__ .m. e _ _. TWO YEARS $1 R YEAR—5 YRS. $2 MS: 0 PE TER $0 ( February 2-8——See page 3. - 1 924 Hege, ’ o hxgan Owned and M 1C JANUARY19 1n d .Y URDA for the Hot Summer Days ch An Independent ine igan Agricultural C Ed \ I Farm Magaz 1te SA Getting Ready ’ Week at Mi ,_ No. 1 1 Bi Program for Farmers XI VOL , to um" I minim- the: 1b m... am am Ds mm mm 0 only as it serves, the Ford 0 n has grown to be more than a \ ‘M serves in 5. It % .1 ts stewardship maches out i w my one of the Ford Cars, Ford in stafions eqmpment. to armyth Ford service—a potent reason on Ford and Fordson Tractors on every and the andbmadthoithehnd. 1C3 CARS ‘ TRUCKS ‘ IRACTOKS Any Ford Tmcks for san nearest Pit.sz , .1...“ 3.3:: . .uvflzhjefihnn 4 a V .f: ,__. . 4% “,1 III We“ #45:“ HobrCanpmpglargdt , mwow _ ‘ M5 ‘H v . h - .,,.4._.7....‘...... gfl.’ “ ’ d .I {Part of W Ward . __... ‘.¢A~,§ .__<__... .. . Ohio ;’ “The Only Farm Magazine Owned and Edited in Michigan" publishes. ammo; ‘» TWOYEARS“ ' 3 our“: swan-am r, u . - ' ‘ st-offlca at Mt. Chanson. , ich.. under act of Mom 3rd. 1879. Meeting, Speeches, Parades, Exhibits, Concerts, Shows and- Sales Will Make It a Busy ' Week for Farmer Visitors By R. c. GROESBECK (Special Correspondent of The Business Farmer.) » 0 annual Farmers' Week pro-' gram, to be. staged at the Mich- igan Agricultural College from February 4 to 8 this year, is to be filled with the largest list of special features and attractions” of partic- r ular interest to the farmers of the state that has ever been offered. Men and women of prominence in the agricultural, business, and pro- fessional life of the state and nation have been engaged for addresses on subjects of vital interest to the “practical” farmer. These speakers will make up the greatestarray of platform talent ever offered Michi- gan farmers. _ The list of speakers includes: Walton Petite, secretary of the Na- tional Council of Cooperative Assoc- ietions, Chicago, Illinois; L. J. Tab— or, Master of the National Grange, Columbus, Ohio; H. R. Smith, Na- tional Livestock Commissioner, Chi- cago, Illinois; Dr. Hugh Cabot, dean of the School of Medicine, Univers- ity of Michigan; F. G. Ketner, Ohio State Farm Bureau, Columbus, L. Whitney Watkins, State Commissioner of Agriculture, Lans- ing; Robert S. Shaw, Acting-Presi- dent of M. A. 0.; W. T. Hartman, Director of the Bureau of Markets, Foods, and Standards, State Depart— ment of Agriculture, Lansing; Verne Branch, Director of Municipal Markets, Detroit; J. W. Nicolson, Michigan State Farm Bureau, Lans- ing; 0. E. Reed, head of the M. A. C. Dairy Division; J. T. Horner, Assoc- iate Professor of Econbmics, M. A. C., and many. other specialists from the Michigan Agricultural College. Thirty different state agricultural organizations and associations will hold their annual meetings at the college in connection with Farmers' week. These will include practical- ly all of the larger agricultural soci- eties in Michigan. Among the associations to hold their annual meetings will be: the Michigan State Farm Bureau, Mich— igan Crop Improvement association, Michigan Breeders and Feeders as- sociation, Michigan Potato Produc- ers aesociation, Michigan Beekeepers association, Michigan Soils associa- tion, Michigan Poultry Producers association, and various other spec- ’ ial groups. The annual livestock parade, more than a mile in length, will be one of the features of the week. At this time the registered blue bloods owned by the college, which won state, national, and international prizes, will be displayed to the farm- ers of the state. The visitors will also have the opportunity of inspect- ing these animals in the college barns and stables throughout the week. . Special agricultural exhibits on various phases of rural life will be shown in the agricultural show iin the new library building. The entire first floor of the new structure will be devoted to this display. The annual fruit and flower show, promoted'by the M. A. C. student horticultural club, will be another feature of the week. Prize Michl- gan apples and fruits as well as flowers are being brought together for the annual display, which is al— ways one of the most attractive d1s— Monday, February 4 1:00 .P. M. Sale of Holstein cattle (Pavilion, Agr’l. Bldg). 6:30 P. M. Motion Pictures. 7 :30 P. M. Musical Program. 8:00 P. M. Debate: College teams. ‘ Tuesday, February 5 :30 P. M. Band Concert. :00 P. M. Address—F. G. Ket— ner, Ohio State Farm Bureau. :45 P. M. Address—H. R. Smith, National Livestock Com’r. :30 P. M. Music. :45 P. M. Address~—O. E. Reed, Prof. Dairy Husbandry, M.A.C. 5:30 P. M. Formal opening of new Home Economics Building - and reception. Wednesday, February 6 1:30 P. M. Band Concert. 2:00 P. M. Address—J. W. Nic- olson, State Farm Bureau. 2:45 P. M. Address—Walton Pe— tite, Sec. National Council of Coop. Assn’s. 3:00 P. M. Music. 3:15 P. M. Address—~L. J. Tabor, Master, National Grange. 0800 M NH Tuesday, February 5, 9:00 A. M. Recital-—Music Department, M. A. C. “Value of Salads in the Diet,” with demonstration, Miss Adele Koch, Ass’t. State Leader of Extension. “What Hats Make W’ of Us,” Miss Emma P. Garrison, l Assoc. Prof. of Home Economics. “Financial Arrangements,” A Play by the Columbine Players. Wednesday, Flame 6, 9:00 A. M. . Recital-—Music Department, M. A. 0. “How to be Wise when One Buys,” Miss Julia Tear, As- sistant Prof. of Home Economics. “Step-Saving Suggestions,” Miss Marion Rogers, Extension Spec— ialist in Home Economics. “Ar— rangement of Furniture and PROGRAM 0F FARMERS’ WEEK GENERAL SESSIONS (College Gymnasium) HOUSEW’IVES’ CONGRESS (Auditorimn of New Home Economics Building) 7:30 P. M. M.A.C.—U.of M. bask- etball game. Motion Pictures in Home Economics building. Thursday, February 7 1:00 P. M. Parade of college Livestock. :30 P. M. Band Concert. :00 P. M. Address—W. P. Hartman, director, Bureau of Markets, Foods and Standards. 2:45 P. M. Address—J. T. Horn— NH er, Assoc. Prof. of Economics, M. A. C. 3:00 P. M. Address — Verne Branch, Director, Municipal Markets, Detroit. 6:30 P. M. Motion Pictures. 7:30 P. M. Music. 7:45 P. M. Address—Robert S. Shaw, Acting—President of M. A. C. A 8:30 P. M. Music. 8:45 P. M. Address—Dr. Hugh Cabot. Dean, School of Medi— cine, U. of M. ll‘riday, February 8 10:00 A. M. Sale of registered Shorthorn cattle (Pavilion, Agr’l. Bldg). Furnishings,” Miss Winifred Get- temy, Assoc. Prof. of Home Economics. Thursday, February 7, 9:00 A. M. Recital—Music Department, M. A. C. “Rickets, the Most Uni- versal Disease of Infancy,” Dr. Mario Dye,~Assoc. Prof. of Home Economics. Play—“From Dang— er Valley to Healthy Hill.” Friday, February 8, 9:00 A. M. Recital Music Department, M. A. C. “Fancy Work vs. Art Needle Work,” Miss Eunice Ry— an, Extension Specialist in Cloth- ing and Textiles. “Home Eco— nomics Here and There,” Mrs. Louise Campbell, State Leader of Extension. “Round Table Dis— cussion.” plays showu during the week. All: Michigan farmers are compete, and entries may be made until noon on February 4, the open- ing day of Farmers’ Week. Something new in livestock judg- ing will be staged this year. A spec— ial livestock judging contest for the practical “practicing” farmer is to be held, open to everyone, and of the informal type. College students, high school students, boys and girls club mem- bers, and practically all classes of novices at the farming game have been engaged in livestock judging contests for years. Teams have met at county, state, national, and international events to decide: the best pickers of blue ribbon stock, but the events have always been listed for students. This year, working on the idea. that the farmer himself knows- something about livestock, this spec— ial feature will be staged. The- event will cover many classes, and; any farmer particularly well ac- quainted with one class of livestock may try his hand at picking the blue ribbon Winners in that class. Winners at last year‘s International Livestock Show will be included in the list of stock to be judged. Other livestock judging contests for high school students will be held during the week. More than 500 Smith—Hughes high school agricul— m. m 7: 7 Gallege Making Big Plans for Farmers’j Wee-k . eligible to» ' other ‘ lural students from the state, repreuw sonting more than seventy schools, will be at the college for these con— tests. An auction sale of registered cat— tle owned by the college will be held during the week. At this time Nigh— igan farmers will have an opportun- ity to purchase purebred cattle at their owu prices. These annual sales of registered cattle. have been Very popularzwith the state farmers, and it is expected that many thorough— bred cattlc will be taken out in the. state from these sales. individual conferences between farmers Who have special problems and college specialists will be held throughout the week. Various col- lege stafi men, including specialists in every branch of agriculture, will: be in their oflices during the week to meet the farmers and confer with them on their individual problems. These conferences will give the farmer an opportunity for expert ad- vice wilhout cost to him. A number of entertainment feat-v ures have been provided for the crowds. Motion pictures, debates, plays, and band concerts will be pro- vided. The annual Michigan Aggie- University of Michigan basketball game will be staged in the college gymnasium on Wednesday evening, February 6. A special block of re- (Continued on Page 31) Valuation of State is Increased Over One Billion and a Hall Dollars , NE of the outstanding features- of the state tax situation in 1923 was the increase in the equalized valuation of the state for the purpose oil-levying the direct state property tax from $5,000,000,- 000 to $6,_540,.000,000. This increase was authorised by the: state board of equalization, composed of the three state tax commissioners, the auditor general and. the director of the de- . pertinent of agriculture. _ ~ was $i5~.5-4*5a085. ’ By thus making this big increase in the valuation, the board practice ally accepted the recommended vols:- atien of the state tax commission, Ln forms-r my the. uncommon. board. has " reduced the actual assessed The year’s work relating to taxation has been summarized by the board of state tax commissioners in the following statement: , “The primary purpose for which the board of statetax commissioners was created is to see that the provis— ions of the tax laws of the state are enforced and that all property sub- ject to taxation under that law shall bear its just proportion of the tax burden. To that end the board is given mpervisio‘n over all local as- sessing smears throughout the state, and; each year greater eiforts are made to secure. the full. and hearty or fitness embers in magnitproperty to the assess— ment mm at its“ true cash value as. required «the .. constitution and laws of the state. During the as— sessment period the entire force of appraisers is at the disposal of local assessing ofl‘icers, and great‘assist— ance is rendered by appraising for them property with which they are unfamiliar and whose actual value they are therefore unable to deter— mine. Assistance of this character has been of special value in the as- sessment of public utilities, manu- facturing establishments, and stocks of merchandise. This service is greatly appreciated by local assess- ing officers and the board each year receives an increasing. number of ap- peals for help of this character. Review Local Assessments “The board, in order that it may act in runs than. an. advisory capac- ity, is given power by the low in re— view any assessment made by a local. assessing officer. ill the U.\\,l‘i.l.. of this power, many reviews are held each year and the scope of these re- views extends from that of a single assessment to reviews of all the property within a‘ county. During the past = year complete reassess~ ments were made of the counties of Macomb and St. Clair. The review of the assessments of an entire county requires the examination and, appraisal of every piece of property within the county subject to assess-- ment. under the provisions of, the tax laws of the state and in the two; counties. named the examinations and appraisals covered many thou-v (Continued on page 19;) HE ice crop is the only one the farmer harvests that does not ,1 rob his soil of fertility and, {considering the advantages of a '-‘good home supply of ice, no im— provement is more satisfactory than .13 good ice supply. - * “Keep cool” is good advice to the farm family on hot summer days when the thermometer registers 'around ninety in the shade, when ‘fruits and vegetables must be pres- erved, when cool drinks are so de- licious, and when there is the milk and cream to be cooled and kept cold until ready for market. Eighty per cent of the dairy pro- ducts of the farm require artificial cooling before they are ready for market or home use, while 30 per cent of the value of dairy products is lost through failure or inability to *cool to a low temperature quickly. Abundant testimony can be given by the manager of a milk plant, cheese factory, or creamery_, as well as buyers of cream and eggs. Ice on the farm is not a luxury; it is a money saver and, at the same time, adds to the comfort of living ,during at least three months of the ~pear. Six months is a long time to look ahead and these'winter days do'not suggest the added heat of June, July, and August, but now is the time to “can next summer’s cold.” . When Jack Frost snaps away in January or February, it is a sign for the farmers to prepare for next jsummer’s heat and the ice season is at hand. There is no crop that . is produced as cheaply and bri, s as ' high returns as the ice crop. In— - . stead of depleting the pocketbook it ‘ enriches the farmer and makes life more attractive to his family, be— cause it supplies a wider variety of high-grade foods in summer. Cooperation in ice harvesting is more important perhaps than the common community get-together at threshing time. It is best that the ' ice be cut and hauled to the storage house as soon as possible to permit -the ice to form while it is yet cold and prevent waste if freezing weath— '.er is passing. Then, too, the work ’can be done much more efficiently ,when there are enough men and teams to do all the operations at the same time. To harvest ice efficiently a few ice tools will be needed. A steel _. scraper is desirable; some types of road scrapers can be used for this work or a. very good home-made scraper may be fashioned of wood and faced with an old crosscut saw. An iceplow is almost essential if any great quantity of ice is to be har- vested. This facilitates the removal of the porous surface ice and simpli- fles greatly cutting into blocks. Half a dozen pike poles, bearing vertical points and horizontal hooks, are needed in floating the ice to the loading platform. An ice saw may ,,.be:useful, or an ordinary crosscut saw may be used by removing one ., handle. . Ice cutting is best conducted by three squads of men, each with a team. The first squad removes the orspongy ice from the surface {it the field and plows, saws, and . the ice into blocks of a size fidst'convenient to handle. ‘ ' is” ,more _' than twelve i'ck blocks two feet square on the ('rffac'efiwould' be most convenient; ' it is; thinner than this, blocks three " 1 square 'can be packed cenven— W1? into the house. But thick ice Clearing Away the Show on the Ice. arvesting Crop Farmers Do Not Have to Plant; Farmers will Find It to Their Advantage to Work Together in Harvesting and Storing Their ice If the J inches ’ back. Cutting the Ice. By EARLE W. GAGE should be cut in proper size blocks so as not to call for undue lifting. The second squad of men cut loose the blocks and float them to the side of the open water where they are ready to be loaded on the sleigh or wagon. Here a tramway with a pair of hooks attached to a rope will make loading a relatively easy task. Let the ropes extend across the load from the tramway; hitch a horse to it and drag the blocks from the water onto the load. The third gang of men should be at the ice house to place each load in position and pack sawdust around it as rapidly as possible. Eight men with three teams can work rapidly fields, especially if the snow is deep, in harvesting a crop of ice by this cooperative method. Where the ice is not quite thick enough to meet the need the snow should be scrapped off the surface the day before cutting is started if indications are that the night will be severely cold. The snow acts as an insulation and retards freezing, and when it is removed not only is the entire mass of ice better frozen but a few inches in thickness is add- ed. ' On small ponds the snow may be removed to the shore but on large it is impracticable to scrape the snow entirely off the field. It be— comes necessary, therefore, to pile it in windrows. After the snow is off the field is ready to be marked for cutting. ‘The marking must be done carefully so that all cakes will be rectangular, which aids in economical handling and packing in the ice house. It the proper start is made in marking ofi the field no trouble will be ex— perienced; otherwise subsequent cuttings will be difficult. Success in marking depends large- ly on getting the first line straight, which may be done by placing a stake to serve as a guide at each end of the proposed line. A straight— edge, consisting of an ordinary board about 14 feet long, is then aligned with the two stakes and the cutting tool or hand. plow run along its edge, after which the board is pushed forward and again aligned' with the stakes. This is continued until the entire distance between the stakes has been covered. Anoth- er way is to stretch a line between the stakes and do the marking with a handplow although this is not so satisfactory'as the handplow can not be operated in so straight a line with the board. After the first line has been cut it can be used as a guide for the horse marker if this is used. After the ice field has been lined off in one direction, the crosslines should be made. Care should be taken to have these at right angles to those first drawn, which is ac- Jackson Livestock Man Honored by France HERE are many tillers of Michi— gan soil that won medals of henor from the French govern- ment for bravery on the battlefield during the World War but there is perhaps ‘only one from our fair state that has been honored for helping that country get back on its feet. This man, known from one end of the state to the other, Corey J. Spencer, Jackson, owner of'Gurand River Stock Farm and breeder of some of the finest pure bred Hol- steins in Michigan. It was a little over two years ago that Mr. lSpencer learned that agri- culture in France was suffering from the lack of high quality dairy sires. During the war the livestock in the war zone was driven away, . an, while the Germans had to make restitution with respect to cows, the farmers of France were without good herd sires. 'Mr. Spencer, wanting to help in the post-war re- construction, shipped overseas two choice pure—bred herd sires, author- ' izing the French‘government to dis- pose of them as it Saw fit.. I - Time passed and his .time and mind being taken up with other matters about forgotten his gift when he received a letter from Paris. The letter was written in French and Mr. Spencer not being' able to read it, placed it in his pock- " et'planning to call on a. friend with- in'a few, days who could translate 'it for him." Three or four days later the letter was, still in~his pocket un-_ And then he received ‘an- ~ 'other letter written in French, but —-' it ‘came from Antoine Barthelemy, 'the consul' at .Chicago.‘ the straw that broke the camelfsfi. He could not restrain’,’ his- curiosity, no longer and {he immedj' ing; read. This was .,.. r,\ iately called upon his friend Lewis Atherton, a‘former major in the U. S. Army who had fought during the recent war in France, and could speak and read the French language. The letters contained the informa— tion that Mr. Spencer had been awarded the Croix de Chevalier du Merite Agricole, in gratitude for his generous act. .. “I was amazed,” he said in relat- ing the incident. “I could not be— lieve it at first. When I sent the two sires overseas, I was simply try- ing to help a little. I never dream- ed the gift would be esteemed so highly.” . Formal presentation ceremonies will be held in honor of Mr. Spencer after the badge arrives, it is an— nounced by C. E. Linabury, secre- tary of the Jackson Chamber of Commerce. A. Barthelemy, French consul at Chicago, and Joseph ,.Be‘l- anger, consular agent at Detroit, as well as 'Gov. Groesbeck and state agricultural leaders will be invited. Mr. «Spencer was recently elected a member of the board of directors and vice-president of the newly or- ganized Farmers’ and Workingmen’s Savings ‘Bank in Jackson. He is also president of the Jackson County Holstein-Friesian Association. ‘ 'Mr. Spencer was born on a farm in Ontario. He Was the eldest of six children. He came to Jackson at the age of 18 to enter business college. Afterwards he entered high? school at 21, paying his'expe‘nsesgby. o‘dd jobs. 7 He spent several years in' ‘california'and returned "to Jackson 1915145118 boughththe farm at: --_Eat6nfi;l‘l&lilfis‘41121918. In the sum-« mer. {strike—liar!!! 3. and drives? to- his om‘ce'in Jackson each morn- '- \ Floating Large Cakes to Shore for Becutting. complished by the use of a square. A suitable square may be made easi- ly by first nailing the ends of two boards together with a single nail. Measure a distance of eight feet on the outer edge of one board and six feet on the outer edge of the other board, then nail a third board diag- . onally across the two, adjusting it until the two marks are exactly ten feet apart on a straight line. Nail. the Boards securely, forming the desired square. To estimate the amount of ice needed on a dairy farm, use as the basis the number of cows kept. If the average cow produces 3,500 pounds of 3.7 per cent milk per year (which is equal to 431 pounds of 30 per cent cream) it will require 431 times 1.16 pounds or about 500 pounds of ice, to cool the cream pro— duced by each cow and keep it in good, sweet condition until deliver— ed to market. In addition, it is best to store 500 pounds of additional ice, or a total of 1,000 pounds per cow. This is sufficient to cool the cream needed for household uses and allow for reasonable waste. Therefore, the 20-cow dairy should. have 100 tons of ice stored. These figures are for cream; if the milk is to be cooled it will take between two and three times as much ice, or about 30 tons for the 15-cow dairy. It is necessary to store more ice than is seemingly needed, as there is sure to be a waste, even in the best houses. Sometimes this averages 25 per cent of the whole amount of we put up. The number of square feet of ice required per ton of ice in blocks 22 inches square, and of various thickness, is shown in the following table: » Thickness No. Cakes Cutting space of ice required required per inches for one ton ton—sq. ft 4 31.3 105.4 6 20.3 ‘ 70.2 8 15.6 52.6 10 12.5 42.1 12 10.4 35.1 14 8.9 30.1 16 7.8 26.3 ' 18 6.9 23.4 20 6.3 21.1 Not only will you [save much space, but ice as well, by properly packing the ice in the house. You can get only 35 to 40 pounds, of ice in a cubic foot of space when the ice is thrown in at random, while about- 50 pounds can be packed in the same space with a little care. This means also .that the air can- not circulate through the ice and melt it, therefore pack it carefully. About a fo’otlof sawdust should be placed on the floor of the ice house, with less in the center to per— mit the cakes to lean inward. The sides of the ice should be smooth. Any projecting pieces. should be trimmed off before insulation is put on. If sawdust or mill shavings are used a space of at least twelve inchesshould be left between, the outer walls and theme stack. 9.. -’ It, is easy to calculate how, much ice. the house will held. “Allowing 45 cubic feet per.ton,,' an uninsulat: ed house ~18“by- .12 by 10 feet, with One foot around for insulation, will hold about 38 tons, while the same sized house itrriins‘uiated. will hold 7 about 43 tons. ' WV. .v. GRAND DUKE STARTS NEW CULT. —Grand Duke Alexander Michaclvitch of Russia has startled London by founding a new religion called the Union of Souls. The cult is devoted to beauty, churches‘and is open to all creeds. PREDICTS TIDES FOR 1926.——F. J. Height of the U. S. Con-st and Geodetic Survey operates a machine that pre- dicts tides in any part of the world at any future date. ....AUTIIOR, DESPITE INFECTED ARM, “()ARRIES 0N".—Louis Joseph Vance, noted writer, who on be— ing forced by an infected arm to suspend work, “cra— ried on” with the assistance of a. dictaphone. No chance to get writer’s cramps here. is without priests or \ NEW SORT OF "DR. COUE.”—— Swami 'Yoganada, A. B. of India, is in New York" lecturing on physical per- fection through the power of will over matter. KLAN BIOVEMENT SPREADING IN “TESL—Even the women have formed an auxiliary to the Ku Klux Klan. of them gatheredvat the Konclave held in Youngstown, Ohio, to cele- brate the election of a Klan endorsed mayor. three states were there. BRYAN'S FORMER. SECRETARY IN CON- GRESS.—Left to right: Edgar Howard, Ne- braska, and “’illiam Jennings Bryan. Howard, who is a. representative from Nebraska, once was pri'ate secretary to Bryan. ,. ~‘ V. “ MEXICANS READY, FOR-BATTiEr—What has now become an every-day scene,- is this oneshowin‘g Mexican troops marching through towns and villages, for-“battle- at a ‘mpments notice. fully equipped and read Mexico was at last 8.0 ting.-whcre there would; he latest news; dogs ,th indicate that, j, ) ‘ __ ‘ x fewer revolutions. but: the _It was‘ thought [that . i1, .\ , , - . , u ‘ a». ‘. .r xvi... Recently thousands Representatives from BRITISH ADMIRAL TOURS \VORLD IN CAR.—-Admiral John \Vesion of South Africa, well known member of the British Admiralty, is making a tour around the world with his family inra. specially made motor car. The photo was snapped in Budapest, Hungary. 'MOTOR ARIERICA TO throne of Norway York, MEETS invented by \VHEN AUTO the, left has been and is “rowed” on the road. the same principles as they would a boat. idea, isn’t it? HIS FIRST INTRODUCTION TO RADIO.—-Anton Lang, who heads the * Passion Players, from Oberammcrga'u in Bavaria, now in this country, listened in for'the first time in his life and enjoyed it very much. Played :the part of: Christos in the Passion Play, and with fellow players, is disposing.ot_their bits of pottery,sculpture, etcg, in this-country. ‘ SEE “'EGIAN KlNG.—I’rince who upon coming of age next spring will visit America, taking in New “'ashington, and other large cities. “A UT ,'* ‘ .‘ (Copyright, Keystone-view Ce.) NOR- heir to the F U'I‘ U R E Olaf, “boat” on commander, 'l‘wo levers propel it on Quite an 0"——'l‘liis a an \‘al Lang has for years a? RETHREN is a "2x4 town” up in the Cutover with three or ' four stores, a big consolidated school that half her people think ‘ she can’t afferd, “spirit of co-operation” than the av—. with no more erage, with no factions on opposite ' sides of Main Street, and the usual allottment of knockers. With all this to contend with, she has held a Community Fair, on a rainy day, with howling success. The moral, for the benefit of villagers moved to do likewise, is-——“Nothing is impossible”! Two years ago Brethren had a fair, sponsored by a committee of farmers and business. men. No prizes except ribbons were given, but the farmers came in out of the chop- pings with their big pumpkins and cabbages, their wives and children, and that fair was so much of a suc- cess that there was talk at the time of making it an annual event. But a year passed, and another, and no plans were laid. In the meantime 25 women of the community had organized a Ladies’ Aid Society, and were stepping at nothing legitimate to earn the where—with-al to build Brethren a church where all good people can freely commune together. Farm sale dinners, chicken suppers, oyster stews, and outdoor pageants had fol— lowed each other in rapid succession. “If Brethren would have a fair,” some member suggested, “we could serve dinner to the crowd.” “If we have our own fair,” was the final decision, “we can keep out the concessions discountenanced by church folks, and We can keep all the profit.” Four committees of women were appointed, a dinner committee, a prize and premium committee, a pro- gram and a White Elephant commit— tee. Using the premium list of the county fair as a pattern, the pre- mium committee drew up our pre- mium list, and then solicited and collected premiums for over 100 awards. These prizes ranged all the way from a pearl handled carving set donated by a merchant for the best rooster, a sack of flour donated by another merchant for the best loaf of bread, to a pint of pickles for Ladies’ Aid Society on C, a” , .r Day With Great success ‘ ‘0 i 1.0 syomaarm‘rsn ‘ ' " in Manistee county, in ‘the little town of Brethren, the people wanted to build a. church, one where an might go, and they had about exhausted their supply of ideas for making money to start the building, when one of them thought of the community fair. Only a few believed it could be done. The others said, “It's a good idea all ' - right, but Brethren isn‘t large enough to make it a success.” it was finally decided to make a try at it anyway. However ‘Did they succeed? Over 250 peOple attended the fair and the Ladics’A Aid Society served dinner to 110 of them. The ladies back of the fair reported a profit of $100.00 for the church building fund. And they would have done better if it had not rained all day. the homliest man, and a carton of rolled oats for the best fried cakes, and a pair of socks for the largest pumpkin. THE BUSINESS FARMEB and several other publishers gave us from 10 yearly subscriptions to several six month’s subscriptions to be used as premiums. These_we put on the grains and poultry exhibits. The local merchants all gave merchandise for premiums, the farmers gave half bushels of winter apples, strawberry and raspberry plants. Aid members gave dahlia bulbs, needlework, and dishes, and a sugar shell for the best plate of candy. The county paper printed the prize list, and the calls for entry tickets, there was no charge, began to come in. The committee women requision- ed the men—folks and an implement shed behind the town hall, built to house the road graders and other road tools, was cleared out and used for fruit, vegetables and poultry. The parsonage a few rods from the town hall, was filled with needle- work, and cookery. . The White Elephant committee had spread broadcast a small card bearing the outline of an elephant. This asked the people to give us their White Elephants for our White Elephant booth at the Community Fair, and explained that a White Elephant is anything which is too good to throw away, but which the owner does not want or need. As a result of this publicity White Elephants began to accumulate: Suits of men’s clothing, Shoes, dishes, bed—quilts, apples, aprons, Indian baskets. A local auctioneer gave his services, and when the sale began many of the people who had brought in produce gave that to be sold. There were feather clad carn- ival dolls from the last city carnival, cooking utensils, books, things new and second hand. In the meantime the dinner com- mittee had planned a dinner 'o‘f chicken and noodles, mashed pota- toes, baked beans,‘ pickles, codes and pie, and set the price at 25 cents per plate. So the day was set, and a week of fine fall weather preceeded it. “What if it rains?” inquired the pessimists. “But it won't rain,” said the boosters, “At least it never has rain- ed when we have had suppers, or sale‘dinners, ever.” But it did rain. Beginning the night before with lowering clouds, it rained all night and was ,coming down steadily at 7:00 a. 111. “They can’t have it!” said the knockers. “Will they try?” enquir- ed the doubtful ones. The chairman on premiums, perched in a farm wagon, under an umbrella, with ’her private collec- tion of needle-work in a suit case, and her house plants in behind, with her pies and noodles and potatoes for the dinner carefully protected from the weather, arrived in the \reporter, ition '— “. er‘tainlyll” shed/said »:tledi:dly and ~r led .the way to the parsonage ineedla- work show reom. -' v “We’ve got to,” said chairman, and ‘went after. smother batch of noodles with her rolling n. ' _ . “Surest thing you know,” said the Chairman ~on Poultry and Farm products, he was an Aider’s hus- band, and he fell to tacking building .paper on the rainy side or the /Im— ‘_ plement shed. R “But nobody’ll come!” said, the head shakers. - ’ Two farmers from four miles out were already unloading— their exhibi it out of their Fords. Two cars from the County seat, appewspapar two Fair judges, and a, wagon load of Sightseer-s were al— ready there. ' . One hundred and ten people sat down 'to dinner. Some of them had not the heart to eat it all and pay only 25 cents, so we received fifty cents and a dollar for manyr plates. There were more than .250 people on the grounds. The exhibit-s were of excellent quality and -fair quantity.” The dinner and White Elephant Sah netted better than $100. , The county agricultural agent wu present and acted as a judge, and the day was so full that there was no time for a musical show :schedu'l- ed for the afternoOn. Everything was carried out as planned except the baby show, and that was cancelled because the schools were closed the day before when a dy’phtheria scare had devel- oped. ‘ Disease, knockers, and inclement weather, and the Fair was a success. “I’m so glad it rained,” said a tired dinner committee lady at the end d! the day, “Because it it hadn’t we never could have fed the crowd. The dinner was eaten up clean.” Next year the Ladies’ Aid hopes to plan for a two-day Fair, with priZes for field athletics as well as ‘farm crops and will plan to. feed twice as many people. Everybody was most kind. Nona.— whom we asked for prizes refused to help. But the real success .of the (Continued on page 19.)) ' Some Helpful Information on Making Out Year lncomc Tax Return 0 the farmer the problem of cor— rectly making _out an income tax wturn for the year 1923 should present no unusual difficul- ties, notwithstanding he is required to use the larged form, 1040. Care- ful study of the instructions on this and the accompanying form 1040F ———schedule of farm income and ex- penses—will be of material aid in this connection. Heretofore Form 1040 was used only for reporting net income in ex- cess of $5,000. Its use for report— ing net income for the year 1923 is required when the net income, re- gardless of the amount, was derived from “a business or profession, in- cluding farming,” and in all cases where the net income was more than $5,000. The smaller form, 1040A, heretofore used for reporting net income .of $5,000 and less from Whatever source derived, is to be used for reporting net income for the year 1923 of $5,000 and less de- rived chiefly from salaries and wages. Taxpayers will receive both forms, it being impossible for the Bureau of Internal Revenue to de- termine at this time the class of form desired. The farmer who keeps his ac- counts on the cash receipts and dis- bursement basis—~—-which means a record of the amount actually re— _ ceived and the amount actually paid for expenses—must file his income tax return for the year 1928 on that basis. He must include in his gross income for the year the amount of cash or the value of. mer- chandise or other property received from the sale at live stock and pro- duce, which were raised on the farm, profits from the ale of live stock or any other items were pur- chased, profits lira-i. the sale or HIS is a story of informative value to Business Farmer readers in the preparation of their income tax returns for the year of 1923. Taxpayers, any part of whose net income regardless of the amount was derived from farming, are required to use the larger form 1040, which heretofore was used only for reporting net income in excess, of $5,000. The article explains how to figure your income and exemptions so that you can file a. correct report. rental of farm lands, and profits from all other taxable sources. The farm expenses will be the amount actually paid out during the year. For farmers keeping their ac- counts on the accrual basis, inven- tories at the beginning and end of each' taxable year are necessary. For those reporting on the accrual basis, the gross profits are obtained by adding to the inventory value of live stock and products on hand at the end of the year the amount re- ceived for the sale of stock and products and other miscellaneous re- ceipts, for hire of teams, machinery, etc., during the year, and deducting from this sum the inventory value of stock and products on hand at the beginning of the year plus the cost of stock and produce purchased dur- ing the year. The farm expenses will be the actual expenses incurred during 1th year, whether paid or not. ' Farmers who keep their accounts » on the cash receipts and disburse- ment basis [are required to me a schedule to! {arm income and ex- penses on m 1042610.. which must be attached to the individual return on‘ Form 104.0. keep their account on the accrual basis, the filing of Form 104W 1! optional. 7 . y _, .l V All necessary expenses paid or in- With farmers {who . curred during the year 1923 in the 'operation of a farm as a business enterprise may be deducted from gross income in ascertaining net in- come, upon which the tax is assess- ed. These include the expense of harvesting and marketing of crops and the cost of seed and fertilizer used. Amount expended~ for the purchase of feed for live stock may be deducted, but the value of a farmer’s own prod-nets used for such purpose is not a deductible item. The farmer may deduct the cost of small tools used up in the course of a year or two, wages paid to farm hands (other than domestic serv- ants) and rent paid for farm land md‘buildings (other than the dwell- ing) cost of repairs to fences, wag— . .ons and machinery, also bills paid tor horseshoeing, stock powders, :rock salt, veterinary service, insur- ance (except on the dwelling), gas- oline for operating power, and sun- dry minor expenses. m value of produce raised on the term and used in the board or m laborers may not be deducted as an,» expense. The farmer may, however, deduct the cost or food misused tor his laborers. The n1- mlt the mice: or the tarmac. W. his wife ordependent min- ]. or children, cannot be deducted «our legs theamouut is reported recipients as income on Form 1040. The purchase price ‘of an auto- mobile even when used wholly in. farm operation may not be deducted, as it is regarded as an investment of capital. . The cost of (gasoline, ro-’ pairs, and upkeep of an automobile, if used wholly in the business of farming is deductible as an expense; if used partly for business and part,- ly for the pleasure and convenience of the taxpayer or his family, small cost may be apportioned according-'- ly, and that proportion of cost at- tributable to business deducted. General deductions such as for taxes, losses, interest on indebted- ness, bad debts, contributions, etc., are explained in instructions on the forms. ‘ Every single person whose net in- come for 1923 was $1,000 or more or whose gross income was 5,000 or ' more, and every married couple whose net income was $12,000 or more, or whose «gross income was $5,000 or more mdst file a return. The exemptions for the year 1928 are. $1,000 for single persons, $2,,- ' 500 for married couples whose net income was $5,000 or less, and $2..- 000 for married couples whose not income was in excess of $5,000. In addition the taxpayer is allowed at credit of $400 for each moon ' de— pendent upon him for chic! support. if such person is under dimmers of village at. 'i'zi320'fit9"‘_ahswer‘ “ti-ifs dds? the dinner? r .497; A yith,‘ dear M.. RF... mam, favor ot you . ‘ Will you try and find Gal-vs. Jones and his . wife, Jessiov 'whose‘ address on: ,Mity 14th z: 229 E. Wall'Street, Isms- , ‘ Michigan’ ’ 'P. If antiperson mite teens,- I would: thank. them: very: yachts; E m on an portant Mossy—ems. M; Pierce; Chmlovoih, m 3.2. OPERATING. 1 win you please give me the facts ' as to how a pm can obtain a I ‘ junchi'se on a. certain road. for _ p g for service on for hire? A. ' , . man has. obtained: such: a- franchise g ‘ M.MtMsrsoesn;emiw:beextra , K him. H's tells us‘ we cannot hire , .3117 other finch. Is this legal? If ' ~ I» anywhere. danish—A. R9 ' Anyone: - - buck freight Ifnes for hire over illo- qd' routes or“ between fixed termini. may be. permitted to do so upon . ’ application to- the. Locum, 3 > Utilities- Oommissionf and . ~ with the provisions on 5- .5m 20s of the Public acts of the .- ihte the year 1923. n—flare E‘etan, Deputy Attorney amoral: _ on W PATRONS' ON ONE ~ ‘ TELEPHONE'LINE In there anything: that can be done about the way the telephone com- pmy does with its patrons? Several years ago when they first raised the rates they promised to give us party fines with only 8 on a line. tour on v -. each side, but they now have as high. as 18 and 20 on these lines. 