TWO YEARS $1 R YEAR—5 YRS. $2 0.5!. .F# 1 TERMS 600 PB __ 5. an? a. \. ui' Apples: A Yr) 1923 ’ INK 8 Selling effort Michigan IENIB II]; ,IDECZ o t .n... C d D e p C d n I n A ,1"? ' em #99 ¢\QM* 2 O ‘9‘ 2'3 1‘ Edited TLHKELAY7 “$73.3. ;. '1 , Guineas On the Michigan Market Is Constantly Increasing. Farm Magazine Owned and! SA_ am: The Demand for 8 :X],PJO. VNDIH , ' ' " , u- I, t" .A V V W. "‘v: x " a I ’ Every Month! ‘ A» The Gift for Your Loved Ones— HE GIFT which is for more than today—each month its Cash Dividends bring back a fortu- nate remembrance of your kindness—and as years pass, it provides an ever growing Nest-egg to protect your loved ones in the future. A beautiful Presentation Card telling that this is your Gift will accompany each Certificate for Christmas Gift use. CONSUMERS POWER PREFERRED SHARES TAX "I ll KICHIGAH AND SAFETY Old Age Security-«or a Fund for the Children sent a Fund tor the Children Or $10 saved monthly on the —Yonr Investment made today 5-670 38‘11133 Plan gives 39' Di 1 t proximately $10,000 in 30 years. “d u” m“ “mated ‘ $3600.00 at this is your Savings 6..” Will DOUBLE your invew __the other 36400-09 you m. , ment in less than 10% years. eat and dividends. Q ' OVER 14,000 thrifty, Michigan Sharehdlders know. It will profit you to investigate —— we are glad to tell you. Callyphone or write any of our local oflices, or ask ‘ our employees. lCONSUMERS POWER C0. ? Securities Department—Jackson, Michigan l l l . The Greatest Clubbing Offer Ever Made (Bi-Weekly) (Daily Mau'mon) Regular Price $6.00 only borne—“lied and edited rim: -‘ - ‘ BOTH EFULLYEAR The Michigan 0” Business Farmer 25 Detroit Times belle‘thbbefl'lltem,o¢aeve:mdeuredfienftso:mnl I roues man. will! 3?. youaMetmteamf’r nmdgekgggfij tamnewathetr-dotthe ndwbxtfmadmm mum-mam mauammewmsurui f famasandwemnmudtoh-bhtomhuattfim 8 Grammy-bug.- omlnelle'pviceh-ebhllnedflrul-only. Batiste-lies- Wham-t. Marinades-slum“- _ mmmm,ummu mum 30811138. ranm, 3 Menu. Michigan. met Sir:— aad the maxim Business Farmer, both rally-er. an no ' _ rumocugmnxr.nmmwmnun.m n. r. n. Kw.“ l -AA ‘ ‘Merry‘ Christmas ‘ wasx)mmmammmmmmnm NE more step in the movement to form a state cooperative or-' ganization for selling of poul- . try“ and eggs was accomplished last week at the Michigan Poultry Ex- position, Grand Rapids, when a committee was named to draft a plan which will be presented to local groups. Those on the committee are 0. L. Miner, at Dowagiac; Alex Klooster, of Byron Center; J. B. Devereaux. of Hastings; Charles Highbach, of Big Rapids; Mrs. Dale Jenkins, of ~Clinton; W. C. Eckard, of Paw Paw, and George Cabell, of Hudsonville, president of the Michigan Poultry Producers' Association. This action followed addresses by Hale Tennant, director of 'markets for the Michigan Agricultural Col- lege; E. B. Heston, dairy marketing specialist with the American Farm Bureau Federation, and Gifford, of the college’s market department, and on open discussion in which feasibility of various plans was con- stdered. The poultry men realize that their position is dimcultl Any organization which is effective must include a fair proportion both of the farmers with poultry flocks and of the commercial growers. The. plan presented by Mr. Patch calls for the ’ signing by members of a contract to sell all poultry and eggs, except those needed for home consump- tion and for hatching and breeding purposes, through the exchange, for a period of four years. WASHTENAW COUNTY HURT!- CULTURAL seen. some BOUT one hundred of the lead- ing fruit growers of the county gathered Thursday noon, No— vember 23rd, at the Chamber of Commerce, Ann Arbor, and- par- ' took at a substantial dinner which was followed by remarks on the formation of a horticultural associa— tion for Washtenaw county; also remarks were made regarding spraying, packing, cold storage. etc. The following officers were elect- ed: President, Thomas Applegate, Milan; Secretary, L- A. Seamans, Ypsilanti. A committe on constitu— tion and try-laws was appointed by chairman as follows: B. W. Man- waring, Ann Arbor; George Engl- ish, Chelsea; A. G. Stein, Ann Arb- or. . The chairman appointed a. com- mittee consisting of Henry Bre— dernits, Saline; A. C. Stein, Ann Arbor; F; J. Simone, Ypsilanti; George English, Chelsea; Arthur Intz, Saline, to report on a list of nine directors. The following were recommended and accepted: Thomas Applegate, Milan; How- ard Boyd, Chelsea; B. W. Manwar- ing, Ann Arbor; William Austin, Saline; F.'J. Simona, Ypsilanti; D. A. Biker, Chelsea; Bruce Rembach- er, Saline; A. C. Stein, Ann Arbor, and Gustave Uphans, Manchester. The time and place for holding the next meeting was left to chair- man Applegate who indicated it would be in about three weeks when speaker present. Prof. Gardner was to have been present at this meeting but another engagement prevented. ———J. W. Sanders. FARMERS ESTABLISH BEAN . HGKING PLANT HE Michigan Elevator exchange made public last Week the fact that it has established a bean- picking elevator and warehouse at Port Hn‘ron'capable of handling, a carl’oad of beans daily startling warehouse and picking facilities for the bean-handling cooperative elev- ator associations of its string of some 1-60 local organizations which have not had such service hereto- fore. The plant, which has been leased by the elevator exchange and which will operate under" the name of the Michelex Elevator and Warehouse 00., is equipped with the latest de- vices for economical and emcient -- handling of beans. The equipment consists of automatic loaders and unloaders, a polisher, three giant pickers,'a dryer and about 100 band pickers which will enable‘the ex- change to add . the “finishing touches" to its product. Arrangements have been perfect- ed for picking 130 cars of picking stock within the next 90 days, the exchange declared. The plant has a storage capacity of 60,000 bushels with a warehouse capable of holding to or 19 cars of ; beans in storage. ‘ HUSKS 149 BUBH'ELS OF CORN IN mu HOURS Thomas Monroe, of Pana, Illinois, broke all Central Illinois records for corn banking on the John Butcher farm near Blue Mound recently when in nine hours he hushed 149 - bushels and 50 pounds. RADIO DEPA RTMENT FARM BUREAU RADIO PROGRAM Station m, Mago, Cenh'al Time 8:91 P. M. Wave Length, 536 December 11—“News flrom the Fifth Annual Meeting,” by Silas L. Strivings, Former ,member Execu- tive Committee, American Farm Bureau Federation. CHURCH SERVICE BY RADIO 115103} the story about the parish 1 in Shiawassee county receiving service by radio appeared in the col— l ’umns of THE Busxmss Fianna]: the editor has read several articles re— garding various churches following their example. The latest one to come to my attention is a Presbyter- ian church at Woodhull, Illinois. There is a regular pastor at this ‘ church but he was called to Daven- port, Iowa, to deliver a sermn. Not 3 wanting to miss the sermon they; placed a receiving set on the pulpit, the congregation assembled as us— ual, and a loud speaker amplified . the voice so that every word could be understood in the furtherest corner of the church. a _ m non BAnIm In am Dear Mr.‘810cm:—-ch.r editorial on We 12 of November 24, has appealed f i. o. 1 tea, believe even the mum would be softened by the uplifted of. a mother and the plaintifl' WI”. at I thy child without nourishmelt. I an (lid to contribute my little mite of 1c- Delhre on this happy Thanks- giving any to he), feed the strum: children of Germany, just as cheerfully as if the shoe w. e- ms other foot, and the contribution was to starving chfldren hunch-rm I think m M so ably covers the duration. 1 think contribution not g? ;l éi list-via: at “on, but also the bread cast upon the M uni hm. It helps find a market , bed. Ibeflmfl'l'henusincu Farmer 30‘ 01“ ‘ W m: for the meme m-whm‘M’e-‘e-HMM: andupnobabb 1,).ufielwi-ummmlvmmhm on" , AwamIe—mnuwgmm. onmc o” ,mM-WMIMMMmm-dwarbmyou WMmymeheck for Sloane! Ian: reprinfin‘this withthetheuhttbct-thenmothermdorsot'rnn Bum tore Decent.- 10tll, so we can turn this amount glad to contribute some amount, any amount. Red Cross for the specific purpose of BUYING “3 FOR GERMAN BABIES and send it as a Christmas In” Mummeermany. nyoumetelend and abut-epiyeurrelntttanecetmwtemeflstdeedrib- stars to this tnnd will be published in the December-122ml issue- V—cnoaes- M. sLocuu. Publish " m .. “cw ma v01“ N00 8 "I ' Being absolutely independent. our columns are open for the? ~ discussion of any subject per-m taining to the farming business. ‘ e “The Only Farm Magazine Owned and Edited in Michigan” was FA RM 1 - _‘ ' Entered u mood-clan mat- , Ana-t 83. .1911 ' t the ER ammo- » m. m. *ufld act of March Published Bi-Weekl! Mt; 010mm. not. TWOYEARBQI . » State Fruit Growers Hold 53rd Annual Meeting , Striking Results Secured Through Investigational Work During Past Year and Common Sense ‘ ‘ Analysis of Marketing Situation are Outstanding Things at Convention l PIONEER must be a trail blaz— er. He must ever be in ad- vance, finding the best route to travel and marking it for the benefit of those who are to follow him. This has been the mission of Michigan's pioneer organization of fruit growers, the State Horticultur- al Society, which held its 53rd An- nual Convention at Grand Rapids, November 20—22, 1923. During its more than halfzcentury of activity this Society has shown the great ad- vantages of Michigan as a fruit grow- ing state, has championed every- thing which would develop the fruit industry, and has been the guiding force behind the Horticultural De— partment of the Michigan Agricul- tural College with its wealth of ex— perimental and investigational work. Two outstanding things character- ized this 53rd annual meeting. One ~ was the clear and common sense an- alysis of the marketing situation. The second was the striking results secured through the investigational work carried on this year, under the direction of the M. A. C. Horticul- tural Department. Raspberry Results at South Haven S. E. Johnston, Supt, of the South Haven Experiment Station, reported on the work done there with black and red raspberries this season. Ordinarily the results of experiment- al work are not made public until confirmed by several years’ tests but the 1923 information was so con- clusive that it seemed best to give it to the growers at once. The work with black raspberries was to determine how many canes should be left per hill and also just how the lateral branches should be handled. In some plots the lateral branches were trimmed back to 4A buds each, in others the laterals were left full length but some were thin- ned out, and both of these were compared with plants where all of the laterals were left full length. To show how carefully and pains- takingly the work was done, each cane and each branch was divided into sections of five budseach and the divisions were marked with strings. A record was kept of the kind of buds which developed in each section and also the number and weight of berries produced on each section. Work done as care- fully as thls 'gives both accurate and dependable information. Two plots outyielded all of the others,‘ one where the laterals had been cut back to four buds each and the other where the laterals were left full length but had been thinned out. The comparative yield of these two plots to an acre basis was as follows; Four-bud laterals—210 cases con- taining 1,819,727 berries. . Full-length, thinned laterals—220 cases containing 2,372,241 berries. While the full length laterals yielded the most cases and the most berries. yet the berries were much smaller and it was found that a-person would earn only three-fourths of a cent for picking each extra quart from these canes. The conclusion was that the most practical method of handling the lateral branches is to cut them back to four or more_ buds. This method‘results in.better berries, earlier berries, and easier picking. ‘ ' A great difference in yield was noticed between the canes with dif- ferent sizes of stems. Carefnl'mew *urements‘ .were . taken, which, when compared with yield, showed plainly ‘ -' that large canes more canes can be Lemme;- inn. and more" buds "lateralbranch; x; ,. . ~Charles‘ Laughlin, chutes: M. Ame. Dannie. sixth; sham: also re ween ed , By CARL H. KNOPF (Special Correspondent of The Business Farmer.) that the main canes be alloWed to reach 24 to 30 inches in length be— fore being pinched back. This is recommended because it was found that the buds on the stalks of the canes and the lateral branch buds which were nearest the canes, pro- duced the largest yields of berries, Prune Reds Higher As red raspberries have only about one-third as many buds per root length of cane as do the blacks, ‘Supt. Johnson recommended leaving the red raspberry canes quite long. It was found that the yield per acre increased with the length per cane but that the limit was reached at about shoulder height. Canes which are too tall break over more easily and another difficulty was found in the fact that the berries on the top laterals have a tendency to run small. Mr. Johnson stated that the first five buds nearest the cane on the red raspberry lateral branches are usually vegetative buds and for that reason any laterals on such canes should be left at least twelve buds in length. Supplementary Cash Crops for the Grower of Small Fruits was the topic discussed by Prof. Geo. E. Starr of the M. A. C. Prof. Starr recommended, among others, sweet corn, asparagus, chicory, and melons. Cherry Spraying for 1924 These recommendations were pre— sented by Prof. H. M. Wells, also of the M. A. C. Horticultural Dept. who has been carrying on the work with the assistance of Prof. Dutton. To date they have found lime sul— fur to be about equal with Bordeaux mixture as a spray to control the cherry leaf spot. Their observation has been that more leaf injury is caused by the Bordeaux spray and also that it tends to reduce the size of the cherries. Special warning was given not to attempt alternating the lime sulfur and Bordeaux sprays during the season. Pyrox sprays during the 1923 season gave con— siderable foliage injury. The results to date indicate that lime sulfur, used at the rate of 11/; gallons to 50 gallons of water, is the most satisfactory spray for cher— ries. Applications of this spray are recommended as follows; First application, just as the petals fall. Second, 10 days later. Third, Michigan “Going Strong” At International EICAGO, Dec. 3.———Michigan has always been a big winner of prizes at the International Hay and Grain Show held during the In— ternational Live Stock Exposition each year at Chicago and this year our farmers are going to try to win more than ever. They started off by winning two prizes on their hard red winter wheat, and this is the first year they have ever exhibited in this class. Only two samples were entered from Michigan and they won twentieth and twenty-first places in a field of eighty entries from the wheat belt of the United States and Canada. Arnold Callan, Caro, won twentieth place and John Shoemaker, Hudsonville, was the other exhibitor. The samples shown were of Berkeley Rock, the new variety developed by Prof. Frank Spragg of the M. A. C., by mixing Red Rock and Berkeley Rock. The Michigan growers who placed in the soft red winter wheat class are: First, A. W. Jewett, Jr., Ma- son; second, L. H. Laylin, Mason; third, John C. Wilk, Alma; fourth, D. C. Seaman, Jackson; fifth, A. F. Hilliard, Mason; sixth, C. D. Fink- beiner, Clinton; eighth, L. T. Lasen- by, Mason; eleventh, T. J. Wilk, Al- ma; twelfth, J. A. Wilk, Alma; fourteenth, J. I. Hazelitt, Ionia; sixteenth, Ralph Jewett, Mason; twenty—third, F. L. Houghton, Alto. For the first time Michigan made a strong showing in field peas when, in the class other than-yellow, Mar— tin Peterson, of Bruce \Crossing, took first; Adolph Trousil, of Ewen. took second, and L. H. Laylin, of Mason, third. The first two are members of a group of Ontonagon county farmers whom W. N. Clark, county agricultural agent, has or— ganized for intensive seed work. In field beans, Arthur W. Jewett, Jr., of Mason, took first;’Melvin J. Smith,- of Springport, second, and 'L. T. Lasenby, of Mason, third. . Six out of ten places in yellow soy beans went to Michigan men. G. C. -Wilk, of Alma,’ was fourth; Daaville, fifth: Charles Ashbaugh, Luther, seventh; L. H. Laylin, Mason, eighth, and H. C. Owen, Ovid, ninth. In soy beans and other variety, Arthur W. Jew-ett, Jr., of Mason, was fifth, Lynn Jewett, of Leslie, ninth, and L. H. Layin, of Mason, tenth. Harold Goetz, of Blissfield, was second in the junior class in yellow corn . In the collegiate live stock judging contest, held Saturday, the M. A. C. team placed eighteenth. Judging in the other crop classes and live stock is going on as we go to press and a list of the winners will appear in our next issue. Michigan Stock At Show Exhibitors from Michigan in the live stock show are Carr Bros. & Co., of Bad Axe, with Shorthorn cattle; C. H. Prescott & Sons, of Tawas, also with Shorthorns; Wood- cote Stock Farm, Ionia, with Aber— deen Angus cattle and carcass en- tries; Willian E. Scripps, of Orion, with Aberdeen Angus cattle and Belgian horses; Dwight Cutler, of Ionla, with Aberdeen Angus cattle; Harold J. Harwood, of Ionia, with grades and crossbreds; Cliff Middle— ton, of Clayton, with Shropshire sheep; Harry T. Crandall, of Cass City, with Oxford, Lincoln and Cots- wold sheep and Chester White hogs; Detroit Creamery Farm, of Mt. Clemens, with Poland China, Duroc Jersey and Chester White hogs; Fred B. Hill, of Flat Rock, with Duroc Jersey hogs; Andrew Adams, of Litchfield, with Chester White hogs and swine carcasses; W. F. Adams, of Litchfield, with Tam- worth hogs and swine carcasses, and J. L. Miller, of Caledonia, with Percheron horses. The Michigan Agricultural Col- lege is exhibiting Herefords and Aberdeen Angus cattle, Hampshire, Shropshire, Oxford, Cotswold, Dor- set, Southdown and Rambougiller sheep, Berkshire, Poland China, Duroc Jersey, Chester White, .Hamp- shire. Tamworth and Yorkshire hogs, Clydesdale, Percheron and Belgian horses and swine, sheep and _c;tfle , camsses. , after another 10 Fourth, just after harvest. For the poison, 1 pound of pow- dered arsenate of lead should be used for each 50 gallon of spray mixture. . Discussing the effects of the leaf spot infection which defoliated so many cherry'orchards in 1922, Prof. Wells said that in the yields on the experimental blocks in Grand Tra- verse county had been reduced from 41/2 crates on the protected trees to 21/2 crates per tree in the check block which was defoliated by the disease. Michigan fruit grading laws were discussed by Director Wm. P. Hart- man, Bureau of Standards, State De— partment of Agriculture. Mr. Hart— man stated that Michigan’s stand— ards for apples have received wide— spread recognition and cited, as proof, the fact that 17 states now use the Michigan apple grades. Mr Hartman stressed the import- ance of standardizing as being fully as important as advertising. He stated that two billions of dollars spent in this country every year for advertising would be of little value unless the advertisers followed it up with a constant supply of standard products. He stated that the prac— ticc of dumping an ungraded pro— duct on the market is causing Mich- igan potato growers a loss of atm. [cast $1.000.000.00 annually. Mr. Hartman cxhibiied four full’ page ads taken from a single issue of the “Ladies Home Journal." 'l‘hcsc, {ids from cooperative organiza— tions in California, advertised Cali— fornia fruits and canned goods, in colors. to the American public. The cost of a single month’s insertion of each of these ads. in colors was giv— on as $11,000. These four pages three in colors and one in black, therefore cost $39,000. By reason of having a large quantity of stand— ard- goods to follow up these adver— tisements. Mr. Hartman stated that the California growers were able to realize a profit, even from an ad— vertising bill of nearly 40,000 per month per magazine. It was stated that the raisin growers alone, spent over two mil— lion dollars in advertising in 1922. With the increased market for their product they are able to realize a profit on their advertising invest- ment. Everbearing Strawberries This subject was discussed by A. L. Watson, of Grand Rapids, who has become widely known through- out the state as the proprieter of Strawberry Acres. The overbearing variety, accord- ing to Mr. Watson, was a sport from the Bismark variety and was first known as the Pan American. It was discovered and propagated by a MgrésCooper in New York state, in There are two distinct types of everbearers, the Superb and the Progressive. 'The former has the larger size but the latter has the superior flavor and sweetness and so is becoming the most popular market variety. Michigan marketing problems were discussed at length by F. L. Granger of Benton Harbor. Mr. Granger stated that he had become convinced that production, and not advertising, is Michigan’s first mar— keting problem. For example, ap- ples should be in cold storage with- in 72 hours after being picked from the tree. Under the present system. several weeks may elapse before the fruit reaches cold storage. 7 Mr. Granger advocated selling: (Continued on Page 23) days. ; (196)?“ _ ' Aren't They Beauties ‘1’ ITH a large apple crop in many sections of the state farmers are wondering how they can market them to the best advantage. Considering the prevailing price of apples, the scarcity of labor and also the high price of labor when it is possible to get it and finally the high freight rates where they have to be shipped by freight, makes the .apple crop a mighty poor paying one this year. However, there is a way of turn- ing your apples into a real profit with a minimum returns. The way that is described in this article. doubtless, is familiar to most farm— ers only they have not realized its possibilities. It takes about eight bushels of good juicy apples (ten or more bushels if they are dry) to make a barrel of ,cider. This cider then can be fermented by yeast and bac- teria and changed into acetic acid. When it has reached this stage. We call it vinegar. Vinegar can be sold any time of the year for from thirty to fifty cents per gallon. To take a concrete example, say that apples are selling for one dollar a bushel and it takes eight bushels to make a thirty-two gallon barrel of cider. The cider when converted cents per gallon. The eight bushels of apples if sold on the market would bring eight dollars and the vinegar made from those apples would sell for one and one—half times as much or about thirteen dollars. The actual profit on the Whole orchard would be a great deal more than this for apples pick— ed for cider need not have near the care in picking and handling as those sold on the market. Further- more all the cull apples can also be turned into a profit in this way ' while in many cases they are allow— ed to lay on the ground and rot. Vinegar a Long Time Investment One of the chief objections that the farmer has to making vinegar is the length of time it takes to con: . vert the cider into vinegar. He 7 places the cider in the cellar at a low temperature and allows it to re— main there until spring or the fol— ING Apple and his royal concorr Potato held undisputed sway at ~ Grand Rapids during the week of November 20 to 23, when the Second Annual Apple and Potato Show was held in the Klingman ,~bui1ding. With the leading grow— ersrof apples and potatoes in keen competition for state honors the 1923 Show proved to be the largest and finest exhibition of its kind ev— er held in the state. , «Some two hundred exhibitors ent— ered displays, making the Show considerably larger than last year. There was also a marked increase in the quality of exhibits, thus. prov- , ing that the Show is filling its mis- sion of teaching quality and selec- ‘ tion. _ Apples were shown in all quanti- the from the five—apples-per-plate exhibit up to the big fifty—bushels exhibit. ‘All sections of Michigan Were represented by their choicest classes afforded the most 60mpetition. One large room was nearly filled with tables bearing the hate exhibits while the tray exhib- were'banked along the side of . Iat'same room. Apples packed 1n 2‘ bushels and barrels, occupied over Kilt of the display space alloted to V “uit, with i the seven fifty-bushel é‘xhibits "predominating. _ "A toatute'ot’the Show was the into vinegar will sell at say forty Associate lowing summer be- fore it turns into vine— gar and is ready to sell. It takes so long when nature, unaided. is allowed to take her course that the farmer would’rather sell the apples for a great deal less in the fall and realize on them quick— ly. Then too when spring or the next summer comes around he oft— en finds that the cider has not turn— ed into vinegar and in some cases has spoiled so that his apples are a total loss. er with the long wait for the money has reduced the amount of vinegar made on the farm to a minimum. In most cases the farmer only makes enough for home consump— tion and in many cases actually buys vinegar. ‘ Making Vinegar Scientifically However, by making vinegar scientifically all the trouble and ob- jections usually encountered could be avoided. Furthermore the cider could be converted into vinegar, sold and the money in the bank in~ side of two to three months. All this is made possible by the use of pure cultures of yeast and bacteria isolated and growu in sterile cider. These cultures are added to the cider as soon as possible after mak— ing and does the work quickly and well. The Bacteriological Labora- This uncertainty togeth-, “sang “rout-Avis R‘ ' Make Money 0.1 Large Apple .Crop by Making Into Cider and Then Converting Into Vinegar ' By F. ‘W. FABIAN Professor Bacteriology and Hygiene, Michigan Agricultural Collego' (Written Exclusively for TheBusiness Farmer.) tory of the Michigan Agricultural College, East Lansing, Michigan, has been sending out these cultures A for years to the farmers of not only Michigan but all over the United States and Canada and in fact to all parts of the world. It is one of the few places in this country where these cultures can be obtained and as a result the demand is yearly in‘ creasing. Not only farmers, but many people living in the cities lik- ing the flavor of good cider vinegar buy cider when possible and send for the cultures and make their own vinegar. Many vinegar factories. also, send for pure cultures with which to start their initial fermen- tation. The cultures are furnished at cost, twenty-five cents, and is done not as a money—making scheme but as a real service to the people of the state. In the scientific process of making vinegar, two cultures are. necessary. The first culture used is a yeast, (Saccharomyces ellipsoideus) which converts the sugar present in apples into alcohol. The cider is then known as “hard cider.” The second culture necessary is a bacterium. (Bacterium aceti) which converts the alcohol made by the yeast into acetic acid. The cider is then call- ed “vinegar.” The first process takes about two weeks and the sec- ond process about six weeks or more so that in about two months ‘ “'hf'n labor is vlelltiful' and one has the time the most profitable way to market the ample crop is to grade the apples and sell according to grade. using the culls for cider vinegar. But when labor is scarce and wages high and there is an abundance of fruit by making your whole crop of apples into cider vinegar you can market the crop at a profit where you could not otherwise. By CARL KNOPF (Special Correspondent of The Business Farmer.) fifty—bushel exhibit of apples which won first prize. This was grown by Wm. Weckler, of Ludington. Mason county. Composed of Northern Spies, :Snows, Johnathans, Grimes Golden, Wagners, and Canada Reds. with fruit of wonderful size and col— oring, and skillfully packed, this exhibit made a picture which alone was worth a trip to the Show. Second prize in this same class was won by W. H. Roach & Co.. of Hart, while third and fourth hon— ors, respectively, went to Crystal Lake Orchards of Beulah and to the . Benzie county exhibit. The South Haven Fruit Exchange won first place in the fifty-bushel exhibit, commercial pack, with a display showing remarkable uni— formity and excellent skill in pack- 1n . gPrizes for the best barrels of the different varieties were awarded as follows: Greenings, Jesse Pickett of Dutton; Johnathans, H. Schaefer & Sons of Sparta; Wealthys, L; F. Waid of Byron Center; Wagners, A. J. Dowd of Hartford; Snows, H. Schaefer & Sons of Sparta; Grimes Golden,- vFridasyanFOB? “girdeaiomifiy; McIntosh, W. H. "Roach‘="&“.Co.g of " Hart; Northern- Spies, Oscar Bra- man of Grand Rapids: Steele Reds. Farley Bros. of Albion. Son. Beats Out His Dad The individual bushel classes brought out splendid displays of the various varieties. Very sharp competition marked every class and the placings were close. Those following the judging were much amused when competition in the Northern Spy section narrowed down to a contest between Oscar Braman, well known representative from Kent county, and his son. Russell. The bushel selected by the sen was finally awarded first place and the dad had to be content with the second prime. When all of the premiums were totalled it was very certain who had done the most careful work, as Russell won a total of 27 prizes while all Mr. Braman could muster was 7‘. For purposes of competition in the plate displays the state is divid- ed into four sections. The Upper Peninsula was not represented this year but the sweepstakes winners for the best plates of apples from I'thewothar; sectidns were. ;, .3 Southwest,a ern;.Michigan,' :Steele Reds 'exhifgltted ~, em - « by Farley Bros. of Albion; NM 7 V. ‘ , V / , . l glgwhat’ .