 

submit smear/‘5': dreoked pens and Se-
‘ ‘" arestqnaixiiﬁunaoh‘s by. Men :‘ Having,
L "Inside'In‘foi-mation of G‘ov— .
' ' eminent Plans

) "

g . _ ‘A hearing is in, progress this week “before

Federal J udge, Glasgowj’at Washington, D.
0., in which every ,.:1lﬁchigan bean' grower,
every dealerin beans,;,everypbanker and every
merchant in the bean‘wgrowing sections of the
state erg Vitallymterestéd v '

, This hearingih féﬁpec‘ted to .disélose many
things “that haveg‘ji‘riystiﬁed ,the‘ bean people
for a year and a h‘ellffand'kept the bean mar-
{ket in a more porﬂless uncertain and chaotic

‘ﬁand for the product. ,
It is gexpected to, prove that a certain indi-
vidual, “having Vast executive ,power and al-
mést "unlimited funds, fat" his command, delib-
erately set about;tb‘iusefednﬁdential informa-
’ ,pgnolnpjtpgivenvtohing. ,as',,’a4.med. agent of the
United States ;‘ Food Administration, to fur-
ther histoyynppersqnalﬂends ,with a total dis-
regard pfthe Welfare ofthebean grewers and
dealers asa-Whole.~ ~ ~ '
' It’is expected to substantiate the opinions
stated and-the accusations made in Michigan
Business Farming ,with regard to the pecul-

ing large; control over the bean situation.

.It is expected to reveal in startling detail
each and every reason for the present stag-
nation of the bean market, to prove that the
I statements of K. P. Kimballiast‘o the alleged,
4surplus i of. _ beans are “‘puprselyI misleading
‘ and, untrue; thatf”;a3;foreign Cmarket awaits

every bushel Of American"! beans, but that for

certain mercenary seasons, .' export» licenses
have been denied by thosehavingauthority to
' issue ”them. w: f . —‘ ,'

For several months-megahers of the Mich-
igan BeanyJobbeIsi‘ABS’nhave been quietly
gathering iev‘id‘énce against” the men whom

 
state despite the unprecedented world de-

iar actions of the bean market-and those ‘hav;

‘ ket.

they ’havev‘suspectedoffbeing responsible for _

. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 8th, 1919' 15

_ Ethe shaky‘ condition of the bean market. In
fthis werkgvthey were encouraged by the de-

termined stand taken by Michigan Business
Farming that the situation should be thor-
oughly investigated, and that it was a data
devolving largely upon them to take the lea

1n the matter. They were made to see than un-
less the jobbers and elevators assisted in the
marketing of the 1918 crop of beans, with
proﬁt to the farmer, another year would cer-

 
W

What Lewis Penwell, Wool Chief,‘Wrote
Milo Campbell

“Not only country dealers but dealers in
distributing centers have paid too low a
price for the ﬂeece wools, and there will be
a very large amount oi! money, which the
Government will take from them, and as
far as possible distribute back to the grow-
ers Just what this amount will be is dif-
ﬁcult to estimate.

“My own impression now is that several
- million dollars will be taken in this way
u from~the dealers and distributed back to the
growers.

. “I have known, as every other wool grow-
er has known, vaguely, for many years,
that the grower was not getting the full
price which he should get for his wool, and
that the dealer was making too large a
proﬁt, but I never knew that the proﬁt of
the dealer was as large as it is. What I
have learned since handling the affairs of
this ofﬁce, has convinced me that the whole
.system of marketing the wool is wrong, and
has always been wrong and that too much

proﬁt goes to the middleman.” ,

tainly ﬁnd the farmers turning te another
crop. The demands made by this publi_Cati011
that the appointment of Mr. Kimball be with-

 
held and an investigation made, opened the
way for the hearing that is now in progress.

Want to know what’s the real matter with
beans? ‘ Here is the diagnosis in a nutshell:
There is a large domestic crop. . That fact, the
bean bears,—and we shall shortly know their
identity,—have been using to break the mar-
But on the other hand, there’s an en—
ormous foreign demand. To open up the ex-
port gates ‘and start a steady supply of beans

to foreign ports seems like a comparatively
simple matter. But not when the watchman

who'attends the gates refuses to raise them.
Beans have not been going, (Cont. on page 2)

Free List or Clubbing
' . 51 PER YEAR—No Prone,

.‘. 5- . i

MllilONS YET DUE '
WOOL crowns

Chief of Wool Division of War Industries
Board Claims That Huge Sum Will be
Distributed to Growers Under
Wool Agreement

Farmers are chaﬁng over the delay of the
War Industries Board to carry out the
pledges of the wool agreement to scrutinize
the proﬁts of dealers and distribute among
the growers all the proﬁts taken by dealers in
excess ofthose alloWed them, by the govern-
ment. Every effort has been made by this
publication, in response to appeals from its
readers, to ascertain the approximate amount
yet due the growers, and the probable date
and manner in which it would be paid. Every
letter addressed to the War Industries Board
has been met with a polite rejoinder to the
effect that the ﬁnal checking up was taking ‘
place and the information requested would
be available within a few days.

A long letter from our friend, Milo Camp-
bell, president of the National Federation of
Milk Producers, and member of Agricultural
Advisory Committee, sheds a great light upon
the wool situation, and. no doubt explains the
deep, underlying reason for the apparent se-
crecy surrounding the failure to carry out ,
the agreement. ’

Mr. Campbell‘claims that he has absolute
knowledge of Wicked and deliberate juggling
of hundreds of millions of dollars by those
having the matter in charge. At the personal. "
request of Bernard Baruch, chairman of the
War Industries Board, Mr. Campbell laid
his'information before the Board’s attorney
but was advised that nothing could or would
be done unless it could be shown that the Bos-
ton dealers had violated the rules.

“The man in charge of the ofﬁce of, the
wool division of the War Industries Board,”
writes Mr. Campbell, “has been a man from
the biggest of the Boston “7001 Dealers, who
ﬁxed the rules. (Continued on page 2)

Spreading Dime on a West Michigan Farm. The use of lime in

thief state has grown b

leaps and bounds, one ﬁrm atone report- .

iﬁimz- the sale 0! 80.090. one deﬁnalms on More aceppo over 100

per 'cmi We? sale.

three years. ago. ‘ Tim um m8 ‘

md to

1 ‘dwerent‘ wanting a. _

 
0:378! _ .

" tiny to rum Zimmer Dairy sue;

’ ”noes and Distribute Milk in '4
City of Detroit

, What looks like the ﬁrst successful attempt of
'mchigan dairymen to .market their own product
in the purchm of the Zimmer Dairy business of
Detroit by a stock company composed of Bay
County farmers, who propose to carry on a milk
distributing business in the city of Detroit",

The promoters of the farmers’ company is Mr..

Jacob Bierlein, a former Bay county banker: Mr.

.Otto Born and Mr. Leonard Eichorn, farmers iii

his in the vicinity of Salzburg, Bay county,
where most of the stock is being subscribed.

Referring to the venture, Boy (my Tribune says:

“It was announced enough stock had been sub-
scribed to incorporate the new company and that
this would be done within the next day or two.
Otto Born and Leonard Eichhorn have returned
from Richville where they say ‘the farmers are
enthusiastic over the prospects and have subscrib-
ed quite a ‘chunk’ of the stock, as havean the
‘dairymen around Otter Lake and Millington. The
company is now running under the supervision of
the local organization and is doing a cash business
of seven hundred and ﬁfty dollars a' day. This
fact is one of the assets of the ﬁrm: milk pub
chased here today is turned over into ready cash
by tomorrow evening.

“The farmers here receive $3.88 per hundred

pounds of milk, testing 3.8%, this price being the
prevailing rate in Detroit."

The Zimmer Dairy Company was organized
about a year and a half ago, and has been carrying
on a “cash and/carry" milk business in an um
successful effort to break the monopoly of the
larger dealers whose prices and practices are
largely determined by the Milk Commission, and
who handle the product of the members of the
Michigan Milk Producers' Ass'n exclusively. Al-
tho it was able to sell milk at two to three cents
a quart cheaper than the big dealers, it did not
make much of a dent in the business. It is not
known at this time what plan of operation will be
carried out by the new company. One thing is
certain, that the venture will be watched with
the greatest of interest by every dairyman in the
state of Michigan, and if successful in eliminating
the middleman, reducing the cost of milk to the
consumer, and paying the farmer a
price, well,—th'ere’s only one conclusion.

MICHIGAN BEAN MEN PREFER
CHARGES AT WASH. HEARING

(Continued from page 1)

to Europe for the simple reason. that the Food
Administration Grain Corporation of New York
City has REFUSED TO ISSUE EXPORT LICENS-
ES. Read what a member of the Michigan dele-
gation to the Washington hearing has to say:

"I ﬁnd one large exporter wants to load three
cargoes of beans for France and Scandinavia, but
cannot get license to export same. Can you
conceive a worse situation? One of the “bean"
makes a speech at the Canners’ convention, Chica~
go, claiming from the knowledge he secured while
in Washington that there was a great surplus of
beans, that no demand from abroad, that beans
must be cheaper. At the same time he was selling
short, bearing market; and the combined innu-
enee of his activities and his alleged associates
assisted by the position taken by the Food Admin-
istration broke the bean market. He then having
eliminated all competitors, starts to purchase
beans, and he is the only man that I know of
that is buying from the grower or small elevator.”

Althe the" hearing at Washington has not pro
’md very faraswegotepress, we haven
dearer view of the bean situation today than we
have had for nearly 18 months. The important
onttandins facts now seem to be that the eﬂorts
that. have been made to break the bean mar
ket have been nipped ; that export licenses will
soon be issued: that domestic buyers will again
«an in active trading: and that the bean mar-
ket will rapidly recover from its recent losses,
reset and possibly pass its former high mark e!

”per cwt., or 88 to the farmer. These are reas-
‘ mm and should renew them

" f‘ inthe,_tutureofths'mhst._

‘ Owner is . _, ..
' “Wt-1 “I own presented than. lain Bl .
‘ “mm ,to show» that the puking concern of '
Armour a Go, had not made as lar‘geﬁprofits'

., tr Organize stockCom

 
proﬁtable

 
' til!!! :1 . .
Q0 at ell. "s. House not. ta.

during the war period as ether'corporations.
It will be noted in all instances that the
per—cent on total investment is much less

than per cent on capital sack. This is. of ‘

course, entirely misleading. “Investments",
may represent anything of value, either
tangible or intangible, which the stockhold-
ers may decide for purposes of policy to
include in their statement. In order to
‘make it appear that the net income is actu-
ally only a small percentage (in total in-
vestment, the value of property is frequent-
ly changed on the books of the various

companies at the whims‘of the directors or '
stockholders. If you Want to really appre- .

ciate the enormous proﬁts earned by many
Anierican corporations during the ﬁrst three
years of the European war, just forget
“per cent on total investment” and focus
your mind on “net earnings” and “per
cent on capital stock."

Note that in 1917, AFTER WAR TAXES ’

WERE deducted, the U. 8. Steel Corporation
earned $224,219,565; Bethlehem Steel, $27,-
320,787; Anaconda Copper, $34,333,751:
Standard Oil, $26,808,931. Bear in mind
that these are only a FEW of the corpora-
tions that earned over $10,000,000 during
the first year that the United States was at
war, and you will have some idea of where
a large part of the money, paid by the com-
mon people for taxes and Liberty bonds
went to.

When the last huge tax bill was before
Congress, the farmers’ organization pro-
tested against the comparatively lenient tax
against the corporations that had made
enormous fortunes during the war, but can-
gress heeded not their pleas. The bill was
rushed through, and the feeble efforts of
such men as Sen. LaFollette, who consist-
ently stood for higher taxes against those
who were making money out of the war,
availed nothing. Granting the advisability
of'encouraging Big Business to keep the
wheels of industry going during the recon-
struction period, it looks to the man on the
fence as if “somebody blundered" when the
last tax bill was drawn up.

ARMOUR AND COMPANY
Per cent on

' rm Eamings 7 333.3 see-i lave-nun
28.50 5.
s5 ,3...
55 .
$.10 it
*3

flﬁi

anacoxna corrsn ammo courm

cent on
1‘ Investment

“.2
9.0
7.6

i3.‘

sold?

00

BETHLEHEM STEEL COMPANY

\ " ° ' €533.-
sgom 3.1.5: A.“ roof 1°33
5.

m, :29» " to
roam jig! 12';
i .
use ~ 3%-
AMERICAN DEE? SUGAR COMPANY
some “macs...
. 1350 i0.4

8
ﬁg.
8.7

i 8.0
24.09

maBUROH COAL COMPANY
I can
No! Earnlnjs aura" 23's famine-gale”
2,025,683 2.09 2.75
9,726,269 ‘2’ 3.67
1,371,059 -. 1.8i
2.18

t.“

8,i ‘
we . in 41
ouam oars corn)"

.Ieelunh 8.7.35.3

anon» on. com or beam

687, ‘ w

..... «a “i

o. a sun. concussion

new N's-3 at!“

 
. indeﬁnite time. -

 
"7F.

Winona Beer Amendment
ja- 'Zl'eolish Expense

"Why go to the expense of voting on the-light ,
wine and bmmendment new that the MW 1 E '
prohibition amendment has been adopted?" is "a 1
question that hasbeen‘ raised'in the minds of- ‘
many , people. A Mattawan subscriber frankly
acknowledges that the mixture of the state-wide
prohibition law, the ratiﬁcation of the federal '
amendment. and the proposed light wine” and
beer amendment is a. ’ “clear to him as mud."
He writes: , . '

“Among many good things in K. B. F. of last
weeks' issue, I take note of the article on the
wine and beg- amendment. Now I must be very :
dull, because the voting en said amendment is not ‘
very clear to me... Will not the fact of nation-
wide prohibition\nullify this amendment if it
should carry}? What Would happen; does this
mean that t e state at Michigan, or any state in. 3
the union can secede from the nation’s decision ’

» by ballot? 0n the othu hand, if not, why all this -_ :

farce, and I fancy some expense? Who foots the
bill, the liquor interests or from the state funds?
Unless on the chance that some. supreme judge"
will arise to remark that the whole thing is un-
constitutional. To a man up a tree hasten with
the ladder before I get dizzy. '——E. E. Hoehn, Mat-
tawan, Michigan

As we understand it the only eifect of the adop-
tion of the lightwine and beer amendment would
be to reinstate saloons until the national prohi-
bition amendment goes into effect. Of course,
there is powerful opposition to the national prohi-
bition amendment, and court actions instituted
by the saloon forces inthe several states may do-
fer the taking effect of this amendment for an

The liquor interests will pay the expense of the
campaign to ‘fenlighten" the voters upon the ad-
vantages of the light wine and beer amendment,
the taxpayers will stand the cost of the election.

It is, as you state, a farce and will mean the
spending of huge sums of money for the very re-
mote chance of "enjoying" the saloons once more
for a few months at the outside. We have re-
ferred your letter to the dry headquarters and
will havegmore information for you next week.

MILLIONS OF DOLLARS YET
\ DUE THE WOOL GROWERS

(Continued from page 1)‘

“Here is all that I contended they should do to
malts it impossible for those big dealers to get
away with the scores of millions that they will
absorb, vis: Require each» of. those big dealers.
before the government pays over to them money
for wool, to make a statement under oath, Just
how much wool such dealerpbought of John Smith
of Mt. Clemens, ec’t.,'and the total amount paid
for the same. It would not require much eifort
on anybody’s part to comply with this request.
If this simple requirement had been made, it
would have been easy to detect thieving. Just
such requirement would have prevented the graft
that has now taken place. Not a man in the gov- '
ernment service has found fault with it, nor has .
one claimed it to be impractical. -

“All dealers were working on commission ﬁxed
by the rules. But it has been so pro-arranged
that twenty-ﬁve or perhaps“ ﬁfty millions could ,
easily escape detection. ' .

“The War Indus-tries Board has deliberately re- .
fused to do anything to protect the public or the
wool growers except to pass the matter along and .
to no cover the ﬂame with delays and excuses,
that. it would finally sit quiet. . ~

,"Had the same rule been made forthe Boston
wool dealer that is made for the man who is
spending ﬁve dollars for hotel hill or car fare for .
the government, the wool growers and the gov-
ernment would have saved the millions thathave '
been absorbed oorruptly by these thieves under
their blanket of immunity. _ /, , . ;

“The war is over in Europe, and it is high time
soinebody began to look out a little for the m"

 
. payers and theories who must‘foot thebi—lls. I if V

am hopeful that Mrs-am ‘ a willtake hold oi this 7
matter fora real investigation. in he. done?”
some good work _ the-Bureau or Hartman“ «it

 
43¢}

)5 .‘ .
i as“
«2. a
[Milly

.L 1

5 '-

 
Dr. Bpillman “spilled the beans,"
when he came out list-footed for 11 public an
; ‘nouucement of the reiults of the departincnt of
,agricultnre’s
,; ”costs, and intimated that the department has
{much cost-ﬁnding data which it has not made
public and which apparently it does not intend to

"above all criticism from every source, you prefer

 
solospeak,

Investigations of whamiﬁg

make public.

But the farmers are all “bet up" over the re-
ticenca of the department on this important sub-
ject and the various farm organizations are now
demanding that all. the cost data that has been
accumulated by the department he opened to the
public. In this connection the National Board

yof Farm Organization urges that petitions be sent

to the agricultural committees of the senate and

4 _ house asking them to use their inﬂuence to se-

cure access to this information. Speaking. of the
subject, Chas. A. Lyman, secretary of the above
organization, says:

“The Department of Agriculture has carried
'on investigations for a number of years in regard
to the cost of production or distribution of cer-
eals, livestock, milk and other products. It has
shown a reluctance to make these investigations
public. Authoritative data on the cost‘of distri-
bution of whole milk in many of the large cities
was ready for publication in the spring of 1917.
The editorial staff which carries on a rigorous
censorship of all material offered for publication
would not give endorsement to this data because,
as it was stated, it would “lend itself to props-'1
ganda purposes," and was just. what the milk
producers’ organizations were looking for to bear
out their contention that they were not receiving
reasonable prices or fair treatme'ilt from the dis-
tributors. In fairness to the Bureau of Markets,
it should be said that data on the milk question

- . is now: being published in bulletin form. Farm-

ers should also remember that the Department
of Agriculture is supported by popular taxation
which gives to strongly organized commercial in-
terests such as the milk distributors an oppor-
tunity to protest against the publication of any
facts which might be construed as “unfriendly,”
—all of which is an argument for the proposed
Temple of Agriculture at the National capitol
which can make investigations and publish find-
ings without reference to the wishes of milk dis-
tributors or others. "

From the far west comes a strong arraignment

‘. of. Sec'y Houston for, his suppression of food
cost data and his seeming indifference to the

welfare of the farmers. The indictment is signed
by the Intermountain Ass’n of Sn r Beet Grow
erg representing portions of the- states of Utah
and Idaho. A portion of the association’s letter
to Mr HoustOn follows:

“As we are able to gather it your entire ob-
jection to making public the data so laboriously
collected and compiled through the 0111.39. of Farm
Management is that it is open to criticism as not —
being accurate to the nth degree. 'In short, be-
cause you are not able to submit cast sheets that
on their face show such perfection as to stand.

C...

cos , ,‘produeing farm crops would be a factor
~..that would help to allay suspicion in the minds

of our city population that the farmer; of the

», nation were not proﬂteering in war times?

. “Do yen not think that production costs on the

' farm must be understood by the public beforethe

bond of conﬁdence can be fully cemented between
the city and the country?

“Is it not a fact that the commercial interests
of the country are the interests that are served
by suppressing data relating to farm costs, and
do not these interests protest against the circula-
tion of data that tends to arouse the farmer to
action along lines of self-protection? ' * *
mj'You' well know that an exceedingly small per-
centage of our farmers make and pretense of
keeping cost records.
that the best you will ever be able to do toward
determining the cost of farm products is to send
out your agents to "talk with farmers,"1to col-
lect notes f‘taken on farmers’ experiences,” to

make “personal observations of. local conditions,”

and to compile and compute the best possible
“sort of adjustment from these ﬁgures.”

“You further know that you must conﬁne your
efforts to certain crops from year to year, and
that investigations must be limited to particular
sections and localities from time to time, but
this does not absolve you from the duty of letting
us know what you ﬁnd out. Please give it to us
as you gather it and trust it to be properly reﬁned
in the mill of public opinion. Consistently pur—
sue this course and eventually we will have data
that WILL BE DEPENDABLE, and, above all, we
will have a class of farmers in America who no
longer grope their way. ‘ " ‘ ‘

“Among the cost studies ‘made and recently
compiled under the direction of Dr. Spillman are
costs of producing sugar beets. We know just how
her the’department has gone in this matter and
what ground has, been covered. We have been
expecting the issuance of the sugar beet produc-
tion cost bulletin for nearly a year. Your letter
explains why it has not come out.

“Mr. Secretary. you are putting millions in the
pockets of the beet sugar manufacturers by with-
holding this-cost data. You are denying justice
to many thousands of toil-worn, discouraged farm-
ers by hiding facts that will arouse public senti-
ment» for fair play in what is destined to be one
of America’s most important crops.

“You are giving the great milling interests and
not the farmers service by withholding such wheat
cost data 115' you have gathered.

“We understand you to be charged with the
duty of developing the AGRICULTURAL resourc—
es of the nation. Have we been misinformed?

“In closing, allow- us to enter our protest in be—
half of the farmers of Utah and Idaho in all
solemnity and with all the vigor at our command,
against the attitude you have assumed regarding
the publication of such cost studies as have been
made by the department. We sincerely and earn—
estly urge you to recede from this position and
give us all you have along this line. Then re-
double your efforts to get us more and still more.
Such a course will arouse an interest among our
farmers which will advance your work in this ﬁeld
at least one generation—Intermountam Ass'n of
Sugar Beet Growers, N. P. Petersen. President;
0. 0. Patterson, Secretary.

m .
time as you are able to ah-' ‘
absolutely accurate tlﬁt no econ-

You perfectly understand.

sections will be asked to appear and testify.

 
Barriers Between American Food Supplies
and Foreign Demand at Last are Down
and Stream of Products Start
for Europe

 
The biggest piece of news that has come to the:
farmers in a long time is the announcement by
the War Trade Board that export restrictions,‘
have been removed from the most important com-_
modities and American food products may now .
ﬁnd their way unmolested to the hungry peoples '
of Europe. ,

The commodities removed from the export cun— ‘
servatlon list are barley, corn, and rye, including
ﬂour and meal made from these grains, oats and
oat products, brewers’ grains, bran and mid-
dlings, beans, dried and split peas, and sugar.

These articles constitute a. majority of the
food items on the restricted list and their remov-
al is effective immediately. Licenses to export
them willbe granted freely to all countries, in-
cluding Great Britain, France, Italy and Belgium.
This is an important concession as hitherto these
articles of food could be exported to the above ‘
named countries only thru the medium of the .1
Food Administration. -'

Pénding the determination of the government
of the manner in which it will handle its wheat . I.
guarantee, restrictions remain on wheat and ' '
wheat ﬂour. g, ..

The fact that these items of food have been
banned from export except thru the Food Admin- '
istratlon has not been of common knowledgey
The majority of those who have given the sub-’-
ject any thought at all haVe believed that export
restrictions for the most part ended simultan- '
eously with the signing of the armistice, and
they could not, therefore, understand the lack of
market for and the decline in prices of foods
known to be in great demand in foreign coun-
tries. The much talked of foreign demand failed
to move American food products, and matters were
rapidly reaching the point where both producers
and dealers began to doubt the authenticity of E;
foreign food reports 1

The effect of the removal of export restrictions ,
should be immediately noted in the strengthening
of all markets. We are advised from conﬁdential r
Washington sources that the United States holds
85 per cent of the world‘s food supply and if this
be true and the foreign demand is all that is claim-
ed, practically all food prices must advance be-
fore another harvest. in response to the natural
lawo of supply and demand \

  
,1.
;
l

 
INTERESTS THREATEN TO RE-
PUDIATE WHEAT GUARANTEE

 
Certain western congressmen are alarmed OVer "‘
what appears to be a powerful opposition growing
among certain ﬁnancial interests to the carryin
out of the government’s wheat guaranty. Con
sideration of legislation to maintain the govern,
ment wheat guaranty price of $2.26 a bushel will
be begun next Monday when representatives of.
the large board of trade in the wheat growm; ; .

 
‘ “Construction Work Completed Yesterday, the Work of Destruction Begins Today”

   
bored
ends.

0W. THAT MICHIGAN is considering a good roads program worth
while, the question of “up-keep” must have due consideration. No
matter of what material a road is constructed, it should be remem-
that th work of destruction begins where the work of construction
Many a good gravel road has been destroyed in a single year for

\the simple reason that no effort was made to keep the road-bed in shape.
Very soon the crown of the road is leveled, and the best gravel is outside
the rack; salts are a natural result, and any concession which holds water
means pid deterioration. - . 1 ,
' {the road-bed the railway companies ‘ pe an

 
”A man with one horse and a cart winter and summer, could be kept em
. ployed eight hours every day in keeping a section of the read in

 
and mmmercial truck has come to stay; the number of users of an
bites Will be multiplied many times, and therefOre the need of 5 all

materials, and as regularly do you come across the roadmen, who though
never in a hurry are always on the 'job, and the moment the suction of
the automobile tires loosen a stone or bit of gravel, repairs are at once
made. .

Where thousands of dollars are expended in road building it would"
surely seem wise to expend a sufﬁcient amount annually to keep the ma '
in repair. There should be roadmen on every section of state reward road

     
and the meney thus spent would be wisely expended, indeed. Th.

  
’ d the positive necessity of some plan of maintaining them.
W roads" good. if you please. , »

 
the
m
m
- 1r
ff
“r

1“ THE farmers of this state desire to have
.: representation upon the State Board of Agri-
_ culture they ought to say so. There is nothing
”wrong or disgraceful in asking a state convention

. y to. recognize such representation in the interests

‘of agriculture and
in the interests of
the state. The
‘ state convention

tive sentiment of
the state, and
does not always
represent the dor-
mant. It is not
the fault of the
convention if the
real sentiment is
not conveyed to
it. If only a few

 
WM. E. BROWN
farmers make their desires known it .may‘ be
truly said by the convention, which represents
the active public sentiment,» that only a few farm-
ers wanted such representation, as only a few

asked for it.‘ If -many ask for it such claims
could not truthfully be made. Anything that is
not worth asking for is not worth having.

Some thoughtful and leading citizens, after a
careful canvass of public sentiment, have taken
the initiative and recommended to the electors
and especially to the farmers, to support L. _Whit-
ney Watkins and Mrs. Dora Stockman for places
on the Republican ticket as members of the State
Board of Agriculture to be nominated at the
coming state convention. If the sentiment among
the farmers is strong enough they will be nomin-
ated and the ticket will be stronger, and the
farmers and the whole state he better off by reason
of their being on the ticket and when elected, on
the board.

While the advice and-recommendations of such
prominent citizens as have expressed themselves
carries great weight, yet, it is not enough to sway
a convention of 1,500 delegates, who represent var-
ied districts, sentiments and interests. It is nec-
essary that the rank and ﬁle of the citizens shall
make their wishes known. How shall it be done?
It is not enough to wish nor even to talk. It is
necessary to take some steps to let the convention
know what you want and what you think the state
ought to have.

The township caucus is the means at your hand
to express this sentiment and wish into concrete

form. Go to the caucug and join with the others I

in sending a delegation to the county convention
favorable to the nomination of these two per-
sons. If you have control of the township caucus
adopt resolutions in foyer of the nomination of
these two persons. This is (the way to make your
sentiments and wishes known. It is the right
way. If your community don’t want them, then
that is the way to ﬁnd out.

At the county convention arrange to have reso-
lutions endorsing their nominations and see that
they are passed in a manner that will leave no
doubt but what their adoption is the expression
of the wishes of the farming community and that
the others are not conceding the advisability of
their being represented oh the board by members
who are undoubtedly recommended by the farm-
ers and have the conﬁdence of the farmers. I am
merely suggesting a form, but any other form
will express your desires just as well.

There can be no question of the ﬁtness of Mr.
Watkins and Mrs. Stockman and of their ability
and willingness to do"all that can be done in the
interests of agriculture for the beneﬁt of the
whole state. I urge you not to compromise on any
form of resolution that would come short of en-
dorsement of Mr. Watkins and Mrs. Stockman.

egatesto — State Conve {ion

' represents the ac-

  
Counted ,.
' ”‘syWM. narrows?" ,
Legal Editor Michisin sagas, Farms

'1 ,. L?" .6.

   
Present This Resolution at our Townr
ship Caucus and’ County Convention

ESOLVED, by the Republicans of—————.
R County (or township) in convention
assembled at .——— on this ---— day
of February, A. D. ‘1919, that we recognize
with pleasure the coming ofrwomen to‘parr
ticipate in the duties and privileges of elec-
tors as a part of their obligations as citi-
zens. The faithful performance of every
act and responsibility that could come to
them in the great crisis that has passed
over demonstrates that they are never
lacking in good citizenship and willingness
to make any sacriﬁce for the welfare of
our great and glorious republic, the model
of the world for free people, and we urge
their participation in all of the duties of
electors. Be it further, _ - '
Resolved, That we recognize with pleas~
ure the faithful devotion of agricultur-
ists in the production of food for ourselves
and 'our allies, under the slogan, “Food 'Will
Win the War." Michigan [is a great agri-
cultural state, and in recognition thereof
have provided in their constitution for a
State Board -of Agriculture. We believe
such board should be representative of the
agriCultural interests and to that end We
instruct our delegates to the state conven-
tion to support L. Whitney Watkins and.
Mrs. Dora Stockman as nominees to:- the
State Board of Agriculture. Be it further~
Resolved, That our delegates are to use
every honorable means Within their power
to secure their nominations. 'Be it further
Resolved, That copies of this resolution
be furnished the press and the secretary of
the Republican state convention.

