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VOL. CXLVII. No. 4





Whole Number 3395

‘ HAT purports to be a rather

vv serious peach disease, particu-



' ' larly in neglected orchards,

' was found in Indiana for the first time

during the summer of 1915. The dam-

age was confined to a rather limited

locality in the southern part of the

state.



The disease appeared first on the

foliage where it might easily be miS<

taken (for Spray burn or shot-hole fun-

gus. The infection being equally se-

vere on sprayed and unsprayed trees

led to the conclusion that the cause of

the trouble was bacterium pruni,

which proved to be the case.



The foliage infection began to man-

ifest itself about mid-June, causing the

leaves to become riddled as if by buck-

shot, although the holes were seldom

round and regular of outline but quite

angular. Infected leaves soon dropped





I





DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JULY 22, 1916





A New Peach Disease





By JOSEPH OSKAMP





leaving the trees almost defoliated, ex-

cept for the very youngest growth.

Some fruit began to drop also, but this

was plainly the result of defoliation.



It was not until the latter part of

July that the disease appeared to any

extent on the fruit. Here the early in-

fection was quite similar to that on

the leaves. Small, depressed, brown,



gular lesions were found about the

size of scab spots and larger.

often coalesced, forming considerable

depressions and unsightly cracks.



rl‘he crop prospects in infected 01‘-

chards looked very dark at this time

and probably would have continued so

but for the timely interference of 1111-





These ,





seasonably cool weather which seemed

to check the development of the ad-

vanced stages of the disease. The

summer was one of the wettest on rec-

ord and no doubt the humidity mate-

rially aided its early virulence. The

disease, however, continued to spread,

mildly infecting about 70 per cent of

the fruit at harvest time, but the infec-

tion was not sufficiently concentrated

on single specimens to render the crop

unsalable.



Although the disease being of bacte-

rial crigin does not readily yield to

spraying, observations made in infect<

cd orchards show that it is not beyond

control. It was found that trees situ-





50 CENTS A YEAR

82 FOR 5 YEARS





ated on the higher and thinner land

were the first to succumb, while trees

on the most favored soil locations were

almost free of infection. Trees weak-

ened from any causes as borer injury

or winter injury were very suscep-

tible.



Here we have the key to control—

keep up the vigor of the trees by spray-

ing, pruning, cultivation and fertiliza-

tion. Leguminous cover crops‘ could be

introduced into the scheme of orchard

soil management to advantage. Ma-

nure applied to the poorer portions of

the orchard would do much to stimu-

late the weaker trees. Heading back

will promote thrift and vigor. The

timely worming for borers and needed

spray applications, particularly the

winter Spray, will subdue insects and

fungous diseases which sap the vital-

ity of the tree.





 





r





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Fig.





form unsightly cracks.





1.——Peaches showing the early stages of infection on the fruit.

but for the fact that they are generally depressed.

Fig. 3.—Peach leaves infected by Bacterium Pruni.

brown there were many more that the camela did not get





 





 





Manifestations of the New Peach Disease.





that nothing but the youngest foliage persists.





Breaking New Ground





ROBABLY nineteen out of every

P twenty acres of new ground is

broken in the spring and for a



hoed crop—corn, potatoes, beans, etc.

The idea is very prevalent that the

best way to kill out the brakes, briers,

sprouts, etc., is to cultivate the land

the first year. It is also true that the

average farmer leaves the patch of

new ground until just before plowing

time in‘April or May before he clears

Jib—puts it off as long as he can then

5 ' hustles the clearing, most frequently

', by burning every possible bit of trash,

-'leaves, etc. It is plowed just in time

, up the roots and cause them to





 





 





hoes had to. be resorted to‘some two





duce their kind. As a result the farm-

er'has a hard fight all summer and if

he fails to keep them down very little

headway toward their extermination

has been made. To paraphrase a Bib-

lical expression: “The second stage

of that field is worse than the first.”

Time and time again I have seen

fields of beans and potatoes on new

ground so infested with brakes and

briers that the slow, expensive opera:

tion of chopping them out with hand





Fig. 2.——Bacterium Pruni on the peach in its later stages.

The small angular spots and holes are characteristic.

Fig. 4‘.——Elberta peach tree defoliated as a result of infection by Bacterium Pruni.





or three times during the season in

addition to lots of plowing. The

thoughtful farmer realizes that such

work makes the crop cost more in

most cases than it is worth.



There is a better and a cheaper way.

It is simply this: Break the land in

late July or August, disc and harrow

down to as good a seed bed as possible

and sow a. thick seeding of rye and

sand vetch——-a bushel of rye and 15 to

25 pounds of vetch per acre. Always

inoculate the vetch seed. Then turn





   





The small dark, angular spots might be mistaken for scab by the casual observer

The angular spots often coalesce and





The spots being

Note





that under the following May for corn

or other hoed crop.



Do you ask “Why?”



The reasons are simple. Everyone

knows that vegetation plowed up and

roughly treated in late July or August

rarely fails to die easily.‘ By the time

the roots have been turned up and cut

and dragged out to more or less ex-

posed positions and left exposed in hot

dry weather, there is little danger of

their doing any more growing. Hence

there is no expensive hand-work neces-

sary to kill them.



Another reason for this method is

that a fine crop of green vegetation is

(Continued on page 67). '
, and received executive approval.





 





The Michigan Farmer





Wild 1843. Copyright 1916.





'0 The Lawrence Publishing Co.





Editors and Proprietors





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Enterd as second class matter at the Detroit. Michigan.

mffice.





DETROIT, JULY 22, 1916

.F—qw ' ” ,,_.1_-_M___





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





The Bankhead Bill

providing for the ex-

tension of federal

aid to road building

has passed both Houses of Congress

This

bill appropriates $75,000,000 to aid the

several states in improving their pub-

lic roads used in the postal service,

and an additional $10,000,000 for use in

the survey, construction and mainte-

nance of roads within the national for-

ests when necessary for the use and

development of resources upon which

adjacent communities are dependent.

Of the $75,000,000 appropriated for the

construction of rural post roads, $5,-

000,000 will be available for the fiscal

year ending June 30, 1917, $10,000,000

for 1918, $15,000,000 for 1919, $20,000,-

000 for 1920 and $25,000,000 for 1921.





The allotment of this federal fund

to the several states will, under the

terms of the bill be made by the De-

partment of Agriculture in the follow-

ing manner: One-third in the ratio

which the area of each state bears to

the total area of the country, one-third

in the ratio which the population of

each state bears to the total popula-

tion of the country as shown by the

latest available federal census, and

one-third in the ratio which the mile-

age of rural delivery routes and star

routes in each state bears to the total

of such mileage in the country at the

close of the preceding fiscal year.



The bill includes provision for the

maintenance and repair of roads built

with federal aid after they have been

constructed, the penalty for the non-

enforcement of this provision being the

withholding of further federal funds

where the work of maintenance and re-

pair of roads already built has not been

done to the satisfaction of the Secre-

tary of Agriculture. Under the bill the

several states receiving federal aid will

be obliged to apprOpriate a like sum

for a similar purpose. The work of

construction and supervision will re

main in the hands 01 the state high-

way departments, but provisions are

made for adequate federal inspection.



One of the great benefits of the real-

ization of this dream of good roads en-

thusiasts for many years will be the

making available of experienced gain-

ed in any part of the country to the

road officials of every other section.

Another benefit will be the standardi-

zation of engineering and construc-

tion methods, thus eliminating a large

proportion of the enormous waste of

money on poor work done by local high-

way ofl‘icials. The essential spirit of

this law is cooperation of federal and

state departments, and naturally a. sim-

ilar cooperation will be brought about





Federal Aid for

Good Roads.





 

 





in the lesser municipalities of counties

and towns in which read Ms di-





rect the. actual work at maximum- ' ‘





tion and maintenance.





The monthly re-

County Agent Work. port of co-opera-

tive extension

work in agriculture and home econom-

ics compiled by the state leader, Dr.

Mumford, gives a detailed account of

the activities of county agents during

May in the twenty-two counties of the

state now having county agricultural

bureaus.



This report indicates that during the

month. or from May 6 to June 3, 1150

calls were made on these county

agents in their offices, while they re-

ceived a total of 1421 telephone calls

for information from farmers within

their territory. During this period the

county agents wrote 2519 letters in re-

sponse to inquiries, mailed 1793 cop-

ies of circular letters, wrote 48 articles

for the local press and distributed 1429

bulletins. In addition the county

agents spent a total of 493 days in the

field during the period above mention-

ed, made 1465 farm visits, visited 68

demonstrations at which 65 meetings

were held with a total of 515 farmers

present; 161 other meetings were at—

tended, at which there was a total of

7583 farmers in attendance.



The state leader visited three county

agents and a total of 11 counties, ad-

dressing seven meetings with an at-

tendance of 1180 during the period

covered by the report. The assistant

state leader visited seven county

agents during the month, and extend-

ed aid to several new agents in outlin-

ing their projects. He also visited

thirty farms, thirteen demonstration

farms, and addressed eleven meetings

at which there was a total attendance

of 550. In accomplishing this work

Mr. Cook traveled a total of 1915 miles

by rail and 500 miles by automobile.



Space will not suffice for a detailed

report of the activities of the county

agents; in a general way much of this

work has had to do with outlining the

proper methods of growing potatoes

and alfalfa in localities covered. Soil

problems and demonstrations in the

use of fertilizers on soils is being tak-

en up in a number of southern coun-

ties. Much progress in the organiza-

tion of live stock interests was made

during the month, particularly in the

organization of cow-testing associa-

tions.



The reader will at a glance be im~

pressed with the fact that the county

agents are finding plenty to do in the

various counties in the state where

they are located. Other counties should

get in line to participate in the bene-

fits derived from this work at the ear-

liest practical date.





 





Owing to the late

spring which de-

layed getting in

the spring crops,

and the subsequent warm weather,

which made it almost imperative to se-

cure the hay while the spring crops

were suffering for cultivation, most

farmers have found the past few weeks

a very strenuous period. This situa-

tion has been aggravated by a shortage

of day labor in most sections of the

state so that the average farmer has

been obliged to choose between the

tasks confronting him, as it was im-

possible to accomplish all the work

which needed doing'just at this time.



It is interesting to take a drive

through the country and note the

choice in this respect made by differ-

ent farmers. The general tendency

has been to delay the haying past the

time when it should be done in order

to get the growing crops cultivated.

Some few farmers rushed the haying

to completion and let the cultivating

go until the hay crop was secured.

Where the soil had been properly pre-

pared before planting the spring crops,

present appearances indicate that

these farmers made the best choice.

since the thorough fitting of the ground

and surface working with barrow, and

weeder kept the crops growing in





The Strenuous Har-

vest Season.





This brings up a question in farm

management which is moot Impertamt.

In planning the crop rotation, it is the

part of wisdom to select crops as far

as possible which will not interfere

with each other at the critical time

and all, of which can be fairly well car-

ed for with the regular supply of farm

labor. Of course, it is impossible to

guard against every emergency of

this kind, but a careful study of this

matter of crop rotation will do much

to lessen the harvest season rush upon

the average farm.





In this connection it would be a wise

move for every farmer to carefully

study the proper relation of live

stock to cash crops upon his farm. By

increasing the live stock kept upon

the farm to its maximum carrying ca-

pacity the area of cash crops could be

somewhat reduced, and with the ‘in—

crease in soil fertility which would re-

sult from the increase in live stock,

the source of revenue fromcash crops

need not be greatly reduced, especial-

ly if supplementary fertilization is

practiced. With the increase in the

cost of labor, maximum yields are es-

sential to a good profit, and it is bet-

ter to reduce the acreage of cultivated

crops and increase the yield, at the

same time carrying more live stock,

which has become increasingly profit-

able in recent years.





It is impossible to lay down a gener-

al rule which will apply in all cases;

every farm is an individual problem,

and in planning for its efficient opera-

tion there is a broad field for the dem-

onstration of efficiency in farm man-

agement which is, when all is said,

the basis of agricultural success.



_ Wherever organiza-

Efficiency in Or- tion has been at-

ganization. t e m p t e (1 among

farmers, its success

has depended not a little upon the effi-

ciency with which the organization was

built up. From present appearances it

would seem that the organization of

Michigan milk producers is being built

on an efficient plan. - The employment

of a well-known dairyman and compe-

tent executive as field secretary under

a scheme of financing which when ful-

1y worked out will insure funds for

conducting a three-years campaign

promises much for the success of that

organization.



Strong central organization properly

financed is most essential in the con-

duct of a campaign embodying as in

this case several important objects,

most notable of which is educational

work to be conducted among dairymen

and consumers, a legislative campaign

looking toward the proper protection

and fostering of the dairy industry and

last, but not least, general co—operation

of dairymen in the marketing of their

product on an equitable basis. The suc-

cess of this central organization now

seems assured, provided it has the

right sort of support from the dairy-

men of the state.





The first essential in such support is

the organization of local milkproduc-

ers’ associations in every community

where dairying is a prominent indus-

try. In our last issue mention was

made of a bulletin recently issued by

the State Office of Markets at East

Lansing, Mich, which will be of ma-

terial aid to the leading dairymen of

any community who will take the ini-

tiative in effecting such an organiza-

tion. Interested ,dairymen in every

community should write for this bulle-

tin at once, and also to the field secre-

tary of the Michigan Milk Producers’

Association, who will be glad to ex-

tend personal aid in the building up of

local milk producers’ organiations

throughout the state.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





National.





The Mexican Situation—It has been

omclally announced at . Mexico City





ted





 





 





_ m,mun





 

 





 

 





the differences between the Uul- bacteria!





0-1“!!!“ . ”n

tinuas to add. to his 0 , _ Tin adv

v‘ancing to‘Ward Chihuahua. 5&1! :o’oml -

munication- south of this city has been

cut off and Villa has divided his force

numbering 8,000 men for attacks on

Torreon and Parral. It‘ is reported

that Villa is friendly toward the Amer-

icans and is devoting all his efforts to

overcoming the de facto government.

The activity of the bandits along the

border is becoming more general, and

the American troops are fully prepar-

ed for bandit raids. The Thirty-first

Michigan regiment is in camp at‘ El

Paso, Texas, where Villa may make a

border attack.





The House and the Senate have

agreed on disputed points in the pend-

ing postal bill. The long standing row

over the manner of paying the rail-

roads for carrying mail was settled by

referring it to the Interstate Com-

merce Commission to determine the

method of payment. It is also agreed

that more than $1,000,000 of disputed

back pay will go to rural route carv

riers.





Boys belonging to agricultural clubs

in Michigan are in camp on theM. A.

C. College field. Under the direction

of their leaders the boys carry out a.

full program of instruction and ath-

letics each day. The morning is occu-

pied in the study of agriculture on the

College farm while the afternoon hours

are devoted to sports which include

swimming lessons.





Paul Smith, 33 years old, vice-presi-

dent of the Chalmers Motor Co., was

killed by falling from the window of

his room in the tenth floor of the

Hotel Biltmore, New York City. Ner-

vous breakdown and vertigo are sup-

posed to be responsible for his death.





The Rockefeller Foundation has of-

fered the city of New York $50,000 to

be used in an effort to stay the pro-

gress of the infantile paralysis epidem-

ic. The government physicians have

opened offices and a staff of fifty, in-

cluding twelve surgeons, will be ac-

tive in the control of this plague.

Since the epidemic started June 16

there have been 1,853 cases reported

of which 369 have been fatal.





The German submarine Deutschland

has been inspected by United States

naval authorities who found no evi-

dences of guns or torpedo tubes, and

have therefore passed it as a mer-

chant ship. It has been tied at a. spe-

cially prepared dock in Baltimore har-

bor and has unloaded its cargo of dye-

stuffs and re-loaded with nickel and

rubber.





The United States collier Hector was

wrecked near Cape Romaine, South

Carolina, in a gale which blew from.

110 to 120 miles an hour. ' All on board

numbering 102 men were rescued by

the tug Wellington after six hours of

hazardous work.



Thomas Mott Osborne returned to

Sing Sing as warden amid the cheers

and celebration of sixteen hundred

convicts. Mr. Osborne relinguished

the wardenship six months ago to de-

fend himself against charges with ref-

erence to his management of the pri

erence to his management of the

prison.



Gen. Cipriano Castro, former presi-

dent of Venezuela, has been ordered

deported from the United States. The

charge against him involves moral tur-

pitude. This is the second time that

Gen. Castro has been ordered deport-

ed from this country.





Sharks continue to be a menace

along the New Jersey coast. At Mat—

tawan a man and a boy were killed and

another boy so wounded that he may

die. The United States government

has established a patrol along the

coast and will work out. means of get-

ting rid of this menace.





Foreign.





The European Wan—The Allies con-

tinue their advances on the eastern

and western fronts. The British have

overthrown Germany’s second line of

defense in France, but on the Somme

the Germans are still strongly en-

trenched. It is reported that these ad-

vances are causing great anxiety in

Germany as the German officers felt

sure that the second line would hold.

The Russians have made some gains

in the Riga district and also have

pushed the Turks back in Caucasus.

London reports nine more British ves-

sels sunk by German U-boats. Along

the Suez canal the British columns

have been successful in subduing Turk-

ish and Arabian bands which have been

making raids in that vicinity.





The Irish situation is growing worse.

the Sinn Fein becoming active again.

This movement is endeavoring to pre-

vent the compromise bill for Irish Igg-

eminent from being a success. a

armed uprising may however. client!

British opinion and bring the entire-

Irish negotiations to ruin.

' Prof. Elle Mltchnlkolf, the ham



_ of heart m





 

 





one. died ' 4,





“ninth-Mink“.





 





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-1“ a“. .a.
‘ ” . . is all have to admit that any-

, W thing new unnecessarily is

' wasted. Therefore a persOn

using up energy unnecessarily is wast-

ing it. ' ' ' -

Farmers, in great numbers, fall into



the habit of doing this very' thing.



Perhaps they have a very good excuse



considering the nature of their busi-

: ness. It sometimes seems more than



' “necessary to rush things upon the



, _ farm.

i T Aware of the fact that if we are to

. ‘ get profitable yields from our acres,

' ._ we must have them sown to their re-

spective seeds at a certain date, it is



l * only natural for us to try and accom-



,. plish the task. Let a farmer be handi-

' .1 i ' ‘ capped by unfavorable weather at this

H ‘ time and he hardly can be blamed for

becoming somewhat frantic in his

efforts.



Again, he may have large fields

ready for the seeder when signs of an

approaching storm period seems to ne-

cessitate unusual haste. The farmer

doesn’t relish the idea of having his

dry hay or dry grain get drenched if

hurrying will prevent it. We would

prefer to plow when the land is full of

moisture rather than wait until dry

and baked and will hasten to perform

other tasks and make the plowing of

such land possible. The seeming nec-

essity for haste keeps a farmer in hot

water during the whole season.



How far should the farmer go in

yielding to the need of hastening in

these cases is the question? No doubt

haste is more absolutely necessary in

some cases than it is in, others. How-

ever, he who will hold himself to the

sensible pace in each case is wise.

Considering from any





 





 





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in. ‘ma «~zw.w' » m: “WK—“4&4” “





7’3





“were: I“, .





---





 





, . . ted-as he usually

hopes to do so much that it becomes

an impossibility. It certainly is im-

possible for the latter to enjoy his

work. All the hoping'is wasted en-

ergy whether the hoped for amount of

work is performed or not.



Let the boxer lose his head for a mo-

ment and he is immediately floored by

his cool-headed opponent; let the base-

ball pitcher lose his poise for a mo-

ment and the game is lost; let the man

at the steering wheel of an automobile

become excited and there is an acci-

dent. The fact that they all seem to

be working harder than they were for-

merly does not affect the result.



So much, then, for proof that a man

“falling all over himself” in his haste

to perform a piece of work is not liable

to benefit so much as he imagines by

allowing eagerness to tempt him to the

flustration point.



A may work to the exhaustion point

to get the load of hay loaded and to

shelter before it rains, but if he drops

his fork, falls down every time the

team starts or stops and gets all tan-





 

 





‘gled up in the reins at every opportu—





nity, it will probably be B who is

meanwhile working swiftly yet uncon-

cernedly, apparently and in reality,

who will succeed in his endeavor to

save a load of hay a drenching.



Besides failing to accomplish the de-

sired object A is throwing away en-

ergy, all being a waste over and above

the amount actually needed to have

loaded the load under the conditions.



Why not observe the saying of the

Irishman to .a hurrying companion:

“If you can’t go slow, Pat, why not go

as slow as you can?”



If we cannot do as much by extreme

hurrying then why not educate our-





 





 





 





 





‘ple. " Most" of these weeds have a

strong tap root growing deep into the

soil. During the first year the plant

stores up large quantities of starch in

this root, which is utilized the second

year in producing seed. Being produc-

tive from the seed only any cultivation

that will prevent maturity will be ef-

fective. This, however, is not so easy

as these weeds often take possession

of fence corners and places where or-

dinary implements of tillage do not

reach. The only satisfactory way to

deal with them is to cut the tap root

off below the crown, say three inches,

with a. sharp spade or spud.



Perennials live and produce seed for

an indefinite number of years. They

are of two classes. The ordinary per-

ennial has a simple root and reproduc-

es itself only from the seed, as the ox—

eye daisy. The creeping perennial not

only reproduces itself from seed but

multiplies by means of its creeping

rootstocks which run along beneath

the surface of the ground in various

directions from the parent plant. Can-

ada thistle and quack grass are exam-

ples of this class of weeds. These

roots contain a large number of latent

buds, and whenever the soil is stirred

in moist weather they spring into life.

If a root is broken or cut during a

warm moist time, each of those roots

will send out a new plant, hence it fol-

lows that during such times land in-

fested with those weeds should not be

worked. Hoe crops and summer-fal-

lowing that is improperly done is more

likely to increase than destroy the

weeds. The cultivation should be done

when the weather is dry and warm.

Work the land so as to bring the roots

of these plants to the sun or keep

them under the ground by means of





 





_...-.

‘ rf‘rW. * *- -a,,.:;.p,-'W~v~W—“NH





angle this is advisable.





 





Were a man to let him-

self become frantic ev-

7 ery time the necessity

i ' seemed apparent it will

i soon become a fixed

‘ . habit and the necessity

' seem ever apparent.

’ It is quite possible he

I is only imagining he is

‘ working at top speed

it 9 and a man taking the

sensible p a c e would

r- have performed the

work in less time and,

enjoyed the work mean-

while.

9 It is well worth while,

' ' then, to compel our-

, , , selves to take the sensi-

1 " . ble pace always. Then

in time we will take it

without compulsion or

naturally. It will be-

come a habit.

The farmer should en-

)? joy his work. This is

impossible if working

under the strain of hurry. We can

hurry and work at a sensible clip and

we should not allow the speed to in-

crease until we lose our poise and be-

come flustered and excited. Allow our-

selves to work up to the flustered point

and we at once begin wasting energy.

’ ' The farmer addicted to the habit of

hurrying himself off his feet can easily

use up more energy in a forenoon, than

, , a non-waster will in a day. In other

i words, he has cause to be as tired at

i :2 noon as will the non-waster at night.

' And both turn out the same amount of

\ -‘, work.

. ‘ The man who , craves to perform

3 ,— \ faster and faster and then faster still,

f 1lg '_; . invariably does the task ahead of him

“‘ ' two or three times in his mind before

he has the opportunity to do so with

his hands.

Naturally he makes mental estima-

_ tions of what is ahead because what is

ahead has to be performed and upon

such performance depends his speed.

Now the man who works at a merry

, :1;ng looking neither ahead nor behind'

i-iséusually surprised and elated over

the ‘ aunt of work he has done when

"* mes while $1.19 man working





 





~0“,





 





 

 

 

 





   

 





 





Buildings on the Farm of James Edgar,





the least amount of labor, it is neces—

sary that a careful study he made of

their habits, growth and mode of dis

tribution. As different weeds often re-

quire different methods of eradication

a better understanding of the subject

may be had by dividing them into

classes, viz., annuals,

perennials.





and mature their seed in one season,

such as wild mustard.

year care be taken not to allow them

to ripen, they will become extinct.

However, the seeds of many weeds are

encased in an oily covering which en-

ables them to resist decay. Thus they

may remain in. the ground for years

and still retain their vitality and when

brought sufficiently near the surface to ‘

be influenced by the sun and air will

grow readily.





plete their growth and ‘produce seed.-

_, Ofthis-class the burdock is an exam-





selves to hurry moderately?





Macomb Co. R. SMITH.





 





MTHE WAR WITH WEEDS.





 





To combat weeds successfully, with





biennials and

Annuals are those which spring up





If from year to





Biennials require two years to com-





 





 





 





of Montcalm County, Typical of the

“Steadings” on Fertile Michigan Farms.





some smother crop, such as clover or

buckwheat.





It will have been noticed that cer-





tain farm crops are conducive to the

growth of certain kinds of weeds.

instance, fall wheat and rye are con—

ducive to the growth of fall cockle,

pigeon weed and chess; spring grain

to wild oats, mustard

meadows and pastures to curled dock,

ox-eye daisy and plaintain.

this fact in mind, it will be readily

seen that one of the best methods to

destroy weeds is to follow a regular

rotation of crops.

on the

weeds that

grain and vice versa.

case the spring cultivation required for 1

putting in the crop will destroy most

of the weeds that commenced to grow

the previous fall, and in the latter case

the crop is harvested before many of

the weeds have had time to mature

their see'ds.

generally'destroy the annuals, but are

troubled with biennials and perennials.

The cultivation that would take place

during a three or four-years rotation

would keep them in check pretty effec-

tively. The hoe, crop that comes in





For





and foxtail;





Keeping





Grow spring crops

land that is infested with

are common among fall

In the former





Pastures and meadows





 





coating of stable manure.

and harrow it in before sowing the rye

and vetch. The manure aids in filling

the raw, lifeless soil with bacteria and

thus aids in putting life as well as

plant food into the soil.





 





during the rotation, if properly done,

is the best crop for cleaning the land

of all classes of weeds. .



A good crop to destroy Canada this-

tles is red clover out about the middle

of June when the thistles are coming

in blossom; then out again for seed

about September 1. If this is followed

by a crop of timothy hay the next year

the thistles will be pretty well subdued.



Sheep destroy many weeds that are

not touched by other stock. Shallow

cultivation soon after harvest will start

many of the seeds growing which will

be destroyed by late plowing. See that

the threshing machine is thoroughly

cleaned before it comes on the farm.

Grind all grain fed to the stock. Do

not let the land lie idle but keep it

constantly at work or in grass.



Canada. J. II. MeKENNEY.





 





BREAKING NEW GROUND.





 





(Continued from first page).

turned under to rot along with the

roots, trash, etc. '



But the greatest reason of all for

this practice is one, the importance of

which is not well understood or ap-

preciated by the average farmer. I

shall endeavor to explain it very brief-

1y. Ground which is well supplied with

humus or decayed vegetable matter,

and particularly when it is plowed and

aerated frequently, teems with untold

numbers of soil bacteria whose pur-

pose in life is to convert the elements

of plant food—nitrogen, phosphorous

and potassium—into soluble form so

that the root hairs of the growing

plants may absorb this food as the

rain water brings it to them. In the

average new soil, and especially if it

is sandy or has been rather water log-

ged, the soil bacteria live, almost whol-

ly, right at the surface or within the

first two or three inches. As a conse-

r1uence when much of our soils, and es-

pecially the sandy soils, are plowed

five to eight icnhes deep one gets a.

raw, lifeless (bacterialess) soil which

will not grow a shallow rooting crop

the first season with any success, al-

though it will usually produce if a deep

rooting crop like corn or potatoes is

planted.



The real problem is to get the soil

bacteria and the humus in which they

live distributed through the soil down

to the plow line so that. all rootlets of

the corn or other plant will come in

contact with the humus, thus making

the plant food most available.



In the height of the growing season

——July and August~there is a maxi-

mum number of bacteria working in

the surface soil. If this surface soil is

turned under and with it a lot of green

vegetable matter these bacteria will

multiply, and work toward the surface

during the balance of the growing

season. .



When the rye and vetch which have





been sowed as soon as the ground was

prepared in late July or August, is

plowed under next May the hosts of

bacteria already in the soil attack it

and convert it into plant food most

rapidly.

the humus, which was the original top

soil, increased by the decayed matter,

to the top and thereby give

quicker, better aid to any crop which

you may wish to plant.

duce a very much larger crop and at a.

much lower expense for cultivation by

this method. I





Not only that but you turn





much





You will pro-





If the field you wish to break after





this method is very light soil you will

get very large interest on the money

and time invested if, after the ground





s plowed you will give it a fairly good

Then disc





A field handled as above outlined





this summer will yield twice as much

net returns as the same kind of ground

broken up new next spring.

also be much better the following year.





It will





Mason Co. I. B. ‘MCMURTBY.
_   ,ifll-Nu-Life Fertilizer-





 





A





of ' Nu-Life Fertilizer.





 





stated to be basic slag.





value.





of the remarkable “fertilizer.”





selling the material:





Slag Meal.”





your soil—brings back

it—wholly rcinvigorates your soil.”

