 

.p'rs'

Ma’s.» v ‘

  
[the hogs, and the armies which are

  
RMAM

LI/SHETD 1843.

 
The-Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.
, DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1917

voucxux. No.14? l3
Whole Number. 4964 34105

' T c Live

W .4,

‘ of the greatest importance in order
. that‘our national life be sustained,’
and that we may be able to render to
the canse'of univerSal liberty which we
are now striving to secure, our best
and most efﬁcient service, we will see
that the animal food or meat supply
should be given primary consideration.
The grains and vegetables may make
living possible, but we must have some
meat at home and in the army in order
to possess the vim, vigor and courage
necessary to carry us successfully
through the hardships of the present
crisis.

The unfavorable years of 1915 and.
1916 caused stock raisers to become
discouraged; they not only halted, but
sacriﬁced their breeding stock, letting
it go unreservedly to the shippers and
the butchers. Efforts were made
through the agricultural press to me
vent the unwise procedures, but it did
not bring the desired results. The high
prices paid for both meat animals and
grains brought a pressure to bear on
the producers that seemed irresistible.
The present proﬁts were immediately
before the stock raiser’s eyes, and
they accepted what they had in hand,
and abandoned the possible prospects
for better returns in the future. The
result is well known. As far as meat
animals are concerned, whether cattle,
sheep or hogs, Michigan has much less
than a normal supply; nor will there
be a reasonable supply of what is ac-
tually needed as long as the practice
of selling nearly all the calves for
veal, the ewe lambs for mutton and
the brood sows for pork. It seems like
a criminal practice to cut off the pos-
sibilities of supplying the future needs
of the country by such reckless sac—
riﬁces.

An Unwise Sacrifice of Stock.

In the past I have been accused of
being over zealous in my seeking to
justify the actions of the farmers in
their efforts to secure, not only a liv-
ing on their farms, but to save and lay
by a competence for old age; but when
the dairy cows are sold for meat be-
hause'beef is high in price, breeding
ewes are sold because mutton is high
in price, and all the hogs on the farms
are sold because the prices for pork
are high, I confess that my perceptive
faculties are not keen enough ,to see
the wisdom in such practices. It may
Cost an extra. effort, sometimes, to car-
ry the breeding stock over an unfav-
orable season, but the advantage of
keeping the “seed of the kind” must
be apparent to the average mind.

Farms without stock of any kind, ex-
cept, perhaps, the work horses and a
few hens, when ' grasses and other
feeds aregoing to waste because there
is nothing to consume them and turn
them into meat, is an evidence of
“slackerism” of a. very undesirable ‘
type. The farmer’s family needs the
products from the cows, the sheep and .

  
" tending for _ eq

ual humanity rights

 
F we review in our minds the things

 
cult to endure in the home, [but the
men who are enduring the hardships
of army life, need the full ratidns made
up of the best cereals, vegetables and
animal meats, in order that they may
serve their country well and guarantee
to those who are near and dear to
them the possibilities of freedom and
happiness while life shall last.
More Sheep and Hogs Needed.

Luckily for all concerned, all farm-
ers have not abandoned their herds
and ﬂocks. With the exception of some‘
portions of the south, notably Texas
and Oklahoma, where a severe drouth
has prevailed, conditions for producing
grass-fed beef cattle have been pretty
good." In the markets of the middle
west, west, and northwest, cattle have

been coming forward in considerable
numbers. During the ﬁrst nine months
of the year more than two million
more cattle were sold in the great mar-
kets of the country than were sold dur-
ing the same period of last year. The
showing of cattle is encouraging, but
the showing of sheep and hogs is dis-
couraging. During the period men—
tioned the number of hogs sold was
nearly two and a half millions less
than last year, and the number of
sheep was nearly a million less than
last year.

The September run of cattle this
year was nearly a half a million more
than last year. The September run of
hogs was more than a half million less
than last year and of sheep nearly as

 
A Few Sheep Could be Profitabiy Kept on Nearly Every Michigan Farm.

