2%

.Jz‘

~*-—— ..&— ...- a.‘\

 

 

;

/ /,, /

7/ ////,.
7'//’/.//7/

:

VOL. CX1.V. NO. 24
Whole Number 3892

    

DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JUNE 10, 1916

4 /
arr.
.. do¢w€4a
AB

M

The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

 

I

/
I i
\r
t /

/

@//n '

7///,////////// '

SHED

 

5 50 CENTS A YEAR.
412 FOR 5 YEARS,

 

 

on

Bracing Fruit and Shade Trees

RACING the limbs of fruit trees is
largely a commercial proposition
for its purpose is mainly to save

a portion of the crop of fruit that
would otherwise be lost and also to in-
sure the future life of weak members
of the tree crown for bearing crops.
To preserve perfect symmetry 01' out-
line is in this case secondary.

With shade trees the purpose is
mainly aesthetic, although due atten-
tion should be given to anchoring the
limbs which, in falling might endanger
the lives of those who pass or the util-
ity of buildings standing underneath.
The principles involved in bracing the
weak and broken limbs of both shade
and fruit trees have many points in
common.

Weak wooded trees such as the ap~
ple, peach, pear anti plum of the fruit
tree varieties and soft maple and bass-
wood of the shade trees are particular-
ly subject to breakage and splitting.
Good evidence of the need of bracing
can be gained when the limbs are heav-
ily laden with fruit, snow or sleet or
when subjected to the effects of heavy
wind. To avoid disturbing the trees
when about to ripen the fruit, it is a
good precaution to tend to the bracing
early in the season. An added advan-
tage is that there is less danger of
breakage while the work is being done
and the branches are easier to hold in
place while braces are being tightened.

One passing through the farming or
fruit growing districts of the state
when the heavier fruits are ripening
must be impressed with the great ex-
tent of injury to trees and to the enor-
mous loss of fruit in the aggregate
caused by the breaking down of heav-
ily laden branches. Breakage may oc-
cur at a time near enough to that of
the ripening of the fruit that it will
mature on the broken branch. The
liability of breakage increases as the
fruit nears maturity anti may occur
even on calm days due to the gradual-
ly increasing weight of the fruit. The
fruit grower attempts to prevent break-
age by timely and judicious pruning
and removal of the more imperfect
specimens of fruit previous to ripen-

 

 

 

Bracing Should be Done in Time to
Prevent Branches Splitting Apart.

‘ By W. 1.

ing but is not always successful in his
efforts.

It is very evident that as we are
dealing with growing trees, many of

GILSON

years’ additional growth the loop of
wire will be completely filled and the
branch must die from strangulation un-
less the wire is very fine in which case

the bracing methods used in structural a healthy callous may grow completely

 

 

 

Timely Bracing Prevents the Formation of Ugly Wounds.

work are not adapted here. The best
methods are aimed toward securing
firm support, of the limbs and at the
same. time causing the minimum of in-
jury to the living tissues of the grow-
ing tree.

Common but Injurious Methods of

Bracing.

The simplest, and most common
method of bracing is to place a rigid
support from the ground to the weak
branch. The several disadvantages of
this are that the pole forms an ob-
struction beneath the tree, the wind is
liable to raise the limb and allow the
brace to fall, and bark injuries are
caused where it makes contact with
the branch. In other cases, common
wire has been used to attach weaker
limbs to stronger ones capable of giv-
ing support. The opposite ends of the
wire are usually attached by placing
one end COmpletely around the 'limb to
be'braced and the other around the
supporting branch. The result is the
girdling of one-half or more of the cir-
cumference of each limb. With a few

over it. Even metal bands have been
placed around limbs to give a point of
attachment for the braces with the re-
sult that the limbs so affected are
completely girdled.
Correct and Simple Methods of
Bracing Limbs.

The simplest method of bracing is
by using a pole with one end resting
on the ground and the other support-
ing the branch. Instead, however, of
using a forked stick which would
cause injury to the bark, the, support-
ing pole is prepared by boring a small
hole in the end lengthwise of the pole
and inserting into it. tightly a small
piece of rod iron, allowing the end to
protrude an inch or more.‘ Next a hole
of the same size is bored on the under
side of the limb and the projecting rod
inserted into it. A prop of this kind
will stay in place and may be even
lifted from the ground when the limb
is'raised by a gust of wind but remain
in position to support the limb again
when it returns to natural position.

The most neat and satisfactory meth-

od of bracing is by attaching weaker
limbs to others capable of giving sup-
port. For all but the heaviest limbs,
wire, either single or doubled, depend-
ing upon the strain it is to be subject-
ed to, is ordinarily satisfactory and is
also cheap.

in case the strain is moderate, a
screw eye can be inserted into each of
the limbs to be braced antl these con-
nected by a single piece of No. 10 or
12 galvanizd wire.

There is also another method which
requires no equipment except a brace
and bit. and nails anti wire. A small
hole is bored through each limb at the
point where the brace is to be fastened
and approximately in the direction in
which the brace is to pull. The wire
is fastened by passing it through the
hole then bending the end back to
form a loop. The nail is inserted in the
loop and the free end of the wire tuck-
ed into the hole an inch or more when.
the loop is pushed into the hole draw—
ing the nail tight to the bark. The nail
should be parallel to the grain of the
wood and the bark cut away in under
it sufficiently that the callous can grow
over the nail.

Wire braces may be attached by bor-
ing two holes through the branch in-
stead of one, starting them at the same
point. btit having them diverge so as to
come out. about an inch and a half
apart on the opposite side. The wire
is then passed through one hole and
brought. back through the other. The
method of attachment to each limb is
the same.

Bracing Heavy Branches.

The methods already described are
well adapted where the strain is not
great but: for large fruit trees, and es-
pecially for fullgrown shade trees,
chain is rather bulky and unsightly
when rusted badly. Aside from itsiap~
pearance it serves the purpose well.
\Vire rope or cable is neat in appear-
ance and inconspicuous when in place.
\Vire twisted or doubled several times
has about the same value.

To fasten the brace to the tree in a
firm manner, bore a hole through the

(Continued on page 732).

 

 

 

A Vigorous Tree May Form a Callous
Over Wires Encircling Branches.


  

730+2

The Michigan Farmer
Establilbed 1843. Copyright 1916.

The Lawrence Publishing Co.

Editors and Proprietors

39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit. Michigan
TELEPHONE MAIN 4525.

NEW YORK OFFIC Iii—181 Fourth Ave.

CHICAGO OFFC 8—604 Advertising Building.

CLEVELAND OFFICE—10114015 Oregon Ave.. N. E.

PHILADELPHIA OFFICE-261463 South Third St.

M, ]. LAWRENCE .................................... afregidcn!
M. L. LAWRENCE ................................ Vice—President
E. H. HOUGHTON .................................... sccgrrm

l. R. WA'I‘EKBURYN ....

BURT WERMU'I‘H--- - Associate
FRANK A. WILKEN. .... Editors
ALTA LAWSON LI'ITELL.............L .........

E, H. HOUGHTON .......................... Buying). Mana‘cl

  
 

 

 

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:
One year. 52 lunch-m.-
Two years. 104 issue-u

 
  
   

Five years. 260 iuueu~ .......
All cent postpaid.
Canadian Iubacriptions 50¢ a year extra for poiflzc.

 

RATES OF ADVERTISING:

40 cents per line agate type measurement. or 35.60 per
inch (14 agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv't tn
netted for leu than 31.20 each inlertion. No objection
able advertisementl inserted at any price.

 

Mom Standard Farm Paper: Auociation and Audit
ureau oi Circu tion.

 

Enterd as second clan matter at the Detroit. Michigan.
postofl'ice.

, DETRQIT, JUNEl/t), 1916

 

CURRENT COMMENT.

Milk producers in
every section of the
state where there
is not now in exist-
ence a local organization of dairymen,
should take early steps toward the for.
mation of a milk producers’ associa<
tion, which will include in its member-
ship every dairyman in the commu-
nity. The state organization known as
the Michigan Milk l’roducers‘ Associa-
tion, which was formed at East Lan-
sing on May 23, cannot effectively
work for the interest of the milk pro-
ducers of' the state without their gen-
eral affiliation anti co-operation to that
end.

The declared purpose of this state
organization is “to promote in any and
all legal ways the interests of the milk
producers of Michigan by mutual c0-
Operation in producing, buying, selling
and marketing all milk and dairy pro-
ducts within the state of Michigan.”
Undoubtedly the question of market-
ing is one which will receive compara-
tively early consideration since all the
available data tend to show that milk
is being marketed from Michigan farms
at a price which does not pay adequate
compensation for the cost of produc-
tion, including ordinary wages for the
work expended in this department of
farm production.

Figures compiled regarding the cost
of producing milk show wide varia«
tions. The Extension Division of the
Michigan Agricultural College recently
published a circular giving official data
from six different sources showing the
local cost of production and varying
from $1.586 per cwt in an official trial
conducted in Michigan last year, to
$2.42 as reported by the Massachusetts
Experiment Station. The Michigan
trial conducted in Kent county in 1914
showed a cost of $1.674 per hundred
pounds, as compared with $1.586 in a
similar test in 1915. This represented
the net cost after a reasonable allow-
ance had been made for returns from
the dairy other than the milk, and in-
asmuch as these are lOWer than any
other official figures presented in the
circular, it is a safe conclusion that
they are conservative. The same cir-
cular shows the May price of standard
market milk at different points in the
state to vary from $1.25 per hundred
weight to $1.40 per hundred weight,
with the price at three of the five
points given at $1.30 per hundred
weight.

Under these conditions, and in view
of the successful campaign conducted
by the organized dairymen in the Chi-
cago district, there is no question but
that the milk produced upon Michigan
farms can be marketed to much better
advantage under a plan of cooperative
bargaining than under the plan now in

Milk Producers
Should Organize.

 

THE,MICnLGA

vogu‘e of. permitting buyers and distrib-
utors to fix a schedule of prices which
does not take into account the cost of
production. In order that this may be
accomplished, it is essential that an
effective organization he in existence
in every dairy community and closely
affiliated with the state milk producers’
association.

The other benefits which may be de‘
rived from organization will likewise
be more easily accomplished if the 10-
cal organizations throughout the state
include practically all commercial
dairymen within the state. Such an
organization can the of great benefit to
the dairymen of the state along other
lines included in the above noted dec-
laration of purposes. One of the par-
ticular things which the state associa-
tion will try to do will be to secure the
protection of their industry by an ef-
fective protest against the admission
of milk in cans, duty free, with a view
of preventing unjust competition at
the close of the great war. There are
many other ways in which such an or-
ganization can be useful to the indus-
try, but as above noted, if it is to be of
maximum use, it must include in its
membership practically all the dairy-
men of the state, for which reason this
appeal for early organization is ad-
dressed to the dairy farmers of‘ every
community where such an organization
does not now exist.

While the activities
of county agricultural
agents have come to
be fully appreciated
in counties where farm bureaus are
maintained and county agents are em-
ployed, there is not a very adequate
conception of that work in other coun-
ties not at present so organized.

A statistical summary of such activ-
ities is contained in the report of coun-
ty agricultural work in Michigan by Dr.
Mumford, state leader, for the period
from April 3 to April 29 inclusive. This
summary shows that the county agents
in the twenty-two counties in which
the work is now organized made farm
visits to the numberof 1,023, received
personal calls at headquarters from
farmers numbering 1,124, answered tel-
ephone calls on county agent to the
number of' 1,197, published a total of
29 articles on local agricultural prob-
lems in the local press, wrote "a total
of 2,611 letters and distributed 1,603
bulletins and 5,328 circulars.

When it is considered that these ac-
tivities of the county agents had to do
with pressing local agricultural pro-
lems in the counties where they serv-
ed, the importance of this direct per-
sonal work will be more generally ap-
preciated. In addition to this personal
work, 46 demonstrations were conduct-
ed and 54 meetings held during the
month, at which there was a total at«
tendance of 758 farmers. Besides these
demonstration meetings, a total of' 222
other meetings were held by agricul-
tural agents during this period, which
were attended by a total of 9,985 farm-
ers. This direct personal means of" dis-
tributing up-to-date agricultural infor-
mation and conveying ideas which the
experience of other farmers suggested,
is a very potent force for the better“
ment of the agriculture of any county
which is sufficiently progressive to or-
ganize a farm bureau and secure the
services of a trained man as county
agricultural agent.

In this connection it is of‘ interest to
note the wide variation in the leading
activities of' county agents in different
parts of the state. In counties where
hog cholera was prevalent, this was
among the leading subjects given at-
tention by the county agents. In the
fruit producing counties the conduct-
ing of orchard demonstrations was no
ticably frequenta In other counties the

County Agricul-
tural Work.

organization of boys’ and gilrs’ clubs

and farmers’ marketing associations
were among the leading activities of
the county agent. In other counties
soils and crops were noted as leading
projects, while farm management and
the betterment of live stock came in as

Dmminent projects in a. great many
counties. .

This line of work has now been in
operation in many Michigan counties
for a sufficient length of time so that
its benefits have become apparent, and
farmers are increasingly enthusiastic
with regard to its possibilities for the
betterment of the future agriculture of
their communities.

Michagan farmers have
Bankers Aid become familiar with
Agriculture. boy and girl club work

through the development
of that work in Michigan in recent
years. The boy and girl club idea was
first tried out in the southern states by
the department of agriculture co-oper-
ating with the agricultural colleges of
various states. This work has gradu-
ally been extended, and during the past
year pig clubs have been the new de-
velopment along this line in several
southern and a few other states.

Business men and bankers in the
southern states have been particularly
interested in this movement because
of the need of a greater diversification
of agriculture in the southern states.
A recent report from the department
of agriculture tells how the banks in
many sections have aided in this work.
A case in point is that of a Texas bank,
the president of which placed 326 pigs
among the pig club members of his
county, taking their personal notes for
the value of same. This method of
financing the pig club work gave the
boys and girls an insight into business
methods as well as pork production,
thus affording a double benefit from
their club activity. As a natural course
of' events, this was also profitable to
the bank, which through this method
secured many new patrons which
brought to the bank over $75,000 in in’
dividual deposits.

Michigan bankers and banks have
been most liberal in their support of
the propaganda for agricultural devel-
Opment in this state. In many cases
they have been active workers for and
liberal contributors to funds for the
employment of county agents as a
means of introducing this work into
their counties. The State Bankers’ As-
sociation has also taken an active in-
terest in agricultural deveIOpment
through a permanent committee ap-
pointed for this purpose.

While much good has resulted from
their activities along this line, the
methods employed by the southern
banks as above mentioned in encour-
aging juvenile interest in agriculture
may well afford them' a suggestion for
application in Michigan wherever the
opportunity affords to aid the boys and
girls of their respective communities
in the carrying out of agricultural pro-
jects, and at the same time giving them
valuable business experience and train
ing.

The Public Rela<

The Pere Marquette tions l) e pa rt -
Reorganization. ment of the Pere
Marquette Rail-

road has announced that at the re-
quest of a committee representing the
holders of a majority in amount of the
securities of the company, application
has been made to the Michigan Rail-
road Commission i'or the approval of
a tentative plan of reorganization
which has been agreed upon after
many months of effort to arrive at a
plan which would be satisfactory to
the various interests involved.

Comment 011 the details of this plan
would be premature at this time, since
the hearing by the Railroad Commis-
sion will not occur until June 20. Gen-
erally speaking, the plan involves a re
duction in the total capitalization of
the company from $114,439,563 to $105,-
000,000, which amount will include $16,—
000,000 of new money for the payment
of accumulated indebtedness and the
providing of needed equipment and ad-
equate working capital for the road.
The plan would also reduce the annual
interest charges by the very substan-
tial amount. '

Whether or not the proposed plan

‘ . JUNE. .10- 1.916-

‘will be acceptable, to the Railroad Com-

mission cannot, of course, be foretold.
From the standpoint of the people of
the state, particularly those located on
the least profitable of the branch lines
of this system, it is undoubtedly desir-
able that some settlement of the prob‘
lem be reached whereby the integrity
of the system may be maintained and
needed service given to these outlying
communities. Undoubtedly the natural
growth of“ the agriculture and business
of these communities will in time make
these branches profitable.

The point which must, of course, be
considered by the Commission is the
protection of the interests of the whole
pe0ple of the state in approving or re«
jecting the plan, which to the layman
would seem to be as fair and reason-
able a basis of settlement as the better
protected interests under the old organ~
ization could be expected to approve.
But whether or not the plan submitted
will meet with official approval, it is to
be hoped that it may be at least the
starting point of an equitable settle-
ment of the tangled problems of this
much abused railroad system upon
which a considerable portion of the
people of Michigan depend for trans.
portation facilities essential to the
prOfitable conduct of their business.

HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

Foreign.

The European Wan—The important
event of’ the war this past week was a
naval engagement between British and
German warships in the North Sea
near the coast of Denmark. While re-
ports of the engagement are conflict-
ing, and even a verdict as to who was
victorious is lacking, it is certain that
few, if any, naval battles in the world’s
history resulted in greater destruction
of war craft and men. The number of
British vessels destroyed has been es-
timated from 12 to 20, and the number
of German vessels from 10 to 18. Many
of these were small craft but included
are some first line battleships and
dreadnaughts of the most modern type.
A number of scouting boats of the
British fleet. met, the German vessels
and engaged them in battle at short
range until the main portion of the
British fleet could arrive and dispose
of the German vessels. By reason of
the invisibility of the German boats,
and a mist, the latter were able to
evade the British fleet and escape to
cover.—The German land forces made
a vigorous attack on the western line
near Ypres which was defended by
Canadian troops. The invaders suc-
ceeded in capturing 3,000 yards of
trenches which, however, were retak-
e‘n by the Canadians in a plucky fight
with bayonets and bombs—The new
drive of the Germans against Verdun
following the arrival of re-inforce-
ments from other fronts, was succeed-
ing nicely until Sunday, when the
French stopped the invaders on both
sides of the Mouse river. The Ger-
mans have now been operating for
nearly four months to capture this po-
sition—«On the Italian front the Aus-
trians have been checked in their ad-
vances, and the Italian forces have re-
gained confidence in their ability to
hold the enemy on the present line.
The French commander at Saloniki
has declared martial law in the entire
zone occupied by the Allied forces
preparatory either to a better protec-
tion of their positions against attack or
to an offensive movement. Last week
the Turks undertook to check the ad-
vance of the. Russian forces by bring-
ing into action large numbers of troops.
At some. points they were successful
in forcing the Russian lines back. The
Czar’s forces in Europe captured 13,000
Austrians in the marshes on the east-
ern front.

Troubles in Mexico have suddenly
become more complicated for the de-
facto government by the threatening
of Mexico City by forces under General
Zapata. Orders have been issued for
the Carranza troops in northern Mexi-
co to be ready to move southward on
quick notice for the defense of the
Mexican capitol. This situation will
undoubtedly relieve the strain between
Carranza’s forces and the American
troops in the north. Reports indicate
confidence on the part of the Ameri-
cans that the Mexican generals and
officers are sincere in their effort to
avoid any conflict between the Mexi-
cans and Americans.’ It is likely also
that the defacto government will, un-
der the new conditions, appreciate the
presence of American troops on Mexi-
can soil and. be ready to enter into
some special agreement that will in-
sure order and satisfy both sides.

(Continued on page 736).

.
m3

‘gx‘ ',,

A“

 

 

 

 


igx.‘ ',,

.
m3

 

 

W

m

 

 

,.,__,_»

JUNE 10, 1916.

YOUNG college graduate was

asked by his father what he con-

sidered the best paying invest-
ments on thefarm. The boy immedi:
ately replied that silos and tile drains
gave the largest returns for the money
expended. Many farmers have learned
the truth of this boy’s statement, es-
pecially in regard to the silo, but there
are many who have yet to learn the
great value of draining the land. I
believe, that I am safe in saying that
there are not many farms in Michigan
which do not. need some draining. And
I think that I am just as safe in say-
ing that there are a great many farms
which haven’t a foot of tile or any
other kind of a drain. The principal
growth of land drainage has occurred
during the last thirty years, starting
in with small tracts like the garden
and gradually expanding to larger

 

J/r do. _

tracts. At the present time there is
scarcely any limit to land drainage as
it involves whole counties in a single
tract.

Effects of Drainage.

The effects of drainage are many
and important. The mOst important
effects are as follows: Drainage opens
the inter spaces between the soil par-
ticles, thus allowing the air to enter
the soil. Air in the soil is necessary
for the growth of bacteria in the soil.
Drainage makes a greater depth of
soil, thereby allowing a greater depth
of root growth. The deeper the roots
of the plants go, the greater supply of
plant foods the plants have to draw
from. Drainage increases the temper-
ature of the soil from six to ten de-
grees by removing the cold water. By
raising the temperature of the soil,
the seasons are made longer. Drain-
age causes fertilizers and plant food
to be deposited in the soil by drawing
the rain water through the soil. It is
estimated that about eight pounds of
nitric acid and the same amount of
ammonia are deposited each year on
an acre of land by rainfall alone.
Drainage improves the sanitary condi-
tions, decreasing the diseases among
people, as well as the farm animals.
Drainage removes heavy rains without
the washing out of crops. Drainage
takes away the excess water in wet
weather, and by making the soil a bet-
ter absorbing mass and aiding capil-
lary action, lessens the. effects of a
drought. Drainage promotes a more
vigorous growth of crops, thereby in-
creasing the profits. Drainage also im-
proves the general appearance of the
farm.

The Superiority of Tile Drains.

There are two methods of draining
land, namely the open ditch and the
closed tile drain. Perhaps a discus—
sion of their respective advantages
and disadvantages would be worth
while. Open drains are cheaply con—
structed and are often advantageous
for collecting drainage from large
areas. Open drains also may form a
supply of drinking water for stock.
However, open drains do not allow the
rain water to pass through the soil,
the sides of the Open drain are easily
broken down and open drains not only
occupy considerable valuable space but
they often divide fields disadvantage-
ously.

Tile drains form a perfect and uni—
form channel, the alignment of which
is not easily disturbed. Tile drains
force the rain water to pass through
the soil, the fertilizing elements being
left in the soil. Tile drains render no
space whatsoever unfit for cultivation.

Establish the Grade Carefully.

The disadvantages of the tile drain
are the cost of materials and construc-
tion, the expense of repairs, the diffi-
culty of. locating obstructions, and the

§

T HE MIC if IE‘G’ A; N; 'FA‘R M E R

Tile Drainage
By L. s. BRUMM

fact that tile drains are not always
available for intercepting drains.

The grade of any drain is very im-
portant. Where drainage is needed the
most, there is usually the least grade.
A grade of three inches to one hun—
dred feet is possible with a four-inch
tile. In any case the grade must be
uniform to be effective. In the best
jobs, the grade is established before
the ditch is dug. The land is surveyed
and stakes or cross bars are placed at
intervals along the drain. By these, it
is easy to get the exact grade line. If
it is not handy to get someone to make
the survey for you, a straight—edge and
carpenter’s level can be used to ad-
vantage. Suppose you took a straight-
edge six feet long, figure out the
amount of inclination that your ditch
should have in six feet and then drive
nails in one end to hold it at that incli-
nation. Then by putting this board on
the tile and using the level on the
board, you can tell when your tile are
laid right. Or for short distances, I
have often used a straight-edge and
level in the same way that you use a
surveyor’s
stakes by this.

Laying the Tile.

Laying of tile should be started at
the outlet because of creeping during
construction. The tile should be laid
as closely together as possible because
even then there will be enough open-
ing for the water to come in. The end
tile is liable to wash out so it is bet-
ter to use a cast iron pipe at the end

level and set the cross.

the main. A hole chipped out of the
main for the lateral to enter is no good
and often gives a great amount of
trouble.

Depth and Frequency of Laterals.

The depth of the tile drain is a ques-
tion which is much discussed. I think
that a tile drain should be laid at least
three feet deep, and more if practical.
A drain which is laid quite deep in the
soil will not work as quickly as will a
shallow drain but it will draw from
more surface and will make a deeper
depth of soil.

The distance between the laterals is
another question on which different
people have different ideas. There is
an old rule which says that the dis

3—731

experience I had in trying to locate a
sewer. By inquiring, I found three
men who could tell just exactly where
this sewer was located. The trouble
of it was that they did not agree by
over a hundred feet but they were all
positive that they were right. I gave
each man’s location a trial, but did not
find it. in any of the three locations.
Finally I started in at one side and dug
straight across the path of where they
said the sewer was located and after
digging some seventy-five feet, I found
it. This is just an example to show
that a man cannot readily remember
locations.

Size of Tile to Use.

I have not mentioned anything about
the kind and size of tile to be used. As
to the quality and grade of tile, each
man ought to be his own judge. As to
the size, I do not think that anything

 

l é "'

4 l

 

H

J_

1.47“». 41.-.», no: (‘7‘ 67'0’47 c?! an! (or/calcV" Jayc/

tance between the, parallels or laterals
should be as many rods as the tile is
feet beneath the surface. As a guide
to work from, I think that this old rule
is about correct. However, one must
alter this rule to meet his own partic-
ular conditions and requirements.
Silt Basins.

Silt basins should be put in the line
of tile so that the silt or sediment may
be collected. The check given to the
flow of water as it passes through the
silt basis causes the sediment which

 

 

 

 

 

 

W/
l ,_
oil/J" , LIL ’ ) I
. ’4.-
- --._ 17:31:243’ '12::2‘1‘24‘2222‘7

 

and cement it into a wall. The outlet
should be in as convenient a location
as possible. The outlet should make
an acute angle with the stream, enter-
ing so that the drain flows with the
stream.

Mains should follow the lines of nat-
ural drainage while the laterals should
follow the lines of deepest descent. A
main is a collector of laterals. It has
been recommended that the ends of

   

 

I
I
l"
I
'
wk.
the laterals, especially those which

come up at the fence or other unwork-
ed place, should be brought up to the
surface so that air will have a chance
to pass through the drain and thereby
pass out through the soil. The ends of
the laterals can be brought up to the
surface by means of an elbow. Y
branches should be used to make the
connections between the laterals and

is suspended in the water to fall to the
bottom and remain there. A silt basin
should be large enough so that it is
easily cleaned out. A silt basin is also
helpful in locating a stoppage in the
drain. Silt basins can be constructed
out of plank, cement, brick, etc.
Make a Drainage Map.
One of the most important things to
be remembered when putting in a
drain is to keep a strict account of the

 

 

sunny)?

’11 .
on"
, .

 

1%" a7“ lJ‘aerc fag/J h/‘f/"f

fb I“ Malv’cn Linc/for do [cox
“fifth/4 “and M/-’ /‘r <~/royoru~
117/." :7 ~41 Ironic", M‘lr 1‘ on-

y Wfigllt .a. 74. f.»-..,

location of all mains, sub-mains, later-
als, connections, etc. Many people
have drains on their farms and do not
know where they are. We have all
seen men dig all over the place trying
to locate sorne drain; perhaps we have
done that. same thing ourselves. A
map should be drawn of the whole sys-
tem so that every part of the drain
can be located. I remember a little

smaller than a four-inch tile is econom-
ical under any conditions. A smaller
tile has not enough capacity and gets
clogged too easily. A four-inch tile for
the laterals and larger tile accordingly
for the mains and sub-mains make an
ideal system.

Drainage has been practiced for cen-
turies. It has reclaimed acres and
acres of otherwise useless land and
made it fertile and profitable. Where
we find the most intensified methods of
farming in operation, there we find the
most drainage. lntensified farming
and drainage go together. The time is
coming when we will have to work our
land more intensely. Hence we Will
have to make one acre produce more
and better crops. One of the things
which is going to help us solve this
problem is drainage.

SPECIALIZING AS A FACTOR OFV
SUCCESS.

 

So far as my observations have ex-
tended, the farmers who are most suc-
cessful are those who follow some
special line of produCIion, such as rais-
ing fruits, stock raising or giving at-
tention to chickens or the poultry busi-
ness in general.

There was a time when men in the
newspaper business not only printed
newspapers, but did job printing as
well. Changes have come and now job
printing has been given over to firms
who make this work a specialty.

Now, a farmer cannot do everything
well. Each man is fitted by nature to
do some particular thing well. Other
things he could not do well, no matter
it’ there were “millions” in it. The day
of the “Jack of all Trades” has passed.
What is wanted is the capability of do-
ing something well, even better than
one's neighbor.

Specialization is the order of the
present day. A railroad gives to a
Pullman or a W" gner the privilege of
attending to the wants of their custom-

rs who have the money to pay for the
luxuries of travel. Why? Because
these companies have made a special
study of that branch of railroad busi-
ness. In still plainer words, they have
mastered the details of how to do it
well.

A farmer, to be a successful stock
raiser, must have an aptitude for the
business, a natural instinct that fits
him to make a success of it, and the
same is true of other branches of
farming. "Know thyself” is one of the
hardest lessons to get by heart. If
men could easily find out just what
they are adapted for this world would
have less business trouble in it. Some
men are measuring calicoes and get-
ting starvation wages for it, who would
be successful at agriculture, and some
are starving on farms who would make
money peddling tinware. They have
missed their callings, and so it is in all
branches of both farming and business.

 


  

732—4

 
   

i

v < M‘Lmzfi'afisk n let-swwzu

 

TH E MICHIGAN F‘AR’JM‘EB

   

JUNE 10, 1916.

 

The world is made up of the suc-
cessfuls and the unsuccessfuls. It is
not necessary for a man to be entirely
successful to be happy, but it is desir-
able to be a partial success in life, be‘
cause it adds greatly to one’s ability
to be useful, for it takes not only
brains and good intentions to do good,
but also means and influence.

Farmers must study, as they are
their own bosses and cannot look to
others for the wisdom required to
make a livelihood. Thinking and work-
ing are two of the greatest adjuncts of
farm life, and often the former is of
as much importance, and sometimes
more, as the latter. it is often said,
“That man is lucky, everything that
comes in his hands changes into mon<
ey." It is not luck, but careful study
and good management that is the
cause of his so-called luck, and not
getting into one certain rut and not
making any endeavor to lift himself
out of it.

Shiawassee Co. I). H. M.

 

BUCKWHEAT AS A CASH CROP.

 

All varieties of buckwheat flourish
best on light soils containing only a
small proportion of nitrogen, conse-
quently a rich soil or fresh manure
will cause it to lodge before it is ripe,
give a poor yield and be difficult to
harvest. It is generally sown on the
poorest land on the farm, because land
that will produce a tolerably good crop
of buckwheat is generally too poor to
yield a paying crop of any other grain.

Buckwheat will grow on poorer land,
and on ground less carefully prepared,
than will any other grain, but will do,
better on land of moderate fertility,
and respond quickly to better prepara-
tion of the soil. Its natural home is in
cool elevated regions, on hills, and
mountains. Unlike corn, buckwheat
does not delight. in hot weather, espe-
cially when the kernels are in the milk
stage. At that time a hot sun will
blast, or shrivel many of the kernels,
and nearly ruin the crop.

The Time to Sow.

The prOper time to Sow buckwheat
depends on the latitude and elevation
of the district. where raised. The later
it can be sown and get ripe before the
fall frosts come, the greater will be the
yield. The kernels which are not ripe
when frost comes, will never ripen and
are worthless. Here in northern Penn-
sylvania we plow buckwheat ground
as soon as the spring crops are planted
but do not sow it until the last of June
or the fore part of July.

Buckwheat does not tiller like wheat
and rye. One kernel throws up but a
single stalk, but it branches like an
apple tree, if not sown too thickly, so
that one bushel per acre is ample, and
some farmers think three pecks is bet-
ter. We sow one bushel broadcast
Drilled in, less would be sufficient.

Buckwheat reaches after, seizes up-
onfi and appropriates the fertility that
is scattered through the soil in min-
ute quantities. It throws out an im-
mense number of roots that pulverize
and mellow the soil as no other plant
has power to do. When rye is sown
after buckwheat in the fall, the ground
does not need any plowing; a good
harrowing answers every purpOse.
When ripe, it is cut with either a cra-
dle or machine, and set up in small
conical bunches, usually without bind-
ing, as the interlacing of the branches
will hold the bunches together for
handling, and they will dry out better
standing loosely for the air to circu-
late through them.

Varieties.

The most popular variety with us, is
the gray, or silver hull. When the
Japan was introduced into our locality
it was hoped that it would prove a val-
uable acquisition and be superior to all
other varieties, but it has not met with
the favor expected. After several years’
trial, most of our farmers have aban-
doned it, and returned to our old vari-
eties. Its only claim to superiority is
the larger size of its kernels. Its great—
est defect is that it does not branch

much, and the kernels are chiefly
found in a close bunch on top of the
main stalk, which causes it to sprout
more quickly than other varieties when
there comes a warm rain after it is
ripe. I have seen it sprouted before it
was cut. It will not make as many
pounds of flour per bushel, as the gray,
the flour is not as white, and our mil~
lers will not pay as much for it.