0111' J line has nine rings on the W-side 'tnd the same on the J—slde. Only ‘ instead of ringing nine rings on the Hide, they ring 1 long and 1 short. and call it one-one. Some of the * other lines have what they call one- twe (rings one long and two short)- It is. almost impossible to get the Iinei‘fyouwantitinahmyr—M. 1L. Flint, Mich. This Commission has made an order and it has been the. general me not to place more than ten nee upon one country line. However, there are places in which the parties insist that they ought to be. one. general line and they are r willing to be put to the inconvenv lama; having a large number of personsonthelinesinorder to Visit ‘ with their neighbors without going 7: . fitmngh the central since. Usually r m there are eighteen or twenty inmate 'wtrs for taking care of them, because it is not regarded as good telephone minutiae to have eighteen or twenty telepbxmes on a ; serially so ordered—mm. Gamer mm anemone]. cannon: _ . \ Can anyoflicarcollecbfm‘csr‘ a ,. ureterser'ving.dvilcasesummuns ~ - histommtsamflexmvel serve sushi—H. ht. Moran. Mich. .Mashm'iflshallbeaflwedlou pumfleforuavelingexpenseein floundehargetorcarhirswonidnot be authorised—Asst. Legal. Editor. mm,momen wnatcanraon’ahankm-charges' l l are any'lawtplprotect a farmefi , 3 Can the bankers. charge ten to. six- '. ‘ teen per cent‘ on notesT—A. T.. ' ,- Mich. j .7 ‘ 1 -—We assume that you refer to the 3 interest rates which may be charged 5' by state. banks. Under the provis- ot Section 1970. of. the Compil- , Lowest 1915, a state. bank. may , , seven per; cent interned, with, " for means, or magenta:- “if! bank," m EM 1136* . ,I. ‘_ . r r l ‘ any interest on its loan, if‘ the ' bor- bo operate motor mm, 1, per m m: a no“? my. 39 Manchu shys are advisable, and , , I Wont-for far tune. or. requests for Info (inquiries mm rower raises that question. Section 5998 of the Compiled Lawaof 1915 provides that where usury is charged on notes, commerc- ial paper, etc., the- party making the loan shall lose all his interest and can only collect the principal. 01 course persons or associations loan— ing money under the provisions of Act 3177' of the Public Acts of 1921 in some of not more than $300 may collocLintenest up, to threeper cent a month; We take it. however, that you are not referring to associ- ations of this characterr-Clare RA- ta-n, Deputy Attorney General. HUNTING AND POSTING 1. Can hunting be prohibited on your .own farm‘I- 2. How should signs read? 3. How class should they be posted? Is more than one notice or sign necessary? 4. What course of action if oflenders are found? 6. What if offenders re- fuse to leave if ordered off farm? 6. Are offenders liable: for tres- passing or only if damage has been done?—- . D., Ada, Michigan. -—~1. Hunting may be prohibited on your own, farm. 2’. "No hunting,” or whatever words will best inform the public that you do not want anybody to hunt on your farm. 3. They should be posted close enough to be easily read. and as many, used as required. 4. An action for damages could be brought against the trespasser, or he could be prosecuted in a criminal action. 5. Report the matter to the prosecuting attorney, 6.. Nomr inal damages might be awarded where there were no actual damages, in the descretion of the court—— Asst. Legal Editor. ENTITLED TO HALF OF STRAW I am working on shares a farm which adjoins my own. My contract reads, “each; to get one—half the prov ceeds derived from the sale of all grain, produce, etc., taken off said farm.” Have. I a right to bring half the straw down on my farm when I thrash? First party did not reserve straw. The only thing first party reserves is the house. Please let me know as soon as possible, I always supposed that straw was personal property the same as the grain. I enjoy reading your paper very mocha—J. C. P.. Concord, Mich. ——Straw would be considered pers- onal property as well as the other crops, such as grain, etc. If the lessor did not reserve the straw, I no of the opinion you would be en- MICHIGA GOING TO SOW SOY BEANS I would like to sow some soy- beans, some with corn and some broadcast. How many should I sow and when? What is their average :yiaid? Also price? When sowing :11me on light sand should I sow with or without nurse crops?—-—M. A. Minden City, Mich. -—'-When planting soybeans with cornttlsusualtoplantsixquarts parame'withsixor eight quarts of m 5035 should be planted through a special soybean planting attachment on drill, if corn is drill- ed. When planting says broadcast, from two to three bushels per acre should be used. “ In. southern or central Michigan northern Michigan, the Early Blacks. Planting should be made from the middle of May to mid-June. May plantings give best results. Present prices on soybean seed _ are as team Certified—-1 to 10 bushels—jail); Certified—10 bush- els and overs-@336. ' When ted With corn. soybeans “311837 ‘ e the yield by one- ‘ . ton to one ton, rof.,green materi- al. The average yields! hay from soyso broad , 1mm two ' ‘ 1133110381? dry «1 such a dressed , wmmmn ed Ir! tum murmd- address. Nuns not used I! so requested.) troubles. Fromm careful attention. 1 toil“: dmmne'nt.‘ We are here V6" in SOHO titled to one—half the straw along with the other produce.—‘—Asst. Leg-- a1 Editor. CAN THEY INSTALL FURNACE IN SCHOOL? ‘ We have always had stoves in our school house and one has broken, so the school board bought another, and the county commissioner has forbidden us to put it up. Is there any law compelling us to buy a furnace for the school?-——G. F., Ta- was City, Mich. —According to the law, all school buildings and repairs over $300 in value, must be approved by the sup- erintendent of public instruction. I do not know of any law that would compel you to buy a furnace, al- though that would probably be the best way of heating your building, especially if it is of any size—Dept. of Vocational Teacher Training, Michigan Agricultural College. LEGAL! WIDTH 0F SLEIGHS Would you please tell me if there is any new law concerning the widths of sleighs? Have they got to be 4—feet wide or moral—E. M. S;, Dryburg, Mich. —-'l‘he last legislature enactment for standard gauge for vehicles is Act number 73 of the Public Acts of 1919. This Act fixes the standard gauge, except such vehicles as are inches from center to center of tread and makes it unlawful to use on‘ any of the public highways of this state any vehicle. other than standard gauge, except such vehicles as are used for extraordinary purposes. For the purpose of construing the act, motor trucks, moving vans, logging sleighs with a wider draft than fifty—six inches, cutters, and light de- livery sleighs are conclusively pre— sumed to be vehicles used for extra— ordinary purposes. Therefore, in direct reply to your inquiry, you are advised that sleighs that may be classed as “light deliv— ery sleighs” need not be of standard gauge—H. Victor Spike, Assistant Attorney General. IS DOG TAX LAWFUL? I would like to know if dog tax is lawful and if you don’t pay your tax could they kill your dog and im- prison anyone for any length of time? What is the value on a. dog? —D. G. M., Harrison, Mich. -—-Yes, a tax on dogs is lawful, the same as a tax on automobiles, farms, or other property, and if you did not pay the tax, they could come and take your dog and imprison him for life, or kill him, by giving him gas. N CROPS When sowing alfalfa on sandy land, it is usually advisable to use a companion crop in order to prevent injury as a result of blowing. Buck— wheat, planted at the rate of one or two pecks per acre, or barley at the rate of three peeks, furnishes excellent nurse crops for spring planted alfalfa on light soils.—J. F. Cox, Professor of Farm Crops, Mich. Agricultural College. SHREDDED CORN FODDER SWEATS , I would like to know what to do wih my shredded corn fodder- Was shredded a week ago. This A. M. I discovered it was getting hot. It is about 16 feet deep in the center. * Have not much chance or room to turn it over. W'ould like to save it with as least work or trouble as pos- » sible, as I am alone with three small children—Mrs. ,McC., Mich. -—Corn fodder when first shredded usually goes through a sweat and heats. If the fodder was reasonably dry when shredded, it is not likely that it will heat sufficiently to cause decomposition. On the other hand, Breedsville, . if it was quite wet. it will become hot and .dewmnosH. R. Moses. Prat. 0: Earn Crops. M. A. O. ‘ ~will get approximately $800 more ., But they could. not imprisbii you. the: “perhaps if. they took your, dog you; I, would want to go too. ' . ‘ ‘ You ask what is the value on a. dog, and that is a very difficult ques- tion. Dogs are like men; their~valo us is not easily determined. I know of a dog whose life is insured for_' $10,000. Obviously a very high. priced dog. Many a small boy would not take that much for the little yellow mongrel that pals with him, and is found with him wherev- er he goes. Some women are very devoted to little wooley dogs, and value them more highly than child— ren. 0n the other hand, the farm- er's faithful shepherd or watchdog that guards his property could proh— f ably be bought and sold for the- small sum of five to ten dollars. A United States Senator omens: made a famous speech in the Senate on the virtues of the dog. Much: has been written about the value of dogs, and much more will likely be- written, and after you have read it all you won’t know any more about. how much your dog is worth than you did before. But if you have a good faithful dog and he doesn't chase chickens or kill sheep, you- would better pay the tax and keep , him. Every boy ought to own. aw good dog.,There are many things be: : can learn from a faithful dog, which , will make him a better man when“, he grows olden—Asst. Legal Editor. : ASSmSING BANK STOCK I have a few share of bank stock of a bank in a nearby village, but I live in a township located in an ad- joining county. Is this stock ass»- essable in the village where bank is: ‘ located or in the township where I" live?———R. A., Lakeview, Mich. —-Sub—division 3 of Section 4008 of the Compiled Laws of 1915 is as fol- lows: “All shares in banks shall be .‘ assessed to their owners in the town~ ship, village or city where the bank is located: Provided, That the shares owned by a person residing -in the county where the bank is 10- > cated shall be assessed in the town— ' ship or city where he resides." If you reside in another county from that in which the bank is located, it ,‘ . u is clear that your stock should be 1 assessed in the village in which the . bank is located—Clare Retan, Dep— , uty Attorney General. -l~s . .. ARE BUYERS GIVING A FAIR TEST? Will you please inform, if in your opinion, a price of 640 can be paid for butter fat, together with 11,60 hauling, a total of 65%0, When New York extras quoted at 54c and given an honest test? In other words, would not a 65%c price on a 540 market indicate a condition quite out of the ordinary? Frankly we believe this situation means that something is being taken out of the test to admit this price—F. A., Sears, Mich. I question as to Whether a' A v v—-s.r’ _... . . .. —The , creamery can pay 651/; cents for j , butterfat depends entirely upon . What price he is selling his butter. I don’t know as the price he pays for butterfat necessarily has to be based upon What New York extras are worth. This is generally true but we happen to know of several creameries that are getting a much better price than New York extras for their butter. I know of one creamery that has sold butter at 506 a pound and has paid the patrons better than 60c a. pound for butter. fat, but they had a big volume of business and their overhead was very low. ’ In the instance that you mention- ed here, if a creamery is making 40,000 pounds 'of butter 3 month and paying 65c for their butterfat and selling their butter at 54c, they ...... s 9.---.. s...» .a ._~.‘x» ‘ v for their butter than they will pay for their butterfat. In a small creamery this will take care of the overhead, but if they didn’t have this volume this margin would be very close. But answering your question to the point, will say that we would 3 have to know what the creamery in question is obtaining for their but- ter before we could tell what their spread was Wbetween their buying and selling price. But even on- the figures that you have given here we would hesitate very much and think any one should hesitate to say that the...b.uyers are not giving an honest test.TProf. 0. E. Reed, M. A. C. l 1‘ 4’ - =21; sure, after all, that it would be best. Benn-y. 91- :1 (Continued fi‘om 'ia‘ziuaéy‘fatgiésiib) .‘ ;" l ., - A " )1, . “ OR shame, Bessie!" spoke up ,Mlss Flora, with unusual sharpness for ,her. “I think your mother is just right. I’m sure the least we can do in return for this wonderful gift is to show our respect and appreciation by go— ing into the very deepest black we can I’m sure I’d be glad to." “Wait!” Mrs. Harriet had drawn her brows together in deep thought. “I’m not The letter did not say that dear Cousin Stan— ley had died he just hadn’t been heard from. In that case, I don’t think we ought to do it. And it would be too bad—that Gaylord dance is going to be the biggest thing of the season, and of course if we were in black No; no the whole, I think we won’t, Bessie. Of course, in two years from now, when we get the rest, it will be different.” .“When you—what?” startled question from Mr. Smith. “Oh, didn’t you know? There’s an— other letter to be opened in two years from now, disposing of the rest of the property. And he was worth millions, you know, millions !" “But maybe 11e———er——-Did it say you were to—to get those millions then ?" “Oh, no. it didn’t say it, Mr. Smith.” Mrs. Harriet Blaisdell’s smile was a bit condescending. “But of course we will. We are. his kinsmen. He said we were. He just didn‘t give it all now because he wanted to give himself two more years to come back in, I suppose. You know he's gone exploring. And, of course, if he hadn‘t come back by then, he would be dead. Then we‘d get it all. Oh, yes, we shall get it, I’m sure." "Oh-h!“ Mr. Smith settled back in his chair. He looked somewhat nonplused. “Humph! Well, I wouldn’t spend them millions———till I‘d got ’em, Hattie," advised her brother—in-law dryly. “I wasn‘t intending to, Frank,” she re- torted with some dignity. “But that’s neither here or there. \Vhat we’re con— cerned with now is what to do with what we have got. Even this will make a tremendous sensation in Hillerton. It ought to be written up, of course, for the papers, and by some one who knows. We It was a rather want it done just. right. Why, Frank, do you realize? We shall be rich—rich— and all in a flash like this! I wonder What the Pennot-ks will say now about Mellicent's not having money enough for that precious son of. theirs! Oh, I can hardly believe it yet. And it’ll mean everything to us. Think what we can do for the children. Think—“ “Aunt Jane. Aunt Jane, is ma here?” Wide open banged the front door as Benny bounded down the hall. “Oh, here you are! Say, is it true? ’l‘ommy Hook- er says our great-grandfather in Africa has died an’ left us a million dollars, an' that we‘re richer ’11 Mr. Pennock or even the Gaylords, or anybody! Is it true? Is it?" His mother laughed indulgently. “Not quite. Jenny, though we have been left a nice little fortune by your cousin, Stanley (1. Fulton. And it wasn’t Africa, it was South America." “And (lid you all got some, too?" pnnied Benny, looking eagerly about him. “We sure did," nodded his Uncle Frank, "all but poor Mr. Smith here. I guess Mr. Stanley G. Fulton didn’t know he was a cousin, too," he. joked, with a wink in Mr. Smith's direction. “But Where‘s Aunt Maggie? \th ain‘t she here? She got some, too, didn‘t she?" Benny began to look anxious. His mother lifted her eyebrows. “No. You forget, my dear. Your Aunt Maggie is not a Blaisdell at all. She’s a Duff—«a very different family." “I don't care. she‘s just as good as a Blaisdell,” cut in Mellicent; “and she seems like one of us, anyway." “And she didn‘t get anything?" be- moaned Benny. “Say,” he turned valiant- ly to Mr. Smith, “shouldn’t you think he might have given Aunt Maggiie a little of that money?" "I should, indeed!" Mr. with peculiar emphasis. “I guess he would if he'd known her!" “I‘m sure he would!” Once more the peculiar earnestness vibrated through Mr. Smith‘s voice. “But now he’s dead, an’ he can’t. I guess if he could see Aunt Maggie he‘d Wish he hadn‘t died ’fore he could fix her up just as good as the rest.” "I’m very sure he would!” Mr Smith was laughing now, but his voice was just Smith 5} who as emphatic, and there was a sudden flame of color in his face. “Your Cousin Stanley isnt dead. my dean—that is, we are not sure he is dead, spoke up Benny's mother quickly. “He just has not been heard from for six months.” “But he must be dead, or he'd have come bac ," reasoned Miss Flora, with worried eyes; “and I, for my part, think we ought to go into mourning, too." “Of course he’d have come back,” de- clared Mrs. Jane, “and kept the money himself. Don’t you suppose he knew what he'd written in that letter, and don't you suppose he’d have and those three hundred thousand dollars if he could? Well, I guess he would! The man is dead. That’s certain enough." ' -Wtell, ’ anyhow. we’re not morning till we have to." Mrs. Harriett’s lips snapped together .with firm de- cision. “Of course not, ‘ muted Bessie. .. ., “Are We rich, ‘ filmy, ma?“ de- gomg into ’ I’m sure I don‘t see any use in‘having the money- if. we've" ‘ got to wear black and not go anywhere, THE STORY TO DATE STANLEY G. FULTON, 50-year old bachelor , and . possessor of R. M twenty million dollars, calls on his lawyer and they discuss the dis- position of this large fortune after its owner’s death. The lawyer is-in favor of giving the money to colleges or charities while Fulton is opposed to these ideas. He remembers that he has some distant cousins and decides to leave the money to one of them, but first ,he determines to learn which one will use it to the best advantage. gives, each Before giving them the money grows a beard and, Worthy one he, through his lawyer, they will. To find out who is the $100 000 to use as using the cousin name of Mr. John Smith. goes to the town where they live to find out what kind of people they are. one of the cousins, where he tries to hire board and lodging. he meets Miss Flora Blaisdell, another cousin Upon arriving in town he visits James Blaisdell, \Vhile there who is a dressmaker. They decide they cannot rent a room to him and supply him board and refer him a country, he starts out. to Frank Blaisdell’s, the third cousin. as a writer gathering material for a book on the Blaisdell family He calls on all of the Blaisdells and as they all talk He gets a. room there and, passing in this of a relative by the name of Miss Maggie Duff he decidemto call on the lady. He finds her living with her father, an old man who seems to have soured on the world. 110 secures what information he can from her and her father. He then writes a letter to his lawyer discussing the various relatives he has met. The members of the Blaisdell family that each cousin of Stanley G. Fulton has fallen heir to $100,000 and there is much excitement. “We certainly are, Benny." “Richer than the Pennocks?” “Very much.” "An’ the Gaylords?" “VVell—hardly that”-——her face clouded perceptibly— “that is, not until We get the rest—in two years." She brightened again. “Then, if we’re rich we can have every— thing we want can‘t we?” Benny’s eyes were beginning to sparkle. “Well ” hesitated his mother. “I guess there’ll be enough to satisfy your wants, Benny,” laughed his Uncle Frank. Benny gave a whoop of delight. “Then we can go back to the East Side and live just as we’ve a mind to, without carin’ what other folks do, can’t we?” he crOWed. “’Cause if we are rich we won’t have ter keep tryin‘ ter make folks think we are. They’ll know it without our tryin’ ” ' “Benny !” The rest were laughing; but Benny‘s mother had raised shocked hands of protest. “You are incorrigible, child. The East Side, indeed! We shall live in a house of our own, now, of course—but it won‘t be on the East Side.” “And Fred‘ll go to college," put in Miss Flora eagerly. “Yes; and I shall send Bessie to a fashionable finishing school,” bowed Mrs. Harriett, with a shade of importance. “Hey. Bess, you’ve got to be finished," chuckled Benny. “What’s Mell going to do?" pouted Bessie, 10oking not altogether pleased. “Hasn’t she got to be finished, too?” “Oh, I don’t know what I'm going to do," breathed Mellicent, drawing an ecstatic sigh. “But I hope I‘m going to do just what I want for once!" “And I’ll make you some pretty dresses that you can wear right off, while they're in style." beamed Miss Flora. “But what are you going to do, Flo? Here you'vo been telling what everybody else is going to do with the, money." A blissful sigh, very like Mellicent’s own, passed Miss Flora's lips. “Oh, I don‘t know," she breathed in an awe-struck voice. “It don‘t seem yet—— that it’s really mine.” “Well, ’t isn‘t," declared Mrs. Jane tartly, getting to her feet. “And I, for one. am going back to work—in the kitchen, where I belong. And—Well, if here ain’t Jim at last," she broke off. as her younger brother—in-law appeared in the doorway. “You‘re. too late, pa, you’re too late! It’s all done,” clamored Benny. “They’ve got everything all settled." The man in the doorwoy smiled. “I knew they would have, Benny; and I haven't been needed, I‘m sure——your mother’s here." Mrs. Harriet bridled, but did not look unpleascd. “But, say, Jim,” breathed Miss Flora, “ain’t it wonderful—«ain‘t it perfectly wonderful?” “It is indeed—very wonderful," replied Mr. Jim. A Babel of eager voices arose then, but Mr. Smith was not listening now. He was watching Mr. Jim’s‘face, and trying to fathom its expression. A little later, when the women had gone into the kitchen and Mr. Frank had clattered back to his work down— stairs, Mr. Smith thought he had the ex- planation of that look on Jim‘s face. Mr. Jim and Benny were standing over by the fireplace together. ’ “Pa, ain't you glad—about the money?" asked Benny. “I should be, shouldn’t I, my son?" “But you look—so funny, and you didn‘t say anything, hardly." There was a moment’s pause. The man, with his eyes fixed on the glowing coals in the grate, appeared not to have heard. But in a moment he said:— “Benny, if a poor old horse had been climbing a long, long hill all day with the hot sun on his back, and a load that dragged and dragged at his heels, and if he couldn’t see a thing but. the dust of the road that blinded and choked him, and if he felt as if he couldn’t go another step, in spite of the whip that snapped ‘Get there—get there i" all day in his ears—how do you suppose that poor old horse would .feel if suddenly the load, and the whip, and the hill, and the dust disappeared, and he found him- self in a green pasture with the cool gurgle of water under green trees in his ears—how do you suppose that poor horse would feel?” “Say, he’d like it great, wouldn‘t he? But pa, you didn‘t tell me if you liked the money." The man stirred, as if waking from a trance. He threw his arm around Ben- ny's shoulders. “Like it? \Vhy, of course, I like it, Benny, my boy! Why, I‘m going to have time now—to get acquainted with my children !” Across the room Mr. Smith, with a sudden tightening of his throat, slipped softly into the hall and thence to his own room. Mr. Smith just then, did not wish to be Seen. CHAPTER X “'hat Does It Matter? The days immediately following the receipt of those three remarkable letters by the Blaisdell family were nerve- racking for all concerned. Held by Mrs. Jane‘s insistence that they weren’t sure yet that the thing was true, the family steadfastly refused to give out any defi- nite information. Even the eager Har- riet yielded to Jane on this point. ac- knowledging that it would be mortifying, of course, if they should talk, and noth- ing came of it. Their enigmatic answers to questions, and their expressive shrugs and smiles, however, were almost as exciting as the rumors themselves; and the Blaisdells became at once a veritable storm center of surmises and gossip—a state of af- fairs not at all unpleasing to some of them, Harriet in particular. Miss Maggie Duff, however, was not so well pleased. To Mr. Smith, one day, she freed her mind—and Miss Maggie MAPLE-SUGAR MAKERS, DO YOUR TAPPING EARLY MAKERS of maple sugar have lost half and even more of their crops many seasons by not being prepared for the first runs, says the United States Department of Agriculture. _It is a good policy to tap early in the season, not only in order to obtain the earlier runs of sap but also because these early runs are generally the sweetest and therefore the best sugar producers. All sugar makers are familiar with “sugar weather." In general, the season. is ready to open during the middle or last part. of February » in the southern sections and later in the northern ones, when the days are becoming warm, the temperature going above 82 degrees F., and the nights are still frosty. If the days are very bright, warm, and sunny, the sap starts with a rush, but soon slackens. ' A high wind. , warm spell, or a heavy freeze checks the flow, but the return of season- able weather causes it to start again. Records of opening and. closing dates kept in an.0hio sugar; i show. the r-opening' season :as..«eorly.astFobrum 13.111891 and 1906. n Thedate‘stbpening date recordedriwaséfMarch-z’z in be number..- p .. ea we \ 5 ‘I 3 "she began, if. come and-get done "with it! certainly the present. state of affairs is , almost unbearable.”. ’ _ ., . v ‘t “It does .make' it fall the harder for you, to havevit 7, drag along like this, doesn’t it?” murmured Mr. Smith un- easily. “For—me?” , - . “That you are not included in the be- quest, I mean.” She gave an, impatient gesture. “I didn’t mean that. I wasn’t think- ing of myself. Besides, as I’ve told you before, there is no earthly reason why I should have been included. It’s the delay, I mean, for the Blaisdell’s—for the whole town, for that matter. This - eternal ‘Did you know?’ and ‘They say’ is getting on my nerves !” _ , “Why, Miss Maggie, I didn‘t suppose you had any nerves,” bantered the man. ’ She threw him an expressive glance. “Haven’t I!” sho‘etorted. Then again she gave the impatient gesture. “But even I the gossip and the questioning aren’t the worst. It's the family them- selves. Between Hattie’s pulling one way and Jane the other, I feel like a. bone between two quarrelsome puppies. Hattie is already house-hunting, on the sly, and she‘s bought Bessie an expensive watch and a string of gold beads. Jane, on the other hand, insists that Mr. Ful- ton will come back and claim the money, so she’s running her house now on the principle that she's lost a hundred thou- sand dollars, and so must economize in every possible way. You can imagine it !" “I don’t have to--—imagine it," mur- mured the man. Miss Maggie laughed. ~ “I forgot. Of course you don’t. You do live there don’t you? But that isn‘t all. rFlora, poor soul, went into a restau- rant the other day and ordered roast turkey, and now she's worrying for fear the money won’t come and justify her extravagance. Mellicent, with implicit faith that the hundred thousand is com- ing, wants to wear her best frocks every day. And, as if she were not already quite excited enough, young Pennock has very obviously begun to sit up and take notice." “You don‘t mean he is trying to come back—so soon !” disbelieved Mr. Smith. “Well, he’s evidently caught the glitter of the gold from afar,” smiled Miss Maggie. “At all events, he’s taking notice.” And—Miss Mellicent?” There was a note of anxiety in Mr. Smith‘s voice. “Doesn't see him, apparently. But she comes and tells me his every last move! (and he’s making quite a number of them just now!), so I think she does see—a little." “The young rascal! ———care?" “I think not—really. She’s just ex— cited now, as any young girl would be; and Phi afraid she’s taking a little wicked pleasure in—not seeing him.” “Humph! I can imagine it," chuckled Mr. Smith. “But it's all bad—this delay," chafed Miss Maggie again. “Don't you see? It‘s neither one thing nor another. That’s why I do wish that lawyer would come, if he‘s coming.” “I reckon he’ll be here before long," murmured Mr. Smith, with an elaborately casual air. “But—I wishyou were com- ing in on the deal.” His kindly eyes were gazing straight into her face now. She shook her head. “I‘m a Duff, not a Blaisdell—except when they want—” She bit her lip. A confused red suffused her face. “I mean. I’m not a Blaisdell at all,” she finished But she doesn't hastily. “Humph! That’s exactly it!" Mr. Smith was sitting energetically erect. “You’re not a Blaisdell—except whefi they wantssomething of you !" “Oh, please, I didn't mean to say—I didn’t say—that,” cried Miss Maggie, in very genuine distress. “No, I know you didn't, but I did," flared the man. “Miss Maggie, it's a. downright shame—~the way they impose on you sometimes.” “Nonsense! I like to have them—I mean, I like to do what I can for them," she corrected hastily, laughing in spite of herself. “You like to get all tired out, I sup- pose.” “I get rested—afterwards.” “And it doesn’t matter, course,” he gibed. “Not a bit,” she smiled. “Yes, I suspected that.” Mr. Smith was still sitting erect, still speaking with grim terseness. “But let me tell you right here and,,now that I don’t approve of the doctrine of yours." “ ‘Doctrine.’?” “That ‘It-does-n’t—matter’ doctrine of yours." I tell you it’s very pernide— very! I don’t approve of it at all." _There was a moment’s silence. “No?” Miss Maggie said than, demure- ly. "Oh, well—it doesn’t matter—4f you don’t." He caught the twinkle in her eyes and threw up his hands desparingly. “You are incorrigible!” With a sudden businesslike air of de- termination Miss Maggie faced him. “Just what is the matter with that doctrine, please, and what do you mean?" she smiled. ‘ anyway, of ' “I mean that things do matter. and I that we merely shut our eyes ,to “u L», ‘14-er . if“?! that. Ghioag'o iawyems‘corfi rig", he'd ' the case when we say that ."ii'n “no '1 111 this 11 Barg Save Big ’Money Now by ordering everything you need during this January ‘Clearance—the Most Daring Sale ever attempted by any concern, anywhere! Sharood has knocked the very bottom out of prices—everything sacrificed to make room for the incoming spring stocks. Here is the very cream of bargains in things to wear right now—guaranteed the biggest values in America today! Order on approval and judge for yourself. Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back Merely give name and number of each article you want. Also state size, and write your name and address plainly to av01d delay. Send only. the amazmg bar- gain price and few cents postage mentionedin each description. . When goods ‘ arrive, examine them carefully. If not delighted With your bargains, _return goods and we refund our money instantly: Order Now—Today! Shipment positively goes forward’ within 24 hours of time we receive your order. Manchurian Wolf Scarf Fur Trimmed , ,2» Polo Goat For Girls and Children 539:; Ron Value I m- rious You’ll be a happy mother when u up- you see how smart and stylish poar- our little irl looks in this Fur an ce, rimmed olo Coat. It Will yet V817 keep her warm and _comfort- economi- able, andéiositively give satis- cal"? 9"“ faction. ollar of warm Cone is this soft. Fur. Two novelty pockets. A 1 around belt. Novelty buttons trim pockets and belt. Really an amazing value at our special Clearance Sale Price. Sizes 7 to 14 years. State size. Order Navy by No. 5F7308. Brown by No. 5F7310. Send Sale Price, $3.98,.and 10c postage for either color. . Same quality coat forcbildren furnished in sizes 2 to 6 years. \ Order Navy by No. 5F7458. Brown by No. 5F7460 Send Sale Price, $2.98. and 10c for postage. Satis- . ,_ faction Guaranteed or Money Back ‘1; g Instantly. * “*8 Wmen ’8 Popular Stitclnlo wn Oxfords warm Man- about 13 in., longand bushy. You'll still get plenty of wear out of this scarf this season if you buy It right now , and you’ll make a genuine sav— ing because of our special Clearance . e Price. Order Black byNo.8F9000. Brown by No. 8F9001. Send Sale Price, $3.69, and 6c for postage. Satis- faction Guaranteed or Money Back Instantly. In these fine Stitchdown Oxfords Sharood comblnes real comfort with snappy style. Uppers of Brown Calf Finish, or Patent Leather. Smooth leather 'iusoles. Flexible stitched :25; Flexible , down oak outsoles. Low Men- apringy rubber heels. _ A “.39 '19 . rare opportunity to save real money. Sizes 2% to 8. Wide ""3 “DEM”! widths. Order Brown by No. 9F273. Send Sale Price. “313 “96‘3"” ‘f you $1.98, and 8c for postage. Order Patent Leather by want to make I ~ - No. 9F274. Send Sale Price, $2.43, and SC for post- ggldazitngéuggazfinfinbm age. IState stilze. Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Iii-cut 4-buc_kle arctic, built for real wear. Double thick Back “at” y‘ a ' ' soles and reinforced seams. Snow excluding tpn e. Sizes G d l . 6 to 15. Wide Widths. Buy now, while the big ale Is on! 00 o = Order by No. 1F990. Send Sale. Price $2.49, and 1132c for postage. Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Ing’ “k “mm” Serwceable Women’s Fleece Lined Extra Soft Black Kid Finished Comfort DressShoo for wimen Choice of Black or There's real com- fort for your feet in these splendid shoes. and re comfort for your ancy perfora- ted stitched tip ' With medallion . ' Hi-Cut Lace $111319 3: 3:123. ontoemeat per- , Bootsarereally Clearance 9 1'0 rat 1 0n 3 at ' worth much more price U poi-s State vamp and lace than we ask for them of sdft iable 5'20 WW- . 'llm now. The soft Kid finish d tiblshed extension oak leathers are comfortable, sole with walk- leather; heavy fleece liningthat keeps feet warm in coldest Nimble f0? dress 01' Street Wear- weatber. Excellent natural oak leather soles; low rubber in flight heel- . . . ' been. . memes artistes- snare-asses.-airman gandgalesgflfice. $15.29: :33 tor pgigob?F88t§& No“ 9F194- gem! Sale Price, $1.98. and 10c postage demotion atmomybwk .unuy. :gfigtg'g 13:13:. Sttztftgze. Satisfaction Guaranteed 1.{.:' ~55 Inna-ML" ces Smashe Grea tes t Child’sTwo-Tone Middy Dress . $12; one of the biggest bargains in children 's dresses ever offered. arm, serviceable, and pretty 2- iece Middy st le With smart B ken blouse.o all red flannel , cotton warp. and blue Se Blouse has round col at an cuifs. Front, collar, cuffs, and Balkan bottom embrOidered in contrasting colors. _Rope die With tassels at waist. S hangs in clustered plaits from white muslin underwaist. Fur- nished 9nly with red blouse and blue skirt combination. Sizes 7 to 14 years. Order by No. 7F8326. Send Sale Price, $1.98,and5cforpostage.State size. Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Ba k Instantly. Sizes 7 to 14 Years Embroiered Gabardine for Stout Women “2&5: ' You’ll hardly believe your mirror when you try on this excellent quality Em- broidered abardine dress, and see the trim, slender, smartappearance you’ve attained. A dress guaranteed to give long, satisfactory wear. Skirt is finished with two wide, oose panels attached at waist and bottom. Edges bound in black, and em- broidered in contrasting color. Newlongrollshaw effect collar, vestee, and latest bell shaped sleeves all embroidered to harmo~ nize with skirt panels. Slightly shirredat waist- line in back. Sizes 44 to . bust measure. State Size and length. Order Navy by No. 5F7610. Brown by No. 5F7612. Send 5 . v.7? ' :1: ‘3. *W £522; State Sale Price, $3.98, and 13c for Size postage. Satisfaction Guaran- Wanted teed or Money Back Instantly. Mid-winter Bargain Sale Book Get Your Go yNow Your order from this a vertisement brings you our beautifully illustrated Mid-Winter Bargain Sale Book, fresh from the presses, and listing nearly a thousand matchless bargains in everything to wear for every member of the family. so send you, regularly, every Not onl this, but we will a s as ~ rv Clearances Side-Tie Fur Trimmed llelour Goal seas Designed alon . the season’s newest mes. .- Excellently made of serviceable W901 MixedVelour With Genuine Brown Coney Fur Shawl col- lar. Excellent tWilllining. Embroidery adorns the back and also sleeves which are stylishly fashioned. With sepa- rate cuti's. Len h_ about 48 inches. Women s_ sizes 34 to 44 bust. Misses' Sizes 32 t038 bust. Order Brown by No. 5F7130. Navy by No. 5F7 132. Send Sale Price, $9.98, and 16c postage. tate size. Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Back. A Daring Bargain! Rich Sateen DressA ron =2 You can't buy this attractiye dress agron anywhere else in the U. . for anywhere near this low price—qualit con- sidered. Made of cg endid guality Black Twill .ateen. he racefulV-neck,sueeves and sit are prettin tr; in With gay co ored cretonne. The pockets are finished with crepe applique edged With piping. Sizes. small, medium and! e. Order No. 7F6001. Send Sale Price, $1.49,a.nd 5cforpostage. State size. Satisfaction Guaran- teed or Your Money Back. ,v‘.‘\ "1, six wee s, the latest issues of our'Bargain Catalogs as they appear. In this way we will kee you in constant bargains o the moment. You of sending you smaller books fre touch with the latest fashions and the most attractive can readily see the advantages of Sharood’s plan quently, over the policy of other houses who send you, but once or tWice a year, a big catalog that takes many weeks to prepare and often fails to reach you until its styles and its prices are entirely out of date. You Will even more 1\Euickly see the benefits of the Sharood plan when you receive your cop of this through it to convince you that id-Winter Bargain Sale Book; for it will take but a glance Sharood’s offerings are the very newest—their prices the very lowest in America—bar none! Send Quick! them on approval—even before you get our book“. through these offers—don’t overlook a single one. by post card or letter, brin the regular Sharood Bargain Catalog every your name and address, mailing bet to receive will make your dollars go farther Your Money Back If Not §aiislied kin—e... m Minneapolis, Minn. The thing to do now is to tisement. These are picked bargains from our Mammoth Sale: Order because they are sure to be snapped up qu1ck. . Then, if you don’t see here just what you want. gs you this Sale Book, and also puts you on our. they have ever gone before! supply your immediate needs from this adver- six weeks. Act Now-Sharood Be sure to mention all sizes, colors, etc. I, J I y Help Farmers * HROUGH membership in a mifilty co?rative loamsysv tern, nearly farmers: are m: -. their mortgages» ' ‘thetwelve ‘ thesefamasue borrower ‘shares in the profits earned Already, more than $7,000,000 has been paid as dividends. Money for. these mortgage loansis- . thesdeof ' mm «hands Fuleral Land BankBonds. Moneyinwested in these Bomfi helps m- build up the farming Elsinva providing needed Federal Land Bail: Bonds have all: the safqu flood farm macs, plus adcfitional guarantees. . LandBank sacrament inheritancetaxes. Interestreceivedfromthemicfrecfiom income taxes. ,, " You can turn FederallandBankBondshwcaoh onshort notice or use them as security for a bank loan. _ Federal Land Bank Bonds yield a regulu income, myabl'e twice a year. Price and interest rate on request. Federal Land Bank Bonds may be had in denominations to fit your bank account: $40, $100, $500, $1,000, $5,000 and $10,000. Your choice of coupon or registered form, delivered by registered mail. Correspondence confidential. Remember, the words “The Federal Land Bank” appear at the top of ' every bond issued by a Federal Land Bank. Should you desire a Federal Farm Loan, apply to the Secrev tary'Treasurer of the nearest National Farm Loan Association. Your County Agent can give his name and address. Write today for free pamphlet, “Getting Together To Get Ahead.” Address the nearv est Federal Land Bank or the Fiscal Agent at Washington, D. C. Support your only» national cooperative lending and investing system, by putting your surplus funds into Federal Land Bank Bonds. Bu) 11 :i. ran Back Don-i} Federal Land Banks are located at Spri'ngfield.Mau. 8:. MMO. Louisville. Ky. Cdunbhyac. Mod-ans, Ln. Berkeley, Cal. St. Paddling Houston-{I‘m Kansas mmbr. Baldmode. Spokane.