W flag:Indcspcmdelatk fFarm'cr's; ,cckl Owned and ‘Editedm ichigan ii}! W ’ MT. CLEMENS, SATURDAY, MAY 22, 1920 1 PER YEAR aAllIllllllllIIllllllIllllllIIIIIILIIIIIIIIHIIIIIHI|||||||||IIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIl|llllIII||IllllllllllllIllIll|Ilflllll||||||IIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllll|llllll||IIIIIIIIIHIII||||I||IIll||||||||IHJIIIII|Illl|l||llllfllllIllIIllIlllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIE Hllllll Hill"IHHHIHHHHHHllllllllllllllflflllllll||llllflllflllllllllllllllllfllll[IllIllIlllllllflllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|||l||l|Illlllllllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllll I flflfllflfllfllllllllllllIlllIllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllJJlHlllll Ill"lllll""IllIIIIIIIHHIHHIHHH _... = = =- = _.... = _ _-—..= _ E E E E = = =- = g E = a =' = = = g = = = = = = = E =‘ = = = = E = = = E E a Lifters,” but now V . v ‘ 1 lllilmmflfllflllllumuulllllHullllllllllllllllllmlllmllllIIlllllillmIllllllfllllflllfllmmmflllllllllllllIlium"ImumIIllllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllflllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllflflllflllllllllllllllfllllllllfllllllll ' «C'§ ,l/I,y/, HUI/u/I/I/I/I/Iy/WM ’ U111 I A lotof things play havoc with a Cord tire: Sand blisters, tread sep- 5 aration, blowouts, heat. 7 cold, poor traction, imperfect cord formation, toomuchortoo little resiliency. Get rid of those evils—and you ha a Cord Tire of real value. Exactly what we ave accomplished in the manufacture of Gill Cord Tires. The exclusive Gil- lette Chilled Rubber tou ens rubber as iron is toughened when to st . Makes sand blisters t to possible. ation and blow-outs al- miii: mom. magstmive efiects of heat in unkn and cold-scientific formation of both tread and body prevents uneven strain and uneven wear. Second year sales of Gillette Tires were far greater than second year sales of any other tire reduced. PutmGillette or a full set on your car now. Writeourleneral salesoffice. it there is no Gillette dealer in your town. GILLETTE RUBBER COMPANY l'aetory.EauClaire.Wb. “Saluomce.18343roadway.x.t. . . Gillette “ nan-:5 “adamamwcss‘ FRANCO ELECTRIC * FLASH LIGHTS FREE! u.“ A p _ ., You need one of these hand lights to see your way around in dark places. The batteries will last for several months and can then be renewed at small expense with new ones that can be bought 5‘? anywhere. ' . . ' . FREE FOR NEW SUBSCRIBERS! For a hmited tlme we will give away either of these two popular models for new sub- scriptions to this weekly. MODEL A: Is the . popular tubular style, just fits the hand and throws a powerful hght. MODEL B: -‘ is the nickel plated hand or pocket size made flat to be convenient to carry in the pocket. . WE OFFER EITHER STYLE, free and post-paid to any person anywhere in the United States for No New One Year Subscribers at $1 Each —-or—-- . Four New “From Now to 1921” Subscribers at 50c Each —or-—- Eight New “3 Month Trial” Subscribers at 25c Each \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\‘\‘\\\\\l\\\l \\\\\\\\\ \\\\\\\\\\\ \ \\\\\\\\ I ,mmfllflflmmumnuunmuum '1 A ., .5. 1?. e .’ if. , , . Send the Two Dollars in check, money or.- der or registered letter, write your ovm name . \ and the names and addresses of your sub- scribers plainly and address your letter to ‘ wPremium Manager ‘ THE BUSINESS FARMER > Mt. Clemens, Michigan : - t, gr.A . ‘artMayl r - TIE SUGAR anuf‘ 'rers a last- desp‘ei‘ate effort to get their acreage without recognizing the collectiVe rights of the farmers. Unless the farmers are on their guard» every moment a great many of them are going to be deceived by the false and misleading pro-p paganda-of the factories; " ' ~ " g ' ' Large advertisements-signed by the sugar companies have appeared in many of the. weekly papers of . the sugar beet/ territory, urging the farmers to grow beets. Accompanying the' advertisements is- a letter supposedly written by a farmer stating why HE will grow beets. The letter sounds as if it was dictated by a manufacturer. No honest-to- God farmer who had any kind of a conception of right and justice or who had any respect for the standing of himself and family in his com- munity could have written it,—-without a price. Some men will sell their souls for a dollar. There might be a justifiable excuse for these “farmers” to grow beets, but there could be no excuse why they should publicly urge other farmers to forswear their vows and surrender un- conditionally to the capitalists who own the sugar factories. An advertisement signed by the Holland-St. Louis' Sugar 00., paints in glowing language the wonderful opportunities that exist this year for the beet grower. Manager Hubbard says it is not unreasonable to predict FIFTEEN DOLLAR sugar beets this year. Two weeks pre- viously Manager Wallace of the Michigan Sugar 00., predicted SIX- TEEN DOLLAR beets. Neither of them know. They are guessing. They are guessing for a reason. And the tragic part of it all is that some of the farmers have swallowed the bait, and will grow beets under a contract that gives the manufacturer as much PROFIT per ton of beets as the farmer receives GROSS. ‘ “You Are Partners in Our “Business” So says Manager Hubbard of the Holland-St. Louis Sugar Co. Ye Gods ! What hypocrisy i What prostitution of the truth I What an insult to the intelligence of men l “Partners in the business.” Mebbe so, mebbe so. A partnership in which the farmer does all the work, takes all the chances, kets all the loss, and turns the profits that rightfully belong to mover to the boss manufacturer. There. is no partnership between the manufacturer and the grow- er. The man acturer writes the contract without consulting the wish- es of the grower,\and in the majority of cases in the past the grower has humbly accepted the contract, not because he was sure he could make any money under it, but because he was willing to take a long chance. When he has asked to be consulted—to be made a partner in the in- dustry, if you please,—he has been spurned and insulted and made to feel that he is of no account. Manufacturers Ready for a Killing There is no longer any doubtbut that the manufacturers are plan.- ning on a “killing” this year. If they pay the farmers $16 per ten for beets, nothing can prevent them from making the greatest profits in the history of the industry,—-profits that will double and treble the value of sugar stock. Never was there such a golden opportunity before the manufacturers. And they will have their harvest, too,—if the govern- ment does not step in. Never was there such a lden opportunity be- fore the farmers to get a fair share of these profit: They likewise can have their share if they only will. . Look to the Future - . Another day is coming in the sugar industry. It will be a day of large production and low prices. The manufacturer is preparing this. year against that day, and at the expense of'th’e farmer. "If the manu- facturer will not recogmz' e the farmer‘now when he needs the beefi how much less consideration will he give the farmer when the ne for beets is not so great! The farmer .will be the man who will suffer when low prices come, for he will have no reserve profits,-—no sinking fund,——to fall back upon during the lean years. But not so with the manufacturers. Fortified with the reserve created during the year 1920 —if the farmers lose their fight,—the manufacturers can suvive any number of lean years and be none the worse 01f. It is with this fore- sight that the manufacturers will, if they can, defeat you, my farmer friends, in your fight for recognition and a just price. /-And it ought to bewith the same kind of foresight for the future of your business, that you should stand unswecrvingly by the position you have taken and show the manufacturers that you intend to be a partner in this industry. a To Members Farmers” Co-operatiue Union, Bay County 1‘ A JOINT meeting held at Monitor town hall on May 10th, the di- A rectors, officers and a large number of members voted unanimous: . 1y that the Farmers’ Oo-Operative,Union of Bay'County is bitter- 1y opposed to raising sugar beets under the contrict and price the factories are offering. We have a few members who are going to raise soabbeets. Thesemembersmayboletttodotheir ownan and other work that requires thehelp of ndghbors. These members have received benefits w the Union by buying direct from the manu- " tactureruidstiflfllqmnotvflningtostandbyflnepflnciples of the Union. * _ '- , . ' 'l‘hefactorlessnyflseyhaveenoughcontraetedtoruntheirtaee- cries another year, tubal: file sameflme thesefield agents are trying ' » ,‘togettarmerstombyoflcringfliemtromfltouo-per across abonus. Mbsmmmymedtogetonedmy _ rsco contract and offered him a bonus of $7 per acre. My advice to all good - ioyal farmers is to stand by our Union and not raise sugar beets at , the present price and will come out on top in the long run. The labor- ' ing man is getting more for his labor. Why cannot the farmer? I say 1; every member who hast-owed sugar unyund slick ' fo your‘unl‘on‘and‘be‘ a man with men. (Signed) II." M ’ tax-y Far-mors’ Coronerstivo Uni 3a? ’ FCHTI’GAN = I May 22, V 1920 \ \ . ' ~V Canadian Farmers Learn the Value Of Loyalty V Great Strides Taken Politically and Economically Because Farmers Stick to Their Organizations HE FARMERS as a force in Canadian politics have certainly arrived ! The emergence ‘of the farmers’ partyfin the Do- ‘ninion Parliament under the leadership of Hon. . A. Crerar, formerly Minister of Ag- ,rieiflture in the Union government and the dramatic» turn-over of power in Ontario, so , that Premier Drury presides over ,the first rovincial farmers’ govérnment in the Domin- ion—have drawn public attention to the fact that the farmer in Canada is :‘m‘ politics—very much in politics. 