w An lfidepEddcnt Farmer’s Week-1y Owned and“ Edited in M'chigap Vol. VII, No. 45. ' ~MT, CLEMENS, SATURDAY, JULY 17, 1 0 $1 PER YEAR flillllllllllllllllllllII||IIIIIillIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIllHflllllIII||||l|IlllllII|IIllIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII"IlllllIllll|l|||||llIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHII|I|”llllllllllllllll||IllIIIllIlll|llllll|IIIIIIllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllllllllllIIIIIIIII|||IIHII||IJIII||Ill||Illllllllll||Ill|IllIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIE I A IllIlllllllllllIll|IIIIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllIlllllllllllllllflllllllllllll'lfll ~. .. flflfllfllflflllfllflllflfllflflllfllflflflflllfllflllflflflllllmfllllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllfllfllfllfllllflllllfllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllll . I V . ‘-._W_W ._——— . I 1 Helping Dad‘ Solve the Farm Labor Problem d Wmmmmuuummmummmmmmmmmnnhummus!“muummmmmmmaximummmnmnummnmnnmmnmummmmmnmmmImmmummlmmmmumug' ' sh'ugé—‘Whatpfl'théjfiufiié‘ofthe mainmgrkgm—umbsmg «Hand-Men Whg' su‘v. the Farmgro. 1 ' —- _ _— .- —— —— === __ , .— _— — _— .——- = — —— = = .— .——— — — — .— — _ —-—— ._.— _— —— __ _ .—.— — -—— — .—— —— = .— — _. = — = — _ _ .— —— ...._... _..— .— — ._.._. — —— _ —. — — _— ..— — _ _ — — _. __ __ — _ —— — _ _ _— __ — .— — _ —. —_ — _ _—. — —_ —. — — _ — — — .— — _ .——- .— —. — _ _ _ _— _ .— —— _— .— — .— —_ .— .— ._._. .— — —— — — _ __ —_ .— __ —_ _— —— — .— — — —_ _ — _ — —_ —_ h— —— — .— ....— — __ _ —— _. _. —— _— —. _— _._._ .— _— — —— — —— .— _ — _— — _— __ _— _. _—. _— .— ——n-— .— .— _— _— .— _— —— — ._.— —— _ — —— _. — .—— .— ——- -——— — __ ——.— —— —— .— — _— _— — _— — _— .— _— _— ...— —— _— —— _— __— .— _— —— .— —- _— .— .— _— _. —— — _— —— .— _— _- = .__n — — = — _— —— _ —- —— = —— _— E _...-. _— ...— —— _— _— —— — —— .— —— .— .— __ .—-. _— — .— = = .__— —— . .— —— = _— .— -— —— .— _— — _ = .— = _— .— E '9 ISM" ' .1 '» CO-OPERATIVE GRAIN ELEVATOR , COMPANIES 'In the United States there are - some 14,000 co-operative marketing * associations. To many of them, the ‘ Bureau of Markets, United States Department of Agriculture ,has given valuable assistance by furnishing specimen copies of'by-laws and by indicating proper methods of organ- ization and administration. . “The Organization of Co-operative ' Grain Elevator Companies" is the title of Bulletin No. 860 just issued . ,by' the United states Department. or. ‘ ‘Agricnlture upon this subject.‘ The bulletin is addressed to those who desire assistance in the formation of (to—operative grain- elevators, but the subject- matter is treated in amen- ner that makes the bulletin of in- terest to those engaged in other lines of co-operative endeavor as Well. The scope of the pamphlet is -limited to matters regarded as fund- amental and general, and it is in- tended that the suggestiqns and rec— ommendations be considered with references to and in connection with special co-operative laws and the laws governing corporations in each of. the several states of the Union. The bulletin points out that the success of any organization, whether co-operative or for private profit, rests upon‘ social or economic need; a sound organization plan, and effi- cient management. It then details the various factors that produce these basic conditions. It dwells upon the organization of joint stock compan- ies, private corporations of the cap- ital stock form and co-operative as, sociations incorporated under special co-operative law, the three common forms of organization of farmers' el- evator enterprises in the United States. Under the chapter of preliminary“ _ survey, matters of local conditions, prospective membership, capital, val- ume of business, and methods of sur- vey are covered. Then the processes of actual organization are discussed and a suggested form of y-laws given. The bulletin also contains some general suggestions regarding the selection of the plant, the choice of directors and a manager, a mainten— ance agreement, emergency capital and speculative tendencies. The ap— pendix gives detailed forms to cover every phase of the administration of the organization from a capital stock subscription contract to a form of stock certificate, and service and maintenance agreement. The pamphlet has been Written by experts in matters of co—operative as- sociations. It is the composite re- sult of aetual experience and should prove of valuable assistance to those interested in co-operative market~ ing. The bulletin may be had upon request of the United States Depart— ment of Agr'l., Washington, D. C. C. HIDE AND MULE STOCKS ACCUMULATE Heavy accumulations of raw stocks of hides and skins are reported to the United States Department of Agri- culture by 1,094 packers, dealers, importers and tanners, May 31, 1920, as compared with the stocks reported by 1,111 concerns April 30, 1920, and 1,266 concerns May 31, 1919. The May holdings show percent- age increases over those of April as follows: Calf skins 19.8 Iiip Skin! oeueooooIdIOOIOIC. 10.5 Horse hides .............‘... 22.5 Horse fronts (whole) Horse butts (pairs) ......... 8.! Horse shanks ..............160.4~ Mule hides . ...... ”X”... 40.2 , Colt, ass, donkey, pony .. . . . . 8.3 ., Deer and elk skins ......... 5.2 . Kid skins ................. 404.3 Cabretta ............. . . . 15.7 pSheepandlambskine .8 V . . ‘ Buffalo skins .............. 91.6 ‘ «Pig ‘ Skins (strips) ........ .- . 4.5 lligflm'mkoeesrcoewe-eo 2.2 0...... 18.6, 11,9739?!“ declines in only four. , items as follows: Cattle hides, 4 per cent; kangaroo and wallaby skins, "17.9 per centpgoats skins, 3.7'per (1)1608!) 39;? cent; and pig skins, per cent. ' . As compared with the holdings May 31, 1919, the summary shows percentage increases as follows: Cattle hides ...... . . ..... ' 28.1 CE" SklnB‘.......osc...n..12.7 Horse hides ..............205.5 Kip . skins .. . ........... . . 138.9 Horse fronts (whole) ...... 132.6 Horse» but-ts (pairs). . . . . . . 146.6 Bom'M'2e‘eeeo.oeeeeoee 7‘o3 Mule hides, ................ 956.3 Colt,‘ ass, don‘key, pony . . . .119.8 Kangaroo and. wallaby . . . . . . 12.8 Cabretta ........... . . . . . . .. 10.2 Sheep and lambs 1117‘ Buffalo ...... .......'......207.0 Pig skins (strips) .v. . . . . . . . 21.6 Alligator skins ..... . . . . .3,.4’15.3 The decreases. were as follows: Deer and elk skins, 30.3 per cent; goats skins, 6.6 per cent; kid skins, 36.5 per cent; and pig skins, (pieces) 40.7 per cent. . The percentage distribution of the total stocks of hides and skins amoug the various branches of the trade on May 31, 1920,‘was as follows: Tanners, 71 per cent; importers, 13 per cent; packers, 11.5 per cent; and dealers, 4.6 per cent. Cattle hides were distributed as follows: Tanners, 46 per cent: importers, 14 per cent; packers, 32 per cent; and dealers, 8 per cent. Calf skins: Tan- ners, 64.3 per cent; importers, 6.7 per cent; packers, 14.7; and dealers, 14.3 per cent. Sheep and lamb skins, Tanners, 65.7 per. cent; importers, 18.5 per cent; packers, 11.4 per cent; and dealers, 474 per cent. FILMS T0 INTRODUCE CATTLE " AND SWINE Introduction of American breeds of live stock and poultry into South America, particularly Argentina, is to be aided by the use of motion picture films prepared for this pur- pose by the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture. The films also will show American methods of breeding live stock and handling it in its many phases from the farm to the home stable. The Argentine government has shown special interest in the intro- duction of American methods of handling live stock, as it has, in- deed, in the agricultural practices of the northern half of the continent generally. As evidence of this the Argentine Embassy at Washington ' has already purchased 1'0 films on these subjects for educational use in its country. the department’s bulletins on agri- cultural questions translated into tSipi‘mish for distribution in Argen- no. ‘The Buenos "Aires & Pacific Rail- way has been another purchaser of films and still pictures for use among its system. Its representative in this country, Ricardo -Vide‘la., recently - called at the department in quest of. _ films showing the swine industry in the United. States. He was enthus— iastic over ’the opportunity of almost immediate success if efforts were con- centrated on the introduction .of Am-, erican swine into Argentine.» He Proposed that a film he prepared bye the department showing the swine industry in the United States, which could be used along the routes of the Buenos Aires & Pacific Railway. The Bureau of Animal Industry welcomed the suggestion and prep- arations are being made for filming the various interesting phases of the subject. It is planned to show im- portant swine breeding farms, the work in the big Chicago packing houses, and the preparation of the product for the table. Pictures will -.be made of the various types of Am- erican hogs, and an effort will be made to give some idea of the vast- ness of the industry in this country. MILK PRICE GOES TO 16 CENTS As partial compensation ‘to the milk producers who have been sell- ing milk the last three months for less than cost of production the Milk Commission last week increased the price to 16 cents per quart restoring the former price to the farmer of $4.05 lees deductions for surplus. The price will undoubtedly remain- here until the consumer or the press goes on another verbal raid against the high cost of living when it may take a drop. Approximately one- half of the sixteen cents goes to the distributor. , AMERICAN. HAMPSHIRE SHEEP ASS'N ADOPT NEW INDUSTRY The American Hampshire Sheep Association has recently adopted an advanced registry. An animal to be eligible to this advanced must be a first prize winner and have two direct progenitors who are first prize winners at some fair or expo- sition where this Association offers special prizes. . What Helps the Farmer Most? HAT EXTENSION agency is‘ most helpful to the farmer? - Among 2,300 farmers of whom that question was asked, 38 per cent said that they received most help from the county agent and the farm bureau. The agricultural press was given first place by 31 per cent. Three per cent of the farmers inter- viewed said they received most help from farmers’ organisations other than the farm bureau and 3 per: cent said they received most help from bulletins and agricultural re- ports. Twenty—two per cent had no definite opinion as to which agency was most helpful to them. Bought Views of I'm These opinions were gathered in a survey made by omcial's of , the States Relations Service, United States Department of Agriculture, in a number of northern and western states. The purpose of the survey was to get the viewpoint of the farmers themselves as to the rela- tive emcieacy of various phases ed agricultural extension work and to learn the outstanding problems of rural districts as viewed by the farm- er of those districtb. ‘ - An indication of the efllciency of farm bureau work is Sound by son- trasting the replies in states where the farm bureau is assailed and in these when it Is not. In the team; er, as per canto!” the farmers inter? . a. viewed placed the county agent and farm bureau first among the agencies that are of service to them, and only 18 per cent placed the agricultural press first. In states that have no ,farm bureaus, 26 per cent placed the county agent first and 39 per cent \ placed the agricultural press first. labor the Biggest Problem One of the questions asked was, ' “What is the biggest problem of farmers in your community today?" The farmers who answered this ques- tion were divided as follows: labor, 682; improved farm practices, 687: marketing, 309: better organisation of farmers, 55; financial assistance, 21; reads, 14; repeal of daylight sav- ing law, 3; schools, 1. r or the farmers visited, two out of every three were ”anointed with the county agent and his wor . .and 90 per cent of.) them were laverable to it. one tarmac out of every three was receiving the bulletins o! the United sum Department of Agri- culture and two out at every five the bulletins at thegfitate college's! agri- culture. Feur farm families out of every five were taking both a daily and an agricultural paper, and one out of every two a. magazine. usually a women’s alum . . in every threevisitsdeas‘a member of the, farm bureau and four was s- is! some no news» - w It has frequently had; registry . mercury .. rjn ' ; ammo 11“ “A $//‘ ' ‘ 1,13"? .-.,. - snoa'rnomv anemones PICNIC _ Early in tho'morning of June 25, there were unusual signs of activity‘ at the Geo. Heimforth Resort on ‘ Lake Leelanau, Leelanau County, the occasion being the second annual meeting of the Northwestern Michi- gan Sher-thorn Breeders'. Aesocia: tion, and incidentally to help Mr. Heimforth celebrate his 49th birth- day. . ' ' . - ‘ The day'~was ideal, long tables had . been constructed in the grove in an- ticipation- or the his not lock dim: ner. In addition to the many filledbaskets brought by the picnic-*- ers, the host ushered in an eighty pound lamb roasted adds-barbecue style. Next came the presentation of the mammothpbirthday cake with its 49 candles by Professor Edwards. For the next hour the near three hundred guests did their best to clean up on the eats-but Were unable to reach the goal. , Toastmaster Fred Smith of Elk Rapids, then introduced several lo- cal speakers. Mr. Thomas Read, speaker of the House of Represents;- tives was next introduced followed by Professor Edwards of M. A. O. (the Shorthorn Breeders' friend) and speaker of the day. In his talk Mr. Edwards made a strong appeal to breeders to rally to the support of the Michigan State Shorthorn Breed- ers’ Association that they might be of greater/service to the Shorthorn Breeding fraternity of Michigan. Following the speaking a short business session was held the fol- lowing otiicers being re-elected for another year: J. W. Zimmerman, Traverse City, Mich., president; Geo. Arnold, Bates, vice—president, and R. F. Zimmerman, Traverse City, Secretary-Treasurer. . In conclusion a rising vote at thanks ' was tendered Mn. Helm-forth, and it was voted unanimously to ao- cept Mr. Heimfort-h’s invitation for the next annual meeting to be on the same date sit the same place. Mr. Heimforth Sr. and Jr. are two of the livest 'Shorthorn enthusiasts in Michigan and .we predict it will not be long until Valley View Farm Shorthorns will be known far and wider-Gourmand. ESTIMATE 0F WHEAT YIELD The Bureau of Crop Estimates re- ports the estimated yield of wheat in the United States as 780 million bushels which is 60 million bushels less than was produced in 1919 and 40 millions less than in 1918, but nearly 600 million bushels more than the average from 1909 to 1913. Can- ada’s acreage and yield is reported to be slightly less than last year. The Argentine reports an estimated yield of 212 million or almost exactly the same as was produced last year. In _ .France the acreage of wheat this year is 12 million acres or an increase of less than 600,000 acres over 1919. In British India the estimated pro- duction for this year exceeds that of last, year by about 100 million bush- ‘ sin, but the estimate for Australia shows almost a 59 per cent decreaset The Bureau has no omcial figures on the estimated production in other» im- portant ‘ wheat growing coun- tries. Russia and Germany may or may not have a large production in prospect. A safe guess is that they have not, so taking in all the known facts and figures and those we can safely surmise £311.80 crop of wheat will hem loo than the 1.919 ; crop. . ‘ . Canadian production of cats will be slightly in excess- of last year's yield. > There is a reduction of 1‘;- 000 acres planted to potatoes in. the to trainees that " 75': w 31"" AVE OUR readers tried to an- alyze the fluctuations that have been so marked in the grain markets the past fortnight and to ex-‘~' plain why the wheat market, for in- stance, after months of- persistent climbing. should all of a sudden be— come shaky with a tendency to tumble? We have watched this mar- ket carefully for thirty days and must confess to a certain bewilder- ment over its antics. With the en- tire world short of wheat and the United States producing at the very best a million bushels. less than in 1919 there has not until recently seemedany very good reasons for a drop in price, at least so many weeks previous to the crest of the 1920 movement. By far the most important factor which must be reckoned with ‘as af- fecting futureprices on grain is transportation. In times past the nation has been confronted with a car shortage which has hampered business more or less, but you can ,take it from us and a good many oth— ers who have looked into the situa- tion that any car shortage which has faced this country in previous years would look like a surplus compared to theshcrtage which now exists and is certainly to become much worse as the crops are harvested and made ready for shipment. Arm in arm with transportation goes another mis- chief maker, the financial situation. Both are boon companions. Both are as certain to kick the props out from under the grain markets as day- light is to follow dusk. One hundred, 'million dollars are tied up by Kansas farmers and ele— vator men in last year's wheat crop. That is to say nothing of a. some- what similar situation prevailing in other states. . The crop has not been 'put upon the market simply because there have been no cars to move it. There is urgent demand for the money represented in those crops. A lot of it was loaned by the federal land banks. ‘More of it was loaned by local banks against their own deposits. All banks are calling in loans to meet the inevitable demand for financing the harvesting of the 1920 crops. This means that just the minute cars are supplied enor— mous crops of grain are to be moved In the meantime part of the 1920 crop will have found its way to the markets and will tide the mar- ' kets over for the next sixty or ninety days in which time it certain that the What Of the Future of the Grain Markets? Do Factors of Transportation, Credit, Demand and Supply F oretell Lower Prices \ for the Next Few Months? Europe for Am- erican grain? It is safe to say that much more grain is needed in Europe than will be im- ported next winter. All European countries are making a desperate ef- fort to curtail their importations to 1—7 1 What av Grain Trade Paper has it; Say About Future Grain Prices pose to any: price. which will follow in |92|. if he'bulle the market. money is in sight. ,ln order to emphasize our belief in lower cereal prices all along the line for thin Fall. after the temporary European demand has been satisfied. we are using this entire For the Long Pull after August We are Decidedly Bearish “ on . ' CEREALS The present range of prices is largely transportation made. There is nothing in the fundamental situation, as we see it now. which can hold prices anywhere nearthc present range of values. We repeat,—~the‘financisl situation alone justifies a belief in much lower prices. ‘ European demand by September let; grain will begin to pile up "in the country. There is no hope that present prices will be maintained. » Therefore, farmers. if you can possibly hold your grain, do so. and enjoy high Therefore, grain buyers; bear in mind that the tendency of prices is downward and buy cautiously, conservatively. and at a profit. Better do no business than to buy at a loss. Simply insist upon a good margin and keep all the cash on hand you can possibly raise. —4. Ralph Pickell in Rosembaum Review. There will be a decided slump in the Let your competitor have the grain Ten per cent majority of the old crop will be mov- ed. And when it moves prices are certain to move with it,-—-downward.. It is in anticipation of such a com dition that the demand is slackening for grain as no grain dealer wishes y to pay higher prices now than he can secure thirty or sixty days from now. , Now what about the demand in the smallest possible fraction. Acre- age in all those countries are just about normal and we gather from such meagre information as is avail- able that the condition of the grain crops is excellent. Europe’s estimated imports for the 1920—21 season are placed a little above 500 million bushels. North America’s estimated exportable sur— plus is around 400 million bushels. Australia and the Argentine will havo grain to export, so that it appeal's' ' that if anything the exportable sur- plus is a little short of the import re- quirements. Now none of the Eur- opean countries will do any import- ing to speak of until they are oblige ed. They will defer their purchases until all their crops are harvested and they have found out how much each of them can supply the other with respective cereals. For a time consequently European purchases in this country are likely to be meagre and inasmuch as it has been the European demand which has been the big price factor the p-ast several years it is fair to assume that the lack of that demand for a period of » time will also be a determining price factor. _ The warning and the chart publish- ed on this page are taken from the Rosenbaum Review of Chicago, the editor and publisher of which is J. Ralph Pickell, a man of wonderful ability, foresight and judgment. We would characterize Pickell as the best crop and market analyst of the day. He has special sources of ‘ informa— tion on the world economic condi- tions and shows rare intelligence in interpreting this information with respect to its effect upon future prices. Note carefuuy his warning to both producers and members of the grain tYade. Note that he urges the farmers to hold their grain if they can. Note that he warns deal- ers against too heavy purchases or purchases at too high a price. "Buy cautiously, conservatively and at a. profit" is his admonition. It goes without saying that the mat-- jority of dealers will follow this ad- 9 vice. And in so doing they will help to make the market prices the next few months. Except in rare cases the dealers will anticipate a lower market rather than a higher one, and the farmer who must sell upon a declining market will be the ' ‘ suffered. Therefore, Mr. Farmer take the advice of Mr. Pickell and THE BusmEss FARMER and unless it is absolutely necessary to sell your , crops direct from the threshing do not do so. flul L‘iii riaiiziziirliilssziziii 5331; of the Wham Mow. ‘ w. ' , : 1 v . IQli‘ l1l ii—I iiifimamid' It all“ the trend of grain srlus since Jam. 1914. the dotted line being the course which the editor of tho Resin—J. /?2/ . ,mo . iiisia- ii‘ii ~ 3 fl? \ on the application of the 0R SEVERAL weeks the Inter- Fetate Commerce Commission has been conducting public hearings railroads for an increase of 27.85 per cent in freight rates in order to net them the 6 per cent income guaranteed to. them under the Cummins law. Un- til very recently most of the argu- mefits of the railroad companies have gone unrefuted, such individual ship- pers as have appeared before the Commission not having the essential facts to show that the roadscculd get along with a lower increase than they are asking for. It remained for Mr. Clifford Thorne, represent- ing the American Farm Bureau As- sociation, to make the Commission sit up and take notice when he pre- sented plain facts and figures based on calculations involving months of research, showing that the railroads were not entitled to an increase of nearly 28 per cent in freight rates. According to the Farm Bureau Federation Mr. Thorne’s statements showed: (1) That the railroad valuation on which the guaranteed 6 per cent returns are figured are tremendously overvalued—to the extent of several thousand million dollars. (2) That the present basis of in- come and expenditure is not a fair basis to figure future profits upon, and (3) That even on the present basis the calculations of the rail- roads allow for increased expendi- tures next year but do not allow for increased'business and revenue. Mr. Thorne showed——and support- ed with volumes of carefully tabu- lated figures—that on the basis of the figures submitted the railroads would need an increase of only 18 per cent instead of the proposed 27 per cent to pay the six per cent div- idends guaranteed under the new railroad law. Save Public Million Dollars a Day If successful in the contentions presented, this work of a corps of statisticians under Mr. Thorne’s di- rection and supported by the Amer- ican Farm Bureau Federation, to- gether with the several shippers' as- sociations handling livestock, grains, and other products, would be a ma- terial factor in saving the public in freight overcharges a sum amount- ing to approximately a million dol- lars a day. According to the figures presented, the railways would still be getting adequate returns to meet all maintenance and operating expenses and to pay six per cent dividends. Agitation Started by Farmers’ ”National Canned Gets AW Bachihgi'of Farm i red Such a method M “.1” , and Other Farm Organizations portation of the nation. tati on Farmers and the Railroads HO COULD POSSIBLY be more interested in cheap and emcient Wtransportation than the farmer? Of all classes of poople his freight bill is the largest, and of all classes of people he is in- convenienced most and caused the greatest loss when transportation is demoralized and tariffs are high. We used to believe that production was of prime importance in the business of farming. Then we came to the point where we believed marketing was of superior importance. But since our sorry experience with the railroads the’ past five years we‘ have reached the conclusion that transportation transcends all other- ccnsiderations, andthat no business can thrive or even long endure that does not have ready and reasonably cheap access to the markets of the worldand the sources of the raw material. Transportation, as amat- ter of fact, goes hand in hand with marketing, and now that the farm- er and his organizations are giving such close attention to this end of the business they will be forced to take a larger interest in the trans- The accompanying article is a clear, concise and authentic statement of fact relative to the future cost of transpm- Unless the farmers of the nation are on their guard the rail- roads are going to get an increase in freight rates that will be keenly felt by every farmer in the country. Farm organizations and individ- ual shippers as well should be on their toes every minute to protect their pocket book from undue demands on the part of the selfish in- terests that control the railroads. —Editor. I Mr. Thorne’s briefed, statement follows in part: In Re Proposed Increased Rates “In this proceeding the railroads of the United States are asking for an increase in freight rates which will produce $1,017,776.99!) annual- ly. This is the first billion dollar case ever tried before the Commis- sion, or before any other tribunal. At this moment railroad labor is de- manding a billion dollar increase in wages. It is distinctly understood that the rate advance in this case will not care for any portion of the increase that may be necessary be- cause of wage advances ordered by the Labor Board; that will be fol- lowed by another freight advance, as a matter of course. “During the past three years the total annual interest charge on the public debt of the United States gov- ernment has increased from $23,- 000,000 to 91.053.000.000. “If. the railroad stockholders and bondholders, as well as railroad la- bor, are successful in all their de- mands presented at this time, the in- creased transportation burden'on our people will be twice as large as the total annual tax burden o‘ccasioned by the greatest war debt in our his- tory. “The issue in this case is not whether an advance in rates should be granted; but the issue is how much of an increase is justified. All of those for whom I speak Want to see the railroads self-sustaining. The public interest demands an adequate transportation service. Service is of first importance; but the charge for that service is also of importance; and the economic effect on our com- mercial life of such stupendous in- creases in the transportation tax as are here contemplated must be ser-' iously considered. “Those whom I represent are ab- solutely united on the proposition that whatever advance is granted should not be excessive in amount; and that, for this purpose, a check of the railroad figures is justified. Value of the Railroads “The basis for all the computa- tions of the railroads in this case is their so-called property investment account, which they claim repre- sents the value of their properties. This aggregates for the United States $20,616,573,399. That represents the “book value” of American rail- roads, and in no sense constitutes the actual investment. I believe that the facts which we shall offer will dem- onstrate that this amount is excess- ive by several thousand million dol-. lars. “The carriers have failed to make any allowance for depreciation. They have assumed that all their cars and locomotives, and rails, and ties to- day are brand new, right out of the Hark Back to the Landing of the Pilgrim Fathers, By BERTRAND BROWN N NOVEMBER, 11, 1620, in the cabin of the Mayflower, a tiny bark lying 011 the Massachus- etts coats, a little band of liberty-lov- ing men, from “Brittania,” entered into what history has styled the Mayflower Compact. This agree- ment bound the 41 adult males in the ship’s company into a civil body politic for the better ordering, pre- serving and furthering of their mu- tual ends. And it provided for such just and equal laws and offices as should be necessary for the general goodof the colony. Ten days later, so records Dr. Charles W. Eliot’s inscription on the Pilgrim Memorial Monument at Prov- incetown, Mass., “the Mayflower car- , rying 102 passengers, men and wo- men and children, cast anchor in this harbor 67 days from Plymouth, England. “This body politic, established and maintained on this bleak and barren edge of a vast wilderness, a state without a king or a noble, a church without a bishop or a priest, a dem- ocratié commonwealth, the members ' of which were straightly tied-to all care of each other's good, and of the whole by every one. “With long-suffering devotion and " sober resolution they illustrated for ,. the first time- in history the principles Feivil and religious liberty and the practice of a genuine democracy." Meantime, uninformed of the Pil- grims; fellow-colonists of Captain John Smith had met at “James City" (Jamestown,) Virginia for the first American Legislative Assembly. On July 30, 1619, they had thus broken ground ‘for the foundation of the present democratic form of govern- ment in the United States. This year (in 1920) these events are being commem- orated in the Unit- ed States, in Eng- land and in Holland. In August, the cr- igin of the Pilgrim movement will be celebrated in Eng- land. And early in September, meet- ings will be held in Holland in memory of the Pilgrims’ so- journ in that ~country.. , In September a “second May- flower” will set which these an- sail from South- rt “M b 1. o r ”Wm {casters e’stablish—- ' hampton. En s- “'0 m Wv "W ", . Jed—Tana which land to follow “"5“ ‘3.."‘"a’:““"’.':‘33n’ m” "3" "v ‘ {their sons, that ' to the American Mm shore the path , In! the taken by the original Mayflower. (But this second Mayflower will be modern, and therefore much more seawcrthy than her smaller pred- ecessor.) . This boat, carrying many promin- ent people in England, Holland and the United States, will anchor in Provincetown Harbor in late‘ Sep- tember. Its arrival will perhaps mark the crowning dramatic episo e or the entire Tercentenary celebra- tions. These events will not be celebrat- ed in the United States by the cits izens of .Massachusettsand Vir- ginia alone. Nor solely by the New England and the South Atlantic States. Communities throug h- out America are plan- ,ning to take this op- portunity to review v p the “foimdati o n ‘ upon which the United States re'sts',”--- and to those principles :shons , ed States. resemph a s i z e' is. unjust, and has been ilpeciticialwr repudiated by the Supreme Court of the" United States. .This single item of accrued depreciation for the rail- roads in this case amounts to $995, -\ 384, 881. Unquestionably this sum should be deducted from the base figure purporting to represent the value of the railroad properties. Market or Commercial Value “A rather interesting figure offer- ed of record is the present market value of all the railroads in the Unit:‘ We have used the market quotations of all securities quoted, and the par value of those not quot- ed. “The computations more cover them 90 per cent of all the securities outstanding in the hands of the pub- lic and the ratio thereby secured has been applied to the balance. In this manner we have estimated that the present market value of the Ameri- can railroads is approximately $12, - 200, 000, 000. Contrast this with the value demanded by the railroads in this case aggregating $20, 600, 000, - 000. They desire to add $8,000,- 000, 000. Par Value of Railroad Securities “The par value of all railroad cap- ital outstanding in the hands of the public December 31,1916,‘was $16, - 332, 578, 328. We have written to the companies handling over 95 per cent of the traflic in the United States and find a very small relative amount of securities issued since that date, the total outstanding as of the pres- ent time substantially less than $17,- 000,000,000. Contrast that figure with the $20,600,000,000 demanded as a basis by the railroads in this case. Bureau of Valuation Figures “A witness for the‘r-ailroads has introduced evidence of the reproduc- tion cost new, found by theVa-luation Bureau of the Interstate Commerce Commission for some fifty proper— ties. Again,the carriers have fail- ed to deduct accrued depreciation. “We will nee the term ‘present value’ as meaning the cost of repro-. duction new, less depreciation, of all property other than land, plus the present value of the land, used for carrier purposes. The present value of these properties which we were able to secure equals $2, 691, 949,- 667. This is equivalent to 83. 