“qua or four at the most, ’it is possible by using pure cultures to produce a good saleable vinegar. This is quite different from six months or a year. In addition to this you are always sure of getting vinegar. Specific Directions for Making 1. Use good clean juicy apples. 2. Wash and scald the cider barrel thoroughly. 3. Fill the barrel about three- fourths full of cider. 4. Inoculate with vinegar yeast as soon as possible. 5. Store the cider at a tempera- ture of 65 to 75 degrees F. 6. Allow it to ferment until no more gas is given off. 7. Inoculate with vinegar bac- teria. 8. Allow to ferment until 4 per cent or more of acetic acid is pro- duced. 9. It is now ready for sale. If you keep it for home use, fill the barrel full, cork tightly, and store in cool place. \Vhat Is Vinegar? “Vinegar is a condiment produced by the successive alcoholic and acet— ic fermentation of a watery solution of sugary or starchy substances by certain yeasts and bacteria.” The Michigan Dairy and Food Laws (1917) define vinegar as fol- lows: (Act No. 384, Session Laws 1913), paragraph 67, section 2: “The word ‘vinegar’ as used herein is limited to a water solution of. acetic acid derived by the alcoholicl and subsequent acetous fermenta-. tions of fruits, grain, vegetables. sugar or syrups, and if not distilled must carry in solution the extract- ive matter derived solely from the substances indicated on the label as its source.” Law on Sale of Cider Vinegar Paragraph 68, Section 3 of Act No. 384: “No vinegar shall be sold or exposed for sale as apple or cider Vinegar which is not the legitimate product of pure apple juice. The term ‘cider vinegar’ as used herein shall be construed to mean vinegar: derived by the alcoholic and sub- sequent acetous fermentation of the expressed juice of apples, and which contalns not less than four per cent of absolute acetic acid. Cider vine- gar which during the course of manufacture has developed in excess (Continued on page 19.) 1923 Apple and Potato Show Finest Exhibition of Kind Ever Held in State Michigan, McIntosh e ' ' Rogbothen of Beulah.xmblted by R. . he plate of Delicious 5 Pickford Bros. was finally gxidgi the championship ribbon. Other exhibits worthy of mention were as follows: Individual plate display, won by L. A. Spencer of Klbble With 105 different varieties in the collection; Best collection of pears, shown by Taylor and Jager of Douglas; Ten bushel exhibit of apples, won by H. Schaefer & Sons 3f Slpartg; Fine lgushel apple exhib- , )y v usse Rapids. raman of Grand Some comment was heard through ~the show rooms that an exhibit from a single orchard which con- tained over 100 different varieties demonstrated very clearly the need 111 Michigan of st ndardizing on a few varieties. ' ‘fWonder Show” of Potatoes The- potato exhibit vied with the (apple display in extent, quality, and in interest.- Probably thousands of people who thought they knew all about potatoes, learnedfor'the first time. at the Show, what»;‘p0tatoes really are; .Lbng lines of?‘"‘tables,- each bearing piles of uniform and smooth tubers, ‘waswa rev ‘ it‘y" [means 111* m ‘ l a * Prom ‘ AIADE FROM DRIED APPLES—Types taken from the southern mountain district and immortalized in these dried apple dolls by Isabel Million of Knoxville, Tennessee. Every type of mountaineer is found in her collection which is the most unique in the wOrld. \ .....ae.'\ “3:11:an ALIERICAN CROSSES ATLANTIC OCEAN ON YACHT.—Dr. Paul Morgan, an intrepid young American who was snapped upon his arrival in Budapest from New York. Dr. Morgan braved unheard of perils crossing the Atlantic in his small yacht “Beat- rice” and his successful negotiation of the “drink of water” may lead other adventurous souls in following his trail. He plans to sail down the Danube into the Black Sea. NO REASON FOR DYING 0F DIA- BETES—Prof. Ralph ll. )lch’ee of (‘olum- bin. I'niversity, N. Y., says a remedy for sufi‘erers of diabetes is within reach of all. Through the new discovery, lntravin, relief can be had at about $3 a week, and in some cases the cost is less. , _ EDUCATORS RECEIVED BY PRESIDENT AT WHITE HOUSF.—Left to right is Chief Justice “’m. H. Taft, President Coolidge and Wm. Mather Lewis, new president of the George Washington University, Washington, D. C. A large gathering of Educators assembled at the “’hite House before the in- auguration of Mr. Lewis. “ADOLPIIUS” SM’OKES A PIPE.—Hundreds of pipes have “'ORLD’S LARGEST FL into condition. 600 pounds. SNAPPED AT THE TOP ’0 MICHIGAN POTATO SHOW, NOVEMBER 7th, 8th, tuba-T county, while in the background ‘you see the exhibit of the State Department of Agriculture. GERRIAN German mark is dain falling comes this one showing that the mark is However, we hasten to explain that the German boys find it cheaper to make kites from the currency than to buy them—and in this way is sending the mark flying Skyward. 1) of the statements that the rising. BIARKS RISE.—In direct cont 'adiction AG.— BEATS THE LADIES AT THEIR OWN WORK.-——John been sold by the suggestiveness of this clever machine nick- This flag, 90xl50 feet, was unfurled Myers. aged 19, of Blackburn, England, who engaged in named. “Adolphus”, and used in the shop of a. London to- on the front of the building of J. the “Hook, click" clash which animated London. Ranged bacconist, who invented it some. years ago. It is not merely' L’ Hudson (‘0‘, Detroit, November against him were seven of the cleverest women knitters. a toy but a working member of his staff for it puts a pipe lith, Armistice Day. It weighs but they were vanished in the semifinals. The contest took place in Sell‘ridge’s, London's biggest department store. ,, , .\ m. be view at the left shows a fine display of potatoes from Crawford At the right is a close-up view of one corner of the State Depart- ment of As‘rieulture exhibit. The show was such a success that it is planned to make it an annual event. . " ., (Copyright, Keystone Viewfcm J Loans For Farel‘s’ " Agricultural Credit Act—is Connecting Link Between Short Time and Long Time. [Mrlrge ‘ ually increased until the sows were 1 -' they could consume- " Agricultural Credit Act oi 1923, passed by our last Con- gress, supplies a very necessary credit link between short time loans necessary to farmers and the long this loans made under the Federal Farm Loan Act. It has been stated by those not quite familiar with ' agriculture and agricultural financ- ing that this Act would be instru— mental in bringing the farmer further into debt. This is not the case; as a matter of fact, this Act ' provided instrumentalities to be us- ed by the farmer in pulling himself out of debt. Through the banks established by this Act the country banks are furnished with the nec- essary capital for economical and successful crop production and can furnish to cooperative organizations the credits needed to orderly market the farm products of their member- ship. The Senate in February passed two bills, known as the Leroot and the Capper bills. The House, about the same time, passed a bill known as the Stone Bill. Later, the prin- cipal feature of these bills were combined, some few additions made and passed as the Agricultural Credit Act of March 4th, 1923. This Act created the Federal Intermedi- ate Banks and National Agricultur- al Credit Corporations. The purpose of these two types of institutions is the same. The meth- v ods of organization and operation differ somewhat, however. The National Agricultural Credit Corporations are privately owned and are limited in profits to a point where it is very doubtful as to whether any of these institutions will ever be chartered by the Na- tional Government. The limitations placed by the Act are such that an investment in these institutions would not look at all attractive to an investor. The business transacted under this Act Will undoubtedly be transacted thru the Federal Intermediate Credit Banks. I will give a brief digest of the organization and powers of these Banks: The Act provides for the estab— . lishing of twelve Intermediate Cred- ‘ it Banks. One to be lecated in each of the twelve Federal Land Bank Districts in the United States. The capital stock of these banks is all ' owned by the United States Govern- ment. Each bank has an authoriz- 1' ed capital of Five Millions of Dol- late on which there has been paid By JOHN H. KRAFFT THIS is the third of 'a. Series of four articles by John H. Krafft on financing the farmer. In the first article Mr. Kraffl discusses rural credit conditions in general; in the second, short time loans; and in this article he takes up Intermediate Credit Loans. The fourth article will ap- pear in the near future. : up to date One Million dollars. These banks are authorized to dis— count paper, or purchase paper, from any national bank, any bank or other financial institution or agricultural marketing association, organized under the state laws or any other Intermediate Credit Bank, provided the original loans were made for agricultural purposes in- cluding the raising, breeding, fat- tening or marketing of live stock. The credit banks may also loan dir- ectly to cooperative associations composed of persons engaged in producing or marketing agricultural products—such loans are to be se- cured by shipping documents, ware- house receipts or mortgages on live stock and may.uot exceed 75 per cent of the market value of the pro- duct, or of the live stock. There must be made provisions for main- taining this margin. The law provides limitations on the amount of paper which can be purchased from or discounted for any individual organization. The loans made must have a maturity at the time of purchase or discount of not less than 6 months or more than three years. For the present the Federal Farm Loan Board has made a ruling not to accept loans with a maturity of over nine months. However, as these banks progress this time limit 'undoubted- ly will be extended materially. The Federal Farm Loan Board sets the interest rate to be charged on these loans. The interest rate, however, may not exceed by more than one per cent the interest rate on the last bonds issued by the bank. These banks are not allow- ed to purchase loans where the rate charged to the borrower is in ex- cess of one and one-half of one per— cent of the rate charged by the bank. At the present time the rate; charged by the Intermediate Credit Banks is 5% per cent, so the bank will not discount any paper where the borrower has been charged above 7 per cent. The banks or cooperative market- ing organizations rediscounting notes with the Intermediate Credit Banks must guarantee these notes. Intermediate Credit banks are au- thorized, subject to the approval of the Federal Farm Loan Board, to issue debentures or bonds which are to be secured by an equal amount of cash or obligations held by the bank. Each bank may issue bonds up to a total of ten times its capital and surplus. This makes the, combined credit facilities of all these Intermediate Credit Banks Six Hundred Sixty Million Dollars. The Bonds of these banks may run from six months to five years. The rate of interest is subject to the approval of the Fed— eral Farm Loan Board, but may not exceed 6 per cent per annum. There is no Government obligations on these bonds. However, all of the banks in the system are liable for the bonds issued by other banks oi the system. The whole system is based upon the same general plan as are the Federal Land Banks. The Inter— mediate Credit Banks will go into the open market of. the Country for their money and will obtain this money through the sale of bonds just as the Federal and the Joint Stock Land Banks do. The secur- ity against these» debentures or bonds will be the notes given by farmers and which have been guar- anteed by Banks, a cooperative marketing organization or a live stock corporation. This gives the farmers an organization through which they can go_into. the money market and obtain funds. The bonds or debentures issued by these banks are by the Act declared instrument- alities of the United States Govern- ment and are exempt from all Fed— eral, State or Municipal taxation. The capital of these banks is not .ization which is examined. . ‘c taxable, however, any real "estate owned by these banks is taxable the same as any other real estate within the same jurisdiction. - In order properly function, the comptroller' of the currency of the United States is directed to furnish to such banks for their confidential use reports re- garding the financial condition at national banks with which the Cred- it Banks contempulate dealing, and also to make examination of organi- zations through which the Credit Banks are contemplating making loans or expecting discount. These examinations may, however. only be made with the consent 0! the organ- The law provides that- with the exception of banks, trust companies' and sav- ings associations organised under State laws, any organization, before securing rediscount privileges with the Credit Banks, must file written consent to an examination by Land 'Bank examiners. State bank and trust companies may also be re- quired to pass this examination. This gives the Intermediate Credit Bank ample opportunity to ascer- tain from official sources the financi- al ability of the organization with which they contemplate doing busi- ness. Each one of these banks must be examined by the Federal Farm Loan Board at least once ev- ery year and the results of such ex- amination shall be made public. In addition, each Credit Bank must furnish at least three times a year a detailed statement of its financial activities and condition. These re— ports are to be published in the local papers. Land Bank appraisers at the request of the Credit Bank and with approval of the Federal Farm Loan Board are authorized to in- spect the condition of products or live stock which serve as a basis for loans or discount with a Credit Bank. There are heavy penalties provided for in the Act for embez- zlements, for making false reports for the purpose of securing credit, or for accepting fees except as pro— vided for in the law. The Intermediate Credit Banks give a service similar to that «of the Federal Reserve Bank on agricul- tural paper with a maturity of not over nine months and are in addi- tion allowed to make loans on paper with a maturity up to three years. They are also allowed to make loans to cooperative, marketing and live stock companies and in a general (Continued on Page 17’) Highest Honor In Michigan Ton Litter Contest Won By Poland Chinas By V. A. FREEMAN Extension Specialist in Animal Husbandry, Michigan Agricultural College IXTEEN litters weighed above the ton mark at 180 days age in the Michigan 1923 Ton Lit- ter Contest. They were all fed for practical economical production without using any expensive meth- ods to induce rapid growth so that the lessons brought out by their reo- ‘ ords are of practical value to every swine grower in the state. A summary of the records of the ,winners show in nearly every case—— 1. The dams receivml either some protein supplementary feed such as skimmed milk. tankage. middlings, oil meal or legume hay, along with a limited amount of corn during the gestation period or 'else the ration was made up of a very small proportiOn of corn, bar- ley or rye for several weeks before farrowlng. This supplementary protein feed was considered especi- ally important the last 5 or 6 weeks. 2. The dam were managed so as to require them to take consider- able exercise every day during the gestation period. 3. A careful record of the breed- ing date was inept so that special at— tention could be given at tax-rowing time to provide a warm, clean, dry ‘penandtobeonhandtocarefcr new pies; . :43. The sows were fed lightly for two days to one week after {arrow- ing. but as soon as the pigs could ore milk, the feed was grad- 5. The pigs were encouraged to take feed by themselves at ages of three to five weeks and were well started on feed by the time they were weaned at 8 to 10 weeks old. 6. Feeds rich in protin like skimmed milk, butter milk, middl- ings and tankage were used for the pigs before and at weaning time, along with tempting foods such as corn, hominy, or ground barley, wheat and oats. . ’ 7. Alfalfa or clover pasture was used for the sow and litter and for the pigs after weaning. 8. Several of the litters were ted on self-feeder from before wean- while others were required to use more pasture the first three or tour months, but were full ted during the last two or, three months. The litters making the highest average weight per pig were full fed throughout the period. 9. The dams of the litters were larger than the average sow, but of a medium type, showing plenty of constitution, feeding capacity and great length and depth of body. and showed an active temperament. The position, weight and breed of the winning litters are given in the chart at the foot of the two center columns. The number of pigs in ing time throughout the period each littler and complete names and HOW WINNING 1m STAND Breeding M Number Weight of Sire of Du- et pigs puller Address let—2840* Pohnd QM.......10....._V. I. & Son, Jonesville. hid—4756 Duroc J J ...... 1......H. M. Bath. arc-4836 Poland D. J Leonidas. 4H404 Che-tes- P. . nth—2841 J_...............l stir—2378 a“... 7th—2 c. ........ Stir—3202 J 9th——2158 loch—2124 nth—~21” nth—4080 3th 95 3‘ 4th addresses of owners are also given. ’The firstfive will win in addition to help these banks to the gold medal to be awarded ‘ each of the sixteen, the cash prizes ‘ made possible by the contributions 4 of packing companies of Detroit, which are $50.00, $40.00, $30.00, $20.00 and $10.00 respectively. The heaviest litter in the contest also wins their producers, V. J. Brown & Son of Jonesville, the $200.00 ofiered by The. Poland China Breed Promotion Committee. The heaviest Duroc Jersey litter, produced by H. M. McIlwain of Bath, wins the $100.00 oiiered by i the National Duroc Jersey Record Association. White litter, produced by Fritz Mantey of Fairgrove, wins the. $100 oflered by the Chester White Rec— ord Association. the American Duroc Jersey Ass’n. It is interesting to note that while a Poland China litter won The heaviest Chester 1 V Ray Harold oi; Glad'win, wins the $50. offered by 3 high honors both in litter weight. . and average weight per pig, a Duroc 1 Jersey litter stood second, and a Chester White litter stood near the top. Every litter was sired by a ’5‘ " ' #3 us 1 NE; sis P. am in 2 (799%, 7; For dson "To put the farmer on a par with the city manufacturer. To put his pro- duce factory——for that is what a farm ’ is—on an efficient production basis.” Spurred by this ideal, Henry Ford brought the F ordson Tractor into being. Himself a farm boy, who had followed the plow for many a weary mile, no one knew better the need for quicker and easier. farm power. Producers in other fields were harnessing steam, gas and water power to drive won— derful machines which multiplied many fold the day’s work of the individual. ~ But the farm was at a disadvantage. This power machinery which brought such rewards in the form of bigger profits and better working conditions in the cities was lacking. A smaller income was returned in proportion to the work done. That the Fordson should never falter in making possible a better day on the farm, a score of years of patient work preceded it. Today on hundreds of thousands of farms it increases the [daily work done, adds to the farm income and allows a more pleasant farm life. Ford Meter: Company CARS ‘ TRUCKS ‘ TRACTORS Ask Any Ford Dealer Better _ Crops Less Work WITH 59.,th LIMESTONE SOLVAY is so easy to handle, so safe, so economical that it makes less work but bigger crops wherever used. Make this year a big- ger year—in crops, in profits. You can do it with SOLVAY. THE SOLVAY PROCESS CO. Sales Agent, Wins & Evans. Inc. Real Estate Exchange Building Detroit, Micll. ziéglllilllilllliii lillllllllllllllll Write for the new lime booklet—sent 'freel Tells you in- teresting profitable facts you should know about lime.i No Money Now! Send for this sensational bargain by first mail. We want you to see how Chase saves you big money. If you don’t think these warm hi-cuts are better value than the regular $3.00 quality elsewhere send them back and receive all your money. Famous Shrunk Wool y Knit IO-lnch Hi-cut Don’t confuse this wonder- ful quality with the ordin- ary inferior “pressed felt” pogtage article. This hi-cut is knit- ted from pre-shrunk wool that will out V wear several pairs of the cheaper grade. _ Order by MBF- 8392 CHASE CO. Dept. 207 . (Formerly Chase Shoe Co.) MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. ggIMS 91‘s “'41 mm” ' t g psi-Win all PROFITSEfill . Glazed .tile, wet-d and cement stave silos. Glazed and, un- filszed hollow building tile and AT FACE RESIDENQE BLOCKS“ Early buyers dis- count. Write for special agency propositionuzlstlonal 0| Pro- ucts 8 00.. Dan 1 Nut! Block. lunch. malaria: BEETFIELDS \ N the editorial of your issue of Oct. 27, entitled, “Child Labor in the Best Fields,” is certainly food for thought. ' It is an accepted fact that con- tract labor brings the whole family into the beet field from the time the blocking and thinning start until' the last beet is topped in“th'e field. However, in our opinion this use of child labor is not in any way comparable - to the employment of child labor in the cotton mills of the south because the season for blocking and thinning beets usually starts just about the time the dis- trict schools let out for summer vacation and in most cases the har- vesting is completed not later than two months after school starts in the fall. This leaves. about seven months of school for these children .and in most cases that have come under observation they are eager to make the most of their opportunity, sometimes excelling their more for- tunate class-mates whose parents never think of keeping their child- ren home to work. Thus these children of contract laborers cannot be classed as illiterate. However, we have found from experience that their presence in the fields is ob- jectionable from quite a diflerent standpoint. In about nine cases out of ten their work is unsatisfactory. Hand— ling beets is too heavy work for many of them and as their parents, are bound to keep them going the Work is done in a very poor man. { her. It seems to us that this contract labor is being paid enough that they can make a living wage without driving their children to the very, limit of their endurance and I be- lieve it is time that the beet grow- ers of Michigan who employ con- tract labor should say emphatically enough to be heard by every labor family that no children shall be brought in the beet fields to work. ——A. J. Davis, Shiawassee County, Mich. APPLAUDS LABOR ORGAN IZA- TION DITOR of M. B. F.:—-That Big Business should try to set farmers and workingmen by the ears is “Very natural” as neigh— bor Pecksniff used to say. That certain so-called farm editors should fall for its propaganda is not sur- prising, but to find it on your edit‘ orial page is nauseating. If labor gets.more than we do because it had the good sense to organize efiiciently before we began to wake up, whose fault is it? Instead of being jeal- ous, why not profit by their ex— ample? r To sneer at radicalism is easy and fashionable, but radicalism varies. There is not only the careless rad-— icalism of the puppy who digs up the pansy bed for fun, and the self— ‘ ish radicalism of the pig who roots up everything in hope of immediate personal gain. There is also the constructive radicalism of the gard- ener who goes to the roots of things in transplanting and cultivating. There are puppies and pigs among all classes, not excepting farmers. Every class, including organized labor, has some who try to follow the teachings of Jesus and many capable of following intelligent self— interest. On these depends the solu— tion of our problem. Most of them are farmers or workingmen, not be- cause these classes are morally su— perior, but because they are most numerous and teel'most keenly the enlightening pinch of circumstances. The interests of farmers and workingmen are not all identical. Even among farmers each commod- ity group has interests and' problems of its‘own. So also has each indus- trial group of workingmen.» No hu— FonEIGNEBs USE; CHILDREN iN' our legislative first time- in history real, ly represent the whole people. But just now we must use the system we have} which requires political parties. ‘ The strongest argument. against a new party just now is not the di- versity of interests among progres- sive citizens, but the fact that neith- er farmers nor workingmen see clearlyxenough yet to know exactly what they want. This may cease to be a fact sooner than We think. Anyhow the time is ripe for earnest mutual discussion and criticism, not aimless sneers. To probate such criticism and discussion every farin- er should read some good labor organ and every workingmsn some good farm paper. My, choice would be THE BUSINEss Farms and “La- bor,” the up-to—date weekly publish— ed at Washington, D. 0., by the railroad brotherhoods. , “Labor” costs $2.00 a year because it carries no advertisements. It you can't af- ford to subscribe for both, take Tum tBusINEss FABME: anyhow and ex- change with some‘ member of any railway union. But subscribe it you can and get some union man to subscribe for M. B. F.—eStacy Brown, Ionia County, Mich. DOING BUSINmS WITH BANK CREDIT EAR Sim—«Some time ago busi- ness was done with personal notes sent thru the mails. Now banks say that 95% of our business is done with bank credit. That is, 5 business men take their 30, 66, or: 90 day notes to the bank and the bank, for a fee of 6 to 10 per cent, passes on these notes and pretends they are money on deposit. or course the notes and the collateral‘ are the personality and property of . the borrower so it is his credit—mot bank credit, at all. But it seems odd to me that the business man does not take his note to the Cham— ber of Commerce and for a teen!- one per cent let them pass on his credit Chamber of Commerce and clear or swap them thru the Chamber of Commerce clearing house. Then by making public improvements by spreading a tax levy and issuing public improvement scrip we will find our new methods get twice as much as interest bearing bonds. In addition to that we shall miss the periodic panics when bankers tell the people their borrowers notes are no good, and refuse to allow them- to pretend to have money on depos1t 4 and mail out their checks to pay their debts. We are making pro— gress, but of course slowly. The farmer may well consider this idea, for his business is, not now, Averill, Grand RapidsLMich. and draw checks on the‘ very profitable. —— Ezra R. ‘ SEARS, ROEBUCK PLAN TO GIVE j FABRIth AID ULIUS Rosenwald, president of J Sears, Roebuck .s‘; 00., has an- nounced the establishment of the ,Sears, Roebuck Agricultural Re— search Foundation to determine es- sential facts relative to farming and v to study every phase of agricultural economics. " Their findings will be presented ‘ to the public as well as the farmers in order to acquaint the laymen with the farmers’ problems. In announcing that the founda— tion will be headed by the most cap- able men available in the agricul- tural research field, who will have a large start of economists and ate. tisticians, Mr. Rosenwald says: ‘As business men we feel a direct obli- gation to do everything we can to improve the farmers’ condition. A careful survey has revealed to us that where the farmer needs help is in economies in marketing his product. “We have, therefore. decided to establish an agricultural research foundation to deal exclusively with‘ the economic problems of the term. The task will be placed in the hands r hgggg ‘ an amount- or , M A“ indium '. ‘ SELL FURNITURE non STORAGE " CHARGES - . Want to ask a question. A wo- 'man moved her household goods here twelve years ago and nothing was said in regard to paying stor- age. She lives . in another state. How can I proceed to get these goods for storage? She is keeping house and has bought furniture to furnish five reorder—D. 10., Hartford, Michigan. ‘ ——-I would advise you to write a letter to the woman, notifying her that unless she removed the furni- ture, it would be sold for storage. If she does not remove it within a reasonable length of time you may sell it and deduct your storage charge from the proceeds. Before proceeding to sell you should consult a lawyer as to the proper steps to be taken in the sale to comply with the statute—Asst. Legal Editor. THRESHTNG SWEET; CIDVER I wish some information concom- ing threshing sweet clover seed. It is next‘to impossible to get a regular clover huller on account of no other jobs and hilly roads. Can it be threshed with a grain separator and afterward sent somewhere and have prepared for market? I will thank you for any advice or information you can give—A. B., Tustin, Mich. —-—A grain separator is very frequent- ly used in threshing sweet clover. When operated carefully no trouble should be experienced in removing the seed from the plants. If the hull is to be removed from the seed it is essential that the plants be thoroughly dry, otherwise it is im- possible to remove the hull. Also it is advisable to make a few ad— justments if the hull is to be re- moved. Alfalfa or red clover rid- dles should be used. The speed of the fan should bé‘reduced about half so that the seed will not be blown overfl Some operators set the con- cave teeth so that they run closer to the cylinder teeth than is cps— tomary when threshing grain. After these changes, only a very small percent of the pods will be removed if they are damp. If the plants have made a very rank growth, the machine may clog unless the number of rows of concave teeth are re- duced. All Of the larger seed com— panies have scarifying machines that are quite efficient in removing sweet clover hulls.