“ Fiscal Agent FEDERAL LAND BANKS Washington, D. C. L I .2 '1 E l '6 n E x l r W ~‘ . m , . chewed for years by the public and lawmakers and laws have been. M ed for? thflt Mou- bw all mitt have; been c total mm New, ,lht umwthimmmm WelmondWmdmgn find the remedy very simple and M bbymwh‘srasonoblemm the first m or the can W m‘ am also for surmise; mmmmmauasw disarm! their: term alarm at it. motor toilets we the New 0! their tile and for as: W text or fifteen years W This would be It!!! to all Ind: special privileges to 110116». Each one Would decide own tate- ald the: public. ‘wo‘ul‘d. be much. surfer and would soon a; great reduction. in lives lost and the hospital bills”. Extrem- tag the speeder I would like to know ', ; who would object to such a system. The Greatest Clubbing Offer Ever Made The Michigan Business Farmer $ -2 5 (Bi-Weekly) ‘ . ' AND __ Detroit Times 4 (Daily Market Edition) Regular Price $6.00 E believe this to be the greatest ofler ever made to residents or rural routes in Michigan. you abreast of state and international news of thekday and Michigan's e, to cop you posted on farm news. the trend of the markets and what farmers and farmers’ organi- zations are domg. This is an offer that should appeal to all real business farmers and we are proud to be able to make it at this time. It gives you a great metropolitan‘ially, only home—owned and edited farm ma GEO. M. SLOCUM. Publisher This phenominai low price is made to R. F. D. addresses only. Use this blank and send check, money order or registered letter to order The Michigan Business Farmer, Mt. Clemens, Michicnn BOTH ONE FULL keeping IKE MICHIGAN BUSINESS EARLIER, Mt. Clemens, Michigan. Dear Sir:— Enclosed find $3.25 for which you are to send The Detroit Times égfgnfidayglgt Edition) and the 1mm Business Farmer. both F‘mA n. F. D. No-m.--m.u’ou me, 8w?- . whitening“qusz moi-11 ‘ x. i i l o ‘c v 3 't 5 Years ago “we prohibit saloous by high license which favor- . ed the that had the“ We have had the same experience with the automobile. With, the experience we are hav- ing trying to regulate the speed- of automobiles I think it is time that we applied something more erect-I ive. Therefore. I have submitted the above remedy and believe it might be a benefit to the public.-——-E. R., Greenville, Mich. MORE ON RECORDING LAND TRANSFERS N a recent issue the Caro party says he does not like the Mt system or recenflng land: trous— fers. I have never talked: to at prac- tical farmer that did! ‘When J. W. Heime was a legislator he tried hard to have a. state—wide system at land registry adopted by general: law. along the lime of- “state guaranteed lend titles” much in use in ‘other states and Ontario—~0pflonal‘ with interested owners whether or not used. What happened? Every 'ab4 stract clerk and most of thereg— istrars with their whole omce force. halt the real estate men, all the tax title beneficiaries in; the state, took issue with the claimed advantages in; the bill, caused its: defeat and have - ever. since taken a: films at Mr. Hel‘me. Since, a Mr; King of Esoaneba proposed a change by‘ the indexed register route, so simple that a grad- ' er from High School. could. drop in the Register of Deeds’ ofice and tell the parents what was to be found on such a page, of such a date, of the property they had need of knowing, just a. matter oi! public history,—-a text—book, it you please. What was the result? He fared the same as Mr. Hel‘me before him, and the same afterward! He has had no friends ‘ among abstr'actors. In another issue of Tm: anmss me, a Michigan man complains of our line fence law, the issue be— ing “The obligation of a non-stock- grower, a non-poultry—raiser is und- er to maintain- half- a division fence,” when said. owner cannot possibiy benefit. This is a very na- tural feeling” just now when fence motorist is so costly and so perish- able, (light wire and thick sap posts lasting but 12. years here) every person hr. the» state with. like exper- f. fence can so testify with. sympathy. Our 30M lava are the cause of this? miracles—a; state wide. law used to‘ 3on owners of real estate where as local not should be used. The reason for this backward condi- tion or government of Michigan is largely owing to our extrema con- servatism. We regularly elect poli— m. court decision resound; cow m f Iago!” 118133 to citast last My. row \ Wm“ ‘M at 1915 “2‘39 date with. modern afiefi or con- firms—“Wreath: a' living m the miscr’ly grasp of the new? I, If there m m tidy mu- ni‘ I“. fill ~owning, and earning argued living from form. J and orchard m in mm (the other elm ottom- ers are always. radical: or progress- ive) to, such do I. appeal tors ram— 053‘. uterine a few mfiesfi‘ow . Amend the Constitution. when it m with new . .. We write our normalise act. in Constitu- tion, why not; write our primary and registrations act as well; in Basic law! Require prospective elector} from other staccato register with Wt m, filthy. full particular and taking. a transcript of am to be produced wherever they desist to vote one year swarm, w or six We; m mid greatly said police. Provide for a public We law instead a! a nominating petition. The My of first em to qualify under his party choice within a specified time, or automatically leave- th-c some in 1 column. first at left of to be done at spring election. No sep- arate primary! Leave the necessary elimination to the party or parties listed. Provide for a larger town- ship unit. for governing. locally by ? consolidating two or more townships of like topography and habit. of farming with more power to enact bar—laws than now. Provide: for a vote of interest on petition- for pub— lic work having for its object special or frontage- taxes for benefit. Pro- vide oficfal ballot at all school met- ' inns with voters resists rector at. taking. census ‘ rty‘ days prior to annual school meeting with but two classes of voters eligible: hrdl-; those with children and? those with ' property assessed. Also mm hal- . lot at Township primary for nomin- ation; after the annual reports! the Township is read instead a! before, as now. Give local boards of review more consideration in determining what is land value for W'pnr- poses. and eliminate staw: tax: from agricultural and forest loads. You now have specific tat: on can- ines,.———-an. honest tax! Why not on all animals including flair-bearers? This would be a; boon to. assessors and Boards of Review. If you Would save the roads, tax the tires instead of the gas! If you would save the woods don't tax them-tax the» sec- ond growth legs at the licensed'saw- . mill. A good dicpensirry law would: beat 'our present beverage controlr-it ,might not the bootl‘egger out or business with competition and take. the money into the palms till. We have not stopped eflectusfiy the consumption 01! alcohol—dined chang- ed- the‘ vendors, taken them from lie- bind“ the screen and placed them be- , hind the bush near the road—1E. . R}, Port Hope" Mich. _ True Chivalry The genius of a certain Arkansas- editor showed itself recently when be5 printed '_ the following news item in the local column of his paper: "Miss Beulah Blank, a Batesvillo belle ' of twenty summers. is visiting her twin ; brother, age“ thirty-two.”—-Arkansu Tax- , p ayer. Lawless Proceed!” The teacher was giving, the class a. lecture on j‘gravity." ' "New, children." the said, "it is the l laWofmvirythwtk-eopsusonesrth.”' “But please. teacher," One small m “how did we stick on" carers the )law was passed?’-~The= Tm (Lon- don . Also Like 3 m I Belly-“Dims mm m When I accepted him he he felt t- v m 'm.” l 1 r . i $242,472,094). as compared wifli ' 32.14.899.000 in 1922. and (183,-.- ‘885,000 in 19:21. This represents a gain or nearly 13 per cent over 1922 and 30 per cent over 1921. The valuations were computed on the . basis of the December 1 price except for such fruits as were out of season. In those cases the price was that re- ceived in the marketing .season. Wheat, barley, ,rye .and beans com- mander lower prices on December 1 than on the same date in'1922, all other crops showing a higher price. Corn, oats, hay, beans and apples brought a larger total monetary re- turn than in 1922, and Winter wheat, corn, buekwheat,‘ potatoes and hay returned a larger value per acre than in 1922. These larger‘returns were mainly due to better prices rather than larger yields as only winter , wheat, barley, beans and apples shewed a greater production, as shown by the annual report prepared by L. Whitney Watkins, State Com- missioner of Agriculture and Verne . H. Church, U. S. Agricultural Statis- tician. ‘ ' Notwithstanding this apparent im- provement in the general agricul- tural situation, Michigan farmers were compelled to pay approximately 20 per cent higher wages to!- their . hired labor than in 1922. On Octo- ber 15, the average farm price for crops and live stock was 21 per cent higher than in 1913, but the whole- aduced' 'in‘ during-r . f 23 have a total estimated value sale cost of all commodities was 53 per cent higher than in 1913. Therefore, the purchasing power of farm products: on that date was only 75 per cent of that in. 1913. This is seven per cent higher than it Was at the beginning of 1923 and 11 per cent higher than the lowest point, which was touched in August and September, 1922.’ The trend being upward, conditions may be said to be improving but the increase has been discouragingly slow' especially to those farmers having heavy financial obligations. The farmers that se— cured better than average yields ' generally realized a little profit this year, but practically all whose yields fell below the average received no adequate return' for their labor and investment, and many suffered a direct cash loss. The spring was backward and the planting of early crops thereby de— layed. A heavy snow covering over the northern half of the State de- layed the arrival of warm weather. Freezing temperatures occurred 'on several dates during May. However, ' extremely warm weather in June hastened growth and nearly all crops attained a normal development by the middle of July. The low tem— peratures in May did some injury to fruit in the southwestern counties where a. portion of it was in bloom at the time, but practically no harm was done elsewhere in the State and there was a good crop of nearly all kinds of fruit. The season was un— favorable for the development of tungous diseases, and all fruit and roots crops were unusually tree from \ them. Drought was particularly severe in Mason and adjacent coun- ties during July and August, causing considerable damage to crops in that region and lesser injury in other localities. Good rains in September helped late crops, and'the absence of a general frost until October per- mitted practically all crops to mature well. The fall was mild and pleas- ant which enabled farmers to com- plete the harvesting of crops and to do more than the usual amount of plowing for next year’s planting. For 1923, the State ranked 17th among the states in the production of all crops. Last year it held 22nd place althbugh it usually holds 18th place. 1. Vanishing Ancestor "How far do they trace their ancestry?" "The grandfather, a City Bank Direc- tor, was traced as far as China; there all" traces were lost.”—London Opinion. In and Out: A taxi-driver recently got the Worst of arordy bout. ~ 4 old man with a wheelme would .not‘ get out of the way, and the taxi- ogtedi . "You ought to be wheeling ‘ , apnea CHVEO __ . _'fir:.Ee0nb-s¢iéa7 flanSponatim M j.,...,,_._, ,..,___4,_-_1.__; i'f LE T // ___.,»;/ ‘m l When low priced cars came on the market, PRICE was the magnet that drew buyers be— cause low price made automo' biles possible for millions hith' erto debarred from the advan— tages of motor transportation. Time and experience have de- veloped the fact that purchase price ——- although an important factor—must always be con— sideredinconnectionwithoper' ating, and maintenance costs. Chevrolet prices are not the lowest on the _market, yet Chevrolet economical trans— portation averages lowest in cost. This average cost con— siders the purchase price, in— terest on investment, deprecia» tion and all operating and maintenance costs. A detailed comparison with any other car in the low priced field will convince you that pun-ouom-umu-nu .-"’:“= p 3 The Economical ; Quality Car ‘ Chevrolet is the best buy be» cause of its superior quality and because the purchase price includes full equipment. More than a million Chevrolets are now in use. Twelve huge - plants are now building them at the rate of twenty—five hun’ dred per working day. Nearly one—half million Chevrolets were bought in 1923—-far exceeding in number the sales of any other quality car. Thus, our statements have the strongest possible backing, ’ namely, the faith and patron— age of the American people who know automobiles and know practical values better than any other people on earth. Let any one of our seven thousand dealers show you our seven types of cars and ex- plain how easy it is to get one and enjoy its use. Prices f. o. b. F lint, _Mich. SUPERIOR Roadster . . . $490 SUPERIOR Touring . . . 495 SUPERIOR Utility Coupe . 640 SUPERIOR Sedan . . . . 795 \ [SUPERIOR Commercial Chassis . . . . . . $395 SUPERIOR Light Delivery 495 Utility Express Truck Chassis 550 Chevrolet Motor Company, Detroit, Michigan } ' ,Division of General Motors Corporation 1,» ve 1/2 ‘cALVANNEALso' WIRE Extra thick zinc coating penetrates INTO the steel wire. preventing it ing off. Ordinary GALVANIZED WIRE Thin coating of zinc, un- evenly applied. Ordi— nary process of galva- nizing merel lays zinc ON, not IN 0 the wire. > " Hill“! The small, com- ' I pact, sturdy Square H - Knotis positive- ly guaranteed 1 not to slip. Vi" ,— from flaking and peel-‘ on yor Fence Bill Use Rust-Proof Fence ° WE GUARANTEE“Galvannealed”—(newly discovered rust-proof fence wire)—to last 2 to 3 timeslonger by any standard test, and to carry 2 to 3 times morezinc coating than any ordi- nary galvanized fence wire made. This means “Galvannealed” should last 2 to 3 times longer in actual use and. therefore, costs % to % as much as you now pay. In “Galvannealed ” wire the extra heavy zinc coating is amalgamated IN TO the steel body of the wire. In ordinary galvanized wire the thin zinc coating is merely laid ONTO the wire—“Galvannealing” goes IN, galvanizing only gees ON. Square Deal Fence is now made up from both “ ‘Galvannealed’, the Triple-Life Wire” and from the regular quality of galvanized wire. Farmers who know how to save money buy Square Deal fence. Stiff, picket-like stay wires make fewer posts necessary; wavy or crimped strand wires provide springiness and keep the fence tight and trim; the famous Square Deal Knot holds stay and strand wires in a vise-like grip, posi- tively guaranteed not to slip. Two Fine Books FREE Ropp’s New Calculator—valuable farm book. Instantly figures cash value of crops; capacity of cribs, bins, silos; answers 75,000 farm problems. Write for it. Post card will do. Send no postage. Get this 50c book and Square Deal catalog that tells all about “‘Galvannealed’, the Triple— Life Fence.” Keystone Steel & Wire Co. 4826 Industrial Street, Peoria, Illinois it? 1% I we. . - itth .L n 104 page catalog giving low page a page of res My Big NEW catalog is filled from 3 cover to cover with Bigger. Better values than ever this season. You’ll be glad you sent for my New Bargain 'Book when you see the big savings I am givmg my customers. My plan of selling Direct From Factory saves you 1/3 or more. Write today for my ‘ FREIGHT PREPAID rices on Fencing. Gates Steel posts. arb Wire, Roofian and f’nint. Every bargains. Quality and satisfaction guaranteed. Write like Iron standshardest out- door service. The farmers’ favorite. ' ' for catalog today. JIM BROWN. I t o t ear -u ROWN FENCE a WIRE co. ~. M 3 W er . . Dept. 3908 CIeVeIand. O. .. ol- DON’T WEAR A TRUSS BE COMFORTAB LE— Wear the.Br00ks.Appli.aiice, the modern scientific invention which gives rupture sufferers immediate relief. I has no obnoxious s rings or pads. Automatic Air (gishions bind and draw together 'the broken parts. No saivas or lssters. Dureble._ Cheap. Sent on rial to prove, its worth. Be- ware of imitations. portrait and signature of ears on every Appliance. envelope. II. C. EIIIIDKS Look for trade-mark bearing C. ' Brooks which _ep— . l\one .otlier genuine. ll information and booklet free in plain sealed IIIIII APPLIANCE 00.. 291 STATE 83.. MARSHALL, MIC“ Famous H-B Hard Pan 3;]: f0]? it name. Soles made from best part of hide. Uppers specially retanned to resist water and barnyard acids. Roomy, comfortable. Your store sells it, or can get it for you. All leather and all good leather The guarantee of30 years of honest workmanship are behind H-Bdepcndablc service and dress shoes for men arid boys. Good looking. long- Wcaring, fairly priced. They satisfy your feet and pocketbook. HEROLD—BERTSCH SHOE CO. Grand flapids, Mich- Sznd far/rec broiler. Bow — ONE YEAR TO . PAY " moduli" 9 running- IIIW BUTTERFLY defects maria also in tour Malice; soldou DAYB' FREE TRIAL y earn theirmcoot no.5 5: ,. «F , .m‘migtififiwm ( Ottawa. ‘. i i) mazes-annular. chi-u ENGINES Karim. mo [mu Put-burgh. P How to Make Money llalslng Foxes If you get the right start. fox raisins will pay you enormous profits. We show you how—we start you right. On a small investment you can start on the road to fortune. The Blob Seer-oi oi Succes- , in the fox raising uslness is gettingthe right loun- dstion stock from reliable breeders. We have finest stock in. the country—animals with show - owls—Don’t take chances—set your foundation from us and be on the safe side. Let us start you right. Writs today for full ' - Del.qu Silver for: In deli. ‘ Minutes. MENTION HIOHIOIN IUCINICI FARM!!! tho- Wflll WRITING To ADVERTISERS PLIAII. - TEXT: “What. is, old is gone. - the new has come.”— Cor. 5:17 b. (Moffatt). I " THIS new day of 1924 is one of change. It is a day of exit. The old is going and the new is coming. This is a day of scrutiny; of comparison, selection, and clini— ination. It is a day when the prinA ciples of cooperation and coordina- tion are coming under critical obser- vation. This day is seeing the lea- ven of Christ doing some intense work. We feel that world-wide, un- iversal ideas, plans, and goals are having their birth, tho in great tra— vail. So, we may yet hope that the twentieth century is yet to be bless- ed thru a religion of international good—will. “Go ye * * * and make disciples of all nations,” says the Christ. When the apostle uttered the Words of Our text, he was interpret- ing.the realism of Christ. But re— ligion, that is, Christianity, is still in the crucible, because the world has not understood. Faith yet holds, that when we teach and live all things whatsoever Christ has commanded, then tomorrow will have exchanged its provincialism, nationalism, and radicalism, for in- ternationalism and 'interracialism; for human brotherhood. It will have come up, or got back, to 3. Gospel that is universal in its reach and adaptation; back to Christ and the apostles, Where there is neither bond nor free, Jew nor Greek. Chinese nor African, working-man nor capitalist, klan nor anti—klan, high caste nor low caste, but all are one in Christ. The apostle Paul says, further, that all creation is in travail waiting the revealing of the sons of faith. We all shall be glad to hail the rising star of orthodoxy thru a simple trust in Jesus Christ. This is to be the sole seal of legit- imacy in true religion. What are some of the signs? {11 the home land there is hope that the give Christ of denominationalism is to give way to the Christ of the Gos— pels. Church federation is growing, and union and community churches are becoming more numerous day by day. In foreign lands, denomina- tional and comity federation are recognized as a fundamental need. National churches are now in the process of formation. S. D. Gordon universalizes and well—nigh unsects the Christian religion by saying that the day is coming when you will not be saked to what church you belong, but what are you doing. (Cf. Matt. 25:31-46). And so it seems that a. sacramental religion is to find its only justification in a positive, ethic— al Christianity. Now, is the conventional church meeting modern demands? As an instance of failure, the Russian church has all but gone to pieces, spiritually and corporately. A na— tive minister writes that the people looked to her in this day of new demands, “earnestly to direct the life of’the nation in new and right channels.” But in her conventions the main topic of discussion was: “what form of clothing should the clergy wear?” This formal and rit— ualistic church once dominated the land. It satisfied the spiritual con- ception and desires of the masses. How we have hugged to our bos— roms the historical signifance of the Greek church still practicing apos— tolic ordinances! This is the church. that, not because of these ordi— nances, but in spite of them, has, in the crucial test, gone spiritually bankrupt. It was a blind leader of the blind. When it ought to have been the spiritual solace and power of Russia’s confused masses; when it ought to have been ready to make itself felt and heard, it was helpless and impotent. It was tied down to customs and traditions of the dead ast. D And we shall have to continue to wonder for some time yet, how it is that the Christ of Luke 4:18 is not giving us economic comfort and po- litical peace. But the new Christ- ianity is to demonstrate that there is a rational, a spiritual”, way to solve human problems.' Former President LWiison dared attempt to " lead us. into’ftliis high road in intere‘ national.- politics. A magazinefwrit‘» er wrote. at the time, “The human familyiwill have to set. rightyasout A" SERMON BY envy DAVID F- WARNER ‘, .their inglorious reign. » the work of reforming and master- ing themselves, getting rid of their prejudices and .fixed ideas, and enter . upon the task of judging everything by the standards that Jesus laid down, if it is going to fulfill the President’s demands.” But let old 'men wail, women be “raped, "and Smyrna burn; partisian politics and industrial imperialism must have Why? Ask denominational church leaders who are content in official smugness. Ask I the capitalist who sits in the front What christian is not ashams , pew. ed of the pacts of Lusanne? It is but reasonable that the church should urge unity, harmony, and justice in all the domains of human living. God can come' on earth only by writing the King’s teaching on the hearts of nations, as well as individ- uals. Today we are living under a nervous peace and civilized human- ity is falling back into social dis- order and unhappiness. Thus, we may know we are indifierent to a. democratic and ethical Gospel. We are_to believe in Christian ordin~ ances, 'worship,iand prayer: but the churches have yet to prove that these things are creative of spiritual power and life. Will it take an- other period of war and .red 'gore of battle to bring the church to her knees? I wonder if the church has ever had such an opportunity as today,— in China, India, Russia, Japan, and elsewhere? In the great convulsive condition of the world, all peoples are groping for an articulate faith Versailles and in God. Chas. E. Scott found a Chinese village where they had thrown away their idols, forsaken heathen priests, and had formed a society to seek after the true God. Is Christianity ready enough, united enough, powerful enough, to bring to the heathen world, the only true Mediator of faith, Jesus Christ? Life is being aroused everywhere. Is the church able to direct it so that it will not get lost? Surely, this is a day of Kingdom opportunity! To save it we must have" a church outwardly federated and inwardly generated. The times are demanding vital religion, spirit- ual religion, spiritual reality. A convention of the South India Unit- ed Church adopts the following: “We face together the gi’gantic task of the winning of India for Christ—— one—fifth of the human race. Yet confronted by such overwhelming responsibility, we find ourselves rendered weak and relatively impots ent by our unhappy divisions—di— visions for which we were not re- sponsible and which have been, as it were, imposed upon us from with- out; divisions which we did not create and which We do not desire to perpetuate.” When will we un- derstand‘that, as another has said, “The mission of Christianity is to transform civilizations, not to trans- fer them.” Now, the world needs to know that it is on the wrong road, that it is staggering to ruin in its own' self—righteousness. This declaration must be the unceasing cry and pray- er of the church. And it is, but the world has not minded. Why? .Well, on the church’s side as an in- stitution, she has not met funda- mental human needs and instincts. So, the present crucible of affliction, methinks, is pressing the church to purge religion of unholy divisions and dogmatical bickerings, and to give the world a simple, practical Gospel that meets the needs and longings of a travelling humanity. I wonder if the church could not heal more souls if it would serve more bodies. BIBLE THOUGHTS DO WE?—Jesus said unto him, thou shalt love the Lord’ thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy . soul, and with all thy mind.—Mat- thew 22:37. - , ~' IS NOT THIS "THE_”FAST that, I have chosen? to leese the bands of wickednelss, to undo the heavy but;- dens, and to let the oppressedlgo A free, andthat ye break eyery yoke? —f-—Isaiah 58,!6. r 'A B’AMP" AND The Kingdom of' . A menace—Thy .j wiordgis' a lamp tunto mygfeetand a. light unto.swells—Pi- ~11? a195- ~ : ‘ frag ’ .,.q . J _‘...4_-.. ; , , . warms-51.4 ’ .9... . 4.. 4--.. A q ’ “ V;‘.| ‘ I ‘A. Wfi'fl-WK} ’ A Dow * Puts this/Olde- Tan Metal-to-Me’tal Harness on Your Horses We trust ' ou wherever you live. Only 87. down. *ey the Mmthly. Write for tree herneetilbolok. Lem dgbzugtthlsgngrfveimstul- Oo-m cons c on. e I W erever char-eels wear-“gunk. No old-fuhloued buckles. Fa "flamw'srsr 'sahrsnrnurstaia superiority. lde-Tuu harness in nude by e ten- nor-menu 1- who follows every step from the row-hide to the completed harness. 0 Write for Free Book _ for so her-noes boo . ' been ell also t .50 It's-y meat or end the Oldeflmb unuso'ii 5305.. Dept; 93-01 : I em end "If-hill Blvd.. chm... III. Can SaVeMonej by buying your implements ‘ under the ( MOLI NE Plan See a Moline Dealer or write for details NEW MOLINE PLOW CO. " Molina, I II ’ Think of it. We can now sell Excel] Met-l Plug, 28 gauge corru- I .. . . _' gated at only $3.45 per 100 ' sq. ft. painted. Galvanized only $4.80. If you have been waiting for metal roofing prices to come down. here they are—di- rect from factory prices—lower than you can get anywhere else. Send for our New Catalog coverin all styles Metal Roofing. Siding, Shin- gles, Ri ging. Ceiling, etc.. Will save you money. PREPARED ROOFING ONLY SI“ Don’t buy Roofing. Paints, Fencing. Gas Engines, Tires—anything on need until you get our latest catalog. on can see and try our roofing fore you pay. All sold on.money back guar- antee. Write for Money Sovm The United Factories 00., Cleveleud. 0h 0 PUT THIS NEW MILL ON YOUR If OLD TOWER Albion steel and wood rm"- are quiet and powerful. One-third the warli- l port: of any other mill.‘ y mam Pltman bearing sub;ch lo wen. This Is oilleu, and euny veo pluceble. Govern: by dependnble weight Wlllloill twinge File my 4-posl "eel lower. Why nouhorten our chore hours now with a good indmnll). This in your chance—F. O. B. Albion. Elect ll your-ell. AIR your dealer. or write dived lo . Union Staci Product- Co. Ltd. e t. 84 Albion. liner. 0. 8. A tile, wood and cement 0W 111 in - “bromine: Regine" . I. . , ' csouont. Write for special agency proposition.| National on; Pro- I 00., so . , glook.Q Muncle. Indiana. Early buyers 6 . fl _ ,0 Meoth , nee _ . lino. wag-gum: mun v um um? OVER 500,000 WAYSIDE FARM MARKETS IN 1924 \ HE summer of 1924 will see more than 500,000 wayside mar- kets in successful operation throughout the United States. While such a 'vast number Seems almost incredible it is said to be borne out by an investigation made by the National Farm Market Bu— reau, of Toledo, 0., an organization devoted to statistical research and in aiding the farmer in finding a profitable market for his produce of whatever nature. For the past year the Bureau has has been conducting a campaign of research into the extent and import- ance of rural roadside markets, and is authority for the statement that 1924 will find half a million front- yard markets doing business thruout Uncle Sam’s domain, and—making money. It bases its enlightening declara— tion on a thorough investigation made in a dozen scattered states, one of the surprising features of which was that in 90 per cent of the replies received from “wayside farm marketers” the writers credited a large share of their success to the intelligent use of bulletin boards. “Not only is the bulletin board unfailingly an economical method of adi'ei'tising for the farmer, but it in— variably hits the nail on the head." says the statement. “It is the farmer’s ‘silent salesman’, summer and winter, always on the job, con-- serving time and money, and in- directly causing a stream of Shekels to pour into the coffers of the road- side market merchant, be he farmer or gardner. “To obtain a bulletin board is the easiest thing imaginable. One way is to take several smooth boards and nail them together. Paint the sur- face a dull black, and there you have your blackboard bulletin board; or cover the surface with blackboard \ cloth, which takes chalk rapidly and is inexpensive. Maybe the children have a playroom blackboard, and if so it can be used during the vaca- tion season at least. “Yet another way is to purchase a board ready-made ‘in town’, or have some carpenter make you one. Bet- ter yet, in some communities enter- prising merchants or banks, or man- ufacturing concerns, give away neat bulletin boards to their rural friends or patrons conducting wayside mar— kets. These are always excellently made and are preferable to any other sort. So if you want to succeed in the wayside market business use a bulletin, board.” Here are some interesting facts in connection with the investigation: Number of questionnaires sent out, 21,592; replies received from persons conducting bona fide wayside mar— kets, 5,481; percentage reporting f financial success, 94; percentage re— , porting net annual profit of $1.000. [58; $,2000, 41; $3,00, 36; $4,003 I l l 28; $5,000, 19; $5,000 and over, 14; percentage of markets conducted ex- clusively by women, 21; percentage I of markets selling some commodity , in winter, 34; percentage farm mort— igages raised by profits from mar- kets, 18. Average number of customers per market daily (estimated), 38; great— est number of customers, reported in a day by any one market, 1.436; earliest crop marketed, strawberries: latest, apples; number buying autos with market profits, 2,214; number installing radio sets, 708; number buying musical instruments, 2,612: number spending winter in Florida or California on market profits, 312; number selling all farm products through the market, 3,168; average 'I sellinaseason, June 15 to Oct. 1. g "It s_ impossible,” states the re— port, ,“to make any definite declar— ation ‘asto the number of markets 'Ednd,“‘th§t ,1: . " sumrfiei-“bt' 11924: ‘wfii more, servinédihe public." in operation'thjroug'hbut‘the'COuntry,' ‘ 4. but we'feglficqnfldeiith from; data at see less’th_§hg§fipl"'fh‘niillibh; perhaps ' ‘ Marvelous Oil Stove Converts No wick to clean No noise No soot N o smoke I"lllllllml!!!"m'lllllllllll l um "um" \ “\\\'\"A ‘I\\\\\\‘\\\V arc-a . g “.2” Al Kerosene into Gas—Gives Clean Blue Flame A speedy cooker—bakes, roasts, boils same as a gas range. This is the range people every- where are talking about. It created a sensation at the State Fair. Thou- sands saw it subjected to tests that would cripple any other oil stove. Thousands of hardware and furni- ture dealers all over the country are now selling it. People every- where are enthusiastic about it. Go and see it before buying any range. It is an all-year range. Has Gas Range Advantages because it burns gas You will like its beauty, its con- venience, its cleanliness. It gives you a new and wider range of ser- vice. It will enable you to do better cooking, baking, roasting with less effort and no disappointments be- cause you can regulate the heat— you turn the flame up or down with a lever valve same as a gas range. Each Vapo Burner is 11 Miniature Gas Plant It makes hydro-carbon gas from kerosene. It is smokeless, sootless, odorless and wickless. It does not burn a thin film of oil; it burns gas. You get a clear BLUE flame of powerful heating intensity. You get a cooking, baking and roasting ability that is entirely new and unprece- dented in an oil range. 32 to 36 hours of heat from 1 gallon of kerosene —And that by using burner turned on fully. You get 50 to 60 hours’ service with burner regulated tot, simmering heat. Lever 'valves of automatic locking type give perfect control of flame. You can tell whether “ON” or “OFF” at a glance. Safety lock prevents accidental altering of flame. Sight feed in our patented valve enables you to see oil feeding drop by drop. Oil tank is conveniently placed for easy filling. And Range sets flush against the wall. Built-in Bolo Oven Insures Quick Baking Each Vapo Range with oven has BOLO type oven—Big or Little —made big or little by Bolo plate for slow and fast baking at the same time. Oven is ventilated insuring light pastry, cakes and bread. The Bolo feature cuts down fuel bills as wellasinsuring quick results. Every- thing that hampers you in the use of ordinary oil ranges is banished from the Vapo. Other Important Features Big Cooking top enables you to speed up meals. High Shelf does not interfere with use of wash boiler on top. White Enameled Splasher, oven doors and legs are easily kept clean. ' Lever valve easily and surely regulated. Burners easily cleaned. Durable construction equal to finest gas ranges. , Very compact: Vapo six-burner type goes in space of ordinary four-burner stove. Furnished with or without oven in three- burner, four—burner, and six-burner styles. Right or left-hand oven. Take this advertisement to your dealer and ask him to show you a Vapo range. If he has none is stock, write us and We will see that you are supplied. THE VAPO STOVE COMPANY, Lima, Ohio Oil Ranges Heaters 1 ' Hot Water Heaters ‘ ' The SATURDAY. JANUARY 19, 1924 Edited and Published by THE RURAL PUBLISHING COMPANY, Ino. GEORGE M. SLOOUM, President Mt. Clemens, Mlchlgsn Detroit Office—Washington Blvd. Building Represented in New York, Chicago, St. Louis and Minneapolis by the Associated, Earn: Papers, Incorporated Member of Agricultural Publishers Association Member of Audit Bureau of Circulations ._Managing Editor Farm Home Editor .Fruit Editor Radio ’ Editor Milon Grinnell Mrs. Annie Taylor Frank D. Wells. J. Herbert Ferris Wilhsm E. Brown... .._.Legal Editor Rev. David 1“. Warner ......................................... ..Religious Editor R. O. Groesbeck ................................. .. . M. A. C. Correspondent Carl H. Knopf. Special Qorres ondent Robert J. Mcf‘olgan ........................................ -.Circuhtion fanaser Ralph C. Griffith ................................................................ _.Auditor Henry F. I-liplnns Plant Superintendent ONE YEAR 80¢. TWO YEARS $1. FIVE YEARS $2. The date following your name on the address label shows when your subscription expires. In renewing kindly send this label to avoid mistakes. Remit by check. draft, money-order or registered letter; stamps and currency are at your risk. We acknowledge by first-class mail every dollar received. Advertlslng Rates: 45c per agate line. 14 lines to the column inch, 772 lines to the page. Flat rates. . lee Stock and Auction Sale Advertlslng: We offer special low rates to relfllmbie breeders of live stock and poultry; write us. RELIABLE ADVERTISERS We will not knowingly accept the advertising of any person or firm who us do not beliere to be thoroughly honest and reliable. Should any reader have any cause for complaint against any gid- vertiser in these columns. the publisher would appreciate an im— mediate letter bringing all facts to light. In every case when writing say: "I saw your advertisement in The Michigan Business rmerl" It will guarantee honest dealing. " The Farm Pa‘per of Service” FRIDAY PREDICTS PROSPERITY R. DAVID FRIDAY, economist, .and former president of Michigan Agricultural College spoke on three occasions in Detroit last week, and in each, predicted that 1924 would see a continuation of the prosperity which com- mercial centers of the country are enjoying and 8. distinct improvement in the position of the farmers. Regarding Michigan and the agricultural situ— ation, he said: “Notwithstanding reports to the contrary, agriculture, outside of the northern— most districts of the wheat belt, has experienced a not unfavorable year. Michigan farmers should have been pretty well satisfied with their returns from sugar beets and beans. The most discouraging outlook is that of the wheat farmers of Montana, the Dakotas and perhaps Nebraska. The process of finding relief in these regions through diversified farming, must be slow, and, unless Canada’s wheat crop fails, our wheat growers must suffer from keen competition.” These words are doubly effective coming from Dr. Friday because his reputation as a prophet have been pretty well borne out, since he made his statements at Farmers’ Week at Lansing, a. year ago, that the year 1923 would see a con- siderable improvement in farm conditions, especi— ally here in Michigan, and that the exodus of farmers to the cities,‘ could only result in an im- proved condition for those farm )I‘S who remain on the farm. Further that lessened produc- tion always resulted in higher prices, whether it be in raw materials, manufactured articles, or in farm produce. At least most of us will hope Dr. Friday is right about 1924. * We believe he is! HOWARD SAYS SO, TOO! AMES R. HOWARD, former president of the American Farm Bureau, is the first agricul- turist in the public eye to support our conten- tion that the restriction of immigration is a dis- advantage to the farming business in America. Mr. Howard, however, takes it up from the viewpoint that our restriction of immigration is causing the colonization of many new agricultur- al territories in other lands which will be com- petitors of America, if not immediately, in fu- ture generations. It is our contention that if the right kind of emigrants, real workers and their families, are allowed to come into the United States freely and be absorbed by industry ,and agriculture, they would of themselves offer a sufficient con- suming market to more than merit their admit- tance, and that in the name of humanity there is no reason why we should close the gates to this land of prosperity! We do not wish to be construed as commend- ing unrestricted immigration, but we do believe that it is pessible for the American consuls abroad to separate and segregate undesirable ap- plicants and not to allow any prospective immi- grant to set out from his native land without credientials in his pockets which would, when he had proved himself worthy, admit him to cit- izenship here. ’ . The present situation only means that the dehudforlaborinthecitieshascurtanedena tirer the supply of labor to the farms and the “ farmer'mnet. look to, immigration if he lsgto be supplied. There are millions of peasants who ‘ i BUSINESS-FARMER W " : f . p pros TEE 1924no-An’ VERYONE interested in good roads in Michi- gan will praise the present plans of the state highway department to complete 500 miles of concrete roads and such" additional gravel roads as the state can pay for from the - funds derived from license tax receipts and the sale of road bonds, during 1924. ‘ . The Governor figures that not less than 100 miles can be built entirely by the prison labor already organized for road work, and in addition, every available prison "trusty" will be applied to the construction of the paved highways if the Governor has his way. > Already the State Highway Department en- gineers have disclosed that on 10.4 ‘miles of pave- ment laid on Grand River Avenue by both-free and prison labor, the state saved over $36,000, or nearly $4,000 per mile, less than the estimates of the lowest bidders. ' ‘ . THE BUSINESS FARMER has commended from the first the use of prison labor on the roads in Michigan, both for building new roads and the maintenance of the hundreds of miles of good roads we already have in condition. We have also commended the Governor on the establish- ment of the state—owned cement plant, because the requirements this year are estimated at 1,000,000 barrels of cement for road construction in Michigan alone. This does not mean that the state can make all of the cement they use, but that with this factory in operation it will set at rest any of the many rumors that the state is being gouged by the organized cement manufac- turers. Michigan has a right to be proud of the pro- gress,.made in road building during the year 1923, but from all indications 1924 will out—distance that record. Good roads are expensive, but in the long run good roads will show a profit to every citizen who helps to pay for them. THE BOK PEACE PLAN OME months ago that public-spirited individ- ual, Edward Bok, former editor, offered under certain conditions a cash prize of $100,000.00 for the best plan submitted for world peace, .and the winning plan has just been awarded the prize. The name of the winner has been withheld, however, because it is desired to take a national referendum as to whether the people of this country want a permanent peace plan and whether the suggested plan is satis- factory. It is felt that if the winner's name Were announced before the referendum was made it might be construed as a political move from one side or the other and thus the whole value would be lost. The plan briefly proposes as follows: . I. That the United States shall immedi- ately enter the Permanent Court of Inter- national Justice, under the conditions stated by Secretary Hughes and President Hard- ing in February, 1923. V II. That without becoming a member of the League of Nations as at present consti— tuted, the United States shall offer to ex- tend its present cooperation with the League ‘ and participate in the work of the League as body of mutual counsel under conditions which , 1. Substitute moral force and public opinion for the military and economic force originally implied in Article X and XVI. 2. Safeguard the Monroe Doctrine. 