinesterase value below 0.50 pH is considered low. Protocol for Drawing and Shipping 1. The customer or drawing agency can order adequate ship-ping containers and laboratory requisition slips. 2. It is necessary to fill out a laboratory requisition slip for each box of tubes mailed and also to properly identify the sample on a 
paper label attached to the tube with the following information: employee's full name, social secu-rity number and date drawn. 3. At the time of venipuncture, special care should be taken to ensure no contamination of the TOOLS,TIPS & TECHNIQUES Labor Department contacts With the prospects for the coming lawn care season looking up, it seems more and more companies around the nation are adding new employes and new equipment. And as the industry 
continues to expand, it will be coming in closer contact with the 
rules and regulations of both state and federal government. Rules are rules, however painful, and if a company wants to 
compete in an expanding market, it's better to look before you leap. With this in mind, it might be wise to keep a line open to your nearest Department of Labor office for guidelines and precautions. Here is a list of regional administrators of the department. Write or call them at U.S. Department of Labor at the following addresses: J. F. Kennedy Fed. Bldg., Room 1001, Boston, MA 02203, telephone: (617) 223-4394; 1515 Broadway, 
Rm. 3580, New York, NY 10036; 3535 Market Street, Rm. 14320 Gateway Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, telephone: (215) 596-6560; 1371 Peachtree St., N.E., Rm. 110, Atlanta, GA 30309, telephone: (404) 811-3989; 230 S. Dearborn St., 10th Floor, Chicago, IL 60604, telephone: (312) 353-3727; 555 Griffin Square Bldg., Rm. 744, Dallas, TX 75202, telephone: (214) 767-6801; 911 Walnut Street, Rm. 100 Fed. Ofc. Bldg., Denver, CO 80294, telephone: (303) 837-2218; 450 Golden Gate Avenue, Rm. 10064 Fed. Ofc. Bldg., San Francisco, CA 94102, telephone: (415) 556-5417; 909 First Avenue, Rm. 3144 Fed. Ofc. Bldg., 
Seattle, WA 98174, telephone: (206) 442-0100. LIQUID or GRANULAR? Finn LawnFeeder® Handles Both. Centrifugal Pump Mechanical Agitation Ł Variable Speed Hydraulic Drive Ł All Steel Construction 
Ł 800 and 1200 Gallon Models 
Ł Vee, Flood and Hollow Cone Nozzle Patterns 
Ł Liquid and Granular Products Applied in Slurry Form EQUIPMENT COMPANY 2525 DUCK CREEK RD. Ł CINCINNATI, OHIO 45206 TOLL FREE 800-543-7166 Ł OHIO COLLECT 513-871-2529 venipuncture site with cholines-terase inhibiting insecticides. It is preferable to draw the sample before the employee has had contact that day with insec-
ticides. If this is not possible, the 
venipuncture site should be washed thoroughly with soap and water. 4. Cholinesterase tests are to be drawn in a heparinized tube. This is a green stoppered vacuum tube 
containing sodium heparin as an anticoagulant. One, five, seven, or 10 ml. tube will assure an adequate sample. 5. The drawn sample should be centrifuged at 2500-3000 rpm for 10-30 minutes and the plasma removed to a clean glass test tube. This tube should be labeled with the employee's full name, social security number and date drawn. 
At least one ml of plasma should be submitted to the laboratory for testing. 6. The plasma and red cells should be packed in CLC fur-nished mailers along with the completed laboratory requisition 
slip for those samples. The sam-ples must be mailed the same day 
as they are drawn to ensure im-mediate lab testing of the samples. Otherwise, delayed testing may compromise the validity of the test results. Your samples will be processed within 24 hours upon arrival at 
CLC Labs. The final report will contain the actual cholinesterase levels, the normal ranges estab-lished in our laboratory, and 
specific notations for abnormal values for your immediate atten-tion. CLC's clinical laboratory staff may discuss the significance of 
cholinesterase values outside the 
established normal range with your physician and suggest alter-native methods to determine more 
specifically the source of this variance from the accepted normal range. An additional benefit to this program is the storing of your 
results at our archives for seven years, which will provide a sound data base for your employees' cholinesterase biomonitoring pro-gram. Philip A. Taylor (right), facobsen general manager of turf service, is briefed by Ralph Sylvester, Jr., company manager of product training, on new product service patches and certificates being used to motivate students toward proficiency in turf care equipment and maintenance and repair. New training 
logo appears on all materials including training workbooks. Field and factory training has been a primary activity at Jacobsen for the past 25 years, with over 10,000 distributor and customer personnel participating in the company's various programs. Jacobsen, Div. of Textron, Inc. is based in Racine, Wis. MONEYWISE Fuzzy on government labor guidelines? The U.S. Department of Labor has published a booklet to help business, particularly small employers, understand and comply with major laws and regulations administered by the depart-ment. The booklet could come in handy for lawn care 
businessmen puzzled by government guidelines. Entitled "Major Laws Administered by the U.S. Department of Labor Which Affect Small Business," the booklet describes in 
non-technical language the provisions of laws such as the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA), the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Occupational Safety and Health Act, and the Employee Retirement Income Security Act. The booklet briefly describes 20 laws and regulations, lists the agency within the department responsible for administering the law, and gives a regional address and phone number where 
employers can get more detailed information. Some of the laws 
described apply to all businesses; others apply only to those businesses working under, government contracts and subcon-tracts. Developed by the Labor Department's Office of Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization, the booklet may be 
obtained from the regional administrator of the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Administration and Management at the nearest office of the Department of Labor. RESEARCH Gypsum can aid lawn soil problems Much interest has been generated 
in the last several years on the application of gypsum to turfgrass areas as an answer to a variety of soil problems. Some appear to 
regard gypsum in the same light as 
a new wonder drug and swear by its miraculous cures of compac-tion, poor drainage and other long standing turf problems. According to Thomas R. Turner, extension turf specialist at the 
University of Maryland, almost all of these cases were in uncontrolled situations where a variety of man-
agement practices, such as fertili-zation and aerification, were 
changed at the same time to correct the existing problems. It is nearly impossible, there-fore, to determine whether the improvement in turf was due to the 
gypsum applications or to other management practices. Also, very little research has been conducted on the merits of gypsum applications to turfgrass 
areas. However, by understanding the properties of gypsum, one can at least make some judgments about the possible benefits of gyp-sum application. Gypsum is a combination of the calcium cation (Ca + +) and 
the sulfate anion (SO4). Each molecule of CaS04 is associated with two water molecules, thus the proper chemical formula for gyp-sum is CaS04 2H2O. The most immediate potential benefit of 
gypsum, therefore, is the calcium 
and sulfur nutrition of the turf plant. When one ton of gypsum per acre is applied, about 465 pounds of calcium and 372 pounds of sulfur is distributed. Calcitic or dolomitic limestone can also be used to supply calcium to the plant. However, gypsum and limestone differ in two essential 
ways. Gypsum is more soluble and has little effect on soil pH. Thus 
where the soil pH is in a desirable 
range, but soil calcium levels are believed to be too low in relation to magnesium or potassium, gypsum should be used. However, this is rarely neces-sary for turfgrasses. Whereas a certain calcium and magnesium 
balance is important in pasture grasses because of its effect on feeding animals, no turfgrass re-search has shown a detrimental 
calcium-magnesium imbalance 
effect. Thus, where both the soil pH and calcium are low, limestone 
applications should be made. Where soil pH is adequate, no nutritional benefit should be ex-pected from additional calcium 
applications. Of greater interest and probably greater benefit is the sulfur which is added when gypsum is applied. 
Although the research information is scant, indications are that sulfur deficiencies of turfgrasses are be-coming more common, possibly due to cleaner factory emissions 
over the years and the greater use of triple superphosphate instead of normal superphosphate which contained considerable sulfur. Some recent turfgrass studies have shown deficient responses to 
sulfur applications. Therefore, some of the beneficial responses attributed to gypsum applications 
may be related to sulfur nutrition. Another demonstrated benefit of gypsum is in the treatment of salt damaged and sodic soils by help-ing to increase the amount of 
sodium leached from the soil. The mechanisms are twofold. First, 
calcium from the gypsum can displace sodium from soil col-loids, with the result that sodium becomes leached. Secondly, part of the caustic sodium carbonates 
can be converted to sulfate which 
can be leached. Thus, soil previously unsuitable for turf growth because of high salt levels can be improved and used after gypsum applications and sufficient leaching. Typically, 
about one and a quarter tons of gypsum per acre are applied to a loam in Maryland to treat for salt 
damage. Less gypsum is needed on 
sandier soils, whereas more is needed on heavier soils. Perhaps the most controversial benefit of gypsum applications is its alleged relief of compaction and improvement of drainage. Advertisements often state that gypsum will turn heavy clays into an open, porous structure with improved rainage and better air 
and water movement. These types of results should only be expected where soil and 
sodium levels are abnormally high. Sodium will cause disper-
sion of the soil colloids, resulting in a lower percentage of large 
pores and thus poorer drainage. Calcium, on the other hand, encourages flocculation of soil colloids and thus more large pores. 
Addition of gypsum to soils with higher sodium levels, therefore, should primarily displace some sodium from the soil colloids which can be removed through leaching. It can also improve drainage by encouraging floccu-lation of soil colloids. Most soils in Maryland on which turfgrass is being grown do not have substantial sodium, how-
ever. None of the predominant cations (hydrogen, calcium, potas-
sium, magnesium, aluminum, iron) found in Maryland soils cause dispersion of the soil col-loids. Thus, major improvements 
in soil structure and drainage should not be expected from gyp-sum applications. If surfur or calcium levels are low enough to cause a turfgrass nutritional deficiency, then im-provement of turfgrass growth and the turfgrass root system could result in some improvement in the soil structure in the top four to six 
inches of soil. But this would be a slow process. More research is needed on gypsum for use in turfgrass areas, according to Dr. Turner. It cer-tainly has a place in treatment of salt damaged land and as a source 
of the nutrients calcium and sul-
fur. Quick cures of compaction and drainage problems of Mary-land soils, however, are not likely to occur with gypsum applica-
tions. ANNOUNCING a remarkable Multi-Purpose Spreader. MODEL T-7 The most advanced light weight spreader in decades. Warren's new T-7 spreads seed, fertilizers, herbicides, and insecticides up to 20 feet wide with a precise accuracy that assures correct disbursements on one pass. Ł Large fingertip control knob. Ł Continuous moving interior agitator. Ł Innovative directional flow control. Ł Stainless steel and plastic heavy duty construction. Ł Enclosed and protected gear and main drive shaft. Distributor and dealerships available. TURF NURSERY, INC. Phone: 312/974-3000 8400 West 111th. Street Palos Hills, Illinois 60465 FOR SALE Ready to spray lawns. 1977 Chevrolet C-50. 350 C.I.D. Complete liquid delivery system. 4 speed manual with single speed axle. 137" W.B. 800 gallon tank. Mechanical agitation system. Hydraulic power. Wanner 
D-10 pump. Power wind-up reel holds 500' of V2" hose. Easy conversion to flat bed. 