'The actual number of mem- bers elected to the federal house at the mo- ment is not great—the new party numbers 13 just now—but their influence is out of all pro- portion to their numbers. That is because the men are generally recognized to be the van- guard of the host that will be elected at the next Dominion election, judging by all pres- ent indications. It is also because there is a freshness of utterance and largeness of vision about the farmer legislators already elected. The political calculations of the old time part- iu have been ruthlessly upset and the farm- era are claiming that 'in their new movement not merely the farmers but the general public is speaking to the historic parties the words, “We are, tired of you. It is time for a change.” - . Notwithstanding the dramatic nature of the events in Ontario, it is in the west that the political strength of the new movement is es- tablished. Mr. O. R. Gould, M. P., himself recently elected by a tremendous majority in the Assiniboia constituency in Saskatchewan is authority for the statement that there are now approximately 150,000, electors behind the candidates of the new National party (the favored designation of the new party) in the three prairie provinces: He estimates that there are 75,000 adherents of the new party in Saskatchewan, 40,000 in each of the prov— inces of Manitoba and Alberta and at that says nothing about British Columbia, whose newly established farmers’ organization has a membership of 4,000 and is rapidly growing. It is evident that at the next general election in the Dominion a body of electors of that III. in a thinly populated country like west- ern Canada will mean/a large accession to the ranks ,of farmer M. Pa’s. The conservative utimate today is that the new National party will elect at least 30 members in the prairie provinces when the electors mark their, ballots. For a moment let us turn to consider the origin of the movement that has become with- in the last year or two so great a force in Do- minion life and politics. It was in December, 41901 that a few leading farmers of the district net at Indian Head, Saskatchewan and de- cided to form an association for the protection of the interests of the, farmer against the growing tendency of the big transportation and elevator concerns tolfleece him. At that time the movement was a mere protest against economic (Those were the days of '80 and 40 cent wheat and there Was some need to protest.) The first convention had ‘presént representatives from 38 local associations. Now ‘_ there are 100,000 definite members of the as- peiationsin the three great prairie branches 1 of. the movement and, as Mr. Gould points out, a great outside public ready toaupport their pennies: Such phenomenal owth is a tribute Wont: Growers" V. to the fact thatthe associauonhaawmetxa rea- . By H. D. RANNS been busy gathering adherents, educating their constituencies and perfecting their or- ganization. The associations have succeeded in teaching the farmer that he is more than a farmer—he is a citizen. They have helped to broaden the farmer’s outlook and led him to cast his eyes and project his thoughts far be- yond his own half section. The associations have also been powerful agents in the improve— The Thing That Wins T MUST be clear to all farmers that if sufficient numbers of them take a posi- tion in defense of their just rights, they must win out. But farmers do not learn this except by bitter experience. For years the farmers of ‘the west attempted half-heartedly to protect themselves from the avarice and dishonesty of the grain dealers. They did not succeed. Then they organized a N on-Partisan League and got what belonged to them. The Bet growers of Colorado and other western g states have made repeated attempts to get a fair share of the profits of the industry, but it was not until this year when every last man determined to stand loyally by his association that an was accom- plished. The history of the Canadian farmers’ economic and political struggles has been the same. Fifty per cent loyal- ty will not win. One hundred per cent will, every time.—Editor. ment of general living conditions on the prair- ies. The Grain Growers have always stood for an insistence on the fact that life is more than money and have advocated better roads, better homes, better schools, better churches—— with marked effect. ' They have, in addition, done more than any other agency to' break down that individualism and conservatism that seem natural to the prairie farmer and have made possible united and successful ac- tion for better social conditions on the prairie. A programma such as this naturally appeal- ed to other rural dwellers than the farmers themselves. Wisely enough, the associations did not limit their membership to farmers, but welcomed the support of all desirous of helping forward the things for which the movement stood. The result has been that the membership today includes many preachers and teachers in particular, who have done their best for the cause. In these latter days, when the National party is appealing for po- litical support, the movement is meeting with its reward for the policy of the open door pur- sued through the years. It is significant that at the recent by-election Mr. O. R. Gould of Assiniboia was supported by an overwhelm- ing number of the people of the small towns of the constituency, class lines being absolute- ly- obliterated. ' . - For many years these associations and their members had an indirect rather than a direct influence upon politics. It was known gen- erally where they stood on different matters of public policy and both “historic parties”- made bids for their support. In 1911 the farm- ers of the west almost to a man supported Sir Wilfrid Laurier in his reciprocity scheme, but in 1917 the mass of them supported the, Union i .1 opt f” the. winning pf the war. In ttors 'eyhave been divided on virtual party lines, though there is a strong move- ment now for farmers’ governments in the prairie provinces, especially in Alberta. In both provincial and Dominion governments “ prominent men have been elected to seats and in a number'of cases to places in the cabinets. But they sat by virtue of the fact that they supported a Liberal or Conservative or Union- ist government, not because of their position as Grain Growers. All the same the Grain Growers have been a tremendous influence in politics for a long time. At the recent Sas- katchewan convention Hon. George Langley, himself an official of the Grain Growers, de- clared that theoGrain Growers had got every important reform for which they had asked his government. More than once a resolution of one of the Grain Growers’ conventions has been the means of initiating government ac- tion. ‘But it was not until November, 1916 that the farmers could even be said to have gone into politics. At that time the Canadian Council of Agriculture, the organization link- ing the different provincial branches, issued its first statement of a platform for Dominion afiFairs. That platform has been revised twice since that time, has been before the associa-i tions of the diiferent ‘ provinces for adoption and has come to be the rallying point for the farmers and others who favor its adoption. What sort of reforms are these farm- ers so anxious to have brought about? They have been widely accused by the members of the old line parties of “class politics,” so an examination of their platform should be use- ful in the discovery of what grounds it af- fords for such an accusation. Let us run rap- idly over the leading planks in the platform. First of all, there is the gradual reversion to. a policy of free trade, including an immediate and substantial all—around reduction of the customs tariff, the present reduction of tariff on goods from Great Britain to one-half and gradual reduction to absolute free trade in five years, an endeavor to secure reciprocal trade in natural products With the United States, the placing of all foodstuffs on the free list, also of agricultural implements, that reductions made to other countries be also granted to Great Britain and that corporations engaged in the manufacture of protected goods be obliged to publish a statement of their profits. So you see they are drastic enough in their views on the tariff question but they claim, and, surely, rightly, that such tariff reductions would benefit, or the reverse, all other sections of the general public. On other public questions, they have a plat- form, which has been described by the press generally as the most statesmanlike platform, . before the Canadian public. Here are some points, tax on unimproved land values, grad- uated income tax, tax on the profits of corpor- ations, no more natural resources be alienated from the Crown, the introduction of a land settlement scheme, public ownership of util- ities in railway water and aerial, telephone,"f “ telegraph and express systems, no titles to be conferred on Canadians in the future, the senate to be reformed, abolition of the patron» , , age system, removal of all press censorships,‘ ‘ proportional representation, direct legisla,tion,_ opening of seats to women on equal terms to" men and the prohibition of the importation and sale of liquor as a beverag That is the (in of the platform and you judge for yourself whether it is a class plat.