.47 ' l etp} /d.1.<.,m,guve stock as Marmrcekl ‘ [N0 ""I'YVVVI IIVIVTIYV' ’ JULY“ .2 7 10:, 19/285. BUILD A 511.0! rofit by last years experience. r Unless you have a Silo. an early frost will leave you short of feed to winter your stock. Stock feeds'are found to be high. The Silo will make up for the clover which was killed last winter and lower your feed bills. WHY? THE SILO increases the feeding value of the corn crop from 25 to 30 per cent. THE SILO helps the farmer make the best possible use of frosted corn. Even immature corn can be saved by putting it in the silo. THE SILO gives insurance against short, drought-stricken. pastures. THE SILO provides juicy feed in win- ter which helps to keep the cows healthy and productive when green feeds are lacking and dairy prices are high. THE SILO furnishes the cheapest win- ter feed. Three tons of silage are worth fully as much as a ton of good hay. THE SILO aids in fattening stock. THE SILO enables the farmer to feed his stock from less acres. THE SILO should be a partner of every creamery and cheese factory pa- tron. Good silage does not in the slight- est injure the quality of milk, butter or cheese. What Crops can be put in the Silo? Corn, oats and peas, pea cannery waste, so (better it mixed with, corn), green clover and fodder or stover. y beans and corn, finely chopped clover timothy, sugar beet tops cut with corn U. S. Department of Agriculture Says-- “Less corn can be fed by many dairy- men without reducing milk production. providing they feed more silage and le- gume hay. Less corn will be available for feeding the cattle for much more. than usual is ,needed now for human food. Succulence is just as essential to the cow as to the human being. Silage provides succulent feed during the winter when pasture is not available. Silage is palatable and no other feed will combine so well with dry hay and a little grain to produce maximum and economical results.” If there isn’t a Silo on your farm, build one this summer. ”— :III. ”/x‘t) «’- ‘r Isa—wt 4. twin-w» ‘252:9...93..eiVeryMEchig' n You will need silage next winter. From a Poster Issued by EXTENSION SERVICE MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE EAST LANSING, MICHIGAN This space donated by the Publishers of Michigan Business Farming to help win the war by conserving food-stuff for our army and navy - AF urn...— .14 I PER YEAR . f"\ 5%?" - k 1' "~.-f' a?" . . r ‘ 1 l 1.1: ‘f‘. 1' u 3'”): p, t A? ( i ‘3. W at?" 3 £5 9 - L I .13"? 'Lq b m '1’. .fl ‘\ 11lll1111i1l-1 MMHMMM .,1;1 .11 on. VMJWHMHHHNTuflwuhim _v‘.111l111.1‘1l‘1lll1111 '1zl"‘11,l.111‘...11.1‘ 1‘lll1111l11’. 1l1.ll'1.1. mhmh Success of Producer’ 3 Organization Depends Upon Loyalty of Its Members to the Terms of the Ass’n’s Contracts This is the time for our people to consider seriously, and take action, upon the-future of this very important industry. ' Very unusual conditions confront us. We would not suggest to our people to be unpatriotic in any way. We want to go the limit in a patriotic endeavor at this time, but the government has fixed—as a basis upon which to place every com- mercial activity—a cost of production plus a 10% profit, and while it is conceded, and by many accused, that the action of the officers of the Michigan Milk Producers’ Association has been ultra- conservative in all of the past (and we be— lieve that safe business action depends upon con- servative thought and action), yet we must come to that basis where we will be like other busi— ness interests, receiving for our product the cost of production plus a 10% profit. No one deplores the erratic ways and lack of stability of some of the milk producers more than does your field secretary. It has come to be con- ceded by all good thinking men that in order to do the best constructive work we must be steady to our purpose and hold to every agreement we make. “'0 must not allow any petty grievances or imaginary evil to swerve us from the absolute discharge of our every obligation, and in order to obtain the business principle for which we contend—of a price for our product that equals the cost of production plus a profit—which is the foundation for every other industry. we must not be vacillating and turn aside from our agreements by any call that might be presented to us to yield to that temptation. This is the time when the buyers, who are anxious for the milk, will go onto the territory of other buyers and offer an inducement of a few cents a hundred pounds over theeommission price in order to get more milk. After they have in« duced our producers to violate their contract then the word comes back to me that they have been able to buy our men at a few cents per hundred pounds on their milk A TEST CASE In pursuance of the above outlined thought, and with a knowledge of the vacillating nature of some men, and what may be before us, we de— sire to call your attention to the fact that within a few recent days we have been put to our utmost endeavor to avoid suits being brought before us in the courts, where the selling agent of the Mich— igan Milk Producers’ Association, and the patron, who put his product in the hands of. the Associa~ tion to sell, would be co—defendants in a suit be— fore the court for damages. It has been the fortune of your field secretary, through all his business career. never to have been either a plaintiff or defendant in a suit at law. contending that one had lost in a financial way in a suit at law 11s soon as the suit was start1d'u hether the suit was decided for or against him. The buyers all o1er Michigan have our con— tracts. \\'e have sold the products of our pat- rons to them and if we fail on this contract we a1c liable to suit and damages. Don’t let anyone persuade you that these agreements do not carry with them in any 11111rt ol law 11 111111111310 1onsid- eration in case 11f fail me for their performance. \ot only his but w1 are flying to establish the Ia1t in the minds of all good people that the milk inoducer will hono1 his1o1111111twhetl1e1 he pains (11 los1s by so doino Should otl1c1 ol 11111 pat— rons do as some have in th1 past, w11m11y not be as fortunate in avoiding suit and damages in our 110 4 lbs. 60.3 lbs. Final weight. .............. 90.7 lbs. 89.9 lbs. Average daily gain ........... 0.364 lbs. 0.356 lbs. Average daily feed— Corn . . ................. 1.14 lbs. 1.12 lbs. C. S. Meal ............... .16 lbs. .16 lbs. Hay . . ................. 1.69 lbs. .93 lbs. Silage . ............... 1.31 lbs. Feed required per 111. gain“ (‘orn . ................. 3.14 lbs. 3.17 lbs. C. .S. Meal ............... .44 lbs. .45 lbs. Hay . . ................. 4.93 lbs. 2.65 lbs. Silage . . ............... 3.68 lbs. Aicrage selling piite ......... $6.72 $6.73 Average cost of g.1ins ........ 6.26 5.53 Even in such a good ration as shelled corn, cottonseed meal and clover hay. the average lamb in the lots receiving corn silage in addi— tion to clover hay as roughage made more profit. I11 making one hundred pounds of mutton. 368 pounds of corusilage .replaced 233 pounds of clover hay. From this replacement value of corn silage, the following table showing the value of a ton of corn silage is made: ‘shelled corn Corn Silage is 'onrth $.93; ton 111.1600 ‘ 11 31;. :- ..,. 6. 32 wash, at 1.5.90 9:411, w_.I1.é“n' at 20‘ .00 12.66' 146111. at $1. 50 per bushel and clover hay approx1mately a dollar per ton Over and above the cost of the corn in the silage and the cost of putting the silage into the silo. A fifty bushel corn crop will inake t’eInI tons of silage per acre Ten' dollar51per acre more 1161.. his corn crop will mean more real money. ;i - ",i The; 8110' and the Sheep. Breeder. . . I The farmer who is maintaining a flock of breed- 5 ing ewes‘ upon his farm is interested in the cost The of carrying his ewes through the winter. silo offers an Opportunity to such a man. in cut- ting the cost without injuring the lambing per- centage and the vigor of the lambs or milk flow of the eWe-.s The Purdue Experiment Station duIIrin'g the three winters from 1906 to 1909 fed breeding ewes 011 rations containing corn Silage and check rations with no corn silage. The ewes were fed 'during the winter of 1906-07, mixed hay,c corn stover and corn silage as roughages and oats as grain. During the Other two winters clover hay was used as the hay and the grain mixture was Cats and bran. The ~f15'llowin'g table gives interesting data upon the value of corn silage for a breeding flock: Winter Breeding Ewes—Purdue Experiment Station. Average per ewe Without Silage With Silage Feed eaten daily—— Grain . . ................. .9 lbs. .86 lbs. Hay . . .................. 4.191bs. 2.84 lbs. Silage . . ................ _ 3.33 lbs. Total gain .. . .' ............... 13.75 lbs. 6.0 lbs Per cent of lambs ............ 105% 114% Birth weight of lambs ........ 8.9 lbs. 9.09lbs The measure of good rations for breeding stock must be made from a consideration of loss or gain in weight, effect upon the percentage of offspring, the vigor of the offsming, the milking qualities of ewes and the economy of the ration fed. The addition of silage is a benefit. The succulence furnished by corn silage is especially valuable in a flock of breeding ewes. Silage is probably the best substitute for roots. Corn silage can be had anywhere in Indiana for the trouble of erecting a silo and filling it. The farmer who now has sheep or is planning to get into the sheep business either feeding sheep in the fall or winter months or maintain- ing a breeding flock for its four—fold profit—— wool, lambs, weed eradication, and manure—will find the silo a very necessary part of his sheep equipment. Couple :1 silo with the Golden Hoof and the farm will grow richer and the pocket- book fatter. G. I. CHRISTIE, Purdue University. WHY SOME FARMERS PROSPER WHILE OTHER FARMERS DO NOT HY is it that in every community, certain V» farms are pointed out to visitors as those not paying while often just across the road are farms that are paying a very excellent in- terest rate? The general drainage and soil type . 1 "r. 1,»:61'. . .:: ~‘" 11111111111111“ ..-~ - :thll‘n. :~li ....;1--1 .-l’ {RIM—74M 5- q: .3“! .I! '1 : Scene of an- Iowa Farm. showing Lansing- Vitrified Silo . ' _ and the Building ..;. bur»: «NI-'3 5w ‘5 4""- mt. Hun: 4:1:Mrr‘nn- 'Notq 1116'p16Iésip‘gI1161-1nimy 1161166661116 8110 v. 5193}, 1 .n « wfisu;r'un .IIfaanI far surpass :tli'ose of another in the same vicmi.ty .The amount of income derived. from:- at. $1500 .‘per ton, the sheep feeder can make. * to pay? taxes, to .pay grocery bills, to pay- for. horses must be boarded through seasons of idle- Ithe crops of thefarms, the soil fertility of these - period of 23 years, from 1890 toI1912, is approxi~ -Ihighcr. ifarrfiers is aptly illustrated by the study of Mon— I".waStviinted. and the farm records taken“ found that the farms that had Only :18 acres to -the.-? animal 'unit or the equivalent of a mature - cow or- horse, returned an average income above .aIIllI. expenses, taxes 'and iIn'tere the. same but . 'I‘th: management result." ”’Ifi. “different net incomes ' :- I close of each year. , .. _ different managemcmnt the crop. yields 05191111 live stock is much greater with one farmer. than mfi‘i his ,next (1601' neighbor . — . PraIcticIallIIy IereryI farmer” is interested in making-v a‘ little more, than a bare living. It reqirires- .m'oney ‘ schooling the farm Ibbys and' girls, All of,.th.e§‘e' calls ‘rnusit be met from the net proceeds I9fI'I‘tIlj1'Ie' .fai'm. wT-lie h-ope- 06 every person 13.16125: 3 bit. way £013. a' rainy 112:?” '. aftéri‘a‘mf fhe’tfi‘gcfit‘: calls:upon'tl1e-fa' ma: incume have been met there SOOnI becomes" a very' he' result” of the discour— is nothing IIlIeIIfIt, ,farm discouraging busmess. ‘.'" The ' 'cerisus returns from any Corn Belt state show the results of unprofitable systems (if agriculture In the past few years, studies undertaken lfli representative sections in different states lift-V? thrown a great amount of light upon why some farms make money for their owners and why some make little or even lose money. There has been a surprising degree of agreement upon the general factors underlying profit and loss upon all of the farms in every section,- In every case, .the'averages taken from all of” the‘farms in a township or county have.'showi1 that the live stOck farmers have been the men who have been enjoying the greatest return from their opera-I tions. By the term—live stock farmer—is meant the one whose income is made largely'fr'om the sales of live stock products. His grain sales form a very small part of his annual}, cash profits. In wonking a farm, a live stock system of manage- ment has advantages that are inherent to that business. The labor demands are scattered throughout the year more uniformly so that there is no great overwhelming rush at one sea— son and nothing to do at other times. If the farm is large enough for employment of labor other than that of the owner or tenant, the live stock farmer has steady work and consequently is able to hire a good class of labor at fair wages per day. The grain growing farmer must be c011- teut with a less desirable class of labor and pay higher daily wages since he is forced by his ,system of farming to hire men at the‘busiest sea— sons of the year. The horse labor has been found to be a source of large losses upon many farms, whose system of management is such that many [11:11:11i111i)ililimmmmmimuiiiu ness. This condition is less apt to occur upon live stock farms. Another source of income that is enjoyed by thelive stock man is that Iextra profit de1ived from the conversion of the raw products of his farm—corn, oats, clover, alfalfa, straw, etc.— into the finished products of milk, cream, butter, p01k beef, mutton and wool. This profit com— pares with the profit of the steel mill that con— verts raw. iron ore into iron and steel. The live stock manufacturer has the advantages of. the producer of raw materials in obtaining higher prices for his products. As a result of the use of live stockto market .111“ llll 'Illlll' 1.1 live stock farms are more, easily retained or en- hanced. Under the bestconditions, when farm cropsrand purchased feeds are fed to live stock. 5' ‘ a it is estimated that two—thirds of the nitrogen, . three— fourths of the phosphoric acid and four— ' fifths of the potash contained in the crops 6r feeds may be returned to the soil. This means that in addition to the actual money ieceived above the cost of the raw materials, the ;manure resulting from live stock. is.a very considerable item in the ultimate returns from live stock farms. The average value of a ton of manure when judg (red by the increased crop yields ob- tained by the Purdue Experiment Station over a l '1 1 1'... : I matelv' two dollars per ton. At the present prices of crops and fertilizers, the value w6uld be still The increased income- enjoyed by live stoék roe 'wanShip in Pulaski County. Every farm It was. 1': 61.3685 011.1311: ...... d lllll[lllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllll' llllllllllllHllllHllli'lllllllllilllllllHlllll / 1111111|11ll“'l'4Hl‘ IHIIlllHlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllll 'to’ be shallow. rowmg neighbors The comparison between tW?e’ classes g‘oes still faither. The average fgi‘tihty Of their farms was .compared. It was :4 fopnd that on the lightly stogked farms 120 acres (Continued on» page 20) -- *4 ~ ~.1 rf EoW EXPERIMENTS EAVE PROVEN VALUE OF SILAGE FOR QA‘TTLE The total output 'of beef herds in thisstate is . not suflicient‘to- begin to supply the number of feeding calves, yearlings and two-year-olds that are required to annually ’fill’ the lots of the ”cattle feeders. Upon the western range country and Irougher portions of" the central" west, has fallen largely "the task’ of supplying the number idesired above home supply. 'For some years, this .,,has. werked to the advantage of the :cattle feeder. Stock'and. feeder cattle could be purchased at some of the public markets or upon the rangefor less than the same cattle could be ' produced upon the states farms. Recently, how- ever, the shortage in supply of western cattle has caused a general advance "in prices so that Stock and feeding cattle have become very high in' price and also often difficult to obtain. At the present time, on many Michigan farms that have a considerable portion of rough broken land not fit for producing cultivated crops, herds of beef The pride of Tuscola at the present time in silos is the 12x32 Liberty Hoiilow Wall Redwood Silo which was recently erected on the farm of Mrs. E. Mueller at Richville. This was the first silo of this kind to be erected in that vicinity and has attracted a great deal of attention. cows can be and are profitably used. In many cases, the pastures that are now existing are not used to their best advantage, either because of not enough live stock or of the poor quality of the stock now used. In many counties in this state, there are considerable areas of hill land that should be used for grazing purposes. Many of these fields have been washed badly when used for cultivated crops. In a recent publication of‘thc"Departmcnt of Agriculture, the results of some researches into the profits of farms in the Blue Grass region of Kentucky appear. The farmsstudied in this region are more or less hilly with soil inclining The general description of the farms fits very closely farms in many southern Indiana counties. The author says: “The most successful farm— ers visited seldom had less than 1,000 pounds of live stock for each six acres of farm land. Farms that had labor incomes below $500.00 and were rated as unsuccessful had an average of 1,000 pounds ‘of live stdck to about ten acres of land.” The following sentence is a rather striking illus- -‘ tration of the importance of beef animals upon these farms. “The study made of these farms 3‘shows that when 50 to 60 per cent of the live stock was in beef animals the greatest profits ‘ were realized.” ,EOneaoi the reasons why there are not more of: herds upon farms is that the annual 1“ mi‘ -.r1- Vaifalfa hay and grain " can easily eat their heads )gm' JW‘ i‘i’eéx‘i ed much that " there has been but little proflt.T1ie feeds used 13i- winter maintenance have this excessive cost _. Beet cows carried through . the Winter 611-- clover Aor- . off. . , The silo is now afford. ing a means of cutting”! this" ‘winter maintenance 51‘ ’ cost. The use of! silage V in the breeding herd does not cause any bad effects upon the strength of the coWs. the per- centage of calves, or the, I milking or the cows after calving. The cows come through the winter in good shape, drop strong calves and suckle them in good shape. During the winter of 1904-05, the Illinois Ex- periment Station car- ried 30 beef feows thru the winter upon three dif- ferent rations. Lot 1 received silage, clover hei, or (111mm, hay and oats straw; Lot him- 2 received shocked'eorn, clover hay and oat straw; Lot 3 received corn stovcr and oat straw, clover hay being fed for the last 82 (lays in addition The following tables gives the results of these three rations “'1ntering 30 Beef (lows for 140 Days Shock Corn Average Cow Silage Lot Lot Stover Lot Initial weight ........ 860.33 lbs. 858.5 lbs. 859.83 lbs. I‘inal weight .......... 1010.43 lbs. 964.69 lbs. 916.36 lbs. Average daily gain. 1.07 lbs. 0.758 lbs. 0.41 lbs. Average daily feed—— Silage . . .......... 16.651bs. (lover hay ........ 3.5011)s. 3.50 lbs. 3.501bs. Oat straw ......... 9.56 lbs. 10.83 lbs. 8.191115. Shock corn ........ 8.60 lbs. Stover . . .......... 13.7 lbs. Acres needed to supply feed for 140 days for 1 cow ............. 0.95 acres 1.03 acres 1.14 acres The lot receiving corn stovcr (lid not winter well. Their hair was in poor condition, they did not relish their feed and gained very slowly. In feeding a herd of twenty cows through the win- ter it would have taken 19 acres to feed them with the silage ration, 20.6 acres with the shock corn and 22.8 acres with the corn stover. The silo, bcside making the highest and the most economi— cal gain required lcss acreagc to provide the feed needed by the cows. For the last several years, the beef hcrds at Purdue University have been maintained during the winter upon rations containing considerable amounts of corn silage. There have been no lots fed other rations to be used as'check'lots. However, the amount of feed eaten and gains in live weight will be of value in indicating suc- "cessful silage rations for wintering beef animals The first table shows the rations used with yearling heifers. The reader will' notice that some grain has been fed. Yearling heifers should receive some grain or concentrate so that they may make suitable growth. .. “’intering Yearling Heifers 1913-14 1914»15 1915—16 No. of heifers ............ 14 13 12 Total average gain ....... 142. 8 lbs. 225.7 lbs. 179.4 lbs. Ave daily feed per heiferw Corn silage .......... 13.77 lbs. 12.77111: 21.43 lbs. Oat straw ........ 2.98 lbs. 4.64 lbs. Corn stovcr ........... 5.77 lbs. Corn . ............. 1.99 lbs. 2.91 lbs. 3.4 lbs. This Saginaw Steel—built Redwood Silo saved its owner, Tuscolu county, over $500 which was more than the silo cost The frost cut his corn last season before it matured and without this silo his corn crop would have been a total waste; as it was he fed a canoud of cattle making a. profit that exceedod his expectations. building on the farm is the statement of this ’l‘uscoln. farmer. M r. Richard llolz— The silo is the most important ("lover hay ........... 3.58 lbs. ()il meal 1.901115. 2.91 lbs. Thc next table is for two—ycar—old hcifers. The heifers in the majority of cases wcrc bred to drop calves in the spring. In one casc the animals lost the pounds per head and in thc othcr g llilC(l slightly over two pounds per hcad. wintering Two—year-old Heifers 191415 191546 No of hc‘ifcrs ................. l4 . 12 Total gain or loss ............. 141557001115. (iaan7.5 lbs. Ave. daily feed er llt‘ift‘l*~ (‘orn silage ............... 24.3111s. 27.0 lbs. (lat straw ................ 5.71115. (“om stover .............. 6.251118. The next table 15 that ol wmtermg cows, calv— ing in the fall and nursing calvcs. (irain and concentratcs are needed by wet cows in order to maintain a good milk flow in winter. The objcct in feeding thcsc cows, as well as in the case of the heifers, was to maintain them as cheaply as possible but with care so that their..f11— tnrc usefulncss and the propcr growth of their offspring be nuiiiitaincd. “'intering (‘ows with Suckling (‘ulves 1911.314 1914-15 1915~16 No of cows ............... 10 10 Total gain pcr co“ ........ 109 0‘ lbs. 11.2.5 lbs. 83.0 lbs. Avt. daily fctd pcr con ( orn silage ............ 26.331115: 26.35 lbs. 31.4 lbs. Oat straw ............ 4.51le. 51.8 lbs. (‘lover hay ........... 5.0311»; 2.041113. Corn stover ............. . 6.25 lbs. Oats . . ............... 5.03 lbs. (1.0 lbs. 4.0 lbs. Shelled corn .......... 4.4111114. (1,0 lbs. 4.0 lbs. Bran . .............. 3.51 lbs. 2.0 lbs. A furthcr illustration of the imporiancc of corn silage with the beef man is the carrying,r of dry cows through the winter on liberal amounts of silage. During the winter of 1915—16, ten Ilere— ford cows were wintcred at the Purdue farm on corn silage and out straw, consuming approxi— mately thirty pounds of silage and ten pounds of oat straw daily. During the wintcr of 1016—17. the same cow ate corn silage and stover. The calf crop averaged 100 per cent both ycars. The cows and their offspring wcre in good condition and the calves have grown satisfactorily. I.ive stock means permanent agriculture. The question can aptly be asked: “What is a live stock farm without a silo?” . valianaing Silos on the Bivers'lde Dairy Farm of W. H Boardmnn, '1A4’1.’ 1m111mmIfuaIIWinMIMltfllm»mmnmflimnimrimmmmlmmmmmmmmmlmmmnnmmmmnmnlm11111mm11mInlmlummumuniiuulmuulmlandfill11m:nutlwlmlwmmmmmlw Vassar, Mich. _,.I .1. . -. -..> . _—-. A rhinmnnmum ‘3" ,. . 1. .1111... 1';l1.11.1.llll'l‘llllllillillililllllllllmu mun '1 ‘11illIllllllllllilllllllll“151"llll'liillllill‘lfll 7'11'111111‘1‘ '- 1 Will rIllillllllllllllllllll It :11 1:1 .151.11|11.‘i1 Vilfltlllltiil‘li 1‘ “ £111. ' 111111111111111111...1 FARMERs'tAER-VKA ‘BUAEAUI r (A clearing department for farmers' everyday (rollb- les. Prompt and careful attention given to all com-:. plaints or requests for information addressed to this department. We are here to serve you. Call upon us.) ‘Wum auntmtutumtwmwmtmma 4:11 1:1 GRAIN CORPORATION BELIEVES WHEAT FEEDS WILL BE PLENTIFUL Sometime ago the Detroit Milling Company \xiote us the following letter upon the probable growing scarcity of wheat feeds and asked us to present the information to our readers: “The United States Grain Corporation, which is the grain division of the Food Administration, has put out tentative rules governing the milling and handling of wheat next year, and apparently the plan is to export a great deal of wheat. This is shown by the fact that a very low rate of freight has been arranged 011 wheat from the Pa- citic to the Atlantic coast. The rate is about 011e- hull‘ of the rate 011 flour so that it would appear that the wheat millers of the Pacific coast will he put out of business. Also the buying of all the cxport flour of the country is to he in the hands of the Grain Corporation. “'l‘hc plan also involvos the use in this country of only three pounds of wheat flour per person per week, This all confirms 11 c opinion that wheat will be exported very largely, therefore no wheat feed. or a very small amount, will be available for sale in this country. and while the regulations call for a low price on wheat feed there will be no more for sale than there has been this past year. As the oat and Co’l‘ll crops are not made yet, mill feed is very essential to the farmer. ..nd we be- lieve that the farmers should be interested in these rules as affecting their supply of wheat feeds. "lt, will do no good to have low prices on wheat iced if the farmer cannot get it. The farmer is very much interested in the price of wheat. feeds. because from it he produces butter. milk and ani- mal products."~—I)clroif Milling (‘0. This letter was referred to the Grain Corporation who replied as follows ”1 would say first. with reference to the Pacific coast, that this entire question has been the sub- jcct of a vcry exhaustive inquiry and every interest affected has been able to present its side of the question, and I am quite satisfied that, the final plan applicable to the Pacific coast will be found to \xork no special hardship on any industry or inter- est. and that fears to this end will be dissipated quickly once the plan is thoroughly understood and becomes operative. "Speaking broadly as to wheat. mill feeds. I think it only reasonable to expect, that, with large wheat crop there should be an increase. in the amount of feed available in the United States. Will cheerfully give you any specific information you may wish.“ l'ootl .ldminislmtion (.‘rain Corporation, H. D. [Hf/1 1, M. mu] Vit c Pu .sidcnt. WHAT PRICE DO FARMERS THINK RYE SHOULD BRING I think the M. B F. is doing more for the farmer than any other paper. I don 1, want. to be without it. I enclose a dollar to pay up. Is there a price on rye? If not. why not, if the government wants it'F—(r'. 12'. l’., Hcspcrio. The government, has not set a price on rye al- though there has been considerable agitation along that line. Any price that the government might set, however, would probably be lower than the price might ordinarily go according to the law of supply and demand. We infer that you are not satisfied with the present prices on rye,' What do you think would be a fair price‘.’ SHALL I SELL MY CHICKS FOR BROILERS OR HOLD THEM? l have about three hundred young chickens and would like your advice about marketing them. Shall I sell at the broiler stagc or keep them till roasting size. I am paying 5‘ch a pound for thick feed by the llllmlrctl pound lots; paid 7‘rt-c rolled oats; -1‘~_-c for barley, and will not. have any grain of my own until after the new crops are harvested. From the Hoover standpoint it would seem better to kccp them until late fall but I do not want to lose out on them. I am offered 3141' for broilers now. 1 don’t think that will leave me much for my time after expenses are de'luctcd.—~ 1/12». 11‘. (I. ('.. .trlrian. ‘ lt is very difficult, for us to give our readers ad— vice upon this subject. The amount of time one has to give to the feedins and care of the chicks. local feed prices, and many other local factors with which we are not familiar very material effect upon one's profit. in either. case. The Food Administration has asked the farmers as arpatriotic measure to raise the chicks, and many will be guided by this request rather 1ban a desire to gain the most: profit. In our judgment. the Food Administration would have placed the poultry raiser in a better position if it had sanctioned the sale of at least a portion of _ the spring flock as broilers. for many, if not the --~wer11.1qusj11m..-:1 -~,.5,...4.\,-1..1..1,,(,1 . -. majority will make more money dispos1ne of brOi-l- l-ers right now than they will in selling roasters. next fall. tion.” over fifteen million dollars. might have a, While it is generally expected that peo- ple engaged in other businesses will naturally Sell their'product when it will bring them the most returns, even in war time, for some reason or other the rule does not seem to apply to farmers. The meat supplies of the Allies are on the increase and we do not believe the future supply will be at alljeopardized if farmers who do net“ desire to carry their chicks thru till fall and dispose of them at an uncertain price, should sell their chicks for broilers now. But you ought to get more than 33c a pennd for them in Monroe county._ The week your dealer offered you that, broilers were bringing ~10 to 45 cents in the city of Detroit. NEW GOVERNMENT BULLETINS THAT FARMERS SHOULD HAVE Below is a list of the bulletins that have been issued by the United States Department of Agri- culture during the past couple of weeks. Farmers desiring to secure copies of these may do so on ap. plication to the Division of Publications, 1'. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, I). (7. Bulletin No. 9151. “Transferring Bees 10 Modern Hives." No. 915:1, “Tractor Experience in Illinois.” No. 952, “Breeds of Light Horses ” No. 972 “How to Use Sorghum Grain” No. 984, “Farm and Home D1ying of Fruits and Vegetables.” No. 688, “Marketing Berries, and Cherries by Par- cel Post.” No. 918,"Peach Varieties and Their Classifica- .No. 9-19. “Dehornins‘ and Castrating Cattle.” No. 926. “Some Common Disinfectants.” No. 921.“The Pinciples of the Liming of Soils." No. 967. “Purple Vetch.” No. 964. “Farm Household Accounts." No. 977. “Hay Caps.” From the Morning’s Mail ()ne of my friends says the M. B. IA‘. is the best farm paper he has ever seen and would like to take it.—*.Il. J. M._ ('crcsco. \Ve like the M. B. 11‘. fine and look forward anxiously to each copy. We are doing all we can for the paper and will get subscriptions whenever we can but are so busy now. Wish. ing you the best of success, I am yours for right prices and a square deal.——(7. L. B., 'll"£ll'imn.s-burg. I like your paper very much as it is one I think is deeply interested in farmers and their rightsfld. M.. Iv‘owlcrvillc, Mich. The M. B. F. is by far the best farm jour— nal I receive.~»—M. L. [1,. Sunny/side Farm. (‘olhoun County. PRICES GROCERS SHOULD CHARGE ’ FOR THE SUBSTITUTE'FLOURS I would like to know if the grocer charged me too much for the following: 10 lbs. corn flour .................. $ .90 10 lbs, rye flour. . .. ................ L40 25 lbs. wheat flour .................. 1.85 ~—Subsc-ribcr. (y'crmask, Eight cents per pound is the retail price of corn flour today in the lowest; sections of Michigan. The wholesale price is $5.25 per cwt. This price should be general for Michigan. The price of wheat: flour seems to be at least 20 cents too high and the price or rye is also above what would be a fair price in most of the markets in Michigan. It is possible that transportation and other ex- penses connected with securing stocks of food in Germfask are unusually high and it is impossible to positively state what the prices should be without knowing the cost of the products to the dealer.w(lcd. .-t. Prcscoit. chcrul Food stdminnis- tmfor. THE ALPIAN TUNNEL IS THE LONGEST IN THE WORLD The Simplon tunnel is the longest tunnel in the world. being ovcr twelve miles in length. The bor- ing of this famous tunnel through the Alps occu: picd ten thousand men almost ten years. and cost The wonderful feature of this tunnel is the immense distance below the top of the mountain through which it runs. The tunnel climbs up into the heart of the Alps. and yet at the highest point there is over a mile of the lofty peak above it. It could have run nearer the top of the mountain but that would have made the grade too steep for the trains to climb. On the Swiss side the entrance to the tunnel is 2,249 feet above sea level, and on the Italian side it.is 2,079 feet. The Alps are pierced by two other tunnels. the Saint Gothard and the Mount (Tends—Young People. — 14.112“ L. .- -'-Aw..__.__.1.1.._;_£u“fim“___ -. ‘ _. _ -.... FACTS ABOUT ROSEN RYE :. . '. AND RED max wnEAT} Many times during the last few weeks the writer has heard farmers make some such statement as, “I wish I had known that. Rye cross fertilized and I would have kept my Rosen Rye farther my field of common’ This fact has been given conside1able public-- ity in the past and stress has always been laid on this point in the sale of pedigreed Rye. But the majority of people have not realized the necess- ity of‘growing Rosen‘forty rods or more from common with the result that the most of the form- er is badly creased. ' Rosen Rye has yielded phenomenaly and yet consistently better than common rye from Menom- inee county in the Upper Peninsula to the ex- treme southern Michigan, and moreover, its val- ue has not been confined to his state alone. For two years now, it has proven its worth in Northern Indiana, and this year reports are now coming in from more than a dozen different states ove: a wide range, commending the variety. The: is no longer a question in the mind:. of lVIichigan farmers, who have tried this rye. as to its superiority over common varieties. Prac- tically the entire acreage of the state this year. will be sewn to Rye, bearing the name Rosen. It is the chief purpose of this article to point out the necessity of buying the genuine article in reality as well as name. Pure Rosen Rye has heads bearing four complete- ly filled rows of kernels. This condition is rarely found in a field of common rye. The. latter very seldom pcllinates properly and a; a result there are usrally a number of blanks in every head where there should be grains. The result is common rye ordinarily has about two thirds :18 many grains per head as Rosen. Now the pollen for rye is wind-borne, like corn, and if common rye is grown within 40 lOdS of Ron e11 especially on the side from which prevailing winds come cross fertilization of the varieties occurs As far as Rosen Rye is concerned this is about as productive of results as attempting to increase the milk production of Holstein cattle by crossing with Polled Angus. Practically all the Rosen Rye in the st tate is now more or less mixed, so in sclectJig Rosen Rye for seed this fall, try and examine the field from which you intend I.) get seel and use from a source bearing the largest proportion of perfect. heads or obtain Registered Inspected Seed Require- ments of the Michigan Crop Improvement Asso- ciation. Improvement can be made by field selecting perfect heads from a. fie‘d not too badly crossed. These of course, will have some bloc: of common. but will be a great improvement over the average. Rosen P A. has proved a boon to thousands of Michigan farmers, especially in the ,..1ndy and sandy loam section. Now if the satisfactory yields obtained during the past. four years are to be maintained, more attention will have to be given to seed selection from now on. As to Red Rock Wheat this variety has firmly intrenched itself in favor of farmers in practically all the clay and clay loam wheat growing sections of the state. This variety is not especially adapted to light sand or infertile sand 1011 us, its long hard berry tending to produce more shrunk and yellow berry grains under 1.1cse conditions than some of the softer wheats. But on good land its winter hardiness. its high yielding ability and good millng quality have won it a deserved reputation as a desirable wheat for Michigan, and placed it in five years since it was first distributed, as the most exten- sively sown single variety of wheat in Michigan. As wheat does not cross fertilize, this factor has not influenced the purity of Red Rock. How- ever, a great deal of it has been badly mixed ‘through’common threshing practice and cleaning in public elevators, so that the securing of pure, clean seed is also an essential factor with this variety. vl. M. Nicholson. la‘J-Icnsion Spcciolist, M. .1. (’. Lansi11g:~’l‘hru the efforts of Chas. A. l’arcells. Michigan state director for the Boys' Working lx’cscryc, it is expected that a numbcr of farm training camps will be established in Michigan this fall for the purposc of training boys for work on farms next summer. The success of a camp at \Nixom, Oakland county, has prOmptcd Gov. Sleeper to give his‘cndorscment of the idea. ' J. M. Preston writes that; silos can be erected as late as September tenth in Michigan and still be in time for cutting. He advises however that owing to present railroad conditions your order be placed through your local agent right away. or you may be dissapointed. from r..111.111111111111111111111 111 .1-1 .‘1.111d1111.11d11'1ll11111d .1 111:15‘m 1‘. idlllb 111111 .1. 1.11. dlldlllm. 11.1.1111. ..u1til.u.1:.t...1.. .11111111111.1.1:.11111:1111.1|11.1.i,. 1.11.1111 1111111111 1 1 .111111‘1111;,1. “zucuiwr moor::«s-wwmultmu-tulhixtlmeglmm!=11;:.;1mtllluttflW .. ,...-__,_.~ _ 'flb- IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|I|IIIIlIIIIlIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIJ‘IIIIII - .. ,_-,._,_. IIIIII .IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIllIlIllIlIIIllIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIUIIIIIIII IIIIIII'IIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllII!IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII EIIlIlI'IIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIlIIIIIlIIlIIIIlIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII re the 33rd annual inset Mr. Aitlcin owns a large dairy farm near Flint, this state, Where he has bred. and developed some celebrated cows. Butter Boy Rosina was the ‘world’s champion 3- year-old in 1908 and Flint Bertjusca Pauline was the world's champion sen- ior‘ 2-year-old in 1915. Mr. Aitlcen’ s efl’orts of later years have been in developing a herd of long dis- tance animals. His senior herd sire now has a dam and granddam each with a recdrd of better than 1200 lbs. of butter in a year, and his junior herd sire has a dam and granddam with an average of better than 1200 lbs. of butter in a year. Mr. Ait- hen is well qualified from a long personal exper- ience in the breeding of Holsteins to write with authority on any subject akin to dairying. He has consented to write upon other dairy subjects for the benefit of MLCHIGAN BUSI- NESS FARMING readers, and his co- operation will help to make M. B. F. a .thoroly representative organ for the-promotion of the varied dairying interests of the state. I have noticed recently that you are giving spe- cial attention to the dairy interests, and I am con- vinced that no branch of agriculture offers great- er opportunity for profits than that of dairying. The want of more profits in dairying in the past has been to a certain extent the fault of the farmer himself. He has not adopted the practices that were calculated to bring him the best returns and has not, in my judgment, given the dairy depart- ment the consideration to which it is entitled. When I-was a boy at home on the farm in this county fifty years ago we kept scrub COWS, we cut the hay 'with a scythe and the wheat with a cradle. To' punch the cradler with the end of the rake stale while binding up his swathe required not only skill but quick movements, and during the harvest- ing period that was one of the important functions I performed as I grew older. My youngest effort was spreading the hay from the swathes of‘the mower. Later on we discarded the scythe and used a mowing machine. The cradle was discarded for the reaper, and the crude machinery first offer. ed has gradually developed into our presen-t ma- chinery for handling the usual and ordinary pro- ducts of the farm, but the scrub cow still remains. Thousands of the good farmers of Michigan are using that same scrub machine. It may have im- proved slightly but still represents the intellectual parallel of the cradle and the scythe. There have been just as great advancements in dairy industry machines as in the tools for hand- ling hay and grain. The old scrub cow that made from 4 to 7 pounds of butter in a week was the best to be had in that period. 250 to 300 pounds of butter in a year represented good dairy husbandry of that date and was far beyond the average of the state. The dairymen of the country, however, have been improving. There has been evolved by correct principles in breeding milking ma- chines called dairy cows, that are producing from two to five time as much product as did the'scrub of fifty years ago. The Holstein-Friesian Association of which I am president, has what we call the advanced re- gistry, where teSts are made of the production of these dairy animals. We have reco-rds that show that a cow has produced as high as 1500 pounds of butter in a year—three—quarters of a ton! That cow has produced as high as 50 pounds of butter in one week. Other purebred dairy milking ma- . ,fg, of the Holstein-n 5"Fr-tesian Associationmf America, June 5th, D D. :‘:Aitken was raj-elected president (ii. We association, for his fifth consecutive term a well merited hon-. nor and 'a recognition of the tremendous growth {of the association during. the four years of. his in- .xcumben’cy , at persons, each selecting their choice. have improved their herds by using pure- bred sites and turning out What is knOWn as grade 5 ~ milking machines, a tr‘émendous’ improvement * over the scrub. "reaper as” compared f'W‘ith the cradle. great majority of the butter producing animals of likened to, We might say, the Still the Michigan. are today grades, preducing not less than 250 pounds of butter 1111 a year. That is why Mich- 1 igan is not the first dairy state in the union. There is not a‘state better calculated for dairying ‘than‘Micliigan; there’s-no state that contains more flowing wells and other sources of pure water than Michigan; there’s no climate better calculated for the developmentof the dairy cow and no state with less pests to harass them. With alfalfa and corn ensilage produced in as liberal amounts and of as high quality asrany in the land there is absolutely no excuse, for us being out of the front ranks, ex- cept the use of poor machinery in the production of our product, and that is the cow, the milking ma- chine, You ask for the remedy and my answer is, that the farmer must have imprOVed machines. If he does not feel like using pure—breds then he should use a pure bred sire and by evolution im- prove his dairy machinery. I believe, however, that any farmer who is operating his own farm, supervising his work, could gain not only increas- ed satisfaction but increased financial returns if he will start with a few pure bred animals of the breed of his choice for good families, keeping the females until in a few years his entire herd will be pure-bred and of a family .and a strain calcuL ated to produce the dairy products at the lowest possible cost. The theory that the farmer cannot afford to have better dairy cows, cannot afford to have pure- bred milking machines, to me is an idle argument. My contention is (and I know I am right) he can- not afford to have anything else if he is going to produce milk, butter and cheese. The only machine- ry that will produce these commodities at a profit and with efficiency is that calculated by nature for that purpose, and nature’s instrumentality has been animals from certain lines of breeding, for generations utilized and operated for the produc~ tion of milk. How idle it would be for a man oper- ating a farm to say that he could not afford a mowing machine. or could not afford a grain bind- er, and attempt to cut his hay and grain with the scythe and the cradle. Still there is just as much argument for it, for while we only use the scythe and the cradle a few days in the year we use the milking machine nine months in the year, and when you are only producing a pound of butter or 25 pounds of milk when you ought to be producing 2 pounds of butter or 50 pound-s of milk at prac? tically the same cost, then you are demonstrating to a moral certainty that you cannot afford 0 keep these low producing animals. I am acquainted with a number of farme-rs in Michigan who keep scrub cows and feed and care for them in first-class manner, and get as good re- sults as it is possible to get from that character and class of tools. Those same men, however, and wih the same care and the same amount of feed with genuine dairy animals could double the pro- duction and triple the profit, for I am firmly con- vinced that if they were to count their labor at the present prices the average scrub cow would be kept at a loss, and it is only because the farmer does not appreciate the value of his own services that he keeps these inferior animals. I think, therefore, Mr. Editor, that it is up to the farmer to install different machinery for the manufacturing of milk, butter and cheese, and I want to congratulate you for the assistance you are giving in that direction—D. D. Aitken. President, Holstein—Fricsian Association of America. The Nature, Care, Feeding and Breeding of Sheep Michigan Hampshire Ram of the Parsons Flock at Leona. Park Farms, Grand Ledge, Mich. IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIlIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|I|l|IIIlIIIIII' IlII. I{IIIil|IIiIlliIIlIIIIIIlIIII'IIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIllIIIIIIIiIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIII By ROMEYN C. PARSONS Sheep are like rabbits in nature and need a va- riety of feed, therefore frequent change of pasture. Low lands are dangerous except for a short period in summer when very dry. They do best where it is dry underfoot at all times with high land fo-r their resting place. They. should be protected from cold rains in the fall if you would avoid sickness. Provide good winter shelter with plenty of air, without direct drafts. Spray the walls, feeding racks and floors with some good disinfectant. Plenty of feed is necessary for success; roots are needed, clover, alfalfa, beats and bean pods, fine grass and corn fodder, all much better than tim- othy hay. Grain, ensilage, or some succulent food should be given the ewe flock beginning January 1 st, until grass time. It’s up to you so don’t fool yourself, if you feed and care for your flock wel1, you will be satisfactory records, There is only one way—be a good feeder, be careful, be thoughtful of your flock in advance, before they are hit by neglect. Do‘ not let the little lambs stop for a moment in their‘growth, from the time they are born until'they are one year old. At weaning time lambs must have'the best of pasture, clover preferred,‘ but later beware of frosted grass. Put ewes on short feed until dried up. All eweslwith- teeth gone should be disposed of regularly eachhfall before winter sets in, and have cabbageo. roots on hand to ease off the de- cided change from green pasture to green hay. Learn at once to tell a sheep’s age by its teeth; it means more-to the fleck-master than you think. Rams should not be with the flock except through the breeding season. Build the right kind of feed- ing mangers that will keep the hay dirt out of wool and remember that sheep want their feeding troughs kept'clean. Supply water fresh throughout the winter. Sweep out each day if necessary and disinfect every thirty days. Look out for ticks and lice. If your flock has them shear before lambing time or if afterwards be sure to dip the lambs, as the ticks will immedi- ately go from the old sheep to the lamb. If you haven’t time you can afford to pay some man or boy $10.00 a day to do it for you and you will then. boy $10 a day to do it for you and you will then be many dollars ahead; it costs a lot to feed ticks. Beware of stomach worms—the lamb’s worst enemy. More lambs and sheep die in summer, fall and winter from effects of worms than from all other causes combined. Ticks and starvation take their toll in late winter and spring. If your lambs or sheep look gaunt and dull with ears dropped and some scour without good cause you can be quite sure that the trouble is worms, which should be removed at once or a big loss will result. Don’t delay to drive the ticks and worms from the sheep or they will put you out of business. Remember the law of reward and punishment is certain with sheep. They will pay you back in lambs and wool for all the good you do for them. The good flock—master sees that the new born lamb gets nourishment from the ewe as soon as it is dry and in no case should the little one be chilled. You can’t earn higher wages than by sit- ting up nights at lambing time. The tails on lambs should be bocked before four weeks old; cut tails one inch from the body. All rams, unless pure bred, should be castrated. Many unexpected early lambs are lost each win- ter by carlessly leaving a neglected ram lamb in the flock During the mating season which is from August 1st to February 1st, and some few breeds of sheep mate any time of year, but no matter what kind of a ewe flock you have, it can be im- proved and it should be your job to do it with care, feed. and high class rams. A safe rule is to buy a pure-bred ram whose value is four times the av- erage value of. your ewes, that is, if your ewes are worth $12.50 a head you should expect to pay $50 for a ram Hot house or show sheep are seldom good sires and many times not even good sheep. They would only look good to the inexperienced. The deceptive part of the show ring will some day pass away to be superceded by the products of our scholars in the true art and science of breeding. Also I hope to see our government establish an experimental station for the scientific development of Sheep and the study of sheep diseases. It has been my experienc and I think it is common know- ledge that even our best veterinaries know very lit- tle about doctoring sheep and I know of no school where a special course in this line can be bad. This prevailing condition has caused me to estab- lish an experiment station at “Leona Park Farm,” Grand Ledge. Mich. The commendable work being done with plant life by Luther Burbank at Santa Rosa, California, is not impossible to duplicate in animal life. although the short space of one life- time is not sufficient for full accomplishment. The Owl S. Golden Queen 275736.11 Jersey cow own— ed by E. L. Brewer of Satsop, Wash. This cow has a record of 14, 226 pounds of milk and 918 pounds of fat in one year. 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Di.— "ct—:13 the hectic}; , ' algfeelin'g between the'north and the - south again to be revivedat this critical period when all minds of all sections ‘Should be planning for the common. good. . Unconsciously at first, but latterly with studied intent, northern and southern congress- men and senators ,have arrayed themselves against each other upon the issues of cotton and wheat prices. The south has stood solidly back of the President in his opposition to a higher wheat price. but until recently has been violently opposed to any control whatever over the cotton market. As a result of the government price on wheat, growers are obliged to sell that cereal at from $1 to $2 per bushel less than would have prevailed had the law of supply and demand been permitted to take its course, as it has in the cotton industry. Naturally. the subject is one calculated to arouse (lisension between the two sections of the country and one that requires the utmost diplomacy in dealing with. Northern senators have repeatedly scored the southern members for their self-interest, claim« mg that they do not have the good of the country at heart by taking such an attitude on two of the most important commodities. lf price—fixing on wheat is a good thing, price-fixing on cotton should be equally good and the nation’s legisla- tors should unite on a program which will treat both commodities alike. Last year’s crop of cotton, consisting of 11,000,~ 000 bales was less than an average crop. With limited supply and increased demand, the price has naturally advanced very rapidly, and has brought a steady stream of gold into the pockets of southern planters and manufacturers. The price of cotton advanced over 70 per cent during 1917, whereas the price of wheat declined about .70 per cent under government control. The cur- rent year's crop looks like a big one. The forc- cast is for 16,000,000 bales. and the planters are beginning to worry lest bumper crop presages a period of low prices. As a result there is some agitation for a fixed price on cotton as on wheat, a subject upon which the south itself is divided. However, no one claims that any part of the south would be willing to see a price fixed on cotton that would reduce the present price. Senator Core, in attacking the president's veto of $2.40 wheat, offered a comparison between the advances in cotton prices and wheat prices, as follows: Cotton Year. Wheat. cents. 1012 ......................... $ .76 11.52 1913 ......................... .700 12.80 1914 ......................... .986 11.13 1915 ......................... .919 10.14 1916 ......................... 1.603 14.45 1917 . . ...................... 2.009 23.49 The market price of cotton has been as high as 36 cents this year. . U ‘ American soldiers are now being sent overseas at the rate of 100,000 per week. If the supreme war council decides to continue if not to increase this rate, troops soon will be leaving the train- ing camps in much greater numbers than draftecs are entering. At the present rate of movement it is estimated that class 1 of the draft will be exhausted in September. The figures on the number of men remaining in Class 1 are: Number remaining on Aug. 1 next from the 1917 class..........................277,35‘) Estimated additions from reclassification, etc. . . ................................2oo,000 Estimated additions fronl class of 1918 registered June 5 last ................... 400.000 Total . . . . . . 