, E. H. HOUGHTON

 

 

The Michigan Farmer
, Established 1843. ' Copyright 1916. -

The Lawrence Publishing Co.

Editors and Porprictors
39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit, Michigan
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M, J , LAWRENCE ............................ President
M. L. LAWRENCE.... .. ....Vice-President
....Sec.-Tres.

 

 

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FRANK A. WILKEN...1 ................... Editors
ALTA LAWSON LI'I‘TELL ................

 

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Entered as second class matter at the Detroit, Mich-
igan. post office.

DETROIT, DEC. 23, 1916

Christmas, 1916

ELENTLESSLY the years roll
R round, indifferent to human Joys
and human tears.

The days about the winter solstice,

which for ages the Caucassian race
has given over to revelry and joy, to
thoughts of good will and kindly deeds,
unerringly appear in their place and
with them all of the symbols sugges-
tive of the usual jolity, though one-half
of the race is groaning in sorrow and
indescribable misery.
, Even though the horrors of the Eu-
ropean conflict are so far removed that
we in no sense have responsible rela—
tions to them, yet the compassion of
our common humanity calls for sym-
pathy and what we can render of the
helping hand, though it does not de-
mand of us that we dwell in the dismal
shadow of a sorrow that is not ours.

 

 

 

America is at peace and may well
enter with zest into all of the joys of
the Christmas season, therefore the
spirit of the holiday design upon our
front page.

Rubicund old St. Nicholas, or Kris
Kringle, or Santa Claus, whichever
term from old Teutonic folk-lore we
may prefer to apply to His Highness,
looks out through his wealth of holly
leaves and berries and

“With the same merry grin
That’s dimpled his chin
For the ages that’s passed away.”

The mantel with candle and clock
and touch of bric—a-brac suggests the
modern atmosphere of prosperity, edu-
cation and culture, and we suspect
that the candle and candlestick are
more for ornament than use and that
electricity lights the room, or else an
acetylene tank could be found outside.

We are especially glad to note .from
the symbolism of the hanging stock-
ings, that the entire family seems uni-
ted and orthodox in its faith in Santa
Claus, some of them even to the extent
of both stockings. But above all and
best of all, the row of hanging stock-
ings indicates a happy family life guid-
ed by love and faith in one another,
and the baby leads the procession.

A Merry Christmas to all is the
hearty wish of the Michigan Farmer.

CURRENT COMMENT.

 

The government esti-
mate of the acreage,
production and farm
v alue of important
farm crops for 1916, as compared with
the previous year and the five-year av-
erage, again demonstrates the fact that
a short crop always brings the farmers
of the country more money than does
a bumper crop. The farm value of the
entire list of important crops, with but

Crops and Crop
Values.

four exceptions, is shown by this esti-

I

mate to be materially greater than

 

  

was the farm value 3013 "the same crops 1,
for last year. ‘ The aggrbgate‘» increase
in farm value for the important crepe
listed reaches a total of approximately
a billion and three-quarters dollars. '

Of course, this does not mean a. net
gain of this amount for the farmers of
the country, because of the much high-
.er prices prevailing for things which
the farmers have to buy. But the eco-
nomic law which makes short crops
more valuable in the aggregate than
bumper crops is in the end beneficial
to consumers as well as producers.
The higher prices which prevail for
farm products under short crop condi-
tions will stimulate production all
along the line, giving the great body
of consumers certain future relief from
the conditions with which they are
now confronted as a result of general
crop shortage. If it were not for the
operation of this economic law which
gives short crops a higher total value
than bumper crops, the economic sit-
uation would be, most serious.

This law is equally beneficial in oth-
er ways, sincc through the stimulation
of production the farmers become
more liberal buyers of manufactured
goods. This not only applies to equip-
ment for crop production, but to all
kinds of goods, since increased busi-
ness activity resulting from increased
income, always tends toward a higher
standard of 'living with farmers as with
other classes of business men. In the
aggregate this increased domestic de-
mand for manufactured goods of all
kinds will have a stabilizing effect up-
on the commercial industries of the
country which will go far toward coun-
teracting any danger of a general bus-
iness depression suchlas some pessi-
mists are prophesying for the period
following the cessation of hostilities in
Europe.

The high cost of big crops which gen-
erally bring a small price is often quite
as serious a problem to the average
producer as is the high cost of living
to the average consumer under present
conditions. A more even adjustment
of supply to demand would undoubted—
ly be better for both classes, and the
economic law illustrated by the above
statement of facts is perhaps the most
powerful influence operating in that
direction.

Under existing conditions, however,
the farmers of the country are certain
of a good market for next season’s
crops, even with bumper yields. This
unprecedented opportunity for a mer-
ited harvest of profits for which they
have waited long should be fully im-
proved by every farmer. To this end
let maximum crops at minimum cost
of production be the motto for the com-
ing year, which program means the
adoption of up—to-date methods all
along the line.

  

An estimate based on
preliminary returns
from practically all
operating beet sugar
factories in the country, was recently
made by the Bureau of Crop Estimates
of the U. S. Department of Agricul-
ture. This shows the total area of
beets harvested this year to be 680,000
acres with a total yield of 6,671,000
tons. This is the largest acreage and
tonnage "of beets ever harvested in the
United States, and the sugar produced
from the crop exceeds that of last year
by more than 44,600 tons. The aver-
age sugar extraction this year was 13.8
per cent as compared with 14.21 per
cent last year.

In all of the beet sugar producing
states except Michigan and Ohio, the
acreage was larger this year than last.
In Michigan the estimated acreage for
this year was 99,300 acres, as compar-
ed with 122,000 acres in 1915, and the
tonnage was 604,000 tons as compared
with 997,972 tons last year. The aver-
age farm price of sugar beets in the
country for this year was $6.17 per
ton as compared with $5.67 last year.
The average farm price paid for beets
in Michigan this year was $6.06 per

Our Beet Sugar
Production.

 

War.

in operation in the country for 1916 is
74 as compared with 67 factories oper-
ating in 1915. The number operating
in Michigan was 15 for both years.
During the last fiVe years the annual
consumption of sugar in the U. S.
has approximated four million pounds,
thus the beet sugar product is nearly
one-fourth of the country's sugar con—
sumption.

The annual re-
Secretary Houston’s port of the Sec-
Report. retary of Agri-
culture, made
public last week, discusses the prob-
lem of the high cost of living in a most
sane and intelligent manner. In this
connection the secretary emphasizes
the fact that more extensive education-
al methods and the general co-opera-
tion of farmers are needed. He is op-
timistic with reference to the ability of
American farmers to not only supply
the nation with food, but to meet an
increasing proportion of the needs of
the world. Note is made of the encour-
aging fact that while production per
acre is much greater in Europe than
in America, production per farmer is
much larger in the United States than
in any European country. This indi-
cates that our farmers are far in ad—
vance in the important factors of per-
sonal energy and financial resource.
They are, however, not as expert in
the use of fertilizers and they do not
practice the economies in small things
that count.

The opportunity of Our farmers is
made plain by this comparison. By
following the lead of the Department
of Agriculture and other educational
influences in the application of modern
principles of agriculture, in judicious
fertilization of the soil and the instal-
lation of improved equipment it can be
best improved.

WHICH IS YOURS?’

 

1Jan17-1Jan7~1Jan. Please notice
on your name tab if any of these dates
are at the right of your name. If they
are it means that your paper will stop
with the issue of December 30, follow-
ing our inviolable rule to stop the pa
per at the expiration of the' time for
which a subscription has been paid.
Those showing lJan. are trial subscrip-
ers, to whom we have been sending
the paper a few months at a nominal
price in order that they might judge
of its value to them. To secure the
paper regularly at present rates both
trial and regular subscribers should
renew at once, as all subscription pric-
es will advance February 1, as adver-
tised. Only prompt action will avoid
missing one or more numbers, any one
of which may easily be worth more
to the reader than the cost of a year’s
subscription.

Present subscribers are offered the
opportunity to protect themslves
against coming advances in subscrip-
tion rates by subscribing for three or
five years if they desire.

Take immediate advantage of this
present opportunity by renewing at
once at 50 cents for one year, $1.00 for
three years, or $1.50 for five years, by
sending in your renewal at once;

Address all orders and make remit-
tances to

THE MICHIGAN FARMER,
Detroit, Mich.

NOTICE.

 

The price of every daily, either in
our club list or combinations offered at
any time or in any way, will be ad-
vanced 50 cents on January 1.
can accept no orders which include a
daily paper after December 31 at the
price they are now quoted. Fifty cents
must be added or the daily will be cut
in time to correspond with the remit-
tance. .

$611 as comparedwlth$591 per £01118,“ {-

The total number of sugar factories

 

, The European ‘War.——The Teutons
continue their drive in Roumania. Al-
'ready they have occupied one-half of
the territory of that kingdom, have
taken the capitol city and have crossed
the Buzeu river. These successes bring
the invading armies to the forest dis”-
trict in the northern part of the prov-
ince of Wallachia, where the nature of
the country lends itself to streng de-
fensive operations and where it is ex-
pected that the Roumanians and Rus-
sians will make a firm stand. Snows
in the Carpathian mountains and mud-
dy roads in the valleys and lowlands
are hampering the movement of troops
and probably will soon cause the aban-
donment of further undertakings tnis
winter.—Russia reports the repulse of
two German attacks near Kovel.—On1y
artillery and patrol activity are report-
ed on the Macedonian and Italian
fronts—Late last week the French at~
tacked the German lines near Verdun
and succeeded in recovering practically
all of the remaining territory occupied
by the French previous to the German
drive last February. At about the
same, time the Germans hurled at VIO-

lent attack to the west of Verdun at a ‘

point in the line nearest the city or
Paris. The French were prepared for
this assault and successfully repulsed
it as they also did later attacks made
at the same place. English troops en‘
deavored to enter the enemy trenches
north of Ancre about nine miles from
Thiepval‘, but the undertaking failed,
according to a German statement.

The peace proposal made by German
Chancellor Hollweg last week has re-
sulted in a great deal of comment in
neutral countries and by the entente
allies themselves. Notwithstanding the
fact that the allies are in the poorest
possible military situation at the pres-
ent time to consider terms of peace, an
Opinion seems to prevail that to main-
tain the respect of the neutral nations
it seems necessary to give the terms
offered by Germany consideration. It
is now suggested and expected that a
peace parley will be opened at The
Hague about the middle of January,
where a conference of representatives
of all the belligerents will be held for
the purpose of making peace proposals.
Military operations will in all proba«
bility continue during the proposed
session.

A shortage of coal in Italy has caus-
ed rail road traffic to be suspended
almost entirely except for military pur-
poses. The government has been com-
pelled to withdraw over 1,500 trains a
day because it cannot get coal for the
engines. Many cities and towns are
without electric light and gas, and ker-
osene oil is also very scarce.

In a manifesto issued by Gen. Villa
before he retired from Chihuahua city,
he expressed his bitterness toward the
Americans and declared that no for-
eigner should be allowed to own land
in Mexico until he had resided there
25 years.

The Austrian Emperor has named
his new cabinet, with Alexander Spitz.
mueller as premier. ’

The first meeting of the Polish Na-
tional Council will be held before
Christmas, while the initial meeting or
the national assembly will occur :11
February.

National.

Acommunication has been received
from Gen. Carranza, of Mexico, touc _-
ing upon the proctocol agreed upon 0
representatives of the United States
and Mexico recently at Atlantic City.
This communication is to be submitted
to the commissioners this week.

Federal District Attorney Kinnane
opens an inquiry into the cause for
high food prices, in the city of Detroit,
this week. A federal grand Jury was
called Monday for this purpose. It Is
expected the investigation will last a
week or ten days, and witnesses will
not have an opportunity to warn oth-
ers of the character of the inquiry.

The high prices being paid for paper
has resulted in a general crusade by
collectors for waste paper, which re-
turns them substantial financial re~
wards for their industry. School chil-
dren have also found it a means of ob-
taining pin money, both for themselves
and to secure funds for the purchase
of needs for the schoolroom. In De-
troit, Philadelphia, and other large c1!-
ies, almost the entire school popula-
tion has been interested in the project.

 

ANOTHER CLUBBING BARGAIN.

 

No. 21.

We \Michigan' Farmer, 3 ’yrs., wky. . . .$1.25

Any Gd.‘ Rapids or Detroit Daily,
(except Detroit News). . .$2.00, $3.00

Woman’s World, mo ............. .35

Home Life, mo .................. .25

Poultry Advocate, mo ......... . . . .50
Regular price ............... . .$5.35 ,

OUR PRICE ONLY $2.25.

Foreign: __ ’ i '0 ‘ 4, ‘

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
   

 


 

 
   

r
)

 

 

 

 

By W. F.

OME time ago, in conversation
with a friend, I remarked that
with prices of real estate so high,

and still going up, it would be no easy
matter for our young men to get homes
of their own in the country. “There is

TAYLOR ' " '
Practically all unproductive soils
that have ever grown cropsneed nitro-
gen. Nitrogen is soonest exhausted be-
cause it results from the decaying of

organic matter and when organic mat-
ter fails, n-trogen fails.

L ._ be" grown. ._

still one way,’f he said, “let them buy
a run-down farm and build it up.”

Looking at the matter as broadly as
I am able, I am disposed to agree that
this plan has something in it for the
man of small means who wishes to
buy a farm. ,But the buying of .a farm
that has become unproductive for any
cause involves a risk. The outcome of
such‘ a venture will depend upon the
answer to several questions—what is
the matter with the farm: Why does
it not produce as well as the farms
around it? What does the prospective
buyer know about soil handling? How
much capital has he, and will he have
any money left after paying for the
farm? How much will the improve-
ments which must be made at once,
cost? And so on and on, though with
these questions answered one should
be able to judge pretty well whether
or not the yOung man would be safe in
attempting a venture of this sort.

But there are well worn farms that
are not for sale. Their owners expect
to live on them and take what they
can get from year to year, and the
problem of the poor farm appeals to
them as truly and as forcefully as to
the young man who has invested his
money‘ in such an estate with the
dream of bettering it and by and by
making it as good and productive as
the other farms in the community.

Common Soil Troubles.

' There are many causes why lands
do not produce well, and we shall prob-
ably not consider even the greater
number of them. It is our purpose to
discuss the more common troubles of
this kind in just as practical a way as
possible in the hope that some reader
of this paper, with a farm that produc-
es less instead of more as the years go
by, may take courage, and may see his
way clear to better methods of soil
management.

Many Michigan farms need drainage.
Drainage is a matter that we put off
from year to year, because we have
neglected it in the past and grown fair
crops.

But oftener we fail to tile our fields
because we simply can not get time to
do it. , We do all we can from day to
day, we invest our labor in the doing
of things that simply can not wait, and
often it is almost more than we can
do, to find time for these things. We
hire what we can get in the way of
labor, providing the price is not be-
yond . I imagine that but few peo-
ple reali e how hard it is to get labor
on the farms of Michigan now, unless
they live in the country and have ex-
perienced the difficulty.

There are some farms that no longer
produce paying crops, where drainage
must be resorted to before there can
be any permanent improvement.
There are many others where it can
wait until other conditions are reme-
died, and there are farms that are nat-
urally drained to such an extent that
it will be a long time before tiling will
pay for the expense of labor and tile.

Organic Matter an Almost Universal
Need.

About nine—tenths of the unproduc-
tive farms in Michigan need organic
matter. For a time while they were
new they produced well, but gradually
the yields grew less and less, the trou-
ble of getting a" stand of clover grew
greater, and by and by the sowing of
clover was given up, because seed was
so high, and the securing of a stand
was so doubtful. '

J Most of our sandy soils need lime

«and, in many cases they simply must

have itbflefore goon crops of clover can

  

 

The mineral elements of plant food
do not so soon leave the soil because
they do not become soluble in large
quantities at one time and so they can
not as readily get away. But while
they are not soluble in water, they are
of little use to us as plant food.

Mineral plant food becomes availa-
ble as the processes of decay progress
with the organic matter, and if there
is not a goodly supply of it, these agen-
cies of nature do not work to an ex-
tent suflicient to render enough of the
mineral elements available for food
for the plants and so our neglectful
soil lacks practically everything that
our crops need, and largely because of
the need of more organic matter.

Now I am not saying that some
soils do not need applications of pot-
ash or phosphoric acid. When prices
of these elements of plant food are
normal, it often pays to buy them and
apply them to the soil in considerable
quantities. I do not say that under
the exceeding high prices 'that prevail
at present, it will not pay in some cas-
es to buy commercial fertilizer, but it
is certain that no man can buy fertil-
izer at present prices and with it bring

the 'soilvforriacidity .an‘djif it is present
we should apply lime. ‘ ,
Marl will Serve as a Soil Amendment.

Michigan is rich in her deposits of
marl. I have traveled pretty well over
the state, and often in institutes when
this question of lime has been raised
I have asked, “Who knows of any de-
posits of marl in this vicinity?” In
most cases it has been found that de-
posits of marl were so rich and so near
that it was not worth while to discuss
ground lime rock, hydrated lime, or
any other carrier of calcium.

Twice I have ordered lime for my-
self and my neighbors, paying freight
on it over hundreds of miles of rail-
road. Then it came to my knowledge
that we had plenty of marl ‘ten or
twelve miles distant. This seemed al-
most too far to haul, and we were con-
sidering the advisability of buying
more limestone finely ground, when it
became a matter of common knowl-
edge that we had marl in abundance
only three or four miles from our
home.

A lot of it was drawn last winter,
and soon a bridge will be built across
a creek which will shorten the dis-
tance for a number of us, and then I
look for many tons to be hauled and
spread on the fields. In each case that
has come under my observation where
lime has been applied, the labor has
brought its reward. We have been
wont to associate lime with alfalfa,
and this is right, for lime is often nec-
essary before we can get a stand of
this truly valuable cr0p; but lime is

 

 

 

 

Drawing on the Farm Woodlot for Bu
I

up a run-down farm, unless he uses it
'to grow crops of some kind to be plow-
ed into the soil.

Clover an important Factor in Soil

Building.

On some of these farms a good
stand of clover may be gotten at once
by proper attention to the matter in
hand. In such cases the way is easy
for of all the plants that have been
given to man by the Great Master of
the universe, few are more important
or promise greater results than old-
fashioned red clover.

But on most poor farms, it is hard
to get a catch of clover. Dozens of
times when I have advised men to
grow clover, they have fired back the
request, “Tell us how to get a stand.
We know all about what the clover
crop will do for us, but how are we
going to get it?” If we tell them to
put barnyard manure on the fields,
they will inquire, “Where are we to
get that?” and often I fear we leave
these men with little more courage and
little more real knowledge than they
had before “The Institute Speaker”
came into their midst.

I Clover’ should be gotten on the run-
down farm at the earliest possible mo-
ment. ‘If efforts, in the paSt to get a
good stand haVe failed we should test

ilding Material.

just as necessary to best results in
growing red clover on acid soil, unless
we have large quantities of stable ma-
nure and apply it generously, as it is
in getting a stand of alfalfa. If we
have a. bed of marl near by, we can do
no better than to spend every spare
day in winter, when roads are passa<
ble, in hauling marl until our fields
are covered.

Like clover, vetch is a nitrogen gath-
erer and it also grows well on some
soils that do not readily respond to a
seeding of clover. Vetch tolerates
more acid than clover, hence lime is
not as essential. Vetch sown in corn
at the last cultivation will come on
and make a fine crop to turn under in
the spring if conditions are favorable.

 

FARM NOTES.

 

Soft Coal Ashes for the Soil.
Would like to know if it does any
hurt or any good to put soft coal ash-
es on the land? I would like to know
through your paper.
Genesee Co. C. L.

Soft coal ashes contain very little in
the way of soluble plant food, and are
consequently of little value as a fer-
tilizer or soil amendment. Some me-
chanical benefit might result from
their application to very hard clay

  

for this purpose.

spots, but it is doubtful if even for this"; ;
purpose such use would be profitable. .
Combination Hog House and Granary. _,'

We have a building which we wish
to use as a granary. Building is about

six feet above the ground. Would it in - '

any way damage the grain to make a
hog house in basement?
Genesee Co. E. E. C.

The hog house under a granary might
or might not interfere with the useful-
ness of the building, depending largely
upon the thoroughness with which the
basement is ventilated. If the King
system of ventilation is provided, there
will be. a little more tendency toward
the accumulation of dampness in the
basement than is the case in basement
barns where live stock is housed, over
which granaries are everywhere used
successfully. On the other hand, if lit—
tle or no ventilation is provided there

is a possibility that an accumulation of I

moisture in the basement would have
a.deleterious effect upon the grain
stored above. If ideal housing condi-
tions are provided for the hogs, this
would be a safe experiment,

‘Seeding Sandy Land to Clover.

I have an eight-acre field which I
want to sow to cats in the spring. This
piece of land is a sandy 10am and in a
fair state of fertility, having been cov-
ered with manure in the last two years.
It produced a good crop of corn this
year. I want to get this field seeded

to clover, no clover having been grown .

on it for the last six years. How would
you advise sowing the clover to insure
a catch? Would you inoculate the
seed? I have clover chaff from about
25 loads of clover seed. Could this be
used to inoculate by spreading on the
field after it is plowed and worked in
the soil with a harrow?

Jackson Co. A. J. M.

While there may be cases in which
a clover seeding would be benefited by
inoculation, this is not as necessary
with a crop like red clover, which has
been co'mmonly grown on our Michigan
soils for many years, as with alfalfa,

which is a new plant, to most Michigan

soils. In the writer’s opinion, inocula—
tion of clover seed will not insure a
good stand of clover on land where clo-
ver does not, grow readily under pres-
ent conditions.

The thing which is most apt to be
needed under these conditions is a, lib-
eral application of lime to neutralize
soil acidity and place the, soil in a
condition to be a suitable, home for the
nitrifying bacteria for which clover is
a host plant. Given these ideal condi-
tions, then inoculation might prove
beneficial, but lacking them will prove
of no value at all, and there seems to
be sufficient bacteria in practically all
Michigan soils to provide adequate in-
oculation where soil conditions favor
such multiplication.

Under the conditions cited in This in-
quiry, the best way to insure a good
clover seeding would be to apply a lib-
eral coat of lime, preferably this fall if
ground limestone is to be used. Then
prepare the soil without plowing as
early in the spring as same can be
worked and sow about one bushel of
oats per acre, using a liberal applica-
tion of phosphorus. The application of
lime will insure better inoculation of
the clover, preparation of a good firm
seed bed without plowing will give the
clover the best possible chances for an
early start, the sowing of only one
bushel of cats per acre, will give the
clover more room to develop and a
more certain moisture supply without
cutting the oat yield to a very marked
degree, and the fertilizer will prove
beneficial to both the stand of clover
and the yield of cats.

CORRECTIONS.

 

In the article on “Trapping the

Muskrat,” which appeared on page 462
of the November 11 issue of this jour-
nal, the author has called our attention
to two errors.
graph where the article reads, “The
trap should, be placed as far out in the

In the eleventh para-

ream as possible to insure drown-

ing," the word “staked” should be sub-
stituted for “placed.”
paragraph where reference is made to
using traps in the burrows leading to
the houses in the bank, only the “Stop-‘
thief” type of trap should be employed

   
  

 

In the following

   
   
    
          
         
      
    
    
  
   
  
    
  
  
  
  
   
  
   
   
 
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
  
   
     
 
  
 
   
 
  
  
  
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
  
 
  
   
   
  
     
   
   
   
  
    
    
  
     
   
   
    
   
    
   
  
    
    
   
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
      
       
       
      
         
     
    
  


 

 
 

  
    

ByJ.A.

HE good roads movement is now
fairly launched in Michigan, but
the good roads problem assumes

each year, more perplexing aspects.
The first great essential, an awakened
interest in the movement, is now a
reality. The solution of the problem
,as to methods and kind of material, is,
as yet, in its initial stages. Perma-
nent road improvement must be made.
This, the automobile has made imper-
ative. Shall these roads \be gravel or
stone or a combination of both? Must
the crushed stone road be built with
some sort of binder to hold the top-
dressing in place? If so, what mate-
‘rial is best for this? Is the county
system of road building best? What
progress has been made under the
township system? How about the con-
tract method? These are some of the
questions to be asked and answered in
solving the good roads problem.

Some Pioneer Results.

In the writer’s section permanent
road improvement is no longer in its
infancy. The pioneers in this work
are to be found in the writer’s own
townhsip. This township, Fayette, now
possesses 12 miles of state reward,
macadam highway, constructed entire-
ly under the township system. Other
localities near at hand, have made al-
most as much progress. Nevertheless,
the problem is, not, in Fayette town-
ship or in any other, wholly solved.
These road builders mentioned are en—
thusiastic over the township system.
They think from experience, that it is
best. In other sections, just as on-
thusiastic supporters of the County sys-
tem may be found.

Time is an Important Factor.

But like all new movements, time
is necessarily an important factor in
the determination of the wisdom of
certain fundamental points. Time is
proving in Fayette and in other locali—
ties, that certain alterations must be
made in the method of stone road con-
struction. Taken as a whole, the ma-
cadam road built in this section, is ev-
erlasting. But the top—dressing which
makes the road desirable, is not stand-
ing the test. Either the method of
construction must be altered, or a bind-
er of some kind, must be used. The
fine crushed stone on the surface is
sucked up by the tires of the rapidly
driven automobiles, washed by heavy
rains, and blown away by high winds.
On main traveled roads the wear and
tear from countless autoinobiles is
something terrific. The problem is to
find something that will stand the
strain. In its main features the crush-
ed stone road is a success. To do away
with the necessity of too frequent re-
pairing, however, new methods in con—
struction must be introduced.
Availability of Material Must be Con-

sidered.

In considering this question, the 01d
argument of the stone vs. the gravel
road comes up. As the writer has said
in a former article, the merits of these
two kinds of highway must be deter-
mined largely in the light of availabil-
ity of material. Number one gravel
makes an excellent road, but in many
localities there is no such thing as
number one gravel. Where stone is
plentiful as is the case in many parts
of southern Michigan this is the
cheapest material and the best. The
stone road will some day be perfected.
It takes time to do these things.

A New Type of Road Evolved.

In the light of recent unsatisfactory
developments, 3. road new in this sec-
tion, is being constructed. This con-
sists of a combination of crushed stone
and gravel. One of the most conspic-
uous examples of this new kind of
road may be found in Quincy town-
ship, Branch county. In this township
.9. mile of this road has been complet-
‘ed. At the beginning the ordinary

The Good Roads Problem

KAISER

crushed stone‘road-bed was built. Af-
ter the crushed stone which forms the
foundation had been placed the road
was left in its partially completed
state for several months, to permit
complete settling through travel and
action of the elements. Then a filler
of gravel was introduced, the work
was again suspended for a time, and
finally a top-dressing of gravel eight
inches thick was added. In this road
we have the indestructible macadam
road bed with a finish coat such as is
given to the gravel road.
Advantages of a Combination of
Materials.

The combination stonegravel road
just described has two things in its
favor: First, it solves the problem of
a more satisfactory top-dressing for
the macadam road; and second, it
gives a chance for the use in localities
where it is plentiful, of stone for the
major portion of the construction,
while making the road, so far as the
traveler is (concerned, essentially a
gravel one. Auto drivers as a rule,
prefer this gravel to stone. The com-
bination construction would seem to
come somewhere near the solution of
some of the more perplexing points.
Good gravel enough for the finishing
coat, may often be found in localities
where it does not exist in sufficient
quantities for complete road construc-
tion. But more important than this is
the face of the rock bed which under-
lies the gravel. In reality, the combi-
nation furnishes a crushed stone road,
with its less desirable features elim—
inated.

Experience Must Guide Progress.

The foregoing facts mark the prcr
gress that has been made in perma‘
nent road improvement. The last word
in Michigan road building will not be
said for many a year to come. Mis-
takes may be made, mistakes must be
made, as is the case with every great
movement. But, after all, the great
essential fact, is that the movement is
going forward. It is as irresistible as
the progress of the seasons. Localities
comparatively poor and with many
miles of deplorable highway, may take
heart from the two million dollars
which falls to Michigan, as a result of
the good roads act passed by congress.
According to good authority, this mon-
ey will be used in assisting these 10-
calities to build roads without incur-
ring debts that could not be lifted in
generations. All good things come at
last, to those who wish them and wait
for them and work for them.

Editor’s Note—Through an error in
makeup the. title of the above article
appeared at the head of an article on
Advertising Farm Products, in the is-
sue of December 16.

FARM EFFlClENCY.

 

By the term Farm Efficiency, we
mean a system of farming in which the
desired effect is attained, whether it
be from grain farming, live stock farm-
ing or fruit farming. The aim of our
farmers is to produce sufficient from
their farms so that'they may be a prof-
itable investment for them, and at the
same time maintain the fertility of
their farms as the wide-awake farmer
can see the folly of robbing his land.

We have learned from our associa-
tion with the farmers of this country
that there are very few of them who
run their farms on a business basis.
Every farmer should know just what
it costs him to raise everything that
he produces. He should know what
every bushel of grain costs him, what
every ton of hay costs him and every
head of live stock that he raises. This
can be done very handily by keeping a
record. Such a record is worth much
to any farmer and it is necessary for
some farmers if they would be success-
ful as we know that there are many

 

know it, and this is “the only method
by which they can determine this fact.
We know that there are some farmers
who are making handsome profits On
some things that they produce and los-
ing it on some other things. The farm-
er that has a system of farm account-
ing for his farm operations will soon
see where the leak is taking place and
then he will be in a position to remedy
this defect.

The progressive farmer is going to
find out just how his farm is paying
him. Thus he ' can discontinue any-
thing that is not profitable for him.
Two men on the same kind of soil and
in the same season will obtain very dif-
ferent results in the same year. This
was very forcibly brought to our atten-
tion during the past few weeks during
a canvas by a farm management dem-
onstrator, who was taking records in
the section of the state where we re-
side. These records were for last year

.and were takn by the same man and

under the same system and it showed
that the one man had made about
$3,500 on his farm of 160 acres while
the other farmer on an equally as good
farm of 80 acres in the same section
lost over $400.

One of these farmers will be dissatis-
fied and say that there is no money in
farming,that the markets are no good,
that hired help is too expensive, and
yet his neighbor made a handsome
profit from his year’s work, while he
worked at a loss. We say that the
fault here is with the farmer himself
and that nothing but an application of
business principles to his farming will
help him out of his difficulty. The
farmer that is making money is al-
ways to be found at the agricultural
meetings and farmers’ gatherings, seat-
ed well up in front, trying to get some
new information, while the fellow that
is not doing so well does not attend,
as he is afraid that he will be criti-
cized for his poor showing, and so he
goes along year after year. We should
all profit from the mistakes of others.
Their failures should be our warning
signals and our danger signs.

Another thing that has been over-
looked by many farmers is the rela-
tion of live stock to grain farming. This
opens a new field for many farmers,
as food animals are high at the pres-
ent time and pure-bred animals are
in great demand. This also offers a
valuable method for maintaining the
fertility of the soil from the use of
manure. We believe that the live stock
industry will flourish for years to come
and the farmer that devotes his energy
to live stock farming has a bright fu-
ture ahead of him.

Ohio. G. H. QONN.

 

SAVE THE TREES.

 

There is a world of sentiment, won-
derful and grand, in that old poem be-
ginning, “Woodman, spare that tree.”
And time was when only the sentiment
intervened to save the tree. Now there
is another story to tell. Such a poem
might be written today with a different
embodiment altogether. The dollar
mark in some form might well consti-
tute the main thought of such a poem.
And if it did I feel sure this poem
would meet with a heartier and fuller
appreciation than the old. The prac-
tical dollars and cents side of a thing
is something all of us can understand.
The ability that we have to realize
what the money value of a tree is
should induce us to spare the tree un-
til it is large enough to be marketable.
Then, “Good-by, poor old sentiment.” '

Many farms have no timber at all.
The money outlay on those for posts,
building timbers and such is almost
ruinous. But most farms still have
woodlots and woods pastures, And no
farm can well afford to be without
them. We ought to be thankful enough
that this little mite of the great timber
treasure has been saved to use our
every energy and our best efforts to

farmers that are” p‘rodu ing some (of
their products at a- loss and do not-

inane; the most or what is, left.
should give to the woodlot the some
painstaking care and. attention that we

give to the crops, the stOck or any"

other branch of the farming business.
But do we?

I saw one farmer cutting healthy,
young trees and saving the large trees
to sell. Why not reverse the order? If
the large trees are out now and the
young ones left to\grow we might
hope to have timber for always.

Again, I see a man going through
the woodlot and picking out only the
large trees which show signs of fail-
ing, such as dead limbs in the top, and
cutting’those only. This'would seem
to be real economy. And it is, as far
as it goes, for by doing so only those
trees which are done growing are cut.
All healthy, young trees which are
growing into money fast might be left
to draw on in the future. But again—-
there’s the rub! This man felled the
large, valuable trees carelessly, hap‘
hazardly and in such a way that doz—
ens of smaller trees were destroyed
with each one felled. Good farming
that—about as good as killing a few
pigs every time you feed the sow. And
more, those large tree tops were al-

lowed to lie and rot where they fell ‘

and take up ground that should be fill-
ed with young growing stock. If I fol-
lowed such methods in the corn field
I shouldn’t expect much corn per acre.

And yet again, some woodlots are
cared for by letting them care for
themselves. “’Twon’t never get no
cheaper,” one of my neighbors told me,
“So I jest let it grow." This one had
several large, valuable white oaks
which were perfectly good but showed
signs of beginning to fail. If the own-
er cuts a few sometime in the future
and finds the heart of them so dozy
and black that they are unsalable he
may change his mind about timber get<
ting no cheaper

This same lot was a veritable thick-
et. All sorts of timber straggling and
fighting for room. And it seemed that
of the real young stuff only the worth-
less varieties were doing well. Young
dog-woods, black—gum beech, birch,
water—oak and even willows were
crowding out such valuable timbers as
white oak, yellow poplar, wild cherry
and hickory. Then in summer this
woodlot, promising and valuable as it
was, and is, was ravaged by all sorts
and sizes of cattle and hogs.
the leaves and smashed the young
sprouts that might some day be large,
valuable trees.

I have seen the owner of this wood-
lot thinning his corn by pulling up
all small and weak plants, and even
large, thrifty stalks in some places so
that he might increase the yield. And
I almost wondered why he didn’t use
the same good judgment in caring for
his timber, or else turn his stock into
the corn field when the corn was about
knee high so as to be consistent
throughout.

Much clearing will be done this win-
ter. This gives good winter occupation
and it is time well spent for one who
has too' much timber and not enough
farming land. But, "in you imagine
what the future holds for the man
who clears the “last patch” now for
the few ears of com the ground will
produce next summer?

Indiana. E. G. ,

 

ANNUAL MEETING MICHIGAN EX-
PERIMENT ASSOCATO‘N.

 

The Sixth Annual Meeting and Seed
Exhibition of the Michigan Experiment
Association will be held at East Lan-
sing, beginning on Monday. afternoon,
January 15, and continuing through
Tuesday evening, January 16, 1917,1111-
mediately preceding the annual meet-
ing of the Michigan Live Stock Breed-
uers’ Association. All members and
others interested in crop improvement

are invii ed to attend. All local asso- -

ciations are asked to send at least two
delegates. An interesting program and
attractive premium list have Men pre-
pared and may be secured byaddress-
ing the Secretary, V. H. .Shoesmith,
East Lansing, Mich. ‘

They ate '

 

     
   
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
 

 
 

 

 

 

 
     
     
 

 

 

 

     
      
    
      
   

 

  
  
   
   

    


 

 

 

  

   

 

EWIN. A.

N stock breeding we find that there

are some things” Which are noticer

. able all along the line from the
time we begin in early life until we
have passed the meridian of life and
feel that we are pretty well versed in
the art. It is very much like learning
the A. B. C.'s of language and, no mat-
ter hOw far we progress in building up
rich vocabularies, we have the same
elementals to use and some of the
same tendencies with which to con-
tend.

In stock breeding we say that there
is a natural tendency to variations. No
product of two parents, is just like
either parent.
wonder at such results, but when we
have developed our. reasoning faculties
we can see why. In the first place the
ancestral influences are not the same
because from both the paternal and
maternal branches reach out in differ-.
ent directions, and we ought not to ex-
pect reproduction of either. That part
of the problem is easily disposed of,
but when, by coupling the same par-

ents we produce large families, no two

of which are alike, having only what
we call a family resemblance, we are
confronted by one of nature’s strong-
est tendencies, which we call varia-
tion. Strive as best we may, or can,
we find that the life of an individual,
or several successive generations, is
not long enough to overcome this ten-
dency. All we can do is to see what

CStock ~Breeding Hints IV

At first we stagger and,

   

CLAPP

where the best kinds of foods grow
luxuriously and in abundance, produc-
ing frame and meat, and wool (1000

fibers to the square inch), in liberal:

quantities. Under domestication, the
meat for food and wool for clothing,
makes the sheep one of the best, if not
the most useful of the domestic ani-
mals kept on the farms as a contribu-
tor to the needs of humanity.

