It Is An Independent. Farm Magazine Owned and ‘ “Edited in Michigan SATURDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1924 - \ , $503ng YEAKEEég‘; 3; ‘ 1 L”... -..‘~nw_~w..; 4.... mM u’v-'~"-; W4 f }' - . A GETTING READY FOR HALLOWE’EN , Our 2232;) serial 7%? Indian Drum, ’ ’ begin: 152': issue -- Page 10 Securities Department, ‘it’s one of the best things I ever did. My “I’m a. Partner in Consumers Power—and savings help build up the community— and pay me good interest." BE A PROFITING PARTNER In this great public service which supplies a vital ne- cessity to 163 prosperous M1ch1ganc1t1es and towns. Earn 6.6% Tax Free Here CONSUMERS POWER PREFERRED SHARES Ask Our Employees for All the Facts. Jackson, Michigan Discriminating Travelers HO'Ie‘rEL LINCOLN WHEN IN INDIANAPOLIS 400 ROOMsglgDm together with many other comfort team at most reasonable rates. Thee is but one rice to everybody. Rates pee in each room. Rooms ‘1‘:de bath $2.50 Rooms with tub bath $3.50 and upwards Oomenientlylocated in the heart at Indianapolis. on WASHINGTON 81'. (National Trail) at Kentucky Ave. Management R. L. MEYER "YOU NEVER saw A ssw saw uxsmrssawssws" OnoManDooothoWorkolTwo Wlth mas-sun. DoooMmWalethLu-thorand 'IllnoandMomy Use It. You vnn LE. 1:. AGENTS: Wanna- be County macaw m an. M can use a few earnestmen and women part or full time in solicit- subscriptions and acting as our agents. Write Circulation Manager “ :rHE MICHIGAN BUSINESS FARMER, Mt. Clemens, Miehigani O the ‘Editor: Why are Mich- igans so much lower than Cali- fornia beans. An interesting problem is revealed by this ques- tion. It seems something must be wrong with Michigan marketing methods, because it has been com- mon knowledge for several months that the crop of California beans would be short, and now that har- vesting time is at hand, this has be- come an assured fact. The recog- nition by the trade of this has creat- ed a heavy demand, with a corres- ponding increase in prices. Beans are selling today at the following prices f. o. b. California: Small Whites, $8.00; Limas, $13.- 25; Baby Limas, $12.25; Blackeyes, $8.00; Red Kidneys, $8.75. The market is steadily advancing as the dealers continue to buy in fulfillment of orders, and it is ex- pected that all varieties will be from $1.00 to $2.00 per bag higher with- in 60 days. At the rate beans are moving out, it will be only a matter of months before the short crop will be cleaned up. Some idea of this can be best ascertained by compar- ing available stocks with that of the previous year: Est'ed. Crop 1988 Crop 1924 Small Whites ..360,000 60,000 Limas .............. 700,000 325,000 Blackeyes ........ 275,000 175,000 Large Whites ..100,000 40,000 Red Kidneys 40,000 30,000 Pinks ................ 650,000 250,000 The 1923 crop was below normal, and it has been estimated that the total bean production for the state of California this year will only be about 5 per cent of normal. The result will be that at same time in the near future, the trade will have to look to Michigan for their bean supply and when that time comes, the Michigan farmer should be in relatively the same position as the California farmer, who at the pres- ent time is getting record prices for his beans, and the crop though short, is proving extremely profit- able. It has always been considered Michigan beans were of superior quality to those grown anywhere else, but notwithstanding this fact, they are selling for approximately 35 per cent less than California beans in eastern terminal markets. Why should there be this differ- ence? It would seem if Michigan CHP beans are all that is claimed for them, they should command a _ premium over machine cleaned Cal- ifornia beans of inferior cooking quality. Is there anything wrong with the marketing method of Michigan beans, or has it been due to the bearish interests among the Michi- gan dealers who are endeavorlng to keep prices down, for their own self- ish interests? . Beans are a staple commodity and Michigan beans are supposed to be the most popular of all beans grown. The best evidence of this is reflected in the attitude of the canners, who claim to use about 40 per cent of the normal Michigan crop. If this is true, any outside demand from the balance of the trade, should have a tendency to stabilize the mar— ket at legitimate prices, particular- ly on a year like this, when all the producing sections are short. If Michigan beans are showing heavy damage from recent rains, unfavor- able weather, and the estimated pro- duction much less than last year, it is extremely difficult to comprehend the reason why Michigan farmers are not getting more for their beans. Are the Michigan farmers getting~ the right kind of information from the elevators, and are they getting the proper support from their banks? In connection with the last ques- tion—California farmers are more fortunate in having public ware- houses run by disinterested parties who issue negotiable warehouse re- ceipts, upon which the farmers can borrow money at the bank. When the farmer realizes he is not receivingrall that he should for his beans. he has the privilege of holding for a better market. Per- have this is one. of the solutions of the problem. At any rate the fact remains—that Michigan farmers are receiving a 'ricultural Agent, A. B. Love. Whyls ‘Prwe 6‘ “Masseuse“? ' » price for their beans today that scarcely shows them any profit for growing, while farmers in other beau producing sections, are making a profit, even on a short crop. The reasons that are responsible for this condition are many, and those inter- ested in the been growing industry. it they hope to continue,'should take steps to bring about a change. There is unquestionably a dispos- ition on the part of the Michigan bean dealers, and so—called farmers selling organizations, to sell beans too freely——the cutting of prices and short selling have a decided weaken- ing effect on the market. One of the most evil practices in the marketing of Michigan beans, is the method of selling beans short. because that destroys the natural balance of supply and demand. If this method of selling were eliminat- ed it would tend greatly to stabilize the market at a price that would be commensurate to the effort and labor of producing beans. The bean industry is one of the outstanding features of the States of,Michigan, and should be preserved and devel- oped, but in order to do so, farmers should receive at least as much as others. for their product.—-—Kutner Selling Agency, San Francisco, Cal. TO HOLD 78 DAIRY-ALFALFA SCHOOLS IN SAGIN AW EVENTY-EIGHT Dairy - Alfalfa Schools, three in each township to bring the “College to the Farm” is the plan of the County Ag- This special feature of Agricultural Ex- tension Work is designed along practical lines to furnish a basis for a five-year program of educational development of the dairy and alfalfa production in Saginaw county. Arrangements have been made whereby there will be two crews of specialists from the Dairy Depart— ment and the Farm Crops Depart- ment holding short two hour schools during the day and evening in each township in Saginaw county. Schools will -"start at 8:00 o'clock in the morning and there will be four each day by each crew, making a total of 8 schools a day being held in various parts of Saginaw county. This will last from November 12 to 26, ex- cepting Saturdays. In addition there will be a few general night meetings for those who were unable to attend the day meetings. These schools will be so arranged that a farmer need not come more than four miles to reach a school and will not need to give more than three hours of his time to get the information which these men have. This will be a practical course in which the problems of production of alfalfa from the‘standpoint of fer- tility, liming, time and rate of seed— ing, times to cut for hay and seed, how to cure and proper methods of feeding alfalfa hay. The practical problems of dairy production will be discussed, particularly the value of Cow Testing Associations, the way they work, the value of herd sires and community bull rings, the prop- er methods of feeding, how to bal— ance rations, and other practical points of dairy production. The special feature of these schools will be their informal na— ture. They will be “Barn Yard Talks" at the homes of various farmers located for easy access by farmers of the township. They will be right out in the alfalfa field and in the dairy barns, where everyone can feel free to ask any questions which are of interest to them re- garding the subject. The series of schools offers the greatest opportunity ever presented to the farmers of Saginaw county to get practical information on dairy alfalfa production and to take ad- vantage of the great number of things which the Agricultural Ex- tension Service in Saginaw county has to offer the farmers. Every farmer should begin to plan to at- tend one of the meetings, which. will be announced intern—A. B. Love. No Fences Needed Indian Guide—-“This desert is God‘s own country." Tourist-#‘fWell, ‘ 1'11, say no icertainlyz' done‘His best to discoungemv & , s ._——~e.. “ * “Mn-$135" ‘ ”ha—MW .......c , . i s f i i 5 awe—Mm...» .v .,..M .. --4%«,_.w... .