Several samples





with the following results:





per cent.

determine the source of the material





be a mixture of raw rock phosphate

and a material that resembles, in ap.

pearance and chemical composition,

the slag from an open hearth iron fur-

nace. Although open hearth slag is,

strictly speaking, basic slag it should

not be confused with the product which,

under the same name, is used so exten-

sively by the farmers of Europe as a

source of phosphoric acid. True basic

slag contains approximately 16- per

cent total and 14 per cent available

phosphoric acid. The slag used in Nu-

Life contains about four per cent phos-

phoric acid, consequently, 85 per cent

of the phosphoric acid in Nu-Life Fer-

tilizer derived from raw rock phos-

phate.



A comparison of the cost of Nu-Life

with that of other well-known sources

of phosphoric acid together with the

price per pound of available phosphor-

ic acid in the various materials is giv-

en in the following table:





URING the month of December,

1915, The Mineral Fertilizer Co.,

Chicago, Illinois, applied to the

State Board of Agriculture for a li-



cense to sell a product under the name



The application

and certificate of analysis was filed in

the regular order and upon the pay-

ment of the license fee and receipt of

the sample required by law the license

was issued. The fertilizer was guaran-

teed to contain 15 percent phosphoric

acid. No claim was made for available

phosphoric acid although in a letter

addressed to the writer under date of



iDecember 11, 1915, the material was





So far as we know none of the ma-

terial was sent into the state until

early spring when several cars were

shipped to various points and a cam-

paign was started to sell the product

to the farmers at the rate of $30 per

ton, a price which we believe to be

greatly in excess of its agricultural





The advertising matter distributed

by the agents contains attractive pic-

tures showing wonderful gains in the

growth of corn and onions by the use

The

following statements copied from one

of the circulars put out by the com-

pany are typically characteristic of the

methods employed by the company in





“The basis of Nu-Life Fertilizer is





“Nu-Life Fertilizer is slag meal and

additional available phosphoric acid.”

“Every ounce of Nu-Life is either a

fertilizer or a recreator in your soil.”

“Nu-Life Fertilizer puts new life in

to your soil

what the years of use have taken from





of the material

were collected by our inspectors and

these have been analyzed both for

total and available phosphoric acid





Total . Available



No. of Phosphoric Phosphoric

Sample Acid % Acid %

A 273 14.70 1.40

A 379 13.05 1.80

A 832 12.00 1.74

A 384 12.50 1.64

A 530 15.50 1.22

A 883 16.10 1.76

A 235 15.15 1.80



6167 13.60 1.91





Five of the eight samples analyzed

contain less phosphoric acid than is

guaranteed and in every case the avail-

able phosphoric acid is less than two

At first we were unable to





but, by putting it through a series of

sieves ranging from No. 40 to No. 200

and by analyzing the different portions

and examining them under the micro-

scope we have been able to prove it to





3 , ,

asked, why.

was a license to sell this material

granted? In reply it may be said that

the fertilizer law allows the State

Board of Agriculture no discretion‘in

the issuance of licenses. Any person

who complies with the requirements

of the law in filing the application and

certificate of analysis, together with a

sample of the material to be sold is

entitled to a license upon payment of

the fee.





.‘ ,_ at. . .

. ed. but '1wa can

putxoff another planting 'of peas until

Tuesday, July 11, we can get the hay

all in—provided it does not rain, By

the way, it did not rain in this vicin-

ity this week, the week of the Fourth

of July, and something was doing the

whole week.



But we are “up against it,” as the

saying is, on our June clover, which

ought to be cut the first of the week-—

it is usually ready in June but this

spring is away behind—and a planting

of peas must be harvested before we

can cut the clover. Again, the corn

needs cutlivating the worst way, and

we can only do that at odd times in-

stead of making a thorough business

of it as we should. “Well,” I tell the

men, “we can only do the best we can

and abide by the results.” That is one

of the things the farmer is up-against

and something that many times he is

unable to prevent. Some years things

like this work out like clock-work but

the past few seasons have caught us

good and plenty. I have been study-

ing the question to see if I can not de-

vise some plan whereby we can grow

early peas and still not allow the al-

falfa and corn to suffer. I confess I

have not been able as yet to work this

problem out satisfactorily. I wish to

grow all these crops. We need them.

They are all good, but we can’t handle

them satisfactorily because the work

all comes at the same time.



If we could drop out the alfalfa we

could handle the rest. If we could

drop out the red clover and cut down

the alfalfa it would be better. The

corn, of course, must be grown, too,

for we need the silage. I don’t wish

‘to drop out the peas, for the vines are

fine silage and they are a by-product.

They make cheap feed if we don’t lose

on the alfalfa and corn.



Perhaps a few years’ experience will

enable us to handle this problem to

better advantage.





   

   





Axpntw J. PATTEN,

Chemist. 'Mich. Ex. Sta.





LILLIE FARMSTEAD NOTES.





 





In planning a rotation of crops it is

very important to select crops that

will not need the attention of the

farmer at the same time. The proper

distribution of labor is of prime im-

portance. Usually clover haying is

neglected until too late for best qual‘

ity of hay, because the corn crop or

potato crop was not planted in time to

be cultivated before haying. During

favorable yearsthese crops do not in-

terfere. When we used to get our

com planted by May 15 it was large

enough to be cultivated before clover

hay was fit to cut. Then it could be

left for a time at least without serious

injury, while the hay was seucerd. But

late years, with cold backward springs,

the corn could not be planted early,

and the result is that corn cultivating

and haying come at the same time,

with the result of one crop or both be

ing neglected. In this respect timothy

or mammoth clover works better, be-

cause it gives more time in a late sea-

son for the corn crop. Yet I would

not advocate the substitution of either

timothy or mammoth clover for com-

mon June clover. we want the June

clover and we must try and take care

of it along with the corn crop. Usu-

ally we can, provided we do not have

too much of each. .



Alfalfa is even worse than June clo«

ver in this respect. We must hurry the

corn crop in shape so we can cut the

alfalfa on time. One reason why oats,

corn, timothy and wheat is a very pop~

ular rotation is because the distribu-

tion of labor is well night ideal, one

crop not interfering with the other in

the least. By having part of the hay

timothy and part clover helps out some

in bad years, and this is not a bad

idea if some hay is to be sold. How-

ever, where all the hay is to feed the

live stock on the farm it is better to

grow all clover or alfalfa and then do

the very best one can at harvesting

time. '



One of the most perplexing things

we find about growing early peas for

the canning factory is that they come

just at the time when alfalfa or June

clover should be cut and the peas must

be harvested when they are ready or

the crop is too ripe for canning. This

year, and last year also, was very un-

favorable for us in this respect. The

seasons were late, necessitating the

late planting of corn, and we have

corn cultivating, alfalfa, and peas all

on our hands at once. The old saying

is that when two evils confront you,

choose the lesser evil first. Well, there

is only one thing to do in our case, as

I see it. The peas must be harvested

on time; the alfalfa must wait for the

peas and the corn must be neglected

until the last. The pea crop is the

only one that does not suffer under

this plan.



This year we were in hopes to get

the alfalfa out of the way before the

peas were ready, but the weather came

off hot and we only got the alfalfa cut

and in the cock before the peas must

be harvested. The alfalfa had to re-

main out for more than a week before





COLox C. LILLIE.





FARM NOTES.





 





Seeding Alfalfa in August.



I have a piece of sand loam soil

which has been run quite hard which

I would like to seed to alfalfa. I plow-

ed tinder a crop of sand vetch and rye

last year; have the same on it this

year. Would it be advisable to seed .to

alfalfa in August or plow under anoth-

er crop? Would 200 lbs. of acid phos-

phate per acre be any advantage?



Oceana Co. G. B. F.



It is the consensus of opinion among

successful Michigan alfalfa growers

that the first of August is about as

late as alfalfa can be seeded in Michi-

gan with a fair prospect of its getting

sufficient growth to survive the winter,

and in this event it is best seeded on

land which has been plowed and thor-

oughly fitted so as to prepare a good

firm seed bed.



Land now in rye and vetch might be

successfully fitted if plowed at once,

although unless the ground is fairly

moist, there would be a likelihood of

the failure of the stand from a lack of

sufficient moisture to insure the early

germination of the seed and the rapid

growth of the young plants. The plow-

ing under of a heavy green manure

crop whenthe ground is comparative-

ly dry‘breaks the capillarity of the

soil at the furrow slice, and unless

there is a fair distribution of moisture

thereafter the surface soil is likely to

become too dry for best results with a

summer-sown crop.



Any sandy soil which has been farm-

ed for a considerable period is likely

to need lime before alfalfa can be suc-

cessfully established on it, and unless

alfalfa has been successfully grown on

Similar soil in adjacent fields, it would





 





Total





Phos.

Acid

Material. %

Acid phosphate . . ............. 17.00

Basic slag .................... 16.42"

Raw rock phosphate ........... 28.00

.Nn-Life Fertilizer ............. 14.07§





, ‘AVerage of 7 samples.





 





 





 





be a profitable investment to apply a





' Avail. 'Average égSetracgfe liberal coating of ground limestone or

Phos. Selling Avail hydrated lime before seeding to alfal-

Acid Price Phos. fa. If the alfalfa is to be sown at once

‘70 Per TOH- Per Lb after the lime is applied, it is better to

1630* $20-00 6-3 CtS , use hydrated lime, as this will have a

13:33 13:33 ' 28:3 2:: more immediate effect in correcting

1.66§ 30.00 99.0 cts soil acidity than will ground limestone.





~Morerage of 8 samples.x which does not. give a maximum of





 





 

 





assume

applicationbf 200 pounds ., dph

phate per acre would be helpful





 

   





ingot-

ting a. good vigorOus stand of » alfalfa,

Clipping Weeds on New Seeding. ‘

I haVe 20 acres in oats. About half

of them are drowned out. ‘I sowed

grass seed and have got a good catch,

if it were not for the weeds. Would it

be all right to take a mower and clip

this after the oats are cut, so as to kill

the weeds,

Muskegon Co. T. C. B.

It would be an excellent plan to cut

the weeds on these bare spots in the‘

oat field, as this would give the seed-

ing a much better chance. If these are

irregular spots in the field, a good way

would be to cut them with the binder

at the time of harvesting the cats, al-

though if the weeds are especially

thick and vigorous and the area on

which they are growing is so situated

as to make this practical, it would be

‘a still better proposition to cut them

even before the oats are ripe, tilting

the mower bar rather high. Very many

farmers make a regular practice of

clipping their new seeding after har-

vest to rid the ground of weeds by 'pre-

venting them from maturing seed.

Eradicating' Quack Grass.





I have a few acres badly infested ‘

with quack grass. I tried last summer 1

to subdue it. Went over it 12 or 15 "

times with disc and spring-tooth, d'ur- ‘

ing the dry spell, but the quack grass "

was as tough as rawhide and the disc

would not cut it up so the spring-tooth

could get hold of it. It is just sandy

land; now the field is shoulder high

with some vetch, rye, weeds and quack.

I know that such a piece it plowed

in the fall early and not allowed any

growth will be half rotten in spring,

when it would be easily exterminated

if gotten after persistently, but I do

not dare to fall plow .such a piece, as

where there is little quack the sand

would drift. I was thinking of turning

under the present growth with mould.

board, plow and smooth it down a few

times, then again cross plow with disc

plow and get as good a seedbed as

may be and sow to buckwheat. I have

never raised buckwheat. Will buck-

wheat come off soon enough to get a

sufficient stand of rye to prevent drift-

ing or would buckwheat stubble pre-

vent drifting? If you can advise me

of a good way to handle this problem

kindly do so.



Oceana Co. S. E. R.





If this growth of vetch and rye is

plowed down as deeply as is practical,

then after the quack grass begins to

show above the ground is given a

shallow plowing to again turn the grass-

down and then the land is sown to

buckwheat as suggested, we believe

that it would discourage the quack

grass considerably if it did not entirely

eradicate it, making it much easier to

finish the job the succeeding year. The

buckwheat should be ready to harvest

by the time the frost comes, else a

good crop cannot be expected. As it

fills better in cool weather, a better

crop will be secured if sowing is de-

layed until there is just time for it to

ripen before the average date of kill-

ing frost. The buckwheat stubble would

of course, afford some protection

against the wind, and as buckwheat

leaves the ground very loose, rye

could be sown without any preparation ,

of the soil, and under favorable condi-

tions ought to make sufiicient growth

to prevent serious blowing.





 

   

 

   

   

   

   





   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





VERTICAL DRAINAGE.





 





I read with interest the article on

Tile Drainage, by L. S. Brumm. This

will do very well where there is enough

grade. But suppose the lay of the

land is such that this cannot be done?

For instance, I have a parcel of muck

land of about five acres which can be

drained only through high land with

mostly quicksand bottom and very lit-

tle grade. I am in correspondence

with an advocate of vertical tile drain-

age by using a drain head and letting

the water down to the water table, by

going through, the subsoils. Is any

reader of the Michigan Farmer using

this system? Is it successful? If so,

I-would be pleased to hear through the . , ,

columns of the Michigan Farmer as it}: ’

will lesse’n'the cost of drainage Consid- ’ "
Spray for Curl Leaf.

'What should we use as a spray for

the curl leaf on peach trees, also when





= to spray?

Genesee Co. J. B. F.





The only satisfactory way of con-

trolling the curl leaf on the peach

is to spray with concentrated lime-sul—

phur at the strength of one gallon to

eight of water before the middle of

March. If desired, copper sulphate,

two pounds to fifty gallons, can be

used instead of the lime-sulphur, but as

lime-sulphur is the common remedy for

scale, it would be advisable to use it,

thus acoomplishing two things at the

same time.



The curl leaf fungus becomes ac,

tive as soon as the leaf buds begin to

swell, and after it gets into the tissues





 





,a





rtmcnt ‘





 





preferably in spring with concentrated;





lime-sulphur at the strength of one to

eight. 'The best method of caring for

the injured trees is to cut away all the

loose bark and paint the wounds with

pure white lead and raw oil.

Chewing Insect Attacking Peach and



Cherry Trees.





We have a little brown bug that eats

the leaves on my peach trees and cher-

ry trees. I have sprayed the trees

with strong tobacco water, but still

the bugs remain. What can I do to

get rid of them? . . C.





From your description, I cannot de-

termine what bug is attacking the

leaves of. your peach and cherry trees,

but as it is a chewing insect, the to-

bacco water you used will have little

or no effect, as the tobacco spray is a





 





 

   

 





 





 





 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





' water will give good results.





‘ J to leave the trees in sod and to prune





, _ should be used in the young orchard.





contact insecticide only.





For any chewing insect, some ar-

senical should be used, and for the

. _ spraying of these fruits, arsenate of

$3311"? been trcz’ubleél fléfid liliittlii lead at the rate of two pounds to fifty

girleaoi‘ir‘isoelhtiillé in;€i'adli:hes. Some- gallons of water with a. pound of lime

thing also eats my eggplant leaves as added should be used.

fast as they come out of the ground.

Would like to know what to do to de-

stroy them. H. H.





The white lice on your rose bushes

can be controlled by dusting the bush-

es in the morning when the dew is on

them, with pyrethrum powder, com-

monly called Persian insect powder.

If you prefer to use the powder for

spraying, add one ounce of it to three

gallons of water. It should be mixed

with the water at least twenty—four

hours before using.

wTheT insect attacking your radishes

is undoubtedly the maggot, commonly

called the cabbage maggot. This in-

sect is very hard to control, but fair

success has resulted from the use of

carbolic acid emulsion, which is made

of one pound of soap, one gallon crude

carbolic acid and one gallon of water.

The soap should be dissolved in hot

water, the carbolic acid added, and the

mixture thoroughly stirred until it is

emulsified. This stock solution should

be diluted with thirty parts of water

for spraying purposes.



We have had reports from farmers

who have had success in controlling

this pest by using soot. Just at seed-

ing time a fair quantity of soot should

be sprinkled in the small trench made

for the seed. Aside from being a re-

pellant for insects, the soot has some

value as a fertilizer. Some of our

readers report that excellent large





crisp radishes have been grown by its forward to a successful year. The

use ironclad five—year contracts under





The insect which has been attacking WhiCh many farmers chafed have been

your eggplant is undoubtedly the com- canceled and the new working agree-

mon potato bug. The method of con— ment puts growers upon the” honor.

trolling this insect on the eggplant is The FennVllle Fruit EXChange 0f

the same as that for controlling it on western Allegan county 13 building a

potatoes. Five ounces of Paris green new PaCking house 48x110 feet on the

to a pound of lime, or three pounds 1°t west Of Its main 931019“? house at

of arsenate of lead to 50 gallons of Fennwlle. This new building Will be

‘ used for packing apples and pears,

while plums and peaches will be taken

care of in the main building as usual.

There will be room for 50 packers in

the new structure, with daily capacity

of 800 barrels. It is a one-story build—



There are several things which will ing. with skylights over the packing

cause the bark of fruit trees to crack. tables. The Fennville Exchange hand-

Probably the most common cause for 18d about 23,000 barrels 0f apples and

the bark of young trees cracking is a pears last season, and Will be much

very vigorous growth, which continued better equipped for the work this year.

too late into the season and did not The Norton FFUit GI‘OWGI‘S’ ASSOCia'

harden up before the cold weather sets tion is operating successfully in Mus—

in. This insufficiently hardened wood kegon COUDtY- There are 11'0 members,

becomes very susceptible to cold, and most of them living in Norton town-





of the leaves, there is no method of

keeping it in check.

Insect Troubles.





 





WITH THE MICHIGAN FRUIT

GROWERS.





 





A species of peach has been devel-

oped at Marquette, known as the “Mar-

quette Peach,” and is thought to be the

best fruit of its kind ever raised north

of the straits. The parent tree is now

dead but 200 budded trees raised at

a Michigan nursery have been distrib-

uted over the upper peninsula.



Some nice fruit farms are being de-

veloped in Delta county, around Esca-

naba. W. E. VVickett has set 300 ap-

ple trees and 3,000 red raspberry bush-

es on his farm near Wells. He has 16

acres of cherry orchard two years old

and it is one of the finest in the state.

M. Perron is also setting out a large

cherry orchard near the Danforth hill.



The Grand Traverse Fruit Exchange

met recently at Traverse, City, with

over 100 growers in attendance, and

discussed prospects for the coming

season. The speakers included F. A.

Mitchell, traffic manager of the M. &

N. E. Railroad, Mr. Carmody of the M.

A. C., and Manager F. Kern of the

fruit exchange. An important change

was made relative to the grading of all

fruit except apples. Instead of having

three grades marked X, XX and XXX,

they will be marked “A,” “B” and “un-

classified.” The growers are looking





Cracked Bark.





There is a good deal of the bark of

young fruit trees in this vicinity split

each spring. What is the cause and

the remedy? G. M.





Palrlck Henry Adamant/u Fm: Continental Congms, Philadelphia, 1774





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 





WHEN Patrick Henry de-





clared that oppression

had effaced the boundaries of





the several colonies, he voiced

the spirit of the First Conti-

nental Congress.





ln the crisis, the colonies

were willing to unite for their

common safety, but at that

time the people could not im-

mediately act as a whole be-

cause it took so long for news

to travel from colony to colony.





The early handicaps of dis-

tance and delay were greatly

reduced and direct communi-

cation was established between

communities with the coming

of the railroads and the tele-

graph. They connected places.

The telephone connects per-

sons irrespective of place. The

telephone system has provided





AM; A.$__s_oc HAT

Ono Policy





GER?





, At the end of twelve months if a Gallo-



way Spreader has not paid for itself, provided on

have hauled out 100 loads of manure or more, an it

has not proven everything I say for it, I

3 rec to take II back, pay freight.

~ th ways and return your money

. no matter on which of my six Inns

you buy. Could I make this 0 er I!

I was no! sure of my ground—that

_ the spreader would please you—that

,. lt_would pay for itself—that every-

thing I have said about it would be



" backed up by the spreader itself? In

new noel heater and Wide-spreading ll

" rake pulverizes and tears the manure to



shreds—worth $15 extra on an

costs you nothing extra on t e

INVINCIBLE PATEN’I’ED ROLLER FEED‘ this

great exclusive feature _on the Galloway

. proader makes it superior to all others--

the secret of light draft-49. feature worth

alone on any spreader—«exclusive on

the Galloway, but costs you nothing extra.

aw EVERLAS’HNG PRESSED STEEL un-





 





My Blo Book

FREE

gon’t fall to

to your copy

of my bifx Free

Book 0 Bar-

nins. 2nd 0011- breakable tongue worth 85 more on any

don lust oli'fihe spreader-mo extra charge on a Galloway.

regs. W n to l ATENTED Aurora-no s'rop uniform elem

or It today. out pustgsbqard. worth 810 on any spread-

er v





on the Galloway, but Costa you .

nothing extra. one 193- . - -

turel have caused thousands



of Galloway Spreader users



to writs us that the Gallo-



wny lo the best a reader on



earth. TOP'DR \‘ OPS





 





   





 





 





 

   

 





 





 





 

 

 





or of any make or kind un-

gldfl‘éfivfie‘réi‘i idlim‘“

THE WM. GALLOWAY 00.





Dept. 189 Waterloo, Iowa

. i to I ,

sti’vlifidKeI-anm. chippélityfmé‘oungil {3335. St. Paul and Chlcozo. ‘





 

 





 





winter injury results. ship, but with others in North Muske—

When this condition prevails, the gon, Dalton and Fruitport. The asso-





 





trees have a great abundance of sap, ciation acts as a general purchasing

but frequently the bark of trees will agent through its manager, Edward S.

also crack when the scale is quite ser— Upton, in getting fruit packages and

ious, the scale sapping the trees so other SUpplieS, as well as coal, oats,

that the bark becomes dry and cracks straw, etc., for its members. Work

open, ' began with strawberries and with only



If the cause of the trouble is the ov- half the berries picked the association

er-growth of the tree, it might be well had sold over 26,000 berry crates, indi-

cating that the members will do 3. her-

Also no fertilizer ry business in excess of $50,000 this

year. It is conservatively estimated

the 'gcaleis causing the cracking that the crop of small and tree fruits





them very little.





CIDER-Making





Will Pay Some Man in Your Section

W111 this man be you? Why not?

Thousands are making Big Money with





We can show you how $1200 a year

can be made in the cider business. '

Sizes 10 to 400 barrels daily.





sills. We make cider evapo-

ntnn, applobuttel- cookers,

vinegar Estimators, filters. etc.

(unnamed.

HYDRAULIC PRESS MFG. CO. 131 Lincoln Ave"





LIME





 

 

 

 

 





Mount Gilead Hydraulic

Cider and Grape Juice Presses





' II b . I \

Write to-dny {or analog. 4 "

It. Gila“. 0.





Pulverlzed lime rock for “sour"

soils. Write for LOW PRICES

DIRECT TO YOU and we wIIl

send sample and full portion-

lon Write tonnes nearest you.





 





the ark it should be controlled by this season will yield the members

I‘ . _. y; I . ' dormant season, very close to $150,000r—A‘.‘ an‘nnn.





 





' Hulkogon. we)». ond Benton Hotborflfloh.





 





1.4.11: snorm s‘rom company





One Nation; One People





AMERICA}; TELEPHONE ,AND_ TELEGRAPH COMPANX





One System J





ICI'OULD ‘I MAKE





to represent a reliable concern can~





 





 





the means of individual com-

munication which brings into

one national family, so to

speak, the whole people.



Country wide in its scope,

the Bell system carries the

spoken word from person to

person anywhere, annihilating

both time and distance.



The people have become so

absolutely unified by means of

the facilities for transportation

and communication that . in

any crisis they can decide as

aunited people and act simul-

taneously, wherever the loca-

tion of the seat of, government.



In the early days, the capital

was moved from place to place

because of sectional rivalry, but

today lndepenclence Hall is a

symbol of union, revered alike

in Philadelphia and the most

distant American city.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





ED QOJ‘AP. ANJES.

Universal Servico





 





t Easy Baling

§ Leverage does





\ thework.qulck,smooth

§ running, low lip-keep cost.

§ .





New catalog and

Free economy records.

\ Write for copy todBY-





\ Admiral flay Press Go. -

“136- Kansas City. In.





   





 





 





The " Berlin

cu...-





TheWhite Basket





That secures highest





     

 





5' rit-es for your fruit.

’rite for 1916 catalog . p

showinguur complete line it.

. and secure your baskets '





 





and crates “t WINTER i



DlsoorN'i's.



The Berlln Fruit 8le Co.

Zorlln Hullhll, Ohio.





 





 





 





 





Why my high prices for acid

DhOSphate and mixed fertilizer?





Raw Rock Phosphate





Will do the work and save you money.





Let us send you particulars. 51

Robin Jones Phosphate (30., Nashville. Tenn





FERTILIZER





Muncey Cartage (30., shippers of horse manure and

tobacco stems. 450 Grand River Avenue, Detroit

Mich. Tel. Grand 821 and 4267.





AGENTS WANTED.





 

   

   

 





vassing among farmers in you own

neighborhood or elsewhere. No exper-

ience necessary. Liberal pay and

supplies furnished free to right part—

ies. Reference required. Address,





ADVERTISER. “II! THE Illfillllilll FIBIEII,





 

   

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





 





Detroit, Michigan
Always Sweet

Silage From

These Silos



THE PORTLAND





Built of all-shale block. bound

with enclosed steel reinforcing

rods and providing a smooth.

plastered inside surface. Per-

fect fitting doors; roomy. con-

venient door frames. Water

and air-tight, proof against

freezing; dependable for year-

_ , round value and lifetime

‘ ' . " service.

CEMENT STAVl-I





A huge cyunder of

dense concrete;mod.

crate in





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 





mix ure is

poured between the

stoves to make the

joints as solid as the

paddled staves them—





selves. Moisture. air

and temperature

resisti





ng.



Weassumeallresnon-

sibility by building

these silos for you

under a binding guar-

antee. Ask for our

new catalogs and

knife their superior—



y or yourself, don't

delay. Plan to place

your order in time to Insure building before full.





THE PORTLAND SILO CO.

109 Long Block. PORTLAND. INDIANA





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   





I note in a recent issue that different

counties in the state are planning the

details for the 1916 fairs. I was also

pleased with the way our worthy edi-

tor spoke of the showing. He said

that often the officers of local fair as-

sociations do not give the matter of

selecting judges the careful attention

which this detail merits. The editor

well said: “When the awards are plac.

ed by competent judges the showing

becomes of great educational value to

the public, as well as to the breeders

of the different classes of live stock.”

Please allow me to thank the editor

for expressing himself along this line.





What is the object of holding our

state and county fairs? Is it not a

place prepared by the county or state

to show the different classes of live

stock, together with all grain crops,

fruits and vegetables which Mother

Earth can produce in that section?

When we have got the best of all the

different class of live stock, grain,

fruit, etc., together, then comes the

judging of the different classes.



The man or men who act as judges





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Less mortar exposed between joints—yet

everyjointns sohdnsrock. Thismeans .

“ginger. Eric-11:8 durable malls ——be;ter

se in 0 S] e— ess ances or

frost. % ‘teusfortbesetactson .





LANSING

Vitrified Tile

Silo





Cons nommethan mostother silos but is

far more durable. Reinforced with twisted .

steel : continuous doorway, my climb-

lng ladder. Special shiplap block provides

cement reinforcing that lasts for ages. First

cost—only cost. Write for catalog 309.

1.3!. PRESTON C0. Lansl flick.

Get our afier on blimaxglaae .

Gutters and Bulwell Thrashers.





 

 





 





 





 





intnoosmmo

EXTENSION'ROOF





Make your silo 100%

efficient. A full silo

after silage is settled

Let us show you how to





Turn Waste Space lnl Dollars





How to get more money out of .

‘our .5110. Customers? say

Hoosrer Roof ought to be



on every Silo.” Write



nearest office today for .



full particulars.



Shut Metal Specialty ca.



307 NJ. Sh, 608m, Ind.



307 “will” Bonk Bldg.-

Ann Arbor, Mich.





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 





'M I NER AL'W?

, - . H EAVEslg’m





 

 





 

 





Booklet ,



Free . , ' "I'M

IEBlEl‘J ' ,HEAVES» / ..

WIHRuln ‘~

Your Horse





1,





 

 





‘83 Package ‘





guaranteed to olvo





   

   

 





 

 

   

   

   

 





Sold on ll onllllactlon or

Its Merits ‘ "'0“! refunded

$1Psckage sufficient

.'N° 70'3" _ ‘ for ordinary cases,

AGENTS Nil Postpaid on receipt of urlce 1





WANTED 3" erielsrdescrlnllve booklet LE ,

IllEllAl. llEAIE BEIEDY ca. imfoudh Ava. Plilsbmg. l'a.





ROSSiiB't‘Si‘fii‘ib





 





Keeps all your ensilage sweet,

fresh and clean. Unavoidable

loss reduced to about 1% due to

no leakage or evaporation.





THE PERMANENT SILO

can’t blow down, buckle. twist g

or collapse. Stands rigid even a

when empty. Fireproof, storm-

prool'. Capacity increased any

time by adding to height. Guar—

anteed against silage acids. We

also make the Ross Wood Silo.