The hog, most economical of meat
producers, was descended from the
same ancestors as the hippopotamus,
an animal which after varying from
the original line, became amphibious
and has been a dweller in lakes-and
swampy regions where he retains his
hoggish characteristics of eating large
quantities of food and growing to great
proportions. Sometimes a. single ani-
mal weighs several tons, and yet the
meat retains the excellent toothsome
flavor and quality which is relished
by humans who are able to capture
and utilize him as food.

' Influence of Varying Conditions.

In our own country there are prac-
tical illustrations as to what changed
conditions will bring about in some of
our domestic animals. Our breeds of
animals have been built up by follow-
ing variations. Improved conditions,
including food and care, have secured
for us improved animals. If some of
the best specimens of Our beef cattle
were to be exposed to the rigors of
New England winters, and compelled

   
    

shortened; earlier maturity is encour-
aged, and a better quality of meat is
secured.

' It is not necessary for us to go out

‘of our own country for fresh blood

with which to improve our stock; we
have the best material that .‘canbe
found, and it has been produced here
in America under our conditions which
does not produceany check in growth
‘by any process of adaptation.
Variations on Our Farms.

There are great differences in the
character of the stock of the same
breed raised on the same farm. Some
will be more comely and more sym-
metrical in form than others carrying
the same blood and raised under the
same conditions. These superior char-
acteristics-we cannot account for, and
yet we prize them highly, and by se-
lecting such as the breeding herd find
that they transmit their superior form
and tendencies to their progeny. By
breeding from the best a type is often
secured which becomes a distinguish-
ing characteristic of the herd. Same
breeders have built up excellent herds
by following these come-by-chance var-
iations, and have won an enviable rep-
utation for establishing a superior type
of animals. A phenomenal animal, es-
pecially if it is a male, may represent
the possibilities of great improvements
and enhanced values for much of the
stock raised in the same herd.

On the other hand, some are so un-
wise as to place too high a value on
the animals of the same blood as the
superior ones, and have not secured
the desired results. There is only one
greatest ~ and best in a generation

 

The Grand Champion Carload of Fat Steers at the International Live Stock Exposition.

we can do by following the natural
tendencies. Let us, then, consider what
has been and may be accomplished by
following

Variations.

Varying characteristics and varying
conditions under which animals are
produced and reared, are matters with
which the breeders have to deal,

. whether it is the boy with his pet rab-

bits, chickens or guinea pigs, or the
mature and skillful master breeder of
horses, sheep,’cattle or hogs. The
skillful breeder has long since discov-
ered that the variations toward im-
proved characteristics are the objects
for which he is seeking in order to
keep abreast with his competitors, or
secure the reward which is his if he
can produce something superior to the
product of their skill.

Changing conditions have wrought
wonders among animals under nature’s
hands. Descending from the same an-
centry the prehistoric horse was pro-
duced, while his near relatives under
varying conditions grew into the zebra
and the ass. The many kinds of sheep
descended from the same original
forms, producing all the representa-
tives of the great family from the al-
most woolless specimens, found in the
arid regions of the tropics, to the na-
tives developed under the rigorous
conditions of the temperate zOne

 

to gather their food on the steep hill-
sides of that country in the summer,
the general conformation would be
changed and the character of the ani-
mals would be changed from distinc-
tively meat and fat accumulating ani-
mals to a type that would resist hard-
ships; from one that was once an early
developer to one of slow growth and
late maturity. After a few successive
generations the general character of
the animals would be so changed that
they would hardly be recognized as
one of the same breed as the stock
from which they were descended.

On the other hand, when specimens
of any of the beef breeds are taken
into southern Michigan or any of the
states of the middle west, and placed
under the best conditions that can be
secured there, there will be signs of
marked improvement in a short period
of time. The great abundance of a
great variety of forage feeds in winter
and a great variety of clovers and
tame grasses in summer meets the
needs of the animals and they show
its beneficial effects. The liberal sup-
ply of a variety of'grains is freely used,
Which is more nutritious than the
grasses and different kinds of hay
found in their native country, England.
Our grains and forage crops more than
equal the grasses and root crops in
England, and" the period of growth is

which has the greatest merit in form
and capabilities to transmit their own
superior characteristics to their pro-
geny. Swine breeders have often made
great mistakes by placing too great
values on litter mates of a phenome—
nal animal. The reasons why one ani-
mal is capable of making a great leap
ahead, and maintaining a high level by
transmitting his superior qualities to
his progeny, I haven’t heard explained.
The fact remains, and breeders who
are fortunate enough to recognize and
will utilize the phenomenal animals
that may come within their reach, have
the possibilities of success before them.
The man who neglects to grasp the
favorable opportunity when within his
reach, must fail, if he undertakes to
keep abreast with the foremost. among
the breeders.
Following Freaks and Sports.

There is a field for diversion, and
sometimes profit, in following natural
freaks and sports. Nature rarely
works by exact rules when reproduc-
ing things of the same kind, whether
it is with plants or animals. Some-
times something vastly different than,
the parent stock appears and, if bred,
reproduces the defect or freak. _

Proctor, in his excellent work on
heredity, mentions the case of a male
child that had five fingers and a thumb
on each hand. The boy grew to man-

Sgttersburg, Ohio, and Alex. Orth, Ada,

hood, married, and in after years it I.

was found that there were a large num-

ber of children with five fingers and a
thumb on each hand am‘Ong his dose

cendants.

Among animals Carrying tWO- colors
we find it an easy matter to follow. one
color andmake it predominant, almost
to the exclusion of the other. The
case of the Poland China hogs is an
example. For many years~ fashion led
to the dark colors almost to the exclu-
sion of the white. Someone had a pig
that was spotted or nearly white, like
some of his remote ancestors. The
freak was followed and we have now
what is called the new breed “Big
Spotted Poland Chinas.”

By following freaks the different
breeds of Plymouth Rock hens were
produced—the White and the Reds
came from the descendants of the old
Dominique or black and white penciled
Rocks, which have been popular as
farmer’s hens for fifty years. The dif-
ferent breeds of VVyandottes all des-
cended from the old Silver Penciled
\Vyandottes

The subject of va11at10ns has attract-
ed the attention and consideration of
some. of the most profound investiga-
tors and students of the laws of na-
ture, and much valuable information
has been brought to common, practical
breeders for their consideration. But
the prominent and so-called wise ones
need not be given the entire field for
observation. There are ample Oppor-
tunities for observation in every farm-
yard, where considerable numbers of
live stock of all kinds are bred and
raised, to discover important facts,
which, if heeded, can be cherished in
mind and utilized with profit.

To the lover of live stock the story
of what has been accomplished by fol-
lowing variations has a greater charm
than a richly embellished romance,
built 011 the highest flights of fancy.
The practical breeder who has keen-
ness of perception and properly fol‘
lows variations in hlr live stock as he
proceeds, gathers a rich reward along
the way, and has the consolation of
knowing that he has helped to elevate
to a higher level the kind of stock with
which he Operates.
cially benefited he can realize that he
is a public benefamor.

 

MICHIGAN EXHIBITS AT THE IN-
TERNATIONAL.

Michigan was well represented by
breeders in many classes at the recent
International. Shorihorn cattle were
shown by George J. Dickison (‘3; Sons,
Sault Ste Marie; Angus by U. L. Clark,
Hunters Creek, and Woodcote Stock
Farm, of Ionia; Herefords by R. L. Cal-
hoon, Bronson, and E. J. Taylor, Fre-
mont. Cot‘swold, Lincoln and South-
down sheep by Harry T. Crandell, of
Cass City. Poland China swine by
Bean Creek Farm, Hudson; Chester
Whites by Adams Bros, Litchfield, and
Harry Crandell; Duroc Jerseys by H.
RV. Mumford, Ann Arbor; Tamworths
by Adams Bros. Grade and cross-bred
fat hogs, Adams Bros, and Harry T.
Crandell. Percheron horses by B. F.
Anderson, Adrian, and L. E. Edson, of
Paw Paw; Belgians by E. LeRoy Pelle-
tier, Orchard Lake.

The Michigan entries made a good
showing in all classes and took down a
liberal share of the prize money.

BREEDERS’ MEETINGS AT THE IN-
TERNATIONAL.

 

American Rambouillet Sheep Breeders'
Association.

The principal business of the meet-
ing which brought the usual attend-
’ance, was the election of oflicers for
the ensuing year as follows: President,
Frank King, Laramie, Wyo.: vice-pres-
ident, Frank Cook, Belle Fourche, S.
D.; secretary, Dwight Lincoln, Marys-
ville, Ohio; treasurer, John Webb, of
Southport In.d Directors: John See-
ly, Mt. Pleasant, Utah; L. W. Shaw,

American Hampshire Sheep Associa-
tion.
Officers of this organization were
(Continued on page 628 ).

While he is finanx

law,” ;. .. ,1 . , .r 45...: .u :1 ._

   
 

 
      
   
   
  
   
   
    
  
    
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
    
   
   
   
   
    
   
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
    
    
    
   
   
   
  
 
   
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
  
    
  
   
  
  
   
   
   
   
    
   
  
   
  
  
  
   
   
  
  
   
  
   
   
  
   
  
   
   
   
    
      

 

      
       
       
      


O. I.“

  
 
  

  

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

and ” Rubbers

 

Whether it’s a pair of rubber bootsorwarm
wool lined arctics or light weight rubbers
for street wear, the satisfaction from such
a gift' is going to be cotnplete and lasting.

, Look for the Red Ball so you will be sure

of the genuine. Write for our illustrated
booklet,“ More DaysWear,’ ’and select your
gifts from the many kinds of useful foot-
wear shown. Your dealer can supply you.

Fifty-five thousand dealers sell‘ 'Ball- Band "
and nine million people wear it.

_ ..\\ msuivmu woman are. roomy

 
  
 

‘‘‘‘‘‘‘

819 Water Street Mlshawaka. indlana
"Tlui House That Pay: M ”lions for Quality"

  

 

Direct to Yo
. . , .. F From Kalomcam,
EVEIlYBIléIEFe OIIBLIIT T0 PLIII’ TREES IIS "IE SPRING.

GUE AND WHOLESALE PRIC

A GIFT witEh-r everyA LEarly Order.

you get the best at growers’ prices.

Trees, Shrubs, Roses,
Vines and Plants direct from CELERY CITY NURSERIES

en you buy

We have thousands of

satisfied customers, and adding more every day.

“II 7.." ”I "mun. "I" I'll “alum fl

rue-4 cut!" C” Y

CELERY CITY NURsERIEs _.....-..fi;’;

0X50 KALAMAZOO, MICH

 

 

 

 

 

Spray 325.532.38.232... Eclipse Spray Pump
' THE FIRST SUCCESSFUL SPRAY PUMP

 

.-".'. i

S. Government.

 

 

F01 28 years we have been supplying fruit growers with
spraying utensils. One of our largest customers' is the U.

Send for our free literature and get our special proposi-
tion—a liberal one
MORRlLL & MORLEY MFG. CO.,
Box 6, rBENTON HARBOR, MICH.
First. in the Field with a Successful Spray Pump

MANUFACTURED

Could there be a better endorsement?

 

 

 

 

 

F5351 £55.95 L_IIII'I'EII

for any quainttitizblfet Timothy, —Cl-o-—_vers. Timothy and
Clovers mixed etand Sudan Grass— also other
field seeds. Send us samples, description, state quan-
tity you have and quote cash pricetoo perlarge bushel f. o. b.
your station. No lot too smal .Address

IIYIIE SEED FARMS, Pattonsbui'g, Mo.

 

 

 

 

ISBELL’S
The “Different” Catalog‘

Our 1917 Seed Book will save you
money—contains valuable information
——Isbell Seeds will bring you better
crops. Write for your copy today

3. M. ISBELL &. BUMPINY. Box 10. Jackson. Mich.

TIMOTHY

SAVE MONEY-Jilly Direct om 2Grower:
New reeleaned Iowa Grown Timothy, tree from noxious
weeds. Guaranteed Satisfactory or money refunded.
Write todnfr,100-page catalog and Free Samples Low
prices on C over and all grass seeds Wiite before advance.
. ‘.' A. BERRY SEED 00.. BOX 331 CLARINDA. IOWA

 

   
 

 

Greatest Grass Seed Value Known—Investigate. Alslke
Glover and Timothy niixedfltbe finest grass grown for
hay and pasture. Cheapest seeding you can make, grows
‘ev vsrywhere. You will save 34 on your grass‘see'dbiliby
writing for free sample circular and big ( o-operatlve
Seed Guide, offering Field Seeds, all Ii Ends. Write today.
American Mutual Seed Co. ,Dept: 531 Chicago. Ill.

CLOVER SEED

SEND US SAMPLES FOR OUR BIDS,
YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED 00.. Owosso. Mich.

WANTED TO BU Y ”Bar‘e‘ F‘“
B uc k w h (-1 at,

Spring Rye Sripltz, Millet Spurry Sand Veteh Sweet;
Clo1er.F 1e:lds e.“ Soy Beans. Garden Beans Sueet
cm. 5. SBELL & COMPANY, Jackson. Mich

 

 

 

 

‘bpoafilizfer Agents Wanted. Responsible parties cap-
able of sellingin car load lots (15min or more) by an
lold mhfislied concern who mnnufactu re pure animal fertilizers.
For incarnation writefi. D Castle. Plymouth. Mich Samoa gent
7‘ gTheJ. L &H. SMler Benderingdc Fertilizei 00. Cleveland. Ohio

SEED CORN ‘7 varieties—‘00 100 and 110 day
com all northern dgrown.- full

lne farm salads—everything guarantee Oir fro

\VE‘S Antwerp. O. (Phuldilng Co. l

b M! Earh Prolific Seed Corn Every
, II 3 ear-inspected byus It gives best
results. Write Lenhardt Brothers, Osmesville. Ga.

1min Tin menial Farina Him Writing Murilsm

 

 

GLOVE‘BiTIMII'IIIY’lI'af

Pull Bié Stumps

[y hand

. Clear your stump land
cheaply—n0 digging, no
expense forteaim and powder.
One man with a K can rip out
any stump that can be pulled
with the best inch steel cable.
Vi'orks bylcveragc—same prin-
ciple as a jack. 100 pounds pull
on the lei er gii es a 48- ion pull
on the stump. Made of Krupp

stccl— guaranteed against

breakage. Endorsed by U. 5.
Government experts.

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
    

 

   

Showing
ear} lever
operation

   

HAND rowan

't u m p
Pu I I e r
Write today for special

offer and free booklet on
Land Clearing.

WalterJ.Fitzpatrick
Box 4

182 Fifth Street

San Francisco
California

9...,iilififis41?

DECIDED aamsmmvssrlonr: Ind Save “as;
Red Glover and Timothy mixed—the standard grasse
cannot besu nssed for bag or pasture. Containsl d
clover. just right to sow. T oroughly cleaned and sold
on_ a novel subject to gevermnenttest. . Ask for this
mixe seed if {on want our gregtest b in. Have Pure
Clover. Swee Clover, all ‘ield and Grass
Seeds.a Write today for free samples and loo-p. catalog.
“AMID ‘. IOWA

GRASS SEED 5555

Gunilla. v“unlawful values. Profits
$8.25 per b.u Timothy £2. 25. Alaike
Clover and Timothy thys4. 00. Sweet Clover 33.75.1511»
a.87 00. Other seeds in pro All
government test undermi- lute man dis-ck star-rte. Wears

    
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
  

 

 

 

. V , ' 'Annual Meeting
Quality Fooiwoar is 11 Useful am
You can’t think of anything that will
please any of the famil more than a
pair of sturdy “Ball- By
with the Red Ball Trade Mark.

was opened with a very interest-

ing and instructive talk by Mr.
Bassett on “Marketing Problems.” Mr.
Bassett is really the government’s ex-
pert on solving marketing problems
for the farmer, and his talk, which
was the result of his vast experience
in this line, had some very valuable
suggestions: One of the points he
brought out which the fruit grower
seldom thinks of, is that the consumer
of our farm products, especially fruit,
must be satisfied, otherwise he ceases
to be our customer. In the future the
fruit grower must make every effort to
make his product pleasing to the con-
sumer and at the same time be able to
furnish it to him at a reasonable price.
The Michigan fruit grower, who has
been very backward in attaining this
attitude toward the consumer, must
solve this phase of the problem or get
out of the business, for other fruit
growing sections will take away the
trade. The present attitude is to catch
the consumer, soak him and" then look
for someone else to soak; anything to
get rid of the stuff will do. Our sys-
tem of grading fruit is also at fault,
for a No. 1 apple means nothing, as
every fruit grower has his individual
idea as to what a No. 1 apple is. We
need either state laws 01‘ the co-opera-
tion of fruit growers in packing and
selling fruit under established brands.

Co-operation Necessary.

Co-operation is also needed in the
matter of marketing. At present the
distribution of fruit is faulty because
most of the fruit growers will ship
their fruit to markets already glutted.
Co-operative organizations can keep in
better touch with the market than the
individual grower and in that way
place the fruit to better advantage.
Co-operative selling is also of advan-
tage in holding trade. Regardless of
how good the individual grower’s fruit
is, he hasn’t enough to hold the trade
of any buyer while in co-operative sell-
ing bulk is sufficient to hold trade from
year to year. Although cooperation
is the solution of the marketing prob-
lem, there are many problems to solve
in the running of co-operative associa-
tions. Many fail because they are not
organized right and are co-operative in
word only. There is serious trouble in
the northwest, where co—operation is
developed to a very high extent, which
Mr. Bassett likens to a disease which
he calls “co—operative spotitis,” which
would indicate that there is co-opera-
tion in spots. Very often there is co-
operation Within the society but not
between societies. The buyer of fruit
who goes from one association to an-
other is repsonsible for this. He goes
about spreading discord among socie-
ties so that they are competitors in-
stead of co-operators for the common
good, and in time the stronger socie-
ties will try to eliminate the weaker
ones. To make the association itself
a success it is necessary to have the
members held by strong rules and
have a manager who is absolute au-
thority in the management of the af-
fairs of the society. Mr. Basset-t dwelt
at some length upon the market news
information which the Department of
Markets is furnishing fruit shippers.

,A description of this practical and

most valuable service has already been
given in detail in our columns.
The Anti-trust Law and the Farmer.

In speaking of the Sherman anti-
trust law Mr. Bassett said that it did

, not apply to the farmer and fruit grow-

er, as congress realized that organiza-
tions of farmers were different from
others because they were organiza-
tions of mutual help and economy, and
therefore were not included with—
in the scope of this law. In closing he
said that individual efforts were use—

iless because nothing has succeeded
may without cooperation.

 

 

sharing. money-"vi.“ SEED GUIDE which explains. Ii, free.
Widows 8.eedGo..Dept (Bl mica“.m i

Mr. Case, the next speaker, told his

of F ru1t Grewers

(Continued from last wek).
HE Wednesday afternoon session

secret of making an apple orchard hear
every year, which» was to thin thor-
oughly each year. For many years he
tried ,to make his Baldwin orchard
bear a crop annually instead of bi-an-
nually, but he did not hit updn the so«
lution of the problem until‘he had the
apple itself analyzed. This analysis
showed that the flesh of the apple was
over 95 per cent water, but that the
seed contained highly concentrated
plant food. From this. he came to the
realization that if he could grow fewer
but larger apples the drain on the trees
during bearing years would not be so
great. By the annual practice of thin-
ning immediately after the June drop
by eliminating all apples but one in a
cluster, and then immediately going
over the trees again and thinning the
fruit to not less than four inches apart
he has succeeded in getting his Bald-
win trees to bear in the off season an
average crop of two barrels per tree.
One of the chief difficulties in success-
fully carrying on this work is to get
the help to realize that a large amount
of fruit must be taken off. One year
all of his thinners went on strike be-
cause they did not want to pull so
much fruit.
Fruit Growing in Other States.

Prof. H. J. Eustace gave a very in-
teresting illustrated talk on “Horticul-
ture in Other States.” The slides were
from the best collection of photographs
which he picked up on his tour of ex-
amination of the principal fruit sec-
tions of the country. They were inter-
esting and contained suggestions for
improved orchard methods. A great
many of them showing western meth-
ods of fruit culture.

At three o’clock the ladies in attend-
ance left for the parlors of the Asso-
ciation of Commerce where they held
an informal meeting, Mrs. J. P. Mun-
son, of Grand Rapids, presiding.

The annual social event of the State
Horticultural Society took place Wed-
nesday evening, when the annual ban-
quet was held in the spacious parlors
of the new Fulton Street Methodist
Church. After a most delightful meal
furnished by the ladies of the church,
the diners listened to wisdom and hu-
mor from the prominent horticulturists
in attendance under the direction of
the most able toast master, Hon. Chas.
W. Garfield. ,

Orchard Heating for Michigan.

George Low, of Bangor, answered
the question, “Is Orchard Heating a.
Success?” Mr. Low has probably had
more experience with orchard heating
than any other grower in Michigan,
and he has been very successful in
combating frost injury, especially in a
1600-tree Duchess orchard. He gave a
detailed description of his large oil
reservoir and had on hand sample
heaters, frost indicators and other ap-
paratus necessary to successfully car—
ry on the work of fighting Jack Frost.
His talk was very similar to his article
in the Michigan Farmer,
this year.

Mr. C. F. Schneider, in charge of the
weather bureau at Grand Rapids, told
of the use of water as protection
against frost. Bodies of water near
orchards have beneficial influence be-
cause of the evaporation of moisture.
Also, if the body of water is large it
has a very beneficial tempering influ-
ence on the temperature. On this ac-
count Lake Michigan is a most valu-
able asset to the West Michigan fruit
belt. It has also been found that or-
chards which were newly plowed at
the time of frost danger escaped in-
jury because of the moisture influence
of the newly plowed ground. Spraying
fruit plantations at the time when
frost injury is likely, has also saved
crops.

Mr. W. E. Koch, of Benton Harbor,
suggested better business methods for
fruit growers. His talkwas full of in-
terest because so many fruit growers

(Continued on page .628). '

anc 23, 1910’ Q . I,

 

April 8 of ‘

 

 

 

  
  
     
 

 

 

   
  
  
 
  

  
 
 
   
   

           


 

 

 

 

 

 

  

' ration for young pigs.

starch. The residue may then consist

   

  

(

. in search of the best and cheap-
est concentrates wherewith to
. supplement his home-grown grains. He
knows that an unbalanced ration is
wasteful; that if the quantity of diges«_
tible protein is too small the animals
produce less milk Or beef. Further-
more, the other feed components,
starch, carbohydrates, fat, etc., if in
excess of the animal’s capacity for as-
similating them, are to some extent,
passed out of the body, incompletely
digested. Having tried a good many
mill feeds in handling a herd of dairy
cows, I am tempted to offer a few
notes on the more common kinds, that,
in my experience, seemed to possess
the highest nutritive value.

The Value of Cottonseed Meal.

As a concentrate, rich in protein,
cottonseed meal is unexcelled. Both
as a milk and beef producer it deserves
consideration. Analyses establish its
high feeding value and clearly demon-
strates that it holds the premier posi-
tion for the largest amount of digstible
protein to be had in any concentrate.
For growing yearlings and other young
stock it is unequaled, if fed moderate-
ly. It should not be fed to calves un-
der six months old or be included in a
A small quan-
tity may be fed to ewes after parturi-
tion, with advantage.

This valuable concentrate is the by-
product in the manufacture of cotton-
seed oil. The hull of the cottonseed is
removed, the kernel cooked and sub—
jected to'pressure to remove the oil.
The residue of cotton cakes are then
pulverized, in which form they are
placed on the market.

Cottonseed meal is frequently adul-
terated. If one is familiar with the
genuine article, the difference can be
easily detected. The pure meal is a
light golden color, and should be free
from black and brown specks. Hulls
are generally used to adulterate the
meal.

Another Good Concentrate.

Linseed meal gives good results
when fed to all classes of animals. On
account of its concentrated nature it,
of course, must be fed in moderate
quantities, and will be found valuable
to correct the deficiency of protein in
some of the homegrown food stuffs.
Containing a high percentage of crude
fat, it has a beneficial mechanical ef-
fect in rendering the passage of the
other components of a ration through
the alimentary canal less difficult.

This product is the residue left after
extracting the oil from flaxseed with
naphtha, benzine or a similar solvent
of oil matter. In the extraction of lin-
seed oil by the old process, the flax-
seed was subject to pressure. The
new process admits of more perfect re-
moval of the oil from the seed; there-
fore, linseed meal obtained from the
“new process” generally contains more
protein and less fat than the “01d proc-
ess” meal.

Gluten feed and gluten meal are two
important by~products from corn. Un-
fortunately these names are often con-
fused. The terms are very much alike
and yet there is quite a wide differ-
ence in the composition of the two pro-
ducts. Gluten meal is very much rich-
er in protein and fat than gluten feed,
whereas the latter is considerably high-
er in carbohydrates than the former.

A Good Corn By-product.

Gluten meal is the residue or part
of the residue, from the manufacture
of starch and, glucose. The process
consists, essentially in the separation,

starch and gluten; ‘and second, the
final separation of gluten from the

either of three products: a mixture of

any two of these components. or any
single component. In any case, the by.-
products are part of the. original corn,
but when prepared'for market they dif-

' A T this season the careful feeder is

ture.
few degrees the butter refuses to gath-
er, a‘ further raise of temperature is
first, of the germ and hull from the necessary.
perature does not give satisfactory re-
sults, add cold, pure water until the
cream is diluted down to about the
thickness of milk, re-separate the mix-
gluten, germ and hulls, a mixture of ture and. discard the skim-milk. The
cream should then churn easily but
upon failure to produce butter
cream should again be diluted and re-
separated.

 

fer from it, and from each other in the
amount of nutrients and also in
appearance. The entire residue is call-
ed gluten feed. It is a bright yellow
color, more bulky than corn meal. The
increased bulk is due to the presence
of a larger proportion of bran in the
gluten feed. Gluten by itself is dis-
tinguished by a high content of pro-
tein, and a deeper yellow color. This
product is called gluten meal. Both
the “feed” and the “meal” are exceeds
ingly valuable feeds for dairy cows,
when it is desired to increase the pro-
portion of protein in the ration. The
latter would, of course, be more effec-
tive but it is an exceptionally heavy
meal, and a little more care would be
necessary with its use.

Wheat bran is one of our best
known by-products. It contains protein,
fat, ash and soluble carbohydrates in
such proportion as to make it an ex-
ceedingly valuable component of a
dairy ration. Owing to its bulky na-
ture it is a splendid material with
which to mix the heavier feeds men-
tioned. J. H. MCKENNEY.

Better F arming Calls for
Better Lighting

ND that means electricity. You can have this
clean, safe light no matter where you live, or how
large or small your farm, and at very reasonable cost.
Once you know the safety, the‘cleanliness, the conven—
ience, the economy of electric light, you will never go
back to the old methods.

 

DIFFICULT CHURNING.

 

Failure to get butter “to come” by
churning is not an uncommon experi-
ence during the winter season. The
trouble most often occurs on those
farnis where only a few cows are milk-
ed. If the milk of one or two animals
is responsible for the difficult churn-
ing, other milk when mixed with it
will overcome the trouble. Usually
when the trouble occurs it is due to
one of two causes; an incorrect churn-
ing temperature, or because of the pe-
culiar composition of some milk and
cream.

During the cold months of the year
cream should be churned at a higher
temperature than during the summer
months. For this reason a careful reg-
ulation of the temperature is neces-
sary to give the proper ease in churn-
ing. If the temperature at Which one
churns is not high during the winter
months, the cream must be churned a
longer time to form butter. One may
churn at so low a temperature that
butter will not form with a reasonable
amount of churning.

Sometimes when cold cream is agi-
tated in the churn it will whip and ex-
pand until the churn is nearly full. In
this condition butter will not form be-
cause the cream cannot be sufficiently
agitated. When a .low temperature of
the cream is the cause of difficult
churning the trouble may be easily
corrected by raising the temperature.
As the winter season approaches there
is usually a larger number of stripper
cows. When a cow becomes nearly
dry the butter-fat globules in the milk
become very small and collect with
great difficulty on being agitated in the
churn. During the winter the feed is
such that the fat globules become very
much harder and this likewise inter-
feres with ease in churning. The cream
also becomes more viscous as the ani.
mals advance in their lactation period
and this again makes churning more
difficult.

Whenever butter granules fail to ap-
pear in about 30 to 40 minutes’ churn-
ing.
temperature. It is well to raise the
temperature only a few degrees at a
time for if too warm the cream will
give butter with a very soft salvy tex-
If on raising the temperature a

  

the cream should be raised in ‘

 

Western Electric
Farm Lighting Outfits

are made to suit your requirements. If you have a large farm,
there is a large outfit for it—and vice versa. You can get just
the outfit you need—not larger than you need, nor smaller.

The Western Electric Farm Lighting Outfit hitches up to
your own gas engine. It furnishes brilliant light anywhere
you want it. Prices, $175 up.

Write at once for your free copy of “Brightening Up the
Farm.” It’s just packed with the very information you need
about farm lighting.

@5‘3';

   

WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY

INCORPORATED
500 South Clinton Street, Chicago, Ill.
EQUIPMENT FOR EVERY necrmcnn NEED

 

I WESTERN ELECTRIC COMPANY:
Please send me, AT ONCE, illustrated book-let. No. MF»24
l on your Electric Farm Lighting Outfit.

Name

 

 

I P.‘O. Address .. ._

 

 

 

I State

 

 

 

  
   
 
   
 
 
 

THE“TALE"°FA PIG '

WRITE FOR IT

This snappy. little story hnl
some money-melting pointers.
..l \ ié'ot 'i‘i‘hkl interesting, free.
, w ‘ e l . ' t‘ -
‘ ' Hillllllllllllli' 6 lore shout (ha: Leftover-13%|“
~ . :1 HEESEN srocx

I:
, FEED COOKER

\
Cent Iron Hog Trondho. etc.
3 Learn how 55 nrnero nre
Boo-ting Profito and Elimi-
nating Disease by feeding
their Itoclr ooohed teed. A
cooker hen n hundred user on the form. Write us.

N BROS. & CO.
Box 619

Tecumseh. Michigan

Nelsonl‘ank Heater
Two weeks Fire Trial

   

w it??? 311-0

Fire and Frost proof-No paint—Io cost for
up-keep—No rust—No decay—No hoopla or
guy wires to look alter—No swelling or
shrinkage. Get our “Earn Cost then Pay."
Secure crop insurance for your use, with
object lesson on your farm, enabling you
to sell this insurance in your community.
Slut Today. Dept. 100

sno ranlncamvrsmm co.

Kalamazoo. Michigan

   
 

n

I
. 1

 

Safe and Sure

catches easily and locks firmly.
straight pull—no twisting. Your b
Wlll respect the

STONE BULL STAFF
Shepherd’s crook, automatic latch,
easy to release, taper socket riv-
etted fast to 5-foot heavy ash

handle. ,

 

   

 

Guaranteed.

   
   

 

 

 

  
 

Write for free circular.
Heats water in half the time with half the fuel. In. " '""‘""s‘ so): ' zen romenov. ' “j
Burns trash cobs, wood or coal. All heat under
water. , in use. If you don't think it worth
double the price, return it at our expense. ’
BOOK ON

   

~ NIL!!!" M'F'c GO. ‘ ‘
' 18 Nelson Ave.
,DEERFIELD. WIS.

      

DOG DISEASES
And How to Feed

  

 

\. Mailed free to any address by
Amofh's the Author
Pioneer H. CLAY CLOVER C0., Inc.
Do: Remedies 118 West 3m Street, New York

 

 

 

 

 

”EARN AUCTIDNEERING greatness:

 

Whenever a raise of tem-

the

and become independent with no capital invested.
Exery branch of the business taught in 5 weeks.
Write today for free catalog.

JONES' NAT'L SCHOOL OF AUCTIONEERING.
28 N. Sacramento Blvd.. Chic-go. . Ill. Cereyu. Jones. Pru.

'r'tow stem—sail

 

' on mush-end about the at.
ll I I E l lll’lll‘l’lc II!!! II
for cows and h

WANTED AN [DEA-Who can think of nimple
~thing to atent? Protect

r ideas they may bring you was th. rite for
‘Needed Inventions ' and "HOW to get Your Patent
and Your Money." RANDOLPH & 00.. PATENT
ATTORNEYS, DEPT. 67. WASHINGTON. D. O.

 

 

When writing to advertisers please

 

 

 

 

\

Mo. Agr. College. i

 

 

mention The Michigan Farmer. '

     
     
 
   
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
  
   
   
   
    
   
   
   
  
  
   
 
   
  
  
   
   
  
   
    
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
     
   
  
  
   
   
   
    
  
  
   
    
  
  
   
 
   
     
  
   
  
   
   
   
  
    
  
   
   

 

.3, V
w.
4

 

 

.: r' . a. ' ‘ < . ~

”It!“ . ' . . .. . l w ~ .

. V'r'2."»~"< ... .,,,. » , ._ ‘
4....3. ‘ , ‘2’: .;~" ,.._. m ,. g‘ww

         
 
   
 
  


 

MONG the accessories to food
products which are of very great
importance are the spices, cat-

sups, table sauces, pickles, etc., which
are found in greater or less abundance
on every table. By calling these ac-
cessories we do not mean to imply that
they are devoid of food properties. In
fact, practically all of the accessories

, which we have been discussing have

some food value, but it is not because
of their food value as foods, that is,
their energy replacing value in the
human body, that they are valued in
the diet but because of their adjunct
relationship to foods.

Let us take, for instance, tomato
catsup and its various modifications.
The basis of tomato catsup, chili
sauce, etc., is tomatoes, of course, but
one scarcely eats tomatoes or tomato
catsup because of the food properties
which that product contributes. For,
laying aside the sugar which the pro-
duct carries after manufacture, the
amount of food nutrients which are
contributed to the diet by the small
amount of catsup consumed is almost
negligible. Nevertheless, the tomato
products are foods and are properly
considered under that heading. Their
value in the diet, like coffee, tea, cocoa
or chocolate, beef tea, and vinegar, is
out of all proportion to the value which
they furnish as foods.

Table Sauces Have Been Much
Adulterated.

Catsup and table sauces are of very
variable composition and these pro-
ducts have probably in previous years
been as much subjected to adultera-
tion as any class of food products. It
has taken quite a long time to secure
a clean and proper manufacture of to-
mato products. This being one of the
cheapest fruits, it is very extensively
canned throughout the country and
during the rush season of the year
when they must be marketed within a
comparatively short period of time, un-
til recent years, close scrutiny of the
canning operations has not been con-
ducted. At the present time, however,
the condition in this industry is very
excellent and the type of tomato pro—
ducts which :ire on the market at the
present time is certainly a credit to
this industry.

The value of tomato products con-
sists almost entirely in their peculiar
condimental properties, and the dis-
tinctive flavor which they contribute.
Tomato catsup has for its base tomato
pulp, and under the rigid inspection
methods which are maintained by the
Department of Agriculture, one is cer-
tain of getting a pretty satisfactory
product.

These Products Are Now Manufactur-
ed Under Careful Scrutiny.

The process of the manufacture. of
tomato catsup commercially is to re-
move the skins and seeds of the fruit
and then to pulp the product through
a pulp machine which renders it; very
fine. The pulp is then usually canned
and stored until the time of the manu~
facture of the catsup. In the process
of the manufacture of catsup, spices of
various kinds are used, as well as
sugar and vinegar, in addition to the
tomatoes. This product then, tomato
catsup, differs very materially in flavor
from the original tomato. In fact, to-
mato catsup may be considered to be
a distinctive product, having very few
of the characteristics in common with
the basic material from which it is
made. Some manufacturers still use
preservatives in the preparation of to-
mato catsup but with the exception of
one or two, most concerns have con-
cluded that the public desires a pro-
duct free from added chemical pre-
servatives. , -

Some Spices Are Used for Furnishing
Coloring Matter.
One' of the points which have given

.1 f :5

the manufacturers of catsup the great- I
est trouble has been the question of .

color. The color of the home-made

catsup is very much darker than is the ' ,
color of the tomatoes used. This modi— f .

fication of color is brought about
through the influence of the cooking
and the spices which are used. The
manufacturers of the commercial pro-
duct desire to keep the color as near
that of fresh, ripe tomatoes as is pos-
sible. Consequently in the early days
artificial color was used to bring this
about. Most manufacturers at the
present time do not use artificial col-
oring, one reason being that federal
laws require that. when color is used
the fact of its employment shall be
plainly stated upon the label, so the
manufacturers use a label now which
reads, “Contains no added artificial col-
or.” In spite of this many of the cat-
sups on the market are very brilliant
in color. We have understood this to
be brought about in many cases by a
careful selection of the type of spices
used. Paprika contains a very great
deal of coloring matter and is a mild
pepper, so that large quantities of this
product may be used. without getting
the product overspiced. In this way
the bright color of the paprika imparts
itself to the finished product and thus
accomplishes in reality the effect of
the addition of artificial coloring mat-
ter although it is maintained by the
manufacturers that this paprika con-
tributes real value and the fact that it
contributes color is merely an incident
to its employment in the product.

