The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

mgiccfifig‘gérNg-gg; DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, SEETEMBER 9, 1916 35°CENTSAYW





 





 





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Enterd as second clan matter at the Detroit. Michigan.

poltoflice.





DETROIT, SEPTEMBER 9, 1916





 





 





TEN CENTS TO JANUARY 1.





 





The Michigan Farmer will be sent to

new subscribers beginning with the

issue of the week the order is received,

to January 1, 1917 for only 10 cents.

This trial offer is made with the view

of getting as many as possible of farm-

ers who are not now reading the paper

to read the Michigan Farmer for this

period, in order that they may judge

fairly its value as compared to its

cost to them. To this end we ask that

each trial subscriber who takes advan-

tage of this unusual opportunity read

the paper carefully each week and

then ask himself fairly if it will not

be a profitable investment to renew the

subscription for one or more years.

Send your order at once and get the

most from this special offer. The Mich-

igan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





Co-operation ‘has long

Co-operative been considered a desir-

Marketing. able goal for attainment

by the farmers of Mich-

igan and the country. While a consid-

erable beginning has been made in co-

operative enterprises, particularly mar-

keting, in our own state as well as in

other sections of the country, it is a

matter of common knowledge that this

movement has only just begun.



A survey of co-operation in the Uni-

ted States recently made by the United

States Department of Agriculture indi-

‘cates that farmers' co-operative mar-

keting and purchasing organizations

will this year transact a total business

amounting to more than $1,400,000,000.

In the light of this survey, the conclu-

sion seems warranted that in all com-

munities where co-operation is applied

in a practical manner to the farmers’

business, the results obtained are far

more satisfactory than the average of

those secured by individual methods.



By way of further promoting and

standardizing co—operative undertak-

ings in this state, the Marketing De-

partment of the Michigan Agricultural





‘ College has outlined what is known as





the Standard Co-operative Association,

.an organization with no capital stock,

which is composed only of those who

make their living by growing farm pro-

ducts, and paying no profits to stock-

holders, the savings made being dis-

tributed among the members in ac-

cordance with the amount of business

done by each member with the asso-

ciation. In other words, the standard

co-operative association is an associa-

tion of men rather than a combination





- of capital.

. The provision for this so—called stan- .





dard association is the first step to be

taken by the Ofiice of Markets in this





state toward a general promotion of





efficiency in the distribution of farm





'- products. ‘ The second step will be the





.. , at 9M1! be.

classify ng and ”he." owing“ 613, ad?

counting systems so that the operation

of the. different associatiOns may be

compared on an intelligent basis. So

aided, the development of co-opera-

tive undertakings in‘Michigan should

be more rapid in the future than it has

been in the past.





‘ Last month Oak-

Markinga Century’s land county held

Progress. a centennial cele-

bration. Natur-

ally the program emphasized the pro-

gress which has been made in agricul-

ture and manufactures within the pe-

riod which covers the county’s history.

Perhaps no incident of the event so

well illustrates this progress as the

preparations for a parade illustrative

of pioneer days. Many heirlooms and

relics of bygone days were brought out

for this occasion which was made the

more realistic by the use of an ox team

as motive power for one of the “floats.”

This ox team was secured in a locality

a score or more of miles distant from

the county seat, but by way of saving

time as well as the energy of the oxen

and their driver, they were transported

to the county seat where the celebra‘

tion was held in an auto truck.



What could better illustrate the re-

markable progress of the past century,

and who Would be so rash as to proph-

esy that the next century will not add

to an even greater degree to the de-

velopment of agriculture, as well as

other industries, and to the material

prosperity of our farmers and the con-

sequent further elevation of the al-

ready high standard of our farm life.





In previous is-

County Agent Work. sues a summary



of the joint ac—

tivities of the county agents operating

in the twenty-six counties now organ-

ized has been given. The last ofiicial

report of county agent work contains

an account of the conference of the

county agents of the upper peninsula

which was held at Iron Mountain in

July. This is the third conference of

the kind which has been held as a

matter of convenience in getting the

agricultural agents of the upper penin-

sula together.



Eight counties in the upper penin-

sula are now organized in this work.

From the report of this conference it

appears that while the work of the

county' agents in the upper peninsula

is slower and more difficult than in

the lower part of the state, owing to

the undeveloped condition of much of

the land, there are compensating ad-

vantages in that the country is new,

people are open—minded and progress

is not hampered so greatly by antiquat-

ed methods and traditions.





The opportunity for live stock pro-

duction in the upper peninsula is very

bright and the local markets are very

good for live stock products as well as

most staple crops. Much emphasis is

being placed on the development of the

live stock industry by all the county

agents, and Mr. W. F. Raven who has

been special extension agent in the up-

per peninsula in recent years stated

that more beef cattle had been brought

into that section of the state this year

than in any preceding year. Live stock

associations, largely dairy organiza-

tions, have been formed in practically

every county where agricultural agents

are located.



Dairying is the most favored of any

branch of the live stock industry ow-

ing to the excellent home markets for

the product and the fact that dairy

farming provides a constant income,

thus being more practical for the new

settlers than the departments of live

stock production which yield no .in-

come until the product is grown and

sold. In this connection the important

factor of growing winter feed for live

stock was given careful consideration,

barley and root crops being especially

favored for this purpose.



Emphasis is being placed upon the

importance of pure seed of standard





\ a.





 





wa‘wag‘reed that every . ort-



made to get the farmers: of “that sec--

tion to produce their own seeds and

keep them pure and clean. A feature

of county agent work in some counties

of that section has been the carrying

of a fanning-mill by the cOunty agent

in farm to farm visits in the various

communities for the purpose of clean-

ing the seed for the farmers. Some-

thing of the scope of this work is

shown by the fact that 1,600 bushels of

seed were cleaned in this way, much of

it also being treated for smut.



Attempts are being made to intro-

duce pedigreed varieties of grain, in or-

der to increase the yield and net prof-

its from grain crops. Standardization

of potato varieties has been attempted

in the upper peninsula through the for-

mation of potato growers’ associations

in five of the counties having agricul-

tural agents. Efforts are also being

made to modify the premium lists of

county fairs, to the end that this move-

ment toward the standardization of va-

rieties may be encouraged by this

means. ' ,



Another important project for the

upper peninsula is the boys’ and girls’

club work, the county agents present

at this conference reporting the or-

ganization of from one to six boys’ and

girls"clubs each. The use of farm ac-

count books is being encouraged, and

county agents are following up the

work among farmers who are keeping

such records, in order to encourage

them to complete the year and to draw

valuable lessons from the data thus ob-

tained. Home economics also came in

for a share of discussion at this con-

ference, since an extension specialist

in this subject is now working among

farm women of the upper peninsula.



Reference to these activities is here

made to the end that Michigan Farmer

readers, may gain a better knowledge

of the activities carried out through

the medium of the farm bureaus in

the newer agricultural sectiOns of the

state and the, possibilities which such

an organization hold for the farmers of

even the more sparsely settled and less

well developed sections of the state.





Preparedness of the

Preparing for right sort will first

Winter. make provision for the

comfort of the farm

family, and one of the first require-

ment for family comfort during the

winter period is adequate warmth in

the farm home. Published accounts of

a meeting of sanitary engineers held

in Detroit during the extreme heat of

the midsummer seasonto discuss the

house-heating problem naturally caus~

ed most readers to smile, but the en-

joyment of the comfort of a properly

heated home during the cold winter

months would bring to the same faces

a broader smile of satisfaction which

is an index of a greater enjoyment of

life.



Preparations for winter upon the

farm are too often confined to the se-

curing of the ’crops and the putting of

the barns and stables in order for the

winter housing of the live stock. Im-

portant as are these factors in prepar-

edness for winter, the comfort of the

home itself should be given first con-

sideration, and to insure that comfort

cOnsideration must be given to the

problems involved in advance of the

coming of the winter season. Adequate

heat, which can only be secured by the

installation of a type of furnace suited

to the house, hot and cold running wa-

ter, which can be inexpensively provid-

ed in connection with such a heating

outfit, good. lights for the winter even-

ings, and sanitary closets in the house

are the most desirable of the many

comforts which could be included in a.

program of preparation for the winter;

All these are needed in every home,

and should be supplied as rapidly as

conditions will permit. They are fac-

tors in the maximum enjoyment of life

which should be given proper consider-

ation in every farm home in advance

of the coming winter season.





 





The ”annual meeting of the Michigan

Bean Jobbers’ Association will be held

at the Pantlind Hotel in the city‘ of

Grand Rapids on the afternoon of Sep-

tember 13. Addresses will be given by

a representative of the Pure Food De-

partment at Washington, Receiver Paul

H. King, of the Pere Marquette, the





secretary of the Canners’ Association,





from Washington, and several state

speakers of note.



An invitation is extended by Presi-

dent Orr, of the Michigan Bean Job~

bers' Association, to all bean growers

of the state whether members of the

association or not, to attend this

meeting.





 





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





 





Foreign.





The European Wan—During the



past week interest has been centered

in political changes and military move-

ments in the Balkan States. Roumania

has entered the war on the side of

the Allies and already her troopshave

invaded Transylvania, a province of

Hungary and have crossed into north-

ern Bulgaria. Unofficial repOrts have

also reached this country indicating

that Greece has abandoned her neu-

trality and thrown her lot on the side

of the Allies. King Constantine is said

to have abdicated the throne of Greece

in favor of Crown Prince George with

former Premier Venizelos as the rul-

ing power and the allied Mediterran-

ean fleet has assembled before Athens.

Serbians have advanced against the

Teutons at the western extremity of

the Allied front,before Salonika, and

the recent successes of the Bulgaiarns

at other points have been stayed. Rus-

sians are co-operating with the Rou-

manians in forcing back the Austrians

in Hungary and 19,839 Teutonic prison-

ers have been taken. Italian troops

have started an offensive in Albania.

No important changes are reported on

the Russian front north of the Carpa-

thian Mountains. The Germans launch-

ed a most violent counter-offensive

against the British on the Somme river

which was partly successful and the

Germans were able to hold the recap-

tured territory. No change has oc-

curred on the Franco-German front, in-

cluding the Verdun area. Field Marsh-

al Von Hindenburg has been appointed

chief of the German general staff,

while Prince Leopold of Bavaria is

now in charge of the troops defending

the eastern front.

. A famine is raging in Syria from

Aleppo to Jerusalem, according to re-

cent information. Two—thirds of the

inhabitants of villages in the neighbor-

hood of Jerusalem and in Lebanon

have died of hunger and typhoid. The

total number of those who have per-

ished is given at 100,000.



Fifty lives were lost in a hurricane

which struck the Danish West India

Island of Dominica on August 28. The

wind reached a velocity of more than

seventy miles. Over 200 buildings were

destroyed, and considerable damage

was done to crops. - .



National.



The threatened railway strike has

been averted, temporarily at least.

This was brought about through the

action of Congress on the Adamson bill

the provisions of which are agreeable

to the railway employes. On the other

hand, the railway executives do not

believe the law, as it is being consid-

ered, is constitutional in that the Uni-

ted States Supreme Court heretofore

has declared Congress has no power

to fix wages outside of the government

service, a result which in effect will be

brought about by the new measure.

The railroads had placed embargoes

upon freight that could not be deliver-

ed previous to the hour set for the

strike. These embargoes have already

been lifted.



Unofficial information has it that the

national guardsmen will be recalled to

their mobilization camps in the var-

ious states by October 1. Now that the

strike situation has been practically

settled, the services of the guard will

not be needed for other purposes.



An order has been issued by the War

Department that no more militiamen

will be discharged from the United

States service because they have de-

pendent relatives. A provision con-

tained in the army appropriation bill

which provides funds for needy fam-

ilies of soldiers is the reason given for

rescinding the previous order.



The' average temperature for the

month of August was 65.1 degrees, as

compared to a normal temperature for

the month of 61.2 degrees. The hot-

test day was August 20, when the ther-

mometer reached 96 degrees. The low-





est ‘ofi‘icial temperature for the month A

.was 55 degrees on August 28. .





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





.w
_ ‘ HEN the governor ofyour State

declares a seed-corn selection





day, will you be prepared?

This is- a question that will confront

many '0; the farmers of the corn belt

this year as the returns of the first

seed-corn selection days are felt this

fall. Last year was the first time such

a thing was tried in Indiana but the

little replanting that was necessary on

those farms that were prepared for it

will give this kind of a holiday such a

boost that it can never be wiped off

the calendar.



This preparedness resolves itself in—

to giving one day toward the latter

part of September to the selection and

care of seed corn for the 1917 crop.

The first thing to provide is the cor-

rect attitude toward the movement. It

is a well known fact that one bushel of

seed corn will plant about six acres of

corn. Who is there then, that will not

give a few minutes of his time in Octo-

ber to save many hours of time and

perhaps the corn crop next year.



Having now acquired some idea of

where the saving is to yourself as well

as the nation as a whole, provide your-

self with a canvas sack that will be

easily carried on the shoulder and

which will hold a half bushel of seed-

corn when full. This sack is to be

filled many times on the appointed day

with large regular rowed ears from

healthy, well-matured hills of corn

grown in the average quality of soil

for the community. These cars should

be carried midway on the stalk be-

tween tassel and root and should point

downward rather than upward as the

former 'sheds water to better advan-

tage. . .



When these ears are all selected

from the standing corn place them in

some kind of a rack so that they may

be kept separate with air space be-

tween so that they will be dried out

by October. This rack may be eith-

er elaborate or very simple. Some dry

their corn by tying the husks together

and throwing the pairs of ears over

wires up under the eaves. Others build

racks six and seven feet in height and

four or five feet wide into which they

slip boards every four inches on which

they have nailed small cleats two inch-

es apart.



But your preparedness is not yet fin-

ished. About the first of February you-

must get out the “rag doll,” or some

other form of tester and test five or

six grains of corn from different parts

on each ear that you intend to use for

seed in 1917. A very good substitute

for the “rag doll” is a box two feet

square and one and a half inches deep

filled with soil, covered with a cloth or

pieCe of glass and divided into one and

a half-inch squares by strings.



The next step for preparednessis to

get the seed ready for the planter by

shelling it and fitting it to the correct

size of plates. In doing the latter op-

eration it is best to prop the planter

wheels up and to turn the checker by

hand so as to see which set of plates

will drop the most hills that have three

or four grains in them.



If one wishes to do more for his

county corn growers, he can start

growing pure-bred corn. To do this he

must have pure-bred corn in his 1916

crop. Then he follows the same pro-

cedure until he has all of his ears test—

ed in the winter. He then selects the

ears that come closest to his ideal of a

good ear of corn. These are shelled

separately and numbered. When plant-

ing time comes he can reserve a part

of the main corn field or have a sep-

arate field for his seed plot.



Here the rows are such that one ear

of corn will plant only one row. The

rows are then numbered to correspond

to the numbers of the ears. When the

corn is tasseling each odd numbered



row is detasseled but the last four

rows next to the field corn are left tas-





 





 





’ are selected as before, while those re-

maining are used to plant the multiply-

ing field the next year. In this way a

new strain of corn‘peculiarly adapted

to‘the needs of your own vicinity will

be developed and you will have helped

out many of your neighbors.

Indiana. W. E. WIECKING.





SOME CAUSES FOR WHEAT FAIL.

URES.





‘





 





If more farmers would give some

thought as to why wheat fails so foten

of late years and then work to counter-

act these causes, wheat failures would

be more rare than they are. In our

locality wheat was next thing to a fail-

ure this time. The crop ranged from

nothing at all up to 40 bushels per

acre. And for every good crop there

were many poor ones and some com-

plete failures. Of course, the season

was a bad one for wheat. But if the

season alone were responsible for the

peor crop there could not have been a

few good yields. So there must have

been other causes. And an investiga-

tion soon convinced us that such was

the case. In one instance we found

that good seed alone when sowed just

at the right time, increased the yield

15 bushels per acre on a part of one

field and nothing at all off the rest of

it.





He said while we were talking

about this right there in the field: “It





 

 





 





mil, *2; tent . 31 gig s

dy ‘efia‘ieeenemieei' as g to money cost

as Well as labor. ’ _ ‘



But other things interfere, too. Low





fertility is one of the main causes. Not





altogether, because the ground is too

poor to raise wheat. Most of the

ground contains plant food sufficient

to produce a good crop of wheat. But

it isn’t rich enough to make the wheat

grow rank and strong and hardy so as

to resist the attacks of diseases and

pests and to stand the winters well.

And the first thing when land begins

to lose fertility it loses its vegetable

matter. This causes the ground to

heave more in winter. And this could

be remedied by plowing under plenty

of vegetable matter.‘ It doesn’t help

much to use commercial fertilizers un-

less the physical condition of the

ground is first improved.





In view of these facts we can’t af-

ford to overlook any of these little de-

tails which will help so much to make

the wheat crop a good one. For only

those who take great pains with the

sowing of wheat can expect to raise a

full crop under present conditions.



Indiana. E. G.





 





CROP AND FERTILIZER QUESTION.





 





The Fertilizer for Wheat on Sandy

Soil.



What fertilizer constituents are most

essential for producing the best wheat

crop on our sand land?



Allegan Co. READER.





The most essential element of plant





 





 





 





Gravel Roads Need Constant Care for the Most Efficient Service.





 





convinced me that it pays big to use

nothing but the very best of seed

Wheat.”



A few years ago farmers could make

more money raising wheat than corn.

Now the corn crops pay best as a rule.

The order is just reversed. Leave out

the matter of prices which are bound

to have a bearing on the thing and

still wheat raising in most sections of

the country is not so profitable as corn

raising. And why? Simply because

the crop is too uncertain. If we were

always as sure of a good crop of wheat

as we are of a corn crop, we would go

in for raising wheat more, even if it is

less profitable. We need the wheat,

and we need the crop tofill out the

rotations. And a big stack of straw

doesn’t come amiss during the winter.



But the wheat crop fails too often.

And there are many causes for it,

many of which may be remedied easily.

We want to remind you of a few of

these causes.





Pests and wheat diseases are more

numerous than formerly. The Hessian

fly perhaps causes more damage than

other pests. Late sowing and the strip

around the field sowed early to trap

the fly are good remedies for it. Smut

and rust are two of_our most common

wheat diseases. There are now grown





.seled so that this will not pollenize the

~, pure strains of corn. At harvest time

‘ the best ears "on the detass'eled rows





 





 





several varieties of wheat that are al-

'-most proof against rust, and the‘form-





 

 

 





H .





 





food on all our Michigan soils is phos-

phorus. That has been proven over

and over again in careful field experi-

ments on hundreds of farms. No one

with any experience would think of

Using a fertilizer for wheat or any oth-

er cereal that did not contain some

phosphoric acid. No one would advo—

cate nitrate of soda alone for wheat

unless it be for top-dressing in spring

on fields that had been weakened by a

severe winter. No one would advocate

potash alone, but hundreds of practical

farmers do advocate the use of acid

phosphate alone. I have had farmers

tell me that 200 pounds of acid phos-

phate per acre has increased their

yield of wheat 10 bushels and more per

acre. The cases are very few where

an application of 200 pounds of acid

phosphate did not give profitable re-

sults on any cereal.





I do not say that nitrogen and pot-

ash are not beneficial in many cases.

‘I know they are. The using of a com-

plete fertilizer is to be recommended

unless the farmer has experimented

carefully for himself and knows from

those experiments that all he needs is

phosphorus. If he will carefully ex-

periment he will be surprised to learn

in how many instances the use of plain





acid phosphate alone'Agives him the

greatest profit.





Manufacturers." V, of fertilizers ‘ under-





9121- .





 





stand: that inseam" is the I element. 1'





 





that is most likely needed and thus-





brands of complete fertilizers always '

contain much more phosphorus 'than

they do nitrogen or potash. There are

so many instances, however, where all

three elements are needed and the far-

mer can be induced to do so little ex-

perimenting for himself that the safest

way for the manufacturer is to”advo-

cate complete goods, that is, goods that

contain all three of the essential ele-

ments—nitrogen, phosphbrus and pot-

ash.



No one can tell, only in a very gen-

eral way, what any particular soil

needs unless he asks the soil. Ask the

soil what it needs and it will tell you

in no uncertain language. You ask the-

soil what it needs by applying the

three essential elements of fertility

separately, having all other conditions

the same. Apply nitrogen (nitrate of

soda) on one strip across the field,

acid phosphate on another and potash

on another, and note which gives the

best results. Again, apply these ele-

ments in combination, nitrogen and

phosphorus, nitrogen and potash,

phosphorus and potash, then. apply all

three combined, which constitutes a.

complete fertilizer, and by noting care-

fully the results one can determine the

best brand of fertilizer f0 rhis land

under his conditions.



Very few farmers do this. It is too

much trouble. They buy whatever fer-



.tilizer the dealer happens to have on

hand, which is usually a complete fer-

tilizers, and a complete fertilizer is the

only safe one to buy unless one has

had experience, except acid phosphate,

which will always do good on any soil

and any crop. It is the one safe buy.





A good wheat fertilizer is one con-

taining two per cent ammonia, eight

per cent, phosphoric acid and two per

cent potash—known as 2-8-2, or a 1-8-2.

Personally I think the best fertilizer

for the money is a 14 per cent. acid

phosphate. You may be able to get

more phosphorous for your money in

16 or 18 per cent phosphate but the

mechanical condition is apt to be faulty

and unless a fertilizer will drill well it

is not desirable at any price.



COLON C. LILLIE.





PASTURING ALFALFA.





 





About a year ago I sowed alfalfa on

high, sandy, gravel soil. 1 also sowed

lime with it. Through the winter

there were spots died out in it and I

mowed a good fair crop this summer,

after which it, came up knee high. Ev-

erything in the section was very dry

and I turned my cattle in. The second

crop turned yellow in spots. Can you

give me the cause. My neighbors say

my alfalfa will be no good because I

turned the cattle in. Is that so?



Genesee Co. C. H. L.





While alfalfa may be pastured with-

out ruining the stand, provided good

judgment is used, yet it does not bear

pasturing particularly well, and it will

not pay to pasture a good stand of a1—

falfa in the same way that other for-

age crops are pastured. If cattle are

turned into alfalfa when it has secured

nearly a maximum growth in sufficient

numbers so that the crop will be graz-

ed off rapidly, and the stock is then re-

moved permitting it to make a good

growth, no serious harm will be done

to the stand, or if only a few cattle are

turned into a fairly large area of a1-

falfa and the residue of the crop is out

for hay at the proper stage of growth,

comparatively little harm will be done

to the stand.



The yellow appearance of the alfalfa

leaves is not the result of pasturing,

but of a fungous disease known as

“leaf spot,” which attacks the plant. un-

der certain conditions. This has no

connection with the pasturing of the

alfalfa and will not be a permanent

detriment to the stand. The proper

course is to cut the crop as soon as

practical, and permit the new plants

to make a new growth before winter.

As this leaf spot generally appears

only in the hot weather Of midsummer,

the next growth of alfalfa will "prob.

ably show no evidence of same. .
~ Farm NOteS _ the spring or early summer. * Under . .

' ' Sweet CIover and an is Green Ma- favorable conditions a later seeding up ”and the weeds chopped up "and year. poruht that the

nure Crops. might give good results but would be worked into the soil to make a good wheel tracks be scraped in from the

1 read the article in the August 5th far less certain. seed bed, but this will be cheaper and" side where shoved out when fresh,

issue on “Sweet Clover a Boon to . ’ .. easier than plowing and then rolling this should be done at least once each

EgghngknfizvPaolirttlseoifioreaggohtv‘i‘t’ualig LILLIE FARMSTEAO NOTES. and harrowing sufilciently to make a month when the road is new, as in this

I have some land that is run somewhat , fine compact seed bed for the wheat. way a deeper cement bottom is made

.Does the seed have to be worked into ‘ Wheat Seeding. Potatoes planted as late as the mid- where the greatest wear is, and where

‘ the ground, or can a person sow it in Just the correct time to sow wheat is die of July are a fairly good stand. the road always begins to cut up and,





the spring, like other clover in wheat . - .

or rye? I have a field I am going to a question that no one can state for are growing nicely, and bid fair to be mix with the clay and sand





put wheat in this fall and I thought certain. If we knew what kind of win‘ as good a crop as some that were plant- This is usually all that is needed the

about sowing sweet clover and mam- ter we would have the question would ed early. COLON C. LILLIE. first season, but after the first season

moth clover in the spring and then be much Simplified. Wheat that gets there is always more or less patching.





tu n under the followi 3 ring. This





somewhat run What would be your well is in much better condition to GOOD ROADS. and there and every so often it be«

advice on ”“3? I also have a field I stand our Winters than a weaker comes necessary to cover with a light-





intend to sow to rye this fall then growth. But if we sow too early then There is no class of people so vitally or coat of -

- - . . . ' . gravel, dependln on the

plow under in the 891‘th for beans. the Hess1an fly is liable to prove quite interested in the roads as the farmer. amount of travel, or on tn: general





 





 





 





IIISlvdvioiltguiildzlil‘? I leave It grow before disastrous to the crop. NOW it is dim‘ He is indirectly interested in more condition of the road.





Ionia. Co. 1, K. cult to choose between these two foes rods of road than any others, and now

In seeding sweet clover upon thin to our wheat CI‘OD. Our fathers used that the automobile, reasonable in

soil, it should be sown alone on a well to think that wheat must be sown be- price, has removed the last objection

prepared seed bed or with a light fore September 10 to assure a good or drawback, that of isolation, the farm

nurse crop, preferably in the spring. It CI‘OD- But we had no Hessian fly then. has become the ideal place of resi<

ho ld have a com arativel firm seed I have grown good crops of wheat that dence. However. With this must come

lsied:l and either be 1drilled oi: harrowed were DOt sown until well into October good roads, and while much has been REDUCING THE HOBO NUISANCE

into the surface soil to insure a good hilt the Winter was very favorable. done in this direction and many miles » . .

stand. On soils deficient in lime an ap- Many times October SOWII wheat in of good roads are being built each year New? _every farmer receives fro.

. plication of lime should be made to this latitude brings poor returns. I these roads are mostly the mail; or quent "Slt‘s from the 1101” 01353 and

correct soil acidity, although this does have seen early sown wheat that was trunk lines, and there remain the side these wanderers are a nuisance as,well

not appear to be quite as essential for sown in late August or early Septem- roads, comparatively few of which are as a menace to the welfare or the com-





Once having had "good roads" there

will never be a return to the old mud

road.





Isabella Co. W. J. COOPER.





 





 





sweet clever as for alfalfa_ her, all eaten up with the fly. The sea- in even fair condition. munity. At present there is 3. 30b in

The advantage of sweet clever as a son makes a difference that none Of 118 The average farmer who does ‘ ‘ ”31? country for every strong man. A

green manure crop for thin soils is can entirely overcome. The safest way actually oppose: p .: .5 prod . { man cannot endure the hardship





that it will thrive upon a soil which is always iS to take a medium course and to leave it to the other fellow. I want 01 tramping arm?“ the country witn~

low in its content of vegetable matter 80W not too early 01‘ too late. For cen~ to say right here, that any farmer who out a home or friends. It therefore to“

and humus, thus making it possible to tral Michigan. September 15 is about has eighty rods or more of frontage on lows that. the h°b° Should “him “’-

get a good stand where ordinary clover right. Fifteen years ago I would have the road has an individual responsibil- the working class and be eliminated

will not make a good catch except un- said it was late enough bUt the seasons ity, yes it is more, it is an opportunity. from the charity roll.

der the most favorable conditions. Un- seem to have changed. The springs I would rather maintain a good road Why do we have hoboes? Possibly,

der very favorable conditions sweet are later and the falls are also. How- on my front out of my own pocket because they think farmers are easy

clover might possibly be seeded in ever, no two seasons are alike and the than to remain along side of an eighty- marks. They obtain a square meal at

wheat or rye with success, but on poor farmer must take chances whatever rodmud hole or sand wallow. the back door. fill their pockets from

land where it should be grownlif at date he sows. I recall some fifteen years ago: The the garden and probably go down the

all, it could not be expected to make 3. There is a whole lot in the farmer farmers of a certain road district in road feeling that farmers are SO anx-

good stand under such conditions any doing his part well. Many times it central Michigan got together one win- ious to SUPPOI‘t them that it would

more than would the other clovers. makes a difference of a crop or no ter, and put on a bee to fix up a cer- really be fOOliSll to work. The hobo is

The writer has a very good stand of crop. Wheat needs rich, well drained tain piece of particularly bad road in undoubtedly a weak-willed man 02‘ he

sweet Clover 0n SOme gravelly hills land. There is no crop that is more the district, about 80 rods I think. The would 110'; be a hObO- When we come

where it was seeded in a nurse crop of benefited by fertilizer, even on rich township agreed to buy thegravel, the forth With all that he asks We are Sim-\

rye SOWII thinly last fall and harrowed soil, fertilizer usually gives splendid farmers donating their time and ply encouraging a weakling t0 fOllOW

over this spring with a Spring-tooth results, producing a plump berry and teams. They hauled tWo yards of grav- the line or least resistance. If all 01'

harrow to make a seed bed for the a greater yield. , el to the rod, doing the work in the the farmers on any one road would

sweet clover. A well prepared seed bed is of‘great early winter. When this job was com- stubbornly refuse to pay tribute to 110‘

It is not a bad idea to sow mammoth importance. The plowing ought to be pleted, they liked it so well that they boes we would soon see that road drop-

clover with it, although if the sweet done as early as possible so the soil continued the work, having bee after ped from their schedule. It requires

clover makes a good stand, the red 010- can be packed down and a firm, fine bee, resulting in quite a rivalry be some nerve and the fear 0f hidden

ver will not be able to compete with it seed bed he prepared. Better delay tween different parts of the district as guns, burned barns and stolen proper.

the following year. A soil which is sowing for a week, than to sow on to who should get on the most road. 9’ comes near to home when an 8398-

low in its content of vegetable matter poorly prepared land. This work continued through this sea- Cially unpleasant appearing tramp re

will be considerably improved by plow. We are intending now to sow 60 son. and then was begun the next sea- quests a meal. However, a firm refus-

ing down rye as a green manure crop, acres, 20 acres of oat stubble is plow- son and continued until several miles al Will usually send the grumbler down

The stage of growth at which it should ed, rolled and harrowed once (August of really fine roads were built. the road to the he“ house and If he

be plowed under will depend somewhat 28), and can be prepared in good shape There were people at that time in keeps ‘19 his fruitless search for food

upon weather conditions, since it can for wheat by the proper time to sow. the adjoining district who looked with he may be glad to 1100th a 10h 01‘

be allowed to grow larger in a wet Twenty acres was plowed last spring something akin to pity at the simple- tramp back to-the town from where he

spring than in a normal or dry one. As for beans but never planted because it minded farmers donating their time started as rapidly as posmble.

a general rule, however, it should be got too late and because we did not on the public roads. But the result of There is nothing gained by being

plowed under when the heads begin to have time to either plant them or cul- the matter was property along these stingy, but too often the man who neg.

form, if not earlier. Plowing down a tivate them. This land was all grown gravel roads became worth much more lects laudable projects when dispens-

heavy growth of rye when the soil is no to weeds and grass but we did not per acre than that away from them, ing charity will favor every tramp and

comparatively dry is likely to destroy replow, but are fitting it with the trac- which more than paid for all the time believe all the lies told by the passing

the capillary connection betWeen the tor and disc. I do not think this could donated on these roads, proving a win- gypsy band. Many farmers recommend

surface soil and subsoil, thus increas- have been successfully done with the ner financially, as well as all the added the wood pile for the passing tramp

ing the danger of damage from'drouth horse discs, they are not heavy enough. pleasure of having good roads to travel but they require so inuch watching and





later in the season. We have disced this field both ways at all times of the year. ‘ cause the women of the farm so much

'Fall vs. Spring Sowing of Sweet and the work is not done, but I reason- I know of no one thing that will so uneasiness that I prefer to see them

Clover. ed that we would have a much better add to the desirability of a farm home amble down the road and then split my





I have a field of about 20 acres that seed bed by discing than to replow and as good roads to and from the market own wood. Undesirable labor is worse

has had corn on for four years Last with less work. Many people, however, town and to the place or center of its than none 80 there is little use of kéep-

:fifiinfeédgfvifddéhfip £3511 Sfo‘ovelibgaff would have plowed this field and per— social, or church activities. The writer, ing even a wood pile to scare away the

red clover 50 lbs of alsike and one haps it would have been the better who lived many years on a farm about tramps.

bushel of timothy. The oats turned out way. One year I prepared oat stubble fivn s from the mark\t, social, and The traveling gypsy band is second

fairly well but the seeding is not very by discing instead or plowing and we church center, once figured up with his to the hobo and when they stop for the





good. I was thinking of putting on - .. . ,

about 1001bs of sweet clover. Which made a splendid seed bed and got a Wife how many hours they had spent, night near a farm it means careful





time will be best to sow this, this fall good crop. and how many miles they had traveled watchfulness to prevent depredations.

or next spring? Two other fields of ten acres each to and from this place, and the result These people live by begging and some-

Schoolcraft Co. D. C. B. were sown to peas this spring. After was staggering. Come to find out, quite times offer in return a lingo called for-





Experience in growing sweet clover the peas were harvested they grew up a respectable portion of their lives tune telling. They are too often just

under different conditions is as yet to weeds. Some of these weeds were were thus spent. When the weather plain thieves and pickpockets traveling

rather limited. Generally speaking, in places three or four feet high. We was fine the trips were pleasant ones, under a disguise. This summer one of

however, it is a reasonable assumption mowed these down with the mowing but on cold winter, early spring or them in our section posed very nicely

that sweet clover can be successfully machine and are now discing them. late fall days the shorter the trip the as a Cherokee Indian bound from Okla-

seeded at times and under conditions My judgment was that on these fields greater the pleasure. Now, with the homa to Northern Michigan, until the

when other clovers might be expected a better seed bed could be prepared modern auto, it takes about one-quar- police caught her robbing it till and

to make a good stand on more fertile with the engine disc than by replowing. ter of the time, and shall I say about she registered at the jail as a Chicago

land. Here again some people would differ four times the pleasure, with good domestic. I believe in preparedness at



The last of August is pretty late for with me, and should there be plenty of roads. home on the farm, and a good watch



~ seeding clover or alfalfa and would not rain early this fall it mig‘fit be better One great trouble with the good dog combined with a stern resolution

be as favorable a time for seeding the to plow, but I am figuring that after roads situation in many farm commu- to send the beggars away empty-hand-

sweet clover as would the early spring. all this rain the middle of August we nities is, that all the money is spent on ed may help in reducing the number of

. Success with sweet clover will be more . are liable to have-a dry September and building the roads, or rather they seem vagabonds who have adopted sponging

_ _ certain if a good firm seed bed is pre— if we do we can hold and conserve the to‘ figure 'that’is all that is needed to all farmers as their summer vocation.