877,339 At the present rate of shipment 80000011161) will go over seas between August lst and Sept. 30th. \Vhat will happen when Class 1 is exhausted. no one seems to know. Secretary Baker insists that the deferred alas;- fications will not be called upon, and announces that he has a program which calls for the raising of an additional 5,000,000 men who will be secured by extending the draft age limits. Congress will have to act immediately upon reconvening in August to change the age limits else the deter- red men will have to go or there will be lag in our shipments. * * National prohibition received a hard bump when in the discussion of the new revenue bill it was shown that the abolishment of alcoholic liquors would deprive the federal government of a round billion dollars of tax money which it sorely needs at the present time. Like the er figures-acorety‘ahgone" si'a'c‘f ~‘No figures are Submitted. to show the tremendous saving to the,gov;ernment and to the peeple when the money that is now spent in a useless drink, in enforcing the liquor laws, and in administering the liquor tax laws thatwould ‘be diverted to. the -war_ chest. This sudden “dis- covery” may stave off prohibition for the time being. but as soon as the American people have recovered from the shock and begin ouce'more to use their brains, they will see thru the shal- low argument without difficulty. ‘ I 3‘ Herbert C. Hoover has gone to England. There he will meet with the food representa— tives of all the other allied countries to discuss the food needs and supplies for the ensuing year. All the vast food resources of these great agri- cultural countries will be pooled and each will contribute its portion to the allied world’s table. America will be the great reserve supply house. \Nhat the European nations lack the coming year in making up their food budgets will be supplied by America. I 3 . Congressman Cramton has gone to Europe, leaving his political fortunes in the hands of his friends where, we are told, they will be quite safe. Moths are destroying Massachusetts cranberry bogs. Denver has a new company which will can rabbit meat. United States has 268,000 Civil War veterans on the pension rolls. ' Los Angeles is producing-glycerin enough for 1.220 shells daily from garbage. Up to June ’29th United States had expended $13,800,000,000 to fight Germany. Independence hall, Philadelphia, has abolished vis- itors’ register. Too many callers nowadays. Clairton, Pa. claims the largest coke oven plant in the world; 650 ovens of twelve tons capacity. Negro women of the United States raised about $5,000,000 for the Third Liberty Loan, according to a report from Mrs. Harry B. Talbert, President of the National Association of Colored Women. Flaxseed and Linseed have been placed upon the list of restricted imports. All outstanding licenses for the importation by sea of this commodity have been revoked, except for such goods as are now in transit or to be sent by boats which are now loading. Sugar planters in the Hawaiian islands are facing a shortage of bags used as containers for raw sugar. These bags have been imported from Calcutta. Re— cently machinery was sent to Honolulu from Wash- ington for manufacturing the bags from the fibre of banana tree trunks. The preliminary estimate of the Rice Millers As— sociation, published recently, gives the total rice acreage in the south this year as 1,130,717, compared with 978,107 acres last year. The acreage of the three principal rice producing states. Texas, Loursx- ana and Arkansas, exceeds the entire 1917 acreage in the United States, according to the estimate. The Government asks everyone to be careful and pass the word along to all that stray pigeons are being trained to carry messages and the loss 01 such would be. a severe loss to the Government. .So try to impress upon your family and your acquaint: ances the necessity of heeding the request. This is a very easy but efficient manner in which to aid in becoming victorious. NEW YORK BEAN SITUATION CLOSELY RESEMBLES MICHIGAN’S It is reported that, under the direction of the State Farms and Markets Council, that a check is being made on the bean holdings of growers and dealers in the Western New York territory. Questionaires have been sent out in large numbers. Coupled with this effort is the statement that an effort will be made to increase the consumption of beans, but growers have had false hopes raised several times already and some seem inclined to be skeptical of the plan. The bean market is still so quiet that any prince vhat, might be quoted would be nominal. However, despite the fact, that the few beans that have been sold in recent weeks have gone at decidedly lower figures than prevailed early in the season, retailers maintain the same high prices to the consumer. The ruling price at the stores now is from 16 to 18 cents a pound for state beans. This. it is held. retards sales and reduces consumption. There is some agitation against this short—sighted policy but it has never developed past the talk stage. ’vll..".ll,'l" W11". ‘JEJ‘Ii‘K‘Txafi Hilzlllnmmm Imulw mu .u ,um‘llf' "li.‘l!l".’ll‘?"l lTI" (For. a solid week ’the battles along the western front have-brought. victories to the Allies. The Ellll‘llllllll lilliiilldlilll‘ lll!".‘€l l'll’" "‘laEl?lllI?lllfll‘{Tlllllllll’llillfillllllll.‘lllllllhll’lillllfll'illlll‘llid year-old struggle for control of=the territory lathe vicinity of the Marne river which has brought Ger- many a few minor gains at a terrible loss of ‘life. is turning, and the counter-offensive, launched by French and American troops has forced the Germansback airing the entire 60.mile front to a depth. in some instances of eight to ten miles. Many towns and guns have been taken by Ameri- can forces, in addition to about 20.000 prisoners. The presence of American troops in such large numbers has taken the Germans by surprise and greatly weakened their morale. The present Al- lied drive is but a. minor operation. we are remind- ed, and that the big smash will come later on. It at The Kaiser’s U-boats‘Monday sunk the tug Perth Amboy and four barges off Cape Cod. The firing attracted thousands of people to the beach from where the battle could be plainly seen. A number of poorly aimed shells fell inland. No one. either on the boats or on shore were killed during the action, altho three sailors were injured. * * t The U-boats bagged their biggest game off the Atlantic coast last Friday when they attacked and sunk the armored cruiser. San Diego. The ship’s entire complement of 1,187 officers and men were saved. The San Diego was by far the biggest boat lost by the U. S. during the war. It is reported that the gunners remained on the boat until the water was in on them in the hopes of getting a shot at the submarine. :8 it t “The Americans are only cannon fodder and not the equal of our war-seasoned, unconquerable troops,” is the way the German official mouthpiece summed up the American troops only a few days, before they smashed into the German lines and sent the Huns retreating. After being repeatedly fed on such stories as these, it is not to be won- dered at that they go into battle over—confident of their superiority over the Americans, or that they are surprised i-nrto surrender when they find the Americans are fully their match. t C # Secretary Baker has decided that base-ball is a non-essential occupation and orders that all men of draft age playing professional liaseball..get into some useful occupation or fight. Owners of the professional teams profess to see a menace against the entire future of the national pastime in the Sec- retary's order as it will take from 85 to 90 per cent of the League players, and it will be impossible to ' continue the game with the small number of re. maining players over and under the draft age. t O t A Michigan boy, Assistant Pa‘ymaster'Robert- Herbert Halstead of Lansing. is among the miss- ing from the army supply ship; Westover, which was torpoed and sunk in the war zone, July 11th, while on its way to Europe. 1 Six Custer Soldiers‘wgre killed Sunday when. a freight car telescoped a D. U. R. limited near Chel- sea. snuffilnsr out the lives of 13 people and injnn ing 47. t t * The death of Lieut Quentin Roosevelt, son of Theodore Roosevelt, who fell inside the German lines during an engagement with a Hun airplane. has been confirmed by enemy dispatches. Young Roosevelt died like a hero and was buried with military honors by German airmen. who discover- ed his identity from the name on his pocket cases. The young man’s personal belongings are. being kept to be sent later to his relatives. 3 t 0 As we go to press the first authentic dispatches come from overseas showing the total German lors during the nine days engagement on the wes-‘ern front. During this period between 60 and 70 div- isions have been employed, with a loss of 180,002) men killed wounded and taken prisoner. * 3 :8 A Berne. Switzerland. dispatch commenting on the health of the Field Marshall von llindenburg would seem to give the lie to the story wide‘v circulated last week that the general was dead. The dispatch claims that the German war lorzl has been unable to take active part in any of the military operations of the present year. t 3 * An Austrian newspaper comments upon the superb organizing genius of the American people which has put over a million soldiers in France during the first year of its entrance into the war. “All latest reports,” says this paper. “are in agree- ment that there is no longer any doubt about the fact that one million Americans are in France today,” and it goes on to point out, that Germany is now facing three nations whose population is three times as great as hers and whose talents for organization and economic power are equal to those of Germany. Busy? Of course you are! But a few weeks from now you’ll need a silo and you'll wish you had ordered one-—why not get in touch with the manufacturer of the kind you want RIGHT AWAY, let him worry about getting it on your farm in time! lllll llllllnuuill Illllllllllli-' “ll-'- lllillllllllllll|||lllllllllllllllllllllllllll Ni] ii llllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllillll'l“ .lIlEllHillHllllllllllllllllllll[lllllllllllllllllllfi 5;.“ :1};- gage-21', 1:9 . sum 14» . Agog. ,.-. i. :‘.*r.»_- «: < iW a \ ' ‘ 'mtimmfitiiuwi THE POPULARITY OF THE PER- CHERON BREED IS GROWING During the last 19 months the Percheron breed- ers of the United States have sold more than 1.000 Percherons to Canadian buyers. 611 of these were purchased during the last 7 months by 91 different Canadian buyers. 32 purchasers were located in Alberta; 4 in British Columbia; 12 in Manitoba; 1 in New Brunswick; 7 in Ontario; am 35 .in Saskatchewan. 239 out of the 611 sold this past season were mares. It is believed that this con- stitutes a record for the exportation of any kind of purebred livestock into Canada. These very heavy exportations are significant of the growing popularity of Percherons in all parts of the Do- minion. and of Canadians' firm belief in the pros- perity in store for breeders of good draft horses. Measured by the total number of registrations made last year. Illinois and Iowa are far in the lead of all other states in Percheron production. Out of the 10508 Percherons recorded during the last fiscal year. Illinois recorded 2.386. or 22.7% of the total; Iowa. 2,110. or 20.07%; Ohio 864. or 8.22%; Kansas 759. or 7.22%; Nebraska 52“.. or 4.97%; Minnesota 447. or 4.25%; Indiana 440. or 4.18%; South Dakota 392. or 3.73%; North Dako- ta 370. 3.52%; Wisconsin 353. or 3.35%; Missouri 308. or 2.03%; Pennsylvania 244. or 2.32%; Mich- igan 223. or 2.12%; Oklahoma 108. or 1.50%; Montana 146, or 1.38%.; and Virginia 107 or 1.01%. FOOD ADMINISTRATION ANNOUNCES NEW FLOUR MILLING REGULATIONS With the end of the milling year on July 1. the Food Administration reviews conditions which have prevailed in‘the flour milling industry and also an— nounces new regulations to be put in effect. Under the original regulations. the millcrs were barrel. based on their annual business. The busi— ness is recognized to be a seasonal one and cannot be judged on profits determined upon a few months" operations. nor can annual profits always be accu— rately forecast at the beginning. Millers finding themselves at the end of the fiscal yearvwith an amount in excess of 25 cents a barrel profit have been notified that they release themselves from the difficulty by selling a sufficient amount of flour at a nominal price to the Food Administration to liquid- ate any such surplus profit. Millers’ accounts are audited by representatives of the enforcement divi- sion of the hood Administration. Under the new plan of mill regulation now being organized, trade will be free but profits closely 3 limited. Speculation will not be permitted. but no " limitations are placed upon the freedom of flour mills or traders to buy or sell in any market. The mills are. however. under restrictions to reflect the government price within the profit limitations upon flour. The whole plan has been approved by the. Agricultural Advisory (‘ommitteta the board of 24 members which confers with the Food Administra— tion on matters affecting producers. L'llllbl‘u murmur u {oil AN OFFICIAL STATEMENT OF IMPORTANCE TO AGRICULTURE It is now possible to summarize the shipments of foodstuffs from the United States to the Allied countriesmrluring the fiscal year just closctl-evpt‘zlc- .4; tically the last harvest year, These amounts include 7; all shipments to Allied countries for their and our ' armies, the civilian population. the llclgian Relief and Red Cross. The figure< indicate the measure of effort of the American people in support of Allied food supplies. The total value of these food shipments which were in the main purchased through. or with the collaboration of. the Food Administration. amount to. roundly. $1.400.000.000 during the fiscal year. The shipments of meats and fats (includes meat products. dairy products, vegetable oils. etc), to Allied destinations were as follows: ‘ Fiscal year 1‘)1(i~17 ........ 2.166.500.000 lb 1. Fiscal year 1017-18 ........ 3.011.100.0011 1b.»: Increase . . ............ 844.600.0001bs. Our slaughterable animals at the beginning of the last fiscal year were not appreciably larger than the year before and particularly in hogs; they were :probably less. The increase in shipments is due to ' :i 'conservation‘ wd theextra ‘weight of animals added "mm allowed a maximum gross profit of 25 cents per. .... .1 lilbl‘lultllliei lTit-al.[Ellillltiiiil‘dllxill” lil' ' CULT by our farmers. The full efi'ect of these efforts began to bear their best results in the last half of the fiscal year when the exports to the Allies were 2.133.100000 pounds. as against 1.266.500.0th pounds in the same period of the year before. This com— pares with an average of 801.010.0110 pounds of total ‘exports for the same half years in the three—year pre-war period. In cereals and cereal products reduced to terms of.ccrea1 bushels. our shipments to Allied destina— tions have been: Fiscal year. 1916-17 ...... 259900.000 bushels Fiscal year. 1917—18 ...... 340800.000 bushels Increase . . . ......... 80.900000 bushels Of these cereals our shipments of the prime breadstufi's in the fiscal year 1917—18 to Allied desti— nations were. wheat 131000.000 bushels. and of rye 13.900000 bushels. a total of 144.900lll0 bushels. The exports to allied destinations during the fiscal year 1916-17 were. wheat 135.100.000 bushels and rye 2.300.000 bushels. a total of 137.400.0011 bushels. In addition. some 10.000.000 bushels of 1917 wheat are now in port for allied destinations or en route thereto. The total shipments to allied countries from our last harvest of wheat will he. therefore. about 141000.000 bushels. or. a total of 154900.000 bushels of prime breadstuffs. In addition to this we have shipped some 10.000.000 bushels to neutrals de— pendent upon us and we have received some imports from other quarters. A large part of the other ce— reals exported have also gone into war br iad. It is interesting to note that since the urgent re— quest of the allied food controllers early in the year for a further shipment of 75.000.000 bushels from our 1917 wheat than originally planned. we shall have shipped to Europe or have en route. nearly 85.000000 bushels. At the time of this request our surplus was already more than exhausted. This ac— complishment of our people in this matter stands out even more clearly if we bear in mind that we had available in-the fiscal year 1916—17 from net carry—over and as surplus over our normal cow sumption about 200000.000 bushels of wheat which we were able to export that year without trenching on our home loaf. This last year. however. owing to the large failure of the 1917 wheat crop. we had available from net carry—over and production and imports. only just about our normal consumption. Therefore your wheat shipments to allied destina— tions represent approximately savings from our own wheat bread. These figures. however. do not fully convey the volume of the effort and sacrifice made during the past year by the whole American people. Despite the magnificent effort of otir agricultural population in planting :1 much increased acreage in 1017. not only was there a very large failure in wheat but also. the corn failed to mature properly and our corn is our dominant crop. \‘Ve calculate that the total nutritional production of the country for the fiscal year just closed was between 7 per cent and 9 per cent below the average of the three previous years. our nutritional surplus for export in those years being about the same amount as the shrinkage last year. Therefore the consumption and waste in food have been greatly reduced in every direction during the y *ar. 1 am sure that all the millions of our people. agri~ cultural as well as urban. who have contributed to these results should feel a very definite satisfaction that in a year of universal food shortages in the northern hemisphere all of those people joined to- gether against Germany have come through into sight of the coming harvest not only with health and strength fully maintained. but with only tem— porary periods of hardship. The European allies have been compelled to sacrifice more than our own people but we have not failed to load every steamer since the delays of the storm months last winter. ()ur contributions to this end could not have been accomplished without effort and sacrifice and it is a matter for further satisfaction that it has been accomplished voluntarily and individually. lt is difficult to distinguish between various sections of our peopltufithe homes. public eating places. food trades. urban or agricultural populations~—in assess— ing credit for these results but no one will deny the dominant. part of the American women.m-rllcrb- crt lloorcr. The important question isn‘t trhut kind of d silo. because there is not, a neighborhood in Michigan where you cannot easily answer this by talkinsr with the men who own different kinds — -the big thing is a SlLO THIS YEAR. 1 ._ For Week Ending July 16 WEEKLY CROP SUMMARY l New England.~el:0ston: llrtyin;r general. but re- tarded by frequent shooters: crop rather light» ()ats and rye good. "l‘oo cool for corn. Potatoes good: generally in blossom: some blight in t‘onneeticut. Tobacco rather uneven. but tttl‘dllt)’ good; harvesting Havana begun. (‘ranberry bogs mostly in full bloom: apparently setting well. Pennsylvania.—l'hiladelphia: Moderate local films with considerable hail. ()ats filling well and ripen- ing; harvest begun in some southern counties. Dam- age to potatoes by blight and green aphis continues. Growth of corn slow on account of cool nights. but improving. llarvest of winter wheat in southern and in a few central counties; condition and prospects excellent. Minnesota. Minneapolis: Spring wheat and oat harvesting July 20 in southern to August 10 in northern portion. Barley and rye harvesting now general in southern portion. begins in northern por- tion August 1; yields good. Pastures poor. Pota- toes fair to good. Corn is fair to good. Spring wheat is in good to excellent condition in the south and fair to good condition in the north. Illinois —~Springfield: Dry and cool: favorable for harveating antd threshingr oats. but pastures and gardens in southern division suffering from contin— ued drought. although good to execllent elsewhere. Irlarvestinng, threshing and haying continue. (‘m'n made excellent growth in north and central portions. but poor growth in the south as result of the corn tinned dry Weather; the conditions were favorable for cultivation and this work was nearly completed. New York. Ithaca: First half of Week cool and showery: latter half warm and dry. Rains very beneficial. but haying delayed temporarily. (.‘oru somewhat checked. but looking good. Spring wheat. oats. barley, beans. and other crops doing,r well. l’o— tatoes being.r sprayed. as bugs and blight troublesome in some sections. Apples dropping badly. llye har— vest will begin in upper Hudson Valley this week. llaying begun in northern counties. Indiana.~—lndinnnpolis: All growth slow on account of cool Weather. {11in again needed in many places. (hits henvy'to medium generally: harvest not yet general in north. but finished in some places in south. early potatoes below average. Lute potatoes, truck. pastures. and unrdens fair to good. Yield of winter wheat genernlly much above the average. Corn made good growth generally. but is in fnir to poor condition in n few localities: growth was retarded by low temperatures and in places by lack of moisture. Wisconsin. Milwaukee: Hood weather for hay and rye harvesting. which is general. Harvesting barley and curly outs begun in south: barley and winter wheat harvest begins in llrown county about the 35th. Much needed rains at close of week. Picking izlspltt-rl'it’s. eurrnnts. and cherries begun: crops very light. Sonic barley and oats lodged in south. (torn tusseling: laid by in south; condition only fair on account of light rain and low temperature. \Vinter and spring wheat are filling We” generally. Nebraska. Lincoln: Continued dry Weather fawn-- able for threshing harvesting and haying. Second cutting of alfalfa progressing; crop light. llye har— vest well advanced. and spring wheat and oat begin— nini.r in north counties. Pastures exceedingly short and potatoes damaged in central and southeastern counties and rain 1111M“ needed. (‘orn is generally in fair condition as a result of moderate rainfalls. but some fields made poor growth in southern por‘ions. due to dry weather: tassel appearing generally. Oklahomanwtlklahoma: Hot. dry week. unfavorable for all crops. Beneficial rains in north portion July 15. Sorghum grains suffering. Sweet potatoes and peanuts holding up well. Pastures and truck failing: fast. (‘orn made very poor growth generally because of the lack of rainfall and the excessive heat: in some parts of the northeast. howevm'. where light to moderate. rains fell. it made a fair development. t‘otton continues in good condition most places. but is only fair in portion of southwest account of dry weather. Some weevil are reported in southeast por- tion. Arkansas. Little llock: lice good to excellent Where watered. but considerable lost because not watered. Meadows. pastures. and truck seriously damaged by drought. Lute potatoes being planted. Sweet potatoes. peas. beans. melons. cantaloupes. peanuts. and sorghum good. linrly corn in poor con— dition. except in central and southwest. lute corn in fair condition. Threshing winter wheat well ud- vancr-d. Showers were beneficial and cotton gener- ally made good growth: condition good and fruiting well. Ohio. t‘olumbus: t‘onditions generally unfavorable for growing crops. but favorable for outdoor Work. Oats good to excellent: harvest progressing in south- west: will begin next week in northwest counties. Having practically done; large crop. Tobacco. pas:— tures. and late potatoes need ruin. \\'inter wheut excellent: havesting practically completed. except A few lake counties: thrashing progressing in western central. and some northwestern counties and will be general by next week. (‘orn made poor growth due to dry weather and low temperature. It is tasselin: low and appears imperfect in some sections. Texasrwllouston: Pastures. feed crops. sweet potu~ toes. and peanuts deteriorated in most sections. but revived in a few scatterer] localities. liice generallv good. but locally injured. Late corn made pcor growth due to dry Weather and high temperature: early corn in fair to good condition and was matured previous to the dry weather. t‘otton deteriorat'td in the central. western. and south Western portions from the continuwl dry. hot weather. but is still fnir to good north. cast. and coast portions. l’ieking gen- eral in south. Amarillo: The condition of the cattle and the range throughout the l‘nnhandlt- is good. ex— ccpt in the region of the south plains country. where conditions continue poor. Kansasrr-Toiiekn: Harvest over. except in north- \vc"t and threshing hull" done in east and south-cen— tral portions. with yield good to (\xt‘t-llt‘l'll in those districts. Pastures. hay crops. potatoes. and g:trd.»us poor. 'l‘emperature was below the normal in most ofathe State. while the rainfall was light except moderate locally in central and southwost portions. (‘orn made good to excellent advance in important producing counties in central and northeast portions. and is standing the drought well in most other places. It is generallv laid by. and is silking and tnsseling: will be in roasting—cur stage in about two weeks. ”pvt out!“ tl'l‘il3lui.‘l"lll. . i .; 1.; i 1 'government prices carry on "411' Jr 'WHEAT. The mills in many sec- tions are getting all they need .to run full tinie. On account of the grand rush for flour, the mills are accepting only the best grades at the govern- ment price. fer flOur that the mills are not taking. time to blend the flour. Threshing returns continue favor— ‘ able and the final returns will probably Show larger than the government July estimate. The quality so far has been excellent, grading No 1 and 2, with a small percentage of No.3. The those three grades; other grades sell On their merits. The first export 'sale was made last" Week of 25, 000 bushels at Chicago. 'Within a few weeks new grain will begin to move to foreign channels just as fast as boats are obtainable for handling the shipments. A very well illustrated cartoon re- cently appeared in a Chicago paper. The cartoon showed a mother and father with head bowed. “Give HIM this day OUR daily bread—if need be,” with a shadowgraph in the back— ground of their son in France. GRADE Detroit Chicago New York Sludlrd 77 1-2 .78 .85 [-2 No. 3 While 77 .77 1.2 .84 1-2 "0. 4 While 75 .77 .83 OATS. New oats are beginning to move in large quantities. A year ago the stocks of oats on hand were small, but this year it is quite to the contrary. Buyers are buying the old stock in preference to the new. We believe the market will soon adjust itself and the volume of business will increase and all markets will develop more strength and buyers will be pick— ing up the large lots. With the de— mand for feeds and all oat products there is going to be a place for every oat. There is such a demand - improvement. demand for of grades. _ ., the market. -BOSTdNr—Bean market situation hetive and steady. up; satisfactorily and expect demand for C. H 1?. white pea beans will my some ' CHICAGOa—Jl'he situation on .ha'y very firm and aetive. hay odght to get busy and get in on present marketing conditions. .- rrr'rsnuncp—nn’y market min and food" on boat grades. nil-mink no DETROIT.—Pro¢lnce market firm and steady. lower. 'lj'resh eggs bringing premium prices; butter steady at quotations.- 5-. .. SPECIAL NOTE: Do not ship veal when .wopther is hot unless located near-n. Play sofa and hold on to the fish] tor odolor weather. ’ I . 01" grade! closure; SEMI-tion} Potatoes easier and Idling GRADE Detroit Chicago New York No. ZYellow 1.72 1.70 1.91 No. 3 Yellow 1.70 1.66 1.81 No. 4 Yellow 1.60 1 60 1.75 CORN. The movement of corn has been heavrer than was anticipated some time ago. So far cars have not been reserved or given preference for shIppIng wheat. and the movement of all grain has been put on its own footing. Hot weather reports covering the chrn belts have offset the heavy re— ceipts, brrt at the same time the exist— ing conditions have brought on 1111— settled condition of the markets. r ' T'" I No. 1 Standard No. 2 I “(3‘ ' Timothy Timothy Timothy pencil 20.00 .2 so ram 21 so I7 00 17 so C'hicog‘o‘ 22 oo 24 oo 19 oo‘ 22 oo 16 oo 17 oo Cir-anus 2275 24 to 19 oo 23 so 16 oo 19 0» guns 26,00" .27 502051 23 so 1550 19 so Haven. 