Write for free catalog.



AGENTS WANTED.





«in. ‘1‘”

,.





lilillllllllllllllllllllL





 

 

 

 

 





   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





in a state or county fair should have

the same experience and schooling as

the exhibitors in the different classes

of live stock, let it be horses, cattle,

sheep or swine. An experienced breed-

er is always more competent to judge

any breed with which he is familiar

than a man who never practically en-

gaged in the business. The exhibitor,

if he is a man who wants to stand up

as a man among men, wants to see fair

play in the show ring.



But we have crooks on both sides of

the question. I am going to give the

judges a nice clean shave, and then I

wish to shave the exhibitor a week

[under the skin. A judge should not





 





 





,‘have any special pets or family rela-

gtionship or old acquaintance in the





[Show ring. How often we have seen

[the judge hang around the hog pens

’for 24 hours before show day with

some particular friend, perhaps “roost-

ing” with him over night, sleeping in

the same bunk with him. Mr. Exhib-

itor will hug right up to him and whis-

per in his ear and tell him he gave

$75 for that six-month-old male pig and

then tell him all about the great an-

cestors of his herd and their world

records, till the own clock strikes 12.

Then they fall asleep until the morn-

ing of show day, when they arise quite

early and go down town together. All

this is fine for the exhibitor, if he leans

that way.



An honorable and competent judge

will not make such mistakes. They

will award the premiums to the stock

that is worthy of same and not to the

man. To the judges I would say, do

lyour work honorably, be honest in

*your decisions and do not have at least

a dozen axes to be ground between the

exhibitor and the officers of the asso

ciation after the fair is over. This

many times causes hard feelings and

in some cases has been the ruination

of a good and prosperous fair for years

after.



Now, honorable judges, just a word

in regards to Mr. Exhibitor. If it is in

the live stock department, have the ex-

hibitors show their stock where you

can see them, and take no exhibitor’s

word for anything. And if some by-

stander says, “That is Mr. Jones’ hog,

he is surely a dandy,” give him a crack

over the head with your cane and say,

“Nobody is at home.”



If an exhibitor in the beef class, for

instance, is showing a cow with best

calf by her side under six months old,

be sure that this calf did not have a





 





 





, R 0 S S C 0.

'. B01314 8p ngfleld, (Halo.

» 'r— J IIIIllllllllllllllllfllmllllllllllllllIIIIllIllllllliIllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllé





lllllHillllUllllllllllllllllllllllll





 





 





ski—Mn.



WANTED A MAN with some means or a herd of

cattle to go onto a large farm, either stock for

Beef, or 3 Dairy, on shares. Or he can rent at his

cation. One half mile from village on Grand Trunk

: R. in Saginaw o. pleasant surroundings and

a good chance for the right man, twenty and of





ad moo 8h .h

500mg Mcnv‘gtx.°lsn:g1333v.miygt° slde. Mich.

'1. ’When Writing to Advertisers Please





stepmother. Many times Old Brindle

deserves the credit, instead of 14th

Bell Duchess of Liberty, and Old Brin-

dle is left at home. The great object

of the exhibitor is to win the prize and

honor. Too often he will deceive the

judge in any way he possibly can to

accomplish his desire. Pedigrees

should out no ice in the 'showing. 'I





 





:5Hention The Michigan Farmer.





..





 





believe in a three-judge system. Why?





 





JudgingStoCk'at the





irs





Three men's judgment is better than

one man’s judgment any time. One

judge has everything his own way,

and he is prejudiced nine times out of

ten.



Just a word to those who go to see

the live stock. A great many times the

exhibitor of sheep or swine finds after

he gets back home that he has a cross

buck or male hog on hand, and very

often he has to dispose of same. What

made the animal cross? It seems as

though every man and boy on the fair

ground has a cane, an umbrella or a

stick of some kind with which they

strike and punch the animals on ex-

hibit and this is what makes them

cross and crazy.



I would suggest that every superin-

tendent over the above classes would

stretch a chicken netting two feet

wide around the outside of the hog

and sheep pens, to stop this annoy-

ance. The exhibitors will greatly ap-

preciate the favor.



Gd. Traverse Co. C. L. PORTER.

TREATING WOUNDS OF STOCK.





There should be in every barn a

quantity of disinfectant that may be

readily mixed with water and used in

the cases of wounds sustained by any

of the stock. Potassium permanganate

is excellent, and can be purchased at

any drug store in powder form and

used in water in amounts such as will

color the water a light red. It has the

advantage over many antiseptics of

not irritating a wound. But any of the

commercial antiseptics will keep a

wound free from infection if used car-

ly, and the formation of large running

sores will thus be prevented. A scratch

or wound, small as it may be at first,

may quickly become infected and then

it will not heal until the infection has

been freed from the germs that are

causing the trouble. But if treatment

is begun at once the trouble can usu~

ally be prevented by bathing two or

three times a day with an antiseptic

solution which will keep the wound

clean so that it will rapidly heal.



The best home treatment of old

sores is to bathe them two or three

times a day with hydrogen peroxide

and syringe them out with warm wa-

ter followed by a small quantity of the

some antiseptic.



Indiana. W. F. PURDUE.





EXPERIMENTS IN PIG FEEDING.





At the Wyoming Experiment Station

two lots of 437-p0und pigs each were

fed for 168 days a grain mixture of

corn meal and middlings, 1:1, the

grain being mixed with water for lot

one and with alfalfa tea for lot two.

These lots made average daily gains

per head of 0.58 and 0.68 pounds, re-

quiring 5.57 and 4.78 pounds of grain

for a pound of gain for the respective

lots. It is suggested that a small

amount of the alfalfa meal itself might

have proven equally satisfactory. These

pigs were then redivided into two lots

of four pigs each and fed 56 days, lot

one, receiving corn meal and alfalfa

meal, 4:1, and lot two, barley meal and

alfalfa meal, 4:1. These lots made av-

erage daily gains per head of 1.02 and

0.98 pounds, requiring 4.86 and five

pounds of grain per pound of gain for

the respective lots.



Two lots of three brood sows each

were fed 91 days, lot one receiving

grain and alfalfa hay, and lot two,

grain and pea hay. These lots made

average daily gains per head of 0.54

and 0.43 pounds. Both lots made sat-

isfactory gains and kept in good breed-

ing condition. Five of these sows were

then divided into two lots of two and

three each and fed 42 days, lot one re-

ceiving corn meal alone, and lot two,

corn meal and alfalfa hay, 4:1. These

lots made average daily gains of 2.9

and 2.1 pounds respectively, lot one re-

quiring 4.1 pounds and lot two 4.86





Rouge Rex Shoes

Tough, roomy. practical

for the man who works





are very different from the shoes

worn by men who sit at desks all day.





Shoes for the man who works must

be roomy; they must be tough to

stand the wear he gives them, long

enough to .get his money out of

them. Then they are practical.





Rouge Rex Shoes are practical be—

cause they are roomy and tough,

and they look well on a man’s feet.





No. 4-53 is a Rouge Rex shoe de-

signed and made along these lines.

Your retailer will be glad to Show you

this, or any other Rouge Rex shoe.





Let us send you a booklet about Rouge Rex shoes

and the name of your nearest dealer.





HIRTH-

KRAUSE

COMPANY

18-7 Ionia Ave..

Grand Rapids,

Michigan.





 

 

 

 

 

   





 





 

 





 





   





/ . . . _ ' " '

a .



THAT’S GUARANTEED j

-7to produce more milk than any other ration

eitli er homemixed or purchased _and do it

Without givmg our cows constipation or

udder trouble. goody. to use right out of the

sac k Without any mixing. ‘





I ’ F /A 14?:1 J, /





Absolutely free from “alternate and fillers. just

like the feed you would mix for yourself,is 9 special

combination of choice cottonseed meal. dried beet

pulp, gluten feed,corn distiller-5’ grainsnnheat bran.

wheat mlddll and a little salt. that’ all; each in~

gradient weig ed automatic s5: es and all

thoroughly mixed in uge power driven mixers. so

that it is always absolutely uniform. and always

good. An extra quart or two of milk dsil from each

cow may turn a. loss intoa profit.'l‘ry LAfiRO-FEED

for more roflts. Sold on "Ion-y but i on new"

plan, the ecision be: entirely up to you. LARRO

dealers almost everyw ere; write if none near you.





I‘ll! [Al-OWE MILLING Ell IDSSBiIlupiO Ill... hm. lid.





 





 

 





 

 

   





 





 





 





 





 





pounds of grain per pound of gain.’





   





 





limit? “AUTOMATIC”





Designed for perfect efficiency and built for

service by a pioneer organization of over

fifty years' experience. Satisfied users all

over America who claim the Rowell the per-

feet silo filler and urge its exclusive use. The

Rowcll is the most complete line in point of

sizes and equipments in the United States.

Complete stocks of machines and repair parts

are carried at distributing points to insure

quick delivery to all buyers. Send for our

Free Catalog and see the features that have

made ”The Rowen Automatic” supreme.





The l. B. ROWELL C0.,





1114 Lincoln Ave., Waukesha, Wis.





 





 





HOES for the man who works .





 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





1k

«27‘





 





 





W'" -4. -"‘I_..._ _.
1k





 





 





*2... VW' .. “hm





as»





 





 

 





 

 





 





 

 

 





 





' composed.





- r fl:..g>—«t"“’~ U: . : . .

5.1 .3 n» , ,





 

 

 

 

 

   





will begunnecessary. They seem to

think that plenty of good green pas-

ture will take the place of the winter

4 rations. To a limited extent this holds

true. Because green food causes an

increase in the milk yield, the conclu-

sion is that it is the ideal food. As a

matter of fact, whether the food is

green or cured as hay no one food con-

stitutes an ideal ration. As a rule a

variety of food will give better results

than any single’thing. To get the very

best results, it is necessary to put into

a cow the elements of which milk is

The correct balance for

milk production is only approximated

in any-one food. While clovers run

close to the standard yet they vary

considerable in their elemental con-

tent. The average standard for pro-

ducing a normal flow of milk calls for

about one pound of protein to every

five-pound combinatiOn of carbohy-

drates and fat. The nutritive ratio

reads 1:5.. Let us compare a few foods

with this standard: Green alfalfa,

1:3.1; rape, 1:4.3; crimson clover,

124.7; soy bean, 1:4.7. It will be seen

that these feeds fall below the stan-

dard. There should be something wid-

er fed to balance any one of these





"foods. Let us examine a few more:

Green timothy, 1:11.2; blue grass,

1:7.2; Hungarian, 128.5; rye, 1:7.3;

Date, 1282; corn, 1111.7; kafir corn,

1:16.9. These are considerably wider

than is necessary for best results.





These wide foods need something

much narrower than the standard to

balance them.



It is generally conceded that the

right proportion of the elements men-

tioned will keep a cow in the pink of

condition and any one of these ele-

ments used in excess will prove to be

an irritant and burden to the system.

Taking the last list of foods, it will be

observed that there is not sufficient

protein, while in the first list there is

too much of this element for the

amount of the other elements used. It

is the popular belief that blue grass

,makes the ideal pasture. While this

is true, yet it can be improved by the

addition of alfalfa. In the absence of

this some wheat bran and gluten feed

will balance it satisfactory.



I have given one reason for supple.

menting any given pasture. I shall

give another reason for spring and

summer feeding. There will come a

time when pastures run so short that

cows find it difficult to secure enough

food for maintenance, let alone milk

production. This condition often ob-

tains in autumn also. It is well for

farmers to be prepared for any emer-

gency. To make a cow the most prof-

itable it is highly necessary to work

her to capacity at all times. Farmers

will do well to follow the example of

regular dairymen. These men are pre-

pared to feed cows at any time. They

find it necessary to keep up the regu-

lar flow of milk. They have found it

unprofitable to disappoint their cus-

tomers. From dear experience it has

been found that you cannot depend en-

tirely upon pasture, no matter how

good it appears. _



I shall'give another reason why the

feeding should be continued through-

out the year. Many a good cow has

been foundered and rendered useless

on the one food diet. Let her get good

and hungry and break into a clover

field and see what happens so often.

The main reason for bloating and'oth-

er troubles lies in the fact that the





p 4 cow is forced to eat much green food





to get the necessary energy to accom-

plish her work. She simply gets too

much of a good thing. Supplement the

clovers mentioned with ground oats

and‘corn meal, and the grasses with

bran and gluten feed and end your

roubles. I shall close by submitting



is , combinations of a definite





 

 





:2





spring midsummer time as that

. part of" the year when feeding





the cow if they are properly disinfected





teat ducts become inflamed discontin-

' y , ueuntil they are normal again.

11 at'bran; 129 lbs. .





 

 





of gluten feed

them; (are ydur cows two parts of

ground feed to five parts of blue grass.

Through ‘a little experimenting you‘

will be able to determine about how

much grass your cows obtain on the

range. By slopping them twice daily,

they will need less pasture. If you

can approximate the above propor-

tions, the results will be entirely sat-

isfactory.

Take 206 lbs. of corn meal and mix

with 192 lbs. of ground oats. Feed two

parts of this to nine parts of alfalfa

pasture.

One more, take 320 lbs.. of bran, 460

lbs. of pea meal, 210 lbs. of cottonseed

meal. Give five parts of this to 11

parts of timothy pasture. This makes

a good ration for fall feeding. All the

above combinations are based upon the

standard of one pound of protein to 4.4

pounds of carbohydrates and fat. This

is calculated for maximum milk flow.

The quantity of ground food will nec-

essarily have to vary with the condi-

tion of pasture. Watch your cow’s ap-

petite, flow of milk, state of pasture,

and be governed accordingly.

Wayne Co. 'E. W. Goon.





 





 





DAIRY‘ PROBLEMS.





 





 





Mammoth Clover for Silage.





As we do not expect any corn this

year for silage, would it be all right to

fill the silo with Mammoth clover?



Tuscola Co. W. P.





Mammoth clover will make splendid

silage. It must be cut while yet green

and put into the silo before it dries

out. You can’t leave it in the swath

until it begins to .dry. The rake should

follow the mower immediately and the

loader follow the rake at once. It must

be got to the ensilage cutter green and

juicy, then it will pack well in silo and

make good silage. You can cut it in

one-inch lengths if you prefer. It

would be better in half—inch lengths,

but one-inch lengths will do. It is

pretty slow cutting clover in half-inch

lengths.



If from any cause the clover dries

out any, water should be added when

filling. If you get dry clover in the

silo it will simply mold and spoil.



Clover silage is a more valuable

feed than corn silage. It is richer in

protein. Corn, however, is the great

universal silage plant because it is dif-





 





 

 





 

 





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Draft actually less. Even spread cer-

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ESPECIALLY suitable for seeding between corn rows or in limited space. They do not

destroy hills of corn planted out of line. When discs come in contact with corn

hills they spring in, dodge them and return to their place.



Plant any small seed, alfalfa to bearded oats, peas and beans in rows 6, 7 or 8 inches

apart, and distribute any standard fertilizer. Plant seed only, distribute fertilizer only,

or handle both at the same time.



Amount per acre regulated merely by shifting feed gauge levers.



N’o choking of seed or fertilizer in the hoppers. Adjustable gate force-feed in seed

hopper, finger- type plates in fertilizer hopper ,

prevent it. All the ground sown.





museum





 





 





 





Aneven stand of grain certain because pres-

sure springs compel discs to cut furrows of uni-

form depth and seed is protected until it

reaches bottom of furrows.





Van Brunt Drills do not clog up—scrapers

keep discs absolutely clean. ‘





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ficult to cure and store in a dry state.

Clover can usually be made into hay

at less expense than silage, while the

corn can be harvested cheaper as silage

Cow Milks Hard—How to Overcome.

I have a fine cow coming three years

old, that has had her second calf; her

udder and teats are perfectly normal,

but she milks too hard, cannot get a

stream larger than about the size of a

knitting needle. Would it be safe to

insert teat dilators and would it re-

quire a veterinary to do it? I have

asked a number of farmers and they

advise me not to use them, saying it

might spoil the cow. G. K.

To overcome the difficulty of a cow

milking too hard, the circular muscles

that surround the opening to the teat

must be permanently stretched. This

has been accomplished in some cases

where the difficulty was not too pro-

nounced by having a. milker with very

strong hands milk when she first came

fresh, and milk for all he is worth. If





 





 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





pusron

Silo I‘il ler





Actual records prove that Appleton

Silo Fillers cost the least





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Many exclusive power and labor saving features. such

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knives spirsled to give clean shearing cut. requirin

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Both iced rolls end table controlled by single lever. Posi-

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A





 





 

   

 





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Appleton Mfg. c... 420 Fuse 5m... 3».an any other silo filler.

L





 





the cow objects the work must not

stop. In a few days or weeks the mus-

cles do not contract as much as at first

and the difficulty is overcome to a.

great extent.



Another way is, as suggested, by us-

ing teat dilators. This will not injure





and used carefully. Hard rubber plugs

are used for this purpose. After the

cow is milked, and the stronger the

milker and the faster he milks, the bet-

ter. These plugs are inserted in the

ends of the teats and left there until

the next milking, and again inserted

after milking. Keep this up until the





 





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difficulty is overcome. In case the





 





 





Chicago San Francisco Portland Toronto





 





 





When Writing to advertisers lease state that





 





COLON C. LILLIE.





you, saw their ad. in The »





 





lchigan Farmer.
Glucose as 21





NE of the great food questions

brought to light by the passage

of food and drug laws has been



the question of the status of glucose in



food products. Around the manufac~



ture and marketing of gluCose has



been built an enormous manufacturing



industry.



.American People Have a Well-develop-

ed Sweet Tooth.



The demand for syrups and sugars

has been such that it has produced an

enormous stimulus to chemists and

manufacturers, particularly in this

country. It is well known that among

the people of the earth the American

people have perhaps the highest per

capita consumption of sugar, and with

this being the case it is not strange

that this product, glucose, should have

reached perhaps its highest degree of

perfection and development in this

country. Attempt has been made for

a long time by scientists to simulate

in the laboratory and in the factory

the various processes in nature and re-

duce the crude raw materials of com-

merce to palatable nutritious foods.

Long before the advent of the break-

fast foods this was accomplished in

the case of glucose.



What is Glucose?



The term glucose is an adaptation of

the scientific name for glucose which

covers a certain type of sugars scien-

tifically known as glucose which have

a chemical formula corresponding to

six parts carbon, 12 parts hydrogen

and six parts oxygen, commonly writ-

ten C6H1206. It has been found in

the laboratory that this glucose pro-

duced in the human body is produced

from starchy foods. That is, when

starch is taken into the human system

one of the first acts of nature is to

change it. in part at least, into glucose.

So, inasmuch as this can be done, like-

wise, by an acid hydrolosis, using hy-

drochloric acid for this purpose and

producing as far as analytical results

are concerned, a product in part at

least identical with that produced by

nature in the body, the commercial

product gradually took on the name of

the natural product and the manufac-

tured article became known as glu-

cose. To distinguish it from the nat-

ural glucose formed in the body it has

been the custom to call the manufac-

tured article commercial glucose.



Commercial glucose is sold on the

markets of the country is a viscous

body of a consistency somewhat like

glycerine, and with a varied composi-

tion. It contains from 15 to 20 per

cent of water and consequently from

80 to 85 per cent of solid matters.

These 'solid constituents consist of dex-

trose sugar, maltose sugar, and dex-

trine, a product. which is always pro-

duced when starch undergoes hydro—

losis. ,



Glucose Got a Poor Start.



Glucose as a food product has had a

peculiar career. The history of its use

commercially is somewhat similar in

certain of its phases to the history of

the use of oleomargarine. Very few

have been willing to claim that oleo-

margarine is unwholesome; in the

same way few indeed have been will-

ing to claim that glucose is unwhole-

some, although the early manufacture

of glucose did not attain the degree of

perfection which it has in later years.



We can remember distinctly that the

attempt to feed honey-bees on glucose

years ago resulted quite disastrously

to the bees, without doubt due to the

imperfection of the manufacture of the

glucose. The glucose as manufactured

at the present time, however, we be-

lieve cannot be criticised from the



standpoint of imperfect manufacture.

It is a clean, apparently wholesome

product and we see no reason why it

should not have a fair entry into its

own market.



The Shortsighted Policy has Hurt



» Glucose.



One of the difficulties which arose





By FLOYD W. ROBISON.





evaporation of the juice of the corn





II:





Food" Produ'





   





over the early. sale of glucose came

about through the desire apparently of

the producers or salesmen of glucose

to insist that it shall take the place of

sugar. It is a sugar in a sense, but as

placed upon the market it is a manu—

factured article; manufactured in an

entirely different sense than is the

case with the manufacture of sugar.

The manufacture of sugar is simply a

question of purification; evaporation of

the sap and purification of the result-

ant sugar. The manufacture of glu-

cose is attendant upon the conversion

of a natural product by a mineral acid

into a sugar, and consequently it. may

be seen that the manufacture of the

two articles occupies an entirely dif-

ferent position in the field.



Glucose was used to adulterate sug-

ar syrups. It was used to adulterate

maple syrup and instead of being put

out exclusively in its own field under

its own true and distinctive name it

was pushed into the field of another

article and in oUr judgment on this ac—

count built up against itself an enor-

mous antagonism. The same thing has

applied to oleomargarine and we do

not understand why manufacturers of

these products should be so short-

sighted as not to see that the market-

ing of their product when handled in

such condition will forever be up-hill

work.



How Glucose Became Corn Syrup.



Some time ago the glucose company

became absorbed by, or changed its

name to, the Corn Products Refining

Company, and inasmuch as they man-

ufactured all or practically all of their

glucose from corn starch, they select-

ed the name corn syrup and corn sug-

ar, to properly designate their product.

We believed at the time, and believe

still, that corn syrup is not: a proepr

name for glucose. At the same time

we do realize that the selection of the

name glucose as the commercial name

was an unfortunate selection because

of its very name. The public in gen-

eral have a very vague understanding

indeed of what glucose really is.



It has been the custom of late years

to build into the name of a new pro-

duct the names of the ingredients

which go to make it up, and therefore

it is not. at all strange that the public

should think on that account that glu-

cose is a product derived in part at

least from the same kind of materials

which go to make glue. We are there-

fore heartily in sympathy with efforts

of the Corn Products Refining Com-

pany to secure a name for their pro-

duct by which it will be known com-

mercially and which will not be antag-

onized at the beginning through the

consumer’s misunderstanding. Corn

syrup it is not, because the word sy-

rup, in our judgment, when prefaced

by the name of its source, would mean

strictly a syrup produced by the evap-

oration of the juice of the corn plant.

Such a syrup has been made but we

understand has never been cominer~

cially produced. Sorghum syrup is

produced in this way; maple syrup is

produced in this way; cane syrup is

produced in this way; all true to their

names because they are the resultant

product caused by the evaporation of

the juice of that particular plant. Corn

syrup, the name by which glucose is

now known is not produced by the





plant. In fact it has no relationship

to the juice of the corn plant.



It is produced entirely by an acid

hydrolosis of the starch from the grain

of the corn plant, or in some of the

other countries, by acid hydrolosis of

the starch of potatoes. Any cereal or

product containing starch can be con-

verted into glucose and we apprehend

that if an occasion should arise where

there might be a plentiful supply of

potatoes and a scarcity of corn, this

product might be made more largely

from potato starch than from corn





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 





 





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Rick

PHUSPHAIE

pAYS





Five Tons of Alfalfa Per Acre





For- Seven Years





20 Tons Silage Pei- Acre

115 Bushels of Com

88% Bushels of Oats

, 52 Bushels of Wheat

This in the record of an averafie corn belt

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misfo- for "The Farm That Won't Wear

Out." and get. these yield. on your farm.

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(Continued on page 75).





 





 





 





 





     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





it“. We»: '





 





Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you

are writing to advertisers and you win dons a layer '
‘ LITERATURE

poem?

HISTORY one

INFORMATION





 





 





Flats Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week.“ 7 Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





‘17:: FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





 





HE farm folks have more elas-



ticity in their schedule than do



their city brothers. But one cus-

tom is more strictly adhered to in the

town than on the farm; and that is

the custom of vacations among steady

workers, except among the most unfor-

tunate classes.



And there is great good sense in the

vacation proposition. Even the em-

ployer has come to see that a week, or

two weeks, or four weeks, brings their

worker back with added brightness

and a renewed amount of that invalu-

able quality now universally known as

«pep.»



With the farmers and their families

the vacation proper is not as common

as it should be. From spring to fall





IillllllllllillIlllllllllllllllllllllll|IHIHill]IHIIIIHIHIHHIIIIHIUHIlllllHIIll!“”HIM!“HHIIIIIHHIIIHIHilllllHlIHIHIIHIIIHHHIHHHIHII”NIIHHIHHHHlH”HIHHHHIHIHIHHIHHIHHHHHHHIHHIHHHHMIMIHHHIH“IHHIHHIHHHHHH”lllllilllllillllHIIHIIIHIHHIHHIHHHHHIHHHHillHHHIHillllllHHIIHHIIIIHIIHHIIHIIHHHIHHIH





‘ WORLD EVENTS





Vacations ByF. J. YATES





there is always “something doin" to

prevent the members of the family

from getting off the farm-at least for

more than a very short period. I speak

of the grown-ups now, for the children

have their vacations, and though they

may do some work still “change is

rest,” in their case.



Everybody needs a vacation at least

once a’ year. They need to get out of

the rut, and to have time to take an

inventory of themselves. It can be

done if people are sufficiently deter-

mined If there is more than one wom-

an or man on the farm, turn about.





 





 





 





 





 





Troopers of111th‘ Cavalry Released‘by Mexicans 'Aft'er Capture at Carrizal.»





 





 





The rest will bring the vacationist

back to work with enough renewed en-

ergy to attack the added burden with-

out fatigue. If there is but one man

or woman—just father and mother—~

leave no stone unturned to make a va-

cation possible for each. Surely there

must be one week——if not two~be—

tween May and September when the

farm can be allowed to “go hang” while

Brown’s boy helps mother with the

chores, and father runs away for a

time with an old friend in town or

country, or lets the traces slacken in

any way which suits his fancy~as





 





IN PICTURES





long as mother sees they are really

slack. And surely father can fix it up

so mother can wave farewell to her

dishpan and broom—or vacuum clean-

er and patent dishwasher, if mother is

very up-to-date—while father feasts on

canned fruit and the baked stuff sent

in by sympathizing neighbors. (Be

very sure, mother, no neighbors ever

let a “lorn man” suffer for food if they

knew it). Just so each one gets their

“rest in change,” that is the important

point; let the details arrange them-

selves. _



But says someone, “We simply can’t

afford trips this year.” Well, cheer

up. Don’t pity yourself. A trip isn’t

absolutely necessary. There are other

ways of “rest in change.” Suppose you





Ill”HIlIIIHHHHHHIHIIHIHHHHIHHHIH”I!HIIIIHHIHHHHIHHHHHHHHllHIII“liI“llHHHIIHIIIIIHIHHH





 





 





 





 





 





 





copyright by Underwooth Undmood N. l.





French Cavalry Patrol Halts for a Trooper to Bid His Wife Adieu.
Jen long. Doesn’t matter if they live

. forty miles from you, you can drive

that. Or else fish, or loaf in the ham-

mock with fancy-work or books, .or

paste snapshots into your. kodak book

7 -—or do anything whatsoever you wish

to do and think it good fun. It’s your

vacation remember. But do have your

home vacation free from intrusion. If

necessary have a contract drawn and

signed by every member of the family

to the effect that they’ll let your vaca-

tion be a real one.

Oh, dear! Here’s a wail from a

. young father and mother all alone with

little children. I hear that wail from

forty different directions. How about

it? Take your vacation in bits. That

is much better than having none. Use

those days through the summer when

the work is light on both sides of the

house. Get up early, feed, milk, and

« turn out all but one nag, which nag is

to convey you to your vacation spot, if

you do not possess an automobile.

Chuck into your vehicle of transporta-

tion lunch, books, fancy work, maga-





over Billy‘s H





the only stipulations, pitch your his;

gage and proceed to' have one install-

ment of that vacation. Pull off the

children’s shoes and stockings and

turn them loose to play. Then simply

loaf and invite your souls in any direc-

tion you wish.



If you have a neighboring family

which is very congenial invite them

along———if not, don’t. You are after re-

laxation and rest and a comfortable

speaking acquaintance with nature.

Don’t begin to say you have all the

nature you want on the farm. What

man ever enjoyed a sunset while he

was trying to drive a bunch of pigs

back through a gap in the fence? What

woman ever got the most out of the

beauty of the out of doors while she

was pulling onions for supper. It takes

a genius to do that, and you and I are

just plain folks. No, to hear the voice

of nature you musn’t be making so

much noise yourself that she can’t get

a,“show-down.” But, whatever you do

folks, be sure to get that vacation.





mmmliwmiilmulllHIUHIHHHHllllllllilllilllNillllillIillllHillllllilllllllllllilll[NIHllllIll|IlllllilllllllIHIIHIHIIIIHHHHIIIIIIIIIHIINHHIHHIHlllIIINNIIHIIINIlllHHIIHNIIIIHI|llllIllllllllllllllllllllll





In Sheep’s Clothing





By ANNA





HOEBE ANN TRENT knelt upon



a newspaper and stirred up the



rich moist soil with her trowel.