- unmann- Hmfinmuuynnununnwn i” i .m. A. . .5; .2 iii Eat-$155“ , ,.« . ‘~‘ . ”A." : s g i f i l Nah“; ,,.......»,.... vOL. XII. .No. 4 to the farming business. Being absolutely independent our columns are open for tha . discussion of any subject per mining mega») \ . Emeritus 2'3““1‘t‘i‘?" as . . a I ‘ elst-oflics at Mt. Clemens, ich.. under act of March 3rd. 1879. The Only Farm Magazine Owned and Edited in Michigan Mt. Clemens, m TWOYEARS$1 , The “Dark Horse.” Issue of Reapportionment Here Are Facts You Should Know Before Voting on Reapportionment Amendment November 4th EN a great battle is raging along an extended front it is good generalship not to over- 100k the places where everything is apparently quiet. Behind the out- ward evidences of peace and calm there may lurk hidden dangers. And this is equally true of the great struggle to preserve our prec— ious liberties and those wise govern- mental safeguards which the fore- sight of the founders of this Repub- lic and the experiences of the past have proved desirable. And when I voice these senti- ments I am not dealing in general- ities but am referring to something very specific and of most timely in- terest to us as voters. Shadowed and almost eclipsed by popular in- terest in candidates for the more important offices and by the agita— tion concerning the income tax and parochial school amendments, there is another constitutional amend— ment of the most far reaching im— portance. It _is sponsored by a group of Wayne county individuals and interests and has to do with that great unsettled question of re- apportionment of senators and rep- resentatives in the state Legislature. Echo of Legislative Battles It' will be remembered that our present constitution requires that this matter be attended to at the legislative session of 1913 and every tenth year thereafter. But during the 1923 regular spring session and again at the special sesion that fall, Michigan’s lawmakers failed to ar— rive at any reapportionment which the majority of them would support and which would fulfill all the re- quirements of the provisions of the constitution regarding this matter. There is some doubt as to whether any reapportionment legislation could properly be ocnsidered during the 1925 session of the Legislature as the constitution specifies that re- apportionments shall be made at the session of 1913 and every tenth year thereafter. It is well to remember in consid- ering this problem that the constitu- tion provides that in 1926 the ques- tion of revising this document will automatically be submitted to the voters. If they authorize its revis- ion, a constitutional convention will be held in 1927. Because of this situation many law—makers and oth- er students of reapportionment ar- gue for leaving the present districts undisturbed for the next two years. It is well to remember that the constitutional convention is compos- ed of three members from each sen— atorial district, so to grant Detroit additional senators automatically increases the delegation from that city in any future constitutional convention. Let us make ourselves plain: the more senators Detroit gets, the more voice it would have in drafting the new constitution. If given its owu way, it would probab; ly discard the moiety clause entirely and virtually take over the com- plete control of the state. The Amendment in a Nutshell But even that dire calamity is not more to be dreaded than the passage ginehlzlemelli’te n $111111 g constitutional w c will the ballot November 4. appear on This proposed amendment is too long to print in full but .its most in; teresting provisions are that while it substitutes the words "registered and qualified voters" for the term “inhabitants" which ‘ppears in our constitution at present, it dismd. entirely the protection of any mag. qty clause and takes the whole mat. tor of reapportionment out at th. hands of our duly elected represent. avg-Pi m.-1fi were a hoard By STANLEY M. POWELL (Lansing Correspondent of The Business Farmer.) W‘HEN you go to the polls on November 4th you will find that one of the amendments you are to vote on has to do with reappor- tionment. Other amendments that are to be considered at that time have been before the public almost constantly while the amend- ment on reapportionment has had very little publicity, yet means as much, if not more, to the farmer than any other question to be voted on. If this amendment is passed at the November election it will mean that Michigan will be ruled by highly organized minority in the city. Read this article and tell your neighbors about it. composed of. the Secretary of State, the Attorney General, and the Lieu- tenant Governor. No one can deny the justice and desirability of the first provision, that which would require apportion- ment to be made on a citizenship basis rather than according to the total number of “inhabitants" with- out taking into consideration Wheth- er these inhabitants were citizens or aliens. Such a. reform has been strongly urged by our leading farm organiza- tions such as the State Grange and State Farm Bureau. It certainly is necessary in view of the steadily in- creasing alien population in Detroit. There are 183,503 aliens in Wayne county, which is more than 62 per- cent of the total alien population of Michigan, although Wayne county has only about one-third of the adult inhabitants of the state. Twenty—five per cent of the popula— tion of Wayne county are aliens and do not have the right of self-govern— ment even in their own county, so why should they be counted in ap— portioning our senators and repres- entatives, in the State Legislature? A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing But lurking behind this one equit— able and virtuous provision there is a hidden danger of the most far reaching significance. The proposed amendment fails to make any men— tion at all of the moiety clause. Now rural representatives and farm people generally have come to realize that the moiety clause is our only safeguard against the increas- ing encoachments of selfish city in— terests. The moiety clause in our present condition provides that any county having more than half of an exact mathematical ratio of repre- sentation should be entitled to its own representative. The population of Michigan according to the 1920 census was 3,668,412. There are 100 representatives in thevstate leg- islature, so an exact ratio would be 36,684. A moiety would be one— half of this or 18,342. ‘ While the constitution specifically provides that any county having a moiety of population is entitled to independent representation, it does not make clear whether or not this rule should apply to a group of smaller counties. The Attorney Gen- eral has ruled that it does not. Un- der this ruling, while a. small county having a moiety would have its in- dependent representative, slightly smaller counties would have to be grouped until a district with a full ratio of population was secured be- fore such a district would have a representative. Both the State Grange and the State Farm Bureau have urged that this moiety clause provision be ex— tended not only to apply to individ- ual counties but to groups of small- er counties as well. The Farm Bureau’s Stand At the last regular meeting of the Farm Bureau Board of Delegates, a resolution was adopted declaring in part “we further feel that it is im- GRANGE PROGRAM AT PETOSKEY HE 1924 sessions of the State Grange at Petoskey, October 28-31, will be the fifty—second annual meeting of this farmers organiza- tion. as follows: It is planned to make this year’s meeting the best ever held and a fine program has been arranged by the officials in charge. It is Tuesday, October 28th Closed session of the Grange, with reports of State Master and other state ofiicers. Evening—Open meeting for discussion of state income tax. Mr. Sparks, Editor of Grand Rapids Herald, will speak against the income tax, and C. H. Bramble, Overseer of State Grange will speak for State Grange in favor of income tax. cussion of the question. Following this will be a general dis- Wednesday, October 29th Afternoon, open program which will be the Lecture Hour pro- gram, a big feature of the Grange. Dr. Butterfield, President of M. A. C., will be one of the feature speakers for Wednesday. Congressman Ketchum will give an address. Discussion of Child Labor Amendment. Special entertaining features of music, readings, and so forth by Antrim, Charlevoix, and Emmet county Pomonas. Dr. Lewis G. Michaels, U. S. Department of Agriculture, will speak on marketing farm products. Thursday, October 30th Business session. Degree work in the evening. Friday, Gambia Business session with installation of More at the close. ‘past age. portant that the moiety clause be preserved and applied not only to in- dividual