We produced in 1916 only 35 per cent of the wool that we used. We
have never seen such a price of wool as exists at the present moment. There

'is every reason in the outlook and in proﬁt for the increase of our sheep.

There is very little possibility of such increase on our. western ranges for
many reasons. There is, however, the general fact that anywhere from three

to-twenty sheep could be added to almost'every farm. They would feed upon

ﬁrst would otherwise go to waste; and in the aggregate would fur-

   
U. SFood Administrator.

_ .1 .

/

    
“mw‘mﬁes with the greatest‘ﬂock ofsheep in the world—Herb-

   
8].00 A Y EA R
$3.00 FOR 5 YEARS

took Situation and Outlook
* ”By N. A.CLAPP

bad a showing. Some of the diminu-
tion in numbers may be accounted for
with the hogs when we consider that
on account of the poor corn crop of
1916 many hogs were sent to market
that would have remained on the farms
if there had been an abundance of
feed, and the prices for feed had not
been abnormally high.
Radiant Prospects Ahead.

In our great country where there are

large areas of fertile valley and moun-
tain slopes, where nature’s choicest
benediction, grass, grows in great
abundance on which live stock can not
only live but can thrive, and the un-
limited demand for all kinds of meats
at remarkably high prices, the oppor-
tunities for making large sums of men '
ey by keeping live stock on the farms
are better than ever before. It does
not seem as though it was necessary
for a patriotic appeal to the farmers in
order to stimulate a greater interest in
live stock raising; the impelling force
of business seems sufﬁcient. What is
necessary is a vigorous and persistent
effort along all the lines of live stock
raising. The reward is waiting for the
claimants who may seek for it and
will Win it.
_ Whether the w0rk is prolonged for
several years, or' is brought to a speedy
close, the demand for all kinds of live
stock at high prices is sure to be great.
The European countries and the Brit—
ish Isles are sure to be stripped of a
large percentage of all kinds of live
stock. Those countries will naturally
look to America for the kinds of stock
which they desire, for they know that
what is needed, as far as quality is
concerned, can be secured here. Those
who have a supply of such as will he
demanded will be in a position to claim
a reward for the efforts required to
meet such demands as are sure to
come.

Hogs the Much Sought Animals.

As has been mentioned in former
articles, pork meats are most conven—
ient and safe to handle under greatly
varying conditions. Pork meats are
relished by most men who are brought
under strenuous conditions; it ﬁts in
with other kinds of food and helps in
repairing the wasted and injured tis-
sues in various parts of the body, and
keeps up the heat and energy of the»
body. .

In consideration of a high apprecia-
tion of the merits of pork meats, ac-
cording to published reports, the Unit-
ed States government has made a spe—
cial offer to induce farmers to breed
and feed hogs. The proposition is to
pay the price of fourteen bushels of‘
corn for a hundred pounds of pork. As
it is generally believed that it requires.
under favorable conditions, only about
ten bushels of corn to produce one hun-
dred pounds of pork, the price guaran-
teed ought to induce farmers to make-
a special effort to breed and raise»
large numbers of hogs. The prize is
before them and it is the privilege of‘
every farmer to secure a portion of the
enormous sums of money that will be
paid for pork meats during the war.- .

 
:
fl
\~
A
,

398- -2

 
The Michigan“c F armor

Estamm ooyricht 1’17-

. The Lawrence Publishing Co.

Editors and Proprietors
89 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit. MW
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Member standard Farm Pwm wen Association and
Audit Bureau of Circulation.

 
Entered “second class matter at the Detroit.Mioh~
1831!. post once

 
DETROIT, NOVEMBER 3, 1917

 
CURRENT COMMENT.