23’ oo' 30 oo 23 oo 23 oo 18 00 _2I oo Ridnonil 24 oo‘ 27 oo 72 or z: oo I7 M. Is on No‘r No. ‘ No. fluke“, ._' Light Mind Clover Mixed Clom bdroii' 13011, 13501300. IIooIzoo Izso ' ' 19 oo" '19 5411100 13' oo‘ 10. oo 11 oo '25 601900 19 so 19 on 19‘s. ‘Ioo 18 to 1500 Is to M, HAY Duringrthe past season some 211'.) remarkable chaflg’osshave taken place,‘ ' apparently going from one price ex- treme to another. During the close of 1917 and the earlier part of 1918 the demand for hay was unlimited and no limit to prices but it simply was only a matter of getting the hay as the car situation was very bad. That was . why the market Went out 'of sight. At one time the- government was buying considerable hay and their orders were given preference so far as shipments were concerned. So much hay was purchased by the government that they discovered that more hay had been contracted for than they needed, resulting that a large tonnage of this hay had to be diverted to the different markets resulting in markets being overcrowded and the situation contin— ued for about thirty days. In order to give you a range of prices paid during the season we will quote the average monthly sales on the Detroit Market. During the month of Per ton September ................ $17.00 October ................... 22.00 November , . .............. 25.00 December . . . . ............ 2500 January .................. 27.00 February ................. 28.00 March .................... 20.00 April .................... 25.00 May . . . .................. l0.00 June .................... 17.00 July ..................... 19.00 The above prices apply on sales of No. 1 timothy. Other grades sold ac- cording to quality. The market on low grade hay was so demoralized that the sale would hardly pay trans— portation and the cost of handling. 7 he change in the market was so sud— den that no one was anticipating the change, consequently a great many buyers lost heavily. Shipments made direct by the growers brought back disappointing returns. The present market situation is ac— tive and reasonably firm with no de— mand for off-grades. The markets are fairly well cleared of the surplus and are now bidding freely on arrivals of No. l timothy. - PITTSBURG. Gobd hay scarce and . bringing top prices. This applies on. No 1 timothy,- No.- 2 timothy and No. 1 light mixed. Grassy and low grade ‘ ‘ hay almost unsalable. -. ; RICHMOND Reperts show right“ receipts with a moderate demand leaving the market 111 Such shape that " , the market may show better develop- ments although we are of the opin- ion that the’ trading will be on new hay. Of course there will be a de— mand for old bay for some time al- though the selling prices may not be attractive. It is a market that’needs to be followed closely and make bon- ifide sales befOre shipping. ST. LOUIS The market forlti'm— othy and clover mixed hay grading No. l is steady and strong. The re- ceipts are not of the quality that most buyers want. NEW YORK. It is quite a difficult matter to judge this market on ac— count of the receipts running heavy to the poorer classes of hay. All buyers are more or less skeptical in bidding on hay until it is on track for inspec— _tion. They bid up on the choicest grades and the market is considered firm and active. There is considerable hay at the Harbor rejected by the government on account of quality. We say if you are going to New York with hay, ship the very best you have and in large bales. CHICAGO. This market is in need of good timothy and light mixed bay. The present supplies will not go around Poorer grades are selling but buyers are able to get plenty at the old prices. The whole thing in a nut shell is that if you have just an ordi- nary No. 3 grade or lower the best ' thing to do is to work it off locally through feeding and then by shipping the better grades you will make some money off the hay. Every market wants the best hay produced because that is what the buyers demand dur— ing the summer months. DETROIT. The supplies are hard- ly adequate to supply the trade. Thrs THE WEATHER As forecasted by W. T. Foster ‘_ Foster’s Weather Chart for July 1918 123141457 {1057. _: : T "' " Sever-cf; o 1 0'», m liljlgi Storm: ’ n. ‘ . ., ' C4191: ‘ Plr- " /’ l » 1.891" " ' K . . .. ‘ . \v "'0" i i - [willie . »~ g 1: I I '1' l'l-lll' Nix; WASHINGTO, D. C.,———July 27 last bu’letin gave forecasts of distur- bances to cross continent July 29 to August 2 and Aug. 1 to 5 warm waves July 28 to Aug. 1 and July 31 to Aug. 4, cool waves July 31 to Aug. 4 and Aug. to 7 Temperatures of this per- iod will be moderate endin with cool- er than usual Storms 0 these dis- turbances will be unusuall Thunder storms in the drout will bring some relief but they develope dangerous storms. The limit of the 1918 drouth cannot be definitely located but on the cmp~ weather map a line was drawn from Helena, Montana to the "Atlarrt'.c-,'l a little southeast of Richmond, Va... pape- ing near Piere, S. D. between l-corla and Chicago thr’u Dayton Ohio 'lhls. line -op)roximates the northeastern limits 0 the great drouth area. The abOVe described storms are expected to' bring some relief to the drouth'lsec- " tion and 18b to the country northeast of 11.111an middle provinces of ' ..,Canai1ar . Rae ‘ toned Within the. drouth area and the ' lu' '4“ 1.1. . severe. sectrons may for MrcrrrcAN BUSINESS Farmer: . and cotton crops of 1918 than you now . _;do Man c slope Is not neck-"I ' FOR THE WEEK eastern sections are doubtful. Aug- ust will cover the most critical period. With these uncertain cropw earner conditions for August before us it would be unwise for farmers to dis pose of 2311' their surplus corn and nits before they know more about august Weather. As the writer sets :t the corn and CI tton crop; will b: d: Imnged by the August drouth. Next warm wave \Illl re-3h VnnCcu- ver aboht August 5 and temperatures will rise on all the Pacific slope. It will cross crest of Rockies by close of Aug. 6,- lains sections 7, meridan 90, great la es‘ and Ohio—Tennessee val-A 1eys 8, eastern sections 9 reaching vicinity of Newfoundland about Aug. 1 Storm wave will follow about one day behind warm wave and cool II avc aLo .t one day behind storm "are - This disturbance wlll start with low temperatures preceded by showers in many places Temperatures will r'ISe after July 5 as the disturbance 2p- proach'es your vicinity and When you see these conditions coming in VJU may expect a two weeks hot wave, relieved in. crime places by thunder storms and ShO‘VeI‘Sfi When you are at the end f that expected hot_ wave—near Aug. 30—min will know more about the corn of- you will also he anx-.. itous out inter grain. Dont forget wheat and corn crop; sel-' dom‘: come in the same crop season. , , 't'wo ed for. hauling. .. . , fimj 1 ..J,,,. 1.1 —.. 171 j ‘——..I..~..‘.. ~.8250 . ,lille'. a 11113117115114.5010 $17. ‘00, market 1 ‘ '- . r- em early oats; fruit, small fruit poor _> When Governor Sleeper recently an- nounced thru the press that Michigan crops were in grave danger for want of labor to harvest them, he was not well groomed in the facts. IFarm la- bor is scarce, it is true; almost, but not quite as scarce as the hen’s prov- erbial molars, for it is to be had. From over a HUNDERD REPORTS RECEIVED FROM NEARLY EVERY COUNTY IN THE LOWER PENINSU. LA THERE WAS NOT A SINGLE SUGGESTION THAT CROPS WOULD SUFFER FOR LACK OF LABOR TO TAKE CARE OF THEM. In fact, EVERY correspondent stated that the help was hard to get, farmers were managing with each other’s help to take care of their crops in good sea- son. Of course, the U. S. Boys’ Working Reserve has given substantial help in many sections, particularly the beet sugar counties, but the farmers them- selves seem to have solved their own problem to a large extent by tractors, night work, and the assistance of their women folk and their neighbors. As We go to press, all Michigan is in the throes of a drought which is causing a serious setback to beans and potatoes and will affect the corn and oats unless rain comes soon. Local thundershowers Tuesday night gave relief in some sections. but the fall was not enough to revive the crops to any material extent. Below is a digest of a portion of the crop and _labor reports received to date. Correspondents _who have not reported are requested to do so before the coming week that we may make an estimate of the acreage and condition of the principal crops for the entire state: Arenac County—Potatoes, about the same as last year; beans, 25 per cent less in acreage but better condition than last year; corn, 50 per cent in- crease, condition just fair; sugar beets, 50 per cent more condition that much better;-oats, acreage 150 per cent condition good promises to out yield 191,7; fruit, scarce but ahead of 1917; help is scarce and high especially in eastern portion. The draft continues to take the helpaway from the farmers and wages are from $2.50 to $3.50 per, ,day and hard to get at. that. . St. Joe C'ou'nty—pdtatoes, 75 percent of 1917 acreage. Present prospects 1100;101:1100 about 50 percent of 1917 acreage, condition poor. as many far- mers have less than half stand; corn. looking fair, not far enough along to make any safe estimate; oats, just an axerage crop, frost did some damage ~21: yield, some young orchards have some apples. Farmers are working short handed and a great part of the help is inexperienced and high priced, many asking $4.00 to $4.50 per day. Far- mers generally feel opposed to potato grading and justly so, for the 1918 crop will have to all go over a grader so buyers say. This grading benefits the shippers only . Newaygo County—potatoes, acreage 60 percent, condition 80 percent; beans, acreage 80 percent, condition 90 per cent; corn, acreage 100 percent. c0n~ dition 110 percent; oats, acreage 100 percent, condition 110 percent; fruit, condition 60 percent. Not much help to be had but farmers go it alone. Wages are too high. can’t pay it out of crops. The estimate is given on 10- calities not hit by frost in June. Some small parts can be reduced by 50 per cent on corn and beans, but most, of county will recover if frost does not come before normal seasons. Sept. 20. Presquc Isle county—potatoes, about 10 percent less acreage, 75 percent as good as last year; beans, about the same acreage, plants look good. are blossoming now; corn, about the same acreage and looks good; hay, good on the good land but is generally poor; oats, looks like a good crop on the best land but poor on the low land; fruit, strawber'ies short crop, no cherries 01' plums, lots of apples; there seems to be plenty of help but there is so many that wont work only in the cedar swamps—D- D. S. (70.98 County—potatoes, 1-4 short of last year, just fair; corn, about the same as last year; oats. large acreage and looking good; fruit, we have a short crop this year, very nice what there is, apples are a short crop. Far- mers are having trouble to get help this year. Some crops have not been planted on account of short help, far- mers are changing work this year in order to get their work done. Thresh. ing just commencing, wheat turning out just fair, about 20 bu. per acre. Cameos—About same acreage of. ,potatoes as last year, but not very good; too dry: Not as many beans planted as last year; not looking very good as the dry weather is hurting rIthem. About same aereage of corn; very uneven; lots of poor fields. A large acreage of sugar beets; looking good. Large acreage of oats; good. Not much fruit. Labor scarce and hard to find. 13 ' Clinton. —Acreage of potatoes as .compared with 1917, 60% , beans, 90%; 'ce-rn, 100%; sugar beets. more than 1917; oats 100% Not so much fruit as in 1917; too much frost and drouth. Farmers are getting along very well with help they can get from boys and students. Hay very light.’ Sam'lac. —.-There seems to be more potaioifi. plfgtidith‘i‘l‘ “3“.“ . Heel-1.11s pears very few. Tuscola —Beans not so mnth as last year but look good. (‘orn looks. like a good crop. Sugar beets look good but need rain very badly. ,A.good fair crop of oats are expected. There are quite a lot of apples i don' t know what to say about labor, there is none to be had except the boys from town and they are not what we need. Eaton—About half the acreage of potatoes; looking good. Three-fourths of a crop of beans, looking fine. Ra- ther more com, doing fine. About. the same for sugar beets but they look fine, 25% more oats, than last year; good crop. Berries a short crop; fair crop of apples. ’l'uscolo.—~About the same acreage of potatoes and about the same con- , dition. Acreage of beans 70%; present condition 25% better. 10% larger acreage of corn. condition 100% if it will get. ripe as about half of the seed was bought through a, local elevator. 15% larger acreage of sugar beets; condition 25% poorer on account of black rot and late sowing. Oats are about the same acreage: 30% better. 50% more barley, a No. 1 crop. Help is scarce, wages from $2 to $3 a day but on account of fine weather con- ditions farmers are getting along very well. (hummer—Half a crop of beans; 75% crop of corn; 100% of cats and barley. Fruit is no good. Help hard to get at $3.50 a day. Midland—Acreage of potatoes about the same, condition a little better Beans 25% less condition 25% better. Acreage of corn about the same. condi- tion some better, not a very good stand in places. About 15% more sugar beets, condition about the same. The same acreage of cats, condition a little better. Prospects look good for fruit. Barley about the same as to acreage and condition. I can’t say that any farmer has experienced any great dif- ficulty in securing extra help. The harvesting is coming along just fine. Haying is nearly all done and up in fine shape. I don’t think any crop has suffered much on account of labor shortage. Most of the farmers are putting in just a few extra hours and getting their work done just. the same, although long hours make some of us look a little gaunt, we will come thru 0. K. The weather has been greatly in the farmer’s favor this season and helps out considerable in getting the work done Clare. —'About the same acreage of potatoes, good. Same for beans, condi. tion good. Corn. 25%. less Sugar beets less, condition fair. Oats, 25% more, Condition goOd. Apples iri abundanCe. Help scarce but crops will not suffer much . (Eorron’s No'rn) More I01 these re- ,_ ports Will be published in. a later issue. , SINESS EARMING .A Farm, Roma and Market Weekly Owned and Edited in Michigan SATURDAY, JULY 20TH, 1918 am} shoouu manner A. Loan Dr. G. A. CONE - WM. I. BIOWN . . . . ' . IDI TUB EDITOR VETERINARY EDITOR LEGAL EDITOR Published every Saturday by the RURAL PUBLISHING COMPANY GEO. M. SLOCUM. Soc'y Ind Bun. Mgr. Business Offices: 110 Fort Street, DITROIT Editorial Offices and Publishing Plant. Mt. Clemens. Mich. BRANCHES.‘ CHICAGO. NEW YORK, 81'. Lows, MmunAroms ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR AoPrem1‘11ma,F‘reeL1'stor Clubbing Offers but a weekly worth five times u hafwe ask for 1! and guaranteed toplec‘ue or your money back anytime! Advertising Rates: 'lwcnty1enli pornxalo lino fourteen agate lines to ti11nlumn inch 761l1i1roa to the page. Li‘ie Stock and Auction Sale Adi: ertismq, \\ 1- ollcr spe1ial low rate- t1n=putnhlo hriodorsol live stoi. k 11nd poultry write, us {or them. OUR GUARAN'I EED ADVERTISERS “'1‘ rosportlullv ask our reader: to favor on: mlvcrtisars when possible 7h1-ir1‘ntalogsnnd prices are cheerfully son: iron. and we guarantee you against loss providing you any when writing or ordering from them, "1 saw your11dvor1isni-1-ui in my M ichigun liullneu Farming. " l1 ntorrd ul! amond 1laaa matter at \lti lemons Mich Communications and Subscriptions should be sent to Mt. Clemens “We Came, We Saw, We Conquered” HAT TRUE American hoart docs not quickon with pride and gladncss as tho nows oomcs ovor tho wiros that tho Amorican troops arc driving tho l’russians back to their bordorland! Tho. tido of infilc is turning. 111).»: four long, woary hopolcss yoars tho French and English havc fought a stubborn but losing fight; stop by stop tho lluns have pushed thoir way across Bolgium and laid in ruins tho fair provinccs of Franco. All the cruel doviccs of torturo and tcrror that tho dcvclish minds of tho llun militarists could conceive to bring tho civilian population to their knocs and dostroy tho moralo of tho Fronch pooplc havo boon brought into play. But tho reign of torror is passing. The llun has mot his match. Tho Yankcc has shown a courago and a skill and a dotormin- ation equal to his own. Victory is turning to dofoat. Tho rotroat back to the Rhine has bogun. ()h, wo arc glad for tho mothors and child- ron of Franco and for tho littlo pooplcs of Bolgium. and for civilizod mankind cvcry- whoro that thc Amorican soldior has boon truc to tho traditions of his forcfathors and has not l'altorod in tho faco of pcril. \Vc aro glad for tho war-worn soldiors of Franco and England. Thoy havo facod tor— riblo odds; they havc tastcd dcfoat more than victory; thoy havo gono thru tho dark char- nol houso of droad and doubt Little-to be nond1 rod that thoy havo woakcnod under the torrific onslaughts of tho Prussian hordes. llittlo to bc wondorcd that they might have shrunk back in hopoloss surrondcr, despairv ing of broaking tho llun's tightoning hold upon \vostorn Franco. But likc tho wine that rushos tho blood. tho Ann-rican troops have rcvivod tho couragc and tho hopcs of tho alliod soldiors, and shouldor to shouldor. thcy go forward in a solid phalanx, unafraid and confident now of ultimato victory. Wo are glad for tho l’rosidont and tho poo— plo of tho Unitod Statos that mon with whom they havo ontrustod tho nation ‘s honor havo so gloriously vindicatcd tho confidonco placcd in thorn. \Vo arc glad that thoy ha vo provon thoir right to ho oallod tho dofondors of domoc- racy. And lastly, wc arc glad for tho principlos of right and justico. (icrmau might has had its day. llato and grood aro boing vanquishod. Lovc and rightoousnoss shall yot rulc a world Inado froc of dospots and military mastors. Standardization of wages. T IS NOW proposed to standardizo wagos. lu othor words, cvcry worker in the Unitod S‘tatcs shall receive the same wage for tho sumo hours as every other man performing tho samo kind of: labor. “Congross, ” wo Ell", told, “thru the taxos on cxcoss profits, the \var industries board. thru its priccfixing; tho prosidcut, thrn tho voto of $2.40 whcat, ‘1 < l n '5‘“ ‘ ‘ I K“- . 4-‘:.-’.". of wages. Additional methods of keeping down the coSt of living are being investigated at this time.’ Standardization of wages would help ag- riculture providing agriculture has a say in fixing the scale. Farmers in, Michigan are paying unreasonable and unheard of wages for farm hands. With the growing scarcity offarm help, there is no limit on what far- mers may be called upOn to pay unless some check is put upon labor’s demand. ‘ The wages that farmers are compelled to pay are way out of proportion to the wages paid for common labor in the cities, and in many instances the help is not of the most dosirablc. \Vagcs iin cities like Dotroit run from $2.50 to $3.00 a day, and thoro are many farming sections in Michigan whoro a farm hand cannot be had for loss than $3 to $4. Farmers are paying $7 a day for man and toam, whcrcas municil‘mlitios aro ablo to hiro tho samo, labor for $5.50 to $6.00 a day. \Vo boliovo labor as woll as capital should bo justly cmnponsatod, but Wo do not holiovo that oithor should tako advantago of an ab. normal condition to profitoor. Tho only way to otfoctually control wago scalos with justice to all is by a universal wago standard which may be incrcasod or loworod over tho cntiro country as a confcronco of tho intorostod partics may from timo to timo diroct. Why Your Farm Help was Taken ARMERS cannot understand why one branch of the government urgod him to plant a large acreage last spring, only to have another branch of tho governmcnt tako the mon ncodod for cultivating and harvesting those crops. Sonic light is shod upon the subjoct by Provost Marshal Gonoral Crow- dcr’s roply to tho coal mino operators who ap— poalod to him to dofor calling coal miners. “Do you realize.” said Mr. Crowder, “that my job is to raise an army that will win the war? Do you know that General Pershing is urgently ask- ing for more men to stem the German horde that is slowly battering its way to the gates of Paris? Do you realize that right now American boys are fighting for their very lives against heavy odds on the bloody fields of France? I want to help you and I realize your position in this matter, but I must first of all listen to the call of those across the seas who need our men, and need them more than they ever needed anything in all this world * * * Upon my shoulders to a large extent rests the responsibility of victory or defeat. The Army comes first~++everything else comes after.” While wc realize that Mr. ()rowdcr’s task is one of first magnitude and importanco, we cannot overlook the fact that thousands of young farmers were induced last spring to buy machinery and rcnt land for the purpose of helping out tho nation ’s food production, upon the absoluto promise that they would be left on the farm until after the crops were har- vostcd. Not of thoir own promptings, but. upon the appoal of tho govornmcnt and its agonts, thoso mcn have gone into dcbt to buy tools, sccd and labor; thcy have spout the best part of tho sununor caring for thoir crops and now they must loavc thcm to tho toudcr mor- cics of tho wcathor and tho, ncighbors. 'l‘hcy havc appcalod to us to intcrvono; wo havo appoalod to (‘olonol B1 rso tho adjut— ant gonoral: (Iol. Borscy has appoalcd to tho Provost Marshal (ioncral, but without avail. Mr. ('rowdor cannot issuo blankot instructions to loavo farmors until after harvcst, and at tho samc tiino socuro tho mon who arc nocdod ovor- soas. And, of courso, thoro can bo no oxccp- tion in individual cases. Adjutant (ionoral Borsoy calls our atton- tion to tho fact that ho has omittcd all farm. ing districts in making up tho noxt quota of l,000 inon who aro. callcd to ontrain for li‘ort Thomas, Kontucky, during tho. five-day por- iod boginning August 5th. All of thoso mcn will ho callod from tho. city of Detroit. Until Mr. Bakcr and Congress decido to ox- tond the draft ago limits, Provost Marshall General Crowdor must fill up tho. ranks with minors who arc noodod in the? minos; workors who are needed in tho factorics; and farmcrs who aro noodcd on the fari'ns. Thorc is no appo d from this decision have prepared the way for standardization .— """"" . 1“}3tllhiiliri ‘i't 11"‘1l2i‘iiltflfllrhh its-"1 , ' Helping or Hindering the Farmer OMEBODfY HAS SAID—we think it was ' Jason Woodman, former member of the. state board of agriculture—that the agricul- tural college is purely an educational institu- tion and not supposed to mix in the farmers’ marketing troubles. The college is perfectly regular. It will not break any precious tra- ditions nor establish any precedents, and .33 value to the farmer will continue to be a mat- ter of speculation. It’s an age—old theory that education for the farmer should be confined to the produc- tion of crops. That is-a matter of rote and rule, to be taught from the books and the ex porimcnts of the laboratory But the market- ing for a profit of the crops produced thus sciontifically always has been and is now sub jcct to influences over which the production ists have had no‘control because they feared to vonturc forth into the mysterious realm oi farm products distribution.. To disturb the traditional, the complex, system of marketing farm products was to invito oconomic disas- ter, and no mind has been big enough and no heart strong enough to plungc the present wastcful and absurd marketing system into the revolution which would purgc it of its weaknesses. Evcn farm papers and farmers themselves have subscribed to the idea that the farmers‘ business was to produce, and that it was some- body olsc‘s business to market. There arc farm papers contcnt to travel along the samc worn pathway and afraid to give the farmoi a new idea lost ho forsake the old, which ac tually, tho covcrtly oppose all agitation for :1 bcttor markcting system. They think they are kcoping the farmer out of trouble by bid- ding him stay by thc plow handles and lot thoso whose talents and cxporionco fit thom for the job, pcddlc the goods that the farmer has producod. But in reality they are his worst onomios, for they hinder the approach of the great reformation that must and will como in the nation’s system of distribution. Mankind novor grows too old or too wise to loarn. Farmors who have schooled thom- solvos in tho ncwor methods of farming havo d ‘awn many dividonds from thoir knowledgo. But since wo know by expcricnco that ovor- production may send the prices of farm pro ducts so low as to wipe out all profits regard- loss of the economics practised in producing tho crop, we have come to know that increased production may mean decreased profits, bo— tauso of our present inability to distribntc the surplus ovonly and cheaply thruout tho contors of consumption. Everv instrumcntality for the advancement of agriculture should bond its present of forts to a study and a solution of tho trcmon- dons problems now blocking tho road from tho producor to tho, consumor. The Bean Market lllfi BEAN MARKET is looking up. ()no of tho largost oporators in the stato advisos us that he has had more orders tho past two wooks than for several months, and boliovos tho markot will continuo firm and possibly highcr. li‘aJ'i'norS who havc boon holding their boans arc gottiing a bit worried. But thorc was 111' hopo for any improvomcnt in tho navy boan situation until tho big crop of pintos that had boon bumpod onto tho oastorn markets was out of tho way. Those havo boon protty woll (lo med up, honco tho growing domand for navios. Wc again caution farmcrs not to hold thoir bcaus for a price beyond what will pay thorn a fair profit. for it is speculation puro and simplc to do so. If the market advancos, and it looks now as tho it will facmcrs should watch it carofully and sell whon tho pricos ott‘or od insure a sufiiciont profit. Tho now crop will not,bc on the market for over sixty days, so there is plenty of time in which to “sit tight and look ohccrful." :hhil‘i 5h .u..'iln'v:11:~1 118111.». Hallillmill. up ,1 mm. .:lllilll.l ‘ Winning» _y—_',.‘_..~ . ‘12. l. i .! ".11 lllllllllll .1111 111,111.11" 1: . .1 . ... 1.111111‘511 11.11 11.1.. '11:. .1 , .. 11l1l.ll.