, pared and the seed is sewn under fav— moisture better by diocing than by he spent, and no provision is made for Inghain Co. . R.-G. KIRBY.
Tales-





tea a w ays





' ment so‘thatthé , Work 'may be rushed

as rapidly as,;possible_after the fruit is

. in condition to gather. 'By devoting a





j few daysto preliminary werk in get-

ting the equipment and packages ready





for the harvest and gathering wind-





fruit that falls during the picking oper-

ations,.much of the unpleasant labor

connected with the apple harvest is

eliminated before the real work of har-

vesting the crop begins.



If the farm is situated in close prox-

imity to a large city the sound speci-





may be sold at remunerative prices.

One of the most successful apple grow-





sends two motor trucks loaded with





apples to the Buffalo market each day fruit just as soon as’it is picked and

The most successful





during the time the pickers are at

work in his orchards. The trees are

low-headed and the ground protected

with a cover crop so that the fallen

apples are rarely bruised. Two men

gather the fruit before the picking





crew gets to the block of trees. It is





.then hauled to the storage house





”the best fruit packed in peach baskets'





and hauled to the city market where

they find a ready sale. The culls are

made into cider and the cider made

into vinegar which is sold to city deal-

ers and grocerymen. When apples are

high in price the sale of the fallen fruit

pays the labor charges for harvesting

the entire crop and results in a much

better pack to go into storage or to

ship to distant markets.





Picking the Trees.



When the work of picking begins

one should plan to keep the hands at

work among the trees so that the fruit

growing on the lower branches will be

evenly mixed with that from the tops

and centers of the trees in order that

the packers may secure an abundant

supply of highly colored specimens for

facing without waiting or slighting the

appearance of other packages. By us-

ing step ladders for gathering the fruit

on the lower branches and light lad-

ders that may be handled easily by the

pickers, but few apples will be dam-

aged by changing the ladders to dif-

ferent parts of the tree. Light and

strong ladders, padded baskets and

sorting tables and careful picking and

handling of the fruit are essential in

securing a good even pack.



For commercial purposes the fruit

should [be harvested as soon as it has

developed full size and color, except,

perhaps a few specimens. Apples that

do not develop red are ready for pack-

ing when they reach their full size or

when a few specimens begin to soften,

or to drop readily. Packing much ear-

lier sacrifices appearances and quality

and has a tendency to injure the fruit

spurs, while later picking results in

loss of keeping quality and increases

the risk from storms and unfavorable

weather. In the eastern and middle-

western states the grower who has a

large orchard often find it necessary to

begin picking as early as possible in

order to get his fruit safely under cov-

er before cold weather interferes with

his work. Promptness and care in the

handling has much to do with insuring

keeping quality of the fruit.



Pack the Fruit Immediately.



The value of care and promptness in

packing and handling apples, especially

in their effect on freshness and keep

ing quality, is not duly appreciated by

many growers. If the fruit has been

well sprayed, so that it is practically

free from insect injury and fungus in-

fection, the shortcomings that develop

in keeping quality are very largely

due to_improper methods during or im-

mediately after picking. All bruises





.and punctures should, of course, be





avoided. This is best accomplished by

the use of pardded baskets and sorting





 





. ‘uc' essfulfappl'e‘growers‘handlethe .





 





, _s’»ihe"iéd'dersgrb'as- .

kets, sorting tables. and other equip.





 





‘ B





fruit as few times as possible before'it

is packed into the final form intended

The best’ results are se-

cured by picking the fruit and cooling

it just as soon as possible after it is

\picked, and keeping it cool. By having

, the fruit placed on sorting tables by

falls from under the trees, so that they the pickers and the barrels or boxes

will not become mixed Wlth the transferred to the storage house with-

out delay the fruit will outlast that

which has received only ordinary treat-





for market.





ment. ,





The practice of employing careless

pickers and emptying the fruit in piles

exposed to the sunxfor several days,

hastens the ripening processes and

mens that have fallen to the ground shortens the life of the fruit when

placed in storage. ‘In other words, the

treatment is just the opposite of what

ers in Niagara County, New York, is needed for best-keeping conditions.





The latter are secured by cooling the





keeping it cool.

growers plan to have their fruit graded

and put into the final packages with as





little delay as possible. If it is intend-





ed for storage over any considerable

period it is hauled to the cooling plant

'soon as it is packed. Good fruit





.nauu. ”cur ay outlasts .that





 





 





 





 





.rpplc Crop

y W. MILTON KELLY



ey and time to use the box package

and for others to pack their choice,

highly colored fruit from their young

trees in barrels would be to neglect

the opportunity presented by using the

box. In general the main distinctions

between the two packages are that the

barrel is the cheaper package and is

better suited for fruit that goes to the

while the box costs

more and is the ideal package for the

The use of the box for

inferior fruit is not economical, just

the same as the use of the barrel for

the finest quality of fruit for dessert

fruit is a waste of opportunity. In

brief, there is no best package. The

circumstances and condition must nec-

essarily govern the selection of the





general trade,





fancy trade.





package.





“I have had many years’ experience

handling New York apples, besides I

now have more than 15,000 boxes of

Washington fruit in my storehouse. I

have tried packing in boxes, but it

takes so much value off from my bar-

rel stock that I find it unsatisfactory.

Some of our apple growers who have

young trees and practice intelligent

methods of cultivation and spraying





 





Care in Harvesting and Packing Brings the Fruit Grower Extra Dollars.





which has received only the ordinary

treatment.

Picking the Fruit.



Good pickers are scarce, but I think

that much of the trouble is due to the

practice of paying the help by the bar-

rel or attempting to rush the work

with a few inexperienced hands. When

a man takes an apple between his

thumb and finger and presses it hard,

he is pretty apt to make a bruise; and

if he yanks off the next year’s branch

the tree is injured. It ought to be lift-

ed properly where it will come off at

the hinge which nature has provided

for that apple. At the right place, if

the apple is taken in the hand so there

is no pressure of the fingers, and lifted

it will come off at that hinge, and it

will leave, the next year’s bud in place

where it ought to be. Many careful

orchard owners have pretty nearly

eliminated the off year on apples, and

I think it is,,due, in. a large measure, to

.care in picking. -_ .



For the past few years the question

of packing: the fruit in boxes has be-

come a pet hobby with many experts

and writers. It is but natural, then,

that many growers have looked with

favor upon it and have adopted it with—

out knowing its disadvantages. The

average orchard owner is constantly

perplexed by‘this problem of which is

the better package to use, and, there-

fore, before giving my individual opin-

ion of this subject I wish to quote from

an interview with one of the leading

growers and shippers of New York ap-

ples, and a man who is also interested

in the apple growing sections of the

Pacific Coast states. .



Use Box for Fancy Fruit.

'_ Mr. C.'W.' Hoag, of Lockport, ‘said to

the 'writer: “For many. growers it

would be simply a waste of good mon-





 





are growing just as attractive apples

as the western growers and find no

difficulty in securing just as good pric-

es, but this is an individual problem

and any man who will take the pains

to put up his fruit in fine condition

need not seek a co-operative organiza-

tion to find good customers for all of

the apples he can grow and market.

What we need most is some fixed stan-

dard of packing and grading that will

keep the rotten, cull stuff off from the

market. So long as growers can not

see their way clear to put up their

fruit in good condition no co-operative

organization on earth can help them

out of their present troubles.” .

The Time to Market Fruit.



While the individual farmer, who

has a comparatively small orchard, is

at the mercy of organized buyers and

transportation companies, yet as the

original owner of the fruit he should

exercise his ability as a salesman—-

whether individually or through some

kind of a selling association. The fore-

most problem confronting him is that

of being able to hold his fruit until the

market conditions are favorable for

selling. For example, the Snow apple

is demanded on the market in October

and November, through the holidays,

sometimes lasts even till New Years;

then the King and Spitzenberg, those

are favorites on the market at that

time, and the Rhode Island Greenings

and that class of apples. In January

and February the market demands the

Northern Spy and later the Baldwin

and Russets. Now the idea is to put

the apples on the market when it de-

mands them and not sell to middlemen

early in the season. Why should the

growers of beautiful, long-keeping ap-

ples put them on the market two or

three months before it demands them?





 





Now there: aref many advantages in





want to think of and study. - Not only





the matter of securing better prices for ’ 7‘





a few years, but the maintaining of





the reputation of their farms or com,»





munities for the production of choice

fruit. Growers who sell their entire

crop to traveling buyers who pick and

put the orchard run into barrels and

dump it on the market during the win-





ter are giving the industry a black eye. ‘





Growers must protect their markets

by protecting the quality of their fruit.

Never allow your choice fruit to be

used to face a mess of slush for some

speculator to get rich on.





Advantage of Storage Room.





The growers who have storage facil-

ities are able to hold their apples until

the markets are cleared of the poorer

grades with which they are flooded

during the early winter. Cold storage:

h‘ouses remove the necessity for sell-

ing at once—a necessity which most

buyers quite naturally work to their

advantage. Even a temporary storage

house, with a fair insulation, will often

pay for itself in a single season by af-

fording sufficient protection against

sudden changes of weather, which fre-

Quently occur shortly after the apples

are harvested and annually destroy

thousands of dollars worth of fruit.



Storing Fruit.



Several gravity—brine systems of cold

storage houses here in western New

York are giving excellent satisfaction,

but it is well to study the matter thor-

oughly before deciding the question of

which is the better type to build. How

much an individual or co-operative

company can afford to invest in stor-

age facilities depends entirely upon cir-

cumstances and conditions. If the

grower is situated nearby a large stor-

age house where he can rent space, it

is many times better to hire his fruit





" stored, but if his farm is quite a dis-





tance from suitable storage houses the

question of investment is a live one.

The man who has an annual average

crop of two thousand barrels of apples

can figure on about $1,00 cost if he

hires his fruit stored. On that basis

one can readily see where a cold stor-

age plant costing $15,000 should prove

an excellent investment for ten farm-

ers who raise twenty thousand barrels

of apples per year, besides it would en-

able them to be independent of the in~

terests that seek at certain seasons of

the year to depress the value of their

fruit. Such a system of storage would

afford accommodations for truck crops

as well as fruit. Some of the most

conservative growers in the country

say that storage houses may safely

represent thirty per cent of the entire

investment of the fruit-growing and

trucking industry. As a rule, if a co-

operative association is formed it is

better to limit the members to as few

as possible to insure the success of the

undertaking. There must be trust,

confidence and a community of interest

among the members or owners of the

storage plant.

Becomes an Independent Seller.



With such facilities the growers are

independent of the middlemen. They

can listen in the fall to fairy tales told

by the traveling buyers, and accept

their offers or not, as they choose. If

the prices offered are reasonable it is

many times advantageous to sell and





let the other fellow assume the risks. .





Some losses are hard to eliminate and

must be calculated in figuring the prof-

its from cold storage. It is always

good business policy to be independent

of the flooded markets and middlemen

during the fall and early winter.





INSECT DAMAGE.





 





Insects destroy twenty per cent of

the fruit crop of this country every

year. This means thirty million dol-





lars yearly taken from the poqkets of

Seems as if"





American fruit growers.





holding the 3 fruit that apple growers"?





 

 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

   





it would pay one to get acquainted,





with thesebugs, even if he grows only

a little fruit‘ for his own use, doesn’t it?"
\





most





The Outlook for: Pork-LP ,‘CthIl II

By W. MILTON KELLY





ROWTH and gains made on for-

age crops and grasses are al-

invariable, cheaper than

growth and gains made by yard feed—





 





ing season and is too succulent for

young pigs, although this shortcoming

may be corrected to some extent by

feeding more liberal rations of dry





 





 

 





3 quently i: will thrive on land where





the forage crops of greater merit fail,

and a blue grass pasture once thor‘.

onghly set will stand for years Rye

affords valuable grazing during the

winter when the other crops are un-

available. Frequently during an open





 





‘ I’ll/‘2“





12"".

4/11 , v" 1" ’1

i ’7" . ’

" A:





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ing. In many experiments pork has

been produced one-third cheaper when

pigs had the run of suitable forage

crops and grasses. With these green

feeds growth will not only be made at

a reduced cost per pound, but it will





 





, It is natural for : beg to wallow. Provide

swallow close to the feeding grounds, to

which add Dr. Hess Dip and Disinfectant





occasionally. The hogs will constantly

pass back and forth from the wallow to

the fee trough: while the DIP will kill

the lice d cleanse the skin. the DRIP

will destroy the germs of disease and the

worms that pollute the ground.





Dr. Hess

Dip and Disinfectant





One gallon makes 70 to 100 gallons solution





is excellent for sheep dipping: it is a guar-

anteed remedy for sheep scab and ticks;

it destroys germs and foul odors—1n short,

its use as a disinfectant around your farm

will keep away disease. Invaluable for dis-

infecting sinks, drains. troughs, garbage

cans, outhouses. etc. Good ahke for home





and stable. Sold in pint

1 gallon





 





bottles, quart. half-gallon,

gallon cans and barrels.





 





63151.00 Dr. Hess Fly Chaser

3 Does not mun, color or blister.

Smaller plums. Makes stock comfortable.

as low as 251‘.

lxeeptln hf DR. HESS & CLARK

West and





Ashland, (“do





be more quickly made, thus reducing

the element of risk that always must

be considered a vital factor in pork

production.



It the forage and grasses are of good

quality they will prove the equal of a

maintenance ration, but in order to de~

rive the maximum feeding value of

these crops and enable the pig to build

them into growth and gains, they must

be supplemented with limited quanti-

ties of grain or by-product feeds. A

light grain ration is necessary even

though the feeder wishes to hold the

pigs in moderate condition to secure

cheap feeds for finishing. A more ex~





often be made when grains are high

by prolonging the full feeding period

so that the pigs will consume more

green feed and less grain. By feeding

less expensive grain and encouraging

the pigs to eat a much larger QUantity





 





 





 





 





DEATH 1'0 ilmss

NEWTON ’S “itlfld‘ifl'aré‘m‘

Semeooeee outed by lot or and SI oen.





Three none are goof-Mood to euro

heevee or money refunded.





   

 





*Mlgli‘w ' .

The original and the up-todate

ltandnrd Veterinary Remedy for Reeves; free booklet

eminsfuil y. so years sale and veterinary use.





MES HEAVES BY CORRECTING CAUSE—

IIMEESTIOI. IT'S A BRAND Mili-

TIGIER lllfl WORM EXPELLEII





Info. lost economical. Excellent for Cattle and “on.

01.00 per can at dealers, at same price by parcel post.





'1'“ NEWTON REMEDY 00.. Toledo, Oklo





“THE GUARANTEE SPREADER”





3'“ A “M“! Valuable Csi



. slog printed

3‘“ [giveni "0 in lcolorl end exceed-

.wl‘ inqu ry. ingly low delivered price

wn'i’eofiiryyoufl l-REE. Write Us Today.





 





 

 

   





For years the GUARANTEE LIME

& FERTILIZER SPREADER with its seven

superior patented features has thoroughly and

convincingly demonstrated its superiority over

practically every other spreader on the market.

The question of spreader superiority has been

settled. Getthe actual facts. Ask the man who

GUARANTEE LIME dz FERTILIZER

While others are claiming quality, we

NT EEING I'I‘ Write us today for full

information and exceedingly low price. mes full

(managed!) with all accessories and FBIEGR





GUARANTEE ll-‘G. C0., Dept. I 8. BALTIIORE, ID.





 





 





Ontario Veterinary College

Under the Control of the Department of Agricul-

ture of Ontario

Established 1&2.



Affiliated with the University of Toronto

College will re—open on Monday. the 2nd of

October, 1916.



110 University Ave., Toronto. Can



Calendar on application.

E. A. A. GRANGE, V. S., M. 8.. Principal.





 





 





BOOK 0N





DOG DISEASES

And How to Feed





Mailed free to any address by

the Author

H. CLAY CLOVER C0., Inc.

118 West 3lst Street, New York





 





Austin's

Pioneer

Dog Remedies





 





 





 





 





 





of green feed it is possible to effect a

marked saving. The rations that pro-

duce the most rapid growth and gains

are not always the most profitable

ones; while on the other hand, rations

that produce cheap growth and gains

may produce such growth and gains so

slowly that the profits will be very

small.



The kind of grain to feed along with

forage crops and grasses will depend





upon the supply of available feeds, the

market prices and the quality of for-

age and grasses. In the generality of

cases when the forage is a. legume,

such as alfalfa, clover, soy beans, cow-

peas, or a non-legume, such as rape,

which runs as high in dry protein as

alfalfa or clover, corn will probably be

the best and most economical feed.

But when sorghum, ry’e, oats and blue

grass make up the forage and grass

crops such high protein feeds as mid-

dlings, oil meal, wheat and tankage

may be profitably used in connection

with corn. At the Missouri Experiment





tensive use of forage and grasses may-





grain along with it.





pasture alfalfa without injuring the

plants.

pendable forage crop, but on account

of its shorter growing season it is less

valuable than a good stand of alfalfa.

Blue grass forms a thick, heavy sod

and furnishes‘splendid feed for early

spring and late fall grazing, and if not

eaten down too closely in the fall will

supply a. considerable grazing after the

cold weather comes. It furnishes a

maximum of grazing before the middle

of July and after the rainy season in

the fall. More grain is required with

blue grass pastnrage than with the





Many successful

feeders turn their pigs on a field of

rape when the ground is too wet to





Red clover is a safe and de-





winter it will furnish a large amount

of grazing and at a time when it is of

greatest benefit to te animals. It may

be pastured up until the time central

stalks begin to form in the Spring. It

is as a food for breeding hogs that rye



excels, because it comes at the time



when the brood sows need the green



feed and exercise. Other forage and



grass crops, such as cowpeas, soy



beans, oats, sorghum and the like may



be used to advantage on soils where



the more valuable crops fail to make ‘

a good stand, but as a general rule



land that is reasonably fertile will



yield abundant crops of the more valu-



able forage and grasses.



(To be continued).





iniifliliiilllliiiiillliiilliilllillilllllliilIllillliilliMIii"IIIIllilliiIllliiiiiiiililiiifliiliiiiiliillliliiflfliiiiillll"illiiiillliiiililliliillllilfliiliiilmllllllilIilliiililflilllliliiiillflllllifliiflliifliflifi





Controlling Contagious Diseases





By G. H. CO





E always advise the hog-owner

to clean up his hog pens and

the like to prevent, and also in



the control of the contagious diseases

of swine, especially hog-cholera. But

too many times we do not make our

directions plain enough. We do not

make the owner feel the real import-

ance attached to the work.



To properly disinfect the place where

hogs have been kept, or any of the

domestic animals, requires a great deal

of hard work, It must not be slighted

in the least or all that has been ac«

complished is lost.



I feel that the word disinfection is





 





1

Experiment Station Trials Indicate Best Results where a Variety of Feeds

are Given the Hogs in a Self-Feeder on Pasture.





not plainly understood by all people. It

is frequently used in connection with

antiseptics.

“that kills” disease germs, while an

antiseptic is an agent that “prevents

the growth” of disease germs.

dorizer is an agent “that destroys the

odor of anything.”

infectant may be all three, but a true

antiseptic is not disinfectant, because

the

enough to kill disease germs, it is then

a disinfectant.





A disinfectant is an agent





A deo‘





So you see a dis-

minute that it becomes





strong





It is a very difficult matter to disin-





NN, D. V. M.





strong antiseptic. If the floors of the

hog house are old and rotten, allowing

filthlto accumulate, it should be re-

moved and likewise the trash under it, '

and a few inches of the earth. The

walls and the ceilings should be swept

free from cobwebs and dirt and should

be scrubbed with hot water. The

troughs should be scalded and also the

swill barrels and pails, and then soak-

ed in good strong disinfectant. It is

advisable to plow up the hog lots, if

the hogs have had any contagious dis-

ease, such as cholera, after they have

been thoroughly cleaned and disinfect-

ed and farm them for a year or so.





In using disinfectants it is always

poor policy to use some of the cheaper

ones, as they are undoubtedly of a low

value as regards their ability to de-

stroy germs of disease. One of the

best obtainable is corrosive sublimate

or bichloride of mercury, which may

be used on the walls and ceilings and

cement floors and like, in the following

proportions: One ounce to eight gal-

lons of water, will kill all germs, while

one ounce to four gallons will kill the

spores of the most resistant germs

that we have, but it is not necessary

to use in as strong solution as the last

unless you have had anthrax on the

place, which is not a common disease.

Great care should be used in employ-

ing this agent as it is very poisonous

and care should be taken that it does

not gain access to the operator’s eyes

as it might destroy the sight. This

solution is best applied with sprinkling

can or broom.





The coal tar dips may be employed

in five per cent solutions for general

disinfection and are veryvaluable. We

would suggest using only those of

known value.





Lime makes a very good disinfectant

when employed as follows: Take 100

parts of quicklime and 60 parts water

and slake it, which forms the hydrate

of lime. Of this take one part and four

parts of hot water and after straining

same apply with spray pump to the

sides, ceilings and floors. If it is not

desirable to use this hot lime solution





Station it was found that the amount

of grain fed was of more importance

than the kind in determining profits

when it was fed in small amounts to

pigs that had access to an abundance

of green feed.





Alfalfa is the most valuable forage

crop for it is rich in protein, contains





 





111111111 AUCTloNEl-IRIN .. Wm... 0......

and Greatest. School



end become independent with no capital invested.



Ellery bunch of the business taught in 5 weeks



Wi‘l y for Ltree cat:



LSCHOOL zO!" AUCTIONEERING.



an. Slammento Blvd., Chicago” Ill. Carey]. Jones, Pres.





 





When writing to advertisers

" please mention the Michi-





the important mineral elements and is

adapted to most farms where other

suitable crops are grown successfully.

It furnishes a large quantity of graz-

ing from early in the spring until late

in the fall and remains seeded for sev-

eral years. Rape, which is the best

non-leguminous crop, ranks next to al-

falfa asla valuable feed for. hogs, It





 





=gan Farmer.





yields less forage, has a shorter grow-





fect many farm buildings owing to

their construction. The walls may con-

tain large cracks and the floors may

be loose, with a large quantity of trash,

manure and the like underthe floor.

The ceiling and walls may be covered

'with cobwebs and dust.



All the trash, manure, straw, cobs

and the like should be collected and

burned. If you do not care to burn the

manure it may be placed in a pile and

thoroughly saturated with a strong dis-

infectant every day or so and be pitch-

ed over and over so that it will bring

all of it where the disinfectant will

reach it. It is safer, however, to burn

the manure.



The hog wallows should be drained

after receiving, a. good quantity of a





the chloride of lime may be employed,

using one pound to three gallons of wa~

ter in the same manner.





Formalin in the proportion of four

ounces to the gallon of water makes a

very good disinfectant also. If your

building is tight or can be made so,

you may use'20 ounces of formalin and





16 ounces of permanganate of potash,

taking a large galvanized tub and placi

ing water in it and then place theper-

manganate of potash in a pail and set

it in the tub and then pour the forma-

lin in with the potash and close the

building and keep it so for 24 hours.

The reaction here is quite pronounced

and it should be watched for a few sec~

onds as it may take fire.
' i. 1TH" farmers facing the pres-

ent labor shortage, and with used to silage as a ration. This caus-

labor at prevailing high prices,- ed many losses and made thefeed un-



economy is necessary in filling the silo satisfactory, strange to say. The sil-

this' season. The-investigations made age would sour and had a strong odor

by the Department of Agriculture, which affected the milk products. But

brings out some very valuable facts on mature corn, or that nearly so, is sat-



- this matter for farmers. isfactory. But the corn should be har-



Prof. Lyman Carrier, scientific as- vested before the stalks and leaves

sistant, visited more than thirty farms. have dried out. If the corn is allowed

He found that the methods of silo fill- to mature beyond this stage water

ing employed by the different farmers must be used on the silage, which

varied greatly, but three groups have causes an unnecessary amount of la-

been classified by Mr. Carrier, and the bor. Several experiments show con-





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





   





   





farmer may choose from these accord- clusively that the nearer the'corn gets IT tans out the tlght’ sm09th bales Of hay that

‘1 r ing to his help and machinery, . to [the mature stage the higher the Shlp well, and sell readily, because pressed

First, the most common practice was feeding value rises. Mature corn con- With our famous pull-power toggle-j0int plunger,





 

 





to have one man with three horses on tains less acid and has a sweet, mild

a corn harvester cutting corn in the odor than does greener corn.

‘field; two men load the wagons in the The Harvester 3 Labor Saver.

field; three to four men with teams, The harvesting machine has come as

depending on the distance from the an economical factor in handling corn,

field to the silo, to haul the corn to the and is a close brother of the silo on

cutter; one man to run the engine practical farmers’ places. It is a la-

when steam was used for power, and, bor-saving device which must be reck-

wben gasoline engines were used, one oned with, and if you do not own one,

man to feed the cutter and one, man in be sure to arrange to hire one. There



- . the silo to spread and tramp silage. can not be said to be any greatly les-

The teamsters pitched off the corn sened cost in handling corn with the

-from their own loads. This demands binder, but the corn can be handled

a crew of eight to nine men, aside quicker, which greatly increases the

from the engine man. It is important feeding value, and time is money at

that the silage be tramped down, as this time. It takes nearly twice as long

this is raising the keeping quality, al- to handle hand-cut bundles as a ma-

though several men practice the poor chine bundle. The time saved in hand-

economy of not using a man in the silo. ling the corn more than offsets the few



When Teams Are Scarce. cents additional for twine.



In instances where there wasashort- The wagon used to haul the corn

age of teams, the following method is may be made economical as a labor

used: One man, With three horses, and time-saver. The Department of

cuts the corn; tWO men load the wag- Agriculture recommends one as fol-

ons in the field; tWO men, or boys, lows: Make arack as low as possible,

with teams, haul the corn to the cut— using a low, solid-wheel truck if pos-

ter; one man unloads wagons; one sible. The rack is made of two 4x6





- man feeds and one man works in the bed pieces, 18 or 20 feet in length, ‘ »

silo. As soon as a load arrives at the bolted together at one end to form a V. , .

cutter the teamster changes his team On top of these timbers is built a rack ' » .

" for an empty Wagon and goes back to six feet in width. The bottom of this ’





the field for another load. When a. rack is about eight feet long. The end SUCTION-FEED,



wagon is unloaded it is run out of the boards are four feet high, built flaring ‘ '



way by hand. With this method boys so they do not quite touch the wheels. REA" SEPARA70



who are not strong enough to handle The apex of the V is suspended below



the green corn can be used to drive the front axle of an ordinary farm wag- Will save you up to $100 a year over any



teams’ thus making a crew 0f Six men on by means Of a long kingbOIt- The other separator. For this reason: Every sep-



and two boys, as1de from engine man. other ends are attached below the hind arator (except Sharples) will lose cream when



There are cases Where there are aide by U'Shaped Clewces' This ”Ck turned below speed (as 19 out of 20 people do)



Sharples skims clean at any speed—due to the wonder-

ful “Suction-feed” invention. Write for our catalog.





 

 





and smoothed with our special roller tucker.



It is made in styles to suit the needs of every farm—

one-horse and two-horse presses for farmers who have

no other power; motor presses for the men who wish

to get through With baling in a hurry; belted Jack

presses for farmers who already own engines; and fast working

belt power presses for baling large crOps, or for custom work.

The line is complete.



. All working parts of International Hay Presses are made of

steel. The sizes are standard, 14 x 18, 16 x 18 and 17x 22, and the

capacity of the different styles ranges from 6 to 35 tons of baled

hay per day.



Write for illustrated folders and catalogues showing these

ballng presses in color and giving complete specifications. You

can see an International press at the place of business of the

local dealer who handles it. We will send you his name if you

Will write us.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





International Harvgnster Cgmpany of America

corporate





CHICAGO U S A





   

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





   





 





   





Champion __ During McCormick Milwaukee Osborne Plano





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





   

 

 





enough horses but a shortage of men. can be easily made by any farmer in

In such cases the following arrange- half-a day. The materials needed are

ment was found satisfactory: One 89 board feet of 4x6 plank, 96 feet of

man, with three horses, runs the har- boards 1x12 inches, 22 feet of lumber

' vester in the field; four men with 2x4 inches, one long kingbolt, two stir- 810

teams hauls the corn to the silo; one rup rods, and bolts and nails. \

man feeds and one spreads the corn in When the silo is more than 35 feet Get one II ‘ ' -"- all'y $2 ”0

the silo. LOW trucks or Wagons With high, it is not necessary to have a man ‘ ’ '

racks suspended below the axles distribute and tramp down the silage.

should be used, so that the teamsters If the surface is leveled tWo or three

can put on their own loads. This crew times a day while filling, the silage will

consists of seven men and an engineer. pack sufficiently to keep. But there is

The Cost of Filling. one objection to doing this. If the cut

In this investigation it was found corn is allowed to pile up in the form

that the average acreage yield was 9.01 of a cone, the heavier parts will roll to

tons of silage per acre, the average the outside of the pile and the grain

cost being 64 cents. Each man out on and leaves will not be evenly distri-

an average 4.9 tons per day, and the buted.

average cost per acre for putting the Distributing Devices.

corn in the silo was $5.98. Although There are several devices which can

distance from field to silo has a great he used for distributing the cut mate-

bearing upon silo filling cost, as would rial in the silo. One of the more sat- '

- breakage of machinery, it was found isfactory, whether a blower or slat "

that poor arrangement of the workers shoot, is used consists of two boards





The Sharples Separator Co. - West Chester, Pa.