3. Accept the fact that the United States will assume no obligations under the Treaty of Versailles except by Act of Congress. 4. Propose that membership in League should be opened to all nations. 5. Provide for the continuing develop- ment of international law. This plan would seem to place the United States in the position which we have always felt it should occupy as the leader in the progress of world peace and democracy. It should be ob- vious to every thinking American that we can- not stand isolated from the rest of the world and serve the useful purpose to humanity for which we are dutybound.‘ If any of our readers have not read the Bok Peace Plan we will be glad to secure for them copies which can be passed on to your local farm organizations or churches, as it to voluminous for reprinting completely in these columns, although we would like to. the A GOOD JOB WELL DONE OHETIMESV we think the flowers given the living are much more 'cherished than those placed on the caskets of the dead and a dainty nosegay 'on our way to Work some morn- ing may be more inked than the floral horseshoe Von ore-planning to “send us! All of lemons-co out We word or two its during the out ~ raised. B. F.» Bernese. ' ram men hayezn hazardous and general 'one that we certainly do notenvy them. Mery- I one wants‘hia taxes reduced and yet‘it- is-.’ob¥-""." vious that some taxes are too low and must the "Li You can well imagine the grief that..5 such a job brings with it. ’ ~‘ _ This Commission has-worked nightsnd day/1,7 during the past year trying to relieve the to: sit- uation which exists in Michigan and ‘we~ have I‘ heard few Words of commendation. ,, We hope, theCommission will accépL‘thls as ,a slight token of our appreciation of work well done by faithfulpublic servants, in which we hope we will be joined by the many thousands of farmer-readers of THE BUSINESS FARMEE. COREY. SPENCER, A onEVALIER IF you happen to meet Corey Spencer, of Jack- son, owner of the Grand River Stock Farm, at an auction sale in the near future, hesitate before you step up and slap him on the back and—- call him by his first name. . As told on page 4 of' this issue, Mr. Spencer has been awarded the Croix' de Chevalier du Merite Agricole and that he should speak to come mon folks in the future will be only because-of his generous good nature andlis desire not to show a swollen cranium simply because of the deep honor which the French government has conferred upon him. Mr. Spencer is famous—in Michigan not only for this signal honor but for a good many years of conscientious work in building up the live- stock industry in Michigan, particularly in the' Holstein breed and for which, we doubt, if he will ever receive any especial badge of merit from our state or government. We are rather lax in this country in acknowledging obligations of this kind and we could well follow the example set by the French government in this regard. There are any number of men who have con- tributed unlimited advantages to agriculture who have never received a pittance for their toil or any recognition from their government. We are glad that this signal honor has come: to Michigan and particularly to Corey J. Spencer because he deserves it. HAVE YOU A RADIO? “ HEY don’t know what they’re missing,” said a good farmer friend of mine from whom I inquired as to the reason why so few farm homes are equipped with a radio re- ceiving set. The second reason which we found for the ap- parently cold reception which farmers are giving radio was the fear of lightning traveling down the aerial and causing damage to the home. This, however, can» be easily prevented either by a knife switch or a special lightning arrester which costs only a dollar or so and offers automatic protection, besides being approved by the insur- ance underwriters s0'that it does not affect fire insurance any more than telephone or lighting wires coming into the same house: ‘ g It is a fact, friends, that you who are isolated from towns and cities do not know what you are missing by not equipping your home with a radio receiving outfit. You can build a. set yourself that will give excellent results or you can buy one at a. comparatively low cost when the daily pleasure and profit to be derived from a radio is considered. Next to the automobile I consider the radio the greatest advantage which the farmer has achieved in our lifetime. Think it over and we believe you will want one! A DANGEROUS PRECEDENT SECRETARY of State Hughes setup a very dangerous precedent when he decided to sell arms to the present constitutional gov- ernment in Mexico and refused to sell them to Huerta and the rebels who are opposing President Obregon. _ No matter which side is right we must keep in mind that our own George Washington was a rebel in the eyes of the British monarchy, and while Secretary Hughes and the administration“ may be perfectly justified in the present situ- ation, there is a precedent being set up here of discrimination on the part of our government which might in time lead to most serious con-- sequences. If we are sincere in our prayers for world-I peace, how can we go into the markets of the world with war-material for sale? ' James Columns, Michigan’s lighting an Ida-1m plan to: assassinate: cartoon new new " to in arm...» y thank!" an and _, .‘si F‘ “WE WANT “IOUBooons'z . ‘ IS is a title of a circular which Landon 8; ~Werling, 1307 Perry ‘ Street, Detroit, Michigan, sent 'v 'out;_to a' large list of farmers in Michigan,» and they were certainly x honest about that statement at least, because they not only wanted ' the goods but after they got them ugfithey forgot tops: for them! Their circular offered fancy prices . for dressed veal and hogs and chick- ' 011. turkeys and ducks. ‘ One of our « readers sent them 20 hens,» weigh- ' 1118' 110 pounds, and another reader ,_ shipped two mates of Barred Rock » hens, 84 in all, weighing 175 . (pounds, and they are still “waiting V at the church” for their money. We not only made an investiga- tion, but on finding that we could not locate the parties, turned the matter over to the local post omce . ‘ inmctor, who under date of Jan- uary 10th returned our. file stating as follow: “In reference to enclos— ed correspondence, I have to advise that the concern complained of are out of laminae, left no' change of address, and all eilort to locate eith- er of the persons has been without result. It appears to have been a case of a couple of fly—by—night op— erators who gathered in what they could get and then disappeared. “It would appear to me that your paper could accomplish great good by advising all of your patrons to not ship products to any strange concern without first making some inquiry regarding their rating. If they would do that there would be fewer losses and complaints."-—— . E. Fraser, Post Office Inspector. The Inspector is quite right and we have for several years pointed out to our readers of this page, that we would be glad to investigate any commission house which oilers them an outlet for farm products, at no. expense to our subscribers, and ad- vised our readers not to ship to any concern which they have not had previous experience or which was not recommended by this publica- tion or some other reliable source. Apparently some peole never will learn and all we can do is to keep the facts before those who will. SHE MAKES IT G0! I have a heavy simplex auto knitter and I certainly make good with it and when these people com- plain they don’t make good, the fault surely lies mostly with them- selves. Just the other day I sold $6.00 worth to one family alone. I wish you would give me the address of the lady having the Auto Knitter for sale. Maybe I could buy the medium or fine cylinders for making medium and fine socks. Also her bobbins and hose boards. The Auto hitter instruction book is just full of various things one can make. The directions are plain yet some I can’t pick out. I know its my own fault, not the little machines fault. I tried to make mittens ‘and all at once it seamed clear to me. I stick to one thing, making gentleman’s socks. I bought a 6 cylinder Saxon 1918 car ‘ and have a bank account. My car, thHe not now, runs splendidly and we surely enjoy it. That and little expenses incurred with-a car, I have kept up with my knitter. Also num- : erous other things around the house - and daintles for the table. I sell at home, 73¢ per pair and I, take care of a large home, besides cooking for four. I can give you neighbor's m m nanms measure . FUND m ’0 Moon-“.0. .................. m 'e ooooooooo a... Implem- et Bum Farmer ..... .. 18.00 Georgi N. 81Mum.............................. 10.00 lira. Grut Blocum.-........................... 10.00 I. ’8. M end daughter. Morn... 10.00 III. a. I; Wilcox. ................... 10.00 .V um I. 10.00 Sydney nerd BiggerWMa..m.. 4.00 ., , Ad!" 1am _ 3.00 ‘ if 2an I. I‘ll-- 2.00 ‘. 7341‘ ’e w. Theborbth..wm 2200 ‘I- We Wuemtw 1.00 ' I. I r 1.00 . A «emu-WW. . ~ 1. V 0 0189.00 I chigan see and ‘flndéfoitfm,ex:perienoe.” of mine, who are ‘ delighted with my socks. Yet I sold ‘ aiiother lady a machine who sits down with her hands folded and says , she simply cannot learnto knit with it. I tell her she don’t apply herself. You, who. read this, could ' not have the responsible position with the magazine if you had sat back and said I simply can’t. Now that’s the trouble with these unsuc- cessful Auto Knitters. I quit playing at our little country dances, because I made more and shorter hours, and _ not out in all kinds of weather. One can average from $2.00 to $3.00 a day. I sold $6.00 worth one day. So you see I madeand, sold 10 dozen pairs. Paid off our potato diggers, part money; $50200, sold 3‘ pair socks to them besides all that the people had me make for their sons living in the cities, for Christmas. Also there was my own dad and brother, one a railroad engineer in Chicago. All say nothing could have been niéer than my socks,‘even jel- lies or chickens sent them for Christmas. - . From now on I think I shall charge 85¢ per pair. Even then, at the stores' they are $1 per pair. I was so angry at all the slams directed at this concern. I just had to tell you a few facts in their favor. Respectfully, Mrs. Chas. Cudway, Benzie County, Mich. P. S. My folks take your paper and I live with them, as they are getting old and need me, so you see usually half days is all the time I have to devote to my machine, and as we all read your paper I feel I am one of the Michigan Business Farmer family, too. " AM printing the above letter be- cause it seems to prove that the successful ope ations of these hand knitting ma ines is largely a. matter of the severance and dex- terity of the operator. ' Here is a woman who writes us in apparent good faith that she has a. machine and would like to buy an- other, because she finds that she can make a comfortable living knitting socks at home, a large market for which she finds among her friends and relatives. Within the past two week I have had an inquiry from a woman with two children and an invalid hus- band, who would have to borrow part of the $60 or $75 necessary to purchase a knitting machine. She wanted to know if I would advise the purchase, and of course I had to tell her that it would be too great a risk until she had tried the work and that my advice was that she should put her situation up to a knitting machine manufacturer and ask him if he would not ship her a machine on trial, with the under- standing that she would purchase it if she found she could operate it satisfactorily, and make a living by so—doing. There is such a demand in the farm homes for work for the women to do in spare time that it is indeed too bad that there is not some kind of home employment which we can recommend, and it has been our de- sire to find such employment for our readers which has prompted us to make a state-wide investigation of the knitting machine proposition. We are glad to publish any infom- ation on either side of the case which ~ may be of benefit to our readers. OO-OPERTIVE LAND COMPANY Do you know anything of the, standing of the “Co-operative Land Company, 1328 Chemical Bldg., St. Louis. No.1” We received a circular wismng us to list our farm with them and requested a deposit of one- half of the usual fee of $35.00, ($17.50), and they guarantee a sale, or rather guarantee to furnish names and addresses until we make our own sale—W. V. ill have had some . correspond- ence regarding the Land Com- pany at St. Louis, you mention. Our advice is to send them no money, as they work on the same scheme that we have written up many times in our columns. Ask them to give you a name and address of any farm— 'ownefr tor .whom‘ they have sold a. farm, in Mi then .write or“ These Federal first mort- gage bonds do offer measurable and practi- cal superiorities that are proving more and more convincing to farmers as time goes on. Write for Booklet AG1088 Tax Free in Michigan ' n Free from Federal Income Tax of 4% 6V2% Federal Bond 82’ Mortgage Company (1177) FEDERAL BOND «E? MORTGAGE BUILDING, DETROIT Fence THE longer a fence lasts, the less it costs per year. On this basis, Anthony Fence is the most economical fence. At the same time, it affords utmost protection to stock and crops and renders a never-failing, every-day, depend- able service—st little or no up- keep outlay. Hang your fence on Arrow T-Stccl Fence Posts and secure stronger, staightcr,bcttcrfcnccs. Larger an- chor plates lock the post firmly into the ground. Frequent notches per- imtcvcry line wire to be attached. At denim everywhcm. Am 422.: RRRAIL ' SECTION 'I'- STEEL PO.S FF agents. Write mulmmnnnmmmnummmnnumnmmmmmmmmmmmunmlImmmmmmumlmunnnummmlmu can use a few earnest men and women part or full time in solicit- subecnptions and acting as our ’ Circulation Manager ms MlCHlGAl'l BUSINESS FARMER, Mt. Clemens, Michigan ' WinslumullluullmmmummmummummmuuiuulmmmuumulmmImmmuumuuu l I i i i l 'l l i I I i ‘l 7m Rove-tux: new .3": =~=‘ ‘4’". ~ . {.3 Why: ‘w- a i. fwwhgvsfiv u 5-..- SAV Tenn. Dept. 21 32 Gives you lowest prices ever quoted e : Send today for our new 104 page cata- -log showing amazing low prices. The matchlessPeerlessqualityremainsthe same. Nothing changed or cheapened but the prices. Peerless Fence. gal- vanized as heavily as ever—Peerless Carbon Steel Farm Gates—Peerless non-rusting Steel Posts —- Peerless Wondercote and Covermore Paints— Peerless Asphalt Roofing—all of these products now sold at prices much loam- than dealers quote. ' Steel Pests. each. Ill/2e. Isrt Wire. fl reds. 8:)" Lawn Fence, per II. 1 e on FENCE, PAINTS we... "run... :13- . and ROOFING The entire output of the three mam- moth Peerless factories-is now sold direct to farmcrs— all ‘ In between” profits have been cut out. This new selling plan has made our astonishing low prices possible. Look over the few sample figures at the right, and send immediately for the big bargain ‘ book. Mail a postcard for it today. We ship direct from Factories at Cleve- land, Ohio; Adrian. Mich; Memphis, PEERLESS WIRE a. FENCE GO. DIRECT TO YOU AT MAIL ORDER RATES For healthy orchards plant handsome. thrifty, Michigan- growu trees, no vines, berry bushes, roses and shrubs. Raise in Kalamazoo County-"lemons for hardy, well rooted stock. Guaranteed Buy In your on State and insure prompt arrival in vigor- ous condition. Special prices on orders sent new. Ask for our handsome catalog of dependable trees-"it’s free. Celer Nurseries, Box 2102KAIemazooMichigan Every page packed with b amazing bargains Steel Fem Bales. seal. 31.. mgr... m a. «L. 31.25 5 And so on. all through thisgreatmoney-saving book, our low prices will ' be a revelation of what our new selling plan can do! Cleveland, Ohio healthy and true to name. sws . . runners"... Bahia? duality. sesrified’h lled ovary. l crops hue. Much cheaper than Clover. Our rices wil save you big in ne£.We etpec lite on Clover, [I a, o , If Ih . W 10 $3 22 "a" alii‘§éi°"~§°rmr§£. ’ 833°- Ue pt. I Do .21 Chicago. Ill. ' ——CONOORD GRAPE VlNES—-——$‘ Stron Plants. Sent Postpaid. l Free Cats ogue of Fruit Trees. Plants, Etc. PEACH BELT NURSERIES, Bangor, Michigan. Are You Ruptured ? Learn How to Heal It FREE Ruptured people all over the country are amazed at the almost miraculous resultscf a. simple Home System for rupture that is being sent free to all who write for it. This remarkable invention is one of the greatest blessings ever of— fered to ruptured persons, and is being pronounced the most successful Method ever discovered. It brings instant and permanent relief and does away With the wearing of trusses forever. Thousands of persons who formerly suffered the tortures of old-fashioned steel and spring trusses are now reJOIC- ing in their freedom from the danger and discomfort of rupture after a brief use of this remarkable System. There is nothing like it anywhere and hosts of ruptured persons are astounded at the ease gvith which their ruptures are con— trol e . For a limited time . only, free trial treatments of this Muscle Strengthening oration are being mailed to all who a. py. It is an original painless Method. 0 Operation, no_da.nger, no risk. no ab— sence from daily duties or pleasures. Send no money; simply write our name and address plainly and the roe treat- ment with ful information will be mailed you in sealed package. Send now—today. It ma save the ' wearing of a torturing truss or life. crops of luscious berries. . . of sods. Many new varieties such as Ea Bun Special. Premier. Marvel and It pays to clip u dd e r , flanks and underline of stabled cows once a month. Clip them all over this spring. Keeps them.m better con ition. Clippedcows give more milk—more butter fat. Clip with Stewart No. l Clipping Machine Beet made. Ball bearing. Easy remiss. Clipsfset. hetelon . Slmple touee. Atd - ere 812.76: or send {guild psy balance on deliv- ery. Gusrsnteedss terror money . CHICAGO FLEXIBLE SHAFT COMPANY 5652Roosevelt Road. Chicago ' . - in hers fCI' ‘ Manor. Z‘i‘clc'zf' can; cm“; 3...... STRAWBERRY PLANTS ' $2 50 Per 1000..."! up. Our strong. healthy. [ tremendous bearing plants guarantee big ' Best varieties for all ' Cooper. Th world's eatest new Everbearing Strawberry CHAMPION. ulilineof Raspberries. B ackbemesand Asparami—ss. GLADIOLl-ROSES-ORNAMENTA Large Stock of good Reduced at $30.00 per thousand Grape .Plants Prices. Besutifulnewcolorcatelog free. Writ: Today. BRIDGMAN NURSERY CO.. Box 32 Bridgman.MicI|. Greatly CLOVER PER so. LOWER 100 Y THAI LATER Act quickly, crop short, market advanc- . Buy your grass seed now. Our 8 ces are sensationally low. Have won~ eri'ul values in Guaranteed High Grade tasted Iorwa Grown tiger. Ajlslfkoe 8‘3? 3 F ‘ ‘9 I ' ever methy a, hem-ed nun-n4 grille:- WWW“ figflgm. as. use LA. Berry seed co.. so} 921 clsrlnda, Iowa KNIGHT’S PLANTSI Strswherry—Rsspberry—BIsokberry Curl-ent—cooseberry—Grspe—Aspsrsgus 25% reduction in price on some varieties No reduction in uali . Our catalog deeerlbee Champion. The verbearer sud other best standard varieties. It tells you howto w berries successfully: contains information to had from no other source. Worth much to you. but is free. DAVID KNIGHT I SCI. 10121. Sawyer, list. FREE TREATMENT COUPON Capt. W. A. Ceilings, Inc. Box 226A Watertown, N. Y. Send Free Test 6: your System for Rupture. v \ Name Address ' z . " L: later. W I testedseed. We tesrlybigstockson N0. Iowermsrkeis. low. '1: bysan Allsl 8.- seed needed ’our big id's American Field Seed coupon. 121. Chicago. Ill. AIID ALI. OTHER FRUIT mg mfiég‘pfifinm9m " war: ‘33 a. xfigougrvfigzsomh. 2 gm M and» V *5" g. 1’. a , (lggprldm‘v; we. I HEALTH FACTS ON FRUIT RUIT is not concentrated nutri- ment. Most fruits’ contain from 75 to 95 per cent of water. The balance 'is largely woody fiber or cellulose, fruit sugar and minerals. The. cellulose supplies the waste which is so frequently lacking in modern diets. _ , Cellulose furnished no nutriment; it affords simply bulk and a me- chanical stimulation to the move- ments of the digestive organs. They are built to receive this bulk and their proper functioning requires it. Thus the free daily use of fresh fruit incidentally insures a. regular supply of water and a certain bulk to the food which prevents constipa- tion, allays thirst, and, according to some, diminishes the desire for stim- ulating drinks. Pure water should of course be taken in addition to that supplied by fruit in the diet. ' These‘reasons alone render fruit a valuable addition to the diet, :but there are other equally important reasons for using it. There are found in fruit, fresh vegetables, fresh milk, fresh meat and Whole cereals, certain chemical compounds termed “vitamins.” These protective food constituents are not organisms but chemical sub- stances present in minute quanti- ties, but extremely important ‘in maintaining the bodily health. Their absence has been held responsible for such diseases ‘as scurvy, beri, beri, possibly pellagra, as well as lesser degrees of ill health and faul- ty growth. Acid fruits, such as oranges, lem- ons, limes and probably most ber- ries, seem to contain these vitamins in a very stable form. Heating to the boiling point apparently does not destroy the vitamins of such fruits to the extent it does the vita‘ mines of most other foods. Vitamin deficiency arises from the use of pasteurized or sterilized milk, white flour, milled rice or cereals, sterilized or highly cooked non-acid foods, and cured meats. Fresh meat, even when roasted, appears not wholly to lose its vitamins. Vitamin deficiency in one of its most pronounced forms, scurvy, is often present in infancy, due to the use of pasteurized or sterilized milk or too little milk. The child at birth apparently has enough vita- mins stored in its body to keep it going, but after the first month or two it requires either fresh milk, orange juice, or tomato juice, or The Burden of Tax ANY inquiries received from various sources and some art- icles written for farm papers show that the effect of the proposed constitutional amendment restricting the issuance of tax exempt securities is often misunderstood and the evils of tax exempt securities is not ap- prehended. I also find that some inquire why it is necessary, and others as to what benefit will result. Some also do not understand what the term “tax exempt securities” covers. To make these matters clear to persons who do not have time or opportunity‘ for independ— ent investigation I have summarized the questions most commonly asked and will answer each separately. Question. What securities are ex— empt from taxation? ‘ Answer. The bonds of the Na- tional government are exempt both as to principal and income from tax- ation by the several states or any subdivision of them. Part of them are entirely exempt from any tax by the Federal law which created them, 'but most of the mare not entirely. Certain issues authorized.by the Fed- eral government, such as the farm loan bonds, are also entirely exempt. The bonds of the states or any divi- sions of them are exempt from Fed- eral taxes, and are generally made exempt from taxation by or within the state that issues them. Other states, however, may tax both prin- cipal and interest. Question. What is proposed by the amendment? Answer. To permit thevNational government to tax the income only of the state ‘mountieswand.,me items #5 4.1- ‘ ex ” w .1 “at”. ‘ 7?, we: 1 if. ‘ . ' F “ .‘ . \y‘ r‘ ‘4: Edited by, FRANK 'D'.‘ / we. ’ W'E L'L's' other anti—scorbutic fobd, to supply. the deficiency. Even though adults rarelysui'fer from scurvy except on Artie voy- ages or under conditions of priva- tion, when fresh vegetables, fruit and and fresh milk or meat are not. available, it is not impossible that a. partial lack of vitamins is respons- ible for much ill health in those who live largely on sterilized or cured foods, or on a restricted diet. The daily use of fruit is a safe-. guard against vitamin deficiency. , There are still other important reasons why fruit is a dietetic safe- guard. / It has been found that our foods may be classified into those that on burning or assimilation leave an acid ash, and those that produce bases, or alkalies. All foods are burned or oxidized in the body, and whether their ashes furnishes acid or base is an important matter to know. The foods most favorable for base-forming purposes are potatoes. apples, bananas, raisins, oranges, cantaloupes and tomatoes. The strongly acid-forming foods are meats, fish, eggs and cereals. It is easily possible unduly to de- crease the reserve alkalinity of blood by dietetic errors, but not pos- sible unduly to increase it. The general tendency is to over- acidity, and against this tendency fruit is a safeguard. Strained fruit juice is often ac- ceptable, both to bowels and stom— ach when the fruit itself is not. Fruit should be eaten fully ripe but decayed or moldy fruit should. of course, be avoided. Bananas are usually eaten underripe. They are not fit to eat until the skin is brown and the pulp is mellow like a ripe peach. Their starch is then chang- ed to sugar. . Bananas are more acceptable to delicate stomachs as a puree made by passing through a fine strainer, also when baked. Cooked fruits, especially peaches and pears, are often more acceptable than raw fruits, _and as the acid seem not to lose their vitamins in cooking, one of the most valuable properties is thus retained. The acid flavor of fruits is rend- ered much more pronounced by cooking, and thus sugar is required to make them palatable, and in- creases their fuel value. It is a good plan to cook with sour apples, sweet apples, raisins or other sweet fruits. Exempt Securities to tax the income from the National securities, in each case only to the same extent as the government or state taxes its own bonds. Question. Does the amendment apply to securities already issued? Answer. No, only to those issued after its adoption. Question. Why ought such an amendment be adopted? Answer. To equalize the burdens of taxation. As some escape tax- ation by investing in tax exempt securities this must be made up by increasing the taxes of others. The amount of state and municipal se- curities in existence is now over ten billion dollars, the income from which is entirely exempt from Fed— eral tax, and about twenty billions of government bonds partially ex- empt. The loss to the government thereby has been variously estimated at. from three hundred millions to four hundred millions a year. The eflect is to nullify the provisions of the graduated tax and increase the taxation of the ordinary individual. Question. Who are most favored by the present system? Answer. The extreme wealthy who have invested in tax exempt securities. Under our graduated in- come tax a. person having a not in- come of one million from property like .‘ railroads bonds, corporation stocks, farms,” or business of any kind, is required to pay a Federal income tax of $550,800 per year, while if he has'this amount of in— come from tax exempt bonds he does not pay a cent thereon. The gain, is not large to those having small lemmas. lame-i119? fielder ' bum»; , f5": -, :32 a, " w-4..’. w-4..’, ' .44?" a satiation. ' #401! in e failed becausethe farm-' , , .. . at to - . its , if: remer wealthy hold mu ‘ exempt, securities may be judged from the fact. that when William Rockefeller died, it was found that his estate included $43,000,000 in tax exempt securities. ‘ ' Question. It is sometimes‘claim- ed that those who buy tax exempt securities pay enough more for them to buy securities upon which the interest is so low that the govern- ment substantially makes up itsloss in taxes and the purchaser derives little gain therefrom. Is this true? Answer. Only to avery limited extent. There is always such a large amount of tax exempt securities be- ing oflered that there is little com- petition for those having heavy in- comes. For those having an income of a million dollars the purchase of a tax exempt bond paying 4.50 per' cent would net as much as a taxable bond paying 10.00 per cent, but the same bond could be sold at the same price by making the-rate of interest slightly higher. The government loses what the buyer of tax exempt securities makes according to his in- come. Tax experts and political economists all agree that under a graduated system of income taxes the exemption benefit to the wealthy in- vestor is not passed on to the bor- rowing municipality or state. . Question. Is it necessary to amend the Constitution when we al- ready have what is known as the Income Tax Amendment? Answer. Yes. Although it was generally believed when that amend— ment was passed that Congress would have the power to tax in- comes from any source, the Supreme Court has since held that it does not extend the objects of the tax, and only made it necessary to apportion the tax among the states. Question. Will conditions change so as to make such an amendment unnecessary? Answer. 0n the contrary, condi- tions are getting worse as the state and municipal indebtedness is in— creasing at the rate of about a bil- lion dollars a year. This enlarges the amount of property exempt from taxes and places a heavier burden on the salaried man and the man who has only a small income as well as on all incomes derived from in— dustry, agriculture and commerce. Question. Does the issuance of tax exempt securities make any dif- ference to the man whose income is not large enough to require him to pay an income tax, such as a small farmer or a laborer? Answer. Yes, because it increases the cost of living. . Question. How does the exemp- tion of bonds increase the cost of living? Answer. By withdrawing money from active business, thus decreasing competition, and by increasing the cost of capital to manufacturing corporations, railroads and mer- chants, thereby raising the cost of manufacturing goods, making freight rates higher, and generally increas- ing the cost of doing bpsiness. Capi- tal for building has been scarce and high, making rents higher, and caus- ing workmen to demand higher wages. When dead capital is tied / st~ pa for both: and all ..taxes on Question.‘ Does the amendment. permit the Federal government to tax the principal as well as the in- come of bonds now exempt? Answer. No. The amendment in express terms applies only to income, and provides that neither the govern- ment or the states- shall discriminate against the bonds of the other. Question. Would farmers have to pay a higher rate for land loans if tax exempt securities were not per— mitted to be issued? Answer. . No.~ Investments in tax exempt securities have withdrawn immense sums which would have been‘ used for farm loans, and there- by reduced the rates of interest. Many farmers were required to pay their loans when money was hard to get because the holders of the loans wanted to put their money into tax exempt securities. Farm loans were formerly a favorite investment for large estates. These estates are now getting rid of‘ them as fast as possible. If no more tax exempt se- curities were issued the rate on farm loans would fall for there would be more competition for them. So, also, if no more tax free issues were pre- mitted the Federal farm loan bonds would sell at substantially the same rate. They would enjoy a prefer- ence on account of the security, and security has more to do with the market price of bonds than the tax free provision. There are now great amounts of tax free bonds in exist- ence that can not be sold on as fav— orable terms as some of those which are taxable. Moreover, as before stated, the quantity of tax exempt bonds is so immense that there is more than there is demand for a among the large income tax payers. A considerable portion must be taken by those whose income tax is assessed at only a small percent. The price these parties will pay fixes the pi‘ice of the whole issue an they will pay only a very little more than for a taxable security of the same grade. Question. Is this a political or local question? Answer. It is not. Neither is it a question of occupation. Members of both political parties voted for the amendment when the resolution passed the House of Representatives in January, 1923. Two democratic Secretaries of the Treasury and one republican Secretary have recom— mended the adoption of the amend— ment. It was approved by President Harding, who earnestly urged its passage, and passed the House in the last session of Congress. So many organizations have approved it that there is no space to mention them all, but among the more prominent are: the National Grange, Ameri- can Farm Bureau Federation, the American Bankers Association, Na— tional Association of Real Estate Boards, the United States Chamber of Commerce, the American Econ— omic Association, and the National Tax Association. Economists and tax experts, with practically no ex— ceptions, favor it, and the legislature of several states have already en- dorsed it. ~/ How to Make Cooperation 3 Success T is always easy enough to tell the I other fellow how to do it, no mat- ter What it is, but the number of failures in co-operative effort would seem to justify the following advice. It is given by Lloyd S. Tenny, who has made a study of the farmer or- ganizations for the U. S.‘ Department of Agriculture. He outlines there seven factors of success: 1. The association must have a definite object in view. Interviews with farmers disclose that they fre- quently do not know the purpose for which the organization is being formed. 2. The organization must be formed on a commodity basis. Beth at home and abroad and the out- standing successes in co—operative marketing have almost invariably confirmed their operation to a single agricultural product or to a group of products very closely allied. 8. There must be a sufficient vol- ume of business to cover Operating costs and the business-should be con- v- trolled or under contract by thepas- Many efforts- in co-oper- ers were willing enough to promise to sell their products through the association but, when the time came to deliver these products, there ap- peared to be equally good reasons why the promises should not be ful- fllled. It is not good business for a commercial organization to attempt to proceed without contracts. 4. No business can succeed with- out good management. The man- agement is not only concerned with selling the products profitably, but must also recognize the individual member in the association and must function in such a manner as to satisfy this human element. 5. Proper accounting. 6. Educated membership. The .members must have complete knowl- ' edge of the aims and conduct of the organization. - ~ 7. Self-perpetuation. The organ- ization must be established and oper- ated on lines that include and make use of the best thought and exper- ience available; once organized it should be unnecessary to call on out- side aid to re-establish policies, to provide a board of directors or man- ,ggemeggfioigconddct affairs: 2 we: 71-5 asst-v a. " 1 “exemptibpims live “:capita1:..- ' property have enormously increased._ V . Skidding—terrible feeling, isn’t it? You don’t get that feeling when you ride on Goodyear Tires. That All—Weather Tread grips tight. It hangs on. It holds fast. You get added safety, and no added cost. Made in all sizes for Pasa senger Cars and Trucks asses gag Copyright 1924. by The Goodyear Tire & RubberCo., Inc. ‘— m‘.‘ , WE TAN and make to your order from our Cattle, Horse and all kinds of ’ u and Furs, Men’s oats Robes. a, Caps, Gloves and Mittens. Ladies‘ Fur ' Coats and Fur Sets. Remodeling and . ’ ' Repairing latest styles. Shi us your . work and save one—half. ew Gallo- - _ way Coats. Robes, Gloves and Mittens ’flsyr sale. lg"? are the 01%;? Galloway antlers: years can ‘ uo - And manufactured into maize or ltyle of cont, neclt ness. Free style Catalogue. 3351,2551 plume: ,lnittena, robe. Heads mounted. We mall: samples. Don't ship your idea and up you;e grin yloublwahnt them.it£‘meetworkm. ADIhll: my. elsewhere until you get our proposition. “a”!!! e yre in O euro—w an experience Ind . reputationofflyearl. Writeer illustratedpricollst. HILLSDALE. ROBE & TANNlue 00' Hlllsdale, Mlchlgan. Reading Robe a Tanning Co. 216 East Street Reading, Michigan WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS, PLEASE MENTION THE BUSINESS FARMER . Pa: kefs * lssnl’s SEEDS Five 45 years of experimenting, of scientific culture, of “ ' careful selection, have made Isbell’s Seeds hard- Favor'tes ier, certain and heavier yieldere. 200.000 farmers have Radish proved them test by test and plant them year after year! “a? We want you to know that no other seeds are , -‘ Turnip so adapted to soil and climate—so certain of a \i'vl-s" ‘ Carrot profit-making. bumper crop—ea Isbell's; so we’ll \ ' » , M. g... goc send you. full-sized packet. of five of Isboil'e most no u or vari- eties (regular pricess cents) for the cost of handling a posh... F arty-Five Years of Breeding Quality i ' For nearly a half century Ishell’s have been roducing better strains} gave brad only the best mafia! helluva «verified greater resistance an I: ' ' perfected eamng’ rtmg’ seed. - " fivecgears of work to mtin‘l:m yield biggetrnand marl:me so Fem , Send Toda for This Valuable Book—FREE Isbell’s 19.24' Seed Annua tells of all varieties of field and garden seeds— no cultural directions—tells how to prepare soil and care for crops—how pure seeds are grown and (grepared for your use. it quotes direct-from-m. money-saving prices. t your copytoday . whether you order the five packetlor not. [,5 ‘. '_ a.“ ‘ calm _ . w a. m w Send the Coupon Sendai, "a,di ,1!an ,. S. -M. ISBELL 8: CO. dum'm'“dm-di""" “5 Mechanic Street v ~MIICHIG’AN JACKSO!‘ MULE'HIDE "Nor A KICK ,, fNAMIuIaNm’r MUL HIDE Roll Ro fing -_ and Shingles When you roof with Mule- Hide you roof with assur- ance. Its built-in quality is your protection for years of service—and the origi- nal cost is very little more than that of average roofing- .'|'HE LEHON COMPANY Chicago ‘ ’ Io Loss From Disabled Horses s... The .|-fonc- 53%mifi: . - cine- Knee. Ankle. .1 s’ 1...... .. _ , lnchlggogrbismeofmnaime. FREE 96-Page BOOK . E 9 molocatamdersnndmdlgest over l mu of our ' money-BM; i ARANTEE statesman-ya expat ‘ _ .wnnmEEto homomobhznhon. V‘ i SM'EQHORSE‘ mwhilehoueworh. h ionoftimo dud. 30 d . $3.... Dmihfifflm'” 1"" TROY CHEMICAL CO. 3" Su- Street magi-sum. KY. At Drought- and Desk:- with Signed Contract orient prepaid. 1__.____-.n... _ _.~ _. s Monogrammed Stationery $1.00 ! 