(flaw... .





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voi. CXvati. No. 2‘

Whole; Number 3923





‘





 





,URING the lastwdecade the wood-

lot situation in Michigan has

- , been brought forcibly to the at-

tention of agriculturists because of in-

creasing timber scarcity and the ex-

tension of cleared land areas for agri-

cultural use. The management of

woodlots has been treated as a side is-

sue of farming until the woodlot situ-

at ion has come to be very depressing.

Very little has been accomplished in

acquainting farmers with scientific

methods of producing, harvesting and

marketing wOod products, while prot-

gress along strictly agricultural lines

has made rapid strides. It is, never—

theless, maintained that timber produc-

tion for various aesthetic and econom-

ic reasons should go hand in hand

with the production of other crops,

form an integral part of the general

practice of agriculture, and receive its

due attention.





The general attitude of individuals-v





has not changed materially since tim—

ber ceased to be abundant. Present

stands are removed and the areas

’which produced them are mismanaged.

so that no provision is made for a fu-





ture crop. Under natural conditions

in forests, trees usually reproduce

abundantly. The scattered remnants





of the original stands now remaining

are more seriously affected by natural

elements and the ravages of insects,

live stock and human beings than

large continuous tracts.





The volume of Michigan woodlots is

decreasing at the rate of over one per

cent per year. In the great majority

of cases the removal’of the present

stands will prove to be the end of the

woodlots as no provision is being

made for future crops. Pastured wood-

lots contain trees only of the older age

classes and have extreme scarcity of

seedlings upon which future stands are

absolutely dependent. Contrastcd to

this condition is that of the well cared

for timber tract where there are nu-

merous trees of every age. When ma-

ture trees are removed the next young-

er class develops rapidly to form the

next crop, and material which will de‘

velop a succession of future crops is

present in the young growth.



The woodlots of Michigan comprise





he Woodlot, Its Place In Farm





C By W. 1.





3,000,000 acres and in 1910 brought a

total revenue of $7,900,000. The mate-

rial sold from individual woodlots (not

including maple sugar and syrup pro-

ducts) had average value of $50. with

material of about equal value used for

home consumption in each case. The

total income from woodlots is about

one-twentieth that of all Michigan

crops. The meaning of these figures

should not be misconstrued or taken to

mean that Michigan woodlots are cap-





..The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JANUARY 13, 1917





GILSON





management are adopted. Deducting

from the statistics of total income and

total acreage. the net returns from

woodlots at present are. less than three

dollars per acre. They show that the

income per acre is low compared to

that of other crops. The question once

arises as to whether a farmer is war—

ranth in maintaining an area in lim-

ber or if it would pay better to harvest

it and to plant some other trop. The

answer depends upon a number of fac-





 





Pasturing Destroys 'the Young Seedlings, which Should ‘be Present to Make

up the Timber Crop of the Future.





able of producing $100 worth of mate-

rial each year indefinitely. The amount

harvested during 1910 represents not

only the amount produced during the

previous growing season, but the vol-

ume that accumulated during several

seasons, indicating that more was cut

in 1910 and is out each year from

woodlots than is produced in one grow-

ing season. One hundred dollars worth

of wood material represents a greater

value of products than can be taken

each year indefinitely from the aver-

age “OOleL unless better methods ot‘





 





 





if planted, will





Hold the Soil in Place on steep Hillsides.





tors, such as the value of the land, the

proportion of the farm at present in

timber, facilities for marketing, age of

the timber, etc. It, can be definitely

stated that timber crops on land of

high value for farming cannot at the

present time produce crops yielding

money returns which compare favor-

ably with those from most, agricultural





crops.

in very many cases a mistake has

been made 3.1 selecting the area lel't





'zintleared and l ) be used as a woodlot.

The limited earning capacity of timber





 

   

   





 





50 CENTS A YEAR

82 FOR 5 YEARS





Management





tracts under present conditions, indi-

cates that they should occupy the poor—

est acres for ordinary crop production.

These may be poor because of low fer-

tility, lack of drainage, roughness or

any combination of these conditions.

It is an advantage to have timber





tracts located relatiu~ to farm build-

ings so they break the force of the

winter north and west winds. They





are of \aluc also in keeping the snow

on wheat crops immediately to the lee-

ward, and in preventing rapid evapora—

tion in summer. The primary object,

in location is to seek the poorest; soils

to produce the timber crop. Forests

have greater power to utilize poor soils

than do other farm crops. There are.

very few farms without some areas

that. cannot; be. farmed profitably and

have a low value for pasturage. These

poor areas represent the ones upon

which trees should be: grown.

Logical Reasons for Maintaining Farm

Woodlots.

There are many and varied reasons





for preserving farm timber tracts.

some of which are purely economic





and others which ttl't' of an aesthetic

nature.



1. Foremost, among these is the con—

venienre ol‘ such timber for farm use.

The woodlot furnishes material for

fuel, farm buildings. and all the vari—

ous kinds of repair work where wood

is suitable.



2. Next in inlpnrlniice is probably

the lat-l, that harvesting wood products

{its in so admirably with the. other

farm work. It is intzally carried on

during the winter nmnths when other

work is not, pressing. and it can be.

done at any season of the year.



3. Logs or any form of wood need

not be harvested in any definite sea»

son. ll' lcit, standing longer, the trees

usually increase I‘Hlliri‘ than decrease

in value. Many lime fallen back on

the tree crop to pay the taxes and

keep up the expenses of farming dur—

ing the lean years. The timber crop

is a valuable rcsourw in this respect.

The timber represents the reserve cap-

ital and the annual growth, the inter-

est on the inyestnwm



l. Trees have a renovating



(Continued on page 2%).





effect





.I'u

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the Pole Stage.
’ The MichiganFarmer





Established 1843.





The Lawrentm Publishing Co.-





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igan, post. omce.





TDETROIT, JAN—GARYix 1917





CURRENT COMMENT.





 





At a titne when the

commercial poise of the

world is at such deli-

cate balance that the

more official mention of the possibili-

ties of bringing peace to Europe sends

the price of grain and stocks toboggan-

ithg, there is more than the ordinary

amount of speculation with regard to

the business outlook for the future.

There are many prophets as to what

will occur after the war, and many

opinions as to how foreign and domes-

tic policies may be shaped and what

effect they will have upon the contin-

ued prosperity of the United States.



,leneral business conditions are of

just as much interest to the farmer as

to the man engaged in any other line

of business, and an analysis of the sit-

uation is just as profitable for the

farmer as for any other business man.

Many readers will say at. first thought

that the farm/tr is in no position to

analyze the business situation becuhse

of his isolated location. This is, how-

ever, a most erroneous idea. General

business conditions are, largely reflect-

ed by local conditions the country over.

When there is a stringency in the

money market the local banker will

promptly conserve his reserve. funds

and hold would-be. borrowers to the

minimum of their necessary require-

ments. The local merchant will like-

wise exhibit more activity in the mak-

ing of collections and will be less in-

clined to extend unlimited credit, while

the desire to convert goods of all kinds

into money to relieve the stringency

will create a noticeable downward

trend of prices all along the line.



That there is nothing of this in the

present situation will be conceded by

every thoughtful reader. The drops in

a nervous market are quickly recov-

ered, the pendulum swinging each time

further in the direction of higher pric-

es than it has done before. Zankers

have a large surplus of funds and mon-

ey is easy; merchants instead of try—

ing vainly to convert shelf-worn stocks

into currency are just as anxiously try-

ing tobuy for present needs. Every

farmer has had occasion to ‘observe in

undertaking to purchase goods at local

stores, that stocks of goods of all kinds

are greatly depleted, and that mer-_

chants everywhere protest the impos-

sibility of filling their lines with fresh

stock. This condition is general in

almost 9‘79”}; department of merchan-

dising, and. insures a continued move-

ment of goods of all kinds for domestic

use as rapitly as manufacturers can

produce them to supply the needs of

domestic merchants.



‘In‘ this connection the shortage of

materials in many lines—notably iron,

steel and chemicals—is likely to limit"

the. volume ofxproduction-in a manner





The Business

Outlook. '





, which will resultin higher pipes and





 





short supplies of many articles of man"A

ufacturerequired in considerable quan-

tity by farmers. , For this reason it Will

be. .wise for farmers to anticipate their

future 'needs and do their spring shop-

ping early, since only by placing early

orders for needed goods can be pros-

pective purchaser be certain of secur-

ing delivery of the goods when needed.



So far as a continued demand for ag-

ricultural products is concerned 'it

seems well assured. Regardless of

whether peace may be declared in Eu-

ropebefore another harvest, America

will 'be drawn upon heavily by Euro-

pean countries for food stuffs. Indeed,

that demand may be greater following

peace than it is in war, due to the res-

toration of better shipping facilities

which would follow the cessation of

hostilities. Thus viewed from any angle

the outlook for the American farmer is

exceptional for the ensuing year,

hence the desirability of planning upon

the maximum of production at. a mini-

mum of cost upon each and every

farm.



General business, particularly in

many manufacturing lines, has already

reaped a rich harvest. from the advanc—

ed price coupled with an unprecedent-

ed- demand for their products. All signs

point to a similar harvest for the farm-

ers of the country during the coming

year, if they “make hay while the sun

shines."





Now that the

fight is over and

the milk produc-

ers contributing

to the Detroit milk supply have won

a Substantial victory in the making of

the 1917 price for their commodity, a

little calm reflection on the part of

every contributing milk producer re-

lating tothe influences which contrib-

uted to the winning of the fight will be

profitable.



In securing an advance over last

year’s price of 42.8 cents per cwt., the

aggregate of which will run well into

seven figures in representing the in-

creased revenue to the milk producers

contributing to this market, and in es-

tablishing a price. which to date stands

as a record for metropolitan markets,

and all accomplished without an ex-

pensive strike which would be weak-

ening to the organization, the milk pro-

ducers have won a victory of no mean

proportions. The result. should be a

great strengthening of the milk produc—

crs‘ organization, not alone at every

point contributing to the Detroit milk

supply, but as well in every Michigan

community where milk production has

assumed commercial proportions.



The organization is in a much better

position to strengthen its various local

units thanwould be the Case had-a vic-

tory been won through the medium of

a. milk strike. Such a strike not only

means an antagonistic public opinion





.The Milk Producers’

Opportunity.





in consuming centers, but means to

some extent the arraying of class

against, class and even neighbor





against, neighbor in many cases where

individual producers are forced to suf-

fer a financial loss through the organ-

ized action of their fellow men. In-

stead of facing such a condition, the

loyal members of the milk producers’

organization can easily show the pro-

ducer who is not already identified

with the organization the beneficial ef-

fects of its work, and it will be com-

paratively easy to perfect an organiza-

tion which shall not alone conserve the

producers’ interests in the making of

future milk contracts, but which may

also accomplish valuable educational

results which will be reflected in a bet-

ter product in future years, and a high-





-er appreciation on the part of consum-





ers of the food value of a high-class

market milk.

The producers who have been inter-





ested in this fight should appreciate,





the value to them of an efficient state

organization of milk producers. Per-

haps one' of the most potent influences

in the winning of the. recent victory

was the. solid backing of a. state milk

producers’ organization which has

available a guaranty fund of more than





 





 





W“ '_





paign in which they may engage for

the benefit of producers. Another po-

tent influence was the fact that in ev~





$10,000, Subject to-the'call and‘~uSe'-or

its officers in the conduct. of any cam:





sitions commanding the lamination





Danube. Last Week the Germans 'cap—

tured. the important Roumanian city

Bralla and ”won heights that may ulti-

mately give them Fossani. On the





cry contest which has arisen since the .ot-her hand, they were thrown bank at.





organization of the Michigan Milk Pro-

ducers’ Association last spring the pro-

ducers have Won out by securing an

advanced price which would cover the

cost of production and afford the pro-

ducers a profit instead of entailing a

loss which would eventually force them

out of business. »





These facts are worthy of the atten-

tion of every milk producer in the

state. They point forcibly to the fu-

ture opportunity of milk producers to

conserve their interest by promoting a

still more perfect and comprehensive

organization in all sections of the state.

May the zeal which characterized the

work along this line during the days

preceding the settlement of the Detroit

controversy be continued throughout

the coming year, to the end that the

interests of producers may be still bet-

ter conserved in the future and the

other benefits mentioned accrue in

greater measure to the united produc-

ers in an important industry.





The report of the

mass meeting of sug—

ar beet growers held

at Saginaw on Janu-

ary 2, under the auspices of the State

Grange, Which will be found in another

column of this issue, shows conclusive-

ly the attitude of a large element of

the sugar beet producers of the state.

That their attitude is warranted by the

situation is clearly indicated by the

analysis of the contract offered by the

sugar companies, which‘was made in a

recent editorial comment in this paper.



By that analysis it Was Shown that

the sliding scale contract which is be-

ing offered by the sugar companies

this year, while apparently designed to





impress the individual grower as being

more liberal than the so-called Ohio





contract used by some Michigan com-

panies last year, in reality gives the

grower a lower price by forty cents per

ton than did that contract, provided

the average price of sugar for the

months involved is six cents a pound

or more, which would seem to be a

practical certainty. under existing bon-

ditions.



Undoubtedly the sugar companies

will contend that the demanded price

of $8 per ton is unreasonable, and will

undertake to secure acreage sufficient

for the operation of the factories on

the contracts offered; but a careful

analysis of the situation will convince

almost any fair minded man that the

offering of a contract which is really

less favorable in its terms than that

enjoyed by some Michigan growers last

year, especially by factories which

have profited by high-priced sugar

made from low-priced beets, is much

less reasonable, and the result of such

an attempt on the part of the factories

will undoubtedly be a very low acreage

of beets, and consequently low produc-

tion of sugar at a time when domestic

production should be at. its maximum.

In this event the manufacturers, rather

than the farmers, will be primarily re-

sponsible for this result, through their

refusal to confer with the growers in

the matter before fixing the season’s

price or to fairly meet, the economic

situation from the growers’ standpoint.



Whatever the outcome, the sugar

beet growers are to be congratulated

on taking so firm a stand for an equita—

ble division of the profits from this in-

dustry which they have helped to build

and the executive committee of the

State Grange merits general commen-

dation for taking the initiative and as-

suming leadership in the matter.





The Sugar Beet

Controversy.





HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.





Foreign.



The European War.——-The central

powers continued their advance in Rou—

mania until the first of this week, when

the_v'_we.re arrested by a counter blow

bv the Czar’s troops. Desperate fight:

ing is now on fer the occupation of po-





three other points. and their line was

pierced .near Obilechti, alfact admitted

by Berlin. It is apparently the object

of the Teutons In this section to prose-

cute the campaign until they hat/e

complete control of the railroad con—

necting Lemberg in Galicia with Galatz

on the Danube, and Odessa, the chief

port of the Black Sea—At the extreme

north end of the Russian front both

sides have launched furious attacks in

effort to gain military advantages. The

Czars troops repelled assaults along

the river Aa, the village of Katnzen

and the Tirul marslies.——On the west:

ern front the Germans attacked the

French on the right bank of the Meuse

rriver before Verdun, and also in the

\ osges mountains. According to Paris

reports, these advances were repulsed.

—Italian forces advanced about 500

yardsdurmg a_ surprise attack on the

Austrian frontier. British troops fail-

ed in an effort to advance their lines in

fizcsgggéai~The Unitled States Senate



, o su ort t- . ' - '

Pris/[swept Wilsgd). 9 peace move at



eagre'reports have reache

country of a battle. between the dfortgd;

of Generals Carranza and Villa in Mex-

100 to the south of "Chihuahua City.

Although the first statements indicated

a battle of some magnitude, it is now

believed that. the forces engaged were

of comparatively small numbers—«It.

appears 'that the American-Mexican

commissmn which has under advise-

ment matters of issue between the

United States and the de facto gov-

ernment of Mexico will recommend

that American forces bewithdrawn

from Mexican territory.



According to dispatches from Aus-

tria, Dr. Dumba, recalled ambassador

to_the United States, is to be made a

prince by Emperor Charles Joseph.



A , Natlional.



. congressiona hearin is on in

Washington this week togtake testi-

mony on the alleged leak regarding the

recent peace note of President Wilson,

the advanced knowledge of which is

said to have made millions of dollars

for certain New York city speculators.



A campaign to nationalize the non-

part1san_political league which swept

the political boards of North Dakota in

the last, campaign has been inaugurat-

ed. It IS the purpose of this League to

organtzelowa, Nebraska, Michigan and

Wisconsm in the near future. North

Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota and

Montana are already organized. The

program of the League seeks to find a

remedy for alleged economic abuses

from which farmers have suffered.



To reduce freight congestion out of

Toronto it has been agreed by railway

and transportation officials to discon-

tinue the running of 49 passenger

trams in order to give greater freedom

to the movement of freight. The re-

vised schedules will be in operation

until April 30.



There are 61 local papers in north-

ern Michigan which have been com-

pelled to advance their subscription

price because of‘ the print paper situa-

tion, 14 other papers have'adopted a

strictly cash in advance program, 12

have. cut down their size, eight increas-

ed their advertising rates, and in five

cities and towns the papers have con-

solidated.



The State Railroad Commission has

given the city of Detroit and the Grand

Trunk Railway 15 days in which to get

together on the construction of grade

separations on Dequindre street in this

city. A mandatory order was given to

this effect.



The seventh annual automobile show

is now on in New York Cit-5% Unusu-

ally large crowds are attending the

sessions and showing interest in the

new automobile styles.



Republicans of Michigan Will how

their state convention in DEVON on

February 20.



Congress has appropriated $243,000

as expense money for distributing free

garden seeds. . .



The thirty-first regiment of Michi-

gan has returned to Detroit from the

Mexican front on January 5



A new re-enforced concrete dock_to

cost 31.500.000, and having a capacny

of 60,000 tons of ore is being COHStT‘m“

ed at Ashland, Wis.





MICHIGAN— BEAN JOBBERS MEET.





o





 





The Mid-winter Meeting of the Mich-

igan Bean Jobbers’ Association Will be

held at the Hotel Cadillac, Detrmt,

commencing at 2:30 p. m., January 24.

A cordial invitation is extended to ev-

ery. grower of beans and every person

interested in the development of the

bean industry of this state to ,attend '

this meeting; W. W. Gilbert. _a.n,.ex-

port on the control of bean_diseases

will be. present at. tha.t..meeting from

Washington, D. C. - 'Weg will have -'a

good program prepared. copy of which

will be. mailedfn you later. , -



‘ ‘ JW. 1.01:3, President._,_





   





of the Sereth’i‘river, a. branch of the-





 





   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





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DOMINANT note in Grange pro-



gress was pressed over and over



again at State Grange 'session

this year in the resolutions expressing

the need and demand for stronger co-

operation that the farmers may obtain

a fairer price for‘their products.



One particularly pressing need that

was taken up at the first State'Grange

executive meeting was‘from the sugar

beet growing sections. After careful

consideration a call was sent out by

the State Grange executive committee

to all the Granges and farmers in the

beet growing counties for a. mass meet-

ing to consider the price of sugar

beets for 1917.





On January 2, over 1000 men crowd-

ed into the rooms of: the Saginaw Audi-

torium to discuss this vital question.

John C. Ketcham, Master of Michigan

State Grange, was made chairman of

the meeting, and Robert P. Reavey, of

Caro, Tuscola county, secretary. C.

H. Bramble, overseer of State Grange,

who grows sugar beets on his farm

near Tecumseh presented some care-

fully compiled figures on the cost of

growing the beets and also the manu-

facturing side of the question.





He said in part: “The farmer has

more capital invested in land acreage

growing sugar beets than the factory

has in its plant, and more than double

the labor costs. In 1915 the acreage

was 124,781, at $100 per acre represent-

ed a capital of $12,478,100, farm

capital.



“The sworn statement of the sugai

factories taken from 1epo1 ts filed with

the Secretary of State for 1916 was

$12,478,024, almost the identical farm

capital valuation. Interest, taxes and

depreciation were not figured on either

farm or factory capital.



“According to figures based on report

of sugar factories to the Commissioner

of Labor of the number of men em~

ployed, acreage of sugar beets, sugar

produced, amount of coal consumed,

number of tons of sugar beets, the av-

erage test and price of '1915 crop, and

verified by year book of the agricultur-

al department at W'ashington, Michi-

gan farmers grew 1,075,681 tons of

beets in 1915. With an average of

eight and a half tons per acre at an

average price for four years Of $5.50,

at an average cost price of $40 per

acre, they received $47.17, giving a net

return of $7.17 per acre.



“The Commissioner of Labor’s report

shows 4,839 men employed by Michi-

gan sugar factories with an average of

81 days, who manufactured 251,140,139

pounds of sugar. City wage earners





. average $2.28 per day.





Cost of Manufacture.





Labor cost ($2. 50 pe1 day). .$ 320, 222





Salaries and incidentals .....

Coal, estimated 185,193 tons 555, 579

Total . . . . . . . ............. $1,887,198





“The total factory cost of manufac-

turing sugar on this basis would be

3/10 per pound.



Factory Cost.





1,075,681 tons of beets at

$5. 55 .$5, 970, 029





Mfg. cost as shown ......... 1,,887198



Total .............. ...... $7,857,227



Value of Product, and Manufacturing

Profit.





251,140,391 lbs. sugar at ‘———7c



(aver. jobbers’ price since



last January) ........... $17, 578, 967

76, 834 tons beet pulp at $20 1, 536, 680

Syrup not figured





Total ................... $19,115,647

Less total factory expense. 7,857,198





Total factory profit ...... $11, 256, 249

Total farmersf profit, 1915

basis ............ . . . . . . . 978,789

Estimated on a $6.00 Per Ton Basis.

Total factory profit. . . ...... $10,784,563

Total farm profit....... .. . 1, 463, 846

“A single sugar factory costing $750, -

000 will handle 10, 000 acres of beets,





..................





' which at 10 tons per acre would pro-





duce 100, 000 tons of beets. At $8. 00





‘ per 11 the results wnuld figure as fol-





Bcct Groivcrs Organize





Factory Cost.

100,000 tons beets at $8.00. .$ 800,000





Cost of mfg. at %c per 1b.. 187,500

Total .. ............ ' ..$ 987,500

Value of Product.

25, 000, 000 lbs. sugar at 50

(121/2 per cent av. test). . .$1,250,000

Pulp on above basis. . 148,840

Total ................ $1,398,840

Comparative Profits on this Basis.

Factory profit ........ ‘...$ 411,000

Farmers’ - profit ............ 400,000





“This the farmers consider a fair

division of profit.”



Following thisgtalk, A. B. Cook, a

beet grower of Shiawassee county,

made a strong plea for the farmers to

organize and “stick together” for a liv-

ing price. The $8.00 a ton flat rate

was voted enthusiastically. To back

this enthusiasm these men represent-

ing 16 counties proceeded to organize.



John C. Ketcham was made chair-

man of a committee of six. The furth-

er members that were ratified by this

body were A. B. Cook, of Shiawassee

ecunty; L. W. Oviatt, of Bay county;

Robt. Reavey, of Tuscola county; Tim—

othy O. Hearn, of Huron county; W.

T. O’Connor, of Sanilac county, and P.

Morris, of Genesee county.



Membership dues were fixed at $1.00

and a booster fund of $160 was taken-





.up in a collection, “just to start the





ball rolling."



aA/t the close of the meeting the coun-

ties lepresented met in various parts

of the building where county and lo-

cal mass meetings were planned to





sugar. As far as observed, thisr'prac-

tice causes no noticeable injury to the

trees excepting a small scar where the

holes have been made. Based upon

syrup at $1.50 per gallon, the gross

yield per tree is 60 cents and the net

yield about 30 cents per season.



8. Hilly land under cultivated crops

is liable to wash badly. When the sur-

face soil is removed‘the cropping val-

ue is almost negligible. The thick un-

dergrowth and leaves on the soil in

timber stands holds the soil intact

in the roughest country. Forests de-

crease the proportion of rainfall which

runs over the surface to lower land

and increase that which penetrates

into the soil.



9. The recreational value of wood-

lots should not be overlooked. They

may be used as picnic grounds for the

owner’s family, as nature study labor-

atories for the children, and as corn-

m'unity assembling places where topics

of general interest can be discussed.



Farm timber tracts usually do not

appeal to the younger generation as

much as to the older. The sentiment

connected with their existence increas-

es with the age of the owners. Many

young farmers have immediately cut

down woodlots as soon as control pass-

ed to them from the hands of older

people. Man soon passes the commer-

cial stage of youth, the appetite for

aesthetic and restful features increas-

es and he begins to entertain the oth-

er aspects of life not dominated by the

dollar sign alone.



10. Before a woodlot is removed to

increase the area adapted to growing

other farm crops, careful observation





 





Young Trees Spring up Naturally in Great Abundance in Unpastured Lots.





complete the local organizations. The





meeting adjourned with pledges by

nearly all present to not contract for

less than $8.00 and to stick to it.



D0111 H. STOCKMAN.





o





THE WOODLOT, ITS PLACE IN

FARM MANAGEMENT.





 





( Continued from first page).

upon the soil. They will draw nourish-

ment from. such depths beneath the

surface that most crops cannot reach

it. Land improves under timber crops

where it will gradually lose fertility

under other crops. Food elements are

taken up from the under soil and form-

ed into leaves or wood structure. The

leaves and wood in turn fall and decay

upon the surface of the soil. Plant

food of the under soil is“ by this con-

tinuous process brought up and con-

centrated near the surface.



5. The value of trees for protection

of crops and buildings is becoming

more important with the greater scar-

city of large protective belts of timber.

If farm buildings are located properly

relative to the woodlot, both crops and,

buildings can be protected.



6. The majority of people who are

in the market for farms desire wood-

lots in connection and are willing to

pay more for farms containing them.



7. The forest crop of wood does not

always constitute the sole source of‘

income. Tracts containing maple trees

in sufficient numbers may be tapped

for‘the production of’maple syrup and





 





should be made to ascertain if consid-

erable valuable land is not lying idle

in other parts of the farm that could

be put to use before cutting the wood-

lot. These wasted areas will be found

principally in open ditches, crooked

ditches, unnecessarily wide fence rows,

unnecessary lanes, roadways wider

than standard, scattered and inconven-

iently lecated farm buildings, etc.

Pertinent Woodlot Problems.



The subject of the farm woodlot, pre-

sents many problems which at the

present time are confusing and diffi-

cult of solution. One of these is to de-

termine what procedure is most advis-

able where timber occupies the best

land of the farm and poor land is be-

ing farmed. The condition shows very

clearly a mistake which was originally

made in selecting the areas to be used

for farming. The tracts cannot be

shifted about as easily as when annual

crops are being grown. The only meth-

od which obviates the necessity of be-

ing several years without a local sup-

ply of sizeable timber for use. is to har-

vest only a small part of the crop each

year and when cutting begins to plant

up the poor land, which is to be the

woodlot of the future, with trees of the

desired species. The progress of cut-

ting in the old woodlot is regulated so

that upon its completion someof the

new crop will be of usable size. Young

thrifty trees do not attain great age

before they need thinning. The thin-

nings are adapted for use as poles,

posts, and. fuel wo,od.‘, The drawback





' siderable extent.





 





- 1-21;]:





of the scheme is that the area occupied





by the old woodlot and that occupied

by the new are temporarily withdrawn

from agricultural use. It must be re-

membered, however, that the area

planted'represents the poorest land of

the farm, while that gradually being

made available by cutting is much

more valuable.



The tenant system is. one great draw-

back to any plan of management cov-

ering a long period of years. The av—

erage tenant’s interest in the farm is

temporary only and he is primarily an

exploiter of its resources. His interest

is in taking as much out and in putting

as little back as possible. Most nota-

ble among his offences have been pas-

turing the woodlot, being careless with

fire during dry periods, and in taking

the very best trees for wood- or for

farm repair work, where poorer ones

would have done as well. As over one-

third of the farms of the country are

run by tenants, the damage to wood-

lots, because of them takes quite ex-

tensive proportions. lt is not intended

here to give any disucssion of the ef-

fects of pasturing upon woodlots. It

is sufficient to state that the producing

power of a timber tract cannot be kept

up indefinitely if it is pastured.



A great fire hazard and risk of in-

sect damage have made investors

skeptical of

form of investment. The. fire hazard

in woodlots is low in most sections

-because the tracts are isolated and

timber does not constitute large areas.

Insects seldom destroy ‘WihGle stands 01‘





mixed species but 05’3"]? will attack

one particular kind tr tree.



It is difficult to llzzziie' the establish-

ment of forests spin-+1] w the average





farmer because reinvrx use so long der

i’erred. The planter seldom survives

to harvest his own (-101 People have.

not yet reached the >7. g»: oi unselfish-

ness which makes 11411 willing to

take such a. keen iliifirr“. 111 posterity

as to. plant forests 101' "in-111 to harvest

and sell. The lllllbt‘l (21:1: is one which

requires that the em _. plan of manage—

ment be followed in :1 long period

of years. If one over: plants trees

and the one who suwwds him decides

to cut them while 111»; are in the pole

stage there is a grea" entrifice in val-

ue. The crop is of 1:111; value and quan—

tity at this time her : "use the stage 01'

most rapid growth 111.11! development is

just being approached.



The 111arketing 0! Woodlot products

is very difficult for the average farmer

because it is a field or". work in which

he is not experienced. Very few sales

of woodlot timbei are made at any

near approach to the 2.141 value. Wood

products represent a small percentage

of the products sold from a farm and

the sales are generally not annual. The

farmer has not the opportunity to be-

come skilled in measuring the quantity

and deciding the quality of saw logs

and sawed material as he has with his

annual crops. To escape a line of

work with which he is not familiar, he

usually sells for a lump sum or in the

log and thereby loses the profit from

the work of preparing the timber for

a special market by putting it through

a sawmill. As many at, this time are

interested in selling their timber more

than retaining it, the methods of mar-

keting woodlot products deserves at-

tention. Failure to make a sale is of—

ten a fortunate circumstance as the

timber is thereby saved for a future

market when prices are higher and the

trees have attained greater volume.



The Future of Farm Woodlots.



Just what the future of farm wood-

lots is to be is problematical to a con-

Prices of lumber and

all wood products have been steadily

rising since the early days of the lum-

ber industry and all economic condi-

tions point to the fact that they will

continue to do so for a number of years

at least. This country has the last





great storehouse of timber wealth con- ‘





taining woods best adapted to our

needs. Importations cannot be made

except at great cost.

probabflcome to be prized more high-





timhe: properties as a





., a \

-:' aha-«4,. m‘.’ 1.x 7. :., , .2.





WOodlots will . v
1y because they are so well distributed

throughout most of the farming sec-





of supply of wood materials.



The present consumption of timber,

which is 250 cubic feet per capita, will

probably be reduced because of high

prices, limit of supply and the very

important role'that wood substitutes

will play in our everyday life. Wood

posts have partially been replaced by

those of metal and concrete and var-

ious forms of wood construction are

giving way in favor of stone, cement,

biick or metal. As the price of coal



oes up and the supply is less avail-

able it may be that stove wood will

come “back into every day use.



The history of foreign count1ies has

illown that private f01ests ale in time

1eplaced by public f01ests. 111 the fan

distant futuie this will probany take

place here also. Timbel glouing is

plimarily not a private enterpr.ise En-

the success demands that it be cal-

1'ied on by men who are specialists in

the art. The long periods necessary

to produce mature crops do not adapt

it as a field for average individuals to

«inter. Poor lands worn out. by crop—

ping or those originally worthless rep—

resent the proper places for tree crops

and will in time be taken over by the

federal, state or local governments for

such use.



Private forests pay ill Europe and

eventually can probably be made to

pay in this country also. The outcome

however, is dependent on higher prices

[01 wood products, mole complete

knowledge among owners of how to

glowt timbe1, and that they occupy land

not too valuable to yield fail leturns

on investment when put. to such use.





   

   

   

   

   





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





ROAD BUILDING IN MICHIGAN.





 





Macomb county commissioners have

let a contract for building 3.9 miles of

the Hulett-Messmore road ill Armada

township to Campbell, Baldwin & Ben-

nett, for $11,780, work to start in early

spring.



Shiawassee county has let the work

for rebuilding three and a half miles



' of gravel road out of Byron to Louis

Heath for $9,445. ‘



Ottawa county has let contracts as

follows: To Cline & Boelens for build-

ing a mile and a half of concrete road

running south of Grand Haven; to Ray

Scott for building two and a half miles

in Allendale township; also a number

of contracts for furnishing and hauling

gravel on roads in Blendon, Allendale,

Holland and Robinson townships.





About 20 miles of gravel road in the

eastern part of Muskegon county will



3 repaired and resurfaced during the

winter. Men and teams are secured

more, easily and at lower rates ill win-

ter than in summer and gravel can be

hauled better on sleighs.



Mason county commissioners do not

favor putting any more unscreened

gravel on the roads and have bought.

two screening outfits. Contracts haVe

been let for 11 miles of gravel road.



Branch county road officials have

been making a trip over Wayne coun-

ty‘s 140 miles of concrete road and

were pleased with this type of con-

struction. .



Saginaw county has completed the

work of placing sign posts at each of

the crossings on all improved roads.

Each post is numbered on four sides to

show exactly where it is located with

regard to the state meridian and the

base line. Danger signals are placed

at railroad crossings and bad curves.





The United Commercial Travelers of

Michigan aie urging that the state

take over and complete all trunk line

’1oads, maintaining them by the patrol

system; also that the state borrow

$15, 000 000 (the amount required ac-

-cording' to an estimate of the state

highway department). and let con.

tracts to build all gaps in trunk line

{highways at once.

" Kent Co. '





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





 

 





Anion) GRIFFEN.





tions and form so convenient a source'





Applying the Rural Credit Act

By JAMES N. MCBRIDE





HERE are large areas of land in

Michigan which have every ele-

ment of fertility, but simply lack

drainage. While this is generally true

each community has particular knowl~

edge of its own necessities. There are

upland soils in Tuscola, Huron, Glad~

win and Bay counties which might be

cited as particular examples of unex-

celledr resources and location, with the

constant menace of a wet season.

From the standpoint of drainage the

problem is not difficult from an engi-

neering View, but finance has been the

obstacle.

The general community gain of

drainage would, based 011 the. results





'and experience of drained areas in





Ohio and Indiana, double the value of

land in the neighborhood. Individual

farms have increased in value over 100

per cent. Here is a proposition that

equals investment ill what has been

the most profitable stock deals.' The

investment has absolutely no risks, and‘

to the individual farmer, whose crops

are at the mercy of wet conditions,

drainage writes an insurance policy,

for as a rule this soil has every virtue

when drained.



Representative Cull, of Gladwin

county, secured the legislative sanc-

tion of a constitutional amendment to

allow land owners to form drainage

districts, issuebonds and in a general

way do for themselves, to “unwater'

land as the federal government does to

water the soil under irrigation projects.

Any proposition permitting bonding is

not popular, and a most meritorious

proposition was defeated because mis-

understood.



Now comes the rural credit act

which will allow long time, and a low

rate of interest to do this very neces-

sary work of drainage. Possibly the.

minimum of five years ,of extent of

time would accomplish the drainage,

however, this could be an individual

matter. One method of procedure would

be to call a public drainage district

meeting and proceed in the usual man-

ner to secure a drain under the state

law, and provide for payment by organ-

izing a rural mortgage bank or farm

loan association to meet the apportion-

ed cost with cash payments. If the

project is a small one, a signed agree-

ment of apportionment of the expense

can be agreed upon and obviate much

of the overhead expense of procedure

by law



There me many places iil Michigan

where a swampy area of comparatively

small amount, say from one to ten sec-

tions, has been all eyesore and also a

breeding place for mosquitoes and dis-

ease and a place of disrepute for farm-





   

   





In the winter broken parts in machines

should be repaired and it pays to tight-

en up the gears and bearings and give

ing, Already capitalists are buying the machine a thorough inspection to

such swamps, putting in dredging ma- find if it is in perfect cendition for 11

chinery and making money on the tran- hard day’s work in the field. It pays

saction. It is quite within the range of ,to order repair parts before spring as

local initiatiVe for a community to buy they may be delayed in transit and it

this land in 40 or 80-acre units, and is expensive to wait for repairs when

mortgage the home farms under the the field work is pressing and every

rural credits act. for drainage and pur- hour is worth a day in the winter. .

chase price of the swamp area. There It is a common occurrence for farm-

are usually in each community young ers to prepare their binder two or three

men of mechanical ingenuity who pos- days before it is needed. It takes all

sibly are the local threshers. Staking of a bright summer day possiblv to

these men, if necessary, for a dredging clean up the machine or drive to town

outfit is good business. There is more after a needed repair part. Possibly it

or less~ winter work possible on these may be necessary to stay half a dav at

jobs for unemployed farm labor. When the blacksmith shop waiting for a'job





the jobkis finished the additional value that should have been finished in the .





added to the land is enormous. There winter when time was not so valuable.

probably will be a gain of 100 per cent Of course, it costs money to build a

on the t1 ansaction and all possible, by storage room on a farm for farm tools.

the use of credit which an average If the buildings are new full and an

community has in great plenty, but has extra implement has been purchased

not used. it means the building of more shed



Unless these areas are used and im- room in a year when lumber and build

proved locally they will be bought by ing, materials are very expensive.

outside parties and the chance to Sometimes a lean-to shed can be ad-





-maintain these lands for the local peo- ded to an old building with scrap lum-





pie is gone. There iS also till? DOSSi- ber alld a few two-by-fours. The build-

bility of an alien colony being planted ing can then be covered with a good

iii the midstfif a local settlement grade of roofing paper and it will fur-

which is nowa common social purpose. nish protection for the tools until it



There is a land hunger and the fath- better building can be afforded. I am

er should employ his credit to provide not an advocate of building a lot of

sons with farm land. The glamour of small sheds all over the farm but any—

the golden west is gone and there are thing is better than allowing expensive





many more chances of success immedi- tools to rust. and wear out years before





ately than the more remote and weary- their time.



ful waiting on the irrigation projects. ——-—————



The experience of the pioneel was not ACTIVITIES OF MICHIGAN FARM-

valuable in his privations which were ERS.



incidents, but in his accomplishments

in spite of obstacles. The man, in





 





The second annual round-up of the





whose community there exists valu- boys’- and girls’ clubs of Barry county,





able land lacking drainage, can also held at Hastings. proved very success-

add to the achievements of “subduing ful, with fine displays of corn. potatoes

the earth” by reclamation from»water, and of ' garments made by the girls.

just as a past generation reclaimed Speakers from outsidevincl‘uded H. G.

the higher land from the wilderness. Smith, farm agent of Kent county, Miss



A soil survey in some places may be Anna R Cowles, me- W- H- French,

desirable, for not all swamp land is and E. C. Lindermann, all of the M. A.

valuable for drainage. A quicksand C. Total enrollment in club work in

bottom is not desirable. Deep peat the county was-148, with 110 members

swamps lack mineral matter and crop- completing the work. Three leading

ping under these circumstances must prize winners in yields 0f corn per





be adapted to conditions. Silty clay acre were: Emerson Cortright, 69

ottom land when drained is a joy for- bushels; Robert Eaton 63; Lyle Harp-





ever, and makes a fat land. ’er 55.7; on the half-acre basis, Floyd





, .. . Harper 53 bushels; Russell Leonard

The man who can take the initiative 44; Earl Johnson 38; best profits per





111 usmg the rural credits act to finance acre, Robert Eaton $46.55; E. Cort- .





a community drainage plan deserves . _

, / right $40.50; Lyle Harper $30.35‘



h f 10 1 . . . . ’

well Of IS el “ ‘men . championship on four pomts of yield,

F01 further adVice write to W' W' story, profits and quality, acre class, E.

Flannagan, United States Treasury Cortright, Don Hall and Ralph Harp-

Building, Washington, D. C., Secretary er; half~acre class, Floyd Harper, Rus-

Farm L03“ Board, for adVICe how to sell Leonard and, Kenneth Garrett; po-

start a local bank or federal farm loan tato growing contest first Arthur Wil-

association litts; second, Paul Foreman; third,





IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIII'III WIIIIHIIIIIIIHIIIIIIE ’IIIIIIIE. “ ' 'lIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!"IMIIIIIIIIIII'III llIIIllIIIIIIiIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIlIIIlIIIIlIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIIIIIIIIIIlllII Lyle Vanderbrook.





The Allegan County Farm Bureau





W i nter car€ Of Farm MaChinery met at Allegan and elected the follow—





By R.



HE modern farm business re-



quires considerable investment



in farm machinery. A farmer's

earning power today is ill a measure

determined by the amount of money

which he can invest ill tools to save

his time and energy. It follows that

every implement should be made to

give as many year‘s service as possi-

ble. On driving through many farming

communities we observe fine tools al-

lowed to rust beneath the trees ill the

field or stand unprotected from the

rain, and snow in neglected fence cor-

ners. We do not wish to criticize the

farmer who dumps out a tool ill the

snow after it has become unfit for use

by many years of service. It is cus-

tomary to blame farmers for every

piece of scrap iron lying around their

farm, even though the scrap may not

be worth storage space and not con-

tain enough good material to pay for

thetime of breaking it up. However,

this fall I have seen binders, corn cut—

ters and silo filling outfits standing in





. the snow although they did not appear





to have seen more. than one year of





mg officers: Pres, IrVin Fox, Ches-

KIRBY hire; vice-president, Geo. Schutmaat.

Hamilton; secretary, Glen Overton, A1-

legan; treasurer, Earl Delano, Allegan.

Alfred Bentall will continue his effi-

cient work as farm agent. Very inter

esting talks were given by Dr. Mum-

ford, of East Lansing, director of farm

bureau work in the state, and by Chas.

E. Bassett, of the Federal Bureau of

Markets, Washington.



The Calhoun County Fair Associa-

tion has elected the following officers

for 1917: President, Chas. C. Green,

Battle Creek; vice-president, H. C. Al-

baugh, Marshall; secretary, Thos. C.

Bigger, Marshall; treasurer, Frank E.

Smith, Marengo; directors, R. P. King

man, Battle Creek; James Wilkinshaw,

Convis; Russell Conley,‘Marshall. The

fair paid about $3, 500 in premiums last

season, as compared with $1, 600 the

previous year. ,





service 011 the farm. It is simply a

case of allowing the elements to de-

stroy farm capital, ecause these ma-

chines will certainl have several

years less of service to their credit

when they are scrapped than as if they

had been protected.