There is one serious objection to
raising buckwheat. It does not fit well
into any regular rotation of crops us‘
ually raised in the buckwheat region.
Except for this reason, there is no
doubt that a great deal more would be
produced.

Acreage and Value.

Less buckwheat is raised in the Uni-
ted States than any of the other cer-
eals, and the amount does not i.ncrease
like the other grains. More was pro—
duced in 1868 than in 1912; but the
production fell off to 8,000,000 bushels
in 1874.‘ The average production for
the last three years was 16,877,000
bushels per year. The average num-
ber of acres devoted to buckwheat the
last three years was 859,666. The av-
erage number of bushels produced per
acre, was 20.4. The average farm val-
ue per bushel was 71.4 cents. The av-
erage farm value per acre in the Uni-
ted States during the last four years
was $14.56. The average farm value
of wheat per acre in the United States
the last four years was $12.84. The
average farm value of corn per acre in
the United States the last four years
was $14.30. It will be seen that the
average buckwheat crop of the United
States for the last four years was
worth 26 cents more per acre than the
corn crop, and required no expense for
cultivation like corn. It was worth
$1.72 per acre more than wheat, and
required no expense for fertilizers. In
the year 1912 Pennsylvania produced
7,405,000 bushels, beating New York,
which has usually led the Union.

Pennsylvania. J. Vi'. INGIIAM.

 

CROP AND FERTILIZER QUES-
TIONS.

 

What Grasses to Grow on a Wet Field.

1 have about five acres of wet land
which is now too wet to sow to oats.
I want to get this land seeded. What
kind of seed should I use, how much
per acre, and when should it be sown,
and could I sow something with the
grass seed to make pasture this year
after harvest, as the balance of the
field is sown to oats. This land has
generally produced good grain but is
quite wet.

Ionia Co. W. A.

Red-top, timothy and alsike clever
are about the best grasses for wet
land, but even those will not do well if
the land is too wet. The surest and
quickest way to get this field to grass
is to prepare it well just as soon as it
is dry enough to work and seed to
these grasses alone. To get a good
start. they ought not to be pastured
this year. The tramping of the stock
will injure the plants, besides some of
the young plants will be pulled out by
the roots. If you should seed the grass
with oats, the oats would need pastur-
ing when they got nicely started, say
six or eight inches high, and this would
surely injure the young grass plants.

My advice would be to seed the
grass with the oats and not pasture.
If the grass does well you may be able
to cut a fair crop of hay in late August
or early September.

Corn on Muck Land.

1 have a nine-acre field which is
about half muck. It is well drained.
Corn grown on this land is always
short and seldom makes any ears on
the muck. i am going to plant it to
corn again this year, and would like
your advice on how to treat it. I have
been thinking of getting stone lime and
when it is ainslaked put a handful on
each hill. What is the best thing for
me to do, and where could I get the
lime if this is advisable?

Hillsdale Co. W. H. R.

Lime nearly always is beneficial to
muck land. It not only furnishes this
ingredient. to plants, but it sets free or
makes available the nitrogen in the

raw, undecomposed organic matter.

\

But. some muck contains little or,no
available potash. On this type of
muck potash is simply a specific. You
can’t grow corn without supplying it.
From the description given I should
say this muck land needed potash, also
phosphorous. Potash is abnormally
high-priced now, owing to the great
war. Very little can be purchased at
any price.

Could you not get enough unleached
hardwood ashes to treat these muck
places in the field? Ashes would fur-
nish both the potash and the lime.
Then if in addition you would apply
200 pounds of acid phosphate per acre
I think you would get corn that would
produce ears. I would apply all fertil-
izer and lime broadcast. You will see
lime advertised by several firms in the
Michigan Farmer.

COLON C. LILLIE.

 

CULTIVATE THE CORN SHALLOW.

 

We are opposed to deep culture of
corn after the roots get any length, al-
though the first time we go through it
with the cultivator we set it moderate-
ly deep. There are few farmers who
have any idea how rapidly the corn
roots. grow. Last season we measured
one root that was eleven inches long
when the corn plant: was hardly three
inches high.

It might be well to suggest to read-
ers that they select a corn plant or
two and examine the growth of the
roots during the season. They will no-
tice how near to the surface they grow,
and how soon they will fill the space
between the rows. A knowledge of
these things would modify the opin-
ions of many about deep culture of
corn through the season.

In corn culture, a thorough prepara-
tion of the soil before planting is half
the battle. If corn land has been plow-
ed early, and has been harrowed at
least half a dozen times before plant-
ing, it will stand drought much better
than if plowed at the latest moment
and harrowed only a few times. Har-
rowing often before planting conserves
the moisture and then all that is re-
quired after the corn is ready to be
cultivated is a shallow scratching

A somewhat simpler meth which
is also satisfactory is to u e wood
screws which extend only part way
through the limb. A hole a little smaller
in diameter than the screw itself is
first bored and the wood screw is turn-
ed in with the wrench. The head of
the screw is then bent over with a
hammer to make a hook as a place of
attachment for the brace.

It is not difficult to force small
branches toward each other while the
braces are being put in place, but spe-
cial equipment is required for large
ones. Ordinarily a block and tackle is
sufficient, but one’s ingenuity will us<
ually suggest many arrangements for
forcing the limbs together. It may be
by connecting the limbs with several
strands of wire and twisting these to-
gether to draw up the limbs until the
braces are placed.

The braces should be drawn tight
only when the limbs have already
started to split apart and then a water-
proof filling should also be put in the
split crotch. Otherwise a little slack

 

Method of Using Wood Screws and
Turnbuckles for Tightening Braces.

should be left so that the braces are
tight only when the branches are lad-
en with fruit, sleet or snow, or when
blown by the wind. Branches that
have some freedom of motion before
the braces are drawn tight are not so
apt to be broken by the force of the
wind as when held rigidly in position
by inelastic bracing material. The high-
er up the points of attachment to the
limbs, the less will be the force of 'pull
upon the braces and the liability of
breakage of the wood at these points
will be correspondingly decreased.
Braces can be constructed so as to
facilitate shortening or lengthening at
will by attaching a turnbuckle near

 

Correct Methods of Attaching Wires to Limbs in Tree Bracing.

about once a week, or every time after
each rain.

On clay soils we cultivate a little
deeper than on sandy soils. If clay
soils were drained an average of at
least thirty per cent more corn can be
grown. Drained soil is warm, and corn
cannot do well in a cold soil.

Indiana. K. K.

 

BRACING FRUIT AND SHADE
TREES.

 

(Continued from first page).
limb in the direction of pull, using or-
dinarily a half-inch bit. Fit a bolt made
with an eye on one end and threaded
on the other tightly into this hole. The
cable, chain or wire is fastened into
the eye and the burr is screwed on the
threaded end. It is important to sink
the head of the bolt into the wood so
a callous of wood can grow over it and
to use a washer under the burr to pre-
vent its grinding into the wood when
being tightened. It is a good precau-
tion to put a coat of tar or asphaltum
paint on the bolt and ends of the hole
to prevent the accumulation of mois-
ture and the entrance of decay.

the center, the length of which is
changed by twisting the middle por«
tion which is fitted to a threaded bolt
on each end.

Bracing is not a costly operation.
Timely attention along this line pre-
vents the breakage of limbs and the
formation of wounds where decay is
very liable to start later on. An orna-
mental tree may be very valuable
while all its main branches are intact,
but lose its symmetry when one is
broken away. Similarly, fruit trees
are made less picturesque by having
portions dismembered and the fruit
producing area is diminished.

There are many modifications of the
methods described to fit special cases.
The principles of application, however,
have been included in this discussion.
Bracing is largely a preventive meas
ure as little can be done excepting to
remove the limb and smooth up the
wound after damage has once oc-
curred. '

Bracing is practicable from an eco-
nomic standpoint and valuable. as a
preventive measure in preserving the
form and outline possessed by desira~
ble shade tres. ‘

 

 

w...;......---. .

w- _.... ”a,

 

 


 

 

JUNE 10, 1916.

 

THE M I c. H to A' N F A R M F. R

’ Solving the Small Growers’ Problems

HE small grow of fruits and veg-

etables is the one who Often has

the most serious market prob-
lem to solve. Large growers can ship
to the larger centers with profit and in
those localities where certain special
crops are largely grown and co-opera-
tion has been put into practice, the
problem is even simpler. The small
grower finds his conditions altogether
different. His market is often a lim-
ited one or again so distant as to be
almost prohibitive. He does not raise
enough to make car shipments possi-
ble and express shipments as a rule
are out of the question. A few have
been able to utilize the parcel post to
their advantage, but after this has
been used to the limit of profit, there
still remains products that cannot be
handled by such methods.

A young man came into possession
of a farm in a back—country district. It
was a large farm and a fairly good one.
He had been living near a large city
and growing vegetables on a few acres.
At once he saw possibilities in the
same line on the larger place. It did
not take him long to learn his mistake.
The first season was disastrous. He
learned the lesson, however, and was
not caught the next year with beets,
turnips, cabbage, and such things on
his hands. The only market was too
far away to reach with such products.
The facts of the case were that he
grew things next year that his neigh-
bors did not, in fact it may be said
that his next-door neighbors became
his customers. A small village, sup-
porting a single manufacturing plant,
was right at his door. Practically ev-
ery one of the employes of the com-
pany had their gardens and raised
their own vegetables, that is, the com-
mon ones. He noticed, however, that
while cabbage was plentiful, what caul-
iflower the housewives got for their
pickles had to be shipped in from out
of town. The next year he supplied
the local demand for cauliflower and
made a good profit. Celery for Thanks—
giving and Christmas also came in
from the city the first year he was
there but the second year this was not
necessary. He supplied the demand
and more celery was sold in that town
than ever before.

All through the summer and fall five
or six boxes of melons were shipped
into town each week. The next year
he had these fruits in variety for sev-
eral weeks and cut off the demand for
outside supplies. Instead” of trying to
sell cucumbers the next year he made
pickles and disposed of them during
the winter.

As to fruits, he soon learned that
few of the residents raised strawber-
ries, hence he got busy and set a patch.
None of them went to waste. A row
or two of raspberry and blackberry
bushels also produced berries that

llll!lllll!la,.1.m.I.

 

found ready sale. He soon learned to
gauge the market and knew about how
much he could sell of each product.

Occasionally when he found he had
a surplus of anything he made a trip
to the city twenty miles away. While
he could not take such trips regularly
with any profit, he found it desirable
to take a load in once in a while rath<
er than let the stuff go to waste.

The small grower who attempts to
govern his plantings by the methods of
the larger producers soon learns his
mistake. There is no community, how-
ever well it may be supplied, but is
short on certain products. The small
producers should find out what they
are and endeavor to supply them.

New Hamp. C. H. CIIESLEY.

 

PROVIDE NOW FOR THE 1917 CROP
0F APPLES.

Exceptionally favorable conditions in
1915 for the development of fruit buds
on apple trees may be accompanied
with danger to many orchards this
year. As a safeguard early provision
of the moisture and food supply of the
trees for future apple Ci'Ops is urged.

Moderate rainfall in late May and
liberal rains in June, 1915, caused an
unusual development of fruit buds,
which will produce this year’s apple
crop. The buds for the 1917 crop are
now forming, and at this time the
trees require an abundance of plant
food and moisture. Proper care of the
orchard is more important this year
because of excessive blooming and of
a possible drouth.

Conserving the moisture in late May
and early June, offers a means of pro-
viding for the fruit—bud development
for the 1917 apple crop. To this end
orchards that are in grass should have
an early application of fertilizers and
mulches about the trees, and an early
cutting of any cover crops. Thinning
the fruit will not take the place of
such practices—Ohio Experiment Sta.

 

ARSENATE OF LEAD AS AN INSEC-
TICIDE.

Arsenate of lead is the mOst gener-
ally used insecticide now on the mar-
ket. It is considered the standard of
all arsenlcal sprays for use against the
chewing insects. In the past it has
been used almost entirely in the wet
or paste form. The federal insecticide
laws require that in this form it con-
tain not more than 50 per cent water
and not less than 121/2 per cent arsenic
oxide, and not over three-fourths of
one per cent soluble arsenic.

In the dry lead the water is absent,
so the percentages of chemicals pres-
ent would be double what they are in
the paste.

The inspection by both the federal
and state authorities is so strict that

‘:i.$.15}Illillllllllllit.IllilElililililllllllllilliliiilllilllllllllfa‘iiiii"llllilillilllllHHIHEHHHIHHIilii‘uiillhIi.iilnillinsEli‘liillilllllilililHHHHlli'HIIHHIHHJHIlHiHHHlililHiti!HHHHHHHIHIHIHHHHHHI

 

 

Last season Was favorable to a he
continues good a large crop of plums will be assured.

 

avy setting of buds.

If the weather
Thorough spraying

and thinning in addition to other good cultural methods will do much to-
Ward successfully maturing the crop and maintaining the trees in good vig-
orous Condition. Spraying and thinning are. two essentials of successful plum

gg'qwing. 1

it is only very rarely that a sample is
found that is not up to the standard
required for the chemical ingredients.
This does not necessarily mean that a
lead arsenate is as good for an insecti-
cide as it should be. Much depends
upon its mechanical condition. '

Arsenate of lead does not go into
solution. If it did, it would burn the
foliage. It is only in suspension. The
finer the particles the better it will re-
main in suspension in the water, and
the more uniformly it can be distribut~
ed over the foliage or fruit. So it is
important in buying the paste lead to
see that it is a smooth, uniform pro—
duct with no granules that can be felt
between the finger and thumb. The
powder should be a light, fluffy pro-
duct that will not settle into a. solid
mass in’ the container.

The experience of growers that have
used both forms demonstrates that
equally good results can be expected
from the paste or powder when the
above requirements are met—Col. Ag.
College.

 

TROUBLE DEPARTMENT.

Arsenate of Lead for Potato Bugs.

It seems doubtful if we can get Paris
green at any price this year. 1 would
like to know the value of arsenate of
lead as an insecticide for potatoes and
full directions for using. Is it more
liable to burn the foliage than Paris
green if applied strong enough to kill

the bugs?
Isabella Co. H. C. 0.

Arsenate of lead for spraying pota-
toes is not as good as Paris green for
the control of the potato bug, because
it is not as quick a poison, but if used
thoroughly will give you very good re-
sults in keeping the vines free from
the bugs. While it sticks better than
l’aris green it should be applied just
as frequently in order to cover the
growing foliage.

It should be used at the rate of at
least three pounds to 50 gallons of wa-
ter, and while it is supposed to be
harmless to the foliage, occasionally it
will slightly burn it, therefore, for pre-
ventive purposes it would be advis-
able to add at least a pound of slaked
lime to each 50 gallons of spray.

If you are using Bordeaux mixture.
with the poison to control the blight,
the addition of the lime will not be
necessary, as the lime in the Bordeaux
will counteract any injurious effect
that the arsenate of lead may have.

There is no poison better than Paris
green for the control of potato bugs,
and it is to be regretted that it is so
hard to obtain this year.

Paint for Trees.

Will you kindly advise me if it would
be injurious to trees if white paint is
used on the trunk in place of white-
wash or the like?

New Jersey. F. V. H.

The use of paint instead of white-
wash on trees is not advisable, as the
paint contains various chemicals that
are injurious to the bark. Recent in-
vestigations show that even the use
of pure white lead and oil on wounds
of trees has a retarding effect on the
process of healing.

Aside from the effect of the chemi-
cals in the paint, it would almost on—
tirely exclude the air from the bark,
and this would have an injurious ef-
fect on the tree. Whitewash has some
slight value in keeping insects from
the trunks of trees, but to thoroughly
control insect and fungous troubles,
spraying is advisable. We shall be
glad to give you specific directions for
spraying if you will tell us the kind of
trees you wish to treat.

 

Peaches are a perishable product
and the farmer with a large crop in
prospect can scarcely begin 'too soon
to study the marketing facilities. A
fine local market for peaches is an as-
set to the grower. The less compe-
tition you are forced to meet on the
large city markets the more sure you
will be of profitable prices for your
peaches. Study the home market.

R. G. K.

 

 

 

 

 

~ 5-4133

VIIII GAN’T‘PLIIW
mm Al momma

Power and weight are necessary factors
in heavy traction work like plowing.
Many attempts have been made and are
being made now to do this class of Work
with light-weight explosive engines.
They do not and cannot get the same
economical results that properly designed
and constructed Oil-Gas Tractors can
accomplish.

NIcHoLs & Snamn Goes
OIL- GAS TRAGTOB

Is properly made to do the work that it
is expected to do. It is not an ex en'-
ment, but a tried and tested machine,
good enough and reliable enough to be
cold under the Red River Special name
and guaranty.

It will plow. haul and work at the belt
with the steadiness and sureness of steam.
Operating economies are highly devel-
oped. It has the power, it has the
strength, it has the Weight to do the
things that you want it to do—and that
We guarantee it to do—without stalling
or breaking down. That's business.

DON’T TRY TO WORK A
PLEASURE MACHINE

There’s a lot to this gas engine uestion. It is
well worth careful investigation eforo you bu
any kind of. a tractor that makes power wit
oil or gasoline. Write us for particular: and
consider the facts .that we put: before you be-
fore your decisxon is made. Ask for the Home
Edition of the Red River Special paper and the
Big Catalog that tell: about our line.

—_

IIIGIIOLS & SHEPARD 00.

(In Continuous Business Since 1848)
BUILDERS EXCLUSIVELY OP

TH RESH ING MACHINERY

Red River Special Thresherl, Feeders, Wind Sucker:
Steam and Oil-Gas Traction Engines

(10) BATTLE CREEK, - MICHIGAN

 

' . OnSkidsWH-h :
. BUILT-lflagyssagfisaz ,'
. 'l "AG“: 6" “’6 AP” . 1916 .
. TO

9
The one great, “1’ .
I

convincing

engine value
FARM '
EN GI N E ,

. Fairbanks-Morse quality — ser-
: Vice—dependability—ata popular .
' price, tells the story. ‘

' ; “MorethanRatedPower ,'

' and a Wonder at the Price"

Simple—Light Weight—Substantial-Fool-
roof Construction—Gun Barrel Cylinder
. ore—Leak;proof Compression—Complete "
With .Built-m Magneto. Quick starting '0
even in cold weather. Low first cost—low
fuel_cost—low maintenance cost. Long,
eflicrent, economical “power service."

‘ see the “z" and You'll Buy It '

Go to your local dealer. Compare it on merit, by

. any standard. See the features that make the

. new Z” theone best engine“buy"lforyou. When -
you buy an engine from your dealer you deal with .0
alocal representative of the manufacturers. He ’
stands behind the engine he sells. He’srespon-

. sible to on. H ’s
Enirhanks,_Moroe _ y e at -

 

 

.vour service to see
Co.—C h I on g o .15 that you arq‘sa’t'isfied.
All Fairbanks. ‘ Ste ’the _Z
Morse dealers . you ll buy It.
sell “““ en— ' , .. -.
I l ,’ l 'T
. 5.353%" “12.33.? E /"
freight basis. '
If You don't
know the local
dealer. write
' I13. .

 

 

 

 

 

into the motor
-— t a k e t h o
KICK out of

the motorist.

Guaranteed
Forc'ver

Sold Everywhere

 

 


 

  

734—6

Feed Better
Cut Silage

It ays. Shows a. big profit in dollars
an cents, aaproved by users of Silver‘s

Ohi .” This machine cuts silage un-
like other silo fillers. uces it too
mold-proof semi-pulp that packs solidly,
expels all air, releases the sugar juices,
ferments evenly and properly. Free
from shreds and leaves. Makes the
high qualit silo ethst brings biggest
in: kyields rom air cows,putswei hi:
on fattenin stock. rite for book t at
proves Wis om of “Silverizing” silage.

. Silver’s
“Ohio"

The Logical Silo Filler

Cuts better all and more of it In the
day s time. simpl built giant of
strength and big capee ty. Backed by
62 yenrs' manufacturing experience, b
the pioneers of silo fillers. Many big lead):
ing features.

Knives that cannot spring and let "air-
pocket" shreds and leaves get into the
mic; patented friction reverse and sin 19
lever control, automatic beater-feeli—
savcs a man’s work at the feed table;
heavy. lZ-gauge sheet -steel fan case,
real galvanized" laps. low speed fan
Iofitllsagégthest silos t: lease. 7 sizes—-
0 on! ad”. . gas to i
tractor power. p. 3

Two Book. "ll—Our catalog—and
book on Silvorized silage. Write today.

THE SILVER MFG. (:0.
390 Broadway Salon. Ohio
"Modern Silage Methods.”

264 pages, sent: for 10¢.
com or stamps.

 

 

 

 

      

'l’on anon or mm In every township and county to
get my big now boot: about an lives. My new model
is i} mechanical motor-place, uilt by master engine
builders after the leading engine designers. _ lt de-
velops away abovo rated horsepower: bearings ad-
justable, special economy carburetor. worm Cl C
more on any en ine, but costs nothing extra on o
Galloway, cuts own fuel hills; uses any fuel, perfect
vaporizer: valves in the head like all the modern
automobile engines; large fly whls. , - - bore. long
stroke. hoav weight. your , « .\ A?
choice of i mtion systems, ‘3
an easy star .110 cranking.

A L l. O W A Y ’ S

E N_Gl N as

Get a genuine Galloway.
then on won't ho dls- .
one ted as thousands of its
users have testified. My new . _
fill-pace book tells how to pick on size up on mice
on engine; gives you engine secrets and acts.
»- » WHY to insist on heavy weight. large bore. Ion.

‘ troke and low speed, which mean lo

    
       
  
 

 
 

 
       
   
   
 
    

  
 
  
   
 
 
 

  

    

Haandcontinuouauaor so act n-wu‘l
- .._ we soil.l root at wholesale: now to lo-

actories in Waterloo: WHY
our engine prices are so low.
THIS FREE IOOK .

u from $50 to ”50. Engines
‘ s in d from Waterloo. Kano.-
’ (filty;CouncxI Blufi'a, St. Paul or

Icsgn,

WM. GALLOWAV 00.
Dept. 1&3 Watorloo. Iowa

  
    

 

   

 

 

I am the fellow that Milks With
“MEHRING’S MILKER”

It makes me smile when I see poor 'uyx pulling away
by hand. GU W'AY BACK ANDSI'I‘ )(IVVN! Youhave
made no progress since the (line of Noah! You are a
back number sum! Ha! Hui There is more-truth than
nonsense in the above wordx A doiryman iscertiiinly
foolish who does not avail hi mseltof one of Mehring‘s
Milken. It will milk one or two cows at once, i) cows
r hour. A child 12 ears old can operate it. Price
cash or $75 on trio . .‘Also engine power milkern.

W.M. MLHRING. Koymar. Maryland.

DO NOT BUY FENCE

UNTIL van on one
DInEGI Hill mmv "ICES

GUARANTEE
We guarantee our lencelto be

from the best galvanized full gunge
wiredboth mainline wire and knot. mdlto be the

 

moot parlootly woven lanes on the market .

WRITE TODAY FOR CATALOG TO

The United Fence Co. of Port lluron

Port Huron. Mich. Box 41. Minneapolis. Minn.

 

 

THE MICHIGAN FARME'R

Fccundity In Swine

MONG the desirable characteris:
A tics possessed by our domestic

swine, is that of fecundity, or
fruitfulness. With the most of the im-
proved breeds it has become a fixed
trait which has been inherited through
a long line of ancestry.

The fact should be kept in mind that
fecundity is an acquired characteris-
tic, and its perpetuation depends, to a
great extent, on the management of
the breeders. Both of the ancestral
lines, on that of sire as well as dam,
should be studied and so controlled;
that it may enable the farmers who
keep the breeding stock and raise the
pigs from which our pork is made, to
be able to do so in the most econom-
ical manner. Six brood sows that far-
row, on an average, ten pigs each per
litter, will produce as many pigs as ten
sows which produce but six pigs per
litter. The fact should be kept in mind
that it costs 40 per cent more to keep
the ten sows during the year than it
does the six. It does not require a
deep reasoning philosopher to see that
at this point there is a chance to make
a great, saving in the cost of keeping a
herd of brood sows.

Developing Pigs from Big Litters.

I am aware that some will say that
the sow that furrows but six pigs will
do better by them than the sow that
farrows ten pigs. Under the old plan
of letting the sows furnish all the feed
the pigs get up to weaning time, there
might be some argument in that state

cline to the opinion that the prolific
females are more likely to breed for a
longer period of years than those that
farrow but small litters. The mothers
of small litters are not drawn upon
very heavily while the pigs are with
them, and the accumulation of adipose
membrane around the organs of gener-
ation, is likely to be more frequent and
prevent conception than with the sows
that are drawn upon more heavily by
a large number of pigs.
How to Secure and Retain Fecundity.
In their wild state the sows farrow-
ed but two pigs at a litter. By sur-
rounding both the Sire and dam with
good conditions where there was an
abundance of food and agreeable sur-
roundings, the capabilities of reproduc
tion increased. After a series of many
successive generations the character-
istic of prolificacy was acquired and it.
became‘inherent, following some fam-
ilies in a greater degree than others.
In order to retain this characteristic
it is a matter of necessity that consid-
erable pains be taken in selecting the
breeding stock. While I do not desire
to take space to trace out the matter
in detail, I will say that the farmers
who raise the pigs should select their
brood sows from large litters. Re-
member that the best pigs in the litter
are none too good. Some sow pigs
manifest the characteristic in a great-
er degree than others. The sow should
be distinctly feminine and have a long
under line. The young sow that has

 

ment, but the best breeders and farur
ere do not allow the “pigs to draw heav.
ily on the sows. They have learned
that by supplementing the sow‘s milk
with some dainty, and yet, very nuiri«
lious feeds, they can give the pigs :1
better start than the sow can, and it
does not. mutter if the sow has ten or
twelve pigs in the litter, a large num-
ber can be started along as readily and
as quickly as a few. And further, the.
pigs that are fed in a little trough by
themselves, expand their stomachs
younger, learn to eat a variety of food,
get the thrifty habit sooner, and can
reach the popular market weights
quicker than the few that have been
compelled to depend entirely on their
mother's milk for the first six weeks
of their life.

I have a case in mind which will il-
lustrate the truth of the last state
ment. The Berkshire sow, Nina, that
was developed at the Hupp Farm, illus-
trated the point. The breeder told me
that the sow was from a large litter.
After going into the hands of her sec-
ond owner she made a remarkable
growth and was so symmetrical in

build that for several years she was ‘

not beaten in the Show ring in Mich—
igan and the middle west. This sow
was herself very prolific, notwithstand-
ing that she was fed heavily to fit for
show, for she farrowed sixteen pigs at
a. litter. , - . . .
There have been cases where the.
prolific females have continued to
breed for a long period of years. I in-

 

«g “ ,1 fl, \ ' ,3 .
First Prize Under Six Months’ Gilt at Ohio State Fair, 1915, and Litter,
Owned by Hamilton Farms.

twelve teats on the abdomen is more
likely to be prolific than ihe one that
has but six or eight.

The registry records can be made
use of to good advantage, because the
numbcr of pigs in the litter from
which the animals recorded came, is
usually indicated. The longer the line
of ancestors that, have been prolific,
the more certain the characteristic will
be fixed.

Some seem to doubt the necessity
for being as particular about the selec-
tion of the sire as of the dam. It
is my opinion that it is of first import-
ance to select, a sire from a fruitful
family. In my own experience which
extended over forty years, I have in«
variably found that the sire has much
to do with the size of the litters. A
boar from a family of small litters will
sire small litters. A boar from a fam-
ily of large litters will sire many large
litters.

Remember that both sire and dam
have an influence on the size of litters,
and do not expect one or the other can
do great things without the assistance
of the other.

Another fact should be kept in mind.
The surroundings, or environment, has
much to do with retaining or destroy-
ing this characteristic. If the hogs are
well cared for, well fed and made com-
fortable, this desirable characteristic
can be retained. If the breeding Stock
is poorly fed and compelled to suffer
hardships, there will be a tendency to
revert. back to the traits possessed be-

JUNE 10, 1916.

fore the improvement in life habits
were made, and undesirable results
will follow. ,

Wayne Co. N. A. CLAPP.

LIVE STOCK AND SOIL FERTILITY.

The problem of the American farmer
today is how to conserve the fertility
of the soil and yet insure a reasonable
income. In considering changing from
grain farming to the raising of live
stock, the Missouri farmer asks him«
self if this change has been successful
in maintaining soil fertility. From the
New England states westward to the
Dakotas, he sees a trail of once deplet-
ed soils reclaimed by substituting
dairying and stock farming for exclu‘
sive grain farming. The result of prof-
itable systems of live stock farming on
even the poorest of soils is to be seen
in Holland. Denmark is another exam-
ple of a country whose soils were be-

coming depleted by wheat, producing

but where a system of live stock pro-
duction conserved the soil fertility.

Permanent success from exclusive
grain farming has not yet been demon-
strated, so modern farm practice is
showing the importance of the devel-
opment of animal husbandry. The close
relation between the fertility of the
soil and keeping of live stock is dem-
onstrated at experiment stations and
by the successful farmer. Productive-
ness of the acre of land is the main
factor for which the farmer is every-
where striving. Becausc the produce
tiveness of the land is maintained and
often increased is sufficient reason for
the keeping of animals on the farm,
not even taking into consideration the
increased profit from the live stock
farm.

Farm manure is now, and always
has been the greatest. available re-
source for maintaining soil fertility on
the typical middle-west, farms. Gener-
ally speaking, the most prosperous
farms of this section today are IhOde
on which live stock is a large, if not
a chief factor of production.

While the practice of plowing under
clover, and that of adding straw and
slover directly to the soil will unqueev
tionably keep up the humus or vegeta-
ble. mailer supply, such materials are
too valuable for the nutrition of ani~
male to be thus employed. AL the Mis-
souri Agricultural Experiment Station
for two years, the average income of

clover pastured off with hogs amount-

ed to $40 per acre.

All such materials as stovcr, hay,
straw, and grass can be profitably
marketed through animals and at least
50 per cent of their soil building value
saved and at the same time u consid-
erable profit secured from feeding the
animals.

Mo. Ag. Col. I". [5. Ml'nronn.

HARVESTING CROPS WITH SWINE.

In tests made by the Ohio Station
three lots of pigs were fed 30 days as
follows: Lot one, car corn and clover
pasture; 10!. two allowed to hog down
rye, and lot three car com and rape
pasture. In addition all lots were fed.
approximately a quarter of a pound of
tankage daily per pig. The respective
lots made average dairy gains of 0.82,
0.57, and 0.75 pounds per pig, and con
sumed, aside from pasture, 2.66, 6.34
and 2.91 pounds of feed per pound of
gain. Lot two was then put in with
lot one on clover and lot three remain-
ed on the rape, where the pigs were
fed for 26 days. The pigs on clover
made an average daily gain per pig, of
0.75 pounds, consuming 3.64 pounds of
feed aside from pasture per pound of
gain, and the lot on clover, 0.87 pounds
gain, consuming 3.16 pounds of feed
per pound of gain.

 

When the farm horses are idle, if
but for a single day, their grain ration
should be reduced . a means of avoid‘
ing attacks of azoturia, which are caus-
ed by inactivity of highly fed horses.

 

 


 

 

JUNE 10', 1916.

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

 

Judging Dairy Cattle H

I would like to know how to judge
cattle. W'ould like to know the pomts
on Jerseys and also the beef type.
Does a high-scoring animal always
prove to be a good high-producing one?
1 am about to buy a registered Jersey
bull. Can you tell me how to pick out
one( about one year old) intelligently?
What are the best producing families
of Jerseys?

Montcalm Co. R. J. G.

It is no small task to tell how to
judge cattle. The Professor of An-
imal Husbandry at one of our Ag-
ricultural colleges would doubtless
take several weeks to tell a class how
to judge cattle. It can not be very sat-
isfactory answered in a brief article.

To judge cattle one must know the
history and characteristics of the dif-
ferent breeds. Cattle judging consists
in selecting the best individual in some
class of some particular breed. It is
not comparing breeds, as some seem
to think. No one could judge Holsteins
and Shorthorns in the same class.
The breeds do not have the same char-
acteristics. It would not be proper to
attempt to judge Shorthorns and Here—
fords in one class, because, while they
have a similarity of type in one respect
~—beef conformation, yet they differ
materially in many characteristics and

transmitted in no small measure. But
sometimes this is not transmitted in
any great degree, and one is never sure
of the value of a dairy sire until his
heifers mature. Results are what is
wanted. You are. not absolutely sure
of these results until you see them in
his heifers.
To state that one family of Jerseys
is superior to another is only stating
an opinion. It could.scarcely be sub-

stantiated by facts.
(‘oimx C. LILLIE.

 

VARIATIONS IN THE CREAM TEST.