21 per cent of their sc-called property in- vestment. If this is typical for the country as a whole, the present value (Continued on page 9) 300 Years Ago sons have handed down to us through our form of representative govern- ment. America is appropriating, from na- tional and state treasuries, hundreds of thousands of dollars to be used in plans for the commemoratioh. One plan is to erect, overlodking Ply- mouth harbor, a colossal statue of Massasoit, the Indian chief who 11e— friended the Puritan pioneer other is to set the Plymouth Rock, which is 1741 was raised above the_ tide, in its original position. Seventy American cities, including New York, Chicago and Boston have started plans for their celebrations of the Tercentenary. The. Sulgrave Institution and the American May— flower Council have been active in 'co-ordinating these plans. Community Service (Incorporated) One Madison Avenue, .New York, has drawn up suggestions for’the use of communities planning to celebrate.- have been distributed for the use of schools, churches, clubs and general community groups throughout the United States and. her territories. By writing to Community Service at the ‘ An— . above address. individuals can so cure valuable intomaticnmn 60:19.". a a ti .'~ At. . , onpage 6 atom-,ApriZBrd issue of THE 'Bti‘smnss _Fsg‘nnn we published ,a photograph with the caption, “‘Fer- - tilizer increases Orchard Profits.” Several of our readers wrote us ask- ing .us for information regarding the mixing and applying the fertilizers so .we secured the services of Mr.‘ 0. M. _Baker, editor of the Division of Publications, Ohio Agricultural Ea- periment Station, to prepare this article. N 1908, F. H. 'Ballou; Assistant Horticulturist at the Ohio Exper- ’ iment Station was asked to see what he could do in rejuvenating the orchards in southern 0hio.x Many of the old orchards here had refused to bear even though 15 or 20 years oldand in fact had, never borne a crop of fruit or enough fruit to pay , any interest on their investment. ~ Ballou at once found out that it was necessary to begin a complete spraying program, which would des- troy many of the insects and .also keep fungous diseases in check, but even when this was done there seem- ed to be something lacking, for the trees refused to bear and feeling that the trees needed plant food, he be- gan to study the needs otorchards for fertilizers. As a rule most or- chards on the hilly ground of south- ern Ohio were covered with a heavy growth of poverty grass, broomsedge and other weeds, this being the first indication that the soil on which the apple trees were groWing ,was lack- ing in fertility. ,Natu lly on steep hillsides there was a ood deal of erosion and even in these old or- chards there were attempts at farm- ing, corn being grown between the rows o_f trees, which still further de- pleted the soil of plant food the trees ought to have had. With the idea of using commercial fertilizers, Ballou started out by making an application to each tree of 5 pounds of acid phosphate, 5 pounds nitrate of soda and 2 1-2 pounds muriate of potash. This worked out successfully, the nitrate of soda putting new growth into the roots of the trees and starting new shoots, while the acid phosphate was Some Pointers I would like to See an article on raising, and marketing cabbage in one issue in the near future—B. A. E. l ' ATE cabbage may be grown on quite a variety of soil. ‘ How- ev r the best results will be se- cured o a clay loam or sandy loam. A soil which does not hold moisture readily will not prove a very satis~ factory one for late cabbage. It is quite important that a-rotation be 'followed for the cabbage crop not only in order to provide against di— sease development but also to per-‘ mit the working into the soil of or:~ ganic matter through the plowing un- der of clover or other crops. Danish Baldhead or Holland . in one of the most common later vari— eties. The heads are nearly round, very hard and usually weigh from three to eight pounds each. This is a good storage variety. Flat Dutch, Succession, and Autumn King ' standard lat-e" varieties; Houser is one of the latest maturing varieties. Plants for the late crop are usually grown in the open ground. A- good garden soil with plenty of moisture is satisfactory for the seed bed. The location should be changed each sea- son. ‘ , One of the chief enemies of the cabbage plants is the m-agot. _It is not an easy matter to guard against" the attack of thisienemy. Sand; which . has been treated with a small amount of‘kerose'ne’ or turpentine scattered along the row at frequent'intervals . ,Will Keep the flies from depositing “eggs on the plants. The effectiveness . 4 ofthe method depends entirely upon ~ 31;: thoroughness With which" it‘_ is we ii. are ' .. 5“ 1' Ohio AsficulturalExpenmt Stahon Con B: ‘-. ductsua Successful Orchard Fertilization Test By C. M. BAKER ' ' and Agricultural phosphate per tree. / particularly valuable for growing grasses in the orchards. This was an important problem in order to prevent the hillsides from washing. One of the .most surprising things that come to Ballou was the fact that when nitrate of soda afi'd acid phos~ phate were placed in the above men- tioned amounts under these old ap- ple trees, a heavy growth of sweet clover, some timothy and other clov- ers at-once began to appear even though no seed was applied. Hence it was shown that these better grass- es were here in small amount and only needed some plant food in or— der to stimulate their growth. Thus it has been possible to grow a lot of grass in the orchards and to provide an excellent amount of mulch, where- as in some cases formerly it was nec- essary to haul straw into the orchard to provide a mulch. As' an example: an acre of 40 trees, 22 or 23 years from planting was reported by Mr. Ballou in connection with demonstra- tion work at this time. These trees after removal or thinning yielded on an average of 2,000 apples per tree, or a total of 1,430 bushels. The on Planting, Cultivating and Marketing Late Cabbage «Heavy gnu mulch produced by tortillzlnu trees wlth 5 pounds each of nitrate of soda and Experiment ”Station apples were Rome Beauty and con- stituted the second crop after the or— chard had been reclaimed from un- productiveness by fertilization and spraying. In all of these tests, where acid hosphate and nitrate of soda have een used to fertilize the trees, the poverty grass, weeds and broom sedge have been completely eradi- cated, simply by the competition of the better grasses and yields main- tained'at a cost of about 35 cents per tree. by Mr. Ballou gives an idea of the value of orchard cultivation: Fertilizer Experiments in Grass- Mulch Orchards “In a separate orchard large trees .wholly cared for by the grass-mulch method, experiments have been com— pleted in which a number of combin- ations of chemical plant food were used in comparison with no fertiliza- tion. Following is a summary of this series of fertilizer tests: The unfertilized or check plots pro- duced 36.7 barrels of apples per acre per year. . The plot annually fertilized with By C. W. WAID . Extension Specialist, Michigan Agricultural College has not been done sufficiently exten- sive as yet to warrant recommending it for general practice. Cabbage will prove most satisfact- cry on a soil that has been well ma- nured. In addition commercial fer- } ‘.‘. .. China gilt we ever owned,’ saved his type, Poland China. , . : :_sheep), registered, . . . . _ :,“By»=t.rrins it once you will be onloosfeed than’the grades»?! , Lady Banal-yard and Her Lusty Famlly , PURE BRED STOCK PAYS, SAYS Wm. DEAN , ADY DUSTER 8rd was the first pure blooded Big Type Poland writes Wm. Dean & Son, of lonia. county to the Business Farmer. eight. of them and we call her a good mother as well as a. real _ “Although wehhave had blooded stock but a short time, We have 'cometo one conclusion'amd that is this: that there is just as much dif- ference betweenpure bleed stock and grades as their is between No. 1 , seed oats and screening and certainly nofarmer would think of sow- ' .ing screening for ,seed,'so why not have mere funnel-s raising blooded stock or ,at least have the sire of what they raise (cattle, hogs or . “She farrowed nine pigs and satisfied that“ pays out very good The following description _on the formerly very thin, poor or- , Der acre per year, ‘market' there would not ne'edit preventing over production. the usual formula of 5 pounds sac of nitrate of soda and acid phosphn applied on a mulch of straw main .tained in circular form under Hm outer exteremeties of the branc of the trees produced an average dd? 117.4 barrels of apples per acre on, year. This was a gain of 80.7‘ b ' rels of apples per acre per year compared with the yield of the‘une'" fertilized plot. , The plot annually fertilized wit 2 1-2 pounds of nitrate of soda an , 5 pounds of acid phosphate per tr‘ ‘ per year, applied on a mulch of straw: produced 93.4 barrels of«apples per -acre per year. This represented a' gain of 56.7 barrels of fruit per acre. per year as compared with the un- fertilized yield and a loss of 24 bar— _. rels per acre per year in comparison with the plots fertilized with the 6-5 formula. . . The plot fertilized annually with 10 pounds of nitrate of soda and acid phosphate per tree, distributed even- ly over the three squares of ground, without a mulch of straw, gave an average of 118.1 barrels of apples 7 per acre per year for the 5-year per- iod, or a gain of 1 barrel per acre' per year for the double quantity of “all over" fertilization as compared with the 5—5 mulch formula. The gain of the 10-10 formula was 61.4 barrels per acre per year as compar- ed with no fertilization. The cost of the 5-5 and mulch, and the 10-10 “all over” schemes of fer- tilization with nitrate of soda and. acid phosphate, which gave so nearly the same results in fruit production, is practically the same. However, in special favor of the double quantity 7.; or “all over” plan of application we ” ‘ have an additional result that is very gratifying, namely, that it resulted chard soil between the trees, in the marvelous development of a 'heavy soil covering of the finer grasses, fur- nish'ing mulching material at the rate of 2,515 pounds sun-dry weight or 59.8 pounds per tree square per year. This was a gain of 1,872 pounds of dry grass- es per acre per year, as compared (Continued on page 17) tilizer may be used profitably in quite liberal amounts. For late cabbage a fertilizer containing 2 per cent ni- trogen, 8 to 12 per cent phosphoric acid, and 4 or 5 per cent potash; would be about the most satisfactory if it can be secured. It can be ap- plied at the rate of at least 1,000 pounds per acre. _The distance of spacing the plants Will vary with the richness of the _soil and the varieties grown. Thirty inches by thirty inches is a good spacing when it is desired to cultié v'ate both ways. Cabbage will res; pond to very thorough cultivation. After the plants are large they "' should not be cultivated when the' leaves are brittle and thus easily. broken. All cultivation after the first should be shallow. _The yields-7 of late cabbage vary from five to}~ twenty tons per acre. In sections where kraut factories? are located practically all of the cab- bage is contracted to these factories.: ' There is no crop which varies more in price than cabbage. Sometimes!" the contracted price of the kraut factories is, very much below that which the growers could get in the open _market. Growers who are 10- eated near "large cities usually secure better returns than those. Who gro ' for factory purposes. ' If there was, some way of regul ing the placing of cabbage on such a great fluctuation in' More definite information as" tions of the country than is now able would also be of great‘h methods of storing which we able the growers to- move the“ "‘ V at any time. of thenyeari. help stabilize the mark 3. son. L. HUNGER. of the De- " trait Board or Commerce.‘ in charge of the arrangementslor the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Tide- water conference, has asked Tun Beams Fm to extend its road- ors a cordial invitation to attend that meeting which is to be held in Be- trolt at the Board of Commerce, Jul 22nd, 23 and 24th. No doubt a good many farmers have thought rather indid'erently toward the proposal to open the wa- terways between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic ocean to ocean-go- .ing vessels: Possibly they have not at first hand appreciated the full sig- nificance or importance of the pro- ject. Commerce is quite commonly though erroneously associated ‘ in many people's minds with manufact- uring industries, but as a matter of fact the value of agricultural pro- ducts transported by both rail and water far exceeds the value of all other products combined. There is an old saying that "Jones always pays the freight," meaning the farmer. It is as true as gospel. Coming and going the freight charg- es are tucked onto the farmer. So he ought of all men to be interested in any plan which proposes to short- en routes and result in cheaper rates. The Great Lakes—St. Lawrence tide- De’tmilBocrdof Commerce Anxious in [lane Forum AWConocnllcnmdLearn was tarnished in realm, when it was the Advantages Of the New Route water‘, project is of this nature. It promises to be the most important what it would mean now to the hex»- rossed farmers oi the west and Michigan it the crops which are in; held back from the markets cause thoroaronooantoohlpthem to tha‘seaboard could be transported perplexing until some shorter route than the long haul by rail via New York City is devised to connect up the agricultural regions of the Mid- dle West to the markets of the world. Advantages that will accrue to the farmer ii the Great Lakes-to—the-Sea project is put through are discussed in a recent issue oi The Detrolter by Chas. P. Craig, executive director of the Great lakes-St. Lawrence Tide- water Ass’n. as follows: "The price of grain at the seaboard should be the price at thg. interior plus freight and charges and the merchant’s profit, the latter a small margin. This spring rye was the principal northwestern grain moving tor export. In April. mm day to' day, the price delivered in New York wastromltolioonloabov'othe Duluth price plus _ as. In In! the to 18 to I: conic. m m.» ing 170. had no menace that he would ho able to deliver it. The ‘mcrcbant's board. the margin necessary sell against tailors to deliver. councbd tor the extra spread. It is not extra profit. In tact, on perish- ables it. may involve a boob: loss. This margin. ranging troml to 20 cents per bushel. which the export- er must take to protect imsell, would go to the producer. ll _ por- tation and handling conditions would permit its elimination. The merchant is compelled to gamble and the farm-- or's price is docked ‘ “Similar evidence wombronght out at Omaha. One potato grower re- ported 45,000 bushels sold at $2.25, which he was unable to deliver. The price at the moment was all the way up to :4. At the very time when po— tatoes had reached an unexampled height in the city markets, they were stranded in the country markets and great stores were lost entirely "A striking example of such loss reported a flock at so. 0M shoes We lobed at the loading station cocoons no cars were to be had and no Md could be obtained. "in every line scalability markets were ‘wlld‘ because ct transportation shortage. ‘Wholssalers reported that their ‘ entire working capital was tied wg heights and prepaid purchases, loll they could not obtain and therefore could not deliver on contracts. In- terest charges on duplicate stoc premiums on fol-cod purchases an lost business on the same account. in many cases doubled- the overhead ex- pense and were additional causes oi increased prices without corru- pending gain to the distributor. " . "Not to multiply examples, let two be given. A. H. GroVerma-n repre- senting the seal industries, declared at Superior that there was no cool shortage, and had been none in years, due to inability to furnish coal at the mouth of the mine. mines can raise coal as last as they can load oars: continuous operation is dependent on car supply. It this laloos-to—ocean route were open today. he declared, the railroads could strike oil one billion dollars irons thelr- estimates of needed equip- mont. " Third Party Movement Takes Shape at Chicago with Program for Government Ownership ILL-IONS of farmers, laboring men, professional mom—yes, and business mam—who are disappointed over the standpatlsm of the Republican and Democratic part— ies as expressed in the platforms adopted at their recent conventions, have been looking to the‘third party movement in hopes that it will adopt a platform which they can sincere- ly and enthusiastically embrace. Whether the convention of the Third Partyists now in session in Chicago will do this or whether it will split upon the rocks of dlssention remains yet to be seen. As is always the case with new movements of this kind the third party has attracted to its standard every brand of theorist and radical in the country, and,while a certain amount of so-called radi- calism (which actually is nothing more nor less than a term employed. by reactionaries to describe progress- iveness) is essential no third party embracing all who are disgruntled with the old parties can be formed let alone win an election it it adopts all the theories held by its various groups. It the third party is to be a radi- cal labor party espousing tho prog- ram of the Russian Soviets and calling for the nationalization of all industry. it will lose the support of all farmers and such strength as might come to it from the progressive wings of the Republican and Demo- cratic parties. There are men active in the affairs of the third party move- ment who are ready to go that tar. It the third party, however, sensibly confines its "nationalization" program to public utilities and natural re- sources which by their very nature appeal to the average person as be- ing legitimate industries for govern- ment monopollzation and operation, it may become a force to be reckon- ed with. “7110 Make Up the Third Party? The convention is being partici- pated in by fourteen different polit- ical or semi-political bodies, as fol- lows: the National Nonpartisan League, the Farmers’ Alliance, the National Consumers’ League, the American Labor Party, the National Single Tax Party. the National Pub- lic Ownership League. the National People's League, the American Con- stitutional Party, which was organ- ized by W. R. Hearst a few weeks ago, the World’s War Veterans, the Washington State Triple Alliance, the Minnesota Farmer-Labor Party, the New York Labor Party and the Lib- eral League. 'lho Program "Public ownership or transporta- tion, including stock yards, large ab- battoirs, grain elevators. terminal warehouses, pipe lines and tanks. Public ownership of other public util- ities and of the principal natural gas, mineral deposits, large water pow- ers and large commercial timber tracts. "No land (including natural re- sources) and no patents to be held out of use for speculation to aid monopoly. We favor taxes to force idle land into use. "Equal economic, political and le- gal «rights for all, irrespective of sex or color. The immediate and abso- lute restoration 01 free speech, free press, peaceable assembly, and all civil rights guaranteed by the Con- stitution. We demand the abolition or injunctions in labor cases. We in— dorse the effort or labor to share in the management of industry and la- bor's right to organize and bargain collectively Abrough representatives or its own choosing." The above platform represents the tentative dratt that was made by the "Committee of 48" at St. Louis last December. be added as follows: “That Congress should not de~ clare war or the existence at a state ~ of war (except in case of invasion in force) unless authorized by vote of the people. ' “Opposition to universal military training in time or peace. "That our government should make every eilort to secure universal disarmament by international agree- ment. , “That the economic'blockade of Russia should be lifted." 11100011de The convention. threatens to split on the choice or the candidate. Hen? Ford would be the quick and unan mono choice were it not for the tool- ing that he might make it a Ford party and that the party might pass away with Mr. Ford's demise. Sen. Robert Lall‘olietto ot Wisconsin is . second choice. » The ‘ Additional planks may , Campbell- for-Governor Pro-Primary Committee Needs Expense Money, WAY HAS presented itself in which the farmers of Michigan may assist in a very practical way the candidacy oi! Milo D. Camp- bell, the farmers' candidate for Governor. The Campbell-tor—Gov— ernor Committee, consisting ot‘men representative of the farming inter- ests, have heretofore paid from their own pockets such incidental expens— es ns have arisen in connection with their conferences and other work in Mr. Campbell’s behalf. As the pri- maries draw near, however, there will be other expenses which of ne- cessity must be incurred in the le. gltimate promotion of the Campbell campaign. and after a careful dis- 'cussion of the matter the committee has decided to call upon the farmers of Michigan for contributions to the Campbell-ior-Governor campal g n fund. THE BUSINESS Fumes does not make it a habit to solicit loads from its readers for political purposes and we do not want our readers to think that we are trying to establish any sort of a precedent in this appeal. But lathe present case we ice! that our interest is altogether justified and will be approved by our -readers.. The farm organizations have on- ; dorsed Mr. Campbell and there is ' ample evidence to prove that that dorsaloont meets with the approw tum-corny oi tumors. “”5 lng gone this far none of us who de- sire to see a man elected Gov- ernor of Michigan who is in sym- pathy with agriculture can afford to lay down on the job and let the other fellow do all the work. We feel that every farmer is personally aifected by this matter and that it should be as much to his interest to see that Mr. Campbell is nominated as it is to the interest oi! Mr. Camp- bell himself. A great deal of money is not need- ed; in fact, is not wanted. The peo- ple of Michigan have shown that they are not in empathy with large political expenditures, and, moreov- er the law expressly forbids them. When Mr. Campbell accepted the in- vitation of the farm organisations to become a candidate the subject or campaign expenses came up and Mr. Campbell went firmly on record as favoring strict compliance with the law. But the maximum that a can- didate can spend is so low that it scarcely permits the candidate to present his campaign in a proper manner to all the voters, so he must rely on his friends. it he has any, and it he hasn't he has no business- belng in the race. Mr. Campbell is not a rich man in any sense of the word and were there no law on the statute books necessity would force him to economize on his “passes. mr. A. B. Cook, Treasurer, Date Loo-ooo'.ooooooaoo- 1.’0 Farmers’ Csmpbell—ior-Governor Committee, Owosso, Michigan. Dear Mr. Cook: I want to help nominate Milo D. Campbell Governor at mchigan and to that and I pledge my vote and , support and enclose S . . . . . . .~ to help d’etrcytbe campaign expenses of your coulmittoo. _ Name .. Address ,. ... . . . c . sol-concoooooo herewith “a o . o‘o . o o o o a a". ‘1‘1‘. odoo“ Won '2‘. o' ' 31.000 "RM! Remittances should There are certain expenses above mentioned which the Farmers’ Campbell-lor-Governor c o mmlttoe -_ feels that it should take care of. A. little advertising will have to be done in some localities. A little printed matter will have to be gotten out and some work will have to be done in some sections on primary day to get farmers and their wives out to the polls who might be tempted to stay at home. And there will be other incidental expenses which will re- quire some money. It is upon the request 01! Mr. A. B. Cook, treasurer of the Campbell-tor- Governor committee that we make this appeal for funds. We are glad to do it. Tm: BUSINESS Fauna wants to see Mr. Campbell elected because he is the farmers' condidate. And we.believe the maiorlty oi the term- ors of Michigan want 'to see him elected and will assist both by their , , money and votes to help him occur. nation. Bonus Four contributions thonoin Tu Inwillncrt oi! the . with ”5. Who will follow? Amounts 'ol :1 to 335 will be most acceptable. Positively no contribution oi over made direct to ILA. ,, .30003. ml that a man is known by the , company he keeps—but John R. Mahler is known, half a mile off, by the way he waves his hand. He waves to everybody he oversaw be- /fore, and he has seen a great many people during the 23 years he has , been with the United States Depart— ment of Agriculture as chief, assist- ant chief, head of the pathological division and one thing and another in the Bureau of Animal Industry. The people who know him best say he never forgot a face or a name. Considering the number of peple he has met‘ under a multitude of cir- cumstances, that seems improbable, but—well, listen to this: Mohler recently visited one’ of the cities where he was on-dutya good many‘ years ago as a meat inspector. He took a stroll through the pack— ing houses. Every now and then that genial wave of the hand would sweep out to some men an the killing floor, frequently a negro. His es- cort noticed it and asked .him if he would like to shake hands with the men. He said he would. He did shake hands with them—and every man who was there in his day he called by name. Dr. Mohler looks like a man who eats three square meals a day of wholesome food and sleeps soundly on a good bed, ”untroubled by a cloudy conscience. He is a big. man, physically as-well as otherwise. He has a big head which seems to well filled with scientific knowledge and human understanding. The job he fills and the way he fills it require that kind of man. The Bureau of Animal Industry is the biggest enterprise of its kind in the world. It employs 4,400 people, about 500 of them in "Washington and the rest scattered all over the United States. ‘ Among them, they are the final au< thority on, nearly everything pertain- ing to live stock. Three of them dis- covered rthe hog cholera serum that has reduced loss» es from that di-’ 'sease enough to save" the farmers of~ the United States about $40,- 000,000 a year—a discdvery by the means of which any farmer can protect 'his hogs against cholera. A member of this human was re- sponsible rfor the. discovery of insect causation of dis- eases—the discov- ery that made the Panama Canal pos- - si‘ble, by giving to science the sec- ret of eliminating yellow fever from the Canal .Zone. Of course, the Bu- reau of Animal In. dustry men were not thinking about that when they made th e d i s- covery. They were trying to find out how splenetic fever was trans- mitted from Texas cattle to northern cattle, though the two never got near, enough together to see each other. ‘ They found out that the Texas cattle carried a species of tick, that these ticks were frequently scattered over pastures, picked up by the northern cattle and transmitted the disease to them. . As a young man in the bureau, Dr. Mohler was on duty as an in- -; specter along the Mexican border 53.“ ‘ ‘ and learned a great deal about the ' ‘ cattle tick He came back to Wash-" - ington strong in the belief that the cattle tick could “be eradicated from So 8 1‘; The experiment tum jugtance, this division ' .- A7 A WISE MAN a long time ago said , vU-nited States, as well as all By DIXON MERRITT V‘P‘Meet‘Dr John R. Mahler, Chief 6f the Bureau of Animal Industry—He is Waving at You services may do so. IS the first of a series of articles this publication is running I in co—operatlon with the U. S. Department of Agriculture, to ac- quaint our readers with “the type of men who are making possible the wonderful service the department is rendering and stands readyto ‘ render dnr readers, that those not now availing themselves of these Accompanying this sketch also is an article de- . scribing the duties of the Bureau of Animal Husbandry.—Editor. slaughter of the last tick is schedul- ed for 1923. It will represent 17 years work when it is completed— and already it'is saving. the country. 40 millions of dollars every year. This has all been accomplished by driving the cattle, every so often, through a vat filled with an arsenic solution which kills the tick on the animal’s hide. The men under Dr. Mohler’s charge inspect all of the meat that goes_into interstate commerce in the meat 'that comes into this country and all that goes out. In every packing house whose products cross a State line, a veterinarian or inspector-of the Bureau of Animal Industry inspects the'animals before they are slaught- ered. If there is anything to show that they are unsound, they can not be slaughtered for human consump- tion. Those that appear to be sound are slaughtered—and every piece of the carcass is gone over carefully by other inspectors. If there is any- thing wrong, it is condemned. ‘When a piece of meat or a can of meat product is stamped “U. S. Inspected and' Passed” the consumer is assured ofmeat from a healthy animal and killed, cured; and canned under san— itary conditions. Dr. Mohler in his work up through the bureau was con- velops in mouldy hay and such things and prepared a serum that protects against it. Then the discovery was made that botulinuspoison in can— ned foods; frOm' Which a'good'ma'ny human beings have died recently, is caused by the same bacillus—and the serum discovered by the Bureau of Animal Industry has been called into use for human beings and has saved some of the victims. I said a while ago that Mohler looks like a man who sleeps sound- ly, but very few men have lost more sleep in the line of duty than he has. Each of the three times when foot— and-mouth disease has got into the United States, Mohler was caught in the swirl and rush of the thing and worked night and day until he knew that the disease was driven back across the Atlantic. He confirmed the diagnosis in the outbreak of 1902. 1908 he did a brilliant When the next,one came in piece of scientific detective work,in tracing the source of the infection to a con— taminated strain of smallpox vaccine. He was directly in charge of the radication work during the outbreak of 1914-15. Another thing that the Bureau of Animal Industry people do is to in— spect all live animals that come into the United States from foreign coun— tries. Most of them are all right, of Dr. John R. Mahler. (inlet of Bureau of Anlmal Industry, 9. 8. Department of Agriculture. nected with this branch of the work for some time. In all of the kinds of thingshe was tried at Mohler made good..He knew how to apply scientific knowl- edge to practical affairs. But he also showed a fondness for research, for digging deeper into a. thing than anybody had gone before. That led ' to his being brought back to Wash- ington in the pathological division of the bureau. He stayed there for 15 years, the greater part of the time as chief of the division. The pathological division investigates diseases of animals—what causes them and how they can be cured. Its work is constantly helping farmers to save valuable animals, and: once 111 a while it saves ham life. For him 111 inn-see, discover- .to uhadfimm course, but now and then some of them are very much wrong: Several years ago some Brahman cattle— -the holy cattle of the East—were brought to our‘ports by Texas ranch- men, because they are not bothered by the cattle ticks. The ranchmen were very anxious to get them to their ,ranches, and they had the support of “high officials of the government in the effort. The cattle were to be released next day—when this same .