Branches : Chicago San Francisco Portland Toronto





W"





n1





 

   

 





 

 

 





1:

will fill

your Silo quick

Power a-plenty in your regular farm

engine to run it. It will cut asfast as

- you can supply—do even cutting-el-

evate any height. Swift, safe, durable.

If your dealer is sold out. tell him

. “ Telegraph the factory."





 

 





ALBAUGH-DOVER co. «12> "

2165 Marshall Blvd. cchco





 

 





 





 

 

   

 





Over 25 000,000 rods Brown





Fence already sold to 490,000

farmers. Factory Prices,



FreightPrepaid. "0 nylon



Iac per rod up. Gates an

Steel Posts. tool Write postal.

THE CROWN PING! ‘ WIRE 00.

,- 00% 49 0 - - cloud-no.0”.





was due to high COSt 0f filling in most eight to ten inches wide and about half

cases. It was found best to place the as long as the diameter of the silo,

men in positions SO that they Will be nailed together at right angles to form

working all the time. T00 many men a trough. A 12-inch board is nailed

in the field for the number at the Cllt- over one end of this trough, the other

ter. or vice versa, and too large a crew end being left open. For use, the r. '

for the size of the silage cutter are trough is suspended from the roof with . Y0 U," §0W5 in

quite common sdurces of loss. Two or the open side downward and the closed HARRI‘S btanCh'OHS

three men and teams with loaded wag- end upward and toward the center of 1” l b -

. . . , WI ee elter, give more

3 ans waiting for their turns to unload, the 8110. The open end rests above the mil ,prove more pro table!

a similar condition in the field where top of the blower pipe. At the cut ma- ofi‘ifig'f'ffgoi,"§3§,§::”£21:

' they are waiting to be loaded,~or a de- terial leaves the pipe it follows along iafter60Da aneTria inyour

lay owing to lack of teams represents this trough until it strikes the closed “uh“? ”demddlemfl

a decided high cost and loss of valua~ end when it is scattered about the silo. Sanitary, Looting,

ble time. Another important factor is (Jo-operation may be used in neigh- ECOflOMlcaI .

the capacity of the cutter to handle borhoods by helping each other in the bythwfingsofsmmifld" '

men.





a e of steel. woo -

corn, and this must be watched in buy- silo filling, and the labor shortage set “Md:“5“?insmled-Wickfifldiufied- Blah





 





 





 





’ Sold mounted ‘





or unmounted





 





95AMERIOAN

Upward CREAM





SEPARATOR V





Sent on Trial. Fully Guaran-

teed. Easyrunning, easily cleaned.

Skims warm or cold milk. Bowl 9

' sanitary marvel. Whether dairy

lclarge or small obtain handsome catalog. Address.





AMERICAN SEPARATOR 00., Box 5061, Bainhridee. N. Y.





.Tlus cw a To Churn». r_

[cl 0 I . ' *'

Send Us No Mono In Advance'





n. In IIII’OIl‘ Chalk-u rings butter in

3 to ‘7 minutes. Operates easily. Gets





(not t) of e b m:- flh. T ltSOda

naixm‘ou'f‘ionm mil. soornri‘awrhp or 3





 





 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





 





 

 





 





 





 





   

   

   

 





ing a cutter. as a few sizes larger than aside. It is possible for farmers to iEéIE-hém ”1352.33 ouéatalog ggy'gfi'éfigd-igs" viiuamg‘inroili:





 





late Harris line of





 





needed will soon pay for itself in la‘ change work, and thus go from one Tells all about the comE mum- In. co. nutM sumac-Io :1





   

 

 

 





 

   

 

 





 





 





   





- bar and time. farm to another until all silos are filled “‘9“? “‘“m’ 3"“ “hm“ P 1“” ”m'""l'.:":1'_':m""""""" '

Farmers wereaccustomed to harvest in the co-operative unit. mic ouourm" IO'DA ' B. L- K. MILKERS FOR SA E





 





 





Having disposed of my dairy herd I will sell 3 B. L. K. ».

Mllkers and complete equipment. 600. A.Tme, ArmadnJlich. ~ . .





   





 





 





mustangs





romaine ‘





 





 





" i_ their corn “only when it Was‘lmm'ature ' New York. ‘ ‘ EARL 'W. GAGE.
TO anyone- who doubts the fact

that the United States is rapidly

ascending to the position of

world banker, the following list of

loans made by us to foreign nations

since the outbreak of the war will be

a very convincing point. .

We have loaned to foreign nations

$1,764,950,000 in the following amounts:





Our Forclgn Loans

By]. R. MILLIGAN





is that the investors in the British loan

will hold a direct obligation of the Brit-

ish government, while the investors

who ultimately financed the French

loan hold only the notes of an Ameri-

can corporation. Why did France

choose, or why was it necessary for

her, to borrow through a medium in

this way, and why did England dis-





Anglo-French five—year 5’s..$500,000,000 pense with this?





British gov’mt two-year 5’s 250,000,000

British Bank loan ........ 50,000,000





0





Possibly France did not like the idea

of admitting that her notes required





French three-year loan. . . . 100,000,000 , ,

French one-year notes. . . . . 30,000,000 the additional collateral to make them

French special credit.... 55,000,000 saleable, and preferred having the





Canadian government 120,000,000

Canadian municipalities .. 120,000,000

Italian governm’t one-year





notes of an American corporation of-

fered instead; while England was con—





notes .................. 25,000,000 tent‘to take the American investor just

German government notes. 35,000,000 as he is, and possibly to consider the

SWiSdS' government ntotestu . 13333883 need for collateral more a reflection on

figswleggiaiogrgvgglfigt 2&2: 8,000,000 his judgment than on her credit. It is

Argentine governm’t notes ’ ' also possible that it was necessary for



notes and bonds ........ 75,000,000 France to adopt the medium of an Am-

Pafiiildmgoggirivritflegtngoggsta 4 500 000 erican corporation, backed by the coun-

Yucatan government bonds 10,000,000 trys belst-kdnown bankers, because 0f

Russian governm’t accept- the reaize difficulty of selling here



ances .................. 25,000,000 such collateral as she had to offer, and

Russian government credit 50,000,000 also, perhaps, because the credit of the





Chilian govrnm’t bank loan 10,000,000

Greece ................... 7,000,000

Panama ................. 3,000,000

Newfoundland notes ...... 5,000,000





Total .................$1,764,950,000

No estimate has been made of the

loans which have been made here pri-

vately for the account of the Allies.

Some of the individual loans secured

by deposit of American securities and

subject to call, as any Ordinary Wall

street call loan, have run as high as

$75,000,000.



Before the war the funds of United

States investors and institutions were

invested very largely in bonds and

stocks of American companies, and in

fact, American companies were obliged

to resort to Europe for assistance in

financing their needs. Not only have

we, during the last two years, been

obliged to cover our financial needs at

home, but in order to supply funds to

our customers abroad, to purchase

manufacturers’ products, We have been

obliged to handle the above list of for-

eign loans, and have changed over-

night from a debtor to a creditor

nation.



These loans have been brought out

at a time when the relative credit of

foreign nations is somewhat impaired.

The bonds have been usually for a

short-time period, bearing attractive

rates of interest and sold at rather un~

usual discounts, providing in this way

exceptional investment opportunities

for United States investors.



The $250,000,000 loan to Great Brit-

ain announced last week, follows in

most respects along the lines of the

loan to France made a month ago. It

is, like that, a short-term obligation,

backed by collateral, and bearing in-

terest at five per cent. The compara-

tive credits of the two governments,

and the manner in which Wall street

regards the respective collateral be<

hind them, are reflected in their yields.

The three-year notes issued for France,

offered for public subscription at 98,

yielded about 5% per cent; the Brit-

ish two-year notes to be offered at 99,

will yield just a little over 51/2 per cent.





 





French government is not as widely ap-

preciated in this country as that of

Great Britain.





 





~INVESTMENT QUERIES.





 





I have been offered the seven per

cent preferred stock of The Michigan

Smelting & Refining Company. Do you

regard this as a safe investment for a

business man?



Lenawee Co. S. T. W.





The writer is familiar with the com-

pany whose stock you mention. The





, Michigan Smelting & Refining Com-





pany has been in business a long time

and has enjoyed uniform prosperity.

Its affairs are in the hands of men

thoroughly competent to manage it,

and I am informed that the recent

stock issue which you mention was put

out to refund their floating debt and

give them additional capital for further

expansion.



The total assets of the company, ex~

cluding good will, are $1,691,000, or,

they are three and one-half times the

preferred stock issue. The net quick

assets of the company, which consist of

raw materials, amount to $1,418,000, or

three to one for each share of prefer‘

red stock. I am informed that the

earnings for the past five years would

average six times the dividend require-

ments of the issue.



The company has a good business

established with automobile and brass

manufacturers all over the country and

its prosperity should continue in the

future.



Every feature of this stock looks

very attractive at the present market,

which is par and accrued dividend.





SHEEP BREEDERS MEET.





 





The thirtieth annual meeting of the

Improved Black Top Delaine Merino

Sheep Breeders’ Association was held

on August 16 at “Clay Stock Farm,”

the home of Mr. and Mrs. Carl Moeck-

el, of Jackson county. As the noon

hou1 diew nea1 members of the associa-

tion,togethe1 with friends and neigh





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Should Find You Equipped VVfth





WINCHIJTIR





RIFLES AND CAR TRID GES





They will insure your success as they have

that of thousands of other hunters. Don’t’take

the chance of Spoiling your hunt by using

other makes, but take along Winchester Rifles

and Cartridges—the always—reliable kind.

You can get them to suit your ideas, as Win-

chester Rifles are made in Single Shot, Re-

peating and Self-Loading (or so-called auto-

matic) models, and in various calibers; and

Winchester Cartridges are made in all the

different sizes. Ask your dealer about them





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 





and he will tell you they are “_0. ‘K.”.

THE w BRAND GETS THE GAME





 

 

 

 





 

 





 

 





. “mm ‘Hum I": .:,_ - ,





 





 





 

 





llllWAY'S ERIE





My new 100 page flat! bar ain book



_ just: off the press and res to mail!

Also the second edition 0 my big



page 1916 catalog. A post



, 3| ets your copies tally Inesezso books describe the famou

Go away line of Sanitary Cream Separators, the Galloway

Gasoline and Kerosene Engines, the new 1917 models Gall lo-

wa Manure Spreaders, our new 1917 12- 20 h. p. Tractor, all

kin sof farm machinery, ensilage cutters, power house-ac-

cessoriea grinders, buggies, wagons, harness, fencing, roof-

ing. saddles, automobiles. stock tanks, auto accessories, sew-

ing machines, household goods, carpets. furniture, complete

line of clothing for every member of the family. I want; ,

youto have 5‘33]? copies! ro a postal today. Let .-

theoe two great ksguide yourf l buying and they will

33:: yogi“:q from$200 8500. Remember Galloway is manufac-

ng eadq





ENG_INES—-SEPARATORS

SPREADERS—TRACTORS





As well as many lines of general merchandise which are sold direct .. , ,



‘ from factory to you at one small profit. These book ks tel ll truth about Gol- "1"" ‘ 1 s .

Iowoyt sin-luau Groom Scour-ton. They give Gasoline Englno Search and? Pooh.



They "how" and why the Galloway Monuro sKroodoro are built better and sold for less money.



3 Seporotora £2131! (3:33:12: vrvnynnaye 1151-1511011? tp. tractor.1 th copy E)! 33121} book should be in your hands even if



a



3450 up trated.Aol1 a" “1°"? ".0 “pl..<1.r“a ymg e mg. no in four colors and handsomely illus-



WM. LOWAY. Pres, THE WM. GALLOWAY COMPANY



30X 187 ,wATERI-OO. 1061M. FARM IMPLEMENT MlNUFAGTURING SPECIALIST:



Engines of all sizhes :: - r ‘ Theoetw '



. -. from13-4t016 h. ~ .r, 1



‘ p. heavy duty mo-





 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

   

 

 

   

 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





Inod l ‘

1G11llovvoytj'eilaloofoo-I ’





 





 





ls. Prices _way - .z mouo road

down. Big ' era. Sgn’t

engines buy a spread-

lower or of any kind

thn until ”8:31: hovo

ever. booko.





   





 





 





 





bors to the number of 155, presented

themselves. Piomptly at 11:30 the





When the present British loan was

first discussed, it was believed that its

chief point of difference with the

French issue would be its collateral,

consisting entirely of American securi-

ties, instead of the securities of neu-

tral countries. The difference between

the loans in this respect, however, is

one simply of relative quantity. Only

one-third of the British collateral con-

sists of American securities. The

French loan had a small amount of

American corporation securities behind

it. What is more important, from the

point of view of the prospective inves-



~- tors in the notes is that the securities

behind the British loan are more read-

ily saleable in this market.



But the difference between the two

issues which invites most speculation





guests were invited to the spacious din-

ing—rooms where the hostess served a

most elaborate banquet, assisted by a

number of ladies in catering. After

the wants of the inner man were well

‘taken care of the guests were invited

to the shady lawn where the meeting

was called to order by the president,

L. L. Harsh. The secretary’s report

was read and stood approved. Next

was the election of officers for the en-

suing year, which resulted as follows:

President, L. L. Harsh; vice-president,

Otto D. Luick; secretary—treasurer, O.

M. Robertson. An excellent program

was given. Mr. Charles Kleckler ex-

tended to the association an invitation

to hold their next annual meeting at

his home, near Oak Grove, which was

accepted. Five new members were





 





 





finsw 01.1) DETnorrNA'HONALBANK.





MINIIR FIDIIAL RESERVE BANK





(IDVER $60,000,000 of resources give to this

bank a strength and dominance that are

reflected in the service it is able to give to its clients.

Correspondence IS invited from banking institu-

tions or general business concerns to Whom a

Detroit connection is desirable.





 





 





 





 





DETROIT





 





 





 





 





 





 





taken into the association. A vote of

thanks was given our host and hostess





for their hospitality, everybody voting Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you





this one of the most successful meet-





 





ings ever“ held.





are writing to advertisers and you will do us a favor
LITERATURE

‘ POETRY



HISTORY ma

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





   

 





 

 





 

 





[mi/A?





ail—15””)





 





grocer

WEEKLY.





 

 

 





 

 





 





{Ute FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





5——





This Magazine Section toms apart of our paper every week.





:2





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





 





HE fur season will soon be with



us again. Young pelt hunters



all over America will get down



their traps and start after the valuable

pelts which are found in almost every

rural community. Those‘who live in

the northern states can place their

~trap line earlier than those in the

southern sections and get good skins;

likewise they can continue longer in



the spring. ’



During the last few years, most

states have passed laws prohibiting the

catching of fur bearers until their

skins are at least of fair quality. Gen-

erally speaking, the season extends

from about the first of November to

the last of March. And yet, if the





IllllllmllINIllllIHIllllllliIIl|I’llllllIlllIlllllllllllIIIIIIHHIIHIHIHIHIHIIIIHIHIHIHIIHHHIllIIHIHIIIlllIIIlIlll[lllIlllIlllllllIllIIHHHIl”IHIiHIiIlllHIlIllHIHHHHIIHHHHIHHHHIHI|llHHHHHIHIIHHHHllIHHHlIHIHHHHHHHHIHIIHIHIHHIllIHIIHIHIHIHHIHIHIHIIIHIHHIHIIIHIHHIHHHIIIHHIIHIIHIIHHH





WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES





Practical Talks on Trapping





By GEORGE J. THIESSEN





weather happens to be warm, some an-

imals do not commence to prime until

later and when this is the case they

should not be taken. For instance,

mink do not get good fur even in the

north until about the first week in

December. ‘



Then there is a class of pelt hunters

who regardless of laws, and I am sorry

to say that these are not enforced any

too well in many communities, as soon

as the first frost comes will start to

make their sets. Generally the catch





 





'American Members of the international Joint Commission on Mexico:

Franklin K. Lane, Secretary of the Interior; Center, Dr. John R. Mott,

Sec. World Christian Federation, and Ex-Judge Gray.





Left,





 





 





 





rrhis Political Gathering Indicates the Wide interest tr} Politics in. Year.





 





will be large, due to the activity of the

fur bearers in storing up their food and

preparing their winter quarters. These

beginners hold their furs usually for

months and then ship them, expecting

the number threes and fours to bring

them as much as the prime hides.

They discover that early caught furs

bring but a fraction as much as those

of good quality—and often claim the

buyer cheated them. Of course, should

they catch any more pelts later and

send it to some other house, they will





compare the two returns and arrive at

the conclusion that the first to whom

they sent their goods were robbers

and the last a fair and honest concern.



I advise all to select their trapping

grounds early. Go over it carefully,

locating the dens, runways, etc. When

this is done one will know about where

all of his' sets can be made when the

time comes, the number and kind of

traps to get.



It is also a good idea to arrange

feeding places for the smaller animals,

both on land and in the water. Use

attractive lures, placing them in such

a position that one or more traps can

be conveniently arranged later in the

season. It is not well to use too much





ttlllli{HEHHHIIHHHHIIHllllllllllHIHIHHHIHIHIHHIHUHlllll HlllllllI||i|IHIHIHIHHIIIHHHHIHIIIHIHIIIHIIHHHltllIilIIHHIHHIIII





 





 





 





Field Generator, Tractor, and Searchlight Trailer of U. 3. Marine Corps.

Copyright by Underwood. & Undrwood N. r. ‘
_ moat. This ought to be severed with

weeds, brush, etc., so as" to be hidden

from crows, hawks and similar birds.



In shallow streams, lakes and ponds,

not too far from shore, follow the same

method of placing attractors. These

can be placed above the surface of the

water on rocks, etc. Care ought to

be taken not to leave signs of the pelt

hunter.



When feeding spots are built and

maintained the animals get used to

coming to them for food. Good catch-

es, especially of skunk, can be had

with great frequency at Such places.



Go along the banks of small mean-

dering streams and construct artificial

dens about eighteen inches deep, near

the surface of the water. Do not have

these excavations too close together.

After completing, dash water around

the spot to destroy the human smell.

Strange as it may seem, if the dens

are made early, many of them will be

enlarged and occupied by mink.



Good traps do not necessarily mean

large catches, but poor ones—those un-

suited—invariably mean few furs. If

your bunch contains those which have

been used a season or two, carefully

test them. Invariably No. 1’s which

are generally preferred for mink, after

a year or longer, will be found‘ scarce-

ly strong enough for muskrat and

weasel.



The beginner will want some advice

in selecting his traps. While I might

say that one should select what the

manu'acturers recommend for the var-

ious animals, it might be worth while

for we to give my personal preference

in ii) natter.



in f ‘3 first place, the boy trappers

117:.1aw cannot afford to put a great

a ,10‘ , of money in their outfit. And

i. r {we 'maller fur bearers, I think the

cutla unnecessary since there are

some vsry good traps which can be

had very cheaply—and they will an-

sver t .1 - purpose in every way. There

is the .5; 'ztor, built on the same style

as the 3 nuine Newhouse, with spe-

ciaily tempered springs which do not

break even coldest weather.

,The Hopper IS the jump or leap style

trap. Another good trap—and I men-

tion itior the benefit of those who hes-

itate to take the skunk and civet cat

because of their odor~—is the Sabo

which kills these animals with little or

no smell. L



A few words about sizes: I hesitate

to tread on this ground for the reason

that even professionals have prefer—

ences at variance with what the manu-

facturers recommend. However, Iwill

discuss this topic briefly in the hopes

that some hint may be valuable to the

amateur trapper.



Skunk.—Number one and one and a

half, Hector, Hopper, Victor, Sabo,

etc., etc.



Civet Cat—Number one—same pat-

terns as skunk.



Mink—Number one and one and a

half, same patterns as skunk.



Muskrat—Number one, same pat-

terns as skunk. (Owing to the fact

that this size often breaks the leg bone

and‘ allows the animals to escape, un-

less the set is fastened in deep water,

I invariably use the Number Ought

Hopper which catches the fur bearers

high and is strong enough to hold

them.



Raccoon—Number one and a half,

same patterns as skunk.



Opossum.——Number one, same pat-

terns as skunk.



Weasel.——Number One Hector, Hop-

per or Victor. (I prefer the Number

Ought Hopper for the reason that it

does not cut off or break the leg, al-

lowing the animal to crawl away to

die, no doubt, in some hole from loss

of blood, where the pelt hunter never

finds it).



If the suggestions I have given are

followed, the pelt hunter, as he be.

comes more experienced, will probably

make a definite choice for each of the

different animals.



While I am on this subject let me

, add that new traps do not always work





 





properly and silhoul





 





,. f Wm

being "used. To do this, set them and

then spring with a stick wrapped with

cloth. If one snaps the jaws empty,

they are liable to break.



New traps ought never to be set, as

most fur bearers will not enter them.

It is best to rust them for a few days

and then stain by boiling in a “paint”





in a week





 





m‘himginm





disc. the





 





Twin 566010er as





desired. '





Do not oil traps with machine oil,





etc., as the odor will have ‘a tendency

to keep the fur bearers away from the

sets made with them.



For snow sets, traps may be whiten-

ed by dipping them in lime and water.





made of walnut husks and water. Some . They must be handled carefully, other





prefer to wire the bunch together and





wise the white will rub off.





 





:—





J" .r_ -,.





 





,

‘ .





 





as, -





x





/





its





 





 





The Raccoon. .

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White Sister of the Pioneer Path





By CAROLINE CRAWFORD DAVIS





(Continued from last week).



An hour before sunrise the next

morning, White Sister was actually on

her way to Detroit, the goal of her

dreams. Wabenito was to remain at

the Atkin’s, and in the event of the

girl’s finding friends he would be re-

turned to his people. So excited was

the girl over her adventure that she

did not fully realize that she might not

see the child again, until his howls of

remonstrance brought her back into

the cabin. Her new friends persuaded

her that it was best to go quickly, so

hoping that she might again have him

with her, she took her place on the

cart.



Tom Fletcher walked beside his

team, and guided them with a long

lash. Occasionally he would sit beside

White Sister to rest himself, but not

for long at a time. He hoped to make

the journey in two days, so must re-

lieve the animals of his own weight.

Their way at first was through such

deeply wooded country that the girl,

used only to the ponies of the Indians,

wondered how the cart would get

through the trees; Tom threaded the

narrow trail carefully and skillfully.

The road was hilly, too, and occasion-

ally there was a stream to ford. It

was cool and delightful, this slow trail-

ing through the shaded greenwood, and

in her heart, the girl sang a little song

of happiness.



When the sun told them it was noon,

they stopped by a spring, and ate from

the basket that Mistress Atkin had pro-

vided. While the oxenbrowsed for an

hour, Tom threw himself on the grass

and drew his cap over his eyes. He

was so silent that White Sister

thought he was asleep, but when she

moved very softly for fear of disturb-

ing him, he told her that she had no

need to keep quiet. When they went

on again he had left his silent mood

behind, and chatted gaily and hopeful-

ly. He told her of the work he had

planned—he was going to work like

four men, now that he had an object in

view. White Sister was puzzled by

that last expression—it had not been

in Trapper John’s vocabulary. As he

sat beside her on the cart, Tom told

her tales of his old home across the

sea; then, walking again, he sang

snatches of the, songs of his mother-

land. Once when he looked back

quickly be surprised a tear in the girl’s

eye. '



“Have I said ought to offend you ?”

he asked gravely. He realized the un-

conventionality of their situation as

she did not, and strove to keep. as far

from personalities as possible.



“No, no,” protested the girl. “It is





only that I am beginning to understand

how other girls live. I "have had no

home—I wonder if I shall have one in

Detroit.”



“If you do not you shall have one at

Ginsagaigan,” said the young man so

Warmly that the girl blushed.



“Tell me more about your sisters——

do they really wear hats with flowers

or cloth upon them, and moccasins

that lift their heels from the ground?

Shall I see such things in Detroit? And

is it a large town like the places you

have been telling me about in Eng

land ?"



“It is as large as some, but not at all

like them. I can hardly explain the

difference only that they are older, and

more finished; and then, there are no

Indians over there.”



“How very strange.”



“Here is a river that we have to ford

-—it‘ is called after the Hurons. Some

miles below we shall cross it again

near the home of a family by the name

of Clark. I shall ask for lodging for

you there.”



“I had as lief sleep in the open.”



“It would not be seemly. They have

a daughter Phoebe, about your age,

whom you will like.”



The path, in making a curve around

a steep hill, passed a rectangular ex‘

cavation loosely walled with stones.



"Here is what the settlers speak of

as an Indian well. They believe that

in an earlier day such pits were used

for the burning of white prisoners by

the savages. Know you if this be

true?” asked Tom.



“It is not so,” and the girl hastened

to defend her adopted people. “The

Indians are very fond of feasts, and

in these pits they are wont to roast

great quantities of roots. Let me look

Hyes, there are the stones which they

make red-hot, then fill the pit, and cov-

er it for a whole day. The Great Spirit

blesses the feasts, for is it not he who

supplies the hunting grounds?”



It was now nearly sunset, and giving

an anxious glance at the team, Tom,

with a “Haw, Bob,” and a “Get-up,

Bright,” to the oxen pushed On without

further conversation. An hour later

they reached the Clark’s home Where

Tom was welcomed gladly, he having

made it his stopping place several

times before. Strangely enough, Tom

found an old friend there, one Alfred

Crawford, who had but lately arrived

from England. He was staying at his

neighbors while his own cabin was be-

ing built. It was soon apparent that

when he left there he expected to take

the daughter of the house with him as





‘ his Wife. '





' 'She' was a pretty girl, and Tern had-





 

 





 

 





 





Was. glad to see that Alfred and Phoebe

were taken ‘with each other. ‘ After

supper Mr. Clark and his guests sat

outside the door and talked, but the

two girls remained within, and White

Sister rapidly added to her knowledge

of civilized ways. At the same time

she told of her own life, and her quest.



“Don’t search too hard for a home,“

advised Phoebe laughingly.



"Why not ?" asked White Sister, col<

oring.



“That blush proves that you know.

Tom Fletcher never looked at maiden

before as he looks at you, I wager,"

answered Phoebe, wise in her new

knowledge. .



With many kindly expressions of

hope for the success of both Tom's

and White Sister's quests, the Clarks

sped their guests on their way the fab

lowing morning. They started even

earlier than the day before, for [the

greater part of the distance was yet to

be traveled. The road was better,

though, and not so hilly, so Tom hoped

to reach his destination before the

night fell. They went as rapidly as

possible, Tom riding but little, and con-

versing even less. He was strong and

used to walking, besides, he wanted

time to think. If he was able to keep

his team, and the girl ‘did not find

friends, he could take her back with

him. She would then remain at the

Atkin’s until he had time to woo and

marry her. But if he lost the team,

and she did not find her friends, the

situation would be rather difficult. He

had told her nothing of his trouble,

hoping more than ever that his credit-

or would prove lenient.



At noon, encouraged by the distance

they had come, Tom became more talk-

ative. White Sister, accustomed to the

taciturnity of the Indians, had not re-

sented his silence, though now she wel-

comed his affability, and chattered

happily.



“What large houses we have been

passing! .Many of them must have

more than one room; and I have seen

women with black shoes of cloth upon

their feet instead of moccasins, and

others with wooden things like little

boats. How can they walk? Shall we

be there soon ?”



“Before sunset, I hope.”



“And are the houses large in De-

troit?”



“Much larger than any you have yet

seen, and then there are the shops.”



"What are shops ?"



Tom was about to reply that they

were places where one might buy dress

fabrics, hose, and such gear, as well as

household plenishings, but a glance at

the girl's buckskin dress and beaded

moccasins stayed his ansWer. “You

will have to visit them to understand,”

he replied gently. "



When they went on again, she enter-

tained him with tales of Indian life.

Once they passed an Indian encamp-

ment, and the squaws looked curiously

at the girl in the buckskin dress who

was riding on a white man’s cart. For-

tunately for Tom, the house of his

creditor was upon this road they were

traveling, and well before sundown he

stopped his tired team in front of a

heuse which was far larger than any

they had yet pasSed.



“I have business to transact within,"

he said to White Sister. “Will you

come with me, or remain here?”



“I would rather stay here, and watch

the people pass.”



“Very well; I shall be but a few mo‘

ments,” and he entered the room which

was used as an office.



“Good-even, Mr. Hamilton," he said

to a white-haired man who was bend-

ing over a paper at his desk.



At his greeting the man turned and

rose. He was younger than his white

hair would indicate, but his expression

was austere,'and of settled melancholy.

A scar, as of a deep knife wound. be-

gan, at his temple and extended down

his cheek until it was hidden by :his



~ - -» . '(Continued on page 228)..





\
‘ S . HE ‘ Farm Loan . Commissioners





' for loan purposes is going to be a valu-





' stock of the loan association and be





appointed by the'President to

handle the rural. credits act, met

Michigan people in Represent'atives’

Hall at Lansing on August 25 for a

discussion of Michigan needs, and the

point of location of one of the twelve

regional banks.



Before any of the benefits of this

act accrue there must first be located

the district bank, which must include

no fractional part of a state. The

Michigan belief was that Ohio and In-

diana would be a proper district with

this state, and Lansing the place for

the bank'.~ Wisconsin might or might .

not be included. A glance at the map

would show that the radius from Lan-

sing to northern peninsula extremities

would include all of Ohio and Indiana

and extend as far south as Charleston,

West Virginia. Unlike the federal re-

serve regional banks, there is no nec-

essity of location at great banking and

commercial centers. The high interest

rates prevailing in the northern por-

tion of the state practically on a line

drawn from Bay City to Muskegon was

urged as the field of greatest need.



Lansing is a sort of mecca of agricul-

tural and live stock interests, the loca-

tion of the state capitol with the pub-

lic domain commissions office and that

of the auditor-general for tax and other

records, and of the Agricultural Col-

lege with its connections through coun-

ty agents, makes that city particularly

well situated for the district bank.



Michigan has other favorable fea-

tures, viz. the New England or town-

ship system of government as the unit,

with township officers who would be

familiar with local conditions of ap-

praisement. In fact, the appraisal of

government officials of farm properties





i





able countercheck on over-valuations.

Michigan’s mortgage tax law, with a

registration for taxing purposes, and

no other taxation, is a favorable con-

dition, as federal and state government

friction is avoided. Agricultural inter»

ests may take a different view of this

law under these conditions. Bonds is-

sued by the Land Bank are exempted

from federal state and municipal taxa-

tion and are legal investment for trust

funds. If the mortgages were subject

to taxation as property some complica-

tions might follow.



An attache of the commission said

privately the Michigan meeting was

the most satisfactory of any so far

held. There was a decided attitude to

aid in urging the act and assisting in

its iniative.



Secretary of the Treasury McAdoo

is quoted as saying that the law can-

not be put in operation before next

spring. When the regional bank is lo-

cated anyone can subscribe for stock

but the United States government only

awaits 30 days and at that time takes

all the remaining or unsubscribed

stock. A banking institution exists,

then, with a minimum of $150,000 capi-

tal, ready to do business. It is then up

to local organizations to act, and it

was pointed out that the county agents

and agricultural organizations already

in existence would be strong factors in

Michigan in assisting in this work.