Table Sauces Are Largely Condimental
in Character.

Canned tomatoes, tomato catsups,
chili sauce, etc., are exceedingly valu-
able adjuncts to the diet and have the
same excuse for their use that the oth-
er accessories which we have discuss-
ed likewise have. As an indication of
the amount of material which may be
construed as food- material in these ac-
cessories, one of the United States De-
partment of Agriculture bulletins gives

the following fuel values of one pound '

of these different accessories:

Tomato catsup ......... ‘ ......... 265
Horseradish ..................... 230
‘rreen olives .................... 1025
Ripe olives ...................... 975
Cucumber pickles ............... 70
Mixed pickles ................... 110
Spiced pickles .................. . 395

The most common pickles, namely
cucumber pickles, contain, as prepared
for food purposes, seven per cent of
total solids. Of this seven per cent
nearly three per cent is starches and
sugars and about 0.5 per cent protein.

In the preparation of mixed pickles, or-

gherkins, cauliflower, sornetimes cab-
bage, onions, beans, etc., are very fre-
quently used. These products are still
quite frequently treated with preserva-
tives, such as sodium benzoate and
sometimes alum, in which cases the
label must, advise the consumer of the
fact.

Preservatives, Even in Pickles, is Quite

lnexcusable.

We think the use of preservatives or
alum in pickles is a very undesirable
practice, especially in view of the fact
that very frequently in mixed pickles
some one product in the bottle absorbs
an undue quantity of the preservative
so that while the label may state that
the product contains only 0.1 per cent,
it is possible for the onions, for in—
stance, in the same package to contain
practically three times the amount,
due to the phenomenon of selective ab-
sorption, which condition we discover-
ed a few years, ago in making an in-
vestigation of preservatives in pickles.
It is difficult to consider that such a
product as horese-radish contributes
any real food value to the diet. It is
used in exceedingly small quantities
and entirely regardless of any merit as
' (Continued on page 619).

Accessories to Foods
’By FLOYD w. ROBISON ‘ '
Table Sauces

 

 

 

: ,
.5

.,c .l.
A,': ,‘

  

Loyal to the Service

They Upheld Each Other’s Hands

The public must be served.
This is the dominating thought of
the entire Bell organization from the
president down. Every employe
feels the sense of responsibility that
this working principle implies. The
public must be served —eihciently,
uninterruptedly.

in the fulfilment of this policy,
the management of the Bell System
realizes that every individual em-
ploye must give undivided and
undistracted effort and interest to
his work.

To assure this, every worker re-
ceives adequate remuneration,
ample protection in case of illness
and provision for old age. All these
personal matters are cared for so
that the employe has the least pos-

 
 
  

One Policy

One System

‘ sible Worry regarding his own wel-
fare. His whole-hearted attention
can be devoted to serving the public.

While each employe realizes
that he is but a single factor, he
understands that not only is su-
preme personal effort expected of
him, but also a loyal support to
every other telephone worker.

,;There is something in the tele4
phone organization which imbues
every employe with a spirit of
loyalty to the public. All feel a
direct responsibility for each other
because each recognizes that only
by mutual endeavor can they render
the high standard of service which
is expected of them.. They uphold
each other's hands so that the
public may be served.

AMERICAN TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY
AND-A$$OCIATED COMPANIES

Universal Service

 

   
     
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
  
      
     
 
 
    

  

  

  
        
   

   

 

   

it ,
ll .
"I” l

r all
it

ll " it
_ A it. Mil
3? 'l l
l
l.

 
 

. filth
ts ,

178 Jefferson Ave.

 

 

 

Canada’s Liberal Offer of .
Wheat Land to Settlers

isopen to you—_to every farmer or farmer's
son who is anxxous to establish for himself a
happy home and prosperity. Canada’s hearty
invitation this_year is more attractive than
ever. Wheat is much higher but her fertile
farm land Just as cheap, and in the provinces
of Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta

160 Am Homesteads Arc Actually Free to Settlers
and Other Land Sold at from $15 to $20 Per Acre
The great demand for Canadian Wheat will
keep up the price. Where a farmer can get
near $2 for wheat and raise 20 to 45 bushels to

acre he is bound
what you can expect in Western Canada. Won-
derful yields also of Oats, Barley and Flax. , ,
Mixed Farmin in Western Canada is fully as a -‘
. profitable an industry as grain raising. ‘- ‘
The excellent grasses, full of nutrition, are the only food ‘
required either for beef or dairy purposes. Cood schools, ‘
\l churches,_markcts convenient-climate excellent. Mili~ . .
, ’\ .tary servree is not compulsory in Canada but there is an
‘l l ‘ unusual demand for farm labor to replace the many

‘ your men who have volunteered for _
l ~ ,, or 11 culture and particulars as to reduced railway rates
"r"“ to Supt. of Immigration. Otto.

M. v.‘ MclNNES,

  

to make money—that’s

the war. Write

w

wu. Can..orto

Detroit. Mich.
Canadian Gov’t Agt.

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

Nearly always fol-
lows When seed bed
is properly prepared.

The KRAMER
Rotary Harrow

Discs levels and ulver-
imn onetime' . icker

   

Easily put on any
horse or tractor plow.
. Makes even stand.

Tnlgugggps aged gezriréilrgtion—bringa
Low price. Address— nu..- ruo —-wuu.

(KRAMER ROTARY NARROW 00.
Dom. 12 MORTON. ILLINOIS

W

Mention the Michigan Farmer when vrmnr‘luv'emrérs/

 

 

 

   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
      
   
   
   
   
     
   
   
   
   
  

 

 

 

 

 


   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

LITERATURE 97w FARM BOY
POETRY «me GIRL
HISTORY an? SCIENTIFIC an?
. I, INFORMATION MECHANICAL
( This Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere

LETTER to Nephew Bill, who is
going to spend Christmas with
his uncle in the country:

Dear Bill:—-Your aunt and I enjoyed
your last letter very much, and we are
getting primed for a good visit with
you when the local sneezes into our
bright little village on the night of the
twenty-fourth. You ask what to bring
all the folks, and wonder what will
please them. Just pack a grip full of
happy smiles and keep them jumping
around the house on Christmas day
and we won’t worry about getting a
new handkerchief, a pair of dainty
socks or a superfluous shaving mug.
You might bring along your check
book though, Bill, we are going to run
this Christmas like we‘ did last year’s.

iillliillIllliliIlll|[iHilllllllIllIllillllillllliillilllillllillllilllllllllliHIHHIHHHliliilliiil

 

 

Lloyd-George Becomes Britain’s New
Prime Minister.

 

 

Police Start Campaign 'of Education to
Precent Accidents and Crime.

Christmas Giving by Uncle Abe—

By R. G. KIRBY

Just about one year ago your Aunt
and 'I began talking Christmas plans.
Cousin John was over, and his wife
and two big boys who are working in
Chicago now. They were on the farm
then, and, by the way, they have had
enough off-paying bills in “Chi” and
they are coming back to the farm the
week before Christmas. Well! we be-
ban talking this “present business” and
finally we doped up a little scheme
which worked good enough to make it
a habit. It seems year before last I
gave Cousin John one necktie which

IiillllHi?!EllilllillllilliiillllllllilliiilllliilliliNHIiliiiiiHillilliliiiiHHHlilHHHlHif!iHfill?ii{HiiiliiiliHiHHIHHHHHHHiHHHHIHHlililllIllHHillliiiiiliilHIHHIHHIHHHIHHHHHHHillliil Milli? in

WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES

 

French Soldiers Ready for Winter
Campaign on Western Front.

cost fifty cents. John presented me
with one of these ornamental copies of
a poem which I had read fifty years
ago, and didn’t like it then. I bought
John’s boys each a pair of nifty gloves.
The boys didn’t say anything, but I
found later that they were too small
and the boys had plenty of gloves any-
way, and didn’t think much of me as a
glove buyer. They came from a mail
order house where we ordered them
two months before Christmas so there
wasn’t much show of the kids chang~
ing them. Anyway, they clubbed to-

ill

 

 

 

She Performs Duties as Town Crier in

War Stricken District.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

.AmniunitlonBelng Careleesly Loaded on Lighter‘at New

Jersey Front.

 

 

Pennsylvania—Queen of Uncle Sam's Armada off for Speed Tests.

HHiliH'lliliiiiilil lillllllil!lllllHiz'lTlI'i’.’

Dr.

 

gether and bought me a pair of Jim
Morgan’s special sale house slippers.
Those slippers didn‘t fit and the bot-

tom lining always slipped up in little‘

balls and wrinkles and my old pair of
house slippers were guaranteed ten
years ago for five years, and I think
they will wear fifteen years more.

Of course, we had a lot of fun for
Christmas and enjoyed the junk, but
we began to get so practical during
Cousin John’s visit that wife thought
it was almost sacriligious. We calcu-
lated up costs of presents and we
found that I had spent more than twen-

ty dollars for stuff that wasn’t needed, .

and I had received twenty dollars or
more worth of junk not as practical as
regular kindling wood. Most all the

'iiliilIHliliIIHlHill“!!!lHillHillillllllIllHHIIHHHIIHHIIHII|IIHIHHIHliililllliill”Willi.“iiiilillllllil

Henry Van Dyke. U. S. Ambassa-
dor to Holland, and Daughter.

 

New Motor Vehicle Weighing 50 lbs.

that May Become P0pular in Cities.

 

French Tractor Digs Trenches and Constructs Breastworks as it Travels.

Copyright by Underwood it Underwood, New York

    

       
       
   

 
  
  
  
     
  
   
    
    
    
    
   
   
   
   
   
  
    
     
    
   
        
   


   
 
 

 

 

I talks at our Christmas spread "report-
-"ed'.'the same experience. We talked it

1 ,_ over in such a frank sort of manner

  

 
    
     
   
    

that I was awful scared about our per-

petual friendship, but things worked

» , fine and we came out of the chat feel-

ing so sensible that it made us proud
of ourselves. It seems by actual figur-

- ing that real value is what counts.

That being the case every giver in our
crowd spent from ten to twenty—five
dollars for Christmas presents ~ and
only received back an intrinsic value
of about twenty per cent. Guess “in-
trinsic value” is what the preacher
would call it; anyway, maybe I’m ex-
aggerating when I say my mess of
gifts was worth so much.

5.What do you think we did, Bill?
Well, I gets out an old envelope which
brought back a broiler check from Chi-
cago, and writes on it: Abe, $25. And
then‘John he looks satisfied and he
says, “John, $25.” And then both of
the boys hawed around for a while
thinking about the good old days when
they were little, and finally they acted
like real men. “We will give $10.00
each,” shouted George on my deaf side.
Wife said She would give $20, which
would be $5.00 less than I did, and she
said that extra $5.00 would be spent
for real sensible Christmas fixings.
That sounded like good judgment to
all of us. I figured up the contribu-
tions on the smudgy envelope and it
came to $90, and we paid it all in right
away and sent her off to the Belgian
Relief Fund, and didn’t regret it a bit.

Of course, you may say our own lit-
tle Christmas party didn’t spend that
much among ourselves. That one
crowd certainly did not, but all the
junk we were accustomed to send out
came that high, also cost a lot for
stamps, and loaded down poor Freder-
ick, our mail man, until he nearly kill-
ed a perfeclty good ex-trotting horse
hauling it to the village.

We decidtd to send postal cards to
all our friends and wish them a Merry
Christmas instead of burdening them
with an obligation. It worked fine and
I think it is the first Christmas that
our family ever did any of the real
good of the kind the Lord must like to
see‘happen around these parts at least
once each year. That’s why I say to
bring your check book and a smile,
Billy, for we are going toduplicate the
little custom which began last year.

After Cousin John and I and Wife
and the boys made arrangements for
helping the Belgians, we began to think
of our little home celebration. It was
a dandy. I killed a turkey. Wife in-
vaded the 1vegetable and fruit cellar
and brought up everything from pota-
toes to peaches, which were raised on
our own place. Wife’s five dollar
Christmas fund purchased nuts, choc-
olate bars, oyster stufling for the tur-
‘key and one good cigar for John, who
has the unfortunate smoking habit.
That afternoon we helped wife wipe
the dishes and then gathered around
the fireplace and just talked. First, it
was war news and we were feeling
quite decent, since we had taken a
financial interest in the only good
thing about a war, which is the chance
to help the under dog. Then we dis—
cussed politics and Panama Canal and
ditch taxes and we had a heap of fun,
and Christmas was a success, the big-
gest success of any Christmas that I
remember since pulling a rocking
horse out of the fireplace at age four
years and five months.

We think you will like our style of
Christmas, Bill, and this year we are
going to have a little voting contest to
sue who gets the cash. It may be Bel-
gium, Armenia, Poland, Servia, Big
Brother fund, Tuberculosis Campaign
or Red Cross, or maybe something else
Will turn up that’s more worthy. You
never can tell in this shifty old world
just what’s going to happen, but when
there is a chance to keep Christmas
with a clear conscience we are not go-
ing to desecrate the day by turning it
into a collection time for ornamental
junk that we don’t need.

0

Honestly", Bill, it some imes ake

me sick how impractical folks do get-

in celebrating what they call the
Christmas spirit. Two or three years
ago, I think that was. the date, they
raised a fund in Sunday School to buy
a big box of things for the Widow
JOhnson who lives down by the rail-
road with six kids, all under fifteen
years old. They appointed a commit.
tee to act as purchasing agents and
they went down and kept on purchas-
ing until they had two ‘fine turkeys,
some canned pickles, a lot of mushy
plums supposed to be fresh from Cali-
fornia or some other place far enough
away to make them expensive, a box
of candy, a can of oysters and some
other things which gave the little
Johnsons one hurrah of a time, and
also some stomach aches, and the
whole thing was over in one day. Oh,
I forgot to say that Mrs. Johnson need-
ed some shoes worse than anything
and the committee, after much wordy
argument, decided which was the pret-
tiest silk umbrella, and they sent it to
her wrapped in tissue paper and tied
with holly berry ribbon. It looked fine.

I heard about it and just pitied those
poor Johnson kids, who received so
much joy in one day that it made
them sick thinking about it all the rest
of the winter. Last year they raised
another fund for the Johnsons, and
wife was one of the purchasing com-
mittee. We talked over the little deal
right here at home, and then wife talk-
ed some when there was a committee

  

key; oystemI’cand etc. ., without any»
substantial stuff? They did not.

  

Widow Johnson get a silk umbrella?
Shedid not, The order went up on
Christmas morning and it didn’t cost

any more than the year before, but it .

took Lem Watkins’ sleigh-riding wag-
on to haul in the stuff. There were
twenty-four cans of baked beans, four
bushels of potatoes, two bushels of
Spy apples, two wool blankets, a pail
of lard, etc., and I dropped in four doz-
en fresh eggs in cardboard boxes. We
just allowed enough candy to make the
kids know it was Christmas, and the
result was they had wholesome lunch-
es down there at Johnson’s for more
than one day.

This is a funny world, Billy, and we
seem to forget a lot of practical things
which might give more pleasure than
all the frills attached to some of our
celebrations, like Christmas for in-
stance. Possibly even a war has its
use. It makes a lot of us think, and
thinking pays. It is only a little while
to Christmas and maybe you won’t
like our new scheme for distributing
Christmas spirit. Let me know what
you think about it, it won’t be neces»
sary to write, just appear on Christ-
mas Eve with the check book and the
grip of smiles—not another package in
sight and I will know that you are with
us heart and soul for a good time and
a sensible Christmas.

As ever,
UNCLE ABE.

IHiIIIIIHHIIIIHHIIlHllIllIlllllllIilIllllllllllllIIIIIIIHIHIHIIHHHIIlllllllllHllHIIIIHIIIHIIHIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIi 'HllIEHIIIIHH"HlllIIHIIIIII!l|IIIIIIHHIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIII'IIHIIIIIIH||Illillllllll.IIIHHIIHINIIIllllllllllltlllllllllll

Lima Bean Industry of the West

By DOROTHA MCBRIDE

HE first Lima beans grown in
Southern California were plant-

ed in the Carpentaria Valley.
The experiment proved to be a great
success. From Carpenteria. it spread
to other sections until now Lima beans
are the source of income to hundreds
of ranchers in that state.
One reason why this industry is so
profitable in Southern California is the

 

Single Lima Bean Bush Loaded with
Pods.

climatic conditions and soil seem es-

pecially adapted to it. Very little, if
any rain falls between seed time and
harvest so no poles are necessary. The
surface ground becomes dry before the
vines spread over it. The roots, how-
ever, are deep in rich damp soil, which
with the moisture—laden breezes from
the Pacific keeps the vines green and
growing until the crop is matured.

The beans are best planted in early
May after the soil is free from the sur-
plus moisture of the heavy winter
rains, if the ground is too damp at the
time of planting the seeds rot. To en-
courage deep rooting of plants and
preserve all the moisture the land
should be plowed eight inches deep in
the early spring. Early plowing allows
the land to settle which is better for
the seed germination. An ideal seed
bed should be firm but not compact
with a dust mulch two or three inches
deep to hold the moisture.

From 40 to 60 pounds of seed are
used to the acre, depending on variety.
of seed and soil conditions. Regular
bean planters are on the market but a
grain drill with a specially made plate
is quite satisfactory.

During the growing season the
ground is given several shallow culti-
vatibns until the vines cover the

 

ground. One or two irrigations are
also given during this period unless
there has been abundant winter rains
and the ground has held the moisture
remarkably well. Very promising look-
ing vines sometimes do not mature the
beans well because they have been ir-
rigated too much and cultivated too
little.

The pods begin to turn yellow and
ripen from about August 25 to Septem-
ber 25. The vines are then out just
beneath the ground and thrown into
small piles for curing. In harvesting
five to six acres is considered a day’s
work, while in piling a man will only
accomplish from three to four acres.

After the beans are cured the
threshing is begun. This is done by
a large threshing outfit and usually
1000 to 2500 sacks are threshed in a
single day. The usual charge is from
20 to 35 cents per sack for this work.
After the threshing is done it is inter-
esting to watch the women and chil‘
dren at work gleaning. This method
is too slow for commercial purposes
but is economical for domestic uses.
The yield of Lima beans ranges from
800 to 2000 pounds per acre, the aver-

 

 

Pitching the Padded Vines into the
Chute of the Cannery.

age being about 1120 pounds. The
farmers’ selling price ranges from
four to six cents per pound and the
average cost of production $20 per acre
so that the net returns are from $50to
$60. California bean land is valued at
$250 to $500 per acre.

When Lima beans are to be canned
the young plants are out while the
bean is still small, and taken to the
cannery where they are loaded into
chutes, the beans are taken out by a
mechanical process and the plants and

haps the most popular varieties are

the Carpenteria Pole Lima, Burpees”

Improved Bush Lima and the Ford-
hook Bush Lima. _

Michig‘an white beans are selling at
present for more than California Li-
mas, but in this coming season the
Limas will probably catch up and may-
be surpass ours on account of the ear-
ly rains which in many of the coast
counties utterly ruined the crop.

ANGEL MESSENGERS.

 

BY L. MYRTLE SOURS.

Under a starry midnight sky
The sheep lay soft and white,
When the gates of Heaven were op-
ened wide
And flooded them all with light;
And down from the golden gates there
came,
From the choir of Heaven above,
A band of angels, all in white,
With a message of peace and love.

The shepherds were busy watching
their sheep
And heard not the soft whirr of
win n;gs
They knew not that Heaven had open-
ed her gates
Where her angel choir sings,
Till an angel came suddenly down
where they lay
With glory that flooded the night,
And startled the shepherds, who trem-
bled with fear,
In the midst of the beautiful light.
“Fear not,” said the angel, “glad tid-
ings I bring,
A message of wonderful joy;
For down in a mange1 in Bethlehem’ 3
stall
Is resting a beautiful boy——
God’s Son, and your Savior, the Christ,
promised long——
You’ll find Him there swaddled in
bands,
But peace and goodwill and forgive-
ness He brings
To the people who dwell
lands.”

in all

Then, quick! through the glory, that
flutter of wing as!
A vision of angels all fair—
And, “Glory to God in the highest!”
rang out
In the midst of the still midnight air.
“Peace on earth,” rang the song, “and
good- -will\ unto men,”
With praise to the Father above;
And through the deep stillness that fol-
lowed the song
Still echoed the message of love.

And down through the ages, with com-
fort and cheer,

Still echoes on each Christmas morn,

The beautiful song that the angels

san
When Jesus, the Savior, was born.
And still, 0’ er the shepherds and flocks
of white sheep,
A glory and beauty are thrown,
For to them, in the stillness of that
happy night,
First, the coming of Christ was made
known.

SANTA’S GIFTS.

 

BY LALIA MITCHELL.
Santa Claus brought me a drum and
sled;
A trumpet to blow and a top painted

A big box of candy, a knife and a gun,

A box of toy soldiers, and all these
are fun;

But finest of all Santa brought me a

pair
Of gloves of the kind Father likes best
to wear.

Santa Clause brought me a plate and

a cup,

A doll that says Mamma and even
stands up,

A book and a pencil, a Christmas card
bright,

A set of play dishes all shiny and
white

But best of them all, Santa brought
me, he did,

Some gloves just like Mamma’s and i

really true kid.

Santa Clause brought us a whole let

of toys.
The velrys kind dearest to wee girls and
0Y3
And we were exCited, as children
should be -

As we opened each package that came
from the tree.
But dearest of all Santa’ 5 gifts that we

kne
Were the kind he brought Daddy. and
Mother Dear, too. '

There are 25 varieties of Lima beans‘ '
grown in Santa Barbarajcounty.Per1..

 

 

  
    

 
   
       
     
    
    
     
    
    
   
  
 
   
 
 
   
  
  
  
 
   
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
   
   
  
 
 
   
 
  
    
  
  
  
  
   
   
  
  
  
   
 
   
    
   
  
 
  
  
  
   
  
   
   
   
 
   
 
   
   
 
  
 
  
  
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
   
  
 
  
   
 
  
     
       
   
   
      

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
   


 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

'back out quick.

 

' “Something told me I was makin’
the right move,” she thought, her lips
framing the words. “You can bank on
a forty-four." ’

Stoddard was reading accurately
What was in her mind, and it was this
that halted his speech. He had no
heart for telling her the truth; he
could not bring himself to the point of
slaying her simple and wholesome
faith. What could he do?

Sadie’s mind was running, still run-

ning placidly in the same channel of m
contentment, strong in the assurance

that she was truly born for this new
life.

“I can do ’most any kind of work
after a little practical guess,” she
said. “I’ve got the strength, you see.
There’s a whole lot of the girls back

' down in Buffalo who couldn’t stand it.

The main thing is to find out what you
can stand, I suppose, and then go to it.”

“That’s good philosophy,” he com~
mented.
“Is it? I don’t know much about

philosophy, but that’s the way it al-
ways seemed to me. And when you
don’t fit in, why, the best game is to
Speakin’ of it, I
never saw a woman back out so quick
as I did today. I’ve been puzzling over
it ever since. I didn’t know she had
sense enough.”

Stoddard waited for her to go on.

“I met her comin’ up on the train,”
explained Sadie. “She was alone and
I was alone, and we got to talkin’. She
was different from me; she was an ed-
ucated lady. She was goin’ to Deep-
water, too—up to the other station.
Her brother and husband are campin’
there, she told -me. And all the while
she was talkin’ about goin’ to live in
that camp ‘I kept wonderin how .she
was goin’ to stand it.

“She was a slight little thing and
seemed kinda timid about it. Said she
hadn’t ever been up‘here before, but
her husband told her it would do her
a lot of good. Of course, I hadn’t
been up here either, but I left like a
regular old-timer alongside of her. She
said if she didn’t like it she wouldn’t
stay here long—and she didn’t!”

Sadie stOpped to laugh.

“Go on!” commanded Stoddardjn a
queer voice.

“Well, I got off here, of course,” she
continued, still chuckling, “and we said
good-by, and she went on up to the
regular station. After I’d been here a
little while I heard another train com-
in’. Pretty soon it went by, goin’ in
the other direction. And what do you
guess?”

“I’m not guessing. Go on,”
grimly. .

“Well, Mr. Stoddard, there was that
lady sittin’ on the platform of one of
the cars. She was sittin’ there like
she was dreamin’.. She was holdin’ on
to her grip with one arm and she was
starin’ at a piece of paper in her hand.

“I was so surprised I just let a yell
out. She looked up at me, all startled
like, and opened her mouth. I don’t
know whether she said anything; I
cOuldn’t hear. It was all in a second,
anyhow. Then she was gone.”

Sadie paused and shook her head
slowly.

“It certainly beat me,” she added.
“I oughtn’t to laugh, maybe, but I
can’t help it. That was the quickest
mindchangin’ act I ever knew.

“But I guess she had the right dope
after all. She wasn’t cut out for this
place and must ’ve found it out in a
hurry. Don't you guess that was it?”

Stoddard swallowed a few times and

he said

' bit viciously on the stem of his pipe.

"‘It’s evident she made a change in
her plans,” he said shortly. “Some-
times they do. "

“And I never thought she had that

. much sense, either,” commented Sadie.

_and deep and true.

 

“It’s all right to change your mind if - '

you have to; but hers wasn’t ever
made up. I’d feel awful foolish if any-
thing like that ever happened to me.”

Stoddard merely nodded. He knew
that such a thing would never happen
to Sadie. He doubted if it would even
have been attempted had the real No.
18 alighted from the train at Deepwa—
ter Station. The woman on the south-
bound was easy to handle; she was
little and pathetically bewildered. But
this one!

“What do you work at, Mr.
dard?” asked Sadie suddenly.

“I’m an engineer.”

“You don’t look it,” she said in a
surprised tone. “Locomotive or sta-
tionary?”

“Neither,” he answered with a faint
smile. “A civil engineer.”

“Meanin’ —”

“Building bridges, laying railroads,
and that sort of work.”

“Oh, I see,” said Sadie
“That’s different.
job.”

“Yes, mostly.”

“I couldn’t figure you runnin’ an’ en-
gine, somehow. You go wherever they
happen to be buildin’ a railroad?”

“That’s about it.”

“You mean anywhere? All ever.”
asked Sadie, her eyes widening.

“Anywhere the job may be?”

“In foreign countries?” she persist-
ed, her voice incredulous.

“Sometimes.” ,

A long sigh escaped from Sadie’s
dips.

“Gee, but that must be elegant,” she
whispered in a tone of awe—“just to
go everywhere~outdoors ! ”

“You’re rather strong for outdoors,”
he said, watching the play of her vivid
imagination on her face. “How did
you come to get the idea?”

“I don’t know,” said Sadie, shaking
her head. “It sort of grew in me. Of
course, I was farm-raised; but that
didn’t count—not like this.”

Her arm swept in a broad gesture
toward the woods a0r0ss the track, be-
yond which the white water of Spruce
River was voicing its eternal song.

I just knew I’d have to get outdoors
some time. I guess I can’t explain it.
I can’t get- at the words, somehow. But

Stod-

slowly.
That’s , an outdoors

.1 felt it. And when you feel things you

know ’em better than any other way.
I do, anyhow ”

Sadie paused and gravely inspected
the man who stood in front of her.

“I don’t have to explain it to you,”
she added in a contented voice. “You
understand it‘even better’n I do. You
feel it, too. I could tell when you
wrote, and it wasn’t so much what you
said, neither. It was Just there, in the
letter, and it didn’t need no words.”

Stoddard looked at her with a sense
of many confusing impressions. In
some things she "seemed but a child;
yet when he tried to study the child he
found in its place a woman. More
bewildering still—a woman of a kind
utterly new—at least to him.

Her speech irritated him; Kitty and
Estelle did not talk like this. Yet he
found‘himself listening with a curious
eagerness, for through all the unfa-
miliar mixture of slang and stumbling
etymology ran a note that was strong
The thought was
there, even if the words served it
poorly.

Always, to Stoddard, speech of this
kind had spelled ignorance. Was this
woman igiiorant? Strangely, he found
himself drifting to the conclusion that
she was very wise.

Was she simple? He had a persist-
ent notion that there were some very
strange complexities in her nature.

Was she shallow? He answered that

readily—no. Already he had glimpsed .

depths that astonished him.

 

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1- She interrupted his reflections ab-
‘- ruptly.

“When do I get to work? Tomor-
row?” she asked.

“Why, ’ I’d”)!

Stoddard halted lamely. This was

the topic he had been dreading.
“Maybe you haven’t had time to lo-
cate a job for me,” said Sadie readily.
“I did come kinda sudden. But that’s
all right. -I can hold out a few days."
“You’re sure you want to give up
factory-work?” he ventured.

"Why, I’ve given it up!” she ex-
claimed. “I was fired; the Shrimp
done it—God bless him! I wouldn’t

have said that a couple of days back,
but after lookin’ at things up here I
can say it without lyin’. I’m thrbugh
with fact’ries, thank Heaven! It was
bein’ fired that started me off so sud-
den. Otherwise I’d have wrote."

“I see,” he answered cautiously.
“Well, the truth is, I haven’t got that
job located yet. I wasn’t expecting you
so soon.”

“I get you,” she nodded. “That’ll be
all right. I can look round a bit my-
self, too. Between the two of us, we
ought to land something.”

Stoddard’s conscience gave him a
sharp twinge. The frank confidence in
him was unmerited; her serene optim-
ism shamed him. He would have to
do something now. Suppose she dis-
covered what he had planned to do;
what he really had done, in fact! Not
if he could help it would she ever
know why the woman on the south-
bound train changed her mind with
such startling swiftness.

Meantime the matter of finding shel-
ter for Sadie was the immediate busi-
ness in hand. He glanced at his watch.
It was nine thirty.

“Well, we’ve got to get a lodging for
you,” he said.

“Sure,” she assented. “Where is the
boardin’-house ?”

“There isn’t any boarding-house
right here,” he explained. “There a
sort of one up at the other station, but
we don’t want to walk six miles along
the track. I was planning to put you
up at the hotel on Deepwater Island.
It’s easier to get there.”

“Hotel?” murmured Sadie. “Why,
just as you say. Is it a swell place?”

“I wouldn’t call it that. It’s filled
with city people.”

“Just spendin’ the summer?”

He nodded.

“Well, lead me to it,” said Sadie
.with resignation. “I don’t know what
kind of a figure I’ll cut in a swell hotel,
but I guess they can stand it for one

night.”
“Don’t you worry,” he said.
“I won’t. I’ll let them. How much

’ll it cost, Mr. Stoddard?”

“We won’t bother about that now.
I’ll take care of that, anyhow.”

“No,” said Sadie firmly. “Much oblig-
ed, but I got to pay my own way, Mr.
Stoddard.”

“Of course,” he said hastily. “What
I meant was, if it should happen to
pinch you a little, 1 could advance you
whatever you needed until—”

“Until I get to workin’,” she inter-
rupted with a nod. “I’m obliged for
that, too. But I ain’t goin’ to do it if
there’s any way to help it, Mr. Stod-
dard. I got some money; 1 drawed out
all I had in the bank. I never borrow-
ed any money from nobody, and I
ain’t goin’ to start now. At least I
ain’t beginnin’ till I’ve kissed my last
iron man good—by.”

“All right, Sadie, but when the. last
iron man goes I’ll expect you to let me
know.”

“Well, maybe—if I ain’t got a job
by then. But that won’t happen. I’ll
get a job.”

“Of course.”

“Now, which way to the Waldorf?”
she asked briskly.

. “It’s mostly by water; we take the
"canoe,” he answered.

“This thing?” asked Sadie, touching
,it with her foot. “The one you came
‘ .shootin’ down that waterfall in? -Why,
ié‘Was wonderin’ how it was big enough

for you, - leavin’ alone

 

   
 

 

size, Mr. Stoddard.
room? With that baggage, too?”

“Lot,” he assented, laughing. “Just
because you can lift it don’t despise it.
It’ll carry three or four of you.”

Sadie looked at it doubtfully; then
her face cleared.

“If you say it’ll carry me, why it
will,” she said. “I oughta know that
without arguin’. Are you goin’ .to run
me down a waterfall in it?”

“Why? Wbuld you like to try it?”

“I wouldn’t mind. It 'looked ex‘
citin’. ” ‘ '

“Well, not this time. We just have
smooth sailing on the lake. That’s in
the other direction.” '

As Stoddard spoke he looked over-
head, and something roused him to ac-

tion. Sadie followed his glance.

“Not so many stars,” she con1<
mented.

“No. _ VVe’ll get right along, if you
don’t mind. It may rain.”

He feared more than rain, however.
The look of the sky and the feel of the
air did not reassure him.

Shouldering the canoe and balanc~
ing it with one hand Stoddard reached
down and picked up Sadie’s grip.

“Here, lemme have that!" she ex-
claimed. “You got enough to carry.”

“You take your coat and sWeater
and follow me,” he commanded. “I’m
doing this.”

“Yes, sir," said Sadie meekly.

She was as close to his heels as the
canoe would permit when the short
path from the station platform led
them to the rickety wharf at the edge
of the lake. Sadie stood staring out
at the dark water, while Stoddard bus—
ied himself loading her traps into the
boat. The bigness and the stillness of
it struck to her very soul. She felt
her pulse quicken and drew her breath
deeper and more sharply. Something
thrilled her softly.

“All ready,” he said, kneeling beside
the floating canoe to steady it.

Sadie paused before stepping in.

“Say!" she declared abruptly. “We
haven’t shook hands yet. Can’t we?”

“We surely can,” said Stoddard, ris-
ing to his feet. '

It was no timid, flaccid hand that he
found in his. It was warm and firm
and strong. It was not slim and fragile
like Estelle’s, nor roly-poly and vel-
vety, like Kitty’s. It was a real hand,
with a real woman behind it.”

“Now we can go ahead,” said Sadie,
as Stoddard slowly released her fin-
gers. “Where do I sit?"

He held the canoe firmly while she
placed herself where he directed; then
with a final swift look at the sky,
stepped in and pushed out into the
lake.

 

CHAPTER IX.
Shipwreck.

Most of the stars were hidden as
they set off across Island Bay at a rap-
id pace, only those that Sadie describ-
ed as “the main ones” still showing
faintly through a thickening haze over-
head. The air was lifeless, but to Stod-
dard's trained senses it hinted at a
sudden awakening. He expected wind
with the rain.

Sadie was not weather-wise in the
north country, so her own mind was
untroubled by any shadow of anxiety
as the canoe shot swiftly over the dark
water. Even in the d'a” ness her eyes
lacked no objects to dwell upon. The
shores that diverged on either hand
were lofty and wooded save for one
jutting cape, where a spear of rock
lifted itself high above the lake, as if
poised for a plunge into the quiet
depths.

Ahead lay the rounded knob of the
peninsula, while scattered in the fore.
ground were the scores of little islands
that gave the bay its name. The out—
lines of these things she could dis-
cern, while her imagination filled in
the picture.

No sound save the rythmical , rise"
and fall of the paddle and the drip of
the water from its blade came to her

    

I’m some ‘
Sure there’ll be

got sort of mad at her, too.

 

 

The silence2 for a tong tinie
seemed to lay a finger upon her lips,

as if it were a sacrilege to speak. She,

lay back against the forward thWart,
her coat serving as a. cushion, and
opened her soul to the mysteries of
Deepwater.

A dreamy contentment filled her. It
was good and wonderful to look at,
this big outdoors, even when the cur-
tain of night had descended. Yet,
though she marveled, she felt that she
was not surprised. Something had
whispered to her that it would be like
this. Now it seemed that every one of
her senses was carrying the same mes-
sage—“It’s true, just as you saw it in
the vision.”

The route to the hotel occupied
Stoddard’s attention to the exclusion
of all else. He knew it well enough,
but he did not want to lose a yard of
distance by wandering aimlessly from
the course; Often he looked upward
and, following e glance, he spurted
a few strokes. Even the “main stars”
were invisible now.