 
Michigan bean growers

Army Bean and dealers have awaited
Prices. with keen interest the
government announce-

ment as to prices which would be paid
for beans for army use. As our forms
for this issue were closing, information
was received that a current price for
army bean purposes had been ﬁxed. In
substantiation of this information, Mr.
W. J. Orr, President of the Michigan
Bean Jobber's’ Association and Michi-
gan member of the committee charged
with the responsibility of bean pur-
chases for the army gave out for pub—
lication the following telegram from
the Food Administration in which the
prices named are in cents per pound:

The following prices will apply to
dry beans for the army, placed during
period October 5 to November 15,1917,
f. o. b. San F1ancisco, Cal., common
point, California, choice white beans
small 11; medium 11; red pink bayo
81/8; Lima 111/2; kidney 10%, f. o. b
Colorado and New Mexico: Pinto
beans 7%, f. o. b. Michigan. Chocie
handpicked white beans 111/), f. o b.
New York state, New York, choice
hand-picked white beans 11% Beans
must meet requirements of army speci-
ﬁcations, basis single bags, double bags
one-eighth cent advance.

It seems apparent that these price
conclusions must have been based up.
on previous government estimates of
the bean crop rather than upon pres-
ent conditions, including unfavorable
weather for maturing and harvesting
the crop, especially in Michigan and
New York, and the consequent lessen
ing of the total yield and depreciation
of- quality which will still further af-
fect the total of the merchantable pro-
duct. This logical conclusion is sub-
stantiated by the fact that the prices
ﬁxed for government purchases cover
the period only up to November 15,
when more accurate information with
regard to the actual yield and quality
of the crop will be available.

The price of lll/éc per pound’for
Michigan beans, as above ﬁxed, would
mean $6.90 per bushel for the hand!
picked product in bags, f. o. b. Michi-
gan common points. Deducting the

cost of bags and the actual cost of
handling, together with the small piof-
it which the handlers are to be allow-
ed under the license plan, this would
mom a $6.00 basis to the grower for
a '_ beans gwbich have. been ,‘bringing from

$8.25 to $9. 50 for domestic consump-
tion. Of course, the above prices affect
only purchases for the army and not
for consumption by the civil popula-
tion.

Owing to the unfavorable weather
conditions which have prevailed for
harvesting and threshing the crop, only
a very small percentage of the crop
has been marketed, and these have
gone immediately for domestic con.
sumption, so that comparatively small
stocks are on hand in Michigan eleva-
tors, a large number of which have sus-

pended buying entirely until the effect-

of the above price determination 'is
Settled. Of course, Michigan bean
growers will be quite as reluctant to
sell their bean crop on a $6.00 basis as
will the dealers to purchase beans at
recently prevailing marketwalues with
the above price ﬁxed for current army
requirements. The inevitable result
will be an almost total suspension of
movement of the crop prior to Novem-‘
ber 15.

In the meantime every effort will be
made to place the Food Administration

.— in possessiou of ﬁrst-hand information

with regard to the present bean crop
situation in Michigan, where such a
large percentage of the country's white
bean crop is produced. In considera-
tion of the government’s announced
policy of allowing producers the cost
of production plus a reasonable proﬁt
in the making of all government w‘ar
purchases, there seems little room for
doubt that this schedule of prices will
be advanced when ﬁnal information
with regard to the crop becomes avail-
able.

In the meantime, every Michigan
bean grower who has not yet secured
his crop, of which there are thousands,
should make every effort to secure it
with the least possible damage from
the exceedingly unfavorable weather
conditions which have prevailed during
the weeks in which they have been try-
ing to get the crop under cover. The
country will need all of the beans that
can be saved in the present food emer—
gency.

The standardization
Standardized Mar- of any product is,
ket Grades.
ditions, a decided
advantage to the grower who produces
a ﬁrst-class product, particularly where
that product is sold in a market which
is well supplied with a similar article
of ordinary quality. A standardized
product also appeals to the trade and
to the ultimate consumer who wants a
ﬁrst-class product.