Several units available. Low mileage, good condition. CHEMLAWN CORPORATION A/C 614/888-3572 Phil Cartmille Write 144 on reader service card Write 106 on reader service card 'Patented MOTORLESS LIQUID CHEMICAL SPREADER The WS-480 Grounds Wheelie is the best designed, highest quality, most accurate and trouble-free liquid applicator manufactured. It features a motorless, ground-driven pumping system which does not require gasoline, batteries, cords or water hoses. The Grounds Wheelie is used to apply liquid fertilizers, herbicides, fungicides, insecticides and growth regulators. The twin wheel pumps spray a fan of solution 6' wide at 1000 sq. ft. per gallon. Coverage is relatively unchanged by the speed at which the sprayer is pushed. The faster it is pushed, the faster it pumps. The pumping system and the (6) gallon container are made of corrosive resistant materials. The spray comes from (2) nozzles in the form of tiny droplets providing a steady, uniform application which greatly reduces costly chemical drifting. The frame is fabricated of heavy gauge steel with fold-up booms. Ihe shut-off controls are located on the handle grips. (Other models and sizes available.) WHEEL SPRAY CORP. Box 97. Delafield, Wl 53018 Š PH: (414) 646 8640 Write 145 on reader sen/ice card USE NITROFORM ® TM IN YOUR SPRAYS TO AVOID There are more acres of ornamental turf in many states than any other "crop." Because of that, overapplication of water-soluble nitrogen may constitute a major source of nitrates in groundwater. You can avoid the problem by using slow-release, water insoluble formulations containing 38% Powder BlueMNitroform.® Nitroform ureaform nitrogen is ecologically responsible. There is little or no leaching. No salt build-up, and it helps grass maintain good, green color between feedings. You can feed the roots while you feed the tops and still avoid flush top growth. Quick-release nitrogens feed the tops, resulting in too much top growth, with little or no root growth. Nitroform Powder Blue does not burn or streak. It can be mixed and applied with insect-icides and fungicides. Be environmentally responsible. Use Nitroform 38% nitrogen in your lawn sprays. If 
you prefer a dry product, specify Blue Chip*. Call your turf supplier or write for more information. NITROFORM THE LONGEST FEEDING HIGH ANALYSIS ORGANIC NITROGEN. Ł Ł Ł Ł Ł FBC Chemicals, Inc. 4311 Lancaster Pike, Post Office Box 2867, Wilmington, Delaware 19805 © 1981 Š FBC Chemicals, Inc. CHEMICALS Using soil amendments on established lawns lish a turf make it imperative that only good liming materials be used and only when needed. Questionable materials should not be used even though they are cheaper. One means of applying liming agents which golf course superin-tendents have used is to mix the appropriate amount of lime with topdressing soil and topdress after coring. This allows some of the lime to be applied somewhat lower in the soil. In several parts of the country, liming agents are not needed be-cause soil pH is naturally high or is increased due to irrigation with 
water high in bases. A soil pH increase from 6.4 to 7.2 in a sandy soil after six years of intensive irrigation has been reported. Soil testing is the only dependa-ble means of being sure of the need 
for pH adjustment. When sampl-ing the soil under established turf conditions, the depth of sampling 
is very important. Follow the rec-ommendations of the laboratory which is conducting the soil tests. Acidifying agents. In many areas soil pH is much higher than desired, leading to reduced av-ailability of certain micro-nutrients, especially iron. Some turf managers are interested in reducing pH, although the poten-tial for turf injury from improper application is high. Any attempt to reduce pH should be approached very carefully Acidifying agents include the use of acidifying nitrogen fertiliz-ers, elemental sulfur, or possibly 
ferrous sulfate or aluminum sul-
fate. The latter two can be highly toxic to turf so their use to reduce soil pH is not recommended. Ferr-ous sulfate is used to provide iron to the turf as a foliar treatment, but at much lower rates than are 
needed to lower soil pH. Acidifying nitrogen fertilizers include ammonium sulfate, am-monium phosphate, ammonium 
nitrate, urea, and any slow release fertilizer which forms ammonia in 
the soil. As the ammonia is nit-Many of the principles of soil management which apply to ag-ricultural crops also apply very 
nicely to turfgrass soil manage-ment as well. But unlike most farmers, the turf manager normally does not have the opportunity to 
mix chemical soil with the soil by 
plowing. This results in some unique situations for turf. According to Dr. Paul Rieke of Michigan State University, fer-tilizers and other chemicals applied to established turfs are left at the surface of the soil or in the 
thatch layer. Nutrients which are in a water soluble form (like nitrogen) can be leached down into the root zone. Other nutrients, like phosphate, are much less soluble and are left at the surface. Gradually the applied material may move downward with water. Thus when using low solubility, persistent chemicals, the turf 
manager must exercise caution to prevent a potentially harmful buildup of the chemical in a concentrated zone near the sur-face. Liming agents. The objective of liming is to raise the pH of an acid 
soil to a more desirable level. Most 
grasses grow well between pH 5.5 and 7.5 with the ideal range from 6.0 to 7.0. Above 7.5, some grasses exhibit micronutrient deficien-
cies, especially iron. Below pH 5.5, the effects of high acidity tend to reduce root growth. In very acid soils certain ele-ments become highly soluble and can reach toxic levels for plants. Raising soil pH to reduce the toxic level of these elements is a practice which costs little and is easily practiced. Soil pH has a number of effects on soil and plants including af-fecting nutrient transformations in the soil, soil macro and micro-organism activities, organic matter decomposition, development of toxic levels of certain nutrients, turfgrass rooting, and competition 
among the plant species in the turf. Obviously, soil pH can have a very significant effect on what happens in the soil and therefore, influence the management prac-tices required. Since liming agents are applied to the soil surface, the turf manager should be careful to note whether the lime recommendations are based on mixing the lime with a given depth of soil. Recommendations for liming agricultural soils often call for mixing the lime to a depth of nine inches of soil or more. If the same rate of lime were applied to estab-lished turf a pH well above the 
desired range would result in the 
surface layer. Be sure your recom-mendations are made with estab-
lished turf in mind. In selecting a liming agent one should evaluate particle size, speed of reaction in the soil, cost, magnesium content, ease of han-dling, whether the material is caustic, and purity of the material. When applying liming materi-als, if one desires a rapid pH change, a finer grind of limestone is suggested. If magnesium is low in the soil, dolomitic limestone is recommended if available. The use of hydrated or quick lime materials is suggested only in unusual circumstance where rapid pH change is essential. These 
materials are hard-to-handle pow-
ders and can be caustic. The slag materials vary widely in chemical content with variable contents of magnesium, phos-phorus, and manganese, among 
other nutrients, as well as in 
neutralizing value. Be sure you know the chemical content of the slag before using on turf. This is true for any liming material, of course. The cost and trouble to reestab-The faster you can get your customers back in their yards, the happier they are. New SEVIN® SL car-baryl insecticide keeps them very happy. Because SEVIN ranks low in toxicity to people, animals, birds and fish, when compared to other insecticides. So customers can use treated areas as soon as spray driesŠ without en-
during harsh odors. SEVIN SL keeps you happy, too. It's a new water-based liquid there's a SEVIN carbaryl formulation that's right for the job. From new SEVIN SL and new SEVIN 20% 
Bait to a variety of spray -
ables, wettable powders, granules and dusts for special uses. Contact your pesticide supplier for sensible SEVIN. It's pest control with peace of mind. SEVIN IS THE ANSWER. UNION CARBIDE AGRICULTURAL PROOUCTS COMPANY. INC.. 7825 Baymeodows Way. Jacksonville. FL 32216 SEVIN is a registered trademark for carbaryl insecticide As with any pesticide, always follow instructions on the label that's easy to handle, mix and clean-up. It may be easy on you and your customers, but SEVIN SL is tough on pests. Especially popular for fleas, SEVIN SL also stops ants, ticks, chinch bugs, sod webworms, mos-quitoes, and many more lawn pests. Whatever the problem, ND NOW INTRODUCING THE EVIN LIQUID YOU'VE BEEN CARBARYL INSECTICIDE ^ OOKING FOR. NEW SEVIN SL. CARBARYL INSECTICIDE ALL THE BENEFITS OF SEVIN IN AN EASY-TO-USE LIOUID. It's a convenient new liquid with a water base. Easy handling. Easy clean-up. And more. It's new SEVIN * SL carbaryl insecticide. And it's perfect for most kinds of profes-sional grounds maintenance. Because it controls more than 40 pests that attack turf, trees, flowers and shrubs. It's compatible with many fungi-cides, miticides and insecticides. And people are free to use grounds as soon as spray dries. No handling hassles. No objec-tionable odor No re-entry restrictions. New liquid SEVIN SL-now available at your pesticide supplier. SEVIN is a registered trademark for carbaryl insecticide As with any pesticide, always follow instructions on the label. Union Carbide Agricultural Products Company. Inc . 7825 Baymeadows Way. Jacksonville. FL 32216 "It is wise to use no more than five to 10 pounds of sulfur per 1,000 square feet per application with the five pound rate being preferred," says Michigan State's Dr. Paul Rieke. "Applications could be made spring and fall with a maximum of 10 to 15 pounds per year. 
It may take several years to lower pH, but it is better to be cautious rified to nitrate by soil micro-organisms, hydrogen ions are re-leased in the soil causing acidifi-cation. As an example of using acidify-ing fertilizers effectively, one su-perintendent in Michigan used ammonium sulfate on a green at the rate of four pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet annually. After years the soil pH in the 0-2 inch depth was 6.8; at 2-4 inches, 7.4; and at 4-6 inches, 7.6. In another study applying 14 pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet annually to a loam soil 
over a six year period reduced soil pH in the 0-2 inch depth to 5.2, while it was 6.8 at 2-4 inches and 7.4 at 4-6 inches. When such rates of acidifying nitrogen carriers are utilized it is essential to test the soil more often to prevent de-
veloping serious pH problems in 
the surface layer. Using acidifying nitrogen car-riers may not change pH, however. In another study ammonium nit-
rate rates as high as 16 pounds of 
nitrogen per 1,000 square feet annually for seven years did not change pH because this was offset by irrigating with water drawn from a limestone acquifier. 
Throughout the study the soil pH remained at 7.5 to 7.7 on all plots. 