One of the most common causes of
dissatisfaction 011 the part of the man
who sells cream on the butter—fat bas-
is, rises from variations in the test.
This is especially true if each can is
tested separately and the best way for
the seller to convince himself that the
tester is neither careless nor dishonest
is to secure a little outfit for himself.
A well made, accurate, and satisfac-
tory tester can now be bought for five
dollars and its use will not only sat-
isfy the seller that he is getting honest
treatment but will enable him to de-
tect the boarders in his herd. The fol-

 

A Good Dairy Cow has to be

can not well be compared. One must
be familiar with the type of each breed
and make comparisons between indi-
viduals of one breed, comparing each
with the standard for that breed.

However, breeds are divided for con-
venience of study into three classes.
Beef breeds, dairy breeds and dual-pur-
pose breeds. All breeds belonging to
one of these classes have characteris—
tics that are general and common. But.
the breeds belonging to one class—
dairy or beef—have each individual
breed characteristics and should be
judged by themselves.

In a general way the beef breeds
have a massive body, broad level
backs, straight top and bottom lines,
short thick necks. They are squarely
built, with heavy loins and thighs that
are well let down.

The dairy type is almost the oppo-
site to the beef type. The dairy cow
has an angular body, narrow back,
high arching flank, long slim neck, and
has a wedge—shaped body.

The dual-purpose type is a happy
medium between these two extremes.

Unfortunately production does not
always go with type in dairy cows,
though as a general rule it does.

The selection of a dairy sire is a
great question. His value depends on
his prepotency, that is, his power to
reproduce in his offspring the desira-
ble characteristics of his race or his
ancestors. Economical production of
milk and butter—fat,together with breed
type, is the quality sought for in his
heifers.

Knowing the breed we select a bull
as true to type as possible. He
should possess masculinity. We want
him to be a splendid representative of
the male of. his breed. ,

We shall select "one whose ancestors
are known producers; the greater pro-
ducer, other things being equal, the
better. It is reasonable to suppose
that this quality of production will be

Wedge-shaped Conformation.
lowing are likely causes of variations
in the cream test:

A change in the speed of the sepa-
rator immediately causes a change in
the tests of the cream, the higher the
speed the greater the amount of skim-
milk thrown out and so the higher the
test of the cream secured. Putting it
in another way, a low speed results
in a larger quantity of thinner cream.

The use of the float does not always
insure a uniform flow of milk into the
separator, because the faucet may not
always be opened equally wide and the
flow will be more rapid when the tank
is full than when it is nearly empty.
Anything which makes the inflow more
rapid will increase the proportion of
skim-milk which goes through, and
lower the test of the cream secured.

The amount of water used in flush-
ing may easily be varied a pint or
more, and this without any other cause
or variation may change the test by
two, three, or even four or five per
cent.

The test is, of course, readily con-
trolled by means of the cream screw,
but as it is seldom changed in this
way, on the average farm, there should
be no trouble because of variation from
this source.

Variations in cream tests are prac-
tically never caused by changes in the
feed of the cow as every well informed
cream seller is now aware.

Mistakes are most likely to result
from carelessness in taking samples,
as they must be very carefully and
skillfully taken if they are to tell the
truth and result in a fair payment, but
actual dishonesty is probably much
rarer than many sellers believe. A
clever thief would manipulate the re-
ported test in such a way as not to
arouse the suspicion that an honest
report sometimes brings up in the
mind of the man who does not consid-
er all the possible hidden causes of

   
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
   
   
  
  
  
 
  
   
  
  
  
  
    
  
   
  
  
  
  
   

 

he Separator That’s» Having
Such RemarkabIeSaIe

Over 100,000
SOLD IN
TWO

 

THIS ‘

Is the Separator
That Broke Its Own Record

The sales during the last two
yearshavebeenenormous—over100,000
and still climbing. Reliance Cream Separa-

tors have met with ready sale for the last
twenty years and more, but two years ago the manu-
facturers decided to outdo themselves, to make of the
Reliance a separator that would excelauyseparator made
—a separator exz'raordz'nary~absolutely self—oiling—one
that wouldn’t miss a speck ofcream—a separator that would
prove the greatest profit-maker farmers ever had —- and the
housewife was not forgotten. The Reliance had to be of right
height for easy handling, and so simple that the cleaning of it
would be no work at all. They succeeded. The new model

Reliance Cream Separator

has twelve important points, whose tremendous value
and added excellence in separator building

have shot sales up so fast we have hardly

been able to keep up with orders.

Write for Reliance book which describes the
self-oiling device. Machine oils itself every time
it is turned. No cups—no Iubricators. Learn

about the wonderful Reliance bowl—and how
it skims so closely. Here’s the separator
that possesses all the features
farmershavewished and hoped
for. A profit-maker at every
turn.
Reliance Engineering 00.

Box 563?
“RISING. -MICH.

WRITE
FOR
RELIANCE

 

 

 

LINE of
Wind MIIs,

Pumps and

Steel Tanks

 

MON ARCH

  
  
  

 

This mill can
be fitted on
any make of

      

 

 

THIS all-steelchurn is just ,, » tower. Write
what you have been wait- ,.-':' ': us for prices.

in for. Make ood butter ° ' -

wifiiout the hard %vork. Drawn The Celina Mfg. Co., Celina, Ohm

 

 

steel barrel, heavily tinned inside
—easy to clean—sanitary—cannot
soak up moisture. Beautifully
trimmed in red and blue. Ask your
dealer or write us for Circular No.5

Slums 8: Burn Mfg. C0" Chicago. Ill.
Established in 1865 '

turg’es ,7," _
Steel Chums L. -

    

  

L \
Cream Separator — The “Star" Performer
Successful in Europe mint-c.1885. Received Grand l‘riJ-es
at 4 different World's Expositions. Marvel of siiiiplit---
ity. Above all in quality. efficiency, durability and
appearance; yet low in price. «w
Easiest cleaned and iissvnihledeeno
clniiiplicated parts. Fewer discamll
alike; interchangeable;noniiiiiliers.
Self—Imlnncing bowl. lliicloscd gcui‘s.

Closest Skimmer on the Market
Recent test of New York State School

    
      
  
 

        
    
   
    

 

 

'5' THAT’S GUARANTEED 5'

 

 

of Agriculture sliowcd loan of but
one pound of butter fatin
5 TONS of skim milk!
lnvestlgato the “VEGA“
ct. more. information about
this wonderful separator, which has
caused such favorable comment by
State Experimental Stations, Agri-
cultural Authoritii-a. and Dillrylllt‘n
everywhere. Send a pot-ital for free
Catalog and nflllle of nearest Dealer.

The Vega Separator 00.. Dept. 11, ~
Fosiorla, - - - Ohio

 
      
  

  
 
 
      
   
   
    

 
 
 

Make new friends eve day—scores of them-—
in every community. wenty years experience
behind every one insures the best design. work.
manshifi and material producable. No guess
work w en you buy a Kalamazoo—freight paid
to your station—~GUARANTEED.

Glazed l'ilo Silo gPemanent Farm

, rofit Producer."
The double wall vitrified tile block, glazed both
sides. is far superior to the common tile or
cementblock. Moisture fully retained, with frost barred
out, means perfect silage with minimum loss. Am Ie

—to produce more milk than any other ration
either home mixed or purchased and do it
Without giving your cows constipation or
udder trouble. Ready to use right out of the
sack Without any mixing.

   

. 5 reinforcemen Securely anchored by its own weig t.

K ' Your choice of {our most lastin
Absolutely free from adulterous and fillers. just “00‘ Sh" SIIO woods. The Kalamazoo ls thg
like “3911?“! you unld mix for your-semis 980655] .. ‘3. only factory where this outfit is manufactured
combination of choxce cottonseed meal. dried beet “‘6'. r. complete from the raw material to the finished
pulp, gluten feed .corn istillers' grains.wheat bran, Ag" '

product. Service and satisfaction. .

A success secret of Kalamazoo Silos Is the all steel. hot galvan-

Ind. continuous opening door (tame. fitted with 1 tries ol

everlasting edwood doors. and either the tileol wood I: 3:.in '

erected by home labor. Let us prove to you the Kalanhxoo

quality. Tell us the lite and kind of silo you want and will

one you money by our cooperative sales plan. wnu today.
BAILY lurxns SAVE uuxav

6‘ (““1100 TANK & Sllll 00”!“

tum :‘imit
“flllt : tllll
will i lllllg
twat-tilt;
ltlll‘. Illlli

wheat middli‘mis and a ittle salt, that’s all; each in-
gredient weig ed_ be: automatic scales and all
thoroughly mixed‘in logo power driven mixers,‘so
that itis always absoluteIY'nnifon'n. > and always
good. An extra quart or two of milk dail from each
cow may turn a loss into a profit.Try LAllRO-FEED

or more tongs. Sold on "many lock ii on nlisliel"
plan. the ecision bein entirely up to you. LARRO Hull-21ml

 

 

variation.—-Mo. Ag. College.

 

 

dealers almost everyw ere; write if none near you. ”ll" 'III
THE UIIIWE Mllllli CO llSSIiIl-uio Ild|., Detroit. Mich. bi 'L,

Ilarrmou 6r Kalamazoo, llohlnn

 

 

 


  

736—8

 

THE MI‘CHIGA

Mich. State Brand for Butter

. By FLOYD W. ROBISON.

HERE can I get good butter ‘2” is
the despairing cry of the house-
wife in Michigan, says Commis«

sioner James W. Helme of Michigan.
She goes to market and sees tub after
tub of butter labeled “Elgin,” “Cream-
ery," Extras,” etc., and buys some that
in 48 hours has a billy goat beaten for
odor. -

“Much good butter is made in Mich-
igan. It is shipped to New York and
Philadelphia. Much poor butter is
made in Michigan. it is sold in Mich-
igan for two reasons: First, because
other states won’t take it except at a
very low price. Second, because the
dealer can sell this butter at a cent or
two cheaper than good butter and
make a bigger margin on it besides.
Much butter now on sale in Michigan
is creamery butter placed in cold stor-
age in Chicago last summer. Chicago
now sells it at 27 cents and it is retails
ed here at 37 cents. Cold storage but-
ter six months old is not long for this
world after being taken out. For de‘
veloping flavors that will paralyze a
skunk, cold storage butter has cold
storage eggs beat a mile.

“The last legislature authorized the
State Dairy & Food Department to es-
tablish a state brand tor butter. Be
fore any creamery can sell butter un-
der the state brand, the creamery must
make a grade ol’ butter that will uni—
formly sell in the New York market
as ‘Extras.’ To bring this about, three
expert butter-makers visit a creamery,
inspect and regulate its methods, in-
sist on clean factories and clean dair-
ies supplying it, and instruct and edu-
cate the buttermakers and farmers
how to obtain a clean, healthful uni-
form product. They put in several
weeks at each factory. By January 1
we shall have enough factories up to
the standard of ‘lflxtras’ to put out the
state brand. ’i'his brand will guarantee
the buyer an extra quality of butter.
if a factory lowers thequality of its
product, the state brand will be taken
away. We will then establish selling
egencies over the state to sell ‘State
Brand Butter.’ in the meantime par.
ties who wish to buy an extra grade of
butter will be furnished the names of
creamcries that are producing such
goods, by writing to the State Dairy at
Food Department, Lansing, Michigan."
«Quoted from the American Food
Journal, May, 1915.

Since the legislature of 1905 made
it the duty of the State Dairy & Food
Commissioner to foster and encourage
the dairy industry in this state the var"
ious executives in charge of that de—
partment have devoted considerable of
their energies to improving the sani~
tary conditions under which milk and
cream are produced, and likewise the
sanitary surroundings of the creamer-
tes and cheese factories.

The Scoring Contests.

Former Deputy Dairy & Food Com<
missioner, Mr. Lillie, established in
this state the monthly scoring contests
for butter and the various creameries
of the state Were invited to send sam:
ples of their butter to this scoring con—
test and have its merits passed upon
by an expert butter judge. This was
continued for a considerable period of
time and those creameries which took
advantage of the opportunity which
the state offered in this way received
a great deal of benefit.

Michigan Butter Has Not Been High
Grade.

The object of this proceeding was
not only to make the business of but-
ter-making a better business financial-
ly for the dairy interests of the state,
but it was likewise to improve in a
marked degree the food properties of
the butter on the market. Some of our
western states, particularly Wisconsin
and Minnesota, have enjoyed a marked
distinction in the eastern markets be-
cause of the superior qualities of the
average butter produced in these

states. On the contrary, Michigan has
not been recognized .in this respect,
due to the exceedingly miscellaneOUs
character of the butter which she has
produced. The reason for this has
been an entire lack of‘ uniformity in
method among the buttermakers and
the almost entire absence of any uni-
formity of grading cream.

Creameries throughout the state
have beetrzealously bidding against
each other. Competition has been so
rife in this reSpect, at least in certain
sections, that almost any product
which contained butter—fat would be
purchased by the creamery and that
regardless almost entirely of the con-
ditions of sanitation under which it
was produced.

This peculiar condition regarding
butter is difficult to understand. Cer-
tainly in the long run it works in a
way antagonistic to a good butter mar-
ket and furnishes at the same time
much of the ammunition which the ole-
omargarine interests of the country so
readily take advantage of.

The State Brand Authorized.

The last legislature in this state au‘
thorized another statute in the inter-
ests ot better milk products. it au-
thorized the establishment of a state
brand of butter and directed the Dairy
& Food Commissioner to permit the
use of this state brand by any cream-
ery which would reach a certain de-
gree of perfection in the manufacture
of butter. In this way this brand of
butter becomes analogous in a sense
to the certification of milk. The idea
is an admirable one and we think
should go a long way toward accom-
plishing the results which have been
attempted for so long. The only re-
quisite to the successful maintenance
of a state brand of butter, as we see it,
is the maintenance of a competent
staff of dairy inspectors. If this brand
becomes a popular one among creamv
cries, as We think it should, provided
the standard is kept high and no one
is permitted to undermine it, it will re.
quire the vigilance of several inspec-
tors who must be selected because of
a peculiar fitness for this particular
work.

We look forward with much interest
and anixety to the working out of the
production of better butter in the in.
terests not only of the consumer but
in the real interests of the producer
and creameryman, and of the idea un-
derlying the marketing of a state
brand of butter for Michigan.

 

HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

(Continued from page 730).
National.

Several hundred additional marines
have been ordered to Santo Domingo
to aid in protecting foreign lives and
property and also to assist the island
government in overthrowing the Arias
revolution.

As a protest against the attempt to
question their loyalty to the United
States, 20,000 German-American Aus-
tro-Hungarian-Americans and Irish-
Americans celebrated American Lib~
(rty Day at Sheepshead Bay, June 4.
The big parade was made up of floats
representing historical events in Am-
erican history.

Reports from 131 Centers throughout
the United States show an increase in
bank clearings for the month of May,
1916, over the same month in 1915 of
40.5 per cent, which indicates business
prosperity in every part of the country.

The Plattsburg military training
camp opens Monday for a four weeks’
training course for business and pro-
fessional men. Nearly 700 men from
New York City and Philadelphia left
early this week to become students in
this military school. A much larger
contingent is expected to take the
work during the‘ four weeks beginning
July 2.

James J. Hill, known as the empire
builder of the Northwest; a financial
and industrial statesman and railroad
man, died in Minneapolis last week.

David Stott, one of Detroit’s leading
manufacturers and financiers, and a
leading miller of the middle west, died
suddenly at his home in Detroit, Sun~
day morning.

N

FARMER

JUNE 10. 1916. ‘

Woman’s: Work is
Quickly Done

And done easily in‘ farmhomes where these modéril

conveniences are provided to aid her.’

No more of the drudgery of cleaning and fillingdirty
oil lamps—no more carrying of kmdhng and budding
fires in the old cook stove— none of the distasteful labor,
ofpthe old fashioned country kitchen.

But instead, freedom from all this, by, the aidfiofithej

Pilot-Carbide- Outdoor
Lighting and Cooking Plants
‘Eiery woman owes it ’to herself 5.71 to her children t5 {Shea/d1

"vantage of every convenience within her reach. . Every husband and
father owes it to his wife and family to prowde the home comforts
‘ ’ / , / ,

within his means.

i til

4.

Hundreds of thousands of people with homes like yours are today
enjoying the benefits which the Pilot provides. You will be pleased to find
out how little it will cost to put these same year round conveniences
in your home. thte today for our illustrated catalogs and descrip-
tive booklets giving all the facts. These will be sent free by return mail.

A. R. GRAHAM, Supervisor

810 Mason St, FLINT, MICH.

Plants in the World.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

\ ‘\

\|

/

lit-'11 trip, ,
0::qu ACETYLENE COMPANY. CHICAGO . l
Largest Makers of Private Lighting and Cooking ‘ \

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

I

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ll\
1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

“ll“ l l

 

Hill 1
l

 

llll

 

\

 

 

1 Jill

 

 

 

SHARPLE

It’s truly a woman’s Separator.

Branches : Chicago

SUCTION-
FEED

SEPARATGR

makes three cows earn more for you than four cows without it.

-And it will save from 7 to 13 pounds of butter per cow yearly
that every other separator loses through imperfect separation.
Still it is simpler, easier washed and easier kept clean than
any other separator—no discs, no oil holes, no high lifting.
Ask for catalog,
for Dairymen, and see your dealer as well.

The Sharples Separator Co.,

‘ ‘ Velvet ’ ’

West Chester, Pa.

Also SharpleJ‘ Milkers and Gasoline EngineJ
San Francisco

Portland Toronto 3

   
 
 
 
 
  
  

 

 

wl

 

.Farquhar Thresher: handle all va-
metres of grain, are longlived and easy
to operate. ‘
Simple throughout. provxdes for ample
separating and cleaning faculties. This
means fast, efficient t
light operating power.
The Farquhaerbrator as illustrated above.
answers every requirement or the merchant
thresherman. It is built in six sizes and can
be supplied with all latest labor-savln
attachments, such us Sell Feeder Wing
Stacker. We her, etc. For the individual
user with in; t power, the Farquhar Rake

1910 Thresher Book will explain wh on
should own a Fnrquhar. Write us conce’i‘n’lng
your requirements, and we'll send a copy

A. n. FARQUIIAR co., Lid. Box 512. York, h.
We also nonuhoturo Basin“. Somali.
dunno Older Prunes. Potato Digger-I,

 

  

Our construction, though

res hing with

 

 

 

0 ton
Garter

223.754.;

Fits smoothly—doe. not bind, slip or let go.
Will not injure the hose.
comfortable.

Light. easy and
Get the gotta that gives the
greatest satisfaction—ask for the “Boston."

Links 25 canto. Silk 50 cents.
“one: FnosrlcouPANv. nuns. Ioo'rou

  
 
    
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

on an ideal outfit.

out charge.

I!-

 

Guln 1mm. , 0‘1“ng no.

 

 

i

 

Reliable Wa

a

 

ments‘ in myoar
12 or 16 size.

tubes at Bargain Prices“

Elzin or Hnmpden Howe! move-
old-filled cases.
Regu arly 810 and 312.

My special prices open face $8.25;

Hunting can 310.
dad it not satisfactory.

refun-
Write to-
E.

day. Jewelery catalogue FEE

J.W. DGNlAN.

cea:
National Bank of Flint.

Flint.

115 E. lat St.
Mich
Industrial Bank

.

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
   

LITERATURE W: a}
POETRY L13 1 At; t >
HISTORY ana -,
INFORMATION ql‘flklfléfigggf
F __ PUB~L15H

  

at“

t
I I

 

‘
2‘7 l5 ‘
' t .

 

           
 

“t’

The FARM BOY
an? GIRL
SCIENTIFIC an?
MECHANICAL

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

This Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week.

 

 

 

EAR by year, the importance of
Y our bird life becomes more and

more. apparent. The number of
bird lovers is constantly increasing
with the increased knowledge concern-
ing the feathered folk.

Almost too late, law makers are
awakening to the fact that some of our
most useful birds are becoming almost
extinct for the lack of proper protec-
tion. The army of insects that would
in a few decades, literally devour the
earth, is kept in check by the birds
which wage ceaseless war on the rav-
aging hosts. In our own state, the
quail is a notable example of a most
useful bird that: well nigh became ex-

lllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllilllll'l‘i.‘Ii?‘.‘;;1">‘%;’15-Iltltlilllllllllllllll”1.73}lift;l3if!Hillillll{llllllHllllillllllllllllltillllllllllllllllilllllllIlli‘h’lilllF!!!ii;llilli.’lllllilllliliillflfllllilllliiilllillit‘lillllllllllltiiflllllliilllilllilllit?ll.‘iillilllilllillllllllllllilllilll‘llllllllllllillllJill‘fil‘fi“

True Incidents About Birds

By j. A.

tinct because of lack of proper laws
protecting it. As the case now stands,
the laws in regard to this bird are
made largely in the interest of the
sportsman, but the time is not; far dis-
tant when the interest of the farmer
will be paramount, and the quail will
be protected from the gun of the
sportsman for all time.

In the light, of the ever—increasing in-
terest and importance of bird life, inci-
dents connected with our more com—

KAISER

mon birds have a lively interest for a
constantly increasing number of peo—
ple. The following briet‘ narratiyes
are true in the minutest detail, and
will doubtless be read with interest by
many of the readers of this publica-
tion:

My first tale has to do with an oriole,
that Vigilant and useful inset'tit'orous
bird whose presence among fruit trees
means destruction to thousands of in—
sects. This oriole in question, resort-

l I

   

".i Mi? liltillliiililittllliillllfiiilllil

BilHililillt’llillilliitfll1.7"”)? 1:3"

Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere

ed frequently to a plum tree located
within a few feet of the dining—room
window. The tree was white with
blossoms, and the gay oriole in his
spring suit of orange and black, flash-
ed amid the. branches of snowy white-
ness like. a gleam ot‘ burnished gold.
He coquetted and whistled in front of
his mate who was also an occupant of
the tree, and seemed to know only joy
in his world.

(if a sudden, a change came over the
dapper young bridegroom. \Vith ruff-
led t'eathers and throbbing breast, he
darted at the near-by window and hit
the pane with a bang. Returning to
the tree, the performance was again

 

it" ‘3|llFilllli|IHl!!lllllllllltilllllllllllIfI|Ill|Illlil|iillllilllllllllllfiillll

WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES

 

 

 

Statue of George Washington Recently
Unveiled at West Point, Donated by
a Patriotic Citizen and Veteran of
the Civil War.

 

American Photographer with Bulgarian
Forces in Serbia Faces Death many
times, Being Suspected as a Spy.

' ‘, Jun; 3 '
Watt?

" 513*?

 

 

 

 

Federation of Women’s Clubs, 20,000 Strong, in Session in New York City.

Copyright by Underwood. l Undrwood N. Y.

 

 

 

Lieut. Patton Aided in Capturing Capt.
Cardenas, a well—known Lieutenant
of Gen. Villa’s.

 

 

 

 

 

At Right is Lieut. Navarre, the French

Aviator who has Brought Down Six-
teen German Warplanes.


 

738—10 '

repeated, and was kept up at intervals
for hours, the exasperation and annoy-
ance of the bird growing more marked
with each fresh effort.

'An investigation into the cause of
the strange action, revealed the fact
that the light was reflected from the
window in such a way that the oriole
could see himself in the~glass. Unable
to explain the phenomenon with his
bird intellect, he could draw but one
conclusion. That pert, fine-looking
male oriole was a dangerous rival, a
menace to the peace and happiness of
his household, and therefore, a deadly
enemy. The numerous attempts of the

,;oriole to close with his antagonist
_; were amusing to the observer, but full
of baffled rage and near tragedy to the

bird. The incident shows that the
‘feathered folk, like human beings,
sometimes borrow imaginary troubles
and are visited by illusions that are
the cause of much useless and nerve-
racking worry.

The second tale relates to some crow
blackbirds. These birds are neither
so beautiful nor so musical as the
oriole, but their usefulness can not be
questioned. The writer has seen a
flock of them following all day, the
farmer’s drag, and picking up in al-
most unbelievable numbers, the cut-
worms that were waiting to destroy
the young corn. The birds would car-
ry a beakful—sometimes as many as
six or eight worms to a clump of ev-
ergreen a quarter of a mile away, and
in a few minutes would return again to
the field for fresh prey. The ever-
greens sheltered several nests contain-
ing young birds. But to return to my
second tale:

A lady‘had spread some lace cur-
tains on the fresh green grass, in the
warm May sun, and had pinned the
curtains in place on the sod by the
use of tooth—picks. Chancing to look
that way sometime later the lady be—
held one» of these crow blackbirds
leisurely drawing the tooth-picks from
the ground in which they had been
placed. The bird was making a trip
around the curtain, pulling each tooth«
pick in its turn and dropping it. He
seemed to have no particular use for
the little pieces of wood, and his act
resembled more the work of a mis-
chievous child than anything else.

The third account has to do with a
robin, the most common and perhaps
the most widely-known and loved of
all our birds. But the robin in these
days, is not without his enemies among
men. He dotes on strawberries and
cherries, and there are those who say
he destroys more than he saves of the
earth’s products. Of course, this is not
true, although it must be admitted that
the robin’s inroads among berries and
cherries are sometimes exasperating
to a marked degree. His cheery, whole-
some song in itself, counteracts any
damage he may do, and who after all,
would take this familiar bird from our
dooryards and orchards!

The robin in question had come ev-
ery spring for a number of years to
the same tree to nest and rear her
young. One spring she did not come
at the usual time, and the man who
had learned to look for her coming,
thought she had met with some fatal
mishap. At length the bird arrived,
several weeks later than usual, and
with her mate began the Work of
home-making. One day the observer
noted a peculiarity in the aspect of the
bird, and upon closer inspection found
that one foot was missing. This, then,
was the explanation of the long delay.
The robin had lost a foot in some ac—
cident, and probably nearly lost her
life at the same time. Through the
summer months, however, the crippled
bird reared her young, the last nest of
eggs being laid late, due to the late
ness in arrival in the spring. In the
autumn, a tragic end came to the bird
that had performed with so much brav-
ery and perseverance, her allotted
tasks in life. Through her inability to
move quickly she fell a prey to a cat
that chanced that way.

These three little incidents reveal

THE MICHIGA

something of the comedy and tragedy
in the bird world. The birds have a
110st of enemies, and their slaughter
each year is enormous. Hawks, owls,
snakes, weasels, red squirrels, boys,

 

N EAaMER

and even men, prey on the beneficial
birds. Give the birds about yOur place
a' show. Lend them a hand in time of
need, and the good you do will return
to you an hundred fold.

Illiill|liilllllllilillllllllillllililllIlliiiIii!llliHlIlllllllIIIIiilillllif‘ilililllillmllli||HillIliilliiiiililliillililillllliliiiiiiiiiimilliiliiilliilflllllllllllillililiilIlliiillllllilIllIIIIIIIHIHIIIIHIHIIIilitlltllilllllllllllllilllillllllllll

Light of Western Stars

 

WWWWW‘W By ZAN E GREY

Beyond Bernardino he sheered off
the road and put the car to a long,
low—rising slope. Here the valley ap-
peared to run south under the dark
brows of the Guadaloupes. Link was
heading southwest. Madeline obserVed
that the grass began to fail as they
climbed the ridge; bare, white, dusty
spots appeared; there were patches of
mesquit and cactus and scattering
areas of broken rock.

She might have been prepared for
what she saw from the ridge top. Be-
neath them the desert blazed. Seen
from afar, it was striking enough, but
riding down into its red jaws gave
Madeline the first affront to her im-
perious confidence.

She saw a bare, hummocky ridge,
down which the car was gliding,
bounding, swinging, and this long slant
seemed to merge into a corrugated
world of rock and sand, patched by
flats and basins, streaked with canons
and ranges of ragged, saw-toothed
stone. The distant Sierra Madres were
clearer; bluer, less smoky and sugges-
tive of mirage than she had ever seen
them.

The bouncing of the huge car, throw-
ing Madeline about, fastened her at‘
tention upon the way Link Stevens
was driving and upon the immediate
foreground. Then she discovered that
he was following an old wagon-road.
At the foot of that long slope they
struck into rougher ground, and here
Link took a cautious, zigzag course.
The wagon-road "disappeared, and then
presently reappeared; but Link did not
always hold to it. He made cuts, de—
tours, crosses, and all the time seemed
to be getting deeper into a maze of low
red dunes, of flat canon beds lined by
banks of gravel, of ridges mounting
higher. .

Still Link kept on and never turned
back. He never headed into a place
that he could not pass. Up to this
point of travel he had not been com-
pelled to back the car; and Madeline
began to realize that it was the cow-
boy’s wonderful judgment of ground
that made advance possible. He knew
the country; he was never at a loss;
after making a choice of direction he
never hesitated.

Then, at the bottom of a wide canon,
he entered a wash where the wheels
just barely turned in dragging sand.
The sun beat down white—hot; the dust
rose; there was not a breath of wind;
there was no sound save the slide of a
rock now and then down the weathered
slopes and the labored chugging of the
machine.

The snail pace, like the sand at the
wheels, began to drag at Madeline‘s
faith. Link gave over the wheel to
Madeline and, leaping out, he called to
Nels. When they untied the long
planks, and laid them straight in front
for the wheels to pass over, Madeline
saw how wise had been Link's fore-
thought. With the aid of those planks
they worked the car through sand and
gravel otherwise impossible to pass.

This canon widened and opened out,
affording an unobstructed view for
miles. The desert sloped up in steps,
and in the morning light, with the sun
bright on the mesas and escarpments,
it was gray, drab, stone-colored, slate,
yellow, pink, and, dominating all, a
dull rust-red. There was level ground
ahead, a wind-swept floor as hard as
rock.

Link rushed the car over this free
distance. Madeline’s ears were filled

with a droning hum, like the sound of,
a monstrous, hungry bee, and with a

 

 

strange, incessant crinkle, which she
at length guessed to be the spreading
of sheets of gravel from under the
wheels. The giant car attained such a
speed that she could only distinguish
the colored landmarks to the fore, and
these faded as the wind stung her eyes.

Then Link began the ascent of the
first step—a long, sweeping, barren
waste, with dunes of wonderful violet
and heliotrope hues. Here were well-
defined marks of an old wagon—road,
lately traversed by cattle. The car
climbed steadily, surmounted the
height, and faced another long bench
which had been cleaned smooth by
desert winds. The sky was an intense,
light, steely blue, hard on the eyes.
Madeline veiled her face, and did not
uncover it until Link had reduced the
racing speed.

Presently another height was reach.
ed, and here Madeline fancied that
Link had driven the car to the summit
of a high pass between two mountain
ranges. The western slope appeared
to be exceedingly rough and broken.
Below it spread out another gray val-
ley, at the extreme end of which glist-
ened a white spot that Link grimly
called Douglas. Part of that white
spot was Agua Prieta, the sister town
across the line. Madeline looked with
eyes that fain would have pierced the
intervening distance.

The descent of the pass began under
difficulties. Sharp stones and cactus
spikes penetrated the front tires, burst-
ing them with ripping reports. It took
time to replace them. The planks were
called into requisition to cross soft
places. A jagged point of projecting
rock had to be broken with a sledge.

At length a huge stone appeared to
hinder any further advance. Madeline
caught her breath. There was no room
to turn the car; but Link Stevens had
no intention of such a thing. He back-
ed the car to a considerable distance,
then walked forward. He appeared to
be busy a moment, and returned down
the road on the run.. A heavy explo-
sion, a cloud of dust, and the rattle of
falling fragments told Madeline that
her indomitable driver had cleared a
passage with dynamite. He seemed to
be prepared for every emergency.

Madeline looked to see what effect
the discovery of Link carrying dyna~
mite would have upon the silent Nels.

“Shore now, Miss Majesty, there
ain’t nothin' goin’ to stop Link,” said
Nels with a reassuring smile.

Madeline began to see her cowboy
driver with clearer eyes, and his spirit
awoke something in her that made
danger of no moment. Nels likewise
subtly responded; and though he was
gray-faced, light-lipped, his eyes took
on the cool, bright gleam of Link’s.

Cactus barred the way—rocks bar-
red the way—gullies barred the way,
and all these Nels addressed in the
grim humor with which he was wont
to view tragic things. A mistake on
Link’s part, a slip of a wheel, a burst-
ing of a tire at a critical moment, an
instant of the bad luck which might
happen a hundred times on a less per-
ilous ride—any one of these might
spell disaster for the car, perhaps
death to its occupants.

Again and again Link used the
planks to cross washes in sand. Some-
times the wheels ran all the length of
the planks, sometimes they slipped off.

Presently he came to a ditch where
water had worn deep into the road.
Without hesitation he placed the
planks, measuring distance carefully,
and then started across. There was

JUNE 10, 1916.

grave danger of ditching the machine.
One of the planks split and sagged a
little, but Link made the crossing
without a slip.

The road led' under an overhanging
cliff and was narrow, rocky, and slight—
ly down hill. Bidding Madeline and
Nels walk round this hazardous cor-
ner, Link drove the car ahead. Made-
line expected to, hear it crash down in-
to the canon, but presently she saw
Link waiting to take them aboard.

Then came steeper parts of the road
——places that Link could run down if
he had space below to control the car,
and, on the other hand, places where
the little inclines ended in abrupt
ledges upon one side or a declivity
upon the other. Here the cowboy let
the car slide down with ropes on the
wheels and half-hitches upon spurs of
rock.