She was planting tiny scarlet sage

plants which would grow and flourish

about the little green-shuttered cot-

tage, and in the late summer burst in~

to a profusion of vivid blooms.



She sniffed the pleasant earthy smell

and breathed in the warm balmy air.

Someone down the village street. was

beating carpets -—she could hear the

steady whack~whack. Signs of spring

were everywhere. The gate clicked,

the gravel crunched under a heavy

footfall.



“Prob'ly the grocer’s boy,” thought

Miss Trent as she pushed the dirt firm-

ly about the roots of a plant with her

thin, worn fingers.



“Good-morning, sister,”

voice.



She looked up. A large man wear-

ing a very black broadcloth suit and a

very small white lawn necktie stood

beside her. He had a smiling, florid

face. The sun reflected'upon his pol-

ished glasses and sent minute golden

gleams from the fillings in his teeth.



“A minister,” decided Miss Trent and

rose stiffly to her feet, She quickly

tucked in the white curls which had

strayed from the smooth bands at her

forehead.



“Good-morning, sir. Won’t you come

in?” She led the way into the house.

Wiping his feet carefully upon the mat,

he followed her into the neat front

room, and seated himself in a large

haircloth chair which Miss Trent in

dicated.



He laid his hat on the carpet beside

him, and clearing his throat began:

“Howardson is my name, Joseph How-

ardson. My esteemed friend, Deacon

Hewitt, has been telling me of your

work in the Sunday school, sister, and

I felt called to meet you.”



Miss Trent smoothed her white ap-

ron and flushed with pleasure. “I have

only done my duty, sir,” she protested

modestly.



“My dear sister, you have nobly car-

ried out the work the Lord has called

you to. The deacon spoke of your

faithful attendance at church. ‘Thou

has been faithful over a few things, I

will make thee ruler over many

things,’ ” he quoted piously.



_ “The deacon himself never misses a

Sunday,” remarked Miss Trent thought—

fully.



“A noble man, sister, and a noble

husband.”



“The deacon’s a good Christian man,

and I suppose he is a good husband.

Some folks think he’ s a little close to-

‘.ward Maria”



' " “Close? Why, do you know what





\





said a deep





E. BLEY.





Deacon Hewitt has done, sister?” Mr.

Howardson hesitated. “I do not know

that I should mention it—~it is a little

matter between the deacon and my-

self. On account of my great friend'-

ship for him, I have been able to do

him a slight favor.”



“Oh, I should never think of men-

tioning it to Deacon Hewitt,” Miss

Trent hastened to tell him.



Mr. Howardson looked cautiously

around. “There are no eavesdroppers

about, sister?——no one who would be-

tray our confidence ?”



“Oh, no, John Paxson—he’s my

boarder—~clerks down at the coalyard.”



“l have always been an earnest lab-

orer,” he commenced, “in the Lord’s

vineyard, and He has greatly blessed

me in the work. About a year ago, I

was conducting services through the

state of Nevada—a very godless coun-

try, sister—when I came across a mine

being worked by a small company of

Christian men. These men were work

ing very hard, for the mine is exceed-

ing rich. Why, Sister Trent, I have

seen nuggets of .gold as large as goose

eggs.”



“You don’t say!”

Trent.



“Yes, ma’am, as large as goose eggs,

and if we could get the proper machin-

ery, there is no limit to what that mine

would produce.”



“You’re interested, then, yourself?”



“Yes,” replied Mr. Howardson. “I

have had a little more experience with

the world than my poor hard-working

brothers, and together we have formed

a company, it being my blessed privi-

lege to bring it before a select few, and

let them buy the shares before the gen-

eral public learns of it——-to let them in

on the ground floor, as it were.”



“We don‘t have much confidence in

gold mines here in the east,” came

from Miss Trent a little sharply,



Mr. Howardson looked hurt. “My

dear sister, I think you misunderstand

me. I am not selling stock. You are

perfectly correct: never allow yourself

to be taken in by anyone selling gold-

mining stock. All the good mines can

dispose of their stock right there at

the mines, as I was—”



“Oh, I hope you'll excuse me, sir.

I’ve been warned so often against in-

vesting money since father died, that

I'm over-particular.”



Mr. Howardson’s face lighted up.

“We were spe'aking of my friend, Dea-

con Hewitt.”



“Yes, you said that you had been

able to favor him.”



“Did I say that his father and mine

were boys together?



“No; is that so ?"



“To be sure: and Mrs. Hewitt and





ejaculated Miss





est picnic spot, wood and water being-





sible that Mario. Peterson has been

maried forty years!”



“Y es, ma’ am, forty years; and as I.

little surprise for her, I have let the

deacon have one thousand shares of

Zenith stock for a mere trifle.”



“One thousand shares!”

Trent’s eyes bulged.



“Yes, ma’am, one thousand shares,

at the absurd and ridiculous sum of

twenty-five cents a share.”



That’s two hundred and fifty dol-

lars,” ventured Miss Trent.



“Yes, ma’am; and do you know what

that will be worth inside of six

months?” He leaned forward and his

voice sank to an impressive whisper:

“One thousand dollars.”



“For the land’s sake!

sible?”



“My dear sister, that is why I call

Deacon Hewitt a noble husband, one

of the Lord’s chosen few. On the twen-

ty-fourth day of next October, Mrs.

Hewitt will have a purse containing

one thousand dollars in gold handed to

her, a handsome gift from a loving hus-

band to his partner throughout life’s

trials and tribulations for forty years.”



Miss Trent rocked rapidly back and

forth. Maria Hewitt, who had worn

the same black dress made over and

sponged for nine years, to be given one

thousand dollars! She herself had ov-

er four hundred dollars in the Saving

Fund in town. The possibilities turned

her dizzy.



“You have a pretty place here, Sis-

ter Trent.” Mr. Howardson’s kindly

voice broke in upon her reflections.



“Yes, I’ve always lived here.” She

recollected that the cottage needed

painting.



“W'ell, I must be going,” Mr. How-

ardson rose. “Of course, Sister Trent,

you will not mention the little affair

of the Deacon’s to anyone? I should

not wish it to get to his cars. It

would seem like boasting, and, of

course, the Lord has put it in my way

to help a Christian brother.”



“Oh, no,” promised Miss Trent ner-

vously. “Are you leaving Sanders-

ville for good?”



“No; the deacon has asked me to

conduct the prayer—meeting this even.

ing.”



“Is that so? Then, I’ll hearyou

preach for I never let anything inter-

fere with prayer-meeting.” .



“I like to hear you say that. If I can

do you a favor at any time, remember

that you can call upon Joseph Howard-

son;” and with a gentle pressure of

the hand and a “God bless you, sister,”

Mr. Howardson took his leave.



A few ”minutes later John Paxson

came in for his lunch and found Miss

Trent bustling about to get it ready in

time.



“Who was your visitor, Aunt Phoebe

Ann ?” he inquired as he sat down at

the table.



“Why, John, that was a very dear

friend of Deacon Hewitt’s. He’s going

to conduct prayer-meeting tonight.”



“I thought he looked like a preach-

er,” he said.



“Yes; he used to be an evangelist

out west. He is a very godly man,

John.” ,



“What’s he doing now?” asked John,

putting a spoonful of green tomato

pickle on his plate.



“Well, I don’t know exactly. Maybe

he’s on east for a rest.” Miss Trent

passed him a cup of tea. They ate in

silence for a few minutes.



“John, do you know anything about

gold mines?” questioned Miss Trent.



John looked up, his knife and fork

suspended in midair. “Don’t you ever

touch mining-stock, Aunt Phoebe Ann,”

he admonished solemnly. “Why, do

you know that all the stock of mines

that are any good at all can be sold

right out there on the spot? They

don’t have to come east to peddle it

around.”



Miss Trent's cheeks glowed.

was precisely what Mr.

had said.



“Oh, no, John.





Miss





Is that pos-





That

Howardson





I wouldn't think of





dishes. Her checks were pink and

her eyes sparkled

son said he’d do me a favor; I hate to

ask it, but he seemed real friendly. If

I’d draw out four hundred dollars—4W

October it’d be worth sixteen hundred

dollars. I’d put a clean thousand in

bank, and then with the six hundred

I could get things I’ve been needing

for years. I’d have the house painted

——I wouldn’t want it done befOre fall

anyway—have the roof fixed, and a

new fence. I’d get an enamel bed and

new mattress for John’s room, and a

new carpet and lace curtains for the

parlor. I could put the old curtains in

my bedroom ;” and her imagination

flew as she picked over the spinach for

upper.



Then she sat down at the sunny

kitchen window with a tablet the insur-

ance man had left, and a pencil. The

doctor’s wife was going by. In spite

of the mild weather, she still wore her

long fur coat, thrown open at the neck,

and showing her'ruffled white waist

beneath. Miss Trent peeped between

the geraniums on the window~sill and

watched her.



“She does look awful stylish,” she

commented. “If I got all that money,

there’s no earthly reason why I should

not have a fur coat too. I seem to feel

the cold so these last few winters.”



Miss Trent busily figured on the tab-

let. “It would be nice if I could make

the Sunday school a present of a new

carpet,” she meditated. “Fifty dollars

would get a real handsome and dura-

ble one.” She could see the minister

standing in the pulpit and could hear

him say, “Our Sunday school is greatly

indebted to Sister Trent for the gener-

ous gift of a handsome new carpet.

May the Lord bless her and prosper

her through all her days.”



Her blue eyes grew misty, and other

little gifts that she might make came

to her mind. Then another thought—

there were the twenty-five dollars in





IllIIIIIIIIHIIIHNIHHIIIlllllllllllllllll|llllllllllllillllllllllllllilllllllllHI||l!ll"IIIfllllllllllllfllIllllllllmlllll

A PICTURE FOR MOTHE





 





BY ALICE A. LARKIN.



There are many days to celebrate,

They come and go each year,



There may be one of them right now.

That’s surely drawing near.



I always like them, every one,

Some better than the rest,



But mother’s birthday comes today,

And that is just the best.





I staid awake one night and tried

To think of something nice

To give to her this very day;

I wanted her advice,

For mother knows

things,

When birthdays come along,

But’ course I couldn’t say a word;

I knew ’twould be wrong.





such splendid





For everyone had planned a s’prise,

From birthday cards to cake;

There didn’t seem to be a thing





 





 





A little girl could make.



So I just wondered to the lot

And talked to Bonny Bess;

She understood me pretty well,



And pitied me, I guess.





I tried to shade her from the sun;

I scared the flies away,



And then along came Uncle Ned,

And deary me, but say—



He pulled a camera from his coat,

And snapped both Bess and me;



So here is mother’ 5 birthday ':ft

Just think how 3 ’prised she’ be.





 

 

 

 

 





“Brother Howard- ‘





     





 





 

   

 

 

   

 





 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





2‘ ‘~_ _.. “WW- »





i.\___~__~_ ,..,. m , s. _

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2‘ M‘__ _.. “W' s,





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(“WM ,._A a“.





 





 





berry. . .

' Ar prize consisting of a dainty china out a marketing system for cottage And the” Harvest trophies are loaves





‘ inggthe most pertectset of answers. erseVCity on a rural mail route.





7 p, , . ‘ _ berry; ‘4, gooseherr'yj; 6,-‘bulr‘alo berry;

. . . ‘ Pt'hen become Ethimble berty; 7, raspberry; 8, won:

1 One hundred‘dollars. How the super- der berry; 9, salmon berry; 10, straw-

intendent and teachers would rise up berry. -



and call her blessed! , After the contest was over refresh-



That evening she had supper wait- ments were served on the porch.

ing for John, and he noticed an air of Strawberry and blackberry Shortcake

suppressed excitement inall her move- proved most appetlzmg after the so-

mentg, journ in the grounds and berry toes of



“Then supper was over and John had all kinds were also served. A fruit

gone out, she put on her shabby little salad containing strawberries proved

bonnet, reflecting that it would not be very popular and for those who de-

extravagant to get a new one when she clared themselves particularly hungry

went to town, a bonnet with a few lav- there was deliCiOUS berry pie. Noth-

ender or white flowers to relieve it. ing was served that did not closely re-

She locked the front door and slipped late to berries or contain berries in

the key under the mat. one form or another.



W'hen she reached the church, she After the appetites 0f the guests had

was astonished to find that they were been satisfied, old-fashioned romping

going to hold prayer-meeting in the games were Played on the lawn while

main bodv. Ezra Smith the sexton, those inclined swung in the hammocks

told her that they had too many out or lounged in the wicker chairs until

for the Sunday school room. She walk- it was time to take their berry-filled

ed in, silently, moved into her seat, baskets and start for home. Upon ar-

and reverently bowed her head. When riving home it was found that each

she'settled back, she noticed how well- basket contained a tiny jar 0f thiCk

filled the place was. The minister and cream hidden away beneath the berries

Brother Howardson sat on either side SO that the homefolks might have a

of the pulpit; Deacon and Mrs. Hewitt taste of the pleasures of the berry fes—

were conspicuous in a front pew. - tival,” an event that was remembered



(Concluded next week.) long after more conventional enter-

tainments were forgotten.





 





mud on!" use





 





 





GLUCOSE AS A FOOD PRODUCT.





A Berry Festival





By F. H. Mcrrimau





 





(Continued from page 72).



‘ 'HE invitations were unique. One starch. If the contention of the adv0«

sunny morning the parcel post- cates of corn syrup is correct: it would

man delivered tiny wooden ber- be proper in such a case to call that



ry baskets filled with green excelsior syrup potato SYI‘UD, bUt We apprehend

“grass” in which nestled half a dozen that the manufacturer would not care

luscious red strawberries. The con- to do this. Corn SYI‘UD should fill a

tents of the baskets removed, revealed VPI‘Y distinctive place in the human

the invitations written upon the inside dietary. It is a nice DI‘OdUCt to use

of the baskets themselves. They con- when bOdY is required without exces-

sisted of an approaching date and the sive sweetness. It is used where most

address of a young couple who had rc- other SYTUDS are used and has some

cently purchased a home. advantages over sugar. It does not



The following Friday the guests as- crystallize; in fact the addition of



sembled at the designated address and small quantities 0f glucose 01‘ corn 53"

found themselves in a veritable gar- rup will prevent the crystallization of

den of berries of all descriptions. A cane sugar from a SYI'UD- W79 believe

flourishing orchard Surrounded the that, its use in fOOd prOdUClS Should be

house but between the wide rows were designated on the label in some way

berry bushes and vines of every de- or another. W'e think it should not be

scription. Awide table upon the roomy used in prepared fOOdS except it be

porch held an assortment of long-hand- stated on the label, and we see no

led baskets and beside this the hostess l‘ault With a law WhiCh T9QUi1‘G‘S ‘1

received her guests. She explained statement of the percentage of glucose

that they wished their friends to par- used on the label.



ticipate in their first berry harvest and The Label Should State the FaCt-

each one present was given a basket These conditions of distinction un-

and told to fill it with their choice of del‘ the law have been brought about

the themes which grew upon the place. because it has been necessary for the



The baskets were not too large and public to take these steps to prevent



the work of picking the berries pro— the adulteration of standard syrup and

gressed merrily. Raspberries, straw— products containing sugar With glu-

berries and blackberries grew in pro- cose, not in the sense that it is an un-

fusion together with a few rows of safe fOOd DrOdUCt for we believe no

logan berries. “Nature faking” in the claim will be made at the present. time

shape of candy raspberries attached to on these grounds 1““ because its em-

green shrubs puzzled some for a mo- ployment cheapens the‘ I’l'OdUCt and

ment and added to the merriment. Al- therefore works an injustice upon the

so, green gooseberries were found consumer; as well——(and this should

plentil'ully impaled upon rose thorns be thoroughly borne in mind), as well

and it was not discovered for some as upon the manufacturer of rigidly

time that these emerald tokens “blaz- pure fOOd products.



ed” the way to a spot where a basket Food laws are designed not only to

of wild gooseberries lay half hidden protect the manufacturer of food pro-

under the roses so that those who we ducts who is trying to deliver to the

ferred the tart berry might not be dis— consumer an unsophisticated article,

appointed. and it becomes fully as much the duty



After the berries were picked and of the Dairy and Food Department to



the baskets fined and set away the protect the. honest manufacturer of

guests assembled upon the porch and pure food products as it is to DFOtE‘Ct

were given sheets of paper upon which the consumer of these products. If we

the following guessing contest was allow an unscrupulous manufacturer,

Written: one who deals in low-grade and adul-





 





1, A berry that pertains to the law. terated products, to have entry into

2. A mourning berry. the markets of the state without being

3. A moisture berry_ compelled to disclose in a plain man-

4, A foolish berry. her the true character of those pro‘

5, An animal berry. ducts, the government has been lax in

(3_ A berry that is used in the sew- its duty to its honest citizens and legit-

jng room. imate manufacturers.

7. A rough berry.

8. A marvelous berry. ONE WOMAN’S SUCCESS





9. A fish berry—often canned.

10. An aftermath of the haying





 





been willing to experiment has worked





berry setwas given to the person hav- cheese. She is eight miles out of Trav-

' Her





\





Cheer on the side lines and stamp your





A Grand Traverse woman who has For the pluckiest team of the season





When the Farmer wins, the World is





ity ' andr-





 





lr-e served by mud corner..- 3

business is solicited by mail and tele-

phone and the cheese goes forward by

parcel post, it being delivered in the

city the some day as mailed with the

rural carrier.



A fancy product is being produced

and an effort is made to cater to that

trade which is not particular about

price if only a high grade article is de-

livered. It is expected that eventually

a list of customers will be secured who

will take one or two pounds of the pro-

duct each week.



A price of 20 cents a pound, plus the

parcel post charges, has been put upon

the product. This means 25 cents for

a one-pound package delivered, 46

cents for a two-pound package. As

packages are attractive as well as the

product being of a high quality, it is

believed that the price is sufliciently

low to insure the marketing of the en-

tire output.



It took several trials to work out the

container phase of the problem. Car-

tons of the right dimensions for one-

pound bricks of cheese or butter are

used. These are substantial enough

for the mails when sent singly, and

when more than a pound goes in a sin-

gle order boxes of corrugated straw-

board, holding two cartons each, are

used.





 





THE FARMER’S GAME.





 





BY DORA K. STOCKMAN.





A blood-red dawn, and a sullen sky.



The leaves hang limp; from the field

near by



“Bob White, W'heat’s ripe,” calls the

busy cock



Where the quails breakfast at the fin-

est shock.





The keen farmer reads the weather

signs



As he buckles the straps and snaps the

lines~



“Get your forks, boys, quick. Get. into



the game.



That wheat must be ill before the



rain." ,





Across the field dance the prancing





ays

Catching the spirit; the wide rack

sways

And bumps and rumbles at every jump

Grazing the gate and hanging a stump.





“Whoa.” They stop between shock-

rows



Then the pitchers begin with eager

throws;





Bundles to right and bundles to left

The catcher shifts them with pitchfork

deft.





Row upon row piles up on the rack





To a golden mound like a moving

stack;



A race to the barn, sprint her up in

the sling,





A trip and a drop, make the “home

run” swing.



“Ore inning, play ball,” shouts the



Captain, gay,



Ice cream, if we beat Storm King, to-

day



With our Harvest team.

der's to bat



Each swing of his club makes a rumb-

ling crack.”





Old Thun~





 





The second inning is quickly done,



Like the lightning’s flash are the bun-

dles flung;



Panting and puffing they pile up the

score .



With the fourth load entering the big

barn door.





The fifth is a rusher, with bundles to





bat



The murky clouds are as black as your

hat;



The streaks of lightning chalk up the

score



As the sixth “home run” bumps





through the door.

“Just onenmore load. Now boys, play

A crastliallsThOIIgll the heavens would

And a blinding flash like the noonday

Show tslllltr} last load in and the game is



won.



eet



has beat;



of bread





ted.





 





   





 





1'.w¢%u&h‘





e. T

' ' l -'

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g E Save

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only a 2 HP. / ---— pa- do:

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o
Simple Diet for





ABIT rather than instinct guides

civilized man in the choice of

foods,” says Mrs. Ellen H. Rich-



ards. Teach children to eat plain

I foods. Do not discuss your likes and

dislikes before them, for a chance re-

mark may form a dislike for a food

that has much value.





Childhood differs from maturity in.





its needs. The adult requires food

that yields energy, with just enough

protein to keep the body in repair.

The child requires food for growth as

well as energy and repair. His diges-

tive organs are ‘not fully developed, so

the food given must be easily digested.



Milk ranks high because it contains

all of the foodstuffs with the exception

of starch. In the feeding of the young

child nothing can take its place; for

the child from four to ten years of age

it is estimated that from one and one-

half pints to one quart daily is desir-

able. This amount includes that used

with cereals, cream soups, cocoa, veg-

etables, etc.



Eggs, fresh and properly cooked,

should form an important part of the

child’s diet. Remember always to cook

them at a low temperature, as a high

temperature makes the albumen tough

and hard to digest. They can be

peached either in water or milk, soft-

boiled, scrambled, coddled, or baked.

The white is more easily digested than

the yolk and occasionally it is better

to give only the white. One a day can

be given, and, after the third year,

sometimes two a day. .



Meats. Authorities differ as to the

use of meats and broths, some giving

them after the second year, and some

not until after the eighth year. If they

are used, only the most easily digested,

as beef, lamb and chicken, should be

given. When given to very young

children, meat should be scraped and

broiled, because of the difficulty of

chewing it. When milk and eggs are

used freely children are well fed with-

out the use of meats.



Bread. Fresh or hot breads are not

easily digested, so should not be given

to children. Zweibach, stale bread or

properly made toast can be used free-

ly. Children usually like brown breads

and they make a pleasant change in

, the diet.



Cereals contain all the foodstuffs,

but the larger part is starch. Oats and

"corn contain more fat than the others,

so give more heat. Because of the large

amount of starch found in them cer-

eals require long cooking to make

them palatable and digestible. The

bran found in rolled oats and wheat

sometimes proves iritating, but this is

usually Overcome by longer cooking.

Cream of wheat, farina, or something

similar can be substituted. The ready-

.cooked cereals are not recommended

for young children. Milk or cream can

be served with cereals, but no sugar or

syrup. Dates, raisins, or figs, finely

chopped, can be added to a cooked cer-

~ eaI about five minutes before serving.



Vegetables. Uncooked vegetables

should not be given to young children,

but mild flavored ones, as spinach, as—

_ paragus, peas or string beans, that

, . have been cooked and mashed fine, can

. be used. Older ones can have baked,

Amashed or creamed potatoes, squash,

‘beets or carrots. Before ten years of

.age, children should not be fed cab-

._ bags, lima beans, corn or egg plant

Fruits and sugars. Fruits are valua-

" but take care in choosing them.





 





At Home and Elsewl') ere





—_—W





{T ' 33g , Y)





 





 





 





Young Children





Under five years of age it is better to

give only cooked fruits and the juice

of fresh fruits. Orange juice and the

pulp of prunes can be given daily, as

they are rich in iron. Dates, figs and

raisins can be stewed with little or no

sugar and used freely. Bananas can be

baked, but if served raw the stringy

portion should be scraped off. Children

under six years of age are better off

without candy, but after that it can be

given occassionally at the close of a

meal. Do not give it between meals.

Desserts. Fruits, sponge cake, angel





food orother very plain cakes can be,





used; simple puddings, made of eggs,

milk, corn starch. etc., are also suit-

able. 5



Beverages. Water and milk are the

only ones that should be given before

six years of age; after that cocoa can

be given, if we remember that cocoa

and milk are food as well as drink. Ex-

clude tea and coffee from the diet as

long as possible.





WHEN IT’S TOO HOT TO SLEEP.





 





11v 1.01.11 c. PARKER.



One of the less expensive ways to

get cooled off after a day’s work is the

sponge bath. This is as good as the

shower bath and requires nothing ex-

pensive in the way of equipment ex-

cept a tin basin, a soft cloth and a lit—

tle water. A cold bath is good in the

morning, but it tends to keep one

awake. The evening bath should be a.

little warm, the water about 100 de-

grees. Use a soft towel and pat the

body dry without rubbing.



Avoid heating or over-stimulating

foods. Eat cereals, fresh fruits and

vegetables. Avoid an all-cold meal ev-

en on the hottest days. Have hot choc-

olate, or other hot drink with cold

food, or one hot dish, an omelet or

creamed vegetable, with a cold drink.

Iced water should be taken very spar-

ingly.



Sleep out of doors if possible. A

sleeping porch is not an absolute nec-

essity, but a big piece of mosquito net-

ting is. This should be large enough'

to cover the sleeper and his cot or

hammock. If it is not possible to sleep

out of doors then keep all of the win-

dows open, and have the sleeping-

rooms clean and free from flies. The

less furniture and drapery there is in

the summer sleeping-room the better.



A strip of matting spread between

the sheet and the mattress will make

a cooler bed. A pad of newspapers

basted together and put under the

sheet will also help. A sheet wrung

out of cold water and hung at a win-

dow or door will lower the tempera-

ture of the room appreciably while it

is drying . If the general health is

maintained, proper food eaten, and

cleanliness observed, the danger from

heat prostration will be reduced to the

minimum.





WARNING TO MOTHERS IN SWA'T-

THE- FLY CAMPAIGN.





 





The tendency at this time of the

year of the health authorities in vari?

ous cities of the middle west to offer

a premium of 10'cents a hundred for





dead flies in connection with their





clean-up campaign brings up for dis-

cussion an important question of sani-

tation and hygiene. If a fly, alive, is a

possible bearer of death through the

disease germs which it carries on its





body, how do children who swat the

fly and then carefully preserve the de-

composing bodies for the coveted 10

cents a hundred escape infection

through the same germs?



Apparently, through zeal in these





wars of extermination, those in authoru





ity have overlooked a most dangerous

feature of the movement. Swat the fly,

of course, but burn him up immediate-

ly because he is more filthy dead than

he ever could be alive. ‘ Decomposition

adds to the menace. »





To instruct children to “swat flies”

and accumulate them until they have

enough to bring in and collect 10 cents

a hundred seems nothing short of a

crime against modern sanitation. It

would be a dangerous practice for

grown people who took every posible

precaution against infection; but for

children to carry dead flies with their

hands and then perhaps handle food

without washing is almost certain to

spread every disease that flies are

known to carry.





The only possible way, from a sani-

tary standpoint in which flies could be

caught and preserved for the estimat-

ing of their number would be on. a

sheet of sticky fly paper which em-

balms the flies’ bodies with a glue

which prevents germs from spreading.

This _1night add to the difficulty of es-

timating the exact number but it would





 





An Ideal Sport Suit of Purple and

Green Jersey.





be near enough for all practical pur-





poses. And it would protect children

from probable infection in the very 'dis-

eases against which the fly campaign

is supposed to protect them and would

teach them to regard the fly as the

deadly insect he is instead of encour-

aging them to regard him as an object

of familiarity and indifference.





NATURE PLANNED FOR A BAL-

ANCED RATION.





 





13x 11. A. L.

The necessity of a balanced ration

for human beings is shown in‘rvarious





~ways. .The person who eats one kind





of food only, as starches and sugars,

and cuts out milk, eggs, and lean

meats is never in- the best of'health,

any more ”‘than the one who overtu-

dulges‘in proteins. A safe and sane

combination of the various elements is

the only guarantee_of-g00d digestion,

which usually means good health. '

But the result of the balanced ration,

good health, is not the only evidence

nature gives of its desirability".- « The?

digestivthract-ritself shows us that na-





.- ' I '?





mayonnaise





 

 





ture designed we should thrive on cer-





tain elements, for certain organs of the.





body have been especially prepared to

digest the different food elements.



The starches are converted into

sugar in the mouth by the action of

the saliva. That is, they are if we

chew them sufl‘iciently to give the di-

gestive fluid time enough to act. But

all too often we swallow the soft-cook-

ed cereals, vegetables and baked goods

at a gulp, giving the saliva no chance

to digest them, and then chew relig-

iously the lean meat which is digested

by the gastric juice in the stomach. It

often seems a pity that nature didn’t

reverse things and use the stomach for

starchy digestion, since the wisest of

us are apt to swallow the starches

without sufficient chewing. We can

see the necessity for thorough masti~

cation of the starchy foods when we

eat hard, dry toast, dry crackers, a

crust of bread or any other starch

which forces us to chew it long and

carefully. The longer we chew it, the

sweeter it becomes, showing us that

sugar has been formed and the process

of digestion alread ybegun.



The stomach,,into which the food

passes, secretes the gastric juice which

digests the proteins, or the lean meat,

eggs and other animal foods we eat,

together with the legumes, or peas,

beans and lentils. This juice changes

milk into curds, which explains Why so

many people can not drink milk. It is

'because they swallow it quickly in





huge mouthfuls and a mass of curds is.





formed in the stomach, causing dis-

tress. If the milk is sipped slowly in

small mouthfuls so that small, separate

curds are formed there is seldom any

difl'iculty about its digestion.