———-C. R. Megee, Associ— ate Professor of Farm Crops, M. A. C. HURT WHILE BLOWING STUMPS I was unable to pay my taxes in 1922, they were payable in March 1922. Until what date must those taxes be paid to avoid consequences? I have rented my farm for one year to a neighbor farmer without ask— ing any return whatsoever. I made the arrangement with him that I furnish the powder to blow out the stumps, paying his time and labor. Should any accident happen in stor- ing or using the dynamite could I be held liable for the damages to health and property? Thanking you for your kind information—O. P., Emigsville, Pa. ——-As I do not have a copy of the Pennsylvania statutes, I would sug- gest you consult your county treas- urer on the first question, regarding payment of taxes. If you are hiring your tenant to blow out stumps on your farm for your benefit, and paying him‘ wages to do the work, you would be liable for damages done by his negligence while doing the work. Your liabil- ity would depend upon the exact nature of the arrangement or agree— ment you had with your tenant, and inasmuch as I do not have the de— tails of the agreement would not be able to» definitely advise whether or not you would be liable in your case. ——-Asst. Legal Editor. ,_.___.__.___.'.__._——. WHO 1s LIABLE ‘ FOR DAMAGE? Lam writing you for advice as to ‘ ‘ ' new—machinery s ‘ 1101; is mass. to‘ his a. ._ «as: m. cm. and loan». Home Manolo-mm \ new: as...” aerial...“ Pumps. careful attention at. I We no homo . stump, mad and hits horse and makes it jump and breaks wheel so A has to order another wheel, .before he can finish haying. Would like to know who is to blame when horse goes fast enough at all times so she doesn’t need whip used on her at any time, and as it was only carelessness that caused the machine to be broken. Would appreciate any advice you can give me.—A sub- scriber to M. B. F. Lewiston, Mich. ——Liability for damages in a case like this would depend upon the negligence of the person who caused the daniage. If the hired man was negligent in performing his duty thus causing the damage, he would be liable—Asst. Legal Editor. RIGHT TO BUY BOOKS Has any two of the school board the right to purchase books or sup- plies without the knowledge of the third ‘member?—-J. 8., Bloomingdale, Michigan. ——I would say that it is the duty of the director to purchase the neces- sary appendages for the schoolhouse and keep the same in good condition y I _— __— equipment. ._-r with the average. Check the cost of your farm machines gainst the rest of your investment— knd, buildings, labor, live stock, etc.— md your figures will probably agree Now is a mod time to inspect the condition of your machines. Most of them have been. used lately. Areany of them worn out? Are someof them so out of date thatit does not paytouse them? Arethere newmethodamdie market you should be adopting??Have and repair. append-- ages's‘hall includesetvor‘ wall maps, the grand divistons of‘ the United States and Michigan, a globe, dic— ‘ 'tionary, a reading chart, case for library books, looking glass, comb, towel, water pail, cup, ash pail, poker, stove shovel, broom, dust pan, duster, wash basin, and soap, and upon the order of the district board shall furnish the schoolhouse with such other apparatus and ma- terial as may be necessary in doing efficient work. The director shall keep an account of all expenses in- curred by him as director and such accounts shall be audited by the moderator and treasurer and on their written order shall be paid. No act authorized to be done by the district board shall be valid un- less voted at a meeting of the board. A majority of the members of the board at a meeting thereof shall be necessary for the transaction of all business—G. N. Otwell, Department of Public Instruction. MUST HAVE COWS TESTED Is there a state law to compel one to let a cow tester test his cattle?—-G. K., Pinckney, Mich. —From the address given it is as- sumed that you live in Livingston county. Livingston county is one of those counties in which Area Tuber- culosis Eradication work is under— way and the fact has been duly ad— vertised. Section 15A, which was added to ununs-nan".-nun-nu...-"unusual-unn-"nun-nuunn-un-nun-unfii ‘ About Farm Machines and the . McCormick—Deming Line HE U. S. Department of Agriculture has shown that farm equipment is one of the smallest items in the cost of . farming, the yearly avers e being only 4 to 8%.of the tot . Farm machines are sold for less money, pound for pound and quality for quality, than any other similar manufactured article. Yet in profitable farming there is nothing more important than good and labor? n m. .sfl-A machines that would save you money To help you take an inventory of your needs, we are printing the full McCormick-Deering line. The purpose of all McCormick-Deer- ing machines is to make farming better, easier, and more profitable for their owners. They are all useful, modern, and efficient. The Harvester Company’s work of standardization has simplified the variety of lines, combining many good features in fewer essential machines. Power farming is at its best where McCormick-Deming Tractors [15-30 and 10-20} are used with McCormick-Deming machines for draw- bar and belt work. They are made to work together. We will send you descriptive mate- rial, catalogs,.details asemsims and styles , many machineor l‘nrethat may need ', attention on your farm. the ad— Call on the McCormick- Deering be at Act 181 of the Public Acts of 1919- by the 1923 legislature, states in .part that “Whenever the Commis- sion shall have determined to test for tuberculosis all the cattle in any certain cou ty where bovine tuber- culosis erad, cation has been adopted, he shall give public notice of his de- termination by publishing a notice to that effect in one or more news- papers of general circulation in said county at least ten days before such testing shall commence. C a t t l 6 found to be reactors to such tests shall be branded, slaughtered when ordered by the Commissioner and the owners thereof entitled to such indemnities as in this act provided. It shall be unlawful for any person who owns, or who is in possession of, or controls any cattle, to prevent, hinder, obstruct or refuse to allow the Commissioner or authorized veterinarian to conduct such tests- for tuberculosis on such cattle, pro- vided that this section shall not ap- ply to steers properly isolated from other cattle—B. J. Killham, State Veterinarian. RAFFLES__ Will you please inform me if it is unlawful to raffle a car via tickets. Thanking you, I am, H. L.'R., New- berry, Michigan. ——-It is unlawful in Michigan toldis- pose of personal property by means of raffles, or lottery.———Asst. Legal Editor. l 'U..I..IIIII.’IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII-IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII a. ._ -wu m. l Cultivate“. Lher you been getting‘along withoutcertzfin yourservice. - . : INTERNATI ONAL. HARuESIER: COMPANY I J5 ‘ 606 So. Michigan Ave. gamma Chicago, 111. ,3. ‘ ' as . McCORMICKDEEKlNG ' b _ mmwgrmo mum ‘ a} g Emgag‘h—Bmam. : 7mm} ‘ . i Hug-gum CotnSh u m ' 7 V . ' M and swat: 0 mm m .. .. ' : Plantar-titan. " ' . hours a day . FAIRBANKS ~Moass cine Geo. Strahan, South Jacksonville, Fla., says: e ‘2’ engine which I have used for more than: year has exceeded our greatest expecta- tions. At times we operate it for stretches of “hours duration. Very economical. Requires ‘ no attention whatever." . . . P. W. Ostwald, '~ Baker, Oregon, says: “The ‘2’ engine bought in 1916 is the most reliable piece of ma cry I ever owned." Over 350,000 users have approved the "2" Engine. No matter what your power require ments. there is a "Z" Engine to exactly suit your needs. Over 5,000 dealers carry these engines in stock and will save you money on 1 I'LP. "2" Battery Equip!) . 54 I 111’. “Z” Magneto Equipt) 74 3 HP. "Z" Battery Equip!) 90 3 RP. "Z" Magneto Equip! l 10 6 H3. "2" gneto Equipt 170 f. o. b. factory Add freight to your town FAIRBANKS, MORSE 81. CO. “Contactursrs CHICAGO (850) — Clip Your Cows During stable months profits. Clip inc keeps cows free rom ' a n d hce. The quick. may, thorough way is with t e STEWART No. 1 Clipping Machine Price only $12.76 At your dealer’s or send $2.00 for this machine and pay balance on ur- rival. CHICAGO FLEXIBLE SHAFT COMPANY 5652 Roosevelt Rd.. Chicago 0 World's Largest Makersqf ‘ V Clip, 1'1 1& Shearing Mew-him Complete Catalog on request h CLASSIFIED IIIGHE'ST GRADE SOFT All) HARD GOAL. m mm we and sell at whatever silt {Sim (gummen now cremains over $.00 a No We put small amount wor TON COAL 00.. 365 o. yard or as. g in busin gm needed. B 1 Racine Ava. eguipment necemary. 0 son 'ssLsc s. L. K. o'ouaLsom'r goong - ked. . Elwin} nghiggw ‘1‘ .Ilave You. Bil-10?. An in THE MICHIGAN ' no .. ., FAME _Will swim ages/Money- Pam-4w!" M Inn-Mon "mln mmuun' PORTER. THE STANLEY G. FULTON, is opposed to these ideas. worthy one he, through his lawyer, they will. \ kind of people they are. country, he starts out. on the world. one of the cousins, where he tries to hire bond and lodging. he meets Miss Flora Blaisdell, another cousin who is a dressmnker. decide they cannot rent a room to him and supply him board and refer him to Frank Blaisdell’s, the third cousin. as a writer gathering material for a book on the Blaisdell family in this He calls on all of the Blaisdells and as of a relative by the name of Miss Maggie Duff he decides to call on the lady. He finds her living with her father, an old man who seems to have soured STORY TO DATE R. 60-year .old bachelor and possessor of twenty million dollars, calls on his lawyer and they discuss the dis- position of this large fortune after its owner’s death. The lawyer is in favor of giving the money to colleges or charities while Fulton He remembers that he has some and decides to leave the money to one of them, but first he determines to learn which one will use it to the best advantage. g ves, Before giving them the money grows a beard and, using the name of Mr. John Smith, goes to the town where they live to find out what Upon arriving in town he visits James Blaisdell, distant cousins To find out who is the each cousin $100,000 to use as While there They He gets a room there and, passing swam (Continued from Nov. 24th issue.) B. SMITH, in spite of his efforts to himself unable to confine his atten- tion to birth, death and marriage notices. Once he almost uttered an ex- plosive “Good Heavens, how do you stand it?" to his hostess. But he stopped him— self just in time, and fiercely wrote with a very black mark that Submit Blaisdell was born in eighteen hundred and one. A little later he became aware that Mr. Duff’s attention was frownineg turned across the table toward himself. "If you will spend your time over such silly stuff, why don’t you use a bigger book?" demanded the old man at last. "Because it wouldn’t fit my. pocket," smiled Mr. Smith. “Just what business of yours is it, anyhow, when these people lived and died?" “None perhaps," still smiled good— humoredly. “Why don't you let them alone, then? What do you expect to find?” “Why, I—I" Mr. Smith was plainly non-plused. “Well, I can tell you it’s a silly busi- ness, whatever you find. If you find your grandfather's a bigger man than you are, you’ll be proud of it, but you ought to be ashamed of it-——'cause you aren’t bigger yourself! On the other hand, if you find he isn’t as big as you are, you’ll be ashamed of that, when you ought to be proud of it—Jcause you’ve gone him one better. But you won’t. I know your kind. I'Ne seen you before. But can't you do any real work?” “He is doing work, real work, now, father," interrupted Miss Maggie quickly. “He's having a. woeful time, too. If you'd only help him. now, and show him those papers.” A real terror came into Mr. Smith’s eyes, but Mr. Duff was already on his feet. "Well, I shan't," he observed tartly. "I’m not a fool if he is. I‘m going out on the porch where I can get some air.” “There, work as long as you like, Mr. Smith. I lmew you'd rather work by yourself,” nodded Miss Maggie, moving the piles of papers nearer him. “But, good Heavens, how do you stand —” exploded Mr. Smith before he realized that this time he had really. said the words aloud. He blushed a. painful red.‘ Miss Maggie, too, colored. Then, ab- ruptly, she laughed. “After all, it doesn't matter. Why shouldn't I be frank with you? You couldn't help seeing—how things were, of course, and I forgot, for a moment that you were a. stranger. Everybody in Hill- erton understands. You see, father is nervous, and not at all well. We have to humor him.” “But do you mean that you always have to tell him to do what you don’t want, in order to—well—that is—" Mr. Smith. finding himself in very deep water, blushed again painfully. Miss Maggie met his dismayed gaze with cheerful amdor. “Tell him to do what I don't want in order to get him to do what I do want him to? Yes, oh. yes. But I don’t mind; really I don’t. I’m used to it now. And when you know how, What does it mat- ter? After all, where is the difiference? To most of the world we say, 'Please do,’ when we want a thing, while to him we have to say, 'Please don’t.’ That's all. You see, it’s really very simple—when you know how." ' “Simple! Great Scott!” muttered Mr. Smith. He wanted to say more; but Miss Maggie, with a mulling nod, turned away, so he went back to his work. Benny, wandering in from the kitchen, with both hands full of cookies, plumped himself down on the cushioned window- eeat, and drew a sigh of content. "Say, Aunt Maggie." ‘ "Yes, dear." o “Can I come ter live with you?" "Certainly not l”, The blithe voice and pleasant nulls took all the sting from the prompt refusal. "What would father and mother do?" ' “Oh, they wouldn't mind.” "Benny in V "They wouldn't. Maybe pa. .wouldTa “littlet'jlmttBW I’d like'rits". ' -. . “Nansen-a Bennyl" mu Mega-obs: ed to the little stand and picked up a. small box. “Here’s a new picture puzzle. See if you can do it.” Benny shifted his now depleted stock of cookies to one hand, dropped to his knees on the floor, and dumped the con- tents of the box upon the seat before him. They won't let me eat cookies any more at homo—in the house, I mean. Too many crumlbs.” "But you know you have to pick up your crumle here, dear.” “Yep. But I don’t mind—after I’ve had the fun of eatin' first But they won't let me drop 'em ter begin with, there, nor take any of the boys inter the house. Honest, Aunt Maggie, there ain’t anything a feller can do, 'seem so, if ye live on the West Side,” he persisted soberiy, Mr. Smith, copying dates at the table, was conscious of a. slight apprehensive glance in his direction from Miss Maggie‘s eyes, as she murmured:— “But you’re forgetting your puzzle: Benny. You’ve put only five pieces to- gether.” "I can’t do puzzles there, either." Benny’s voice was still mournful. “All the more reason, then, why you should like to do them here. See, where does this dog’s head go?" Listlessly Benny took the bit of pie- tured wood in his fingers and began to fit it into the pattern before him. “I used. ter de ’em an' leave 'em round, but ma. says I can’t now. Callers might come and find 'em, an’ what would they say—on the West Side! An' that’s the way "(is with everything. Ma. an’ Bess are always doin’ things, or not doin’ 'em, for those callers. An' I don’t see why. They never come—not new ones.” “Yes, yes, dear, but they will, when they get acquainted. You haven’t found where the dog’s head goes yet." “Pa says he don’t want ter gct‘ac— quainted. He’d rather have the old friends, what don’t mind baked beans, an' shirt sleeves, an' doin' yer own work an’ what thinks more of yer heart than they do of yer pocketbook. But Ms. wants a hired glrL An’ say, we have ter wash our hands every meal now—on the table, I mean—in. those-little glass wash- dishes. Ma went down an’ bought some, an’ she’s usin’ 'em every day, so's ter get used to 'em. She mys everybody that is anybody has ’em nowadays. Bess thinks they're great, but I don’t. I don’t like ’em a. mite.” . “Oh, come, come, Benny! It doeSn’t matter—4t doesn’t really matter, does it, if you do have to use the little dishes? Come, you’re not half doing the puzzle." “I know it." Benny shifted his posi- tion, and picked up a three-cornered bit of wood carrying the picture of a dog’s paw. “But I was just thinkin’. You see, things are so diiferent——on the West Side. Why even pa—he’s different. He isn’t there hardly any now. He's got a. new job." "What?" Miss Maggie turned from the puzzle With a start. “Oh, just evenin’s. It’s keepin' books for a. man. It brings in quite a lot extry', ma says; but she wouldn't let me have some new roller skates when mine broke. She’s savin' up for a chafin’ dish. What’s a chafin' dish? Do you know? You eat out of it, some we.th mean, it cooks things ter eat; an’ Bess wants one. Gussle Pennock's got one. All our eatin’ '3 different, ’seems so, on the West Side. Ma. has dinners nights now, instead of moons. She 83.13 the Pennocks do an' everybody does who is anybody. But I don’t like it. Pa don’t, either, an’ half the time he can’t get home in time for. it, anyhow, on account of getfln’ back to his new job, ye know, an'——" “Oh, I've found where the dog’s head goes," cried Miss Maggie. There was a hint of despeaation in her voice. 'I shall have your puzzle all done for you myself. if you don’t look out, Benny. I don’t believe you can do it, anyhow.” “Icantoo. Yourustseoiflean‘t!“ retorted Benny, with sudden spirit fall‘hzg to work in earnest. “I never saw a. puz- zle yet I couldn’t do i" Mr, Smith, bending addict—155 "org: and“ we "t. Md’”"~hfi~Wl§.§t the—tabloiihm'w . li'i'. A " "1',th . v GHAI’TEB‘VII‘ . ‘ '. l -. Poor Maggie and Some Others c It was half an hour later, when Mr. Smith and Benny were walking across the common together, that Benny asked on abrupt question. . ‘ “Is Aunt Maggie goin.’ ter be put in your book, Mr. Smith?” "Why—eruyes; her‘ name will be en- tered as the daughter of the man who married the Widow Blaisdell, probably. Why?" . “Nothln’. I Was only thinkin’. I hoped 'she was. Aunt Maggie don’t have nothin' much, yer know, except her father an’ housework—housework either for him or some of us. An' I guess she’s had quite a lot of things ter bother her, an’ make her feel bad, so I hoped she’d be in the book. ThOugh if she wasn’t she’d just laugh an’ say it doesn’t matter, of course. That's what she always says." "Always says?” Mr. Smiths’ voice was mildly puzzled. “Yes, when things plague, an' somethin' don’t go right. She says it helps a lot for just remember that it doesn‘t matter. See?" "Well, no,-—I don’t think I do see." frowned Mr, Smith. “Oh, yes," plunged in Benny; “ ’cause, you see, if yer stop ter think about it— this thing that's plaguin’ ye—you’ll see how really small an’ no-account it is, 811' how, when you put beside really big things, it doesn’t matter at all—it doesn’t really matter, ye know. Aunt Maggie says she’s done it years an' years, ever since she was just a. girl, an' somethin’ bothered her; an’ it's helped a lot." ' "But there are lots of things that do matter,” persisted Mr. Smith, still frown- lng. “Oh, yes !" Benny swelled a bit im- portantly. “I know what you mean. Aunt Maggie says that, too, 811' she says we must be very careful an' not get it wrong. It‘s only the little things that bother us, an’ that we Wish were different, that we must say ‘It doesn’t matter' about. It does matter whether we’re good an' kind an’ tell the truth an’ shame the devil; but it doesn’t matter whether we live on the West Side an' eat dinner nights instead of noons, an’ not eat cook~ lea any of the time in the house,—-see?" “Good for you, Benny,—a.nd good for Aunt Maggie!” laughed Mr. Smith sud- denly. Aunt Maggie7. Oh, you don’t know Aunt Maggie, yet. She's always tryin' ter make people think things don’t mat— ter. You’ll see !" crowed Benny. A moment later he had turned down his own street, and Mr. Smith was lei: to go on alone. Very often, in the days that followed, Mr. Smith thought of this speech of Benny’s. He had opportunity to verify it, for he was seeing a. good deal of Miss Maggie, and it seemed, indeed, to him that half the town was coming to her to learn that something “didn’t matter"— though Very seldom, except to Benny, did he hear her say the words. themselves. It was merely that to her would come men, women and children, each with a sorry tale of discontent or disappointment. And it was always as if they left with her their burden, for when they turned away, head and shoulders were erect once more, eyes were bright, and the Step was alert and eager. He used to wonder how she did it. For that matter, he wondered how she‘ did—«a. great many things. Mr. Smith was, indeed seeing a good deal of Miss Maggie these days. He told himself that it was the records that at- tracted him. But he did not always copy records. Some times he just sat in one of the comfortable chairs and watched Miss Maggie, content if she gave him a word now and then. He liked the way she carried her head, and the way her hair waved away from her shapely forehead. He liked the quiet strength of the way her capable hands lay motionless in her lap when their ser— vices were not required. He liked to watch for the twinkle in her eye, and for the dimple in her cheek that told a smile was coming. He liked to hear her talk to Benny. He ’even liked to hear her talk to her father—when he could con- trol his temper sufficiently. Best of all he liked his own comfortable feeling of .. being quite at home, and at peace with all the world—the feeling that always came to him now whenever he entered the house, in spite of the fact that the welcome accorded him by Mr. Duff was hardly more friendly than at the first. To Mr. Smith it was a matter of small moment whether Mr. Duff welcomed him cordially or not. He even indulged now and then in a bout of his own with the gentleman, chuckling inordinately when results showed that he had pitched his remark at Just the right note of con- trairlety to get what he wanted. For the most part. however, Mr. Smith, .at least nominally, spent his time at his legitimate task of studying and copying the Blaisdell family records, of which he was finding a great number. Rufus Blais- dell apparently had done no little “dig— ging” himself in his own day, and Mr. Smith told Miss Maggie that it was all a great "find" for him. Miss Maggie seemed pleased. She said that she was glad if she could be of any , help tohim. and she told him to come_ whenever liked. She arranged the Bible and the big. box of papers on a 3W so plalmy' ,' ‘ that she regarded him one of may. . . she? ‘ to. ,, TEXT: “And he came into all the regions round about Jor- dan, preaching the baptism of repentance unto remission of sins; * * * * The voice of one crying in the wilderness, "make ye ready the way of the Lord.’ "—Luke 3:3f. HIS prophet is John the. Baptist. He makes his appearance as a new spokesman of God in wonderful days. A new King has beenvborn. He receives the recogni- tion of heaven and the attention of wise men. The angels are guard— ing his every movement. So he is taken to Egypt and returns to Naz- areth, eluding the jealous and brut- al Herod. John announces that a new, free day is at hand,_ and a new and gracious Ruler. This is the be- ginning of the great and continuing revolution of all time; even the democratising and spiritualizing of all peoples. This revolutionary movement is being hopefully felt to-7 day in its onward sweep. It is roll— ing up billows across the sea, sub- merging the tyrany of European Herods. But, how dangerous is all this spirit and movement unless guided by Christian impulses! But let us look at this prophet. He says, “I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness.” And, to think of it, we are yet in the wild- erness of social, economic, and re- ligious entanglement. But John is the last prophet of the old days of oppression. He is Elijah which was to come to announce the_lifting of the ban upon religious freedom and social oppression. Jesus said so. In spirit, energy, looks, and man— ner, he is Elijah. He comes on to the stage so abruptly and right out of the desert like Elijah of old. In the Wilderness We see him struggl— ing and wrestling with God. From there, rough and ready, Heaven sends him as the courier of the new day. His proclamation is, “The Kingdom of Heaven is at hand.” What a pity, yea tragedy, the world has been so long appreciating this! Let us hope that we are in the re- birth, of Kingdom sureties for this, Our day. But the key—note of John’s mes- sage is repentance. It is the same olden call. But not having heard the prophetic voice for four centur— ies, his generation had grown indif- ferent and unbelieving. What would be our state were the churches clos- ed and the Word unpreached'for even a twelve-month? A literal hell. But into this day John comes with his rousing call to repentance for the day of the Lord is at hand. And to him this meant judgement. It meant cleansing the threshing—floor and burning the chaff with un— quenchable fire. But to his Jewish listeners, it meant complete domin- ance of the Gentile world, and that into they, the Jews, ,would come partial inheritances. And many Jews covet this ideal yet. They are saying in this new epoch, “Now we shall soon return to our own Pales- tine and sit under our own vine and fig tree to enjoy an exclusive para— dise on earth.” Even John’s concep— tion, which is not completely Christ— ian, would correct this notion. He says, “By the Kingdom, I mean that the King has come to establish hlS rule over your life; your thoughts Your and wills. Therefore repent. outward formal life has become nauseating, inviting judgement.” The multitudes said, “What then must we‘ do?” John said, Feed and clothe your needy neighbors.” The publicans said, “What must we do?” The answer came “Lower the taxes and cease extorting from your neighbor.” The soldiers asked hlm, “We, what must we do?” Said the prophet, “Cease violent and unjust oppression.” (see Luke context). How pertinent for today! “One hundred and forty-five thousand men, women and children, expect- ant mothers and gray—haired patri— archs have been deported from the Ruhr.” France, cease your oppres- sion. Bring ,back evicted families to their homeland. Where do you get your right to starve and terror- ize the _working population of a whole‘ nation, bringing you 'cicic stri.£e.,_.