Any ten or more men who are owners

or prospective owners of land are or-

ganized into‘a loan association. The

minimum aggregate of loan to any one

association must not be less than $20,-

000. The individual must subscribe

five per cent of his loan to the capital





liable to a possible assessment of five

per cent additional. These features of

the act are pointed out as objection-

able by those who would discredit the

act. In addition to this reasonable-

ness of safeguarding the bank it makes

the mortgagor a partial investor or

capitalist whose interest it is to see

that the association is conducted

squarely. When the mortgage is dis-

charged the liability is automatically





 





= Jeleased er the stock may, supplant a





l»





l





1W”.





1





l





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





mm





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





SIXES— ' '



Seven—Passenger Touring $1365

Seven-Passenger Sedan . 1530

Roadster . . . . . 1335





F. 0. B. Kcnosha





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





FOURS—

Seven—Passenger Touring $1095

Seven-Passenger Sedan 1260

Roadster . . 1065





F. 0. B. Kenosha





Country Roads Really

Give This Car Its Chance





Seven





$13-65





Passenger

53 Horsepower

I25-inch Wheelbase





A long, low, hammock-slung body—longer wheelbase—vibrationless motor—yet, at a





lower price—$1365.





Put it on its mettle—this new Jeffery Six-the car of Mechanical Precision.





Pick out roads in your own township-roads where you know a car must show its spunk——

roads where an automobile must find its own foothold and where there are hills and sand and





mud that would balk most machines.





You see in the new Six a hardy, ever-ready traveler which will stand up and serve with the

least poss1b1e care from its busy owner—a car that always commands the respect and admiration





of your neighbor, as well.





Real Comfort





And in it you are always comfortable, too.

You find easy, restful travel after the day’s

work, and the occasional long trip is like a

ride in a Pullman train.



The quiet 53 horsepower motor offers all

the power you will ever want, and more. The

vibrationless engine and oversized crankshaft,

inherently balanced, make this car a fine ex-

ample of what careful manufacture, all under

one roof, can do. There is no vibration at

any speed.





Upon each new Jeffery Six appears the device shown at the

the high i'deals of mechanical refinement adhered to in





bottom of the illustration.

the making of all Jeffery products.





An Old-Line Company





The new Jeffery Six is the safest buy on the '

market today. Buying of farm machinery has

proved that the “old-line” company is prefera-

ble. And this company is one of the oldest

and staunchest in the industry. Doubled pro-

duction and consequent saVings by a greater

company make possible the new price—$1365.



After you have seen this car—the long, low,

hammock-slung body—~and after you have

tested it on your own roads—.you will want to

take the new Six back home with you.





It denotes





The Nash Motors Company, Kenosha, Wisconsin, U. S. A.





Manufacturers of Jeffery Motor Cars and Trucks





 





Has Been Continuously Making _





WAGONS—BUGGIES—HARNES





for Every Farm Use Since I852

SEE THE STUDEBAKER DEALER





   





 

 





 





ran 3‘ lE.—Red Rock Wheat. Rosen Rye

O Berkshire igs out of son 0



Superbua. GEO. PARDEE, Gal en. Michigan.

White Rye, Timothy, ' Alfalf , Vet h.

Mammoth etc. 5000 was. s... “magma...

and catalog free. W. N. Bcarfl', Box E. New Carlisle. 0.





WE WV "1' VETGH. SEND "3





S A M P L E 8.

YOUNG-R OLPH SIED (30.. Owouo. Mich.





80,000 Peach Trees ..





Fall shipments. 100 V 50 each, Less 100 70 each. no less

than 50 recs sold, arieties.fElberta. E. Crawford.

L. Crawford. Dewe . G. Mine, N. Prolific. Engle,

Ocean Cuthhertre m berries 1000.86.00:5m 82.75;

Elder o and Snyder blac berries 1000. saw: 506. £626,

No.1 stock. , Satisfaction arauteed. Order in

. Reference or informat on on recuBSt. "

Mayors Plant Nursery. 4 Merrill. Mich.





 





 





 





 

   





RED ROCK WHEAT A new gem eed

variety.( eve oped

by the A ricultural College. and producing an average

yield of bushels per acre wiihout fertilizer. The best

all-round Michigan wheat. being of good milling

quality, a. vigorous grower. winter hardy, and surviv

ing unfavorable harvest conditions better than most

Write to Secretary Michigan Experiment





varieties. ‘

East Lanai ng, Michigan.





Association,

ROSE N RY E The “‘3" “ed"

. greed rye that

produced an average yield of ~11. ‘1. bushels per acre with-

out fertilizer. Very hardy, stools abundantly and the

heads are especial y well filled. Farmers report it much

better than common varieties. Write to Secretary

Michigan Experiment Association, East Lansing,Mich.





Northern Grown llairy Velcli Seed.





DORR D. BUELL, Elmira, Michigan.





For Sale

AGRICULTURAL LIMESTONE 7





running 98% pure. .This lime is in ideal condition for

Wplylng to the qoxl, either mechanically or by hand.



rite for prices in car lots or in small “entities.

E. I. du Pont de Nemoun a: 00., Bay lty. Michigan

DIRECT TO YOU and we will





L I M E send slings and full particu-





lars. Wri to .

LAKE snonn: STONE edgigfih'im m'





 





 





 





 





Pnlverized lime rock for “sour"

soils. Write for LOW PRICE!





linsketon. Mien" and, Benton Hal-bon'lflch.





I“
.simiiar portion of that Lorlginally sub?

. scribed .by the United'States. When





«the applications for loans are made

and passed or the regional bank ad-

vances the money and in turn issues

L bonds against these mortgages. The

original capital would soon be exhaust-

ed if it were not for these bond issues

which will bear not to exceed one per

cent interest rate less than the mort-

gage. The exact interest rate the mort-

gage will bear will depend on the de-

mand and absorbent, power of bond in-

vestors. When one reflects that simi~

lar bonds in the German Empire sell

even in peace times higher than gov-

government bonds, and as previously

pointed out, are legal investment for

trust funds and are not subject to tax—

ation that. a net earning power of four

and a half, or even four per cent,

might seem possible. These figures

are conjectures based on net earnings

of other high-class bonds. The use of

money loaned is restricted to farm im-

provement and adjuncts essential to

farming.



The necessity for drainage in many

counties can be met by this law, and,

in fact. a most profitable investment

which would be repaid often in one

season.



The opportunities for the tenant to

become an owner are vastly increased.

The question was asked by one of the

board members as to whether a farmer

who sought to retire would accept, a

small down payments and a second

mortgage for the remainder after 1e

Getting the possible 50 per cent in pay-

ment to be obtained under this law

from the purchaser“? The natural argu-

ment would seem that the possession

of an assured income invested in non-

taxable bonds and upon which each

year‘s amortization decreased the loan

association liability and automaticaliy

increased the second mortgage assets

would seem good. in addition to this,

the partial underwriting of the loan by

the local association in its stock sub-

scription and five per cent liability,

while directly a guarantee to the reg-

ional bank is a guaranteeio him in ad

dition. The working of this in Europe

is that a worthless character who al-

lows his holding to deteriorate is forc-

ed out of the association and another

man found deemed to be worthy, as-

sumes the farm. Foreclosuers on the

continent are rare, but of short proc-

ess. The reluctance of farmers to sell

when no longer desirous to occupy and

work their own farms is often based

on the uncertainty of a safe invest.-

ment. The land mortgage bonds an-

swers this heretofore uncertainty.



Former Secretary of Treasury Ly-

man J. Gage, said an ideal financial

system for a nation was available cur-

rency to negotiate every needed tran-

saction. The present law attempts

this in relation to agriculture in mak-

ing real property non-mobile in ex-

change and makes liquid a portion of

property whose constant tendency is to

become fixed capital.





The small investor who has found

himself between the possibilities of a.

high tax rate on a low interest safe in-

vestment, and the allurements of a

speculative venture will find the farm

mortgage bond attractive, for capital





will seek safe investments which are-





easily convertible. Many well-meaning

men feared that this law would result

in widespread land speculation and in-

.flation of farm values. Coming at a.

period of advanced values the law in

point of time is opportune. The re

strictions placed upon the uses of the

loan makes it for purposes of produc-

tion or reproduction. Speculation aS<

s'ures a gain to be made without this

element. The returns of more farm

products is basic to other industries,

so any possibility of increased values

must project itself all the way along in

business circles. Basic wealth has by

its increase never inflated values of

itself alone. No nation has ever ex-

perienced a panic from the products of

,. the earth. Some ill-founded criticism

wins been made because no provision





 





was made for personal :credits. This" ' . ‘ '

bank, however, will release or allow





is a function fer local consideration

and service. The individual. his needs

and ability can only be known to som‘e-





money heretofore invested in mort-

gages to be used for personal loans.





thflmmmmllfltlmtlflmlllltimmmulfliifllllllltflmlimIii!MIMWWMMIIWMWWIHWHWIIIIHIIHlllllllllilllllllllIlllllllllllllillllll





What Wasps and Hornets Do for Us.

By L. H. COBB.





These high tempered little insects

command our respect to a certain ex-

tent, but they do not have the favor

they deserve in return for the service

they render us. All we choose to re-

member about them is their stings and

their willingness to use them on occa-

sion. We forget that. if we go about

our business they will go about theirs.

and their business is really our busi-

ness, for they are working for us in a

most effective manner. Many of our

most destructive insects are held in

check by them.





There are two claSses of wasps in

their manner of fighting our insect

pests. One class captures the insects

and their larva and stores them in

cells and lays eggs in the same cell.

When these eggs hatch the young lar-

va feed on the stored supply until they

are grown. The other class lays the

eggs directly on the body of the insect

or the larva of the same, and when

the eggs hatch the little worms, or lar-

va, feed on the living insect, causing

its death. In most cases both classes

will first. sting the insects or larva in

such a manner as to paralyze them.

These wasps are of varied sizes, and

they work on many different, insects.

The big brown Cicada, or locust, that

makes such a harsh noise in the fall

has its wasp enemy. There is one

wasp that works on the white grub and

its beetle form, the May beetle. Anoth-

er preys on the cabbage worm, anoth-

er on cockroaches, another on taran-

tulas, and numerous shade tree pests

have their wasp enemies. There is a

wasp, also, for the coddling moth.

Some wasps gather in the larva of

many insects. Probably spiders are a

favorite food for more of them than

otherwise, and in this case they are

not really doing us so much good, al.

though I would hate to think what

would happen if the spiders they de-

stroy were permitted to spin webs

across our pathways. Spiders serve a

good purpose, but they are extremely

disagreeable, and it is just as well if

they are held in check.



The hornets and wasps all belong to

the same family, and about the only

difference is in their manner of mak-





ing their homes. They feed their

young differently, the hornets prepar-

ing a food for the young larva in much

the same manner as bees, but using a.

pulp of vegetable matter and insects

instead of pollen and honey.



If you want to get an idea of the

number of insects an able bodied wasp

will get rid of in a season go to a mud

dauber's nest and count the spiders in

one cell, and reflect that that mud

dauber keeps busy. That supply of

spiders is stored there to feed one

young dauber until it is ready to come

out and begin work on its own hook.

It is in their larva state that all in-

sects feed heaviest, and for every wasp

you see, dozens of insects have died

to rear it, and it is preparing to kill

hundreds more to rear its young. Some

of these wasps increase very rapidly,

and only require a little over a month

from the egg to the full grown wasp

ready to lay. Others require a season

to complete the circle from the egg to

insect.





Nature has many provisions to help

us in our battle with insect pests, but

we are too apt to give them no atten‘

tion, and sometimes we wage war on

the very friends she has provided. We

destroy wasp nests, kill wasps, trap

moles and shrews, shoot the birds,

hunt the skunks, and in these ways

positively help to increase the number

'of pests that prey on our crops. Let

us study these things, and find out who

our insect, bird, and animal friends are

and protect their lives instead of seek-

ing to destroy them.





HINTS FOR FARM MOTORISTS.





 





A knowledge of the traffic regula—

tions in your nearest market town may

save accidents and embarrassing fines.

As the number of motor cars are in-

creasing in farming communities it be—

comes necessary for every driver to

obey the laws to insure his own safety

as well as to protect the lives of

others.



Two miles from our farm an expen-

sive touring car spent two days in a.

ditch twenty feet deep. It did not get

there because of careful driving and





mmnmnmmuuuttutmttmmlImItmmtIImumqutlummlImmitltmmtmmmmuutummtmtlIIIltmunmmummmmwtmtttttttmtututmmmmtmmmttmmummlumtmuttmnu

‘ ‘In Old





Mcxico’ ’





 





 





   





 





 





 





and brOke an axle and no one blamed

slow. sensible driving for that acci-

‘ dent. Probably the roads of this'state

are not modelled after the Indianapolis





speedway and it is too bad that many.





fools may have to die before finding

it out.



Heavily loaded milk wagons and hay

wagons deserve some consideration

from the motorist. Often the horses

cannot quickly pull their loads to the

side of the road to give passing room

and as farm products must be market-

ed, a little judgment on the part of

some drivers is doubtlessly appreciat-

ed by the farmers.





There is a state law requiring dim- "





more on automobile headlights and af-

ter stopping by the road in narrow

places on many occasions to wait for

the dimmers to act, I am inclined to

think that the law needs some rigid

enforcement in some communities.

Some drivers refuse to dim their lights

until nearly parallel with a passing

car and in that way serious accidents

may occur.



When passing another machine it is

no reflection on your efficiency as a

driver if you slow down and allow the

other car plenty of room. This is es-

pecially necessary at night when there

are deep ditches on each side of the

road and careless steering may result

fatally.



Steam cars and interurbans demand

a wholesome respect from the motors

ist. They travel many feet per second

and it is difficult to calculate how fast

they are coming so it pays to wait by

the track and only pass when the way

is safe.



A loud horn is an asset to a motorist

in an emergency such as warning chil-

dren who are playing in the road, but

it can be abused. Don't drive up be‘

hind horses and frighten them, or de-

light in producing shocks on your

neighbor’s nerves. A moderate pres-

sure on the horn will usually be effec«

tive and will not disgust the passing

driver.



Ingham Co. R. G. KmBY.

WHITE SISTER OF [THE PIONEER



PATH.





 





(Continued from page 226).

stock. “Good-even to you, Thomas

Fletcher. You have come to pay me

my just due?"



“That I cannot,” replied Tom, “but

I have come to explain my circum-

stances, and hope to renew the mort-

gage.”



“It is due,” said the older man cold-

ly. "You have not even kept the inter-

est paid. I make it my rule not to re-

new under such circumstances.”



“But; you do not understand; I am

working hard—no other settler has

near the ground ready for cultivation

that I have, but I have had naught to

sell. Let me have my team for the

next year; I shall trap through the

winter and pay all of the interest.

Then next summer I can raise wheat

enough to more than pay the principal,

but without the oxen I can do nothing."



It was a. strong plea, but the money-

lender shook his head. “The security

is not good. Already you owe me more

than the team is worth.”



“That is not so," denied Tom hotly.

“My Bob and Bright are the best pair

that ever put their heads to yoke. At:

a hundred dollars you are getting a

bargain."



“You must leave the cart, too. Good

ox teams may be had any day for sixty

dollars. "



"I assure you that you will not be

the loser if you accommodate me," said

Tom, swallowing his pride to make a

last plea. Through the open door he

saw the beautiful animals, the pride of

his pioneer domain.



“I have given my answer,” replied

Mr. Hamilton, in a slightly wearied

tone. “You may put the beasts in my

barn, and I will cancel the indenture. "



“You are a hard man," asserted Tom

bitterly.





 





5. - be ‘

"era. Another ul- ckidd oi! this road: «
.rg p.41: 5&3?

1,, was outside , ‘ with his

team. For the mement he had forgot-





ten White Sister, but when he saw her

feeding wisps of clover to the patient

animals, he was roused to greater an-

ger than before. It was monstrous to

have his team taken from him when he

needed it most—for her She depended

upon him so utterly. He could not fan-

cy leaving her with strangers in this

large town; and as for a father—it was

impossible.



“Have you asked—i" began the girl,

then stepped at sight of Tom’s trou-

bled face.



At that moment Mr. Hamilton, hav-

ing stopped to take the paper from his

safe, came out of the house. He had

not noticed Tom’s companion until

now, when she turned as she heard

him approaching. She faced him ac-

cusineg—what had he done to Tom?

At sight of her the man’s expression

became one of wonderment. His pale

face became even paler, and he ap-

proached close to the girl in a way

that awed and frightened her.



“Comfort?” he questioned rather

than exclaimed the name. Tom felt

the importance of his interest, and

watched the older man intently.



“Who is this girl; is she your wife ?”



“No,” replied Tom.



“Your mother—where is she?” the

man turned impatiently to the girl.



“I have no mother, she died when I

was very young.”



“Your father, then; what is his

name ?”



“I know not. I have lived with the

Indians since I can remember aughtf“



“What do you know of her?" Mr.

Hamilton once more appealed to Tom.



Tom, pitying the man’s evident dis-

composure, related briefly the circum-

stances of the girl’s introduction to the

Atkin' s and himself.



“But she has naught to identify her ?”



“Not that I am aware of, unless it be

her resemblance to her kin. But what

was the name you cried out, when first

you saw her? She thinks that once

she was called ‘Comfort.’ ”



“Is that true?" Mr. Hamilton asked

the girl.



Before answering she turned from

them for a moment, and took some

thing from the bosom of her dress.

When she turned toward them again,

she held out to the agitated man a tiny

buckskin bag.



“My Indian mother told me to keep

this hidden always until I came to

those of authority in Detroit. From

the interest you show, I believe you

know my people.”



But the man shrank from the bag

as though it contained some fearsome

thing. “If it is a locket—my Comfort

had no such thing. We were too poor.

You open it,” to Tom.



Tom untied the string, and drew out

a tightly rolled strip of linen. He held

the faded letters so that the trembling

man might read.



“Comfort Hamilton,” came in awed

tones. “How well I remember my wife

working that name upon tiny shifts.

Ah, but this is proof that you are my

daughter, though other proof than your

looks is scarce needed."



“How 'was she lost to you?” asked

Tom with sinking heart. To find her

the daughter of such a rich man seem-

ed to place her suddenly far away

from him.



“My wife and daughter were taken

prisoners at the massacre of French-

town, which occurred soon after the

battle. The Americans had surrender.

ed after having been promised protec-

tion by the British from the savages,

but the promise was not kept. We

were all taken prisoners to Canada,

and as soon as the British were gone

the Indians returned to kill, and burn

and torture the helpless women and

children.



“Owing to my wound I was unable

to keep up with the prisoners on the

march, and fell by the wayside. Many

in like case, were scalped by Indians,

but I managed to evade them, and hid

in the barn of a Frenchman. His fam-

ily was kind to me, and when I recov-





 





 





cred, they helped me to get to Detroit, 7 '





I learned that women prisoners were

brought there and offered for ransom,

so I remained in the town hoping that

my wife and child might be among

those so offered. |One man told me of

someone resembling my wife being

brought in by a band of Ojibwas, and

that kept me from utter despair.



“I went to work, day and night, and

as soon as I got a'few dollars together

I offered a reward, sending word to

bands known to have white prisoners.

As time went by, my hope grew faint-

er, but my affairs prospered. I increas-

ed the reward, and spent large sums

trying to get news of my loved ones,

never giving up hope, though no word

came. The first sum I offered was a

meager fifty dollars; today—~when you

entered my office in fact—-I had pre-

pared this sheet to spread broadcast

among the trappens before they go into

the wilds for their winter’s harvest.”

Ile handed the paper to Tom.



It was the offer of a thousand dol-

lars for information that would lead to

the finding of one Comfort Anne Ham-

ilton, wife of Joshua Hamilton, or their

daughter Comfort, now a young woman

of twenty years of age. Tom gazed at

the paper with awe. For the day and

place, the amount was stupendous.



“That sum,” said Mr. Hamilton im-

pressively, “I shall now be glad to pay

to you. I feel sure that this girl is my

own child. I am deeply grateful to

you for bringing her to me safely."



“Your gratitude I scarcely deserve,”

replied Tom proudly. “Aught that I

have done for her has been service

gladly rendered; and as for the reward,

that I cannot accept. It was accident

that brought you together, and not my

design.”



“But think—” began the older man.



“I shall think,” interrupted Tom

grimly, “but I shall not think myself a

cad, as I would if I took money for

simply being a gentleman.”



“At least let me restore your team.”



“I cannot take that either."



“You called me a hard man when I

was only dealing as one man of busi-

ness with another. Now I say that you

are hard—cruel hard—to deny me the

satisfaction of paying the reward

for which I have toiled so long.”



(To be continued).





A WISE CONCLUSION.





 





nv 111. P. EARL.



Sometimes I think I’d like to live

Where the city stores are tall,



Where they’s lots of boys an’ lots of





[10156,

An' electric lights an’ all,



Where they’ 5 alligators, elephants

An’ tigers in a Zoo



An’ a feller kin go to the picture Show;

An’ ride on street cars, too.





Where trains on bridges overhead

All run as fine as silk,

An’ they ain’t no churn fer a kid to

turn,

’Cause they ain’t no cows to milk,

An' they’s lots of water, most any«

where;

’Thout having to pump you know,

An’ where a grind-stone is a thing un-

known,

An ’they ain’t no garden to hoe.





An ’they's pavement an’ sidewalks ev’-

rywhere,

It certainly would be swell,

All the autos an’ trucks an’ things, but

—~Shucks,

I might get killed—can’t tell,

An’ nen they ain’t no chance at all

’Mong the stores an' pavement roads

Fer climbing trees, er bumble bees

Er turtles, snakes an’ toads,





Ner frogs, I’d get so lonesome

I guess I’d almost die

Not to hear “Bob-White” call ev’ry

night

From where the grass grows high,

So the more I think, the more I b’lieve

A farm’s the place, fer me,

Where they ain’t no germs, but they’s

fishin’ worms,

An’ a1 creek to swim in free.





Talents are absolutely nothing to a





man except he have the faculty of

work along with them.—-Lowell.



A man cannot speak but he judges

himself—Emerson.



If I had my way I would give the

same education to the child of the col-

her and to the child of the peer.—

Kingsley.





   





 





 

 

 





When you buywood-

work, buy satisfac-

tion, too. '





Make sure that your home suit!

your needs, by selecting a good

plan. Then use material that will

carry out the possibilities of that

plan.





Curtis Woodwork has beautified homo

Interiors for 50 years-safe assurance that

It will beautify yours.





Our Home-Books show ideal house

plans and how Curtis Woodwork look: in





' a 6 s the interior of a home. "Better Built

Homes” shows houses from macaw:

“Homelike Homes"—83.000 up; “Aline-

iive Bungalows"-—-the best types. State





on the coupon which one you want. Do





to your lumber dealer. too. for he can

“ The Permanent Furriturc for Your

D





 





 





Curtis design and explain to you about

Curtis Service.





THE CURTIS COMPANIES





Service Bureau





lhow you his catalog containing over! ‘

Ho'mo





boon 'indovc Window lento for-ch loll

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A! Home and





 





I Elsewf) ere





 





k





The Visiting Baby





ERE is a card from Mary saying

that she is coming to spend a

week with us,” said Lucy, as she

came back from the letter box. “Do

you suppose that means we will have

to put under lock and key everything

that we care anything about, or will

she have trained this baby to let

things alone? Jack was such a trial

when she brought him here for a visit

that it doesn’t seem as if I could stand

it to have to go through with another

one.

“Do you remember how he tore the





, covers off all the magazines, tied the





curtains into'knots, and broke that lit-

tle crystal vase of mine? And these

are only samples. I had to be on the

watch every minute to see that he

didn’t tip the plants over or find a

hammer and pound the furniture to

pieces. And Mary wasn’t bothered for

She could sit and

sew, talk, or read, and not get the least

bit disturbed. Jack must do just as he

pleased and we ought to be delighted

to let him do it, she seemed to think.

I wonder if she ever thought that we

might not care to have the house upset

every minute? It wasn’t that Jack was

naturally any more mischievous than

any other child, but simply that she

didn’t take the pains to direct him any.

It really does not seem as if I could

undergo such an ordeal again.”



Here Lucy sat down to catch her

breath and also to think upon the com-

ing visitors and their probable behav-

ior. “Now, when Harriet came to visit

us and brought little Florence along, it

Was a different matter entirely. I don’t

think I should have minded if they had

stayed a month,” she said, after a few

“That child certainly was a

joy to all of us. She was happy all

day long and wasn’t a nuisance either.

Her mother said she made up her mind

when she was a girl that if she was

ever blessed with children her friends

and neighbors should not feel that they

were a nuisance if she could help it.

So she began as soon as Florence was

,old enough to want things, to let her

understand that she couldn’t have ev-

erything she wanted. When Florence

began to creep and reach for things,

Harriet didn’t lock everything up, but

gave her things to play with and kept

her so busy that she didn’t have time

to get into mischief. And now she

says that when she is going away for a

little visit as she did last week, she

puts into her grip some favorite toys

and picture books, so that t e child

can amuse herself and not bexa pest.

Her plan certainly works well, too.”



Naturally my sympathies went out

to Lucy, for I had had similar experi-

ences and no doubt you, too, have been

visited by children of both types. We

don’t like to tell prospective guests

that we would rather they would post-

pone their visits until they could come

without the children, but often we wish

we could do so. Why should children

be allowed to be such nuisances? Sure-

ly a mother knows her hostess doesn’t

really enjoy having her house torn to

pieces by a spoiled child. Children

have to have something to do or they





.gwin get into mischief; the bright child

., ,‘is‘, always investigating the new and

[estrange If he had no such tendencies

"fiiwe‘owuld fear that he was not of nor-





. But it doesn’t take

muchtvtime or trouble to put into your





$111) a picture book, favorite doll, or





{r





3g





 





V)





 





some new toy with which to amuse the

child, and, if you should forget to do

so, watch him yourself: don’t put his

care onto your hostess.



The child who is constantly asking

questions is another problem. If the

child wants to understand, he must

ask questions for we elders don’t real-

ize how easy it is for the child to mis-

understand that which is perfectly ob-

vious. Don’t be unwilling to answer

questions, but even little children can

be taught not to interrupt the conver-

sation of older people. Children have

their rights as much as “grown-ups”

do, but it does seem sometimes, in

these days, that mothers forget that

children have a. right to be taught self-

control. We hear so much about de-

veloping the individuality of the child

that we lose sight of the fact that he

must grow up to‘ be a citizen of the

world, with due regard for the rights

and liberties of other citizens. We are

so afraid that we will spoil his good

time that we do not realize the injus-

tice we are doing him and the commu*

nity by not teaching him at home this

most important fact. It must be learn-

ed some time and, if the mother is

wise, it can be learned at home much

easier and with less bitterness than

any other place. C. R. H.





CAN FRUIT WITHOUT SUGAR.





 





Fruit for use in pies or salads or as

stewed fruit can be put up or canned

without the use of any sugar at all, ac-

cording to the canning specialists of

the department. They, therefore, ad-

vise those who, because of the high

price of sugar, have been thinking of

reducing the amount of fruit they put

up, to can as much .of their surplus as

possible by the use of boiling water

when sugar syrup is beyond their

means. Any fruit, they say, may be

successfully sterilized and retained in

the pack by simply adding boiling wa-

ter instead of the hot syrup. The use

of sugar, of course, is desirable in the

canning of all kinds of fruits and

makes a better and ready sweetened

product. Moreover, most of the fruits

when canned in water alone do not re-

tain their natural flavor, texture, and

color as well as fruit put up in syrup.

Fruit canned without sugar to be used

for sauces or desserts must be sweet-

ened.



Canning Fruits without Syrup.



Can the product the same day it is

picked. Cull, stem, or seed, and clean

the fruit by placing it in a strainer and

pouring water over it until it is clean.

Pack the product thoroughly in glass

jars or tin cans until they are full; use

the handle of a tablespoon, wooden

ladle, or table knife for packing pur-

poses. Pour over the fruit boiling wa-

ter from a kettle, place rubbers and

caps in position, partially seal if using

glass jars, seal completely if using tin

cans. Place the containers in a ster-

ilizing vat, such as a wash boiler with

false bottom, or other receptable im-

provised for the purpose. If using a

hot~water bath'outfit, process for 30

minutes; count time after the water

has reached the boiling point; the wa-

ter must cover the highest jar in con-

tainer. After sterilizing remove packs,





‘seal glass jars, wrap in paper to pre-





vent bleaching, and store in a dry, cool

place. , .

If you- are canning‘in' tin cans it will”





— ..\





 





improve the product to plunge the cans

quickly into cold water immedately af-

ter sterilization. When using a steam

pressure canner instead of the hot-wa-

ter bath, sterilize for ten minutes with

five pounds of steam pressure. Never

allow the pressure to go over ten

pounds.





MEAT SUBSTITUTES.





 





Meat furnishes protein which is an

important muscle builder and source

of energy, but it has two objectiOns.

(1) it costs more and more each year,

and (2) it is very likely to putrefy in

the process of digestion and ferm ob-

jectionable acids and other products

which are injurious to the health. Mus-

cle—building foods of other kinds can

be substituted for that furnished by

meat if we will use eggs, nuts, peas,

beans and similar things instead of

meat for one or two of the daily meals.

Fish is not a good substitute for meat

from this standpoint. as it has the same

kind of protein which forms objection-

able acids.



The extent to which other foods can





be substituted for meat depends in‘

”part upon the character of the work





being done. Less meat and a greater

proportion of meat substitutes should

be used by those who work indoors

than by those who are in the open air

most of the time, but even those who

are working hard in the open air often

get along well with little meat after

theyihave been accustomed to the sub-

stitutes if the better half has learned

to prepare them in an appetizing way.



Pecan Nut Loaf.—-—Mix together one

cup of bread crumbs, one cup pecans,

one cup'of milk, one cup of boiled rice,

two eggs, two tablespoons of butter;

season with salt and paprika and bake

in a buttered dish. Serve with a cream

sauce.



Omelette.-——Beat yolks and whites

of four eggs separately. Add to the

yolks a thick cream sauce made of one

cup of milk, three tablespoons of flour,

two tablespoons of butter, pepper and

salt. Fold in the stiffly beaten whites

and cook in a buttered frying pan.

Om‘elettes may be cooked on top of the

stove or in the oven. Small pieces of

ham, bacon or green pepper added to

an omelette give an excellent flavor.

Cheese is used extensively in ome-

lettes. It should be melted in the

cream sauce and then added to the

yolks.



Macaroni and Cheese—Break one

cup of macaroni into uniform pieces.

Drop into boiling water and cook until

tender. Drain and rinse in cold water.

Place in a buttered baking dish. Make

a cream sauce, using two tablespoons

of flour, two tablespoons of ’butter, one

cup of milk, salt and pepper. Melt one

cup of grated cheese in the cream

sauce and pour it over the macaroni.

Sprinkle with bread crumbs and bake.





HUMAN DIET LACKS MINERAL '

NUTRIENTS.-





 





Dr. E. B. Forbes, of the Ohio Experi-

ment Station, is authority for the state-

ment that many American diets today

consist too largely of meats and cereal

foods which lack the outer seed coats.

Such diets are deficient in minerals.

Those most commonly lacking are cal-

cium, phosphorous and iron.



Calcium is abundant in milk, eggs,

vegetables and fruits. Phosphorous is

tound .in large, amounts in. milk.“ "eggs;

huts, pe‘aaibeans and cereal foods cons





   





- cleaver.





 





_.





taining the outer seed coats. Iron is

contained in abundance in beef, eggs,

prunes”, beans, peas, and green vegeta-

bles (especially spinach). Foods poor

in minerals are polished rice, pearl

hominy, white fiour,~bolted corn meal,

and other cereal foods lacking the out-

er seed coats. Such foods are likely

to be constipating. More liberal use

should be made of milk and vegeta-

bles, especially forchildren.



In artificial feeding of infants, Dr.