From the stomach the food passes to

the intestines where the fats are brok-

en up by the pancreatic juice and in-

testinal juices, the waste products

eliminated and the thoroughly digest-

ed parts which have not already been

absorbed are taken up by the blood.



This provision for the digestion of





all sorts of food is conclusive proof .





that the body needs all the elements.

While we might find all we need in the

various vegetables, cereals, nuts and

fruits, the greater ease, of digesting the

animal proteins points to an economy

in nature which we would be foolish to

overlook.





RECIPES.





 





Rye Bread—To make two loaves of

good rye bread, take one pint of bread

sponge, one large cup of rye flour, the

same of yellow cornmeal, scalded and

cooled, one tablespoonful of melted

butter, one of molasses, and a little

salt. Knead with white flour. When

light bake in a ,moderate oven. -——M.

A. P.



A Company Dish. —-Pile hot mashed

potatoes, which have been whipped till

very light, into a large tureen or bak-

ing dish. Now carefully scOop out the

center and into the hollow empty the

contents of a can of salmon from





.which the bones have been removed.





Cover carefully with a layer of pota—

toes, put grated crumbs over all, and

brown in the oven.—Reader. _



Log Cabin Salad—Peel and cut in

four pieces lengthwise, two bananas,

and place in orange juice for half an

hour. Place on individual serving.

plates in log cabin fashion and fill with

one cup of fresh or canned cherries,

stoned, which have been dressed with





”t





 





 





 





 





 





   





Garnish;— with, sprays of

Lcurly parsley and serve very cold.





 





   





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





~flfimgflm m! awn





"Wm ..





my»... “ '





n «‘2 may}... .» ‘~ ..
“l“ ,

range.





. Emmmmummmuwwmmmuug



Our ,Mottof—“The farmer is of more

consequence than the farm, and should

be first improved.”





OCEANA POMONA.





 





 

 





 





 





Oceana Pomona Grange met with

Walkerville Grange, Saturday, June 17.

The day came at the end of a rainy

week, and the roads were very muddy

except such roads as are never muddy,





 

 

 





of our people, we have a goodly num-

ber of miles.



There are twelve Granges in good

standing in Oceana county at this date,

and eight of them were represented at

the meeting. Seven of this number

were on hand in the morning, which

fact counts because it promises well

for the rest of the day.



Memorial exercises were conducted

and were in charge of our chaplain,

Sister Evans. We were reminded of

the uncertainty of life by the fact that

only one or two Granges reported no

deaths during the year just closed. It

is the custom of Oceana Pomona to

hold meromial exercises at its June

meeting, and we want to commend this

practice to any Pomona that has not

been in the habit of thus honoring

those of its members who may have

finished their earthly labors.



Reports of Subordinate Granges in-

dicated little change in the condition

of Granges throughout the county, al-

though two of the number have made

i very rapid growth during the last few

i months. Elbridge Center Grange re-



- ported that within a year the member-

, ship had more than doubled, and that

‘- , they were having an average attend-

" ance of 80 per cent. Surely this is a





I. mark high enough to aim at, and Well

‘3 worthy of emulation. Crystal Grange,

', too, has become a rural center. Mem-

r 2 bership is increasing, and what is





much better, the Grange is finding and

doing its work.



I always hesitate to say much about

the dinner at a Pomona meeting. It

might as well be taken for granted

that the dinner is perfect. But good

as they all are, if we were to draw a

line denoting the average, we should

put the kind of dinners furnished by

Walkerville Grange considerably above

that line. The fact that a number of



l the company had traveled from 20 to

25 miles to eat there, after doing no

small amount of chores at home, did

not lessen our power of appreciation

at this point.



When Master Goodridge called the

meeting to order after dinner, the hall

was full. Everyone joined in the op-

ening song, and Rev. B. 0. Shaw of-

fered prayer.



5 Rev. Shaw also gave the address of



a welcome. He said in part: “We wel-



come the Pomona Grange and mem-

bers of the Order in the county, to

is Walkerville, because the Grange



. stands for “Organization of farmers.”



I have come nearly 200 miles since

yesterday morning, and at one time I

feared I might not be here to perform

this pleasant duty. We welcome you

because the Grange stands for better

agriculture, better schools and church-

es, and better and more progressive

community life. We Welcome the

Grange because of its work in the

great cause of temperance, and its ef~



/ forts along many other lines of right



living.” I wish we might give Brother

Shaw’s address in full, but the lack of

space forbids.





We have often said that in our Po-

mona programs, we should bring to-

gether the best matter obtainable in

the county. To do this, is vastly bet-

‘ ' ter than to depend on state speakers

. to do the work that our Order was in-



‘ . stitumd to help us to accomplish for



ourselves. Not that we would discour—



age the securing of state speakers at



Pomona meetings. 0n the contrary,



‘ we would have an outside speaker at



two or more meetings of Pomona dur-

, .ing the year. We would get the very



*' t One obtainable'and then advertise.





 





«.55 .msswi 5’5 M» i - ..





in.

m





 





w





 





.4“





 





‘ Non»... ”~qu t...mr.x~s.,l. “A.





 





 

 

 

 





of which class, thanks to the enterprise





But at each meeting we would try to

bring together a splendid variety of

good things from different parts of the'

county, things that are worth coming

out to hear—all the more appreciated

because our own people have rendered

them.





of the richest things we have listened

to for a long time was a reading by





Sister Aldrich, of Crystal Valley

Grange. She chose the story of “The

Ruggles Party,” from “The Birds’





Christmas Carol.”

preted this beautiful story as I have

never heard it done before.

ored the author and performed a very,

helpful service for many who listened.





getting out a crowd to a Pomona meet—

ing if they can listen to numbers like

that.





writer, and all he can say about it is

that he is alive and hopes that all who

listened to it can say as much.





people of our good Pomona. ‘We have

not the largest organization of the kind

in Michigan, we do not get out as large

numbers at our meetings as gather in

some of the more popular counties, but

the great law of compensation operates

here, for at least a part of what we

lack in numbers, we make up in true

Grange spirit.

who are not only faithful, but are in

touch with members of the Order

throughout the county, and what is

vastly more important, they are al-

ways at peace with each other.





the reputation of one of the good

strong Pomona Granges of Michigan,

I want to close this report by saying

that Oceana County Pomona, Grange

has a mission to the county generally,

to the people of the country in partic-

ular, and is trying with a large meas-

ure of success to accomplish that .

mission;





 





EmullllllllllllulllllllllllllllllIiiIllllIllImllllllllllmlIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllfiI

Address all_ communications relative





llllllll





 





Clubs of Central Michigan and all

others interested. Date, Wednesday,

August 16, 1916. Place, Michigan Ag-

ricultural College—W. L. Cheney, Sec‘

retary, Mason, Mich.





CLUB DISCUSSIONS.





 





Side Lines for the Farmer.——~The

July meeting of the Burton Farmers’

Club was held at the hospitable home

of Mr. and Mrs. M. L. Peterson and

daughters on July 6.

Mrs. E. B. Putnam, called the Club to

order and all joined in singing “The

Star Spangled Banner. Several inter-

esting topics were taken up, among

them being, “Some side line which

might be indulged in by the farmer

for both profit and pleasure.” Some

might keep fancy poultry. Some keep

Jees, some might take parties driving

11 the automobile. One told of a farm-

er who had collected old iron i'or a

year or so and was drawing it to town

during the spring. Then there is the

truck garden, which might prove prof-

itable. Some might enjoy keeping Bel-

gian hares, while some might enjoy

raising fruits.



“Resolved, that it takes more ability

.0 run the house than the farm.” Mrs.

Fauth thinks that running a house and

naking a home is the best test to our

ability, as the mother and wife in the

family. It takes tact and ability to

live with people gracefully. Running

a house is not like running machinery

about the farm. The home—maker has

to mould the character of her children.





The president, '





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Ovegsgéipoinhnent betel Outside and in. a house furnished with Curtis





built-in bookcases, Sideboards, mante

anteed to’give satisfaction: Curtis Woodwork—the permanent furniture for

your home — has the Curtis trademark stamped upon it by an inspector.

Your llilimber dealer can show

e _

Delivery 18 another feature of satisfaction-giving.

Have you decided upon your plan yet? If not, one of our Free plan books





signs.





will help y

good





Dtolrwuiu





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Her ability also involves the health of

the inhabitants of the house. The}

home is the nation’s safeguard and it

requires responsibility, tact and ability

to keep the little things and the big

things of the home running smoothly.

Mr. Fauth Believes that running a

farm requires more ability than the

work of running the home. It requires

physical strength and a great intellect

to run a farm.





“How can the parents help the

teacher in governing the children in

school?” Mrs. Putnam looks at the

children’s troubles from the teacher’s

viewpoint. Do not sympathize with

the children against the teacher. Show

the child that the teacher is in the

school for his own good. And seek al-

ways to work in conjunction with the

teacher in the school, which will help

in the school government.





IllIlllliilllllllllllllllllllHilllllllllHIlill!Nilll”IlllllllilllllllllIIlIllIill!hIIllIlllillllllll|llllllllllllllllllllllll





 





But to get back to my story. One





Mrs. Aldrich inter-

She hon-





There will never be any difficulty in





 





 





woodwork in your home.



you ‘v‘vant: “ Eetter Built Homes"—$800 to $3000; "Homelike Homes ”—8000



up; Attractive Bungalows.” ‘



THE CURTIS COMPANIB. SERVICE BUREAU. 1278-1378 5. Second Street, Clinton, Iowa

Manufacturing and





 

 

 

 

 





 





 

   

   

 

 

 

 





 





dean

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5,





 

 





stairs and colonnades guar-





 

   

 





_ you a big catalog of Curtis Woodwork de—

furnish you what you want when you want it. Orr-Time





 

 





   

 

 





ou. Even If you have, these books will show you the importance of

Write in on the coupon the name of the book





   

   

   

   

 





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klahoma





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Eastern Offices at Pittsburgh and Washington

The Makers of CURTI‘S Woodwork Guarantce Complete Satisfaction to it. Users. ‘





W

Ikotched from an E





Interior finished In trode-

nukod curtail Woodwork





 

   





 





 





 





 





   





c’rc not satisfied unless you are. \

l a s s I S /

' Send the

Coupon for

WUODWDR WNW-w

z ' ‘ Book”ofPlano.





 





 





   

 





The Curtis Companies, Service Bur.“

1278-1378 S. Second St.. Clinton. Im





 

   

 





Without obligation. please send me





 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 





..................................................................





 





 





 





 





R F D ..................... Town. ............... .._

-. State





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





BO 3 WATCH.





Every boy, young or old, would be proud to carry

one of these watches. It is 16 size, with a. nickel

case. Stem set and wind. Regular watch movement

with hair spring. Guaranteed by the makers and

repaired free of charge for one year, if given ordl?

nary care. Any boy who really wants a. watch can

easily earn one in one afternoon.



The watch alone free for sending three subscrip-

tions to the Michigan Farmer at 500 each.





 





 





alfalfa.





You Want a Vigorous





Stand of Alfalfa





Soil must be inoculated to get a growth of





get inoculation is to treat the semi with





, . . . . . . how to save monc ' on the best woolens. “I;



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) (onomu l \\ 1) to REED CITY WOO! EN MI! I s_ ‘

Established I883. - Reed City.Mi&





 





A dry powder containing myriads of hard '.





virulent nitrogen-fixing

moisten the





seed and apply the lnoculator.

McQuocn’s is the only inocularor which pro-

duces 1.000 or more nodules to the plant. Ask

tor liter aturc containing proof.

acre-size package, postpaid.

oculatm‘ for alfalfa. vetch. soy bonus. and

sweet clover. Order now for alfalfa and vctch.





McQUEEN BACTERIA C0.,





Box 194, Baltic, Ohio





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





WEAR YOUR OWN WOOL





Spun and woven by the old homespun methoa.

just as the l’ilgrim Mothers did it for the Pilgrim a»

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campers blankets. twu-ds, iullcd cloth. flannell. -.

wool batting. yarn, and hosiery, if you will send

us your wool. Write today for price list. and learn





 





- - m, 3,...

Pinned onywbere,boloy Fly Klllor ntt to '

flies. Nut. clean, ornamental. conveiliignt.‘::dkflhm

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50 DoKolb Avo..ll'ookln.l.'.





Luann-ouch,

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bacteria. Simp y





 





Only $1 per

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BIG SURPRISE. FREE. With yourcircusdrawingbook

you also get free Ilie greatest. announcement ever





 





 





 





 





 





made to boys and girls. It tells of a wonderful colloc.





 





The address was delivered by the.





It is always a pleasure to address the





We have a few leaders





given the





 





So that with no wish to detract from





L‘





 





W. F. TAYLOR.





 





 





I. ' "/

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priced. serviceable "actor on the market.

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2606 UNIVERSITV Av

MINNEAPOLIS. MINN.





'acld test".





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





W0? Izut there is no menu here to (piles;1;lggit to yoti.‘

r: e a once givingy: nr in address, A AL MAI

ORDER CO. ' Cleveland. OHIO. Dept. F.





A Razor Snap





A new lot of fine quality Imported

Razors at 40 cents while the supply

lasts, is now offered by the Michigan

Farmer. ,



The razors are made of the best

cutlery steel, five-eighth-inch blade.

‘and black handle. We will not say

just what these razors ordinarily re-

tail at, as prices on razors vary with

each dealer, but we have seen razorl

no better sold at $1.25 and $1.50.

Every man who shaves ought to

have at least three razors as it is "I.

proven fact that giving a razor a. rest

IS beneficial to it, and here is your

opportunity to get a supply at very:

lltge cost. hil ‘

0. any w 6 our present an _.

lasts the price is 40 cents each, peg” "

paid, or a. half—dozen at $2.00. .

paid. Address all orders to the

igan Farmer, Detroit. Mich.





 





It

The most popular, low-

Bulll up to a

. A Tractor designed for





"i:

J





 





 

 





COMPANY

E. S. E.





 

   

   

   

   

 





 

   





 

   

 





rob Brown

sold to ((30,000

Prl col.
mmlWMIum . . .

' Markets.

1'? IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIllll|IIIllllllllllllllllIlllllIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII ' Vi

GRAINS AND SEEDS.





July 18, 1916.

' Wheat.-The price movement for

this grain at present hinges upon rust

conditions, in the spring wheat fields

of the northwest. Should the rust

spread, prices are sure to go to higher

levels. While there are many bears in

the market, most dealers think that

present prices are not high considering

the war and the short acreage at home

and abroad. Careful buying by Euro-

pean governments has squeezed most

of the war advance out of wheat, leav-

ing it in a position to respond to in-

creased buying or serious crop injury.

Investors are holding large quantities

of Wheat, and those who figure on a

decline in price are comparatively few.

Receipts of wheat at primary points

were 1,650,000 bushels compared with

767,000 bushels a year ago. One "year

ago No. 2 red wheat was quoted on the

local market at $1.20. Last week’s De-

troit quotations were: -





   





 





 





 





No. 2 No. 1



Red. White. Sept.

Wednesday . . . . .1.16 1.13 1.18 %

Thursday . . . .1.16%, 1.13 14 1.18%

Friday ...... . . .1.15 1.12 1.17%,

Saturday ....... 1.18 1.15 120%

Monday . . . . ....1.18 1.15 1.20%»

Tuesday . . . . .1.17% 1.14% 1.20%





Chicago—July wheat 551.11% per bu;

Sept. $1.12%; Dec. $1.151/3.



Corn.———Good crop reports have fail-

ed to check the advance in corn val-

ues. Foreign buying continues good

and the demand for local consumption

is active. One year ago N o. 3 corn was

quoted at 800 per bushel. Last week’s

Detroit quotations were:





No. 3 No. 3



Mixed. Yellow.

Wednesday ......... 81 82 1/2

Thursday ............. 81 82 1/2

Friday ............. 81 82 1A3

Saturday ........... 81 1/2 83

Monday ............. 82 83 1,4

Tuesday ............ 82 83 1/2





Chicago.——July corn 7937.10 per bu;

Sept. 751/.)c; Dec. 651/30.



Oats.—The market for this Grain re-

mains firm, although the offerings of

both old and new are liberal. The

local demand is good and the buying

for export purposes is very active. One



ear ago standard oats were quoted at

57c per bushel. Last week’s Detroit

quotations were:





No. 3



Standard. White.



Wednesday ..... . . . . 45 44



Thursday ........... 45 44



Friday .............. 45 44

Saturday ........... 45 1/2 441/3

Monday ............. 45 1A; 44 1/2

Tuesday ............ 45 1/2 44 1/2

Chicago—July oats 411/“; Sept.





41c; Dec. 42%c.



Rye.—The market for this grain is

very quiet and the price is 20 lower

than last week. Cash No. 2 is quoted

at 96c per bushel.



Beans—This commodity is scarce

and the market is firm. Much of the

inflation due to the Mexican war scare

has been eliminated, therefore prices

are lower than last week. For imme-

diate and prompt shipment quotations

are $5.75 per bushel. At Chicago hold-

ers are firm and receipts very light.

The demand is limited to that neces-

sary for consumptive needs. Michi-

gan hand-picked pea beans are quoted

at $6.50@7; red kidneys $6@6.10.



Seeds.—Prime red clover $8.90;

prime alsike $9.50; prime timothy $3.30

per bushel.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Flown—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best

patent $5.90; seconds $5.70; straight

$5.50; spring patent $5.20; rye flour $6.



. ' Feed—In 100—lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $24; standard middlings

$25; fine middlings $30; cracked corn

$32; corn and oat chop $29 per ton.



Hay.—-No. 1 timothy, $18.50@19;

standard timothy $17.50@18; light

mixed $17.50@18; No. 2 timothy $14@

15; No. 1 mixed $12@13; No. 1 clover



. $10@11. .



Straw—Rye straw $7.50@8; wheat

and oat straw $6.50@7 per ton in car

clots, Detroit.





‘jTDAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





. Batten—Market is firm at prices the

egg: as last 6vgéeek. Extgg creaifiery

'2 ,; firsts 2 0; dairy 0; pac ing

incl; 21c.

n.—-Market steady, with prices



‘ nged. Price for the week, based

less, is 27%c.

tr cage-The demand continues to



'~ at former'prices. Receipts are

' cleaned up. Dairies selling,





 





 

 





 





 





 





_ ket.





 





firsts 23% @27c; firsts 25% ‘ *

extras 27%c; packing stock 23c. , L



E'ggs.--Hot weather is aflecting eggs

and current receipts include many bad

ones. This caused lower '- prices for

that grade and higher for the candled

stock. Current receipts are quoted 'at

21%0; firsts 24c.



Chicago.—Strictly fresh stock hold-

ing steady but the bulk of receipts are

weakly held. The market is slower

but prices are unchanged. Firsts 22@

221,40; ordinary firsts 210; miscellan-

eous lots, cases included 18@221/2c per

dozen.



Poultry.—The market is quiet and

firm at unchanged prices. Fowls 16@

180; broilers 25@28c; ducks 18@19c;

geese 12@13c per lb.



Chicago.——The supply and demand

are both good; speculators are active.

Springers are slightly lower but hens

are higher; shippers should not crowd

coops. Hens 17c; roosters 121/20; spg

chickens 1% lbs. and over 23c; 1@11/2

lbs. 20c; spring ducks, over 2 lbs. 160;

spring geese 160.





FRUITS AND- VEGETABLES.





 





 





Cherries.—Sour Michigan cherries

met with fair sale on the Chicago mar-

Red and black sweets are in good

demand. White sweets are slow. Sour

cherries are quoted at $1@1.40 per 16-

qt. case; sweets 75c@$3 per 16-qt. case,

depending on variety and quality.



Small Fruits.——Gooseberries $2.50@

2.75 per 24~qt. case; black raspberries

$2@2.15 per 16-qt. case; red raspber-

ries $5.50@5.75 per 24-qt. case; red

currants $1.50@1.75 per 24-qt. case;

blackberries $3@3.50 per bushel.



Chicago.—Gooseberries 750@$1 per

l6—qt. case; blackberries $1@2.75 per

24-qt. case; black raspberries $1.50@

$1.60; reds $1.25@1.50 per 24-qt. case;

red currants 75c@$1.40. '





WOOL AND HIDES.





 





 





During the week there has been a

fairly large amount of wool sold to

large operators. Prices are firm and

still have a tendency to advance. Deal-

ers hesitate to buy at the present high

prices, but all indications are that the

market will continue firm and the

price movement will be upward if any.

With an embargo on wool from Eng-

land and her colonies, practically the

only available foreign wool is defec-

tive South American stock. At Boston

Michigan unwashed delaines are quot-

ed at 31@320; do. combing 35@420;

do. clothing 29@310. ’



Hides.———No. 1 cured 18%0; No. 1

green 150; No. 1 cured bulls 130; No.

1 green bulls 100; No. 1 cured veal kip

200; No. 1 green veal kip 18c; No. 1

cured murrain 18c; No. 1 green mur-

rain 160; No. 1 cured calf 280; No. 1

green calf 25c; No. 1 horsehides $6;

No. 2 horsehides $5; No. 2 hides 10

and No. 2 kip and calf 11/20 lower than

the above; sheepskins, as to amount’of

wool 50c@$2.50.





 





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





Hot and dry weather threatens to cut

the crop of raspberries and later her-

ries short. Black raspberries are sell-

ing at $1.75 per crate; red raspberries

$2@2.50; currants 75c@$1. New po-

tatoes are worth $1@1.10 per bushel;

peas $1.25 per bushel; wax beans $1@

1.25; No. 2 red wheat has advanced to

$1.05, with other grain unchanged.

Fresh eggs bring 221/20; dairy butter

230 per pound.»





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





 





The market was very active Tues-

day morning, although green stuff was

a little draggy. Lettuce sold for 35c a

bushel; head lettuce 500; cabbage $1@

1.25; peas $1.50; onions 20c a bunch;

currants $2.50 per 24—qt. case; red

raspberries $5 per 24-qt. case; black

raspberries $3.10 per 24-qt. case; new

potatoes $1.25 per bu; eggs 35c; butter

300. Hay was being offered at $20 a

ton.





LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

July 17, 1916.

(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts here today as follows: Cat-

tle 165 cars; hogs 80 d. d.; sheep 6 d.

d.;-calves 100 head.



With 165 cars of cattle today, there

were around 35 cars of shipping cattle

and the trade was in a demoralized

condition. The bulk of the cattle sold

500 a hundred lower and there are sev-

eral loads going over with no bids on

them. We will need a very light run

here next Monday, and if they come

back with another heavy run they are

bound to pound these grass cattle

down lower. y



Our receipts, of hogs were not very





 





0c lower the





heavy today. but demand was limited 8 0 75

n





and the, general market/1





 





 





“midi





   

 





in ordinary as ' ' *

10.20;. pigs and lights general . p , ,,

roughs 8.75 @ 9; stage $6.50@ 7.50.





Several loads left, that arrived late for

the market,and prospects’for the bal-

ance of the week about steady.



Sheep receipts very light, prices

nearly the same as last week. -Pros-

pects about steady.



We quote: Best spring lambs $10.50

@11; cull to common lambs $9@10;

yearlings $7:50@9; wethers $8@8.25;

ewes $7@7.50; cull sheep $3.50@6;

bucks $5.50@6.25; top veals $12.75@

13; heavy $10@11.50; common and

light $10.50@12; grassers $5.50@7.50.





 





Chicago.

July 17, 1916.

Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today. .22,000 38,000 16,000

Same day 1916..15,537 43,353 12,199

Last week ...... 45,952 139,935 79,319

Same wk 1915..42,621 98,660 55,453



Hogs received last week fell off in

average weight to 228 lbs., comparing

with 233 lbs. a week earlier. The week

opens tOday with hogs 5@10c lower

than at the close of last week, sales

ranging at $9.15@10. Cattle were late

in finding buyers, who were bidding 10

@15c lower prices. Sheep and year-

lings ,sold at steady prices, but buyers

were bidding as much as 250 lower for

lambs, despite the small receipts, in-

cluding 3,200 southern lambs consign-

ed to packers.



Cattle have been marketed of late

more liberally than the very moderate

requirements of local killers and ship‘

pers warranted, and as a result prices

for all descriptions from the best to

the poorest, took a downward course.

With the appearance of extremely hot

Weather, the demand for beef fell off

materially throughout the country, and

this reacted on cattle, the greater part

of the steers selling last week at a

range of $8.50@10.35, the lowest prices

seen in a long time. The extreme

range of prices extendedfrom $6.75@

8.50 for inferior to fair grass steers up

to $10@11 for good to prime offerings,

with one sale at $11.20, consisting of 13

head of old-fashioned heavy steers

which'averaged 1730 lbs. Cattle bring-

ing $10.50 and upward graded as

choice, and the medium to good steers

found buyers at $9.25@9.95, with

sales of fair little killers at $8.60@9.20.

Good to prime yearling steers went at

$9.75@11, while butcher stuff sold at

$5.75@8.50 for cows and $5.50@9.60 for

heifers, with sales of cutters at $5.15

@570 and canners at $4@5.10, while

bulls brought $5.25@8.25. There was

a vigorous trade in calves, especially

in light vealers, which found buyers at

$10@12 per 100 lbs., with the heavy

weights going at $5.50@9.50. Plenty

of stockers and feeders were offered

to meet the greatly reduced country

demand, and prices took a sharp down-

ward course, with sales at $5.50@8.60.

Stock and feeding heifers brought $6.50

@765 and stock and feeding bulls $6.50

@710. The general run of stockers

and feeders looked as much as 25c

lower than a week earlier, and there

was a wide range of quality to select

from. Because of the hot weather the

cattle trade started in later than usual,

the cattle taking on good fills. Outside

of yearlings and good handy weight

cattle, prices averaged 25@35c lower

at the close of the week than a week

ago.



Hogs were in excellent local slaugh-

tering demand last week, and on some

days shippers made tolerably fair pur-

chases of the better‘ class, the best

barrows bringing a good premium. In

spite of increasing receipts, the mar-

ket developed a great deal of strength,

and sales took place close to the high-

est prices of the year, with speculators

taking a hand in the game on some

days. In average quality there was a

falling off, there being too many gras-

sy packing hogs, some of which had

to be carried over unsold at night be-

cause of unsatisfactory bids. Pigs

were marketed rather sparingly, and

most of these offerings carried consid-

erable weight and sold correspondingly

high, the demand being active for good

lots. At the week’s close hogs sold at

$9.20@10.05, comparing with $9.55@

10.25 a week earlier, while pigs brought

$7.75@9.50. Best light shipping hogs

brought $9.90.



Lambs comprised most of the offer-

ings received last week in the sheep

division at the stock yards, including

a generous proportion of Idaho lambs,

mostly of superior quality. Reactions

from highest quotations took place on

some occasions, but the undertone was

inclined to be strong for desirable of-

ferings, which were greatly wanted by

killers. Idaho marketed some very

nice feeder lambs averaging 60 lbs. at

$9.40, as well as some good fat little

yearlings. Sheep and yearling prices

were well maintained, but native lambs .

sold off 50@75c,‘ while range lambsde—

clined 250., Lambs closed at $8

1 ‘ ‘





feedin ._ * lambs at'339,@.9.2

g 5‘ rfi-‘M‘N’Pé





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





.290; butter 25c; eggs 22c;





 





. "Horses-Ii'werefi soldxf‘at generally" -





 





mestic trade was of-the usual dull mid-

summer character. The only genuine

activity was in army horses, which

sold at $160@ 200 for artillery horses.

Inferior. to fair horses brought $50@

100, while commercial chunks went at

$165@215. in most instances, better

gél5d heaVier horses selling at $220@





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





Late carefully gathered statistics go

to prove that the crop of spring lambs

in this country was much smallerthan

was at first estimated, far fewer ewes

having been bred than in former years,

while other conditions were adverse.

For instance, the serious drouth result-

ed in seriously decimating the crop of

lambs in Texas, and the general south

western crop fell off materially. The

crop of southern spring lambs is re-

ported to have been anywhere from 20

to 25 per cent smaller than that of

1915, while the crop of native lambs of

the entire country shows a great fall-

ing off. Late advices received from

Nevada, Oregon and Washington are

that marketings of spring lambs will

be all of 25 per cent smaller than a.

year ago, while the shortage in Mon-

tana is positively startling, being now

placed at 40 per cent. Under such ab-

normal circumstances, it Will be seen

at once that the country’s production

of sheep, yearlings and lambs must fall

greatly below the trade requirements,

this applying to not only live muttons,

but even more so to feeders from the

ranges and good breeding ewes and

bucks. Within a short time there have

been sales in the Chicago market of

prime lots of spring lambs up to $11.10

per 100 lbs., while prime yearlings sold

at.$9.75, the best wetners at $8.15 and

prime ewes $7.75. Buyers have paid

up to $9.85 per 100 lbs. for prime breed-

ing ewes, while breeding bucks brought

from $6@8, with yearlings going at the

highest. Prime feeding lambs from the

range country have sold as high as

$9.40 per 100 lbs., and it is a foregone





 





conclusion that the feeding operations ,





of the next winter period are going to

be unusually small. Not only will the

available supply be limited, but the

prices are so high as to frighten many

intending buyers. The ranges of Idaho,

Nevada, Oregon and Washington are

now marketing some long trainloads

of lambs, yearlings, and wethers, which

are mostly choice and sell at fancy

prices as a matter of course. One fea-

ture of the market is extremely unfav-

orable for the future mutton supply.