Once, at a particularly bad spot,
Madeline exclaimed involuntarily:

“Oh, time is flying!”

Link Stevens looked up at her as if
he had been reproved for laziness or
neglect of orders. Like a glint of steel
on ice, his eyes brightened coldly. Per-
haps that utterance of Madeline’s was
needed to liberate his recklessness to
its utmost. Certainly he put the car
to seemingly impossible feats.

He rimmed gullies, he hurdled little
ridges, he leaped breaks in the even
road. He made his machine cling like
a goat to steep inclines; he rounded
corners with the inside wheels higher
than the outside; he passed over banks
of soft earth that caved in the instant
he crossed weak places. He kept on
and on, threading tortuous passages
through rock-strewn patches, keeping
to the old road where it was clear,
abandoning it for open spaces, and al-
ways going down.

At length a mile of clean, brown
slope, ridged and grooved like a wash-
board, led gently down to meet the
floor of the valley, where the scant
grama-grass struggled to give a tinge
of gray. The road appeared to become
”more clearly defined and could be seen
striking straight across the valley and
leading to a deep, narrow wash. It
plunged down on one side and ascend-
ed on the other at a still deeper angle.
The crossing would have been difficult
for a horse; for an automobile it was
impassable.

Link turned the car to the right,
along the rim, and drove as far along
the wash as the ground permitted. The
gully widened and deepened all the
way. Then he took the other direc-

tion. When he made this turn Made- ‘

.line observed that the sun had percep-
tibly begun its slant westward. It
shone in her face, glaring and
wrathful.

Link drove back to the road, crossed
it, and kept on down the line of the
wash. It was a deep cut in red earth,
worn straight down by swift water in
the rainy seasons. In some places it
was only five feet wide; but Link
drove mile after mile looking vainly
for a place to cross. Finally progress
to the south was obstructed by impas—
sable gullies where the wash plunged
into the head of a canon.

It was necessary to back the car for
some distance before there was room
to turn. Madeline looked at the imper-
turbable driver. His hard, immutable
face revealed nothing. When he reach-
ed the narrowest part of the wash he
got out of the car and walked from
place to place. Once, with a little
jump, he cleared the gulf. Then Made
line noted that the farther rim was
somewhat lower. In a flash she divin-
ed Link’s intention. He was hunting
for a place to jump the car over the
crack in the ground.

Soon he found one that seemed to
suit him, for be tied his red scarf upon
a greasewood bush. Then, returning
to the car, he clambered in and broke
his long silence by muttering:

“This ain’t no air-ship, but I’ve out-
figgered thet durned wash!”

He backed up the gentle slope and
halted just short of steeper ground.
His red scarf waved in the wind.

I}

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

JUNE'm, 1916.

 

“Sharing a Treat."

IHIHHIIHIHillilllillllillllililliililllilliilHilililliililliiiiIlliilliliililllIiiiiiiiiiliiiiliiiEiiiilillfliliilliiilHill

Hunching low over the wheel, he start-
ed, Slowly at first, then faster and
faster. The great car gave a spring
like a huge tiger. The impact of sud-
denly formed wind almost tore Made.
line out of her seat. She felt Nels’s
powerful hands on her shoulders. She
closed her eyes.

The jolting headway of the car gave
place to a gliding rush. This was brok-
en by a slight jar; then above the hum
and roar rose a cowboy yell. Made-
line waited with strained nerves for
the expected crash. It did not come.
Opening her eyes, she saw the level
valley floor without a break. She had
not even noticed the instant when the
car had shot over the wash.

Pulling the hood down over her face,
she sank low in the seat. The whir
of the car now seemed to be a world-
filling sound. Again the feeling of ex-
citement, the poignancy of emotional
heights, the ever-present, impending
sense of catastrophe, became held in
abeyance under the sheer intensity of
physical sensations.

There came a time when all her
strength seemed to unite in an effort
to lift her breast against the terrific
force of the wind, to draw air into her
flattened lungs. She became partly
dazed. The darkness before her eyes
was not all occasioned by the hood that
pressed like a stone mask on her face.
She had a sense that she was floating,
sailing, drifting, reeling, even while
being borne swiftly as a thunderbolt.
There was a long, blank period, from
which she awakened to feel an arm
supporting her.

Then she rallied. The velocity of:
the car had been cut to the speed to
which she was accustomed. Throwing
back the hoop she breathed freely
again.

The car was bowling along a wide
road upon the outskirts of a city. Mad~
eline asked what place it could be.

“Douglas,” replied Link. “An’ jest
around is Agua Prie’ta.”

That last name seemed to stun Mad-
eline. She heard no more, and saw lit-
tle, until the car stopped.

Nels spoke to someone. Then the
sight of khaki-clad soldiers quickened
Madeline’s faculties. She was on the
boundary—line between the United
States and Mexico, and Agua Prieta
lay before her.

A soldier, evidently despatched by
Nels, returned and said that an officer
would come at once. Madeline’s atten-
tion was centered in the foreground,
upon the guard over the road, upon
the dry, dusty town beyond, but she
was aware of noise and people in the
rear. A cavalry officer approached the
car, stared, and removed his sombrero.

“Can you tell me anything about
Stewart, the American cowboy who
was captured by rebels a few days
ago?” asked Madeline.

“Yes,” replied the officer. “There
was a skirmish over the line between
a company of Federals and a large
force of guerrillas and rebels. The
Federals were driven west along the
line. They say that Stewart fought

recklessly and was captured. He got
a Mexican sentence. He is known here
along~ the border, and the news of his
capture stirred up excitement.

We did

”THE MICHIGAN ‘FARHMER

all we could to get his release. The
guerrillas feared to execute him here,
and believed that he might be aided
to escape; so a detachment took him
away to Mezquital.”

“He was sentenced to be shot Thurs-
day at sunset—tonight ‘2”

“Yes. It was said that there is some
personal reSentment against Stewart.
I regret that I can’t give you definite
information. If you are friends or rel-
atives of Stewart, I might find—”

“I am his wife,” interrupted Made-
line. “Will you please read these?”
She handed him the telegrams. “Ad—
vise me—help me—— if you can!”

With a wondering glance at her the
officer received the telegrams. He read
several and whistled low in surprise.
His manner became quick, alert, ser-
ious.

“I can’t read these written in Span-
ish, but I know the names'signed.”
Swiftly he ran through the others.
“Why, these mean that Stewart’s re-
lease has been authorized. They ex-
plain mysterious rumors we have heard
here. Greaser treachery! For some
strange reason messages from the reb-
el junta have failed to reach their des-
tination. We heard reports of an ex-
change for Stewart, but nothing came
of it. No one started for Mezquital
with authority. What an outrage!
Come, I‘ll go with you to General Sala-
zar, the rebel chief in command. I
know him. Perhaps we can find out
something.”

Nels made room for the officer, and
Link sent the car whirring across the
line into Mexican territory.

Madeline’s perceptive sensibilities
were now exquisitely alive. The white
road led into Auga l‘rieta, a town of
colored walls and roofs. Goats and
pigs and buzzards scattered before the
roar of the machine. Native women
wrapped in black mantles peeped
through iron-barred windows. Men
Wearing huge sombreros, cotton shirts
and trousers, bright sashes round their
waists, and sandals, stood motionless
to watch the car go by.

The road ended in an immense plaza,
in the center of which was a circular
structure that in some measure resem-
bled a corral. It was a bull-ring, where
the national sport of bull-fighting was
carried on. Just now it appeared to be
quarters for a considerable army. Rag-
ged, unkempt rebels were everywhere,
and the whole square was littered with
tents, packs, wagons, arms. There
were horses, mules, burros, and oxen.

The place was so crowded that Link
was compelled to drive slowly up to
the entrance to the bull-ring. Made-
line caught a glimpse of tents inside;
then her view was obstructed by a cur-
ious, pressing throng. The cavalry
officer leaped from the car and pushed
his way into the entrance.

“Link, do you know the road to Mez-
quital?” asked Madeline.

“Yes, I’ve been there.”

“How far is it?” .

“Aw, not so very far,” he mumbled.

“Link! How many miles?” she im-
plored.

“I reckon only a few.”

Madeline knew that he lied, and ask-
ed him no more. How stifling was this
crowded, illosmelling plaza. The sun,
red and lowering, had sloped far down
in the west, but still burned with fur-
nace heat. A swarm of flies whirled
over the car. The shadows of low—sail-
ing buzzards crossed Madeline‘s sight.
Then she saw a row of the huge, un-
canny birds sitting upon the tiled roof
of a house. They had no air of sleep-
ing or resting. They were waiting!

She fought off a horrible, ghastly
idea before its full realization. These
rebels and guerrillas what lean, yel-
low, bearded wretches! They watched
Link curiously as he worked over the
car. No two were alike, but all were
ragged. They had glittering eyes, sunk
deep in their heads. They wore huge
sombreros of brown and black felt, of
straw, of cloth. Every man wore a
belt or sash into which was thrust
some kind of a weapon. Some wore

(Continued on page 744).

 

 

>_\
i

in)

y

  

Let the Olds

' ’1147'39

    

Do It

Let the OLDS engine do your

farm work; your
pumping, churning,
sawm , run our
electric light pant,
etc.

Let the OLDS give you satisfaction under our liberal guar-
antee—lasts you a lifetime, always ready to run, easy to start
in coldest weather, develops full rated horsespower.

Let the OLDS save you money in fuel expense. The OLDS

doesn’t eat up gasoline.

It is known all over the world for

the small amount of fuel it uses.

Let the OLDS save you trouble. ‘The OLDS is so built that

it is easy to repair.

the bed; you don’t

to tear down the engine
when you want to re air
the cylinder. The va ves
are vertical and in sepa-
don’t
have to take off the cyl-

‘rate cages; you

inder head when

need to have the valves

reground. These

tures save you trouble,
cost of expert help and

loss of time.

Let the OLDS mixer prove to you

the quality of the engine.
It is an excluswe, pat-
It has no
moving parts to wear out no: plunger to keep
in. repair; no pump to repack. ’I‘he OLDS
mixer will never wear out.

ented feature.

Let the OLDS number you

15mm ~satisfied users.

RELIANCE ENGINEERING COMPANY

Lansing. Michigan

997 Walnut St.

 

The cylinder is cast separate from
have W

  

you

fea-

among its

 

 

 

 

 

DOWN and
One Year

      
 

W?

    

 

min: Device, IIusI

Frame-0pen Mil
and ”cam Spouls. and save money. Write TODAY.

 

 

 

‘ Albau Il-Ilover 00.,2 lss Marshall Blvd., chicago, III.

 

  
 
    
 
 
 

 

For more than A -
thirty years we
have been building
high grade Buggies
here. and today we, .
are, selling our full \QTV
line of splendid
vehicles at

”B e for e- /. /!

the .\\'AR” K {9111‘

pr i ce s. -£k_"~'

Every, job >w$ Iii "
isfullV "

guaranteed. I
\

‘\

    
 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 

WI also manulnclun Trailm and commerclul bodies Io:
us. with nuiomobllu.

Catalog Free on Application. Dollars Saved
When You Buy of Us.

Kalamazoo Carriage ti Harness 00.
Dept. M. Kalamazoo. Mich.

 

 

proof and Easily You can have 80 days FREE trial md see for yourself
Cleaned _ I. 0 W how easily one of these splendid machines will earn
new" Tank __ Oil its own cost and more before you pay. Try it along-
side of any separator you wish. Keep it. it pleased.

Paihed Ball Belr- If not you can return it at our expense and we will
lugs—Easy Turn- refund your 02 deposit and pay the freight charges
ing ‘_ s a n i I a ' both ways. You won‘t be out one penny. You take
{ no risk. Postal brings Free Catalog Folder and direct:

from factory offer. Buy from the manufacturers

T0. Pay

For any Shel-Direct from Factory

You can now get one of these splendid money-making. labor.
savmg machines on a plan whereby it Will cam its own cost and
more before you pay. You won’t feel the cost at all.

.324 it? new BUTTERFLY

No. 2 Junior—a light running. easy cleaning. close skimming. durable,
lifetime guaranteed separator. Skimsllb quarts per hour. We also make four other
sizes up to our big 600 lb. capacity machine shown here—all sold at similar low prices
and on our liberal terms of only 82 down and a year to pay

ifi;ii°."..°“°'s"iit? 30 DAYS’ FREE TIIIA

 

   
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
    
 

GUARANTEED
I LIFETIME

  

no. 5%

01m 15.000
now In no.

    
 

WHITE SWEET CLOVER
Specially treated for quick germination.
ALS() FANCY NH”) UM MAMMO H
ALSIKE AND ALFALFA CLOVERS,
TIRI()THY SEED, WINTER VETCH.
or i-nlnrliw (”11‘ special price llSI.

» I‘- ‘~~ «I ~. Aslif
VOUNG-BANbOLPH SEED (10., owossa MICH.

 

 

TIMOTHY ALSYK 5.1.5."
Bags extra at 20c each. Send us your order.

Young-Randolph Need (‘0. ()wosso. Michigan

 

eradicated or money
[88 Oler refunded. Treatment
tor 100 trees $1.00.
Wright Antibore 00., 602 Hlnman Ava, Evanslon, ill.
sw E E T Builds Worn Oul Soil. Has higher
protein content. than alfalfa. Write

CLOVER for prices and information.
Everett Barton, 13.129, Iv‘almouthJi’y.
SoY BEANS Planted with pneilage
corn greatly int-ream

the quality of the feed. Write us for prices.
YOUNG-RANDULI’H SEED (‘10., (Mussel, Michigan.

 

 

 

 

 

The " Berlin
Quart"

IheWhite Basket
That secures highest
prices for your fruit.
\Vrite for 15916 ('ilizllog
shmringmu (‘Olll plete line
and secure your baskets
and crates at WINTER
DISCUI‘N’I'S.

the Berlin Fruit Box 60.

   

 

 

 

 

Borlln Heights. Ohio.

DOGS

COLLIE DOGS

The Best on Earth at. Reasonable Prices.
E. A. ROGERS, Dundee, Michigan.

Fox, Coon and Rabbit Hound Pups

From the best of blood and brokehounds. 85.00 each.
Broke hounds at all times, stamp photos.
H. G. LYTLE, Fredericksburg, O.

 

 

 

LIGHTNING Rods 6% e per it. Best quality. (‘opper cable.
Buy direct. Fr'I. prepaid, Satisfaction guaranteed. Com-
plete installing directions. Valuable catalog and sample free.
Robinson a Seidel Co. Box 25, Washinglouville, Pa,

 

 

“nun”: Fan Huu‘l’ma—Fox. 0§on and Rabbits. on
w. I. ucxv. “sea'noi’é‘nduhi’i‘ao'3t 33$“

 


 

740—12 , THE M I C H I G A N ’F‘A‘R ME R V ‘ JUNEi‘o‘rim

 

|

 

 

 

To completely realize that ideal
which the public has yearned for—t
which producers have long striven to
attain——

That was the definite purpose be—
QoadS'l'eP b$ 595 hind the $615 Overland.

Model 75- f'. o. Tole dc» A small car with comfortable, roomy
seats that would ride as easily as a big
one~—— 4,
A small car with “big looks” that a
man could buy and yet keep on speak—2
ing terms with both his pride and his
pocketbook—

A small, light car that would reach
a new low level of operating and up!"
keep expense—

‘H‘ 2'22

1‘“

222 2 22222 2222222

w ..... 222222222222

mnnmm

 

   


 

UNE io‘r 1916-.

I

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

 

 

@331 Not Emush

deal
)r—t
n to

b6-

omy
l big

I

at a

Bali-4

1 his
win

:ach
up!"

T...

Mum”!!! Hhm

.mm1u.l.WW a u l will

That has been the ideal.

That was the definite need which
the $615 Overland supplies with defi-
nite finality.

But a luxurious small car—like most
ideals—~was difficult of attainment.

And to attain it and still keep the
price lower than any other complete
automobile had ever been sold for,

. meant quantity production on a scale

never before attempted in cars of this
class.

We increased our capacity to 1,000
cars a day—emore than double any
previous output of cars of this class.

*— J”...

“In.

 

And the result is this comfortable
small car, beautiful and complete, for
$615.

Never before has any complete auto—
mobile been sold at anywhere near so
low a price.

And never before has any small,
light, economical car been anywhere
near so comfortable or so beautiful.

But so completely have we realized
a popular ideal that 1,000 cars a day is
not going to supply the demand.

If you order yours today it will not
be a day too soon to avoid delay.

See the Overland dealer at once.

 

Catalog on Request. Please Address Dept. 566. ’

 

Ellis-Overland Company, Toledo, Ohio

”Made in U.S..'A

 

 

 

 

 

 


THE “mic“mcm FAR’M‘E‘R

 

 

 

7423—14 JUNE 10, 19,16.
g , . $ngllIIIlllmlIlllIllIlHIllIIHHIll!HIlllHIlllltIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIlIllmIllllllllHlmllHHIllHlltINlllIlllllllllIIlllttlllllllllilllllllllllllllmlIll!IllIIIlll[IlllllllllllHimillllllllltitlttllltltltlIlillllllHIIHNHIHILE
ZcAWeekPays Wash Bill“ W 01 H N ’d
With A 5%!!!IlllllIllllllllllilllllltlIllllHHHHHIIHIIHIHIIlll|HIIHIIIHHHIHIIIIIIItllHIIHIIlltllIIIHHIHHHHIIHIIIHllIllIIlllIHI|llIIIlllllllHtlllllHHHIlllIHIIlIllIlHHHIHIHHHHIHHHIHHIIMHHIHIIIHNHIIIIIIIHIHHIHHUIE

Field Two-in-(ine Power Washer

Eight in the Mom
And the Day’s Work Done
With a Field Power Washer
O A T wo—in-One.

 

The Interchangeable Lid is a new feature in Power Washers.
Simply put it over any tub on the platform. It keeps one tub busy all
the time, washing, rinsing or bluing. Can rinse and wring at the same
time. Can wash and wring from any tub at the same time. _The
swingin r wringer works over any tub and is controlled by a smgle
lever. ‘an wring eight different ways. No pedals.

The Points of Merit on a Field Power Washer:

l—-Fold under a strong 5-year guarantee.

z—llas solid steel frame.

Ii—Wringer can be instantly started. stopped or reversed. . _ .
4—lfquipped with the best swinging wringer whieh will operate in any posztion.
5—Wringer is equipped with double reversing drain-board.

ti—llas two racks for holding elothes basket.

7—-—l‘ositively the best power washer on the market.

b-—.\‘()l.l) to give satisfaction or money refunded.

Special 10 Day Offer

'l'o introduce this washer where it isn‘t N) well known we are
going: to make a speeial 10 day oil’er ot. ...........................................

This price good only ten days. $28.39
The F ield-Brundage Co., Jackson, Mich.

Life More Than Money-Making

 

 

 

 

”THEFURNACE

THAT SAVES
YOU MONEY

   

The heating plant has more to do with comfort
in the home than any other one thing—so don’t
spoil your home life with a poor furnace.

Wm W0 LVERINE FURNACES

(Rate 60c per line ) 1 Guaranteed One 1.000: are making thousands of farm homes comfort.

Circulation Line Lines able. 'l‘hey burn any fuel—do not heat the

"Benign“ Farmer, cellar—are easy to clean and operate and are

(R.&°:%°gli)gicl%e ) sold direct to you from factory with all fixtures

' atthc lowest possible priec for tirstquality goods.

Pennsylvanla Fame" ()ur own heating engineers plan every job and

Philadelphia. Pa. our own expert mechanics install it. Every job
Rate 301: per line.) o

is guaranteed to give perfect. satisfaction and all
Indiana yum”, 57 101 25 05 castings guaranteed for five years.
1 - on.
lndinnanolls, ind.

Send us a postal card today for IiQ-page FREE
Catalog' that tells all about WOLVERINE FUR-
Th° Progressive NACES. Ask for catalog No. 7].
Farmer
Birmingham—Raleigh

......_...,,,,,, Marshall Furnace Company

Breeder’s Gazette, 90,000 .00 .60 17 Dobbins SL, Marsha“, Mich.
ChicagoJll.

Prairie Farmer

BEST FOR TH E READER
THEREFORE

BEST FOR THE ADVERTISER
Ohio Farmer,

270,000 $1.17 $1.17_

 

 

174,121 .80 .80

 

100,000 .50 .50
Chicago.

lioard’s Dalryman, (37,820 .40 .40
Ft. Atkinson, Wis.

Wisconsin Agri-

culturlst, 03, 4.54 .30 .30
Racine, Wis.
The Farmer, 140,855 .(30 .55

St. Paul, Minn.
The Farmer’s Wife 750,001) 3.00 3.00
St Paul. Minn.
Wallace’s Farmer, s0,000 .40 .40
Des Molnar. in.
Kansas Farmer, 61,253 .30 .30
Topeka. Kan.
Pacific Rural Press 22,000 .10 . 16
San Frunclsco, Cal.

 

 

 

 

CHICAGO, ILL. quickly.

Ask our ocer. today. for a. 15 cent package,
WALLACE C. RICHARDSON. Inc. sufliciezt {0151.00 loaves of bread. 'If he does not
\Vestern Representative. 41 Park ROW. have it, send us his name and we will send you a
NEW YORK CITY. generous sample FREE. Address Dept. H

~ HO-MAYDE _PRODUCTS CO.
Ironou'ro. elm. DETROIT. MICH.

 

 

 

 

 

When writing advertisers mention Mllchgan Farmer

 

  
 
  
  
  
 

1,863,465 38.43; as 43; u
'l‘hese publications are conceded to he the HIRE, “HolEsouE
authoritative farm papers of their individua. H0.MAYDE prevents failures on Bake Day;
For further informatimi address ., it makes the sponge rise sooner. and so shortens
{ the time of bread making. : i ;
GEORGE W.~ HERBERT! .lnc' ' I ' The same quantity of flour will give a larger.
Western Representative, Advenlllng Bldg-a ,1, better and sweeter loaf, which will not dry out so ;: _

MAY have written this incident be-
I fore. If I have, please forgive me,

but it made such an impression on
me that it still persists in bobbing up
every so often, though it is three years
since I first heard it.

A young couple who had been mar-
ried just eighteen months were sitting
before their fireplace.

“What do I mean to you, dear,” said
the husband, putting his hand tenderly
over his wife’s.

“Just $25 a week,” she came bacl?
promptly, “and 1 was just thinking
you haven’t handed it over yet-to-
night.”

The story was told as a joke, but
somehow it makes me shudder instead
of smile. That life should become so
sordid that a woman can see nothing
in it but work and money, that a hus-
band means nothing but his weekly
pay check, could anything be more
ghastly? In justice to the wife in this
particular instance, it must be admit-
ed that circumstances were very much
against her. They were buying a
home, there were city, county and
state taxes to pay, a sewer tax, a pav-
ing tax, a. new baby to feed and clothe
and indigent relatives on each side to
give a weekly dole. it took all the
young woman‘s wits and business abil-
ity to make that $25 do the things ex-
pected of it, and hard work, with no
play, had forced her into a, position
where life meant only the necessity of
paying bills and meeting sudden de-
mands on time and pocketbook.

Yet the fact that “life is more than
meat and the body than raiment,” is
just as true today as it was hundreds
of years ago when the words were first
spoken, and before modern strenuosity

and so-called “improvements” of civili-
zation had forced so many of us into
the position of machines for making
money. Life was meant for us to en-
joy, not simply to endure. And the
best way to enjoy it is :6 give up the
chase for money. '

Now do not mistake me. This is not
an argument in favor of'shiftlessness.
But aren’t most of the hard workers
simply engaged in chasing a few ex-
tra dollars when they already have
enough to make them comfortable?
Why work hard to have, a little finer
home than our neighbor when after we
get it we are either too tired to enjoy
it, or just get it in time to have the
funeral in it? Why stay home from
the fair or the falls, or refuse to take
a trip to California when we have the
time or money, in order that we may
buy more land or get a“ mortgage on
our neighbor's farm, when we already
have more land than we can work?
'Why crush all jollity and 'fun and hap-
piness out of life when there are so
many simple pleasures which may be
had for the taking?

We Americans two generations old
sneer at the foreigner who has not yet
gotten over his habit of play. But
after all, he has the better of us. He
knows that life at best is hard enough,
and that a little play, even if it looks
like buffoonery, is going to make the
next hour’s work a bit easier. He acts
like a child, yes. But why not? Aren’t
the work-weary adults always wishing
they were children again? Let’s all
keep a little of the play spirit and
make of life something besides a grind
where work is prime minister and the
dollar is king. ,

DEBORAH.

llilHlltHlIlllilltlllllll|IlltllHlllltH!IIHllliiilliHliillllllliltttlliiltHHIllllllll|||NIIt!!!HINilltlIllIHHHIIIll|HHlllllilHIHIIII!lINIHIIHHIlIHHIHHIIIHIIIIINHIHHIIIIIHIHHHHHIIlillll[HIIHIIHHIIHIIIIHHIHIIIIHIIIIIHHI

Balanced Rations for Husbands

By M.

)R some years now farmers and
Fstock raisers have been taking an

ever-increasing interest in the sub-
ject of balanced rations for animals.
As soon as it was conclusively shown
them that a proper ration brought bet-
ter animals and higher prices they
were ready and eager to read all they
could on the subject and put into prac-
tice the teachings of scientists on the
subject of feeding.

The subject of a balanced ration for
human beings came up for considera-
tion at the same time, but for some
reason mothers and cooks have been
much slower to adopt new methods,
and while domestic science writers and
household editors have been hammer-
ing away on the subject of proper feed-
ing of children and adults, the women
who cook have been strangely apathet-
ic. There are some mean enough to
say that the reason for this is that
husbands and children can not be sold,
and that therefore it doesn‘t make any
difference whether they are fed prop-
erly 01‘ not. I prefer to think the rea-
son is because the articles on food val-
ues and food properties have been
made so technical and generally cut
and dried that the hurrie 0, harrassed
women readers have been scared off
by the glimpse of words and names
they hadn’t time to go and look up in
the dictionary.

Really the matter of a balanced ra-
tion is so simple that children who are
still reading only words of one syllable
may be made to understand the sub-
ject. We need only to remember that
the body needs food to keep it grow-
ing ,food to keep it warm and food to
give us strength to work, and that
these three things are done by three
kinds, or two classes, of food. Simple,

A. L.

isn‘t it? For everything we eat may
be classed under one of the three
heads, and the classification is so sim-
ple that any woman, however busy,
may make the classifications for her-
self while she washes the cream sep-
arator. ,

Proteids and carbohydrates are the
two great food principles talked about
so learnedly by food experts. Please
to remember that the carbohydrates
include all foods that may be classed
as starches or sugar and fats and oils,
and that the proteins include every-
thing in animal food except the fats,
and peas, beans, and lentils as well,
and your lesson is all but learned. Pro-
teids are also sometimes called albumi-
nous and nitrogenous foods, and the
best; specimen we have of a proteid is
the white of egg. This class also in-
cludes skim-milk, the curd of cheese,
lean meat, whether fish, fowl or ani-
mal, and the part of grains which gives
the sticky, stretchy quality to dough.
What could be more simple?

The starches and sugar, who could
not classify? For starch, we must re-
member, is converted into sugar in the
body during the process of digestion.
The breakfast cereals we eat come un-
der this class, the crackers, toast, pie
crust, cakes, cookies, potatoes, rice,
tapioca, arrowroot, corn starch, and
everything of like nature. The salad
vegetables, lettuce, cabbage, tomatoes
and others containing a good deal of
water, and most acid fruits are eaten
not for either starch or proteids, but
for the mineral substances found in
their juices which the body needs as
well as needing hearty food.

Fats and oils, of course, we get in
butter, cream, fat meat, olive oil and
other vegetable oils, and in small quan-

I in tin
‘.

l (
.nm 1.._.4-‘ — “a“... ....-...._ yawn-F 4,,
..

 

 

 

 

_4.

 

ttr

 

 

 


 

_“ - w..—--—— n-.-_..~ MM“... Q:- g...

‘i

 

 

 

 

—J— -m 1-..... .-

Y

 

 

JUNE 10,1916.

THE M.ICH,IGAN.FARMER

15—743

 

titles in many other foods'which will
be mentioned in later articles.

As to balancing the ration properly,
what could be easier? The adult hav-
ing gotten his growth, needs only
enough protein to keep his worn-out

' cells built up, but as he must work

hard, he needs plenty of food to give
him strength and heat. The strength-
giving foods are found in starches and
sugars, hence he needs more starchy
foods than he does meat and eggs. His
food should be on the average about
three-fifths starch and sugar, one-fifth
fats and oils, or fat meat, butter,
cream, etc., and one-fifth proteins, or
lean meat, eggs, cheese, baked beans.
Besides, give a dash of fruit and wa-
tery vegetables to keep the blood cool
and in good condition.

Children, who are growing, must
have cell-building foods to make them
grow, as well as to replace the cells
worn out in their rough and tumble
play. Hence they need rather more
milk and eggs and lean meat in pro-
portion to the starches than do adults.
What this proportion is to be each
mother has to figure out for herself,
by trying just what each child can
take and keep in perfect health. No
two people can be fed alike, hence the
balanced ration is peculiarly a home
problem for the mother.

A SUCCESSFUL RURAL CO«OPERA-
TIVE LAUNDRY.

 

Blue Monday as a result of the
drudgery of wash-day has been ban-
ished from the vicinity of Chatfield,
Minn. A cheap and most successful
co-operative laundry has worked this
wonder and the housewives, both of
the town and on the surrounding farms
now devote themselves to better
things than bending over washtubs.

Some years ago the butter-maker of
'the Chatfield co—operative creamery
equipped a discarded churn for the
washing of his laundry. The secretary
of the creamery saw the equipment
and conceived the idea of operating a
rural laundry in conjunction with the
creamery. Fortunately, the stockhold-
ers of the creamery had on hand about
$2,000 in undivided dividends. The
creamery being a strictly co-operative
concern it was necessary to put the
proposition up to all the stockholders
so a big basket picnic was held, when
a vote was taken, including the women
as well as the men, and the result was
overwhelmingly in favor of embarking
on the new enterprise. The stockhold.
ers of the creamery company own
about one-third of the stock in the
laundry, the remainder of the 224
shares being held by the town peOple
as well as the farmers. Both creamery
and laundry plants are run together
which is of course, economical, and
the result has been entire prosperity
for the laundry and moderate prices
for laundering. The charges are five
cents a pound, which includes ironing
of all flat work, underwear and stock-
ings. About one—half of the patrons
have their ironing done at the laundry.
The average cost per week for a fam-
ily washing has been $1.05 and patron-
age is about equally divided between
city and country. The business done
last year amounted to $5,856, of which
$735 was profit, refunded to the stock«
holders.

The farmers bring their laundry
when they bring their cream and get it
on the following trip. The collecting
and delivering of laundry within the
city limits is done by a local drayman.
In lieu thereof, the farmers get a 10
per" cent rebate based on the actual
amount of patronage. All city laundry
is delivered C. O. D., while the cream-
ery patrons have their laundry bills
deducted from their monthly cream
checks.

The laundry has received many let-
ters of praise, both for the good work
turned out, but more especially from
the wives,‘ who declare that the lifting
of the burden of home washing and
ironing has been a load which they did
not'realize‘ was so great until they

were relieved of it. One of these let-
ters which contains a strong plea for
the establishment of co-operative laun-
dries reads as follows: _

“In the conservation of mothers on
the farm, rural co—operative laundries
rank first, in my opinion. Having had
25 years’ experience as a farmer’s wife,
I san say that I have taken more com<
fort the past three years than ever be-
fore because of having dispensed with
the washing and ironing. This change
gives me two days of recreation that I
can call my own every week and also
gives me more time in which to ac.
complish the household duties. I have
never had cause for complaint, as all
articles come back in good condition
and I see no reason why the work is
not as satisfactory as that done at
home, if not better, as it leaves no
backache or tired muscles in its wake.
I am sorry all women can not see the
advantages such an enterprise has in
the community and all patronize it.
Some send part of their clothes, and
others none, clierishing the foolish
idea that they are economizing.
Strength and health, two priceless gifts
which go a long way toward making
home happy, are sometimes sacrificed.
The men on farms have sane ideas
about the laundry as a labor-saver,
and are proud of the fact that by milk-
ing a few extra cows to compensate
for the extra outlay, they are doing
their share to help lighten the house-
work. The rural laundry, like other
good things, is jostled in its infancy,
but is too good to drop, and will con-
tinue to prosper as well as the cream—
cries and cheese factories of this time.
When this comes to pass there will be
no need for sympathy for the poor
farmer’s wife, and instead of pity, she
will become the envy of her city sis~
ters.”

HOME QUERIES.

 

Household Editor.—I note that M. E.