‘l.hzl'liir - ”Hindi”??? ".l1llIWWlwliimlmlllflin“13:31.1 ml" ~- ‘11 ‘ ~31“ ';. .ivl‘lii" EDITORIAISABY OUR READERS (This is an open forum where our readers III-y ex- press their views on topics of general interest. State- ments appearing in this column will not necessarily indicate our own editorinl opinion. Farmers are invited to use this column.) Farmer’s Automobile a Necessity I nete your comment on the automobile pro- position The farm automobile'classified as a pleasure car is most surely a misnomer. I have yet to know a single farmer who uses his car for pleasure only. One of the strong 'pOints in favor of the auto on the farm is the time saving it means to the farmer in his business-and the sav— ing of his horses too, for other farm work. not mention the large amount of marketing of their produce which many farmers do with their autos. Of course he and his family get occasional pleas- ure rides, when they can find the time, but the same is true of many other cars owned and used by city men in the business. I am very glad you are taking this matter up with the Washington ofiicialsffor to classify the farmers’ automobile as a pleasure car seems to me to be wholly unjust# George .1. Waterman. Washtcnaw County. Where It Started! It is often interesting. and at the same time. highly instructive to think about how many of the great fortunes of today were founded “in the good old days.” How many a bosom, heaving with pride at the ancestral wealth, has been made to collapse in shame and unbelief at the sudden rev- elation of just where that wealth came from and how many fortunes are being founded today on the grief and fears of a nation? In a book recent- ly written on American slavery (not the wage slav- ery of the white man, but the chattledom of the negro before the Civil war) the author points out 110w many families first started their fortunes from profits off human flesh and blood. Indeed. Dr. Oelrich Bonnel Phillips is rude enough to give in his work the names of more than one family in a. state like Rhode Island, for instance. who can trace their wealth back to traffic in the blacks. Many of their names are still high in the society lists of today. Now, a little more than a half cen- tury later, we view these facts with a certain hor— ror. yet if we. as a nation. were consistent, with how much more horror would we view the more numerous fortunes that are being founded upon the slavery of the white man. Is slavery any the less slavery because the power above is wielded by cnonomic prez'mre rather than a visible whip? Is slave driving any less reprehensible because its motive power proceeds from a gentleman in dress suit rather than from a Simon Legree? How many an innocent white slave of today reads the history of black slavery and pities. his black brothers of days gone by, when no might well re serve a little of that pity for his own plight and better now; first of fall there is more education. and knowledge is the social dynamite that will blow away the unjust. institutions that capitalism has consecrated. . The workers are becoming more conscious of their power. They are receding from the posi- tion that they had no country to fight for; they have a county to fight for. and they love that coun- try so mighty well that they intend to Win it and own it. Because they are doing the work of keep- ing it going in the first place. Once the shackless of the mind are shaken off the shackles of the body fly away too. There will come a day when the people of the future—and is it so far away?— will look with horror at the way modern fortunes were made—‘8. H. 8.. Hurrictta. “He Who Steals My Purse Steals Trash.” 511 said the hard of Avon when he complained at having his reputation sullicd and La Follctte may wcll join him in that statement. On page 2 of this issue we are printing an article fiom la l‘ollette's Magazine showing that as we stated months ago. the Wisconsin senator was being unjustly con— demned. .\ great many of our readers took issue with us. claiming we were supporting a traitor, but not so, we only refused to condenm a man before a fair trial was given him and because we know thc jackals that were interested in crucifyiug him \\ by should la lollcttc of l‘rcnch dcsccnt. and a constant hater of iinpcrizilisnr suddenly become pro— (icrman? \Vc could see no reason therefor, but remembering how the senator. when governor of \Visconsiu. made the railroads pay a prOpcr tax. put an income tax through. and in the U. S. senate worked and voted for proper child legislation, for the scaincn's bill and for excess profit taxes, we could see why thc railroads. the steamboat lines. thc - big manufacturers and capitalists generally had a grievance against him. not because he was pro—Ger- man but because he 11 as p10— A'.mc1ican and insisted that they carry thcir shame of tl1c_wa1’shurdcns and so the daily press “as ordered to de:tro_1 him and all but succeeded. as the people. as usual. are ready. to cry “Hosanna” one day and “Crucify .him” the next. But is it not about time that we reserve our judgment until we can at least have investigated the people who are back of the accusations made? Further to show how damnably rotten our daily press works. bear in mind that while everyone pub— lished the false charges against the senator only a half dozen were big and manly enough to retract and apologize when they saw that they were wrong. Also remember that the very charges made by La Follette against big business have since been sub— stantiated by the Federal Trades Commission and form the backbone of the president's demand for higher income and excess profit taxes Let this case prove a lesson to you to be more careful before passing iudgment on a fellowman.— Organized liarmer. (Editor’s Note: The article referred to was published by the New York Evening Post, and is as follows): “The Associated Press has handsomely and promptly admitted its grievous fault in misreport— ing Senator La Follette. Whereas he said in his St. Paul speech that “we had grievances” against Germany. and was so reported the next day in the St. Paul newspapers. someone Slipped the fatal word “110" into thc sentence in the Associated Press report and made it read: “Vi/'1‘. have no grievances.” Whether this was done maliciously or accidentally will probably never be known, but the fact remains that irreparable injury was done to the senator, and that a large part of the outcry against him was due to this misstatement in the one thousand newspapers which are served by the ."\ssociatcd l’rcss. Senator la l“ollcttc declared at the time that thc prcss had 1111511111111‘11 him, but the matter was never brought The American’s Creed BELlEVE in the United States of America as a government of the people. by the people, for the people, whose just powers are derived from the consent of the gov- erned; a democracy in a republic: a sover— eign Nation of many sovereign States. a per- fect Union, one and inseparable; established upon those principles of freedom. equality, justice, and humanity for which American patriots sacrificed their lives and fortunes. l therefore believe it is my duty to my coun— try to love it; to support its Constitution; to obey its laws; to respect its flag, and to defend it against all enemies. This t‘rccd, prepared by William Tyler Page, a descendant of President Tyler and also one of the signers of the Declaration of lndcpcndcnu won the thousand dollar prize offered by the city of Baltimore for ‘the bcst summaiy of the political faith of Amer ica. ' April 3, 1918 in the presence of members of the Senate and House of Representatives “The Amer- ican’s Creed" was formally accepted in the name of thc (inited States Government by the Speaker of the House. \ 7 to thc attention of the Associated Press until Mr. Gilbert 15. Roe, his attorney, stated the fact bcforc the senate committee of inquiry 011 Tuesday. Vbe the senator delayed so long is a mystery; but thc serious wrong done by the error needs no expatiat- iug. No amount 11f apology can undo it. Thc thought that unintentionally so extreme an injusticc may be done to a public man is one to sobcr all responsible journalism." To Dodge the Doctor \\'11rry is about as deadly a poison as arsenic, if less rapid 111 its action. l’ut worry 1111 your list of things to bc avoldcd. .1d1l t1 the same list anger, envy, jcaluusy. hatred. and indecision As someone has well said indecision and doubt are poison to the nerve. Keep your head cool and your feet dry. ‘If your feet do get wet, kccp movmg until you have a chance to change your socks and shoes; Never sit still w1tl1 wet fcct. Also make it a point to wear comfortablc shoes. T1ght shoes ahd lugh hcels brmg morc money to the doctor than to thc shoemaker. Ovcreatiug invites colds. colds invite more serious diseases. and tl1c'N'll‘lNillIfindll‘Hllnmdill‘l‘illlillllillllllll'llliitll'lllll”UH"I”"1"“N”"l"lll""’"mu’é ' a 11111111111 1:11 ril'fllqt ”11,111. It l 1 ..‘11.1..1...1.. ..illl.l.ll.11...11 1.11.111. 1..l.l:l.‘l1111111l1 .111.1nt.11;l.llil,llilt.t 1111.1‘1‘ 11in: llllll‘liw ...1l.1h.|.1.il.11. 1111111 llIllllfilllltlflllllllflfllllllillllllljj lllllllllllllll”Ill!“HillllllllllllllllllIIllllllllllllilllllllllllllllltllllllll "I'I’illll51l11'lllllll|l|l|Illlilll‘ll”HUI!1|lll1|||ll|llllli "11111111111 .!11i.i‘llllillllililllllllllllllllllllllll[lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliUl ,‘n 11111Illl1111lllllllwllll]llllilllllIlllhleil!l|i1;1i[ll[’l|[1!llll1.3:. E: llllllllllllllllllllIlltlllllllllllllllllll .Hllllllillillliitllllllllllll,ll‘”:‘l‘l ‘11]“11’I.' ' way, its . 11m. .imakes triangular slings, petticoats, 11”., I Y ' « The Eternal Question “Does the Farm W0- 1 ~.- . man Want. to. Vote?” -. :. 1‘ T IS A real.-pleas11re for me to publish a letter. from our old friend, Anne” Campbell Stark, av broader fields. Mrs. Stark was born in the country and lived there‘ as a girl, but the past erWI years she has spent in the city. She. has had. ample , opportunity to compare urban and rural. life? and she is never happier than when she gets back on the farm for a few weeks’ visit among the folks that used to trot her on their knees, er the young- er ones with whom she played. Mrs. Stark has just I,returned from sfich a visit, and I am Sure you will .all be interested in what she has to say about it Such friendly, hear-to-heart letters I have receiv- ed the past week from my .readers! I seem almost as well acquainted with those who have written as though I had sat on their front porch and talk- ed with them for hours. And that is really my big ambition, to meet the women of the farms,.to~ talk ~ with them about the scores of things in which ' they are interested. Would you be surprised some day if I drove up to your dooryard and in- vitéd myself in for a chat? Well, if I ever do such a thing, I’ll try to come on a day when you’re not busy. and I know you’ll make me welcome. ‘Shall I bring the childern? There s one subject in which I know you are in. terested and should be discussed in these columns That is equal suffrage. You know the voters of Michigan are soon to have an opportunity to vote on this question. Mr. Grant Slocum. one of our editors, has been appointed chairman of the state—wide federation to support the amendment ' and every effort will be made to carry it. I would really like to know what the. farm wo- men think about_ woman suffrage. Do you want to vote? Would you vote if you had the privilege? Do you think that woman’s place is in the home. and nowhere else? I Wish you’d write me what your opinions are on this topic. It's been pretty mu uch discussed 1 know, but there’s always some- thing new to say, and I dont know that the farm women have ever thought much about it. Affectionately, PENELOPE. How Farm Women are Doing their “Bit” EAR PENELOPEz—I have just returned D from a visit to the farm where I was born, and I know if the woman who looked out of the window and saw nothing but flat country every (lay, had gone with me, she would have received help and inspiration from the women whom I met. The memory of the scene from my aunt’s window has stayed with me since I returned home, and when I am tired from the incessant turmoil of the city, I sit down and ' visualize it again. My aunt says, “One never tires of the coun— try.” And when I feasted on the green fields, the feathery trees, and the golden sunsets, I agreed with her. My aunt does not need a a beautiful painting on her walls. She looks out of the big window in her (lining room and sees a grass-grown field, in which the white mare and her little colt are grazing. On the other side of the fence a lazy stream winds its banks' overgrown with low—hanging Afar off is the road to town, where the automobiles, tokens of the prosperity of the farmers about, Iwhiz by. The beauty of the nights, with the big sky, filled with stars, the stillness of it, the promise of peace in it, the ever-brooding beauty and quiet of the country—how can one tire of it? I tell you, born haven’t time to tire of it. They are too busy thinking of the boys “over there.” I, my— self, had to let the loveliness of it sink into me. I certainly didn’t have time to stand and gaze 'afar’off, and think about it! There was too much to do! The Red Cross unit of the place where I was born meets every other Friday afternoon. bushes. But that doesn’t mean that is all the work they __ She knits,‘ andII don’t- tdol- Every woman works at home. jknow what all. The president of the Red Cross unit read to us the list of things that were re- quired by the women of that county and the: little group of women who gathered in the town, hall that day got their. heads together earnestly and figured out just how much they could do. - And they were mighty generous in assuming their full share of‘ the quota, I can tell you. whose talents as a writer have taken her to’ i? the folks down there where I-was' There are no slackers iii the little place where I was born. ’ ‘ Red Cross; .And there are. few who stay at heme. Even the hired man, who works all day ’ Communications for this page should be addreséed to i ‘ Penelope, Farm Inome Department, Mt. Clemqqs, Mlch.~ :much getI busy! Eill. ,Ievery spare moment yvith - 1. writing ahd doing. for. the boys “over. thereil” . There a'rze dances in the fewnhall every other" Thursday night, too, and the proceeds go to the . in the fields, “shakes a willing foot" at the Red ‘ Cross dances. One dollar is charged each man. The ladies are free, and no: charge is made forI the babies! They are all accommodated nicely on the long table in the. townhall where the obliging ones go to. sleep, and the naughty ones, who are just bound their mothers won’t dance a single set, blink and stare juSt as long as they can, but surrender at last to blessed rest. There is always some one who can chord on the organ, and if the hired musician doesn’t come, Mrs. C., who is the mother of lovely twins, can play the fiddle as well as the next one. And she does it, too. It’s fora good" cause and, anyway, being a mother of twins rather increases onc’s capacity for enjoyment doesn’t it? Though it isn’t as much fun to play the fiddle for other folks to dance as it is to dance oneself! One mother of a 16-year—old sat and held one of the babies most of the evening. She doesn’t dance, but she wants her daughter to have all The Giant Flower ROM the for fields of Plcardy, Across the miles of land and sea. Borne on the flying winds along, I seem to hear a mighty song—— A mighty song a crash of song ! It is the clear stupendous cry Sent from the souls of men who die. Through all the thundcrs of the fray It pierces like an arrow ray. Life‘s own eternal harmony. From death‘s red fields,. in Pleardy. UT on the fields of Picardy The march of death goes royally; Through highways of supreme despair, With huddled forms tossed here and there, The standards of immortal life Float proudly over waves of strife, Bearing the Spirit’s recompense— Where, standing to that high defense, A living wall of destiny, Men hold the lines, in Picardy. SACRED fields of Picardy. O dread tumultous Calvert, Through your incredible stress appears A, vision of the golden years When from this seed. in God‘s own hour, Shall spring at last the giant flower—— Rose of the world, serene and free, Sewn on the fields of Picardy— ,The red scarred fields of Picardy. ——-MARY Cou'ruouv SMITH in the New York Tribune. the fun she can, and she wouldn’t miss one of the Red Cross dances for the world. I think it is splendid the way folks in the place where I was born are waking up to the fact that young people simply must be amused. They know in order to keep them on the farms, they must have the enjoyment which is as necessary to the human being as to romp and play is a part of the kit- ten’s development. And Saturday night in town! When to shop is a secondary consideration, and one saunters about the busy village streets visiting all one’s friends who have come from miles around! How much moregfun itIis than to shop in the cityl There you 'never meet anyone you know, and the very crowds make you homesick. The automobile, too, is doing so much to unite the farms with the villages: And it is only the old-fashioned farmer who makes .his wife work in the field nowadays. “There is nothing which gives me such an up— lifted. peaceful, at—one-with—God feeling as the count-"ry, said my aunt. “I like the city for a I,little while, but someway it seems to crowd down on i e, and stifle me.’ ’And I agree with her, and to the woman who gazed out of her window and saw "nothing but the flat, erntful monotonous country, I would say Learn to know the country,- andggto 10ve it, and to appreciate it. farms of France, and devastated Belgium, and instead of thinking so. much, and Worrying so. 2i ..1 1‘ . Compare your. fV-drm with the ' - cookies. Do you know there is a cookie jar at the Army and Navy- Club: iii’ Detroit, that they just 'can’t keep filled up? The hungry soldiers and sailors are like so many youngsters in their fondness for Why.InoIt.write them and offer to send them a batch of: cookies a‘week or a month. And knit, knit, knit,- a’nd sew and Work, and use barley flour, and dbn’ t waste a single thing! Make yourself felt in your community. I10 your bit for your God, your country, -your family and your neighbors,- and you ’11 soon forget" to com— plain about the monotony of your days, so filled with blessed service for others will they. be! II know that’s how ”the folks country, where one has time to live; and love, and think, and be kind—Anne Campbell Stark- Recipe for Canning I Chicken EAR PENELOPEz—In one of your. issues (you ask for a recipe for canningrchicken. Season the chicken well while - it is cooking. Take out every bit of the bone, leaving meat in as large pieces as will go into the can. Have the liquid boiled down enough so when cold it will be jelly. Fill up the cans with the meat to within two inches of top. Cover with boiling liquid that has been strained thru wire strainer to over- flowing. Seal. If tops of covers are previously boiled it will keep it kept in a cool dark place. May I send my recipe for canned corn? Gather the corn, husk and silk and throw ears into boiling water about 4 or 5 minutes just to set the milk. Take out, shear off the cobb and to 9 quarts of corn add one cup of sugar, one cup. of salt and cook like any fruit and can leaving two inches. at top for juice. .In winter take out what corn you want to use for a meal. Place in a colander'and slowly pour a couple of quarts of water over it. Let drain 5 minutes and you have a dish fit for a king. The juice on the corn is too salt to use but the corn is just right to season the milk that it is cooked in. Have canned corn for years and never lose a can. When canning season comes around I boil, for 10 or 15 minutes. two or three dozen can covers at a. time. Then they just need heating same as cans. This kills any germs that may be hidden under the porcelain. keep good if not well covered with juicevM. (3., Thompsonm'lle. Wanted—Directions for Knitting Mittens Y DEAR PENELOPEz—I see that the time M has been extended for giving the dish dry- ers, and as I have a few spare moments this morning I will try for one. I take four cloth sacks. rip them and sew them together so they are in a square. And I make an inch hem around them on the outside, and work a cross stitch around the hem, and on the seams in the middle with red thread. This I use to spread over the dishes on the dining room table. I find it saves many steps, as I can leave the dishes on the table, and feel they are free from dust or dirt, and I also feel it is a good way to use up some of the flour sacks I also rip them up and hem them and use them to dry the dishes with. Sometimes I get an exceptionally nice flour sack, then I hem them and cross stitch the hem with red thread, and this I use on the dining table as a centerpiece for everyday use. It helps keep the tablecloth clean, also makes a big improvement in the looks of the table. In the summer I put my oil stove out on my back porch (which I have screened in), and as the wind sometimes blows in so it bothers the burners when in use. I have my clothesbars by the stove and hang an old sheet, on them, and . find it a big help. It also acts as a screen, and others cannot see what you are doing. I have what I call a potato chopper to. use. for cutting up boiled potatoes when I want to fry them. It is just a baking powder can with the bottOm cut out, and a wooden handle cut to fit in the‘t'Op of the can and tacked in. steam and let in air. I put the potatoes in the frying pan, then chop them up. I think, Pence lope will think this letter long enough. So I. will bringcit to a close by saying I think the Farm Home the best page in “the Business Farming for . Women, although I read nearly every article in the paper I wish every woman and girl wOuld learn to knit so they can knit for the soldiers like to see directions for knitting mittens IorI men. —Mrs. W. H. 13., R I, Paw. Paw, Mich 4.; .' 11"1_I11‘ie_ place ' where I was born'are doing. And they love the. Neither fruit nor meat will There are two holes cut' in the top at each side of the can to let out the. I would llllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllilllllIllIlllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllnlllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllilfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllfllllillllfllm lh'llilll 1111111111111 .lut.ll.1lllll! .JlIJHHlI 1 .imuii .m. lllllllllllllllllllli i 2._’ E E fill lilllllllllllllllllllll 2112121222” 22122 {'2HI[llIllH.ll|22ll.‘.4|l1li.2l22‘l l‘lll': Y"2. :.‘2!"’L“l’llll|l' "El il..‘2|‘1l v ’ hang in the cellarway. or t a is? be At first thought I should not any but; cit/second thought ei a 12329 said that I hp. (1 d 1101.111 the first place" I have a very goOd hus- band, Which I count aboYe all else in making life easier iand pleasanter fer 1221‘s... We help each other. He does the heavy lifting in the house and I do little things out of doors Which are not hard but take, time. I- have a regular Weekly program which gives me Thursday as a kind of off. day when I do some of the many odd jabs for which there is no time on other? days. A double wall pocket behind the kitchen door 0163 my' wrapping paper and paper bags while another. in the cellar way between the joists is; I have a. large.- enough to hold the flour sacks. eheli behind the kitchen stove where we throw gloves and mittens in the winter time, and hooks screWed near the wall on the under side to hang spiders and sk‘illets’ 0111' A shelfgin the Vsinkfljcup4 'board"hol'ds"'ali mycleaners, snob as soap,,borax, “’etc” yvhile another one above the sink holds all necessary toilet articles. At cigar stores they 'will give tobacco pails double boiler are very handy for many other things. As all our rain water has to be draWn and one has to go under the house to do it. my husband always gets it for me and I am very saving of it, ally isn't for dishes for two—I even save it to mop with We hope to have our pump fixed soon. ~We were married only last fall and the house had been vacant for ten years so there were same thing, that with the hard winter and busy spring, did not get done. .I am just as saving of well water as that has to be pumped by hand. We have a woodbox that fills from the outside. ' I would never have one inside. Just a hint about an easy way to make flower beds. Have your ground spaded early'in the spring; let the hens scratch in .it a while if they want to; in other words work it well to get rid of the weeds and plant it Then place a piece of poul- try netting over the plot and weight it down and after the flowers are well up it will not show very much. I like the looks of it much better than a fence of the same material and I’ll guarantee that the hens will not scratch it up. I would like to thank personally the sisters whose letters on conveniences have appeared in the paper. Some of the conveniences I have alieady ,1! (included that‘ Ithad some? that everyone else.’ holding about two quarts which I use fer l’ard and ' . I also have two granite dinner pails whiéh besides using as part Of a If my dish water is not so very dirty—and it usu- ' . Food Administration Recipes A ’ Homemade sauce; from heme grown fruits and ‘ vegetables are first aids in serving cold meats and stretching the roasts. Every well stored pantry shduld have its shelf of relishes; chutney to serve 2 'with chicken, cor'n reII'Sh With fish, cucumber . HAVE YOU .MET HEB? "W8 as C . Tcimng‘t? Be :13“ P‘“l<-. Wm“ Ar. USING? V“ . ‘m’ttl'PmK I Ni) ‘fllE: WARYY ‘ LiNE MoNoPoLtzeR . ~00“ . . ESSEMW- QTIIE“S-&°‘6' I . r‘ —Orr in Chicago lribune. catsup with steak. spiced grapes 0r currants with cold meats. APPLE CATSUP 1 quart applesauce, 1 teaspoon ginger, 1 teaspoon cinnamon, 1 teaspoon cloves, 1 teaspoon pepper. 1 tea- spoon mustard, 1 teaspoon onion extract, 2 teaspoons salt, 1 pint vinegar. Simmer slowly until thick, bottle and seal. A similar catsup can he made from plums 0r 111111 221222u2' .' til. used. Reel and‘) grate the cucumbers? and are on! Van(I make a particularly good sauce for steak. . teasp00n cinnamon 1 teaspoon allspice. "peppers,~ 2 red sweet-r peppers :4 pints vinegar, 4 pints 'corn syrup, $4, pound of mustard, 2 tablespoons salt , cook until corn is soft, 'ahput 25 minutes. Seal air—tight- .secured‘a satisfactory war job through the em- S «8.36:2;quch to taste..- who added” a sWeet. sauce is . (11101111111111: dA'rs', r” . One dozen large‘ cucumbers. 1 quart' or ".inegar:11 tablespoon of salt 34 teaspoon of Cayenne; Gather cu- _ Cumbers before the. sun strikes them and; keep ('30 l 1111: . oint; seal. hness the Water. Heat inegar and spices to boiling pour at once over the grated cucumber, bottle in Cucumbers bottled in this way retain their res SPICE!) CURRANTS . 5 quarts of currantsl1 pint of vinegar, 1 1,9 pounds of: sugar, 1% pounds corn syrup, 1 teaspoon cloves.- Cook ingred- llllllil'llll!llll';l ients together one hour, and seal in jars. INDIAN CHUTNEY . Two dozen ripe tomatoes, mediUm sized chopped, 6 .‘ onions, medium, chopped 3 red peppers, chopped-.13 green peppers, chopped, dozen tart apples, chopped. 1 pound seedless raisins, 1-' cup celery, out fine,- * quarts of vinegar 1%, cups of sugar 1V2 cups corn sy-V rup salt. Combine ingredients and cook until all are soft and the chutney is thick Put into hot sterilevjars, and seal them. , 5.... CORN BELISH . Five pints sweet corn, out from cob, 3 green sweet 1 1 '211"!"22222222221121!" finely chopped cabbage, ‘é pound of sugar, 1,9 pound of "i Seed and chop peppers. Mix ingredientmtogeth‘er; and? in not, clean jars. Items of Interest to Women Hudson Red Cross has issued a call for kid? gloves and bits of leather for aviators’ jackets. In its annual report the Calumet Laurium Com- : forts committee announces the completion of I. 370 sweaters, 452 mufflers"; 462 Wristlets, 1,247 pairs '01" socks and 319 helmets. This includes 500 pairs of sockssent to local companies in France to sup- ; ply copper country men 'with Company A. Engin-~ 2 eers. Comfort kits have also been supplied to many men. Miss Alice Kolb is one-of: the young women. who - Sei‘ve with fish. ‘. . .7 2. J 2; ploymen-t department of the woman’s committee . Council of National Defense. when the draft to :k away many men. The employment bureau adver- tised for women chemists. Miss Kolb answered She is now assistant chemist and metallurgical analyst for the I R. Hunt Company in the Insur- ance Exchange Building According to Mrs. Lilla S. Walter, head of the state employment bureau for women, there is still a great shortage of good stenographers,‘ as the demand from Washington is increasing. “For other positions." said Mrs. Walter. “We seem to have more women. than we need. Every mother, sister, and distant cousin of a soldier wants a war job." 2‘2:l2i22iii2lllllllllllldi22hllll‘hllhlllllldlllllllllilllil|lll|i;l:2‘||l'22l ll.EllIiIilliiill!iIllslllliliiiilllifiili' ‘2. I21“lil!lli2iil2‘:1 .E 21.'m‘22221!12H22.22222:2.L Dear Penelope:~—I read every word of your page and get so much good from it.—M?'s. Albert Miller, Good Hart Mich 2 22 2' mlllll' lllllllllt i? ll'. ! .llll'. IHHI' lllll‘! lillli lll2llll'llll2ll‘121‘l‘ l W? lll‘l H2 l W. .fll2 ll.