_____..—..-_..___.__:==.._t_.-,_ -A.___ —:__,_.-, An Independent Farm Magazine Owned and Edited, 1n Michigan J VOL. X, N6. 16 c an rrlval. Glad to Get in the Fields Again Read in this issue: Government Millions Available for Farm Credits-*Shall We Plant Our Late Potatoes 7~Cammerc1al F ert1l1ze1' Found to be Better than Manure for Sugar BeetseButld a Styleroom scene. Expert designers and fashion artists create the styles for EJ shoes Style at a Low Price.— Our Easter Greeting to You N the past few months we’ve made hundreds of thousands of shoes for the Easter season. And the results are so good that this year it’s E-J’s for Easter ~ , everywhere. Never have our shoes been so good looking. Never have they represented such splendid val- ues. They’re built the Ef-J way to last long and keep their good looks. We’re proud of every pair. The big sale of these new shoes hasmade us very happy. You’ll be happy too ,when you see them. There’s a pair for you at your own shoe store now. Get them today. At any shoe dealer's with an E-J Sign in the m. Men ’3 Oxfords, boy’sandgr'rl’s shoes at economy prices. ENDICDTT-JDHNSDN Seuss Made With Smiles ' The streets ofthsbig shoe towns are lined with the attractive homes of the RH Workers. craggy/mfg; undoubtedly needs a. good cleaning after see~ You“ AUTOMOB'LE 1113 service through the winter months and MARVELITE—wTHE WONDER POLISH—should be hand. Th'm pelish on the nnrket which CLEAN! and” POLISHES thousand nailed VELITE discovery is the on in one o oration. users in gnu. ere are more information and an ELMER EOKERT, 104 South Avenue, flaunt Clemens, mailman. already a f One application of IALRVELITE will rotore the lustre to the body of any machine and the surincc will be left perfect smooth and dry so that no dust, oil, or rain will ulste. a I]? for special introductory oflertertgan‘suid your name and n on “IODY FACTS” FARM AND LANDS (Ans UNDER THIS HEAD 10:: PER wono) JUST OUT: BIG ILLUSTRATED GUIDE of the orgsmaation selling over 35, 000 imraved farms since 11:! founding-gregmo, :filanlmnedm to arms. 1on 33.113“;me money limdri vtahlablet tune ; hundreds of farms of a sec pious a 8 are Michigan farm for $600 See “I. 17 for'gd fined handy villa e, 35 acres down on ' ' orchard; comfortable ones, “33%;; good Age forces sale: furniture, or on, 1orse, poultry: full implements included, all 81.. Productive 62—acre Michigan farm descri0 page 18-h horses cows pou,li:ry sows _159pigs; city all Unable}:o variety fruitfli) —roo house, 85- ft. barn silo, houses I. 84000, only $1200 needed. so on go 29 comes 1954cre So. Michigan farm; 12 sets billable, variety fruit new 2-stary ”(-room house, furnace bathroom TOO-ft. barn. silo. tinnz owners low price 18,200. arses S cows full in: le- 1‘ ' v s .. Huntd‘r’leds of abefaggiris throughout Michigan, 1111- 39-?ng furniture, tools, seed included—ready for You can save time and money 5 rings planting; hel 1 book. Copy free. Write today. STBOUI‘ F, AGENCY 427KJ Mar- quette Btrlldinz. Chiago, Illinois. 80 A03 3000 HOUSE, 40 FIR“ LAID real and or nit-tut 4 a ‘ flint ‘ BOX 232, core DOW! PAYIEIT—So-AORE IEW ngn‘dL‘f-flm 3% miles from Glad dewln Coun “Wasatch” and deoulme try-ligargmg 11.35:; ““1 °‘ ' eds of tourism your door where hundr 1%,; 16:0: northern Michinnr eon-m Twelve new: “what: mp, new 16' x24’r frame house, stable, me at once for pa. rs. U. G. REYNOLDS. Gledwln, HELP WANTED MALE RTUNITY ron SALESMEN.mGREAT 0990 m . d 11 ms cts for men who “d ‘2, De mytgdayto De LA-22" COMP re deal. ' %TURE&01L c on n uh H ”GI-I m FOR Vignfli DON’T Waste Your Money on Cheap Tires I ofler Baline- Fa,rmers - anteed new stock COIfD “man's, - of standard maker 4 Kelly-Springfield or Goodrich-Silvertowns Ford Oversize at $12.95 each or Two for $25.90 (Ask me for prices on any other size) I also offer my own special VULCAN FLAT TREAT) CORD 0m stander-d Imfsctnr moudmdon11onoon§i Ford Size, $10. 95 Ishipssmedsyomorderkreeeivsd gamma. before 0. 13.. My % A murmflrm ron r051? (15 molar: “V0 ’0‘! WM. 0. 30mm, Tire Broker. 134 East Jeffersonave" Detroit . . x , (Reference: Puli'hsher .)° The Bush, mus PAY $200 MONTIILV “LADY, PURI- gmlstary Ed I fowdemE'o‘dh-mr, , BIG TURN-OVER IN FARM OCCU PANTS LAST YEAR . EARLY 1,260,000 farms, or ap— proximately one out of every five farms in the United States, changed occupants in 1922, accord- ing to a survey made by the United ' States Department ' of Agriculture. In 9 southern states one farm in every four changed occupants; in 6 states in theNew England group the .- turn—over was one farm in every ten, and in most of the; corn belt and western states between 10 and 15 per cent of the farms changed hands. Changes. in ownership of farms took place on nearly 400,00 farms, or approximately one farm in every six- teen in the United States. In gen- eral, more farms changed owners in the west and south than in the New England, Middle Atlantic and Corn, Belt states. Of the 2,300,000 or more farm tenants in the United States more than 626,000 changed the scene of their operations during the year. More than 75 per cent of these ten- ant changes occurred in the 15 south- ern states. Although the number of tenant farms in United States shows a net increase of 27, 000 for the year, more than 230, 000 tenants either discon- tinued farming for some other occu- pation or lefttheir communities for parts unknown to the department's correspondents. A percentage de- crease in tenant farms is shown in only 10 states; in 2 ,states the per- centage was unchanged. In general, the largest exodus occurred in the south and west. A. B. COOK TALKS TO GRANGERS B. COOK, Master of State Grange, was the speaker at the Huron County Pomona Grange hall, Thursday, March 15th. The Grange, he said, is the only national. farmers progressive organization that has stood for 50 years and is really doing things to educate the farmer so that he delights in raising No. 1 products and then can demand eventually a No. 1 price in propor— tion to the prices he has to pay for what he needs. One of the things that the Grange is striving for is a fertilizer plant which will be operated by the in— mates of the State prison. This will not interfere with any Michigan business as practically all of our fer- tilizer is manufactured outside this state. This will materially benefit the Michigan farmers as it will low— er the cost of fertilizer to the user. The Michigan State Grange at the present time has a contract with the prison to use its binder twine. They also have a contract with the State of Minnesota for farm machinery. This machinery is made by prison labor. AMERICAN CORN HANDICAPPED IN EUROPE UROPEAN corn ‘millers and stock breeders believe that the meal obtained from the Argen— tina hard flint corn is more nutri- tious than that obtained from the yellow and white corn shipped from the United States. Consul F. F. Du- mont, Frankfort-on-Marne, Germany informs the Department of Com- merce that the Argentine product is reputed to be better dried and to have better keeping qualities than American corn. The nutritive qual» ities of the two stocks are tested abroad by putting equal quantities of the diaerent varieties in contain- ers and pouring water over them. As Argentine corn absorbs more water, it is considered the better. CANADIAN RAILROAD WILL HELP FARMERS EW plans, never before tried, to increase immigration into. Can- ads. from European countries are be- ing put into eflect by the Canadian Pacific. Railway Printed forms for the use of farmers.have been dis- tributed throughout Canada. These are to be. filled out by agri- culturalists ting forth the nationality of the elp With cific RalIWay will undertake to de - liver immigrants who w'ill fill the re---‘ ‘ quirements.» __.___,_____ ” ANNUAL 11mm or EURoN Co SHORTHORN BREEDERS HE Huron County Shorthorn Cat- tle ' Breeders” Association an: nual meeting and bandtiet We‘d- * nesday night, March 7th, at the Ir» win House was a blinger. It easily topped anything of the kind prev-’ 1011st held here. A- £611! over 100 set down to the well‘filled tablesaf— _ ' ‘ ter singing “America.” Community Club members were invited guests, of Whom about 40 were present; enting the Holstein, and Hereford county associations were also guests. County Agent E. E. Twing presided and he certainly made it Snappy. There'was surely a flow‘of soul that A kept the feast of. reason guessing, but the great and growing cattle in— dustry of Huron county was ever Cattle men represe- , kept to the front, as it is all over \ first speaker. Michigan. S. H. Pangborn, president of the State Shorthorn Association, was the He commended the get- together spirit so manifest the past year among farmers, stock men and town people and paid some nice compliments to the Community Club. Prof. W. E..Edwards of the M. A. C., talked on the present day busi- ness farmer and the person that at one time was knowu to the city peo- ple as a “hay seed.” He was follow- ed by Dr. J. S. Wurm, of Pigeon. president of the State Veterinary Association, who gave a. short talk which created much laughter and at the same time . gave the listeners some valuable pointers on the rais— ing of stock. Mr. R. A. Turner, state leader of Boys‘ and Girls’ Club Work, discussed the club work in Michigan and told how it was help— ing to keep the boys and girls on the farms. Mr. W. H. McCarty, leading Hereford breeder of Huron county also gave a talk that will be remem- bered. Musical features followed ' the speaking and after that the pro- gram was concluded with a. picture reel on stock and farm topics by E. E. Twing and C. M. Horn. GOVERNMENT BULLETINS OF IN' TEREST IN APRIL SMALL list of Farmers' Bulletins and Circulars of general interest during April is belived to be of value to our readers. Copies may be obtained free by addressing the D1- vision of Publications, United States Department of Agriculture, Washing- ton, D. C. 1 Specify number and name and whether Farmers’ Bulletins or ' Department Circular. Farmers Bulletin 181, Pruning; 609, Bird Houses and How to Build Them; 662, The Apple Tree Tent Caterpillar; 710, Bridge Crafting; 734, Fly rape and Their Operation; 766, The Common Cabbage Worm; 842, Methods of Protection Against Lightning; 849, Capone and Capon- 1zing; 851, The House Fly; 874 Swine Management; 896, Rats and Mice; 909, Cattle Lice and How to Eradicate Them ; 932, Rodent Pests on the Farm; 946, Care and Repair of Plows and Harrows; 948, The Rag Doll Seed Tester; 949, Dehorning and Castrating Cattle; 959, The Spotted Garden Slug; 975, The Con— trol of European Foulbrood; 976, Cooling Milk and Cream» on the Farm; 979, Preparation of Straw— berries for Market; 1045, Laying Out Field for Tractor Plowing; 1085, Hog Lice and Hog Mange; 1096, Frost and the Prevention of Damage From It; 1175, Better Seed Corn; 1176, Root, Stalk and EarWOrm Dis- eases of Com; 1250, Green Manur- ing; 1284, Apple-Orchard Renova- tion. Department Circular 36', Use 1 of Poultry Club Products; 48, The . Club Members Home. Vegetable Garden; 214, Fusarlum Tuber Rot of _ Potatoes; 219, Phoma Rot of Toma- toes; 238, United. States Grades for - Potatoes Recommended by the United Stat} Department of Agri- - culture. _ , '9 requiring help, .set- ' wanted, male or female, wags, , 3d, , The lax-sen yield otWheat or ‘ Med 21 “nun—Hug-s- [iii-A ; V 0'“ V ' hiding a?) the tannins 111111113; - . , , Question Now is: men million dollars. is ready 1 to be turned over by the U. 8. Treasury to the twelve inter— mediate credit banks of the Federal Farm Loan Board immediately the. charters are issued. The $60, 000,- 000 capital authorized by the new law for the banks has been auto- matically accredited to the Farm Loan Board by the Treasury, accord— ”lng to Secretary of the Treasury A. W. Mellon. The Federal Farm .Loan Board has completed the regulations which will ,serve as the guide for the system’s operations in aid of the farmer. Tem- - porarily, at least, the board plans to hold loans made under the new law to a basns of nine months’ maturity. Judge Charles E. Lobdell, executive- of the Farm Lean Board, is quoted » as follows: .' "It is the ambition of those charg- ed with the administration of the new law to render maximum service, but elemental safety must be the first consideration. Banks and co- operative associations desiring to uSe the service and see it developed will make their best contribution by of— fering nothing, .but perfectly good paper. Direct Loans (to (lo-Ops. “Direct loans cannot be made to individuals. Direct advances may be made to coaoperatiVe marketing as- sociations or livestock associations secured by warehouse. receipts for staple agricultural products or by ‘ chattel mortgages on livestock. “No such loan may exceed 75 per . cent of the market value of the agri- cultural product or livestock. “Loans may be rediscounted for national and state banks, savings banks, trust companies, agricultural credit corporations and incorporated ' livestock loan companies. . “No paper can be rediscounted up—' on which the borrower has been charged a rate more than one and one-half per cent in eXcess of the discount rate of the intermediate credit bank of the district. “In making advances on ware- house receipts, the credit from bond- ed government warehouses or satis- factorily bbnded warehouses operat- ing under satisfactory State super- vision and regulation. This should lead to broader interest and greater activity in the development of ware— house facilities and proper regula- tion. Will Promote 00-0pcration _ "The facilities which .the banks will be able to afford to co-operative marketing concerns should lead to a greater development of. such enter— prises. ‘-‘Ample funds will be available for loans to facilitate original marketing but none to support speculative hold- ing of fart. products. ' “No loans will be made for a long- er period than 9 months, until the system is thoroughly tried out. Upon livestock paper, satisfactory assur- ance of renewal will be given in proper cases but only in aggregate amounts equal to the bank’s capital, ‘ and then the subject of the mortgage 1 must submit to reinspection and a satisfactory condition of security provided.” Many writers and students of eco- nomics fail to see where the present legislation is going to help the small farmer and stock or fruit grower 7- '5 Such as we have in the middle West, .. they are not optimistic as Judge Lobdell, that all is well, but they are now presented for the measure t and if found wanting, "‘a‘sto .meet the 1' , overnment M Homily agreed that the opportun- - ’ “The Only Farm Magazine Owned and Edited in Michigan” ‘ 1 ANALYSIS OF CREDITS LAW HE American Farm Bureau Federation submits the following brief analysis of the rural credits bill: (1) The maximum loan which may be extended to one bor- . rower by the Federal Land Banks raised from $10,000 to $25,000. The larger loans under the Federal Farm Loan System have been made by the joint stock land banks. Under the new legislation, the Federal Land Banks Will be able to make these loans and the borrower will get the money about 1 per cent cheaper. (2) Intermediate credit departments are established in each of the twelve Federal Land Banks. These departments may ex— tend loans for agricultural and livestock purposes from six months to three years. associations. They may make loans directly to covoperative They may discount for or buy from any state 01 national bank or trust company, co-operative marketing associa- tion, livestock company, or agricultural credit corporation, notes, bills, drafts, etc., the proceeds of which have been advanced or employed in the first instance for any agricultural purpose or to raise, breed, fatten, or market livestock. These departments may issue and sell tax—exempt collateral trust debentures with a matur- ity of not more than five years. (3) National agricultural credit corporations, with a minimum capital of $25, 000, may organize under the jurisdiction of the Comptroller of the Currency. They may make loans, rediscount, pur- chase or sell, commercial paper and also accept drafts drawn for agricultural purposes, or the principal of which .are to be so used. The notes and drafts are to be secured by warehouse receipts or other documents conveying title to unperishable and readily mar- ketable agricultural products, or by chattel mortgages or other similar instruments conveying a first lien upon cattle being fat- ten'ed for market; such notes and drafts to have a maturity when purchased, of not more than nine months. These credit corpora- tions may also make advances upon, discount, etc. ., notes secured by chattel mortgages upon breeding stock and dairy herds, such notes to have a maturity at time of discount of not more than three years. debentures with maturities not exceeding three years. The corporation may issue collateral trust notes or National agricultural credit rediscount corporations may also be organized under the Comptroller of the Currency with capital stock of $1,000,000 or more, for the purpose of rediscounting notes, drafts, etc., for the national agricultural credit corporations. * (4) Federal Reserve banks may now rediscount agricultural and livestock paper having a maturity up to nine months. (5) The War Finance Corporation has been extended to April 1 1924. It is now possible for agriculture to borrow money for produc- tion purposes for a period of time long enough to cover the reg- ular production process. Heretofore, farmers have borrowed on the same basis as merchants and manufacturers who needed credit for only thirty, sixty, or ninety days, or six months at the most. Farmers may need credit for the entire growing season and after harvest may wish to hold the crop for a favorable time to market. This is likely to require a twelve or eighteen months loan. For raising livestock a loan as long as three years may be desirable. Shall We'Plant Our Late Potatoes Earlier? By R. R. ROSSMAN, Lakeview HAVE often heard that late plant- ed potatoes outyielded early planted ones. Our experience is contrary to this. We find with the Russet Rurals that the earlier they . are planted the greater the yield. This we find is a practical advantage in favor of early planting. Of course we usually have a drouth in August and these early planted pota— toes have quite a top by that time and are using a lot of moisture. If one has followed good farm prac— tices up to this time and has lots of organic matter in the soil, it will be a very protracted drouth indeed that Will reduce the crop to or below the level of the late planted patch. Anearly planted potato stands up under hauling better than a late one at harvesting‘time and is the only kind fit to go on the fall market. If ' the late planted potato is given time to ripen 111 the bin befOre market- ‘ing, I see no objection to late plant- ing from this angle, but we all know that a lot of immature stOck is dumped on the market every fall and the general potato market suflers from it. I don’t think a let1 planted ‘potato should be allowed in braded sacks until it has ripened in the bin. . Field frost cost us hundreds of V; thousands of dollars last fall. Had our potatoes been planted early, we would have escaped a lot of this as they would then have been dug and out of danger before the frost came. Then if those that were waiting for the frost to ripen their potatoes had been compelled to store them for a few weeks in bins and pits before marketing, we could have gotten en- tirely away from this loss. If our potatoes were all pooled, too, our growers would lose interest in this idea of rushing their spuds on the market and we could market the ripe potatoes first, and let the im- mature spuds ripen in storage. In 1921 we had a great demonstra- tion of the advantage of early plant- ing over late, in another way. We had the hottest June on record. Those who planted before June seventh obtained a good stand and harvested a ripe even sized crop. After June seventh, because of the heat, seed potatoes deteriorated very rapidly as, the ground dried out deeper and deeper. The re§ult for the late planter with their weakened seed planted in the hot soil, followed up with a cloud burst that packed the soil, was about a. 50 per cent stand. When the harvest came they got a lot of pumpkins, fit only for hog feed. The earlier you get y0ur seed in .1 PER YEAR nun-d second-clu- tar. Wm 22. 1917c at mthe lemons REA. under act of March 3nd. 1879. ions Available for Farm Credits Judge Lobell, Head of Farm Loan Board, Explains New Credit Legislation Passed by Last Congress— Can Farmers Use It to Practical Advantage? the ground the more vitality it has, but be sure it is treated with corros— ive sublimate and is disease free if you would reap the full benefits of. early planting. Diseased seed will not have as good a chance of infecting your crap when planted late and harvested early, but why plant diseased seed? To summarize—If you would reap the advantages of early planting, plow in the fall, fit like a garden, plant disease—free seed, cultivate shallow and spray continually. If the field has good under drainage and is full of humus you are “sitting pretty’ as fal as yield and quality am concerned. If you 2119. bound to put a piece of thin land into spuds am your source of seed is questionable; and if you don’t believe in spraying, even for bugs, plant ’em late and sell ’em to any old line dealer. He will pay you just as 1111011 as he would if they Were good for humans to eat “’OOL MARKETS FOR 1923 AST year the mills and Eastern wool buyers felt that the local buyers pu one over on them by advancing p11ces during the buy— ing season and charging the full ad— vance of purchased wools to them. The local dealel made, as one ex— pressed-“ a barrel of money,” and in many cases made up the losses which were heavy in 1920. This yeax the East has said “that this must not happen again” and are paying steady to higher prices for imported wool. and acting real indifferent to the new clip. This is part of the play. Foreign markets are higher propor— tionately than Boston. Imports at Boston for the first week in March were 15,374,600 pounds; almost 1—10 of the U. S. production. Therv is a world’s shortage of wool;10 per cent, as compared with the five yeam pre— —wa1 average, and a 15 per cent shortage of wool in North Ameiica. In the U. S. from 1909— 13 the aver- age was 314,110,000 pounds; in 1921, 273,064,000 and 1922, 261,— 095,000. Western wool producers are standing firmer for what is more than equivalent to 50 cents a pound in Michigan, freight, shrinkage and quality considered. These men are asking that Ohio and Michigan do not cut the ground from under them by selling at a less figure. There is no better wool in the world than is produced in Ohio, Michigan and por- tions of adjoining states. Austrail- ian wool comes to the mills, skirted or with the legs and belly wool trim- med off. In this sense it is prefer— able, but the new tariff makes it cost proportionately more. Prior tariffs were practically of no protec— tion to the American growerywhen skirted prior to exportation, and the rejected portions were sent to free trade countries. Rejections and dis— count wool is a trade practice which has made undue exactions from the grower for hurry, seedy and chofiy wool. Importers of carbonized wool did not want to have this stock con— sidered as anything but clean con- tent wool, claiming that carboniziug was merely a cleansing process and the cost was normal. The treasury department however ruled that car— bonized wool was partially factured and must pay the higher duty. Unreasonable penalizing of chaffy and burrywool belongs to the past if growers would stand firm. Eight to ten Cents per pound is 'a very liberal discount. Fifty cents per pound for average clips» of wool should be the growers price this year. ——Jas. N. McBride, Pres. Mith. Sheep Feeders and Breeders A3311. manu- .' not needed to fill the market, obscure ailment. Doctors from seven states have been in con- sultation and, as doctors sometimes do, both agreed and disagreed as to Mr. Murphy’s symptoms. Some thought he should have an operation, MR. MURPHY is sick. He has an some that his physical system need—' ed regulating, but all agreed that he’d been over-exerting himself and needed to relax a bit. “What under the sun is she talk— ing about?" I hear you exclaim. Why about our humble friend, Mr. Potato Murphy. to be, sure. 01’ coarse you know he's ailing. Get- ting down to cases, here’s the story. Several years ago, three or four to be exact, potato producers became aroused to the fact that their product was subject to competitive juggling of‘ prices, discriminatory shipping agreements, hazy and biased inspec— tion reports and various other ma,— nipulations, most of them decidedly unfair. As a cure—all for these troubles it was thought a good system of co-op— erative‘ marketing would meet the needs. A great step in improvement was soon noticeable. Michigan first, then other in the “potato belt” or— ganized and started to work with WHEN THE POTATO CROP OVERFLOWS! There ls no market for the over-production and those that are serve only to demorallze the normal market, so no fair pr'ce is paid for the entire crop and growers must sell at less than It. cost to produce. zeal and promised such noteworthy results that the enthusiasm surged back and forth all along the line. It took root on the farm and in the small market town; great waves of it lapped the studious halls of agricul— tural colleges and the public mind focussed on Mr. Murphy gave a little bit of an inflated idea of himself. An Interesting encc Minnesota having bump- ed the bumps probably fully as much as any 10- cality in the Northwest, The Minnesota State De— partment of Agriculture Confer- on January 12, 1923. called a potato confer— ence of the states 0" M i c hi g a 11, Wisconsin, North and South Dakota, Montana, Nebraska and Minnesota, the 9th Fed— eral Reserve Bank and the National Markets Committee. The purpose of the call was to con- sider ways and means to better the marketing conditions in the potato industry in the northern group of po— tato growing states, by means of bet— ter diversified farming, or by better enforcement of grade quality by state grading or by improved car service, or by co—operative market— ing control of crop thru binding con— tracts calling for quality, time and place delivery, warehousing and fin— ancing. ‘ Delegates from four of these states BY M. L. BIGELow' were present and two others while not able to be at the meeting signifi- ed their desire to co-operate and to work together instead of competi- tively. Those who sat in at this discus— sion were able to visualize the status of the industry. As one speaker af- ter another spoke and different phases .of the problem were present— ed one could not fail to realize the magnitude of the W0 k ahead, and its absolute necessity 1f potatoes are to continue to be an important,crop in the Northwest. ' (lo—operative marketing, that mag— ic idea, so potent when accompanied by its able lieutenants, efficient and controlled production and expert handling, so helpless when standing alone, has been expected to do the trick. ' In any great manufacturing con— cern the sales organization is sup- posed to take charge when, and only when, a high grade, salable commod- ity has been produced in the right quantities which careful surveys have ascertained that the market can absorb, and a product which when sold will- be shipped to. the con— sumer in such manner that it will arrive in salable condition. Added to this the article manufactured is christened with a branded name, and this brand means a certain known quality and on this quality its price is fixed. How has it been with pota— toes? Has the exchange manager been able to say definitely what he is offering to the market? ' The crepe hangers tell us that in this case co-operation has fallen DON’T PLUNGE IN POTATOES REX E. WILLARD, North Dakota potato expert says: “Potatoes in a limited acreage are a profitable crop over a period of years but the man who jumps into potatoes in one year without the next, usually jumps in at the wrong time. The price of potatoes fluctuates up and down pretty consistently in alternate years in the opposite direction. " from the amount of production in the country. Our re- cords indicates, however, that over the long time period potatoes-are'even more profitable, acre for acre, than some other cash crops. Commercial Fertilizer Found to] be expenditure for fertilizer as do, sugar beets. Increases of from 1% to 3 tons of beets are not un- ' common for 400 pounds of fertilizer. The sugar beet demands a liberal supply of available plantfood, partic- ularly, in the early stages of growth. It.take_s a certain amount of plant— food to start the plant and make the leaves. Any plantfood in excess of this amount goes into making larger beets, increased leaf surface and ca— pacity to make sugar. Fertilizer vs. Manure Manure, while an excellent ferti- lizer for most crops, has some disad— vantages for sugar beets as compared with commercial fertilizer. When used, manure should be well rotted. applied. during the previous fall, and plowed'under so as to decay. Spring applications of fresh manure may cause short prongy, low yielding beets, and in many cases it carries so many Weed seeds that the labor nec- essiaryl to care for the crop is greatly increased. Furthermore, the plant- 'food in manure is not so readily available as in fertilizers, and does not supply available plantfood‘ so quickly early in the season. Fre- entlmeanure produces an unduly rge growth of leaves. and root above "und. Altogether, _ the best place [FEW crops give as large returns on ts, to build up the soil to the, ’re profitably. ,' _ . .Wh'at (Kind of Fertilizer _ ' o'st soils, the right kind .of hould . contain], fromtwo to -,-, n-3,; . ..... ._.,... , four per cent ammonia or nitrogen, eight to twelve per cent of phosphor- ic, acid, and two to six per cent of potash. The proportions of each of these fertilizer constituents will de— pend on the nature of your soil, and the farming practi e you follow. In a system of dairy or livestock farm— ing, where plenty of manure has been applied to the preceeding crops, it is not necessary to use much am- monia and potash in the fertilizer, especially on the heavier dark color- ed soils. On thin soils, a fertilizer fairly high in both ammonia and pot— ash will be most profitable. Practi- cally all soils in Michigan respond to a fertilizer high in phosphoric'acid, we are.advised by the Michigan Agri- cultural College. On sands and light sandy loams where legumes are growu in the rotation the 3-12-4, 2- 12-6, and 4—8—6 analyses are recom~ mended. On heavy sand loams, silt loams and clay loams, the choice of analyses may be confined to 2-12-6, man fet‘is on the" crops preceding , 111: where fertilizers can be used of the field a d This 'Mlchlgan field offing» heats show: the value of fertilizing your sugar ‘ ‘ ‘ . used 0 n the romalndar sown ' The tortlllm part I: a th no PM“ boots. Fertlllzor was wlthout tertlllzer. _ ’ flown on ,9 . ‘ .. L: , \ Northwestern Writer Tells what Happened, andOHIOw' Cooperative J i ‘ ' Associations Plan to Avoid Catastrophe in, 1923 ‘ ' down; but indeed‘it hasn’t. There. 1 I simply wasn’t enough of it. Those who are working out the potato prob,- ,lem are cOnvinced that co-o'peration is. the answer. Not co-operative marketing alone, but co-operation between prodtrCer and producer that may grow the amount and quality that, all may'sell at a. profit. ,Co-op- eration between grower and the local Warehouse manager, that the prod- uct may be graded and stored ’in such manner that when called Out by market demand there Will be no;- come-back from -the_buyer to reflect back on the man who grew the pota- toes. Co-operatidn between state ex- changesso that when one exchange has its market demand established and the’, channels of trade open, a sister state will not pour in. an aval- anche of potatoes and, as was done only last season in Michigan by the states immediately west, and wreck the market. Over-production Mr. Hughes, DireCtor of Markets, ‘in stating the object of the meeting called attention to the fact that 62 per cent of the potatoes which rolled in interstate commerce are produced in the seven states represented in the conference. He had prepared charts which were hung where all could study them. Among these was a very illuminating table show— ing an increase in potato production in these states of 33 per cent in the- last three years, with disasterous re- sults. Here are the figures: Acreage—Three Yea‘s . 1021 1022 Mich. 340,000 357,000 “15. 315,000 328,000 Minn. 430.000 486,000 h. D. 124,000 198,000 s. D. 00,000 110,000 heh. .. 102,000 139.000 Mont. 41,000 46,000 Total, 7 states—— 1,255,000 1,442,000 1,664,000 Yields—Three Years 1020 1021 1022 Mich. ....36,225,000 27,200,000 37,800.000 Wis. ...... 33,200,000 21,400,008 40,600,000- an. ....31,500,000 32,200.00 43,700,000 N. I). 0,500,000 11,900,000 17,800,000 s. D. _ 7,000,000 5,400,000 8,500,000 l'eb. ...... 8,400,00 8,100,000 11,600,000 Mont. 4,400,000 4,700,000 5,700,000 Total, '1 states— 128,000,000 111,000,000 165,000,000 The Director of Markets said: “Farmers agree that it is a bad year, next year will be‘ a good year. And what I am afraid of is that next year again will see an increase in: acreage and that We will be faced with a sec- (Continued on Page 19) Better than Manure for sugar Beets 2-16-2, 0-12-6, and 3-12—4. . Where a considerable amount of manure has been used previously in the rotation, the 0—16-0, 0-14-4, and 2-16-2 ferti- lizers are suggested. All of these fertilizers are what is known as high—analysis fertilizers, carrying the maximum amount of plantfood with the least amount of filler. Such fertilizers are: more economical per pound of plantfood than the lower analyses sometimes offered. How Much Fertilizer Some growers use 800 pounds of fertilizer to the acre. It is not ad- visable to use less than 200 pounds except under special conditions. In the majority of cases from 400 to 600 pounds per acre,will prove to be the most profitable amount to apply. A common error 'is to use too' little fer-‘ tilizer, or too low an analysis. How to Apply If the beet drill has a. fertilizer at- tachment, a part of the fertilizer, not to exceed 200 per acre, may be appli— ed at seeding time through this at— tachment. The remainder should be broad-casted by 'means of a fertilizer grain, drill or a lime and fertilizer distributOr, and harrowed Tor disked in before planting, Whe jbeet seed is sown With a grain dri l,_ leaving every third hole open for the seed, all of the fertilizer holes maybe left open.fSomeggrowers prefer to broad: cast all of the fertilizer, which is a , good practice ”when 660- or .800 , pounds are: used to___,the acre. Such" air-application should,- be» 'made he: be worked. thoroughl {ore seeding so that the: fertilizer, ca hos :2 : - . .\ I; , y ‘ . , , . < 3' , . . ’ l . , . r . .. in)» . _; . . p ‘ ‘ x . ' i - > , I ‘ . x . I“ . PHCTURES FRCDM FAR AND NEAR ' MRS. HENRV FORD, who was Clara Bryant, THE ROLLS ROYCE 0F INDIA.—For real class, the elephant cars kept by the native “MARK” THIS COSTUME—9n the conti- the daughter of a farmer who lived eight miles Princes of India surpass anything in the world in the way of pr‘vate e-uuinanes. TM nent the mark doesn't mean a thing, and it is from the Ford farm near Dearborn, Michigan. most magnificent trappings are used while artists are hired to decorate the tusks of the being used instead of paper to’ cover walls, Mr. Ford attributes a large measure of his suc- animals with carvings in precious metals and to paint extraordinary designs In glowing wrap up commodities, etc. Here is an original cess to his faithful helpmate and companidh and colors over the hides of the beasts. The upkeep of such a car would make the expense costume, taken at a masquerade in Amsterdam, she is carrym on as agressiveiy as her husband of keeping up a high poWered automobile compare with the upkeep of a kiddie car. Holland. The Dutch girl is covered With 100 many plans 0 social uplift and charity. Photo shows such a car being conducted through the streets on a hazive holiday. and 1000 marks. .I ‘ ' “THE BREAKING WAVES DASHED HIGH."-—Passengers and crew on the steamship SABOTAGE IN THE RUHR.—Incensed by the French invasion, the Germans are commit- Homeric declared that she had passed through what was the worst seas of her career during ting many acts of sabotage. Here is what happened in one of the railroad yards, in the her last trans-Atlantic trip. Many never expected to see land again. Here Is a view of the occupied Ruhr territory, The train was derailed and it was many hours before order was ship driving through an 80 mile gale with the waves actually mountain high. restored. The French are‘finding it difficult to punish the culprits. a m.» 7'55}: ~ BIGGEST DRUM IN.THE‘WORLD.——What is said tobe A VICTIM 0F “BLIND" JpSTIGE.—Leroy McKinney THOUSANDS FLOGK To LUXOR.—The discovery-.0! Ring. the biggest drum in the world, is this one discovered In a of Cincinnati; Ohio, was the v.ctim of‘ miscarried Justice. Tutankhemen’s tomb, in the ruins of Luxor, Egypt, has con-‘ i Logan; "If“. flange; m'e‘nyl‘ a?“ 13‘ ighdiajfleotezagndfwes H's was “sensato tn: 912:) glengaenglarymfgr‘gife as thteh slayer hertedi the dgsolat: relvlne Iinto de veritable mecca tor tourists}. ma 0' A an e s y rs . e as rom o a po cem n an s v ve n s w en e per- is or ens an arc aeoo ica stu ents who c m i an o or! we Igrim. bull featured In [cattle Show. petrator of the crime confessed. . "from all parts of the w‘brid '- o a stream no hem" ‘ ' ~ ‘ i ' - - - < . y ‘ . ' ~ (Copyright Keystone View compa'nyi *1. .. ‘9, Complete Directions on Constructing Tank that Meets Demand of Average Farm Home HERE is much evidence to show T that a tight, well-built, under— ground septic tank, so called, with shallow distribution of the efilu- ent in porous soil, generally is the safest and least troublesome method of treating sewage upon the farm, while at the same time more or less of the irrigating and manurial value of the sewage is realized. The antecedents of the septic tank were known in Europe more than 50 VERTICAL SECTION OF SEPTIC TANK years ago. Between 1876 and 1893 a number of closed tanks with sub- merged inlet and outlet, and all em- bodying the principle of storage of sewage and liquefaction of the sol- ids, were build in Massachusetts, New Jersey, Maryland, and ‘Canada. In the past 20 years great advance has been made, and many plants, large and small, have been built. Much remains to be learned, but it is now certain that many of the early claims for the septic process were ex- travagant. There is nothing mag- ical about a septic tank, and citizens should not trust implicitly in the name. septic tank is assuredly not “spring water,” nor is it harmless. It may contain, since the process involves intensive growths, even more bacter— ia than the raw sewage. As to the effects upon the growth and virul- ence of disease germs, little is known definitely. If disease germs bepres- ent, many of their number, along with other bacteria, may through with the flow or may be en— meshed in the settling solids and there survive a long time. Hence, so far as the danger of transmitting disease is concerned, spetic sewage is not improved materially over crude sewage, and the farmer should safeguard wells and springs from the seepage or the discharges from a septic tank with no less certainty than from that of liquefying closets and cesspools. In all sewage tanks a considerable portion of the solid matter, especial- ly if the sewage contains much greese, float on the liquid as a scum, the heavier solids settle — to form sludge, while other finely divided solids and matter in a state of emul— sion neither float nor subbside. If the sludge is held in the bottom of the tank to be converted into liquids and gasses, virtually to rot, the tank is called a septic tank and the pro— cess is known as septicization. Just how far this process maybe carried to obtain the maximum sanitary ben- efit with the least nuisance and cost is still open to question. As prec- iously stated, spetic sewage implies ofiensive putrefaction. Not only is this objectionable as to odors, but numerous examples indicate that sewage reduced to the septic condi- tion, or even highly staled, is less ef- fectively purified, whether subjected to artificial filtration or to the natu- ral filtration of the soil, then is mod- erately stale sewage. Aeration of a septic effluent seems to aid in its purification, but aeration lowers the temperature of the sewage and may result in the spread of objectionable V’ pants or disease. "From what has preceded. it. is'seen The liquid escaping from a - pass" .Ia... - n.-s -. g". . siQ-JV:;‘1~. '1 TWO HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-GALLON SEPTIC TANK AND DISPOSAL LINE—SUITABLE FOR THE AVERAGE HOME Build a Septic Tank to Dispose of Sewerage NEARLYD five years ago [built a septic tank, similar and no larger than the one here described to care for the sewage from a toilet, and kitchen sink at my home. bath-tub, wash-stand From that day to this it has cared for every particle of sewage frOm our family. Has never frozen up, filled. up or otherwise given a moment’s trouble of any kind. ' The outside privy ought to be one of the first things abandoned en any farm, there is no greater human convenience than an inside toilet and bath-room and none that will contribute so much to keeping your young folks on the farm.