The movement for the standardiza-
tion of potato grades was started by
the government at a time when it ap-
peared that we would have a record-
breaking crop of late potatoes. This
plan was well calculated to serve the
interests of both growers and consum-
ers under conditions which made it ap-
pear that there would be a Surplus of
late potatoes'over the requirements for
domestic consumption. But with the
advent of the potato harvest season,
and the realization of a much smaller
average yield than was anticipated in
many important growing sections, to-
gether with a general desire on the
part of consumers to make sure of their
winter’s supply of tubers, prices have
ruled unexpectedly high and there has
been a liberal movement of the crop
from grower’s ﬁeld to consumer‘s cel-
lar by unusually direct routes. These
movements have been, largely of un-
graded stock, just as they were dug,
where the crop has been of a quality

to be practically all suitable for human

food. This movement has been at a
price which was remunerative to the
grower and as high as consumers,.as a

class, cduid well afford to pay. Should,

these conditions continue to prevail a

general grading of potatoes which:

would hold sound potatoes, ﬁt for- hu-

than food from the market and divert;
their use to the feeding of live stock?
'wmild be an ”Warrantod- economic:

waste.-

    
under normal can

has undoubtedly'been a good thing for
growers, as well as dealers and coil-

'sumers under normal conditions. Such

standardization has helped to make the
bean industry one of first importance
in this state. But under present con-
ditions a strict adherence to establish-
ed standards of quality will work a
hardship to both producers and cons
sumers, Owing to the late season, the
early and destructive frosts and the
exceedingly unfavorable weather for
the securing of the late bean crop,
there will be at least a million bushels
of the Michigan bean crop which will
be from ﬁfteen to thirty pound pickers

if they are to be converted into estab--

lished standard grades. Yet a large

percentage of the beans which will be

unmerchantabie under established
methods of handling would be good hu-
man food and should be used for that
purpose instead of being used for stock
feeding purposes in the present emer-
gency. It would be an undoubted ben-
eﬁt to both producers and consumers
if a uniform market grade of lower
quality than those to which the trade
has been accustomed could be estabx
lished as a means of utilizing this class
of beans. Under such a method of
handling them they would bring the
grower double what they will under es
tablished marketing methods and at
the same time afford consumers a
large amount of food at far cheaper
prices than they would be obliged to
pay for standard grades as now es-
tabiished.

Standardization in the marketing of
farm products is undoubtedly a valu-
able ideal under normal conditions, but
its consummation should not be permit-
ted to lessen the available supply of
human food in the present emergency,
when‘food saving is the slogan of the
nation.

In a recent press bulle-
tin published by the
United States Geological
Survey some interesting
statistics with regard to the use of
ground limestone and marl as a soil
amendment are given. These ﬁgures
show the production of ground lime-
stone in nine states which produced
seventy—three per cent of the total ton-
nage. A little over 1,000,000 tons of
ground limestone were produced in
1916. The output of ground limestone
has steadily increased since, 1911 when
ﬁgures of production were-ﬁrst compil-
ed. During the last six years the out-
put 1188 increased 512 per cent. The
increase for 1916 as compared with the
previous year was about thirty—iWO per
cent. Michigan is not included in the
nine states for which the above ﬁgures
are given, but is one of twenty -three
othei states uhi ch contributed the bal-
ance of the total tonnage

The same bulletin also shows the
commercial output‘of calcareous marl
used for soil sweetening in these states
of which Michigan is not one, to have
been something over 36,000 tons in
1916, this being the first year for which

gures are available. This, of course,
does not include the marl moved and
applied in a local way by farmers from
adjacent marl beds.

The rapid annual increase in the use
of lime on the soils of the states men-
tioned speaks volumes for the value of
lime as a soil sweetener and should be
convincing proof to Michigan farmers
who- have not as yet tried out the ef-
fect of lime on their sails to make an
experiment along this line at an early
date. The numerous object lessons
which have been aﬁorded in the many
communities where lime has been used
are of such a convincing nature that
wherever a farmer learns of such a
triai‘within" easy reach, he should by
all means makes personal investiga-
tion as. to the results secured - .