-,‘-and revolution? And, 0, ‘ America, there are. many working I V ‘ -in..:Leavenworth,_and for no _ ' “ he: '; ‘ ss- 1 And who of us can say today that they were not more nearly right? “Sweet land of liberty,” cease your opperssion. Hurry with your am— nesty. And all Christendom, we need not so much religious garb and sacramental form, as a robe of pur- ity, pentinence, and neighborly goodness. Surely, this is the great need of our day. The church is called thru prayer and service to anchor the world safely to this heavenly ideal. Why has it not been done already? Because church formulas and dog- mas are being idealized rather than the spirit of the Book. The spirit of the prophet would put social balance and self—denial into our lives. But we are self~complacent and refuse such a baptism. More Johns crying in the wilderness! Said Jesus, Jerusalem did not go out to hear a man who was clothed in “soft raiment.” And no Christ- ian today can move the hearts of one or many, if he is given to hank- ering after the sensualities of life. There is no place in the world of soc- ial obligations for a kid glove'd or soft—raiment religion. It is hypoc- ri-cy and the ax lieth at the root of the tree. . But let us examine the scene more closely. Were there any church folks in the audience? Mat- thew says the Pharisees were there.» Ah, the church leaders! But John hated them for their finely—woven and self—made religion. Worship- ers d‘f traditions and rules. Well, dare not the church have rules? Yes, but she dare not make rules. Her rules are already made and to a social outlook and end. This is the church that Jesus lived and died for; and this is the imperative of churchdom today. And the Sad— ducees, also were there. They treat— ed religion lightly and were a fair sample of the morally clean‘ and worldly-wise men of our day. When both of these classes asked for bap— tism, John says, “Ye offspring of vipers, who has warned you to flee from the wrath to come?” His words were rough and harsh. They had in them the hot sting of judg- ment. But the seared consciences of his audience needed just this. He wasnot f‘knocking,” but in his vig- orous way was just tearing ofl the mask of piety that they might see their sins and repent. John must have believed that honeyed words usually reveal no one’s sin, and no fruit is brought meet, for repent- ance. Now, here is a teaching not to be put off. Judgment comes along with the new day of redemption. It is associated with the Kingdom age, even now. We are suffering under heavy judgment now because of a lack of social politics and righteous living. Does it seem that some of the chaff must be burned up to save the wheat? Well, this isthe Bap— tist’s principle in action. The Bible says this principle is eternal and history makes it world—wide in scope. So, if we, our homes, and our country would be saved, there must come into our living that day of sorrow for sin and an amendment of our ways. So here is the prophet’s call. It is the red lantern of warning against the spirit of ease, of sensual comforts, of dollar-chasing, and of social seclusion and parasitism. Here is his announcement: “All flesh shall see the salvation of God.” Who will help. made ready “the way of the Lord,” the proph- et’s new day? . BleE THOUGHTS BE KIND TO THE ERRINGz— Brethen, if a man be overtaken in a fault, ye which are spiritual, restore such an one in the spirit of meek— ness: considering thyself, lest thou also be tempted—Galatians 6:1. THE WAY OF ESCAPEz—It shall come to pass in the day that the Lord shall give thee rest from thy sorrow, and from thy fear, and from thy hard bondage wherein thou wast made to serve.—Isaiah 14:3. KEEP THE WORDz—Whoso keepeth the word, in him verily is the love of God perfected: hereby know we that we are in him.——1 John 2:5. ' PRAYER l14101-1'I_‘0D.‘UC:-'—O Lord , “Gong-'I‘prayjthee, send at 00d 5 eed .‘t' «mam. “8' - p tmmy:— bets-«24:12: "shits; fivestsf rblade In’All'S‘l s ‘ . Breechlnglehe, tgfl Becker, Express, etc. some rnrmm Thousands Praise alsh Harness "The Walsh is strong- est. neatest. most con- venient harness I ever Heath, Penn Yan.N.Y . Mr. C. G. Anderson, Aitken, Minn., who bought his first Walsh years ago and bought new sets since for his other teams says:— "Walsb has buckle har- ness beat a mile." Mr. E. E. Ward, Sen- eca Falls. Wis.. says: "Have used harnessfor over 40 years. The Walsh is the best yet." dollar in repairs. 9 cents per year. on this new way of making harness, which is three POSt Yourself times stronger than buckle harness. Before you buy harness, let me send youa set of Walsh N o-Buckle Harness on 30 days’ Free Trial, to show you why this harness is three times stronger without buckles. better looking and handler in every way. If not Convinced. send it back at my expense. The Walsh is a. proven success on thousands of farms for over 8 years. Three Times Stronger Than Buckle Harness Buckles weaken and tear straps. Walsh llé-inch breeching strap holds over 1100 lbs. The same strap with buckles will break at the buckle at about 350 lbs. pull. Ordinary harness has 68 buckles. Walsh Harness has no buckles. Easy to see why Walsh , 13 three times stronger than ordinary harness. Packer's Northern Steer Hide Leather—best that can be tanned. Put 0113mm." Geo- COSTS LESS — LASTS TWICE AS LONG The Walsh Harness costs less because it saves many 3 Users show average repair cost of only _ No patching, no mending. because no rmgs to wear straps in two, no buckles to weaken and tear straps. Greatest: advance in harness making. Easily adjust< ed to fit any horse. Write today for new reduced prices. $5'-‘AFTER THIRTY DAYS’ FREE TRIAL Balance easy payments, or cash after trial if you wish. , for free book, prices, easy payments and thirty days' trial offer. also how to make money showing Walsh Harness to your neighbors. ‘ James M. Walsh, Pres., WALSH HARNESS C0. 420 Keefe Ave., Milwaukee, Wisconsin No in every state. . Write today Illustrations \. Endorsed by Agricultural C o 1 leg cs, Government Experiment S t a t l 0 ns. leading horsemen and thousands of users TMWA), has Buckles No F?!th ~3 , u w ill} v r" ‘ " "\ : - , “gt 1 \ 0 ' 1" i 33‘ J is .3 is! g 2,43%" [-1 'l -* Thaw: .m. "37% P'V‘JI r” , s .. \'. . ,,. . . .\ . ' I . $1045 Maxwell Sedan Given! On February 29. 1924, I will give a New $10-15 Maxwell Club Sedan ew Ford Sedan as second prize. and thousands of dollars in Cash Re- wards and other Grand Prizes. YOU might as well be a winner! Find 5 Faces—Write Me Quick! to the person who best follows my instructions; also a and Get 1,000 Votes Just mark five faces in the picture and mail today, with your name and address. You will receive our Surprise Gift and 1,000 votes as a starter. But every minute counts! So write Iodayl Ward Taylor, Mgr.. Dept. 83-09, Spencer. Ind. 4 Wears like Iron stands hardest out- door service. The farmers’ favorite. Most wear Famous name- Soles made from best part of hide. Uppers specially rctanned to resist water and barnyard acids. Roomy, comfortable. H-B Hard P Your store sells it. or can get it for you. All leather and all good leather The guarantee of3O years of honest workmanship are behind H-B dependable service and dress Good looking, long- Wearing, fairly priced. They satisfy your feet shoes for men and boys. and pocketbook . HEROLD—BERTSCH SHOE CO. Grand Rapids,Mich- Send for/rec booklet. We trust $7.50 down. to-metal harness construction. 8 , F11 per (lol- superiority. the raw-hide to the completed harness. Ask (or free harness book. down and easy payment one: can ‘ ‘ Metal-to-Metal Harness on Your Horses ou wherever you live. Only lay the rest monthly. Write for tree harness book. Learn allabout this improved metal- _ Metal wherever there is wear or strain. No old-fashioned buckles. First Olde-Tsn leather produced 70 a known throu hout America for ltsarzrggufige'd lde-Ten harness is made by a ten- ner-manufacturer who follows every step from Write for Free Book Learn all h t . end the Olde-a‘inwmqg? BAnsnoN 55:05.. 0691.33-09' ISQII Street and "lull-ll Blvd.. Chicago.”- ‘ .23? W.T. Greathonse, on. 110.. writes: — "Roo'd ., L. saved from you." ' are e Gates suggests V -¢.-=3--iwn 'mmc .4 -~«. ‘4 .. ROOFING ‘ . m fight Paid prizes “yummy: .m‘ ‘ --- W0. placcable. Govern; b weighl Without springs. Fxll-l hours now with a go Albion. dula. ov me direct to D Albion. Albion steel and wood mills are me and powerlul. One-third (he «mgr-k} my puff! of any other mill. nly mam Pilman beefing subjecl lo wear. This is oilleu, snd.eauly m dependable my I 4-pou sleel lower. Why no! shorten ourdmn . u . ’- Tlus Is your chance—F. O. 8. line! it youselL All you Union Steel Products Co. _ t. afilchfié U. 8. . A. ,. _,,.‘ Jinx-fidom‘” N v ‘ Bus proven by the more. progressive farmers and handicapped as they are by high insight ‘ no Witt! SATURDAY, 8, 1923 Edited and Published by TH! RURAL PUBLISHING GOIPAIY. Inc. GEORGE M. sLoch, President Mt. clement. Michigan I“ by seen u Minnes .389! ted anti" Yigrmka CM. 8t. DO I Hber of Agriculth Publishers Amociau‘on Member of Audit Bureau of Circulations e Milon Grinm-ll Mam W Mm Annie Ta lor Farm Editor Frank D. Wad mm is “sums “rm kg, as William W. Sign-unn- Treesur er Henry F. Hlnkim Phat superintendent ONE YEAR 8013. TWO YEARS .1. FIVE YEIR8 $3. The date following your name on the address label show When your subscription expires. In renewin kindly send this 11901 to avoid mistakes. Remit by check. draft. money-order or W letter; stamps and curren are at your risk. We achowledle by first-class mail every dgilsr received. Advertlslno Rates: 45c sate line. 14 lines to the column inch, 772 lines to the mug" Flat rota. Live Stock and Auction Sale Advertising: We offer special 10' rates to reputable breeders of live stock and poultry; write “8- RELIABLE ADVERTISERS We will not knowm‘ 23v accept the advertis' ing of any person or who we do not be eve to be thoroughly honest and reliable. ild any reader have any cause for complaint anmst an! 36' her in these columns, the. would appreciate an un- ate letter bringing all fee to In every case when W n! gay: "I .saw your advertisement in The Michlnn Bumneel Farmer! It vull guarantee honat dealing. " The Farm Paper of Service ” THE LONG LOOK AHEAD “It seems to me that the long look ahead for agriculture was never so bright as it is at the present time. Increasing living standards are continually broadening the demand for the products of the farm. Our national population is increasing by 'more than two million mouths and backs annually. So it is true that urban popula~ tion is growing more rapidly than rural. This is not necessarily a matter of alarm. Rather it is indicative of a healthful devél- opment. It means that our domestic mar- kets are growing and that soon—probably within the next dccade———home consumption will absorb out troublesome surpluses. Then should the business of farming be better than now and country life advance along lines of permanent well being. “The present crisis has accomplished one result for agriculture which is well worth while. It has called the attention of the whole country to the farmer and his prob- lems. It has brought a realization not only to the hard headed business man of the city but to the laborer and the housewives that their interest is closely identified with the welfare of the countryside." game 58%33 . HE man who delivered the above very sens- ible analysis of the present situation in which agriculture finds itself, is none other than Joseph R. Howard, former president of the American Farm Bureau, who made a good name for himself in a hard job. His opinion has been confirmed by any num— ber of clear thinkers who are not out for politic- al posrtion or some other juicy plum which they hope to reach by stepping on the backs of a de- pressed class. “But farmers in my néck of the woods are still discouraged and many of them are selling ‘ out to go to work in the automobile factories!" No one knows that betters than we do, neigh- bor! We don't argue for a moment that things are right—not by a long ways! But we do claim, and we can prove, that things are getting better for the farmer and to get discouraged now, throw up the sponge and sacrifice years of hard labor in building up a farm is the height of folly and most of the so—called "farmers" who are doing it, will be back looking for a job as “hired man" in the neighborhood which they left before many years have past. Clip this out, paste it in your scrap-book and look it up a year from now—«then tell" me how far we were wrong in this rather (we cheerfully admit) amazing prediction in the last month of the year of our Lord, 1923. APPLE AND POTATO SHOW A SUCCESS 0 one who visited the Second Annual Apple and Potato Show in the Klingman Building at Grand Rapids last week could go away without being impressed with the progress Which is being made in better preparation of our prod- acts for the market. ’ As we have so many times pointed out, Mich- igan is so located in proximity to the great con- suming markets and to the enter of population . that it should be one of the most profitable .ta‘rming states in the United States. , The way to profitable markets is through making products attractive for the market. This is today an unchallenged fact that has been orcherdlsu from the great Northwest, when ' rates. they have so pr cred .e’n that they command a" fancy" price from the-con- sumer in the East which more than overcomes their handicap. - The directors. of the Michigan exhibition may * well be proud of what they are accomplishing, not only through the growing attendance at this annual show but also through its influence 'on the industry as a whole in our State. The leading growers in each division here meet in competition and place before the public the products of their handiwork and the accomplish- ment of their year's effort. So long as men compete with one another for supremacy there can be no stagnation and only an improvement in whatsoever line they may attempt. WHY STOP IMMIGRATION? ~ ‘N our opinion the farming business in America would gain greatly by taking down the bars which limits immigration to the negligible number who are admitted today. ‘ . In our opinion an influx of labor from Europe of the right kind, would bring down the cost of manufactured goodswhich the farmer buys, and increase the local-consumption of American growu farm products. ‘ So far we have not seen any farm leaders 0 organizations stepping forward with such a pro— gram, which leads one to suspect that they are more under the domination of the labor unions than we would like to admit. - Obviously we believe in a selective system ' which selects the immigrants on the other side for his capabilities as a worker. We would let in the entire family of any man who could prove that he was a worker, in an industry beneficial to this country. " Europe is teeming with millions who would like to come to American. We need them here, at least, these who are of the type who immi- grated in the early days, to this country, and pioneered its progress. , We believe that a wide open invitation to the right kind of immigration at the present time, would be helpful to American agriculture. BR'ER RABBIT, HE Ali‘I'T SAYDI' NOTHIN‘ ROBABLY no president who has sat in the P chair for many years, has been more in sympathy with or anxious to please the farmers of America, than Calvin Coolidge, and yet his record of achievement to date is, so far as we can see, nil. ' It may be, however, that we are short-sighted, and as a matter of. fact, the steady hand of a quiet man who makes his decisions slowly and will not be lead by radical demands made from isolated factions, is exactly what American agri- culture needs to reestablish its equilibrium. No one can accuse President Coolidge of not listening at least to their demands, whether or not he acquiesces to them. During October and November it is said that the President saw more than ten ofi‘icial delegations from the agricul- tural districts, covering the whole range of de- mands, from those presented officially by the American Farm Bureau to those laid down by Magnus Johnson. .Somehow or other Calvin Coolidge in the White House always reminds us of the old Uncle Remus story, we used to read in childhood days, and in which appeared the line we never forgot, “Br’er Rabbit, he just kept on sayin' nothin'!” -We cannot believe that our President is not capable of arriving at a decision. We do not believe that he is afraid, as some would have us believe because of the proximity to a president— ial election. We know that he must make a record for himself of actual accomplishments if he hopes to win at next year’s polls. We do not happen to be numbered among those who believe that American agriculture is headed for the scrap heap. On the other. hand we think it has been on the mend since June, 1923. The old pendulumis swinging the other way now, and the farmer is coming back into his own, but he is not going to do it with the. help of the labor, or other political parties which have been riding on velvet while he took the hard knocks. I We look for the future adjustment to come from the reduction in the price being paid union labor for their manufacture of articles which the rural community of the United States must pur- chase, rather than a return of war-time prices for farm products. . ' ' The average union scale today tsuwell over a dollar. an hour. in many trades, and yet the. price of farm products does not measure up to this level above the .1913 price of labor; It must be- apparent where the readjustment in the fu- ture must come. ‘ s .ural Mathew-mm " mi: that i any radical move. such segp fixing.“ arisen raising, 'or financing- exports, would [only react as a boomerang to the who ac‘c‘e'pted it as a solution of the present problem. In the meantime, Br’er Rabbit he just keeps on ssyin’ nothin' and perhaps we would 'be bets oer pi! if a lot of other would-be champions I would adopt the same policy. - COOPERATION IS A SUCCESS . ECAUSE here or there a local. or state on- B operative marketing association ,makes a failure is no reason whatsoever for the in- dividual farmer to lose confidence in the general principle of cooperative marketing as a solution . to his present problems. Recently a speaker before the Western New York Fruit Growers Cooperative Association at Rochester said: “Great strides have been made in cooperative marketing all over the country. Cotton growers last year sold cooperatively more than a quarter of a billion dellars worth of raw cotton. The tobacco growers are organized in the tobacco growing states from‘Connecticut to South Carolina, and a very active campaign is- on to organize the wheat industry in the West. Plans are now being made to organize all of the fruit sections of the country. After these sec- tions are organized locally, it is planned‘to fed- erate them, so that each may know what the other is doing and plan its sales policies accord- ingly. It is hoped that with such an organiz- ation it will be possible for one to buy good apples in every section of the country just as readily as oranges can be purchased today." Cooperation in America is a success, just as it is a success in every civilized country under the sun and our sons and daughters will scarce- ly remember the days when their dads and granddads, each made his own price and sold 1...,- products of his farm in competition with the whole wOrld! Stand by your cooperative mar- lwzim association—even if it hurts sometimes. Stand by it or someday you’ll be standing alone! SELLING APPLES BY THE QUART HE orchard is a department which ought to pay a profit on every farm in the State of Michigan because we are blessed with a climate and a geographical location which makes fruit growing one of the most profitable of our money crops. Doubtless some of our readers will question this statement in view of the low prices paid for the -run of Michigan apples this ,year, but we challenge them to prove that any’ apple-orchard owner who sprayed, cared for his orchard and properly graded his fruit for market this fall did not make a profit from his crop. ' Most of the apples which are left to rot on the trees because the farmer does not think they are worth picking can be charged to the neglect of their owner rather than the condition of a market working against him. That there is more than one way to sell even the ordinary run of the apple crop is proven by Prof. Fabian’s article “Selling Your Apples, at 3 Profit," which appears on page 4 of this issue. This should be read and preserved byevery man who has an orchard on his place. BABIES. WERENEVER OUR ENEMIES ECAUSE God sees fit to have a human soul born on German soil does not make that morsel of humanity our enemy. We doth if you could tell, if they were laid before you in a basket, with chubby hands and pink toes up- turned, which of three was an American, English or German baby. ~ Hate‘ is not born in babies. We teach hate, in the later years to children. So if today, when German babies are dying for want of. proper nourishment, generous hearted America, comes once again to the rescue of stricken humanity, these same babies will be tought not hate, but love for this country by their grateful mothers. A- subscriber who read our editorial on this page in the 'last issue entitled "Help for Ger- many," sent a contribution with the suggestion that we starts fund for German babies. This we are doing, as you will note. on page two of this issue. ' '5 THANK YOU. MIL, GERKS H _ NOTICED in _Wednesday§s “Christian Science Monitor" part ef'your editorial of November ~ 24th. More power to you. When you a paper of the high standings! “The monitor” to quote your in show that you “eclectic tines I .Soumiism is ,at- the, and been my “perm _ "..m!a.;;s enamels , ' .. “a . v.8]! W OARD'SCHOOL , “Since we are not _ fortunate Chongh to live in the bean district of Michigan I am asking your advice on the West Angus Show Card - Company of Toronto and theiroffer. Will you find out for me if this con- cern is trustworthy and their offer worthwhile for one. who might have a few hours to spare each day? From a reader who greatly appreci- ates the ‘farmers' friend.‘ " WOULD not send the show-card company any money because this is another scheme which I have never found to work out satis— factorily.~ It you are still (interest- ed after reading this, ask this com- pany to tell you of a satisfied Stu-I dent in Michigan, then write or go and see‘ this person and satisfy yourself before spending any money on such a scheme. ADDRESSING MUSIC CIRCULAR . "I saw an advertisement in one of the magazines a few days ago telling how I could make money in my spare time by addressing music circulars at home. I answered the ad and they agreed to pay me 10 cents per copy for all music that I addressed and wanted me to send $2 for a Working outfit. Well I sent the $2 and they sent me 80 copies of music to sell. Isn’t this obtaining money under false pretenses? .I wonder if you can do anything about it. At least you can probab- ly keep some of our subscribers from getting stung. I am enclos- ing the two letters. Thanking. you for anything that you can do.” , ES, friend, this scheme has all the earmarks to us of getting money under false pretenses, but it has been worked so long we presume the post office department has passed upon it as being not fraudulent. Otherwise they would have been put out of business long ago. . All we can do is to reprint the warning which your letter gives in the hope that we can make a know- ledge of this scheme so common that none of our readers at least will ever be taken in by it. GERMAN MARKS FOR EASY MARKS! I'wonld like to get your opinion about the German money that is be- ing peddled around this country. Of course we all know that it isn’t worth anything now, absolutely nothing, but if the German republic stands Won’t that money be redeem- ed sometime at some price. They are also selling a bond on the City of Bremen, a 4% per cent bond to be redeemed in ten years. Which would you consider to be the best gamble, the bond or the marks? If the German republic falls would not the bond some day have a value at some price? 0U can buy German paper mom ey for the price of waste paper. Some New York brokers have had offices papered with it, and there are millions of loyal citizens in all parts of the world_who have lost probably more- than the entire Hamount of the German reparations! To buy either German money or German bonds at this time with the idea of ever profiting by their pur— chase, would be the heighth of spec- ulation in our opinion. SEWING GLOVES AT HOME RE any of my readers employ- ing their spare time and using their own sewing machines to make gloves for any concern? I have been asked about a company with head uarters at Avon-hy—the— Sea, New . which sounds like tn mums enough place to spend .he Summer, but does not impress me especially as a glove-manufact- ing or distributing center. There mints at idle hands and more idle m ln'hfichigan and if this to make canvass practical gloves at home, I would like to know . more about it. “THE WAIB OF WOMEN! ' "Asmara tryinztoexposeall fiefitlereat frauds ' that are adven- hwthe didsreaizpapfsrs, I wig m smiths outl e 0 one.‘ ’ . mm w advertised. is the intention of the directors to . holders will be considered first in our purchases."—-Gideon President. v . large bust, and it said, “send $10 for a ten days’ free treatment, and 'your bust“ will developelquite a lot in that time.’ So my friend sent the $10 and received some tablets to take inwardly,_also some salve to rub on her bust. She followed the directions for two days and was taken so sick she had to call -a doc- tor. It had poisoned her’ kidneys and she could not pass urine for al- most 24 hours. She was so week she had to go to bed, and' there she stayed for three weeks and a half, and then was hardly able to creep around the house. During the time she had to live 'on nothing but milk and water. That was two months ago, and she is still sick, and the doctor says he does not know as she will ever be well again. And he - says it is nothing that caused it, but The medicine was analyzed, and it con ned two dead- ly poisons. One kin was to make your flesh swell up and by rubbing the salve on your bosom it was sup- posed to swell the most there. “Please do not sign my name, as my friend does not want anyone but the two doctors that attended her to know what caused her sickness. “We like your paper just fine and always intend to take it. We get so much good from it. “Oh! yes, can my friend collect any damages from this firm for sell- ing her medicine that poisoned her. She is a poorwidow. with several children to support. And she is very hard up. Please do not describe her in your paper, as'quite a few of our friends take your paper and my friend is ashamed to let them know what made her sick. “Thanking you for all your past, and future kindness, as you have helped us so many times, by your advise, and also by making the col- lege in Ohio settle for the typewriter they sent me that was no good."— L. H. NE might smile at the above re— 0 cital of one woman’s attempt to recast herself in the mold of Venus, were it not for the pitiful picture which her condition today presents. When, 0, when, will some women learn that the qualities which the right kind of men admire are not to be found in drug—stores or contained in bottles or jars! There is nothing to be added to the moral which this letter reprinted here will, I hope, carry to my readers. the medicine. MICHIGAN DAIRY AND FARM PRODUCE COMPANY EVERAL recent inquiries regard- ing the above company led us to an investigation, which dis- closed the following facts as sub- mitted by Gideon T. Bryce, its pres- ident. Mr. Bryce, formerly a resi— dent of Romeo, Macomb county, op— erated a large dairy farm and en- joyed, we believe an excellent repu- tationjn his community, he says: ‘This company was chartered un— der the laws of the state of Michi- gan, with an authorized capital of $500,000.00, and on June of the present year the Michigan Securitites Commission authorized us to sell stock to the extent of $200,000 for our first issue. “The shares are in the sum of $10 each, fully paid, and it may in— terest you to learn that we already have subscriptions to the extent of approximately $80,000 represented by nearly 1,000 stockholders of which 90% are farmers, resident within an area of ninety miles of Den-cit. “Three months ago we purchased as a going concern, the business, good-will and plant of the Birming- ham Creamery & Ice Mfg. Company, and this constitutes the first unit in our plans to establish ourselves in areas, so that we can take care of the milk of our farmer stockholders. .“In addition we purchased as a going concern the' business of the Birmingham Dairy, Birmingham. “During the summer of 1924 it open a chain of “Cash and Carry" stores in Detroit through' which we shall dhtribute not only milk, but all other farm produce. Our stock- K~_._;__‘ in the “Hearth and Home." There was a picture of a woman with a, : ‘ A «2035) First Mortgage Real Estate Goldgondgl «Each month sees an increasing number of farmers choosing Federal first mortgage bonds for their surplus funds. Write for Booklet A01085 Tax Free in Michigan , Free from Federal Income Tax of 4% .. 