——Ed‘itor. that the septic tank is not a complete method of sewage treatment. With the general run of small septic tanks, it probably is close to the facts --to say that of all the solid matter in the crude sewage one-third is reduced to liquids and gas, one—third remains in the tank and one—third escapes with the effluent. The tank shown herewith is easy to'build and meets the demands of the average home. It has a capacity of 270 gallons, suflicient for not more than 6 or 8 persons. The construction of this tank falls under four heads as follows: Dig- ging the hole,‘ building and placing the forms; pouring and finishing the tank; constructing the disposal field. Select a place for the tank. This may be as near the house as desired but care should be taken so that the tile line does not run into a hillside, necessitating extra digging to reach grade. Dig a hole 44 inches wide and 56 inches long, making the sides straight and square, the hole must be 42 inches deep below the level of the sewer from the house. If the depth of the sewer is not known, make the hole 54 inches deep and then lay the house sewer to agree. If the hole is dug true and clean, the forms will fit into them nicely. The number and dimewions of the pieces required for making the form are shown on the drawing of the form. .Cut these pieces ,and put them together as indicated: The pieces marked “H” must be fastened in by toe-nailing, and by inside cleats. With the form put together as shoqun the drawing, nail or bolt two pieces of 2x4 timbers across the top to aid in handling. The form is now ready to place in the hole. By means of the 2x4 timbers the form can be placed as desired, cen- tered carefully and held at the right heighth, which allows a clearance of 6 inches between the bottom of the form and the bottom of the hole. Put interior braces in the form—pieces of board a little longer than the in- side of the form will do—to prevent the weight of the concrete from cav-' ing in the form. Level the form, and bevsure that it is firmly in place. The material required for the con- crete work includes 9 sacks of ce- ment, half a yard. of sand, and a yard of broken stone, slag or gravel. Mix the concrete about 1:2:4—not lean- er than 112%:5.. Mix the first few 10 5am ears?) Marx! p/f fa fur/2 wafer, gt I —-.-—-.. -5'0 0 :l. J I..___-_- p jfiwpmmnb //d fiwn ”Main/n, ppm Men ”of ”r ‘ 01¢ («It mama lap of pn‘ Iv pmrmfavrm; \ '\ flaw/2d lere/ ' /j/opr new off/f f4 Mrenf canny. Jun-aw a an” 0- My JIM/gym fl". IF YOU CAN’T HAVE I Dig a hole three feet a um and Ma r Bulld. the privy over It. hen the hole not do... Build a , around the t3 ‘ . Is filled to admin about 18 Inches house to: new pit, and cover the old‘ outwith 30“., Morin SEPTIO TINK, TRY THIS ' curb mac-"a , '0 with». is agent-930911., fut-oqoggmj are needed. ‘ - there shduldrbe no trouble “Lamond! ,al’ line may clog and regain], hatches a little stiff and use these {on the bottom of the- tank. If the 2... mixture is'not too wet, the sides'can, " be poured without waiting for the” bottom to be set, thus saving time. The inlet and outlet pipes can fit placed in ‘the form, or wooden boxes can. be used to form holes through: which the pipe can later he led. W " later method is usually the easiest": one. " A 6-inch hole should be pro- I ”A- . LJ "'7’," v. / r . . nn’uu'muun—nau- 1'. FORMS ASSEMBLED THE rouowme PIECES ARE aroma:- f son CONSTRUCTING Form * _. Place No. Diameter Place No. Dlamotn » A 12....118118 In. F 2....1x4x 4 In. ' B 12....1x8x28 In. G 4....2x4x24 in. G 24....1x8x15 In. H 4....1x4x48 In. D 24..2x4118 In. I 12....2x4154 II- E 2....2x4x28 in . - ’ FOR MAKING TANK cement. MATERIAL rd sand. 1 Yard broken stone or gravel. be concreted. Place elbows' at both 3 " ' inlet and cutlet, as shown in the drawing. , .- Let the forms remain until the , concrete has set for 36 or 48 hours. In taking down the forms, remove 4 the pieces marked “H” flrst,-atter which the main portion will slip out easily. Place the wooden baffles in .. the groves provided for them, set the . ,2” elbows firmly, and place the wooden? floor for the cover. A shoulder is 7" provided along the top for the pur-' . pose of supporting this. Make the ~' ‘ concrete cover 5 or 6 inches thick. It . ~, is well to construct a manhole in the *7 cover, and to use some reinforcing. . While‘ the concrete is setting, the ' " trench for the line may be dug. This should be at least 100 feet in length, but need not be in a straight line. Methods of bracing are shown-for ' use where straight-away space is not. 7 PSSSHmE~QNQEQQUWHSER numeral-tune» available. Dig the trench 12 inches 'tz wide and 10 inches deeper than the 1,, outlet of the tank. Fill the trench ~ te to the level of the outlet with broken 01 stone, slag, gravel, or cinder,>and on 34 this porouus bed lay the tile, careé la fully and to line, with a fall of about , fc 4 inches to the hundred feet. The ‘ 1); best tile for the purpose, as well as .. e; the cheapest, is the unglazed farm- .1_ to er tile, without bells. One hundred ' tt feet will be required. About‘3 or 4. ’ ._ yards of gravel, broken stone, slag. 10 or cinder will be needed for the" trench fllling.- " » After the tile is laid carefully grade, protect each joint from Wash‘ g by placing over it a cover of burlap, ” ' ‘ roofing paper, tile or similar mater- ‘ se i l, as shown. .Then cover with 3= _‘m or 4 inches additional of gravel or w. slag, and fill the remained of the 1- “1 trench with earth. . ‘l “3 .. The outfit is now completed,‘ and . hi will start to work as soon as sewage? ' is is discharged into it. No chemicals. " ' V” or other means for» starting action .‘ m It properly and carefully litilt, 8 or 10 years the mediation rears? ing. ‘ The ”tank .3631 cleaning. gilt; ‘ . newest r8;- f'arr’mi-a’ ivory VHH WIHEI’M . CAN NOT HOLD SILAGE ' I filled a silo tor a pirty last fall and said party has not paid for fill- in: yet. He put me on and then he had a sale and sold everything off. "He promised to settle with me after wthe sale, but he still keeps putting me of. ,Knowing he was in hard hope, I didn’t like to push him, but w6uld like to settle now, and he oesn’t seem to be in a hurry. Would fits to know whether the ensllage in the silo still'stands good for the pay of cutting and filling. How would I have to go about it to get it?——V.. 0., ‘ Whittemore, Mich. x 5—1 am of, the opinion you would not ~ have alien on the ensllage far your labor, but would have an adequate , temedyvin an action at law for the amount due on your contract of labor. ‘I would sue and get judg- ment and levy an execution on the ‘ — ensilage.—-Asst. Legal Editor. MARIN G VINEGAR FROM SOUR- EI) HONEY ~ 11 Would like to hear from some one if soured honey could be made into vinegar and if so how made?—L. V.. .Riggsville, Mich. ——-Soured honey may be utilized for vinegar, provided that the acidity does not exceed one and one-half: , percent after the honey is diluted. 3 A very good formula for making ‘ honey vinegar is forty to fortyafive pounds of strained honey, thirty gal- lons of water (preferably soft), am- . monium chloride four ounces, potas— l" .qsium. carbonate " and sodium phos— phate two ounces each. The chem— . ., .. ,. _icals should be dissolved in water kl? g and added to the honey. This will ' assure their complete solution. The abOVe chemicals are added to 7'9". :"~‘~ ‘ 'thehoney stock becauSe the honey after dilution is poor in nitrogen and ~ phosphorus and these are necessary foods for the vinegar— —making mic- reorganisms. Heat should be used , to facilitate the dilution of the honey and also to destroy the undesirable germs which the soured honey prob— ' . ably contains. ' After being diluted according to the above formula it should weight . . not less than nine pounds per gallon 4 ,4: 1 . in order to contain suflicient sugar. .. ' From twelve to fifteen percent sugar - should be present. Diluted'honey prepared in the above manner will then,have to be inoculated with vin- egar yeast, as the heat used in dis— solving the honey also destroys the ‘desirable germs. Pure cultures of yeast selected for its ability to pro- ,duce high percentages of alcohol "V , 'from sugar may be secured from the ._ ' Bacteriological Laboratory, East " Lansing, Michigan, as may also the chemical salts. The price of the chemicals and the vinegar yeast is twenty-five cents each for one-barrel amounts. Following the alcoholic fermen- tation produced by the yeast it will be necessary to add a vinegar bac- teria culture which is for the purpose of changing the alcohol into acetic acid of vinegar and which the state 1 law requires to be four percent be- ; ‘5 ., fore it is marketable. This vinegar ' ' ‘ bacteria culture may also be obtain? ‘ . ed from the Bacteriological Labora- -.-_‘ ,. tory, East Lansing, Michigan, and at _ the same price as the vinegar yeast. -—R. L. Tweed, Res. Asst. in Bacter- iology, M. A. C. ASSESSED TOO HIGH When personal property is as~ P3.” \ sess‘ed for two hundred dollars more than he would sell it for, or ' what he thinks is the real value of it, and he refused to pay taxes for that amount and it is sold, don’t they have to allow a man'at least what it . is assessed for, or can the assessor - value your property anything he wants to, and you have to pay it or have it sold for whatever it brings, or just enough to pay the tax for hat year? Also how is re: . estate hat is over-valued? All of our taxes are assessed from one to four undred more than we think they - arm for what we wogild sell in Monte Yer Information adds. tied tau thls department. mouths accompanied by to“ n m ended damp. » x...'. _. 5.1! ' \‘C ‘ ohm. Prom'm. careful stunt!” We are here Nuns not used If u m taxes, the defaulting taxpayer will receive, upon sale, whatever the property actually brings, after de- ducting the amount of the delin- quent taxes. He\ may redeem the property so sold at any time prior to the first Tuesday in May following the sale, upon payment of the amount of the sale, with interest at 1 percent per month. Property should be assessed at7its actual cash value, and when any taxpayer feels that his property is over-assessed, he should make .complaint to’ the board of review of his township, to have such assessment adjusted.— Asst. Legal Editor. HAS WILL BEEN PROBATED? Will you please let me know if heirship property can be outlawed or barred when there is agood title and also a will left to heirs and their heirs for ever and ever? Please let me hear from you. The property is in New York City. I have a large sum of money that was left me years ago.———Mrs. R. B., Beaverton, Mich. -—If money or other personal prop- erty was bequeathed to you by a valid will and the will duly probated, I am of the opinion you have a good avenfly , . However, it the will has not been probated and more than 4 years have elapsed since :testor's death, you may have lost your right to the property by its hav- ing been sold to a bona fide pur- chaser after the lapse of 4 years. Title to real property may be barred by adverse possession.—Asst. Legal Editor. MORE INFORMATION NEEDED . A farmer wishes me to help him farm on shares this summer but he does not know what share I should get. He has his hay planted and has about 20 acres and it is all good hay; has wheat planted, but the potatoes, oats and bean land has not had any- thing done to it. He has enough barn yard manure to spread it. Now the machinery and team all belong to him. All I do is to go in and help him and he is to work the same as I do. sells his cream. What share should I get from all these different things? Should I get a share of the calves and pigs or any other increase in live stock?—H. H., Boyn'e Falls, Mich. —Sufilcient data is not given to fig- ure definately what share of the farm income should go to._ you for your work? If it is possible to estimate the income from the various sources and knowing what you can afford to » work for it would be an easy matter to determine what portion you should have—F. T. Riddell, Dept. of Farm Management, M. A. C. He has eight cows to milk and. . ENTITLED TO ONE HALFOF . V ESTATE At the death of the husband sever- ~ al years ago no will was left, and only one child. There was some in— ‘debtedness on the farm, but widow. and child have remained on farm. paid the indebtedness, everything is clear from debt. The widow has liv- ed there continuously for 46 years. What share is the widow entitled to? -——Mrs. 8., Branch County, Mich. -——Upon the death of the husband without having made a will and leaving a. widow and one child, the widow and child would each be en- titled to one half of the estate, ac— cording to the satutes relative to des- cent and distribution—Asst. Legal Editor. CAN RECOVER DAMAGE I am writing to you for a little in- formation. I bought a cow register- ed and she was to have a calf in the spring, and she never had it or come around, and we went and seen the man I bought her of, and he made me an offer. I was to give $25.00 more and receive another cow. She was to come fresh inside of four weeks. I asked him if he thought it would hurt her to move her, and he said it would not hurt her, but he did not move her for 12 days after the bargain was made, and he put» [her in a truck and tied her, and she was sick when she was delivered. The cow was sick before she got to (Continued on Page 10) . r. Noah Lead: the World in Motor Car Value NAB H New Carriole Four Cylinders sze Pasrengers $1275 f. o. 6. Factory Five Disc Wheel: and Nash Self- k/ .. Mounting Carrier, $25 additional Now you can have an enclosed car that will stand up under the ‘ ‘racketz’ng ’ ’ of country driving. The new Nash Carriole for five people is built with surplus strength and solidity in every unit. And the body is of all-metal construction. Along with this greater endurance Nash has also given the motor greater power, intensified smoothness, and increased economy in operation. FOURS and SIXES Prices range from $915 to $2190, f. o. b. factory ‘ The Ford Fac- (Continued tram ,. ‘ , ' 1. " .Ma‘r. 17th issue) T CHAPTER XI tory, Foundry e -,.uth out can! ‘01" By?- Sarah 1", i ' Bushnell and 1 Trade ‘good‘ men, sue: gag} th The Ford Factory, Foundry and Trade School—His Americanism gfi:§,fi,‘;§,,,fif1d ‘36; e . first Ford (Copyright by Reilly & Lee 00) "ggéléooénfidicgcfi? factory outgrew the Piquette street plant, the larger plant in g Highland Park was built. This is really a great ,industrial city in itself. It ' covers one hundred and twenty acres and [employs fifty—three thousand men. Each employee receives his wages twice a month; yet every day is a pay day in some section of! the plant and a half million dollars is handed the men. In the Ford organization are men doing every conceivable kind of Work. The factory operates its own power, heating and lighting plant, fire department, telephone and tele- graph‘ exchange, freight and express ofiices, hospital, departments, motion picture studio. park and athletic field, band and auditorium, educational and legal departments, grocery, drug and shoe stores, meat market, tailor shop, and publishes its own newspaper—the Ford News. The Ford fire alarm system is said to be more efficient and up—to-date than any other in the country, even including the cities of New York and Chicago. Ninety experienced fire fighters are employed in the plant and two hundred trained workmen are ready to aid at an instant’s not- ice. When a general alarm is sounded the automatic call goes i11— stantly to the Superintendent’s office, factory service office, fire department headquarters and Chief Engineer’s ofiice. The minute, hour, day, month, year and box from which the call comes are thus recorded. Three hundred call stations are placed throughout the factory two hundred feet apart. The medical department is wond— erful and is one of the most modern institutions of its kind in the world. This is entirely separate and distinct from the Henry Ford Hospital, built at a cost of three million dollars and rented to the government during and after the war for one dollar a year. Mr. Ford calls this his garage. “It is my shop,” he says, “where I hope .people can get well as rapidly as possible and have their injured parts repaired.” A pretty bit of senti- ment is connected with the tall elms that reach to the fifth story of this building. They were moved from his Dearborn estate and replanted so that the new part of the hospital, which is the same length as the Na— tional Capitol, is surrounded by old trees that once had their roots in the soil of his boyhood home. This hos- pital was not built to serve the very poor, for whom free clinics are pro- vided, nor to serve the very rich, who can afford to pay large surgical fees; but is for those of us who find it dif- ficult to make ends meet and to whom heavy hospital bills are a cal- amity. The moving picture laboratory, in in the Highland Park plant, is re- markable. Its educational pictures are shown in seventy per cent of our country’s theaters. It may not be known that these are sent to Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Argentina, South Afri- ca, Spain, Sweden, Norway, Japan, China, Alaska and other countries. Mr. Ford desires that they be used in the large and small schools, wherev— er they can be of service or can give pleasure. Therefore, the rental price to schools is fifty cents a' day per reel. The movie staff includes many of the best—known specialists in edu- cational lines, under whose guidance are editors, scenario writers and di— rectors. They strive to produce films of value to teachers throughout the land, to be used for instructing their pupils. The Ford educational department, its wefare work and Amdricanizatlon school have been treated at length elsewhere. The Ford trade school is ' in a large wing of the plant which serves as a school building. It is in- : corporated under the Michigan laws ‘ and extends to a limited number the opportunity to continue their acad- » emic education while trade. It is one of the best plans for salvaging some of our destitute ' boys, or boys who have no one to care if they succeed or fail. Mr. Ford not willing for them to be called destitute; he prefers to think of safety, and hygiene ' several years he maintained a home for homeless boys near his estate. This required such a large amount of his time and interest that he planned the trade school. Each student re- ceives a scholarship which amounts to four hundreds dollars annually, divided into semi-monthly portions. This enables him to. be self—support- ing while studying. His scholarship is increased in accordance with his ability and effort until- it reaches nine hundred dollars. To develop thrift one dollar is added to each pay envelope, provided the boy keeps a savings account. There are fifteen instructors employed; a board of five members directs the policy of the school, and a long waiting list is kept of boys who wish to be admitted. Mr. Searles, the head of the school, is a. distinguished educator. Mr. Ford realizes that the future of our country depends on the boys and girls of today. He gives to those he befriends his money, his time and thought, and to each an op- portunity to achieve success. They will be the men and women of to- morrow, and it is his hope that they become good and honorable citizens. Someidea of the gigantic size of the Ford organization may be secured from the fact that besides the High- land Park plant, the tractor plant is located at the River Rouge foundry where twenty—one railroad tracks en- ter. Here at one point a log goes in and at another point comes out a finished body. There are thirty—one assembling plants in this country and ‘ others in different parts of North and South America, Europe, Australia and the Orient.~ During the last year nearly one lundred thousand freight cars were needed to handle Ford shipments. Every available method of transportation was used also, such as express companies, par— cel post and motor truck. With a total of sixty-six thousand employees in the Highland Park, River Rouge and Dearborn plants, it is a conservative estimate to say that one—fourth of the men, women and children in Detloit and its environs are directly dependent on the Ford industries for support, and that an equal number are indirectly support— ed from this source. It is said that man’s efiiciency has been increased 66 per cent by the automobile; families and friends have been drawn closer together;- health has improved; lives have been prolonged. It. has given more serv- ice and pleasure than any other in-, vention in the last several decades. The inventor Who built a car within the reach of the, mass of the people has been a benefactor to his fellow man, and has helped make history. * t I! i For sentimental reaso‘ns the hand- made bricks that were in the founda- tion of Ten Eyck’s tavern are part of the hugh fireplace in the trophy room, on the lower floor of the Ford mansion. The great iron .horse storms through Wayne Countv at a more rapid rate as it parallels the Michigan highway toward Chicago. The forests have been cleared .There are no more Indians about. For many years the Dearborn arsenal has not been used as an army post, but the thick, gray stockade walls still stand. One of the square, gray buildings flanked by twin chimneys is the City Hall, where William Ford acts as Mayor. The old site of Ten Eyck’s tavern is interesting to people who flash by in their motors, because it is the entrance to Henry Ford's estate. The gray-stone entrance is kept lock- ed and guarded; it is adjacent to the gatekeeper’s tiny gray-stone cottage, tucked quaintly under its Indian red- tiled roof; around it sturdy forests look dOWn on the spot which William Cremer won his wager that hecould 'beat the iron horse into Dearborn- ville, just two miles away. CHAPTER XII “Honest-to-Goodness Amer- ' icanism" Five years ago a rainbow of prom- ise, with a bag of gold at each end, hung over a great industrial plant. When the rainbow appeared some called it a menace, but it grew brighter and clearer; some of the colors became obscure; three came out stronger than all the others, and behind them stars formed the two words, “Americans all.” At each end of the rainbow the bags emptied an endless stream of gold, and with the gold came freedom from old in- dustrial conditions and with the free- dom came the privileges and obliga- tions of American citizenship. Henry Ford made automobiles to defray the expense of his main busi- His learning a ‘ i, 11 boys» without friends For .. HENRY FORD’S SUCCESS RULES EAR is the great canker that eats at the hearts of men. Most .men are entirely too confident of their ability to fail—and they fail. most of them would succeed. # II: What the world needs is more faith. of it. If they were as confident of their ability to succeed, It i We haven’t half enough We are always saying “I can’t,” when we should be saying, “I’ll try and I’ll never stop until I succeedflk ' 1‘ It t I The idea of human beings in a hurry always seemed a little absurd to me. Haste is a great maker of discouragement. It was nearly twelve years from the time that I built my first car before I put one on the market. II: t It is work done against the will that wears. merely for wages. wages are not enough to keep from becoming weary. I t it it! Or work dene \Vages are necessary, of course, but more 'body awake or prevent him 3 U Nobody who is willing to get m‘iiney legitimately need think about money. i It is only the people who want to get money with- out earning it who need think about it. t it III Right now there are thousands of opportunities to make for- tunes. People don’t see' them; that is all. Let anybody who wants money to come to him take the simplest useful thing he can think of; let him study it, improve it and refine it until it is better than anybody ever made it before. Then let him manufacture it on a big scale and money will come to him. t Money mixes with nothing that is worth doing. to get money, therefore, is not to try to get it. The right way Money, when it comes, should come as an incident to something else—as the result of doing something useful. I C One of the reasons why American business men, as a class, are , i not as efficient as they might be is because they think first of pro- fits and next of service. ' Q t i If American manufacturers and businessmen generally would, for a period of five years, cease thinking of profits and devote all of their energies to giving the greatest values and the best possible service to the public, they would make more money and they would revolutionize American business. , eitne case of labor difficulties? ‘ disclosed onial stock and labOrers from every nook and corner of obscure 'foreign lands. He took men with the stigma, of wrong-doing upon their lives, He took untried men and men who had tried and failed. Through one great system he put them all, to determine the number who would Come out pure gold. , He thrust aside labor or- ganizations and paid his workers wages at that time considered fabul— ous. He had his ownrdreams and he followed them to fulfillment. ' Beyond a few brief newspaper re- ports, the light of publicity . never the inner workings of Henry Ford’s mind, yet the spirit of it permeates the country from Cana- da to the Gulf and from the Atlantic to the Pacific where other plants have used the Ford idea on a Smaller scale. The pioneer who began the movement has been assailed and held up for ridicule, yet he was the first advocate of simonpure Americanism in industry. What would his critics have said had they known that he took the dean of a great cathedral, , made him head of avast educational system and gave him power no clergyman ever before had had in the history of business—entire auth- ority over the living conditions of the Ford workman and real influence’ in difficulties, however, refused to arise. Durin-g strikes at nearby plants the Ford workers remained at their posts, performing their labors in con- tented prosperity. Henry Ford had evolved a system so unique and remarkable that his plans and dreams blend, making a practical whole which has actually benefited over fifty thousand homes. The foundation is education and Americanism. - That the system has paid commercially is only a side is— sue, but one of tremendous import— ance—marking the ideal adjustment ,of capital and labor, and proving be- yond doubt that the experiment is overwhelmingly correct. The as- sistants in this departmen are called advisors, and the welfare work they are doing is as helpful as it is novel. What they do and how they do it will be explained later. Mr. Ford states his position frankly. "If I can make men of my employees, I need have no fear for my business,” he says. “Everything I do to help them ultimately benefits -me; the more money I_spend on them, the more enthusiasm they will have for my interests and the more money they will make for themselves and for me." And he uses all possible labor-sav- ing devices, for he says: “The less fatigued a men is when he leaves his work the more self—improvement can he gain during leisure hours." This is the message of Henry Ford to mankind: “.Be your brother’s help— er.” In his plant Bolshevism has not dared to rear its serpent head. The Ford plan is not to build elab- orate libraries, gymnasiums or lunch rooms for the employees, but serv— iceable and substantial ones. The difference in the expense is given the working men for their homes, their living and their families. It is not the possession of money but the right use of it which is emphasized. Mr. Ford holds that the system of educa— tion which increases, through the so- called cultural studies, the capacity for happiness and fails to develop the financial power for gaining the same is a cruel, not a kindly system. It increases human misery and failure. The Ford idea, while increasing a man 's capacity for happiness, at the ' same time increases his efiiciency, his earning capacity, his home condi- tions, his knowledge of the laws cf . the state and the nation, making him a more valuable citizen, more worth- while to society, giving him a broad- er vison, all of which develops a ’ man’s mind while training his hands. ‘ a Good. American,” life standards ‘ The factdry has two slogans, “Be and "Help the Other Fellow." cation of these slogans. even benefici- ally coerced into adapting Lab or , You find these signs ' ‘in the working sections of the plant. , . The workmen are taught self-appli- To more than four million homes this book brings a saving This book 1s saving millions of dollars for the American pe0ple Are you using this Book? Is it saving money for you and your family? Are you taking full advantage of the opportunity for saving it brings. into your home? Do you consult this Book—this price guide — every week to find the lowest price for everything you buy? It will save you many dollars on your needs, on your family’s needs, if yOu use it. It will give you the lowest price on goods of standard quality—always . Millions Buy from this Book on Faith in the Name Montgomery Ward For Fifty Years, Montgomery ward has been selling only goods of Standard, Serviceable quality. The American peo— ple have learned by fifty years’_ experi- ence that they- can trust Ward’s and that Ward’s prices are as low as abso- lutely reliable goods can be bought. For Fifty Years, we have kept faith with the public. We never sacrifice qual- ity to make a seemingly low price. We make no price baits by offering goods of inferior quality. We quote the lowest possible prices—but always on the kind of merchandise that stands examina- tion and use. Buy From this Book— Use it Every Week This Book is of value to you only if you get the habit of using it every week. Your Orders Shipped Within 48 hours ,. Our new system of filling orders is now six months old. Six months’ successful op- eration enables us to say—Your Order will be shipped promptly; certainly in less than 48 hours. As a matter of fact, most orders are now being shipped the same day they are received. With the lowest market prices, goods always of Ward Quality, and the most prompt andl accurate service, it is true in- deed that: “Montgomery Ward 85 Co., the Oldest Mail Order House is Today the Most Progressive.” It will save you money only if you use it. And, then it will bring into your home a great satisfaction and a large saving. It will bring you the advantage of al- ways getting dependable goods. It will insure your getting prompt, courteous service. It will insure your always buy- ing at the lowest price. .. Montgomery Ward 85 Co. is the oldest mail order house—the originator of sell- ing goods by mail. ‘ Yet, never in our Fifty Years’ history has this organization been so capable of serving you well, so filled with the spirit of youth, of prog- ress and so alert to give you satisfactory service and lower and lower prices. Buy from this Book. Fill all your needs from this Book—everything for the Family, the Home and the Farm. Consult it daily to find the right price, ‘ the lowest price for dependable goods of standard quality. Montgomery Ward &. Co. Chicago Kansas City St. Paul Portland, Ore. Fort Worth gamery Ward 8’ C0 The Oldest MaiI Order House 15 Today. the MoSt Progresmve aria-15¢. ism; " .5}; They contain practical suggestion for the prevention of dis- , eases common to livestock and poultry and describe in detail the many uses of Kreso Dip No. 1 (STAN DARDIZED) Parasiticide and Disinfectant For all livestOck and Poultry FREE BOOKLETS ON FARM SANITATION: . Isl—FARM SANITATION. Describes and tells how to prevent diseases com- mon to livestock. - . 157—006 BOOKLET. Tellshowtorid the dog of fleas and to help prevent disease. No. 160—IIOO BOOKLET. Coversthecommon hog diseases. No.185—IIOG wnuows. Gives complete di- rections for the construction of a concrete hog wallow. Isa—POULTRY. How to get rid of lice ‘ and mites. also to prevent disease. No. Kreso Dip lie. 1 is Sold in Original Packages at all Drug Stores. ANIMAL INDUSTRY DEPARTMENT OF Parke, Davis & Co. DETROIT. MICHIGAN fiUDS©N Water Bowls- , Guaranteed to pay for them- selves in bi- : e r m i I checks ——fresh water when- ever cows want it means more milk. They save time and labor, too. The ONLY unbreakable bowls; made of HEAVILY GALVANIZED. RUST-PROOF pressed steel, only half the weight of cast iron bowls. You can nest and carry out to cleanadozen Hudson bOWIs at once. Patented no other has these many advantages. SECURELY ATTACHED, cows cannot knock them off. Plan on using HUDSON Barn Equip- ment and Ventilation for your barn. Ask your HOME-TOWN HUDSON DEALER or write us. HUDSON MFG.CO. Dept. 3254 Minneapolis, Minn. Farm Account Book FREE Write us, telling the size of the silo you own or intend to buy this year and mention the name and address of your implement dealer. We’ll mail you freeaEO-pageFarmers’ RecordandAeeountBook. This Is arranged for the easytakinzo ffarm and household inventories, and for the keegmgm of , simple amounts w will show a comp accurate financial condition of your year‘s busi- ness. ltwiilhalpyoufindandstopthemneyieaks. Ask also for Papec Catalog covering Ithe 19” I tehown improvements -- at a. lower was why your dollars buy more in a Papec.It PAPEC MACHINE COMPANY 181 Main St.. Shortsviile. N. Y. u Dzstnbutm' ' ' Hammble P dealers to give pronmtsemwe up“ VASE? ." T. QOWS “"40 BLOW; szeet cheer CALLUS GRAPE commas How can I callus grape cuttings? The bulletins say that they should be callused, but do not say how it is ., done. —-R. M. Saginaw County. ——The callus is the formation on the wound at the end of‘ the cutting. Place cuttings of grape, currant, gooseberry, or any of the plants that take root readily, in moist sand and keep in a. cool place. If done when the plant is dormant the callus will soon form. 'The sand should be kept moist, but not wet, until the weather is warm enough for planting out. . BEST GRAPE FOR MICHIGAN What is the most profitable grape for Michigan? What is the right distance for planting? Does the grape bear on the new or the year- old wood?—E. T. 0., Oakland County. —-The Concord is by far the most im- portant variety of grape for Michi- gan. All other varieties combined come'far short of the Concord. In the Grape Belt there are a few Mor- ' ris Early, for the first of the market, a few Niagara and three or four oth- ers, but they are unimportant. The general market takes the Concord and so do the juice factories. The variety is hardy, productive and a good shipper, a. combination suited to the commercial vineyard. For home use Niagara for a white grape and Brighton for an amber might be added to Morris, and Concord. For a special market they have been found desirable. But in ' general there is nothing to take the place of the Concord. Some years ago the Worden was introduced as an im- provement which was to supercede the old favorite. It has much in its favor, but the berries come off the stems too easily. Grape vines are planted about 12 feet apart in the row, and the. rows far enough apart to admit cultivation, about 8 feet. The wood which grew last year will produce the fruit next summer. ‘ GRAFTING GRAPES Can grape vines be grafted, and if so how is it done? Are seedling grapes like the parent?———H. G. C., Livingston County. ——Grapes can be grafted, though that is not often done, since a. vine can be grown so easily and quickly from a cutting. As the vine is flex— ible the graft is put in the root. Dig down four or five inches below the cleft graft. Cover with wax, clay, or some material to protect from moisture. Grafting may be of little commercial value, but it may occas— ionally be of service. A wild vine could soon be made profitable, as a. strong root system would force a. graft into a vigorous growth. Seed- ling grapes cannot be depended upon to be like the parent. Like the orchard fruits they produce new var— ieties. Many kinds have been pro- duced by hybridging or the crossing of two varieties, but few of them have been of any value. NOTES AND COMMENTS The questions asked regarding grape culture indicate the interest taken in this fruit. The planting this spring promises to be unusually large, but as the demand has increas- ed enormously during the last few years there seems little danger of over production for several years to come. While the Cencord is the most im- portant variety, both for the com- mercial plants and for home use, there are other varieties that merit consideration. The Cotowaba re- quires too long a season for Michi- gan, but the Delaware, Brighton, Ogawan, Niagara, Morris Deamond, Green Mountain and Salem have many friends. Will it not be well for grape growers to plant a. greater variety than they have in the past? An orchardist is not content with one peach, even the Alberta, ‘or with one apple, even the Jonathan. Why be satisfied with one or two grapes, even Morris Early and Concord? one of the needs of the hour is a surface, cut off the root and make a . the. sweet cherry will not grow in thispart of the state, but is is diffi- cult to get started. The trees have the bad habit of dying the first sea- son, or if they live through that year they try it the next summer. Then there is sun scald and other ills to - which the tree is heir, a“ ~f whichis discouraging to the fruit grower. So to plant some other tree, here is an opportunity for some good work. Let someone develops a. fruit for the pur- mice. It ought not to be more diffi- cult than some of the work that has been done. 0 t t A cherry not often seen, Yet one of the best in flavor is the Princess Eugenie. It is slow to bear, which is the chief reason for its neglect, though production if given time, for a sour cherry it has few equals. . The shortage in. raspberries is an encouragement to the strawberry grower. This fruit promises to be in good demand for some time to come. 3 O O Scions may be low out now, and stored in moist sand or sawdust until wanted. Use last season’s growth, disMrd the tip or immature wood. 0 Seedling a; , le trees in out-of-the- Way places may be made useful at the cost of a little time and labor. If the trunks and limbs are sound they make the best of stock for graft- ing. Put in some Delicious, Steel’s Red or Grime’s Golden. They do well on vigorous natural stock. t t It JapaneSe plums are poor self- pol- lenizers. It is not safe to plant one variety alone Abundance or Burbank when sanding alone may blossom freely then shed their fruit. Much disappointment has resulted from this. Grow at leastrtwo kinds. I I t The plum can be grafted, but the varieties should have similiar habits of growth. To graft Burbank and Abundance would result in a freak- ish. tree in looks, at least. it t it Why not grow more currants? They soon begin to bear and there is a. ready market for the fruit. The plants are scarce and expensive, but it is not difficult for one to grow his own. Make cuttings and plant them this spring. Foy’s Prolifer, Cherry and Wilder are good market variet— ies, but for jelly it is hard to beat the old Red Dutch, though the fruit is small. It is very productive too. The greatest enemy is the current worm, but that is easily controlled. # I * Peach trees ought to be sprayed for leaf curl. Copper sulphate at the rate of One pound to 50 gallons of water, no line, may be used at any time when the liquid will not freeze, the earlier in the spring, the better. CAN RECOVER DAMAGE '(Continued from Page 7) my place, but he kept her moving around so we did not notice her be”— ing sick when she was unloaded, but neticed it shortly afterwards. lost her calf, and will not get with calf now. I had a veterinary and he said it was caused by mofing her, I have got proof that the cow was sick before he got to my place. ——J. L., Midland, Mich. - ——If you can show that the seller was negligent in delaying to remove the cow, o‘r-~that he failed to use proper care in moving her, and that as a result of such negligence she lost her calf, I think you would have a right of action against him to re-_ cover the damage you have suffered. ”—Asst. Legal Editor. TRY TO. HAVE CHILD ADOPTED I have a step daughter that has had ephleptic fits for five years. At the age of 17 she gave birth to a_ baby which is now '11 months oid._I took this matter up with our prose- cutor. She told him who‘the baby’s father was and he was a poor marri- ed man. The prosecutor said he could not do anything for the reason the girl’ a mind was too bad for evid- , 'enc‘c against him. ' The girl now ha ., HW' ' —If the legabillty of the father for ~ make every effort to have it adopted She , the child’s support cannot be enforc- ed, it would become the duty of the county or township to provide such support. However, if you cannot -take care \of the child, you should by some private family or sent to some good orphans home, so it Will“ ‘* not become a public char "e. It should be realiséd that..the c iidvls. the innocent victim or unfortunate. ~ ~ circumstances over which it had no control, and is as deserving of a fair I ‘ { chance in life as if born in lawful ' wedlock. ——Asst. Legal Editor. ‘ FINISHING MAPLEI‘IDORS. What is the most successful meth— ‘ fl' 0d of finishing a hard maple or elmv floor in a light finishf—H. B. A.,‘ Otisville, Mich.. - —The following formula‘for finish- ing maple floors has proved very ‘5 ’ .; satisfactory, for several years: ' <- ’ Boiled linseed oil, 1,; gaL; raw 11n-7'“ . ’ turpentine, 2%“ ‘ bees seed oil, ’29 gal.; 7 pints: Japan dryer, 34 pint; wax, 1,4 pound. Shave or cut the wax in small pieces and dissolve in theturpentin'e. Heat wax and turpentine by Setting in a dish of hot water. When hot. add Japan dryer and mix with the oil. For new floors apply by dipping a soft rag or waste into the oil and rub into floor until thoroughly covered. Let stand about one-half_hour. Then wipe thoroughly dry with rags or waste. Burn oily rags at once Let floor stand 3 or 4 days until thor- oughly dry. Then finish with wax or varnish as desired. Elm floors are more open grained and will need a light paste wood fill- er the first application—S. B. How- ard, College Painter, M. A. C. COULD NOT COLLECT FEE Will you please tell me whether a, ' note is legal drawn up in this man- ner? A buys from B, cattle amount- ing to $450.00. B tells A that'C has money to loan. B goes and talks with C, comes and gets A, A and B goes to C, 0 makes out he will have to go to Reed City Bank to get the money, and his fee would be $25.00 and a bonus of $25.00. C draws up note for $500.00 payable one year with 7 per cent interest. C is a stock- holder and director of the local bank. C presents note to cashier, takes $25.00. A gets $450.00 and the bank gets the rest. Wouldthis note be collectable?