- form. _ E WERE hardly prepared for , , the unanimous vote whiclr has ~ .. ;been cast by members of the Michigan Milk Producers’ Ass’n, in » favor of a farmer-owned distributing ‘- plant in the city of Detroit. Al- though this questionnaire has been i. “published in only one issue the re— ' spouse has been very gratifying, and without a single exception all be- lieve that the milk producers should market their dairy products. BelOw we reproduce a number of letters that have been received upon the subject. The questionnaire will be continued for some time to come and we trust every producer who markets his milk in the city of De- troit will let his position on this important matter be known. The coupon printed two weeks ago will be found on this page. Clip 'it and tell us what YOU think about this sub- ject. “We Are Ready" Says Robin Carr “I have never started a letter with more enthusiasm for the subject than I am this one. And it's nothing new with me, thank goodness, this start towards a farmers’ distributing plant. I’ve put it up to N. P. Hull, the Detroit News and other parties and interests with always the same reply—‘ I was 20 years ahead of the time.’ “I’ve also asked why with one dol- v lar and one man invested and work- ing for thedistributor to 100 for the producer why did it take more to distribute than produce. “And the one big thing I figure is to-push the idea of just one distribu— tor plant for Detroit and that the farmers’. We don't want to enter in competition, that would be just one more waste. We want to start something to cut out the present criminal. waste of distributing milk. If every milk producer within one hundred miles of Detroit says we will sell milk to just one plant and that the farmers' what more is to be said. “The elevators and mills have seen the steam roller coming and have been anxious to sell their prop- erty before their competitor sold out to the co-ops and who knows but if our noise is loud enough right from the start the Detroit milk distribut- ors may want to dodge the roller. “The farmer is just beginning to feel his power and say, isn't it fun? Think of it—the idea that in any— thing '50 direct as milk from farm to user that we have got to have some- body standing between holding no gun telling us we get so much and the user pays so much. I can’t see myself 20 years ahead of the times in wanting to mind my own business. I'd sooner say I was 20 years under the sod if I didn’t say it was the only solution and why not now. “The dairy interests and )oiiCles of Michigan have been dict? red and dominated by a few Holstein breed— ers who have done an unseli‘ sh good work. but their vision I would say has been too narrow and they are not big enough for the job longer. At our last local producers’ meet— ing out of a big crowd I was the only one interested enough to ask Secre— tary Reed—‘what about a plant?'—-— and he said ‘Are we ready?’ I’ll agree THE MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARM- “ should operate a sub-soil plow and . see if they couldn’t uncover a multi- tude of our dear departed (mental- ly)‘ who are still with us physically. ' . ~ “I don't believe there could be a clearer case of the milk situation than mine has been in the past. I ‘ have an ideal stock farm, every foot .. productive, 160 acres, old .home, bought for $13,000 at 5 per cent 8 V years ago. Am 33 years old, al- .. ,yvayssaving, high school and short i M. A. C. coarse. My wife is a work- rand we have hardly any other'in— forest but milk from registered Hol- steins and have never owned an au: mobile..- ‘Our fences should have , ‘venot seen paint in ages, our roofs Mk, etc. ~We have never paid a cent on; the'farm and owe $2,000. The i ' tilting that keeps us going is the desire. our old. home. What Questionnaire Show been new 10 years ago, the buildings - at wecan cash,in any time "tsunami timeout/mus its ‘r .1 _.- and extra good herd of cattle we could clean up $15,000 to $20,000. But suppose tomorrow lightning hits our farm and burns up our cattle and barn and lowers the value of our farm, where are we? I don't call that farming. I have done things at a disadvantage my wholealife for lack of funds. There is a ditch stringing quack grass through the middle of our best forty that should have been tiled 10 years ago. I-don't believe there is better evidence of what dairying has not been than that. So I say go to it, you’ll make a kill- ing and I'm glad your hands are free to do it. Michigan has always needed just such an enterprise as yours. ThanIks."——-Robin Carr, Living- ston County. Believe Officers Capable of Taking Step “My attitude on the present milk situation is this: In our Association we have a president and secretary, the latter with whom I am person- ally acquainted, and in all the other ofli-cers we have men“ who are able and competent to take care of this situation if the members will only back them up with their support fin- ancially as well as otherwise. The members of the Commission are also equally competent, and no fears need ‘———_————-——_——q——————_—- Shall the Milk Producers Market Their Own Product? To the Reader: ‘ Please use this coupon to express your views on the question, “Shall the Milk Producers market their own Product?" write your views in greater detail, which we would prefer to have you do so. use a separate sheet of paper. Question No. 1—Are you satisfied with the commission plan of fixing milk prices?. .. . . . . . . . . ' Question No. 2—Do you favpr the Milk Producers', Ass’n distribut- ing the milk of its members? . . . . . . ' Question No. 8——Do you think the time ripe for making plans Question No. 4—H you do not favor the actual ' by the producers. do you favor a central salesagency in Detroit where the milk may be received, weighed, tested and sold- either to distribute . m-s or to the retail grocery trade?. . _> _ g v ‘ , Question Nb. 5~Areiyou “a memberof Produc? ers' Ass’nif.‘ . . . . . . How you . I. . . ' - Do you consider you nre making money at . . . . . . . . J . I I l l l l l l l | l l l 1 toward this end? . . . . . . . . 'l l I l l l i l I I I l . (Please state >opposition, if any.) (Please give such other informational!“ 131W}! titude on the present milksituation.) ». . t g , , _ be had as to their ' judgment and handling of the afiairs of the Associ- ation. If it lies within their power all will come out right in the end.” —*—A. R. Levy, Clinton County. (Note; Mr. Levy states in a cou- pon that he is satisfied with the com- mission plan, but favors the distri— — bution of milk by farmer-owned en- terprise.) Systematized Milk Business "Dear Editor—In your May 8th issue you want to know if we, the producers of milk are in favor of handling the selling of our milk in the city of Detroit. “I lived in the city of Detroit near- ly all "of my life (29 years) and have seen a little of the distributing and handling of milk and the just ve‘rr diet that I would give the present system is so rotten that it stinks. s such: x men ’ :of Detroit”; ‘ ~ “crease general rule'are' thehard‘o’st .- , workers, andg‘th‘e "Throat x person'sng , I and womanirandsare the; backs" bone of this many: other nation. ' Their remuneration-.mrggiiersl is low.- ' er than that of the moist illiterate la— ' borer in town also the taking" or “their investment into consideration they make no. interest, or the «little, that is made generally come out of _ the fertility of the farm. r “The distributingof milk by ,the producers as I see it, should be undertaken at once. I spoke at our. -local 'producers’ association May '1‘ on this very' subject and, fromevery.’ side they expressed the’ir'opinion as the same and asked me if I had been associated With distributing of milk ; in the city. I was not directly but - have been at times indirectly con Who Gets Your Milk. Money? i ! ‘ _ Consumer , Producer Distributor paid cents '1 received ,' ‘1 received City i‘ pcr‘ quart . cents per 3 ~ , g ‘ ' (N- S» figures .qilel"? quart " " for April ’ Detroit . . . . . . . . . -' 16- 7.8 8.2 San Francisco . . .‘ . . . . . . . . . .. 16 >88, 7.2 Denver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' 13 7.3 v 5.7 Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 .5 11.3 6.2 Augusta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 10.0- 10.0 Chicago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' 14 7.7 v 6.3 Des Moines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7.8 7.2 ‘ Kansas City, Kas. . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7.5 7.5 ' New Orleans . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . w 19 ‘ 11.3 7.7 Boston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 . 10.1 6.9 St. Paul . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . r. . 13 ' 8.2 4.8, ' St. Louis . . . V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 8.8 6.2 Omaha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . 16.6 7.1 , 9.5 Lincoln . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 - 7.1 —7.9 NeWYork.............,.... 15 8.0 7.0 Cleveland . -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 8.7 6.3 Eugene. Ore. \ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 8.0 7.0 \ Pittsburg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x . . . . 15 9.3 5.7 ‘ Philadelphia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 ‘ 9.7, . 4.8 Memphis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 9.6 8.4 Salt Lake City . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.5 7.2 5.8 .. Spokane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 7.9 7 .1 Milwaukee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 7.9 4.1 This table shows the proportion of the price of a quart of milk that goes to the farmer and the distributor. The milk prices are the latest reported to the United States Department *of Agriculture, The. proportionate division as between farmer and milk company is that which Professor J. H. Frandson of the University of Nebraska, found to obtain in 1918.—-Detroi: Times. ‘ ‘ I Capital was never invested in such a- way that it should benefit humanity at large. Three years ago May‘ll, 1920 I came on the farm. One thing I made up my mind to stick and I am still here and am going today. I was a greenhorn and the first time that I took hold of‘the plough handles it would have made anyone smile. Per- severance will work Wonders. Farm- 1 | l l l l l l I If you wish to distribution of «milk sosoooo_o "" ~.. ,p, . x -&_—_—;‘_I————‘————————————_-— W. W ‘ i .r. v nected with it. ’ ' “We have twelve farmers that fide— . liver their milk to the station for shipping to the city in our route, one ' of which hauls the milk as his turn comes. You ask anyone of them if he could afford to go every day in- stead of every twelfth‘ day with his milk to the station and he would say: ‘I would have to sell my cows as the ‘ expense is too great,’ and some send nearly 40 gallons daily. That is equivalent to the same with distri- buting. You can plainly see the overlapping of routes and deliveries and the needless expense and over- head which must be met by such an impractical system that now ex- ists. ’ ' “My solution that I offer is this: Take a survey of the city of Detroit and determine, every station on the railroad and electric where milk comes to the city, proximity of the stations to the density of population and have them located at' certain points along these lines near where a receiving plant with full equipment can receive and handle it in a sys— tematic way without any duplica- ‘tion whatever and deliver it to the public. One such central plant and maybe twelve others distributed at best advantage as a survey would determine throughout the city. If you have ‘ever seen a progressive track in an automobile factory you can understand my estimation of system. “Elbert Hubbard said that he used :’ to deliver milk when; they used" an angle iron to notify their patrons of the pr‘esenceof the milk peddler in ’ the neighborhood, and that he lost his iob because he thOught he could do his work faster by delivering it to the door instead of waiting for people to come out and get it them- « selves. This is the only evolution that the milk distribution has had since my boyhood days, except the pasteurizing, bottling, etc., demand- ed by the board of health. A blind man can see the antiquity 5 of the present lack of system. . “Manufacturers say that they can- not run their plants without modern systems employed. ers (manufacturers) if you please, of one of the most vital (bar none) es- sentials of the foods which is neces- sary to the welfare of the nation and" has made us as a people What we are. I should say that we must distribute .- We the produc- ‘ this milk ourselves and the kindred ‘ by-products of same irrespective of any compromise of middlemen so far as is possible, I am also voicing my milk producing neighbors idea at this same time.- We the farmers should own, the country receiving stations, the determined by” survey ‘ receiving stations in the city, trucks. j wagons and all other”machinery and ' equipment necessary to thebetter-e ing of the milk business throughout. _ “Too many distributors have-made ' ' fortunes ,atthe expense of the. pro~_ ; .ducers. (Iain members Oran assoc); -' .ati'on .andfmilk 713‘ about"the§ only ’ " product sold‘orii‘my rain}: :duceits as a. wholefwant to ‘ ._I say howls tho-time 5811 ' ‘ ‘ v Fabric Law Means Higher Price to Farmer; Lower Price to Consumer ‘. D ._[ |. 2, _'man of thisCommittee is "per oent of these schoolrdoms "“9 . ’ ‘ considering create»? Advérfli‘irés' ; I sancnsomniirsnfschoorbecomes ' the center for social‘fll’fe of the . -“;co.mmunit-y. ‘. It is the logical place because ‘of- theinterest that all have in the school. No religious dog- mas enter to divide people in groups. V This opportunity for people to meet and- mingle with one another,‘ to dis- cuSs ’problems that are pertinent to . all, and to come to a better under- standing Qf each other, is a large ,factor in making the country life a desirable“ life. ' s The consolidated school moreover makes it possible to have better trained and experienced teachers. Teachers prefer to work where‘there are other teachers and where they have fewer grades with more time for the instruction of each grade. The study made of Grosse Ile con- .solidate‘d school, the six consolidat— ed schools of Iron County organized under the township system, and the rural agricultural school at Otter Lake, Portage Township, Houghton County, indicated this to betrue. In Grosse Ile eighty-five per cent of the teachers were normal school gradu- ates, having had two years of train- ing abovefithe four years of high school. ' Seventy per cent of the teachers had had three years or more of experience. In the Iron county consolidated schools, eighty seven per cent of the teachers employed were college. or normal school graduates, having from two to four years of training above the four years of high school work. Sixtydour per cent of the teachers had had three years or more of experience. In-the rural agricultural school, a iconsolidated school at Otter Lake, all teachers employed “were either col- lege or state normal school .gradu- ates. Sixty-six per cent had three years or more of experience. . Compare these facts with the con.- ditions in our one-room schools. In . 1918, but forty-six percent of these teachers had had one year or more of normal school training, and many_ of this number were not graduates from a four year high school. In 1915, and the conditions would be about the same now, but twenty-two per cent had had three years or more of experience. The experience of seventy-eight per cent of these teach- ers ranged from none to two years. This, put in other terms, means that the boys and girls of seventy—eight are being taught by immature teachers with limited experience. Is the consolidated school expen- sive? In answer to this question I submit the financial report of Mat- ? TRUTH in Fabric Bill was intro- duced in the House of Repre- sentatives January 7, 1920, by Congressman Burton L. French,‘ of Idaho. This bill is known in the House as H. R. 11641, and is now before the Interstate Commerce Com— mittee of the House of Representa— tives. The'Chairman of this com- mittee is the Honorable John J. Esch, of Wisconsin. ' ‘_ - This same Truth in Fabric Bill was introduced in‘ the senate, January 8, 1920, by Senator Arthur Capper, of Kansas. This bill is known in the Senate as S. 3686‘, and is now be- fore the Interstate Commerce Com- mit-tee of the Senate. The Chair— Senator , Albert B-sCu-mmins, of Iowa. . _ , This Trut’h‘dn Fabric Bill,’ now be- ‘fore both branches of Congress,~will, if, enacted into law, immediately l’OWerfthe, prices of clothes. , . = purpose of this Truth ianabw "’ fie-Bill, as, stated in the bill’s intro- ‘ ,ducto’ry paragraph, is: “‘To' prevent deceit and profiteere. that result .from the unrevealeg " ‘ "ubstitutes. for. virgin ‘ fabrics purporting ‘ '~in garments.” * By WILFQRD oft-Newt system Extra Cost is a Negligible Item 14. COFFEY 'Assistant’w’isupefmtehdent of Public Instruction Sewing class if Iron River township school dlstrlct tawan school, a typical consolidated school with one hundred seventy—six pupils enrolled, and four busses em- ployed to transport the children to school. A . Receipts Money on hand, July 8 1918, Gen. Fund . . . .$ 303.36 Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.28 Received from Primary school Int. fund . . . . . 1,323.09 Received from library fund . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . 55.03 Received from tuition of non-resident pulpils. . . . 239.85 Received from district tax— es, for Gen. Fund . 7,578.68, Received from loans 2,300.00 Received from other sourc— es, miscellaneous 19.63 $11,853.92 Expenditures -/ Paid men teachers .. . .$ 1,000.00 Paid women teachers. .. 3,690.00 Paid library books . . . . . 76.00 Paid indebtedness . . . . . 3,100.00 Paid for transportation of pupils . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,227.89 Paid for general purposes 1 general fund . . . . . . .. 1,453.48 Amt. on hand, Gen. fund 293.24 Amt. on hand, library 13.31 $11,853.92 Less amt. on hand . . . . . . 306.55 $11,547.37 namely, shoddy and cotton,'and to give the people the knowledge of the “presence of substitutes—the knowl— edge that is. the people’s only pro- tection against those who would pro- cure for the substitute the price of the genuine. - The Truth in Fabric Bill would lowar the price of clothes because of the following reasons: 1. The bulk of the raw material now used in woolen apparel sold as all wool, is shoddy. Under the Truth in Fabric Bill, shoddy can no longer be sold as vir— gin wool, and shoddy profiteering' would consequently be stopped and the price of shoddy would inevitably be forced down. ., Therefore, the-price of all apparel containing shoddy would immediate- 1y~be lowered, and vthis'would .include ‘ a very large part of all apparel. 2., The“ passage of the Truth in Fabric Bill Would also immediately multiply the produgtidn '- of virgin Wool fabrics for the following rea- son: ~ ~ . (a) The reason” huge. stocks of virgin woolfireqnowulying in store'- houses unmanutactur‘ed ; is because unid ' had ” its the man- i ,, pupils Less primary money ceived 1,323.09 a u n - . c - o . - c . - _ $10,224.28 Less indebtedness paid over and above loans. . 