counties but to districts of small counties as well”. Other phases of this resolution provide for making reapportionment upon the basis of citizenship rather than the total population basis and recom- mend that no county should be en- titled to more than five senators or sixteen representatives. As pointed out above, the amend— ment on which we are to vote Nov- ember 4th goes to the other extreme and instead of extending the moiety clause protection, it would abolish this feature of our legislative appor- tionment system entirely. To pass such an amendment would be to in- stitute a gross inovation in our sys— tem of government. It is one of the basic principles of our American form of government that areas and political units as well as population totals should be con- sidered in giving representation. This principle is carried out even in our United States government. The State of Delaware with 223,000 peo- ple and New York with 10,385,000 have exactly equal representation in the United States Senate. This pro- vision was, no doubt, adopted to prevent the country from being dominated by a few conjested cent- ers of population. To prohibit such a condition arising in the state gov- ernment, nearly every state having a large city has adopted some re- striction to keep the city from rul- ing the state. Other States Solve Problems In discussing this subject in THE BUSINESS FARMER of December 22, 1923, we told how several states are meeting this problem by limiting the representation which any one county can have in one or both branches of the Legislature. If space permitted, we would not only include those illustrations which we gave before, but would tell how many of the other states are meet- ing this problem. Suffice it to say that not only the states which were organized early protect themselves against the dom— ination of large cities, but our west- ern states, organized more recently, have adopted similar safeguards. For example, in Iowa, each of the state's 99 counties elects one rep- resentative, with one extra for the most populous counties, but these extra members are limited to nine and no county however populous may have more than one extra mem- ber. Thus Dickinson County with 9,465 people would have one mem- ber and Polk county with 129,121 Would have only two representa- tives. An examination of the consti— tutions of the other states would bring to light other similar provis- ions. As the Adrian Daily Telegram commented in an editorial published when this matter of reapportion¥ ment was being fought out during , the special session of 1923: “These safeguards, in so many states, are not mere obsolete survivals from a They are up to date. They reflect present—day opinion. The constitutions of these states have been amended frequently and from time to time have been entirely re- written. They have changed great- ly in the last hundred years, and em— body many innovations and advanc- ed political ideas. But the principle of restricted urban representation has been kept intact, even where urban population outnumbers rural overwhelmingly, as in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Rhode Island." Tail Would Wag Dog I! the propsed amendment were to be adopted and Wayne county {Continued on Page 19) r Octo ”r, 25 ”‘1924 The Ups and Downs Of An OCean Voyage . Your Many Troubles Begin Long Before You Get on the Boat HAD seen New York—and I had been seen by the New Yorkers— and if it brought no more satis- faction to them than it did to me the few days I spent there were enough. Besides, the Leviathan, the great ship that was to take me to Europe, had docked and I was anxious to be off, to sail away to England. I had left the cornbelt on June 5, 1924 said my goodbyes, ar- ranged my baggage and my friends’ advice, and was all piepared for the sailing date on June 14. Whenever one is contemplating a trip abroad, a new car, fishing gear, or matrimony he falls automatically at the mercy of all professional ad- vice givers. He becomes the open season prey of all his friends by vir- tue of any connection however, re- mote, between his intentions and their experiences. And whichever hobby it happens to be, the con— founded principal is always so thor— oughly interested in the evolution of his big idea that he listens to all With his ears, mouth and simple soul wide open We are supposed to learn from experience I had never traveled in Euiope and therefore why not learn from the experiences of many of my friends who had? I was told that one should take a bathrobe and woolen heavies, and the necessity for them was carefully explained in all the delightful de— tails. Very well, I would take them. Veteran travelers advised me to take a Winter overcoat, and, by all means, my field glasses must be equipped with canary yellow lens. Of course, I must take a raincoat, and my own toothbrush. A steam- er rug was not necessary, nor an electric flat iron. I should take only hand luggage, no steamer trunk. and I should keep the labels and hotel stickers off if I could. To make a long problem short, I prepared a list of everything that had been declared absolutely neces— sary and found that it would fill two trunks, and three if I wanted to close the lids. And yet such simple, minor articles of comfort and con— venience as shoes and trousers and shirts had not been mentioned. Packing Up Your Troubles I began again and limited the list only to those things which at least four persons had agreed upon as absolute, vital necessities, and then scratched off the last two—hundred items. 'Then I packed three suit~ cases and took up of the frag— ments that remained twelve bas— ketsful. At the last minute I discarded one suitcase and eventually left home with one suitcase and a light topcoat. And that was quite suffici— ent for all my needs for the whole summer. 'The topcoat did admir- able duty as overcoat, raincoat, or bathrobe, each in its own time. It is true that I returned in the fall with two suitcases, a big portfolio and a steamer rug and a cane— but that was bccause of my weak— ness for the European shops and European prices. One cannot walk down Bond (Street or Picadilly or through the Paris shops without buying. NOW that it is my time to give ad— vice, I will say to take as little as possible and get. it all in one big suitcase if you can. Contrary to the old advice not to put all your eggs in one basket, I recommend with Mark Twain to put all your eggs in one basket and then watch that bas- ket! The Ups and Downs Next to what to take and where to go the next most common advice to travelers, I suppose, is upon the delicate matter of mal de mer, or seasickness. As a subject for con— versation it provides for the travel~ er the same kick, the same morbid thrill, the same satisfaction that the inevitable symposium 011 the amount of blood lost does for those who have had their tonsils removed, or their teeth pulled. ,No one cares about listening but, oh, what a joy it is for the weak—stomached tour— ists, and de-tonsiled, toothless won— ders to dwell upon their experiences in all the gruesome details. I do not wish to presume. but if I were By FRANCIS A. FLOOD 11E hardest thing about taking a trip to Europe is getting ready. Francis A. Flood, in his second article of European travel, tells us about the time he had to get ready and the wonderful supply of advice his friends gave him—but in spite of them he went without requiring an extra boat to carry his luggage. And after a few days out 011 the ocean he is prepared to give some very good advice on sea- sickness. hotel”. However, all together, he enjoys his trip on the “floating given the contract to work out a scheme for the hereafter, I would fix it so that all the good people who deserve a heavenly reward would be allowed to spend all their spare time telling about their seasick exper— ien-ces, and I would have some of the extra wicked sinners come up from below to be the audiences. Conversation on such a subject is particularly disagreeable to those who are susceptible to seasickness; I have been sea—sick. I have my strong points, but my stomach is not one of them. I am all right on land but, gastronomically, I can’t hold my own 011 board ship. My 'well wishers recommended a dozen different internal medicinal remedies, a seasick belt that was a table. sick. Presently the waiter set a com- bination salad covered with thous— and island dressing before the sleep- ing doctor. I gently woke him and he looked up, that ashen, discour— aged look on his face that is seen only on board ship. He spied the salad, studied it a moment in horror and then summoned the waiter. “Waiter," he whispered hoarsely, “waiter, do I eat that—or, did I”? The Mighty Ocean “Roll 011, thou deep and dark—blue ocean—roll! Ten thousand fleets sweep over thee in vain. ” He was tired, sleepy and One appreciates the strength of The S. S. Leviathan, largcst and finest ship afloat, operated by the Unitcd States Lines, for the U. sure preventative, a course of men— tal gymnastics to