‘ 2 H. I Will} H2 |‘ ‘2!2l2'l| Hli Hll!llll2 Illllllllllll': The Kodak on the Farm FTEN AS I work the mem- O cries of other days come pressing upon me. and I cannot resist the temptation to sit idly for a moment medita- ting upon the days and the dear on:s.who have gone before. On such occasions as these I invar- iably dig out the old family al- bum. The pictures of the folks I used to know, some of whom have 'gone to the great beyond, and some of whom have moved to other parts, light up the whole curtain of the past in vivid col- ors, and I smile or drop a tear as I think of the scenes of which they once formed a part. It was truly an event. when any member of the family went to town to get his or her pic- ture “took”,- and it caused quite a stir in the neighborhood when the photographer came out one day, and with much focusing and squinting and shifting from one position to another, secured a “foggy” exposure of the farm house, the general outines of which bore a striking resem- bance to the great Cheops pyram. ids of our history beaks. brother, all Ethel Profit, her aunt and which one is “aunty.” ‘lllillll2l “\\'e're jes’ as bashful as we can be." True friends on the Leonard Farm, St. Louis. 22 22'2 min“; -.,2 2:22 .22: 2i22.22.2.122: 2221221222 222 22142 22 22 ..2 l 2232 222 2222 11.2 .221 22.212222222212222 2.2: ..2‘l2|.l22l youngest of Fair-grove. 'lVonder But its easier now to make a "picture of the farm and the ‘! farm "folks, and we don't—have» to call iup'on'the city photographer either... The. “snap-Shot" cam- era, or the Kodak, has made it possible for anyone to‘ ‘snap” a far superior likeness of objects about the farm than the old- time~ camera- could secure 'under the most favorable cenditions. , I am glad to knew that so many :01? my readers own' ko'daks, and I’ am happy to receive the pictures .they- take of their children and pets. As space permits I hope to? publish all pictures received, . . _ and-.“would like to have all my’ V readers wdi "have good clear" ....... The lying. sheep breed r Clarissa Pearl Beg Mr.V_nn(l’ \ - and which is .‘V‘ 1 .‘i’ .* -r mi and her dolly, Lake Odessa. it. high 2. u ( larissq “93% o’iii i ' Peas in a pod. 'l‘win some of Blr. and Mrs. (‘. Allen Bryant of Imlay City. 2.2211211.22l222ll‘2h2.1222...x22.2 All dressed _1_'Ip' and ’10. place to go. \I' and Mrs. J. n. Ahoy of comic are 1 «proud parents. ._.i122' 2 "l'sl '2. ... “wean? urns-1k m1 .4» V 'u2m22|mum“1mmmauumuuuummuuumumummmmuummwmmmmmumuummmumummmmumuummuumnmmmmuuumI2«ummumumummmmmuummummuIHummuuummummmmmummmmmmm 5.3.9:- «“3 -: *5 .Ft 1 L . .-.-..- A z . .. .t ,; EAR CHILDREN: At last, the D00 Dads! Y0u have waited . very patiently, my dears, a long time for the D00 Dads and I hope you will not feel disappointed. They‘re very funny little folk and I can’t begin to tell you here all the interesting times they have in the Wonderland of Doo. But Mr. Arch Dale. the man who draws them and writes stories about them. will let them visit us once a month .so you’ll soon get acquainted with all the little Doo Dads. I want you to write and tell me how you like the D00 Dads, and whether you would like to see them‘ again. As I promised last week I am pub- lishing this week. the prize winning "Thrift. Stamp“ letters. together with the names of the boys and girls who wrote them. Did I say “boys and girls?” Well. that's a mistake. It can't he that any boys are saving their money to buy Thrift stamps because not a single boy wrote me. How about. it. boys? Aren't you good patriots enough to help your Uncle Sammy by buying Thrift stamps and telling us how you (lid it so other boys can fol- low your example? I want to thank Elmer l'ilnier of Buckley for his poem. “Save and Buy Thrift Stamps,” and I am going to send him a thrift stamp for being thought— t’ul enough to send us this pool“. Your Aunt Penelope wanted to hear from some of you boys. and she hopes you’ll yet write her a letter about your Thrift stamps. But the girls have done nobly. They are helping to win the war, and I am going to send their names and letters to Mr. McAdoo so he will know what splendid patriots we have among the boys and girls of Michigan. The winners of the Thrift stamps are: Bernice Schneider. Lake Odessa; Nora Wilson. Bellaire; Cora E. Mit— chell, Clare; Edith Arbuckle. Gladwiu; Grace Sherburn. Scottville; Blanche Ward, Boone. Quite a number of the boys and girls have sent the pictures which they have drawn themselves. Lack of space pre- vents me from printinng all of these. but I will show you some of them at least. The bird whose picture you see here was drawn by Elise Snowden. If you will read May Coutchie’s let- ter on the next page you will note that she wants a name tor a little mare colt, and I think it would be nice for you all to help her out. ' There are many little ways that you have never thought of in which you can help father and mother. and I am going to mention some of them. I hope you will try to follow out the suir- ——Drawn by Elise Snowden The D00 Dads go a-hunting in the Wonderland of Dec The D00 Dads are out on a hunting expedition—all but Flannel Feet, the Cop. and he is fishing. They are not after big game, however, but are giv— ing most of their attention to frogs and insects It isn’t very often that thc Cop is caught napping, but he was so comfortable in the shade of that big mushroom that he dozcd off. That young Doo Dad thought it was a good chance to play a trick on him, lic is fastening a hook to another youngr Doo Dad. who is so much in‘ tcrestcd in catching a water bcctlc that he hasn’t noted what is going on. The young rascal will give a tug on the line and lilannel Feet will think it is a bigr fish that he has caught. .l’ercy llaw Haw, the lludc, was flirting with a young I)oo Doll. They wcrc playing “Love inc—love me not” with a flowcr when Sntilcsfthc Clown, stirred up that hit: nest of ants, which iimneditacly attacked thc gallant little gcntlcman. The twins are in trou- blcl That big insect was on l’oly’s head when Roly made a sweep at it with his nct. The insert was too quick. however, and got away. and the nct swept down over Roly’s head. 'l‘hose youngr fellows on the knoll are trying to capture that snake. See how onc is holding a mouse over the hole to tempt it to come out. It is coming out, alright. but not where they cxi pcctcd. Unless the Boo Ilad with the fork succeeds in pinning the snake down it will swallow that other little fellow up. Those two Doo Dads on the branch thought it would be fine to catch the two little birdies but just as they were crawling out to them the mother bird got back. She is attack» ing‘ the littlc fellow who holds thc net and he wishes he had left her birdies alone. flld Doc Sawbones. fora won— der. thinks that there is no danger of anyone getting: hurt this time, and so hc has joined in the sport. lie is catching caterpillars in his net while that \‘cnturcsome little fcllOW in the tree throws salt on their tails. Here is Sleepy Sam, the Hobo, Snoozing away soundly as usual. He must have been sleeping a long time for that big spider has spun a web over him. He must be sleeping soundly. too, for he doesn’t notice the mosquitoes which are buzzing around him. That littlc fellow was having a fine. time splash— ing: around in the water when that terrible looking thing hit him on the too. See how he is calling for help. The l>oo Dads are so interested, bow— cvcr, that they do not notice him. \N'hcn the Boo Dads come home for supper they will havc a great time of it relating their adventures on their big hunting trip. gestions. I would be glad to have you tell us about themfi I want a lot more letters from the children who are saving and earning to buy thrift stamps. and for every letter published giving your experi- ence, I will give a stamp book with one thrift stamp. So get busy, boys and girls, and write that letter. With love from your AI'N'I‘ PENELOPE. How I Can Help I can sell old iron to make money for the Red Cross. I can help my grandma so she can knit a sweater for my brother when he goes to camp. I can get in my wood without hav- ing to he told. * I can ask my parents not to buy me an expensive Christmas present. I can save my clothes by not letting them get torn. I can be careful not to twr my clothes so my mother will not have to patch and can knit. I can care for a pen of chickens to conserve the beef and pork supply. I can stop using “bean shooters." I can sell old brass, copper and zmc. I can save money to go through school so I can take the place of some- one who has gone to war. I can send Bibles, paper and envel- opes to soldiers. I can do mother’s work so sh“ can knit. I can hold yarn for mother whiic she winds it into a ball. I can get along without cats and dogs. They eat, too much. I can make scrap-books of funny pictures and stories for the soldiers. »I can kill rats and mice because. .hey eat grains: I can save my shoes by not skating on the soles of them. I can pray God every night that we may win this war. I can write cheerful letters to rel~ :itives in the army. I can get along without scuillying my t'eet,tsave she ‘s‘l. I can collect tin foil for it is very valuable . I I can teach others to be thrifty who do not know how. ”iii/ll)“ I if 1/ _m 12-4.“... .1, ..=-. g, firs-r" ft“ L I l i ’1 i 1 1 ‘1‘ ' I. 1 11 ,j I I l a l 51 a i I rm . . .; Dear“. Aunt Penelopez—J am a' it] 13 * years of age and live on'an 80-;acre'farm in the western‘ part of Michigan. I passed the eighth'grade this year and will be in the: ninth next year: My par- ents take the M. B, F. and likeit very; well, but the part I. like best is the children's department. I am helping to win this war by washing dishes. feeding chickens, helping in the fields, doing housework, and doing all sorts of little things that I can. I have two brothers and one sister. The Fourth of July father asked me if I wanted some fire: crackers and other fireworks I said I would take mine in Thrift Stamps,— be- cause the soldiers need the powder and the money from my Thrift Stamps would help, too. So father gave me a dollar. 1 do enjoy earning and saving money to buy Thrift Stamps. It seems as if I am determined to help “Democracy" along and I am going to all I can. 1 often pass the candy store but I don’t go in, be- cause I am saving my money to buy Thrift Stamps. Nowadays our family has lots of brown bread and johnny cake, I am getting so I like brown bread as well. almost better, than I used to like white bread. Johnny cake is my favor- ite, too. I would just as soon as not have johnny cake and butter for dinner. as well as ice cream and lemonade. I have been studying for a time for a good name for our page. and I like the topic of “Do Your Bit." I have one \Var Savj ings Stamp and eight Thrift Stamps. I want to have my eight Thrift Stamps changed into a V‘l'ar Savings Stamp by January if I have to pick potato bugs at a penny a quart. I haven't written before to you, Auntie, but I think I have made up for it. Yours truly—*Bcrnicc Schneider. Lake Odessa. Mich, \ Dear Aunt Penelope:.—I am a girl 12 years old. I have two brothers. ll‘rancis is 14 years old and Elmo is 8 months old. I help my mother in the house be— cause our house burned last year. Every- thing burned, even our cats, dogs and birds. I saw in the M. B. I". that we children could name the page. I think that “Aunt I’enelope's Little Farmers" wouldbe a nice name for it. I cut the cow out but did not get around to send it to you. Our cattle's names are Baby, Nigger. Rose. Daisy Lea, Cherry, Birdy. Beauty, Honey. Brindle, Goldie. White ll‘oot, Brownie, Constance, Star, Darkic, Coal Black, Jimmy, Buck, Polly and Ladybird. \I'e have a registered Jer- sey master. His name is Constance Jubi- lee Lad. We also have four horses. Their names are Storm. Dan Patch, Topsy and Ginger. We have two dogs. Their names are Guard and Bus— ter. I am trying to help my country. I have a Vl'ar Saving Stamp and I am raising Belgian hares. I have a large garden. I am going to pick black- berries and raspberries to can and am going to pick huckleberries to sell. I am going to save my money and buy p0- tatoes for next year, and when I sell the potatoes I am going to buy War Savings Stamps. I sold arbutus and bought War Savings Stamps. I am going to buy a sheep next year. I am going to sell strawberries, rhubarb and green onions next year. This is all for today—Cora Nephew, Lovells, Crawford County, Mich. Dear Aunt Penelope:—I have been reading some of the other letters in the M. B.>F. and thought I would write. I am‘a. little girl 8 years old. I have gone to school two years and ‘will be in the fourth grade next year. I began in the chart class and passed into the third grade and I passed this year'into the fourth. “'e have four cows. Their g names are Spot, Jersey, Nig and Baby. 1 am learning to milk. VThe last time I milked] get. tour quarts. “'9‘ have a little calf. \Vekcall it Patsy. It is black. It is three weeks old. I have a little brother. His name is Eugene. He‘ will be a year old the 6th of July. I \help mamma and papa lots. I have a half mile to-go after-the mail. When papa is working in the lieldl have to take him waiter. Eugene, and l are buying Thrift Stamps. \\‘e each have two War Savings Stamps and we have started on another book apiece. I' think “Little Helpers’ Corner" would be a nice name for our page. because we are trying to help our Uncle Sam all we can by help— ing our mother and father raise the crops—From Blanche \Vard, Boon. Mich. Dear Aunt Penelopez—I am 11 years old and in the sixth grade. I have live sisters and four brothers. My oldest brother will -be 18 in August. My young— est sister is 1 year and 1 month old. I live two miles and a half from school. I have three brothers and three sisters that go besides myself. \Ve sometimes drive or“ walk. I have many pets. l have two cuts. but no dog. The cats' names are Tom and Nigger. \\'ell, I saw in the paper that you wanted a name for the children’s page. \Vell, I think a good name for it would be “Children's Cozy Corner." The way I am going to help mother is by helping in the house and in the garden- \\'e have quite a num— ber of strawberries. \l'e live near :1 re— sort. Mamma said that we could have five cents for delivering and picking them. I sold I do not know how many, but I have $1.32 and am going to put it all in Thrift Stamps. Papa rents an— other farm besides ours. He is farming 160 acres. \Ve will not have very many cherries this year. But the apple trees are just loaded with apples. \I'e did not have very many apples last year. \Vcll. I will haVe to close now. But will write ugain.~Nora \Vilson. Bellaire, Mich. My Dear Aunt Penelope:——As I saw in the M. B. I“. that you wanted all of us children to write you a letter telling you how we are saving or planning to save. our money for Thrift Stamps, so I thought I would take. the pleasure to write a few lines. I am now saving all of my spare money that I am earning to buy Thrift Stamps and am planning to work during my vacation of school. I have 28 pets, which are rabbits. and when they get large enough I am going to sell them and buy Thrift Stamps. I think it would be a. very good idea for all boys and girls to save their money and invest in Thrift Stamps, and I know we all want to offer just as much help as we possibly can to help our dear Ilncle Sammie, who is trying to win this war and “can the Kaiser," which We all hope and know he can do. You asked us to suggest a name for our page. I think “The Happy Hour with Aunt Penelope" would be n‘ice.~—Cora 1‘}. Mitchell, Claire, Mich. Dear Penelope1—I have not written to you before. so I thought I would write this time. I am in the fifth grade and 11 years old. I have four brothers and one sister. I have a war garden and apatch of potatoes. I am going to buy Thrift Stamps with the money. I wash the dishes every day. I get 401‘ every month to buy Thrift Stamps. I cut thistles in the field and sweep the floors in the house. I have a War Savings Stampand I am going to try to get enough Thrift Stamps for another one. I will have to close for it is time. for dinner—Grace Sherburn, Scotlvillc. Mich. Interesting Letters from Our Boys and Girls Dear Aunt Penelopez—I did not get the cow cut out but if you don't care I will name her. I think a pretty name for her would be Daisy Lee. \\'e. have a 280-acre farm. “'e have 15 head of cattle, and five. horses; each of the five people in our family bought :1 $5 \V. S. S. Our school did not close until the 28th day of June. so you see my sister and I did not have time to plant :1 garden. Ilut mothcr planted :1 large one :111d “'o hpr licr nearly all the time in it. This spring mothcr gave me a, setting hen and 14 eggs, I set the hen and I have six little chickens and I have a little pullet and tw0 old hens. This full I am going to scll one of them. I have a large cow a11d~calf. The cow's mum» is l’ansy :111d thc. calf‘s 1111mc is llukc. I like to lch on the farm. 1 would likc to have our page named "Aunt I’enclop1- and Her Children" on it. I Would likc to have continmd stories. lettcrs 11nd puzzles and cutouts. \\'cll. I have writ- ten enough for ihc lirst Iimc. I wish some. Of the Children would writc to me. Twelve years. sixth grade—~Ilolen 1‘]. ll. Gehrig, Vanderbilt, Mich. It, I“, I). 1. Aunt Penelope: I am 13 years of age and live on a farm. I have been i‘cuding your letter in the paper every week, but neglected writing. I try to help I'nclc Sam all I c.1111, so I suggest “Uncle Sam's Childrcn” as :1 name for our page, as I think we all ought to help Uncle Sam that We may be proud to be, called Uncle Sam's children. Therc are many amusements that we could write for our page. such as puzzles. jokes. slorics. tricks. experiences and many othcrs. I have been to Red Cross mcctings :1 I'cw times and intend to go more us it has just begun this spring around herc. I have only one sister and we are paticnt— ly waiting for the "Doc Dads.” but when they appear they will be all the more funny. Let‘s stand together and make a good success from our page.—~(.‘atherine Pasch, Farwell, Mich, R. F. D. No. ., Dear AuntPenelope: My parents take the M. B. F. I have been reading the letters that the children wrote, so I thought that I would write, too. I think “Uncle Sam's Little Helpers” would be a nice name for our corner. We live on a 100—acre farm. 1 have just two broth- ers. We have 39 head of cattle. X of them are covvs. I am :1 years old and :1111 in the fourth grade at school. I help my mamma in the. house a lot. I likw to ride horscback.~l€dith Arbucklc, Illud< win. Mich. R. I“. I). No. 4. Dear Aunt l’enelopezv—l :1111 :1 boy 1:: years old and live on a farm of ‘10 :1crcs. “'e takc thc M. 1:. I“. “'0 likc it ycry much. \‘Vc have livcd hero llll‘l'c yours lust April. \\'e have about 111 more acres to clear yct and then u'c will have it all cleared. \Ve livc three milcs south— c:ist of I'lucklcy. I :1111 in thc sovcnth grade and have, 131 miles to go to school, \\'c have one cow and two lieil'crs. thcir 11:1.mcs arc Ilosc. I’unsy 11nd I’.o1111ic. I have been working on the 1‘111‘111 this summer. \Vc 11:1vc iu'o hogs :111d 11:1\'1- 1W1 litllc chicks. I have 111111- 1111111 chicks. I huvc :1 war gurdcn. I know :1 good numc for thc childrcn’s pasc. 11' is “(‘hildrcn's (‘ozy (‘orncrfi' I drcw :1 bird for you. It is :1 rosc—brcnstcd gross» beak. I hope to win :1 Thrift Slump. I like to read Vorses and give riddles :111d draw. I have onc acre of polutocs in. It irostcd Saturday. It hurt our corn. \\'1: hch been huvmgr sand storms bore. Here is :1 verse I made up. SAVE AND BUY THRIFT STAMPS Save and buy ’I‘hril‘t :111d \Var Savings Stumps. And they will camps; And they will make him drop his guns and lancc. ICVcry Thrift Stump that you buy Mukcs more of thc I\':1isc1"s men dic. And take out Libcrty Iloaus, .\ud the Allies will not .Ilill's Ilcsh :111d bones. And for the Allics we must save the wheat So the Allies will have plenty to cat. Ilccuusc We don't want .Ilill‘s men to beat. Save and buy stamps. \\'e should buy stamps in this dreadful din, And the Allies will be sure to win. Every War Sayings that you buy Soaks the Kaiser in the eye. We must have our meat and wheat So the Allies will have plenty to eat. When the Kaiser gets beat The'guns will cease to roar. send bullets into Bill's ”mum- ....W...m.m.~m.-.....................s . All, ' When the Wan'is'won. ’ -L do“? boys'Wflls come ‘. opposite shore. hometfnomsthe . We will see what the War Savings'has one. Vl'e willrsee our soldiers come marching down the street And those that bought “'ur Savings will be glad. And those that didn't will be sad. So you had better buy War savings and be glad. ' ——I"rom Elmer I’llmer. Buckley. Mich. Dear Aunt Penelopez—I think I like experience letters. I‘pick strawberries for mamma and pick potato bugs and help do chores for papa. I am sending you one of my pictures. That is my slcd in front of me. The tree I run standing up against is a (‘ntalpzi lrcn; thw bush is a lilac bush. Those are oak tree; back of me. The clothes line is just back of the Catalpa tree. That was in the win- ter timc. My sister Mabel took my pic- ture. There are a lot'of hills around our house so in the winter I take m." sled and slide down them, Ilown south of our barn is always :1 big pond. thn it is frozen I go round it. Sonniime: I take my sled on top of a hill 11nd slide down onto the pond. It is :1 lot of fun. We chopped places for thc cow< to drink around the edge (1' it. There is :1 little, creek by our house :111d \th1 the water is warm I go wading in it. There is» a gravel pit in :1 ficld of ours. 'I‘hcy gct gravel out of it for the road. Hucc in a while Mabcl and 1 go Iishing in 1111- creek in papa's boat.-l<‘crn Ilcnnis, (lrccnvillc. Age ten years. Dear Aunt I’enelopcksl :1111 :1 girl ll years 01‘ use. I live on :1 farm with my grandpa :111d grandma. I 11:1V1- two brothers and one sister. I rc:1d in the M. P». I“, that you \vouId like some boy or girl to suggest a nzlmc for our pngc. I think this Would bc :1 nice name for It: My Reader's l'uge. To help win this great war I 11111 going to save my pen— nies and buy thrift stamps. I 11:1vc r111— atives in the \\':11~-th11 cousins and a stepfather. One cousin is in Franco and my stepfather is about to s:1il across the great sca. My grandpa has tWo cows. thrcc horscs. two colts, ouc dog, two ducks. one cat, and :1 lot of chick- ens. \\"c live on a farm of 83 acres. It is 5% miles from town, IV‘ell. I will have to close :1s I can‘t think of any morcfi'l‘hclmu ,I.. I“re:1r. Mason. Mich. Dear Aunt I’cnelopez—HI saw in the M. II. I“. that you wanted every one to write to you that hadn't yet. so I thought that I would enclose a picturc I drew with :1 short letter. also :1 name for our page. “The Children's I‘irclc.” I think would be :t nice one. I am a. tall girl of 13 years, with red hair. and freckled face. and in thc sev— enth and eighth grade at school. I live on :1 60—acre farm. “'9. have five cows. eight calves and two horses. The horses‘ names are Billy and Dick. The cows are named Daisy. Molly, Roxy, Minnie :md Dolly. We have :1. little kitten. She is yellow and white. 1191'. name is Creamy but we call her Keemy. She is very playful—I'Clise Margaret Snowdcr. Spruce. Mich. II. I". D. No. l. 1., I111mvy1 1.1.uom1 IIIIIIIIII'IIIII'MII‘I'II‘W tullllllll 1“ Summer Styles No. Mum—Child's UnderWear Sct cut 111 sizes .1/9, 1, 2, 41.5, _ 10 and 1'3. years. A girtrude petticoat is so cool and com- fortable for little girls. The weight hangs from the shoulders, and does away w1th all bands and buttons. This pattern is equally as suitable for the six months ba— by as the. little girl of 10 or 12 years. The closed drawers are simply gather ed to straight bands. One can casily r1111 elastic into the. waist band and use Ihcm for bloomers. For the younger child these are very handy since tlicy need so many more pairs of drawers than waists. The hot summer days my little girls wear slur ply a band, bloomers and dress made 111 one-piece slip-on style. No. 8S)2~l~r~(lirl’s Dress. I‘ut in sizcs I}, 8 111 12 and 11 years. The panel cl‘fccl is herc shown in most becoming stylc for young girls. The panel front of thc skirt is cut in onc with the from of 11111 waist. making the dress very simple in construc— tion. The remainder of lhc skirt is one piecc, guihcrcd lo the wuist :111d joining to the pancl :11 thc~ from. The fancy shaped collar :111d buttons :lrc tho only lrinuning rcduircd :111d givc thc most ordinary drosscs :1 vcry dressy effect. The surplicc cicht shown in cro ing of thc collar curls :nakcs sister‘s dross look just Iikc 11111tl1cr's. .Vo. Xi)l§~~l.:1dics‘ Illousc, quaint 111 style and so “comfy" is this simple» :il'tcr— noou blousc ol' doth-d swiss with :1 (loop I'ichu of cmbroidcrcd 1111111. lump cull's cdgcd with 11:11'1‘ou' \':1lcncicncs lacc, 1111— ish lhc long full slccvcs :111d 111cs:1111ccdu’c :111d inscrtion :11‘c uscd to form :1 small Vcsl ii‘ dcsircd, Anything in this drupcd iichu cffcct is \‘cry popular this ycui'. both in blouses :111d drcss waists. This hattcrn is cut in sizcs :III, 38. >10, and 11: inches bust meusurc. No. 89177771.:11111-s' llrcss. 1‘111 in siztns 36, 38, ‘10, «13 and 11 inchcs bust uninsurc Anothcr conscrvulion puttcrir cusily used to rcmodol :111 old garmcni or co111biuing two different materials. .\ pancl hangs from Ilu- 11cck to below ihc waist linc in front and tits into the. bclt in back. Thcsc pancls 21nd the lower scciion of the skirt are of contrasting 111:1— tcrial. The squarc sailor collar finishes the neck and :1 wide crush bolt is shown :it the normal waist 1111c. The closing is :it lhH left sidc from. No. 8921 1.:1dics' Two (lored Skirt. (Tut in sizes B-I. 21$. L‘h‘. 311, .‘i‘l, ill, and ill; inclus waist 111c:1s11rc. The back gorc cx— lcnds \\'cil over the hips to the front and is much widcr than the front. Thc i:1t.tcr is clll',’cd from lhc waist line to hip at each sido :111d two small inset pockcls add a tailored effect. This style is exception- ally good in wash matcrials as 11111 bias seams are so nearly straight towards the lower edge. The wide crush belts are shown on almost all the late summer Skirts and drcsscs. No. twill—Homo Work Suit, (‘up :111d apron cut in sizes 36, All) and All inches bust measure. The cap is just the plain dutch stylc. :1 large circular piece shirr— \~1~d-i\ ”' ‘. I «- 1_Dear «Aunt Penelopeze—l‘v was verysgl'ad - to 'see your letter in the Michigan . I love to write letters; Business Farming. . I live. on aninety-ucre farm. “'e have Six cows and four heifer calves. which father is raising for cows. Their names are Buttercup, Molly. Daisy. Fanny. Bell. Rhona. Topsey and Snowball. Daisy is the cow 1 call my own. She is so gentle. » it just seems that she would like to ml to me. ’ I am ten years old and I am in the sixth grade. Bcsides myself I have three brothers and three sisters. two of them are out working. My smallest sister is five years old, she is the baby of the. family. she has six pretty curls. \Ve all think much of her. Her name is Dorothy.——May Coutchie. Fremont. Mich. .. I>c:1r Aunt I’enelopez—I have cut out the puzzle of the cow. but I will have to think a little before I find :1 good name for it. I think Bluebell is a pretty name. “'9 have six cows. ’I‘hc breed of our cows are. Jersey and Holstein. My father and my brother milk them. My broth— er’s name is Maynard. I am glad thut' we live on a form bccaus‘c. We c1111 have all the milk and cream We want to make butter with, We got two cows that are tome. I can not think of any more to say-«Catherine 1*]. V'. l‘otcher. Pontiac. Mich. 11":11‘ l'cnoloperal :im naming the (tow lieuuiy. ()11 this form we have nine cows, (1111' cows are Holstein and com- mons. I :1111 1'.’ runs old, I help my parents hoe now :111d pull Weeds. . 0111‘ cows' names are. Hos-“V. llolh’. Spoty. I’lory. Nancy. .Iulia, Rosy. Nellie 21nd. Fancy. .\II of our cows are big :111d fut. Soillc give 1! quarts of milk, but some :ll'c milked from full and tlv‘v give less. .\I:11‘_\’ \':1\'idonskc, Slundish. Mich. .