Moisture is a great destroyer of farm

implements and the tools which are

unprotected never give as good ser-

vice as they should, even if they are

still fit to use. I have heard it stated

that tools can be protected without a

shed if they are carefully painted in

the fall so that" every spot is proof

against moisture. However, it is just

about impossible to cover every spot

and crevice with paint. Paint costs

money and painting takes time and it

should not be necessary to paint farm

implements every year. It is far bet~

garagfnfiem the protection Of a “I have been taking your paper for



. _ a number of years and .look forward



When storing machinery for winter with a great deal of pleasure to its

it pays to clean it thoroughly and wipe coming, as I gather a lot of Valhable

it with an oiled rag. The fine film of information from it and find. it very

oil over the iron and steel parts will my farming interests n __o_ J V

prevent rust and the tool will be clean E. Lake Street, Chicago,





and infine condition for spring work. .





helpful in the better management of- _

. Wise 5 ' '





 





. «3 .





 





" .571.
.. ’-





is





t, \





AVING concluded my observa-

H tions and that of the American



Commission in the thirteen Eu-

ropean ecuntries in the chronological

order visited, {thought our Michigan

farmer readers would be interested in

a final article suggesting to what ex-

tent the )essons learned in Europe are

being applied in America. I have en-

deavored to gather this information so

far as possible through the members

of the American Commission in their

respective home localities;



As might be expected in general the

larger service which the American

Cemmission has rendered and will ren-

der is along educational lines. Each

member of the Commission became a

more" interested citizen in the subject

of co- Operative agriculture. ' And as

such he had talked about it to his

nerghbors has discussed it in agricul-

tural organizations and meetings Of

farmers and in his local press and in

the larger agricultural press. .. Some

have gone .to the legislature and help-

ed to draft appropriate legislation.

Some “have been appointed to official

positions in their respective states

which keep them actively at work in

promoting co-operative agriculture.



It should be said at the outset, I

think, that the American Commission

and the United States Commission

were merely concrete expressiOns of

conviction that something systematic

and comprehensive and enduring need—

ed to be done-to promote American age

riculture. This had been recognized

for years before any concrete activity

resulted. The Country Life Commis-

sion appointed during Roosevelt’s ad—

ministration was one of the most con-

spicuous expressions of this convic-

tion and was an efficient instrumental—

ity in focusing attention upon general

needs and directing specific attention

to the character of those needs as re-

flected in the report of this Commis-

sion.



During P1esident Taft's adn1inist1a-

tion our ambassador to annce, Honor-

able Myron T Her1ick, was instructed





the local market has never re—



ceived mu h consideration from

the average fruit farmer because of

the fact that the demand for gooseber-

ries has been limited. There are buy-

ers who can several'crates of this fruit

every year. It is put up as jam and





THE gooseberry as a product for





also eaten as sauce or in pies and the.





gooseberry is greatly relished by many

people. In talking with- the owner of

a boarding house she stated: "I find

that my people are very fond of goose-

berries when they are properly pre-

pared but every year I have great diffi—

culty in procuring first—class fruit for

canning." She had no trouble in pur-

chasing quantities of all other kinds of

small f1uits but gooseber1ies of quality

seemed to be lacking.



I, believe that the demand for goose-

berries is still limited and with due re-

gard to the above buyer’s statement

the appetite for’ gooseberry sauce

doubtless must be cultivated and this

seems to have been neglected in the

majority of homes. No grower of small

fruit could expect to make much mon-





ey from the gooseberry without first '





carefully studying the local market

and noting it there really is any de-

mand for the product. Without care-

ful cultivation a good crop cannot be

produced. Without careful study of

markets a good crop cannot be sold at

a profit. The past history of fruit grow-

ing has always placed the cart before

the horse. Its maxim has been—pro-





‘ duce something and then try and sell





it. At present the prospective fruit

grower can reverse the old idea. First

find out if there is a demand, then try





. and fill it more successfully than the





other fellow. The study of markets is





. necessary in the profitable culture of





all small‘ fruits but it is doubly neces-

ary in the case of a fruit like the

; him“ where the demand is 11111-





By WM. B.





_ THE MICHIGAN FARMFR .,

Applylng European Co operative Methods to Amcrlca





 





HATCH,





' 1.1:; 1 Michigan Member of American commission





to gather data to 1(be used to compare

fpean farmer in order that they might





fairly compete with him,- there would

’be an immediate annual saving of one





agricultural condltlons there and here.

Federal authenties were simultaneous-

ly instructed to gather official- data in

this country. F10m these two sources

of data we get the following back-

ground: ' ‘

There are twelve million citizens of

the United States engaged in agricul-

ture. There are thirty million directly

dependent upon the farms for a living

and our entire population is indirectly

dependent. The estimated value of our





hundred million dollars.





capital on the same baSis as the Euro-





hundred and fifty million dollars a

year in interest alone. The annual val-

ue of farm products is nine billion five

One— third of

this is consumed by the farmers who

produce these products. Over six bil-

liOn dollars’ worth of the product goes

to market. The consumers pay thir-

teen billion dollars for this six billion





 





 





 





Buildings Housing an Irish Co-operative Creamery Plant and Manager’s Office.





farms is forty billions of dollars. There

are six billion dollars of farm debts—

six dollars for every minute of the

Christian era. Three billion dollars of

this indebtedness is in the form of

farm mortgt ges. The cost Of the farm-

er‘s .111011ey represented by his indebt—

edness averageseightper cent or alit-

the better, covering the whole country.

This represents an annual interest cost

of three hundred million dollars. The

European rate is not over half ours.

If American farmers had their working





Commercial





dollars of marketed farm products.

Seven billion dollars disappears in dis-

tribution between producer and con-

sumer. In three years since the last

census the number of tood animals has

decreased seven million three hundred

and fifty thousand, while our popula-

tion has increased about seven milion.

We had beef exports in 1904 aggregat-

ing $150,000,000. Today we are import-

ing beef, mutton, poultry, dairy pro-

ducts, grain and even vegetables. New

Zealand mutton, and butter and eggs





Gooseberry Culture





By R. G. KIRBY





ite'd. .If you know that there is a mar-

ket for this fruit in your community a

study of the natural requirements of

the plant is in order.



Gooseberl 1es should be planted three

feet apart in 1ows four feet apart. The

bushes do not spread out like black-

berries and consequently less space be-

tween the rows is necessary for culti—





wood should be removed annually to

keep the new wood steadily developing.

When the patch becomes old, manure

may be spaded in around the roots to

advantage and doubtlessly the old

patch will need quite a little cultiva-

tion to keep the soil in the condition

that will produce large fruit.



The greatest danger to commercial





 





Gooseberries do well as Fillers in Orchards.





vation. The plants are propagated from

cuttings of the shoots which grew the

previous year. The gooseberry being

a hardy fruit is frequently neglected

and a lack of pruning, cultivation and

manure soon reduces the size andqual~

ity ‘of the'berries produced. When a

cane has borne two or three crops it

should be removed so that the young

canes which bear better fruit will

have an opportunity redevelop. As a

usual thing six or eight canes will do

fairly well when more will mean a

crowded berry patCh and fruit that is

small in size. When the bushes are

three or four years old some of the





gooseberry culture has been the mil-

dew and it is one of the difficult mil-

dews to control. The imported varie-

ties have proven more susceptible than

the plants originating in this country

and for this reason it will probably=be

safest to plant the native stock. Win—

ter spraying with an application of

lime-sulphur seems to have an effect on

the disease but a spray of potassium

sulphide (one ounce to two gallons of

water) seems to be more generally suc-

cessful in controllingihe fungus. The

first application of this mixture should

be made at the time the. buds open and

it may be used again at intervals of





flora China are on 0111‘ Pacific Coast ’.

markets. And 900, 000 pounds of Argen—

tine beef came into Washmgttm, D. CT, ..

in a single day within the past year. .





 





 





“Te are even importing ear—11 from Bue~





nos Aires. . ;. g,





The American Commission in 115'. rel





port says among other things in con- '

clusion:



"The experience of thirty [years by a

dozen European countries, has demon-

strated beyond all question the‘decided

advantages to the farmers and to; con—

sumers as well, of the coloperative or

collective method of doing the busi-‘





ness incident to agliculture—whethei





in obtaining credit, in buying, in sell-

ing, or in manufacture cf fodd pro-

ducts, such as buttel and cheesewover,

the older but much less effective meth-

0d of purely individual business ac-

thity. ' l ‘



“F01 neaily the same period, in Am-

er ica, ta1 111e1s have experimented with

the co- -operative me.thod There have

been many iailui es. But today the con-

spicuous success of co— operation in the

selling of fruit and vegetables, in but-

ter 111aking, in establishing grain ele—

'ators and 111 organizing Supply stores,

indicates that collective farm business

is feasible in Ame1ica as well as in.

Europe.



“The underlying need in American

agriculture is to organize in every

farming neighborhood in the land a

well COnsidered cooperative effort for

making that connnunity in all respects

»—in its farming and in the life. and

character of the people—the best possi—

ble neighborhood. This is rural com-

1111111ity-building.”





The following brief report of activi- '





ties in the various states is given in

the order of the arrival of the reports:



Pennsylvania. Considerable work

has been done in \Yashington and ad-

jacent counties in the way of farm de-

velopment plans, corn and pig‘feeding

clubs and fruit associations. The farm-

e1s here have also organized a buyer’s

and sellers’ association which is incor-



(Continued on page 46);





ten. days if the weather is humid and

disease is very prevalent in the vicinity.





Among the varieties generally plant-

ed now are the Downing, Chautauqua,

Columbus, Houghton, Industry and

Smith’s Improved. The Downing,

Houghton, Smith’s Imploved and Chau-

tauqua are American varieties. and

quite resistant to the mildew so they

can be generally recommended for

planting in the commercial fruit gar»

den. The Columbus. is an American

seedling 0f the English type berry and

is considered by many growers to be

of very fine quality. The Industry is

one of the best and largest varieties of.

gooseberries and it is considered about.

the hardiest 01' the English types. How—'

ever, as with all the imported goose—

berries, it is more subject to the mil—

dew ihan the American sorts and I





doubt if it should be planted extensive-a





1y although it, produces a very fine fruit

for the home table.





Gooseberries will stand a lot of hard-

ship in transportation because of their;

thick skin. They should be picked be-





fore becoming too ripe and if for the ..





local market. they can be left‘on the

bushes until nearly matured. The mar-

ket will pay well for a limited amount

of this fruit and undoubtedly the de-

mand will increase as consumers learn

that gooseberrieSJOf quality are not the

small sour seed specimens that they

possibly have purchased in the past.

Some growers make a profit on goose—

berries by growing them as fillers in

young orchards. In cases of this kind

they may be removed when the trees

are old enough to need all of the for—

tility that the surrounding .soil can

supply them and a new gooseberry

patch can be started from the old one,

in plenty of time to insure a crop 0f

fruit by the time the plants used as

fillers must be destroyed. '
. roe-’6 V.





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Isbell Seeds are good seeds. As the grow their fame grows. You can buy these

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§ early market prices. Uni- harvest; dee p mated COUPON

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:\\ Name..............’ ........................

§ S. M. ISbell & C omp any Address .................................

N 827 Pearl St., Jackson, Mich. R“





 





 





     

 





       

   





 





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RASPBERRY CURL 0R YELLOWS.





 





Raspberry curl or yellows is a Very

obscure disease. About all that is

known about this disease is the char.

acteristic signs and the infectious na‘

ture. No definite parasitic organism

has been shown to be connected with

it. ' In this regard it is similar to peach





5 ‘ yellows, a disease of another fruit

‘ which shows many similar character-





istics. .

The infectious character seems cer-





tain. The usual history of diseased





patches is something like this: A few

plants showed the disease one season

and in the course of two or three years

the disease spread through the whole

patch. ‘



Leaves from diseased plants show a

characteristic curling and dwarfing.

The grooves which normally are shal-

low become deep and the. leaf shows

deep creases at the veins. The leaves,

which normally are flat, roll downward

at the edges. In the late stages the

leaves ‘become slightly yellow. Fruit

from diseased vines is worthless, usu-

ally shrivelled and half-filled out.





No control is known‘for this disease

other than the sanitary measure of de-

stroying all diseased plants. If the

first cases of the disease are ‘thus erad-

icated, a plantation may be freed from

infection. Communly the' disease is

not seen until the infection is wide-

spread. Such a plantation quickly be-

comes unprofitable. Care must be tak-

en to protect young settings. Nothing

is as yet known of the. method of

spread of this disease, other than that

cuttings from diseased vines carry the

disease. Judging from otherrdiseases

of this type, we may expect that some

insect plays the role of carrier in this

disease. Accordingly old plantations

may lead to the infection of new. The

disease has been noticed on wild plants

hence wild berries in the vicinity

should be destroyed.



Red varieties are more severely af-

fected than the other varieties. If

several ' varieties have been tried.

doubtless some difference in suscepti-

bility has been noticed. The resistant

types should be selected for replanting.

The growers of raspberries in Ohio

claim that the St. Regis, Early King

andflerbert are not so susceptible to

this trouble as the Cuthbert. No in-

formation from Michigan growers is

available—Dept. of Botany, M. A. C.





HINTS FROM THE HORT. MEET-

lNG.



Mr. C. E. Bassett, of the U. S. Bu-

reau of Markets, commented very fav-

orably upon the plan of certifying cars

of grapes which came up to a certain

standard, tried out by the Michigan

Market Director. The method has been

worked with success inhsome of the

western districts, and will grow rapid-

ly in popularity in the future. The

fact that a state oflicial‘ has inspected

the car of fruit and passed it as O. K.

gives the buyers added faith in the

high standard of grade and quality of

the pack and in most cases the‘fruit

is bought “sight and unseen” at

higher prices than other fruit which

was on sale with the privilege of in-

spection. In fact, in one instance the

buyer refused to accept a car because

the certificate which was to be attach-

ed to the bill of lading was lost, so

much confidence did he put in this sort

of inspection service.





Mr. Bassett likened this method to





 





.rewarding a boy when on good behav-





ior instead of punishing him when he

was naughty. He believed that the re-

ward system was more productive of

good behavior than the penalty meth-

od. So with the fruit grower, the sys-

tem of awarding a certificate when the

fruit was up to standard would do

more toward encouraging better grad-

ing and packing of the fruit than any

amount of legislation providing for

penalties when the standard was not

maintained. .



Prof. L.‘ R. Taft said that there was





 





 

 





 

 





no set rule as to definite times for





 





,,JA'1~i.--13,"1917; , ” ' '





spraying but for good results spraying

should be done often enough to keep

the growing fruit and foliage well cov-

ered with spray material. Occasional-

ly it was necessary to make two spray-

ings when the blossoms are in’ the

pink as at times from two to four.

weeks would intervene between the

first showing of the pink and the ‘op-

ening of the blossoms. Bordeaux is

considered a bette; spray than lime-

sulphur because it sticks better but on

aeoount’of the economy and conven-

ience of use, Prof. Taft believed that

lime-sulphur was preferable.



Mr. George Low, who has had con-

siderable experience girdling a large

orchard of Duchess trees to bringthem

to hearing, said that he found the meth-

od of twisting a wire tightly around

the trunk until it was smooth with the

bark gave most satisfactory results,

no damage resulting from it. The wires!





are left On from ten days to three'





weeks, depending upon the growth of

the trees. This method has success-

fully brought .Mr. Low’s- trees into.

hearing.



In the students’ speaking contest, R.

L. Lepper gave a very interesting dis-

cussion of the potash fertilizer prob-

lem. On account of the scarcity of

muriate and sulphate of potash Amer-

ican investigators have beeii working

on substitutes. The most promising

found thus far is kelp, a seaweed

which yields about 16 per cent of avail},

able potash when ground and dried.

Alunite, a rock from the west, the ash-

es of hard maple, oak and ash, tobac-

co stems and the gases from the man-

ufacture of cement are other sources

of potash which have showed promise.



In a discussion of the bitter rot of

the apple, David L. Peppard, in his

talk, given in the students’ contest,





said that it and other fungous disease _





were caused by an unequal supply 'of

sap which was brought about by the

derangement of the water supply. This

causes a breaking down of the cell tis-

Sue and the resulting fungous trouble.

Apples on spurs were found to be more

susceptible than others, and the use of

quickly available nitrogenous fertilizer

seem to make conditions more favor.—

able for the development of the rot.





A GOOD TREE PROTECTOR.





 





It is not too late yet to protect those

young fruit trees from rabbits, as they

do most of their damage after snow

has lain on the ground, and kept the

green food covered up for some time.‘



We were not troubled very much until

last winter when some of the trees we

had set out the previous spring were

girdled.



This may be due to the fact that rab-

bits are getting more numerous since

every boy or man has to hand over

that dollar and get a license before he

can hunt them. Therefore, we have

been on our guard this year and just

got our trees protected.



Thinking that our plan might help

someone we will pass it on through the

columns of the Michigan Farmer.



We took two lath, cut them in two in

the middle. Then laying the four strips

about a half or two-thirds of an inch

apart on a board or even surface we

lay some pliable wire, hay baling wire

will do, out in foot lengths, across the

slats, and fastened them with staples.



The wire should be placed so that it

will project about four inches for tying

purposes after the frame has been put

around the body of the tree.



The wire should be about six inches

from each end of the laths. Be sure to

clinch the staples to prevent scratch-

ing tree, and drive a six—penny nail in

the outside lath for fastening the pro-

jecting wire after you have protector

around the tree. When it is in place

the lath should be next to the tree‘ and

the wire on the outside.



You can make one of these in less?

time than you can read this. Inith'e





lspring they can/be taken off and pack- .





ed away for future use.



Bothlast spring’s and the previous

yearfs setting should be protecteds‘

. Hillsdale ' ‘ - ' -' '





 





o





 

 





 





 





 

   





 

 

 





 





I"
*TH-Eg‘ MI-CHE‘AICA‘N "FARMER





 

 





7 Be Particular about the

Fertilizer you Use





'You want to get the most. from your land. These are pros-

perous‘times, prices are good, and this is the one year you can-

not afford to take chances on'the fertilizer you use. When you

considerthat' your crops make their growth in 100 to 150 days,

and must have their plant food ready and waiting for them dur-

ing that short period,how important it is that the fertilizer be of

the right kind. A.A.C. Fertilizers have satisfied the most exact-

ing farmers for years. Then there is the question of farm labor

which will be scarce and high in 1917. Therefore every step

possible will be taken to make the best use of it. The use of

labor-saving machinery will increase. A.A.C. Fertilizers will be

used more extensively than ever because they require the least

.‘labor, and bring the greatest return for the money.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   





 





   





 





' ' ’ F rtili

\ . . .- - SerVICe

: "‘4 . . . . . .

' are at your command. We ship from szxty distributing poznts east of the

Mississippi, therefore you must be near some of them, and Wlll have the benefit

of the best serVIce and a reasonable freight rate.

If we have no agent in your town, we want one. Write us for agent’s name _

or ask for an agency yourself. It IS paymg 50,000 others. Why shouldn’t it

pay you? It IS a real opportunlty. ,

- Many of our brands have been on the market forty to sixty years. ,

’ I ‘HE AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL CHEMICAL Co.

NEW YORK-“PHILADELPHIA”BALTIMORE— BUFFALO-”BOSTON—CLEVELAND— ClNCINNATl‘DETROIT—SAVANNAH‘1ACKSONVILLE‘ATLANTA I 50“,

COLUMBIA. S. C. '* CHARLESTON, S. C.~GREENSBORO. N. C.— LOS ANGELES. CALIF.‘ MONTGOMERY. ALA.

PLEASE ADDRESS OFFICE NEAREST M

Bulletins of Information by Dr. Wheeler, formerly Director of the R. 1. Experiment Station, and now in charge

of our Service Bureau, —- which shall we send you? Put a X against the bulletins you want. They will

. I be sent without charge, if you will tell us how many acres of different crops you plan to put in this season. ’

x M. ,

Vetch and Its Culture Name

l . Seeding to Grass and Clover Address

'1 Alfalfa and 1““ Culture This season I plan to put in the following crops:

l Winter Wheat andilts Culture acres of -





   





 





   





ll Top-Dressing Grassland and Pastures _____,,,. _ H H, ,_ _._,_____,,___,,,L,_,_,A, A ,_-,____L





(I ((





Corn and Its Culture ____,- _L r , ,_ ,, . a...“ _ ,, L , _ L - . ,,w___





   





 





   





 





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Craps That Pay





.~   1 FILL OUT AND MAIL THIS COUPON
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' A ood pa in. general merchandise store in the

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n "





7 TH





 





The Trac tor That Increases Crops





ERE is one of hundreds of reports from farmers whose crops



H have been increased from 10% to 332%: by the subsoiling



feature of the Big Bull Tractor. (The bu 1 wheel runs in



the furrow and loosens the subsoil with its long spade lugs, 3 to 5

inches below plow depth.)





“The past year (1916) developed the most contrary conditions

for raising a corn crop that we have experienced for years. Up to

July 4th, it was very wet and cold, then exceedingl dry, with a

burning hot sun until the middle of September, w en we had a

killing frost. After all this, our yield was nearly 40 bushels per

acre, due, I am sure, to the deep plowing and subsoiling of the

Bull. Some of the adjoining fields not plowed by tractors, yielded



._ pnly 15 to 25 bushels.” _

' Clarence B. Waters. Gardner. Ill.





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' ——full of helpful information. Write today.





BULL TRACTOR COMPANY

2642 University Ave., s. E. MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.





Roeser Bull Tractor Co., Saginaw, Distributor for lower Michigan





 





 





'E MICHIGAN F'ARMER'.‘





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





 





Get Bigger Profit

From Your Live Stock





Run-down stock is never profitable. Further, it is a source of danger,

since it is liable to contract disease and cause serious loss. Your horses,

cattle, sheep and swine cannot do their best unless they are healthy and

vigorous, every organ working efficiently and doing full duty.



To make them strong, vigorous, healthy and profitable use





Pratts Animal Regulator





' America’s original Guaranteed St‘Cl! Tonic and Conditioner which has

stood the test of nearly lift} yr ars. ‘1; will uickly t ne up and invigorate

the whole system, insuring more and better market products, stronger

young, and greater ability to work.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





. ‘1





The preparation contains the t’ nics, laxatives and blood purifiers

which your stock needs now to overcome the bad effects caused by winter

confinement, dry feed, etc. It will expel troublesome worms, too, and

quickly put your stock in the best of condition. Test it at our risk. _.





Our Guarantee protects you.

&





Our dealer in your town has instructions to supply You with.

Pratt: Preparations under our square-deal guarantee—

" Your money back if YOU are not satisfied”—the

guarantee that has stood for nearly 50 years.





§ Write for Almanac—FREE.





PRATT Poop COMPANY .1 " if ,

Philadelphia Toronto





   





Chicago





 





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

   





 





SPRAY RIGHT

and save time, . //

money and _;2

fruit _ ,



needs. whether you own a





mall farm or a large ore and.

, ‘ [The new 40-page 1917





v DEMING





 

 





There'e a

Deming Sprayer

exactly fitted to your





 





TAHL SPRAYERS





We will chi on any Barrel 8 -

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cart 0 Mich gan’s‘beet. dairy country. An ideal .





 





more nflle hurl en. ‘1 will we on “out reasons I: In re-,

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JAN. 13, 1917.





Producers Fix-Milk Prices for 1917





HE value of organization, among



producers has again been dem-



onstrated by the success of the

organized dairymen contributing to the

Detroit market m' k supply in secur-

ing what stands a a record price for

their product for the ensuing year.

This result was achieved as the cul-

mination of a series of meetings held

in this city by local organizations

affiliated with the Michigan Milk Pro-

ducers’ Association whose members

sell their product for distribution in

Detroit.



At a previous meeting a tentative

price of $2.35 per cwt. was fixed by

the delegates present. from the various

locals, this figure being arrived at as

the consensus of opinion of the dairy-

men in the various producing commu-

nities contributing to the Detroit sup-

ply, as the price demand which should

be made for the ensuing year. A sell-

ing committee composed of the presi-

dent of the local organization and sev-

enteen members selected from the out-

lying districts was appointed to nego-

tiate a sale of the producers’ milk on

the basis of the tentative price demand.

This committee met with the commit—

tee of buyers, representing the organ-

ized distributors of the city of Detroit,

on December 29, but failed to reach a

satisfactory basis of settlement, the

buyers refusing to concede anything

about an average price of $2.00 per

cwt. at receiving stations in the first

shipping zone.



Due apparently to a reluctance of

both sides to break off negotiations in

the matter and precipitate a fight to

the finsh, the two committees agreed

to meet again on January 4. So small,

however, appeared to be the prospects

of an amicable settlement of their dif-

ferences, that the intervening period

was, in military parlance, little more

than an armistice in which both sides

were making preparations for a finish

fight. In the meantime volunteer com-

mittees of the producers’ organization

held meetings among dairymen at re

ported weak spots from an organiza-

tion standpoint, with the result that

numerous new locals were formed, and

the splendid loyalty of the dairymen in

what had been contended to be doubt-

ful territory, was demonstrated by the

unanimity with which they obligated

themselves to withhold their milk from

the market in case a settlement of the

differences with 'the Detroit dealers

could not be effected, and it became

necessary to call a milk strike.



A Big Assembly of Producers.



As a. means of further demonstrat-

ing the unanimity of opinion among

the dairymen and facilitating early and

united action in case a strike were the

only alternative, another meeting of

the delegates from local unions was

called for January 4, and more than

600 loyal dairymen representing the

great body of producers of market milk

going to Detroit assembled at the

Board of Commerce, to await the out-

come of the deliberations. During the

morning a meeting of the selling com-

mittee was held to determine their





' course of action in the final conference





with the dealers’committee, in which

meeting it developed that upon mature

consideration a majority of the selling

committee after a thorough survey of





-_ the field, and in consideration of re-

’ ports from' outlying stations, favored





the offering of a final compromise price

of an average of $2.10 per cwt. f. o. b.

shipping stations in the first shipping

zones on a yearly contract for 3.5 per

cent milk. '



Upon the calling of the afternoon

session of the general convention, mi-

nority members of the committee rep-





resenting largely the so-called gallon





shippers and producers in territory ad-

jacent to the‘citypmade a minority re-

port discla'iming responsibility for the

contemplated action of the committee.

The general convention was composed





. of a preponderance, of delegates of like

'1: re resentation, and due to; the fact that

“th erson st of the conventi





not the same as that of the meeting'at

which the selling committee was ap-

pointed, there was a rather general

misunderstanding of the power with

which this committee was clothed for

the bargaining of the producers’ pro-

duct. On this account, the secretary

being a member of the selling commit-

tee, the committee was recalled for the

purpose of determining this point,

which was established to the satisfac-

tion of the delegates by a reading of

the minutes of the preceding meeting.

The committee then retired for their

final conference with the buying com-

mittee, which lasted until well toward

midnight before the committee’s prop-

osition was accepted by the‘ buyers,

and the details over which there was a

difference of opinion were satisfactor‘

ily adjusted. .



As a result, the committee received

its final proffered price of $2.10 per

cwt., f. o. b. receiving stations, for 3.5

per cent milk in the first shipping zone,

with three cents per cwt. advance for

each one-tenth per cent additional but-

ter-fat test above 3.5 per cent. Under

this contract the distributors are to

accept all the product of present pa-

trons who are members of the associa-

tion at the stipulated price, with the

proviso that no shipper shall increase

his last year’s product more than ten

per cent without permission of the in-

dividual distributor to whom he sells.



The new contract Will date from Jan-

uary 15.



In making this contract the organ-

ized dairymen contributing to the De-

troit mhrket milk supply are not only

getting what stands to date as a record

price for their product but have won

complete recognition as an organiza-

tion through the acceptance of this

price on the part of buyers and the rec-

ognition of the organization in other

ways.



Milk Prices in Other City Markets.



A comparison with the contracts in

force in other cities Where dairymen’s

organizations have been active will

prove of interest to every member of

the milk producers’ association. In

New York, after a bitter fight, the pro-

ducers got a six months’ contract run-

ning from October to April inclusive,

at an average price of $2.15 5-6 for

three per cent milk, as compared with

a probable average at the tentative

figures advanced for these months un-

der the Detroit contract of $2.29 1-6 for

three and a half per cent milk. Pres

ducers for the Chicago market, after

their memorable fight, secured a con-

tract for the winter months of $2.00

per cwt. on a 3.5 basis. Their contract

for the previous six months was $1.55.

In Cleveland, after the recent contest,

the dairymen settled on a basis of

$2.25 on direct lines and $2.15 at sta-

tions not on direct lines for 3.9 per

cent milk, contract expiring'April 1.

Producers for the Philadelphia market

receive from January to April inclu—

sive $2.05 for 3.8 to four per cent milk.

From October 15 to December 31 pre-

vious,‘the price was $2.30 per cwt. At

Pittsburgh the price from November

to January was $2.05 and from Febru-

ary to April $2.00 for 3.5 per cent milk,

with no contract for summer months.

At Cincinnati from December to March

inclusive, $2.00 is paid at country sta-

tions for four per cent milk, with no

contract after April 1. Minneapolis

distributors pay $1.75 for 3.5 per cent

ll‘ilk' af shipping stations in January,

with no contract for future months.



This will afford a comparison show-

ing the benefit of organization. It will

thus be seen that the dairymen con-

tributing to the Detroit supply have se-





‘cured a better price without a finish





fight than have the dairymen of other

districts after expensive strikes. On

the most conservative estimate the ad

ded income to farmers contributing to





this supply will exceed one million dol-L

lars during the ensuing year, and will





probably approach double that 3311





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





xx!
A o

v .f‘

\ a

- .r

s

In

I l7

V 1*

l

VI

.4





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





1 How'ro‘ABArE‘ THE Doe".

, NUISANCE. -





. There are manyreasons why our

present laws, relative to the dog tax,

methods of collection, etc., should be

changed. The damage done by the

worthless curs yearly in this state

would amount to enormous sums, es-

pecially to the sheep industry. It is

almost impossible to raisesheep.“ Not.

only the sheep that are killed by the

dogs, but after a flock has been Chas

ed they are afterwards practically

worthless, and under the present laws

the owner can only get damages for

those that are killed, and therefore the

farmers are simply forced to quit the

business.



I know of two fa1111e1s within t“ o

miles of my place who had nice flocks

of sheep, enti1ely mined and v. 110 have

been obliged to give up the business.

l, myself, have had, at least calcula—

tion, $500 worth of damage done to

my flock within the last, two years.



Then, again, there have been a great.

many cases where dogs have gone

mad and run' through the country and

bit and destroyed other stock and peo-

ple, some of whom had to die, others

have had to go to Ann A1bo1 to take





 





 





for the fuel used. ' On any number of

animals, it would no doubt pay for the

fuel, and heater also, in one winter.



.. Not only this, but with dairy cattle

it is estimated that the increase in

milk and butter production made by

giving warm water instead of water at

35 to 40 degrees is from 15 to 25 per

cent. The cows drink more water and

the food they eat goes to sustain them

and for milk, none being wasted in

heating the cold water they have

drank.



If this is true, and the testimony of

those who have tried it seems to agree,

it will certainly pay to warm the wa-

ter for the cows and also for the fat-

tening stock and feeders. The whole

thing seems to come to this point.

Whether it pays to keep the stock

warm in winter by good quarters and

warm water, or let them hustle out

doors,’ eating from snowy stacks or on

the ground, drinking water which is

reached by breaking a hole in the ice,

which often covers a sluggish and con-

taminated pond and protecting them-

selves from the storm and on the shel—

tering side of a wire fence.



Where the line runs between care

that pays, and care that pampers the

stock, we are not sure, but there is no





 





 





 





 





A Good Litter at Five Months, on the Farm of H. V. Sober, Livingston Co.





 





the Pasteur treatmen’, and sometimes

even that did not save them from a

miserable death.



The dog is everywhere,

the. worthless kind, which generally

have to hunt their own living. And in

case of disease among our stock, such

as we had recently, with the foot—and-

mouth disease, the dog becomes one,

if not the most dangerous, agent to

carry disease from one farm to .an-

other.



If the dogs were taxed $10 each and

a proper law provided for the collec-

tion of same, so that, all would have. to

pay their dog tax, there would be less

of the worthless kind. If a dog is

worth having at all, either for company

or profit, he surely ought to be worth

$10 per 11111111111. 1 am sure the dogs in

this state each and everyone of them

cost somebody that much, if the dam—

age done by them were properly

mated:



Let us get a bill before our legisla-

ture at this very session, for it is ab-

solutely necessary not only for the pro—

tection of our sheep industry, but for

the protection of other property

human lives. we as a nation stand

ready to protect the lives of American

citizens against being wantonly or ac-

cidentally killed by foreigners, even to

the extent of declaring war against

such aggressors, why should we not

protect. our people against a nuisance

like the worthless dog?



Gratiot Co.





WARM OR COLD WATER.





especially





esti-





CHAS. KERR.





 





~The question of warming water for

stock has been widely discussed for

the past few years and the weight of

evidence is in favor of warming. The

water must be warmed 'in some way.

It is only a question of whether it shall

be warmed by the animals themselves.



The expense may prevent some cat-

tle owners from warming water, but

it is an open question whether the feed





saved would not much more than pay -





 





and ‘





doubt it is on the 1:11

quarters, wholesome feed and warmed‘

water.



In these days of high piiced pro-

ducts it certainly pays the fainier,





whether he produces these products 011

a large or small scale, to make the

most, out of his capital invested, both

in dairy and beef stock. The days of

scrub cattle have nearly passed, and

for the saving of some added expense

in the management of the, dairy and

beef products no farmer can afford to

neglect the paying methods of the pres—

ent time.





Shiawassee C0. 1‘. H. M.





 





 





 





Instead of

Worrying





about the high co 0st of

living just buvapack-

age of





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





-.r





 





 

 





You can pay





as you like





but time that is correct to the dot.





They know it keeps accurate time.





“ The Timelzeeper ”





watches and watch-making.





 





side of wariir





 





Graqe-Nuls





——still sold at the same

fair price.



Enjoy a morning

dish of this delicious

food, and smile over

the fact that you’ve

had a good breakfast

and





Saved Money

Isn’t that a fair

start fer any day?





 





 





 





 





 





Dept. 66





 





 





 





as much or as little





but whatever amount you put into a

Hamilton, you get Hamilton accuracy

and durability. We do not manufacture

any watch that will not keep good time

'——not time a few minutes slow or fast,

That

is why the majority of railroad men in

America carry the Hamilton Watch.





Hamilton watches sell for $25.00, $28.00,

$40.00 and so on up to $150.00 for the

Hamilton Masterpiece in 18k extra heavy

gold case. You can get a Hamilton move-

ment alone to fit your present watch case

for $12.25 ($13.00 in Canada) and up.





Write for Hamilton Watch Boole





It tells you a lot of interesting things about

In it, also, are pic-

tured and described all the Hamilton models.





HAMILTON WATCH COMPANY





Lancaster, Pennsylvania





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





1 '1





 

 





Engineer Wallace Bailey

of ” The Congressional

Limited," Pennsylvania

Railroad, one of the thou-

sands of railroad men who

carry Hamilton Watches.





   

   

   

   





 





   





 





 





 





 





 





GRIND 150 BU. PER HOUR





Bowsher Mills often redm e the

cost of grinding 011c-.l1alf

'Ihal‘ s hcc ause they are light

running with perfect conical shape

grinders. different from all others.





 

 

   

   

 

 





 





(Sold will: or without elevator)





Crush ear corn (with or without

shucks'. and Grlnd all kinds of small

grains Handv to operate. 10 sizes—



to 25 H I’ Also sweep grinders.





FREE gisnd for folder on values é





feed. and manurea. v





one. Bomber Co. . 5311 11.1.1. 111.





 

   

 

   

   

 

 





 





   

 

 

 





J Don’t waste your rain.

“ . Don' t throw it over the ence.



for the stock to lose one- -fiftl1

, of it. Everyone knows that





A Let: Grinder Saves 20%





Grinds all grain and forage crops—cob corn with or

without husk, alfalfa, clover, millet seed. even out

hulls—fine usdust' in one grindmg. One set of Letz

self- sharpening self— a-ligmn%. sllent runnlng plates

grinds mm to 3000 bushels utwcar 3 to 6 sets ordi-



lates Saving in plates Bsooknfpays for grinder.



ays free trial. Feeding



LETZ MANUFACTURING COMPANY





210 ”Sim! CROWN POINT. INDIANA





511- P. $7495

' I





 





 





 





 





Twelve other sizes from 1%

t022 our choice of

Hit and PMisYs or Throttle





 





 

 

 





build engines to suit on, not

what 15 cheapest an easiest

lto bll‘IldP.‘ Over a. giant-tor mil-



lion in use. perate on

Kerosene or Gasoline Longest sold direct to the user.

Guarantood 10 your... 3 months trial. Write today

for New Engine Book and money-saving prices.



OTTAWA MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

1363 King Biro“. Ottawa, Kan-no.





 





Tag your stock~best and cheapest means of

identification for Hogs Sheep and Cattle.

d number





flame, dress an stamped on tags.

cats] 0g and sample: no. on request.

F. I. Inroh‘Go-. 263 W. Hun 8|. Chicago





 





 





The new patented Notionai Aluminum Shoes “on

all nchlng dustoni or rubbing ol loot. UAIA



3 TEE to prolect your ealtha nd save money by out-

wearinx several pain of kind you now use. Water-prod.

rust- -proof.

" ble lit fine. easy to walk 11. Keep



l . Ea any to clean.



Ialll u eam! stick to solo.

e. liable leather

to I3. .6 o 16 in. “‘12.

were, aanytime. Spec" I



'I’ION





break- proof. ll ht. comfort--

our

now





 





 





Ito renew if!

AND SATISFAe

NEV BACK.





lryou'l





Racine. Wis. your on

home





National Aluminum Shoe Co.

Dept 40.





 





 





 

 

 





Grind com and cobs feed,

tz'hlc 1111111 and alfalfa.





\\ ()1. the 111: irkct 50 y cars.

l Hand! and 0power. 23 style 9.6

w”; $38010 $40 FREE TRIAL.





 

 

 

 





Write for catalo and farm

7 machinery bargain liook.

THE A W. STRAUB CO.

. Deal 0 3727- 3731 filter! St ,Philldclphio

- " Biol. FERN-$703 s. Alhllnd Ave.. Chicago





DEHORNING SNIPS- LOSS





Cattle with horns are danger-

ous and a constant menace to

persons and to other cattle. De-

horn quickly and easily with a





KEYSTONE DEHORNJER





Alli over; in 2m1fnt1fea No! a harsh me lhod. A

can ccnn cu ousgiu- moiemilk eta-o

make better he of St. ml {1 r trl- n l oohlet. re





M T. Pliillius Bu: 1 3.1“. anemv Pa.





 





   

   

   

   

 





 

 

 

   

   





 





1:5; .

:1:

c:

4

0





 





BY 01“! IIA‘N. “’1; KING 01" THE WOODS. Save: money lull

backache. Send for I'IIEE (dialog No. B 445hnuing‘ low pflc.

and latest improvements. First order gets agent y.





Folding Sawing Machine 00.. 161 West Harrison St. Chicago. Ill.





WANTED—MEN





Prep are as Firemen Brakemen.

Eloctr 0 Motor memT'rainPortero

(colore 1). Hundreds putto work—$6.3 t03150

a. moat. 11. No experience necessary. Mo 9

ya aintod 11 every tate.Send stamp or

ppllcutlon Blank. cute position wanted.





l.llallvay alumni. 74 lndlanapolland.





 





 





 





When writing to advertisers

please mention the Michi—

gan Farmer.
Let. the Silo .

j ‘ Buy the Auto





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





between the silo





will help to buy the





A Natco glazed hollow

the value of your corn





Used and endorsed by le





value of your farm.

Send for our Silo Catalog"





Nate!) Silo Wall' Note

perforated shell provrdmg

firm anchorage for





mom;- JointB Write today.





11115 Fulton Building

Pittsburgh, Pa.



23 Factories—Short Hauls—,



Prompt Shipment;





If your problem is to decide

better get the silo first.





never make the auto buy the silo.





cream or milk checks and reduced feed bills- Build a





. Natco Imperishable Silo

“The Silo That Lasts for Generations"





Stoutly reinforced with steel bands laid in mortar. Simple in de-

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resisting. Needs no painting—has no hoops to tighten.





FulIy guaranteed. Will greatly increase the cash





tt.e Farm] describing all kinds of farm build

ings built with Natco Hollow Tile

us what you re going to build

have many farm building plans to

submit, and will help you sblve

you: building problems. free





and the auto,

The silo

auto: but you can





tile silo Will add 40% to

crop. Results —bigger





ading Experiment Stations.





also our book, ' Nath on





Tell

We





 





‘ Nateo Silo and a Note. Hollow Tile

Barn mean permanent prosperity





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





thousand are now in use.

standing, still in excellent

- definite years to come.



A large per cent of our





These men could have





«(421‘ The cost of all material





more next spring or summer.

Lot no lend you our proposition—to oon





Why not save money by contracting for your silo now.





Thousands of farmers in all parts of the United States have put the

Indiana Silo to the test of service during the past fourteen years.





Fifty

The first lndiana Silos ever erected are still

condition and still apparently good for in-





1916 sales were made to farmers who were





already using Indiana Silos. Many of these repeat orders came from

the owners of the finest farms in America—from the largest and most

successful breeders and feeders everywhere.





bought any silo at any price—they buy the





best of eveything—thats why they continue to buy Indiana Silos.

If you are going to buy a silo—this satisfactory service rendered

everywhere—should he of special interest to you.





s is advancing like the price of wheat and corn-

lt undouhtly will cost you





trnot now for your oil. and deliver it later.





We still have oponindu for n limited number of farmer aunts.





INDIANA





552 Union Building. ANDERSON. IND.

532 Exchange Bldg. . KANSAS ClTY. MO.





SILO CO.





F62 lndiana Building, DES MOINES, IOWA

582 Live Stock Exch. Bld¢.. FT. WORTH. TEXAS





 





 

 

 





Upward





Thousands





brand new. we

cleaned, perfect

16.95. Skims





picture, which illustrates our low priced, large capa





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Whether dairy is large or small, or if you ave separator of any make to exchange, do not

fail to get our great. offer. Our richly illustrated catalog, sent free on request, is a most

' g book on cream separators. _ Western orders filled Qrpm

Write today or catalog and see our big money saying proposition.