 
L. W. Watkins, Farmer Candidate, Board of

'~August 6th 1873. The nucleus-of this farm was .

N L. WHITNEY Watkins of Manchester not

only the farmers but the electorate at large,

have a candidate extraordinary for the Mich.
igan State Board of Agriculture.
tionally qualiﬁed, both by training and experi.
ence, to sit on
the agricultural
board, and altho
presented by the
farmers , as their
candidate, Mir.
Watkins may be
absolutely relied
upon to adminis-
ter ‘the duties of
the ofﬁce he seeks
in a fair and im-
partial manner,
ever having the
interests of the

The important

 
L. W. WATKINS
entire commonwealth in mind.

thing to the farmers is that Mr. Watkins isa-

farmer and as such knows the weakneSS of. Mich-
igan’s agricultural institution, and knows also
what to do to make that institution of greater
service to all concerned. The important thing to
the city voters and taxpayers is that Mr. Wat—
kins is a careful business man, with a long rec-
ord of satisfactory public service. Labor, mer-
cantile, manufacturing and agricultural interests
can unite, with safety and reason, upon L. Whit‘
ney Watkins for the Board of Agriculture.

L. Whitney Watkins was born on the farm'

where he now resides, near Manchester, Michigan,

He is excep—4

"J’

      
raver; so that the rest 6flthostate may know what

the §Qntfniéht is. ..E.-.is*ynnr right- and duty to as "

- 80 if you idelire‘7‘1t3. ' It‘is41.the Way such» questions

are ' de‘cidedghd conventions (carry, out you! 69’"...
presséd’wishes; Therecan be no misunderstanding
of your wishes if yes pursue this course. It is”:
easy to -. claim you were nettinterested if you do. ' "
Elect favor- ,
able and trusty delegates to the county convene "
tion. In the county convention see that favorable

not do it. 'Attend the town caucus.

delegates are, elected. to the ”state convention.

I desire to 'say'to "the, agricultural women; of the, .,
state that athe. constitutional amendment gives .
, you theri‘ght tolattend your party. caucus, county _

and state convention, even if you are not yetreg-

istered. It is your dhty‘to do so. .It is yOur' duty 7
and privilege to. participate inevery act of citizen: .

ship that anelector‘ should participate in. You
attend church, lodge, picnics, public and private

meetings with your‘father,‘ brothers and sons. ..

There are no-reaSons why you should not attend
caucus and conventions and many reasons why
you should. Make it a business to participate in,
your duties as a citizen.

No one can vote at a regular election until he

or she is registered. Voting at a primary is con- .

ﬁned to the same restrictions. The law provides
regular registration days for primary and regu-
lar elections. Besure and rigister at the proper
time before election. ' Women citizens having the
same qualiﬁcations'as men electors are entitled to
register andvote. What constitutes citizenship
may be taken up at a later date if need be. All
must, register or be registered in a lawful way, but
this appeal is to attend the caucus and conventions,
county and state. ,, ,

Agricultln'e

taken up by his "grandfather from the govern?

ment in 1832, who brought his‘ family into the"

then wilderness to carve out their future home,
in 1834. ‘ . . .

Mr. Watkins has been prominent in agricul-
tural affairs for manyyears, and is one of the’
'most ,progressive farmers in the state. He has
three children, two boys and one‘daughter,. and
these children‘ represent the fourth generation of
the Watkins family who have continuously lived
on the old homestead. . L. Whitney Watkins grad-
uated-'fromthe Michigan Agricultural College in
1893, and took up active work upon the farm. He
has been many times honored by the citizens of
thestate. He was for six years a member of the
State Board of Agriculture, and did splendid
work in the interests of the farmer, bringing the
college nearer to the real farmers than ever be»
fore. He was state senator from the 10th district

'for four years; for three years president of the ' '

State Associatidn of Farmers’ Clubs; threeyears
president of the Michigan Live Stock Breeders'
Association; two years director and superintend.
ent of horses at West Michigan State, Fair; two
years director of the Michigan State Fair, and is
now vice-president of the Jackson County Farm
Bureau, secretary of the Manchester Farmers’
Cooperative" Association and was United States
appraiser for Michigan during the foot and mouth
outbreak in 1915, where he gave perfect satisfsc.
tion to the state, the national government and the
farmers. A: big, broad, progressiVe man; respect-
ed by all; fully qualiﬁed, and a real, farmer.

 
'sentation 0n the Board of Agriculture
will vote favorable to your wishes.

April 7th, but the real work that will determine the fate of , 6 J "
caucuses to be held thruout the state next w’eek.‘ Farmers, don’t let the fellows from thettowns and villages (lamina your township
caucus or your-county convention. Attend caucus in such numbers that will assure the adoption of. the ' ‘
and the election of delegates pledged to Carry out your‘wis'hes at your county convention. “If your caucus

'tion, have 'some farmer delegate present it at the county convention, anyway. Keep in-mind that if y

you must take extraordinary mcaSures' to send‘_delé?gatss from; mmty can

 
your candidatesmust. be done at the several

,,

Your Candidates will surely Lose if You do not Attend the Township, Caucus r * -‘
' N 0W, FbR THE ﬁrst time in many years, the farming interests of the state are to be given a chance of nominating and'electing'
two of their members to the State Board of Agriculture, and with ~fair chances of'success. The election is not, tobeiheld until

.,,1?“nd.¥¢4"1‘t°wn8hip' -

 
1 given abbrev-
to a, "pt? caisson-z»

Prom 1°? ‘ “
nation Wire

    
' information \presented by Mr. Houston

 
:1 assumed that the major part of
. Herbert Hoover who has been 111 ‘

join. Two questions arise, «1: the informa- '

on authentic?" and “D09: it provide a basis 40:-

"determrning the food supplies and reduirements ‘

”eight or ten months hence??? .. 1 1

.1 , ' . .. Barley, Stock and Dairy Products
“Vegetable' Supplym Normal

- normal supply of sugar, 11 large exportable sur-
*~ plus of rice.

~Mr Houstons report is disappointing, in one
respect, at least. The food needs of Europe are

'-not nearly so large as the American farmers have

been led to believe. Europe cannot possibly use
to advantage all the surplus foods which Ameri»
can farmers cauld produce: next year without ex-
ceptional effort or investment. 80 then, it will
be necessary, or. at least much safer, for the Ameri-

Department of Agriculture, assuming that may
reﬂect approximately the true conditions of 3.1-?
fairs, enables us to draw the following conclu-'
sions:

First, a very large surplus of wheat, new esti-
mated at 500 000,000 bushels, would in aVerage
years discourage any spring planting of this car
as]. However, in view of the government’s 8118.1“-
rantee the farmer who ordinarily plants 81111113
wheat and the farmer who last year planned (in
planting spring wheat this year, will no doubt"
carry out these plans, while a few farmers who
do not usually plant spring wheat will be tempted.
to do so this spring because it is sure ,

 
“If the information is not authentic,

 
there is probably no way to secure in-
formation that is, and the farmer will,
head to go on as usual plowing, sowing, »

, import requirements

Rye. Barley.

«—__.

to come as near paying them a proﬁt
as almost any other crop.
There is declared to be ashortage of

 
cultivating and harvesting, in blind and
“blissful ignorance of whether there is '
" going to he a proﬁtable. if any market
at all for his crops.

There is a question as to whether the

llics . . . .
eutrals .

can saferly\ be taken as a basis for de-

‘ termining food supplies and needs many

months hence. There are natural dif-
ﬁculties in the way of determining with

any degree of accuracy the probable

plantings in Europe the coming spring

They may reach Very close to normal,

and again- they may fall far below n01-

, ma]. In the one case the United States

might have to go begging for a market

for its foodstuffs..— In the other, it ought

to have a proﬁtable market for every

3 pound of food produced. It is well to ,
”face these truths before accepting word

for word the .bushel estimates of food

needs and supplies for the present year,

as presented by Mr. Houston. ‘ ,

_ On the other hand— the report is .val-
zuable in that it clearly shoWs the

t

 
hoop .............................

..: ..............................

Emitting“,.'.':::::::::.:.:::::::::::
Total Europe. ......................

Other countries ...... ..... ....... , ........
Grand total.

Suryg‘lunsm (estimated):

Argcnta' 1 na ...... . ............. ' .........
Australia .............................

ndia
Other countries (prew ar)..
Total, except United States ....... 1 .
Not deficit ..................... . ..........

Production . ................. . ........... ,
Consumption .............................
Surplus ........... . ...................... -
Deﬁcit . . .

case... .................... h .....

Surplus . .
Deﬁcit . ..

suitors.

rye and barley. If so, it is hard \to ac-
count 101 the recent declines in the
. maiket value of these c1 ops

 
who include rye in their cropiotating
plans should bear in mind the effect
that a great supply of cheap wheat may

 
have upon the demand 101 other cereals.

 
If the government should be foxced to’

 
y

.ueouoe-neunnnoooe- .....

dispose of its wheat purchases for a

 
............ .n-g......o-o-.o~-.

great deal less than the government
guarantee, it is a foregone conclusion
that the market for high-priced cereals
will be very limited. We w0uld caution
farmers against any large ameage in

 
rye plantings. In many cases barley

 
should be given preference to rye, as

 
1111111111 auras, ma

them will be a demand for barley for
special uses to which other giains are
not adapted. Barley is becoming very

 
popular as a dairy feed, and the world-
wide efforts that are being made to in-

 
WORLD.

ouoo. ............................

......... -...i...................

 
crease live stock herds should bring
about a corresponding increase in the
demand for live stock feeds.

Despite the upon-ant surplus of over

 
shortages and surplnsages of the var-
‘ious crops grown in ~this country.

Broadly speaking. there is a shortage
of all cereals except wheat and oats. There is a
normal supply of vegetables. There is a shortage

and stocks

' , of live stock animals, with the exception of horses

and mules, and a very large shertage of dairy
foods and feeds There is a shortage of cotton, 8.

NOTE—Estimates of Euro

on hand. surplus or deﬁcirnnzy are based on “hi

can farmer who has been planning on maximum
production, in the expectation that Europe’s de-
mands would afford a proﬁtable market for the
crops, to revise his planting schedule.

A careful study of the ﬁgures prepared by the

pean crop and live- stock production, consumption
mpleie data

are subject to change as more complete data becomes availnb.le

150 million bllsllr‘lri of cans. both for
domestic and foreign rousumptimr the
Department of Agriculture urges a
normal_ planting of this cereal. Here'again
'is felt the inﬂuence of the live stock pro-
duction program. The demand for feeds of all
kinds the coming year or two is expected to ex-
ceed that of any previous (Continued on page 21)

which

.0 Owns the Chicago Stockyards?

A Question that has Baffled Federal Trade Commission and all who have Camped

; HIRE YOU able to solve that old problem:
U» “How old is Ann?” gt so, here’s a problem
which Congress would like to have you
work on for the remaining days of your life;
“Who owns the Unidn Stock Yards at Chicago?”
The yards are there, all right enough; you can’t
sell cattle on the Chicago market without getting
right into tire yards—but who owns the Union
Stock Yards? That’s the question. . «
. "Dead easy," you say. "I will get the informa-
. 'tion fromthe Federal Trade. Commission which
‘has been making a thorough investigation of this
; ' very questiOn. " Foiled again, my dear "Sher-
,_ldcko;" the Federal Trade Commission shadowed
the elusive ownership for three leng months, and
19.11 the tangible evidence of real ownership found
" was an old gentleman living somewhere among
~ith'e hills of Maryland, who acted ae president of
F“somethin‘g,” but he neithen, knew how he was

elected, or what his duties were ,———some one, seme ,

. time, asked 111111 ’to act in some capacity, and he

g signed his name, and now complains because peo-
pie are trying to ﬁnd out about something that he-

, knows nothing nbout

Here’s a clue:
3., wealthy eastern family invested some money in
a small stock yard in the little village ‘01- Chicago.
be .111 tubers 01 that family hays 011g since de-

No other emcer has thus ‘
« far been located 1 ,;- . 1 ,
Way back “hole the war” a -

on the Elusive Trail

the name of a man in New York City as presi-
dent of the Stock Yards Company. Letters written
”to this gentleman were answered uponstationery
of one of the leading hotels of the city. Some-
how nothing deﬁnite could be secured, and. a wire
asking this man of mystery to come before the
Commission was unanswered. “We will get him,”
reasoned the Commission, and they sent an oiﬁcer
with a summons to New" York to bring back the
much-wanted president. Did they ﬁnd him? Oh,
.no; neither could they ﬁnd that a man by the
name given had ever registered at the hotel. Fin-
ally the poor fellow who had had the presidency
or acting trusteeship thrust upon him, was located
down in Maryland, but he had received neither
.letters or telegrams; had not been to New York
City, and knew nothing about the investigation.

The mystery deepens and the plot thickens. The
Federal Trade Commission ﬁnally located a sert
of a “reward of merit" certiﬁcate, which certi-
ﬂed that the “holder thereof” was entitled to
something from something which the certiﬁcate
represented:- These certiﬁcates contain no names;
yet they are not transferable; where they are
recorded is a mystery. Now, listen, for here is
another clue: “Dividends earned and paid to the
holders 01"" see certiﬁcates ” Now it ought to be
e a, .

* ,9 shall- see. J. Ogden Armour
, 111111 est in he stock yards; how great the
d, ,s h 1191.011. day he drives

[before a bank, and his.

ith the mysterious cer-
. 9. certiﬁcate. but has the
asset V1111 . i

turned when called for. Now the bank sends that
certiﬁcate to a bank in Chicago, and ﬁnally it
returns, together with a check for a fat dividend.
Armour’s driver ﬁnally goes back to the bank
again, turns in the receipt, gets the cash and the
mysterious certiﬁcate is returned to him. No
names, no questions asked; just conﬁdence and a
mutual understanding. Now, dear reader, as you
have all of the facts, together with several per-
fectly good clues solve the question of the owner-
ship of the Union Stock Yards and get the reward.

If the Union Stock Yards are legitimately con-
ducted, why all this secrecy about the real owner-
ship? If the average mortal should attempt to
dodge the law in this manner he would soon ﬁnd
himself behind iron bars. That there is a con-
necting link between the ownership of the stock
yards, the manipulations of the Chicago Live Stock
Exchange and the big packers, has been clearly
proven. That this combination is an unholy alli-
ance of big interests, which should be destroyed
root and branch, all will admit The average
American citizen is not concerned about the mag-
nitude of “Big Business, " so long as "big biz" ob-'
serves the laws of the nation; but when the laws
of both state and nation and the interests of the
people are trampled under the hoofs of these wild
ﬁnancial steers of the middle west who have never

been "either ro'de or curried, " it is time the peo- “ 1‘ 7

pie arose in righteous indignation and told them
to get “thehelloutofthis. ” The stock breeders an

farmers of the nation on the one hand and th__
conSuming public on the other, have been pilli' ,
long enough. It is such evidenCe of crooked man “
ipulatit‘m herein described which has dis

“right thinking people everywhere, and cause

them to feel that the time has arrived to crush“

these unprincipled alliances under the.

113931 heel
of public indignation. '

 
Farmers '

 
B‘When

 
.. _ _' The Election laws
‘ ITTLE HAS been done, sb far, in the ‘way of
patching up our election laws.. :While there
‘ is evident a desire to correct glaring de-
feats, most of the members seem inclined, from
present indications, to "let George do it " .
_ ‘ When the lieutenant governor,“in his inaugur-
al address deprecated the use of large sums of
‘-r"money in election contests, and hinted vaguely at

. the dire results such practices would entail upon
,. the party morale and the public conscience, and

then when Speaker "Pom" Read, in his inaugural
address voiced his joyful acquiescence in the well
laid plans, his approval of the delicate, talcum-
' scented methods employed, and his praise for the
Ilofty ideals inspiring those who promised to
make "an ace of a two-spot, and who, after mov-
ing heaven and earth at “double ﬁrst-class"
freight rates, succeeded in delivering the goods——
“Tom" gave his unqualiﬁed approval to
'some. particularly doubtful assets of his party
and received the glad-hand from the house mem-
bers, as hadVLleutenant Governor Dickinson in
the senate, the probability of any satisfactory
election legislation being enacted seemed very
remote, subsequent events, however, seem to in-
dicate that the matters referred to were simply
sporadic manifestations of reaction, having no
bearing on the real situation. It is now believed
by those hoping for improvement in election
laWs that it will be possible at this session to
enact legislatmn that will re-bung the barrels and
send the auctioneers into other ﬁelds of activity.
Few election bills have been presented. One to

repeal the primary law is keeping well under
cover to avoid the many brick-bats in store for it.
One for pro-primary conventions is sleeping
peacefully in committee, while another bill put-
ting reasonable limit on expenses and providing
for keeping oil' the ballot the names of those who
violate its provisions, is atracting much atten-
tion and receiving much favorable comment
from those not afﬁliated with the p. b. d. (public
be damned) group of our citizenship.
The Dog Law
. "CCEEDING sessions of the legislature fer
S 'ears have attempted to enact a workable dog
tax law, without attaining that marked success

that automatically closes ”the door against the
tinkerer. 'The reason is obvious. Too many people
in and out of the legislature think that to write
a‘ remedy into the law disposes of the matter sat-
isfactorily. If‘every dog in the state were im-
pounded between the hours of 6 p. m. and 7 a. m.
no damage would ever be done to sheep. If this
were done it would not be necessary to put a tax
on them to pay damages done to sheep; in fact
the dog question would .be settled. So Senator
Sorghum sponsors a bill requiring all dogs to be
shut up between the hours stated and afﬁxes
proper penalties for its violation! Later it de-
velops that the man whose dog most needs to be
shut up was ignorant of the law, which fact is
none. the less important, even if "ignorance of
thelaw exauses no man." The vital fact is that
the dog is at large.

' The neighbor whose duty it is to complain
lays down and in case he does brave the storm
and make complaint, the oﬂicer, in many instanc-
es. has been too busy to go out and kill family
pets at one dollar per, and your law is all shot
to pieces, because liability for the dog is not ﬁxed
at a proper place. _

If. a high tax was placed on dogs and the tax
made a lien on the land where they are harbored,
don't you think something would be doing in the
dog business?

Farm Legislation

EWS from Lansing that farming inter-
ests are being organized so far as possi-
ble to promote legislation of interest to
the'farmer is accompanied by encouraging evi-
dence that those who are backing the movement
are wise enough to ﬁnd the farmer’s interest to be
. best served by the legislation which serves the in-
terests of the state as a whole,” says the Battle
~0reek News. '

“Thus it appears that instead .of' seeking class

(é

legislation, bound within the narrow lines of class

ginterest, the new association proposes to make

itself a force behind the legislation which will .

' bring beneﬁt to the farmer by stimulating the
progress and development of the state as a whole.
is an example of class activity which is ur-

' set a, pattern to guide the grow-

classes to bear upon the government.

By HERBERT F. BAKER

ing tendency to bring the inﬂuence of various
The die--
tinction between that kind of- promotion which
seeks class beneﬁt thru the public? beneﬁt, and
that which seeks to build up class at the expense
of the public is so broad as to represent the whole
distance between the healthy functioning of free
government and the predatory warfare of hostile
bands and groups.

“The farmers’ movement at Lansing will give

its support to good roads legislation. In no other
way can government more certainly—beneﬁt the
farmer while proﬁting the state as a whole. There
are various other avenues of state activity by
which farming interests may be directly fostered,
t6 the advantage of everybody, and it is encour-
aging to note that the farm inﬂuence, insofar as
the new‘movement at Lansing represents it, is to
exert its force in this legislature for. the making
of wholesome progress i-n Michigan, to the end
that all may prosper from the increase of oppor-
tunity and prosperity." .

Detroit Senators Oppose Warehouse Bill
DETROIT members of the two houses are not
taking kindly to Senator McNaughton’ a bill
to permit the state to build terminal ware-
houses. .

Senator Condon insisted that to a large degree
the amendment if passed and followed to its logi-
cal conclusion, would help the farmer, but not the
city consumer.

“While we of the city are perfectly-satisﬁed, and
would be glad to see the farmer-producerxg‘et all
he can get out of the products .of his farm,” said
Mr. Condon, “I fail to see thevjustice in making
the city pay by taxation for warehouses which
would only help [he farmer. We would not. get
our stuff any cheaper. Even now, as an example,
we are paying in the city of Detroit 80 cents for
eggs, delivered to our doors.

“Go into the country in your own automobile,
buy your own eggs and deliver them to your own
home, and you pay 80 cents just the same. The
producer out in the country makes the same price
at his poultry farm as the retailer does in the city.”

Senator Wood, of Detroit, threw into the general
discussion a rumor he had heard that the ware-
houses were to be located on the west side of the

state, close to Benton Harbor, where they would

be excellent for the Chicago market, but of no use

to the eastern side of the state, including Detroit.

ND ham to the Constitution has. , i ‘

been submitted by the legislature. authoril- .

ing a 350, 000,000 issue of state bonds for ‘
road construction. Its proponents argue that our .
trunk line roads should be built NOW, and built '
by the state and paid for on the installment plan,
thus placing the state in the matter of the ﬂeet
expenditure necessary to rapid trunk line devel-
opment in the same position as that or the family
unable to buy the phonograph for cash. The
installment plan relieves the situation and in
each case it is possible for those interested to en--
joy use of the desired object while raising the
funds with which to pay for it.

,None of our friends should become unduly ex-
cited about the unusually large number of big
round naughts used to express the amount in-
volved. No single big round dollar of Our dads
will be removed from its present moorings by
this measure until a majority of the people of
the state (women includedr voting on the prop-
osition have given it their approval;

Reprtsentative Aldrich of Cheboygan h'as intro-
duced in the house a bill to work out the plan of
. state built trunk lines. Get a copy of it and
study its provisions before indulging in adverse
criticism.

State-Owned Terminal Warehouses

HE Constitutional amendment by Senator

McNaughton providing an issue ”of state

bonds to build terminal warehouses, passed
its; ﬁrst and second readings in the senate Jan.
81. There is -little doubt that it will pass both
houses and be submitted to the people at the
spring election of 1919. With proper terminal
facilities in the form of markets, warehouses and
elevators, the consumer could be brought in close
touch with the producer to the material advant-
age of both. If you would promote the submis-
sion of this amendment to the people write your
senator or representative to send you copies of it.
Ask for copies of McNaughtou Terminal Ware-
house Amendment. If each senator and repre-
sentative should receive calls for it, that would
indicate public interest in the matter and public
interest is a powerful eye-bpener to the average
legislator. '

.. I
Eight Hour Law

.EPRESENTATIVES Holland, Young and Kap-

pler were leaders in a. merry jungle over the

8-hour law recently in the House. /We farm-
ers have long” worked under an eight hour law of
our own—eight hours in the forenoon, eight hours
.in the afternoon, with eight hours for chores,
recreation and sleep, hence we have no quarrel
with‘eight hour advocates.

 
wk

7" 1 Hill“ "'

 
{W

 
\NQ“ ‘5

 
ESLIVE STOCK NEED-9'

 
" eeﬂof'it’s live stock" eipertsgto visit.
an} indeﬁnite period, and supply Amalg-
TstOck‘ industries with oﬁicial_zinforma-‘
heiPEéEGDt and probable, future demand

 
,i‘ '-
l 31

  
,Eu opeang..countries fog;._vgmag1csn afﬂict?“
Wk‘preducts. , .

agricultural commission recently. sent to

.LTho'

‘ Europeby the secretary" or Agriculture reported
"son «liye stock conditions-- prior to the armistice,
lysinoeﬂwhich the changing situation requires fur-
“ther. attention. The suggestion that- the depart-‘

,' I 2merit,,gsgndg'represéntatives.to .keep- in touch with
‘ the ,_ uropeamsituationQand furnish it with infor-

2/»

l

 
1ft many sources.” i‘_ g
:‘l‘hs, departmentjrepresentatives are not to ac-
. ,geept'vorders‘ Ifo‘r’animal‘s or animal products, but.
. *thé‘iniormation they obtain is to be made public
promptlyf’by’ the department.
1" dairy associations in this country have been in-

: radians found that it paid.-
_ Cook’s/talk and reports onus accomplishments of .
the Union Cooperative Ass’n V

”connection [with the sale of nitrate;
' local ’nitrate committees" to" give the

. [of soda to‘fa‘rmers this year,

nation infertile. producers has been made from

Live stock ,and

vited; to suggest questions they desire investi-

gated: . . . - ' ‘
The department representatives are C. W. Lar-

son, assistant chief of the Dairy Division, bureau

-, of Animal Industry who now is in Europe doing

special work; G. Arthur Bell, of the Animal Hus-

- tbandry division, bureau of Animal Industry; and
> T. R. H.,Wright, ot-the live stock sectiOn, Bureau

of Markets.

 
I ' PERRY FARMERS FORM CO-OPERA-

TIVE LIVE STOCK ASSOCIATION

 
Not so véry many years ago it was a hard job
to. get more than a. handful of farmers out to a-

' cooperative meeting, but that‘ time fortunately is

passed. A ' short time ago a call was issued to

* ‘farmers living, near Perry'to attend a meeting to

discuss the organization of a live stock “shipping

K association, and usarlyf 1200" enthusiastic farmers
. .. were on haid ready for “biz." A. B. Cook of Owos-
' so, a cooperative “preacher"

, _ who practices what
hepreaches,-gave the farmers one of his “straight-

; from-the-sho'ulder" talks and. soon proved the ad-
‘ .vantages of co—operative marketing to the satisfac-

tion of all present. One or the big points he drove

I home was that loyalty was the keynote to co-opeb
.ative success.,.He said every- farmer should stand

back, of the manager and not ﬁnd fault if at ﬁrst
everything did not go Just to suit all the company.
He said that he had always sold his stock to local
shippers just as all the other farmers had done
but for the past two years "‘d shipped co-opera:
As a result of Mr.

of Shiawassee and

Clinton “counties and of the Fowlerville (Jo-operas.

tivs Co., as presented by their respective managers

glans were immediately formed "for an organiza-
on. .

 
FEBRUARY ‘15 LAST-.DAY TO ' O ‘
ORDER GOVERNMENT NITRATE

 
The Secretary of Agriculture has announced
that the' ﬁnal date for the ﬁling of applications

Li'Or nitrate of soda with county agents and .local V
been advanced to Febru- 7

nitrate committees has
ary 15, 1919.‘ This action is taken in view of the
fact that farmers in many parts. of the country
advise thatth‘eyadesire'nitrate of soda," but were-
unable to ﬁle their applications prior to January
25. [On account of the pressure of other work and ,
the'heavy' duties devolving upon county agents in
it Was not
members -of "
desir ' ’ ‘ ’
,licit'yto theDepartment’s plan for selling 031$;
, . _ . , By, ext‘ending'the
time'fon ﬁling‘applications to February 15, it is
believed that every "fail-men who . wishes to buy , ni-.

. . 1 _ . 1th.? Go’vsrnment will begiyen amps:
armpit? “to, do ,so. ‘ ' ‘

possible rtbr'rthe county agents and

 
“mammal m -

 
have not already ﬁled. their applications should

~communibate - immediately; with their county
agents. All applications must be ﬁled with county

’/ ‘ ‘ ' ' ‘ -~ » ' ksen»tsgnot later than February 15.
mqDepartment of Agriculture - .

 
CARL vR'OoMAN RESIGNS As
; Ass’r SEC’Y OF AGRICULTURE

 
Carl Vrooman. ,assistant secretary of agricul-
ture who ‘accOmpanied the agricultural commission
sent by the department to Europe, has tendered
his resignation, which has been accepted by the
President._ Mr. Vrooman has not been in very
good health for some time and desired to be re-
lieved of his duties so that he might remain
abroad until hehas fully recovered. ,

Before the entrance of the United States in
the war there was only one Assistant Secretary
of Agriculture. The Food Production «Act of
August 10, 1917 authorized the appointment of two

v

 
_ miles distant.

GREAT BRITAIN OVERSTOCKED

"WITH WHEAT, WRITER, SAYS-

 
The agricultural correspondent of the Igo‘ntiti‘lY‘T-,.1
Times is a bit glum about the farming situation;
in Great Britain. Says he, in the issue of Janua‘ry=.j,
6, “The markets are already turning against m§,.f
home farmer and the explanation is to be found?“ .
in the concentration. of tonnage on the carrying"; \‘7
of certain commodities and the neglect of Others?"

The results of recent shipping show defective un-
derstanding of the farming requirements.

“The most conspicuous example of imprudent ‘-

control,” says the correspondent, “is the excessive
importation of wheat and the failure to procure
for stock owners the feedlngstuffs, the want of
.which has so long hampered the output of animal
products. Concentrated stuffs, essential to inten-
sive methods of animal husbandry, are coming to
hand in wholly inadequate quantities and owners
of stock are sorely exercised to keep their herds
and ﬂocks in good condition. Promises of great-

er quantitles have been made from time to time, ‘

but the improvement so far is insigniﬁcant.”

ARMY HORSES AVERAGE $230~
EACH AT AN ENGLISH SALE

 
The highest price paid at a recent sale of sur-
plus army horses in Great Britain was $408, ﬁfty
horses averaged $230, twenty mules were sold and
made up to $117. At another sale, where 95 hors-
es and 10 mules were offered, the prices ranged
from $276 down, the average being $146.

Why, these are almost as high prices as Ameri-
can farmers are getting for horses and mules!