He skirted close to the shore on his

left hand and began bearing away‘

from the islands after the canoe had
rounded a point. Sadie had been
watching the black spots grow steadily
larger as they approached, and now

Vthat She saw they would come no near—

er she sighed gently.

“It looks nice over there,” she com-
mented in a whisper, waving her arm
toward the islands.

“They’re off our course, however,”
he answered. “Some day you may
have a chance to see them.”

“I’d like to own one,” she said wist-
fully.

“For what?”

“Oh, just to live 011, I guess. But
I suppose there’s no jobs there.”

“Not unless you built a hotel and
opened up for business,” he laughed.

“011, I wouldn’t do that!” she ex-
claimed. “Not even if I had the coin.
I'd want it all to myself. It ’d be just
like I owned a separate country and
was the boss of the whole thing. That’s
a foolish idea, maybe. But I’d be aw-
ful selfish with that island for a
while."

“The Woman Hermit of the Deep-
water," he observed lightly.

“That’s the idea.” she exclaimed.
“You see, I ain’t ever had a chance to
do any hermiting, except in a hall bed-
room, and it ain’t much fun there.
You‘ve got to do it all in your mind
and keep your eyes shut, ’cause every
time you open ’em the chrysanthe’ums
on the wall-paper keeps remindin’ you
that you ain’t really a hermit at all.

“Then, maybe, when you’ve got your
eyes shut and you’re away off some
wheres by yourself, you hear the sup-
per-bell ringin’ or some kid bawlin out
a baseball extra. .That’s why I’d like
to have one good try at it.”

“You’d soon find it lonesome.”

“Maybe. But say, Mr. Stoddard, was
you ever lonesome in a boardin’-
house. ?”

“Can’ 1; say I was.’

“Then you ain’t been lonesome at
all,” she declared. “That’s the blow-
in-the-bottle stuff when it comes to
lonesomeness—a boardin’-house. I read
a book about a girl who was lonesome
like that. It was true enough, but I
She used
to sit and cry over it and get sad.”

“And didn’t you?”

“Do I look as if I’d ever spent much
time weepin’ into a lace handkerchief?
Some of ’em do, I know; but not me.

What’s the use? It don’t get you noth-V

ing but a red nose. That’s why I got
sore on the girl in the book. She was
always dabbin’ at her eyes and snuff-
lin’ and sayin’ how cruel the world
was.

“No, sir, Mr. Stoddard. When I got
the lonesome habit _I used to go out

and hunt up something to laugh at, or .

else shut my eyes and go hermiting.”
“And would it always work?”
“I can’t remember when it’didn’t. Of

course, it’s. like kiddin’ yourself, in a

 

way, But there’ Is wbrse things- than 1 ‘ '

tha. ” .

“You ought to write a D. 0. after
your name, Sadie. ”

‘ “It’s a degree I’ve just invented—f
DoCtor of Optimism. ”

“Opti— What?” ,

“Optimism. It means always look-
ing on the bright side, even if your
luck runs bad. ”

“That’ s a good word,” she said sob-
erly. “I’m goin’ to learn that one. 0p-
ti-mism. That gets it all in one pack.
age. I don’t know much about those
kind of words, but I won’t forgetthat.”

He heard her repeating it softly to
herself several times, emphasizing
each syllable. It rather astonished him
that he had no impulse to laugh.

The way to the Deepwater Hotel
from the lower station is all water, if
you choose to take it thus; but, like
every other journey in this 'woods

country, it has its short cut as well.

Stoddard felt that he was pressed for
time, and decided on the portage. It
was a very short one—less than two
hundred yards—and would save nearly
two miles of paddling around into the

lay.

When he beached the canoe at the
beginning of the carry Sadie exclaim«
ed in a tone of regret:

"Are we there already?”

“Not to the hotel. There’ll be more
paddling in a few minutes. We are
just taking a short cut across country.”

“I wasn’t tired,” she said as she
stepped ashore, ‘

“I know. But I’m afraid it’s going
to rain some, and there’s no need to
get wet if we can help it.”

“Don’t fret about me if we do get
caught,” remarked Sadie as she watch—
ed him haul the canoe out. “I never
did carry a umbrella.”

Sadie insisted on taking her grip
across the portage. To avoid time lost
in argument, Stoddard let her have her
way. It was very dark where the path
ran under the trees, so he made her
hold fast to the end of the canoe, as a
guide to her footsteps. ,

Once she let go abruptly, and he
heard a suffling behind him, followed
by a crash.

“Anything wrong?” he asked, halt-
ing.

“Ain’t I the clumsy thing!” ex-
claimed a voice from the gloom. “My
nose got to itchin’, and I didn’t dare
let go the boat ’cause you told me not
to, so I tried to scratch it with my
other hand and dropped my bag, and
then fell over it. The bag, I mean.”

“Hurt?”

“No!” she answered scornfully.

“Pass me the grip.”

“Nothin’ doin’, Mr. Stoddard. I’ll
carry that grip or die fallin’ over it.
Where is the blame thing? All right;

I got it. Now wait till I get hold of
the boat again.
“Ouch! I found it with my nose. It

won’t need scratchin’ no more. Now
go ahead.”

Stoddard pushed on, moving at a
pace that Sadie could follow. Once
she stumbled again—this time over a
root. ,

“Don’t they ever lay a sidewalk
here?” she asked as she recovered her—
self.

“Not out this way,” he laughed.
“Are you anxious for pavements
again?”

. “No-o; I suppose I oughtn’t to have
III|IIII|||III||IIIIIIII|HllllIIIIIIIll||IIIlltl|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIlIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII
CHRISTMAS INVOCATION.

 

BY CHAS H. MEIERS.
Upon you I bestow this meager token,
Not as full measure of that which is
spoken;
But as the bearer of thoughts never
spoken——
Thoughts which invoke God’s bless-
' ings down from Heaven
Upon you in this time of love an giv-
May: His gift for the Yuletide be no
ess

Than blessings which make life well
worth the living:

Faith, health, love, peace; ——all wrath .

red in happiness .

  

South Arm, where Deepwater Island

 

 

      

 

 

 

 

 
   
      
     


     
 
   
 
  
   
    
     
     
 
 
   
     

   
  

 

 

        
        
       
     
      
        
        
        
          
      
     
       
  
      
       
      
     
     

 

   

nu r

L’said that?! But I ain’t anxious ’ to get

my new curtail tore, either, and I
guess I did'that time. It's these stingy
skirts we’re all wearin' now,” she add-
ed, naively speaking for her sex.
“Some fashions are awful trying'.”

“Some of the women who come up
here don’t bother with skirts at all,”
he informed her.

“You mean they just wear—pants?”

“That’s it; pants.”

He could hear her chuckling behind
him.

“What do they look like ?” she asked.

“They look all right. It’s sensible.”

“They don’t wear ’em around the
hotel, do they?”

“No; they put skirts on there. I
mean out in camp.”

“Oh! Well, maybe it’s all right. But
I can’t help laughin’. I’m thinkin’ how
some that I know ’d look. No. 12, for
instance. Why, she wouldn’t be noth-
in’ but a little boy! Pants, eh! I'll bet
they look funny!” '

An instant later:

f‘What do you know about that?
There I go again! Something tore,
too. Well, I’m no suffragette, but I
wished I had a pair right now!”

When Stoddard dropped the canoe
into the water at the other end of the
portage he pointed across the broad
sweep of the South Arm to a group of
faintly twinkling lights.

“There’s the hotel,” he said.

“How far ?”

“It’s close to three miles.
an island.”

Sadie began an examination of her
skirt that confirmed her worst suspi-
cions.

“It's got two slits instead of one,
now,” she announced. “That ought to
make it twice as swell, hadn’t it. It’s
easier to walk in, anyhow. Here’s the
grip. Do I sit in the same place?”

The hotel lay diagonally across this
arm of Deepwater, and as Stoddard
laid the course for it he cast anxious
glances Skyward and behind. The pros-
pect did not please him. The South
Arm is wide and open near the upper
end, its surface unbroken with islands
for several miles. That on which the
hotel stands is the first of an irregular
chain that stretches off southward.
V‘K'inds sweep unchecked, and no ob-
stacle offers itself to the rush of the
seas they carry before them.

A few drops of rain fell. Stoddard
bent to his paddle, throwing into each
thrust. all the energy of his sinewy
back and shoulders.

“Better put on that ulster,” he ad-
vised. “It’s going to rain some.” Sadie
drew the garment about her shoulders.

A few minutes later he felt a quick
puff of warm wind on his cheek; then
the air was still again; then another
puff. The rain was becoming steady;
ll. fell in heavier volume. The wind
was not far off now.

“Were going to get wet.
szand that?” he called.

“Nothin’ on me ’11 run,” she answer-
ed cheerfully.

Now came a sharp blast of wind that
did not entirely die away, but played
fitt‘ully on the surface of the water, un-
certain as to direction and even hesi-
tant. as to pace. First it dashed the
rain into the back of his neck; then,
with a bewildering shift, sent it heat-
ing into his eyes. .
head and laid himself to his work.

Glancing up at brief intervals, he
could still see the lights of the hotel,
but they were becoming dimmer each
time.
noe from the rear; he knew that when
it had advanced a little farther beyond
them it would blot out completely the
beacon that was guiding him.

The wind was picking up rapidly
and steadying itself. In a few minutes
there would be a sea. Stoddard grit-
ted his teeth. He knew‘he should not
have taken the chance. Alone, the risk
would not have given him concern. He
had taken a light canoe through more
than this‘ stretch of stemmed wa-
ter. and been more the worse for it.

It’s on

Can you

Stoddard bent his ;¢«‘*

The rain had overtaken the ca— ‘ ’

  

L‘ .

 

 

during the week.

§
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llllllllllll lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllliillillllllilllllllllllillllllllllllllllHill

“Hill

I”!

  

A[Mimininnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnninnnnninnnnnnnnninnnniinnnnnmnnn

drcd page Holiday Issue, which c
of the farm home, will be sent free to new year
years for $2.00 if orders are sent in at once.
mitted their subscription to lapse can also take advantage of this offer.

     
   

an. -_ Mi ~~lir

a
~4—

'»

THE GREAT

INTERNATIONAL

LIVE STOCK

EXPOSITION

Just closed, surpassed in magnitude and interest any previous show of the
kind held in the United States. ‘

‘A complete report prepared by well-known authorities has just been pub-
lished by The Breeder’s Gazette, Chicago, which gives in addition to descrip-
tions of the showring events, details covering the sensational sales of breeding
and fat stock and reports of all of the live stock association meetings held

This sixty—four page Report Number together with the beautiful one hun-
ontains matter of interest to every member
ly subscribers at $1.00, or three
Old subscribers who have per—

At no time has the interest in live stock farming been so extensive, and
there is no publication that presents anything like the amount of entertain-
ing and instructive matter dealing with that, subject as does The Breeder’s

In sending remittance your personal check will be accepted if not conven-
ient to send money order.

THE BREEDER’S GAZETTE
Room 1125, 542 South Dcarborn Street, Chicago, Ill.

Ad dress

Agents wanted in unassigned territory

filllilllilllllllililllllllllllllllllllllllilillllllllllilillIill!Eilllllllllllliillilliiilliilllllllllllllllllllllllllllliiililiillnil:IlllIIllIIlllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIHiiilillillllllllilllHlHlHillllllllllIllInilllllllIllllllll||llllllllllllllliilllllll||lillllilliillllillilllllllllllllllllllllllillllllll||llllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllHilllilliililliiliiin

 

Wanted: Honest, Energetic Men

in every county to sell our big line of goods direct to
farmers. Experience not necessary. We‘ fully in-
struct. you. Farmers, laborers. mechanics or any men
Willing to work can make

$1000 to $3000 a Year

handling our big sellers. Exclusive territory given
“’9 furnish you the capital: you furnish the team to
carry the goods. 88 your own boss in a pleasant,
permanent and profitable b usiness. Write at once for
full particulars. giving age and occupation.

THE DUOFORM C0., Dept. 2, North Jovo,N.Y.

  
  

Unions? [% 1 7-: A .‘ ‘3 {3%
,a , ’ : '

 

 
  
      
    
        
     
 
 
   
    

Potatoes Paid for
Farm—$700 Profits Inn

A farmer did this with his first potato crop in
Eastern North Carolina. Land selling at $15 to
8” pc acre produces like $200 kind. Big yields
. early tiltckvrSO to 75 bu. com per acre. Live
stock needs little shelter-long grazing—cheap
feed. Abundant rainfall—nearby mar-
kets Psi-sons] attention given settlers
—Writc me.

w, T. szsn. Ac. AG'I‘.

 

   

, Durable. Powerful. Reliable, Mao-
~ live. a Built to last: to do hard.
_ heavy work. Uses Cheapest Fuel.
' ~ Pull X to x horse-powor more than
rated. 3 , oath. 'rrlal. lacy forms. Size.
1% to. 22 H-P. Easy to start. No Cranking. No
batteries. 10 Your Guarantee. Most practical engine
ever built. ”no book free. A Postal bring. it.
THE OTTAWA MANUFACTURING 60.,

1361 Kill. OM GHANA. KARO...

MONEY IN. PAT ENTS,

Wesecureyour tultorreiumourfee.
Sendsketch or {crime search of Patent
Office Records and report on patentability.
Mannhchuetsarewfiiingfirpaiennsecuredflimghus.
erhrfieebookmowtoSeaueYourPatent'andlkt

dyatcuis wanted. We assist in sellhlgymlrpatent.
. P.HPATTISON&m.U.S.Poh-IAW

  
   
     

    
  
 

 

(Continued next week).

£22 Bur-hr' Md... Wad“ D.(‘.

   

Ref: Columbia and Greenwich
Banks. New York City

 

llllllllllllllillllflllllfiliillllillllilfllllllllllfllilllllllllllllllllllllllll||Illillfllllllllllllimllllflllliflllllllllllllillllllml E

lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillfllllllllllllllllllllllll illllllllllllilfllllllllllllllllllllllll Mllllllllfllfllflillllfllfllmfi

 
 

[IIllllHill"llllllllllllnmllmlllllmllllllllllllllllllillfflllllllllllllllillllilllllllIlllllllliillillllllilllillllllillllllllllllPll‘llll

  

[HHHIHI ||HI!lllllllMillIIlllllmlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllflllllmilllillHlIlllllillllllllllllllllii

llllllilflllll

   
 
 

W
y WM. PLATKY Ship your Raw Fursto a house that values its repu-

48 w. 26th St" New Yo“ um. tation. Top Market Prices Paid. Honest assortment.
Send postal for price list. We pay express charges.

 

    
  
   
    
     
     
   
   

FREE Stfichllervs-I’on;

' 51'!) the beautifully lllustnted magazine--

THE SOUTHERN Homnsnsxsa" .-
issucd quarterly-4i you will send us the
name of two friends whom you think >
Would be interested in Virginia. Tells
about opportunities in Virginia. -
--iarm lands ’15 an acre and. up.
Write today.

f.ll.laBAllME.Aa &|u.ial.,N.&lV.lly.
221 mam ROANOKLVA.

  

    

 

Farms and Farm Lands For Sale

PROSPERITY IN CANADA—Thousands of
farmers in Western Canada have sold their crops
this year for more than the total cost of their
land. Land at. $15 to $30 an acre has produced
crops worth $4010 $75 an acre. Stock raising and
dairying are equally profitable-hogs and beef
highest in country‘s history. Irrigation districts
producing more alfalfa and fodder crops than
ever before. Get. your farm home from thc
Canadian Pacific Railway. Last year lasked
you to take advantage of this opportunity—you
might have paid for your farm with the 1916 crop
—again I extend the invitation. Good land from
$11 to $30 per acre; irrigated land from $35; 20
years to pay; government guarantees land and
water titles. Pay in full at any timeif desired.
We will lend you up to $2.000 in improvements in
certain districts, with no security other than the
land. Readymado farms sold on special easy
terms. Loan for live stock after one year's
occupation, subject to certain reasonable condi-
tions explained on request. Low taxes; no taxes
on improvements. Free schools; full religious
liberty: good climate. and the best neigbors
in the world. Other farmers becoming rich in
Western Canada; you have the same opportu-
nity. Buy direct from the Canadian Pacific
Railway. Write for free book and full informa-
tion. J. S.Dennis, Assistant to the President.
Canadian Pacific Railway. 125 Ninth Avenue.
Calgary. Alberta. Canada—Adv. i

 

Florida Fruit Farm, $950.

5 acres. on auto brick highway. half mile to Mllage:
5 minutes walk to beautiful lake; bearing orange
grove of 116 trees and lot of lemons. peaches, cm 5,
etc" etc.: S-rm house. born ard poultry house. Inn on
sooncwner includeosome tools and ones 0 urni~
turo. Price only 8950. half down " For details this and
many form bargains in Florida. 'and a dozen other

 

BARGAINS IN FARMS

To close the Estate of the late Chas. E. '
offer for sale the following: No. 1. 120 A. farigrtlypvgigxdbd
houses, modern improvements. large barn, s'ilo gmn.
ary, hog pen and hen house good orchard, good water
supply, soil rich loam in Al condition. 10 A. second
growth timber, woven wire fence-s. No. 2, 80A. all clear-
ed. soil rich loam in good condition. buildings fair
house, two barns, si lo, granary. hen house and hog
ten. (iood orchard, good well, woven “ire fences.
0. El. 4.) A., 20 A. (-lcnrml. balance manure and second
growth timber, no bui ldings, good (-nces. These farms
are located 4%; mi les from Brown City ongood road and
are bar ains at the prices. For particulars write
(‘lillou E. Crippcn. Administrator, Brown City, Mich.

92 ACRE FARM NEAR ADRIAN.

Lennwee County. best of soil, good buildin s (lnl
$8,000.“.400 cash. 100 acres, 1 mile from owe-ll, 9i;
aortas plow land. modern 8 room house. gOLd burn, fine
5401!. Only $9500. )6 cash. BROOKS & NEVV'li N
I 412 HAMMOND BLDG.. Detroit. Michigan.

_ I36 Acre Potato Farm
in Central New York. Sandy loam soil. level, on rail-
road. near state road, good builnings. running water.
lullv equipped Largest yield in N. Y. Slate last year
—4" bushe s per acre. Only $000. M cash.
E. B. SMITH. KASOAG. N. Y

Virginia Farms and Homes.

FREE CATALOGUE 0F SPLENDID BARGAINS.
Il.B.CHAFFIN & C0., Inc" Richmond. Va_

Exuellent sandy loam. level,
'0' Acres 2 markets. 3 miles; new 8
room house. basement barn; fruit; close to school; a
bargain. Gleason, Farm Man. Greenviile. Mich.

Eight ' acre farm one mile
F0 1" SB le: from ellevue. Good land.
Title perfect. $500 down. balance to suit purchaser.
Address. Owner, 723 N. (loch ran Ave, Charlotte. Mich.

RELIABLE Information furnished to the home-
seeker and investor pertaining to farm lands and
the wonderful undeveloped mineral resources of Eastern Okla-
homa. Eastern Oklahoma Boosters Association. Muskogee. Okla.

ANTED: by married man. position on farm as
your man. or farm manager. to begin in spring, at
fair wages 3nd customary furnishings. Thoroughly ex pcrienc. d in
farm work, can give references 1’. 0. llv x128. Comm-ville Mich.

ICE FLOWS

Outs two rows. F unls 20
I men with snap. rite to-
day for catalog and prices.

VIM. ll. PRAY, Vorbark I. Y.

Pnlverlzed limelrock for "sour"
oollo. Write for LOW PRICES
DIRECT TO YOU and we will
and sample and full particu-

lars. Write to office “earestyon.
LAKE SHORE 81‘ ONE COMPANY. '

 
 

 

states see “Peace and Plentyggatnlnguel copy mmlo
free. E A_ STROUT FAR AG ’NCY,Dept, 101,
150 Nassau Street. New York.

Munkegon. Mich“ and South Haven. mall

 

 

 

 

    


 

 

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

At H0193 , 51113 E1 LS’GW

  

 

 

 

 

 

Domestic Science In Rural Schools—II.

HILE much of the work being

done in rural schools in con-

nection, with domestic science
consists simply of serving something
hot for the noon lunch, other plans are
being tried in a few counties. In
Charlevoix county, where Miss May L.
Stewart is county commissioner, a
home work system is being tried out.
This simply means that the children
are being given credit at school for
work done at home, with the idea of
impressing upon both pupil and parent
the fact that work being done in the
school is practical and has a direct
bearing on what must be done after
school is over.

At the beginning of the school year
Miss White mailed each of her teach-
ers a letter explaining the system, with
blanks for reports to her, and a letter
and report blanks to be sent to the
parents. Each child is given a report
card to take home and is told that he
will have credit in school for the work
done at home. In some schools a rec-
ord is kept on the black board of the
reports as they come in, thus encour-
aging the children to do their best.
The work was planned to bring farm,
home and school into closer relation,
as Miss White feels that only as the
school can co-operate with the home is
it a success.

The report cards are ruled with
spaces for each week’s total of credits
and the total credits for the entire
month. The following is a list of the
things the child can do, with the num-
ber of credits allowed for each task:

Washing and wiping dishes, one
credit; running washing machine one
hour, two credits; taking care of baby
one hour, two credits; putting up own
dinner, one credit; mending one pair
of socks; one credit; mending clothes
one-half hour, one credit; polishing
own shoes, one credit; sleeping with
open window, one credit; errands, one

long, two or three short, one credit;
sweeping paths in snow, one credit;
bringing in four pails of water, one
credit; depositing $1.00 in bank, two
credits; making entire batch of bread,
five credits; cleaning two lamps, one
credit; making two beds, one credit;
getting entire meal, three credits,
churning, two credits; sweeping two
floors, one credit; ironing one hour,
two credits; setting table, one credit;
dusting house, one credit; currying
horse, two credits; feeding five pigs,
one credit; milking one cow, one cred-
it; mending a chair, one credit; feed-
ing two horses, one credit; cleaning
barn, one credit; gathering eggs, one
credit; bringing in wood, one credit;
feeding three cows, one credit; field
work per hour, two credits; building
fire, one credit; separating milk, one
credit; making cake, two credits;
work not listed above, per hour, two
credits.

As a further incentive to work, a
“Heme Work Honor Certificate,” sign-
ed by the commissioner, is given each
pupil earning 125 credits. When pupils
under the fifth grade earn four of
these certificates they are given a
large diploma, while those in the fifth
and over must earn eight certificates
before they can receive a diploma.

“Perhaps I would be rather radical
in my views about the plan, since I am
an ardent believer in work as a pana-
cea for all the ills that flesh is heir to,”
said Miss White in discussing the sys-

tem. “And since I am daily boosting
the plan, of course I have nothing but
good words for it.

“Parents and pupils have responded
splendidly. In one case a teacher
thought it was too much work to in-
troduce the system, and couldn’t es-
cape the requests of parents who want-
ed to give it a trial, so began it last
week. It is a little too autocratic per-
haps in one or two of its provisions,
but will probably be revised next year.
The two per cent of our population
who object to being required to do any-
thing, have balked a little, but the
thinking parents overlook or have ov-
erlooked the fact that they are requir-
ed. It has changed the tone of some
of the schools, but there are so many
possible sharps and flats that possibly
we have not the same tone in mind. I
am looking for deeper and more last-
ing results than could be estimated in
the short period during which we have
been working under this system. The

regulation of the system takes consid-,

erable thought and leadership.

“A state committee is at present in-
vestigating this work as it has seemed
workable in high schools in the south-
ern part of the state and elsewhere.
We are to have the report at our next
commissioners’ meeting, which will be
some time this winter.”

Hot noon lunches and sewing clubs
are the mediums through which Trav-
erse county teachers instill a knowl-
edge of housewifely arts into the heads
of their pupils. Hot lunches wereserv-
ed by Miss Norma Turnbull in the
Bates school, and by Miss Ethel
BrOsch in the McKinley 'school. Miss
Lillian Moblo, Miss Frances Williams
and Miss Anna Sill organized sewing
clubs in their schools. Miss Moblo’s
pupils exhibited garments they had
made, at the county fair both this year
and last. Cgmmissioner Lee Hornby
reports that all these. teachers are
teaching in one-room schools.

DEBORAH.

FOR NEXT CHRISTMAS.

 

BY HILDA RICHMOND.

Last year I began buying Christmas
presents as soon as the January sales
succeeded the Christmas sales and
some of my friends laughed at me. The
idea of getting ready, or even begin-
ning to get ready, at that early date,
was very funny to them and many
were the jokes they made about my
thrift. But when the end of the year
rolled round and the presents emerg-
ed c05ting about one-half what they
would before the holiday in December,
then it Was my turn to joke about the
“put-it-off” tribe. So each year, after
Christmas, I shall invest in some pres-
ents and during the few spare mo-
ments I have all the year round I shall
work on them.

For example, a beautiful pair of tow-
els with simple hemstitching, cost
about two-thirds what they sell for
now, and some pretty bath towels
were less than half price. The bath
towels have the simple crocheted edge
so common now. A soiled piece of art
linen made a number of cushion cov-
ers after the best parts were cut into
dresser scarfs. The scarfs were edged

with a small embroidery design and"

were seen finished. The beauty of the

_material came out in the wash tub, and

then they were laid away. One such

.JOy in contriving

 

scarf cast 30 cents, but a similar 'one
was shown in the store for a dollar
and a half, Apron material cost less
than one-half because it was soiled,
and odds and ends of trimmings were

on the remnant counterbat a fraction.

of their cost when clean. A, remnant
of silk at 25 cents made two dolls’
dresses and there was enough left for
a little bag. A child likes a silk dress
for a doll better than anything else in
the world. And, by-the-way, dolls sell
very reasonably after Christmas. If
the bodies are soiled from handling, a
little glove cleaner will make them
nearly as nice as new.

I have a large box into which I
throw the odds and ends I buy, but I
never get anything unless I know of a
definite use to be made of it. It is
hard to keep to this stern resolve, but
it pays. Just because a thing looks
cheap is no reason why I buy it.’ It
must prove to me that I can use it for
something both useful and pretty be-
fore I invest. I have seen too many
women buy useless things and fritter-
ing away money, thinking that perhaps
the thing will come handy sometime.
I can not afford to buy under such
vague conditions.

“But assure as I begin early some
occasion comes along and I draw on
my Christmas box for a gift,” I hear
somewoman saying. Yes, that is true,
but there is another side to the ques-
tion. Last summer I was able to draw
on my box for a gift that would have
cost me three dollars in the? store but
out of the box it cost 78 cents. There
was no time to make anything then,
so it was either open the box or go to
the store. You may be sure I did not
go to the store when an article that
could be replaced could be furnished
at that cost.

So I am getting ready “For next
Christmas” the whole year through.
If my purse were overflowing with
=money I should like very much to go
shopping recklessly without looking
for bargains, but after all,_there is a
' and planning and
making much out of little that I fancy
rich women never experience. At least,
it is well to believe that, for it helps
mightily in the little economies of ev-
eryday life and makes giving all the
sweeter and more blessed at Christ-
mas time.

 

THAT SUNDAY DINNER.

 

‘ BY GRACIA anLL.

Isn’t it a problem? In so many,
many farm homes the Sabbath day is
the only day in the week when all of
the family can partake of the noonday
meal together, consequently this meal
in most country homes assumes the
character of a banquet and this ban-
quet must be planned, prepared and
served by a committee of one—moth-
er. Sunday means anything but a day
ofrest to her. Of course, she enjoys
having her boys and girls home for
that one day, and it is lovely for the
boys and girls who teach, or clerk or
attend school away from home, to
have a nice country home to spend the
Sabbath in, but how about mother?
Shouldn’t she be considered and the
day’s labor made lighter for her?

We think that we have solved the
Sunday dinner problem in one home at
least, also the Sunday supper, and
mother has plenty of time to attend
morning and evening services at the
little white church just, around" the

  

 

 

bend in the road. And she has the af-
ternoon to spend as she pleases—read,
write letters and visit with her family.

This is how we manage: In the first
place, there is an oil stove, a fireless
cooker, an inexpensive chafing-dish and
These help to lighten la-
bor wonderfully. Vegetables and meats
are prepared on Saturday and early
Sunday morning they are brought to
the boiling point, then popped into the
fireless cooker. Peas, string beans and
lima beans may be kept fresh over-
night in the ice chest or in a cool cel-
lar. These are delicious cooked in cas-
Cooking in
the latter eliminates one utensil that
would otherwise have to be washed. A
fresh
stewed or preserved berries or fruit
served with whipped cream, will make

a casserole.

serole or in paper bags.
nice custard,

frozen pudding,

a delicious and satisfying dessert.

Chicken, lamb, veal or plump pig-
eons may be cooked in casserole and
popped into the oven of the oil stove
to re-heat just before dinner is to be
Gravv may be made at the
last moment, a salad may be prepared
quickly from home-canned string, lima

served.

or kidney beans or canned peas.

Have a half-dozen hard-boiled eggs
in the ice chest ready to peel and make
a quantity of mayonnaise on Saturday
or through the week, as it will keep

indefinitely. A head of crisp lettuce,
shredded, two tart apples, chopped, one

bunch of crisp celery cut in small

pieces, and one cup of nut meats, any
kind, tossed together with a fork then

moistened with mayonnaise, and a

quarter of a cup of thick cream, will
make a dainty salad that is easily and
quickly prepared. We aim to “cut out”
the heavy pastries and the tiresome
standing over a hot stove, and have
succeeded fairly well in doing so. The
dinner table is set and covered with a
cheesecloth cover Saturday night, and
breakfast Sunday morning is served
at a certain hour on the kitchen table.
We use paper lunch cloth and napkins
on our Sunday dinner table and cups
for cold drinks are also of paper. This
is a help to mother on wash day. Sun-
day night supper is served on paper
plates, cafeteria style, and is just a
satisfying luncheon that is mostly pre-
pared on Saturday'morning. The chaf-
ing-dish is used instead of the stove in
preparing the supper and we all enjoy
making our favorite creamy dishes, or
a pot of hot tea or cocoa, panned oys-
ters, etc., over this dainty little alcohol
stove. Even father takes a hand some
times and scrambles eggs or makes an
oyster stew in the chafing dish.

We all enjoy these Sunday dinners
and suppers and would not think of
going back to the old way. Mother
seems so much more cheerful now
when the Sabbath day rolls round, it
rests and cheers her wonderfully. I
happen tOeknow just 'how much she
appreciates the rest and change for-«-
I am mother!

 

FUN AND FROLIC.

 

pr MAE Y. MAHAFFY.

A' group of women who are greatly
interested tn nature study and who de-
vote their regular meetings to serious
work along this line is accustomed to
setting apart one evening in the winter
to the entertainment of‘their husbands

by a special program. Upon this occa- ,

sion fun and frolic reign, and the more .,;,:'

ridiculous and bide-splitting the num-V
hereon the program appear, the bet.

"m

31;; g; 1.

 

 

 

\

 

    
   
   
  
  
  


 
      
     
   
    
  
   
 
  
   
   
  
  
    
    
  
  
  
  

   

 

 

_-,_\_._. .,

"‘4

 

 

‘ .0, 14--,,~ _

.teu‘ pleased are the members compose
ing the committee on- arrangements.
' With a few changes some of their,

 

 

“stunts” 'might easily be utilized for
other social aflai'rs, since none of them
require any great amount of practice
or diflicult make- ~up.

One number which drew forth
rounds of applause at their recent
gathering, which always‘begins with
an exceedingly satisfying picnic sup-
per, known on the program as the “ov-
erchewer," was a performance by the
Nature Sympathy Orchestra. The ten
ladies composing this orchestra were
garbed in white coats and caps, bor—
rowed from obligi'ng merchants and
dentists. Some wore medals, and the
conductress was quite elaborately be-
decked with these companions.of di-
rectors. She also wore white gloves
and a red sash over her shoulder. “El
Capitan” was the first number, the vic-
trola serving as accompanist. Among
the instruments used were glass gob-
lets with nutpicks; serving bells and
forks; two tin lids to clash together; a
washboard of the small variety, rubbed
with a piece of sandpaper fastened to
a small block for convenience in hand-
ling; nutmeg graters; a tin tray with
a drumstick in the shape of a dish
1110p, etc. Until one has experimented
with such pharaphernalia they can
have no idea of the effects which can
be secured with a little attention to
time and volume. As an encore a par-
ody on a popular song, the words suit-
ed to the occasion, was given.

Another taking number was by six
ladies. The victrola played the “March
of the Toys” from “Babes in Toyland,”
while the ladies marched in backwards,
having false faces over the backs of
their heads, sun-bonnets on hind—side-
before, and large all-over aprons on
backwards. A little march, with bows
to the audience and to partners, back-
wards, of course, though apparently
forward, was suddenly brought to a
halt by someone noticing the music,
when all stopped to listen. At one of
the particular noisy parts of the music
all became frightened and ran off hur-
riedly. For the encore the masks were
quickly changed to the real faces, bon-
neis put on right, and the little skit,
“Bear and Mountain, ” was sung by one
of the group, the others joining on the
reply to her query.

HOUSEHOLD HINTS.

 

Household Editor:—I. L. L. wished
to know what made her pumpkin and
«custard pies raise in the center. It is
due to air under the crust. Grease the
tin and lay crust on and begin at one
side and smooth to outer edge, leaving
no air bubbles in, then take a tooth-
pick and. pierce crust in bottom and
sides. The holes won’t be large enough
to let liquid through. If you take your
hands to press the crust off instead of
a knife, it helps also. Will someone
please tell me what makes my baking
powder biscuits bitter? I have tried
with less baking powder but they seem
to have a bitter taste. They are nice
and light always. Mrs. F. L. C.

Household Editorz—I would like to
answer I. L. L.’s inquiry regarding
pics. The bottom crust puffs up be-
cause it is too hot on the start, on the
Oven bottom. Just place an asbestos
mat under the pie, and I think you will
have no further trouble. Can anyone
tell me how to remove the “shine”
from a serge school-dress? Have tried
soapbark and sponging with coffee. I
would. like to know why my cakes are
not “feathery,” as the recipe assures
me they will be. I try to follow the
recipe exactly, and while they are not
at all heavy, they are a little too solid.
If I use less flour, they fall. My recipe
is one scant cup of sugar, one egg,
(beaten), one cup sweet cream, salt,
vanilla, one and two-third cups of flour,
one and two-thirds teaspoons of baking

powder. (I use a cream of tartar
powder).' 'I make thisi‘or a. two-layer
cake. I have tried heating it for some

time. baked it slow,” moderate, and hot,

 

but an. 1-6110 raven: "1 ha've‘itaedtttér .

recipes, using butter instead of cream,
and whether-l make it into a loaf cake,
or a: layer—cake, I cannot get that

feathery consistency that I wish. Can'

you help me? . I wish to thank you for
the many helpful ideas I get from the
Household Department.———M. W. H.

ACCESSORIES TO FOODS.

 

(Continued from page 612).

a food which it may have, although, of
course, we must concede that what lit-
tle material there is in horse-radish
does enter in some way into the bodily
mechanism. The particular reason for
the employment of horse-radish is the
peculiar, pungent, aromatic oil which
is so biting and which is so highly
prized as a condiment. It is usually
prepared by grating the root through
a nutmeg grater and mixing the finely
comminuted product with vinegar
which in turn acts somewhat as a pre-
servative. The employment of grated
turnip as an adulterant of horse-radish,
it is said, has been extensively prac-
ticefl some years ago, but in spite of
this quite regular claim, we do not
knowthat any manufacturer has been
prosecuted for this particular infringe-
ment of the law.

Besides catsups and their allied, con-
dimental materials, we have a great
variety of mixtures or preparations
which are used exclusively for the pur-

pose of their condimental action in =

connection with meat. Among these
we must mention Worcestershire
sauce, tobasco sauce, and the great va-
riety of relishes, southern dishes, etc.,
of like nature which may be said to be
used almost exclusively for their condi-
mental features and whether they con-
tribute any food value whatsoever in
so far as the general purpose of the
product is concerned, is entirely imma-
terial. They are important accessories
to the diet and as such have an entire-
ly legitimate excuse for their employ-
ment.

MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.

 

Our latest Fashion Book, containing
illustrations of over 1,000 designs of
ladies’, misses’ and children’s gar-
ments in current fashions, also newest.
embroidery designs, and articles which
give valuable hints to the home dress-
maker, will be sent to any address up-
on receipt of ten cents. All patterns
are ten cents each.

 

   
  

\\

‘- .2.)—

\ .;\\.£\\1~\:1 \

\\: ‘ ‘
es... .. .