—-—C. H. S., Evert, Mich.‘ ——-The $25.00 charged by'the bank as a bonus would be usurious and could not be collected from the mak- » er of the note. If C is a director of‘ the bank loaning money, I am of the opinion he could not collect from A the $25.00 charged as his fee.— Asst. Legal Editor. INDORSER RELEASED Please give me information in re- gards to a note. A sells a. horse to B for $80.00 taking a. property note and C indorses note with B. There A sells note to the bank and endorses same. I don’t know whether note was recorded or not. Then B moves and ,gets an extension of time on this note, has the interest charged to note. During this 30 days exten- tion, B has a sale and moves away taking horse with him, afterwards selling it. Now the bank insists up- on C paying the note. C was not . notified that the note was not paid until after the 30 day extension had expired. Is 0 liable to pay or should A pay, and take his property with his property note?-—J. V., Remus, Michigan. ——Where an extension of time is given to the maker of a note, an ac- commodation indorser thereon is re- leased if such extension was given without his knowledge. ——Asst. Legal Editor. 1' noNorrormommGss-' omen --Wonld like to know if It is mm to put kerosene in mm cam— - * F. V., Fremont, Mich. - - ._.}rhe statutes many prohlbi I putt??? of kerosene .. , \i \ b‘tfi‘g‘ .-.- Get A II the Power ._A_.:,\—\ \ \ , ‘l'so' \ V" Q Tractor Chart of Recommendations Trade Name Motor Oil Adaptable .................. H. Allis-Chalmers, 6-12 ........ H. Allis-01ml mers, 15-25 ........ S. H. Allis-Chalmers, 18-30 and 20-35 ..... ... ............ S. H. All Work ................... . H. Andrews-Kimmie ........... E. H. Arming ton .................. S. H. Aultman—Tnylor, 15-30 ....... S. H. Aultmsn-Tsylor. 22-45 and 30-60, ................... S. H. Automotive ........... A ..... S. H. Avery. Model C ............. H. Avery, 8-16, 12—20,12-25, 14- 28, 18436. 25-50. 40-65. 20- Avon Track Runner“ Bates Steel Mule, All Models. ‘ Best ’I‘racklnysr ,All Models. F3111???“ EFF? ’ Fill” Fl?” PFF‘F‘ PF!“ F1 iii-“Film!” IF: FFlFlifiFiFl FF? Indiana International, 8—16 ........... B. International. 15-30 .......... S. H. Klumb. .y ................... E. H. .Lauson, All Models .......... S. H. Leader ..................... E. II. Leonard Four Wheel Drive” .8 H. Liberty .................... H. .[inooln ..... .......... ...S.H. Trade Name MotorOll Linn ................ ... .... .8. 3g: LittleGiant. A&B..... ..... M at. 14-28. .. ....... S. H. Mii‘ivr s. McCormickliiééri",'i'51§off'H. Minneapolis, 12-2 and 17-30. S. g. Minneapolis, 22-44 and 35-70 E. afiul ..................... S. H. Mo ne Universal ............ S H onarch ................... S H _Montsm ................... E. H. Nilson Junior and Senior ..... S. H. Oil Gas, 20-42 and 25-50 ..... E. H. Peoria ..................... E. H. Pioneer. 18-36 and 30-00 ..... E. H. Port Huron... .............. S. H. Quadpull ...... .............S.H. Reed ....... . ..... ..........S H Rex ............... . ....... Wymmm any nd 20-40 ................ Rumltlzly. Oil . 30-60 ...... E Russo “Jumor”, 12-24 ...... S H. Russell B ................ Russell “Grant," 30-60,. ...... E H. Sampson ModelM .......... H. Snag eA ................... E. Shawnee, $12 and 9-18 ...... H. Shelby. All Models ...... '. . ..S. H. Square Tun .......... . ..... E. H. Bun-on ..... .. ..... ..... S. H. S H. E. H. H. S 1!. firm Ports ........ E. H. Twin City ”-20 and 20-35.. S. H. Twin City. 40455 and 60-00.. .E. H. Uncle Sam All Models. ...... S. H. allis ..................... S. ‘ WELL»... 17:2'2' ...: ind. ' :3 Wetmore ................... S. H. Wheat ..................... S H. Western ......... .. . . . ...... E. H. Wisconsin ........ ..... . E H. analel'I‘rud . ...... 8 H. KEY l..-Polnrlne lellt. M.—-Polnrlno Modlum H.—Polarlno Heavy 8." .—-Polnrlno Special Heavy. E H .-Polarlno Extra Heavy. MB. For recommendations a} grades ofPoIarineto WWI! miuaut amobilesand SW Oil Co. (Indiana) station. chartatany runscnnnp-u- . N li/IIIII/ ‘, from Your Tractor Any number of engine troubles are due to improper lubrication. If you are not using Polarine, you are not getting all the power your engine is capable of delivering—nor all the economy. Polarine will avoid undue strain. It will avoid worn bearings and scored cylinders. Polarine gets into action the moment the engine starts, because its viscosity is scientifically correct—fits body stable, without being heavy. It spreads quickly forming a perfect film between all the moving metal surfaces. Polarine is scientifically adapted to develop the full efficiency of your engine. The grade of Polarine specified in the Chart is specified by our Board of Lubricating Engineers, who know the design and construction of yourtractor. Let Golarine THE PERFECT MOTOR OIL III—ade- in Five Grades It is the oil chosen by the farmer who wants economy and power from his tractor. Polarine is a specialized product—made only from crudes chosen for their high lubricating properties. Polarine avoids carbon troubles. This is proved by hundreds of tests, in the laboratory and in the field. Specify Polarine. The length of life of your engine is involved. Golan-line Standard Oil Company 910 So. Michigan Ave. (Indiana) Chicago, Illinois ' Albinstel d ood u “' o e In w misare Incl and powerlul. One-glu'rd the wdlrk‘ In: par!- of any other mill. Only mam. Pilman ' g subjccl lo wear. This 1: orllcu, and easily re- placeable. Govern: by dependable weight walkout springs Fits any 4pc“ sleellower. Wlly mlshoncn ourchore i hours now Md! 1 good (Windmill). Thu. 10 your chance—F. O. B. Albion. Erccl n yourself. Ask your dealer. or write direct to ‘ Union Steel Products Co. Ltd. De t. 34 ' Albion. flick” U. S. A Y .‘ CUT PRICE CATALOG Learn how half a million farmers ', save bi money by buying their ‘ Fence, ooflng and Paints direct , from my big factories at prices ‘2 way below others—send for cata- w‘ log NOW - You’ll save money. ,u THE BRnWN FENCE I WIRE c0. . 390. cavauun. omo Makes Motoring a pleasure, For dirt and gravel roads, streets, parks, cemeteries, etc, t planes, levels and grades. A sure cure for ruts, chatter holes and road vibrations. Levels loose gravel. Length 4 ft.; Width 6 ft.; weight 850 lbs.; 6 cutting blades. Sold on approval Price $110 F. O. B. Clare Road Machinery Co., lare, Mich. CONCORD l-Yl-Ulll. Heavily Round GRAPE VINES (Mr } Sclecltd mail-size Vines lmm the Mlcllngsn (Sup: B l h c th l‘r {Concords m l \c wor are grown fidrldyirhejtdyflusty Vince. bred up to yicld POSTPAID! ABUSHE dtjsmmfnmfnuiflklmfl \' _ Three vines planted in your garden wrll , makca vigorous start. ()i rapid growth, . they will soon amply supply your table They will grow and fruit in very cold lo- cationl with a little simple wmtcr covering. (2ng l_!_ig Fruit and Garden iagazine Sent ' four Months [9 1219 You Start RIGHT! ' l'lllcd with illustrated. interesting pI’JCllCIl stories of suc- cess with “Money Crops." To encourage l more general if -. .- planling oi Grapes We make lhli libcral offcr. and n ulver - Quarter takes it Ill. Send name and address today (or HE FRUIT BELT St. Grand Raplds, H E AV E 5 Is your own horse aflllcted? Use 2 large cans. Cost $2.50. Money back if not satisfactory ONE can at 5|.25 often sufficient. In powder form. :., NEWTON’S A veterinary's compound for 7/”? Horses. Cattle and Ross. Heaves. Coughs, Distemper. .\ . \ Indigestion. Worm expeller. ‘ ‘ Conditioner, At dealers‘ or 30 ”9"" sale by parcel post. THE NEWTON REMEDY 00.. Toledo. 0M0 - T 15 Market M.ch. Raise Silver Foxes Most Profitable Livestock. We sell outrigll or for monthly payments wi bin your reach. rite SILVERPLUME FOXES Box 331 Keeseville, N. Y. F E E D Beans .............................. $20.00 ton Meal .............................. 26.00 ton SEED Northern Grown Pea Beans $10.00-100 lbs. Northern Canada Field Peas.. 5.50-100 lbs. PORT HURON STORAGE & BEAN 00., Port Huron, Michigan. Cull Bean Save 80 Percent. , \ MAKE YOUR OWN HOPE All sizes including hay fork ropes. \loinlcl‘tul saving. Send for free booklet, “Rope Making 011 The Farm." New Era R0 9 Machlno Mlnneapol s, Mlnn. K TSELMAN FENCE “I Savor! Ono-Third," says Wm. B. Lee; Stanton, Mich. You, too, can save. We Pay {he Fulfil". Write for Free , Catalog of Farm, oultry, Lawn Fence. ' , - l‘KlTBELM'AN BROS. Dept..l93MUNClE, IND. A; (g r Ir mow rHL' ; .,\‘.ICIGPI‘0/'l«‘fff -’ swayed“ 'Nl‘. _ '~ ’A'ron 'ouuua o , BURL mason bar-r“l plants all $3.00 for . - & ohm. Mlchluan. ‘ VANGER. 8t. , . 1 -\ I . ' To Introduce our Psalm-cod Evorboarlng grandson-rm we will :send 25 plants MAS, N NURSE‘RY 00.. 4,13? n.4,: Piedmont, ‘.§-1.. Mo. . " By James‘Oliver Cdrtyyod ' ' '0 l t 'Michigan’s Ohm rind America's- Formost Author of the Great~ Northwest (CODyrizht by James Oliver Curwood - . - (Continued from March 17th Issue) CHAPTER xvu 7 ALF an hour later Blackton had shown Aldous to his room and . bath. It was four o’clock when he rejoined the contractor in the lower room, freshly bathed and shav- en and in a change of clothes. He had not seen Joanne, but half a doz- en times he had heard her and Peggy Blackton laughing and talking in Mrs. Blackton’s big room at the head of the stairs, and he heard them now as they sat down to smoke their cig- ars. Blackton was filled with en- thusiasm over the accomplishment of his latest work, and Aldous tried hard not to betray the fact that the minutes were passing with gruelling slowness while he waited for Joanne. He wanted to see her. His was ‘eating like an excited boy’s. He could hear her footsteps over his head, and he distinguished her soft laughter, and her sweet voice when she spoke. There was something in her nearness and the fact that she did not once show herself at the top of the stair. Blacktop was~ still talking about “coyotes” and dyna— mite when, an hour later, Aldous looked up, and his heart gave a big, glad jump. Peggy Blackton, a plump little golden-haired vision of happiness, was already half a dozen steps down the stairs. 'At the top Joanne, for an instant, had paused. Through that space. before the contractor had turned, her eyes met those of John Aldous. She was smiling. Her eyes were shining at him. Never had he seen her look at him in that way, he thought, and never had she seemed such a perfect Vision of loveliness. She was dressed in a soft, clinging something with a flutter of white lace at her throat, and as she came down he saw that she had arranged her hair in a marvellous way. Soft little curls half hid themselves in the shimmer of rich coils she had wreathed upon her head, and ador— ‘able little tendrils caressed the love- ly flush in her cheeks, and clung to the snow-whiteness of her neck. For a moment. as Peggy 'Blackton went to her husband, he stood very close to Joanne, and into his eyes she was smiling, half laughing, her beautiful mouth aquiver, her eyes glowing, the last trace of their old suspence and fear vanished in a new and wonderous beauty. He would not have said she was twenty—eight now. He would have sworn she was twenty. “Joanne,” he Whispered, “you are wonderful. Your hair is glorious!” “Always—my hair,” she replied, so low that he alone heard. “Can you never see beyond my hair, John Aldous?" “I stop there.” he said. marvel. It is glorious!" “Again!” And up from her white throat there rose a richer, sweeter color. “If you say that again now, John Aldous, I shall never make curls for you again as long as I live!” “For me——7——” His heart seemed near bursting with joy. But she had left him, and was laughing with Peggy Blackton, who was showing her husband where he had missed a stubby patch of heard on his cheek. He caught her eyes, turned swiftly to him, and they were laughing at him, and there came a sudden pretty upturn to her chin as he continued to stare, and he saw again the color deepening in her face. When Peggy Blacktop led her husband to the stair, and drove ‘him up to shave off the stubby patch, Joanne found the opportunity to whisper to him.‘ “You are rude, John Aldous! “And I You rmust not stare at me like that!” And as she spoke the rebellious colour was still in her face, in spite .of the tantalizing curve of her red _ lips and the sparkle in her eyes. “I can’t help it,” he pleaded. “You arc—glorious!” . , “ During the next hour, and While they were. at supper, he could see that she was purposely avoiding his eyes, and that‘she spoke oftener to Paul Blackton ‘than she did to him, apparently taking the keenest inter— est in his friend‘snenthuslastlc desq. heart 1 _ white-button. criptions of the mighty work along the line of steel. Peggy Blackton never seemed quite so‘ happy as when listening to her husband, he was.forced to content himself by looking at Joanne most of the time, without once 'receiving a, ‘ smile. - The sun was just falling behind the western. mountains when‘Peggy and Joanne, hurried most incontin— entlyby, Blackton, who had looked at his watch left the table to prepare themselves for the big event of the evening. . “I want to get you there before dusk,” he explained. “So please hurry!” They , were back in five minutes. Joanne had slipped on a. long gray coat, and with a. veil that trailed a yard down her back she had covered her head. Not a curl or a tress of her hair had she left out of its filmy prison, and there was a mischievous gleam of triumph in her eyes when she looked at Aldous. A moment later, when they went ahead of Blacktop and his wife to where the buckboard was waiting them, he said: “You put on that veil to pmish ,me, Ladygray?” “It is a pretty veil,” said she. “But your hair is prettier,” said he. "‘And you embarrassed me very much bystaring as you did, John Aldous!” “Forgive me. It is—I mean you are so beautiful." , “And you are sometimes—most displeasing,” said she. Your ingen— uousness, John Aldous, is shocking!” “Forgive me,” he said again. 7 “And you have knowu me but two days,” she- added. - “Two days—is a long time,” he argued. “One can be born, and live, and die in two days. Besides, our trails have crossed for years." “But—it displeases me.” “What I have said?” “Yes.” ‘ “And the way I have looked at you?” (‘Yes.i’ Her voice was low and quiet now, her eyes were serious, and she was not smiling. “I know—I know,” he groaned, and there was a deep thrill in 'his voice. “It’s been only two days aft- er all, Ladygray. It seems like— like a lifetime. I don’t want you to think badly of me. God knows I don’t!” , “No, no, I don’t,” she said quickly and gently. “You are the finest gentleman I ever knew, John Aldous. Only—it embarrasses me." “I will cut out my tongue and put out my eyes " “Nothing so‘terrible,” she laughed softly. “Will you help me into the wagon? They are coming.” She gave him her hand, warm and soft; and Blackton forced him into the seat between her and Peggy, and Joanne’s hand rested in his arm all the way to the mountain that was to be blown up, and he told himself that he was a fool if he were not supreme: ly happy. The .wagon stopped, and he helped her out again, her warm little hand again close in his own, and when she looked at him he was the cool, smiling John Aldous of old, so cool, and strong, and unemotional that he saw surprise in her eyes first and then that gentle, gathering glow that came when she was proud of him, and pleased with him. And as Blacktop pointed out the mountain she unknotted the veil under her chin and let it drop back over her should- er, so that the last light of the day fell richly in the trembling curls and thick coils of her hair. _ . “And that is my reward,” said ,John Aldous, but he whispered it to himself. They had stopped close to a huge flat rock, on this rock men were at . work fittingwires to a. little boxlike ‘fhing that had, a white button-lever. Paul Blackton pointed at this,“ and his face was flushed with excitement. “That’s the little thing that’s g0- ing ,to-blo_w it up, Miss Gray—the touch of your finger on that little Do you see that black- base_,of:~the mountain yonder,- 4—rlsht, . And as pretty “ well ,done.- '. The tremb of enthusiasm , was i, , his voiceas he Went on, .xpointlng with his longarm: “Think offlit! We’re spending ahundred thbusand . dollars going through that rock that i people who travel on the Grand » .Trunk Pacific in the future. will be, saved seven minutes in their journey]; ‘ ‘We’re spend: - ing a. hundred‘thousand there, and . from coast to coast! millions along the line, that we may have the smoothest» roadbed in' the _ and the‘ qulckest route‘f-rom sea to sea... .It- world when we’re done, looks like a waste, but it isn’t. It’s science! It’s the fight of competiS tion! It’s the determination behind the forces—the determination to ‘ make this road the greatest road in, y the world! Listen!” . The gloom was thickening swiftly; The black mountain was fading slow— ly away, and up out of that gloom came now ghostly and far-reaching 4 voices of /men' booming through giant megaphones. “Clear away! away!” faintly theysaid, and the valley and-the mountain-sides caught. up_ the echoes, until it seemed'that‘a hundred voices were crying out the - warning. Then fell a. strange and weird silence, and the echoes faded away like the voices of dying men, _ and all was still save the far-away barking of a coyote that answered the mysterious challenges of the night. Joanne was close to the rock. Quietly the men who had been work? ing on the battery drew back. “It is ready!” said one. ., “Wait!” said Blackton, as his wife Went to speak. “Listen!” For five minutes there was silence. Then out of the night a single mega- phone cried the word: “Fire!” - “A11 is clear,” said the engineer, with a deep breath. “All you have to" do , Miss Gray, ~is to move that little lever from the side on which it' now rests to the opposite side. (Are you ready?” In the darkness Joanne’s left hand had sought John’s. It clung to his tightly. He could feel a little shiver run through her. ”Yes.” she whispered. “Then—if you please—press the button!" Slowly Joanne’s right hand crept out, while the fingers of her left. clung tighter to Aldous. She touch- ed the button—thrust it over. A little cry that fell from between her tense lips told them she had done the work, and a silence like that of death fell on those who waited. A half a minute—perhaps three— quarters—and a shiver ran under their feet, but there was no sound; and then a black pall, darker that the night, seemed to rise up out ‘of the mountain, and with that, a second later came the explosion. There was a rumbling and a jarring, as if the earth were convulsed under foot; volumes of dense black smoke, shot upward, and in another instant these rolling, twisting volumes of black be- came lurid, and an explosion like that of a thousand great guns rent the air. As‘ fast as the eye could follow sheets of flame shot up out of the sea of smoke, climbing higher and higher, in lightning flashes, un- til the lurid tongues licked the air a quarter of a mile above the startled Wilderness. Explosion followed ex- ' plosio‘h, some ofathem coming in hol— low, reverberating booms, others as if in mid—air. Unseen by the watch- ers, the heavens were filled with hurtling rocks; solid masses of gran- ite ten feet s'quare were thrown a hundred feet away; rocks weighing a ton were hurled still farther, as if they were no more than stones flung. by the hands of a giant; chunks that would have crashed from the roof. to the basement of a skyscraper drop- ped a third of a mile away. For three minutes the frightful convuls— ions continued, and the tongues of flame leaped into the night. Then the lurid lights died out, shorter and ' "shorter grew the sullen flashes, and then again fell—silence! During those appalling moments; unconscious of the act, Joanne had shrank close to Aldous, so that he felt the softcrush of'her hair and the swift movement of‘her‘bosom. Blaék- ton’s voice brought. them back'to‘life: 'He laughed, and it was the laugh . of aman-whohad looked upOn War ‘ :‘1‘.It: anaemia lie .. fi Clear away! Clear - 4,)??- W11 find: have changed rm . Coyote Number Twenty-yeight Hutch- , ed Blackton - at nine. ' to watch Joanne. 1118, the superintendent, is passing through in the afternoon, and I want - him to see it.” He spoke now to a inan who had come up, out of the darkness. “Gregg, have Twenty- eight ready at f6ur o’clock to—morrow afternoon—four o’clock—sharp ! ” Then he said: “Dust and a bad smell will soon be settling about us. Come, let’s go home!” And as they went back to.the . buckboard wagon through the gloom John Aldous still held Joanne’s hand , in his own, and she made no effort to take it from him. CHAPTER XVIII HE next morning, when Aldous joined the engineer in the din— ing—room below, he was disap- pointed to find the breakfast table prepared for two instead of four. It was evident that Peggy Blackton-and Jbanne were not going to interrupt their beauty nap on their account. Blackton saw his friend’s inquir- ing look, and chuckled. “Guess we’ll have to get along without ’em this morning, old man. Lord bless me, did you hear them last night—after you went to bed?” “NO." “You were too far away,” chuckl- again, “I was in the room across the hall from them. You see, old man, Peggy sometimes gets fairly starved for the right sort of company up here, and last night they didn’t go to bed until 'after twelve o’clock. I looked at my watch. Mebby they were in bed, but I could hear ’em buzzing like two bees, and every little while they’d giggle, and then go on buzzing again. By George, there wasn’t a break in it! When one let up the other’d begin, and sometimes I guess they were both going at once. Consequently they’re sleeping now.” When breakfast was ished Bla’ckton looked at his Watc leave word for the girl .. What are meantime, Aldous?” ' “Hunt up Mac- And I’ll run dow at the,work.” As they left the hou ,-, nodded down the road. was coming. ._ “He has saved you the t > “Remember, Aldo. ' o clock sharp!” A moment later Aldous was . vancing to meat the old mountaineer.‘ " “‘“They’ve gone, Johnny,” was Don- ald’s first greeting. “Gone?” "Yes. The whole bunch—Quade, Culver Rann, DeBar, and the woman who rode the bear. They’ve gone, hide and hair, and nobody seems to know where’ Aldous was staring. “Also,” resumed old Donald slow- ly, “Culver Rann’s outfit is gone—— twenty horses, including six saddles. An’ likewise others have gone, but I can’t find out who.” “Gone!” repeated Aldous again. MacDonald nodded. “And that means “That Culver Rann ain’t lost any time in gettin’ under way for the gold, ” said Donald. “DeBar is with him, an’ probably the woman. Like- wise three cut- throats to fill the oth- er saddles. They’ve gone prepared to fight.” “And Quade?” Old Donald hunched his shoulders, and suddenly John’s face grew dark and hard. “I understand,” under his breath. ’9 he spoke, half “Quade has dis— appeared—but he isn’t with CulVer ‘ Rann. He wants us to believe he has gone. He wants to throw us off our guard. But he’s watching, and wait- ing—somewhere—elike a hawk, to. swoop down on Joanne! He’——" “‘That’s it!” broke in MacDonald hoarsely. “That’s it, Johnny! It’s his old trick—his old trick with WO- men. There’s a hundred men who- ’ve got to do his bidding—do it ’r get out of the mountains—an’ we’ve got We have, Johnny! If ‘bhe should disappear—” Aldous waited. “You’d never find her again, so ’elp me God, you wouldn’ t, Johnny!" “We’ll watch her, ” said Aldous be with her to-day, t ' , ’ he finished. :1 charge .back ‘ March 1._ Standards Bill was passed two days later. . , , u n'l’hey can‘t very} we. , well steal her out of Blackton’ 3 house while I’m gone." . For an hour after MacDonald left ' him he walked about in, the neighbor- hood of the Blackton bungalow smoking his Jipe. Not until he saw the contractor drive up in the buck- board did he return. Joanne and Peggy were more than prompt. They were waiting. If such a thing were possible Joanne was more radiantly lovely than the night before. To Al- dous she be came more beautiful every time he looked at her. But this morning he did not speak what was in his heart when, for a moment, he held her hand, and looked into her eyes. Instead, he said: “Good morning, Ladygray. Have you used “I have,” she smiled. “‘Only it’s Potterdam’s Tar Soap, and not the other. And you—have not shaved, John Aldrus!” ‘ “Great Scott, So I haven’t!” he exclaimed, rubbing his chin. “But I did yesterday afternoon, Ladygray!” “And you will again this afternoon, if you please,” she commanded. “I don’t like bristles.” ' “But in the wilderness “One can shave as well as another can make curls,” she reminded him, and there came an adorable little dimple at the corner of her mouth as she looked toward Paul Blackton; Aldous was glad that Paul and Peggy Blackton did most of, the talk— ing that morning. an hour where the explosion of the night before had blown out the side of the mountain, and then drove on to Coyote Number Twenty—eight.- It Was in the face of a sandstone cliff, and all they could see of it when they got out of the wagon was a dark hole in the wall of rock. about, and Blackton hands with satisfaction. “Everything is completed,” he said. Gregg put in the last packing this morning, and all we are waiting for now is four o’clock this after- noon.” . The hole in the mountain was per- haps‘ four feet square. Ten feet in front of it the engineer paused, and pointed to the ground. Up out of !! rubbed his the earth came two wires, which led . ay from the mouth of the cavern. ’ “Those Wires go down to the .ex— 0; osives,” he explained. They’re ttery wires half a mile long. But ’ don’t attach the battery until the -l moment, as you saw last night. th of the cavern, leading his the hand. Observing that . ~ seen this attention on the we entered a black Blackton Hs voice chral: the chamber. might stumble ‘ ~ There ought to be a - He struck a match, ed slowly toward a wal searching for the lante encouragingly gloom: ' “You folks are now standi . ten tons of dynamit over there’s another five tons of powder ” A little shriek from Peggy Blac ton stopped him, and his mate . out. matter?” he asked anxiously. ”Peggy 11- “Why in heaven’s name do You light a match then, with us standing over all those tons of dynamite?” demanded Peggy. “Paul Blackton. you’re—J - The engineer's laughter was like a giant’s .roar in the cavern, and Joanne gave a gasp, while Peggy shiveringly caught Aldous by the arm. (Continued April 14th Issue) DAIRYMEN WIN TWO VICTORIES The dairy interests of the Unit- ed States succeeded in securing at the hands of the 67th Congress, two pieces of legislation‘which mark real progress. The Voight Anti-Filled Milk Bill prohibiting filled milk in interstate commerce was passed on The Haugen Butter They spent half ' Not a soul was , “What in heaven’s name is the .. U ‘ 9, “Rural Russets , King of the Late Potatoes! . ' ', Resists heat, drought and disease. Our Michigan grown Certified Seed Potatoes produce the largest yields. In 1922 Certified Petoskeys gave Michigan growers 61 bushels .per acre more than the yield from all kinds of seed. In Indiana, Certified potatoes out- yielded ordinary stock fifty bushels per acre. Production1 costs were the same except the small additional cost of Certified Seed. If your Local Cooperative Association or County Agent cannot take your order write to ‘. Michigan Potato Growers’ Exchange Cadillac, Michigan or "scion State anureau SEED DEPARTMENT \L\\ansin , ,flichi Learn how “The Kalamazoo Way” is revolutionizing building methods. House your cattle, hogs and equipment under conditions that increase pro- duction, reduce expense and earn more profits. Learn about our complete building plan service. Kalamaioo Glazed Tile Buildings and Silos Tile Buildings are beautiful, economical, practical, everlasting. Save repair and paint bills; warm 111 winter, cool in summer; decay, storm and vermin- proof; will not burn. Three dead air spaces make perfect insulation. Kalamazoo 'l “13' is made from selected quality fire clay in our own plan: located in the center of the finest fire clay districts. Lo! our Building Plan Department help you. \Vritc fordescrip- ‘& tive literature. Free estimates on receipt of your rough plans. Kalamazoo Silos ——choice of Wood Stave or Glazed Tile. Product of thirty years' silo building experience. Give you greater production, more profit at less cost Yield a handsome dividend on the investment year after year, Write for Free Silo Book Kalamazoo Ink & Silo Co., Depl. 444 Kalamazoo, Mich. FOR SALE 271111111}. TREES FOR $1 postage paid. Start then from my perfected grafts. Jonathan, Dellclous York lm erl MEMBERSHIP Sil-WEI"!b BL land Raspberry, 9"°W TP:HSP:llien§?'eI§ucII-ihvsg: $300 gets Delligieul 111111. 9:111:11 ihgilhlfl-UB' Wealthy. Home Beauty, Steel Red, and many 0mg. JOHN KOTKE Secretary. Rodney. Michigan- figgtilaggn'easid Lgcretiawbewberry, 1 doz ., $1.0 rape nes 16c each. MZAR VI INE EYARD, Ben L. Mai-shall, Paw Paw,srl11‘chh0L. WHEN WRITING T0 ADVERTISERS PLEASE MENTION MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMER 1f YOU act at once! and tthe cfoupon below will renew you own sub- scrip lon or TWO YEARS FROM DAT ' EXPIRATION. E OF —or will enter a NEW subscriber’s n '- TWO FULL YEARS ame for ——or (£11111 renew your subscription for ONE YEAR an enter the name of a NEW sub ONE YEAR scriber for is the greatest offer we have ever made and we do not p mise to keep it open over 30 days, so you must act at once, if yo wish to profit by this 50% saving! (“e 111 klll)\\l((l1..(’. cur} irlnitinnm received with a rcr‘oipt by fir“ r'l'Ls n all) . . .~, 1 THE MICHIGAN BESINESS FARMER, Mt. Clemens, Michigan (1) For $1 enclosed you will enter or renew my subscr I 2 years iption for My Name R F. D. No } ....... _ P. O State..............,...s.._...__...._.__ (If you are renewing kindly send address label from recent issue) . (2) For $1 enclosed renew my own subscription as above 1 year and ' add the following new subscribers name paid— in— full for 1 yeap; ‘ New Name (BUSIN _ “’"l‘ARMER SATURDAY. MARCH 31. 1928 - Edited and Published by THE RURAL PUBLISHING COMPANY. lno. GEORGE M. SLocuM. President Mt. Clemens, Michigan Represented in New York. Chicago. St. Louis And Minneepolll b) the Associated F‘srm Pspors, Incorporated ber Azricu ltursl Publishers Association Member Audit Bureau of Circulations. Milon Grinnoii ‘M'nnnnrimr Editor Mrs. Annie Wranylor Farm Home Editor . FrankD Fruit Editor J. Herbert Ferris Radio Editor 1 . William E. Brown Loni Editor William W. Slocum Treasurer Henry F. Iiipirinn Plant Superintendent Address All Communications to the Publication, Not Individuals. ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR The dete following your name on the address label shows when your subscription expires. In renewing kindly send this label to avoid mistakes. Remit by check, draft, moneY-Ol‘del' 0" "mum letter; stamps and currency are at your risk. We scknowledze by first-class mail every dollar received. Adevertlslng Rates: column inch, Live Staci: rates to lino. 14 lines to the Fiat rates. and Auction Sale Advertising. We ofler special 10' reputable breeders of live stock and poultry: '1'“. ‘3- RELIABLE ADVERTISER8 We will not knowingly accept the advertising of any person or firm who we do not believe to be thoroughly honest and reliable. Should any reader 450 per agate 772 lines to the page have any cause for complaint against any adverthel . in these columns. the publisher would appreciate an m. lmmediate letter bringing all facts to light. In every case when writins say: "I saw your advertisement in The Michigan Business Farmer!" It will guarantee honest dealing "The Farm Paper of Service" BE following news note has been going the rounds of the newspapers: WHO GOT THE 96 CENTS? NOTE IN A POTATO SHOWS PRICE ROSE 400 PER CENT. _ Lynchbu'rg, Va., March 8.—Mrs. W. J. Crowder of this city, while peeling a. potato found a note in it reading: _ “I got .24 cents per bushel. you give?” It was signed “G. F. Beardsley, Stanton, Michigan.” Mrs. Crowder said shc’paid 30 cents a peck, or at the rate of $1.20 a bushel. What did “FARMERS GETTING DISCOURAGED AND QUITTING!” “Farmers all around here are getting discouraged and quitting. There ' have been more Auction Sales around here this past winter than ever before. Within the - last two or three weeks there have from one to four.sa1es every week, within a radius of ten to fifteen miles and in most cases the heading of the bill says, “hav— ing decided to quit farming I will sell at Auction”, and nearly all of them go to town or city towork. I wonder how much longer it will be before the towns are filled 11p.” ROM Rockford comes this letter from an Fearnest business farmer who thus bcwails the fact that farmers, in his locality, “getting discouraged and quitting!” Let's take out 0111 pencils :1 minute and do a. simple problem in economics—you never 11111 ned economics?—well, sit in close and get a. lnsson in what Dr. Friday calls economics, but “but perhaps you have always called “putting—two— and—two together” or practicing “common—horse- are sense!” As near as we can figure out, they amount to the same thing~—basing predictions on experience, We all do that! “Farmers getting discouraged and quitting” to move to town! Don’t sigh, neighbor, throw your hat in the air! Here's your neighbor, his wife and thrce children live mouths to feed. Five produccrs, all working hard to grow more crops to food themselves and other mouths somewhcrc in the cities. _ They movo to town! He has a “good” job in a factory, going to work before sunfiup every morning and working in a spray of paint, paint- ing wheels all day, until it is nearly dark again and he can stand in line to get on a crowded street car and becdme another of the h11_man sardines, but that is another part of the story! Five pairs of hands that were producers, move to the city and become five mouths which are consumers! Supply less—Consumption greater! What happens? Prices for, farm products higher. So there really is nothing to be glum about, unless you-miss the social life of your neighbors and we might suggest that more money from your crops will buy you a better automobile, that will bring you near all the social life that T ‘31.; will be good for you. , Didn’t know you could do a problem in simple ",yeconomics, did you? 1‘ But it is mighty comforting, if a. lot of, mis- ,ing 3’ ’g are and Continue to be producersf AND HIS WORK ONLY. BEGUN! T seems but yesterday and in reality it was: only‘a few weeks back that we wished Milo Campbell good luck and God— speed on his departure to take up his work as a member of the Federal reserve board, to which. Pres1dent.. Harding had so wisely; called him. Milo Campbell dropped dead from heart fail- ure in Washington on March twenty-second, .‘ less than ten days after he had left his home in Goldwater to take up his work and residence in the capital. Every earnest business farmer in Michigan will regret the passing of a man who contri- buted so much to the agricultural welfare of this state. Mr. Campbell was 72 years of age when he laid down his work, having been born in New York state, of English parents, he came to Michigan in 1848 and settled at Quincy. He graduated from the Goldwater High School in 1871 and from the state normal at Ypsilanti in 1875. In 1877 he was admitted ’to the bar, practicing in Goldwater, with the Honorable Clayton C. Johnson, now circuit judge, as his law partner. Mr. Campbell held several political appoint— ments-during his busy life-time, and ran for governor of the state of Michigan, with the gen- eral support .of~the rural districts because of his years of‘work in their interests. Probably the position which brought him the widest acquaintance nationally, was his election to-presidency of the National Milk Producers Association where he was instrumental in sug- gesting and pushing to a successfullissue sev- eral important innovations in the milk situation for the benefit of the producer. _ There is a genuine loss to Michigan and to the farmers of this entire country in the passing of Milo Campbell, but the record of. his life and his achievements should shine forth as a. beacon to those of us who are left behind to humbly pattern the course of our footsteps af- ter his. EAT MORE WHEAT! FEW years ago and it was “Save Wheat for the Fighters—~It will vWin the War!”, now from the north—west in particular comes the appeal—-“Eat-more-Wheati”~and it is justified, because every year American wheat producers meet a curtailed export market because of mil— lions of acres of new wheat lands under culti- vation in other parts of the world and during the past few years a money-value condition which has taken white bread off the tables of millions of people in central Europe. The time was when we were Wont to smile at such appeals as "Buy—a—Bale-of—Cotton" or when we figured that the National Raisin Day, wasonly a half—baked scheme of a promoter, who really had little faith in its effect. To—day, however after years of experience with this open propaganda, we have come to know exactly what may be expected from a. campaign to educate the great mass of people to an idea. Two weeks ago there was a “bread-war" in Chicago between two lines of so—called chain- storcs, each operating several, hundred retail stores in all paits of that city. When the war opcnod 21 small loaf of bread was retailing at nine cents, one chain of stores cut the price to eight, down went the other and so until it was two—loaves-for—u—cent, whereupon the last ch1in off cicd “Bread Free!” with every pur- 1111a :11 and within a few days had forced a truce upon their livals. The price of bread and the price of floor will have a lot to do with the success of :1 “Eat- -more— \thut!” campaign and if the miller will allow the farmer a fair price for his wheat, add a. fair margin for his milling and pass it onto the baker or home with the least possible over-head we believe this, coupled with a popular appeal to the more than a hundred millions in America will have its effect. c ——“”"—t‘ THE SUGAR MARKET .1787“ now the sugar market is turning hand- ] springs and getting ready so it appears, for some high and lofty tumbling. No one seems to know-from just what direction the manipulat- is being done, but several gentlemen in \Vashington, including Secretary of Commerce ‘Hoover, are very-anxious to find out and they seem to have an inkling that it may come from a. certain well known street in lower New York altho it is carefully wrapped and labeled “made in Havana"! It is such a long time before the 1923 beet sugar crop from Michigan will be on the mar- -facts regarding the loan you want. , ket, that we would scarcely adviso beet growers guided formers and farmers’ sons fanddpughtero ’ _ '- profit from this contract that giv snmm on so share of the possible profits—providing ness Farmer has promised that it will heliua. least, to See that the beet-growers of Michigan get that. THE PORTS .OF MICHIGAN the Great Lakes-St. will be a completed project. value, however, ports along the Great Lakes. goods at a. fair charge. Modern ports are far difleren‘t from the old . Future changes. which will demand very careful planning and a type ports of .the early shipping days. requirements will mean still more point of view that can see a long ways ahead. Even more essential than a clear vision on the N a very few years, fewer than many realise. Lawrence Waterwhy Its future as a commercial- factor will largely depend upon the agreesiveness cf the Ships are going , to bring their cargoes 'and receive the seme' where proper facilities are provided to loadg matter, however, is the necessity for as public control of such port facilities which will assure to all who desire to use them that they shall have the fairest of treatments. The tonnage of our lakes this past summer exceeded 200,000,000 tons. Two or three times the tonnage of both the Panama and Suez canals goes through the Soo locks every year. is bound to grow to unprecedented importance if only our port cities will make it possible for this commerce to develop. ' The present session of the legislature has’re- With the coming of ocean ships to our ‘ Great Lakes, this great highway of commerce cently passed a Port Development Amendment _ which is to be placed on the April 2nd ballot. 1This amendment to the constitution if adopted will be, “To authorize the Legislature to provide 1 for the incorporation of port districts and confer power and authority upon them to Engage in work of intcinal improvements in connection therewith.” : This Amendment is a question on which it does not seem possible that negative votes can be cast with any sound reason. The future needs of every Michigan Port can best be gauged by the experience of everv American port which \indicates the necessity for immediately giving the legislature the power to create these port districts and make a start. in the development of the water transportation of the State.