school my state of mind and thus ward it off, and diet— ing advice. My own advice is put. your trust in the L01‘d,—~01‘ castor oil will do nearly as well. Doctor Bcreman of South Dakota was one of the editors in our party. His title was purely honorary, but thoroughly fitting. lle was very learned, and pleasantly so, and he was a genial and tolerant but a. solid philosopher. We conferred the honorary doctorate upon him early on the trip and he lived up to it nobly. The doctor wasn’t seasick, but sometimes when the big ship jump— cd out of the furrow he would feel a little uneasy. One evening he felt especially disturbed, but we induc- ed him to come down to the dining room and out anyway. He sat wait— ing for his order with his head rest— ing in his hands, wearily, en the Shipping Boa-rd. Eryon’s powerful tribute when he is in the midst of the mighty ocean which prompted it. “The oak leviathans, whose huge ribs make Their clay creator the vain title take Of Lord of thee, war,— These are thy toys, and, as the snowy flake, They melt into thy yeast of waves, which mar Alike the Armada’s pride, and spoils of Trafalgar.” and arbiter of The sheer, unfathomable might of the ocean makes one tremble to contemplate consigning himself to a week out upon its trackless sur— face, for even the “oak Leviathan” which carried me across was tossed and rocked about as one of the ocean’s “toys” “‘Time writes no wrinkles on thine azure brow; Such as creation’s dawn beheld, thou rollest now!” If that be true, as it is, of course, the ocean was just as terrible and inconquerably mighty in 1492 as it is now. And that thought has led me to believe that no less than the continent of American itself could have justly been the \reward for so intrepid a sailor and so great an undertaking as Christopher Colum- bus and his exporation trips. A magnificant reward, it is true, but certainly an unprecedented under— taking! And when a landlubber like myself gazes out over the trackless ocean and can’t even feel North from South, and all about is just the same exactly, and he knows that land is a thousand m’iles away in every direction—and even straight dowu it is a mile or more—there is only one word to describe the feel- ing and that is “lost”. . But the landlubber knows that up in the crow’s nest stands the watch, and on the bridge is a zealous skip- per amid the Wizardry of his instru- ments, the highway signs of the ocean. He knows by his delicate compasses and those canny silver dials more about his minute by minute location than the average auto tourist does 011 a transcontin— ental highway. He knows that." he will reach land at a certain time and in a certain place; he knows that whether the wind is favorable or not he can make certain pro- gress, and he knows through the radio all that is happening about him. Columbus Took a Chance But Columbus had none of these. He didn’t know where he was going nor what he would find if he ever got there. He had to depend upon the weather not only for his pro— gress but for his very safety—and even the people in California know that the weather is always “unus- ual.” But he found the greatest land in the world, America, and I shall always say that he deserved it. The only thing he didn’t have against him was the immigration law. One of the lifeboats carried on the Leviathan is big enough to hold the combined crews of Columbus’ three ships—~and the big ship car— ries 76 of these lifeboats ready to be lowered into the water at me— ment’s notice. The S. S. Leviathan is the world’s largest and most luxurious ship. She is owned and operated by our own government as a first class pas— senger liner from New York to Southampton, England, and Cher- bourg, France. The Leviathan, or— iginally the “Vaterland” was built by Germany in 1914 and made just three trips across before the war broke out. He was then interned in New York and held there until she was seized by the United States gov— ernment in 1917. She was then converted into an army transDOI‘t and carried American soldiers over to fight against Germany. During the two years she was used for this purpose she was stripped of her furnishings and the decks cleared so that she carried 10,000 to 12,000 soldiers each trip instead of 3,400 passengers she was intended for. A Floating Hotel The great ship is 950 feet long and is nine decks high above the water line. Imagine a [great hotel three blocks long and a hundred feet Wide, nine stories high and with a basement 40 feet deep, and then imagine that hotel being driven 25 or 30 miles an hour out in the middle of the ocean with 4,500 people, or the population of a small city, on board, and you have the :S. S. Leviathan as it actually exists! There is enough carpet used on this ship to cover a pavement thirty feet wide. and a mile long, and enough oriental rugs to cover that with a strip 3 feet Wide dowu the full length of the mile. It takes 7 tons of butter and 8 tons of sugar on each round trip. The lobbies before the social hall ‘ (Continued on Page 17) ' .mflmwxw fig], mute-r “Hahn‘s. [v . . .-.w: a V. L/ . Qua;- ‘ “which. u; CELESTIAL PAPER IN HEART OF NEIV YORK.-—A Chinese compositor in the printing plant of the (‘hinese Reform paper, New York City, must have a hard job as- sembling his letters as there are 40,000! characters. PEBBLES INSTEAD OF PRAYER BEADS.—Bef0re wayside shrines in Japan can be seen many stone bowls filled with pebbles which are placed there by the wor— shippers. Each stone means a petition of seine sort in the form of a. prayer. he Japanese maiden is shown putting a stone in the bowl. states, who won Hoyt, Iowa; Rowena )leBane, Minnesota. son, Illinois; Douglas Curran, Blue Valley Creamery Company. Jerome Olson, So. Dakota; “'illard “'hitney, Nebraska; (Back row) Thompson \Vallace PRINCE OF IVALES STARTS PRESS.— The Prince of “'ales, press room of the New York Tribune, where he learned how to produce photographed CHADIPION CALI“ RAISIGRR—State (‘alf (Tlub (‘hampions from 1‘: a trip to the National Dairy Show Left to right: “'alter Ni Indiana; John Ilaedt, No. Dakota; Newman, Kentucky: Ralph “'iseonsin. 11- newspaper. (Front row) “'IIAT KIND OI‘V A llI'GGY IS TIIIS‘P—Four generations have ridden in this baby buggy owned for the paet 75 years by Ilabbe Yelde, l’ekin, lll. It was imported from Germany at that time. in the ARTIFICIAL SI'NIJGIIT FOR (‘lllL— DlthN.—()ne of the artificial sunlight machines which has been installed at the New York Nurs‘ery and ()hilds Hospital, to treat: children who are suffering front malnutrition and forms of tuberculosis. These “baths" have been found to be very beneficial to the little sufferers. as guests of the Kieron erman, Missouri; Victor l'hlig, ’atter- Schwart 1, Ohio; BLIND GIRL IS SONG “'RITER.—-1\Iiss Be— atrice Fenner, 19 year old blind girl of Los Angeles, Calif” has been praised by Mme. Galli Curci, famous opera singer for her ability to write songs. FORD'S conveyors, direct, the WANT TO BUY A BOAT?-—This is a. picture of an auction sale of rum runners bouts, captured by the prohibition forces, being held at the army base, Boaton, Massachusetts. All those wishing boats for “pleasure" purposes ought to be able to get a bargain. River Rouge plant the casting molds are to and from the metal furnaces, pouring being RIVER. ROUGE I’LANT.-—-At II different; qualities of metal going i molds for different parts of the car. TINIEST HOUSE IN NEIV 'YORK; -—Upper New York City boasts of the smallest house going, as seen in this picture. A steel frame was used for walls to save room. ' 'arried on endless EXPLORER T I1 I. I. H ()F ADVANCING GLACIERS —(‘apt. Donald ll. McMillan de— clared many glaciers up north, thought to be Htlllll. are slowly moving down to sea and breaking 011' into gigantic icebergs. enry Ford‘s nto separate RAGE OF THE HORRIBLES.——0n the Occasion of a re- cent “bike” race in Paris some 40 fun loving young people decided to introduce some comedy. This shows a. part of the parade that furnishes the fun for the bystanders. Original costumes, aren’t they? " ' (Copyright. Keystone View 00.) <‘.—~.——— w.‘ “fit. . l I i i t I i 1 i i ! I i 1 g i i s l 4 1 Ti q has echoed is maintained in the dis- MG m mm ALONG HIGHWAY. I would like to obtain: information »- in regards to brush and weeds along the public highway. When weeds and brush are allowed to grow along the highway so that in the winter it forms a windbrake so as to cause the snow to drift and blocade the road so as to make it impassable without a lot of work by those that travel the road, is not the road com- missioner, when notified, obliged to see that it is cut and removed?