Allusion is made here to the habit of

the packers buying lambstof the feeder

class at higher prices than sheepmen

can afford to pay.

Michigan.



Shiawassee 60., July 10.-—Weather

for the past ten days has been very

favorable for securing the hay crop.

Wheat is looking fairly well, some

fields, .however, are very thin and the

stand is short. Corn is very backward

and a poor stand. 'Beans are looking

well; rye an average crop. Oats are

coming on in good condition. Fruit

prospects are uncertain, especially ap-

ples. A number of miles of state road

being constructed. Sugar beets a poor

crop. Stock of all kinds in good con-

dition.



.Berrien 00., July 10.——Hay. of all

kinds a good crop, but early cutting

somewhat damaged. Corn is making

a good growth. Not many beans plant-

ed. Early potatoes made good growth

of top, but tubers are small. Peach

prospects good. Wheat $1; oats 400;

new potatoes $1.35; old $1; butter-fat





ho s 9;

cattle $7. g $





Cheboygan 00., July 15.—~Yield of

clover and timothy good; alfalfa not

so good. Corn looking 'good but late.

Potatoes fine, beans good.

buckwheat. Fruit prospects are good.

Milk 200 per gallon; butter-fat 320;

eggs 28c; butter 25c: old potatoes 800;

strawberries 100 per quart.



Emmet 00., July 12.—‘—Fine growing

weather the past week, and corn,

beans and potatoes have picked up

wonderfully. Yield of clover, hay and

alfalfa is fair to good, and these crops

are now being secured. Prospects good

for an average crop of fruit.



Livingston 00., July 11.—Weather is

ideal for securing the hay crop, which

is especially good this year. Wheat is

not very good, but has improved won-

derfully. Corn and beans look good

but are very small owing to the back-

ward season. All growing crops need

rain.



St. Clair 00., July 11.—-It is very dry

and growing crops need rain. Good I





 

 

 





securing the crop. . Not -

here. Nata heavy of , _

tar-fat sexism





haying weather and farmers are bus?

"ch' it If





 





changed prices, the offerings beingon-s ‘ I

1y moderate, in numbers, while the dvo-'





Lots of .





 

   

   

 

 

 

   

 

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

   

   

 

 

 

 





 

 





 

 

   

   

   

   

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ain't,





)‘A

a.

I yar- n“ F'_.. .* ‘





————-—
1e , was





 

 





The first edition is sent to those who

have not expressed a desire for the

latest markets. The late market edi-

tion will be sent on request at any





time





 

 

 





 

 

   





 





 





   

 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET.





 





 





e Hessian





Quick-acting Fertilizers

A Preventive Measure





Thursday's Market.

July 20, 1916.





     





, Cattle.



. Receipts 2210. Good service by all

‘ ' local roads brought practically all the

live stock in early this week and was

i . the means of saving the shippers ser-

ious . losses, especially so in hogs,

which die very quick in this excessive-



ly warm weather.



The run of cattlewas large and prac-

tically all the receipts were grassers,

many of them being of the common or-

der. A few good dry-fed steers would

bring steady prices but grassers were

decidedly dull and 50@75c lower than



‘ . last week on everything but canners.

At the close of the Wednesday market

a large number had to be held over as

,‘ they could not be sold, even at the de-

l cline; Thursday trade dull and draggy

Ii at the decline. A few went back to the

.» . farm for feeding purposes and were

' bought cheap. The close was very dull

_ at the decline as follows, with a large

'3- ' , number unsold: Best heavy steers $8

1; i @850; best handy weight butcher

6' l steers $7.50@7.75; mixed steers and

. ~: heifers $6.75@7.50; handy light butch-

ers $6.25@7; light butchers $5.50@

$6.50; best cows $6.25@6.50; butcher

cows $5@6;.common cows $4.50@5;

canners $3.25@4.25; best heavy bulls

$6@6.50; bologna bulls $5@6.25; stock

bulls $4.75@5; feeders $6.50@7.50;

stockers $5.50@7; milkers and spring.

ers $40@65.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Nagle P. Co.



2 heifers av 805 at $6.50, 1 do wgh 700

at $6.50, 1 bull wgh 730 at $5.25, 1 do

Wgh 520 at $5.25, 6 butchers av 713 at

$5.25, 18 do av 804 at $7.25, 1 heifer

wgh 640 at $6; to Breitenbeck 17

stockers av 866 at $7.45; to Bray &

i B. 2 cows av 770 at $4, 6 do av 1030

. at $6, 2 do av 750 at $5; to Davenport

2 steers av 700 at $6, 1 bull wgh 550

at $5; to Hammond, S. & Co. 4 cows

; ~ . av 900 at $4.35, 2 bulls av 820 at $5.50,

" ' 1 do wgh 640 at $5, 3 cows av 1000 at

1 . . $4.40, 2 do av 870 at $6, 4 do av 905

at $4.35, 3 do av 1000 at $4.40; to

,Parker, W. & Co. 18 steers av 880 at

$8, 3 bulls av 1320 at $6; to Sullivan

P. Co. 2 cows av 1090 at $5, 3do av

833 at $6, 6 do av 963 at $5. 50, 1 bull

wgh 1330 at $6. 25; to Mich. B. Co. 9

steers av 1111 at $8. 50, 1 cow wgh

1270 at $6.50; to Davenport 24 stock-

ers av 523 at $5.50, 4 do av 560 at $5.50,

11 do av 460 at $5.50; to Bray & B. 3

cows av 1133 at $5.25; to Sullivan P.

Co. 6 do av 980 at $6: to Thompson 11

butchers av 890 at $6.60, 8 steers av

1047 at $8.50, 6 do av 681 at $6.60; to

Rhinehart 15 do av 828 at $8.35.



Haley & M. sold Bray & B. 1 bull

wgh 970 at $5.25, 6 cows av 1008 at $5,





   

   

 





   

 





You can beat the J

Hessian Fly with Fertilizers if I

you use the right kind. The idea ,

is to seed late and force the fall

growth with fertilizer containing at l

least 2% quichly available ammonia

and not less than 10% available

phosphoric acid. But it must be the





right hind of fertilizer. We make it.

Acid phosphate alone will not bring the quick grow-





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





Diur_





   

   





. ”A

(a

I war. .5 w h. ‘





ing effect. One more bushel of wheat per acre will





   

 





pay for the ammonia and may save you many bushels

if the fly is present. If there is no fly, the fertilizer

will repay its cost anyhow in the wheat crop.





   

   

   

   

 





 





 

   

 





Ask us for Government chart showing best dates fin“

seeding in your section. Also for new booklet “How to Get (1

Crop of Wheat, ” both mailed free. With the shortage of labor

this year, you want to make your own work produce to the limit.

Our active fertilizers will help.





The American Agricultural Chemical Co.





New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Buffalo,

Cleveland, Cincinnati and Detroit





Address nearest ofice.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

 





 

   





 





Agents wanted.





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





9 do av 1128 at $6, 21 do av 948 at $6, >

DETROIT,CLEVELAND.

BU FFALO. NIAGARA FALLS





 





Good house, 2 burns: large hennery;



71/2 Acres. pairm Mules-good Oow.3 be men,

wagons, harness, plows, mower. rgkmhnrrows. 2mm:

corn planter, riding cultivator sleigh. setof bobe, _

an hens. for 325001750 cash. Now selling. 3..

worth or eggs 3 week. riALL s FARM AGENCY 4».

OwosoJ Tiogn Co. .. New Y‘ort. “x





SOUTHERN FARMS





llsslulnl. Nlrksuu. Tennessee“. 80nd M build.

BTIN COLE. ME PHIS. TENN.





ALFALFA'93°





Bios Hardy Ion-Income!“ Seed 0.. 0% PA"

96% germination, $12. 60, Government





5 do av 920 at $4.50, 3 do av 1113 at

$5.50; to Kull 3 butchers av 996 at

$5.65; to Walker 2 do av 710 at $5.50,

2 do av 600 at $5.50; to Breitenbeck 15

do av 655 at $6.25, 16 do av 806 at

$6.15; to Stephenson 3 stockers av 693

at $6.50; to Resnick 6 butchers av 666

at $5.60, 6 do av 776 at $6.25; to Nagle

P. Co. 10 do av 972 at $7.35; to Sullivan

P. Co. 8 cows av 1020 at $5.85.



Keerer sold Greene 14 stockers av

707 at $6.50, 13 cows av 863 at $5.





LA 0

Veal C alves . T 1P8 EEKLY. OUTE EXCEPT AT DETROIT EVERY TRIP. .

' Daily service between Toledo and gut-in-Bsy June 10th to Sept. 10th. 1





THE TCOAST LINE





 





   





 





 





rA REAL VACATION—The Water Way is the Only Way

Daily service between Detroit and Buflslo and Detroit and Cleveland. Day tripod



July and August, as well as two boat: out of Detroit. and Cleveland ev Saturds an



Sundafi l173$littsnt'lli‘iri E alv:





 





 





these two months

N C





 





” Receipts 790. The veal calf trade d “$331101 Pagers! Accgrrds‘o on D£ a: C. Lrineusltestmersibetweepleltktrgia Clgvlslafind a teeH Norther? grow'kif “J?“g" rigid ANoN

‘ ‘ ' an 0 et er rec on en wo cen e am or 11 rate am an res 3 es er- 8V6 Illl‘ 93153113: We over; 6'

was steady w1th Wednesday, With all “1' {Me n p 9 Timothy- grass seed of all kinds. Ask forour 1.1m o-





 





grades 50c lower than at the opening

early in the week, tops bringing $12@

12.50 and medium and common grades





$8@11.





DETROIT & CLEVELAND

P. H. McMILLAN, Pres. .

A. A. SCHANTZ.





Map. Addniss L. G. Lewis. G. P.A.. ‘ Detro it.





Central

¥tsndnrd





page book on growi

pies. All sent Free.

BERRY SEED 00..





Alfalfa, 100opage ea fiends.-

e can save you money.

Box 43] CLARINDA.





 





$800per bushel





VETcH SEED: ythogrowor.

MICE.





AHA. LAMBERTSON. CEDAR SPRINGS.

Y Ship To The old Reliable lieu.

HA Dame' 1 McCaffrey’s Sons C...





623—625 Wabash Bide. Pitt-bud: PI.

F RUI





Fa'IIICH: We are now ay b1'1611'61111 two to four out





$600 Down Secures Fruit Farm “,0", the hi mom Mm, t M"...

Quotation for eggs sh pped‘ tousby ex rele- Wfl rib





C lerlooking Beautiful Lake us for information. Itwil ay “ERICA!

43 acres, no rocks; Whearingpooches, Mapples, pears, BUTTER & CHEESE 08., outwit. Mich.





plums. 5-1-m house. Zbarns, owpoultry house. Tosettle

EGGS. ETG.“§msflce°;§‘;“’3$°“é°nim





Erwin & S. sold Newton B. Co. 1

wgh 200 at $10, 6 av 140 at $12.50, 15

av 175 at $12.50.



Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co.

6 av 145 at $12.50, 9 av 170 at $12.50,



6 av 200 at $12.50.



‘ Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 1301. The sheep and lamb

,e‘ , trade was dull and draggy and fully

i 50c lower than last week or early this

; week. Sheep and common heavy and

. ' thin stuff very dull and not wanted.

’ Best lambs $10.25@10.50; fair lambs

e $9.50@10; light to common lambs $8

@9; fair to good sheep $5.50@6; culls





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





 





 





 





 





 





HIGHEST KARKET PRICE

Quick Returns. Write for . ‘.

Stencil. Ship Dlrootto E‘.‘ L. -

CHDION 00.. Dot mu.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





for your free cop





   

 





   





 





   





 





   

 





quickly low pricefll’fl); ng-(rops of torn tome-

and common $3@4 Biz Bunch of Farm Bargains" , just out. Write today __ &

Htesta It 0describes hundreds in a dozen / bring vo attractive prices. eturnl day

00.5 sheep av 118 at $6; to Nagle P ”W." 5L00k grain and fruit farms are now a A.swnoi11rA1<°i1°AsEN0Y Dept. 101 isoNassau e u as cans-”oranwich so NewYorsz'V

the best farm investments in th " °' u " '

Co. 31 do av 110 at $6,15 lambs av “ ”mm 3“ ‘9" Y"

with productive soil, fine improvements, good THE Ros: AUTO FULLER





NEW YORK STATE

sandel S B & G SOId sunivanP nd tools included. arrival. efertoDnn or Bradstreet.

St. t( F l ted d h h ,

70 at $10 75; to Parker W & C0 45 a 5.211‘1115 0011. on inlpl'ove 1g ways





 

 





do av 62 at $11, 8 sheep av 110 at £35113;sggggggglgmpgggmngggogg$300k McClure-Stevens Land C0. wm pull your c... o... o: the mad 1....-

$6' 50; to Young 11 lambs av 75 at acre on easy terms. ’ per Successors toA .J. StevensdtOo Established 1883. simply by turning 1.! small crank. Wfl“





   





how to get one RE

BOSE BROS. ROSEKONT. NEBRASKA.





When in ”strait Park Your Iniomsbils 'itll limit,





140 First Street, (Telephone Cadillac 4118) and





   





Farm, Fruit and 81:0th Lands We own new acres

of choice unimproved land in Gladwin and Clare

counties. Sold on easypayments. Interestiipercent.





Write for information.





Gladwin, Michigan





$10.75, 30 do av 72 at $10. 50, 18 year-





Ful] information and free bulletin describing

lings av 85 at $8. 25.





alarge number of desirable farms will be sent

on application. to





c. 8. Wilson, Sink Cremation" 01 Agriculture,





   





 





   





 





   

   





Receipts 4025. HThe run of hogs was





 





 





 

   

 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





light and the market on everything but ny N. Y. "my “3° ”my m“: m" m" We» of P0“

, pigswvactizgdand about 50 higherfl than 9 N e W a n d; between Lafa ette a (1 Michigan Aves. _

'on edn y.Pigswereat1-ieofl, L .

' seléiélglgt $9. 25; yorkers and heavy 257 ACREfiTOCIK FARM wiokpqugfipfi In Gledwin and Midland Counties. M16111 Wen th“ writing to advertisers please

‘9 J 1" - .' . - f . Form £86110!- Phelps Bids Binzhsmton, New York. (owners). 15 Merrriill“ 111.111., Saginaw. (westsideelli.l glob. memo“ The Mmhim chr'





   





a
as ,





 





Sams‘itiiO”





Makes clean-cut, uniform silage-releases

all silage juices-packs solidly—ferments

evenly—expels all air, "Silverized Silage”

brings biggest: milk yield from dairy cows— ‘

puts weight on fat stock. Write for booklet

on “Silverized Silage," showmg proof.



Bac W 62 years manufacturing expe-

rience. . nbeatable features—direct drive,

ilriction'reverse, automatic beater .feed.

Used by leading farmers and Experiment

Stations ever where. Let’s refer on to

owners. BOO SFREE—Catslog an book-

let on “Silverized Silage." Write today.





E SILVER MFG. co.. 390 Broadway, Salem. 0.





 

 

 





   

   

 

   

 

   

 





 





 

   

   

 

 

 

 





 





 





then Forget it





No repairing, no painting,

no rebuilding, no stttention

of any kind required by the





é

(B . V . I .

51



It will outlive your children's chil-

dren. Built of vitrified Brazil fire clay

tile, it stands like a rock against wind

and weather, fire and decay. Reinforced

with steel rods embedded in dovetail

mortar groove. The strongest silo made.

Triple air spaces in tile and tongue-and-

groove mortar ioint make it absolutely

sir tight. You build permanently, there<

fore economically, with the B. V T

If interested in silos you will profit

by getting free Silo hook D,





   

 

 





 





   

   

   

   

   

   





   





Q l -

mm".

”1194,;





a-w-emfl’m,





 





 





 





if DOORS on hinges—easy

l' to open and close—

I never bind, stick or freeze



in. Better quality of silage

‘ because of air—tight doors sl-

ways_m placefprevents silage

freezing n Winter and dryin

n summer. Safe ladder, st

fedect anchorage sys-

tem. he Lansmg Silo same

construction but with d'etsch-

able doors. The chicken silo

for the small farmer.



Wood tanks of all kinds.





WOODS BROS. SILO & MFG. CO.

Dept. 1 , Lincoln. heir.





Lansing, Mlch.

East St. hauls. Ill. 1 .





   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   

 

 





 





. i

I; MakeYourSI lo

9‘?





 





v

'.

\





 





   





 





AF





 

 





   





F‘s





HE farmers of Monmouth coun-



ty, New Jersey, have given farm-



ers in all sections of the country

a practical illustration of what thought

linked with business methods will do

for the farmers. By employing team-

work in the disposal of their potatoes,

vegetables and fruits, they are able

not only to command the country’s

best prices, but to maintain a desirable

price throughout the whole season,

due to the even distribution of their

produce.



Eight years ago the Monmouth Coun-

ty Farmers’ Exchange was organized.

In July, 1908, with a paid in capital of

$7,000 and a membership of 300 pro-

gressive farmers, the year’s business

amounted to $454,414.11, while today

with a paid-in capital of $100,000, or

20,000 shares at $5 each the annual

business averages about $1,300,000. It

pays a dividend of six per cent on the

stock held, and beside these features,

saved its members thousands of dollars

in the purchase of the best machinery,





 





farms. .



When the farmers depended upon

the local middlemen, or brokers, for

the disposal of their potatoes, from

1902 to 1907, they received an average

price of 42% cents per bushel, or

$1.161/2 per barrel for their potatoes,

with very shaky conditions every day

before them, for nothing pleased these

dealers more than to make the farmer

believe the bottom was about to drop

out of the potato pool, and so the har-

vest would be rushed that the potatoes

might be placed in the waiting cars

before the failure appeared. But this

irregularity awoke Monmouth county

farmers, and to secure satisfactory

marketing conditions they organized.

The exchange has made a new story

on‘average potato prices for the past

seven years, and the advanced prices

have given the hard-working farmers

autos, fine homes, modern buildings,

blooded stock, while actual benefits





;. ifrom co-operative effort has raised av-





erage land prices from $100 up to $300

per acre. Land values soon raise where

crops are disposed of at advantageous

prices.

Better Prices Secured.



For the period between 1908 and

1915, Monmouth county farmers have

received an average price of 601/“; cents





a per bushel, and $1.661,é per barrel for





their potatoes, or an advance of 50

cents per barrel and 18 cents per bush-

el over the average noted above. When

a community ships out 3,000 carloads

of produce in a season, these advanced

prices make a large total and mean

much to agriculture when the excess

money goes to the farmers.



The Monmouth County Exchange

covers one of the important agricultur-

al sections of the east. It operates a

territory 500 miles square in the cen-

tral portion of New Jersey, extending

through the counties of Monmouth,

Middlesex, Mercer and portions of

Ocean and Burlington counties.



Not alone are potatoes marketed for

the farmer, but also apples, pears, ber-

ries, melons, sweet corn, pickles and

such miscellaneous crops as are grown.

Aside from selling the farmer’s crops,

this organization keeps the farmer sup-

plied with seed potatoes, grass seed,

hampers, spray material, barrels, lime,

stable manure, and manufactures fer-

tilizers from the purest and highest

grades of chemicals that are to be had,

thus insuring the members of placing

on their soil genuine, true to name fer-

tilizer, which will grow good crops and

not burn out or lay idle and prove use-

less. Every dollar the Monmouth Ex-





change spends for fertilizing elements





makes its return, and a few months





 





.1





seed, fertilizer, etc., for use on the'





he assisted in organizing and was the





 

 





stein-Friesian Association and has been

,twice, elected president of the Michi-

later pays its annual dividend in ad- ,g‘snfLive' Stock Breeders’ndwF-‘oeders’





arm Commerce-

=llllllllllllllllllllllillllllIllIl||lIll|IllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllllllllIIIlllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllIIIllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllfi





Marketing Potatoes to Advantage





vanced production. From $3 to $6 a

ton is saved the farmer on fertilizer,

and he gets good goods, too.



Plan of Organization.



The members of this organization

elect 15 of their members to act annu-

ally as a board of directors, and these

men select a man of business ability to

act as general'manager and sales di-

rector for the whole membership, each

member being taxed a certain per cent

for produce marketed or materials pur-

chased, which is used to defray expen-

ses. The system employed in conduct-

ing this great agricultural business en-





terprise is just as simple as possible;





and all members are highly elated ov-

er results obtained.





There are between 40 and 50 ship-

ping points maintained, and at each

depot will be found the official agent-

inspector, who acts as ofliceman, in-

spector and information gatherer. All

produce is inspected, graded and cred-

ited to the member who brings it to

the car, a telephone system being con-

nected with the general manager’s

office, where these facts are ’phoned.

The book-keeper credits the farmer

with a given number of bushels of po-

tatoes at a certain price, and be

promptly receives his pay, as a treas-

ury fund allows this. All carlot ship-

ments, for these are all that are sent

out, are shipped f. o. b, with bill of

lading attached to a draft, so that the

consignee must lay down his cash be-





 





lie 1 u 4 ‘ eon ‘ .,

Waiting for'months sometime for their

was rotten and that half price would

be allowed. This has been stopped.

Selling Territory Expanded. -



(Jo-operation allows Monmouth farm-

ers to distribute their crop over a wide

range of country. I was surprised to

learn that they covered the territory

between the gulf and the great lakes,

as far west as the Mississippi, and that

shipments had been successfully made

as far as Mexico. With the old system

the farmer sold to a local jobber who

sold to a wholesaler, and this man was

the distributor. But the Monmouth

county farmer, through his general

manager, is all three, and keeps three

profits for himself.



Advanced knowledge of the demands

of various markets, which is collected

by the general manager from various

cities by telegraph daily, allows p’lacv

ing carlots of potatoes where the de-

mand is greatest and the price highest.

The farmers thus maintain values and

prevent fluctuations of market prices

that are so prevalent where indiscrim-

inate shipments of farm products are

made.



Monmouth farmers are able to at.

tract the wider consuming field, for by

clubbing together, working as one man,

they command the attention of the

largest trade in all parts of the coun-

try and thereby widen their markets

and increase their price.



When a body of farmers, whether

the number be 10 or 1,000, organize

into one co-operative organization, the

spirit to produce better crops is foster-

ed and the task of preparing these bet-

ter grown products for market be-

comes comparatively easier.



New York. EARL W. GAGE.





lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHmllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllll|IHI lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllml





Dairymcn Secure Field Secretary





T took a long time for some of the

I armies of Europe to get under mo-



tion; but look at the execution

these armies are now doing. Many of

the milk producers of Michigan have

been very anxious to feel the impulse

of the meeting held at the Agricultural

College May 23 last, for the purpose of

organizing the Michigan Milk Produc-

ers’ Association. This milk producers’

army has at last been organized and is

ready to move. In fact, marching or-

ders have been issued and the cam-

paign is already begun.



The obstacles encountered after the

May meeting were‘two in number—-

the lack of a good man and sufficient

funds. It requires a man.of rare qual-

ities indeed to act in the capacity of

a field secretary for an association of

this character. He first of all should

be conversant with the dairymen and

the dairy interests of the state. .Not

only should he know these interests,

but he should also be known and have

the confidence of those to become affil‘

iated in the organization. He should

be a man of large capacity, of good ex-

ecutive ability and of commanding

qualities. Such men are hard to find,

and when located are difficult to se-

cure in that they have much business

of their own. ‘



When the officers of the association

had completed their survey of condi-

tions and understood the type of 'man

required to carry out the purposes

of the new organization their attention

immediately turned to R. C. Reed, of

Howell, who has been identified with

the dairy interests of Michigan for

many years. He was one of the found-

ers and the first president of the Liv—

ingston' County Holstein-Friesian As-

sociation, through which organization

the foundation for the wonderful ac-

complishments in making Livingston

county the great Holstein center that

it is today, was wrought. ~Afterwards





first president of the Michigan Hol-





. Association.





 

 





R. C. Reed,‘ Field Secretaryof the





. Howell,





Without doubt he is as

well informed on the live stock inter-

ests of Michigan as any layman in the

state. Ten years ago when the pro-

hibition movement was unpopular Mr.

Reed as a nominee for governor can»

vassed the state and for fourteen

weeks traveled up and down, advocat-

ing those principles that are today so

firmly woven into the political life of

Michigan as to give well founded hopes

that the entire state will adopt them

at the November election.



Because of his splendid leadership

and experience, as well as his close

connection with Michigan’s dairy inter-

ests, Mr. Reed is without question one

of the best qualified men for theposi-

tion of field secretary of the new or-

ganization, but when the officers or

the association urged him to accept

this position, he at first declined be-

cause of the large amount of work that

the office would entail and also the ex-

tensive demands of his own business.

Eventually, however, a compromise

was reached and Mr. Reed contracted

to give one-half of his time to the field

work of the Michigan Milk Producers’

Association. The milk producers are

certainly to be'congratulated upon se-

curing so able a man, and nothing aug-

ers more for the success of the work

than his selection.



He has already devised a financial

plan that is working beyond his fond-

est hopes and which has already been

copied by the New England Milk Pro-

ducers’ Association. He is now in the

field assisting in the organization of

local associations. Reports will be

published in the columns of this jour-

nal. In a near future issue the finan-

cial scheme evolved will bedescribed.

If dairymen in any locality. feel the

need of assistance in the organization

of the milk producers or in putting

new spirit and enthusiasm in an old

organization of this character, they

should correspond immediately with ‘

the new field secretary by addressing





Michigan. Milk Producersf, Association,

.leh. '. " '





pay, them" reporting that the produce f





.v
2 "55'6"





 

 

 

 





. #4.:





 





 





Cooperation has proved a great boon

to thousands of farmers in other states.

We are often told that farmers won’t

work together because each one is so

My wedded to the ieda of doing

things his own way. It is true that

men in the country are compelled to

think for themselves and work out

plans which are different from those

used by others, but when it becomes

necessary for them to work together

they can do so very effectively.



’ Co-operative Beef Club.



For thirty years a beef club has

been in operation in Prairie township,

Carroll county, Missouri. The rules

and plans of the club are now so well

organized that it may be regarded as

a model to be followed with profit by

many other sections of the state.

Butchering takes place every Friday

afternoon and the carcass is divided

among sixteen families. Similar or-

ganizations have succeeded very well

in many other parts of the country. It

is quite generally customary for each

family to receive a different portion of

the carcass so that in a few weeks or

months any unequal division which

may occur one week will be counter-

balanced by a corresponding advantage

or disadvantage in later weeks. Some.

times each family in turn furnishes an

animal approved by a committee of

the club and does the butchering.

Sometimes the committee purchases

and butchers the animal without call<

ing on any members of the club and

then sells the meat. In this case we

have practically c’o—operative buying

from members of the organization but

without profit to those members who

sell what they have bought for that

purpose.



An Ice Club.



A number of enterprising farmers

formed an ice club made up of men

who join in purchasing a wagon-103:1

of ice from a neighboring town and

distribute it to the members of the

club. In some sections a possible out-

growth of the idea might be a commu-

nity ice-house, especially if a group of

homes were clustered about a cross-

roads, but Where artificial ice is avail-

able it is often cheaper and always

more sanitary than that obtained in

Winter from ponds or streams.





MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.





 





Wheat—Average estimated yield of

Wheat in the state is 15.67, in the

southern counties 15.58, in the central

counties 14.94, in the northern counties

16.11 and in the upper peninsula 18

bushels per acre. The total number

of bushels of wheat marketed by farm-

ers in June at 56 flouring mills is 53,-

730 and at 52 elevators and to grain

dealers 34,238, or a total of 87,968





commas

ties 14.90” and in the upper peninsula

16.92 bushels per acre-



Corn—The condition of corn in the

state is 68, in the southern counties 67,

in the central counties 64, in the north-

ern counties 72 and in the upper pe-

ninsula 74. One year ago the condi-

tion of corn in the state was 71.





Buckwheat—The acreage of buck-

wheat sown or to be sown as compar-

ed with last year is 105 in the state,

104 in the southern and northern coun-

ties, 107 in the central counties and

111 in the upper peninsula.



Beans—The acreage of beans plant-

ed or to be planted as compared with

last year is 100 in the state, 97 in the

southern counties, 102 in the cen-

tral counties, 110 in the northern coun—

ties and 105 in the upper peninsula.

The condition of beans compared with

an average is 84 in the state, 85 in the

southern counties, 80 in the central

counties, 86 in the northern counties

and 90 in the upper peninsula.



Potatoes—The condition of potatoes

in the state is 87, in the southern

counties 88, in the central counties 82,





 





in the northern counties 90 and in the:





upper peninsula 86.





Sugar Beets.——~The condition of sug-A





ar beets is 84 in the state and upper

peninsula, 87 in the southern counties,





78 in the central counties and 90 in the





northern counties.



Clover.—The condition of clover as

compared with an average is 100 in

the state, 99 in the southern counties.