4 '6V2% FEDERAL BONDS Are Better Bonds “‘5’ FEDERAL BOND & MORTGAGE COMPANY FEDERAL BOND & MORTGAGE BUILDING, DETROIT Make Your Farm Loan I SAVE - FOR - YOU I, I The Federal Farm Loan Act, passed by Congress, gives you the opportunity to make the systematic payment of your farm loan an easy matter. Loans run from 5-33 years without renewal. A regular pay- ment of interest and 1-2% of the principal every six months pays the entire loan in 33 years. No Commissions Reasonable Rates PROMPT SERVICE This service is available to good farmers who own good and well managed land. Write The First Joint Stock Land Bank of Cleveland Chartered by the U. 5. Government. Guardian Bank Building, - - Cleveland, Ohio LaGrippe Stops 9 c0”) Wm .. ; . Pneumonia 't, _ Keep strong Be . gwfisogg‘rdsanay: . . l — "it a . LOBSawl Wad firwrmuaaw 91?; runaas’aasumsttw "- quack" est achng,‘ most dependable remedy. What Hill's does for millions it windoforyou. Gctrcdboxbcarmg Mr. magma“; Price cents. ‘ . NINE wwwugm mambo nun-0mm facto WM “5' I'll! WW“ Encydopedh” ~ 2 “final-u murscrunlml co. sols s s P u u Toancco. nv: pounce Chewmg, $1.75, ten. 3. , twenty 85.25: s a an pounds. 31. a. ten, 32.06. mm. llama...“ rgcngmd. paxdfievfiboxr abnflim 00.. Padusah. Ky. IAN-.6110 To use non-mu. ax- um Iago «Lamas—a In use in Bryce. pond as Railway Tn. Impact". Posi- knows the dairymen f n guaranteed after compl of a m ' muchtabh connectl’on as our h", . home study courses or me Excel- 111.13.th ... g tics. Write for Boo 0—165 young man. » our .. u. . BUSINESS TRAINING INST. uifalo. .B. '1‘ v? 14‘ (206i WHO IS SANTA omusz - H0 is Santa Claus? The mystery - seems to have no clue; ‘ But I’ll tell you how to solve it. ‘Santa might be you. If you found some lonely children With no Christmas tree, ' And gave them one, or shared your own, You Santa Claus would be. Some poor children have no Christmas! It is sad, but true; So remember! Who is santa? Well, he might be you! CHRISTMAS FOR OUR CITY RELATIONS must be a problem to think up something useful and attractive for- our city relations. We feel as if it is impossible to buy the de- sired gift within our means. I wonder if you have ever though of sending a lovely box of food— stuff done up in a pretty package. You know a nice fat chicken or goose is one of the finest gifts to a city family. The old law of compensation is always with us whether we recog- nize it or not and we who live on a farm the twelve months out of our year can hardly realize the wonder— ful things and sights we see every day compared to the family of like circumstances in the city. It is next to impossible to purchase the lovely fresh foods that you folks en- joy every day and just take it for granted that all the people in town have the same by just buying. This is not true at all. ' There are a great many boys and girls away at school who cannot get home because of distance and ex— pense. Can you imagine the real joy of opening a box from Mother with a lovely fruit cake and some homemade jam or jelly? Maybe a cooked chicken and a box of their favorite homemade candy. I feel sure that such a gift would be most highly prized when opened so far away from home. \Vhat could be more intimate or better loved? A good strong box and each ar— ticle wrapped in bright Christmas paper and ribbon would be a very attractive and most appreciated gift. There isn’t a boy or girl, or sister or brother. whose mind would not wander back to the farm home and its spacious kitchen, with Mother walking to and fro prepar— ing the dainties for them. It was only a few weeks ago I had a birthday and the package came just the day before, timed just right so I would receive it on the right day. A pair of pillowslips with lace crocheted on the edge by Mother’s own hands. It meant so much to me to know of the many times her hands went in and out making the lace and the pillowslips more beautiful. I knew of the ef- fort it must have been for her, and the care she took to have them just right. The box was just a plaln one, but Mother must have found a large colored rose in some maga- zine and pasted it on the cover to make it look more attractive. It is always the little extra effort and way you wrap your gifts that help them count for so much be— cause of your efforts in making them more attractive. Let us all try this year and wrap our packages up with more thought and care as to their appearance. . The bright red tissue paperus very popular and is giving the white tissue a race for first place. The five-and-ten—cent stores all carry the bright ribbons and cord and seals to make the gifts attractive. BOOKS FOR THE HOME OOKS for the home ought to be choosen with a view to prepar- ation for a life of American citizenship and a clean wholesome mind. Christmas should bring Its share of good reading for every member in the family. This would include religion, government and what is termed general literature. A supply should be at hand, not only as a source of study to furnish knowledge and information, but for amusement and entertainment in hours of relaxation. Every member of the household should have some special readlng that he or she is fond of. Nothing outside of study, can improve our minds 'or broaden our vocabulary more, than good wholesome read— mg. , The first that Iwould suggest for the family‘would be to have some good farm magazine coming regu- has been for me. every Women’s Department. that you will have given. will send them just as soon as they arrive. I expect your cooperation on this very, im- portant subject. hesitate to write. partment is one of service. Edited by MRS. ANNIE TAYLOR EAR FOLKS:—This last month has been a. full one for most of us and I am sure you will all agree with me when I say that it I want so badly to give you all the new ideas and holiday suggestions that it has crowed out our personal column and recipes that you readers have so kindly sent in. one and hope that you will soon see them on the pages of our In the last two or three issues have been home-made ideas and designs for making the work easier and also more attractive. member that if you have thought up some clever idea, it is very lovely of you to share it with the rest of our readers. and give us the measurements and maybe someone among us will be waiting for just that very article. I received so many letters asking for the “Hot Lunch Bulletin" that I soon finished my supply and am expecting more every day. - I 5 «f, , 5,, 4, ' 83.32? a 4 ,,,,,,(,.,4,\ Address letters: Mrs. Annie Taylor, care The Business Farmer, Mt. Clemens, Mlchlgan. I am keeping Re- Draw up your object Can you imagine the happiness Til 4-1-5?“ ‘1 lar. Of course we think THE BUSI- ans FARMER is the best, but after all this is a matter of‘ personal opinion. They all are trying to give you the best they have, and so it is good reading for any live farm- er. Then there should be something just for mother—for she is the center of the home. Something for her individual use, for unless she is able to enter into the real spirit of reading books, it is unlikely that she will ever be able to impart that taste to her children, and guide them in that field with sympathy and discretion. We should probably find that the mothers of most of our great men of recent times have been devoted readers of the Bible. If it is pos— sble that we have a home without one, be sure that this year will be the last. When it comes to certain household problems, like nourish— ment. which is so important for the bodily welfare of all, and the man— agement of children, it is apparent that instruction on these subjects ought always to be available: “The Care and Feeding of Children,” by Doctor Holt, is one of the best books out on this subject, and should be in every home where children are living. “The Book of Good Man- ners” is another very fine book to have in every home. There are bound to be times when the most refined and thoughtful of us will have to use it for reference. Then there is that splendid book “What a Young Girl Ought to Know” full of chapters telling you 110w to answer the most delicate questions any little inquisitive girl might ask. “Truth O’Women” with last words from long vanished ladies, is a book of short poems in Which women of all sorts, of all ages, speak from their graves— much the same manner of “The Spoon River Anthology.” Books on travel are always fine reading for those of us who can travel no other way than thu the pages of books. It is a great school of learning and very fascinating past time for some of our winter evenings. Some good fiction for Dad would be “Dr. Nye.” It is a. splendid story of a man’s life in a. small town and most of the, char- acters can be found among our own personal acquaintences. “The Mine with the Iron Door,”. is another dealing with romance and advent- ure, laid in the Catilina Mountains of Arizona. The description of this part of our country is beautiful in this book. “The Real Robert Burns” is a splendid book telling about this famous character in our literary world. His poems are known the world over. “Gardening Under” is a good practical book, inviting the pleasures of outdoors by taking your gardens inside under glass. “Rimrock Trail” is another regular “he—man” tale of adventure. Don’t deny the youngfolks the many tales that are written for them in book—form to stir their imagination for the bigger and bet— ter things in life. For our boys I have thought 'of “Lefty 0’ The Bush,” “The vGo—Ahead Boys on Smuggler’s Island,” “The Boy Scout Fire Fighters,” “George Washing- ton” and famous Americans for young readers. For our girls: “The Corner House Girls,” “Polly’s First Year at Boarding School,” and for our wee folks: the kneetime Animal Stories, “Squinty,' the Comical Pig.” Easily mane (hills Eliot Christmas NYONE that is handy with their needle can make these two lovely gifts in very little time. They are beautiful and I am sure would be very much liked by any lady or child that could be the proud possessor of them. its outlined design of the chick pulling the little girl! Can you imagine any little girl not liking this darling apron with The ladies’ apron with its cunning flower-pot design with pretty ribbon ties makes an ador- able gift. No. 407—Chi1d’s Combination Apron or .Dress. ) number and comes stamped with patches included for'a. child two to, four ‘ years. Price 50c. No. . ‘ 408—La‘dies’ Apron. Stamped on . Unbleached. MPSHELJ. té'a‘ apron. Applique “ =net¢ll9a11¥§lil§dé$L . '3?“ 510°? ' This is a very attractive Full, size >2 . v'v- u 1"miiié‘taa’ , . . ing and “School ' Plays’qfor, all. occas- gonsl: is very‘:.finevz%for.. a reference 00 . - ‘ ‘ These are only; a'few of the many' books to be had for Christmas. 'You Will \find there are always the old masters like Dickens, Shakespeare, Holmes, and Longfellow. In our Book Rev1ew,, you will find the publisher’s name, address, and prices. Let this be a Christmas of Know- ledge and good reading. MOTHER’S PROBLEMS WHEN PLANNING CLOTHES WHEN planning and making the children’s clothes, who de- c1des what the colors and styles and materials shall be? Is it you. you, Mother, entirely? Or do (3)73; andi the children talk details ion? an come to a mutual deals- .There is no better trainin girl than the training she gaff-)1}: celve from her mother in the plan- ning of her clothes. “Decisions” are hard to make. Some people reach manhood and womanhood Without ever having learned how to make them. In the‘ matter of clothes, they never know just what they want, they buy hap hazardly, and they never are wholly satisfied With. their purchases. A child does not have to be very old to have opinions of his own. Don’t thwart those opinions every time they confliét with yours. Per- haps he has as good a right to them as you have to yours. Perhaps his ideas are wrong; sometimes the eaSJest way to show him how wrong his ideas are is to let him suffer a bit by following his wishes instead of ytilur own. I ave known many mothers make clothes for their chilggg Without asking for their opinions at all, and then, when the children ob— ject to the style or color of the dresses or blouses, reply: “Well that’s what I made. Wear it or go without!” , That attitude is not fair child. It likewise tends to tgnalfig them careless of their clothes. Many a child has deliberately torn or soil- ed a 'dress she dislikes so as not to have to wear it again. There is infiinite joy in planning daughter’s dresses with the little daughter offering suggestions. With a little tact, Mother can usually sway her away from decisions. But If her. heart is set on a color you know is unbecoming, let her have it. She Will likely hear an unfavorable comment some time which will teach her that she has made a mis— take. Work together! That is the key- note of happy Mothers and children. Working. with you, the children will learn th1ngs they are not conscious they are being taught! —if, you are well bred! 4 ‘7 Never speak harshly to a child. Never use disrespectful names. Never use pro- fane or vulgar words in the presence of a Chlld. Do net 'be so cold and austere as. to drive your child from you. Never misrepresent. If you falsify, the ‘child Will soon learn to decieve also. Never . withhold praise when the child deserves it. Commendation is one of the sweet— est pleasures of childhood. Personal Column Play the Game—I would like very much to know if the story “Play the Game,” by Ruth Comforth Mitchell, in the August, September and October, 1920 numbers of “Woman’s Home Companion”, can be obtained in book form and where. If not, would like to exchange other magazines for those numbers—V. E. Smith, Vanderlbilt, Michigan. ——«Maybe some kind reader has these magazines; if not, you can purchase it thru the Appleton Publishing Company, 29—35 W. 32nd St.,' New York City, at $1.75. Some Hints to Relieve Work—I have read somany suggestions in the Michigan Business Famner that have been a. help to ,me. I ,have one that I want to pass along. Purchase three yards of white table oil—cloth and use instead of table linen that has to be washed and ironed. Then-»it can simply be washed and pupalwayyby rolling around a. stick. Then 'when Silo filling time comes and _' bean» threshers, fyou 'wil-llfihave wan ready V' {or‘usc again. Q‘This hes‘been a help me, for I am an in, 91'? little- ’ id, dugfitéfif‘t‘éaeh; .t:.:4‘.1§.ikfm1a~ t. 4.1] v ’ ‘ . iguana:- _ . v-Nwavwnrm-4 u-rif'mliwi‘égét'éefiéfiifl . Ii ” Q?WCD¢§‘F‘<‘1“< COTE-+39 '1;— iHcps‘l-IHVD'CDUQ O‘i‘ and 14 ’98". A 12 year size ro- ALL PATTERNS,_12c..EACH—3n FOR 30c POST-PAID Order trom=tho above or former fauna of The Business Farmer Mn M. QM WNW “um”. I H; . u 9 ll mnan- end slgn your ,. ' .;_ADQ.,{:II.99 FOR RAJ-LAND WINTER FASHION ‘ Holt - on; one find one-half teaspoons salt; one“than sage. Add to potatoes“ v bread cruinbs. butter, egg. salt and sage; Apple Stuffing—To plain bread stuffing add one cup chopped apple. not too flne two eggs, two-thirds cup vinegar and one- one tea- Mix given. Mix add milk, fruit, nuts, and flour mixed and ‘ .3. y k. 4 Mi. an » .i in Y TEST Aspirin Beware of Imitations! Unless you see the "Bayer Cross’ on the package or on tablets you are not getting the genuine Bayer As— pirin proved safe by millions and prescribed by physicians over twenty—three years for Colds Headache Toothache Lumbago Neuritis Rheumatism Neur-algia Pain, Pain Accept “Bayer Tablets of Aspirin” only. Each unbroken package con— tains proven directions. Handy boxes of twelve tablets cost few cents. Druggists also sell bottles of 24 and 100. Aspirin is the trade mark of Bayer Manufacture of Mon- oaceticacidester of Salicylicacid. (1 .1000 FQHEHGURES Mgcuzgnn FAIL!!! ci — oq‘uipmon acres 11 intlznd lake. school. stores, Gillian“: fine ts' rosperous neighborhood: ‘ as. O-cow - trod woodland 3’ NEW mm- end 2 ' utiful cta.’ businal 6'30 no it. ..m"%~mfi频f¢fi.mmfw“ v . ' , 4 out. Busmnss imam. Mt. Clemens, Mich. WHEN WRITING T0 ADVERTISERS PLEAS- MENTION MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMER " a, ..,Er'ail.Ch_i'ldrén 2 .dg,.»:;:scorrs ULSIOII It is the food-tonic well adapted to help over- come imperfect nutrition. Try SCO'I'I ’S! Beau & Bone. Bloomfield. N. J. a0 23-54 Never Let a Cold Get a Start Break it up overnigh THEquickdirecttreatmentforcolds of children and grown-ups too, is an application of Vicks over throat and chest at bedtime. Not only is Vicks absorbed thru the skin, but its healing vapors of camphor, menthol, eucalyptus, turpentine, etc., are breathed all night directly into the afl'ected air passages. Relief usually comes by morning. Just as good, too, for cats, burns, brubes, stings and itching skin troubles. win-to Vick ChomicaICo., Bar 3'31 Gaucho“). N. G, hr a test sample. ICKS VAPoRue g = DyinTlrMm- j“- gasp“. -, ' nuns-HID? “Nor A KICK U INA HILL/0N FEE r ROOHNG —AND— SHINGLES MULE-l-llDE Roll Roofing and Shingles Ofl'er the greatest pro- tection in all seasons. CAUTION: The Mule-Hide trade mark identifies ; every roll or package of “ !' Mule-Hide INSIST ON THE ' GENUINE HULE-lllll‘i‘ ~51 AKICK See Your Lumber Dealer THE LEHON COMPANY I E 44th to 45th St. on Oakley Ave. CHICAGO, ILL. IIullllllllllllIII-IlullllllllllIIllIllllllllllllllllllllllI‘ll-Ill”Ill-IIIIII-[llIII...II[IllulllulllIII-.llljlllum E E ¥ SAVE A LIFE FOR CHRISTMAS you are giving, give health. There are thousands of suflerers of tuberculosis, forgotten by all the world except the Tuberculosis Association. 11 needs your support to carry on its life- saving work. You help when you buy Christmas Seals—the Liberty Bonds in the war upon consumption. Buy Christmas Seals! Buy as many as you am. The Great White Plague can be stamped out entirely. Christmas Seals an saving many lives. Buy Christ- mas Seals, and save a life for Christmas. JUST BEFORE cnms'rms UST before Chrisunask , J Is the meanest time of all! You have to be so pesky good, There ain’t no fun at all. For if you're up to any tricks, There's someone sure to say: "You best be careful, Johnny! Santa may be round today."- Now if Santa likes a. feller, As his presents seem to show, What makes him bother me so long? That's what I want to know. This year I just wrote a letter, Just before Thanksgng Day, Directed it to “Santa, North Pole,” And sent it on its way. And this is what my letter said: "Oh, Santa, be a. dear, And please don’t come a-snooping round A-watching me this year.” THE JUST CALIPH NCE, in Bagdad, a. 'Caliph built a magnificent palace, but, in ord- er that its main entrance should be imposing it was necessary to pull down a small laborer’s hovel. The vizer was ready to destroy it, but the Caliph ordered that the poor old man who dwelt there should be paid for his hovel. “I will not sell,” said the poor man. “My forefathers lived and died here, I wish to die here. Tell the Caliph I said so. He is just.” The Gali'ph considered long when this answer was brought him, and then he answered, “Let the hovel stay. There is no gate so splendid, that I could raise to my palace. If people saw a gate blazing with gems they would say only ‘The Caliph is rich,’ but if they should see the hovel, they would cry, ‘The Caliph is just’.” - Justice is greater than riches. OUR BOYS AND GIRLS Address all letters to the Children’s Hour as follows: UNCLE N ED, The Business Farmer, Mt. Clemens, lVIich. Dear Uncle New—Here's wishing you the happiest birthdays, and hoping you will have many more as happy. Although I did not send you anything last year, I thought of you, and that does just as well, I think, don’t you? But I am not going to let this one slip into the past without showing you that I remember it. That is why I’m writing to you now. You may call this your birthday letter. I am enclosing in this letter a. poem I wrote. I want to know what you think of it. Now I will tell you what I re- ceived for my birthday. My sister gave me a book and so did my mother. Our school teacher gave me a book also; My father and mother together bought me a dozen blue Amber-cl records. A friend sent me a tablet and 4 Narcissus bulbs. So you see I was well remem- bered. Well I guess I'd better close or you won’t want me to write again, so good—bye Uncle Ned. From your invalid Nephew,——Orville H. Trueblood, Pewamo, Michigan. Dear Uncle Ned:—As this is my first letter will look for it to go in the waste paper basket. I have been studying at my friend’s and reading the M. B. F. and like the children’s stories very well. Well, I had better describe myself. I have light brown hair, blue eyes, baby doll bobbed hair, and am five feet one inch tall. I am twelve years of age and in the eighth grade at school. I weigh 89 pounds. My birthday is July 12th. I have two sisters and two brothers and I am the oldest. We all go to school but baby, who is four. My father trucks from home to Detroit and all along the line. We live to town. It is small, only has seven stores and one bank. Our home and lawn covers a quarter of an acre. Our home is all modern with electric plant and water and gas and all bathroom furnishings. Well,’ I will close my letter with a. riddle. Upon a hill there is a mill and by the mill there is a. walk and in the well there is a key, and if you don’t answer this riddle you will have to kiss me. Round as an apple and deep as a cup, all the king’s horses Gn't pull it up; Will some of my cousins please write to me. I will gladly answer. Write tor—Kathleen most, Hale, have dark brown hair (bobbed) and dark blue eyes. I urn-a junior .at Ionia High School. My birthday is on August four- ~ teenth. Have I a. twin? I ride back'and ~forth to school every day. It is about a fifteen minute drive. I am taking up a busines course and find it very inter- esting. I have no brothers or sisters so I would be very glad if some of the boys and girls would write to me. I surely will answer all letters I receive. At school I belong to' 9. Girls' Literary club and a parlimentary club. In both clubs we are going to have a play for Thanksgiving. In American history class we have a new teacher from Grand Rapids. She came last week, to stay until the beginning of the next semester. I like her very well as she gives us all E’s. She is very sociable, and told us‘ all about her family. She said that on’o of her five brothers was a doctor. One day a. lady came into his office, who said that she felt bad all over. By what she told him he didn’t know what ailed her so he mixed her up some salt; soda; and red coloring and gave- lt to her and told her to come back in 0. week. When the week was up she came back and said that the medicine had done her so much good that she wanted some more just like it. By that time he had for— gotten what color he had put in the former medicine so he put brown in this. The lady told him of the mistake, so he mixed up some more with the red color- ing. As that lady imagined the medicine wasrgood. Please imagine this letter is good enough to print. Your niece,~—~Olive Groves, R. 1, Ionia, Michigan. Dear Uncle Ned :——I have never written to you before. My father takes the M. B. F. and I like to read the Children's Hour. I am a farmer girl and live on quite a large farm. I go to high school and like it very much. I have a brother and two sisters going too. My brother graduates this year. Has any of the other cousins got “The Song of The Dy- ing Cowboy?" If they have I wish they would please send me the words. Well, I will have to describe myself. I'am five feet tall, have light brown hair, but don’t wear it bdbbed. I want it bobbed though. I am dark complexioned and am fifteen years of age. My birthday is the 1st of September. There is no use ask— ing if I have a twin because I have. Well, I will have to close for this time. Your niece, Fay Houtz, R. 3, Montgomery, Michigan. Dear Uncle Ned:——I have never writ- ten to you before, but have been very much interested in the boys’ and girls’ department so thought I would like to join too. My grandfather takes the M. B. F. and likes it very much. I am- 16 years old and my birthday is January 12th. Have I a twin? And will she please write to- me? I passed the 8th grade this spring. I will tell what Birch Run looks like. It has a population of about 900. There are four or five stores, oil station, bakery, etc. We live near the Dixie Highway. Many people go north of here, for fishing and camping. I have one brother, he is 10 years old. He is in the 4th grade. Will some of the cousins please write to me as I like to write letters. I remain your niece,— Kathering Spensberger, Birch Run, Mich. Dear Uncle Nedz—My how lovely it must be, to have so many nice nieces and nephews. I think guessing games are very interesting. don’t you? I have noticed previously that most every per- son has been writing riddles. So I am going to make_ my letter one of mystery. My age is between 7 and 16. The first letter of my surname is P. Don't you love to wander out in the woods in the fall of the year and just study the beau- tiful trees, and their many colors. I will close with three riddles (a) What most resembles a. half cheese? (b) Which is the best way to raise strawberries? (c) What two letters are the desting of all earthly things? Now every one must re- member that the person who can tell me the following answers (my surname, my exact age. and answer two of the three riddles correctly) will receive a letter from me composed of 25 pages. Best regards to all, I remain,-——Miss P. Stroupe, R. 7, Pontiac, Michigan. Dear Uncle Ned 2—1 wrote to you once before Uncle Ned but Mr. Waste Paper Basket knew that my letter wasn’t worth while reading, so he gobbled him up. Isn‘t that so? Well, how do you like this weather Uncle Ned? We had a little snow today. [I will be glad when it gets cold, so we can go skating. Do you like to skate? I love to. skate. How many of the cousins like to skate? I described myself in my other letter, Uncle, but no one knows that but Mr. Waste Basket, and so I will have to”'d0 it all over again, I am a girl 5 feet 1 inch tall, weigh 102 pounds. I am 13 years old. I have brown eyes and hair. and for a great wonder my hair isn’t bobbed. My birth: day is in October. Will all of the“ ’ cousins that have a. birthday in October write to me? I will answer all letters I receive: 'Uncle Nod, I would like. to have arcontest and oftheoousinsdm . .U youngledywosbornincan- Isthereforehnsrestedln Allshehsstodoisto median ers? ‘ Answer to puzzle in last. issue: HALF A LOAF IS BETTER THAN NONE. ' that want to do so just say so. Good-bye Uncle Ned. From a want—to-«be—n-iece,—- Thelma Crodby. Edenvflle, Michigan. Dear Uncle Nedz—As I was going to town I thought I would stop a few min- utes to see you. But mother said I can’t stay long this time, maybe next time I can. How are all the cousins? I am just fine and happy all the time. At school I aim in the 8th grade. School started over a month ago. I will picture myself to all of you if I can. .I am 14 years of age, light complexioned, five feet and four'inch-es tall, weigh 115 pounds, have medium brown bobbed hair. Do you like girls with bobbed hair? If ‘ you don’t, won’t you like me at least? There are twelve in our family, ‘nine girls and three boys. I was in Saginaw Saturday, came home Sunday afternoon with sister. There are some boys and girls from our town who wrote and I thought I would write. Hope you will print my letter for this is the first time I have written. If it doesn’t hit the waste paper basket I will be lucky—I’ll try to keep away fromit. I will close with a joke. If a man has seventy patches on his pants what time is it? Guess it. Will some of the cousins write to me. I will close with lots of joy, from your unknown friend, “Bobbie”-——Helen S. Janetski, R. 5, Freeland, Michigan. _ Dear Uncle Nedz—I received your most welcome letter today andlwas very glad to hear from you. Thank you so much for sending me the pencils and pencil‘ box. I_sure will make life miser- able for the pencils, for I am going to school every day, and will make good use of them. The weather is getting terribly cold out .here. I will be glad when winter begins, for then I can go to skating parties. I just love to skate on ice skates, don't you, Uncle Ned? The fact is, I love all outdoor and indoor sports. My friend ,and I went horse back riding Sunday and had absolutely a swell time. I am simply crazy about riding horseback, that is what I 'call enjoying life. Don’t you, Uncle Ned? My age is between 15 and 17. Whoever guesses my age will receive a long letter from me. Won't the boys and girls please write to me? I will try and answer all letters received. At times I am so terribly lone- some that I would just love to receive some nice long letters fromthe girls and boys. As my letter is getting long I will close with love, your niece,—.—M_lss Margaret Jackowiak. Sherwood, Mich. NEW LAMP BURNS 94% AIR Beats Electric or Gas A new oil lamp that gives an amazingly brilliant, soft, white light, even better than gas or electricity, has been tested by the U. S. Government and 36 leading universities and ‘found to be superior to 10 ordinary oil lamps. It burns without odor, smoke or noise—no pumping up. is simple, clean, safe. Burns 94% air and 6% common kerosene (coal oil). The inventor, A. R. Johnson. 609 W.