800.00 Cost to district . . . . . . ..$ 9,424.28 Four busses at $2,227.89, making $556.87 average cost per bus. This school is not organized under the Rural Agricultural law for con— solidation. If it were it would re~ ceive each year $600.00 for mainten— ’ance and $200 for each vehicle used as the seven consolidated districts op— erating under this act are receiving. This would be an additional amount of $1,400 which would be subtract~ ed, making the cost to the tax pay-_ ers of Mattawan $8,024.28. This cost is more nearly proportionate than that which each primary dis- trict paid for its school, but it is not excessive when the advantages of the consolidated school are consid— ered. Below are the amounts that are be- ing paid this year for transporta— tion in several of the consolidated schools: Buckley Consolidated School, Wex- ford County: Three busses—One at $4.00 per day; tw0 at $2.00 per day. Napoleon Consolidated School, Jackson County: Four busses—one at $9.00 per day; one at $8 per day; one at $6.50 per day; one at $5.80 per day. With the Truth in Fabric Bill en- acted into law, the fabric manufact- urer could no longer, as now, divert the people’s demand for virgin wool to the rag and shoddy industries, and fabric manufacturers would conse— quently be forced to make up into fabrics the vast quantities of virgin wool now lying in the storehouses. (b) It is estimated that, because of lack of ships to transport the wool from where it was produced to where it could be manufactured into cloth, there accumulated throughout the world during the war 1,265,000,000 pounds of virgin wool. (0) Notwithstanding the fact ’-that the world produces only one- third or less as much virgin wool as is needed in any one year, yet, on September 1, 1919, nearly ten months after the signing of the arm- istice, there was in the United States more than 700,000,000 pounds of virgin wool, an amount which ex- ceeds by 100,000,000 pounds the United States annual consumption of virgin wool.» ‘ Furthermore, at the present time, Vnearly a year and a half after the signing of the armistice, it is esti- matedthat there is more than one - billion pounds of "virgin ,wool in the World’s store—houses, , elusive- of the .-w~’s.~cns ‘ “wrong aimed at by the over-all and '11 29.. shamans ‘ We , ,-. ,_ Goodrich Consolidated School, Gen- esee County: Three busses at $85.00 per month each. , 7 Grand Blanc Consolidated School, Genesee County: Five busses—Three at $60 per month; one at $50 per month; one at $120 per month. Gaines Consolidated School, Gen- esee County: Four busses—One at $40 per month; one at $70 per month; one at $80 per month; one at $100 per month. Is transportation practicable and feasible? Transportation is practic— able. It has passed the experiment- a1 stage. It is being carried out in every part of Michigan under all kinds of climatic conditions. It has proved successful in the Dakotas and Minnesota Where the winters are as severe as any place in Michigan. It has proved successful in states farth- er south Where road conditions due to mud have to be overcome. The covered vehicles used in transportau} tion are heated, or foot—warmers are provided, so that with sufficient robes the children arrive at school, after having ridden as far as eight miles, in a more comfortable condition than if they had been required to walk a. mile or more through snow, slush or mud. The data following illus- trate What is being done in transpor- - tion of school children in some of the country schools in Michigan. The distance given is the distance from the time the first child enters the ve- hicle until he reaches the school- house. . . Hoxeyville Consolidated School—- Two busses travel eight miles; one seven miles one four and one-half miles. Buckle-y Consolidated School—One bus travels six and one—half miles; one five miles; one two miles. Napoleon Consolidated School—— One bus travels nine miles; one eight and one—half miles; one eight“ miles; one six and-,one—h'alf miles. ,{ Otter Lake Consolidated School— One bus travels three miles; one four miles; one five miles. Goodrich Consolidated School— One bus travels ten miles; one nine miles; one eight and one-half miles. Gaines Consolidated School—One bus travels eight and one-fourth miles; one seven miles; one four and three-eighths miles; one three and one-fourth miles. Auto busses are used to make the longer trips given above. (The above is the third 01‘ a series of articles on the ConSOlidated School. The fourth and last will ap- pear in an early issue, Readers are Teamsted to write their opinions on this new school system.~—~Edit07‘. A conservative estimate of the world’s clip for 1920 is 2,500,000;- 000 pounds. Therefore, there will be available within a very few weeks, more than 3,500,000,000 pounds of virgin wool. (d) If the Truth in Fabric Bill is passed, all of this huge quantity of virgin wool would be immediately converted into cloth (instead of vast quantities of it being permitted to lie in storehouses, as has been done with great quantities of virgin wool since the signing of the armistice,) and the tremedously multiplied pro- duction of virgin wool cloth would “ effectively check and eliminate the rising price menace, and establish a sound economic price basis “‘upon which business can proceed with safety and satisfaction. , -' '- By promptly passing the Truth in 7 Fabric Bill, Congress will right the] 4' old clothes clubs being throughout the country. .. By passing the Truth in Fabric; Bill, Congress will render thecou , try a very great service by lowerin‘ the price of a necessity of~life,' ‘ by establishing sound scam practices in connecti, 1th othéaarwllxilch-wiw u " ‘ t . , formed; ‘ An independent v r Former: Week/Irv Owned and Edited ll lcblgou SATURDAY, MAY 22. 1920 Published every Saturday by the RURAL PUBLISHING OOIPAIIY. Inc. Mt. chm-m. mum», , Members Agricultural Publishers Annotation . 3mm in New York. Chicago, St. Louis and Minneapolis N Papers. Incorporated ‘ the Annotated Form GEORGE It. SLOCUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . “PUBLISHER FORREST LORD . . . . . .3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..EDl’l‘OB FrhkR. sun “soonmimotmmw D- c a c . . . . . . u . . . . . . . . 11 Milan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deni-uncut M D. Lamb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..Audito Frank M. We ! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ht wrinklith be] Okra hdd . . . . . . . . . . "Woman‘s and Children’s Dept. Wii in E. Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Dorothea: ONE YEAR, 52 ISSUES. ONE DOLLAR Three run. 156 Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "82.00 Flu nan. “0 Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "88-00 Advertising Rates: Forty-five cents put out. line. 14 In. to the column inch. 708 lines to pass. Lln Stock and Auction 3an Advertising: We one: cock] low {onto-thin reputable breeders of live stock and poultry! write u' an. oun comm mm'rms WeWukom-rudonbhmmod— vex-users when possible. cot-bu and m are cheeaully sent free, on who“ a x 3mm Providing you my w doting from them, "I saw your ad. in my W. Business hmer.‘ Entered as second-class matter. at post-0mm, Mt. Clarion. Mich. Farmer-Owned Enterprises 0 ONE HAS yet given a satisfactory reason why the sugar beet growers can- not own and operate sugar factories, or milk producers distributing plants. The answer ‘ eternally is, “It can’t be done;” “it can’t be done}? Why? Give us just one sound, sensible rea- son and we’ll forever hold our peace. Until then we shall proclaim from the housetops that the farmers can and ought to do these things, and we shall stand ready to assist them in every way at our command. Tell us,_pray, What is required in the suc- cessful operation of a sugar factory or a milk distributing system? Both turn out an abso- lute essential. The market is established; the demand is assured. Only three essentials re- main in the conduct of such enterprises. They are Raw Material, Capital, Good Management. No matter by whom these enterprises are owned, the farmer furnishes the raw materi- al. So check that off. Capital for sugar factories and milk dis- tribting enterprises is now furnished largely by men who have no interest in the enterpris- es except the dividends which they may earn on the stock. The individual stockholders of these concerns many of whom live in Detroit and New York City, haven’t the slightest in- terest in what the farmer gets for his raw ma- terial or what the consumer pays for the fin- ished product. Now What is the objection to letting the 12,000 sugar beet growers and the 12,000 members of the Michigan Milk Producers’s Ass’n contribute their collective credit for the purchase of factories and plants and for the finishing and distributing of their products. Has not the farmers’ money the same power to reproduce itself as the money of the professional capitalist? When you give us the answer, we’ll check that 01?, too. Now comes management. “Granted,” the skeptic will say, “that the farmers can furnish the raw material and the. capital, but he cannot furnish the manage- ment.” Well, who wants the farmers to leave their fanns and become managers of sugar factories or milk plants? We don’t. We’ll concede that the best farmer on earth might be a flat failure at the head of such enter- But again, the farmer would merely be in the same position as are present stock-_ holders of these concerns. What does, Mr. John Dough of Wall Street,~ who has a sub- stantial block of stock in a Michigan sugar factory, know about making sugar! 