200 sheets, good white bond pa r, note size, with 100 en» v pee, both printed with‘any three letter monogram. like one shown, in rich dark blue. Sent to any address upon receipt of 1.00. Write plainly monogram esired and name and address. ALLEGAN STATIONERY COMPANY “Department M Allegan. Michigan. sparsnteed tilts; em or selling 0 kn of vegetable or flower nation ) at 100 ( w '. . hr ck. sold - " “mus... u- . Ills _ ads. in? a sea ii: *. A BABY IN A POCKET HE kangaroo baby is a very tiny creature when he is” born. In- deed he is Only as big as your thumb, and would get lost if his mother didn’t keep him in her pock-p at until he grew larger. He is born blind, naked, and so helpless that his mother holds him betWeen her lips while she uses her paws to open the pouch so that she can put him inside. She then sticks her mouth into the pocket, being very careful not to let the baby slip, and places his mouth against a nipple. The queer baby clings to it tightly and does not let go for several weeks. Even then he would die of hunger if Mother Kangaroo did not force the milk down his throat. By working certain muscles in her body, the mother pumps the milk into her baby. Then she closes up the pocket and the queer little mite takes care of himself by clinging to the nipple, his mother pumping milk into him as he needs it. This is all the care he gets for several weeks. The tiny baby inside the nice fur- llned cradle is slowly growing to look like his father and mother. He can see, hear, and move. He has a soft fur coat on his body. Mother Kangaroo now opens her pocket and finds that the ugly mite has grown to be a very nice baby. He is, per- haps, the size of a big kitten. He looks at her with his beautiful soft eyes full of wonder. It is the first time he has seen his mother, but he isn’t afraid of her. She is very proud of her baby and coaxes him to put his head outside the cradle. The little fellow is too shy at first, but at last he grows bolder and peeps at the queer world where his mother lives. He looks very funny with his small head and big ears poked through the pocket. For weeks he is content to remain in the cradle, poking his head out from time to time. If he attempt to push his way out, however, his mother’s paw quickly pushes him back again. He is too small to be allowed outside. Mother Kangaroo, leaping and hopping from place to place, carries him with her, his little head sticking out of her big pocket. Thus he lives and sees life from his cradle until he is the size of a big hare. Then he is allowed to come out, but if there is the slightest danger, he climbs into the pocket and hides himself. When Little Kangaroo is seven or eight months old, he is too large to get in his old cradle, but he sticks his head inside to get his milk. He is now. learning to care for himself. He hops and leaps and kicks his feet, which are growing big and strong. He uses his claws, and feeds with his mother and others on grass, leaves and herbs. He is no longer a baby. HUNTING DOG AND SHEPHERD DOG SHEPHERD’S dog, one day, at the corner of a. wood, met a Hunting Dog. “Come, Cousin," said the Hunting Dog, "and I will show you some sport. Not far from here, a Wolf has his lair. We will hunt him out. you and I, and chase him over the mountains. Maybe he will show battle. That will be fun, because 3 Wolf can put up a good light, even against two Dogs. What! You hang back? You are not afraid, surely?” “My post is with the flock,” an- swered the Shepherd’s dog. “As for being afraid, I have killed several wolves when they came to attack my sheep, and I killed them alone, my Hunting Cousin. Go, hunt for a fight if you wish, I will wait until the light comes to me.” It is no sign of cowardice to de- fend instead. of attacking con BOYS AND Gm Dear Uncle Ned:—-—My father takes m. ILB.F.sndWea.lllikeitvex-ymnch. Imagirloftwelveyearsofage.and. am in the seventh grade at school. I like my studies real Well this 1ea.r. I will deseribe myself. I are four feet ten inches 1811 about seventy Pounds. I Eye on a. Ito-acre fax-m. We have Childrenfs, mmmmwmnm " . “Rig” _ 4 ‘ " l '“L?’”‘5 ml“? »'~ -" “ six horses. 618M! thchess, Jud two ducks. For pets I have a'ddg mid a cat. The dog's name is Ted and the cat’s name is Tony. My, sister went hunting with Ted the other day and he chase-1 a rabbit. The rabbit went into a hole and be dug right in after it, and she had to wait about a. half an hour before they could get him out. I have two sisters and one brother. My oldest mm win:- ' teen, and I have a little sister, nine years old. My brother is only two years old. I hope my letter isn’t too long to be pub- lished. Bye-bye, your niece—Miss \Eva Calhoun, R. 4, fiakeview, Michigan. Dear Uncle Ned :-—-I haven’t noticed any letters from Harbor Springs, which is my town. I am about four feet, five inches tall. I have medium brown hair and blue eyes. I am rather fat. I am between ten and fifteen years of age, and the one who guesses my correct age will receive a letter. I am, in the seventh grade. It is stormlrfg here today. I like to slide down hill. Well goodbyes-Veda Wheaten, R. 1, Harbor Springs, Mich. Dear Uncle Ned:-—-I have writtenjou before and saw my letter in print and I thought I would write again. I thought Christmas day would be without any snow, but I was very much ' , wasn’t I? Did you have a lot of fun on ' Christmas? I did and hope you and all the cousins had a lot of fun. There was a program at the school I go to. on Fri- day night the let. I was in a few songs and a dialogue, and had a fine time. Well, Uncle Ned, do you like. to so to parties? I do, and go to quite a few of them. I am in the seventh grade at school and was twelve years old the 18th day of December. I was born in the cold and stormy month of December. Well I guess I will close for now. I hope “Old Mr. Wastebasket" does not get this letter. Your nephewr—L. D. Biddle, R. 2, Lake View, Michigan. 4 Dear Uncle Nod:—I am going to write a letter again. I haven’t written a letter to the children’s Hour page slnce..last spring. ,Well, did you have a good time Christmas? I did. We had a tree at home and a tree and program at the church. My little sister Ethel spoke for the first time and she did fine. She is five years old. We all got a bag of candy and nuts at church. My sister, brother and cousin, went to Traverse City today for a couple of days visit, with my aunt and uncle. I guess they will have a good time. I wish I could have gone with them, but I have Just been up there recently, so I could not go this time. I will send in a. few riddles. Who guesses them will receive a letter from me. If I place a dime on the table in a room full of people, what is the first thing it does? How many peas in a pint? What grows in winter, dies in summer, and grows with its roots upward? I think the answer to Faybella Robinson’s riddle is, when you put it in your pocket you double it, and when you take it out, you find it increases. Am I right, Faybella? I will close for this time, wishing Uncle Ned and all the cousins a happy New Year—Gladys Carlson, Box 49, Omena. Michigan. -—————-——-— Dear Uncle Ned :———I have been a silent reader of the M. B. F. and find the Chil- dren’s Hour very interesting myself. I have light eyes, black hair (which is bobbed) and weigh 148 pounds. Can anyone guess my age? Try it. There is hardly any snow on the ground in Glad- winoounty.butwecansaywehada white Christmas. I love snow and I think perhaps every boy and girl should. I am very sorry we have no snow and ice for I remember last December we had many skating and coasting parties. We sure enjoyed them. They made our cheeks may and our lips red. I noticed my letter is getting somewhat long and the waste basket is wondering, but never- theless I am thankful and appreciate the privilegeofwritins. Iwifldmwishinz some of the nieces and nephews would write to ma. From your want—to—be niece—Miss Dorothy Foote, Star Route. Gladwin, Michigan. Dear Uncle Noah—4 thought I would wntealettertothoChildren'sHom-but Idon’twnnthi‘azwmbaokottngetmy lotterw‘hinhlthinkhowill. Innistde- scribe myself. My use is twelve years. My birthday is February eighteenth. I have bobbed hair and my height is four feet ten and one-half inches. I have six Mothers and two sisters. M of my brothers are married. I am in the seventhgndoatschooi. Igotomy brother’s school. Both of my sisters teach and two of my brothers. One isn't teaching this year. Did you have a, Merry Christiana? I did; I play the piano although I haven‘t taken my les- sons. My sister plays the piano also. Well, I guns I will say goodbye for this time—Ursula Byrne. 3- 5. Lowell. Mich. Dear Ebola Hedi—I have been a silent reader of the Children's Hour for some tuna—Wen, I autos-cribs myself. Ij have ligh‘tbrown bobbed‘haindark brown eytséhflamfloufootandei’ghtinciuo tall. Imolmyearsofmand‘in the seventhsrsds at’selmol. I have three sisters and one brother. I will close with a few riddles. The person that guesses these riddles right will receive a letter from me. Black upon black and black upon brown, three legs up and six legs down. Upon the hill there is a green house, in front of the green house there is a white house, in that white house there is a red house, in that red house there is a lot of little names. Well I must close and leave room for someone ' else. With love to Uncle Ned and con-his. your want—to-be niece,-——I.mogene Hibberd. ' R. 2, Box 22, Remus. Michigan. A Dear Uncle Near—I I wound join your merry circle. Hy father takes thou. Enandweenjoyitverymaeh. IamagirlandunlOyou-sold...“ am in the fourth grade. I live in the country. I go to the country school. Now I will describe myself. I an t feet ,3 inches tall and weigh 63 pounds. I‘ have black eyes, and brown curly hair. I wish some girls and boys would write to me. I like to get letters—Miss Jedo Mity, Mlllsrsburg, Michigan. Dear Uncle Nedz—May I join your merry circle? I have never written to you before. I will try to describe my- self and our home. I have brown eyes and light brown bobbed hair. I on: four feet six inches tall. Our home is one and three fourths miles east of the vil- , lags of Westphalia. Our form contains about one hundred and twenty acres. We have a number of cattle. As a pet I have two cats and one dog. My father takes the M. B. F. and likes it very much. I like to read the Children’s Hour. As my letter is getting long I will stop and let the boys and girls guess my age. Good—bye to all.—Marga.ret Bingel, West- phalia, Michigan. Dear Uncle Ned :—-I have read the page of the Children's Hour many times and was greatly interested in the letters. I guess I will describe myself before I write any more. I am 4 feet 6 inches in height. and weigh 116 pounds. I am 13 years old. I have brown eyes, light hair and I am light complexioned. I am in the 7th grade at school. I greatly love music and I play the piano lots, but only by ear. I have three sisters and they are all married. I am the only one left now. I live on a 120 acre farm and ‘we have 2 horses, 1 cow, 90 chickens, and 4 cats. I was in Muske- gan this summer. I have two sisters that live there. I certainly had a. glori- ous time. Well, Uncle Ned, I hope to see my letter in print and would very much like to have some of the cousins write me. I had better leave space for some of the cousins to write, so will close—Helen Carey, R. 4, Box 149, Tra- verse City, Michigan. Dear Uncle Nedz—I have light brown bobbed hair. my eyes are light brown. I weigh 50 pounds, and am in the fifth grade at school, and I am ten years old. I have no sisters orr brothers. I live, on a25acrefa.rm,a.nd1havelotsoff1min the summer. Will some of the girls and boys write to me? Write to—Doris Bush. Silverwood, Michigan. snags ALL our Up V NALTE‘K WE’LL" ...—--‘\.-~. _. r, »* . . A *«W‘Mwu‘ W‘ “n. -.,~v»— Je— . ... ‘\ ,mas . h, m.“ w-.- ‘f, a: «seams of" f mom. given sufficient attention to the rap— idly ‘ changing conditions I in * the counties with the result that the tax ban-den was not equitably distribut- e . . ’ ,~ - “For several yearsthe board, co- ‘operating with the state geologist. has made an appraisal of \the iron mines of the state and has commun- icated the result of such appraisal to the assessing officers ot—the town-t ships and cities "in which such prop- erty is located, with the reSult that no Class of property in the state is more equitably or evenly assessed -than are the iron mines. A similar appraisal is now being made of the copper mines and it is expected that '.the result of the appraisal will be reflected in the assessment of this ‘ class of property. Survey Exemptions “Believing that it will be of great interest to the people of the state the board is now securing informa- tion as to the value of all property in the state which is exempt by law from taxation. This information will be made public and it” is be- lieved will those interested in the subject of taxation. “To the end that the state tax may be distributed to the several counties in proportion to their tax- able value, the board is required by law to prepare for each meeting of the state board of equalization an estimate of the true cash value of all taxable property in each country in the state. The preparation of this report demands the utmost care and consumes as much time as any other activity in which the board is en- gaged. In order to prepare an esti- mate of the value of taxable proper- ty, it is necessary that examinations be made in each county to ascertain whether or not assessments are made in compliance with law, and whether or not all property Subject to assessment is actually, upon the assessment rolls. In the earlier history of the tax commission the members were not represented on the state board of equalization and its recommendations did not always receive the attention to which they were entitled. Un r the present law, however, all embers of the commission are members of that board and the result is that the rec— ommendations made are given most careful consideration,,and it is con— fidently belieVed that the tax burden is now distributed to the several counties of the state more equitably than ever before. / “To insure further the proper dis- tribution of the burden of state tax- ation, the board was given power in 1913 to review ,,the equalization made by a board of supervisors. When any supervisor believes that his assessing district has been dis- criminated against by the board of supervisors in equalizing the assess- ment rolls of the county, he is priv- ileged to appeal to the board of state tax commissioners to review the equalization. In such cases careful investigations are made in every assessing district in the coun- ty; and after holding a hearing, at which every supervisor is permitted to give information relative to the assessment of property in his-dis— trict, a new equalization is made by the board and state and country taxes must be apportioned upon the eoualization so made. In this man— ner, each assessing district in the state is insured against being called -upon to pay more than its proper proportion of the burden“ of state and county taxation. Such reviews of equalization were held during the past year in the counties of Gen- esee, Lake, Macomb, Oakland, Os- coda, St. Clair and Shiawassee. “The members of the/board of a state tax commissioners, together i, with the governor of the state, con- . stitute the state board of assessors. It is the duty of this board to assess for purposes of taxation the proper- ty of railroad, express, sleeping car, private our line, telephone and tele- v graph companies operating within the state. i To make this assessment .sdetafled‘ reports from approximateiy fantasies must be compiled A and carefully studied. Assessments " modem]! 87 railroads, one ex- ear _ _ work'vwas made necessary-thee the. local assessors had not . .less than $500 per annum are not prove enlightening t0' -ers of large families, none rich, all in: Mt]: theduk, and Pa _ 'j'e'y' , "/4 ' ' o __ _ “530 car companies as 300 telephone companies. Telephone campani‘es Whose gross receipts are subject .to assessment. There are 741 companies whose receipts are too small to warrant an assessment. The aggregate value‘of this prop— erty assessed for the year 1922, taxes upon which were payable in 1 9 2 3,, was $213,097,750. ‘ The amount of taxes assessed against this property was $8,921,604.02. Tax Mortgages “Under the provisions of the mortgage tax law, the board of state tax commissioners is required to de- termine the amount of tax to be paid in the state of Michigan upon all mortgages covering property in Michigan and other states. Ten such mortgages were submitted to the board during the year and taxes amounting to $47,948.50 were col- lected thereon. - "In investigating the operation of the mortgage tax law, it was discov— ered that owners of land contracts, by their failure to place such con— tracts upon. record, were evading the taxes thereon. Inasmuch as all mortgages and land contracts upon which the specific tax is not paid are subject to assessment under the gen- eral tax law, the board was obliged to take steps toward forcing the pay- ment of either the specific tax or the general property tax upon this class of property. Owners of mort— gages, because oi' the fact that it is important to record the mortgage to protect the mortgage interest, have almost universally complied with the law and have paid the specific tax; the owner of a land contract, however, still retains title to the property until the payments on the contract have been completed and has therefore, not been interested in placing the contract upon record. thus evading the tax. “Through activities of the board, thousands of land contracts upon which no tax has been paid have been uncovered and during each of the past two years it is conservative- ly estimated ’that $1,000,000 has been paid on these securities which would not otherwise have been paid. One-half of the amount so paid goes to the general fund of the state, and the other half goes to the general funds of the counties in which the taxes are paid, thus relieving the owners of general property from taxation to that extent. “The members of the board of state tax commissioners are William S. Linton, of Saginaw; Nathan F. Simpson, of Hartford; and George g Lord of Detroit. Mr. Linton, being the senior member of the board, is I the chairman. The secretary is B. F. Burtless, of Lansing.” HOLDING A COMDIUNITYlFAIB IN ' SMALL TO‘VN (Continued from Page 6) venture is due to the women of the Aid. All busy women, several moth— Workers, not one caring a whit for criticism or knocks, or p ty jeal— ousies. Everyone with a layer in her heart and determination on in her mind. ' They see already their aim mater- ializing in a large hole on a lot on Main Street. The excavation for the basement of the new Church, the Ladies’ Aid kitchen of the new Church if you please. Can it be done? Certainly. est thing you know. Given a Ladies Aid Society, or a Committee or anything you want to call it, like ours, and any Commun- ity can have a Fair, or a new Church or anything. Sur— Going Down ‘ “Oh, yes,” said Mrs. Gadgett, proudly, ‘we can trace our ancestors back to—to —--weli. I don’t know exactly who, but we've been descending for centuries. '— Boston Transcript Too Human Bobby (Christmas morning)——“Mummle, 3:? Clean» Isn’t a my good man, is mammary he 1 door! not»? .' ' my BohMeiL he came into. my room almost smell-with Jinan?” Q ' a \\ § x r l\\\\ \\\\\\W ///./l'l ’ -- -. ~ ~ ~ A. ‘ . v _...:‘3. 1‘. «,1 :1 For ‘5‘] {mi-g, up: n'tl‘Tfs“ 3 Sec him. »\¢, ’» p‘ Q Do 'A h 1%.. h‘ - ~ ‘.'4 a .u 11“; 'b C l r. '3 v...‘ C. Q: ~ .c' at ‘19 ‘ 0.2;- Battle Creek, Mich. St Louis Boston , «as.» ’---«---- '4 stair;- :1»! .7335. seen, :6; 14914“ improvements last allfctimc and longer. The local ALPHA dealer is a cement—service man. Alpha Portland Cement Co. CHICAGO, ILL. Pittsburgh Philadelphia that EASTON, PA. Ironton, ()hio New York Baltimore unless you see the “Bayer Cross” on the package or on tablets you are not getting the genuine Bayer As— pirin proved safe by millions and prescrlbed by physicians twenty—three years for Colds Headache Toothache Lumbago Neuritis Rheumatism Neuralgia Pain, Pain a Accept “Bayer Tablets of Aspirin” only. Each unbroken package con— tains proven directions. Handy boxes of twelve tablets cost few cents. Druggists also sell bottles of 24 and 100. Aspirin is the trade mark of Bayer Manufacture of Mon— oaceticacidester of Salicylicacid. (2 l Easiest-working pump ever loll; double-mtg; no crou My pump. A hig’aeller. Write reusing. Ml ’ W'Co-iflud’or nom- over worth of ordinary fuel will keep this Sunraylamp or lan- tern in operation for 30hours. Produces I 300 candle power " of the purest, whit- ~' r-” est and best light known'to science. Nothing to wear; snmple;safe; lOdnys’trinL ~—w:=.r»x« r. .— ="’ “ ‘5"‘-’~!"'er'= MW“ .. . F E" 93 B n G '1 B As a special introduc- tory offer, we will give you a 300 Candle Power S unray Lantern FREE With the first purchase I ‘ of a Sunray Lamp. Lights up the yard or barn like a search light. Wnte today for full information and agency proposmon. ‘, '« “(g-em," r. "mafiaan KNIGHT LIGHT 00.. Dept.33 0' Chlcago. I“. 00 *DOIIar: cash Prize: For the Largest Tomatoes You can share in this money—it is open to all our to(irt‘iastomers. The only condi- tion is that the toes be lab ll’ ‘ l - the finest quality and largest grower). 3 (Jo ow the 12 Cash Prizes ’Ll‘here are twelve prizes—all cash. Have a . ., crop of gins; guest variety—big yielding, defl- clous toms oes, a rm ' ' ' her: at county and state f 'tlhdogiemhnvriznrdl. Sleitalilsf En Free Catalog etai s o t ese Prize Aw ds in the big Isbell’s 1924 Seedalr’lnnfixael-Ei-Zfi: most complete and authoritative book of its kind. It te ls you how to c aegarden. field and flower seed gimmformation on soiland calm! directions for all crops and is ham 0! none ' , ~:,.w,«».-,~ n . - :-.., ,, . 111 MECHANIC 81'. Jackson (61) Michigan WHEN WRITING TO ADVERTISERS PLEASE. MENTION l .- v we BUSINESS FARMER . , " 4 '1“ church entertainments - ‘ ' I mean to be good. 1 I try to sit quiet _ As little boys should. ‘ I stay by my mother And try not to squirm, An’ wish 'I was baitin’ A hook with a worm! } I think while I’m sittin’ " Of all kinds 0‘ things. How funny a snake looks With butterfiy‘s wings! 0f shootin’ an' skatin’ An’ runnin’ all day! It’s awful hard keepin’ So quiet this way! I plan that I’ll holler When they’ve done their stunt. My ma wouldn’t like it, So mebbe I wunt! ' They'll put me to bed now, But I’ll never peep! That church entertainment Was lots worse than sleep! (Copyright, 1923.) HOME-MADE SOAPS OME time ago one of our readers asked for a good recipe for soap-making. I sent her a book with the information in it. In the meantime I wrote to Washington and they sent me these splendid di- rections and also a list of reference books that may be obtained at your local or some library near. When necessary, soaps can be made at home by treating melted animal fats or vegetable oils with a strong solution of caustic soda dye. Originally caustic lye with fresh slaked lime, allowing it to settle, pouring off the clean solution, and concentrating it by boiling. Com- mon lye, which can now be obtained from practically all drug stores, grocery stores, and dealers in house- hold goods, is caustic soda or soda lye and has chemical properties very similar to those of potash lye. Soaps made with potash lye are always soft, while those made with soda lye, under proper conditions and treatment, are hard. Directions for using soda lye in home-made soaps are usually given on the labels or wrappers of the cans in which the lye is sold. The home preparation of soap is rarely practicable except when in- edible, or an excess of edible, fat, grease, oil, or tallow is available and can be disposed of advantage- ously in no other way. It is largely a hit—or-miss business. As some free alkali or uncombined grease, or both, is usually present in home— made soaps, they are seldom suit- able for toilet use. Careful chemic- al control and special manufacturing equipment are necessary to make soaps having the desirable proper— ties commonly associated with a toi- let soap. Laundry Soaps A small quantity of laundry soap may be prepared by the so—called "cold process,” as follows: Empty the contents of a small can c o n t a i n i n g approximately 5 1/2 ounces of household lye (which should be at least 94 per cent caus— tic soda) into an iron kettle, add 1% pints of water, stir with an iron or wooden rod until all of it is disolv- ed, and allow the solution to cool. In another iron kettle melt 2% pounds of clear grease consisting largely of tallow. After this has cooled, pour the solution of lye slowly into the melted grease; stir for about 10 minutes to mix thor— oughly; and then pour into a black- iron pan. Cover and leave it in a warm place for a day or two, after which the soap can be cut into cakes. The grease used must be clean and free from salt. After being melted over the fire it must be allow- ed to cool until it is just warm to the hand. The solution of lye must also be just lukewarm. Care must be taken to stir the lye into the grease, not the grease into the lye. If the soap is streaky, with grease layers, showing that it is not thor- oughly combined with the lye, put it back into the kettle, with one pint of water, and heat until the soap is melted and clear. Pour, into a black- iron pan, cover, and set aside for two or three days. Because of the glycerine liberated ._, -from the‘grease and the large quan- tity of w’atenpreee‘nt, ‘thersoap made inthis way will not be. very hard. As ,«4 of cburs‘é‘,’ weatherman material. EAR FOLKS:——These coming us this spring if our winter community work to be done and your neighbor. knowledge. munity nurse. enjoy an afternoon spent in this are some new ideas for such a day. Let’s pass them on. For every letter published 1 will send $1 to you. Letters should be in not later than February Ist. Address letters: Edited by MRS. TAYLOR- ing your best to get the right start? of Michigan are. trying and are doing a great work. (Jo-operate with The sewing club should be formed right now. are so many ideas to be exchanged, in this department. How about having some lessons in. first-aid by the com- I feel sure that every mother would appreciate and shut-in days ahead. and you know how hard it is to plan such a day to make it a happy one for both you and the kiddies. m ,' Mrs. Annle Taylor, care The Business Farmer, Mt. Clemens, Mlohlgan. months are the ones that will tell has been well spent. Are you try- There is a, great deal of I know personally that the women There Share your manner. We have a great many I am sure there it dries out, however, \it will harden to some extent. List of Reference Books Soapmakers’ Handbook, by Wm. T. Brannt, published by H. C. Baird & Co., Philadelphia, Penna. Modern Soaps, Candles and Glycer- in, by L. L. Lamborn, pub. by D. Van Nostrand 00., N. Y. Textile Soaps and Oils, by C. H. Hurst and Wm. H. Simmons, 2nd Rev. Ed. Pub. by Scott, Greenwood & Son, London. Simmons and Appleton’s book of Soap Manufacture. I Deite’s Manual of Toilet Soap Making. . The last two books listed can be purchased from D. Van Nostrand 00., 25 Park Place, New York, N. Y. a Hand- GETTING THE B‘ABY TO SLEEP ROPER habits of sleep are al— most as essential to the 'good health of an infant as is the right diet or sufficient exercise in the open air. Unless a baby gets plenty of sleep, he is certain to be nervous, irritable, and to grow more or less debilitated. During the first year, as a general rule, the more babies sleep the better. During the second year fourteen hours is the ideal amount and, in order to get this in, a twelve-hour night must be“ supplemented by a nap of two hours during the daytime. To encourage Sleep the infant should be placed alone regularly at the same hour each afternoon and evening in a quiet, partially dark— vened room or in a protected situa- tion in the open air. Regularity is of the utmost importance. A baby put to bed late one evening cannot be expected to go to sleep promptly the next. Nor should a baby be rocked, fussed over, or otherwise pampered at his bedtime hour. Such a practice, if indulged in, is certain to become habitual and to react to the detriment of the infant. Not only is it important for a baby to sleep a sufficient number of hours out of the twenty—four, but he should sleep soundly while he is at it. To insure this he should be pro- tested, so far as possible, from loud sounds, strong light and tactile sen- sation of every sort. Young moth- ers are liable to make the mistake of disturbing their babies by unnec- essary attentions. The less done to a baby while he is asleep the better. Very often babies are kept awake by the mistaken ministrations of soli-, citious mothers, who fail-to appre— ciate the fact that their babies' whimpering is in reality an appeal. for sleep. A point, too, well worth, emphasizing in this respect is that water given just before bedtime re— sults in bed—wetting and consequent- ly an unnecessary disturbance. Altogether, a maxim well worth bearing in mind at bed’ time is: “Let well enough alone." EMBROIDERY MUCH USED ON HATS THIS SEASON MBROIDERY is used a great. deal‘ this season, on hats. The. hat may be made. of"embroider-. ed material or it maybe constructed first. of. plainmaterial and then liter-- ally embroidered - all over. ,zTheg-me- terial ~used .for :emhmi-dery dependsi-ue -ago,';-ril,zor’ the little town 0 ,, 5,, ,R. ancestries; »- Michigan. in other words, the goods of which the hat is made. Chenille is a very popular material for embroidery, al- though nearly everyone knows that chenille has to be couched on. Couching is a sort of occasional go— ing over and over stitch, usedto hold heavy braid or cord in position. Couching is employed when the thread cannot be sewed through or into the material. The chenille of the present season is a great im— provement over the crawly, perish- able material we have been acus- tomed to heretofore. Another material used in em- broidering hats is a narrow flat braid of artificial silk, which may be easily threaded into a longeyed needle. This is sold under a number of different names, the most com- mon of which are ribbizene, or filo braid. This material may be used in any number of simple decorative stitches in carrying out all-over de- signs. Narrow ribbon either plain or shaded in color is also used. The ribbon is first laid over the stamp- ed design and held in place by pins stuck straight in, folding the rib— bon neatly at corners, or gathering one edge of the ribbon and drawing up to fit around curves. In some of the narrow ribbons, it is possible to draw up the cord at the edge as in many of the lace edges. In sewing this ribbon onto the hat or onto the hat materials, take occasional tiny stitches over extreme edge of ribbon. The term “occasional stitches” 'in this case would mean stitches at in- tervale, near enough together to hold the ribbon to the line of the design, yet far enough apart so that the ribbon will not look as though it were glued to the hat, but instead will have the appearance of being' embroidered. Yarn or worsted, and fiber silk are also used for hat em- broidery. Personal Column Can Anyone Help by Sending In These Songs?—e51 am a poor girl. My mother died a year ago. My father is alive and I have two brothers and no sisters. I should like some songs that my father and mother used to sing. The songs are as follows: “There’ll Come a Time"; "After the Ball Was Over”; “The Little Girl that’ Played Upon My Knee”; “Break the News to Mother” and “When Maggie and I Were Young."—-—A subscribers daughter. Has Anyone this Information ?—Will you please publish the following request in your valuable paper? Would like to know where I can purchase the book entitled, “My Opion and Betsy Bobbits” by Josiah Allen’s wife or Marietta Holly. Thanking you. in advance—Mrs. Wm. Krause, Jr., R. 1, Box 53, Washington, Michigan. Home for the Right Boy—Will you please locate. for me through your paper some homeless unfortunate boy who wishes a home. Excellent schooling, op- portunity as we live in a district Sohool and also access to a. high school free of charger—A subscriber. \ Words Wanted—J wonder if some reader of the M. B. F. would please send me the words of- the song, "I Wantrto Go to Morrow." The first few lines of itiiaf “r mod on a journey just‘abou-t aw’eek Morrow, in Waterman; ' F thej's’t'nte.¢of .Qi-ht-Or—Miss' . . r. $519.4? A! av; [up - 7W - ' ‘ .3 " in "the reenter“ not give ' it the me the ' poem. Still sits the school-house by the road, A ragged beggar sunning; ' Around it still the sumachs grow, And blackberry-vines are running. Within, the master's desk is seen, Deep-scarred by raps official; The warping floor, the battered seats, The jackknife-carved initial; The charcoal frescos on its wall; ' Its door's worn sill, betraying The feet that, creeping slow to school, Went storming out to'playing. Long years ago a Winter sun Shone over it at setting, Lit up its western window-panes And low eave's icy fretting. It touched the tangled golden curls, And eyes with grief o’erflowing, Of one who in her steps delayed When all the school were going. For near her stood the little boy Her childish favor singled; His cap pulled low upon his face Where pride and shame were minlgled. Pushing with restless feet the snow To right and‘left, he lingered As restlessly her tiny hands The blue-checked apron fingered. He saw her lift her eyes; he felt The soft band's light caressing, . And heard the tremble of her voice, As if a fault confessing. “I’m sorry that I spelt the word; I hate to go above you, Because"—the brown eyes lower fell—— “Because, you see, I love you.” Still memory to a gray—haired man That sweet child—face is showing. Dear Girl; the grasses on her grave Have forty years been growing. He lives to learn in life’s hard school How few who pass above him Lament their trimph and his loss, Like her, because they love him. —if you are well bred! Personal Habits.-—The power of winning love and friends, which is such a precious possession to all young people, especially girls, will, in connection with good be- havior and good manners, depend very largely upon certain personal habits, chief among which are order, neatness prompt- ness, and cheerfulness. The girl or woman who is personally disorderly and untidy in her room and dress put a great strain upon the patience and affection of all those associated with her who are possessed of refined and cult- ivated tastes. In fact, I believe there is nothing so disenchanting, so contrary to ideal young womanhood, as a lack of neatness and tidiness in person and dress. Menu for January Tomato Bisque Pickled Peaches Celery Roast Rabbit Currant Jelly Sauce Hominy Squares Riced Potatoes Boiled Onions Cranberry Salad Apple Tapioca Coffee Roast Rabbit—6 tablespoons bread- crumbs, 3 tablespoons chopped cooked ham, 3 tablespoons lard, 1 tablespoon chopped parsley, 1 teaspoon grated lemon rind, $5 teaspoon powdered herbs, 3 chop- ped mushrooms, 3 beaten eggs, 1 rabbit, salt, pepper, and red pepper to taste. Beat up eggs, add mushrooms, lard, ham, breadcrumbs, parsley, and seasonings, and mix well. Wipe rabbit, and season inside with pepper, salt, and powdered cloves. Lay force-meat inside rabbit and sew top; skewer head back and legs on each side; roast 1 hour, basting well with melted lard. Serve hot with currant jelly sauce. I RECIPES Gingerbread—1 cup sour milk, 2% cups bread flour, 1/4, cup shortening, 1 egg, 1 teaspoon soda, ‘76 teaspoon salt, 1% tea— spoon baking powder, % cup sugar, 1 cup molasses, 1 teaspoon ginger, 56 teaspoon Cinnamon. Mix and sift the dry ingredients. Mix the molasses with the milk and slightly beaten egg. Add the liquid to the dry ingredients, then add the melted shorten- ing. Bake in a large shallow pan 35 to 40 minutes in a. moderate oven (375 deg). If sweet milk is used, leave out the-soda and use 5% teaspoons baking powder. Chocolate Fudge—Two cupfuls sugar, one cupful »--milk, two squares baking chocolate, one mblespoonfudo butter and one teaspoonful vanilla. Boil. the first three ingredients. together-mlle until a soft ball is» formed when tried,.in cool water. Do not the fudgeifift'ér, tak- ing it from the stove, but gadd ’the'bu‘fter, and let cool. Be'euro the fudgeis ed‘ol .. I 3”: ': a"; I of the cecal, f'add‘,.-:van_illa and I have tried to find the, Duh-I scriber and send the poem to her‘but my letter has been‘ returned; I will thank- two, of our readers, Mrs. Carl Moecke} and ’Mrs. Geo. F. Baggett for sending , We'll as: onttne- outside ' ' " and (mite isti beating, ‘ the fudge cky. add One ‘ of warm water, being careful not to add too much._ Good fudge requires a lot of beating.—-'-Margaret L. Millin, Lake Shore Road, Mt. Clemens. Meat Pie.——1 large bunch of celery, 1 large onion, 1 pint water or meat broth, %, pound cooked meat cut up, 1 cup strained «tomatoes, 1 teaspoon salt and pepper, 6 tablespoons flour mixed, with ’A cup water for thickening. Cook the celery and onion in the water or broth. add the meat, tomato juice, salt and pepper, than the thickening slowly and loll live minutes. l’our this mixture bot into a casseiolc C)\wr with a crust made from the following directions: =54, cup milk, 2%, cups bread. flour or 2 cups pastry flour, 6 tablespoons shorten- ing, 4% teaspoons baking powder, 17.; tea.- spoon salt. Mix and sift the dry ingredients, cut in the fat thoroughly with a biscuit cut- .ter, then add the milk slowly. Pat the dough out on a floured board. _Make the crust about one inch deep. Place this on top of the mixture in the baking dish. The dish should be deep enough so that the liquid will not boil over the sides. Bake in a hot oven 20 minutes. Cocoa Bread—1 cake compressed yeast, 2 cups milk, scalded and cooled, 1 table- spoon sugar, Elé cups sifted flour, it .cup sugar, lyé cup cocoa, 1/, cup butter, 1/2 tablespoon salt. . Dissolve yeast and one tablespoon sugar in lukewarm milk; add 3 cups of flour and beat until smooth. Cover and set aside to rise in a warm place until light ——ab0ut ‘24 hour. . Add sugar and butter creamed, eggs well ,beat'en, cocoa, re— lnainder of flour, or enough to make a soft dough, and salt. Knead lightly; place in a greased bowl. Cover and let rise in a. warm place until double in bulk—about two hours. Mould into loayos; place in well greased bread pans, filling them half -half -aspoon all, ll to , 41:3. in) first.“ 4' Honey Dew Cake—Four yolks of eggs. One‘ white'of an egg. Butter size of two eggs. One and one-half cups sugar. Three cups flour. Two, and one-fourth teaspoons baking powder. One-half tea- spoon salt. Milk. Five teaspoons of ex- tracted honey. Cream eggs, butter and sugar. Add flour, baking powder and salt, sifted together. Add enough milk to make soft batter. Beat in honey and flavor with vanilla, (one teaspoon). Bake in moderate oven. This will make loaf cake 12 1/5119 1/5 inches. Also six cup cakes. J. B. Pewamo, Michigan. The Runner’s Bible (Copyright by Houghton Miiflin Co.) Let each man prove his own work, Gal. 6:4. In our efforts to be kind we must be careful not to perform another’s duty for him, thereby to deprive him of needful experience. Neither must we allow our- selves to dictate by over-advice or undue influence. Lot none of you suffer " " * a. meddler in other men's matters, 1 Peters 4:15. Remember you can shine upon your brother, but not‘for him. WOMEN’S EXCHANGE F you have something to exchange, we will rim. it FREE under this heading providing: girst—lt appeals to women and is a bonlfide exchanges, no cash Involved. Second—It will go In three lines. Third-You are a paid-up subscriber to The Business Farmer and attach our address label from a recent issue to rave t. Exchan 0 offers will be numbered an in- —MRS. ANNIE TAYLOR. Editor. 110.——-Plush. Percale and gingham. Quilt icces, for anything useful. hrs. (ieo. Morgan, gt. N0. 3. Vicksburg, Mich. AIDS TO GOOD BE SURE AND SEND IN YOUR SIZE 4593. A Popular House Dress for Slender or Mature Figures. with white pique. and voile. 3.6. 38. 40 . size .w111 require 4 37.; yards of 36 inch material. require 1/2 yard. 4587. may be cifectell zit the side of the panel. 46-48 inchesbust measure. br0idei‘y reqmres 1/4 yard 9 inches wide. 4516. A Stylish Gown.—Figured silk was used for this model with crepe trimming. good style for moire or satin or broad clotii. . : . ediuin, 38—40 A Medium size requires 2% yards of 36 inch material. Panel of Em- Striped permile is here combined , T1118 15 it HOOd S_t.v1e for ratine, for wool rep. or serge, and also for linen, gingham I‘lge sleeve may be finished in wrist or elbow length. ' ' , 4.2. 44, 4G and 48 inches bust measure. Collar. vest and pocket flaps of contrasting material, ,- The I'iittci‘ii is cut in l Sizes: The width at the foot is 2 yards. A 38 iinch A ~Practical Un_dergarment.—-Tliis. pretty model com rises a vest and “step-in" drawers. The vest portion may be finished With “cainistge” top or with Siaped shoulders. re e, ' design. The Pattern is cut in 4 Sizes: Sinall, 341336 If desired a closing cre e de chine or nainsook is suitable for this ; Large, 42-44 and Extra Large This is ii The neck edge may be finished without the collar. eige and blue would be a good combination for this design. The ’uttern is cut in 6 Sizes: 34, 3o, 88, 40, 42 with plaits extended is 2% yards. . . , and 44 inches bust measure. A 38 inch size requires trim as illustrated requires (1 ‘76 yard of material 40 inches wide. 84, yards of 40 inch material. To The Width of the dress at the foot 4586. A Pretty Night Dres's.—-Nainsook, crepe or crepe do chine are attractive materials for this design. -bust measure. A Medium size requires 4% 38-40‘ Large, 42—44: rds of 36 inch mateiial. . ‘ce or insertion or, a Simple finish of hem-stitching will be suitable for trimminr. " Pattern is cut in 4 Sizes: Small, 34—36; Medium. 5 [he Extra linruc.‘ 4648 i'm-lws To trim “’ltll l‘lilitl‘lifillllg . a. material requires ‘3’; yard 36 inches wide or 2% yards of lace 3 inches wide if trimmed as illustrated. Pattern is rs An ation. The and yea yards of 36 trusting material quired, cut crosswise. 4534. this model. of 54 inch material. Wide. 4601. ated with very pleasing. e b‘ , 10 and 12 years. I.on the popular 6 Sizes: 34. 36, 4 0 inch material. .4803. A Dainty Frock for a Little Girl._—— Figured and plain silk are combined in this iii- stance. The model is also attractive for wool rep, or wool crepe, and for all wash materials. Voile and embroidery would be a good combin- cut in 4 Size32'4. 6. your size requires 2% rial. Eor godet of. con- yard 27 inches Wlde is re- i'ncli mate .A GoodStylo for A School Frock.— (‘lliecked ginghum‘in brown tones was used for is good for wool jersey, twill and serge also for taffeta and velveteen. The Pattern is cut in 4 Sizes: 6. 