‘ BRING THE CREDIT BILL HOME F you want to borrow money and have won,- dering1~just what all this talk about “ex- tended crodits” was going to mean to John Henry You—turn back to page ,three ’in this very issue of The Business Farmer and you will see the rural credits bill, analyzed, boiled- doWn and explained from the best authorities we eculd locate. . ,In a nutshell the value of the relief measure as adopted is going to be the extension of time allowed the producer of grains or live-stock in which he can market his product sanoly and orderly. The oldest trick in history, has prob— ably been thc lo'aning of money to farmers on short time paper that came due just at the time the crop was being halvestcd, so that it was forced on the market, thus creating unnaturally low prices and consequent loss. Of comes, as with any innovation it’would be easy to pick out the probable flaws in this piece of legislation. It has been roundly cussed by both those it is aimed to help and those it has promised to ruin. Republican and Democrat have united in defending and defaming this measure and yet it has won out and we are going to haves. look at it in operation.’ If you need money now for legitimate pur- poses in the conduct of your farming business, go to your local banker, sit down and talk over the situatidn with him frankly. State all of the Do not try to cover or apologize for your actual needs. The legislation which has been enacted is avow- edly for the benefit of you, the farmers of Michi.‘ gem and every other state. If your local banker will not cooperate or cannot, in meeting your needs, let The Business Farmer hear from you and we will do our utmost to help get all the benefit possible from the new legislation for our ' readers in particular and for the wholo farming business in generu1.7.- . ., l 1- The Business Farmer is most noxious: the credit meshinery in ,f‘u . eWilling-to - ...... . ‘ , ’ V" ’- .-4._.._....-_'_'.r.;.'_. - scene: 1323:. fairly swamped this past month t with letters from hundreds ‘1‘) our readers who are in one kind t trouble or another, and we have . empte'd to the .best of our ability to answer each promptly or to take any necesSary action to secure the in- ,rmatlon which our readers have re- peated. - * In a' good many of these letters our eaders tell us that they are willing ,pay for our services, and I want you to know‘that the Business Farm- ; .makes no charge of any kind to a . pajd—upsubscriber, unless we find it semi-y to supply’ legal assistance ’ or expend money in some other man- »‘ne'r, in which case, 'we will, in every instance, secure the written author- . ity«~of our reader before we make , any such expenditure. _ ’ You can always write the Publish- .5, (it’s Desk, knowing that there will be ' no Charge for our services unless it isfully understood in advance, but , I do \wish that you would look at your subscription label before you write us, because we must confine “ this service to readers who are paid- ' .fl‘ff up in advance, otherwise, naturally . W-e-would be taken advantage of by ' ’ = those who are not subscribers to- the . . Business Farmer, or those who have .;;. ,_ . not paid up. 'I think you will agree with us that thl‘. is no more than ' fair. . . - ' THE. “COME-0N" ' ‘ ; Dear Mr. Slocum—Will you please Inform me through the columns of your valuable paper, to which I am a subscriber oi the financial standing and reliability of. the “Corporation” whose literature I herewith inclose. LA lady friend of mine bought shares , :W ‘ . ' m. .-4._.._..’..-_'_'.r.;.'_. - l of their stock to the amount of about , 4‘ $1000.00 a couple of years ago, on « ‘ which she has received cash divi- . . dends~as high as five per cent, every ».‘-;_ ‘ three months. Last Oct. a repre« ' *_ dentative of this “Corporation" in— ‘- -_ .rormed my friend that all parties ' ‘ who 'had bought stock in the ‘ corporation were required to buy an ' I . . additional number of shares of sto'ck, :‘:-"~—~ the number of share being in prOpor- ‘f tion to the amount which they al- 4 ready held, and which in her case . amounted to a cash ~payment of ‘ - nb'out ~$290.00, the additional call be- ‘ - in: made on stockholders for the . purpose of creating a fund to enable the corporation to place its stock on ~the “curb” market. My friend paid her $290.00, signed some papers, the ' Lt" f . wording of which she did not under- . stand, but which later proves to be a '_ contract whereby she promises to a“ buy 72 shares otstock at $16 per i.“ share, a total of $1,152.00 and that g‘ the $290.00 which she had paid was . but the initial cash payment the bal-v ‘ I once of the $1,152.00, which is 3 $862.00, being payable within six ‘ months or failing to do so she for- feits the $290.00 which she has paid. ,My friend was given a written agreement which states that after thirty days or more, should she be— come dissatisfied with her invest- ' ' ‘ ment, her money would be refund- ed upon request. Iamwmingtopayyouanyreas— enable amount which you may re- quest for information which you will . give or obtain for me regarding this , V ._ c ‘3 financial standing, re- " - . liability, etc. Please do not publish my name.” ; e a e . ‘ _ Iamreprinfing the above letterin a this column only because it illus- ‘124 - crates the manner in which the “on ”Publisher's peering“ ‘ been ’ Shark“ operates, onc’e’he has a vict- im in his'clutches-he has many oily schemes with which to extract more money than the purchaser originally - intended. . ~ . ; We wonder sometimes why a per- SOD. will go so far afield to find an in~ vestment, or when the speculation is so wide as it is.in the case of oil wells, or mining stock. They do say however, that most men and wo- men at some time or other in their lives, take a fling at these two kinds of speculatIVe investments; like the child who will nottbeleive that the stove is hot until it has burned it’s tiny fingers! Although continually warned, there seems to be no end to the game, and it goes merrily along from generation to generation. O O O By-the-way, the most ap‘propriate- ‘ 1y named oil well proposition that I have seen in some time, was sent in by a reader who asked what I thought of the “Ralnbow’s ~End Company, Unincorporated, Oklahoma City, Okla." I don’t know anything in particu- lar about this company, anymore than that their advertising is very sensational, and I don’t beleive I would care to invest in their proposi- tion which “is to lease at the rate of $1 per acre, with the understanding that “should oil not be produced on or before January 16th, 1929, the lease dies a natural death." They must be getting hard up for names out in the Texas and Okla-_ homa district, when they call an oil company “Rainbow’s End.” I wond- er if any company has grabbed the title “Will—O~the—Wispi" That would in my opinion be equally appropri- ate. A SORRY FLIGHT Last summer an agent who gave .his name and address as, Geo. Mc- Canna, 416 East Water St., Milwau- kee, Wis., called at our house and said he 'was selling an automobile polish receipt for twenty dollars. As I am a cripple, and I have a hard time getting any money, he said he w0uld give it to me for ten dollars. I did not have ten dollars, so he said he would give it to me for five dol— lars. I bought the receipt from him. He said I could make the polish for fifty cents a gallon and sell it for tour dollars a gallon. I gave the receipt to our druggist, he told me it would cost about $2.75 per gallon, for the ingredients, besides the bot- tles and labels. I hope you can get my five spot back through the collec- tion box. , What do you think about those hand knitting machines, put out by the “Auto Knitter Hosiery" con- cerns. . . Are these reliable companies? Are their machines all right, so that anybody can knitt socks on them. I mean people who are able to under- stand the machines—bright minded people? As I am- a cripple and can not go away from home to work all day, I would like to buy one of these machines but some people say you cannot make the complete sock on the machine, so I am afraid to buy one. -—I* am sorry I cannot help this un- fortunate reader collect the amount he paid the agent over a year ago. We cannot handle claims over six months old. We have found there is little possibility of making collec- tions of that age. I can, however, save the reader money on buying a' knitting machine. ‘ if he is determined to have one, altho, . I have yet to :find anyone making a success of this scheme. I am sorry because I realize how much this reader would like to procure home work. ‘ There are several cripples in Mich- , igan who have built up a business taking subscriptions tor papers and magazines, sending out circulars to -their triends or to‘ mailing lists in their counties. Perhaps this might be a suggestion for our friend who certainly has my sympathy and whom I would like to help in some way. Has any reader a suggestion to otter this ambitious, tho‘unfortun- neighb - or. about, the land oastasabontto ‘vemyplscelistedae First ‘Mortgage Real“ Eatote Gold Bonds", Here is a new guide book to Safe Invest- ment that you can havc‘frcc, asking for it. Mail us todayyour request for Booklet AG806. simply by Tax Free in Michigan 6 1-2% First Mortgage Bonds Free from Federal Income Tax of 4% FEDERAL BONDS Are Better Bonds FEDERAL BOND 8c MORTGAGE COMPANY FEDERAL BOND AND MORTGAGE BUILDING, DETROIT (806) 4 TIMES I Ila/f _ "J Q5 se oiling at least once a week. with one oiling a year. enclosed any other piece of machinery on the Ante-o Around lhe World with ONE DILING 100,000 Miles Without Stopping for oil III 3;; ,.«- An inventor who could develop an automobile, a railroad car or any first" other conveyance on wheels which would perform such a feat would ~ be consuiered a wonder. But such is the record of regular accomplishment by the Auto-oiled Aermotor during the past eight years 1n pumping water. . Did you ever stop to think how many revolutions the wheel ; of a windmill makes? If the wheel of an Aermotor should roll along the surface 5... of the ground at the same speed that it makes when pumping water it would encxrcle the world in 90 days, or would go four times around in a year. It would travel on an average 275 miles pér day or about 30 miles per hourforQ hours each day. An automobile which kcepsnp that pace day after day needs a thorough ' ‘ ’ Isn’t It marvelous, then, that a windmill has been made Wthh Will go 50 times as long as the best automobile with one oiling? ~ ' The Auto-oiled Aermotor after 8 full years of service in every part of the world has proven its ability to run and give the most reliable service . The double gears, and all moving parts, are entirely and flooded With oil all the game. It sizes more "semcedWilll lesssfattention than rm. 0 ge ever astmg win - ' sat’ act' bu lied Acrmotor, the most efiicicnt windmill that has ever been mad: 1 ion y the Auction Sale! April 3, 1923 An IDEAL DAIRY FARM luvma: A distance of only 1‘ mile to B. B. A creek oddmtlnx from a spring fizht oaths farm. 0 Th lax-gut barn in communiu. large comfortable house and well ar— ranged outbuildings. A size oi about 170 emu. WILL BE SOLD AT AUCTION! on easy terms by widow of late owner Mrs. A. Wilkens THERE WILL ALSO BE SOLD 1 Cletrac Model M. Tractor, 1 Samson actor 1 Oliver 2-8 Botiom Plow. and the complete equipment offal-m in» plum-nu and goods on the hm. All in first cla- mdifion at NESSEN CITY, MICH. (M. 1% N-E. II. It.) GENERAL ’ LET US TAN YOUR HIDE—.0 , Horse hidesfor fur coats and Robes. 0&1! AND 533mm Etta hang. on Salad Leatlm. (xt- 1" u - . 11' - estimates furnished. an nuggelms‘wom ’ , . EEWWnooummu 11.1930? assist. AERMO'I‘on co. as"... has... Baum ' W Get Low Prices on Berry Boxes Write iorour Free Catalog! Shows you how you can save money b buying direct Irom the largest Basket Foam-v (a the Country. IchlbanyBoxdlaskciCo..Bexiz7flcwflhmJIL GOVERNMENT NEEDS RAILWAY MAIL Clerks, $133 to $192 month. Write for free specimen questions. COLUMBUS INSTITUTE. 0-4. Columbus. Ohio. TOBACCO KENTUCKY TOBAGOHEBT OBTAINABLB 3-year-old leaf. 6 flavoring directions. Pay flog tigbamoa 33d postage whsn brscelggd§50heglfii§ s. .. ' mo 3 . .. . nouns N 0b.. Hawesville, Ky. HOME BPUN TOBACCO. CHEWING 5 ' ‘ undo 1.75; 0 pounds 3.00. 20 .2 I ' 6pmds8L2 :10poundsgo2.00; poums 3&0. Send no mono , when to- mgéPERATIVE TOBAGOO pgROWERS. NATURAL LEAF Toaacco. ’cuawme a made 81 75; . 10 pounds 3. Sm king. . do 1.25; 10 pounds 32. 0. 3m mo . en received. BA GEO ‘ O . Psdumh. Ky. ‘ 15:: 4...." ’ CORD-WOOD SAW FRAMES BUZZ SAW FRAHE BLADE . I EL: belting pullies, wood-we'r’kins Mfg. every liescnpt‘ ion. Low rinse. res Whnta til-10 1; gm .7 Ca 10211 AC%, L: \F‘ayeijze. IS _// r£ehuzel The Finest °=s Tomato Grown In size—often from 2% t0 3% lbs.; in ”avow— sweet, mild, unsurpassed; in quality-— , solid meat, almost freefrom seedszinyield—not .only produces larger fruit but more per plant. For table use, cannin or marketing, Isbell’g makgssaélsgrpassesg hothtegs. It’ s a money er now— n on or our fine and productive a tomato can gs. self how ORDER DIRECT " Racket 20c: plants 50c per dozen—true strain- tit ther red or golden. C l t garden and Hold seeds frzem 01:! 71:11:25.“ log of S. M. Isbell 8: Company 846 Mechanic St (10) Jackson, Mlch. wmomLLs . 45YEARS on: Mr. B. A. Constable of Indlenn. writes that he is wnterinx 100 heed of stock with n Perkins Windmill that has been on the job since 1877. A silent powerful :teel mill-Hy Itt Rol- ler Bearln dz othpp Blades are henviiy reinforce wit outside and inside hands. he automatic snfety regulator. umps .ln i'uinteslt.3 breeze. Quiet. dnrnbl lo, Ind do endubl reuse only once in two yelre. Lari: eeslly filled grease reservoirs keep work- pnr nrts perfectly lubricated. PERKINS CORPORATION 71 9 Main Street, Mhhewsks. Ind. WRITE FOR BOOKLET Get full storyo! t h i s cheapest w n t e r supply Get ml rig: t I 1 11d tort by choos 11g es s s. Ssuperlor Quality Silver Foxes for your foundetlon stock. Prolific breeders ' t Service to Oust 1111 re" our motto Vitg‘peg‘r ranches or write for prices and FEE E descriptive bookl t. Rest island Silver Fox Co. Lake City, Minn. Arthur Schleiclier Sec. 8: War. m AROUND smsmuou FOB pm cuuwmon PURPOSE - It’s through the right kind of cultivation that foul grlowths are kept down 1 - and 01111161 eradicated. " HE KOVAR DI GGER has opened the field for the right kind of cultiva- tion and having exclusive features. will give isfac- tion which no other much- ine will produce. Thou- sands of farmers have been convinced and we want to , show you. Write for free ' booklet on land - tion and how to Work foul fi‘owths. KOVAR has the most successful Spring ooth Corn Culti- vator, also Harrow Usrt. Write for further in- formation and prices. OWATONNA, MINN. 00 FarmWitll $6 Your Ford The Ford— A Tractor makes your Ford car or any old Ford chassis into n owerful tractor. Flows discs. arrows and all tractor jobs. Dependable and guaranteed. More powerful than three horses. Write today. G. L. WILLITS 2561 Uéilverslty Avenue S. E. MINN APOLIS, MINNESOTA “VICTORY PLANTS ” 5 butternut trees, $1.00. 5 beautiful Virginia (:ednrs _$1.00. 100 Gibson or Dunlap and 100 1-3 grass vines for $401: 00, :30. .00 00.110200 or 1 , erry bushes for :1. 0.00 asparagus moi:z for $1. 00. N c espest but the best. 1m and let live prices. All above small bargains post pnid ostsl ogue. THE ALLEGIN NURSERY- , gas 10 . Aileann, Mlch. SENATOR DUNLAP, WARFIELD AND GIBSON STRAWBERRIES ’ '11..“ .. 1.21.11.31.22 reassess - per acre. so can you. Also grape vines an other ems. fruit. BABION'S FRUIT AND POULTRY FARM, Ohmnlnu, Mlohlgen. . I WBERRY AND ASPARAGUS PLANTS. I 8%“:- given away free with orders. $1000 plants 76 Catalo s free get facts about plants 0. 9. THA an, inn. Rivers. Michigan n. ”museum mums M1, “3°33: ram“ ‘lSBELEST »order of simpler 1 . OI. 4 V' "4.. '9“! ,. TOO MANY OFFICIALS WITH HIGH SALARIES SINCE the beginning of the .World War there has been a mad scramble to supplant the old . American affairs with every sort and kind of Imperial- ism, and every sort of economic de- - vice imaginable. The concentric rings'of this giant contest for sur- vival of the fittest is now centered upon the farmer and his possessions. An inventory of conditions shows the politicians have waxed fat on in- creased salaries for official jobs, the jobs have multiplied innumerably and every job is a planetary with a cluster of satelites of various little and functionary obligations. Equip- ment of the job that once consisted of a plain salary, an ofi‘lce,‘ desk—mom and modest clerical assistance, now involves all these in palatial and princely display and retinue. Auto conveyance and its operatives, elec— tric fans arid uniformed artists of the cuspidore. In the old saying, “the farmer feeds them all.” It is not the feeding them that challenges his - resentment but the little that most of them return for their services. We go out in the morning to feed the cows, presto—over night there has been a meeting of the Spook City Women’s Club and an administrator of stables informs us our cows are facing the wrong point of the com- pas]; because they are nonresistant to We stoke the furnace, and low—a fuel administrator has ordered choas out of consistency. A farmer was asked “what is a fuel administration for?” Answer—— “I don’t know.” A merchant was asked. Answer—“I don’t know." A manufacturer was asked. Answ— er—“I don’t know;” a coal dealer was asked. He pondered a moment and answered, “He's a damn nui- sance to himself and a damage to the coal business.” Then related how recently in the city of Greenville, Mich., a man seeking to engage in the coal business ordered a car of coal and a dealer’s license. The coal came. The fuel administrator stated there were several dealers al- ready doing business in Greenville and no need of more. The license was refused. Did Ierr when I said Imperialistic forces have been involv- ed? Were I to ask'a politician why have a fuel administrator he would lay his finger beside his nose and wink, I think. I have been in poli- tics a bit and can answer the question this waY. The fuel administrator, like scores of other jobs, chiefly constitutes one more spoke in political machinery, that depends on its appointive crea- tions for its chief support and main- tainance. Everywhere, the propell- ing votes of economic industry are overloaded with idler wheels repres- ented by political jobs. If our Legislation wants to do a good job that would considerably re- duce taxes, let them get out their broad ax and decapitate one half the politiJIl jobs in the state. Then out back the salaries of the rest of offic- ialdom to a “state of normalcy” be- ginning with the Governor and pass- ing down to the members of the town ship board. There WOuld be plenty of staunch, capable men willing to ac- cept place for the prestige in it and there would be much less incent— ive to attract idlerrs and gamblers in afiairs of public welfare to public trust.——J. E. Taylor., Ionia County, Mlch. A REMEDY SUGGESTED .4 N your issue of February seven- teenth is an article by S. H. Slagle of Herrictta, endorsing an article be me published :' . your issue of December 9, 1922. The editor’s comment on Mr. Slagle’s article is of 'a. nature to lead one to believe that the editor is opposed to any plea- that would give the farmer the full value of the product of his toil; and the reason for his opposition is based on the fact that Russia has attempted something of that nature and as a result of the attempt a great many people have lost their lives. ‘ This is not the time or place to de- nounce or commend the Russia-us for- what they have so far accomplished. To my mind the great lesson for us to learn from Russia is to see that: our own country does not. become ’ of the world. like old Russia to a degree that will cause the farmers and wage workers to attempt violence as a remedy for their-economic ills. Conditions always determine our actions. Hence, the blame for any loss of life must rest on t' lose having the power to prevent injustice failing to do so, and not on those who, 'be- cause of their sufiering apply the only remedy apparent 'to them in their desperation caused by starva- tion. The trouble with most of those who suggest remedies for the difli- culties of the farmer and wage work- er» is that they have 'not studied the nature of the economic system und— ' er which we now operate. The nature of the competitive sys- tem must have been very well mast— ered by the late Bishop Williams, otherwise he would not have been able to utter the following words of wisdom: “If the Lord in desperatiou—pard- on the phrase—should say, I will feed , these downtrodden starving children of mine, and rain brown bread and molasses upon the earth, it would do nothing to help the pov- erty of the world under our present system. It would merely raise the value of the land where the fall was heaviest.” Henry Ford is another of the few who understand our. present econ- omic system, as witness the follow- ing taken from_,“The Intimate Life of Henry Ford,” written by Allen L. Benson: “Our men work eight hours a day for a living because it takes all they can earn in that time to maintain themselves and pay their share of the general wastefulness and inefficiency Our workingmen do not get full value for the wages they Spend. Nobody does. _ would require too much space; but-A ,, Net saving 40 per cent. . To enlarge upon this in this article I will endeavor to answer all critisms that appear in The Business Farmer as a result of the suggested methOd. -—Joseph Warnock, Pre'sque Isle, County, Mich. ‘ , . . . 1 A PIONEER HAVE lived in Tuscola county ever since 1861. Cass river country fromRSanalac county to Huron county both sides for miles each way. When it was a wilderness I was’ where Cass City, now stands, before there was a-tree cut down and at Caro when there was only one board house and pine stumps and logs. I could turn a hand at any kind of labor; I could fill the place of a lumb- , er jack or a village cop but was no drunkard and always associated with all kinds of.company. first Caro paper that was printed in Caro by Grant Slocum. I took that paper as long as it lived, so I Want the Business Farmer. I could write a pioneer life for weeks to come. I also know something about Macomb county, also Detroit.—L. H. D.', Vas- sar, Mich. ISLE ROYALE AM enclosing to y0u Isle Royale, in verse. I know this represents the sentiment of this my Huron County Oh, beautiful island of splendor, - Ringing back to those manors of old Every time , anybody pays more for a thing than -, it is should cost to produce and sell it, he is helping to support those who are not producers and also paying his part of the penalty for not organ- izing the world on a scientific basis. Earning a living will be the smallest part of our troubles once we have learned to do without parisites and without waste. Too many activities are now non-productive. That is partly because of our faulty industri- al organization and partly because of parasitism.” President Harding in his message to Congress December eighth, 1922, among other suggestions gave us the following: “The widespread gap between pro- duction costs and prices which con- sumers pay concerns every citizen of the Republic. It contributes very largely to the unrest in agriculture and must stand sponser for the fam- iliar termL—the high cost of living. ' No one doubts the excesses traceable to the levy of the middleman; but it would be unfair to charge him with all responsibility before we appraise what is exacted of him by our mod— ernly complex life. We have attack- ed the problem on one side by the promotion of co—operative marketing and we might well inquire into the benefits of co—operative buying.” Considering the Opinions of the eminent gentlemen above quoted, are we not justified in looking upon the critisms of the article by Mr. Slagle as being somewhat unwarranted. In an effort to right their wrongs the people of a country will adopt methods of a voilent nature against their economic masters. Ability to co-operate for the general welfare is our only proof of intelligence. The higher the state of civilization, the greater the co—operation for the elim~ ination of waste of every nature. In my article in your issue of December 9th I stated that I was working on a program for the industrial emancipa- tion of all wealth producers and use- ful Workers. ‘ I herewith submit it for the crit- ism of the editors and readers of The Business Farmer. As a test of the soundness or the idea, organize from‘ fifty to one hundred retail stares in an equal number of 'the most promising communities, one purchasing organization for the chain. lows: Retailers average grOss profit 25 per cent. wholesalers average gross tpjrofit 15 per 'c’éiit,-m anti c, Issuing cost 10 per 11' at The tale of the ages recording Word pictures so weirdly told. ’Tis a church, enshrined, For ’tis in league with mountains of snow, . And the prows of leviathans are ever inclined To do homage in passing, so proudly in tow. in our heart, forever Great inland seas pass by in review, And mutely enquire the way, Their passport, the smiles of citizens true, Who have in those beauties forever portrayed. The serried cedars in erray, . Their sombre beauty makes appeal, 'That woodman may their fate delay, God knows their plaint is ever real. The noble beech whose bosom bland, Is scarred by names of many'lands, Yet, trite, and dignified she stands, Her drooping boughs are angel Wands. The pensive pine whose towering spire Had beckoned pilgrims to the shrine, She gave her all, that homestead‘fires Might kindle love, supreme, divine. ——George J. Barrie, Huron COunty. PUBLIC FUNDS HE article of C. H. A., Michgan Business Farmer February 3d, is right to the point. I heartily indorse his views. Farmers must plan better laws and methods and see that they are en- forced if they ever get out from und- er the present unjust taxes. The public gives liberally for sup‘ port of public schools, state and na- tional government, etc., and by so doing the people are in reality furn- ishing the population the machinery of government, and the capital which makes great accumulations of wealth possible. No person ever earned a. million dollars. It was accumulated from the public, and the major part should, by law and justice, be re- turned in taxes to the public to whom it rightfully belongs. It is said there are three ways of getting rich—by labor, by gift and by stealing. Now labor is honorable, gift Will not stand law, and if any man lets millions and has not justly compensated the pub- : lie for it, he shduld hang his head in shame and his photo should be in j the rogues’ gallery along With the lessee rogues- that try to follow his , example... havev‘ The saying Will be as 1361-“ Appointment to the federal bench ’ of attorneys of the Pierce Butler type who have long served great corpora- tiOns, is viewed With distrust and "aldrmfl "1319 initiative and re 1,, d :15 "119‘ 169i ' ' of co- operative retailing 10 per cent. ,_ I know the- I took the' page 15,‘ « 1...........«._... g. ,1 ‘ New..- 4K...“ K...» SWEET CLOVER PASTURE URING the Summer of. 1921 the Dairy Department in coopera- '» tion with the Farm Crops De- partment‘ conducted a feeding trail of biennial sweet clover as a pasture crop. The lot pastured was a por— tion of a field of sweet clover used by the Farm Crops Department in a ser- ies ofxinvestigations. , The test was started on June 4 when three cows were turned into the lot. The clover had made a good growth and was an excellent stand, being from 37 to 42 inches in height iii different parts of the field. Over 40 per Cent of the plants were in bud, and nearly 15 per cent were in bloom. Another portion of this same seeding was harvested as hay at the same date and producedtwo and three—fourths tons per acre. The cows used in this experiment had previously been on a mixed grass pasture and fed silage and grain in the barn. During ‘the experiment were given no silage or other rough— age than the sweet clover pasture. I The cows wer'e given approximately one pound of grain to four pounds of milk produced, and were on pasture continuously except while they were being milked or weighed. The aver- age weights taken for three consecu— tive days at ten day intervals were taken aslthe true weights of the cows. A total of 177 cow days of pastur- age Was obtainedfrom this plot con— taining 1.46 acres. The cows‘pro- duced 6,088.6 pounds of milk and 201.0 pounds of butterfat. At this rate one acre furnished roughage for 4, 170.3 pounds of milk and 137.67 pounds of fat. During this time the average production per cow per day was 34.4 pounds of milk containing 1.135 pounds of fat.. During the 177 cow days there were consumed 1,452.5 pounds of grain or approxi- mately one pound of grain for every 4.2 pounds of milk produced. Fig~ uring the grain at $40.00 per ton and milk at*20 cents a gallon, $69.07 worth of milk was produced from an acre of sweet clover. With grain at $40.00 per ton and butterfat worth . 40 cents per pound the cows produc- ed $26.02 worth of fat per acre of sweet clover. The cows neither gained nor lost an appreciable amount, weighing in the total practically the same when taken from the clover plat as they did when they were started on the experiment. When the cows were first turned on the sweet clover pasture they did not eat it readily. There was a very limited amount of orchard grass and June grass along one fence and this was cleaned up entirely before the cows would eat the sweet clover to any extent. It was three or four days before the cows evidently ac~ quired a. taste and ate the clover with relish. One cow in the experiment, however, was not turned into the pasture field until after the small amount of orchard grass had been entirely eaten and she ate the sweet clover readily the first day. The cows were Iallowed'to eat the sweet clover every day and at all times of the day, regardless of whether or not the clover was wet with dew or had been rained upon. In fact there were several heavy i mmGAN c R o .1. s? storms during which the cows receiv- ed no shelter and were allowed to eat freely of the cloVer afterwards. During the time of the experiment no animal showed signes of bloating. A considerable portion of the clov- er was destroyed, due to the trampl- ing of the cattle and to their lying on it. Some of the main stems, after being trampled down, sent out new shoots. Without question, however, a considerable portion of the possible feed was lost in this way. It is the belief of the authors that much greater value would have been obtained had it been possible to have turned the cattle on it three weeks earlier or before the sweet clover had ”obtained so much of a start. It is expected that this work will be carried on another year.———O. E. Reed, J. E. Burnett, Dairy Section. POTATOES BOON T0 MANKIND HE lowly potato will now- take on a new lease of life. Its positiOn in the everyday standard of things must surely rise with the pub- lication in Germany of: a treatise on its many and varied uses, just receiv- ed by the Department of Commerce from Vice Consul J. H. Wetmore at Breslau. Divers are the uses out- lined. The first use of the potato is for the nourishing of man—in a raw or cooked state one cwt. is sufficient for one person for ninety days, with additional and usual food. In the form of potato flakes, 1 cwt. of raw potatoes gives 28 pounds of dry pota- toes; the dried potatoes give 20.3 pounds of potato flour, 4.4 pounds of groats, and 3.3 pounds of waste. The second big use of potatoes is for the nourishing of animals—1 .cwt. with other food feeding a hundred pound breeding hog 12 days. In the form of dried potatoes, calculated in starch values, 1 cwt. is equal to 1.15 cwt. of oats; therefore they are suf— ficient for a working horse for nine days. Compared with corn as a stock feed, 1 cwt. of potatoes pro- duces 4.8 pounds of pork fat, 1 cwt. of dried potatoes 18.2 pounds and 1 'cwt. of corn 20.2 pounds. The third possibility for potatoes is for techni- cal purposes. In the manufacture of starch 1 cwt. of potatoes with 20 per cent starch gives 32 to 34 pounds wet, or 20 to 21 pounds dry starch, with a nadequate residue of pulp. The pulp is used for stock feed;. in the distillery 1 cwt. of pulp gives 1 liter of pure alcohol; for the manu— facturing of paper, buttons, breaches, and as fuel. On the other hand the dry starch is used as a foodstuff in bakeries, confectioneries, kitchens, and as. potato grain for the manu— facture of macaroni, noodles, choco- late, and for sausages. It also goes into vulnerary powders, paste band— ages, pills, salves, and other phar- maceutical remedies. In other in— dustries, potato starch is used as an addition in the manufacturing of ferments, washing powders and soaps, and as thickening filling for corrosives and colors. In a distill— ery, a hundredweight of raw potatoes produces 5 to ‘6 liters of pure alcohol and 80 to 90 liters of residuary liqu- ors. The spirits are used for bever- age purposes and for generating light. In the manufacture of dry yeast, 1 cwt of raw potatoes gives 6 pounds of the product. ‘ \ Michigan Farm Bureau Brands include the Best varieties of alfalfa, clo- ver, seed grains and other field and grass seeds. Their Vitality, Description and Purity is guaranteed to be as . represented to the full 4 ' amount of the Purchase ' ' Price. . Certified, Seed Cam - Beans .50)! Beans It Nevenbefore has it been possible to purchase in quantities at low prices such high yielding varieties of seed corn and beans in Michigan. Farm Bureau Brands of Seed Corn are high yielding varieties most .of which were developed through careful breeding at the Michigan Agricultural College and certified by the Michigan Crop Improvement Association. ’ They include certified M. A. C. Yellow Dent, Golden Glow, Duncan’s Yellow Dent, Silver King, Pickett’s Yellow Dent, also limited quantities of Illinois and Iowa grown fodder varieties. We have seed corn adapted to all sections of Michigan of varieties that Will give big returns for the slight increase cost of seed. Farm Bureau Brand certified Robust Beans are the highest yielding white beans in Michigan and Highly resistant to disease. Farm Bureau Brand Soy Beans, Black Eyebrow, Ito San and Mid West_ are excellent for an emergency crop, for ensilage, hogging- off With corn, and for green manure. ’ This spring purchase seed certified as to orgin, purity and adapti- bility and you know your money time and labor will be invested not spent. Buy Farm Bureau Brand Seeds of known value through your LOCAL CO-OPERATIVE. If they cannot supply you write direct to the Seed Deparfmem‘ MICHIGAN STATE FARM BUREAU 7’ Lansmo . MICHIGAN MR. F ARMER! Mr. Dealer Mr. Jobber Are you remembering in purchasing your binder- twine that you have a factory of your own at Jackson? It is making the best twine that can be placed on the market and has a mixture of fiber this year; Manila is added to the sisal to give extra strength.- 1‘ The State Farm Bureau and other organizations and dealers of the state are in position to handle your twine. If they do not, write direct for prices as -‘-we want you to use your own twine as we make 14,000,.- 000 lbs. more than: Michigan can use. ' I 2 Michigan State Prison», . HARRY L. HULBERT, Warden . " JACKSON, MICH. . . Tofia s r ' " Greatgrst ShoeValue WEAR , COMFORT 100 % STYLE . On the better farms you always find implements of the highest type—because they assure the modern agriculturist long and efhcient’service and the great— est crop return. ‘Then why not assure yourself of the greatest possible use of your feet by pro- tecting them, your health, and pocket— book by always demanding—Grief De- fying ROUGE REX SHOES For Wear ' and Comfort for Dad and Son! HIRTH-KRAUSE co. FROM HIDE TO YOU . Shoe Manufacturers and Tanners GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN —-don’ t drive an automobile or truck without I Collision Coverage NEARLY two-thirds of the entire num- ber of claims paid in 1922 were col- lision claims, yet a great many members, either through oversight of misunder- standing, are still driving their cars without this protection. Collision insurance is written in two forms, collision with moving traffic ob- jects, including street cars and railroad trains. and accidental collisions with all objects either moving or stationary. Compare our rates with the old line rates where the collision rate on a Buick car in the country district is $132.00 per . year and in cities of the size of Bay City and Battle Creek it is $151.00 per year. ‘Our collision rate is reasonable and yet affords good protection. Talk with your local agent about your colli- sion insurance. § CITIZENS’ MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE COMPANY of HOWELL, MICHIGAN - EAR Nieces and _Nephews: So many of you have written to me asking that I hold another con- test, that I have decided to do so. This contest is to be different than any we have held so far and I hope I wish to know which is the most interesting article or department in this issue of the Business Farmer, so .here is an opportunity to help me decide and at the same time compete for a prize. Read this issue very carefully, pick out the article or de- partment that you believe will prove of greatest interest to our readers and then write me a letter telling which article or department is your choice and why you think readers will like it the best. You can have your father or mother help 'you. Make your choice and you can dis- cuss with them why it is most inter- esting if you desire, but you must compose your own letter. It, would help compose your letter because then it would not be your own letter and even though it was the best of all received you would not be entitl- ed to the prize. The contest closes Saturday, April 14th, and all letters received between the tn 9 you rece-‘ iv: this paper and noon, Saturday, April 14, will be elegible for the prize providing they are of your own composition. The prize—well, it is another — — “mystery prize” and even the win- ner will not know what it is until he or she receives it. If a girl wins she will receive something she will prize highly and if a boy is the lucky one he will win something he will enjoy very much. Don’t you think it is more fun to work for a prize when you do not know what it is? I do. There are two things you wish to learn then—whether you won and what there was to be won. The prize I am offering is well worth working for and I hope you will all try and make this contest the best we have held. If you do we will have some more contests soon.— UNCLE NED. OUR BOYS AND GIRLS Dear Uncle Ned: May I join your merry circle? I am ten years old and in the fifth grade at school. I haVe three sisters and, two broth- ers. One of my sisters was taken sick in school Monday and came home. There are twenty-one schol- ars in our school. I have seven studies. My birthday is the 18th of June. We have no woods. I have been learning to skate this winter. I wish some of the girls would write to me. Your niece, Lila E. Baker, Osseo, Mich. Dear Uncle Ned and C usins: Hello everybody._ May I write to your merry circle? I wrote about a year ago. I live on an 80 acre farm. We raise mostly fruit, such as peaches, cherries, apples, a few plums and pears and we also have a little raspberry patch. I am in the 8th grade, and I am 13 years old. My birthday is the 1st day of Jan— uary. I have two brothers and one sister. I weight 98 lbs. I was read- ing the letters in the Business Farm- er last night and I happened to see that riddle by L. D. Biddle: a three cornered square, black as a bear, ”$3615.35: .-.-ifiéfilfllmij’l‘lifififimmoflta . all of you find it-very interesting. '. not be fair for you to have someone .7 cousins like to skate? :RCkv guess this riddle or I will pull out ‘ your hair. Answer: an old fashion- ed flat iron. I will close with a riddle and the one that guessesuit right I will send a card to. Twelve . pairs hanging high. Twelve knights came riding by. , Each took a pair, yet it left 11 hanging there. I wish ' some of my cousins would write to ‘me. ' I will answer all letters I re- ceive. Bernice ,Mauer, Beulah, Mich.,,Box 156, K. & W. Orchards. Dear Uncle Ned: This is‘the first time I have written. We have 250 pure bred Barred Rock hens.‘ We live’ on a- 50—acre farm. I have two brothers. The oldest is 12 years old and the other is 3 years old. - I have no Sisters. ' I am in the fifth grade at school, and I have to walk one mile and a quarter. My father takes the Business Farmer and I. like to read the Children's Hour. Ir - will close with some riddles: Why is a airplane like a policeman? Ans.: Because he takes people up. Why, is Sunday the strongest day? . Ans.: Because all the others are week (weak) days. To what island should hungry people go? Ans: The Sand« wich‘ Island. What tree is nearest to the sea? Ans: The beach. .1 think I' have. written enough and will close.