American Separator Co., Box 1061 , Bainbridge. N. Y.





complete, elaborate anilinterestm

,Wootorn pointer





95 Sent on Trial





SEPARATOR





tifies investigating our wonderful offer:_ a

ll made, easy running. eaSIly





akes thick or thin cream. Different from





 

 





Cream





giving splendid

satisfaction ms-





in Use





skimming separator only

warm or cold milk closely.





Bowl is a un- -





city machines.

lute Guarantee





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





mime





Write '_





I

[GDV‘T Pusrrmus





llaar‘n $771 to 3l50 monthly at once Rapid i

\pl‘mnotion. Easy work. Short hon rs. l5 and ‘ g

3.011337 vacations. full pny. Lifetime posi- ‘

trons. No strikes, no "lay-035. " no ”sift"! ‘

bosses" no pull needed. Ordinary educa-

tion suflicrent. American citizens 18 or over

eligible no matter where you

III Ink Ff“ live. Qur Book tells about Rail-

———- wayMail, Post (Milne, Panam

Canal. Custom Horne and many other Gov t positions. Tolls

how to prepare for examinations under supervision of former

U. S. Civil Service Sec’y-Examiner. Write today—postal will do.

Address PATTERSON CIVIL luV”! SOHO“.

231 New. Infldlng. - . Ioohutor. low You-It





SUPER-10R SlLOS





Sold on guarantee. Shipped on approval. Pay for

the file after you have inspected it at the car. Prices

for January orders: ‘11:. noon Fi r. clear one piece

gave 3108' 10:32 Redwood. clear two niece stave 3183. '



ehvorod', 200 rats points. Write for other sizes.





 





 





 





 





‘stno SUPPLY 00;. -. - ' “Am!“ OHIO





apd I w'l send you



his new 1917 Bugs; .



9nd girl. You W) I be tnterested

in t e 1 lot:





By W. F.

ET us see what butter-fat will cost

on the farm under present con-

ditions.



.True, there is a great deal of differ-

ence in the cost of butter-fat due to

conditions other than the price of

feeds consumed. The individual cow,

the care of the herd, the length of time

the cows have been in milk, and yet

other causes, vary the cost of dairy

products. But we shall make our esti-

mate by using just an average cow as

an illustration.



If she is producing a pound of fat

daily she will eat 35 pounds of ensi-

lage, 10 pounds of hay and from eight

to 10 pounds of grain, depending upon

what kind of grain is fed, and the va-

riety of hay consumed. If alfalfa is

fed, she will get along with less grain,

but not much less if she has but 10

pounds of hay.



The Cost of Feeds.



Considering the price of corn, ensi-

lage is worth $5.00 a ton this season,

her ensilage will be worth 7.6 cents,

10 pounds of hay will be worth five

cents. and 10 pounds of grain will be

worth 25 cents. . ’



This brings the raw material out of

which a pound of butter-fat is to be

made, up to 36.6 cents. But this is not

all. Every farmer who keeps cows

realizes what it means to him in labor

that must be done on time and will not,

wait. Then there is the overhead ex-

pense, and the large number of cows

raised by nearly all dair-ymen thaL‘do

not make good, and have.to be slaugh-

tered or passed on to someone else.

providing the owner has 101'g0tten

“The Golden Rule.” Then there is the

danger of accident. A little while ago

I sold a pure-bred Jersey to a neighbor.

The last day she ran on pasture, she

tried to get through between two barb-

ed wires Lhal, were too close together.

She got through, but. now one teat re-

fuses to retain the milk, and she is out

of it. Three-quarters of a cow is not

enough nowadays.



The Income.



Looking at the other side, a cow that

will make a pound of fat in a day will

usually give from five to 10 cents

worth of skim-milk. Then the fertilizer

is worth something. But if we let the

manure and the skim-milk balance the

labor we shall not get a bit, too much

for our work. Thus it will be seen

that even at 40 cents a pound butler-

fat is not too high.



I have said 40 cents per pound. As

a ”matter of fact, it is worth more in

some localities, and less in others, ac-

cording to the way in which it is

marketed.



Our creams-1w paid its patrons forty-

three and a. fraction cents. l'or Novem-

ber fat, and will probably pay about

41 cents for the December product if

prices do not go any lower Illan'lhe)’

are at this writing, Deccmbbr 18.



The Average Cost Hard to Learn.



It is very hard to say from present

knowledge just what the average cost

01' butler-fat, is. We know what the

feed is worth, but we do not know as.

much about the necessary labor, or

rather the actual labor expended, as

we might. We have said at the outset

that the labor might be balanced by

the manure and the skim-milk, but if

the herd is to receive the kind and

amount of care necessary to the pro-

duction of a high quality of cream or

milk these byproducts will not. pay for

the labor. In many cases they un-

doubtedly will, for the cows are neg-

lected, and the cream is not properly

cared for. But the disadvantages inci-

dent to such cream must be overcome

by the product, of dairies where better

methods prevail, even though these

better dairymen do not, produce quite

as economically as those who are slack

in their methods. ‘ .



A little while ago the writer was in

the northern part of" the lower penin-

sula where pastures were “the best





 





 





ever,” and met some.people who were





 





\1'





‘ The cost or Butane





 





TAYLOR





shipping their cream to a distant

creamery through a local dealer in the

town. ’

An Advantage to Producers of

, inferior Grades.



The cows were doing well, the own-

ers were encouraged and were deliver-

ing their cream in the very best of

condition. As I considered the high

quality of that cream, I could not help

thinking how fortunate were some oth-

er people whom I knew who were fur-

nishing cream of very inferior quality,

to have that, fine sweet cream deliver-

ed to the dealer the same day. It sim-

ply made it possible for the dealer to

handle their inferior stock. True, he

paid‘ both of them the same price,

which was not right, and we must ad-

mit that the slack dazryman made the

most money, and. again it might not,

for slack methods always lead to loss

in one way or another, but in any case

I would rather be the producer of the

article that is right.





But coming back to our question

about the value of the manure and the

skim-milk, as against that of the labor,

few of us have figured much on our

labor in caring for cows.



The Payment for Labor.



“’9 have done a lot of this work af-

ter supper and before breakfast. No

one goes to the field to work before

breakfast, and few go back after sup-

per, so if we can, milk cows and get

anything for- it we are just so much

ahead.



And then, too, there are our wives,

our sons and daughters—they can

help. The)" are going to be with us

anyway, and so we don’t count the

hours and hours of labor performed by

them each. week.



To sum it all up, taking care of

cows, feeding calves and pigs, and a

lot more things we do’on the farm, are

not, work, they are only chores, and of

course we charge nothing for doing

chores. As far back as the record goes

our family has done chores, and What

they ever got lor It will probably not:

be known.



Overhead Charges.



And then there is the cost of the

burn, the expense of the cow stable

with its modern fixrures which enable

us to save some labor and which help

in the furnishing of a clean product.

\Vc have not figured their cost in esti-

mating the value of a pound of butter-

I'at. Why should we? Everybody who





keeps cows must have a barn and a.





stable. Who would want, to live on a

farm without a barn? We simply must

have barns and the finer they are, the

more they will.add to our prestige in

the community so why should we fig-

ure in the cost of stables and of equip-

ment generally '



I imagine this is just about the way

in which the average man has looked

at this matter in the past, providing

he has given it any thought at all. But.

really, reader, are not chores work?

Have we not. a right, to charge up the

hours of labor performed by ourselves

and others of our household in caring

for our herds and consider lhat charge

in ascertaining the cost, of dairy pro-

ducts and should we not carefully con-

sider the value of our equipment in

stables, and the. fixtures that pertain

to them, in milk cans, in pails and sep-

arators, and should we not, allow intel-

ligently for depreciation in each in-

stance? Are we getting down too fine?

I am sure. we are not.





The Cost of. Pasture.



In estimating the value, or rather

the cost of a. pound of butter-fat in

summer we are apt, to be equally in-

accurate. Take, for instance, the mat-

ter of pasture. Who knows what pas-

ture is worth? If the land is not fit for

cultivation, and there is no other use

we can make of it, then we may esti-





mate its value for purposes of pasture.





with more accuracy. But if the land is





tillable and is worth from fifty to one,





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





i? if ‘
hundred dollars "an acre our pasture is

going to cost us heavily.





is apt to, be overlooked is the fence.



We buy a good wovenwire fence from



the profits of last year, stretch. it



, around our pasture field and forget it.



‘ Should someone happen to suggest



that its value should be considered in



figuring the cost of summer butter, we



are apt to say, “Never mind that. My



fence is paid for. I bought that last



year, and I didn’t go in debt for it.”



We forgetthat it will be worth less



and less each year, and that some day



.‘ " not far away we shall have to build a



new one from the profits of some other



year, or if there are no profits, we



shall have to run in debt for it. The



average life of a good wovenwire fence



is about twelve years, and we should

figure the depreciation accordingly.



Other Possible Costs.



But I have mentioned the matter of

accident, and the even more important

matter of the non-paying cows that

are sure to come along in spite of all

we can do. Tuberculosis, contagious

abortion, and some other troubles not

quite as bad are common enough to be

considered as possible, at least, in ev-

ery dairy. They are more serious than

they would be, if proper precautions





 





An item in the cost of pasture which ~





QUANTITY OF FEED IMPORTANT

‘ FOR WINTERING DAIRY cows.





Quantity of feed ranks next to the

kind of feed in dairy rations; Econom-

ical feeding demands that cows be fed

as individuals, not as a herd. Too fre-

quently each. cow in‘a herd is fed the

same amount of grain, regardless of

how much milk she is producing. By

this practice some cows will be under-

fed, while others will be overfed.



It should be understood that an ani-

mal always uses a certain amount of

the food it receives to maintain the

body. This is the first use to which

the food is put, and is called the ration

of maintenance. This amount of milk

is required by the animal whether or

not she is producing milk. All feed

above this amount is used for milk

production, or is stored on the body of

the animal as fat. In the case of the

young animal part of this excess is

used for growth.



Under Feeding Common.



0f the two mistakes made in feeding,

perhaps underfeeding is most common,

according to C. H. Eckles, of the Mis-

souri College of Agriculture. It is a

serious mistake to feed a cow only

enough to keep up her body. She





 





 





 





Well-bred Cows well Fed Are





were taken, but it, will be a long time

before they may be overlooked when

we estimate the cost of dairy products.



Depreciation of the cop's in the herd

is another matter that the average

man does not fully realize. We can

figure this out fairly accurately for

ourselves if we think back over the

years. Let us see. How long have we

milked the cows now in our herd? How

old are the oldest ones? How much

are our best cows worth and what are

we likely to get for them when we can

no longer milk them with profit?



How many are We likely to have

that are so poor that we shall want to

get rid of them as soon as we can? It

costs just as much to grow a heifer

into a cow that turns out badly as to

produce an animal that will give milk

at a splendid profit.



Investigations Furnish Information.



Very careful investigation has been

proceeding during the last year to as-

certain the cost of market milk in a

number of herds of different sizes and

conditions, and the results of these ex-

periments will be furnished by our Ag-

1 ricultural College. Like investigations

will be made concerning the cost of

butter-fat in herds kept for the produc-

tion of butter under ordinary -condi~

tions. When the results of this much

needed work are in the hands of the

public, we shall know more than we

now know about the profits of the

dairy business. '



However, we know enough already

to say with confidence that butter is

not a bit too high this winter, and that

considering all the conditions the av-

erage dairyman will produce it at a

loss if he is obliged to take much less

for it.





i?





'4





 





 





The annual convention of the Michi-

gan Dairymen’s Association and auxil-

lary organizations, will be held at the

Armory, Detroit, Mich, March 6, 19l7,

- and will continue three days. For in-

. formation jwrite Geo.“ H. Brownell, Sec-



“ "1 Later .ette





 

 





 

 

 





Blvd-., Detroit.





 





Essentials of Good Production.





must receive feed to keep her milk pro-

duction up to capacity. It‘ a cow loses

weight, while in milk, she is not re-

ceiving sufficient food. A good cow,

if not fed enough, will produce milk

for a time at the expense of her body;

that is, she will take the surplus flesh

from her body, and convert it into milk

and thereby lose live weight. On the

other hand, when a cow is overfed she

will begin to fatten in a short time.

This condition may be corrected by

giving her only the amount she needs

for maintenance and for milk produc-

tion. Such feeding will maintain prac-

tically a uniform weight. .



Roughness is the first important con-

sideration in feeding cows. A cow is

not. contented unless her stomach is

full. She should always have all the

roughness that she will clean up and

then the amount of grain she receives

should be regulated by the amount of

milk produced. A dry cow in good con-

dition should be fed roughness only,

and does not need any grain. In feed-

ing grain to milk-producing cows, the

following rule may be used, and is

found to work fairly well: Feed one

pound of grain for each three pounds

or pints of milk produced. A Jersey

cow producing very rich milk may need

a little more grain than the amount

given.





GOOD CARE INCREASES PRODUC-

TION.





One cow at the Ohio Station when

given extra feed and care produced 80

per cent more milk- and 67 per cent

more butter-fat than in previous years.

This increase was produced at 77 cents

less per 100 pounds milk and 29 cents

per pound of butter-fat. Another cow

gave 87 percent more milk and 80 per

cent more butter-fat-than in former

years. Her increase cost 57 cents less

per 100 pounds of milk and 15 cents





,- THE ‘MIC H iG-AN’





   





a. :

i





FARMER





[MTE Hm 0N T





l t



h, lTl ~ _ within an hour of

i l a sailing time. I was on my way home

7&4, . from_Europe five yearn ago. The Mauretania lay

beside her Liverpool wharf. Everybody was hurrying to



get. on, as we were to soil at live o'clock. Suddenly. with-

out warning—Without a propeller turn ing—she commenced to

pul. away from her moorings. The gang planks crooked-broke loose--

and there was quite a commotion as the mighty Mauretonia tore loose

from her moorings and floated out into the wear.





   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





til ,

with!





' _ . It. was not a serious

occldenl. but it was exciting. In the excitement I met. a man leuii



over the rut! who .ooked at me and we laugh together. Then wej I

naturally col. oc uninted .ike people do when t ey are tmvcli . He was J. J. Berri-

an, 0 range . ., the famous creom_ sepmoor expert on Inventor. I had never



seen him elor‘e but I had heard of him. I told him I was from Waterloo, low:

and 0 Mid, You are Galloway." soon found out that he was the great



f . cream separator expert and a man I was very clad to meet. Naturally we be-



fl came very well acquainted. He told me what he had done in perfecting cream

{ 2 separltor patents and improvements. I told him he was just the man I was



. glad to get acquainted With. Alter the Mauro in been lashed to her

or! again the excitement won over and we pulled out of Liverpool several

hours Into- Berri n and I began to talk er in se orator. and every day after

V that we spent, several ouno together waiting. told r. Berri In that we were er-

.foctin what I thought was the eel: ere-m separator ever produce and I also told in:



~ 9 to Waterloo and got on the finishing touches, go over the separator oestit

‘ ' pay In t w days nfetecrogvld in"?! Filing? an pliahmlla émprovemg‘i’its, i would

-.. _ . .Ai: oonein ew r i . .

rm; oeplntor was one or the finest designs he had ever seen, and with the few recommend-tiara; whfiii‘iifindfieril? my;

:gusgwrtbgillfie.rn had as the out and better than math 31' the sepialrltors gm the market tad-y). Our en ineersc1 designers and



nos, aim . '

left out ‘1' the faults cc u p icity 0 construction. com ined all t e goo features and

a





 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





   





goduced a machine WW

. r. Berrizon common us on tho work and Immediately put his stamp 0! npprovnl upon this machine.





We Perfeoleil This Separator *





before we offered it ou‘ the market.





 





We put out. In the hands of farmers and





rymen enou h of these separators to know that. they would at d d

any test who! at operated and used in the kitchen, the milk honing:I thgpcg‘aigf 3'5

frign‘t’li :%é:':;:ihuael :53; (glare times per day, every dlaya week after eek, Ih.

. ' YOU TO TRY i‘r. -

don't send . We pay freight both wn Ilf i310u | o ‘t' buy it. I on 1‘? 5'2.





i . s. n i; ll



Sepziog: inuzolgazdfii: I lily it“?! yotu than: 'nt’fvord' to mg! 13?; otheivkl:d.s.rdfiltrfl

no 8. cou no a r . t - '



end I could not nflord to guarantee it fat; mn°y'2§.':. a not: day tn” oflor





"





I 9:90

Buy Direol--Save MOIIOY , tin—s» ..

Try a Galloway Sanitary cream separator for ninetv dn 5. \l‘ I

Stand it side .b ride with cheaper machines and‘youy . 94‘“

Will see the d]. erence in material and workmanship, “a" u '

design and skimming qualities. Stand it beside the 5° o e "‘9”





low strong, sim-

) pie, sanitary parts.

Easy to wash clean-mo

roughed es--noshnrp

corners. ' owl catches

any foreign matter in

the milk. Only two

shafts in the whole

gearing-moth of

igh-carbop ateel.in

long, eriectly lit-

ted arings. All

gear sh at t: and

both bowl spindle

bearings supported

by one casting-—the

gear case. All the

working parts run

spray of oil. Sim-

ple, effective driv-

mg clutch on ciank

shaft.





4 Good Sizes

From 375 to





highest priced machines, to“ "non old. by side tor montho. _ .

Higher priced machines Will not run any easier or skim any \

closer.con’t be more perfectly sanitary nor better built. I want "





You In Bead 111i: Book \





It tells the story of how we took four years to (18$! ‘nnd



iect this separator, to build into it every 00d creomgn por-

separator featureand retain Its beautifu propor- ( M"

tions. . How we did not build it down to a price, “kg...

but built it.“ too high standard in our own 1”

factories ri t here in Waterloo. It tells how c.

we build Go away Sanitary Separators from the ground up,

how they are designed. and many other separator secrets and facts.





cI-iocK FULL oi DAIRY wusoom ”I

H





_ Ameaty, exact concise. truthful book about cream

separators. engines, tractors, spreaders and other

mdso. Why by selling direct I can make a machine

- good or better than many high-priced separators ,‘

through other systems. That’s why I want you

toget this book. It tells the whole story. it tells

the truth. It. tells the facts. Ask for it today. A

\ postal get5it. Mention separators in writing.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





WM. GALLOWAV, Pres. 95" ""3.- “5'"

\wm- GALLOWAY co. | WW"-

183 Galloway Stoilon In -«..



WATERLOO IOWA " m. "I; It





.. and





Cream Separator Mfg. Specialists





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





20'

5114'





Will Solve Your Silo Problems





They’re built to meet the exacting farmcrs’ necdsrd

are the best in dCSlgll, material and workmanship—-

combining every dcsn'ablc feature a SllO should have





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





and embodying the “know how” acquired thro-

more than twenty years experience in SllO butlcxtg. T

' ' IIEIII

1 Glazed Tile $1105 "at

This construction is fire—proof, frost—proo f,s.tor'm—prcoi , [Lg]!

decay-proof, vermin—proof. Galvanized i‘L'Ill'lOl‘Clllg. Rt'- “Ell

quires nopain t, no upkeep expense or repairs. I‘ll‘St cost Ell

.. is the lastcost—-a written guarantee goes With every one. “ETII

o “—'

"E:

Wood Stave Silos t it:

Your choice of four time-defying woods. Tthulamazoo is the only factory E

where this outfitis manufactured complete from the raw material to the hmshul 1'3"

- - i q ,- ~, , l b , l|=l

product. Our SllOS are QUICKly and easny erected by inCXpCrlLllCtd home a o. . :—

All Kalamazoo Silos are made with Galvanized Steel Door Frames, contin-'

uous doors, forming safe ladder entire height of Silo.





Write today for our free descriptive booklet. and early sales plan.

KALAMAZOQ IwK 8: 511.0 COMPANY, Dept. 100 Kalamazoo, Mich.





 





W A Monument to a Man's Good Judgement—A _





B. V. T. SILO





It is the most necessary, most permanent, best lookingimpi-ove—

mentyou can build on your farm. It will preserve your silage

in the best of condition year after year. When you want to

sell your farm it will be a big inducement to the buyer.





Built of Tile Made From finest Clay in the World





Our Brazil fire clay makes the hardest, most. durable and non-porous vitrified tile

in the world. L'ocd exclusively in B. V. T. Silos.. These tile will not crack or chip

ofl’. Absolutely impervious to moisture and air. It in weather-

:proof‘, frost resisting, enduring. Triple air spaces and

’ a Interlocking mortar joints insure an air-tight

'i. . silo.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 





Much of value in free Silo Book (,3,





. Brazil Hollow Brick 8: Tile (:0.

Brazil, Ind.





 





 

 





   

 

 

 





   

 





 





W“;-

‘-‘





.. »- , - ~ .- -:.. ”WW—‘3“ ’

.//~j‘~_,t‘v‘;’<~‘z "‘ 3‘ “.~/,

&$:>L:§fim.fl;7 g- ‘ 2...



v 4’ ."



4' w 4 _.'





—_





3-5,— -





   

 

 





 





f A _ m", - “

V1315”: ._.





_~.__._





 





 





   

 





 





 





less per pound of butter-fat.





   

   

 





   

 

 

 

 





 

 





Iuyo tho Nowjuflol- .,



"er. No.3. Lightrunning, ,. 3

easy cleaning. close akim-

mmg,durnble. Guaranteed

nligotimo. Skims 95 uni-til





Un‘IIy $2 How

One ear to Pay!“ \

$24





0 n. E"...

noon”:- in fmrdfiérléaé‘gyzsfi

II

. I ‘ —, fiery? .

E"; .12... ”amass... .13.;





ALBWGH-DOVER co. “3’

8165. Much-ll llvd. CHICAGO





   





Let us send this fine Razor {oi-80 day: free trial. When

autisfi after using. send $1.85 or return razor. rder

Today. JONES ”F0. 00.. Dept. 127 OHIOAGO. ILL.

, , , send Inmnle and full portion-

rite to «dine on rent you.





Inn. W .

LAKE SHORE ST ONE COMPANY. _

Kuokocon. Mich. and South Haven. mob





 





   





Pulvorired limelrock for “sour"

soils. Write for tII.OW PRIO
’1' TH" E > M’ rc H’II'G AN FA RrM ER"





Farm Building! and 1,200,!" Block 8.70 on 1/15 Propm'ly of (Lia/la: (Io/(mm), [1}]3'711’, 117.





You Can Expect More From Goodyears





There probably is no product built more

independently than Goodyear Tires.





What their competitors are doing, what the

condition of the market is, what appears the

expedient thing, concern them not at all.





They are made to no pattern save their own

—-Which is the most eHicrent model we have





been able to discover.





They are concerned with no other aflair than

to serve to the fullest extent a tire may serve.





Their quality is definite, uniform and un-

usual, regardless of outside conditions.





We simply go on making them month after

month along the plan originally laid down:

that Goodyear Tires shall be as good as the

finest materials and the greatest care can make

them——trying to improve them where that is

possible, but never for an instant permitting

them to recede from the high standard first

conceived.





It happens that the prices on Goodyear

Tires are very moderate—but do not buy

them solely on this account.





Buy them because you expect more in tire





I





value, in tire goodness, in tire endurance —-—in

miles, comfort and security.





Buy them. because you expect more in

satisfaction, in untroubled travel, in plain





, usefulness.





They’ll deliver-they’ re built to deliver just

such a return on your investment.





. There is a Goodyear Service Station Dealer

in, your neighborhood—buy them from him.





He’s trained, and ready to do more than

Just sell you these tires—he’s eager to help

you get out of them the last mile we put in.





While you’re in his place, ask him about

Goodyear Tubes. They’re éez‘ter tubes than

you're used to. They’re the right kind of a

tube to put inside your casing if you want it

to deliver its maximum mileage.





And ask him about the Goodyear Tire-

Saver Kit, also. Everything you will ever

need to repair any tire accident short of com—

plete ruin is wrapped up in it—it’s the only

package containing all essential first—aids—to-

tires. Its cost is insignificant, when you con—

stder the peace of mind it will bring yOu.





The Goodyear Tire 8C Rubber Co., Akron, 0.





Goodyear Tz'rc’r, Hang! T aurz'rt T uéer and “ T ire Sawr”Acce.rmrsz

are wry to get from Goodyear Samara Station Dad/err everyw/zere.
. . LITERATURE”

;g“ POETRY

HISTORY «ma 2.:

INFORMATION





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





E 1171: r‘ARM BOY

"" «ma GiRL _,_

E! 1 screwing: one 111

E! MECHANICAL





 





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms a part of our paper every weeli





 





 





AS’I‘ winter all birQ lovers, some

L abOut- to- be bird lavers, and a



host 01‘ too- -young to- be bird lov-

er‘sgot busy with saw and hammer and

constructed what each thought to best

model bird house. The object of all

this labor was, of' course, the produc-

tion of something to which the return-

ing song birdsw‘ould be attracted and

in which they would nest. Such inten—

tions are worthy of the highest praise.

In most cases the birds iesponded to

the attraction and all concerned were

pleased.



On the other hand,111a11y an embrVo

ornithologist made efforts that were

more vigorous than wise. Better luck

to this fellow next time—after he has





ll”!!!I!!!|EE!!l!!!!!!!!!!!!l!!!!!!!|!|EEEEEEIEEE !!!EEE!!"!|EEE!E||'” !1 IEEEEEE E11'11EEEIEEI'EEE'I”!!!’





 





Winter Birds

By V. E





learned -to place his bird house where

thecat can not get at it or to, build a

wren-house with a door 100 small for

the troublesome English sparrow to

enter. But even if hendid‘ not succeed

with his bird house he has reason to

be proud of the factthat he tried. At

least the house was “doubtlessly orna—

mental and it certainly stoodout as a

conspicuous Sign {of thoughtfulness and

generosity on the part of its creator.

All that, ho“ eVer happened last,

sp1i11g.By this time the bitd house is





EE'EEIEEIIEEEEEi :E!!!!|!!!!!!!I!l!!E!EE!!!!!!!1‘!|!!!!l!|!!!|1'!lE!!!Hit!!!111‘1!‘!EEE!1!1EH!!!l!1!!1!!'!t!!!!EI!!!!!|!!!!!!!!!!l!!!!!!!!!!|I'!!! EIE!!!!E!!!!El!!!|!!l!!!!!|!!!!!!!!!!!!!'EEEEEEIH'11‘1-"!.!::EE'1”"‘.‘:'I."”‘ !' 7,111:





1._7_.,< __.J_,m 1.





on the Farm

LCROY





largely forgotten. Maybe it is full of

ice and snow. Maybe some pestit‘erous

red squirrel has turned it into winter

quarters for himself. Most of the

birds have gone to southern lands to

wait for the coming of-another spring.

But not all have gone by any means.

There are still thousands at them with

us and they will stay through all 1he

winter wind and snow because it 15

not the cold weather in itself that the

birds dislike, but something else that

is far more dangerous to their Lives.





11::1 1111 11111111.:





Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere





BVerV boV 11110sz \ hat the wmter

VV eatlier does to his. appetite. This par-

ticular winter eveiy father knOWS

what the winter—is doing to the food

supply. Similar conditions have to be

met by all living (11eatures.A bird

VVhose appetite calls tor insects chiefly

has, to say the least, :1 hard job get.—

ting e1-101gh to eat in .the winter

months. There 211‘e.,lio_\avever,' many

birds whose appetite..< are not govern—

110 by such strict, rule->1. "NV/hat they eat,

depends largely on what, they can get.

1’11 the Winter her will eat'VOraciously

of stuff that they \V‘oultl'pOt notice in;

the summer. Such a '1:ait is no doubt!

a happy one. Maybe it goes far to ex—



(Continued or. 11,; "e 42).



1111.11111311, " - ' "11:will!!!E!!!!|!!!!!I|HIII!EE!!tliEi::!lEEE|!1!l





EEEEEEE E11 “I





WORLD E E,TS IN PICTURES





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Mortar they have Captured in“ a l-lard Fight.





French Mayor Binding the Wounds of a German Scdier.





 





French Plane is Directed Home by Powerful Searchlights.





 





 





‘Huge German Shell which Landed Un exploded in Trench on

1 Copyright. by Underwood d Underwood, New York
INTENTIONAL SECOND EXPOSURE





36 12





 





 





 





 





 





 





Farm l)’//f/',/'j;,-\. 1,: 1' ”VII/w; [HI/rt 5,70 on Mr P/ [v ‘.2 ‘ V ('zi'i'm/m) Nil w ‘





You Can Expect More From Goodyears





’l‘here prohalily is no produet l>uilt more





independently than (ioodyear 'l‘ires.





\Vhat their eompetitors are doing what the





h‘

eondition ol the market is, what appears the

e\pedient thing, eoneern them not at all.



They are made to no pattern sai'e theiron'n

-\yhieh is the itinst ellieient model We. ltitVL‘

heen ahle to tll»t‘4$\“e‘5'.





They are eoneerned \\'ith noother aliair than

to set‘\ e to the tullest extent a tire may serye.





'l‘heir quality is delinite, uniform and un—

usual, regardless ol’ outside conditions.





\\esimpl_\. goon malxing them month alter

month along the plan originally laid down:

that (lood). ea r 'liires shall he as good as the

linest materials and the greatest eai‘e t‘au make

them trying to imprme them where that is

possihle, hut nei‘er tor an instant permitting

them to reeede from the high standard lirst

eoneeued.





It happens that the priees on (loodyear

'I‘ires are \ery I’noderate—lmt do not buy

them solely on this amount.





Buy them heeause you expeet more in tire





\alue, in tire goodness, in tire enduranee “in

miles, comfort and security.





Buy them because you expeet more in

satisfaction, in untrouhled trend, in plain

usefulness.





They’ll deliver—they‘re huilt to deli‘. er inst

sueh a return on your investment.





There is a (ioodyear Seryiee Station Dealer

in your neighborhood“huy them from him.





He’s trained and ready to do more than

just sell you these Iil‘L‘s'“’ he’s eager to help

you get out of them the last mile, we put in.



While you’re in his plaee, ask him about

(loodyear 'l‘uhes. 'l‘hey‘re /2t'//t‘/' tuhes than

you’re used to. ’l‘hey’re the right l\li‘.tl ol‘ a

tul)e to put inside your easing it. you want it

to deliver its maximum milea





gt

(





And ask him about the ioodyear Tire—4

Saver Kit, also. Everything you will ever

need to repair any tire aeeident short. of eom—

nlete ruin is wrapped up in it"s—it’s the only

paeltage eontaining (/// essential first—aids—to—

tires. lts eost is insignificant, when you eon—

S‘tlel‘ the peaee of mind it will hring you.





The (loodye a r The s Ruhher (1o., .\l\ron, O.





Com/year Tina, Ila/i} Tour/3f TH/A'tmu/ “1722' Suit?”r/(‘tixiu‘or/i'r

an) (my f0 are! WWI/z (low/year Sat/re Salt/on Hell/wry e-L‘tvfl'tt/Itvw.
LITERATURE 1

: POETRY 1



HISTORY ana

INFORMATION 1





 





 





 





,,__,_,,,,4 2:3:





1‘ ‘Ihe FARM BOY

an? GIRL

SCIENTIFIC an?

MECHANICAL





 





 





 





This Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week





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Winter Birds

11,11- 11. F,





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Every article is written espeeiaiiy for it, and does net appear elsewhere





on the Farm

11ei{()\'





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111,1) EvENTS IN PICTURE





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Highlancerp 41 111: the





I‘flortar they have Captured in a Hard Fight.





 





'3'“





 





 





French Maym 1311111119 the \Nounds of a Germs“ :1 CW1.





 





French Piane i: Directed Home by Powezful Scare"





 





Huge German Shell which Landed Unexpioded in Trench C" Somme Front.





1,'_111*11j‘11 111 11.111 “1.11.111111'>1\\-11.1:. ‘111v111111
38—14





H I G;AN"FA'P§ ME‘R ’





JKN; 43, 1317





 





 





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L d O’ N d S

an 0 tories.

g By HOWARD T. KNAPP g

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Frisky the Mischief Maker





HE White Forest was so still that

I ‘ Billy Be By Bo Bum could hear

even the smallest twigs whisper-

ing together as they nodded in the gen-

tle breeze, only of course, he could not

understand what they were saying. For

several'minutes he sat on top of the

stump fence that separated the Open

fields from the big woods, straining

his ears to catch the faintest sound

that would tell him that some of the

Little People ‘were stirring. But the

woods were as still as a school house

'in the middle of vacation, and Billy Be

L‘Iy Bo Bum was beginning to get lone-

some. So he puckered up his lips to

whistle, for. a merIy tune is always

bully good company, you know, but be-

lo1e he could utter a single note, a

frightful racket broke out at the other

end of the White Forest.





Billy was so startled by the sudden

' commotion that he tumbled over back-

wards into a snow’drift, but when he

scrambled to his feet he found that all

the racket was being made by Frisky,

the Red Squirrel.



“Something awful must have hap-

pened to Frisky,” said Billy as he rub-

bed the snow out of his eyes, “for nev-

er before did I hear him carry on like

this.”



“That shows you do not know Frisky

very well,” said Tinker Teedle Tee,

who just at that moment came flying

up and alighted on Billy‘s shoulder.



“Oh, what is the matter, Tinker?”

demanded Billy. “Is Frisky being mur-

dered?”



“Murdered? I should say not,” re—

plied the merry little elf. "‘There is

nothing at all the matter with Frisky





except his temper, which he has never





learned to control.”



“Why, I always thought Frisky was

the best natured fellow alive," said

Billy in surprise.



“That proves you don’t know the old

rascal," replied Tinker. “He has the

worst temper of any of the Little Peo-

ple. And that is not all, for in his

way, Frisky is as big a villain as Slink-

er the Weasel. He should be called

the Mischief Maker, because when he

is not robbing birds" nests or stealing

the winter store of nuts garnered by

his big cousin the Gray Squirrel, he

goes about the woods stirring up trou-

ble among the Little People. He is

never so happy as when he has suc-

ceeded in making trouble between

friends, and whenever you see two of

the Little People fighting, you are sure

to find Frisky in a nearby tree, chatter—

ing and chuckling in evil glee at the

mischief he has stirred up.



“From sheer meanness he will sneak

into the nest of the big Gray Squirrel

when Father and Mother Squirrel are

away and kill the babies. Then he will

hide and gloat over the sorrow of the

parents when they return home and

find their children murdered.”



“But tell me Tinker, how does it

come that such a little fellow as Frisky

has such an evil temper?” asked Billy

earnestly.



“Long, long ago, in the days when

Reynard the Fox ruled the White For-



Vest and all the Little Peeple who made

their homes in the woods, Frisky the

Red Squirrel was much larger than he

‘is now” replied Ti11ke1. “In fact, he

., was as big as old Stumpy Tail, the big

Black Bear. But his tempe1 was so

fierce and his disposition so altogether

bad that he was a terror to every fur-

,ry and feathered dweller of the woods.

All his thoughts were evil, and even in

his sleep he dreamed of new ways to

make life miserable for his neighbors.

:He was so big and strong that no one

dared dispute with him, for. with a sin-

gle‘blow of his powerful paw he could





     





crush the life from any bird or animal

that crossed his path.



“To make matters worse, he was

more bloodthirsty than Slinker the

Weasel, who kills merely for the love

of killing. As he stalked through the

forest he killed right and left for no

reason at all except that he was wick-

ed and cruel. As time went on he be-

came more and more savage, until at





last the Little People were threatened '





with destruction.





“So the Little People went to Rey-

nard the Fox and implored him to save

them, for things had come to such a

pass that unless something was done

at once, they would all fall victims of

Frisky’s rage.



“To save the Little People, Reynard

the Fox made Frisky much smaller, as

small as he is now. But unfortunately

Reynard forgot Frisky’s temper, which

remained as big and as bad as before.



“So now Frisky goes through the

woods with a small body and a great

temper, barking, scolding and quarrel—

ing. Since he cannot destroy in his

rage as before, he stirs up mischief

and leads the other animals on to de-

stroy each other.





“After you have listened to Frisky’s‘





scolding and quarreling and have seen

him going‘from nest to nest stealing

birds eggs or killing the poor, innocent

fledglings; or sneaking into the den of

his big cousin, the Gray Squirrel, while

the parents are away, and killing the

babies; or driving away his little cous-

in, the Chipmunk, to steal his winter

horde of nuts, or watching every fight

that goes on in the woods, then you

will understand while Frisky the Red

Squirrel, is called the Mischief Maker.”





 





E





ong. -

, Though carefully





:31!”IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII’IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIEIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE





“MlSttif 44” E. J.B1§ATH:¥





'THE BRAVE LITTLE MAID.





 





BY CORA A. MATSON DOLSON.

The little maid who worked for me,





Kept at her set task cheerily

With sweet, quaint hymn and love- lilt





'She wlhilegd -the hoursthe whole day





the blue-wreathed





p a e

From which the dear grandmother ate

Was washed and wiped and put in

place,

The silver mirrored back her face;

Nor was a trace of dust allowed

The kitchen shelf or grate to crowd,

Yet, past each task, that note of cheer

Rippled and floated soft and clear.





“You love to sing!” I said one day.



The tears came to those eyes of grey,



And, though the while the brave lips

smiled,



Her words betray ed a home- sick child:



“I think and think of everything,



But half forget them while I sing;



For, though you people all are kind,



It is my home I left behind, ,



But when I sing and sing, you see,



I do not think to lonesome be.’



She choked the tears with smiles, and

then





i Turned to her task and song again.





 





THE BAND.





 





BY “'ALTER G. DOTY.





When the band goes marching by,

Every player stepping high,





.Then the person's more than human





who won’t let his business lie,

Let it lie till by and by.

Ah, the piccolo’ s shrill cry

And the Umpha! Umpha! Umpha! of

the bass horn going by.





The drum major sure is some!



See his stick whirl round his thumb!



But to me the most impressive is the

man who pounds the drum—



Pounds the drum, the big bass drum



With its Bummer! Bummer! Bum!



Ah the solemn, stately grandeur of the

man who pounds the drum!





How I’ d love to hear the strain,



Full of pleasure and of pain,



Full of melody delicious, of the band

back home again!



Home again, back home again,



Back in boyhood’ 5 happy reign!



Ah, to hear the mellow music of the

hand back home again!





 





Ia.





a‘IIlIIII||IIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIII. I iIIII"III ii" I I: IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIII|I|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|IIIIIII||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII‘III'I‘I IIIIIIIIIII II. IE‘IIIII III IIIII”





She continued her journey, which

carried her upon a devious course, for

the shore was indented with many

small coves. Always she. bore in mind

Stoddard’s caution about getting lost.

She knew that so long as she clung to

the water’s edge she was safe from

that



“No hairpins and not even a rib-

hon!” she said in a- vexed tone as her

shining hair streamed about her face

and across her eyes for perhaps the

twentieth time. “I’m a sight!”



Soon becoming conscious of thirst,

she stepped close to the water, where

a shelving rock sloped gently. Drap-

ping to her knees and holding her hair

clear of the surface with one hand,

she bent forward, yet paused before

she drank. She had discovered a mir-

ror. Sadie was not vain; she was

merely feminine. She in'Spected her

image critically, then sighed.



“I’d like to fix up a little before he

sees me in daylight,” she murmured.

“But how can 1?”



Her survey completed, she drank

deeply, and afterward continued her

journey.



“Maybe I'd better be‘ turninflback,”

she said after she had fellowed far-

ther the winding shore. I’ve been

gone half an hour atleast, and he’ll

be mad if he wakes up and thinks I’m

lost. I mustn’t be no more trouble

than I can help.”



There was, however, a little point

just ahead, and Sadie wanted to see

what was beyond that. She reached it

after a scramble through a clump of





bushes, for the rocks dropped steeply-





here and drove her back‘ from the edge

of the water.

Standing on the tip of the point and





 





looking out across the lake, she be-

came aware of something familiar in

the landscape. The high bluff she had

noted from a camp was visible again

and so were the islands she had first

seen. Sadie considered this phenom-

enon for several minutes: then glanc-

ed towards the woods behind her.,Fifty

yards beyond she glimpsed the figure

of Stoddard, still prone on the earth.



“Huh!” she commented.



She hastened onward to the camp.

A loose stone, dislodged by her foot,

clattered down the rocky slope and

plunged into the lake. At the noise of

the splash Stoddard stirred, then sat

up, rubbing his eyes.



“Hello!” he called, as he saw Sadie.



“Good mornin’, ” she answered. “I’m

sorry I woke Vou up.”



He rose to his feet and went down

to the shore to join her.



“How long have you been up?” he

asked sleepily.



“Half an hour, maybe.”



“You should have called me.”



“I was waitin’ for the seven o’clock

whistle,” she said smiling.



“It’s long past that,” heassured her,

lookng upward at the sun. “It’s more

like nine o’clock. What have you been

doing?”



“I took a walk.”



“Trying to walk to the hotel all by

yourself?”



“We ain’t going .to‘ walk to the

hote ,” declared Sadie with a nod,



“How do you know?"



“’Cause we can’t. It’s a island.”





The information did not surprise '





him, save for its source.

at her 'inquiringly.‘

“I, started walkin’ in that direction,”





she explained, pointing, »-‘-‘and‘. I] kept





He looked





 





 





 





goi'n until I fetched\back Shem;





makes it a island, dOn’t it ?”





“It does if you followed the shore,”

he assented. “I was pretty sure it was

an island.”



“You didn’t say nothin’ about it last

night. ”



“No. Of course I wasn’t positive;

and there wasn’t any use worrying

you.” '





“Listen,” said Sadie in a tone half

chiding. “Don’t keep thinkin’ things

are going to, worry me. I ain’t the

worryin’ kind. Anything you got on

your mind you can shoot at me and I

won’t faint. You don’t have to hold

out nothing.” i '





“Seeing you’re already an explorer,”

he smiled. “I guess there’s not much

chance of holding out information. You

seem to get it ahead of me. What else

have you discovered?”





“Just trees and birds and fish and





things like that.” ’





He walked to the point, stood there





for a moment examining their narrow-

ed horizon, and returned with an an-





nouncement. '

“This is Pickerel Bay,” he said. “It





comes in from the east side of the

South Arm. That height you see over

there is Indian Ridge. .We’re miles

from the hotel. I’ll show you.”



He smoothed a spot on the ground

and tamed a rough map with the point

of a stick.



“The island is here,” he said, indicat-

ing it with a stone. “We’re abOut

three miles from the mouth of the bay.

We came farther than I thought. The

hotel is ’way round this point and

across the arm.” ‘



Sadie nodded as she followed his ex-

planation of the diagram.



“I’ve been in here often,” he added,

“but never camped on this island. You

found a little beach below, didn’t you?"