8. years. A 10 your size . Collar and cuffs *of con- trasting material W111 require $6 yard 36 inches A Simple Frock for the Growing Girl. -—~Wool crepe was selected for this model, decor- _ cross. stitching The lines are Sim lo; the sleeve and neck hue are Pattern is cut in 4 Sizes: , A l0 year size requires 2% yards of 32 inch material. 4582. A Smart New 5 lines and u. stylish_ collar make this blouse as eSimble and attractive, It is finished with bands, and is becoming to youth- ful and mature fl ures. The Pattern iis cut in 8 49, 42 and 44 inches bust measure. A 38 inch also requires 2% yards of ALL PATTERNS 12c EACH— 3 iron 30c POSTPAID- Order from this or former» Issues of The Business Farmer, giving number and sign your name and address plainly. ADD 100 FOR FALL AND WI FASHION BOOK "TER Address all order: for pattern: to Pattern Department '1'le BUSINESS FARDIEB Mt. Clemons, Mich. and 12 requires 2% yards in contrasting ' colors. "Separate" B louse:— ' «his undifiighe , e » ' ' . minutes, y. and then has produced Pure Foods- Better , Baking: for over one— third of a century Don’t try to save money on bake— day by buying a bakv jug powder that costs a few cents less than Calumet —- that’s the worst kind of false economy—you’ll throw out more in spoiled bakings than you save on the price of the powder. And that isn’t all—think of the time you lose ——the failures—- the disappoint- ments. The unfailing strength of Cal- ' umetguaranteesper— feet results, so join the millions who re- fuse to accept any- thing but the “best by test” leavener. opsyvmcr- BAKING F’OWD R ‘.- UT£L W“ “07 MADE BYA 7R0“ CALU CONTENTS ILB- Sales 2% times asmuch a? that 0 an y other brand 7 THE WORLD’S“ GREATEST BAKiG POWDER EVERY INGREDIENT USED OFFICIALLY APPROVED BY U. S. FOOD AUTHORITIES cm,“ saws DELUXE PERSONALIZED STATIONERY Smart stationery, correct in size. DeLuxe ripple-finish, decklc edged lawn corres— poiidence paper, tinged with silver along the (lockled edge. 100 double sheets (10% by 71/2) and 100 envelopes, the new smart size printed with your name and address (or any three lines desired) in rich. royal blue. Choice of white, buff, gray, pink. blue or lavender. Do not confuse with cheap bond paper offers. This stylish station- ery sent in neat box to any address for only $2.50—less than you can buy the paper unprinted in any retail store. Order today. You'll be delighted. Money refunded. if you are not. THE ALLEGAN STATIONERY COMPANY DEPARTLIENT G ALLEGAN, MICHIGAN. A cough is a amino 0 that gou need scon’s .muismu ill 'to build-up lagging stren b. If run own in vitality, build up on Scott ’8 Emulsion. loot; & lune, Bloomfield. I. 1. 23-62 We - Z Rina-- PT -i Think of getting this won- deflfull qualifty range; ship; ircct tom ac o 01!): all complete for only?5.95 d’own, balance on easy monthly a meats. Save 0 . p y 200 _other styles and —‘1 Elite at once Stops Colds in 24 Home frigerators, etc. payments. 24 hour shipments. Safe de- . livery guaranteed. 30dayc'. "” —" I “ ¥’£$¥3.§°i.': liming—rm W K (‘1 0m GL0 ‘ “gum,” Stone,» Hill’s Cascara Bromide Quinine gives I . M.- 672 Rochester Ava. quicker relief than any other cold or In ' M‘d“ grippe remedy. Tablets disintegrate in $ 95 MM - ‘ "VFW!" CREAM ? _‘ IMMIW 1 Din-(i to You millions of cases. Demand red, box bear- ing Mr. Hill's portrait. All druggists— on trial. Easy running, easily cleaned. Skim- warm or cold milk. 30 cents. L $202) Dian-eat from picture which shows W.H. HILL CO. ‘ amour. Mica. lam-in only running No‘wLS.Modol ‘ ' I Get my -- nonva PAYMENT PLAN , Have You LIVE POULTRY m Solo! ’ “ .erfi today fortification. ‘ . ‘ ‘ ~ I ' 21.2.: « _ AIIIICAII urn-arcs co. A“ A“ in THE MICHIGAN. » é baron‘ " .. lei-WAY- BUSINESS FARMER Wiii Sell It! ’ijfii‘i’. '57.: .. «7!... _ .. Thawwuia.‘ ,_ V, . l v.1...“ chi-1.0. ., _, H : “Search for the true secret that has brought sateess to the hest livestock 'man you know. .You will find it is nothing more or ‘less than that, his animals are always well, always in good condi— tion, always working, always returning profit; never sick, never in poor condition, never loafing, never running up a large expense for medi- cal treatment.” ‘\ That Describes _e_1 Lorre-fed Cow! People often wonder about the success achieved by Larro users. Mr. Van Pelt’s words tell the a story. , ' Larro users succeed because -Larro-fed cows are always well, always working, always returning a profit. They produce heavily when fresh and they continue producing heavily for a longer period of time. VVhat’s more, they produce economically. One pound of Larro yields from three to four pounds of milk. The exact amount, of course, depends on the kind and quality of V roughage and on the length of time the cow has been in'milk. When a cow goes “off feed’.’ you can sometimes bring her back part way, but she will never be the same in that lactation period. Feed Larro and she doesn’t go off feed. The Larrowe Milling Company, Detroit, ‘Mich. "Feeding the The Larrowe Milling Company ‘ Fresh lCow” is 53 Larrowe Bldg., Detroit, Mich. the tltlc of. an article that Gcntlemem appears "I the Current I am now feeding . . . . . .cows and I want to receiVe, with- “.uc 0f the Lam-0 Dairy‘ out-cost, your magazine—“The Larro Dairyman.” man. If you are not receiving thin excellent, free magazine for COW- owners, fill out and mail this coupon now, or take it to your LARRO dealer. , . , Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . St. or R. F. D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Town . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fourth Michigan State Sale! —— Monday Afternoon, February 4th —— In the steam heated Stock Judging Pavilion at the Michigan Agricultural College 40 Young Cows———6 Young Bulls Carefully selected for good individuality, good records of their own or demo from herds under supervision for T. B. MICHIGAN HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION v J. G. HAYES, Sale Mgr. EAST LANSING, MICH Cream-Liquid Gold Get More of , It Through the Imported HARP SEPARATOR Doesyoursefizgtorskimclean? Does itgetallthe ' cream? The does. Needs no inhumane. Al- ‘,‘i~‘-—' .3. waysinpertectm order._Getsallthecreamall ( g of the tune under conditions-fie standard in _, Europe for 22 years. a 30 Days’ FREE Trial ,4 .- Send N0 Money M Harp atourrhktorBOdays. Noticed” er magnet: enco the Harp'l easier m3:— a-eun . n ht underthe bowl—duo lower ‘ x 0 order. Easierme {swap-rte. (24mm ‘ '- ' wrth' deflnachineuot twl Gum. , ‘ ‘ 331%. allllolp the Barn bafilmcfi. . l0! out "[628 0! HS“, Y. norm to . . on “chm win-Ill cologn- ' a! / ' OUGH ‘uiiited’smes is the third country in wool produc- tion and has produced an aver-_ age of 300,000,000 poundsra year for the, last 35 years, it has never met the home demand. Imports for some years prior to the war aver- aged 200,000,0,00 pounds. reached a peak at pounds in 1918. Probably a norm- al annual amount which must be imported is- around 300,000,000 pounds. American sheepmen“ have therefore no need to be afraid of ov- ershooting,the home demand for W001. Since 1921 wool prices have more than doubled. The problem of selling wool is not to create a. market but to take the best advant- age of the one that exists. This has been attempted in the last few years by considerable ex- tension of cooperative marketing. Great quantities of wool are now assembled annually ,by wool pools and held at central points for in‘ spection by wool buyers. Cooper- ation, however, has seen its greatest development in the farm flock're- gions. “ On the range, cooperative marketing is comparatively new, and effects only a small portion of the wool sold by large ranching out- fits. It has, however, achieved some success. Results indicate that co- operative selling stimulates compe- tition among buyers, faicilitates busi- ness-like transactions, and tends to check overloading of markets. The ratio of the number of sheep to population in the United States has declined since 1884. From 1899 to 1903 there were about 5 sheep for every 8 people. Ten yearslater there were only 4. From 1919 to 1923 there were only 2.8 sheep for .every 8 people, or about 1-3 of a sheep per person. Nevertheless the total production of wool has remain» ed practically constant owing to in- crease in the weight of the fleeces. Per capita consumption of wool has been maintained by great increases in imports. REPORT OF N.E\VAYGO COW TESTING ASSOCIATION HE Newaygo county cow testing association, oldest association of its kind in the United States, has just completed a very successful year, with 223 cows completing their records for the entire year, 25 cows having been sold as undesir- able, 16 purchased and four pure bred sires purchased during the year. The results of the work show a great improvement over 'that of 1922 according to figures below: The average production of all cows in the association for 1923 is 6,755 lbs. —milk, 321.0 lbs. butterfat, while that for 1922 is 7,112 lbs. milk, 302.3 lbs. buttertat. Also the average profit per cow in the assoc- iation was $104.61 over cost of feed for 1923, While the average profit for 1922 wa’s $53.87 over cost of feed. The average cost for feed in producing 100 lbs. of milk was $00.99, and $00.24 per lb. for but- terfat. Forty-eight cows in the associa— tion made over 365 lbs. of butterfat during the year, while seventeen out of the twenty-seven herds averaged over 300 lbs. and four over 400 lbs. of butterfat. ' The high cow in each herd aver- aged 8,482 lbs. of milk’ and 404.3 lbs. of fat, returned $140.18 above feed cost, and produced milk for $00.80 per 100 lbs., butterfat for 180 per lb. for cost of feed, and the average return for every dollar ex- pended for feed was $3.14. The low cow in each herd aver- aged 5,159 lbs. milk and 238.6 lbs. _, butterfat, returned $67.55 above cost of feed, produced milk for $1.- 116 per 100 lbs., fat for 260 per lb. for feed, and the average return for every dollar expended for feed was $2.11. , Pure bred cows have appeared in the “high ten" each month 2.1 times as often as did the grades, and “Grandfather’s Pride” (the scrub with no pure bred breeding) has not appeared once. ’ six members have completed rec- ords In two years and their arrange production 547 lbs.’ '01 fill and They , 453,727,000, 52. ‘ “pita °n° : yea? . ‘ This the tact that, cow. testing~iassociaa tion is a benefit and a business "prop osition for the dairy-man extend! he» thinks he knows what his cows are domg after one year's membership in the association. ‘ . The high cow in the association 5? for 1923 is a registered Jersey own-L, f ' ed by A. 0. Nelson, of Holt'on, and is . A one of the most efficient "cows in the association, her average production, : for the year being 8,787 lbs. milk ’- and 587.7 lbs. butterfat. whichds 932 lbs. milk and 131.7 lbs. cilat above her production for 1922. Dara “ 'ing the past year this cow consumed ~ $41.28 worth of roughage and $59»- ‘ 72 worth 'of concentrates, or grain",, and produced at a profit of $234.95 above cost of, feed. Mr. Nelson’s neighbors have predicted disaster for the practice he has been follow- ing, stating thathe 'would burn out his cows by_ overloading, and that he could not make money by teedi ing so heavy, while as a matter of fact he has at no time fed offer one lb. of grain to three lbs. of milk, and his cows have not been “01! their feed” once during the year.-' His herd average on five cows is 8257 lbs. milk and 464.5 lbs. ,fat. with an average profit of $173.65 above cost of feed, which is the highest, in the association—Clair Taylor, County Agr’l. Agent. _ HOLSTEIN MEET DURING FARM- ERS’ WEEK N our last issue we published a I short item regarding the meet— ing of the members of the Mich- igan Holstein—Friesian Ass’n. during Farmers‘ Week at the Michigan Agricultural College, February 4th to 8th. For the benefit of those who might have overlooked it we are publishing something about it again in this issue. " The annual banquet will be held at Lansing on the night of Monday February 4th. The annual meeting will be held the following day, Tues- day, February 5th, at the M. A. 0., East Lansing. William Moscrip, of Minnesota, probably the best known dairy cattle judge of the Us S. A., will be present to demonstrate Dairy Type and to hold a judging “school.” The fourth annual sale of selected_Holsteins will be held Mon- day afternoon, February 4th. . DHCHIGAN’S SECOND 40-POUND ' ' HOLSTEIN cow NLY three other" junior four- year—old Holstein cows in the United States have exceeded the seven-day production record of Eco- Sylv Belle Pietje of the Carl E. Schmidt herd at Oscoda. Under the constant supervision of the Mich- igan Agricultural College this-cow, recently produced in one week 682.2 pounds milk and 33.014 pounds but- terfat—equal to 41.267 pounds but? ter, according to the advanced reg- istrydlepartment of The Holstein- F‘riesian Association of America. Among the three other cows with higher records is Michigan’s champ- ion producer in this class, Wanda— mere Belle_Hengerveld, whose rec— ord is 42.65 pounds butter. This cow is owned by E. L. R. Pelletier of Pontiac. , Eco-Sylv Belle Pietje dropped her second calf at the time of her last freshening. She is a large cow, weighing around 1900 pounds short- ly before freshening a. few weeks ago. Her sire is Avon Pontiac Echo and her dam, Belle Model Pietje 3d. Albert E. Jenkins, manager of the Schmidt herd, states that she is be- ing continued on strictly oflicial test under the supervision of the state college representatives and is pro- ducing over 100 pounds ilk and around 4.2 pounds butterfat daily. CASTRATING AND BOOKING IN- CREASE PRICE OF LAMBS RODUCING desirable lambs for the market is dependable to a large extent on the three £91- lowlng principles of ‘management. namely, good breeding, proper Iced- ing, and castration, “and dockinguot thé latter is 92:91:33}? than-any‘otfihe om _ the lumbar} Qt .t‘hesefi teeters jafiwsed rciltura. ‘ - his male lambs as rare tombs rather ‘ the big reason that they have be- faged associations there is a gain in mum Stat 7. "The farmer does not market his é hull calves as balls, nor his bear Digs as boars, says the department. , ‘ Why, therefore, should he market , than as wethers? The correction of this neglect by castrating and deck) cess. It is conservatively estimated that 80 per cent of the native lambs -—those marketed tron! farm flocks ~which reach the markets come un< docked and uncaetorated, and that. the percentage of ram lambs among the altering dnrlnx the. last year has been,“ large as ever before. 05 the otherhand, the custom of decking nil lambs and eastrsting the males is almost universal in the range docks, and to this practice in a large measure may be attributed the tact that lambs produced on our western ranges outsell native or farm-raised lambs at the market on the average of from $1 to $1.50 per 1000 pounds. These operations have been found profitable, and that is come so commonly practiced on the western range. They are likewise applicable to the farm flock and Just as necessary for the production of the best lambs and consequently the, most pro fit. _ IT PAYS TO CONTINUE TESTING OF DAIRY COWS. S a result oi the study of records of cow—testing associations in all parts of the country, the United States Department of Agri- culture has showu that in well—man- the average yearly production of cows from year to year. In other words, even though the poor cows are culled out at first, it pays to keep everlastineg at it, as there is always an opportunity for profitable improvement. To illustrate this, figures of but— .terta’t production for three associa- tions one each in Michigan, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, show that for the first year the average per cow was 237 pounds, for the second year it was 255 pounds, for the third year 278, for the fourth 292, and for the am: year 305 pounds. The last .year in the series showed an aver- age production of 6-8 more pounds of jet than the first year. At 40 cents a pound this amounts to $27.- 20 a head, and for a. herd of 20 cows the increased value would be $544 a year. ‘ , Production records of 17.405 pure- bred. grade, and scrub cows showed that in milk production the pure- breds and grades excelled the schubs by 12.42 per cent, and in butterfat production by 17.86 per cent. ______.——————-—-—‘ NEW STATE HOLSTEIN BUTTER CHAMPION . ICHIGAN’S new Junior two— year—old champion Holstein cow for 30 days production of 'butter is Charlevoix Ormsby Zwelle, owned by Loeb Farms at Charlevoix. Her official record as announced by the advanced registry department of The Holstein-Friesian Aesociation of America, is 1,842.2 pounds milk and 82.395 pounds butterfat equal to 102.9 pounds butter. - This cow displaces the former champion in this class, Traverse Edie Sylvia Walker, of the State Hospital herd at Traverse City, whose record is 100.5 pounds butter. KEEPING MILK GOATS Recently I read an article from a lady in Colorado on raising goats for milking, and the ready sale, and profits from this industry. Will you kindly give me your opinion: on the advisibility oi! my going into it in this section? What breed should I get?. What is the» prospect or sell— ing milk in cities like Bay City, Sag- inaw and Detroit? 1' could ship to any of these places, What is the usual price per quart? How could Iworkupamarket? Ihavean 'f idea-I place to lssep them. What is t 7- usual fer themr—C. n. ‘ ~ Royal on. ironies». R. e. so: 10: M sections of the country Mt It is not enough to ‘ Separator that skims fairly clean and that runs fairly easy—you want onethat gets a fat down to the last drop and that runssoeasilythat turn it. In addition, you must get construction that makes many years of good service possible. In recent tests, the Illinois Cow Testing Association found it a common occurrence, on average farms, for out-worn, poorly con- structed, poorly cared- for separators to waste $25 worth every month. Think wasted in a single pearl If the machine you are using is failing you in such a manner, you can- not allord to operate it a single week longer, regardless of the so-called “bargain may have paid for it. 1 mnkg About! It is unnecessary for you to sufier such butterfat losses. You can escape them by throwing out the wasteful machine now and replacing it with a new, efficient McCormick-Deming Ball-Bear- ing Cream Separator. These modern, easy-running separators buy a cream II the butter- a child can represent From the of butterfat of it, $300 profits for price” you genuine economy. viewpoint of long ' I life,easy-turning, and close-skim- ming, they outrank all others. You need one on your farm! If ready cash is not plentiful, ask our- dealer for his liberal terms. Let a McCormick-Deer- 1ng Primrose earn bigger cream you and apply the extra dollars on the easy pay- ments the McCormick-Deering dealer will offer you. There are five popularsizes—all of standard McCormick—Deming ball-bearing design. . flak the McComzick-Deering dealer about the size best sailed to your herd. l INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY of America (Incorporated) 606 sq Nlichigan Ave. gaml‘r'“lllllllIIlIllIIIllllllllllllllllllllIIllllIIIIIIIIlllllllllnllllllll‘ l l ‘ I “E. m. s «a?! _ Imuomenu mm unani- um heading tor t of are-bred: on Io amour-sac he growing I: Thlrt Cents (800) per agate lrne, per lnesrtlon. or $4 per Inch. less 21;, for cash I! no of Insertion. SEND IN my llnse It wlll ll No. 3 (65011:; capacity) muuou breeders of lee Stool at speclal “"1 the farms of our readers. Our advortlslnu rats Fourteen agate lines to the column Inch t wlth order or pald on or before the 10th YOUR AD AND WE WILL PUT IT IN TYPE ll. Address all letters. BREEDING DIRECTORY. MICHIGAN BUIINE” FARMER. MT. CLEMENS, IIIOI-I. To avold confllotlng date: we wlll wlthout It [let the date or any llve stock glue In Illcblcen If you are oonslderl I e vlse us stance and we wlll old the date ior an. dunes, Live stool Editor. M 8 Feb. d—Holsteins. Mi Holstein-Friesian moo Em? Mic ' . Feb. s-Paiandn’ 0mm. Detrol; Gregggl'ly Glunens. r 1) 2pm..“ D tr 1: Ores. e . cos. 0' Mt. Clemens, gdichizan. mm Fum' CATTLE nous'rnms FOR eAL : sEoIs‘rEnEo HOLS‘I’EIN euu. star: we, has... “Para Rank- Price $100 oEonoE o. ornuecéluehndl ~ I r OI! sou—m Registered Hoists! H . & ‘Dec. 20. 1:922 and the oialml't Hmong;8 . ' j1 28 from good oducinz stock and well do: - Price 3133. o t m a... :33iu‘mtn and 1 misuse!th om?“fll§lli AYRSHIRES To make room for winter we are ofl’ering bred m and heifers_n1so some well_bred young bulls. up our Winnings at lending state fairs. W. 1'. SHUTTLEWORTH, Ypsilantl, Michigan. FORDS HEREF ORDS Registered Breeding Cattle, T. B. Tested _at practical prices for groduction of Ilereiord Baby eevu profitably all ages. T. F. B. SOTHANI a SONS. (Herefords slnce 1839.) St. Clair, Illch. Steers For Sale 72 Herefords 750 lbs. 76 Hereford: .660 lbs. 86 Hercfords 6501113. 48 Herefords 5001M. Can also show on other choi e us All are dehomed. deep 2003 am Wen marked and show th breeding. in the market for real gimlity._one car load or more Iy,g;i.renchoice. Write stating number rnd weinht 'V-. V. BALDWIN. Eldon. Wapollo 00.. Iowa. We Have Bred Hereford; Since 1860 Spring calves for sale. Write us your want; A few Chester White Boers and Sew for file. GRAPO FARM. Sum: creek. Mlchlaan. HIREWULLS BIOED To gill... ' “Pawn .3? myrngmmw. ‘ No. 4 (850 lbs. Chicago, 111. No. 5 (1100 lbs. capacity) j capacity) ANGUS WE HAVE SOME FINE YOUNG ANGUS BULL. from lritemamomi Grand Champion Stock at reasonable prices. E. H. KERR & 00.. Addison. Mich. RED POLLED —REGISTERED R F o R s A '- (Iattle. 130th POLL-‘0 S . PIERCE BROS.. R. 1. Eaton RapldI, Melxchlaln. JERSEYS REG. JERSEYS. POGIS 99th OF H. F. AND VMiLJCBty breeding. Young stock for sale. Herd fully accredited by State and Federal Government Write or Visit for {moss and description. GUY c. WILBUR. BELDING, Mlch. ..._. SBORTHORNS RAISE snonruonus wnrndurbllonns Like Kalle does. U. S. Accreth d H 28246. F‘br description and price werite, erd N“. c. KELLY & SON. Plymouth. Ialchlgen. GUERNSEYS: REGISTERED BULL Month 0111 $40. Best of breedes. clilalh‘lfins; American Farm R. 1, B. 43. NILclemens. mum. GUERNSEYS i‘ng. breeding of No nuke. nose. Bu 1 soon ready for ufiéasmo A. III. smrm Lake city. Michigan. ‘ SWINE _, 0. L O. 9, I. vs: 75 Later seams mos. Mlle A)” (all. not skin. From 3 d stro sizes. in. Recorded free. 200% mill: “It ‘ p o: d a 0' BOHULZE & SONS. NIBIIVIIIO. M GUERNSEY BULL OALVES 50. A. . .0 m s R was (Continued on Page 24) caniy Every Cow Can be made a gig Milka Cow owners have learned that no effort on the farm pa 8 so handsomely as the drive for more mil . Over 90% of the so-called poor milkers are capable of much better results than is obtained from them. An im- proved health standard» is a sure booster of milk profits. No wonder. Dairy experts say that under average conditions a yield-increase of only 10% will double the net profit of dairying. The fixed cost per cow of feed and care is about the same regardless of yield. After this cost is met, every pint of milk is added profit. Perfect health has more to do with big milk yields than breeding or feeding. “Forcing” the milk-making organs to greater efforts ends disastrously unless extra demands are met with extra support of the cow’s vitality. Kow—Kare is invaluable to cow owners. It increases the activity of the milk-making function by promoting vigorous health in the genital and digestive organs. It prevents or relieves cow diseases and disorders by helping these organs to function as nature intended. Its benefits are widely recognized for the treatment of Barrennees, Abortion, Retained Afterbirth, Scours, Bunches, Milk Fever, Lost Appetite. Let Kow-Kare help you to greater milk profits. Your feed dealer, general store or druggist can supply you — large size can “.25; medium size 65c. Order direct from us if your dealeri does not have Row-Kare. We pay postage. Write for copy of our free 82 page book, “The Home Cow Doctor." It will show you the way to greater profit from your cows. DAIRY ASSOCIATION CO., Inc., Lyndonville,Vt. i Here are just a few extracts from letters such as we receive in ever! mail from cow owners: Wm. E. Starkey. Austin Ind: “I have found kovwxhnn is the best medicine for milch cows that there is. I found that it al- ways paid to feed it whenever my cows went . down on the quantity of milk they were giving. I have cured several cows that were down and could not get up. James H. McClintick, Solon Me.: “I had a e cow that retained th ’ afterbi'rth for five days, when I decided to try your Kow—Kare. Three doses removed the afterbirth com- pletely and she is now all right. After that I decided to feed KO W~ hARE to two other cows for experiment. ltyincreased the flow of milk of one of them nearly one-half ; the other gave more milk than formerly and ained Iii flesh. KOW- ARE is all “13'; is claimed for it. Stott, Nor- th t b 'vi: “I?!” s y n a flow“. ew doses of KARE it WlII keep cows in a healthy state, and result Will be more milk -- just what we want. revs ‘ve : eid‘te . ~ ‘ DUROCS—A REGISTERED, (conunued from Page 23) Gilts at $30. Fine breeding. Mahon’s American Farm R. 1, 4 Mt. Clemens, Michigan. DUBOCS AT THE STATE FAIR we snowso one of the largest boars. He won 3rd in his working ' clothes (no fitting). .He is back home and we want you to havo a. gilt or sow bred to this fine RAISE A TOPMAST SENSATION comma: wme us. SCHAFFER BROS... R. 4, Oxford. Michigan. LITTER "'6 raise the best- HAMPSHIRES bred sows and elite. Let us ote you prices on a real boar pig sired by OPMAS'I‘ BENSATION. Write us your wants. must-actor . Ask LUCKHA D'S MODEL FARM. Bach. WE GUARANTEE OUR REG. HAMP_SHIRE8 price. Michigan. literature and LOEB FARMS Vlmll Davis. Superintendent Swine. Char-levelit, Michigan. BEG. HAMPSHIRE JOHN W. SNYDER. St. Johns, Michigan. H 0 G 8 FOR SALE Write your wants to GRAND CHAMPION Poland China Sale at the Detroit Creamery Farms MT. CLEMENS, MICH. Tuesday, February 5th We will sell the. greatest lot of yearling sows and gilts ever offered in this state, bred to THE PROFITEER Grand Champion of Ohio and Indiana ELVETRAND REVELATION Junior Champion of Michigan BLACK WATCH The Greatest Son of The Mighty PIONEER Don’t miss this opportunity to add one of these Grand Matrons to your herd. Write today for one of our catalogs, address DETROIT CREAMERY FARMS . . HOG DIVISION R. F. D. No. 7, MT. CLEMENS, MICH. " charged. , _ In acme, exper me " . carried" on in Western experiment. ~ stations it was sh‘OWn that goa‘ts are very economical milk producers. In some cities goats’ milk finds a ready demand for infant feeding and use in invalid diet. This is because of the composition of the milk of the goat. It is claimed by some to be nearer that of human milk than any other animals. Before one establishes a business of raising goats it is necessary to find out something of the require- ments and demand for the milk. It is not safe to count on making a success of milk goats in your sec- tion of the state simply because suc- cess was made by a lady in Colo- rado. Some people make a success of anything if they apply themselves and have enough enthusiasm and energy to carry out well defined plans. I believe that this is quite true in raising goats. ' There are several breeds of milk goats. Perhaps the most important, one and at least the oldest and best known is the milk goat that origin- ated in Switzerland. Other breeds are the Nubian and Maltese. We do not know of any great de- mand for milk in the cities that you mention, but it would seem that the demand for special milk of this kind would came\naturally from the larg- er cities and in this event it would be much better to engage in this busi- ness closer to the place where you expect to find a market than to en— gage in it at such a great distance. We have records showing that goat milk has sold at from 25c to $1.00 a quart. The price of milk goats would depend to a great extent on how well bred, if pure breds, and if grades, how much milk they will give. We cannot tell you the aver- age price of milk goats at the pres- ent time—0. E. Reéd, Professor of Dairy Husbandry, M. A. C. *iD/cterinaru Department M HORSE EA’IS SAND I have a horse six years old that I have trouble with. He has been eating sand. I have given him lin— seed oil and turpentine. There has been considerable of sand passed from him. He cats and drinks good, but every two or three days has a running of the bowels. I would like to know what causes this and what would be good to give him.~——A. A. H., Emmet County. ——I would suggest that you place your horse in charge of your veter- inarians for treatment as it is suffer- ing from a serious condition that re- quires skillful treatment and can best be administered by the veterin- arian who has the privilege of mak- ing frequent examinations of his pa- tient.——John P. Hutton, Division of Veterinary Medicine, M. A. C. ri‘ DISABLED, SOLDIER BECOMES WATCH REPAIRER 0 make a. watch repairer out of a laborer is not only a super ac- complishméht" for the instruct- ors effecting this transformation but if proves that a man with initiative and confidence is a big factor in making such a change possible. That such an accomplishment can be made a fact has been brought to light by the case of Joseph Kinnick Jr., a disabled ex-soldier living at 1080 Concord Ave., Detroit. Before entering the service Kin- nick was a laborer. But while serv- ing on the Chanpagne sector in France he was wounded in the chest by a machine gun bullet. The na- ture of this wound incapacitated him from returning to the heavy work of a laborer. So, after spending six months in the hospital, he was dis- Knowing that it would be foolish for him to attempt to “carry on” at his pre-war occupation, Ken- nick applied to the U. S. Veterans’ Bureau for a course in vocational training, which was given him. For thirty-one and a. half months he received “replacement training," training on the job, in one of De- troit’s large jewelry shops. At the end of this period he had. become proficient, whereupon he was given suitable employment and declared rehabilitated. . _ Kinnick is doing well at his new vocation. Furthermore. he is now; earning" a Wage'wmc'li is 35 per cent- in excess ot'hls prewar/sincome.‘ ' “ ' .a, .. c2. e "1' 3‘ . Saw-ch Gise- .831me M. r. ‘ ' - ‘ O Value in ' v/ 0 . Ensllqge Cutters ' HOUSANDS of farmers agree that- the, \ Papec is the biggest value in ensflaifie cutters—simple, rugged, long-lived. If s ' thehighestsilo Without pluggingthe ipe. Light of draft; costs less to operate. very part is easy to get at. . . The Papec is made in four sizes: R;10; N—13' L-16 and K-19. A gasoline engine, developin 3 h.p. or more, Will operate the R-lO size. ny tractorcan beuSed e medium sizes. For heavy tractors usea K- 19 Papec—capacity practically unlimited. ' t I and U. siivogiesg‘iiZtii-Fififfing aoriii Feeding of Silage." very silo-owner should read them. Mention size of your 5110. Papec Machine Company 187 Main St. N. Y. ,_ V d Ilsa nglnathepam N Hotel Tuner mien; 3}”s'iébi'c'a Handel-mu u- Dflnfl Few JETIOIT AUTOMOBILE CLID OLD COLON“ CLUB ADCIAFT CLIID Table D'Hoe- Dinner '\ 33- .I.” I L- O 0-01 {I i it)?! l't'l’l l [I I [#1 01'10‘ -' Over 800 Rooms Willi Belh DAILU RATES: SlnGLB. 52 50 “P “we Floors of Agents Sample looms. use I19 HOTEL TIILLER CO. DETROIT O C. PIOMAN Mal quLI'V- I‘Vl-iillllti Save Calves and Cowsl " by Ilsrng ABORNO '~ Guaranteed Remedy Ior Contagious Abortion - . Successfully used by thousands of farmers stock- ‘ men. and da men. Easily administered. XIII! lint!h : gig: [terms In Ioed--can’t injure animals. Write for 0 Seek. describing symptoms Ind effects-arm: many letters from users. Money-back Ahosuo LABORATORY O! M St. Lancaster, Wis. Ule 2 large cans. Cost SLIO. Money back if not ae- tery. Onacsnstfl. Semis sufficient. NEWTON'. Compound for Worm El- . polling. Conditioning, ~ Elegges, Iifliggsfitle: stem er, Co he. 65:: and 8 . cans. are gist-paid. 1.3"»:me REMEDY co.. Toledo. on. Q SHEEP ‘ E ron sunorsmnr "ragga-g; on DAN BOOHEN. R. 4, Evert, Michigan. rm STOCK % DOGS German Shepherd Airdales COIIIOS' Old En llth Shepherd dogs: I‘uppies; l'Oc illusiirnted 'insgrue- tive list. w 8. Watson, Box 21, Macon. Mo. gymmmtmummm SEBUSIIIESS FARMERS EXGHAIIGE Ads Under this Heao 100 per Word, per Issue 5 €lllmllillllllllllllllllllllllllllWllllilililllilllil|lllIlllilllllhlllllilllllilllillilllllillliliili rite for Free Booklet G- 65 STA NESS TRAINING INST.. Buffalo. N WE PAY $200 MONTHLY SALARY, FURN. ish car and expenses to introduce our guaranteed oultry and stock powders. BIGLER COMPANY. 9:682. Springfield, Illinois. RAILWAY POSTAL GLERKS: START $188 month Railroad ass; ex enses id; questions gfie. COLUMBUSp INSTI UTE -4 Columbus, 10. D. BUSI- Y AGENTS SELL WOLVERINE LAUNDRY Soap. Wonderful repeater and ficodnzproflt maker. Free auto to hustlers. WOLVE IN SOAP 00.. Dept. B32, Grand Rapids, Mich. FREE TO INTRODUOE OUR PEDIGREED Strawberries V will send 25 I e plants free. PIEDMONT NURSERY 00.. Piedmont, Mo. FOR SALE MOLIEIE TRACTOR AND PLOW.‘ ., e nearly n w. o no Percheron Stallion ei ht one ton. Wits for particulars to S. A. Enison. IAke. Mic - H o m a e P u u resacoo. FIVE eouune Chewing. 01.76. ten, $8.00, 86.25: intake“ Igive poulndu. 1. 6. texts 36 m. “ .‘ . n a a when” r“ eived. TUOKY T013365. . redneck. y. e x ‘ i w,“ «a...» i n...” 4— WWWW"~WV WV.-.“ .. -Wmnnu ,_ ' Which Road for You o '1‘! ‘ ' ‘- ' / E CONSUME‘R lclIH‘Fn‘l‘M-W ‘ NH I l ' I [filxnull unomus .\ lsnrcurnrous " IcomMussmN u/ulolllllt Mmmeru u CON‘HHH‘H .illl'lAlLUi CREAMERY CREAM STATION I For23yearsBlueValleyhasgiven , farmers a high direct cream market. No useless profit takers between them and BlueValley— betWeen BlueValley and retail- ers. BlueValley butter, the National brand, brin s farmers bigger cream checks irect. ‘ Another Blue Valley Booster “We are well pleased with every one of the checks, am have found Blue Valley the best creamery. I will ship again .' next week.”-ank Rupar, Holton, Mich. Thousands of B. V. B's (Blue Valley stars) will tell youit pays to ship your cream yourself direct to Blue Valley. For Bigger Cream Checks Ship to , BLUE VALLEY CREAMERY CO. Ship to Blue Valley Creamery in City nearest you: . Also creameries In Mlcll. 16 other cities Mllwaukeo, Wis. General owlce: nth. Min CHICAGO M why mifllonr on ll 1 Want'ta Send Every Reader of This Paper 20 Bays’ Free Trial I wantt to privehto . you a my ms t at CORONA Is the greatest healing ointment that you have ever used for all kinds of cuts, wounds. sores, etc. on man or beast. * Jusl Send Your lame and Address and I’ll send you this big can, ostpaid. Use it for Chopped ands, Ulcer-mguts, Wounds, Bruises. Piles oils Eczema, ate—nothing like it {orkeeping the hands from chafing during wmtor season. Use it on your animals for Bulere Cuts,Col- lsr Bonis,Cracked Hoofs.Grease Heel, Sore Tents, Caked Udders, etc. then if after 20 days’ free trial you are convinced it is the best healing preparation you ever used—then send me 650 in tullyayment. If you are not satisfied after giving it a trial—don’t pay me a cent. 1 let you be t e judge. Send name.and address toda for 3:?me 20-DAY FREE '1‘ kn. c. c. PHILLIPS. “the canoe Man" TllE CORONA MFG. CO. 42 Corona Block, KENTON, 0. Non—If you have used Corona and drought cannot supply you and you prefer larger can, order direct In ad. 20 on. can pootpald £1.25. “HOOSIER SILQS” are proof against wmd, flre, frost and decay, reinforced with ever course of tile with galvaniaer steel_cable, equip ped With continuous doors with double sealing clam. Doors set flush W1tll_ll’l81 e wall allows even settlng of ensilage. . 1 silos also in wood, same splendid Territory 0 en for good salesmen. at our rices before buying. Hoosier ldg. T e & 8H0 Company, Dept. MB-11 Albany, Ind. Printed Ruled Stationery For Business Farmers $1.00 200 sheets good quality ruled letterheads, 5 b 8%, with 100 envelopes printed Wlth arm name, owner’s name and ad- dress, or any three lines desired. Paper put up in tablets. Sent. to any address on recoipt of $1.00. Write plainly name and address. ALLEGAN STATIONERY ‘COMPANI Department M Alleaan. Michlzan.‘ HAVE YOUR POULTRY l in gnu? M. is F i!»— 6‘ I? F (SPINACH. SAYS >W ' A SUNDAY FROLIC Y good friends, this seems to be 'Sunday night an’ yet I have jest come from a. dance. Went in' an’ things wuz goin’ wild dowu there. An’ say, good fOIkS,‘ while I’m kinder glad I’m American, like Andy Gump, 100 per cent for myself an’ the rest for the folks, yet—well, the hunkies ain’t so bad—everybody wuz havin' a good time. Elderly ladies weighin' ’round 200 pounds, younger wimmin not so heavy but good an’ plump, little kiddies from 3 to 5 years of age—all an' every- body danced. Folks, it wasn’t just a regular two, one or three-step, it wuz a dance. The music wuz string- ed instruments, all ’ceptin’ one, be- in’ played by pickin’ with the 'fing- ers. One feller sawed a bow ’cross a fiddle. Mebbe you like the name of violin better. No matter, that’s what the feller fiddled onto, an’ tak- en here an’ there, the music wuz purty durn good. They wuz a policeman there to keep us—well, to keep the crowd quiet, so must of us kept still. It sure wuz a great dance. I ain’t a “hunkey” yet, but, well, seein’ how happy they wuz——little kiddies not mor’n 4 or 5 years old, ho-ppin’ in an’ havin’ just as good a time as anybody? Folks, friends, why don’t we, you an’ us, have just such times? We used to heve ’em. We liked 'em, didn’t we? But now you know if we heve a dance or party we’ve got to fix up for it. Men has to overdress, you know what I mean, put on a lot of things he don’t like, high collars, cuffs an' whatnots, What ever they may be, an’ wimmin heve to take off a lot of things they should ort to wear. I don’t hardly know jest how to name the things—but corset strings an’ sich, an’ other things—you know how it is an’ when you go to a dance it ain’t a dance but it’s a ball— “bawl” maybe would hit it nearer. An’ so that’s why I’m writin’ this little letter. I went to a dance—— jest a reg’lar dance—~yes, Sunday night, too. Folks, there wuz jest as much religion there as you or I can find in any church anywhere. Everybody wuz sober an’ every- body seemed glad. There were no long faces, you do see long faces in church sometimes, don’t you? Well I didn’t see any of ’em there tonight an’ so if you hear that I’ve come to be a “hunk” it’s ’cause I’ve joined the dance—I’ve shed the sour face, heve learned to live the life! Cordi- ally yours,——UNCLE RUBE. MUT'I‘ON CONSUMPTION IN- CREASES MPROVED methods of slaughter and the development of artificial refrigeration and refrigerated transportation have greatly increas- ed the consumption of mutton in the United States in the last 30 years. It is, however, considerably lower than in many other countries. Av- erage annual per capita consump— tion of lamb and mutton for the ten— year period 1912-1921 in the United States was 6.2 pounds. This com— pares with a per capita consumption of 9 pounds in Canada in 1910; 26.7 pounds in the United Kingdom from 1895 to 1908; 9 pounds in France in 1904; and in Germany of only 2.2 pounds a year for 1904—1913. In these periods the consumption of lamb and mutton in these Coun- tries constituted the following per- centages of the total meat consump- tion: 4.35 per cent in the United States; 5.57 per cent for Canada; 22.25 per cent for the United King- dom; 11.25 per cent for France; 1.91 per cent for Germany. A Low Down Dog The garage keeper’s little daughter never had happened to see a. dachshund before. “Look, papa," she exclaimed, "See what a long wheel-base that dog's got.”——Se— lected. down’ into “hunkey town” this even- ; l W, . ‘Use - Dr. LeGear’s 5 Dr. LeGear’s Poultry Prescription Ask a! store about In Free Poultr Course / I I ':/’,/"_ [I The beneficial effects of these powders at this time of year are especially remarkable. Mid—winter is the meanest time for stock. Indoors! Inac. tivc! On dry feed; no pasture. The whole system gets out of condition—bad digestion,poor assimilation, impure blood. All stock are affected, but some show it more—spiritlessmide/ bound, run—down, wormy. No wonderfcediswartedflcshgains are slow and milk yields low. This condition is costing you money. Don’t lose another day in getting DR. LEGEAR’S Stock *-----_. ‘ [songs '3!" I“u” .3. 5. \ Keep your hens busy laying-use needs help n0w! Small, medium a‘nd large packages. 25 lb. pails. 100 lb. dru FREE Sample Coupon ' Hand this coupon to my dealer in your town and get FREE Sample of Dr. LeCear’s Stock Powders. [Also my 128 page Stock and Poultry book free.) Use sample, then buy the size package you need. If dealer is out of samples, send us 10¢ to mail sample and book to you. Dr. L. D.LeGearMedicine Co., St. Louis, Mo. l w . i ‘. fab ill)!" y 1 ’1'};- ‘.' . I “f ' -,l ‘ tock Powders lsowders in their 'feed daily. The laxatives will correct bowel troubles. The diuretics will regulate the kidneys. The tonics will sharpen appetite, aid digestion and purify the blood. The vermifugcs will drive out worms. The minerals build bone and blood tissues. Results are more milk, faster growth and sleek, strong, well- conditioned animals. For 30 years this personal pre- scription of DR. LEGEAR has been “first aid to farm stock.