-——Frances Marten, St. Louis, Michigan, Route 1, Box 6. Dear Uncle Ned: I have .been a silent reader of the Business Farmer and I thought I would write. I am a girl fifteen years old, March ninth. Have I a twin? I am five feet tall and weigh 100 pounds. I have long browu hair, I live one—half mile west of town on a one hundred and sixty acre farm. Do you like the farm? Well I do. Of course, I like to have a change‘once in a while but back to the farm I go. The grammar room and high entertain each other. The grammar room gave it last Friday and it was good. It was composed of two dialogues and a piece and songs. The junior class entertains this coming Friday. How many I like to skate, I think it is fun. I can roller, skate too. The best ice we have had this winter was a week ago, but it has disappeared. Will some of the boys and girls write, I will try and anuswer all letters. I like to write them and receive them. Your niece. —Mable V. Robarts, Owendale, ‘Mich., Box 6. - Dear Uncle Ned: May I join ydfir merry circle? I am in the eighth grade at school and thirteen years old. I am in the calf club. I have a Jersey calf. We have seven head of Jerseys. I won first in the judg- ing contest in Hillsdale County. I have four sisters and one brother. We had two or three days of summer last week and today is a regular blizzard. We take the Business Farmer and I like to read the' Child- ren’s‘ Hour. I like to ride down hill and skate on a large pond and play pomp—pomp-pullway. I go to the east Maple Grove school just across the road from our place. The answer to the riddle that L. D. Biddle wrote, three corners square, black as a bear, guess this riddle or I’ll pull your hair, is a flatiron. My sister is going .toi write too—Frank Baker, Osseo, M ch. I WINNERS IN “13” CONTEST FINALLY ANNOUNCED! - EGULATIONS which required that the master list Rcontestants findings in the picture be selected from itself and the winning lists be based on the average, made a much longer job of correcting and auditing the lists of objects than was required in the “S” The Business Farmer appreciated how anxious contest last year. were the contestants to know the final outcome and we take this opportunity of thanking all thoée who participated for their patience. ’ couriers!" nuances 8TAND- CORRECT INCORRECT . me wonos wonoa PEEgEuT 1. Frances A. Bmlth ......... Memphis, Mich ________________________ 1 . .7528 2. Mrs. Donn Gibson .......... Houghton Lake. Mich ................. 184 34 1479 3. Mrs. O. D. curt-en ........ Elmira, . V. R. . .... so ’ 33 4. Mrs. H. A. Anderson ...... Hem , 56 . 5. Grace :3. Sanders .......... Tacoma Pk. 50 a r:- ' a,- "s - .. 82 :2 a. "H.779“ L 'filiah """""‘""""""" :3 ‘ . e. ‘ .7 ' . as 10. ' ....Lake‘- buy. 52 11. (trace D. Shimm ............ l'ovl ch......... ..... 59 12. mm room .....,........‘...fllddlov1llo, 1 45 ii: :T'hflamyBanofl guitar's; "lows ii: ‘1 . 3 u .......... .-.................. ., ..... . 15. Emiim 110mg .................. Frederkik. Mloh........,......... ......1e1 3 _ 7 The master list, of objects in the “B" Contest, willrbe‘mail‘ad _. ' ‘ ' ‘anyoneggiterested on request addressed to Th Business ' ‘ ,, , W5" . r . - , . fl ”7 have been handled profitably. rimeeting was . ,.~ stock and only the best 80 or 85 per think we are all agreed that the big . production.” . did térous year in the potato ‘r-ketin‘g business our freights That restricts our market when seven states are competing, one with the . other.” It was suggested that if 15 per cent of the crop could have been kept out of the market the balance could The asked to consider :‘twhether it is possible to get tOgether On a regional basis and work out some method of co- operatively hand- ling the crop, and marketing on the “basis of quality and guaranteed con— tracts between the grower and the sales organization. North Dakota Having Its Troubles , Mr. Gorden Randlett stated that the potato industry has grown during the past few years in North Dakota because Of the educational campaign put on by the Agricultural’College, Farmers’ Institute forces, Farm Bur— eau and other organized effort with the effect that the pOtato acreage has increased from year to year with the consequence that North Dakota took its share of the grief. ' This grief was brought about, not only by the glutted market, but part- ly by car shortage, improperly fitted product and also because of a system of buyers and commission agencies that haven’ t always done the square thing by, the people with whom~they 'deal. He suggested an educational campaign among growers to the ef- fect that in case of over-production, 15 or 20 per cent Of the crop should be held back on the farm and fed to Cent shipped to market. Minnesota’s Experiences Mr. Dunton, manager of the Min— nesota Potato Exchange said: “I trouble this year is the result of over— He stated thatyone of the factors that seriously effects the problem is lack of quality. |There is not only poor production quality, but inefficient local grading brings about results as shown in the following table: ‘ -- Report from State Inspection, Minneapolis of- . Cars U. S. No. 1 r 56 190 125 27 17 “One of the great faults of the present system is consigning cars un- sold. The presence Of 50 or more cars of potatoes in Chicago unsold .and bidding for a market is one Of the strongest factors in. reducing the price. “‘The unrealibility of the dealers is another factor that must ,be over- come. We haven’t developed in this territory a satisfactory marketing system. I believe that the solution lies in creating large supplies of standard potatoes in the hands of a few strong organizations. The solu- tion of the problem for any one state is impossible. Mr. Wells, the man- ager of the Michigan Exchange, stat- ed that Michigan had‘gone as far as it was possible until the other states were organized. Michigan has a very strong organization; they have facilities for storage that will enable them to hold back their entire crop fl .ave gonexup, and the indications are . .‘t‘h'at they will go still higher. until conditions are favorable, and .yet, last season 1, 000 cars moved from Minnesota, South Dakota and nearby territory into the markets and broke the market, not only for Michigan but for the entire west. " Mr. Dunton stated that Minne- sota’s largest problem right now is proper warehouseing.‘ To this end he favors the organizing Of two asso- ciations, a marketing association and a warehouse corporation. ciations for purely marketing pur- poses; where warehouses are needed they are organizing warehouse cor- porations. These are financed by the issuance of common stock to the growers and preferred, stock to oth— ers, the common stock to eventually retire the preferred stock as business increases so‘that the warehouses will, in time,'become the property of the ‘ growers. South Dakota has also been seeing her share of woe. When she organ- ized her assocjation two years ago her great idea was to get all the «growers possible to market thru the association. She sent out live men to organize the growers and they signed'up about 60 per cent of the acreage in a little over' a month’s time. Result, that potatoes poured into the market and the first six days saw the association with 600 cars on track, unsold. This year the asso- ciation has learned a few things. It The asso—j consigned no cars unsold. ’ The conference lasted all day; the committees, on production, grading and transportation reported and theirilndings were turned over to the committee on organization, which becomes the permanent interstate committee. It consists of A. M. Dunton, manager of_ Minnesota Pota— to Exchange; Gordon Randlett, Dir— ector NOrth Dakota Agricultural College; Mr. Foster, Wisconsin Po— tato Growers’ Association; J. ‘J. Mar- tin, manager South Dakota Potato Exchange; Mr. Wilson, Potato Asso- ciation,’ Montana and Mr. Wells, manager Michigan Potato Exchange. Meetings 'will be called in each state to discuss the reports of this meeting with the view Of forming plans for state organizations along the same lines and that may be fed— _ erated if so desired at some future time. FUR DEPARTMENT EDITED BY A. R. HARDING America.’ s Foremost Author and Trapper ‘_QUESTIONS ANSWERED—‘4' TANNING DEER SKINS Will you kindly send me a receipt for tanning deer hides into soft buck skin leather.—-E. J. S., Winegar. ——The skins should first be unhaired. This may be done in various ways, the simplest, however, is to soak in clear water until the hair slips, A diver c s' f better stuff and When the hair and “grain” or dermis can be readily scraped 0! the skin on the beam hair dow 'flesh it well, then turn it over scrape Off‘ all hair and ' " (loose outer hide). with a square edge, is best for thi A skate blade answers very well. if. you perfer, the graining may be don before the fleshing. Next dissolve a half bar of laundry soap in two gallons of warm water. While still warm put the skin in and ., work the suds well into it. ‘ Let it: stand about twenty-four hours, take it out, wring and pull it dry. Keep working—~ pulling and wringing".- while drying—for the working has much to do with making the tannei, pelt SOFT. Give it a coat of oil dressing of some kind, butter or“ grease will do, warm the water, add another half bar Of soap and put in again. After twenty-four hours mOre take it out and pull and stretch as it dries. The more you pull and work with the pelt while drying the SOFT—- ER it will be. A very thick skin may require a third soaking inthe warm suds (and a third pulling and . wringing) but twice should answer for does and young bucks. When dry and soft, skins should be smoked with a punky or dozy hardwood fire; this should give them a nice yellow tinge, much better than » can be done rubbing ochre into the buckskin, as is sometimes done. ARMY CAMPAIGN HATS 97c This hat is made of pure wool felt. They were manufactured under government supervision. Very practical for farmers, campers and boy scouts. Easily worth $2. 50 . sizes 61/2 to 7%,. 97 plus Special c postage ooooooo ..--.o... \ ($11.32; WOOL OYER- p us CAPS 1 10 postage GOOD QUIJTY COTTON HOSE 9’ plus C postage MEN, YOU CAN’T AFFORD TO PASS THIS UP Rubberlined Raincoat $3.39 We defy competi- tion on this re- markable value. 1 Men’s raincoats, made of strong waterproof drill cloth, Pure gum rubber lining with two slash pockets ; belt all around. A dressy and serv- iceable garment. Cloth is very closely woven. .15 about 45 inches long. Sizes 136 to 46; at $3.39 plus postage 1.1.1.. $1.79 Breeches Khaki lace leg - breeches, made from closely woven durable khaki cloth, double ‘ sent. Double sewed throughout. “Regular . $2. 50 value. $10 7911] post-Be seesaw These breeches are made like the above only’they are made of extra fine quality :moleskin cloth. . 32-4 _ .33.. E . rope, as proven by tests. 311mm men or: Startling Values 1n U. S. Army Goods and Other Merchandise ARMY PUP TENTS U. S. Army, Class B, Pup Tents, cannot be distinguished from new, made with two halves that button together; will accomodate two persons and are absolutely waterproof. Folds up into a. small bundle and only weighs 6 lbs. Just the thing for the camper or for a chil— dren’s play tent. They can also be used as ~waterproof covers. 1 7 plus Regular $6.00 value ...... I postage Complete with poles, 25c extra. U. S. Government Auto Tow Lines 89c Made of extra fine quality Russian hemp, inch, waxed and oiled, making it extra durable and waterproof. About 27 feet long and equipped with steel loops and snaps on each end. A wonderful auto tow line. Hitch rein for animals, pulley rope, etc. Can be used for 100 purposes: Cost the government $2. 50 8 Has six times the strength of ordinary Put one in your car. 890 .552... Guaranteed Six Months’ Wear $2.97 You cannot really ap- preciate this shoe until you actually see it. Soft pliable uppers, full vamp, two full oak Boles, sewed and nailed, leather inner soles. Regular $5.00 value. $2.97 p 1ece. Special, each .......................... plus postage Write for our 1923 catalog -—it’s free ARMY WOOL -plus WRAP LEGGINS ......... . 79C postage TURKISH TOWELS plus small size . . . . . . . . ..' ......... 10c postage TURKISH TOWELS plus medium size . ...... ' . . . . . . . . . 250 postage .AWRITE FOR OUR FREE 1923 SPRING SUMMER CATALOG ficewzér (FORMERLY rnE’NEw ARMY AN DNAVY STORE) Dept. F- 7- ‘ 242 Mar ustte Avenue fl Minneapolis, ‘ 1nn.’ Guaranteed SATISFACTION or Money Back Pay the postmaster on arrival. If after examining the goods you find that any part or all of the shipment is unsatisfactory, return the merchandise and we will gladly refund you in full. No questions asked. Khaki Blouse Coats 39c S. Army Khaki cotton blouse, made of closely woven cotton material, flap pockets. lightly used, but they look li new; $3.00 val 9; sizes 32 38 391: .332... Army blouses, brand new 89c .3235... U. S. Army Style Khaki Shirt 97c Do not confuse this shirt with inferior grades. Double sew- ed throughout, with 1 pocket, heavy roll collar, slip-over style. 97c plus postage 7 ’ J1 SCOUT SHOE We are proud to offer you this marvelous value in a scout shoe. Strong muleskin upper, durable chrome outer, soles, barnyard . proof. $1.97 plus postagp I. l“ $1.97 MUNSON LAST plus ' WORK SHOES $204 post-go ARMY FIELD on $2 9 plus 5. — HOB NAIL SHOES . poytu'o . Do not send a penny—pay the postmaster for the goods, plus postage on If after examining the merchandise and feel dissatisfied. return the goods Ind no will gladly refund your money. . . AN EASTER HEMN By Thomas Blacrburn WAKE, thou wintry earth, Fling 011' thy sadness, Fair, vernal flowers, laugh forth Your ancient gladness, t is risen. \Vave, woods, your blossoms all, Grim Death is dead, Ye weeping, funeral trees, Lift up your head, Christ is risen. Come, see, the graves are green; It is light; let us go ’Where our loved ones rest "In hope below, Christ is risen. All is fresh and new, Full of Spring and light; Wintry heart, why wear’st the hue Of sleep and night? Christ is risen. Leave thy cares beneath, Leave thy worldly love, Begin the better life - \Vith Godabove, Christ is risen. SPRINGTIME EAR Folksz—Springtime brings with it all the feeling of want— _ ing to stretch ourselves and em— brace the big outdoors, to see all the wonderful things coming into life and hear our birds busying them— selves with building their new homes. ' Our animal friends teach us a great lesson in the spring of cleaning house and freshening up their abode. All the things about us take 011 new life and seem to tell us to get busy. A new season is here and we must be up and to our task. So let us take an inventory of our own and start this week with our own house—cleaning and fixing things up, both inside and out. I know it will bring with it a great deal of sat- isfaction and happiness in our minds. ‘ One of woman’s chief problems is 'house-cleaning and all the wonders of going thru drawers and boxes get- ting out last summer’s clothes and putting away the winter ones so that the moths and other pests will not destroy them before they are needed again. Some feel house- cleaning a chore, but after one gets into the work and sees the wonderful results gained, not only in having the house-in- order, but that wonderful peace of mind that comes to us all when a job is well done. Why not let us try this spring and have the outside of the house made attractive. You do not have to look with envy upon the town woman and think she is the only one that can ‘have an attractive front-yard. Why not let us have John fix a fence or an enclosed place'to let the chickens run in, instead of letting them roost on our front porches, and decorate our front yards. Why’not have the children take an interest in keeping the animals in the back of the house. Let us try this spring to see how attractive We can make the front of our houses, with a few shrubs and flowers. If you cannot afford to buy seed or special shrubs and flowers, I might suggest the woods flowers. - They have a lovely charm all their oWn and will make very attractive rows or beds. The little labor put on these few things pays for itself in the happiness that almost amounts to pride. You will enjoy sitting there to do your sewing and rest when the day is done. SUMMARY OF WHAT SHOULD BE DONE CLEAN-UP \VEEK LEAN—UP week should be pre- C ceeded by a health sermon in all . the churches and the Monday following should be give as a school holiday in order that the-children may help in the home and commun— ity clean—up work. Following is a general summary of what should be done: 1. Move out all rubbish, salvage what-may be useful and burn the re- mainer; move, dust and clean well 1111 pictures, furniture, drapery, car-1 sting, bedding, clothing, cooking " snails, and all the furnishings of house into the open air and sun hem all day. If the day set aside ' ,- cleaning is cloudy or rainy, use he next bright day. 2. Brush down Walls and ceiling 'ly- .all floors and woodwork. 11 rooms; scrub and clean thorr these columns. my ability. or material. at once. for the best letter, and $1.00 for the next best let- ter. The next three best letters will receive a year’s subscr’iptiOn to the Business Farmer. Edited by MRS. ANNIE TAYLOR NEW service department for women will be made possible thru Any questions will be answered to the best of I will gladly advise you on any problems regard- ing your home or personal affairs. any articles you might’ find if difficult to obtain in your own vicin- ity. Detroit has most everything and it could be sent to you C. 0. 'D. Maybe you would like to match up something either in thread I want you to feel free to write me anything you might have on your mind and know that it will be. taken care of We will call it “Personal Shopping Service Bureau.” CASH PRIZES FOR SIMPLE GARDEN LETTERS In our next issue I am planning to devote this page to the garden \ and making our front yard more beautiful. for the best suggestions which incur little or no expense. fa AddreSs letters: Mrs. Annie Taylor, care The Business Farmer, Mt. Clemens I will gladly purchase for you Prizes will be given $2. 00 fw, . ‘ Strong lye and hot water may be us- ed on rough floors, but only hot wat- er and good soap should be applied to painted or finished floors and furniture. Do not use lye water on anything that is painted. Now is the time also to paint, paper or white— wash such inside walls, ceilings and woodwark as need attention. 3. Clean front and back yards, scrape off surface dirt, level and mend walkways, and attend to hedges, flowers and shrubs. Clean barns, hen houses and pig pens, and remove all accumulations of manure. 4. The water‘supply should be carefully inspected to see that sur- face filth cannot get into it. 5. Sanitary privies and water closets should be installed or rerpair- ed and made fly— proof. 6. Make all house, out-buildings and fences. See that screens are tight, and free from holes. Be sure to use plenty of paint or whitewash. In whitewash- ing use plenty of good lime, and, to keep the whitewash from rubbing‘off add one quart of salt to each five gal— lons of whitewash. :EASTER DINNER ASTER is here and with it all the glory of happiness that comes to us on this particular Sunday. Why not help celebrate it with a suggestion of the day in our menu . and have our table take on a differ- ent look. If it is possible have some flowers or even a little green of some kind in the center with a touch of yellow or- purple ribbon. Let us have a meal in keeping with the day. The following is a very simple one and if not heavy enough any good meat will balance it. I have plan- ned a menu with this in mind: Oranges Purple Jelly Creamed Eggs on Toast French Fried Potatoes Buttered Asparagus in Lemon Rings Twin Mountain Muffins Grape Ice Washington Pie Serve halves of large oranges with a little whipped cream colored purple in the center of each. Put a rather thick white sauce on buttered toast and on this place halves or quarters of hard cooked eggs. The yellower the yolks the prettier the effect. Draw asparagus stalks or string . beans which have been heated and seasoned through rings of lemon skins. The twin mountain muffins are yellow. Cornmcal muflins are also. Grape Ice’: 4cwater, 2 c sug- ar, 2 c grape juice, juice 2 lemons, 1—2 oz. citron out very fine (if desir- ed). Make a syrup of the water and sugar and bbil for 10 minutes. Cool. Add the other ingredients and freeze. If grape jelly is used instead of grape juice melt the jelly, add to the syrup and use less sugar. Deter- mine this by the taste. Washington Pie: sugar, 2 eggs, 1- 2 c milk, 1 3- 4 c flour, 1- 2 tps. salt, 2 1- 2 tps. baking powder, 1- 2 tps. vanilla er 1- 4 tps. lemon extract. ' . Cream the fat, add the sugar grad. ually, then the eggs well beaten. Add the milk alternately with the mixed needed repairs to . 12cfat, lc. SLIP-ONS .REVIVE OLD FURNI- TURE 0 get a change or an appearance of newness to your furniture, try the slip—on scheme. There is 'no limit to what these slip-ons will do for a room and you will also come to love your furniture. . New fashioned, sprightly slip-011s for furniture are made from crinkly chintz. Very often the furniture becomes worn or shabby and the owner does- n’t wish to invest in a complete new . set. Here the slip—ens serve their purpose. Just lay the material on the piece of furniture and out exactly the same size. Cut the back length six inches longer and three inches wid- er than tl1e back of the chair, if you wish to make your own slip-ens. In the same way cut the seat pieces. ‘Keep the cretonne straight and let any large figure design come square- ly in the middle of the back or seat. Extra pieces can.be cut for the arm pieces and up over the back, giving the appearance or effect of an appli— ed banding. The bottom may be IN YOUR HOM E_.__ and sifted dry ingredients, then the flavoring. Bake in tWo layers in round tins. Spread cream filling layers and over the top. between the Cream Filling: 7-8 c (14 tbs.) sugar, 1-3 c flour, 1-8 tps. salt, 2 eggs, 1 tps. vanilla, 1—2 tps. lemon extract. Mix the dry ingredients, add the eggs slightly beaten and pour 011 gradually the scalded milk. Cook . 15 minutes in a double boiler, stir— ring constantly until thick, then oc- casionally. C001 and add the flav— oring. . In the filling on the top arrange a circle or other design of purple cher- mes. Hot Cross Buns Hot cross buns, of course, are es— pecially for Good Friday. In olden times, if eaten before any other feed 011 Good Friday morning. they were supposed to ward off witches, cure internal diseases and to protect dwellings from fire. They now have lost much of this legendary signifi- cance, yet they are still considered a delicacy of the Good Friday menu. Although properly belonging to Good Friday there is no reason why they 'may not be served on Easter if one wishes to do so. I give the recipe: Hot Cross Buns: 1—4 cgsugar, 2 tbs. fat, 1-2 tps. salt, 1 c scalded 1111111,, 1—2 yeast cake disolved in 1-4 c lukewarm water, 3—4 tps. cinnamon, 3 c flour, 1 egg, 1-4 0 raisins or cur- rants. Add the fat, sugar and salt to the milk. When lukewarm add the soft- ened yeast cake, the flour and cinna— mon gradually and the egg well beat- en. When thoroughly mixed add the fruit. If raisins are used cut them in pieces. Cover and let raise over night. In the morning shape in round bis— cuits, place in a pan, let rise, brush over with beaten egg. bun. Bake twenty , rminutes, Cool and with ornamental frosting make a cross 011 ten of each . , we: ,9? not mm» or d, era-sh will do, but are no for plaiting. WALLS AND COVERING T IS best .to remove any old paper and if one does not want to'paper with regular wall paper, butch- ers.’ or building paper can be put on with narrow strips, making a clean, nice wall. Where there has been no paper and the house is not lathed and plastered, beaverboard can be put on by some home folks. If you have good plaster foundation, the cold water colored mixture can be easily applied'and stenciled. er like this finish as it is easy to ap- ply and by getting a good quality it will not rub off and can be obtained in soft tones. Below are a few sug— gestions in color and design. North exposure and rooms ' that seem cold and dark need warm col- ors—Yellow, orange and red. If ,the room is small, light color makes it appear larger.‘ Dark colors are advancing colors, making large rooms look smaller. Southern or western exposures re— quire cool colors—Blr violet green. Stripes make room appear higher. Bright colors make one restless. Red paper often causes headaches. If one has several good pictures and wants them'to stand out, it is best not to use patterned paper un— less indistinct in design. . Be sure to choose colors that harmonize with rugs and furniture. PUTTING WINTER CLOTHES AWAY The winter clothes will look better and be worth more for wear next winter if they are cleaned, brushed and mended before being put away for the summer. Moths thrive best. in soiled clothes, and it is most-em— barrassing to take out the winter suit or overcoat some frosty day in November and find it full of lacy little holes where the moths have been living in comfort all summer. Mothers Problems . THE CHILD AT THE PENCiL- MARKING STAGE FRIEND made the remark to me when my first little boy. was ap— proaching two years: “He’s just getting to the pencil—marking stage, isn ’t he? I suppose soon your books and your pictures, your paint and your wallpaper will bear his first s01 awls I was horrified at the: thought. I saw no reason why they should be, and now, though the home has four little children, the paper. the paint, the books and the pictures remain undesecrated by pencil-mark— mgs. Whether pencil-markings shall be ’ everywhere in evidence rests entire— ly with you. Every normal little child finds pleasure in using a pencil. It is to him a delightful sensation when he finds that there is a result from merely moving the slender ob— ject in his hand on paper. Natural- ly he desires to make those funny lines, once he has discovered how. If, at that stage, he is not taken in hand and his efforts guided, pencil- markings will appear all over the house. The mother who understands will not take the pencil away from the child, and forbid him to have one again. Instead she will provide him with a piece of paper “like Mama writes on” for his scribblings. When that piece is used up, she will provide another piece until the cravings to make marks has been satisfied. Little children understand much- more than they are oftentimes given credit for. If a mother will. repeat when the baby Wants to use the pen— cil he has picked up, “Mama give baby paper; b‘aby make pencil go 011 paper; baby write on paper,’ ’she will be surprised to see how quickly the child grasps the idea, and how soon. when he desires to make marks,.he will run and get a piece of paper. Persistence and patience a mother must~ have. One lesson will not teach a little child. The lessons must be continued over a consider-- able period. The mother must be continually on the lookout. * ‘ “Mama doesn’t write on pretty books. See. book is all clean. Mama write on‘ paper; Baby write on paper, too." And Baby will understand. There really is no extzuse for books I rath- - () 1_A“W.mumlmn,IM.......-.--A.-. . i - , l i i i s i ~ the table. Pemace stone to rub the rust'dff from needles- and the sharpen needles is fine just rub them on a piece of stone. ——.T. D. , One way to save washing and iron— ing, make the best parts of oldtable- cloths into towel shaped strips and place across the ends‘ and sides of They can“ be changed often and are a good deal easier to wash and iron than a table cloth.— J. D. '. We hear a lot of talk sometimes abOut women not having the meals on time, but very little is said about the men not being on time for their ' meals. The last is just as much of a nuisance as the first—J. D. We have the poem, “Brier-Rose” and find it too long to print in the paper, but will be glad to send it by mail\if the reader who asked for it will send me her name and address. Keep Away Moths Apply gasoline with a sponge or brush to your carpets to keep the moths away. . Makes Furniture Shine Old pieces of velvet or velveteen should be saved and used for polish— ing furniture. What Will Remove Liniment Stain? I have a large yellow stain on one of my best pillow slips, caused by a bottle. of Turkish liniment tipping over on it and it seeped out through =2AIDS TO GOOD DRESSING EFFECT OF LINEs 1n DRESS Perpendicular lines seem to increase the and may be introduced into the costume b‘ye panels, plaits. rows of but- height of an individual tonzs, tucks or brai 4319 be used for this model. of 40 inch material. . into this bag. . Horizontal lines 8seem to increase the width of an individual and may be introduced into the costume by ruffles, tucks, . he more nearly a curved line approaches a straight line the more beautiful it becomes. An individual with very ample curves may straighten her curves by not drawing her dress in too tightly at the waist line. A Stylish Dress in One Piece Style 4303. Taffeta, satin, crossed in double breasted sty.ie The collar may be rolled high, or turned low. The Pattern is cut in 3 Sizes: 16,18 and 20 years. An 18 year size requires .114 yards The width at the foot is 2% yards, with plaits extended. sh ,1 as butter, 1 any good. I do not know anything , about what the liniment contains as it does not tell on the bottle. It is oily and is or was put up at Port- land, Mich The label was dated .1906. Can anyone tell me some- thing that will‘ remove it?—Mrs. A. D. ——Has anyone ever had this trouble? Write me and let us help Mrs. A. D. For Mrs. C. C. We are indebted to Mrs. E. S. for the following information on clean— ing feather pillows, requested by Mrs. C. C. a few days ago. Mrs. E. S. says to take a large clear pollow slip, open one end and pour the feathers Then to make a suds of soap flakes using three parts flakes to one of borax. Wash in ,three waters and then rinse in clean warm water. When rinsed thor- oughly hang bag on the line on a’ bright sunny day; flufi it often with the hands then take into the house to dry. Mrs. S. H. S. sends in directions for cleaning as follows: Remove from cases to cheese cloth bag and allow feathers to hang in sunlight for two days or more. Wash tick- ing, then return feathers, she says. -—if you are well bred! ——You 'will never open another's letters. ——you will not enter the room of any member of the family without first knocking. braid. etc. serge or linen could The vest portions are cream, ietc‘., but notlfing seems to do 'and easy to launder. Simplicity and Good Taste Combined 4305. Here is a model that has attractive features and is withal comfortable. l‘igmed and plain crepe, or the same combination in voile or foulard, or linen and gingham could be used for this style. The Pattern is cut in 3 Sizes: 16, 18 and - 20 years. To make this style for an 18 year size will require 4% yards of 32 inch material. 'lhe nidtli at the foot is 21 yards. To make the waist and sleeves of contrasting material requires 21.; yards of 32 inches wide. 0 A Simple Pretty School Frock 4319. Plaid or checked Gingham (onld be cmombinel with chambrey or linine for this style. The collar may be omitted. The sleeve may be finished in “rist length with a band cufl’, or in elbow: length, with the shaped cuff illustrated The dress closes at the side. This Pattern is cut in 4 Sizes: 6, 8,10 and 12 years. A 10 year size requires 1'7 3 yard of 36 inch material for the waist and 11/; yard contrasting material for the sk'nt. To make of one material will require 3 yards of 36 inch material. A Comfortable Sleeping Garment 4325. Madras. cambiic, silk or flannellette. could be used for this style. 11'1thl cegtrtet back and leg4se§1ms f Thfi cuff 1111ay2 be omitted. 1s 11 cm is cu in race or eye: 0 and 16 years, and in 3 Sizes 1‘ \[z Medium. 38-40,Large,4"—41;Ext1a Large, 426- 48 inches breast measure. 'l‘o inlilxe llic gaunent for a Medium size requiies 4% yards of 36 inch material. . , A Very Attractive House Frock 4302. Blue or black sateen with white dots, and with trimmin f p sinngcar this stylg. It isS_also nigcc f§r percale and gingham g 0 white linine, would he he atern is cu in 7 mos: ‘ , 40, 42, 44, and 46 1 A 38 inch size 1e<1nircs 5 yards of 40 inch material. To trim as illustiiiltcetlieswllllsgsilldliaesmf yard of 3‘.’ inch 111utc1'iu1.1‘he width at ’the foot is 2% yuids. '3 A Comfortable Apron Model 4308. This style should appeal especially to women of mature figure Th finished to close at the’shonldns or sides or to he slipped over the head It 61.511333; tgmihalzg ““3 Stu" ‘3 300d for 99191118 01‘ gimh'am also for other apron falnics. The Pattern is cut in 4 Sims: Small 34- 36' Medium, 38-40; Large. 42-44 Fxtra Large, 46— 48 inches bust 111e.1s111'.c A Medlum size requires 31/2 yards of 36 inch material. It is finished ALL PATTERNS 12c EACH—3 FOR 30c POST-PAID 2%? {fifimaflfes‘ibislgnfil former issues of The Business Farmer, giving number and sign your ADD lac FOR SPRING AND SUMMER FASHION BOOK . Address all orders for phtterns to Pattern Department, THE BUSINESS \FARMER Mt. Clemens, Mich. w A mums». Ill/711w ’ ‘ FLOUR ‘11: NEWERA MILLINGU’ ARKANSAS CITY KN“ » isthmus amFlWl ix DEMAND P0 All BEAR llilllli Most Value for Your Money A Trial Bag Will prove it! J. W.HARVEY & SON, Central States Managers, MAR-ION . IND. MONEY TO LOAN On the 33; Year Government Amortization Plan to desirable borrowers who own good, well-managed farms 1n Michigan and Ohio, and wish to borrow not over 50% of the value of their land plus 20% of the appraised value of the buildings. No commissions—Low interest rates. No stock investment. Unusually prompt and satisfactory service. If your loan will meet these requirements, write us. FIRST JOINT STOCK LAND BANK OF CLEVELAND Guardian Building, Cleveland, Ohio Made in a great Michigan factory built on 30 years of honest shoe values. .Wears like iron- a good barnyard shoe Uppers of the brown shoe given a spec- ial tanning " to make them resist the barnyard acidS- H- B HARD PAN A favorite with farmers and outdoor men. Boys’ sizes too. Soles made from best part of the hide. Sold throughout Michigan. Herold-Bertscli Shoe Co. Grand Rapids Semi for Booklet THE 11111111111111 of a prostrating illness 16 l a time of rebuilding oil strength and energy, and I nothing quite equals rich, nourishing cuii’simuisiili of pure Vitamine-bearing ' cod- liver 01l as a strength- restoring' i l food- ionic. Scott’s I Emulsion is easily ,. digested and helps build up body and strength. Scottdc Bowue. Bloomfield, N. I. 22-53 .m. 1..— \\ rite today for free instruction book and "Evidence of Concep- ticgii” b%ank. Send 1sketchi o.- m e or persons. 0pm on. 0 All-IEHCE 0’ IRIEN Ren- L . lswtered Patent Laws. 1053 Southern lulldln . Wash lgtn gton : -. : D. 8. Fully Guaranteed—We pay the Freight. 011- color Free. Dependable 111:. Go. .Btreator, I‘ l OISTS FOR FORD TRUCKS $27. m Slate Sui-faced 12005111- . ‘. - . p i - LayYour OwnRoo ' This Spring Do it in your spare time. No experience needed. Only hammer and jack knife required. Use our standard Radio Slate- Surfaced Roofing. Ap roved by Fire nderwriters Spark proof. Fire resisting. Better protection than .wood shingles. Extra durable and not afiected by heat or cold. Best Standard Quality You(. an Buy Only $2. 00 per roll (enough to cover 100 sq. it.). For old or new roofs, or over old wood shingles. Red or Green Non—fading crushed slate surface beauti- fies as well as protects your home. Guaran- tccd for 15 years but should last longer. Send for FREESAMPLES It puts you under no obligation to buy. $2.00 per roll in- cludcs all nails and cement. (Add So it wanted ‘ with extralong nails.) Ship ed from Chicago. Kansas City, St. Paul York. Ea. Southern. Ill or NewOrleans,La. (82. 2.1‘ per roll from Kansas City or St. Paul.) Write to our house non rest you. Address Dem MontgomeryWardMe Egr- do Kansas City SLPoul FortWortlI Portlandl): quwqu.“ ~ 7’. You Can Do The Same ! " I saved 50¢ a roll. buying my g] o 0 fi 11 g f 1' o m yoGeo. Webber - Hookstown Pa :‘ (Used withpermiuiou) [3 , Here’s good news for farmers—the famous Peerless Fence can now be purchased direct from factory at Lowest Prices Ever Quoted on Peerless fence. Write for {1119.104 page catalog giving new low rice: . on Fencing—Bari) WirchSteel oetl Gates—Roofing and Paint. Save 40%. . ' Satisfaction guaranteed. . PEERLESS WIRE 8. FENCE 00. Dept. 3807 Cleveland, Ohio .;.' Fume”...- at CLEVELAND. omo :-~2 \ ADRIAN, RICH. MEMFHES. TENN. '7 Cured Her Rheumatism Knowing from terrible experience the sufron- ing caused by rheumatism, Mrs. . E. Hunt, . who lives at 60 Douglas Street 0489.. anxious to tell all other sufferers ust h ‘ . getri “d of their torture by a slni'ple 111:: :: om Mrs. Hurst has nothing to sell. Merely mall ‘ your own name and address. and she will gladly 1 - send you this valuable information entire free. Write her at once before you 1 .,'. . --‘1 ' that new hull ’ '4 A. M. Frank. East Earle, Pa: “Early in. the "spring I had a cow that with Abortion which had taken, a bad start, so I sent for a veterinary but the worse and did. not eat . for two weeks and the doctor said she would die as she was so weak she could not stand up any more and he could do nothing for her so I went of Kow-Kare and gave it rig to directions and in three days her feet and eating real good. Tod y she is as good a cow as you can find. must say that Kow-Kare saved her and C will others just the same, as this was a was afleeted cow kept getting anytime _and t-a box aceo she was on So (very bad case when I started." Not all abortion is curable, but usually it is the result of a badly run down condition It is these organs and the digestive functions that Kow-Kare Its medicinal aid is without an equal in the treatment of Barrenness, Re« tained Afterbirth, Scouting, Bunches; Milk Fever, Loss of Appetite—all of them re- impairment of the genital of the genital organs. rebuilds. sulting from and digestive functions. -— Don't give up‘ the abortive cow‘as lost » :wmmmxow-Kmame.We ‘ receive yearly hundreds of letters telling of . complete mics through the use of Rhianna, Here is one from Joseph E. You can find Row-Kare at “mtg "s'dealer 13”};3': supplied we mil.” your . pontpaid, on receipt of price. i 'fiilll Ifllu" u ‘ 0" lNC. ‘ ‘2 if‘lliifiiiiiiiiiiu "mmm‘v V'- i niiiili . "mfactunr. , 0' KOW-KARE and BAG BALM gill”; M”. ”until" , l. mull“ ; gluiiiiiilhnllli i ii i :ii "iiiii‘dililiiii; Ii" ' -l::::;:.‘ .1" l .mliililnnmiiilIi“ l, 'mfim ”iii »E%s Advertisements inserted under this neadlng for I‘eputanu Breeders or Live Stocx at. special um rates to encourage the growmg of pure-oreds on the farms of our readers. Our advertising rate is Thirty Cents (300) per agate line per Insertion. for cash if sent with order or paid on or before the 10th N YOUR AD AND WE WILL PUT IT IN TYPE or $4.20 per inch, less 2% of month following date of insertion. SEND I so can see how nan lines it will fill. FREE' so y ‘ IyYIICI-IIGAI“ BUSINESS FARMER, MT. CLEMENS, MICH. BREEDERS DIRECTORY. ~ ' i To avoid conducting 031.05 we Will «lthou 008i. list the date of any live stock sale In Michigan. If you are considering a sale ad- vise us at once and we will clam the date for u. Address, lee Stock Editor. M. B. F.. t. Clemens ‘ . 1 -—Hoisteins, Howell Sales Company of 00‘: 8 Livingston County. \Vm. Griffin. spew. Howell. \l'I-“V If ‘ HOLSTEINS Fourteen agate line‘s to the column inch Address all letters. JERSEYS Jersey Breeders Attention! DO. YOU WANT A YOUNG BULL 0U Silver Medal Sire and B. O. M. Dam? Good-135mg individuals, priced to sell. Photos and prices on application. ‘ Samuel Odell, HIGHLAND FARM Adolph Heeg, Owner. Shelby, Mich. Farm Supt. REG. JERSEYS, POGIS 99th OF H. F. AND Majesty breeding. Young stock for sale. Herd fully accredited by State and Federal Government. Write or Vis1t for prices and description. GUY C. WILBUR, BELDING. Mich. YEARLING BULL BARGAIN—DAM A 25 LB. 'unior 4-year-old breedm‘bfi. Snje 32 igan ‘ amplon. Federally testedt. ‘ ‘ , ues . prlfileuggETLeL1 JONES, White Pigeon, Michigan. Pontiac Korndyke—King Segis lb. grandson of 35 lb. Mich- Cnlf well built, nlcely marked. Pedigree, photo and bargain 4 EXTRA FINE BULL CALVES—ALL BORN in January. From lmavyumlkmg ileum and mrcil lw “Romeo King Segis Pontiac Kormlyke. llerd T. B. Burgeyx prices to move quick. 7 ' l . Pedigrees roe. ’ “SrCtISAl-PIgEyR BROS., R. 4, Oxford, Michigan. SHORTHORNS i_ lInHlAiu sunning ’\‘ if 1‘ one red, low down, thick u I‘lllfl’léllseold, also one roan calf fifteen months old. A bargain if taken at once. Also a few young cows with calf at foot. C. H. Prescott & Sons Office at Her-C at Tawas City, Mich. Prescott, Mich. SHORTHORNS FROM THE 1 Me Commander, .J‘mln" Cham- piometh: rmnt nternational. how is the .time to buy. We have several oung cows and heifers, bred to this wonderful imlvl, for sale. 130, sev- eral bulls and heifers ohbreedlng age, from our other noted sire, l’erfectlon Heir 3rd. Visit or write us at once. ' s. H. PANGBORN and sons, Bad Axe, Michigan ', $7sGete Registered Shorthorn Heifer calf 5 weeks. out of good dam and we. . J. E YODER, Cenwviile, Michigan. onu WITHOUT ' HORNs 153:8:ng "915;" U. . Accredlted Herd No. 28945. Fgr description and price wnte, ' L. C. KELLY & SON, Plymouth. Michigan. IGH. SHORTHORN BREEDEBS’ 252.73g; fig ‘sale both milk and beef breeding, all file'syvrvllti’usn. Sec'y. Greenvllle. Mich. : SHORTHORNS: 5 YEARLING Hgi?ers,sA2I-Ecalves, 1 bull calf. selected for beef F rs vices. Hill-.3111: Prlmeer, R. 4 Harbor Beach. Mich. GUERN SEYS _._ —REGI$TERED GUERNSEY HEIF- ngtsrg-sgnabée prices, also choice bull calves of m . . ngflfioWe. W%M§N. Lansing. Mich., Box 52. Calves. Cheap. EYS—Registered _Buil . $52.53”. Best of breedmg for production and site. (3ng0 Damken. North Manchester, indiana. GUERNSEYS. A NEW CROP OF Harms-“3‘15; soon. No females for sale. Order calf A. ll. Sire and Dam. SMITH, Lake City, Michigan. " : MAY ROSE GUERNSEY BULL gale-n: onAl‘lovédjEt!()(.l 139252. Dam on A. R, ‘ Fed 1 ccr e er . refill-Malia? BROTHERS. Camden, Michigan. ‘igzznso ousnussvs—FEMALEs sun A R. :xroa e ire and Dam. . . R. ‘4300 West Fort at. Detroit. Michigan. ,, , ANGUS . ' vs some rm: vouuc auaus cutie nternationsl Grand Champion Stock at 1 prices. 5. iguana a. co.. Addison, HERE FORDS HEREFORDS Young Cows with calves b aide consisting of blood from Amer- icas foremost herds at rices that enable them under rli- ripe Hereford Beef Plan to pay for themselves within a year to 18 mos. Bulls including prize wmnterslat the lei-fad shows at . prac lea pnces. er s hes by Straight Edge 1169786, one of two sonsdfig l'erfect10n_ Fan-fax out of a daughter of the famous Disturber. T. F. B. SOTHAM & SONS , (Herefords since 1839) ’ Saint Clair, Mich. HER‘EFORDS FOR SALE. SEVEN CHOICE year-hugs and heifer ‘ calves and seven yearling bulls sued by Wyoming 9th. International Prize Winner. , Farmers tic-es. llerd .established in til.“ 33.2% It'll.mé‘fd‘s’ta..lvt‘l§.