      

No. 8133—~Boys’ Russian Suit. Cut in
sizes 2, 4 and 6 years. This suit is
decidedly a boy’s style, has a smart
closing outline, fitted with a pocket
and has straight trousers.

No. 8131—Ladies’ Skirt. Cut in sizes
24 to 30 inches waist measure. This
skirt is cut in four gores and has the
front and back gores gathered to
yokes.

No. 8134—Ladies’ Dress. Cut in sizes
36, 38 and 40 inches bust measure.
The dress closes at the back, the
front is in panel effect and the dress
has side .peplums.

 

 

 

ten best letters.

Feb. 1, 1917.

the letter.

 

 

$200.-in Cash Prizes

A first prize of $100 will be awarded
for the best Iettcr giving reasons for
using Royal Baking Powder.

Ten prizes of $10 each for the next

A cook book containing several hundred prac-
tical recipes will be mailed free to each contestant.

Conditions

l—Letters must not contain more than
200 words and must be received before

_2—Contestants must be users of Royal Bak-
ing Powder at the time or before sending

3-Each letter must state name of paper in
which this advertisement is seen.

Address all letters to:

ROYAL BAKING POWDER CO.
135 William Street, New York City

 

 

 

 

 

Genuine comfort if' _
you ask for and 6&-

Martha
Washington
Comfort Shoes

Beware of [mutations-
name and trade-mark
stamped on the sole.

F. Mayer
I Boot & Shoe

 

 

‘ Style and Comfort:

- We make Indies’ furs,
coats. caps vests: ent' a
robes costs. 3 oves.
mittens 1'.th caps. We
do taxidermist work.
Send in your furs and
hint them custom tan—
ned and made to order
at factorv prices. We
do our o11n Custom
1:,mning Dressing and
' M: Ikins up in ourown
plant hv skilled workmen. Send for our circular on
(‘ustom ’] anning. Dresiing and Manufm turing.

..W WEAVER, READING, MICHIGAN

 

 

Our winter production of

FRESH FROZEN F ISH

will start as soon as cold weather sets in.
Your name and address on a postal will
bring our price-list.

WISCONSIN FISHING C0.
Dept. Y. Green Bay, Wis.

 

 

 

Buy WHOLESALE

Your C0 FF IN S-LB LOTS
Get tthe BEST and SAVE 10 cts er and.

WE PAY oPOST EXPRESS or RT IGHT

0000]; BEND FOB PRICE
FFEE CO. (Est. 1881) Coffees Lgclallsts
out. 7. 2855- 57 W. Madiso cog St.. C

"I
“IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII' _

., ,y .4- 1.1111111;

/¢§ '

 

 

 

 

1111/.” W, I

5”" [WW WWW” I /
k“‘ “;—."‘I ”11‘5““
'm .1“: 1/1 \\\| I LII“!!- ‘1“—

 

CAGO.

WL‘Z'

Strawberry Plants

Of all kinds. Fine stock of the wonderful EVER.-
llcaring Plants, at RIGHT PIIIU ES. Raspbt rries.
BIN liberties. Goosobenies. Grapes Currants etc. ..
e1enthing for farm and Garden. Catalog F ree. Six
L1erbenr1ng Strawberry Plants free for a list of fruit
grouers names with return of this ad.

Bridgman Nursery Co. .. Box 95, Bridgman. Mich

 

Write today for a pair of Muted Even-boom
Strawberry plants, one large packet each of tho
. now Cereal rotorltl. Sudan Gross and Silk Loaf
Pop” seed, all Fro. l‘or Tutlng. Send 10 cent:
for mailing expense, or not. no you please
0 ergenuine Progressive Everbearing gents“! at
60c per dozen; 90c for 60 $1. 75 for 100'

1125. all postpaid. CAMALO GUE

‘lhe Gardner Nursery 00.. Box 449 Osage. Ion

 
  

xxx».
Everbcannd
51-... 51...,

  
     
 

 

When writing to advertisers
please mention the Michi-
gan Farmer.

‘11 (mm

mum's «firm in

”W?

y1/.,III//I11tlm» w] We” IIIIIIIII.

——the farmer’s family is robust,

healthy, strong.

They want the
but of everything to eat.

The farmer' 8 wife is an expert cook.
She’ ll use only the best-that' 5 why so
many country housewives use Calumet

Baking Powder.

They insist on abmlute purit —they know

Calumet' 15 pure in the can a

pure in the

ing—the most economical to buy and use.
Try Calumet—if it isn't by far the best .
Baking Powder you have ever used, '
grocer will refund your money.

Received Highest Awnds—"Q’fiémbc;

 

    

  

 
   
    
   
   
   
   
 

 

 

 

 

   
  
  
 
  
 
   
   
 
 

 
  
  
   
  
    
  
  
      
       
          


 

 

'lllllllllllIlllllllllliill|llllllllllllllIIllIllllllll|IIllllllflllfllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmlllIllllllllulllllllllllllllllIlllI"!IIllllllllllilllIllIllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllll

Marketing Live Stock

How Marketing Expenses are Being Reduced

N sections where live stock produc‘
tion is incidental to other systems
of farming, and more especially in

dairying districts where most farmers
have only a small number of animals
to sell at one time, there is a consider-
able amount of stock in excess of local
demands which must be marketed by
farmers in less than carload lots. The
low grade of these small lots of stock,
particularly of cattle, ordinarily causes
them to be discriminated against un-
justly, and when abnormal market con-
ditions and fluctuations occur local
buyers and shippers are compelled to
purchase at large margins under mar-
ket prices in order to be certain of
their profit.

On account of limited local demand,

a large part of the live stock of the
country must be shipped to the central
markets. This fact has made it pos-
sible for local buyers to operate exten-
sively in farming sections, where the
individual farmer does not produce in
numbers sufficient to ship in carload
quantities. The margin of profit on
which these country buyers operate is
often exorbitant. In some communities
the buyers, contrary to law, are said
to have an understanding among them-
selves whereby they eliminate compe-

, tition and force the farmers to sell at ’

fixed prices. To a large degree these
factors account for the rapid spread of
the co-operative shipping movement.

Farmers’ live stock shipping associa~
tions are one of the newer forms of
organized co-operation. Although for
many years it has been more or less
common for several farmers in a com-
munity to combine their live stock to
make a carload for shipment to mar-
ket, it, is only within the past seven
years that associations have been
formed for this purpose. Co-operative
live stock shipping up to the present
time has been confined almost entirely
to a few middle western states and
sections within these states where live
stock production is a side line in con—
nection with general or specialized sys-
tems of farming operations. The ex-
tens‘ve and rapid development of these
assolziations during the seven years
since their origin is indicative of mark-
ed benefits to their members, and the
movement must be recognized as a fac-
tor of permanent and growing import-
ance in the marketing of: live stock.

Simplicity of organization and the
fact that no capital is required make
the co-operative shipping of live stock
peculiarly adapted to communities in
which more complex forms of co-oper-
ation would be impracticable. Although
not necessarily feasible in all sections,
especially those in which live stock
generally is marketed in carload lots,
or where there is insufficient stock
suitable for shipment to market, or
where the central markets are not
readily accessible, nevertheless there
are many communities in various parts
of the country which would be greatly
benefited by such associations.

As an instance of the benefit of hav-
ing a live stock shipping association,
the case of the Litchfield, Minn., Farm-
ers’ Shipping Association may be cited.
The first seven years' business of this
association amounted to a total of 706

cars of stock (or 14, 797,054 pounds us- ~

ing the average weight per car for 1913
and 1914). The average cost of mar-
keting stock. in this association for
1913 and 1914 was 33 cents per 100
pounds. This latter figure is said by
farmers to be from 10 to 40 cents per
hundred weight below the margin on
which local buyers formerly purchas-
ed stock from farmers. Assuming the
local buyer’s margin to be 50 cents per

hundred weight, a very conservative
estimate, the association at Litchfield,
Minn., saved the shippers $6,221.15
during the year 1914, and has saved
them a grand total of $25,155 since its

organization. Considering the fact that

there are about 200 of these associa-
tions in Minnesota, enormous benefit

 

a‘ .
$6. 000, 000 werth of live stock was’ship-
ped by co-operative association in
Minnesota. Officials familiar with con-
ditions in the state believe that within
a few years a large percentage of the

stock sent to central markets from:

Minnesota. will be marketed in this
way. .

As an adjunct to the live stock ship«
ping business, co-operative buying is
being conducted by a number of asso-
ciations. Buying is confined principal-
ly to the purchase of grain and feeds
in carload lots for stock feeding pur-
poses. One association reported that
during the spring of 1915 it supplied
its members with corn at 12 cents a
bushel less than dealers were charging.

Illlll|IIllllllllllllllllllHIllllllllllllHillHilllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllll"ill”Ill!IlllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||IlllllllllIIHIIIHillIlllll“Iiillllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

Installs a Profitable Service

 

Motor Truck of Mr. Owen, with which he does a Profitable Business Hauling
Farm Products for His Neighbors.

scientific farmer- Instead of using

motor trucks simply to haul pro-
duce off his own farm to the city,
Owen is also engaged in the business
of contracting to haul his neighbors’
crops. He resigned his position as
conductor on the Pennsylvania railroad
to launch this new business venture in
April, 1915, purchased a 11/2-2-ton and a
3-ton truck for this service, and since
that time has experienced no difficulty
in keeping the trucks busy every day.

The trucks work every day in the
week and carry full loads. In addition
to hauling crops they have been used
for mOVing furniture and' last winter
the 1%-2~ton truck was rented to a
telephone company for six months,
during which time it didn’t miss a sin-
gle day’s work. Owen says that his
neighbors who own valuable horses
would rather pay him for hauling their
produce to .market than to put. their
teams 011 the road during hot weather.

One of the rules of Mr. Owen’s busi-
ness is that he does not go after the
produce, but the farmers must bring it
to him. Occasionally he will agree to
go several miles for a full load of
peaches or tomatoes, but not for less.
Beginning the middle of April he op.
erates his trucks on a regular schedule
of collection, the farmers bringing
their produce to specific points or sta-
tions and in sufficient quantities to
warrant collecting it with the trucks.
Following this schedule he can leave
his farm at 4:30 in the afternoon, load
his trucks at the supply stations along
the route, and reach the city markets
shortly after eight o’clock.

During the asparagus season the
trucks haul from 200 to 500 crates a
day, but as the-season advances, to-
matoes, peaches, lima beans, peas, sug-
ar corn, cantaloupe and other crops are
carried. Mr. Owen charges six cents
a basket for hauling tomatoes» and the
trucks average 1,000 to 1,200 baskets
a day. One day last summer 1,400‘rbas-
kets were transported."

J OSEPH B. OWEN is a new type of

It is not an uncommon thing for Mr.

Owen to begin his day‘s work at two
o’clock in the morning and haul two
heaping leads into the market before
breakfast. It requires about four hours
for the trucks to cover the nine miles
to the market, including time for load-
ing and unloading. The same day the
trucks start on another trip at four
o’clock in the afternoon and do not re-
turn to the farm until earlythe next
morning.

Between the trips to market Mr.
Owen spends considerable time in sou-
ing out the baskets that have been de-
livered to his yard by the farmers,
stacking them to expedite the loading
and so as not to injure the produce.
Almost any day in the season one can
see from 500 to 1000 baskets piled up
in his yard. He is highly pleased with
the financial results ,of his efforts and
at the same time he is rendering a sub-
stantial service to the community by
providing an economic means of mar-
keting the products of the small farms.

 

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE SHIPPERS
VIOLATE LAW.

 

The officials in charge of the enforce-
ment of the Food and Drugs Act re-
port that inspectors have found sev-
eral interstate shipments of packages
of fruits and vegetables such as grapes,
tomatoes and berries, which contain
no statement on thepackages as to the
quantity of contents. The net weight
amendment to the Federal Food and
Drugs Act requires that all packages
of foods which are shipped into inter-
state or foreign commerce must be
marked plainly and conspicuously with
a statement of the quantity of the net
contents, either by weight or measure.
Shippers who violate the law by failing
to mark the quantity of the contents
of each package of fruits and vegeta-
bles they ship into inter-state Com-
merce are liable to’ criminal prosecu-
tion. Several shippers have already
been cited to hearings under the Feed
and Drugs Act for violating its pro-
visions in this respect.

 

RECENTLY received a letter from

a Michigan farmer saying he had

several barrels of apples to sell and
asking me to see the local grocers in
my place and get their figures on them.
His apples were principally Baldwins,
Ben Davis, Northern Spy, and Belle-
flower. He evidently had the idea that
as apples were selling in my village at
a very high price, the local dealers
would be delighted to find a, place
where they could get apples at a rea—
sonable figure.

I knew that there was no probability
that he could sell to our local dealers,
as the price they charge for apples is
no index of what they pay. Often the
apples that are sold at a fancy price
on the city and suburban markets have
been purchased at a very reasonable
price in the Chicago wholesale market.

The jump in price comes between
the wholesaler and the consumer. This
is not mainly the fault of the retailer.
He simply has to charge enough to
make himself safe; for he must peddle
the apples out in peck lots and take
chances on some of his stock rotting
and of delayed payments on the ones
sold; as well as occasional defaults in
payment.

So the-producer need not think that
the retailer is basing his charges on
high prices paid.

I consulted the groceryman that I
thought most likely to buy the apples

.in question, and his answer was: “I

would not think of buying from the
producer, as I would have to buy in the
dark. I make it a point to see my ap-
ples before I buy them, and hence buy
only on South Water Street, Chicago.
Besides, the apples you name are not
the ones my customers are in the habit
of buying from me. I find that if I put
in my store apples that I have not been
in the habit of selling, it is almost im‘
possible to get rid of them. Last year
I bought a lot of Bellefiowers from a
Michigan man. I could not dispose of
them and. most of them spoiled on my
hands. It is surprising how much habit
counts with customers. The Baldwin
and Northern Spy are especially fine
apples, yet my customers have gotten
out of the habit of buying them, and if
I carried them I would have to carry
the others anyway or lose trade. Iwill
say, however, that many of the apples
I see shipped into South Water street
are so poor that I would not want
them in my store. And that makes me
all the more determined not to buy ap-
ples unseen.” _

Every producer of apples on a small
scale is up against this situation. The
distance between the producer and the
consumer of apples is widening all the
time, with the increase in size of the
cities.

The only direction of progress left
open to growers of apples in small
quantities is to form co-operative fruit
associations. Such associations would
be able to maintain a commission
house or fruit agency in large distribu-
tion centers. It is the only way to pro-
duce a. sure and safe market for the ap-
ples of the small grower. Otherwise
he must continue to sell his apples in
the dark, as he is doing at the present
time, so far as the large markets are
concerned.

Illinois. H. F. THURSTON.

 

AMENDMENT TO Tl-lE POTATO
QUARANTINE.

 

Hereafter shipments of potatoes
from the Dominion of Canada certified
by the shippers to be as sound as is
commercially practicable and to con-
tain no more than 10 per cent of tu-
bers showmg traces of disease, will be
admitted at any port ,of entry of ‘the
United States, instead of at certain
designated ports only, as in the past.
The shipments, if accompanied by car-
tificates of soundness as provided, will
not be held by collectors of customs for
inspection, except on special notifica-

tion from the Federal Horticultural

   
  
 

 

 

it“?

 

 

 

 

a... 'KVI'o-w . . .. 1

 


 
       

  

 

 

 

     

t

 

 

   
   

 

. ». “nwcbI-‘rfl .. . v

_ ,, .N,~A»~hM-»a

~ Beard.

. by the, Secretary of Agriculture.

  

as ‘br'aéi'anenaiiig . in. are.

and regulationsof the potato guaran-
tine to this effect has just been issued

Under the amended regulations the
importer must apply to the Federal
Horticultural Board for a permit for
importation of potatoes as at present,

lllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllillllllllllllillIllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|NHIIHIIIllIllllllllllIilllllllilllllllll|IlllllllllllllIlllllllillllllllllllilllllllliiNillllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

Farm ProductsflVl.

By I. J. MATTHEWS

Advertising

N the absence of a personal call
from a salesman, other avenues to
the buying instinct of the customer

must be used. In the cases of farm
articles, it is almost impossible to have
salesmen call for orders except in dis-
posing of fruits when backed by a
large company, such as the California
Fruit Growers’ Exchange. The letter
has to be used in place of a salesman.
It is a silent salesman but just as the
salesman should be attired in modest
yet subStantial garb, so the letter must
be artistically adorned. Letter-heads
for farmers ought to be plain and avoid
any large claims or promises that are
impossible of fulfillment.

The letter-head should be done on
substantial stationery. In some in-
stances colored stationery is used to
correspond with the color that has
been selected for the farm but the
great bulk of stationery that the farm-
er uses in pursuance of business calls
or in following up answers to adver-
tisements will be done on white paper.
If the farm stationery is colored to
represent the color chosen as signifi-
cant of the farm products, then to be
consistent the labels, shipping tags,
stickers and all other advertising mat—
ter should be of the same color and
it would be well-nigh impossible to
live up to this idea in all cases.

It is possible only to outlinle the ar—
rangement of the various items on the
paper because this will vary with the
individuality of the farm.
at the top of the sheet should be the
firm name or the farmer’s name, the
trade-mark, a simple statement of
what is usually for sale, and the place.
No stationery can be expected to get
results in short—time tests but poor let-
ter-heads have been known to lose
many a sale for the producer. The
idea that a man’s character can be told
by the stationery he writes upon has
been so widely accepted that prospec-
tive purchasers immediately consign to
the wastebasket without a reading the
letter written on poor paper.

In this connection, when the farmer
puts his name on stationery, he should
include also his wife’s name if she has
been a partner in the business. But
few farm successes could eventuate
without the help of the wife of the
farmer and in justice, it seems only
fair that the firm name should be put
on the letter-head rather than a single
name. The success of a manufactur-
ing business is not, to the same de-
gree, dependent upon the interest of
the wife of the manufacturer and this
explanation is given for those who
would attempt to liken the farm to a
purely manufacturing enterprise.

The business farmer owns a type-
writer. In the absence of a typewriter,
the handwriting must be plainer and
thus it becomes necessary to take
more time in writing. This extra time
will in a few years pay the cost of a
typewriter. The typewritten letter
will always command attention over
the hand-written letter unless the writ
er be a very exceptional penman. The
farmer in business must have a type-
writer, for a letter so written is always
legible and easily read. Every act of
the farmer in advertising should be
subordinate to the thought that con-
sumers are busy people and anything
that will economize their time and
point out what they may desire will be
appreciated by them and their appre-
ciation mirrored in larger sales.

\The letter-head is a most important
adjunct to the farm business. The

a

designating-the deified son‘siaéatry;

. cate of soundness.

In general,-

The foreign shipper must enter the
number of such permit on his certifi-
The Federal Hort-
icultural Board has prepared and will
send to all applicants for permits
forms for shippers’ certificates of
soundness.

cheap stationery sometimes used is
not a suitable salesman. It does not
get business; it_only serves as a ve-
hicle for conveying thought and even
the thoughts are not likely to “get
across” until the stationery has been
inspected. .Good paper bearing the
firm name, trade mark, and address,
accompanied by a simple, truthful, and
forceful statement of wares for sale is
the best medium through which to
reach the prospective purchaser.

Calling Cards Should be Plain.

Calling cards are used by farmers;
they have proven very serviceable and
seem destined to be more useful as the
business of farming more nearly ap-
proaches a scientific basis. The call-
ing card serves as an introduction. The
letter is used in connection with in-
quiries or in follow-up literature and as
such, it is well for the letter-head to
announce the business but the calling
card only serves to get an audience
with the prospective customer and this
purpose is best served by announcing
only the name of the caller. Explain
the business on the card and what hap-
pens. It goes to the housekeeper; she
knows the sender has a selling talk to
be given on a moment‘s notice, and
forthwith, Mr. Salesman is likely to‘f
find that Mrs. Housekeeper is not at
home today. Even though an audience
be secured, the prospect is prejudiced
by the forewarning, whereas if the
card contains nothing but the name, it
creates an air of mystery that will at
least get an audience. The housewife
will think perhaps Mr. Salesman is
there for some good advice or perhaps
to herald the coming of a friend—at
least, she will know what the business
is and her mind will not be prejudiced.
Even the court will not accept a juror
whose mind is prejudiced and the ca11~
ing card may well embody the same
idea.

Under present conditions, calling
cards are good selling helps for farm
commodities. They must be reinforced
coupled with a sense of the import-
ance of the market to be had at the
door. Also, the billboard artistically
placed, together with judicious use of
periodical advertising have been found
to be profitable methods of calling
public attention to farm products that
smack of quality.

 

MICHIGAN CROP REPORT.

 

Wheat.—The condition of wheat as
compared with an average per cent is
86 in the state, 84 in the southern coun-
ties, 89 in the central counties, 92 in
the northern counties and 85 in the up-
per peninsula. One year ago the per
cent was 85 in the state, 83 in the
southern counties, 84 in the central
counties, 91 in the northern counties
and 96 in the upper peninsula.

The total number of bushels of
wheat marketed by farmers in Novem-
ber at 75 flouring mills is 110,814 and
at 77 elevators and to grain dealers
109,692 or a total of 220,506 bushels.
Of this amount 169,341 bushels were
marketed in the southern four tiers of
counties, 38,196 in the central coun-
ties and 12,969 in the northern coun-
ties and upper peninsula.

The estimated total number of bush-
els of wheat marketed in the four
months, August-November, is 4,250,000.
Forty-eight mills, elevators and grain
dealers report no wheat marketed in
November.

Rye.——.The condition of rye as com-
pared w1th an average per cent is 89
in the state, 88in the southern coun-
ties, 91 in the central counties and 93
in the northern counties and upper pe-
ninsula. One year ago the per cent
was 90 in the state, 86 in the southern
counties, 98 in the central counties, 93
in the northern counties and 99 in the

 
  
      
   
   
   
 
 
  
    

His Back!

Skunk fur is readily salable, and lots
of farmers make money by ridding their
land of those little pests.

All you have to do is to set Victor
traps every evening in Fall and Winter
round about the farm in likely spots.

You’ll get muskrat as well as skunk, and
with a dozen traps working all the time two
or three hundred dollars’ worth of fur is
nothing out of the way by Spring.

Start with a half dozen Victors. (You can

get them from any hardware dealer.) They
will pay for themselves—~and a good profit
besides in your first week of trapping.

Oneida Community, Ltd, Oneida, N. Y.

 

 

311:5.” FOR THIS

FINE FUR COAT

Made from your own cow or horse
IllllC to your own measure.

We tan and manufacture the raw
hide into a warm serviceable coat for
this small charge.

Send UsYour Hides

“'e make up any kind of skin to
suit your individual desire—

Also Ladies Coats and
Furs,Auto Robes,etc.

We have been leaders in the tan-
ning business since 1878 and guar-
antee satisfaction.

FREE Book of styles of Mens’
and Woniens' Furs.
~ Write for it today.

Reading Robe &Tanmng Co.

12". East Street - Reading, Mich.

   
  
  

LET us TAN
vuun HIDE.

Cattle or Horse hide. Cult, Dog. Deer
or any kind of skin with hair or fur on.
We (on and finish lhom right; make
them into coats (for men and women),
robes. runs or gloves when ordered.

Ygurlur goods w ill cost you less than . "i
to buy them. and be worth more. Our " .
Illustrated catalog gives a. lot; of ln~
formation which every stock raiser »
should have, but we never send out this - '
valuable book except. upon request.

It tells how to take of]! and care for
hides; how and when We pay tho "alum . .
both ways [about our safe dyeing pro- .. .
cuss which is a tremendous advantage ” '
to the customer, especially on horse
hldou and on" oklnl: about the fur
goods and game trophies we sell. taxi-
dermy, etc. If you want a. copy send us
1;;1' (éorrelft aéidress. I" .

e ros y :- slan ur Company. ~ ‘
r 571 Lyell Ave.. Rochester. N. Y.

   
     
   
 
 
  
 
 
 

 

 

.f/Our: Specialty

”Weare in a. position to state that there isno
firm. individual or corporation. that can give

Trappers Better Satisfaction
Bigger Results and Quicker Returns ‘

Write for our Price List and Market Report:
which quote the very highest possible honest
market prices.

It’s FREE —-Write Now!
M. WULFSOHN & CO.

122-124 W. 26th 51:. Dept. 139 New York

 

WILL PM.YOU MORE

for Furs. Prlcoo hlgh. Trapping season now
on. Get busy at once. We furnish traps
and supplies at lowest prices.

Write for new booklet, "Opportunities for
pleasure and profit in trapping"—also ship-
ping tags. price lists. etc.. ALL FREE
SHIP TODAY
_ F. C. Taylor Fur Co.
240 For Exchange Bldg.

St. Louis, Mo.

 

 

 

 

Get started right thisseason and make
, more money. Send your name today for

- BUMBIUGH’S MARKEI REPORT

now ready to mull. They quote latest marketprlces. Fun from
northern states mm! specialty and I’ll pay the most ,monoy
for them. Correct grading means more money for you. Ignor-
untee my grades or return your furs. Write today

MBAUGH- 205 Court Ave.. has Main 3

. IIIGIII'IS'I' PRICES PAID "I
All. KINDS OF RAW “IRS

e quantities of all kinds of
- raw furs. and it will ay you
especi-

.\ "1 to get my price list.
‘. _ r ally solict communication
~ |\ With dealers having large lot-

Make Money
On Raw Furs

.You can make money on the war if

' you send your raw furs to us. Euro e

. can't get, furs at home this year. and t a
demand is heavier than ever, because of
the fashions. We have four branches in
Europe and numerous connections, and
can get. higher prices there than others
can. We pass these higher prices on to
those we buy from.

Try- Us and Find Out

Send us your first shipment. You will
get u check by return mull which will
prove to you that we can make moremoney
We on on your whole season's catch.

ri e

 

    

to sell. Write for price list
and shipping tags today

0. L. SLENKER.

V as.
V - P. 0. Box E. East Liberty, 0.

Book on Successful Trapping
; and price list.
TRAUGOTT SCHMIDT & SONS
215 Monroe Avenue. Detroit. Mich.

for

WE WANT YOUR

FURS

Will Always pay full Market Value.
Those who have shipped to us will
I vouch for this. Write for price list.

 

We nay top prices for Skunk, Mink
Muskrat, and all raw urn. Price
list free. M. J. JEWE T & SONS,
REDWOOD, N. Y. - DEPTJI.

SKUNK

   
 

 

TAKCE G GORDON

257 Seventh Ave. New York City

 

upper peninsula. .

all k d R hblt .
F0; HaungggLyd" ‘89:: mug‘errgltis, gonad 20 («523135.
. O .

 

Holuuulllo. Ohio _

 

 

 

 


    
  
   
    

  
  
 
  

 

   
     

  
 

    

. .'willIiInlnm‘lmmllmuulmmnmmmmlmlmummnnnnlmll est ”‘ F . p , _. ~.'
‘2 ' ' l ‘ '- fl - -, ... .0». « ,. Bil-‘3' fl' 3 will!" “’
s Mark ets . . es. . me“... ; . . .. ‘ ‘ , e _
= ~ ' 0 $11@13: N0. 1 clover $10@12.- We-hadsaboutasteady nose-market ~ . , ding, 1a , . . ,
' a . - Straw—Wheat and oat straw $6.50 with Saturday’s- close, although a little-y‘earlings $8.;75@11I75-;“wethei-e . , i" '
- Illllllllllll|IllllllllIllllIllilllllllllllIlllllIllIllI||IlllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllll . ” @93 rye straw 39-50@10- lower than the opening Of that day. A 10; .eWéS $5, '9-50; breeding e'WéSVS7-50 f
..few selected heavy Weights sold at 030; bucks 155‘ .50@7.50. Feeders bought *

 

December 19, 1916. DAIRY AND ,POULTRY PRODUCTS. $10.75@10.85, with, the bulk around yearlings at $7.50@‘8.90; wethers {$6.50‘

Wheat—Peacetaih last week_result- . .. $10.60@10.70; pigs and lights $9.75@ @8 and ewes at -'$6.50@8. ' * :‘
edun an 11cdecllne in wheat prices on _Butter.—The market is firm but the 10; roughs'$9.25@9.50; stage $7.50@ Horses were in moderate supply and - .
Friday, which, however. was nearly re- prlces are unchanged; the demandis 8.50. ‘ Everything sold that arrived in demand last week at unchanged prices, ' J
covered the next day when the atti- good. Creamery extras are quoted at time for market, but quite a lot of de- the principal ,demand‘being for army » » '
tude of the Allies toward Germanys 360; d0. firsts 350; packing stock 270 layed stoCk due for Tuesday’s market horses. Inferior to good farm'chun'ks V -, "i-
IJI'ODOSfilS became known. P1 109511” a pound. . and the outlook for that day is no were salable at $60@140‘ desirable
doubtedly would advance more rapidly Elgln.—'—Market continues firm at 216- better. drafters at $240@285, wagoners at $75
at the_present moment were it not for vanced prices. Price, based on sales, With a light run of lambs today our @200 and prime expressers at - $210. .
the miserable condition of transporta- is 381/2c. _ . market opened active and 100 lower Desirable- horses that weighed from
non faculties 1n.th1s country as well Chicago—A firm feeling prevails and than the close of last Week. We look 1400 to 1500 lbs. were in good demand
as on’ the Atlantic. . Even though the the tendency iS toward higher DI‘ICEB- for lower prices balance of the ween at $225@250.
bulls buy the grainfithey find it almost Market. is kept well cleaned up with unless we have light receipts. ._ ' -'.:
impossible to get it to the seaboard prices 11/2c higher. Extra creameries We quote: Best lambs $13.75@14; BREEDING CLASS CHAMPION-

 

 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
  
    
   
  
 
 
 
 
  
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
    
  
 
   
  
 
  
   
    
  
  
  
   
    
   
  
    
   
  
  
   
   
  
  
      
  
  
   
    
   
     
   
  
  
   
    
  
  
   
   
 
 
   
  
    
    
     
   
   
 
 
   
  
   
 
  
    
    
   
  
   
   
   
   
   
 

arf\

 

 

 

and after that to find bottoms for mOV- are quoted at 381/20; extra firsts 37% cull‘ o commo - '

ing the grain across the ocean. Eng- @380; packing stock 28c_ 12; {)UCkS $55%é)9'7@53?,e}$:;h$n8g§0$@89@ SHIPS AT INTERNATIONAL' 4
land’s supplies are far below her needs Poultry.—Market is good on ac- cull sheep $4,50@7; wethers 9.50@10z CATTLE.

and western European countries ap- count of the holiday trade. Prices are top veals $14_25@14,50; heavy $7@9§ Shorthorns.

pear. to be 1n the same C9hd1tloh- Ar- slightly higher. Turkeys are especially common and light $8@12.50; grassers Junior and grand champion bull,Bel-

gentme’s crop shows a slight Improve- in demand. No. 1 spring chickens 18 $5.25@6. lows Bros., Marysville, Mo., on Village

ment over reportsof a fortnight ago, @190; No.2 d0 ”@170; N0. 1 hens 17 We will have no market e Su reme. Senior cham ion 11 A. F.
hilt is. hOWEYGF, cons1derably below @180; NO- 2 d0 160; small d0 13@14c; Christmas Day, but you mightrehagrle & IG. Auld, Guelph Ont}: onbll31urnbrae
her normal y1€1d- The U- S- govern- dUCks ”@200; geese 18@19C; turkeys your usual shipment on Saturday, as Sultan. Junior arid grand champion
merit report ShOWS th? present 01:01) to 28@2_9C- _ . We are going to have a market for all cow, Carpenter & Ross, Mansfield, 0.,
he the 89001191 largest 111 acreage 1n the Chicago—Prices are higher for all classes of stock on Tuesday. on Lady Dorothy. Senior champion
hlSiOI')’ Of this country, exceeding that kinds and the demand fully equals the __ cow Lespedza Farm Hickory Valley,
of 1915-16 by .3 per cent. The condl- supply. Turkeys 12@25c; fowls 14@ Tenh., on Fair Gift. '~

tion, however, is two points below that 171/ c; spring chickens 180; ducks 16 ' . Chicago. ,
of the last crop as reported one year @1§c; geese 14@17c. December 18, 1916. Senior and ng;:1fl?lrdts:hampion bull
ago, and as the trade had looked for a Eggs.——-The trade is good at former > Cattle. Hogs. Sheep. Robert H. Hazlett, El Dorado, Kan, or;

much larger acreage, this report is sat- rices. Firsts 36c; current recei ts 35c Receipts today. 38,000 63,000 “22,000
isfactory to those Who argue for high- Iper dozen. p Same day 1915- 32,885 64.306 19,135
.PI' values. The U. S. visible supply lll- Chicago—Fresh eggs are in demand Last Week ...... 78,486 280,897 98,592
creased 3,095,000 bushels last week. and higher. Others are unchanged. Same Wk 1915--57.210 292,955 96,927
One year ago NO- 2 red wheat was Fresh firsts are quoted at 39@40c; The cattle trade was slow in getting
quoted at $123 per bushel. Last week’s ordinary firsts 35@360; miscellaneous started today, With early sales confined

Brocaldo 6th; junior champion, E. H.
Taylor, Jr., "Versailles, Ky., on Wooo~
ford 6th; senior and grand champion 5
female, E. H. Taylor, Jr., on Juliet; {
junior champion, La Vernet Stock

 

 

llen-oit quotations were: lots, cases included 32@400_ mostly to butcher stuff, and it seemea fgsrstnéégckson, MISS" on Vernet Prln i
No.2 No.1 M to blei taken foir 1granted that buyers . ' Polled Angus '
Red. White. 1 ay FRUITS AND VEGETABLE ' wou _orce a ec ine in prices except - , ' -
Wednesday ----- 1-69 1-64 1-76 S for 0110199 beeves' A g°°d.demand for J Jhlghgtgnitggiig (irogvnalpg): 1333331101;
Thursday .1.68 1.63 1.75 App_les.—Market is firm with prices h0g3 made firm. Prices: with sales at Senior cha’mpiol‘ buil Caldwell of Mis-
Friday ......... 1.57 1-51 1—64 unchanged. Baldwin, Spy and King $9'25@10'25' Blds for lambs. were de- souri on Black Cap ’Bertram.’ Senior
Saturday ------- 1-66 1-60 1-73 are quoted at $5.50@5.75 for the best. eldedly lower, and some chmce lambs and grand champion female J. S. Cald-
Monday -------- 1.67 1.61 1-74 At Chicago the market is unchanged 501d at $13- . ' well & Sons Chillicothe Mo on Hill-
Tuesday --.---167 162 1-74 with the greatest activity in No. For four weeks ”1 311009531011 hogs ’ ' I,

- 1
Chicago—December wheat $1.53 per stock. No. 1 stock sells at $2.50@6 marketed here have averaged 193 me-

i
dale Pride; junior champion, Hobart
Ames, Grand Junction, Tenn., on .

bu; May $1651.13; July $1.38%. per bbl; N0. 2 at $1.75@2.25. in.Weight- Last W991i 701006 h0g3 were Blackbird Perfection 6th
Corn.—~There is a goood 10031 and Potatoes—The market is easy with ihlphed from here, comparing With 59" - Gallow’ays.‘
eastern demand for corn. The cold prices slightly lower. The quotations 43 a week earller. Senior champion bull, H. & G. Crom i

weather has stimulated the trade, how- at Detroit in carlots are $1.50@1.55 for Cattle receipts last week showea Bluff‘ Cit Kan. on Choicemaster; 1', .
81’91', this favorable condition is offset bulk and $1.55@1.60 in sacks. At 'Chi- .SHCh a large increase over the. preced- iunior chgl’llpion,,0. I-I. Swigart & Sons, f M
by the car shortage which prevents any cago the trade is steady with Michigan meme“ that buyers were placed in a Salisbury, Mo., on Evaline’s OtheHO;
large movement. Both cash and fl): white potatoes quoted at $1-40@1-60 pos1tlon to demand concessmns, and senior and junior champion females,

ture interests are buying the gram per bushel. there was a general break in prices for Croft on'Carlotta of L. F. and Meadow
freely, and Liverpool is bidding for ——~—4-~—s—~———~ 311°“ descrmtmhs 01’ Steel’s, 38.1”“ as Queen.
7, corn shipments. The visible supply in- WOOL AND HIDES. "1 COWS and helfers 0f most kinds, al- Polled Durhams.

creased 951,000 bushels last week. No. _ thoughagood canners and cutters 501d
3 corn was quoted at 701/2c a year ago. WOOL—As wool prices continue to go 1:19:38 lilrigilhe iIIIIIbf?Ct, thfi, (1530111139 E5115
Detroit quotations for the past week up dealers seem less certain as to the , ' eween ”1 S 0 _ca .6: cham ion same. on Invincible Sultan.
were: possible limitation in that direction. than m the commoner 10135, Whlle the Senioll3 champioh female, Miller on
No, 3 No.3 The buying capacity-of the public goes best cattle were “9t numerous enough Queen of Miami 9th: junior champion ' ‘
Mixed. Yellow. on unabated, regardless of advancing to allow Of a decline 1n values. De- Rose & Sons, Roseville, Ind., on Crlm- i

 

Senior champion bull, J. H. Miller,
Peru, Ind., on Intense Sultan; junior

 

“iledneisday .......... 321/2 g; quotationg‘lfor everyone seems to have fghneiviaihelrigiitggén1325@1400' per; 100 son Scarlet.
T urs a r ........... mone . eeces are exileme -, . rge Y in seers.
Friday 3 ............. 9412: 96 with games making weekly gagingarii selling at $9-50@11‘ The better class Senior ch megnpfiflfi‘ J W Larra‘ .-
Saturdav ........... 961A; 971/2 Boston, Michigan unwashed delaines 0f. heavy beeves sold at 311506171250, bee Earlvjllae 12d on rliedd ’s'Charm- ‘
Monday" ............. 97 98 are quoted at 420; do. combing 41@ Wlth very attractive 1°15 Offered at $11 er~"unior and glandchamliion same ’2
Tuesday ............ 971/, 99 46c; do clothing 34@38c. . ' and upward, While pretty good steers on’ fim Charmer senior and grand

Chicago.——l)ecenlber corn 9214c per Hides.~No. 1 cured 24c; No. 1 green 501d at $975 and upward. .The greater champign female same on Susie 2nd‘
bu; May 92c; July 911/30. 210; No. 1 cured bulls 170; No. 2green part Of the steers SOld at $8-10@11-25. junior champion ’Iniclle’n & Son Geno:

_~ ‘ , ‘ ,_ bulls 150' No. 1 cured veal ki 300. With a medium class offered freely at " ’

Oats. There was conSldelable bus1 ’ . h , $8 75 and over h'l f « k'll Vii. Ind., on Zelnett.
ness done in oat circles last week due No. 1 green veal klp 250; No. 1 cured at. *7 60 and 6 W 1 e (1313' f 1_ers sold SWINE.
to the unloading of stock by seaboard calf 380? NO- 1 green calf 350: NO- 1' “ ' ver an in erlor 11“ e Berkshires.