The snowy top of Mount Everest in India is
plainly visible to the unaided eye from points 107

The Brazilian Government plans to establish
and maintain manual training schools in every
state in the Republic.

Twenty—one battleships were added to the Brit-
ish Navy during the war. .

 
STATE AGRICULTURAL BRIEFS

 
additional assistant secretaries during the emerg-
ency. It is probable that provision will be made in
the regular appropriation bill for 1920, which is
now under consideration by the Congress, for
not more than two assistant secretaries. As the
department now has two assistant secretaries and
as the emergency has passed, the existing vacancy
will not be ﬁlled. *

' In the withdrawal of Carl Vrooman the farm-
ers lose one or, their best and most\"practical
friends in the entire Department of Agriculture.
Whilst—his associates contented themselves with
following in the old, old trail beaten out by the
early agricultural leaders, Mr. Vrooman had the
courage and the foresight to strike boldly out up-
on new trails leading to the solution of modern
marketing problems, and many of the recent in-

’ novations of the department in this direction are

credited to Mr. Vrooman’s untiring efforts.

CANADA THISTLE, AND THE
. .IdETHOD OF EXTERMINATION

 
Every once'in awhile we get an inquiry from a
reader asking for information on the eradication
of the Canadian thistle. Nearly‘every farmer at
some time or other, has had this pestiferous weed
to... contend with. Those who have persistently

waged... war against its ﬁrst appearance have us-
.ually been successful in checking its spread and
killing the grOwth, but those, who failed to go after
lt,‘either_ because of procrastination or ignorance,
have, paid the penalty many times over for their

. neglect in :ehoked ﬁelds and ruined crops. Can-

- ada"thi§tle;"‘d€hv be eradicated, but it takes persis-

_,.‘tent.intelligentsifort to do it. If there is any
ﬁrmer-hull: trOubled by this weed, we would ad-

visehimtdlvﬂto rthje,_:Division of Publications, U.

. Th”!- prcbsmy: will 1,. :33; Department s: Agriculture, Washington. D. 0.,
~to;_ supply all reasonable mum . T ‘ ..
» Wish 'to purchase. staggerigg

assigns; to; is. ctspyg “Farmers Bulletin No. 1002,
{valiannssnibesmenmada thistle and methods of
draft . " . '- - ,,

 
,ard pack that will denote quality and honesty

'to no more than it usually does.

00rrunna—~Shiawassee county will dispense
with its county agent for the ensuing year, but
the farm bureau organization will be maintained.
For various reasons the county agent plan did not '
meet with the approval of the farmers. Dr. Mum-
ford, head of the county agents, admitted that it ,.
had not been a Whooping success in Shiawassee
county, but thought the beneﬁts had been com-
mensurate with thr expense. He said that many
counties had gone thru the same experience, and
then had made success of the work. He said that
the farm expert idea was obnoxious to some farm-
ers because they didn’t like “having an expert
coming and telling them how to run their farm.”
He explained that by making the farm bureau the
supreme unit and the agent working under it, it
was hoped to eliminate the objectionable features
of the county agent plan.

Millburngt is the purpose of the Millburg
Fruit Growers' Ass’n to specialize the coming
season in the growth of ﬁne melons and special
efforts will be made to put the fruit up in stand-1

wherever it goes. Michigan fruit growers need
for more honestly packed fruit that can carry the
stamp of a guarantee has only been partially met.
Fruit men have a long way yet to go before put-
ting up an article that will compete successfully
with the best from certain other states.

Munith.-—-The farmers of this vicinity are get-
ting in line to organize a co-Operative live stock
shipping Ass'n. Some opposition has developed
to the plan by local shippers, but it will amount
The farmer
should logically market his own products. It is
the independent shipper and not the farmer who
is the actuallinvader in the ﬁeld of marketing.

,Bark Riven—Farmers from the south part of
Delta county will meet Feb. 15th to complete

 
plans for a cO-Operative buying and selling asso-_
ciation. County Agent Pattison is largely respons-i
ible for stirring up the sentiment for co—operaé
tive marketing. - .

‘Thompsomﬁl .
been --appointe
county to carr
ganized farm

. L. Kraker of New York an
agricultural agent for Ben
out the wishes of the newl.
ureau. ' 1's ‘- ‘

 
F... handitto‘ sleigh“)? and so help to W thiﬁﬂm

  
A.‘

  
. 34...

~ ’ . .ﬂE. .G’LEANE'R r
"Founded- by Grant llooum in 1894’

 
" BATURDAY, Faustino: s, 1919

' Published every Saturday by the
. DUBAI. PUBLISHING OQMPANY, INC.
" I . MT. CLEMENS, MICE.
.- gVDetroit omce: 110 Fort St. Phone. Cherry m0 ‘
, ‘ . ‘ ”President and Contributi mm
. ‘ roman ...... v...Vice-President an?! Editor
a : GEO. M. SLOCUM. .Seoretary-v'rreasurer and Publisher
Associates
2 . , ~~ ...... . ...... Vet . '
Ill. Brow Wm

Wt
L Department
Schalok. . . . . . . . . . . .Clroulat remnant

Win '
-0NE ﬁrms. 53 ISSUES, 01m DOLLAJ:
1!!!!“ Yuan. 150 Isoues ......... : ............. 32.00

in You-s. 260, Issues ...................... “M”

J Advertising Rates: Forty-five cents P" agate line.
14 lines to the column inch, 764 lines to 903°-
Mn Stock uni Auction Sale “vol-Mint: W° offer
special low rates to reputable breeders of live “091‘
and poultry; write us for them.

OUR GUARANTEED ADVERTISERS
W0 respectfully ask our readers to favor our adver-
1‘! When possible. Their catalogs and prices are
cheerfully sent tree, and we guarantee you against loss
WW“!!! you say when writing or ordering from them,
‘I 33" your ad. in my Michigan Business Farming.

Entered as second-class matter. at Mt. Clemens, Mich.

Land for Soldiers; Less Money for Farmers

ARMS FOR soldiers,——bought, cleared,

equipped and cultivated,~——at government
expense! Good! Providing the soldiers want
’em.‘ But why not also grocery stores, hard-
-ware stores, candy stores, manufactories and
other commercial enterprises,—-bought and
stocked at government expense,——for the sol-
. diers who cannot farm or do not want to
farm?

(Business of all grocers, hardware, candy mer:
chants and manufacturers rising to their feet in
unanimous and indignant protest.)

“V’Vhat,” we hear them exclaim with one
accord, “establish a. million more mercantile
stores at the taxpayers’ expense to compete
with us? Absurd! Infamousl It would put
us out of business! Let the soldiers farm.”

But is not farming just as much a business
as commercial trading or manufacturing? Do
not its proﬁts depend to a large extent upon
the same laws of supply and demand? ShOuld
not the ﬁnancial interests of those engaged in
farming be as carefully protected by the gov-.
ernment as the ﬁnancial interests of those
whose money is invested in other business
lines? Does the government have the inter-
ests of the farmers in mind when it proposes
to encourage and assist in the wholesale recla-
mation of land for settlement by soldiers
who thereby become active competitors of all
others engaged in the business of farming?

A review of the world’s supplies and re-
quirements of foods has just been completed.
It shows that there is very nearly, if not quite
sufﬁcient food stocks on hand now to meet all
needs until another harvest.
enough/farms, (food factories, if you please)
in the United States to produce all the food
that is needed next year, if production be
only normal. The product of every new food
factory that might be established thru the
good graces of the government would simply
be so much surplus for which there would be
no demand, and theoretically speaking, no
market.

Of course, the farming industry is of such
magnitude that the opening of a few new
farms here and there would be scarcely felt.
But should this reclamation and develop-
ment project proposed by the government
contemplate the placing of several hundred
thousand soldiers on new farms. and it now
‘ appears that that is exactly what it contem-

plates, the resultant crop increase would cer-
tainly 'mean a disastrous over-production
which would drive many farmers out of bus-
iness. '

It is highly commendable for the govern,-
ment and the various states to provide occu-
pations fer returning soldiers.
steps are taken along that line. shOuld be, by
7 and with the advice of those already engaged
in those occupations. It is neither wise nor
inst to place large numbers of returned ‘sol-

THE suonrxon‘oi

There are now '

But whatever '

case-1w o v, ' .
slmilarily once 4 .
farm help and the-
recent impertation ofMencon labor for-
cibly reminds us of SaerMamm’s pre-
diction a year ‘or so ago. that eventually all
farm labor would be performed”"by Chinese
coolies; Sir Hiram opinedthat rural life is
developing a caste similar to. that of the city,

and that the prosperous farmer and his family

art, rapidly coming to thepoint where they
consider manual labor quite ‘beneath their
station and depend altogether upon hired

help. Of course. that would necessarily mean .

cheap help; and cheap help and Chinese labdr
are practically synonymous terms.

Sir Hiram hit wide of the mark. The aver-
age American farmer will never disdain to
use his hands. Nevertheless, no matter how
willing he may be he cannot do all the Work;
neither can he aﬂord to pay theincreasing
wage demanded by American farm laborers.
Industrial prosperity and \high city wages.
will continue to draw menfrom the country
to the city. Only those of the lowest intelli-
gence and meanest ambitions will be content
to remain on farms at the wages oﬁered. For
that reason, farmers should be greatly inter-
ested in the immigration subject now before
Congress.

For many years the United States has been

‘called the melting pot. But as. someone re—

minds us, it is a melting pot that does not
melt. Our gates have been thrown wide open
to the oppressed of other lands. The keys
to our golden vaults of opportunity have been
placed unreservedly in their hands. We have
hidden them to help. themselves .to the boun-
tiful 'fts which nature has bestowed upon
us. End so they have come; entered our
gates; unlocked our vaults; and helped them-
selves to all the good things about them.
They have become typically American in their
industry, and that is all. In the main, na-
tive customs and habits have clung to them

segregating them into little clannish groups

apart from the other peoples of the commun-
ities in which they live. In thought and
sympathies they are still as much a part of
the countries from which they came as though
they had never left'their native shores. Our
immigration laws have been too kind; they
have encouraged the building up of many lit-
tle nations within our borders. For the sake
of our future national unity these little na-
tions 'must be broken up and the immigration
laws made more stringent. ‘

But just as our immigration laws of the
past have been too broad, so there is danger
of making them too narrow. The American
laborer is no longer content to handle shovel
and pick, or to perform the work of a beast
of burden. He is becoming a specialist, using
his brains more and his hands less. Somebody
must take his place in the greatranks of the
untrained where the only qualiﬁcations for
a job are willing hands and hard. muscles.
That somebody must come from foreign lands,
—Italy, Greece, Russia, Poland, Germany, Lu-
thania, Scandinavia,—yes, and perhaps even
China and Mexico. Forthe cheapest Ameri-
can wage is a princely dower to the man who
has toiled at the slave wage of the old-world'
countries. ..

We can see absolutely no solution to the

farm labor problem except the employment of ‘

foreign labor. The immigration laws should
be so constructed as to admit desirable peo-
ples of other lands when he domestic labor
supply runs low, and to put up the gates When
there is a man for every job and a job for
every man. , - ' ’ ‘ ’

V'Well, after. all, if- farmers cannot
market for- their beans, theyicanraiso
next year;

 
A two of its severest

hey don’t hays to won-yam
a markgt for that,” 1

. . . . . arse-‘rbotﬁ‘lﬁ _Jl’" .
election a, algibst the ppak of those crises, .; ,
both threw devm. the gaantlet” mnrprgssion‘

and shackled human rights,- bath were as-
sailed upon substanﬁsﬂy the samo grounds f i '

and by substantially thesaurus class .of‘people,"

inspired by"m1bstanu7aiiy"the same unworthy
motives; and both enjoyed the ﬁrst fruits of 4 ‘

victory for the cause for which tiny fought.

But there the duality of their careers end-

ed. The assasin’s bullet laid the great Lin- ‘

eolnlowataperiodwhmhisugeeoumeIVL ’

and wonderful statesmanship were most need-
ed. Another took up the shattered ends of ‘

an all but-dismembered nation and. pieced ; -: V

them together as best he could: President
Wilson still lives, and. by the grace of God _'
may he continue to live until the greatest
task ever laid before mortals is ﬁnished and
peace and righteousness reign forever more.

We of today can scarcely understand how -
men could have ridiculed and blasphemed the
kind and patient Lincoln back in those trying ’
days of the early sixties. Living in the light *
of a history that Lincoln’s critics could'not
forsee, we forgive,'—indeed, there are ‘few of
us who can even recalL—the little mistakes
that Lincoln made which the rabble would
have used tonndo him.

Fifty years hence posterity will have en-
tirely forgotten—for history will have' failed-
to record the comparatively trivial fact,—that
President Wilson ﬁxed a price on .farmerS’
wheat. They will be spared the humiliating,
knowledge that a great president,“ in an un- ;
guarded moment, descended from his emi-
nence to mix in ‘a political embroglio. To, L
them the unwise acts of a"! President who was
after all only human will be a closed book. V

Just as we take our sons upon our knees i

today and read tothem in reverential; tones .: '

the story of Lincoln, so will our sons take f
their oifspring, and some of us even our grand- (
children upon our knees ﬁfty years hence and i
tell them the story of Wilson; not as an em-
.ancipator of a single race, but as an emanci-
pater of all races, the founder of the League
of Nations that binds all mankind in a com- 5
mon brotherhood. ’

Register, Farm Women!

HERE’S JUST one thought that we ’
. want you Michigan farm women to regis- ?
ter in your minds the next few days. IF YOU

DON’T REGISTER ON ‘OR BEFORE

FEBRUARY 11TH so YOU CAN vorn f
AT THE SPRING ELECTION, YOU’RE :
GOING TO REGRET IT. I" 7

Mebbe you’ve made up your mind you ‘
don’t want to vote. Well, you don’t have to.
But you never resolved that you wouldn’t _
REGISTER, did you? You can’t vote unless 1
you REGISTER, but you are not obliged to
vote if you do REGISTER. Even if you’re
dead set against voting, go and REGISTER ,
anyway. Why! Because between new and ‘
election day things wili transpire that Will
either make you thank God that you regis_
tered, or perhaps regret to your dying day ,.
that you did not register. That’s pretty”
strong, isn’t it? It’s true, nevertheless. To '
want to vote when you haven ’t registered is ‘
about like wanting. to make apologies to the ,

,friend who has just died. Take our tip,_...

REGISTER.

, New bills are going into the “hopper" over
1131331331118 133736116 bushel. Here’s hoping
that they will use the clover-seed screen in '
the legislative fanning mill _ when the ' ﬁnal

f dean-up comes; , a.

A 16W days ago we received a letter from a A ,

ﬁrmer ('3) telling'_u§ Why farmers o . in '-
' > ‘ 5,19; “the light“ Wino'and beer amenufmeno

gm mvuedﬁmm ,. M

 
._ .. Free Markets .. .
, HE NATIONAL secretary of the Fed?»
oration of Labor appeared before the

  
{‘"at'fWashington recently, and in his address
. {g told. how anxious organized labor was to help
_ Tithe farmer get into the city with his prodUCtS;
: Asked what steps the Federation had taken
‘ ' ' : along the lines. of. cooperating, with the farm-
: 'er, andhe told of the activities of furnishing
é ' : “free farmers’ markets” in the larger cities.
. I _ “Free markets” sounds good to the labor-
‘ ~ ing man, but “free labor” is a horse of an-
. other color. In other words, laboring men or-
-._ . ganize for the purpose cf securing a fair
,3 5 ,price for the commodity they have to sell,
‘ they demand that the shops of the nation
; '_ shall he closed against non-union men, that
. , , all Workers shall be, members of the union and
' get. a living price for labor, this price to be

. determined by the men themselves.
. Then they turn right around and advocate
; “free markets,”
ers bring the products _,of their labor, and,
competing withone another in an open mar-
ket, unorganized and ununionized—they ’ re-
, ceive for their products of brain and mhscle
\ _, _‘ , the price ﬁxed by a competitive market. On
. ' the one hand advocating. organized control,

  
" _markets”——the law of supply and demand en-
, forced ;- fair prices: and a living ’wage abso
. lutely ignored. ' '
Thus it would seem that what is ‘sauee for

.v the goose is NOT" sauce for the, gander." La-
bor demands a living wage; labor demands
-' the-recognition of the labor unions; labor de-
mands a substantial share of the wealth , it

creates. The principle is right .and the de-
mand just, but why ndt ask that the farmer,

who is likewise a producer, receive the same

‘E consideration? Should the workingman dc-
' .mand- for his portion the highest. wages or-
, ganized effort can procure and then advocate

‘ that those who supply his needs for daily

‘ ' . living wage‘l, .
,, ~ ? The workin-gmen of the nation have some
- ,'. more lessons to learn. They have fought
. 4 r against organized capital and have partially
,3 won their ﬁght—but did it ever occur to some
I of these Well-meaning leaders that the men
and women of, the nation who operate the
bass: machinery, agriculture, should be con-
‘ Sideredl Free markets, 'freecompetition in-
_ - , ';, deed. , Felham well "said: “Show me a inan
. ; Who would go to heaven alone, and I. will
’ show you a man who ,woiﬂd not be admitted
‘ there.” /__- , '
The Hatchet- That Helped to Make
Michigan Dry
a, , ENTUCKY'was, noted as the state of
l distilleries ;. it also has the distinction of
l ‘ being the state in which Carrie Nation was.
7:53 born. When quite a young miss, Carrie mar.
“ med a Kentuckian, who later became addict-
l ‘ ed to the use of liquor, which not only de-
l‘, stroyed their happiness but ate up their little
t, home and farm, and ﬁnally the husband and
.1 father was/laid to rest in a drunkardls grave.
-" The years. of sorrowing and suffering and
a ﬁnally the loss of the husband, caused the
~_ young widow to form an intense hatred for
__ the open saloon. , , g
‘ ‘ ‘ Later she moved to Kansas, where she mar-
' ymiedDzivid Nation, who sympathized with
, 711,617; pridhibition tendencies, and helped her in
- gi‘determination she had formed to ﬁght the .

 
Farmers’ National Reconstruction Congress

where a. multitude of farm- .

on the other hand advocating “competitive -

food sell at prices which. will not bring, a,

' their, coin Without making faces.

ﬁrst she; called upon the Saloon- - ,
withthem and‘urge'd'them to . '
ﬁKansas_,being‘; at that;
The‘booze gang" made '

fun at her eforts, and in several cases the
bar-keepersthrew her out into the streets.
She was not: easily discouraged, however, and
ﬁrmly kept her resolve. '
» On December 27, 1900, she armedrherself
with a hatchet, and entering the splendidly
_~ pointed bar-room of the Carry Hotel in
‘ichita, Kansas, proceeded to smash her
ﬁrst saloon. Before the surprised bar-tender
and the bar-room loafers realized what was
happening, she made a wreck of the bar and
furniture, and then visiting other saloons
she repeated the performance until she ﬁnal-
ly landed in jail.

The next morning the people of Kansas,
who had allowed matters to go from bad to
worse, for the ﬁrst time realized that the open
saloon still existed in Kansas, and that booze
had a ﬁrm hold on state and city governments.
An investigation was made; more stringent
laws enacted, and Carrie Nation lived to see
Kansas 3. bone-dry state. Later she visited
other states and smashed other bar-rooms,
until ﬁnally she had aroused the people to
the point where they were willing to take
matters into their hands and banish the curse.

Finally she visited many of the larger
cities of the United States on a lecture tour.
She was not popular in the roll of a‘lecturer,
but drew immense audiences, nevertheless,
people attending in droves out of sheer cur-
iosity. Few approved her methods of attack;
none doubted her sincerity. Now that more
than two-thirds of the states have ratiﬁed

the National Constitutional Amendment, and.

the Nation will soon be dry, the name of
Carrie Nation and the fame of her little
hatchet is revived. Who will say that she
did not add impetus to the movement then
under way, to drive the open saloon and its
attendant evils from the land. Let the
“hatchet” be one of the emblems of the rude
stone which marks the resting place of King
Alcohol. '

We Must All Chip in and Pay the “Fiddler”

'ULY 31, 1914, the combined indebtedness

/ of the nations of the world was ﬁgured at
$27,000,000,000. Four years have passed,
and the gross indebtedness of the nations has
increased to over $200,000,000,000; and the
end is not yet, for millions more must- be ad-
ded before the armies are demobilized.

The burden of ﬁnancing the world has fal—
len upon seven nations, yet there is not a
single nation, Whether engaged in the struggle
or not, that has wholly escaped the cost.
Kaiser Bill certainly started the ﬁnancial ball
rolling when he gave the command for his
armies to advance, and the people of Germany
will pay through coming generations for the
insane acts of a mad ruler.

The war bill must be paid, and the ’people
must, in the last analysis,~ “chip in and pay
the ﬁddler,” even though the music furnished
"was for a real war, dance. People generally
mustprepare to meet the damages of, the
federal government, and should " pay over
Each na-
tion has its problem to meet, and it should be
remembered that this nation has the lowest
per capi‘ta debt, therefore is best able to pay
the war bills when presented.

The immense saving of money that is going
to result from the abolition of the liquor traf—
ﬁc 1s'going a long way toward paying the war

. bill, and the good old U. S. A. will, no doubt

P388 thru the experience without disturbing
general .bminess' to any appreciable extent.
It’s a-mlghty big‘sum to pay for the privilege

of'cntering the vibrld war, but the principles,
involved and'tho victory won for an everlast- ‘

inguorld Felice is well worth the cost and
sacriﬁce.5_ _ " .. ‘

, isn’tit, that those who buy farm

. - 4 manipulate \markets to their

_- ’w worrying .yabout future

‘ the open country, who will in the future, as,

   
prices! And while they sing their calamiv _,
ditties President Wilson is wiring home for
food for the starving people of the war-tom
nations across the seas. Right now it is good
to promise not to get excited; rocking the
boat when a high sea is running is very den-1;
genus and foolish as well. . - "
“If They‘ Would—Will They?—-Oh, No l”
‘ N HIS FAMOUS message to Congress on;
the importance of agriculture and the need) _
of encouraging the farmers of the Nation,
Mr. Roosevelt said: “Upon the development
of country life rests ultimately our ability,
by methods of farming requiring the highest .
intelligence, to continue to feed the hungry
nations. We need the development of men in

   
in the past, be the stay and strength of the
nation.” . .

And yet political parties give the farmers
of the Nation very little consideration. Here
in Michigan we have an agricultural college,
one of the ﬁrst instituted and one among the
best of its kind in the United States. Thru'
the Board of Agriculture, which is composed
of six men, more than one million dollars is '
spent to promote the interests of agriculture,
to develop farming, the farm and the farmer.
No state institution spends a larger sum of
money annually. .

There is not one single practical farmer on.
the Michigan Board of Agriculture——not one. .
Bankers, men at the head of great trust com-
panies, president of sugar companies, repro-
sentatives of railway corporations—all good
men, ’tis true, but not one practical farmer!
That the make-up of the board is neither just
to the farmer, the tax—payers or the consum-
ers of the state, all will freely admit. That
Mr. Doherty and Mr. Graham, the two mem—
bers whose terms expire in April, have had
all the honors of the ofﬁce, these gentlemen
will admit.

The farmers have asked the republican
party to nominate J. Whitney Watkins, a
practical farmer, and Mrs. Dora Stockman,
a farmer’s wife, as their candidates for the
April election. No one will question the
ability of these farmer candidates for a mom-
ent. If Mr. Doherty and Mr. Graham would
step down and out and the republicans WOuld-
nominate these farmer candidates the college .
would grow in power and inﬂuence by leaps . 3
and bounds. And if the republicans would
so- far forget partisanship as to take this ac-
tion, we will wager that the democrats would .
make it unanimous, either by refusing to '
place candidates in nomination 'or by endors- .
ing the farmer candidates.

Will these gentlemen step gracefully down?
Will the republicans nominate the farmer
candidates? Will the democrats be given a
chance to either “ﬁsh or cut bait” on this
proposition? Oh, no. Through some partis-
an manipulation the state constitution pro-
vides that members of the Board of Agricul- , I
ture shall be chosen under the old conventions
system; the old “three notices on the back.
barn door” caucus plan. So the people have.
a mighty slim chance to get a look-in—and ‘
therefore we “humbly beg, fervently pray.
etc.” '

Roosevelt also said : “lam well aware that
the working farmers themselves will, in the
last. resort have to solve the problem " for
themselves; but, as it also aﬁects in only-less '
degree all the rest of us, it is not only our 5
duty, but in our interest,,to see if we can'
render any help towards making the solution
more satisfactory.”

Will you, Mr. Farmer, ask the privilege
reading the above paragraph at your co,
convention? It will have its inﬂuence '
no doubt Mr. Roosevelt’s life and ‘ .
will be greatly eulo- _ 1/
gized‘ on this occa— 1’ , - ’ / ’ ’
m. > a ' a J Ir ,

 
A, ._.. We-
’ . ‘ WWW,” mus-‘4..-

     
The Single Taxer

«h .I'National Farmers’ Congress on Reconstruc-

'held at Washington, D. 0., outlined a plan -

ich was broad and generous to the extent of
o rlooking the best Interests of the farmer.
Should agriculture be allowed to overlook its own
test interests at a time when in all justice to hu-
manity it needs stimulation? Why is it that “idle
“acres held for speculation” are not classed with
natural resources? Is it because so many acres
have already been mined to barrenness? Surely
much of. our land is becoming a liability rather
than an asset under present methods but there are

also many fertile lowlands which may be made

'very productive by drainage and a limited amount
of fertile highland.

,_ Under the heading “Natural ~Resources” the
. Farmers' Congress resolved “that it is a solemn
. .gobligation devolving upon the country not to alien-
? ate any more of these natural resources either by
patent or lease but to develops and hold them in
trust for. this and succeeding generations. Such
of these natural resources as are now in private
ownership should be acquired by the government
at the earliest possible opportunity, payment to be
only for actual and prudent investment.” Under

the heading "Agriculture” it resolved that "taxa-.

tion should be used as a remedy to force into pro-
ductivity idle acres held for Speculation ”

Possibly the coming generations can do without
food if they have plenty of the things which the
F‘armers' Congress call natural resources, viz:
Coal, iron and copper ores, timber lands phosphate
deposits, potash, gas oil, etc., but I am doubtful
and_I believe that if we have idle acres now held
for speculative purposes, which are productive,
they are the most important of our natural re-
sources. By all the laws they should be acquired
by the government, “payment to be only for actual
and prudent investment." Make a permanent ag-
riculture proﬁtable and this land will be rapidly
settled by soldier, laborer and other consumers.
Tax farm lands heavier and more peOple will try to
live on gas. oil and garbage.

If idle farm lands were acquired by the govern-
ment on a basis of prudent investment the taxes
on surrounding territory would be materially low-
ered. Farm lands are considered prudent invest-
ments at any price simply because it is not gen-
I‘erally understood that many farmers die before
they should from overwork and lack of proper
nourishment. The average farmer of today is
, ruining his digestion by selling his good food and
eating the poor in an attempt to make a "living."

The “single taxer" is right in theory. The pro-
duEt of labor should not be taxed if owned by the
laborer. Neither should true intelligence be taxed
but so long as we have business rules dominated
by selﬁsh intelligence these men must be made to
bear their 'share of the burden. True. intelligence
means generosity. It is still noticeable among
farmers. I prove it by this unselﬁsh reconstruc-
tion program. This unselﬁshness was inherited
from our forefathers who lived in “clearings" and
ate wisely of roast pig and pumpkin pie. It. will
not last another generation under present. condi-
tions. If Christianity were practiced instead of
preached by the single taxers we would need no
system of taxation but until then let’s make him
“come across" with his share of the dues. Let's
work for better food. Let’s~make it proﬁtable for
, the consumer to aid in production. Let the tidy
. homes on speculators' lands be permanently oc-
cupied by people of the cities who wish to help.

The single taxer can force unproﬁtable land out
of the speculators’ hands but he cannot force it in-
to use for very long by taxation. Our unused fer-
tile lands should be bought by the government on a
basis of "prudent investment."—-—Stanley Warner,
Barry county.

Is Organization the “Cure-A11?”

Knowing that M B F. is willing to present
" -_both sides of a question I submit the following:
7‘ In the- farm press I keep reading so much
"about the great cure-ali,“organ1zation” just as
though there were scarcely any organizations in
the country. On paper at least, some wirters seem

fully bent on bringing about a sort of interns?

tionalism, Individualism is being sought out and
roundly denounced as an evil. Other and deeper
‘ thinkers are defending the right kind of indi-
'v’idualism, that is the kind without selﬁshness and

,More and more "organization”. simply forces
It arrays .. '

cost or living higher and higher.

.a heaven below But Whatfarej

consumer is a [poor
mounting prices. It “or
to accomplish halt the '

e actual condi-
tions? Are the people really contented and satis-

~ ﬂed With high prices? Temporal things alone, we

know, are incapable of satisfying the higher na-
ture of man. ,

We know that individuals have many and ser-
ious faults. Can the shortcomings of human na-
ture be eliminated by the simple ' precess of or-.
ganizing? -
idealistic tendencies and the superﬁcial thinking
of most Americans, but what are the real un-
colored facts?

We believe the farmer, as much or more than
other classes, thinks of the poor, and those who

[have just barely enough to pay living expenses
for wife and children from week to week. The or-W

dinary worker in the city is nearer bankruptcy

 
HOLDING n} UP

 
Such a process may appeal to the ,

 
——-Orr, in Chicago Tribune

vently trust that the farmers of the United States,

will never consent to be organized like the big
corporations. Let the middleman be curbed by

all means, and then give a bigger slice to the pro-

ducer and the consumer.