{?’£53.22: RIVEBVIEW HEREFORD 4.57:]. “it? few females. WM. C. DICKEN, Smyrné, Mich. BROWN S WISS FOR SALE: BROWN SWISS BULL, Months old. Carries the blood of Colage 1E: lira 2nd. FRANK POET, R. 6, Clare, Michigan. Registered Brown Swiss Cow For Sale. 8 . to'freshen May 10. S lendid milker. T. ll.’{eg€ég: Price $160. Dewey artley, Kalkaska, Michigan. . RED POLLED BED POLLED CATTLETfia $353222". 3211;? ROYSTAN STOCK FARM. Will Cottle, R. R 1. West Branch Michigan FOR 8ALE-—-OUR RED POLLED HER Cosy Ella huddle. and a few heifer? 53:3: PIERCE BRO’8.. Eaton Rapids. Mich. R.»1, ammnns FOR SALE—REGISTERED .AYRSHIRE bulls and bull calves. heifers and heifer calves. Also some choice cows. FENDLAY 85108.. R 5. Vlflll'. Mlch. [7? SWINE l), I‘NEWMAN'S 3T0. DUROCB THE BEST FALL DUROC_’PIGS IN MICHIGAN is at Mich: ans rm. Pavilion. They are sired by State air Winners-of Sensation and P flnder breedm . Sept. pigs tall and growth , weigh from 2 0 to 240 lbs” Oct. pigs 165 20 lbs. Priced to move in a hurry. MICHIGANA FARM, Pavilion, Michigan. PEACH HILL FARM otters choice weanling . Duroo pigs, either sex. Priced vet‘s reasonable. Write us. WO D BROS.. Romeo, Mich. HILL CREST-,DUROCS, PERRINTON MIOH We are breedln twently sows and eifih ilti to a son of GR ‘AT 0 ION SENSAT 0N, {ear- ling, spring and fall boars. NE ON ‘ BLANK, "m m' 0’ “Misht south of Gratiot co., man, . Middleton, O. 1. CA . O. LIC. BIG TYPE, ell—T8 FANNOWED MAY 15th.~ 22 weighing 300 lbs. Bred to Leigh glongter, an] ogistan ', boaré ’3'“? 130° been 116.1118 an s l in: . . . or . ears. “git rams, Mariette. Micfilgan. | u I 5‘ .. , : , t, '15th in Lenawee county. , WONDW SUCCESS“- NE of the most successful live- stock-sales of the-season was that of Alexander & Bodimer, at Vassar, on March 8th, where they sold 40 head of registered Chester White swine consisting of 36' bred gilts and one open gilt, two tried, sows and one yearling hear. The sale was held in a heated sale barn on the Alexander farm and the day was a fine one and there was a large crowd of buyers gathered from all parts of the state and other states as well, bidders being present from Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and Pennsyl- vania. The sale went with a bang right from the start and brought an average of nearly $62.00 per head. ’ No. 33 topped the scale going to Wilbur Jones of Reese, Mich., at $177.50. She was an open gilt sired by Alexander & Bodimer’s great herd hear “The Monster” -.nd from their champion sow “Long Beauty.” She is, certainly a splendid animal with great size for her ageuand as smooth as a ribbon. Besides Mr. Jones, Thomas Hile of Caro and the Detroit Creamery Co. Farms of Mt. Clemens were the opposing bidder. Detroit Creamery Co. Farms bought the tops of the bred gilts, Nos. 1 & 8, at $105 and $110 respectively. The whole offering was in splendid condition and at the prices paid should prove profitable investments for the buy- ers. Col. H. T. Walker of Montpel- ier, Ind., assisted by Cole. MacEl- downey of Caro and Atkins of Vassar sold the offering in a very able and pleasing manner. List of buyers follows: _ No. 1, Otto Neu, $50.00; No. 2,, Wm. Hall, Vassar, $62.50; No. 3, A1- bert Hall, Fairgrove, $50.00; No. 4, M. Culbert, Fairgrove, $47.50; No. 5, Claude Cole, Caro, $65.00; No. 6, Henry Lane, Fairgrove, $65.00; No. 7, Detroit Creamery 00., Mt. Clem- ens, $105.00; No. 8, Detroit Cream- ery 00., Mt. Clemens, $110.00; No. 9, Thomas Hile, Caro, $70.00; No. 10, Knox Youngs, Reese, 65.00; No; 11, .Clara_V. Dorman, Snover, $50.00; ‘No. 12, (boar) Thomas Hile, $75.00; No. 13, Crapo Farm, Swartz Creefi $45.00; No. 14, Roy Gardner, Fai M‘. grove, $45.00; No. 15, C. Sodolski,“ Bay 'City, $55.00; No. 16, Claude Cole, Caro; $47.50; No. 17, E. Hodges, Colemen, $52.50; No. 18, Roy Jackson, Caro, $55.00; No. 19, Norris Miller, Fairgrove, $50.00; No. 20, Robert Aherns, Fairgrove, $50:- “ 00; N0. 21, L. H. Ald, Reese, $62.50: No.22, O. Wriggelsworth, Howell, $65.00; No. 23, Mr. Vanderlip, La- peer, $52.50; No. 24, Wiley Kirk, Fairgrove, $62.50; N0..25, J. C. » Kirk, Fairgrove, $57.50; No. 26, R. Hamnet, $50.00; No. 27, Henry Rogner, Reese, $45.00; No. 28, Bruce Brown, Mayville, $55.00; No. 29, Lute Jones, Lapeer, $52.50; No. 30, Thomas Hile, Caro, $70.00; No. 31, John Howell, Ovid, $52.50; No. 32, Irvin Cross, Colling, $67.50; No. 33, Wilbur Jones, Reese, $177.50; No. 34, Findlay Bros., Vassar, $65.- 00; No. 35, S. E. Lawrence,. Britten, $62.50; No. 36, A. Gremmel, Sebe- waing, $40.00; No. 37, A. Davis, La- peer, $47.50; No. 38, J. Richards, Reese, $47.50; No. 39, N. J. Neal, Bay City, $52.50; No. 40, Crapo Farm, Swartz Creek, $50.00. SPRINGTIME FOR HOLSTEIN BREEDERS . PRING is a time of quickening life, and breeders of Holsteins in Michigan are acting springy. Five County Associations met within four days recently. The State Hol- stein field man, J. G. Hays, was call- ed upon to attend these gatherings and to explain the extension program of the National Holstein Association, and to indicate how the county units should organize to get results from the Extension Service. Monroe county started the fire- works with a meeting the 14th. The main interest in Monroe seems to lie along the lines ofCow Test Ass’n. work, Guy Doty, ,of Monroe, Was elected as Cow Test Ass’n. deputy. E. L. .Smith, of Adrian, president of the State Holstein Ass’n., was pres— ent~and talked State Holstein poli- cies‘to the breeders. _ . The second meeting took place the ' Lenawee has been actively organized for sev: eral ‘ years, boosting different .proé, mm man "whom. em" . _ _. , , ~~work held thecent'er , , , Earl Holmes of. Clayton a he county , jecgsl] it their, garlic", fie" stage calf—- club deputy. ‘ The night of the 15th found the ‘ Wastenaw county breeders gathered ‘ for 'a banquet at. the Huron Hotel at. Ypsilanti. .‘This was mainly a sociah 7 affair-with a little fancy dancing by - ' local talent to add to the good time. After-the feed a short business ses- sion was held in which 0. J. Fold-- kamp, of Saline, and Frank Geiger. of Rushton, were, selected to assist- Co. Agent Osler in pushing cow test work; and Jae. Sanderson was elect— ed to work with‘Club Leader Watts -in calf club work. The following daythe Livingston; county -assin. sta ed a. meeting. The - proportion of big class sires for the county held theimain attraction here. J. E. Williams; dairy supt. for the Detroit Creamery Co. farms at Mt. Clemens, gave a. talk regarding popu- lar blood lines of the day, and told of his travels searching for an out- standing sire. , , The week was ended with a meet- ing is Kent county. breed and the Holsteins’ milk occu—- pied the breeders' attention. Mem- bers pledged their support to County Agent Vining in a project to locate several of the large “Bill—boards” in the county at strategic points. AnOther sign of- “Spring” in the l Holstein business is the result of a couple of recent sales, on which prices showed a rising tendency. Musolff Bro's., of South Lyon held a. sale March 10th, dispersing a herd of 54 head owned by the brothers on one of their farms. In this sale ap- peared many record animals, includ- ing four 30 lb. cows. Most of the offerings xere either sired by or bred to King One Champion, King Peteh Segic Lyons, or Maplecrest Apr phcation Pontiac. These sires rep- resent good seven day and year- ly records. Two cows brought the figure $610.00, one, ‘Wabash Fancy 2nd, 3. showy five-year-old with 23.4 lbs. as a three year Old and 689.25 from 16,601.9 milk in 10 months; the other a 28.66 1b. four year-01d Johnna Korndyke Walker De K01, hefiidam a 1,000—1b. cow. The florid)”. H. T. Lewis at Elsie thm3th contained no large record stuff, except the herd sire, a- two- year-old from a. 1,000 lb. dam. He brought $300.00. However, .the cattle were of good individuality, and the herd was fully accredited. The milking cows averaged $204.00 the young stuff, - $137.00, and the calves $90.00. The sale was topped by Inka Can- ary De Kol Aoggie, a 6 year old row of great capacity, and quality. . She had no official recor'd, but had milk— ed over 100 lbs. a day on private test. She went to Colonel Shubel of Lans- ing for $540.00. ’ With cattle moving more freely, and at better prices in private and public sales and with breeders show- ing interest in. organization it is ap- parent that the Holstein business is looking up in our state—’3. G. Hays, State Holstein Fieldman. SGHAF'FER BROTHERS’ SALE UR first Annual Sale of Duroc- Jerseys was held March 13th, and thirty-seven head were dis— posed of at an average of $40.00. The‘top sale was $100.00 and several fine Gilts sold at from $60.00 to $65.00 and nearly all were taken bv neighborhood farmers from Oakland and Macomb.Counties and we‘ hope that next year we will be able to take in a larger territory. “Sensation ,Marsi,” our herd boar is coming along fine and his two lit- ters are real pigs, and we. are. now fitting him for County and S to shows. We also have somo'wery ne Sows, that we expect to show. Mr. Walter Rice, formerly of Vic— toria, Ill.,.is now in charge of our herd and his many friends will be glad. to know of his new location where he will be glad to hear from them.-——F. J. Schafier. , PRODUCING MILK, TO . vTI-IE CITY’ What are, the-state requirements SELL IN in‘ regard to the same in which cat- tle are housed 'from'lwhich the milk .« g is soldto people in a village? "How , ~much, light must be slimmed forgea'oh“ cow also is afipla‘nk fine" with“ f" (El) Advertising the ’ cooler is located? ' per cow is about the average. ’ .H. Broughton, _ Dairying. ,the following: .tonin, 1 dram Areca nut, not — 1:3 . milked. does there have to be a ce- ment floor in the milk room {where Do all milk uten- sils and bottles have to be steamed ‘Or can they be washed and kept clean’ with boiling water? What is the I _ name of the state milk inspector?— W. H., Marcellus, Mich. 4—This matter is not definitely cover- ed by any regulations which we have. “I . It is necessary under each individual case, to determine whether the milk is being produced preperly or not. , Definite requirements are, however, ' ’ insisted upon by City Departments. We do consider inspection work, es- pecially in places where city inspec- tion is not carried out. Barns in which cattle are kept should be reasonably tight so that dust, cobwebs, etc., are not prevalent in the stable. For a perfect score four square feet of light per cow is required. However, two square islet jection is made to the keeping of horses with cattle when the horse stable is immediately adjacent to the cow stable Many cities require a separate compartment for the cows. Manure should be carried at least 25 feet if possible from the cow stable, 'but no definite distance has been es- ' . tablished. A cement floor in milk rooms is practically requirr ' and if a cooler is used it should be located in a milk room free from dust; etc. Utensils may be either steamed or scalded. ,The inspecter who does .most of this work for us is Mr. E. J. Friar.—-——H. State Bureau of FEEDING VALUE OF SUDAN GRASS I_ would like to ask what you think of Sudan grass for feed for horses and cattle? When should I put it in and what kind“ of ground does it grow best on?———R. C. A., Harbor Springs. -——.Sudan grass has practically the same feeding value as timothy hay. It makes a fairly good emergency crop because the yield is good and the hay is secured the same season that the seed is sown. ' Sudan grass is best adapted 'to good corn soil. It should be sown about the middle of May at the rate of from twenty to twenty-five pounds of seed per acre. An ordinary grain _ drill set to sow two peeks of wheat will sow approximately twenty-five pounds of Sudan grass seed. In the southern tier of countiestwo crops may sometimes be secured in one sea- " son, while in the central" part of the state it is not likely that more than one crop willpbe secured.— C. R. Me- gee, Farm Crops, Dept., M. A. C. WRONG RATION I am writing you in regard to my pigs. These pigs are about three months old. They look good, their hair is slick and in good growing condition. One day last week when I fed them two of them came up to get their meal and just touching the trough they would squeal and fall over on their sides and back and they would lie there for a while be— fore they could get up, lingered along for two or three days and died. Af- ter these pigs died we opened them but could not find anything that looked wrong. These pigs have ground rye and corn together but mostly rye. The seven pigs weigh about fifty pounds each—O. M., Mancelonia, Michigan. ' ——The trouble you are having with you1 pigs may possibly be due to worms, although from the symptoms which you describe, I would sooner think that it is due to the ration which you are feeding. An excellent remedy for worms is 2.5 grains of san- .5 grains of calomel and 1 dram ofsodium bicarbonate, for a 50 pound pig, given after the pig has been off feed 24 hours. . When, purchased from a local druggist, this preparation is rather ‘ costly, but capsules or tablets con- L taining any of; these ingredients can _ be purchased trom any reliable drug » .Eouse and from most mail order houses. 7 ' protein or muscle growing material. Furthermore, when rye is fed, pains for these young pigs one—half of the ~ is also a cause. ‘side, bone. -ministration of potassium , examination of these cows and to de- ' than his ey getting. a snflicient amdunt or should be taken to see that it does not contain much ergot, which may be easily recognized as kernels af- fected with this disease are black in color, elongated and crescent 'shaped. Apparently rye is the cheapest _ feed which you have judging from ' the ‘fact that you are feeding it in large quantities. I would advise that ration in connection with rye should consists of wheat middlings and that for each 100 pounds of rye andpmid- ’ dlings, you feed about 6 pounds of digester‘tankage. If skim milk was available, the tankage would not be necessary". In addition, these pigs should have access- to some good mineral matter. We are» using the following with our hogs this winter: 30' pounds finely ground lime stone, 30 pounds percipitated'bone meal, 30 pounds salt. 10 pounds- sulphur. They should also be given access to clover or alfalfa hay.—George A. Brown, Professor of. Animal Hus- bandry, M. A. C. ‘ VETERINARY DEPARTMENT ' REMOVING , CORNS I have a horse that has corns on his front feet. What can be done to eradicate the corns?——-T. F. K., Germfa'st, Michigan. -—The causes of corns are bad leg di- rection, poor quality of hoofs, inju- dicious dressing of the hoof such as leaving the toe too long, excessive weakening of the sole, bars, frog and the quarter are common causes. Hollowing the sole and unnecessary thinning of the branches of the sole in the search for come is also a cause. Shortening one quarter too much in relation to the other so that the foot is unbalanced and the lower side is overloaded is a common Cause. Shoes not level on the hoof surface, too short in the branches, and shoes whose bearing surface does not com— pletely cover the hoof commonly . causes corns. Allowing shoes to be- come loose and shifted in position Dryness is very in- jurious to hoofs and very favorable to the production of come. Treat- ment consists in first removing the cause by restoring the proper form to the hoof by cutting down quarters , that are too high, shortening a toe which is too long. Deeply digging out an area of blood stained horn is injurious. It is much better to thin the entire branch of the sole uniformly. The proper shoe is the bar shoe with seme frog preséure unless the horse is suflering from The pressure should not be taken from the quarter walls un- less they are sore. The care of the hoof consists in keeping it moderate- ly moist and clean—John P. Hutton, A‘sso. Prof. of Surg. and Medicine, M. A. C. SERVICE OF VETERIN- ARIAN I have several cows I cannot get with calf, is there anything I can do? —A. V., Croswell, Mich. ——Failure to breed in most animals is due to disease of some part of the reproductive tract and is most effect- ively treated by local applications to the diseased part by one who has had some experience in treating diseases of the reproductive organs. The na- ture of this treatment is such that it cannot be applied by the layman. Some have recommended the oral ad- iodide. This can act only as a tonic and is of questionable value. If a local veter- inarian is available the best thing for you would be to have him" make an SECURE . termine if possible the exact nature of the trouble.———E. T. Hallman, éssoc. Prof. of Animal Path, M. A.‘ Farmers of the country buy 40 per cent of their food supplies, according to a survey of the United States 139- ~ partment of Agriculture. It is shown that about 9 per cent of the food consumed on farms can econom- ~ .. ‘Without Potash‘ ”I“ «I I If ' Without Potash I Potash for Swamp Land .-D roduced on and. on swamp lands. 42 \Broadway OES the corn grown on your swamp or muck land look like the large ear or like the small one? The small one shows the kind of corn potash hungry muck When 100 to 200 lbs. of German Muriate of Potas to 800 lbs. of German Kainit, are broadcasted on potash hungry muck, full yields of sound corn are produced. For onions, on such lands, 100 to 200 lbs. per acre of German Sulfate of Potash is the right amount to produce full yields of sound omens that ripen normally and keep well. With potatoes and truck crops, like results are obtained. Even at war prices potash gave a good profit Today it is the cheapest plant food. Genuine German Potash will help you reduce the cost of production, and greatly improve the quantity and quality of your crops. There is plenty of it if you will take the trouble to insist on having it. SOIL & CROP SERVICE, POTASH SYNDICATE H. A. HUSTON, Manager POTASH PAYS er acre , or 400 New York ically be pgoduced locally, rather in from, distant jl BATTERIES direct Irrom Iactmy and Sch evou IIorlspIaIfIss /Vdryem15/ 12 VOLT 7PIele$ 20°—° 017/ Usremééx ively flafi‘ery cam'er a fine year ammo/ea WHEN ORDERING GIVE MAKE or CAR AND YEAR MADE. A‘s».° DEPosn‘Mustccom- PANY ALI. ORDERs.- , ALL BATTERIES SI'IIPPED EXPRESS c.o.D. SUBJECT To INSPECTION A $129 DISCOUNT WILL 31: AI.- LOWED IF THIS ADVERTISEMENT Is RETURNED WITH ORDER. Slb‘reqe Bella)! Service Co. 643; E. JEFFERSON AVE. DETR 1‘an What Would YOU Like to Study? We Teach You and Give You A YEAR TO PAY Expert Instructors, Lowest Tuition Rates. New Methods. Texts 11ml first lessons of any course on approval. You pay postman only ONE DOLLAR and postage, balance as you \IislI. (‘01111105 in Advertising, Journalism, Photogmphic Journalism, ledtral Tux Auouutiug, Salcsnmnship, Ofilco ’ Management, Business AdIuinierIItiou. Postal will brmg either COIITSL—T—T)(Illr first (‘. O. D, payment $1.0 and meta” e, retuInIhle if not satisfied. ALHAMORE- INST IT UT Dept E, Lafayette Building, Philadelphla, Pa. REGISTERED 0. l. C. ABRED GILTS FOR sale. Weighing -50 lbs. fe\ fa. 11 ans. J. R. VAN ETTENA Cllfford, MIch. CHEST ER \VHITES CHESTER WHITES All sold out of bred sows, but will sell herd boar No. 107095 fur. Nov 1, 1921 Assure with litters. Price $50. Also booking orders for Ma . let. lloar pigs for Apr. delivery. Will ship .. O WILBUR JONES. Reese, Michigan HAMI’SHIRES HAMPSHIREHPRING BOARS AND BRED gills from 2 5 sows to select from. Place your order now or you may be to late. 10th JOHN W. SNYDER. R. 4. St. Johns. lch. REGISTERED HAMPSHIRES, BRED sows and (Jilts, fall pi both sex. leading blood lines. Priced to se ell Inspection invited. CLARENCE L. CAMPBELL, Par-ma. Mlchlgan HORSES FOR SALE AT A BARGAIN. A BLA ACK Percheron Marc and her coming 3 year- -old fll ill make a well matched pair. Both registere A L. SCHMIDT a. SON, R. 3. Reed City, Mich. FOR SALE: OUR ENTIRE STABLE EQUIP. ment. Six horses, harness, wagons, feed grmder ~ . We are motorizmg all our routes an , have no further need for horses. Look on: stable over and make us an of! nythjn‘ you ma need FEDERAL LABUNIJORYa 00"- N PANY, Third and Elizabeth Sts. ., Detro , FOR 3411,12, av wm. MANKElY‘iwt. 31. JOHN, I. ” in;r orders for no t Angus ~ DAN 1 Belgian stallion, 5 years 01900; 5 ' heavy young work horses, wt. 15 5- 1700 ~~ :1 ; SHEEP' ALL SOLD OUT FOR THIS WINTER. soon. so HER, Elm. MIchIguI. ' ' WANTED 130 any“ 100 assume Ew ”a. “mo FROM STREAM I have a small stream dammedand have it fixed so I could shut it off un-, til I-would have water enough that I think would give me lots of power. I want to put in an electri'c light . ; plant which would supply me with twenty—five or thirty lights. Also want to have it fixed so _I could get power that would equal a six or eight horse power gasoline engine. I would like to have all the informa~ tion I could get along this line—A. F. L., Curran, Mich. ——I may say that before the amount of power 'which is available from the stream can be determined it is necessary to know something of the flow. ' If the stream is now flowing it is possible to measure its flow approxi- mately by taking the average cross section of the stream and multiply this by the distance which it flows in a minute and the result by 8-10. For example, a stream 2 feet deep 6 feet wide flowing 100 feet per minute will discharge 1200x.8 or 960 cubic feet of water the volume of water multi- plied by the fall which can be secur- ed, say 5 feet, given in the example would be equal to 4800 cubic feet or since water weighs 62.5 lbs. per cub- ic foot the result would be 300,000 foot pounds per minute. Divide this by one horse power or 33,00 foot lbs, which would give a trifle more than 9 horse pOWer. This amount of power would be the total or the theoretical amount in the stream. There would be, of course, consider- able loss in any kind of wheel or turbin developing this ,power, and al- so there would be some loss in stor— age batteries, if these were used, so in a rough way it would not be safe to figure more than 50% of this amount or 4 1/2 h. p. for available use. i m , A11 for ~ Postage prepaid. Do ' not delay—clip and mail this coupon to- day ,and take advan- tage of our special in- troductory offer. Toledo, Ohio 4‘: A 3101’ N '1‘ OF P0 \VE R AVAILABLE ' :CH‘ 90 Cents ~ Toledo Weekly Blade "A, N 15C ‘ If the flow of the stream was not sufficient to produce power contin- ually it might be dammed and the flow used for a part of the day or during the time that lights .or power is wanted. With this arrangement the storage of power consists in stor- ing it in the stream rather than storage batteries, this scheme would not be very advantageous, if the pow- er was located at a great distance from the house or source wanted. Perhaps if the head of water did not exceed 6 or 7 feet the turbin would be the most satisfactory and efficient unit for developing poWer. The smallest turbin requires about 350 cubic feet of water per minute and a minumum fall of‘not less than about 4 or 5 feet. If the fall is more than 6 or 7 feet perhaps the water wheel would be satisfactory and less ex— pensive to install.—J. H. Mussel- gian, Prof. of Farm Mechanics, M. A. 'TINNING SOLDERING IRON Can you tell me exactly through your valuable paper how to tin a soldering iron?——J. W., Walkerville, Mich. —-The following instruction should be closely observed. General Soldering Instructions A flux is any cleansing material Which will remove grease from and prevent the formation of oxides on .materials to be soldered. For bright tin or lead, rosin or tallow may be used as a flux. For rusty materials, iron, brass or cop- per, a zinc chloride flux is best. This can be prepared by putting a few chips of zinc into hydrochloric acid, gradually adding more until the bub- bling has stopped allowing an excess of zinc to remain. The hydrogen gas coming off is explosive and should be kept away from flames. Galvan- today. All the essential news of the day is boiled down for quick informative reading. The Weekly Blade prints the very latest Agricultural news and other matters of in- terest to the farmer. I cleaned ' vii The Toledo Weekly Blade “America’s Home and Farm Newspaper” A Household page for the housewife and daughters, a children’s department, the ln- ternational Sunday School les- son and an intensely interest- ing serial story. . There is nothing just like it in America ,zfeanr‘oa, 1" JILD _ g ic "acid before being "soldered. Salamoniac is a. white crystalline ” substance which is‘used for tinning soldering bits. ' . . . A lap or flat seam is one in which .the plat-es simply lap over each other for about one-quarter inch and are soldered in place in this manner. This is not'a Very strong joint and should be used only with very thin material and for light work. . A loc‘k seam is made by doubling over an edge of each sheet hooking the two together and pounding them shut. This makes a strong after it is soldered. A bead seam is only used for joining very thick pieces of metal and is made by.beveling the edges down to about an angle of 60 de- grees each thus leaving a space of about 60 degrees to be filled with solder when the two edgeskare butted together, . A cup join- is used for soldering together lead pipes or light tubing. It is made by spreading the'end of one pipe into a cup or funnel shape and shaving down the other to lit into it. An overcast joint is used for sold- ering lead pipe to short nipples or couplings. It is made b" spreading the pipe to fit over the nipple and then soldering a sort of a lump right over the joint. Soft; Soldering and {Pinning All the common metals become oxidized when exposed to the air especially when they are slightly heated. As solder will not adhere to a surface that is ever so slightly oxidized it is necessary to apply somthing to the surfaces to be soldered which will guard against this oxidation. ‘ ' The object in tinning is to coat the metals to be slodered with tin or solder to prevent this oxidation. ‘ In order to transmit the heat rapid- ly from the soldering bit to the work Special Introdado‘ry Offer . For a Limited Time Only ' The Toledo Weekly Blade One Year and This New School and Office Webster Dictionary Self -Pronouncing All for 90 - Cents This Dictionary; should be in every home. Handy and convenient in size; with flexible leatherette binding. Contains the latest and newest words that have come into common use as a result of the marvelous advance in every direction by the English speaking peoples of The Toledo Weekly Blade, Toledo, Ohio. special. offer. o Enclosed herewith ,90c for which please send me The Toledo‘Weekly Blade one year and the New School and Office Webster Dictionary, postage prepaid, as per your. Name ICOOOIIOIIIIIOUJCIOOIOIOOIIIOI Bostof‘ice. countess-sc-oncogene-sono- Coupon A a ..B. F. D-ocoQIOO. Statenuuna.” \- 1"“ ‘cdmes evenly heated.- ' joint . into use. , . _- ' Tinning» copper bit . The bit should be placed squarely into the flame or' fire 80 that it! be: When it'is hot enough to melt solder rapidly, (not redhot) file the bit bright on ' two adjacent sides to a distance of , about 11A, inches from the point. Do this rapidly so that the bit'does- not become too cold. Next rub these sides on a bar .of‘salamoniac tare- * duce the oxide which has already formed. Then pick up'your' solder and melt a few drops of it on‘ to‘, the salamoniac, rubbing the bit onthe twotogether at the same time.‘ You will now notice thatvthe two filed sides have a bright coating of'solder on them which enables the bit to pick up globules of solder. If at any time the bit becomes red hot the tinning will burn off and it will be necessary to retin it. Care shduld be taken therefore not to Overheat the bit. ' _' Tinning Materials to be Soldered Bright tin, copper, brass, zinc-and lead need not be tinned , before soldering, but sheet iron and rusted metal should be carefully tinned so as to insure a'strong joint. All paint, rust or soot should be remov— ed by scraping, filing or sandpaper- ing. Now apply zinc cloride=f1ux freely, after which rub the bright- ened surface well with the hot bit at the same time applying the sold- er. It may be necessary to .apply flux and solder several times “before the article is properly tinned». The article is now ready to be soldered, just like bright tin, which is as fol— lows: If the pieces which are to be joined are liable to beshifted or pulled apart it will first bezneces— sary to “tack” them together. This is done by applying a few drops of solder at several places on the work. It will now be necessary tonnknow only a few'general principles, to do good soldering. , , (1) First of all have your work well fluxed but do not .flux too large an area at a time. .; (2) Have your bit welliftinned and hot. If you solder with a bit . that is not much hotter than the fusing point of solder you will not be able to get the solder to flow into the joint but will simply cover it with a thin film. This is calledzskin‘ soldering and should be avoided be- cause it makes a weak joint. (3) Do not try to solderrwith the point of the bit, but use asvmuch of the flat tinned surface as possible. (4) If possible hold you-r work in such a position that thesolder will flow in place by gravity, it Only being necessary to follow with the bit so as to keep the work hot. ' (5) Do not run the bit'Iover a place that has once been soldered as this only tends to make ro'u’gh asp— pearing work. *3 . (6) Never put your bit down on iron or stone asvthis rapidlisr ’With— draws the heat 'and wastesi’time. Put it back into the fire at every opportunity. " (7) When soldering heavy or thick articles, (say a pipe to an iron tank) it will be necessary to‘ heat the work to nearly the melting point of solder. ‘ (8) To solder a flat or lap seam ’ it is best t3 first tin one of the edges to be joined and then lay the"other edge on top of it. Solder should then be run right over the outside of the lap. ‘ , (9) In a lock seam care must be taken to have the solder run well into the seam. (10) When using a bit-to pick up solder 'do not take .it directly from the bar of solder because this tends to heat up the entire bar and leaves the bit co'ld. Instead of this melt a few globules fromihev bar and pick these'u'p as they are needed. (11) Leaks in washboilers and pails, etc., should be' soldered from the inside—E. C. Sauve, As’s’t Prof. of FarmMechanics. ‘ A thousand pounds of hens need 8,278 cubic feet of air a day,r.while'v a thousand paunds of horse uses 'up only 3,401 cu. ft. of air a swamp ,r as .t 5 F... r’waw r171 1v \y 1 1 l 1 "than, used to raise “soft roasters" on EXPENSE 1N BEARING YOUNG CHICKS - HE embrayo chick finds all its parts in the white of the egg; the yoke is only its starting place and the last thing it does before breaking the shell is to surround the yolk, which becomes its food for the next three days, or longer it needs be. That is one of the reasons why the best time to ship away young chicks is Within 24 hours after they are hatched. The chick’s first great need is to be kept warm. In a state of nagire the hen remains on her stolen nest unless drivel. off by hung- er long after. all the chicks have been hatched, and when one after another the chicks have come out from under her, picking at bright little pebbles and swallowing them for the mill- stones which are to grind their food, the hen calls them back under her, but the next time they stray further away, and then she goes with them to scratch and hunt for their food. From which we can learn that it is notvnecessary to feed little chicks the first 24 hours, and als0 that they should haVe fine grit to pick at when they are first fed food that needs any grinding; and there is not much fed to a chick that does not need grind- in'g. If we, when eating, get a piece of stone between our teeth it sends a thrill of repulsion through us; but’ that sensation which is so unpleas~ ant to us is delightful to a chick. Using clean sharp sand in a hrooder, I have had chicks fill themselves full, crop and intestines, with the sand, probably because it felt good going down their little throats. Careful Feeding It is very unwise to overfeed young chicks; a little and often should be the rule. About three-hour inter— vals are considered right for a hu— man baby, and like intervals during the first week would not be far wrong for young chicks. It is far better for them to be a little under- fed than to be cloyed. After they are a week old a dry mash can be kept where they can help themselves. They will not overeat of that, for the reason that they cannot furnish sa- liva enough to moisten more than two or three mouthfuls, and dry they cannot swallow it. They also need some cracked grain, for that little grist mill, the Igizzard, needs to work —--wants a job. Water they must have, but so arranged that the chick cannot get in it. A very cheap drinking fountain is made by taking a quart tomato can, denting in the sides at the top, filling with water putting on the cover, then turning it bottom up. The chick can stick its beak into the cover where the indent— ’ ations are, but cannot get in itself. The same thing answers for milk, if it is in liquid form. When it thick- ens a shallow tin pan with wire net- ting fastened over it answers very well. Moisture needed Chicks will thrive very well ap~ parently for the first two or three weeks on a floor, whether covered with dry earth or not, but soon after that there will be trouble. They need moisture, dampness — They must wet their feet. But they must have dry quarters to sleep in at night. I have seen little chicks with their legs just skin and bone dried down for lack of moisture. I had to learn that by experience. My chicks had grown very well in the brooder house, but they gradually stopped growing, feathers stuck out rough, did not lie smooth *and close to the body, some of them died; there was an outside run they could go out— doors when they pleased, but they did not go out much. It was in April, rainy, the top of the ground an inch of mud. I took one of the brooders and the chic s and put them out in that mud. I a week no one would have thought them the same chicks; not another chick died, their feathers smoothed down, they began to grow again. and I had learned something. Contact with Mother Earth is what they must have. President Smith, of the Massachusetts Poultry Associa- «he so ‘th shore below Boston. Hatch- 11111111111 \chicks were due to hatch. “heat the panting hen has no shade or fall, as soon as large enough .to do without artificial heat they were put out in little colony houses, and the snow' swept away, day by day, to let them on the bare ground, even though it was frozen. Experience With Turkeys That Subject of moisture needs in- vestigation. We have always heard that young turkeys must be kept in until the dew was off the grass; they must not get wet. My neighbor, Mr. George V. Smith, editor of New Eng— land Farms, raised, or hatched some turkeys. For an experiment he let them run with the mother turkey wherever they pleased. I think there were nine of the young poults. Out in the dewy morning grass, out in thunder— storms, their umbrella the mother’s wings, every night the nine came home. They found nearly all their food; a little was fed at night to induce them to come home. Week after week the nine were all there. Then a fox came into the game; and one by one they disappeared. I think he managed to save three of them. Living Food . While chicks were still in the brooder house I have carried in a pailful of damp earth and dumped it in the little yard by the brooder, then mixed their cracked grain with dirt, so they would have to scratch for it, and if they found an occasional worm in the dirt then there was“rac- ing and chasing o’er Canoby lea.” That matter of taste. I have thrown a piece of worm down in front of a chick, and the chick would stand and! look at the squirming thing, but if it ventured to take it in its beak then hesitation vanished instantly and it ran to make sure of having that de- licious mors-el all to itself, and never again would there be any hesitation when a worm was offered. It’s a living food, and no kind of dead food equals it. I have not mentioned green food for chicks, but sprouted oats, lettuce or any tender green stuff it very good for them; almost essent- ial to thrifty growth. Brooding During my last few years on the farm I did not use artificial brooders, using hens only for that purpose. I had 40 little A houses, 20 in a row, with 20 chicks to a hen. As they were all white chicks there was never any difficulty about hens refusing the chicks. I kept White Wyandottes and White Leghorns. Occasionally a Leghorn would sit long enough to hatch chicks, and when they do they make fine mothers; far less likely to tramp on their chicks than the larger breeds. I made a long pen in front of the row of 20 coops, dividing it in— to little pens, one for each coop, the pens being about six by five feet this prevented the chicks from get— ting out of the mother’s sight, or too to run for cover when the mother's Skyward—looking eye descried a hawk. Sprouted Oats The green food problem was solv- ed by covering the ground in these little pens with oats and spading them in about a week before the The hen soon taught the chicks what those green sprouts were for. They would dig up anr‘ eat the whole thing, the green sprout, the oat and the long white rootlets, and when they were getting scarce more oats were spad— ed. When the chicks got large enough to fly over the 14—inch boards forming the pens, the pens were tak- en away and the chicks left to run wherever they pleased. The Bow of Coops Those rows of 20 coops were set facing the east. Why? Because it's cool early in the morning. The chick is out with the first streak of dawn, and the morning sun, rising far to the north of east, soon strikes direct- ly into his little house, and he gets the sun's heat when he need’s it. Take a row of coops facing the south; the morning sun strikes the back of those coops, the chick is in the shade, and not until 10 o’clock or after does the sun strike the front of these houses and in the midday H1311 Pro ducnié 33333333asiby11111s 300- egg birds, but a high flock average egg production—that s where you make your profit. Hatched in the largest and finest Hatchery In Michigan, by ~ those who know how. Bargain prices If you order now. We can also save you money on Brown Leghorns Anconus Barred Rocks, Rhode Island Reds and White Wyandottes. Satisfaction guaranteed or your money back. Handsome, complete catalog free for the aeklng. ert‘o for It today. 1 1111115, Remus Iceland, 11111., 11.8.11. m a: Attractive Chick Investments FROM SELECT PURE-BRED FLOCKS' ' WHITE and BROWN LEGHORNS, ANCONAS, 50, $1.50; 100, $14: 500, $65. BARRED ROCKS, REDS and MINORCAS, 50, $8.50: 1(10, $16.50; 500, $15. Dlscount on orders of1,000 or more. From extra select flocks $2 per 100 higher. Postpaid to your door. Full live count guaranteed Bank reference. Free Catalog We know it will be to your advantage to get our catalog and full price list before making a final decision regauling your investment in Chicks this season. Send for it TODAY. COLONIAL POULTRY FARMU Box B, Zeeland, Mlchlgan BABY CHICK 33:33.3 $11 per 100 and Up FROM HOGAN TESTED, FREE RANGE HEAVY AsLAYINY FLOCKS. ALL VARIETIES. WHITE, BROWN and BUFF LEGHORNS and ANCO 1 BARRED ROCKS and I. REDS WHITE WYANDOTTES, RWHITE ROCTOKS, BUFF ROCKS ...................... BLACK MINORCAS, BUFF ORPING N..S All lots Toof 500 or more discounted EXTRA SELECTED FLOCKS“ . ....$2 00 per 100 higher. Large Prlce LIst for return mail Postpaid full h've delivery guaranteed. Hatched b the most modem method of incubation from good, vigorous, pure bred varieties carefully selected an safely mckcd. No catalogue. Order light from this ad and save time and disappointment ReferenCe Chesanlng State Bank or any business in Chesaning. Address BABION'S FRUIT AND POULTRY FARM, Guy L. Bablon, Prop” Chesanlng, Mlch. BABY CHICKS W l1 min selmted, heavy lgyin vigorous he 13 Whlte and Brown Leghorns, Anconas ,5,50 $6 ; , 13, S62 .50 Barred Rocks, 5,0 $8 50: 100, $16; 500, $15 Extra Select, $2 per 1°00 hlgher. Mixed chicks, 50, $5. 50; 100, $10; 500, $50. Well hatched in lllilutfl‘ll machines. Carefully and coriectly packed and shipped. Postpaid full live arrival guamnteed. Bank 1eference and this guarantee makes you perfectly safe in ordering di1ect from this ad NOW. Get them when you “ant them. All orders have our careful personal attention WE \I'AN’I‘ YOUR BUSINESS. Catalog Free. WINSTROM FARM 1! HATCHERIES, Box H 5, Iceland, Mlchlgan STOP! LOOK! READ! GUARANTEED BABY CHICKS From WORLD’S GREATEST LAYERS and LAYING CONTEST WINNERS. TOM BARRON ENG- LIS SH 8. 0. WHITE LEGHORNS. Imported stock. SHEPPARD'S FAMOUS ANCONAS. Direct. If we could show you our F-lmks and have you talk 111th 11111 CUSTOMERS you Would (II'1IPI‘ IMMED DIEAT LY. (lurFLOCKS inc all CULLED BY EXPERTS 11nd headul with VIGOROUS PEDIGREED MALES of from 250 to 280 EGG STRAIN. 0111 CHICKS become “unduful LAYERS You want EGGS? GET our CHICK S. Write to- day for our free illustmted CATALOG. SILVER WARD HATCHERY, Box 420, Zeeland, Michigan. (Continued on Page 26) Egg-Bred Baby Chicks ENGLISH WHITE LEGHORNS, BROWN LEGHORNS.11 years of breeding fur egg production. Highest quality chicks from tested layers. Satisfactlon guar- anteed. 100 chicks $12 50 500, $ 0.00. From Extra selected matings $2. 