. . - ber of steers of the canner class fetch- '
sorbed thls large supply and the reg- NO- 2 hides lo and NO- 2 km and calf . . Hood Farm, Lowell. Mass: Junior
ular denland is keeping the market in 11/?" lower _than the above; sheep- ézfidfiaggdfgtv (3361, Yearltllngsnthat were champion, ToWnshend Farms, New
a healthy condition. The U. s. visible Skins 500@$1 each . to prime offerin S9 51°: 163393331305? London, 0. Senior and grand cham-
supply shows an increase of 1,119,000 There was an ogtlegt f g: t h -@ t. k pion SOW, Hamilton Farms, Gladstone,
bushels. Standard oats were- quoted GRAND RAP'DS- at $5 40@810 for co 0; (111$: 7%r@518%0 N. J-: junior. champion, Sutton Farm,
at 460 a year ago. Last week’s Detroit ‘ for heifer . l fWS n. ' . - ' Lawrence, K311-

quotations were: Both beans and potatoes have been 55,011 Y a 9W prime yealllngs

. . Poland Chinas.

y 3 showmg weakness and are a few cents heifers selling anywhere near the tOD - ' .
Standard. argue lower, some outside stations, like Rock- prlce. Cutters_ 501d at $5@5-50, can- MEfiEiSfefmgafirgéfi.“Rnfipwfinbofifgfg
......... 57 ' ’

561/2 ford, are quoting $5 for white beans, ners at $3.50@4.95 and bulls at $4.60@

exporters. The trade, however, ab- horsehides $8; NO- 2 horsehides $7; steers at $6 and upward, alimited num- Senior and‘ grand champion boar, a!!!

 

 

:‘figlla‘fld‘ ........ .. 56 551/2 while at other places the prices range .8 There was much increased activity 182671, mggfgey, ‘Ill‘lililaglerflllfifnpaorgngogfihg:

Friday .‘ ............. 54 531/42 from $5.50@6. Potatoes seem to be ‘lh the demand for stockers and feeders pion sow, B. F. Dorsey & Sons, Ver— 1

Saturday ............ 541/2 54 around $1.45 at lnost statlons, with the find an advance 1n.prlces for desirable sailles, 111., on May’s Quality. The 1

Monday! ,,,,,,,,,,,,, 55 54% movement llghi- .Fresh eggs are quor- fOts' stockers selllng at $5@7'65 and same exhibitor won both senior and . ’1

Tuesdltv ............ 561/2 56 ed at 41@42c, dairy butter at 300, the eeders at $6-65@3-40- Sales 0f stock- junior championships. . [
Chlodge—December oats 490; May latter being .a nominal figure, as gilt- ers and feeders were largely to Illln0ls Chester Whites. _

530; July 501/20. edge butter is worth fully as much as and Indiana stockmen. Prospects are Grand champion boar, Harry T. {if d

__ .‘ . . creamery. In live poultry, fOWlS are generally regarded as bright for the - . - _
NoRheduoIi‘gdbairgiiillieglghshveihwhaigh worth “@150; ducks 14@160; geese future of the fat cattle _trade, and un- Crandall, Cass City, Mlch., on School
is 50 below the‘figures of last week. 14@16C; turkeys 20@23c. doubtedlv llberal Premiums Will COh'

Beans,_Local quotation, have been at $2.50@6 per bbi; No. 2 at $1.7c@ 311151?) 531123311511,ng Dgflehggagé gfsttgg the same exhibitor. Senior and grand
gagged 191332 itsopig'ggcgfiytfig 833%; DETROIT EASTERN MARKET. heifers-f Cfl‘ges have. 301d we" 0“ e 113115311) iiigngow Ham, 1" Grandan' on
being done at this point. At Chicago 0 l 11 1 b . afls$11s1$5 $ '7 @13’ WIth the late top Duroc Jersey.

a fairly good demand exists with a. nya sma V0 ume 0f usmess was . Ho '8 were in lib al I - ‘ Grand Champion boar, Thos. John-
steady undertone. Hand_picked Mich- done. Tuesday morning. zero weather strong demand 1a tel“ 111D!) 3:1 an? m son, Columbus, Ohio, on Oakland Cher-
igan pea beans are quoted there at keeping farmers away. Apple prlces remaiil e d firm" witsh W? ,fan dp‘rlces ry King. Grand champion sow, Ira
$6.50@6.60; red kidneys $7_20@7.50_- ranged from 75c@$2.25; pork 14@ call for choice ho safo on ,lntue tagge Jackson, Tippecanoe City, Ohio, which

Seeds—Demand is good and trade 141/20: hens $1-75@2 per pair: dressed ment At th lg hr eas egg 5 lp‘ exhibitor also won on junior champion

firm. Prime red clover $10.40; alsike geese 23c; do. turkeys 37c; eggs 55@ ' e c 089 °gs so at a

_ sow and junior championboar.
$10.75; alfalfa $9@10; timothy $2.45. 650 per dozen; honey 180 per frame. range 0f $9'10@9'65 for bacon grades’

_ Hampshires.
Peas.——Trade is more active with $9.70@10.10 for heaVy packers. $9.700!) Senior and grand champion boar,

_ "—' 9.90 for light shippers; $10.10@10.25 - »
3.317% 63??? (islaicclgsgolncluded, quoted at LIVE STOCK MARKETS. for heavy shippers and, $7@9 for pigs. Wickfield Farm, Cantrlll. 1a.. on Look-

. . Lad. Senior and rand champion»
A week earlier hogs were selling at out ‘g
____________ Buffalo_ . sow, J. Couch & Son, Lafayette, Ind.,
FLOUR AND FEEDS. December 18, 1916. 58'90@1°‘15‘ Flucmatmns m we”
Receipts here today as follows: Cat- son to complain.

were narrow, and sellers had no -rea-. on RaMhS R%S::;woflhs
Flown—Jobbing lots in one-eighth tle 168 cars; hogs 85 d. d.; shee 45 (1. La bs h ve All awards in this class were’won ' ' ‘
gaap‘tge‘sacg‘s1231:liglllggtél‘filgtheg-oit ”(1.; calves 1000. head. P still gimme: weglf-pbfy ggtghlfisghlc; 82271: 33’ {Wang Brosé Litchfiiald, Lliich.,hex- p .. .
patent $13910, secorlds $8 601V straieifit With 168 cars of cattle here today, era! high records, the top price paid thag Ulnnivergitagef fi'fiw ic assfiibntwich — .
$8-40- Spfiné patent $94031, e figur the trade was very slow. A few of the being higher than was ever seen‘be- . _ V", him 3 ex_ 1 ‘5 WOh- ,
$8.50, - . 3' best cattle sold about steady. but thefore in the history of the Chicago man All" h 1 “911‘s irflt'm l' ‘ . -r
. 'Fe'ed.—In 10041) sacks jobbin lots bulk of them landed 10@15c lower, ket. Yearlings, wethers and ewes won'bc Bm§»%1:fig:0nn Méglc 8;” were.
are' Bran $31. .standa’rd idgli With some of'the plain, common kind showed similarunward movements in . [y " ', ' . ., ,0' own, . I, .. ‘
, $33; fine mi (1 dlihgs $35. craéiied 01313: :83 8111:0202; Sequalge; lager. There. wages. as adid'aprimn feeding lambs, WP‘RM RW‘ T l; n , . _ _
. 1 . . man or, e canners w ew o ere _ while breeding ewes m: , onus - outlet-om; t
. :;%,clf:arss§7 ggntorlrlleal $40» corn and. and the bulk ofthem sold strong. The were scarce and dear, Never in the. lmnlemelnta. mid gcx'on‘aflikgf'fiih wflfiff’fi“ - "
. _ P , - . feeder demand was very light and the past has there been. anything like as. gggldgggprflngggggggmfigmpm

‘1'

master. Both senior and junior cham-
pionshlps in this class were won by

 
    
  

 

 

 
   
 

 

   
    
        
        
      
     
     
    
  

 

    
 

 

  
  
         
   
 

 

 
  
       
      
      
     
    
    
       
  
 

 
  
  
 
 

  
 
  
 

    
 
 
  

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' _ my isms-m1 some".

. The first edition is sent to those who
have not expressed a desire for. the
latent markets. The late market edi-
tion will be sent on request at any
line.

. DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET.

Thursday’s Market.
December 21, 1916.
Cattle.

Receipts 2694. Live stock was badly
delayed this week . and stock that
should have arrived and been sold on
Wednesday was not unloaded. until
Thursday; the railroads’ are in term-
ble shape and the snow does not im-
prove matters. They are doing all pos-
sible but are so cramped for room it is
a hard proposition and it seems to be
getting worse.
ket here Monday next, Christmas day.

In the cattle division the market op-
ened fairly active but on Thursday ev-
erything but canners, bulls and cutters
were dull and draggy and 25@500 low-
er than last week. A few went back
for feeding and Bray shipped 350 cows
and canners to Chicago, which kept
this class steady. Milch cows were
dull and few good ones were in the re-
ceipts; the close was dull at the de-
cline with quite a bunch of late ar-
rivals going over unsold. Best heavy
steers $8@10; bst handy weight butch-
er steers $7.50@8; mixed steers and
heifers $7@7.75; handy light butchers
$6@6.75; light butchers $5@6; best
cows $6@6.25; butcher cows $5.25@
5.50; common cows $4.50@5; canners
$4@4.50; best heavy bulls $6@6.50; bo-
logna bulls $5.25@5.75; stock bulls
$4.50@5; feeders $6.50@7; stockers $5
@625; milkers and springers $40@75.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Kamman B. Co.
25 steers av 917 at $7.25; to Hammond,
S. & Co. S cows av 860 at $4.50; to
Mason B. Co. 2 do av 1125 at $6.90; to
Bray 8 do av 947 at $4.50, 1 do wgh
1240 at $5.75; to Thompson 1 do wgh
1090 at $6.25, 3 bulls av 830 at $5.75, 1
do wgh 1160 at $6, 1 heifer wgh 610 at
$5.50, 1 bull wgh 1060 at $5.50, 1 do
wgh 1150 at $6.50; to Nagle P. Co. 12
steers av 792 at $6.60, 10 butchers av
730 at $6.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 4 do
av 742 at $5, 16 do av 947 at $6.50, 12
cows av 1018 at $5.85; to Bernfeldt 6
steers av 770 at $6.60; to Bray 6 cows
av 1030 at $5.75, 9 do av 872 at $4.75,
15 do av 1018 at $4.75, 2 do av 785 at
$4, 1 steer wgh 1170 at $7; to Sullivan
P. Co. 7 cows av 910 at $4.50; to Brei‘
tenbeck 21 steers av 955 at $7.75; to
Bray 6 cows av 892 at $4.60; to Ratt-
kowsky 7 do av 954 at $6, 3 heifers av
977 at $7; to Goose 8 butchers av 565
at $5.35; to Parker, W. & Co. 5 cows
av 990 at $4.50, 2 do av 1090 at $4.50,
1 bull wgh 1290 at $6.50, 5 steers av
-085 at $8, 8 do av 821 at $6.75, 4 do
av 1012 at $8.50, 4 cows av 1047 at
$5.50, 54 butchers av 880 at $6.50; to
Allen 13 do av 876 at $6; to Bray 28
cows av 1011 at $5, 25 do av 874 at $5,
17 do av 950 at $4.75.

Veal Calves.

Receipts 832. The veal calf trade
was active from start to finish, best
grades selling at $12@13; mediums at
$9@11; heavy $6@7.

Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Thompson
9 av 150 at $11, 4 av 135 at $12.25, 4
av 140 at $12.50, 2 av 110 at $8, 2 av
270 at $8, 9 av 140 at $12; to Rattkow-
sky 1 wgh 150 at $7.50, 4 av 105 at $10.

Bishop, B. & H. sold Thompson 9 av
150 at $12.50; to Hammond, S. & Co.
3 av 180 at $13, 8 av 145 at $12.25; to
Mich. B. Co. 12 av 160 at $12.

Haley & M. sold Tasmdckey 2 av
145 at $12.50, 22 av 150 at $12.50; to
Hammond, S. & Co. 13 av 160 at $13,
6 av 135 at $12, 2 av 135 at $9.

Erwin, S. & J. sold Rattkowsky 1
wgh 110 at $10.

Sheep and Lambs.

Receipts 5552. The sheep and lamb
trade eased off a little on Wednesday
but on Thursday the 250 decline was
regained and the market was active at
early week’s prices, the tops bringing
$13.25. Best lambs $13@13.25; fair
lambs $12@12.75; light to common
lambs $7@10; yearlings $9@11; fair to
good sheep $8@8.75; culls and com-
mon $5@6.

Haley & M. sold Thompson 18 lambs
av 55 at $11; to Nagle P. Co. 135 do
av 75 at $12.25, 9 do av 7 at $11.60, 116
do av 65 at $11.75, 85 do av 75 at $12.75,
16 sheep av 115 at $8, 22 do av 120 at
$8.75, 3 do av 140 at $8.50, 10 do av
98 at $7.25, 2 do av 135 at $6, 4 year-
lings av 90 at $10.

Erwin, S. & J. sold Wilson & Co. 30
lambs av 85 at $13; to Mich. B. Co. 14
sheep av 115 at $9; to Nagle P. Co.
147 lambs av 80 at $12.85; to Thomp-
son 18 do av 70 at $11.50; to Wilson &

.Co. 31 do av 90 at $12, 8 do av 70 at
$12, 64 do av 80 at $13, 6 do av 65
at $12.

. Hogs. , .
Receipts 8297. In the hog depart-

 

 

ment. the market was steady with ’
Wednesday. Digs selling at $8.75 and -

 

yorker-sand heavy grades $9.50@10.

t

There will be no mar-~

mend?
one part powdered sulphate iron, one

three parts ground gentian; give him'
a tablespoonful at a dose in soft feed

 

     
 

.|,.
.4,-

Veterinary.

,V.S.

Clinging Afterbirth.—-I have a fresh
cow and she has not yet cleaned. This
is a similar experience to what I hat!
last winter, as several of my cows did
not clean after calving. In some cases
I have removed cleanings from the
cows and some of them I have let go
without treatment, but some of them
seemed to do well. How can I prevent
ailment? C. B. K., Woodville, Mich.—
When one or more cows in a dairy mis-
carry or when many of: the cows do
not clean promptly after calving, it is
fairly good evidence of the presence of
contagious abortion in the herd. It IS
considered good practice by Vets. and
remove the afterbirfh, if it does not
come away in 24 hours. Washing out
dairymen to cautiously anc‘ thoroughly
uterus, if done properly and with non'
irritating solutions is helpful, but as it
is often done, it is quite harmful and
had better be dispensed with. The
commercial coal tar preparations are
most commonly used in the strength
of one to 99 of water and cow should
be treated daily for a few days. The
cows should have good care, be kept
in a clean, well ventilated barn, but
not exposed to the cold or stormy
weather.

Scours..——Our five-year—old Holstein
cow has lost all her calves; they ap-
pear to be all right at birth but after
sucking her a few days, they took the
scours and died. When this cow’s milk
was given to another calf, it was af-
fected the same way. What do you
advise me to do? A. C. 11., Kent City,
Mich—Are you sure that your cow
and calf premises are free from infec-
tion, which is almost certain to pro«
duce scours in calves. I believe it is
unreasonable to attribute the cow's
milk as being the infective cause 01‘
calves’ death. Clean and disinfect the
cow stable and calf pens; besides,
promptly treat the navel of every
young calf and be sure to have your
cows calve in a clean, thoroughly dis"
infected stall.

Sprained Stifle Joint.—-We have a
four-year-old mare that has stifle ail-
ment which makes leg stiff and swol‘
len. This is not the first time she has

 

maintains“ {?

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FARM E R

 

 

 

Hirth-Krause
Dress Shoes

. for men and women

AS “Rouge Rex” shoes
made by Hirth-Krause
are superior shoes for the
man who works, so
you ‘will find Hirth-
Krause dress shoes,
dress shoes of su-
perior quality.

And in purchasing dress shoes, you desire style and service.
Hirth-Krause dress shoes have the earmarks of the newest in
design, and in wearing qualities they are as durable as an old
reliable, well established shoe manufacturer 'knows how to
make them.

For your next pair of dress shoes, consult the dealer in your
locality who will show you Hirth-Krause dress shoes. He’ll
satisfy you with your ideas of style and we’ll
see to it that the service will more than satisfy.

Here we have illustrated No. 526 Hirth-Krause dress
shoe. This is a mighty stylish shoe, gun metal, Eng-
lish last, a wonderfully interesting shoe for the man
who wants style and durability in the shoe he buys.

 

HIRTH-KRAUSE COMPANY

18—12 IONIA AVENUE. 5. w.
GRAND RAPIDS MICHIGAN

This is the Trade-Mark of
quality on the shoe for
the man who works — it's
your guarantee of quality

 

 

 

had stifle trouble and I would like to
cure her if I can. R. H., Gratiot Co.,
Mich—Give her a teaspoonful of ace"
tate of potash in soft feed or water
once a day for 15 days. Mix together
equal parts turpentine, aqua ammonia!
and raw linseed oil and apply to stifle;
every two or three days, or clip off;
hair and apply one part cantharides‘
and five parts fresh lard every twol
weeks. This last mentioned ointment
will blister. l

Mild Attack of Lymphangitis.——Have
a horse whose hind leg is sore and ten‘
der on inside of thigh. I have been
giving him sweet spirits of nitre, but!
it fails to help him. C. B. L., Vander'
bilt, Mich.——High feeding, lacl. of ex-
ercise, breathing four air, and constr-

 

 

  

Lansm ‘
Tile

lstronger, more durable walls, “ship~ ‘
ap” -

 

pation are common causes of this kind;

  
  
  

ems ..

Tag your stock—best and cheapest means of
identification for Hogs Sheep and Cattle.
Name, address and number stamped on tags.
Catalog and samples hoe on request.

       

    

Vitrified

    

 

    
  

The
Quality Silo

Reinforced with twisted steel, ’

  

F. S. Burch £60., 263 W. Hun St. Chicago
Ship To The Old Reliable flouoo
Daniel McCaffrey’I Sons 00..
jomt blocks, uniform color— _ ——-—I—- 623-625 Wabash Bld 1.. Pittsburgh PI
smoother-beaterlookingmortilirlines,
con muons oorway—easy-c imbing More Money If you Consign toTHE
ladder. First cost—only cost. The ‘
quality construction in vitrified tile. E. L. RICH MOND ('0' Detroit.
Write for Catalogue B nk
l. M. PRESTON COMPANY
Doph3og - Lansing. Well.
Also get our offer on Climax Silage Fillers
end Bidwell Thresher-e.

 

HAY 21 years in business. Reference

—_ you, ‘ -

We are ' from to» to fifteen cents above

3 the higll’e‘myiwuoit Market for strict-

ly new-laid eggs. to us. American Butter
_

«E Cheese Company, Detroit. Michigan.

:1

 

of case; besides, allowing a horse to

 

 

stand out in cold, bleak weather also
produces this lymphatic trouble. Give
him one quart of raw linseed oil or
feed well salted bran mash or vegeta‘
bles to open his bowels. Rub thigh
with camphorated oil and give him'a
teaspoonful of acetate of potash three
times a day.

Bone Spavin.———-I have a five-year-old
horse that went lame 14 months ago
and which has been lame nearly all
the time since. Our local Vet. fired
him September 1, but he is still lame;
shows it most when turning. What

  
 
   
 
 

BUY YOUR FEED IN CAR LOTS

We can save you money. Write for delivered prices
RANDOLPH, HALL & YOUNG. Cwosoo, Mich.

SHEEP.
Oxford Down Sheep N° 521'?”

M. F. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan.
Bcgislmd Oxford Down Ham: F°'.§i“§;.mo

Olmsted and J. Spaans, M uir. Michigan.
TWO Oxford Ram Lambs not registered at $11 each

if taken right awa . A few 8. C. W. Le horn Cock
erels. Chase Stock ‘arm. R. 1. Mar ette. Mich

FAR M E R
Agents Wanted

Sell Guernsey Silos (glazed and vitri-
fied tile) in your territory. lf plan-
ning to build a silo, write for agency
terms and save money by buying
direct from manufacturers.
GUERNSEY CLAY GO.
907 Fletcher Trust Bldg.

 

 

Direct

 

additional treatment do you recom-
C. F. C., Norvell, Mich—Mix
together one part ground nux vomica,

 

part powdered nitrate of potash and

two or three times a day.

A. W. S., Bellevue, Mich—Your calf
will drink and eat when it is good and
hungry.

 

HORSES

 

 

 

 

SABO

SURE CATCH TRAP
for skunk, coon, pos-
sum. fox, groundhog,
rabbit, etc.

The SABO TRAP is the
heat trap in the world
either for amateur orfirofessional trap ere. This
trap is designed to be p aced in the an ima s'burrow-

MR. FARMER

BUY YOUR
Percheron Stallions and Mares of the
largest breeders in the state. 15 head
to select from—herd established 1899.

PALMER BROS.,

P. O. Belding, lonia Co. Orleans. Mich.

Porcherons, Holslolns, Angus, 8hro shim. Dunc:
DORR D. BUELL. Elm Ire. Ichlflun.

 

itrequiree no bait and is positively sure catch first

tripln nruut: no chance for escape; it catches him

over the bod y; no den or to hunters, dogs or cattle.
Ask your hardware color for one. If he has not

[fit l. m write us for free booklet which explains

t e SABO SURE CATCH TRAP.

Snbo Trap Mfg. Co., 3l26 W. 25th, Cleveland ,0.

 

 

FORE'DOOR ,

 
  

I".
83 Package guaranteed
bnc
IIIEMI.

FOR S ALE-Begistered PoroheronStall ions. Mai-u
. and Fillies at reasonable prices. In-
spectlon invited. F. L. K ING a son. Chorlotte.Mloh

I I P h '
The Fairlleld Slack Farm, h:.:%.?’§i..ii2m"$§£€xfi

and Oxford Down sheep. H. B. Peters. Garland. Mich.
Stallions from one to

Regmtered Percherons. ,0“, warm” and m,
2 year old mares. Priced to sell. Ins Potion invited.
L. C HUNT, EATON R PIDS. MICH.

Fon‘fiALE smuon colts by' Imposant—794ll3 (79335)
weight 2340 lbs. rom mares as good. Agesfrom two
months to three veers old As no you can good find any .
where. Chas. cod 5 Sons. Mendon. Miohilon.

M I NERALW
, ,K .H EAVEzgara
COMPOUND

 
 
 

to ve satisfaction or men
1:. 31 Package sufti eat for ordinary cases e,

um: sum ca. 45: fourth in. Plitshuig. n.

 

Save From $10 to $30 by Buying — .
Direct From The Factory
[tee 191’! Catalog shows loony
models-of our study, shy
cutter“:3 at bargain pmlight ho«gar-ml
m nun on cu Br I. I
“man-mt”; a need to
nuance cum : AND

B! .
. Ell-um stratum-mu.

 

2000 Ferrets

flied free.
Whit. and 3mm Farrel: For Salt
C D “BEAU. New

FERRETS

They hustle rat- ond rab-
bits. Priceliet. and booklet
N. E. KNAPP, Rochester. Ohio. '

. Price list lm
London. Ohio.

—2 year-old. Wt. 1300. In: rt-
ulalan Stallion ed sire and dam. First 3150
winner at Grand Rapids fair in 1916. Priced to as“.
L. H. LEONARD. onto. Mlehinn

Shetland Ponies For Sale °r oxchwe for

grade Fol-tel):
heifers. Ponies are well broke to ride or drive. Price
tron: 850 to 8131' M. L. Ramsey”, Elkton, Mich.

 

  

     
   
  
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


   

* A‘ ~i'l‘he M11kSituat 035111“

Address Delivered by R C Reed, Field Score of The
ducers‘ -AsSOciation. at the Recent Annual
Association of Farmers’ Cl lubs.

0T like men, but like serfs and
N- slaves, have the milk producers
of, Michigan plead for respite
and redress. And no one thing has
done more to .set their teeth'on edge,
no one thing has donemore to arouse
them, than when a representative of a
great twenty-five million dollar corpor-
ation in New York City that has been
paying better than 40 per cent divi-
dends on actual investment, that has
gotten its wealth largely from Michi-
gan milk, came to our capitol city in
response to repeated' and earnest re-
quests of the milk producers of their
factories to meet a producers’ commit~
tee, and instead of meeting the com-
mittee like men, he treated them as a
slave driver would his slaves, and told
them to go back to their cows. This
seemed the last straw. They had made
their final cry, there was nothing more
left to 'do, but to get lime in the spinal
column. The result of this last insult
and rebuff was the formation of The
Michigan Milk ProduCers’ Association.
These men believe that they were born
to be men and not slaves. They believ-
ed that they had a right to have some-
thing to say about the selling price of
their product.

After that memorable day, May 23,
1916, when this organization was
brought into existence and left to be
the radiating center, the dynamic force
of this great movement in Michigan, it
was surely without form, and void.

For days and weeks the board of di-
rectors sought for a new way out. They
sought the path that led toward the
rising sun of promise. What shall be
the resources, the policies,‘the slogan
of this organization, that had been
created by the good men and women
of Michigan and left to our care and

development.
It means much to finance a great
state reform movement. Sufficient

funds must be forthcoming to provide
for existence and an emergency. Where
shall this be found?

Our faith in the men and women of
Michigan asserted itself again, and we
said they will furnish the funds if we
can get this matter properly before
them. Then we established the En-
dowment or Guarantee Fund Proposi-
tion.

We have appealed to a few only of
the loyal men and women to place at
the disposal of the board of directors
of this organization a sufficient sum of
money to insure its permanence, and
their response will serve as well as
anything to show to what extent they
have been aroused. To what pitch of
patriotism they have reached, when I
tell you that in one county, with only
a. part of the territory covered, $5,000
was subscribed. Other territory adja-
cent to this was reaChed and now $10,-
000 has been placed subject to the call
of the board of directors, to insure the
permanence of this work, and still the
work goes on. We are quite sure that
we have the foundation ‘for a Work of
permanence, a work that shall endure
through years of time and through
many ordeals that shall beset the bus-
iness of milk production.

Every milk producer in Michigan
should be patriotic enough to do his
full share in the maintenance of this
great work. Our plan of finance is
well established and is giving the best
of satisfaction.

Our Policy.

The policy of this organization is
constructive and not destructive. Ev-
erywhere we desire to avoid strikes
and lawsuits and neighborhood di-
visions. Always we desire to build
public sentiment to the justice of our
claims, to a price for our product which
will equal the cost of production and
a reasonable profit for our business.

The Slogan.
The slogan of this organization is

 

Mic Milk Pro-
eéting of the fate

education, legislation and co-ope'ration.

About the manufacture of no other

product has there been such ignorance
as about the manufacture of milk. The

man who has but a small herd of cows, _

who produces but a small amount of
market milk has had. no idea of the
cost of production. He has been con-
tent to go on year after year in the
production of this product without
knowing its cost, without knowing its
value, without knowing what he was
to receive for it. He has worked him-
self over hours, often 16 hours a. day,
his good wife has been the sharer of
his labor without reward; his children
have also contributed of their labor
and energy. All this and an absolute
indifference to the fact of profit or loss
in the business.

And when the state of Michigan en-
deavored to assist in determining the
cost of production, so dense was this
ignorance he did not want to know, he
did not want to be disturbed, he did
not want to awake to find himself a
loser and it was by the most persistent
endeavor on the part of public-spirited
citizens that a suflicient number of
men were induced to allow this inves-
tigation to be made in their herds
around about Howell. The investiga-
tion has been made by and at the ex-
pense of the state. Finally a suffi-
cient number was secured and the in-
vestigation begun by the state on the
first day of March, 1916.

When the report was completed for
this month it showed that in these
herds (as good as there are in Michi-
gan), that it cost $1.83 to produce a
hundred pounds of milk. The selling
price of this milk was $1.52 per cwt.,
making the producer a loser of 31
cents for every hundred pounds of
milk produced in the month of March.

When the month of April was com-
pleted it was found that the Cost of
production was $1.85 per cwt., and the
price received was $1.44, making the
producer a loser of 41 cents on every
hundred pounds of milk produced in

April. Since that time varying condi-
tions and varying prices have pre-
vailed.

Under p1 essure of the Michigan Milk
Producers’ Association the price was
forced to $2.00 per hundred pounds for
Novemberf A great protest went up
over the land that the farmer was tak-
ing an undue advantage of the situa-
tion of scarcity, but the report of the
cost of producing November milk will
show this to be not less than $2.17 per
hundred pounds, so the milk producer
is still behind the game, but all over
the state producers are becoming
awakened to the situation and are ral-
lying well to the investigation.

Not only are we trying to educate
the milk producer to a better knowl-
edge of this business, but we are using
oiir best offices toward the manufac-
ture of a better product. We are also
setting before the consumer a better
knowledge of the nutritive value and
the cheapness of its nutrients as com-
pared ‘with other foods.

Thousands of pieces of literature
have gone from this association to give
to the consuming public a knowledge
of the nutritive value of our product,
and the many responses received as-
sure us of the value of this feature of
our propaganda.

Legislation.

As far as this organization is con-
cerned nothing has as yet been done
along the line of this part of our pro-
paganda and we are not at liberty to

speak as to what our plans are.

:l! 1: =1:

But what of the proposed embargo?
You cannot produce cheap foods from
high-priced, labor, high-priced equip-
ment, and high-priced material, and if
the consumers of the city, force on the
American farmer the embargoJon the

 
  

- farms, with city population so congestz

 

back to them with ,
tién, with- thousands” of- abandoned,

ed that there is not housing room,
with food production decreasipg until
a food famine stares us in the face.

Must the producers of £0011 of this 1111- largely 11115111111 able to the high cost .

tion be still farther discriminated
against by an embargo and restrictive
measures?

Co-operatlon. '

Ignorance and prejudice, are the in-
superable barriers to the progress of
every reform movement. These are
the rocks on either side of the chan-
nel of every successful commercial en-
terprise. These are the hell-gates that
must be blasted away before clear
sailing can be gained. Education and
co—operation are the dynamite cart-
ridges that must be used to clear away
ignorance and prejudices.‘ Our hope
of success rests no more on the pros-
pect of removing ignorance than it
does on the hope of eradicating pre-
judice. These are the things that
thwart the man whose interests are
identical with ours, who sends his crop
to the same market, who travels the
same road, patronizes the same school,
lives under the same government. "

The farmer people can have any
thing they desire if they are fully pos-
sessed with the spirit of cooperation,
and we believe that the milk‘produc-
ers of Michigan are getting a new vis-
ion of their opportunity and their re-
sponsibility as they have shoWn such
a splendid spirit of cooperation in the
work of this organization.

That leads us to ask this question.
What has been accomplished and what
of the milk situation in Michigan to-
day?

We divide the milk producers of
Michigan into two classes. One class
that is producing milk and selling it at
a loss and know it. The other class
that is producing milk and selling it
at a loss and don’t know it. Notwith-
standing the considerable advance in
price of recent date, milk production is
carried on today at a tremendous loss.

As we have madethe survey of the
state we find that the price obtained
for milk in the different parts varies
from $1.00 per hundred pounds to $3.00
per hundred pounds. 01', in other
words, milk is selling in Michigan to-
day from two to six cents per quart to
producers. The milk producing dis-
tricts of the state have changed great-
ly in the last few years, naturally
those sections lying close to the great
center of population should be produc—
ing milk for those centers, but as we
visit those districts we find that the
number of cows has been greatly re-
duced in the last few years. When we
question these people as to why this
is so, the reply is, “We could not con-
tinue at the price obtained; we had
made milk at a loss long enough.” We
then visited the new milk areas of the

state where men are just beginning.

the business of milk production. These
men are enthusiastic and are expecting
great things: The fact is that these men
are a whole day’s rail haul from the
great-markets, and that they do not
know the milk-producing game. They
do not know that the nearby city pro-
ducers have been driven out of busi-
ness, they don’t know the cost of pro-
duction and the consequent loss, they
don’t know that many milk receiving
stations near the city have been closed
down because there was no profit in
the production. They, too, must work
out their experiment and eventually
abandon the business they have tried
unless an increase in the price of the
product can be obtained.

But the call-10f the city man comes
to us now. ' How about our supply of
milk? How about feeding of Our babies
and supplying of our tables with this
indispensable food product? We reply
to you, “That is up to you; we have

~Ween concerned long'eno‘ugh about‘giw-

mg cheap and nutritious food to the
people. It is up to us to get a profit

      

  
 

 

on our business or .quit the business " J

diz‘e
. .15131111111
t-‘ey 1111192111151; “011

sided tQ mgké the baitléuoigjfe 383mb??? ~ 1 “1

awful odds in their declining years.

 

tributable to the. high' cost ‘of prodde-
tion, but the hi cost of production‘ls

of labor.
In the years past the milk producers
of Michigan have put into their b11314
ness their labor at a cheaper price

than the open market would pay for

that of the mpst ignorant Dago

The profit on the milk business in
the past has been to the distributor
and to the plants that have been mak-
ing condensed milk and other milk p1 o-
ducts. Statistics show that these con.
cerns have been making tremendous
profits, these profits varying from 28
to 60 per cent per annum.

In the recent raise' in the price of
distributed milk,- 40 per cent of the
raise has gone to the producer and 60
per cent to the distributor. -

Why should one branch of this bus:-
ness succeed to such a degree and the
other branch fail so signally? This
question is easy of solution, it is easy
of reply. The man interested in the
distribution of milk with but compar~
atively small investment at first have
given strict heed to the organization
of their business. They have watched

the business end of the game. They
have thought, they have used their
brain more than their brawn, they
have succeeded.

The farmer has used his brawn, he
has tugged and lifted, he has worked
over hours, many times putting two
days’ work into one 24 hours. He has
not co-operated with those in the same
busines, he has not organized. He
has gone singly and alone to meet the
organized forces of the buyers. His
own narrowness and prejudices have
been his undoing. Many efforts have
been made to effect co— operation of the
tillers of the soil. Your own organiza
tion is a splendid example of this
These have all been instrumental in
developing the co-operative idea and
educating the people to the necessity
of giving more thought to their busi‘
ness. ‘

How can we help the producer and
consumer, were the questions that
came to us for first analysis. A better
price and a better product is our aim.
For this purpose were our funds gath—
ered and for this purpose are we ex‘
pending them. Our organization has
worked incessantly, in season and out
of season, for the accomplishment of
this purpose. We have expended of
the funds entrusted to our care up to
date, about $1, 450, and as a result of
this the milk producers of Michigan
are receiving an advance in price that
aggregates better than $35,000 per
week.