Again, what are the churches doing with the.

than most people stop to realize. Corporations. it
has been said. are soulless; We believe and fer»
humanitarian teachings of their Master, Jesus
Christ? What about the scores \of lodges" with

their ritualistic teachings of the great brother-

hood of man? Are their voices blended and lost
in the worship of materr al things?

Let us not exchange chart and compass for
beautiful dreams and ideals on paper. Organ-
ization. system, eﬁiciency,.etc., etc., one and all
are simply powerless to cleanse our human—na-
tures of greed, avarice, self-seeking, fear and
heartlessness. The} heart-cleansing power of the
Christ alone is sufﬁcient for that, and for impart-

ing inward peace to sin-tossed men and women.—-,

R .F. Lamm, Hillsdale county.
Swift & Co. Reply to Uncle “Rube",

In MICHIGAN BUSINESS FABMINQ of Jan. 11th,
“Uncle Rube" states that if Swift & Company
were really making the small margin of proﬁt
claimed it would not be necessary to tell of it,
because it would be evident in the price of meats.
In other words, he believes that meat is high in

price because of the proﬁts made by the packers.

We believe “Uncle Rube" would not have made
that statement had be known that since Novem—
ber 1st, 1917, the large packers have been under

government regulations by which’their profits in. .

the meat section of the business were limited to
9 per cent on the capital employed or not to ex.-
ceed 2% per cent on the sales.
pany’s certified statement for the ﬁscal year end-
ing November. 2,1918 .
well within the iimi

Swift & Com- .

that its proﬁts are .

averages; _ ‘ ._. ,: a ‘ ‘ ' .
1915, $11.42 per owt. 1918 $17. 77 per cwt. Ind"

crease, 56 per cent. 1
Swift & Company is

other way available to put the facts before the
public.

The business of the large packers. is misunder- 7

stood largely becauseyery few people understand
the relationship of volume or business to proﬁts.
The fact that meat prices are high lends color,
to “the misrepresentations put out by the Federal

Trade Commission, and people are easily led to, .
believe that they pay high prices only because ....
But 7 '

the packers make an unreasonable proﬁt.
here is a statement that no one can disprove. If '
the packers made no proﬁt whatsoever the con- '
sumer would not be able to buy meat any cheaper
because the profit is only a fraction of a cent per
pound. ——Sw_tft & Company, per 0. 0. Matthias,
Oomerctal Research Department. _

Tax Exemption for Farm Lea-n Banks .

The Mortgage Bankers’ Ass’ 11 is working quietly
to secure the repeal of‘one of the most beneﬁcial
features of the Federal Farm Loan act. ‘

Double taxation has been thebane of progress."
sive farmers. Under'the old system if the farmer
put a mortgage on his farm to secure some needed .. ,
improvements in buildings, live stock or otherwise

he paid taxes on his improvements and also on ‘ »

the borrowed money; indirectly, of course, but ‘
just as certainly as if he paid direct to the tax
collector.

This put him at an immense disadvantage with
the farmer who was satisﬁed to keep scrub stock
and to house them in tumbledown sheds, with not
much better housing foi- his family, in order to
keep out of debt. ’

If the mortgage bankers feel that the tax ex-
emption clause of the Federal Farm Loan act - '
puts them at a disadvantage, let them work to
assume either federal or state legislation to remove .
this unjust burden from all farm mortgages, in~
stead of working to saddle back upon the farmer _
the severe handicap he has just succeeded in
throwing off in the race for success.

Mortgage bankers have the advantage or

”wealth, and are able to employ lobyists, and with

a new congreSs coming in that is likely to turn a
listening ear to criticism of the enactments of
the preceding one, it behooves the progressive

. farmers of the country who desire to enjoy mod-

ern conveniences—and to borrow money if neces‘
sary, without paying two taxes—to stand as a .
u'nit against a» repeal of any of the .beneﬂcient
features of the Federal Farm Loan act.

After two years of expense in organization, the -
bank of this district is now on ‘an earning basis,
and for a farmer to be able to borrow at 3 or 4
per cent the current money will be a new and
pleasant experience, if the whole thing" is not
kicked over by the powerful lobby ‘of moneyed
interests which is being formed for this purpose.

MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMING, judging from the
good work this paper has been doing to bring all
the various farmer organizations together, in prep.
seating a solid phianx of power in the interests
of the farmer, can be relied upon no doubt in

‘ resisting such a movement.

If the farmers go to sleep I am quite certain of

V what will happen. Watch for the ear-marks of a

wide-spread propaganda which will go thru the
press.
be this argument, that the rich are’dodging tan.
tion by investing in Farm Loan Bonds, which are“ ‘
non-taxable. ,‘This argument has a‘lWays been;

effective in keeping this double tax burden upon

the farmer. I have known cases where farmers;
mortgaged to the limit have been deceived by it
and have talked and voted for a mortgage tax
when the measure was before the Michigan legis- "
lature only to discover that the money-lender

\3..,§1mply increased his rate of interest to cover the'

. ey or federal t]

It should up so to
k

inst class. Does not the consumer payzf

b , 839.111 practically all cases? The “system"

 
‘ tax. -——Geo. B. Smith, Lenmoee county. .

 
advertising its, service be- :-
cause ,most people do not understand whot. that. I 1;
service means to them, and because there is no :2‘

One a: the ear-marks you will notice will , “

 
\

1 -.~
1-

 
, 1, earring is _best;v com;
,sﬁprayingaand new. often; 1 When. AS: the
i time to ‘ .
asa'h'otel man but that business, inr‘small ‘

  
g, and-“am looking for. advices—931losz
~an-- " . - 2 -; i ' .
. i' graham? the best and meeti’jiraetical ’remedy‘
, for treating potatoes ferfscab is to treat the seed
with the formaldehyde solution, mixing a pound
V of formaldehyde to 50 gallons of water. Put your
_ potatoes in a barrel, pour this solution over them
. li'until theyrare...xall submerged ‘and lean; them
* fstanding in, it. for» three hours and then draw off

 
.J ‘j‘ the water, spread out the potatoes to dry and .
' they can be cut. and planted whenever desired.

_ Spraying the growing t0ps of potatoes will have
» ‘: no affect whatevef‘on sc‘ab. This, however, will
, protect them against potato blight. .Spraying
, should be done with BordeauxqmiXture and the
' sooner you begin spraying’after they come up the
~ better, altho most people do ”not spray until the
' tops are about half groWn, then they should be

, sprayed at least once a week. Sometimes Weath-

er conditions favor the growth of the spores ”and ‘
it is advisable to spray oftener than that. The
Bordeaux mixture will prevent the blight 'to a
large extent and you will have a better yield of
-potatoes.-'—-Qolon 0. Lillie. '

Pruning, of ,most fr'uit trees, should be done
chieﬂy in late Winter and early spring While the
branches are still dormant. On account of the
”predicted visitthisyear of the “17-year locusts,”
the I18. Department pf Agriculture advises that
all pruning operations should be neglected this
"Winter and spring. .

 
' - ' Who OWnsATrees Encroaching on Highway?
‘ Thereﬁs avpublic road. On one side" is a farm
and. on. theo'ther side is wild land covered with
“trees up to the Wheel track. Who has the right
g‘lits-?-—R. F. DJ, Sherman, Mich.
Section .4483 of C. L. provides as follows: “All
i trees standing “or lying on any land over which
any grlhighvVayshall be laid out, shall be for the
proper use of the Owner ofgsuch land or person
otherwise entitled thereto, except such of them as
may be requisite to make or repair the highways
or» bridge on the same land or within one mile
:of the same; but no tree reserved for shade or
I, ornament shall rho-usedio‘r such purposes."
1~Sectionlgi467 ..prori-des : as "tollowsz; _ “Shade
» trees shall be planted, [along both sides to: the
'public- highway at theiuni’fcirm distance, as near
- as‘ may be, of sixty feet apart, and notices than
twenty-three nor. more than twenty-ﬁve feet frdm
.. ‘ the ‘centerlinesofthehighwaybut the township
I5 heard of any township may directﬁaslto the dis-
‘lgtancé‘ which trees jInay be Setffrom each other
; or from the outer line’ 'of ’the’jhighway. ‘All trees
- now growing upon the—"sides. of "anyhighway and
. all ._trees,,that may be hereafterplantedthereon”,
standing morethan sixty feet apart shall ' be pre-_
served and shall ,not» be injured or'removed' unl-
‘. less by direction- of‘ the commissioner-40f "high-
',ways and with Consent of the ovvner adjoining

' obstruct the “travel. on the highways? Provided,
That the provisions of thlschapter’in whole orjin ‘
part shall notbe deemed mandatory initown‘ships
inl‘vﬂiich-Ithe~ electors may, by vote at a township
meeting; thus'determine.”r _ “4f.
““"I-n‘ a case." involving shade "trees the,..st’lpre7me

prune my trees?’ Have spent along f‘

reasons to the bad, so I' decided-to buys .

to cut the'timber growing within the road lime

Jand’ unless such" trees shall interfereswjtg; . .01‘ ‘-

 
3 here, but pots-tees were poor. I. have a
I that is not plowed yet: would you ad-
:' toput. it all intO' petatoes, or part in

 
"t Corn has not ripened here good lately.

  
‘f . Would you advise trying” it this year? Also cu-

...cugmbersjfor pickles; do you think will be good
aforh‘ay .here;,-is it liable to be frosty here?—
;W. W. 0., Karlin.

‘ Most of the land in the Grand Traverse region
Will grow splendid crops of potatoes. I suppose
that‘some people would call this soil sandy loam
rather than a clay loam. If there is not too much
clay potatoes will «do well, and where this crop
does do well it is about as good a crop to grow
as one can- possibly grow. _The possibilities in
potato growing are quite fascinating. With con-
ditions right you can grow 300 bushels of pota-
toes per acre. Very often they will sell at $1 a.
bushel, but even-though they do sell for 50 cents,
that makes an acre yield of $150 to $300. If one
knows how to grow potatoes and will properly
treat the seed and spray to prevent blight and
give them proper cultivation, this should be one
of the main crops on a sandy loam or even a clay
loam soil in Michigan. ‘

One Cannot grow hisn‘whole farm to potatoes
and keep the land in goodcondition. You must
have a rotation of crops with sod in this rota-
tion to be plowed down to keep the land in good
physical condition, otherwise it gets so it Won’t
produce proﬁtable crops.

This sod ground will make a splendid prepar-
ation for a potato crop. To be perfectly safe with

" regard to moieture it ought to‘ be plowed as early

in the spring as possible and then narrowed oc-
casionally until the ﬁrst or middle of June which
is about the proper time to plant potatoes in
that section. If you wait until June to plow the
land and the seasons should happen to be dry, it
will be difficult to conserve enough moisture to
_ grow a good crop of potatoes. Of course, some
seasons are exceptions. If at this time of 'the
year we should have plenty of rain it might even
be better to plow it then'than to plow it earlier,

(lo-Operative Threshing Co

_ EADING the inquiry of Clinton county farm-
R er in regard to threshing company outﬁt, al-
. so the answer of Mr. G. W. Jerome of Bridge-
port to same, thought possibly a. little light I might
be able to shed on the subject would be of inter-
est. Mr. Jerome gives a very good illustration
of what'can be done in a very prosperous neigh-
borhood, but there are very many communities
not so situated as to be able to handle a $5,000
deal. .
We organized a company in our neighborhood
”the, past summer on an altogether different basis
than the Cass Bridge Company. I will give you
the details and let you draw your own conclus-
ions. "~ ’

First, let me call your attention to the fact that
you neVer will be acquainted with your nearest
neighbors until you try to hitch them in any co-
operative plan for the common good.

Our ﬁrst step was to secure an option on a

'good second~hand steel separator in N0. 1 condi—
tion for $800. We then started a canvass with a
'joint note so drawn as to represent twenty shares
of forty dollars each, with the stipulation that
. the' note was null and void should the twenty
shares he not subscribed. Our ﬁrst day’s canvass
' was very smooth sailing. but about eight o’clock
- that evening in comes my nearest neighbor as
pale as a ghost. wanting to get his name off from
theinoite. ‘ With the assuring information that he

iv was not the only one in the same ﬁx, but as this
ow

the second attempt in ﬁve years to form a

 
Also Would ' you advise sowing rye or '

, corn grown in the Grand Traverse regiOn "as
ever saw grow anywhere. " '

 
pour; said“: "‘v‘Treesyi‘n‘tlie highway are thepp‘op...
. ert‘y'Fof the adjacent owner and if 'they'encrOach, . .
upon the "highway andvmust be removed": he has

 
‘ plant: them [elsewherefﬁe-W, 353mm,, Legal 1E4? .- _

the right and must be‘affoi‘ded""reasonable oppor~ _
-, , ‘ tunity. to take them asrlifvin‘gr trees ”and trans-fr“?

 
. Y'a . . g
I donft'think , is verymuoh’yish
turing a. corn crop ill-,2 '

 
swam Trusts"! 1' '
if you only have seed "corn that is Df’Operlyh :‘x
climated. It won’t do to}. get seed from downiin
Ohioand plant it in the Grand Traverse-region;
because it probably won't mature, "but if" yeti‘fget,”
seedthat has been grown in the Grand Traverse
region forwthe last few years I don’t believe_'_-ygg.
will have any trouble. I have seen eome'rv-asﬁ'ilh

  
Beans are a good crop to grow in that region!
and if you don’t want to put in so much cord
you can divide your acreage between corn and
beans. Ordinarily you can grow as ﬁne beans 1
that region as can, be grown anywhere in the ~

world. It is not especially liable to be frosty in -~ ’ V '

the Grand Traverse region. Of course some years
crops are affected by frost and that is true of al-
most any section in Michigan. We have off years
where it seems that no crop is safe. If beans are ,
planted from the ﬁrst to the ﬁfteenth of June
they are about as safe as any crop you can ﬁg-
ure on.

Cucumbers can only be grown in small areas
on account of the difﬁculty in getting them picked
on time. When the season comes for picking
they must be picked every day,‘and it is quite
a particular job because if some of the cucumbers
are left and grow large they injure the bearing
quality of the vines. If you have a good area of
cucumbers and can take care of them they bring
in splendid returns per acre. With the price that
salting stations pay for this crop now, it is only .
just a question of getting them picked and a good
proﬁt is assured. Sometimes this crop is affect-
ed by frost before the vines are through bearing,
yet ordinarily they are safe—Colon 0. Lillie.

 
Alpena Woolen Mills Will Exchange Yarn
for Fleece

Can you tell me Where I can get a ﬂeece made
up into yarn?—-Mrs. H. H. Bayshore, Mich.

We will be making yarn about Feb. 15th, and
would be pleased to exchange your subscriber’s
ﬂeece for yarn-Alpena. Woolen Mills, Alpena, Mich.

mpany Which Made Good

company and the ﬁrst fell down for the lack of
having everything in writing we concluded we
could not get along without them, and proceeded
to get the balance of the twenty signers.

This left us with a separator fully paid for.
We then bought on time a good serviceable-18-
horse-power engine, tank, sleeping wagon and new
road pinions for $600, with the understanding
that they were to be paid for out of the earnings
of the machine; then securing a ﬁrst-class crew
of experienced" men we were ready for business.

We ran 55 days, booking $2,029 gross receipts,
which, after paying all running expenses, labor
and upkeep, paying for engine, tank and wagon,
left a dividend 61’ $20 per share, or 50 per cent
on the total investment, and gives us $261 to out-
ﬁt and start out on next year; also our outﬁt as
it now-stands will inventory from $1;200.00 to
$1,500.00. ‘ ‘

In clOSing let me say that the two malcontents
mentioned at the beginning of this thrillingex-
ample of high ﬁnance spread their doctrine of
Bolshevism, until ﬁve of them were sued by the
holder of the note and they paid their costs and
sold their shares to the local banker, who, by the ‘
way, always has his ear to the ground, at a dis—
count of ten dollars per share. ’

As in most good stories, they marry and live
happily ever after. It might well be said that they
were a good game bunch and the company pulled
in and did their threshing at the usual rate.—
R. A. H.. Vassar.

 
Ir. Barnes, president of the U. S.

. ebushel.
~twe-twenty-six may let the

’ Oi mntlemen have

' dollars , yet.

 
' Iew Yuk
m 0:371: 2.3:
u: .
an 2.2: , , 1.34 1-2
2.2. 2.27 ’ I.”

 
Brill Corporation, has returned from
Eﬁiﬁe with the reassuring informa-
tion that a market will be found for
.the entire 1918 surplus of American
Wheat, and at aprice which will cause
the government no loss. Somebody
has just discovered that Europe can

_ ’1 buy American wheat cheaper at the
» government's guaranteed price than

Australian wheat. Australia is a long
ways oﬂ, freight rates are high, and
it takes a vessel about twice as long
to make the trip as it does to and
from the United States. There is no

sign of weakening in the wheat mar-

ket; .demand continues strong and
supplies are light. Next week we ex-
pect to go into the wheat situation
thoroughly. In the meantime, we com-
mend to our readers the following
editorial, published in the February
lst issue of the Saturday Evening
Pout

‘ The Wheat Guarantee

7A good many people are excited
over the wheat outlook. Do not join
them yet awhile. The government
has guaranteed two dollars and twen-
t-y-six cents for every bushel harvest-
ed in the United States next summer.
A big area was seeded last fall. No
doubt a big area will be seeded next
xrlng. If it all comes through to
o threshing machine in good condi-
tion there will be a big crop~a bil-
lion busheis or more. Australia has
evhilable wheat now that shipping
restrictions are relaxing. India will
have wheat to spare. Europe may
harvest more wheat next summer than
lest. Wheat in the open market may be
worth only a. dollar and a quarter a
Buying the American crop at
ove
in for a billion-dollar lossg rnment
at a long, melancholy procession
gone broke ﬁgur-
ing on the wheat harvest after the
gain was knee-high, and part of our‘
crop has not even been'planted yet.
It will be eight months with multi-
tudinous chances of bugs and weatb
er before the last of it is cut. 1
“Perhaps you noticed in your news-

" .gaperthe other day a hunger map of

urope with more than a third of the

continent black, indicating famine

_ renditions. At any rate, you have seen

What‘Mr. Hoover and other persons
With pretty. good sources of informa-
tion have been saying about a griev-
ous lack of bread across the water.
And ﬁghting stopped last November.
When the government gave its guar‘
snty,‘for theApurpose of inducing the
fullest possible production of wheat
in. the United States this year, it had
no [means of knowing that ﬁghting

[would not be going right on to next

harvest, in which case every surplus
bushel of American wheat might have
meant life or death to somebody in
Belgium or France.

5 “The government took a big chance.
It was committed to a big game There
was a huge chance on the other side.
If war had continued and the gov-

" ernment had failed to use every ra-

tional means of providing bread it
would have been deeply blamable.
Say we lose even a billion dollars.
We won the war, and risking the bil-

lion dollars was one of the means of
. -us'nring that we should win it.

' "And we have not lost any billion
It is terribly easy, and
"cheap, toe wise after the event. Long -

shot the ﬁre is out and the lives of

 
the family are saved it is easy, to

. lain that the ﬁremen messed up
gram.” , .

 
\

a step further:

implements of warfare,etc.

for this condition:

 
cw " =
IMV‘A

 
higher. Beans, potatoes, how easy.
CHICAGOr—Om mi outs
323°? by information that Allies had

 
DETROIT.—-Gralns are weaker again. Butter demand better. Eggs slightly
Apples ﬁrm and higher.

again two to three cents e- bushel,
contracted for Argentine corn. (Not 1
Potatoes any but My. Buy lower.
NEW YORK—nay receipts ”ins-go, market lower. Been- innoﬂwe, expect
sign demand to tone up market. Potatoes. only and in ample-apply.

    
lew-

  
ﬁ .

 
Debit New Yeti

 
rum: cm...

le. ”all" 1,52 l-l
leJl'eIew 1.85 L33 1.“

lo. I Yelew 1.35 l.” 1.45
The stampede in the corn market

has been halted temporarily. Last

week the Argentine government an-
nounced that it would refuse to issue
export licenses to ship corn out of
the country that had been bought‘ior
less than 74 cents a bushel. Corn
purchased at a higher ﬁgure“ would
not be a strong competitor of Ameri-
can corn, after the freight, and hand
ling were ﬁgured in. This informa-
tion had a stimplating effect upon the
market, and prices were slightly high-

 
er on the Chicago market the ﬁrst of
the week. Other strengthenini int
tors were the announcement that the
ban 0n exportation of corn and other
grains had been removed; also the
unsettled weather hindering country
shipments, and the general disinclin-
ation of farmers to sell at the low
price. We do not expect to see corn
again reach such a low level this
year, providing the report of a four
hundred million surplus is correct.

 
The Month’s Market and Financial. Record

HE STEEL industry is the ‘barometer of trade." He who reads this
barometer" regularly and interprets its forecasts, will never go broke.
We have just passed through a month of abnormal conditions; in fact
the real period of reconstruction may well be recorded as commencing January

let, 1919.

Let us brieﬂy go over the record:

The month and the new year

opened with the nations of the earth facing a staggering war debt. A better
idea of the increase in this debt will be gathered from the followingﬁgures:

Gross’ debt of Aug. 1, 1914 Jan. 1 1919
United States ____________ 3 1,000,000,000 d 21,000,000,000
Great Britain ____._ ____,_ .____ 3,500,000,000 40,000,000,000

France
Russia

Italy ____ .___ ____ ._.___.__...

30,000,000,000
27 ,000,000,000
12,000,000.000

6,500,000,000
4,600,000,000
2,800,000,000 '

 
Eutente nations ____ ____$18,400,000,000 '5130,000,000,000
German Emp. and States ____$ 5,200,000,000 8 4o,ooo,ooo,ooo
Austria-Hungary __________ 3,700,000,000 24,000,000,000

Teutonic nations ________ 8 8,900,000,000 3 84,000,000,000

Gross debt all

________ $27,300,000,000

$19’4,000,000,000

Vast as the above ﬁgures are, the world’s ﬁnanciers tully realize that the

above ﬁgures made no allowance for further military purposes, for demobiliz-
ing the armies and novice, or for balance due on war contracts.
The United States government had no means of knowing when
the war would end; therefore it was necessary to prepare for carrying on the
conﬂict indeﬁnitely. To this end the industries were working almost entirely
upon government contracts—it was the government ﬁrst for fuel, food, horses, >
And the natural result followed:
tics was signed, stores, warehouses, docks both here and abroad were piled high.

Now let us go

When the armis-

To accomplish this immense stores or all kinds were withdrawn from the

open markets and war-time prices ruled.

sunrise, but suddenly the war was over.
“taking stock," getting together, surveying the ﬁeld. Here 150,000 horses, there
10,000 mules, here 45,000 tons of barbed wire, two million pairs of rubber boots,
two million overcoats, millions of’suits of clothing, millions of stockings, hats,
guns, ammunition, canned goods, butter, meat, concentrated foods, grains,
linens, steel—everything.

It all happened between sunset and
Then came a sixty-day period of

This was the condition when the new year dawned. Soon stock was taken,

and aside from what the government had in store, it was found that the
“proﬁteers” had immense holdings, hiding their time.
ometer, trembled tor a time in the tube, then commenced to lower gradually.
A sensitive market soon dipped downward, and within two weeks prices began
to tumble—the ﬁrst time in nearly four years.
lowed the downward trend. Two classes of “proﬁteers” are directly responsible
First, the proﬁteering speculators; second, the “individual
proﬁteers,” who had stores of unperishable foodstuffs in the garret, and com-
menced using from this store, “now that the danger of starvation was over."

In Steel, the trade bar-

Foodstuﬂs ﬁrst, as usual, fol-

Finances have been a little closa in the east, and the demand more than

 
min baskets! #15

we do advise diversiﬁed

normal. Nearly every manutaCturingr-enterprise needs new capital; War claims
and the inﬂuenza epidemic have eaten into the immense reserves of the great-
insurance companies who hold billions of the people's money and are free
loaners, and the purchase of Liberty bonds has withdrawn immense sums from
the savings accounts in the banks of the Nation. Here you ﬁnd ample reason
for the present condition of market and general business conditions.
To sum up the situation as we enter the short month, February:

markets will halt on ‘lower levels, where they can be ﬁnally stabilized. The
foreign demand for toodstuﬂs willibe a great help, and we need have but little
fear about prices on grains and unperishable products. The price established
on wheat will have a splendid inﬂuence on-all grains. This is neither a time to
hold for his prices, nor to quickly sell on a declining market.
percentage of the nation’s ioodistuiis is in the hands of the farmers—:the 1055,,
for .suchwe mm expect, will fall mostly upon buyers. This will not be a, year-
of depressed markets, neither will itvbe a year of ,‘iwar prices.” Right now you.
are laying younplans for the planting season. We Cannot 'advlse» loomed
acreage for the coming summons ' ' "

’yc

General

But a small

  
mine—d, and.

 
, vailing prices.

have been balm. , _x‘xonf,sdd1tionsl-,s‘toch
{at the the: , his. *
11m, aft-t '

   
"Hewlett .
.3 . .u '
A submissi- wrote us mt week -

asking what he should do with his
eats, sell them now or later. or course-
we,’ couldn’t tell him. Last week we
entranced our belief that cats had"
reached bottom and would advance. ~
As we go to press the cat market is
stronger than tor several weeks. Bd-
vancin-g on the Chicago market in
sympathy with corn. At the time 0!
going to press oats had advanced one
cent a bushel over last week’s quo-
tations, demand was good and sup-
plies rather light. We repeat that
the future of the oat market depends
to a considerable extent upon the fu'
ture of the corn market, both of which
will be largely inﬂuenced by the for-
eign food situation.

 
I
There is a stronger reeling in
the demand this week being 50:11er
better than for some time. A rush '
supplies on any 0! the markets would
probably bring a further decline in

prices, as the market is, none too
steady. It is announced that there
is a shortage of rye and the United
States may be called upon to ship sev-
eral million bushels over seas. At
present European demand is practi-
cally-at a standstill and the future
is rather dubious. However,‘ rye will
probably seek higher levels, and we
believe it would pay farmers who have
not disposed of all their crop to “watch
and wait" for the next couple weeks.
Detroit market quotes rye at $1.45.,
Barley continues dull and inactive.
It is reported that quite ‘a strong Eu—
ropean demand exists for this grai
but as yet it has scarcely made itsel
felt.

 
‘ ' ﬁe l Skid-rd Ne. 2
M” nuts, My Timothy
limit 20 so 2100255: zcuzsso 25 on
cute... '25” neon”: zseezzm use
cad-.5 use zeoozzso zauzszs 305
Pittsburgh iii" 2:50:35. 215qu 0 20;.
subs: « so nun» 32.0qu m.

lick-ad
- m. 1 No. 1 m. 1
W a.» land Clever sand (31....
0M 2550 80002150 nuns. 21s.
Chicnge :3» 2590230. noon» use
me... 2525 26252425 25252325 245
Pittsburgh ass. 350255. 265024 50-255.
s... Yerh 21» 29 oo 2: oo 23 oo 23 oo 24 as
Rich-en

 
Hay is dull and quoted lower on
most. markets. There has been an
abundance of receipts thedast week
that could not be disposed of at pre-
.Continuance of warm_
weather is blamed for the general on
satisfactory condition 0! this market
Reporting the hay trade conditions
of the week ending Jan. 31st, the Ho:
Trade Joﬁmal says: ‘ . '

"More hay seems to be moving this
week than can be readily disposed of
and most at the principal markets re
port unsatisfactory conditions. Trade
is slack as buyers’ stocks are pretty
well ﬁlled and the tall in grain and
teed values has had a depressing ell '
feet upon the hay markets. Availv
able supplies are larger than can be
absorbed” althcg, the stocks on hand
would not be burdensome under nor
mal conditions. Colder weather for
the past few days, is creating a bet-
ter «demand for teeding hay but the
increase ‘is only small and does notv
affect the general market.‘ On the -~ *
strength f0! the 'imprdVed «demand :ol- ‘ 3
the antenna month many shirm‘ «-

 
, ~ . have enrol-ed a further de-
adbolt!!! is wage to press are quot-

ed at $7.50 an the Detroit market.
* The inability of eastern buyers to se-

 
alsowhere in- this issue seems to be

floaty, of beans are coming into the
United States from the west, augment-
iahthe domestiecrop; but none are.

g out thru the eastern export

markets. ‘ Under these circumstances
it is not to be wondered at that the
market is dull and lifeless. But the
bean situation is not entirely hope-
‘ loss. We understand that certain '01

' the big dealers in _,the know are of-

_ . ’1 forlng’ to wager that been; will go'

i

anywhere‘from $9 to $11 per cwt. be-
fore next fall. There’s a market for

every bean, once the way is.opened up.
So be patient and‘sit tight.

 
Choice rend , R J White
lavish , .- 01“..“ .
l“ 1.85 at. I75 owl.
Gloss- Lﬂ \ l *
m . 2.15 2.
Mini ‘~~ 2.40 2
M 1.7! / ‘ 2..

 
The potato market is 'still easy, but
there has been no .change in prices
for several days. Certain of the
states, Maine, Minnesota and Wiscon-
sis have been heavy shippers tor the
past two weeks but shipments are now
letting up and the surplus at primary
points is rapidly clearing up. New
York potato growers refuse to sell
at prevailing price of $1.60. Minne-
sota dealers are of the opinion that
market will not go any lower and
are preparing for- a higher market. It
is the belief that the seed demand
will soon be felt and that the situa-
tion will change rapidly. ‘ '

One thing that has favored the po-
tato deal and will continue to do so

,‘ thruont theee'awn is the plentitude

i care. At no time since the season
opened last fall have, shippers exper-
ienced any diﬂiculty in getting cars.
This was true in all the potato states.