‘Mohler we have been talking about discovered that some of them had surra, a very terrible cattle scourge from which this country is free. The holy cattle found infected were not released~and the country was sav- ‘~ ed from-11' disease that might have done more damage than the cattle _ tick. Even- Kendron, General Persh— w denied partici- -thrax, influenza, etc. W parade lie-r * e cause he had not passed quarantine. The bureau was asked to waive the» restrictions in order that Kendron might carry his master in this great home-coming festivity, but Dun: Mohler felt that the risk was too; great, so the famous steed was re« quired to serve his term in quaran- tine. Those are a few of the things that Mohler and his men do for the stock growers of the United States. In ad—“ dition, they are experimenting ail the time on breeding problems, feed- ing methods and a great many other things, and are making their dis- coveries available to everybody who . is interested in live stock. ‘ Mohler is a very successful admin- istrator of that big work his inti- mates say, because he is a democrat ——aspell it with a small “d." He is just one of the 4,400 workers—a lit- tle busier, perhaps, but just as ac- cessible as any of them. Others say that his success is due to the fact that he combines the qualities of the researcher, the practiotioner, and the administrator. And he has been able to do that, I believe, because he never had a fad. I tried diligently among the men who know him best to get them to tell me something out- ' side of his regular duties that he works at or plays at. They couldn’t do it. The nearest any of them came to it was one who said. “Well, Moh- ler loves, a good joke—loves to hear one and loves to tell one.” Certainly this short sketch of the chief of the Bureau of Animal In- dustry—one of the 17 great bureaus of the Department of Agriculture— gives some idea of the wonderful service the bureau is rendering the farmers and, people generally by helpful suggestions regarding protec- - ’ tion of live stock and directions for prevention of loss by disease, and .5, considered in con- nection with the other sixteen ibu- reaus some idea may be had of the service of the De— partment of Agri~ culture as a whole. \VORK OF THE BUREAU CTIVITIES of the Bureau" of Animal Indus- try are particular- ly those dealing with live stock and dairy produc— tion, disease con- trol, inspection of animals and their products, research and similar‘ lines of efi’ort. The bu- reau has about 4, - 400 employees of whom more than 3,700 are assigned to duties in vari- ous parts of 'flhe United States, outside of Wash- ington. The bu- reau is principal- ly a field organi- zation. . There are 14 main divisions in the bureau as follows. Animal Hus- bandry. Biochemic Division—Bio- chemical and bacteriological research , concerning animal diseases, meat‘ productiOn, and disinfectants. Pre~ pares tuberculin and m-allein for dis- L tribution to authorized officials. Con- " ducts analyses of dips and disinfect— I. ants. Dairy Division. Experiment". Station—A veterinary experiment station is maintained at Bethesd Md., for conducting investigatio animal diseases. Its facilities * used by the various divisions. F191}; Inspection Division—Has charge. ‘ eradication of sheep scabies, scabies, horse scabies, dourine, . f Supervisosi ' ‘ terstate transportation of live :1 Division of Hog Cholera Meat InspectiOn Division. - eons Dishes;- Path“ " ' ii TRADE ANDiMABKET REVIEW Concerned as the farmer always is in the disturbances that radio the in- dustrial world he is nothing but a spectator compared to the worker and the industrial employer. It wouldnotbetruetosaythstthe, farmer will not be aflected,——is not in fact already feeling the effects of the airmen that is raging-in the world's economics—for he is. The insuflicieney of transportation, the lack of mdihandthedisperlty-in. vealreaiy uncer- the foo-rip exchange - been Inflected in lower mothkcommaudbefore‘ another thirty days have passed every farmer will clearly see what a slave to transportation and credit he really is. But among the few things that the farmer can be grateful for is the fact that people must eat. Although V there may be no cars. cars there will be when the people are hungry and clamoring for food. Although there may be no ready money to loan to farmers when the harvest is at its height, long, long before the people face the necessity of going without food, plenty of money will be placed to the farmer’s credit. 80 we can conceive of no crisis involving the in- terests of the city laborer, the em- ployer and the farmer in 'which the latter will not receive first consider- ation. In these respects the laborer and the small employer of the city are not so fortunate. The shortage of cars has already closed some factor- ies. Others are running on a hand to mouth basis, frequently being obliged to shut down a day or a week awaiting arrival of raw mater- ial or cars to clear their shortage spaces of the finished goods. Unem- ployment due to these causes primar- ily is increasing alarmingly. And for the workman who is thus deprived of his wages there is no relief, either private or governmental. Crops throughout the entire state are looking fine. The hall storm of last week did some damage but re- ports of fields totally destroyed have been investigated and found to be not true. The stem in some rc- spects was the worst that has visited the state for some time and it is sur- prising that the resulting damage was not greater. The downpour. accom- panied in places by a brisk wind, caused some lodging of grain where the stand was heavy. It is reported that in some of the western counties the corn was stripped of its ears and fields of wheat, rye and oats laid flat to the ground. If this is true the storm must have In much more severe in that section than it was in the eastern part of the state which shows very little evidence of the storm. Corn is as far along now in most counties as it was last year which was one of the state’s best corn years. The stand of cats in most of the southeastern counties is unusual- ly heavy, and most of the farmers have harvested or are harvesting be- tween the rains, a good hay crop. Wheatisalittlethinandnotheed- ingupanytoowelhbutryeshows promise of being a good crop. At this season of the you all the grain markets are subject to “change without notice.” The Iner- hots are more or leis influenced by the great and comparatively un- known factors of the supply and con- diflouofnewerops. Asuddeudown- ward sweep of prices should not be ‘ construed as a permanent falling on‘ of the markets. and a sudden rise in CHICAGO—The outstanding features of the wheat situation is the condition of the crop in the Northwest, where black rust has been reported. Another week will determine the afloat of this outbreak open the yield and resulting prices. kinds 1n slightly better demand. Live stock of all Bearish tendency prevails' in all DETROIT—Grain We held only temporary. Oats low- er. Hey guy with prospects of lower prices. (louI'hsebeu insulin a WT Plum WORK mm WHEAT Pnlcss run so” mv Is. Im, ‘ Grads lDetrolt IOhIcaoo N. Y. .No. 2 Rod . . . . . 2.81 8.02 No. 1 White . .‘ 2.88 8.02 No. 2 Mixed . 2.85 3.00 PRICES ONE- YEAR A00 _ Grade loom]: lchlmoo II. V. No. 2 Bed ....1 2.28 1 2.21 i No. 2 White . . . 2.21 No. 2 Mixed Last week wheat prices showed a marked tendency to seek lower lev- els and for a day or two the market declined. Reports on Saturday and Monday of the appearance of black rust in the northwest had a. bullish influence and prices returned to somewhere‘near their former level. It is stated that the weather condi- tions of the past few weeks have been ideal for the development of rust. In Michigan we have had much rain and a. few muggy nights, and we understand that the same con— ditions have prevailed in the prin- cipal wheat growing sections. The harvest has been under way for some time in the southwest and will begin next week in the northwest, provid- ing the weather continues warm and dry enough to finish the ripening process. While speculators use every excuse to manipulate the market in their favor. it is a remote possibility that the black rust may reach such proportions as to make any appre- ciable cut in the wheat yield. West- on farmers, particularly of Kansas and adjoining states will be free sellers of wheat as soon as it is thrashed, so it is reported, in order to liquidate loans that have been made against their crops. This will mean inevitably a temporarily low- er market. CORN INCLINE!) '10 BE BEARIBH cm rmcss PER 80.. JULY-18, 1920 ' we maven Chloe's I. V. lo. 2 Yellow 1.10 1.84% fie. 8 Yellow 1.0. No. 4 Yellow ... PRIOR. OI! VIII soc _‘ Credo lustre): low I. F. No. 2 Yellow ...l1.91 lo. 8 Yellow ..., 1.0. 1... lo. 4 Yellow 1.90 The recent estimate on the corn condition and yield has had a bear- g In THE WEATHER 1m wits-ale directive! They contain last minute Internatio- up to within omin- ef m Amluhmdii ish influence on the price and ~‘tho trend has been downward for sev- eral days past. No scenario one bogey of dread and doubt as to what calamity may befall this crop is dissi-.-_ . pated than another arises. There was well-founded fear in eary spring that the seed would rot in the ground. Then a spell of dry weather was in the offing and wild predictions were made about the failure of the crop. But the crop has withstood all un- usual weather conditions and in spite of the lateness of the season is only about a week behind the con- dition a year ago. The comparative- ly cool weather that has prevailed throughout the entire summer is bringing visions of early frost to the gloomsters. Early frost means soft corn and soft corn means the devil to pay in the corn markets. But the weather the last couple weeks has been ideal for corn—plenty of moist- ure and warm nights. If these con- ditions continue throughout thé bal- ance of the summer, barring possi- bility of too much rain, corn will be about as far advanced on September lot as it was on the same date last year. We unnot be pessimistic about the corn yield. If appearanc- es are not deceiving we expect to see Michigan at least produce a better than average crop. As to the future of corn prices, authorities diner. Some claim that wheat being an international ~grain will be affected by international con- ditions, but that domestic corn prices are subject solely to domestic condi- tions. Be that as it may a certain number of factors that will control the wheat situation the next few months, such as transportation and credits, will also largely control corn prices. For that reason we expect to see a slump in com. This may not take place simultaneously with the wheat slump, but may when the grain is harvested. OATS FOLLOW WHEAT Neither the carryover of old oats nor the estimated yield of new are sufficient amounts to warrant any considerable downward revision in the price of this grain. The govern» .— FOR THE WEEK AsForecastedbyW.T.FosterforTheMiehiganBusinessFarmer for July 1920 C d of Rock 4 T i want eastern sec ow s - tiou 8!. 8 Aug-8. I reach " vi- sas" of it about? I . Au. 1 i'.18. sternum will” low about one v- es. cool“ wovssdgout one day whale: stone First Moth!!! med to he and" tour 1930 crop. If it through that crucial test without damage we may reasonably expect at least a fair corn crop for this year, Sometimes ; frosts damage northern crops last half of August and this is one of the times that such frosts are expected in our middle northern states and the Canadian of them. for enough advanced to determine. but I am expecting some northern from :‘urlng the week centering on Aug. Northern bail storms and southern l hurricanes expected dourinlth i E l f E 5 torinion.5.18endn. “mot-willed kindled“. «use a scars on t lute northern corn and oats crops ""E m' fungus" ’ in the. co our men "It on. any It. Ion , crass «luminous-o: I. . 'lo I. m ..1 1.10 11.11 11’ .' lo. a wax» 1.09 I . no. o no. ... 1.0: '“g Wes-mince ' ' em. “Mlm- - .1 W ....... I .395 '1' lo: "s won. III In ' meut's estimate of 1,295,000,600 bushels is less than four per cent of an increase over last year’s crop. an amount for less than the total do- mes-tie and foreign requirements. Outs" have suirered some serious ro- verses the last several weeks and it is probable um price: war- so still lower, but in the absence of 0 nor- mal supply much lower prices can oaly be transitory and of short dur. RYE STEADY The European demand for rye is holding this market steady, with prices ranging this week around the $2.30 mark. Poland and Austria are especially interested in American rye and quantities of it will he wanted right along for export to these countries. NOWG DOING IN BEANS zBEI- PRIOEB PER cum. JULY 18. 19!!) grade Detroit Ichlcml I. Y. ...... v.2s vso lied" Richy: Ii iIsEoo Pmcss one vans see I 8.28 {18.50 Grade Detroit lounge II. V. o. H. P. ...... 1.28 Prlmo .......... Red Kidneys 4 ' The been market consistently holds to the position which it, assumed sev- eral weeks back when the speculat- ors bolstered the market for a brief period in order to move their sup- plies that bsd accumulated. Trad- ing is inactive, demand slow and supply plentiful, with prices dragging along the $707.50 level. The con- dition of the crop in the western. states is good and in Michigan ex- cellent, giving promise of a satis— factory yield. Kotenashis which have been the demon on the trail of the navy been for three years have, lost none of their influence upon the domestic market and to them may be . attributed the present condition of the bean market. Kotenashls are received weekly in large quantities at Pacific ports and at always at prices which can undersell the navy bean. The hopes of the farmers for better prices next winter lies almost entirely in the cut -in. the acreage this year which foretells a greatly reduced yield. NEW POTATOES WEAKER CPI-IDI- FIR OWT" JULY 13. 1920 Sacked] Bulk ............... I . 1.26 chic-gs .. . .. ..... 1.00 ............... 6.12 New York ............ .oso --------------- Fresh supplies of potatoes from the Virginia's, Oklahoma, Arkansas and ‘Misslsslppl‘ have Weakened the potato market considerably, iobbing prices in Chicago running as low as $3. 90@4 per bushel. We may rea- sonably expect further declines on the early potato market as harvesting moves northward and local crops ms- ture. However, at the very best the early potstoes satisfy a temporary need and are wellout of the way by the time the late potato movement begins in earnest. So whatever prices prevail on early stock finish is quickly consumed they cannot be taken as a criterion of prices on late potatoes which are brought in quen- titles for winter storage. The prion that will obtain this fall on the oon- *~ merciel potato crop will be largely mode by transportation. It is a foregone oomolnsioutbat mm in one of an outright. panic which . would from, . ‘ ‘ 'x. ~. steers firm with some ‘ m adequatemppl! 01 cars tor the move- - most of. the crop. We realize that there is little to be done along this line st this time, but it would do no harm to give the matter 3' little pre- liminary consideration and map out a plan of procedure. my nest i His 1 'l'lm.| 8m..'l'lm.l No.2 Tim. Detroit . .137. Ill Q 88!“. 80 0 85.80 or. In 5...; 'm. .«12- econ «33?? ‘ Ion . fin . :m'fiox. my. 3» «um ’ wear LEI: A use use i !flchPM. Ml“. 5m “on . . nus: m .. C New ”In! . ”Mgle no.1 :. 1' r its. 7f Halts. than! “one Detroit ..ma:guiumzu 8.“ Chi . 4‘.“ to - Ito- »: ' .00 Planers . .00 .0001! There has been some further eas-r ing a! in the hay markets during the week owing to improved condi- tions and the effort of holders oi old hay to move their supplies before new hay is marketable. Farmers in the East are anxious to empty their barns or what hay is still back and as most of it is owned by dealers, an effort is being made to secure cars. The crop has improved in the past two weeks owing to more favorable weather, but most sections report a large percentage of woody hay. Beck 0nd cutting alfalfa in the West is heavy and of excellent quality. The hay crop this year promises to be a. record breaker, but the gain over last year will be West 0! the Mississippi River, the tame hay states reporting a. larger acreage than the past season but a- smaller yield per acre. GATTLE STE‘ADY To HIGHER Cattle values have been on the upgrade for the better part of the last two weeks, choice steers bring- ing as high as $17 on the Chicago market last Fri-day. Stockers, can- ners, cows and other of the lower grades were in plentiful supply but demand is slow for this type of an- imal and prices are way below nor- mal. Receipts of last week were considerably under the previous week’s arrival on the Chicago mar- ket and with indications that offer- ings will not increase for some time to come, the present level of prices is expected to be maintained. Hogs are due for an advance in price if the renewed interest in pork supplies on the part of export buy— ers is any indication. hogs last week on the Chicago mar- ket were far short of the previous week and of the corresponding week a year ago. Sheep and lambs have partly re- covered from the drastic declines of a. fortnight ago, but are hardly back where it would pay a farmer to sell. LIVESTOCK MARKETS DETROIT—Cattle: Market is very dull, some going over unsold; best heavy steers, 814; best handy weight butcher steers, 811@11.50; mixed steers and heifers, 89@10; handy light butchers, 88. 25@8.75: light butchers, 87. 2568; best cows, 88@ 8.50; butcher cows, 86 5067. 25; cutters $5; canners, $4. 50; best heavy bulls, 88; bologna bulls, $7. 25 @1. 75; stock bulls, :6. 59oz: feed- ers, 88010; stocks-rs, 875008.50); milkers and swingers, 8800160,. Veal calves: Market opened steady, prospects lower; best, $17@18; -,£air $I5@15; culls, $7@14. Sheep and lambs: Market slow; best lambs, 815 @15 50; fair lambs, 813614; light to common lambs, $10®12; yearl— ings, $8@10; fair to good sheep, $5 636.50; culls and common, $2@4. Bogs: Market slow; pigs, $14. 50g 14. 75; heavy and common, 815. 75; mixed, 1:15. .85®16. 15; yorkcrs, an. ass 35. - ' . smelter). +5.15... andy weight as best high- choice 1.88841» Angus . ‘ holiness one the Michigan mummy m. are 2 doing toward insuring a reasonably . m be "“14: good itron'g; ' undesiflble finds quiet. Hogs: Better grades steady to 100 lower; others mostly steady to strong; top early, 810. 85-; bulk light and light butchers, 815. 80016. 25; bulk 250 lbs. and over, 818. 9069 15.75: pigs 25c higher; bulk desire able kind; “3.25614. Sheep: Slow and' strong to 25c higher; choice- western lambs, 816.80; bulk, 816@ 816.60; top native lambs, $16; bulk, $15@15; fair native yearlings. $11.50; very good native wethers, 810; choice western ewes, 88. 50; bulk ewes, 8808.50; best flooding lambs, 8-13. 56.- . f Crop Reptile j thehetcep‘leofldswbut ”inert u . are 0 than realm (11‘; week the west permithe. until the reins farmers were heaving, culti- and. ”palates Most voting corn, buns firmer: start at am: we coed “yin. and" if the weather is good next week wm see a. lot of hay cut and haul- ed. H” is quite light this year and will probably bring high prices this fall. Out! and barley will be emu short this rm, while rye and wheat will not be quite M3500 the average. 0cm averages mush a few fields are quite acreage- of beans extra small and although some fields are look- ing line; over half of the «range is only fairly good Not much buckwheat has been not in, on account of dry weather We had some heavy rain. and hail his the last couple of days, which has nearly ruined some fields of corn, beans and oats and (ion. considerable dam- - to other crops in this vicinity. —C. S. The mliowm prices were oner- ed at Flint: Wheat, 82. 75; com, 81. 9:0 oats, 81.15; rye, 81 8-5 buckwheat per cwt; beans (C red kidneys, 8'11; hayd straw, wheat straw and out straw, 880 12" old potatoes 8350@5; onions. $150 a 135:3o@ns3 30,2; 30c fir. goings, no 5. e; geese, or eye, @4013;a utter, dairy, 50@55c; cream- cry 58; eggs, 40®450: rs, 0&1520 beef cows, 6.50 8; veal calv- es 816620;..sheep, 7oz; lambs, use 15; hog-s, 15@16 MONROE (N El—A little too much rain skirt now. We flamers are busy trying to make ha. between showers Wheat that amour! anything is about. £1; to out. It averages poor, due to "fly, rust and hail. Corn is getting yellow especially on best of bin corne land, oats are picking up and will. make a fair crop, although some oats and barley fields are scolded, by rain and hot sun they look rusty. No help to- be had at any price, which will make quite a loss of needed crops as weather is bad and 10 of help needed. We will have enoug h or ourselves, but how about the gclttes and other countries, who on short? We have got to have prices on our products so we can bid tor labor against mamrfactums or some ineswill go hungry and that scour—G norms‘ tremors railroads mately $17,155 058?, 000, to their book value of over 8920.50.11 - 000000,used by rain-coda din this case. “The railroads have suggested that an allowance for ‘going value,’ work- ing capi-tal,.and materials and sup- plies should be' added to the figure above stated. Going value has been subject to much litigation. The present record is wholly lacking in any competent figures whatsoever as to the amount of such values, if they should be added. ”As a possible onset to such tset- ors, we cite the following tacts: The Federal government and the State of Texas have made donations of land to. American railroads aggregating more than 146,000,000 acres. This vast domain is larger than the entire land area of Pennsylvania, Ohio, In~ diam and Illinois combined. This great empire is larger than that of Belgium, Greece, Portugal, Syria-er- land, mgl‘and, Scotland and Ireland combined. Without stating the amount, a witness tor the .wrien conceded that this was reasonably Worth several hundred million doi- lars. It is new proposed to capital— ize this vast empire, and make the public forever after pay an annual tax to the railroads on its present value, a value which has cost them nothing. "As a possible oirset to working capital and materials and supplies, we have shown that- when the rail- roads were taken over by the govern- ment they had ,an unappropriated surplus in such forn‘i as to be readily available (in cash, bank deposits and securities in unamliated companies) aggregating more than $800,000,000. “As another possible onset to the items named, it must be remember- ed that much of these properties has been built out of earnings. The fig- ures for the Pennsylvania verified by its o-fllcials in another proceeding showed that this amounted to more than $300,000,000 for that system alone. This Commission has unani- mOusly held in a previous case, and the presidents of two leading rail- roads in the United States have de— clared under oath on the witness stand that such items should not be capitalized for the purpose of jus- tifying increased rates. “As further evidence of the present vuluc oi these railroad properties we suggest the propriety of capitaliz- ing the standard return guaranteed to the carriers during the war per- iod, and adding thereto the value of additions to property made since December 31, 1917, and also the in- gestment in non—federal controlled nos. 13”” ' railway operating am at cont, anointing to 816, 611.858, 640. It 'tnereihmdssreenttttod necrosis per cent upon. this Valid under the Cummins‘Esch Act, their total net income should equal (above all expenses and taxes) $836, 663, .036. ‘This is equivalent to adopting the standard return, and adding thereto six per cent on all additions to prop- erty subsequently made. In View of the entire situation, for present pur- poses, this. method is probably the best. “The standard return whet congress deemd to be reason- able for the properties at the time they were taken over by the govern- ment. In addition to that fact, the standard return is equivalent to the net revenues or the railroads during the most prosperous three-year per- iod they have ever experienced “The railroad oficials have esti- mated what would be the net reven- ues during the coming year on. the present m of freight and passen— ger rates. They have created a. con- structive or imaginary year by ap- plying the unit costs anticipated for the next twelve months, to the traffic 0: the year ending October 31, 1619. In other words they have made full allowance for all increased expenses, but have made no allowance whatso- ever for increased business. ‘Trecisel‘y the same meth d was adopted by the railroads in 1 17, m the Fifteen Per Cent Case. At that time we objected and showed the large errors that such a. method of accounting would produce if applied to preceding years. In the fall of 1917, on re-hea-ring, we showed that in nine months the railroads had al- ready earned 350,000,000 more than they had prophesied they would earn during the entire year. “Fortunately we now have the actual returns for “the entire cal- endar year 1917. And we find that the rallroeds’ prophecy in the spring 01 1917, as compared to the actual returns for the year in the Eastern District alone,_involved an error of over $95,000,000. “We have shown that an increase in their total revenues of 12.85 per cent (instead of 19.48 per cent as estimated by the carriers) will en- able the railroads of the United States to earn six per cent upon the value of their properties, arrived at by capitalizing the standard return at six per cent and adding the in- creases to property subsequently made. If the entire increase is con- fined to freight traffic the advance should be 18' per cent (instead of 27. 85 per cent as proposed by the carriers. ”) Receipts of. Labor Shortage has no Terrors for the man who owns (1 UNITED STATES CREAM SEPARATOR “ With Perfected Disc Bowl”, labor shortage" on the farms was such a serious consideration as it is today, the men who make this wonderful separator had anticipated this very condition so thoroughly that even today the United States is the ONLY cream separator that can be run with Hand or Power Without a Shift The U. S. can be fitted for gasoline engine or electric motor the crank—e hand and machine combined—«cub for any emergency. This exclusive feature—so important today—1's only one in- stance of how the makers of the machine that holds the world' 1: record for close separation have led in the important impro‘vcv onto that make for any running, and, chan- Years before power without removing menu and refine mg and long life. Bellows Falls, vs Have a United States agent show you what nmrvol of easy cleaning the U. S. Perfected Disc Bowl to. You’ll say it “shines by comparison. ” Send VERMONT, FARM MACHINE CORPORATION recess 0”; power for literature. Chicago,m. 0‘30. died. ”Wtomwvfluey reflects ' ’ An {independent ' Farmer’s water! and fidhedvlenebl I: lean SATURDAY, JULY 17, 1920 u; ‘ Published every Saturday by the RURAL PUBLISHING COMPANY. Inc. Mt. clemens. Mlohlgan Members Agricultural Publishers Association Represented in New York. Chicago. St. Louis and Minneapolis h! the Associated Farm Papers. Incorporated GEORGE M. SLOCUM ....................... PUBLISHER FORREST LORI' .............................. EDITOR ASSOCIATES Frank R. Schalclr .............. Assistant Business Manager Mllon Grinncll ........................ Edito lDepartment M D. MLamheb ................................... Auditor ' Frank ..................... Plant Superintendent Mabel ClareW Ladd .. ......... Women’s and Children's Dept. \Villlam E. Brown Legal Department \V Austin Ewalt ..................... Veterinary Editor ONE YEAR. 52 ISSUES. ONE DOLLAR Three years. 156 Issues ........................... $2. 00 Five Years, 280 Issues ............................ $8. 00 The address label on each paper is the subscriber’s receipt and shows to what date his subscription is paid. hen renewals are sent it usually requires 8 weeks time before the label is changed Advertlslng Rates: Forty-five cents per agate line 14 lines ‘0 the column inch. 768 lines to page lee stock and Auotlon Sale Advertlslng: We ofler special low :atesthto reputable breeders of live stock and Poultry; write us or em. ....................... OUR GUARANTEED ADVERTISERS We respectfully» ask our readers to favor our ad- vertisers when possible. Their catalogs and prices are cheerfully sent free, and we guarantee you against loss providing you say when writing or or- dering from them, "I saw your ad. in my Michigan Business Farmer." Entered as second-class matter, at post-omce, Mt. Clemens, Mich. \ Business and Philanthropy S IF the farmer wasn’t harrassed enough by bugs and blight, floods and frosts, fail‘ ing crops and falling markets, shortage of labor and machinery, lack of credit, the problem of keeping his boys and girls on the farm and other perplexities too numerous to mention, to say nothing of the little problem of making both ends meet—some well-meaning folks would charge him with the responsibility of feeding the world and hold him criminally liable if any suffer for want of food. At the same time none of these well-meaning folks would think of soiling their hands and bending their backs at the arduous labor which some must perform in order that this precious food may be produced. It is an old and proven saying that business and sentiment will not mix. While it is true that many of the nation’s richest men are also her greatest philanthropists it does not follow that any of them combine their philanthropy with their business. They do not. That is the reason they acquire great wealth. The prac- tice of philanthropy in the conduct of business would mean less profits to the business and lower prices to the consumer. If John D. Rockefeller’s philanthropic nature had found expression in the policies of the Standard Oil Company, Mr. Rockefeller would not now hays so many millions that he cannot count them, and gasoline would be cheaper. The same is true of Andrew Carnegie and other steel bar- ons. Ilad Henry Ford been as charitable in fixing the price of his motor cars as he has been in building hospitals and other worthy monuments to his name, Ford cars would be cheaper, but We probably wouldn’t have the hospitals. Had Dodge Bros. shown a philan- thropic spirit in fixing the price of their pro- duct, the cstate of John Dodge would not now be completing a two-million dollar mansion at Grosse Point'and Horace Dodge might not have been able to give his daughters Wedding which for pomp and lavishness set the society world agog. Perhaps the reader may think we are getting a little far afield from our subject but when we show the connection between gasoline, steel motor cars and the production of food the point we have in mind Will be clear. All three of the above commodities, no less than the very money and labor used in their manufacture, are . now considered essentials in the successful con- duct of a farm. The drillers of oil, the makers of steel and motor cars, as well as the manufac- turers of hundreds of other commodities, all draw an enormous amount of labor and credit from the farm. Upon their finished product they set a price that equals cost of production plus a profit, —in some cases a very handsome profit. They sell this product to the farmer at their fixed market price. There' is no senti- ment involved in the transaction. No discount. is allowed because of the peculiarly hazardous , 3 "‘9?!” 0f the. farmer 8 hllflmess 01' DE! ‘0‘ 1.' of“ ‘ age. . that counts. Neither is there: h" thought of p, ' ' upOn the part of those Who buy t ‘ products. The middleman and even the con- . sumer himself. will naturally buy at the very lowest figure at which the farmer can be in- duced'to sell. pay the farmer a fair profit. In themajority of‘ cases they do not. With the purchaser, of the farmer’s food the transaction is amatter of dollars and cents, pure and simple, undefiled by any philanthropic notions. , In view of the fact that all With whom the farmer deals conduct their business upon a rigid business basis, unmixed with sentiment, and the farmer is of necessity obliged to fol - low in their footsteps so far as possible, is it fair or reasonable to criticize him for his failure to plant crops which may not grow or which for lack of labor may not be harvested, to raise high- priced live stock which may find no market, or develop any branch of his busi- ness beyond what he is reasonably sure will bring him a profit? The Sugar Beet Acreage ARMERS who are not growing beets this year because the manufacturers refused to give them a fair share of the profits question the statement of the factories that the acreage this year is the largest in the history of the industry. In letters to the editor they all state without exception that the acreage is far less than normal'in their respective localities, and they have asked us to express an opinion as to the correctness of the reports of the total acre— It is impossible to determine the exaCt acreage. The Department of State and the Bureau of Markets must of necessity rely upon the reports of the manufacturers themselves for information of this character. learned something of the temper of the manu- facturers this year we would not put it above them to exaggerate the acreage for which they have contracts if it suited their purpose to do so, and in view of the fact that the beet growers are already getting set for their fall campaign, it would be very much to the inter- ests of the manufacturers to distort their acre- . age figures and make it appear that the efforts - of the growers to reduce the acreage were fruitless, thereby discouraging them possibly. from further efforts at organization. A recent report of the Michigan acreage in- dicates an increase of about five per cent over last year. Even accepting that this is correct, which we refuse to do, the fact in itself would be of no significance as reflecting upon the success or failure of the beet growers’ cam- paign. The manufacturers might conceivably have five per cent more acres under contract this year than last and yet secure less than fifty per cent of a normal tonnage. This might happen even in the face of normal growing con- ditions. It must be apparent to all pioneer growers of beets that a very large percentage of the 1920 crop has been planted on land Which has never before grown beets and 18 en~ tirely unsuited for growing them. Also that ' a large majority of the farmers growing beets this year are entirely unfamiliar with their culture. Under no circumstances except ab- solute necessity would the manufacturers have contracted for beets in a good many localities which are attempting to produce them this 4 year. Acreage means nothing; it is tonnage And we shall be very much sur- prised if the sugar factoi-ies of this state have seventy-five per cent of an average tonnage when the beets are weighed. We hope that nothing may transpire to swerve the practical beet growers of Michigan from their avowed purpose to have a voice in the making of the contract and a fair share of the profits. It is our firm belief that no mat- ter how favorable the balance of the season may be there will be hundreds of growers who will lose money on the crap this year and WIII. be ready to join hands with the organizatioir this coming fall. The dominatin principle of the best groWers’ “strike’ ’ ufd Rh 1 They do not trouble themselves to the point of finding out whether such prices ‘ Having, state treasurership and several plac mess. mar is Why a Great Naval Programw 2‘ ‘ ‘ ’ HE UNITED States is rapidly building what Secretary of the Navy Daniels dc» ' clares we moSt need, “incomparably the great». ' est Navy in the Worl. ” just been launched. It is the largest battle- ship ever built. The Iowa and, the Messia- chusetts will be even larger. The navy program of twelve super-dreadnou’ghts will be comple- mented by a proportionate number of battle cruisers, scout-cruisers, destroyers, submarines and,other war craft, giving the United States a navy that should inspire awe in its imagin- . ary enemies and horror in the overburdened t_.axpayer Whether Secretary Daniels‘is sincere in his advocacy of a matchless navy or whether as an . appointee of the Wilson administration he is trying to punish the nation far not accepting the Wilson League, of Natons to insure the peace of the world without armament, is not clear; but inasmuch as the Secretary has al- ways been knoWn asa peaceful old gentleman somewhat averse to military preparedness in times of peace, we may reasonably cenclude that his naval recommendations are not-entire- ly disassociated from the failure of congress to adopt the League of Nations covenant.