A greater victory than this is the
conception that they have gained of
the privilege and responsibility of a
CO- -operative effort and a better known-
edge of their business.

That we may properly safeguard the
future of this great nation; that we
may not further deplete her soil fertil—
ity; that we may not rob unborn gen
erations of their heritage, let us safe-
guard the dairy industry; let us make
this business by our foresight, by our
organization and by our co- operation
a monument that will prove to coming
peoples that we are worthy scions of
those illustrious patriots who have
handed to us this goodly heritage.

SO‘ME GOOD COMBINATIONS.
No.19.

 

Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk ..... $1. 25

 

Designer & Dressmaking, mo. . .75
Boys' Magazine, mo ............. 100
Poultry Success, mo ............. -50
Every Week ................... 1.00
Regular price. $4.50
OUR PRICE ONLY $2.25.
No.20. ‘
Michigan Farmer, 3 yrs., wk ..... $1.25
Christian Herald, wk ............ 2.00
Review of Reviews mo .......... 3.00 .
McCall’s, mo .............. . ..... .50
Youths’ Companion . ..... 1.75
Regular price ............... $8.50

OUR PRICE ONLY $5.50.
Order by numbers. Add Fifty Cents
after February 1.
Send all orders through the Michii
gan Farmer.

 

Results from One Insertion. ‘

 

to your advertisement, resulting;
sales amounting to more than $1,130;
86-100ths of one. per cent is a in
small [percentageo invest in advertiss
11111.31 had no stock .1

the last 28 W

when

   

 

‘iTlie 111311 cost of ”flying is not an at? V.

“I had 37 inquiries directly traceable:

  
           

     
   
 

 

 

 

 

 

   
   

 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 

 
   
    
   
   
     
   
 
 
   
   
  
 

 
  
  
  
  

  
 
  
  
   

   
     


   
 
      
   

‘Ketcham delivered this address in his value of the Upper Peninsula.

 

 

 

 

ELEGATES from‘ 82 of the 83 'for state taxes was 12.8 per cent, which

D cOunties of the state,aas well as in 1915 was only 15.7 per cent. There-
a. large number of other Grang- fore, if we are to advocate tax reform

ers, met in session at Lansing in the we must keepa watchful eye on local
Prudden Auditorium from December tax situations as well as those of the
12 to 15 inclusive, to discuss questions state. There are two methods of solv-
of vital importance to the Grange and ing our tax problems; one is the estab-
the rural" interests of the state. The lishment of the'budget system to take
meeting was noted for its attendance, care of the state expenses of our state
intense interest at all the sessions and institutions and the other is to rectify
the harmony and dispatch with which the unequal taxation of. land values. In
the work of the convention was dis- the reductions that the state board of
posed of. equalization made in the valuations set
The chief thing of interest in the by the tax commission, Wayne county
early days of the convention was the received 42 per cent of the total. The
master’s address, which was a most amount taken from Wayne county’s
able discussion of some of the live valuation as set by the tax commission
Grange questions of the day. Master was but $43,000,000 less than the total
The
usual forceful manner and it was re- rate as now fixed must hold for three

ceived with acclamation by the cone years, but to remedy this glaring in-‘

7 consistency, influence must be brought
Grange Rallies. to bear upon the legislature to pass
In a review of work of the past year laws eliminating the duplication of the
Mr. ‘Ketcham said that although Mich- work of the tax commission and the
igan did not follow the plan of other state board of equalization.
states in holding field meetings, there commission could well do the work of
were two special events during the both committees.
past year which did much to promote The High Cost of Living.
better Grange spirit and work. The In discussing the subject of the high
first was the special Pomona meetings cost of living Mr. Ketcham said that
during the week of January 17—22, dur- consumers, middlemen and preducers’
ing which time 70 Pomonas were visit— organizations were busily engaged in a
cd by representatives of the State general campaign of agitation, each
Grange. During the last week of July claiming that the blame cannot be
four consecutive meetings were ad— properly charged to them. Grand jur-
dressed by Hon. Oliver Wilson, Master ies, embargoes, boycotts and investiga-
‘of the National Grange. These meet— tions of various kinds are among the
ings did much to stir 11D Grange enthu- suggestions advanced to relieve the sit-
siasm and the attendance setanew rec- nation. In the heat of such a wide-
ord for meetings addressed by the Na- spread agitation it is hard to sift the
tional Master. Numerous Pomona and truth from exaggeration and misinfor-
subordinate Grange rallies and picnics mation. The farmer has the best on
also had a good effect in arousing the portunity he has had in many a day to
Grange spirit during the past year. present his side of the case and re-
Michigan took an active part in the ceive for it careful consideration. The
National Grange meeting at \Vashing- preSent high price for farm products is
ton which was honored by the attend- caused by a world shortage of produc-
ance of President and Mrs. Wilson and tion, due to unfavorable climatic condi-
a short address by the President. This tions during the past season, coupled
is the first time that the National with the great scarcity of farm labor.
Grange has been honored by an ad- Owing to increased wage levels in the
dress 0f welcome given by a president city, laborers are flocking to industrial
of the United States. At the semi-cen- centers and in consequence we see an
tennial anniversary celebration, Wor- increased demand for farm products.
thy Chaplain Olivia Woodman com- Contributory causes are hand—to-mouth

vention.

' pletely captured the audience by her methods of living practiced by many

talk on early Grange reminiscences. city residents, the possibility of specu-
Michigan was also honored by Sis~ lative control of perishable food pro-
ter Stockman appearing on the pro— ducts, monopolistic control of our meat
gram of the lecturers’ conference, and products and the removal of a large
alsofor a talk on home economics be- share of the world’s producers into
fore the National Grange. fields of destruction. Back of these

Work to Make Prohibition Effective. there is one underlying cause that has

0n accc'Junt of its prominence in the been gradually developing, and that is
work for prohibition the Michigan that decreased production by the farm-
Grange can duly rejoice in the :‘dry” er is primarily caused by the fact that
victory of November 7. Although our he is not getting adequate financial re-
aims have been accomplished in this turns for his labor. Surveys show that
respect, we must not rest content but the average farm labor income is about
must give thoughtful consideration to $350, and in many cases the farmer re—
constructive glegislation necessary to ceives an income smaller than that of
make the prohibition constitutional his hired man. Many progressive farm-
amendment effective. This legislation ers have found by applying cost sys-
should not be made extreme by radical tems common in other industries that
temperance advocates, but the laws of their business does not pay at pric-
various states where prohibition is now es paid on a ten-year average, and they
effective should be studied and their have disposed of their holdings and
best provisions copied for our own use. gone into other callings. One phase

In his discussion of taxation, Brother of the high cost of - living agitation
Ketcham said that it was the Ameri- which the Grange must handle Without
can habit to save our discussion of the gloves is the proposal to place an em-
tax problem until we visited the tax bargo on food. stuffs. With cheaper
collector, when we would express in no food prices, and wage levels in the city
kind terms our idea of the enormous remai ' g where they are, still larger
rate and inequity of our assessment. numbers of people would leave the
We should act on tax problems before farm to enter other lines of 'activity.
appropriations are made and assess- We should be no less emphatic in our
ments spread if we are to be rated as declaration on the subject of the boy-
anything but kickers. ‘The enormous cott. Millions are expended for pleas-
increase in our total tax budget is ure and entertainment, yet we hear of
worthy of consideration. In, 1906 economies being urged in the purchase
Michigan raised for all kinds of taxes, of the essentials of life. Why not put
twenty-six and one—third million dol- a boycott on non-essentials where dol.
lars. In 1915 the total amounted to lars are involved rather than on food
sixty and one-half millions, an increase products where pennies are at stake?
0:130 per cent for the decade. Many Why wail about a cent or two per
are led to believe that the principal quart in a food product and in contrast
cause of this increase is the increase pay double the. price paid two years
of state taxes; this is not so, as in age for the latest creations of the mil-

1906 thg proportion of the total levy liner and shoe shop? The high cost of

The tax ‘

   
 

ichigan State “range

living today is wrapped up'in the prob- Fifth and sixth degree fees..

305.00
1 m f . . - h' ‘ri f Transferred from invested
e 0 dIStr’butwn and t e ’3‘” t O .funds .................... 1,500.00

co—operation. BOth producers and con Dues from‘Subor. Granges. . 11,172.21

sumers should come to a better under- Supplies sold .............. 843.39

standing of the relation each. bears to Nat’l Grange extension fund 140.00

the problem and together move for. Lecturers: Bulletln ......... 18.00
ward to its solution Grange Life Assurance Asso-
‘ ciation, per cent on renewal

Co-operative Marketing. premiums ................ 231.35

In commenting upon co-operation in Sale 0t Grange property. - - - 150-00

marketing, Mr. Ketcham said that the Total receipts ............ $23,603.07

present general economic pressure up-
on farm people has forced these ques-
tions into the limelight. The spirit of
co-operative effort is better understood,
farm people are being trained in the
selling art, and a better grade of pro-
ducts are being offered for sale. Fol-
lowing the instruction of last year, the
executive committee has worked out a
plan for the organization of co-opera‘
tive selling associations in Granges.
Two deputies who are thoroughly post-
ed in the theory and practice of such
assoCiations are subject to the call of
any Grange desiring their services.
The interest in the problem of market-
ing taken by the dairy and food depart-
ments, the agricultural college through
its market director, and the federal
government is encouraging. It is re-
gretted, however, that any friction
should arise among these various agen-
cies and it is hoped that the whole
movement may not be hindered by pet-
ty contentions.

Other subjects brought out in Mr.

Overseer’s Report.

In giving the overseer’s report, Mr.
C. H. Bramble said that during the past
two years many of the reforms which
the Grange has advocated have crystal-.
lized into federal laws. The following
are some of them: Child labor law, in-
heritance tax, federal reserve law, rur-
al credits act, workingmen’s compen-
sation, federal aid for state roads, phy‘
sical valuation of all railroad property
as basis for fixing freight and passenv
ger rates, graduated income tax, direct
election of United States Senators, and
the extension of the parcel post sys-
tem. While these laws have been put
into effect, some of. them are not en-
tirely what is wanted and the Grange
should use its influence for its improve
ment. With the record of the past two
years we can expect to see national
prohibition and equal suffrage as fed—
eral laws in a short time. The farmers
are to be congratulated for their en-
deavors along co-operative lines, and
the Grange should do everything pos’
Ketcham’s speech, were the need Of a sible to assist them in these endeavors.
State Grange paper, the value of the It should especially give aid to the beet
National Grange Monthly, and the need growers who are organizing to obtain
of more extensive and stronger organi- a better price for their product. It is
zation in the work of solving the new nothing but fair that they should re-
problems 0f the farmers today. ceive a price for sugar beets based on

The following is a condensed finan- the value of the finished product. Tak-
cial statement as given in the annual ing the average price of sugar and that
report 0f the treasurer: of beets, the factory gets $24 for every

Invested Securities. $6 it pays to the beet grower. The
Bonds and securities on hand farmer has greater labor in producing

Dec. 1, 1915 --------------- $41.000-00 beets than the factory in making sugar.

Bonds and securities bought 1,000.00

The Lecturer’s Program.

Wednesday afternoon was given ov-
er to the lecturer's program. It was
full of inspiration and entertainment
such as the Worthy Lecturer, Dora
Stockman, is able to get together. Mu-
sical numbers consisting of music by
the Industrial School Band, solos by
E. A. Dodd, Master of Capitol Grange,
and music by the ladies quartette of
Delta Grange. Readings were given
by Mrs. Candice Bramble, of Windsor
Grange, and Harry Coon, the youngest
Grange master in Michigan. Mr. Coon
is sixteen years old. Very able talks
were given by Mr. Burr Lincoln on
“Weights and Measures ;” L. W. Oviatt
on “The Future of the Far,mer;” A. B.
Cook on “The Grange in New Co-opera-

Bonds and securities, Dec. 1,
1916 ..................... $42,000.00

Notes of Patrons Mutual Fire
Insurance Company ...... 4,000.00

Cash on hand Dec. 1, 1916.. . 2,241.83

Total invested funds ........ $48,241.83
Interest due and uncollected 100.00
Cash in general fund, Dec. 1,
1916 ..................... 1,664.79
Total resources, Dec. 1, 1916.$50,006.62
Invested Funds Cash Balance.

Cash on hand Dec. 1, 1915. . .$ 2,545.00
Interest collected 1916 ....... 2,296.83

Total .................... $ 4,841.83
Transferred to general fund 1,500.00

$ 3,341.83

Bond purchased ............ 1,000.00

Cash on hand in invested tive Projects,” and W. F. Taylor on
funds .................... $ 2,341.83 “Grange Possibilities.”
Classification of Disbursements. -
Session of State Grange ..... $ 7,611.96 M ”41mg"? Granger'm’m-
Expenses of executive com- ’ rs. * 00 {man also gave her IBCtUT-
mittee ................... 1,250.43 er 8 report. This report urged further
Extpenses of special commit- 15376 use of the standard Grange plan, as
ee ...................... . . . - . .
Sixth degree fees paid Na- Ed'St experience has shown that if has
tional Grange ............ 113.00 99“ .311 Incentlve to more falthful
National Grange dues ....... 2,294.95 work in the Grange. The lecturer has
Fifth degree fees returned to 24 50 received good co-operation from out-
omona .................. . .' . . -
Supplies purchased ......... 694.70 side forces, espemally from the Exten-

sion Department of M. A. C., and she
urged greater use of this department

874.26
2,780.00

Printing and stationery .....
Salaries of state ofiicers .....

Co-operation --------------- 2,066.66 in the future. The system of awarding
gaggl‘l‘lyfgitégn ............... 223.2% medals to young people for taking part
Raises 1,261I20 in Grange work which was suggested

last year and tried out in four counties
with success. Between two and three
hundred Granges asked for the tem-
perance play, and in many instances it
was given several times- In order to
interest children who are too young to
contest for the medals, the Clover Club

476.89
5.08
475.25

137.07
500.00

Lecturers’ department ......
Secretary’s office expense...
Postage ....................
Per cent on supplies sold,

paid to secretary .........
Contribution to dry campaign
Michigan Patron to officers

whose Granges do not sub-

‘ scribe ................... 147.75 . ,
Express on bonds,ipontiac to ,_ children were organized. To each child
Lansing .................. 10.90 Who memOrized and gave four selec-

Insurance on Grange property 1.80 tions at different times, a button was

-————————-—- offered. About 65 children in ten dif<
Total disbursements ...... $21,938.28 ferent counties had been awarded but-

Cash on hand """""""" 1’664'79 tons. This plan has been very effective

$23,603.07 in increasing and reviving Grange ins
Classification of Receipts. . terest in many places and the total cost

On hand Dec. 1, 1915... . . . . .$ 1,714.57 110 the State Grange was, only $15.
From co-operation .......... 7,258.55 (To be continued).

\

».'

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Early W inter
N the production of winter eggs no
consideration is of more importance
than the health of the hen. It is
contented, healthy hens that pay the
profit and care should be taken to in-
sure the 'welfare of the flock. A few
hours work on many poultry houses,
coupled with an expenditure .of a five
dollar bill will transform them from
an ugly makeshift into a comfortable,
profit-paying hen home, and some-
times it is not even necessary to spend
a dollar. If one does not wish to spend
real money there is often enough
boards that lay around in disuse to go
a long‘ways in doing repair work. Even
corn fodder from which the ears have
been husked keep outxthe cold and pre-
vent drafts when set about three sides
of the house.

- Provide for Ventilation.

It is better to leave an open space
in the front of an otherwise closed
house than to board it up tight until
no air or sunlight can enter. In such
a house colds are the rule and disease
germs thrive. No hen can work prop-
erly under such conditions and if you
really cannot afford a window or two,
leave an opening that will admit light.
Leave an opening in the front of the
house anyway.

Too many winter houses,
that matter all poultry houses,

and for
are

 

White Diarrhea: is One of the Greatest
Causes of Mortality Among Chicks.

built too narrow and too high. Build
your house at least twelve feet wide
and sixteen feet is better. Then make
it only high enough to work under
comfortably. This saves material and
at the same time allows the perches to
be placed far enough from the front.
The wide house also conserves floor
space and a house sixteen feet square
has many advantages over one twice
as long and only half as wide.

Use plenty of litter in the laying
house but be sure that it does not be-
come wet and mouldy. Damp houses
bring about this condition and floors
should be higher than the outside
yards. Even in houses where no damp-
ness is noticeable the litter becomes
badly damaged and will draw moisture
after it becomes finely pulverized.

The Best Breed vs. Good Care.

Just what we have learned from the
various egg—laying _ contests about
which are the best breeds would be
difficult, indeed, to determine, but one
thing stands out clearly and that is the
fact that almost every known breed—
at least, every breed that is in any-
thing like general use—can be relied
Upon to produce good returns if the
keeper does his part. Practically all
of the better known breeds have won
in these contests under identical con-
ditions, so if your Rocks lay less than
your neighbor’s Reds, do not be in a
hurry to change breeds. It may be
'your own fault.

Skim-milk in copious quantities is a
valuable egg feed and many farms can
supply it at practically no expense.
Where it is not at hand a portion of
meat scrap added to the ration usually
pays. However, do not get the idea
that milk will also take the place of
water. Milk is a food—water a drink.

Corn has been severely criticised be-

\

Poultry HlntS
cause of its fat-forming tendency but '
do not let this deter you from feeding-

corn. Fed rightly it is a great food and
no one ever found a poor hen that was
laying eggs enough to be profitable. It
is usually the old hens that become too
fat, but feed enough corn to aid in
keeping up the body head when the
weather becomes cold. Corn and wheat
are two great feeds.

Indiana. V. C. SMITH.

PROGRESS IN THE POULTRY BUSI-
NESS.

One of the greatest evidences of the
agricultural progress of this country is
the specializing and systematizing of
the various branches of farming. In
the past a fellow was just a farmer, he
kept cows, raised pigs and had a flock
of poultry, etc. There were no dairy
farmers or poultry farmers, but now
each branch of farming is made a spe-
cial business by a large number of peo-
ple. Even though we progress along
these lines the majority of the people
engaged in farming will carry on di-
versified farming but they will learn
from the experiences of the specialists
and will improve all of the branches
of farming they carry on.

The poultry business is? going
through this process of change and
those who have gone at the matter in
a sane and business-like manner,
have made a success of the business
and are now enjoying profits because
so many said that hens were not worth
feeding high-priced grains to. They
are enjoying unexpected reward for
their foresight. There is no doubt but
what the poultry business pays and
will pay if common sense and business
like methods are used. Egg and poul-
try production is not increasing, while
the consumptive population is rapidly
increasing. Therefore it will be some
time before we can expect the supply
to equal the demand.

In every industry there is some one
thing which has revolutionized the in-
dustry; in the poultry business it
was the incubator. Commercial poul-
try business would hardly have been
possible if it were not for some more
certain method of hatching on a larg-
er scale and under greater con-
trol of the poultry keeper than the old
hen. Probably the greatest improve-
ment the iri‘cubator has brought is that
there is no limit to the quantity of
eggs hatched at one time, thus making
it easier and more economical to raise
the required number of chicks to make
the greatest profit out of the equip-
ment on hand.

It is no longer necessary to argue
that the incubator is an improvement
over the hen when it comes to hatch-
ing, but many often hesitate to take on
improvements because they do not be-
lieve that they will be of any great
advantage in their particular case.
With the incubator manufacturing bus-
iness developed as it is there are
made efficient machines of sizes suit-
able for all from the small farm poul-
try keeper to the commercial poultry
raiserwho hatches large numbers at
a time and the small machine is of as
great help to the small farm as the
large machine is to the large operator.

There is no better time to stay in or
get in the poultry business than now,
as many have been short-sighted in
selling off their hens on account of the
high price of feed. On this account
eggs will be comparatively high for
some time to come and poultry meat
will be much higher than it is now, be-
cause. the hens which are being sold
on account of high feed prices are on
the market. One can feel assured that
the prices of fresh eggs and well finish-
ed poultry will be high enough to pay
a handsome profit in spite of the high
cost of feed, provided one uses modern
methodsand judgment in his work.

 

 

 

1.0 8&1- -1 abator

PI!!!
for if. TODA ororder direct.

-(!)
isoonsjn Incubator 00.. Box 104 losing. Its.

loln Our MONEY-MAKERS
with “Successful” '"°#38'°"‘

’ Twenty-three years leader-
ship. Poultry lessons free to
every buyer. Booklet, “How
to Raise 48 out of 50 Chicks"
—-10c. Catalog FREE. Make
green, egg-making feed in
‘ ‘Successful' ' Grain Sprouters.
DES IIIIES IICIIIIYCI 8'.
Second Si. no: lei-or. lo.

Latino” tyouortthe
as Rmser

“Hatching Fads"biggect poultry book published, In
colors, explains everything—tel 19 about
My World’s Champion Belle Cl

, Incubator — my low price

   
 

 
 

 

My 10-year Money-Back Guarantee. 110 nth'

. 1130 My $1000 In Gold
' chance tomato B Poul
me today forF
Bo lo City Incubator

01" Y
Prong.- wgi': mg?“ ~
puny. 301182“ mine. moo-loin

 

 

POULTRY.

Barred ROCKS Cookerels 1' sale.
Circular Free. Fred Astling. Constantine, Mich.

Cockerele. Co kc and Hens. Four
Barred R061! RulletsB layed 930 eggs in one year.

W. 0. Coflman, Benton Harbor, Michigan.

Barred Plymouth Rock 8%‘3‘3’3‘310 Sill

two for $5. 00 A Barnum. Union City. Michigan.

I E. B. IThom son' a
Barred flock cookflrels Iirlioglrial Rin lets fog sale,
price 82 and. 33. Write H. J. B inner, Me Iillan Mich

BIIFI" ORPINGTONS:

J. A. Cameron. R.l

‘PEDIGREE commas

The short cut to profit and heavy egg production
is the Michigan Poultry F mm way. Our S. C.

White Leghorn and Barred Ply mouth Rock cock;
erels. with pedigrees of 200 to 230 eggs in one year.

will start you on the right road. Vigorous.
healthy birds, February and March hatched. $2. 00
each while they last. Supply limited.

Michigan Poultry Farm, Lansing; Michigan.

Michigan’ 3 Largest Poultry arm'

Some“ tgood cockerels
2.50 eac
Brown t(Eloy. Michigan

Breeding Cockerels

White Buff, Leghorns. R. I. Reds. Prices reasonable.
Sunnybrook Poultry Farms. Hil lsdale, Michigan.
Great. Decem-

Buil Leghorns Cockcrels. 1.918.119.1111]:

price. Dr. WllI. am A. Smith, Petersburg, Mich

8.0 VV‘. Le horns direct. descen-
8"“an cookel‘lss dents of giant prize winners.

“'1 its your wants. White Line Poultry Farm, Hillsdule. Mich

CHICKS are booking orders now for sprin de-
9 livery, different varieties, free boo let.
Freeport Hatchery, Box 12, Freeport. Mlchlnfu

FERIIIS WHITE LEGHOIINS

Best winter layers. 5000 pullets.
hens and breeding males at low
prices. Trapuested to lay 200 eggs
or more. Shipped C. 0.D. and on.
Chicks and Eggs. Catalog explains

 

 

approval.
all. Send postal.

Geo. B. Fen-is, 934 Halon, Grand llaplds, Mien,~

 

 

R SALE 20pure bred S. C. White Leg-
F0 horn Cooker-e13. Price $1 each
Egbert Eiaing. Falmouth, Michigan, R. R. No. 1.

INE “’hite Rock lCoc kerels for sale. 9 lbs. 83 00, Bibs.
F $2. 75, less than8 bs. $2 .2). Nice cock $2. 00. V1 rite
Mrs. Elsie M Rolblnson. Petersburg. Mich.

GET YOUR ORDER IN EARLY NR

1 f om Cousins Northern King Strain Barred
gggigFeerte David W Cousins, North Port, Mich

HARRISON WRITE LEGRORNS

00 f 20 earlings or pullets. Cookerelso 75c to $1. 50
filceagh thbese fine birds 11 ill be higherso
HARRISON LEGHORN FARM. Slieloby. Mich.

OHN'S Big Beautiful Barred Rocks are all hen-
hatched. dcvelopedquiok. good layers. enchS'cl; pair 85; sold
on approval. Circulars. photos. John Northon, Clare, Mich

White Orpin

Pine Brcsl, 8. c.utth%8t1‘iteta
stock for sale Bu 1; 0 )es
HOUGH. Pine Crest. arm. Royal Oak. Michigan.

RHODE ISLAND REDS and PLYMOUTH ROCKS
Males 5 to 12 lbs. according to ngeS‘Zto 85: P. .R' hens
weight 5 to 10 lbs. eggs 15 for 81.1 .
Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys. 8 to 00381119. according.
to ago 8610 $25. 10 eggs S3. A. E. Cranium, Venn. Mich.

RED COCKERIILS. Boll] Combs. Sli’étii'l

will improve the color of your flock. Write for rice
list. Interlakes Farm, Box 39, Lawrence, Mich gan.

R. I. Red cookerelsfor sale
“on 00nd ““3" com" Fine stock, prices reason-
able. .E. Hnwley, Ludington, Mich

Single Comb Ilhodo Island ’62:}. “megs”...
JENNIE BUELL, Ann Arbor.

ns. Winners sin
air. 3Yi)u11%‘1,1111LLIold

tRich.
R. 3.1.1.1122:

 

SILVER Golden and White Wyandottea. Choice voun
9 cockerels. Reasonable quality consid deredg.
Ionic 11nd Lansing winners. 0. W. Browning. R. 2, Portlnnd, Mich.

Cooker-eh f n e stool: and A1
"ll". wvalldo".lav vm 32111:.3'28 0301!. Farm raised.
A. FRANKLIN SMITH. ”Ann Arbor. Michigan

"h' I Wyandotlea cocks and cockerels snow whiten-om
'0 ilngstock andAllayero fie och.
DAVID RA 2112 Form Ave. . "111611111111. Michigan.

Wll'l‘ll CHINA GANIIIIRS FOR SAI. II. 33

loo ow B O. men 11 m hem, 60 each.
11.“. won 1111'"st I-lmodo .Mich'

 

FOR SALE—WRITE M. [’3th BRAKES.
on“. “mum- . BREE. men.

Parks 200 egg strain. .
o

 

 

 

' ins-mu

- H patient. 1
‘_ Maxim-echoed. Bivozviow Fem. Yuan.

 

 

 

- " . “m SAiE“»"' 3.11m: Tomatohemuoo » ‘7
“flsflw a... ,

Robe“ P. Rayey and eon, Clio,
BREEDERS’ lllRllC'l'oRY.

Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us
Ten Days before date of publication.

We Offer a Few Special Bar-guns
In S. C. White Leghorn cockerels, Ram-'
bouillet rams, Hampshire pigs (either
sex) and Holstein bulls. A good chance
for a small 1n vestment to reap the bene-
fit of a large expenditure of capital and
years of expert breeding.

Flanders Farm, Orchard Lake, Mich.
CATTLE.

ABERDEE N-ANGUS

Bulls by BLACK UALITY ITO, sire Flrstpri

Breeders and Calf erds Mich. Stale Fair-1916. We
also won first on Exhib1tors Herd Jr. Champion Bull.
Jr. Champion Female and Grand Champion Cow. Al so
breeders of Percheron, Hal kney and huddle Horses.
WOODCOTE STOCK FARM, IONIA, MICH.

Aberdeen Angus Bulls For 3an

thead of fchoice kang bulls old enou for service.
All sonsof Blue onnrch 3rd. Gra 11d ham ion Bull
Michigan State Fair 1914,1915 and 1916. Black ionorch
8rd has been sold to V.\ E. Scripps, Wilduood Farms.
for the record price of the Bleed' In Michigan, 200.
U. L. Clark, Hunters Creek, Mich. Sidney Smith,

‘YnsmnEs—One of the foremost dair breed-.1110
most economicnlmilk to noon.

for cola. White Leghorn cookers on; too Janey
"vino. Michlnan School for the Deaf. FllDllt. Michigan.

Guernsey Bulls

FOR SALE
5 Choice Registered Guernsey‘flulh

(I) Halcyon Sequel—4 years old Nay one and
all his grandsires on his sire

 

Gov. Chene breeding
and dam side for the
Advance Record. a in Ist on Grand Champion atthe
WestM ichi an State Fa1r1916 and Northeastern State
Fair 1916. is dau hters lst and Grand Champion at.
the above Fairs III is daughters, lstSenior and
Junior Heifers at Michigan Sta Fa ir 1916 His get
1111: at. Northeastern State Falr191 I guarantee him
a? 11111-63300 breeder. Selling him as I do not inbreed.

rice

(2) Avondnle Rose King—11 months old. Gov. Chone
and Mashers Sequel b1eeding.A $ articularly fine and
well bred bull was first seniorm 1111 Golf at North-
eastern State Fair 1916. PriceSl

(3) Avondale Indepenxe—G months old. Bi red by
Halcyon Se (,uel dam imported. A0 fine marked richly
bred bull. ever shoun.Prir-Ile$1000.

(4) Bonny Boy of Avondole— 6 months old. Sired

lay of Five rdnle. Gr; ndeon of Beauty

Eagle. AA“ KRIS 144 lbs. milk. .31]be.crenm and the
daughters Dum— Queen of Han-lion.
sired by Dairymaid‘s Choice of Pinehurstz Full
brother to Dairy maid of Pinehurst. A. 1172851119
milk 910.67 lbs. fat. Price

(5) Din ry Boy of Avondule— 43 months old. Sired b
Bonn) llm , name she as No.4 Dam Queen llarie o
sFlat-“1iitonndaughter Queen of Burriton as No. 4. Pri rice

No culls, but. the choice
Wayne. Michigan.

Come and look them 01 t r.
froma clean herd.
Avondalo stock Farm,

ofc service age and cakes from

Guernsey Buns c.e Adv. reg. breeding.
T. V. HICKS, Rouctheol, Battlp (eeek. Mich

Registmed Guernsey Cattle.
For Sale And Berkshi;e swine t-hebelt
yet. John Ebels, Holland. R. 10, Michigan.

GUERNSEY ~FEGIBTEBED

BULL CALVES
Containin blood of world chum ions.
HICKS’ ounnpfsmr FARM. Saginaw. M1011

MILO D. CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANGEVINE

BEACH FARM
GUERNSEYS

Average yearly production 422 .3 lbs of fat, three
fourths of them making their records as two year
olds. By the use of a pure bred sire abig im-
provement can soon be attained if the right.
selection is made. The breeding of the Beach
Farm Herd is as good as can be found. and we
guarantee them to be free from contagious dis-
eases and to be satisfactory in every we or
{goney refunded. Write and let us tell you u out
em.

CAMPBELL 8 ANGEVINE,

Coldwater, Michigan.

 

At farmers prices. registered Guernsey
For sale: bulls old enough for serice. from Vanc-

ed registered cows. L.J. Byers. Colduater. Mich.

two gr. aonsofMay Bose
Reg. Guernsey llulls K n. 0. L... a w...
(the 84600 bull) one 12 mo. old dam May Bose breeding
one 6 mo. old, 1 there of son iceable age. Satisfaction
guaranteed. Alfred Anderson. Bolton, Michigan.
UERNSEYS: Bred heifers mature cows, bull calve-
From :1 Ion line of Adv. Be egvancestprs with large
record. G. .WI GENT. etervliet. Michigan.

Cluny Stock Farm

loo—Registered Holsteins~100
Bulls for sale, of ages from a few weeks to 14
months. from 30—11). sires and choice A. O.
dams. Have some special bargains for quick
sale. Come and see them or write for

and rices.
11.15111“: McPherson, Howell, Michigan

 

Do You Want A Bull?

Ready For Service.

(The ”In!

”$.35? Tn?3n§?o‘§fil‘izyakag° 3’1... 11:: m a'.
31min 111ml. 1131931 33'" living 111111. 'M"4‘I‘l
‘m - ' v

 
 

 

for

 

 

 

ack four generations are in the.

 

the g .
P513? . "I193! 33“.'§§ii' that is inorecthené bgf ',

    
  
     
   
    
 

   
       
   
   
 

     
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
  

  

 

 

sown; s. LEWIS, Men-11.11.,

 

 

 

 

 

  

"Cl IIOISIOII filofld‘geflloohvstfldwmx‘

 

in: at Former: 111-ice John

    
    


 
   
    

     
 

 

 

 

 

from hater of M

      

gullgm , ,
.fier Add sueii ‘ a353.1 ,
Urn

  

  
  
  
 

 

Dam’s Sireflre the two

Greatest Bulls in the World

H win more hightesting yearly record Daugh—
tegs thin any three other Bulls. and his Dam s
Sire has more thirty pound Daughters than any
their Bull. We also have a few Calves sired by

c e B Segis Ulrlca Hedge 108790

' . backed b ' tr -
tfitfii‘é‘i‘bigfian’iifiiie, and .1... Mir Shit“,
a Son of

The Filty- Thousand Dollar Bull

and from one of our best Cows, write us for par-
ticulars in regard to these Calves. and our

BERKSHlRES

that won more premiums at the Fairs this. season
than any other herd in the State. Our prices are
right. so is the stock. which Wlll be sold to good
responsible parties on six months credit.

SWIGARTDALE FARM,

Petersburg, Mich.

 

Purebred Registered
H O LST El N
CATTLE

The Virginia State College and Polytechnic
Institute has developed. from its_ Holstein herd,
seven of the hi host record cows in the state, in—
cluding DIOBB De Kol. holder of the state record
for 7-and 30~days' milk and fat reduction. They
also developed V. l‘. I. Vinoy eeman, holder of
the state record for senior two-year-olde. The
leading state colleges and public institutions, by
all tests. have found the Hoists-ins to be the best
and most profitable of all dairy breeds.

Seed for FREE Illustrated Descriptive Booklet;

 

the lloieteln-lrieslan Association oi America.
F. L. Houghton. Sec’y.. nix 164. lrefllcboro, Vi.

 

 

 

 

Extra Good Registered

Holstein Cows
FOR SALE

From $125.00 to $200.00. ,
Send for list or look them over.

Bigelow’s Holstein Farms,
BREEDSVILLE, - - MICHIGAN

“T0 P N OTC ll ” liolsieins

By careful retention, for many years, of largest .ro.
duoing females. and use of superior sires, a bree ing
herd of wonderful quailt has been established. We
are selling young bullso this“'10P NOTCH"quality.
of serviceable age. at moderate prices. Information

digrees. etc., on application. McPEERSON FARMS
&., Howell, Michigan.

30 ll) bull for sale, 2 years old, by a son of King of
- the Pontiacs. Dani sold for $1000 in Detroit sale.
Ferd. J. Lange. Sobewaing. web.

HOLSTEINS

Herd No.1. Five cows, one two year old bull'.

Herd No. 2. Five yearling heifers, one yearling bull.
Herd No. 3. Five Heifer calves and one b , .

Bulls ready for service and 6 to eight months old bulls
Prices will please you. If interested, write as soon as
you read this. L. E CONNELL, Fayette. Ohio.

.Holstein Frresran Cattle
A. R. O. herd tuberculin tested, headed
by grandson of King Segis Pontiac.
PEACELAND STOCK FARM, Three Rivers, Micli.

Chas. Peters, Herdsman. C. L Brody. Owner. Port Huron

oletein Calves, 10 heifers. and 2bulls lfi-lfiths pure
HS weeks old. beautifully marked.3a).00 each. cratod
for shipment anywhe-e. Edgewood Farm,Wh ltewater.Win

IX Registered Holstein Friosian Cows for sale one
with calf by side the others to freshen yet. One
these cow'sdaughters sold for 8150) in the Detroit sale
lastJune. Geo. A. Lisrogi. Goodrich. Mich. R. D. Grand Blanc.

f—Holstein Bulls—.—

1 mil months old. Dam’s A. B. 0. Our herd sire is
Johanna McKinley Segis 3d. 7 nearest Dams aver-
age 212%. BLISSVILDT FARMS, Jenison. Mich.