Forbes says whey should be used in-

stead of water for diluting cow’s milk,

because whey does not reduce the min-

eral content. Whey can be prepared

from skim-milk by the use of rennet,

or from whey powder, which is simply

evaporated whey. If whey is made

with rennet it must be heated to 154

degrees F. beforeimixing with milk.

Sodium citrate (one grain per ounce

of milk), prepares the casein for diges-

tion and furnishes an alkali element

needed by infants lacking capacity to

digest fat. Whey is especially valuable

in cases of fever in children beyond

the age of infancy. It can be used

with egg white or orange juice.





CANNED soups.’





 





‘ A supply ’of canned soups is fre-

quently of great 'convenience to the

housewife, as such soup may be pre-

pared ready for serving at almost a

moment’s notice. Many economical

and palatable soups may be put up in

the summer and early fall, and in this

way the odds and ends of vegetables

and cereals may be utilized as well as

meat scraps, bones, and ligaments that

are often wasted.



The following recipes, in which the

soup stock is made from beef, are pre-

pared for the use of home canning

clubs, and the products are intended

for home consumption. When these

products are intended to be sold, those

undertaking this work are cautioned to

inform themselves as to the require-

ments of state and federal food laws

and meat-inspectiOn regulations.



Soup Stock—Secure 25 pounds of

beef hocks, joints, and bones contain-

ing marrow. Strip off the fat and meat

and crack the bones with a hatchet or

Put the broken bones in a

thin cloth sack and place them in a

large. kettle containing five gallons of





cold water. Simmer (do not boil), for

six or seven hours. Do not salt while

simmering. Skim off all fat. This





should make about five gallons of

stock. Pack hot in glass jars, bottles.

or enamel or lacquered tin cans. Par-

tially seal glass jars. (Cap and tip

tin cans). Sterilize 40 minutes if us-

ing a hot-water bath outfit; 30 minutes

if using a water-seal or five-pound

steam-pressure outfit; 25 minutes if us-

ing a pressure-cooker outfit.



Vegetable Soup—Soak one-fourth of

a pound of lima beans and one pound

of rice for 12 hours. Cook one-half

pound of pearl barley for two hours.

Blanch one pound carrots, one pound

of onions, one medium-sized potator

and one red pepper for three minutes

and cold dip. Prepare the vegetables

and cut into small cubes. Mix thor-

oughly lima beans, rice, barley, car-

rots, onions, potato, red pepper. Fill

glass jars or the enameled tin cans

three-fourths full of the above mixture .

of vegetables and cereals. Make a .

smooth paste of «one-half pound of

wheat flour and blend in five galleria of .

soup stock. Beil three minutes and ,-

add four ounces of salt. i.,Peu‘rethis—.





i
tin cans).

inglmt-water bath outfit; 75 minutes

if using a Water-seal Or five-pound

steam-pressure outfit; 45 minutes if

using a pressure-Cooker outfit.





Cream of Pea Soup—Soak eight

pOunds of dry peas over night. Cook

until soft. Mash fine. Add the mash-

ed peas to five and a half gallons of

soup stock and bring to boil. Pass the

boiling liquid through a fine sieve.

Make a smooth paste of one-half pound

of flour and add paste, 10 ounces of

sugar, and three ounces of salt to the

soup stock. Cook until soup begins to

thicken. Pack in glass jars or tin

cans. Partially seal glass jars. (Cap

and tip tin cans). Process 90 minutes

if using a hot-water bath outfit; 80 min-

utes if using a water—seal outfit; 70

minutes if using a five-pound steam-

pressure outfit; 45 minutes if using a

pressure-cooker outfit.





Cream of Potato Soup—Boil one

and one-half pounds of potatoes, sliced

thin, and five gallons of soup stock for

ten minutes. Add three ounces of salt,

one-fourth teaspoonful of pepper, and

one-half pound of butter, and boil slow-

ly for five minutes. Make three table-

spoonfuls of flour into smooth paste

and add to the above. Cook three min-

utes and pack in glass jars or tin cans

while hot. Partially seal glass jars.

(Cap and tip tin cans). Sterilize 90

minutes if using a hot-water bath out-

fit; 75 minutes if using a water-seal

outfit; 65 minutes if uSing a bve-pound

steam-pressure outfit; 45 minutes if us-

ing a pressure-cooker outfit.



Bean Soup.——Soak three pounds of

beans 12 hours in cold water. Cut two

pounds of ham meat into quarter-inch

cubes and place in a small sack. Place

the beans, ham, and four gallons of

water in a kettle and boil slowly until

the beans are very soft. Remove the

ham and beans from the liquor and

mash the beans fine. Return the ham

and mashed beans to the liquor and

add five gallons of soup stock and

seasoning, and bring to a boil. Fill

into glass jars and tin cans while hot.

Partially seal glass jars. (Cap and tip

tin cans). Process two hours if using

a hot-water bath outfit; 90 minutes if

using a water-seal outfit; 75 minutes

if using a five-pound steam-pressure

outfit; 60 minutes if using a pressure-

cooker outfit.





HONEY‘BREADS.





 





Brown Bread—Mix one-half cup of

honey and one and a half cups of} sour

milk or buttermilk, add three cups of

graham flour and one teaspoon of soda.

Beat well and turn into a well greased

pan and bake in a moderate oven. Nuts

and raisins may be added if desired.





Soft Gingerbread—Cream one-half

cup of butter, add gradually one-half

cup of sugar and beat until it is very

creamy; then add one cup of extracted

honey, and two teaspoons of soda dis-

solved in one cup of boiling water. Mix

and sift one teaspoon each of cloves,

ginger, cinnamon, and two and one-half

cups of flour; combine with first mix—

ture, then add two well‘beaten eggs.

Pour into shallow pans and bake in a

moderate oven.





Honey Mullins—Sift together four

times, two teaspoons of baking-pow-

der, one-half teaspoon of salt, and 'two

cups of flour; add the yolks of two

eggs well-beaten and one and one-

fourth cups of cream. Beat well, then

fold in lightly the stiffly beaten whites

of two eggs. Bake in well-greased muf-

fin pans and serve hot with butter.





A sharp-pointed stick, a Wooden

skewer or orange stick~ will do nicely,

will be found convenient during the

cherry season. Puncture the end of

the fruit opposite the stem end and

press gently. Pits will be dislodged

easily with little loss of juice and'the

meat of the cherry will not baton to





 





Sterilize 90'minutes if us— . ‘r





 

 

 

 





 





1454231.}, .. .





COFFE " From lMPOR'l‘ER-

To CONSUMER '

Regular 35c. Coffee at wholesale price (26¢ a lb.)

parcel post prepaid. We will send 5 lbs. of our Col-

ombian Blend Coffee for three days ' trial. You may





try 1.2 lb. and return balance at our expense if not

entirely satisfactory.0 then-Wise remit 81.3) for “105 lbs.





COLOMBIA" COFFEE IMPOBTIIG COMPANY.

inept. 501. 417 Sn. Dearbors St. Chicago, m.





WEAR YOUR OWN W001.





Have it made up by the only complete custom and not!

order woolen mill in mlchlgan. Write for today.

REED CITY WOOLEN MI

City. Osceol- Oo. Itch.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 





 





Consider These Facts





Good Light today is a necessity in every modern

country home—an economy, not an expense. '





Good Light saves time and labor in house and barns.





Good Light means increased comfort, safety and hap-

piness for every one in the family, every night—365 times

each year.





Good Light for the farm home, is best suppliedby

the up-to-date





Pilot-Carbide-Outdoor

Lighting and Cooking Plants





 

 





 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





s. '





 

 





«s --x



$019M“ a



r‘d’fafi'zé'i’?



infill? 'A‘i



JSTANDARD

x~ ,, _





v

4-H PAY$

BEST FORTHE RB‘DBR





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





This wonderful plant has totally changed the old THEREFORE

fashioned methods of house and ham lighting and cooking BEST FOR THE ADVERTISER

in the country home. Michigan Farmer,





Detroit, Mich.

(Rate 400 per line.) Guaranteed Rate Per





Circulation Agate Lina

Ohio Farmer

Cleveland. 61.1., 270,000 81.17

(Rate 00c per line )





PM IISYWIINI Farmer





Phil-Isiah“. PI.

Rate 300 per line.)





Hundreds of thousands of up-to-date farmers—men

like yourself—in all parts of the country—have equipped

their homes with this permanent improvement. Some are

friends and neighbors of yours. Their families are now

enjoying this comfort, safety and convenience, without

which your home would never be complete.





Send for our illustrated catalogs and descriptive





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





3 booklets telling all about the Pilot and the service it pro- . Indiana Farmer, 57,101 .25

. J vides. Get these good light facts today. Just address ’ Indium-polls. Ind.

A. R. GRAHAM s pervi "°‘"“"°

‘ - Farmer 174,121 .80

. 9 u 301' Birmingham—Raleigh

‘ ‘* ' 810 Mason St, FLINT, MICH. Dulles—Memphis.

. - Breeder's Gazelle, 90,000 .60

GhlcegoJll.

Prairie Farmer 100,000 .60

chlcsdo.

Board's Dalrymsn. 67,820 .40

n. Atkinson, wn.

Wisconsin Agri-

culturlst, 63, 454 . 30

Racine, Wis.

The Farmer, 140,855 .60

St. Paul, Minn.

The Farmer’s Wile 750,000 3.00

St Paul. Minn.

Wallace's Farmer. 80,000 .40

. ,,,,, D“ loin“. ll.

Kansas Farmer. 61,253 .30

Topeka. Kan.

Pacific Rural Press 22,000 .16





 





San Francisco. Gel.





 





 





1,876,604 ‘8 48





These publications are conceded to be the

authoritative farm papers of their individual

fields. .For further information address

GEORGE W. HERBERT. Ilse.

Western Representative. Advertising Bld¢..

v, , CHICAGO. ILL.



. :{vlnjg -‘ .. ‘ WALLACE c. RICHARDSON. Inc.



- "my" . ~ g . ’ ‘ ‘ _ Eastern Representative. 381 Fourth Ave.



‘ ‘ ‘ " ‘ NEW YORK CITY.





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





What Every Woman

Should Know





Domestic Science is another name for kitchen

efficiency.



Domestic Science means Home Economy.

Domestic Science means better health for the

entire family.



Household expenses are less, and living more en-

joyable in the home where the wife knows prac-

tical Domestic Science.





Every Woman





is welcome to enroll in our Domestic Science and Home Economics De-

partment.



All questions pertaining to Cookery, Canning, Preserving, Jelly Making,

Problems of Diet and Home Economics will be promptly and accurately

answered absolutely free 93 charge. '





Address all correspondence to





Domestic Science Department,

N alley City Milling Company,

‘ Grand Rapids, Mich.





 





pierces—M. P. W.
arm





HE cost of marketing grains

should be reduced through the

- standardization of these pro-

ducts. For this reason the act recently

passed by Congress which provides for

the standardizing of grain shipped in

interstate or foreign commerce should

have the careful attention of all pro-

ducers of cereal crops.





The act authorizes the Secretary of

Agriculture to investigate the hand-

ling and grading of grain and to estab-

lish, as soon as may be, standards for

corn, wheat, rye, oats, barley, fiaxseed

and other grains. Not less than 90

days’ public notice must be given in

advance of the date on which any such

standard becomes effective.





Whenever such standards are estab-

lished for any grain, the act forbids

the shipment or delivery for shipment,

in interstate or foreign commerce orig-

inating in the United States, of any

such grain which is sold, offered for

sale, or consigned for sale by grade,

unless ityis inspected and graded by a

licensed inspector, either at the place

of shipment, at a point in transit, or at

the destination. In case no licensed in-

spector is located either at the point of

shipment or at the point of destination,

the grain may be shipped without in-

spection, in which event either party

to the transaction may refer any dis-

pute as to the grade to the Secretary

of Agriculture.



When grain shipped or delivered for

shipment. in interstate or foreign com-

merce is required to be inspected and

graded by a licensed inspector, it is

made unlawful for any person to rep-

resent that it is of a grade other than

that stated in a certificate issued in

compliance with the act.



Shipment by Sample Permitted.



The act permits the shipment in in-

terstate or foreign commerce of grain

sold by sample or by type, or under

any description which is not false and

misleading and does not include any of

the terms of the official grain stan-

dards.



The Secretary of Agriculture is au—

thorized to examine grain that has

been certified to conform to any grade

of the oflicial grain standards, or that

has been shipped in interstate or for-

eign commerce. If, after an opportu-

nity for hearing has been given to the

interested parties it‘ is determined

that any such grain has been incor—

rectly certified or has been sold under

a name, description? or designation

which is false or misleading, he may

publish his findings.



Right of Appeal.



When grain shipped in interstate or

foreign commerce has been inspected

as required byvthe act, any interested

party may, either with or without rein-

spection, appeal the question of its

grade to the Secretary of Agriculture.

The Secretary of Agriculture is author-

ized to determine the true grade of the

grain, and his findings are made prima

facie evidence of that fact in suits be-

tween the parties in federal courts.

Reasonable fees may be charged for

hearing disputes and appeals. When

appeals are sustained, such fees are to

be refunded. Every person employed

to inspect and grade grain for ship-

ment in interstate or foreign commerce

is prohibited from certifying the grain

according to the official grain stan-

dards, unless he holds an unsuspended

1 and unrevoked license issued by the

. Secretary of Agriculture.



> Licensing Inspectors.

Any person who presents satisfac-

tory evidence of competency may be

licensed as an inSpector under the act.

, ‘In states which have, or may hereafter,

”have state grain inspection depart-





Ellllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|Illll|IlIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIllllllllllHllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllIllIlllIIlyllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllIlIllllllllllllllllllllllllll ,. J





Standardizing Farm Grain





ments, the Secretary of Agriculture is

required to issue licenses to persons

authorized and employed to inspect

and grade grain under the laws of such

states. Licensed inspectors and per-

sons employed by the Secretary of Ag-

riculture for carrying out the provis-

ions of the act are prohibited from hav-

ing any interest in any grain elevator

or warehouse, or in the merchandising

of grain, or from being employed by

any person owning or operating any

grain elevator or warehouse. Licensed

inspectors are required to keep rec-

ords of all grain inspected by them

and to make detailed reports to the

Secretary of Agriculture. The licensed

of any inspector found to be incompe-

tent, or to have issued any false cer-

tificate of grade, or otherwise to have

violated any provision of the act, may





be suspended or revoked by the Secre-.





tary of Agriculture.

‘ Penalties.



Any licensed inspector who knowing-

ly inspects or grades improperly grain

shipped in interstate or foreign com-

merce, or knowingly gives any false

certificate of grade, or accepts a bribe





 





 





staple crop products will be v'ery great

thrOugh the finanCial incentive afford-

ed the farmer .to improve the quality

of his product by the careful selection

of varieties, skillful culture, and ade-

quate and effective methods of harvest-

ing, handling, and protecting it while

in his hands.”





FARMERS’ CO-OPERATIVE VBUSI:

NESS ENTERPRISES.





 





“When the local dealers were asking

$12 a bushel for clover seed, we sold

it to the farmers for $9.50, and then

cleared a profit of $1 on each bushel,”

said Stephen Everson, president of one

of the numerous northwestern grain

elevators. “We bought binder twine at

the state prison and sold it to the

farmers at a reduced price, and gave

work to the convicts.” The co-opera‘

tive spirit is bearing fruit in this sec-

tion of the country.



Just over the state line, in St. Croix

county, Wis., the farmers have recent-

ly organized a co-operative wool house,

in addition to several successful com-

munity plans. While wool was brings

ing 201/2 cents on the Open market, the

organization sold it at 24 cents. At

some points where the farmers were

not working together, as low as 18

cents was offered and paid.



There is only one privately owned





 





 





Clean Land Reduces





Cost of Productio n.





 





for neglect or improper performance of

duty, may also be punished by fine or

imprisonment or both.



Similar punishment may be imposed

upon other persons who violate certain

portions of the act, particularly those

with reference to the inspection by 1i-

censed inspectors of grain shipped‘ in

interstate or foreign commerce.



An appropriation of $250,000 is made

for the enforcement of the act.



The necessary rules and regulations

will be prepared and published at the

earliest possible date, in order that per-

sons interested may have an opportu-

nity to become familiar with them be-

fore any of the standards become ef-

fective.





Objects Sought in the Act.





The benefits which the act seeks to

confer are described in the language

used in the annual report of 1914 of

the Secretary of Agriculture with par-

ticular reference to the establishment

of standards for corn:



“ it * * Grades for that grain

* * * if generally adopted and uni-

formly applied throughout the country,

will simplify the relations between pro-

ducers, dealers, and Consumers. Under

these grades, fairly used, the grower

or shipper of a superior quality of

grain will be in a position to demand

from the buyer the fair 'value to which

the quality of his product entitles him.





.On the other hand, the producer of a





 





creamery and one cheese factory in

this county. One-half of the grain ele-

vators are owned by the farmers, and

have a great influence over prices paid

by independent companies. The farm

business is carried on through local

and county societies, the cream-

eries and cheese factories having been

organized and taken over, as well as

the elevators. The Baldwin Farmers’

Creamery Company, owned by the

county society, is second largest in the

world, doing an annual business of ap-

proximately $260,000.





Hudson is the county seat, and here

is located the new packing house. The

co-operative plant at La Crosse, Wis,

was formerly selling bacon to the

butchers here for 19 cents, for which

the Hudson farmers later paid 30 cents.

For this reason the packing plant was

built. Many of the farmers take their

meat to the packing house for butcher-

ing, and buy it as cheaply already

dressed as they could perform the

work themselves. The product is also

uniform so that it can be sold to the

larger markets. .



The county organizatior? is upon a

business basis. No one controls the

management; the farmer holding a sin-

gle share has as much voice as the one

with ten shares. An initiation fee of,

$2 is charged to join the social society,

and the dues are $2 per year. Social

affairs include lecture courses, exhibi-





 





‘" newfif ~

New Yerk.





 





THE MARKETING PROBLEM. '





 





The city retail market at Ludington.

after. a few days’ trial, has been closed.

The city market at Jackson, with its

new buildings and stalls, is’not prov-

ing a great success. Other places have,

tried it out and failed. It is a big

problem that the United States, the

states, many organizations and individ-

uals are struggling to solve.



Meantime the food problem in cities

is growing more acute all the time and

city consumers are suffering as _much

or even more, than are the producers,

through a faulty and expensive mar-

keting system. Some day the big city

must help to feed its people by open-

ing free terminal depots for all farm

supplies, making the road from farm

to table short.



Why would not something of this

sort work out: Let the farmers of a

community—not too large—get togeth-

er.. Let this association open a cen-

tral depot in the nearest city, placing

in charge a specialist, a successful

commission man perhaps, one skilled

in grading, packing and shipping, and

posted on local and outside prices.



This depot ought to handle almost

everything that grows on the farm and

be open every business day of the

year. It is true that farm stuff is mis-

cellaneous and farmers raise a dab of

this and a dab of that. Possibly it

would take a genius to assemble and

handle this stuff satisfactorily but with

the swift growth of cities there ought

to be a quick market for everything

that is grown, with gluts rare.



Trade seems to be growing more 10-

calized, with each section supplying its

own people and fewer long and over-

lapping and expensive shipments. One

sees this among the greenhouse peo-

ple here. Formerly Grand Rapids sent

large quantities of lettuce and other

stuff to Cincinnati and elsewhere, but

now these sections are raising their

own stuff largely and Grand Rapids

must find new markets in the smaller

towns near home.



The marketing problem has not and

perhaps never will be fully solved. It

may be one of the teasing things, like





poverty, that is always with us to pro-—





voke us to effort and keep our mus-

cles supple. ,

Kent Co. ' ALMOND GRIFFEN.





‘CO-OPERATION IN MICHIGAN.





 





The recently organized Millburg

Fruit Growers’ Association has been

brought into existence for the express

purpose of marketing the 1916 peach

crop in the northern part of 'Berrien

county. The association already has a

membership of fifty, and among the

fifty are some of the best fruit men in

the section. The motto of the organi-

zation is “Better Fruit for Better Mon-

ey, and a Square Deal for All.” The

peaches of the members will be deliv-

ered at a central packing house where

the fruit will be graded and packed in

a manner that will be above question.





The Ludington Milk Dealers’ Asso-

ciation has been formed under the

leadership of the Mason County Agri-

cultural Agent. The membership of

the organization includes all the men

producing milk for city use. The ob-

ject of the association is to standardize

the product and to get the milk dis-

tributing business on a basis that will

yield satisfaction to all concerned. The

president of the organization is C. A.

Adams, and secretary, Frank Urban.





Shares of stock are being sold by

the Tri-State Co—operative Association,

located at Montgomery in Hillsdale

county, to secure the funds with which

to erect a creamery. The Tri-State was

organized nearly two years ago for

the purpose of marketing the live

stock of the farmers in the Montgom-

ery-section. Last year it did business

to the amount of $120,000 and the bus-

iness was so well done and at such' a

small expense that a policy of expan-

sion is being adopted. Farm supplies

are being bought in quantity at a-«great

saving. Among the commodities that





have ‘been handled are’feed, salt. fer: ‘

. tilizer, fence _osts, seeds, coal, binder

tions , fairs, prize contests for old and twine, etc. :T caissociation o'wns»)and





 





 

 

   

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





m ‘ My. ,. ‘

' - “ ‘. muss:





—. armi-
: “(Tent .





 





 





 

 





 





 





hich ' I ., ,, nf‘ .‘

vahled at $1,000. * This property is free





My? p , . .





4". “..‘hl..,,_. .,.





and with b13611!” some is





 





from debt. 'It is now planned to erect

a creamery by the side of .the ware





house and tak‘e‘up the manufacture of»





butter. Already better than a thousand

dollars has been subscribed toward

the enterprise and over a thousand

cows have been pledged. .



The managers of four of the fruit

exchanges in the southwestern Mlchl-

gan section met at Hartford the other

day and adopted grading rules for

peaches for the current season. There

are to be but two grades, namely those

ranging in size from one and three-

fourths to two and one-fourth inches in

diameter and those larger than two

and one-fourth inches. The managers

also decided to spend a little money

advertising their high-grade peaches.



The Mason County Fruit & Produce

Exchange, with headquarters at.Lud-

ington, is considering setting as1de a

penny a bushel on peaches sold as an

advertising fund to use in the future in

extending the fame of the Mason coun-

ty product.



The Wolverine Co-operative Nursery

00., which is one of the big carlot fruit

shippers of the state, is completing

the details for putting certified grapes

on the market next month. The speci-

fications for this grade of grapes are

as follows: “Fancy Table: Grapes that

the mature, sound, clean, of ripe col-

or, practically free from rot, mildew,

mold, diseases and insects, true to

name for variety indicated, medium to

large berries, bunches well formed and

compact. Packages of legal size and

full weight.” Certificates will be is-

sued for each carload of this top-notch

fruit.”





Ingham Co. R. H. ELSW-ORTH.





 





WITH THE MICHIGAN FRUIT

GROWERS.





 





The four co-operative exchanges of

Van Buren county fruit growers and

farmers, located at South Haven, Ban.

gor, Covert and Hartford, were repre-

sented at a recent meeting held at the

packing house of the Hartford ex-

change ,and the presidents of the four

associations were appointed as a com-

mittee to form plans for an extensive

advertising campaign to push the sale

of Van Buren county fruit. The ex-

pense of this publicity will be borne

equally by the associations and

through co-operating advertising it is

expected that the demand for the su-

perior fruit of that section, especially

peaches and apples, will be greatly

stimulated. This advertising campaign

will probably open the way for 3. fed-

eration of the county associations, with

a central agency for packing and mar-

keting the crop. .



Peaches are beginning to move in

the Hartford district and the yield this

year is estimated at 60 per cent of nor-I

mal. There is a fair showing of the

early varieties and the Elbertas may

do a little better hall 60 per cent.

Duchess apples have brought an aver-

age of around $4 a barrel. There are

34 local growers in the Hartford ex-

change.



A number of the apple growers in

the Bangor territory have sold their

fruit to Chicago houses at prices

around $2.40 per, barrel for winter va-

rieties. Some orchards of choice varie-

ties brought a little more money and

some growers are holding for $2.75.

Some pears have been contracted for

at $1 to $1.40 per bushel and peaches

at 90 cents to $1.



The grape crop in the Lawton dis‘

trict is estimated at 1,200 cars, against

over 3,000 cars some years. Prospects

indicate higher prices and it is predict-

ed that wine grapes will bring as hugh

as $35 per ton f. o. b. Michigan. The

quality of the fruit is excellent.



The Summit Growers’ and Shippers’

Association of Mason county expects

to ship 25,000 bushels of peaches from

the Ludington warehouse this season

and market prospects are excellent.

Oscar Hawley will have charge of the

grading and packing and the high stan-

dard of Blue Brand peaches will be

maintained. The flavor of Mason coun-

ty peaches is fine this year.



Cherry shipments from Traverse

City alone will probably reach at least

225 solid cars, which hangs up a new

record there. In 1913 240 cars were

shippedxfrom that region, but the fig-

ures included shipments from Frank-

fort and other points. And the grow-

ers are getting more money for their

cherries than they did in 1913. More

of the fruit is being used at home by

the canneries so that the total yield is



safely ahead of any previous year.





HAVE YOU A PARCEL .POST MAR-

KET?





 





Many small farmers are finding the

parcel post route a good marketing av«

enue for their surplus eggs, butter,





 





tgafi antleris anxiousto help any of

its subscribers in this direction. Should

you desire to undertake marketing by

parcel post in the city of Detroit and -

have no customers, send us your name i

and address stating products you have .

for sale, and we will see that the infor-

mation is put before well-to-do families ,

with the request that they write to you !

about prices, arrangements for ship- {

ping, etc. This service is free‘to both l

our new and old subscribers. Address l

your communication to the Farm Com« ;





 





lllllmlllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllHillIll“llll|I|Ill"llIllllllllllilllllllllllll“|ill"llI"lllllllllllllllllllllllllll !

Crop and Market Notes. 1





Michigan. !

Eaton 00., Aug. 31,—The hot dry

weather still prevails. Grain thresh-

ing is about two-thirds done and wheat

is yielding around 20 bushels per acre

and cats 40 bushels. The bean situa-;

tion it is estimated will yield from two

to six bushels per acre. The high price

being offered will overcome much of

this handicap. There will not be

enough potatoes raised here for local

use. Sugar beets are poor on account

of dry weather at the crucial time in

theirgrowth. Corn is looking fair.

There is no fruit to speak of. Wheat

$1.45; rye $1.12; oats 42c; beans $5;

potatoes $1.25; hay $10@12; eggs 22c;

butter 24c.





Lapeer 00., Aug. 28.——We had a large

yield of hay that was secured in first-

class condition. Threshing is in pro-

gress and wheat yields range up to 25

bushels per acre. The condition of

corn varies, some fields are excellent

while others will mature little corn.

The outlook for potatoes is not very

encouraging, but few fields estimated

up to 100 bushels. There is only occa-

sionally a good field of beans. Sugar

beets are a fair crop. Rain has been

scarce here since June 26. Pastures

have dried up and farmers are feeding

their stock. Fruit prospects are fair.

Milk 50 per quart; butter-fat 30c; eggs

23c; butter 260; potatoes $1.50;



Saginaw 00., Aug. 28.-—Hay was a

fair crop in this locality, yielding

around one ton per acre for timothy

with clover and alfalfa somewhat heav-

ier. The second crop of alfalfa is poor

but ready to cut. Wheat, oats and rye

are being threshed with wheat yielding

around 20 bushels per acre. Pastures

are poor. The fruit crop is light. Wheat

$1.46; oats 490; corn 80c; beans $4.50;

eggs 26c; butter-fat 321/2c; potatoes

$1.25 per bushel.



Kalkaska 00., Aug. 25.—After the

hottest and dryest July and August on

record, the temperature has fallen to

65 degrees, and we have had rains

which have benefited crops consider-

ably. Both corn and beans are prom-

ising in this county. Potatoes are not

doing well. Wheat was a normal crop

and oats are light. A heavy crop of

hay was secured. Cattle 5@7c; hogs

80; butter—fat. 320.



Pennsylvania.



Lancaster 00., Aug. 24.—-The yield of

hay, clover and alfalfa especially was

large. There were also good wheat

and cat crops. Threshing is now in

progress. Corn is in excellent condi>

tion, and potatOes have attained splen-

did growth. The fruit yield will be

fair. Prices generally are good. Eggs

are selling at 27c.





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





 





 





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MANSON CAMPBELL 00., Dept. lie-3 Detroit, Kansas City, Minneapolis





 

   





   

 

 

 

 





   

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





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Missouri). >





Phelps 00., Aug. 23.——While scatter-

ing showers have brought relief, prac-

tically the entire county is in need of

rain, with the exception of the low

land. Hay has proven the best crop in

the history of the county and no doubt

but what it will go a long way toward

making up the shortage that there will

be in the corn crop this year. Clover

and alfalfa are also good. Oats was

the best grain crop raised and is yield-

ing around 25 bushels. Wheat and rye

were short and corn will be about a

two—thirds crop. Wheat is averaging

about seven to nine bushels per acre

and rye is a little better than wheat.

Potatoes are very few. Early potatoes

were very good. Beans are a good

crop and other garden products are

only fair, due to the fact that we have

had very little rain. Apples are very

small, but it seems that there will be

a good yield. Very few peaches and

other fruit, with the «exception of

grapes and they are plentiful. No

plowing has been done for wheat on

account of the ground being so dry and

then they are’ trying to prevent the

Hessian fly this fall. Wheat $1.12; po—

tatoes $1; hogs $9.50; butter 19c; h'ens

130: spring chickens 14c; roosters 8c;

turkeys, old 200; young 30c; ducks 8@

10c; geese 5@7c; guineas 25c each;

hides per pound 9@16c; wool 14@35c.





Energetic men whether they work or

whether they play put their strength

into the work and their strength into





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





x:





,

(a'r' -

A





Every year lzwzdred: more farmers buy

huskers,as they find the most econom-

ical, efficient way to save all the feed

value of a corn crop is to husk the ears

and make fodder of the leaves and stalks.





The Appleton was thefirst successful husker.

Appletons made years ago are giving good

service tod :1. Few parts. made extra strong, mean

10112 lile. few repairs and positive dependability.





_ ,5 ‘

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GUARANTEED TO DO MORE -



WORK WITH mass rowan in: is: g

than any bunker of equal size. Appleton hunks clean- “'4'"

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Describes four sizes for engines of

4 h.p.nnd up. Shown why it pays to

handle corn this way. erte today.





shreds leaves and stalke while husklng ears. Fodder

value saved from small acreage pays its cost. Easiest.

sole" to operate. Works in all conditions of corn.





 





 





Appleton Mfg. Co.. 520 Fuse Sh, Behvin. Ill.





 





 





 





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BOYS WATCH.





Every boy, young or old, would be proud to carry

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The watch alone free for sending three subscrip-

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\
- lllllllllllllllllIll!|llllllllllllllIllllIlllIIllllIlIll|IllllllllllI|IllllllllllllllllllllllllMllllllllllllllll “'7."

GRAINS AN D SEEDS.





‘ September 5, 1916.

,Wheatr—Following the season’s new

high record in wheat prices made a

Week ago, values declined and now

rule on a lower basis. Political affairs





 





 





I _- in Europe and the threatened railroad





strike in this country were largely re-

sponsible for the weakness. Now that

the railway strike has. at least been



1 deferred by the action of Congress,

and a better understanding is had of

the problems still confronting the Al‘

’lies in Europe before they can open up

the Russian wheat stores for use in the

western countries, prices have already

regained some of the loss. Notwith-

standing the high prices ruling, pri-

mary receipts are scarcely as large as

they were a year ago. European coun-

tries are also buying liberally, which

with the almost complete failure of the

spring wheat crop, ought to hold prices

near or above the present basis. A

year ago No. 2 red wheat was quoted

locally at $10714) per bushel. Last

week’s Detroit quotatizons were:





No No. 1

Red. White. Dec.