Without anynotice whatever'to the
potato growers, the Bureau of Mar-
kets has announced a slight change
in the potato grading rules. The size

, oi the two grades remains the same,

’ Avisri and 11,5, but the. rule apply-

ing to variations is more liberal.
It now reads as follows; , .

“In order to allow for variations in-
cident to. commercial grading and
handling, The ’percentum by weight
of any lot may be under the prescrib-
ed size, and in addition six per cent-
um by weight of any such lot may be
below the remaining requirements of
this grade; but not more than" one-
third of such six per centum,-that is
to say not more than two per centum
by weight otth'e entire lot may have
the flesh injured by soft rot. (“Soft
rot” means a soft, mushy condition
of the tissues, from whatever cause.)

We still have ,a foolish notion that
the farmers ought to have something
to say about this grading proposition,
but mebbenot. Anyway, there’s plen-
ty of gentlemen on‘ the Food Admin-
istration and the Bureau oi! Markets
who seem to think the farmer should
not be bothered with such matters.

3 Oh, for the day when farmers will
arise in their might and run their
own business. ‘ .

But to return to the-potato markets,

, inst watch the indicator the next tew
days. It's going up; probably to the
January high leVel. It the weather
moderates again, .the market will go

down again, but probably not much.

2.- - {this rise! and fall will undoubtedly»
continue uni] ,thru March, the] 'rise

~-. .. lit ohigher iihan the prev-
' . the" tall not Quito I.

    
cure export licenses, as explained »

the'hig reason why beans are moving. -

. movement.

11» ' ,Ill [thins ,.
is. in!

Juit, asevei‘ything-wae looking ex-
ceptionally rosy-Zia the apple deal,
along comes" an announcement from

,‘over so“ that .Great Britain would

‘ shirt dowrn ,on' further importation of

Muniapples, because of the large
supplies still in storage in Australia
And this comes, too, right on top’of
the reduction in ocean rates which
was to soils American shippers $2 a
barrel. ~However, the aforesaid an-
nouncement seems not to have dis-
couraged eastern shippers for they
are still buying everything that comes
their way. Commenting upon the
apple situation The Packer says:

“It is difﬁcult to ascertain now just
what the total experts per week are.
New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Bal-
timore, Portland and Nova Scotia are
all exporting apples. The shipments
this week may run up to 75,000 barrels
which includes boxes, ﬁgured three
to the barrel. _
. "Up the state, buyers are taking
the fruit as fast as they can get hold
of it. and from all accounts, the apple
market in other sections, as well as
in New York state, is higher than in
New York City. This is because the
fruit is being bought at outlying
points for export direct.

“The receipts of New York contin-
ued heavy. There were about 78 cars

of barrelled apples here Monday morn“-

ing, a goOd part of the fruit for ex-
port. The principal varieties being
traded in now are Baldwins, Green-
ings and Ben Davis. This week Bald-
wins were selling on the dock at $7.25
to $8, and Greenings at $7.00 to $7.50
per barrel. Ben Davis were bring-
ing $6.50 to $7. York Imperials are
about out of the market, so far as local
consumption is concerned. ‘Lower
grade fruit was selling at $5.50 to
$6.50 per barrel.” ~ ,

   
The rapid drop in butter prices the
last two weeks is almost without par-
allel. It is furthermore almost im-
possible to put the ﬁnger on the real
reason for the continuous’ downward
It looks as if butter had
reached so high a point with no indi-
cations of coming down again, that
thousands of consumers naturally
averse to using oleomargarine‘ and
other butter substitutes, had simply
put their preferences aside and took
to the substitutes rather than face
such high prices for butter. We un-
derstand that there were six million
pounds more ‘butterine manufactured
in December 1918 than in the same
month of 1917. If substitutes are to
blame for ,talling off of the butter de-
mand, it behooves tho dairymen to
get busy with a national advertising

campaign to counteract the advertis‘

ing put out by the substitute manu-
facturers. ~

’ ADD A SUBSCRIBER

IF YOU ARE NOT a regular reader of MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMING, and
if you feel that it is a paper you would like to receive each week for a

"Year, mail in the coupon below.

In You awaready a reader you probably have a friend and ”eighb”
who 'would like this weekly as much as you do-

and ask him to send in the coupon.

. lished quotations were

constitit. ‘ there be , .. .
on Thursday." when the soot

3 0

‘ them-“10,13 day savor-nod the soles

for the day. Oazother days the de-
cline has been anywhere from one
cent to 31,5 cents. If it had not actu-
ally occurred it would have been dif-
ﬁcult to imagine a-drop of 25 cent; in g
the price or butter in less than a
month. Practically all butter dosh
erg now wish that they had been more
imaginative. With considerable stocks
on hand nearly all receivers thought
that several week. would elapse be-
fore any decided break would come,
but in that they were mistaken. In
talking with several dealers we ﬁnd
that practically all are receiving let-
ters and telegrams from shippers de-
manding payment for shipments that
the dealer has on hand. As much of
the stock has not been sold it is im-
possible for the dealer to make re-
turns. The receiver is extremely an-
ious tomove the butter which he had
but the demand for it with the price
tobogganing is practically nil. Dur-‘“
ing the week no butter beyond‘ that
for immediate needs was bought by
jobbers, and out-of—town buyers were
conspicuous because of their absence.
Accumulations are continuing to pile
up because of no demand in spite of
the fact that receipts for the week
have been lower than for last week.
The general concensus of Opinion
among dealers is that with present
weather conditions remaining con-
stant we can look for no decrease in
production and hence no upward
trend of quotation because of lessened
production. However, it is thought
that when retailers ﬁnd their present
stocks depleted there will be more
buying On their part, and as they will
be able to sell butter at a lower ﬁgure
the "consumer will purchase more,
which will tend to bolster the present
faltering market.

On Monday extras dropped to 51%
to-52c; on Tuesday there was a de-
cline of 2c; on Wednesday, 3%c, and
on Friday, 10. All grades of butter
suffered about the same decline in
price, but undergrades are moving
very little. Unsalted butter has accu-
mulated and the demand is very
slight. At the close yesterday estab-
as follows:

Extras, 46c; higher scoring than ex-
tras, 46% to 47c; Firsts, 43 to 4835c:
and seconds, 40% to 42c.

 
Despite large receipts the egg mar-
ket is steadying up a bit, and it is
expected that prices have about reach-
ed their low point for the early spring
season. There are lots of eggs coming
into Michigan and other northern
states from the south, and with an
apparent increase in production in
these states, there is little hope that
eggs will again advance. Wednes-
day’s Detroit market quoted eggs at
39 cents per dozen.

(Continuation page 19)

Show him your copy

 
MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMING,
Mt. ‘ Clemens. Michigan.

 
dollar herewith

  
Send your weekly for one year (52 issues) for which i enclose one

  
. Name“

  
R.F‘.D. No“-..

 
.~ Mich; .

» \-

 
Manure Pit

will cost you f
nothing

The horses and cows .
will pay for it. -' - :

Unless stable manure _
l§ kept so that the val-
u‘able hqu1d contents
are saved, 50 per cent
of the fertilizing value
of the manure is lost
An average horse or
cow produces annual-
ly manure worth. $35;
The liquid ortion is
worth neary half of
this. A concrete ma~
tune it will save'it i
all. go you see how ~'
the horses and cows
can present you with
a. concrete manure”
pit free of charge.

Build one now and _

the proﬁts from ‘

form of savmg.
isk for our free booklet to!-
i how to build Com

awe Hts. Writeosv‘ m
est district oﬁia. 1

          
. ECEMENTV ‘ v.
Kssocmri ,

  
int.

‘ -urew-‘.}.;.LL." I“

 
you.
' ﬁve years.

 
" - woman’s sphere.

      
A Dingy Home and a Troubled Heart '

I can tell my troubles, I thought perhaps
it would helpa good deal to tell them to
I am very young but I have been married
Perhaps it is because I amso very

young yet that I can’t seem to be reasonable. We

. :1 are living on a farm of 160 acres and we have a

great deal to do. Having been raised in a very
large city, perhaps you will realize how much I
appreciate the big, beautiful out-doors and the
great sense of freedom in it, but still there is that
awful unrest; something I seem to long for that
is not forthcoming. In summer I am perfectly
contented, but the horrible winter when I have
to stay in this little bit of a house, there comes
that feeling of discontent which I cannot account
for. I should think that men who have farms to
rent might at least provide decent houses to live
in. don’t you? This house is not only small, but
the plaster is off and the paper is so torn and
dirty with wood-work very much mismatched,
and doors and windows ill-ﬁtting. Some way it
just seems to get on my nerves. Of course, we
could rent another farm, as there are many to
rent, but we are making good here so I have to
try to be Contented, but somehow my whole soul
seems to rebel.

Well, I certainly apologize to you for writing
such a horrible letter but I have no one else to
tell my'troubles to and it seems like a horrible
weight thrown off my mind to be able to tell this
feeling to you. I can’t seem to deﬁne this feel-
ing of love for this farm, but the horrible dis-
content and rebellion that seems to be working
inside of me.—-Troubled.

O t t

_' OMEWIIERE I have read, “Stone walls do not

S a prison make, nor iron bars a cage,” but

here is one poor troubled farm woman in
“solitary conﬁnement" behind four ﬂimsy-plast-
ered. dingy papered walls. You need not apolo-
gize for writing to me, my dear. I am here to
help. if I can. and while I may not be able to
offer any suggestions in your case that will help
you solve your problem, I can at least try.

The fact that you are contented in the summer
time and that together you and your husband are
making good on the farm simpliﬁes the problem
a great deal. I suppose your husband is like so
many other farm husbands. In the ﬁrst place
they are unobserving creatures anyway so far as

matters of the household are concerned and in the .
second place they are in the house so little that“

they scarcely have the opportunity to focus their
attention on the unsightly spots that become a
nightmare to those who dwell within the house
for twenty-four hours a day. The home is the
By that I do not mean that she
should take no interest in things outside of the

home, but I do mean that the big thing in her «

' life is having a home and keeping it neat and
attractive. Those who rent, either in the coun-
‘ try or in the city, do not have that feeling of
postsession which inspires home-owners to im-
prove and‘ beautify the places where they live. I
know right well, my dear, that some farm tenant
houses aren’t fit to live in, and I feel for those
women who have to live there, or who for the
sake of the husband who is making good, grit
their teeth and resolve to live there. unsightly
and unsanitary as the premises may be.

The only thing that I see for you to do is to
ﬁx up that house yourself. Yes, I know, one’s
natural stubbornness drives you to say, "What,
spend my own money on a place whose owner is
too stingy to hill", but let me tell you that the
beneﬁts, that you Will gain by brightening up
that house will be of inﬁnite more value to your
mental and physical comfort than any amount of
satisﬁed spite can possibly be.

You need more sunshine, my dear. Not neces-
sarily the sunshine that comes from the sky, but
the sunshine that radiates back and forth from
the prettily papered, and brightly-tinted walls of a‘
house where happy peeple live

It won’t cost you much to re— plaster the torn

‘ places and to re-paper the walls of the room in
which, you spend the most of your time. Twenty~
ﬁve dollars at the most should do the trick, and

I think you'll ﬁnd that you never invested that

sum of money to better advantage Heref-are‘ a

 
:, and tell him mil! em youhave told me. Tell

 
EAR PENELOPE: Having no one to whom,

 
Penelope, Earns Home Department, Mt. Clemens, Mich.

him that if you are to carry your end of the fam-

. ily load, he must help you fix up the house, and

I am sure that he will reproach himself immedi-
ately for not having‘offered to do so‘before. To:
gether plan on each little. improvesleht that .is

”going to change that prison of yours to the ooz-

iest home that ﬁve minds and four willing hands
could devise.

The next thing to do is to get some pulp plas-
ter and repair the broken places in the walls.
This is cheap and a little goes a long way. Pret-
ty wall paper can then be purchased for as low as
15 cents a roll.
making age-old wood-work bright and new. Have
you ever used bright cretonnes for curtains and
chair covers? This material lends‘a most cheer-
ful eifect to. the room and it is comparatively
cheap. Use the cretonne for a table scarf or run-
ner and if you have room a large cretonne cov-
ered box may be used for a window seat or cozy
corner.

Plants require but little attention and more
than anything else give the touch of nature that
makes summer such a gladsome time.

I could go on and giVe you a hundred suggeee
tions for brightening up those rooms, but they
are not needed.
cleaning, altering and repairing, you will get the
vision of how that little house ought to look, and
nothing can stop you from adding touches here
and there tha? will so change the interior of your
home that your friends won’t know it when next
they call. Of course, if you do “run up against
a snag," as they say, be free to call upon me
again, and if I cannot help you I am sure the
rest of our readers will. And I will remind you
all now that suggestions for interior decorating
and home improvements are now in order. With

love, PENELOPE.

I comfy sweaters, only that I am using sleeves
in theirs, that they may use them for early

spring wear. This suggestion of purling one-half

Slip-On Sweater
INTEND making both my litle girls these

the length is novel and most practical.
the sweater in shape and overcomes that siouchy
‘ effect so many have. > .

The Shetland ﬂoss'has a silky lustre that knits
up most attractively and one of these sweaters
can be made with little expense and be appro-
‘priate for all summer wear for either boy or

girl.
sweater.
to the effect of these peckets

The combination of colors adds greatly
A khaki with an

electric or- peacock blue stripe is very pretty.

Once you get into the spirit of '

 
It keeps;

A can of paint will do wonders in ..

If desired add a sailor collar to sister's .

/

Rose and grail. gray and dark-red, and blue and".

sand color are; all good Use your own judgment in, .
regard to casting your. stitches, according to size?

'6! child.

‘ :and bulk.-

l‘ommunications for this page should be addressed to L

 
‘ YW ‘ _
once with the. “ﬁnk: I hays ﬁve children under“
ten A be who is seven in May, came down with
the disease Home could not believe it was

inﬂuenza, 80 We did BM 2951'. the doctor until the -._T{

third day.~- The boy was very sick nights. I gave

a good dose of salts ﬁrst; which 1 also gave to the . . ,

oldest of the others and myself so to be prepared
for the rest. I used lard and compiler and greas-
ed mustard plaster on the chest, of course keep" ‘
ing him in bed and warm with hot lids, when he '

complained of being cold.- After this I used the " ‘

doctor's medicines for Jﬁm. The doctor told me
my treatment was very good and to use it again
in case the cough tightened. But prevention is
better than cure and the rest of us never got the
disease, although the other children got bad colds,
I just gave cathartic until the bowels were very
lose and kept them that way until I thought the
danger was past. -’.

Another thing, after handling the patient or
things that he had usedvi washed my hands in
carbollc acid water. This idea is not to carry the
germs to the mouth‘or nose. I believe if one takes
care of oneself and children when an epidemic is
around, by taking care of the bowels and any
cold given the best of care it will diminish the
disease considerably. I kept the other children

away from the sick one as much as possible— _ .

Mrs. J. A. B.. Gladwtn county.

Thanks very much, Mrs B, for your letter.
Let us hear from others. whose families were
amicted with this disease.‘ '

 
Hons-'cooKINc 1.12350ng

By Elizabeth Matheson.

VERY housekeeper knows that starch is

made of tiny particles ofgrains which will

not dissolve in cold water, but will settle to
the bottom of the dish if left undisturbed. If
cooked in boiling water the starch grains absorb
water and swell and ﬁnally break. apart
spread thru the liquid, making the starch paste
with which we are familiar. '

If some dry starch is thrown into boiling water
the grains on the outside swell immediately and
make a paste surrounding the lumps and prevent-
ing the water from reaching thosa on the inside
The result is a lumpy mixture, each lump having
a center of uncooked starch. Raw starch. is div
gested by very few people, and the gravies and‘
sauces that are' ﬁlled with lumps are unwhole-
some foods. -As scones the’starch grains" swell
and break they can be attacked by the digestive
juices, so the reason for cooking starchy‘foods
is to make them more digestible. Starchy foods
are not always palatable if cooked only long
enough to make them digestible, so a longer time
of cooking is frequently given to develop a mel-
low sweet taste found in a well cooked cereal,
starchy pudding or sauce. .

The underlying principle 'in cooking starchy _
foods is to cook them in such a way as tojcause
the starch grains to swell and change from» a form
very difﬁcult or impossible to digest. to a'form
easy of digestion. “This is "accomplished by sup-
plying plenty of heat and moisture .

A well-cooked cereal is the exception rather
than .the rule. This is freduently due to an in-
sufﬁcient quantity of water and to too short a
time of cooking. Enough water must be used to
allow the starch grains to swell thoroughly. Dry, '1
thick sticky mushes‘are ﬁlled with half-raw starch
making them disagreeable to the taste and dif-
ﬁcult or impossible to digest. '

The question arises, “are the ready-tweet cer-
eaTs as wholesome as those prepared at home?" r

 
About equally so when the raw cereal has been '

well prepared. They are more expensive and not
so palatable as a well-done and home-cooked cer- _‘
eal The whole cereals", rolled oats, shredded '
wheat contain a smaller proportien of digestible -
nutrients but they are richer in mineral matte

 
and ,

 
obe’i'oup of milk use one-quarter to
one flour: into-gm

salt; dash pepper. »
cream sou-pa, use from one—quarter to
' liquid»

  
9' {1.20110 ‘Jiiltable for
éfﬁgu «h lomeono o1nour

_' s 01 BIKING .
ﬂour with Gold milk—411m add
mills—cook

  
. . minu ute, Dower- hoot , add an
‘ stir constantly dye minu too
Corn search has one and onegthira 0;

one and one-half the thickenini power

.‘V‘Hii'iour,
.. . , Cooking Meats
; _ -‘ :I'MEAT is one of the most impor-

 
taut articles in our diet, for it
supplies the protein which is
the property that builds muscle and
makes tissue; its fat furnishes energy

; and the nitrogen, carbon, oxygen and.

minorals which are contained in our'
1 roasts, chops and- stews are very neo-
- 'Ié-oo‘sat‘y to the well being of our bodies.
Bnot is without doubt the most popu-
lar at all meats: it is comparatively
:ie‘a‘sy to digest and contains a large
amount of nutriment. Veal is rather

 
dimoult to digest and requires great'

care in the cooking to make it whole-
tone, Mutton is wholesome and
nourishing. Pork, like ‘vea1 is rath-
or diﬂicuit of digestion if not well
cooked but it Would be hard to ﬁll
the place that cured. am, bacon and
. shoulders occupy in our larder.
*‘ ' ' i' Ailments can be divided pretty
1 much into two classes the tender ﬁne
- ..gra'ined meats which come from the
loast muscular parts of the animal
and the coarse ﬁbre cuts which come
from those portions which are most
used and therefore more muscular and
tough. The latter class of meats is
exceedingly juicy and nutritious, but
require more care in its preparation
than the more tender cuts. All meat
cookery is governed by two founda-
_tion' principles ' '-
» ’Tonder ﬁne grained meats-—
*‘ ' -‘ Quick surface searing.
Intens heat. , 1
No we er. s ,
Season after cooking.
Coarse tough meats——
.Qu’ick surface searing.
_ Long slow cooking.
.- Sinallamount ‘of water,
. Season while -cooking.
In roasting moat ‘we put the meat
to a very hot oven so that the in-
tense 1;eat wil1sea'lst1;e pores and keep
the Juices trom escaping After the
moat is well soared, 10 or the tem-
perature somewhat“ In the canine of
'tenden meats do not season while
300m“. the salt tends to draw the
Juices from ,.t g, '
, . ‘ts

   
little fat,

 
we enough to‘s’dit many occasions, in "

    
it”! $19.1” , V711; the ov‘ofn in a casserole and served in ‘broad kettle cover with hot water, put swept. the quarter into M box. ,

‘ta'lé‘spoons tat; one-eighth- teaspoon
Fer a very thin since. suitable for:
r tabloepoono of ﬂour, to

churn thin sands. suitable for
one to two tableQWono I
p‘ M l u .

CURING HAM! ‘ LEN’I‘IL MEAT LOAF u
. ravel . The. ,
Per 100 [pounds of meat allow, 9 lbs. Two cups cooked lentils, 1 lb. round the girl g y t man so the,
.galt, sogsﬁmn sugar, ozs saltpetor, steak, 1 onion halt cup hr and crumbs 1 elevator starter tells me, has been in
. our sweet milk. 1 teaspoon salt 1 tea- the habit of dropping into the cafe
1: the water come to a b ii, ‘~
in the s’a‘ltiod saltpeter and sugarfhsggrsigi a c°°geia$adnt§1$i$$°3° butter' ”I" mp across the hall ﬁve or six. times a day i.
to » 2’13“ it?!” V04 Remove from t e lire cop ossible cook the lentils in .soft water. for, a drink. Now, whenever the crew. '.
n ‘V 0“ "10 brine ‘3 001d pour over Ru the lentils thru a collander or a ~ ,
the meat anndlet stand for six weeks then coarse sieve, but the steak thru e. meat 1118 89135 strong that he can t stay '3‘; '
smoke a lltntthlsnn o g‘ioppef, ad to tdmt entils, togoltlheg with his desk, he comes downstairs and
TNG eononcoppo eo swo oaen .
III the melted butter, the brog crumbs milk buys 3 Thrift Stamp. . It Will be “mg

Very rclearly nv._

~  1‘ The Best Is

 
“1 Mega
slideQd col {ondm

"s. ion ‘
suppormluncheon dish.

  
, Abs. reun of beef, broad crunhbs v-btttt’e row “I i ii“ ,
' ton-eboon cloves ‘oalt. sweet margarine. the water mushy. Cook until PF?"
, stews. 5°th halt pound salt pork, 1 cup vinegar. pop- and

 
and add the deadening
Pour over the meat and cook for mai-
hours in a slow oven. If the piece at In .
is thicker, cook longer. ~

per. mustard.
. Take a solid iece of the round from
‘ which the bone as been removed, about
. mg on o! w six inches thick and weighing about six
tied with ., tablespoon pounds. Bind ﬁlm with a strip of cot- -,,.
.130“, 1. Mom? awastgxgﬁswimt “glut? 1not 10:] “Give me a whiskey,
”111' "at a E 13:01! 0 a B . ~ -'
_ $11,. “no“. “:5 “a!“ $21: {mil lthrust tgoso 1inhmughhperpinigc— faced man. “13111118 “P to the
_ 5.6310113“ _ rncsonsmaow asarp no
ﬂak“; “mm“. for one in?“ allowin the pork to protrude on each Stan“) boat]! in the hallw‘y D
u"; then add the canned side. ram into other pslits a tomomeat New York oﬂico building and 1:11 o
.Nfitbe's 3“” in quarters; made of highly-seasoned bread crumbs. . d t 3
, and pip- Lay o meat in a deep di and pour own “ quar er
uni-little mor 1Fob tt

over the vinegar. ices \soasonin
water-‘11?° meat "mugpi ti: vinegar {4 The girl- in charge smiled new

sun mor a .
an hour. or mung; 13.35335 hours, turning several imoe. Put in a tion, handed Ollt 3 Thrift Stomaeod‘

breast. neck or
geek or lamb.

  
top and cook slowly, al-

ll-fltti ”
on a we n hour to 1 und Cool “Why did he 18]: for a whisker

$5 to 8 lbs meat, 1 M] on ﬂoun- , lowing one-hal
eamts,1cuHcannodoao,I a 1 under a has weight d also If do— _

‘ dripping, 1c“ cup boilingp water, E higﬁ? sired some of he water n Which the meat inquired a grinning by Standarl W
8 smallo onions, 4 potatoes out in quarters was cooked ma be thickened and used as had overheard the request.

salt and pepper. gravy Save t o rest for stock. “It really isn’t funny," respondedﬁ'

     
no b ngu - '

1 gm tagging. 1 Twining-13$”? “"1; 5335;381:156 361335113; fringe d Migvvzgll sing enough for the rest of us to laugh. at ;,

liquor, \ pepper and salt, Worces hire no“, and my on a buttered ff“ Bak‘e' 1,, him when we can show sand enough: ”

a hot oven for one hour. This 103.! should '

“Edifgiugﬁnﬂihg"ﬁé‘ttgﬁniﬁ’é gig“ it be basted well with melted butter or but- to give up" our pet weaknesses to,
of’ the liquor in which the tome 3,3 tor substitute and served with a good U301“ Sam.

       
gelled.o sing)? pg: 01- tomatoss and the ‘mvy- “You’re right, Miss," said the. at
”pp" ”1 “It and POT ROAST - shed in uirer haulin out '
£§g§:ﬂﬁ%’°§ﬁtsmrﬁ£&“00 if You have it. Four pounds beef chunk or bottom f? q ' 1 g a $5 hula
5' y w ﬂour Put the ton:- round, 1 tablespoon dripping, 8 table- let me have a ban e 0‘ Champane'

 
None Too Good ‘   ' ‘—

, The American Housewife has demonstrated by her splendid loyalty dur-
‘ ing the past year that she is entitled to the best in the land. ‘

No one has been more severely tried than she. through the enforced use _ " .
of inferior ﬂour and substitutes, but she certainly “made good.” ‘ ' '

./ Now that" conditions are changing and gradually working back to normal
it is possible to manufacture the pro-war high patent ﬂour.

t’l‘his is certainly good news to the discriminating woman who desires to
provide her family with the very best of wholesome, healthful palatable

Lily White

“The F low the best Cooks Use” ‘ j

/,

 
may now be obtained in the old-time high quality grade.

No‘better ﬂour has ever been made and mighty few have even nearly
equaled it.

Light, white, ﬂavory bread may again be baked and LILY WHITE
FLOUR has been made particularly for this class of work.

In fact LILY WHITE FLOUR is sold under the guarantee that the
purchase price will be cheerfully refunded if you do not like it as well
or BETTER than any ﬂour you have ever used for every requirement
of home use.
.- «, When ordering Flour, say LILY WHITE, “The ﬂour the best cooks
>_ use ,"andinsistonhavingit.

Your baking troubles will be over.

 
VALLEY CITY MILLING COMPANY
Grand Rapids, Mich.

    
m Boys and Girls: Lani; week
{I promised to tell. you about
W Lincdn, whose birth-
W-s’anpiversary comes on Feb. 12th.
am all read about this great man
was born in a log cabin and be-
e in time the president of the
. , tted States , and one of the most be-
'W~5and greatest men of all history.
' flammwas born Feb. 12th, 1809, in
the state of Kentucky. His parents
Were very poor, much poorer probably

    
than the poorest people you know, and
could not give their son an education.
As a little boy Lincoln had a great
desire to learn, and he would spend
hours reading the few books and news-
papers that found their .way into the
little log cabin. We are told that he
did his arithmetic problems on an old
spade with a piece of white stone.
Almost entirely by his own efforts,
young Lincoln educated himself and
when he grew up he spent his ﬁrst
earnings in completing his schooling.

Abraham Lincoln loved the right.
He could not bear to see anybody
treated unjustly. His ambitions were
high and noble. He took great pleas-
ure in helping other people, and it
was his desire to be useful that took

    
w-
Log Cabin in Which Lincoln was Born

him step by step from one position to
a another. Everybody who knew him
loved him, for he was kin-d, thought-
. hi] and friendly. By ever and al-
‘ways doing the thing that was right
. Abraham Lincoln took the way that
led him ﬁnally to the greatest honor
America can give a’m‘an, the oﬂice of
president of the United States. When
you have your Lincoln day exercises
next.Wednesday, remember these dual-
ltles that made Abraham 'Lincoln
great, and resolve that you will fol-
low in his footsteps.
' "‘ This week the D00 Dads are not
with .us. Everything is quiet in the
Wonderland of Doo just now, but next
[week we’ll see the little mischief-mak-
ers again at play. .We have a story
about Bobby’s tooth, though, that all
,3-tho. folks will be interested in. Did
"you ever have your tooth pulled out
with a. string?
is it? I" l
" Another new feature thin-wed h
' Junior Recipe. 'I suppose quite a
~ of my older girl "readersghelp
ther with the baking and cooking.
yet you have a favorite recipe
ﬁnd it to me x and ‘I will print
’1; others can try itE-Amrr

  
It. isn’t much fun,‘

cc ' HERE. there! Hold atlll,.dol
Please now! Be a good boy.
I won’t hurt you!"

This was Mumsey trying to get

BOBBIE’S'

 
Bobbie to let her pull out his loose

front tooth. ‘ '

"It’s hanging by one thread!” Sis- .

ter Pearl cried, peering into Bobbie’s.
mouth. -

“It’ll drop out and choke you while
you’re asleep," said Aunt Fanny, “In-
deed it will, Bobbie. Why, I heard
of an old gentleman once who swal-
lowed his false teeth and they had to
cut him open to get them out. You'd
better let Mother pull it out quick!"

Bobbie‘s eyes grew very big, but h

Ishook his head. . '

“I’m not going to sleep!" he re—
plied.

"But you must some time, child!"
cried Mumsey. "Come now, be a lit-
tle man.”

Just then Grandma bustled into the
room with a long red string in her
hand.

“Now, pet,” she said coaxingly, "let
Grandma try!”

But Bobbie crawled hastily under
the couch. '

“I knew a little boy,” said Aunt
Fanny, “who wouldn’t pull out his
ﬁrst teeth and guess what happened?
The new ones grew over them aid
pretty soon the little boy had two
rows of teeth like a cannibal!"

“Don’t coax him any more,” said
Mumsey. ~“I’m not going to let him
have any apple cake for supper.”

“Come on, pet," Grandma coaxed.
"I’ve got something nice for the lit-
tle boy who’ll let me tie this string
to his tooth. Yes, yes, indeed! I've
got something that begins with a C
and ends with an E." .