- Be . that as it may the Secretary seems to have met with remarkable success in leading a Republi- can congress into an unprecedented ship build- ing program. Do we need a greater navy? Japan, we are told has already been outdistanced in naval ’armament by this country. England’s naval expansion, if she has any plans for such, are entirely at a standstillbecause of lack of mon- ey and material. Germany’s navy is at the bottom of the sea, and the combined armaments of all the other leading nations are not formi- dable enough to cause any alarm even if they were directed en bloc‘ against the United States, a possibility as remote as the Ressurec- firm. The building of super-dreadnoughts at this time when all bthe World is suffering from the deep economic wounds inflicted by the great war is a criminal and inexcusable waste of la- bor and money. The recent congress robbed the constructve agencies of the' government like the Department of Agriculture of hund- reds of millions that money might be had to build engines of destruction. The people are restless and sullen under the tax burdens. In- dustry and agriculture alike are crippled be cause the resources of the Federal Reserve system have been drained and there is no oth- er source of credit to which they can turn for relief. While the government scrapes the bot- tom of the exchequer to buy steel, brass, lum- ber and other materials and to pay the wages of ship builders in the construction of dread- noughts which at the end of five years may be obsolete and ready for the junk pile, all in- dustry languishes for want of men, money, material and transportation. ' Certainly the farmers of this country will not approve of such senSeless and wanton waste of the public funds, at this critical per- iod and we doubt if there are many other classes of people who Will approve of it..- A poll of the press of the country shows an 9.1-. 'most undivided sentiment against any increase ' in the naval armament. The people should at an early date ' fix the responsibility " for the policy which is being followed by the navy de- partment and show the militarists, Whoever they may be, that they have exceeded their authority as the representatives of the people and demand that an immediate halt be called on further naval expansion. 1 At the recent election :11 North Dakota the Non~Partisan League reelected Gov. Frazier ' 1 and most of its other state ofiicers and c‘aptur- -, ed a United States senatorship, but lost the 88 in The Tennessee has _ . ”At: “ tion. , ‘ " Mona numerous EDUCATION ,5 NEEDED INSTEAD or LESS . -While reading your last issue of the M. B. F.. I also happened upon the editorial to “Abolish Parochial SChools," framed by a certain J. B. from, Kent county. If the person -- in qu’estionhad not drawn my atten- tion to the fact that he had for the past eight .years been director of a public school I should-probably have ignored the absurdity of his editor- ial as proceeding from a mind too immature to cope with the—educa- tional difficulties that confront us today. But occupying such an ex- alted and so important a position as director of a public school, I cannot refrain from setting Mr. J. B. aright. At first, Mr. J. B. has reference, only to the parochial schools main- tained by the Christian Dutch Re- formed church. However, in the course of his editorial, I quote him to say that “as for schools maintain- ed by other denominations their pur- pose and aims are too well known to need any discussion here.” Mr. J. B. therefore, make a sweeping asser- , tion, and declares that all parochial schools should be closed. From a re- ligious standpoint I defend the cause only of the ChriStian Day school of the Ev. Lutheran church of the Mis- souri Synod. I wish to say at the outset that Mr. J_. B. is either totally uninformed re- garding our parochial schools or that he maliciously casts such judgment upon our schools. The doors of our parochial schools are open --to every- one. Why _don’t you come to see for yourself, Mr. J. B., whether we inculcate Bols-hevistic principles into the minds of our pupils? The very fact that Mr. J. B. knows nothing about our‘ parochial schools accounts for his editorial, and a discussion _ upon this surely would be opportune. That Mr. J. B. displays such a narrow-mindedness regarding the welfare of our country by despis- ing religion is a puzzle to me. Presi- dent Lincoln once said that “what- ever makes a man a good Christian, makes him a good citizen.” All the world over there is a great cry for more spiritual instruction for our youth. I shall quote several para— graphs of the committee report as adopted by the Methodist General ' Conference, which met in Des Moines, Iowa, from May 1 to 27, they read: “We have three and a half millions of children and youths in the Sun- day schools of the Methodist Epis- copal church. This is the largest body of young life under the direc- tion of any Protestant organization in America. If rightly trained in the Christian life, this great body of youth may become the saviors of the world. “The Sunday school alone is not sufficient for this gigantic task. One hour a week on the Sabbath day is not sufficient for such an undertak- ing. More time at a more favorable period under more favorable condi- tions with a trained leadership must be secured if the youth of the church is to be thoroughly trained in the principles and practices of Christian . character. “The public schools is not the so- lution of the problem. In a republic ' like ours where church and‘ state are separate and public fundscannot be appropriated for sectarian purposes, the public school cannot be used as an agency for religious instruction. Some other agency must‘be created. Only one course appears to be open. Week day schools of religion must be ' established wherever practicable, and under the auspices of the religious .‘ agencies of the community where w the children may be regularly taught and trained in the. principles of Christian Conduct. Only in this way can we hope to adequately train the _. youth of the church and the commun- _ ity in the gospel. ” (The Daily Christ— » «131‘» Advocate. Dips.- 388- 530. ) ‘ Mr. J. B., this assembly of men ‘saw the necessity of religious in- __ Should .we then abblish ’ ‘ 1 heel weew in‘ exists . asxff mRepublican had taken a leading ‘. its merits—Editor. The Pro and Con ~of the School Amendment NTEREST is keen in the proposed amendment to abolish parochial I schools, as shown by the. large number of letters received from M. B. F. readers, both pro and con. 'abuse will be published in these columns, without further comment,“ ’ the readers of the Business Farmer already know what our position on the matter is. If further discussion of the subject by the editor is deemed advisable it will be presented in the regular editorial columns. In order to avoid hard feelings between subscribers and neighbors of "different religious faiths let. us be careful to conceal our religious pre- judices as much as possible, and to discuss the proposal strictly upon Such letters as are free of personal Here is another notation' to the same effect from the March 4 issue of the Presbyterian, wherein Rev. E. L. Jones declares that the matter of religious education is “the para-_ mount problem confronting the Pro- testant church today ” Rev. Jones says that the Sunday school "with its maximum of twenty-six hours a year of religious instruction, it is hopelessly inadequate. This no one presumes to ,deny." Rev. Jones then gives the advice that “systematic instruction in the Bible and proper religious instruction in all other studies for five day-s in the week from Sept. until June from the kin- dergarten to the high school be giv- en 1! ‘ Enough said, Mr. J. B. Broad- mlndedness and justice will conquer. “Now I believe it behooves ever-y voter at the coming election to vote upon this question as he sees it, but here is one to vote no on—Athe school .question."—C. R., Tuscola County. FARMER CANDIDATE IN BSTH Under the heading “Clare Farm- ers Put Candidate in the Field” the MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMER prints an endorsement of Senator McRae from the pen of Herbert F. Baker, all of which I endorse, but I don’t want you to overlook the fact that Os- ceola county has presented a real farmer for senator from the 28th district. Hon. John Schmidt served three terms as a member of the lower house of the Michigan legislature, . and has a spotless record as a mem» - @thk's Editorial ber of that body, and by experience and temperament is fitted-for the of- fice of senator.- Mr. Schmidt was born on his Os— ceola county farm, and is now and always has been a farmer, and has no other business, and with his son gives his whole time to farming and cattle raising, he has however found time to help in every worthy cause for the upbuildi-ng of the community, for the advancement of agricultural interests. He took the lead in organ- izing the branch of the Gleaner Clearing House in Reed City, is a member of the Grange and Gleaners, and has taken great interest in the Osceola County Board of Commerce whom you know has done so much for ,the county, is a good business man, and will be a credit not only to the farmers of the district but,to the whole state of Michigan. Inasmuch as you have given some space to the candidates from the 28th senatorial district I hope you can see your way clear to give Mr. Schmidt the credit he deserves and his record as a legislator and a good citizen warrants—M. M. Callaghan, president Osceola County Board of Commerce. We are glad to learn of Mr. Schmidt’s qualifications. The Business Farmer is not interested in the political candidacy of any man except to reflect the senti- ment of the farmers themselves. Who- ever the farmers of the 28th district en- dorse for their senator will be the choice of the Business Farmer. In the absence of any endorsement the Business Farmer will hold aloof from the campaign—Ed- itor_ Enclosed find a clipping from The Successful Farmer, which if it is con- venient I wish you would print in the M. B. F. as it voices just what the most of the people think—W. H., Howard City. AN AMAZED REPUBLICAN I_ am a prohibitionist Republican in a labyrinth of amazement at the course our wise men at Washington have taken upon the great League of‘ Nations document of Versailles. The opportunity for the establish- ing of a great and wonderful code of laws whereby the world might have a lasting peace, has been most un- reasonably, selfishly and enviously defeated and left our great nation outside the circle of the great, hon—' Crable and liberal nations. The only reason that our wise men give for thus banishing our nation is “We do not want to assume any of the responsibility of doing our part in establishing and maintaining Justice and Peace in the world." They want to get into the great show but they want to crawl in under the tent and enjoy the performance Without hav- ing bought their‘ticket. That is the most charitable way we can put it. The, real fact in the case is, the dose of jealousy and envy is mightily working upon their disgruntled and miserable mental faculty. Now, let me tell something that every wise, , thinking. citizen already knows. If. it had been a Republican president who had gone to Europe and was honored and landed and esteemed as was our great Christian President, formulating that great code 1 N- tio those trumpet blowers at Washing- ton would have cheered until the dome of the capitol would have fall- en. They are mighty blowers of trumpets, trumpets of just one tone and that tone in a minor key. They seem to forget that the great culprit nation, Germany, at the very time when she was hard pressed, boldly hove into the ,N. Y. harbor and shot her guns into the .city. In their envy they seem to forget that Germany contributes her defeat to America. In their spite against the “Wilson League of Nations,” they would rather stay outside that envied League and remain as a nation out- side and alone until the time shall surely come when Germany will have recovered from her great defeat, and then she will most assuredly seek and find an opportunity to insult our flag and America will have no friends among the great nations. Do you ask why? I answer: Because the impression over the sea is, we were too selfish to bear our little part to become a member of the brotherhood of nations and we were not worthy of aid or sympathy al- though, that-is not the real cause of our stay-ing "out of the League. The real cause is, a Democrat had the most renowned honor of being in- strumental in its foundation. If a Republican had been sent to Europe and had brought back that great Christian Code then would our Re- publican majority at Washington have signed it and embraced it and la‘uded‘it, though it called for a W.. Wisconsin. standing army in Europe of 500 000 FATHER OF PAROCHIAL SCHOOL AMENDMENT EXPLAINS . Referring to your editorial of June 12th, on the proposed School Amendment, we beg leave to present .. gl’ our view of the question. 1 ,The reference you make to the Constitution, is quite- in keeping with the principles inculcated in this amendment. In the Declaration of Independence it was decreed that all «men were created free and equal, and the Constitution prescribed that each individual worship God according to his own conscience. As Society de- veloped, they saw that it was neces- sary that all children be educated, and with this idea in mind, it was determined that all children should attend school for so many days a year, and so many hours a day. It is impossible and inconceiveable that a State could compel children to at— tend anything but a non- s—ectarian public school, without fostering a re- ligion. If churches had not usurp- ed the authority and duties of the state this question would not be raised. You make the assertion that the proponents of the amendment claim the parochial schools were unpatri- otic, but do not submit any proof. From the Michigan Catholic of March 25th, we quote as follows: “Where there is a question, how- ever, of clashing of rights or prerog- atives, the inferior institution must needs acknowledge the prior rights and prerogative of the superior es- tablishment. In this case Church rights are superior to state rights." Is this the kind of doctrine, with which to instruct future American citizens? You set up three reasons why the amendment should not be passed. First because there is no need of it. There is only one way in which an institution can be properly judged; by its products That is where it is removed from the influence by con- tact and association with products or other things of a like nature. For the last 1, 200 years the great- er part of the world has been under the educational influence of the R0- man Church, and we would like you to point out one example of their efficiency. They have absolute con- trol of education in Quebec, Spain and Mexico, and are fast gaining con- trol in southern Ireland. If we ever hope to have a united democracy, we must have all our citizens educated with principles in sympathy with democracy. It might be well to quote you here from a. Syllabus of Pope Pius IX, which has never been repudiated or denied. “The Church has the right to ex- ercise its authority without having any limit set to it by the civil pow- er. The Church has the right to in- terfere in the discipline of the pub» lic schools and in the arrangement of the studies of the public school.” The last quotation indicates that parochial school interests claim the right to interfere with our public schools. This is in exact keeping with a statement made by Rev. Rincke, who is chairman of the Leg- islative Committee of the Parochial school interests (at a meeting at the Nazareth Lutheran church on June 2nd) to the effect, that he and sev-, eral others on the committee, drew up our present compulsory school laws. This shows conclusively, that these people are carrying out the dictates of the Papacy. _ , Your second' objection is, that the issue smacks ‘of religious intolerance. We cannot see where your contention has any grounds, inasmuch as the . state is absolutely divorced from; creed. All this amendment requires; is the attendance of children in a purely American school for five hours ' a day for 160 to 180 days in a year." “ Surely you will concede that the state has some interest in the child and is entitled to at least that amount? of time, when after deducting sleep- ing hours, the child still has ul‘ 9 hours a day practically three 111 its FORDSON TRArggQR ‘- .- manww “Kw v‘h'h‘ ’- - A \q.‘u‘l“‘~ .......—~ up..- . AnOHvorPlehI-avary ° ~ -~..\.u.~._._ farming need also In. be.- ‘ ‘Ofléned for tb Fm WITH THE a FORE S O N TRACTO R THE ' o D I S C ' HARROW '0' ['7 pf ‘f'. , ‘ Built in savor: to" sin. 1/" f; g ‘ \ -- ' ~ - ~ ' . ‘ , 1" 7" Other sizes for Ipecl'll / {/7 // / ' , 1 . , ' " . 1" - ' ' , mditions'. Complete line m a ‘ ‘ ‘ V ' ‘ _ ' I _' ' , dapeoinfizedfl’aotorapl'ko .‘ - ‘ ' Aooth, opting #90“: unit 19"” orchard barrows. )“fi HAfiE‘” .‘ :g‘j 7/ l7 6. .fl / %? mu. 1 i .5. WITH THE FORDSON TRACTOR THE Amsco TRAcTOR. DRILL “ADE BY AMBMCAN .SEEOING MACHINE €9- \. " ‘3" ’ "(min - 'h‘ w. . thishod in plain grain or combined grain and for- “ur otylea, and rid! m or.“ M Power Farmmq Brings the Greatest Profit The farmers of America are appre- ciating more fully each day the in- creased profits that come from power farming. The army of Ford-» {son owners now numbers 100,000 and is continually growing in size. Fordson farming is profitable be- cause it is practical—because the implements are designed for the i 'work which they must do. Whether it is plowing with an Oliver mould- board or disc plow, discing the stub- hle and the plowed field with the Roderick Lean Automa t1c Disc Harrow, or seeding with the Amsco Drill— these specially built tools serve best the needs of Fordson farmers. Throughout the country more than 8,000 Ford- son dealers can supply you with these special- . ized farm implements. The service which they offer you is secondary in .value Only to the implements them- selves, for it is your assurance of the continuous successful operation of your power farming equipment. There can be no costly delays in your farming program with such a nationo wide service at your call. See the Fordson Dealer "in your town. ‘ Diuributors Fordton implements S. W. Raymond Auto Sales Co., Adrian, Michigan . Addison Ford 8: Son, Dearborn, Mich. Hubbeil Auto Sales Co., Saginaw, Michigan . Bryant-Sarjant Co., Grand Rapids and _ Traverse City, Michigan E. G. Kingsler‘d, Iron Mountain, Michigan <.m~:g...... m 4-. a ;-~,r, “min : r ,‘ 3523:. s, a w. J} [ill/i} J!“ '43; ERY OFTEN we think of Wo- men’s Clubs as being just sort .1 of social centers where those , who have more time to spare than they know what to do with, congre- gate, and theorize. However, this is not always true, nor are these ‘ ’ clubs always card clubs nor literary clubs. Many are grganized for the betterment of the community in ‘which they live and as everyone knows that an exchange of ideas is to be desired where vital questions are considered, these clubs are serv- ing a very vital need. Recently delegates from the lead- ing Business Women’s Clubs through- out the country held a convention. There we're speakers there from every part ofthe land who had made a specialty of their particular branch of work, and they were there to tell the other how it had been accom— plished. Women are in business every- where, and they are in to stay. Where the woman has home duties to per- form, she has a God—given task, but not every woman has a home of her own. Many are out in the business world forging their own way, and it remains for the women who have beaten the trail to, show those who are unfamiliar, the way. The report of Miss E. L. Spoor, of the Detroit Business Women’s Club is so interesting that I know a great many of our readers would be able to glean helpful hints therefrom, so I am going to give you just a few of the most forceful .points made by the several speakers, as reported by her: Miss Audie V. Gronbery, of Grand Rapids, Investigator for Mother’s Pension Fund, told of the develop- ment of this fund, of the immense amount of good it was doing for its beneficiaries, keeping the mothers at home caring for their children, but she showed how entirely inadequate it now is in many cases and advo- cated some plan which should be brought forward by the united efforts of the women of the state so that a law might be enacted in Michigan equal to that of any other state. Miss Lena Madesin Phillips, of New York, who is executive Secre- tary, of the National Federation of Business and Professional Women, used as her topic the “Open Road.” She urged women to play the game as men play it, keeping to the rules of the road. To quit asking for rights and retain their privileges. She said women should have courage to follow their own judgment, that they 1st stop worrying about details and f eling that they alone are carrying the whole responsibility of the bus- iness in which they are engaged. “Do the big things and leave the details to others." “Cultivate true fellow- ship and eliminate all personality and petty gossip.” She said further that some women enjoy martyrdom. We must stop enjoying our misery. Insist that pay for women in busi- ness be based on service, not on sex. But be big enough then to fill your job. In closing she pictured women marching down the broad highway, the trail that has been blazed by the pioneers in business life, and run- ning on ahead is a black cat, con- stantly looking back, but always keeping ahead until it disappears from sight. Hereafter as women ac- quire a broader view and a clearer vision there will be no more catty .ways and methods. Miss Jessie Ackerman, of Chicago, said: “Woman is the reserve force of the world, and the Lord has called ,h-is forces out to prevent the moral losses to humanity. Women in the cum have fitted children for the orld, and LOW they must go out and fit the world for the children. Women should preach Christian citizenship. ” The New Fatherland” was the n ject treated by Miss Harriet Vit- tn University Settlement, and oh ‘, of Chicago, head resident North-z , in 2. position to. know ., The Farm A Department for the Women Edited by CLARE NORRIS - her subject. She said in “There is no gift like citizenship, but like all gifts it brings its price. Whether we are worthy citizens will not be known until we have lived our life story. We must improve our home education system before we try to transplant it to another land. Another thing left for Women to do is to wipe out the imaginary line be- tween capital and labor. After all the so-called unrest is mostly in the minds of those who have never been classed as laboring, peopn. We are frightfully worried because the la- part: ’ B. Marsh of the Good I—Ibusekeeping Institute Stair. Can I join my family at church on Sunday when there, is a hearty dinner to prepare?’ This is a ques- tion many women are asking them- selves and the answer is ‘.‘yes.” Make a few preparations, go to church— then cook your dinner afterward, a dinner that is simple,.yet hearty and tasty. Simplicity should be the key- note of the Sunday dinner. j Save your more complicated meat, vegetables and desserts for the week day meals when time is not so great “E’s t. } society. lished. They are: shut in.” the great are small.” and the child’s paradise.” are treated the best." V What Is Home ? Eight hundred replies came to _ a London magazine which asked the question, “What is home?’? were were written by persons representing all classes of They emanated from homes of refinement and wealth, and frOm those of crudeness and poverty. Seven which the editor called “gems,” were selectcd and pub- “Home—A world of strife shut out, a world .of love “Home—The place where the small are great and “Home—The father s kingdom, the mother’s world, “Home—The place where we grumble the most and “Home—The center of our affection, round which our heart’s best wishes twine. " “Home—-The place where our stomachs get three square meals daily and our hearts a thousand.” “Home—The only place on earth where the faults and failings of humanity are hidden under the sweet mantle of charity.”—William J. Hart. These ans- boring man has at last his chance. There are two ways to abuse citizen- ship—one is not to vote, and the other is to use the vote for ulterior . motives.‘ One of the great needs of today is for a minister of education in our federal government. We must have an efficient educational system, and should this be accomplished pub- lic education would earn its title to the backbone of the nation. Schools are today turning out pupils unfit; 300,000 babies die every year in the United States, and there is no ques- tion but that if the mothers were properly educated in the most vital questions of life many of these babies through intelligent care and feeding could be saved. And this should be taught in the public schools. And it is the women who must demand it if it is ever taught. Some day the motherhood of the land, potential or actual, will rally to the rescue of these young lives that are needlessly sacrificed. Set modest standards of dress, dress that will adorn and not caricature." HOME COOKING ANY OF OUR readers have miss- ed the excellent articles on Home Cooking which for some time were a regular feature of this page. It is with pleasure that we announce a new series. Miss Eliza- beth Mathewson, included in your dinner. an item nor rest so essential. In their place serve broiled or baked chops, steak, small roasts or fish, which require little or no preparation and little time for cooking. Sim- plify the vegetable courses by avoid- ing all scalloped or creamed dishes, which take so much time to prepare. Serve carrots, turnips, celery, and such vegetables in their simplest form, that is either whole, sliced or diced, according to the vegetable; when properly cooked and delicately seasoned with salt, pepper, paprika, butter, etc., you will not miss the more elaborate dishes, and it sup- plies the variety which is always so important. Frequently serve from ,your store of canned or home pre- served vegetables. These are cook- ed and require only reheating and proper seasoning to beready for the table. ‘A salad may or may not be A salad of crisp lettuce 1s simple but appetiz- ing, for variety other vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, etc., may be added. ‘ At all times fruit is an acceptable dessert, particularly as a quick-time dessert. The fruit may be served as it comes from the market or, if pre- ferred, it may be .cut up, slightly sweetenedand served plain or with cream. Sliced oranges, bananas, and canned pineapple make a delicious com!!! )1 a t i o n of the staff of the Grand Rap i d s high schools, has secured for us everal article 3 as it passes—— :ach from the. Something to live for and pen of an expert in her particular line on this sub- b, n b . pineapple ‘ m ay ject: The, first rnuufg'gn: “mu; you through be prepared ear. appears in this r you! 01' endeavor: t 1y. and are im- issue. _ , . 3mg. tyingu'euvgcuelrss may no come proved by stand- . The, Sunday But nothing can some a climber . ing an hpnr on , Dinner two in the cooler, ,‘- ‘ Recognition is made to Dorothy Weekly Cheer '- Start the day right and you’ll find thing to love: View not ethe future through indigo 'Noto‘ “no bright streams and the Start otho day right 1131!:an to]: when sweetened and sprink l e d with cocoanu t, little time it takes to, prepare such a dessert. The orange and .0130- nnd ~.you’re ' elbows. and yet what a- cocoanut is a matter of but a few ‘ minutes. In winter halves of grape fruit and in summer pieces of melon . suggest time-saving desserts. When , fresh fruit is scarce use your own } canned fruit orthat commercially -I canned. Very" nice canned apricots are for sale at most stores and offer "a variety from the Michigan fruits. Serve fit as a sauce, either plain or- topped with whipped cream. Sudh a dessert served with home made cook- ies or cake cannot be surpassed. An"- other satisfactory drish is to use cake that is becoming dry by pouring over it a soft custard. This not only is a form of ecqnomy but makes a very satisfactry dessert. And so it should be with -yout Sunday dinner, from the first course to the last, wholesome, tasty, plenty ‘ of everything, yet simple and at- tractive. Nothing simplifies the Sun— day dinner problem so much as a ‘ tireless ecoker, and those who own. one are especially appreciative on ' Sunday. Following are a few menus for suggestions: Fix-ole" Cooker Dinner Baked Ham Boiled Pot-ton Buttered Carrot Cold Slaw Bread Pudding, $W'hipped Cream ‘Oven Dinner Broiled Lamb Chops Mashed Potatoes Fruit Cookies Bong. Dinner Hamburg Steak Lettuce Salad - Tapioca with Cream , SEEN IN CITY SHOPS BOUT the most fashionable sum. mer goods one can buy, and in— cidentally about the most scarce and expensive at the present time, is navy blue dotted swiss. The dots are‘ embroidered on and therefore will not run. It is cool and very good looking when simply made, white organdie being most favored as to trim. The hems continue to be very deep in the skirts—how fortun- ate for next year skirts will undoubt— edly be longer and that deep hem will come in handy. ‘ We used to think that babies from the mere infant stage to five or six years of age «must be dressedentire— ly in white, but nowadays even kid- dies’" clothes change as to style. Cery dainty too are the little organdie frocks they are fashioning. this year of the very delicate pastel shades. And babies sleeves tOO are short—— mere puffs which display the dimpled I saw a dear little child of only eighteen months wearing a flesh colored organdie dress with a bonnet- like hat to match, the hon- net being tied with ribbons of two colors—blue of the daintiest shade onone side and the flesh pink on the reverse side—very Frenchy indeed for such a tiny miss. And the moth- er Confided in me that she had want- ed such a dear little one in a light shade of yellow but When she pnic- ed it, the shops wanted $12 for it— just think of it for a baby dress— and so she had bought a yard of goods—a bit of ribbon and was go- ing to make it herself. The long, pointed shoes are doom- ed—irtheir death knell has been sound"- ed by the shoe manufacturers—we know it from the fact that the shops are selling them at greatly reduced prices Fall will see the. round toes and low heels. There is no denying the fact that the long last shoes are ’ most attractive A HELPFUL HINT . AVE THE inside Wrappers of cracker bOxes—athey are heavily - waxed and excellent to use to wrap stamps in. Many times when making small remittances it is more ., ~ convenient to send stamps, but they will net he accepted if theyare stuck“. together or to the letter .