Each irrigation produced a "mini-liming." Elemental sulfur has been used effectively to lower soil pH, but must be used very carefully. Obvi-ously, excessive applications of sulfur can result in drastic pH 
changes in the surface layer with 
serious injury or death of the turf resulting. There are several different types of sulfur materials which could be 
applied to lower pH. These in-
clude crystalline, granular, pow-der, or sulfur mixed with complete fertilizers. The powder form reacts 
very rapidly so lower rates should 
be used per application. The large granular crystals may take more than a year to decompose and react in the soil. It is wise to use no more than five to 10 pounds of sulfur per 1,000 square feet per application with the five pound rate being prefer-red. Applications could be made spring and fall with a maximum of 10 to 15 pounds per year. It may take several years to lower pH, but it is better to be cautious. Sulfur applications should only be made during non-stress periods, such as spring and fall. Do not lower pH on turf where cal-
cium arsenate has been used in the past for annual bluegrass control. If the soil becomes quite acid, the arsenate becomes more available and serious turf loss could occur. As more sophisticated systems are developed for fertilizer injec-tion into the irrigation water, there arises the possibility of injecting acid into the water for lowering 
soil pH. This practice is not rec-ommended unless you very care-fully check to be sure that the proper rate of acid is being applied and that the irrigation system will tolerate the acid. Gypsum. For soil high in ex-changeable sodium (sodic soils), gypsum has been used effectively to replace the sodium on the soil cation exchange sites. The sodium can then be leached as sodium sulfate. Good drainage and excess irri-gation water (or rainfall) are needed to move the sodium well 
out of the rooting zone. When this occurs there can be a dramatic improvement in the physical properties of soil resulting in bet-ter turf. There has been a suggestion that gypsum can be used to improve the physical properties of fine textured, non-sodic soils under 
turf conditions. This should be evaluated carefully. Soil conditioners. There has been occasional interest in the use of soil conditioners for improving 
the physical properties of turf soils. Although there is some pro-mise with the use of such materi-als, there are many problems to be solved yet, so soil conditioners 
cannot be recommended for turf at this time. Wetting agents. Localized dry spots can be a deterrent to main-taining a beautiful, uniform turf. There can be a number of causes of to page 36 Beautified lawns. Satisfied customers RYAN LAWNAIRE III RYAN THIN-N-THATCH Thins . .. weeds .. . opens soil for seeds. That's results from Ryan, Whether you use your aerators and power rakes in your turf maintenance business, or you rent them to first-time users, you're looking for the same day-in, day-out performance. You get it with quality Ryan® Turf-Care Equipment. Because every piece of Ryan equipment has its roots in the golf course industry, where the name Ryan 
has stood for quality since 1948. And we build the same precision and accuracy into our lawn aerators and power rakes. The self-propelled Lawnaire® III, for example, makes it easy to aerate like a pro. Just fill the ballast drum with water to add up to 50 pounds of weight, and get up to 2V2" of penetration. The 19-inch width of 
the Lawnaire III Aerator helps you make quick work 
of big lawns, with 30 spoon tines penetrating the turf every 7 inches. Transporting the Lawnaire III is quick and easy, too, with the optional Tote Trailer. The gutsy 7-hp Ryan Ren-O-Thin® IV and economical 5-hp Ren-O-Thin III Power Rakes handle those big dethatching jobs with a wide 18" swath. Both feature a floating front axle and micro-screw height adjustment for setting the proper dethatching depth you need. And a choice of three optional blade reels let you, or your customers, dethatch according to turf conditions. The easy-to-operate 3-hp Ryan Thin-N-ThatchŽ makes dethatching less of a chore. It has a 15" cutting width and fold-down handle for easy transportation. Combine that with easily adjustable cutting heights and durable carbon steel flail blades and you've got a great rental machine. With Ryan lawn care equipment, you get more for your moneyŠand your customers do, too. To 
discover how easy it is to get professional results with Ryan, contact your local Ryan dealer. SI-CUR-4 RYAN EQUIPMENT Day-ln, Day-Out Performance 2033 Cushman. P. O. Box 82409 Lincoln, NE 68501 Call: 402-435-7208 SOIL AMENDMENTS from page 35 localized dry spots on turf. One of these is the development of hydrophobic condition on sandy soils. Water does not penetrate into such soils, but runs off to adjacent areas. Suggested solutions to the hydrophobic soil problem are the use of wetting agents and cultiva-tion, primarily by coring. There was considerable variability among the wetting agents studied in terms of their ability to bring about rewetting of the hydro-phobic sand. The most effective among the group studied was Hydro-Wet, followed by Aqua-Gro. Other ma-
terials had to be used at considera-
bly higher rates to achieve even some rewetting. Wetting agent treatment re-sponses varied from one applica-tion date to another so repeat applications in the same growing 
season were found to result in the most consistent responses. The localized dry spot problem tended to recur from one year to the next. It is important to identify areas which are prone to the problem and treat early in the season to prevent serious development of the hydrophobic condition. Treatments applied in July and August sometimes did not result in turf recovery until the next 
spring even though the soil was 
rewet by the treatment the first year. Wetting agents should also be used carefully since they can cause injury to the turf, especially if 
treated during heat or moisture stress period. Treatments should 
always be watered in to aid the movement of the wetting agent into the soil and to reduce the potential for phytotoxicity to the turf. This story is from a talk given by Dr. Rieke at the 32nd Northwest Turfgrass Conference held in Richland, Wash. Lawn Medic, Inc., Rochester, N.Y., recently honored its corporate managers and franchise dealers posting sales of from $250,000 to $1 million. From left are: Rill Michaelsen, Lawn Medic of Irondequoit/Rochester; John Nugent, Lawn Medic of Monroe and Genesee counties in New York; Patrick Lenihan, Lawn Medic of Winston-Salem, N.C.; Doug Squires, Lawn Medic of Greensboro/High Point, N.C.; company president Don Burton; Richard Ramadon, Lawn Medic of Orange, 
Conn.; Tom Cusack, Lawn Medic ofWeirtonlOhio VaJiey; Lou Bower, Lawn Medic of Peoria,/Pekin, 111.; Ken Lahr, Lawn Medic of Wheeling, W. Va.; Terry Raughman, Lawn Medic of Oil CitylMeadville, Pa.; Harry Raffa, Lawn Medic of SyracuseI Utica/Albany, N.Y.; and Nap Moquin, Lawn Medic of Haverhill, Mass. and Salem, N.H. VIRGINIA GOOSEGRASS SILVER CRABGRASS CR0WSF00T What you call it can't make it go away ...but Balan can. Depending on where you are, Goosegrass gets called a lot of things. But no matter where you are, nobody calls Goose-grass an early riser. It doesn't get up and get growing with regular crabgrass in early spring. Goosegrass waits to make its appearance until six Write 110 on reader service card to eight weeks after crabgrass germinates. And by the time 
you see it, there's not much you can do about it. But an applica-tion of Balan just before it begins to germinate is all it takes to put an end to your Goosegrass problems. Ask your Elanco distributor salesman to help you work out a full-course Balan program. Elanco Products Company a division of Eli Lilly and Company Department E-455 Indianapolis, Indiana 46285 ELANCO .Balan Mole cricket is potential invader Mole crickets are serious pests of turfgrass in many southeastern states, according to William H. Robinson, extension specialist in entomology at Virginia Tech. They have recently been reported in eastern Virginia tunneling under the soil and feeding on grass roots. While the insects have not reached pest status in Virginia yet, the potential for them seems great. The turfgrass ecosystem is a dynamic, ever changing commu-nity of plants, animals, and bac-teria, says Mr. Robinson. Any member of this community can rise to pest status within a few 
years (as did the black Ataenius 
beetle). Mole crickets certainly have this potential, and informa-tion on their life cycle, biology, habits and control may help in 
early detection and suppression of 
the pest population. Biology. Mole crickets over-winter as adults in tunnels below the soil surface. In May and June the adults come to the surface, fly about, mate, and lay eggs. The eggs 
are deposited in hollow chambers 
tunneled in the soil. The mole cricket goes through about eight nymphal forms before becoming an adult. Damage. A mole cricket tun-neling through the soil, feeding on 
turfgrass roots produces three 
types of damage. First, they create ridges in the soil surface which looks as if a miniature mole had been working there. Secondly, 
they feed upon grass roots. And finally, uprooting the grass by tunneling subjects the plant to dessication. Mole crickets can also cause severe damage to bermuda 
grass. On golf courses, they often start on the border of traps and greens before moving in. Control. There are insecticide sprays and baits labelled for con-trolling mole crickets. Good re-sults have been reported with Dursban, Baygon, and diazinon. Sprays can be used in the spring, but the turf should be irrigated 
beforehand to help move the pests close to the surface. Recom-mended baits are to two percent Baygon, one-half percent Dursban, and two percent malathion, to be 
applied in the spring and fall. Double-duty turf beauty Ł Ł Ł *' *Ł Ł Ł Ł Ł mmm J* " i 1. V - ''ij mrXM % iMfk aa'Jf JBI'nJT The elite bluegrass growing in the sun is Glade. The elite bluegrass growing in the shade is Glade. That makes it the natural choice for all lawns. It performs well in up to 60% 
shade with a higher resistance to powdery mildew. Addi-tionally, Glade tias better-than-average resistance to Fu-
sarium blight It's now used as a prime ingredient for forti-fication in many professional turf grass mixes. A Rutgers selection, Glade has outstanding medium to deep green color. Low-growing Glade germinates and establishes fast, developing a thick rhizome and root system for close-knit sod. The natural choice. U.S. Plant Patent 3151 KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS : ^Jul* < Ł i -' , -> z n > B w 2 a c 
c/J H 
23 H 03 38 DQ W 
U, C/D D Q 2 < U z £ VARIETIES Pros/cons of zoysia use in California S. Pressley Coker, president of the American Seed Trade Association (left), was photographed with principal speaker, Dr. John B. Pittner, of the South Carolina Pee Dee Experimental Station, at the recent annual convention of the Atlantic Seedsmen's Association held in Charleston, W. Va. Dr. Pittner spoke on lawn and turf grasses in the Carolinas. Don Gruenbaum of O. M. Scott Sr Sons, Marysville, 
Ohio was elected president of the group. Charles Kindsvater of Otis Twilley Seed Co. is past president. Zoysiagrass requires less mainte-nance than most other turfgrasses, according to Victor Youngner, professor of agronomy at the 
University of California. Good zoysia turf can be maintained with less fertilizer, water, and mowing. Its slow growth may be a prob-lem during establishment, but once established, this becomes an advantage. Although generally a home lawn turf, zoysia has been 
used successfully in golf courses, playgrounds and parks. Zoysias are warm-season turf-grasses first introduced into the United States early in this century from east Asia. They consist of 
three closely related species, Zoysia japonica, Japanese lawn-grass; Z. matrella, Manillagrass; LESCOSAN CONTROL CRABGRASS MORE EFFECTIVELY than any other pre-emergence herbicide. - CONTROL CRABGRASS LONGER than any other pre-emergence herbicide. - BE APPLIED WITH CONFIDENCE Lescosan is labeled for bents. Lescosan does not damage grass roots or thin turf. BE PURCHASED NOW IN CONVENIENT FORMS. The patented ChemLawn Gun. The best gun in the business Lescosan 4E is competitively priced, an emulsifiable concentrate, not a wettable powder, for ease in mixing and application. In addition to Lescosan 7G and 12.5G, Lescosan 3.6G + Fertilizer is available in a formulation to provide 
cleaner, greener turf with one application. LESCOSAN CAN DO ALL THIS. CAN YOU AFFORD TO BUY ANYTHING ELSE? Lescosan* (Betasan-registered trademark of Stauffer Chemical Co.) CALL BARB. SHE'LL TAKE YOUR ORDER. (800) 321-5325ŠNationwide (800) 362-7413ŠIn Ohio LESC^ PRODUCTS Division of Lakeshore Equipment & Supply Co. 300 South Abbe Road, Elyria, Ohio 44035 (216)323-7544 and Z. tenuifolia, Korean velvet-grass or Macarenegrass. Many botanists and agronomists consider them to be botanical varieties of a single species, be-cause they hybridize readily and have the same chromosome number. They vary in texture from the extremely fine Z. tenuifolia to side-leaved Z. japonica. The former is used as a ground cover and is not well adapted to mowing as a turf. Two cultivars are generally available today Š Meyer, a strain 
of Japanese lawngrass, and Emerald, a hybrid between Z. japonica and Z. tenuifolia. Meyer is not recommended for California because of its long dormant period and its slowness in establishment. Selected similar strains may be grown by California turfgrass nur-series. New, well-adapted cul-tivars may be available soon from the University of California breeding program. To ensure satisfaction, planting material 
should be obtained from local California growers or nurseries. Zoysia can be grown in all the areas of California where summers are warm and winters mild. It thrives under high temperatures but begins to lose color when temperatures drop below 50 de-grees F for several consecutive 
nights. Light frosts turn it straw 
color. Emerald zoysia often remains green throughout the winter in 
coastal southern California. The length of the winter dormant period varies with location and 
weather from a few days to several months. Zoysia makes a dark green turf resembling Kentucky bluegrass during its growing season. Al-though it spreads by stolons and 
rhizomes similarly to bermuda-grass, its slow growth rate makes it easier to contain and keep out of 
flowerbeds or shrub plantings. 