“Chocolate!” guessed Sister Pearl,
because ‘ she knew‘ about a certain
green box upstairs in’ Grandma’s bu-
reau drawer.

Bobbie knew about the green box'
too, so he crawled out from his bid-
ing place and said: “Now. Grandma,

 
o .

you promise honest-injin you won't
, pull it out!“ ' ‘ '

“Yes, dear,” Grandma replied sol-
emnly, and as she was very reliable,
Bobbie let her tie the long red string
to his tooth. . . .

“I suppose you’re going— to tie the
other end of the string to the door-
knobﬂ. said Aunt Fanny. “That’s the
way I used to do it.”

“What for?” asked Bobbie.

“Well, so that when soulebody comes
and opens the door—”

"No, no, no!" shouted Bobbie. “No,

NO!”

“Gracious alive!" cried Grandma.
Sv'hat a racket you do make, Bob-

6.” _,

“I don’t want to tie .my string to
the doorknob!" shouted Bobbie.

“Well, you don't have to, my love,”

replied Grandma. "I only put that
string around your tooth ads you
wouldn’t swallow it and if you should
swallow it, 30’s we could pull it out
again." _ ,

She then took Bobbie by‘the hand
and led him to her room. It was a
big chocolate drop shegave him, and

as he didn’t dare bite it with his boss

tooth he had to stuff it all into his
mouth at 'once, and it was at least
ten minutes before he could say a
single word.

When Dad came home, he looked
at Bobbie and said: "What’s that
hanging out of your month?”

"It’s a string Grandma put ’round
my tooth 50's I wouldn’t swaller it,"
replied Bobbie.

”My,” cried his father.
youshed that tooth yet?”

I wish you could have seen that
boy at supper? It was enough to make
a horse laugh, so Sister Pearl said.
He held the red string with One hand
the whole blessed time, to keep itmut
of the way, and he minced everything
up ﬁne before he put it in his month.

After supper he went out to play.
There were Will, Tim and Eddie, his
chums, waiting around outside. Bob-

“Haven’t

 
I.
,l/ "J

0

~— .

V -»
o~.oeI¢-o 0....

 
~ ammonium his looeetoothald

' never come down.

is! fat earner
. . a” .b

létlthomwoel how loose a m. ~
, _ ,‘erh-b-better t-t-tie the s-ee‘tring‘
V “round'your ear,” said Eddie, who stub
, tere'd, “it 'm-m-might get c-o-ca" ugh!
[In ”something." , ‘ '

So Bobbia..looped‘ the string around
his ear. to keep it out of the way.

“Let's- go over to Mr. Cook "’ salad
Will. “I saw a awful mg new cow
being tooken into his barn this morn‘
n’.” , ,

‘It was cold and blowy'“and Bobbie
wasn’t allowed to stay out late? than
half—past seven, but Mr. Cook’s little
farm was quite near. Oi! paved
the boys, for he was a great end of
theirs.

Alas! When they reached the farm

and Mr. Cook had said: “Heigho
kidsl” and given them each a big, red
apple, Bobble, found that he couldn’t
eat-apples with a loose tooth. So he.
had to put his apple into his blouse
to keep. ' »

__The' boys then went to the barn.
It was dim and spooky inside. Crunch.

crunch; whisk, whisk; rustle, rustle. ‘
could be heard. Will peered around
and said: “Where's the new uni May-
be she's outside in the yard."

- Out they went and there in the cam.
yard lay a big, brown creature. -

“Hello, cow!" cried Will. But the
animal never budgedr

Tim ran to get a handful of hay
with which to tempt her. But Bob
began to climb the gate. Then Tin
got back with the hay Bob‘waa in
the cow-yard and Will was half out
the gate, while Eddie was sitting on
the wall shouting: ”Git up, Mrs.
Cow! Git up!" '

Well, ,the creature did get up ,wltb
akind of snort.

“S—s—s-she’s m-m-mean.” stuttered
Eddie.

Will. ran back to the gate and
climbed on top of it, but Bobble boldly
cried: “Whoa! Quit that!"

Just then Eddie began to say some-
thing that began with a B. The more
excited Eddie was, the more he stut-
tered. All he could say was, “It’s a
b-b-b-b—b-——" "

Bobbie decided that the' cowyare
wasn’t a very healthy place for him
just then, so he began to walk towards
the gate. Well, the cow had been
pawing the ground and suddenly Boll»
his heard a pounding of boots and
felt , a thump in the back. Then--
swish! Up in the air he was tossedl
Good lands! It seemed as if he’d

Tim and Will do-
clared he ﬂew up as high as the old
chestnut tree near the barn. But
what goes up must come down, and
down came Bob with a dreadful thud.

He lay quite still at ﬁrst while his
friends gathered around.

"Are you hurted?” asked Will '
“That critter was a bull, you know.‘

~ They raised Bob up and felt of his
bones to see if any were broken. Then
suddenly Eddie looked at his mouth
and cried: ' -

"Your t-t-t-tooth's gone!”

And so it Ihad.

Bobbie was not’ badly hurt. only
scratched up a \bit, but he never mie
took a bull for a cow again; and the
next time he had a loose tooth he let
his mother pull it out for him, as he'
didn’t“ like the way the bull went
about it.

The Junior Cool:
Baked Lamb

Aline dish .made from the tag 5nd
of a: lamb roast.

Two cupfuls cooken lamb, out iln '

Two dried onions, diced. ’

One cupful cooked carrots, sliced

One green pepper cut in long stripe.

One cupful cooked rice. ‘. ,

If any tomatoes, peas or lamb gravy
are on hand they may be added too.

Put all ingredients into a baking
dish with two captain 'of water. Bring
to a boil. .. ' ., 1
‘ Add, _ one teaspoon salt. two table»

mastitis hiatus and one swims;

  
which:

  
1!: funny for six year
' d brother John are in Do- .

 
51M“ Aunt; Penelo ,ex' I hav never
‘tten to you, so would
to. I am ten years ol in the
. . grade.) our teacher's name is Miss
oenow. We have about 88 pupils. I

. ,ve one lie er and three brothers"'their

tampons" arie, Paul. John and fred
' sisters-in-law. My brother Paul

, s. and my
' Mane an

tréitpand also my brother-in-law Clar-

ease. and sister-in-law Clara are in De-
sister-in—law Theresa is

M » .
,Virginia. We live on .a farm of 80 acres.

have 5 cows 8 heifers and 8 calves»
0111099,.” chic ens, 2 pigs and 2' dap-
. gray horses. The horses’ names are
ub and Colonel. I like to read the let-

ters from the boys and girls and I hope

’ a nine will be in print.-—-—I..ena ‘Schlager,

Br tzman
" her husband is dead.

._ the sixth grade.

'IIawks, Michigan. ~

 
Dear Aunt Penelope: I have been read-
g the letters in~the H. B: F. from the
ys and girls and 'I’ thought I would
write one, too. I am 12 years ol in
I have 8 brothers t eir

names are Don Rich, 11 years old; uis,
i5 years old; Howard, 2 years old. y
mother's name is Ella and my father‘s

name is Henry.» I go to school eve

day. Our teacher's name is Mrs. Moll e
; she has a little girl, Dorothy:

We have one cow

her name is Daisy. We have one cal
and I mules. We work 80 acres of land.
do some 'of the housework and help

. ko care of the children. The teacher
who taught our school last year was a
man, name was John B. LelghtonL
he went to help fight the Germans. Well
his is a‘lovely winter day—Miss Mildred
ich, Hubbardston, Michigan. ,

Dear Aunt Penelope :, Good evening.
You said you wanted us to write and
tell you what we got for Christmas. I
got some hair- ribbons, some cand r, three
aprons, three handkerchiefs. a r ng and
some money and a box of writing paper.
I like the co Dads very much. I re—
gime} a. set of the Giants of Lillipu—

 
, My sister also has a set. I like

story very much. We are not having
any school now on account of the "ﬂu.'
I will be glad .when it starts again. I
like to play in the snow very much; I
likoto make snow men, and I also like to
slide down hill. Our baby has two teeth,
and her cousin has ten. He is just two
ays older than our baby. Thank you
or the Thrift Stamp. Well as it is mail

e I will closeand will try and‘ write
more next time.-—Mabelle Detwiien Mt.
Pleasant, 'Michigan.

Dear Aunt Penelope: I have never
written to you before and I thought I
would like it very much. I am 13 years
old and in the 6th grade. I have three
sisters and one, brother._ My sisters'
names are Goldie, 12; Marjorie, 8'; Doris,
0 months old. We have 8 horses; their

, names are Queen, Esther and Dan, and

\l

we have three cows and one calf 90
chickens. We have 40 acres. We ave
a mile and three-quarters to go to school.
Our teacher’s name is Miss Tottingham.
We have not had the inﬂuenza. There
are about 60 pu ils in our school—Har-
old Finkhouse, tanrton, Michigan.

Dear Aunt xPenelope: I am 12 cars
old and in the seventh grade. My tzach-
or's name is .Miss Vera Merrick. We like
her very much. We have a creek and a
IKI'IIIK. We get all of our water from
t e s ring. In the spring and in Janu—'
ary t e creek is ﬂooded from one hill to
another. We have a large» swing in a
big elm tree and have this fun in the
summer. Now that the snow has come
we can play fox and geese. It is very
ﬁne fun. In the evening when ’We get in
our wood and water we can go out .and

lay. I think all the seasons are nice.
In winter it seems as though it is all
fun. Going to school the snow and ice is
frozen so we can slide on it. ’We can

‘ take our little sleds and slide down the

  
one: not
or ad-

hill and then we go all the way across a
creek-on the ice. Sometimes when our
sled turns we go into a tree; but it is
fun Just the same. It was quite cold
this morning and when I went to feed the
chickens and ig my feet got cold. When
we got our p g the snow was not on the

ground. He is so comical that we named \.

him Charlie—Viola Mosher, Kinde, Mich-
igan.

Dear Aunt Penelope: I am a little

1 ten years old and in the fourth grade.

y papa has taken the ,M. B. F. ever
since itstarted. He likes it very well. I
have been reading the letters that the
ethanbo s and girls’ have written and
thought would like to write, too, and see
it in the paper. We have two horses and
melanomas are Maud and Mike. We
have two cats. their names are Buff and

bu .‘ .We hays one pig, and his name
Is 12%11037 ,and we\ have 22 chickens and

 
nee . all are laying. My sister and I
got; t o city of Lilliputania and we were

, well pleased with it.—Bernice M.- Masher.

lands; Michigan. . ' _. ’
Penelope: I have ' been
Christmas stories and letters
girls have been writing. in
"I'm a git-1-11 years old.
h I have

  
. brother 139.8

 
. Fowler, Michigan.

names or ’ “(and , My
287 years old and he w
called 0 the colors. last July. He. was.
amp. until October when he was
take 311:]! ”pity-h pﬁuﬁonia and died Octo-
' ‘ . s e names are an
arc .Wo .live on a fun: o? 203

  
manna is. not v healthy
I .. ’do most of the war as my
- f‘b away—Freda . Greer,
Gla wintv'i gan. ..
Dear? "Aunt Penelope: I thought I

would write to you. We have two cows
and two horses. There are eight in our
family. I hope you had Merry Christ-
mas and a happy New ear. I have
three brothers and two sisters, the. lit-
tlest, one's name is Ruth Irene, she is 4
years old. My biggest sister’s name is
Muriel Myrtle, she is 12 gears old. I a.

9 years old and in the fth grade. M

biggest. brother’s name is Theodore Free-
man he 8 years old. My other broth-
er’s name is Arthur Orville. he is 14 years
old—Dorothy Walton, East Jordan, Mich.

 
Dear Aunt Penelope: I am a girl 12
years old. I have been reading the let-
ters of the boys and girls in the M. B. F.
and like to read them so thought I would
write one too. I live on a farm of 40
acres with my father and mother and one
brother and two sisters. Their names
are Archie, Christena and Anna and I
have one brother working out and one in
the navy, and I have two other sisters
training for nurses. We have two cows,
one calf two pigs. three horses and two
colts. ell, I guess I will close, expect-
ing to see my letter in print—Phoebe
McKay, St. Charles, Michigan

Dear Aunt Penelope: I have been
reading the M B. F. for some time and
like it very much. My father works out
most of the time. We live on a 40-acre
farm, mother and we children work the
farm.- We live on a hill in a little house.
we have one horse and one cow. I have
five brothers an four sisters living and
two ’sisters dea . Mysister Susie and
brother John are married. One lives in
Marion, Saginaw county and the other
lives in. Waterford, Oakland county. M
brother Theodore is at Camp Custer ye .
My brother Charley is working away.
There are five at home and six with me.
My brothers' and sisters' names are John,
Susie, Theodore Charley, Benene, Ora
Jessie, Annie and Louis the baby he is I

ears old. We live a mile and a half
rom school. My teacher’s name is Miss
Jessie Crane. She is a widow with two
children, one boy Kenneth, and’the girl,
Marion. We love our teacher. Our
school is closed on account of the “flu."
There are four of us going to school. I
am in the 6th and 7th grades. We are
glad the war is over and hope it will not
come again. This is all for the ﬁrst let-
ter.-—-Miss Etta Crites, Brant, Mich.

Dear Aunt Penelope: This is my first
time to write to you. We live on a forty-
acre farm. I have two brothers, Clem-
ens and Clarence. We have four horses,
two cows and fourteen pigs. I am a boy
10 years old and am going to school. My
teacher’s name is Miss Post. I am in
the fourth grade. My father takes the
M. B. I". and likes/it very well. I like
the Doc Dads very much and wish them
to be in every paper.-—Ernest Schneider,

 
Dear Aunt Penelope: This is the first
time I have written to you. I am 12
years old and in the 8th grade, and I
weigh abbu 90 lbs. I go to the Ranneﬁy
school. I 0 love to read the M. B. .
1 am . and 2 inches high. I have a
eat it is black and white; its name is
Biliy Burke. We have a team, their
names are Dolly and Babe. The cows
names are Jerse and Bessie.—Muriel
Walton, East Jor an, Michigan.

Dear Aunt Penelope: This is the ﬁrst
time I have written to you. I am 12
years old and I am 4, ft., 6 inches tall. I
have light hair and blue eyes. I am
buying Thrift Stamps. I have one pet
cat, his name is Tom. Cattle, horses and
other things too numerous to mention. I
hope to hear from some boy or girl of my
age—Marion McKeage,, East Jordan,
Michigan.

 
\
' Dear Aunt Penelo :\ I am a little
girl 9 years old an am in the fourth
ads. I have 3 brothers, Gordon is 11
. enneth is 7, Russell is 3 years old. I
helped to pull beans and pick up pota‘
goes, and helped to take care of the gar—
en.
Papa takes M. B. F. and likes it very
much. I have nearly a. mile and a half
to go to school —’— Margaret Lather, Wil-
'imsburg, Michigan. '

 
Dear Aunt Penelope: I haven't written
before, but thought I would. I am a
boy 9 years old andllive on an I88—acre
farm. I have one brother and one. sister,
their names are Laura and Edwin. I am
in the ﬁfth grade. My teacher's name is
Mabel Schannamin. : She has been sick
since September: the teacher who has
taken her place is Sadie ‘Dunnington. I_
have one and one-half miles to go to
school. We have four horses and one
”u'aﬁf’icnmmn‘? “3%” B“ ' 1%“?
say 0 . co :3 name ,
she will be two years, old next May. ,, e

- their namesare Dot and

Bose, one calf,» its name is Captain.
and pigs, we have and two,
their names are Sousio and Sandy. For
pets I have a dog and three cats, their
names are .Tommy and ttonfoot.
The a name is Prince.- We vs about
so , , one gome a turke .
I for we 6

 
I am glad that the war is over.»

   
tein feeds.

Our best grade cull beans analyze Moisture 8.60 %, Protein 88.“. :
' Crude Fat 1.88, Crude Fibre 4.88%

Cull Bean Pickingsyton
Cull Bean Millings,

Sacks included, t.o.h. Port Huron, Mich. 10¢ each allowed on returned sacks.
You can produce a pound of pork cheaper .on cull beans than any

other food.

Mix hundred pounds mlddlings with hundred pounds cooked cull beans
and reduce your feed per cow. including ensilage cost, to around 40c per
day, and increase your milk production from ten to forty per cent.

Other prices as follows:

Corn and Oat Chop
Gluten Feed .

Old Process Oil Meal ............
Cluck Cluck Scratch Feed

Oyster Shells

Sacks included, f.o.b. shipping point.

Send us your order for cull
money.

Farmers are paying $60 to $80 per ton for prepared 20%
Why tﬁis waste and loss?

   
vrr.

ton -

..... . . . . .$58.00.Ton
60.00 Ton

Feed

70.00 Ton
25.00 Ton

beans and other feeds. We save you

 
PORT

 
PORT HURON

What 915“";ng

Youﬁgjiglion’sﬁapjig

Mien. ‘

 
Gurus-center of cultural-Ion: history is My
made at this world capltal. The Pathﬁnders
(y uuleu gives you a clear. Im-
partial and correct diagnosis of public affairs
during these strsnuous, epoch-maklng days.

 
Washington. the horns-of the Pathﬁnder, Is the

. n stamps or coin will bring y
ﬁnder 13 weeks on trial. The Pathﬁnderisan illustrated weekly.
published at the Nation‘s center.for the Nation ; a paperthatpdate
all the news of the worldandtcils the truth and onlythetruihzm

ltcosts but‘l a year. If you want to keep posted on w aiis gob.
on in the world. attheleastexpcnse of time or money. this is you

 
means. "you want- paper in your home which is sincere. reliable. entertaining. wholesome, the Pathﬁnder is yours. I! you
would appreciate a paper which puts everything clearly. fairly. briefly-here it is. Send 1!: to sliowthat you mlghtllke suchl

paper, and we will send the Pathﬁnder on probation 13 weeks,
The 15: does not repay us: we are glad to invest in new friends.

The Pathﬁnder, Box 3 , Washington, 0.0.

in its 26in year. This paper ﬁlls the bill withoutcmptyin the purse; .

HURON STORAGE MEAN (O .
1604 SO.WATER Sn.

1,

 
Baumgarten’s

Tested Seeds

Years of experience back of
them and in no other business is
expert knowledge so necessary.
Reduce the high cost of living
by having a garden and grow
your oWn vegetables. Whatever
is worth growing either in veg-
etables or ﬂowers are listed in
Baumgarten’s Catalog. Baum-
gartm’s early Marketeer Toma-
toes—best and earliest on earth
~ﬁfteen cents a packet.

Send for our 1919 catalog.

[1‘ IS FREE

Chas. M. Baumgarten Seed Co.
312 Third Street

luv cm, MICHIGAN

 
H

n e
rive and demonstrate. en'itory open.
1- money

-s vs acne er- . .cer. nominate? r -
-l I J I-Z—Donigo lgm—D note Stg. and“.
“or articular- of ellipses-t ‘1‘ yum catalog.
Biguone . Cars e 18 ; - I

Bué seeJ. .Bueh .-‘
moron cm, Bush female. ,.

Vgsi'hippo‘ci on Approve:

 
{Choice Blended Family Flour -

for bread or pastry at wholesale
l direct from mill. Write for prices. ‘

Avoca Milling 00., Avoca, Mich. V’

   
BIG TYPE P. 0.. I have a few ex »

Their breeding traces to the best herd.
111., Iowa and Neb.
C. E. GARNANT, Eaton Rapids.

 
BUTTEBCUPS—“The Fowls thee _
Weigh and pay." Winners of allot
season's ﬁrsts at Detroit, Royal Oak
Michigan State Fair. Mrs. R.

Cowles, 34% Linwood Ava, Detroit} ~.

  
BUY FARMS OF THE OWN“

for our new co-operative plan where

buyer goes direct to the owner -witho
the meddlesome land agent. You
sell anytime, to anyone for any pr

 
terms on our‘ lan. New era in sell
farms. Write games Slocum. Land Dep
Dotroi

 
National Gleaner Temple,

 
Woodland Border Stock Farm

Offers a splendid two-year—old grand-
son of the great bull Dutchland
Creamelle Lad. Dam. a
cow though untested.
nicely marked, a' triﬂe more
and a good ind! _
Also a three-mo
sired by same sire as above.
, Young 1 calf the daughter of a
40.8! lb. bull. Cal! nearly white and
a beauty. For further information
address,
FRED LORD, We, Michigan.

chasm-reads 8°
equ p wor .- ‘.
W’il‘l furnish references. W12: s
Redford, Mich. R.F.D. No. ‘2.

 
1 was! A ran for sale
won’t pull results n our "Want-
buti: ouwaat a arm,
sh: anew
r . .
ﬁrm. .s. . 1‘ ,

em?
Farm

   
_ are a readerfofwshig
; ..\ ‘ ‘ : {its

 
. , when you write any advertise!- in our weekly ,
an Business Farming? They are friends of
. . ‘ 1 - o , I 2 _ > 2’ . : ,

will you mention

/

If you want to buy or sell farms. m

m1

   
' ,thduea‘nda like eencal

"HOTEL FORT SHELBY
. DETROIT 3' -
Rates $l.§2 to $3.29
250 Rooms with
Bath at $222

Youwill like the Fort Shelby
because it is quiet, convenient
to the depots, the docks, and
to downtown Detroit, and be-
cause it provides Servidor

450 weROOMS with every
service feature to be found' in
the ﬁnest hotel—at a reason-
able price.

250 ROOMS with Bath
at $2.00

Lafayette Blvd. and First St.

 
nncumcinnsmiwnsnmc
PROBLEMS SOLVED

FARMERS-Nowis thetime to
send me your name. I can show
you how 2men can now do more
work' in a day than 100menbyold
th.ods I wanttotell you the
3;. story of a wonderful tool that
,3: is revolutionizing farming. It
solves the drainage, irri atlon
and soil washing pro lems.
Cute down labor and in-
.. sures ig crops. t the full
" story n my new free drainage
book and catalog. l'ySend me your name.

FARM DITCHER—TERRACER—GRADER
Ill Steel Reversible, tsetse Utethne
, Simple and practical. Cute V-ehae
. open drain e, irrigation or
‘ down to d t. deep: cleans elde
back ﬁlls tile ditches des reads,
dink] lids armterraces,

es and levees; .'

works In an soil
d3. , I and
6-horae zea, large
size ﬁne for tractor.
‘ Writeforfreedrain-
age, irrigation and
tenacing catalog
and our proposition.
“dress W. 3.81515

_ Owensboro Ditcher -
8: Grader Co.
. - Box 418
Owensbom.
Ky.

Model 20

 
I Produce
More
Food

toduc- *

INCREASE your
dairy

tion of beef an
products with 11

um your .

your ai-

crop. .

’ J. M. PRESTON co.

M m anoint. Mich.

‘1” ﬂer onClimax Silage
Out‘t‘eetrggnidwell Thresher. .

 
37am msELr-oluna wpunmu

become so opul at ind its ﬁrst our yeareth
for to replace. on their
oldtosvere. other makes all mills. and to replace. at
unallocahthe e.}earing of theearl' ier

' Aermotora.m mg them eeli-oil- .

oeed otor .
e oi an
dust and

I -' TheSplaeh on.

 
' Nl' « .. ng-D ll

Wewford (West) —— Our
thaw has commenced. Not enough
snow in the roads for sleighing‘. This
is a winter that the likes of which
has not been seen in many'years. It
is a surprise to the people Of this coun-
try to witness such an open winter.
Cattle can do quite a bit of grazing on
the hills and high places The fol-
lowing prices were paid at Cadillac
this week: rye, $1.80; hay, $30; po-
tatoes, $1.30 to $1.40 cwt.; cabbage, 20
1b.; onions, $1.30; hens, 18 to 22;
springers, 21; ducks, 23; geese, .19;
butterfat, 63; eggs, 55; hogsl dressed,
19 to 20; beef, dressed, 10 .to 11 ; veal
calves, dressed, 15 to 18.——S. H. 8.,
Harrietta, Jan. 21.

Arenas (EMU—The weather at this
writing is very mild; snow gone; and

freezing nights and thawing days:

The mildness of the winter has drop-
ped the price of hay and it is \rather
slow. Beans dropped another 25 cts.
and most local elevators are tempor-
arily out of the market. Buckwheat
dropped 50c cwtr, oats off 4c a bushel,
while peas gained some. 'The freez-
ing and thawing is injuring the fall-
sown grains badly. Auction sales are
getting more numerous as the spring
months draw near and all seem to
have big crowds and high prices. Dif-
ferent meetings have been postponed
on account of the epidemic of lnﬂu-

enza and therefore it makes the win- .

ter seem longer. Live stock seems to
be wintering well. Dairy products
are off to some extent, same is true
in regard to eggs.~—M. B. R., Twining,
Jan. 29.

Missaukee (N. C.)——Farmers are
drawing gravel on the roads and cut-
ting wood What time they have after
doing their chores. The weather is
ﬁne; the mildest winter I have ever
seen here, and the least snow this time
or year. The farmers around Stitts-
ville have built a telephone line and
it is working ﬁne. A few potatoes
have been moving this mild weather
at $1.35 cwt., but are off ten cents
no'w. The following prices were of-
fered here this week: cats, 75; rye.
$1.40; hay, $30; potatoes, $1.25; but-
ter, 50; butterfat. 60; eggs, 55.—H.
E. N.. Cutcheon, Jan. 24.

Calhoun (N.E.)-——So much sickness
the farmers are not doing much. The
weather is ﬁne. We cannot get onto
the ﬁelds to haul manure. Bad for
wheat, but does not appear to be dam-
aged yet. Lots of time for that as the
damage came last year in March and
April. Cold and dry, a good many
ﬁelds ruined entirely. The farmers

have sold about everything they have -

had to sell. I would like to see the
farm bureau idea succeed. We have
got'to organize. We must quit grumb-
ling, pull down the red ﬂag and get
down to business ,get together and
“stick." Too many of us run up our
red ﬂag and ﬁnd fault. thus giving our
oppressors a full view of our man-
euvers and we are ﬂanked on every
wing. The trouble is we have too
many farmers who don't help. The
following prices were quoted at Oll-
vet this week: Wheat, $2.15; oats,

55; rye, $1.35; hens, 15 to 18; spring- -

61's, 15 to 17; butter, .55; butterfat,
67; eggs,__38 to 54; sheep, 4 to 8;
lambs, 10 to 13; hogs, 15 to 16. 50;
beef steers, 7 to 10; beef cows, 4 to 8;
Veal calves $15. ——.G. R., Olivet, Jan. 26.

Clinton (8.W.)-——Roads are in such
condition that farmers are unable to
haul produce to market. Butter ‘took

\

January ,

,teed scarce.

.60 to 70; butter, 45;

 
a drop of 160 per 1b. in the last two

. weeks on accountof the government

throwing vast amounts on- the mar-
ket.
Bran and feed prices
have been raised $15 per ton by the
millers since Jan. 1, but of course,
the farmer is the only proﬁteer men-
tioned by our city papers, who know
less about farming than a cow about
astronomy. The "following prices
were quoted at Fowler this week:
Wheat, $2.20; corn, 60; oats, 56; rye,
$1.50; hay', $19; beans, $7; hens, 18;
springers, 19;. ducks, 19; geese, 20;
butter, 45; butterfat, 51; eggs, 44;
sheep, $10; lambs, $13; hogs, $15.50;
beef steers, 7 to $9.50; beef cows, $6.
—T. B., Fowler, Jam. 28.

Man/lstee (N.E.)——Farmers are cut-
ting wood, going to sales and some
are working in the woods. Weather
some cooler. The following prices
offered at White Cloud this week:
Potatoes, $1.25 cwt.; beans, $6.50;
buckwheat, $2.25 cwt.; rye, $1.25;
wheat, $1. 95’; butter, 40 to 45; eggs,
40; butterfat, 50.—-.H A., Bear Lake,
Jam. 29.

Ogemaw (Central)—Snow is all off
the ﬁelds, freezing nights and thaw-
ing day time makes it hard on winter
grain and new seeding. Farmers are
not doing much but choreswithprac-
tically nothing being sold. All kinds
of farm produce certainly took an
awful drop. What we farmers have
to buy in the way of clothing, shoes
and rubbers and all kinds of farm
tools have not had a slump yet, so that
one could notice it. The following
prices were quoted at West Branch
this week: Wheat, $2.06; oats, 56;
rye, $1.20; hay,'$17 to $18; potatoes,
butterfat,' 50;

gs, 45; hogs, live, 14 to 15; dressed,
18, apples $1. —-W. N. West Branch,
Jan. 31.

Calhoun (N.W.)‘-—Farmers are get-
ting up wood and drawing manure.
Weather is ﬁne, no snow. The prices
quoted in Battle Creek this Week are
as follows: Wheat, $2.18; oats, 60;
rye, $13.50; hay, $28; potatoes, $1.00;
hens, 25; turkeys, 30; butter, 50; eggs,
60; hogs, $16.25; beef steers, 8; beef
cows, 6; veal calves, 14; apples, $2.

Berrien (West)-——Weather ﬁne and
many farmers taking advantage of it.
by plowing. If the present weather

. continues farmers will have all their
spring plowing done by March‘ 1st.

Hay is moving steadily to market.
All the old apple orchards are being
pulled out by tractors .andcut into,
wood.‘ Quite a number of new trac-

Jors are being bought in this_local-

ity and they are doing good work; one

3 dressed veal, 16 to 18 .L—O

Live stock in good condition but ,

«some every day.

to $23; barley, $1_‘15 cwt.;
and wheat-oat straw, $9; buckwheat,
~82. 50 cm; ratatoes,‘ 753 bii .