“That’s right.” V



.“I thought so. I know the island



now. Did you see anything that look-

ed like a camp.” '

. Sadie shook her head.



“It has been camped on, I know. But





' there may not have been anybody here





this season. I’ll have a look presently.

How are you feeling?”



“Oh, fine!”



Stoddard stretched until the muscles

in his shoulders cracked.



“My, but you’re full of kinks!” she

exclaimed.



“The sun’ll take them out.

does”



Stoddard’s inspection of Sadie by

daylight did not astonish him, yet it

chained his glance for a long time. For

the first time he sensed the true glory

of the cascade of bronze hair that fell

below her waist. As the wind stirred

it and wafted stray pennants across

the path of the sunlight they seemed

ready to burst into flame. The pink of

her cheeks and throat, shading softly

into ivoryiw'hite tints, was a master-

piece of coloring such as he had never

before seen. Sadie was an unspoiled

triumph'of Nature.



A compliment was on his lips but he

stifled it. To Kitty or Estelle it would

have ceme easily and as a matter of

course. With Sadie it was different. It

would be like paying some trivial

praise to a Phidian sculpture, or a

canvas by Titian. Mere compliments

were childish.



She was conscious of his survey and

a little confused, but not displeased.



“If I only had a comb!” she sighed,





It always





again reverting to her sorest trouble.





“I think it’s all right that way,” said

Stoddard.



“You wouldn’t if-it was yours and

it was blowing in your eyes every

minute.”





”I'll make you a going; later " he as.- .





sured he1. He also formed a silent res-

olution to be in no haste about the

task. “I suppose you’re hungry.”



“I could eat,” she confessed.





chocolate.”





Sadie hastened to get it. 4He divided.

half of it between them and put the





 





remainder aside





That- '





 





“We might niIbble a little of that.





 





   





 





 





"it





 





.“I’
he





49





 





q)





 

 





 





 





 

 

 





 





.don’t find something else," he explain-





 

 





I JAN. 13. 1917.





 





“We’ll need that for lunch if we





ed. “Meanwhile it’s short rations.”

Sadie looked hungrily at the forbid-

den bit of chocolate, but said nothing.





She knew No. 44 would do whatever ‘





was right. If he had told her she must

not eat at all she would have obeyed,

confident that there were sound rea-

sons.



“I wonder what Larry’s thinking,”

he mused aloud.



“Larry?”



Stoddard was annoyed at his slip.

He had not intended to tell her about

Larry, just as he had no idea of letting

Larry know anything about Sadie.



“The man I’m camped with,” he ex-





plained. “He’s a greenhorn in the

woods. I’m just, teaching him the

ropes.”





Sadie puzzled over this intelligence

for a while.



“Aren’t you working up here?” she

asked.



“No,” he admitted reluctantly.



“Why, I thought——”



“I’m taking a vacation.”



Sadie began to look troubled.



“I sort of thought you belonged

here,” she said slowly. “I thought

maybe you was buildin’ a railroad in

here, or a bridge.”



“It’s the same as home to me,” he

broke in hastily.



Stoddard did not welcome the turn

of the conversation.



“Where are you from ?” she asked.



“New York.” '



“Then you’re just one of the summer

boarders? You got. no interests here?”



Stoddard grasped desperately at a

straw.



“Oh, I’ve got interests

course. Yes, indeed.”



His camp was an interest, he reflect-

ed; Livingston was an interest; Sadie

was an interest. He was not telling a

lie. He was merely allowing her to

infer a lie.



Not a very nice distinction, he ad-

mitted; but to let Sadie acquire the

idea that he was merely one of the

season’s campers would lead to embar-

rassments about the job she still con-

fidently expected to get.



It was no time for Sadie to discover

that she had been following a will-o’-

the-wisp all the way to Deepwater. In

simple and confiding frankness she had'

accepted him as a responsible person

in that part of the big outdoors, with

influence and jobs at his command.



,Not for a moment did she dream he

was a mere idler from afar. It would

be time enough for her to discover

that when they were released from

their island.



“I thought you must have inter-

ests,” she said in a relieved tone. “It’d

be an awful joke on me if you was

just a butter-in up here, like I am.

You couldn’t do nothing for me at all

then, could you?”



Stoddard felt his face flush as he

met- her clear gray eyes. Almost he

yielded to the impulse to tell her blunt-

ly the exact situation, yet he held back.





“Want to do a little exploring?” he

asked. “I’d like to make a trip around

this island myself.”



“I’ll show you the way,” she said

eagerly and not a little proudly. “I’ve

been over it.”



He marveled somewhat at the ease

with which Sadie made progress over

the uneven rocks along the shore of

their island. Already she seemed to be

adjusted to her environment, Save for

the occasional hampering of her move-

ments by a skirt that conformed to

modern- fashion. It was evident she

was not easily fatigued, for she led the

way-"ate brisk‘pace and suffered from

noshortness of breath.



Arrived at a point near the farther

end: of the island, Stoddard diverged

from. their-courseu along the shore and

struckthe'woods for' the distance of a

tow yards.“ Then he called to her.



"H e is wh has been a'



5: : h e ,-





here, of





   





 

 





 

 

 





 





   





 





 





 

 





- 33,000 sq. mi II ’

. additional floor ,. ”





 





 

 





salesmen.





equipment is complete:





accurately. Six-cy





and l‘ackard Twin ”(3."





There are 44 auto factories in Detroit. and 140 accessory and parts

factories. Our students have the privilege of gonig thrii any ‘or all

of them. We now operate Westinghouse Auto-Lite and Bi‘Jur Seryiee

Stations. After careful consideration the Westinghouse hiectricaldv

Mfg. (10.. the Auto-Lite CO., and the Built-CO., deCided that our school

was the best place in Detroit to handle their serVice stations. lhis has

added thousands of dollars worth of eqmpinent and makes our electrical

department unequaled. Students get actual experience andtraining in

handling all kinds of electrical auto equipment and taking care of

trouble. We have just installed a Sprague Electric. ilynamometer for

block-testing purposes for students‘ use. Auto factories need Dynamo-





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





MONEY-BACK

GUARANTEE





We guarantee to qualify you

in a short time for a position

as chauffeur. repair Iiinn.

tester. deiiioiistrntor, garage

mini, or a u to in o h i l c

dealer, paying from $75 to

$300 monthly or refund your

money. We have constantly

more requests for Michigan

State Auto School Graduates

than we can supply





     





a; {75‘ g; “H.”





 





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





_ ‘ “'6 have completed arrangements with Auto lac-

FaCtory C0 operatlon tories to iit them in touch with men who intend





going into business for themselves. ’1‘ ink of getting inside information as to

the best territory’and where the garages will make the most money. The

factories are looking for trained men to represent them. Men who know the

auto busmess from A to Z are in biggest demand. Come here and start right

—get the information first-handed and don‘t. wait.

- 1 9 ' - ' . '



Act chkly how DON T WAIT fi“,‘,,‘,§‘,fg§t‘?flfi"" ,mmg

and “Auto School News" and New Catalog. They are both absolute y free. Or

better still, Jump~0n the train. as hundreds have done. and come to Detroit.

the Heart 0! the Automobile Industry," and learn right.





~sum iiiis cuupui lililAY





MICHIGAN STATE AUTO SOHOOI.

1001 Auto Building.

“-19 Selden Ave,

687-89-91 Woodward Ave.





Detroit. Mlchignn. U. S. A.

Gentlemen : send me nhsoluli'l)‘ FREE ‘ ‘Aiito School

News" and New Catalog or better still you can expect





 

 

 

 





 





 

 





 





The price 0





 

 





branches.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





THE MICHIGAN FARME‘R





Wm





 





 





Come‘to Detntoitt,

The Automobile

Center





ploy our graduates or offer them territory in which





to sell cars and start garages. . . .

[You’re right in the middle of the greatest auto acll‘v‘llles. lVlen are

needed everywhere as testers, repair men, cliaiiffers, garage men, and

Hundreds of our graduates start in business for themselves.





Earn $75 to $300 a Month





W teach ou to handle an auto ro osition. You .. . _ . _ .

e y Stuilents Irictiihlly build cars rom start to tinish, getting,r tactory training

in assembling, block-testin , road—testing, everything. _

welding and cutting separate rom regular course. All leading types 0

in operation. Learn to time motors, re-bore cylinders, adjust carburetor-s, magne

linder Lozier and 8-cylinder King are used for road instruction. We have a new





‘ . 's with 3.400 r. p. m." motor. the latest thing out, also a ltil7 Detroiter—ti. and ‘ . .

(hassi We have also installed a 1917 \Villys-Knight complete chassis in the 5





Follow the Crowd to the Michigan State Auto School.





- me on: or 1'"! ions cusses





Rememberfyou can enter classes any time. any day.

course is based on giving full value.

Therefore we cannot give another course free.

uates in the complete auto course are competent to

handle farm tractors.

Write or come direct to this school.





MICHIGAN STATE AUTO SCIIO0I.





 





 





 





Detroit

trained men get

preference and get jobs



quickly. No other city can give

what Detroit offers. Think what it



means to learn in the Michigan State Auto

School. Factories endorse our school, glad to em—





 

 

 





 

 

 





Unlimited opportunities.





 

   

   

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





raduate in from ten to twelve weeks. Our





 





Special complete course in Oxy-Acetylene brazing,

f starting, lighting and ignition systems

tos,valves and bearings quickly and

Chalmers “6 30”





an Overland. Just added Delco System as used in Buickdliids'oii

hop for students to work an.





 

 





 





Detroit Is the Place to Learn—FStart Any Time





meter men constantly. We have a greater deiiiaiii'. lid" our graduates

than we can meet. Factories and Garages are paying big salaries to

men who know how to handle eletrical equipment quickly and properly.

Detroit is the automobile center. You get practical instruction. (Ioine to

our School and learn the auto business right. School open all the year.

Enter classes any time. any day. ’I‘hree classes dany: morning. after—

or ii. eveniii .



n )Tlli‘l‘t‘ is aggreat demand for Michigan State Auto School students.

Garages throughout the country write us for men. Auto factories write

and phone for men constantly to fill permanent plat-es. “by not tit

yourself for one of these good paying positions?





Come to Detroit.





.. . . . 33,000 .n wi’ld’t' lfl

Additional Building and Equipment ,pm “in 0-3.» “Leiliiiiimd:





thousands of dollars worth of new equipment. iilnntr of room for

students to work.’l‘his comes with our new building at (‘iR'I-RQ-Ell Woodward Are.

Our school has grown by leaps and bounds. students onze from .d]

over the world. Men have left after graduating and started business- for

themselves: Others have accepted good jobs both .n Detroit and ovci

the country, Their work has proven that we train ”"114 rzghtly. We are

constantly adding new equipment, Our 5m ‘PIIU'I get the but andlatestthings





to work on. Our electrical department is thorough any i. inpleie. s is iii

charge of one of the most competent elect rival m5i T\i*“-'-l“--

DETROIJ'

“IE IIEAIIOF TIIE AUTOIIIIIST"





Grad-





Act quickly now. We have no





 





 

 





 

 





me about

“mm Tho Old Roll-bl. School A. C. ZELLER. Pro-Idem

St ‘ 1001 Auto Buildlnd, 687-89~9l Woodward Aye., 11-19 Selden Ave.

1’80

Town State DETROIT, MICHIGAN, U. S. A. Mel accessory

. FAGTORIES FACTOR!”





 





       





‘h





 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





Kennedy. Owensboro, Ky.





but they last alifetime. Fully guarantee .





for itself in a single season.





seed drillsand wheel-hoes—various prices.





Planet J





vatorcvcr made. It has stronger. better construction. Its depth

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15 other styles of one-horse cultivators—various prices. ///





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Illustrates and describes over 70 tools for farm

and garden including Seeders.

Wheel-Hoes, Horse-Hoes.

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Cultivators. Write pos~

Ial [or it todayi





 

 





«.0. ion ”*1: ’ .J":

Less work and bigger

with Planet Jr. implements





_ "No gardener would do without a No. 4 Planet Jr if he would but try

it. I would not take ten iimcs its price and do without it.” writes Isaac





Planet Jr implements are so well made that they not only do good work.





d

No. 4 Planet Jr Combined Hill and Drill Seeder, Wheel-Hoe, Culti-





vntor and Plow does garden work so quickly, easily and thoroughly. that it pays

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No. 8 Planet Jr Horse-Hoe and / '





Cultivator does a_ greater variety ‘

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PURE FARM: SEEDS





 





 





 





 





 





   

 

 





 

 

   

 

 





die" testified: _ ma





 





 





 





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northern grown; send ul anmplo ,0! your clover”

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Please send me free literature on articles checked:





 





 





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THE -MICHIGAN FARMER

ed” she said as she glanced about her

with curious ey.es



There was not much to look at. The

[blackened stones of a fireplace Occu-

pied the center of a small clearing.

There were a couple of benches, made

from saplings nailed across conven-

ient trees, and a table of like work-

manship, its'top comprised of bark

strips.



A cupboard was represented by a

wooden box fastened to a tree. There

was a litter of rusted tin cans near by

and a few sticks of split wood.



"Tin canners,” said Stoddard con-

temptuously.



“Meaning——”



This was a phrase of Sadie’s equiv-

alent to a request for explanation of

something she did not understand.



“Campers who carry a mess of can—

ned stuff with them and are too lazy

to throw the cans overboard,” he en-

lightened her.



“Slack housekeepers,” she said with





“No; lumean it. Some campers have

a habit of sticking fish-hooks in the

bark around camp and forgetting to

take them when they pack up.”



When, a moment later, Sadie whoop-

ed joyfully, he knew that her sharp

eyes had made a successful search. She

ran to him with a pair of hooks at-

tached to a gut leader.



“I thought so, from the look of the

place,” he remarked. “A lot of these

people throw away more outfit than

they use. They oughtto have nurses

instead of guides.”





“It ain’t for us to knock ’em, No. 44.

We ought to be passin’ resolutions and

votin’ thanks. They’ve even fed us.

What! You’ve et your crackers al-

ready? I’m lingerin’ over mine. You’ll

be beggin’ for a bite in a. minute.”



To herself Sadie added:



“And he’ll get it, too.”



“Well, let’s go on,” he said after a

final look around. “We’ll come back

if we need anything else."





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





SELF-'OILING WIN DMILL

With INCLQSED MOTOR

Keeping ‘our DUST and RAlflrfleeplns m on





 





DOUBLE GEARS- -Each Carrying Half the Load

Every feature desirable in a windmill in the

AUTO- OILED AERMOTOR

Write AERMOTOR CO.





3. DOd- “It’s a regular notion-counter," she

“That’s it. A man ought to keep the affirmed. “Say, this is some island,

woods as clean as he would his own ain’t it? Tell me Something else to

house.” find.”

“Cleaner,” declared Sadie emphat- “Bugs.”

ically. “’Cause the Lord made ’em.” “Ugh! What for?"

‘ “Hunt around a bit and see. what “Bait.”





\



“I ain’t strong for bugs,” she sighed.

“But tell me where to look for them.”



As they followed the shore line Stod-

dard indicated possible bug-haunts un-

der loose stones near the water’s edge.

Between them they achieved the cap-

ture of three hellgrammites by the time

they had completed a circuit of the

island.



“If we only had the shrimp here we

could use him, too,” observed Sadie.

“He’s a grand size to go on one of





you can find,” he advised. “Perhaps

this time we ’11 be glad they didn’t

clean up.”



It v as Sadie who announced the first

important discovery. Instinctively she

made straight for the cupboard. The

contents of a half-emptied jar of jam

‘ were moldy and spoiled, but in a cov-

ered tin box she found crackers. Her

shout of triumph brought Stoddard to

her side.



The box was a third full. Sadie gaz-





 





 





' 2550 w": IZth Sm» cmcnco





 





ed into its contents longingly. them hooks.”





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Seven From $10 to $30 by Dawn;

ctI-‘rom The Factory

Free 1917 Catalog shows my handsome new





models of our sturdy, stylish easyqiding

cutters at bargain prices. Get our fee-

tory terms on cutter gears light bo

runner attachmente. Add

”LAMAZOO CARRIAGE AND





500 mum at Imminent.





 





Stoddard laughed.



“Your antipathy to littleness seems

rather relentless, Sadie. I’m afraid you

won’t like my friend Larry.”



“How big is he '2” she demanded.



He indicated the approximate alti-

tude of Livingston.



“That’s a little more ’n a shrimp,”

she said judicially. “I’d say he was

a peewee. But if he’s a friend of

yours I might stretch him into a spar-

row. That’s a little bigger yet. But

it's a sinch he ain’t a man, No. 44.



“Whatever he is I’ll bet he’s worried.

If John—that's the Indianaisn’t with

him he’s crazy. Put Larry alone with

all our outfit and he’s worse off than





“Can I have one?” she asked.



He did not know whether her ques-

tion was amusing or pathetic. She was

dreadfully gungry, but with food in her

hands she would not eat until “the

boss” accorded his permission. For to

Sadie, Stoddard was her new boss,

whom she was‘ready to obey without

question.



“Why, you poor kid!" he exclaimed.

“Eat as many as you want.”



It was the first time since she had

been big that anybody had called Sadie

a “kid.” Back in Buffalo she would

have regarded such a form of address

with derision and probably some re-

sentment.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





The Michigan Shonhorn Breeders





Will Offer





Fifty Head of Choice Cattle





At Auction at East Lansing, Mich,

on January 19,1917.





Twenty— —five females and 25 bulls

Attractive young bulls are offered

a number of them being herd head—

ers, and the balance good bulls for

the farmers. The females ale an

extra good lot and most of them

well along in calf to good sires.

Prospective buyers will make no

mistake in attending this sale. Cats

alog can be had by addressing





ll. Knapp, Sales Manager. Howell, lick.





 





we are with nothing.”





“Nothing!” she echoed. “I think we

got lots. I guess you ain’t as thankful

as you ought to be.”



“Perhaps I’ve had things too easy.”



“I wouldn’t say you’d had things

easy, exactly,” she mused, studying

him with frank eyes. “I judge may be

you could have ’em easy if you wanted

to, but that you .don’t take ’em that

way. Are you rich, No. 44 ?”





But from this giant who had sudden-

ly become her protector and guardian

in a strange land, she accepted it with

complacency. It took a full-sized man

to call her a kid, so she knew there

was no possible opprobrium in it.



“I’ll count ’em first,” she said.



A moment later she announced that

there were twenty-seven crackers.



“Half of ’em are yours and half are

mine,” she went on. “We'll divide the





odd one. I'm goin’ to eat three now. su Ngée’lfly folks are pretty well off, I

Neither of us must lose count. How REM you work?”



' . , 9” V. .

many me you gom to eat. “Oh, yes.”





“Oh, about half a dozen.”





‘tB t ' ' )

“My! That’s only leave you seven u if you didn t want to work, you





wouldn’t have to?”





 





 





and a half. Can’t you do with four?”





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





30 DAYS FREE “Ill.





and “freight prepaid on the now”?!

"My Write e1 onee

" . for our mbig catalog and special 0]".

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I. You cam! afar-d to buy without get-

me.





 

 





I 1' thin i th bl "lo 11 lull

, . every n 0 eye no

. w” pdoee. Agew mm bicycles





“They’d take care of me, I imagine.”



She nodded.



“That’s about the way I figured it,”

she said. “You can take it easy, but

you don’t want to. You’re all right,

No. 44. I guess you’re more thankful

than you’re lettin’ on.” ‘



While he trimmed a rough fishing-

rod with his knife Sadie sat at a little

distance and watched him. She noted

every detail of him, even to the rent in





“All right,” he laughed. “Give me

four. You’re in charge of the cracker

commissariat.”



Sadie counted four crackers into his

hand and three into her own, and care-

fully replaced the lid on the box.



“We’ve got to be as savin’ as we

can,” she said shaking her head ser-

iously, “the way you was with the choc-

olate. I ain’t seen no quick lunches





 





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around here yet.”



Stoddard continued his hunting

about the camp, occasionally picking

up and treasuring bits of twine. A lard-

pail with a wire handle became the

repository of his findin.gs Sadie, still

hovering about the cupboard, discov-





the shoulder of his olive-drab shirt and

the tiny holes in the soles of his hunt-

ing—boots, where hob-nails had been

torn loose by rocks. He was unkempt

and unshaven, and his big arms, bared

to the elbows, were a mass of cuts and

scratches. ' -





 





ered a rusty file in a crevice. Stod- "And he’s rich,” she murmured.





 





   

   





 





dard added it to his collection. “Think of findin’ a rich man—here!”





 





 

 





   





a“ with flogéfw J “New look for fish-hooks,” he di‘ Her glance wandered to the lake

Exoryb ottho saunas. toughti 5 weeks. rected. _ where white-crested waves glistened in

333% E 2:33.??th or aumomnrnc, “Where?” the sun; then to the dark greens and

”N 5"“m” BM '0‘” 'mc'f'”" ’°""' PM“ “In the trees.” " .1 browns of the forest, where tufts of

r'.-When.Wrfilng to Advertisers Please ‘Tlnolin’ me. i” she asked reproach- yellow and flaming red were the out-





‘ a... ,





 





r21. . an...





 





nibble.





 





   

 





JAN. 13, 1917.





eyes for a moment, and her mind car- ,



ried her back to the packing-room, .



where there were thousands and thou-



sands of shirts and tired girls and



stifling air and endless order-slips—



and the Shrimp. With a little shudder



the vision fled from her as she looked



again upon her outdoors.

“Rich!” she repeated softly.



I’m rich, too!”





“Why,





 





 





CHAPTER XII.

Castaways.



It was not Sadie who caught the first

fish, a fact that caused her tremendous

chagrin. At her eager solicitation

Stoddard allowed her to make the first

try, which she bungled shockingly.



It was not the loss of the fish so

much as the havoc played with their

outfit that counted. Sadie managed to

lose one of their precious hooks, all of

the gut leader, half of the. line, and the

choicest of the trio of hellgrammites,

in addition to a bass that promised a

square meal for two hungry castaways.





There had come a savage jerk at the

line after she had patiently tended it

for half an hour without so much as a

With a yell of triumph Sadie’s

strong arms yanked the pole sywward

and backward, making it fairly whistle

through the air. The bass remained in

the lake, along with the equipment

enumerated.



Seemingly on the verge of tears, she

looked at Stoddard.





 





 





“I done something wrong,” she said

miserably. “What was it?”

“You struck too quickly, he ex-





plained. “The tackle wouldn’t stand

it, even if the fish’s mputh did.”



She surveyed the wreckage with

troubled eyes. Then she thrust the sap-

ling that served as a rod into his

hands



“You take it. I oughta known better.

You can fine me out of that fourteen.

It’s coming to me.”



“It wasn’t your fault really, Sadie.

It’s largely the tackle. That knotted

string isn’t as strong as a regular line,

and there’s mighty little spring in the

pole. I can see we’ve got to handle it

gently.”



He had suflicient string to knot to-

gether a new line, and to this he fast-

ened the remaining hook.



“I had the best bug, too,” comment-

ed Sadie ruefully as she watched him i

select a second victim for scientific

empalement.



It seemed that at least another half-

hour had elapsed before the end of the

rod bobbed sharply. Sadie uttered a

little cry of excitement. Stoddard was

excited, too, but sternly repressed his

eagerness to get that fish ashore in-

stantaneously. It was too serious 3.

business to be trifled with. ,





He managed to check the first rush

without snapping the line; that gave

him encouragement. To apply gradual ' ‘

restraint to a determined bass, with an ‘

outfit consisting merely of a sapling

and twelve feet of none too reliable

string, is a task for a fisherman even

more skillful than was Stoddard. But

he concentrated upon it.



“Shut up!” he commanded shortly, . 1’

when a series of little squeals from Sa-

die vibrated through the air. Where- 2

upon Sadie watched the struggle in -

silence. I



Several times Stoddard nearly slip-

ped from the rock in his efforts to

afford his captive every bit of running-

room that the limits of the tackle

Would permit. Back and forth the

string cut across the water. Twice the

fish jumped, but the hook held.



Even after the struggles became in-

termittentand weak, Stoddard did not

dare to risk a lift from the water.



“Get down on that flat rock over

there,” he ordered. “I’ll lead him to

you.”



Sadie scrambled to the chosen spot

and waited, scarcely breathing.



Once Stoddard had the fish within

a yard of her’outstretched hands, only

to be compelled to yield rein for a re-

newed struggle. Then'he began again

to urge his prey gently toward th ‘



rate 11813





 





 





 





.\ 5,)!“





(II ‘





   





 





 

 

 

   

 





shore. Slow’l
if A,





 





 





 





(l





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





JAN. 13. 1917.

to Sadie altogether the most desirable

treasure\ her eyes had ever seen. It

still struggled faintly and the line was

ominously taut. ‘ .



“Get both hands on it when I say

the word," she heard Stoddard saying.



It was less than a foot from the tips

of her fingers now, lying on its side in

a few inches of water. He tried to

urge it nearer, but the tension on the

sapling warned him.



“Now!” .



Sadie flung herself upon the ' fish

with startling swiftness. There were

a splash and a commotion in the shale

lows at the foot of the rook. A second

later she arose, hugging an object to

her breast.



She did not release her clutch upon

the captive until she was yards away

from the edge cf the water, and even

then Stoddard had to pry her fingers

loose. ‘



“You’re the original human land-

ing-net, Sadie,” he assured her as he

viewed the prize at their feet.



“Did I do all right?”



“Great! Only 'I didn’t know you

were going overboard after it.”



“I ain’t much wet,” she said; view-

ing her dress. “There’s only a little

water down there. But I wouldn't ’ve

lost that fish if it meant divin’ to the

bottom for it. Is it good to eat?"



“It’s a bass. You wait.”



But before Stoddard made any culi-

nary preparations he tried the fishing

again. Their third bug was lost with

no result after a quarter of an hour’s

angling and, while Sadie went to hunt

for more, he made their single catch

ready for cooking.



The fire started the night before had

not been allowed to die, for wood was

plentiful, while matches were not. Con-

sequently there was a fine bed of ash-

es, overlaid with glowing embers. Stod-

dard did not skin his bass, but, after

cleaning it, proceeded to plaster it over

with clay. The clay was not entirely

suitable to his purpose, but he made

the best of it.



Sadie, who had returned with addi-

tional bugs, watched the proceedings

in silence, but no single detail escaped

her. Just what No. 44 was going to

do with that fish she did not know;

but she knew that, in any event, it

would be right. ‘



Having applied a protective covering

nearly an inch thick, Stoddard scraped

out a cavity in the bed of fire and care-

fully deposited the fish within it. Then

he raked the ashes and hot coals over

the hole and added some fresh sticks

to the blaze.



“So that’s what you do when you

ain’t got pots and pans,” she remarked

in admiration.



“Sometimes you do it, anyhow, Sa-

die, from preference. Only you'll have

to eat this fish without pepper or salt

or butter."



“There you go again,” she reproved.

“You mustn’t talk about what you ain’t

got when you’ve got enough. By and

by you’ll be complainin’ because there

ain’t no waiter hereto pass things.”



Whether to eat the whole fish or to

save part of it for a future meal be-

came a subject of animated debate

when Stoddard gingerly raked it out of

the fire. Sadie, now impressed with

the wisdom of a policy of conserva-

tion, was for keeping half, while Stod—

dard, confident of their ability to catch

another, favored a full-sized meal.



She yielded to temptation, however,

when he chipped away the baked clay

and stripped off the skin on the upper

side of the bass. The present out-

weighed the future. They ate the

whole of it.



The afternoon brought a round of

duties. Their camp was still a make-

shift; Stoddard set about the task of

providing some comforts.



A little lean-to for Sadie was his first

achievement. It was no easy task to

cut\ saplings with a knife, but he per-

sisted until he had secured sufficient

to form a framework for the shelter.

It rose no higher than four feet above

the ground “in: front, tapering off to



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THE MICHIGAN‘FARMERH





WINTER BIRDS ON THE FARM.





(Continued from page 37).

plain why we have with us all winter

such birds as the chick-a-dee, blue jay,





woodpeckers, etc.





It is a matter of common obse1 vation

that there are places which, during the

stress of winter weather, the birds sel-

dom visit. The most noticeable of all

these places is the neighborhood of

some of our homes But lake a walk

through the woods and one will he

su1prised at the oompa1ative abund-

ance and \ariety of biId life. Each

bird seems as happy and contented

with the freezing cold as with the

warm days of last summer. The ques-

tion is asked, why do they choose to

stay in the woods all winter and leave

other localities almost deserted Pro-

tection from cold winds might do in

part for an answer but there is a more

important reason.



Most of our homes have at the back

step a receptacle where mother puts

scraps from the table and the refuse

that accumulated during the prepara-

tion of each meal. 011 a cold winter

day after a heavy snow fall, how many

people have had the experience of 0p-

ening the back door and frightening

away several or maybe a whole flock

of birds that were busily engaged in

scratching over the contents of that

old bucket and eagerly devouring ev-

ery morsel of anything that could pos—

sibly be called food. Seldom 01' never

are birds seen around such places in





 





Securely Fasten the Suet so the Blue

Jay Can’t Carry it Off.





the summer. The most profitable ex-

planation is summed up in the answer

any boy would give if he were asked

a; the table, “Well, son, will you have

some mOIe pie or some 11101e 11a‘sh?"

Anybody could make a safe bet on the

lad’s answer. As regards the matter

of appetite and taste most animals, in-

cluding boys, are alike in so far as

they are always hungry and they will

eat first the food they like best and

when the supply gets low or exhausted

they just have to fill up on “hash.” So

We find some birds living almost ex-

clusively on insects during the sum-

mer but when winter comes they will

tackle the frozen carcass of a. dead

animal 01" the dry gristle 011 an old

bone and other things they would pass

unnoticed during a season of plenty.

Spring is mating time the world 0V-

er. Birds are doubtless the most con~

spicuous and active of all animals dur-

ing this season. Of course, a home for

the young birds is essential. ”This ne~

cessity may be supplied in part by fur-

nishing more or less useful bird houses.

The appeal attracts the birds and ever

increasing numbers are found nesting

close to our homes. As our experience

in this matter increases the supply of

birds will increase and by the associa-

tiori both man and bird will profit in

no mean way.

_ There is another method of attract-

ing birds to our homes that is founded

on a. more fundamental trait than the

mating instinct. It is particularly

adapted for winter use. It is an appeal

that every living thing must heed be-





 





 





cause 'it has to do with one’ s stomach.

', lit other, words, food 1





JAN. 13, 1917.





in-law to her daughter, and behold,

Mrs. Wife tames her man. Food works

wonders anywhere in the world. In

proportion to his weight a bird eats a

monstrous amount of ӣ0011 but he

needs it and especially in the winter.

Why not,'then, feed the birds in the

winter. Why not try to get themvinto

the habit of looking for food around

your home—and finding it. If you have





 





 





The Chick-a-dcc is the Best Bird

Friend the Farmer Has.



trees or shrubbory about the house

that. are worth preserving it is almost.

certain that they are suffering more or

less from insect. attacks. Maybe it

costs money and lime to keep down

the pests by the use 01‘ sprays. Insects

have to be carried over the winter in

some form 01' another and all that sur—

vive the winter will bring forth count—

less offspring next summer. Our win-

ter birds will gobble an insect or grub

with a relish not to be equaled by their





summer companions. Each insect elim—





mated in the winter means the elimi—

nation of a possible family of insects

next summer. And so many men figure

that they have saved their orchards

trouble for a season by encouraging

birds 10 be on their premises during

the previous winter.



111 the winter, ho“ 9101,1111: days 2119

short, insects ale 111111110 find on the

ice covered trees while the bird’s ap-

petite is even greater than it is during

the summer. it~ is natural, then, for

the places of greatest food supply to

have the most birds. Usually these

places are located back in the woods

or thicket where the care of man has

not, been constant. If these birds are

to be coaxed away from the thicket it,

will be necessary in most cases to fur-

nish them with a supply of food that is

greater than what they can find on the

trees and shrubs about our homes.

Such a matter is one of the simplest

nature. Securely fasten to the limbs

of the trees that are in need of protec—

tion, old bones that, have particles of

fat or gristle attached to them. Pieces

of suet make an excellent attraction.



It will not be long before the chick-

a~dees find the least and they Will pay



egular visits 10 the spot. Every two

or three hours they Will come back. If





 





 





 





Queer Gambols of Nuthatches are a

Source of lnterest‘to‘ Children.





the supply is replenished ‘they _ will





stay around all winter, “fooling secure-





in the knowledge that""if_ they can not

find other food in sufficient quantities

for their needs there is alWays the

lump of suet to fall back an. The wel-

fare of trees is assured if a. company

of chick-a- dees has charge of them. No

agriculturist has any better friend

among birds than this little black-cap-

ped fellow. In pay for ' shall lump of





 

 

 





 





 





 





F‘.





F .

P’"
‘ and bark beetles. The trees and shrubs





‘ nate if ’chi‘ck-a‘dees have access to





 





.iA'N. 13,19137. - ‘





pillars, canker worms, cod‘ling moth

of orchard, park and grove are fortu-

them.





nuthatches and downy. woodpeckers

will appear on the scene. The little

downy has such a wonderful appetite

for larvae, pupae, and insect eggs that

he is considered one of the most bene-

ficial of birds. He is easily attracted.

His conflding nature makes him a

great favorite with bird lovers. Of

course, being a woodpecker he works

largely on dead wood but he also

searches healthy trees for insect life

of any kind. Fruit growers recognize

in the downy a friend of the best kind.



If a little hay seed is scattered on

the snow juncos and tree sparrows will

take time to call. Occasionally a gold-

finch will stop for refreshments but it

will take. sharp eyes to recognize him.

He does not look‘much like he did

during the summer. One of the small-

est birds we have, the golden crowned

kinglet, sometimes stays all winter.

And if he can not find insect eggs in

large enough quantities he is likely to

make a call and test the food that is so

plentiful and costs so little effort to

get. It may take several weeks of per-

sistent tempting and again a day or

two may suffice for the gayly dressed

blue jay to overcome his habitual war—

iness and decide to join the bread line

with his fellow Leatures. If he comes

there won't be anything left when he

goes unless the lump of suet is secure-

ly bound with a string. What he can

not eat he will carry away it he can

get it. . .



Once the birds get accustomed to

the surroundings and learn that there

is nothing to fear, many of them, espe-

cially the chick-a—dee and downy wood-

peckers, will become so fearless that

with care and patient practice one can

get them to take food from the hand.





Everybody has heard the joke about

hens‘ teeth. Birds need grit for the

same reason that chickens need it—to

grind food. But in the winter the snow

covered ground offers small chance for

procuring such materials. The want,

however, can be supplied with sittings

from coal ashes if care is taken to

scatter them where the birds are ac-~

customed to feed.



A board nailed to the window frame

makes an excellent place to put both

feed and grit. Moreover it gives op~

portunity for bird study at close range.

A contrivance of this sort will furnish

children with a means of entertain-

ment during the. long winter days and

its educational value is as great as the

entertainment. To awaken and to sus-

tain in the mind of a child an abiding

interest in animated nature is a mat-

ter that will never cause harm, and

that has possibilities of most promis-

ing kind. No child can stand at the

window and watch without profit, the

peculiar antics of a nuthatch. The

child’s observational faculty will work

in spite of him and work means devel-

opment. Birds are such nervous, such

sensitive creatures that the wink of

an eye is almost enough to frighten





them. If a child can be induced to'





persevere until he has succeeded in

feeding the wild birds from his hand

he will have accomplished something

many men have failed to do. He will

have learned his first lesson in self-

control and will have accumulated a

big feeling of tenderness and gentle-

ness. Such traits are all good stuff.



If one of the older members of the

family is fortunate enough to own a.

camera, let him attempt to photograph

the birds as they come to the window

for food. It seems easy._ Try it. It

will require many attempts before a

real good picture is made.





 





 





The night hath a thousand eyes,

The day but one.



Yet the light of a whole world dies

When the sun is gone.





The mind hath a thousand eyes,

The heart but one.





Shortly after the chick-a-dees the .





 





   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





Linwood “ Six-39 ”





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Stratford “ Six-51 "





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WHEN you attend your automobile show, make it a special

point, please, to see the Paige Exhibit. In our opinion, the '

new Paige Models represent the greatest achievement of the year

in motor car building—and value giving. In all earnestness we

say that you can’t afford to buy any car until you have first





seen the Paige.





THE PAIGEIDETROIT MOTOR CAR COMPANY, 920 McKINST RY STREET, DETROIT, IvIICHIGAN





 





 





 





 





 





 





What Will

You Be Tomorrow?





Just what you eat and drink and think today.



To possess strong, healthy bodies and alert, active minds we must eat pure,

nourishing food. '



The United States Government says wheat bread is the most nourishing and

economical food. See Bulletin No. 142.





Lily White





bakes thoroughly wholesome, healthful, delicious bread.



And it is much cheaper to bake your bread than buy it. ,



Besides good homemade bread, fresh from the oven, spread with rich golden

butter, 1s afeast fit for a king. . . *



There is nothing hits the hunger spot so quickly or satisfies the appetite so

completely. .



Be sure to use Lily White Flour; it assures perfect baking satisfaction and





more loaves to the barrel.





VALLEY CITY MILLING COMPANY,

Grand Rapids, Mich.





 





 





 





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Try Calumet at once 011 our money-

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After years of labor, Mr. Edison has perfected

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Your name and address on a postal will

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When Writing to Advertisers Please

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HE work we have done in Wex-



ford county is hardly worthy the



name -of domestic scienCe,” says

Commissioner Roy Noteware: “How-

ever, for the want of a better one we

give our poor efferts this dignified

title.





“For a number of years there has





been a growing feeling among those

directly interested in the rural schools

_of this section that the course of study

did not outline work for the complete

develOpment of the country children;

that many of the things taught were

not the material which the child would

use in adult life. Then I desired to

find something to supplement the tru-

ancy law and have tried to get, those

things into the country schools that





will make them attractive tothe chil-»





dren.



“Many of the pupils bring their. din-

ners and I believe if we can Change

this traditional custom and serve warm

lunches, a part, of the time at least, we

shall make the school a much more at-

tractive place for the pupils, and will

have a tendency to give them better

health. We have made quite an ex-

tended effort in different kinds of sew-

ing, etc, and served warm lunches now

and then in a few schools. It is less

work, it appears, for the teachers to do

something with the sewing than with

the lunch proposition. I believe this

is due to the lack of proper facilities.

For instance, many of our rooms are

equipped with room heaters which af-

ford little chance for the lunches. How-

ever, we are talking oil- burners for

school rooms. One teacher, Ida Davis,

of Colfax, District No. 5, is making ar-

rangements for a social in order to se-

cure this stove. As a large percentage

of our teachers are county normal grad-

uates or have had normal training in

some of the state normals they have

had instruction in domestic science un-

der a competent instructor. This plac-

es them in a position to carry on some

work of this character in the rural

schools, even though it is very ele-

mentary.”



Mrs. Louise Laurens, of Wext‘ord

county, is enthusiastic about the work

in rural schools.



“The northern district fair has been

an event of unusual interest for some

years in VVexford county,” she says.

“Housewives, husbandmen and stock-

men are usually the chief exhibitors,

and much interest has centered about

prize horses, cattle,.hogs, sheep, can-

ned fruit, and fancy work. But from

the first, the fair association has co-op»

erated heartily with the county school

commissioner to the end that the rural

schools be encouraged to make exhib-

its of school work.



“Liberal prizes were offered to indi-

viduals and to schools making the best

general exhibit. Each year, as the rur-

al schools exhibited their work, it was

seen that the teachels and pupils were

getting a la1ger vision of what might

be done in the ruial schools where the

curriculus is aheady crowded. Not

only were the specimens of school

work—~maps, drawings, cuttings, pos-

ters, penmanship. pages, business

forms, etc, better, but each year there

is always something new and interest-

ing. Several schools are‘trying to do





something in the lines of domestic

science and manual training.

“Collections of mounted woods,





showing the character of trees and

shrubs, common to this vicinity and

elsewhere, were shown. A collection

or mounted weeds, correctly named and

classified drew many favorable com-

ments. It would have been a, credit to





heater than the girls’ \VOl‘k.





   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 





Domestic Science In Rural Schools—V





a student of botany in a, high school.

“The exhibition of carpenter work,

cooking, sewing, embroidery and_ch-.





cheting' was a 'happy‘ surprise, not, only ;





to the rural visitors, but to the people

of Cadillac, and from various parts of

this and other states.



“In one school, that has been a heavy

prize- winner for years, the teacher

tells of her work in this interesting

manner. ‘I teach in the country be-

cause I love it and apmeciate the op-

portunity for service. Children love to

work with their hands—to make some-

thing which they view with pride and

satisfaction when finished.



“ ‘Spool knitting is easily done by

first and second grade children. The

knitted strips can be sewed into on cu-

lar o1 oblong mats, and finished witha

crocheted edge, older pupils doing the

crocheting. The lower grades weave

mats and make picture frames of raffia.

The little doilies that are stamped with

such designs as animals, bilds, flow-

eis, etc, please the child1en, are inex-

pensive and just the thing to teach the

outline stitch. The edges of the doilies

axe finished with button- holed, c1 ochet-

ed or lace edging.



" ‘Huck toweling, which sells for ten

cents a yard, makes beautiful cushion

tops when worked with sansilk or. con-

trasting colors, in the well-known zig-

zag or step pattern. Make back of

cushion of sateen to match one of the

shades used in working and. finish

with cord and tassels and you have a

cushion dainty enough for any home.

My boys just begged to be allowed to

make them, and their work was even

Baskets

of various shapes and sizes are- made

of raffia. Books on basket-111aking can

be purchased from any supply house ‘



“ ‘It has been the custom for several

years for my pupils to make Christmas

presents for their parents. Last year

the girls embroidered guest towels and

the boys made crates which held a

peck. The little crates looked as if

they were factory made. Finding the.

dimensions, which the crate must have

was a problem in arithmetic. One boy

made a beautiful rustic seat. Toy

carts, wheel-barrows, doll push cutters

and step-ladders were made and fin-

ished by painting or varnishing them.

The patterns and directions for mak-

ing step-ladders, wind-mills and many

farm tools (toys), wereobtained from

Vi'oman’s Home Companion for twenty

cents.



“ ‘For the fair, the gills made b1ead,

cakes, cookies and jelly and canned

corn and tomatoes. The baking was

done in‘their homes, and some’bf the

canning was done at my home under

my supervision. The girls brought

their material for canning and their

fruit jars. All hand-sewing is done at

school and «machine stitching, is done

at their homes. We have an hour for

sewing and manual training on Friday

afternoon. Individual instruction is





given at noon or recess, before and af«





for school as needed or convenient.