Zoysia forms a very dense sod and is highly resistant to wear from foot traffic. Its leaves are stiffer 
than those of Kentucky bluegrass or bermudagrass. Advantages. It is heat tolerant and thrives under high summer temperatures. It has a deep, extensive root system that makes it drought toler-
ant and able to use water effi-
ciently. Watering can be less fre-
quent than with most other turf-grasses. It makes a permanent lawn with few insect or disease problems. Because of its slow growth, mowing and edging are required 
less frequently than with many turfgrasses. It makes a satisfactory turf with less nitrogen fertilizer than is required for most turfgrasses. It is tolerant of salt and of urine from dogs. It will grow in light to moderate shade. Disadvantages. In all but the mildest areas of the state, it has dormant periods of varying lengths, at which time color will be poor. Because it grows slowly, a full summer or more will be required to form a solid turf. It is more expensive to establish than most turfgrasses. Thatch may build up on the soil surface, inhibiting water infiltra-tion and causing scalping when mowed. Its toughness and density re-quire the use of a sharp power mower, preferably a reel type. It does not tolerate excessively wet or poorly drained soils. Planting. Zoysia is usually planted vegetatively with plugs of sod or sprigs. Seeds are not used to start a zoysia lawn because plants do not grow true from seed and will not make a satisfactory turf. In plugging, the plugs of sod approximately two inches in diameter and two to three inches 
deep are set into the prepared lawn surface at six to 12 inch intervals. The closer spacing will give more rapid coverage but, of course, will be more expensive. Sprigging is done by planting the sprigs in rows four to six inches apart, partially covering them with soil but leaving tips exposed. If the supply of planting material is large, the sprigs may be broadcast over the prepared soil surface, rolled, and topdressed with soil or mulch. Sprigs must not be allowed to dry out at any time and the soil must be kept moist after planting until new growth is well estab-lished. Nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of one half to one pound of actual nitrogen per 1,000 square feet should be applied before plugging 
or sprigging. Phosphorus and potash fertilizer should also be applied at this time, if needed. A small amount of organic or slow-release nitrogen fertilizer placed at the bottom of the hole before the plug is set has been shown to improve the rate of spread. Sprigging is less expensive than plugging and usually gives a more 
rapid rate of cover. However, care of sprigs, especially watering, is more critical during the estab-
lishment period. Zoysia plugs may be set into an old lawn of other grasses and will gradually take 
over during a period of two to three 
years. The best time for planting is spring and early summer. Zoysia care. Mow zoysia lawns at one-half to one inch. Because of its slow growth rate, zoysia may need mowing only once every 10 
to 14 days during most of the year. A rotary mower may be used, but a 
smoother, neater surface will be obtained with a reel mower. Light, frequent applications of a soluble material such as am-monium nitrate during fall, 
winter, and spring will help maintain cool weather color. Usu-ally, a quarter pound of actual 
nitrogen per 1,000 square feet monthly from October to March 
will do the job. If the lawn becomes dormant, fertilization should be discon-tinued until warmer spring weather. Applications of one 
pound of nitrogen in April and June will usually keep a zoysia lawn looking good through the summer. In many areas, irrigation with one inch of water per week keeps a zoysia turf green throughout the summer. The actual needs vary with soil type and weather but, in general, are much less than those of most turfgrasses other than bermuda. Rolling of the leaves and de-velopment of a deep blue-green color indicate a need for water. Because zoysia has a deep root 
system, the soil should be kept moist to several feet in depth. 
During droughts or water short-
ages, zoysia will remain alive, although poor in color, with greatly reduced amounts of water. Most zoysia lawns will build up a thatch of dead, undecomposed plant material in time. Mechanical removal of thatch with a revovator or vertical mower may then be 
required. This must be done well 
before fall to allow ample time for 
regrowth. In most areas, April or May would be an excellent time. Fall renovations and over-seeding as done on bermuda are not recom-
mended. Application of a good preemergence herbicide im-
mediately after thatch removal will prevent weed invasion during the recovery period. A group of more than 50 French turf maintenance professionals participated in tours and turf care presentations hosted by Jacobsen Div. of Textron, Inc. recently at company headquarters in Racine, Wis. The Jacobsen program was part of a two-week turf management study tour sponsored by Marly-Orag, S.A., Arpajon, France, exclusive French distributor for Jacobsen turf products sold through Orag Inter Ltd., Baden, Switzerland. An audio-visual presentation describing the company's full line of turf and commercial products was conducted by Roger Thomas, vice president of international sales, and Richard Nelson, director of international sales. Delphi KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS qreener, purer thicker THE BEST SEED SHOULD DO MORE THAN GROW GREEN GRASS ADELPHI averaged best over 35 other bluegrasses for uniformity in turf growth and density, disease resistance, drought, heat and color and is completely free of noxious weeds. ADELPHI does more than grow green grass. It gives you a GREENER, THICKER, FINER turf. Try it one time, you'll never use any other. _ . . ' For information, contact: J & L ADIKES, INC. Jamaica, N Y. 11423 NORTHRUP KING CO. Minneapolis, Minn 55413 VAUGHAN-JACKLIN CORP. Bound Brook, N.J. 08805 Downers Grove, III 60515 Post Falls, Idaho 83854 ROTHWELL SEEDS LTD. Box 511, Lindsay Ont. Canada K9V 4L9 Other International Inquiries NORTHRUP KING CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 55413 University of Minnesota The GREENER Kentucky Bluegrass THE SOUTH Solving 'spring root die-back' Researchers from Texas A & M University in Austin have shed new light on the phenomenon 'spring root die-back,' which oc-
curs when the roots of bermuda and St. Augustinegrass turn brown during spring green-up, reports John Hall, extension turf specialist at Virginia Tech. The phenomenon has now been observed for four years and in-
volves the rapid dying of the overwintered root system in the spring in association with the green-up of bermudagrass. Roots that are white and healthy at the time of first leaf initiation rapidly turn brown in as short a period as 24 hours. The bermuda and St. Augustinegrass appear to be with-out a living root system during this variable period of root establish-ment. Observations made in 1979 on Tifgreen bermudagrass by the Texas researchers indicate that root browning occured over an 
eight day period after the first appearance of new green leaves in the spring. The mechanism controlling spring root die-back has not been substantiated. However, it appears 
that the rate of root regeneration can be affected by available carbo-
hydrate levels. The researchers have noted that supplemental applications of carbohydrate (five pounds sucrose per acre) did increase root regen-eration growth rates by as much as 67 percent. The carbohydrate ap-plications did not prevent the root die-back phenomenon, suggesting a more sophisticated mechanism is in control of the initiation of root 
die-back. Problems. The thought of man-aging any turf without a root system for any period of time is frightening to the agronomist, says Mr. Hall. There is a whole host of potential problems that could arise on bermudagrass turf during this period of root regeneration. Needless to say, many of these problems have been observed in the past without the knowledge that it was happening, because there was no functional root sys-tem under the bermudagrass. During this period of root regen-eration there is increased likeli-hood of injury to the bermudagrass from low temperature, herbicide application, drying winds, traffic, diseases, insects and possible nut-rient deficiency. Pesticide appli-cations that are not phytotoxic during mid-summer may be more harmful during this root regenera-
tion period. Solutions. Obviously, as a greater understanding of the root die-back phenomenon emerges, the question of how bermudagrass 
turf should be managed during this critical period will be more appropriately answered. But, given the current state of knowl-edge, it appears that the following management programs would minimize the likelihood of bermudagrass being damaged Professional SPRAY EQUIPMENT AT AN ECONOMICAL COST!!! DEPENDABLE ACCURATE Ł ECONOMICAL Your spray company is different than others so you need a sprayer tailored to your needs. That's why the Professional Turf Specialties system is used by lawn spray companies from Chicago to Texas. No other system can suspend large particles such as IBDU and nitroform and offer a separate tank that allows you to mix one product, one lawn at a time, through an inductor as well as these features: 1) A pumping system that can load or unload itself and other trucks. 2) Remote throttle tachometer and pressure gauge for finite accuracy. 3) Ability to suspend slow release nitrogen such as IBDU® or nitroform. 4) (on be mounted on your present equipment or on any new truck. 5) Optional compartmentalized tank, allowing you to fill one section from the other and custom mix chemicals on the job through an inductor. Professional Turf Specialties CALL COLLECT ( 309 ) 454-2467 SUPPLIERS OF EQUIPMENT AND CHEMICALS FOR TURF MAINTAINENCE 1801 INDUSTRAL PARK RD. Ł NORMAL, ILLINOIS 61761 Leasing program available Write 131 on reader service card during the root regeneration period. 1. Avoid cultivating bermuda-grass turf during this critical root regeneration period. 2. Delay soluble nitrogen appli-cations until after the bermuda-grass has regenerated its root sys-tem. 3. Delay mowing during this period. 4. Raise the height of the mower in the spring to maximize the plant's ability to generate carbo-hydrate. It can be lowered after adequate root regeneration has 
occurred. 5. Delay herbicide applications until after root regeneration. Obvi-ously, this may not be possible in situations where preemergence 
herbicides are being used for crab-grass control. However, broadleaf herbicide (2,4-D, dicamba and MCPP) applications can be de-layed without much negative ef-fect. 6. Be certain adequate phos-phorus and potassium soil test 
levels are being maintained to 
promote maximum rooting de-velopment. 7. Be prepared to control disease and insect activity that may occur during this critical period. 8. Be prepared to irrigate during this critical root die-back period. As greater understanding of the bermudagrass root die-back phenomenon emerges through re-search and observation, ap-proaches to managing bermuda-grass will change. Several questions now need to be answered by the researchers, according to Mr. Hall. Can it be stopped to allow development of a perennial root system? Do bermudagrass roots actually func-
tion in mid-winter, or do they die early in the winter, leaving the bermudagrass without a func-tioning root system most of the winter. The new research has inevitably led to further questions 
which must be investigated. MARKETING IDEA FILE One stop, two sales This year, with the increased number of lawn care firms available, the homeowner may begin to take a closer look at the types of services offered by each. Some companies maintain a "lawns only" strategy in an effort to increase market penetra-
tion. Others are opting for a broader spectrum of services. The 
benefits of this are two fold. New customers are often sold on the company that can satisfy a range of immediate and future needs. Also, existing customers frequently expand service as more options become available. Tree feeding is one important service that should be considered. Homeowners are increasingly aware of the need to feed tress, but they may hestiate to do it themselves. This can make it an appealing part of the "total package" offered by a lawn care service. Tree fertilizer spikes are one method which has attracted considerable attention within the industry. 