- Lake St, Chicago, 111., is otter-1mg to send a lamp on a. 10 day’s FREE trial, uneven- to give one FREE to thong-st user in eaeh locality who'will mpzlupmtrodnee ' '19: . {.11 «mini. 4; ct 1.,- i -. r. 1“ 4. I, . - «a. ‘2 r y :2 ? a‘ 1’ l'turing, .for what he sells. (Wham fiasco" ’ j transact abusiness verysimilar the business "transacted. by the War Finance Corporation. The pur- pose of these banks is to provide seasonable credit facilities for agri- 7 genuine" and to place the farming businesses; a parity with manufac- transportation and com- merce. . . The Federal Reserve Banks in times of necessity issue notes again- st the short. time leans they hold and Intermediate Banks issue de- bentures or bonds. The term of agricultural paper is long and the probability of renewal toa great to use such paper for a basis for notes such as are issued by the Federal Reserve~ Banks. Under ordinary conditions and in time of ordinary demand for money the local bank can take care of short time needs of farmers for money either by their own funds or through their city correspondents. In times of very heavy demand, however, or where the paper is for a longer period than the local bank can carry, these banks can use the facilities avail- able through the Federal Reserve Banks and the Intermediate Credit Banks. This gives country banks a. very valuable. service as a bank. of deposit cannot afford to tie up its deposits in loans of an indefinite maturity or paper which must be re- newed over a period of years. This type of paper' is ordinarily called frozen assets and may raise havoc and has raised havoc with agricul- ture in the last few years. Our pres— ent system of financing loans for agricultural ’purposes lays the foundation for the solution of one of the greatest‘ problems. facing agriculture—namely the marketing of farm products. Without the prop- er system of marketing farm pro- ducts farming can never come into the place to which it is entitled. The saleability of farm lands and the profits of the farm are depend- ent upon what the farmer can get This is not the problem of politics or sentiment but of a right system and the introduc- tion into farming of the same busi- ness principles and methods of financing as applied” to other busi~ passes. The trouble with farming in the past has been that 'a large percentage of the production of any one crop has been dumped ,on the market within a very short period, every farmer jumping against the other and striking his own bargain. This is always the result of individ— ual selling. The only solution is group production, group,marketing and group financing. Unless we know what everybody is producing and also the buying power of our market we are groping in the dark and this principle must be applied to farming before we will have definite results. The supply and demand we know-controls prices. It is nec- essary, however. to control the flow and the supply. It is necessary to have the supply where needed and also when needed. This is a sim- ipills question of storage and financ- g. The Federal Intermediate Credit Act gives us the credit facilities for properly financing products in stor- age. Properly managed and prop- erly organized cooperative market- ‘ ing organizations are having no trouble to finance themselves at the present time. They have had no trouble for some time, not apy more than have other businesses. The fact. however. remains that the co—V. operative marketing of ‘farm pro- ducts is in its infancy and that the foundation for proper financing had to be laid before it could be expect— ed to have the cooperative market- :ahoutrmnztheotnumww‘s m erwillhesatiso _tions will never get results.‘ 150}. In the ‘r'Will‘inoreIse.. fingthe farmerg'genenlly got‘ “raisin, ' a report; that there was'an over-pro,— duction of any one crop they got scared and thought that somebody would get stuck and tried to sell their products first and thereby broke the market. Nobody but the farmer was to- blame for this. Properly organized and properly managed cooperative marketing or- ganizations will accomplish a great deal of good. One small market- ing organization thrusting its wares against many other small organiza- This has been tried for the last fifty years. It is necessary that each commodity be organized and then sold. The farmer has not always listened to sound advice; would-be leaders have often sold him on such things as guaranteed prices and oth- er legislative remedies, which, if adopted, would make the farming conditions many times worse than they ever have been. farming is organized along business lines the farmer will be satisfied to run his own business and will run it successfully instead of having somebody run downto Washington every time something happens. Nearly everybody is with the farm— er on this proposition. I believe the farmer is willing to be led along the right lines it he has the right leader, and the success of this movement is dependent upon leader- ship and management. The farmer cannot afford to fool with amateurs in this matter. Credit facilities have been made available to the farmer and now it is up to him to use these facilities. Financing and marketing are so closely allied that they cannot be separated. The prin- cipal value of the. Intermediate Credit Act lies in the facilities which it offers for the marketing of farm products. RECIPES (Continued from page 15.) bake one and one—half hours in a. slow oven, or bake four hours. in a. slow oven.’ Rich fruit cake is always more satisfac- tory when done if the cooking is ac- complished by steaming. This is a splen- did Christmas cake and you need not feel it is hard to make. Bowed Popped Corn..—-’I‘wo quarts of popped corn: two tablespoons butter; two cups brown sugar; one-half cup of water. Put butter in sauce pan, and when melted, add sugar and water. Bring to boiling-point, and let boil six- teen minutes. Pour over corn, and stir until every kernel is 'well coated with sugar. The Runner’ 3 Bible (Copyfitht by Boughton-Miflin Co.) I in them. and thou in me, that they may be perfected in ones—John 17:23. (E. B. V.) Christ is in and about us always, but we make Him appear to the spiritually blind. only when we do a Giristlike act. Whose gives us a better understanding of life, brings us glad tidings. or even speaks an encouraging word. is for that moment the Christ to us——“the Word made fiésh"——the most greatly to be de— sired accomplishment of mankind. We should look for Him in every one we meet. even in the most depraved. He is there, and encouragement will help to bring Him forth—the Divine Light~—~that is .to guide us. OUR BOOK REVIEW (Books reviewed under thil landing may be secured throng The Michigan B ness Farmer. and be b stool post recemt' of Stated. on _ y B Dl'lCfl The firms below are suitable for film and can be rams-sad t1 u h £1119 B . Businus rm. Mt. Clgegs. KW Anhml Stories , The C m- 100.] by Richard Barium—m A: Hopkins, for All Domains” by Madelene l ' Ign- dz‘ ‘ first. mi 3...... lcbolfh 0 Good by b: I. F. Rockwell: L Bushes. W.“ 3. n1» Duet-n ’ ml. C,“- As soon as Crowds greeting the 8: rvic‘e -Progreel Special en route » Working with the farmer— O‘REgTI-IAN 775,000 people have visited the Service-Progress Special demonstration train sent out over the New York Central Lines by the Agricultural Relations Department. The exhibits on this train, showing the wonderful ad- vance in steam transportation in the United States, and particularly the interdependence of the railroad and the farmer, have served to bring closer together the New York Central and its agricultural patrons. The New York Central Lines serve some of the richest farming sections of Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, New York and Pennsylvania, and they haul more than a million carioads a year of farm products. Working with the farmer, to promote better and more profitable farming, the Agricultural Relations Depart- ment has grown to be one of the most useful in the New York Central organization. NEW YORK CENTRAL LINE? BOSTON fiALBANY—v MICHIGAN CENTRAL—4316 FOUR ~ PITTSBURGH EILAKE m AND THE NEW YORK CENTRALANDSUBSIDIARY LINES Genml Offices—466 Lexington Ave., New York PATENTS] I Send sketch or model today for examination and report. 1 THE MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMER “The Farm Paper of Record afliwuntzon blank onwhich to disclose your in- Serwce’ ’ mm and lithw guide book. 1131‘,” to Obtain a Patent" e. romp ness uses Highest re'erences. ' Wm romy. CLARENCE A. O’BRIEN. Reuiximed Tell Your Frlends Potent Lawyer, l55-B Security Savings & Com’l Bank About Bldg., directly across street from Patent Office, Wash- lnzmn. D. 0. NEW SUBSCRIPTION RATES The Michigan Business Farmer New or Renewal Subscriptions « ONE YEAR ............................. .... .. .60 TWO YEARS .................................. .. $1 FIVE YEARS .................................. .. $2 ____._.__——————__—_——————__ .._.. ———_ The Michigan Business Farmer, Mt. Clemens, Mich. I enclose 3.... .......... .. for a year: subscription, this entitles me to every department of ~ Bmines. Fl er Service, without further cost for the full period of my sub. scription. _ .......... .... .......................... RFD No......... ' P. ............. STATE .... --‘|f|th'snenofl.mrl.lbe 4 Am. m“. u, M mum "Ci-n~ If poems. and an address m m- an. or “is (2-10)"? 1 0% More Double The Profit from Your Cows You do not expect bumper crops from your fields without fertilizing and extensive cul- tivation. Why, then, upset a maximum milk yield from your cows unless you keep their milk-making organs in top-notch health? The hard-worked milk-producing functions of the cow need frequent aid to keep up a full flow and retain the stamina to resist disease. Kow-Kare has such positive action on the digestive and genital organs that its benefit is soon shown in the milk yield. Thousands of successful dairymen are now using it regularly about one week in each month for every cow. Especially during the winter months it aids in keeping up a full yield from dry rough feeds. Dairy authorities say that the average dairy can double the net profit if measure can he found to increase the milk 10%. Kow- Kare is a regular part of the feeding course in thousands of dairies where surprising in- cnmses in milk yield are being accomplished. Row-Kare. of course. is prim '1 medicine. It increases milk flow 33% it builds up the same set of organs that must hmchedwhen cow diseases are beingtneat- ed. Such troubles as Barrenness. Abortion, Retained Afterhirth. Scours. Bunchu, Milk Fever, Lost Appetite can be successfully eliminated by Row-Kare because it restores health to the genital and digestive organs. There is a definite profit advantage for every user of Kow—Kare. Cow health and big milk yields are inseparable. Our free book, “The Home Cow Doctor." is yours for the asking. It tells the various use of Kow- Kare. with which every cow owner should be familiar Feed dealers,general stores and drug ' to sell Row-Kane, 5:25 and 66e sisea. If deal- :rrdeirs .not , Hi We. DAIRY ASSOCIATION CO” INC. Lyndonville, Vt. Advertisements "1591180 under this needing IOI' I'GDUIEDI.‘ breeders 0! LIVE 5100! at speCIaI mu rates to encourage the growing of is Thirty Gents (300) or 4.20 per Inoh, of month following date of insertion. F ure-breds on the farms of our readers. Our advertising rate per agate Ins, per insertion. Fourteen agate lines to the column lnoh less 2 for cash if sent w h order 0 al b r th 07,, SEND IN 0 ANr p d on or core the 10 REE. so you can see how many lines it will fill. It YOUR A D WE WILL PUT IT IN TYPE Address all letters. BREEDERS DIRECTORY, MICHI‘AAN BUSINESS FARMER, MT. CLEMENS, MIOH. «:63?- 1.1,! 3.1:... To,» CLAIM YOUR "3" sans: DATE 1' $ls (55111 :4 dates we \Vlll mmout lo awn... .. ........ .. osst, list the date of any live stock sale In Michigan. If you are considering a sale ad- vise us at once and we will claim the data for you. Address, Live Stock Editor. M. B. F.. Mt. Clemens Feb. 5———Poland Gasman, Detroit Creamery Farm, Mt, Clemens, Michigan. Fob. 20———Durocs, DetrOit Creamery Farm, Mt. Clemens, Michigan. CATTLE . .3 / HOLSTEINS MWTdIYc-Amndamhs. r 3115101,: aver. ..._——— HERD SIRE FOR SALE AT FARMERS PRICES. . B. Tested d every way. Pontias Bo— DeKnl No. 270204 H. F. Hall. Ike Pontiac Dutchland 2’d Dam Pontiac Osiris. N. 8 BOWERIAI. Two Miles South of Romeo. AYBSIIIBES FOB SALE—REGISTERED AY‘ROHW fills and bull ulna. heifers and heifer gin lilo some choice cows. FINDLAY IROS“ R ‘- Vw. M HEBEFOBDS Registered Purebred Hereim'ds We Have Bred Herefords Since 1860 Spring calves for sale Write us your wants. A few Chester White Boers and hows for sale. CRAPO FARM. Swartz Creek. Michigan. ANGUS we HAVE some FINE YOUNG Anous Bulls from Internatioml Grand Champion Stock at Wanable prices. E. H. KERR J: 00.. Addison. c RED POLLED —REGISTERED RED POLLED Cattle. Both Sex. R. 1, Eaton Rapids, Michigan. FOB SAL PIERCE BROS" GUERNSEYS GUERNSEY BULL CALVES $50. A. messen- ing. 50'? to 7517 breeding of Norman’s Mis- saukee Red) Rose. Bull soon ready for servicé $100. A. M. SMITH Lake City, Michigan. FOR SALE. A Few Choice Registered Guernsey hPIfEI‘S due in Dec. and Jim. at very reasonable prices, Twln Brook Farm, Washington, Mich. JERSEYS REG. JERSEYS, POGIS 99th OF H. F. AND Minesty breeding. Young stock for sale. Herd fully accredited by State and Federal Government. Write or Visit for prices and description. GUY O. WILBUR, BELDING. Mich. JERSEY BULLS, HOOD I FARM BREEDING. , J. E. MORRIS. Farmlngton, Michigan SHORTHORNS FOR SALE: REGISTERED SHORTHORN Bull, 4 _ rs old. of od size and dark red in color. and e. Wonderful herd sire. Price right. If interested addrm L A. KING. R. 1, Harbor Springs. Michigan. FOR 8ALE: ld F 0 U R REGISTERED BRED year 0 S‘horthorn heifers. Tubercular tested. 'I‘em cents get Sound. Inquire PIPER G ODALE, East Tawas, Michigan. REGISTERED MILKING SHORTNORN CATTLE, Delaine sheep. Stock and pricu Elite Writs wants. Also our load 1 cattle. OVER CREST RANCH. Town: City. R . Mich. RAISE BHOR‘I'HORNS WITHOUT HOR ' does. U. B. Accredited "8 Like _ _ . Herd No_ 28945. For dumption and price write, I. c. KELLY a SON. Plymouth. Michigan. SWINE O. I. C. o L G’s, 75 LAST SPRING PIGS. PAIRS I I not skin. From 3 good strong sires. Aflso tall man. 'Beoorded free. 5‘ mile west 0 OWSCHULZE & SONS. Nashville. Mich. HAMPSHIRES mac. mrsums "W W Write your wu: .3 to do". w. SNYDER, St. Johns, Michigan. ri 0 DUROOB AT THE STATE FAIR WE SHOWED ONE «the bean He wpn Sidinhisworlu‘ng ). H want gun to have a._ gilt or sow Colon l Boar. Write us. SOHAFFER 81208., R. 4. Oxford, Michigan. DOGS gfmln W Aim. Collier ‘ gala! gnallah enlist! ' Ines: ninth-s struc- tivo list. WE. atson. Box 21. Macon. no. ‘wni-enit. ; ‘ Have YOU AnAdinTho‘ Michigan Live Stock my “39.. . in? someone: FARMERS DISTRIBUTE MILK AT ' .IBONTON ERE’S a tip to the milkman— and judging from the trouble in which he seems to be con- stantly involved as a result of his “sliding scale,” he needs it. The farmers of Ironwood and Erwin townships, Gogebic county, in the UpperPeninsula of Michigan —and of Hurley, Wisconsin, organ- ized the Ironwood Milk Distribut— ors’ Association, early in October. The association will endeavor to place the industry on a higher busi- ness basis, and to insure to its members and patrons a. square deal. It will endeavor, also, to work to- wards the production and market- ing of a first class article for which a reasonable, uniform, price will be charged, in accordance with the average cost of production and marketing. The association, more— over, will aim to protect its mem- bers against loss, resulting from re- moval of customers from the city, who fail to pay their bills; and to require of its members, that the milk ordinance of the city of Iron- wood be observed in every particu- lar, in regard to the t. b. testing of cattle, cleanliness of operation, cleanliness of production, and bottl- ing of milk and cream, as well as methods of distribution. The city health officer of Iron— wood is instructed by the associa- tion to report all members or other parties suspected of non—compliance with the milk ordinance. They will be dealt with accordingly. C. E. Gunderson, Gogebic county agricultural agent, commenting up- on the plan says: “Milk, properly produced and handled, is the na- tion’s best food, and will become even more liberally used when its high food value at low cost is com- monly understood. But the con— suming public wishes to know that it is the good, wholesome, clean pure food that nature meant it to be. That is the purpose of the new organization. The officers of the Association are: President, Julius E. Johnson; Vice President, C. E._Johnson; Sec— retary and Treasurer, Luther Olson. ONTONAGON‘ COUNTY COM- PLETES T. B. TEST N November 21, the work of tuberculin testing all the cat- tle in Ontonagon county, Upper Peninsula, was completed. Approx- imately 9,700 head were tested. 120 animals reacted to the test. This would give an average of 1.25 per cent reactors. This is a very low ratio of reactors. Other portions of the state have sometimes shown as high as 10 per cent reactors, and the average for all cattle tested in the state is 2.2 per cent. Ontonagon county cows are healthy. The taxpayers of the county have reason to be pleased with the finan- cial report covering the cost of the tuberculin test. A year ago On— tonagon county approproiated $3,- 000 to cover the county’s share of making the test. The census figures of 1920 showed 6,800 head of cat- tie in the county. The estimate of expense was based on this number of cattle. Instead of this number the veterinarians found 9,700 head of cattle; and the total expense to the county, for the county’s share of making the test, is less than $2,000. The increase in the number of cattle in the county, from 5,800 in 1920 to 9,700 in 1923, shows that the farmers of Ontonagon county are rapidly developing the dairy business. This is a wise step for the farmers to take, for dairy farm- ing is the, safest, surest, and most profitable type of farming for On- tonagon county. Having all the cattle of the county free of tuber- culosis will go a long way towards increasing the value of, and profits. from, the cattle. This helps the farmer. The man in town is also benefited by having a healthy and safe milk supply, and even the but- ter. and cheese manufactured in the / county will be better for the fact the, tuberculin‘fgest has, been mode. can all have-av more .. ‘ A Y x i ' age meat from .cattle that have been slaughtered locally; It is probable that some sort of €‘ retest Will be made next year. At' least all the herds where~reactorsg were found will be tested again." The decision in this matter rests with the State Department of Agri- cultiire.———W. N. Clark, County_Agri- cultural Agent. BREEDS OF DAIRY CATTLE No. 4—Brown Swiss HE Brown’Swiss breed originat-I ed in the Canton of Schwyz, in eastern central Switzerland. The cattle are called variously Brown Switzer, Brown Schwyzer, and Brown Swiss, the last name be- ing the one commonly used in the United States. Conditions in Switer-’ land are such that a" strong animal capable not only of milk production but of service as a draft animal ls desired, and the large frame is evidence of fitness for these require- ments. The first importation into the United States Was made in 186-9, and although other importations have been made since, comparative- ly few animals have been brought to this country. Quarantine regula- tions in the United States against contagious animal diseases on the Continent of Europe probably have hindered the introduction of large numbers of these animals. The dis- tribution in the United States is not widespread, the cattle being found principally in the States of New York and Wisconsin. The present, popularity of the Brown Swiss has been gained entirely by the merits. of the animals, as they have not been much advertised. Characteristics In color the cattle vary from a light-gray, mouse‘color, or brown- ish dun to dark brown. A medium shade of brown shading into a. light gray or almost White strip along the backbone and on the belly is picferred. The udder is usually white, switch of tail and boots black. A black muzzle with a creamy or mealy ring around it is characteristic. The horns, of mod- ium size, are white at the base and black at the tip. In disposition the cattle are mild and docile and for their size are very active; they are excellent grazers, especially on rough land. The cows when mature weigh from 1,100 to 1,600 pounds (aver- about 1,250 pounds); bulls range from 1,500 to 2,500 pounds. The cattle are compact, smoothly fleshed over all parts, and when dry rapidly put on flesh, which is milk- ed off well after freshenlns. Straightness of hind legs is a typic- al characteristic of the breed. The breed has been criticized be- cause certain animals have shown lack of regularity in type of udder and have had exceptionally large teats. As the breeders pay more attention to these points great im- provement is observed. Calves at birth are large and vig— orous and weigh from 65 to 90 pounds. As a rule, animals of the breed are somewhat slower in ma— turing than those of other dairy breeds. In milk production this breed ranks well, with a moderate per- centage of fat. The average of the 228 cbws that have completed year- ly records of production to January 1, 1918, is 10,931.1 pounds of milk testing 3.998 per cent, amounting to 437.02 pounds of butter-fat. Families of Brown Swiss have not been developed to any great ex- tent in this country. TATTOO MARKS Would like to ask it any of your readers have ever used any of these tattoo ear markers for marking sheep. If so, is it a success, and permanent, or will it grow dim after whila?——B. 8., Ionia, Mich. —-—The tattoo marks, using black or blue ink, may be used satisfactorily with those breeds of sheep having a white face and ear. A- I. have never known of tattoo marks being used with the black cared sheep, al- though I can see noreason why it could not be so used if one could ob- tain a inkq—Goo. .A. Professor.;,1s-_ " ._ .‘4~ e a ‘ i l i i uwmuwnwus'wavu 'u‘uuro‘nn D "U-gf‘TV—Wlwwwfilvlw‘ W wwvvr-Iwer-va—Iv .. ..... ~.. 4—”. Gould you give me any information about pestering cattle” and horses _. with safetyi—E. M. I.,‘ New. Balti- more, Mich. , -—-There is considerable danger of ' bloat when pasturing cattle on al.- ialia, especially ‘when it has an! moisture’on it, such as comes from a rain or heavy dew, also when the alialia is real 'green' and growing rapidly. We have not made a practice of [maturing our. alfalfa fields here un- til they are three or four years old and considerable of June grass has come in. Horses and hogs are not as subject to bloat as are cattle_ and sheep and there is very little dang- er of injury to horses or hogs pro- viding they are started on the alt- alta'when it is dry. , I I would not advise the pasturing at an alfalfa field only one year old, as there would be considerable danger of its being pastured too close and injuring the stand. It would be much better to see it go into the winter with a good top to hold the snow and give it protec- tion from the cold this winter.— Geo. A. Brown, Professor of Animal Husbandry, M. A. C. PLANS FOR BUILDING BEEF- CA’IT'LE BARNS REEDERS and feeders of beef cattle will find in a new Farm— ers' Bulletin, Beef-Cattle Barns, just published by the United States Department of Agriculture, suggestions of value regarding the right types of barns for various con- ditions, the location, arrangement. ventilation and construction. Sever- . 8.] plans and alternate plans are giv- en for general—purpose barns, feed— ing barns, sheds, and barns for housing breeding herds. Consider- ation is given to the requirements in severe climates and in regions . where less protection is needed from the elements. The bulletin contains 16 drawing showing elevations, floor plans, and cross sections. Copies of the bulletin, which is No. 1350, may be obtained by writ- ing to the Department of Agricul- ture, Washington, D. C., as long as the supply lasts. ‘ __ VETERINARY ' DEPARTMENT I COW POX -We have acow that has scores on her bag and teats. They first make their appearance in a lump. This breaks open and then a large scab terms. We do not, use the milk as we thought it might not be good. These scores have been coming on for about 4 weeks. Sometimes they all go away and other times they number 3 and 4 on the bag. Cow eats good and is in fair condition. Once there was a very large one came on and she did not give hardly any milk. She does not give as much now as she ought to. She gets mostly corn fodder with pump- kins, carrots, and bran.——P. A., Sherman, Mich. -—-I think this cow is sufiering from cow pox. Washing the teats and udder after each milking with a one per cent solution of hyposulphite of soda will bring about a cure in most cases. The occasional application of sulphur ointment will help to softenmp and remove the scabs. The disease”, is easily spread from cow to cow in the act of milking, The affected cows should be milked last and the milk man. should wash his hands thoroughly with soap and a good disinfectant before milking another cow.——-—John P. Hutton, As- soc. Proi. Surgery and Medicine, M. A. C. SELLING YOUR APPLES AT A » PROFIT (Continued from page 4) ‘ of four per cent acetic acid, niay be .- reduced to a strength of not less . - per cent, and older vine- " gorse reduced shall not be regard- unadulterated. Every manufact- ' producer. ot- cider vinegar . I; a“ “keg. 9W "petsoifi‘ shall 'er "vinegar ‘any package containing ‘»- 1m. » v V ‘3 , 7 ~ I 61% and~ Mldifilike to pasture cowl " ' {in it but Lam toldthey would bloat. mark or brand as cid- th‘at whiclris not cider vinegar. Any vinegar sold or uttered for sale shall be marked or branded plainly upon the package or container from which it is sold and also on the orig- inal package or container in which it is sold or delivered, in. a manner to show its true character and ource.” Paragraph 71, Section 6: "No vinegar. shall be sold or exposed for sale in which foreign substances, drugs or acids shall have been in- troduced. No vinegar shall contain any artificial coloring matter, and all vinegar shall have an acidity of not less than tour per cent by weight of absolute acetic acid. It vinegar contains any artificial mat- ter, or less than the required amount of acidity, it shall be deem- ed to be adulterated.” Paragraph 74, Section 9: “Who— ever violates any of the provisions of this act shall, upon conviction, be punished by fine of not more than two hundred dollars or im- prisonment in the county jail not to exceed six months or both such fine and imprisonment in the descrition oi the court.” and the Words cider, vinegar,’ and «no» V .not using good sound fruit. . There rre many reasons why vim gar making in the home is not a «success.i: The first mistake is as You can not make ‘good vinegar from unsound or rotten fruit. The microorganisms spoiling ,/ the fruit will likewise spoil the vinegar it not properly controlled. The second mistake is in keeping the older at too low a. temperature. It will act- ually take any where from one to three years to make vinegar if the cider is kept at a low temperature. On the other hand it kept at too high a temperature the alcohol is evaporated and ' other undesirable organisms enter and‘ destroy the food materials necessary for the yeasts and bacteria in the making of vinegar. Another mistake often made is in the choice of variety of apples. Many apples that make good cider to drink do not make good cider for vinegar due to the small amount of malic acid.present. Malic acid is necessary in cider to keep out the putrefactive bacteria that otherwise would spoil the cid- er. Again many varieties are low in sugar content and sugar is neces- sary in cider for good vinegar. Con- trary to popular opinion sweet ap- ples do not as a _rule contain more sugar than sour apples. They simply have less malic acid present which makes them taste sweeter. ‘Taking everything into considera- tion most varieties of winter apples make the best cider tor vinegar. Fall apples are the next most desir- able for vinegar making and sum- mer apples the least desirable. In conclusion it might be said that any one observing a few simple rules of cleanliness, select- ing the proper variety of apples, in- oculating with pure cultures of yeast and bacteria can make good cider vinegar conforming to the laws of Michigan at a small cost} thus receiving twice as much for the apple crop and in many cases converting an unprofitable crop into' a profitable one. (Editor’s Note:—Anyone inter- ested in producing better vinegar send for Special bulletin No. 98, Bacteriological Laboratory, Michi- gan Agricultural College, East Lansing, Mich.) FREE BOOK ABOUT CANCER The Indianapolis Cancer Hospital; Indianapolis, Indiana, has published“! a booklet which gives interesting facts about the cause of Cancer, also tells what to do for pain, bleeding, odor, etc. A valuable guide in the management of any case. Write for it today, mentioning this paper.