01‘ what does the Detroit music manufacturer who draws down his thirty per cent dividends from the business of milk distributig know about the intricacies of the businws. They- ‘don’t know, that ’s the. point, so they hire someone who does know. And the farmer, who in recent years has learned to trust- those ..whmn' he puts in charge of his business affairs . . t9;.chire..th°. surname, is . 1.0 Pay them what their services are worth, ‘beets; . and Fordney ' W .04- , _ . - would fail if managed,~f r instance,-by,Mr. 7th E. Wallace; :or that "a farmer-owned distribute ing enterprise would go on the rocks it man- aged, for instance, by Mr. W. J. Kennedy, of Tower’s Wayne County, Creamery!” Am wer this question now, on forever hold your 'peace. Then we’ll check this ad, too, undue-- move the last argument that is keeping the farmer from sharing the profits that now go to Detroit and New York capitalists.- ‘l‘he Eficct of Competition « HE COMPETITION of the Michigan State Farm Bureau in the wool-buying ficldhashadamostsignificanteficctupontho prices adored by the local buyers. It is a mat- tcroffactthatfumenlivinginthecounfia where the Farm Bureau is pooling wool m receivingfrom'ltolscentspcrpoundmoro than the farmers living in adjoining counties where the Farm Bureau is not active. For instance, the Farm Bureau is making advance payments to the farmers of Clinton county, on the basis 0180 cents per pound for the best" grades of wool. In Gratiot county - on the north the top price adored by dealers is 60 cents for the best grades. Here is a difierence of 20 cents per pound in two separate localities less than 50 miles apart. This is one of the greatest advantages of co- operation. . ' Farmers are too prone to look for theim- mediate and direct results of co-operativc ef- forts and to overlook the accumulative and in- direct benefits. For this reason many co-operw tive associations lose the support of their mem: bers and fail. Nevertheless, it stands to rea- son that never was a farmers’ co-operative marketing association organized that. did not exert some beneficial effect upon the prices for farm products. ' It is not uncommon for members of» co-op- erative associations to patroniza their compet- itor when he over-bids or under-sells their own company. They do not seem, to under- stand that the only reason the competitor of- fers more is because the presence of the co-op- erative association makes it necessary. _ ’ The greatest drawback to cooperative prog- ress is the disloyalty of the very ones Whom such cooperation will benefit the most. Every attempt to effect an organization for the good of the farmers has had its knockers.~ Always there were a few who would not join, and al- ways there were a few who, after joining, be- came excellent crepe hangers and did their level best to destroy their organizations for the lack of. which they would be getting to- day but a fraction of what they are receiving for their products. The success of farmers’ organization is measured wholly by the yardstick [of loyalty. Loyalty will forgive mistakes and bad man— agement. Loyalty will survive a period of loss. Loyalty will present an insurmountable obstacle to the enemies of organization. Loy- alty will always Win. Be loyal to your organ-’~ ization three hundred and sixty five days out of the year, and nothing can prevent you from attaining your goal. ‘ ' Political Gas A PROMINENT politician was once asked the secret of ‘ his success. “Promise everything? he replied, “but don ’t carry out "your promises unless you have to." ‘ - ‘ There are quite a number of successful pol— iticians who owe their position to a servance of this rule. Take Congressman .Fm-dney, for instance. Inst fall he faithfully- .promned the bean growers of that he would use all the influence at his command to secure special tarifl legislation on beans. Knowing Mr. Fprdney to be all‘but omnipo- tent in“ the lower house of Congress, the bean growers - confidently awaited results. They were not forthcoming. The sugar beet con- troversy got warm; the manufacturers saw. they would need some hm land for/sugar ', mysteriously laid ‘ I thatch: Premise wee-rim that-"#1. 7v pf ctr-,itfwouldinvesti candidate for President on Democratic ticket, thought it would make the sugar beet growers feel good and possibly get him a/ few extra votes at the primary'if he promised to \ help them. But Mr. Palmer made a terribly poor showing in the primary and he promptly I lost interest in the sugar beet controversy. Telegrams dispatched‘to him since the primar— ies reminding him of his promise have gone His promise was just' politigal vvindjamming. ' . How long, how long, will the farmers be willing victims of the gas attacks of the poli- ticians! How long will they sit like innocent children with their mouths open drinking in the worth of wisdom and the fine promises of those whose only interest in their constituents are the votes which they cast in the elections! Say, folks, isn’t it about time to bestir our- selves and with the mighty weapon of organ- ization land a knock-out blow in the solar plexus of those who promise only to deceive! Why not this fall, throw partisan politics to the wind, and put some real MEN in Cong- ress and the state legislature to take the place of the political windjammers and gas throw- ~Good Work REPRESENTATIVES of all the farm or- ganizations in Gratiot county held a joint meeting the other day and unanimously agreed to'work for the candidacy of Milo D. Campbell for Governor. Then they at in one more good lick for the cause/of agriculture ' by endorsing Ora D. Aitken, a farmer of'New _ Haven township, for the state legislatpre. If there is anything more important for the farmers to do this fall than to elect a man for Governor who has a. broad and sympathetic understanding of the needs of agriculture, it is to elect actual, horny-handed farmers to the state legislature: Many claim that this is more important than the governorslu’p. Be that as it may, it will be of tremendous assist- ance to Gov. Campbell, if he can have men in both houses of the legislature upon whom he can depend to carry out his reforms. We have had many able governors in the past whose hands have been tied by an un- sympathetic and reactionary legislature. The “immortal nineteen” effectually blocked the best efforts of one of the best governors Mich- igan ever had. To avoid a repetition of this letusbyallmeansselectmcnforflwflouse and Senate whom we know to be progressive in spirit, thought and action to co-operate with a Governor who will, we believe give Michigan an administraton of economy and efficiency that will long be remembered in the ~ annals of the state. A Great ‘iDiscovery” THE DETROIT newspapers have 'mads a great “discovery.’_’ They have sudden- ly unearthed the fact that the farmers around Detroit are getting less than 50 per cent of the consumer’s dollar for the milk they sell. For years and years farmers have sold milk to » dealers in the city of Detroit. The consumer has used the milk and paid for it, without even wondering where it came from or what persons shared in the distribution of his dol— lar." The newspapers—those wonderful ad- vanm guards of civilization and ammution,—— ' have published eons of pages" ‘about ,ulmost ev 7 conceivable subject which Selects the p e of Detroit with thewexeeption of food. Apparently newspaper writers have known no more aboutthcsourcosnd original costofiood than the benidxtcd W, so thsyjnvo left ' ‘ the subject pretty much ' alone. “But new 111- ter all these years they‘have just made the , startling discovery that the farmer uces = foodJoz-theWotwhichho‘r y " wobbles-than. “ . ' the " 7 . gate-the acetate-f . ' ation in Michigan. But that Was boilers the. ' primaries.” The Attorney General, who is a . l l . '1‘] ‘ ' . "cost plus ten per cent." «econ Wmsrm'mmsm - muons '10 MATCH" The fellow who said ~“youcan't un- scramble eggs” ,said a mouthful. The -net result of trust-busting so far have been to slightly increase the office expenses of ,the unscrambled companies and furnish an excuse ‘for still higher prices. The sooner all anti-trust laws are/ repealed and every industry organized into the - strongest kind of a trust, the better for all concerned. \ .A popular slogan just now is I don’t want the extra ten per cent. Fix prices so that after paying all other expenses I have for my own work as good wages as I would pay an equal- ly efficient hired' man and fair in- , terest on capital invested and I don’t 'tcma View. passed in the interests of agri- ask a cent of profit. But I doubt the practicability of abolishing prof- its entirely. The price that Would just suit me would be low for some farmers on poor land and give my smarter neighbors a handsome prof- it. But such profits, so far as they are due to superior efficiency and if divided fairly among those whose efficiency produced them, will tend to raise the general standard of em- ciency, cheapen production and eventually make lower prices possi- ble. Just what per cent to allow above average production cost so as to encourage efliciency without put- ting too many of the less efficient producers out of business is a sep- arate problem for each industry to be solved by experts familiar with that industry. Ten per cent or more may be necessary in some in- dustries at first, in others a much 7 smaller per cent may be suincient, and frequent revisions to meet changing conditions will be neces- sary. Instead of fixing elf—hand a rate that we guess will be about right for us farmers, let us raise a standard to which the wise and honest in all industries can repair: “Good wages, fair interest and prices ."