Three fine Registered Hol-
At A Bargain: .stein heifers. One 2 yr. old
in calf. one yearling, one six months. By 24 lb. butter
bull. out of excellent A. R. O. Cows. H. M. FERRY,
(Rouccmount Farms), 418 W, Cenfield Ave. Detroit

OAK LEAF FARM
Herd Sire _
:Ypsiland Sir Pietertie De Kol
I have several young bulls .for sale, good individuals
and the kind that is a credit to head anyherd atfarm-
or" prices. E..H. Gearbart 85 Son, Marcicllus, Mich. R.No. 4.

 

' ' Young bull ready for service.
legislated llolslmns. momma... gasses...
guaranteed. W. B. Jones and J. F. Lutz. Cohoctsh. Mich.

EG. HOLSTEINS: Herd headed b Albina Bonte
Butter Boy No. 93124. Dani's recor at 6 yrs. butter
28.53 lbs. milk 619.4. Yearly record at 2% yrs. butter
802 lbs. milk 186221hs.W. B. READER. Howell, Mich

ready for service from 20
Reg. HolSlcln BilllS lb. four yr. old dams. 875
each. Dewey C. Pierson. Hadley. Micwn,
- Holstein'Heifer calves 8 mo. old ni el
3 flawlemd marked. $125 each. 8800 for the ‘ic y
J. M. ILLIAMS. North Adams. Mich

OLSTEIN and Durocs. Aug. Duroos both sex. 810
H With plat are for rctsg. Maslf5 HolAsltleinbi mosi best
breedi ,w we are or e. . a ove at
then? u. Esiues, iliELSDALn, Micnicm
Lillie Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves from R

of M. Cows, also heifer calves and several bred
lyrlfere for sale. Colon C. Lillie. Coopereville. Mich

Jersey Bulls lor Sal: teaminfdseus‘m‘g
soml-ofioial test. C. @311: R. 6. Allegan. Mich

Maul. La"c B. of M. JERSEY HERD offers for sale.

h it cal tuberculial teased bufll bull calves and
e or was carrying 0 code

ducers of the breei. IBVIN FOX. 1:113:22"; all:

Heel: Hill Farm Bogislmd 13m] Callisto! his

0th sexes. The kind th t at the il.
J. R. Worthington. - R. No. '1.3 final . moi

. 9 The Wildwood Farm

dyke Hengerveld, whose ire and

   
   
 
     
   
  
  
    
     

are the most in

Write for our Booklets

Box ll. Peter-bore, N. H.

Use a Guernsey Ball
05.12an DAIRY PRODUCTS
ad in every market.

They are noted for HIGHEST NATURAL
COLOR. end PLEASING FLAVOR.

 

THE AMERICAN GUERNSEY CATTLE CLUB

 
  

   
  

  

 

  
 
   
  
   
  
 
   

 

 

 

Also some good farmer’s boars. This is the best

Duroc Jersey Boars

Special Oficring of High Class Fall Boar Pigs. Breedln
enough for breeders who appreciate t e beat.

and Individuality good

lot of fall pigs we have ever had to offer. A cor-

dial invitation is extended to visit the farm and inspect the stock. If you wish one of the best
young Jersey bulls in Michigan we have him for sale. For further particulars, address.

Breakwater Farm, Swine Dept, Ann Arbor, Mich.

 

8.826le. $80to$300
LONG BEACH FARM.

Dairymen !

—The Truth

You may be preiudiced against

the Jersey because you don't
know her. Look be: up. She's
the Money Cow.

Get This Book—a history of
the breed and full of very inter-
esting tests and facts. It proves
dairy type. econ-
of milk, long

conclusivdy the} lot pghre
only pr uchon, 1': aces
B°°k life and adaptability to feeds and climates

--sll these combined—she stands way

This

above them all. This book uAbout Jam
Cattle" is free. Get your copy now. You' l
find i! mighty good reading.

The American J ereendttle Club
346 West 23rd Street, New York City

 

 

JERSEYS FOR SALE 39%;”???

service from R. of M. ancestors. Meadowland Farm.
Waterman d: “'aternian, Packard Road,Anii Arbor, Mich.

. H ' _
Long Vem Farm llez. Jersey Callie pigtaifieflg
Fox. R. of M. record of dam 788 lbs. buttei‘in one
year. Moderate prices. C. S. Bassett. Kalamazoo. Mich.

m SALE llElilSIEBED mm nuns

Beadfifor service. Vl'rite your wants.
SMITHd: PA KER, R. D. No. 4, Howell. Michigan

 

 

 

' ' For-sale. seven mos. old bull
lllllSlll. Fall“ JETSG’S calf fine, large, individual
whosecombmed butter pro notion of four nearest
dams is 28781bs. butter. 0. & U. Deake.Ypsilanti. Mich.

 

Want a Holstein Bull?

We have the finest lot we have ever offered. 4 to 12 mo.
' . Will take your note for one year. 5%. Don’t buy until you get our pedigrees.
AUGUSTA. (Kalamazoo. Q0..) MICH.

World record Sire, A. R. O. Dams as high

Boers, serviceable age. best blood
Ber Shires lines. Registered. ELMHURST
..______’ STOCK FARM. Almont, Mich.

.ii

prices, 1-916. -

\ _

0. i. O. 6 WEST“, Willl‘li SWINE
Strictly big type. 25 gilts. bred for Mar. and Apr. far-
row. bred to Big Wonder 4th. and Prince J umbo. Both
boars are sired by Champion's. These its will be sold
at Farmer's prices. Three boars ready or service, also
tell pigs that will be sold cheap. Can furnish in pairs not akin.
Will ship 0. 0. D. Newman's Stock Farm, Mariette. Mich. E. l.

 

boars.

o l 0 Choice 5 ringgilts not bred and spri
I e l r 10'

Out of rise Winning stock. Write
prices. A. V. HATT. Grass Lake. Mich.

 

o I c Servioeabio boars. Yearling sows an
I t I gilts bred for Mar. farrow. Summer an
fall pigs. G. P. Andrews, Dansville. Michigan.

 

0 ' c Year old boar 2nd prize winner at Grand Rapids
- . . fair also spring gilts and boars ready for 391-.
vice. A. J. . R. 1.

FOR SAL

and boats. O. D. Bomervill.

Barker, Belmont. Mich.

Thoroughbred O. 1.0.
- Swine, sows bred. ilte
Grass Lake. Mich. . 2.

9 Service boars and gilts. Price reason-

00 '0 c s able. Satisfaction guaranteed. Ship

any day. A. R. GRAHAM. Flint. Michigan

0 ' c or Chester White Swine, both sexnnot
O 0 0 of kin. Write for ("dialog and prices.
E. B. MILETT, Fowlerville, Michigan.

0 l (:95 Have only a few boars of May.

- 0 a 0 June and Flep. farrow.

C. J. THOMPSON, ROC'IFORD, MIC".

o I C! 25 choice Gilts bred to Son of School—
I I - master to furrow in Man, also fall

pigs. Clover Leaf Stock Farm, Monroe, Mich., 1.

Big Tm Poland Chinas $333.1? “83%;“.533‘23‘3’3:
express. A. A. WOOD & SON. Saline. HicMKan.

LARGE Typo l’. C. largest in Mich. Boers all sold. HaveBO of
the best big stretchy bred gilts lever raised. Sliod by& bred to
the largest boars of the breed, from massive dams dc large lit-
ters. Come & see 6.: be convinced. Expenses paid if not as repre‘
sented. Free livery to visitors. W. E. Livingston. Perms, Mich.

 

 

 

' Mature sows. yearling and spring gilts
”siblings: bred forspring farrowing at 120 per pound.

Shipped on approval. B. B. Reavey. Akron. Mich.

DUROC JERSEYS

A choice lot of spring pigs, both sex. pairs and trios.
not akin. ices reasonable. Send for pedigrees.
THE JENNINO'S FARMS, R. F. DJ. Bailey, Mich.

Heavy Boned Duroc Jersey Boars

March and Apr. furrow. weighing 200 to 260 pounds
will be sold as cheap as any man can sell first class
steak. M. A. BRAY, Okemos, (Ingham Co.) Mich.

J.W. KEEN“. Elli. Mich. xiligéf‘fi‘i‘éé’ii‘epfgi’biiffé
Swine. D. ill. in T. local from Monroe or Toledo. Komioy Stop.

 

 

 

Two June 1915; 12 April 191?
“um Jer'.’ Boar: Write for descri tion. I guar:
anteoaatisl'action. JJi. Banghart, East ansing. Mich.

 

Duroo Jerseys, choice breeding spring pigs
F" ‘aluy ' either sex. Prices right.
John McNicoll. Station A, R. 4, Bay City, Mich

 

n Jerseys Big Ty e Boers with breeding and
“roe individuality t‘ at is hard to beat. bred from
prize winning stock. 8rices reasonable, satisfaction
guaranteed. F. J DR DT, RJ. Monroe. Michigan

 

UROC Jerseys. Spring boars from the most noted sires
of the breed. Jo Orion II. Perfect Top (301.. Oakland (lhio
Chief,l’rinoiple IV & Model Ps1. Newton Barnhart, St.Jolins,Micli.

 

BOARS are all sold. Duroce. a few A ril gilts, will be
bred for Apr. furrow, iweight abou 175. Price $25
whiletheylast. H. G. Keesler, Cassopolis, Michigan.

and Delaine Items of choice breed-
lllll'oc Roars ing at reasonable prices. '
Carey U. Edmonds, Hutlnge. Mich.

 

 

BIDWELL SHORTHORNS

For "Beef and Milk"
Registered b ul 1 s,
Scotch - to ped roans.
reds and w ite for sale.
Farm at N.Y.C. Depot;
also D. T. do I. R'y.

Address 6 .B.8chmler Mgr.

BIDWELI. STOCK FARE
Box B. Tecumseh, Mich.

 
  

 

A

 

 

Albion Stamp 332670

Shorihorn Cattle oi both Sex ior Sale

W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.

 

lllllll “Ell Ehfitlg’zfi‘éi’i 1’81th idrtiiiletfaiizéygu .
J.B. BUMMELL. MASON. MI HIGAN.

Sll fill AND POLLED DURHAMS FOR SALE.
ll orn Have red roan and white. Have over 100
head in herd.

C. Carlson. Leroy. Mich.
—Dairy or beef bred. Breeding stock all
Shorfllom: ages for sale at farmers prices. 0. ‘W. Crum-
Secy. Cent. Mich. Fhorthorn Breeders' Assn. McBride. Mich.

"1k. Shorthorns, roan 3 year old. Bates bred herd
l "I! bull s50. Youn bulls and heifers.
DAVIDSON & HALL. 'r .CUMSEH. MICHIGAN.

SHORTHORNS FOR SALE

8 Bulls. also females W. B. M (-Qu illnn. Howell. Mich
Y n l Us 8100. Bred cows-

Shwlhoms For Sale. allied}. .150 for u... m...

Write W. J. BELL. ROSE CITY. MICK CAN.

4 0R Solo ~Reg. Short Horn Pull: by Mastlton
Mona rch 2nd. a son of Avondale. from 11 to‘13 mos.
old. John Schmidt, Reed City. ll. No. 5.. Michigan

HEREFORDS

Both sexes and all ages for sale, our herd com-
prises about l00 head representing the blood of
such sires as Prime Lad 9th, Perfection Fair- I
fax. Bonnie Brae 3d and Dale. Write us your

wants.
ALLEN “08., PAW PAW. MlCll.
BOTH SEXES

5O Herefords ALL AGES
EARL C. MCCARTY. Bad AxeLMichifiln

$250 bu 's 2 heifiers 11 months old. sire King Henger-
ve d Palmira Fame. dams good milkere and l bull"
not akin 7 months old, dauifzood milker 4.8 1 fat. Color
of calves about half and he f and all papers. Best of
‘ng. Lewis J. Benjamin dz Son, Clio. Mich.

Cattle For Sale

Loads feeders and two loads yearling steers. Also
can show you any number 1. 2 and 3 years old from
600110 1200 lbs. sac Shenstuin. Fairfield. Iowa. “-8.

H005.

 

 

 

Bureau and Victories

Heavy bone. lengthy Spring Boers and Gilts from prize
winners sired by one of the Sons of the Great De-
fender & other noted strains. M. '1‘, STORY, Lowell. Mich.

The Very Finest Berkshire Pivs Cheap

0.8. BARTLETT Propr. P01147186. Michigan

 

 

 

. eras Cattle. Maj v Blood. We have Bulls tarsal.
{to i t cows of good type. Write your

wants. win Baldes. Cspac, Michigan.

flu

‘ Boers and its. May fat-rowed. llfsfi
e

MM wthy to] owe. Also a litter 'ust re

 

. Defender; Cherry King; King The Col;
”lilac Balls. Hoosier families. All ages. all weights;
Plenty of bone. Orlo. Dobson, Quincy, Mich.

. ' bred for March and A ril
Big Type Poland film W... July to... sit...
faction guariinteed. G. W. Holton. Kalamazoo. Mich.ll.ll.

Francisco Farm Poland Chinas
Big Types With Quality
TeanIb. Spring Boers from prize winnin stock.
They're long, strong,bi_g-boned. rugged to laws.

Pictures, circular and price list on request.
P. P. POPE. MOUNT PLEASA NT. MICE.

NOW IS THE TIME T0 BUY

Twenty-five tried Big-Type Poland-China brood
sows to be bred for March and April furrow.
Ten splendid Spring boars at $25.00 each for

quick sale. Worth $50.00.
Hillcrest Farm, Kalamazoo, Mich,

AT HALF PRICE

Genuine bi. typo Poland China Hogs, Bred Son.
Spring Pigs, Boers read for Service. Special. tho
best big t pe fall year ing boar in Michigan. Also
registered ercheron Stallions and Mares.

J. C. BUTLER. Portland. Mich.. Bell Phony

One extra 00d
La r9. strain PI c. fa“ yearlingg I
cracker Jacks by Oakland Equal Jr. and a fine bunch
sired by Big Defender the hog that everybody goes wild
over. sold {it farmers prices. ll. 0. Swnrtz. Schoolcraft, Mich.

 

 

 

 

1G TYPE l’olsiid Cliinas. Boers all sold except 4 extra good
liom-sof May furrow sired by Big Type King 91609 dz ’l‘osem-
mcyei' 8L Wonder Jr. 95339. To close them out in the next 10 days
we otlor them at half price. W. lire wbnker & Sons. Elsie. Mich.

. Spring Boers and Gilte bred for
For Big Type P. li- April Farrow. Write orcall on
Armstrong Bros" R. 3. Fowlervillc. Mich

 

 

ALNUT Alley Hard, Big type Poland Chimes headed
by Hadley Desmoins No. 21th:?) and Smothc Jumbo
Jr. No. 243687. Snws represent blood of twoA wonders.
Pigs of either sex ready. A. 1). Gregory, Ionia, Mioh_

 

A fine lot of spring boars
Duroc Boarshbred right and priced
right. W. C. TAYLOR. ilan, Michigan.
Jersey Spring boars with the best of breed-
“TOG

ing and individuality; also a few choice
spring gilts. E. D. Eeydenberk,Wayland. Mich.

or write for ph oto. weights. pedigree and

I , ' . , - ‘ , V
mg Bon‘d Poland China boars oh iped L. (l. D. call
an price. E. R. Leonard,

St. Louis. Michigan.
Large Sti‘ed Poland China spring andfallplge;

' . also ii. i‘.ltock cockerels st
specml lowpriccs to quick buyers. linlM-i-tNm-p, Pierson. Mich.

 

A nice bunch of gilts. bred or open.

Dillon Jerseys some-good serviceable boars. Alsofall
pigs. Wm. W. Kennedy, Grass Lake. Michigan.
Boar's, tried sows. spring gllts. Aug. pigs.

nurocss Percheron stud colts. Barred Bock cock-
erels. E. J. Aldrich. Tekonsha, Mich. R. 1, Bell Phone.

 

UROO Jerseys, fall pigs. either sex sired by Brook-
water Cherry King No. 47585. $20 each Reg. & Del. any-
wherein State. Choice stock. J. Robert Hicks. St. Johns. Mich.

 

 

l Big Type Boers:
: ready or service .Bred Gilts—Fall
I0. l. c S Pigs. Registered in buyers name.

shipped C. 0. D. Prices very reason.
able. J.Carl Jewett, Mason, Micli_

.am'xyxm . . .,.

 

 

. 20 gilts due to furrow
0- le c- SWINE! the last of March and
for part of April. Will be sold at knovk-down price.
Have also fall pi s.Write me your wants. Satisfaction
guaranteed. A. . GORDEN. it. No. 3. Dorr. Mich.

 

0 I C Serviceable lioars shipped C. 0. D.
o o . Registered in purchaser's name.
- — Dansvllle. Mich,

l. W. MANN. ‘

 

 
 

Raise Chester Whites
Like This

the original big producers

  
  
 

  
  
  

  

HAVE started thousands of breeders on the road to
success. I can help you. [want to lace one ho from
my great herd in every communiiw where am not alr y rep-
resented b these fine early developers—ready for market at six
months all!“ Write for my plan— ‘ More Money from Hogs."

o. s. BENJAMIN, R. p, D. 10. Portland. Michigan

EHESTER WHHES Some flgfln‘iiflolr‘fiicg‘ig’m for
F. W. ALEXAND R. Vassar, Mich.

     
        
     

 

 

u I c and Chester White Swine. all ages. A few

' - - service Boers and 0W“ mlts. 400 fall pigs
either sex. sired by Crandells onder, Grand Champ-
ion at Ohio State Fair, Schoolmasterthe champion of
champions and highest price boar of the breed and
others. Get a sow Bred to Gallaway Edd Grand Cham-
pion Mo. State fair. we are bookin orders.We had the
undefeated breeders age herd at 2 state fairs. Get
our catalogue. buy the best it pave, w e have them. We ship on
approval. Rolling Vieu Stock Farm. Cass City, Mich. R. 2

O. l. C. Stock all Sold
JULIAN P. CLAXTON. Serum Creek. Mich.
4 last fall boars big growthy

0. lo 0,50 ones. also last scrim! pins

 

 

 

towaa’.'A. A. ATTULLO. 11.4. Decker-vi lo, Micky.

either so not akin. Farm is mile West of depot.
Otto about”. - - Nashville, Inching.

' Big and medium t 0
Poland ch'nas. from growthy stggk
and large litters. They have good bone andlength.well
quartered. L. W. Barnes and Son,

 

BIG Type Poland Chinas. The smooth. easy feeding
kind that will grow big and get fat. Apr. pigs weigh-

ing nip/to 225 lbs. E. B. Moore, Ransom, Michigan.

 

t pe P. C.Sows and gilts all rot. in (1 f0
[alga lil'eb. Sale. A few choice Spring b‘oags ready/mt:
ship. W. J. HAGELSHAW. Augusta. Michigan.

BlG Type Poland Chinas. Cho ire April boars,fnllpigl
in pairs.Clisuce to get started for alitilv incur-viii): Minort‘a
Cookercls. Satisfaction guarantee-d. R. W. MillS. Saline, Mich.

 

 

OLAND Chiiius. special. 8blgi~illl00th blocky boars
priced to move at once, also tvgo Aug. boars from a.
$108 sow. Robert Martin, R. 'l, l‘lzleiillgs. Mich.

 

Bi 'l' e P. 0. Hours. llig boned husky fellows.
g YD I Smcial extra good yearling herd boar Iowa
bred. E. J. uthewson, Burr Oak. Mich.

' either sex. all ages. So -
For sale Po'and Chums thing good atalon' ”lag.
P. D. Long, R. F. D. No. 8, Grard Rapids. Mich.

 

 

10 Yorkshire Gilts,2 Boats one mature;
Red Polled cattle. E. S. CARR. Homer. Michigan.

 

' ' Bred Sows and gins for August and
Hampshlre SWIHB. September furrow a. Spring pigs,
sex both. FLOYD M YICRS. R. No. 9, Decatur. Ind.

: B . . '
HAMPstEs emissions“?

igs.
A. E. BACON & SON, Sheridan, Michigan.

 

 

 

cnoerv THE alone:
Pnouric “ MULEFOOT" noncr-
PROFITABLE H 0G INC

FOUNDATION STOCK mom Blur BLOOD or unlit!)

THE CAHILL FARMS
Kaumazoo - . . .. MICHIGAN

 

 

HAMPSHIRE noes reissues:more;

John W. Snyder, 1i. 4, St. Johns. Mich.
Halladays’ Hampshire Swine

Both sexes, all ages. Prices reasonable.
0. H. Halladay & Son, Clinton. Mich.

SHEEP
Kope Kon Farms

Offers. One yearling Hampshire ram at 650.00.
One yearling Southdown rain at $25.00. A few
growthy well bred Oxford and Shropshire ram
lambs at $25.00. Kinderhook. Michigan.

 

 

 

 

 

Breeders’ Directory—Continued college 623

   

 

Byron, Mich. .

 

  
   
    
   
     
   
    
  
   
  
  
  
  
 
 

 
  

   
   
    
        
  
 
   
  
    
  
    
 
     
      
  
  
  
   
  
 
 
   
   
    
     
   
  
   
   
 
   
    
   
    
   
      
  
   
  
  
    
  
 
 
    
     
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
   
   
      
 
       
         
     
        

 


J ‘..

ANNUA’E‘MEETING--0i=_‘raru,+4'-. . —
I ' ‘ surplus in thetrea . , gr _ , . , . . .
money was expended last year than in 4 £0] , . 1

   

GROWER-S.

(Continued from page 610).

lackgin good business essentials.

A. J. Rogers, Jr., of Beulah, spoke
on the solution of some difficulties in
marketing. Mr. Rogers has a very high
class trade in apples and his unusual
methods of marketing were very in-
teresting.

The program was closed by talks on
“Injurious Insects, Old and New,” by
Prof. J. H. Pettit, and “Recent Devel-
opments in Spraying,” by J. H. Car-
mody. The fruit growers wcrc espe-
cially interested in the control of the
aphis and psylla, which have been do-
ing considerable damage in the or-
chards in the past two years.

 
 
  
    

 
 
 
  

  
  
 

Resolutions Presented by Committee
on New Legislation.

Whereas, the good effects of the
Jakway Fruit Packing Law (Act 207,
P. A. 1913), are largely lost because no
officer, commission, or department is
charged with the duty of seeing that it
is enforced, and,

Whereas, that which is everybody’s
business is nobody’s business, be it,

Resolved, that it be the sense of the
Michigan State Horticultural Society,
in annual meeting in the city of Grand
Rapids on this sixth day of December,
1916, that the coming legislature be
asked to amend the law by the addi-
tion of a seventh section, the same to
read as follows:

“Section 7. It shall be the duty of
the State Dairy and Food Commission-
er, his deputies and assistants, to en-
force the provisions of this act.”

For .an Efficient Packing and Market-
. ing Law.

\Vhereas, the Office of Markets and
Rural Organization, United States De—
partment of Agriculture, has been in-
vestigating the practices of grading,
packing and marketing of fruits and
other farm products in all parts of the
United States, and,

Whereas, the Oflice has a subdivision
with a project leader, which is devot-
ing its entire time to this work, and,

Whereas, an effort is being made to
secure legislation in the several states
that. will be fairly uniform, be it,

Resolved, that it. be the sense of the
Michigan State Horticultural Society
in annual session at Grand Rapids on
this sixth day of December, 1916, that
the Federal Office of Markets, and the
Michigan Director of Markets be asked
to co-operate with the legislative com-
mittee of this society in an effort to
secure from the 1917 Michigan legisla-
ture, legislation that will best serve
the horticultural interests of this state,
be it, further,

Resolved, that it is the sense of this
body that an effort should be made to
obtain an Apple Standardization Act
which shall be the equal of the New
York State Apple law, be it further,

Resolved, that the present effort in
- behalf of the certification of Michigan
fruits that reach an approved stan-
’ (lard, be commended and encouraged
and that this society favor such legis-
lation as may be needed to make the
certification plan more practical and
effective, and be it further,

Resolved, that all organized agricul-
ture in Michigan be asked to help
bring about the desired ends.

On Advertising Michigan Fruit.

\Vhereas, the day is drawing near
when the merits of Michigan fruits
should be called to the attention of the
consumers of the land, with the spe-
cific idea of increasing consumption,
and,

Whereas, the importance of'adver—
tising our orchard products has been
called to our attention in an able paper
by Mr. Leon J. Baker, be it

Resolved, by .the Michigan State
Horticultural Society in annual session
at Grand Rapids on this Sixth day of
December, 1916, that it be the sense of
this meeting that a committee of three
on advertising be appointed, and that
this committee be directed to co-op-
; erate with the Michigan Director of
2‘ Markets with the end in view of work-
' ing out an advertising campaign that
I will be practical, effective, and that
will finance itself.

 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  

  
   
  
 
    
     
  
  
  

  
 
 

  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
   
 

 

BREEDERS’ MEETINGS AT THE IN-
; TERNATIONAL.

(Continued from page 609).
elected as follows: President, Robert
'S. Blostock, Donerail, Ky.; vice-presi-
dents and directors, Wm. F. Renk, Sun
Prairie, Wis; H. W. McLaughlin, Ra-
phine, Va.; Dr. Sargent, Snow, Syra-
cuse, N. Y., and Frank Hoganbarth,
Salt Lake City Utah; secretary, Com-
fort A. Tyler,, Detroit, Mich.

This association has had a big in-

     

 

creases members i a.
ir; alt
any previous year.

American Shropshire, Registry Asso-
ciation.

   

tion was held at the Record Building
with a good attendance of members.
Officers were elected as follows: Pres-
ident, Arthur Broughton, Albany, Wis.;
vice-president, Mr. Bishop, San Ramon,
Cal.; directors, Prof. W. C. Coffey, Uni-
versity of Illinois; J. C. Andrew, West
Point, Ind., and J. C. Duncan. The
question of dog legislation in which
this organization has interested itself
was brought up but no definite recog-

‘ommendations were made.

American Shorthorn Breeders’ Asso-

ciation.

At the annual meeting of this asso-
ciation all the old directors were con-
tinued in office except J. F. Prather, or
Illinois, who refused re-election after
many years of loyal service. J. L. Kil-
gour, of Illinois, was elected in his
place. W. S. Pratt. of Vermont, suc-
ceeds Mr. Prather on the executive
committee. The routine business of
the association will be transacted by
the board of directors at a meeting to
be held Januarv 10.

American Berkshire Association.

At the meeting of this organization
W. S. Corsta, Whitehall, Ill., and C. H.
Carter, Westchester, Pa., were elected
new directors. At a directors’ meeting
held after the general meeting, the old
officers were re-elected as follows: C.
F. Curtiss, Ames, 1a., president; N. H.
Gentry, Sedalia, Mo., vice-president;
Frank Springer, Springfield, 111., sec-
retary.

INTERNATIONAL CATTLE SALES.

 

Herefords.

At the Hereford breed sale held dur-
ing the International, the average price
received for the offerings sold was
$1,457. The high price of the sale was
$15,100 paid for the bull Woodford
Sixth, which is a record price for the
beef breeds. The offering was of out-
standing quality, many individuals go-
ing above $2,000.

Shorthorns.

The Shorthorn sale was so largely
attended that the jam interfered with
the bidding. The average price was
cut down by the fact that there was a
large percentage of young stuff in the
sale. The offerings averaged $960, the

top price of the sale being $6,650, paid‘

for Maxwalton Pride 2nd, 410278. Roy-
al Silver 387283 brought $4,000. A
large proportion of the offerings went
to southern buyers.
Angus.

Accommodations were inadequate
for the International Angus sale. The
grand average for the offering was
$681 for the 53 head sold. The top
price was $4,500 paid for the prize-
winning bull Epistos. This is a record
average for International Angus sales.

 

LIVE STOCK NEWS.

 

The hog markets of the country,
with Chicago leading off, are in a con-
dition that promises great things for
the winter season, and cheap hogs look
a long way off. It is true there has
been quite a decline in prices since the
highest. time last summer, when prime
barrows were selling around $11.60 per
100 lbs., but prices are still extraordi-
narily high and tower away above for-
mer years. A year ago hogs were sell-
ing in the Chicago market for $5.60@
6.75 per 100 lbs., and ten years ago
sales were made at a range of $4.60@
5.05. Within a short time the best
heavy barrows such as eastern ship.
pers are in the habit of buying in the
Chicago stock yards have sold around
$10@1020 per 100 lbs., with choice
hogs carrying plenty of weight bring-
ing a substantial premium because of
their growing scarcity. Owing to the
great advance in corn prices, stock
feeders are losing as little time as pos-
sible in marketing their swine, and
this accounts for the unusual predomi-
nance in the market of light weight
hogs among the daily receipts. This
course may be all right for stockmen
who are out of feed, but it does not
appear to be right for farmers who are
well provided with corn, even if that
cereal is selling unusually high. With-
in’ a short time the hogs reaching the
Chicago market have averaged in
weight only 195 lbs.. which is the light-

est seen since last January. The aver-,

age weight for the previous week was
197 lbs., the average a month earlier
standing at 211 lbs., two months ear-
lier at 226 lbs., one year ago 186 lbs.
and two years ago 220 lbs. Fresh and
cured hog products have followed the
same course as hogs, with an unprece-
dented foreign and domestic consump-
tion and materially lowered stocks of
provisions in western warehouses.

The annual meeting of this associa-'

 

w

lliro‘cl mm i= coir

I mean every word of it! You can own the b
and save from 825 to 850 over prices usually

   

are not; as d—not. as down to date

way. T
the Galloway-

WORTH $50 MORE THAN
ANY OTHER SPREADER

Remember this spreader is low doom—only 42 in. 238‘!
to center of box. Easy to loud. Lightest (ii-alt spre er
of its capacity built. Two horses handle Galloway
opreadera anywhere. The Galloway wide-ooroodinn.
V-rnko. worth $15 oxlro on any spreader—costs you
homing extra on the Bailout! ny. The invlnolhio
oioilhlo. noioniod rollor-iood—an oxoluoivo Galloway
feature—the secret of its "I’M dull. alone worth 8
um on any spreader—axe naive again on the Gallo-
way—costs you nothing oxiro. Patented outomoiio
oioo,uniiorm oioon «“41th board—worth SI 0 oxtro
on any spre r—exclusive on the Galloway—coats on
nothing extra. These are only afew of the special ea-
tures on Will find on the Gal 0 way which are protected
' iowny patents. Don’t buy a. spreader of any make
or land until on have tried a genuine Galloway 1917
Model No. 8, o, 5. or No. 1A at our risk without obli-
gating yourself in any way. Give my spreader

30 DAYS' AGTU AL FIELD TRIAL
and return to me within one year if not perfectly Batis-
factor . Remember we manufacture in our own factor-
ies an sell direct from factory to farm. Remember that
no spender is as good as the Galloway that does not
have these modern improvements, and remember again
that other Spreaders can’t have them because they are
patented Galloway features and can be found on no
other spreader.

6 EASY SELLING PLANS

Puforthioo render-on town . Buyitnowmuitnll'
winner and o Dring, {guilt next all when It. suits you. Com-

   
   
 
   
        

lou pmcu 0 than six ouy selling ions In my new tree
k w 0 hello all oboui: Galloway o no en, engineo. separ-
aco m ‘imiic in my own chain of

, e n m implements
factor-loo right here in Water 00.

"El'mTIIIS' FREE 30th

TELLS‘ALL ABOUT MANURE SPREADERS

' - It tells you how to oublo our
gigglySuBWk ' corn crop-Increase our V out

  

     
    
       
       
     
    
     
    
  

I ' crop, ondby thejud lououso o!
the manure crop on your uni
grow three buaholo of smoll

Oni

~,. _
‘ylo ll:
e

300 in edgn, as

in draft.mnde of as fine materials nor covered by the eleven

GailowaK spreader patents found exclusively on the Gallo-
ese features and many others make —

I
Ioio'l‘hoo’o
1 0| 1. .
Improvomonio.
Look oi: the above pic. '

A"
steel V-ohopo rake which
lDl‘Oldl mm
over the heater for wide
I

throw: all more over

over beater too
all stool banter box- with Iocknutn

tool: from both rel:
momber--a Do

peratoo in food

mov

feed direct back to 6 enter
“8 (ho

foed‘whool a.

drive Iprooketl on both root
whoelo. ‘

oz in. High niconior oiBon
All our wheel. undoi- the loud.
com ct, lie; clown, mloddorn \
r ei- w on on oo on
.tgo market today. ,9

      
     
      
       
      
      
    
     
     
    
    
    

 
  
 
 
     
      
     

re ,
Show: the new all

.........

 
 
    
  

um evenly
l

 
 
 
 
 

o x.
C--Showo word which

    
    
  
    
      
       
    
 
    
  
    
        
   

  
   

 
  

Fushowo chnln drive, polio ill—
wheolo. Ro-
unnn chain drive.
G--Showo where food lover 0 ~
sprocket whic

  

on the endless apron force

  
  

H--Showo ouhow atro

 
 

l--S own arrow: pointing to

   

 
  

"Kathyfixti’TW’T

  
  
   

WM. GALLOWAY.

       
   
     
        
     
   
   
   
   
    
      
       
     

  
    
   
   

THE WM. GALLOWAY 00..
Waterloo, Iowa.

    

I om weil_ satisfied in every way with spreader,
and also With treatmentl accorded me by é’our
Company, and must say I saved at least: $40. by
buying rom you with interest figured in on the

money. Yours very trul ,
' . . atson, Randolph, Nebraska.
Mode and Shipped DIrooi From Our Ore-i Photon-loo
in Woiorloo,

VIM. IALLOWAY. PIIES..
BOX -. s

 

   
 
  
  
 

 

   

I so . .

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III“

vm. amount

More preoder Monufactunnc
Specioliau

, ' DE
‘ in
bi j...—

. , , .
‘ New; Mildly},
LP V”

  
 
  
  

WK. GALLOWAY 00..
Wnborloo, lows.
Gentl en:-- .
I won bothonk you for your

  

b uyinrmf u 18;!) t
re 0 .
own pocket which is $0 nearlgaty lIlome lepcan egg .
a. 1: ol machine was cool 9,
until perfect-o aloe mwith“. tag"? that weicho 1.800 IE5.
. \1 our:
tin. Wmm. Ageing. rt. 1, Pound, Wis.

00., WATERLOO, ion
3,. NOT DEALERS or
A JOBBERS

  
   
  
      
  
  
  
  

  

 

  
  

  

In

 

Ditching a nd
Terracing
Made Easy—$35 to $50 buys

this wonderful
W

    

Ditcher
Terracer

Will prevent crop failures. Cuts V-shaped
ditch," cleans old ditches,
dirt mover.

remarkable
Does work of 50 to .100 men. All-
, steel. Reversible—throws

dirt either side. Adjust-
able for narrow or wide cut.
10 Days Free Trial. Write

tor FREE Book

Newborn Ditch: M Grader 00.. In.
Box 120 Ovation. ily.

Cuts 1200 Yards 2~Foot Ditch
in One Day Goes Down 4 Feet

 
  
  

     
 
  

  

 

     

  
        
    
    
  
   

' Lt Pt II I‘d'O m i ”DESI-HIGH, BULL.
+_ {/10 I-.~.t it‘F’X I STRONQ, PIG-TIGHT
' node at Open Earth wire,
heavily lvonilod—o strong,
durable, ans-lasting, mot-ro-
stating tones, 801d direct to the
Former at wire mill prices.
Hero’s stow at our bigvoluoi :

aO-Inoh Ho. l' _ .
47-inch Form l'onoo- 81 oio. I rod-
. , . oh Poultry l'onoo - 11 oi“,- rod.
0.... o: namesa- .mm-ist.
and begins otofiu-m, Po and Fonoo oi

, wn
money-com mica. Write it io-doy. li’otno.

Kinsman BROS. Box 210 swoon-iii.

  

  
 
 
  
 

   
   

 
    

SPULL OUT THE

STUMPS!

HERCULES-

land 100%. Makes room for
money crops. Guaranteed
for 3 years against break-
age from any cause. Send
name for fine free
. .— hook,80 days tree
' trial offer and
. opeolol low-price
' proposition.
HERCULES MPG. ‘10.
037 th Street

Cotton-ville,“ 1 0.5.1.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

l I r [ i I, ’ ,
W E
Wonderful M0 Bovine }
FonooBook.0ver 508:, ion.
G Barb

awe-Stool Posto- ire.

IREO'I' FROM FACTORY-FREIGHT PAID
All hoovy DOUBLE GALVANIZED WIRES. 13.
pot rod up. Oct fro. Book and Sample to mt.

THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE 60.,

Dope. 49 . - , Cleveland, Ohio

:n "R"

 

    

High or low wheels—-
Itoel or wood—«rm

Nam

 

, ".iaaaiifiis:

Winn Writinl to advertisers please, mention The Michigan ' m5,

wneons '

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