- 1-61“ on ope; and i! . ill 11: t tn" - "8° hilly d 21' yourself to the first woman a white skin who presented her- . You are jealous," he charged, and , knew a heart throb of joy as she nod- ‘ - d’ed. “And I grant you are jealOus; ‘but at the same time, exercising the woman' s prerogative of lying, 'you are lying now. What I did, was not done eagerly nor gladly. I did it for your sake and my sake—or for- Hen- ry’ s sake, rather. Thank God, I have a man’ s honor still left to me !" Man's honor does not always sat- isfy women,” she replied. "Would you prefer me dishonor- able ” he was swift on the uptake. “I am only a woman who loves, " she pleaded. “You are a wasp,” he raged, fair.” ”Is any woman fair when . she loves?" she made the great confes- sion and acknowledgment. “Men may succeed in living in their heads of honor; but know, and as a humble woman I humbly state my woman- hood, that woman lives only in her heart of love. " “Perhaps you are right. Honor, like arithmetic, can be reasoned, cal- culated. Which leaves a woman no morality, but only. “Only moods, ” Leoncia completed abjectly for him. Calls from Henry and the Queen put an end to the conversation, for Leoncia and Francis quickly joined the others in gazing at the great web. "Did you ever see so monstrous a web. "’ Leoncia exclaimed. “I’d‘ like to see the monster that stinging, female “and you are not 1 . .. . ‘ik , _. ., By JACK LONDON Author of the “Valley of the Moon,” and other stories. A, tere‘d .n‘iy Head to decor izen of the web, a monstrous spider, still wriggling with departing life, shot through and through again and The solid center of its body, from which the legs radiated, was the size of a normal waste basket,‘ and the substantial density of it crunched audibly as it struck on shoulders and back, re- bounded, the hairy legs still help- lessly quivering, and pitched down into the wave crisping wa-.ter All four pair of eyes watched the corpse of it plunge against the wall of rock, ’ suck down, and disappear. “Where there’s one, two,” said Henry, looking dubiously up toward the daylight. “It is the only way," again. Francis' Queen. "Come, time see it." Her arms open in invitation, Fran- cis could not decline. “It is a hole in the sheer wall of a precipice a thousand feet deep " he explained to the others the glimpse - he had caught from beyond the spid- er web, as he clasped the Queen in his arm and leaped 011'. my husband, each in the other-'s arms let us win thru the darkness to the sun-bright world. Remember, I have never seen it, and soon, with you, shall I for the first riflce?" she demanded. “Because . . .” looked at her wonderingly. pleted. tached. mistaken, pretty well satisfied bridegroom.” VHNO'II phaticaily. “He has a order not to hurt her feelings." “Oh, I don’t know. there are said the why shouldn't he ? a quick movement, she demanded: “How do you love me? love me madly? badly madly? you, and more, more?" and more, He could only look his bewilder- “Why did you accept Francis’ sac- He paused and "Because I wanted you," he com- “Because I was engaged to you as well, while Francis was unat- Besides, if I’m not greatly Francis appears to be a she shook her head em- chlvalrous spirit, and he is acting his part in Remember, before the altar, at the Long House, when I said I was going to ask the Queen to marry me, that he bragged she wouldn' t marry me if I did ask? Well, the conclusion’s pretty obvious _ that he wanted her for himself. And He’s a bachelor. And she's some nice woman herself.” “But Leoncia scarcely heard. With leaning back in his arms away from him so that she could look him squarely in the eyes, Do you Do you love me Do I mean that to and answer, “but it would. u . ) way; . Why, . you're. e .for me. Rather;wo ' ‘ ’~ . as loving you deeply, and gm and enduringly. Why you see much a part of me that I feel a as if I had always known you was that way from the first“ hated her from the first. ” “My! What a spitflre. I 1:». think how much you would have “We’d better follow them, ” put an end to the discussion. And Henry, very much baptist clasped her tightly and leaped into the white turmoil of water. On the bank of the Gualaca Riv, sat two Indians girls fishing; J~u up stream from them arose the p cipitous cliff of one of the buttresses of the lofty mountains. The main stream flowed past in chocolate eol— : ored spate; but, directly beneath' them, where they fished, was a quiet, eddy. No less quiet was the fishing. No bites jerked their rods in token that the bait was enticing. One of them, Nicoya, yawned, ate a banana _ yawned again, and held the skin she was about to cast aside suspended in“. her hand. “We have been very quiet, Con— cordia,” she observed to her companq-a ion, “and it has won us no fish. Nowg, shall I make a noise and a splash. Since they say ‘what comes up -must‘ come down,’ why should not some- thing come up after something has made it, " Henry said. "And I'd rather see than be it " Francis paraphrased from the “Pur- ple Cow. ” “It is our good fortune that we do not have to go that way, " the Queen said. All looked inquiry at her, and she pointed down to the stream. _ “That is the way," she said. “I know it. Often and often, in my mir- ror of the World, have I seen the way. When my mother died and was buried in the whirlpool, I followed her body in the Mirror, and I saw it come to this placeland go by this place still in the water." “But she was dead," Leoncia ob- jected quickly. The rivalry between them fanned instantly. “One of my spearmen," the Queen -went on quietly, “a handsome youth, alas, dared to look at me as a lover. He was flung in alive. I watched him, too, in the Mirror. When he came to this place he climbed out. I saw him crawl under the web to the day, and I saw him retreat back-- ward froni the day and throw him- self into the stream." “Anqther dead one,” Henry de- manded grimly. “No; for I followed him on in the Mirror, and though all was darkness for a time and I could see nothing, in the end, and shortly, under the sun he emerged into the bosom of a large river, and swam to shore, and climbed the bank—it was the left bank as I remember well—and dis- appeared among large trees such as do not grow in the Valley of the Lost Souls." But, like Torres, the rest of them recoiled fnom thought of the dark plunge through the living rock. , “These are the bones of animals and of men," the Queen warned, “who were daunted by the way of the water and who strove to gain the sun. Men. there are there—behold! Or at least what remains of them for a space, the bones. ere, in time, the bones too, pass into nothingness." “Even so," said Francis, “I sud- denly discover a pressing need to look into the eye of the sun. Do the rest of you remain here while I in- vestigate. " Drawing his automatic, the water- tightness of the cartridges a guar- art-tee, he crawled under the web. The moment he had disappeared from view beyond the web, they heard him begin to shoot. Next, they saw him as backgrd', . still ghooting 1 — Henry had gathered Leoncia to meat, , gone down? I am going to try. him and was about to leap, when she “Do you?-——do you?" she urged There i" ' stopped him- passionately. (Continued on page 20) rm: men or ouaurv Look for the ROWENA . trade-mark on the sack Scientifically Milled to Retain Utmost Food Value There is more to the production of flour than the women who transform it into delicious bread and pastry have any idea. Infinite pains and conscientious methods have made Lily White “The Flour the Best Cooks Use” Only the choicest wheat is used. It would be a revelation to wo- men to see the amount of dirt, chaff and undesirable materials Four cleanings, three scourings and afinal washing precede the first break. Nothing but the “goodies”—the nutrition values remain. These are milled to a beautiful, clean whiteness. Close inspection by that are removed from every kernel of wheat. experts at every stage. LILY WHITE quality has been maintained for nearly sixty Without fear of contradiction we say that it is not only good, but is the finest flour. that it is possible to make. years. And that is the one reason why it makes bread, b s“ tits and rolls that are good locking, of excellent volume, wholesome, nu- tritious and healthy. Satisfaction positivelv guaranteed. VALLEY CITY MILLING CO. GRAND RAPIDS. MICHIGAN “Miler: for Sixty Years" AV? mm! x“ I at: i I \‘ ‘X-l-IY‘ ‘i ERY OFTEN we think of Wo- men’s Clubs as being just sort of social centers where those who have more time to spare than they know what to do with, congre— gate, and theorize. However, this is not always true, nor are these 'clubs always card clubs nor literary clubs. Many are organized for the .betterment of the community in which they live and as everyone knows that an exchange of ideas is to be desired where vital questions are considered, these clubs are serv- ing a very vital need. Recently delegates from the lead- ing Business Women’s Clubs through- out the country held a convention. There were speakers there from every part of‘the land who had made a specialty of their particular branch of work, and they were there to tell the other how it had been accom~ plished. Women are in business every- _ where, and they are in to stay. Where the woman has home duties to per- form, she has a God-given task, but not every woman has a home of her own. Many are out in the business world forging their own way, and it remains for the women who have beaten the trail to, show those who are unfamiliar, the way. ' The report of Miss E. L. Spoor, of the Detroit Business Women’s Club is so interesting that I know a great many of our readers would be able to glean helpful hints therefrom, so I am going to give you just a few of the most forceful .points made by the several speakers, as reported by her: Miss Audie V. Gronbery, of Grand Rapids, Investigator for Mother’s Pension Fund, told of the develop- ment of this fund, of the immense amount of good it was doing for its beneficiaries, keeping the mothers at home caring for their children, but she showed how entirely inadequate it now is in many cases and advo- cated some plan which should be brought forward by the united efiorts of the women of the state so that a law might be enacted in Michigan equal to that of any other state. Miss Lena Madesin Phillips, of New York, who is executive Secre- tary of the National Federation of Business and Professional Women, used as her topic the “Open Road.” She urged women to play the game as men play it, keeping to the rules of the road. To quit asking for rights and retain their privileges. She said women should have courage to follow their own judgment, that they must stop worrying about details and feeling that they alone are carrying the whole responsibility of the bus- iness in which they are engaged. “Do the big things and leave the details to others.” “Cultivate true fellow- ship and eliminate all personality and petty gossip.” She said further that some women enjoy martyrdom. We must stop enjoying our misery. Insist that pay for women in busi- ness be based on service, not on sex. But be big enough then to fill your job. In closing she pictured women marching down the broad highway, the trail that has been blazed by the pioneers in business life, and run- ning on ahead is a black cat, con- stantly looking back, but always keeping ahead until it disappears from sight. Hereafter as women ac- quire a broader view and a clearer vision there will be no more catty ways and methods. Miss Jessie Ackerman, of Chicago, said: "Woman is the reserve force _.9_f the world, and the Lord has called his forces out to prevent the moral losses to humanity. Women in the “home have fitted children for the world, and LOW they must go out and fit the world for the children. Women ‘ should preach Christian citizenship." ' “The New Fatherland” was the blast tieated by Miss Harriet Vit- western University Settlement, and is in a position to, know tum, of Chicago, head resident North: , The Farm Home Mm A D (apartment for the Women Edited by CLARE NORRIS - her subject. She said in part: “There is no gift like citizenship, but like all gifts it brings its price. Whether we are worthy citizens will not be known until we have lived our life story. We’ must improve our home education system before- we try to transplant it to another land. Another thing left for women to do is to wipe out the imaginary line be- tween capital and labor. After all the so-called unrest is mostly in the minds of those who have never been classed as laboring, peopE. We are frightfully worried because the la- B. Marsh of the Good Hbusekeeping Institute Staff. Can I join my family at church on Sunday when there is a hearty dinner to prepare? This is a ques- tion many women are asking them- selves and the answer is “yes.” Make a few preparations, go to church—— then cook your dinner afterward, a dinner that is simple,.yet hearty and tasty. Simplicity should be the key- note of the Sunday dinner. 5 Save your more complicated meat, vegetables and desserts for the week day meals when time is not so great \‘ - ' g 04> if . \“~- 9W *4." V : "ww lished. They are: shut in." the great are small.” and the child’s paradise.” are treated the best.” What Is Home ? Eight hundred replies came to a London magazine which asked the question, “What is home?’f wers were written by persons representing all classes of MI society. They emanated from homes of refinement and " wealth, and from those of crudeness and poverty. Seven which the editor called .“gems,” were selected and pub- “Home——A world of strife shut out, a world of love “Home—The place where the small are great and “Home—The fathers kingdom, the mother’s world, “Home—The place where we grumble the most and “Home—The center of our affection, round which our heart’s best wishes twine. ” “Home—The place where our stomachs get three square meals daily and our hearts a thousand.” “Home—The only place on earth where the faults and failings of humanity are hidden under the sweet mantle of charity. "—\Villiam J. Hart. These ans- boring man has at last his chance. There are two ways to abuse citizen- ship—one is not to vote, and the other is to use the vote for ulterior ~ motives.‘ One of the great needs of today is for a minister of education in our federal government. We must have an efficient educational system, and should this be accomplished pub- lic education would earn its title to the backbone of the nation. Schools are today turning out pupils unfit; 300,000 babies die every year in the United States, and there is no ques- tion but that if the mothers were properly educated in the most vital questions of life many of these babies through intelligent care and feeding could be saved. And'this should be taught in the public schools. And it is the women who must demand it if it is ever taught. Some day the motherhood of the land, potential or actual, will rally to the rescue of these young lives that are needlessly sacrificed. Set modest standards of dress, dress that will adorn and not caricature.” HOME COOKING ANY OF OUR readers have miss- ed the excellent articles on Home Cooking which for some time were a regular feature of this page. It is with pleasure that we announce a new series. Miss Eliza- beth Mathewson, an item nor rest so essential. In their place serve broiled or baked chops, steak, small roasts or fish, which require little or no preparation and little time for cooking. Sim- plify the vegetable courses by avoid- ing all scalloped or creamed dishes, which take so much time to prepare. Serve carrots, turnips, celery, and such vegetables in their simplest form, that is either whole, sliced or diced, according to the vegetable; when properly cooked and delicately seasoned with salt, pepper, paprika, butter, etc., you will not miss the more elaborate dishes, and it sup- plies the variety which is always so important. Frequently serve from your store of canned or home pre- served vegetables. These are cook- ed and require only reheating and proper seasoning to beready for the table. 'A salad may or may not be included in your dinner. A salad of crisp lettuce 1s Simple but appetiz— ing, for variety other vegetables such as tomatoes, cucumbers, etc., may be added. At all times fruit is an acceptable dessert, particularly as a quick-time dessert. The fruit may be served as it comes from the market or, if pre- ferred, it may be .cut up, slightly sweetened and served plain or with cream. Sliced oranges, bananas, and canned pineapple make a delicious com!” 11 a t i o n of the staff of the Grand Rap i d s high schools, has secured for us veral article 8 as it passes— :Zch from thé Something to live for and pen of an expert in her particular lino, on this sub- ject. The, flI‘St Failure may mock you gunman in this Fame and success may not come ssue' , at your will; The S u n d a y But nothing can hallo a climber Di ' forever ,nner Start the day right RecognitiOn is half 1111 the hill. made to Dorothy Weekly Cheer - Start the day right and you'll find thing to love; View lnot ethe future through Indigo Notex lthee bright streams and the ' blue sky above. years of endeavor; 1y, when sweetened and sprinkled with cocoanu t, and yet what a little time it takes to prepare such a. dessert. The orange and pineapple may be prepared ear- and are im- proved by stand- come- through and .you're .. and the add ‘ ing an hpur or, two in the sealer, ‘ " 91' Janna; and cocoanut is a matter of but a few ' minutes. In winter halves of grape fruit and in summer pieces of melon . suggest time-saving desserts. When , fresh fruit is scarce use your own ~ cannedvfruit or that commercially E canned. Very‘nice canned apricots are for sale at most stores and offer 'a variety from the Michigan fruits. Serve'it as a sauce, either plain or topped with whipped cream. Sudh a dessert served with home made cook- ies or cake cannot be surpassed. An- ; other satisfactory dish is to use cake that is becoming dry by pouring over it a soft custard. ,This not only is a form of ecqnomy but makes a very satisfactry dessert. And so it should be with ~your Sunday dinner, from the first course to the last, wholesome, tasty, plenty ‘ of everything, yet simple and at- tractive. Nothing simplifies the Sun- day dinner problem so much as ,. a - tireless cooker, and those who own. one are especially appreciative on ‘ Sunday. Following are a. few menus for suggestions: Flreless Cooker Dinner Baked Ham Boiled Potatoes Buttered Carrot Cold Slaw Bread Pudding, hipped Cream Owen Dinner Broiled Lamb Chops Mashed Potatoes Fruit Cookies Bang. Dinner Hamburg Steak Lettuce Salad ~ Tapioca with Cream . SEEN IN CITY SHOPS BOUT the most fashionable sum- mer goods one can buy, and in- cidentally about the most scarce and expensive at the present time, is navy blue dotted swiss. The dots are' embroidered on and therefore will not run. It is cool and very good' looking when simply made, white organdie being most favored as to trim. The hems continue to be very deep in the skirts—how fortun- ate for next year skirts will undoubt- edly be longer and that deep hem will come in handy. ' We used to think that babies from the mere infant stage to five or six years of age must be dressed entire- ly in white, but nowadays even kid- dies’ clothes change as to style. Cery dainty too are the little organdio frocks they are fashioning this year of the very delicate pastel shades. And babies sleeves tea are short— mere puffs which display the difnpled elbows. I saw a dear little child of only eighteen months wearing a flesh colored organdie dress with a bonnet like hat to match, the bon— net being tied with ribbons of two colors—blue of the daintiest shade onone side and the flesh pink on the reverse side—very Frenchy indeed for suCh a tiny miss. And the moth- er conflded in me that she had want— ed such a dear little one in a. light shade of yellow but when she pric- ed it, the shops wanted $12 for it— just think of it for a baby dress— and so she had bought a yard of goods—a bit of ribbon and was go- ing to make it herself. The long, pointed shoes are doom- ed—itheir death knell has been sound- ed by the shoe manufacturers—we know it from the fact that the shops are selling them at greatly reduced prices. Fall will see the round toes and low heels. There is no denying the fact that the long last shoes are most attractive A HELPFUL HINT . AVE THE inside wrappers of cracker boxes—they are heavily - waxed and excellent to use to. , wrap stamps in. Many times when making small remittances it is more convenient top-send stamps, but they will not be accepted if they are stuck _ , together or to the letter or envelope, ‘ ‘ and if you will curt theéspi nside wrap-y, " "~< “his,” I'“You are jealous," he charged, and knew a heart throb of joy as she nod- - dell. “And I grant you are‘jealous; 'but at the same time, exercising the woman’s prerogative of lying, '{vou are lying now. What I did, was not done eagerly nor gladly. I did it for _ your sake and my sake—er forAHen- ry's sake, rather. Thank God, I have a man's honor still left to me !" Man's honor does not always eat- isfywomen,” she replied. “Would you prefer me dishonor- able " he was swift on the uptake. “I am only a woman who loves," she pleaded. “You are a stinging, female wasp,” he raged, “and you are not fair.” ‘ “Is any woman fair when . she loves?" she made the great confes- sion and acknowledgment. “Men may succeed in living in their heads of honor; but know, and as a humble woman I humbly state my woman- hood, that woman lives only in her heart of love.” “Perhaps you are right. Honor, like arithmetic, can be reasoned, cal- culated. Which leaves a woman no morality, but only . . . ” “Only moods,” Leoncia completed abjectly for him. Calls from Henry and the Queen put an end to the conversation, for Leoncia and Francis. quickly joined the others in gazing at the great web. “Did you ever see so monstrous a web 1” Leoncia exclaimed. “I’d- like to see the monster that made it," Henry said. "And I'd rather see than -be it," Francis paraphrased from the “Pur- ple Cow.” “It is our good fortune that we do not have to go that way,” the Queen said. All looked inquiry at her, and she pointed down to the stream: "That is the way," she said. “I know it. Often and often, in my mir- ror of the World, have I seen the way. When my mother died and was buried in the whirlpool, I followed her body in the Mirror, and I saw it come to this place and go by this place still in the water.” “But she was dead," Leoncia ob- jected quickly. The rivalry between them fanned instantly. "One of my spearmen," the Queen ‘went on quietly, “a handsome youth, alas, dared to look at me as a lover. He was flung in alive. I watched him, too, in the Mirror. When he came to this place he climbed out. I saw him crawl under the web to the day, and I saw him retreat back- ward from the day and throw him- self into the stream." "Anqther dead one," Henry de-. manded grimly. “No; for I followed him on in the Mirror, and though all was darkness for a time and I could see nothing, in the end, and shortly, under the sun he emerged into the bosom of a large river, and swam to shore, and climbed the bank—it was the left bank as I remember well—and dis- appeared among large trees such as do not grow in the Valley of the Lost Souls.” But, like Torres, the rest of them recoiled from thought of the dark plunge through the living rock. “These are the bones of animals and of men," the Queen warned, “who were daunted by the way of the water and who strove to gain the sun. Men there are there—behold! Or at least what remains of them for a space, the bones, ere, in time, the bones too, pass into no-thingness." “Even so,” said Francis, “I sud- denly discover a pressing need to look into the eye of the sun. Do the rest of you remain here while I in- vestigate." , . _ Drawing his automatic, the water- tightness ,of the cartridges a guar- antee, he crawled under the web. The moment he had disappeared from view beydnd the web, they heard him begin .‘to shoot. Next, they saw'him retreating aback-ward, still shooting. - ) it’d; ext falling upon him,» -‘two V ' fr 'bleickvhaired‘ ‘ leg-21 ‘“‘ .. " muons. . -- carts Po , , “By JACK LONDON . Author of the “Valley of the Moon.” and other stories. izen of the web, a monstrous spider, still wriggling with departing life, shot through and through again and again. The solid center of its body, from which the legs radiated, was the size of a normal waste basket,‘ and the substantial density of it crunched audibly as it struck on Francis' shoulders and back, re- bounded, the hairy legs still help- lessly quivering, and pitched down into the wave crisping water. All four pair of eyes watched the corpse of it plunge against the wall of rock, suck down, and disappear. "Where there's one, there are two," said Henry, looking dubiously up toward the daylight. “It is the only way," said the Queen. “Come, my husband, each in the other's arms let us win thru the darkness to the sun-bright world. Remember, I have never seen it, and soon, with you, shall I for the first time see it." Her arms open in invitation, Fran- cis could not decline. “It is a hole in the sheer wall of a precipice a thousand feet deep," he explained to the others the glimpse . he had caught from beyond the spid- er web, as he clasped the Queen in his arm and leaped oif. Henry had gathered Leoncia to him and was about to leap, when she stopped him. “Why did you accept Francis' sac- rifice?" she demanded. “Because . . .” He paused and looked at her wonderingly. “Because I wanted you,” he com- pleted. “Because I was engaged to you as well, while Francis was unat- tached. Besides, if I’m not greatly mistaken, Francis appears to be a pretty well satisfied bridegroom.” -“No," she shook her head em- phatically. “He has a chivalrous spirit, and he is acting his part in order not to hurt her feelings." “Oh, I don't know. Remember, before the altar, at the Long House, when I said I was going to ask the Queen to marry me, that he bragged she‘wouldn't marry me if I did ask? Well, the conclusion's pretty obvious that he wanted her for himself. And why shouldn’t be? He's a bachelor. And she's some nice woman herself." “But Leoncia scarcely heard. With a quick movement, leaning back in his arms away from him so that. she could look him squarely in the eyes, she demanded: “How do you love me? Do you love me madly? Do you love me badly madly? Do I mean that to you, and more, and more, and more?" He could only look his bewilder- ment. . “Do you'I—do you?" she urged passionately. area my 's‘iie _ ware . Why; axon? stor- me. ,Rather and ,enduri'ngly. .WIhY, you 9613) much a part of me that I- feel? _ as if I had always known you was that way from the first)“; “She is an abominable ,on Leoncia broke forth irrelevafi. hated her from the first.” “My! What a spitflre. I he think how much you would havfl ed her had I married her lnste Francis." 3 ,5. "We'd better follow them,“ put an end to the discussion. " A/nd Henry, very much bepu é clasped her tightly and leaped? into the white turmoil of water." On the bank of the Gualaca R it! sat two Indians girls flshing.‘ .Jus up stream from them arose the p‘ , cipitous cliff of one of the buttresses of the lofty mountains. The main. stream flowed past in chocolate col- ored spate; but, directly beneath, them, where they fished, was a quiet ‘ eddy. No less quiet was the fishing. No bites jerked their rods in token that the bait was enticing. One of them, Nicoya, yawned, ate a banana yawned again, and held the skin she was about to cast aside suspended in . her hand. ‘ “We have been very quiet, Con-»- cordia,” she observed to her compan-- ion, ”and it has won us no fish. Now shall I make a noise and a splash. Since they say ‘what comes up ~must come down,’ why should not some- thing come up after something has gone down? I am going to try. There 1" (Continued on page 20) Look for the ROWENA . trade-mark on the sack THE SIGN OF QUALITV Scientifically Milled to Retain Utmost Food Value There is more to the production of flour than the women who transform it into delicious bread and pastry have any idea. Infinite pains and conscientious methods have made Lily White “The Flour the Best Cooks Use” Only the choicest Wheat is used. It would be a revelation to wo- men to see the amount of dirt, chaff and undesirable materials that are removed from every kernel of wheat. three scourings and afinal washing precede the first break. Nothing but the “goodies”—-—the nutrition values remain. These are milled to a beautiful, clean whiteness. Close inspection by experts at every stage. ‘ LILY WHITE quality has been maintained for nearly sixty years. Without fear of contradiction we say that it is not only good, but is the finest flour that it is possible to make. And that is the one reason why it makes bread, biscuits and rolls that are good locking, of excellent volume, wholesome, nu- tritious and healthy. Satisfaction positivelv guaranteed. VALLEY CITY MILLING CO. GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN “Millers for Sixty Years" Four cleanings, ' EAR CHILDREN: I was so dis- ‘appointed when the flags which ‘ I ordered for prizes did not “ reach me in time to get them to their winners by the Fourth of July. How- ever. there are so many days when the flag is displayed as we learned from the letters sent in, that we will still have plenty of opportunity to use them. Many letters which were excellent were received after the prizes had been awarded and the let- as. sent in to the printers—we real~ lrhsgo to get our page: all set up a In: time before it is in your hands you, know. By the time you receive at paper. the page for next week wlll unborn type. so yousee we have to plan ahead for what we are to have. Some good stories have been re- ceived in the. contest for original 5 stories, but they were too long—— they would have taken more space than we can allow any one contribut- or, so we had to omit them in order to give space to just as many at our little correspondents as possible, and me printer has promised if we have space to crowd in a short little dog story this week. Affectionately yours—AUNT CLARE. DOG’S LONG TON GUES ND THE Memory Man said: “When dogs could talk, they were always boasting and talk- ing. Once a king went on a visit to ‘8. neighboring court, and took his favorite dog with him. A very im- portant. secret treaty was made be- tween the two kings, and the royal visitor turned homeward. Half-way home he missed his dog, and, on his 'arrival, he found that the terms of 'the secret treaty were known to ev- eryone. . “Angered, the King called his dog, and bidding it put out its tongue, he gave the tongue 9. very hard pull, so that it hung far out of the dog’s mouth. ’ "That is why, today, when a dog runs home, he always looks as if he wanted to tell tales of What he has seen. but his tongue hangs out so far that he cannot talk. "Tale-bearers never bring any good .to themselves.”———R. W. PICNIC EATING fl}, EVERY week, now, you and the other girls will want to hike ofl somewhere into the woods or fields. You need something to take along, and something to bring back. Your lunch may take on the char~ actor of Spring. Make sandwiches of thin slices of bread and butter, with leaves of lettuce or cross and s. boiled salad dressing for the fill- ing. Stuffed eggs will taste good and look pretty, too. Out hard—boil- ed eggs in half, remove the yolks and mix them with mayonnaise dressing, or Just with butter, salt, pepper and a. little mustard. Put this filling back in the whites and wrap the stuffed eggs in oiled paper. Plain bread and butter sandwich— es may be cut in leaf shape, with a scalloped cookie cutter. Radishes. the red skin slit and peeled down a little way in the shape of a flow- er, sandwiches of thinly sliced cu— cumbers, salted, balls of cream cheese wrapped in lettuce leaves-uni} these will taste of outdoors and will fill your lunch box in a new way. For sweets, take sugar cookies cut with the leaf cutter, or plain cup ,oakes, each with a flower shaped candy or candied. violet or candied ' “orange peel in the center ”of the .‘icing. While in the woods you can make some May baskets. *On your walk gather as many straight branches V with bark on as you can. When you bring them home, Whittle them with , your Jack-knife—of course you .are the kind 'of a girl who can use one— ' _ the same length. Select a square at wood, thin and smooth, to’make we bottom at the basket and glue the gs.,one on another, 108 cabin. - v I ‘_".-‘-. . .I~ . Hunting Eye at thé Capitol *‘ teas Hour ‘ . g ‘ O . r. ’3 V .' ... -,,«L "‘ ' 'p .“e... el‘ , '5. ~ , *l.‘ “ ‘ ' .fe- . uh ~5: u. u I} ' 3.3-).- 51.". ' a: ,'.-.‘}.'\:." d‘flff': rt ‘.‘."'.'.‘3‘.‘.'. h” 1,, .‘ftxfi‘avftlil ." {- . {'58 . , M‘u . By Francis Roy-Wheeler SECRET Service , Hm had. been so struck by Hunting Eye's - “intense interest in the Navy and tholArmy, and ,by the Indian lsd’s eagerness to don his country’s uni- form that he decided to take hm with. him on his, next trip to. Wale tum. There was a nest deal to be aim to Hunting m: the lass: the General . adventures on a mall train: the\ Wild to H o n s e, where, as the Sec- rot Service man expla i n e d t h e “temporary big chief” of the Belt- ed States lived; but last of all, and best of all, came the Capitol. “Bigger than the’Army and the Navy,” the Secret Service man said, “bigger than the courts of justice, bigger than the President—what do Iyaou"suppose that can be, Hunting ye.|.l The Indian lad did not hesitate a moment. “I know," he said, “the Council." “Yes," said the Secret Service man “the Council, or as we call it, Cong- ress. And it is bigger than every- thin else for the same reason that an ndinn tribal council is bigger than the chiefs—because every one has a part in it. ' ”You spoke of the promise that a soldier makes when he puts on a uniform. But i t isn’t and: ms sol- promise. Hunting lye. Every Ameri- can. citizen males s pm is o—«h 0 rows to do every- thing he can to help his country, not only to obey the laws but. to help melts the laws; not only to pay his. taxes, but to help see that they are rightly imposed and prop- erly spent. Every American citizen should. have as his chief desire to make his country better, clea n e r, more industrious, more frugal, more deserving of honor with every day he lives. He can do! that by being so himself. The pride of Americans. pride in those things of which a man should be proud.” Hunting Eye looked up, his eyes shining. “The Indian will not fail!" he said. “Nor anyone else, I trust,” came the reply. “America cannot fail." fashion. Fill this basket with damp moss and rich earth, to hold fern roots and wild flowers. It will be a great addition to your piazza, or set on a table for weeks. OUR BOYS AND GIRLS Dear Aunt Clare—This is the first time that I have written to you. I am 18 ycarseld and work on the farm. We have no cows or sheep but we have got three horses My father takes the M. B. F. We live on a farm of 53 acres and it is a nice farm. Well, will have to close. Morris Kimberly Belding. R 2. Dear Aunt Clare—This is the first I have written to you. I am 12 years old and Will he in the eighth grade next year when school starts again. I took the seventh grade examination Be ,Rllhy and phgiology and passed. c as the M. B.