‘ Wednesday ..... 1.4314 1.38% 1.501/2

Thursday ....... 1.46% 1.41% 1.53

Friday ......... 1.44 1A, 1.39% 1.491/2

Saturday ....... 1.48 1.43 1.53

Monday ............ .. .. .. ..

Tuesday .... .1.521/o 1.47% 1.57%,





Chicago—Sept. wheat $15114; Dec.

$1.53; May $1.54.



Corn—Corn values have not suffered

in the same proportion as wheat, due

in part to the broad general demand

for this grain. Some export business

is also being done and there is consid‘

erable commission house buying. The

crop is developing under moderately

favorable circumstances. One year

ago No. 3 corn was quoted at 79c per





bushel. Detroit’s last week’s quota-

tions were:



No.3 No.3



Mixed. Yellow.

Wednesday ........ . 881/2 90

Thursday ........... 88%, 90

Friday .............. 881/2 90

Saturday ............ 881/2 90

Monday .~ ...... ..

Tuesday ............ 89 901/2





Chicago—September corn 880; Dec.

760; May 79140.



Oats.—An announcement that the

British government had taken a mil-

lion bushels from the American conti-

nent developed independent strength

in the oat deal and aided this market

in advancing prices in the face of low-

er values for wheat and corn. A year

ago standard oats were quoted at 380





per bushel. Detroit’s quotations last

week were:

No. 3



Standard. White.

Wednesday . . . . . . . . . 49 48%,

Thursday 49 481/2

Friday.............. 49 48%

Saturday 49 481/2.

Monday ..... ..........49 481/2

Tuesday ....... . . . . . 491,6 49





Chicago—September oats 46%6 per

bushel; Dec. 491/20; May 52%c.

‘ Rye—A further advance of three

cents was made for rye, placing the

price for No. 2 spot at $1.23 per bu.

Beans.——The possibility of an unpre-

cedented short yield of beans in Mich-

igan and other bean producing states

has urged dealers to bid up for the le-

gume. The price now being offered

for October delivery is $5 per bushel,

while immediate shipment is quoted at

at $5.75. The Chicago market quotes

- Michigan hand-picked pea beans at $6;

red kidneys $5@5.50.

Seeds.—-—Prime spot clover seed at

$8.75; do. alsike $9.40; prime timothy

$2.50 per bushel.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Noun—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs, as follows: Best

patent $7.70; seconds $7.50; straight

$7.80; spring patent $8.10; rye flour

$6.30 per bbl. '



Feed.—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $25; standard middlings

$26; fine middlings $30; cracked corn

$36; corn and oat crop $32 per ton.



Hay.———(New) No. 1 timothy $14@15;

standard timothy $13.50@14; light

mixed $13@14; No. 2 timothy $12@13;

No. 1 mixed $11@12; No. 1 clover $8

@10 per ton.



Straw—Rye straw $7.50@8; wheat

and oat straw $6.50@7 per ton.





 





8 DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





; Butter.—-—Higher values are ruling in

this trade and the market is very firm

fat the new schedule. Price changes



are. likely to be in the upward direc-





 

 

   





 

 





‘ 8i -. tee.

. marketruling firm‘rat "3195c.





 





ruption caused by the threatened rail-

road strike, the trade is firm Vvith’ quo-

tations a fraction higher. Extra cream-

eries. 311/2c; extra firsts 310; firsts 28

@300; seconds 26@271/20.



Eggs—Receipts are only fair and

prices are higher. Fresh receipts,

firsts, cases included, 270; current re-

ceipts 240. "f



Chicago—The market is steady to

firm with prices above those of last

week. Fresh firsts 25%@260; ordi-

nary do. ‘24@241/20; miscellaneous lots

cases included 20@25c. '



New York—Prices higher and mar-

ket firm. Fresh gathered extra fine 35

@36c; extra firsts 34c; firsts 31@33c.



Poultry.~—All poultry values are high-

er with the market active. No. 1

broilers 23@24c;- N0. 2 do 21@220;

fancy hens 18@190; medium do 171/2@

180; No. 2 do 16@17c; ducks 15@18c;

geese 12@180.



Chicago—Although the trade here

was easier on Saturday, prices ruled

above those of a week ago. Roosters

12c; small to good weight fowls 14@

17c; spring turkeys 30c; fair to good

turkeys 25c; thin and poor do 150;

geese 12c; ducks 13@15c.





FRUITS AND VEGETABLES.





 





Apples.-—The bulk of apple receipts

at Detroit are quoted on‘the wholesale

market at $2.50@3.50 per bbl. or 75c@

$1.25 per bushel with the trade fairly

active. At Chicago business is fairly

good with the best grades quoted as

steady. Barrel stuff rules from $2.75@

4.50 for No. 1 stock, and $1.50@2 for

No. 2., Fancy apples in baskets range

from 85c@1.25; ordinary and No.

quality -50@75c.



Peaches.—Detroit prices $1.50@2.50

per bushel. At Chicago offerings are

small with the trade fairly well sup-

plied. Michigan white peaches are

selling in six-basket cases at 75c@1.25;

Elbertas $1@1.25; Champions $1.50.

One—third bushel round baskets Michi~





» gan stock 600; one-fifth bushel do. 15





@25c.



Pears—The Chicago market is easy

and supply ample. Barrelled stock,

No. 1 Bartletts $4@4.50; other stock

$2.75@4. At Detroit Bartletts are quot-

ed at $1.75@1.85 per bushel; Clapp’s

Favorite $1.25@1.50 per bushel.



Plums.—There is a fair supply here

with offreings going at $2@2.50 per

bushel. Chicago also reports a good

stock of this fruit and Michigan offer-

ings are quoted at $1 in bushel baskets.





 





WOOL AND HIDES.





 





With dealers in woolen goods look-

ing for a large business this fall, there

is little chance for prices to work be-

low .the present basis. But few manu-

facturing concerns have large stocks

on hand which will necessitate their

going into the market for supplies

which will keep up wool values. Un-

fortunately most of the clip has been

sold out of farmers’ hands, and the ad-

vance from now on will accrue to the

dealers. Unwashed delaines sold last

week at 360; do three-eighths blood at

42c per lb.



Hides—No. 1 cured 19c; No. 1 green

160; No. 1 cured bulls 140; No. 1 green

bulls 12c; No. 1 cured veal kip 23c;

No. 1 green veal kip 18c; No. 1 cured

murrain 180; ,No. 1 green murrain 16c;

No. 1 cured calf 29c; No. 1 green calf

270; No. 1 horsehides $5.50; No. 2

horsehides $4; No. 2 hides 1c and No.

2 kip and calf 11/2c lower than the

above; sheepskins, as to amount of

wool, 50c@$1.25. ’





LIVE STOCK MARKETS.





Buffalo.

September 4, 1916.





(Special Report of Dunning & Stevens,

New York Central Stock Yards,

Buffalo, N. Y.)



Receipts here today as follows: Cat-

tle 139 cars; hogs 48 d. d.; sheep 10

d. d.; calves 350 head.



With 139 cars of cattle here today,

the trade was absolutely rotten on ev-

erything except a few extra good year-

lings and a few cows, the bulk of the

cattle selling 500 per cwt. lower than

a week ago today. The big packers did

not have anybody here at all to buy

any shipping cattle and they had a

heavy run in Jersey, making it impos-

sible to get any orders from there. We

look for a very mean trade the b‘alance

of the week and will have we have a

very light run' here next Monday if we

get any. improvement in this trade.



Our receipts of hogs today were very

light, footing up about 48 double decks

including practically all of Saturday’s

supply. Owing to that fact that one





 





load of hogs was sold here Saturday at,





$11.35, the bulk all went over until .to-

day and prices were full strong with





 





V Chicago._——Although the market here

2 is suffering somewhat from the inter-





shtw ass. editing. 9 ‘

Pigs and lights, as to w ‘

ity, $10.50@10.75~. Kong is generally

$9.75; stags $7.50@8.50. All the good

grades of hogs sold at the £lose, bu

some pigs going over unsold. . '

Sheep receipts were light again to-

day, and prices were about steady with

the close of last week. Prospects low-

er last of week. We quote: Best spg

lambs $11.50@11.75; cull to common

lambs $9@11; yearlings $7@9; bucks

$5.50@6.50; ewes $7@7.50; cull sheep

$3.50@5.50; wethers $7.75@8; top

veals $13.75@14; heavy $9@11.50; com-

ggn and light $10@12; grassers $5.50





 





*—



Chicago.

September 4, 1916.

"Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.





Receipts today.. 6,000 13,000 12,000

Same day 1915..17,289 28,086 8,601

Last week ...... 67,711 167,543 107,928

Same wk 1915. . .43,517 108,758 85,599





Shipments from here last week em-

braced 17,118 hogs and 31,837 sheep,

comparing with 16,257 hogs and 21,488

sheep a. week earlier and 25,117 hogs

and 4,863 sheep a year ago. Hogs re-

ceived last week averaged in weight

234 lbs. At the week’s close from 12,-

000 to 14,000 cattle were left over'in

the stock yards and 21,577 hogs by ex4

act count. That made good supplies of

cattle and hogs for today, although

fresh supplies of both were unusually

small. The cattle market was not very

active for the greater part of the offer-

ings, with no particular improvement

in ‘prices, but choice beeves were very

scarce and much higher. The best sale

reported consisted of two cars of fancy

steers averaging 1,754 lbs. at $11.50.





2 Hogs had a liberal advance, with sales





at $10@11.30. Eat sheep and lambs

were higher, some prime native lambs

fetching $10.40, an advance of 150.

The best range lambs offered brought

$10.50, but prime lots would probably

have sold as high as $10.75, at which

price a sale was made late Friday of

1,289 head of Wyoming 79-lb. lambs,

while late the same day 2,746 head of

Idaho lambs brought $10.50.





'Cattle prices shot up last week from

$1 to $1.50 per 100 pounds, because of

unusually small receipts, following the

bad breaks in values a week earlier





and an uncommonly animated general





demand brought out by fears that the

great railroad strike would take place

on Labor Day. Prices climbed so fast

that it was difficult to send out reports

giving reliable figures. Quotations for

cattle were the highest seen this year,

with choice beeves salable at $11 and

upward, while any good lots brought

$10 and over. Medium grade steers

were purchased at $9 and‘upward, fair

light-weight killers $8 and over, ordi-

nary thin grass-fed lots $6.50 and up-

ward. Shippers were fair buyers until

Thursday as no live stock would be ac-

cepted for shipment east thereafter un-

til the railway strike was settled.

Butcher stock participated in the boom

in prices, with cows taken at $5.75@

8.50 and heifers at $5.50@10.35. Cut-

ters sold at $5.10@5.70, canners at $4

@505 and bulls at $5@8.25. Stacker

and feeder prices ruled firm at $5.25@

8. There was an active calf trade, es-

pecially in the‘good to prime light veal-

ers, which brought $11.60@12.50 per

100 lbs., the heavier calves going at $5

and upward. Western range steers

were offered in fair numbers on the big

days and sold mainly at $6.75@8.60,

quality being only fair as a rule. The

week closed with many cattle left un-

sold, the Saturday receipts being about

11,000 head, instead of the usual re-

ceipts of a few hundred head. , They

were largely consigned direct to the

packers, and prices were mostly nom-

inal, with $11.25 the top price for the





-prime heavy steers, which was paid





the day before.



Hogs were in extremely lively de-

mand last week. Increasing receipts

failed to check the growing strength

in the market, and values made new

high records for the year; Prime light

and butcher weights topped the mar-

ket, and choice heavy hogs sold at a

marked discount, or about 20c below

top quotations. At the week’s high

time prime hogs made the highest rec:

0rd in history by selling at $11.55 per





100 lbs., but the following day a. sensa- .





tional decline took place, because of

expected settlement of the threatened

strike, and the best sold before noon

down to around $11.10. The common-

est hogs have sold about $1.30 below

top prices. Top Saturday was $11.

Lambs, yearlings and sheep showed

substantial advances in prices last

week under the influence of an active

general demand. Within a short time

the ranges have been marketing fat

lambs and feeding lambs much more

freely, and both kinds have met with

a lively demand, with not. enough of





the latter to go. around. The samesis.





 

 





htand :qua -.





 





 





at its - .

seasons, ewes at$3.~5067i ,,

isnsgfij‘gvggs at $7.50@10.50 and «ticks-at





es along with cattle and hogs. At the

week’s close top lambs brought $10.50.

.Horses were rmarketed much more

liberally last week than usual but pric-

es were maintained firmly. Inferior

horses sold as low as $50@75, while

drivers with any quality sold _at $100@

200. Wagon horses sold at $75@200,

the best expressers at $200@210 and

feeders of quality at $165@240. Desir-

able weighty drafters sold on the basis

of $240@285.‘





IMPORTANT TO BEAN GROWERSr.





 





The second annual meeting of the

Michigan Bean Growers’ Association

will be held at Grand Rapids, Wednes-

day and Thursday, eptember 13-14,

1916, probably at the Court House,

where notice will be posted if any

change is made. -





The recent spectacular collapse in

cattle prices was due to suddenly unex-

pected vastly increased receipts, there

being more than the Chicago packers

could care for on such short notice. If

country shippers take warning from

the recent ba'd breaks, following a glut-

ted market, values may be expected to

return to their previous high levels,

but a repetition of 65,000 receipts of

cattle in a week would be fatal.





 





 





films and Farm Lands For Sale





PROSPERITY IN CANADA—$900,000,000 in

new wealth added in 1915. Enormous crops and

low taxation make farmers rich. Wheat average,

36.16 bushels per acre in Alberta, 28.75 bushels per

acre in Saskatchewan, 28.50 bushels per acre in

Manitoba. Taxes average $24 and will not ex-





 





 





vceed $35 per quarter section. includes all taxes;





no taxes on improvements. Free schools and

full religious liberty. good climate. Get your

farm home from the Canadian Pacific Railway.

20 years to pay. Good land from $11 to $30 per

acre; irrigated lands from $35. and the govern-

ment guarantees your land and water titles. Bal-

ance. after first. payment, extended over nineteen

years. with interest at 6%; privileges of paying in

full any time. Before final payment becomes

due your farm should have paid for itself. We

will lend you up to $2,000 in improvements in

certain districts, with no security other than the

land itself. Particulars on request. Ready-

made farms for sale. Special easy terms. Loans

for livestock. In defined districts. after one

year’s occupation, under certain conditions, we

advance cattle. sheep and hogs to farmers up to

a value of $1.000. We want you; we can afford to

help you. We own the land; we want the land

cultivated. Our interests are mutual. Buy direct

and get your farm home from the CANADIAN

PACIFIC RAILWAY. Send for free book.



S. Dennis. Assistant to the President. Canadian

gacifidc Railway, 125 Ninth Ave" Calgary. Alberta.



ans. 8.. -





 





FOR SALE



BIG FARM



BARGAIN

FLINT, MICH.





For sale. 80 acre farm. ‘ Splendid Soil. 70 acres under

cultivation, 8 room house, 2 large barns. Silo. Cow ban:

has cement ' 001' and steel stanchions for 16. head.

Everything in good condition. price 150 acre, this

farm is likely to double in value in a tow yearsac it in

within 6 miles of F nt. reason for selling, no

trades. must be cash.Addi-ess F.W.305.Bowles Bldg.,Detroit,Mich.





 





McClure-Stevens Land C0.





Successors to A. J. Stevens & Co. Established 1883.

Farm, Fruit and Stock Lands. We own 1&100 nora-

of choice unimproved land in Gladwin and Glen

counties. Sold on easy payments. Interest 6 per cent.

Write for information.





Gladwin, Michigan





New Land,





In Gladwin and Midland Counties, Michigan. Well

located, Low prices and easy terms. Stafield Bron

(owners). 15 Merrill Bldg. Saginaw, (weetside). Mich,





“ACRES 0F OPPORTUNITIES".





An illustrated booklet FREE, Michigan has hun-

dreds of thousands of acres of virgin land. 85 an not.

up. Heal ul climate. Growing season for all crop.

Ample rain . ri ' . P. TMAN. A. t 1.

Agent, in 332 Grand Rapids & Indiana Railway.

Grand Rapids. Michigan.





 





 





. OR SALE—Farm ofl50 acres of clay loam soil. 1

houses 2 large basement barns. hog and hen hone.

shop and ice house. 0001 shed. 2wells, 6 miles from Ann

Arbor. Kmile from R. Elston Asplendid stock farm.

Cheap at $70 acre. E. O. Outwater, Ann Arbor. Mich, 11.1.





FOR SALE {an as... were,“

N. Y. 34500 eas terms. Excellenzolocationf’ $2136;-





airablefnr nmb tions youngcouple. Particulars a

Edd. C.Kirk, Harpursville, roome 00., N. Y., R. .





. Fruit farm and Small).

FOI‘ Sale 0 Home at Bower's Barb“.

Ideal location on Grand Traverse Bay, 11 miles fl-

Traverse Citv. with 1500 fruit trees. Win bee '

New barn an rage. Full equipment; stock

implements. . J. BUTTS, Traverse City. 1111).].





200 AcreS' 5°53!” ‘°£‘é‘ic°‘i‘tl;te‘m°°‘

. . . .0 u IBIS 1



ti d city. lo price, ens terms. Dr.



3.“; fitfofah'inm. 1301 Melveetic 31:12.. damn. Mich.





FOR. SALE o‘é‘iim“ arses.





barn, good: land. Cami R.Smith,leleo-,_Mlch‘.i ‘"





 





. On Friday the market ‘exy . ..

perience‘d a sensational decline in pric- ‘ '





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





‘5, '
g. .../PMV-‘Mwn _.:M~M,_h’~sgh«~//~ _. rrvm ”Mu—1 .. . - < . . -. ~





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

 

 

 





. steady as follows:





 





have not expressed 'a desire for the

latest markets. The late market edi-

tion will be sent on request at any

1111c. \ -





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET.





Thursday’s Market.

September 7, 1916.

Cattle.





Receipts 2028. The threatened rail-

way strike of last week did not seem

to make any great difference in the re-

ceipts of cattle this week and they

were about normal for the first week

in September. The quality was com-

mon, there being a large number of

cows and thin butchers in the receipts

and some that would not weigh 500 and

should never have been marketed in

their present condition. Pasture must

be scarce to send such cattle from the

farm.



The market 'was more active than

last week but prices were no higher

than the close, a few more buyers were

on hand for stockers and some went

back to the farm. milch cows

are bringing good prices here at pres-

cut and are wanted, as high as $90 be-

ing paid this week. The close was

Best heavy steers

$8@8.50; best handy weight butcher

steers $7. 25@7. 75; mixed steers and

heifers $6. 75@7; handy light butchers

$6@6. 50; light butchers $5. 75@6; best

cows $6@6. 50; butcher cows $5. 50@

5.75; common cows $4.50@5; canners

$3.50@4.25; best heavy bulls $6@6.50;

bologna bulls $5.50@5.75; stock bulls

$4.50@5; feeders $6.50@7; stockers

$5. 50@6. 50; milkers and springers $50

@90.



Bishop, B. & H. sold Fineman 10

butchers av 715 at $5; to Golden 7 do

av 523 at $5. 35; to Parker W. & Co.

11 cows av 875 at $4. 50, 9 do av 925 at

$4. 25, to Hammond, S. & Co. 16 steers

av 977 at $7. 40, 3 do av 783 at $6, 2

cow and bull av 890 at $5, 2 bulls av

1300 at $6.25, 2 do av 1150 at $6.25; to

Ratner 4 cows av 917 at $5. 40; to Na-

gle P. Co. 1 do wgh 1080 at $5, 2 butch-

ers av 825 at $7.4 do av 1030 at $6.25;

to Ratner 9 do av 561 at $5. 40; to Ratt-

kowsky 4 do av 915 at $5.50; to Goose

5 cows av 840 at $5; to Nagle P. Co.

20 steers av 1162 at $7.65; to Parker,

W. & Co. 23 butchers av 455 at $5.50,

18 do av 775 at $5.75, 3 do av 950 at $4;

to Bernfeldt 10 do av 687 at $5.40; to

Denton 26 do av 975 at $6.70; to Mason

B. Co. 8 steers av 986 at $7.50; to Na-

gle P. Co 1 bull wgh 1770 at $6 50, 1

do wgh 1070 at $5. 75, 1 do wgh 1350 at

$6. 40, 1 do wgh 1350 at $6.25; to Ham-

mond, S. & Co. 4 do av 1350 at $6.25,

2 steers av 1250 at $7. 50, 4 do av 887

at $6. 25; to Sullivan P. Co. 3 cows av

1113 at $5. 60 4 butchers av 855 at

$5. 75; to Sc ack 5 steers av 902 at

$7. 35,6 do av 880 at $6. 90.



Haley & M. sold Mason B. Co. 9

butchers av 741 at $6.10, 2 heifers av

660 at $5.50; to Brighton D. M. Co. 3

steers av 847 at $6.40, 3 cows av 1037

at $6.10,1 do wgh 940 at $6; to Mich.

B. Co. 28 steers av 1080 at $7. 25; to

Resnick 5 do av 780 at $6.70; to Mason

B. Co. 17 butchers av 611 at $5.25, 9

do av 752 at $6.10, 2 do av 660 at $5.50:



Veal Calves.



Receipts 640. The veal calf trade

was actiVe at last week’s prices for

good grades bringing $12@13; heavy





 





.$6@8. 50. Quite a large number of heavy





coarse grades were in the receipts and

are slow sellers.



Haley & M. sold Parker, W. & Co.

5 av 165 at $13.16 av 155 at $13, 8 av

225 at $12. 25, 7 av 180 at $12. 50, 5 av

185 at $12. 50; to Rattkowsky 2 av 165

at $13. 50; to Goose 7 av 350 at $6: to

Kastner 7 av 250 at $10; to Rattkow-

sky 2 av 170 at $13.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts. 4061. The sheep and lamb

trade was steady with Wednesday.

Lambs a trifle higher than they werea

week ago. The best brought $10.50;

sheep steady; the .close was a trifle

slow but steady. Best lambs $10.50:

fair lambs $9.50@10; light to common

lambs $8@9; fair to good sheep $6@

6 50; culls and common $4@5.



Erwin, S. & J. sold Thompson 32

lambs av 75 at $10. 35, 39 do av 65‘ at

$10. 25, 9 do av 75 at $10; to Mich. B.

00. 13 do av 55 at $6. 50; to Nagle P.

Co. 17 sheep av 100 at $5. 75; to Mich.

B. Co. 47 lambs av 75 at $10. 35, 29 do

av 75 at $10; to Greene 30 do av 73 at

$10. 50, 14 sheep av 115 at $6.;25 to

Thompson 152 lambs av 55 at $8, 42 do

av 70 at $10.2





gs.

Receipts 5810. HIn the hog division

the quality was badly mixed, there be-





'l‘henrsteditionissentto'thosewhe‘





 





 





m"





 





Cross-Cut Saws bearing the Atkins name

cut 25% faster thanoth others because‘ Segment.

Groun ” Blades are thicker on tooth-edge than

back—thinnest at center of back. Cut at top

shows our No. 5' 'Perfection " Four cutting

teeth and raker. A famous saw for hard-

woods. Out at bottom shows No. 540 ‘xRe

Two culling teeth and raker. Known wher-

ever quality is appreciated.





 





Circular Saws—made either with solid or

inserted teeth. any size—all of Silver Steel.

Atkins circular saws are best for the null

mill—they do not need refiling so often. Silver

Steel files easily. but is exceedingl hard

and tough. Almost impossible to crac it un-

less the saw is improperly set or adjusted.





 





 





fluid Saws. Atkins Silver Steel hand saws are

the only kind giving you choice of two handles

on the same blade. 'Perfection” handle is

mosts mientifically hung-balance is thrown

on toothed edge. Old Style" is the same your

grandfather used. Blades are 51h er Steel—the

best made. We make hand saws for any pur-

pose. any length or size of tooth.





 





 





 





Ono-Men Sam- Cut shows No. 390. This

is fully as fine in quality of steel and finish as

our very best cross-cuts. Tuttle Tooth pattern,

two cutting teeth and raker Blades carefullv

ground. producing uniform thickness so 3

runs free and easy.





 





 





   





Butcher Saws. No. 77 shown. Frame has. on



back equate edge. made offinespring steel. Beech

handle with candor! sides and varnished edges. It

is a. revelation to lee how this new works in com

part-on to the cheap interior kind.





 





 





 





 





 

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





FFICIEN CY is the order of the day. Fast, clean

work with the best of tools is the mark of the suc-

cessfull farmer. Of all the time-wasters and muscle-



killers ever invented, the worst is a cheap, worthless





88W.





bank.





Atkins





It’pays to get a good saw—it is like money in the

The best saws for every purpose are





Silver

Steel





Saws





Each one is sold under this broad and positive guaranty: “If you

buy an Atkins saw and it does not prove thoroughly satisfactory—

in every respect—take it to your dealer and get a new saw or your

money backfievery red cent of it back if you want it.’





It is an unlimited guaranty. We have unlimited confidence in our

product. For over sixty years we have been making saws—nothing

but saws and saw tools—and they are truly “the finest on earth.”

Made of steel as fine as razor steel, tempered byaprocess that makes

the saw hold its perfect edge under the most trying conditions.

Ground so that they will not stick even in wet lumber, and cut

smoothly and easily in all kinds of wood.





In this ad we show some popular saws for the farm.





If the kind of saw you





want is not shown. remember we make a saw for every purpose—and it's the be“





of Its kind.





Demand the genuine Atkins Silver Steel Saws of your dealer;





Atkins Sowenre never sold under any other brand. Our name. E. C. Awash





(30.. is on every blade.

you promptly.





Repairs





Many times you have discarded cross-cut

sews or circular saws because teeth were

broken or some other minor accident has

At each



branches we have iacillties

housands oi Atkins saw owners

It' 13 part

of the Atkins idea—to give not only the best

law for the money, but also unlimited service





occurred which you could not fix.

of our factor

for repairs.



e advantage of our repair shops.





eta fair price.





If your dealer hasn‘t. them. and won't get them for

please write us and we will see that you are supplied.





Free





We have valuable information on the

care of saws and practical time and money

saving short cuts in farm carpentry in our

booklet‘ The Saw on the Farm. " We will

send this to you free. For fifteen cents in

stamps we will include a handy canvas car-

penters‘s apron with double stitched nail

pockets. Send for Free Ofler' J " to receive

the apron and the book—a most complete

showing of saws for farm usage





Branches at lemphis. Atlanta. New Orleene. Chicago. New York. Seattle. Minneapolh.

Vancouver. Ion Francisco. Portland and Hamilton. Canaan.





E. C. Atkins (‘5 Company, Inc.





World’s Largest Saw Company, plndianapolis, Ind.





 





 





Poland China Spring Pigs





wnsChamplon and Grand Champion

“a“: Salem Fair 1111 0111' Iowa are thig,

stretchy. splendid individuals, with best breeding.

Pigs from such matings will please you. Get our prices,





HILLCREST FARM





KILL-A200. “OH.





Olt SALE 0. Sows. “Big T) pe' 'bred for Sept.

(arrow. Extra oaths boar. March and

April pigs. 8. 0. B. MinorcasIn R. W. Mills, Saline,Mich.





l.“ Il Guteandsows. Bred ior Mar and

K mill, 6. April ran-ow sired by Big" Du

Knox Jr. ,nhd Giant Defender. Bredto toBh



Knox Jr. Smooth W coder 3 and Big Jumbo, four great-

.“ boon in date. Come or write. W. E. Livingston. Puma,lich.





 





 





BIG TypeP. 0.—100 pi of Mar. and Apr. tarrow,



ither sex. sired by is’Type King 'l‘esemeyer A.

Wonder Jr and Movvw' 5 Big one lWe pay exp. charges

and team! hee.“Breubal1er 3; Sons. Elsie. Mich.





For Sale PolandF China:





D.Long. R.F





 





either sex, all ages Borne-

thing good at a low rice.

Grand ndllopldl, ie.h





la Type P. O. Bows & 61]“;le rigidB RSV; 3 intro

'5' marsh - ....as as; :1.

Ill "PE NU" Gill“ giggling? Elli!





G. W. BOLTON. Ban“ 1!. 11311111100 Michigan,





[unfilled





 





 





 





Poland Chine Pigs, either sex. pairs not

akin. Oxford-h “both eexandShortr





 





ll. ll. Hallway 0.11. flaileday (1 Son

Breeders of Hampshire Swine.

erle your wants. Cllnton, Mich.





"ups“... 3m.“ Bred Sogand 81388.!“ August and

both sex. FLOYD 8eYERS. R. No. 9. Decatur. Ind.





HAMPSHIRES





Boats. sow lite and s. Choice took.

.le N 1 85%. Sherman? Michigan.

SHEEP.





SHROPSHIHES





I will be at. the State Fair with Z) field rams. All

are for sale and are a better bunch thgn ha

isn Benoit in recent years.





WING, Prop' r.





The lngluidn Farm





 





 





Kinderhook, Mich:





 





will not make a show of Shrop-

shiree at the fairs this tall but





 





RUFUS B. HOLMES 60.





H1813 cad R1090“. 8“. Beach. MRI.





Commission Merchants





Poultry, Live or Dressed. Dressed Hogs. Calves.

Sheep and Eggs. Reference. Peninsular Savings

Bank. Sullivan Packing Co. Shipments Bolidtod.

Satisfaction Guaranteed.





We arenow paying from threeton I

W- nibovethe hi t 0111 cial Detroit “Kitties

otation or





ah oped tousbyex tell

us for information. It will ay you. “MEDICAN

BUTTER & CHEESE





(“hum





Ship To The Old Rell‘bll lieu.

HAYSE Daniel chClflrey' 3 Sons Con

.m Po:





 





 





 





 





hash good supply of registered rams and breeding HIGHEST IARKE'I‘ PRICE

Slim ff,” as]? t Ik you are in n of any £0“ natural. Write (or

rops was 9 us now , ndl. 8h! Direct to I. .

Ii. E. POWELL. IONIA. KICK. 017300.. Dotson. L

For mustered Shropshire ““2332?“ 3'0“”, “‘ A $3.50

Armstrong Bram. R. No. 3, Fowlervllle. Itch. N Egrnuh

. . B an: I Bet- extra at 29c 03:11.801111 us your order;

Shrop slures, Ram ram.” and Yearling Young-Randolph Seed Co. Owoeso. Hickman.





also a few good Ewes to offer.

M. A. BRAY, OKEMOS, (Inchem Co. ) M





Oxford flown Sim . 0°“! ”Min: new Rune ......





 





Pnounc " MU LE FOOT? ' RESIST-





 





 





 





ing a large number of light pigs in the ,PROF'T‘B": HOG mo

_ Slandgl, ".6513 5539qu szlthhoglvpgigg you-onion noel: noun not owe. or “up

2% {$115.5 a" a s 96” I 1H1: can-111.1. FARMS

receipts. The Market was steady at KAI-AMAZOO - - .- - momenta:

Wednesday’s Siegsthbug; trifle slow. ' '

Prices are so 3 a packers use - , --

great ea’re in sorting. Pigs $809. 50; "A'PBHWI BWINI s ""‘

yorkers and heavy $10. 50ml. reel-tend John Snyder,





I. I. 88. John. lob.





 





horn 111111.. 1101112111 nevi-2’. Plot-on. Michigan. we. or .11 “a. rm

H. F. GANSS EY. Lennon. Michigan.



1 e ~11 11 a ram 1 r



enomm THE pleases hlflfllflm °" 019511.31.» of nwfuunmwg





shire swine. Elmhurst Stock Farm. Almont. Mich.