00 war 100 hlgher. Postpaid..1000/,, cellvery guaranteed. Order now Bank refer- ewe Catalog free. ROYAL HATCHERY & FARMS. R. 2, Iceland, Mlch. 8. P. Wlersma, Prop. HILLVIEW HATC HE RY GUARANTEED TO ARRIVE Strong' and EHealthy. Chicks from selected heavy laying, Hogan tested flocks ENGLISH WHITE ORNS and BROWN LEGHOR Ns. Heavy Laylng EXTRA GOOD BARRED I-RO OCKS. Postpaid to your door and full live deliv1ry guaranteed. Our decks are kept on free range. propeily fed and cared for insuring the vigor necessary in the Chicks to live and MAK EA PROFIT. Give us a trial and you will come again. HILLVIEW HATCHERY, Route 12 E, Holland, Michigan. HIGHEST QUALITY CHICKS Michigan' 3 Old Reliable Hatchery (The most modern and best equipped Hatchery m the state) PURE BHE E9" hell and American S. O. E Leghorns; S. G. ..... —-' Anconas; Barred Ply R0 cks and R. I. R.eds Stronl well hatched chicks from tested Hoganized B Free range stock that make wonderful f O. U The most regressiveflatchery m the country I wlnter layers. Chlcks sent by Insured Parcel Post Prepaid lto §UuliFIfItIlur 1000/“ tlive 111-11111y guaran- . . . . ee 1 can years 0 experience in ro- A 60% guarantee ofsex, givmg a majority Of (1111165 and shipping chicks has given pad- either cockerel or pullet chicks, as ordered, inusmfalisffigon catIaigéoufifiIm mute 11ml.r plus unsurpmédguuillllity m high egg bred ‘Get lowest prlce on best quallty pchicaks hie chicks, bespeaks ' 'ty Hatchery 61. Farm: "’3 5'0“ su theea' E 'onofits mers. Holland Hatchery, R. 1, Holland, Mlch. Grade AAA flocks are sired' by pedigreed males, sworn records from 250287. Grade CofevlLEalllgn§ ‘ ' s . s, SHE 3A]? Grade, Almfwd and sawed 51333193113 and BARRED RocKs'. E11593? CHICKS FROM SELECTED STOCK . rLeghorn flocks are headed b large vigorous Delivery due guaranteed—100$ live delivery (unnamed-— A. 60% sex guanmeed—Sutiaiaclioo (unnamed. ul from M. 0.; Anconas mm 8119mm" I21‘81tieahens. Buy from an old reliabli‘ poultryh farm and you will the proud to own a tie a 'l‘hoUu’li Hatcheryll’anmis vingmy $5,000wonhl ring SiockinAZuz-n‘ IIConteeL ‘Inlorrmliononoomestuzl amine hem tdwliiu b so“ a big pro t. We upon receipt 0! c 8. G White Leghorn order. 0011' t delay. a??? 23:21,, 6 very m prepay Shipments. V 0.1 mm now. 0.4.. «one. ' 111311101100 1??? POULTRY FARM no - ‘ Term: cult. (except on advance orders. 25% down, remainder HA'I'CHERYE "Box R, Byron Center, "jam onovveekbe ORDER FROM Lech . T , , THESE PRICES QUALITY 3:333. Rocks ‘73. DE“ E83 , , _ , Gii‘XLW. CHICKS $333.12” ‘2’ "331$ FARM-8, ‘ and. AA 15. experience. Nle‘w sill-“1331.130 01:3 a l . ' * 0"“. OHIWIEKR—BRrEDS-m Ammhftggfid if)? Folder and HATGHEBY ,‘ pm. on g imififlg: prices. BIO BEAVER, BIRMINGHAM. "lam;- . . [Whisks—...”. KNIGHT STRAIN WHITE PLYMOUT ROCK 1.3.11 -... igniwws seamstrew... maker" sanding wood Imported White-Leghorns. World's champion layers. Not iust a few : ‘.‘ are well ALO'G FREE. Write elsewhere. YOU NEE these Reference, TONS 3, WM. and SIL. WY RED . 100, $13. MIXED ALL CHICKS—.1... Strain) , ROCKS, REDS. BUFF LE delivery guaranteed. All flocks com once for the st 20 hard to Dense you.ee()1 ' Prue, Proprietor, Route 1 H. Bufl Orplngtons, White flveil-{Armand White, Brown and BuII’ 82‘2“ i~ h on them "’ ‘1YREIY-1sql-‘ATWE HATCHERIEogfe I -la ing usiities and wellca wavy Ey BRSWN and $120.E1IVH|TE and BARR Eo ROSE and 5. RE 111 e count guaranteed. ”SUNBEAM HA The Chicks that godernly equip . trains, careIully set ccted 11nd of btst neavy laying“? fed. This enables me to product? 1‘ me from (1158830 and plr‘ill)()l)IT to my customesrza PRlc housed 11.1111 handled. rowth (_‘i1i(ks wili ruan “ oivn no I wl1ic1 LEGHORNS, 50, BUFF S, . AND s. C SE12. 5%. WHITE AND0 BUFF IALS, 0, L. L. .b'WYANDéO TTLS v r e 1 pos gildkelyefcieiipra Catalog 1“ rev H. B Rosewood Farm Healthy, Hardy Chicks Well— hatched, carefully packed. el,ect heavy 111)— 165 500. full live delivery guarantiéed. Our ch W111 render you the best of satisfaction and you will COME BACK TO US. We have had long experience in producing good Chicks and our flocks are second to none. Circular. free. ROSEWOOD FARM. R 12 A, Holland. Mich. From Select, Hogan Tested. Flocks on Free Range. Well: fed and 1111111 to 111811 nsuro strong, vigorous chicks. Heavy Layers. PRICES: WHITE and BROWN LE3- HORNS and ANCONAS. 50 $7. 50: 100, :14; 500.365. BA ARRED OC 8, “$8 50; 100.518' 500, $75. iiavrhml right and shipped right. Postpaid. 10007 live delivery guar- ante teed. Bank ’efersnce. Order direct from this ad. Circular free. IORST A ROEK, Box P. loeland, Mich. WAN" GHIcKs "scanty" PERAY‘IIlIGAul-IDEAVPV LAYING RT P FaerofxueilEIoIr-illfid ran go. Well- hatched. Sturd. CHICKS In the W'OIII'oEw'nLgEG varieties: 10 E H n "3"“ GHORNS, so % Order NOW and from th1s deflverym guaranteed. Profl t- werp disa pointed last year. :bloa Catalog FREE. Bank Reference. W POULTRY FARM I LAKEWE Holland, Michigan. Route 8. BOX 3: Eood Chicks, Low Prices, w. LEGHORNS, "nun P132113" .TV'TEnfio's. Pedigreed 01.1.1. 1..., flue h ' mated with A. G. cockcuis bred from , 200 to 300 oz: bcMns. 0111' Utility grade Chicks igroduced pullets laying at 4 montl1s,.20 days 4 1: our instructive catalog, low prices, and spec- is? discount before you order. MICHIGAN HATGHERY a POULTRY FARMS. - Box A. Holland, Michigan. bum 31131 11111011 5.1.0- Elm , tobeghorn Baby Chicks Write for cal- ka‘ Poultry ,Farm, Holland. Mich. "—omoLE coma our:f LEOHORIB 9511‘ Strong heal chicks from cod LEGflogNsmd ”BROWN MeztoEGHORNB'M AND, SHEPPAidmnD ANOONNE towers. EPQSTPAID. FULL DELIVERY our exact wants and visorous. northern bred chicksto ts. CITY LIMITS HATOHERY, Box M, Holland. Mich. k fullnve dellvo mar-an Selected Hogan Tested Fine 3 ND %E S 050 $91 18' ROCKS, 8. and R. S, MINOR HEAVY BROILER S 50, ”‘1'“..25 100 E631 10% off. Ready February 26th.ET Free HOLGATE ”HATCHERY, Box B, HoIgate, Ohio. —ENGLISH WHITE LEGHORNS, BROWN LEGHORNS (Holland Importa- 50, NEVIS 100d Flooks) WHITE WVANDOTTES (Heavy Layiflid Bel Bin ye are this advertisement and get than $112ngqu Baht the Bank Reference. oHolland. Mich. BABY CHICKS 310.50 PER 100 AND up F Barred and White Rocks, Rods, Angina, Minorcas: 50. 38- 0* Pom Hogan tested, mil-kept and housed hea olaylg ’flo1:k £05000 3,25% 00 ........... ; 00 7 8: .......... 50. $1. 90; 100,1J14 "€00, 32.165112 $10 PER 103 AND UP. From vigorous. red for w BUFF LEGHORNS, 50, ROCKS, W . os, AIIICON$A186 60, e for broiers, Mixed, all varietl 5 You can order now “ant them. Bank reference. Free cat t.alog BLUFFTON HATCHERY, Box L, Bluffton, Ohlo ll are reduced under my personal supervision d Iliafreihery “1113111 is kept in best possible condition. 7 . no ANbONAs so, ss-1oo, $15;Nsoo. ROCFIkES?Sw’.-‘HTE WVANDdTTEs, AND' 3. MI NOR- $16' 500, 1750. WHITE AND BUFF ORPINGa'onIs. 0519'1'30 $18; 500 581.5110. IIguarsntee 1161111113 1 . 1 nd I will s 11') Wish you wan {'eto your SMI‘FipginnthorilE, Flndiay,Ohlo. Member-I. B. c. A. Day Old Chicks “ J. W. W!” ER; Bath, h‘. ,'* ”E- b m ' "I ‘11“: v r ”in;r chick- I A ANTEED. Ld T‘PRICEC CAT- us quote you prices before pyfi’m buy chicks Holland City Sluts Bank. . 51o. wu. FF LEom‘iRRs 1- «fling? 0nA50 0. 5:11. «11- f, 111103. Member-I. 1,000 , 5120. BARRED - o 560. 3112.“ ..50 1. 90 .111?“ 11“; .38?! ”153%: $652.: ualness HOXIVEAIIDOMI wmt vyBROOK FARM. Hem-y Do lumber mchlgan B. C. A. ...................... 11.nteed Order NOW from tbs ad. °”and get. them at once, 4 nka. ALSO EGGS o“FOB” HATCBING. R "mm” Ohio e- ed flocks on free range, selected for ebprloes considering5 oeoxceptionsl tulity. $1; 100 $13; $6.25%;1000, HITE wvnuooh'Es BEUFF ORPI ar’ons. $8; 100, $15 $72 .;50 1,000, $140. per 100 straight. I‘osatpzndto your door and full direct from this ad and get them when you TCHERY a good. The parent stock kept on free range, well- $13; 00 $62. 50. 400, 000 Chicks Big, Well— hatched (.“III(I(EI from selected to My stock on free range pmperly fed and housed to insum has” 11 and viugor. TE, BROWN 5 BU FF ORN O, $7' 21 3; 1500, 562i 5%- R DS &. strong, $8.50; . O. SILVER WYAN- ”350; 100, $18; 500. We guarantee full 100% live arrival. Reference, Citizen’s Bank. Order direct from this ad. and save time. Free circular. MODERN HATCHERV $87. 50. POSTP Box F. Mt. Blanchard, Ohio 289 Eggs in one year, actual trap- nest record "LADY MII‘ HI- GA also made record of 283 eggs in one year. She laid 294 eggs in 381 consecutive days. 51113 and daughters of “LADY ‘iIlC IIIGAN” are now in use in our 1111111111.": {or 1.923. If vou want Barron Leghorns Single ('umb \Vhiw8. get rur 1' 023 ntalog and learn full particulars In re 1.1111101" flock which we have carefully bred for high- egg records {or the past 21 years. Out 1: matings are made up of mature females with actual trap nest r'HorIls from 200 to 21'“) 08:8 Chicks and Eggs for Hatching that will put the PROFIT into \our Leghorn floc ks rite postcard for catalog Why and before ordering n0111:1111 or Eggs «isrwimru. SITR CK POULTRY FARM, Route 4 0, Hudsonvllio, Mich. WASHTENAW HATGHER CHICK PRICES: hMarch 26th and following hate cc and Reds. 50, hss.50: 100, $16: 500, $75. to Books, White Wyandottoc. 50. $9.50; 10 $18; 500, $85 White, Brown and uff Leghorns, 50. $1.5 ; 100 $14; 50 G I r0111 5. hatches due; March 12111111111 19th ill 5“ .1" “‘0 in 1.1115211 prices P,ost'pald full hvxe delivery guaranteed Our flock, are carefully selected and bred for high egg pro- ductlon. Order from this ad Leference Farrnem and Mechanics Bank. wasn'rEnaw' HATCHERY. Ann Arbor. Mich. BABY cchKs White English Leghorns. Tom Barron Strain. White and barred Plymouth Rocks, 8 C. l: I, Reds Orpingtons. All pure bred from selected stock: Live arrival gaunranteed. Postage pui.d (Mich- tom hatching. Durand Hatchery, BABY onlcxg—“s'l'fltgsf 1122.8;1151‘. dottes. thigcrgns. W151i” {finanisheds Brahm yen”: Fonton, 300 ft. long by 180 feet w! 6. A strip 30 ft. wide by 300 long was sown thickly with oats and cultivated growing. Having been educated in .oats, the chicks did not bother the young corn to any extent. A row of houses 3114 ft., were along the north side of that, 30- ft. strip, chicks ran in the corn all summer. the corn forming both shade and §helter from hawks. In four years the chicks had practically denuded the ground of weeds. There were about 400 chicks if. that lot, remain- lug there until time to be put into winter quarters. ' Yes they do some damage to the corn, stripping the under part of the husk off and eating two or three rows of the under part of the ear. But the fifth year I raised 165 bush- els of ears, 133 of shelled corn, on that lot, and all the cultivation It had was the cultivator run through it both ways twice. No hoelng whatev- er on the main part of the lot; on the south side furthest from the chicks, I had a strip of potatoes the previous year and that had to be hood. I think 10 bushels would cover all the damage the fowls did to the corn. Foxes bothered, so I plowed a. deep furrow around the lot, set posts at the edge of the furrow and put up a six-foot poultry-wire fence around it, letting the wire down into the furrow, and filling it so they could not dig under. CAPONIZENG VERYBODY is fond of chicken, but many do not know that cap- ons have the same delicious meat, Only more of it. Birds for broiling must be killed while they are still comparatively light in weight, in order to have them at their best, but cockerels when capon- ized can be brought to a. weight four or five times that of the broiler, ac- cording to the breed, and still retain the tender, sweet flavoned flesh of broilers. ‘ It is difficult to state the exact size or age at which a cockeral may be most successfully operated upon, as different birds develop differently. beginner will be safe in using birds weighing between” 1— —10 and 9- 10 kilo if they are of the Plymouth, Rhode Island Red, Wyandotte, or Orpington , breeds. Later as one becomeslmore familiar with the matter, the birds will be selected by their “look” rath— er then by weight or age. The prop- er time is just before the Cockeral begins to make ccmb, when the gen— erative organs are about the size of a small navy bean. The organs are oval in shape, and at the time most favorable for caponizlng are the size of a small pea. The Operation Previous to the operation the only preparation necessary is to keep the bird from food and water for thirty; six hours. This will allow the intes- tines to empty and subside, making the operation much easier and less dangerous. The present mode of operating is to make a small cut between the last two ribs on either side. This is pref- erable to one large opening on one side, being easier on the bird and the wounds heal more quickly. Lay the bird on its side on the op- erating table. Wrap a. cord twice around its legs. Wrap another cord around both wings close to the body. Attach the other ends of these cords to weights like a. small stone, letting them hang over the table side, hold- lng the bird safely. A few feathers should be plucked just in front of the thigh, thus laying bare a small space just over the last rib. The surrounding feathers should be moistened to make them lie down and not interfere during the oper- ation. The last two ribs should now be located by the forefinger of the left hand. Having located the ribs pull the skin as far toward the thigh or hip as possible, so that after the operationis completed it will go back to its place and entirely cover the out between the ribs. With, the knife in the right hand, insert it be- tween the last two ribs, cutting through skin and flesh, beingcareful not to touch the intestines. Make the out about 26 millimeters long. "none Mum" Ennis. Fonton. 11mm.“ Insert the spreader, betWeen the rib moot: 112.11 «mm nee": - the chicks and begun to law he: ’ chicks were moved into the corn lot, I in; on the rest of the lot corn was' and the . As a starting point, however the ‘ pushed aside the organ Will be in plain slight. the proper age it will be a shape of a small bean. ‘ The care with which the operator grasps the organs without grasping,- the blood vessel, or the tissues suré rounding it constitutes the whole trick 0f the operation. Having grasped the testicle with t!- forceps, twist them arbund a couple of times and pull them out and cut the twist- ed cords with a. knife. Remove the spreaders an'd anew the skin to cov- . er the opening between the ribs. In ten days there will be nothing but a. shiny scar. After the testicle Is removed the bird is laid on Its other side and the other testicle removed. After the operation, the birds should be placed in a yard by them- selves and fed on soft food for three or four days. the birds several days after the oper- ation, to see if there is and swelling (wind puff). If there is, a slight puncture of the skin will correct it. —Progresslve Agriculture. STANDARD REQUIREMENTS OF. GOLDEN POLISH FOWL - Will you please publish the stand- ard requirements for Golden Polish fowls?-—A. R. V., Croswell, Mich. ' —-—We are giving the standard re— ‘ quirements for the Golden Polish fowl as stated in the American Standarc of Perfection. . Disqualifications: Shanks other than blue or slaty-blue. Male Head: «Faz 1, red. Beak: Dark horn. Eyes: Reddish-bay. Comb, and Crest. Comb, red. Crest, golden—bay, laced with black. Neck: Golden— bay. Each feather laced with black; coverts, golden—bay each feather laced with black, lacing widest at end, forming two well de- ' fined wing bars; primaries, golden- bay, each feather ending with black, the black tapering to a point at lower edge, secondaries, well defined black lacings. Back: Colden- -bay, each feather laced with black; saddle feathers abundant, each feather laced with black, the texture of feathers giving a. rayed appearance. Tail: Golden— bay, each feather laced with black; lacing widest at ends; sickles and coverts, golden-bay each feather laced with black, lacing widest at end. Brest: Golden—bay, free” from mosslness, each feather laced with black, the lacing being proportionate to size of feather. Body and Fluff: Body, golden< bay, each feather laced with black; fluff, bay, tinged with black. Legs and Toes: Thighs, bay, each feather laced with black shanks, and toes, slaty blue. Under color of all sections: Slate. Female Head: Face, red. Beak: Dark horn. Eyes: Redish— bay. Comb & Crest: Comb, red; Crest 1n pullets black laced with bay, which after first moult should be golden-bay laced with black. Wattles & Ear lobes: red. Ear lobes, white. Neck: Golden-bay, each feather laced with black; feather in front of neck same as breast. . Wings: Bows, golden-bay, each feather laced with black; coverts, golden-bay, each feather laced with black and black growing wider at the extremity; primaries, golden-bay each feather ending with black and black tapering to a point on lower edge; secondaries, golden-bay with well defined lacings. Back: Golden-bay, each feather laced with black. Tail: Golden-bay, each feather laced with black, the black being wider at outer end of feather. Brest: Golden—bay each feather laced with black. » _ Body & Fluff: Body, golden-bay, each feather laced with black; fluff, a. lighter shade of bay tinged with black. - Legs and Toes: Thighs, bay, each feather laced with black; shanks and toes, slaty h1ue.- ' Under color of all seetlonS' -—-E. C Foremsn, Associate Wattles, 1 eel )I: .‘ ' In a bird of ' “ rich ' creamy yellow and about the size and , It is well to examine. golden-bay with ' Slate ,. were wed in 0th egs, ' um. 'j; {stitch out, quit eating and finally die. They are three Weeks old. ’When they were taken sick I was ' feeding cracked wheat, cracked corn, Chick feed, green grass and chicken grit, before them all the time. I feed and ham been \feeding rolled oats, bran, grass and sour milk; have also put permanganate of pot. ash in the drinking water .—Sub‘- scriber. .——-The trouble is digestive unques- tionably. I have en 8“" troubles developed by f ng moldy bran, and it might come from any kind. of ”spoiled or dirty feed. If you have .. ~ them they have overfed unless they .‘,,..'N are on range and pick up so much that they do not care much for what __ i _ is before them in the rr-~ And that green grass—do you mean that you ' feed‘it long just as is comes from the mower, or do you run it through a cutter? If they are trying to eat it without cutting up their little crops may be full of long pieces of grass ‘Whlch they cannot manage. Rolled 'oats, bran and sour milk make a good ration if you add sorne hard ,‘f‘t‘? 4. grain. They need grain to keep "if €~ , their digestive organs strong. The potassium permanganate is an anti- )» septic but not a remedy for indiges- ‘ tion. As they are a month old by this time they should have a good growing mash. Keep this before them only half a day at first. After a month you can lengthen the time gradually till at the end of the third month it is before them all day. Feed , , mixed grain morning and evening, ‘7 _,,~‘ - “ either in litter or spaded into the ‘ , ‘ ground if you have not litter. They should by this time be through with chick feed and eating'whol'e wheat . and Egyptian corn or cracked corn. . »» Keep the sour milk before them, and ' <5 i . feed cut greens at least once a day. , It is better to put the green before .3... them about 9 o'clock and let them 'pick at it all day. Alfalfa and let- tuce are the‘ best greens for young chicks, but lettuce is not practicable for a large flock. I -‘ SOFT SHELLS g} .. ' What shall I do for a Light Brah- j‘, -‘ p ,_ ma pullet six months old that lays “ soft shelled eggs? Her first egg was double yoked and since then she has - laid two perfect eggs and several ' w I. soft shelled. Last night she drop- . ‘-; ‘ ped two at roosting time and I found T‘ another under the roost this morn- , ‘ ing.——Subscriber, Calhoun County. 13.. -» . -—-Your ration must be to forcing. If ' you are feeding a laying hen.mash “ . . change to bran for a week or so and ‘ ’ be sure to give plenty of green and keep oyster shell before her. Brah- mas mature slowly and should not be pushed for eggs till they are eight or t ‘ nine months old. SMALL EGGS One of my Anconas laid a tiny egg ’ - , with just a speck of yolk. I have - . been told this is the last egg off a ' clutch and that after a rest the hen will begin laying again—Subscriber, Clayton, Mich. —-—Pearl, Surface and Curtis in “Poultry Diseases and Their Treat- ment,” say that these little eggs do not mark the end of a laying period ‘but may be produced at any time. They are usually laid when the bird is in a very active laying condition; "and the white seems to form about some foreign body, such' as a piece of hardened albumen, a bit of coag- ‘. , ulated blood or a small piece of yolk _ which has escaped from a ruptured 1 yolk. The egg you found was prob- ably formed about a piece of ruptur- ed yolk. - ’ CULLING REDS , .r' , I am hatching-from a dozen R.,I. .~ '. ' Red hens mated to a rooster that is the son of a prize winner. What points shall I take into consideration when I come to cull my spring chicks? When should I begin to cull?-—R. B.,, Clayton, Mich. a: -—You"should have a late Standard ‘ -' of Perfection if you think of raising show stock and you should also look at birds that have won prizes. In general, exhibition Reds should have , dark, briliant red plumage, free ‘ ; 5” frwm white, but With black in wing -’ v and tau feathers. They should have fight backs and the male . like ur fl 0,1511“. comb *«tibn possibility cut out the corn, wheat and chick, 7- kept all these different feeds before . . ing in some kind of a breeder. cull, except to rem0ve sickly 0 back- ward birds, till the males wei , 2% to 3 pounds. You can tell then whether they will be even in color and bloeky in build. All but the best should be sent to market as fry- ers for there is no market for breed- .ing co'ckerels that are not fairly up to standard. Pullets ‘should not be so readily discarded for they may make good layers in spite of white feathers of other disqualifications. If you really Want a good standard bred flock, however, it is best to get' rid of all that are not good color and . size. FINE MEAT SCRAPS MAKE BEST} MASH EAT scraps in the home-mixed 'mash for poultry should be , ground fine to prevent waste and to insure uniform distribution to all indiviluals of the flock, say poult- r‘ymen at the Ohio Experiment Sta- tion. . The coarser meat scraps do not mix uniformly with the other ground feeds, so the birds pick .over the mash fer the particules of meat, causing much waste and what is worse permitting a few birds to get more than is good for them while others are unable to get what they need. After the fresh supply of mash is picked over it is difiicult to get the mash consumption required for profitable egg production. If the other mash ingredients are of proper texture the final mixture will be a uniform product and palat- able. To make a mash of this .11111 standard wheat middlings is prefer— able to coarse bran and coarsely ground cats or alfalfa. Many dealers do not carry the fine meat scraps. in stock, but it can be obtained from them by special order at the same. price as the coarse. When the feed dealer orders meat scraps the coarse product is sent un- less the fine meat scraps is specified. A SENSIBLE EGG CARRIER CHOCOLATE or broken candy A pail that can be had for a song at any grocery store, makes and excellent egg carrier when treated in the following manner: Take a sheet of the corrugated br0wn paper board used in wrapping for breakable ar- ticles and line the sides and bottom of the pail, as showu in the cut." Then cut circles from other pieces of the same material to use between each layer of eggs, smaller circles for the bottom, increasing in size as the top is approached. Eggs can be gather- ed from the nests in such a pail and carried to market, with reason— able assurance that few, if any, breakages will occur. The cost of the whole will be but a trifle, and your own grocer may give you all that is needed for the carrier. The corru— gated paper can be‘ obtained in large sheets from grocers, to whom it has come packed about breakable goods. GOOD BROODER ESSENTIAL TO SUCCESS \VITII CHICKS chicks ruined by worthless brooding arrangements. Some persons can take care of a few chicks in any kind of basket or soapbox ar— rangement behind the kitchen stove, while others taking hold of the same outfits would fail every time. All such things are but veritable make— shifts at best. If you care to make a real success of raising w‘hat chicks hatch, better put aside all rec— mendations for fireless brooders, and invest in a good roomy reliable breeder. One that has some reputa— tion behind it, and can produce re— sults which are claimed. There are various kinds of brood- ers. In the first place, there is the old—fashioned kerosene lamp heated brooder, which ispretty good, but we _ THERE is many a good breed of think a much better one is the so— I called blue flame kerosene heater, which produces a flame very similar to the blue flame cook stove. These are the best of that kind of brooder. The‘n where a good many chicks are to be brooded in a right cold climate, the hard coal or soft nut coal stove heater for heating a brooding house is good. They are, of course, not calculated to use where a hundred or two chicks are to be warmed. The gist of the whole matter is that no matter what, number of chicks you are to take care, of from 50 up, do not try to economize by not invest- Do not basin to- ' A F I' 0 a m TELLS HOW _. , PROFITKR ‘ REG‘I'from large Modern . ‘ .~ acre Poultry Farm . ‘ Result of ten ears of total breeding for heavy egg production. Winners at leading shows. A. it}. ‘ Inspected and An r0ved.100% live arrival guaranteed. Shipped Post ’ Bank reference. rder at once at these rices or write for Oustalog. BAR ENGLISH WHITE LEGHORNS, BR EGHORNS sand. 8. c. ANGON AS. EX SELECT, 5 .50; 100, 0514.00; 500, 365 1.000. $125.00. SELECT, 50, $6.50;100, $12. 50; 500, $60. 00; 1 00, $115.0 TOWNLINE POULTRY FARM, Box 27, Iceland, Mlchlgaon CUARANTEED C H I C K S RURAL QBALITYL proven layers. Pure- bred S. EXCEPTIONAL VALUES IN HIGHEST ’ Bag-on White Leghorns, Heavy Laying QBrown Legh oms, Select Anconas. Heavy l». ter Layers. Result of constant breeding for hi h flock averages. Buy direct from rge modern hatching and breeding institution. Al stock scientifically culled and “13‘ ngVed and headed by large vigorous mules. New low prices. Sent postpaid.1000m - 9 delivery guaranteed. Write for line 1923 catalogue. Its free. Reference: Two Banks. RURAL POULTRY FARM. DEPT.B. n.1, ZEELAND, HIGH. Postpaid to your door and full live count oguaranteed CHICKS, $10 per 100 and up 8Prlcos on 100 30 o WHITEb snowuv ”I:t aSum: LEGHO onu ........... 1.00 $13.00 $38. 00 $62. 00 $13200 00 RRE ROCKS, BLACK MINORCAS and ANCONAS. 8.00 05 4.000 .WH ITE ROCKS, WHITE WYANDOTTES and REDS... 8.50 16.00 46. 00 15. 00 145. 00 RUFF MINOROAS 50,$13;100,$25. MIXED CHICKS FOR BROILERS, 50, 6:100, $11: 500. $50. Postpaid. Bhlll live delivery guaranteed. Hatched in the best possible manner rom us, pure-bred, he“? laying flocks on free Irangs. Carefully selects ted and packed to so safely. No mtaloz. Order right from this ad. and save time. Reference. Citizen's Saving Bar1k.YouI take no chances. THE EAGLE NEST HATCHERY, Box K, Upper Sandusky, Only 7 hours from Grand Rapids. Can reach any polnt In Mlchlgan In0 24 hours. DON’T BUY CHICKS until you get our prices as we can save you money on Eng llsh Leghorns. Barred Rocks and Anconas, that will lay when 882 prices are highest. 3.11 M. V\. Sellers, Route 1, Saginaw, Mich ., writes: "I made, better than $1200. 00 last war from 425 pullets in 5 months " Write today for free catalog and our contest offer and our ironclad uarantee. We aie breeders and practically about the only so advertised poultry 45‘ Month: 0“ gar rm in this vicinity. and Luis; RIVERVIEW POULTRY FARM, Route 2, Iceland, Michigan CHICKS $1200perlOOand Up 100% SAFE ARRIVAL GUARANTEED PRICES—WHITE. BROWN and BUFF LEGHORNS, 50, 1; 100, $13: 500, $60. RRED ROCKS 8. nd R. 0. REDS, ANOONAS B. MAB: 500. $10. WHITE WVANDOTTES. WHITE ROCKS and BUFF ORPINGTONS. S1HEP HPARDS 881 EGG STRAIN 1AN00NAS, WHITE MINORCAS, 50, $8. 50; 100, 75. I , 50, $6; 1,00 $1k;1,$ $1Hatched rom selected heavy laying flocks ttlaiat are well is d and cared for insuring strong, livable chicks that will make a pflro for 1{11011. POSTPAII) TO YOUR DOOR. OR RDER DIRECT FROMT TH IS AD and I)SAVE TI Catalog free. Reference, Geneva Bank. THE GENEVA HATCHERY. Box 505. Geneva, Ind. GUARANTEED CHICKS Hatched from H 11 La 111g unlit Fowls on free ran a, insure strong Cl1l1gcks.y Q 1' g properly fed and housed to BARRED ROCKS SE DS. MINOgGAS, ANCONAS. 50 $8; 100, $15; 500, $74 c. WHITE WYANDOTTES B FF R00 .......... 50, 5.50 10 V"! "In. BROWN and ’ LEGHORNS ........ 50 '$$7. 50;'1od),' $1135 :88] 333 Postpaid to your door. 100% live delivery guaranteed. Catalog free. Bank Reference_ MORENO! HATCHERIES, Box B, Morencl, Mich. Member I. B. c, A u-Qu'ality Chicks—- that will lay an pay. WHITE LEGHORN Karsten’s aggcéammm BARRON STRAIN ENGLISH S .l V UALI’I‘Y BABY KS cA‘N N311!) BRO“) 11135351193 AND 1111\I'I‘Elllelv‘131 ' I“ “LOG . ' 1 '1: 1 r unmmlunn WE SHIP oinnchiluliiu'IigifY 10R AR ST EN’ S FARM, Zceland, Michigan, Box 102. 300,000 Chicks ENGLISH ,WHITE and BROWN LEGHORNS, ANGONAS, 50 $1; 100. $13; 500, $60. BARRED Guaranteed Michigan Bred and Hatched SHEPPARD' S Famous ROCKS, Strain R. andS.C. RED,S 5.0 58-100 $16;5Q0,$75. 1,000 orders at 500 mte. RHO $12,513.58 55:13:? {2318;}: 200, 1 $35. flP11ir11aiélfif11HfiéLvtef (lelivcly glu'uuntecad iss‘lfhmo 1 rom eavy uying ocs er r h "' OUR CUSTOMERS. Catalog lrce. Reference, Holland (Jill? StuISIcalllanlx. WE SA TISFY KNOLL’S HATCHERY, Box L, Holland, Michigan 'l‘lMMER’S HATCHERY B I! Pure Bred Chicks 11...? mHome Hard, health? Chicks from se- lecte heavy a‘ying flkoc 3_ WM. Broiler Chlx .......... 11o Wh Wyandottes and BR. LEGHORNS 50, $1; w. or B. Leghorns. .130 Buff Orplngtons. .110 100 $13, 500, ,$ 50.11"- Rocks or Reds 15,29 Light Brahmas-....220 googinsé7556 SgABRRE1pooéofiz1|€sI W. or Bufl‘ Rocks. .170 Black Mlnorcas ...... 160 and. EEO-S 50 $8. 50 100’ Add 35c if less than 100 lots wanted. Circular. $1650' 560' $ 0_ Postpaid LAWRENCE POULTRY FARM g11glelivet$flivery.llank reference. Dept. 8 Good Refernece R. 7, Grand Raplds, Mich. * e TIMMER’S HATCHERY, Rhode Island Reds, Tompkins straln hatching Route 3 A: 'Holland, M'Ch- eggs and baby chicks. Eggs per hundred $12. 00; chicks per hundred 25.00, 11 all orders for :iélfer stoctkh egIli'ls 8r thICkSI 01! $15 .10? or 1more. I - w give e we saw .ourna ree or one Hardy NorthemBredChICks A few good (ockerels left. Quality Breeder of Rhode Island Reds, both combs. Barron S. w, LEGHORNS WM. H. FROHM, New Baltimore, Mlch., R. 1. Parks Strain BARRED ROCKS The greatest egg producers known. BABY CHICKS—PUREBRED BARRED ROCKS. Buff Wysndottes, Black Mmp2cas, It esd 0 Heavy winter layers See record of Brown and White Leghoms 11d up shipped our pen 6 now at the Michigan International Eg Laying Contest. postpaid. THOS. G. GALLAGHAN, Fonton, Mlch. (ht Quayty chilcI snot?" . _ pric 3 mm 0 am 3 mouse! . polll ry farm. .Gatalogue free. Keep The Busmcss Fanncr Com- Pine Bay Poultry Farm, Box 58, Holland, Mlch. ing—Sce Page 13- SOLD OUT! “ E wish to say that the Business Farrier did us more good than any thcr paper we ever put our ad in. We sold over fifty cock- crcls and could have sold more if we _ had had them.” . A. J. Brewbaker, Elsie, Mich. The Business Farmer will do as much for you if you,’ have poultry, hatching eggs or baby chicks for sale. WRITE TODAY FOR OUR SPECIAL RATES. Advertising Dept., The Business Farmer, Mt. Clemens, Mich, .BABY OHIGKS ‘ , ucmz strains.- for catalogs 111111111 breeds, free price 'eoeF CHICKS ' THAT GROW, LAY AND PAY Barron English White Leg- horns, Brown Leghorns and i neonas. PURCHASE THIS YEAR'S CROP 0F CHICKS from tested layers. headed Plates. large vlcorous 260 to 288 Pedigreed CUSTOMERS REPORT BIG1 PROFITS with these wonderful layers. Write today for our large Illustrated catalogue. It tells all about them, It’s free. 4 WYNGARDEN HATCHERT Box B, Zeeland, Mich. Star Hatchery 33313 From Select Vigorous, Heavy Laying dreading Stock WHITEN and BROWN LEG- NS and ANCONAS 50—$8 100—$16 BOO—$15 Hatched by modern methods in best machines under our , personal supervision. (‘arefully ‘ p.11 k111 atnddseifit Riosgafid and 100% live delivery guaran ee an e erence. You take no chances in ordering STAR BABY CHICK Place your order now and get them when you want them STAR HATCHERY, Box X, Holland, ARISTOCRAT STRAIN BARRED ROCKS. THE WORLD FAMOUS PRIZE WIN- Michigan NING AND HEAVY LAYING STRAIN. .‘ Barron “flute chhorns Spltm1li1l,big, heavy weight, heavy laying hens. Everlay Brown Leghorns .; Z litautitul business hen Wonderful - 2' wint-11 layers. S111111111 to none. She'ppards Famous Strain ANGONAS 13,111 eg' strain. . From all these great strains Postpaul 0'1ch and 11111 li1'11 delivery g11.11.1nt1e1l Also EGGS F0 and Stock Breckding ~lteference 2 Banks. Member M. i. (,1. A Fairvlew Poultry Farm, Route 2 K. Zeeland, Mich. WOLVERIIIE BABY CHICKS are Chicks That Satisfy "rod for egg production l3 1e11rs.\V11 hatched 111111 shipped ("hicks for "J years. 1113 assures you Success. ENGLISH WHITE AND BROWN LEGHORNS. 1'111i'1al guaranteed. \Vritc for it‘s free. WOL VERINE R. 21 1 1H) ' , (11112110111111. HIATC H ERY, x 1'11 Zeeland, Mich. vigorous, heavy laying breeding stock. “’1 ite, Brown Leghorns, Anconas,, ar- I red Rocks. Our price is 12 cents and up. Guarantee 1000,, live delivery by pre- paid post. (let your order in now— will ship when you want. Customers re- “Big Profits" with these 110111le1f11l 1ayers Write today for Illustrated Nata- (It’s f.re11 ctference State (:om- ' menial Savings Rank. Member M. B. (. Queen Hatchery & Poultry Farm, Zeeland. Mlchi gan BABY CHICKS 11 new order (‘hi1ks in 11 breeds of the IY’gi'le cBreed Practical Poultry that is making egg From select Barred Rocks iecords on our customer’s own White Rocks farms. If you want stock that RhOdOI Reds will make real money, send for Wyond'oglt‘gs our description and price list. 8:533“? All stock guaranteed 1000/,7 post h., Br ,Bufr paid. We want you to try our Anconas stock this year. It is tl11 best Minopcas 111‘111'ti1111 stor'k you 11111 buy. STATE FARM ASSOCIATION 202 Chase Block Kalamazoo, Michigan. State Mme 8.0. W. LEGHOBIIS “HIX ed AMERICAN- ENGLISH STRAIN Are you goin g to buy tl11 111 from a hatchery or’ from 11 B1111 l1‘Dlv R Iliuy from Michigans Largest Leghorn 11 arm and insure success. We hatch our own eggs only. Supply limited. l’rices reasonable Pedigreed Satisfaction guaranteul. Descriptive Circular tells all about them. It’s free. SIMON HARKEMA 6’: SON, R. 1, Hollhnd, Mich. BABY CHICKS FROM SPECIAL MATINGS A specialist breeder can furnish better baby chicks. Our ANOONAS’ are Michi— gans leading strain today—both in ex- l1ibition 8.1111 in egg produrtion. WHITE LEGHORNS from a select special egg flock having blood lines of world's lot q uT‘tWStIm‘gs' \\'11s{111cialize in quality m_, uan 1 lowes catalogue y prices. ‘1 rite for illustrated PROGRESSIVE POULTRY FARM Holland, Mich. fl Selected Produced Strong, vig- acked to go Box 1 GHIGKS Barron Strain White Leghorns. under my ersonal care. orous chic s careful] safely. Postpaid, ful ive delivery guaran t.eed 5 chicks, 5.16 50; 100, $12. 50; 500, $60. Get your \or1ler in early. Eloln Hatchery, Box 811A. Iceland, Mich. SELECTED CHICKS FROM the heart of the baby- chick ure breeds from heavy eggsprod d A?!“ dhe very solar-an teed. on Tim HOHEE& ‘BROH Iceland, Mich. duduetry. Leading —-WE HAVE SHIPPED THOUSANDS ' each tseason since 190.4. .Dit‘ferent ookle wi guarantee and delivered Hatchery, Box 10. Froeport, Mich. ors lfi- MPROVEMENT is the Constant aim of those who would achieve the highest type of success. With- out this desire agriculture would still be in the thatched stable stage of de: velopment in this country. And any sort of improvement which is not honestly won, which is not perman- ent in character, is deceitful. By that we mean that we cannot adopt a type of progress which merely defers the day of reckoning; if.we are going to secure high crop yields at the ex- pense of sbil fertility, or high egg. yields at the expense of the constitu- tional vigor of our stock, then it would be better not to hazzard’ it at all. , Success with poultry, especially in improving the flock records, must be built upon the solid rock of honest methods or the structure is certain to come tumbling down about our ears. That is why so many people who seek to beg the question through the feed-K ing of nostrums- and stimulants fail‘ to achieve any real success. They have not taken stock of all the fact- ors influencing success. By crowding the hens, by forcing an unnatural production upon them, they have se— cured temporary results at the ex— pense of the future. And the future has invariably cost them more than the temporary r'increase made pos- sible. . The very first thing to do, in seek- ing to improve the home flock, is to take stock of the situatir and get an accurate record of what the flock is doing something upon ”which an intelligent analysis of future efforts may be based. There is nothing quite so important in any business as a “set of books.” The merchant finds them indispensible as to his business success, for they are the barometer which accurately gauges the state of health of that business. No man can do business these days without records of what he is doing and records over a long period of years—comparative statements. Rec— ords must be had of the poultry flock before one can attempt improvement. We do not mean that trapnests should be installed on every farm, or that they need be installed on any farm—although that would be worth while, if it were done—but we do mean that every person keeping poul- try ought to know in round numbers at least what his or her flock is doing by days, weeks or months. Too many people imagine that their hens are laying a good deal of eggs merely be- cause they lay at a good clip at cer— tain seasons. Then, too often, no stock is taken of the eggs consumed on the home table, and since they are not checked off there is a tendency to overestimate them, thereby caus- ing one to decieve himself as to the real productiveness of the hens. Keep an egg record, and while you are keeping that record keep in mind the fact that commercial poultrymen feel they cannot do business with layers which produce less than 12 dozen eggs per year. How many hens have you producing less than that number of eggs? You can es- timate, if you have a. total egg record for the year, and it will bring home some astonishing things to almost anyone with a flock which has-not been systematically checked. If you are getting eggs practically the entire year, it will indicate that not all ‘he hens are loafers. The problem, if your egg record is not what it should be, will be to elimi— nate the loafers and get more of the producers into the flock. And this will be a problem of culling and breeding, other factors in the poult- ryman’s route to success. Culling is no longer much of a problem. Prac- tically every community now has its qualified poultry cullers, usually working through the county agent or the state agricultural college or both. If one cannot command the services of such experts, then the art of.cull-I 111g can soon be mastered by a study of modern poriltry text-books and a little practice. Culling is essential because it prevents the lropagation of undesirable individuals in the flock, and because it cuts down feed bills and provides room for more pro- ducers, thereby giving them a better chance. Breeding is, of course, important While every poultry raiser cannot be expected to master the art of breed- ing, the rudiments of the science can at least be learned. And it means a' great deal more than simply selecting a geod locking male and turning him ’ loose with the hens and pullets. The more one gets into the subject of breeding, the more important and vital it seems to be. But it is worthy the effort and the study because, in the final analysis, all substantialpro- gress depends upon it; If more peo—_ ple were aware of this truth there would be less of the disposition to fly in the face of nature and do some of the things they continually. prac- tice. More people would come to realize that the pOultry flock is like a. piece of delicate machinery which must be given in proper amount all the elements, the fuel,.the lubricant, , and the like, necessary to make good performance possible. To attempt to secure results from a motor by placing water in the crankshaft for l bricant, for instance, would be fool—hardy, but many poultry raisers are trying to do just such a thing when they feed them something oth- er than a balanced ration and give good, systematic care and housing. Such a procedure would ruin a good motor and it will ruin good layer and the W1" r of her will not save the day, rither. (lood 11.1.11. 1 are as nec- essary as good breeding, whatever the respective purpose you may have in mind. And good feeding means, a balanced ration—a ration which supplies in proper proportion all of the respective elements necessary to achieve the purpose which you have in mind. if it means market eggs, then you must feed a ration which will produce eggs, giving all the ele— ments necessary for egg production and leaving nothi. to be supplied by chance. Leaving some one ele— ment to chance is one of the reasons why more farm hens do not develop into the producers. they should, for it is singularly true, that the average farm hen today is as well bred as the aver re hen found in any other place The trouble lies in other directions. It is in recognizing all of the fac- tors Which are necessary for success, in giving them their proper place and in seeing that they are discharged that the greatest chance f success comes. Details, we have said before, are the bricks which make success possible, if they are mastered. And they must be overcome or there will be no success in anything we may undertake. They will not denied.— Wisconsin Farmer. 