(Adv .brand on. thehcad oi etter De Laval Separator 3 for fewer pounds of butter .1 Today you can buy a popular-sized Dc Laval Separator {m- 25 lbs. or 11% less butter than was required for the same size machiho in 1913. In addition the De Love] of today is a very much better machine, having 10% more capacity. a Bell Spccd-Indicator, scli'ccntcring bowl, bowl holding device, and othcr improvements and refinements. More. you can get a better Dc Laval for fewer pounds of butter. In 1913 it took 231 lbs. of butter!» pay for a popular sized Dc Laval Scparator-baecd on avcragc butter prices for thc'ycar. (736M the best Crea The new Dc Laval Separator, which has now been on the market for over a ycar and c f which there are already more than 100,000 in use. is acclaimed on all sides as being the best Dc Laval ever made. That is saying a great deal when it is considered that Dc Laval Separators ‘ -hevc millions of men who regard them as the finest machines made; 9 a—havcwonmotethaniioomiscefcrcfll -—Irc overwhchningly endorsed-for efficiency of service by cow testers. who reach over 6000 dairy farms and best skint-milk fi'om separate“; Salt-Centering Bowl. Sufficient freedom to given in the De Laval Bowl at the point of 1 spindle support to permit the bowl to ccntcr S lf- 0: ' ° 3.3m the machine. “mas lbu LoscMon “nth l1 W04 butter-fl". I! lose men using an inferior or wom-out cream ecparator. There are hundreds clam iv. yo a by Level in from six months' to a year’s time. There is «rough butters“! bciu ' tod wast' th ' 1' Do Wm.” " m3 emeo “M thclargcetinthcworldnunningfullfome. eral factories the nine of the De Laval plant, $6.60 to $14.30 Down“ ~ $3.96 to $8.58 per Month Uyoownttobuyacrcemmcmeothe mm' mummamhdmmg“ Ill Dc lava! Agents sell them other mid “fit. I! also prod umawm. itself what it atta-na separating speed. Thus the bowl runs smoothly and withOut vibra- t tion. which adds to the efficiency and life at Light Rum-ring. The De Laval Bowl is so designed as to shape, height. diameter and distribution of weight as to aflord the least possible resistance in being revolved, which 2 together with the automatic oiling system and superior design and construction of the driving mechanism, causes the Dc Laval Bowl to requirctbelcutpower to drive, and afl'ords the lcalt strain and wear itto mmthaobyany W cleaner milk. '2 over 20 years. cicocyofopcration: it is. With such remarkable achievements a new Dc Laval must be very good indeed to be better—and Ask your Dc Laval Dcalcr to show you the new Dc Laval. Try it alongside of any separator made and you will be convinced of its superiority. All-Around Superiority. A combination of the foregoing features, together with superiority of.Dc Laval design, workmanship 3 and materials, enables a De Level to separate In 1923 it requires only 206 lbs. of butter (avcrag months) or 11 buy the same size machine. which has since been greatly improved. 9 price {or first ten /0 less than in 1913, to —~arc uscdeand approved by crcamcrymcn, col- lege and dairy authorities. and the best ddirymcn and farmers; —-and have the longest record ofuac. as provcd by the average lil'c of the thousands of machines entered in the “Oldest Dc Laval User: Contest," which averaged Autonmnc‘ Oi System more thoroughly under all conditions of use. delivering a smoother cream capable of malt’l - ing better butter; to separate a richcrcrcam can support. (per pound ofcapecity) and W ' in addition, these ncw Dc Levels have other improvements and refinements, all of which give their owners the grcatcst value obtainable in a cream separator. cy Kym/(701? ‘aVingaNcw Delaval 3 Send for this Free Catalog About the Wonderfiil with less loss of butter—fat; and to separate with grcatcr efficiency at lower temperatures: Greater Convenience is also obtained in the new Dc Laval: through the use of a I bowl holder which is attached to the supply \ Convenient Bowl Holding Device “mum Nahuatl): NcwDeLovd ~Tclls All Dr. Dawd Roberts Animal Medicines A Prescription for E very Animal Aliment ‘ Successfully Used for More than 30 YEARS Ask for Free Copy of the Cattle Specialist and how to get the Practical Home Veterinarian without cost. Veterinary advice free. not Medicine: of Draught on Dealer, or Direct. DR. DAVID ROBERTS VETERINARY CO. Inc., 152 Grand Ave., Waukeslia, Wiscon'sin J} Gertrude Vernon Ewalt and her purebred Collie puppies PedigreedScOtchCollie P U P P I E S For CHRI STBIAS What better present for a real boy or girl than a beautiful Sable and White Collie Puppy? It’s certainly an all year and a year after year present; It need not be shipped of course, until just be— for CHRISTMAS. YES, «Get started early. Write for Special prices. “’OLVERINE COLLIE FARM KENNELS Dr. \‘I‘. Austin \V. Ewalt Mount Clemens, Michigan Cured His Rupture I was badly ruptured while lifting a. trunk several years ago. Doctors said _my only hope of cure uiis an operation. Trusses (lid me no good. IFinzilly I got. hold of something that quickly and com— pletely cured me. Years have passed and the rupture has never returned. although I am doing linrd Work :is u carpenter. There was no nprl‘nlinn. no lost time, 110 trouble. I have nothingr to Sc“, but will give full llifm‘lllzitlnii about how you may nd a complete (‘lll'L‘ without operation. if you write to me. Eugene M. l'ullen, Carpenter. Bil-K Marcellus Avenue, Man. asquzin, ’ . Better cut. out this notice and show it to any others who are rup— tured—you may suw ll. llll‘ or I‘ll least. Site) the misery of rupture and the worry Ill danger of an Ullcl‘uthll. RHEUMAT I have returned home after 2 years' serVice in France with the A. F. While in France I obtained from al.110t(‘(l F r e n c h ph siciiiii a prescription 0 r the , treatment 0 f Rheu— matism a n d Neuritis. ~ I have given it to thousands with uonderful re- sults. The prescription costs me nothing. l as will mail it it ' .‘Vuilhvlll send A postal “'1” l-rmg it. nothing for it. Write in 0 your address. today. PAUL CASE, Box 452, D107, Brockton,‘ Mass. DON’T WEAR A TRUSS BE COMFORTABLE—— \Vear the BrooksAppliance. the modern scientific invention uhiwh gives rupture sufferers lullilviliuti- relief. has no obnoxious 5 rings or .pads. Automatic Air gushions bind and draw together the broken parts. No solves or plasters. Durable. Cheap. Sent on trial to prove its worth. Ee— ware of imitations. Look for trade-mark bearing portrait and Slglllltlll‘Q of C. E. Brooks which ap- ' )ears on every Appliance. None other genuine. ‘ull information and booklet sent free in plain sealed envelope. MR. C. E. BROOK: ISM" Let us~tan and manufacture your season’s catch into a coat, robe, neck piece, cap, mittens of finest quality and latest design. Custom Furriers Since 1878 Send for Illustrated Price List READING ROBE 8: TANNING CO. 216 East St. Reading, Mich. WE TAN and make to your order from vour l‘attle. llorse Illld all kinds of Hides and Furs, Men's Fur Coats, Robes, (Hips. Gloves and Mittens, Ladies’ Fur Coats and Fur Sets. Remodeling and Relmll‘lllg latest styles. Ship 11s your work and slve one-half. New Gallo- u‘iiy Coats, vRobes, Gloves and, Mittens lor sale. We are the oldest Galloway Tanners : 3 6 years continuous busi- ness. liree style Catalogue, irices and samples. Don’t ship your ides and furs. elsewhere until you get our proposition. HILLSDALE ROBE & TANNING CO. Hillsdale, Michigan. IRWKS APPLIANCE 00.. 297 SIIIE $1.. MARSHALL, MICII PEERLESS WIRE 8. FE" ’ DON. 2120 CLEVELAND; 035 c ' LAKE LAND FUR EXCHANGE V , . Salem, Michigan. “rite for tour grade list. No complaint from shipper lll over :3 years. Good tretttlllellt given pays more than hiin prices. HAVE YOUR POULTRY FOR SALE ? AN AD IN M. B. F. WILL SELL 1T. ECZEMA CAN BE CURED Free Proof To You All I want is your name and address _so I can send you a free _trial I want you just to try this treatment—that’s all—Just treatment. try it. That’s my only argument. J. C. HUTZELI. DRUGGIBT' I’ve been in the Retail Drug Business for 20 years. I served four years as a member of the Indiana State Board of Pharmacy and five years as PreSident of the Retail Druggists’ Assocxation. Nearly everyone in Fort Wayne knows me and knows about my successful treatment. Over twenty thousand Men. Women and Children outside of Fort Wayne, liave,.accord1ng to their own state-' ments, been cured by this treatment since I first made this offer public. If you have Eczema, Itch. Salt Rheum, Tetter—never mind how .bad— my treatment has cured the worst cases I ever saw—give me a chance to prove my clairn. Send me your name and address on the coupon below and get the trial treatment I want to send you FREE. The wonders accomplished in your own case Will be proof. CUT AND MAIL TODAY — . ' J. c. HUTZELL, Druggist, No. 4831 West Main St, Fort Wayne, Ind. Name ‘ post mam Please send without cost or obligation to me your Free Proof Treatment. Am- Stnn- ' l uh banks to the round Irish Cobblers, the exhibits showedwonderful col- or, bloom, and finish, and made a picturevwhich the average person could hardly believe possible of the prosiac potato. The Russet Rural was easily the leading variety at the Show. In fact, this variety had more exhibits than all other varieties combined. Next came the White Rurals, with the other varieties trailing as to number of exhibits. In the exhibit of 32 potatoes, Ed- ward Sutton of Central Lake won first with his peek of Russet Rurals and the same peck was later award— ed the championship of the whole show. The peck class of Russet Rurals was really a “contest of the champ— ions” as it included the exhibits of Lee Sneathen of Charlevoix who won sweepstakes at the Internation- al Potato Show at Duluth this year and Ernest Pettifor of Gaylord who won the championship of the 1922 International. Sneathen’s exhibit placed a close second while Pettifor was awarded third. When the visitor saw the dozens of other exhibits, all of splendid quality and uniformity, which did not come within the prize money, it was easy to appreciate that winning a place in this competition meant a real honor. The Upper Peninsula came in for its share of the potato, honors as first place in the White Rural peck competition was won by C.’ R. Mill- ar of Manistique, while John De— Longchamps peek of Green Moun— tains won first in its class. The best peck of Irish Cobblers was exhibited by George Harrison of Manton and Wm. Howe of East Jordan won first prize with a peek of Early Ohios. In the “any other variety” class, first place was award— ed to Chas. Albert of Vulcan, who exhibited a splendid peek of Russet Burbanks. Otscgo Has Best County Exhibit A county exhibit consisted of 12 samples of 32 potatoes each, to be selected from the exhibits made by individual growers. Otsego county placed first; Cheboygan county, second; Emmet county third; and Presque Isle county fourth. To encourage the selection of better market potatoes, the Michi— gan Potato Growers’ Exchange of- fered prizes for the best exhibits of market potatoes shown by coopera- tive marketing associations. First place in this division was won by the Central Lake Marketing Ass’n. with the Lake City Ass’n. second and the Marquette County Farm Bureau, third. . A novel feature of the potato exhibit was a contest whereby the housewives visiting the Show ex- pressed their judgment as the kind of potatoes they prefer. Several exhibits, each composed of 150 lbs. of table stock, were displayed and were designated by numbers. Each lady was given a ballot on which she marked the number of the ex— hibit which she would prefer to buy. Interest in this feature was very marked among the visiting house- wives. r A guessing contest, which con— cerned the number of apples and potatoes displayed in two piles, also received much attention. Potato Producers Hold Meeting The Michigan Potato Producers’ Ass’n. held two meetings in connec- tion with the Show. Warehouse construction and storage conditions were the two topics especially em— phasized. Prof. Floyd Fogle of the M. A. C., Dept. of Farm Mechanics, described approved types of storage houses and showed the details of construction. Prof. Fogle stressed the importance of proper ventilation in these houses. He predicted that potatoes would soon be stored in bonded houses, similar to other commodities which now have that privilege, which would enable the grower to finance his business on the warehouse receipts. The im- portance of having the best storage houses, so as to comply with the re- quirements of bonding; waS‘shown clearly. ' C. in connection with eases, »showed that most ‘of ;.i-the ' ‘2 l caused by, insufficient ventilation. He explained that‘?'the potato is a. " J. Kotillapwho has been doing‘ . special research work for the M. A. potato jdis- ‘ troubles met In “storing potatoes --arev.,-.‘-; living plant and that the life pro- cesses go on Within the tuber dur-‘ ing the winter. This makes it nec- essary that the tuber have a sufiici— ent supply of oxygen otherwise breakdown will occur in the tissues of the tuber. Mr. Kotilla showed how this breakdown appears first as rings 'or " spots under the surface of the tuber and later extends to the well known “black heart.” These conditions may be caused by lack of proper ventilation of by too high tempera- tures in storage. In the later case ‘the result is the same inasmuch as the high temperature stimulates the potato and it therefore requires more oxygen to supply its “breath- ing” process. ‘ An honor club, which admits to membership only those potato grow- ers who obtain an average yield of not less than 300 bushels of pota- toes per acre, has been promoted, this year by the Michigan Potato Producers’ Ass’n. Those winning membership this year are as fol-,- lows: Yield PerA. Name Acres Bu. A. L. Dunlap, Lurpton ........... .... ..2 301 E. B. Loehne, Central Lake ...... ..2 322 A. Verschme, Manistique ............ "2% 324 A. N. McDonald, Millersburig....2 395 Arthur Hockin, Kewadin ............ ..4 333 Tony Shocks, Central Lake ........ ..2 318 Irvin Cole, Alanson ...................... ..2 359 J. G. Woodman, Paw Paw .......... ..9 350 C. S. Dearborn, Belleaire .......... ..3 350 F. Schmalzreitl, Levering .......... ..10 342 M. E. Parmelee, Hilliards .......... ..2 363 M. A. Rec-tor, Rockford .............. ..2 322 J. DeLongchamp, Champion ...... ..3 420 Harry Reilly, Belleaire ................ ..2 310 R. Bennett, Alba .................... ..3 308 Lee Sneathen, Charlevoix .......... ..2 390 H. J. Bonnett, Beaverdam ........... "21/2, 305 H. Vandersilk, Central Lake .... "4% 400 W. Bowers & Son, Central Lake 2 350 In addition to the honor of ob- taining membership in the “300 Club,” each of the above growers was presented with a very attractive medal watch fob. The 1923 champ— ionship goes to John DeLongchamp of Champion with his average yield of 420 bushels per acre. FER DEPARTMENT TRAPPING THE WEASEL 0 animals are more blood-thirsty and carnivorous than the wea- sel tribe. » They are 'well equipped both in, actual weapons and in activity of body and have powers [quite out of preportion to their size. They are gifted with a magnificant fur which in the colder climates, turns a snow white during winter months. Skins should be cased fur side out. The fur of the White, Weasel is most valuable; that of__the brown ~weasel is only worth a few cents. Locate runway or place weasel frequents and hang bait from limb of tree by piece of string, so that it is just within reach of the animal. Bait should hang about 12 inches from trunk of tree and trap should be directly under. Always keep traps used for small animals proper— ly oiled so they will spring with very little pressure upon them. When trapping for weasel as well as all other animals, great care should be used to cover traps and remove all unnatural appearance. Use rab- bit, bird or liver for bait. MICHIGAN HOLSTEIN BREEDERS ADOPT PREFIX NAMES IVE Michigan Holstein breeders, have adopted prefix names within the past three months for use in naming their cattle. These names have been reserved on the books of The Holstein-Friesian Association of America for the ex- clusive use of the breeders. They are: Security, M. 0. Post- huma & iSons, Coopersville; Post- dale, John E. Post, Durand; Mas- farmco, M. J. McPherson,‘Howell; 'Oshtemo, H. B. McMurray, Kalama- zoo; Cool Lake, Earl Fairbanks Jr" Lansing. ‘ ' ‘ The use of prefix names is of de- cided advantage to the breeder- It gives him. the use of, all names in new combinations, “Evenf thOse in previous use’ by'bther' persons» and . , hesit- ' W The ,pirefix .18.” .‘ .0 gimp. _inakes selection of‘fiame‘shl‘essjdig- -<;»W:M~wng . . . .. a a, “Almvr’NA-E‘me . . . .. . - NOT GOOD PLAN TO FORCE KENS TO MOULT 13 it a good plan to force hens to moult? About what time and how should they be fed during that time? -——Mrs. B. H., Snover. Mich. ——It is not practical to force hens in— to a premature moult. A number of experiments have been conducted in relation to egg production and moult- ing. Most of the heavier producers delay moulting until September fif- ' teen or later; in fact most hens that moult subsequent to this date are Worthy of being included in the breeding pen. Such hens usually moult_ quickly and resembl’e a pin cushion at certain stages_ of the moulting period. The early and slow moulters are undesirable and do not return to early production as many people seem to believe. A good ration for the moulting would be as follows: Scratch feed: two parts cracked corn, one part wheat, 20 per cent bran. 20 white middlings, meal, 20 ground oats, 15 meat scrap, 5 old process oil meal.—E. C. Fore- man, Professor of Poultry Hus- bandry, M. A. C. MICHIGAN TO HAVE CERTIFIED BABY CHICKS Michigan Baby Chick Assoc- iation has completed its plan for the certification of flocks and state inspection of hatcheries. This announcement was made by C. J. DeKoster, secretary of this A'ssoc- iation, , This is welcome news to the chick—buying public and the Michigan Baby Chick Association is performing a distinct service to the poultry industry of the state. It will put the poultry business on a firmer basis. , For many years Michigan farmers and poultrymen, like those of other states, have been the victims of un- scrupulous poultry producers and hatcheries who had the ability to write flowery advertisements but did not deliver chicks of good quality. There were also many good reliable poultry-men in the state, but buyers had no way of knowing the good from the bad. The Michigan Baby Chick Association saw the necessity of this move more than two years ago and immediately laid the found- ation. Progress was slow but sure. The work was started ‘in 1922 by the Michigan Agricultural College but a shortage of men and funds made it necessary to drop the work. This year_ the Association has form- ulated a plan whereby they can do the work themselves under the sup- ervision of the M. A. C. Several plans were suggested and discussed and the following was finally put in- to use: , The certification plan provides that every flock furnishing eggs to the hatchery must be inspected by a member of the inspection commit— tee of the association. The pullet flocks are carefully inspected for size, rate of maturity, freedom of disease, uniformity of type, uni~ formity of growth and productive ability. The hens are rated for lateness of moult. size and uniform- ity, general vigor, freedom of dis- ease and productive ability. Male birds are inspected for size and phy- sical development, character, consti- tutional vigor and breeding. Then the inspector is to deter- mine what the general conditions around the farm are, such as sanita- tion, ventilation, over-crowding. forcing for production and feeding. These are the points upon which the score cards will be judged by the board of directors to whom the inspector makes his report. Flocks that do not come up to the standard requirements will not be certified. When a flock fails to pass the in— spection test. ,the flock owner bene- fits by the inspection and can gen: erally improve his flock and within a few years, may be .able to have ti'fied. When a flock, passes ,, on a certificate is. issued ‘ ' " 1' whoring wait. his , 20 corn Most of the hatcheries in the state are coming in on this certified stock plan. It will mean better chicks, better satisfied customers and a big boost for the baby chick industry of Michigan. Before the 1924 season opens all hatcheries of members of this As- sociation will be inspected by a man from the poultry department of the Michigan Agricultural College. Hatcheries will be inspected for san- itation. ventilation and general con— ditions. This works hand in hand with the certification plan and un- less a hatchery has the facilities to hatch good strong chicks under good conditions it will not be able to sell certified stock. The Association feels that a man can have the best stock in the world and if they are not hatched right the stock will do no one any good. Plans of this kind have been used by the state of Wisconsin success- fully; Illinois has adopted a similar plan for next year; and why should Michigan lag behind? Michigan is not lagging behind, thanks be to a few live men. who have put this big thing across. We say “Big” thing, because we believe that the certi- fication of flocks and a state inspec— tion of hatcheries is the biggest for- ward step that has been made in the poultry industry of the state. (jNCLERUBESHNAQEjfiXS MAN IS HEAD OF THE HOUSE EST a few days ago or there J about, a feller Where I work at ———he’d been quite a bit chesty ’bout how he run things out to his place—~sed he was boss at home an’ run his own place. Well, you [know how it is when a feller gits that way? Of course no human bein’ has ever figgered Out ’zactly how comes—but any way, some fellers do ’magine they run things up in their homes an' less they git too chesty 'bout it I most gen’rally let ’em dream their dreams and say nothin’ ’bout it. But this young guy got onto my nerves a little. Oh he wasn’t a-kid,—r»"»5 or 36 prob'ly— an’ I argued w..h him ’cause bein’ long in yearswnot old you know, but well past my twenties—I kinda sort 0' thought he wasn’t much dif— ferent from any other married man. So you see, just to prove I was right and that he didn’t run his own home I angled ’round ’til he invited me out to his house for dinner—4M Sunday dinner. Well now I have my Sunday dinners paid for—Athat is gen’raly speakin, if not. well then I.wait"’til Monday and I can most allus git trusted on Monday. But to continue—or rather git back to where I wuz at. He invited me to go out to his place for my Sunday dinner. Well an’ good! I'accepted the invitation at once, I wanted to see a house where the husban’ wuz boss an' so I sed I’d be glad to go out. This wuz on Thursday night an' I wuz quite proud to think that I, out of all the youngsters comin’ from the South. that I wuz the only one in. vited. An' he invited me ’cause I had advocated ’at a man should run his own place. ~ Oh, well, folks, I didn’t go out there, I’m sorry as I can be. I know you’re sorry to. Saturday night—jest the night when I thought it'll be a short night cause I was planin' on a free dinner—by the great horned spoon an’ striped cats an’ blind pigs—the young teller came to me an’ sez—in a kinda sin- ful voice. “Uncle Rube its all off, the wife don’t want company an’ I can't take you out to the house with— out her consent an’ “-—well folks. he took off his workin' can an' showed me a bunch. a lump on his head Jest 'bout the size of a brown leghorn egg and he sez “you see how It is, Uncle Rube—Course" he sez, I run my own home but——-my wife don’t wantyou out there". Oh _ I’m so glad I’m free, no woman can ., tell me where to go. and when ..to . new rams “r...” W V} _ ‘ r *' ue.‘_w 's‘ " cranked standerd- .~«. ‘ e h r . . Mun. emanating. sF-rse ' my Engine - man he a: _ .——¢,'—"‘::': l FREE like it. Simple in construction one engine, yet it takes the . lace of six engines. Itwill give 284m" °°"d rom lMto 6 H. P..yetitisso anda easily. Set put it to work. Change Power »as Needed anywhere. ' tween. another is instantaneous. Burns Kerosene line. inch rip saw, a masher. a pump. er. it sure runs light that two men can carry it than 53““ h” it anywhere and Ding balanee, and it sets qlliet Clarence Rutledge. of Mani- .tpfilan Island. OEdtario.d says: ave given my war 5 our It is a 6 H. P. when you need years’ steady work and like it 6. Of 1% H- P- When you nfld fine. It uses very little fuel. I only 1%. or any power .111 b9- run a 28-inch cord wood saw. Fuel consumption “I also a rip saw. 8-inch grinder, proportion to power used and ensilage cutter. line shaft for remarkably low at 31] am”- shop. churn. washer. separator Adlustment from one power 90 and. pump. Have had ten other engines and the Edwards beats ‘ em . Frank Foell, of Cologne. New 0963‘” w‘ut‘aké’i'gsene 0’ M Jersey. says: “ It’s a great pleas- ' i TEash 3’ a t t" “0 631.1!“ me to own an Edwards engine. 1‘3- e “"3 es g” cm“ I tuna wood saw. cement mixer. "Isetouttobuiidafmengino that would have every feature ; the farmer wanted and none he didn’t want. It has now been on the market six years. Then- sands of satisfied users tell me I've su ed. I'm proud to " have thisengine hear my name". —A. Y. Eowms Try ThfS‘ ’e’m‘i'rkable Eng1ne - value on the market. And you can prove all of these statements to your own satisfaction. when u no cum m we mesme- as... New York. says: "Only engine my to °mw It 1' may economical for all 'obs. I run a threshing machine. etc. Do work for my neighbors. Easy to move around and easy to run. I would not have any other." Free Trial one: No_w-— I want to prove my claim to you. I want to send you an Edwards Engine for ab- solutely free trial. Just write your name and address on cou- pon and mail. 1 will send at once complete details about my farm engine and about my free trial offer. No cost or obliga- tion. Mail coupon now. mums COUPON 0 . ' EDWARDS MOTOIslprCimsdd. Oh|° Mdn‘ Street. . d tion. I6“ out cost 0" 9mm“ 1 our With m descnfggsr {’mytfld saw. a 24- erfect run- le ' me ~ coma?” details 0 M .«cuve‘ .... o-MWM Add reII And they .told me . she had “Incurablo paralysls." then I ' gave her ' HAPPY HEN WORM REMEDY and no_w she is just as fine as ever. birds develop leg—weakness. so light. or‘ ye pale faces and combs send at once for this_ wonderful life saver, recommended by leadm poultrymen everywhere; $1.10 post- pard; rge flock sizes. S .50_ and $5.00 post- paid. We guarantee it to give satisfaction or money back. Interested dealers write for prices Poult DI Happy Hen Remedy Co.spec.§}lstss°“° Room 129 86 8. Market st. Beston. Mass. ' Don't let ROUP,00LD$, CAN. KER. SOREHEAD. IOWEL TROUBLE.otc. .takoyourpnyfits. Easy to cure or prevent. The Lee Way" Book. u page; by CEO. H LEE. tells lbouipoultfy lilments. how to detect,whet tad °‘°' Ge'm§f°¥hé?%ofii“ 3.1% sizes) and t s a GOES To or seed stores. or postpsid from one. :1. LEE 00. 0mm. Nd- QUALITY Chidis 5‘ E995 45.000 PURE BRED BREEDERS. 15 Varietim. a... laying sir-Ins. Incubate25.000 eggs daily. CatalogI‘h-oe. Provo-r prloes. Free live delivery. Missouri Poultry Farms. Columbia. Mo. HIGHEST PRICES PAID ‘FOR LIVE AND Dressed Poultry, .Veal. Rabbits, etc. A square deal always. \Vl‘ltt‘ tn, . E. McNEILL & CO. 826 W. South Water St... Chlcaao vasfinmnmnmour Advertisements inserted under this issue. rates by return mail. Address The Department, Mt. Clemens, Michigan. Commercial Baby Chick advertisements 450 per line. you have to ofl‘er and send it in. We will put it in type, send proof and quote Michigan Business Farmer, A heading at 800 per agate line, per \Vrite out what Advertising PULLETS. HEIS MID GOGKERELS S. C. White Leghorus and S. C. and R. C. Black Enema. Must make room before cold weather. About ready to lay. LAPHAM FARMS. Plnolmsy. Mloh. a crude Utlllt Cookout: For 1:: White Wyand’ othal. Barred Whit Moms. C. W. Hoimbaoh. R. E. Michigan. LEGHORNS LEGHORNS 8. C. Buff Leghorn Hens. P113313 and Cockmh and pallets 2.50 each: cooker-sis $3.00 to Ha. She: birds a m or of correspond. Big Rapids. ORPINGTON S c oxen Ls F0 SALI. BIIFF OBPIIIGTDII ° c.0015 sea: A. J. BREWBAKER. Elsie. Mlchlgan. Maplohurst Farm Buff Orplngton CookeroIs—ln- Inbition and Production strain—Flock culled 1'- Prof. roman. 5.00 to .50. D. MORR 80R. Alblon, Mlohlgsn. AN OONAS 8. 0. ANCONA COCKERELS HATGHOED FRO. Sheppards ve best. order mer, . 5. H. CECIL gm'rfl. Rapld Clty, Mlch., R. z. ri fl 5' W135 m red Em mnuxas FCRCRM. Bu 4. moo- lid!- Flne Rose Comb R. I. Red Ix. Ich. Tur mm: 39. Giant Brenna u ‘- ‘. chm BARREéoPLYIOUTH ROCK COOKER!” “ m m ‘“ TURKEY 232° LAPHAM PARIS. Imam. Mich. V S Pure Brod Mammoth Broom Turko s. c m mm “liming: lmmn chrd". strain. Large and vigorous. Unrglatedhmm Ah ‘on red-to-Ia 8. 0. But! MPS- 3- Smattl. R. ‘I. East Jordan. Mich. horns FAIRIIIEW POULTR FARM. C . . BOURBON RED wwxnvs: THE BEST SIDI M Prop" Ann rbor, Mlchlgsn I e for a farm. We $400.00 w yair. Write for e I“ R. W. ROBOL A . Hosperla. Mlohlgsn. rOR SALE UNRELAWD STOCK. BOURBON Bod tin-k Brown uld Whi Chinas Cane geese. 