— A. R. B., Ludington, Michigan. HERE are two statutes relative to cutting noxious weeds but only one with reference to brush within the limits of the public highways. It is made the duty of the Overseer and Commissioner of Highways to cut or cause to be cut, prior to the first day of July in townships south of Range 16 North and prior to July 15th in townships north of Range 16 North, all brush and Weeds within the limits of the highways. Neglect or refusal to perform these duties is made a mis- demeanor, punishable by fine or im- prisonment or both. However, there would be no liability on the part of the Highway Commissioner for the cost of removing snow which accum- ulates by reason of neglect or refus— al to perform such duties. Act No. 66 of the Public Acts of 1919 provides for the cutting of noxious weeds and makes it the duty of every owner, possessor or occupi- er of land of every person, persons, firm or corporation having charge of any lands in this State to cut or cause to be cut all noxious weeds. The Act goes into considerable de- tail with respect to giving notice by the Highway Commissioners and for charging to the person or persons, whose duty it is to cut such noxious weeds, the cost of such cutting in case they are cut by the Highway Commissioner, as provided in the statute. Inasmuch as the adjoining land owners own to the center of the highway, Act No. 66 of the Pub- lic Acts of 1919 is undoubtedly broad enough to require such own- ers to cut noxious weeds Within the limits of the highway. It does not, however, mention brush and conse- quently, Chapter 24 of the general highway laws is the only statute relative to the cutting of brush with- in the limits of the public highways. —H. Victor Spike, Assistant Attor- ney General. HOLD MAN FOR DAMGES A man ask me to put out a garden on his farm and told me that the ground was not weedy. After the crops came up it got so weedy that I could not see the stuff I planted and yet at the same time he asked me to help him in his harvest and I did and let my garden go to help him and also when I took this land to garden it he said he would see that the garden truck got to town but did not do it and I lost by help— ing him in his harvest and on ac- count of the garden and harvest coming at the same time. Could I hold the man good for my loss or notl—W. G., Gaines, Mich. 0U could hold this man for damages for failing to do what he agreed to do, but I doubt if you could recover for the loss occas- ioned by your neglect of your own crops to help him, in absence of some agreement or understanding in the transaction.——Asst. Legal Editor. BOARD MAY PAY TUITION My school house is one and three- fourths miles away and the road is grown up to willows and almost im- passible and in winter drifts 4 feet high and there is no work done on the road. Can I make them pay my tuition to another school? I am one and one-fourth miles to another school with good roads—A. W., Ithaca, Mich. reply to the question raised I would state that any person five years of age and over has an equal right to attend the public school maintained in that district. Where a pupil lives nearer the schoolhouse of another district than his own the board of his district have authority to pay the tuition to the district the school house of which is nearer but they cannot be compelled by law to do so. As long "lag ailment for farmers' ev all (commas: renew for Information flare-s?“ “compacted you. All loan-i=0 munhe trict the board have met the legal requirements as to furnishing edu- cational advantages for their dis- trict. The school board have no author- ity concerning the maintenance and upkeep of roads. This matter is under the authority of the township. county, and state highway depart— ment.——G. N. Otweil, Supt. of Rural Education. OWNER FURNISHES ALL AND GETS TWO-THIRDS , Would like your advice on how to let my farm, most profitable to me and where I could remain on the place. I am a widow and own an 80-acre farm and have horses. cows, hogs and most all tools nec- essary for farming. What are the rules or law about the shares to give a man that takes it on shares. either where I furnish the horses and tools or where he furnishes them and about the feed to be fed them? Who must furnish the seed and other such as thresh bill, labor extra if needed? Where beets are planted what share of the expense of labor on same would I be obliged to pay? Would the law compel me to pay for labor while it is hired and also pay man for handling my share of beets? Where crops are let on halves or shares is the man oblig- ed to market all my produce such as hay, grain and other bulk? Should straw stay on the place after the grain is threshed? Where I furnish the horses has the man a right to use them to work on road or else— where for his own use earning wages and keep same? What about horse feed where I furnish them? Is it my place to keep them shod, and pay for shoeing? If I should let the farm in fields to different by full name and address. flame not us Wummmm to “bloom“ bend um ornamented.) parties what share can I expect or give where he furnishes his own team and tools? Where I fnnrish the horses must I furnish the feed for them or is he to furnish all the feed?—Mrs. M. B., Merrill, Mich. RE the owner furnishes ev- erything that i s land, tools and stock and the tenant the labor the owner receives two-thirds of the income and the tenant one-I third for his labor. Such expenses as feeds, and seeds purchased, fer- tilizer, twine, thresh bill, horse shoeing, etc. are borne in the same proportion as income. The tenant should stand all labor expense including marketing the produce under reasonable condi- tions. Straw should always remain on the farm to be used in the ma- nure, thus keeping up the soil. How- ever, the tenant has a right to his share of the straw providing there is any at the termination of lease. Provisions should be made in lease to keep straw on farm. If the tenant furnishes everything except land his share of income will be two-thirds and land owners one- third, providing other expenses as seed, etc. are borne by tenant. Contract labor such as rendered by the sugar beet company should be borne by both parties in the same proportion as income. Horses should be fed out of the undivided portion of the feed rais- ed, thus both parties sharing in the feed. One important thing to remember after agreeing on terms is to have them placed in writing drawu up by one who can state the terms clear— ly, thus avoiding any future mis- understandings and difficulties—F. T. Riddell, Research Asst. in Farm Management, M. A. C. FRUIT AND ORCHARD RAISING EVERBEARING STRAW- BERRIES Could you please tell me the best way to raise Everbearing Straw- berries. What kind of fertilizers to use and when to put it on them?— L. P., Dundee, Mich. V E R B E A R I N G strawberries should be panted in well pre- pared soil very early in the spring. Keep the plants well culti- vated and see that all blossoms are removed from the plants until about the first of July. After that time, the plants may be allowed to bear a crop of fruit. Plants which mature a good crop of berries in the fall usually do not bear well the following spring. For this reason the best commercial growers make new plantings each spring for the fall crop. Stable manure is, perhaps, the best fertilizer to use. It should be Well worked into the soil when it is prepared for planting. The best commercial fertilizers are acid phos- phate and ammonium sulphate. A mixture of 400 pounds of acid phos- phate and 2-00 pounds of ammonium sulphate may be applied when the plants are set in the Spring. One or more applications of ammonium sulphate applied around the plants during the summer months will be found beneficia1.—R. E. Loree, Asst. Prof. of Horticulture, M. A. C. SETTING OUT ORCHARD Could you give me some advice as to what variety of apple trees to set out? I want only one kind. Would you set out fall or winter apples? Would you set out Grimes Golden, Wealthy, Dutches, Gideons, Bald- wins or Rome Beautys? Which would hear the youngest? If you know of a better apple than the ones named please let me knot—P. W. 8., Sears, Mich. l‘ t he varieties mentioned Grimes Golden and Wealthy are the only ones recommended for c-mmerclal planting in Michigan and it is doubtful if either of these two varieties is as satisfactory as a number of others. Wealthy must be harvested at a: time :in W when they are in comparatively lit- tle demand in most of the larger markets. Grimes Golden is very subject to certain forms of collar rot and should not be planted unless the trees have been double worked -——that is, the Grimes Golden should be grafted on to a trunk of some strong growing variety like Gideon or Tolman. For your section of the State I would prefer to select some such varieties as McIntosh, Fameuse, Jonathan or possibly Delicious. These are all high quality red apples which come into bearing rather early and have proven themselves to be profitable Michigan varieties. ——-Roy E. Marshall, Assoc. Prof. of Horticulture, M. A. C. GUM OF PEACH TREE oozms OUT What is the cause of the gum of a peach tree oozing out through the bark? Is it an indication that the tree is not healthy? What can be done to prevent itl—R. J. C., To— ledo, Ohio. HE oozing out of gum from peach trees may indicate a dis- eased condition or it may not as the case may be. Oftentimes where