—'—8taoy Brown, Ionic 00. Most poo le aren’t satisfied. with “fair interest an 00d w es.” It seems to human no. ure to esp all you have, and get all you can. By necessity the former has received less than a “fair in- terest" and this ought to be an object lesson to others but it seems that it has not so served.e—Editor., A SUGAR BOYOOTT As the spokesman of the farmers’ needs and rights the Burmese FARM- us has no equal. It is Michigan's great farm paper. Let us hope it will become America's great farm pa- per. No farmer, no matter what other farm papers he may take, can afford to be without it. Isn't it about time to start a sugar beycott to bring the price of sugar down to the basis upon which farm- ers received pay for their beets? I notice that if an outsider speculates_ in sugar the government 'is hot on their trail. but the sugar companies can speculate seemingly without stint. What's the difference? I enclose $2 for 3 years subscrip- tion. When you have to raise the rate I hope I will be able to. dig up the price—Howard Smith, Genesee ‘ County. I’m ~ boycott wouldn't work. It has n ed elsewhere with little is an outrage that the Am- erican people have to y such prices for o. of capi- talists get the t of the high prices. We at at” that totlze govefimmegit will re ge aw y With their [twin the administration has some peculiar discrimination! theiasttwo earssowe may be prepar- ed for Editor. , . r assume non linoleum There has. been quite a little writ- ten in your paper in regard to a farmer governor. New I think if we are to have a farmer governor, it is last as important to have more farm- ers in the legislature and senate to hold the governor in having good I have triedto keep ‘in’ stairs of. earshot. ' re-election this fall. some farmer take his place who will not be caioled by any manor class , of men. As this will be a very im- ‘ portant session of the legislature it is important that every voter weigh this well before voting—A Close 0b- server, Benzie Gounty‘, Mich. Well spoken. The chairman of the committee which refused to repotri'lt (glut un e the warehouse amendment Hi? name is n eleventh hour is a farmer. Wm. Ivory and he lives Lapeer County. We do not know ‘what the farmers of Laxpeer county are going to say to Mr. Ivory when he comes up for Personally Ivory is a y tine chap. but his recosd in the le slature shows that he is not the man or the . IfIvory and those fannere like in the last legislature would use their influence to. prevent the people from. vo on the war use amendment, we wonder what action they wcul take on tgther matters of legisla- e Early which crammth- emTiad you an interestinpoiou'mkitwithyour ti bore and let’. all pull together to ii the biggest farmer vote at the com- ng primary that was ever cast in Mich- igan.-—-xEditor.p_ DO THE PEOPLE RULE? I would like to give my opinion on the political situation. The people at the primaries expressed their pref- erence for Senator Hiram Johnson for president. It seems as though the newspapers are knocking him, not openly, but they seem to have nothing to say in his favor. Is it be- no , ton had they not be cause they do not get‘enoug-h money out of him? It seems as though it is time we had an honest, business ad- ministration and a man at the «helm who can not be moved by the inter-'- ests and against the common people. I believe we would have such a man in Senator Johnson. Talk about the people ruling when our people whom we have chosento represent us go contrary to our wishes in electing delegates as they did at Kalamazoo— Mrs. A. S. R., Milford, Mich. I attended the convention at Kalama- I was told Co or tonv'fs‘ all to it ram or eega -a - 13:}? This. I refused to do. and be- cause I was not a regularly elected del— w. Maconm county gave perce of its vote of any county in the state, but only two of its eighteen delegates were pledged to vote for Johnson. I felt that the people of Michigan having giv- en Johnson their vote at the primary, the delegate to the State convention should elect Johnson delegates to the na- ‘ tional convention. Sleeper was for Low- den; Cramton for Johnson. but the great majority of the delegates from Cram- ton’s district, the seventh, would have voted for Sleeper in ference to Cram- withdrawn. They were perfecti willing to betray the wishes of ther constituents. But that’s the old convention system right over agIangol’n which the people do NOT rule. A CONSUMER BEARD FROM I was pleased to receive your letter of the 21st ultimo, and thank you for the pains you took to explain some things on the milk question. referred to in my letter to the De- troit News. That News letter, .' I might say, however, was not meant for the farmer, or the producer of . milk, but rather for the Detroit dis- tributor of this very essential food who claims he must have 100 per cent on the cost price to him for his profit and expense. I asked for a sworn statement of the net profits of these Detroit concerns, but they “stand mute" on the question and Judge Tuttle, no doubt will ad- vise them that this is a “constitu- tional right." I was born and raised. on the farm, where most of our cleanest and best citizens were born, and have not forgotten my father's struggle to keep a balance on the right side of the ledger and quite often it,was a struggle to keep t e proverbial wolf from the door."— 60. A. Kennedy. 360 Hancock Ava, Detroit. Mr. Kennedy had a. communication in one of the Detroit dailies in which h criticized the decision which prevents the Fair Price Board from reducinS‘gho price of milk. We wrote to Mr. Ib- nedy giving him the farmers' side i! the proposition and the above letter his reply.—Editor. ‘ cutdseecstby less. Our booklets show you how to cod Unicorn the right way—how Right now, more than ever before, you are forced to hold down the cost of milk production, or‘work without profit. A quality feed, Unicorn Dairy Ration, will help you do this. ' Quality in Unicorn means two things: 1. Using only the best feeds obtainable. 2. Putting them together the right way. Everywhere, the “high men” in cow testing associations, who make the largest net profit, are Unicorn feeders. Dairymen have cut their grain bills ten per cent' and more by feeding Unicorn. You cannot say that your production l cost" has touched bottom until you s have fed UniCorn. CHAPIN & COMPANY, Chicago fickle that I would advise “ ‘AM A farmer’s daughter and I ' expect to be married in June. We can't afford anything very expensive but I would like something nice and yet simple. I have light hair, blue eyes and a light complex~ ion . How should I dress? In what color and what kind of cloth? I donit expect to wear a veil so how should I dress my hair and shouldl wear flowers in it. How far from , the floor should my skirt be? Can you print a pattern for me in M. B. F.? It is to be in the evening, so what ‘ would you suggest for refreshments? I intend to make the dress myself." Undoubtedly the question con- fronting you is one which a good many girls are asking this spring, and so I am glad to take it from the space which we have used for our Readers Own Column, and give it first place this week. In the first place let me congrat- ulate you on your decision to have , a simple dress inasmuch as you are , to make it yourself and cannot afford an expensive one. Really the ideal » wedding gown of all generations has been simply made, no matter how ex- ] pensive the material of which it was fashioned. That is the reason it has ' been possible for girls today to re- model and wear their mother’s wed- ding gowns. As to color—in my opinion there is no choice. White is for the bride and always has been. No matter whether you are dark or light, white is universally becoming, universally worn and it is such a sensible thing to have inasmuch as it can later serve the purpose of a fine summer dress, if it is simply made and will not look “bridey” six months from now. The material is greatly a matter of choice and the limit is fixed only by the amount you wish to spend. White satins are only for those who can spend a large amount and have a dress which they will wear only perhaps a half dozen times in their life time. If you wish silks, there are lovely white wash silks, the ma- terial of which is so lovely that they need no trim. Then _of course there are the Georgettes, which aretrim- med only with a simple design in pearl beads. If not made elaborate-' ly and carefully handled a dress such as this can be tubbed. However if you would have something appro- priate, lovely and yet inexpensive, why don't you choose mull or or- gandie, both of which materials are girlish and lend themselves to the part very readily. 