~ . and like it fine. 1 read the Children’s Bom- cvsry week and enjoy it very much, Here is a riddle: I know someplace you never have been and never will be but in that very same place you will be seen by me. Answer—Looking glass. Della Hollinshead, East Jordan. Mich... R 5. ”—6, Dear Aunt Clare—I am 16 years old and in the ninth grade. I have one rab— bit. I have six brothers and twa shters. We have been taking the M. B. F. for many years, and we like the paper well. I saw sane prizes awarded to winners, so I thought I would try to win, Orval Sharp. Vestaburg, Mich_, R 1. Dear Aunt Clare—We take the M. B. B. and like it very much. I also like to read the Childrens Hour. I have writ- ten to you before but didinot see my let- ter in print but hope to see this one. also my drawings. Flor pets I have two cats, two rabbits and one dog. Martha Half- mn, Fowler, Mich.. R 8 _ . Two BOYS-EIGHT CITIES 3v WALTERWELLMAN THAT LOOK!) EA‘JY. I We NDER IF ‘1' l5. TER ‘3, L lCUS' 0ND ‘ 4 FL! n"! .- .I". C'- .( l - _~, I Co lets the names xof cities as follows; In Pcnna.;. in Mice; in Gm; inmIIrJid; in 111.; in Mich; in Pa.; in Okla. If you have filled: in thy ' . cart-cot cities, you should have, readingidownward in the-.uvacam space , ;: l -' . .. h 3"... ”our?" drier who makes a. 21‘“ 5,519; .Jiili ' ii Des? Aunt Clare—I am a l 12 years old. live on n farm of acres. We have about u chickens and 80 little chickens Forxeaslhanamuda dog. We have horses and four cows. I am in the at lily teacher's name was In Am Gregory. I like the complete stories best. I hope to see my letter-in print—Iron Car . Rockne! Mich. 8" ‘ W Deal-Aunt Clare—n1 an a tame: boy, 18 years old and. in the 8th grade at school. I have been reading the Child- ":le leulawritepl live on a. 326 acre farm and like th farm life, the best of all. We have {our horses sir cows. ‘5 sheep and n tractor, For gets I have n d and her My the: take: the . B. F. and mu it very much, Murland Rowe, Flushing. Dear Aunt Clare—(rhi- is the first timeIhVowl-lttatoyou. lamnzlrl 12 years old and will be In the 1th grade next year. My father takes the M. B. P. and likes it the. I: is 3-4 miles west or Ithaca. I live on a 420 acre ram we have 19 cows, 10 calvesi 14 little pigs. 9 horses and one colt. have two rs and We sisters, For ets I have a dog and a. lamb. Ella uscott, Ithaca, Mich. ' Dear Aunt Clare—My father takes the M. B. F. nd we like it very well. I have written to you once before but did not see my letter in print so will try again. Our school was out the 11th of June; My teacher's name was Miss Lena Cole and I liked her very much. I am 10 years old and in the 6th grade. Forrdiaets I have a dog and two cats . I ‘1 close illicit!“ tine. Evelyn Starks, Ravenna, Dear Aunt Clare—J was ten years of age the 12th of June. I am in the fifth grade. Our school was out the fourth of Jane. My teacher's name was Lillian Van Aukens. I have three sisters and one brother going to school. My father takes the M, B. F. and likes it very well. I wish. some of the other little girls would write to me. I will close, hoping to see my letter in print. Helen Cakes. Shaftsburg, Mich, R 1. , Dear ~Ai'mt Clara—I am a. girl in years old and in the sixth grade in school. My teacher’s name was Miss Oml Rankin. I live in Monrovia. Indi- ans. not very far from. Indianapolis but I‘ am spending my vacation wtth my Grandpa and grandma Hadley. I ha-Ve a brother- and sister. For pets I have a big black dog and a. white cat and I white horse on. which we ride. I will close hoping to see my letter in print. Joyce Hadley, Lakc'vicw, Mich, R 9. Dear Aunt Clare—I have been read the letters in the M. B. F. and like it very well. I love to read the letters on the Children’s Page. I am nine year- old and will be in the fifth grade. My teacher’s name is Miss Bertha Marie Tram. We the on an so acre farm. We have seven horses, 17 pics and two cows. two calves. For pets I have three kittens. I Would like to have some of the girls write to me. also Aunt Clare. too. Vivian Dougan, Grant, Mich, R 2. Dear Aunt Clare—This is. the first time I have written to you, I am ten years old and going in the can grade, I have seven sisters and four brothers. My father takes tht M. B. F. and likes it very much . I like to read the letters in the Children’s Hm I have three pet kittens. We are drawing hay and 1' drtve the horses while m brothers are loading with the boy 10 r, ’which I enjoy very much I think I. must close as my letter is getting long. Rosella. Spitzley, Pewamo, Mich. Dear Aunt Clans—This is the. first. time I have written to on. I have, three sisters and three brot are living. One sister and two brothers died with the flu last winter. the flu and was very sick and the Red Cross nurses tools me to the Detention Hospital and I was there seven weeks and then I was tak- en to the general hospital. I was these six Weeks. am home new. 1 bay: been home four weeks and 1" Weight 7 pounds when 1 com home and now I weigh 88 pounds. My father lives on a 100 acre. farm, We have two horses and two cows and five calves and sixty chick- ens. As my letter is getting long 1' will close and to sce'my letter in print. My father takes the M, B. F. and likes it very much. Miss Benene Pearl Critts. St. Charles, Mich. Dear Aunt Clare—I have never writs ten to you before. I am a. little orphan girl twelvelycars old.‘ I have two broth- ers and one sister out somewhere, but I don't know where. _I write to my broth.- er by- sending the letter through. Cold- wnten I took examinations up town and got my standings a fewd-ays ago» 1 will be in the eighth grade next year, Papa takes the M. -B. F. and likes it very well. I like the Duo Dad: I get lonely with- out these. I also llkojtorend the (mild. son's Hour. For pets I have a dog. cat and. canary bird; trained alamb o ' bottle and visitation sell her wool a we ' 53 at ’ cent American. tend-evens; " _ mm and ~8u day to pursue their religious‘bes ‘ s - ‘ " ' > The third objection is the Question oi taxes. ' ' When the date decides to. provide. education for all its children, the question is, should it perform all its functions, or should it delegate or Ihlrk pa of them. Your article seems to infer that the adherents of the parochial schools are so much more thrifty that they can afford to pay the double tax towards the main- tenance of their own and ' public schools. and that this is not a bur- den to them. If that is your idea then there must be something u su- parlor in the spiritual or secular training of the parochial schools and we make the charge that every child in thisldemocracylhas the right to the very best that this democracy can afiord: so that, any grbup of people, withholding any meritorious quail- tles from the child of the public schools, are subject to criticism as to their citizenship and loyalty. If they were Americans first, they would see to it, that the meritorionsqual- ities of their schools are incorporat- ed in the public school, and all the children would receive an equal benefit. Or, is it that they are con- strained to attend - the parochial schools by threat of withdrawal or refusal of absolutlon, or the con— demnation of a mortal sin. Your article contends we do not submit any proof and we refer you to the Michigan Catholic of June 10th, on the subject of the Canon Law on the Parents' right and'Duty, which winds up with this paragraph: "Therefore, parents anl guardi- ans, who without grave reasons, ap- proved by the Bishop send their children to non-Catholic schools when they can be sent to a standard Catholic school, are to be held as violators of natural and religious rights and duties. They are contu- macious of the laws of the church and unworthy to receive the sacra- meat." We know of scores of instances where parents have been forced to take their children out of public schools and send them to the par- ochial schools for the reason that the priest would refuse togive them ab- solution or to baptize babies. The real issue is to remove this question of controversy by having the state perform all its functions and completely separating church and state—Jo's. Hamilton, Public School Defense League of Michigan. nix-GOV. F'ERRIB CONDEMNS SCHOOL AMENDMENT The amendment proposed has on a cursory reading, a very innocent appearance. It the amendment is in- terpreted with exactness it means several things. In this brief article I am not going to discuss the amend- ment in detail. One thing I am sure . it has for one of its objects, the clos- ing of parochial schools of Catholics, Holland Reformed and Lutherans. Beyond a doubt it would affect a goodly number of private schools that are attended by pupils under 16 years of age. My own belief is that the aim of the amendment is pri— marily, to close the parochial schools. I am too much of a democrat not to knw that any attempt f this kind would be ruinous to Michigan de- mocracy. I am talking about con- stitutional democracy. What possi- ~ ble objections can a loyal American raise to parochial schools? They are' all teaching the subjects in the Eng- lish language. They are teaching patriotism» They are loyal to the Stars and Stripes, they are 100 per I feel that this is a cowardly attack upon thousands of our best American citizens. While I was Governor of Michinn, various attempts were made to close the par- ochial schools. In Michigan and oth- er states dltmnt church denomin- tione have conducted their schools and colleges sometimes with refer- ence to the work of advancing ' the Congregational church. sometimes the Presbyterian church, sometimes the Mathew What possible objec- tion can there be to the teaching of moo mealtimes winin- ‘ “ j with our political or‘soslol Mn; W shoeing Neutral ‘ churches he. kept run any more ....‘-.~,.‘ it!!!“ fine from the standpoint of what the state would lose financially by clos- ing the parochials‘choole. I refuse to discuss what other organizations would loseby passing this amend- ment. I concentrate my forces on the religious bias that is involved in the amendment. The amendment should be overwhelmingly defeated. The recent war has taught us that Catholics, Lutherans, Methodists, Gomentlonaliste, Preebyteri a n s. Christian Scientists, eta, can. all work together“ Our democracy should guarantee this privilege. If necessary. I am willing to go forth and try to show my friends that this amendment is nil-American, there- fore dangerous and undesirable- Weadbrldge N. rm. Big Rapids. Michigan. mos: your annex “WHEN run some to more) I like to read what the neighbors have to say and I did laugh at what Joseph "l‘roisnek had to say. There are a lot more in the same boat with Joseph and August but they are not so fast to let the public know their opinion. I have it estimated that nine men out of every ten will in- dulge in a drink of some kind but when it comes to the ballot the ma- jority will vote dry, and I believe our worthy editor is one of the nine for he makes a trip to Washington quite frequently. A prominent man told me the other day those fellows have enough booze to last them a hundred years in the capital city. If I should meet the editor and had a flask in my pocket and wanted to save the contents for the future,— well.,—-—I would not show it to him. I may write again some time if I survive the shock that I am going to get when the editor gets through with Ina—Albert Trojasck, Charle- ootm County. You are a born psychologist, Albert. Any boob can spot the teetotaier, but it takm a men of shrowdness to pick out the nip: drinkers. How do yout do it)? Andwyareyousocrue as opu- llsh to the world your insight into the editor's secret indulgence in, the bottle! Seriously, Albert, you‘ve not a bum steer, Your guessing average would en- title you to a place just one degree be- low the Tigers. Possibly it is true that nine out of ten men drink when the get the chance. I know that some my best friends occasionally drank a glass of beer when it was legal to do so, If 1 were one of the nine I would not be ashamed to say so, for I would hays lots of company and some of it pretty desir- able compan at that. But I am worse than a prob bltlonlst; I am a total ab— stainer. a “teetotaler” if you please. I do not abstain from alcoholic beverages through any religious or moral scrup es, but simply because I have never acqulp ed a liking for liquor or a habit of drink- ing. I have never tasted ferment- ed wines or whiskey and the amount of beer I have consumed during my entire life would not fill an ordinary drinking glass. It is not hard for me to speak against the saloon because I never patronized it. And I am entitled to no credit for being a “prohibitionist. The fellows who are entitled to the credit for putting the nation dry are the six out of nine drinkers who gave up their beer and whiskey that the curse might be removed from the reach of those who could not leave it alone and whose lives ere being wrecked upon the rocks of the quor- trafllo. Yesbml) have heard that there is ty of so in Washington but I (ll n’t see any of it. During the net six months I have been in Chicago, ashlngton, New York City, Brooklyn, Atlantic City. Wheeling, Zanesvllle, Sy- racuse. Albany, Buffalo and Detroit, some of them notoriously wet cities when there was a saloon on every other corner and I have seen one drunken man. I saw him day before yesterday on the streets offilgflunt Clemons. Write again. Albert. —— or. FERTILIZER GIVES NEW LIFE T0 OLD ORCHARDS (Continued from page 5) with the yields of native weeds and poverty'gruo of the unfertilized plot. Ne grass seed wu‘s sown. Plots fertilized with 10 pounds of bone and tankage, per tree per year, applied evenly over the tree-squares, produced an average of 73.3 barrels or sepia per acre per year. This was a gain of 35.6 barrels of apples per acre per year in comparison with the unfertilized plot. and a loss of 45.8 barrels per ”acre per year in com- parlson with the use of the 10-10 formula of nitrate-of soda and acid phosphate. . A number at other seriously treat- ed plots was included}: this orch- ard fertilisation test; but these that here lust been described are the more important.» fleets inns wholesome new: I refuse to discuss this amendment . is» ‘...~‘.«' *’ ‘3’?“ “ , 4. av‘. the em on when a SEPARATOR we saves most over .1. = l \ any other separator or skimming system. re A GREAT MISTAKE for any dairy farmer without a sepa- I tutor or using an hiforlor machine to put on the purchase of a New Do Laval Cream Separator in the summer months espooo ially with buttersfat. at the present unusually high price. Great as are the advantages of the New De Laval over all other separators, as well as over any gravity setting System, at every season of the year, they are even greater during the mid-. summer season than at any other time. This is because hot weather conditions occasion greatest but- terfat losses with gravity setting and render it most diiiicult to maintain quality of product with any gravity system or unsani- tary separator, while, moreover, the quantity of milk is usually greatest, and any loss in either quantity or quality of product means more. , Then there is the great saving in time and llibor with the simply, easy running, easily cleaned, large capacity New De Laval machines over all other methods or separators, which naturally counts for more at this time of the year. Hence the great mistake of putting on the purchase of a New De Laval Cream Separator in summer, whether you already have a poor machine or none at all, and every dairy farmer should keep in mind not only that a De Laval will pay for itself in a few months but may, if desired, be bought 011 such liberal terms as to actually save its own cost while being paid for. . Every claim thus made is subject to easy demonstration, and every De Laval locnl agent is glad of the opportunity to prove these claims to you, in your own dairy, without cost or obligation' on your part. . ' ' e Why not see the nearest no Laval agent at once? If you do not know him, write to the nearest office for catalog or any desired lnformafion. The De Laval Separator Company 165 Broadway 29 East Madison Street 61 Beale Street NEW YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCX) 50,000 Branches and Local Agencies the World Over .1 \ o E LAVA; " . 5,93%,” «, 1." . . .33. . 4‘ . I and your Kalamazoo Silo will he shipped quick—direct from our fee --in time t turn possrble lose into big profit}my 0 Own A Washington Fir Kalamazoo ‘ The Perfect Silo ‘ f Easy to erect—no nails or screws—beautiful stock—unblemished and thoroughly seaweed—d I tongucd, grooved and a ' ed so insure pcrmamnica’iiz "fl tightness. Makes cot ensil and and to grandchildren. A amazoo ou the 311’ ion: tlnuous o mug door flame that’s vanized after he- mg ssscm led-to emf against all destruc- tivc action. On: features. catalog “plains other valuable BuyuKllemuooonEns Term She’ll Pay fol-Herself in : Hurry “Macedon Cutter,tslktous. Gets. on: a . the machine one ‘KMTHIEISIIOCB. .W Ink-toque!» Little Live Stock Ads in ,- ~M. B. F. . ”9 “3° We“ 3 .,Which the members ; plaint. . headquarters at Lansing. that you would be liable ; damage as I think you are bound to keepthem in the highway—W. E. Brown. legal editor. . Jinnusrman BOARD NOT INSUR- _ r , mo . ‘WOWASI'n‘ a. _. cor nixed here and j th state was ask- to recommend some reliable wool dealing firm thru could sell their ‘ wool crop. They referred them to Trau- gott Schmidt & Sons of Detroit. This firm sent their grader here and graded the Association’s wool and finally .pur- chased it outright but through the ad- vice of Mr, A. R, Livingstone, the grad- er, one'of our members was pursuaded to consign his wool. The grader assured him that his grading would be accepted anywhere. When the wool was sold it was under a. different grading. Of course this member was the loser on the ,deal. I am enclosing papers showing the transaction. Kindly write to this man and tell him what can be done." F. F. S., Fairview Mich. * A letter signed by Mr. Livingstone accompanied the papers and d'eclar— ed that Traugott Schmidt &' Sons had suffered a loss of $64.13 even on the basis on which the wool was set- tled for. The following explanation was given for the failure of this flrmt to abide by the grading of Mr. Liv- ingstone: “The fact that unusual market conditions have arisen has made it impossible for us to deliver to the manufacturer your clip on my grad- ing, cannot be remedied. You should consider yourself very fortunate that your cotted, black and seedy wools have been sold at all as probably not fivo per cent of the wools of that character grown in the United States last year have been marketed yet (March 1, 1920) and cotted wools today are worth about 15 cents per pound, and black and seedy wools about 25 or 80 cents per pound. Moreover, ‘if your quarterblood and three-eighths blood wools were still on hand, they would not be worth over 90 per cent of the price they were sold at." After an exchange of several let- ters with Mr. Livingstone and Trau- gott Schmidt & Sons, the following was received from the former: “Inasmuch as I have quit Messrs. Traugott Schmidt & Sons of De- troit, I refuse to take issue with Mr. Neff, or others in his behalf, in any controversy they have with Schmidt & Sons. I will say though, that it 7 is my opinion that Mr. Neff cannot gain anything by pressing his com- Let him and all wool growers congratulate and avail themselves of the Co-operative Association with It has al- ready virtually if not completely, put Schmidt & Sons and several oth- er wool dealers out of business. There is no question in my mind about their ability to handle properly, sell at top prices to the ultimate consumer, and establish a clientele that will welcome their methods and services for as long as they live up to their present standards.”———Alex R. Living- stone. h—————-—~——— , MUST KEEP STOCK IN ROAD A bought a giece of land of B for pas- ture. B's brot er owns a piece of land across the road from the bought of B. A’s cows have to be driven to and from this pasture each day. The road turns a square corner around B's brother's land which has no road fence, the stock run across the corner of B's land. Can B's brother make any trouble with A about this with nothing to keep them on the road. B's brother does not make any trouble, but his father is trying to_--C. G. M., An- trim County. I am of the Opinion that one who drives cattle on the highway must keep them from trespassing upon pri— vate property. The liability would only be the damage done. If it is quack grass sod I would be of the opinion that there could only be a nominal damage. I would be of the opinion that such a. boy and dog would be proper to prevent the claim that such cattle were at large in the highway so they might be impound- ed for being in the highway alone. But if they got away from him and did damage on the premises of the neighbor I would be of the opinion for the ANCE COMPANY ' Is the State Industrial 130 d an insur- ance company? - If a man. . T; insured in the ‘lndustrial Board and o been/q - was , ut aloorIn Department this department. e on It piece A . r dei‘e'nitiikld' for foemoro’ otory'_‘dsy multimillrompt. you. Subscribers. dull-Inn o m WM". children’s keeping and the alimony out of wife No. 2 insurance in the State .In- dustrial Board‘I—A Subscriber, Mont- calm County. ' - The Industrial Accident Board is not an insurance company. They have supervision over industrial ac- cidents. Your letter does not state whether the benefit is fro-m death or disability by reason of the accident. Act No. 64, Laws of 1919, Sec. 6, makes provision for the payment of benefits in case of death where the de- ceased leaves depedout children by a former marriage. I am of the opinion that this is a matter that. should be determined by the Indus— trial Accident Board, Lansing, Mich, and a ietter to them will receive prompt attention. They will give full instructions, information and how to proceed—W. E. Brown, legal editor. STOCK ON ROAD I have a neighbor who for the last three years has turned his cows and hers- es out on the road to pasture; besides he has thirteen head of hog running loose. It is not safe to go to bed at night for in the morning you will find them in the wheat. He has been told to shut them up a good many times, but he pays no attention. 'Last car a man's cattle got i his wheat and 0 made him gay one do lar a head before he let him ave them. I don’t want to trouble but would like to could be notified without any trouble to léeep} hIiIs stock shut up off the road,— A man has no legal right to allow stock to run in the highway except in the control of an attendant and then only on his own side of the road and in front of his own premd ises. Such stock if found otherwise can be impounded, the owner then required to pay the statutory fee for the impounding. Should they break into the premises of another the owner is liable for all damage done which may be collected by impound- ing of the animals and serving the required notice—W. E. Brown, legal editor. KEEP CATTLE WITHIN HIGHWAY I would like a little information about going over the public road with my milk cows. I have 7 milk cows which I take to the pasture in the morning and back home in the evening over the public road or highway. Now my neighbor has a field of oats and as the oats sows to the road bed and no fence my cows at on his oats when taking them bee and forth sometimes. Now I would like the Michigan state law about driving cows over the highway where there is no fence along and the land is plowed to the roadbed and cropped—N. -D,, Ottawa. County. ' The owner of the adjacent land owns to the center .of the highway subject to right of the public to the use of the highway for highway pur- poses, one of which is the right to drive cattle over it. ' He is not oblig- fiSonse and Enjoyed Their Music “Could you change de tune 0' one o’ dem cuckoo clocks?" asked Rastus. “What’s the idea?" . "I wants an alarm clock. I don't take to dose hasty an' excited alarm clocks. If you could train one 0' dose to cackle like a chicken, I could. wake up spry an' hopeful every time i” . Comforting Statistics She was looking through a moth- er’s magazine when suddenly she said: _ “From the statistics given here, dear, I see that every third baby born in the world}: a Chinese." _ The fond father, who was buried in the pages of the evening paper, peered over the topvlong enough to reply: “Thank heaven, this is our fire ." » SchoMIc Toots “What's the matter? thoughtful." . N . .“My six year old son brought home You look ‘ a list of questions to answer." ,, “Whfl‘tot th‘t’”. . .< -. .. slay-e 115"“ m9 - , The n... {tonne ' " ' ml. or chi-om :.‘ , fmh to in . . sown“ pencnoionmr by moi to o auntienj ., about noun-’1 should one!” 01. ed to fence the highv’ray but'the OWn-- . er of cattle drivanoyert'he'highway must keep them within the bounds“ of the highway. The owner of cat- tie driven through the highway can- not allow them to pasture on the highway either from grass or crops: : but if they eat of the crops sown in the highway while being driven therefore, if within the limits of the highway. The owner of the cattle . would be liable for any damage done by his cattle while driving along the highway if they go out of the bounds of the highway.——W. E. Brown, legal editor. " ' SHARE OF'SECOND WIFE IN WILL Could you please tell me if a man can out off second wife with just her sup- port with a will from all personal pr?- erty and real estate at his death. e leaves children which he had by his first wife, but he had none by his second wife—A Reader. The second wife is not obliged to accept the provision made her under the will but may claim underthe sta- tute if she makes such claim with- in the time provided under the law. Under the statute she would be en- , titled to his wearing apparel, house- hold furniture and other personal not exceeding $200 and an allow- - once for her support to be determin- ed by the” judge of probate. If the husband left more than one child the surviving widow would be en- titled to take under the law one iihird of all the real estate and one third of the personal after payment of debts and expenses. 'I\he election to take under the statute must be in writing and within one year from the probate of the Willa—W. E. Brown, legal editor. , HUSBAND GETS PERSONAL Can a second husband hold a wife‘s furniture and personal belongings that was left her by her former husband. Can her children claim them if she should die while living with second husband.— E. B., Van Bureau County. , 4 Upon the death of the first hus- band, if he died without leaving a will, the household furniture would belong to his wife. If she remap ried and died leaving a husband and no will all of her personal property, after payment of any debts shehad (and expenses of last sickness and funeral expenses are’ not her debts unless she bound‘herself in her life time to pay them) would go one third to her husband surviving and two thirds to her children if more than one. Household property in law would be treated as any other-per- sonal property—W. E. Brown, legal editor. . * IQOIISQIISQ - Everlasting Fire Mistress (to cook from the coun- try)—“Well what do you think of our gas fires?" Cook—"I think them wonderful ma’om. ‘Why those in the kitchen haven’t gone out since I came here over a week ago.” o \ Helpful Hints Borem—“Now. what would you do if you were in my shoes, Miss Out- ting?” .. ~ Miss Cutting—“I’d point the toes toward the front door and give them a start." ' ' Hopeless . “And why is he here?” we inquir- . ed, stopping in front of Padded Cell " No. 44. . “ . . ~ ' “He was a politician and when he finally got in autos he really tried to carry out his campaign pledg‘e’s,”*ro~ plied the attendant. ' Safety m ' tenant! down a p‘oorgtfollow m ‘tenth day ~ of , ' , who, ofnlonuory or. w, the man who sold us thedog be Wit- sible? How long would). manhole , im ‘on lumber, left by him on when he sold to us two and one half your! from oaths. 880- We have not seen or heard Would we have a right to use this lum- th’is man during the past 18 m » her or sell it'f—J'. H., Montcalm, Mich. Sec. 8, of Act 339, P. A. of""1919, page 605 provides- that any person - who becomes the‘owner of a dog af- ter the 10th of "January, 1920,‘that has not been licensed shall forth- with apply for and secure a license for the deg. It is made the duty of the supervisor when he makes his assessment to" make a’ list of ‘dogs. that should be licensed and report them to the County Treasurer,‘ and hisduty to check up the dogs licens- ed with the list ofdogs reported and to notify the sheriff of such dogs whose duty it shall be to locate and kill all such unlicensed dogs. You . would have no right to the lumber left on ‘the farm for six years, the statute of limitations and possibly not until you had notified him to remove the same if there was any agreement at all about leaving it.— W. E. Brown, legal editor. / ' GET DEED on FARM When a person finishes Davin! for I. farm what should be done. Please ex- plain clearly about the abstracts and mortgages—P. 0. Wayne County. When a purchaser pays for a. farm he is to receive a deed from the sell- er. The seller does not have to fur- nish an abstract unless he agreed to do so at the time of the contract for sale. The parties may agree that after the payment of a certain amount of the purchase price the one will give and the other will so— cept a mortgage for the balance; but unless such an agreement is made the purchaser is not obliged to give one and the seller is not obliged to accept a mortgage in place of pay- ment of balance due—W. E. Brown, legal editor. BACKER "OF NOTE HOLDING My husband now deceased loaned i: -young man 850, March 18;" 1905. father backed the note. June 10, 19?& this boy promised to pay this sum w interest at 7 per cent per annurm but did not do it. Left it for his father to pay. His father. commenced June 10, 1905 to make payments on this note. He kept making payments on this note up to Nov. 13, 1915,‘but has paid none since. He has paid all the principal but $8.75. As long as my husband lived he never refused to pay it always ”said he'd gay every cent of it. Since he died I ave asked him about the matter and positively ” refuses to pay another con of \it. The note is in my possession.— E. M.. Charlevoix County. 4 I am of the opinion that the guar- antor is liable‘for the full‘mount and interest to date of collection. It does not'outlaw until 6 years after the last payment—W. E. Breton, lo- gal editor. .. ’ LAWFUL CLAIR! When I was four years old my uncle gave me two sheep and doubled them it? my father. When I was twenty-one mentioned it to him and he 88.th “0h never mind I will look after om." Can I put this in as a claim against thz estate? I have two good witnesses tho. heard the transaction—R. D., _Montcalm County. , If the claim has not outlawed I would consider it a lawful claim against your father’s estalhe.-—r W. E. Brown, legal editor. CANNOT COLLECT BOARD . I would like a little informathn. re- gard to my father. My brother-in-low took care of him 8 years. No ment made whatever. Now be onto board. Can -_my‘ brother-in-law collect board bill from us? None of us tel him to keep father.——Suhsoriber. Clam You are not "liable for} the board of your father without an agreement to pay—W. E. Brooch, legal editor. — m -' -.,toll me who the, -fiwm .. ...... r J Renews: We» x ondmoot Inu- , t f / . ~60ndncts work relating to animal diseases, their control and suppres- sionhincluding bacterologicai and pathological investigations . into the causes and nature of disease. Pro- duces. and distributes black-leg vac- cine. Quarantine Division—«Super- vises work relating to importation and exportation of live stock, and importation of hides, skins, wool} . hair and similar prducts especially with regard to danger of transmit- ting infection through these com- modities. Tick Eradication Division. Tuberculosis Eradication Division. Office of Virus-Serum Control—-Has charge of regulator work in the en— ' forcement of the virus-serum-toxin law aimed to insure a high quality of commercial viruses, serums, toxins and similar products for combating animal diseases. Zoological Division —-Conducts laboratory and field in- vestigations of animal parasites. Experimental. and Breeding Farms of of the Bureau of Animal Industry In addition to the experiment sta- tion at Bethesda, Md., where inves tigations are largely of alveterinary character, the bureau maintains ex- perimental and breeding farms at Beltsviile, Md., Middlebury, Vt., and Dubois, Idaho. Besides these prin- ' cipal farms it conducts a great quan- tity of experiments on farms where the work is handled co-operatively with other bureaus, as at Huntley, Mont. and ”New Iberia, La., or with various stat-es. The Dairy Division of the bureau supervises the work of the Grove City Pa., Creamery, where dairy research results are tested un- der commercial conditions. Impbrtant Work Already Completed Work which the Bureau of Animal Industry has carried to actual com- pletion includes: Discovery of the nature of Texas or tick fever and perfection of a method for eradicating the ticks which carry this fever. Thus far more than half a million square miles of formerly tick-infested terri- tory have been freed from ticks and released from quarantine. Practical eradication of tubercu- losis from live stock in the District of Columbia, and in addition from 2,200 herds now on the accredited list. Discovery of anti-hog cholera ser- um and methods for protecting swine from hog cholera. Improved methods of making tu- berculin diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle and swine. Complete eradication of pleuro— pneumonia from the United States, suppression of foot-and-mouth dis- ease on six occasions and the gradual eradication of other serious live- stock diseases. Exclusion from the United States of about 10 serious animal scourges present in other countries. (Details of the disease situation are given in the Department’s 1919 Yearbook, just published.) improvement through inspection and. supervision of methods of hand- ling export live stock. Important Work Now in Progress Among the specific activities of practical and popular interest now being conducted are the following: Development of an American util- ity breed of horse. A ZOFy'ear experiment to determine how the milking qualities of beef cattle are transmitted. Detailed experiment on inbreed- ing of dairy cattle. Development of a breed of sheep about equally valuable for wool and meat. Exhaustive experiments in animal gentics to obtain more definite in- formation of operation of heredity. Methods of making Swiss, Reque- fort, Comemb'ert'and similar foreign cheeses so that American dairymen and factory operators may compete with the foreign trade in these pro- ducts. This Work is well advanced. Requirements for milk production on farms insix typical sections’ of‘ the United States. This work.