98 in the central counties and 102 in





the northern counties and upper pe— -,





ninsula.



ties and 106 in the upper peninsula.

Hay and Forage—The acreage of



hay and forage that will be harvested



as compared with last year is 108 in





the state and southern counties, 106 in '





the central counties, 112 in the north-

ern counties and 110 in the upper pe-

ninsula.



Peas—The acreage of peas sown as

compared with last year is 97 in the

state, 102 in the southern counties, 105

in the central counties, 89 in the north-

ern counties and 103 in the upper pe-

ninsula.





Cucumbers—This is the first sea- ‘





son this department has asked corres-

pondents for report on acreage of cu-

cumbers planted and we are of the

opinion that not more than 50 per cent

has been reported, the acreage report-

ed is 16,720 in the state, 7,760 in the

southern counties, 4,750 in the central

counties, 3,600 in the northern coun-

ties and 610 in the upper peninsula.

Fruit—The prospect for a crop of

peaches in the counties included in the

Michigan Fruit Belt is as follows:





Allegan .......................... 70

Berrien .......................... 80

Ionia ............................ 23

Kent ............................ 43

Ottawa ........................... 55

Van Buren ....................... 72

Muskegon ........................ 59

N ewaygo ........................ 40

Oceana .......................... 67

Benz1e ........................... 68

Leelanan ........................ 76

Manistee ........................ 63

Mason ........................... 75





Average for Michigan Fruit Belt. . . 61

Average for Mich. Fruit Belt, 1915 73



The following table shows for the

state and the different sections the es-

timated acreage of the principal farm

products, fruit excepted, for the year





 





bushels. Of this amount 71,969 bush- 1916:

Southern Central Northern Upper

State, counties, counties, counties, Penin.

acres. acres. acres. acres. acres.

Wheat ............ 766,391 566,704 137,436 57,330 4,921

Rye .............. 310,836 220,755 91,438 94,857 3,786

Corn ........... 1,987,154 1,495,337 335,251 152,958 3,608

Oats ............. 1,722,923 1,094,047 403,533 165,295 60,048

Barley ............ 80,029 43,774 26,856 3,111 6,288

Buckwheat ....... 58,480 36,994 9,567 11,186 733

Beans ............ 443,587 189.763 218,751 26,789 8,284

Peas ............. 62,080 1,917 18,134 28,268 13,761

Potatoes .......... 361,599 169,405 78,090 92,568 21,536

Sugar Beets ...... 86,761 24,003 60,889 1,240 629

Hay and iorage. . . .2,331,631 1,367,666 539,664 280,069 144,232





 





els were marketed in the southern

four tiers of counties, 12,654 in the





central counties and 3,345 in the north- the state and the different sections:





.The following table of percentage

gives the averages in regard to fruit in





 





Apples—prospect for an average crop,

Peaches—Prospect for an average crop,

Pears—Prospect for an average crop,

Plums—Prospect for an average crop,





Orchards—Per cent that are cultivated..





Trees—Condition last spring’s setting,

Grapes—Prospect for an average crop,





Raspberries and Blackberries—Prospect for an av-

erage crop, per cent ................ . ........... 92 91 92 97 97





*—





 





ern counties and upper peninsula. The



estimated total number of bushels of



wheat marketed and used by farmers



in. the 11 months, August-June is 11,-



000,000. Seventy-one mills, elevators



and, grain dealers report no wheat

marketed in June.



Bye—The average :estimated yield



, inthe state is 18.90, in the



. 18 61,4111»le





   





 





the Chicago stock yards, the propor-

tion of sheep and yearlings now show-

ing up being very small, as is usual at

the midsummer period. Naturally, the

prices have suffered a large decline

from the fancy opening figures, but

they are still unusually high as com-

pared with other summers.





‘ State. Sou. Cen. Nor. Up.



Co.’s Co.’s Co.’s Pen.

per cent.. 76 73 78 81 90

per cent.. 67 71 55 66 ..

per cent.. 69 67 68 72 80

per cent.. 66 64 60 78 80

38 33 39 49 46

per cent.. 88 89 85 84 97

per cent. . .79 80 76 81 100





 





Spring lambs are arriving freely in





12.74, "in3 the “northern coun- ‘





 





 





 





 





r





   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





. o. B.

FOSTORIA





A Practical Car for the

Practical Farmer





Think over the car question—just what do you require?

Don’t you find most important-—





POWER, ROOM, STRENGTH

MODERN CONSTRUCTION





 





/////~‘ “





These four points are the ones most desirable for most farmers and they

show up strong in the Specifications of the Allen 37. You will find the

Allen up-to-date, powerful, roomy, well—built and complete.



There is no greater motor car value under $1000—there is no car so

well fitted for country use.



All we ask is comparison. Note these specifications.





Two-unit electric starting and lighting

system.



Weight 2300 pounds.



Gives 20 miles. 0:: a gallon ofzasoline.





llllllllll t” V_





37 H. P. 3%"):5" 4 cyl. motor.

ll2-inch wheelbase.



53-inch underslung rear springs.

Full floating rear axle.





“(





Model 37 has proven so satisfactory for the past year that it will be

continued for this our fifth successful season.





Write for the Allen Autolog. See the Allen next time you go to town.





The Allen Motor Company





1107 Allen Building





///..





 





 





 





FOSTORIA, OHIO





     





W/





 





   

 





4





_..—-—





_—__.!'-——-‘.: ”——

‘ .'|\|\'__———a——“"‘—”U—-.. _





 





ll

J





$19,000 CASH

IN BANK





 





“=3 w





 





 





 





 





_ $380,000 Saved in the Pockets of Our 9500 Members IN Comparison

With Rates m Stock Companies.





The only Mutual Company in Michigan on its second season of

successful operation.





_ This Company started at the right time of the year, and had the

first pick of the careful automobile owners of the State.





Many claims have been promptly paid for fire, theft, and liability.





. _ With over 2,000 accidents and about 1,500 automobiles stolen in

Michigan last year, every rudent man should insure in the B i g

Mutual which covers fire an theft, and protects you against the damage

cases brought against you above 825 and up to 85,000.





Cost only $6.50 on a Ford; others in proportion.

That is the reason 500 farmers and business men are joining this





 





 





Company each week.

Write, giving name of your car to





W. E. ROBB

fiOWELL, MICHIGAN
§ or; KEEPER-S" some





‘nanyprizes. E get?





I to twenty months old includin





 





Send for Catalog' for prices

of Bee Hives, etc. We sell every-

thing for bees. including begin.

ner‘s equipments.





BERRY BASKETS





Send for catalog C for prices

of Berry Baskets and crates-



' Special—200 Waxlined paper

berry baskets postpaid for

81.00 to any point Within 150

miles of Lansing.





I. ll. HUNT 8 SON, Box 525, LANSING, MICE,





10





4





r





 





POULTRY JOURNAL

Practical. Snappy. Instinctive—YOUR

APER. For the breeders of Mich..



1nd,, Ill.. Wis., only. You should read

it. 500 a year. 3 mo. 1 Agents

wanted. Big 4 Poultry Journal, Desk

26. Chicago.





- POULTRY.





BARRED Rocks Parks 200 Egg, Strain with records to

Meg a ear—$1.50 per 15 Delivered. By Parcel

post. fledvAstling. Constantine. Mich.





Cock birds, hens. Four” pullets





lsmd flock E s 1 ‘d 950 - e r.

W. C. COFFM‘AgN’. EENTO‘lBVggsHXJROEOszaMICH.





' ' ' Barred Plymouth

3min: Northern King Sirain 30...... H... w...

for 15. Both matings. Satisfaction

guaranteed. Cousins. North Port,Mich.





Hatch Every Week





Booking orders now for hatches July inst. and Aug. 8.

EVERFRESH EGG FARM, IONIA, MICHIGAN.





avid. w.





Em.





OHN'B Big, beautiful, hen-hatched Barred Rocks. ii

a





a), $2.50; 100. $7.00. Select matings 15, 84; 30, $1.00.

postpaid. Photos. Circulars. John Northon. Clare, Mich.



' Balance of season. Wh. and Brown Leghorn-z

chicks! 88.50, S. O. lieds Anconas, Wh. Wyandottefill

hundred,prepaid. Freeporl Hatchery, Box 12, Freeport. Mich.





IOR SALE





crels. Kietzien 8: Webster ,





Hatching

. Eggs

Fowlers’ Buii Books:





. U ‘llt e S $.75 for 1:). $1. 50 for 30.

gr 100.t1 Ii. fig FOWLER. Hartford.





Pure bred S. (l. Bull Leghorns

and white Plymouth Rock cock—

Bath, Mich.





Chickss]

Duckling





Bufl', Barred, Columbian. Par-

tridge, Silver and White Rocks

Pekinzind Rouen Ducks, Sheri-

dan Poultry Yards. Sheridan , 1H icli.





Prices reduced one

half, balance of seas-

32 for 50. $3.50

Mich.





Breeding Cockerels

White, Brown, Buff and Black Leghorn, Barred

Rocks





. Rh de I'land Reds. Prices Reasonable.

Bunnybrodlr Podltry Farms, Hilisdale, Michigan.

. —Whlte. Single-Comb Keller-



onpluaTous I struss 8 wks old ('lllX Cor-kerels





760., pullets :1. up. M.l:. THOMPSON, Redford, Mich





ine Crest, S. C. White ()rpingtons. _Ba.rgain.,4 year-

Pling hens and cock, $3, 5 2 and 51.). Just one half

will cost next is iriiig. MRS. WILLIS





t the

“ha y ioyalOak, Michigan.





ROUGH, Pine Crest Farm,





300 ll. i. BED "ENS. EfisgfiggEiiiiiglfesgiinigtrvggif

§fi¥gfifl1£fi§yfi¥§fi§x 39,'LAWRE(N§CE,MICH.





056 and Single comb Reds. young and old. for sale.

ROorrespondence as to your lied needs inVited.





JENNIE BUELL. Ann Arbor, R. 8, Michigan.





and S. C. R. I. Reds, eggs and breeding stock for

R. sale at reduced prices for bill. (ll season, Belgian

hares very reasonable. 0. E. Hawk-y, Lpdiuginn, Mich.





Rose Comb Brown Leghorns





d Gale strains $2.50 or 100 eggs. Oockereis

£32.33. CLAUDIA BE'IPTS. Hillsdale. Mich.

—-200 Egg Straixi——Eggs, chicks, 8



Ffl'rls [Ogiloms week-old pullets lrom hens with

records up to 264 eggs. Prize winners at largest shows.

Prompt shipment, prices low, quality guaranteed.

White Leghorns are best for eggs. We raise thousands.

l'roe catalog and price list gives particulars. Write for it now.

EEIIIS

RHODB ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS.

Males 5 to 12 lbs. according to a 082 to 85; P. B. one

weight 6 to 10 lbs.. eggs 15 for 8500 ; 100, S5; 120..$b.

Iammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys. 8 to 88 lbs. according

to age 86 to $25, 10 eggs S3. A. E. Cramton, Vassar. Mich.





reduced prices balance of sea-

‘3 :- "amburg sson. Free deliiiery. R.(). white

Leghorn hens $1. .





elgian Hare Bucks $5.00 with

Pedigree. RIVERVIEW FARM, Vassar. Mich.

ILVER GOLDEN AND WHITE “'YANDOTTES.

Eggs from all mattings, 1.50per 1:3, 52.50 per 30 until

July let. 0. W. Browning, R. 2, Portland, Mich.

Cock & Cockerels. Eggs $1, $2, $3,





I

'lllie w andoiio per 15. $4 or 50. $7 per 100.

DAVID AY. 202 Forest Ave, ’psiianti, Michigan.





BITE WYANDO’I‘TES. Eggs $1.50 per 15. $2.50

per 30. $7.00 per 100. From choice stock.

A. FRANKLIN SMITH, Ann Arbor, Michigan.





 





Boos

—1“ . .

FOB HUNTING £31. 033235“? glibiiim'i.’

w. a. LECKY. Holmasvllle. Ohio

00011. SKUNK





FOX, AND RABBIT HOUNDS





' Broke to an and field. and guaranteed. Fox,coon & rab-

bit houn pups, from the best of stock—$5.“) each.

pgfor photos. H. O. Lytle. Fredericksburg.0hic.





:BREEDERS’ DlRECTORY.





Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us

Ten Days before date of publication.





CATTLE.

AIERDEEN ANGUS : $3.582?





 





 





 





' Inc 15 head of Choice oung bulls, one two year old





Trojan Erica at mom i taken in 6 weeks, 14 head from

the first and second



rise. Senior bull calves at the 1 15 State Fair. Write

, Particulars, and come to the farm to look our

flock over they are of the Blackbird Trfifim-Ericas,





_K Pride Families onl . U. L. OLA , Hunters

fil‘Mich. ’SIDNEY SLXITH, Mgr. ‘





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





noun ns'ra'nusnnn IN 1900.

”-15 was and Bnacxnmns on .

breeder! c Percheron. Hackney and Bad e





v.





LEGHOII “II. 934 Unlon. Grand Rapids. Mich.-





 





 





Forcing an Early;





N early and rapid moult can be

forced if the proper care and

feeding is given to assist nature



in her work of preparing a new coat of

feathers for the hens. This feed, as I

have found it, should be rich in oils

and carbohydrates since they contrib-

ute largely to the structure and growth

of the new feathers. Of course, such

feeding must not be overdone suffi-

ciently to over—fat the hens as that

would be as destructive to their laying

qualities as a late moult would be, but

the feeder must gage the proportions

of the feed mixture by observation and

experience.



For a flock of eighty hens I have ob-

tained good results and cut the moult-

ing time in about half by feeding a

two-gallon ration of feeds in about the

following proportions: Kafir corn two-

fifths; millet one-fifth; coarse ground

corn one-fifth, and bran and oil meal

one-fifth, or enough to balance so that

it will crumble good when wet. Fed

at this rate, it would make about a

quart for' every ten hens, but this

would probably need to be varied ac-

cording to the needs of the particular

flock. As the moult advances, the

quantity of millet should be cut down

and other feeds substituted.





Roasting Quarters and Moulting.



In conjunction with a change of diet

the moult can be brought about sooner

by housing the hens in warm roosting

quarters. Nature endeavors to adjust

the warmth of the feather coat to suit

the comfort of the bird so that this

will tend to hasten the loosening of the

feathers. Then when the old feathers

loosen and new ones are starting it

will be found helpful to compel the

hens to roost in the coolest place pos-

sible but great care must be exercised

to be sure they are not forced to roost

in a draft. This will accentuate the

growth of a new coat of feathers to a

wonderful extent so that if any are to

be used for exhibition purposes at the

county fairs the birds will be plump

and sleek with a fine new coat of per—

fect feathers. Some poultry raisers

have found it advisable to pluck the

old feathers as soon as they are loos-

ened so that a new feather will not be

hindered in its growth by being obliged

to push the old feather out of the way.

This is undoubtedly a good practice

but will require considerably more

time than the average farmer is able

to give to his poultry.





Keep Males in Separate Quarters.



It is but very little trouble to pen

the male birds up in separate quarters

during moulting time and permit no

breeding. It is better for the hens as

well as for the male birds. A tempor-

ary wire netting and some ordinary

coops will furnish them with sufficient

shelter an droom for exercise.



Usually in a flock of hens there are a

number that will moult late no matter

how much care and attention is given

them. These will not begin laying un~

til late in the winter and as a rule

will not be worth their keep, so that it

is a profitable riddance to cull out the

late moulters and put them on the

market at the earliest date possible.



One possible hindrance to an early

and rapid moult would be trouble from

1108, and for this reason even if for no

other, it is best to take added precau-

tions to thoroughly cleanse the roost-

ing rooms and rid the hens of lice be-

fore moulting time begins. The past

season has been especially bad for lice

on account of so much rainy weather

keeping the dusting places wet and

muddy so the hens cannot dust them-

selves and bask in the sun.



Nebraska. , P. H. E.

SCALY LEGS.





I have a flock of Plymouth Rocks





.which are affected with sore feet and





scabby legs. .Looks like dried bread

crumbs.

Eaton Co. C. T. D.





Your hens have what is called scaly

legs, a disease caused by mites which





where they live and breed. The scaly

appearance is caused by the crusty de-'

posit made by the mites. As “the dis-

ease progresses the feet become in-

volved and it becomes difficult for the

fowl to walk. _





This trouble is somewhat contagious

but is more prevalent on fowls which

lack the natural supply of oil in the

skin. It, also, spreads faster when the

fowls are kept on dry barren ground,

especially that tending toward an alka-

line condition or having ashes or cin-

ders in it.





Individual treatment is necessary to

effect a cure, the application of some

penetrating oil being necessary. For

this a mixture of one part of kerosene

and two parts of raw linseed oil will

give good results. An easy method of

applying this is to put the mixture in

a tall quart measure and then, at night

dip the legs of the birds in .it for a few

moments. Care must be used to keep

the skin of the legs under the feathers

from getting wet with this mixture as

the kerosene will have an irritating

effect on the skin.





A teaspoonful of kerosene to one

quart of water applied as above will

also give good results but the raw lin-

seed oil will have a softening and heal-

ing effect that the water does not have.





HATCHING TROUBLES.—CAPONS.





What causes young chicks to die in

the shell at hatching time? Some die

after piping. Is it improper ventila-

tion of the incubator? Eggs seem to

have plenty of moisture. The chicks

that hatch all seem strong and heal-





thy. Would also like information about

caponizmg.



Lapeer Co. READER.



Your idea of the probable cause of

your trouble in hatching is right. Im-

proper ventilation or insufficient mois-

ture will always cause trouble. Very

often one provides what he thinks is

plenty of moisture for the incubator,

but if the incubator is in a room in

which there is heat or where it is very

dry, the surrounding atmosphere coun-

teracts to a great extent the effect of

the moisture supply. Insufficient mois-

ture will cause a dryness of the shell

and a toughening of the tissue just be-

neath the shell which will make it dif-

ficult for the chick to pick its way

through.





Eggs with weak germs may also de-

velop until about hatching time but the

developing chick will not have strength

enough to pick its way through the

shell. Too much heat or improper ven-

tilation which will allow the fumes of

the lamp to enter the egg chamber has

a debilitating effect upon the develop—

ing chick.



Those who are making caponizing a

business find it very profitable. The

highest prices usually prevail from

January to May, when the prices paid

for dressed capons range from 20 to

30 cents per pound. The best breeds

for caponizing are such as the Brah-

mas, Plymouth Rocks and Wyandottes.

The best time to caponize is when the

birds are between two and three

months old. It is best to caponize a

fowl which has been hatched early in

the spl‘ing, so that it is entirely

recovered from the operation before

hot weather sets in. A well-grown

capon will average between ten and

twelve pounds when one year old. Out-

fits for caponizing can be bought from

poultryvsupply dealers and directions

for caponizing usually accompany each

outfit.





—-—%—_____





When range is limited spade up the

runs or move the brood coop a short

distance daily.



Spoiled or decaying flesh,rif eaten,

will surely cause limber neck, Burn

or bury the dead.



Do not'keep unnecessary male birds.

An extra. vhen eats no more ,and may





layeggafir I, .





 





 





. 9 fl ‘:



, D



Average yearly production 422.3 lbs. of fat. three

fourths of them making their records as two year

olds. By the use of a pure bred sire. a big im-

provement can soon be attained if the right

selection is made. The breeding of the Beach

Farm Herd is as good as can be found. and we

guarantee them to be free from contagious dis-

eases and to be satisfactory in every way or





giloney refunded. Write and let us tell you about

em. -





CAMPBELL 8 ANGEVINE,





Coldwater, Michigan.





P B d Aberdeen A s. a few bulls and heifers

II" [I one Year an older at one .

GEO. KATHAWAY & SON. OVID. MICHIG.AN.





IYRSHIHES'O“ of the foremost dair breeds.



most economical milk reducers. Calves

for sale. White ghorn cookers s; Duroc Jersey

swine. Michigan School for the Deaf. Flintdflchigan.





VILLAGE FARMS, incorporated

Grass Lake, Michigan,

GUERNSEY CATTLE

BERKSHIRE HOGS





 





 





 





 





eg. Guernsey Bulls, serviceable age. great grand

sons of Gov. Chane, also grade Guernsey and Jersey heifers

6 win old 820 each. Avondale Stock Farm, Wayne. Mich





(‘1 uernsey (May R058) Bull for sale, born Se 1:. 5, 1913.

I S lendid animal in every respect, Dam 520 lbs. fat

class . J. K. Blatchford, Auditorium Tower, Chicago. ill.





 





of service age and calves from

Guernsey Bulls choice. Adv reg. breeding.





'r. v. moxs. Route I. Battle. Ceeek, Mich.





 





Guernse s, yearling bull also a bull calf. Gr.

Son. auline Sottswood W5 lbs.fat, cheap enou h

soyou can buy. J. M. Williams. No. Adams, Mic .





GUERNSEYS





We offer a choice lot of high grade Guerney cows and

heifers. bred to registered hulls La’i‘ertreof Maple

Lane, No. 2319?. and Sir Dena. No. 36173. Prices reason-

able. THE JENNINO'S FARMS. R. l. Bailey, MiCh.





GU E R N S E Y S}%‘§,‘¥%§%§%

Continuity: blood of world chain ions.

HICKS' OUER SEY FARM. Saginaw. EV 8.. Mich.





Herefords—One Bull Calf.





ALLEN BROS. PAW PAW, MICK.

4 Bulls,





HEREFORDS : 4 Heifers.





EARL C. MCCARTY, Bad Axe, Michigan.





 





 





 





 





 





 





Purebred Registered

H O L S T E l N

G A T T L E





Holoteins. the best dual purpose breed.





Notable characteristics of the re istered

purebred Holstein-Friesian cattle are hea th and

a hardiness adaptable to all climates,a_ high stan-

dard of vital force. large and easily raised calves.

ability toldigest and consume t e rou huge of the

farm and transmute it into the valuab e products,

milk. butter, veal, beef and surpassing all other

breeds in tlie profitable production of milk and

butterfat. The auction p' ices of this big Black-

and—White" breed have doubled in the past few

years. Investigate them.





Sand for FREE Illustrated Descriptive Booklet.





'l'iie Ilolsieln'l'rleslan Association oi America.

17. L. Houzhton. Scc'y., 30! Mi. Brslueboro. VI.





Do You Want A Bull?





Ready For Sex-Vice.



grand daughter of The King of tho

Pontiacs. Sir-ed by a bull that is more than a half

brother to the Champion Holstein Cow of tho

World. and whose dam is a 30 lb. 6% f fat daughter

of Pontiac Aggie Korndylrewho has more 30 lb.

daughters than any other livmg bull, If you do

write for pedigree.





EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall, Mich;





HOLSTEIN BULLS FOR SALE





Four of them from 12 to 17 months old by 31 lb.

sire dam‘sA.R.O. Price $100.00 to $150.00. Younger





bull calves from .00 up.

BLISSVELDT ”RMS, Jeniaon, Michigan





FOR SALE





SOME VERY FINE YOUNG BULLS

Whose sires have as high as 31 lbs. of butter b ind

them. As they are young, will make a low rice on

them. IG 0 'S LSTEIN ARMS.



BREEDSVILLE MICE.





 





 





 





 





From a





 





 





 





HOLSTEINS, a'nice straight deep bodied. blocky built

bull calf born Oct. 5th, 1915. His 7 nearest dams

have A. R. ( . records that average butter 7 days 2.11%

lbs.. milk 533.36 lbs. W. B. READER, Howell, Mich.

30 lb bull for sale, 2 years old, b“

. the Pontiacs. Dam sold for 81

Ford. J. Lange.





 





son of King of

in Detroit sale.

bewainz. Mich.





% ets Hazel-let randson of Ma lecrest DeKol

t. 75 arthenea and Pontiac Mai 30 2 lb. Born

March %. Dam Pontiac Hesperia 2nd, 14.89 lb; 436.6 lb;

her dam's airs brother to sire of world" record cow 313841!)

milk 1 yr. M. L. McLAULIR, REDFORD. MICE.





i [love Holstein Bulls, 31%? Cxatlxegr’it‘ich‘t





I can show breeding. records in dividuality and auras

tive prices. L. E. CONNELL, Fayette, Ohio.





“.'l'0 P N GTC ii 7’ Holstein





By careful retention, for many years, of largest? yo-

ducing team as and use of superior sires. a hr in .

herd of wonderful quality has been established. We

are selling young bullso this"'l 0P NOTCH"ouallty."

of serviceable age. at moderate rices. Informati





wiggesmton on application. cPHERBON FAR

.. owell. Michigan. ' _ _ .,





 





.FOK ISALETwo Holoto'm Bun ‘
* Veterinary. '





.manner—you will find this treatment





 





lllllllllllillli





-—





 

 

 





' , .uumimmnmmnuuuuualuminium"nmmmmmumuum

CONDUCTED BY w. c. FAIR, v. s.





 





Elbow Tumor.—-I have a nine-year-

old mare with a soft bunch about the

size of my two fists, just back of the

fore leg; up next to the body. Every-

one tells me it is a shoe boil., H. F.

McC., Ewen, Mich—If it is doing no

harm, leave it alone until cool weath-

er, then have bunch cut out, or apply

tincture of iodine three times a week.



Poll-evil.-—Is there any cure for a

horse that has poll-evil and if so please

give it. F. A. F., Kalkaska, Mich..—

There is a certain amount' of surgical

work required in order to obtain the

proper drainage and this work should

be done by a competent Vet. If not

you will findpoll-evil difficult to cure.

Inject a small quantity of tincture of

iodine into cavity, or apply iodoform

every day or two. Many cases of poll-

evil are infected by using dirty sy-

ringes.



Wind Galls—Navel Infection—Have

a two weeks’ old colt which appears

to have wind puffs on hock which

cause considerable pain and lameness.

This bunch appeared quite suddenly.

T. E., Suttons Bay, Mich—Your colt

suffers from navel infection (joint ill)

and it is now too late to do much for

it. The colt should be well fed and if

the navel is not yet healed, apply one

part iodoform and nine parts boric

acid once or twice a day. If your 10-

cal Vet. treats the case, ask him to

give the bacterin treatment and he will

obtain fairly good results. Apply one

part tincture iodine and four parts

spirits of camphor to swollen joint

once a day. Had you treated the navel

properly, this ailment could have been

avoided.



Too Much Kidney Action.—-—I have a

five-year-old gelding that urinates six

or eight times a day and his water is

of a yellow color, but so far as I can

tell, the horse is healthy. M. A. McK.,

Prescott, Mich—Give your horse a tea-

spoonful of acetate of potash at a dose

in feed once or twice a day. He is

perhaps drinking freely of water and is

perhaps perfectly healthy.



Scours.——I have a colt six weeks old

which had an attack of scours when

two weeks old. I gave it castor oil

which appeared to effect a cure, but

the colt is dull and does not have very

much appetite. W. .W., Carsonville,

Mich—Give colt 2 grs. of quinine and

15 grs. of bicarbonate of soda at a dose

three times a day.



Sores on Back—I would like a little

veterinary advice about a cow that

had some sores on her back last spring

which are now healed, but there is a

sort of horny substance in scars that I

would like to take off. R. C. H., Ash-

ley, Mich—Apply one part vinegar and

four parts water occasionally.



Foreign Body in Stomach—For the

past Six weeks one of my cows has

been gradually growing thinner; does

not cough, has no pain, but usually

bloats after eating food. Our local

Vet failed to help her. F. J. D., Mon-

roe, Mich.—-—I am inclined to believe

that your cow has swallowed some for-

eign body Which is lodged in her stom~

ach and it will. perhaps cause her

death. Your local Vet. has doubtless

done his best and I would advise you

to act on his advice. By giving her 1/2

oz. doses of hyposulphite of soda three

times a day, it might help her.



Contagious Abortion—I have a reg-

istered heifer which lost her calf at

six months and three of my other cows

failed to get with calf. Would you ad-

vise me to breed this heifer, or what

had I better do? I have sold my herd

bull and have a younger one ready to

take his place. G. B., Homer, Mich.—

I am inclined to believe that you have

contagious abortion in your herd and

as you perhaps know, there is no sure

and certain remedy for it; however,

cleanliness and disinfection of your

cow stable and premises, and giving

each cow three or four drams of

methylene blue in a gelatine capsule

daily for six days, then discontinue

the treatment for eight or ten days,

then give the same number of doses

two days apart, and at the same time

treating your herd bull in a similar





will produce fairly good results. In my

practice I find, few dairymen willing

to do the work and spend the money

necessary to get rid of contagious

abortion.



Umbilical Hernia—I have a three-

month—old bull calf that has a navel

rupture the size of a hen egg. Is there

a cure? J. E. 8., Marion, Mich—The

only remedy for a case of this kind is

a surgical operation performed by a

competent Vet. and I might say that

the operation is neither expensive nor

dimcult and is usually successful; .how-





 

 





"so PM Sale





Breakwater Cherry King and Gold

Principal Herd.

catalog.





ug.





 





 





12 Spring boar pigs and gilts, sired mostly b

e believe this is the best 0 fering we have yet sold and no

breeder wishing to buy Durocs can‘afford to miss this sale.