The older pupils assist in teaching tl-e

young ones. We take up something

new every year in each grade. I.have1





taught my home school five years, and _





have planned certain lines of werk for

each grade.

pupils of one grade can assist those in

lower grades, otherwise a teacher.

would have more than her hands full.



“ ‘The material used for all work has

been bought with money earned at the

fair. I find that the time taken for the

hand work does nOt retard the other

school work. No matter how busy 9.

teacher may be, I believe that she owes





It can readily be seen how,





it to the boys and girls, to whom she

is friend, gulde and, in some cases al-

most m’other, to do what she can to





train the hand as well as the head and





heart.’ ”





no" equ1pment for this werk’ so we

started on a very small scale,’ says

Miss Mabel Beard; of soon. “We start-

ed sewing first, the $113 furnishing

their own material and necessary arti-

cles for sewing, which was done dur-

mg the day when their lessons were





finished. All work was done by hand





at schoOl with what d1rect10ns I gave

them. They made aprons firet, hem—

ming them neatlv and putting on the

bands and the peekets. Corsetcovers

and a very plain nightgown were next

made and they aie iioWemakmg plain

d1esses, cutting them out themselves

to learn the use of the patterns. 1 have

found the girls very interested in this

11 01k. as the repmts f10m the parents

are, that they are much.more willing

to sew at school thanat home where

it was impossible to interest them in

sewing. ’

“We have also done some w01k in

domestic science, in ~erv1ng hot lunch-

es. We did not have any dishes so

each child brought a small amount of

money with which we purchased a

large enamel kettle with cover, and a

large spoon. The Children each brought

a. cup and spoon, and we cooked on the

top _-0f the furnace.

our equipment at present though we

hOpe to be furnished with a table 011





which to work and the boysare‘ mak-.





ing in manual training a few other arti-

cles which we need. The lunches serv-





ed were very simplyprepared and all





have been very sucCessful. Each child

furnisheshis or her share for the

lunch and the older girls cook the

food. We have served vegetable soup,

mashed potatoes, creamed carrots,

bean soup and hot cocoa. The children

enjoy theselunches and I have found

it a great help in encouraging attend-

ance.”



Miss Olive Jewetl, of District No. 3,

Selman township, tells how she ear-

ries on the work.



“Divide the classes from the fourth

to eighth grades into committees to

prepare the dinner. 'Have four on a

committee, one from each class so as

to give each pupil a chance to prepare





his lessons and recite in the class and





still have some one preparing the meal.



“Tell each committee on what day of

the week they are to serve. " Have

them make a note 0f it or have a com-

mittee timetable posted up in the

room. On Friday (11' some other eon-

venient day prepare a menu for the

following week. Find out what each

one can bring for the following week

and tell them on what day to bring it.





, “Now you have your committees and

the‘ menu. Each morning during or af-

ter the opening exercises tell the chil-

dren what they‘are to prepare and how

to prepare it, at what time they are to

begin and at what time each thing is

to ”be done. Have the children make a

note of it as you tell them. Then when

that time comes they will have their

lessons for that hour prepared and will

go ahead with the preparations for

the meal without interrupting the reg

ular class work. _ 11



When the noon hour arrives the com-

mittee will have something warm all

in the dishes ready to serve as soon as

thelchildren can 'get their own lunch

and are in their seats, ready. to eat.

Have the committee put the dish wa-





ter on to heat as soon as they serve. " ‘ '

Then When the children are t ' ' h 1





with their dinners refit!





“At the opening of schom there was:





This constitutes 1





 





 





 





 





 





 





“i





 





 





{>1
a".





 





 





. and white enameled pins.





‘ hibition for





dishes gathered, the water is ready for

them to wash the dishes.



.“Our stove and most of our dishes

we got from the funds from a social

held in the-school house. The parents

sent our dish towels and part of our

dishes.”



Miss Beautrice Engstedt, of District

No. 1. Colfax township, has systema-

tized her work in sewing. Each month

sees a change of "work, starting with

work bags in September and following

with crocheted edges in October; ap-

rons, November: small Christmas gifts,

December; work in raffia, January;

bead work, February; underwear,

March; simple wash dress, April, and

straw hats, May.



“Our sewing club is known as the

Priscilla club,” says Miss Engstedt,

“having a president and small green

We meet





once a week. The first thing we need-





ed was something in which to carry.





our work. Accordingly during Septem-

ber white figured blue cotton material

was made into round bottomed bags. A

vote was taken and crocheting was

elected for October’s work. A simple

white edge was taught and squares of

linen were finished off with a pretty

blue edge. The‘boys numbered the

handkerchiefs and placed them on ex-

the mothers club to

choose a prize winner.



“This month, November, we have

been making aprons out of white India

linen, edged with lace. December will

be spent making trifles out of ribbon,

bits of silk, etc. During January we

want to sew baskets out of raftia, and

February will be given to beadwork.

By the first of March I hope to have

my sewing machine up here and teach

the girls how to use paper patterns for

simple pieces of underwear. By April

they can make wash dresses and May

will be devoted to making straw hats

over wire frames.”



Miss Mildred Cornwell, of District

No. 5, Clam Lake, and Miss Esther An-

derson, of District No. 3, Cherry Grove

township, report some work done in

sewing which has been received with

enthusiasm by both parents and chil-

dren.



“I suggested serving something

warm at lunch at one of our commu~

nity meetings,” says Miss Mary'Ellen

Lewis, of Hillsdale county. “The pa-

trons were in favor of the plan, so we

partitioned off the schoolroom with a

curtain. One of the mothers donated

an oil stove, some others tinware and

a cupboard. We have linoleum on the

floor and an oil cloth placed behind the

stove for hanging kitchen utensils.

Each child has her own individual dish-

es, knife, fork and spoon. The' school

board consented to furnish the oil, so

we are at no expense.



“I have the larger girls serve dinner

alternately. The menu is planned on

slips, placed in each dinner pail so the

mothers know where to find them.

Following is the menu for different

days: Baked potatoes, cocoa, soups,

rice and creamed potatoes.”



Commissioner Harry McClave re-

ports that several other schools in the

county are serving warm lunches.





SCHOOL SOCIAL CLUB.





BY ii. L. E.





When a mothers’ club was organized





in my school, the social disadvantage

of a rural life was emphatically pro-

nounced. Realizing then, the children

were not obtaining any more education

along those lines than their parents

had, I organized a club for.the pupils.

Our club was just' like the “grown-

ups.” Each pupil was a member on

paying a five-cent due. We met every

Friday after recess and elected new

officers each month. At first, to teach

correctly, I made out the routine of

business for the president, and wrote

out the various motions for the pupils.

It was surprising how quickly the chil-

dren learned to conduct a meeting and

very satisfactory when a first-grade

pupil could make a motion correctly.

K'We needed several new things in our





 





room, so the club had a .box social and

cleared $8.00. When the district saw

the improvement-our $8.00 made in the

chool-room’s appearance, they were

aroused, and made many needed re.

pairs on the building.



We named it “Happy-Go-Lucky” club

and used the following song as our

club song:

“Happy-Go-Lucky is always gay,

Laughing and singing the livelong day,

Searching the attic and sliding down





stairs,

Spoiling his clothes with the awfulest





tears.



CHORUS.

“Happy-Go-Lucky, merry and bright,

Happy-Go-Lucky, my heart’s delight.

He falls and he tumbles.





a grin,



For bumps and for bruises, he cares

not a pin.



He falls in the river, but swims like a

duck





He never is hurt, for it isn't his luck."



Later, when we had sleigh rides, we

adopted club yells. Following is one:

“One a zip, two a zip, it three a zip a

zam, H. G. L. Club, don’t give a razzle

dazzle, hobble gobble, zip boom b'om.

H. G. L. club! Rah! Rah! Rah!”



At Christmas time we had a co-oper-

ative dinner and party. How those

children enjoyed the feast. We also

dressed and bought a doll for a poor

child’s Christmas. Even the boys were





enthusiastic and wanted to help. These .





spreads all took place in the school

room.



At the close of. the year we had a

picnic and a marshmallow roast, thus

using our funds.



I taught in that school three years

and the club was continued. Our col-

ors were green and white and we pur-

chased sterling silver enameled club

pins with “H. G. L. C." engraved on

them, for 25 cents.



The district was delighted with our

work as few country pupils are given

the opportunity of learning parliamen-

tary rules. I am sure rural teachers

will be able to add many helpful ideas

in connection with this.





 





MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS.





Our latest Fashion Book, containing

illustrations Of over 1,000 designs of

ladies’, misses’ and children’s gar—

ments in current fashions, also newest

embroidery designs, and articles which

give valuable hints to the. home dress-

maker, will be sent to any address up-

on receipt'of ten cents. " All patterns

are ten cents each.





 





 





No. 81 .9—Ladies’ Russian Blouse. Cut

in sizes 34 to 42 inches, bust meas‘

ure. The blouse closes at the front

and may have long or short sleeves.



No. 8161—Ladies’ Bungalow Apron.

Cut in sizes 36, 40 and 44 inches,

bust measure. The apron closes at

the back and there are sash strings

at the back also.



No. 8174—Girls’ Dress. Cut in sizes 6.

8, 10, 12 and 14 years. The deep

yoke and panel are in one piece at

the front and back. Closing is at



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He's up with .





"TH E; M to HIGANF A p. M E .R





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Ideas—a part of Curtis Wood?

work but ndt a part of its price





BI Every home builder may have a choice of the Curtis



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built-in furniture. These ideas are selected from the





We have other ideas—ideals we might say—about





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Go to your lumber dealer and you will find this

He can show you hundreds of designs in the

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Every piece of Curtis Woodwork bears this trademark—CURTIS. That

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Eliminates the o u t- door





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power light from common Kerosene.

Tho Boocon Lamp Mokoo

. and Burma Ito Own Goo

Better, brighter, safer, cheaper than

Goo. Gasoline or Electricity. veg

homo interested. 600.000 ootisfl

users. Agents wanted. Write quick

for selling plan, exclusive fro.





trial ofi'er.





 





 





   





A boon to invalids. Endorsed





/





 





   

 

 





WI! b State Boards of E 1th





ABSOLUTELY ODORLESS





Put It. Anfwhero In The House

The germs are 1: Had by a chemical prooeoo in

water in the container, which you empty once 5

month. Absolutely no odor. No more trouble

to emp‘t‘y than ashes. Closet. absolute] guaran- -

coed. rice for full description and pr 00.

ION! SAIITAI‘ IN 90. 1333 ROWE ILN" DUIOIT.





Aokob tth Ro-So Wo h to d—ni-l

minim?“ Wong: Wiz‘hzutnl’lumlfignd Cold I‘m"





LET us TAN .

vnun HIDE.





Cattle or Home hide. Calf, Dog, Deer

ornny kindof skin Willi hair or fur on.

No ton ond llnloh thou! rllhl: make

them into coats (for men and women).

robes. runs or gloves when ordered.



Your fur goods will cost on less than

to buy them. and be wort more. Our

Illustrated catalog gives a lot; of iii-

formation which every stock raiser

should have, but. we nevcrsend out this

valuable book except. u on request.



It: tells how to take 0 and core for

hides: how and when on pay tho lrolghl



w o [about our safe dyeing pro-

cess wh ch is a. tremendous advantage

to the customer. especially on horoo

hldoo and on" aklno; about: the fur

goods and game trophies we sell. taxi-

dermy, etc. It you want. a. copy send us

yloltlir Eom't aiddress. \



c r y rlslon l-‘ur Company.

~ 571 lycll Ave" Rochester. N. Y.





   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





Quick Shipment





direct from manufacturers. -

Highest quality warm air

furnace at wholesale price.

Writeforcatalogfillodwith .'.





helpfulhints on home heat-

ing and tellinghow you can

save mono on this power-

ful heating [3 ant. One register

—-eosy to Install. No on

lrolght. Cuhoreosy payments. ‘-

erto for Catalog No. 909

“LAM STOVE co.





, ’, Monolocturoro

A nominates "" ""





Direct to You





 





 





WHOLESALE





-:: 95F ....... .

Gettho and ' L0 ‘





10 t d.



WE PAY POST EXPRESS (Ot- fill-$31!}!

If YOU WV. 000 00'": I!



VNE comm co. (unison Cofioo W



opt. 1. ass-57' w. Madison so. c coco.





 





 





 





 





lining on Ilcllgn Faro" Mm lrltlu merits": l





 





BEST FOR THE READER

Tunanron)





BEST FOR THE ADVERTISER





Michigan Partner,





Detroit, Mich. . l '

(Bole 40¢ per line.) Guaranteed Rate per





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Ohio Pomor, “t" I 1""



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Ponnsymnla Farmer ~





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Rate 30c per line.)





lndlanu Farmer, 57,101 .25

Indian opolis. kid.

The Progressive .

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Bimb‘hnm—Rolcllh

Dolla—lomphls.





 





Breeder’s Gazette, 00,000 .60

chimo.iii.

Prairie Former 100,000 .50

Chic-(o.

Iloord's Dolrymon. 67.820 .45

n.Atkimn.wu.

Wisconsin Agri-

culturlsi. 63, 454 .30

Kuhn, Win.

the Poi-mar, 140,855 , .60

It. Poul. lion.

'l'lio Farmer’s Wile 750,000 3.00

Si Poul. lilnu.

Wallace's rumor, 80,000 .40

Du loin“. lo.

Pacific Rural Press 22,000 .16

Son Pronchco. Col.

1,805,351 88.23 .-





These publications are conceded to be tho

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W t OBgROE Y-flflBRBBRT. Inc.

as orn oprosou o N. Ad ..

CHICAGO. ILEfrflfin' Bldg





EWQOLLABCB c. RdgiflARD;°N' Inc.

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A Business Proposition.





In all progressive farming communities

modern and systematic business methods

are rapidly supplanting guess-work and

mere tradition in the handling of soils

and live stock. -





Wherever you see fertile fields, good

buildings, comfortable homes, silos and

improved live stock you know you are

among farmers who are builders, not

wreckers.





It is in the midst of surroundings that

indicate the presence of knowledge—

which is power—Vin the handling of farm





problems that you will invariably find





The Breeder’s Gazette.





To be a member of a “Breeder’s Gazette





Club” in any community is to establish

at once the fact that you are studying

your business, and keeping yourself—

and your books—posted right up to date.





If you do not belong to one, why not

join now?



The “dues” are but $1 a year or $2 for

three years. If there is no agent in your

territory, send your name with the remit-

tance to THE GAZETTE oflice direct,

and ask for information about forming

clubs.





No charge for sample copy or for catalog

of our book publications. Address





THE BREEDER’S GAZETTE,

Rooml 125. 542 S. Dearborn St., Chicago





FRE





To LANDOWNERS

Handy Pocket: Size of Ropp’s

New Calculator—saves figur— .- .-

mg, prevents mistakes. An- x



ewere almost any farm problem. '

Sent free with catalog of





Square Deal

Fence





 





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





to in! tumor it

not already {egigdiif Answers

co .

.3.” ”3:32 “03: Almost In!

"C: outlaeta o t‘

others; why able “es Ion

tight end trim the year Th t

'round. Write for these a

free book: today. “rises

KEVIWIE STEEL I WIIE Cl.

zmlndustml Sir-cl. Peoria, Illinois on “Io

Farm





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





lllll





 





\lllll





 





 





 





 





at , ' i

0





Get my big book and sample or Brown Fence.

Compare our prices and uality with others. We

save you Bi Money. rice: 13¢ per Rod up.

DIRECT FR M FACTORY-FREIGHT PFEPMD

We use heavy DOUBLE GALVANIZED

Wire. 153 styles—Hog. Sheep, Poultry,

Cattle. Rabbit Fence—Gates, Lawn Fence. Steel

Posts and Barb Wire. Write today for big





money saving catalog: and sample to test—free.

» THE nowu ENCE a. IRE co.

m . .. CLEVELAND, OHIO





 





ERTILIZER lift





Biggest bargain ever offered. Sold subject

to State and Government test. Fully guar-

' unwed. ‘ Sui-o on rock phosphate, lime stone,

bone meal, tan age. dried blood. pulverized manure.



etc. Buy direct and save middleman’s profit. Bi



ml: e. Buy before ndvence. Write for (r eemplee en

bulletin- on how to secure best fertiliser for out money.



EASTERN FARM FERTILIZER 00.



BM 0 stock Yard Shaun, Chicago; llI





 





 

 





' ilglllcl in; Ilclim farm nu- mun lawman





, federal legislation.





TIVE METHODS TO AMERICA.





(Continued from page 29).

porated. They have built a hall and

warehouse on the railroad for hand-

ling farm produce. They have also or-

ganized the county agent work in thir-

ty~six out of the sixty-seven counties.

These will form the nucleus for pro-

moting cooperative agriculture all

throughout the state.



New Hampshire. The American

Commission has kindled considerable

interest in cooperative agriculture.

Farmers’ county organizations are do-

ing excellent work in the state. These

have grown up since the passage of

the Smith-Lever bill. Some of the coun-

ties employ women experts in addition

to the regular county agents.



Sasketchewan, Canada. The legisla-

ture of this Province has passed a co-

operative farm mortgageessociation

act for farm credit.



Virginia. This state has waited for

This will probably

be one of the zone centers for the op-

eration of one of the federal land

banks. Activity in cooperative agricul—

ture will undoubtedly be much more

marked from now on. A commission

was appointed by the last general as

» seinbly to study and report on the rur-





APPLYING EUROPEAN co-OPERA,





'fully fifty per cent on the‘lines of pro-





been accomplished in the organization

of cooperative creameries and ware-

houses. These enable the tarmers to

raise money on the warehouse certifi-

cates and has reduced the insurance





duce which are now protected by ware-

houses cOnstructed under this law.



Oklahoma. The Home Ownership

bill perhaps is the most distinctive

thing in the state. This permits farm-

ers owning their own farms to borrow

from state school land funds at about

five per cent interest.



Nebraska. This state has passed a

cooperative law which facilitates the

organization of cooperative organiza—

tion of cooperative companies. The

cooperative elevator is the most. con-

spicuous form of cooperation in this

state. There are about 280 of these

farmers’ elevators already. They also

have established a number of coopera-

tive stores. The Grange and the So-

ciety of Equity are doing considerable

cooperative work. One cooperative

warehOuse in Omaha

worth of business last year and this





year expects to reach the $350,000

mark.

Minnesota. In addition to coopera—





tive stores, banks, elevators and cream-

‘cries, the organization of long-time

first mortgage farm loan bond compa~





 





 





al credit needs of the state. Consider-

able cooperative purchasing is done

by the i‘armers’ cooperative union.



Texas. A comprehensive warehouse

and marketing act went into effect in

January 1915. This has been applied

especially to the marketing of cotton

and other farm products, notably sweet

potatoes. There are something more

than fifty organizations in the state al—

ready. As a direct and indirect result

cotton storage in Texas has increased

from 700,000 bales to about 1,250,000

bales. Storage has also been provided

for something more than 200,000 bush-

els of sweet potatoes.



New York. The land bank of the

state of New York has been in opera-

tion and the bonds are legal for sav—

ings banks in New York. New York

also has a marketing commission and

is doing considerable in the way of

cooperative buying and selling farm

products.



Ohio. The county agent activity has

been the chief factor in getting the

farmers to unite along cooperative

lines. The purchasing of farm supplies

is one of the conspicuous activities

there.



North Carolina. The Credit Union

has shown considerable interest in the

cooperative movement. It has already

realized a saving of 22 per cent on the

purchase of fertilizers in one or more

counties reported on. .



Tennessee. A large number of co-

operative organizations have been es-

tablished throughout the state during

the past two years. These cover cream~

eries, cooperative stores, breeding or-

ganizations and a large amount of edu-

cational work through the Extension

Division of the College of Agriculture.



South Carolina. This state has pass

ed legislation providing for the organi-

zation of cooperative associations and

rural credit union. Considerable has





 





 





ln lreland the Milk is Usually Delivered at Creamery by Women or Children.





 





 





is receiving considerable atten-

tion. First National Bank of Lakefield

is run as a cooperative bank. There

are several other cooperative concerns

in this place which are financed large-

ly by this bank.



Mississippi. Cooperative organiza-

tions in this state is by the stock rais-

ers, dairymen, truck growers, and hay

growers in the main.



California. California as a, result of

the work of the American Commission

has appointed a State Rural Credits

Commision and is at work on a state

rural colonization system. The bank-

ers are showing special activity in pro-

viding better facilities for farm cred-

its. A state market director has also

been appointed and is doing good work.



Massachusetts. A farm land bank

bill has been passed and the credit un-

ion law amended to better facilitate

cooperative organizations. Twenty-

five farmers’ cooperative exchanges

have been organized. These handle co-

operative purchase, sale and manufac-

ture of farm products. Cooperative

marketing is active. Mast of this has

been brought about through the ac-





nies





did $30,000 .





Healthy Grain





Seeds grow faster and mature in-

to good healthy grain when first

freed from smuts by usmg





f:%e :43! rmerzs' grilend





This powerful disinfectant destroys

grain smuts and fungus growth.

Every up-to-date farmer should





use Formaldehyde. it has the su-

preme endorsement of the U. 5. Dept.

of Agriculture. Our Formaldehyde in

one pint bottles costs 35 cents and

treats 40 bushels of grain. Big illus.

trated hand book sent free on request.





PERTH AMBOY CHEMICAL WORKS

.100 William Street





 





 





\‘f3\





; is





h





 





 





 





 





V





 





 





 





 





 





 





New York 2





 





 





D ’ M' I: B“ M

on t rsst e 13 oney

THE virgin soil that the stumps keep out

oi cultivation in the host soil you have.

You can pull outan acre or more oi stumps

in a day at a cost ollrom BC to Sc per stump.

No matter how big or tough the stump. it

walksright out when the llcrculcs gets hold

of it. With the stump come all thelong tap

roots that Sprefld out in all directions. The

land is lelt ready tor cultivation. .





HERCULES

Trip” Stump Puller





Power

Let us Send you prooi that thou—

sands of [armors have made

big money by the He:-

cules. Getour money .‘=

savinq craposition. '.

HERCULES no. (‘0.

137 25th Street. -- -





centu-

ville. -



Ion

Ask



About



Hend- -



Power



Pullere \



Low Prlee



“0.000



Pound. Pull





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Great Northern Railw , .

illustrated descri tive bu letme. One describes op

itien in irrlgat lands in West 0k





and diversified taming paradise. Three-crops 0





first gear after planting. One-third

gate area settled in past year





In Wemtchee North Country.





 





T550 3'” “





I'm-rit A lirnt’





 





 





wring country .





 





mailed on :equeet.

Beet Team Wm.





 





tivity of the Massachusetts members}*





of the American Commissidn. 1



West Virginia. Laws have been pass—

ed providing for agricultural extension,

laying foundation for cooperative

work which is rapidly developing.

County agents are at work in many

counties explaining the cooperative

principle and helping to organize co-

operative associations. . .



Oregon. .General' cooperative laws

were enacted two years ago, also cred-

it union law recommended by the Rus-

sel Sage Foundation. Steps have also

been taken to provide a state cooper-

ative banking law. Through the power

of“ initiation. of legislation under the

oregon censtitution there has been ini-





 





 





tiated a bill for the establiShment for





J ,,

-u- .





has just issued two beentltolly





porten-



anognn Valley at the



foot of the beautiful Cascade Mounteinn—lruit—‘growing c

_ allelic



of entire new Ini-





lnveetigate the Profits Made

This yenr'o fruit «or ~

amazing. Alfalfa—corn—e great Itoc -

e treet- Ineen .

buy on our terrain. 3‘ cure to reed





Book at. that or

u;' "m





.m‘





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Ten Thousand





Acres





of irrigated and non—irri

land, sub-divided into 40, 8





sold on long time an





merits. Soil ver rich and suitab





raising, dairying, etc.

markets.





glutely FREE. -





”outcome Snic-

pgo-Iogsw. r. on, our... link.





ted



and



160 acre tracts, in the Beaver-



head Valley, Montana are being 4. in

d easy .pay-





for diversified arming, live-stock

Excellent

Let me tell you about:

it. Authentic information abso-





. lLMWQWfi-lm





   





 





 





iWhen‘ writing g

.1111: Michigan 'Fa'rm .»





to advertiser ploaseiin‘ention“ '
F1





Hi, '





u\





 





 





   





the Austraiiané—N'ew Zealand System





‘ 100 cooperative organizations in Mich-





‘A' Help to the.





 





of rural credit for the state.

'Michigan. There are reported about





igan. It would be difficult to say just

how fully co-operative in the real sense

of the term these associations are.





They cover a line of elevators ,fruit.

live





exchanges, creameries, stores,

stock breeding, purchasing of farm

supplies.





The land mortgage bank act recently

passed by the congress will no doubt

facilitate the financing of cooperative

agricultural organizations throughout

all the states. As the principles are

better understood and the spirit more

largely obtains it seems certain that

this form of organization will much

more largely obtain.



It is obvious that a system of agri-

culture which is suffiiciently remuner-

ative to be satisfying is a much larger

problem than simply to make our pres-





 





i





cut agricultural population contented



enough to stay on the job. The prob



lem of an adequate food supply is fun-



damental to the success of the indus-



trial and mercantile world as well and



a failure to encourage those who pro-



duce the food supply so that they will



furnish a dependable supply will react



upon every department of civic life.



We shall never get away from the



truth uttered by the poet long, long



ago:



“The King may rule o’er land and sea,



The Lord may live right royally,



The soldier ride in pomp and pride,



The sailor roam o’er ocean wide;



The writer thinks, the poet smgs,



The craftsman fashions wondrous

things, ,



The doctor heals, the lawyer pleads,



The miner follows precious leads;



The merchant he will buy or sell,



The teacher do his duty well;



So men may toil through busy days,



Or men may stroll through pleasant

ways;



Beggar or King, what ’ere befalls—



The farmer he must feed them all.”





i!lllllIlllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll||Illllllllllllllllllillllllllllllll|lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllI'M!lliHilllllllllllllilllllllllIlllllliIllillllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllillllllll





HE typewriter has never been



considered a farm implement,



but it is a machine which can be

used profitably in nearly every farming

business. After a hard day in the

field the average farmer is not in a

mood to write letters, even to the best

of friends, and for this reason “friend-

ship correspondence” is sadly neglect-

ed by many farmers. It is easier to

strike the letters of a typewriter on

the machine and form a word than it

is to form the same word with a pen.

.The word can be written more rapidly

with no cramping of the hand and no

eye strain and many farmers who have

considered letter writing a bore with a

pen have enjoyed pounding out their

thoughts on a typewriter.



As a business asset the typewriter is

of value to the farmer producing and

advertising pure-bred stock. Inquiries

answered on the typewriter are easily

read by the prospective customer and

there is little danger of a misunder-

standing in prices because of careless

writing. By making a carbon copy of

business letters the farmer has a rec-

ord of transactions which may be of

great value in settling future disputes.

In ordering materials for use on the

farm it pays to-typewrite the orders

and then there is no excuse for a man-

ufacturer sending the wrong article.



It requires years of practice to be-

come a skilled stenographer, but only

a few hours at intervals will teach the

farmer to pick out words with the first

finger and as speed increases it is pos-

sible to add a finger to the work until

finally the operator can use all of the

fingers on each hand in writing 011 the

machine. The writer who never at-

tempts to use more than one finger on

each hand will make a mistake as it is

possible, while using the machine in

business correspondence to gradually

accustom all of the fingers to‘striking

the keys. Practically all typewriter

manufacturers send simple directions

with their machines, which are of as-

sistance in learning to write. _



In buying a machine the quality and

make will depend on the amount of

money which can be expended for that

purpose. Of course, a brand nemma-

chine of one of the finest makes will

give the best service, but such an in-

vestment is not necessary for the farm-

er who is only using the machine at

intervals. In a city office a typewriter

may receive constant pounding for

about eight hours per day, and it is

evident that such service requires a

better machine than is necessary in

the farm office, which may not turn

out more than fifteen or twenty letters





' ‘each week.





The old style of typewriters usually

were invisible, or in other words, you

could not see the words go-down on

the paper as they were written. The

newer makes are visible and as you

can see the words form before the eye

it is much easier to learn to use a ma-





Business Farmer





chine of the visible type. In buying a

typewriter it does not always pay to

buy the cheapest and a man with some

idea of mechanics can determine

whether a certain machine is a good

investment or not. Of course, the type-

writer is not. in the class of absolutely

necessary farm implements, but it is a

great time saver for the farmer who

is constantly worrying about corres-

pondence stacking up when other work





seems to demand about all of his time. '\





Ingham Co. R. G. Kinnv.





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





Cattle prices have widened out ma-

terially, of late because of the predom-

inance of light, thin steers from the

pastures and ranges of the country,

but in a short time the grassers will

stop coming, and then owners of cat-





tle in the farming districts will have a

much better show in the markets of

the country. Monday is usually the

big day of the week, and on a recent

Monday close to 38,000 cattle arrived

in the Chicago market, precipitating a

big break in prices for the general run

below good kinds, but the small per-

centage of fat beeves sold as high as

ever. It is definitely known that there

is a general scarcity of fat. corn-fed

beeves in feeding districts all over

the country, and such cattle are des~

timed to command extremely high

prices all the coming winter period.

Some cattlemen have the knack of pro-

ducing good results in a short time,

and a recent. shipment of a carload of

cattle arrived on the Chicago market

from an Illinois feeding district which

was bought 60 days before in Kansas

City, having made a gain of three and

one-third pounds a day, striking an av-

erage.



Ohio farmer—stockmen report many

farms in central Ohio short on feeding

cattle and hogs, because of ravages of

hog cholera. One farmer has a farm of

1000 acres, and while he usually has

hogs, today he has not a hog. Other

at this season of the year 500 or more

farmers have had similar experience.

. Recent developments in the Chicago

sheep market. were highly favorable

for sellers of desirable flocks of lambs,

yearlings, wethers and ewes, with de-

creasing receipts. A short time ago

the receipts rose to unusually liberal

proportions, as the advent. of winter

weather caused many sheepmen. to

hurry up shipments, and shipments

from the distant western ranges were

especially heavy; but now that the

range shipping season is over, the mar-

kets of the country will have to de.

pend wholly upon shipments of natives

and fed westerns. Careful investiga-

tions reveal the fact that approximate-

ly 20 per cent less feeding is being car-

ried on.than a year ago, with the

greater part in Colorado, Nebraska

and Iowa. Prices for all desirable of—

ferings are extraordinarily high, and

in all probability the winter season

will see much higher values than ever

before. This being the case, shepmen

cannot fail to see the great importance

of finishing their flocks with the great-

est care, as poorly fattened stock has

to go at a sharp discount from prices

paid readily for the best offerings. Of

late a great many consignments were

so full of burrs that they had to be

sold at liberal concessions. Wool is

selling extremely high, and so are the

pelts. .





 

 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 

 





 





 





Step into These. <

Boots During "’

Wet Weather





Lambertville

"L' ' Bran

(duck vamp).

I low-price. Ion.-

wearunc‘ahofl

o I





They are watertight and weatherproof—warm

and dry as toast. Lambertville Rubber Footwear

is, the nearest approach to permanence in foot-

wear ever made. The Lambertville “L” brand

boot shown above has a, duck vamp. It is chock-

ful of Lambertville long-wearing quality.





LAMBERTVILLE

RUBBER. FOOTWEAR





includes but brands in arctics, boots and shoes of various

grades at races to suit all requirements: “Sna -Proof,"

1: heavy uck reinforced with rubber. “Redskin," made

of red rubber. “L” brand, described

above . “Lam’co” is pure gum with

heavy ribs.





 

 

 

 





There is a Lambertville dealer "um.”

near you. If you don’t locate him, ”$335.

write us and we W111 see that you “$3“,





are supplied. Send for booklet.





LAMBERTVILLE RUBBER COMPANY

Lambertville, N. J.





 





   

 

 





 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 





moisture and plant foods are more available. Your soil will yield full-

er. richer crops if properly limed.





180 West Jefferson Ave.,





 

 

   

   

   

   

   





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





OLVAY I’ULVERIZED LIME STONE sweetens acid or sour soil—

liberates needed Potash and places it at disposal of crops—loosens

heavy. clay sotl and binds together loose. sandy soil. so that





Our experts have proved liming

to he of enormous benefit to barley. oats, timothy. clover. alfalfa.

beets, etc. by actual tests.



SOLVAN (ll'ARAN’I‘EES its Pulverized Lime Stone to (-ontaiu

94% total varlmnates. Guarantees 95% passes through :30 mesh

spreen—AS l"l.\ l'. AH FLOUR. ”l‘wotons sufficient to the acre.

Easy to apply. >





v Get our lime book free, containing full



0L A information on liming the soil. 'l‘lu-n



,uwmm if you have a special problem write

our experts for free advice.





LIMIS'I'OII.





The Solvay Process Company





Detroit, Mich.





 





 





 





 





finsragmp DmnorrNanomu BANK





MIMIII FIDERAL RESERVE BANK





QDVER $60,000,000 of resources give to this

bank a strength and dominance that are

reflected in thescrvice it is able to give to its clients.

Correspondence is invited from banking institu—

tions or general business concerns to Whom a

Detroit connection is desirable.





DETROIT





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 





 





 





..,__ n T___ . —J





CA PA BLE A GEN T and

. f o r 8 3 5i)

FARM TRACTOR which will be purchased by everv

farmer within six monthswho can raise the. price: wi I

absolutely revolutionize farmi ng and this Agency will

be very valuable to owner. National campaign will be

started shortly announcing these 'I‘ ACTORS. by ‘

thirty-)‘lillion capital ('nxu-ern. options given to first

applicants qualifying for each section: was th NOT

“Remember the Ford." Address Box 0.

Detroit, Mich.





 

 

   

   

 





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GRAINS AND SEEDS.





 





_ January 9, 1917.



Wheat.———Wheat advanced on Mon-

day to new high records. May wheat

Closed that day on the Detroit market

at a half cent above $2 a bushel. It is

generally believed that foreigners pur-

chased much wheat on the recent de-

cline. The United Kingdom is facing

a shortage in supplies of this cereal,

Which with the rather discouraging

world crop news seems to be placing

the food supply of that kingdom in an

embarrasisng condition. Much corn is

being purchased here by exporters to

substitute for wheat. wherever this can

be done. Political news is also bullish,

particularly the agreement among the

Allies to continue the war. Dealers

are coming to believe that this coun-

try has already sold all that can be

spared, and there is no more argument

against the statement that the Ameri-

can supply of wheat will be scarce be-

fore the new crop is available. The U.

S. visible supply decreased 2,598,000

bushels during the week. Primary re—

ceipts were one million bushels less

than last year. .No. 2 red wheat was

quoted locally at $1.24 per bushel at

this date 1916. Last week’s Detroit

quotations were:





No. 2 No. 1



, . Red. White. May.



Wednesday ..... 1.95 1.90 1.99



Thursday .... . . .193 1.88 1.97

Friday .......... 1.90 1.85 1.941,};

Saturday ....... 1.94 1.89 1.98%;

Monday ........ 1.96 1.91 2.001%;

Tuesday .... . . . .1.94 1.89 1.98%

(‘hicago.-~~- May wheat, $1.89; July





$1.51: Sept. $1.37.



Corn—There was a large volume of

trade in corn circles on Monday and

prices have sprung upward with those

of wheat. Foreign buying and the wide

perspective demand abroad for cereals

gave great impetus to the trading.

There was a general demand in the

United Kingdom for feeding and mix—

ing while export. offers ran very mod-

erately. The U. S. visible supply in-

creased 931,000 bushels. A year ago

No. 3 corn was quoted- at 73c per





bushel. Last week’s Detroit quota-

tions were:

No. 3 No. 3



Mixed. Yellow.

Wednesday ........ 1.02 1.03 1,43

Thursday .......... 1.03%) 1.05

Friday ............. 1.0215 1.04

Saturday ........... 1.03 1.04

Monday ............ 1.03%; 1.04%»

Tuesday ........... 1031/2 1.04%





Chicago—May corn 9858c per bu;

July 979130.



Oats—«\Yhile the quantity of oats in

sight in this country is about 17,000,-

000 greater than a year ago, the recent

strengthening of the wheat and corn

deals gave firmness to this trade, caus-

ing general buying and a restriction of

the late selling pressure. Export buy»

- ing is becoming more urgent. The. U.

S. visible supply decreased 26,000 bu.

last week. Standard oats were quoted

at, 48c per bushel a year ago. Last

week’s Detroit quotations are:





No. 3

Standard. TVhite.

Wednesday ....... ,_ . . 60 59%

Thursday ........... 60 591/2

Friday .............. 60 59 1/2

Saturday ............ 60 591,43

Monday ............. 601.13 60

Tuesday ............ 60% 60





Chicagor—May oats 57730 per bu;

July 550.



Rye.——This trade is slow and of

small volume with cash No. 2 quoted at

$1.43 per bushel.



Beans.——l<‘urther additions were

made to local quotations last week,

with the demand active and the mar—

ket firm at the new figures. immediate

. and prompt shipment, are now quoted

at Detroit at $6.40 per bushel. The

Chicago trade shows some improve-

ment with only a fair supply on hand.

Pea beans, hand-picked, are now quot—

ed at $6.50; red kidneys at $6.90@7.10

per bushel.



Seeds.——Market is easy and demand

fair. Prime red clover $10.80; March

$10.85; alsike $11: timothy $2.50. '



Peas.-—Trade is light and offerings

limited with prices unchanged. At. (‘hi-

cago field peas. sacks included, are

quOted at $2.75@3 per bushel.





FLOUR AND FEEDS.





 





Lf-‘lour.—-Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detroit

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best





patent $9.90; seconds $9.60; straight





3. $9.40; spring patent $10.50; rye flour

8





.80. ,



Feed—In 100-lb. sacks, jobbing lots

are: Bran $31: standard iniddlings

. $33; fine middlings $35: cracked corn

$31: coarse corn meal $42; corn and

', oat chop $38 per ton. .

' Hays—In cariots at Detrmt: No. 1





u





“ timothy $14.50@15‘-;-





'they sold mostly 100 higher.





aim-down; No. 2 timothy $12@13;.

light mixed $13.50@14; No. ,1 mixed

$13.50@14;, No. 1 clover $12@13.50.,



Straw.—In cars at Detroit, rye straw

$9@10; wheat and oat straw'$8.50@

9 per ton.





DAIRY AND POULTRY PRODUCTS.





 





Butter.—The market is firm with

supply light. Creamery extras 390;

do. firsts 37c; packing stock 270.



Elgin.-——Market conditions are some-

what easier but there is no change in

price. Price, based on sales, is 39c.



Chicago.——The demand is moderate

with the under grades quiet. Prices

unchanged. Extra creameries quoted

at 39c; extra firsts 37@38c; packing

stock 281/2c.



Poultry.—Scarcity of all kinds of

poultry has caused a general increase

in prices. N0. 1 spring chickens 20@

21c; No. 2 do. 18@19c; No. 1 hens 200;

No. 2 do 18@181/gc; small do 14c per

lb; ducks 22(r23c; geese 200; tur-

keys 280. ..



.C-hicago.-Ma1‘ket. fairly steady with

the demand and supply-light. Turkeys

12@220; fowls 18@181/zc; spring chick-

ens 19c; ducks 15@190; geese 14@16c.



Eggs.-—~()fferings of fresh eggs were

light and higher prices resulted i-‘irsts

44c: current receipts 33@3ch.



Chicago.——A firm feeling continues

for strictly fresh and storage eggs.

Fresh firsts are 1c lower than last

week and are. quoted at. 39@400;‘ ordi-

nary firsts 35fil36c; miscellaneous lots‘,

cases included 32@40c; Aprils, stor-

age paid 350.





FRUITS AID VEGETABLES.





 





Apples.-Market steady with prices

slightly lower. Baldwins $5.25@5.50;

Spy and King $5.75 for the best. At





Chicago light. supplies cause a general.





advance in prices. No. 1 stocksells at

$3636 per bbl; No. 2 at $2@2.50.

Potatoes.~Demand is good and sup-‘

ply light. Prices are hioher. The quo-

tations at Detroit. in carzlots are $1.65@

1.75 for bulk and $1.75@1.85 in sacks.

At Chicago prices are higher than last

week, but, increased receipts is causing

an easier feeling. Michigan white po-

tatoes are quoted at $1.65frr180.





 





\Yool supplies are getting short and

prices, as a result, are becoming

stronger.’ Not only are supplies in

smaller volume than at the corres-

ponding time a year ago, but business

must. go on without the aid of the us-

ual supplies from Australia for the

next six months at least. A fair

amount of territory wools and some

fleeces were sold last week. Michigan

unwashed delaines are quoted at 420;

do. combing 41 @460: do. clothing 34@

38c per lb.





GRAND RAPIDS.





 





 





The potato market is around $1.50 at

the loading stations at present and the

movement. is light. The bean market.

has advanced to $6 at. Greenville and

some points north of Grand .Rapids,

while local quotations are $5.50@5.75.

Wheat. advanced 4c Monday, with buy-

ing price at. the mills $1.84 for No. 2

red. Oats range from 55@580; corn

90c(riz$1; buckwheat $1.15@1.20.





DETROIT EASTERN MARKET.





 





 





Business on the Eastern Market is

recovering from the slack trade follow-

ing the holiday season. Large offer-

ings of apples were made on Tuesday

morning and prices ranged fronr75c@

2.25 per bu, Kings and Spies selling at

the top figures. Cabbage was held at

$2; carrots $1.60@1.70; potatoes at

$2.10; parsnips $2: pork 15c; butter

450: eggs 600.





LIVE STQCK MARKETS.





 





Buffalo.

January 8, 1917.



Receipts here today as follows: Cat—

tle 123 cars: hogs 75 d. (1.; sheep 25 d.

(1.; calves 800 head.



Vl'ith 123 cars of cattle today, the de-

mand was strong and all classes met

a ready sale at strong prices. There

were very few good shipping cattle

here and the best load sold at $10.75,

with several loads from $9.50@10.50.

There was a good strong demand for

what butcher cattle were here and

We look

for a fair run of cattle here next Mon-

dav and a good trade.



Receipts 0f hogs were very light to-

day and market 5@10c higher, with

some light weights as much as 25c

higher than Saturday’s best time. The

bulk of the sales were around $11.15@

11.25. with a few selected loads at

$11.30: pigs, as to weight and, quality

“025691050: roughs $9.75@10; stags

“@9. About evervthinor sold at the

close and it looks‘like we, should have

a fair trade balance of the week.