these is a little cracking in the bark or where two limbs are crowding, a little gum oozes out where the limb is bruised, and hardens. However, the gum which oozes out of such a spot is usually a small amount. When considerable quantities of gum ooze out from the bark of peach trees it generally in- dicates the presence of borers or perhaps some other insect or even perhaps some fungus disease. The method of procedure is usually to cut out the infested or the infected tissue and thus get rid of the source of infestation or infection. If there in gun nosing out from many places onthosmailertwlgitisiihelyto indicate the presence or some insect or disease that may be controlled by spraying and under such conditions the matters should be brought to the attention of the Experiment Sta- tion Entomologist or Plant Patholo- gist—V. R. Gardner, Professor of Horticulture. It A. G. . CANNOT tract, payments due in . After three or four years Mr. 3 fails to pay taxes after which he rents part of the farm in October to C for pasture for the next year. Then in December he fails to make his payments and Mr. A forecloses and in three months has the farm back. CanChoidhispsrtrented for the next mash—L. B., Elberta, — Mich. GOULD not hold the portion of the farm he rented from B, as against A. The lessee‘s interest in the land would terminate upon the termination of the lessor, or landlord’s estate in the property, and after foreclosure of the land contract, A would have exclusive right of possession of the farm.— Asst. Legal Editor. BOARD CAN VOTE BUDGET Has a school board a legal right to vote the budget for the next year and not present it to the taxpayers at an annual meeting? Has the board a legal right to hire a janitor out of the district, when a man in the district offered to do the work and at $10.00 less per month? Has the board a right to buy or rent a hall for a gym, without a vote of the taxpayers? Who has the right to reduce grades in a 12 grade" school? If the taxpayers has not the right, who has, and how would they proceed to get it done3—S. F. B., Coral, Michigan. CHOOL boards and not electors vote all taxes for the mainten- ance of the school. A school board has the legal right to vote the budget at a school board meet- ing and is not required to present. it to the taxpayers at the annual meeting. The board has a legal right to hire a janitor outside the district regard- less of whether they pay him more than that for which another has of- fered to do the work. . The taxpayers must vote the money to buy or rent a hall for school purposes. It is the duty of the board of edu- cation in any graded school district to establish a high school when directed by a vote of the district at an annual or special meeting. There is no provision in the law for reducing the grades of a 12 grade high school.——C. L. Goodrich, Asst. Supt. of Public Instruction. INDORSER NOT NOTIFIED OF NON-PAYMENT I have been a reader of your paper since the time of the pink sheet. I enjoy reading it from cov- er to cover. I am seeking advice through the service department. A borrowed money at a bank asking B to sign with him. A has not paid the note. The note is two months past due. The bank has not notifi- ed B. Will B have to pay the note? Can B waive payment on the note? Will it have t6" be waived through another person? Thanking you in advance I remain, Yours very truly, ——C. F. B., Charlotte, Mich. F B signed as an endorser, he would not be liable on the note unless notified of A’s non-pay- ment, provided notice was not waiv— ed by a statement to that effect on the note itself.—-Asst. Legal Editor. HOW WILL PROPERTY BE DIVIDED Will you please answer the fol- lowing questions as I have heard different reports about it and come to you for correct answer through your helpful Service Bureau. What is the law of inheritance of second wife when there were no children of the second marriage but children of a prior marriage?—An Interested Subscriber, Kalkaska, Mich. ON the death of the husband, one third of his property would descend to his wife and the other two thirds to his children, whether by his present wife or a former wife—Asst. Legal Editor. WIFE WOULD an on mum lfamandiesandhhproperty is all in land. cattle and horses. having children how much can his wife hold at his death? Does she inst have the use of part of it?—-—Mrs.,W. R.. Almost. Michigan. --The wife would be entitled to one- HOLD ”Pm. , Mr. A sold Mr. B a farm ei'r‘ con- Decca: third of the property as her sownm Asst. Legal Editor ‘ ' r fima"u=:s,,..x .. , ”‘bétdber" 25‘, ‘1-924 ' » THE' EU s1 N’ESS “FAR M'E R (PAID POLITICAL) ADVERTISEMENT) (79) i 7 -— t l n URING the last year of the second Wilson adminis— tration, even after the reaction from high war prices, the farm crops of the United States were worth $10,197,092,000. During the first year of the Harding-Coolidge adminis- tration their value shrunk to $6,410,229,000. During the last year of the last Democratic adminis- tration, livestock and livestock products had a value of $7,419,000,000. ”i During the first year of the Harding-Coolidge admin— .. istration, their value fell to $5,468,000,000. During the last year of the last Democratic adminis— tration, the average acre of farm crops was worth $35.74. ‘ During the first year of the Harding-Coolidge adminis— tration, the average value of an acre of farm crops was $14.45. Although proportionate production has been main— tained, the increase in the value of crops and of live- 1 How theFarmer Has Gone Broke er This Administration stock and livestock products during the later years of the Harding-Coolidge administration has been so small as to be trifling. ' ' Every piece Ofelegis‘lation enacted during the Hard- ing-Coolidge administration intended for the aid or re- lief of the farmer, has been passed through the cooper- ation of Democrats and independent western Repub— licans, and over the opposition of Republican leaders, particularlyfiSpeaker Gillett and Senator Lodge, of Mass— achusetts, epublican Floor Leader Longworth, of the House, and Representative Winslow, of Massachusetts, Chairman of the House Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. On every piece of legislation of interest to agriculture, the proportion of favorable votes by Democrats has been greater than that of Republicans, and that of opposing votes has been smaller than among Republicans, and this ‘5 Waxla'idzun, . , , CHAMPLAIN STUDIOS Ill/q, FOR PRESIDENT JOHN W. DAVIS 600,000 Farmers In Fifteen States Ruined Since 1921 Under.the Harding-Coolidge adminis— tration’s ruinous policy of deflation, of a prohibitive tariff and commercial isola— tion, shutting off export markets for the surplus products of American farms, more than 25 per cent, one in four, of the farmers in the States West of the Missis— sippi River have been pauperized, either by bankruptcy proceedings, by voluntarily surrendering their farms and homes to their creditors, or by becoming economic serfs to those creditors. In fifteen States, 600,000 farmers have been economically ruined since 1921! The figures are from the Department of Agri- culture’s official reports, under the pres— ent Republican Secretary. They apply only to January 1, 1924; if bankruptcies during 1924 were added, the total would be even more appalling, for during the first six months of 1924 there were 342 bank failures in States west of the Missis- sippi River, and they reflect the plight of the farmer in the agricultural and stock— raising States of that section. During the last three years of the , second Wilson administratioii, 1918 to _ 1920, inclusive, there wereonly 189 bank failures in the entire country, What the Democrats Offer the Farmer The democratic party has a definite program by means of which we hope to restore to the farmer the economic equality of which he has been unjustly deprived. We undertake: To adopt an international policy of such ('.()-O])(‘l’ilii()ll, by direct otlicial instead of indirect and evasive unofficial means, as will re-establish the farmer’s export market. by restoring); the industri- al balance in Europe and the normal flow of international trade with the settlement of Europe’s economic problems. To adjust the tariff so that the farmer and all other classes can buy awiin in a competitive market. To reduce taxation, both direct and indirect, and by strict economy to lighten the bun-dens of Government. To readjust. and lower rail and water rates, which will make our markets, both for the buyer and the seller, national and interna- tional instead of regional and local. To bring about the c'arly com- pletion of internal waterway sys- te'ms for transportation, and to develop our water powers for cheaper fertilizer and use on our farms. To stimulate by every proper governmental activity the pro- gress of the co-operative market; movement and the establislnnent of an export marketing eorpora~ tion or commission in order that the exportable surplus may not establish the price of the whole crop. To secure for the farmer credits suitable for his needs. This is our platform and our program; and if elected, I purpose with the aid of a. democratic Congress, to put it into effect.”