According to Dick Grandy, national sales manager for Inter-national Spike, Inc. of Lexington, Kentucky, "Fertilizer spikes are a low investment, low labor method of feeding trees and shrubs. Spikes can be hammered into the ground around a tree in just a few minutes. The nutrients are released slowly, so feeding continues throughout the growing season with just one 
application." WffPEK PfflfflwflW AQUA-GROT YOUR KEY TO MORE SATISFIED CUSTOMERS Irregular growth of turf in stratified soil when maintained with plain water. x Recovery of same area * in two weeks when 
J maintained with ' Aqua-Gro and water J Aqua-Gro eliminates hard-to-wet areas like banks, slopes, hard spots Ł Compensates tor variations in soil mixtures, soil stratification and lawn contours Ł Enhances the response to all chemicals, reducing chemical costs Ł Allows for the rewetting of B & B stock and the establishment of sod Ł Eliminates seed floating Ł Reduces heat and drought stress Ł Reduces disease Ł Complete water management for a more uniform lawn care program. AQUA-GRO is available in liquid concentrate or spreadable granular. For free illustrated brochure write to: AQUATROLS CORPORATION Sffi* OF AMERICA, INC. 1432 Union Ave., Pennsauken, New Jersey 08110(609)665-1130 oA Widely Tested and Highly Rated Superior New Kentucky Uluegrass At a wide variety of locations, in comprehensive trials, Merit Kentucky Bluegrass has proven itself one of the better new varieties on numerous counts. Merit consistently rated high in disease-resistance, turf quality and color. Merit produces a dense, dark 
green, high quality turf, and has also shown good resistance to leaf and dollar spot. Merit was also lauded for its excellent spring color in tests at several locations. J-Tere's How Merit Has Performed ŁNE'57 TESTS IN 1972 Š Overall, Merit's rating was superior to that of Pennstar, Fylking, Geronimo, Nugget, Park and Glade. Ł Five-year New Jersey trial Š Merit out-ranked Baron, Nugget, Kenblue, Park, Delft, Windsor and Geronimo. Ł New York trial Š Merit ranked above Baron, Kenblue and Park. Three-year Ohio trial (two locations) Š Location # 1, Merit rated above Nugget, Fylking and Kenblue. Location # 2, Merit's ratings superior to Baron, Nugget, Kenblue and Fylking. Four-year Missouri trial Š in season-long turf-
quality ratings, Merit highest in a field which included Baron, Bristol, Fylking, Nugget, and Bonnieblue. MERIT HiENTUCKYcBLUEGRASS... ...IT'S WORTH LOOKING INTO A Product of " inTERDRTIOnRb SEEDS, inc. PO. Box 168, Halsey, Oregon 97348 Telephone (503) 369-2251 TWX 510/590-0765 > z n > t: Pi z a c C/3 H PC n Š OB Write 115 on reader service card TREE CARE New biological control for Dutch elm disease coming? Test marketing of a new biological product to control Dutch elm dis-ease could start as early as spring, 1983, it was announced by Daniel P. Hogan, Jr., vice president and general manager of the Ortho 
Consumer Products Division of 
Chevron Chemical Company. Ortho has entered into an agreement with the Freshwater Biological Research Foundation and Montana State University to pursue an exclusive, world-wide license agreement to develop, 
produce and market a Dutch elm 
disease control product. The dis-ease has been the major killer of elm trees for over 60 years. Hogan told a press conference that Ortho has been field testing a new product for the past year with the Freshwater Biological Re-search Foundation. A team of scientists at Montana State University, led by Dr. Gary 
Strobel, discovered a unique strain of bacterium called Pseudomonas syringae which produces an anti-biotic that kills the fungus which causes Dutch elm disease but does not harm the tree. The team at Montana State was one of three 
groups of scientists who made up the recently concluded three-year DUEL (for (DUtch ELm) research 
project, created and funded by the 
Freshwater Foundation. Now that the DUEL project is terminating, Ortho will carry on with further research and testing 
of the product. Dr. Joseph C. 
White, Ortho technical coor-dinator for special products, noted that while there are still many unanswered questions, test results to date are "very promising" and Ortho is hopeful that a Dutch elm disease control product can be test marketed during the spring of 1983. The disease, which was first discovered in this country in 1930, has killed millions of trees at a cost of billions of dollars for removal and depreciation of property. Sci-entists knew even before the dis-
ease arrived in this country that death was caused by a fungus, Ceratocystis uimi, which impairs the movement of water and nut-rients through the tree's vascular system. Numerous efforts to control the disease have failed and others have been only partially success-ful. The fungus has ravaged the elm population throughout the U.S. since first being transported here from Europe in some infested logs delivered to a furniture fac-tory. The disease is spread by the elm bark beetle, which carries the 
fungus from tree to tree during 
breeding and feeding, and through the root systems of elms growing near one another. Richard G. Gray, Sr., chairman of the Freshwater Foundation, in-stigated the idea of a multi-disciplinary approach toward a possible control of Dutch elm 
disease late in 1976 and, with nearly $400,000 donated by Min-
nesota businesses and founda-tions, the effort commenced on September 1, 1977. The unique strain of the bac-terium can be grown in quantity, freeze-dried and "activated" by 
mixing with water and other spe-cial ingredients. When it is in-jected into a tree, it is readily 
transported through it, lives in the 
tree and provides continuing pro-
tection. Initial field work by Dr. Strobel's team showed that trees pre-treated with the unique strain of P. syrin-gae successfully resisted the dis-ease when challenged with spores 
of the Dutch elm disease fungus. There has also been success in halting the spread of the fungus in trees which are already infected. The disease usually produces a wilting and yellowing or drying of foliage, usually followed by de-
foliation and death of the trees, often within weeks. MEETINGS Missouri lawn group sponsors ad seminar The Professional Lawn Care As-sociation of Missouri will hold its first seminar of the year later this month in Columbia. Bob Earley, editor/publisher of Lawn Care Industry will moderate a day-long seminar on advertising and promotion techniques used in 
the lawn care industry. The seminar will be held Feb-ruary 25 at the Hilton Inn in 
Columbia. The seminar will run 
from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Lawn care businessmen from Missouri and adjoining states are welcome to participate. There will also be information available on availability of a 
cholinesterase-testing program offered by the Missouri group at 
the seminar. For further information about the seminar or the cholinesterase-testing program, contact: Dr. Paul Schnare, Atkins Lawn Care, 1123 Wilkes Blvd., Columbia, MO 65201, 314-874-8000. RESEARCH Match N source to plant needs The biological activity of methylene urea products can be substantially altered by manufac-turing technology to satisfy the varying nitrogen needs of a wide range of plants, according to a paper presented by George R. McVey, senior researcher, O. M. 
Scott & Sons, at the annual meet-ing of the Association of American Plant Food Control Officials re-cently in Seattle. According to Dr. McVey, selec-tion of the proper source of methylene urea results in in-creased nitrogen efficiency (less nitrogen leaching or volatiliza-tion), reduction in turfgrass clip-ping removal and a reduction in plant injury as compared to more soluble nitrogen materials. He urged that methylene urea be labeled to depict more accurately the various fractions of these products. A complete copy of the talk and illustrations is available on request from O. M. Scott & Sons, Dept. BB, Marysville, OH 43041. TURF Control of spring melt-out The lush greening of turf in the spring is one of the early indica-tions of the return of good growing weather. But too often that lush green slowly turns to large patches of yellowing and then dead brown grass. According to Martin B. Harrison of Cornell University, this melting-out of spring turf is one of the most important diseases of 
bluegrass lawns during the cool, humid spring seasons. Grass not killed at this time may be so 
weakened that it will succumb 
more readily to adverse conditions later in the year. This disease becomes active, says Mr. Harrison, in April and 
May when spores of the fungus Bipolaris spp. (formerly called Heiminthosporium), start to grow. The infection caused then pro-duces leaf spots, which have yel-low brown centers with purplish-red borders. Infection of the leaf sheath area in the crown of the plant causes leaf drop and crown rot. A severe 
invasion of the disease may cause 
such heavy leaf loss that an entire stand of bluegrass will appear to quickly fade or "melt out." Control of melting-out can start with the planting of a bluegrass variety resistant to the disease. Several are on the market and a recent rating listed Adelphi, Birka, Touchdown, Merion, Bonnieblue, Fylking, Nugget and Pennstar as some with good resistance to this disease. Planting a mixture of compati-ble varieties is a recommended practice rather than planting a single variety of grass, says Mr. 