H. inquires in March 18th issue, COn-> .

cerning a method of staining curtains
ecru. We have found a satisfactory
method in using yellow ochre tied in
a cloth bag in last rinsing water the
same as blueing might be used. Five
cents worth of yellow ochre will last
for years. I shall greatly appreciate
the favor if you will kindly give me
a basket pattern for patch work.——A. S.

Household Editorz—W'ill you please
tell me how to get old wall paper loose
from the plaster, before putting on the
new paper?—Reader.

Why remove it‘! Professional paper
hangers paper over the old, only tear-
ing off the loose bits. Large cracks
through paper and plaster should be
covered with strips of cheesecloth.

Household Editor.—VVill someone
tell me how to dress the backs of two
rugs, one a velvet and the other a
body Brussels, to make them lie flat
on the floor? I have tried every way
but putting on a dressing—Mrs. Wm.
J. B., Brighton.

When rugs do not lie flat the fault
is often in the way the rug is made.
The carpet is drawn too tightly some
place when the strips are fastened to-
gether or when the border is put on,
and little can be done to make them
lie smoothly. If the sizing is out of
your rugs the best thing to do is to
send them to professional cleaners and
have them re-sized. You can not do a
good job at home. You might try a
thin coat of paste or a very thin coat—
ing of glue. Of course, the rugs must
be absolutely clean and dustless be-
fore the dressing is put on.

RECIPES.

 

Delicate Fried Parsnips.—-Scrape the
parsnips and parboil them in salted
water. Cut in slices lengthwise, dip
each piece in molasses and fry in sweet
beef or mutton fat—L. M. T.

The Best Fruit Juice—Put the juice
of four lemons with that of two or-
anges. Strain, and add one cup of
white sugar, then pour in one pint of
grape juice. Stir well and add one
quart 0f water. Place it on ice until it
is ready to serve—Z. I. D. '

 

 

 

No
plays

is bac

and k

Everybody, from Dad
Down, Gets Better Wear,
Comfort and Looks

the girls who want good-looking
hosiery—or the children who require
sturdy, wear-proof stockings,Durable
Durham Hosiery will give everybody
better wear.
siery is made strongest where the
wear is hardest. The heels,soles and
toes are heavily reinforced and the
tops are knit on securely. The chil-
dren’s hose has triplereinforced knees
that make them wear and tear-proof.

DURHAM HOSIERY

EOR,.MEN.,WOMEN AND.CHILDREN
assure satisfaction.
tage of this chance to cut down darning

hosiery that sells for the low cost of 10, 15
and 25 cents. If your dealer doesn’t carry

    
   
 

matter whether it’s Dad, who
havoc with socks—mother and

  
 
   
   
 
     

Durable Durham Ho— '

     
 
    
 
   
 
     

DURABLE-

      
   

 
 

ked by an unlimited guarantee to
Mothers, take advan-

    
    

hitting, by buying this high quality

 
 
      
 

Durable Durham Hosiery,
“N tell him to stock it.

   
 

day wear. buy Durable Durham
Mercerized . 25-cent Hosiery.

For yo ur better-than-every;1

 

 

   

 

 

Post Card wil bring it to you at once.

Detroit, Mich.

Now Ready

Our New
Beautiful Summer
Catalog

Possibly the handsomest Book of
its kind published in this country—
illustrating as it does, all that is new-
est in Summer Wearing Apparel.

Pretty Summer Dresses
Charming New Waisls and Wash Skirts
Motor Hats and Goals
Bathing Suits and Accessories

This Catalo is free for the asking, a

 

 

 

WEAR YOUR OWN W001.

Spun and woven by the old homespun methods.
just as the Pilgrim Mothers did it for the. Pilgrim
Fathers. We Will make you pure. wool blankets.
campers blankets. tweeds, fulled cloth. flannels.
wool batting. yarn. and hosiery. if you will send
us your wool. Write today for price list, and learn
how to save money on the best woolens.

REED CITY WOOLEN MILLS.
Established I883. :— Reed City. Mich

Kill All Flies! "$133“

Placed unywhemJinlsy Fly mun attracts and kills
flies. Neat. clan. ornamental, convenient, and clues!
Lubdlm

   

Daiuy Fly Killer
Sold by (“alarm or 0 an.
by axon-a. crap-id. 81.00.

"auto lOIlRS. IIO Box-lb Av... Broom", luv.

    

s anaharng

 

 

When Writing to advertisers please state that

you ,saw their ad. in

The Michigan Farmer.


LIGHT OF WESTERN STARS.

 

(Continued from page 735).

boots, some shoes, some moccasins,
some sandals, and many were barefoot-
ed. They were an excited, jibbering,
gesticulating mob. Madeline shuddered
to think how a frenzy to spill blood
could run through these poor revolu-
tionists. If it was liberty they fought
for, they did not show intelligence in

N A I A .. I. N their faces. They were like wolves
IVER JDHNSD uponascent.
Every man of the horde over which

Don’t miss another day ofthis glorious sport. ,li her swift glance roamed however
’

Get a bicycle and live in the country this sum- it;

mer. Boys—planalOOO miletourfor vacation. MI dirty and bedraggled he was, wore up-

The 1916 model Iver Johnson is the highest
grade. fastest, strongest and best finished bi- (
cycle we ever produced. It is made of seam- .'
less steeltubing, drop forgings. bear- . r

r‘ ; ings good for ten years '

four coats of baked, hand

on him some ornament, some tassel or
fringe or lace, some ensign, some band,
bracelet, badge, or belt, some twist of
rubbed enamel. $30 to scarf, something that betrayed the van-
,3, $55. Juveniles comm. ity which was the poor jewel of their
Senfigfitj Ef-Zzgzerdook t; A. I souls. It was in the race.
on Bicycles. Jlotor— ‘ ,, " Suddenly the crowd parted to let the
, 211,2?th €52,222?” cavalry officer and a rebel of striking
IIVEIJOHISMI’SAIIIS x presence get to the car.
.1, 311‘ 33:53:25“ “Madame, it is as I suspected,” said
Fitchburg. Mm. the officer quickly. “The messages di-
:9 “jam.“ 3‘. / recting Stewart’s release never reach-
ed Salazar. They were intercepted.
Even without them we might have se-
cured Stewart’s exchange if it had not
been for the fact that one of his cap-
tors wanted him shot. This guerrilla
intercepted the orders and then was in-
strumental in taking Stewart to Mez-
quital. It is exceedingly sad. Why, he
is a free man this instant! I greatly
regret—”
“Who did this—this thing?” cried
Madeline, cold and sick. “Who is the
gUerrilla ‘2”

{7
veryb
“Senor Don Carlos Martinez. He has

Grit Let Rusf been a bandit, a man of. influence in

, v’ ., ' _ j ' Sonora. He is more of a secret agent
at UP our cat in the affairs of the revolution than an
L '- A51 0 T . o I

‘ %_ active participator; but he has seen
pant It guerrilla service.”

I Madeline sank down, almost over-
come. Then two great hands, power-
‘ ful, thrilling, clasped her shoulders,
and Nels bent over her.

“Miss Majesty, shore we’re wastin
time here,” he said.

His voice, like his hands, was uplift-
ing. She wheeled to him in trembling
importunity. How cold, bright, blue,
the flash of his eyes! They told Mad-
eline that she must not give up; but
she could not speak her thought to
Nels—she could only look at Link.

“It figgers impossible, but I’ll do it,”
said Link Stevens in answer to her
voiceless query.

The cold, grim, wild quality in her
cowboys blanched Madeline’s face,
‘ steeled her nerve, called to the depths
' of her for that last supreme courage of
a woman. The spirit of the moment
was nature with Link and Nels; with
her it must be passion.

“Can 1 get a permit to go into the
interior—to Mezquital?” asked Made-
line of the ofiiccr.

Save 25% on “You are going on? Madam, it’s a
forlorn hope. Mezquital is a hundred

The Costof Gasoline miles away; but there’s a chance—~the
‘ barest chance—if your man can drive
AUTO-VIM this car. The Mexicans are either mur-
. . . .. derous or ceremonious in their execu-

:1th €312¥331R°fii$§§hll tions. The. arrangements for Stewart’s
Guaranteedtngiw‘iww will be elaborate; but, barring unusual

cent moremileage. AUTD- . . .
VIM causes perfect. com— Circumstances, it Will take place pre-

 

         
 
   
 

It’s an easy job—requires no ex-
perience. A few hours work makes
your car LOOK LIKE NEW. Re-
paintingedds a year or more Ser-
vice to it and INCREASES ITS
SELLING VALUE.

Allt P” 3, 0“ {III
Contains everything necessary to repaint
a Ford or similar sized car, including top.

Simple directions on each can.
QUALITY GUARANTEED.

Complete $3.00

At hardware. paint and drug dealers. If
your dealer cannot supply you. we will
deliver on receipt of $3.00.

Peaslee-Gaulbert 00., Inc.,Dept. 29
Wed 1861 Louisville, Ky.

  
 
      
  

   
    
         
     
     
     
       
  

  

 

RECTIFIER

 

Don. lncreasespower. Forbgsuttiggi,trgrgyingimi'glré cisely at the hour desjgnated- YOU.
sisal-zilbenttszz 212.3223..t'.:e;a’.s;:ra’ta35:21; need no permit- Your messages are
Emir? gxtgg’s'y‘fre'ggfg? “'“h “ml-“3L "-85 P" official papers. To save time, and per-
. haps delay, 1 suggest that you might
The H' G“ Chemlcal PrOduCIs C077 take this Mexican, Senor Montes, with
SwetIamI BIdg., Cleveland, Ohio you. He outranks Don Carlos and
knows the captain of the Mezquital at-

‘ tachment!”

“Ah! Then Don Carlos is not in

C00], Clean Light; command of the forces that are hold-

ldeaI for hot weather, and forgperating in g Stewart?”
h 1d utilities on warm ays—use u n
rightinums EDISON ELECTRIC “NO- . _
LIGHT AND POWER supplied by the I thank you, Sir. I shall not forget
" your kindness,” concluded Madeline.

‘AYRADE ~ smf' ' ‘
0&m She bowed to Senor Montes and re.

“ ,mtan quested him to enter the car. Nels
. ELECTRIC LIGHT PLANT stowed some of the paraphernalia
.5 Economical -- safe —- sanitary — odorless.

caunggivesfactsyou can't amutoignore away, making room in the rear seat.

:mson “one; ”"5." co. Link bent over the wheel.
mhkesm‘mm" ='= °"""-""" The start was so sudden, with such
mfimmmfi‘fl‘“ crack and roar, that the crowd split in
wild disorder. Out of the plaza the

 

    

 

 

 

'i

 

 

 

 

 

THE‘M-ICH’I'G'AIN‘FARMER .

car ran, gathering headway ;”’d0wn a
street lined by white and blue walls;
across a square where rebels were
building barricades; along a railroad
track full of iron fiat cars that carried
mounted pieces of artillery; through
the outlying guards, who waved to the
officer Montes.

Madeline bound her glasses tightly
over her eyes and wound veils round
the lower part of her face. She was
all in a strange glow; she had begun
to burn, to throb, to thrill, and she
meant to see all that was possible.

The sullen sun, red as fire, hung
over the mountain range in the west.
How low it had sunk! Before her
stretched a white road, dusty, hard as
stone, a highway that had been used
for centuries. If it-had been wide
enough to permit passing another ve-
hicle it would have been a magnificent
course for automobiles; but the weeds
and dusty flowers and mesquit boughs
and arms of cactus brushed the car on
both sides as it sped by.

Faster—faster—fasterl Link Stev-
ens hunched low over the wheel. His
eyes were hidden under leather helmet
and goggles, but the lower part of his
face was unprotected. He resembled
a demon, so dark and stoneshard and
strangely grinning was he.

Madeline realized how matchless,
how wonderful a driver was this cow-
boy. She divined that weakening
could not have been possible to Link
Stevens. He was a cowboy, and he
was really riding that car—making it
answer to his will as it had been born
in him to master a horse. He had nev-
er driven to suit himself, had never
reached an all—satisfying speed, until
now. Beyond that his motive was to
save Stewart—to make Madeline
happy.

His own life was nothing to him.
That gave him the superhuman nerve
to face the peril of the ride. Because
of his disregard of self he was able to
operate the machine, to choose the
power, the speed, the guidance, the
going with the best judgment and the
highest efficiency possible. Madeline
knew that he would get her to Mez«
quital in time to save Stewart or would
kill her in the attempt.

The white, narrow road flashed out
of the foreground and slipped with in-
conceivable rapidity under the car.
When she marked a clump of cactus
far ahead it seemed to shoot at her, to
speed behind her, even the instant she
noticed it. Link took the turns of the
road as if he knew the way was cleared
before him. He trusted to a cowboy’s
luck. A wagon in one of those curves,
a herd of cattle, even a frightened
steer, meant a wreck.

Madeline never closed her eyes at
these fateful moments. lf Link could
stake himself upon such a chance,
what could not she stake? So, while
the great car hummed and thruinmed
and darted round the curves on two
wheels and sped on like a bullet, Mad-
eline lived that ride and meant to feel
it to the uttermost.

But it was not all swift going. A
stretch of softer ground delayed Link,
made the car labor and pant and pound
and grind through gravel. Moreover,
the cactus plants assumed an alarming
ability to impede progress. Long, slen-
der arms of the ocotillo encroached up-
on the road, broad, round leaves did
likewise; fluted columns, fallen like
timbers in a forest, lay along the nar-
row margins; the bayonet cactus and
the bisnagi leaned threateningly; clus-
ters of maguey, shadowed by the huge,
looming saguaro, infringed upon the
highway to Mezquital. And every leaf
and blade and branch of cactus bore
wicked thorns, any one of which might
be fatal to a tire.

It came at length, the bursting re-
port. The car lurched, went on like a
crippled thing, and halted, obedient to
the master hand at the wheel. Swift
as Link was in replacing the tire, he
lost time. The red sun, more sullen
and duskier as it neared the black,

JUNE 10, 1916.

bold horizOn, appeared to mock Made-
line, to eye her in derision.

Link leaped in and the car sprang
ahead. The road-bed changed, the trees
changed—all the surroundings changed
except the cactus. There were miles
of rolling ridges, rough in the hollows,
and rocky bits of road and washes to
cross, and a low, sandy swale where
mesquits grouped a forest along a
trickling sheet of wtaer. Green things
softened the hard, dry aspect of the
desert. There were birds and parrots
and deer and wild boars. All these
Madeline remarked with clear eyes,
with remarkable susceptibility of at-
tention; but what she strained to see,
what she yearned for, prayed for, was
a straight and unobstructed stretch of
road.

But the road began to wind up; it
turned and twisted in tantalizing,llazy
curves; it was in no hurry to surmount
a.hill that began to assume proportions
of a mountain; it was leisurely, as
were all things in Mexico except strife.
That was quick, fierce, bloody—it was
Spanish.

The descent from the elevation was
difficult, extremely hazardous, yet Link
Stevens drove fast. At the base of the
hill rocks and sand all but halted him
for good. Then, in taking an abrupt
curve, a grasping spear ruined another
tire. This time the car rasped across
the road into the cactus, bursting the
second front-wheel tire. ,

Like demons indeed, Link and Nels
worked. Shuddering, Madeline felt the
declining heat of the sun, saw with
gloomy eyes the shading of the light
over the desert. She did not look back
to see how near the red sphere was to
the horizon. 'She wanted to ask Nels.

Strange as anything on this terrible
ride was the absence of speech. As
yet no word had been spoken. Made-
line wanted to shriek to Link to hurry;
but he was more than humanly swift
in all his actions. So, with mute lips,
with the fire in her beginning to chill,
with a lifelessness menacing her spir-
it, she watched, hoped against hope,
prayed for a long, straight, smooth
road.

Quite suddenly she saw it—miles,
seemingly, of clear, narrow lane, disap-
pearing like a thin white streak in dis-
tant green. Perhaps Link Stevens’s
heart leaped like Madeline’s. The huge
car, with a roar and a jerk, seemed to
answer Madeline’s call, a cry no less
poignant because it was silent.

(Concluded next week).

WHAT A PRIZE PIG DID.

 

An energetic school teacher set out
among the parents of her pupils and
succeeded in selling enough subscrip-
tions to win a prize pig. When the pig
arrived the pen was already built by
the school children on the school
grounds for its reception. The parents
were invited and talks on pig raising
were made. The rest of the day was
spent in driving around to some of the
best pig farms in the county where
various kinds of live stock were scored
and disuessed.

The pupils learned that a pig could
not thrive entirely on scraps from
lunches and occasional ears bf corn.
An interested member of the school
committee offered the use of his team
and implements and the pupils started
to work clearing the forest land to
use as a forage pasture. They then
planted crops of rye, wheat, rape, and
grass to afford the pig grazing plots of
green forage. A cold frame was also
put in and cabbage plants were grown
for sale, the money thus realized being
turned over to buy whatever additional
feed was needed to keep the pig.

As a result of the interest aroused,
taxpayers and members of the school
board have given their support to the
establishment of a small demonstra-
tion farm. More land is to be purchas-
ed and the county agent is to visit the
school each week. Since the pig was
brought into the school less than a
year ago, the membership of the coun-
ty pig club has more than trebled.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

THE MIC H IGAN FAR 11313-11

17?- 745

 

 

 

JUNE-103129161
—. 'i ‘ l
' gammmmmmmmmmmmmmm =
g Farm COH]II1€I'CC.:
Emma“11111in11111111111111imililliiiiilmmmmmmmumlimuimmmmmumu1111111111imimnunummuiulmiinmmmimmmnnmmmmmmmiimumImiumumimnmlmulmej

Federating Our “Co-Op” Associations

Dr. W. O. Hedrick of the M. A. C. Points Out the Next Logical Step
in the Development of (lo-operative Associations in this State

HE cooperative m 0 v e m e n t

among farmers in Michigan has

reached a new stage of develop-
ment. Among the co-operative cream-
eries in the neighborhood of Grand
Rapids, the Grape Growers’ “Co-opera-
tives” of Southwestern Michigan, and
the co-operative cattle shipping asso-
ciations located in Hillsdale and ad-
jacent counties completed or nearly
completed, federations have been made
during the past two months.

The interests represented in these
three federations or near-federations
are nearly equal in size, for while the
grape growers have only five associa-
tions to be bound together and the oth-
er two have near twenty each, still the
larger membership and business field
of the grape growers compensates am-
ply for the smaller number of associa-
tions. Each of the new organizations
will serve a federated membership of
approximately 3,000 producers.

The federation is the logical out-
come of the whole co-operative idea.
The local associations, of which there
are several hundred in Michigan at the
present time, came into being upon the
principle of mutual helpfulness. Each
member secures a common benefit
which no member unassociated with
the others would be able to secure for
himself—a market facility, a creamery,
a telephone exchange or some other
one of the half dozen things for the se-
curing of which farmers customarily
unite.

The Functions of the New Movement.

With a federation it is exactly the
same way. A number of associations
territorially adjacent to each other and
rendering similar service to their mem—
bers may join together for a number
of common ends. A more comprehen-
sive marketing scheme including ad-
vertising, may be undertaken if enter:
ed into by a suiiicient number of asso-
ciations. Production areas are agreed
upon so that the management of one
association is not weakening the sup-
port of another by drawing away its
members.
ed in buying supplies where the pur-
chases are made for many, than if
simply made for a single association.
In fact, most of the general benefits
Upon which associations thrive may be
easier secured it gone after by the fed-
eration rather than if sought fer by a
single association. It is a clearcase
of the union that gives strength.

The Michigan (Jo-operative Associa«
tions are almost invariably local in or«
igin—springing up naturally in differ-
ent neighborhoods as they become nec-
essary to oppose bad conditions or de-
sirable in creating new ones. There
has been no mania nor organized agi-
tation for increasing their numbers,
consequently not being the products of
feeling or excitement they seem stable
and necessary and very promising.
Local Associations Merely Economize

in First Handling of Goods.

The starting of a co-operative asso-
ciation is elementally simple—two or
three neighbors in some locality find it
desirable to sell directly to the whole-
sale markets. They are unable of them-
selves to furnish enough products to
make a carload. Neighbors are asked
to co-operate and the great advantages
of carload shipments are made possi-
ble. None of these farmers are famil-
iar with marketing methods so in time
they hire a manager to take up this
side of the project for them and in this
simple way a live stock, potato, fruit
or general produce exchange. is form-
ed. Usually the co-operators in a mar-
keting exchange save the profits which
1131‘ formerly gone to the local shipper

Better terms can be securr

for themselves and in addition they
enjoy some of the benefits in the way
of purchasing.

The co-operative creamery presents
no principle which is different from
those of the “exchange.” Notwith-
standing the manufacturing feature it
is a scheme for marketing, since all
creameries sell their products in the
large cities and therefore act as agen-
s for transferring butter-fat from the
cies for transferring butter-fat from
the farm to the city. The creamery
requires more equipment—a bigger
plant than is required by the “market-
ing exchange" but this is easily pro-
vided by selling shares of stock bear-
ing a fixed rate or through selling a
sufficiently large number of “member-
ships.” The saving here to the co-op-
erator is almost the difference between
the market price of butter and the
price paid for butter-fat by the private
creamery man, since many good dairy-
men claim the “over-run“ in a “CO—op-
erative” should nearly pay the ex-
pense of business.

Many Societies Are Started through
Success of Others.

A great many associations in this
state have originated through direct
imitation of some successful neighbor-
ing association. Indeed, some of these
experienced successful co-operative as-
sociations may be said to have fairly
spawned their kind throughout nearby
regions. Thus the Litchfield Cattle
Selling Association some five years
old, may well be considered the par-
ent of the twenty or more associations
which are entering into the Hillsdale
federation. The Elkton Co-operative
Grain Elevator was the pioneer among
a half-dozen neighboring elevator as-
sociations in the “Thumb.” The Mid-
dleville (Jo-operative Co-partnership
Creamery Association, Limited, is the
acknowledged model for lilteen other
associations in that territory and the
Greenville Produce and Supply Com-
pany selling potatoes has found imita-
tors in all the nearby towns.

The fast growing popularity of the
producers’ unions in Michigan is eas-
ily explained. The agriculture of our
state is “shot through with special-
ties.” Each of these specialties has its
own market and its own problems. Is
it any wonder therefore, that each
should become the basis of co-opera-
tive effort among those participating
in this particular specialty?

The Reason for Success of Co-opera-
tive Efforts.

The striking merits of co-operative
associations, too, as a scheme of or-
ganization are also winning favor. The
distinctive place which service has in
the essentials of these associations
separate them widely from other busi-
ness organizations of all sorts. Increas-
ed incomes they do give to their mem-
bers but they also give incentives for
the improvement of products, for the
conserving of results and opportunity
for the right relationships such as no
other business organization can pos-
sibly give. Service to the association
is the reason for existence of the man—
agement in these organizations, just as
helpfulness to the association, by deal-
ing through it is not only the basis of
a member‘s income in a well organized
association but is also his natural in-
terest as well.

The movement toward federation
seems to have had a larger history in
the “grape belt” than in either of the
two other regions under consideration.
The grape growers of southwestern
Michigan are uniquely situated so far
as their product is concerned through

(Continued on page 747).

 

S ears-Cross
Absolutely Accurate

nrs id 'hn

Sped"""tl'cato ~

Mw’me

    
     
   
   
     
   
    
     
    
   
       
      
   
     
   

  

T is very hard to success-

fully assail reputation and quality,
coupled with a definite policy that
is characteristic and indiscriminately fair to all.
We have established our policy.

We guarantee the quality of our goods.
Reputation is our aim.

. Illustration in this advertisement is our
1 -. popular model FF-lt; Spedindicator for
' 0rd Cars.

It is installed flush with the cowl dash
on the wind shield strip where a speed-
ometer should be.

Its predominant feature that bids for your consideration.

“Your speed at a glance.”

The price is TEN DOLLARS at all good dealers.
Bush Terminal

Sears-Cross Co. , New York

Branches and Service Stations in a"
principal cities.

 

"Model I"l"~16‘ '

 

 

Auto-Oiled Windmill

ALL WORKING PARTS INGLOSED

and. flooded with oil from the supply in the gear case,
which needs replenishing only once a year.

Put

your old
Aermotor
wheel
and vane
on this
sell-oiled
motor.
and have
an up-'
to—date
outfit at
Small
cost.

This helmet
keepsout rain

  
 
 
  
  
 

Don’t waste your time
climbing to oil an old mill. Re-
place it, on your old tower, with an Auto—Oiled
Aermotor which will last you a lifetime and furnish

you an abundance of water.
IT NEEDS ATTENTION ONLY ONCE A YEAR.

Write for Folder-Hanger. It tells all about Auto-Oiled Aer-
motor. and Easy- To-Buildo Up Towers.

AERMOTOR 60., 112] S.Campbell Ave..CHlCAGO

 

 

 

  
 
 
     
   
    
   
 
   
  
   
     
  
  
 
       
 

:.. Double the Capacity with Less Power and considerably Less Speed.
‘ We make Silo F illers of extra large capac-
itV to meet the special requirements of all
Silo users. These machines are specially
designed to be operated by popular size
Gasoline I ligines—G-S- 10-12 and 14 H. P.
Tell us wh at your power is and we will advise you
what size Ross Silo Iiiller you require.

Write for Our Special Proposition Today
and state if you intend to buy this year. Early orders
Will save you money.

The E. W. Ross 60., Box 114, Springfield. Ohio

‘ 1 Bug/earlyand ‘
1 save money. ‘:

 
 

Guaranteed
for life of machine.

 

Binder Twine : Safaris:

teed to gi 1 1- 111150111111 satisfaction or money l1; 11 k..'1()l)ft.

“1111111111190 111:1 tensile strength, insect proof, $9.75 per
1-wt. for prompt orders. \‘Vith a threatened shortage
of (wine. 111111 much higher values in sight the wise
man Willoriler early. A. H. Foster. Allegan, Mich‘

 

r¥d1916 SPIEIIT IRICKORV
us top me apos a an
I will send you a copy of BUGGY
my big new, 1916 Bug ggy
Book,i1‘ree and Post aid. ‘
more than a hundre stunning new .'
styles which my big factory is turn- _
. ing out this season

WANTED~ AN [DEAJVho cax’r'think of simple
-thing to patent? Protect
your i1l1-,11s ”11-4 mm bring 11111 wealth. V‘. rite for
‘ (1-1-:1l11l 11111 1111111111" “ t1 g1 t your Patent
”Ill \11111 M11111 \. RANDUL PH 1? (‘().'1'N
A’IJ‘UICNF‘IS. I)l‘1"l.l‘. 67 “ASHINGTUN 110

 

Wehave many ablebod-
no '0" “Bed Farm "Ilp?11-11 young men. experienced
and lnexperlen ced who want farm work. Ours being a
philanthropic organization 0our servlcm zirelree to em-
player and employee. It} need good steady, sober
man write to JEWI [SH AGGRICULTURAL SOCIE-
TY, 7X2 W l2th St , Chicago, Ill.

-AGENTS WANTEll

to represent a. reliable concern can:

   
   

d
9»
20

11111. no "no on 5
.‘ rut £1116 cufiiii-‘iaférh. co. ’
v.1!“ Cloumbuo. 0M0 A

 

 

Special 8 oz. duck com late vassing among farmers in your own
' Ethfiiififlffifigi’gflé owl-it rience necessary. Liberal pay, and

Send 500 for sample. Larger
sizes and stack and machine

i ii m, covers at low priooc.
W m 0“
‘25 m 100 “c‘. aid-33“"

win-outdo .clzo wumnvmormco.
31-2: 1-81.. and”: Win.

supplies furnished free to right part-
ies. Reference required. Address,

ABVEIIISEII. BARE "IE llGlllliAl FAllllHl,
Detroit, Michigan

  

      

 

 


  

 

THE MICHIGA

g.

N FARMER

JUNE 10, 1916.

 

746—18
Er. llllllllnllllllllllllllllllllllll‘illlllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllfl
E ‘ a
Markets.
alllllllllIllllllllllllllll||llllllll|IllllllllllllIlllllllIllllllll|lllllllllIlllll|llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

GRAINS AND SEEDS.

June 6, 1912.

Wheat—Values for wheat have con-
tinued to decline largely through the
improvement of general crop condi-
tions. There has also been a lack of
demand from foreign countries and the
heavy stocks in terminal elevators give
a bearish tone to all cash transactions.
One year ago No. 2 red wheat was
quoted on the local market at $1.38 per
bushel. Quotations for the past week
are:

 

No. 2 No. 1

Red. White. May.
Wednesday ”1.131/4. 1.08%. 1.14
Thursday 1.11% 1.06% 1.12%
Friday ......... 1 09% 1.04% 1.10%,
Saturday .............
Monday ..........................
Tuesday ........ 1.11% 1.06% 1.12%

Chicago.——July wheat 331.05%, a bu;
Sept. 531.07%. ,

Corn.———Although quotations are rul-
ing lower, the decline in corn values
has not been so great as for wheat.
The outlook for corn is not the bright-
est, late planting and cool weather mil-
itating against the proper development
of the crop. They were paying 730 on
the local market for No. 3 corn a year
ago. Last week’s Detroit quotations
were:

No. 3 No. 3

Mixed. Yellow.
Wednesday ......... 70 72
Thursday ........... 701,12 721/2
Friday .............. 70 1A, 72 1A2
Saturday ............ . . . . . . . .
Monday .........
Tuesday ............ 7 73

1

Chicago—July corn 70%,0 per bu;
Sept. 693/40.

Oats—With a fair supply of mois-
ture and moderately cool weather pre-
vailing, the oat plant, despite late sow-
ing has been doing nicely and dealers
have been inclined to crowd values
downward in harmony with those of
wheat and corn. The supply and de-
mand are about normal. Standard oats
Were, quoted at, 45c a year ago. Detroit
quotations last week were:

No. 3
Standard. White.
Wednesday ......... 41 40
Thursday ........... 41 40
Friday .............. 41 40
Saturday ............ . . . .
Monday ............. . . - . .
Tuesday ............ 42 41

Chicago—July oats 40c; Sept. 38580.

Rye.—Owing to small supplies and
steady demand, this grain remains
steady at 970 for Cash No. 2.

Beans—Further advances have been
made in bean prices. Cash beans are
now quoted at $4.10 per bushel. Chi-
cago market is small, with prices high-
er. Pea beans are quoted at $4.25,
with samples selling at $375634; red
kidneys $5. At Greenville $3.50 was
offered.

FLOUR AND FEEDS.

 

Flour.———Jobbing lots in one-eighth
paper sacks are selling on the Detr01t
market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best
patent $6.20; seconds $6; straight
$5.60; spring patent $6.50; rye flour $6.

Feed—In 100—lb. sacks, jobbing lots
are: Bran $24; standard middlings
$25; fine middlings $30: cracked corn
$33; corn and oat chop $29 per ton.

Hay.—-No. 1 timothy $21.50@22;
standard timothy $20.50@21; light
mixed $20.50@21; No. 2 timothy $19
@20; No. 1 mixed $16@16.50; No. 1
clover $13@14.

DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.

 

Butter.—The market is steady with
little change in prices. Extra creamery
29c; firsts 271,430; dairy 30; packing
stock 21c.

Elgin.——The market is steady at last
week’s price. Price for the week, bas-
ed on sales is 290.

Chicago—The feeling is steady at
last. week’s prices. The trade is am-
ple to prevent any accumulations, al-
though receipts are liberal. Quotations
as follows: Extra creamery 29c; ex—
tra firsts 2814617281430: firsts 271/2 @28c;
dairy extras 281,é@29c; packing stock
230 a pound. . -

Eggs.—-The demand is active With
the price for firsts V20 lower. Current
receipts are quoted at 21140; firsts
21340 per dozen.

Chicago—A steady feeling exists,
with prices unchanged. Trade is good
for fine eggs but slow for poor lots.-

Firsts20%@21-c; ordinary firsts 18@ .1

20c; miscellaneous lots, cases included
20@21c.

Poultry—Market is easy with prices
unchanged. Fowls 18@2OC; broilers
35@400; ducks 18@20c; geese 11@120.

 

Chicago.——The market is lower and
the feeling rather Weak for fowls.
Good quality turkeys sell well. Quota-
tion for live as follows: Hens 181/30;
ducks 12@160; geese 10@120; roosters
111/2c; broilers 11,4@1% lbs. 30@32c;
1@11,./1, lbs. 27@271/2,c; turkeys 200.

 

FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.

 

Apples—Apples easy and in good
supply. Quotations as follows: Bald-
wins $3.25@4; Steele Reds $4@5; Ben
Davis $3@3.50. At Chicago the supply
of good stock is low and held steady.
Quotations: Baldwins $3@3.25; Spys
$5@6; Ben Davis $2.75@3; Wine Saps
$4@4.50.

Potatoes—Potatoes are easy at a de-
cline of 15c in price. Garlots on track
$1@1.10 -for white. At Chicago the
trade is active and market firm for
good stock. No Michigan stock is
quoted but others sell from 88c@$1.10
per bushel. At Greenville potatoes are.
selling for 80c.

WOOL AND HIDES.