— Frorti the speech of John \V. Davis at 'Omaha, Neb., Sep- tember 6, 1924. has been true of both House and Senate! CSMITH> GARDNEM FOR VICE-PRESIDENT CHARLES W. BRYAN Heavy Decline In Buying Power Of Farmer’s Dollar Figures prepared by the Joint Com— mission (Congressionall of Agricultural Inquiry and by Henry (7. \Vallace, :Secre— tary of Agriculture in the Harding-Cool— idge administration, picture the serious plight of the farmer. The purchasing power of the. farmer’s dollar represents what he gets for the products of the farm he sells and what he pays for food and other necessaries of life which he must buy. From 1913 to 1919, under a Deniocratic administration and Democratic tariff, the farmers’ dollar was worth: In 1913, 100 cents; in 1914, 105 cents; in 1915, 103 cents; in 1916, 97 cents; in 1917, 107 cents; in 1918, 112 cents; in 1919, 112 cents. These are the figures of the Agriculture Commission,whose study went only to 1920. Secretary Wallace brought t h e m through 1922. In 1921, the first year of the Harding—Coolidge administration, the farmer’s dollar was worth only 84 cents, and in 1922, only 89 cents. In 1923, because of the increased prices for clothing, fuel, farm implements and other things the farmer must buy, meas— ured in other than food and farm prod~ ucts, the- purchasing power was only 59.5 cents! . COMMON HONESTY— VOTE FOR DAVIS AND BRYAN «‘ 1 COMMON J USTICE— COMMON commas—- 4.. permit the U. S. Government to pass laws so that children under 18 cannot be employed in any gainful occupation. Before we vote on this question, let us stop and think what such laws as that would be like. Most of the states have passed laws regulating child labor within their bounds, and others are likely to pass them, so why should the general government interfere with matters that belong to them, and thus make a let of confusion and extra cost. Again many children under 18 are working because if they did not they would suffer for want of food and clothes, and what will become of them if t‘iey are deprived of a chance to make an honest living. It is easy to say “let their parents do it, the children ought to be school until they are 18”. But, many have no parents living or their only ones are poor widOWS with some small children that would become a public charge and others have old sick or crippled parents or grandparents, hardly able to live at all. Is it best to destroy their self respect by mak— ing them a public charge so they need not work for pay? Even if their parents can clothe and school them while they get their needed exercise through various kinds of sport,.what will they be af- ter being coddled until they are 18 years old. A glance over the his— tories of those who have been great and useful, and it will be found that they are folks that were accustomed to doing things for themselves in— stead of expecting “Dad”. One trouble that is worrying the statesmen is the fast decreasing birth rate caused largely by the heavy burden of caring for children according to present day ideals. Should the proposed laws be passed they will add to the burdens of par— ents and cause a still lower birth rate. If we farmers want to know how drastic laws will be drawn, we can remember that an amendment was offered to exempt farmers and others that employ their children at home. But it was voted down, so if we do not want the oflicers after us every time we have our children work for us we had better vote down the proposed U. S. constitutional amendment—Francis G. Smith, Isa- belle County, Mich. SHIEEP RAISER HASN’T TAKEN HARDEST BUMPS O the EdltOI‘I—THE BUSINESS FARMER has always been a wel- come visitor in our home. Its faithful, and instructive service di— rectly in the interest of the farm world, has earned the active support of every farmer in the state. As you are aware, my present vo- cation is selling personally owned wild land to real honest—to—goodness settlers, who in many cases are un— able to finance the purchase of im- proved farms. I must now, in refer- ing to my vocation, speak in the past tense, as the lure of the city, and the many improved farms, from coast to coast, for sale on any terms obtainable, has practically checked i’ the sale for wild land, in our county for the present. It does seem as if “vocation” as applied to my calling, is destined to be one long veary vacation, with nothing to do but borrow tax money, renew obligations, and try to extract some comfort out of a five cent cig- ar until the “back to the land” rush sets in. While my dome calls for a shrunken hat band, and old age has jellied my muscles, thank heaven, my system is still charged with con— fidence, the one indispensible asset of a certified land dealer, and when 'I come to think it over, this is also ‘ the right bower of many successful politicians—flanked by an able sec— retary. But, this is neither here nor there. The burning question just now with your Uncle Dudley is, how am I to connect continuously with :good ten cent cigars during this per- :lod of normalcy. - Am not only concerned about the quality of my smoke, but, speaking as a Jackson Democrat, to a bunch of Texas Republicans, it certainly is a long time between eats. However, Michigan is not so .bad a place to 'live in after all. When republicans . and democrats can so readily agree, i‘ who knows how soon the tempering f » -m emu mm” Ram" ,' m -, , the men—The object of the ' child labor amendment is to“ ' climate surrounding the state cap- itol will become real habitable for the rebels? Baker‘says, Groesbeck has crucified the tax payers, and wants to commit the crime a-third time. Groesbeck says, Baker could do no better, and Frensdorf says they are telling the truth. Varying the subject somewhat—cool weather has retarded our corn and beans, otherwise everything is lovely on the farm. Winter wheat and oats is turning out 30 to 60 bushels per acre. Alfalfa and sweet clover ex— cellent. Wool around 40 cents per pound. Lambs $7 to $9 per head, with potatoes the usual gamble as to price. The farmer in Northern Michigan, depending upon wool and mutton, can pat himself on the back, while the sheepless farmer is kicking him- self for lack of foresight, and pre— judice against the most profitable animal on Michigan farms. The writer, from the very first visit in Michigan, recognized in Northeastern Michigan, the real shepherd’s home, or rather, the shepherd’s real home, with just a little bitter mixed with the sweets. If only sheep could be accustomed to a winter diet of snow balls. For believe me, no real shepherd, up— holding the traditions of the past. is a personal friend of hard labor. On no other ground can one account for the popularity of the shepherd craft with the old dogs in Biblical times. When the writer arrived here 23 years ago, for a short visit, sweet clover, a legume destined in a few years to render an annual value to the farm world, in feed and fertiliz— er, equal in amount to the annual production of gold in the entire world, was everywhere regarded as a worthless weed, and alfalfa was practically an unknown factor in northern Michigan, but an abund- ance of June clover hay, in stacks and in mow, greeting my eye on all sides, and begging for buyers around $6 per ton instantly un- wound my thinker. My dream to become a real shepherd developed full feathers over night. Why, I had the world by the seat of the pants, so to speak. At last, I had found a condition most ideal for the one ancient and venerated occupa- tion that would function without . S ' I. M... _ - 33:1 seek's, but few find. All I had to do was simply buy winter feed from my neigthrs, give the sheep the run of the big open— ings from early spring to late fall, then welcome the drover with wide open arms, and in order not to ap- pear an idler in my wife’s eyes, during the long summer days, I could put in non-union hours, whip- ping trout streams, or seeking out new bass lakes. There was not a single kink or curve in the road to affluence, I had visualized. I Could see this road clearly from end to Work, and which every sun of a gun . end. But just as soon as I landed my sheep on the ranch land, from the Chicago“ stockyards, I’ll be hang- ed, if the contrary farmers it seem— ed all at once decided to feed up their hay stacks, and in the end I was forced to clear land for winter 'feed. Just when I thought I had wiggled out of hard work, I discov- ered, to my disappointment I had fallen into it up to my neck. During my ten years adventure with a band of sheep, with by side pardner faithfully juggling pots and pans, I never realized over $3.75 per head for my lambs, running from 75 to 100 lbs., and marketed late in October or early November. Free- dom from fly pests in October and November assured me lambs that Were toppers. For the wool I nev- er,received over 25‘ cents per pound, and had to haggle like the old Har- ry to get this—and I thought I was doing immense as I considered the wool returns amply compensated for the winter feed. Now, when I behold our farmers, at this writing, holding their lambs at $10 per head, with an abundance of dependable sweet clover and al— falfa available for the growing, with which to supplement June clover, etc., in the economical production of wool and mutton, which I had not the benefit of in my romantic exper— ience as a gentleman shepherd, and lamb crops seldom falling below 100 per cent, except when poorly man- aged, I am forced to seriously doubt if agriculture in northern Michigan, where the golden hoofed sheep was prominently represented, has taken the bumps in the last three years that has fallen to the lot of .many, in other lines of endeavor.