HORSES /

Pmlum 11.131.111.11 ' ,

, g3; Shrines 31m





D0” D. BUILL.





FOR SALE W'..m.mlhr."1r





sanction invited}; .L. KING ‘80]. Gimmlloh





PEICIEIONS “Wm” “d "“331... mu colts.





E. J. ALDRICH, Tekonlhn 00%? , lich.,Bell Filo”.





 





 





 





 





 





W” E A T110. 1 Red Champion. the won-



der wheat tram the east. guaran-



teed to lnclweaee our R‘ields. For prices and nampleo

IAM, Almont, Mlchl icon.





 





lal) WAVE buand Red Prize. Bed American Banner

White bu...3130 ten bu. 31750. recleaned. sacked

free on board care Dryden, Mich Frank Bartlett.





CIDER Canvas and rubber belting, ho. e.

tanks and oils. Cute! 85 8.

NATIONAL SUP vco

c0611111





MILLSCLEVELAND. -

R A T 8





They cannot reds: eating Maxilne Rat Killer.

After eatm they (lie outside Sold in collapsible

tube. No onset in handling“ Ask your dealer

for it or send2fic to MAXLI XLHIE

PRODUCTS 00., City Mlllsm Mass.
’n.».’l'""" ,. . m.“ ‘





 





‘Waterproof





When out hunting you always run

a chance of getting your shells wet.



Before starting out this year, test

the waterproofing of





EBLACK SHELLS





Smokeless and Black Powder.





You can have sample Black Shells free

for this test and for other tests we will tell

you about.



Write your name and address and also

that of your ammunition dealer on the mar

gin of this advertisement. Tear out the

advertisement and send it to us. We wil ll

send you directions for making the test and

an order on your dealer for 3 shells, free

from his stock. The information you will

get will make your next hunt a better one.





UNITED STATES CARTRIDGE CO.

2603 Trinity Building New York City





 





 





 





DON’T

WASTE

YOUR

APPLES





MAKE

GIDER





Made in Four Sizes and Prices. Hand





 





 





 





and Power

FORCE FEED JUNIOR

$7.15 $9.63

2 Barrels per Day. 4 Barrels per Day.

MEDIUM SENIOR

$12.58 $17.25

6 Barrels per Day. 10 Barrels per Day.





 





 





Red Cross Mfg. 00., Bluffton, ind.





Satisfaction Guaranteed or Money Refunded.





 





 





 





 





\\ . lStop Crop

v/ De -





struction





 





Solve the drainage problem. Write for



free book and letters from hundreds of



(armors telling what they do with the Martin.

I





7H6





\





Farm Dlteher and Road Grade

ditches, throws u terraces ,le vels bumpse, fills gul-

emmakes levees, buil sroads. All-steel, adjustable and

bio for wide and narrow cutting. 10 days’

Money back guarantee.





Brenton Ditclm and endured. be. 801 310. Muslim, Ky.





 





   

 





ROSENTHAL

Com Husker

and Shredder





Most economical and satisfactory way of handling



your corn crop. No dole. no out n help. Do oit in



{ulnar5 own spare time. we sizes for ind1vidual use.



5.11 p Also make three lawer sizes for custom



work? Over 20 gears in the field rite for catalog and

Free Farmers ccount Book. State h. p. of your engine.

SOLD ON TRIA '°“ 7‘“



NO RISK





IOSENTHALCORN figfifigfigfigMuku.Vu.





Beans at $6 Per Bushel





Must all be saved. “The Original Miller

Bean Harvester” has led all other makes

for 40 years. See your dealer or write





LE ROY PLOW COMPANY,

Le Roy, N. Y.





A Good Opportunity 5°§3..‘:.“".::’:.§





to work on Drill- Presses, Drilling M use and so to

am operating Screw Machines. Gdoo wages and



permanent pol-llltions for live wires. Address

General Aluminum & Brass Mfg. Co. )

Detroit, Michigan. .





 





 





 





 





 





 





liWhen Writing to Advertisers Please





Mention The "Michigan Farmer.





 





 





T the time of the passage of the '





federal food and drugs act—the



act of June 30, 1906—there were

certain developments which had not

been anticipated.

made in this act for a statement on the

label of packages of the net weight

content. In fact, it was scarcely con-

sidered at that time the province of a

food law to require the manufacturer

to place upon his packages the state-

ment of their net contents.





Special Size Packages.





It was early observed, however, that

a far-reaching abuse was the creation

by the manufacturer of special size

packages—packages which were not

the standard size in weight or in the

measure of their contents. The stan-

dard sizes for liquid had been gallons

and half gallons, quarts and pints and

in the! case of extracts, etc., liquid

ounee packages. Certain manufactur-

ers began putting on the market pack-

ages which were not gallon and half-

gallon, quarts and pints, but which

were several ounces under the gallon

and one or two ounces under the quart,

claiming that, they were selling these

products by the package and not by

weight or measure.



Nevertheless, frequent investigations

have shown that when consumers

would go into stores to buy packages

of these commodities they would call

for a gallon of syrup for instance, and

get a package which was several ounc«

es short of a true gallon, and when

they called for a quart or a pint, the

product furnished them did not meas-

ure up to the full capacity demanded.

The defense of the dealer would, in

this case, be the same as the defense

of the manufacturer, namely, that he

was selling an approximate package

without any definite content. To rem-

edy this evil it became necessary for

Congress to pass a net weight law

which required the manufacturer'to

stamp upon the package, the exact net

contents by weight or measure of the

product he was selling. In this way

when a consumer went to the market

to purchase this commodity she would

know at once by the weight stamped

upon the label whether she was get-

ting the quantity she had demanded.





is a Slab of Bacon Wrapped" in Paper

a Package,



It seems that this would be sufficient

in so far as acquainting the consumer

with information about the product

bought but certain manufacturers have

not been willing to consider the con-

sumer’s right to have this information

consequently the net weight law has

not been as fully enforced along the

lines contemplated by Congress in

passing the act, as was to be hoped.





, One of the abuses which official inter-





pretation has permitted has been the



exemption of certain types of packages



because there has been an opportunity



to exempt them on the technicality, of



the definition of the word “package.”



Technical Law Enforcement is Wrong

in Principle.



We do not believe in the ‘technical

enforcement of law. We are not in-

terested in the presecution of techni-

cal violations of the law and on the

other hand, ‘we do not believe in the

permitting of an abuse which a law

has been created to correct simply be:

cause some legal interpretation de-

clares that the law technically does

not cover that product. It is impossible

to provide any machinery for law en-

forcement which eliminates the re-

sponsibility and intelligence of the ex-

ecutive vested with the enforcement of

that law. Officials have tried to make

law enforcement automatic in this re-

spect. It cannot be done and deal just-

ly with our people. Law enforcement

must always be,‘to secure justice, tem-

pered by reason and. thus in a sense

discretionary with the executive vest-

ed with its enforcement.





By FLOYD W ROBISON





We appreciate that this is not an '





No provision was





 





easy thing to contemplate and it is not

at all in line with some reform-ers’

ideas of law enforcement and dealing

with food products and their acces-

sories. We believe we are absolutely

right in our statement that much dis-

cretion must be left to the dairy and

food commissioner in charge of the en-

forcement of the law and with other

executive officials so charged. The

oflficials in charge of the enforcement

of the net weight provision, guided, no

doubt, by judicial interpretation, de-

cided that a ham wrapped in paper or

in a cloth sack, as it is wrapped by the

packer, is not a package under the net

weight law which requires a statement

as to its net weight content. It seems

to us that a decision on this matter

should have been governed not by a

court opinion as to what constitutes a.

package, but by a consideration of the

evil which the law was created to cor-

rect. There is no inherent difficulty in

the way of stamping the net weight on

a ham or upon the package containing

the ham. It is no greater difficulty

than is involved in the stamping of the

net weight on a bottle of tomato or up

or on a bottle of pickles or on any oth-

er container, likewise, it is just as im-

portant that the consumer should know

how much real meat is contained in a.

package of ham as how much real food

is contained in a. can of corn. The only

possible excuse for viewing it other-

wise, is technical law enforcement. In

this case we believe a commissioner’s

duty to be to rule that all packages are

packages under the law and to con-

sider the thing uppermost in the mind

of the legislature at the time of pas-

ing the act.





An Official Should Ask Himself the

Question, Has Injustice been Done?





There is no law which can govern

the technical cases if technicalities are

permitted to be introduced, and this

works just as well on the other side

and it is just as much, in our opinion,

the duty' of the commissioner to in-

quire into whether an injustice has

been perpetrated when he is asked to

prosecute an individual, even though

that individual is guilty of a technical

violation of law. For instance, the

law plainly states'that no milk shall be

sold which is below three per cent in

milk fat. Now there is plenty of milk

which is absolutely pure milk which

does not contain three per cent of fat,

and technically that milk cannot be

legally sold in the markets of the state.

But it will make good butter, and when

bought on a butter—fat basis no one is

injured, and we contend that a sensible

public official will appreciate that the

law did not contemplate the prosecu-

tion of any such case.





,Net Weight Should be the Cemmonly

Understood Measure.





Another provision which those vest-

ed in the enforcement of the net

weight law permitted was that syrup

manufacturers might print the net con-

tents of their packages in terms of

pounds and ounces instead of gallons

and fractions of gallons. It seems to





us that here is another ruling which





practically amounts to permitting a

real violation of law. We,~ agree with

Commissioner Helme when he says:

“From time immemorial consumers

have bought syrup by the quart and

gallon. Did you ever hear of a consum-

er going into a store and asking for

two pounds of molasses? How many

consumers know how many pounds in

a gallon of syrup? We believe that the

net weight law was intended and cre-

ated to correct a real abuse and that

it was expected that when the net

weight was placed upon the label it

should be the net weight or measure

which custom has provided, and there-

fore on a can of syrup or a can of mo-

lasses or] a bottle of vinegar, sub-

stances which are commonly purchas-





and ounces.





tents in pounds and ounces,





 





 





' In our opinion it is just as absurd to;



print on a gallOn can of syrup its con-

as it

would be to print on a ham itscon-

tents in quarts and gallons. The pur-

pose of the law is to furnish real in-

formation to the consumer or buyer

and any system devised by the manu-

facturer and permitted by official sanc-

tion which is foreign to accepted cus-





toms and with which the consumer is





not familiar in connection with that

commodity, in our opinion is not con-

forming to the purpose of the act. In

all these laws let the official ask him-

self every time the question: “What

evil is this law created to correct and

then act according to the answer

which he himself can give.

The Michigan Law.



An Act to provide for the wéight per

bushel, of certain grain, dried fruit,

coal, vegetables and products.



(4900) Sec. 1. The People of the

State of Michigan Enact, that Wham

ever wheat, rye, shelled corn, corn on

the cob, corn meal, oats, buckwheat,

beans, cloverseed, timothy seed, flax

“1‘", nemp see.',..:nillzt seed, blue

grass seed, red—top seed, barley, dried





apples, dried peaches, potatoes, pota-





toes (sweet), onions, turnips, peas,

cranberries, dried plums, castor beans,

salt, mineral coal, _Hungarian grass

seed, orchard grass seed, osage orange

seed, shall be. sold by the bushel,‘ and

no special agreement as to the meas-

ure or w'ight thereof shall be made

by the parties, the measure thereof

shall be ascertained by weight and

shall be computed as follows, viz.:



Sixty pounds for a bushel of wheat.



Fifty-six_pounds for a bushel of rye.



Fifty-six pounds for a bushel of shell-

ed corn



Seventy pounds for a bushel of corn

on the cob.



Fifty pounds for a bushel of corn

meal.



Thirty-two pounds for a bushel of _

oats. ‘



Forty7eight pounds for a bushel of

buckwheat.



Sixty pounds for a bushel of beans.



Sixty pounds for a bushel of clover

seed.



Forty-five pounds for a bushel of tim-

othy seed.



Fifty—six pounds for a. bushel of flax

seed.



Forty-four pounds for a bushel of

hemp seed.



Fifty pounds for a bushel of millet

or Hungarian grass seed.



Fourteen pounds for a bushel of blue

grass seed.



Fourteen pounds for a. bushel of red-

top seed.



Forty- eight pounds for a bushel of

barley.



Twenty-two pounds for a bushel of

dried apples.



Twenty—eight pounds for a bushel of

dried peaches.



Sixty pounds for a bushel of pota-

toes.



Fifty- -six pounds 1131' a bushel of sweet.

potatoes.



Fifty- f-our pounds for a bushel of

onions.



Fifty-eight pounds for a bushel of

turnips.



Sixty pounds for a bushel of peas.



Forty pounds for a bushel'of cran-

berries.



Twenty-eight pounds for a bushel of

dried plums.



Forty-six pounds for a bushel of cas-

tor beans.



Fifty-six pounds for a bushel of

Michigan salt.

_ Eighty pounds for a bushel of min-

eral~coal.



Fourteen pounds for a bushel of or-

chard grass seed.





Thirty-three pounds for a bushel of." . ,4 I

usage orange seed
7 Farmers Clubs





OFFICERS OF THE STATE A880—

CIATION OF FARMERS’ CLUBS.





 





President-11. J. Robb, Mason.



Vice-president—C. B. Sonny, Almont.



Secretary and Treasurer—Mrs. J. S.

Brown, Howell.



Directors—Alfred Allen, Mason; C.

T. Hamlme, Alma, W. K. Crafts, Grass

Lake; Edward Burke, St. Johns; Mrs.

C. J. Reed, Spring Arbor; Roy E.

Moore, Bellevue.





Address all communications relative

to the organization of new Clubs to

Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.





PURE-BRED VS. NATIVE STOCK.





 





 





Paper read before the Tuscola Coun-

ty Association of Farmers’ Clubs by B.

B Reavey.



At first I considered this question

rather onesided but as 90 per cent of

the farmers practice the negative side

of this question I thought it might be

‘ well for me to write a few lines in fav-

or, of the affirmative side or the other

10 per cent of farmers.





In Order to make a success of any

vocation we should have an ideal in

view and work for that ideal. nur suc.

cess will depend on. how high' Weiss;



. our ideal and how near we reach it.



If we wish to raise any kind of stock

we should have in mind an ideal type

of horse, cow, sheep or hog of some

recognized breed. If you wish to raise

horses, select the breed that nearest

meets your ideal and stick to the one

breed. If defects are found in any

breed select individuals Us: overcome

these defects in the breed and never

cross with any other breed to over-

come defects or improve.



The fact that an animal is pure-bred

denotes that for many generations

back there has been no intermingling

of foreign blood. It denotes purity of

blood but not degree of quality. By

the intentional mating of poor individ-

uals for a number of generations it

would be possible to develop ill-formed

individuals. Anyone who will take the

time and trouble to study the pedigree

of famous families in almost any line

of stock breeding, will find that the

foundation blood is intensely line bred

or inbred. When a certain family or

strain is developed by judicious line

breeding for a few generations it be-

comes fixed in its characteristics to a

certain degree and becomes as it were,

almost a breed within a breed. It is

evident, then, that it is not sufficient

to confine our selections to the limits

of the breed, but we must draw the

line closer and make our selections

from certain families or strains that

come nearest to meeting our ideal or

needs. To cross two well defined fam-

ilies may be almost like crossing two

breeds and while there is a chance of

their nicking well and producing some-

thing of superior excellence the chanc-

es are very much against it. A violent

outcross of this kind is always more

or less of a gamble; the results cannot

be predicted with any degree of cer-

tainty. The great advantage of pure-

’ ed line breedi. " is that the results

can be predicted almost with certainty,

and when impgv cut is secured, it

is backed up by the most powerful

hereditary influence obtainable, be-

cause of the strength and simplicity of

the ancestry, which, if the selection

has been good all pulls in the same di-

rection. The records of all breeds will

show the pronounced results that have

been obtained by pure—bred line breed-

ing. Most of the breeds have been

bred more than a century with a defi-

nite purpose in view and how near the

ideal has been attained is shown by the

distinguished individuals that stand as

milestones along the line of the history

of the respective breeds.



While grading is far better and more

profitable than clinging to the natives,

the act of substituting a grade for one

that is purebred, would be like taking





 

 





Advantages of Community Breeding.

1 If 50 per cent of the farmers in this

county had selected one breed of

horses 20 years ago and stuck" to that

breed until now, they would have been

known the world over and buyers

would have known where to come to

find this particular breed. Today it is

almost impossible to find two horses

that resemble each other, either for

size, color, conformation or disposition.

An ideal team of either registered Per-

cherons, Belgians or Clydes perfectly

mated would sell today for $1000 quick-





er than most of our native teams at

$200. Therefore there must be some».





difference in registered and native

grade horses.



With cattle it can be proved beyond

a doubt that there is a vast difference.



Ohio Experiment Station Herd (cir-

cular No. 135) increased by use of a

pure-bred sire the average production

of seven daughters, 1,299 pounds of

milk and 40 pounds of butter-fat per

year above their dams, 40 pounds of

butter—fat per year above that of their

lams for six years, average productive

period) for. cows would be 1,680 pounds

of fat at 30 cents would be $504. Seven

daughters from the same cows and a

grade sire of different breeding showed





”21:31.. .ase of 45 pounds of butter and





700 pounds of milk per year below

that of their dams, or a decrease of

$567, making the immediate difference

in money value of these two sires

$1,071 just on the offspring from seven

cows in two years.



Twenty years ago it was thought in.

possible for a. cow to make 30 pounds

of butter in seven days but today there

are hundreds of cows that have made

this, and there are now seven cows

that have made over 40 pounds of but-

ter in seven days and given as high as

7.29 pounds of butter and 138 pounds

of milk in one day. The. world’s yearly

record now is over 1,500 pounds of but-

ter and 30,000 pounds of milk for one

year.



These records are all beyond the

reach of the average farmer but they

show what can be done by persistent

pure-bred line breeding, just for pro-

duction, but that is not the real value

of a pure-bred animal; the real value

of a pure—bred animal is its transmit-

ting qualities or the power to transmit

its good qualities to its offspring.

This is what puts degree in pedigree

and is being considered more today

by intelligent breeders, than fine look-

ing individuals.



I would like to mention a few of the

individuals with degree in their pedi-

gree and show what they have done

and what they sell for, but you might

think I was promoting some particular

breed. I have said nothing but what

would apply to all breeds. The only

thing to remember is that we can not

make a success of two things at the

same time.' It does not make much

difference what you decide on doing,

only make a success of it and do it a

little better than someone else and the

world will soon know it.



A large corporation recently adver-

tised for an expert in a certain line at





$2,500 per year but received no reply.

They then advertised for a man that

eculd do several‘things, including the

job they wanted the expert for, at $40





'per month andaithey received over a





dozen applications.



Success in; any vocation comes to

those who put energy and work into it

and remember:





’Tis the coward who quits to misfor-

tune,

’Tis the knave who changes each





day.

'Tis the fool who wins half the battle,

Then throws all his chances away.





There is little in life but labor,

And tomorrow may find that a

dream;

Success is the bride of Endeavor,

And luck‘—-but a meteor’s gleam.





The time to succeed is when others,

Discouraged, show traces of tire;

The battle is fought on the home





stretch-—

And won—’twixt the flag and the

wire.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 





STATE GRANGE OFFICERS.





Master—John C. Ketcham, Rustin s:

Overseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecumse.

iLecturer—-Dora H. Stockman, Lan-

e ng



Secretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor.



Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson.



Executive Committee—C. 8. Bart-

lett, Pontiac; Geo. B. Horton. Fruit

Ridge; J. W. Hutchins, Hanover; W.-

F. Taylor, Shelby; Wm. H. Welsh,

Sault Ste. Marie; N. P. Hull, Dlmon-

dale; Burr Lincoln, Harbor Beach.





 





GRATIOT COUNTY POMONA MEET-

ING.





 





Gratiot County Pomona Grange met

with Pleasant Valley Grange on August

12. The morning dawned bright and

pleasant and a goodly number from

different parts of the county were in

attendance. A short business session

was held in the forenoon, after which

an excellent dinner was served by the

Pleasant Valley Aid Society. The pub—

lic exercises of the day were opened

with recitations by Doris Muscott and

Ruth Edmunds.



Grant M. Morse, of Portland. then

spoke on “Conservation of Our Natural

Resources.” This was a plea for the

protection of the birds, fish, timber

and other natural resources of Michi-

gan. A song by Pleasant Valley Grange

and music by Mr. and Mrs. Converse

and son, were greatly enjoyed.



We then listened to a short and to-

the-point paper by Mrs. Nichols, of

Riverdale, whose subject was “In what

way are we not an ideal nation ?” Be-

cause of the evils we tolerate and be-

cause woman is not given her rightful

place in politics.



Mrs. Dora Stockman, of. Lansing,

speaker of the day, now arrived and

was given a most hearty welcome.

Having only a short time to be with us

she was given the floor and gave a stir-

ring address in which, among other

things, she said the Grange should

have four wheels, economy, efficiency-



Along the lines of economy and elli-

ciency she spoke of securing better

marketing facilities that the farmer

may get more for producing the pro-

duct and not the middleman so much

more in proportion for the selling of it.



The farmer should take more time

for recreation, and'mix in lots of fun

with the hard work on the farm which

will tend to keep the boys and girls on

the farm.



The Grange should have a good

steering wheel, which means good lead-

ers, and a body large enough to take

everybody along with us will provide

for the success of the Grange in the

future.



Mr. Converse sang, “I Am Just as

Young as I Used to be,” in a most

pleasing manner and responded to an

encore by telling a little story.



B. F. Muscott gave some good points

on “Preparedness" of many kinds,

such as tiling of land and the thorough

preparation of soil before planting the

seed.



The program closed with a dialogue

given by Pleasant Valley Grange, “The

Golden Wedding,” which was greatly

enjoyed by the audience.



The November meeting will be held

at Riverdale and the outlook is for a

large and interesting meeting. .





AMONG THE LIVE GRANGES.





 





Children’s Day.—Plymouth Grange

met August 4 for an all-day meeting,

especially for the children. At noon

about 50 children marched down to the

dining—room and were served an excel-

lent dinner. This was the annual

meeting for the children. The enter-

tainment which was given by them,

consisted of songs, instrumental music

and recitations, and was presented in

a very creditable manner. It was en-

joyed by old as well as young. The

children’s day meeting makes them

feel as if they had a part to perform to

help make life worth living, and the

old made young again. There were

about 100 members present.





 

 





 





 





 





sender .

Mr. Edison’s Book

telling how the wasted





power of your gasoline

engine will furnish elec-

tricity to light your house

and barns.





m -

Reed Mr. Edison's own words:

men '





 





   





WW3

l:

93'

s

r

i.

Q

i





Electric Light Plant





The Edison plant is so compact that you

can put it anywhere in your cellar or

barn. Because your gas engine gene-

rates the power at the same time you are

using it to pump water. grind feed. etc .

the operating cost is almost ,

nothing. Just belt the en-

gine to the equipment, have

your local electrician put

in the wiring-the Edison

Battery does the rest. Mr. ,1.

icon has made these bat- .

tenes‘the most dependable “

i nthe world. He worked

on them night and day for

years. If you could see the "

wood 11! operations in his bag factory.

you would recognize their reliability.

Mr. Edison’ 9 Book tells you all about this

wonderful lighting system. . Read it and

learn how simple and easy 1t is to have

bright, safe electric light in your house

and bams,no matter where you_live. Send

for the Book today. Just mail coupon.





EDISON STORAGE BATTERY CO.

237 Lakeside Ave.. Ornate, N. J,





 





 





Edison Storage Battery Co. HOnnce.NJ





 





 





Please send "Book lax telling .11 about

Edison Electric Light Plants for the Home.

ho

.A-wllflfla r-

n. F. D ..





 





kmmmm





 





 





Use Your Auto

for Belt Power





HELPING HENRY IS a simple device



which can be attached to your

automobile in less than ten seconds.

Gives the cheapest belt power in the

world—takes the place of an expensive





rtablegasen ine. Gves ourc rand

f0 warthanntghe smooltheszroadgbed. m





HELPING HENRY





Write for booklet which tells how mecca-

fully Hel pin Henry 0 rates all small ma-

cluneryand owitwil save on

time and money. 30 (In

. Write at once— DA Y.





IIITOI’OIEI 00.





 





 

 

   

   

   





 





 





 





NOW





isthe time to have that

Fur Coat, Fur

lined Coal

and Robe





fixed up for the comin

season. You run no risE

in sending your work to





flu llinlfiold Babe 1! “Tanning Ge.





one-.16 Mi c him

Free price list for the asking





. 4 Empire. “E“ mlbe





that's the cost per year on basis of ID-





 





 





eeton youv we at

risk. Write torcstalog and p53. 0-





Imolre mg. 01»..onng Quincy.“





WANTED—~AN [Dilzll'i‘ggfifi‘t‘é‘kmfpw





yofiu- ideas they ms to for

Needed Inventions' 0w to get Your Patent



and Your Mono. " RANDOLPH a 00.



ATTORNEYS, EPT. 87, WASHINGTON. I). O





PATENTS Terlidk.‘ Protect and Pay





sketch or Model for search

BOOKS AND ADVICE F R E E

Wilson I. ColemsmPatent Lawyer.wuhlnflm. D. 0.





Wanted Married Man





totako ohm. of small dairv ram near Detroit. on.

who understands moral farming. care of

mflkln-.oto.ll.boench,158Jeler-on Ava, Detroit





um m Ilelllul Fm when with: nudism
" 1- aying...





T has frequently been said that a

reliable standard by which to judge

the laying capacity of fowls, would



be most welcome. '



Many have scoffed at the idea that



* the width of certain bones, the location

of certain bones, with respect to each

other, or in other words, the “Hogan”

system, should be a reliable means of

selecting laying hens or aid in judging

the laying capacity of fowls. Lately,

however, reliable information appears

to come‘ close to substantiating this

method. Lexpect to later report more

definitely in regard to this.



What we want is a reliable standard

by which to- judge the laying capacity

of fowls. At present it is needless to

say, we have no such standard. How-

ever, work is now in progress at the

Cornell University Poultry Department

which is certainly leading in that di-

rection. They have already paved the

way for such a standard, by some of

the following interesting facts estab-

lished by thorough and reliable experi-

ments. What we need, is more, just





paelty 0.





can well be considered good layers,





and undoubtedly deserve place in the ,





breeding pen. This fact makes it pos-

sible to use the trap nest for a few

months, and thus make it possible to

select the good or best layers without

going to .the heavy expense of trap-

nesting for a whole year.



Perhaps one of the safest and most

reliable ways of judging the laying ca-

pacity of a fowl, is by trap-nesting for

two years. The first year’s production

is very reliable as an indication of the

productiveness of an individual. How-

ever in a few cases individuals, though

low producers the first year, make

good records the second year. These

cases, however, are not very frequent.

Sometimes it also happens that high

producers the,first year make a poor

showing the second year, these also

are exceptional cases. No doubt when

possible it is advisable to get the aver-

age production for the first two years.

The first two years’ production-is a

better standard for the judging for the

laying capacity of a ’fowl, than either





 





 





Making Good Use of the Land About the Colony Houses.





such work. It is work that cannot help

but do an infinitely great amount of

good.



The Indications of‘a Good Layer.



By careful experimentation, but with-

out yet having been subjected to the

breed test, the following standards of

measurement for judging the laying ca-

pacity of fowls were established:



The pullet commencing to lay early,

shows a natural tendency towards egg

production. She is a better layer than

those commencing to lay very late. In

other words, a Leghorn pullet begin-

ning to lay at the age of six months, is

a much better layer, than one begin-

ning to produce at the age of eight

months. Even those beginning to lay

at seven months appear to be better

layers than those commencing to lay

at eight months. According to their

experiments the average difference in

production between a six and eight

'months beginning to lay pullet was 25

eggs in favor of the early layer per

year.



The individuals with the highest egg

production up to March 1, are consid-

ered the best layers, especially when

this standard can be employed, upon

pullets hatched at the same time. By

this it apparently appears clear, that

in selecting and breeding for egg pro-

duction it is good practice to place in-

dividuals laying regularly during No-

vember, December, January and Feb-

ruary in the breeding pen. The No-

vember, December and January layers

unquestionably are the ones you want.

in your breeding pen, if you are breed-

ing for'increased egg production. Not

only will these lay the largest number

of eggs in a year, but they lay them at

a time of the year when one egg is

worth two in the spring and summer.

The winter egg production is a fac-

tor we should keep in mind when

_ breeding for egg production.



Early Layers Best.

,«Another very reliable standard by

which to judge the laying capacity of

fowls is the productivity up to ten

' .4 months of age. Pullets laying well dur-

, ing thefirst ten months of their age,





the first or second year’s production

alone. I, however, doubt the advisa-

bility of doing this on account of the

heavy expense.



The Use of the Trap-nest.



The farmer, no doubt, cannot afford

to trap-nest his layers for two years.

It is too expensive. He Can, however,

bear in mind the few facts brought out

in this article by which he can judge

the laying capacity of an individual.

He can use this information to ad-

vantage.



The professional poultryman, I be-

lieve, can well afford to trap-nest his

layers for at least one year, and to

pedigree hatch his chicks, and, in turn,

trap-nest these. This will enable him

to select the reproducers of high pro-

ducers; and that, in reality, is what

we want.



I should, however, make this state-

ment; that the hen laying the largest

number of eggs, is not always the most

profitable. The lien that produces a

dozen of eggs at the lowest possible

cost, and produces at least a fair num-

ber during the fall and winter, when

eggs are high in price, is the most

preferable.





New York. F. W. KAZMEIER.





A HEN THAT CROWED.





It is reported that the government

hen which crowed has come to an un-

timely end. This Buff Orpington hen,

hatched at the government experiment-

al farm at Beltsville, Md., got herself

into prominence by laying 110 eggs in

her pullet year and then beginning to

molt in August. Following the molt

she began to develop the secondary

sexual characters of the male; the tail

feathers changed in appearance, the

comb increased in size, the head came

to look more like that of a cock, and

the legs took on the redness charac-

teristic of the male Buff Orpington.

She was observed to crow several

times; she occasionally visited the nest





but never laid an egg. Later shewas ,





killed and dissection showed a large tu-

mor which caused this change.





 





hens want to lay.





nest—insures profits for you.





ages, pails and sacks.

does not have Pratts, write.

Chicken lice just naturally hate





3 0 Write today I r 66

Poultry Boolzzl"'l?£'2.."c





PRATT FOOD COMPANY

Philadelphia Chicago





 





Egg prices are rising—will soon reach the hi

eggs pay big profits, but you can't get them by wishingrfor them. Actl

Have your hens laying well when eggs mean money.



At this time every bird in your flock needs ‘\





Pratts Poultry Regulator





the Guaranteed Poultry Tonic and Condilioner.

It tones them 11





—stirs up the sluggish egg-producing organs~drives the hens to the





Pratt: Poultry Regulator will keep your old hens laying steadily

until they molt, then shorten the molt and hurry them back to work. It

Will push your pullets to early maturity, start them laying sooner than

usual and keep them at it all winter.





0 , o o . o 0

America 3 original poultry conditioner—imitated but never

equalled. Small in cost—grearin results.





where on a money-back guarantee to satisfy you.

Refuse imitations.





Lice Killer. Try it and you willdsee why!





Toronto





 

 

 





 





 





 





gh point of the year. Winter





 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





_ A natural egg-maker—makes

p—mcreases appetite—assists digestion





Sold by dealers every-

In pack-

If your dealer





Pratt: Powdered





 





 





 





Ferris White

Leghorns for Eggs





Compare Ferris Leghorns with

ordinary hens and you will under-

stand why so many thousands of

poultry keepers have Ferris White

Leghorns exclusively. Order a.

small pen from trapnested hens

with records of over 200 eggs.

Keep arecord of the eggs they lay this fall

and winter compared with your present flock.

Next spring you will know that 16 years' care-

ful breeding has produced hens that will aver-

age close to 200 eggs a year with ordinary care.