. . 1

m I} I ryél _‘ 3,
.- ~_ . 1wheatéoat-straw3-r-81 pots
' onions, $1.25; hens, 20;

springs
butter, 50; butteriat, 6

Feb. :1.

8t. .‘Joseph (Eden—Some farmers
sre drawing manure, getting up’ b'u

piles and hauling wood. The weather ,7

is lovely, better than We ought to have.
for this time“. of year.

craps and the wheat fields iook- pret- 1::
ty yellow. Some repair Work on build-

lugs done. Horses sold high at a we,

near Findley last week. The mewing
prices were paid at Colonthis week: "
Wheat, $2.12 to $2.15;
oats, 60; rye, $1. 50; butter, 45, eggs,
45 .—-M'. W., Colon, Feb 1..
Jackson (N. E.)—-—0wing to the one;

.. weather1ll week farmers have done

considerable, cutting, buzzing . and ,_
drawing wood. The roads are badly
rutted owing to cold nights and Warm
days drawing the frost out of the
ground. Not \much being sold at
present. Some ”ﬂu” cases still on,‘
hand here. A meeting has been called .
for the purpose of forming a co—oper- "
ative stock shipping association. Any
effort along this line naturally meets
With vigorous opposition from the
“old line” stock buyers, but the result
it carried out is highly beneﬁcial to"
the farmer. In most cases why can't
arrangements be made and absorb the
stockbuyer with his ability and there
by make a success of the enterprise.
The following prices were paid' at
Munith this week: Wheat, $2.13to
$2.15; oats, 58; rye, $1.25; hay, $18
to $20; hens, 18; springers, 20; but-
ter, 35; butterfat, 40; eggs, 35to 38;
hogs. $16.50.———W., Mnnith, Feb. I.
Wwford (West)—Some cold west
Winds, ut otherwise it'has been ﬁne
weather. Some snow but not enough
for sleighing, only in places. This has
been a very nice Winter so far. The
following prices were “quoted at Cadils "
lac this week: Corn, $3.25; oats, 85;
rye, $1.40; hay, $30; potatoes, $1.30; _
onions, $1.35; hens, 16 to 19; spring. .
ers, 18; butter, 47; butterfat, 53; ‘55:
hogs, 16 to 17; beef steers, 10 to 14; 3
veal calves, live, 10 to 11; dressedh',
15 to 18.—8. H. 8., Harriette, Jan. 30.’ "
Kent (N.E_.)—Weather )fair and 'a
little cold. Snow all gone. Roads are '
frozen hard and rough traveling. It
freezes hard every night and thaws
No apparent dam-
age to wheat yet, but there is plenty
of time for it to occur if this kind of
weather keeps up. Jan. 25th the

‘ writer saw two farmers plowing, some-

thing unusual for thigtime of year. A
good many farmers will buy trucks"
the coming year, freight rates pota-
to grading, dishonest Weight and low
prices have forced them to this move.
The following prices were offered at
Greenville this week: Wheat, $2.18;
corn, $1.40; cats, 60; rye, $1.30; potar'
toes, $1. 30 to $1. 35; hens, 20; spring-
ers, 20; butter, 45; eggs, 45; sheep,
10; lambs, 15; hogs, 16c live, 210
dressed; beef steers, 9c; beef cows, 7;
veal calves, 9 to 11; apples, $1.50 to’

$2. —-G. M. W. Greenvllle, Jan. 31.

Tuscola (Central)—Nothing doing
much but doing chores and cutting
wood. A few are drawing out man-
ure. Weather is ﬁne for this time of
year, with no snow. Not much sell-
ing now; no market for beans now
and that is about all we have to sell
now as our potatoes are so we can’t

. get at them, and there is not much

sale for them anyway. Some farmers ‘
are buying hay to food. There was
illicit ’still found about four and a
half miles west of here last Week.

‘They were making from 15 to 20

gallons a day of white whiskey and
selling it at Detroit at from $5 to $10
a quart. The fOllOwing prices Were
offered at Caro this week: Wheat,‘
$2.10; oats, 50; rye, $1.20; hay, $20
rye Etta

 
. Ground freezes? ':
“ . and thaws every day, hard on winter

corn 51. 20% j__ ‘3


‘f'ldslited' Poultry- ‘ _ redeipts have
r'ettihgthened. this market and prices
- millishtly higher. - Quotations this
web are. about as. follows‘: No. 1

springs, 80 to 81c; small springs, 28
to 890; hens, 31 to 32c; small hens and
inherits, 29 to 30¢; roosters, 20 to
no:
rue;

geese, 28 to 29c; ducks, '35 to
turkeys, 36 to 37c per pound. ‘

  
,Chicag'o Live Stock Letter
(By Special Correspondent)

Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111.,
Pet} 8.—One or the lightest Monday
runs of the winter season was un-
loaded at the Union Stock Yards for
the initial market for the week when
less than 1,000 cars arrived. The
chief cause of this marked falling off
in receipts was the fact that an em-
bargo was placed against hog arriv-
als b the Railroad Administration
in or er to enable the trade to make
s clean-up of stale holdings in the
yards.‘ Other departments of the

‘trade’ were moderately supplied and
the undertone of the general market
was strong. Receipts in all branches
last week were considerably. lighter
than the week previous, the actual
run for the week ending February 1,
bei 53,017 cattle, 9,620 calves, 217,-
674 age, and 67,880 sheep, against
88.888 cattle, 13,300 calves,‘ 243,844
hogs, and 86,959, sheep for the week
ending January 25th. '

Market on beef and butcher cattle
last week was featured by an uneven
advance of 25 to 50 cents, traceable

‘ largely to lighter supplies. Canners
and cutters as well as calves, however,
failed to share in the advance and
closed 25 to 50 cents lower. Bulk of
receipts continue to lack quality with
choice and prime heavy steers as
scarce as ever. Two loads of the lat-

,ter kind arrived on Monday's ’mar-
ketgwhich averaged 1,430 pounds and
sold 'at $20.00 per cwt., equaling the
top made during January for prime
heavy bollocks. The general beef
steer trade has ShOan a development
of strength and the prices paid on
the opening day of this week com-
pel-A favorably with the high time of
ten/days ago. Bulk of the sales of
beef steers arriving are now at a
spread of $14 to $17.50, with plainer
varieties, unsuitable for stocker and
feeder purposes, quotable from $9.75
140413.50. Feeder .market has been
erratic, closing last week at the low
point, generally 25 to 50c lower. At
the opening this week, however, in
sympathy with improvement ,in fat
cattle‘demand prices showed .strength
and part\of last week’s decline was
regained. sales being largely 25 cents
higher. Heavy ﬂeshy feeders, with
‘quality, are quoted from $13.25 to
814, though as high as $15 has been
paid for steers for short feed, medi-
an to good kinds of stonkers and
feeders are going from $10 to $13.
weighing from 700 to. 900 pounds.

Urgent shipping demand played
an important partin the butcher stock
department both ‘at the close of last
Week and the opening session this
week and advances of from 50 cents
to $1 have been scored from the low
time of the previous week, carrying
Values back to high time of the seas-
on, exceptions being noted on com-
mon heifers, canners, cutters and veal
calves. Choice fat heifers sold up to
the-$15 mark, while the general run
at good and choice fat cows and belt-
ers are selling from $10 to $13.50.
With medium and common kinds
largely .at $7.50 to $10. with came“
and- cutters from $5.75 to $7. BOI-
ognas are selling from $8.25 to $9.35.
‘with,; beef buns, from $9.50 to $13.
Veilsﬁ‘rehiained steady at the open--
Mﬂth the" choice kinds command-
at; . _ ' pm» ”3.50 to .31425.

W p‘ “ t-Naction in shutting off

f" “hogs; “ 'uptil the - accu-
» ‘haahed up proved
mg: " ion of

like ’ﬂcent. saw
the good to chill“

__ -. w. '
all; have :co

  
from $17.60. to $17. 1 , g8 "
and mixed [droves from, $17.25 .
$17.55, heavy packing from $16.50 up.
Pigs and underweight lights weighing
from 150. pounds down are. selling
from $13 to' $15.50,. depending upon
weight and Condition. At a meeting
held at ~Washington January 28th it
Was decided that-January prices would
continue in effect during the present
month. '

'Moderate supplies of all classes of

live mutton on this market both last
week and the opening session of the
current week proved the bull factor
in determining prices and the general
price tendency has been upward.
Lambs and yearlings were favored
last work. and closing prices were
quoted as 35 to 50 cents higher, while
Monday’s deal was on a strong to 15c
higher basis than the close. Sheep
values held their own and show minor
changes, slight strength being quoted
0n the best kinds. High sale for
lambs reached $16.85, with choice
kinds selling from $16.60 to $16.80,
medium to fair killing grade at a
spread of $15 to $16.25 and culls
downward from $14.25. Feeding
lamb demand is slightly in excess of
the supply coming and the undertone
to the deal shows strength, good kinds
being quoted from $14 to $15.25,'while
as high as $15.50 was paid for a ﬂeshy
grade 0n the sh aring order. Choice
medium and ha dy- weight yearlings
wethers are on a $14.50 to $14.75
basis, with heavy yearlings from
$13.75 to $14.25, while good to choice
aged 'wethers from $11.50 to $12.00,
and good to choice ewes from $10.25
to $10.75.

BRAN OUTLOOK DOES NOT
WARRANT LOWER PRICES

 
There are well informde men in'the
tradl‘. who ,hold the opinion that bran
prices will show a decline, because of
the quantities of corn, rye and barley
feeds which conditions will make
available. We do not concur in this

" opinion, unless 3 big export ﬂour

trade develops to stimulate mill oper-
ation, aqevelopment much .to be de-
sired. The government and the War
Department cancelled a good many
contracts and still have a fair quantity
of bran on hand, ,but it‘ will not be
long before the government will again
be in the market for supplies. An in-
crease in output would be most desir-
able. It means more reasonable feed
prices, cheaper dairy products, and a
demand ﬁlled instead of short—Mar:
ket Record.

Your sample copies of the M. B. F
I believe I need

are very i ressive.
our paper or one year at least—Ar-
hur M. Cook, Montcalm county.

 
I am sending you my renewal and al—
so my neighbor’s to the best farm paper
in the state. It is the only paper that I
have got hold of that stands for the

‘ farmer all the time.—J. L. Youleh, Char-

levoix county.

 
Have “been taking Michigan Business
Farming for one year and think it is
just the kind of a. paper we all ought to
help along. We like M. B. F. real well
and thinkdt is aiming at the right mark.
——-R. J. .Hockstra, Montcalm county.

 
We are proud of having one paper
that will stand tip for the farmers of
Michigan—Ethel . Poe, Oceana county.

  
5:.

  
) peels“ i to? :to
Lime Users during
February 1......

 
..

  
Order it Now—Haul it Now—Pay
For It When You Use It i

Spring is approaching—the most important Spring in all
our history. -

The end of hostilities in Europe places 200,000,000 more
people on our food list, in addition to 100,000,000 in Allied
countries to when) we have been supplying food and in
addition to ourselves. -

We need this Spring to be prepared—all prepared to go
at and ﬁnish every operation on time and in the most efﬁ-
cient way.

Knowing this, we have made a s ecial proposition to lime
users, so that they may order their line now, have it delivered
now, haul it now when hauling will not interfere with other
work, and pay for it when they use it.

 
Orders. Placed During February

-—will be billed for April ﬁrst payment. If paid between
April first and tenth, you are allowed a 3% cash discount,
or if you prefer not to his. advantage of the discount you
need not pay until June 30th. when you will pay in full
without discount.

Our sister company. the Semet-Solvay Com any. produces Arcadium
Ammonium Sulphate as a by-product oi: coke. . unn 1919 we Will mem-
tain a stock of this material at our quarries in Sibley. e believe, as ﬁrst-
hand distributors, we will be able to furnish nitrogen to the farmers of
your state very economically. We shall be very 3 ad to quote on ship-
ments of Arcadium Ammonium Sulphate dunng the seasons.

SOLVAY PROCESS COMPANY
Jefferson Avenue Detroit, Mich.

         
Seed Corn}

Northern Grown " \

Early Méturing Varieties

Adapted to the climatic conditions and ., . , .
short seasons of Michigan and other . g ‘ “ . ,
northern states. Your corn crop is important. > ,
Make it proﬁtable by planting lsbell's im-
proved, high-yielding varieties. You Will be
sure to harvest a good crop of sound, ripe Corn before
frost. Write for Isbell 1919 Seed Catalog and FREE
Seed Corn Sam lee. We specialize in the followmg
leading sorts an many other varieties:

Isbell'e First Choice—the best early yellow dent corn.
Silver King—the prize winner white dent.
Northwestern Dent—the earliest dent corn.

hbell's Sure Thing Dent—8311129101)”. .

White Cap Yellow Dent—for the lighter sods.

Flint Corn and Ensilage Corn.

000000.
93100030000

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S. I. lebell 8: 00., lechallc St, Jackson, Mich.

 
re

 
D

 
It pays to buy .mxTanMj with salt the year

0 «a '. ':

eepsawsyWonns
V‘rlysandlicks »

. . ~ﬁt‘1ﬁ7fgﬁgg'ﬂl ~

O‘l‘. {Your Flock .

. / . ‘ h , ”NatureendCareofSheep”
* ‘ i ”9““ VIII” ; ‘ :'~ ‘7 ARSONS CHEMICAL

 
around keeps ﬂock healthy and
'- ' freed from stomach worms and
‘ ticks. A $5.00 box makes $00.00
, worth of medicated salt—saves you
. , big money—A $1.00 size box of
e f -' win} by'pa‘rcel post Will

' " "‘medicate % barrel of salt.

Write for club otter—booklet on

.li.
U'u

   
"wosiés
1' _ M I) l

 
' V” Whitmtsuﬁon.

A 1., M.

  
’ balance seeded.

and Ludington.

A good frame barn 40x80 ft.
tire barn.

A good frame garage.

ing it can be bought for $1,500.

 
My home for sale, $4,500'takes it. I am 76' years old‘ and can-
not farm any longer. Lived here for 50 years.

This farm consists of 85 acres. .
It is level, all cleared, tillable, sand gravel soil.
Well fenced. It is on the-main auto trunk line between Saginaw
It is located two miles from the county seat,
Hersey. A spring creek ﬂows thru the barnyard. _
A description of buildings as follows, as you will see in the picture:
A good brick house, 11 rooms besides closets. Finished in cherry and

oak, furnace, cellar, cistern, woodshed, etc.
Two driveways and basement under en—

A driving shed 261136 ft., with root cellar under entire building.
A double corn crib with driveWay. .
A frame chicken c00p and hog pen combined.

If you want more land, a 40 acres well fenced, level, tillable soil join-
Or an 80 acres cornering it, level, spring
creek, well fenced, half of it or better woodland and rest tilla‘ble, for $3,000

If you are not interested in the above farm, keep it, talk about it, and
give it to some one that is. Would be pleased to hear from you.

JAMES MCKINSTRY, Hersey, Mich.

32 acres sowed to fall grain,

 
1 Quality Firs
DePUY’S seeps FIRST AID To econ CROPS

The are Northern Grown and must stand the most severe tests
for purity and germination.

our Quality seeds insurance at low cost.

give the buyer an advantage

OUR 1919 SEED BOOK
and samples of any Farm Seeds
request. Don’t buy anything for either
you investigate our values.

THE C. E. DePUY C0,,

Our first effort is to supply the best qual-
ity that skill, experience and money can
produce, making '

give the grower practical crop
Light
overhead expenses enable us to
in QUALITY and PRICE.

you wish to buy, Free on

Garden or Field until
PONTIAC, MICH-

 
12-25 Waterloo Boy, 8-16 Bull,
complete used machinery list.

 
118 Superior St.

4' FOR SALE

Us ed. Machinery~

One 5—10 Avery gas tractor, two 8-16 Avery tractors, all nearly new,
30-60 Huber, 25-45 IHC. Write us for
Buy used machinery and save money.

THE BANTING MANUFACTURING CO-

TOLEDO, OHIO

 
BROWN SWISS

    
D O . ,
H‘e‘rd Sire: RosahndB s Nestor 5401
Hi dam, Rosalind B. Champion 5 yr.
01 R."O. -P. 16,804.4 le. milk 727.64
lbs. fat. Will soon have some of ms
'_ get for sale. _ . v _.

, At‘ preSent we have for-sale Butter-
wOrth of Huron No. 6787, born March
26th. 1918, a son out~of- a, full sister
, ital-Edna C. 3rd No. 5092., champion 4
,, ayi‘i old R. 0.17 ’P. 316,497,627 1).)8.‘mllk,w

' - :(lﬁgéd lbs. fat. r.

. , " veral male calves‘7'and a few fe—

,: .H'erd under Federah vernment eon-
" 'ﬁ‘ol and tested! 1‘ tn _culi_ne.: y 3

   
Notice
To Subscribers

When sending a change or
correction of address,——or when
writing us about anything con-
cerning your subscription, ——
please be"sure to send the yellow
address label from the front
cover. . - '
This will help us’ to give the'
matter prompt and carefullat-
_tention. l ' ' “ " ,

MICHIGAN BUSINESS Maniac;

  
MT. -crsusxs,~inicu*

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g , .. -..

 
’ unknown. “Th

' .5731?» '

inc :om Adcge sun true, “Ah ﬁrearm .....n§i§hii4i’vw°"ftj" "4‘": 1,, m4 "0]

_ HE- FOLLOWING ,sueensrlehsgreigts tame-prevention
‘ putting out of ﬁres inpri’Vate game‘s: "'Tlieégheatingsystem, silo.
arranged "that its ﬁre is entirelyoutsidethejcgerage itself. where,
line vapors can, by any ”possibility, mach‘itti'”,the ron’ly;..exception to .;th,is g
being the useof garage heaters approved by. the Uhder‘writers for'iecation Wt. .
. the garage proper.-. If the ﬂoor is at wood,.alil’vays~use- drip pans under the-ice”.
. to catch oil and gasoline and clean theseout frequently. ‘If inﬂammablenieter '1,
leis are spilled upon, the ﬂoor, soak .thembpwwith-sawdust and removeitgatg‘x
once. If there is even a possibility that "the gasoline syst‘em-deaks,,-shnt 0le- théfa};
for any cons'iderable‘length ‘of time. . Use; ;
kerosene, not gasoline for cleaning and do not leave either liquid ‘exposedjt'o '
portable lamp ﬁtted with a'guard, . -
the garage.” If yousmell'gasoline prong“

supply at the tank, when the car is left
the air.

Avoid the lighting ‘of matches within
entering it, be especially careful. Do

if they are used upon the ‘car itself.

 
VALUE OF AUXILIARY AIR DEVICE
I send you a circular describing a

hand—regulated auxiliary air into the
intake pipe, above the carburetor. Will
the use of this have any injurious ef-
fects upon the engine? Will it ac-
complish 50 per cent. of what is claim—
ed for it?——0. F. G. ‘

ljure your engine and, if you are will-
ing to usevit consistently and intelli-
gently it may accomplish .at least 50
per cent. of the good claimed for it.
If the car to whichit is applied has
a carburetor; that delivers generally
or at times, an unnecessarily rich mix-
ture, the admission of auxiliary air
will correct this defect and\lead to
greater fuel economy (especially at
high engine speeds), more pbwer, un-
'\der certain circumstances and reduc-
ed carbonization from gasoline soot.
The good results obtainable from the
use of this device will be great in pro-
portion to how faulty the. carburation
is in the engine to which it is applied.
Whenthe carburetor used is well ad-
justed and si provided with an ade-
quate hand adjustment (which the op-
erator makes use of), the auxiliary
air device effects the least improve-
ment. -
engine is .used as a brake, as it then

Use electric lights only and have the

device designed-to admit a supply of.‘

This attachment canndt possibly in—-

It is a good thing, when the.

‘;

not .let oily waste or cloths accumulate. ,x.

If oil or gas lamps are used upon any of the cars, see that they are extinguished ‘
before. leaving. Provide at least oné‘fire ektin‘guisher of the carbon tetrachlorv
‘ide type, in addition to that On the car.
extinguishers and are more effective upon gasoline ﬁres. . ,
ﬂour are all good extinguishers of small gasoline ﬁres, but it makes, a bad 1.13983

These-"do not freeze as do the soda
Sand, sawdust” and

a

 
~ saves considerable fue1.x Sometimes
theSe devices are used to considerable
advantage at ﬁrst but are notvope‘r-
“after

y ated consistently
wears off." .’

the new ’

 
REPEATED AXLE SHAFT FAILURES
I have had considerable trouble
with the rear end“ of my“ car from the
axle shafts breaking short off, where ~
they are inserted into the, differential
gears. Sci/many of these hav‘e‘had to
be replaced that I am becoming dis-
couraged and other users of my’make
of car have had the same trouble.
What can you suggest?-—B. P..-C. -

It is inadvisable for you to contin-
ue to replace these bro-ken shafts with
new 01165 no better than those which
have failed, becaiise it is evident that
these br‘eakages are the result of in-
herent defects in the design, material
or heat. treatment of, this part. The
manufacturer should furnish you‘ With,
improved shafts, that are. free from
the weakness you speak of. If he
cannot be made to do this, possibly
you can have 'a. pair of shafts made of
better material" and of somewhat more
"liberal design at the point of weakness. '
It may be that some of the axle manu-
facturers can furnish you an aslefin?
terchangeable with your present" one,
that will stand up better. '

Questions of general interest to motorists will be, answered in this column,
space permitting._ Address Albert L. Glough, care of, this 03106. .

 
[g LABOR SAVING HINTS +7

 
(Readers are invited to contribute

COMBINATION SHOVEL AND AXE

The'device shown
in the sketch is
useful for ﬁghting
forest ﬁres, and for
the use of soldiers
and farmers, in
digging trenches or
ditches.

able one tovlcut
brush,_ small sap~
. lings or. tree roots.

= The. blades , are
/ shaped from steel
and riveted to the
shovel- as shown.
The blades do not
: interfere: With- the

i

 
. use of‘the 'snovelr-PL 13530., Bic-Rain?
j ids, Michigan; “. ‘. - » .

  
Many. hates
them and ache :

 
Ideas, experiences, suggestions for labor-saving devices
, practicability, length, etc.)

The bladr
es on the sides‘e'n- .

labor—saving hints» to this, department.
paid for according to

very near thegsource of heat.» The
oils used will also burn eaSily. Many"
times oily rags are left lying around--
and spontaneous combustion causesda
ﬁre. When the above is the case is
it any wonder that manYﬁres, the.
cause of 'which are unknown, occur?
-—~P.‘~T. 0., Big Rapids, Mich. ‘

 
nNor FOB TYING ugliest”
The knothere shownfislthe mos't‘ef- ..
fectiveknot , ‘ 2 ~ ,. .~

   
known for i. .‘ ‘
tying bm*.Wl'177/"T
It is almost «\‘ﬁkﬂ.
necessary ‘ toy— '-j‘ . 3,;- ., «5/ '-
cut the string : -, .
. to? putt it g,
This; kn 7 '

 
s can.

o-wi—I‘IU‘I—v—w—Ur'r"
« .

  
, movement of: the 1918 crop is pretty.

.u.

  
’due_ directly to the acute

ito come within the next ﬁve

 
: :Normal Potato Acreage Needed
'1; ,fi‘h‘e position of potatoes in the 1919 ‘
crap program is problematical.

t to early to say whether or net there _

. has been insuﬂcient or over-sufﬁcient .
1.....jpotatoes ior

 
1918319 requirements.
Farmers generally will be 1nd quan-
diary as to the amount of potato acre-
age they can sately plant until the

Well'ooncluded and the range or pric-
es for the entire season made known
In average years about 32 per cent

V of the potato crop- is shipped~ from
counties Where’grown, and on January .,

lot, 1919, about 42 per cent,ot the
crop remains on hand. Stocks of
marketable potatoes in the United
States on January 1st of the present
year are nearly normal, being neither
excessively large, as a year ago, nor
abnormally small as two years ago.
In the important potato sections of
the Northern and Eastern states,
stocks on hand are. less than average.
The Department of Agriculture urges

1111 planting of an average acreage
this Year, and in view of the manner
in which the prices of the 1918 crop

,have been maintained and the com-
iparatively active demand, we believe

the movement of the crop is ”scarcely
far enough along to form a really in-

_ telligent opinion on the matter.

Hay Production should be
Increased .

Total hay production in the United
States fell from 111, 000 .000 tons in
1916 to 98, 000, 000 in 1917, and to 90,-
M0, 000 in 1918, a reduction of about
“"20’per cent in two Years. There were
several reasons for this. In the ﬁrst
place, farmers plowed up many thous-
and acres of seeded lands, in their ef-

forts to meet the war demand for
.food. In the second place, both 1917-
f'and'11918 were unfavorable seasons

for hay. , Present high hay prices “are
shortage,
though the mild winter enabling cat-
no and sheep to browse is helping

'\v to alleviate the situation and is prob-

ably one of the reasons why bay'has ’

not gone much higher. The develop-
ment of the live stock industry tothe
extent already indicated will require
a, larger productionpi all leguminous
crepe, and farmers should keep this
in mind when planning their next
season’s acreage.

Great Shortage of Flax Seed

Altho grown to some extent here in
Michigan, flax has never been consid-
ered an important commercial crop.
Michigan climate and soil are well
adapted to the successful culture of

, this crop, however, and farmers who

have ever had any luck growing will
do well to include it in next season’s
plans considerable ﬂax used to be
grown in some sections of the Thumb
and latterly we have heard of its cul-

ture in the northern sections of west-

 
::mch1gau Be advised that there

. expecting to accumulate ,
of corn against a demand that . ,

It is

 
out in; Van Buren county MICHIGAN

BUSINESS EWING is fortunate in
having as a representative Mr H. E

Hough who has been responsible for

considerable
number oi
new sub-
scriber s
from his

Having a
u n -
derstanding
of the farm-
ers' p r O D -

needs, Mr.
Hough qui—
ckly realiz—
ed the value
of such a
paper as
this to the farmers of Michigan and
he has found the farm folks of his
county ready and willing to subscribe
after 'it had been brought to their at-
tention.

Making every spare hour count is
Mr. Hough's tto, d altho he has
.8 that occupy practical-
ly all of hi time (breeding thorough-
y being but one of these
, he manages to give a share
of it to b eating M. B. F. whenever
he has an opportunity. And he ﬁnds
the paper received so well all over
the county that, aside from the work
being interesting and pleasant, it
proves quite proﬁtable.

And what Mr. Hough is doing is
being duplicated all over the state
by our other agents. They all ﬁnd
the paper talked about and praised

    
1 and easily sold.

1T0 every one of our readers who
can give any part of his or her time
to calling On their neighbors and look-
ing after our-subscriptions in their
locality, we will be glad to make an
agent’s proposition that will be worth
while.

Without any obligation write for
full information about how you can

make your spare time count and at
the same time “boost a good cause.”

Address Circulation Manager MICH-

'IGAN BusINEss FARMING, Mt. Clemens,

Michigan.

1

I “I am sending a photo of brood sow

'that‘ is hard to bed ,” writes G. W.

Davis of Midland county. “She has
had 105 pigs in 9 litters and raised
97. I sold her two litters of 1918 for
$118.”

 
I cannot get along without the paper.
——Wm. Dans, Arenac county.

 
Your paper is ﬁne for farmers. ——Alton
Schott, Shlavvassee county . ..

I like your paper- begt of any I have
ever seen. -Walt or G Rawson, Wexi'ord
ooun t.y .-

M B. F. is them only real farmers' pa-
per I have read. Edwards, Mis-

 
I

sauke‘e county .I .1... _

 
Send Us Pictures of Your Live Stock

- ' a great live, stock state and many. of he ,1
Murals (13* can be found anWhera, 1111, you»

‘;<re’-hred_ ddm com, a wee:

 
adding a.-.

 
CREAM SEPARATOR

If you have any use for a cream separator it's only a Question
or time before you buy a De Laval

Many buy a De Laval to start with and so avoid a lot 01 “sep-
arator grief ” ‘..

Others buy one, two or three different machines before they . .
ﬁnally learn by experience that “the best is the cheapest” and get , .1"
a De Laval. ' '

That’s why, in the older dairy sections where separators have
been in general use for many years, you’ll ﬁnd most of the machines
are Do Lavals.

 
They’ve had lots
means a thousand times

“Claims” don’t mean much to such farmers.
of separator experience. “Performance”
more to them than claims.

They’ve watched the De Laval “perform” for several decades.
They know that it is reliable and they stick to it, just as does
the creameryman who is also “separator
wise."

 
Q

Why not be guided by the experience of
these men and buy your De Laval “Sooner"
instead of “Later?"

Order your De Laval now and let it begin
saving cream for you right away. «See the
local De Laval agent, or, if you don't know
him, write to the nearest De Laval ofﬁce as
below

The DeLaval Separator Co.

165 Broadway 29 E. liIadison St.
New York Chicago

OVER 2,325,000 DE LAVALS IN DAILY USE

 
)5 this Question
“Why shouldluse Southern @

gown vegetable seeds m W
Q

my garden, when I would
not use southern grown corn, beans or oats on my farm?”
YOU KNOW THAT MICHIGAN-GROWN FARM SEEDS are the

best, and that’s why I sell them. They are acclimated, they are hard-
ier, the plants mature quicker, and yield bigger and better crops.

 
SAIER'S GARDEN BOOK givs deﬁnite reasons why Michigan planters
shodld use Michigan-grown seeds on the farm and in the garden. It lists
the prices and varieties that stand the tests I give. Write for a. free copy.

HARRY E. SAIER, Seedsman

Box 19, Lansing, Michigan.