BROOKWATER FARM,





ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN





 





 





it Done“ Jerseys





BROOKWATER FARM 3





This Offering Features:

30 Yearling Sows bred for fall farrow to such noted boars as Panama Special,





Model. 3 Ready for service Boers.





the great breeding boar, The





Send for illustrated





ug.





 





Holstein Bull 19 Months Old





His dam an 18113. grand-daughter of King Seng at.

4 years. Site’s dam 30.59 lbs. of butter at 5ycars.

His grandsire a. brother to the $50,000 bull. A

rizc winner. More White than black, F- O. B.

YRON FIERO & 00.. R. 5. Dowagiac. Mich.





rade up your herd with one of our IIolstem bulls.

Their six nearest dams on the sure 3 Side avers,



24 lb butter in '1 (in. The semi-official yearly recor s

of three of these dams, including two two-year old

heifers, average 842 lb. of butter and 18,000lb. of milk.

Six tonine months of age and from A. R. 0. dams.

Peaceland Stock Farm, Three Rivers.‘Mich. Chas.

Peters, Herdsman. C. L. Brody,0wner,PortHuron,Mich.





HOBART W. FAY,





M SON, MICE.

REGISTERED HOLSTEINS

ESTABLISHED U04.





HOICE HOLSTEIN BULLS—all from A.R.O. dame

Entire herd on Semi of. test for yearly work. Jr.

Z—yr.-old just finished year’s record of over 1.).0‘00 lbs.

milk,over1000 lbs. butter record in mature clnssl .he'rry

Creek Stock Farm, Ml). Parmelle, l’rop., Hilllurd!,Mlch.





f0" S‘LE Reg. Holstein females Pontiac Korndyko

and Hen erveld DeKol Breeding. Price

right. 1 to 5 years. John A. Rinke, Warren. Mich.





6 Holstein Bulls





ileadyi‘or service, at farmers' prices. All have high

testing A. it. 0. daughters from world ltecord ‘ blre,

nothing better at any price. LOXG .BEACH E ARM,

Gull Lake. (Kalamazoo Co.) Michigan.





olstein Calves, 10 heifers, and Manila 15-16ths pure,

H5 weeks old, beautifully marked,8‘.’.0.00 each, Grated

lo: shipment anywhere. Edgcwood Farm,Whltowater,Wm.





lam goinglo all 9 head ollhoroughbnd Halal-ins.





J. W. TROIBLY. WARREN. MICHIGAN.





UR SALE—5 two car old Re istered Holstein

F heifers and one 2 {car old Bull or .512.) each. Pine

Hill Farm, R. No. 3. Howard City. Mich.





illlo Farmstead Jersey Cettll. lull calves from R.

of M. Cows. also heifer calves and several bred

heifers for sale. Colon 0. Lillie. Coopereville. Mich.





from high-producing dammwith

1"", Bl"! l0! Sal! testing Also. records. alao on

semi-official test. 0. B. Wehner, R. 6, Allegan, Mich





‘enior herd bull,Majesty'a Wonder 90717 for sale.sire‘

blloyal M ajesty,1)am )Iina's Dep‘drop, his full sister

Majesty’s Butter ('up produced 706.2 lbs butter in 1 yr.

Sons of Royal Majesty are scarce, here is a chanceto

get. one reasonable, must. sell to avoid too close in-

breeding, write for particulars,aleo choice you}: bulls

from above sire. Alvin Balden, Capnc, Mic igan.





' ' A 10 mos. old. solid color bull now

HlllSIde Farm 1073']: offered for sale. Dam is a R. ofM.





cow with recrrd of 546 lbs. of butter an a 3 yr. old. lie is a

fine individual, Price right. C. a O. Deake, Ypsilanti, Dllch.





M ' L R. of M. JERSEY HERD offers for Iale,

3P0 Illa tuberculin tested cows, boilers, bulls,

and bull calves backed by several generations of R.

of M. breed.ng. IRVIN FOX. Allegnn. Michigan.





JERSEY BULL CALF FOR SALE





Ready for service. Majesty—Raleigh breeding.

Meadowlend Farm. Watermaub Waterman. Ann Arbor, Mich,





BEEISIEBED JERSEY BULL! FillloSliE





l earling, and Bull calves from 8 to 1 months

old. Also 3 cows. Write your w

SMITH- PARKER, R. D. No.4.





ants.

Howell, .Vlichigan.

FOR BALE—Jersey male calf. Dam. Count‘e 'Arn-

belle; aire. Golden Oxford Lad. From Pierce’sherd





Grand Rapidanquire RR. Record. Caledonia, Mich.





BIDWELI. SHORTHORNS





For ”Beef and Milk"





Registered bulls,

Scotch - to pod roams.

reds and w ite for sale.

Farm at N.Y.C. Depot;

also D. ’1'. dz 1. B'y.





lddma B.I.Schmiu Mgr.





IIDWELI. STOCK PARII

Box B. Tecumseh. Mich.





 





 





 

 





 





\.





Albion Stamp 352670





 





 





 





Shorthorn Cattle ol both Sex lor Sale





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





lllllll IRE” Shel-thorns of best. Bates strains.you_ng

bull 8 months old for sale. price 81.50.

J. B. BUMMELL. MASON. MICHIGAN.





OR Sale-Reg. Short. Horn Bulls by Maxwalton

Monarch 2nd,a non of Avondale,from8 to 10 moe.old

John Schmidt, Reed City. R. No. 5.. Michigan.





“Million” cows Fun s‘lE : No Bulls at





firesent.

E. 1!. Station. Elsie. H. B. PETERS. Car and, Mich.





ND POLLED DURHAMS FOR. SALE.

Shlrlhfl IAIave red roan and white. Have over 100





head in herd. C. Carbon, Leroy. Mich.





:Mh —-Dalry or beef bred. Breeding stock all

om: ages for sale at farmers prices. C..W. Crum

Secy. Cent. Mich. Shorthorn Breederl' Alain. McBride. Mich





we 11"]. red rhorthom Bulls Roan Calf 9 mo. old

Poll A no Bull calf. 8 mo. old, not reg. Priced to

move qui leE'S Stock Farm, Mariette. Mich, R. l.





 





3h rthorn Calumyoun bulll and heifer-

lll ""5 £103.me com and halter. $150.00. Write.

. J. BELL. BOSE crrv. mcnrcan.





Ii Bhortborne, roan 3 year old, Bates bred herd





bull 8250. You .bulle a heifera.

DAVIDSONk HALL. “CW8“. MICHIGAN.





mlmm sumo» laminaw

yr. old. H. W. MANN. 'Deunwille.





 





 





3 Herbert W. Mumford, Owner. 0. F. Foster, Manager 3

“1181‘ $100 TAKES . Hoos.

CHECK HIM lloyallon Bred Berkshires. Eéi‘fi‘flfl?‘ .' 51393





shaped and marked 87.00 each. Order quick.

D. F. VALENTINE, Supt. Temperance. Mich.





of best. breeding,of various agea,eithet

BerRShires sex, all registered stock, no akin.

special reduced price. Write your wants quic .

Mitchell's Lakeside Farms, R2. Bloomingdale. Mich.





SWIGARTDALE FARM





HOLSTEINS AND BERKSHIRES



We have for sale a line bull calf born March 6th,nicely

marked.d.am anineteen pound three year old, price

8100. In .Berkshires we have a nice lot of fancy fall

boars,sired hy Sensational Charmem Masterpiece 2nd,

also spring boars, these are all large high 01338 ani-

mals.of unsurpassed breeding,our prices are right, and

we guarantee to please. or return your money.





Swiaarldale Farm, Pelersburg, Mich.

The Very Finest Berkshire Pigs Cheap





C. S. BARTLETT, Propr. Domino, Michigan





 





 





 





erkshircs. I have t} choice full gilts bred for Sept-

farrowlng at $11) each for immediate delivery.

A. A. PAI l l.].L(), It. 4. Deckerville Mich.





 





' 01’ various ages, either sex open orbred

IEIkSlllreS. prolific strains, Registere , at. moderate;





price. Elmliumt Stock Farm. Almont. Michigan.





 





and lied pigs. price. weight;

““90 Jersey soars .etc. given. I guarantee satis

faction, express prepaid. J.ll.Bnnghart.East Lansing





 





uroc Jerseys. some choice Jan. boars. spring pigs.

pairs dz trlos not. akin, a few sow-s for June farmw

of leading blood lines. W. C. Taylor, Milan, Mich.





 





-l‘all and aprin i Ieith .f

our“: “my: choice straina.l p38 0 B'EXIl’IxiMrAOR





CHERRY LAWN rum. shepim'd. Michigan.





 





flows and ilta bred for

name Jersey earlySepc.garrow.pr-ing





pigs, either sex. E. D. Heydenoerk, Wayland, Mich.





 





Duroc Jerseys, choice breeding spring pi s

F" sale, . either. sex. Prices rig it. g

John lit-Nicol], Station A, ll. 4, Bay City, Mich





 





DURQC Jerseys. Apr. pigs either sex. boars ready for

service and a. few bred sows for Sept. and Oct. Some

Holstein cows breed for fall. E. H. Morris.flonroo,lliich.





DUROC JERSEYS ;-- “$3313.?”





present. Wm. W. Kennedy, Grass Lake, Michigan.





DUROG JERSEYS—$0.33.. £53118?





Carey U. Edmonds. Hastings, Michigan.





 





 





 





I have some good last September



Duroc Jerseys no... a... .3... a... w... b.

bred for September farrnw.



H. G. Keesler. R. No. 5. Cnssopolls. Michigan





 





9 Combined. size, quality. breeding.

llollfllll S nurocs Herd boars. spring hours. spring





sows for sale. Orlo. L. Dobson, Quincy, Michigan.





 





Aug. 1 ~





 





 





October boars i hi . >

mi. tor,A “13.3.55?“ at.”

o. J. THOMPSON. lgoo‘hford. alone-m.





' Send me our order for oh ' a

ll. l. c '- shipped 6. 0. D.‘ and ngifigredlllnhgd’ghrz

aer’e' name. G. P. ANDREWS, Danaviile, Mich.





o. I. c.





' m ”i5 m. o. I. c. and chain viii. figs





From eb. Mar. and Apr. furrow aired b the five beet

boars in the state. School Master 5270? w 0 won more

champions. defeated more champions than any boar

show 1915. Abo 2nd, site to our undefeated breeders

young herd at 7 state fairs Allen junior champion:

Win. State fair 1914, and daptain Jim 61, under

months boar and Junior chem ion at every state fair

show 1915. Then we have Le our model



in class at: Sioux City, Iowa. 1914. Get our catalogue.

its free. We Register Free; Guarantee satisfao ion

in every way.



ROLLING VIEW STOCK FARM. Cass City. Mich.





o l c bred gilte all sold, am ofl'ering Be t. boars

' ' . and gilts, large growthy ones, an

orders for spring pigs. A.J. Barker, R. l, Belmont.Mlch





 





o I cl8 A few bred sows to furrow in April. May

' - U and June. I have201nst.fnll boars to offer,

also gilt! Have them not akin. All good stock.





Otto B. schulze. Nashville. Mich. 34 mile weltof depot.





a ' c 8 Some extra good fall boar-a; aleo

. 0 0 gilts. Satisfaction guaranteed.

A. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan.





 





 





0. l. C. SPRING PIGS. v'iffi‘l’ro‘frlil‘efi





JULIAN P. CLAXTON. Ewart! Creek. “I’ll.

Strictly





0. I. 0. ind cluster Whit. Swine. 3.. Type.





Spring pigs. now ready to thin. Can turnieh in pain

not akin. These pigs are sired by Lenghty Prinoo

and Model lat. Two as good big tyae beer.

as there is in the breed. I will ehi . 0. D.

and record them free. NEWMA ‘I STOCK

FARM. MARLETTE. KICHIGAN. B. No. 1.





3'3" C. September pl s, 3.3.52 $3513“





. M ILETT, owlerville, Michinn,





 





 





if vouar in rested



O. I. c. SWINE: 05:, (ref latency-tag

you with a choice air or trio, not akin, or a gilt. duo

to furrow about eptember first.



A. J. GOBDEN. R. No. 2. Dorr. Inch.



5 Palrsiand Trios no akin. 2



O. I. CI ‘ Holstein bulle6and8 meatballs:

Cloverleaf Stock Farm. Monroe. Mich.. R. No. l.





 





 





Choice Gilte bred for fall Far d :1

0. l. c. Pigs. Prize Winning Stock. r(ll’vrl‘txela 2.21::

A. V. HATT, Grass Lake, Michigan.





0 I c Swine and Rex. Holsteine, few boar pigs of

. n . M ay farrow at a reasonable price,quality con-

sidered. ELMER E. SMITH, Redford, Michigan.





C

Boa rs at Half Price

We still have a few big boned, big type Poland China

boars ready for Service, wei hing up to 2501be.noth8

at. 320 do $2.5 each. Registere in buyer's name. leo

registered black Percheron Stallion 2yeare old 8H,”.

J. C. BUTLER. Portland, Mich.. Boll Phone.





ma ‘nPE Poland China sows bred for July and

August arrow. Spring pigs.

G. W. BOLTON. Route 11, Kalamazoo Michigan.





Big Type Poland chinas”Egéiiné’fofii‘é‘il‘itflimm"

pigs, A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. Ilchigon.





Poland China Spring‘ Pig's





Our herd sire was Champion and Grand Champial

at the State Fair last fall. Our sows are great big.

stretchy, splendid individuals. with best. b

Pigs from such matings will please you. Get our prices,





HILLGREST FARM





KALAHAZOO, MIOH.





price.





 





 





 





 





 





 





10R SALE. P. 0. Sons. “Big Type "bred forBe

furrow. Extra good 7 months boar. March





April pigs. Sit“. Minorcus. li.\V. Mills, Saline,Mloh. »





 





' Afew choice fall boars read!

[“80 Sham P- c- for sci-lice, and 1 May bout.

Gilts for early furrow all sold, a. few choice Glltato

furrow in An g.. and Sept... bred to black Wonder-ad

Uaklnnds Equal Jr. H. i). Swnrtz, Schoolcraft, Mich.





Gills and sows. Bred for Mar.

hang: ll!” P. - April inrrow. Sitcd by Big 1).:

o nes.





ig Knox Jr.,ahd Giant Delender. Bred (508'

Knox .lr. Smooth \V under 3 and Big Jumbo. murmur

est. hours in state. Come or write. W.l-I. l.ivingston.Puma,Ilch.





 





 





Ready (or service. Big,

DurocJersey Boats smooth, lengthy fellows.

Grand Champion blood lines, Gilts bred ior Sept. iar~

row. F. J. DRODT, R. l, Mom-0.x, Michigan.





10: Type Poland Chinas. Six-ed by Bi T e I

“our 1000 lb. boar. Spring pigs. sirgd byypbig on"

lung, Fenenmeyer A Wonder Jr., and ow'e

Bone. W. rewbaker 4% Sons. Elsie. Michignn,





 





urocs. Sows to furrow Aug. and Sept., spring pigs,

‘ either sex. 'l’en-lieron Stud colt. one year old.

1‘..J.ALDRICH. l‘ekonsha, Cal. (.10.. Mich.,Bell Phone.





Sows Bred for Aug.and Se (2. Nat ,

Duroc JUISWS- also early Spring Boarp mixers

M. A. BRAY. OKEMOS, (lngham Co.) ich.





 





DurocJerseys, if you want a spring boar sired by

PrinClple 4th you’ll have to hurry,are goingfaetmnly

nfewleft.‘ J. not...” nit-1..., 1:. 3 St. Johns, Mich.





 





 





' ill! .

For Sale Poland China: $1..qu 22.?an3 Sgiéwhrinot

P. D. Long, R. F. D. No. 8. Grand Rapids. lc .





 





H eavy boned Poland China Spring pigs from lam

Prolific sowa. also young and older sows bred for

Sept. furrow. ROBERT NEVE. Piueon,Michiufl.





Large Type RC. Sows d: Gilts all sold. Have 3 extra





good spring boars. Sired by Big Defender.

W. J. HAGELBBAW. Augustl. chhlgl





Large Yorkshires ‘1‘3':





 





 





 





‘vm -, __





RaiseChesterWhiteS i

Like This ' '5





uhe original big producerle‘





.y// t: i





HAVE started thousands of breeders on the road to

euccesa. I can help you. X want to lace one hog from

my great herd in every community where am not. already re

‘ ‘ these time early developers—ready for market at x

months 0hr. Write for my plan— ‘More oney rom Hogs,"





G. I. BENJAIIN, R. 2. D. 10 Mind, Michigan





0. l. C. BREE GILTS, filigpei’fins. B?”

Mich.





LCARL JEWETT. Mason.





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





I



:l‘ I -:v'. 7- I

In . n . Will!

3;; :1. m Sale—Ill Ag»:

Ill Bum inumhflmhml

IVE . . .



I . ..



I





IrhMelle Fem . 1

Grand lodge. lich.





 





 





 





”$331,11th .seonsidered ltm the

. , M1912 “flycatcher! ; _





 





_ M- ..~





 





' Ila ballad

HmHuwWEIE“ MW mi





 

 





' :m—A nice lot of a ring pi . rite

' “name a. a“... 3'“ 3°“





F

g





 





 





 





cunts m”...so.........3.,._,.m,m, . _

pigs in 1mm“ ”or “kin' ‘ September [153. 2 sprln boars. Prices reasonable.



F- W. ALEXANDER. Vassar, Mich, w. 0. COO . Route 0. 1. ADA. MICHIGAN.



onowrnv TH E marl-cg





 





PROLIFIC ‘ ‘ M u LE FOOT' ' nesusr-

PROFITABLE HOG ING





rouuonion srocu mom “or aLooo or cam





THE CAI-"Ll. FARMS

numnzoo - - - - Mlcmeau





 





 





HAMPSHIRE SWINE 'li‘"





registered. John W. Snyder, R. 4, St. Johns, fiioh.

- - fl

llalllllSllllB Swme. BredSowa and gilt: {orS \églu‘lt





September rarrow .

both sex. FLOYD MYERS, R. No. 59, Degamr.

ll. ll. llalladay





0. ll. nailaday 8:. Son

Breeders of Hampshire Swine.

Write your wants. Clinton. Mich.





SHEEP.





Kope Kon F arms Offer.

100 Yearling Shropshire Rome.



100 Yearling And A ed Ewes.



s. 1.. WING. PROPER” xmmlnnoox. non.





 





 





ewes of all ages for sale.

:1. Lennon. llohlgnn.





llxlord Doro Sim . °°°d mm“ ““d m “'





M. F. GA!!!





HORSES





 





lmhwflgldoinaingfianmmlm





 





1943,
" f V ' ' * ensuegrammars,an ‘

' Finance and Investment and this is assured by the fact that

The-Difference Between Preferred and ter all expenses of the business are





 

 





. . ey, preferred dividend and a proper



N previous articles the fundamental amount credited to surplus, he gets the

difference between StOCkS m gen- rest. In prosperous times it is readily

oral and bonds in general has. been seen that the common stock disburse-

explained and future articles will go ments may be very large, just as in

'into detail concerning the fundamental misfortune the losses may be very

distinctions which characterize the dif— heavy.

ferent classes of bonds. In order that The common stock runs the busi-

the readers of this Journal may get a ness, takes the greater risk and re-

comprehensive View Of finance and 9}" ceives the greater profits. The prefer-

joy a working knowledge 0f the "1' red stock enjoys more privileges by

struments 0f finance it becomes 1190618- sacrificing other considerations, takes

sary to treat of as many subjects 111 smaller return but expects greater

general as possible in the earlier dis- safety. It is the old story of the great—

cussions in order to lay a foundation or the risk the greater the return, per-

for the more intelligent reading 0f de- haps. Because of these limitations the

tails later. price of preferred stays very close to



Just as most bonds are included in par but the price of common is much

the more conservative class of invest- higher or lower in direct ratio to the

ments than most stocks because of the prosperity of the company. One is the

additional safeguards with which they speculation, the other the investment,

are surrounded, preferred stocks are and the preferred stock houses are

intended to embody certain features holding the bond up as the acme of

with respect to common stocks in their perfection to which they hope to at-

legal and business standing which put tain in their preferred stock safe-

them in the more favored class as a guards and investment provisions.

strictly investment security. Of late Bonds, preferred stock and common

years they have received the attention stock are favored in their investment

of investment bankers to the end that qualities in the order named and en-

more refinements may be proposed in joy the privileges or give up income

an effort to enable the business man yield to the same extent.

or company to interest investment cap— J. R. MILLIGAN,

ital in his security without mortgag- Financial Editor.

ing his property or consenting to some

of the provisions which a bond issue A TRIBUTE TO THE PIONEER.

force him into. This Situation has

made for a great many splendid pre-

ferred stock issues of good investment

standing and supplied the business

with necessary financing in a very sat-

isfactory manner.



One of the greatest objections which

business men have to putting a mort-

gage on their fixed assets in securing

a bond issue is the added difficulty in

providing for temporary accommoda-

tions at the bank. Bankers in loaning

money like to feel that in the event of

any trouble leading up to liquidation,

they are on the same footing or if pos-

sible secured by prior claims than the

other creditors. The very nature of

the bond renders the holder 3. prefer—

red creditor and the bank loaning mon- It would appear strange that if the

ey to a company with a bond issue increase has been so great that prices

outstanding has to look to what is left should have advanced to present lev-

after the bonds are satisfied_ Further- els. The writer well remembers when

more in certain states, tax laws favor COT“ was 50 plentiful it was used for

the preferred stock issues of home 11191: and many other products were

companies to the exclusion of bonds. $111110“ as abundant. Butter was NO

These facts, together with the greater duced for 10 OT 12 cents per pound,



yield, has made the preferred stock hogs and cattle three to four cents

method of financing quite popular both dressed, and other DI‘OdUCtS in propor-

with the investor and the issuing tion. These conditions obtained when

agency. the ancestors of the present genera-



“The name “preferred” really indi- tion were clearing up and improving

cates the difference between the two their farms, opening up roads, building

classes of stock. Preferred as to as— 5011001 houses and making it Possible

sets in liquidation and as» to dividends for their descendants t0 enjoy the 0D-

in Operation is a chief characteristic. portunities Of today. YBt 0111‘ farm

In keeping with the strictly investment paper writers often refer to them as

purpose the Preferred issue very sel- soil robbers and unsophisticated “Moss

dom enjoys any voting power unless BaCkS~”

through a non-performance of certain Bllt why b‘hOUld there not be an in-

provisions the voice in the manage- creased average production? The pion-

ment automatically is extended. Fur- eer worked amid stumps and stones,

thermore, the dividend is usually fixed with perhaps a yoke of oxen, a jumper

at a certain figure, usually six or sev- shovel NOW and a drag that he had

on per cent, although sometimes the constructed with his own hands by get-

preferred shares with the common up ting the iron teeth at the blacksmith

to a higher figure. Cumulative stock ShOI), his other 10015 being 011 a par

gives the holder the right to demand with those mentioned, while now the

that the dividend which may not have present farmer has three or four big

been earned or paid one year be paid horses on a two-or three-bottom riding

the next year that it is earned, or in plow, and other tools to correspond.



' any event, before the common is paid. He Will g0 into his 20 0r 40-acre field

In this way the common dividend is Without a stump and scarcely a stone,

withheld until the preferred is clear of and when he tells about it he will get

all present or back dividends. Like- quite chesty to think he can do so

wise in the event of the company go- much better than “Dad,” apparently

ing out of business for certain reasons entirely ignoring the fact that dad

the preferred stock, if there are 3110 made it pOSSible fOI‘ him t0 enjoy pres-

bonds, shares first up to its par value ent conditions. .

in the distribution of the assets, the 'OBSERVER.

common stock getting the rest. Of -———

course, all creditors are first settled We yield to none in our admiration

with or discharged. and appreciation of the pioneers who



Now, in consideration of these priv- laid the foundation for our present ag-



, ileges and others of a more detailed gircutural development. Our larger

nature the common stockholder de- opportunities are due to their work,



"mantis certain favors. If he is to as- but if we live up to those opportunities





 

 

 





 





In a recent issue of the Michigan

Farmer appeared an article on “The

Index of Good Farming.” In this con-

nection the writer derives great satis-

faction from the fact that recent sta-

tistics show a marked increase of aver-

age of staple crops grown in this coun-

try. Now it may be that the conclu-

sions arrived at are somewhat mislead—

ing, as the estimates are largely made

by local farmers, and it is quite nat-

ural to be somewhat optimistic when

making reports on local conditions for

publication. This increase is credited

to better education and more'progres-

sive ideas of the present generation.





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





I...





Common Stocks. paid, taxes, interest on borrowed mon-





 





 

 





 





:3w . . . ;..£..’............fi 7;:

,CON§\§ETE’EOR_PERMANENCE.._

it“; ’ , ____-I-_-..‘-.





"x *m ‘





4 .

lu—





   

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





llEl n—L-ef°“__-—u—l-_





:wiwhi .Mll. , l ' H3 “4:"





   





.-





 





 





Mlllllllllll.’ _, - ‘





A





.....-- l .,

. .93 .3‘

1:4: ..





 

 

 

 





fl.

-‘I

“-9.—





MMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM MM M MMMMM M M NMMMM ..





THE BETTER THE WALLOW THE

FATTER THE HOG





Build your wallow-of concrete and waterproof it. Wallows

built with 3





Medusa Waterproofed Portland Cement

won't soak up moisture, hence are more sanitary and easily

cleaned.





Medusa Waterproofed Portland Cement contains just the right

amount of Medusa Waterproofing ground up with the cement

at our mill. If you had rather,





Medusa Waterproofing





may be bought separately in either paste or powder form. Two per cent.

of Medusa Waterproofing thoroughly mixed with any cement makes the

concrete weather—proof—prevents cracking and discoloration.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 





   

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





It is far cheaper, too. than to use a very large proportion of cement—

and fully as satisfactory for many kinds of work. Does not impair the

strength or setting qualities of the concrete.





No waiting. You can ‘get the Medusa products in prompt shipments

-—-either from your Medusa dealer or, if you can’t find him, direct from

our factory.





SANDUSKY PORTLAND CEMENT COMPANY





Room B-8

Engineers’ Building

Cleveland, Ohio





 





 

 

 





 





 

 

 





Write today for our free

booklets. "How to Make

Concrete Watertight" and

"The Medusa White





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

   

 





 

 

 

 





 





   





.- A.-.





 





 





 





 

 





lllllllllllfllIllllllllllllllllllllllllfllll"I”ll""Ill"IllllIllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllfllllllllllllIllI





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





   





Has Been Continuously Making





WAGONS—BUGGIES—HARNESS





for Every Farm Use Since I 852





 





 





THE TORNADO SILO FILLER





The TORNADO has become famous because it reduces

silage and other forage materials to afine feedin condition.

Silage cut on a TORNADO will not mou dend will

pack closel in the Silo, because it is out fine.



The T RNADO is light running, easy to o erate _.

and very stron , which eliminates big repair bi s and .{VL

delays. It is a so reasonable in pric . 3 373‘





Write today for our Catalog and Proposition.

W. R. Harrison & Company, Manufacturers, “gags”-

We also manufacture a complete line of small Machines for reducing all kinds of dry material.





ROSS Silo Fillers for Gasoline Engine Power





 

 

 





 





o i 7. 5. Double the Capacity with Less Power and considerably Less Speed.



"r .i . 4 ,. w '1 Fill

66th / .‘ , , . e make Si 0 cm of extra. large capac-

,‘ » \._. , ~ ity to meet the spec1al requirements of all





 

 

 

 





 





silo. users. These machines are e ecially

. deSigned to be operated by pop or site

' . Gasoline Engines—6840.12 and 14 H. P.

Tell us what your ower is and we will advise you

what size Ross Silo ' let you require.





   





Buy early and





   





i., “we "Wm" "‘ erto for Our Spoclal Proposmon Today -

. Guaranteed and state it you intend to huy this year. Early ordem

for life of machine. will save you money.





 





The E. W. Ross 00.. Box 114. Springfield. Ohlo





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 

 





 





l [pr/tr «If "nan/9





Jimenez”;





The all steel frame of the 1918

Silber mean: more

strength, greater oom-





octnoss, longer life.





 





 

   

 

 





 

 

 





;.GEHL BROS. MFG. co.. mm

Dept. 154. 2022 Horton Ave” Grand Rapids, Mich.





 





 

 

 

   





tor our catalog and W, o



Humming no”. , . That beat- them all. One horse cuts two rows. Carries

, .............2322°3° 323.2332. m“‘.“°'§°°“3..‘;ii”“€i‘ 22.22.23.222. sane-N2

out o l 0. re. . e o e ' u I an

ting our W Tile Dachau. Catalog Free. Agents Wanted.

Ml». dor n. G. BENNE





3% Were-«mm: ' CORN HARVESTER





 

   





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buns” "





 





 





 





,‘,.suine the greater business risk he we must continue to progress—49“. j





 





'rra co..wns'rnnv1um; ‘o. ,





m- WANTED—AN mu:.n.2,°eeuggwo

, the ri “ «it?» w





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





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