There is no one thing more needed
on Very large areas of Michigan soils

Use of Lime
increases.

than the sweetening eﬂect which is se-
cured by the application 1o? iliiifs in gr

either of those toms. Wbowro: elov

The standardization of beanﬁg’rados :‘

was "fused sic—catch readiiyoad use 5
lux'uriantly, it is an almost certain in-

dication that» lime is" needed, and in
every suchcase the owner should not
delay another year before making at
least a small experiment to determine

the beneﬁcial effects which may be de-

rived from an application of lime to
such soils.

 
HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.

 
Foreign.

The European War. ——Austro- German
armies are shaking the entire Italian
line from the Adriatic sea to the Julian
Alps. During the past week 100, 000
Italian soldiers have been captured,
and over 700 guns taken by the cen-
tral powers. The towns of Cividale and
Gorizia, a. point of great strategic im-
portance, me now in the possession of
the Teutons. It is believed that large
forces of Germans were taken from
the Riga front to aid in the Italian
campaign. Field-Marshal Von Macken-
sen is directing the drive under the
command of Emperor Charles of Aus-
tr1a.—In the Riga region on the Rus-
sian front the Germans have retreated
to positions along the Dane. river. They
made no further effortto toland forces
on the mainland after the repulse by
the Russians a week ago. Can
ﬁicting reports are current regarding
the morale of the Russian forces;
some, including Kerensky. indicate
that a great improvement has taken
place and-that the Slave will become a
force in the mighty conﬂict this com-
ing- year, while others state that unless
some reat leader who can command
the to lowing of the different parties
and peoples of Russia Comes forward
soon. the Russians are done so far as
having any part as a military organiza:
tion in the ﬁghting from now on.—Unit-
ed States troops are now ﬁghting on
the western front; Last week General
Pershing ordered, infantry to march to
the ﬁrst lines somewhere in.France.
American artillery has already engag-
ed the enemy. Other units are to
move to the front soon. The French
and Belgians c00perating have captur-
ed several important salients in the
region of Dixmude. They are also bom-
barding German positions along the
Aisne front. Last week 1111 ortant ad-
vances were made toward on. The
British have greatly improved their
positions along the Ypres-Roulers rail-
way.

It is reported that a million dollar
fund has been prayided by the Central
Powers to be spent in eight neutral
Latin- American countries to give the
impression that the Liberty Loan in
the United States was a failure. The
movement is designed to prevent those
countries from joining the Allies. In
this connection a campaign is now be-
ing fostered by Mexican leadeis look-
ing toward that country’s uniting hei
fmtunes with the Allies against the
central powers.

A new government is being formed
in Italy. Professor Orlando has been
asked to undertake this difﬁcult task
at a time when the Italian people are
disheartened through the success of
their enemies on the northern frontier.

National.

Reports from Washington indicate
that the Liberty Loan subscriptions
have passed the $5, 000, 000, 000 mark.
During the last day of the campaign
fully $1, 000 ,000, 000 was subscribed. At
least 8, 000, 000 pelsons made subscrip-
tions to the loan.

This is Food Pledge week through-
out the United States. The campaign
for food conservation under the direc-
tion of Food Administrator Hoover is
being carried on systematically in ev-
ery country of the several states. 011
Sunday churches of every denomina-
tion undertook to impress the signiﬁ
cance of the conservation mave upon
their audiences. .

Governm Townsend, of Delaware,
was injuled, and his wife killed in an

automobile accident Sunday night. In
an effort to avoid colliding with a team
dining a storm, his car skidded and
turned over twice resulting in the
tragedy.

Two boats weie sunk on the Great
Lakes on Sunday. The barge Aloha
foundered west of Kingston, Ont, sink-
ing in twenty- -ﬁve feet of watei. Her
captain, Daniel McVicar was drowned.
The barge Abysinia with 115, 000 bush-
els of wheat aboard went to pieces on
a reef a sheit distance from Buffalo.