13m Muscovy ‘ adian and wild Mallard Duck. Pearl :uineas. J. D. CALLAOHAR, Fenton. Michigan. R8. LARGE VIG£3008.BOURBON RED STOCK 'hirk A I“??? BXEACOI. Rt. Mar-lotto. Mlchlam BOURBON BED TURKEY swim” THOMAS G. GALLAGHAN. Fenton, Mlohlgnn. mmuom snouzz TURK on For breedin orig. Write mans P E BRED‘ JOHNSON R EV FARM.'le Lakes, Michlgan. puns snso snouze TURKEYS. HEAVY. well mark Hens $6.00. Toms $9.00. HA8. a. cause. Deckervlfle. Mich. momma-s ass-r amn- m Another excellent 35.3?“ Tunis.“- - . 100 m in mam-an each year. Mh°°mnud m sun by buym‘ only. M. svnmm Mist!th loan. MIoh. Brod and: exam- mung“? g Wakm Wynn- ohm. Elohim. "II" "n d' n‘ " m .1. 3mm TURKEY.» Fee-fleascEEIEcIfim Insemuu “at. t and ocean .I. A. Barnum. m. on; Ileh. n n mm on. I: soon coon: a5 was“... “is? its! .1" It?" a” 3-“ v "or "J , asses sacs. I. _ .. ohm. uu‘ -su ' ’n‘us IARRID ifi ' Show 0 ' "0N5- fl BALE-4 sun “I”? II. IMIZI O Tuonouonsu n‘, . . r Bale. , A . . Write form ,M =~ . ‘ FOOTE’S MARKET LETTER BY W. W. FOOTE Farming Conditions ERHAPS never before were farming more mixed than now, and while there are many com- plaints of hard times and forced economy, numerous reports come from more prosperous districts where farmers and stockmen have been able to meet their obligations without going heavily into debt. Naturally, the worst reports come from exclusively wheat growing dis- tricts, but many farmers who are in the habit of carrying on dairying as well as devoting part of their ef— forts to raising other‘grains and feeding live stock are nore than making both ends meet. In same farming districts it is reported that an accumulation of bad paper is be— ing liquidated, numerous farmers having been carried by country banks in the hope of better crops and better prices, and this tends to postpone the dawn of a better day. On the other hand, it is cheering to learn that less money is needed for financing farmers than was antici- pated. The Federal Farm Loan Board has completed its plan of financing this year’s crops, having loaned a total of $32,000,000, and the wheat growers failed to take advantage of the fullest credit facilities. Only $2,403,896 of the total loaned to farmers was loaned on wheat. All of the loans for which wheat was furnished as se- curity were made «in the St. Paul, Wichita and Spokane districts. Corn husking has been going forward steadily in the states comprising the corn belt, and early sown wheat is showing up unusually well. Hogs have been marketed in overwhelm- ing number, the last crop of pigs having been a huge one, but low prices have favored a large con- sumption of fresh pork,,a‘nd cured meats and lard have also been eaten so largely that there are no uncom- fortable accumulations anywhere. Fresh pork roasts are retailing in the Chicago meat markets at 17 cents per pound, and they are affect- ing the sales of beef and mutton to a marked degree, as these meats are not any? cheaper. The return of Thanksgiving day brought unusual- ly large supplies of poultry to mar- ket, and prices for turkeys were much lower than a year ago, re- ceipts being larger than ever before. As farmers know, turkeys are apt to be difficult to raise, but where owners are successful and raise large numbers for the market, prof— its are liberal. To a remarkable extent farmers are doing their marketing of poultry and other farm products by using motor trucks, and profits are largely in- creased thereby. ~ North Dakota farmers are great turkey men, ship— ping car loads of prime dressed turkeys to Chicago and other large markets. Increased Michigan Bean Crop The oflicial crop report for Mich- igan says the average yield increas— ed this year from 11 to 11.5 bush— els an acre, aggregating a total production of 6,532,000 bushels, and probably the largest quantity of white beans ever grown in any state in one year. The average pick is placed at 8 per cent, with approxi— mately 6,000,000 bushels of mer- chantable beans. The Bean and Pea Journal says: “The demand for soybeans has ex— ceeded the supply of the better var- ieties in Iowa, according to a mem— ber of the farm crops section of Iowa State college. This condition olbtains in spite of the fact that the acreage of soybeans has been doubl- ing annually, while in many coun- ties the acreage is estimated at from 10,000 to 15,000 acres. While most of this wage is planted with corn for hogging down a good mm fields are planted for the produc— ‘ tion of seal." Wheat 11130 3E! m the reportedm in hummus ' nose to be holding their wheat for higher price and even going so far as to defer meat of interest on mort- MARKET, SUMMARY Active buying gives wheat market strength. Corn unchang- ed. Oats and rye follow trend of wheat. Beans steady. Butter and eggs in demand. Large supply of potatoes weakens market. Apples easy. active and prices gain. Cattle trade slow but steady. Sheep and hogs (Note: The above summarized Information was received AFTER the balance of the mg. in page was set In type. It contains last minute lnformatlon up to within onohalf hem- of uolng to Dress —Edltor.) gages, other farmers are accepting prices offered, fearing values may go lower later under heavy offer- ings. Stocks in sight are growing in volume rapidly, and a short time ago it was started on the best of authority that available supplies of wheat east and west of the Rocky Mountains, in Canada and afloat ag- gregated 247,000,000 bushels, com- paring with 197,200,000 bushels a year ago. It is as evident as ever that unless especial efforts are made, wheat is not likely to sell much, if any, higher, the worlds, surplus being so great as to make sharp competition between rival ex- porting companies. The wheat sit- uation is a. domestic one, and not de« pendent upon exports, and we are importing wheat from Canada. Harvesting wheat is going on in Argentina, and the surplus of that country for export is estimated at 170,000,000 bushels, while the Ans- trailian surplus is placed at 60,000,— 000 to 80,000,000 bushels. Ger- many, France and other European countries have growu large crops of wheat and potatoes, but the"Ger- mans are so impoverished that com— paratively few are able to buy food in a normal way. Corn farmers as a class are in good shape financially, and undoubtedly they will ship a great deal of corn to market after corn husking is over. Stocks of corn now in sight are insignificant, and it is impossible to scrape up enough to bring exports to even a moderate amount, although cash Corn has had a large fall in prices: Very good exports of oats, rye and barley are reported, and rye prices still rule unusually low, with the [visable supply in this country nearly twice as heavy as at this time last year. Corn and other feeds are not generally regarded as too high for feeding to stock on the farm, al- though corn does look high when it is recalled that ‘a little more than two years ago new cash corn sold in the Chicago market for 49 cents a bushel. Late sales were made of Decem- ber wheat at $1.02, comparing with $1.19% a year ago; December corn at 72 cents, comparing with 72 cents last year; December oats at 43 cents, comparing with 44 cents last year; and December rye at 67 cents, comparing with 83 cents a year ago. Prime Dairy Cows The honor list of cows in state testing associations for October, just released by the dairy extension de- partment of the University of Illi- nois, shows that the highest produc- ing cow\in any of the 19 groups was owned by Rock River Farm in the Ogle county test group. This is the property of Senator Medill Mc- Cormick. The cow is a purebred Holstein, which produced 2,236 pennds of milk and 101.5 pounds of butter fat. The next highest cow was owned by A. D. Machamer of the Jo Dav- iess group. This cow was a grade Holstein, which produced 2,164 pounds milk and 84 pounds butter fat in the month. The highest producing herd also was owned by Mr. Machamer. Five grade hol'steins in this herd averag- ed 1,458 pounds milk and 46.1 pounds fat. The lowest record was 522 pounds milk and 82.7 pounds fat for 22 purebred Jerseys in the WWW group. , The Cattle Outlook Now that the Thanksgiving em- tensive consumption of poultry in over. the demand for. beef my be expected til the to be reasonably large un- . Christmas and New Year holidays start up another lively change during the week ending «December 1 and the grain, was ~— mand for turkeys, geese, ducks and chickens. Only a moderate demand exists for heavy beef steers, as has been the rule for many weeks, and the local packers and city butchers as well as eastern shippers show a marked preference for yearlings; which have been selling at a liberal premium over prices paid for heavy cattle. Prospects appear promis- ing for well-bred and well fattened cattle, but it appears to be the pre- vailing opinion among cattle feeders that in most instances it will not be advisable to go in for a long feed. It also is highly probable that fat cows and heifers will be good sell- ers. After a two years comparison of long and short feeding at Purdue University in Indiana it was demon- strated that light weight cattle which were roughed through the winter and fed out in the spring and summer months for marketing late in the summer have a better show for profits than heavy steers fed fer four or five months in the winter. The Chicago cattle receipts for Thanksgiving week were so un- usually small that prices advanced 25 to 75 cents, the bulk of the steers selling at $8.50 to $11.60 and the best yearlings going at $12 to $12.75, while the best heavy steers went at $11.50 to $12.25. Common steers sold at $6 to $7 and cows and heifers at $3.50 to $10.50. Stock— ers and feeders were higher at $5 to $7.50. ‘ The Hog Industry It was demonstrated months ago that the farmers had greatly over- done hog breeding, and the expla- nation of the tremendous declines in prices is found in the highly sensa- tional increased shipments to the leading packing points. The recent spread in Chicago prices has nar- rowed materially, but prime heavy butcher hogs are still selling much above the best light bacon hogs. Re- ' cent receipts of hogs in Chicago have averaged 235 pounds, being four pounds heavier than a year ago and twenty-one pounds over the ten-year average. Lard is especial- ly active at much higher prices than a year ago. Despite liberal Chicago hog receipts last week, prices were not much lower, late sales being at $6.45 to $7.15, comparing with $7.30 to $8.60 a year ago. Com- bined receipts, in twenty markets for the year to late date amount to 38,793,000 hogs, 30,351,000 ‘a year ago. , Lambs Promise Well While many more flocks of lambs’ are being fed this winter in Mich— igan, Ohio,‘ Indiana, Illinois, Wis- consin and other states than a year ago, lamb and mutton are far more popular meats than in:former years, and it looks promising for sheep- men who bought feeders right and finish them right. Around Thanks- giving the consumption of lamb meats was very small, as usual, but sellers managed to put price up on very much reduced supplies. In re- gard to marketings in the near fu- ture, it should be noted that cheap pork causes many families to buy pork in place of mutton. Poorly fed lambs are too numerous and sell badly, as do heavier lambs, especial- ly lambs weighing from 86 to 100 pounds and over. Lambs sell in Chicago at $9.50 to $13.25 and feeders at $11 to $12.35. WHEAT ,The Detroit market showed. slight steady owing 'to‘ smallness of re- ceipts. Demand from the eastern miller. is on the increase. and any, grain is said u soon as itsmm 7 comparing with mand from} other directions, dearer-s declare. . -—-———-———._'_ .. COR Offerings of the new crop are large but the quality of most of the grain coming forward is poor. Too much wet weather left the grain soft and it requires quick handling to avoid loss. Although driers are working overtime a lotof the corn is going hot and sour. This is keeping the market steady. As soon as the soft corn has been disposed of farmers are expected to hold the balance of their surplus and wait for higher prices. And if there is as much poor can; as is reported the farmer who has some first class corn stored away will make some money before several months have passed. OATS Oats are firm and unchanged at Detroit. (Some of the other large' markets in this country report prices slightly higher and demand fair. Country offerings to arrive are nil. — BYE There is nothing doing in the Detroit rye market and the grain is easy with a quiet tone prevailing. BEANS There was a gain of 5 cents in the « Detroit bean market last Saturday ' but this left the price 10 cents und- er what it was a. week previous. Fair quantities of beans are being shipped to New York from Mich— igan. The eastern dealers are re- ported to be well pleased with the grade of beans they are receiving from our state this year. POTATOIE Potatoes were fiirm at Chicago on the market. There islittle de-‘ last week but lower on most other _ markets. At Detroit ,the supply was plentiful and the market had an easy tone to it. HAY Trade has been rather slow and eastern markets especially have ‘ a little easier tendency. Receipts have been ample and under a light de- mand these markets have been un- able to realize top prices for any- thing under very choice stock. QUOTATIONS Wheat Detroit—Cash No. 2 red and No. 2 mixed, $1.101/2. Chicago—Cash No. 1 hard, $1.10, @1.11. ' Prices one year ago —- Detroit, Cash No. 2 red, $1.33; No. 2 white and No. 2 mixed, $1.31. Corn ’ Detroit—Cash No. 3 yellow, 81c: No. 4,_ 76c. r Chicago—Cash No. 2 mixed. 761,40; No. 2 yellow, 77%@86¢. Prices one year ago ——- Detroit, Cash No. 2 yellow, 760; No. 3, 750. Oats Detroit—Cash No. 2 white, 4936c; No. 3, 4756c. Chicago—Cash No. 2 white, 44% @45 I;é,c. . Prices one year ago — Detroit, Cash No. 2 white, 49%c; No. 3, 480. Rye Detroit—Cash No. 2, 73¢. Chicago—Cash No. 2, 72c. Prices one year ago —-— Detroit, Cash No. 2, 890. Beans Detroit—C. H. ’P., per cwt. Prices one year ago —— Detroit. C. H. P., $6.75 per cwt. - x Potatoes Detroit—-—$1.10@ 1.20 per cwt. Chicago—J$1.00@1.10 per cwt. Prices one year ago —-—- Detroit. 920 per cwt. ~ - ' Hay Detroit—No 1 timothy, $23.50@ 24; standard and light mixed,‘$22.- 50@'2‘3; No. 1 clover $2}1@22 per ton. : " . Chicago—No. 1, timothy. '.,_$25@ 26; No. ,1 clown. ' " light player mixed. (34 Prim, one? is: No.‘ 1 time" ' ._ $17 ‘34.75@4.so a” N a .andflerds, 5 25“; No. '1 f” ._,.....V_. “1‘; ‘-- ._, rm...“ 4- In A ' “Am‘mMAflAfl—lhmA—l‘mfi-‘-H EQ‘QJ—nnn :- m‘n a...“ l i i. . { ruinous prices for grapes. . a distillation . I? ‘ Injure Apple Market fresco to 46“ sei- cent a: the "trial; crop on futures before the crap is lilTharvested. Herargafe‘d that such a" practice would tend to prevent 'glut- ted markets and would make a g-fouudation for the market at har- " ’ ve ng time. ' ' - vernment inspection of cars of fruit at loading points was praised as an excellent“ method of. merchand- ising as it enabled cars to be sold in the cities by auction and f. o. b. loading point. Merchandising the apple was the - topic assigned to Prof. V. R. Gard- ner, head of the Horticultural De- partment of the Michigan 'Agricul~ tural College. Using numerous, charts as illustrations, Prof. Gard- ner outlined the present apple mar- keting situation with remarkable cleanses. He showed that over :90 . per cent of the apples are sold and out of the growers’ llands by Nov- ember ,ilrst of each year. In con- trast with this dumping. Prof. Gard- ner showed that the demand for ap- ples is practically constant through- out the ten months from August to May, inclusive, whereas the bulk of the marketing is done within a com- paratively few weeks following the harvesting. Using data obtained from chain stores, restaurants, and grocery stores in Detroit, Lansing and Grand Rapids, Prof. Gardner showed how remarkably uniform this demand is for apples through— out the year. Without minimizing the import- ance of grades, standards, advertis- ing, cooperative marketing mach- inery, and the like, Prof. Gardner showed how proper merchandising is the key to the apple situation. “If there -is one principle more basic, more fundamental, than all others in merchandising it is that success lies in being able to sell people what they want, where they want it, and when they want it," stated Prof. Gardner in emphasizing his point that merchandising the apple must be‘ made as stable a transac- tion as the daily sales, of codes, shoes, and sugar. Home storage of fruit is rapidly decreasing and now the greater part of the apple crop is marketed in small quantities from week to week. More storage capacity, especially cold storage, is a prime necessity in Michigan today, according to Prof. Gardner. “With a commercial pro- duction averaging .more than 1% million barrels of,app1es annually Michigan should have storage facili- ties for at least 1 million barrels," stated Prof. Gardner. A Fight on Futures The question of whether, or not, future sales of fruit are, an advan- tage to the fruit grower was the most debated, and hotly contested question of the meeting. James Nicol, of South Haven, President of the Michigan Fruit Growers Inc., the central coopera- tive fruit marketing exchange of the state, attacked the present system of selling fruit on future sales. He , described a transaction of this past grape marketing season wherein a fruit broker in Michigan sold one ‘hundred cars of grapes for future delivery.’ Having thus sold him- self “short” the broker proceeded to flood the grape growing section with letters telling of a large grape crop in California. and predicting a glut on the markets with consequent In ’ this way the broker proceeded to ham- mer down prices and break the grape market. This whole transac- tion. enabled the broker to buy grapes at low prices to fill orders which had been sold previously at much higher figures. Mr. - Nicol advocated government regulation of these sales of futures and insisted that each future sale should be registered. With the sales thus recorded and available for inspection, Mr. Nicol believes that much of this market manipu- lation will be abolished. "No deal- ' 4 or should have the right to sell 100 . cars of fruit at any price he pleases 1 when: he . doesn’t own 9. dollars 11h. of fruit himself." stated Mr. #131! he is allowed to do this. 9,}: V d he. be recorded and .published in the. the benefit of the " voring”;g0verument reg- future “sales. of fruit. / Asserting that the sale of Michi- gan apples in car lots in bulk is working great injury to the reputa- tion of Michigan fruit and is also a direct injury to Michigan .fruit growers who carefully grade and pack their fruit, the State Hort. Society passed a resolution demand- ing that sales of bulk apples incar- load lets be designated as a nab at a closed package and be subjected- to the rules and regulations now ap- plying to smaller packages. The Society also passed a resolu- tion asking for a Truth-In-Frult— Juices law which will protect both the fruit grower and also the cou- sumer of the fruit juices. Air-cooled Storages For Fans Storage houses cooled by air are profitable investments for the fruit growers and more at then should be built. according to Prof. Roy E. Marshall of the M. A. C. Hos-tics! Dept. Prof. Marshall stated that there are now about 14 of these air— cooled apple storages in Michigan and they have a total capacity of 107,000 bushels. Twelve of these storages were built during the past year, showing that Michigan grow- ers are waking up to the need for storage facilities. The advantages of small air-cool- ed storages were explained by Prof. Marshall as follows: Require only a moderate investment, have low op— erating cost,- allow the grower to spend all of his time harvesting be- cause later in his storage he can sort, grade, and pack. and permit the grower to hold his fruit until the market conditions warrant his selling. Where the quantity of fruit is 50,000 barrels, or more, a commer~ cial cold storage is desirable. “There should be five or ten more cold storages, with a capacity of from 50,000 to 150,000 barrels each, lo— cated in our principal fruit produc- ing sections," declared Prof. Marsh- all. Increase in Cherry Crop George Friday of Coloma, speak- ing on the subject of Cherry Mar- keting, stated that within 10 years the cherry crop of Michigan will have quadrupled. He recommend- ed careful preparation in advance to handle the marketing of this prospective increase. Fertilizing Prof. F. C. Bradford spoke on “Profitable and Unprofitable Use of Fertilizer In the Apple Orchard." Careful study of three experi— mental orchards showed that pres- ent productiou of orchards is not an accurate sign as- to whether, or not, they need fertilizer. By studying wood growth, fruiting, and bud de~ velopment some orchards are seen to be deteriorating and should re- ceive fertilizers. Other orchards, also in profitable production, may be maintaining their growth and hence the application of fertilizers would be unprofitable in such cases. The point made by Prof. Bradford was that it is necessary to carefully study the orchard before applying fertilizers, also that fertilizer is most profitably applied during the season of a big crop in order to counteract the tendency of the trees to produce a light crop the follow- ing year. Winners In Student Contests In the apple judging contest, in which students from the M. A. 0. take part, W. G. Lensen of Traverse City won first place; Gerald J. Stout of Cedar Springs. second; Lillian Lawton of Tacoma Park and H. J. Wilkinson of Detroit tied for third place. The public speaking contest for M. A. C. horticultural students was won by E. R. Bristol of Almont. Lillian Lewton of Tacoma Park was second and H. J. Wilkinson of De:- wtroit, third. Re-elect Oflioers By unanimous vote the present emcers of the Society were reelect- ed for another year. The officers are as follows: President, A. J. Rogers, Beulah. Secretary, T. A. Farrand. Eaton Rapids. / ‘ . Treasurer, J. P. Manson. Grand ,Members of ,Excutiva Committee: Prof... V. R..Gardner, M. A. 0.: R. J. all. ,‘wnrhgn. eiety tweet on reason plain: 1 {Dayna want 1593 R TEN or twenty times that much additional profit, depending simply on the number of cows you own. Listen—— Down in Fairfax Com, Virginia, the dairymen belong to a Cow Teting Association. Various kinds of feed are giventhe 655m in these herds, i but LARRO is the We! film'ite. A year’s "record, compiled by the beater, makes the ' Herds which received me than 50% of LARRO earned an avmge ?. i O net profit of $1 5 .82 more per cow than the other herds. near you. where to find him. Fully half of all these Fairfax County cows were in the LARRO extra-profit division! H Only a feed made of tested ingredients—- ‘ feed that nova varies in the kind, the quality or the percentage of mgncdients—a feed absolutely free from dswerous iron and steel trash—can make that extra money for you. LARRO answers these specifications —absolutety. There’s a LARRO dealer Write us if you don’t know The Larrowe Milling Company, Detroit, Mich. "Feeding the Fresh Cow" is the title of an article that appears in the December issue of the Larro Dairy- men. If you are not receiving this excellent, free magazine for cow- ownen, fill out and mail this coupon now, or take it to your LARRO dealer. Gentlemen: The Lari-owe Millin 52 Lsrrowe B (13.. Detroit, Mich. I am now feeding . . . . . .cows and I went to receive. with- out cost, your magazine—"The Leno Name . . o e o o o o c so...seqooeeeeoeeoeuoooeeeeeooeeeoo stmet Fl D‘l........‘..... Town . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Company Dairyman. " see. s s e u n n u u s e e n so Detroit Beef Company offers its services to the Farmers of Michigan as a high class, reliable commission house for the sale of Dressed Calves and live poultry. Write us forinformation how to dress and ship calves to market. $250,000 capital and surplus. 34 years in bus— iness in the same place and same management. Address DETROIT BEEF C0., Detroit, Mich. HE early part of this week will be generally fair in most parts of Michigan. Any showers or snow flurries that may appear at this time will be more the result of local conditions than a regular storm. HoWever, about Tuesday light rains will occur that may turn to snow hurries before the middle of the week. - These storm conditions will soon pass and the sky again become clear. Temperatures will average cold, es- pecially the nights and mornings but by, Saturday temperatures will again moderate. AWeek of December 16, p a Radical changes in temperature \ GARLOCK - WILLIAMS C0., Inc 2463 RIOI’ELLlfifgfinc’l‘BOIT, MICE. WE SOLICIT 'YOUR SHIPMENTS of live poultry, veal and eggs. Our commission is 5%. References: Wayne County and Home Savings Bank, Bradstreet. TOO LATE '1‘0 CLASSIFY Mammoth Copper Bronze Turkeys, Champlon Strain large bone, good color. Best is the cheap— est. rices reasonable. Emma Godshalk, Mar- callus, Mlchlgan. Barred Rock Cookerels. Husky, Vlgorous. Blrds bred from great layers. Sons of Detro1t and Grand Rapids lst rim) mules. . W. O. Cofiman, enton Harbor. MIch., R. 3. may be expected in Michigan this week. The high temperature points for this week will be reached about Sunday, Wednesday and earlypart of next week. Decided changes to colder will follow each of these high points, effecting this state about Tuesday and during closing days of this week. During early part of this week and again about the middle rains, turning to snow, will be more or less prominent to most parts of the state. White Christmas Christmas, 1923, will be white. We are basing this prediction upon the fact that the month in general will yield more than the normal amount of precipitation and during the cold spells this will be in the form of snow. In those sections (if there are any in the state) where the covering up to Christmas has been very light, the warmer temper- atures just before the holiday may cause it to disappear but the white' mantle will again appear either on or within 48 hours following De- cember 25th. Michigan will receive its" share of sleet and snow before the arrival of the new year. a. bearing, seIf- balancing bowl. seIf- balancing. Pine Tree Milken- AT LAST! Here is a milker with seven years’ successful record back of it. A milker that is as supreme among milkers as the Melotte is among separa- tors. Every owner of 8 or more cows can now afi’ord to buy. Send today for our special Pine Tree small-herd ofier. “L The Melotte Separator, H. B. BABSON, U. s. Mgr. 2843 West 19th Street. Dept. 33-09. Chicago. Ill. 2445 Prince Street. Berkeley. Cal. Without cost to me or obligation in any way, please send me the Melotte catalog which tells the full story of this wonderful sep- arator and M. Jules Melotte. its inventor, and hundreds of letters from American farmers. Name_ The Belgium Imported Melotte contains the famous single- from one frictionless ball bearing and spins like a top. It is It skims as perfectly after 15 years use as ( " : ___.t--...._~. :. -o—— L'- ‘ elgium Melotte Imported Separator This patent Bowl hangs We will send an Imported Belgium Melotte Cream Separator direct to your farm on 30 days’ absolutely Free Trial. Use it just as if it were your own ma- chine. Put it to every possible test. Compare it with any or all others. The Melotte is easy to keep clean and sanitary because it has only one-half the \ when new. Positively cannot get out of balance—cannot vibrate and thus cause cross currents which waste cream by re-mixing with milk. the FREE Book that tells about this great Melotte. 5 fie rcyrial Send coupon below today. Get \_ tinware of other separators. Tums so easily that b0wl spins 25 minutes after you stop cranking, unless brake is applied. No other separator has or needs a brake. After you have tried it 30 days, and you know it is the separator you want to buy, pay $7.50 down and balance in small monthly payments. Bree firm]. Your choice of any model. Post Office dc___ Write County _____ _ _ State How many cows do you milk? ’------'---—- ‘ NO MONEY DOWN—FREE TRIAL——SMALL MONTHLY PAYMENTS—DUTY FREE. This wonderful Belgium Melotte Separator has been picked by a jury of thousands of farmers—~picked by dairy experts throughout the world to be the“king” of all separators ever manufactured. It has broken all records for Efficiency of Skimming, Ease of Turning, Convenience of Operation and Durability. Send the coupon for Big Free Book. Mail coupon for catalog giving full description of this wonder- ful cream separator. Don’t buy any separator until you have found out all you can about the Melotte and details of our 15- year guarantee. Don’t wait—be sure to mail coupon TODAY! THE MELOTTE SEPARATOR, Ho 3- BABSON, U- 5- Manager 2843 West”19th Street. Dept.33-09. Chicago, Ill. - 2445 Prince Street. Berkeley. Calif. ‘ wf‘ . t \"< i 'l“*"lmr " Ti '1“ ‘ o 0 . “9.. .‘,fl.,,.~uu«w-memw).v ~v A .