“ Get it now. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. -——----_-—". 07'. l.. D. LOCO-r V. .. [In Surgeon'l nob.) Trade-Mark 303. U. a. Plfi. 0U. s Cream Separator thoroughly. Com- pare it with any cream separator made. and convince yourself that it is su- perior in every respect-—that it will skim cleaner under all conditions of use and is easier to handle and operate. Your De Laval Agent Will be glad to arrange such demonsh'm tions—if you donot know who your De Laval Agent is, write us. on the market more than a year, and already there are over 100,000 m use; and from the enthusiastic re- ports receivcd concerning it there is no question but that it is the best De Laval Separator ever made. And that is saying a great deal when it is considered that De Laval Separators —have millions of users who leit‘ .‘ N or. LAVAL SKIMS CLOSER'RUNS EASIER-LASTS LONGER Examine the new De Laval Then try it in actual use, This new Do Laval has been regard them as the finest $6.60 —ere used and approved by creamerymen, college and dairy authorities; —and how: the longest record of use. as proved by the life of the thousands of machines in the “Oldest De Laval Users Contest." which averaged over 20 years. In spite of the fact that the new 9 Laval in much improved, yet in terms of. butter it cost: much lose. In 1913 It took 231 pounds of but- ter to pay for a popular-sized De Laval. Now it requires only about 188 pounds (average prices for years 1913 and 1923) to pay for the same machine—43 pounds or 18% less butter. In addition, the present-day De Laval is at least 20% better haying 10 o more capacity, a bell apee -indicator,aself~centering bowl, and many other improvo- ments and refinements. here are many worn-out machines made and the and infer' r or m o I best money - makers on To Down in use todzy. v::otin:pe.;:u:rl: 3e farm; th “00 the balance {lean}: to pay {fir a now Do ave won more an - v ' t a a . prizes for superiority qfop- m Monthly 1' ydu go 133...; triloney inygal’a oration and construction; Payments way, stop it by getting a new -—are overwhelmingly cn- .._.___. De Laval. Yon can get one dorsed for cfficrency of , on such easy terms that: service bycow testers, )Vo.7 “10015543111.ch it will pay for itself .I who reach over No.3 M125 " " while you are uain it. ,o‘ 6000 farms; M.lo_350 n n SeeyourQeLav 9‘ ’l 9].. Min“ 500 ., .. eat or wnte us. O 9 Del.an mus-750 " “ ‘¢ 6 gfi‘p-g e;- Mm-looo " “ Seawsboe It you milk ten or 09' o9 o’ ' . more cows, a De Laval Hand,Belt or °‘ 0 Milker will soon pay for , itself. Besides savmg a great cal of tune and it produces cleaner milk and by its ‘ pleasing, causes cows to give more milk. More than 15,000 users will tell you so. . Send coupon for-.mplete inter-matrix» .e a.” Electric drudgery om action usually r Jr- ar cw .-:-'::.\ we» Drive A“. » Ci WE” chinks- dying in. tin. shah I believe, is one of the most discouraging troubles the amps timuhoe tour chick raiser has to face, and . . tn ‘ bust over night. Science hu- discon- cred? lbw tn containi- ens. tion with qsnfial vitamins, and. cloud. extrsnt that works) on an cums or' non producing gland of trial 3 , under hens. ' hens will sit well until the lust - twenty-four hours, then get nervous- I: and fldgety. ‘ gry or thirsty and leaves the nest. ’ This is often the case when the heirs. heir. The wonderful emect‘ of cloud stimulation is shown: by. a simple tut. Gait. experiment station report that hone properly fad viiaminse. etc... lay 300: mflanimn' thol'rm at the average hen. "Lon; weenie. oi" lnby chicks due to Vitamins B?" m The ennui Bulletin. Aho- says: "Eben. as»; at on average age of 1393 dies“ when: furl Mariner." ‘ Try This FREE BOX EGGS, WES» EGGS» and fine healthy chicks. prosperous flocks. without fusp or bother or drugs or expensive feeder. can be- bad. Just drop than tam into drinking water. So simple to double profits. now full of pop and life. ed. full of eggs. price. So confident on the torh the manuhctursr of, the original and senor InOYe'l'l‘A GLAND‘ tablets that you will be maxed otmfltsthattheyoflerh»undsfreebon tor your own use. This is how. Send no money, just no. They will mm In. hon each Hauler. one don! size, a min. apply. When. they entire Mt only it Mr! cent: pomze and one dollar wifi. postman. Will. your neighbor cost the 'o-firful increase of en: in your nests let him hormone box mandolin. Initials-your hexhn cot nothing. $5000. in big Kansas City bank guer- enh! your Mention or mom heck m sngrite today and got (linens of extra 5 . Write- mm mORATORfigS, Gateway Sintion. Karl: can City, Mo.——(ADV.) BOWERS Cdby rdei' Summer production at vdnter moon. Stove II sturdy. cafe. airotight. self- iegulating—bocln world to hold fire. Bum mmuwriucl-pcrfccfly. Also harden-I. wood. cur. Automatic regulator min- nim uniIa-mkanlght andday. Canopy-prud- heatcvenlyover chick); tires pure air. , amplcroom. 500 and L000cbick I‘ WSJO stove pipe . outfiucmlroowithbroodo ‘ i: an you order NOW. Eu. nowzksaco. ‘ .. 1416 W. Wash. 8!. s Egg/acubafofl 7 30 Days Trial cum ..I I’EI' ":33 air space-«double glass doors " ' .I ---8 reel bargain at $13.3. . Shipped complete, set up ready to use. I40 Egg Incubator and Brooder - $17.7 180 Egg Incubator Alone 15.75 180 Egg Incubator and Broader - 22.00 250 Egg Incubator Alone 22.75 250 Egg Incubator and Broader - 31.00 Mode of California Redwood. Positivelythebest value on the market. Order direct from this ad. 80 days trial ~—money back if not pleased. If not ready to order now. don't buy until you get our 1924 catalog whichafhowe Inger sizes up to 1M . IISGOISIII IIGIIBITIII co. Dept. 140 Racine, Us. 140 - EGG “WNW cmcrn «$33me ‘33?“ “13mm”— 11 e copper comp e nurse F ect heat control through automatic £3]; ' mar. “'I‘yooo" thennom . .,.. s- ~... . Detroit rooti- m. Write for low combi- a. union price mullet!“ Incubator 6.. room ‘1!!- 10 America. Ohio. nsrm Edgy. C “3.3% ' matters PulE BMLWEAL . 11an 10 LE ' 0 E8 proved b sum "min W mm reedih your im 888 stock; «11' on records from stock car. desks—A few unsold in mm Roch I‘m Wyandotbeo. and n o. Rode. $3.00 and ' STATE. FARMS ASSOCIATION MIG Tangle. _ Kalamazoo, hichlgm. HERE!) sock—H A ‘l c HI I o ' Eu: end. Busy Chick; Winn mg' ell- huwilhreeds Mich. intormts'onnl e 1 con- 1023. W’s greatest out a color . Write for price list todhy. mend In. W: H.0hflson. R1. mammal-n. Mueller“ led Chicks and Eggs for Hatching. uni. Single Combs. Brec from Fourteen ovations of Winter . Layers. Write for Pros log of Michigan’s Greatest Color and E g n. Intenlakes Farm. Box 4, Lawrence. Mo .. PUIIEBRED‘ omens: BARRED ROCKS, BUFF . White Wyondottes and. Rhode Island . Sa 'slhction. misrauteed. ribs for s ecial reducd prices. Jaseph Amstor, Paw Paw, ~. . onions FROM BRED T0 LAY s. O. ‘Leghorns. First hatch March 3rd. 4’. . WEBSTER. Beth, Mloingan. ~*_ ~__ _~_—-———-._;:: Am An Ad in The Michigan Business Have You Live Stch W ; farm buildings. .pens to notice them when they ' completed. : weather adyauces ,there a causes for the hens getting off the ‘13 most .warmth and moisture generated by jional hard-boiled egg, fine without removing the shell. m E‘deé? ~ "“ ““ -_; apparently the one which met-ides ; him most. Yet there are severed causes: for even the strongest chicks : dying in the shell.- First, take the case of eggs set” It often happens that Often Bidd'y gets hum- are allowed to set in the chicken house. or steal their nest around the But if no» one: hap- come on to feed; they may go. back ' to their nests with only a half-filled Almndhr hmfi crop on the nineteenth or twentieth : day, which. will force them tor leave the nest again before the hatch is Then as the warm in the firing, vermin may worry a. hen into leav- ing her nest. Rats very often scare a hen into leaving her nest when she is sitting outside, or another hen may frighten her while trying to claim the nest to lay in. In fact, are numerous accidental nest in the last forty—eight hours, ; when she should sit undisturbed. ‘Perhaps the most frequent cause ; for chicks dying in the shell when eggs are set under a. hen, is the own- er’s anxiety to help things along. During the last thirty-six hours, it imperative that all the the developing chicks and, the body of the hen should be retained in the nest, and if someone is perpetually lifting the hen partlyfrom the eggs to take away the hatched chicks or to see what is going on. much of the moisture is allowed to escape. therefore, the last two or'three eggs fail to hatch, though they often con— tain fully developed chicks. An extremely dry season generally causes lots of chicks to die in the shell. The best way to combat ad- verse conditions is to remove broody hens from the chicken house or shed and set them in clean nests which can be closed so that a. quantity of whole corn and clean water can be left in readiness for Mrs. Biddy, to feed herself with when she comes off the nest. I keep a shallow box of fine coal ashes in the house where the hens are sitting, so that they can dust themselves every time they leave the nest. If it is a dry sea- son, it is a good plan to sprinkle water on the floor of the house ev— ery two or three days. Watch the dropping of all chick- ens, both brooder and those under the hens, and at the slightest indi- cation of looseness of the bowels, remove drinking water and replace with cold tea, or rice water. I find it a good precaution to feed boiled rice two or three times a week while the chicks are little, and if they de- velop any serious trouble, keep them ‘under cover; or if with a. hen, keep: the hen shut Into the broader coop, for then she is much more likely to brood than if allowed to run at \ large. How to Avoid Leg Weakness Leg weakness rarely develops if 9 the chickens are properly fed. Green .tood and animal- food must form part of their ration. It is usually better for the ordinary farm to de- pend on curd cheese and an occas: chopped up And for green stuff I don't think there is enything as good? as young sprouts of onions, of course, fine enough for the little chicks. Beef liver is mighty good. It is the 'best of all animal food when about half boiled and chopped fine and fed in small quantities. An old rusty nail or two, or a ‘few drops of tincture of iron in the drinking water, is. a. good tonic, especially if the chicks commence to look pals around the bill, or droopy in any way. I Stale wheat bread crmnbled fine and mixed with hard-boiled egg,“ shell and 311,. is hard to beat; about two tablespoonqu of the latter in a“ cup of crumbs; the combination. justw moistened with. milk and for breakfast and supper. When win my onions um refine: abo'ufu weal ’V meal3 and wheat equal". parts of each, steamed ficrthree 9e ,W’hours. ’ each cupf-‘u-F of two: edfd‘l just before feeding a teaspoonmi of bone. meet: and mix well. I feed three three- a day: all: they will: clean up in five minutes. If you haven’t a steamer, a very good substitute may be. made by getting a two-quart tin. pail with. z a closeufittlng: 1id:-——u lard pail will do; put the: meal in it, pour in sun- ficiem boiling- water'to just moisten» : it ; close: down lid- and: stand in four or aye—quent pail. with'a. tights-fitting z lid; put in- enough boiling water to. reach half way up the sides of the smaner one. After the little chicks are about two weeks: old the lien may be allowed; to wander with them, after the dew is oil' the gone in the» morging, until about 4 in the afternoon. The. pain; o0 mixed seed: can: be removed. and bone and meal omitted (except at supper time, when it is been to continue the been for another two, or three weeks) :1 vary this at noon by' feeding put green. onions. I]: you have very low chicks and they are allowed free- range with a mother hen— they will be able. to pick up all the animal food, they want in the way of gruzbs‘ and other insects—Farm and Ranch. WANTS TO Go INTO 9001mm: BUSINESS We have ten acres 08 land a. quan- ter of a. mile east of OxBow Lake, about four of hard ground, the rest marsh. The Huron Rimes is the north' line. There is an. old house and a chicken coop, and old: shed: or two. What I Wantto know is do you think. it would pay to remodel? the house, buildings and fence. We think we can do it all. for $2,000, and plant berries. There'is a. very small huckleberry marsh. Could we make a living—by a living I mean. comfortable clothes, plenty to eat and the expenses one incurs. We have no children to educate and we are not extravagant, our society is our church. We are nine miles from Pontiac on improved road, nearly everything could be sold at the door. We would also keep chickens and geese—Mrs. H. 0., Pontiac, Mich., -—-It is ‘rather difficult to make a definite answer with only the in- formation at hand. However, if you are experienced in the care of poultry you, no doubt, could keep a flock sufficiently large enough to make a living with what garden stuff you will be able to grow. As to spending $2,000 on im- provements it will depend on the fu- ture possibilities in the way of ex— pansion and increasing. the income. If you have not had’ any experience in poultry raising, I would suggest that you rent some small place well located that has adequate buildings and start in gradual. In this way you can find out whether you like the work and can make it a. profit- able business or not. Then if you feel satisfied you could go ahead and improve your own place or buy one perhaps better situated—F'xT. Ridden, Research Asst. in Farm Management... M. A. C. FEEBING COOKED MATOES 170‘- Are potatoes good for chickens? It so, which. would he the best cooked or raw one for. laying hens?-——Mrs. W. T., Romeo, Mich. LExpeflenced. poultrymen find that; excellent results can be obtained by feeding cooked; potatoes to their lay- ing otmis. The cooked petal-n 13. more palatable than the raw, and the most practical method of feed- ln them is in the form of a. moistened mash. The potatoes should Constitute 40 per cent of the mash mixture. Ordinarily the standard dry mash which consist of equal parts by weight of bran. mid: . (mugs, com ground. outs, and, meat scrap can be mixed with the boiled potatoes and. excellent results secured. The cooked potato contains. Mullen mm 4 1. the consistency tether ~ mash..—-—E...€i’. Penman. 2' 3,3: , Poultry Husbandry; M. A. 6.. -, oil-humid- oats.“ coarse; [corn T3,: Remorse» I ' :- classical“ . ' healthmhudimtrwendacohm. _ l- ;, lei-7mm {m mum comings-cam" “hm” mums-new 1' mmmmlchwmu 7 . . .neds laying strains from "la-"gym" large, vigorous yeara .e m ling hens: raised an. e c..hs§.°gh'f°fiy"fim our farms, and coiled! a ohfi W by expert poultrymen, no. llnorou to our high M. v Ger title (1! Elm Floats, Extra Selected Flocks and :. Blue.- Rilihon; Fem. cheese and boiled“ Myer. chopped with ; Babies”: Fruit & Pushy- Farm: KP; 11.7,. F536. S. Leghorn: Bred foregg production.“ Our Llr the» his. mus. chick that grow to matur— ity in the. sham possible in (Him 32- no! est-Ii: “this price 11‘: We have been carefully_dovolop-- ing our flocks for eight years. Every chick pure bred and from stock cnrefiillylculled for type and production. ur c icks give constriction. Order today and get chicks when you want them. W. Leghorns B. Rocks, R. I. ed . _ ' w. Wyendottes, w. Rocks 8.50 18.00 11.00 Postpaid. 100'}?z live. delivery. _You his no chances Ref. armors & Mechanics Bonk. thin City. No Catalog. Order from this ad. WASHTEMAW I'll-TONER! Geddee Rd, Ann Arbor, Hloh. PURE sum) BABY cmch ' Guaranteed, Certified Tom Barron and Hollywood White Leghorn and Barred Rock chicks uni savings. t growers that will soon earn his profits for you. Book orders now and receive lib- eral disoounLWriteyir tree cate- nlog and price list today. 'IIPEIIIII PIIIUI' FIHI. In”! W. or . -..M¢ hi Roots ....-..t I. Books or Bundle But? 0? ....1%ln Sheppard: financed as Black .lnorcas .... .181: Extra so stantnrd bred 4.00 per 1 0 more. one if 1m 1 ‘ an“ Lawrence "my. BF ll. 1. Grand Rapids. Klein m... mm "s" we.“ ...... .2. 0 TC 6.. a. ’0 ct ' o. med Rocks impact}! 17 am mm- orcu 1.5a- eot‘. , 1. than 100 noted. Hotshint can. . Good; reference. Beckmmm Hatchery. F. 2! I. 3.. Grand Midas. lob. -. I g ctr-hoe ovum! cinema so on m use. nuances. ism our. oil... Mgdgvary . . r ’ ‘ roam-grams. foams-.15. “ 64 EREEBS fiafiwmwemmnm : WWW” incubators atreduoed'prloes. ta! pltant. L valuable lay on on 08 rec. .fifuuouflignmm.m >. ~m . ' rs: mm sturdy, mm W .. _A,~_‘. .« ~, g -Jv - .-,-..r.., _. Nx’,< .. /~\_ " ‘ Mwme-nwu "a... -. w ‘ grade and class as possible. ~ 1‘ ; r .miles. ing,‘ rough handling, improper, pack- .L"'1i‘~ng,‘tfailure to time shipments :ado- Nantageously, and other causes. At- ig-jteut'ion too. few simple rules, says 7 ' the department, will eliminate many ’ “of ‘these troubles. Live poultry Should be graded by age and kind, and the different :classes shipped in separate coops, it is pointed out. Dressed birds should ,nevm‘ be scald picked for a market which prefers them dryypicked. They should be chilled to remove body heat before shipping, and should be packed in barrels or boxes lined with clean paper, and farm dressed birds in warm weather must be packed with alternate layers of cracked ice. The best time of day to forward a shipment depends on the length of ‘the journey and the time the ship- ment will arrive on the market. Live poultry should never arrive late Saturday afternoon, for they may be held over until Monday, and in that _' case will suffer heavy shrinkage. It “Is always desirable to have ship— ments arrive on the market early enough to be weighed the same day. Actual shrinkage on poultry ship- ments varies according to the condi- tion of the birds, the weather, and ~‘th6 length of the journey. Several lots of broilers which were on the road 6 to 8 hours showed a shrink- .age of 5 to 15 per. cent, and a gener- al average of 11 per cent. Producers are advised not to feed ‘ poultry before shipping unless the birds will not arrive until the follow- ing day. It is desirable to have poultry arrive with empty crops. When it arrives with full crops, it is said to be “croppy” and the receiv- er may hold it overnight before weighing_or may make a deduction “in the weight to allow for the croppy condition. In marketing dressed \poultry, says the department, it us- ually pays to fatten the birds before ~marketing. . In cooping poultry for shipment, the birds should be graded so that ea.ch lot is as uniform in color, size, Uui- form iots, says department special- ists, are more attractive, .and sell more readily and for a better price. Gulls, weaklings, and cripples should not be mixed with better quality stock, because they may die {on route, and in any case will lower ‘the appearance of the entire lot. Crowding should be avoided not only to prevent killing of the birds, but to prevent bruising, which causes poultry to dress out poorly. Raising market poultry is not yet “much specialized in this country. There is some specialization in pro- ducing chickens ,near Philadelphia and Boston and on Long Island, but the great bulk of mar‘ketpo‘ultry is a by—product incidental to the pro- duction of eggs. On general farms, poultry is kept to supply eggs and poultry for the table, and to produce eggs for sale. Poultry is likewise .a secondary consideration on special- ized egg farms. iOhickens are reared and market- ed in considerable numbers in var- ious areas in the East and on the Pacific coast, but the greater supply is produced on general farms in the East North Central and West North Gentral States. According to the census of 1919, :Iowa led in the number of chickens raised, with 31,- 076,91, followed in order by Illinois, Missouri, Togas, Indiana, Kansas, Ohio, Oklahoma, Nebraska and Pen- -nsylv.ania. Total value of the poul— try raised in this country in 1922 was $381,178,000, of which amount chickens accounted for $354,199,- 000. , Since the States of the Middle West not only raise more poultry that have a greater surplus above their own needs than any other see- ~ flan. the "poultry marketing problem is one of moving birds from the sources of production to the con- comters in the best possible condition and at the lowest cost. In the «shipment of poultry to New 101k therein on mouse haul of For efliciency and my in handling, the poultry anal his cum mmr at central- on . 9.1:; t o-- 1’ , ,_ . W p y, tee Department of Agri-g-«auV-m(bnnds of dealers. culture- Losses Occur from-.crowd-g '— “ “‘38 QW‘W ton to the proposi- anfia a. - mu" our business is chiefly “ Tflfi we: 1”“ I gAND SUCH EGGS CUT PROFITS IRT,Y eggs on the market sell for a’ low price. ‘Usually they do not bring more than half the price of fresh clean eggs- Dirty‘ eggs, which have been washed, are considered by the trade poorer in quality than dirty eggs, due to the fact that in washing the protective ’albuminous covering on the egg is destroyed causing the egg to dry out more rapidly. . A few soiled eggs in a “case of fresh eggs detract greatly from its appearance, and appearance is one of the most important qualities in the sale of any food product. Very frequently eggs, which are only slightly soiled, can be cleaned with a stiff brush. Others can be cleaned by wiping the soiled part of the egg with a damp cloth, and al- lowing it to dry naturally. Eggs which are very dirty, or badly “staina ed, should not be shipped. Such eggs should be used at home, or sold locally. The most important thing, how- ever, ‘is to produce only clean eggs. Eggs become dirty generally because the hens’ feet are dirty. The hens’ feet become dirty because they are not provided with sufficient clean lit— ter, when they are allowed out in muddy yards on wet and stormy days, and when the dropping boards are not cleaned off and the hens are allowed to track over them on their way to the nests. The lack of nesting material and too few nests cause eggs to become broken and, other eggs smeared. ‘ How to‘overcome most of these conditions is obvious. To keep the hens off the dropping boards, poul— try wire may be tacked on the und- er side of the roosts, and out to the edge of the drooping board, a scheme frequently used by commerc- ial poultrym-en. Since eggs are the principal pro- duct. that poultry keepers are try- ing to produce, it is essential, as a business proposition that they be produced under conditions which will insure their full value. DO KENS GET T00 FAT? 7 «first-class layers, no! Not in- frequently owners get worried about their hens, particularly Leg- horns, getting too fat. We have yet to see any considerable number in a given pen that could be consid- ered overfat for egg production. As a matter of fact, the moderately fat hen is most always the laying hen. And more often than not the prime cause of a low eggdyield is the ex- cess number of underfa‘t hens in the flock. There is no use expecting or trying to get a satisfactory lay from thin hens or those not well supplied with surplus body tissue. The egg is an overproduction and not form~ ed where the body requires for maintenance all of the nourishment supplied through the daily“ food stream. Unhappily We are too apt to deal. in excesses. ‘We get the idea that if a little is good a whole lot must be better, and vice versa. Some one started preaching that fat hens don’t '“lay and then the idea spread like wildfire even to the feeding and management of the young stock and pullets. True, one might feed a lop-sided ration and lay on a soft, flabby fat, but it is not commonly done. We have found the lop-sided ration at times, but usually thin stock rather than fat on account of it. There is a great difference in flesh that is worked on the frame by exercise and liberal feeding and the flabby fat accumulated by heavy pen feeding. The former is very much to be desired—fine, solid, plump bodies, with 'a good blanket of fat just under the skin does much to make comfort and egg records dur- ing winter “months. Haphazard pen feeding is not the my to pnofitable keeping. A hen Ila/m like a machine“ gm amp to .1 contain production. a talus enough he! an «the hopper a Melina mwumfity. We (than “-33 lots. : liens and bullets $2.50 your poultry yard. Feed Of all nerve tonics. hold still. her hop around. eat. just get eggs—eggs. an industrious hen. breakfast. 100 hens, the lZ-lb. pkg. 60 hens, the 5-lb. pkg. DR. HESS & CLARK See to it that there is song and cackle, scratch and action, gomg on in That’s when the eggs come. Dr. Hess Poultry PAN-A-«CE-A See them get busy. It gives hens pep. Nux Vomica is what does it—that greatest A Pan—a-ce-a hen can’t It’s her good feeling that makes Pan-a-ce—a has Quassia in it to make hens hungry. Great combination! One makes them eat—the other helps them digest what they No dormant egg organs when that com- bination gets to work on a hen’s system. You A Pan—a—ce—a hen is always a hungry hen—— She gets off the roost winter mornings, ready to scratch for her Tell your dealer how many hens you have. There’s a right-Size package for eVery flock. 200 hens, the 25-lb. pail 500 hens, the lOO-lb. drum For fewer hens, there is a smaller package. GUARANTEED 'Lous'e'KillEr- Kills Lice I spent :0 yea/rs in perfect- i/ng Pan-a—ce-a. GILBERT Hess M.D.. D.V.S. Ashland, O. :utulog and price list. your order. Get lowest HOLLAND HATCHERY & POULTRY FARM, R. 7, Holland. Mich. l‘PofiifiY‘li-fiEEDER/S" DiRECTORY —' HGHEST QUALlTY CERTIFIED BABY CHICKS M Michigan’s ()ld Reliable Hatchery, the best equipped and most modern Hatchery v , in tlic State. I "a l’ure Bred 'l‘om Barron English and Amcricznl Wlutc lmglmrus, Anco‘nas, Barred l'lvmouth Rocks nYHl Rhode Island Reds. Strong, “'ell-h‘vtt'lM-(l (.lucks from a tested Hoganized Free—range stock tluzt nunkc wonderful \vmth' lnyvrs. . (‘bicks acnt by Insured l’nrcel l’ost propoilluo your floor. 1000/}, live .de- livery guaranteed. Sixteen years of exponent-v in producing and shipping (.lucks giving absolute. satisfaction to tllousuiuls. Write for valuable illustrated free price on best quality Chicks before plach NIL-LETS, HENS AND COGKEBELS S. C. White Leghorns and S. C. and It. 0. lllack Minorcas. Must make room before cold \Vt'zllllCl‘. About ready to lay. L’APHAM FARMS. H h Grade Utlllty Cockerels For Sale—April halgclied—White ’Wyundottcs. Barred Rocks and White Leghorns. C W. Helmbach, Big Rapids. R. 5. Michigan. . —8 JERSEY BLACK GIANT Roosters $5.00 each. MRS. BESSIE JACOBS, Lindon, Mlch.. R. 2. Plnckney, Mlch. LEGHORNS LEGHORNS f Le horn Ilene, Pallets and Cockerels. s. C. But g Ieach; (tztockerfels $3. 0 so . 0 ch. Show bins a ma er 0 correspon . :30: elfA-PHIM FARMS, Plnckney. Mich. RHODE ISLAND REDS RHODE “ISLAND REDS TOMPKINS STEAM! to make room for you stock. I will sell after November 1. 1923. 50 year old hens at $2.00 cadmaiéb 1 ears old~hens at $8 00 each; wcock- : an year . l r their pullet yaw breeder of Rhode Island Beds. WM. 1!. FM. New flammore, Mich" I. ‘I. I8). E. R& I. Rig cocgznfings P6135 BRED ’ ar an even or. an to ' ‘ your: «menu 3. SM Mon-lo. fill-ll" R. 1. a. 1:. m..mnou.. (W “1'4ng ~m.%t23=3 Advertisements inscrtcd under this liczuliug at 30c, _pcr agate line, per issue. Commcrciztl Baby Chick advertiscnwnis 45c pcr llnc. “'rlie out what a you have to offer and send it in. We will put it in typo. scnd proof and quote rates by return mail. Address The Michigan “USHH‘SS Farmer, Advertising l Department, Mt. Clemens, Michigan. In ()ltl’lNGTONS BUFF onmaum °°°“.E§.:L§:£:‘1m‘~ A. J. BREWBAKER. Elsle, Michigan. \VYAN DOT’l'E S Sliver Wyandottes. troxt nud (‘llicugm and $6 each. Prize Winning Strain Do- Some flue stock now fill, $5, Alvah Stagenga, Portland, Mich. White WyandotteéCockerels, $3 each Wayne Ohlpman, R. . 2, Washington, Mlch. BARRED ROCKS BARRED ROCK COOKEREL‘S AND PULLETS from America’s best prize-winning laying strains. A C Winners of 18 first prizes at Detroit and M. . . . the last two seasons. Low prices. TOLLES BROS" B. 1-0. St. Johns, Mbh. ANOONAS S. 0. Best. $5.00 others at $4.00, $3.00 :and ANCGNI COOKERE‘L'S SHEPPARDB 32.20. H. SMI‘HI. Rapid City. Mich" R 0E0“. r- PLYMOUTH ROCKS COOKERELB, THOMPSON STRAIN august» , um 13/ “magic. a“ is $33.6 , 2v or mar-ow”): .a kLOMP, 8:. charts. ‘( Continued on Page 128') < u Send sketch or model today for exeminetion and report. Record dissolution blank onwhlch to disclose Your in- ventionend new guide book. “How to Obtain aPamt" sent tree. m tnsss assured. Highest references. Wmnronar. LABENOE A. O’BRIEN, Registered Patent Lawyer, 155-0 Security Savings & Com'l Bonk Bldg.. directly across street from Patent Ofice. Wuh- zton. D. C. For Simgpickens eur,ceuu,csu.‘ n. Ll.ete..ishs yeuunlu. Easy 10 core or prevent. "he Lee Way" look, as peace. by GEO. H LEE. tells swiped", ailments, how to detect .11th to do. etc. ‘ Germosone (15o and $1.50 sizes) and this FREE book a! W clued stores. or postpeid from GOES TO THE SPOT cm. p. as 00. Omaha. New. Continued from Page 27) PLYMOUTH ROCKS Barred Rock Cookerels. Husky, { bred from. great layers. Sons of Detroit and Grand BaéJIds lst nze males. ‘ W. o. offman, enton Harbor, Mich., R. 3. BARRED ROCK COOKERELS BRED FROM Holtermsns Ped ed. Aristocrats direct. Both Light and Dark. Price $4.00, two for $7.00. N. AYERS & SON. Silverwood, Michigan. TURKEYS WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS. _ right and have success. We have been shipping from this one farm for 38 ears and have de veloped a large hardy strain t at stands the test. Address stunt ed envelo ie for quick reply. ALDEN W ITOOMB, yron Center, Michigan. GIANT MAMMOTH. BRONZE T U R K E V 8. Very lar e birds. ’l‘hclr sire weighs 40 lbs. Toms, $10.00- 1200—$15.00- Hens, $7.00»$i).00. MRS. WILL DILLMAN, Cassopolis. Mich., R. 5. GET STA RTE D PURE BRED WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS For Sale. Youn' Toms, $10; liens, $8. Two year old Torus, $15 each. Early hatched birds. MRS. ED. COLLING, Mayville, Mich., R. D. Highest Quality. White Holland Turkeys. hardy, home-lovmg birds. Real producers. $11.00~$14.00, liens, $10.00-$12.00. Alvah Stegenga, Portland, Michigan. Large, Toms Michigan's Best Giiant Bronze Turkeys. Ameri- ca 8 best strains Vigorous breeders, both utility and fancy. Extra good values 1n 'oung toms. N Evalyn Ramsdeii, IonIa, M chigan. STRAIN BOURBON GIANT Red Turkeys MRS. RENA MEEK, Belmont, Michigan. Pure Bred Mammoth Bronze Toms One 2 Year old hardy beautiful well marked birds. Write for prices. Mrs. Griffin, Riverdaie, Michigan. GI_AN_T BRONZE TURKEYS FROM PRIZE \V1n_ g birds. Large, healthy, unrelated stock furms ed. Mrs. La Verne Browneli, Belmont, Mich. BRONZE TURKEYS, LARGE beautiful birds. Write for prices. MRS. BEN JOHNSTON. Onaway, Mich., R. 1, Mammoth Bronze Turkeys. Goldbank strain. Unrelated stock. Vigorous healthy birds. \Vrite for prices. Mrs. Perry Stebbins, Saranac, Mich. HIGHEST PRICES PAID FOR LIVE AND Dressed Poultry, Teal. Rabbits, etc. A square denl always. \Vr1tr to, C. E. McNEILL 3: co. 328 W. South Water St.. Chicago If Ruptured Try This F rec Apply it to Any Rupture, Old or Recent, Large or Small and You are on the Road That Has Convinced Thousands Sent Free to Prove This Anyone ruptured, man, woman or child, should write at once to W. S. Rice, 529C Main St., Adams, N. Y., for a free trial of his wonderful stimulating application. Just put it on the rupture and the muscles begin to tighten; they begin to bind to- gether so that the opening closes naturally and the need of a support or truss or appliance is then done away with. Don’t neglect to send for this free trial. Even if your rupture doesn’t bother you what is the use of wearing supports all your life? Why suffer this nuisance? Why run the risk of gangrene and such dan— gers for a small and innocent little rup- ture, the kind that has throWn thousands on the operating table? A host of men and women are daily runnin such risk just because their ruptures 0 not hurt nor prevent them from getting around. Write at once for this free trial, as it is certainly a wonderful thing and has aided in the cure of ruptures that were as big as a. man’s two fists. Try and write at once, using the coupon below. Free for Rupture W. S. Rice, Inc.. 5290 Main st. Adams, N. Y. You may send me entirely free 8 Sam le Treatment of your stimulating applrcatlon for rupture Name ..... m... ...... .... ..I'.'. .......... .. Address - - ‘ " State Vigorous Birds _ ' tised i ‘. use 77 hens than there ,arewg'ood. feeders. And the. conviction applies 'even more strongly to pullets. Too many pullets start into production with the severe handicap 0f being under weight, with not enough surplus fatty tissue to maintain bodily re- quirements, energy and heat, and make eggs at the same time. they come into maturity a certain reserve is stored up and this enables egg production to begin, but unless the feeding program is such as to maintain this reserve the task of completing growth, feathers and lay- ing eggs is so great that they cannot carry the entire load. Self-preser- vation is the first law of nature, therefore egg production stops, and usually a molt begins, the extent of which depends on how severe the strain on the system has been—or, in" other words, how deficient the feeding schedule. One might as well attempt to build a house on a foundation of sand and expect it to stand as to try to maintain production with unde- veloped or under nourished pullets. It can’t be. done. While we accept a good mash as the maturing feed, it can be and fre- quently is used with lack of judg- ment. A narrow ration will tend to force the flock and may develop some that will lay in four, to four and one-half months, but it does not supply the frame and foundation to stand the strain of heavy produc— As- , ' ea rge. n » ” ' but alsoremeuiber the whole gr The ‘ old-fashioned homily I still works wonders. “Take one pail of! feed and tWO pails of hard common ‘sense into the poultry yard and feed both at the same time.”——'Joseph E. Davis in the Utah Farmer. ADVANCE IN FARM WAGES DUR- ING YEAR ARMERS were required to pay higher wages to male farm lab- or during 1923 than in the two preceding years, the United States Department of Agriculture reports. The average rate per month with board in 1923 was $33.18, in 1922 it was $29.17, and in 1914 the rate was $21.05. The average monthly rate without board in 1923 was $46.91, in 1922 it was $41.79, and in 1914 the rate was $29.38. Day wages for harvest labor, with board averaged $2.45 in 1923, as compared with $2.20 in 1922 and with $1.55 in 1914. For farm labor other than at harvest time the rate per day with board was $1.93 in 1923, as compared with $1.65 in 1922, and with $1.13 in 1914. The peak year in wages of farm labor in recent years was 1920, the department points out. The defla- tion of general prices then began and farm wages continued to decline until the fall of 1922, when an up- ward trend developed. RADIO DEPARTMENT INFORMATION ON AERIAL I am planning on purchasing a a radio receiving set soon and am writing to you for information on the aerial. I have read that one should have 100 feet of wire in their aerial and I have noticed that some fellows have four wires, others three, still other two and many only one. Which do you consider the best? Can one use insulated wire? Can more than one set be operated on one aeria1?—R. B., Saginaw County, Mich. —There is some misunderstanding about serials. Some believe that an aerial composed of four wires 25 feet long is just as good as one wire 100 feet long. This is not true, the latter being by far the best, and for the average set the one Wire 100 feet long is better than an aerial of two, three. or four wires of that length. The single Wire permits of more selective tuning. Yes, you can use insulated wire and get as good results as you can from a bare wire. Two receiving set cannot be used on one aerial with any degree of satis- faction as tuning one set puts the other out of tune; also the signal strength is reduced when two sets are used on one aerial. We have heard of cases where two sets have given good' results on one antenna when near a powerful sending sta- tion. However such results are to be classed as freakish. RADIO AN IMPORTANT FARM IM- PLEMENT, SURVEY SHO‘VS HE importance of radio in the T production and marketing of agricultural products is brought out in a special survey of about 1200 representative farmers, just com- pleted by the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture. More than 50 per cent of the 1200'farmers reply— ing reported that they owned tube sets employing three or more tubes, while approximately 50 per cent of the farmers reporting have home- made sets ranging from simple crys- tal detectors to tube sets. More that 75 different makes of seas were found among the manu- factured sets purchased, although the bulk of the sets were confined to about 15 of the leading makes that are more or less widely adver— in radio and general maga- zines. The average costot the man— ufactured sets was $172. Comparatively few of the OWners of home-made sets operate crystal receivers, the survey revealed. The average cost .of the crystal sets was $11. The average cost of-.~the5h9me- made tube sets.w=as'$83.’ W ' / .‘ Eighty pet” cent? of thesej farmers said’insrrrerg' rammed “.tfl‘rvwre ing 'both wedther"and "market re: 9001', etc. , ports. The survey was made in practically every State in the Union, the most numerous replies coming from Illinois, Iowa, Texas, Kansas, Ohio, New York, Missouri, and Indi- ana. KEEP AERIAL AWAY FROM ELECTRIC LIGHT WIRES HRISTMAS radio sets, given with wishes for health and hap- piness, may become messengers of death unless care is used in erect- ing serials. Aerials should not be strung across electric light wires, either in— doors or out. The ends of the an- tenna. should be securely fastened against wind and also against the added weight of ice-covered wires. One end broken loose, may be car— ried against a heavily charged elec— tric line and lead a dangerously high current into the house. A warning similar to this one, Sent out last year by the Michigan Committee of Public Utility Infor- mation met with instant response but during the past few days the Christmas radio sets have been call- ed upon to provide a means of for- getting real winter weather. Out- door antennas have been carelessly erected, and in some instances the “Best Wishes” will be enjoyed only by the “heirs and assigns.” DID YOU KNOW THIS? It is a good idea. to mount your tube sockets so that if anyone walks across the room the vibration will not cause your set to ring or get it out of tune. This can be done by mounting each one on a piece of in— ner tube. Take one of the old tubes you have thrown away and cut out pieces to the same size as the base of the tube socket. You can use two pieces under each tube if you wish but one Will do the trick very satisfactorily. If you have no auto- mobile maybe your neighbor will give you a good size piece from one of his old tubes. * It It To get the best results from WD- 12 tubes it, is desirable to use two dry cell batteries connected in mul- tiple for each tube. Thus, in con~ nection with a. 3 tube set best re~ sults will be obtained when 6 cells are used, all connected in multiple. And it is also cheaper than one cell for each tube. FREE BOOK ABOUT CANCER The Indianapolis. Cancer Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana, has published a booklet which gives interesting facts about the cause of Cancer, also. “tells What to do for pain, bleeding, A. valuable'guide . in the j ' "management-“of any case'.”‘-Write’ far it today, mentioning this paper.(Adv t A' Remarkable" H o m e ‘ Treatmth Given by One Who Had It. In the year of 1893 I was attacked by Mus- cular and Sub-acute Rheumatism. I suffered as only those who are thus affhcted know, for over three years. I trled remedy after remedy, but such rehef as I ob- tainedwas only tempor- ary. Flnally, I found a treatment that cured me completely, and such a p1t1ful condltlon has never returned. I have g1ven 1t to a num- ber who were termny afflicted, even bedrid- den, some of them sev- enty to elghty' years old, and the , results were the same as in my own case. I want every sufferer from any form of mus- cular .and sub - acute ( swelling. at the joints) rheumatSIm, to try the great value of my im- proved “Home Treat- ment” for 1ts remarka- ble healing power. D0 notsend a cent; simply" mall your name and ad- s. and I will send it free to try: After you have used 1t and it has proven itself to be that long-looked—for vmeans of getting rid of such forms of rheumatism, you may send the price of 1t, one dollar, but un- derstand, I do not want your money unless you are perfectly satisfied to. send 1t. Isn’t that fau'? Why suffer any longer when relief is thus offered you free? ‘ Don’t delay. Write to- day. MARK I H. JACKSON 5N0. 265-K‘ Durston SYRACUSE}, Y. ' Mufeckson is Imperial-hie. l, ' mm- true. u. '. ‘ a} WWW "flan-u. . ..,~_—. -1 “A . «MW I. --_.. A-.. A A. . , .9 -A..~w" 'r ¢"‘~“ A «.4 H‘.--H ’s YEW!” ' " ‘ “HAHA‘g-.c ' . , ‘ ~<> was—r tie—x ~.f«-.~\fl.-.v.w,_ fix. V V /“-' ‘ . um. /..\_\‘ 4 i. \WM/v «trflfi‘vwv. N“? A” :' j :3 .,,. NIWr «MW u”: 0! es muncmum. over’ previoue' montb‘:in...‘ " I "Decréssed overprevions month in... ...