One man was killed and five serious
1y injured and a dozen more badly
bruised and shaken up in a rear-end
collision on the interurban line south
of Mason early last Sunday morning.
The failure of the brakes to work prop-
erly Caused the accident.-

The Elgin Butter Board which has
been an important factor in establish
in: the basic price for butter over a
eater portion of the country may be
closed at the request of the federal

eminent

59V

 
*—

 
A

 
3—399

 
HE Upper Peninsula Experiment
Station has worked on sheep
projects during the past ﬁve
years with results as set faith in the
following report:

1912. One hundred and sixty acres

of land cleared and seeded. Two hun-
dred and fifty-nine yearling wethers
used to clean up small brush, forming
the initial trial in the use of sheep in
this section as an .aid to other land
reclamation methods.
"1913. Three cars of yearling weth-
ers (700) pastured on land seeded the
year before. Stand of seeding almost
perfect. ,Kept down brush.

Seeding Methods.

: 1915. During the last three seasons,
different methods of seeding stump

 
The best seeding was secured by jal-

lowing sheep to eat off all green stuﬂ,

then the seed sowed with a knapsack

seed‘er and the sheepheld on for a
. week to tramp in the seed. This was

done in August. Pastures seeded in

1912 with timothy and clovers still

have an abundance of clover. The

proposition of buying sheep in the
large markets early in summer, pastur-
ing until fall and selling again has
been tried out. It was found that un-
less the sheep were small and thin
when secured, it would not pay out so
far as the sheep were concerned un-
der ordinary market conditions. It was
found, however, that the sheep would
fatten rapidly on the natural plant
growth of the country, as well as on
seeded pasture and be of great value
in clearing land and preventing second
growth. Work is being carried on now
which includes raising the pasture for
live stock, sheep and cattle, on the
place. Five yearling steers of mixed
breeding and poor beef conformation
1 were put on seeded pasture August 1,
1914, and had gained on November 1,
1914, three months, an average of 217
pounds each. '

1916. There were ‘252 sheep on the
Station in 1916, including Rambouil-
lets, Hampshires and Western Range
ewes. The increase in the ﬂock was
about seventy-ﬁve per cent.

Unexcelled Opportunities.

1917. Opportunities for the develop-
ment ’of the sheep raising and grazing
industry in this portion of the state
are incomprehensible. Very .few peo-
ple have awakened to the situation as
yet. Thousands of acres that could be
utilized for sheep pasturage lay idle

 
‘—

n—_

land for pasture have been employed;

and grow up to brush every year. Some
have discovered the wonderful possi-
bilities of this phase of agriculture in
the Upper Peninsula and have proved
its success. The experimental days to
prove it a good thing are about gone.
The proposition today is to scatter the
good news and get more people inter-
ested. There are thousands of acres
of undeveloped land in this part of the
state ready to grow luxuriant pas-
tures, clovers, roots and small grains
suitable for sheep raising.

.The "usefulness of‘ sheep to land
clearing has been extensively proven
and, they'rare in. use for .this purpose
on the Station farm every year, as well
as for their economy in wool and mut-
ton production.

The following is an annual reoprt of
the sheep industry upon the Station
from July 1, 1916, to July 1, 1917:

Investment.

“ . Value.
No.'of breeding ewes, 116. . . .$ 696.00
No. of wethers and culls, 49. . 245.00
No. of rams, ﬁve ............. 125.00

Valuation of building........ 1,200.00
Land pastured, 40 acres (esti-
mated) ................... 1,000.00

Total .................. . .$3,266.00
Costs
Care through winter, 1%; hrs.
per day at 25c ............. $ 67.50
Cost of shearing ............. 18.00
Extra cost for labor at lamb-
ing time .......... . 15.00

15 tons of hay bought Decem-
ber, 1916
7. 36 tons of hay bought Janu-

196.75

ooooooooooooooo

ary, 1917 ................ 92.75
2. 46 tons of hay bought March

5,17 .................. 36.88
1 ton of hay bought March 27,

1917 ..................... 11.30
1 car hay, 4- 6- 1917, 29240 lbs.,

at $12. 60 .................. 147.29
Corn ........................ 36.13
Bran ....................... 26.40
Oats ......................... 47.64
Salt ......................... 5.00
Roots, 10 tons ............... 40.00
Accessories ................. 2.18
Summer care 2 hrs. a week for

six months at 25c .......... 12.50 ‘

Total . . . ................. $ 775.32

Receipts.