 

Wool—Despite the fact that this is
usually a quiet season for dealers, a
considerable volume changed hands in
Boston and other primary wool mar-
kets the past week. England has plac-
ed an embargo on merino wools from
Australia, which has added to the firm-
ness of the market in this country, in-
asmuch as dealers expected to replen-
ish their supplies from that continent.
Growers in the west are' holding for
higher quotations. Michigan unwash-
ed deiaines are quoted in Boston at 30
@31c; do combing 32@37c; do cloth-
ing 26@31c.

Hides—No. 1 cured hides 181/20; No.
1 green hides 15c; No. 1 cured bulls
13c; No. 1 green bulls 10c; No. 1 cured
veal kip 200; No. 1 green veal kip 180;
No. 1 cured murrain 180; No. 1 green
murrain 16c; No. 1 cured calf 280;
No. 1 green calf 250; No. 1 horsehides
$6; No. 2 horsehides $5; sheepskins
as to amount of wool 500@$2.50; No. 2
kip fand calf, 11/2c; other No. 1 hides
10 o .

 

GRAND RAPIDS.

 

Fire home-grown strawberries from
the Benton Harbor district will arrive
this week, selling at $2 to $2.25 per
crate. The Michigan strawberry crop
is late and will be large. The high
price of sugar will affect canning oper-
ations and it is expected will curtail
the demand for all kinds of fruit. Po-
tatoes are pretty well out of farmers’
hands now and the market is a specu-
lative one. Eggs are bringing 210 a
dozen. Poultry prices continue high.
being influenced by the high price of
meats. No. 2 red wheat starts off this
week at $1.03.

 

DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.

 

There was a fairly large number of
farmers at the market Tuesday morn-
ing. Prices firm. Lettuce 55@7OC
per bu; potatoes $1.10@1.25; tomato
plants two dozen for 25c; onions six
large bunches $1: radishes four bunch-
es 25c; eggs 26@300 per dozen; veal
16c. Very little hay is coming forward
at this time.

 

LIVE STOCK MARKETS.

 

Buffalo.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,
New York Central Stock Yards,
Buffalo, N. Y.)

Receipts here today as follows: Cat-
tle 156 cars: hogs 95 d. d.; sheep and
lambs 15 d. d.; calves 1500 head.

With 156 cars of cattle today, there
were around 60 cars of shipping cattle.
The strictly choice shipping cattle sold
about steady, but the medium and
good cattle sold'slow to 100 lower. The
good butcher cattle sold fully steady,
but cows and heifers and low priced
steers showing grass sold 15@250 low»
er. The good choice dry-fed bulls sold
about steady, but the medium and light
grass bulls were fully 250 lower. We
look for a fair run of cattle next Mon-
day and a good market on the corn fed
cattle, but we would advise you to be
very careful in buying these grass cat-
tle, as they are bound to work lower.

\Ve had a fairly liberal run of hogs
today, demand very light and the gen-
eral market for everything but pigs
was 10@15c lower than Saturday’s best
time. Selected hogs sold at $9.70@
9.75; yorkers from $9.50@9.70 for the
best; pigs and lights $9@9.25; roughs
were extremely dull, selling from $8@
8.40 and stags $6@7. Our late market
was very dull and with a number go.
ing over unsold prospects are not very
encouraging for the next few days. ‘

Market was active on sheep and
lambs, with prices 150 higher than the
close of last. week. About all sold and

we look for steady to passibly a shade
higher prices last. of the week.
We quote: Clipped lambs $9.75@

10; heavy lambs $9@9.25; cull to fair
$6@9.50; yearlings $8.75@9.25; bucks
$4.50@6.50; handy ewes $7@7.25;
heavy do $6.50@7; wethers $7.75@8;
cull sheep $5@6; veals, good to choice
$11.50@11.75; common to fair $8@
11.25; heavy $6@9.

 

Chicago.
June 5, 1916.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.
Received today..15,000 40,000 15,000
Same day 1915..15,871 35,427 10,374
Last week ...... 46,369 125,578 69,573
Same wk 1915..36,751 128,704 43,491

Only 8,005 hogs were shipped from
here last week, and prices started off
today a dime lower, with some sales
150 lower, the range of sales being at
$8.90@9.70. Hogs received last week
averaged 221 lbs. Cattle open this
week slow at about steady prices. Not
much change was seen in sheep, trade
opening late.

Cattle sold wider apart last week
than heretofore. The previous top
price for steers was $10.75, but such
beeves sold last week at $10.80@11.05,
with no really choice cattle offered be-
low $10.60 and good steers taken at $10
and upward. Cattle have been averag-
ing the highest in prices ever known.
Steers of medium grade brought $9.25
and upward, fair light steers $8.25 and
upward; distillery fed steers $10.20@
10.75, the highest prices ever reached.
Cows were taken at $6.15@9.50; heif-
ers $6.25@9.85; cutters $5.35@6.10;
canners $3.75fii530. There was an ac-
tive trade in bulls at $5.75@9, with
prime little yearlings the highest sell-
ers. Calves sold actively at $5@11.65,
with light vealers taken usually at $10
and upward. Stockers and feeders
were in good demand, with sales at $6
@9 for inferior to prime offerings. Half
fat yearlings are in the same unsatis-
factory condition as the intermediate
grades of heavier steers, with slow
sales at declining prices. At, the week’s
close steers sold below $9.50 which is
40@50c lower than the recent high
spot and the general run of female cat-
tle showing an even greater decline;
the week’s receipts being much in-
creased, with too many undesirables.

Hogs were steady last week. Re-
ceipts were ordinary. The principal
weakening factor was the poor east-
ern shipping demand. Provisions were
apt to be bearish, although stocks held
in Chicago warehouses are decreasing
and are much lower than a year ago.
Prices for pigs are off. At the week’s
close hogs brought $9@9.80, compar-
ing with $9.15@9.90 a week earlier,
while pigs sold off to $6.50@8.I’.5, the
best heavy packing hogs going at $9.60
and prime light shipping hogs at $9.70.

Sheep and lambs suffered big de-
clines in prices recently on account of
much larger offerings, but the sensa-
tional breaks caused smaller receipts
and substantial rallies in values.
Prices closed last week as follows:
Spring lambs $7fi11.50; fed lambs $6
@1035; yearlings $8.15@9.50: wethers
$7.25@8.15; ewes $2.50@7.7F; bucks
$6@6.50.

Horses were marketed in unusually
large numbers last week, the Monday
receipts breaking all past records, and
there was an excellent demand for ar—
tillery and cavalry horses at firm pric-
es. Local and shipping buyers took
hold fairly at the recent, quotations,
with inferior horses taken at $60@100,
farm workers selling mostly at $100@
125, farm mares at. $130 and upward,
commercial chunks at $165®235 and
drafters at $240®300

LIVE STOCK NEWS.

 

Prime heavy long-fed steers sold
within a short time for $10.90 per 100
lbs. on the Chicago market, with the
next best. price paid the same day
$10.50, a very good illustration of the
extreme scarcity of strictly prime
beeves. On the same day average
prices broke 10@25c for steers and
from 25(d‘40c for most lines of cows
and heifers, the day’s receipts (Mon-
day) being 22,794 head. In normal
times that would not be regarded as a
large supply to start the week with,
but when prices average the highest
ever known, overloading the market is
not a difficult, matter. Luxuiarnt grass
in the pastures of the country and
fancy prices for finished cattle, as well
as for the other kinds, are acting as a,
powerful incentive for purchasing
stockers and feeders, but these‘cattle
have been advanced to such high pric-
es as to discourage purchases. Up to
latest advices western markets had
sent to feeding districts about 25 per
cent more cattle than for the corres-
ponding period of 1915, but of late few-
er of these have been offered for sale,
and furthrmore packers have been
securing most of the best feeders by
outbid‘ding‘ country buyers and thereby
curtailing the future prime beef sup-
ply. In various parts of the country
farmers are awakening to the import-
ance of producing more beef, and sales
of choice breeders are increasing,

while beef calves, as well as the good
breeding heifers, are reserved for this
purpose.

John Clay, who has for many years
been prominently identified with the
live stock interests of the United
States, has traveled extensively over
the western range country, and reports
rapidly growing interest in Montana in
the cattle breeding industry. He says:
“The day of the big herd of cattle has
passed, and we are faced today with
the farmer and his little band. The
dry farmer is on the trail and has to
be reckoned with. Last year 6,700
brands were recorded in Montana. In
March of this year 850 were placed
on record. Every brand represents a
farmer, and these farmers Will have
all the way from one to 50 head of cat-
tle. These herds will increase, and
this means more beef. The big range
is disappearing, and the sheepmen are
beginning to feel the encroachment al-
ready, just as it bore on us in Wyom-
ing. It is hard to get to and from the
summer range.”

 

 

 

Always Sweet

Silage From

These Silos
THE PORTLAND

Built of all-shale block. bound
with enclosed steel reinforcing
rods and providing a smooth,
plastered inside surface. Per-
fect. fitting doors; roomy. con-
venient door frames. Water
and air-tight, proof against
.' _ freezing; dependable for year-

~ round value and lifetime

service.
[ill

        

-J0l>N'I'
CEMENT S'l‘M/E

A huge cylinder of
dense concrete; mod-
erate in price and
everlasting. See in
the illustration how
the walls are “wel-
ded" as an adhesive
cement mixture is
poured between the
strives to make the
joints as solid as the
puddled stavcs them-
selves. Moisture. air
and temperature
resisting.

W eas‘iume all respon-
sibility by building
these silos for you
under a binding guar-
antee. Ask for our
new catalogs and
judge their supcrlor-
ity for yourself, don‘t; r g 7 ..
delay. Plan to place ‘
your order in time to insure building before fall.

THE PORTLAND SILO CO.
109 Long Block. PORTLAND. INDIANA

    

 

 

 

LiveStock
and. the
Saginaw Silo

Here is a combination that makes money
for you. Livc stock thrive on the sweet.
clean, succulent silage from a Saginaw
Silo. And they put fertility back into
the soil.

Silage feeding with a Saginaw Silo
bridges the gap between profit and loss.
Successful farmers are those -
who feed silage.

Send today for Saginaw Sil-
lagc facts. See Saginaw

 

   
     

    
  

 
 

“" llll

Agents. Learn about the imflllflllfimlig
famous Saginaw Steel. lingual-cw
built Silo. Address Dept. 117 ”gm, inffffgi
THE Mccumg C0. ilflliiillllllllllli
Soghuw,Mich.,&h,u|"fi.w.u,'1-m lllllllllllllllllllli

 

llllllllllllllllllli»

Du Mail“, In. St. Pu, Min. (2|) ‘-

 

 

 

 

The Acme Creosoted
Stave Silo

The 20th Century Development of
Silo Perfection and Economy

The only wood
Stave Silo abso.
lutely permanent
without cost of
maintainance. is
therefore the cor—
rect ensilage pre-
server and at a rea»
sonable cost.

he stave-I be-
ing filled With
Creooote oil un
der heavy pressure
will not decay,
shrink or swell and
require no paint.

he Strength
and Simplicity
, of its construction
‘ " Combines with it:
absolutely permanent moterialto‘ make a silo
that Will stand uunchangediorhalf a century.
Write for particulars and prices. Some terri—
tory still open for Agents. .

 

“w. ~ I.<'

Reed City, Mich.
A 60-TON S I L0 gfmife‘hflggénfiay $75

Thousands in use Agentszanted
Fully Guaranteed. . Bonito Farm. BAYIORE. lo.

 

ACME Til-3‘ co. or MicHicAn,

 

 

 

 

 


 

 

gym—-

 

 

JUNE 10, 1916.

THIS IS THE LAST EDITION.

 

The first edition is sent to those who
have not expressed a desire for the
latest markets. The late market ed1-
tion will be sent on request at any

- time.

 

DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET.

 

Thursday’s Market.
June 8, 1916.
Cattle.

Receipts 1991. There was a good fair
supply of cattle on sale at the local
stock yards this week, but the quality
was not nearly as good as for several
weeks past, the bulk of the receipts
being grassers and with the exception
of best heavy steers quotations shown
below are for grassers. While dry-fed
grades brought strong last week’s pric-
es and were picked up quickly the
grass grades were 15@25c lower and
bulls fully 500 lower than they were a
week ago and a slow market. Milch
cows of all kinds were very dull and
the best grades would not bring over
$65. Small loads bought by country-
men for feeding purposes and returned
to the farm. Prices ranged as follows:
Best heavy steers, dry-fed $9@10; best
handy weight butcher steers $8@9;
mixed steers and heifers $7.50@8.25;
handy light butchers $7@7.50; light
butchers $6.75@ 7.75; best cows $6@7;
butcher cows $5.25@6; common cows
$4.50@5.25: canners $3@4.25; best
heavy bulls $6.25@ 6.95; bologna bulls
$6@6.50; feeders $7@8; stockers $6@
7.50; milkers and springers $40@65.

Sandel, S., B. 8: G. sold Mason B. Co.
11 butchers av 923 at $8.65, 1 cow wgh
830 at $8, 1 do wgh 910 at $7; to Ham-
mond, S. & Co. 11 butchers av 872 at
$7.40, 3 cows av 860 at. $6.90; to Brei-
tenbeck 11 cows av 1101 at $6.50, 2
bulls av 1580 at $6; to Feldman 1 do
wgh 1200 at $7.50; to Bray & B. 1 cow
wgh 770 at $5; to Newton B. Co. 2
cows av 900 at $7, 1 do wgh 1060 at $6,
20 steers av 993 at $9.15; to Kamman
B. CO. 20 do av 944 at $9.25, 1 do wgh
910 at $9, 2 do av 735 at $8.10, 1 cow
wgh 930 at $6.50; to Heinrich 26 steers
av 914 at $9.05; to Newton B. Co. 1 do
wgh 1160 at $11, 3 do av 1140 at $9, 1
cow wgh 1170 at $6.25, 3 do av 977 at
$6.25, 6 butchers av 800 at $7.50, 5 do
av 836 at $7.50; to Breitenbeck 3 do
av 950 at $7.15, 25 steers av 878 at
$9.40; to Thompson 13butchers av 908
at $8.35; to Mich. B. Co. 4 cows av
1085 at $6.65, 3 do av 1033 at $6.65, 1
bull wgh 1040 at $6, 2 do av 1285 at
$7.25, 1 do wgh 1230 at $7.25, 2 cows
av 975 at $6;' to Kamman B. Co. 2
steers av 1055 at $8.75, 6 butchers av
845 at $7.50, 4 cows av 1000 at $6.75, 1
heifer wgh 700 at $7.75: to Nagle P.
Co. 8 steers av 965 at $8.90; to Mich.
B. Co. 3 cows av 1023 at $6.75; to
Fromm 3 heifers av 900 at $7.50.

Veal Calves.

Receipts 1091. The veal calf trade
for anything good was active from
start to finish at last week’s prices,
good grades selling at from $11.50@12;
medium and common $8@10; heavy
coarse grades and bobs not wanted and
are still being watched closely by the
meat inspectors who will not allow
them to be sold for food.

Erwin & S. sold Rattkowsky 4 av
155 at $11.50, 6 av 145 at $7.50, 2 av
155 at $11.50; to Burnstine 9 av 150 at
$11.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 10 av 138 at
$11.50, 10 av 184 at. $11.35, 9 av 165 at
$11.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 8 av 150
at $11; to Thompson 14 av 140 at
$11.75; to Burnstine 3 av 185 at $12.

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts 1190. The supply of sheep
and lambs was again very small and
the quality on the common order, few
being good enough to bring over $9.75.
The close was steady as follows. Thin
grass sheep and lambs not wanted at
any price. Best lambs $9.75@10; fair
lambs $8.75@9.50: light to common
lambs $6.75@8; fair to good sheep $6@
6.75; culls and common $4@5.50.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Hammond, S.
& Co. 4 spg lambs av 50 at $11, 7 sheep
av 110 at $6.50: to Nagle P. Co. 30
lambs av 65 at $9.75; to Sullivan P.
Co. 25 sheep av 75 at $5.50, 37 lambs
av 60 at $7, 26 sheep av 90 at $5, 10
do av 123 at $6.50, 80 lambs av 65 at
$9.25, 20 do av 55 at $7.25; to Mich. B.
Co. 229 yearlings av 97 at $8, 13 sheep
av 85 at $6.

Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Sullivan P.
Go. 7 spg lambs av 57 at $11.50; to
Nagle P. Co. 18 sheep av 120 at $5.50,
5 do av 160 at $6: to Mich. B. Co. 12
do av 105 at $6.75, 7 yearlings av 70 at
$7.50, 5 lambs av 75 at $8.50.

Worthy sold Sullivan P. Co. 20 sheep
av 85 at $6.

Hogs.

Receipts 6935. The hog market es-
pecially on Wednesday, was a hard
blow to the shippers; packers would
not pay over $9 for anything, and few
were sold, quite a bunch going on'east
in first hands... on Thursday they were
some better and sold as follows: Pigs
$8.50; yorkers and heavy $8.90@9.20.

l

I ',THE MICHIGAN FARMER

FEDERATING OUR “CO-OP',’ ASSO-

CIATIONS.

 

(Continued from page 745).

the fact that they have no important

competitors throughout the whole mid-
dle west. The supply of American
grapes upon which cities depend from
Minneapolis to Galveston, and from
Indianapolis to Denver, is grown al-
most wholly within the two counties
of Van Buren and Berrien. In spite
of this almost perfect control of the
yield of this widely used fruit, the
growers in these counties were “played
off" against each other so far as prices
are concerned, by the different buyers
who swarmed each year to Lawton or
Paw Paw or St. Joseph or Benton Har‘
bor during the grape marketing sea-
son. .Some ten or twelve years ago the
producers in these difiereng neighbor-
hoods asserted themselves and one or
more cooperative grape selling. asso-
ciations were organized in the first
three places named and essentially all
grapes have been sold through these
agencies since. It is then these five or
six associations which are federating
at the present time.

The methods and successes of these
associations have already been describ-
ed at various times in the columns of
the Michigan Farmer so that the move-
ments toward combination of these as-
sociations alone remains to be discuss-
ed. Not less than six years ago the

managers of these associations awak-
ened to the wastefulness which came
from marketing grapes, each associa-
tion independently of the other. For
one thing the commission men of the
cities succeeded at times in getting the
different associations to underbid each
other, thus bringing down the price.
Again, the associations acting inde-
pendently of each other commonly ov-
er-supplied the different cities to which
they shipped, thus ruining markets and
lowering prices. Eventually the first
of these evils was overcome through
the joint employment by the associa-
tions of an official known as an “arbi-
tor" whose duties required him to as-
certain and to report daily to each as—
sociation the sales and prices of grapes
sold by all associations. The indis-
pensableness of “arbitors,” to the grape
sellers, or their mischievousness, is
shown by the recent agreement of the
co-operative associations to employ
during the coming season two “arbi-
tors"—~one from each county, "who
shall daily confer on the market sit-
nation.”

Many meetings have been held in
recent years by the grape growers to
effect still further cooperation among
their associations that the persistent
wastefulness of “over-glutting” mar-
kets, needless telegrams, “bad” bills
and “cross shipments" might be fur-
ther reduced. Many prominent grape
growers have given time and money
toward this end—a Mr. P. A. Hubbard,
of Lawton, as an example, alone hav-
ing visited 426 growers at their homes
last summer in the interests of this
matter. Finally a meeting at which
all the associations were represented
met at Hartford April 14, and among
other things appointed a committee
which should draft a constitution for
the complete federation of all the grape
selling organizations toward the end
of the joint selling of this product.

The federation of the creamery aS'
sociations at Grand Rapids encounter-
ed no such diificulties as met the grape
growers during their many years of
endeavor. Among the creamery man-
agcrs it was a plain case of the econo-
mies to be secured through acting all
together. The result was that the fed—
eration known as “Co-operative Cream-
eries No. 1” has been organized in
Grand Rapids and on April 1 a feder-
ation manager, Mr. W. B. Liverance,
rook charge as chief executive of the
general interests of the eighteen or
nineteen associating creameries. He
is to secure and report to all members,
so the constitution of the federation
says, “all information possible relative
to the production, manufacturing and
marketing of dairy products" and to
act in a general advisory capacity to
the federation.

The federation of the twenty or more
live stock associations at Hillsdale in-
to the “United Co-operative Societies”
was also the product of foresight and
opportunity rather than the result of
struggle and necessity. This federa-
tion whose headquarters are at Hills-
dale attempts nothing further than an
advisory service at present. It under-
takes the distribution of information

toits ‘members with regard to prices,

the purchasing of supplies and in gen-

eral to act as a “clearing house" of i

19—747

 

usefulness. The territory served by
this federation is the most productive
of shipping stock of any in the state.
The stock feeders of that district are
of the right sort to make cooperative
selling successful—not large enough
shippers to ship alone and still cattle
feeding is a side-line with everybody—
consequently the new federation has
an assured future.

The federation movement seems
clearly under way in this state—even
as this is being written the various
associations of milk producers in the
state are pledged to a joint meeting
at the college this month with clear
prospects of a federation in view. Sup-
porters of the co-operative organiza-
tion idea may well take heart, too,
from the course that this idea is tak-
ing in Michigan since it is the old, the
wealthy and the well organized—the
grape growers—that are willing to go
the farthest in this state of any of the
federations in supporting that root no-
tion to all co-operative associations—
joint marketing.

 

 

I-‘OIl HOMES, BARNS
and lllPlEMl-IN'I‘S

DIRECT FROM FACTORY
TO YOU. HIGH GRADE
WHOLESALE PRICES
SHIPNIENTS MADE SAME
DAY ORDER IS RECEIVED
A 'IRIAL WILL PLFASF‘, YOU
SEND FOR CIRCULAR AND
COLOR CARD.

PONTIAC PAINT MFG. 60.

PONTIAC. MICH.

2—>

 

 

 

 

 

Factory Blemished Tires

0! which lonufocturors of Standard-lake
Tlrosgu'e no choice. Excepting slightdif-
mores in finish they urn absolutely equal
to Firsts in material. workmanship. wear.
VI 9 guarantee ench tire for 3000 miles.
Save 30 to 40 Per cont on ouch the
you buy—or in othor wordi—

Got 1 or I l-ztirolouho 4 on

you: our FREE! Here’s How:—
flend no monoy-oinply auto whit size

and style 0! tire you want. Vie ll send
0. O. D. onn proval. Inspect thoroughly
—compnre c osely. If no: satisfied—re-
turn at our expense.

"Lemony—You're taking no chances !
Then look at these prices—tires nndtubes
guaranteed.

Guaranteed
Phin Ion-Skid Tubes
8 5.80 8 6.20 O 1.90
6.23 6.33 2.00
'I. ‘ 8.
8.45 .
8.80 .
11.9.1
12.10
12.23
12.73
16.8)
17.1I.
17.5.}
1.9.2.}
19.7.:
caving Tire [Honey Tod'a —State
whcthor Plain, Non-Skid, Clint-hog, O D.
or S. S. and mail your order NOW.

Philadelphia Motor Tire Co.

no No. Broad St. Philodolphin. Po.

~

5'
Ssszu-‘IE
au

:73.—
<e<

"an

start

 

 

G EARLESS

ETROI

MOTOR-DRIVEN.
T I R. E. - PUMP

PA‘EEUIED 'AUQ-l“ IQIJ

MR. FARMER

Buy Your Supplies and Repairs from the Mom!
Complete Auto Supply Store in Michigan

A FEW BARGAINS:

Folding rubber buckets. ............................. 3 .50
Sure Fire spark Dlllg>

,1: inch ..................... ,15

    
 

Radiator shell and hood for Ford (Jars ...... 14.00
Sloping hoods only for Ford (Jars .............. 5.50
Pressed steel running board tire holders... 1.90
Hallnday shock absorber for Fords. per set 5.00
Combination grease and oil gun .................. .293
Oil tail {.mp3 ............................................. 1,00
Atwater-Kent ignition systems 4 cyl type

K2. with coil ........................ 15.00

30 13 Ford wheels. “011......" - 1.7.0
Baritone hand horns (guaranteed) ..... 1.00
FREE—TAPOO polishing cloth with every 8:! order.
GET OUR No. 50 COMPLETE CATALOG

U. S. AUTO SUPPLY COMPANY. INC»

858-86! Woodward Av... Detroit. Michigan

L I M E send sample and full portion--
ion. Write to «dine ne- rest you.

LAKE SHORE STONE COMPANY.
luskogon. Mich. and Benton Harbor. Mlch.
Hydrated

‘GIICULTURAL lm! Lime and I’ulveriled

Limestone. also pulverized burned lime, all made from
high calcium limestone. Guaranteed lobe the best an
the market. \ our inquiries solicited. Samples (urn .
Ilhed on request. Northern Lime Co..Potoskey. Mich.

FERTILIZER

Muncey Cartage Co.. shippers of horse mmure and
tobacco stems. 450 Grand River Av u ..
Mich. Tel. Grand 821 and 4267. en e Detroit

SEED BEANS

We have 50bushels of small seed beans for sale at
$4.50 For bulhel F. 0. B. Alpena. just as they came from.
ihet irosher; they were raised in Alpenn County and
art-free from all defects. Will send sample to onv one
desiring to purchase u hat we have. '

Hluhlll' FRUIT 00.. Alponn, Michigan

Seed Buckwheat

JAPA NEIE OR SILVERHULL

$2.25 Per IOO Lbs.

Bags Extra At 15 Cents Each.
YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED (30.. Owoooo, Mich.

Sweet POtEto Phnts $100 D9? 1WD. Triumph;

Dooley. L rge 8 l f l orto Ricos,N&incy Halls,
. a urp us 0 on . vigorous ism. f
plants. The John 0. Stetson 00?, Box 1290, BondjeM is:

 

 

Pulvorinod lime rock for "sour"
soils. Write for LOW PRICES
DIRECT TO YOU and we will

 

Northern

 

 

Sml Male plants. {Stairs} {$1329. 233%???“ M“

, I‘l .
32.51) 1000. V88. plant list free. 'I . G. Erosion. 'l liliufi‘l.

FOR SALE : 333:353153331”‘.-‘li‘.§hlll‘f.‘.‘.‘_‘§{i

fixtures undaas stove lncluded.uoiug (‘lll‘ilp. Forpnro

 

it Sons. Melrose, Ohio.

and pal-rim:larsmtldress. J. “I Slaughler, Lansinng u'h
- I Farmer Agents .wnnted. Get. our
"I er wu‘a sample; and prices. Theo. Burt.

 

FIIIMEIIS'Vh will poy'promiums whenever posuible
above the highest official Detroit Market;
quotation for your Gags shipped direct to us by ex-

 

31K0)92g

Mitch-ll lo Crank Hull In 30 net.

men nws)‘ with the ominous
lobor of hand pumping, and do“
not clutter up your engine with
up additional not of gears

It is carrie-i in the tool box
with mm and gauge attached.

II is no simple that it cannot
[at out of order, and it i: built
ikogour motor.

ow ready for Boo. 90d“
Chandler. Hudson Super-Six end
640, Soxon Six, Studoblkor II)”:-
‘5'"- ond Overland 75-83 and 84.

   

    
       
         
       
 
 

send :10
direct

    
   

Beirut Accessom: com,
5l7 flillg‘or Avon
numli - - nlcum

     

  

--—
,-

press. Write us for information, It. will pay )ou_
American Butter a Cheese (30.. Detroit. Mich.

H Y Ship-To The Old Rcllnble House
A Daniel Mchffrey’s Sons Co”
___._ 623-625 Wabash Bldg. Pittsburgh Pa.
FRUIT HIGHEST MARKET PRICE
Qulck Returns. Write for
Stencll. Slllp Direct to E. L.

RICH MOND 00.. Detroit.

® 5668. ETC.‘fiféilll.-.§3fiiiififi'é'lifnlfilfy‘

 

 

 

 

bring very attractive prices. Returns day of
arrival. Reform Dun or Bradstreet. Zenith
Butter & Egg Co. 355-59 Greenwich St" New York.N.Y

 

 

 

' Farms and Farm lands For Salt

 

LANDS FOR SALE.

20.0w Acres of No. l hardwood cut over lands, a port.
“which has been cut over several years and lyurnnd
over comparatively clennweeded in the ashes to timothy
and clover and now covered with tame groom posture.
easily Cleared in farms. Soil heavy clay loam. slightly
rolling. Good schools close to all the lands, good roads.
farm settlements surrounding. Close to Onaway
with good churches, good markets and good R. R. oc-
oommodntions. Fordairyingstock rnising and forming
In enoral no better district in Michigan. Price 81:)
to fill) or acre on ensv terms. We own the lands.
THA . B. PRESTON, Trustee. Onawny, Mich.

 

in “'asliir-"uw (‘ou 1 'IE miles from

50 ‘cr. Farm Salem. About 3‘4 acres plow land, I)!
acres pasture. clay loam and gravel loam, goodeitlmr
for grain or stock. 6 room house in good shape. 28x40
. 24x50 barn. mnary. toolhouse, valuapgle trees.

some other fruit, fences , pd springs,
from so I c .00, £500.00 cash.
v. L. Locxnow. BIRMINGHAM. men.

 

For Quick Sale, 3%.. .fil‘ffiocmlm

00m any, of Saginaw, Michigan. manufacturers of
the ' 8 innw Silo." for An exceptional oppor-

New Land,

In Glndwin sud Midland Counties. Michigan. Well
located Low prices and easy terms. Rtaflold Rm

 

tunjty or invootmont In old established com any.

 

Writo, A. O. Ohm-took”, Box 759. Houston. on.

lownors’). 15 Merrill Bldg, Saginaw. (westaidel. Mich.

 


 

 

748—20

 

GROW GRAIN— -

ma]: 9 your
FORM

OME to Canada—where the
greatest crop per acre in the
historyofAmericawasraised

last year. The total grain yield
in 1915 for Western Canada was
960, 365,900 bushels, valued at
$797,659,500. This means a reve-
nue of $937. 49a dpiece for every
man, woman an child living on
the land, or an average of

4.000 for every Farmer
Get Your J'Izan: oil/"Zr

proJ’perlty In the
Land of Opportunity

DON’T WAIT! Write today for
particulars regarding low-priced
home- seekers’ excursions, and for
handsome free book, “Home-
seekers and Settlers Guide, ” con-
taining full facts about America’s
richest farming country.

amadian Northern D)!

R. P. CLARK, G. A..

64 West Adam Sh, Chi ago, "I.
F..P V1.00!) G. A"

214 Park Bldxn Pimhurx, PU.

 
  
       

 

 

POULTRY.
A ii [iii]! liocks Parks 200 Egg Strain with records to
2901-1114‘ :1 year ~ $1.510 per1.’1 Delivered. By l’zirt‘el

post. Fred Astling. Constantine. Mich.
and Babyl‘hickfi. Four

BARRED R0CK EGG pullets layed 9.10 eggs

in 1‘2 m11ntiis.A:\er1ue 237 eggs each.
W. C. Cofiman. 3 Benton Harbor. Mich.

BARRED ROCK EGGS???‘3‘“‘1121‘3-ficft’rglh‘137

ghens. 1.1. 33.0.0 Extra 1hoi1e 11tilit\'.1-1.’1.
PfiNE NOLL. BOX 391, SHELBY. MICHIGAN.

Cousins Northern King Strain .1323}? ”3.053352

many prizes. Eggs: $2. for 151. Both matings. Satisfm 111111
guaranteed. David \V. Cousins. North Port. \111 h.

OHN’S Big, beautiful. hen-hatched Barred Rocks. Eggs.
30. $2.50: 100. $7.00. Select matings l5, .4: 30, $7.00, all
x-ostpiiid. Photos. Circulars. John Northnn. Hare, .‘lich.

DAY- OLD CHICKS

30,000 for 19113 from Standard Bred S. C. White
Leghorns. $9,110 per 100. $145.00 per 1,000: SJ).
Brown Leghorns $0.01) per 1110, 115.0011111' 1,000.
Our strains are heavy layers an are sure to please
you. \Ve guarantee their safe arrival. Catalog on
request. Wolverine Hatchery. Zeeland. Mich. Box 2221

CHICKS V11 ship thousands emh season. Ten
9 \."'11111111: A111' 111111 1:. $1111 hundrt 11. free
booklet. Freeport Hatchery, Box 12 .Freeport,Mich_

Laybilt

Sirong Day Old Chicks New 88. 00 Per 10 s 1 ,;“

Leghorns. large. great 11131211: pure white. hatth mery
week till Aug. 1st. (111.” 111t11d deliiery alhe and
lively. EVERFRESH EGG l ARM. 10nia.)li(h.

(\HICKS 7c. and up. Barred R0 ck. Wyandottes. Leg-
; horns. Minorcas. etc. Sate delivery guaranteed.
Circular tree. Reliable Hatchery, MrAlibiervillc, Box 6 Pa

£66 for hatching from pure bred “'hite Plymouth
lincks and H. C. Bull Legliorns on free range.
Kletzlen & W'ebsler. B th, Mich.