“. ' j FARM INCOME: I ‘ . , . ’ ’ Cash receipts of farmers in the United States from sales of all products were fourteen billion dollars in the crop year ending June 30, 1920. years later the income had fallen almost to. one-half this amount. The following year it showed a gain of one and one-half billion dollars and this crop year another gain of one-half billion dollars. Farm cash returns come from crops, 50 per cent; livestock, 26 per cent; and animal products, 24/per cent. This year cotton is yielding the most money, followed in order by dairy products, cattle, hogs, wheat and poultry. ‘ in the decline from the peak of prosperity crops showed the greatest loss and animal products the least, the decline in crop sales being 53 per cenrg, livestock, 50 per cent, and animal products, 20 per cent. ' WHEAT: ‘ Wheat is the only important product returning less money each year since It promises to yield this season only one- Acreage sown to winter wheat this fall After allowing for probable the break in general prices in 1920. third of the income of the peak year. is estimated to be 12 per cent less than last fall. domestic requireifirents for the full crop year, and exports to December 1, wheat east of the Rockies remaining for carryover and export is estimated at 65 With seven months remaining for exporting, this represents a small amount for this territory which must be supplemented by wheat brought from the‘west coast or imported from Canada, or domestic consumption must be further reduced. Consumption is already at low ebb, the average per capita for the last three years being 4.22 bushels, compared with 5.06 bushels for the million bushels. five-year pre-war period. 1. Production and Trade. I. Agriculture: December, 1923 Estimate 1922 Corn, bu. . _. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3054 2906 Wheat, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 786 868 Oats, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1300 1216 Barley, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198 182 Rye, bu. . . . . 63 103 Buckwheat, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . 14 15 Potatoes, white, bu . . . . . . . . 412 453 Potatoes, sweet, bu . . . . . .. 97 109 Cotton, bales . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.081 9.8 :l‘obacco, lb. . . . . . . . . . . 1475 1247 Flaxseed, bu. 17 10 Rice, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 41 Peaches, bu. . . . . . . . . . .. 46 56 Apples, total, bu . . . . . . . . . . 197 203 Apples, commercial, bu. . . . 34 32 sugar beets, tons......... 6.9 5.2 ‘As per cent of average 01' 1917-1921. I. Wheat Situation: (Nat C. Murray. Clement Curtis 6: Co.) (000,000 omitted) U. B. Production—000,000 omitted. Average 1917-1921 Per Cent 2931 835 1378 192 70 East of West of Supply: Rockies Rockies Carried over, July 1, 1923 . . . . . . . . . . . 91 10 Production, 1923 crop . . . . . . . . . . . . . ._ . 645 137 Total supply . . . . . . 736 147 A Distribution : Dometisc requirements for food, teed - and seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 583 51 Excess feeding . . . . .. 28 7 Total domestic requirements. . . . . . . 611 . 58 ExportedtoDecember 60 30 Total.. . . . . . . . . . . . ..67 88 Remainder for carryover and export. . . . 65 59 I. Mining (Federal Reserve Bank of New York): J'igures express production as s percent of normal. mating normal production, due allowance is made for seasonal variation and year to year growth. Anthracite coal .............. .. .. Bituminous coal ................ 99 8e. Manufacturing: Wheat flour . . . . . .104 Sugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 137 Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 94 Wool.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1011' Pig iron . . . . . .. 98 Steel ingot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 101 Copper.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1071' Gasoline.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ' Automobiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 159i 0 Not available. iPrellmlnary. 4. Building Expenditures (Bradetreets): (000,000 omitted) 1928 first quarter Secnd quarter 830 Third quarter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690 October . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 276 November. . .254 5. Transportation (000 omitted) : Week Same Ending Week Dec. 1, Month l‘retgbt car loadings: 1923 Ago Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835 1035 Grain and grain products. . 46 48 Livestock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 44 Goal... 157 180 v due . . . . . . . . '“'°‘f‘."'.°....“.’... 12 2;: Merchandise . . . . . . . 215 ‘ Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . 298 882 fAs percentage of week year ego. : men ': 6.“ Enelov t A I f r h 99 .. . 81 Oct., 1923 Sept, 1923 Oct, 1922 95 35 95 v ov.. Oct. 928 ’- 19” t ' 31 ' a: 1923‘ 104 94 94 103 90 93 106 103 89 108 170 81 107 123 131 96 Total 101 782 883 634 35 669 90 759 124 in esti- 91 Per cent Increase Nov., 1922 :? Two HOGS: last. PRICES: 7. Bank Debits: New York City..................$19.93 Outside bank debits...;......... 18.52 8. Mail Order Sales: November, Montgomery ar .. Sears Roebuck... 20,416,166 20,196,559 I. Exports (000 omitted): October, Commodity: 1923 1922 Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . .339. .814 $366,186 Beef and veal, 1b . . . . . . . . . 2,535 2,978 Pork, lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,551 57.62 Lard, lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,378 66,332 Butter, lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 344 524 Cheese, lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 331 308 Hides, skins . . . . . . . . . . . ..$ 650 380 Corn. bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 528 10,149 Meal and flour, bbl . . . . . . . 40 41 Wheat, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9,239 18,282 Flour, bbl. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 2,092 1,510 Oats, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 258 3,042 Meal and rolled, lb . . . . . .. 17,275 13,036 Fruits and nuts . . . . . . . . ..8 12.130 10,162 Vegetable oils . . . . . . . . . ..$ 751 1,011 Sugar, lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,209 13,200 Tobacco, 1b. . . . . . . . . . . . .. 44,958 58,353 Cotton, lb. 405,940 418,367 2. imports: (000 omitted) Grand total . . . . . . . . . . . . $308,366 $345,104 Beef and veal, lb . . . . . . . . 3,174 4,504 Pork, lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 54 Butter, lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,202 232 Cheese, lb. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,609 6,776 Hides and skins. . . . . . . . .8 6,507 13,487 Corn, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 3 Wheat, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,834 2,566 Flour, bbl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 51 ate, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8 Fruits and nuts . . . . . . . . . .6 7,375 8,724 Vegetable oils . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3,860 5,166 Sugar. lb. 623,976 432,456 Tobacco, lb. . . . . . . . . , 6,295 Wool, lb. 9,566 25,260 3. Prices of Foreign Drafts: 6. )Btlsliidss Failures: -' . .461 “ 52' T. ; ls1 p,- s peters-0.0.0:.obsess-:90 5.,J. _. 2 per cent. COTTON: Cotton shows a small production gain and large price gain, with additional income of something like 30 per cent over last year. Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia and Arkansas, have decidedly smaller crops than last season and the higher price will not make up for the reduced. output. Texas and the Carolinas have had big yields. . ' (Units of $1,000,000.000) Nov.,1923 0ct.,1923 5 $191 19.75 Eleven Months Ending November, 923 1922 1923 2 .....814.112,312 $11,003,750 $119,581,453 $ 80,854,890 ll. Foreign Trade. 194,742,706 161,419,528 Ten Months Ending October, 1923 1922 $3,275,804 $3,051,292 24.246 28,224 757,354 563,887 862,552 626,033 4,941 10,012 7,696 4,367 3,349 3.278 39,188 151,330 554 534 89,435 144,438 12,743 x 11,968 3,084 27,066 119,164 88,686 49.741 53,772 8,544 10.793 433,910 1,822,041 375,594 354,167 1,911,058 2,392,148 $3,212,520 8 3 57,043 7,096,618 50,605 372.639 Price of Demand Drafts Nominal Gold Value Dec. 18, Nov. 19, Per of Exchange 1923 1923 England . . . . . $4.87 to 1 £ sterling. . .6437 $4.33 France ........19.3cw 1 franc . . . . .. 5.20%c 5.35c Sweden . . ....26.8c to lcrown .....26.32c 26.350 Holland . . . . . .40.2c to 1 florin . . ..38.11c 37.64c Argentine . . . .42.5c to 1 peso .. . . . . .32.25c 30.63c Japan . . .....49.9cw1yen .......46.80c 48.13c lll. Money and Credit. Ten Months Ending I. Gold Movement (000 omitted) : ‘ Octob Oct., 1928 Oct, 1922 1923 Exports of gold. . . . . . .8 1,307 $17,591 . 8 27,185 imports of gold . . . . . . . 29,858 20,866 250,379 2. Federal Reserve Ratio: Dec. 15, Nov. 17, 1923 ‘ 1923 Ratio of total reserves to deposits and Federal Reserve note liabil- ites.. 75.3% 75.6% 3. interest Rate: Nov., Oct. 1923 1923 4-6 mos. commercial paper. . . . . . . . . . . 5.19% 5.35% 60-90 days commercial paper. . . . . . . . . 5.09% 5.12% 4.‘ Stock and Bond Prices: Dec. 7. Nov. 9. r 1923 1923 see-IOIIOOII .0 Industrial stocks . .' . . . .. . .. ... 93.80 91.14 40 Bonds . . 86.80 86.79 ‘ ’ é—Week Ending— , Dec. 6,1923 Nov.,s. 1923 Dec. 8, 1922 383 7. Nov., 1922 Sales $19.03 17.13 2,527,153 31,502 639 2.967 33,019 81,915 100 16,886 603 1,279 57,703 50.987 8,866,467 57,823 303,894 Dec. 19, 1922 $4.61 6.83c 26.89c 39.82c 37.90c 48.95c l "1922 this quantity which the same~ amount of farm products would 3 30,734 purchase in October, 1923. Prices at the farm are used for 230 422 agricultural products, and wholesale prices at central markets for ' other commodities. All Com- Cloths, Fuel, Metals, Buildin H Dee: 13' modlties etc. etc. etc. Mtls. 1922 Cotton . . . . . . .152 117 135 163 127 127 Corn . . . . . . . . . 92 71 82 100 78 - 77 Wheat . . . . . . . 79 61 70 85 67 66 75.1% Hay . . . . . . . . . 74 57 66 80 62 62 . Potatoes . 84 65 75 91 71 71 Beef cattle . . . 61 47 54 65 51 51 Nov., H 63 49 56 68 53 ‘ 53 1922 100 115 139 109 108 438% 80 92 112 87 87 432% 111 129 156 121 12' Average purchasing power of all farm products in terms of all Dec, 3, other commodities. Same basis as above table. 1922 1918 December. 1921 62 ssevlseysvtcldloflnolb‘ll' o............... .. .................... H ...............84 'April, 70‘ m Gendeess-sseseoeslsee 6:.A 78 Certain states, including Marketings of hogs have been 25 per cent larger this calendar year than These enormous sales brought in 1 per cent more cash. Low prices of corn two years ago gave impetus to pork.production. Contrary influences now working to check production may be expected to have a marked effect on'pork prices by the latter part of 1924. CAI ILE: The range cattle industry is still confronted with an unprofitable and declining market. around 12 per cent of total sales of cattle. fat cattle have been sold this year than last at slightly higher prices. GENERAL BUSINESS: Last spring business was headed toward a boom, which was checked and followed by a small decline. general that 1924 will be a moderately good business year. of feeders coming mainly from the range make up Three per cent more pounds of This in turn has been checked. The belief is The general price level, as computed by the U. 5. Bureau of Labor Statistics, has declined 3 per cent since a year ago. Farm purchasing power, on the basis figured by the U. S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics, is 10 per cent above this date last year, Farm products have gained IV. Prices. 1. Wholesale Prices of Farm Commodities: Quotations at Chicago except as noted. Dec. 18, Month Year 1923 Ago Ago Fat hogs, cwt., average . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6.95 68.’ Beef steers, good native, (‘wt., uv....s 9.50 $ 9:00 3 Fat lambs, cwt., average , . . . . . . . . .. 12.50 12.25 1395 Fat sheep, cwt., average . . . . . . . . . . .. 6.75 7.25 720 Wriifil, tChi? Delainc unwashed, lb. ' 05 on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .545 . . Butter, 92 score, lb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .53 Choose, No. 1 twins, lb . . . . . . . . . . . .. .22 .24 .2675 Eggs, fresh firsts, (107. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .40 .50 '51 Poultry, hens, lb . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .18 .1725 '175 Wheat, No. 2 hard, bu . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1.08 1.045 128 Corn, No. 2 mixed, bu . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .7223 :7675 0:113, No. 2 white, bu . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .45 .44 475 liye, No. 2, bu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .70 .71 I915 Barley, bu. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .67 .605 .672 Kafir, No. 2 white, cwt. (K. C.)..... 1.295 1.725 1.68 Hay, N0. 1 timothy, ton . . . . . . . . . . .. 26.00 27.50 21.00 Flax, No. 1 bu. (at Minneapolis) . . 2.445 2.4125 2.72 Cotton, middling, lb. (New York) . . .. .355 .3535 .262 Beans, White, cwt., f. o. 1). Michigan. 5.05 5.35 7.75 Potatoes, northern whites, cwt . . . . .. 1.10 1.00 1.00 Onions, midwest yellows, cwt . . . . . . .. 2.15 2.65 2.50 Apples, winter varieties, bbl . . . . . . .. 5.10 5.25 5.25 Hides, No. 1 native, heavy, ll) . . . . . .. .135 .14 .2025 Sixgar, flue granulated, lb. (N. Y.) . .. .089 .0885 .0705 2. U. S. Department of Labor Relative Wholesale Prices: Prices in year 1913 equal 100. Nov.,1923 Oct.,1923 Nov.,1922 All commodities (weighed average or general price level) . . . . . . . . . .. 152 153 156 Farm products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 146 144 143 Food products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 148 ~ 148 143 Cloths and clothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 201 199 192 Fuel and lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 167 172 218 Metals and metal products . . . . . . . .. 141 142 133 Building materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 181 182 185 Chemicals and drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 130 129 127 House furnishings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 176 183 ', 179 Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 118 120 122 3. Prices of Farm Products at the Farm Relative to His: (U. S. Bureau of Agricultural Economics) Prices in year 1913 equal 100. Commodity: Oct.,1923 Sept, 1923 Oct., 1921 Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 232 219 181 Corn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 141 144 106 Wheat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 121 119 125 Hay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 113 113 100 Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 129 156 98 Beef cattle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 93 97 93 Hogs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 97 104 111 Eggs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 198 167 . 195 Butter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 159 , 153 143 Wool. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 221 222 193 4. Relative Purchasing Power of Farm Products: (U. 8. Bureau of Agricultural Economics) The quantity of various commodities which a giVen amount of‘ each farm product would purchase at prices prevailing in 1913 is put equal to 100. The figures given represent the percentage of s ... egie---.-seese.1 Odour ' ‘ >462 _ . Q4 [IOOIO'OOIICOOOVIVOO| “—..—.~. 4,: ~ «I. «av-2.; ‘ 59+. Jan; s...‘ " 4' , Es: .. -_ “an; “. ... g «:.=:.—=—.~::w» «am—n e aw...“ .... cg... . 32.1.. “a. Foors's MARKET BY W. W. FO'O’TE The Year's Business HE year just closed was a good~ one for business in most re— ‘ spects, with farmers sharing in the prosperity, but one crop farmers failed: to make good, this applying especially to those who devoted. most of their efiorts to growing. wheat and raising hogs. Obviously, what is needed in the wheat states is a di- versified system of farming, and" it is gratifying to hear that wheat farm— ers in lowa and other states are re- ducing their wheat acreage. The domestic trade of the“United States has expended rather surprisingly, largely as a result of employment of labor at high wages and a-fair in- crease in our population through births and immigration, despite the restrictions placed by the govern- ment on bringing in foreigners. We exported large quantities of farm products to foreign countries, but the Department of Agriculture an- nounces that for the first time in the history of the country the value of agricultural products imported ex- ceeded the value of exports for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1923. The imports consisted chiefly of silk, sugar, rubber, wools and coffee. It would appear that we should pro- duce more wool and sugar; yet in the year mentioned we imported $396,000 000 worth of sugar and $167,000,000 worth ofwool. These are crops which our farmers could raise profitably. While it is not likely that Congress will adopt a course letting in foreigners indis— criminately, it is probable that a law will. be enacted by which desirable workers will be allowed to enter the country and allowed in due time to become American citizens. It is ex— tremely unfortunate that affairs in European countries are slow to im— prove, yet we are exporting large amounts of grains and flour, while, strange to say, our exports of pro- visions have exceeded all former re— cords. Agricultural productiOn in Europe has improved materially, and the betterment in industry is mani- fest in the increased volume of for- eign goods sold to this country, tend— ing to restore the balance of the world trade. Looking to the future, we are confronted by the credit in- flation because of the abnormal gold holdings and by presidential election year. This country holds about half of the monetary gold supply of the world. Farmers who are out of debt and own fertile lands face a promising future, and they hardly need advice, the important things being well maintained, soil, a variety of crops and avoiding unduly spread- ing of their acres. ' Better Feeling in While much higher those now prevailing for wheat seems hardly probable in the near future, it must be admitted that the market has got into better shape, with sales at well above prices pre— vailing several weeks ago, although they appear low when placed in com- parison with those paid two years ago. It is evident that advances of a permanent nature must be brought about by enlarged consumption, and this is as yet not sufficiently liberal to cause traders to become bullish in sentiment, although choice wheat is selling at a good premium, with no excessive amounts in store. The export demand is fair, with Mani— toba wheat much wanted. Reactions follow decided advances, but they leave prices higher than early in the season, although a short time ago there were 145,377,000 bushels of wheat in the United States and Can- ada in the visible supply and in bonded stocks in this country. Many farmers are sending in inquiries ask- ing what course to follow regarding disposing of their wheat, and’ it may he replied that it appears to be good Judgment. to sell in moderate quan- tities from time to time, taking ad- vantage of any bulges in values. Wheat prices than ’Later on there will be general in- terest felt in the. spring: wheat acre- age, and all of us hope that farmers will realize the great importance of curtailing their acreageand thereby help in restoring prices to a profit— MARKET summers: Wheat steady. Com. strong; ' Oats firm. Rye hr ’d‘emand. Bems uncharged. Eggs wanted. _ Poultry slow! and easy. “Potatoes unchanged. y Dressed calves and hogs inactive. Cattle lower. than supply. ket active. Sheep steady. Demand for butter‘ greater~ Regina!!- (Note: The above summarized Information K0: page was not In type. It contains last Inle some to press —Ed|tor.) was recolved AF'I'IR the balance, of the mah- limit-rumour up at mme ouer Hour of able basis. Fair interest‘i‘s shown in the oats and rye market-s, oaks: sell- ing around the firiCes of a» year ago, with a visible supply of 20,591,000 bushels of oats in the Unites States, comparing with 32,122,000 bushels a: year ago. Rye is in. far larger supply than a year earlier, and with prices far lower than a year‘ back, it is strange that the export trade is not much greater. With 54,- 613,000 bushels of wheat in the United States and Canada in excess of a year ago,~farmers with wheat for sale will see the need of going slow in marketing. Late sales were made of May wheat in Chicago at $1.09, comparing with $119 a year ago. Bull Market in Corn In former years wheat was usually the bigitem in speculation, and ex- cept occasionally, less interest was shown in corn and oats; but for the last few months corn has come into much greater prominence 0;. the Board of Trade and is now far ahead of wheat in active trading. The ad- vent of winter weather has resulted in much increased consumption of corn on farms, whereas heretofore it was so unusually mild that much less corn and other feeds were re- quired for fattening live stock than in normal winters. Farmers a. while ago were apt to take a rather bearish view of the outlook for corn prices, and they were beginning to market their surplus, anticipating much increased sales throughout the corn belt states and a consequent drop in prices. Now, however, they are much more optimistic in their views as a general rule, and this is natural in view of the fact that recent prices reached the highest level of the season. / A corn special- ist says the grain trade seems to be at last awakening to the fact that the stocks of old corn were exhaus- ted when the new crop started to move, and that it has been filling holes and has disappeared. This is why stocks have not accumulated, the visible corn supply in this coun— try being only about 10,000,000 bushels. Iowa andlllllnois fammaers have sold little corn so far, but on recent advances they have shown a disposition to sell some, and around 80' cents a bushel for May corn they may be expected to sell more, freely. Prices are well above those of a. year ago, and far higher than at this time in 1922, May corn having sold ‘company as follows: at. that. time as low as 5.2 cents. Of late the. west and southwest have received. considerable corn. from. the Missouri River markets. Late sales of May delivery were made on the Chicago Board; of Trade of corn at 7 7%, cents, comparing with 72 cents a year ago; oats at 46 cents, comparing with 44% cents last year; and rye at 75 cents, comparing with 88%” centsa year ago. Embargo on Grain , A, special from Winnipeg to the Chicago Tribune saysz—An embargo on grain shipments to Fort William and Port Arthur by the middle of next week is. a; certainty, according. to grain exchange» students of mar- ket conditions. They argue that the 50,000,000 bushels of Canadian: wheat at lower lake ports, 40,000,— 000 bushels at Fort William and Port Arthur, and 45,000,000- in the ‘ country elevators, with, it is esti- mated, 100,000,000 bushels still in the harfds of farmers, will mean vir-r tually paralyzing grain trade. They say Canada will have to export 2,—- 000,000 bushels of grain a day from. the opening of navigation to get free- of this crop before the opening of the new grain year on Sept. 1 next. Lower lake terminal elevators are crowded to capacity. All rail ship— ments will have to be stopped, it is said. Upper lake ports have a ca- pacity of 63,000,000 bushels and» they cannot take more than 80' per cent of that. ' Canadian Wheat Flour The department of commerce at Washington writes Uhlmann Grain “We regret that your suggestion that this de- partment report figures of exports of wheat flour made from Canadian wheat separately from flour made from United States wheat cannot be put into effect. This Canadian flour is entered into a bonded mill for grinding into. flour, all of the pro- duct of the bonded mill to be ex- ported. Under section 3-11 of the tariff law, wheat is admitted free of duty. The flour produced is a blended product made partly from . United States and partly from Can- adian wheat. The soqu when ex- ported‘ is regarded as a domestic pro- duct because it is made in the United States. Whether the material is of domestic or foreign, origin is imma— terial. The export declaration filed with the collector of customs at the port where the hear is exported A. B. COOK APPROVES OF NEW BRET CONTRACT BELIEVE the principle of the new sugar beet contract is right. Both parties are, under its terms, interested; in the ultimate out- come of the joint enterprise. the contracts until the last sack of enterprise. From the time of the securing of sugar is sold in sholfid be a joint I can see no future for the industry on any other basis. 1' can see a brilliant future for it on the basis of cooperation and a mutual interest in the final results of the year’s operations. My personal opinion of the contract after a kind of a “once over” was that it was a fair proposition. I submitted it: to the gentleman who originated; the “50-50” idea and who is a Careful student of beet sugar affairs and who while a former has the respect of- all classes and he said “it is a fair proposition und'ér present conditions." I think the manufacturers missed an opportunity when they failed to invite in representative growers to discuss with; them the terms of the proposed contracts» before it was printed. However fair it may be to the grower, had he by Ms'rcpresentattwés accepted it without am- mendment it would have placed the proposition before the growers» in a better light. The signing on. the dotted line is a much simpler and pleasanter transaction and confidence much more easily secured u? the signee has had. a part in the preparation of the literature wlich pro- ceeds that dotted line. If all the growers were of a was mentioned in connection with the 50-50 contract above and all of the manuflactnrers 'of the type of mama alwme Sugar the «WA ment of satisfiactory relationship. in fills. industry would be pmible of. We ccomplislllentP-A. 3. W. , $13-15 to $13. ‘ Numeric“. m” give the Canadian from; Separate statistics are kc. the amounts: of“ Chum-ism ms: _. , terede im bonded. mills for into flour for export. During”. proportion or .' nine monthspnding with. Sequ - 30. 1923, 6.548.193 bushels kayo’“ been entered. No information. is available as to when the flour ground” ' Calls? from this wheat or partly from adian and partly from United." States wheat will be exported. Beginning with January 3, this office will issue: weekly statements showing the iI’n-vfi v port's into eight; principal northern. border districts or Canadian wheat: entered: for consumption (duty paid) ' " I “- em"): " and enteer into bonded mills grinding info flour for wheat used in. grin t‘p‘f “ Those statements will be issued to ' the press and! to, interested parties- on Tuesday as}! each week." ' . The restricted demand for ‘7 cattle at Thanksgiving, Christmasi‘i and New Year's- has given place to improved conditions, with marked in“— crease in the consumption ofgbeef, pork and mutton. Even rather or- dinary cattle have shown advances. in prices in the Chicago market at~ , times, and on days when common. . cattle Were not plentiful killers paid. . higher prices for steers with a little flesh on them than feeders were pre- pared‘ to pay. While the cattle re- I ceipts have increaSed in numbers, I relatively few choice finished lets have been offered, and the bulk of 2‘ q the steers marketed» sold at $8.25 to. 'v' $10.75 per 1'00 pounds, the better class of the yearlings selling at $11 to $12 and the best heavy long fed’ steers at $10 to $11.25. Killers have continued to descriminate against heavy cattle-and it does not require a great many to satisfy the trade requirements. Steers grading as good find. buyers at $10 and mr, and steers selling below $9 do not grade very high. grade sell for $6.75 to $7.75, with inferior little steers selling at $4-50 to $6.65 in a small way. Butcher stock has a fair outlet, cows and heifers selling usually at $3.75 to ‘ $8.25, while bulls bring $4.25 to $7 Steers of ordinary f -- and calves $5 to $12.50. The stacker ‘~ and feeder trade is only fair at $4.50 to $7.85, sales being. mainly at $5.25- to $7.50. Milch cows sell at $35 to $90 each. their cattle as soon as ready, but it is not well to let well bred cattle go until properly finished- Ruling prices for fat stock are. extremely good. Sum-foil? a! Hogs ' There has been no end to the hog supply, and prices have had. many breaks because far more were mar- Farme‘rs should market, I keted than needed, despite the un- -‘ precedentedly large consumption of fresh and cured. hog products, I i’mg goo‘d‘ exports to European coun- . tries. The best strengthened rump. ence all along has been the unusually liberal demand for the better class ' of hogs offered on the Chicago mar- ket to ship to eastern packing. pom ' The hogs offered average well! in quality, and the bulk of the sales are. Within a range of 30- cents, with prime heavy butchers going highest and 25 cents above best bacon hogs. Recent Chicago receipts of hogs have averaged 231 pounds in weight, bow ing four pounds less than a year ago and eleven pounds above the ten- year average. Recent markets have changed greatly for the better, due to a marked improvement in the local and eastern shipping demand. Late Chicago hog sales were at a range of $6.50 to $7.50, er sub- stantially the prices of a ‘week earlier. 7 Active Lamb Market There has been of late an ex“ tremely liberal demand for lambs in the Chicago market at a high scale of prices, although the materially :57,» creased? receipts have brought. some reductg ions in ive at fancy prices, with Icarus/ax; The highest priced. lambs-U n lambs at unremlllfirativ " prigiéx, Quotation Feeding lambs are particularly act: .- .\ v , ', A ‘1 ii. a » #4:?» :45“: 97"“? 2‘- —» " ' Qillikwhrfiuwe 31;“ «m ‘ \ find me expert hisiness reported. Ream res-aim about the same; a! gpoor grade but little inst e OATS , The out market showed a steady impmmem during the week end- tg 12th and high price lev- els 1m- flle season were made at some plum \ W are not ac- tive selm. ‘ BYE _ , The plane of rye a Detroit shows a slight decline over two weeks age although market remains steady n tone. ‘ m The bean market is steely to mining. Demand is not heavy but enough to keep the mop movm steadily from the state. There is a m muaply coming to m but miners as a Whole are lit My Mom to sell. In. am so come into the mmmm-w-mmto he hm ltO market {or the W been. “Regarm to Inhale 0! Me market m Bean and Pea Journal states: _“Thane are mm an when slide of like mam—emul- hlh and :beaaiish Mm. ‘tllhe crop .m hm but is going into eon— snmpflon. untrained We be- _lieme pleasant prices will rule for some time to some. with little need to tip the scabs either direction, up or down.” mums Potatoes are fairly steady and the finest grades are moving at firm prices. mm are teddy large al- thm‘h odd weather in - Jane was has named a slam up a! W. M! W at most markets hm been fight and more strength has been shown both in the east and west under increased activity. The demand for good hay is urgent with offerings of the better grades very small. Accumulations have been cleaned up and there is very little hay unsold :at any market. The ear- erage of prices has increased, the west showing a dollar increase and r the east not quite as much but tend— ing toward more strength. .Country loadings are small and weather con- ditions uncertain. MARKET QUOTATIONS Wheat Detroit—:Cash No. 1 red, $1.14; No. 2, $1.13; No. 2 white, $1.14; No. 2 mixed, 11.1.8. , Chicago—"Gash No. .2 red, $1.13: No. 2 hard, $109,115 1.12%. New York—Cash o. '2 red, $1.- 26; No. 2 hard, $1.25%; No. 2 mix- ed, $1.15IA. Don Detroit—Cash .Nc. .3 yellow, 83c; No. 4. 79c. Chicago—Cash No. 2 72%@’18%c; No. 2 mixed, 76%c. 7 New 'Y *1 r ‘ o - .' M168 Hash No.» 2. white, 46% 7"; '3, fie. ‘ , orke‘fCash; No. 2 white, ,, "022 pm In, yellow. ‘ _ mic—4th No. 2 yellow, - 950; No. 2 white. :96%c; No. flail:- i’ed‘,“ ,94%c. . I": l - cm $21022: m. l mm W. 32 m 1 m, 5210 muz.mgn:n.am $16017; “film, “swaps-m, MIM.1MLW : no. s. 828.039,; light dual. $30932 per m. Minimum”! - mutant Michigan ~ , , I v . . January!!! to ‘25, in the third annu- all Sugar Beet Institute held under the auspices of like millage. W. l M, u. an. 2,, stiflifl; 1N0. 1 ma cam l V; 5. Both madman and gamers. have been invited to the meeting.» amd it is predicted that last year’s: attendance 0‘! 260 will be equalled» or battered. Problems of prosthetics. with em: plhasis on the cultural end, will be . (fiscussed at the conference, accord- ing to acting-dean E. B. Hill, of the M. 'A. C. agricultural idlllvisian, who is arranging details of the institute“ Fertilisation. disease problems, in- sect control, and general cultural methods will be taken up. The list of men who are to lead discussion at the various meetings includes :five men from the U. S. Department of Agriculture at Wash- ington, D. 7C. Prominent state man- ufacturers and growers, and special- ists from the agricultural college, will also take part in the program. 'MICHi-GP " l! LEADER IN PRO- DUCING WOOL ICHIGlfiN, one of the big lamb— M feeding states, of the nation, p r o d u c e s about 8,000,000 pounds of wool annually. ‘ flmcial» Government placed the Michigan sheep popula— tion in 1923 at 1,171,000, a marked increase over the total. for the prev- ious year. In additionthere is a decided in- estimates , crease in the number of lambs being ‘ sted this winter in Michigan. Many of these will be shorn before leaving lithe farms, thus helping to .boost the ? - Michigan wool clip. Among the reasons for the pres— ent increase in the number and pop- ularity in sheep in Michigan are the following: The educational activities of the Michigan Division State’ Grange and of the Extension of the Michigan Agricultural College, the economic and labor conditions and the influence of the wool pool con- ducted by the Michigan State Farm Bureau. Common} PLANS non FARMERS” WEEK ’ (Continued from Page 3) served seats has been held for the Farmers’ Week guests, and these 'will be offered at general admission prices at the registration booth. The annual Housewives Congress will “be held in the new home eco- nomics building during the week as a special feature for the women at- tending Farmers’ Week. Talks on various phases of home economics as applied to farm homes will be given by college specialists, and specialists, and special exhibits will “be shown. natural , The new home economics build—- ing. country. has just been completed at at cost of $400,000, and will be op- ened to the»public for the first time on evening, February 5, as one of the dentures of zt‘ihe week. financed tunes have been granted on all transportation lines in the state m like Farmers Week crowds. These reduced rates are offered on round trip .tares teem all points in the finest of its kind in the in .mm. and m liberal stop-omen ‘ privileges. ' m information can be We local asset agents in ‘ «each cm. ers‘ and..their families attended the Farmers’ Week programs; and plans have been madam care for an even larger attendance;- this year. . man-i ; 7 We ._ a Safe, Tax-Fees Income. édecflarissaielyatwmmghtaaddayinmsvfial P the Service to 1:54 thriving cities and tom. citizens of Michigan. A Safe, Conservative Investment with a Complete information at any of our Offices Securities Department. "BEv*PARTNER ,‘6960[ ' Consumes! Power Company shares success the W. ‘ 14.999 ~ '. people are new WE Emery You, too, can be alProfibin’g Partner with your fellow- ' Invest in Consumers Power Preferred Shares TAX FREE IN MICHIGAN Perfect Record of Cash Dividends. or Ask our Employees. CONSUMERS POWER COMPANY JACKSON, MICH ,l’ree loll" 1112 Mns‘tllbndcrful DAM BOOK Ever'Written, This magnificent book was written for you. It contains many profitable pointers for dairymcn and fourteen full page color illustrations of the World’s Champion Cows of various breeds. It .is a masterpieoel Each big illustration alone is we‘ll worth framing. Only a linfitcd number are left. _. Your Copy IS Ready Give us these facts :—the number of cows you own—the name of your local dealer and his address. Then we will forward your copy of this unusual book—sired Every dairyman will prize this volume. Get yours now:— first come, first served. arts of Milk Extra Qu Count ’em From Every Sack of International Special Dairy Molasses Feed skillfully processed and mixed. thus insur- ing a big extra gain in milk. Accept no substitute. Inferior brands offered by other mills cannot produce the same profitable national Special Dairy contains both. This resultsaslnternational Specral Dairy. Order great feed isdlgestible and palatable and is some today. INTERNATIONAL SUGAR FEED C0., Minneapolis, Minn. Live Dealer. and District Sal“ Agents Wanted as compared to using wheat feed or ground grains. We guarantee this increase has been secured in hundreds of actual tests. Both protein and molasses produce milk. Inter~ .A...-. . . GARLOCK - WILLIAMS 00., inc- Detront Beef Conlpanyg, . WE SOLICIT YOUR SHIPMENTS offers its services to the Farmers (if . v , Michigan as a high class, reliable : ‘ 0f 'lu‘e Poultry, veal 811d 0333- commlsslon house for the sale of Dressed Calves and live poultry. I ‘Write us forinformation how to dress' and ship calm to market. $250, 000 capital and surplus. 34 years in bus- iness in athe same place and same management. Address DETROIT BEEF C0., Detroit, Mich, 2463 moPELLE sax, DETROIT, MICH. Our commission is 5%. References: Wayne County and Home Savings Bank, Bradstreet. ’nmIlmnmmlmImnnmnmnmnnmnnnmmnmmmnm HAVE YOU POULTRY 4 FOR SALE? AN AD IN M. B. F. . WILL SELL IT. a x‘ I lllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lfllflllHlllllllllllflllllllllllnnuuflm3 ‘ 3.3“... v‘ ....; xx Model No. 7 Capacity 325 lit r e s ( 7 4 0 lbs.) of milk per hour. Melotte ‘ IVD not one will be out of balance in another 30 years. That’s because the very design and con- struction of the Melotte Bowl makes it impossible for it to get out of balance. At a conservative estimate, out-of-balance bowls are costing the American farmer, in wasted cream, millions of dollars a year—probably double the cost of all the thousands of Melotte Separators " in use in America. Imported Belgium This patent Melotte Bowl hangs from one frictionless ball bearing and spins like a top. It is self-balancing. It skims as perfectly after 30 years use as when new. Positively cannot ever get out of balance-—cannot vibrate and thus cause cross currents which waste cream by re- mixing with milk. Send coupon below today. Get the Free Book that tells about this great Melotte. erl'r ’ Your choice of any model. NO MONEY DOWN -—FREE TRIAL -SMALL MONTHLY PAYMENTS—DUTY FREE. This won- derful Belgium Melotte Separator has been picked by a jury of thousands of farmers—picked by dairy experts throughout the world to be the “king” of all separators ever manufactured. It has won every important European contest for Efiiciency of Skimming, Ease of Turning, Convenience of Operation and Durability. Send cou- pon below for Big Free Book. , (Other Models Fully Described in Catalog) Ru ‘ » - Model No. 11 ' ' . ' Capacity 500 ‘ litres ( 1 1 3 5 lbs.) of milk - per hour. I' "’ v / . (C, /, Pine, Tree Milker AT LAST! Here is a milker with seven years’ successful record back of it. A milker that is as supreme among milkers as the Melotte is among separators. Every owner of 8 or more cows can now afford to buy. Send today for our special Pine Tree small-herd ofi'er. AdoptedChild 5. re e 1’] a 0 We will send an Imported Belgium Melotte Cream Separator direct to your farm on a 30 day’s absolutely Free Trial. Use it just as if it were your own machine. Put it to every possible test. Compare it with any or all others. The Melotte is easy to keep clean and sanitary be- cause it has only one-half of the tinware of other separators. Turns so easily that bowl spins 25 minutes after you stop cranking unless brake is applied. No other separator has or needs a brake. After you have mnmmmmnlmumumumummnmnummummmnmumuInmamaImmmlnmmmmnmmnmmmnmmnmummnmmmvg tried it for 30 days and you know it is the separator you want to buy, ' . wn and the b n ' The Melotte Separator, H. 8. Babe". U. S. Manager a pay $7 50 do ala ce in small monthly payments. 2843 West 19th Street Dept. 33-01 Chicago, Ill. 5 . . . t . ’ . E . Mail cou on for catalo v1n full descri 2445 Prince street’ Berkeley’ can" - g tion of mi; wonderful crgeagm segarator. Dori: Without cost to me or obligation in any way, please send me the Melotte E buy any separator until you have found out catalog which tells the full story of this wonderful separator and M. Jules E 311 you can about the Melotte and details of our 15-year guarantee! Melotte. its inventor and hundreds ofletters from American Farmers. 5 Don’t wait __ be sure ‘0 In.“ coupon TODAY! Name __._ ‘ " ' “" H. B. BABSON, ‘ pm... ~ Melotte Separator— u. s. Mm... C ' 2843 West .19th Street, Dept. 33-01 Chicago, Ill." ounty State _ ‘ Print nmonnduddross plainly ‘ . ' How many cows do you milk?