\I_v Ileuy' l‘onclopc:~~l :1111 intereslcd in your part, :111d lhc pogo you urc go~ ,ing to start. I may be too old to join it, but will write onc Iettcr. I 21111 12’. years old, 11nd when school be- gins ncxt yo-ir I will be in the eighth grudc. I like 1o \\'(Il‘l( outdoors and help raise food for 1111‘ soldiers. I also have chickcns, . I 11:1Vc lu'o brothcrs younger than I am, who work on the I':11‘1n.r~—(‘.I:1dy:~‘ R. Il‘isk. II:1I‘II'o1‘d. .\licl1. hour Aunt I’cnclopc: I 11:1V1- put the cow puzzle together :111d 1 think that Blossom Would be. :1. good 11:1,: for her. W'c h:1\'c three cows—tum .Ic scys. lhcir names are Belle and Quccn, and one Ilol~:ici11 her name is Daisy. I have to go after the cows every night. I :1111 only eight years old and will soon be big cnough to milk the cows.——.\Igcr Hubbard, Rollairc. Mich, l’cnclopotvl am sending I think (lover is a IVe have three Dear Aunt the cut-out puzzle. nice name for the cow. Jersey cOWs. I help momma by wiping the. dishes. feeding the little chickens and then we hoe in the garden—Earl L. Kennedy, Central Lake, Mich. 11.l1111'lllll‘IIIIIIilllllllrlllollllll I?!“ '.‘|l" 1‘liIlllllllllllIlllllllrlllllil"l.lllHllllllllllllulllllllll ed onto a straight turned back fore—piece. This cap always fits the head snugly when desired and yet 11 becoming style for morning wear. The one-piece apron is cut to fit plain in front and gathered to the belt at the back. Two large hip pockets hang from the belt and will be found most, convenient on cleaning days to slip thing into as one picks up the scat- tcred odds and ends thruout the house. def -!e "3.?4‘117a7ifi‘fi. I’ricc of patterns ten cents each. Ad— dress, Farm Home Dept. Michigan Business Farming. Mt. Clemens, Mich. if: s. .- Ire». \ solve! ,,,,, E USINESS lllllllllllllllll llllll fill!’lllmllIlll!lllllI[HHHIIHIII|!llllllllllllllllllnllllllllllll I think M. B. F'. is a live paper, and should have the hearty eo— —operation of every enthusiastic faxme1.—Arthur Grubbs, Wexford county Received a copy of your paper. Like the remarks concerning the markets_es— pecially the bean situation—Port Cov1116, Alcona county. Michigan Business Farming gives the farmer more good advice than any farm paper I ever read. s—Wm. Gooch, Tus- eola county. I like your paper very much; it is surely something the Michigan farmers have been needing—Allen Bookwalter, Osceola county. I enclose one dollar for my subscrip- tion. The Michigan Business Farming is the greatest little paper I ever saw.—-S. K., Montcalm county. I think your paper hits the nail right on the head—Paul Lehmann, Newaygo county. We think it a fine paper. Couldn’t do without it.—-B. A VVorthing, Gratiot county. The paper is just what the farmers should have had a longr time ago—R. D. Miller, Isabella county. over Michlgan look fine! It will surely be a bountiful harvest and a much needed One for we have suffered many losses during these war- years that NOW can be made up, 1F YOU GETTH E HIGHEST SELL.- ING PRICE O-BTAINIABLE WHEN YOU SELL! That’s the big problem, but it’s the one that this weekly wants to help every business farmer in Michigan You cannot afford to farm without when a dollar bill—less than 2c a week brings it every week! ——'don’t take our word for it, read what hundreds of the best business FARNIING 1 Keep the ball rolling; do not sell out; we farmers need you.~—-F. L. Disbro, Montcalm county. The Business Farming is just what ev- ery farmer ought to have—W. J. Gill- espin, Branch county. The paper is fine and I admire the work you are doing—C. Frank Coven, Eaton county. We greatly appreciate the steps of the M B F. towar‘ the good of the farmer.— Anton Balint, ‘iscola county. Am very much pleased with the M. B. F.—Henry Yost, Calhoun county. We think it is the best farm paper we ever had—Wm. M. Easton, Jackson Co. I think every farmer should take M. E—William W. Karnitz Gratiot Co. I think your farm paper is the very best printed—Gale Caswell, Mecosta Co. Every business farmer should take this paper. —E. C. Koch, Berrien county Enclosed please find $1. 00 for your pa— per its a dandy. ——VV T. Edgar, Gra- tiot county. MT. CLEMENS, MICH. Send your weekly for one year for which I Enclose a dollar bill herewith or ( I will send $1 by'Nov. l, 1918 ( KEEP M. B. F. COMING—USE THISCOUPON " MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMING, ) mark Name P. o. R. D. F. No. i 0 State County' RENEWALS—If you are a subscriber, look on the front cover at your yellow address label, it it reads any date before August 18, clip it out, pin to this coupon 11 dollar bill and send it in right away so you will not miss any important issues. If renewal mark an X here ( ) which I llllllllIIIllllllllllIllllllllnllllllllllllllIllIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIllIIIIlIIIIllIlllIIIIIIIIllIllllllllIlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllUllll|l|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll[llIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllnlllllllll|llllllIllllllIlllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll . l ingredient in Bordeaux , farmers who are confiiel black-rot of grape, and. bitter- blotch of apple are asking at“ States Department of? Ag “What can we us'e1-as .a Stib Bordeaux mixture?” Ther stitute, according to spec”. . department—Bordeaux mixture :is the only reliable preventive for Isiich die. seases. ~ Every package of commercial Bor- deaux mixture carries a label on whiCh is given its content of copper. This is usually given in percentage, and by mul- “ tiplying this percentage by 3.93 the re- sult gives the amount of crystalized copper—sulphate, the bulletin explains. If the percentage is given in terms of copper oxid, multiply by 3.14; if in cop- .per hydroxide, multiply by 2.56. In order to calculate the copper suiphate when diluted ready for application, mul— tiply the number of pounds of the con- centrated Bordeaux mixture to be added to 50 gallons of water by the percentage of copper sulphate. Physical properties, such as adhesive- ness, texture, spreading quality, and i rate of settling, also are important fac— tors in determining the efliciency of Bordeaux mixtures. A preparation con- taining 21 large amount of copper, but coarse and granular in texture, with poor spreading and sticking qualities, can not be expected to give good results in cases where a good fungicide is re- quired. To test the physical properties, dilute the mixture and place a small quantity in a glass tube, and watch the speed with which the solids settle to the bottom. If the copper is held in sus- pension for a great length of time the physical properties of the mixture may be regarded as good. In order to reduce the cost of spray material some growers are using a weaker mixture than is commonly ad- vised for the various diseases which re- quire Bordeaux treatment. When the disease attacks are mild, a Bordeaux mixture containing considerably less copper sulphate than is commonly ad— vised may give very good control, pro- vided its physical properties are good and it is thoroughly applied, the bulle- . market days: Hebrew holidays of interest to the trade and especially the live poultry trade for the Hebrew year 5679 which Commences Sept. 7,191.8, and extends -—t'o Szept. 24 1919, are given below, to- gether With the live poultry most in demand and the probable best market days: New Year’ s—Sept. 7- 8, 1918. Best market days: Sept. 2 to 5. Live poul- try most in demand; Fowls, turkeys, ducks and geese. Day of Atonement—Sept. 16, 1918. Best market days: Sept. 9 to 14. All prime live poultry wanted, especially spring chickens and roosters. , — Feast. of Tabernacles—Sept. 21-22, 1918. Best market days: Sept. 17 to 19. Kinds most in demand: Fowls, ducks and fat geese especially. Feast of Law—+Sept. 28- 29 1918. Best market days: Sept. 23 to 26. Kinds most in demand: Prime quality of all kinds wanted. Purim—March 16, 1919. Best mar- ket days: March 11 to 14. Kinds most in demand: .Fowls and prime hen turkeys. Passover—April. 15—16, 1919. Best market days: April 8 to 12. Kinds .most in demand: Turkeys, heavy fowls, fat ducks and geese. Last Passover—April 21, 1919. Best April 15 to 19. Prime quality of all kinds wanted. Feast of Weeks—June 4,1919. Best market days: May 28 to Itine 2. Good fowls especially wanted. I think the paper is just what we need. -—-R. J. Hackstra, Montcalm county. Michigan Business Farming is a fine paper for the farmer and I cannot let it go. —Arthur W. Stephenson Midland Co. Like your paper very much. It is the best farm paper in the world I believe.— Mrs. Orval Walker, Clare county. Your paper is the best farm paper I have ever seen and I wish you may be successful in the work you have started for the farmers, as they need some one to stand by them for they fail entirely when it comes to standing firm for their rights as a who.le ———James Cowil, Huron county. -——we can help! promise nothing. Any good banker in Michigan will loan any good farmer money with which to buy a silo—if you find a banker who won’t, send us his name, we’re looking for his kind. Want a Silo? Put Us to Work. We have pledged this weekly to encourage the building of 500 , silos in Michigan during the. next two months. This means that we will aid in every possible way any reader of this weekly who wants to build a silo and If you have no silo or if you need another, fill out this coupon and get it into the next mail—there is no obligation for you to buy now or later——but we will help you all we can in getting the best price and the earliest possible delivery and erection of the silo on your farm in time for this fall’s use. , If necessary we will help you get the necsssary funds through your local banker by pointing out to him the patriotism of aiding in this necessary war conservation measure. We would also like to know of any new silos being erected by our readers, the kind, capacity, etc., you who are silo boosters; let’s make this a big‘successful drive that will place a silo on every Michigan farm! Use this coupon, the obligation and expense are ours, you also to have letters from ___...—.—__.__—.——_———-————-~___—___——-___ _.._ _., . MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMING, . Mt. Clemens, Mich” I would like to build a silo this year, and would be glad to have you help me in getting information, prices, etc., altho it is under— . stood that I assume no obligation in asking for and receiving this service, which you gladly render your readers free! Signed : . . PORFD ,. Cdunty State I I I I I . . I I I I onor.a.o.c.n'..anae’oeueoooo-oeoounu'oncndo-o'o-ooooapo l x l ' l _._.l . *m—_—_~M“m__4___;-_fl_;_wm.____.ri__~f.- Grand Traverse ' '( Northeast ) ——Every- thingr looks fairly :well except corn and. beans. Corn is backward on account of so much cool north wind and beans all look yellow. Hay is good in most“ places. Rye wi‘nter killed some and oats on high landsare not good; wheat looks fair. Everyone is busy even women and girls; help is scarce and some cattle and hogs are being sold. Eggs are 35c per dozen; butter is 30c; butterfat is 430. A farmer had his barn struck by lightning a short time ago; lost quite alot in it.- C. L. B.. W'illiarr.sburg, July 15. Branch (North Central)w—Fariret's cutting'grain and hay and tending corn. Weather fine days, cool nights. Soil in fine condition for growing crops. Farmers selling some stock: not holding anything. Prices at lTn- ion City. July 18: Wheat, $2.08; oats. 65c; hay, 106015; new potatoes. 1.50; butter. 3); butterfat. 42; eggs. 37; sheep. 9@10; lambs. 16; hogs. 16.50; beef steers, 9‘ beef cows. 7; veal calves 16.50; wool. 60@67.—-F. S., Union City. July 19. Kalamazoo—1.1'me1‘s are cutting their grain. most of the wheat is very poor. Rye 'and barley are good. oats are extra good. The corn is fair; we got a nice rain last night. The hay crop is the lightest it. l-as ever been ex. cept. some few fields. The soil is, in good condition now with plenty of moisture to help the corn and nota- toes for the present. There will be quite a lot of stock sold this fall on account of short hay crop and high price. No grain going to market at present as most people are short of -t'eed.~F. H. H.. Climax. July 16. Saginaw (South Central)~Labor putting in long hours, the weather is extra good so they have accomplished a lot of work. Haying is about done. The wheat harvest will be short as it is only about half a crop. Oats are be- ginning to turn and are good. Pota— toes are looking good but will soon need a rain. Beans are a good stand but they look as if they had the fever and ague. the bottom leaves are yellow and 1 think they had a chill these cold nights. we have had."G. L.. St. Charles. July 20." Snnilnc (Ct’ntr‘al)~blost of the far— mers are into their hay. which is in general rather light. Most of the new seeding is good but the old mead- ows are rather light. Early planted potatoes are looking pretty good; there are some new potatoes among the far- mers. and there is some garden stufi‘ fit to use so that will help out the food question. There was one of the neigh. bor's sons drowned at Camp Custer last Saturday while in bathing. He got fn a hole and never came up. A diver got him and he is being brought home today. the 25th. His name was John Falconer. (hits and barley are looking good so far as to the length of the straw on the flat land. on the high- land are not. so long in the straw but we need some rain at. this time and some. cool weather for the oats and bar- ley are 'all out in head.——A. Rhian— dusky. July 23. Lancer (Sourhmst )~»Farmers are new busy finishing up their haying and cutting rye and spring wheat. Some fields are quite ripe and serve are real green yet. Oats and barley are turning fast as it is quite dry. We need a good rain or the late potatoes will be a short crop here. Prices at lmlay City, July 20: Wheat. $195611 2.05; oats. 6561770; hay, timothy, 12; light mixed. 10: beans. $ti.50@8.50; hens,18; springers, 20@25; butter. 41; butterfat. 43; eggs. 37; sh 3). 56178; lambs. 96MB: hogs, l3@1650; beef steers, 96‘0“): beef cows, 5@7; veal calves, .14; wool. 67.»~~C. A. B.. lmlay City, July 20. * Arcnac (Ii‘rzsl)~~\Vell. I’m glad to state to my neivhbors that this week has been a fine grm’ing week and with some showers has made the farmers smile. Corn, beans. peas, potatoes and in fact all. crops. are good excepting. hay which is light. Auction sales good. We expect to black both the Kaiser’s eyes.—--W. B. 3.. Twining, July 19. Vanburcn (East Centrall—~'l‘lie gold- en grain is being put into shocks. The rain Tuesday night and Wednesday ‘ . revived everything. Corn is looking good. Marsh grass is being cut. Road- work is being done. Grapes are look- ing good where not hit by the frost; some rot is showing in places. The Welch Juice Company has bought property in Lawton and contracted for 2000 tons of grapes at $55, or the market price. Raspberries have held price at $4.00 per crate but are about gone—V. T. G., Mattawan. July 20. ()cncsec (Southeast)~The majority of farmers have nnished haying and The rest will probably do so in a few days. Some farmers are cutting grain and Others are cultivating t'Ol'l and bt-ans. ’I he weather has hem hot for the last few days; no rain for several days and the crops need it badly. Most farmers have their hay in. good condition this year due to the dry weather we had for haying. Wheat. rye and barley are ripening very fast and most farmers will start at their grain next week. (‘orn and beans are are looking good. Bitlnvieat is grow. ing very slow on account of dry wea- ther. Prices at Flint. July 17: Wheat: $2.17; red wheat. 2.19; corn.1.70; oats. 82; rye 1.50; hay. 1261316; 1neans, R cwt: red kidney beans, 9 (wt; potatoes 00; Cabbage. 300603.25 bbl: cucumbers. $1.00 dozen: hens. 25; springers. 3260 40; ducks. 286030; geese. 1861710: tur- keys. 2461725; creamery butter. 4" dairy butter. 40: eggs. 42: sheen. 0 W 10; lambs. 1461715; beef steers. 861710: beef cows 4.506138; veal calves. Elf/nil; wool. Grief. W. S.. Fenton, July 19. Mom‘ocerarmers are short of help but the weather is favorable. and if such continues hay. wheat and oats will be harvested in good shape. The wheat threshing commenced and is yelding from 121/1: to 35 bushels per acre. Early potatoes are mostly a failure and the late planted ones will be unless we get rain. I do not think that Monroe county ever suffered so much droughth. W. H.. July 22. Sf. Cloth—All grain. potatoes, beans and corn are suffering for rain; unless we get rain within a few days the late potatoes will be a failure. Corn is 31- so starting to show the lack of rain, and I do not believe the rye. wheat and oats will fill properly with this con- tinued hot weather and no rain. Jacks-on (Ronthl-*Weather dry and hot. Wheat and rye nearly harvested. Corn looking good but rain neetie'l. Huckleberries are selling for $8 pcr bushel at the marsh. Blackberries are ripe but not vary plentiful owing to hard winter. Threshing out of the field to start this week. Not a prom- isin-g yield of wheat looked for. farmers have, been offered $3.75 a hi. for beans. There seems to be, no de- mand for them at present. Good de- mand for fruit which is scarce. Dry weather damaged raspberries/4}. 3.. Hanover. July 20. (Yrawfortlp Potatoes are looking good. Garden truck of all kinds is doing very well.. Farmers are cut— Some J old seeding is poor. Farmers are doing their own work as there is no help to be had outside of their own families. Some pieces of corn are looking goOd; and some is spotted. that is short in places and big corn in the same field. and it is not in tassel yet. Early sowed oats are lorking the best; 'later sowed oats went in when it was very dry and did not get the start.— D. F. 8.. Frederick. July 22. Southeast Livingston and northeast. WnshtcnawL—Shortage of labor in this vicinity has not been felt as many of the young men were left on the farms for the present. Another reason is that. we haven’t had a rainy day for two months so farmers have lost no time and'no extra work on account, of rain. The hay in this locality is about two-fifths of ave-age crop; some farmers harvested ‘heir hay with no help at all doing all the work alone. l'()l.l'l'l(‘.\l. ting their hay; - new seeding is good, j._ ._ _~.,,,__L-_3’ nodanger ofrain: so one had..plenty of time to do his “work. Bean cultivating did not interfere as a rule. because beans did not come up for two or three weeks on‘ account of lack of- moisture. “Many fields have not been cultivated at all and some on clay land have not come up. The outlook for both potatoes and corn is very, very discouraging unless rain comes im- mediately—G. C., Rushton. July 22.- ()gemaw.-We had a heavy rain on June 30; none since-y we need rain bad for potatoes and beans. Oats are; headed and looking good; must have rain soon to fill well. Rye and barley are pretty well advanced; will be fair. Early planted potatoes are set.- ting. Labor is scarce. Hay was a short crop but weather was so dry it was secured in good condition. Some of the boys that were exempted until tall are being called now so it will make help still more scarce.~~W’.. N. .\ l)\’ l‘lli’l'lh‘ EM EN 1‘ Truman H. No wbcrry try at large. A. A. Templeton, Genarul Chaim: Paul H. King, Executive Clunmn Michigan’s ’Tis true. Michigan never fell short in her duties to the coun- A big state alwayI coming through in a big way. H But now there comel ltill another opportunity. This year we elect senators—representatives of ours—to protect our rights and those of the country at large. We must send to the senate men who are real American. and who will uphold American ideals to the uttermost. We have such a man in Truman H. Newbcrry who has in the past and is now serving his country in a big way. His past experience wonderfully fits him for this important position. He's a fighter from the word go. gctic and not to be bullied or coerced. Firm in his conviction: and positive in his determination. long been the topic of men who know. and Michigan’s gift to the nation. TRUMAN H. NEWBERRY for United States Senator Published by Newborn: Smlonil Cantu-I'm. Gift to the Nation A man of iron will, encr— His stand for the right has He is the people’s man LOST—4 two year olds and l yeurlings, each with a. round hole punchcd in right 'car. Any information regarding same will be greatly appreciated. Bert Smith, Hale, Michigan- For Sale. 5009 lbs. sand vetch, tentabtmt {)8 and 100%. Sample free on request... 16¢ per lb. Sat-ks tree. John («lattgmmc Mauistee, Mich. RR. 2 Box 1225.. «our (final...) \V’ ...ie§§ @ l 9 h E‘; How can any progressive farmer afford to hesitate about applying land lime. when every farm authority urges the use of lime and is able to prove itsadvantages? It, will pay to specify Solvay Pulverized Limestone. because it is so fine and contains Such a high percentage of carbonates, that it will provide maximum results at a minimum cost. _We are now able to take care of your Fall requirements because extensive additions to ourequipment are now in operation. Ask us to send you Litmus for you to use in making a coil test. SOLVAY PROCESS COMPANY, 582 West Jefferson Avo., Detroit, Michigan In Bulk or m 100 - lb. . Paper Sacks in Box Cars ‘ .m‘sm ‘ \ 9,, :1 9'9. :3 1 ,i A Get our Silo Now DON T delay— profits are at stake. There 5 still time to build and benefit from a silo this season. 9 Silage feeding 13 go . the cattle and for T .615 are helping increase the nation 5 iobd 8* supply. They are feeding their dairy : . cows, beef cattle, herses, sheep, hogs i and poultry sensibly and economically. And they re getting maximum returns from their acreage. With a Lasco or a Hinge- Door Silo, you can grow more crops, raise more cattle, and make more money Prompt Shipment The Lasco offers—for the first time—perma- nence and door perfection in tile silos. It is built of vitrified tile. with perfectly sealed Joints, and scientifically reinforced by steel rods embedded . is cement. Equipped with the famous Hinge- oor. II Of all wood stave silos, the famous Hinge-Door is first choice through strength, economy and convenience. Equipped with the four big features in silo construction: Hinge Door. 11 Steel Door Frame. '99 OF FF Hook Lag Screw, Easy-to- tighten Heaps, All nor stick; prevents ensilage drying out and freezing; has a lock operated by one hand; hinges form a perfect ladder. ' g Write us for literature Lansing Silo Co. Formerly Woodsg Bros. Silo 81 Mfg. Co. Lansing, Mich. ’ 1.... _»'~~of soil . Tference 1011132 pm; cent ,‘iflflf the average «farms ni each group. IUL ' The famous Hinge- Door doesn t freeze 1n, bind IL Direct from the Farm to Consuming Markets We handle poultry eggs, butter, veal calves dicssed hogs, maple syrup, onions. apples, potatoes hay, l1ea11s,or anything 1aised on the farm. On car lot shipments “e reach all the leading market centers through our chain of per- sonal representatives. We get shippers the may outside maiket price because we have the facilities and know how. WE SELL FARMERS AT WHOLESALE PRICES Frtilizer Binder Twine, Paris Green Spraying Materials, Grass Seed, Fence Posts, Auto Tiies Gleaner Brand Paints Pu1ina l>ai1y Horse, Chicken, Calf and Hog Feed B11111, Middlings, Cor,n Oats, Nursely Stock, Brooms, Canned Goods, Soap and other staple lines used on the farm. BllN 1H4 reserved a supply laxge enough to take (are of the far'meis’ rtqui1e111£nts if they will Oider ea11y in the season Quality fully guaranteed '111d ou1 price will swue Vou money. Write us today for prices and further information. CLEARING HOUSE ASSOCIATION N. F. SIMPSON, Gen. ltlgr. Telephone Cherry 2021 323—327 Russell St., Detroit An Organization for Michigan Farmers More than $1, 000, 000. 00 of business written the first year. This proves the demand for our company. More than $120 (100.00 of filSt 1eal estate moxtgages on deposit with the state t1easu1e1 which proxes our responsibility Your liability can be protected by our reliability This is no time to take long chances. In these critical times “safety first” should be the watchword. (Io-operate with us and insuxe your live stock against death from accident and disease and thus save more than $3, 000 000. 00 annually to the farmers of Michigan and to society Consult our local agent in your vicinity. Michigan Live Stock Insurance Co. Colon (‘. Lillie, President Harmon J. \Vells, Sec. and Trans. 319 Widdicomb l!‘.dg., Grand Rapids, Mich. Graebner 31113., Saginaw, \V.S., Mich. CONSIGN YOUR LIVE STOCK TO CLAY, ROBINSON &' CO. LIVE STOCK COMMISSION Chicago South St. Paul South Omaha Denver East Buffalo 9_Fort Worth East St. Louis . El Paso South St. joseph Kansas City Sioux City “ “1330 Twelfth fittest,r Wit hmuwmmmym we a" - ‘»"~- .1; Rouno PAPERCQNTAINERS . , are Just the thing for Butter and Cottage Cheese We make them in standard sizes. Guaranteed absolutely sanitary. Preserve food products,' 1 including jellies fer indefinite period and are not affected by refrigeration ' CHEAP ENOUGH TO DISCARD ‘ after. .once using—they. eliminate losses from breakage and disappearance and do away with annoyance of re- handling and cleaning. Call or write for quotations. NATIONAL CONT All-35R CORPORATION ' ' > ‘ ‘“ ¥%\1£%.:- “5' 13%; , -':..: amt-1.- :,?,':'.W,;~.1': “:is IOOé'acres of the entire township would produce. The live stock farms required only 91 acres to produce the same amount of crops. Here is a dif- The average number of live stQCk upon the best paying farms in thirteen rep- resentative counties in Indiana has been .found to be 25 per cent greater than the- average of the entire number of farms. is seen that the largest profits both in the past andin'the future, will be found in pursuing Some form’bf lii'fe stock .farming. ‘When the live stock farming system is adop-fed uponany farm. in the Corn Belt States, immediately Lthere should arise the question of”the' maxi- -mum profit from that system. All live stock men do not make money. Through wrong methods of management it is very easy to lose considerable money. The Silo Factor in Profitable Live Stock Farming. establishing a profitable live Stock sys- tem is the silo. Upon practically all live stock farms that possess animals suit- anle for the utilizationa of corn silage, the silo has a very important part to play. The farmers who have been de- pending upon the sale of milk products or beef and mutton and who have been operating upon a rather extensive scale have seen the economy of the silo and are provided with from one to a dozen “COrn canneries.” The average farmer in Indiana has not invested to any great extent in the silo. This average man is the one whose income is made from several sources. He sells annually 3 colt or two, ten to fifty hogs, a few calves, perhaps a dozen lambs, some wheat and a part of his corn crop. If he is lo- cated upon a cream or milk route, he will often be milking from three to five cows. If his farm has considerable pas— ture land and is remote from a milk or cream station, he will be selling the produce from a small herd of beef cows and from a small flock of ewes. Many of these men have never con— sidered purchasing a silo. A few now possess one. It is often felt that the farm is not large enough to support sufficient live stock to warrant the use of a silo. Often there is a timidity about venturing into the live stock business, because of lack of knowledge or be— cause some neighbor has gone broke when stocking—up heavily. Sometimes there is an aversion to doing much work in the winter, the person feeling that winter is his holiday. In some cases, the lack of enough silos in a com- munity to make silo filling a possibility is the limiting factor. After a careful consideration of their farms, the past profits and future pros— pects, many of these farmers will find that it will how their ultimate profit to purchase a silo this year and begin the use of silage. The silo will provide more feed for live stock than the majority of the 11011— owners will believe. When it is con- sidered that the average forty bushel corn crop will make eight tons of a palatable succulent feed, that is keenly relished by live stock, the economy of the silo can be understood. As an illustration of the increased live stock capacity it a farm when equipped with a silo, it has been found, using eight yeafs’ cattle feeding data from the Pur- due Expcrimcnt Station, that the acres needed to grow the feed needed to feed a two- -year— old steer for 150 days could , be decreased from 20 to 40 per cent by ' ‘- the use of silage 111 the ration. In feed- ing a car load of twenty steers; it 9re-“ ‘ quirefi approximately. 