' Bull", Barred. Columbian, Par. '
"3101mm tridge, Silver .111d1\)Vlii{te Rocks (""0“
Ptk inand Rouen 111-11, Sheri '
Eggs danPnultiyands Sheridan. Mich. nucmmgs

 

E for hate hing—1‘ rom ure bred White Plymouth
Aggsz liock 1:. i’ekin and Vi ite runnner 1lu1k11. “lute
I‘IC'iIl guintns. H. V. Hostetwler li.1.btJohns \lieli.

E Dtlntn 1i i'rOm % S.H'1mi1urgs ro~1 111mb
995 \Viiitelegh11rril1:...1’ Rocks. white Indian
Runmrlimks. fin 1| gi.Bui hare b111ke:, 3: $ 5'.)
Circular free. R1V1LiiVlEW FAii\l.V.1ssar. Mith.

Prices reduced one
FOWIOI'S’ Bu" BOGkS' Illalf. lmlanceof Hens
on. Utilit eggs$.75f111111, $1..10111r30. $2f11r."),1( $3.50
for 100. R. H.10WLER. Hartford. Mich

leghorns, llaby Chicks, Prim lieduced.
SC. “inn and Brow.n 8h. per100. 5000 (hicks first;
of 11m ()1 (11- cr iC.‘1r1\.HlNNYBli()OK I’Ul I.-
TRY l'AiiNlN. Hillsdale, Michigan.

ILLI Fl Farmstead Poultry. 11.1). Rocks: lt.1.iieds;
W. Leghorns. 11’» eggs $1: ‘26 eggs $1.710: ."10_e.gg::' 32.50.
P. P.delive,ry free. Colon C. Lillie. 000persville.Mi(-h

0RPING TONS 13’.12.13.31...S’i‘1i3‘ff.§§§??

10hens. 1 cock $20. AI. E. THOMPSON, Red ford, Mich,

INE (f‘rest S. (‘. “'liite, ()rpingtons—‘3 and 3 months
old 1111 k1 r1l1-1 for 1:.1le. H .tte him: eggs and stock
from 11(111:.1111e liiilfpri1e.Nob.tl1y (1111- ks \lRS.
WILLIS HOV: GH, 1’1111 ( r1 st F ..1rm R111.1l().1k,.\licli.

ll. l, ilods. Boih Combs. Most Popular {20311.23

Eggs for hatching Baby (‘h icks Write for catalog
IN ’1 EPLAKE S l“ A RM. Box 39. La“ rene e, \iiehigan.

 

and S. (1. R. I. Reds, eggs and breeding stock for
. sale at reduced prices for 11111. of season, Belgian
hares very reasonable. U. E. Hauley, Ludington. Mich.

Rose Comb Brown Leghorn
1211111131 per settinc.$51.00 W. China Geene‘zbcents
eat-.11 CLAUDIA ETTS Hill-dale. Mich.

 

HODE ISLAND WHITES win at the National Egg
Laying contest. (‘old weather don' t stop them.
Eggs $1.50, 2 settings, 52. 50. H H. Jump, Jackson Mich.

UFF‘ LEGHORNS— Cockereln hens pens or eggs.
B Anything vou wish in Buff Leghorns. Great laying

strains Dr. William Smith. Petersburg, Mich.

(

jthan the beets.
‘get to grow in the first place as the

T H E ”M‘I C H". 1e.

N this planting for the poultry crop

it is not chickens we are raising
except in an indirect manner. I
have found it very important, however,
to plant these crops freely if I would
harvest a good egg crop at least.

The most important poultry crop in
my estimation, is the beet. Grow plen-
ty of the large mangel beets so the
hens can have all they will consume
when succulent food is not .J be had
out doors, and they will respond. Beets
should be planted very early if the
best success is to be had. The seeds
should not be covered very deep, eith-
er. I usually tried to get mine covered
with about a half—inch of firmed soil.
More beet seeds are lost by burying
too deeply than in any other way.
They should be planted shallow and
the soil made firm over them, and
there will be little trouble from a poor
stand.

Beets are easily transplanted, and
if there are spaces that are missing
plants from other places where they
are thick can be transplanted into
such places. lt is important to thin out
the plants where they are too thick,
also. Leave a plant every five or six
inches.

Carrots for Poultry Feeding.

Carrots are good for the hens, also,
and I found them more easily kept
They are harder to

seeds are fine, and they grow so slow-
ly at first that one must battle with
the weeds. After they get well started
they are not difficult to grow, and they
are thrifty. _

There are many other root crops,
such as turnips, winter radishes, arti-
chokes, chufas, etc., but beets and car-
rots will make a good team.

Another crop that will be good for
the hens is sunflowers. Plant a row
or two of Russian sunflowers, for they
are of great food value, and also of
medicinal value. The heads can be
stored in a. dry place after they have
been cured, and the seeds will remain
in them, so all that is necessary is to
throw a few heads to the hens at in-
tervals. You will soon know whether
they appreciate it 01‘ not, and the
brighter plumage and increased happi-
ness of the flock will be reflected in
the egg basket.

Put Buckwheat on Waste Ground.

Buckwheat is a splendid crop to sow
for the poultry if one has a piece of
waste ground that is not being used in
the fall. Sow it where the hens can
get at it and they will harvest the crop
themselves. It costs little to sow buck-
wheat for the seeds are not very large,
and the stalks are so branching they
need to be seeded thinly. If you have
bees this crop will be of great import-
ance to them in inducing brood rear-
ing in the fall, insuring a good strong
colony in the spring.

Mustard and cayenne peppers are
splendid condiments that will help to
keep the appetites of your flock up to
high pitch. To get the best results
with hens as winter layers it is neces-
sary to make them eat as much as pos-
sible. Anything that will cause them
to eat more will help to produce eggs.
I would not feed either mustard or pep-
per too freely, but used with modera-
tion either will be beneficial. Mus-
tard is so easily produced there is no
need of neglecting it. I would grow the
white variety. The peppers require
more work, as they have to be grown
with more care. Start the seeds in
boxes or hotbed early, and transplant
to the garden when the weather is
warm.

For green food during the summer I
always plant a patch of rape and a.
few rows 0f Swiss chard. The Swiss
chard grows a little slowly at first, but
it continues to produce leaves until
frost. Rape will do much the same if
the heart is left uninjured.

Lettuce is a. valuable green food, and

 

 

I would sow a lot of it, as well as.the

N 'F'A R‘ M E R

Planting POultry CrOps.

southern curled mustard. These can
all be cut and given to them, or the
hens can be allowed to pasture on
them a part of each day.

Besides these regular crops there are
several by—products that can be util-
ized with advantage. When the cab-
bages are cut the stalks can be allow-
ed to remain until frost, and then they
can be pulled and buried much as
though there were heads in them. If
the heads were removed early, often
there will be considerable bunches of
leaves produced. These can be fed
during the fall and early winter. Then
the small potatoes can be saved and
put with the root crops. They will
make an excellent change. Turnip
tops, beet tops, and all such green stuff
as it is removedfrom the vegetables,
makes fine food for the hens if they
are shut up.

Another thing that can be done that
will make the hens happy. When you
clip the lawn you can save the clip-
pings and dry them well, not exposing
to the sun, and as soon as they are
well cured store away for winter use.
Clover leaves, especially, will be rel-
ished. When you are ready to feed
them just pour a. little boiling water
over them. They will be freshened
and the hens will eat them greedily.

It will pay you richly to sow a. patch
of millet for the hens for scratch mate
rial. The little Hungarian is best.
When it is ripening cut and stack it
where the liens will be able to get to it
only when you want them to do so. I
would prefer to have a shed for a
scratching place for them, and have a
rack in the center to be filled with the
hay. This rack could be a couple of
feet from the ground with a slatted
bottom, so the hens could pull the
straws down by jumping for them.

Kansas. L. 11. (31.11513.

TRANSFERRING BEES.

I have purchased eight colonies of
bees, and wish to transfer them as
soon as possible. They are in remov-
able eight-frame hives, ,bllt the combs
are not built in straight, therefore
making it inconvenient in handling.
Some of these colonies are weak and
some strong, which makes me think
that the Weak ones have a disease.
Would you tell me the best method of
transferring them? {elating to the
method published in your paper of
April 8, 1916, in transferring strong
colonies, do you think that the bees
would carry the disease from the low-
er box to the upper? Also, do you
think bees which are swarming will
carry a disease from the combs which
they came to their new home?

Wayne Co. W. T. M.

When we consider methods for
transferring bees from box 01‘ immov-
able frame hives, we must be certain
the colonies are free from foulbrood,
otherwise it would be best to transfer
by the direct method and to destroy,
by fire and burying, all the old combs
and boxes at the time of transferring.
lf the hives are standard size and in
good condition, one can scrape and
scorch all the woodwork on the inside
including covers and bottoms, and use
full sheets of foundation in the frames,
all old combs must, however, be de—
stroycd.

The transferring should be complet-
ed as early as possible in the clover
flow, usually the first week in June.

If bad weather comes on, the bees
can be fed a little sugar syrup daily,
about a pint to the colony, two parts
water to one of sugar. Feed until the
weather is settled and bees gather nec-
tar. It is better to unite several weak
colonies and make the colony strong,
if surplus honey is desired, but if in-
crease is wanted the weak colonies
may be allowed to build up.

The direct method of transferring is
as follows:

The hives with frames containing
full sheets of foundation are prepared
ready, and placed on the stand pre-
viously occupied by the box hive,
Which should be removed a few feet

JUNE m, 1916.

from the original stand for the trans-
ferring. Have the smoker well filled
and emitting a heavy smoke, then turn
box hive upside down, minus cover and
bottom, and rest one end on a. tile or
board so that this end is a few inches
higher than the other end. With an
empty box on top of the upturned box
hive, placed so that bees cannot es-
cape between the two boxes, we are
ready. Give several good puffs of
smoke in at the bottom and with a
hammer or other appliance drum on
the sides of the box hive, near the bot-
tom. Continue this drumming and oc-
casional puffs of smoke for five min-

,utes or more, and most of the bees will

have'ascended into the empty box; this
can be removed and the cluster of bees
shaken out in front of the newly pre—
pared hive on the old stand. Be sure
you have the queen, and continue the
drumming until almost all the bees
have left the box hive.

The transferring will be more easily
and quickly accomplished on a fine
warm day when bees are flying freely
and some nectar is being gathered.

The method of transferring describ-
ed in the issue of April 8 would not do
for disease-infected colonies, as the
bees would almost certainly carry up
some germ laden honey and so con-
tinue the disease in the new hive. A
swarm of bees, hived on frames con-
taining full sheets of foundation rarely
carry the disease, the disease is usual-
ly contributed by robbing or from oth-
er causes, after the swarm has been
hived some time.

It is useless to treat disease infected
colonies unless all old combs and hon-
ey are utterly destroyed, or placed be-
yond reach of the bees at the time
the colonies are treated or transferred
and so kept for all time. A little care-
lessness in this regard and all the
treatment will have been in vain.

Agri. College. F. E. MILLEN.

FEATHER TROUBLES.

I would like to know what I can do
for my hens; they are losing all the
feathers from their heads and some as
far down on their necks as the crop.
Their hide seems to be very dry and
parched. The trouble does not seem
to affect their laying any.

Mecosta Co. Mrs. D. S. A.

The cause of your liens losing their
feathers on the head and neck is eith-
er a disease called “favus,” or the re-
sult of the feather-eating habit. '

Favus is a fungous disease which
frequently attacks the weathers of the
head and neck, although it sometimes
affects the feathers on the back and
around the vent. The feathers usually
become stiff and dry and come out in
circular bunches, and the skin becomes
encrusted with small, cup—like forma-
tions. One of the distinguishing symp-
toms of this trouble is that the diseas-
ed hens usually have an odor resemb-
ling musty grain or decaying matter.

The method of treatment is to soft-
en these crust-like formations with
warm water and then scrape them
with the back of a knife, after which
an application of lard and sulphur mix-
ed together in equal parts should be
made. ,

The picking off of feathers is one of
the bad habits which liens frequently
get into when they are confined with-
out exercise, or do not have sufficient
animal matter in their feed. It is also
sometimes started by the irritation
that body lice cause, which the hen
tries to alleviate by picking. Should
this be the trouble, the best method of
control would be to give the hen suf-
ficient exercise, a plentiful supply of
animal matter in their food, and to kill
off those which have the habit the
worst, if they can be ascertained, and
make sure that the hens have no lice.

Buy bees by the pound with a good
Italian queen.

Furnish a neighbor bee keeper with
a few good hives, with frames and
comb foundation stalters and pay him
for hiving a. few swarms in them for
you.

 

.m—

 

 

 

 


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

JUNE 10, 1916.

_—L

,

Grange.
WWHMMMWWMMWE

Our Motto:—“The farmer is of more
consequence than the farm, and should
be first improved.”

STATE GRANGE OFFICERS.

g
g
e
i
g

Illllllllllllllllllllllllg

lIlllllllllllllll‘llllllll’

 

Master—John C. Ketcham, Hastings.
Overseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecumseh.
_Lecturer~—-Dora H. Stockman, Lan-
sing.
Secretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor.
Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson.

Executive Committee—C. S. Bart-
lett, Pontiac; Geo. B. Horton, Fruit
Ridge; J. W. Hutchins. Hanover; W.
F. Taylor, Shelby; Wm. H. Welsh,
Sault Ste. Marie; N. P. Hull, Dimon—
dale; Burr Lincoln, Harbor Beach.

AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.

Peach Plains Grange met at the
home of Mr. and Mrs. Borck and had
a very busy session. One new mem-
ber was given the fourth degree, while
four new members were adopted. Five
more applicants were promised for the
next meeting. Work on the new hall
will be commenced again this week
and the building will be rushed to com-
pletion. The social committee arrang-
ed a good-times party at, Mr. and Mrs.
Borck’s for Saturday evening, June 3.
The co-operative department has been
very busy and members are becoming
interested in the same. The finance
committee announced a donation from
Kinney Grange, West Crockery Grange,
People’s Bank, and Peter Van Zylen,of
Grand Haven. Every member of the
Grange is at present boosting and all
are uniting in getting this new home
ready for us. The social committee
promise a good time at the dedication.

New Troy Grange for Preparedness.
—At a peace meeting of the New Troy
Grange, the largest Grange in Berrien
county, having a membership of over
100, the following resolution was intro-
duced by Mrs. D. J. Hayes, and pass-
ed by a vote of 52 to 2: Whereas. Con-
sidering the present frightful state in
Europe, where men are seeing red, a
favorite argument. with pacifists and
that men do see red in the conflicts of
opinion and in view of our national
danger, resolved, that. New Troy
Grange of Berrien county places itself
on record as favoring adequate meas-
ures of preparedness as being the ra-
tional means under existing conditions
by which peace may be maintained.

Armada Grange, of Macomb county,
is discussing alfalfa as a crop. There
are quite a number of alfalfa raisers
in the north of the county.

COMING EVENTS.

Wayne Pomona Grange will meet
with Gibraltar Grange, Saturday, June
17, 1916.

The June Meeting of the Newaygo
County Pomona Grange will be held
with the Ensley Grange, Wednesday
and Thursday, June 14-15, and many
subjects pertinent to farm life and ac-
tivity will be discussed. County Agent
Blandford will be one of the speakers.

The program is as follows: Wednes—
day afternoon: Song, Ensley Grange:
invocation; address of welcome, mas-
ter of Ensley Grange; response, mas-
ter Pomona Grange: “National Good
Roads," J. H. Edwards, Bert Ashley;
music: “Bean Crop—how to Prepare
the Ground and Control the Diseases,"
L. M. Clark, Carl Kimbell: subject,
Miss Carrie Carter; recitation, Mrs.
Alfred Johnson: “Lighting the Farm
Home," John McKinley, James Caid~
well: subject, H. B. Blandford; song.
Mrs. Henry Holmes: recitation, Hazel
Hackhart; “My Crop of Potatoes,” ev-
erybody. Wednesday evening: Busi-
ness meeting: entertainment by Ens-
ley Grange. Thursday morning: Song
by the Grange; “The man who can and
doesn’t must give place to the man
who can’t but tries,” Mrs. Mary Robert-
son: “Canning and Preserving Meats,"
Mrs. Alfred Johnson. Mrs. A. L. Burt:
recitation, Blanche Bohn: “Does it Pay
to Use Commercial Fertilizer?” W. C.
Stuart, R. H. Brownyard; song, Misses
Ellen and Julia Hanson: “Medical Ex-
amination of Schools,” P. M. Miller,
Henry Zerlaut; “State-wide Prohibi-
tion,” Mrs. Wm. Carter, Mrs. W. .
Stuart; recitation, E. R. Clark; dinner.

JUVENILE GRANGES.

 

There is great interest aroused in
Juvenile work. One new Juvenile
Grange was organized in Wexord coun-
ty; L. C. Tibbits was the promoter.

Write to Mrs. Clara Sullivan, Hanover,
Mich, state juvenile deputy, for fur-
ther information, and to Secretary 0.
M. Freeman, Tippecanoe City, Ohio.-

 

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

 

\ .

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

DELCO -

  

City Advantages On The Farm

Delco-Light adds comfort and convenience to

farm life.

and power.

operate it.

,3.“

LIGHT

.“ Electricity
' for Every Farm”

Takes away much of the drudgery and helps to
keep the young folks at home.

Delco—Light furnishes electricity for both light

The gas engine and dynamo for generating
current are in one compact unit that starts
on the touching of a button and steps auto‘
matically when the batteries are fully charged.

Nothing to get out of order or go wrong—so
simple that a child can understand it and

Furnishcs 40 to 50 lights for house and barn and
provides power for churn, cream separator,
pump, washing machine and so forth.

Lights the average home for 5 cents a day.
Complete with batteries, ready to run $250
Write for Illustrated Folder
The Domestic Engineering Company, Dayton, Ohio

General Agent:

"1? M. L. Lasley, No. 115%- Fort St. West, Detroit,Mich.

Offices in all principal cities (J
.

 

 

.E/ '
-mw’l’f‘i L‘ .l'lsre'r‘MEi...

 

 

(» 4),

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

\\l

.9,

 

 

 

successful operation.

erty,

not make.

This

up to $5,000.

Company.

per H. P.

 

Mr. Automobile Owner.
you have some accident whereby
you injure some person, damage a
horse, buggy, or some other prop-
even though 'it is not your
fault, you will find that the. injured
parties feel bitter towards you, and
you will be lucky if you have the
service of this company in obtain~
ing the evidence and possibly mak-
ing an adjustment that you could
If an attempt is made to
capitalize misfortune, and to take
from you the fortune, which you
and your family have saved from
years of toil, you will appreciate be»
longing to this Company with about.
6,000 soldiers prepared for defense.
In union, there is strength. About
500 new members added each week.
Company has paid many
claims: has never made an assess-
ment; has now on hand about $12,-
000 of cash, and defends the law-
suits brought against you, furnish-
~ mg lawyers and paying adjustments

$240,000 Saved in the Pock-
ets of Our 6,000 Members

in Comparison with Stock insurance Rates.

The Policy covers losses against
fire, theft, and liability, and is now
operating in the second season of

When

Watch the papers and you will
see the necessity for joining our

Rates $1.00 for policy and 250

Write, giving name of your car, to
W. E. ROBB, Sec’y Citizens Mutual

Automobile Insurance Company,
Howell, Michigan

 

 

 

[JAIN AUCl‘loNEEllIN

Write today for [m natal
JONES' NAT’L
2‘ N. Sscrnmonto Ilvd., Chic-(o, ill.

any I. Jones.

“radars-gm
an
and become independent with no cum.“ “um!

Every branch of the business taught in 5 ween,

ox '
SCHOOL OF AUCTIONEERING]
hoe.

 

        

txrmonmmnvom-so “v.
r A month'-
tree trial on this finestot bicycles—tho “Roman" We
will ship it to you on npprovnijrm’aht r aid—without
scent deposit in advance. This otter so utelu genuine.
WRITE ”DA y for our big catalog showing
—_—_____. our full line or bicycles to:
men and women, boys and girls at prices never before
equaled for like qunlity. It is n cyclopedia of bicycieo.
lundrisl And useful bicycle information. "'0 tree.

TIIEQ, COASTBR-BRAKE rear wheels, inner
Cubes. lumps, cyclometers, equipment and parts for All
bicycles ct Om! usual rlooo. A limited number of
second-hand bicycles to en in trade will beclosod out
ck once. gt 8:! to 80 each.

RIDER AGENTS wanted in each town to ride
exhibit a sample 191‘ model Ranger furnished by 11:.“I

It Coot. You nothing to learn what we ou'or and
how wean do it. You will boostonisbed and convincod.
Do not buy a bicycle. tires or sundries until you gel
our catalog and new spool-.1 otters. Writ. Cod-w

um em: co, am. 13.77 cmcmo, cu.

BEE KEEPERS’ SUPPLIES

Send for Catalog .\ for prices
of Bee Hives. etc. We sell every.
thing for bees. including begin-
ner’s equipments. Beeswax
wanted.

Send for catalog B for prices
of thoroughbred Italian bees
and queens.

BERRY BASKETS

sand for catalmr (‘ for price;
of Berry Baskets and crates.
I Specinl—Qm Waxlined paper
berry baskets postpmd ' for
91.00 or 200 A gradfi “00d
berry basksts postp d for
$1.25 to any point. within 150
miles of Lansing.

M. l. HUNT 6 SON, Box 525, IANSING, MIC}!
‘C POULTRY JOURNAL

Practical. Snappy. Instinctive-YOUR
PAPER. For the breeders of Mich.
Ind. 111.. Wis.. only. You should read
it. 500 a year. 3 mo. 100. Atlanta
- wanted. Big 4 Poultry Journal. DO“
U. Chicano.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-200 Egg Strain—-I~:ggs. chicks. 8

week—old bullets irom hens with
Prize winners at largest shown.
low, quality guaranteed.

I
Form lo horn:
records up 0 264 eggs.
Prompt shipment. prices
White Leghorns are best tor eggs. We raise thousands.
rice list gives particulars. Write for it. new.

Free cut-log and p
FERN: lEElllllll Hill. 930 Union. Brand mm. Mil).

 

' —L in , la 9
Heavy Winter Layers: b...‘,.._.f~‘s.u. .
Leghorns, Wyckofl strain. E gs, 81.00 per 15; $5. per
50; $7». per 101;. H. A. Magoon, t. :3, Ann Arbor, Mich

 

"ODE ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS.
Mules 5 0012 lbs. according to 31682 to 35); P. R. hens
weight 5 to 10 lbs. eyes 15 for 81.00; 100, 36:13). $.
Mammoth Bronze ’l‘om Turkeys. 8 to 38 lbs. according
to age 36 to 825, 10 883' S3. A. E. (ti-unison. Vunr. Mich.

 

OSE 00ml) Rhode Island lied Eggs, dark colored
matings $1.50 per 15. l'tility eggs, laying stran.
$4 per ill). MRS. T. A. ETTER. Richland. Michigan

 

ROSE and S. 0. ll. I. Red eggs lyy mail $1.50 per 1.3
or 200 per cm: from special pens: 85 per 100. Hens

for sale. JENNIE lillillll, Ann Arbor. R. 8. Mich.

 

IM PROVE your poult ry. M y Young's strain 8. U.Wh ite
Leghorns great money makers. Htrongwigorous, free-
range stock. Bally chicks $"i perltltl. Satisfaction guns
anteod. Free catalogue. W. Van Appledurn,Hullantl,Mlchigm

 

O. \VHl'l‘l‘I lll‘ltlHtHlNS. brt‘-l for size. shape,
k. . vigor. egg production. It )eam' experience breed-
ing Leghorns. Hatchiu eggs $1.50 per 100. Baby
Chicks $10 per 100. A. t). ()VVARD. Tecumseh, Mich.

 

S. (l. W. Leghorns. Lar . vi orons
iom hm“ stock. Egg... mm per lunches i... 15,
post paid. No Chicks. Bruce. W. Brown, Ma)\'ille,Mich

 

Buff Wyanrlotte and Barred Rock (‘m-kerelsS‘Ml)
each, e gs for hatching SLIM per L").
M I‘S. It. “2 BLACK. Caro. Michigan

NILVI‘IR GOLDEN AND WHITE “'YANDUTTES.

Eggs from all mattings. l.50 per 15. $2.50 per 30 until
July Let. 0 W. Browning, R. 2, Portland, Mich.

While Waandolto

DAVID

 

(‘nck it (lockers-ls. Fags 81. $2. $3,
per 15. 8% er 50. 87 per 100
AY, 202 Forest Ave, psilanti. Michigan.

HITE WYANl)OTTES. Fggs 81.50 per 15. 82.50
per 30. $7.00 per 100. From choice stock.
A. FRANKLIN SMITH, Ann Arbor. Michigan.

Villa Wyandotle Eggs llall Price "“"“.’.‘3...‘.’.' ‘1‘”

EGGADAY POULTRY RANCH. Marshall, Michigan.

“PIEIIEW PlflllllllfiE WHIMUES mitts.“

Em $2.00 per 15. 'W. H. BACON. Petembu rg. Mich.

When writing to advertisers please
mention The Michigan Farmer.

 


. 750—22
BREEDERS’, DIRECTORY.

Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us
Ten Days before date of publication.

CATTLE.

ABERDEEN-ANGUS

HERD ESTABLISHED IN 1900.
TROJAN-ERICAS and BLACKBIRDS only.
film breeders of Percheron. Hackney and Saddle

orses.
WOODCOTE STOCK FARM.
. We are

ABERDEEN ANGUS . Dowager.

ing 15 head of Choice young bulls. one two year old
Trojan Erica. at 5200.0) i taken in 6 weeks, 14 head from
8 to twenty months old including. the first and second
prize. Senior bull calves at the 1915 State Fair. Write
for Particulars, and come to the farm to look our
stock Sover. they are of the Blackbird Tro'an-Ericas,
and K Pride Families only. ., . ‘ AR , Hunters
Ureck. Mich. SIDNEY SMITH, Mgr.

Aberdeen An is. a few bulls and heifers

, Pure Bred one year an older at $100 each.
GEO. HATHAWAY & SON. OVID, MICHIGAN.

‘YBSHIHEs—One of the foremost dairy breeds. The
most economical milk reducers. Calves
for sale. White Leghorn cockere s; Duroq Jersey
swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. FlintJdichigan.

  

 

 

Ionia. Mich.

VILLAGE FARMS, Incorporated
Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE
BERKSHIRE HOGS

 

MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANGEVINE

BEACH FARM
GUERNSEYS

Average yearly production 422.3 lbs. of fat, tlircc-
iourths of thcni making their records as two ycar
olds. By the tisc of a pure bred sire. a. big ini-
provcmcnt can soon bc attained if the right
selection is made. ’l‘lic brccding of thc licacli
Farm lit-rd is as good as can be found. and we
guarantcc tlicni to bc frcc from contagious dis—
(\asr-Is and to be satisfactory in every way or
moncy rciundcd. Write and let us tell you about

thcm.
CAMPBELL 8 ANGEVINE,

Coldwater, Michigan.

 

- Bull (‘alvcs for sale, May
Registered Guernsey Rose breeding.
Clint Bishop. Watcrviict. Mich.

 

VONDALE Gucrnscy bulls all sold. Sorry to dis-
appoint thosc nil-hing ourstock. (lnly registered
bull calveslefl. Avondale Stock Farm. Wayne. Mich.

of service age and calves from
Guernsey Buns choice. Adv. rcg. breeding.
T. V. HICKS, Route 1. Battle Ceeek, Mich.
2 Registers-d (‘ruernscy (i'ows, 1 grade
For sale cow.iibuilcalves‘clioapiftakensoon"
JOHN EBELS. HOLLAND. IVIICH.. R. No. 10.

 

AT Parlncrs' Prices l'cpistcrcd Guernsey Bull ciih'cs from
AIR. dams and dams being tested. if inlcr stcd write for
photo. breeding and ]H'-(‘(‘. Bfi'crs 6L Barnes, t'oldwatcr, Mich.
nrnseys-Bull calves sold. they were beauties, every
one pleased, 3 cows to frcslicn this month, bettcr
writs now for a gm d ouc. .l. M. Williams, No. Adams, Mich.

GUERNSEYS

Weoffer a choicc lot of high gradc (iuerncy cows and
heifers, brcd to rogistcrcd bulls La ’i‘crtrc of Maple
Lane. No. 23192 and Sir Dena No. 36173. Prices-i reason-
able. THE JENNINO'S FARMS. R. l, Bailey. Mich.

‘GIBTERED

GU ERNS EYSER LL CALVEs

Containin blood of world chamg‘ilons.
HICKS' OUER SEY FARM. Saginaw. . 8.. Mich.
Bull (‘alf forsale. four monthsold

“E60 GUERNSEY wellmarked and vigorous. l’rice

reasonable. Eugene Wilcox. R. 2, Bangor. Michigan
Duo Soon.

I
Two Young Registered Guernsey Cows, F... m...
abortion, herd under (ioverment lnspcction, and free
from tuberculosis. E. W.RIF}CHS, Caledonia, Mich

Herefords—One Bull Calf.

ALLEN BROS. PAW PAW. MlCH.

 

 

 

HER EF ORDS : 1..7HB..‘§’.',T;.,.
EARL C. MCCARTY. Bad Axe, Michigan.

 

HOLSTEIN BULLS FOR SALE

Four of tliciu from 1‘2 to 17 months old by 31 lb.
sircdam‘s Alix). l’ricc $100.00 to $150.00. Younger

bull calvcs from $50.00 up.
BLISSVELD’I‘ FARMS.

Do You Want A Bufi

Ready For Service.

From a grand daughter of The King of the
Pontiacs. Hired by a bull that is more than a half
brother to the Champion Holstein (Tow of the
World. and whose dam is a 30 lb. 6% 1i fat daughter
of Pontiac Aggie Korndyk'elwho has more 30 lb.
daughters than any other living bull, If you do
write for pedigree.

town: 5. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich.
FOR SALE

SOME VERY FINE YOUNG BULLS
Whose sires have as high as 31 lbs. of butter behind
them. As they are young, will make a. low price on
them. BIG-ELOVV'S HOLSTEIN FARMS.

BREEDSVILLE. MICH.

Jenison. Michigan

 

 

 

OLSTEIN Bull Calf: Born Oct. 5. A splendid in

dividual, well grown, and of choicehn-edmg. Dam in).
LR Orccord. butter 7 (lav-i 18 04 lbs. milk 419.541 usa’Zyr.old.Fire
Albina Bonie Butter Boy No.03l24. W. B. Render. Howell,Mich.

HOLSTElN-FRIESIAN CATTLE

Hcrd headcd by grandson of King .chis Pontiac,
and tuberculin tested annually.
young bulls from dams having official records .
PEACELAND STOCK FARM. Three Riven. Mich.
Chas. Peters, Herdsman. C.L. Brody, Owncr. Port lluron,Mich.

 

 

B' ' B ll . . , ' .
For 8"" igfilolstein u 2yr old Goodbreféiing

eg. bulls and heifers 10 mos. o .
Ferd. J. Lance. Bebewalng. Mich.

  

Address ‘

T HE M 1301-71 '1- G AN F A R-MF :R

lings, both sexes, 20 two year olds,

AUCTION. SALE

Butter Cup Dairy Farm .

Gladwin, Mich., June 21st 1916

The estate of the late W. W. Steele, will sell at public auction its entire herd
of Holstein Cows, all young, well bred:

90 fresh or nearby springers, 25 year-
40 sprin calves, both sexes, one 16-

months old bull, Pontiac breeding, Work Horses, logs, Implements all kinds,
Sharples milker; 1 Rumley Oil Pull Tractor.

Kiger & Eslick, Auctioneers.

 

Also some good farmer‘s boars.

 

   
    

  
  

it Purebred Registered
, ll HOLSTEIN
" CATTLE

Holstein, the but dual purpose breed.
Holstein owners partners in prosperitY.
During the fiscal year ending April 30, 1915 134,-
456 certificates of registration of pedigrees were
issued by the Holstclii-Fricsian Association, pro.
ducinga gross revenue of $150,814. To the
thoughtful student. of facts this grcat volume of
business, of but. one department. of this association
is sumcient cvldcnce that the administration of its .
affairs has been able and sound. The owner of
purebred Holstein cattle is a. partner in all the
benefits accruing from this progrcssivc managemcnt
of the affairs of the most profitable of dairy‘brceils.
Investigate the big “Black—and-Whites.
Semi for FREE Illustrated Descriptive Booklet
The liolotein-l'ricsian Association oi America
F. L. Houzhion. Scc‘y.. BOX I64. Brattleboro. VI.

Bargains In Registered Holslolns

For The Next 30 Days

5 Heifers 2, 4, 5, 7, 8 months old for
$500. 3 heifers 12, 20, 24 months old,
bred to famous bulls for $400. Priced
separately on same scale.