~ partly: completed, consists of observations 5 ‘ Maudie deadliersotorrandfire- costs?! WW“? ,“ lahfi’r; shooter: ~;“‘3‘:’.l {125:5 .a _ , is as .miailt to edit _. _,m mm .sib‘le outbreaks of .7_ MD particular reference to the import- ance of mineral salts in the feed of high-producing dairy cattle. Meat inspection investigations of a For instance, the varied character. bureau has experimented with the ef fect of X—ray on trichinae in pork. Continuous work is being done on prob- lem is especially important on west- stock—poisoning plants. ' This ern ranges. Studies of internal or growth and development. Eradication of cattle ticks. tuber- culosis and many other diseases. Results in Progress of Publication have progressed far enough and have giv— en sufficiently complete information to justify the publication of results. Among the more important bulletins containing these results, which are in process of publication, are the fol- Many of the experiments lowing: Diseases of Sheep. Parasites of Sheep . A Primer of Animal Breeding. Milk Plant Construction Equipment. ‘ Principles of Live Stock Feeding. Hog Lice and Hog Mange. Feeding Garbage to Hogs. Cost Factors in Producing Milk in Northwestern Indiana. (For the Chi- cago District.) Besides those mentioned are -a considerable number of technical or semi—technical publications. It is expected that all of the bulletins will be received from the printer within the next three months. Relation Between Research, Experi- mental lVork, and Extension Activities The most successful and direct method of making results of experi- ments available to a large number of farmers is briefly this: When re- search on any problem gives encour- aging results the method of applying the principles discovered are tried in an experimental way under condi- tions as near like those of the aver- age farm as possible. Following ex- perience gained through the exper- iment, the method for accomplishing the desired result is repeated at oth- er stations and farms of the bureau. Then when the method is considered well developed and suitable for gen- eral application, it is made the basis for extension work. This same principle has been used with success in hog cholera control, in improvement of cheese making, poultry'culling and the castration and docking of lambs. This order of procedure, namely: first, research; second, exhaustive experiments; and third, extension, is used with suc- cess by many large business houses, and it appears to be a logical method of giving new facts to the public. The extension work of the bureau is sup- plemented by literature, posters, lantern slides, motion pictures, and other mediums of publicity. Important Policies of the Bureau Following are a few policies which indicate the bureau's attitude toward practical live stock problems: In disease control, both sanitation and a high standard of intelligence by live stock owners need to be en- couraged in every possible manner. Farmers may wisely be encouraged to spend more time, labor and men-x ey for clean up work, in proportion to the amount they now spend for drugs and rem- edies of various kinds. Although live stock owners may successfully treat some of the minor ailments of stock. it is best for a farmer's own interest. and especial— ly for a community, to consult a com- petent veterinarian immediately when an infectious. or apparently in- fectious, disease breaks out. The double or simultaneous treat- ment for hog cholera is preferred to the serum-alone treatment. when the operator is skilled. The best policy of eradicating pos- foot-and-mouth disease is that off quarantine and slaughter,"f’tbgether; with compensa- tior- in wd"‘rsm or indemnity. ‘fifqubereirlin and Mug work the v“ mend-for Wastes: undenthe ac: and external parasites of live stock, particularly parasites which interfere with prop- and disinfection ~ w Mllkcline has a base of . modified Buttermilk. I IS guaranteed nature'tohogscrpoultry..- -... Aids Digestion: Wat: Wmma%'fm “avg“ Yogveegroved as years . Hie helps and assists digestion. gainsonlfipoundsm 96rd”. ) University Tested mam EV; hi s’t. Prof. ef-Dairy Husbandry at fiMUniversiw conducted; scientific test Milkoline and found that Milkolme fed hogs Sgt on more weight and showed 82.57 more profit has! not . Falls. . .eaysllfilkolinefixedupabunchog shoatslnfinesiwleandisgreatforbrocdsows. can’t Spell: Wiggggg onld. , i: will defini any mt». Fllesdoniffpcomenear t. Itis always miter-m. and In guaran to make youneneycritdoem’toostyounnytbmm- -—Diatributed by—“fifi heurimd and t to m; . tain any mlphuric. acid or anything of an 131% " a I. . ~ Mark nameonecardwfll SWARTZ BROS., Sagina in ~ v. ‘ fl 1 21: 3 Gallon mg’gg- youdothedflu cum ownfam. fed as directed . mixturebn Wham“ mural! ‘ directions 1 k a The eat“... as follows: 5 .50; 10:31. , 12.60: 16 cal. $16.50: 822211. 00- 65a]. $19.50. Itpmtobuyin has ht- use you save 60¢ a gal. over theogannsnfitiu. 30 ’3' Day“ Guaranteed Y are safe in ord any Trial. qgaunfiw of Milkoflnm’aw." Feed one halt the shipment to your and poultry in a thirty d)? test. then you ate refund every cent you aid us. We arelgo confident that you will End Milkoiine the best money maker on the farm that the S. W. Boulevard Bank of Kansas City sub- gmgiates this 0351'“. Yo:h mkthtoc sole Judge. en mone er. or so as or out ., nearest dearer and wewill ship immediately. Our booklsgti:i “ ow to Hustle Heavy Hogs to at" lbe confine on season-your W Mich. W, Port Huron 22 X 38 General .3; Purpose Grain Thresher This machine has large capacity and can be operated with any small steam engine, or medium sized tractor. Will do excellent work in all kinds of seeds and your neighbors. small portion of your time in custom work to pay for the machine as well as pager to operate it. 1 ~ urnis second hand steam eng nes or rain (including clover, tractor, to operate same. Port Huron Engine & Thresher Co. It will take only a We can also We. can ship from stock same day der is received. Write us for cat- alog, or. if in a hurry, wire us at our timothy, alfai a peas. etc.) and is fully guarantee the same as our standard size threshers. or Save your own grain; thresh when most convenient and accommodate expense. Port Huron, Michigan Ship your Our prim guaranteed for the week for a greatly augmented force of in- spectors. Since the number requir- ed probably will exceed the number which the bureau can furnish, ar- rangements for having the work done to\some extent by private veterinar- ians seen practically essential. When a person writes to the de— ‘19 partment for information relating to the Animal Industry, his letter is 0‘ answered within three days in most cases. When the best qualified per- son to answer it is temporarily in the field, or the letter requires special in- to knowledged and the writer is inform- ed when he may expect a complete The bureau' in endeavori‘ng - to raise the standard of the veterinary ‘ t serviceiinthellnited-mbr the». ‘ inary colleges. Animal Industry employs mately 2,000 veterinarians, it is able ing the disease-control which the bureau was tended and tor which it was ally onganised. This tendency in vestigation for the reply, it is ac- larded ail-constructive and , and is being encouraged. 1' @911. ‘- ha credited herd plan shows the need supervision and accrediting of voter-r 5 Since the Bureau of ‘ approxi- exert influence in that field. The general tendency of human work in recent years has been to veiop activities relating to the breeding. feeding, and general! care: live stock in addition to conflicts- work o It is the policy of the bum" ve persons working on the. " y E i .’ good E MSCELLANEOUE . est. All kinds. , one—row, self-gathering. , er. Sold direct to farmers for twenty-three years. , Only $28. with fodder binder. Free mtslog , good condition 8500. .lurger tractor. BAY BBB B Buns Bem " m ELUII'I‘.‘ won‘t presumes. lim- . mum flu accepted, 0 To maln- - I words. . whom low rate, we are mulled to aluminum I“~ bookkeerlno. Therefore. our terms on law 0 1M among an ouch In full with order... glimmer". mcb‘lmrdhuwbody. "’2‘” 9:: "dd "2:: if“: ‘ 0 t n t e n a 'Iddl‘e'uw' ' rate I: 5 cents a word for each ls- l'filifdleu of number s: tlnm ad runs. There “‘9: . Is he dlacount.‘ Oopy must mob us In! WNW" a” 0! Preceding week. You wlll help us con- tinue our low rate by maklng your remlttanoe “.0"! rlahL—Addres. Illchlgan Business Farm- ‘ "‘r N"- Dcp't. Ml. Clemens, llohluan. E fingers & LANhSfi i FULLY EQUIPPED FIRM WITH GROWIN? 'gmm. $1500 cash-gives possession including 2 “7: u growing crops; level productive fields. 75~cow pasture; valuable timber, market nearby; variety fruit. 400 sugar maples: 2-story louse. good water nuple shade; 2 barns. loo-ft. cattle shed; owner’s plans force sale, c\’el;y[.u.l|g ’Cces hr $4,000, only $1,500 msh balance ensv . i 0m 16 ogttlc. hogs. poultry. wagons. machin- l Details page 72 Strout’s Biz Illustrated Catalog Farm Bargains 33 States. Lop, ll‘eu. STHOUT FARM AGENCY. 814 BE. Ford Bldg“ . Detroit Mich. 120 ALL IMPROVED EXTRA BUILDINGS. i 8150 .A. Stock, tools. crops. terms. Immedi- ‘ste possession. write GLEN PINCH. Eaton Rap- ids, Mich, R 5. hSTllioLPPED HARDnggso Léflgisogwfl l 0 y m—cuy terms. . on 1 acre. Neighbors, roads. schools. Four to five ‘ iles from Millersbnrg. Never falling) clovar In lead will mske your payment: J KRAUTH. Mlllersburg. )Llch. FOR SALE—CHOICE UNIMPROVEI? FARM ,, lands in Thumb District of Michigan. hear rail- : roads and good markets Buy direct from owner 'nnd get better land for less money. ALBERT i HEATH. Harbor Springs. Michigan. IMPROVED FARMS FOR SALE—OSCEOLA and adjoining counties offer Ere-It opportunities liar the farmer. Productive soil. flne climate, l good roads sud best of schools. farmers well .or- gsnized. three branches of Gleaner Clearing l I House, everythm to nuke life worth living sud K livig easy to make. Let us send our descriptive Ebooklet of the wonderful country. and tell you ' of the great bargains we have to oder. 04L- lrfisinux & mnnow LAND co. Reed City. c FINE FARM FOR SALE CHEAP. EIGHTV incres. Forty two in crops. Buildings and few FRED E. SCHEMER. Rhodes. Rich. BUY FENCE POSTS DIRECT FROM FOR- Delivered prices Address "II. II." csre Michigan Busine- Firming, Mt. Clem- ens, Mich. CORN HARVESTER—ONE-MAN. ONE-HORSE, Equal to a corn bind- nho ' pictures of harvester. PROCESS CORN BABY ‘ TIER, 00.. Salim, Kan. FOR SALE—CASE 10—20 TRACTOR ll Reason for selling. Want CBAFFEE. Fulton. mob. Is Your F arm' for Sale? Write out a plain description and fl;- ure 50 for each word. initial or group of figures. Send it in for one, two or three times. There's no cheaper or better w" of selling a farm in Michigan and you deal direct with the buyer. No agents or commissions. If you nut to sell or trnda your farm, send in your nd today. Don’t just talk about it. Our Business Farm- ers’ Exchange gets results. Address The Michigan Business Farmer. Adv. Dept. Lit. Clemens. Government Shoe é, Usual Price than We have purchased dim-t from the local camps of the Govern- ment. over 50.000 pairs (JENI’INE ARMY I-‘lTSSET K'IOES, ASK THE ilHYS ~' i‘llEM. Some of those shoes were re— pairtedsgn’ txlsltel Govern— "1"“, 0e ‘ ops; balance we are repairing with genuine oak leather. Uppers will wear two years. hoie the followup figures: New Army Uppers are worth $1.00: first class shoe shops get $3-50 for ‘11.. soles and heels. Tomi $9.50. OUR lvldl l: $-.i40..' or loss than 1—3 their true value. lusul $1.00, giving size desired. Balance on de— lncx'y. Satisfnction gusmnteed. Send orders to Gor’t Shoe Drpt~ . KINGSLEY TIRE & SHOE SHOP Dr'cxel Blvd. & Cottage Grove Ave.. Chicago, Ill. RESULTS 2 . (April 6, 1920 Michigan Business Farmer, Mt. Clemens. Mich, Gentlemen: -— Enclosed please find check for $14.60, the sum due for 13 weeks' chicken ad and one week strawberry ad. If we need any more ads we will let you know later. Your ads surely bring business. We’re all sold out for April and . May. Yours is the best paper for Michigan farmers that there is in the state. Continue in the same good wayand you will have the support of every bona flde farmer. I Cordially yours, . C. W.- HEIMBACH. ‘ Big Rapids, Mich. Route 6, ' "the‘ ‘w tar fink. .59 s we; .h‘ .. , 3114131312“? 93' - point where it had struck. .j , "'If anything comes up I hope. .it will be big,” Concordia murm’ured with equal laziness. And upon their astonished gaze, even as they looked, arose up out of the brown depths a. great white hound. They jerked their poles up and behind them on the bank, threw their arms about each‘other, and watched the hound gain The shore at the lower 'end of the eddy, climb the sloping bank, pause to shake himself, and then disappear among the trees. ' Nicoya and Concordia giggled. “Try it again,” Concordia urged. “No; you this time. And see what you can bring up.” Quite unbelieving, Concordia toss- ed in a clod of earth. And almost immediately a helmeted head arose on the flood. Clutching each other very tight”, they watched the man under the helmet gain the shore where the hound had landed and dis- appear into the forest. . Again the two Indian girls giggled but this time, urge as they would, neither could raise the courage to throw anything into the water. Some time later, still giggling over the strange occurrences, they were e-s— ‘pied by two young Indian men, who were hugging the bank as they pad- dled their canoe up against the stream. “What makes you laugh," one of them greeted. “We have been seeing things,” Nicoya gurgled down to them. “Then you have been drinking pul- que,” the young man charged. Both girls shook their heads, and Concordia said: “We don’t have to drink to see things. First, when Nicoya threw in a. banana skin, we saw a dog come up out of the water—7a white dog that was as big as a. tiger. of the mountains—” _ “And when Concordia threw in a. clod," the other girl took up the tale, "upscame a man with a head of iron. It is magic. Concordia and I can work magic.” . "Jose,” one of the Indians address— ed his mate, "this merits a drink.” And each in turn, while the oth— er with his paddle held the canoe in place, took a swig from a square— faced Holland gin bottle part full of pulque. “No,” said Jose, when the girls had begged him for a drink. “One drink of pulque and you might be more white dogs as big as tigers or more iron-headed men." “All right," Nicoya accepted the rebuff. “Then do you throw in your pulque bottle and see what you will see. We drew a dog and a man. Your prize may be the devil.” “I should like to see the devil," said Jose, taking another drain at the bottle. “The pulque is a’ true fire of bravery. I should very much like to see the devil." He passed the bottle to his com- panion with a gesture to finish it. “Now throw it into the water,” Jose commanded. The empty bottle struck with a. forceful splash, and the evoking was realized with startling immediacy, for up to the surface floated the mon- strous, hairy body of the slain spid- er. Which was too much for or- dinary Indian flesh and blood; So suddenly did both youn men recoil from the Sight that they captized the cance. When their heads emerged from the water they struck out for the swift current, and were‘swiftly borne away down stream, followed more slowly by the swamped canoe. Nicoya and Concordia had been too frightened to giggle. They held on to each other and waited, watch- ing the magic water and out of the tails of theireyes observing the frightened young men capture the canoe, tow it to shore, and run out and hide on the bank. . The afternbon sun was getting low in the sky era the girls summoned courage again to evoke the magic water. Only after much discussion, did they agree both to flingin clods of earth at the same time. And up arose‘a man and a woman—Francis and the Queen. The girls fell over backward into the bushes, and were themselves unobserved ”as they watch- ed , granola swim with the ngon‘ to shore. . ' _ ; audit yousucc‘se 9110012411 1.1;. notes let} ’ ._"‘But Lwhen weithr W: one this only. one come fupf. sued. two came up.,’? _ . . _“Very.well,” said Nicoya, “lotus- now prove it. Let us try again, both r ‘ . g in. of us. If nothing. come up, then. have we no power ofimagic.” Together they threw in clods and uprose another man and woman. But this pair, Henry and Leoncia, could swim, and they swam side by side to the natural landing place. and, like the rest that had preceded them, passed on out of sight among the trees. ’ Long the two Indian girls linger- ed. For they had agreed to throw nothing, and, if something arose, they would coincidence be prOved. But if nothing arose, because noth- ing further was by them evoked, they could only conclude that the magic was truly -theirs. They lay 'hidde’n and watched the water un- til darkness hid it from their eyes: ' and, slowly and soberly, they took the trail back to their village, over- come by an awareness of having been blessed by the gods. CHAPTER XXII OT UNTIL the day following his escape from the subterranean river, did Torres reach San An— tonio. He arrived on foot, jaded and dirty, a small Indian boy at his heels carrying the helmet of Da Vasco. For Torres wanted to show the helmet to the Jets 'and the Judge in evidence of the narrative of strange adven- ture he chuckled to tell them. First on the main street he en-- countered the Jefe, who cried out loudly at his appearance. “Is it truly you, .Senor Torres?” The Jefe crossed himself solemnly ere he shook hands. The solid flesh, and, even more so, the dirt and grit of the other's hand, convinced the Jefe of reality and sub- stance. Whereupon the Jefe wrathful. “And ,here' I've been looking upon you as dead !” he exclaimed. “That Caroo dog of 8. Jose Mancheno ! He came back, and reported you dead—- dead'and buried until the Day of Judgment in the heart of the Maya Mountain." “He is a fool, and I am possibly the richest man in Panama,” Torres replied grandiosely. “At least, like the ancient and heroic conquistadores I have braved all dangers and pen- etrated to the treasure. , I have seen it. Nay ” Torres’ hand had been sunk into his trousers’ pocket to bring forth the filched gems of the Lady Who Dreams; but he withdrew the hand empty. Too many curious eyes of the street were already centered on him and the draggled figure he cut. “I have much to say to you,” he told the Jefe, ”that cannot be said now. I have knocked on the doors of the dead and worn the shrouds‘ of corpses. And I have consorted with men four centuries dead but who were not dust, and I have beheld them drown in the second death. [I have gone through mountains, as well as over them, and broken bread. with lost souls and gazed into the Mirror of the World. All of which I shall tell you, my best friend, and the hon- orable Judge, in due time, for I shall make you rich along with me.” “Have you looked upon the pulque when it was sour?" the Jefe queried incredulously. . “I have not had drink» stronger than water since I last departed from San Antonio," was the reply. “And I shall go now -to my house and drink a long long drink, and after that I shall bathe the filth from me, and put on garments whole and de- cent.” . Not immediately, as he proceeded did Torres gain his house. A ragged urchine exclaimed out at sight of him, ran up to him, and handed him an envelope that he‘knew familiarly to be from the local government ~ wireless. and that he was certain had been sent by Regan. ‘ became «you are doing: well. . mpg}; I; you keep party a. _ a’y fromfiew‘ for three weeks; in . ,Ii‘i ms» ; Concordia.“ ar-' “And. when we threw two... . money—. Twin other” commutes, Torres’ :2 long anus Bands-she, as 131.19;qu enteringiftiig {it of . our Rodriguez? :Ferhia‘nd . . ,4 e was intercepted brthe ~old' Mays priest with whom he had last parted in the ‘Maya mountains, He recalled as from an apparition, for Sure he was that the old-man, was drowned in the Room of the .Gods. Like the Jets at Sight of Torres, so Torres, stfisight of, the priest, draw back in startled surprise. - > ' ‘ “Go sway,"‘he said. “Depart, , restless old man. You are a spirit.‘ Thy body lies drowned and horrible in the heart of the mountain. You are an appearance, a ghOst. Go away, nothing corporeal resides in this illusion of you, also would I strike you. You are a ghost. Depart at once. I should not like to strike a ghost." . But the ghost seized his hands and clung to them with such beseeching corporallty as to unconvince him. {‘Money,” the ancient one babbled; “Let me have money. Lend me mon- ey. I will repay-B—I who know the secrets of the Maya treasure. My son is lost in the mountain with the treasure. -V The'Gringos also are lost in the 'm‘ountainf _ Help me to rescue my, son. [With him alone will I be satisfied, while, the treasure shall all be yOurs. But we must take men, and .much of the white'man’s wond- erful powder and tear a hole out of the mountain to drain, the water in the room where stand the jewel-eyed Chia and Hzatzl. .Their,_eyes, of green and red alone will pay for all the wonderful powder in the world. So let me have the money with which to buy the wonderful powder." But Alvarez Torres Was a strange- ly constituted man. Some warp or slant or idiosyncrasy of'thls nature always raised insuperable Obstacles to his parting with money when such .parting» was unavoidable. And the richer he’ got the more positively this idiosyncrasy asserted itself. “Money I" he asserted harshly. as he thrust the old priest aside and pulled open the door of~Fernandoz's store. “Is it I who should have I who are all rags and tatters‘ as a beggar. I have no mon- ey for myself, much less for you, old man. Besides, it was you, and not I, who ,led your son to the Maya mountain. On your head be it, not on minethe death of your'son who fell into the pit‘ under thee. feet of Chia that was digged by your an- cestors and not by mine." Again the ancient one clutched at him and yammered for money with which to buy dynamite. So roughly did Torres thrust him aside that his old legs failed to perform their wont- ed duty and he fell upon the flag- stones. The shop of Rodriguez Fernandez was small and dirty, and contained scarcely more than a small and dirty showcase that rested upon and equal- ly small and dirty counter. The place was grimy with the undusted and un- swept filth of a generation. Lizards and cockroachcscrawled along the .walls. Spiders‘Webbed in" every corner, and Torres saw,’crossing the ceiling above, what made his step hastily “to the side. It was a seven inch centipe'de which he did. not care to have fall casually upon his head or down his back between shirt and skin. And, when he appeared crawl- ing out like a huge spider himself from some inner den of an' unventi- latedcubicle, Fernandez looked like an Elizabethean stage-representation of Shylock—withal he was a dirtier Shylock than even the Elizabethan stage cOuld) have sto-msched. ‘ The jeweler fawned to Torres and in a cracked falsetto humbled him- self even beneath the dirt of his shap. Torres pulled from his pocket 9. haphazard dozen or more of the gems gulchqd“ from the; Queen's chest. selected the smallest”; and, without a. word, while at, tiresome timeroturné ’ ing the rest to. his pocket, passed it ' ' - overto the jeweler. , ; . - * ‘ . --wlien "delicious and refreshing" mean the most. THE. COCA—COLA CO. ATLANTA. GA. l Drink?“ ’; wee-a7; .. =DELlClOl15 and. .', . BEFR’ESHING 9p: FREE BOOKLETS ON FARM SANITATION The following booklets tell how to pre- vent- disease among livestock and poultry and give directions for using KreSo Dip No.1 (STANDARDIZED) PARASlTlClDl-I AND DlSlNFECTANT which is specially adapted for use on all Livestock and Poultry BOOKLETS No: [Si—FARM SANITATION. Describes and tells how to prevent diseases common to livestock. No. l57—DOG BOOKLET. Tells how to rid the dog oi: fleas and to help prevent disease. No. lGO—HOG BOOKLET. Covers the com- mon hog diseases. No. l85-'-'-H(Xl WALLOWS. Gives complete directions for the construction of a con- crete hog wallow. No. l63 —POULTRY. How to get rid of lice and mites. also to prevent disease. Kreso Dip No. l is sold in original packages at all drug stores. “Ml. INDUSTRI DEPARTMENT OF 7 PARKE, DAVIS & co. ‘ DETROIT. MICH. ,rch‘ases ' inane by e'eders at the St. . e" Michigan filir Changeling Queen, consigned by the Strickland Estate; of Carthage, New York. Changeling Queen has two records above thirty—six pounds, the better one being 38.9, and she was bought by Both and Waters of Grand Rapids. In the Seven day division ‘ she is the highest record cow owned in Michigan. The G. L. Spillane & Son Company of lio ,Michigan, bought the 32.5 pound cow Vale Cornucopia Fayne, consigned by D. D. Aivtken, and her daughter Eva Fayne of Cluny, a 24 pound three year old consigned by R. Bruce McPherson, of Howell. Michigan. The Spillane Company is making a fine showing in long dis- tance work, and there two cows will be put on semi-official test. Mr. >W. L. Hoffman, steward of the Michigan School for the Deaf at Flint, took back two good heifers. Pontiac Monica, a sister of Pontiac Irene, consigned by Pontiac State Hospital, and Traverse Inka Princess Weg, a granddaughter of old Trev; erse Princess Weg, consigned by Traverse City State Hospital. These were two excellent heifers, both with good records and breeding, and will make a valuable addition to the herd. The Flint school is one of the last of the Michigan institutions to be con- verted to the Holstein idea, having kept a herd of Ayrshires .until recent- ly. However, they are starting in with a very good class of cattle and the steward says that they have al- ready increased their milq supply very materially and with only one— half the number of cows. The Michigan breeders were great- 2 Paul nartioiial’saie Was the cow’ ly pleased at the . Aitken as President of the'.Nati0nal Association for another' year. They feel that no one was better fitted to stand at the helm during the troub- ulous times of the past year and that no one is better qualified to go on during the coming year and help to solve the problems now before the organization. , A list of the names of Michigan people who attended the meeting and sale follows: D. D. Aitken, Flint; G. L. Spillane, Flint; Walter Hill, Flint; W. L. Hoffman, Flint; H. G. Spill- ane, Clio; E. M. Bayne, Detroit; Mrs. E. M. Bayne, Detroit; Dudley E. Wa- ters, Grand Rapids; Thomas Waters, Grand Rapids; Martin Buth, Grand Rapids; .John Buth, Grand Rapids; E. W. McNitt, Grand Rapids; M. W. Willard, Grand Rapids; J. Neal Lam- oreaux, Comstock Park; John Bull- endyk, Sparta; Peter Terpstra, Ber- lin; John Tobin, Allegan; F. D. Cut- ler, Wayland; H. H. Buckhout, Kal- amazoo; H. E. Rising, Woodland; B. Rising, Woodland; G. A. Weed, Lake Odessa; E. M. Ruehs, Lake Odessa: Charles Lepard, Lake Odessa; Dr. R. W. Chivers, Jackson; H. D. Board— man, Jackson; John Boardman, Jack— son; Corey J. Spender, Jackson; E. H. Halsey, Pontiac; J. Wilder, Bay City; G. B. Pike, Traverse City; L. Kelsey, Three Oaks; Oscar Wallin, Unionville; Mrs. O. VVaallin, Union— ville; S. H. Munsell, Howell; Mrs. S. H. Munsell, Howell; Frank Witlvtz, Howell; Frank Wiltz, Jr., Howen; D. H. Hoover, Howell; A. L. Smith, mmmumnnmmn =3 . ‘OOW’S EYES SW'ELL Would appreciate it if you could tell me what is the matter with my cows. Their eyes swell up, get all white mat- ter and their nostrils run strings of mat- ter. Just one cow had it in one eye about two weeks ago and I supposed she had been hurt in the eye. It all went away and now all three have it. The first time the cow’s nose did not run. They are pasturing on a place that has been used as pasture for years and there has never been anything like that notic- ed t~Lfore.—R. M., Saginaw County. Your cows have Epizootic Kerati- tis; this is a disease afiecting the eyes of cattle from time to time in cer— tain localities. It is seen usually during the summer months when the cattle are on grass. Almost without exception it attacks every animal in a herd of cattle which it invades; in rare instances a few animals may es- cape the infection. The one first at- tacked in an outbreak usually devel— ops the disease in a most severe form, and towards the latter part of the epiz-ootic the cases become milder and usually recover spontaneously. The disease affects cattle only; horses in the same pasture with the affected cattle'do not develop the disease, nor are other animals on the farm af- fected. In the mild or sub-acute form the symptoms are confined to the eyes; in the severe form the an- imal will show less of appetite and considerable interference with the milk secretion; the eyes are only partly open and the lids appear slight- ly swollen; sometimes within twenty- four to forty-eight hours nearly every animal in the herd is aflected. The treatment of this disease is en- tirely local, consisting of one per cent yellow oxide of mercury oint- ment. A small lump of this ointment of about the size of a pea is placed within the lower eyelid and the lids pressed together a few moments un— til the ointment becomes warm. It is then distributed over the interior surface of the eye ball by gentle massaging of the lids and the move- ments of the eye. The animal should be kept indoors and the stable dark- ened for a few days. In three to five days recovery is complete. In the more severe form in which the in character, a solution of zinc sul- phate of about/a three or four per cent strength is to; be used; It is lied with" a small glass Veterinary Department ||l|llllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllliilllllliillllllilmlmlllllllillllllllllilllllilllIlllllllllilllIiillllilllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllililllllllllllll”a discharges from the eyes are thick. ninjas-24 asthma»: um: Howell; H. D. Box, Lansing; Fred E. Shubel, Lansing; E. T. Janisee, East Lansing: H. W. Norton, Jr., East Lansing. Illllllll|lllllllllHillllll|lllllilllllllllIll'lllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlliIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll" with the owner or an attendant hold— ing the cow’s head, the person giving the treatment draws the lower eye- lid away from the globe, by pulling on the lashes. About a teaspoonful of the zinc sulphate solution is then squirted into the pocket or cup thus formed, and the lid allowed to return to its position. This is repeated three times daily until the symptoms have disappeared, then follow this treatment up with daily applications of the oxide of mercury ointment.— W. A. Ewalt, veterinary editor. BLOODY MILK I would like to know how to treat a cow that has not come around for nine months after calving. I also have a heif- er that came in three weeks ago and she gives bloody milk.-——M. D., Huron County. No. 1. I cannot very well ans- wer this question without having' some history of the case; did the af- terhirth come away properly after calving the last time? I suggest you have this cow examined by a quali- fied veterinarian, one who is able to determine whether or not this cow’s ovaries are normal. No . 2. Give this cow We drains Potassium Iodide, dissolved in about a teacupful of warm water morning and night.— W; A; Ewalt, veterinary editor. GET COW WITH CALF I bought a four year old pedigreed cow last fall; She was bred when ‘I got her. She came in heat the 7th of Feb- ruary May 23rd and'June 12th. I don't know if me is in calf now. What can i do for her to get her in cam—H. 8,, M10, Mich. She may have previously had a modified form of contagious abortion or may have cystic ovaries; a qual- ifled veterinarian, by making a. care« ful examination, should be able to determine the cause, and should, by the use of proper instruments, be able to treat hen—W. A. Ewalt, vet- erinary editor. WARTS ON COW'S TEATS What swill kill the warts on a cow's teats?—-F. S., Berrien County. Apply Fowlers’ solution of ar- senic. once a day; also give, animal one tablespoonful in a little water filection of Mr. ‘ Say "Bayer” when buying As irin. Then you are sure of getting true “ aye! Tablets of Aspirin”—genuine Aspirin proved safe by millions and prescribed by physicians for over twenty years. Ac- cept only an unbroken “Bayer package" which contains ro er directions to relieve Headache, Toot ac e, Earache, Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Colds and Pain. Hand tin boxes of 12 tablets cost few cents. g- gists also sell larger “Bayer packages.” Aspirin is trade mark of Bayer Manufac- ture Monoaceticacidester of Salicylicacid.‘ Jr“ W Y x 1‘ GGGOOO’O. ’QO'OQOGOQ Your Wife Will Know Get. a new pair of Boston Garters and ask your wife to examine them. She will recog- nize the superior grade of ma- terials used—she will appreci— ate the careful, painstaking workmanship and will under- stand why it is that “Bosténs” «V3©39©©x0dszbbbbbwbtdomb‘bb‘bEb Wéxa it sous Ivenrwflcni GEORGE FROST co., Msnzns, BOSTON .iwaiYXYYYIYKIW)YJYY)Y)TYY)Y)YYXY‘NlfiY(Y{Y(Y(YIY(YI Saws 25 Cords a Day The Ottawa Lo Saw falls trees or cuts ofi’ stum I level With groan . Saws up lo 9, cut: nip branches, cs cutter, mus ump jack and other ltmach nery. Moon on wheels. asyto move on here. lo Year Guarantee. soDsys Trial. Write for-Free oolr and Cash orEssyTerms. OTTAWA MN). 