Harrison. Turfgrass management prac-tices that avoid heavy fertilizer applications in the spring help to reduce the severity of spring melting-out. Applying fertilizer in the early fall is a more desirable practice. Melting-out disease can be con-trolled by fungicide applications. Several materials currently avail-able provide good control, espe-cially when they are applied in the early stages of disease develop-ment. Some of the materials which recently have been highly rated are: Chipco 26019, Daconil 2787, Duosan, Dyrene, Kromad, Spectro and Tersan LSR. Other materials that are on the market may also work well in controlling disease. An approach to control of spring lawn melting-out disease that in-
cludes several practices is recom-mended by Mr. Harrison. Use resistant varieties when starting a lwan, avoid heavy applications of fertilizer in the spring and use a recommended fungicide when early indications of the disease are first noticed. Ł IF YOU PONT KNOW US, YOU SHOULD! Ł We can help you CUSTOM FORMULATE your 1981 program!" Select your dry fertilizer analysis, combine it with a pre-emergent or an insecticide, then contact us! Don't purchase your 1981 needs until you've talked to LAWN AIDS WE FEATURE:. Custom formulated dry lawn care products (including blends with sulphur coated urea) Custom formulated liquid fertilizers and Formolene Ž by Ashland Herbicides. Insecticides and Fungicides Tee and Fairway specialty products Equipment: Hahn Spray-Pro and Grounds Maintenance Equipment, CS-80 Motorized Rotary Spreader. LAWN AIDS P.O. Box 339 Tipp City, Ohio 45371 Tel. 513-667-8314 "CONTACT US" RON GROVE ALSO 513-339-8326 GARY WEAVER ALSO 513-339-3835 "MEETING YOUR CUSTOM NEEDS" A GIANT STEP... BACKWARDS? Model PC 500 510 gallon portable use lank 81" long. 60" wide and 48" high Standard equipment 18" vented cover with post lock hatch hardware, battling system, integral molded mounting base for ease in mounting, steel tie down lugs to secure tank to frame. 2" poly coated dram and calibrated sight tubes The TUFLEX manu facturing process al-lows a five year war ranty on all tanks. the only manufacturer to special-ize in seamless fiberglass spray tanks specifi-cally engineered for the pest control and lawn care industry, is building a new, smaller ver-
sion of its popular PC 800 and PC 1200 gallon fiberglass tanks. The model PC 500 fiberglass tank answers the industry's call for smaller For economy prices and more information on our high quality spray tanks. Tanks that meet and complete line of tanks, exceed the demands of every lawn and pest write or call now: specialist. A giant step backwards . . . from Tuflex for you! Tuflex Manufacturing Company PO Box 13143. Port Everglades Station Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33316 s Phone 305/525-8815 CO <o D fltf c CO >T3 if O® a z o O s ° CD ft) $ $ £ I CD Q-O c © 3 S2. c/> ® 2 w £ w C/5 U w o 1 o $ % 0 U 8 « o << Mail To: Company Name Your Title First Initial -Š Š Middle Initial Š Š 
Š Š --
Š Last Name Š I Š Š © t* Š Š Š Š Š Š Š Š 2SS2 CH BOBQlISf J III! i ll FEBRUARY 1981 (Expires in 60 days) reader service card Use this card to obtain more information...fast. PRODUCTS New "thatcherizer" is a good groomer The Snapper Thatcherizer, from McDonough Power Equipment, simplifies what was once a costly and time-consuming job involving 
either a special rake or motorized de-thatching machine. The Thatcherizer, designed for Snap-per self-propelled mowers or rid-ing mowers, uses high-vacuum action to pick-up and bag thatch in one operation. The front-mounted attachment loosens thatch from the lawn and the mid-mounted rear-discharge mowing unit cuts a path up to 54 inches wide. Leaves, pinecones, litter, and harmful thatch are vacuumed into a 17.5 
cubic foot steel Snapper Vac-n-pac catcher. The catcher is a rear-mounted attachment that fits on all 
Snapper garden tractors. Cut fuel costs with new diesel The FMC Corporation's new Bo-lens HT20D Diesel Tractor with hydrostatic drive is powered by an air-cooled model WD2-860 Wis-consin Diesel rated at 19.9 horse-power. Because the engine pro-vides higher torque at lower rpm, FMC cites reduced fuel consump-tion costs and longer life expecta-tion. The air-cooled diesel is a twin cylinder, four-cycle unit with cast iron cylinders and forged crank-shaft. It features full pressure lub-rication and direct, open chamber combustion. The engine is part of a new family of diesel engines in-
troduced last year by Teledyne Wisconsin Motor, which offers parts and service backup through 
its extensive network of Wisconsin Engine distributors. A two-spool hydraulic lift at-tachment allows the operator to perform two operations at once, using a shaft-driven PTO to oper-ate a wide range of available front, center and rear mount attach-ments. Large acreage can be mowed quickly with 54 inch or 48 
inch driveshaft driven mowers, making the HT20D tractor useful for commercial and light indust-rial applications, including parks and groundskeeping operations. Conversion device saves thousands Norman Lynd, owner of Green Thumb Lawn Service in Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, has invented 
and is now manufacturing this conversion device which will 
change a broadcast spreader into a 
combine without spending thousands of dollars. Simple installation takes ap-proximately one hour and can be removed in less than one minute for cleaning and replaced in the 
same amount of time. Made with 
rugged stainless steel and aluminum, the only moveable parts in the unit are three adjusta-ble metering slides for calibration. 
A common ruler is used for calib-
ration settings. Capable of applying three dif-ferent granular materials at one time, the conversion device pre-vents the user from hand mixing materials, using expensive pre-mixes, and spending thousands of 
dollars on expensive combines and spray trucks. Self-propelled bermuda planter Bermuda King, long-time leader in Bermuda spriggers and planters, has developed a new self-
propelled riding version of their 
proven planters for planting ber-muda. With this machine a contractor, municipality, or agency has a tool that can work small to medium areas quickly and economically without the bother and expense of to page 44 A Real Success Story Crabgrass control and proper feeding in one application. Tee Time 20-4-10 fertilizer gives you an unbeatable combination of nutrients and pre-emergence herbicides for healthy growth and con-trol of crabgrass and other grassy weeds. 20-4-10 gets your grass off to a healthy start in the early Spring. The 
combination of available nitrogen, controlled re-lease nitrogen, and sulfur in 20-4-10 stimu-lates initial color response without 
excessive growth. The controlled release nitro-gen, derived from sulfur-coated urea, 
doesn't require high soil temperatures or bacte-rial action to start working. Sulfur-coated urea is unique in that it releases its entire nitrogen content during Balan® Trademark of Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli the same growing 
season to allow the 
grass full utilization of this major nutrient. The 2:1 ratio of nitrogen to potash also contrib-utes to the proven 
performance of Tee 
Time 20-4-10. The proper balance of 
potash aids the overall health of the grass, increasing resistance to drought, disease, and 
traffic. To this carefully formulated product, we add Balan® Betasan® or Dacthal® to provide a 
winning combination for proper feeding and pre-emergence control of crabgrass and other grassy weeds. Pre-emergence products perform as well when combined with fertilizer 
as when applied sepa-Lily Betasan® Trademark of Stauffer Chemical rately, and sometimes 
even better. A one-step 
application can save you both time and labor. Our 20-4-10 with Balan® 
and Dursban® goes even 
a step further by al-lowing you to add insect 
control to your feeding and weed-control pro-gram in a single appli-
cation. That can mean even greater savings in time and labor. You can switch to The Andersons' Tee Time products with confidence, knowing we spent 10 years developing and refining them. Try using one of our 20-4-10 crabgrass-control products as part of your overall program. One of them is just right for you. Our distributors are Co. qualified to assist you 
in determining which of these fine products best suits your needs. If your present supplier does not carry The 
Andersons' Tee Time products, call us toll-free or write and we'll 
give you the name of your nearest distributor. You'll be glad you did. the professional's partner Andersons Lawn Fertilizer Division P.O. Box 119 Maumee, Ohio 43537 
Ohio: 800-472-3220 Outside Ohio: 800-537-3370 Dacthal* Trademark of Diamond Shamrock Corp. Dursban® lYademark of Dow Chemical Co. PRODUCTS /rom page 43 a tractor to pull the planter. The operator cam plant up close to walls, curbs and buildings quickly and easily. The machine is com-pact, maneuverable, and easy to transport. This newest Bermuda King model plants a swath 30 inches wide and puts down roots, sprigs, rhizomes, or cuttings. The planter packs plantings firmly in one operation and also feeds, sepa-rates, and plants sod. Microscope is a quick study Panasonic's FF-393 Microscope with Light is a portable, precise 
and useful tool. Light operates on 
two "AA" batteries and blue filter assures a distinct and vivid image. Switch mechanism turns light on when microscope body is un-folded, off when body is closed. With a magnification capacity of 30X, the microscope features a thumbwheel turning knob for smooth focus adjustment. Skid unit chews up labor costs The Agrotec skid unit for commer-cial operators is versatile and easy to operate. It fits between the wheel wells of a pick-up or slides onto a flatbed, handling most 
chemical sprays. Three hundred or five hundred gallon tank and centrifugal pump feed up to three handgun operators, providing fast applica-tion and reduced labor cost. Three hundred foot hose and handgun with electric rewind are included in the standard equipment. Vari-ous extensions, spraying tips, and other accessories are available. New tractor with off-set engine International Harvester's 247 model tractor with mounted off-set engine to provide operators with 
unrestricted visibility. The 247 is designed for grounds and mainte-nance applications and can ac-commodate a wide range of im-plements with its 540 rpm trans-mission drive pto. In order to achieve precision, the 274 utilizes a sliding spur-gear transmission with eight speeds forward and two reverse. The speeds are stepped for controlled 
close work with top speed at 11.7 mph. A 30 horsepower, 99 
cubic-inch, three-cylinder, water-cooled diesel engine powers the tractor. A category L I, three-point hitch provides full position control and return to selected depth at the command of the operator. A center 
rockshaft with cultivator lift cy-linder and stroke adjustment is operated by a three-position au-xiliary hydraulic valve. A 5.7 gpm pump provides the pressure for all hydraulic functions. Independent hydraulic disc brakes and mechanical fast steer-ing combine to make the 274's turning radius just slightly over eight feet. Optional features in-
clude differential lock, fixed drawbar, protecting frame with canopy, bolster and wheel weights, and rear working light. Sharp swaths with new cutter As one of its new grounds mainte-nance Sidewinder accessories for small horsepower tractors, FMC Corporation's Agricultural Machinery Division has intro-
duced the FM-48 Flail Mower, which cuts both rough and fine grass in uniform, neat, and mani-
cured 46-inch swaths. PMC Sfcfe-wino* Qrmn UirnT FUul Moww-FM-U The FM-48 can be adjusted for cutting heights as low as one-half inch and up to four inches. The mower features 108 free-swinging, overlapping, reversible blades, which rotate at 1767 rpms. Re-quiring a tractor with at least a 13 horsepower capacity, it will work well with larger tractors up to 20 