With another ’light run of lambs

again today the market' was active and





-/ o





 





standarditimothy’ .





prices ’2'5‘c' igher than ccloseftiflast

week.» We look for shade lower prices

balance of the. week'with moderate re.-





.' ceipts.





We quote: Best lambs $14.35@ 14.50;

cull to common $9@14; yearlings $8@

12.75; bucks $5.50@8; ewes $9@9.50;

cull sheep $4.50@7.50; wethers $10@

10.50; top veals $14.50@15. heavy $7@

9; common and light $;$@12.50; grass-

ers $5.25@‘6.50.





 





Chicago. '



January 8, 1917.

Cattle. hogs. Sheep.



Receipts today..26,000 60,0u0 16,000



same day 1910‘. .16,759 79,792 12,200





Last week ...... 60,024 207,696 60,349

Same wk 1916...48,758 334,279 80,192





Cattle were late in selling today, and

it looked as though buyers would insist

upon some concessions for undesirable

kinds, but it was generally agreed that

others would sell satisfactorily, the

proportion of choice beeves being very

small. HOgs were a. dime or more

higher, selling at $9.85(g>10.75. During

the past‘week hog receipts averaged

195 lbs, and 55,729 hogs were shipped

from here, comparing with 46,224 a

week earlier and 66,009 a. year ago. To-

day’s receipts of sheep and lambs were

so small that sellers were asking high-

er prices for fat lots, and it was al-

most a foregone conclusion that prime

lambs would sell higher, the Buffalo

market being much higher. .



Cattle receipts last week were not

over large, and there was a much im-

proved general local and shipping de-

mand, following the slower trade dur-

ing the holidays. The result was that

sellers were in a position to assert

themselves once more, and prices were

largely 15@250 higher for desirable of-

ferings. The bulk of the beef steers

crossed the scales at a range of $8.50

@1075, with the better class of the

cattle going at $10.85@11.50, while a

fancy lot of long~fed steers that had

been fed plenty of corn brought. $11.70.

Steers classed as good found buyers

at $10@10.80, while a medium grade of





cattle went at $9@9.95, with fair kill-v





ers taken at $7.80@ 8.95 and inferior

lots of little steers at. $6@7.75. Butch-

ering cattle were in strong demand

and unusually firm in price, with cows

taken at $5.90@8.50 and heifers at

$'5.50@10.50; but canners andvcutters

were relatively the highest sellers of

all, canners selling at $4.50@5.25' and

cutters at. $5.30@5.85. A good demand

prevailed for bulls, which found an

outlet at $5.25@8, and calves were ac-

tive sellers, prices extending from $5

((1)8 per 100 lbs. for the heavier lots to

$12@13.25 for light vealers of fair to

prime quality. There was a marked

improvement in the country demand

for stockers and feeders at irregularly

high prices, stockers selling at a range

of $5.50@7.75 and feeders usually at

$7.20@8.50. There was a poor demand

for the commoner kinds of light stock-

ers, and these went largely to killers.

Demand centered mainly on a. good

class of feeders, although not many

buyers were willing to pay the highest

price. The sales at $8 and upward

were usually restricted to choice feed-

ers that weighed well over 900 lbs.

Among the feeder sales may be men-

tioned 24 head averaging 1015 lbs. at

$8.50, and 21 that averaged 1042 lbs.

at $8. Stockers and feeders were most-

ly 15@25c higher.



Hogs were in the accustomed good

local and shipping demand last week

following the Monday holiday, al-

though buyers succeeded in forcing

some breaks in prices, which were fol-

lowed by the usual reactions. The out-

look is generally looked upon as high-

ly encouraging for stockmen who are

so fortunate as to be the owners of

thrifty young hogs and pigs, and mar-

keting the youngsters where owners

have sufficient feed is making a seri-

ous business mistake, according to the

best. authorities. Provisions are [in the

usual large domestic and foreign de-

mand, and yet the stocks held in Chl-

cago warehouses have grown to 121,-

323,856 lbs., comparing with only 93,-

518,964 lbs. a month ago and 87,125,772

lbs. a. year ago. Although the week’s

receipts of hogs were larger than a

week earlier, prices closed strong at

$9.50@10.10 for light. bacon hogs,$10.15

@1035 for selected light shipping,

$10.50@10.65 for the best heavy sh1p-

pers, $10.20@10.50 for heavy packers,

$10.30@10.40 for “singers,” weighing

170 to 200 lbs. and, $8@9.50 for pigs.



Lambs, yearlings, wethers and ewes

continued to sell extremely well last

week, with prime offerings selling at

fresh high records; while the next

grades sold extremely high, too, 'as

they were wanted as substitutes for

first-class lots. Feeding lambs, too,

were much called for, and the small

offerings caused them to sell extraordi-

narily high, this being especially true

of shearing lambs for finishing quickly.

At: the. close prices were: Lambs $10

@1375: feeding and shearing lambs





‘ $9.75@12.75: yearlings $9 @1225 ;. weth-





ers $621040: etves $5.50@10; bucks

and stags $7.50@8.25; shorn lambs at

$10.25@12.





Horses were in fair supply and in





 





a. ve ”7nd,; d and

week. and prices remaine

daily for horses of the army types.





 





'Sales were-on the basis of $25@10,0 for





western branded horses up; to $185@





285 for drafters, with drivers salable at ._





$100@.200. A carload of mixed horses,

weighing from 1400 to 1700 ms, was

sold to a Boston buyer at $150@250.





 





LIVE STOCK Néws.





 





Thos. Rust, of McLean county, 111.,

says that in his opinion the time has

arrived when long feeding of cattle

should be stopped, his experience go-

ing to prove that the best results are

obtained from feeding for 90 days or

even for a shorter period. He says:

“Pbought a drove of 1,300—lb. steers in

Missouri this year, fed them for 77

days, their gain during that time be-

mg 150 lbs. per head, and I sold them

on the Chicago market for $10.25 per





100 lbs.,. their first Cost having been.





$8.25 per 100 lbs. Compared with long-

feds selling a dollar per_100 lbs. high-

er, they proved big ‘money—makers.

Unless handling calves, corn-belt feed-

ers will be compelled to abandon the

practice of carrying cattle in'feed lots

for a year, making several turns in

that time. Each season the market re-

quires fewer big cattle, and making





them involves chance- taking which





the average feeder cannot afford.” ,



In spite of the. fact that prime beef

cattle have been advanced to an unus-

ually large premium over the prices

paid for merely good grade cattle,

most stock feeders are persisting in

marketing warmed—up and short-fed

cattle, taking the view that it is a dan-

gerous policy to put much high—priced

corn into cattle. Of late larger num-

bers of stockers and feeders have been

shipped from Chicago to the surround-

ing country, but this movement contin-

should be; and the long continued mar-

ues on a much smaller scale than it

keting of immature beeves is bound to

result in corresponding curtailed mar—

ketings of fat cattle later on and in

higher prices.

have sold higher recently, and the

whole market has seen a very high

range of prices, even canners and cut-

ters being unusually high sellers.





CROP AND MARKET NOTES:





 





Michigan.



Hiltsdale Co., Jan. G.—-’l‘he weather

has been favorable for wheat and clo-

ver. Plenty of hay and stalks are in

the hands of farmers. Owing to the

high price of corn, many light hogs

have been sold, and young pigs have

gone down in price, many farmers not

wishing to keep them till spring. Con-

siderable numbers of western lambs

are being fed in some townships of the

county, with prospects of good profits.

The ice harvest was commenced the

first week of the new year, with the ice

about nine inches thick. Wheat $1.80;

rye $1.25.; oats 50c; yorkers 100; hogs,

dressed 13c; beef cattle $5@8; calves

$10.50; chickens 15c; eggs 370; good

dairy butter 300; butter—fat 500; clo-

ver seed $9.50; beans $5.50; potatoes

$2 per bushel.



Arenac Co., Jan. 8.—Farmers are

getting out wood supply for next sum-

mer. There is very little feeding be-

ing done. Farm products are nearly

all marketed except beans. Not much

snow here. Potatoes $1.75; beans $6;

corn $1; wheat $1.71; milk $2.021A;

butter-fat 37c.



Gratiot Co., Dec. 29.—Wheat and rye

went under the snow' a week before

Christmas looking good. Roads are ex-

cellent. Most farmers are well sup-

plied with coarse feeds. More than

the usual amount of young cattle are

being fed. The attractive prices of

milk and butter has a tendency toin-

crease the number of cows kept. Milk

$2.05 per cwt; wheat $1.70; beans at

$5.50; oats 50c; com 450; hogs $8.75;

pork $10@12; potatoes $1.50; eggs 36c.



Emmet Co., Dec. 30.——Moderate

weather prevails here. Fields are well

protected with snow which is now a

foot or more in depth. The usual quan~

tity of wood and logs is being market-

ed. Stove wood $2.50@3 per cord, ma-

ple logs $15@16 per M. Horse market

is weak, with prices. low. There is a

good demand for fresh milch cows.



Ohio.



Medina Co., Jan. 6.-—The ground is

bare. Farmers are cutting wood and

a few indulge in trapping. Less feed-

ing is being done than usual. Corn

fodder will not last through the sea-

son, but hay and other feeds are plen-

tiful. Much wheat has been marketed

the past week, and there is consider-





able hay and grain yet. to be sold. Hogs ~





$10.25; potatoes $2; wheat $1.76; milk

22c per gal; butter 400; eggs 45c. '





Fall Pasture—The co dition of fall

pasture as compared wi h an average

per cent is 83 in the state and central





counties, 85 in the“ southern counties, .

89 in the northern counties and 93 in





the upper peninsula. ~ .





(1 firm, espe-





Prime. heavy steers,
JAN. 13, 1917.





THIS IS THE FIRST EDITION.





 





The first edition is sent to those who

have not expressed a. desire for the

latest markets. The late market edi-

tion will be sent on request at any

time.





. killers,





 





DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET.





 





Thursday’s Market.

January 4, 1917.

Cattle.





Receipts 2110. There was a large

run of live stock at the local yards

this week and a large amount of Wed-

nesday‘s receipts arrived too late to

be sold.



The new car situation which will

not allow railroads to use anything but

their own equipment is a great set-

back to the live stock industry. Stock

for New York and eastern points ready

for shipment Wednesday could not be

loaded and no double deck cars of the

initial road could be furnished, and

was still on hand at this writing.



In the cattle~division the quality

was much better than usual a large

number being good enough to bring

from $8@8.50. On Wednesday prices

averaged full steady with last week,

but on Thursday they took a slump

after a few early sales and were dull

and 10@15c lower on all grades. Can-

ners were very dull on account of the

canner buyers being unable to get

their purchases out. The close was

dull. Best heavy steers $8.50; best

handy weight butcher steers $7.50@8;

mixed steers and heifers $7@7.50;

handy light butchers $6@6.75; light

butchers $5@6;, best cows $6.50@7;

butcher cows $5.50@6.25; common

cows $5@5.25; canners $4@4.50; best

heavy bulls $6.50@7; bologna. bulls

$5.50@6; stock bulls $4.50@5.25; feed-

ers $6.50@7; stockers $5@6.50; milk-

ers and springers $40@80.



Haley & M. sold Golden 10 cows av

842 at $5.15; to Mason B. Co. 1 bull

wgh 1590 at $6.25; to Applebaum 3

butchers av 717 at $6.35, 1 cow wgh

970 at $5; to Newton B. Co. 3 do av

917 at $5, 1 do wgh 900 at $4.75, 1 do

wgh 1200 at $6, 1 do wgh 980 at $5.50;

to Sullivan P. CO. 14 steers av 800 at

$6.60; to Brighton D. M. Co. 2 cows av

1000 at $6; to Breitenbeck 7 butchers

av 811 at $6.65, 24 do av 787 at $6.75,

5 do av 656 at $5.35; to Jackson 4

stockers av 560 at $5.75; to Golden 2

steers av 710 at $5.60, 14 butchers av

585 at $5.60; to Bernfeldt 5 do av 684

at. $5.90, 3 cows av 1087 at $5.60, 4 do

av 837 at $5.25, 6 butchers av 471 at

$5.60; to Mason B. Co. 1 bull wgh

1350 at $6.50, 1 do wgh 1420 at $6.25;

to Brighton D. M. Co. 5 cows av 1076

at $5.90; to Thompson 3 steers av 987

at $7.40, 1 bull wgh 1080 at $6, 1 steer

Wgh 850 at $6.75; to Bresnahan 3 cows

av 990 at $4.80; to Rattkowsky 8

butchers av 735 at $5.25; to Sullivan

P. Co. 3 cows av 993 at $4.90; to Den-

ton 2 feeders av 940 at $6.50.





Veal Calves.

Receipts 892. The, veal calf trade

was active and generally 25@500 high-

er than last week on anything good.

Common were dull and there. was a

large number of the receipts of the

common order. Best grades $13@14;

mediums $10@12; heavy $6@8.

Salltlel’ S., B. & G. sold Sullivan P.

Co. 2 av 130 at $13, 4 av 155 at $13;

to Parker, W. & Co. 9 av 160 at $14;

to Rainer 2 av 180 at $11, 1 wgh 130

at $13.50; to Nagle P. Co. 16 av 140

at $13.70; to Burnstine 6 av 135 at

$13.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 wgh 170 at

$7.50, 1 wgh 130 at $13.50, 2 av 120

at $12.50.

Haley & M. sold Sullivan 1’. Co. 2 av

120 at $11, 15 av 150 at $14; to Mich.

13. Co. 9 av 145 at $12.50. -—





Sheep and Lambs.





Receipts 6775. The sheep and lamb

trade. was active and lambs were 250

lower than at the same period a week

ago and sheep held steady. The close

was steady at the advance, selling as

follows: Best lambs $13.50; fair do.

$12@13; light to common lambs $9.50

@11; yearlings $11@11.50; fair to good

sheep $8@8.75; culls and common $5

@6.

Erwin, S. & J. sold Parker, W. & Co.

3 sheep av 125 at $8.50; to Barlage 29

lambs av 70 at $13, 6 do av 55 at

$11.50; to Nagle P. Co. 84 do av 75 at

$13.40, 45 do av 85 at $13.25, 3 sheep

av 115 at $8.25, 4 lambs av 70 at $13.



Haley & M. sold Nagle P. Co. 18

lambs av 70 at $13, 9 sheep av 108 at

$7, 5 do av 140 at $8.50, 12 do av 135

at $8.25, 100 lambs av 87 at $13.50, 6

yearlings av 70 at $11.



Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Nagle P. Co.

27 yearlings av 70 at $11, 62 lambs av

77 at $13.50, 17 sheep av 100 at $7.50,

20 lambs av 48 at $11, 6 do av 65 at

$12; to Sullivan P. Co. 94 do av 75 at

$13.25, 21 sheep av 95 at $7.50.



- - Hogs.

‘Receipts 8048." In. thehog division

' ‘ averaged: aboutfic; higltie; than

. -.a;





,





 





. 'for feeding





LIVE STOCK NEWS.





 





General conditions existing in the

sheep and lamb market remain wholly

favorable for sellers, this being due, of

course, to the great shortage in mar-

ketings at a time of large demand from

who are unable to keep up

their holdings of choice carcasses to

anything like fair proportions. Choice

lambs lead off in the upward move-

ment, just as they have done all the

time, and some prime Colorado lambs,

the first of. the season to be offered on

the Chicago market, sold around the

highest figures. Prime little yearlings

on the lamb order, as well as choice

wethers, are having a full share in the

advances in prices; as are feeding

lambs and breeding eyes. Later on the

markets will receive large supplies of

Colorado fed lambs. _



A short time ago Perry Mathis. of

Illinois, marketed in Chicago a carioad

of cattle that had been out just ninety

days and averaged 3%, lbs. per day

gain from Chicago to Chicago weights.

They cost $7.75 per 100 lbs. when pur-

chased at the start as feeders and were

marketed for $10.50, bringing $1,150

more than they cost.



Hogs are marketed most of the time

with extreme liberality, though around

the Christmas holidays the Chicago re-

ceipts fell off materially, causing a

rally in prices. Of course, there are

reactions after advances in prices, but

hogs sell all the time at far above nor-

mal prices, with a liberal demand for

the various kinds. For quite a num-

ber of weeks the demand in the Chica—

go market for hogs of good to choice

quality to ship to eastern packing

points has been unusually large, east-

ern districts having marketed most of

their matured swine; and this outside

competition has been a powerful bull-

ish influence in making prices. The

past few years saw the highest mar—

kets for hogs on record, and 1917 start-

ed off in a way that promised a con-

tinuance of high market values, al-

though some recent extra large re-

ceipts resulted in declines in quota-

tions. Profits derived from breeding

and fattening hogs for the 'market

were extraordinarily large last year,

although the materially increased cost

of corn and other feeds cut down the

priflts in a measure, of course. Within

a short time prime hogs carrying a

good deal of weight have sold as high

as $10.80 per 100 lbs., whereas a year

ago the best sold for $7. Heavy bar-

rows on the butcher and shipping or-

der have been very scarce, as farmers

have persisted in marketing their hold-

ings much earlier than usual in order

to avoid feeding high-priced corn, and

recent receipts have averaged in

weight not much over 190 lbs. - Fresh

pork has been selling extremely well

all along, while the domestic and ex-

port demand for lard and cured hog

meats has continued abnormally large,

in spite of the extraordinarily high rul-

ing prices. _



The year lately closed saw the high-





’ est live stock markets on record, with





cattle selling particularly high. and

high records recently by selling better

the commoner class of cattle made

relatively than fat beeves. Within a

short time sales have been made of

canners and cutters at $4.50@5.50 per

100 lbs., and these figures are hard to

beat, even if they compare with sales

of the best steers recently at $11@

11.70. When 1916 opened cattle looked

high, yet the best steers failed to go

above $9.85 in January. They had plen-

ty of advances later, however, until

December saw sales of steers at $12.25

@1325. Last year was a great one for

owners of decent cattle, and probably

the most pleasantly surprised sellers

were the dairynien of Illinois, Vl’iscon-

sin and Minnesota, who were able to

dispose of their old cows at higher pric-

es than were paid in many years for

fat beeves. Looking backward ten

years, it is found that top steers sold

for $7.90, with not many selling above

$6.50. Not only are the top-notchers

in cattle scarce and abnormally high,

but the intermediate grades are also

selling extremely well, and stockers

and feeders seem to be the only cattle

that can be called at all cheap. As for

the inferior class of thin stockers, few

buyers want them at any price, and

they have been going mainly for cheap

beef, demand centering on a good class

of fleshy feeders, while limited buying

orders arereceived for high-calss feed-

ers selling at the highest prices. The

northern range cattle marketed last

fall fell below expectations in number,

as well as in quality, with sales made

largely at $7.50@9 per 100 lbs. The

.drought cut down the movement in

feeders to feeding districts, and large

numbers of warmed-up and short-fed

cattle were hurried to market instead

of being carried. well into this year.

This is going to make a big hole in the

beef supply for the first half of 1917.

An extremely important factor in the

situation is the enormous demand for

canned meats and other cheap meats

the armies n'ow fighting in

We ' *- ‘





 





“ r . é;.~,‘f‘.‘~l‘lhl, a} ; '





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





Conditions existing in the American

sheep industry for more than a year

past are alto ether unparalleled, and

in all probabi ity we are going to wit-

ness another year of high records in

prices. At any rate, recent transac-

tions in high-class live muttons were

at the highest prices ever known, with

top lambs going for $13.65 per 100 lbs.

and relatively high values for prime

yearlings, wethers and ewes. Surely,

at such a time any sheepman who fails

to make his holdings good and fat is

making the very worst kind of a blun-

der, even if second and third-rate

flocks are selling far higher than ever





 

   





.113.





25-- 49





substitutes for choice live muttons,

which are comparatively scarce in all

the markets of the country. Wool is

bringing unusually high prices every-

where, and as it is expected to remain

high, dealers are anxious to make ear-

ly purchases, fearing a further rise.

Already some of the largest western

outfits have contracted their 1917 clips

at from five to six cents per pound

higher than prices obtained last year.

Sheep pelts have been lowered some in

price within a short time, as all kinds

of hides had sold so high that large

manufacturers of leather threatened to

close down if further advances in pric-





before, because they must be had as es were made.





 





BIIY YOIIR HOME

Machine-cut direct #vaactorq

AT THE INSIDE PRICE





Buy from one source—ha ve all your material arrive at one time—

avold frequent, bothersome trips to town! Deal direct with the.

producer. Get around the high cost of building. Dodge the

exorbitant prices—compounded profits—extra labor—extravagant

waste-fiand tedious dt law of the old—fashioned method. Investi-

gate this newer. better, quickt r system.

LEWIS-BUILT HOMES

Machine-Lut-to-Flt

are the result of modern eiiiciency methods. Write for catalog of

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ship complete house direct. to you, ready—cut. with all materials

complete, at factorv price.

Modern Method of Home Building



Machine cutting saves 40% carpenter labor. No waste. No delays.

Everything furnished for complete house—first grade. materials

throughout. Free plans and instructions. Send 4c postage for

catalog of floor plans, pictures and prices. (Also Home Furnish-





ings Catalog on request.)

LEWIS MFG. CO , Dept. 195, Bay City, Mich.





> I...





i ww- ..,,.-





 

 

 

   





 





Send (:3

Sta.“ fbr Catalog





or 1‘ ,





7,513 7

GLEN-WOOD ,





 





 

 





 





 





F W





, The “Clipper" Improved

Grain and Seed Cleaners





The Clipper is different. in principle from all

other grain and seed cleaners. It has been thor-

oughly tried out by years of constant use by

thousands of thfist farmers. the 1’. S. Depart

merit of Agricultii Agricultural Colleges, Ex-

perimental Farms and hundreds of the leading

seedsmen, seed corn growers, etc. ‘



_The Clipper is the only mill that has the. “Ver-

tical Blast", which weighs every seed and kernel,

separating the light, shrunken, immature seed from

the plump. heavy mature seed, 98% of which will

germinate under test. This point alone makes much

of the difference between crop success and failure.





No Mill Will Do Good Work Without

the Proper Assortment of Screens





\‘Ve furnish an outfit of 12 screens for cleaning and

grading all kinds of seeds, seed grain, seed corn

clovers, alfalfa. millet, timothy. flax, peas, beans.

cow peas, soy lit-ans, etc. And, after the most careful





study and tests in actual work. we guarantee this

screen outfit tube the best that has ever been offered

with any mill. 1 here are screens fort-loverconmin-





ing buckliorii or plantain, timothy seed contnlnin

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many of er difficult separations.





Sold Under a 30 Day Guarantee of Satisfacton or Money Refunded





' ' . No. 1-B $25.00. Freight re id

Made In TWO SIZCS. No. 2-1! $35.00. east of the filsslmgglyla‘vie‘l'f





In Successful Farming lhroo Factors m Promincnl—ihu Soil, ihu Man and Bond Send.





The Clipper Cleaner puts success within your reach by insuring the Good Seed

Write for Catalog and the address of the nearest jobber.





A. T. FERRELL & CO. SAGINAW, W. S. MICHJ

Ship To The Old Reliable Hons.





HAY Daniel McCaffrey’s Sons Co.,





_____623-625 Wnbuh Bldg... Pitt-burgh P-





HA





 





 





 





Comfort for Cows





Keep the cow's udder free from irritating conditions and the

nilklng will be easier the yield better. Bag Balm is a. soothing,

)enetrating ointment that quickly heals all cuts, chaps,

)ruises. sore cracked or injured teats. A sure relief for

:aked bag. and useful in treating bunches and stricture.





 





 





 





Money if you Conslgn toTHE



. RICHMOND CO. Detroit.



21 years in business. Reference

I





More

E . L





 





Large 50c package, sold by 'clruggists and feed





 





 





 





   





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

   





lealers. Ask for free booklet. Dairy Wrinkles." _— your Bank

Dalry Association Co.

£55. Lyndonvllle. Vt. We are paying from ten to fifteen cents above

‘L. , s the highest Official Detroit Market. for strict-

ly new-laid eggs. Write us. American Butter

—_ 8: Cheese Company, Detroit, Michigan.





 





 





 





 

 





BUY YOUR FEED IN CAR tors





Write for delivered prices

Owosso, Mich.





 





We can save you money.

RANDOLPH, BALL 8: YOUNG.





 

 





 





 

 





 





When writing to advertisers





 

 

 

   

 





please mention the Michi-

gan Farmers. '1 i I





. lug-«an» it :ie
' 'srhsfl 15¢-





   





 





THE MICHIGAN FARMER





3- .





JAN; 113, 1917;





 





FREIGHT prepaid to any point east;

of the Rockies-a trifle more farther

, west. Not a new, untried

machine but our famous 1908

model with latest improve‘

ments. Outside of metal—

- covered Old Trusty, never



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Write for Book:

FREE $33," 99112233? £103.“;

700 000 satisfied users. Write now.

Tell us your poultry troubles.





M. M. Johnson Co.

Clay Center. Neb.





. H. H. Johnson





 





Farm, Garden and Orchard Tools

Answer the farmers’ big questions,

How can I grow crops with less

expense. " How can I save in plant-

ing potatoes? How make high

prIced secd go farthest? The





IRON AGE Potato Planter





solves thelabor roblem and makes

the best use 0 high priced seed.

Means $5 to $50 extra profit per acre.

Every seed piece In its place 1 "

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bushels seed pei acre. Uni-



form depth; even



spacingI We make "x



a full me of potato



machinery. Send



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No Misses

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Bateman M’f’gCo. , Box .24B,Grenlocl1, N. J.





 





let me t you on. the

map as a Poultry Ratser





My Big Poultry Book “Hatching

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contains photographs and letters from

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World’s Champion

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The Incubator with glue Paragon Boar d

construction, to oice of America' s





 





most successful ch cken raisers. Sales -

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OEQQ lncubafor$10

Both

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If Ordered together. Freight pa1

. l east of Rockies Hot we a- .

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dead air space, double glass ‘

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100 Egg 1 cubator and Brooder 12.15. >

FREE Cataltigue describing them. Se)nd

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Get your Mankato 111- s

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old price. Redwood case-pure

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Free Book. Write

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In?" Maoists, Minn.





 





Mail

Postal





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minntor. EndJP rIeDogs, Gophers.

mt! Hogsftz‘hipmunks, Wessels. Squirrels. Crows.

Bowl: I. e. “rue Beco “sized Standard Exterminator

It Drng-a tryrefito [W Ilse-U 25¢. 60,.

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When writing to advertisers please





 





F you keep Indian Runner ducks



"and they are not laying by this



time, it is not their fault; it is

yours. Get busy.



The Indian Runner is ‘kept largely

for egg production; yet a great many

people around here never see a duck

egg during the fall or winter months.

Why? Simply because they don’t give

the ducks the right kind of care. Their

poultry are never kept separate at any

time; that is, they allow all kinds,

(ducks, geese, chickens, etc), big and

little, to have free range; withIthe re-

sult that none do their best.





writer can have duck eggs as well as

hen eggs, all winter. We have kept

Indian Runner ducks for a number of

years, and have found that it is just as

easy to induce a duck to lay eggs, as

it is to get eggs from a Leghorn hen.

In fact, we think it is easier. A duck

will respond to good care, much more

quickly than will a hen. A well ma-

tured duck will usually begin laying

when from five tosix months old.

Provide Good Shelter.



While the feed is perhaps the most

important factor, there are other

things to consider. To begin with, they

must be given goodshelter. A duck-





. house need not be expensive. We have





low, well built houses,

enclosed with





a number of

surrounded by yards





poultry netting. Any kind of a fence

that is closely built, will turn ducks.

As a rule, it is not necessary to keep

the old ducks yarded, except in winter

or when eggs are wanted. A duck is

liable to lay anywhere. They-seldom

make a nest. . ‘



It is not advisable to keep large num-

bers together. They do much better in

small flocks. This is why small houses

are best. However, they should be

large enough to allow the ducks to

have some exercise when they are

kept housed. A house 15x20 feet is

large enough for about 35 ducks, when

they have to be kept indoors, as they

sometimes do in very cold weaiher. A

duck (like a chicken hen) that roams

at will, in zero weather, seldom lays

many eggs. However, a hen can usu-

ally endure more cold than a duck. Ap-

parently it is a duck’s feet that suffer

most. Therefore, we try to make the

houses comfortable with good floors

and plenty of bedding. Never use saw-

dust, as the ducks are liable to eat it.

Clean straw, dry leaves or litter from

the barn loft are all good. We try to

keep the houses as clean as possible

by renewing the bedding before it is

badly soiled. The roofs and siding of

the houses should be as good as the

floors. Otherwise, the floors will get

damp. If a duck is kept in damp quar-

ters it is liable to get rheumatism or

cramps. A great many beginners

imagine that because a duck is a so-

called water fowl it need not have a

dry floor to sit upon at night. We know

by long years of experience, that damp-

ness is almost as fatal to ducks as it

is to other fowl.





Keep the Floors Dry.





 





fresh litter. . 1 .3 ,





 





If floors .become damp, as they some-

times do in spite ofall effortsto keep

them dry, coal ashes will take up the‘





moisture as quickly aslanythin-g we"





know of. Scatter it thickly upon the

damp ”spots, let remain for half an

hour or longer- Then remove ashes





and sweep floms before putting





 





These people often wonder why the





n1151111111 poultry houses or colony houses

ff ' ' *





Getting Duck Eggs In Winter





the coarse part for grit. The ducks

need other grit also, such as oyster

shell and coarse sand. But they al—

ways eat Cinders and charcoal, if they

are in reach. Coarse sand should be

kept in a trough or box near the feed

trough. A duck wants sand along with

its feed. But it should never be mixed

with the feed.



A water trough should be placed

where the ducks can reach it, while

they are ieeding I



A duck’ s food must not be too high-

ly concentrated. Solid giain, without

some sort of roughage, will not do.

When ducks have free range they eat

large quantities of grass and ether

green stuff. Therefore some substitute

must be provided. We use sprouted

oats, green frozen rye, cabbage, cut

clover (scalded) chopped beets, tur-

nips, refuse apples, etc. Silage is said





to be good for ducks, but we have nev-





er used it.



Feed Plenty of Roughage.

‘GI'een rye is greatly relished. We

cut it late in the fall. (or rather early

in. the winter), when it is frozen, pile

it on the ground and cover several

inches deep with dry leaves. Then

place some heavy branches, or some-

thing similar, over the leaves to pre-

vent blowing away. The rye keeps per-

fectly as long as it is kept covered; or

rather, as long as it lasts, which is





 





Moving a Colony House on Planks or Skids.





often quite late in the winterf Vege-

tables may be used either raw or cook-

ed. We sometimes use the latter as a

basis for the mash. Equal parts corn

meal and bran, mixed with cooked veg-

etables (mashed) makes a very good

ration for ducks. The meal or ground

grain of any kind should never be

cooked, because it will get. gummy and

then the ducks will not eat it well. For

the same reason, when boiled potatoes

are used they should not, be mixed

with ground grain, until after the lat-

ter has been thoroughly moistened.

These directions are given because if

the food is gummy it will clog in the

ducks' beaks and .they cannot eat it.

Bran is always used in the mash. We

sometimes use equal parts of bran,

corn meal and “shorts," or wheat mid-

dlings with a little salt added; then

moisten with thick buttermilk.





Animal Food Necessary for Layers.



We add some beef scrap to the mash

occasionally, but never when

buttermilk or skim-milk can be had.

Laying ducks require animal food.

Whole. grain is not suitable for ducks

unless it is scalded and soaked for sev-

eral hours. We feed laying ducks a

mash or something as substantial, all

they will eat up clean twice a day with

a little soaked grain at noon, and all

the green stuff they will eat betwen

meals. Raw chopped vegetables are

sometimes used for the basis of the

mash. Boiled oats are good, mixed

with ground grain.



Ducks need plenty of clean wate1 to

drink.



In mild weather, when the. snow is

not deep, we do not find it necessary to

keep the ducks housed. except at night.

They like to exercise in the open,



Ohio. ANNA W. GALLIGHIER.





IMOVING SMALL POULTRY ‘

V HOUSES.





It is frequently necessary to mayo





either .





to give the young stock a better op-

portunity to develop on fresh soil

which will'contain no germs of poultry

diseases, or to make them more con-

venient to care for during the winter.

A house about eight by ten can easily

be moved in the following manner:

Pry up one side with a crowbar and

slide a twelve-foot plank under and

then do the same on the other side.

Then where the planks project in f/ront

of the house nail a short two by four

piece to each.



Fasten a strong hay rope securely

around the house and when the team

begins to pull, the house will strike

against the two by four pieces on the

planks and the planks slide along with

the house exactly like the runners on

a sled. In this manner colony houses

can easily be moved around the farm

without injuring them or breaking the

sills as frequently may occur when

houses are roughly dragged along the

ground without the boards for runners.



Ingham Co. R. G. KIRBY.





A DISEASE PREVENTIVE.





I hesitate to tell what reliance 'I

place 011 permanganate of potash in

the care of my 400 hens, because there

are a lot of people who will think I

(lose my iiowls.



I buy tenxents worth and put half

of it in a pint bottle and fill with water,

and every time I water my hens or

chicks of any age I pour enough of the

permanganate of potash compound in

the water to color it pink. I find this

remedy much more valuable to control

bowel trouble than for the treatment.

of colds for which it is often recom-

mended. Before I tried this method—-

or preventative rather, one sick hen or

chick would spread infection like an

endless chain letter, but since I find

such cases of bowel trouble as I have

to contend with, do not'spread rapidly

and are easily controlled. And do you

ask why? Because the permanganate

of potash in the water kills the germs

that would otherwise multiply and

spread to the rest of the hens from the

one sick one.



I have been following this method

for three or four years and cannot see

that it has harmed my poultry in any

way. They thrive and lay at all times

of the year.



Permanganate of potash comes from

the drug store labeled poison but

when so much reduced that ten cents

worth will last for a big flock, six

months, it has no harmful effect.



Barry Co. KATE TERPENNING.





FROST GATHERING IN COOP.





How can we prevent frost gathering

in poultry house? Our coop is 14x100,

with 18 windows and 11 muslin sashes,

and has 500 pullets and a few cocke1-

eIeIS. All is fine though the day but

at night when we shut muslin sashes

flOSt gathers on ceiling.



Hillsdale Co. A. D. S.





It is very difficult for us to suggest

the cause of the frost gathering in

your poultry house, as you do not tell

us the type of your coop.



Apparently you have plenty of win-

dow space and sufficient muslin sashes

to give plenty of ventilation. Even

when coops are properly constructed

with reference to the matter of venti-

lation, there is very often condensa-

tion of moisture on tl’I-e'ceiling, conse-

quently a gathering of frost which does

no serious harm.



This is caused by the warmer air of

the coop coming in contact with the

colder air ofjthe ceiling and condens-

ing the moisture. If the coop does not

feel cold and damp in the mornin’g,l

do not believe you need worry about

the frost gathering on the ceiling.



You might prevent it by putting the

muslin sashes nearer to the top, thus





' causing the escape of the warm air and





in that Way nearly equalizing the tem-





perature of the inside and outside of

the roof. - , ». - .

~ The tyne of house»
s l





 





 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





   

 





' AN. .13, 19117:.





every part of the United States,



and on nine out of every ten of

these farms it is allowed to go to

waste. I refer to the honey crop. The

farmer who harvests the other crops

is entitled to harvest this one also, but

he neglects it. If the crop is harvested

at all .it is generally done by spe-

cialists in that line, and the farmer

gets no recompense, except the fertili-

zation of his fruits and vegetables,

though he should be thankful for this

Specialist if he does not intend to har-

vest the crop himself. The ideal con-

dition would be for each farm to have

enough bees to gather honey enough

for home consumption. . .





Bees Easily Cared For.





Bees are very eaSily managed, and

the work is such that any member of

the family ten years old or over can do

it. An hour or two of time every ten

days from March to July to examine

and keep them in condition, time

enough after the honey flow to remove

the honey and extract or store it, and

time enough in the fall to give any

supers needed for a fall flow and to re-

move this and prepare for safe winter-

ing, none of which are difficult opera

tions, would be all that is needed.





Did you ever consider that bees work

steadily, board themselves, will live in

most any kind of a hive you prepare

for them, and give you all the honey

they can gather above what is needed

to keep them alive?

provided a hive and enough supers to

hold the honey they can gather there

is absolutely no cost. Four or five dol-

lars will fit you with a modern hive

and supers enough to hold a good crop,

say a hundred pounds of comb honey.

I believe in most of the ordinary honey

bearing states fifty pounds to the col-

ony where bees are given any care is

a low average estimate. One crop

would pay you a hundred per cent on

your investment, and your future crops

would be clear gain, except for the

small amount of work involved.





, Making a Start.



If any boy or girl reads this and you

have no bees at home, just ask father

to buy a hive for you, get a book on

how to take care of bees—one written

for beginners-and then watch for a

swarm. Sometimes it will come to

you if you place your hive in a good

place, like the fork of a tree, on top of

a building, in the belfry of a church or

schoolhouse, or anywhere that would

be likely to attract bees. Put some

frames with foundation in them in the

hive, or better yet, a frame or two of

comb built out from which honey had



, been extracted, if you can get them.



' When bees are about ready to swarm

they send out scouts to seek a new

home, and these scout bees will be

glad to find" so nice a home all ready.

If you know Where the swarm came

from, of course, you would be under

obligations to notify the owner or pay

him a fair price for it, but very seldom

is it possible to know this, and the

swarm is rightly yours. If you find a

swarm clustered in your orchard, or in

the woods, and do not know to whom

it belongs, it is yours for the taking.

Bee trees belong to the finder—that is

the bees and honey do. You have no

right to cut a man’s trees, though,

without his consent, which can usually

be easily secured.





Buying Bees.



Many who have bees will hive a

swarm for you in a hive you furnish

and charges. very nominal price, some-

times as low as a. dollar. If you can

strike an auction sale where bees are

to be sold you can very often buy them

for the cost of the hives alone, but be

sure you get bees free from disease,

and remember that anything but hives

with movable frames are worth less

than nothing, for the hives will be use-





0 NE crop grows on every farm in





- 'less to you. and the transferring to





' good hives will be worth more than the





   





After you have





i wouldn’t take an old-fashioned





 





box hive full of bees as a gift unless

it was a mighty strong colony.

Kansas. " L. H. COBB.





LIVER TROUBLE.





Please tell me what is the matter

with my chickens. Every once in a

while a hen will get running off the

bowels, and will just mope around and

not eat anything, until at last she dies,

and this morning I lost a fine Ply-

mouth Rock rooster the same way,

only that I didn’t notice him being sick-

at all. We opened two of these birds

and found their liver enlarged, and

full of hard yellowish lumps, also these

hard lumps on the intestines. We feed

wheat, oats boiled, or corn meal mash

with poultry powder and beef scraps,

for breakfast, and parched corn on the

cob for supper, and they have all the

clean water they want, with a fine coop

to scratch in these snowy days. My

husband thinks the beef scraps poison





them.



St. Joseph Co. Mrs. C. G. E. .



Your fowls undoubtedly have liver

trouble, which is brought about by the

lack of exercise and the feeding of a

ration too rich in albuminous matter.

Undoubtedly you are feeding too heav-

ily of the beef scrap. It may also be

that the poultry powder you are feed-

ing contains something which is a con-

centrated egg-producing food.





I would suggest that you feed the

chickens whole grain in the litter in

the morning, then if you wish to feed a

wet mash, give it to them at noon.

However, it is more preferable to have

a dry mash on hand in the hoppers at

all times. The chief trouble with feed-

ing a mash first thing in the morning

is that the fowls will appease their ap-

petites and then be inclined to sit

around for the rest of the day.





If you continue feeding the wet mash

make sure that the chickens eat it all,

for if any is left it might become

spoiled and in that way cause diges-

tive troubles if the hens should eat it

afterward. The chickens should also

receive plenty of green food and per-

manganate of potash should be used

in the drinking water at the rate of

two teaspoonfuls of a saturate solution

to ten quarts of water. \l’e believe

most of your troubles will be eliminat-

ed if you will feed less highly concen-

trated foods and make the hens work

for their feed.





POULTRY IN SMALL FLOCKS.





A frequent cause of failure in the

poultry business is the fact that too

many hens are kept in the same flock.

Small flocks make for success, as has

been proven to our satisfaction many

times. Even in the winter, pens of

from twelve to twenty birds are better

than larger collections, while in the

summer the colony plan seems to be

the ideal way of caring for fowls. If

we would seek the causes of these

facts, we find that birds on the range,

with the colonies scattered around the

farm, pick up much more of their food,

for they cover a larger territory. Then,

also, it is food particularly to the lik-

ing of the hens and particularly adap-

ted to keeping them in health and pro-

ducing condition. It is easier keep

the small house or pen free from mites

than the large building. While in the

aggregate the work of caring for small

flocks amounts to more than the work

of caring for the same number of. birds

in one flock, yet we much prefer to

clean a number of small houses than

one large one. Diseases can be com-

batted more readily in the small flock

and a closer watch may be kept on the

health and production of the hens. If

a large number are kept together and

allowed to run at large about the build-

ing the soil soon becOmes foul. It re-

Quires constant plowing and turning

over to keep such soil in fit condition

for the hens to run on. This problem

does ot appear in connection with the

colony plan. ‘





New Hamp. C. H. CHESLEY.





I'TII'I'HEaMICHIGIANI' FHAR'MER.





A Wasted Farm Crop





ll





 





 





   

 





A ....





$75 To $300 1w I 0

A MONTH

rained garage men. repair men. testers. timers.

chauflers. salesmen. etc., are needed everywhere.

Good jobs always open-hundreds of chances to

start in business.





Personal Instruction By $6000





A Your Export

Brainiest—besl: informed motor instructor in

America-a. big mun—twenty years experience.

Avoid bi , overcrowded schools. We don't. take

more etu ents than our expert can teach personal-

1 . Day or night classes in our own fine. big. li ht,

all-y building. In oi ht weeks you'll be trains ——a

complete master—ob e to lay or finger _on an

auto trouble and fix is—able to and a good oh an

a fot'pay envelope-because you’ll KN W.



Guaranteed Training, 1

Here’s our proposition: one to Indianapolis, pay

onoiourth tuition fee. ay balance when you're

satisfied. That’s meeting

you “50-50" and it's fair to

all. Anyhow investigate.

Write for catalog. Now

the time to start.