A. R. Eastman. Howell. Mich.

$u- P' gets Hazel-let grandson of Ma )lecrest De K0]

0 Partlienea and Pontiac Maid 30.2 lb. Born
March ‘26. Dam Pontiac Hesperia 2nd, l~l.b91b; 436.6 lb;
lier (lmn's hire brother to sire of World'8 record cow 3l334 lb

milk lyi'. M. L. McLAULIlV, REDFOBD. MICH,
‘ Bull Calve and Cows
I Have "Ulsteln BUHS, that, l onesr for sale.

I can show breeding. records, individuality and attrac
tive prices. L. E. CONNELL. Fayette, Ohio.

“.T0 P N 01‘“! ” flolsteins

By careful retention, for many years, of largest ' pro-
ducing fcmaics'. and usc of superior sin-s. a breeding
herd of wonderful quality has been established. “'8
are selling young bullsofthis‘fl ()l’ N()’l‘(‘H"uuality.
of scrviccablc age, at. moderate prices. Information
pcdigr(-cs,otc.. on application. Mcl’HERSUN FARMé
(‘()., Howell, Michigan.

FOR SALE Registered Holstein Bulls

ready for service. and bull calves. also females.
FREEMAN J. FISHBECK. IIowell. Michl‘an.

i

  

..
I
;

 
 

,—v-- )—
pg.) ' til.

 

l

 
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

HG. Holst(sin—l’rcisian cows and hcifers. some fresh
I and some ready to freshen $12."), Reg. bulls 830 up?
Frank Stall‘cn. it. 3, Box 38. Howard City. Mich.

H OlSte i ns . See my consignment. at

o the Detroit sale. June 8-9.
A 311i). daughter of a 30 lb. cow, her three daughters
and three granddaughters, also, a 27 lb granddaughter
of Pontiac Butter Boy. Hobart W. Fay. M ason. Mich.

WANTE

Six good men to buy pure bred HOLSTEIN BULL

 

(‘A LVES. Goad notes on a year's time accepted in pay-
ment. CEO. 1). CLARKE. VASSAR. MlCH.
My cntirc iron] 0! high grade Holstein

For sale (‘ows and liciicrs. Also one Reg. li—yr. old
Percheron stud colt. or will trade for Reg, Holstein
cows. Arthur N. Blrkholz, New Buffalo, Mich.

H()](‘EH()LS’l‘lCIN BULLS—all from A.R.().dams
J Entire herd on Hcmi of. test for yearly work. Jr.
2-yr.-old just finished year's record of over 15.000 lbs.
milk,overltl()0 lbs. butter record in mature class.(“wrry
Creek Stock Farm. Ml}, Parmclle, Prop., Hilliflr(lS,Ml(‘ll.
F0" s“- Rog. Holstein females. Pontiac Korndylro
and chgcrvcld DeKol Breeding. l’rice

right. 1 to 5 years: John A. Rinke. Warren, Mich.

6 Holstein Bulls

Ready for service. at farrncrs‘ prices. All have high
testing A. R. (l. daughters; from world Record Hire,
nothing bctterat any price. LUNG REACH FARM,
(lull Lake. (Kalamazoo Co.) Michigan.

 

 

 

Lillie Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R.
of M. Cows, also hoifer calves and several bred
Colon C. Lillie. Coopersville. Mich.

heifers for sale.

from high-producing dams,with
JHSBY Buns {or sale testing Asso. records. also on
semi-official test. 0. B. Wehner. R. 6. Allegan. Mich

READY FOR SERVIC I, and sev-
""01"”! B"floral Heifers and Calves for sale.
NOTTEN FARM, GRASS LAKE. MICHIGAN.

Grade Jersey Herd For Sale
FORTY COWS

The result of twenty years careful breeding and
selection. are now offered for sale. Individual milk
records have always bccn kept. and are open for in-
spection. If interested write for particulars and if
iossiblc visit and examine the herd and their record.
)clivery will be made at. any time desired during the
sprin r or early summer. A few registered Jerseys also
for an 6. Address (z‘co. A. True, Armada, Mich.

 

 

 

A few choice‘

' Majesty Breeding
"'3 WildWOOd Jersey Held 40 head. tulierculintested,
hcrd now on R of M test. No imales forsale. (‘hoice
young bulls for sale from D: s that are on test for
Registcr of Merit. Write your wants or come and see

them before buying.
ALVIN BALDEN, Capac, Mich.

 

' " A 10 mos. old. solid color bull now
Hills'de Farm Jorse s offered for sale. Dam is a R. of ill.
cow with record of 546 ha. of butter as a 3 yr. old. He is a
fine individual Price fight. (7. d 0. Desire. Ypsilanti. lilich.

M I l R. of M. JERSEY HERD offers for sale.
3|” ane tuberculin tested cows. heifers. bulls,
and bull calves backed by several generations of R.

 

[of M. breeding. IRVIN FOX. Allezan. Michigan.

dial invitation is extended to visit the farm and inspect the stock.
young Jersey bulls in Michigan we have him for sale. For further particulars, address.

Breakwater Farm, Swine Dept, Ann Arbor, Mich.

 

Duroc Jersey Herd Boars

Special Ofl’erlng of High Class Full Boar Pigs. Breeding and Individuality good
enough for breeders who appreciate the best.

This is the bcst lot of fall pigs we have ever had to offer. A cor-

lf you wish one of the best

JERSEY BULL GALF FOR SALE

Ready for service. Majesty—Raleigh breeding.
Meadowland Farm. Watci'rnanfi Waterman. Ann Arbor, Mich,

 

in registered Jersey bull calves
Bargains from high producing dams. write

for information. 0.8. Bassett, 430 Drexel. KnimnazooJlich.

 

h i ' "' I i
FOB 3‘15 :- é’é‘e'i 853.33,]"difilibmifi‘fiidmlfféi

Must be seen to be appreciated. Reason for selling.
must change sires. Also two yearling biilrs from him.
SMITH— PARKER, R. D. No. -i, Howell, Michigan.

 

 

BIDWELL SHORTHORNS

For “Beef and Milk"
Registered bu] l s,
Scotch - topped roans.
reds and white for sale.
Farm at N. ’ (‘. Depot;
also 1). T. d? 1. R'y.

Address 6 .ll.3clmdor Mgr.
BIDWELI. STOCK FARM
Box B. Tecumseh. Mich.

 
   

Albion Stem p 352670

 

 

Shortliorn Cattle oi both Sex ior Sale

W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

AIRY Bred Shorthorns of best Rates strains. No
more females for salc at any price.
J. B. Humnici, Mason. Michigan.

OR Sale-12 Reg. Short Horn Bulls by Maxwalton
FMonarch 2nd.a son ofAvondale, from!) toil mos.old
John Schmidt, Reed City. R. No. 5.. Michigan

Five cows, Ten hcitcrs, Five bull
Shorlhom came- calves: also licrd bull for sale.
Write. Wm.J. Bell. Rose City. Mich.
No Bulls at

Slllllilflflilli COWS Hill SALE : ”9......

R. R. Station, Elsie. H. B. PETERS. Garland, Mich.

Sb ”'1 AND POLLED DL‘RHAMS FOR SALE.
0 cm Have rcd roan and white. Have over 100
head in herd. C. Carlson. Le-oy. Mich.

 

8h [”1 —Dairy or beef bred. Breeding stock all
0 urns ages for sale at farmers prices. C. w. Crum
Secy. Cent. Mich. Shorthorn Breeders' Assn. McBride. Mich
wo yr'l. red shortliorn Bulls. Roan (‘alf 9 mo. old
Poll Angus liull calf. 8 mo. old, not reg. Priced to
move quick. (‘HASl-l's Stock Farm, Marlcttc. Mich, R. l.

 

Loads feeders and two load yearling steers. Also
can show you any number 1, 2 and 3 years old from
600 to 1200 lbs. Isaac Shanstum, I’airfield. Iowa. R-8

HOGS.

' Male and female pigs
"Malian B'cd BefiiShll’es- born March 9th. also
October boars and gilts, registered with papers. Satls-
faction guaranteed. D. F. Valentino, Supt” Temperance. Mich.

 

 

 

' Sows bred to iarrow in April. Best.
BerkShl'e "0:84.: breeding. Maple Place Farms
C. S. BARTLETT, Propr. Pontiac. Michigan

Berkshiresof best. chedingmf aariouiagcsfiig‘her
sex, a rcgisterc stoc , no a n
special reduced price. \Vrite your wants quick. '
Mitchell‘s LakcsideFarnis. R.2. Bloomingdale, Mich.

' ()f various ages, either sex, open orbred
BerkShlres- proliiic strains, Registered. at .nioderate
price, Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Michigan.

 

SWIGARTDALE FARM

BREEDERS 0F
HOLSTEINS A-ND BERKSHIRES

Stock tor sale at all times, Berkshires oi unsurpassed
quality and breeding. at reasonable prices. A choice
bullcait, niccly marked. five months old. sire's dam
with record of over 27 pounds. Dam 0! ca]! a" grand
daughter of licngervcld De Koi. Price $50.00.

Swigarldaie Farm, Pctcrsburg, Mich.
erkshires, 1 have 6 choice fall gills bred for Sept.

farrowing at. $2.5 each for immediate delivery.
A. A. l'A’l‘TllliLO, Deckerville Mich.

 

 

and Red pigs, price. weight
Duroc Jersey soars etc. givcn. I guarantee satire:

faction. express prepaid. J. li.Banghart,lCast Lansing

I

of leading blood lines.

 

uroc Jerseys. some choice Jan. boars, sprin pigs-i.
pairs it: trios‘ not akin, a few sun's: for June arrow
W. C. Taylor, Milan. Mich.

 

—Fall and spring pigs either sex. from

"WOO Jerseys choice strains. s. 0.8’1‘AHLMAN.
CHERRY LAWN FARM. shepherd.

Bred sows and gilts

Dunne JERSEY all sold. Booking
orders for springpigs. E. D. Heydcnberk, Waylanddliich.
I l'ROC Jerseys—Fancy fall igs (either sex). Bufl

Rock eggs $1.15 per 1.3; H. C. Y. Leghorn eggs $1 per
15. John McNicoll. R. 4, Station A, Bay City, Mich.

Michigan.

 

 

~Sept. boars ready for service also open
uuroc 10730! gilts and some sows bred for Aug. and
Sept. E. l’. MORRIS, MONROE, MICH.

DU ROC JERSEYS ;--

present. \Vm. \V. Kennedy.

DUROO JERSEYS—30.33%. fs‘ii'ei

Carey U.~Edmonds. Hastings, Michigan.
nuroc Jerseys 1 have some good last September

Boars and grits. Gilts will be
bred for eptemher farrow.
H. G. Keesler. R.

 

all sold out
for the
Grass Lake, Michigan.

S
No. 5. Cassopolis. Michigan

OBSON'S DUROCS Combine size, quality. breed-

ing. Bears for sale. Pifis at weaning time. Re
istered Jersey bull. Orlo .Dobson, Quincy. Mic ,
For Sale. Bred Sows.

leavy Boned liorocs 5...... no... a...

 

Sping Pigs. M. A. Bray, 0kemos,(1ngham Co.) Mich

i Du roc Jersey Boa rs Ready for service.

  

a. s. BENJAMIN. a. r. n. 10 Portland, Michigan

 

JUNE 10.1916. r

Big.

swear I), lengthy fellows.
Grand Champion blood lines. Gilts bred for Sept. lar-
row. F. J. DRODT. R. l. MonrOe. Michigan.

‘ UROO JERSEYS, with quality. fancy fall sewage
few spring boars sired by Principal 4th Bwks. ol .
J. ROBERT HICKS. R. 3. ST.. JOHN’S. HIGH.

 

‘Like Thisl
(the original big producer?
a “’4

 

I HAVE started thousands of breeders on the road to
success. 1 can help you. 1 want to lace one hog from
my great herd in every community where am not already rep-
resented b these fine early developers—qeady for market at six
months 01 . Write for my plan— are Money from age. "

 

Sou-s bred‘for July farrow, spring

CHESTER WHJIES pigs in more. not akin.

. W. ALEXANDER. Vassar. Mien. i

H 06 S 1 yearling. 8 April improved Ches-
tcr whites boars. good ones. satisfaction

guaranteed, write inir wants. Clare Doruian, Snover, Mich.

 

 

 

 
   
    

o. l. c. BRIE!) GILTS, figfgpeg‘gina 3.... g
J.CARL JEWETT. Mason. Mich. if
H: ‘ Iglsiflml . wins
an Stock For 3an :9
:H rrupnndunco Sollcliol W I.
_ . II
"E l
E .
I

   

Irluhialde Farm ..
Grand Ledge. Mich.

O l C SPRING BOARS of good type and
o 0 0 Red Polled bull calves.

John Berner and Son. Grand Ledge. Mich.

o ' c. Choice serviceable boars. Choice gilts all
i I I sold. Fall pigs, either flex. not akin. Write for low

prices and description. A. V. HATT, Grass Lalre. Mich.

' --A nice lot of spring pi 8. Write
0- I 6- swme your wants. Meadow iew Stock

Farm, Holland. Michigan. R. R. No. 5.
O l C ()ctobi-r boars weighing 200 lbs. at 3'25
- - 0 each for,April shipment.

C. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Michigan.

3
i

 

Gills bred for May and
Junc tarrow. 1 prepay
Dansvillc. Mich'

0. l. 0. floors for service.

express. G. P . ANDREWS,
o | c Serviccable boars and bred gills all
0 I 0 sold. Booking orders for Spring pigs,
$10.00 each. H. W. MANN. Dansville. Michigan.
' 1 am booking orders for Spring pigs,
0.1.C. Swme. One yr. old Holstein bull for sale.
Elmer E. Smith. Redford, Mich.

 

o I C bred gilti-i all sold, am ofl'cring Sept. boars
. t 0 and gilts‘. large growthy ones, and booking
orders forspring pigs. A.J. Barker. R. 1, lielniont,.\lich-

 

0 I cl 50 Mar. and Apr. pigs, pairsand triosnoakin.
I . SH") bred gilts to furrow in Aug. 3 Holstein
Bulls. Cloverleaf Stock Farm, MonroeJlii-h. R. No. 1

400 Big Type 0. I. c. and Chester While Pigs

From Feb. Mar. and Apr. farrow sired by the ti ve best
boars in the state. School Master 52707 who won more
champions, defeatcd more champions than any boar
show 101:”). Abo 2nd, sirc to our iindcfcatcd breeders
oung herd at 7 state fairs. Allcn junior champion at;
is. State fair 1014, and (‘aptain Jim 33161, under 6
months-i boar and Junior champion at (every state fair
show 1915. Thcn we have Le Doux model 2901.3. first
in class at Pioux City. Iowa, 1914. (let our catalogue.
its free. We Register Free; Guarantee satisfaction
in ever way.
ROLL‘iNG VIEW STOCK FARM. Cass City, Mich.

also gilts
S

Otto B.
Some extra. good fall boars; also
a. '0 0’8 gilts. Satisfaction guaranteed.
A. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan.

 

A few bred sows to furrow in April, May

and June. 1 have‘ltllastJalI boars to offer.
Have them not. akin. All good stock.
chulze. Nashville. Mich. M mile we-tof depot.

 

 

o ' c Springpigs. both sex. $10.00 each at weaning
. I I time. Booking orders now. Recorded free.
Satisfaction guaranteed. Julian P. Claxton, Flint, Mich.fl. 8.

' I I
0. I. c. s Strictly Big Type
Two Sept. boars, three 1915 Jo y gilts, bred for July
furrow, sired by Lenghty Princc. No. 38161, bred to
Wonder 4th, No 3323?, he by Wonder 123069, one of the
most popular boars of the brccd. Have the iincst lot
of Spring pigs lei er raised. (‘an furnish in pairs not akin.

NEWMAN'S STOCK FARM. R.1.Mnrlette. Mich.

0. I. C. september pigs, both sex. Bred

F B MII FTT sows all sold.

Fowlerville, Michigan.
if y on are interested i
0. I. c. SWINE:U.1.(YH.,let me start;
you with a choice )illl‘ or trio. not akin, or a gilt, due
to farrow about September first.
A. J. GORDEN. R. No. 2. Dorr. Mich.

Boars at Half Price
We still have a few big boned, big type Poland (Thine.
boars ready for Service, weighing up to 250 lbs. not fat;
at $20 & $2.") each. Registered in buyer’s name. Also
registered black Pcrcheron Stallion 2years old 8250.“).
J. C. BUTLER, Portland, Mich.. Bell Phone.
BIB ‘I'YP Poland China sows brcd for July and
August furrow, Spring pigs.
G. W. HOLTUN. Route 11. Kalamazoo Michigan.

' ' -—B i f A ' i v
B'g ill” Poland Chlnas mixingoui‘é‘ié‘ltorflfi‘EXg
pigs. A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Michigan.

 

 

 

 

 

FOR SAL 1‘. P. 0. Sons. “Big Type "bred for Sept.
farrow. Extra good 7 months boar. March and
April pigs. 8.0.1}. Minorcas. 1L“. Mills. Saline.Mich.

Poland China Spring‘ Pig’s
Our herd sire was Champion and Grand Champion
at the State Fair last fall. Our sows are great big.
stretchy. splendiddndividuals, with best breeding.
Pigs from such matings will please you. Get our prices.

HILLCREST FARM

KALAMAZOO. HIGH.

 

' Afew choice fall boars ready
Largfl Sham P- c. for service. and _ ay boar.
Gilts for early farrow all sold, a few chorce Gilts to
furrow in Au g.. and Sept.. bred to black Wonder and
Oaklands Equal Jr. 11.0. Swartz. Bchoolcraft. Mich.

Breeders’ DirectoryeConflnncd on page 751.

 

 

 

 

 

~- la, flaw». -.....,.4:.._.,..——“ In",
I

 

w;— ——'—

 

 


 

3va§4m saga: ,

M .u. «mime w,»
P

,ssr «mark» an ..or,.m-“.\

 

. .W‘afl-

-W.

.5 a . A...“

 

w,— —w

 

' ITITalliIIIiiiiiiiiliiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiif

JUNE-19a .1916-

F armors” Clubs_

i@iiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiilliiiiiilliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiil|i|iliiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiii|liiiiiiiIIIIIIilIIIIIiiIIiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiig

OFFICERS OF THE STATE ASSO-
CIATION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.

President—R. J. Robb, Mason.

Vice-president—C. B. Scully, Almont.

Secretary and Treasurer—Mrs. J. S.
Brown, Howell.

Directors—Alfred Allen, Mason; C.
T. Hainline, Alma; W. K. Crafts, Grass
Lake; Edward Burke, St. Johns; Mrs.
C. J. Reed, Spring Arbor; Roy E.
Moore, Bellevue.

Address all communications relative
to the organization of new Clubs to
Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.

iiiiililiiiiiiiiiliiiiiliii

 

THE ANNUAL REPORT.

The report of the twenty-third annu-
al session of the Michigan State, Asso-
ciation of Farmers’ Clubs is now being
distributed by the associational secre‘
tary. It is in the usual form and con-
tains up-to-date Club statistics for the
current year. This section of the 1e-
port should enable the secretary of ev-
ery local Club to make interesting com-
ment, to the members at the ensuing
meeting.

CLUB DISCUSSIONS.

Care of the FIock.——The China Farm-
ers’ Club met in May at the home of
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Layle. After the
usual fine dinner, the members and
guests numbering about 60 werepleas-
antly entertained. An excellent paper
was read by Mrs. Fred Allington on
“Maintaining the efficiency of the great
armies and applying the same princi-
pal to people of the world in general.”

C. L. Brody then gave an instructive
talk on how to build a standard hen
house. He also told of the care of both
young and old chickens with special
regard to the prevention and cure of
diseases to which poultry are subject.
The meeting closed after an invitation
was given to hold the next Club meet-
ing at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Peter
Theison, Wednesday, June 21.

Co-operate with County Agent—The
Aetna Farmers’ Club held a profitable
and enjoyable May meeting in the Aet-
na schoolhouse. About 125 people were
present. The music for the occasion
was furnished by the East Denver
choir. The numbers rendered were
appropriate and very much enjoyed by
the large audience. Rev. J. F. Bower-
man was the orator of the occasion
and captivated his auditors with an
address on “Handicaps.” The speaker
spoke of the handicaps of indifference
of the farmers to their surroundings,
of the handicaps of bad methods, and
of other handicaps that harrass the
farmer in the conduct of his daily toil.
Mr. Bowerman’s address was inter.
spersed with humorous allusions and
the speaker was given the closest at-
tention. The Aetna Club has made
wonderful progress since its organiza-
tion. The interest has constantly been
at a high pitch and the members have
enjoyed the many splendid addresses
and the fine entertainment that have.
been given at the meetings. County
Agent Blandford has been able to do
much effective work through this or-
ganization.

Conditions in Mexico—Gun Plains
Clover Leaf Farmers’ Club met Tues-
day evening, May 23, with Mr. and
Mrs. Frank Barker, with 60 in attend-
ance. The home was tastily decorated
with the season’s flowers. The princi-
pal feature of the evening was a talk
by Prof. Fritz on Mexico, he and his
wife having recently returned home
from there. He first gave a short
sketch of their personal experiences.
He is a missionary and such persons
coming from America are treated in a
hostile manner. The Mexicans are
very ignorant and illiterate, 25 per
cent being unable to read and are
mostly of Spanish and Indian blood.
The cause of the uprising over five

_years ago was mainly to secure religi-

ous liberty and education. The mines,
smelters and factories have closed and
persons of wealth and culture gone.
Some reforms, however, have been in-
stituted through the leadership of Gen.
eral Carranza. Bull fighting has been
abolished and a school for boys erected
on the ring site. A church only a.
block away. Also, strides are being
made to close saloons. Mr. Fritz thinks
conditions there almost hapeless and
that in order to better conditions the
United States must intervene. The
next meeting will be with Mr. and Mrs.
Burt Duggan, June 20.—Cor.‘Sec.

   

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

IiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiililiiiiiliiiiiliilliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiilL-E

Veterinary.

WWIWIIWWWWWHIM
CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.

iiilliiiliiiiiiliiii-E

iliillliliiililiilliilillllli

Iiliiiiilili

 

Worms—How can I tell if my hogs
are troubled with worms ?. R. E., Bent-
ley, Mich—Unless hogs have a great
many worms, you will not find any un-
pleasant symptoms-—the passing of
worms with excrement is positive evi-
dence of the animal being wormy. Un-
thriftiness, dryness of the skin and
bristles are also symptoms. Mix to-
gether equal parts fluid extract spigelia.
and fluid extract senna and give 1/2 oz.
doses two or three times a day until
purging sets in, then, discontinue use
of medicine. Twenty-one days is the
answer to your other question.

Scurvy—My horses and cattle have
quite a number of rough scurvy patch-
es on body where the hair is shedding.
R. J. F., Beulah, Mich—Apply one part
iodine and 15 parts fresh lard to dis-
eased portions of skin twice a week.

Infected Milk. I have a cow that
freshened last September; she has
been perfectly well ever since; her
udder seem all right, but when the
milk stands over night, the cream will
be a sort of pink color. Am feeding
corn and oats for grain, the best of
tame hay and cornstalks. What and
where do you think the trouble could
be, and is the milk fit: for use? F. A.
B., Pinckney, Mich—I believe your
cow is perhaps healthy, but you had
better change feed, clean udder before
milking, clean and disinfect your sta-
ble and remove excrement and filth,
not only from stable but premises sur-
rounding your stable, thoroughly clean
milking utensils, also milk house. I
fully believe the milk becomes infected
after it is milked, but I know of no rea-
son why it would be dangerous to use.

Enlarged Gland—l have a cow with
a loose bunch under jaw which first
appeared a week ago. W. S., Dryden,
Mich—Clip hair off bunch and apply
one part iodine and seven parts lard
daily for a few days and the bunch
will either soften and open or disap-
pead entirely.

Wart on Neck—I have a mare that
has a large wart high up on neck
where throat latch comes and when-
ever she bumps it, it bleeds. is there
any way of removing it? B. H. 1.,
Milan, Miclr—VVarts are usually only
skin deep; therefore, you had better
cut it. out, or apply a saturated solu-
tion of salicylic acid in alcohol daily
until it is gone.

Leaking Navel—I have a colt two
weeks old which has been leaking ur-
ine at the navel for One week. Our
local Vet. is treating it and the colt
seems to be getting some better. He
tied it once and the piece sloughed off.
We are now applying a powder twice
a day. The colt is thriving and not in
pain. Am enclosing a self—addressed
envelope for immediate reply. R. R.
C, Bancroft, Mich—Apply equal parts
boric acid, tannic acid and iodoforni
once a day: however, I would suggest
that you allow your Vet. to continue
treatment as he is perhaps doing as
well as can be done for your colt. Per-
haps you misunderstand the headlines
of this department; if not you should
not expect: a personal reply regarding
your colt’s ailment, which, of course,
would only interest you and none of
the other readers of this paper. This
free veterinary advice is intended to
benefit every one of our readers as
well as individuals.

Knuckling.—I have a three-year-old
colt whose ankles are cocked and
when traveling the joints snap; there
are also some windpuffs above fetlock
joint that. are soft. C. H. 0., Big Rap-
ids, Mich.—If you intend to work this
horse, apply equal parts of turpentine,
aqua ammonia and olive oil to fetlock
joint three times a week but if you
can give colt rest, clip hair off and ap—
ply one part powdered cantharides and
four parts lard every two weeks. This
ointment will blister and doubtless
give you more prompt and satisfactory
results than mild stimulating liniment.

Sprained Hock—For the past nine
months my mare has been lame the re-
sult of a sprained hock. Our local Vet.
has been treating her with only fair
results. She is now running in pasture
and has done no work during the win-
ter. G. E. R., Kewadin, Mich—Clip
hair off hock and apply one part red
iodide mercury, one part powdered can-
tharides and eight parts lard to hock
every ten days or two weeks.

Punctured Breast—I have a horse
whose breast was punctured with a
fork, causing considerable inflamma-
tion and swelling, but the wound is
now healed; however, the breast is
yet swollen. I turned horse out to
grass and he is not working. J. S. P.,
Hunter’s Creek, Mich—Apply equal
parts tincture iodine and spirits of
camphor to swollen breast once a day.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

friction. An oil that main

conditions.

cylinders.
tractor engines, where kerosene

chinery and for heavy gearings

  

72 W. Adams St.,

  

Don’t Abuse Your Tractor

Let it do the work for which it was intended. It
will do it if you will use the proper lubricating oil.
An oil of the correct lubricating body to minimize

ing body even under extremely high temperature

Get Stauolind Gas Engine
Tractor Oil

It minimizes friction and eliminates the usual trouble of scored
This oil is made expressly for the lubrication of

efficient for lubricating bearings of all types of harvester ma-

Standard Oil Company

(Indiana)

 

   

 

 
   
    

tains that correct lubricat-

    
      
    
       
 

is used as fuel. It is equally

   
  
 

of tractors.

 
  

Chicago, U. S. A.

 

 

 

 

Alone

quickertlian a man can unhltCh { ’ e. R
l

 
   
   
 
    
  
  
 

:iud lilti-li a team. Not only for
hay but for loading and unload.

. . . . W ".
lug grain, (-oiil,_ fertilizer, ("L- . "
machinery, etc. \Uu (“all save ,
two thirds of work and time “"

m-

with an

IRELAND HOIST

Coat 10 a load. Ope rates easily, quickly and safe-

' l.’ Special pulley for your
engines.
Circulars.
. lroilnd Machine 8:. Foundry co.
33State St., Norwich. N. Y.
Also nifgrs drag saws, wood
aowa, saw and shingle mills.

thmriinteeii. Free

  
    
  
 

  

4 I K: SA A!‘

' ii “Off!"

  

 

   
 

 

R.

11, ~ PIONEER 99695

60 H E A D
M STALLIONS Ftiii SALE

PEBOIIEROIIS, CLYDESDALES and HACKNEYS
Also 20 head of Choice Hackney

mares with foal.

Gentlemen i got on my selling clothes.

Write for prices.

JOHN CRAWFORD
Colby Ranch, Stanton, Mich.

   
  

Ml NERA “sit?
H EAV E32...
“‘ COMPOUND»

CURE-S .

’QHEAVEJS y .

53 Package

guaranteed lo ulvo

 
 
 
  
  
    

Booklet
Free

NEGtEcl
Will Ruin ,
Your Horse “

 
     
      
    
     
     

. , Ii laoflon or
“830316258 "to-no; rolundod
, ‘gi $1 Package Sufficient
IEND TODAY ‘ i for ordinary cases.
AGENTS .H Postpaid on receipt of price

WANTED " Write for descriptive booklet 4. '
MINERAL IIEME REIEDT 00., 463 Fourth M5,. Pittsburg, P3.
In guaranteed. Works while

' ’
Burd SHeaVe Remedy animal works. Writs
BAIRD lllli‘ti. 00., Box 6137, Purcell,()kla., for particulars.

H008

 

Gilts and sows. Bred for Mar. and
Lam! lye P. c- April iarrow. Bired by Big Des
Moines, lg Knox Jr..ahd Giant Defender. Bred to Big
Knoer. Smooth W coder 3 and Big Jumbo. fourgreatp
est hours in state. Como or write. “2E. Livingston.Parma,Mich.

 

BIG Type l’oiiinil Chinas, Sired by Big Tpr King,
our 1000 ll). boar. Spring pigs. sired by big type
King, Fesenmoyer A Vi'onder Jr., and Mom’s Bis

iBono. W. lh‘ewhiiker db Sons. Elsie, Michigan.

' either sex. all a on Some.
For Sale P0land China: thing good at aglowL rice.
P. D. Long, R. F D. No. 8. Grand Rapids, ichu

 

ll 8 Poland ("liinas. Fall and Summer Pigs.
.. on. Son's lireii. Eggs from big Barred Rocks
$1.00 or 15. ROBERT NEVE. Pierson. Michigan.

 

L Type P. l. Sows .ii Gilt-1 all sold. Have 3 extra
NE. good spring boars. Sirod by Big Defender.
W. J. HAGELSHA W. Augusta. Itchlgan.

‘ B
Large Yorkshires 52%“.
September is. 2sprin boars. Prices reasonable.
W, C. C0815. Raute o. l. ADA. MICHIGAN.

 

 

 

snow-rm! THE DISEASE

PROLIFIC ‘ ‘ MULE FOOT" RESIST-
PROFITABLE HOG ING

WE ARE NOW BOOKING ORDERS FOR SPRING PIGS

THE CAHILL FARMS
KALAMAZOO - - - - MICHIGAN

 

 

HAMPSHIRE SWINE i iiiti‘oi’lii‘.‘

registered. John W. Snyder, it. 4. St. Johns, Mich.

' ' Bred Sows and gilts for August and
Illmpthlfl smile. September furrows. Spring pigs.
both sex. FLOYD MYERS, R. No. 9. Decatur. Ind.

 

SHEEP.
Kope Kon Farms
SHROI’SHIRES Ind DUROCS. KINDERIOOK, ”CH

Good yearling flcld Rams and
OXIOI'II DOW" Silecii- ewes of all ages for sale.
M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan.

 

 

 

 

Ask Your Dealer For

Foster’s Blue Vitriui

If He Cannot Supply you, Write,
Detroit Metal Exchange,

I4 Twentieth St“ Detroit. Mich.

 

HORSES
Pmlimnaiioisioins, In us. Sii shim. Bone:
DORE D. DUEL!“ Imin. icm‘lflc

 

FOR S ALE‘RBBi-tored Percheron Stallions. Mum
and Fillies at: reasonable rioos. 1n-
poction invited. F. L. K me a so N. CharfottoJlloh.

Fon SALE: Percheron Stud son. 11 months old,
Din-cc 'piua. Feb. far-rowed, either sex. . .
ALDRICH. Tekonoha. 031.. 00.. Mioh.. Boll Phono.

 

 

 


United ta e

llllllll llll llllllll lll l llllllllllll |llllllll lll llll
lllllllllll llll llllll

‘ChainTread
One of the five

llllllllllllllllllllll ll

l lll'll llll‘l ll l l l llWll‘

: :2.
9

”3:15?
, Q

7
ll «

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 

Tires That Give Mileage
Far Beyond the Ordinary

What you as a shrewd tire buyer
want to know is—“What will that tire
do—how long will it wear—~what mile-
age will it give me?”

It is a fact, demonstrated by our
enormous sales increases, that United
States ‘Chain’ Tread Tires are giving
consistently better mileage than any
others in their‘class.

. If. you want tires that will give you
anti-skid pretection and mileage far

' beyond the ordinary, buy United States
‘Chain’ Treads.

The ‘Chain’ Tread Is one of the five United
States ‘Balanced’ Tires.

One of the others that you already know '
is the ‘Usco’ Tread—famous for its extra
mileage qualities.

United States-lire’COmpany

‘Chain’ ‘Nobby’ ‘Usco’ ‘Royal Cord’ ‘Plain’ I I
“INDIVIDUALIZED TIRES”

mil/.1 l ""lll ll‘llllll' llllll ll.‘.lll l ‘l lll

 

 

 

min—um-
s' 3'”