—John G. Krauth, Presque Isle County. RADIO DEPARTMEN THE SUDION, OR “GOLDEN RULE TUBE" OR a little over a year there has been on the market a new vac- uum tube to be used for a de- tector in radio receiving sets, called the Sodion tube, type 8-13, which we have been testing out and have found to have exceptional merits in many ways. It gives clear, undistorted tones, and equals a crystal in clearness with the advantage that it is many times more sensative to weak radio signals than a crystal, in fact it is practically equal to the ordinary tube used in a regenerative circuit, such as a single circuit receiver, us- ing one tube. It does not whistle or howl as do other tubes in a regen- EDITED BY J. HERBERT FERRIS, R. E. erative circuit and when the proper adjustments are made between the coils in a set it does much to e1imin-. ate static troubles. The present type of Sodion tube cannot be substituted for the ordin- ary tube in the present type of cir— cuits, but—with a few changes which are simple to make your single circuit tuner can be changed to use this new tube and you will be delighted with the wonderful tone and quality of music and voice that you will hear. A one or two step amplifier can be added to a set using the Sodion tube, but the amplified will have to use the ordinary type of tubes. Where the loud speaker is used, the continual howling that is ex— fler/d son/m ”55am ' Sodion tube hook-up. L1 and L2, 50 turns No. 24 wire on 3 In. tube. m, 40 to 50 oh: W- 00 eh m , .32. inflated-an . e j .-~ » , jfiafm if = ,_ "dimers; for there 'is none. . The" only sound that you hear is a veryh .’ slight hiss as you tune ‘in to the“ broadcasting station, if they are on- the air, but not sending out any: thing at the time: if they use actual-3. 1y broadcasting all you hear is the music or-voice. No grid leak or grid condenser is i used with this tube, a special socket is needed or an adapter to fit your present socket. A rheostat of about 15 ohms is needed when using this tube with a storage battery. A po- tentiometer is also used, all of these can be purchased from the dealer who handles thistube. The cost is small for the parts and the change from a regenerative set to a Sodion circuit is not expensive and easy to make. One of the reasons that we recom- mend the Sodion tube is that it does away entirely with the interference to your neighbors caused by your use of a regenerative circuit. Maybe you have noticed the faint little whistles you hear when you are listening to, a broadcast, some call these sounds “birdies" as they sound like the twittering of a bird, this is caused by regenerative sets near you radiating their energy out into the air and where there is a re- generative set near you all your broadcasts are spoiled and in turn every time you tune-in and use re— generation you are Spoiling the re- ceiving for a neighbor even if he is several miles away. The ordinary single circuit tuner is the worst of- fender along this line, tho it brings in the broadcasts very loud. We are giving a diagram of a hook—up here for the Sodion tube, the coils for which you can easily wind (but do not shellac them) the parts you can buy. In a near future issue we will publish a photo of a single circuit tuner that has been changed over into a Sodion tube set. telling the exact changes necessary to change over your set. But by following this diagram you can see that you can use most of your pres- ent parts. If your present set uses 6 ohm rheostat just add another 6 or 10 ohm rheostat in series with it for the required resistance of 16 ohms. The coils can be wound on ordinary cardboard tubes 3 inches in diameter, but for best results they must be spaced about 4 to 5 inches apart. The farther apart you place these coils the sharper your tuning will be and the more selectiveness you will have. After once setting the distance of your coils the sharper your tuning will be and the more selectiveness you will have. After once setting the distance of your coils no changes will have to be made, and only when you first light up the tube will you have to adjust the potentiometer. The only tuning you will have to do will be with the condenser, and a vernier condenser is recommended for this. In the tests that we have made with this tube we have heard all of the stations we used to hear with a regenerative circuit and with a great deal more pleasure. As the negative side of the Po- tentiometer is the only part used the makers of the tube recommend a 40 ohm potentiometer with a 100 ohm resistance connected to the positive side as shown in the diagram. If your dealer does not and can- not supply you with this tube and necessary parts send us a self ad- dressed post card and we will tell you where you can buy them. MUTUPIPLYING SOUNDS BY RADIO IGNOR MARCONI, speaking the other day in Rome, promised that before long speech will be heard by radio from a given station all over the world at once, a promise that may thrill the 3,000,000 American homes already equipped with radio apparatus, and add im- petus to the onward rush 'of an in- dustry that is reported to. have grown from sales amounting to}; trivial $2,000,000 in 1929, 50 $120,— 000,000 in 1923, and by estimate to $350,000,000 in 1924. Assuming 24,000,000 as the, approximate num— ~ber of homesinthe United States, a statistician twriting - in Radio News says that nearly 13,000,000 of them have automobiles, 0,000,009 have phonographs, and 3,000,099. 1 \ have radio sets. ~m.u..,a,.. Give Credit where Credit is Due! THREE per cent of Michigan’s population of ten years and over cannot read or write. The nation’s average is twice as high—six per cent. Thirty states have more illiterates than Michigan. There are 2,203 negro and 14,172 native white illiterates in Michigan These are United States Census Bureau figures. They disprove the claims of propagandists that there are more than one-half million people 1n Michigan who cannot read or write. Michigan people are broadminded, tolerant and educated. They are products of schools that are second to none in America. Public, Private and Church Schools have worked together 1n a program of state- wide education. Each deserves credit for the part it has played. If Michigan were to adopt the School Amend- ment, private and church schools would have to be closed in less than nine months! Nearly 125,000 pupils would be thrown into an already overcrowded public school system. Chaos would prevail. Work would be disorganized. System would be destroyed. Taxes would go up. . Many children would be put on a part time basis. Michigan’s splendid record for literacy would be threatened. Preserve our high standard of education by vot- ing “NO!” You Can Trust the Parents! _ *l A «I? HE parents of America may be trusted to choose the right school for their children, whether it be a public, private or church school. Michigan has a high standard of Education, and ALL schools are faithfully striving to meet it. Unless the School Amendment is defeated, pri- vate and church schools will be abolished. This would mean, in effect, that our great Amer- ican Democracy no longer trusts the parents to guide the education of their own children. ENO MICHIGANVASSOC‘IATION 01' PRIVATE AND CHURCH SCHOOLS MITTEES ' mmmflWMfi on the School Amendment. / *9: . .. CHAPTER I. The Man Who the Storm Haunted EAR the northern end of Lake Michigan, where the bluff-bowed ore-carriers and the big, low-lying, Wheat-laden steel freighters from Lake Superior push out of the Straits of Mack— inac and dispute the right of way, in the islands divided channel, with the white— and-gold, electric lighted, wireless equip- ped passenger steamers bound for Detroit and Buffalo, there is a copse of pine and hemlock back from the shingly beach. From this copse——dark, blue, primeval, silent at most times as when the Great Manitou ruled his inland waters—there comes at time of storm a sound like the booming of an old Indian drum. This drum beat, so the tradition says, when— ever the lake took a life; and, as a sign perhaps that it is still the Manitou who rules the waters in spite of all the com- merce of the cities, the drum still beats its roll for every ship lost on the lake, one heat for every life. So-—