IIEIMIAPMIS IIITUI SCHOOL

1101 Southeastern Ave.





lIDlAIAPOLIS, um.





 





 

 

   

 





   

   

 

 

   





 





 





 





 





 





J





ONE MILLION SKUNK’

"(CON-Mm“ a‘OTHER FURS WANTED 3

weu PAYS THE MOST '





M comm ll TIE mm A“ um-

ESI’. with UNDER cmm than any

other House. Where or new



Houses buy I m nulnm. we buy tuoumns o! Skins

and Hides every day, no toAmerican and Can-

adian Manufacturers. an exporti to all Coun-

tries. 83 000 um men to Sweden.

Little ealera cannot. compete. e've In Travel-

Ilng Arnb. We want. EEF lllll. too, aylng 20

or CREE. “10.30 cents for “in “I? m and



no mm up to 38.00 each. We want your calm

and “HIE! SEAL Be or Will Mil: GUIDE.

I t I! free. man all kinds of Hides, making or-

mcnh (or our Customers n'om their hides. s I! 0:

mm ms in nmugooa 1/. Ask your Bankerabout.





DEM In“? Fatabushed 50 years.

Io: . 38 Fill! IIIIEJIDIAIA.





   

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 





Ill. The 0“ 80“!

WE". BROS. & 00.,





We Make Your Boat





From The Green Hills





Complete—including tanning. and

manufacturing—send us your cattle,

horse, bear, wolf or other skins.



Be prepared for cold weather—by

having us make up your own special

coders in—





Mon'o or Ladios'

Coats, Furs, Robes





Take advantage of our 36 years of

fur experience and of our Reasonable

Prices. Write now [or Price List of

custom tanning.



E Complete Catalogue oI

Coats, Robes. un.



“’c guarantee satisfaction or your



money back—Write today.





Reading Robe & Tanning to.





12 East street. Reading. Mich.





$10-$12-$l5

Why Pay More





For making a FUR COAT

where you furnish the





HIDE





We have made Thousands for the

Farmers of Michigan and our

Work has stood the Test the past

fifteen years. A postal will bring

you information and samples of

Coat Lining by return mail. Color-

ing hides black. $3.00 extra.





III. Blisslield llobn &. lanning 00.,





Bllosfield, Michigan





IIICIIES'I' PRICES PAID FOR

All. KINDS 0F RAW FllllS





Inced large quantities of all kinds of

' ‘« raw furs. and it. will or you





" \ to get. my price list. especi-

. "*

‘ n ‘5





- ally solict communication

‘ 13





   





   

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





with dealers havinglnrge lot.

to sell. Write for price list

_ . and shipping tags today to

Fit 0. L. SLENKER,



‘. P. 0. Box E, East. Liberty. 0.





Seoand Try B Y u Y





 





   





. "ng—U'Wét'f'ri . 1:)

”’“M No money down —- no deposit.





:1. u; ' ,» .,;

3.. '<~> - i " .smqs Pay. for now u sn-

.my; ._,





   

   

 

 





lumen-y When Tested

No other such open liberal 0%:





 





Wo'm-nonggl

. ~ . um amu- but soon

co. “3431 Cleveland. 0





 





BOOK 0N





DOG DISEASES

And How, to Feed





Mailed tree. to any address by

the Author

H. CLAY CLOVER CO., Inc.

118 West 31:! Street, New York





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





‘ Bradley strain.





27*0





7’





POULTRY.

- P k 200 t l .

Barred Rocks 0%”..I’ereié’3itiili’é.





Circular Free. Fred Aotllng. Con-tnntlne. Mich.





Uockerela, Cooke and Hens. Four

Barred ROCk Rullets layed 950 eggs in one year.

W. .0. Ooflman, . 3, Benton Harbor. Michigan.





Barred Plymouth Rock S.%%‘3°’§§?éo ”.331!





two for 85.“). A. Barnum. Union City, Michigan.





I om E. B. Thompson's

Barred Hock cockorel: In: erinl Rin lets forsale,

price 82 and $3. Write H. J. S inner. Mc illnn.Mlcli.





ARRED Rocks. Prize winning stock. Oockerels $2

each. Some earling bone a d gullots chea

rite Bum swat-I. vhelsen, Mic -





C k lo. I 11



Blue Barred Rocks bf&.§.'§2oaé‘h.

Myron Shorten, Qulmby. Mich.

beet breeding: $3 each, 2 for 85;



B- R0 COCkereIs special price on a number.

A. A. WOOD & SON. SALINE. MICH.



V

'"d h In, 8. 0. VI . Legliorns. Males and Females





at low prices. “'rite your wants,

White Line Poultry Farm. Hillsdale, Mich





 





Breeding Cockerels





White, Buff. Leghorns. R. 1. Beds. Prices reasonable.

Bunnybrook Poultry Farms. Hillsdale. Michigan.





 





(lockerels, cock birds, hens. pens

Bu“ lcflhm'ns or pullets. All at very reasonable

prices. Dr. Will.nm A. Smith. Peteraburfi. Mich.





 





CIICKS are booking orders now for spring de-

9 livery, different varieties, free booklet.

Freeport Hatchery. Box 12. Freeport, Michigan





“ZOO-EGG” PEDIGREE

WHITE LEGHORNS





Several hundred choice White Leghorn pullets and

cockenels for sale. These are from our "Bred-today



strain. all sired by Missouri Experiment Station males

with pedigrees of 200 to 274 eggs in one year. I’llllettF

31.00 to 31.50 each. Cockerels -$2.(IU each. Thousands

of satisfied customers. Book your order at once for

eggs for hatching and baby chicks of quality. Catalog.





Michigan Poultry Farm, Lansi , Michigan.

“Michigan’s Largest Poultry arm”





FEIIIIIS WHITE LEGHDRNS





Great layers Pullets, hens. breeding

males: eggs for hatching; day old

chicks; from hens laying 200 to 264

——————- eggs. Prices low, quality guaran-

teed. Free catalog and price list explains all.

Write for it.





Geo. B. Ferric, 934 Halon. Grand Baplds, lllcli.





 





 





 





 





I A few choi ‘e

Fowler 3 Bull Rocks mm... .3,

sale. From $2 to 35. Also egg; in season. White Hol-

land Turkeys all sold. R. B. owler, Hartford, Mich.





Large thoroughbred Bull Orplng-

For sa'e: con Cookerels of the Bunswick

Strain. Mrs. E. H. Maatsch. Graiid Ledge, Mich, it. :3.





F0 R sAL E firs-e hundred early



botched Toni Barron

Pullets, Two hundred one your old Toni Barron hens.

Choice stock. Hillcrest Poultry Fa rm. Hanover, Mich.





F' “'hite Rock Cockerels for sale. 9 lbs. $3.00, 8 lbs.

mo $2.75, less than 8 lbs. 32.2). An fine stock. Vl'rite

Mrs. Elsie M. Robinson. Petersburg. Mich.





GET Yollll 'OIDI'III IN EARIIY m





Ooékorelc from Cousins Northern King Strain Barred

Rocks. Write David W. Genuine. North Port. Mich





HARRISON WIII'I'F. LEGIIOIINS





$20.00 form yoarlings or pullets. Cockerelo 75c to$1.m

Prices on thewfine birds Will be higher soon.

HARRISON LEGHORN FARM. Shelby. Mlt‘h.





OHN’S Big Beautiful Barred Books are all hen-

hotclied. developed quick, good layerl. encli83; pair smsam

an approval. Circulars. photos. John Norlhon. Clare, Dink.

' White Orpingtons. “'inneroo ain

PHI. cn‘II 8' I}. at the State Fair. Youn‘han old

stock for sale. Bu ' the best. MRS." ‘ 'ILLIS

ROUGH. Pine Crest arm. BoyaIOak, Michigan.





RHODB ISLAND REDS nd PLYMOUTH ROCKS

Male: 5 to 121m. according to 33682 to 35; RR. hen-

weighr. 5 to 10 lbs.. cage 15 for $1 ' 1w. 35:12186.

Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys, 8 to 38k». according.

to age IS to 820. 10 can 83.



Dark red





IlEII COCKEIEIS, Boll! Com Wham...





will improve the color of your flock. Write for price

list. Interlakes Farm. Box 39. Lawrence, Michigan.





' R. I. R d .

lion and Singlc Comb m... .fo.-§‘.‘”"p?i?lif‘r’§§é§£.

able. 0. E. Hawlcy, Ludlngton, Mich.

lloso Bomb llhode Island fiizdgié’fw'é‘ilfi’iigifiiiéfl

and bone. JENNIE BUELL. Ann Arbor, R. 8.. Mich.

A low I. C. [bode Island 2,: iagfiifi‘lt

each. A. E. Shier. Wolverine. Chehoyuan (30.. Mich.

“I'VE“ GoldennndVl/hiteVl'yandottes. Choice oung





. o cockerels. Reasonable quality ronsi cred,

10m; and Longing winners. (‘.W.Browninz. Rf), Portlnnddllirll.





 





A. E. Ci-nmton. linear. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





g c Rhode Island Cockerels. pure bred—fine large

t .r 0 dark red birds, will improve your flock. Price

$2.00 each. Alfred Deichnennn. Pigeon. Mich, B. 3.





' Cockorels from fine stock and Al

VIII“ “WNW“ layers. 32 and $8 each. Farm raised.

A. FRANKLIN SMITH, Ann Arbor. Michigan.





 





“h“ Vl'ynndotl es cocks and cockercls snow white from

3 fine stock and A 1 layers. $2. $3. and Speech.

DAVID RAY. 202 Forest Ave. Ypsilanti, Michigan.





 





MAMMOTH White Holland _'Turkeys. Rose Comb



Brown Lech orns and Belgian Hares America's

coming meat. get started with a pair. Circulars free.

Stomp appreciated. Rivervicw Form. Vassar. Mich. R. 2. Box l0.





laugh” in! Turkey: ‘Ivtli‘fifiitftth’r‘aellh‘ii

.80 . 01' .





Collar Broo.. Conklln. Michigan.





WIII'I‘E CIIINA GANIllillS NR SALE. 33





Also a few R. 0. Brown Le horn hem. 31.60 each.

MI'I. CLAUDIA BETTS. $.1. Hlllqflflle. Mich.





FOR SALE—WRITE M. I’EKIN BRAKES





CHAS. KLETZLEN, BATE. HIGH.

GEESE w. a B’.‘ China. Embden. Afri. Tool.



Ducks. W. k 0. Miss. Pek. Cay. Swed.

Orp. W. R. BROREIN, WAPAKONETA, OHIO.





—_





 





 





 





 





 





D008





Skunk and Rabbit do“.

Bond .20 m





 





For Hounds.“ all 130:,

W. E. LDC".
Maybe where you

now live every-





thing is frozen I! F m busy

———in winter’s gri; 3617 any

Roads snowdrifted





Stock ‘ .

We”, .

'Pmnilvenlov

Burn little

Eu e1

Wear 1i ‘t

clothigihg

Somethinsalws,

readytomarket

Work ea

fox-n11 5y

anus like

11‘4an "





Bare fields, bare

trees





Stock eatin‘ their

heads off n ~

costly shelters





Coal pile getting

low





Can't keep warm

Ears frostbitten

Fingers numb





3rlr=r=r.’





Only three or four

days away, by

quick Santa Fe

train, is a sunny

land, where the

world is different





Won 't you write

to=day for our

San J o aqu in

}"ll"l’c’7}“ ) 1 f It f

0 er aiornia? t': u o

factnfull of picturex.





It all: all about whatfarmer.‘ like you

are doing out there—‘bow they make good

money raking alfalfa andwbeat. apricot;

and orange.” how they Jucceed in da frying

and live Jiock. vineyard; and orchards,





Only coo-t: you . poxtcard inquiry.





Santa [Te per-.ron'ally-conducted tour-1'41-

carpartteJ leJJen travel can't.





C. L. Seaai‘ores,'lndustrial Commissioner

Atchison, Topeka. d: Santa Fe Ry.

£275 Railway Exchange, Chicago





GARDEN TOOLS



Answer the farmer’s big questions:

How canl have a good garden with

least erpcnsc? How can the wife





have plenty r f fresh vegetables for

the home table with least labor?





‘IRON AGE Combined Hill





and Drill Seeder

solves the garden labor problem.

Takes the place of many tools—

stored in small space. Sows, cov-

' ers, cultivates, weeds. ridges,

etc.,bettcrthanold—timetools.

woman, boy or girl can

push it and don day’s hand-

work in 60



minutes.38





 





   

   

   

   

   

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 





 





 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

   

 





You will be surprised'at ‘

the work you can do with ’

this s t r o n g, well-built

moderate-priced machine.





Wood Sawing Machine

Table mounted on grooved rolls. Almost self-feed-

ing with even heaviest logs. Cut is down—not

against 0 orator. Many other exclusive advan-

tages. rite for circulars—also our drag Haw

machines, saw and shingle mills, hOlStS, etc.



Ireland lochlnod. Foundry 60.. list-lo $1.. llomlch ll 1.





POST HOLE

AUCER





Digs post holes faster than the man be‘

hind can set posts._without hard back-

breaking labor. Digs wells also. '

The two interlocking slurp crucible

oml Modes easily cut through any soil.





DIGS QUECK AND EASY





and saves time and trouble. Don’t be



imposed u; n. Refuse the poorly_msde,



flimsy imitations. Apoor tool is dear



at anan-ice. Reliable dealers sell the



_ origin ',, to ted, “gunranteed lwan"

‘ for only





 

 





 





35‘. llt pays for itself in one

day‘s work.- . . p ‘

WRITE FOR FREE BOOK

a“ in: are “we. use:

hook-J lam medW. Eco.

, MAIL-MW“.

' lmm‘wom





   





 





 





lend.“





T HsjE. -- :M ‘1 CH I G--“A

,EllllllllllmllllllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllHIlllllllllllllllllllllIHlllllllllIHllllllllllllfllllllllllllllllllfi





‘ '1sz: 2 3 .. ’ ‘



g-Earmcrs, Clubs

‘WWW."WWWWW'WW . .

,Asifiélafiéllél WW . .. »

{The .S'kill‘fulfhan’d 'with ' cultured -'

mind Tis , _»"t_lie;' farmer’s most _ valuable



aese’t.” ’ ' ' ‘ “





Illlllllll





 





 





E

=

=:





 





Associational Sentiment:

“The Farmer: He garners from the

soil the primal wealth of nations.”





WHAT THE LOCAL CLUBS ARE

’ ‘DOING.





As Usual, the reports of delegates at

the recent assoclallonal meeting con~

stituted an interesting phase of the

meeting. Club members generally are

interested in the methods used by oth—

er Clubs in the conduct of their meet-

lugs, for which reason we will present

in this department as opportunity of-

fers, some of the reports made by del-

egates at the annual meeting.

Marion Farmers’ Club.



The subject of gelling our people

out to the Club is one lhll has been

given considerable lhoughl in our Club

and it was assigned'me a yrar ago to

speak on “A betler Club and how to

get people out. 10 the Club,” what

means to take, and I suggested'some





of the things that Mrs. Johnson has

spoken of in her excellent, paper. The





debate in lhe Club, :lnd lhe play, and

special music-lhe orchestra, and my

committee was impressed with the talk

that at the very next meeting they had

an orchestra, there and a debate. They

had to get one of lhe largesl houses in

the town and it was packedfl They

found it was necessary to go over lhe

town and drum up the people to come

in. Get up a program of sufficient in‘

forest and you will have plenty to at—

tend.



Now I thought, lhat a very excellent

:paper and only disagree with her on

one poim, that ol‘ the yearly program.





A yearly program in lhese rapidly

moving times is too slow. we want





to discuss up-to-date subjects in our

Club and we find we must. make up

our program not once :1 month but,

twice a monlh.



lngham County Club.



Our Club has done a great deal of

good with the yearly programs be-

cause eaeh member on lhe program,

when the meeting is held, has a paper

of some kind. They usually try to do

their part and have lhat paper ready.



I think it is an excellent idea to

have a program made out at, least six

months ahead. ()ne of the greatest.

blessings .in our Club is lhe sending of

flowers to the sick. \\'e charge 25

cents a member and l lhlllk it, certain-

ly has given sunshine and cheer lo the

sick room. Abom months ago a

gentleman in our lown lost at son. His

body was brought from Detroit, for

burial. He was nm a member of our

Club and was a stranger 10 a great

many. I sent flowers from our Club.

The father drove into the yard a few

days after and gave me a dollar, say-

ing if we only knew what, good it did

them to have lllose flowers. There

was not, one that brought, the tears to

our eyes like lhc sunshine flowers

from this Club, because he was a

stranger to mosl. of you. This year we

have spent. for flowers and expenses

$25. I thinklhese things are so help-

ful and that, farmers, of all people,

ought to have all the sunshine and

cheer possible brought into their homes.



Washington Center Club.



In regard to printed programs. Our

Club has used them for fourteen years.

I know they have never been consid-

ered a back number,'not even in the

State Association and I heartily agree

with the paper the lady read. We are

planning our work ahead and we know

just who is going to be there and who

is on the program and we discuss ev—

erything that can be discussed in our

Club and I am sure that our people

helped in making the state of Michi-

gan go dry this year. ‘ .





six





 





 





'fpi-inted programs and will make them

- ’up a year ahead. ’





.it so much cheaper.





In our Club we had printed programs

years ago and we discOntinued-foro ~

couple of years but we have gone baok

to it. We find out it is helpful so ,

next year _we are going to have the





one of the greatest. privileges. end, ,

helps teem-Club is in' sending for our

00:11 by the carload, they have gotten



Somerset Club. .. '

We have been using the printed,





programs and they are made up a..y.e.2lr~ r-





ahead. We also have found that it ,is

a help to our young people tohave a.

fair in the fall. We had a fair this fall .

and we gave some nice prizes. The





 





young girls brought in their sewing——

three pieces for each girl, and you

would be surprised to see the work

they had done. And ‘we gave prizes]

for poultry and anything that the]

young people chose 10 take.\up. We

think it helps to interest the young,

people in this work, both in the rais-‘l

ing of vegetables and poultry.

Gratiot County. J

We had a chicken-pie supper and a.

fair this year. I was not present at

the fair. One new l’ealul‘e this year;

was getting the children of the town-I

ship toattend. I thinkwith one ex-'

ception the teachers brought their pu-

pils and they had a collection of their

work from the little 'l'our-year-olds up

to the eighth grade. They had drawing

and sewing and all such things and it

was quite an exhibit. It was the first

time we had ever undertaken anything

of the kind and it, was voted 21 great

success. They had light refreshments

for the children—«candy and things of

lhal, kind.





SERVING AT FARMERS’ CLUBS.





A Minnesota Letter.



It is at this season of the year that

li‘armers’ Clubs are most active. Every-

one. who has the responsibilily of serv-

ing food at these meetings realizes

what a. task it is, and it may help some

refreshment, committees to know how

other Clubs serve.



The Sunny Side Club has about

members. All the food to be served is

prepared at home except the coffee.





The Club owns its dishes and holds'





its meetings in a two—room school

house. There are two tables for serv-

ing. One sixteen feet. long consists of

boards resting on saw horses, the oth-

er is a Small square home-made table.

These tables are covered first with

newspapers and then with snowy lin-

en tablecloths. Plalc.c and folded pa-,

per napkins are piled up at the end ofJ

the long table. Also the food is ar-

ranged attractively on this table. Cof-

fee is served from the second Table.

Between the tables and the wall stand

rosy-checked girls ready to serve you

in cafeteria style.



\Vhen you have made a choice of

the viands spread so lemptingly before

you, and have received a cup of coffee

you pass to a school‘room desk and

enjoy the meal at leisure. :



The Golden Valley Club holds its

meetings close to a city and the re-

freshment committee buys the food

served for luncheon. The Club owns

the coffee pot and the cups used in

serving coffee, and some trays. Paper

plates and paper napkins aroused.



The Club meetings are held in a.

school house.'The members are seated

at the desks when the committee pass-

es through the aisle and distribute

dishes and eatables. ‘



The One - Hundred - Dollar - an-Acre

Club holds its meetings in the, homes

of its members. The hostess'invthis

Club furnishes the coffee and each fam—

ily in the Club brings food. The Club

is small and by means of the telephone

arrangements for the’supper are’made.

The serving and cleaningup after the

meal is‘done by the youngpeoplefiwho





stay in the back part of the houséinthe~





rest of the evening, playinggames or

dancing while the demure ,matrons

with fancy work/in their hands, listen

to the topics under discussion by the





It full!

. loan. the > - A- on .é'wo

.i «all we!“ t 5 th'oxidiu-lpz

«. an_ I warn t , . ’ rolls «or:-

thmgsbsut sci-ow hamster-t o

ants . 'writo for this , - learn new to

supplyyour {mil with -. pus ‘ Maggi:-

t 'eyesr'rouud that end ' .66 e





100 ,





 

 

 





 





 





 





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self: awt andmos 39m 16,}? boplf 0;





 

 





 

 

 





 

 





muslmwmmhm‘ .





 

 

   





Strawberries grown theKELLOGG

WAY yield more dollars per us rod end do It in

less time than any other crop. . refit-med; from

strawberries are enormous. Ono otstrnw errles

crown the KELLOGG WAY w! ”yield 11 greater



“common farm crops.





cs'sh profit then twenty m

? $1412.50





~ In the amount Frank

Flnuicnn of Okla-

homsmsdeln 3 single

seeson from one end

one-half pores of Kel-

Pedlgree Plants

wn'the KELLOGG

.AY. Others are



60192 fully us we] .

Our 64- free book

mil to you how to

' make these big end

B‘ quick profits.

A postal will (lo—the

‘ book ls FREE





R. M. Kellogg Company,

Box 575 Three Rivers, Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





IT TAKES 400,000 cars to carry

American Fertilizers to F armers

and Planters every season. Forty

per cent. of this is useless Filler re-

quiring 160,000 cars! Insist ion hav-

ing less Filler and all high grades

with Available N itrogen, namely:





Nitrate of scan

and thus cut freight bills."



crop production from such Fertilizers

means greater outbound. tonnage for roads

and bigger purchasing power for Farmers.

Railroads and everybody would benefit.



.Larger food crops‘ thus grown would

glve increased prosperity to all. It is up to

you. Mr. Farmer.





Send tor "Cost el Available Nitrogen"





DR. WM. S. MYERS

Dinner, cw.“ Name Module

25 Madison Avenue ' Ne‘lv'York

No BRANCH Ormcss





 





 





 





 





*Vetch Separator





 





The, machine that

will positively sep-

arate vctch from

wheat, rye or cats

successfully.





Send! for Circular.





The V

Sinclaireslcott Co.

‘ Baltlmm. Md.





 





 





 





   

 

 

 





 





 

 





f < ’ H y -3 Hones-men BULL-

L’M ' ‘ m.’ "none. lilo-neat.

Mode of Open Hearth wile

. heavily ”mixed—emu;





 

 





 





 

 





e-lnchuoglonoo-l 3‘0 and





2

414ml! Form Femo- c I





   





 





 





PATENTS guild. illegal: 00: .Mcollelfigr stitch

BOOKS AND ADVICE F R E E

Wmon ll. Cobm,Pale7zt Lawyer ._w_ubln¢ton. 0.0..

w NTED—AN landing?" new





our ideas the! may brlnl on,

aflooded I vsntlo. ' 2‘ .





 





 





   

 

 





men. M. R. W. ”





flam- P. l.
" i4 miMnMinimum“mmIllmwiuummmmnmumuimmium





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Our Motto :-—-

consequence than the farm, and should





be firSt improved."





.





 





STATE GRANGE OFFICERS.





 





Master—John C. Ketcham, Hastings.



Overseer—e0. H. Bramble, Tecumseh.



Lecturer—Dora H. Stockman, Lan-

sing. .



Secretary—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor.



Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson.

. Executive Committee.-—Jas. Helme,

Adrian; Geo B. Horton, Fruit Ridge;

J. W. Hutchine, Hanover; W. F. Tay-

lor, Shelby; Wm. H. Welsh, Sault Ste

Marie; N. P. Hull, Dimondale; Burr

Lincoln, Harbor Beach.





 





WORK OF THE_ NATIONAL

GRANGE.





The last few days of the fiftieth an-

niversary Convention of the National

Grange were crowded with considera-

ble activity and business-like work on

the part of the members. Many reso-

lutions were presented and some that

appeared to be important were tabled

after considerable debate. Generally

summarized the projects that. received

approval were as follows:



Re-establishment of headquarters of

the National Grange in Washington so

that the farmers’ fraternal body may

keep close tab on legislation in Con-

gress vitally affecting it. A committee

was appointed to investigate the mat-

ter and report at the next convention

in St. Louis in 1917.



Embargoes on any products of the

soil would be unjust to farmers of the

United States, declared ‘a resolution

adopted by the Grange. Municipal or

state dairies were given unanimous in-

dorsement. In the statements which

were made on the presentation of this

resolution it was announced that since

the municipality or state controls the

distribution of water, it should also

control the distribution of milk which

is believed to be fully as important as

water.



Election gambling was severely con-

demned and a resolution adopted ask-

ing federal and state authorities to

take such action as they can to stop it.



The initiative and referendum fell

under the ban of the delegates when

brought up in the form of a resolution

endorsing it.



A federal license for commission

merchants was advocated in the devel-

opment of the Office of Markets of the

Department of Agriculture.



The Grange announced itself as op-

posed to compulsory military training

in the public schools in a resolution

adopted unanimously. The grangers

intimated that their opposition extend-

cd to the graded schools solely. They

did- not believe it to be of any partic-

ular benefit to the child to give it mili-

tary training while it was too young

to understand it. _



The establishment of the Torrens

title system in all states was recom-

mended in a resolution unanimously

adopted, and the Casey bill for the de-

velopment of the fuel oil uresoui‘ces of

the country, was similarly indorsed.



Comptroller cf the Currency John

Skelton Williams was commended for

his efforts last year in providing mon~

ey for the movement of the crops, es-

pecially the cotton crop of the south

and the grain crop of the west.



The Borland resolution in Congress

for the investigation of packing houses

was approved,‘ and a resolution adop-

ted suggesting establishment of mu-

nicipal slaughter houses.



Free seeds frOm the Department of

Agriculture came under the ban of the

Grange. A resolution was adopted con-

demning the distribution of seeds as

“wasteful and unnecessary.”



. The Grange urged. upon Congress

the earliest possible enactment of a

law'- pcrohihitin'g liquor traffic in the





 





lot; Columbia gin, connection"ta





with a resolution re-aflirming the ac‘

tion of previous national conventions

asking for nation—wide prohibition.-



A resolution was also adopted call-

ing upon the President and Congress

to raise the rate of taxation on large

incomes.





 





GOLDEN JUBILEE OF NATIONAL ‘

' GRANQE.





On November 18 the formal celebra-

tion of the semi-centennial of the or-

ganization of the National Grange, Pa-

trons of Husbandry, was held in Wash-

ington in connection with the annual

convention of the Order. The meeting

of the grangers in \Vashington is re-

garded as one of the most important

in the history of the organization

which for the first 25 years of its ex-

istence is regarded as having brought

about more reforms in the treatment

of the farmer by the national and state

government and big business interests

of the country than any like organiza-

tion in the history of the United

States.



The organization had its birth in

Washington titty years ago. This was

due to efforts of Oliver H. Kelley, a

government clerk and agricultural ex-

pert of the then Interior Department,

who was sent on a tour of inspection

of the southern states in 1866. Demor-

alization of agricultural conditions was

made the subject of. an extensive re-

port by Mr. Kelley, who became con-

vinced that organization was neces-

sary for protection as well as advance-

ment of farmers by the introduction of

scientific methods of cultivation.



Associating with him J.- R. Thomp-

son, William Saunders, A. B. Gresh,

F. M. McDowell, I. M. Trimble, and

William M. Ireland, Mr. Kelly organ-

ized the National Grange of Patrons of

Husbandry. The organization was se-

cret and women were admitted to its

membership. The society grew rapidly

in numbers. In nine years it had a

membership of more than 1,500,000 di-

vided into local, district, state and na-

tional Granges.



The activities of the National Grange

and its constituent bodies have always

been non-partisan, but it has been so

intimately associated with movements

for the benefit

many of the big reforms have originat-

ed with it that the Grange has been ac;





TH E Mi CH I CAN ran M F.





of the farmer and so .





R.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 

 





Beats Out Humane Society





Don't. take chances driving a lame horse.

Read this man's experience :





IC. 0. Brown. 340 Emerson Place. Youngstown.

0.. writes: ' uscdSuve-Thc-Horse for a Ipllnl'



was so lame 'Hum-ne ieiy' would

have had me arrested had they seen her. Vet-

erinary said atop wot and blister. Instead cent

for Save-Thc-Hone. Never let her up. She

was worked right through and no one ever saw

her take a lame step.





SAVE- Ilia-HORSE

mum. W



is sold with a signed Contract-Bond to



return money if it fails on SPAVIN—



Ringbone—Thoropin or ANY Shoulder,



Knee, Ankle, Hoof or Tendon Disease.



Our free 96 Pose BOOK goes to the tool of 58 kind: of





lnmcne. Ind our expel! vetennuy'a advice is free to hone

owners and managers. Be sure to send today for this





FREE BOOK and also ample copy of Contract-Bond.

TROY CHEMICAL CO.





20 Commerce Avenue. Binahomton. N. Y.

Drnggllts Everywhere sell Snvc-The—llnm with CONTRACT, or

we send by Parcel Post or Express Paid.





Paint Without Oil





Remarkable Discovery 'lliat Cut: Down

the Cost of Paint Seventy-Five

Per Cent





 





 





A Free /Trial Package is Mailed to

Everyone Who Write:





A. L. Rice. a prominent manufacturer of Adams. N.

Y., has discovered a process of making a new kingl of

mint without the use of oil. He calls it l’owdrpaint.



t comes in the form of it dry powder and all that is

required in cold water to make a paint weather proof.

fire proof, sanitary and durable for outside or inside



aiming. It. is the cement principle applied to paint.



t adheres to any surface,w00d, stone Orbl‘H'k‘, spreads

and looks like oil paint and costs about one-tourth as

much.



Write to Mr. A. L. Rice, Manufacturer, 126 North

Street, Adams, N. Y., and he “'1“ semi you a free

trial package also color card and full information

showing you how you can save a good many dollars.





at WW. WW





(look your feed and you save teed. It costs less. than

raw and keeps yournnimolsin a healthier condition.

'l'nstes better, is bigger in bulk, more digestible and

more nourishing.





“Farmer’s Favorite”





 

 





 





cused of excessive political activity on

several occasions. The movement

which resulted in the creation of the

Department of Agriculture, with a cab—

inet officer at its head, was originated

and pushed to success by the Grange,

according to its officers. It started

early in its career to curb the power of

the railroads, to prevent monopolies, to

prevent discrimination in railroad

rates and prices. It is through its ad-

vocacy of these measures that the In-

terstate Commerce Commission law

was passed by congress, the oleomar-

garine law was enacted, and the Hatch

act for establishment of agricultural

colleges was passed.

_ For the latter part of its history the

Grange has been largely a social or-

ganization, although it maintains a

most active interest in welfare of the

farmer. The National Grange now has

more than 30.000 subordinate Granges

throughout the country. At the Golden

Jubilee session the Misses Kelly were

guests of honor. "

The next session of the Order will

be held in St. Louis.





GRANGES ORGANIZED AND RE-OR-

GANIZED.





 





The following is the; number of

Granges organized and re-organized

from October 1, 1916, to December 31,

1916, both inclusive, as follows:



Organized.

Colorado 11; Illinois 1; Iowa 4; Kan-

sas 1; Maryland 2; Massachusetts 1;

Michigan 1; Missouri 1; Nebraska 3;

New Hampshire 2; New York 11;

North Dakota 1; Ohio 7; Oklahoma

13; Oregon 2; Pennsylvania 9; South

Dakota 2; Washington 4: West Vir-

ginia 4. Total 97.

lie-organized.

1Maine 1; Ohio 1; Wisconsin 2." To-





'i





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Feed Cooker and Boiler Burns

means more meat and fat, more Any

milk and eggs. It. prevents hog F u e I





cholera. Ilse it to take the chi] .-

ofi' water in winter, heating water -

for scalding hogs and poultry, »

rendering lard and tallow. steril-

izing dairy utensils. heating

water on wash day. etc. Set up

anywhere. 25 to 100 gal. capacity—

four sizes between. 30 days free

trail. Guaranteed to the limit.

Free catalog.

Co..





Lewis Mtg.

78 Oweao St . Cortland. N.Y.





 





 





 





 





Can You Afford Not To

Use Hock Phosphate





Its use means an ircrease of $8.00

to $l0.00 per acre in crop returns

at prc ent prices and the permanent

enrichment of your soil.



That is what thousands of pro-

gressive farmers in 35 states say

about it.



May we send you the story of their

experience with Permanent Fertility?





FEDERAL CHEMICAL CO.

Ground Rock Department

12 Clark St... Columbia, Tenn.





 





 





 





 





I





 





, 29._53





mAci-es Free Homesteado. Exact printed co y of

the new Mil-acre Stock-Grazing Homestead flow.

A sectional map from oflicial data compiled b ' the

State of Oregon ( x21 inches). printed in three co ore,

showmg several million acres of Government land

0 on for homesteacunz—hundreds of sections being



. noon to granted ands that can be purchased it do-

Sired at. to 810 per acre. Instructions and sugges-

tions by reliable and experienced men nato rooedure

in securing (”MC-Acre free homestead. ll willbe

mailed to your address upon receipt of one dollar.

Send check, money or ex rose order to Homestead Land

& Development Co.. '. H. Doolittle. Sec'y., Box 24.

Ontario. Ore. Reference: First National Bank. Ontario. Oregon





Free Government lands

Our ofiicial 112 page book ‘ Vacant Goverment Lands"

lists and describes every acre in ev. ry county in U, S.

'l‘ells location, place to apply, how secured FREE.

1916 Diagrams and Tables, neu laus, lists, etc. Price

25 cents postlpuid. WEBB PUBLISHING (30..

(Dept 188) at. ’iiul. Minn.





 





 





A Sifiall Pam in California will make you more



money with less work. You will live

longer and better. Delightful clrmntc. Rich soil. Low

prices. Easy terms. Sure profits Hospitable neigh-

bors. Good roads. Schools and chin clies. Write for our

San Joaquin Valley Illustrated folders free. C. L. Sea-

gruvea. Ind. Comm” AT & SF Hy” 19:37 By. Ex.Chicngo





DAIRY FA RMS are.“



‘Clty limits,

Hastings Good buildings, Silo, Clay loam, J0. 90

acres at Reed City. Fine buildings. Good soil. 36000

Terms. Martin H. Holcomb, Owner, Grand Rapids. Mich.





 





 





 





For Sale Clay'loam Farming lands. 3.5.3.??"3’:





easy terms, good roads, good markets. Em loyment

furnished settlers during winter months. orcester

Lumber Co. Ltd.. Land Dep't. Chassoll. Michigan





Excellent sandy loam, level,

'0' Acres 2 markets, 3 mileo; new H

room house. basement barn; fruit; close to school; a,

bargain. Gleason. Farm Mon. Greenville. Mich.





' ELIABLIC information furnished to the home-

sceker and investor pertaining to farm lands and

the wonderful undeveloped mineral resources of Eastern 0k in-

lionin. Eastern Oklahoma Bhosh'i's Association. Muskogee. Okla.

160 ACRE for sale or rent. one mile west. of

Depot. Milan, Mich. No wasteland.





Level clay loam, well drained. Price reasonable.

Address. Frank Campbell, Box 25. Homer. Michigan





Michigan Farmer’s club List.





For the benefit and convenience of

our subscribers we haVe arranged the

following list of papers. Besides the

money saved they save the trouble

and expense of sending each order

separately. .



EXPLANATION—The first column

gives the paper’s regular subscription

price. The second column price is for

the Michigan Farmer and the other

paper, both for one year. Add 50 cents

when the Michigan Farmer is wanted

three years, or $1.00 if the Michigan

Farmer is wanted five years, until Feb-

ruary 1. All combination orders may

be handed to our agents or sent to us,

as is most convenient.



Write for prices on publications not

listed.



Subscribers to the Michigan Farmer

whose time is not up for one year or

more, may have as many other papers

as wanted by deducting 50 cents from

the second column price. This takes

care of those who subscribed for three

or five years a year or two ago.



We send sample copies of the Mich-

igan Farmer only.



Mention if you are a new or re-

newal subscriber. Renewals will be

dated ahead from their present date.





 





 





Boo oxplm





NAME or PUBLICATION. “on ”on





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





Daily. (6 a Week) on R. F. I). only. 8 I

Free Press, Detroit. . 3 002 75

Journal. Detroit. ...................... . 3 00 2 75

Times. Dotrolt...................... .250280

Herald, Grand Rapids. Mich . 3 003 15

News. Grand Rani o... . 3 008 15

Press. Grand Rapids" .. . 3 D) .i 16

Courier-Herald. Bngin .. 2 50 2 50

News,8aginaw ............ .......2.’i 260

Blade Toledo. Ohio..... 2 592 60

News-.800, Toledo. Ohio .................. 2 7.“ 2 in

State Journal, Lansing. Mich ............ ’2 50 3 on

Tri Weekly Newspapers I

World, N. Y.. City .......................... I 00 1 30

Semi Weekly Newspaper-

Journal. Detroit, Mich ................... i 10 1 25

Weekly Newspaper.



Blade. Toledo. Ohio...... 1 m l (I)

Commoner. Lincoln. Neb. . 1 001 (5

Enquirer. Cincinnati, 0. . .. 75 ,5

Cattle. Sheep. Swine. Poultry. etc.

American Boo Journal. Hamilton, Ill.(w) 1 1 25

American Poultr Advocate. Syracuse. 75

American Sheep reader. Chicago (m).. 1 l 1.‘

American Swineherd. Chicago. (m)..... 85;

Green's Fruit Grower. Rochester. (m.).. m

Board's Dnirymnn. Fort Atkinson, W19. 1 1 2.0

Jen-soy Bulletin. Indianapolis, Ind. w) 1 1 ',





Kimball'a Dairy Farmer. Waterloo. 3.

o-m

Poultry Keeper. Quincy. Ill. (ml .........

Pon'itr Success. Springfield. 0. (in) .....

Rolinb 0 Poultry JournuI.Qnincy.Ili.(m)

Swme Brooders‘ Journal, lndiunapolisl.





-‘l

1:





Ind. (s-m ....

Micki-an Poultry Breeder (mo).........

Pop~ilnr_ Magazines.

Evgrybodyfl Magazine. N. Y. City. (in)...

Every Week .................................





Etude. Phi adolphln. Pa. (in)

[color-ea \Iuazino N. Y. City. (m)....

Musician, Boston. ass. (in) ..............

Wntionnl Sportsman Boston. Mass. (in)

’oople’l omo Journal. . . City. (in)

People’s Ptixulor Monthly, DeMotnea. In.





 





hdhdbih‘hlrl

h‘h‘h‘F‘blhi





 





 





 





Farms and Farm Land. For Sale





YOUR CHANCE 15 ill CANADA





Rich lands and business cipportunitioa oifer you inde-



donce: Farm lands. 5 to SE!) acre; twig-ted lands,

Elie 350;.Twenty yen- to‘poy; 82.00010“ nimprove-

mehts. or ready made farms. Loan 0! livestock; Tana

average under twenty cents an acre: no taxes on ini-

pmvementa, personal property, or live stock; Good

markets. churches. schools. roads. telephones: Excel-

eni; climate—crops and live stock prove it. Special

.tiomoeookors' tore certificates. Write for free book-

ots. Allan Cameron. General Superintendent Loud

,Bran‘cth. Canadian Pacific Ry., 125 Ninth-om. Calgary,



4!.





Albe

THE JUDITH BASIN

' offers exceptional opportunities

. iothe farmer. 0900an nndln-

vestor. Sui-e crops by ordinary

farming methods. Honest every year—not once in

nwhileJVo irrigation.splendid climate. excellent miter.

good morkeu. You can do better in the. Judith Basin.

Buy directfrom the owners. Prices lowe-tJn-ms mi-

nt. Free information end prim sent on request. Addy-es

The Cook-Reynolds 00.. Boxwtm. Widow“. Kenton”





 





 





 





Red Book asozlno Chicn . Ill. (m)..

Review of Reviews. ll Y. Cftoy. (





{Bed





ml......

Lodioo' or Household.

Dolinooeor. N Y. City. (in) .....

Designer. . .City. In

Lad on odd. New York City (um. ..

McCall's Magazine and Free Pattern,





 

 





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v-i. H

838883 8338888 8&8 88818888888 88 8839? 888$8$8





 





N. Y City. (m .

0th '8 Mon. Ellln, I" (m) ...... ...... 1

Piotori-l Review N (it v (m) .......... 1





Today's Magazine and Free Pattern (in).





bib-lb.





Woman's Home onion. N.Y.Oity. 1

Woman- World. Chiiingo. (In) ------- ”-1-...

Juvenllo. 3’





American Boy, Detroit Mich. (m).......

Boy- Mnnzino. finatlnoort. Po (m)......

Little Folks. Salem. Mus. (m) ..... ...'..

Young People's Weekly, El gin. Ill. (11.)

Youth: Companion. Boston. M





These clubbing prices not guaran-

teed for any length of time.



The Michigan Farther is 11 d in

these clubs for three years. I wanted

for one year only. deduct 50c"; if for

five years add 50c. ' ‘ ~ . ‘~





 





 





.Dh‘hihdt¢ €951

889388 333885 8'58 8d8¥8¢88$a~°88 88 838





”Hun-I





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Illllllilillllllllllllllllllilll|lIIIIIliIIIlllllllllIllIlllI||Il!llll|lllIIlillIllIllIillIiilllllllllllllllllillllllllg‘





Veterinary. E





fittmumlllmmlmimlmimlInllulilllIllili'Illllltlllmllimllullmululmmllmmllillmlummi

CONDUCTED BY w. c. FAIR, 'v. s.





illlilllllllllllillllllllll





 





Bruised Knee and Fore Leg.—-I have

a young mare that has swollen knee

and fore leg is some stocked. She has

a nasty habit of pawing and I_ have

thought she bumped her leg against

manger, or bruised knee on floor. The

bunch in knee is quite hard. C. A. E.,

Dorr, Mich—Give her 1/2 dr. potassium

iodide at a dose in feed or drinking

water twice a day, and apply one part

iodine and nine parts fresh lard to

bunch on knee three times a week.