horsepower. To help maintain an even cut, there is a full width, heavy-duty gauge roller at the rear. The FM-48 is made by FMC, not by a private label manufacturer, so it incorpo-rates the development of the Sidewinder-engineered designs, with high structural strength, as 
well. Consumers report on riding mowers "Ask Any Owner" is the title of a full color brochure published by Dixon Industries and written by 
satisfied consumers of Dixon ZTR riding mowers, their line of zero turning radius mowers. Quoted excerpts range from simple claims that Dixon cuts 
down mowing time, to per-formance data, and detailed de-scriptions of difficult mowing made faster and easier with the 'Zeeter.' A number of reports deal with people who appreicate the hand level controls and total lack of foot pedal operation. Dixon mowers have no steering wheel, clutch, 
footfeed, gearshift, or brake pedal for slowing or stopping. The only foot action needed is to release the hand parking brake, and that too, can be done by hand. to page 46 For More Information Call or Write: Imler Industries, Inc. 1117 Broadview Ave. Columbus, Ohio 43212 614/ 486-9068 "Our new TORCO sprayers have proven to be the best investment we ever made " " The high interest rate really had us scared Š it seemed to be a bad time to replace our old spray units. However, we have virtually eliminated "down time" expense and high maintenance cost with this fantastic 500 gallon TORCO sprayer unit. It greatly improved our performance over our former spray units, and it's built to keep on performing long after others have been "cannibalized". TORCO has proven to us that great equipment pays for itself!" Frank Reynolds, pres. _____ . . . Lawn Rescue, Inc. TORCO means tough! TORCO Equipment Company*207 Eiler Ave.*Louisville, Kentucky*40214 (502)366-1415 Heavy Duty Measuring Wheel Welded Construction Wide Wheel -W Cushioned Handle Grip Metal Housed Used by 3 Of the Largest Lawn Care Companies in the U.S.A.-Great for Measuring Roads. Parking Lots, and Driveways . . . Counter Easy Reset Counter Guard Custom Colors Available on Request (Lots of 25 or more Only) Shipping F.O.B. Columbus Quanity Discounts Available WIPE OUT GRUB PROBLEMS WITHPROMOL > £ z n > ?c M 3 C C/3 H pa n ca PROXOL WORKS Kills white grubs, sod webworms, cutworms and armyworms on contact. Proven results for many years by golf course professionals to meet their precise insect control needs. NO ODOR Proxol produces no unpleasant odor to offend customers. PENETRATES THATCH Readily penetrates thatch to concentrate in the soil at the zone of larval activity. ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND Proxol does not produce a long-term residual buildup. At recommended rates it controls principal damage-causing insects as listed on the label without significantly affecting beneficial insects. LOW CONCENTRATIONS Proxol is effective at 11/2 oz. to 3% oz. per 1,000 sq. ft. for cutworms and sod webworms. 3% oz. per 1,000 sq. ft. is requiredior grubs. TUCO Division of The Upjohn Company USE IN A PROGRAM Proxol is highly soluble in water. Easily applied with conventional ground equipment. Can be tank mixed with other non-alkaline pesticides. Low effective rates offer economy CONVENIENT 2 and 5 lb. packages make measurement easy Eliminates waste. READILY AVAILABLE Over 150 U.S. distributors and 8 regional TUCO Distribution Centers assure convenient product availability. ACTI-DIONE A TUCO broad spectrum fungicide, long used by golf course professionals, to stop turf disease problems before they start. TOLL-FREE INFORMATION For product availability and information just call: Outside Michigan 1-800-253-8600 Inside Michigan (collect) 0-616-323-4000. 'Sod WebwormM^j CQ Q tu > OC H CO D Q g i < u z Heavy duty power spreader Designed to give you 25 percent more production with same appli-cation rate all day long, this power 
spreader from Consolidated Sales Service runs the same speed all 
day long and doesn't vary as the day grows old or the operator becomes fatigued. Rugged construction of 10 and \f 12 gauge welded one-piece steel chassis features heavy duty re-lubeable bearing points with grease zerks all located in one central position. Fiberglass hop-per is removeable for ease in dumping excess product and cleaning. Tires are pneumatic for smooth floating operation and long wear. The Power Spreader is equipped with a three horsepower Briggs and Stratton engine with easily replaceable plastic impeller. Stainless steel fin covers are avail-able for more durability at an additional cost. Eight horse diesel Professional lawn service com-panies concerned about rising fuel 
costs now have an alternative in the Bunton Company's eight horse power diesel engines in 36 and 52 
inch lawn, turf, and mulching type 
models. Bunton engines are built in a one-piece wide welded steel frame with heavy gauge steel handles and featuring finger tip traction controls for easy turning and maneuvering. Bunton pre-dicts a fuel savings of 50 percent or more with these self-propelled 
models. Options include a grass 
catcher on the lawn and turf models and a rider attachment on lawn, turf and mulching models. MARKETING Leaving your name behind How do you label a product that's neither bigger nor smaller than a breadbox; not animal or mineral, and doesn't shake, rattle, or roll Š lawn care, for instance? Lawn care companies provide in intangible service. It's often difficult for a 
prospective customer to pass a A DIAMOND IN THE ROUGH. You're a pro and it shows. Everything has to be just right-especially the equipment you use. That's why you'll want the Mitsubishi diamond on those rough jobs, where a tractor has to deliver. Satoh Mitsubishi tractors deliver. Versatile, dependable and efficient; they deliver the highest amount of productivity at the most reasonable cost, the least amount of downtime 
and the kind of application flexibility you demand. Satoh Mitsubishi tractorsŠthey're as professional as you are. For the name of your Satoh Mitsubishi dealer see your local Yellow Pages or write Satoh Mitsubishi, Box 5020, New York, NY 10150. A MITSUBISHI WE BUILD A BETTER TRACTOR well kept lawn and identify the work as yours. You may have lost 
many a lucrative account in just this way. The problem has been addressed by Bob Cohen, president of the Green Scene in Tarzana, Califor-nia. He now thinks he has struck 
on a simple and effective method 
of labelling his work. Cohen has his crews leave a small sign on 
finished lawns which reads: "This landscape fed and protected by the Green Scene." His company's ad-dress and phone number is listed on the bottom and he plans to use a facsimile of the sign in his adver-
tising literature. Developing the right sign hasn't been easy, either. First he tried a larger five by ten inch card, but the 
more visible the sign, the less his customers liked it. Then he tried a smaller sign made of cardboard 
laminated with plastic, but snails with an appetite for the laminate devoured those and he had to abandon them. He finally settled on a small three by two inch plastic card manufactured by a horticul-tural printing company. They cost about a nickel apiece and can be ordered from Carscallen Nursery Label Company, P.O. Box 18092, Dallas, Texas 75218; phone 
number: (214) 285-6376. Just 
mention the Green Scene in Los 
Angeles. The response to the signs has been gratifying. In the black is beautiful Being in control of your money means more than living from paycheck to 
paycheck. It means salting away something for the 
future, too. That's what's beautiful about the Payroll Savings Plan. When you sign up for Payroll Savings where you work, an amount you specify is automatically set aside 
from each paycheck and used 
to buy U.S. Savings Bonds. While you use your take-home pay for today's 
expenses, you're still able to build a substantial nest egg for tomorrow. Payroll Savings. It's a beautiful way to make sure your future's going to be in the black. Now E Bonds pay 6% interest when held to maturity of "> years (4*:% the first year). Bonds are replaced if lost, stolen or destroyed. When needed, they can be cashed at your bank. Interest is not subject to state or local income taxes, and federal tax may be deferred until redemption. /Cs Take . stock in/America. Join the Payroll Savings Plan. A public service of this publication Jg^J and The Advertising Council CLASSIFIED RATES: 40* per word (minimum charge, $15). Bold face words or words in all capital letters charged at 60* per word. Boxed or display ads charged at $40 per column inch (one inch minimum). Agency commissions will be given only when camera-ready art is provided by agency. For ads using blind box number, add $5 to total cost of ad. Send ad copy with payment to Dawn Anderson, LAWN CARE IN-DUSTRY, 1 East First Street, Duluth, MN 55802. BOX NUMBER REPLIES: Mail box number replies to: LAWN CARE IN-DUSTRY, Classified Ad Department, 120 W. 2nd St., Duluth, MN 55802. Please include box number in address. HELP WANTED WORKING TREE SPECIALISTS Ex-cellent opportunity for individual with experience in Pest Control or Ornamentals. Salary and bonus de-pending on qualifications. Send re-sume and salary requirements, or call: Village Green, Ltd., 303 Wilson, West Chicago, IL 60185. (312) 293-1036. MANAGER needed for lawn care company in Houston, Texas. Must 
have sales experience and be aggres-
sive. Long working hours all year. Turf knowledge is a must. Answer this ad 
ONLY if you feel you fit this descrip-tion. Excellent salary, great benefits and best opportunity for advancement in the lawn care industry! Send re-sume and include present salary re-
quirements and financial expectations for next 1,2,3,4,5 years. Write LCI Box 41. Chemical Lawn & Tree Care Company needs General Manager with at least three years experience with a national or regional lawn care company. Ex-perience must include sales, and cus-tomer and employee relations. Salary open. 214-690-1051, Layson, Inc., P.O. Box 30121, Dallas, Texas 75230. MISCELLANEOUS PREPARE NOW to increase next year's profits. "Garden Tips" the monthly customer newsletter with 
your company name/phone. Proven response . . . cements customer rela-
tions, gets them to spend more, opens new doors expertly in new expansion areas. Low cost, effective profit build-
ing. Call today 516-538-6444, we'll send complete information or write: Garden Tips, Box 117, Garden City, NY 11530. _send^ message.^ ...write here 1. Number of insertions: (circle) 1 2 3 6 12 2. Start with (month) issue (Copy must be in by 1st of month preceding) 3. Amount enclosed: $ . PAYMENT MUST ACCOMPANY ORDER. WE'LL BILL RATED FIRMS. NAME COMPANY STREET CITY . STATE, _ZIP_ MAIL AD COPY TO: DAWN ANDERSON. LAWN CARE INDUSTRY. 1 EAST FIRST STREET. DULUTH. MN 55802 RATES: 40 cents per word (minimum charge, $15). Bold face words or words in 
all capital letters charged at 60 cents per word. Boxed or display ads charged at $40 per column inch (one inch minimum). For 
ads using blind box number, add $5 to total cost of ad. KELWAY® SOIL ACIDITY TESTER, used by PROFESSIONALS nation-wide. Direct reading, lightweight, portable, fully serviceable, no power source. Model HB-2 reads moisture too. Available through distributors. For brochure contact Kel Instruments Co., Inc., Dept. T, P.O. Box 1869, 
Clifton, N.J. 07015. 201-471-3954. FOR SALE Chevy 1978c-65 Tanker, 1200 gallons, Two Hannay reels, Hose, Guns, Ready to spray, Excellent Condition, Reason-able, Call 301-728-5885. For Sale. ECONOMY TRACTOR, New 14 HP eneine, and stainless steel combine, that aerates, rolls, sprays liquids, applies 4 granular materials, 2 seed mixes all at once, complete with trailer $4,000.00. (203) 743-4287 after 6PM. MEYER HIGH PRESSURE SPRAYER 400 gallon, skid mount 35 GPM. Wisconsin V4 Electric start engine. 