38%, acres to grow 9'th_.cv£eed needed for 150 days when corn, ‘oil méal, oat straw and stover was fedt. When corn and clover hay was fed, required 35 acres, and when corn, cof— i "fed-“only 24 acres‘twere used. . _ 1. ;:_.9,,., .- t;..,.‘x .. ,1.» 1:. 5,; ,". it, .;,, $3,139 < ,§,1.:,,§«:_1‘»f;.¢,,.. ~«- , tonscled meal clover hay and si .8199 was 9 required to grow as meat" the fertility From all angles that can be viewed, it One of the most important aids in, __“.would return a greater profit to. ~ ‘ feeder. The average profit pér bushel of corn fed to two- year-old steers,‘at.__ Purdue Experiment Station when sil- age was used in the ration was 38 cents.- 43%; _n‘ the silage was removed from the , leaving corn, cottonseed meal 1and Clover hay as the ration, the profit dropped off 22 cents per bushel. The“ average profit‘per steer in all of the {silage lots at the experiment station for" {the last eight years has been $15.24. TNhére the silage was removed, the profit has been but $8.85. The extra profit of _ $6.39 per steer can represent what a silo ~ will do in feeding one steer for 150 days. . Upon many farms, the farm cows are wintered upon a dry ration of com, com stover and hay. The owner expects' them to return milk for family use to pay for the feed. The addition of from twenty toforty poundsof silage with a protein concentrate to balance the ration will return much more milk and agreat— er profit. The farm bull with the dry cows and heifers can be more cheaply taken through the winter by the use of considerable amounts of corn silage added to oat straw or bay. The reader is referred to the leaflets upon “The Silo and the Beef Cattle Breeder” and “The Silo and the Cattle Feeder” for a more extended discussion of the silo and cattle. The small flock of ewes will relish the addition of silage to the ration. With corn silage and clover or alfalfa hay the flock can be carried through the winter at the minimum expense with good results upon the ewes and their subsequent offspring. The leaflet, “The Silo and the Sheepman,” will give the reader a comprehensive idea of the im— portant part silage plays in producing the maximum profits in sheep hus— bandry. The average farm possesses some brood sows. One of the troubles ex— perienced in securing the best results with sows is the tendency for hogs to become constipated in winter when forced to subsist upon dry concentrated feeds. The use of small amounts of silage will tend to prevent this trouble. It should be remembered that silage is very watery and bulky. Small pigs have small stomachs and cannot handle silage to best advantage. Matured hogs are best adapted for use of silage. These will pick over and cat considerable amounts of silage each day. Silage has been accused of killing many horses and mules. but in the last few years, when silage in horse feeding has become more common, more care is being expended in feeding the silage and not as many bad results have been re- ported. Many farmers use from ten to twenty pounds of silage daily for their horses and mules. Recently some men have been feeding mules with silage added to the ration with good success. Hard working horses cannot use the amounts that can be safely used with horses that are being boarded through the winter.* Care should always be taken that no moldy or rotten silagejs offered to the horses and mules. It only requires the daily removal of from 300 to 500 pounds of silage from the top of a ten foot silo to keep the silage in good condition. Many farms that do not now possess a silo main— tain more than enough live stock to consume this amount during the winter It is a very interesting fact that as a general rule the farms possessing a silo. in any community, return the largest net income. The'average farms pos- sessing silos in six representative couri— ties in Indiana returned an annual net income of $577.:00 The farms in the same communities that did riot have a silo returned only $259.00. -; .The silos assisted in returning two. times more annual net income. The moral is plain. BE A LIVE STOCK FARMER GET A S‘ILO. YOU CAN— ' NOT AEFQRD TO DO WITHOUT " .. Odin . A V Great ‘ Silo Achievement! A NEW TYPE OF SILO made by The McClure Company, manufactur- ers of Saginaw Silos. The Liberty Silo has been planned and designed by experts of many years’ experience. An important factor in its construction is the fact that materials not urgently demanded by the Government have been used. This new and important factor in food production will help win the world war for Liberty. THE LIBERTY SILO is more non-conducting to heat and cold than any other silo ever made of wood or any other material. It will make and keep silage under extremely low temperatures better than any silo known. IT IS BUILT 01* REI)WOOD——nat1.’1re s best silo 11111t11ial. Standaid constr-u1tio111s used through- out and this silo 1s nailed 11p solid as in the stand 1rd form of house 1onst111c,tion IT IS SO RIGID that no cables are necessary. It is solidly rooted to the foundation. NO SILO WAS EVER CONSTRUCTED MORE PLEASING IN APPEARANCE. It has perfectly smooth, even walls, both inside and outside. Ionsidering the quality of this silo, the price is so low that it will astonish you. These silos are being erected in {many parts of the state and are now recognized as a re— markable step forward in silo construction. THE LIBERTY SILO MAKES TH E MeCLURE COMPANY EUILDERS ()14‘ THE IVIOS’I‘ COM— ’ ' PLETE LINE OF SILOS MANUFACTURED IN THE UNITED STATES TODA Y1~A SILO TO ‘ MEET EVERY NEED AND CONDITION. THE REPUTATION OI“ TIIE McCLURE COMPANY has been built around the success of the Sag- inaw Steel Built and Saginaw Leader SILOS—types of silo construction proved by years of service. REMEMBER, THE LIBERTY SILO is a product of The McClure Company, old, suceessl'ul inanufac~ turers. They know silo construction and the Liberty Silo is constructed along sound engineering princi- ples. Material prices are continually advancing * \Vritc us today for silo information. Ask for circular N0. 186, or wire or phone at our expense. 3; E McCLURE COMPANY; SAGINAW MICHIGAN SHELL YOUR CORN PUMP YOUR WA1’ER EL_E__V__ATE YOUR R Ward Work- a - Ford Gives you a 12 h. p. engine for less than the eostof a 2 h. p. Ford burlds the best engine in the world- it will outlast the car — and you might as well save your money and use it. to do all your farm w in wear on (In. or transmlssion. Hooks up in 3 minutes. No permanent attachment to car. Cannot injure car or engine. Friction Clutch Pulley on end of shaft. Ward Gover- nor, run by fl. l belt gives perfect control. Money back If not satisfied. Ask for circular and special price. Null TRACTOR 60.. 2066" 8L, lincoln, lob. Don’t Wear a Truss ROOKS' A Pl’ Ll ANL‘I‘: the modern ~c11n|iilt invention the wonder- ful new (lisco‘Iery that relieves rupture will be sent on trial. No obnoxious springs or pads. Has auto- matic Air Cushions. Binds and draws the broken parts togeth~ (5!“ as yon would u hI'okI-II limb. No solves. No lies. llurnhlo, cheap. Sent on trial to prove it. Protected by U. H. patents. Catalog and measure blanksmuiled tree. Sand mum and ad dress today. C. E. BROOKS, 463- BStnte 5L, Marshall, Mich. A Ego-RBI N E . mo: IIAIIII REG u s m on. Reduces Bursal Lnlargements. Thickened. Swollen Tissues, Curbs, Filled Tendons, Sore- ness from Bruises or Strains; stops Spavin Lamcness, allays pain. Does not blister, remove the hair or lay up the horse. $2 50 a bottle at druggists or delivered. Book 1 R free. ABSORBINE, JR., for mankind—an sntiscptic Iinimcnt for bruises, cuts, wounds, strains, painful, swollen veins or glands. It heals and soothes. $1. 25 a bottle at drug- gists or postpaid. Will tell you more if you write. Made In the U. S. A. W. F. YOUNGJ’. D.F..l$3 lonllsSt. Sorblninield. Mass. ==CASH PAID:- for old watches, jewelry, Diamonds, old false teeth, etc. Send us what you have and receive check by return mail. If offer is not satisfactory we will return goods at our expense. MOSS & CO. 31 2 SMITH BUILDING (‘orncI Male and (.rixwold DUI-ch HARVESTER TSII'III‘Q‘ilifEI."filL'f. IInIl Kuflir t‘oI'II. (‘uts and throws 111 DETROIT - MICHIGAN piles on harvester. Man and lmrsc cuts C U R and shocks equal to a (‘orn [tin II'I. Sold in every stutc. I’riceonly $25 with fodder hindcr. the only self gathering corn harvester on the InnrkI-tthnt Is givmg universal satisfaction. _,. Dexter l.. Woodward. Sandy tfrcek. N. Y. writes: ”15 years ago I purchased your (‘III‘II Harvester. “'ould not. like 4 times the price of the IIIIIchIIII- if I could not get another one,” (Hurt-Inc l". Huggins. Hpeermnrc, Okla. “Works 5 times bettcr than] expected. Saved $40 lll labor this fall.” Roy Apple. l’urmv I'm-vile. ()hio: "l havc used a. corn shocker. corn hiIIIiI-I‘ and 2 rowcd machines, but your machine heats them II J and lakes less twine of Any machine I have evcr used " John I“. Hung. Maylield, Oklahoma. " Your IIIII‘ycslv-I unw' good satisfaction whilI using filling l)llr\ll0 " K. F. )lueg it; (ltis (olo. Just rII'-eivul II lellI r from my father In ing in rec I- iveIl the coin binder (Ind 111 is 1 1 I Iingul‘. I and cane now Says it works line and that I I an scll lots o1 them next year." Write for free catalog surf“. in: picture othnrvestei‘nt work11ndtestimonials, PROCESS MFG. CO . alina, Kansas. Co-operative Buying rigii‘,"”1.i.iiii.‘ De iveiel (‘zirlor ()dvrllllolls saves Money" Furnished. GRAIN GROWERS GRAIN C0. Minneapolis, Minn PAINT \VIIOLIGSAIJG PRIC . uni; antecd live ycars. Eighteen I'olors. Freight allowcd. ACME IIIIMBICH (TQM- J’ANY, :loot’, VVImIlwaI'IL l’aint Dept, Detroit. Michigan. FOR SALE 24!) acre dairy farm fully equipped with milk route, fifty gallons daily, for particulars wrilc owner, II. M. Navc. ll, 2, luikcvicw. Mich. LAND SUITABLE FOR stock farms for sale in (lgtmaw (‘0 on (my terms. VIIy pI'oIluItiyc. arid vcll l()(dlt‘1l Harry (I Shrldon. Alger Mich JEARMS FOR SALE——ln Are: ac corm— jy. (ho. l.. Smith. Swirling. MI ii-ran ' WANTED: BOY, to w l'l( on arm at out: . norla Eager, "Howell,1\ti. .1 fl/VD JtWIIVE D WHY’EGG DEALERS SHOULD CANDLE EGGS Buying.r eggs during the summer is a gamble. Bad eggs are sure to find their way into the egg basket and as long as they continue to find sale the farmer will continue to bring them in. In some cases there is deliberate intention to slip them past the groceryman. In others, it is because of carelessness and ignor— ance. Such buying is unfair to the con- scientious farmer who is honest and careful. It is necessary for the price of eggs to be less in order to make al- lowances for the bad eggs for which the dealer has no sale. Buying on a “loss off" basis and paying for only those which are good permits higher prices at the point of production. It is thus seen that candling‘ eggs by the dcaler works in a just manner for the producer. But there is another reason. ligg dcalers statc that as soon as they commence candling, the number of bad cgg s dcc1casc.ln other words the farm- ("1 takes better care of his eggs as soon as he finds no sale for the bad egg. This probably is the most important rea— son why the dealer should candlc. Other reasons are that he is unable to ship bad cgg's in interstate business without violating.r thc purc food and drugr act. From an C(‘(lllOllllC standpoint. it is usc— lcss cxpcnsc to buy cg}; cascs, utilixc shipping.r space and pay transportation charges on worthlcss products. 'l‘hc sooner all dcalcrs rcalizc that thc only safc practicc is to caudlc ('ggs‘ as thcy arc bought. the sooucr will thcrc bc a marked improvcmcut in thc quality of cups brought in by the farmcr. In this day of careful food conservation. egg (lcalcrs should co—opcrate in a campaign to rcducc thcsc losscs. it is patriotic. THE VALUE OF SKIMMILK FOR FEEDING PURPOSES What, is the value of skimmilk for calves and pigs, as Iompared with oth- er feeds at. present prices? Will it pay me to sell butterfat and feed the milk, or will it he better to sell the whole milk at retail at 10 cents a-quartiahe work of bottling, etc. to be considered? Nubxcribcl‘. For growing pigs between 50 and 200 pounds in weight we I'I nsider skimmilk as worth about, 3'10 cents per cwt. under present conditions. This is assuming that corn is around $1.50 to $1.75 per bushel. 11nd tankagc $100. a ton. For newly-weaned pigs or suckling sows. we believe it has :1 value greater than this. For calves. during the first six weeks of their existence. skimmilk is almost essential. and we would give it a value at that time of close to 21 (lol— lar per cwt. For calves between the ages of two and four months. we would give a value. undcr I'I‘cscnt conditions. of around 60 or 70 cents per cwt. This is a rough cstimate. and we do not know of any exact ex- periments. Generally speaking. it does not pay the average farmer to retail milk. Re. tailing.r milk is a business in itself, which is almost as complex as farm- ing. It is complicated with questions of bottle losses. bad debts. surplus milk. shortage of milk. sour milk, and a number of other things. Ordinarily, it costs just about as much to get milk to the consumer as it does to produce it. When milk sells retail at 10 cents a quart. the chances are that, it costs just about 5 cents per quart, to produce it and -5 cents to distribute it. But, in spite of all the troubles of milk «lis— tributiou, there is an occasional farm- er so situated as to make his greatest profits by selling milk at retail rather than selling the butterfat to a cream- ery. A1 the present time, milk is sell- ing: a little closer to its real value than is butterfat. and in many locali- Jim 21111 selling of whole milk is much more attractive than the selling of buttergat LEGUME BACTERIA NOT NUMEROUS IN MANURE From a review of some of the pop- ular articles on inoculation, the farm— er would undoubtedly be led to believe that the legume bacteria are found in in manure from alfalfa in much the same way as 'they occur in certain soils. The following quotations are typical. ’ ‘ “Alfalfa has been grown so long, the soil is so thoroughly inoculated with the bacteria from the manure made from alfalfa hay fed to horses, cattle and hogs . Excellent stands have been secured where alfal- fa hay has been fed in large quanti- ties to stock and the manure spread on the ground.” These statements sug- gest the possibility that legume bac- teria occur on the plant tissue. are taken into the digestive tract of the animal. and later may be found in the feces. Through curiosity the writer has made a study of the behavior of al- falfa bacteria in the digestive tract of the cow. In connection with certain feeding experiments at the Wisconsin Station opportunity was afforded to carry on this work. Water suspen- sions of alfalfa bacteria containing billions of the micro-organisms were poured on the roughage and this fed to the cows. All manure supplies were caught in pails free of the alfalfa bac- tIria. Prior to the feeding 01’ the cul— tures of bacteria the manure In" them cows was tested for the presence of alfalfa bacteria. In every case these control samples failed to show the presence of the alfalfa organism. For one week before and during the ex- periment the cows were fed on alfal— fa hay and corn stoyei‘ moisrened with the culture of legume bacteria. Ten gram composite samples were tak- en from the excrement of each day and from this a water suspension preparer]. The manure water mixture was used to inoculate triplicate plots of alfalfa seedlings in sterilized soil. Eight weeks after inoculation, these alfalfa plants were- removed carefully and the roots examined for nodules. In every case except one, no doubt a con- tamination. the plants treated in this way failed to show nodules. while the checks inoculated with some of the culture before it passed thru the (:ow showed numerous nodules. In addi— tion to the pot tests. mannito agar plates were poured repeatedly from this manure suspension. but in no case could the identity of the alfalfa organ— ism be proven. ln view of the reaction of certain portions of the digestive tract and of the fermentation processes taking place. it is not surprising that, the al- falfaoi'ganism is killed in passage through the animal. At least the re— sults-of previous study would indicate Horses at. work on farm of E. H’. ()lilenis, Thompsonville. ‘Oblenis needs a tractor. IDYI Gk BEEF Ppoaucr/ON BREED/N6 PROBLEMS that perhaps the acid reaction in the stomach accouts.for the absence of nodules when alfalfa manure is used to inoculate soil. These results do not indicate that manure as made on the fafrm is free of legume bacteria. In fact the feed— .ing of legumes from a well inoculated field will most probably cause a slight distribution of' the nodule organism. Small particles of soil and bacteria may be carried with the hay and thus become mixed with the manure with- tract. No doubt these soil particles found on the hay serve‘ to distribute the legume bacteria. However, it is unlikely that the alfalfa bacteria and .. other legume bacteria actually pass through the digestive tract of cows and are present in the manure in not- ive form.—E..B. Fred. Wisconsin Col- lege of Agriculture. PLENTY OF SHADE FOR LATE HATCHED CHICKS One reason why late hatched chicks fail to thrive is because of failure to kcep them well supplied with shade. Chicks that are compelled to remain in a close hot coop in the boat of summer bccausc of no other protection are not getting the best possiblc conditions. The air under shade tI‘ccs is fresher and cooler; there is lcss danger from mitcs and they are closer to grccn food and insect lifc. Now is tlic iimc to prepare for the protcction of thc chicks during.r the hot days which arc to follow. If summer shadc is not providcd by trccs and bushes. thc ncxt best thing to do is to .plant patches of sunliowcrs or corn. It is of course necessary to keep the chicks away from it until it gets a fair start. After the plants have grown to a sufficient height chickens can l‘llll in them with practically no injury to the crop. In fact thcrc is no objection to growing.r a crop of chickens and corn on the same piccc of ground. This can be easily donc by crccting temporary fences and confiningr thc chicks to a portion of the yard or it may mean thc removal of the chickens to Iicw yards moi'c suitable for summer growth. ()11 thc farm this latter mcthod can usually be employed. Many deaths can be avoided latc by foresight in providing com fort~ ablc quarters. Not only will the chicks make better growth but the hens will lay more eggs. The Michigan llii iIII s Farming is cer— tainly a paper (‘\'('l'_\’ oIIc ought to have. A—llottlcib llubII‘ \V'wlitI-Imw county. Like your papI-r liIII-'ll1111k it the bcst papa'r for thc lllliltl l cyci‘ read.— Alyzi Hutchinson. losIo county. The Michigan {ii inI-ss Farming is the host papci' in MiI his 111 for the farm- cI‘ that I know of. Long: may it livc and pr'ospci‘ in it: lillitil'\ for the [curring-3‘-..“ .\. Ii. HI-njamin. Mason county. Enclosed find if" for my Hibscription. Yours is the best pain-r We cycr had and we feel fortunatc for thc opp'II'tunity of being olic to pledge our subscription last ycar whcii you got started with your pIIpI-I'. 'l'rusting’ M Ii, I“. will I‘cach all farm homcs in Michigan and I-\ 1\ \l.I II' I I‘I-m:ri11.~—.lohn M. Hedongc, Htt: run ( o. Looks like Subscriber U - ‘4" : n‘oils'rin's Jan mans; nonbri‘miv nun. . Astricfly hi b (319.33 29 Ind-19’1“??? Bu 1, Daisycres King; Princess, 2.48! it. born January 27, 1,917. is offered or sale. Sire. King Zerma Alcartra P011“ tiac; grandsire, King Segis Pontiac A - cartra, the 350000 bull. Dam. Pr"? cess Pafiline'Rufine 2nd. This year: ing promises to be one of the finest . qualityi bulls in'the state. If you are interested, will you please wr te for descriptiori 'and ' photograph? Also other and younger bulls. _ Bred cows and heifers, and cabes * from a herd of 50 high class Holsteins. We will send you photos and descr D' tions which will present theSe animals accurately. If you want HUISU’WS- will you please write us?_ Duroc Jerseys and Hamvfll'ire" We offer a number of fin» young spring boars and sow pigS. b‘lth Duroc Jerseys and Hampshires, from partic: ularly well bred stock. Write t'i us for description and prices. Each animal is guaranteed. BLOODIINGIM‘LE FARMS Bloomingdale, Michigan #— 4 ‘Top- Notch’ HOLSTEINS The young bulls we have for sale are backed up by many generations of large producers. Buy one of these bulls, and give your herd a “DUSh- Full descriptions, prices, etc. on re— quest. McPherson Farms Co. Howell, Mich. E. L. SALISBURY SHEPHERD. MICH. Breeder of. purebred ‘ Holstein-Friesian Cattle Young bulls for sale from A. 1‘. O. Cows with wreditablerecords. sired by a son of Bull calve Friend Ilengerveld 1) K01 Butter Boy and by a son of King Segis De K01 Korndyke, from A. R. O. dams With rec: 0rds of 18.25 as Jr. two year old to 28_.25 at full age. Prices reasonable breeding considered. , \VALNU'I‘ GROVE STOCK FARM‘ W. W. Wyckoff, Napoleon, Mich. months old, grandson of Hengerveld De Kol. sired by Johan llengerveld Lad who has 61 A. R.; 0. daughters. Dam is an 18 lb. 3 yr. old granddaughter of King .Segis who has a sister that re— cently made 33 lbs. butter in 7 days; as a. 4 yr. old. This calf is ‘1ight in color, well grown and a splendid individual. Price $100. Write for photo and pedigree. L. C. Ketzler, Flint, ll'Iichigan. REGISTERED HOLS’I‘EIN BULL 6 We want these Registered I-Iolstein Bulls to head Grade Herd; Korndyke Clotliilde of Serridale, Born June 24, 1917. Price $100 Korndyke ()rmsby of Serridella Born Sept. 19,. 1917. Price $85 Prices f. o. b. ()scoda. Mich. . SERRII)ELLA FARMS Oscoda, — - - Michigan MUSOLFF BROS.’ HOLSTEINS \Ve are. now mkiug orders for young bulls from King l’ivier Segis Lyons 170506. All from A. It. 0. dams with credible records. V\'w tcst annu— ally for tuberculosis. V’Vrilc for pric— es and further information. .‘Iusolfi' Bros” South Lyons, Michigan, nicKoRY GROVE S’l‘Ot‘li FARM (lifers for immediate sale 12 daughters of King Ilengerveld Palmyra l~‘ayne bred to Mutual Pontiac Lad. All of the cop's in this herd are strong in the blood of Maple- crest and Pontiac Aggie Korndyke We can always furnish carloads of pure bred and grade cows, D. ()wen ’I‘aft, {onto 1, Oak Grove. Mich. WOLVERINE STOCK FARM ’ireeders' of Holstein—Friesian Cattle. Battle Creek, Michigan. Senior Herd Sire, Judge' Walker ’Pietcrje whose first five dams are 30 lb. cows. Young bulls for sale, from-daughters 01' King Korndyke Hengerveld Oronsby. U CHOICE REGISTERED siocx PERCHERONS, HOLSTEINS, SHROPSHIRES, ANGUS. DUROCS. DORR li—BUELL, ELMlRA, M1CH. R. F. I). No. I , , RATES:-—-Up to 14 lines or one inch and for loss than l3 in.-2rtions under this heading, fifteen cents per line; Title displayed to best; advantage. Send in copy and we will quote rates. For. larger ads or" for ads to run )3 issues or more we .will make special rate» which will cheerfully be sent: on application to the Advertising "PM,- no Fort-St" “'est, Detroit. Holstein Heifers The cows and bulls advertised have been sold. I have 6 or 8 registered Holstein heifers from heavy produc- mg dams, 3 mos. to 2 years old at $125 apiece. ROBIN ' CARR F0 WLERVILLE, DIICHIGAN HOLSTEIN BULL CALVES Sires dams average 37.76 lbs. but- ter 7 das. 145.93 lbs. 30 das. testing' 5«53% fat. Dams good A. R. backing, Calves nice straight fellows 1% white, Price $65.00 each while they last. Herd tuberculin tested annually. Boardman Farms, Jackson, Michigan. Holstein-FriesIan Cattle Under the present labor conditions I feel the necessity of reducing my herd. Would sell a few bred females or a few to freshen this spring. These cows are all with calt’ to a 30-pound bull. J. Fred Smith, Byron, Michigan S ymaim STOCK FARM offers 1 _ young bull (old though for light service in a short time). llam's recordas a senior 3 year old 22.48 butter 5.38 milk. Sired by a ‘grandson of Pon- tiac. -torndyke. Price $100. F. 0. B. Fowl- erville. Also a pair of large rangy grade Percheron geldings, 4 and 5 ycars old. Phone 58F15. Arwin Killinger. Fowlerville. Mich. 1)e K01 HortO'y whose dam is a 30-11). YEARLING DAUGHTER of Maplecrest ‘ cow, 30 days, 120 lbs., a son of Friend Hengervald De. K01 Butter Boy, four‘ daugliers with year records over 1,000 lbs. Dam—Young Hazel De 1(01, 7 day ‘ record 494.8 lbs. milk, 19.67 lbs. butter. IIt'liOl‘ well marked, good individual. price £13011). Howbert Stock Farm, Eau Claire, . ici AST BULL advertised sold. Here is an— other Reg. Holstein bull .0 months old. M. A. (?. bred sire. Dam 18.76 lbs. of but- ter, 406 lbs. of milk. A. R. 0. at 3 yrs. old. She has a 30 1b. sister. Price $83. 1‘. 1.. llulctt & Son, ()kenios, Mich. 0R SALE—Registered Holstein Show Bull, service age; Pontiac Korndyke‘ breeding. Price right. John A. Rinke, Warren. Michigan. . One Car-load Registered Holsteins Yearlings sired by 30 pound bull and from heavy-producing cows. Also some choice lluroc open gills. .l. Hubert Brown, Byron, Michigan 1 8H0. .l!t)RN on SALE, pure bred Shortliorns and O. I. C. pigs. Five young bulls,‘ ‘, to 9 months. $125 to $1530 eaca. Ra) Warner, R. No. 3, Almont, Michigan. HAT no you WANT? 1 represent ‘11 BHOBTIIORN l reetiers. ({m pm YOU ”1 touch with best milk or beef strains. Bulls all ages. Some females. C. ‘0’. Crum. Secretary Central Michigan Shorthorn Association, McBrides, Michifitlll- GU ERN SEY FOR SALE Two Registered Guernsey Bulls. 7 months old. R. B. JACKSON "RUDGATE FARM" BIRMINGHAM. - MICHIGAN .. LARGE Tram. .‘ -':r W Spring pigs pairs and trios. Gilts bred for fall farrow. at prices that will 91015“ CLOVER LEAF STOCK FARM: .. .Mon‘roe, Mich. . ji.c.1 « DUROC EAt‘ll HILL I'ARBI. Herd tciel Du- roc Jersey bred gilts. sprang pigs and serwce boars. IN “'OOD BROS , Romeo, Michigan. ‘1. FOR SALE 1 "“0" “Freya, both sex. >Marz-" 6 and , .arrOw. long. big bone, large litters. Pi‘.c3 right. Close out males cheap. All pure..rcd, tine individuals. Am in market for registered Holstein bull. 6 to 12 months old. B. E.‘ ' KieS, Hillsdale, Mich. 50 "UR‘H' SOH'S AND (ill/I'H for fall litters bred to ()rions Fancy K1113 83857. the bigg st pg of his age .‘JH‘I‘ shown at the international. 1 mile northeast of town Visitors- “:"lb‘l’mt‘ 7 day: in week. Newton iarnhnrt. St. .lnlint, Michigan Rt‘l-riStcreil Illiroc Jersey Swine. Forsa‘le Yearling and spring boars of quality. also bred sow. Aug. and Sellt. far- "0W' Shring g.lt:. Write Ior peligree “Nd. [Wives Satisfaction guaranteed. L. .1. lrnderhill Ra‘em. Mich. POLA .\' I) (‘HINA I“ 'I‘YI'I‘I I’. F. FALL SOIYH' bred for JU'Y and August farrow. \Veigh 250 lbs. Spring pigs. ('all or write E. R Leonard. St Louis. Michigan. "A .\I I’SIIIRE GUERNSEYS He‘i‘éé‘i. "2.3.3“ 3‘“?on- sale, also a number of well. bred young bulls—write for breeding. Village 1‘ arms. Grass Lake, lVIichigan. H E R. E F0 RI) “(EISTI‘IIII‘IIl II;\.\‘I[’SIIIRI‘I PICKS DOW ready. .\ bargain in boar pigs. JOh" W. Snyder. R \'o 1. St, Johns, Mich. SHEEP SII ROI'SII IR I'IS 81m“ calves Prince Herefords Donald and Farmer Breeding. ALLEN BROS., Paw Paw,‘Mich. II ROI’NIIIIEI‘IS. --- Sonic line ycarhn' ll‘ims and Ra ll Lambs. one 3i .\'1‘. "if Farmers" price. lian Roolier. Rf 510.44- 1Cvart. Michigan. IIA R\VO0I) H E R E F0 RIIS . ‘ Yearling bulls and a few licifcrs from choicc bred cows _ . Jay Harwood. 1:. .\'o. 3, lonia, Mich. OR AUGUST DELIVERY 50 Register- ed Shrop