1! BOOSTING PLACES FOR, THE POULTRY HE arrangement of roosts in the hen-house is a matter of consid- erable importance. Not only should these be so placed that they may be easily kept clean by the at- tendants, but the health and con- tentment of the fowls‘should be con- sidered as well. The usual method of the farmer in 'putting up the perches is to nail them to the wall Of the house, beginning near the floor and placing them at intervals ladderwise, even 11p to the roof. Take a look at one of these houses after the fowls have gone to roost and you will find all the birdscrowd- ed onthe higher‘perches. This in- stinct of self—preservation prompts them to get as far away from the ground as possible, a trait inherited from their wild ancestors. Often in striving for the highest perch the heavy fowls are crowded off and re— ceive severe injuries, or in flying down from the roosts they are apt. to be injured. Injury in the last mentioned Way is a common ‘ e of the so—called bumble-foot, p lent among heavy fowls. Where perches are arranged in this way the highest is cold and unsanitary. Snow and frost upon the roof may chill the cembs and. backs of the birds, resulting in sickness and death in the flock. All perches should be upon the same level and never more than four feet from the floor. Many contend that two feet is the ideal height. The Asiatic breeds should not be expected to -roost far from the ground, ’while the Mediterranean varieties may be given higher perches. It seems to add consider.- ably'to the contentment of the small— er and more active birds if they are allowed to roost farther from the ground. They should never be al- lowed too near the roof, however, for reasons already stated. An excellent arrangement is a square platform with a perch some to create best ‘ iii-2“?” grilowgfl dtghicks g ven u wen ne days and hatched y13nd“ 10,11: 11111111- 1111 mm c ulets w 1111 ed stock last year along wit the thirty wshichfrevlg m1);- wegt .,1 610 eggs in December Can you beat it?" e are the first and old Leghorns in this state est iniporters or White Watch our pen number 17 in the Mlchi n Laying Contest. It's coming strong! ‘All ga flEfig thomughly culled and properly mated to pure flbred cockerels. Tryao me real chi lcks this year. 0 now at new low price .Instructlve catalogue free. proper tamperature. Mich, writes as fol— BRUMMER-FREDERICKSON POULTRY FARM 26 Holland, Mich. ' Box HEAVY LAYING breedl stock or real quality helps _ Eroducerhsn hSvie’s strong healthy and 1 ' uslry ch who. 25, 000 Thrifty Chicks Weekly ITY Write for catalog. 11c and up, prepaid. 12 leading bree 3 Delivery guaranteed. Ovie’o Poultry Formnnd Hatchery 132 Boots Street, Marion. Indiana OUALITY CHICKS GE THLE pAavPROFITaBLE . T AND They will on big. l‘ree range. Selected. ogan test. Orp- & swgvandottes; 50,139.25; 100,1 . Rocks, Reds, Minorcas, 50, $8.25; 100, 16. Anc1mas,llieavly broilers. 50, 7.25; 100. eghoms, 5.0. 7; 100, 1513. Mixed, all varie- ies. $11 per 100 straight. l‘ost- ' .- clivery.Lircnl11r fiee. Bank reference. Mlddlepolnt Hatchery, Mlddlepoint, Ohio, Dept. B. Day Old Chicks Strong, sturdy, S. C. White Leghorns (English strain) from large, vigorous, yearling hens, raised on our own farms. That lay and pay. Barred Rocks and Rhode Island Reds, from best laying strains. Send for our illustrated catalog, free. HJllcrest Poultry Farms and— Hatchery R. R. 2, Holland. Michigan Selected Baby Chicks and Breeding Stock Tom Barron strain White Leghorns. Also Barred Guarantee 100 per e_nt live delivery on Cookerels and pullets in season. All stock Write for catalog and prices. Rocks. chicks carefully selected. l<~'1fe111nce Zeeland State Bank BRANDT’S POULTRY FARM AND HATCHERY R. R.3M ZEELAND, MICHIGAN Peerless Chicks HATCHED FROM BRED- TO- LAV S. 6.. WHITE LEGHORNS They are selected long deep bodied, with large lopped combs. Liberal discount. Live a1'1ival guaranteed. Catalog free PEERLESS HATCHERY a. POULTRY FARM, Box 10, Iceland, Mich. . .. DeKoster’s Hatchery Strong, vigorous Chicks from se- 'lected heavy laying ENGLISH STRAIN WHITE LEGHORNS and WN 0 8 O NAS $18; 50.0, $87.50. Postpaid, full , live delivery guaranteed. Catalog ‘ - 1 ~11. Bank 1.911- .'_-li(:1. DE- KOSTER’ s HATCHERY, Box x, Zeeland, Mich. 1111311 chicks llatched from strong 11 111i 1igourous flocks of ENGLISH L EGHCRJRNS AN D ED FRO EGG- PRODUCTION. guarantee 100 per cent $1. ,1. chicks on arrival. Postage PAID 1111. s vmasonable. Instructive Catalog and 1E1r11-cs free on request. QUAL IT HATCH- E,RV Box A11, Zeeland, Mich. _— “.M. White Leghorn CHICKS Writ. Quick. rm sud—Loam noun-1 on egrl “y orders: Wudd- Tum-o: 265-270,on 11280- Ilvory e IEILII' S SIAID VIEW DWI-III PAIN. Box 43" White Leghorn CHICKS No.13! Lanyinfe'm pure bred. English strain. Flocks fighlth. chicks. 8100f oer'rlgelntznoblgtyi 'anetgewr" Poona“ e cRoi. otoIogvroal he" cgulalgt Cut-1p- Grovee Ill-lichen. Box 4 1R.2,Hniiand,flich. BABY CHICKS and HATCHING EGGS Direct from our farm at greatly reduced prices only 90 u Barred Rocks, White Leg orns and Anconas. rite quiet:) for particulars and special introductory ofi’er. MODEL POULTRY FARM a HATCHERY, leeland. R. 4, Milli-ch98 WHITTAKEH’S ii. i. BEDSTM‘E‘iii‘EEJ Color3 and Ex Strain. Bred from winter layers fox-1 years. Chicks ondaeggs. Write for free cal:- Coom- Boll. Po. slog. 3Interlakeo Farm, ox 4, Lawrence. Mich. DAY OLD lllllt'lls 3'3‘1’11‘5 "‘" 3?: ISRANDW H_.tTES Write for Cats] Hatchery and Poultry Form. R. 1,0mIIDIId. Mm: Boolv CHICKS—FROM CELESTE nooks ~ varietl s. P ulor deliver yanrite £01e “outside ongngggcgn oranteed I: nos. Jerome. m1. 1‘ - ‘ 1 \ irons. HEliS AND cocKEnELs ' L“ll((’. ' 'dvortls‘e‘ments inserted under 6151 . heading at 30c per agate 'line,“ ' ; “Issue. Commercial Baby Chick ‘odvorttacrnents 450 per agate line .Writo out what you «have to on‘er land send it in.‘.. We will pint it in type. send proof and .quote rates by .return mail. Address The Michigan Business Farmer. Advertising De- partment, Mt. Clemens. Michigan. \ S; C. White Leghorn‘s and S. C. and R. C. Black 'Minorcas. Must make room before cold weat} “r. About ready, to lay. LAPHAM FARMS. Plnckney, Mich. HATOHING ‘ ‘EGGS “ :EGGS' FOR HATCHING: FROM THE FOLLOW- ing v'arieties, Barred, Buff and White Rocks; Silver Laced, and “ hite Wyandottes: S. C. White Or pingtons, an (1. Black Minorcas. Eggs, $1. p25 for 15, $2. 25 for 30, prepaid. From pure bred Good Ls séing Stock, Booking orders for eg s Order early. ENJAMIN SCOTT, Bannister, Mic EGG ' F0 R MATCHING—UTILITY STOCK. Grand White W yandottes—M. A. C. Champions. Good. square deal.Re21sonable prices. Sendafor price list C. W. HEIMBACH, R. 5. Big Rapids, Michigan. HATCHING EGGS S. C. White Leghorns. Tom Barron Strain, 250 egg utility line. November to April. average 65 Mar cent. Pure white plumage Range grown, healthy, vigorous7 stock. Eggs $1. 50 per 15; 3.4 00 per 50' 700 per 100.1’repeid. Lim— ited supply. Order from this ad now. MAPLEWOOD POULTRY FARMS C. W. 'Bovee, Prop. North Star, Michigan. YOUNG AND WYCKOFF WHITE “LEGHORNS 8818(3th hatching eggs $2.00 a setting. Prepaid circular. .F. Arthur Martin. Indian River, Mich. WHITE WYAIIDOTTES MARTIN STRAIN, Eggs for hatching. WAYNE'CHIPMAN, R. 2, Washington, Mich. "SILVER LAcED AND WHITE WYA_NDOTTES hour. large, beautiful roosters. I1 ggs $2.130. per 15. C." W. BROWNING, Portland, Michigan. [3an BOOK EGG av 10 LB. MALEs and 1512 Cincinnati, winners llogun tested hens. heavy layers. .l. C CLIPP 8: SONS RUFF ROCK EGGS Box M, Saltillo, Ind. THOROUGHBBE fioni Blue Ribbon \Vin— 11cm, 3]. 50 per 15; $9. 00 per 100. BALDWIN a. NOWLIN, R. 4,1Laingsburg, Mich. THOMPSON HEAVY LAYINGKBARRED ROCK c'l'llS. . $1. 75—15; $31-30. Dark matings. S. FRED KLOMP, St. Charles, Michigan. BARRED AND WHITE ROCK HATCHING eg's for sale from exhibition utility stock. F‘ainr c s' prices Dawsons’ Farm, ,Muskegon. Mich. PURE ‘ ~15; . 5. 50- 50. Pre)..11d $5; MRS. $ANNA LA NOIJE Fostoria, Michigan. S. C. REDS, GOOD LAYING STOCK, FINE color. Hatching eggs $6. 00 per 100 Limited number of chicks, $10. 00 per 100. ED WARD CRYDER. Alamo. Mich. SALE: ANCONAS EGGS FOR HATCH- good utility stock. Sinpmds strain. $1.0 Mrs. WilliamO. Johnson, Twin Lake, Mich. ron 111.2. for. 15. FGGS FOR MATCHING—FROM CHOICE PRO- dnétive stock Big Type White Pekm Ducks, 1; 'so_ Buff Orpington Ducks. 12' eggs, $1. 00: 2t $1 7.1, prepmd. Benjamin Scott, Bannister, Mich. MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCK EGGS FOR SETTING H .00 or two settings $3. 00. Also Wild Mallard lluck eggs same price. Very choicest stock. All or ers‘ prepaid. Cedar Bend Farm. Okemos. Mich. GHOIGE MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCK EGGS, $1. 50 per setting Holly, Mich. MR8. HAROLD SI,MMS LEGHORNS LEGHORNS S C. Buff Leghorn Hens, Pullets and Cockerels. “1113 and pulleis 2.50 each; cockerels $3. 00 to .1 7100 eH‘1c11.Show birds a matter of correspond- LAPHAM FARMS, Pinckney, Mich PLYMOUTH ROCK BARRED ROCK COCKERELS AND PULLETS from America's best prize- winning laying strains. \. inners of 18 that prizes at Detroit and M. C. be last two seasons. Low prices TOLLES BROS, R. 10, St. Mich. JOHN' s BIG BEAUTIFUL BARRED ROCK (ockerels, light and dark color. Sold on approval. $30 to H.$6 00 each. Cirr‘aul 211's. JHO N NORTHON, Clare, Michigan. Johns, 'NORMAN paid. Mason. Mich. EARNED. ‘KOCK COCKERELS, Strain; ”shipped on approval. express MR8. JESSIE C. DEAN. R. 1, \ RHODE ISLAND REDS ALE—S. c. RHODE ISLAND RED ‘8CK118REL1 _ Pme bred, Mankood strain ' Vigorous, dark, large red birds Price $3 apiece or 2 $.) .1.0) ALFREOD DEIOHMANN, R. 3. Pigeon, Michigan. TURILE YS—D ("C KS—GEESE 1101111111111 1151111111151 “"2222?" ‘ruDs‘. c. CAE'CAEHH'A‘NW Fenton, Mich. BY 45 BIG‘ BRONZE TOMS LB. v YEARLING 132 O \ mner. “ncmnah'urr a” SONS, Box M Saltlllo, Ind. FOR SALE—WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS. wraith. {‘39 "'cieisoss. an a, Mariette. Michigan- TOULOUSE 'GEESE ARE MONEY MAKERS. Two pounélsn cost less the raisef £13.: 03180133 Dork. no ssar very B. r Mm“, ‘::t:: "iA‘L E ?W IT60M 3. Byron com.- BRED BUFF ORPINGTON EGGS AT 'the description 'tions thru her sons. 21111111119 Geese, Wilma shalll'ind"; Such spots are breeding places for red mites; the most de— structive parasite that infests our fowls during the day but hide-«away in the dark corners, where a single female in a few days will furnish the family tree for countless thousands. The aim of the poultrymen should be to allow no harboring places for these insects. The roosting plat— form clean. as to ing off the dropping platforms. .Perches should be So placed be readily removed for sweep,- One _ may if desired, arrange the perches with dropping platforms 18 or 20 inches wide, in tiers across one end of the‘ room or house. They should be separate and i" no way attached to the wafls of the building. Then if all filth is carefully swept away each day, it is always possible to keep the quarters neat and clean. The roosts and platforms should re- ceive frequent treatment with coal- oil or liquid lice-killer. In this way no vermin will be able to gain a foot—hold. ‘ ’ Ample roosting room should be provided for all fowls. None should be allowed to sleep on the ground. Chicks should have shelves arranged for their comfort. They should not be allowed to perch on the regular roosts until three or four months old. By this time their bones will have become firm and solid and the danger of crooked breast bones will have passed. The roosts should be of material about tW3 and one-half inches wide and rounded on the 11p— per edges. This will avoid injury to the fowls’ feet. All material used in the house should be dry and as light as possible. The droppings platform should be of smooth matched material to allow for clean sweepings and afford no hiding for mites. Droppings should be swept off daily and the litter in the pens changed frequently. FERTILITY OF TURKEY EGGS Please tell me how long before laying turkeys must be mated to in- sure good hatching? Also how long kept together?—~Mrs. C. 1’., Onaway, Mich. —The best inform .tion availabe 011 the subject of turkey raising would indicate that the Toms should run with the hens from seven to ten days prior to saving the eggs for hatching. Fertility usually appears 011 the third day but the highest fertility is not usually secured at least of seven days after the introduction of the, Tom.——E. C. Foreman, Associate Professor of Poultry Husbandry, M. n TURKEYS HAVE ENLARGED ‘ KNEE JOINTS What shall I do for my turkeys? They are late turkeys and would like to know what is the matter with them. They eat good and are in good condition, only their legs are weak and they lay around a good. deal. Their knee joints are enlarg- ed.——Mrs. W. H., Elmira, Mich. ——As to the first one, dealing with an ailment in turkeys, I might say that it is difficult to give a diagnosis from given. It may be that the addition of precipitated cal- cium phosphate (sprinkle lightly over the feed) or the giving of lime water in quantities of two teaspoon- fuls a day per bird giving in the drinking water, and also the addition of bone meal would be of assistance in relieving this trouble provided it is of a nutritional origin. If it should be contagious it is necessary that a diagnosis be made before a y intelli- gent advice could be given. If you care to do so you may send us a bird for,diagnosis.——H. J. Stafseth, Dept. of Bacteriology and Hygiene, Mich. Agricultural College. -1 _fl BREED BETTER FLOCKS W0 points tokeep in mind: The cockerel is half the flock and he cannot be too good, and only your best layers should be permitted to .rear cockerels to use in your main breeding pens._ There seems to be no question any more that the high-producing hen sends her laying character down to future genera- I have noticed several times that where a flock of 1 badly colored hens were mated to a EH 8 , ' _~ This Should be the main idea. in the poultry house. be no cracks and crevices for filth ‘to gather There should . described may easily; be kept~ be as nearly perfect in form, color, and laying qualities as ,you can select, and if you have only one such she will provide you with your cockerels. Select your cockerels, sons of your best laying hens, es- pecially for their 'form and color. In this way you will soon bring your flock up in all desirable char- acteristics. To do this to the very best advantage you will need two breeding pens, one to produce cock— erels' and the other to produce pul— lets for your main flock, the two flocks to be unrelated as much as can be conveniently arranged. Fol- low this by strict fall culling and the results will soon be noticeable. POULTRY NOTES It is‘a. harmful costly practice to permit little chickens to get wet and cold. Clean, warm, Cry quarters are indespensable. It is a mistake to feed sour or tainted food. All mesh or soft food that is not eaten 11p an hour after feeding should be gathered 11p and thrown away. The best method of combating ' contagious diseases is to dispose of the Sick fowls and. disinfect the premises thoroughly. Let the fowls have all the exer— cise possible to keep their digestive organs working. The slightest ailment should be treated as promptly as a contagious disease. A mixture of white and brown— shclled eggs in the incubator will give an unsatisfactory hatch. Never over feed the you" ‘ chicks; feed little and often; keep them satisfied, but not ovcrfed. Good, thick buttermilk is about as good as green bone to make the chicks grow and the hens luy. Foul air and filth will furnish shelter for contagion. When the fowls are restless and constantly picking their feathers it is usually a Sign that they 2110 in— fected with vclmin. No matter how fine the strain, it is careful and intelligent manage— ment that counts most in the long run. _ Parched corn, wheat and outs of— fer possibilities for varying the grain ration of the hens. Almost any change of diet will prove good for the hens if they relish the new feed. Weight and fat conditions count when the hon is wanted for the mar— ket 'but don’t sell her as long as she is producing eggs in profitable quality. The chick does not come from the shell with gravel in its crop. Sharp sand or line grit should be furnished along with the first meal. The market demands uniform products. If your eggs are alike, shape and color, you can sell to a fancy market and get a price much higher than you can get at the local grocery store. Your flock is easier to tend if it is uniform. Leghorns are more active than Brahmas. Plymouth Rocks set well and make good mothers. Leghorns do not. It is hard to pro- vide the best conditions for all of your chickens unless they are alike in rate of growth, size, temperament, and habits. TRAI‘ FOR wonvns HAVE read 21 good deal about wolves in the north‘woods and the havoc they make on (leer and offtimes humanity. Now I would like to suggest a. trap I heard of from an old hunter many years ago. It is to make a square den 011 the ground, say twelve 01' sixteen feet square, fiveor six feet high, tapper it as it is built up, the opening: at the top, say three feet square. The logs of course, are notched close enough so they could not get through. Put an old sheep, cull of the flock, in it and feed him there: The object of the sheep is the scent and a wolf chooses to kill its own game. Drag bloody meat for miles to this trap is a good call. Ihave heard it said if a pack is attracted the trapper gen- erally gets a good haul. I am an ald reader of Michigan Business Farmer and-it is complete—Jars. O Colburn, Jackson County, Mich. George Washington owned Ameri- ca’s first mule. The mule was a pres- ent to Washington from the King of Spain, ‘and was‘named Royal Gift. ,0 . . . . 2. YDur cockerel breeding hen should. . MONTHLY PAYMENTS Remarkable Experience of Mré." " C. M. Bradshaw' 1n Prevent‘ ing White Diarrhea The following letter will no doubt beof utm2.st interest to poultry rais— ers who have had serious losses from White Diarrhea. We will let Mrs. Bradshaw tell of her experience in her own words: ' “Gentlemen: Itsee reports of so many losing their little chicks with White Diarrhea, so thought I would tell my experience. I used to lose a great many from this cause, tried many remedies and was about dis- couraged. As a last resort I sent to the Walker Remedy (30., Dept. 680, Waterloo, Iowa. for their Walko White Diarrhea Remedy. I used two 500 packages, raised 300 White W'yandottes and never lost one or had one sick after giving the medi- cine and my chickens are larger and healthier than ever before. I have found this company thoroughly re- liable and always get the remedy by return mail.—Mrs. C. M. Bradshaw, Beaconsfield, Iowa.” Cause of White Diarrhea White Diarrhea is caused by the Bacillus Bacterium Pullorum. This germ is transmitted to the baby chick through the yolk of the newly l1atch~ ed egg. Readers are warned to be— ware of White Diarrhea. Don’t wait until it kills half your chicks. Take the “stitch in time that saves nine.” Remember, there is scarcely a hatch without some infected chicks. Don’t let these few infect your entire flock. Prevent it. ’vive \anko in all drink- ing water for the first two weeks and you won't lose one chick where you lost hundrmls before. prove it: Never Lost a Single Chick Mrs. L. L. Tam, Burnctts Creek, lnd., writes: “I have lost my share of chicks from ‘Vhite Diarrhea. Finally I sent for two packages of Walko. I raised over 500 chicks and I never lost 21 single (hick from “bile I)i2"111l1111. Walko not only prevails \\'biic l)i2"211111e1, but it gives the chicks strength 211111 viroi; they develop quicker and feithcr e2‘11lie1.‘ Never Lost One After First Dose Mrs. Ethel Rhoudes, Shennandoah, Iowa, writes: “My first incubator chicks, when b 21 few days old. he- gun to die by the (102. us with White Dinlurhca I tried different remedies and 1121s about discouraged with the chicken busi- puss linnlly, I S(lll’, to the \\'211k11 ltemcili i‘.,o \\'ui:~rloo lon..1 for 21 box of their \Valko \Vhite l)1211‘1‘hc;1 llcmctly. It’s just the only thing for this ' lll"lllll( (liseisc. “e raised 700 thrifty, 111 mm chick: 21ml never lost 21 single chick aftex1 11112 first (1051. You Run No Risk We will send Walko \Vhite Diar— rhea Remedy entirely at our risk—- postage prepaidmso you can see for yourself what a wonder—working remedy it is for White Diarrhea in baby chicks. So you can pr0ve~—as thousands have provcn—that it will stop your losses and double, treble, even quadruple your profits. Send 500 for 21 box of \l'211ko,or $1.00 for extra 1211:1521 l\()X'—-,L{ll't‘. it in 21H (liiilkinu water for the fiist iivu “(ka 21nd \HLli'll results You'll find you “out, lose one illlik “lure you lost hundreds hot ore it's 21 posiiii i:1 approximately 42 per cent of the es- 5 timated crop in these States. Stocks ' on hand March 1, 1922, were 102,— . ' 764,000 bushels, or 35 percent of ‘ the estimated crop in these States ~’ 3 . ‘ last year.‘ ' I ‘ 7‘ A good market is said to be await- ‘ .y. .' 5 in the northern shippers since the 1- ~ 1 East is running short of old stock, ' > 4 ' there being reported scarcely more .- ~ » 1 than 50 cars for shipment from New ' York state and not more than 15 to 20 per cent of the entire crop left in Maine. Michigan potatoes are re- ported to be reaching a market in x 9 ‘ New York city even now, indicating I A. ‘1 7", a continued strong market in this ‘ ‘- commodity it is said. ' Prices ' ‘ Detroit—~Michigan, $2.00@1.,50. Chicago—rWisconsin round whites, $1.25@1.30‘ per cwt; Idaho rurals, $1.40 per cwt.. ' Prices one ._..A..._.._J A‘AH n. year 4 ago—Detroit, . Hay markets.“ generally remain fairly firm, but the warmer weather " is causing some slacking inthe ro— ‘ , ‘ i " : Week 0f April 1' HE greater“ share Of this week ' will be unsettled'with light rain . . or snow hurries occuring in Michigan. This general storminess will increase to a full fledged storm or high winds, rain and snow begin- in‘g about the middle 01 this week rid lasting through Thursday and probably Friday of this week. '* Previous to the arrival of this sky become mestly clear. However, ._ there is a probability that some un- . z '..1 for year flocks. m broods of turkeys, ”warm Quarters, particularly durin settled weather conditions will affect ‘ parts or the state at tail end. of the week. Week of April 8 ’Unsettled and stormy conditions are to be expected in Michigan dur- ', ing first part of this week. ‘The winds will be moderately strong during this time and the temper- atures moderate to cool. During the middle days of the, week and until near the close the weather is expected to be fair in- Michigan. As Friday and Saturday approach the temperatures will be rising and some unsettled, showery ' , weather may be expected in the state. - Potato Outlook Poor The probability of a potato yield above the normal in Michigan this season will range from 25 to 75 per cent with the later plantings getting, the best chance, those who plant spuds about, middle of June, believ- ing they will dodge the hot, dry Weather of late summer, will find this year very different. This year we believe the weather . before June 15th will average cold and wet while the latter part of June will average warm and wet. How; .ever, the entire summer season we figure will average cool and with about normal rainfall. Except for severe frosts the harvest season will be favorable for potatoes. Judging bythe general character- istics of the Rurals, there will be " less tendency for this variety to be- come hollow this year. In as much as we are expecting droughty con- ditions during latter part of August, this variety will stand the conditions better than most kinds. The Green Mountain and Gold Coin are also well adapted to the 1923 season but should be planted early.-—L. N. ‘ PRITCHARD. WEATHER FOR SUMJIIER AsI am a raiser of pure bred chickens, turkeys and geese, and also reader of the M. B. F. paper, would like your advice on what kind of a season I might look for this coming summer. The weather makes a big difference in my poultry business. Do you expect it to be cold and dry, cold and wet, hot and dry or hot and wet? Which do you think it will be?——-H. S., Rapid City, Mich. ———We are expecting the spring and summer of 1923 as a whole to aver- ‘age cooler than usual in Michigan judging by what, we believe will be the average eastward track of the storm centers for the period in ques- tion. The exception to this general state- ment will apply during latter part of May, most of June and about first .two weeks of July, when tempera-' tures will be warmer and thus help bring up the general deficiency. . We ~~ are also of the opinion the, summer months will average only normally wet in this state but that there will be an over amount of cloudiness. The lack of sunshine together with the average low temperature will .not, of course, be the best condition As a consequence, We suggest you house your young especially, in early summer which we believe wil . reevere storm to Michigan the temp-‘ tieratnres will rise unseasonably high ; butat the end of the week the temp- . etatures will have fallen and the «~~=sssr The re- which is considerably more than usual at this time, the reason given being that last year’ s crap was unusually large, that it has been difficult to obtain cars and that the prices have been farmers who could hold their stock Prices ' Detroit—No. 1 timothy, $16@16. - 50; standard, $15. 50@ 16 light mix- ed, $15. 50@16; No.2 ,timothy, $14- @15; No. 1 clover mixed, $13@14; No.1 clover, $13@14. Chicago—No. 1 timothy, $21@23; light mixed, $19@21; No. 2 timothy, $18@20;No.1clover,$15@16; No. ,3 13 @ 14. ~ New York—No. 1 timothy, $24@- 25; light mixed, $22@24; No.2 timothy, $20@23. Prices one year ago—Detroit, No. 1 timothy, $19@20; standard, $18- 6219; No. 2 timothy, $1N70@18; No. 1 light mixed, $18@19; .1 clover mixed, $15@16; No. 1 clover, $14- 15. Alfalfa—Chicago, No.1 and choice, $22@23; No. 2 and standard, $ 1 6 @ 1 9. MISCELLANEOUS MARKET QUO- 4 TATIONS Detroit, Tuesday, March 27th ' BUTTER—Best creamery, in tubs, 50@51c per lb. EGGS—Fresh, 24% @25c per doz. APPLES — Greenings, $1. 7 5 @ 2; Baldwins, $1. 65@1. 90; Spys, $2@- 2.50; other varieties, $1.50 @ 1. 75 per bu.' , western boxes, $2 @3; in barrels, Greenings, $5. 50@6; Bald- wins, $5. 50 @ 6. HONEY—Comb, 23@25c per lb. CABBAGES—Home— —grown, $2@ 2. 25 per bu.' , Louisana sugar loaf, $5@ 5. 50 per crate; round heads, $5— @5. 50 per crate; Mobile, $5@5. 50 per crate. POPCORN—~4@ 4 1,éc; Little Bust- er, 7 173 @ 80 per lb. DRESSED CALVES—Best 17 @- 18c; medium, 15@16c per lb. ONIONS—$4@4. 25 per sack of 100 lbs.; Spanish, $2@2. 25 per crate. DRESSED HOGS—90 to 130 lbs., 100; 130 to 169 lbs. ., 9c; heavy, 5- @6c per lb. LIVE POULTRY—Best chickens, 29 @ 30c; leghorns, 24 @ 25c; 24c; medium and large hens, 29 @- 30c; small hens, 25@26c; roosters, 17c; geese, 200; ducks, 30c for large and 27 @ 28c for small per lb. WEEKLY MARKETGRAIVI U. S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics Washington D. C.———For the week ending March 24, 1923. . FEED—Markets dull and prices lower. Linseed meal and, wheat feeds continued downward trend and .May bran is quoted at $5 below pre— Stock most feeds in excess of demand. Fair demand for nearby wheat feeds. Cornfeeds in ample supply. Gluten feed prices steady, hominy feed prices easier. Cottonseed meal in liberal supply by resellers and a few large offers are made by mixed feed manufacturers. Fair export demand from Texas. Production most feeds good. Move- ment fair. Quoted March 23—Bran $27.75; middlings $27.50; flour middlings $2 9. 2 5; Minneapolis; gluten feed $42.65 Chicago; white hominy feed $28 St. Louis; $28.50 Chicago; 31 per cent linseed meal $40 Buffalo; 36 per cent cottonseed meal $38 Memphis; $40 Atlanta; 34 per cent linseed meal $43. 75 Minne- apolis. DAIRY PRODUCTS—Butter mark— ets unsettled during week. Uncert— ainty as to production and supplies during the immediate future has ad- ded to the uncertainey of the mark- et. Some California butter on East— vailing prices. ern markets at selling prices is: slightly, under corresponding grades»- of regular receipts; New Zealand, Danish & Argentine butter also sell- ing in a limited way. Tone of the market firm at close today Closing prices 92 score butter; Ebw York 501,50; Chicago 51%0; Philadelphia 5035c; Boston 50c. W 01’ BUTTEBMAB MARKET RFUL conflicting factors 11% the butter market, (1111'. l 3 their «(:33 March :4 ~ serves“? on Michigan farms March ist are estimated at 38 per cent of the \mp’ satisfactory to caused either a. sharp advance or a 'rapid decline. On the one side Was sentiment which resisted every ad- vance and greatly favored'declines. In view of the rapidly approaching season of flush production,*the trade generally felt that prices were too high. All trading was featured lwith the greatest caution. Specula- tive demand was almost entirely lacking. Receivers pressed goods for sale almost on arrival and buyers purchased only for orders on hand. Each operator was nervous until he , had passed his purchases or receipts on to the next fellow in his line. These conditions were conducive to weakness and confidence could only be restored by a decline in prices. On the side of strength were light , only {I 01111! h'aVe been necessary to have a make. ' yed h m” and possibly to a decrease in the Stocks on all markets were generally so closely cleaned up that. a decline ' was almost in some quarters at times would no more than seem to give the market ' a weaker tone when they would melt away again under an urgent demand from jobbers. The market showed some declines and some ad- vances, depending on Whether senti- ment or light supplies was the stronger in its influence but by the close of the week under review no indications of a definite trend ap- peared. KEEP THE BUSINESS FARMER COMING SEE PAGE 13 stags, ' .per thousand. ' 6' pULVEYIZAI: LIMESTONE Don't let another seeding go by before you put in SOLVAY. You make more money using SOLVAYbecause it gives you bigger crops, better crops and that means more money. It's so easy to handle SOLVAY— shipped in ICU lb. bags or in bulk. may be spread by hand or lime sower. Safe, will not burn, and is so finely ground it bringeIresults the first year. Sweeten your soil and you “sweeten" your bank roll too. There's years of profit in using SOLVAY. Find out, all about it —Write for the valuable SOLVAY lime book-F—free! THE SOLVAY PROCESS CO. Sales Agent, Wing & Evans, Inc. Real Estate Exchange Building Detroit, Mich. This Year Spread Solvay EGGS FOR HATOHING—PURE BRED WHITE Wyandottes, 15 eggs 31. 2,5 30 eggs $2. 00; 50 can $3. 00' 010 eggs 06' more 5 cents each. Bin 10 settings 1\fi'rfigmd. Others 15. o. b. Allegan H. ORTO to. Phone 29413 Allegan Mich. BARRED ROCKS. EGGS AND BABY Chicks from Silver Cup winners and Champion gd’inmter1 8Layers. d Egg sed$2 Cper 11115 f and i 113i; lit; 0 up 6 var ‘1rcu 1' Ice. ‘1 ) ASTLIN G Constantine. Michigan. READ THE MASTER KEY ND (Sitcom. 32.50.1’HIPPS, 10 sséoME Belmont PLANTS AND SEEDS STRAWBERIEY PLANTS FOR SALE: SENA- tor Dnnla unlasp Gibson and Dr. Burrill, 60 cts. per hundred, 4. 001 per thousand. Postpaid. Progressive Everbearersfil b. 21 per hundred. IIl’o aéid. gim- asp er es r u r 00 Postpaid. 11100133311 J. DeGURSE, Ovid. Mich. STRAWBERRY PLANTS FOR SALE—SEN. Dunlap $3. 50 per 1000. Gibson’s $4. 50 per M. Five other varieties Also Raspberry plan Price list free. FRED STANLEY, I’124 Main St.. Bangor, Michigan. GRAPEVINE SPECIAL WEEK. 20 VINE8 $1 postpaid. good Medium Blue Concord. 3 N0. 1 White , 2 Red. GOBLE SERIES 8 MICLL NUR- TO LATE TO CLASSIFY Pen Mated S. C. White Leghorns Ferris 264- 300 egg strain, range grown, health vigorous stock. Eggs $2. 00 Jet 15' $3 00 peyr' 30; $4 .00 per 50. Limite supply. Prepaid. satisfaction guaranteed. Order from ed. A. JOHNSON, Norwalk, Michigan. MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEY EGG Siwmg' Best stock. Farmers prices 8 FOR SON'S FARM. R. 4, Muskegon, 'Mlchlgan. EGGS FOR HATOHING, BIG TYPE PEKINC Ducks, 12, 1, - 4'24 Ducks, 12 85 $1 75. Bull Orpinston BENJAMIN RUNNER DUCK EGGS, FAWN AND WHITE Good laying strain. 1. 5 ' 1.00 Order from d$ 0 for 15 $7 00 for H. A. HERSHISER, West Unity, Ohio. 0 1 $ 1.50 e sco‘r'r, pr pm. Bannlster, Mlchlgan. paid. MARTHA OSMOND, Vermon. an SEED POTATOE8--O%RTIFIED PETOSK Northern mm. L. D D.UNLAP Lama. 15:13 , FROOTPROOF CAIIAGE PLANTS. MICHI- gn gardeners and trackers are finding it pays big earlier and better crops to use our open field own plants from the South. Early 3"?th Wakefield, Success' Fl Bermuda Onion plantilonlggB Bat ho -5 harleston, 00c; n400, 3&3; 33'2””.‘3'2'1:3§3kff‘:—°2332 2° CERTIFIED COLLEGE WONDER 0111's. BARRED noon HATGHING Purit 99 7‘7 germination 92 test weight 37 , 200- -egg strain. $2 per 15; $5633? 5553573 01111 s.Wr1 e for prices. HOMER GOULETT, per 100 bfy prepaid parcel p.sst awkawlin, Michigan 3' ”R "-1, East Lansing Michigan. FANCY MIXED COLOR GLADIOLA BULBS - ROSE COMB RHODE ISLAND ' Produces large flowers. 1 toIto in nchas 25o ing 622! $1. 25 pgr Setting P0333538 HATCH. don; 5 doz $1. 00. % 1% half price. Mrs.A Albert Hat-wood. R. 4, Oharlevolx, Mich _TRY THROUGH THE BUSINUQ‘ 8. 0. RHZODE ISLAND WHITEs THAlT HAVE the la' habit. E s 2.00 4130 and pulls ts. my 5 per Jno. Hanaerlnk. Box W. Iceland, MlchIkan. WA "TED—TO BUY BLAO ’ Stallion or dark Belgian. Whal‘ hzvgoflotglfnoa CULBEBT. D. V. S., Charmin nine. 'chinn. SELL YOUR PURE-muse Pom' impossible: ' ‘ .- The small supplies which appeared » ' , LADIES’ AND MISSES’ KHAKI OUTFITS $19} This khaki outfit is made for rough wear. The ill id d y with long trimmed ted k n e e Ladies' sizes 34 to 44. No money. a. Voile Dress $19.8 Very attractive voile dress with or- i: u n d y trimming. ’uiiutifnl figured voile with new .' panels. Youthful 4TL§HII(I_V collars and and cuffs. Also pretty vestee in- sert of orgimdy and a n (l neut Ol'gillldy sash. Misses" sizes 14 (0 2“. Women’s sizes 34 to ~16. Be sill‘v to state size. Order Navy by No. 98E6112. O rder Copen by No. 96- E671 3. 0 r d e r Rose by No. 96E- 6‘714. Order ender by No. 66715. Send no money. Pay $1.98 and postage on ar- rival. Women’s Patent _ Leather, Gun- Metal or Brown Calf Finished Leather OXFORDS ‘$19_§ Made with imitation shield tip and medal- lion perfor- ated vamp. perfora t e d lacestayand circular fox‘ ing. 11 a s in e d i 11 In rubber heel and inedi— um pointed toe. Siz§s 2% to . 6 0 ' v‘ Order patent by No. 98A 4. r- lildigu‘mgili by No. 98A69. Order Brown Calf by No. 96A10. Pay. $1.98 and postage on arrival. Be sure to State Size Women’s Patent Leather or Brown Calf Finished Oxfords, Give Size ' Sizes 2 1,6 to 8, wide Widths, in Iblack patent leather or brown calf—7a stunning one strap model ._ with imitation shield tip medallion, effectively per- forated. s.medium rubber heel. Order patent by Ng. 96A12. $1.98. Order Brown lay No. 98A1 . Send no money. Pay $1.98 on post-- ago. onz arrivala ' s u i t consists of tailored sleeves and sailor collar. H a s t i e loop in f r o n t . Knickers are made with fitted waist- band, side openings with but- tons and two front slash pockets. Fit- bands. and Misses' 96E8800. Send n6 Pay $1.98 and postage on or- sfiifio- sin ' Be Sure to Nlcntion All Sizes, Colors, etc, and Send All Orders From This: Page These Smashed Bargain Prices PROVE I T! Yes, AMAZING VALUES—every one! Sharood absolutely guarantees that these are the Lowest Prices in Americafiquallty considered. But don’t take our word for it” Don’t send a penny now. Let us send your choice of these bargains ‘on ap- proval at our own risk—not yours. You are free to compare them with similararticles offered_else- where. Keep the goods only if you are .convmced that Sharood has actually saved you big money. Women’s . Soft Kid ISlippers $14_9 Always Mention Size Soft kid leather slipper. Stylish strap model with two buttons. Medium round toe With medallion tip and perforated wing tip and quarter. Cushion insoles. Medium rubber heels. Solid oak leather soles. A bar ain at our slashed prices. Sizes 2% o 8. VgVide widths. Order black y No. 98A22 . Order brown by No. 98A229. 89nd no money. Pay $1.49 and postage on arrival. Popular {Stitchdown Dark Brown Oxfords $1. 3 Be Sure To State Size Classy stitchdown Oxfords for women. fully comfortable and stylish. Uppers of- dark brown leather. Smooth leather insole. Flexible stitched—down oak outsoles. Low rubber heels. Sizes 2% to 8' Wide widths. Order by No.98- A268. Send no money. Pay only $1.98 and postage on arrival. Men’s, Boys’ and Little Boys’ Scout Shoes Fine scout shoe of soft pliable brown leather. Absolutely guaranteed barnyard proof; reliable Wonder- sturdy soles; low broad leather heels; leather 'L n s o l e s ; reinforced leather 1) a c s t a y . Guaranteed t 0 stand . hardest wear. W i d e widths. Order Men’s size 8 to 12 by No. 96A738. Send no money. Pay $1.98 and postage on arrival Order little boys' sizes, 9 to 13‘/2. by "0- 93A- 5. Price $1.59. Order big boys' sizes 1 to 8 by No. 96A564. Price $1.19. Pay bargain price and postage on arrival. Black satin Strap i . I 1 Pumps . Women's black satin d r e s s p u m p , one— strap. one-but- ton style With f a n c y rosette a n d ornament o n strap. Plain v a m p with medium toe and close edge sole With low r u b b e r heels. Genuine oak soles.‘A dressy, stylish spring fashion will be all the rage among the b e s t dressed women. 812.98 2% to 8. wide Widths. Order by No. 96A58. 80nd no money. Pa only $1.98 on postage on arrival. * . ”in Dinicl 1.». Black or Brown l Don’t send one cent. Just a letter. or postcard brings you ary of these smashed Price bargains. Merely give name and .number 0. each article you Want. Also state size and write your name and address plainly to avoid delay. Bay nothing till goods arrive—then only .the amazing bargain price and postage. If you are not delighted with your bargain return the goods and your money Will be cheerfully refunded. ORDER.NOW! Men’s Boot Bargains Don’t. fall to make this big eavnng on Men’s Pure gum hip boots; riction lined; heavy corrugated sole and heel; guaranteed first quahty. Made of the very best rubber. Us- ualy . lls at 5. Be sure to order your pair while this great saying offer lasts. _Sizes 7 to offer lasts. Sizes 7 to 12. No half . 96A- n d n money. Pay $2.98 and postage on ar- rival. State s I z e wanted. $2.51; Order similar style In It nee b postage on or- Send no Money Brand New Fabric Tires Guaranteed 6,000 Miles 30x3 $5933 Eresh stock of heavy, non-skid tires of live rubber. (.eneroiisly overSize. 6,000 guaranteed, but of- ten give _8.000 t0_ 10,000 miles. Choice of non- skid or rib tread in 30x3 size. Others are non- skid. Pay only bargain price listed below and postage on arrivgil. l . argan Price List No. 96D4040—80x3 $5.98 l\o. 96D4041—30x3‘17é 8.98 No. 96D4042—32x355 9.39 No. 96D4043—31x4 9.98- No. 96D4044—«32x4 11.98 No. 96D4045—33x4 .. 12.28 No. 96D4046—34x4 ................ 12.95 0 Mile Guarantee ' 8,00 ‘ . sharood's standard Cord, 30x3 '/2 . Same sturdy construction as regular cord but not m‘erSized. wonder-service tire for Fords. Order by No. 9804090. Send no money.‘ Pay only $8.98 and postage on arrival. ' Guaranteed Inner Tubes Now is your chance'to buy extra thick, live rubber inner tubes at a.big savmg. Don’t wait for- tube prices to go up. How many shall we send? . Bargain Price List l\0. 96D4020—3Ux3 No: 08D4022—32x3’7é ........... . - 1:39 No. 96D4023—3ix4 ......... . ...... 1.69 No. 9 )4024—32x ....... . ........ 1.15 No. 4025——33x4 . . . . 1.79 No 961)4026—34x4 ............ 1.79 Men’s Four State Size ' Order Quick. Guaranteed best quality all rubber 4—buckle iii-cut . . _ .. 7 ‘ arctic for men. Made With double thick soles and seams reinforced. Snow excluding _ . Furn— ished in men’s sizes 7 to 15. Wide Widths. Sensa- tional value. Send quick. Order by lilo. 96A990. Bond no money. Pay $2.48 and postage enlarrlvel. ALL ‘WOOL 'POLO COATS A BARGAIN AT ONLY, i 3 'l‘hink of this beau- tiful all wool polo coat in a snappy smart model for only $ .9 8, made of genuine all wool polo With'beautiful large collar with two rows of stitch- ing and novelty buttons. Has in- verted pleat in the back like the best made coats and two novelty pockets but- ton trimmed. 34 inches in length Comes in beautiful colors of reindeer tan, and Misses" 20 y . 900. Order Copen by No. 9 6 E 6901. 0 r - der now at our risk.'We know ou will be more t an pleased. Send no money. Pay $4.98 and postage on or- rival. Your satis- faction guaranteed or niche cheerful- Iy rerun ed. GUARANTEED FOR SIX mourns- wean U. S. Army ‘ Work Shoe / 7‘; Men! Don’t lose a moment in orderin thin won- derful brown work shoe. It is made otgleathor I hear Waterproof as can be made—solid leather through and through with full gram leather pars. guaranteed to "wear Slx months. Easily wo $5.00. ,Two full, heavy double soles, sewed afl nailed for greater strength. Extra wide, full leath— er counter. riveted to prevent ripping. SIZBS_ 7 h 11, wide widths. Order by No. 96A699. Bend fl ‘money. Pay $2.98 and postage on arrival. Boys’ Guaranteed Shoes .. Six monthg' guarantee Two full green chrome waterproof leather soles. solid leather lieelsn Munson army ype. Barn— yard acid—proof. Sizes 1 to 5%. Wide Widths. State size wanted. Send no money. Order No. 96AB’50. Pay $2.69 and postage on arrival. Women’s Comfort I ‘Oxfords Send No Money SIZES 2 V2 ‘0 8 State Every woman Size should get a .pair of these senSible broad. . toe shoes at thisamaamg price. Uppers of oft kid—finish leather. Solid oak leather soles. or rubber heels; comfort cushioned 2% to . Order Oxford by No. dor High Shoe by No. 96A283. 'Send no money. Pay $1.98 and postage on arrival. Infants? Black or Brown Kid Shoes shoe in black or ‘18? .. soft. uppers, flexible solid oak A real money— saver —— infants’ soft kid leather age on arrival. - .§_ v n .~_~ .2..__....2.., I p..___,. .. leather 3 le. Sizes 3 to 8. Order lack b No. 98]— ‘ 1115. Price $ .09. rder Brown by No. ’ . 98111118. Send 0 . ' no money. ' P ~ $1.29 and