'You did not give me your weight nor your height, and as this has ev- erything to do with the style _ you will choose for your ‘wedding dress pattern, I really cannot advise you or print a pattern which would suit your particular style. If you are inclined to be at all stout, the slim line can be attained through the judi- cious use of the long panel, but be sure and do not have any ruffles. On the other hand if tall and slim, you could have the skirt made cf two or three deep ruffles on the short overskirt can be used. Then again there is the neck line. A round neck is unbecoming to one with a long slim neck unless a roll collar is fitted so that it breaks the line in the back. The front can be cut as low as you wish if you use the roll collar half way around. If you have a short fat neck, the round or dutch necks will be becoming. I find that you" did not 'give me your address on your letter sell cannot write you per- sonally. - ty_of mashed po- A headset Edited by - MABEL ham)" Flowers are worn to fasten the veil in place, but inasmuch as you do not intend to wear a veil, I would not » wear flowers in my hair. Rather 1' would depend on carrying a pretty shower boquet. June is the month of roses and you will be able to se‘ A success; Ienjoy the woman's page and findit very helpful._ Saw your article on ‘housec aning and I have a hint I would be glad to pass on: If those wishing to run a curtain rod in the hem of a curtain will wind the end of the rod with thin white cloth Attractive farm home of Mr. and Mrs. J. Burlington. Rushton. Mich. and tie this on with thread, it will run inatg the curtain much more eas- cure from friends lovely roses and if you can secure some lilies of the. valley for the ends of the shower ribbons, you will have a boquet of which there is no finer. For supper refreshmefi'ts I would suggest creamed chicken in pastry shells which can be made at home by using gem tins and lining them with pie crust, baking it as you would the shells for tar‘ts. This will serve the purpose juét as well as the ex- pensive pastry shells. Serve hot but- tered rolls with this and celery and olives or tiny little cucumber pickles. It is not at all necessary to have po- tatoes at your wedding supper, but ily an also save tearing the curtain material.-—-Mrs. C. E. H. Dear Miss Ladd—My niece grad- uates next month. She lives in Grand Rapids and I do not know her likes and dislikes very well, but want to send her some nice little gift. Can you suggest somethin‘g‘I—Mrs. A. L. Dear Mrs. L—Why not a book? Every girl graduate is fond of good books. They have learned the value of them, and there is a certain pride in the accumulation of one's own library. Any one of the stories by if your guests Mary Roberts . have driven some . Rinehart are in- distance and your WEEKLY CHEER teresting to a wish to _ have girl. They are them, I would It's :hewsozn’g ye sing .and the smile wen told and suggest that you prepare a quant-i- where. tatoes bet 0 r e- Thnt's a-mnkin' the sun shine every- James Whitcomb Riley, will be sure to please. However, if the family of _hand and make the lovely brown potato patties. A salad is also nice to serve with this sort of a supper. You can have fruit salad or cabbage salad. It is too early for tomatoes or they would make the ideal salad to serve with such a supper, using a small firm one for each person, scooping out the in- side and filling it with chopped cel- ery mixed with mayonnaise, and placing the tomato on a lettuce leaf. Then of Course you will want ice cream—home made if possible as it I Will be so much richer and better, and your bridal cake and coffee. OUR READERS’ OWN COLUMN Dear Editor Woman’s Department. —We appreciate the efferts of the M. B. F. and wish you all manner of your sister does ‘ not happen to possess a set of Mark Twain’s works, any one of his books, in a good binding makes a book which can be used to start a set and is one of the very nicest gifts that can be made. From time to time an addi- tional volume can be added in the same binding and this makes a pres- ent which is vain-able because books of this character can be read again and again while the popular fiction has served its purpose with one reading. It would be well to consult with your sister—41nd out what kind of reading the niece likes best—and then be guided by this in your choice of a book. It gives the editor of this page a great deal of satisfaction to receive letters such as came last week in People By M arguerife Wilson, Sometimes when I am happy and at rest, I think I like all kinds of people best; Even the shallow, round-eyed gossips give A little zest to life. So let them live 1 Just to be near my kind and hear them talk Seems very good to me. Oh, dearer: far The racket on the streets where people walk Than all the prelrie's quiet spaces are. But when I think“more keenly, I confess, There are a few that I like somewhat less Then others; those who smugly speak to me With minds elusive us crabs upon the rocks. Who reach limp fingers out too languidiy \Vhen they shnke hands; whose kindness only mock ' ' ; I hope that they may prosper in some good way And find them friends according to their needs. Die, without doing much harm, some quiet day, And reach the heavens of their several creeds. 3. But I like people who can make thingsgrow, \Vhose hands are wise to move the quickened earth . ' _ . In spring, so that the new vine-tendrils'know An easier grace and n more confident mirth, I like the makers of a thousand'thingsLL, Of music. magic of .words, or mighty wings That cut the winds us they go droning through The wondering deeps of the defiant blue, And always I cum find out {much of or people .who I think I‘D , . ‘ knew. how to lhn‘ndle wiggle there is some merit of heart or head , _ , ' ‘ In any erson who can make good bread, The length or the skirt 1- at: at. streamers-=2... . e , ’ nine inches from the floor, «I. I, no "mu mum, to I..ka mmde but Dame Fashion is so y u tehave a very deep hem in “so that this length ' Vie changed later." ,y . Daily with flour, the body and the mind." I like ilrln health that nev And by I quick meant. , comes by vein-nee, handshake, and , n greeting. I like men with And busy women, ample an Guarding the little children t gr igniting their homes houses 0 Dem) ' Where w a The rent! ‘ wings: in The Independent A sudden glint of hardness in the glance, And slow thought spoken out of strong content. I like an athlete as I like a tree, And both no very beautiful to me. the mannersJ-‘f great kings mother-1y, , who are unhioth‘ered and forlorn j Mellow old autocrats to ,whom the’yenrs Have'given‘w‘isd'om‘, and young pioneers Who lay rough‘ hands upon a living truth 2nd hold it with thepassion or their youth. And every questioner, and 'every sage-— i All those. have respect I would give thanks for eli Since .I have been. poor ’ and sl . wholeheartedly . their hr mountings“, tannin u. it‘lsgsom :hosnely. siege ’ _ - ‘6 it cures l - , 4 .ntsn.. “ '- A express, ey have borne of refuge, tree nd» those who can in grey through middle-age, . gut-x” ans.“ 5.: ck words" 4 which. the writer,. from Gladwin county, enclosed a' picture of her newly completed home and ,_ asked that we assist her in choosing“ the best kind of plants, trees and shrubs to beautify the grounds. It. tells us us that the little articles we prepare from week .to week meet with’ap- proval and are the sort .of articles . which are interesting and useful. , NOTICE: Will Mrs. Homer Henny please send me her correct. address. This was not placed on the‘ back of the baby ' picture submitted and we are anxious to return the picture of her child. THE INNATE LOVE OF HOME 0 MATTER how happy we may be elsewhere, “home is conCen- ' ‘ trated in one tiny place, and there is that in us which makes it impossible to scramble our affections all over the globe. We have to.roll them up, when the final test comes, to one doorway, one little room; somewhere. It may be in Utah or Texas, Maine or Georgia, California or Connecticut. Not that we love the rest of “the world less, but that we love one little spot more. We love humanity, but not to the ex- tent that we love our very own. And that concentrated love is what makes ’civic pride. And it makes marri- age possible, and fatherhood and motherhood. If we scatter our emo- tional citality too much we will find ourselves strangely lacking in real friends. For We are but human; and one country, one flag, and one ’ little town, if we are made of the right stuff, mean more to us than any other. KEEP LAMPS SHINING BRIGHTLY GOOD many industrious and cleanly disposed housewivu lik‘e Aladdin of old, believe in rubbing their metal/lamps. Aladdin got what he wished for when he rubbed his glim producer, but the housewife generally gets, in the course of time, what she doesn't want; namely, a shabby appearing lamp, for it doesn’t take long to rub the lacquer off metal. Lamps wouldn’t be permitted to remain shabby very long if house- keepers knew how simple a process it is to re-lacquer or re-enamel them. Paint dealers, druggists and dealers in plumbing supplies sell the lac- quers and enamels in small quantity containers. Directions for applying usually come with them. If desired it is possible to make a lamp look like a new one. For in- stance, a plain brass lamp may be enameled in white or ivory . by using the proper under- coating. Other preferred ef- fects‘are as easily obtain-' able. So while Aladdin could get something with _ his lamp that the women of : the present day cannot get. they may console themselv- es by the thought that they gllnl all 1h?! littleworlds oftffimmoxln‘ thinkgl;,dll . can- do ‘ things With their ' row umorous men, s uic to uses 3 . ' v With dream they laugh at, Haber than ’ lamps that he couldn t do’ RENEW WINDOW SHADES K _ . ,INDOW. shades that . i have deteriorated can . r ' be made to look almOst as good as new‘at small cost , and with little trouble. Go to a paint storeand buy a can of ordinary flat wall ‘_ paints Reduce it by adding . - ,; iwen-ty-iiv‘e per ' cent .of tur- ‘ would ,bles, . . ‘ - i ~ . ,4 The sick :poo;"with=every_xgentlenésjs. S ‘J r. . 3 Pentinfi- 3911.30” the' 0‘1” ~ £22.: "trams sci-artist... J tith "‘°“"°“°“‘ W“ 13,32“:*r&-,gth,,ggpéwe«mg; ,,; “$31133” “3°9ia‘iei’i‘ai 'Lon‘ely “circuitous; «seam‘ '~‘ ; Wieliiflyone ocaibf‘the paint," Their smithl Fla “10 ."PW‘ "‘ *Wsilmndm .. ,1 are .-‘eliminste""‘brush- marks 7 'n as the n~ _. i " ‘ a ' 5°. We." it..-imsedmeltfitr F‘" fist: men mob egg; 3%.: 1n. «3'? ~ aidry’