This ointment should be well rub-

bed in.



lndigestion—Looseness of Bowels.—-

We have a seven-year-old mare that is

fed five quarts of oats daily' and all the

straw she will eat. Her bowel move—

ments, are irregular and occasionally

she acts as if in some pain. We have

been feeding her some stock food and

gave her a tablespoonful of raw lin-

seed oil with it. H. B., Kent City,

Mich.——You should increase her food

supply and change her feed, then she

would thrive and do well. Mix togeth-

er equal parts of cooking soda, ginger,

gentian and charcoal and give her a

tablespoonful at a dose in ground feed

two or three times a day.



Heavy Coat——Clipping Horses.——I

have a seven-year-old horse which has

the heaviest coat of hair I ever saw on

a horse, he sweats all the time; would

it be safe. to clip him? His coat is

very rough and stringy. urine is a yel-

lowish color. He is led oats, corn and

mixed hay. In the morning 1 find him

soaking wet. H. H., Kewadin, Mich.—

The writer has owned such a horse as

yours and found it necessary to clip

him two or three or four times a year,

and by doing so the animal kept in

good flesh, but Htt‘Jit‘d to perspire so

much when the l1(3l\'_\' coat was on, as

to weaken and 1,...ke him thin. Mix

together one part ground 1111K vomica,

two parts ground ginger and three

parts ground gentian, give him a table-

spoonful at a tlose in feed three times

a day and a teaspoonl‘ul of acetate of





potash at, a dose twice a day until his'





kidneys act free and he ceases to per-

spire so much; however, it may be nec-

essary to give this horse some kidney

medicine, occasionally, and the last

mentioned drug is aboutras harmless,

effective “and not an expensive rem-

edy,” as you can give. '



Lice on Cattleml wish you would

tell me how to kill lice on cattle and

horses, as we have tried several kinds

of dips and lice powder which seemed

to have very little effect. So far as I

can tell, the cattle lice seem to get, on

the horses. J. \N. 15., Levering, Mich.

——As you perhaps know, cattle lice re-

produce by means of eggs or nits

which they fasten t0 the hair. The

blue lice are usually found on the neck

and shoulders and the red lice on near-

ly every part. of the body. Nearly all

the coal tar preparations, if applied

strong enough, will kill cattle lice, so

will an infusion of tobacco. Beaumont

oil emulsion which is a petroleum ob-

tained from Texas wells always gives

good results. Kerosene oil applied

properly and not allowed to remain on

too long before washing it: off, will also

kill lice. But, remember, killing a few

lice on your cattle don‘t drive them

out of your stable and grooming tools.



Capricious Appetite——Feeding Ques-

tion—All my sows and fall pigs seem

to prefer to root and eat particles of

food or something else they find in

filth, in preference to eating clean

grain. I have fed some salt, ashes,

charcoal and copperas. My hogs are

not thriving as well as they should. I

am feeding steers weighing 950 pounds

which I expect to keep until spring. I

feed them corn in bundle night and

morning and hay at noon. How much

corn per day should each steer have?

This is my first experience in feeding

and everybody I have consulted has

given me. different advice. F. 0., Sa-

line, Mich.——Mix together one part of

powdered sulphate iron, two parts air-

slaked lime, two parts ginger and five

parts ground gentian and give each

hog that weighs 100 pounds or more a

teaspoonful in feed night and morning.

Your hogs should have a change of

feed and if you have any roots, feed

them some. Also I advise you to feed

some tankage and perhaps some

ground bone. Now, regarding the feed-

ing of steers for profit, I believe it is

good practice to avoid surfeiting feed-

ing stock; however, the appetite

should be thoroughly satisfied and the

feeder or caretaker should be the best

judgeras, to quantity. There is a great

difference in animals, some of them

requiring considerablypmore food daily

than others.





 





“rill r N often ” Holstein: 'V





THE MIBHIGAN SHORTHB‘RN

BREEDERS’ ASSOBIATIUN





Invite you to attend their





SECOND ANNUAL SALE OF





Shorthorn Cattle





Which will be held at





East Lansing on Friday, January 19th.

At 1 P. M.





Consisting of twenty—seven females

and twenty good husky young bulls. A





Catalogues ready January Ist.





Auctioneers:





Capt. T. E. Robson, Andy Adams

W. W. KNAPP, Sale Manager





We Have a Few Choice Holstein Bull Calves





By careful retention. for man on f



ducing females and use'of mgoziorfiires‘o largest, {:3-



herdof wonderful quailt has been est: liched. We



are selling young bullso this‘fl'O’P NOTCH"qunlity.



of sewn-cubic age. at moderate ricos. Information



5edtgrees.etc.. on application. cPHERSON FABMQ

0.. Howell, Michigan. .





 





ball for sale. 2 years old, b a so f Ki

30 “L the Pontiac-.8. Dam sold for 31(in in figtroitnoil‘g

Ferd. J. Lance. Sobewalng. Mich.





 





’ oL-tein Calves. 10 heifers. and 2mm: 15-16 h

H: weeks old. beautifully markodJfiLOO eachacglgogl

for shipment anywhere. Edzewood Fannfll'h lkwnlcr.Wiu





. Three flne Registered Hol-

At A Bar 3'". _st.oin heifers. \ no 2yr. old

in calf, one year] as, one six months. By 24 lb. butter

bull, out of excellent A. R 0. Cows H M. FERR .

(ROugemount Forms). 418 W. Confleld Ave, Detroit





Holstein Bulls





l to!) months old. Dam‘s A. R. 0. Our herd sire is

Johann: McKinley Segis 3d. '1 nearest Dame aver-

age 27.26 BLISSVELDT FARMS, Jenicon. Mich.





OAK L EAF FARM

Herd Sire ‘ -

Ypsiland Sir Pletertle De Kol

I have several young bulls for sale. good individuals

and the kind that is a credit, to head any herd atfarm-

era prices. E. H. Genrhnrt & Son. Mnrciellua. Mich. ILNo. 4.





 





 





 





 





' ' Youn bull rend f i .

Mastered Holstein. minimal... sham;

. guaranteed.» . B. Jones and J. F.Lutz, Cohocmh. Mich.





A 26 LB. JR. 4-YH.-0Lll





A20lb. Sr.2-yr.-old and a. 15 lb. Jr. 2.,vr.-old were

among the records recently made in our herd. All

cows in the herd have creditable A. ll. 0. records and

are tuberculin tested.





PEACELAND STOCK FARM, Three Rivers, Mich.





Chin. Peters. Herdsman. C. L Brody. Owner. Port Huron Mich





 





 





.REG. HOLSTEINS: Herd headed b Albina Bonte

. . . 24. Dam's recor at. 6 yrs. butter

28.53 lbs. milk 619.4. Yearly record at. 2% yrs, butter

8021bs. milk 18622 lbs. W. B. HEADER. Howell. Mich





 





f

Reg. Holstein Bulls fi???.¥..°§.7e.fi¥i‘fii.§.'§m.?§l.

each. Dewey C. Pierson. Hadley. Mich'gan.

' HolsteinHeifercalvesSm . ld i l

3 “0&5“er marked. 5125 each, mlofoi') th: 1’28 y

J M. ILLIAMS. NorthAdams.lVlich,





 





 





()IIR Heifers and one Bull calf high grade Holsteins

_ nicely murke . $20 each Express paid or $95 for the

five all Express paid. Meadow Glen, Whitewatenwm





 





EG. Holsteins. Place your order now for a bull calf.

I have cows due to freshen soon. bred to the best

bullin Mich. Elmer B. Smith. Redford. Michigan





 





Dnairyme !

——The Truth





You maybe preludi ed ' l

the Jersey because cyouuiliiiia

know her. Look her up. She'n



the Money Cow.

. Get This Book—a h' t of

Gel: \ . thc breed and full of v.3; all...

‘ . “ eating tests and facts. ll proves

Th1. conclunvely that for pure dairy; type, econ-

omy 0 pr uction. rich es: milk. I .



80"“ life and adaptability to {gods 0and oiling:

—all these combined—she stands way





Siretl by Long Beach DeKol Korndyke. His sire Friend Hengerold DeKol Butter Boy. D ' ' '



Pontiac Aaiggie Korndyke. She has 0.1200 lb. record. 11-3) .b. sisters. 3-1;U~J lli. sisters. lier d3$$ii§ii§iiigi 3% Ebola??? all. This book ‘About JCT“:



Friend Hengerold De Kol Butter lioy has 1000 lb. year record. Has 4-30 lb. sisters. 3 sisters above 1200 in year “nan-f 'lch‘ree. Get 233;" CODY now. You

' I [1118 )7 good ICE 8.





LONG BEACH FAR A, AUGUSTA. tKalamazoo. 00..) MICH.





The AmericanJerseyCattle Club





BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY. 4 litiffifilt‘fiffiit‘l‘ig‘fiiif13.3%?.‘f‘Witt“f::.‘::3";.’:if%li 346 We“ 23rd Street- New York City





 





$97). Extra prolllisiiil; t-nlvcs. All‘llllvl‘w (Hell. Wliitllwatcr. Wis.





 





(‘iialige of Copy or Cancellations must reach us





Ten Days before date of publication. 0 U E R N 8 BY S~BHUI§11%TAIIGJ%I%13





Containin blood of world chain





We Offer a Few Special Bargains "‘CKS'OUER S“ FARM.Baainaw.l’ii‘."§'.2Micii





 





. from hi h. rod i d

Juicy Bulb for Sale man “n5... .‘L‘ié‘ésf‘i‘i'al‘é';

semi-oilicial test. C. B. We iner. R. 6. Allegan. Mich





 





In S. C. White Leghorn cockerels, Ram- For Sale: At. farmers prices. registered Guernsey ”all“ Lane R. or M. JERSEY HERD 'oiiers for sale.





bill is old enough for serice from advanc-





tuberculin tested bulls bull calves and





bOUlllet rams, Hampshire pigs (ellher ed registered cows. L. J. Byers. Goldwater. Mich. heifer Cillvefi carrying the blood of the greatest fro-

c .





 





sex) and Holstein bulls. A good chance





for a small investment to reap the bene- Reg Guernsey Bulls ““0 “r-GODBOfMW R086

/ - Ki 1 L - ' '



3355330 Eludll) it?" 12 ifno. old d%.‘1§.'ii§y 303239.353; Maplo Hill Farm flaglsimd lomy Callie for Sale

. - . x 8 ' B " ' ' '

years Of expert breedlng. guaranteed. Alfr1ebd(ldn?llovrltioeiii, efifiltonéaltllisdlii’éigl 1





fit of a large expenditure of capital and





cucers of the breed. IRVIN FOX. Alleznn. M





 





Both sexes. The kind that pa. at th '

J. R. Worthington. R. No. 7. Liming? ai‘oi'hzcn





 





Flanders Farm, Orchard Lake, Mich. ' ITERNSEYS:Bi~ed heifer“. mature cou'buucfllves Jersey Bulls for sale. ready for service. Out of





From 0. long line of Adv. Hogwanceators with large





good producing dams. Prices right.





CAI ILE. , , record. G. A. WIGENT nte_rvliet. Michigan 3- 3- FOWLER. Hartford. Mich.





 





from





For safe auA. R. Reg. Guernsey cows, 2 yearling '

lls. 2 bull calves from A. R. cows. Chea ). I he Wildwood F

Aberdeen Angus Bulls For sale JOHN EBELS, R4110. Holland, Mic . Jer‘fiei‘cattlo. Majesty Blood. We havealitl'lg‘forulo





12 head of choice young bulls old enough for service.





All sons of Black Monarch 3rd. (hand Chamriion Bull



Michigan State Fair 1914,1915 and 1916. Black Ionnrch .



3rd has been sold to W. E. SCI‘IDDS. Wildwood Farms. ' J ERSEYS FOR SALE Yolangbulls

a y to r





for the record price of the Breed in Michigan. $1200,

U. L.Clark. Hunters Creek. Mich. Sidney Smith, Mar, 100 Registered Holsteinn—IOO





ABERDEEN-ANGUS months, from 30-11). sires and choice A. R. O





Bulls for sale. of ages from a few weeks to 14





egister of Merit cows of good t. e. W

wants. Alvin Balden. Cnpac. Michiygliin. rite your





service from R. of M. ancestors. Mead l '

\‘l aterman til Waterman. Packard Roud,fii7ii gll‘lbdfllrfill-gl'





Long Veiw Farm flog. Janey Caii'o §$§98°l~’i‘§-?ii‘é





dams. Have some special bargains for quick Fox. B. of M. record of dam 7881bs. butter in one





B ll b BLA »K V ‘Y ITO, l , V , . v . . . .

‘1 8 y C Q ALI'I 8 1'0 1‘ ”Ht 914%}; sale. tome and see them or \Vl‘lte for pedigrees your. Moderate prices. 0. S. Bassett. Kalamazoo. Mich.





Breeders and Gulf Herds Mich. State Fair 1916. 1 . ‘

also won first on Exhibitors Herd. Jr. Champion Bull. ant prices.





Jr. Champion Female. and Grand Champion Cow. Also R. Bruce MCPheI'SOI’I, HOWE", Michigan Fun ‘ S‘LE "EGISIERFD JERSEY BULL:





breeders of Percheron, Hackney and Saddle Horses.





for service. Write your wa





 





WOODCOTE STOCK FARM, IONIA. MICH.





 





Aberdeen Angus D0 You Want A BU“?





Eight. bulls from eight. to ten months old. One show .



bull. eight yearling heifers bred. Our motto: size ROCdy For Soerce.

\rlth quality. best. of breeding. Prices reasonable.

Inquire of F. J. WI





LBUR, CLIO, MICHIQAN. ngfil: n grand daughter of The King of tho

0.. Birod by a bull that. is more than a half I

brother to the Champion Holstein Cow of the ll lo Farmstead “n." (huh 3“" “"03 from R

a





Read ts

SMITH til PA KER. R. D. No.4. Howell?M.ichigan

' I

For-sale. cev .

"libido Firm Jerseys calf fine. ia‘i’ééf‘iifi‘v‘li’fii

w osccomblned butter pro action of four nearest

dams is &878 lbs. butter. 0. d 0. Deake. Ypsilanti. Mich.





of M. Cows. also heifer onlvoa and several bred





—0nc of the foremost dair breeds. The

‘YflstEs World. and whose dam is 530 lb. 6% I f i: don htier heifers for sale. Colon O. Lillie. Ooopcrcvillo, Mich





moat. cconomicnlmilk ro ucers. C l

for sale. White Leghorn cockorelh: a v“ 0! Pontiac A“h Korndyke who I“. more b

swine. Michinnn School for the Dccf. Flintflichinnn. write for pedigrge.





MILO 1). CAMPBELL CHAS. J. ANGEVINE EDWIN S. LEWIS. Mar-hall, Mich.





Duroc Jersey dnughtefl than any other living bull. If you d6





 





' Bull calves. Michi anCh ‘

BEA‘ H FARM B'g- "0'8“!" Male and female. orldsgenclzgidllfriagggl

. ing at Farmers price. John A. Rinke.Warren. Mich.





 





GUERNSEYS Extra Good Registered





I

Average yearly production 422.3 lbs. of fat, three H o I Ste I n c o w s





fourths of them making their records as two year

olds. By the use of a pure bred sire. a big im- F o R s A L E

provement can soon be attained if the right

giectkfin if] made. ’Idhe breedi‘negfof Ehe Bgach S g¥0ml§lt25fll0 kl: $00.00.

arm er is as goo as can oun , an we en or is or 0

guarantee them to be free from contagious dis. Bigelow’o Holtoteirf sin ov‘er.

‘l‘l I





eases and to be t'f to i ,

sols ac 3y! n every we or BREEDSVILLE, _ _' MICHIGAN





money refunded. -Wri’ce an





 





at us tell you u. out

them. .





‘ CAMPBELL ti waiving. HOLSTEINS





C 0] cl m Of, Michigan . Herd No.1. Five cows. one two year old bull.

. , ' . .~ Herd No.2. Five ‘voai'lin hcife 1 .

field No. 3. Five Heifer 0:.qu “Iggygsfirling bu l





 





 





 





of service and calm from Bulls ad f ' ‘ ' "

G emsev BU“! choice. 1'51. Prlccargil (ii-service u‘fdi‘nm em,?uumnu





. brfidi .

. V. HICKS. Route 1. Bottle 035:, loin. you regd ch 5'. .v . 'L, ‘ gym..0hlo.





E Bidilell S-lioltllorns





“For Beef and Milk”

This heifer a 6 months h

size and quail y—Our own £126.32:

The blood of Scotch bulls. Imp.

Shenstone Albino and Imp. Villag-

er Registered stock always for solo.





BIWELL .STOCK FARM.





Box 8, Tecumseh. Michigan.





Shortliorn Cattle of both Sex for Sale





w..w. KNAPP. Howell. Elem.





Mil" an” ghonhorns of boat Bates strainsqoun

J. n. anniversaries. are:





Milking Stadiums. lull: Really tor :Ifllu.‘





DAVIDSON & HALL. TI CUMSE .MICHIGAN.





: .fl "‘-—Dniry or (bred Brood " stoc' { i '

ll _ hams . g. i ' ‘n' h“

m. (but. slamming-i wafi’lfii‘“.§mw ' '

APLF vaoSho no ' 1n” " ”



.1. . as" "i F”





f 3 3t?» ' jim'i'u
‘1 I I”: Slcdhom Illll' Erica right-





 

   





9 land 10 months old.

For particulars ,

Mason. Michigan.





Ellie.





address J. wEl. Touwoll.





su‘o‘nrnaims ran SALE





8 Bulls. also females. W._B.M cQuillan. Howell. Mich





Shodhoriis FII’ 81h.

ELL.





Write W. J. B





Young bulls $100. Bred cows.

and heifers 5150 for Tuck sale.

ROSE CITY. MICH GAN.





— . Short Horn ‘nuiia by Maxwalton

gihrisnirlceh .31?!“ a son of Avondale. from 11 to_13 mos.

old. John Schmidt. lieed City. R. No. 0.. Michigan





BOTH SEXES

5O Hereiords ALL AGES

EARL C. MCCARTY. Bad Axe, Michigan





For sale. two registered bull calves.

“Cd Pollfid. For description ti‘ prices. write to

WILL (liiT'l‘LlG. Wcit Brunch, Michgnn. R. . D. 1.





Cattle For Sale





Loads feeders and two loads yearling steers.

2 can show you any number 1. 2 and 3 you 1‘5 old from

000 to 1200 lb<. I<aac Shamstum. Fiiirficld. lown. ll-8.





N RADE hull of cod breeding by adiroct deer-endnnt.

.Iof the King of t e Pontiac‘s. His dam gave 25 06 but-

ter-at 4 years. (llius Berkompns. Box 55. Rudyard. Mich.





HOOS.





I I

Durocs and Victoritas '

Henv bone. lengthy Spring Bears and G1 ts rom prize

\vinngrs si red by one of the best Sons of the Great De-

fender & other noted strains. M. r. s’i‘olu, Lowell. Mich.





swigarldale Farm Berkshires





Home of the greatest show herd in the Stnte.

Stock of all ages and both sex for sole. including

some of the. winners at the State Fair. write us for

particulars and let us tell you about them and our

HOLSTEIN BULLS



some of them old enough for service. Sircd by

"Maplccrest Korndyke Hengerveld ‘(the _Bull With

the beSt yearly record backing of any Sire in the

world) And “(L & B. Segis Ulrica Pledge 108490.



all from A. R. O. Dams with good records and the

best of breeding. one very fine Grandson of tho





FIFTY THOUSAND DOLLAR BULL

out of a “17.39-lh. dam. all stock guaranteed to be

just as rcprescnted and a credit of 51x months

will be given to responmble parties.





SWIGARTDALE FARM.





 

   

   

 

   

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





tion.





 





Petersburg, Mich.

F O R SA L E





, ’ ' . . -' . .

Yonn Berkshire boars: registered. ready fill;391\ll8_

Dam lg!) a great griinddnughtcr ot the \\ orld s Cham-





pion Prcinicr Lough-[low 08600. J.T.(ii'iiiinson K3. lllarc, Mich.





The Very Finest Berkshire Pigs Cheap





C. S. BARTLETT Propr. Pontiac. Michigan





' ’ lioara, serviceable age. best blood

Befksmms lines. Registered. isLMHURST

______1 STOCK FARM. Almont, Mich.





' Mature Hows. yearling and spring gilts

“OrkShlreS: brcd i’orspring fun-owing at 12c per pound.

Shipped on zipproviil. ll. ii. liezivey. Akron. Mich.





Duroc Jersey

We still have 7 (-hoiceboars for sale. Sircd by our

Michigan Masterpiece Nth. 281333891“: i‘orpcdilfigeeXou

"ll be ire Lian [louse . ’rices iciisonu . .

"HIE JEgllNllNU'S FlARMS. R. F. D.l. bailey. MICh'





FOR SALE





Ti Re '.Sl r3 shire yrl. Ewen that are lirst class in

t-i'cry‘i'eep|ect.p Price $15 per head. Bred for A‘pr. lambs.

M. A. BIlAY l‘ISl‘A'I‘l‘I. Ukemos. (lnghzini Lo.) Mich.





DUROC SOWS





ll) head good growthy young sows and giltn bred for





 





 

 

 

   





THIRD ANNUAL SALE





MIEHIG‘AN HORSE BREEDERS’

ASSOCIATION





East Lansing, Mich.





JANUARY i9, i9i7

Live Stock Pavilion 10 A. M.





30 Head Registered Draft Horses,

mostly Percheron.





22 Head Females 8 Stallions





These Horses are sound and right.

Have been accepted only after inspec-

The consignment is made upof

mares in foal, weanling colts, and Stallions

old enough for service.





Catalogues ready January Ist.





R. S. HUDSON, Secretary-Treasurer

East Lansing, Michigan.





 

 





 





BIG TYPE Poland Cliina’ii. Boers all sold cxccpt 4 extra good





   

 





 





 

 





hours of May furrow Hired by Big ’l’ypc King BILW & 'i‘cseni-





meyer & Woudcr Jr.~95339. To close tlirm ou t in the next 10 dlys

we oifer them at half price. W. BI'L' whakcr ii: Sons. Elsie. Mich.





 





 





 





 





" China spring and full pl 5-:

Large St] ed Poland also B. P.1iock cockerelsgat





special lowpriccs to quick buyers. Robcrth'cvc. Pierson. Mich.





 





 

 

 





Big Type P.





yo .

L. W. BARNES and SON.





Four choice spring boarsleft Bil:

'growthy follows. A bargain for

11 Some choice spring son's bred for April furrow.

BYRON. MICHIGAN.





 





 





 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 





IG Type Poland Chinas. The smooth. easy feeding

kind that will grow big and get fat. Apr. pigs weigh-

ng up to 225 lbs. E. R. Moore. Ransom. Michigan.





 





C. Sowsand gilts all retained for my





type P.

Large Feb. -Sale. A few choice Spring boars Trudy to

ship. W. J.





HAG ELSBA W. Augusta. Michigan.





 





 





 

 





 





 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 





 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 

   

 

 





 

 





\





 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Also some good farmer‘s boars. This is llli‘ bcsi





 





i-arly Spring fiirrowlto twii of (.11? best bigr‘ts'pe young

' .' ,. ‘ree ivcry or \‘ll-il o ‘

liloé‘l/[g'l‘nOl‘lulSX’litfiHAfl'lfi ST. JOHNS. M l(,H.





Mi. KEEIEY. Eris, Mich. $3.” 3532.12" iii-T "3335.1





Swine. D. M. 8L '1‘. local from Monroe or Tolcdo. Kt-cney Stop. .





TWo June 1915;

lluroc lomy Roars wme mm...“ m... 1 gm...





antee satisfaclion. J.H. Banghart. Emit Jansuig. Mich.





Duroc Jerseys. choico breeding spring pigs

FM 33“, cither_ sex. Prices rig . .

John McNicoll. Station A. ii. -i. Buy City. Mich





.lereeys Big Tyne Hours with brooding and

”little individuality that is hard to bent. brcd from

prize winning stock. Brioos reasonable. satisfaction

guaranteed F. J. DR DT. R.l. Monroe. Michigan





30 bred ilts for sale

nuroc Jerseys price( to sell.

Care! U. Edmonds. "fillinlfl'. Mich.



()AliS ui'c iill sold. Dill‘OFfi. u (cw April giltfi, will he

B bred i'iirApi‘. furrow. weight ill)0|l 17:3. Price 325

while they last. H. G. Keefller. (‘zissopolix Michigan.





A fine lot of springboam

DUI'OO soars, bred right and priced





right. \V. (‘. TAYLOR. Milan. Michigan.





Duroc Jersey Spring boars with thc best of breed-

ing and individuality: also a few choice

spring gills. E. l). Hcydenberk.Waylnnd. Mich.





_ A nil-e bunch of gilts. bred or open. "

“0.06 Jerseys some good i-crviceablc mam. Also full 3





pigs. W in. \\'. Kennel}. Grams Lake. Michigan.





(‘lioico l'iill pigscithcr N'l. 31:3,





Duroc Jerseys 5.} 3m. .0... i. 1)... mm... a.





State. Fine Sim-k. .l. llli‘lib‘. St. Johns. Mich.





DUqu‘ Sous. Spring gills. Aug. Hour Pigs, Sept. .





‘ l’ig< either rex. Percheron Htiul (‘oll six

mmiihsold. l). J. Aldrich. 'l‘t'kllllshll. Mich.





.-





. ' '_‘6 beauties bred to grand big hours at

n“ no sows Auction li‘eli.1‘_’ih. Some splendid fall

l)i|&l‘.~. Orlo L. Dobson. Quincy. Michigan.





'~ 1

. 20 gilt: due tohnrrow

o. I. c. SWHNEI the last of March and

for pun of April. Will be no ld at knock—(lonn price.

Have also full pigs.“ rite me; our wants. Satisfaction

guaranteed. A. J. GO “DER. Ii. No. 3. horr. Mich.





liliESlEll “HES gilt-Zilmil.‘i‘f ',“.'i‘;.".i3“'..l'$iii-".3;

F. W. ALEXANDER. Vlssar Mich.





. ' 9 Pedigree Stock Farm olTei-‘z 1192.0 W.

Parliams Buurs. Bred Gills. Fall Pa}... Reg. A.

R. O. Holstein (lows, Mule Calves. Show Bull roudy

for-service. price 8‘15. ‘R. B. l’zirha in. Bronson. Mich.





O. 1. 0’5.





eitherfiex not akin.

Otto ,.





 





4 last fall boars big gmwtliy

ones. also last sprin pigs

Farm % mile West of epot.





échuile. - ~ thville. Ilichlgan





 





 





12 April 1916‘





Duroc Jersey Boars





Special Oflei'iug of High (‘luls Fall Bonr Pigs. Breeding nnd lndividilnlity good

enough for breeders who appreciate the best,





lot (ll full pigs we have ever had to offer. A cor—





dial invitation is extcndcd to visit the farm ziud inspect ihc stock. if you wish one of the best.

young Jerscy bulls in- Michigan \\'c have him for .‘zlli‘. For further particulars. addrcss.





Brookwater Farm, Swine Dept, Ann Arbor, Mich.





 





Raise Chester Whites

-. Like This





”2 the original big producers

. I .





0/

.4 2”





I HAVE started thousands of breeders on the road to

success. 1 can help you. [want to lace one hog from

my gran. hard in eyery community where am not already rep.

resented b these-line early developerr—ready for market. at Six

months ol . Wribe for my plan— More oney from Hogs "





 





 





 





a. s. BENJAMIN. 3.10.1110, Portland, Michigan '1‘





 





 





l





O. l. C. Stock all Sold





 





 





JULIAN P. CLAXTON. Swartz Creek. Mich.



I



l



. .



l u



. F CHOICE iiiiizii GILT 2.1.3:;

sired by “'ildu'oiid





Prince 56002.

iic





lo. I. 0's l Pri (i111!) lb.3yr_._(lruiidChampion





. at Iowu, sold for 3‘50. Ship (‘. 0:1).

1 | —J. Carl .J ewett. Mason. Mich,





 





o I c and Chester White Swine. all ages. A few

' - - service Hours and open Hilts. 400 full pigs

either sex. sired by (.‘rundolln VVmider, Grand Chump-

} ion at Ohio State Fair. Schoolmustertliechumpionof

l champions and hi best price ll'lfll.‘ 0 the. breed and

. others. Get ii sow lzired in ('uillziwziy Edd (‘irnnd Oliiini-

pion Mo. Shite fair. “'i‘ are booking ordorsNVe had the

undefeated breeders age- lierd at six state fairs. Get

Our catalogue. buy the best it pays. w e have them. We ship on





I

I





 





Approval. Rolling Vicu Stock Farm. Cass City. Mich. K. 2

O I Serviceable Boar‘s. Gilts bred for

‘ . ‘ Prices





March and April furrow.

reasonable. H. W. MA N. Dansvllle. Mich.





-0. l. C. 8 CHESTER Wlll'l‘li SWINE





Strictly big tfi'pe. E gllts. bred for Mar. and Apr. far-

row. bred to i Wonder 4th. and Prince Jumbo. Both

hours are ail red y Champion‘s. These gilts will besold

lit Farmer's prices. Three hours ready for service. also

fall pigs that will be sold clu-np. (.‘nn furnish in pairs not lklil.

Willsliipi‘. 0. l). Ncwuiaii'sStm-k l“lil‘lll. lllnrlctte. Mll‘ll.. R. l.





 





o I V 0 Choice Spring gilts not bred and spring boars.

' . - Out of Prize winning stock. ‘Vrite for low

A. V. HA'l‘T, Grasu Luke. M icli.





 





prices.





 





. o I c Service-able boars. Yearling Hows and

_ I '0 ‘I gilts bred for Mair. I'nrrow. Summer and

lull pigs. (1. l’. Andrews, lniusyille. Michigan.





 





0 I c Yenrold boar 2ndprizc wiuncrui Grand Rapids

_- ' . fair also spring gi Ito and boai 5 read) [or ser-

vice. A. airke'r. Belmont. .\lich. R. Ii 1





BIG ’l‘ype Poland (.‘hinasz. (‘hoicc April boars.fnll pigs

in pairs.(‘hnnccto got Sifll’tl‘ll for a litlln‘ iiiMichlg Mliim'cn

W Milly. Saline. Mich.





('uckcrcls. Sniislnction gii nrnutccd. R.





SlllR sou:





bred. E.





 





 





 





 

 





 

   

 





 





POLAND ('hiiieis. special. Fbigsmool‘li blocky boars

priced to move Hi once. also two Aug. hoam from a

linbcri Martin. ll. 7. Hziniiigs. Mich.





 





 





 





B' 'I’ P. 0. Hours. Big boncd husky follous.

lg WE- SRPcizil extra good icui‘ling herd bourlowa

J . ”lathewwn. Burr Oak. Mich,





 





' citlicr 90x. lill “you. Some-

For sale Poland ClllMS (him! good a! 1i low mice.

P. D. Long. R. F. D. No. 8. 6101 d l— apids. Mich.





 





F" “g Tine Poland syn:





Arnistroug Br08.. Fowler-ville. Mich.





LARGE STRAIN P. C.





One extra good full yearling and a few choice sprint:

hours A nice lot of gilts being bred for April farm“.

H. 0. SWAR'I‘Z. SiIHOOLCliAF'l‘. MIC} .





 





   

 





 





[(‘r lioned l’oliiiiil (‘liinzi Son's mill (iiltsbred for

March and April l'urrou'. Shipped (‘. i), I). (‘all or

write. l‘I. Ii. LEONARD, St. Louis. Michigan.





10 Yorkshire Gilts. 2 Boats one mature;

lied Polled cattle. E. S CARR. Homer, Michigan.





   





   





 





 





 

 





 





 





' ' Bred Sows and glli‘i for August and

Hampshlro SWIHG. September {arrow s2, Sprn g pigs.

Sex both. FLO YD l\i YI‘ZRS, R. No. 1). locum”. lmi.





"AMPS H l R E S ‘32.?" slilvliliiiiie‘ 33.1“





A. E. BACON d! SON. Sheridan. Michigan.





 





 





 





GROWTHY THE DISEASE

PROLIFIC “MULEFOOT” RESIST—

PROFITABLE HOG ING





FOUNDATION STOCK rnou BEST BLOOD or BREID





THE CAHILL FARMS

KALAMAZOO . - - .. MICHIGAN





 





 





Halladays’ Ham pshire Swine





Both sexes. all ages.

0. H. Halladziy & Son,





l‘rices reiisonnble.

Clinton. .‘lli h.





 





 





' On!) one Apr. boar lcl‘l. first-check for

HampShlms 5Lll.(.(l takes him. A few bred glltu left.

John W. Snub-r. Ii. 4. St. Johns. Mich.





 





SHEEP





OXFORD EWES





Yearlings $35.00. Shropshires all ages

$30. All good ones and money makers.





Kope Kon Farms, Kinderhook.Micli.





 





 





Oxford Down Sheep N° $3.?”

M. l“. GANSSLEY. Lennon. Michigan.





 





V11.W() ()xi‘oi'd Rani Lambs not registered at $11 each

if taken right away A few S. (l. \i'. Le horn (Jock





erols. Chase Stock Farm. ll. 1. Mar ette. Mich





 





F O R SA L E ’l‘liorouglibred 0. LC.



- Sivine, sows bred, yilt.~~i



:iiidbozirs. O. l). Somervill. (lrnss Luke. Mich. i. 2.



0 U m: ('li«+<lei' \l'hilc S uiiic. bolli scx, not



0 O O ()l kin. Vi'rit» for t'illillng and prices.

lil. li. .\lll.l*l'l"l'. 1“U\\l(‘l'\llli‘, Michigan.





0. i. C’s.





C. J. THOMPSON,





o I C’s ‘15 choice (Ellis bred to Son of School-

_ I I I master to [arrow in Main. also full

pigs. Clover Leaf Stock Farm, Monroe, Mich, [L].





 





 





Have only zi few boars of M ay,

June and Scp. furrow.

CKFORD. MICH.





 





HORSES





MR. FARMER





BUY YOUR

Percheron Stallions and Mares of the

largest breeders in the state. 75 head

to select from—herd established 1899.



PALMER BROS.,





P. O. Belding, Ionia Co. Orleans, Mich.





 





 





' ' Spring liOill'H, at reasonable

8': I’D. Puland'cmnas prices. Order soon to save

express. A. A. “001) 8r SON. Saline. Mlchlgan.





 





ARGE 'I'ypc l’. l', lfll'Kl'\l iii Mich. Hour: :11! mlil. Ilni'i-tlll of

'tlic lwsl big ~‘lrclcliy lil't‘ll gilh l I'\'|‘l' riiiwd . .N'iri-d by N lil‘l‘il lo

the largest hour.» of tlic lbl'l‘i'll. l'i‘oin llIliSth' daim Jr lni'gc lil-

tl-rs. (‘oiiic it w-c K llc clmvinccil. lepi-iiws paid if not as n-prc‘

seiilcd. l"rw- lii'cry to \‘isiioi's. \l'. l). Livingston. Pnrliin. Mich.





 





Francisco Farm 'Poland Chinas

Big Types With Quality





'l‘eu 200 lb. Spring Boats from prize winning stock.

They're long. strong, big-boned, rugged fol lows.

Pictures. circular and price list on rev uest.



P. P. POPE. ‘ MOUNT PLEA ANT. MIC“.





NOW IS THE TIME T0 BUY





'i‘wenty-llvc tried Bigfl‘ypc Poland-China. brood

sows to bc brcd for March and April farrow.

'l‘cii splendid Spring boars at $25.00 each for

quick sale. Worth $50.00.





Hillcrest Farm,





At Half Price and swim





Except some dandy (all plan. and I big rug ed black

Percheron Stallion. (regilteredi coming t ree. for

$50.00 ‘ Come and Boo him.



Poi-thud. Mich. Boll Phone.





 





Kalamazoo, Mich,





 





.i. c. nurum.





' (”furs a (lurk buy four year

Th. BelSlem Slack Falm old Belgian Stallion thatil

way above the average in breeding sizeund quality

weighing over 2200 ll». \vii 11 good .~i_vlc unductioii. prico

zind lernm right, if inn-rented write

OSCAR WOLF. - . ST LOIIIS. M lCH.





 





Percherons. Holsteins. Angus, Shropshiies, lluroci

DORR D. BUELL. Elmira. Michigan.





FOR SALE—Registered l’ercheronr‘tullions.MnreI

and Filliou at reasonable prices. In-

spection invited. F‘. L. KING 6r SON. Charlotte.Mich





 





 





' ' ' P ‘ ' -l ' i e . '

The Falrlleld Slack Farm. h.§.'.‘..i?'Ie'i'..».-€llfimB?if£€‘12

and Oxford Down RllPPp. H. B. Peters. (‘arlnnd. Mich.





 





' Stallions from one to

Reglstered PerCherons‘ four yczirs old and two

2 your old mares. Priced to sell. inspection invited.

L. C.HUNT. EATON RAPIDS. MICH.



\.





Pure Bred Percheron Stallion





5yr. old. Gool “S the best. liurgniu for the money.

'1‘. G. Riemenschneider. Grass Luke. Michigan





 





OR SALE Stallion colts by lmposant-79412i (7M3)



weight 2340 lbs. From mares as good. Agefii‘rom two

months to three years old AH as you can good find any

where. Chas. Osgood la Sons. Mendon. Michigan.





 





 





Big in: Poland china l’ifi‘oii'fiib’i'éflf‘ $553.1





.faction guaranteed. G. W. Holton. Kali-mum. Mirli.R.ll. .





 





Ponies For Sale





Four small Shetland ponies. five years old each. well

broken single. double or saddle. Am leavi the

farm. 1M“. Lydia S. Wright. Coldwqtor. Mic igan





'
1 séndyou This , .» _





mum





on Live ,

e Stock -

It Contains Chapters on

How to Have Healthy Hogs.





How to Avoid Losses at Farrowlng Time.

Howgto Save Your Lambs.

How to Feed and Care for Sheep.





   





 

 

 

 

     

 





 





 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 





 

 

 

 





 





3 How to Fight Off Disease. ’

,0. The Secret of Making Money lrom cattle.

m Horse Health and Horse Profits.

inter- How to Get More Profit from

d' Poultry—and other valuable

we. In Information Free,/Postpaid

haying

healthier,

thrittier

stock, be

sure to send

for your .

mu; COPY Right NOW . , .

it!” new b°°k’ when all kinds of live stock are bringing . Iflousms "I"! ll" ""3:

Fl“ out the . top notch market prices ———When every pound of gain "suggggmgg :33; itself

““9““ piles up profiits fast and .every pound of lost flesh and {$236smegma:fifeggijggzgggg~

Mail it wasted feed costs you heav11y, don’t stand by and let the were seamen 5..., 1....

WW- deadly, blood-sucking stomach and intestlnal worms Infest your ' .1lgg'gogg'gdggegigggmm





   

   

   

 





: pigs which got through the fence with

my neighbor’s hogs._ All of the hogs

belonging to this neighbor. died from

cholera. Mme did notmiss asmgle

. feed. SAL-VET does more than you

c arm."



A. L. SMITH, Kellerville, Ill.





Cows Gave One-Third More Mllk





"There is no “guess-50' with SAL .

VET. Results are so apparent that





flocks and herds. Get rid of these profit-eating pests. Put every

animal on your place in condition to get full benefit of what they eat—make them

gain faster—weigh heavier— make you more money. My free book tells how——





\ \ \V ’ The lireat

k l . live Stock





 





   

   





 

 

   

 

   

   

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 





 

 





 

 





there is no room for doubt. My cows

increased one-third in milk at the end ‘

The area, of the first week’s use." .

\ H. E. FARRAR, Spruce, Mich.

Worm Works Wonders on Sheep





 





"I am well pleased with the results

I obtained from feeding SAL-VET. it

did wonders for my sheep. .They did

not look good at the beginning of the

wmter. but: now they are looking fine."



R. J. MOFFET’I‘, Holland. Minn.





Great for All Stock





"I have seen good results from feed-

, ing SAL-VET, as m horses are now

getting fat and slee_ , In spite of the

fact that I’m working them hard. I

was greatly surprised to see a lot of ‘

worms 4 inches long com-

mg away from my little

pizza. only two months .

o





'P. L. KIRK.

Axtell, Kansas.





conditioner





   





Destroyer





 

   

 

   





 





has saved farmers millions of dollars. It successfully rids stock‘pof worms, aids diges-

tion, makes stock thrive better, prevents dangerous diseases—saves feed— saves you

money. It has rightly been called the “salvation of the stock busmess in America.”





The Cheapest and Best Stock Remedy





SAL-VET costs only 2%¢ a month for each hog or sheep and only 10¢ a month ..

for each horse or head of cattle. One pound is 60 days’ treatment for each hog or sheep,

”5 ‘ four pounds is 60 days’ treatment for each horse, mule or head of cattle. F Ill out

‘39 the coupon, telling me how many head of stock you have, and the name





   

   

   

 

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 

 





 





0 '4 and address of your dealer, and I will send you my valuable live

“00» g? ‘ stock book free and tell you how and Where to get enough

6’0 ‘35. ‘ SAL-VET to feed your stock 60 days, and have your money





 





 

 





   

 





(I) Oz. -. g ‘ refunded it SAL-VET fails to rid your animals ofstomach @

‘90) ‘2. ‘4‘. and free intestinal worms, and put the animals in good

a “3-. "’50, °o “3,; ‘ condition. You take no risk whatever. F111 out and

.0 “e, °o4 15, ‘ marl the coupon to me NOW!

“o 0 Q

63 . 9g 009% e0 ‘ SIDNEY R. FElL, President

. '- ' Q o ,

{o '. {v 00 ‘o i I - I '

o, -. .. o «v. _

0 e a.) The Fell Mtg. 00., chemists g;

a 4 .. a ’0 , “ I I. '

9%. "a 0‘36 ""30 ‘ Dept.80 Cleveland, Ohio ' ‘HJ.

' ' ' PRICES

lOlb.pkg ................ .75

201b.pkg ................ 1.25

401b. k ............... 2.25

lam-3&5 ................ 3%

mmzskg::::::::::::::::13:oo

lbs .................... 21.12





, » Dealers 591! Sal-Vet atabqye

. glass but m the far West and

uth they charge a little “30f:



on account of the extra trexg‘ t





rges.





IEIEI ”ll II “LI





0 in pack a of above size!

Julienn- loos?“- by the pound.