60., 148] Wood 81., Ottsws, Keno. or ‘un .. a l u ’- Wbight running, as elm .d Is. NEW "90115ka i Consensus-u. lILCbIIst‘ For best results on your Poul- try, Veal, Hogs, etc., ship to CULOTTA & JULL DETROIT house on this market. BOOK about Sick Horses, Sheep, Dogs and Poultry, mailed. Address Dr. Humphreys' Medicines, 156 William St, New Yuk .___, Name “Bayer” means genuine" Say “Bayer”—-lnsistl ‘ 94. Not connected with any other ‘ ‘ .‘SICK ANIMALsa‘ Veterinary Road the Olssslflsd I‘tdliv _ . .4"... ‘ ,H. l, E's DUCT"!!! F " morning and night—W. A. "Ewoy,l veterinam editor... ' : Ill I9- ,‘ Lfi ‘ 11 w \, IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIiIIIIIillIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII1illlllIIllllIlIlllIIlllIiI mmmmlmumum iiliiilillliiIllIll'IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IlIlIi' r 10 avolo conflicting dates we wnl without cost. list the date of any Ilve stock sale In M'Chisan. If you are oonslderln a sale ad- vlse us at once and we will cls am the date 'or you. soul-en. lee Stock Editor. 111- B F.. Mt. Clemon \ Aug 4. Duroc Jerseys. W. C. Taylor. Milan. Mich. Aug. 6 Duroc-J so . O. 11‘. Foster, Pavilion inch er 3' Oct. 26!; Poland Chime Wesley 311°- Ionia. Mich Oct. 27. Poland Chinss. Boone-Hill Co.. Blanchard. M ich Oct. 28. Poland Chinas. Clyde Fisher and E. R. Leonard. s1. Loui.s Mich. Oct. 29. Poland Chinas. Chas. Wetsel b Bonl. 111116.. Mich. Oct. 80. Poland China. Browbsker & Bone, Ekis. Mich. Selling Purebred Holstein Cattle is Profitable Do you realize that purebred Hol- stein calves bring a very liberal price? Every day this breed is be- coming more and more 'known. Breeders are telling the public about the value of the milk. The demand today for purebred Holsteins is greater than the supply. Here is opportunity for you to get rich. Hundreds of calves every year are sold from $100 to $200 apiece. With plenty of food and ordinary care these cattle will average from 350 to 500 lbs. of butter per year. Can you see opportunity here? Remem- Aber, “Holsteins are the most profit- able cattle.’ . Send for Free Illustrated Booklets. THE HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION 295 Hudson Street Bratileboro. Vermont (IDIOIAL ADVIRTIOJNG RATIO under this heading to honest broaden of "some you a Proof and tell you whet It will cost for 13, 26 or 52 times. Dresden Auction sales novel-used here at special low rates: self or: Y one I)I and. ou ca no. 8 z 1...... Mt. rum will he sent on Do tor still rof ocpyuoftenumh. geese! ’ BRIEDIR.’ DIRIO'I‘ORY. ‘I'NI MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMER. ML QUINN. Mlohlllh- HATOH urns (Slate and Federal Tested) YPSILANTI,‘ MICE. OFFERS YOURG SIRES Yearlings and younger, out of choice advanced registry dams and King Korndyke Ar- tis Vale. Own dam 84.16 lbs. butter in 7 days; average 2 nearest dams 37. 61, 6 ' near- est 33. 93. 20 nearest. 27. 83 Bulls From an Accredited Herd HILL CREST FARMS, MUNCON, MICHIGAN RISINGHURS'I‘ JOHANNA ORMSBY DIMPLE 195068 born Nov 25. 1915.11 offered for sale. His sirf is by Johanna Concordia Champion 60575 (29 A R. 0. daughters, two 80 lbs. 9 above 20 lbs) who is by Colanth Johanna Champion 45674 60 A. R. 0. daughters) a son of Colantha 4th's Johanna, 35. 22. the only cow to ever hold at one time 11 world's records in every division from one day to a y.esr His dam, Lindenwood “Dimple 2nd 189424. 27. 33 lbs. butter. 465.30111. milk, average per cent fat 4. 70. isA by Duke bOrmsby Pietertjo Do Kol 44764 (10A 0- daughters, 2 above 30 lbs.) and out of Lindenwood Dimple 104 4.601 She has 75 per cent the some breed- ing as Lindenwood Hope, 30. 61 Write for price and other information ED WARD B. BENSON A SONS, Munson. Mich. A NICE STRAIGHT LIGHT COLORED BULL calf born February lst. Sired b Flint Henv gerveld Lad. whose two nearest (Isms average 32. 66 lbs. butter and 735. 45 lbs. milk in 7 days. Dam. a 24 lb. daughter of a son of Pontiac De Nijlander 35. 43 lbs. butter and 750 lbs. milk in 7 days. Write for prices and extended pedigree to L. C. KITILER Flint. Mloh. A ORAHDSOR OF KIIIB OF THE PORTIAOS that will be ready for service in September whose own Sister has just made o1er 221113. 1 rzf butter as a Jr. 3 year old and whose Darn has made over 20 lbs. and we own both of them and they are due to freshen again in January and will be bested. This young hull is well group and a top line that could not be beat. his Dani's 1 2 sister has just made "her 30 lbs . His price is only $150 00. From a fully accredited Herd. RAZLEY STOCK FARM. Ypsilanti. Mich. Address all correspondence to JOHII BAZLEY 819 Atkinson Ave. DETROIT, MICHIGAN INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY of your DAIRY HERD by using a REGISTERED HOLSTEIN SIRE We ha 11 bulls of all ages listed at reasonable prices. Also grade and purebred cows and heifers MICHIGAN ' HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION Old State Building Lansing, Mlci1. MR MI! K PRODUOER Your problem is more MILK. more BUTTER, more PROFIT. pcr cow. A son of Maplrcrest Application Pontiac—— 132652~4rom our hes1'y—yesrly-milking-good-but- her-record dam will solve t Msplerrost Application Pontiac's dam mode 85,103 lbs. butter in 7 days; 1344.3 lbs. butter and 23421.2 lbs. milk In 365 days. a is one of the greatest longy distance sires. His daughters and sons will prove it. \\ rite 11s for pedigree and prices on his sons. Prices right and not too high for the average dairy farmer. Pedigrees 11.1141 prim-s on application. R. Bruce McPherson. Howell. Mich. BABY BULLS _ Grow your own next herd sire. We have three beautiful youngsters—~5traight as a line. big- 1,03de brugged fellows. senior sire. ORISKANY PONTIAC ndual dams of of blood lines. Write for our sale list. BOARDHAII FARMS JACKSON. MIOH. Holstein Breeders Since 1906 '. , TAKES« A HOLSTEIN IULL 125'00 calf born Nov. 23,1919. 2an marked. Two nearest dams average 22.5 bl! I. see of Alums Pontiac Butter In. Yafl’lln Oehewelno. Mich. 36 pound son of KING OF THE TWO BULL ‘OALVES bull‘a'dliuled Hholsteln- Fmshn. sired by 80.87 lb. a role es no one The” calves are "17 1113.114 9 wm‘bo ’ paced“ cheap it .0011. HARRY 'I'. 70.... [MIL Mich. BUTTER BOT ROSKIIA PRINCE“ .11. 257672. herd sire. son of]! gOna. In from ,o 80 lb one you and dun. Butter Boy Bosiria 2nd 200 640. made 29 lbs. and almost 800 lb. in months. she has I. 83 and 36 1b. sister. Have some fine young bulls and heifers and some hoif~ ere bred to h fro A. 0. cows with records from 22 to 80 lbs. Write for {prices Hemps hire hon {all been. read: reunion ilts. wheelers for 111T pics. 11 and Pete stallion use lens. In. .Ame‘Id American bred. om URLLIV .790! I'll. III Counsel-.8001. Frees. Calm W. 8.. Mich FOR SALE 8 NEWER CALVKC. cue from a to 8 months 8 BULL CALVI8 one ready for heavy service COW two with 18 and 20 lb. seven day records. Five with good profitable cow testing records. Wri for pedigrees and prices.Be Herd free from discs . E. BROWN aelroeclsvlllo, Mich. Breeder of he]. stock only 11 and Bo mwflteoutwhst I mugumheveoteofler“ WM Maple Rldce Herd of Bates channel-m for. for sale a roan bull calf 9 mos. old. all?“ 8 E. TANSW ELL. mu. For Cole. Mllklng Bhorthol-n Bulls from two to 16 mo. old. Dams civic 40 and 50 lba pol day. Yearly records kept. ordlintubercu tested ' J‘s." .EWER.R R‘IO, Butt-IO Creek. “loll. KENTn counrv .1110an launch! are storing bulls and both!!! for 8910 In 'nSell the scrub and mom A mus. Sos’y. gallons. 1111.11. was ’1' DO YOU WANT? . ORTHORN breeders. tan with best milk or beef m ages. Some females. . C. W. Cram. Central Michigan Sher-thorn Association. Brides Michigan. FREEDOM IIEBEFOIIIIS Cows with calves at side, open or bred heifers of popular breed- ing for sale. Also bulls not related. ALLEII BROTHERS PAW PAW. younger ones. J. I represent 41 tfiou‘n Poseidon t H.- MIOH. SOLD ABAIII Bull calf last advertised sold but have 2 more that are mostly white. They are nice straight fel- lows.s1'red by a son og King One. One is from 17 b. 2 yr. old dam and the other Is from a. 20111. Jr. 8 yr. old dam. she is by a son of Friend Hengervcld De K01 Butter Boy. one of the great bulls. JAMES HOPSON JR" Owoseo, Mich. R 2. OLVERINE STOCK FARM REPORTS 0000 sales from their herd. We are well pleased with the calves from our Junior Herd Sire “King Pon- tiac Lunde Korndyhe Segis” who is a son of “King of the Pontiscs" from a daughter of Pon- tiac Clothilde De Kol 2nd. A few bull calves for sale. W. Sprague, R 2, Battle Creek, Mich. FIVE HOLSTEIN sbLLs up To 39 Les. breeding. Good producing dams. Priced to ell. L. PRITOHARD A SON. Elwell, Mich. MUSOLFI' BROS.’ HOLSTEIN1 We are now booking orders for {oung bulls from King Pieter 802's one 170506. All from A. R. 0 dams Hardy Northern Bred Hereford: BERNARD FAIRFAX 824819 HEAD OF HERD 20 this year's calves for sale. 10 bulls and 10 heifers. JOHN MeoGRlOOR. Mich. REGISTERED HEREFORD CATTLE KING IRIPIATER HEADS OUR HERD We still have eight good bulls and some hen. ore for sale. Come and see them. MARION STOCK FARM Tony B. Fox, Prop. Marlon. Mich. MEADOW BROOK HEREFORDS Bob Fairfax 495027 .at head of herd. Regis- tered stock, either sex. polled or horned. mostly any age. Come and look them or.ve ..EARL C. MoCARTY. Bad Axe. Nonlsvllle. Mlohlosn . . 120 HEREFORD sauna. ALDO know of 10 or 15 load: flue! Quality Shorthom and Angus steers 6 to 1000 lbs. to the farmers of Michigan that we are now ready to supply them with Canadian bred Shorthorn females either straight Scotch or Scotch topped mllkers at reasonable prices. If your community needs the serv- ices of a high-class Shorthorn bull, write us for our Community Club Breeding plan. PONTIAC’S Heads ohrIIerd Several 30 pound cows all under Federal Sup- ervision, good bull calves and a few bred heifers for sale. HILL CREST FARM. or write John P. Hehl. Ortonvllle, Mich. 181 Griswold 8L. Detroit. Mich. OUR HERD SIR MODEL KIIIB SEGIS GLISTA His sire a 30 lb son of Lakeside King Sula Alban De K0! His dam, Ghats Fenella 32.37 lb. Her darn, Glista Eincstine 35. 96 lb. His three nearest dams average over 33 1b. and his forty six nearest tested reia ves average over 30 lbs. butter in seven days. of!" one of his sons ready forse GRAND RIVER SOTOOK FARMS Corey J. Spencer, Owner. lston Rapids, Mich. REGISTERED H'OLSTEIIIS .2: 1.312.": 1 WM. GRIFFIN. R. 5.. Howell. Michigan ‘ Established PALMER BROTHERS . In 1898 Balding. Mich. SHORTHORNS FROM AN ACCREDITED HERD grandsons and granddaughters of Avondale Maxwalton Jupiter 754193 heads our herd. JOHN SCHMIDT & SON. Reed CIIY. mob. SHORTHORIS 5 bulls. 4 to 8 mos. old, all roans, pail fed. Dams good milkers, the farmers' kind, at farm- ers‘ prices. F. M. PIGGOTT & SON. Mich. Fowler. THE BARRY COUNTY SHORTHORN DRIED- ers Association announce their fall catalo read! for distribution. Scotch. Scotch Pop and duties Shorthorns listed. Address w. L. Thorpe. Gem. Milo. Illoh. w th credible records We test annu- Owners anxious to sell. Will he] buy ”0 ally for tuberculosis. Write for prlo- commission. C. F Ball. Fairfled. Iowa. on and further Information. ‘ 4 Muslofl Bros.. South Lyons. Michigan ANGUS . SHORTHORN ' . . W W‘ h A I The Most Profitable Iona e 15 t0 nnounce of farming. a car load of grade dairy heifers from LENAWEE COUNTY’S heaviest milk pro. ducsrs to include a pure bred ANGUS hull of the most extreme beef type for combination beef and dairy farming. Car lot shipments assembled at GLENWOOD FARM for prom t shipment. Methods cxpla nod in SMITH'S P‘ROFII’ABLE STOCK FEED! ING . 400 pages illustrated. GEO 8M! TH. Addison. Mich. BARTLETTS’v-una one session". ANOUI CATTLE AND 0. LC. Swine are right and are priced qpondence solicited and impaction Invitath0 CARL BARTLETT. Lawton, Mich. GUERNSEYS 1 BULL, sr. nus. UERNSEYS FOR SALE. tell Sultan sire Longwater Prince Cliagmant (18714) 411 R. daughters. 4161b. fat at 1-2 years old. Dan1.Dsgna of llillhurst (35989) A. R. 548 lb. fat at 2 1- 2 yrs. old. 1 bull calf. 6 mos. old of similar breeding. Also a few fine heifers of the above bull. It will pay you to investigate. Prices and edigree on application. ORGAN BROS., 1, Allcqan. Mich. REGISTERED GUERNSEYS ORDER YOUR BULL OALF NOW for later shipment. Let me send you a real ped- igree of better bre‘eding. J. M. WILLIAMS, North Adams. Mich. HI VAN DURIN DO. SHORTHORN IREKD- ers' Association have stock for sale. both milk and beef breeding. Write the score RANK BAILyEY. Hartford. Mich. BIO BOOK 11111er1113 Herd Headed by Johan Pauline Dc K01 Lad 286554 a son of Flint Hengerveld Lad and Johan Pauline DeKol twice 30 lb. cow and dam of Pauline DeNijlander (Mich. Champion two years old.) Bull calves from dams up to 28 pounds. Roy E. Fickies, Chesaning. Mich. 'F. IULLs AND Mich. FOR BALE—POLLID DURHAM Oxford‘l 'Down Roms. A. DeOARMO. Muir. Shorthorns of Farmers’ Prices FOUR SCOTCH TOPPED BULL CALVES under one year old. These are all roam and choice individuals. FAIRVIEW FARM E. Boyd Alma, Michigan ONLY FEW . LEFT AT OLD PRICE BELL. Rose City. Mich. . Wm. J. Clay Ired shorthorn bu1T SHORTHORIIS calf LIVE STOCK ‘s. u. IALL. FILIX‘WITT eve-oo- nnnnn one. so. oooooo Business Farmer. 3:1,], are b0? honest and competent we 0 011 no or the other of the above well-known experts will visit all llvo~stock sales of Importance in Michigan.__ northern Ohio and Indians. as the oudtbu tornado! of this weskbat sprung“ . purchases. rite the; in paper. Their serviceis ‘mterrsts also helpsiyou ‘ errangle your Isle. etc. t3." work exclusively thtbe WN 11ch FOR fiALE from a heavy producing dam. W 8. HUIIR. Olldwin. Mich. FIELD MEN .. ..\. Cattle and L Sheep Horses and swine on... exclusive Field Men of The Michigan. men of standing in their lines“? in Michigan JERSEYS Highland F arm-Jerseys Ofi‘egis: Bulls of serviceable age. of 11.0. Sire and Dam’s with high production records. Also bull calfs. Write for printed list of prices and description. HIGHLAND FARM, Shelby, Mloh.. R 2. or Sole—Jersey bull calves.» Oxford and la- jesty breeding. Dams are heav producers. J. L. CARTER. R4, Lake 0 out. Mich. MPROVE YOUR JERSEY HERD WITH ONE of our Majesty bulls. FRANK P. NORMINGTON. Ionic, Mich. ~-—eVery breeder Can use M. B. E's Breeder-3’ Directory to good advantage ”was: have? You e magnum IIItIiJIor‘BO days we will an bulls 'tor service for $100. .Bull calves and heifer calyes ’for $50. - FIIIIILAY BROS ' ' SWINE. POLAND-CHINA IG BOB MASTODON Sire was champion of the world, his Dani's site was arsnd_champion at Iowa State Fair. Get a grand champion while the getting is good. Book~ ing orders now. Bred gilts are all sold, but have 10 choice fall pigs sired by a Grandson of Disli- sr's 'Giant. 8 boars and 7 sows. Will sell open or bred or best. “grow, to BIG BOB. , c. . as NAN , Eaton Rapids. Mich. . LARGE TYPE P. C. » ' A. few choice Dfld glib'iornnlo. Also {all glib and rs, some very'good prospects of excellent reading. Gilts bred to ORPHAN'S SUPERIOR ho bf; BIG ORPHAN‘S EQUAL by ID BONE 03? AN by 1316 ORPHA . v Dali sgaurr's CHOICE by ORANGE sun. by incl 0 ANGIE. A. Free livery to visitors. . Wm. J. CLARKE Eaton Raolds; MioII. BIG TYPE PO- land (Ilhinas. WALIIII'I' VALLEY .. My 1920 crops will be sired by Giant Clansman No. 324731, sired by,Giant Clansman and Art's Progress No. 877041. ‘ A. D. GREGORY, Ionia, Mich. L. T. P. C. I have a fine lot of spring pigs sired by Hart's Black Price, s. good son of Black ‘ champion of the world in 1918. litter of 7 'pigs, sows and 2 boars, Prospect Yank, a son of the $40,000 that are sure Humdingers. F. T. HART. St. Mich. THE LARGEST BIG TYPE P. 0. IN MICH. Get a bigger and better bred boar pig from my herd, at a reasonable price. Come and see them. Expenses paid if not as represented. These boars in service: L's Big Orange. Lord Clansman. Orange Price and L's Long Prospect. W. E. LIVINGSTON. Perms. Mich. BIG TYPE sired by Yankee, Louis. POLAND CHINA! WITH QUALITY Nine fall gilts out of litters of eleven and t rteeii, for sale. J. E. MYGRANTS. St. Johns. Mich. BIG TYPE P. C. SOWS OF CHOICE BREED- ing, bred to Big 'Bcno Bone Boulder No. 728.- 672 for Sept. farrow. Spring pigs either sex. Healthy and growth . Prices reasonable. L. W. IARN s A SON, Byron. Mich. BIO TYPE POLAND CHINA BREO GILTS. one fall boar, spring pigs both sex, and tried lows while they last. HOWLEY IR08.. Merrill, Mich. OARS ALSO SOWS AND PIOG. ANYTHING you want. Poland Chinas ol the biggest type. We have brod them big (or more than 25 can: our 100 head on hand. Also registered urch- ercns, linlsteins and yxicrds. Everything sold at a reasonable price. “1‘ a sguars deal. JOHN c. BUTLER. ortiand. Mich. ‘ FAREWELL LAKE FARM large type P. 0. Have a fine lot of spring pigs Clansmsn’s Image 2nd. he ntpost. and ing's Giant.» I will sell King’s Giant No. 327.- 149. He is '-a real sire. He was first prize year- ling boar at Jackson Co. fair, 1910. W. B. RAMSDELL. Hanover. Mich. ’ BIG , TYPE POLAIIDS In introducing our herd we offer choice p123 by W’s Sailor Bob and out of dams by BUS“; Boy. Long Superba, Smooth Wonder 3rd, an Orange DesMoiiies. ,I’riced to sell. W. CALDWELL a SON. Springport, Mich. L. s P c roun cuoma srnmo sun nu. boars left. A few extra nica slits loft bred for April Iarrow H. O. SWARTZ. TH ANNUAL P. C. March 13. 1920. L‘.'. J. HAGELSHAW. hhooicrsn, Mich. BRED 80W SALE, For particulars write Augusta. Mich. lg Type Poland Chinas. Am offering three boar Bpig's at weaning time at reasonable price. Reg- letered in buyers named Siired by Big Long Bob. f r edi recs an pr ces. Write ‘MogE Hence" St. Charles. Mich. Am Offering Large Type Poland China Saws, I bred to F’s Orange at reasonable prices. Also {all ‘ s. Write or call. SEYDI FISHER. ‘ns. St. Louis. Mich. 8min "vi-p ' by Walt’av ‘Orlol‘i. Flrst'li'.‘ Yoarlldl Detroit. Jackson, as. 'Rapids and easinaw. 1919 ' Phill' B "R" I M’ h ips ros, iga, IC PIAOH HILL FARM Duroo sows and gllts sired by Proud Principal. Romeo Cheri-y King Brook- water Gold Stamp 7th an Rajah oiit’OI’ dams by Limited Repair and the Principal IV. Bred to Peach Hill Orion King and Ba ah Cherry Col- mwooc snos.. Ron'loo. Mich. AM SELLIIG DUROGS August 4th. Get on mailing list for catalog. W. C. Taylor, Milan Mich. nuroc Jersey Souls and Ollts bred for Aug. and Sept. farmw. 1.000 lb. herd boar. J08. SOHUELLER. Weldman, Mich. ounces CzéstIDINO. All! AND . o. 2. movie. Jonmo. was. nunocs EXTRA GOOD MARCH BOAR PIGS b Detander's Cherry King from BmIWltflfibf sows. 825' to' 35. red. a. It. osakmo.‘ Ann Arbor Dunno BOIARHS. GILES AigbedBROOD sows o a ages. ows r or open. Now- ton A Blank. Hill Crest Farms. Perrington. Mich. Farm 4 miles straight south of Middleton. OR SALE: ONE DUROC Brookwater breeding stock. JOHN CRONENWETT. BOAR FROM Choice spring pigs. Carleton, Mich. D FROM PRIZE UROC BOARS WINNING STOCK ready for service. Geo. B. Smith, Addi- son, Mich. M EA DOWV I EW liogs. Spring J. E FARM REG. DUROO JERSEY Digs for sale. . MORRIS. Farmlngton, Mich. OAKLARDS PREMIER GHIEF llerd Roar~Reference only——-No. 120219 1919 Chicago International 4th Prize .Ir. Yearling A few spring pigs left at $25 BLANK A POTTER Potterville. Mich. Spring bred sows all sold. Have nunocs good Sept. pigs, both sex, sired by Liberty Defender 3rd. from Col. bred dams. Gilts will be bred to an Orion boar for Sept. furrow. ~ , or: " does . 0.. , a M'Lmflwlfi- an ‘14s“ “Id at 'm w t . . _ sex. ‘gl‘llteprlloday, ‘ Will infirm you. Eltller LPH OOSENS. LOVQI‘INQ. Mlflhy HAMi'sm‘iziss ’ BOARS READY FOR SERYIIIE A 1 red 8 loo 8 ow w. A. EASTWOOD. Chesaning. Mich. HAMPSHIHES A rzw ones oILrs LEFT nd f blood lines. a all boar pin from new JOHN W. SNYDER. St. Johns. Mlch.. R 4 O. I. C. o i c mm BRED FOR SEPTEMBER FARROW yone guaranteed safe in darn also a few choice spring pigs. either sex. F ll BURGESS Mason, MIch., R 3 ,I. C. AND CHESTER WHITE SWINE Choice sow pigs of March furrow. Bloodlines of the Grand Champions Prince Big Bone and C. C. Schoolmnster. Write your wants to CLARE V. DORMAN. Snover‘ Mich. Flno lot of registered 0. I. c. Bred Saws of good blood lines. Schoolmaster breeding. weighing 250 to 400 lbs. at $60 to $90. JOHN ODOERFER, Mariette. Mich. o. I. 033—8 Gholco young boars, March and April pigs at Weaning time. CLOVER LEAF STOCK FARM, Monroe, Mich. MUD-WA Y-AUSH-KA FARM offers 0. I. 0. .spring pigs, also special summer prices on breeding stock in White Wyaiidottes Barred Rocks. White Chinese Geese and White. Runner Ducks. No more eggs this season. DIKE C. MILLER, Dryden. Mich. sort-reuse chemo sum: rice real KIDS tensor ' SELL You any Mona ewes until next ]fall. 'l‘o :nkrne ‘Irl’wneggs' I can ofl’ r 10 very gom young - ropsire that willelsmb in April for 8400. Their lambs contracted tolme should not "1.0“ thanppurchaas rice next fal .. ., . p Also. 10 mighty nice ews lambs for 8860.‘ in mi see them. 00.2(3PE‘KON FARMS. Goldwater, Mich. I AM OFFERING FOR FALL DELIVERY HIGH class registered Shropshire Flock established 1800. O. LEMEN. Dexter. . Fan ano‘PSH'BEthaYEhzceI-lslioa and-{1g write or call on ARMSTRONG BR08.. R 3, Fowlerville, MIDI. rams. Mich. Everything sold out. both ewes and ram I' am breeding 50 owes to "Stroman 209" an excellent bi. boned type ram lamb that ‘1 weighed 11 lbs. October 1. Booking orders g, for 1020 rains. I OLARK U. HAIRE. West Branch. Mich. l' ‘ arr A sues" Lot Amoriosn dilampsm's' Shoe Association sand on a on y with “all or breeders. lvme oomronr a. TYLIR, Ioc'y. 10 Woodland Ave.. Detroit, Mich. ' ' I .7 PARSONS ”1",, grmmga [loll and ship overywbo and no our. . l Ems. hmxi'flsiuhi’a: PABSONS,GrandLodgo.Mich. ml h PET STOCK BELGIAN HARES-—-YOUNG AND OLD STOCK, all high bred. Send for prices. SHERIDAN RABIITRY, Sheridan. Mlch. l FLEMISI’I GIANTS STEELs AND bLAcKe‘r from 6 weeks old up. Also bred does and does with litters. All pedi- greed and some registered. Must sell to make room for coming young stock. Write your wants. F. C. BENNETT. Box 66. Willi-Hilton. Mich. rates for 18 times or longer. It In type. send proof and quote rates by return Advertising Department, Mt. Oiemens, POULTRY BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY Advertisements Inserted under this heading at 30 cents per line, per issue. Write out what you have to offer and sand Michigan. Special it In. we will put mail. Address The Michigan Business Farmer. H. O. KIEILER. Oassonoils. Mich. SPRING PIG. REG Dunno JEnsr Can furnish stock not akin. Also yearl- ing sons. Will breed {or early fall litters. Sat- isfaction guaranteed. F. HEIMS A SON. Davlson. Mich. MAPLE LAWN FARM RIO. DUROC JERSEY Swine. Sows bred to Model Cherry King 10th {cg Aug. and Sept. farrow. Write me your wants. ERN N. TOWNB, R 9. Eaton Rapids. Mich- ! OFFER A FEW WILL-IRID CIA-IOT- F.X&djlnrlns Duraanoarsthlsc bred 00'! IN ,1 n season. ‘ w McNAUOHTON a‘ro‘llovcs. as. Louis. Mich. Dunno GILTS BRED FOR AUGUST FAR- rnw. Spring pigs either sex. JESSE BLISS A SON. Henderson. MIGH- MICHIGANA FARM Sells Quality Durocs Friday August 6th. Bred soWs, boars and open gilts. All immunized. Now is the time to start with pure breds when the hog market is bad and few are investing. Sell grades and buy good pure breds at a low in- itial cost in this our first public sale. Pavilion is in Kalamazoo County on the main line of the Grand Trunk R. R. at junction of Kalamazoo branch. All are invited. Write for catalog. 0. F. F OSTER. Manager Pavilion, Mich. BERKSHIRES . 1'. P. c. FOR SALE. orniuo rice or both sex. Sired by Wiley's King Bob the Big Smooth hind. JOHN D. WILEY. thOOIoPA“. Mloh. . . 0. soul! ALL COLD. ORDERS lights: for boar pigs at weaning time from Mich. champion herd. visitors always welcome. E. R. LEONARD. R 3. St. Louis. Mich. DUROCS DUROO JERSEYS. FALL IOARI. 200 lbs. eagh. Sirod by a 800 lb. easons. l . memo: E. DAIIIO A CON. Ashby. Mich. uroc sows and elite bred to Walt's King 32040 B who has sired more prise winning Dill at the sate fairs in the last 2 years than any other Dn- WIIOH‘I’ boar. LARGE ENGLISH RECORDED BERKSHIRII. Bred gills and spring pigs for sale. Osseo, Mich. PRIMEVAL FARM, ONI 30W TWO YEAR. OLD BERKSHERE due July 7th, one boar Jan- uary farrow and (our sows March ‘iarrow for sale. Best blood lines o! the breed. ARIA A. WEAVER. Chesaning. Mich. cnnconr ranu nmnxsumm Iron tit. Choice stock 201- sale. Write your err:nts. W. S. Corsa. White Hall. Ill. CHESTER WHITES GHESTEH “fllTEs ‘9'“. Pill in Pain or trlos from A-l mature stock at reasonable prices. Also a few b roc board. Newton Barnhart. St. Johns. lush. v and tall nukes;- ~ ........... sure.“ W" o. l. c. sows FOR SALE“ ONE OF THE NEST HERD: IN MICHIGAN ‘ mmwlsum. Isidro. 0.1!. m mamp'fi" want a BIG YPB sow. guaranteed rig‘t rs . red Gilts (or May (arrow. F. W. Alexander. Vassar, Mich. ‘ 82.00, 50 V POULTRY ORPINGTONS AND LEGI'IORNS Two great breeds (or profit. Write today for free catalogue of hatching eggs, baby chicks and breeding stock. CYCLE HATCHER COMPANz. 149 Phllo Bldg. FOR SAL MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS. Toulouse Geese. White Pekin ducks. either sex. 34 each at once. Old ducks welsh 10 pounds cuss: sro'cu FARM. Marietta. Mich. LEGHORNS SINGLE COMB BUFF LEGHORNS. hatched Cookerels. Farm i‘unge from lent laying stock. J. W. WEBSTER. Bath. Mich. GRABOWSKE’S s. 6. WHITE LEGHORNS. Young and old stock for sale. EARLY excel— LEO GRABOWSKE. Merrill, Mich.. R 4. WYANDOTTE liver, Golden and White Wyandottes. Bargains in surplus yearling stock to make room for growing birds; Clarence Browning, R2. Portland. chicks, Lsghorns, Camplnes, Beds, Wyandottes. Tyrone Minoroaa, spanish, Houdans Rooks, Orpingtons, Brahmas. Poultry Farm. Kenton. Mich. B‘BY cfllcxs FTgflroOla’hligIng PM“ Leghorns, Brown Lefhnms, $16 per 100. Anoonas, $18 Postpaid. an arrival ranteed. Catalog free. SUPERIOR HAT HERY. Clinton. Mo. cchKs ROSE AND SINGLE COM. R. I. Rods, Barred Plymouth Rocks, $18 per 100.. $0 per 50. $4.75 per 25, prepaid and- Sflfi‘ delivery guaranteed. Catalog free. last batch July 27th. INTERLAKES FARM. Box 4, Lawrence. Mich. HATCHIN G EGGS FOR SAL HATllHlllB Elias FROM A HEAVY LAYt nig strain of S. C. It. 1. Beds at $2.00 per set- ting of 15 eggs. $10.00 per 100. ’stook of excellent type and quality at all es. , Satisésction guaran teed. HEIMO A SON. Davison. Mich. . 0. BROWN LEGHORN COCKERELS. each. White Pekin Ducks. $2 each. MR3. CLAUDIA BETTS, HIIIsdan. MIch. $1 white Wyandottes, Dustin’s Strain, culled by ex- perts for utility, size and color. Eggs 15 for or more 10c each. by mail prepaid. ANO‘FARM. Hartford. Mich. LANGSHAN BLACK LANGSHANS OF QUALITY Bred for type and color since 1912. Started from pen headed by Black Bob. F‘irst priz‘e cool at International show at Buffalo, Jan. 1912. Eggs $3.50 per setting of 15. Winter laying strain. DR. CHAS. W. SIMPSON. Webbervliie. Mich. BABY CHICKS CHICKS—CHICKS 5,000 chicks every Tuesday in July. Grand laying strain S. C. White Legliorns at $13 per 100; 87 for 50, full count, lively chicks at your door. Also Anconss at $15 per 100; 88 for 50. Satisfaction guaranteed. Eleventh sea- son. Order direct. Cam Y. long free. HOLLAND HATCHER 7, Holland. Mich. A New Book on PRACTICAL SHEEP. HUSBANDRY .--BY-- ’ I Wm. A. BURNS A nicely illustrated book on prac- tical methods of producing, feeding and fattening sheep and lambs for market. Sent postpaid on gecoipt oi! price, 0 - MIGIIIGAN _- Boom ransom ‘ R. '5, MucmWn ’ ,_,- nit-101m» on? Wm BOSE COMB BROWN LEGHORN EGGS FOR sale. One fifty per fifteen eggs. Flemish Giant rabbits that are giants. Quality guaranteed. E. HIMEBAUOH. Goldwater. Mich. zoos ron‘ HATOH- ing from selected layers, 82 per 15. prepaid. Pens. $16 to 2 S 5. FRANK OoLONG. R3. Three Rivers. Mich. BABBED nocK maturing stock from heavy laying strain. 32 per 15. 5 per 45 by prepaid " parcel post. It. (1. Kirby. R1. East Lansing. Mich. “ATCHING EGGS—PLYMOUTH ROCKS (ALI. varieties) White Wyandotte, Ancona and Ron- en Rucks. Catalog 2c. SHERIDAN POULTRY YARDS, Sheridan, Mich. s. . AND R. 0. BROWN LEOHORN £00. for hatching winter layers, 81.00 for 18. EVA TRYON. Jerome. Mloh. HITE WYANDOTTES: logs from vigorous early yearling ewes and HAMPSHIRE SHEER: l _ x' \ I IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIO GIVE M B. F JUST 10,10» 11 I} , i I , _1 THE BIG SUMMER subscription drive for. new readers fer the Business Farmer is on and .1 busy as you are, We hOpe- you ’11 Spare 111st~ the few minutes necessary during the next few weeks to DO YOUR BIT FOR M. -.B F. l The power of this weekly TO HELP YOU is measured just exactly by the number of names on our mailing list. You know there are many good farmers right Pleasereaclr every word of this “letter—it means a in your neighborhood who do not receive this weekly. o 7 , - ' They do mm the mt... lot to {our friends but more to You. and advice which appears only . - J . in this weekly and so they 1'! llllIll|llIllIlllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllflllllllllflllllHllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllfllllll dump their produce when crop Do you know what The Michigan Business Farmer, your friend, needs selling time comes and thus more than anything else in the world? :gwgzilln'ices on what you have Well, I'll tell you! THEY ARE THE ONES YOE It needs Just ten thousand more subscribers on the farms of Mich- $3311; filfipsonn, F0 igan and must have them if it is to do for you uand for the, farming business By offering them The tglilsli- in our home state what it has set out to accomplish this year, 1920. 2:35 31.111193011101230: “Erase? We could hire salaried agents, but their salaries, rig hire, (250), we make it easy for you eating and sleeping expense, would g____ost mo___r__e than they could collect from old to get them to subscribe and ~ no good business farmer who and new subscribers combined. - ' “Wives this weekly f‘” nearly So, we must come to you , the friends of the Business Farmer, who Six months will ever again be . without it 1 know what we are doing, what the paper has accomplished and ‘what it is striv- ‘ ing to accomplish and we must ask you to help us get these ten thousand new AND JUST To MAKE subscribers that will make this paper stand head and shoulders above [T INTERESTING any single farming institution in the state. HERE’S A $100 ' So, here are our co-operative summer subscription prices, made at a loss, for only one reason: to get the ten thousand ew subscribers lN PRIZE MONEY! 9—— , that your weekly must have. FORANY. MAN, WOMAN, . BOY OR GIRL WHO READS Right down in the corner of this announcement is a coupon---it has “1:: flgiiNfisisntiigfiR;nd room for ten names--—it ought to be mailed in from every family who believes worth a lime special effort on in our paper, with every line filled--- . th 1 1 . your part or e par (1 some ——-if each would do his or her share---think what it would mean! member of your family, we will put up a Hundred Dollars in Prize Money, to be distribut_ You can offer during this drive jag new subscr1bers only, The ed September first, 1920, to Michigan Business Farmer, every week to any address anywhere in the United :2? gfiib‘grhoofel‘l‘gwm $151: 133:; States at the following special price, subject to withdrawal at any time: subscriptions as follows: , FIRST PRIZE ..... $50 GOLD N—E—W TRIAL SUBSCRIPTIONS' SECOND PRIZE . $25 GOLD ' THIRD PRIZE .. .310 GOLD (BALANCE OF 1920 FOR IWENTY—FIVE CENTS) :g‘da $050:::l:t::nt}le ”‘3’“ three _ Surely, there is not a man or woman engaged in farming or inter- If any two prize winners are ested in the farming business in Michigan who will not dig down and hand 5,39%:er 11:35:39 £3139 $111312; you a quarter to try out and prove to themselves the merits of this weekly. credit, we wili Eward an equal Think o_f_ it: you can add ten names for two dollars and _a_. half! 1 t h, th 11 t - 2111121211113 bootizaiic tor Fi‘lisi‘st p.132? GET 'EM ON THE. TELEPHONE, call them up, tell them you are making we W111 award 93°11 one Fifty up a list of new subscribers at ridiculously low prices and that you'll send Dollars in Gold! There are just two rules; in their names and get the quarter when you see them the first time---you 1'1) A11 must be NEW eub- can make up a list of ten names in ten minutes! ~ , scrl ers. ' 2. They must be sent in ‘ HERE'S TEN NEW TRIAL SUBSCRIBERS! every Saturday as collected and the last report to count must |‘————-————_—-——-_————-'—__"—""—'—""_'——"'—-—— be post—marked before Septem- ‘ . . her first, 1920. The Michigan Business Farmer, Mt. Clemens, Mich. All you have to do to start , . 1 is to send in as many names,“ Dear folks . Here 5 my boost . . . you can get between DOW end . Enclosed find 3 to cover trial subscriptions below, for the next Saturday on the blank *— in the corner or this announce- . the balance of 1920 at Twenty-five cents (25c) each. Your friend, ment, then we will send you ' . _ ‘ . extra blanks, sample copies Name ' j , P'. 0. R. F, D, No, Mich, and return envelopes. , _ —" We Will keep you advised Name 3 ., - * f 3'. f ‘ . Post Office RFD State Amount 1 ‘ ' , / every week just where you stand and because all of our readers are busy now and will 1 be able to devote only a. little spare time now and then to -' this work, it will be easy for , you to walk off with the $160 prize, it you want it ! Take this offer to an'y’meet- ing of farmers, auction sale or picnic and see how quickly you _ can- get a list of new subscrib- ers at this low trial rate, never before oflered. * Hundreds of farmers are only waiting for someone to ole:- to send in their names for The Business Farmer! o l UGO-OII'TBOOIIIOCO00.00.00.00003...f'OCOO'IOOCVICCOIOIIODIIIOOIIOIOOICII... OOOOOOOOO 00...... 1 ’ ,r‘ 1’ . > , I ' . 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