Pens of this 200 egg quality will cost as follows:





 





l cockerel. 2ihens or pullers - 89.00

1 cockerel, 4 hens or pullers - 13.50

1 cockerel, 8 hens or pullets - 22.50

1 cockerel, 12 hens or pullers - 30.00

2 cockerels, 25 hens or pullers - 60.00





3 cockerols, 50 hens or pullets - 112.00

6 cockerels, 100 hens or pullets - 210.00





These pens are properly mated. The cockerols





are early hatched. the hens nrc‘ laying and the pullcts are

ready to lay. Prices quoted urt- for September only, to re-

ducc flock before placing in Winli‘r(punters. Regularpriccs

are 2.5 % higher. See pngc 8 of our catalog for particulars,





or order direct from this ad.



All stock is Shipped on approval. You can return

within three days nny birds not satisfactory and money

will be refunded. We guarantee safe arrival any distance.

(We will ship C. 0. I). if you want to see the birds before

paying for them. Send only $1.50 for a pen of five and 20

cents each for large numbers to guarantee express charges.)



Free 32-pin catalog gives more information than

is possible in this ad. Contains photos showing 35 nun-s of

White Imghorns; describes our methods of feed and care:

how we improve laying qualities; list of winnings at 20 big





shows; many letters from customers: prices of exhibition,

breeding and laying stock, eggs for hatching and day-old

chicks. Evvn if you are not now in the market for stock we





will be glad to send you a copy. Mail a postal now while





you have the matter in mind.





GEORGE B. FERRIS





Ferris Leghorn Form

934 Union Grand Rapids. Mich.





 





 





 





 





LLION VERMIN PROOF PERCH Farm, Willis

Mien. their Hollow Self-filling Kerosene oil

soaked Boosts are sure death to Lice. Mites, Vermin. Circular.





POULTRY.

BARRED Rooks Parks 200 Eg





2909 .a ear—$1.50 er15

g red’Aotling. p





 





 





Strain with records to

elivered. lay Parcel





post. Cons tantlne, Mlc .





Cock birds, hens. Four pullets

Barr'd Rock [183. laid 950 eggs in one year.

W. C. COFFHAN. BENTON HARBOR. MICE.





GET YOU 0IDER IN EARLY FOR





Cookerels from Cousins Northern King Strain Barred

Rocks. Write David W. Cousins, North Port. Mich.





 





 





Exculsively. Nowis the time to buy

all" lllhflms are bred stock at a big reduction in

price. Dr. Wil iam A. Smith. Petersburg, Michigan





 





JOHN'S Big Beautiful Barred Rocks are all hen-

hatchcd. developed quick, good layers. each $3: pair 85:;sold

John Northon, Clare: Mich.





on approval. Circulars. photos.





 





FOR SAL Purebred S. 0. Bull” Leghorns

and white Plymouth Rock cock-

erels. Kletzlen & Webster, Bath, Mich.





 





I Prices reduced one



g8 . half, balanCe of Reas-



l.50 for 30. $2 for 50. $3.50

Hartford. Mich.





Fowlors’ Buff lie





on. Utility eggs 5.75 for 15,

for 100. R. B. FOWLER.





Breeding Cockerels





White. Brown, Bull" and Black Leghorn, Barred

Rocks. Rhode Island Reds. Prices Reasonable.

Sunnybrook Poultry Forms, Hillsdale. Michigan.

unpluatous . -White, Single-Comb Keller-



I stress 8 wks. old chix Cockerels





75o. . pullets 31. up. M.E. THOMPSON , Red ford. Mich





 





 





Pine Crest, S. 0. White Orfingtons. BargainA year-

ling hens and cook, $8. 12 and 315. Just one half

what. they .WIII cost. next sfiri . MRS. WILLIS

HOUGH, Pine Crest Form, oy Oak, Michigan.





300 II. I. BE!) IIEIIS. fil‘iéfigriifii‘esgfi’ighifififi?

role and busy Rure bre R. I. Redsl

NTERLAKE F RM.BOX 39.LAWRENCE,MICH.





 





 





one and Single comb Reds. young and old. for sale.

Correspondence as to your Red needs invited.

JENNIE BUQLL. Ann Arbor, R18, Michigan.





Rose Comb Brown Leghbrns

Kulp and'Gale strains 82.50fir 100 Cookers]:





 





 





RHODB ISLAND REDS and PLYMOU TH ROCKS.

Males 5 to 12 lbs. according to 35032 to 85: P. R. hone

weight 5 to 10 lbs., eggs 15 for S .00: 1 , ; ,

Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys. 8 to 38 lbs. according

to one 36 to $25. 10 eggs $3. A. E. Cramton, Vassar. Mich.





reduced prices, balance of sea.-

8. 3. HaIIIIIIIIg [East-ion. Free delivery. R.C. white

Leghorn hens 31.00, e] um Hare Bucks 85.00with

Pe igree. RIVERVI W FARM, Vassar. Mich.





ILVER GOLDEN AND WHITE WYANDOTTES.

Eggs from all mattings, 1.50 per 15, $2.50 per 30 until

July lot. 0. W. Browning, R. 2. Portland. Mich.





MEDWFMW Mic“. %?%ke€;i550,¥ iiiflidli' ‘3'





lAY, 202 Forest Ave., psilanti, Michigan.





wflITE WYANDOTTES Eggs $1.60 per 15. $2.50

get 30. $7.00 per 100. From ch ice stock.

A. F ANKLIN SMITH, Ann Ar or. Michigan.





 





 





 





 





DOGS

COON. SKUNK,





FOX, AND RABBIT HOUNDS





Broke to gun and field. and guaran teed.Fox,coon & rab-

bit hound pups, from the best. of stock-$5.00 each.

Stamp for photos. H. C. Lytle. FredericksburgOhio.



PURE BRED SCOTCH COLLIE PUPS Belgian





Hammond R. and S. C. R. I Reds for sale. ood unl-

itY. prices reasonable. 0. E. Huwley. Ludington. llgich.





Skunk and Rat bit do .

Fox Hounds M l" 3388. 500 Ferrets, send)2cstamg;.

W. E. LECKY. Holmenvllle, Ohio





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.





Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us

Ten Days before date of publication.





CATTLE.





ABERDEEN ANGUS





We have a. choice lot of Bull .Calves, that are Ste 12

months old and another cro coming. I will be

pleased to have you visit. our arm, where we haven

stock show 'every day; we will also have a show herd

at the Michigan State Fair. U. L. C ,

Hunters Creek, Mich. SIDNEY SMITH, Manager.





ABERDEEN-ANGUS





ERD ESTABLISHED IN .1900.

TROJAN - ERICAS and BLACKBIRDS only.

Also breeders of Percheron. Hackney and Saddle





orseo.

WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.





‘Yflsflmis—One of the foremost dsir breeds The

most economical milk to ucere. Calve-

Ior sale. White eghorn cookers s; Duroo Jersey

swing, Michigan School for the Deaf. Flint.Miohigsn,





VILLAGE FARMS, Incorporated

Grass Lake, Michigan,





GUERNSEY CATTLE

BERKSHIRE HO'GS





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Reg. Guernsey Bulls. serviceable ago. great grand

sons of Gov. Cherie, also grade Guernsey and Jersey heifers

6 win old 820 each. Avondale Stock Farm. Wayne. Mich





of service age and calves from

Guernsey Bulls choice. Adv. reg. breedilpg.





T. V. HICKS. Route I. Battle Ceeek, Mic .





 





 





(‘1 uernseyiMay R088) Bull for sale, born Se 1:. 5. 1913.

I Splendid animal in every respect, Dam 520 lbs. fat

class . J. K. Blatchford. Auditorium Tower, Chic-go, Ill.





MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANGEVINE





BEACH FARM

G UERNSEYS





Average yearly production 422.3 lbs. of fat, three

fourths of them making their records as two year

olds. By the use of a. pure bred sue. a. big im-

provement ‘can soon be attained if the right

selection is made. The breeding of , the Beach

Farm Herd is as good as can be found, .and we

guarantee them to be free from contagious dis-

eases and to be satisfactor in every way or-

ganey refunded. Write an let us tell you about

em.





CAMPBELL 8 ANGEVINE,





 





 





woeaoh. CLAUDIA a . .n 'nle. Mich."





 





Coldtuter. Michigan. .. .





 

 





 





.rr < ~—





’ . -ne' ‘w‘.





 





 

 

 





   

   





 

 

   





 





 





 





u .‘

if.
‘J





J swu- ‘





’I- aw -'





 





 





.2 4...!" xx





 





‘i! 1 HM“





CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.





 





Rheumatism—Garget.—Have a cow

that freshened October 29, which has

been stiff and seemingly rheumatic all

summer. I also have another cow that

has a mild attack of garget, but her

udder is not in very good condition. C.

E. G., Kalamazoo, Mich—Give your

cow a teaspoonful of powdered nitrate

of potash at a dose once a day. Give

your other cow a teaspoonful of hypo-

sulphite of soda in feed or water twice

a day. It is possible that the milk be-

comes loaded with bacteria after it is

milked. Thorough cleanliness at milk-

ing time and the care of milk after-

ward will doubtless improve the condi-

tion of' milk.





Cows Cough-Some of my cows are

inclined to cough and a few of them

are growing worse, but all of them are

in good condition. R. A. W., Akron,

Mich—Mix together equal parts pow-

dered licorice, ginger, bicarbonate of

soda, ground gentian and give them a

tablespoonful or two at a dose in feed

twice a day.





Inflammation of Bowels.—I am anx-

ious to know what caused the death of

my two calves. I first noticed them

dumpish, refused to eat and would

wabble when obliged to walk. First

they were constipated, but later had

scours. I might add that one of them

drank milk 12 hours before it died. F.

B., Manton, Mich.—Doubtless your

calves died the result of inflammation

of the bowels following constipation,

scours and later an inflammation of

the mucus membranes of the bowels.

You failed to state the age of your

calves; however, they were perhaps

both incurable cases. By more careful

feeding you will doubtless be able to

prevent others getting sick. Further-

more, I would suggest that you clean

and thoroughly disinfect your calf sta-

ble, or else you may expect just such

results.



Nodular Disease—Some time ago we

had a flock of 50 sheep; they were all

in good condition until a week ago

when we found one dead; after that

day they kept dying until now we have

only 40 left. The only symptoms I can

give you are there: The sheep act

sick for a day or two, then become

very thirsty, then drink lots of water

and die. J. D., Dowagiac, Mich.—

Mix together equal parts of salt, cook-

ing soda, powdered charcoal and

ground gentian and give each ewe or

full grown sheep a teaspoonful at a

dose once or twice a day.





Rheumatism.——I have a five-year-old

marethat started to give milk about

eight weeks ago and for one week she

was quite stiff in one hind leg, unable

to lift foot off the floor. Whatever the

soreness was, it appeared to shift from

one leg to the other about every 24

hours. Her legs are swollen. This

mare has never had a. colt and is not

with foal. F. M. W., Gaylord, Mich.—

Give your mare 1 dr. of powdered sul-

phate iron, 1 dr. ground nux vomica

and 1 dr. acetate of potash at a dose

in feed three times a day. Hand-rub

swollen legs, bandage them in cotton,

leaving bandages on for a few hours

every day, and be sure that she has

exbercise, either by allowing her to run

on grass or walking her.





Hernia—Piles.———I have a bunch of

shoats ranging in weight from 60 to 80

poundsveach; when one of them was

castrated a bunch appeared which is

perhaps a rupture and two of the oth-

ers are troubled with piles. E. K.,

Mendon, Mich—I am inclined to be-

lieve that if the hernia is producing no

pain, you had better leave him alone

until it does, then there would be time

enough to treat the case surgically,

which is not a difficult operation and

usually successful. Dissolve 1 oz. of

sugar of lead, 1 oz. of powdered alum

and 1 oz. of tannic acid in three pints





of clean water and apply to piles twice





a day. In many cases piles can only be

relieved or remedied by a. surgical op‘

eration.





Indigestion—I have three young

horses which I have fed corn, oats and

mixed hay; they have done hard work

all summer up to four weeks ago;

since then they have done very little

work. However, they fail to lay on

flesh. S. B., Plainwell, Mich—It is

possible that their grinder teeth re-

quire floating and if you do it yourself,

don’t file off too much of the teeth,

only remove the sharp cutting points

off outside of upper grinders and in-

side of lower rows. Mix together equal

parts of cooking soda, salt, ginger, gen-

tian and charcoal; give each of them

two tablespoonfuls at a dose in feed

two orthree times a day. >





 

 





 

 

 





 





 





30a Pauline Sfiotswood.

l can buy him. J. . Williams. Re. Adams. Michigan





flerefords—One Bull Cali.

ALLIN BROS. PAW PAW. MIC".





HEEIEFORDS : 4‘€.‘il‘§a





I. C. McCAIl‘l'Y. Bad Axe. Michigan.





uernsey Bulls sold three last 10 da ——0ne loft Gr.

He is a Rarity—and you





 





 





 





W A N T E D: l.?i.§..‘§’?.‘le§§e'?§3$





dition and price. W. H. Wade. GrandJunction.Mich.





Do You Want A Bull?





Ready For Service.





From a grand daughter of The King of tho

routines. Sired by a bull that is more than a half

brother to the Champion Holstein Cost of the

World. and whose dam is no lb. 6% I fat da tor

of Pontiac Aggie Korndyke who has more lb.

daughters than any other living bull. If you do

write for igree.





EDWIN S. LEWIS, Marshall. Mich.





HOLSTEIN BULLS FOR SALE





3 of them 1 year old in Nov.‘ By 31 lb. sire. Dams



above 21 lbs. as heifers. Price $100. Younger bulls



by son of Johanna McKinley Segis $50. up.

BLISSVILDT FARMS. Jenison, Mich!“-





FOR SALE





SOME VERY m YOUNG BULLS

Whose sires have as high as 81 lbs. of butter behind

them. As they are young. will make a low rice on

them. BIGELOW'B KOLSTEIN AIMS.



BREEDIVILLF. KICK.





 





 





 





Also some good farmer's boars. _ This is the best





‘Poeial Offering 033‘sh0533bmmflfimm‘“





 





M and individual” go“

e beet. ‘

lot of fall pigs we have ever had to offer. A cor-





dial invitation is extended to visit the farm andinspect the stock. If you wish one of the best

young Jersey bulls in Michigan we have him for sale. For further particulars. address.





Breakwater F arm, Swine Dept, Ann Arbor, Mich.





 





F s l Jersey Bull Calf. Choice breeding such as

.l' . . Golden Fern's Ladd Golden Jolly male side

Rogis family mother's side. Calf is now 3 weeks old.

ted and delivered at stat]. n





875 takes him era _

D. Ogden, Mount Pleasant Farm, South Haven. Mich.





 





O





 





 





BIDWELL SI'IOR'I‘I'IORNS





lo: "Beef and Milk"

Registered b ul 1 s.

Scotch - togfed roans,

reds andw to for sale.

Farm at N.Y.C. Depot;

also D. '1‘. t I. R'y.



Addrusl.l.8:hrelor In.





IIDWIIJ. STOCK [All

Box 3. Tecumseh. lich.





 





 





 





Albion Stamp 352870





 





Shel-thorn Callie oi both Sex lor Sale





W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.





 





um um shares ”ia‘P°‘°°.:m:s.’:“"

‘1 men 0 or Ia . p .

J. B. BUI‘HELL. MA SON. MICHIGAN.





 





OB Bale—Reg. Short Horn Bulls b Maxwalton

Monarch 2nd.a son of Avondalo. from to 10 mos.old

John Schmidt. Reed City. R. No. 5.. Michigan.





 





Slllllllfllllll 00'! Fill Ill! : ”3.595..“

I. 3. station. llaie. K. B. PETERS. Car and. Mich.





 





HOIBTEINS,a'nice straight deep bodiedblcckybuilt

bull calf.l born Oct. 5th. 1915. His 7 nearest dams

have A. R. (l. records that aver butter 7 days 23.8

lbs.. milk 533.33 lbs. W. B. BEA EB. Howell. Mich.





 





30 lb bull for sale, 2 years old. by a son of King of

- the Pontiacs. Dam sold for 31000 in roit sale.

Ferd. J. Lange. Sober Mich.





 





1 Have Holstein BHHS, 3.33% ‘E’le‘ér'h‘lcfla'





 





I can show breeding, records. individuality and like.

tlve prices. L. E. CONNELL. Fayette, Ohio.





“10 P N ("C II ” llolsieins





By careful retention, for many years, of largest? ro~

(lucing females, and use of superior sires, a bree ing

herd of‘wonderful quailtv has been established. We

are selling young bullso this“'l 0P NOTCH"quality.

of serviceable age. at moderate ricee. Information,

pedigrees,etc., on application. cPHERSON FARMS

00., Howell, Michigan.





FOR SALE Two Holstein Bull Calves





6 months old from ‘1) lb. dams.

FREEI AN J. FISHBECK. Howell. Michigan.





 





 





 





Grade up your herd with one of our Holstein bulls.

Their six nearest dams on the site's side average

24 lb butter in 7 do. The semi-official yearly records

of three of these dams, including two two-year old

heifers, average 842 lb. of butter and 18.0001b. of milk.

Six tonine months of age and from A. R. 0. dams.

Peaceland Stock Farm, Three Rivers.‘Mich. Chas.

Peters. Herdsman. C. L. Brody,0wner.l’ori Huron,hiich.





‘ cow and her heifer calf.

lefllSlel'ell “OlSlein Cow was born Sept. 21.

1911. made 14.32 lbs. of butter in 7 days at 28 months

old. She is half sister to 3 cows with records of 30 lbs.

to 393%} lbs., and 17 others from 201bs. to 26 lbs. Her

dam made 27.16 lbs. of butter in 7 days. The sire of

the calf has a 32 lb. dam and 32 A. R. 0. daughters, 8

with records of 30 lbs. to 36 lbs. ’ 12 others from 20 lbs.

toZSlbs. of butter in 7 days. 8950 for both delivered,

safe arrival guaranteed. Write for pedigree.

HOBART Y HASON. MICK.





 





I v





 





HOICE HOLSTEIN BULLS—all from A.R.O.dams



Entire herd on Semi of. test for yearly work. Jr.

2-yr.-old just finished year's record of over 15.000 lbs.

milk.over 1000 lbs. butter record in mature class.Cheri-y

Creek Stock Furin. M.E. Parmelle, Prop., Hilliard-,Mich.





Imilk per day Pontiac Knrndyke and Hengerveld





Re Holstein Bull Calf. linear-est dams average 901b

Degol breeding.Prices right. John A. Rinks, Warren.Mich





 





Holstein Calves. 10 heifers, and 2bulls IS-ldths pure.

5 weeks old, beautifully marked.320.00 each. crated





for shipment anywhere. Edgewood Fam,Whliewaier,Wis





FIRST $ 1 00 CHECK





Gets 15 month old. Handsome Throughorbred Holstein

Bull. World record ire. Dam % lb. 3 year old. Have

three as good, same age. C.E.Winters, Augusthich





 





 





$50 gets a 15-16 white 2 mo. Hazel-let grandson



of Magecrcst'DeKol Parthenon and Pon-

tiac Maid 30.2 lb. am Triplet shown at State Fair1913.

Her dam A. R. 0. sister to dam‘of Pontiac DeNijlander

35.43 lb. M. L. McLAULIN, REDFORD. MICE,





 





 





ONLY $50 DELIVERED: 3323?? 335%???

sire 25 lb. butter bull- dam 15.39 lbs. A. R. 0. Large

and heavily boned. ROUGEMONT FARMS. Detroit.





 





' ' Youn bull ready for service.

I'mlor.‘ "allelnS. 30 lb. reeding. Satisfaction

guaranteed. W. B. Jones and J. F. Lutz, Cohoctah, Mich.





 





illle Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R.

of M. Cows. also heifer calves and several bred

heifers for sale. Colon C. Lillie, Coopersville. Mich.





from hi - reducing damnwith

hm! lullslor Sale manila... mo... .1... ..

semi-official test. 0. B. Wehner, R. 6. Allegan. Mich





TIE WILDWOOI) JERSEY FARM





odors for sale choice young Bulls by Majesty‘s Won-

der and R. of . rows, or cows on B. of .tests.

Will also ofl'er a few cows for sale this fall. Write for

pedigree and full particulars. Satisfaction aran‘

teed. ALVIN BALDIN. CAPAC. ICH.





' ' A 10 mos. old. solid color bull now

lllllflde F.m 1'". offered for sale. Dam is a R. of M.

cow with record of 546 bl. of better as a 3 yr. old. He is a

fine individual. Price right. C. to. Beaks, Ypsilanti. Mich.





 





" I L R. of M. JERSEY HERD offers for sale.



a! . Illa tuberculin tested cows, heifers, bulls,

an bull calves backed by several generations of R.

of M. breeding. mm '0 Allegan. llehigan.





Jerseys For Sale 3"”





calves

readyforeervice andcewsandheifussoonton'eshea_

leadawiand Farm. Waterman. Water-an. Ann Arher. “bk.





uranium mm mu: m or:





1 yearling. and Bull calves from 8 to 10 months

. cows. Write your wants





 





8“ ”h AND POLLED DURHAMB FOR SALE.

. 0"! Have red roan and white. Have over 100

head in herd. C. Carlson, Leroy. Mich.





8.3”“ -Dairy or beef bred. Breeding stock all

on“ ages for sale at farmers prices. C. W. Crum

Sees. Ont. lich. Shel-thorn Breeders‘ Asgn.. loll-ids. lick





 





Y

' Shorthorn Cattle.youn bulls and heifers

n.9'l."d $100.00.bred cows and he ers8150.(l). Write.

. J. BELL. BOSE CITY. MICHIGAN.





 





M'lk' Shorthorns. roan 3 year old, Bates bred herd

l "l bull 3250. Young . bulls and heifers.

DAV! SON & HALL. T CUMSEH. MICHIGAN.





suo'nrnomvs ran SALE





8 Bulls. also females. W. B. McQuillan, Howell, Mich.





Hod Pollod Mlle. 3.“? We. £32.12?“ M

John Berner and Son. Grand Ledge, Mich,





H008.





 





 





 





 





' of best breeding,of various ages.either

Berksnlres sex, all registered stock, no akin.

“ecial reduced price. Write your wants quick.



ltchell’s LakesidoFarms. 8.2, Bloomingdale, Mich.





SWIGARTDALE FARM





HOLSTEIN S.

Several choice Bull Calves, from A. R. O. Dams. with

the best of Long Distance backing at Farmers' prices.





BERKSHIRES





with size. breedin . and individuality that is hard to

beat.’;See our exh bit at the State Fair. Prices reas-

onable; satisfaction guaranteed.





Swigartdale Farm, Petersburg, Mich.

The Very Finest Berkshire Pigs Cheap





C. 8. BARTLETT, Propr. Pontiac. Michigan





 





 





erkshires. I have 6 choice fall gilts bred for Sept.

farmwing at each for immediate delivery.

A. A. PATTULLO. R. 4. Deckerville Mich.





BERKSHIRE Bow and yearling gilt bred to furrow

early in Se itember. Boars ready for service. Also

open gilts. C use Stock Farm. R. 1, Mariette, Mich.





 





ROYALTON Bred Berkshires. Extraordinary offer.

Bred sows. boars ready for service and pigs both

sexes. selling out, all registered stock with papers.

D. P. VALENTINE. Supt., Temperance, Mich.





DUROC JERSEYS





A choice lot of spring pigs, both sex, pairs and tries,

not akin. Prices reasonable. Send for pedigrees.

THE JENNINO'S FARMS. R. F. D.l. Bailey. Mich,





Lil. KEEIEY, Eris. Mich. fililiiaf‘élié’é‘eiifl’iilffé





Swine. I). M. & '1'. local from Monroe or Toledo. chucy Stop.





 





 





 





Booking orders for fall pigs at wean-

nur'oc 1"" in time. also spring boars ready for

sex-Vice. J. OBE ’1‘ HICKS. St. Johns, Mich.





 





Two June 1915; 12 A ril' 1916.

lliirot JCLS.’ no”: Write for descri tion.pI guar-

antee satisfaction. J .H. Banghart, East flaming. Mich.





 





uroc Jerseys. Some yearling & Spring boars 00d

Denougsh to head yourherd. will sell Eureka Cli‘erry

King 671 . Ask about him. W. C. Taylor, MilanJlich,





 





”In: JWSC’S-r‘” and spring pigs either sex. from





 





ring and Burn er Boers and

Duroc Jersey slim. Ohio calla? breed! no

to 826. NEWTON BARNHART. St. Johns. .





 





Duroc Jersey Boers 0ft!” 1“”- ““00“





big boned ty .

E. D. Heydenberk. Wayland. Mich n.





CHESTER IllllES mar-m 2‘ if?" ”d"





I. w. til min. Vassar. Mica.





 





Rais'eChesterWhites. 3

Like This"





Tthe original big producers"

.0,





 





HAVEstai-tedtbousanaolhreedarsentheroadto

success. Icanhelpyou. Iwantte aeem from

my great herd in every ml? whg not





new “ma“: scar... firms;

6. B. unusual. I. I. D. w W m





 





 





I

Big Type Bears:

ready for service Bred Gilts—Fall

Pigs. Registered in buyers name.

shipped 0. O. D. Prices very reason-

able. J. Carl Jewett, Mason, Mich.





 





 





 





i ii

ll . Will" H

:: ll lg“ 01

ll iimldlollotuniivmlm II

n i . , ’ "

I e ...



I





 





Ill-Maids farm‘r . '

Grand Ledge. Mich.





   





. 9





 





n I c s ‘ —A nice lot of airing pigs. Write

. ' "lilo your wants. .\ endow View Stock

Farm, Holland. Michigan. it. It. No. 5.





 





400 Big Type 0. l. c. and Chesler While Pig:





From .F'eb. Mar. and Apr. inn-ow sired by the five best

boars in the state. School Master 52707 who won more

champiops. defeated more champions than any boar

show 191:). bc‘ziid, sire to our undefeated breeders

$11115; herd at 'I state fairs. Allen junior champion“



is. State fair 1914. and Captain Jim 83161, under I

months boar and Junior chain ion at eve state fair

show 1915. Then we have Le oug mod 29015 first

in class at Sioux City, Iowa. 1914. Get our catalogue.



free. We Register Free: Guarantee satisfaction





in every way.

ROLLIN VIEW STOCK FARM. Cass City. Mich.





 





0 l 6 October boars weighing 200 lbs. at w

0 0 0 each for,A ril shipment.

C. J. THOMPSON. ockford. Michigan.





 





ser's name.





' Send me our order for choice spring boars.

0- l- c 3- shi ped C. 0. D. and registered in purcha-

. P. ANDREWI, Danevillo. Mich.





 





A. .I. BARKER.





O I C Swine. If you are in the market for

0 e . a Spring boar, of April furrow write to

H. W. Mann. Dan-ville. Mich.





O I C Spring pigs either sex, large bone

0 0 ' o and good growth. Prices rl ht.

R. R. 1. Belmont. Mich gen





 





gilts. Satisfaction guaranteed.

. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Mlohlg .





0. l. 6.8 ,Some extra good fall boars: also

A





 





O. I. C. Stock all Sold





JULIAN P. CLAX'I'ON. Swartz Crook. Mich.





 





to furrow about





I I



D. l. c. Ind limit! this iwme. B?§'¥’,‘l,’.,

Springpigs, now ready to ship. Can furnish in pairs

not akin. hese pigs are sired by Lenghty Prince

and» Model let. Two as good big ty 0 boars

as there is in the breed. I will ship 8. O. D.

and record them free. NEWMAN‘I STOCK

FA MARLETTE. MICHIGAN. R. No. l.





 





0. l. c. and chssler While Swine 39"“ ""-

of kin. E. B. MILETT, Fowlerville, Miggllg‘arfm





. if you are interntodln

0. I. c. SWINE- 0.1. C's., let me start

you with a choxce air or trio, not skin, or a gilt. duo

eptember first.

A. J. G()RDEN. II. No. 2. D0". Mich.





l Palrs'and Tries no akin. 2 Re

0. In C- S Holstein hulls 6 and 8 months cl





 





 





Cloverleaf Stock Farm, Monroe, Mich.. R. No. I:





 





price. A. V





o I 0 Choice Gilts bred for fall Farrow and Spring

. - - Pigs. Prize Winning Stock. Write for low

HATT, Grass Lake, Michigan.





 





choice strains. 8. C STAHLMAN.





CHERRY LAWN rum, bhepherd. Michigan.





 





D rec ‘ , ’ '

F". ‘a'.’ u Jerseys, chaice breeding spring pigs





sidersd. ELMER E. SMITH, Redford,





o I c Swine and Reg. Holsteins, few boar pigs of

I I I





May furrow at a reasonable price,quality con-

Michigan.





 





either sex. Prices rig t.

John McNicoll, StationA. R.4, Bay City,Mich.





 





DUROC Jerseys. Apr. pigs either sex, boars ready for

service and a few bred sows for Sept. and Oct. Some





0 _I. C's. 4 last fall sows to furrow in Sept. and Oct.

. b last





last fall boars, big strong growthy ones.





spring pigs not akin. Good stock, order now. F m

mile west of depot. Otto B. Schulze, Nashville, loh.





 





Holstein cows breed for fall. E. H. Morris,llonroe,lllich.





 





present. Wm. W. Kennedy. Grass Lake, Michigan.





Ihave some codlast So to b

m JCI‘SCYS Boar-s and glue. Glltspwilxl g:

bred for September furrow.

H. G. Keesler. R. No. 5. Cassopolls. Michigan





 





 





F' A 'l G'ltl dbl] .

Dunoc JERSEYS ;-- gigglghzut 1118 prl I an 365





bargain if taken at once. J. R. Way, Three Rivers. Iiicli.





O. I. C. 11008





Pairs no relation. At e





AT HALF PRICE





Genuine big .type Poland China Hogs. Bred Bows.

Spring Pigs, Boars read for Service. Special. ill.

best big t peifall year ing boar in Michigan, Also

registered ercheron Stallions and Ma



1. C. BUTLER.





res.

Portl and. Mlch.. loll Phono.





 





D Combined, size, quality. breedi .

“hm 3 DIM: Herd boars, a ring boars. spri.n‘g

sows for sale. 0110. L. Dobson, incy. Michigan.





D0200 Jerseys Gilts of the large heavy boned type

bred to a Son of Orio Ch K'

hear of his brood Bleed fairyearllyngs“1e greatest





l'.J. Daon'r. ‘ g, . _m_ e t. far-row.





ichlgan





FOR SALE Three Duroc Jersttiy god

Boats.



from Registered Etock. each $18.00 ll": thneozex: tv‘vié



weeks. also 8) acres land in O emaw (lo. Easily clear-





 





sm’rrfil'i’mxnn. an. No.4, Howell. Michigan.





lig Tm Poland llIinas’?§§£.§’.$‘é§l‘.fi'p'u°u"

plgI. A. A. WOOD & SON. 8.11110. Michigan.





 





Large Strain P. Cam“; 13:21:25

Gilts to fax-row in Aug. Sept. and Oct.. get one of





these sows with pigs 1'3; side.





K. 0. 8 ARTZ. Schoolcraft. Michigan.





 





 





ed. Write to Jose Lake Fruit am, South Brunch. Mich.





Breeders' Directory—Collared on page 235.
/





/





«





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ask for our furnace book illus-

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$100,000

Bank Bond

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0

Spread sunshlno In the kltchcn wltll

\ a Kalamazoo Metal White Enameled





Address





 





CitY Kitchen Kablneta Write for special

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\ fuel; in several styles, pictured with all

of the filihnefis ofdits biiautiful wl‘njto

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Gas Ranges No.S113 Furnaces No. F113 D \

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Metal White Enameled Kitcyhlen \ Kalamazoo

Crown Heater





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