 
I’.“

WOULDN'T YOU LIKE BETTER. RETURNS
“ If so ship your FURS to

BEHR BROS. Co. .RAW [HRS

351-359 Gratiot Ave, Detroit, Mich. ‘ o BEl‘l R BROS DEMTROlT
‘ Ask the an that has ued this tag. ' . ”

Write for Price List and Tags.

 
Tgerm-m with salt the ear around kee

. ‘20 ﬂock healthy and frge from stomach worgis

. and ticks. £05.00 lien-Ike: $60.00M"
manta salt-saves on 513% ,
$2 00:31:05 he: _of “T N

a ‘wmuénewn Masons W
”t ‘ rusossoma ’ 4 Grand ,1

   
Colon O. Lillie, President

‘. Is than any stronger argument for this class of insurance than
- .317, 000 of losses on $1, 500, 000 or hardness?
— " Your animals are well and sound today but tomorrow some of
them are dead. INSURE Tm BEFORE IT IS TOO LATE!
We indemnify owners of live stock—horses, cattle, obey and
bags, for loss by accident and disease.
See our agent in your vicinity.

' 810 Widdieemb 31113., Grand Rapids, Mich. Greebner Bldg... Saginaw. W. 5.. Mid!

 
Harmon J. Wells See. and Trees.

 
fT'he Milking Shorthorn

 
is the F armer’s Cow
Come with me to the Milking Sher-thorn Congress Show and Sale

at Erie, Pa., March 20 anle, 1919

If you are thinking of attending this meetlns or wish to know more
about it write

Chas. Bray, Okemos, Mich, Breeder of Milking Shorthorns

\

 
Are you in the market .for a "good
Holstein Calf from 38 lb. Bull, a
son of Rag Apple 8th.

'ROBERT R. POIINTER & SON

DEARBORN, MICHIGAN

 
CONSIGN YOUR LIVE STOCK TO

CLAY, ROBINSON & CO.

LIVE STOCK COMMISSION

 
Chicago South St. Paul South 0min: Denver ' Km... City
East Buffalo Fort Worth East St. Louis Sioux City
El Paso South St. Joseph
“’YA N DOTTE

HOMESTEAD FARMS

Day Old Chicks and Eggs
Send for illustrated catalog: Barred,
White and Busff Rocks; R. C. Reds;
Wyandottes C. Black Minorcas; SC.
and R. White and Brown Leghorns;
S. C. Buff Leghorns; Anconas
Cookerels—Barred and White Rocks;
W. Wyandottes: S. C. and B. C White
and Brown Leghorns; Anconas; R. C.
and S. C Rhode Island Reds
BLOOMINGDALE FAR'ﬂS ASSOCIATION'
Desk 3., Bloomingdale Mich..

POULTRY

BARRED ROCK

FOR SALE Barred Plymouth Rock Cock-

e1el=1Large Laying Type.
Sired by Prize-Winning stock. out of state
breeding. R. C. Woodaxd Elsie Mich.

FOR SALE—Choice Barred Rock Cock-

erels, bred from Deirmt
Winners. Also a few pullets and year-
ling hen-s. Tolles Bros, It. 10, St. Johns,

Michigan.

OHN’S BIG BEAUTIFUL Barred Rocks
are hen hatched quick growers good
Eyers sold on approval $4 to $8 Circu-
rs photos. John Northon Clare Mich.

Barred Rock Eggs $7,133.32? ““355 .222:

—i
u

 
per year. $2.00 per 15 Prepaid by par-
cel post. Circular free. Fred Astling,
Constantine, Michigan.

 
Thoroughbred Barred
Rock males and fe-

For sale'R males, also eggs for

hatching after Feb. 1st. Bradley Strain
Bred- to- layH ..E Hough, Hartford, Mich.

LEGHORN
P BOFITABLE BUFF LEGHOBNS~W6
have twenty pens of especially mated
Sin is Comb .Bui'fs that are not only mat-
or exhibition but, above all. for prof-
itable egg production. Eggsa very regs-
”enable prices. Our list Willa interact you

.~ «please ask for it. illage Fianna,
Grass Lake. Michigan.

00MB WHITE

 
excess.

emu day-old chicks. Sat-
guaranteed, Bruce W. Brown,
Ma * Mic chlgan. , ,

 
Silver Laced, Golden and White Wyan-
dottes of quality. Breeding stock after
Oct. lat. Engage it earl Clarence
Browning. R. 2. Portland. ich.

SILVER LACED GOLDEN and White
Wyandottes. Only a few Large Golden
Eggs in season

Portland Mich.

 
or White cockerels left.
$3. 00 per 15, $6. 00 per 30.
Clarence Browning, R. 2,

Whi La
COCKEREl-SB pure thit; huskyefelloxwgse,

prices reasonable, satisfaction guaran-
teed. O. E. Hawley. Ludlng‘ton, Mich.
STANDAR BRET! COCKEBELS —-

Mated Anconas; End and
Partridge Rocks; Ronen Drakes. Hatch—

ing Eggs in season Sheridan Poultry
Yards Route 5 Sheridan Michigan. -

 
VALUARLE
Free, pure bred poultry, our win-
all leading varieties. Don’ t delay,
write Blue Ribbon Poultry Farm,
CHICKS
CHICKS We ship thouSando
varieties booklet and
testix ionias stamp appreciated. Freeport
TURKEYS
MAMMOTH BRONZE TUBKEYB —
blers weigh 15- 38 lbs. Hens 9-18 lbs.
Price, $7 00 to $25 00, according to
setting of ten. John Mort s, R. 7, Vassar,
Michigan.

nings prove high class quality,
Altoona. Iowa.

each season, different

Hatchery, Box 10. Freeport. Michigan.

Strictly thoroughbred for sale. Gob-

weight and beauty. .3 as. $4.00 per

WANTED—To hear from owner of

farm or unimproved land for sale. O.’

    
K. Hawley, Baldwin Wisconsin.~

  
Poultry Catalogue.

 
IT- PAYS TO USE INC'II- ,
' BATOR THERMOMEIER

 
“It is my idea that there is nothing
that contributes more largely to in-,
'cubator failures than the failure of
_ the operator to properly place

the
thermometer :in its correct relation-
ship to the exits," writes a man» who
has had many years experience with
incubators. f‘The great majgrity of
incubator users do not on erstand
that unless the incubator thermom-
eter is maintained in a certain posi-
tion with relation to the eggs the
temperature of the egg will be cor-
respondingly wrong."

. The writer has always held 'to the
theory that during the period of in-
cubation the bulb of the incubator
thermometer should rest on a fertile
egg, in order that the correct hatch-
irg temperature might lie/maintained.
An infertile egg, or an egg in which
the germ has died, will not be quite
as warm as a fertile one and our idea.
has been that when the bulb of the
thermometer rests on an egg in which
there is no life that the thermome-
ter will not register a lower tempera-
ture than when the bulb is in contact
with an egg containing life and is,
therefore, warmer. But there are
different opinions regarding this, the
same as there are regarding other
things in connection with the opera-
tion of incubators. The careful user
of incubator§ will, aftera batch or
two, know how best to place the ther-
mometer in the egg chamber to get
the best results.

Each incubator manufacturer is sin-
cere in his desires for each one of his
customers to be successful. Each
manufacturer knows how his incu-
bator should be operated to get best
results. If the instructions accom-
panying the incubator you are using
say to place the thermometer on the
eggs, put it there, because that par-
ticular incubator is made for the
thermometer to be placed in the po-
sition mentioned. But if you have an
incubator equipped with a. thermom-
eter hanger ,and the instructions say
to always have the thermometer at-
tached to this hanger, then follow
these instructions, because this partic-
ular machine is so constructed that
the correct hatching temperature can
only be maintained by placing the
thermometer in the incubator accord-
ing to the instructions. If all incu-
bator users will bear in mind that
the instructions accompanying each
incubator should be carefully followed
and will then follow them, it is not
likely that there will be any. serious

‘ difficulty in maintaining the correct
In short, fol-'

hatching temperature.
low instructions and you
have thermometer troubles.

will not

__ Ucicrinary Department

HOW TO TREAT THE
COW THAT EATS WOOD

 
Can you advise me what to do for a
cow that continually eats wood?—-

v

non . affecting cattle c

. a, disease;

' the animal’s coat lacks gloss,

  
While "p1,." is the am.“ as
has been guns to a diseased ’ "

   
chieﬂy by a depraved appetite, it is
doubtful in my mind if it is in ltsoii
there are practically no
other symptoms beside the depraved
appetite. The icow seems to have ,5.
craving fogroug‘hness, such as places--
of leather,. rags, crockery, mortar.
pieces of wood, metal.
forth. She picks these objects up and
apparently has a relish for th'em,”ir’e-,_
quently ignoring good food for” the

sake, of chewing up and swallowing

an old shoe. She does this notes-
caslonaliy and casually, as all news
do centrally, intravenously and con-
tinucusly.‘ 'In very aggravated also!
and
constipation may be present. If not.
properly treated, some cases of pike
persist indeﬁnitely, the cow gets poor
in condition and may develnp a ver-
iety or conditions In other cases 5
pike is a very transient condition.
which disappears in a few days after
it begins to attract attention. The
treatment of this affection begins with
an investigation of the ration tell.
The condition can usually be prompt-
ly terminated by feeding a properly
balanced ration. In other instances
free access to an unlimited supply of
salt is all that is necessary. In cases
which occur under good feeding con-
ditions and in which salt treatment
fails to correct the trouble, the cow
is given 9/ saline purgative such as
epsom salts, two lbs. dissolved in two
quarts of warm water. When the
purgatlve has acted, two or three
drama of resublimed iodine 'is given _
in a quart of water, nothing further
is required as a rule.

ARE TWIN CALVES
ABLE TO BREED?

 
The breeding ability of twin calves
is a subject that is widely discussed
and often misunderstood. Twin bulls
are as sure breeders as bulls of single
birth and there is no reason to suspect
failure to breed when a bull is twinned
with another bull, says W W. Swett
of the Missouri College of Agriculture.
The same thing can be said of heifers
that are twinned together. They are
as sure to be breeders as any other
heifers. ‘

When a heifer and a bull are born
together, the heifer is known as a free;
martin. The bull, twinned with .s
heifer, is as certain to be a breeder
as a hull ‘of single birth, but the free-
martin heifer is almost sure to be
sterile. Only a very few free-martial
have been know to breed, and the
chances are very small that they will
ever reproduce. As a. rule it is not
advisable to raise free-martin heifers

‘as they usually result in failures and

are worth no more than their beef
value. .

Don’t want to miss a copy. blah ’1
Hall, Alpena county.
1':
Wilm

Will say M. B. F. isrthe best
paper out. It’s a 1eader.——Fred
Charlevolx county. \

~

 
BOARDMAN FARMS

 
J. w. BOARDMAN

 
Imported and American Holstein-Friesian and Guernsey Cattle
, 'Butte'r Bred Strains of High Test

Kindly change our ad in "your paper to read according to the m

ESTABLISHED 1888

 
Jackson, Michigan;

   
dirt and so» “


em: slow
. nee-1n View or their enmnous
“ p..- 9.." “animal“. ”£3533? ill“:
,, E 019 y D I9
mall-PRESIAH ASSOCIATION .
m5, Box 295 Braillebote, V1.

   
Two Young Bulls

for Sale, Ready for service

One from I 25 lb. cow and one front.

, f 7 . 2321b. four year old. Write for pedigl'ﬂ
; ._ . and prices. E L SALISBURY
-. 1 , ' 7, '3 Shepherd. M3“

 
. Ii ' ‘

6!! breeders of live-suck and poultry will be sent on request. Better
Still, wite out what you have to offer, let us put it in type, show you
‘ P1001 Ind. tell you what it will cost for 13, 26 or 52 times You
lite oi! Id. or copy as often as you wish. Copy or changes
must be readied“ one week before date of issue. Write to- day!
BREEDm’ DIRECTORY, MICHIGAN
‘ " , Michigan.

can

Mt. Clemens

“hideud.Bnndenﬁi&de

 
Ot_ Feb. 6311, Ggod mirada‘t‘i’on
cow. . . recur as - ear-o
m'et 1.1111: 18.77 or gutter. so 1

sister bredtoao lhblm.

 
MUSOLFF mos: Homems
We are now booking orders 10"
'YOUHS bulls from King Pieter Beth
Lytons 173600 All from A. n. O dame
- incredible records. We test annu-
.any for tuberculosis. Write tor pric-
es and further information.
Muse!!! Bro... South Lyons, MP‘IMI. ‘

 
A;

 
M ..B F. has sold my calves. I now
potter :1 light coloreda d”’yr. cow that
milks up to 60 lbs. day $260. The
\ best of well bred bull ca vegl bred for
’ ,, - show and production. From dams wit

" ‘ A. R. 0. records of 25 lbs. butter, 64
to 574 lbs. milk 7 days, $1.2

ROBIN CARRIi

F0 WLE RV ILLE, MIC HIGAN

 
CLOVER DAIRY FARM

Offers a beautiful Holstein bull calf born
. October 10, 1918, Sire Flint Hengerveld
. Lad whose dam and sire's dam averag

32. 65 butter in 7 days. Dam 19 lb. Jr.
yr. old granddaughter of Hengerveld De
Koll. Price, $100 f...ob Flint Write for

pm and pedigree
L. C. KETZLEB, Flint, Michigan

 
]' , PREPARE

For the greatest demand, tutu

 
C. L. Hulett & Son. Okemos, Mich.
Five or all good

FOR SALE ]arge Reg. Holstein

cows, just bred to a 31. 61 lb. bull.
Paul Steinacker, Howell Mich.
KG. HOLS’I‘EIN BULL CALF from
good reducing ow and sired by a

No. 1 1111. Price 50.00 for quick sale.
W. Alexander, Vassar Michigan.

SUNNY PLAINS HOLSTEiNS

Type, Quality. A few bull calves from

A. R. 0. dams for sale.
ARWIN KILLINGER,
Fowlerville,

 
Michigan.

 
JERSEY

 
The eventual breed—
rodueere. Riches-

Ild better! that bin
wk: '1‘ “3.32:

(—8.140
Breeder- ?oru ’ficllI- en pedigr- Vol-E;
The American Jme
Cattle Club

 
The Wildwood Jersey Farm

BUSINESS FARMING,

 
WM. PURPOSE BHORTIIOBN Calves
both sexes. from good milking
cows, for sale at reasonable prices.

Roy Finch, Fife Lake, Michigan.

1'11]! VAN RUBEN C0. Shorthorn
Breeder! Association have ung stoc ock
tor sale. mostly Clay breei Write
£010.11- wtsan to the Secretary. Frank

8- 6’.

Hartford, Michigan.
Shortborns

es reasonable.
Michigan.
Dur-

FOR SALE ﬁngholrgﬁcgn Bates

Strain and good individuals. One 3 years
old, one 8 months.
Geo. W. Arnold, Bates, Mich.

100 head to select from.
Write me your wants. Pric-
Wm. J. Bell. Rose City,

 
HEBEFORDS
HEREFORDS Herd headed by Bob Fair-
fax 494027. Can furnish
you with males or females, Polled or
horned. Write for prices. Earl C. Mc-
Carty, Bad Axe, Mich. Sec. Mich. H. B.
Association.

WANTED—A HEREFORD BULL
at once. Fred Pettit, Midland, Mich. R. 6

 
. REGISTERED AYERSHIRES
FOR SALE
We have a number of ﬁne heifers
and bull calves to offer at bargain
prices.‘Write for description.
Mich‘égan School for the Deaf,
. L. Hoffman, Steward

 
HORSES
BHETLAND PONIES

SHETLAND PONIES For Sale. Write

”or description &

 
prices that has ever known. Star 1 . 1
now with the Holstein and convince Breeders 01 Males” strain Jerse Cat- pr c” Mark 8' (.urdy, Howe” Mic,“
yourself. Good stock always for tie. Bulls, Majesty’ Oxfor Fox ’
sale. Howbert Stock Farm, Eau , 134214; Eminent Lady's Niajesty 150934. HOGS
Claire, Michigan. Herd tuberculin-tested; Bull calves for
sale out of R. of M. Majesty dams.
. Alvin Balden, Capac, Michigan. 0. I. O.
sired by a son of GUERNSEY .
Bull Calves 11‘2de {Imgrtvt'ew 0.1c.c11.1~s
o u er W]! HAVE A FEW/ Bred 1'0 Mar
eg'ls De K01 GUERNSEY S Heifers and cows for choice {:11 pig-30:11 Md April farrow, also

Boy and by a son of King s
{{orndyke, from A. 0.11am: with rec-
1rdz- of 18. 25 as Jr. two year old to 28. 25
at full age. Prices reasonable breeding
considered.

WALNUT GROVE STOCK FARM
W. W. VVyckoﬂ, Napoleon. Mich.

LANGHURST srocx FARM

Offers you Holstein- Friesian Bul
from dams wi records up to 24 lbs. an
sires‘ dams up to 46 lbs. Write to rd-Spe
igrees and prices. Fred J. Lange’, ebo-

 
. waing, Michigan
BULL CALP
;/ Born Au st 16 1918. Sire’s dams
average 3 76 buiter'l days 146. 93

lbs. butter 30 days, testin S296 tat.
Calfs dam a 21 lb. ugh er of a cow
with 4 A. R. daughters. Nice straight
calf, well marked. Write for price
7 and detailed descri ion. Herd tuber-
culin tested annu y. .
BOABDMAN FARMS
Jackson, Mich.

 
- WOLVEBINE STOCK FARM

I want to tell you about our Junior
Herd Sire. “King PontiIe L de Korn-
dyke Begin," I son of K1 the Ponti-
see his dam is Queen Se: 3 o Brookside
a, daughter of Pontiac Clothilde De Koi

1 2nd and Prince Segis Iéorndyke, a no“
combination of breeding.

We are breeding this young air. to
the daughters of Judge Walker Pie e.
our Senior Herd sire whose first in
dams each have records above 80 lbs. he
also has two 30 lb. sisters. How
you. so wrong by bu n: a bull calf of
xthis popular line or 7

. W. Sprague, Battle Creek. Mich,

/ . IIOLS'I‘EINB or QUALITY. Two near-

.estdamsofhuddreere mbothebcvess
lbs. butter. in? average 100 lbs.
_ milk. Rochester. ch

 
” ‘ CHOICE 11561311111119 srocx

 
/

..alll;
.Sec

US
_ Woodcote

'PaulQ

‘ WHAT no you

 
sale. also a number of well bred young
bulls—write for breeding. Village Farms,
Grass Lake. Michigan.

 
ABERDEEN-ANGUS

ABERDEEN ANGUS CATTLE
We are omerlng It attractive prices, a
number of high- class young bulls well
able to head the best herds in the land.
Best in blood lineage on either side of the
ocean. Write for price list, or call and
see

Stock Farm, Ionia. Michigan.

BHOBTHOBN

 
MLKING SHORTHOBNS
Maplelane Laddie No. 504725, a Grand-
son of General Clay 255920, at head of
herd. Young stock of both sexes for sale.
Can spare a few cows
W. Thorpe, Fife Lake, Michigan

OAKWOO SHORT]! ORN S. Three

bulls from Bates cows,
10 to 13 mos. old.
Collar Bros., R. No. 2, Conklin,, Michigan.

BSALE—SIIORTHORNS
Scotch and Scotch top ed.
& Maxwa ton

 
0! Quality.

Maxwalton Monarch 2nd

Jupiter in service.

John Schmidt & Son, Reed City, Mich

For sale standard bred Polled
Durham Shortho rn

Bull Calves, calved May 2nd and June 4th.

Sault Ste. Marie. -Michigan,
oz 70.

roan double

B. 'No. 2

,EOBTIIOBNS and POLAND CHINAS
all sold out; None for sale at res-
ent. F. M. Piggott & Son. Fowler, ich

SHORTHORNSM “"1, “an kept Upon

e F
since 1861 and are MBates reg.‘ arm
heifers for sale; .

.T. E. Tauwell; Mason, Michigan.

303’ SALE—ero Shorthorn Durham
bulls. Bates strain and W

 
011.3 years“ old one 6 months. Geo. w
Arnold , Mich. . -

“All“ IWC 4

I

M .

roast? W ‘ Mi ch 1: Sit
ocia on. Me rider. Mig‘bigan. 93h?“

  
CLOVER LEAF STOCK FARM

Monroe, Mich.

0. I C SPRING GILTS, bred to good
' son of Grand Champion Cal“
loway Edd. Priced right.
Dike C. Miller, Dryden.’ Michigan.

 
BAY WARNER, Route 8, Almont, lilich.
Breeder of Pure Bred Shorthorn Cattle
and 0.1. C. Swine. A few Oct. pigs
on hand.

 
IG TYPE POLAND CHINA tried sow

to farrow Mar. 24th Two gilts to

far'row May 8th, a% bred to Bob- 0-
Link grandson of Big Bo.b

0. L. Wright, Jonesville, Michigan.

Bred dGilts.
C

 
Serviceable Bears

 
hereon! Bree. “co, mi.

BUR” SPRING «Gill/1‘6 lad

sows. y 5
Panama Special. Newton A Bank?” Hi
Crest Farms, Perrinton, Mich. Fem

miles s. of Middleton. Gratiot county

MEADOWVIEW F ARM

Registered Duroo Jersey Hogs. Buy.

your spring pigs now.
1. 1. Morris, Femington. Mich.

POLAND CHINA

 
B IG TYPE POLAND cmAS. TWO'
big boned boar pleat formed in June,
ichigan Buster. Gilt: bred to Bob-j
O-Link, Gerstdaie Superior and GM
Lad. 0. L. Wright, Jonesville. Michigan;

FOR 25 YEARS

This establishment has been head quarterl
for Big Type Poland Chinas. We have
a nice lot of boars and sows of strictly
big type breeding at very low price. Let
me know what you want Bell phone.

JNO. .BUTLER - Portland, Mich.

   
p‘
1..

   
BIG TYPE P. 6. BOABS, all ages, the ’
kind that make good Meet me at the
E. R. Leonard St. Louis, Mich.

Large Type Poland China Hogs V.

All sold out now, none to otter at pres— ,’
cut, 68 head sold Nov. 29 at auction
for $4, 440 50. Thanks for your pat?-
ronage and you’ll always be welcome.

Wm. J. Clarke, R. No. 7, Mason, Mich.

lair s.

 
.-

 
BIG TYP P. 0.. The best lot of big
long bodied, heavy-bonei
boars; the proliﬁc kind; litters average

better than 10 the past 3 years
0. Swartz, _S_c_hoolcra1't, Michigan.

BIG TYP P. C. “OAKS, Rambouillet'
and Hampshire rams and

ewes for sale.
A. .Wood & Son, Saline, Michigan.

 
BIG TYP POLAND CIIINAS. Spring-

boars all sold. Bred gilts'
ready for shipment. Inspection invited.
L. L. Chamberlain, Marcellus, Michigan;

ALLNUT ALLEY BIG TYPE Poland
China Gilts. Sn ed by Arts Big Bob. ,
Will be bred to a. son of Giant Sen»
ator for April farrow. It you are look~'
ing for the best of breeding and th ind
that gets big and has quality her sthe
lace 0 ﬁnd it. Please give me a chance
0 tel you more about them. A.
Gregory, Ionia, Michigan.

L s P C BRED GILTS now ready to

- ship at prices any good farm.

or can afford to pay. Also dealer in Raw
Furs. Write for prices.

H. O. Swartz Schoolcratt, Michigan.

BIG TYP P. 0. Choice bred sows from

Iowa’s Greatest herds. The

big bone proliﬁc kind with size and qual-
ity. Elmer Mathewson, Burr Oak, Mich.

 
BEBKSHIRES

 
BEGOBY FARDI BERKSHIRES for

Profit. Choice stock for sale. Write
your wants.
W. S. CORSA, - White Hall,

111.

 
HAMPSHIRE

HAM P S H I BE 8
Bred Gilts all sold. Spring Boats only for
sale at 18 cents per lb
John W. Snyder, St. Johns, Mich. R.4.

 
CHESTER WIll’l‘ES

 
HEBTER WHITEB—Gilte bred for.
Mar., Apr., and May farrow of th
largev‘growthy type. Priced right.
F. . Alexander, Vassar, Michigan.

A FE\V SPRING BOARS and bred iltn
of Joe Orion and Defender Bree ing-i
at a bargain Write for prices.

John W. 111th R.F.D No. Honor, Mich

 
1. Carl Jewett, Mason, Mich. SHEEP
DUROC SHBOPSHIBES ' ‘
DUROC BRED SOWS _ Registered Shropshire: anmﬂggggs

and growthy big type last fall boars.
State Fair champions and winners. Or-
ion’s Fancy King 83857 heads herd. »
Newton Barnhart, St. Johns, Michigan.

spring Bonn and gllts. Ten ears
DIII'OCS experience. A to ew black y top

Rams left. Newton & Blank Hill Crest
Farm, 4 miles south of Middleton, Mich.

 
DUROC BOARS, cums

We Ire offering some fine. Big type. fall In
spring Bean Ind Gilts. At Fermen' Prices.

l3. EAGER and Son
HOWE”... -- . ‘ MICHIGAN

 
Ass
' ' . 6303'!!!qu BULL,
9111,,

In... Underhm & sell. my. Seton. men. .

1 DUBOO-JEBSEY SWINlii ’ » »’
We have some choice new: and
guts for March, April and May furrow to
otter. also fall pigs, both sexes, and two
spring boars. Write for pedigree, descrip-
tion and prices, or come and ‘see them.

   
three and tour- ear—old ewe. bred to hi
class rm to such in Mar. and A
Flock established 1890

C. LEMEN‘, Dexter, Michigan.

 
‘Tlx-‘I‘ON 1x' 1. t 7 3‘
Md w hr] choice:

”’I .
F3m1.§‘“.lzmww¥u:..s eﬂef
PARSONS Iii-TON C0., Grand ledge, .
_ DOGS
DOGS POI! SALE
1 thfroughbred En lish Fox

Puwﬁ‘. months ngd emales.
e,

Chickens Sick?——Uee Gemi ,
bowel ,

liwwithm I book Poul
Dept. 451

e. ‘
Meet PM-

64 BREED ensdu .

     
hound?

       
Will ship on approval

kéayﬁWOh°1M°€m

    
1
4-.

Thlnk of it! You can now.

get any size of the New Butterﬂy

Cream Separator you need direct from “

our factory for only $2 down “and on

a plan whereby it will earn its own ma," ofhutler MW.
8 S

 
cost and more before you pay. You stﬁmttg‘ts‘ipgm ymgoﬁh‘ﬁﬂﬁﬂg‘ﬁm‘
won’t feel the cost at all. Our low, P°‘"W*?‘°i-‘,“*

   
Top of

 
Milk T k . prices will surprise you. For example:
. an 18 h ._ buysthe No.21/2Junior.a
,WaISt hlgh” M light running, easy clam-
‘ " mg, c ose s Imming, ur-
easy to ﬁll able, guaranteed separator.
Skims 120 uarts er hour.

- . You pay oriiy $2 own and ..
' ~b lance on easy terms 0
meg/113k Splfut Only $3 a Month
3 re open __ You have no mterest to pay. No extras. The

  
prices we ,quote include everything. We also
make four larger sizes of the

New Batterﬂy

up to our big 800 lb. capacity machine shown here
—-all sold at similar low prices and on ourliberal

terms of only $2 down and more than a year
to pay. Every machine guaranteed a life-
time against defects in matenals and
workmanship. ‘

---1] 30 Days’
“ Trial _ ’

    
One-piece alumi-

num skimmmg
device is very
easy to clean

  
Twelve-YeIr-Old Child Rune It

. "We would not do without our Butterﬂy Sepa-
rator or exchange it for all the machines we hive
seen. .Our little girl. 12 years old, was it like a
“ ‘clock! ' ‘ MRS. P. E. RUDE. Ashland. Wis.

   
All shafts are ver-
tical and run on

   
u - - H You can have 30 days’ trial‘ on your
. frictionless own farm and see for yourself how
PIVOt ball bearings easily one of these splendid machines
making the will earn its own cost and more before
New Butterﬂy you pay. Try 1t alongsrde of any
the lightest run— _ . . - separator you WISh. Keepit 1f
min of ‘4 » - ' pleased. If not you can return it at
g . , :' -_ More Than our expense and we W111 refund
all separators _. _‘ . * your $2 de 811: and pay the freight
._ 150,000 charges bot ways.

. New Buﬂerﬂ! (lalalog Folder:— FREE

.1 .

cream Sep’pralors
m are new Ill use.

3.; a
-_--- 33' ‘-----I-_‘I—

V 2259 Marshall Blvd., Chleago,‘ llllnols -
Gentlemenz—Without obligation on my part, please mail me your free Catalog

Folder and full particulars regarding your special easy payment olfer on the New
Butterﬂy Cream Separator. . . ‘-

Why not get one of these big labor-saving, money-
making machines while you have the opportu-
nity to do so on this liberal self-earning plan?
Let us send you our big, new, illustrated cataé
log folder showing all the machines we make
and quoting IOWest factory prices and easy
payment terms. We will also mail you a book J '
of letters from owners telling how the New But
terﬂy is helping them to make as. high as $100 a
year extra proﬁt from cows. Sending Coupon
does not obligate you in any way. Write today?

“ALBAueI-I- . . 20,,
EDO-VE'R: co. ~ CLEAR

. “H‘NUFAGTURERQ ' ‘ " ' '1' similar. we "F" ’ «elm ~
. .2260 .-;.llmhall_lllrd.,- tumor _ wadimgﬁawwfw .
,. - - . . newwmmwgm, ,.

Q ' ‘ 37 t . . w,‘ ,

  
-I

     
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