Good condition $2,000. Colonial Nur-sery, 812-476-2771, Evansville, In-diana. 1977 Chevy Š C-60 lawn spray truck, excellent condition, 1,200 gallon steel tank mounted on 14 foot platform. 2 Hanney electric hose reels with 500 feet of nose on each. Bean 20-20 pump 
mechanical and jet agitation. $11,500. Call or write, Rusin Landscaping, Inc., 340 North Drive, Lorain, Ohio 44053. Phone 216-233-8217. Liqui-System®-demonstrator on 1975 Dodge 300. 24,000 miles. Condition excellent. Sale $16,000. Lease $551.11 for 36 months plus $1,000. Liqui-MaticŽ demonstrator on 1979 Dodge 300. 5,000 miles. Condition new. Sale $17,400. Lease $478.50 for 48 months plus $1,000. Both machines spray 
lawns at 20 GPM-2,000 gallons daily, 
spray trees at 800 PSI, and feed trees at 100 caliber inches per hour. These are not herbicide applicators. Liqui-System provides the ability to chanee formulas and functions on the job. 
Liqui-Matic has 2 pump injected streams for formula additions at the turn of a valve. All fiberglass bodies, prestige appearance. Liqui-System, 
P.O. Box 1043, Victoria, TX 77901. 512-575-5882. For Sale: Liquid lawn care business near Columbus, Ohio. Treating ap-prox. 4 million sq. ft., 225 lawns, 17,000 sq. ft. avg. Good basic business ready for expansion into large urban areas. 1978 Ford F-600, low miles, 1200 gal. stainless tank, w/Bean 20/20 pump, 2 Š 600' electric reels. Well 
maintained A-l equipment. Regis-tered Trade Name. Write LCI Box #42. Reinco Hydroseeder, 1,000 gallon on trailer. Excellent condition. $7,500. George. 317-873-5937 or 317-873-5231. 1980 IV2 ton Chevy truck, (less than 3000 miles), 350 V8 Engine W/4 speed. 
875 gallon tuflex tank w/heavy duty agitator. 10 G.P.M. Beam pump. All run off of Electric start Briegs & Stratton 8 hp engine. Plus electric 
Haney Hose Reel w/4 75 ft. of Vi' hose. 850 gal. poly storage tank w/hoses and 3 hp transfer pump. Send replies to: Greenway Lawn Care, 42W722 Meadowsweet, Elburn, Illinois 60119. 
312-365-9575. 1979 LAWN SPRAY TRUCK, 750 gallon compartmentalized tank. 15,000 miles. Electric hose, reel. $9,950 Like new. Call for photo & details. 216-357-8400. to page 48 3 z o > z a c C/3 H 73 m oa "I wouldn't do anything to harm this tree.That's the reason I use Roundup.' As Donald Dusek will tell you, controlling tough weeds is just part of his grounds mainte-nance problem. As a park superintendent, Don is also responsible for protecting his valuable trees, shrubs and plants. So he insists on Roundup® herbicide by Monsanto. With Roundup, Don can be confident that all of his valuable vegetationŠincluding this beautiful 75-year-old pecan treeŠcan continue to flourish. He just follows label directions for Roundup. Since Roundup has no residual soil activity, and won t wash out of treated areas, Roundup helps Don Donald Dusek Park Superintendent, Victoria, Texas control weeds in many different situationsŠeven in his most delicate areas. See your local Monsanto representative or chemical dealer soon for your supply of Roundup. Like Don, you'll find that Roundup is the solution to 
many of your toughest weed control problems. Monsanto Nothing works like Roundup. FOR LITERATURE CALL TOLL-FREE 1-800-621-5800 In Illinois, 1-800-972-5858. Write 126 on reader service card ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW THE LABEL FOR ROUNDUP. Roundup" is a registered trademark of Monsanto Co. RUP-SP1-102D © Monsanto Co. 1981 BEHIND THIS ISSUE I feel great this month and I'll tell you why. First, the issue you are holding in your hands is the largest issue we have ever published. Second, I've got two new people to introduce to you that have become part of the LAWN CARE INDUSTRY team. Ladies first. Kim Corry (she's the one with the earrings in the pictures to the right) becomes our sales representative in the Midwest, working out of our Chicago offices. She will be dealing with manufacturers and suppliers to the lawn care industry all the way from Ohio to Kansas, and from Min-nesota to Kentucky. She comes to us from a sales position with Ross Laboratories, a division of Abbot Laboratories. She is also a 
graduate of Ohio State University. You've already met Paul McCloskey, our new assistant editor. He wrote front-pages stories last month on the potential banning of the insecticides Dursban and diazinon in New York, and the story on the restriction of 2,4-D use in Canada. In this issue, he handled 
the 1981 outlook story on page one, and the INSIDE THE INDUSTRY feature on whether or not lawn care businessmen should be involved in structural pest control. He comes to us with a B.A. degree from the University of 
Chicago, and will work out of our New York offices. As I said, these two contributed mightily to the biggest issue of LAWN CARE INDUSTRY ever Š Paul to providing the large amount of 
copy that filled the issue, and Kim to our largest number of ad pages yet. * 7 k McCloskey Corry I've got it made now. Come in late, make plans for lunch, light up my pipe, sit back with the Wall Street Journal . . . DYLOX LIQUID SOLUTION . .. EXCLUSIVELY FROM CLEARY People Like It... Bugs Don't! TO USE No irritating dust. No messy pre-mixing of the soluble powder Dylox LS is a liquid, which means you can pour it directly into the spray tank. Now 
that's convenience... that's also countless labor hours saved. Only minimal spray tank agitation is needed. Dylox Liquid Solution does not clog spray nozzles. EASY ON EQUIPMENT ECONOMICAL When you consider labor saving and conven-ience of handling - the cost for Dylox is easy to take. Army worms. Cutworms. Sod webworms. White grubs. Dylox controls all 4 major insects found on turf. Kills on CONTACT. The liquid solution spray dis-tributes uniformly. Rapidly penetrates deep into thatched layers. You will get a rapid kill that pro-vides residual control as well. Powerful Dylox has long been the insecticide of choice for many course superintendents and lawn care professionals. Now at W.A. Cleary Corporation we are providing Dylox in a simple-to-use liquid solution form. I CORPORATION 1049 Somerset Street , v Somerset New Jersey 08873 ^^fAA-(201) 247-8000 CLASSIFIEDS PROFITABLE LAWN SPRAYING BUSINESS. Suburban north Jersey. 800 selected accounts. Data sheet available. Write LCI Box #43. Dry fertilizer: Custom blended and packaged to YOUR specifications. Write Vogel's Seed & Fertilizer, 1891 Spring Valley Rd., Jackson, WI 53037. 414-677-2273, ask for Bill. WANTED TO BUY ACQUISITIONS WANTED: Lawn service company seeking growth through acquisition. Seeking firms servicing between 400 and 1,500 cus-tomers. Team up with experience. Key people retained. Smooth transition. 
Flexible. Write LCI Box 19. ADVERTISERS Adelphi Kentucky Bluegrass 39 American Pelletizing Co 20 
Andersons Advertising 43 Aquatrols Corp. of America 40 Boots Hercules Agrochemicals Co. 31 Chem Lawn Corp 30 Cleary Chemical Corp., W.A 48 Consolidated Sales and Services . 28 Diamond Shamrock/AG Chem. 16-17 Dow Chemical Co 2-3 Elanco Products Co 36 Finn Equipment Co 29 
Green Thumb Lawn Service 27 Hahn, Inc 20 Imler Industries 44 International Seeds, Inc 12, 41 International Spike, Inc 21 Jacklin Seed Co 11, 37 Jacobsen Div. of Textron, Inc 49 Lakeshore Equipment & Supply Co. 38 Lawn Aids 42 Lofts Pedigreed Seed 50 Mitsubishi Agricultural 46 Monsanto Co 47 MTD Products 13 P. B. I. Gordon Corp 18-19 Pickseed West, Inc 26 Pro Lawn Products 28 Professional Turf Specialties 40 Rhone-Poulenc, Inc 25 Ryan Turf Care Equipment 35 Scott & Sons, O. M 10 Stauffer Chemical Co 6-7 3M Co 22-23 Torco Equipment Co 44 Tuco Agricultural Chemicals 45 
Tuflex Manufacturing Co 42 Turf Seed, Inc 9, 24 Union Carbide 32, 33-34 Velsiocol Chemical Corp 20 Warren's Turf Nursery, Inc 30 \ \ I It's been proven time and again, day after day, acre after acre. You just can't buy better cutting gang mowers. For a very convincing demonstration, call your Jacobsen Distributor. Jacobsen Division of Textron Inc. Jacobsen: You just can't buy any better. baron KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS is the most customer - proof Ł vv lean buy' Alan Maged, (r Lawn-A-Mat dealer, Garden City Park, Long Island, New York. . . one of the largest independent lawn care dealers, servicing over 2000 lawns. rass BRIBES * f \ I My" 'i "I make sure Baron is in every pound of grass seed we use. Last year it amounted to 80,000 pounds of Lofts special lawn seed mixtures. If all goes well, I'll order even more this year. "Why do I insist on Baron? Because my customers expect me to compensate for everything, from the weather to their own mistakes. Some homeowners may let their lawn grow to six or eight inches, then cut it to three-quarters of an inch! Or they'll forget to water their grass during a drought, or use their lawn for a baseball field. With all that abuse, they still expect a.good lawn. "I need a 'customer-proof' grass seed mixture. So I specify Baron, Yorktown and other top quality Lofts grasses in my special mixture. I get a lush, green color, an excellent root system and the best resistance to leaf spot I've ever seen. Guess that's why I get better than 85% renewals every year. "One last thing, I really depend on my suppliers for delivery and service. I've dealt with the Lofts people for 15 years and they haven't failed me yet. That's very important to me." £ ^v vlv jt k Ł Lofts k Ł Pedigreed LOFTS Soodi Inc. Bound Brook, N.J. 08805/(201) 356-8700