Wool 1066 lbs. at 55c ...... . . .$ 586. 30
Wool 1614 lbs. at 500.........
Rams sold, ﬁve .............. 120.00
Old ewes and wethers sold, 88 488. 60
One lamb ................ . . . 5.60

Total ..................... $1,208.62
Manure value (estimated at

1/2), 99 tons ............... 198.40
Lamb ....................... 5.32

Total ..................... $1,412.34

Results With "Sheep In the Upper Penlnsula

By B. W. HOUSEHOLDER, Supt.

grain mixture daily all winter, abOu‘t'

Value of Flock After Selling Above 95: pound of rutabagas daily, with salt and

Breeding ewes, 125 at $7 ..... 8 875.00 water whenever they wished it.
£33131”: 32. 2372:1222: 2iii?) Breed comparisons
1917 spring increase in lambs, The sheep on the Station consist of
109 at $5 --------------- - - 545-00 three breeds, Rambouillet, Hampshire;
Total valuation ........ '. . .$1,719.00 and grade Western ewes. Our experi-
Interest on investment, $3,266 ence with these sheep for the past two
at six per cent ............. 195.96 years has been that the Hampshires
T t l ‘ t Results. $1 412 34 have given the. best results. Given. the
0 a receip S """ ' ' 1 ' same care as the other breeds,_ they.
Increased valuation . . . . . . . . . . 653 00 come through the winter in much bet-
Total gain ......... . ...... $2, 065. 34 ter condition than either the Rambouil—
Total Costs. let or grade Western ewes. Their lambs
Feed, care, etc .............. $ 775. 32 have also excelled by far those of the
Interest on investment ...... 195 96 Raxnbouillet sheep, both in size and
. W strength. This year the average
Elites : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 91,3362. weight or Ramboumet lambs twelve

weeks old is about twenty~ﬁve pounds,
while the weight of the Hampshire
lambs of the same age averages close
to forty pounds each. The difference
between the size of the lambs from the
Western ewes sired by Hampshire
rams is not so great. In general, these
lambs are larger and stronger than
those of the Rambouillet breed. These
results have been observed by me for
a period of only two years and the
work will be continued through a ser-
ies of yea1s before any deﬁnite. state-
ment will be made in 1egard to which
is the best breed for the conditions of
the Upper Peninsula.

There is no question but ’that sheep
are valuable animals to this country
with all of its cut-over lands to be
cleared of brush. And, as an aid to
the settler whose ﬁnancial means are
limited, there are no animals more val-
uable than a small flock of breeding
ewes. They not only produce wool to
pay for their keep and a little more,
but reproduce from seventy-ﬁve‘to one
hundred per cent or more (if cared
for) nearly every year for proﬁt and
help the settlers to clear their land of
small brush and weeds. If sheep are
pastured 011 brush while it is still
small, they will entirely destroy it,
leaving only the stumps, and those in
a rotted condition, for the settler to
contend with and the land more fertile
for tilling. However, brush alone does
not furnish a complete diet. Some
grass seed should be sown among the
stumps, as described above.

Editorial Note—These costs and re—
sults will apply equally well to large
areas of cut over and partly developed
land in the lower peninsula and are

worthy of ca1efu1 study of every Mich-
igan Farmei 1eader.

The time covered in the care of one
and a half hours per day should be
doubled by the average farmer who
has not the conveniences for caring
for sheep which are provided us by the
state. It is our intention to give a
very conservative statement of our
work so as not to mislead anyone into
going into the sheep game and losing
a small fortune by it. Sheep are very
tender animals and the sheep business
is not one to be gone into by everyone.
Every person has his limitations. Some
are much more limited than others and
before advising anyone to go into this
industry, it would be well to say that
he should consider his own capability
ﬁnancially and mentally in regard to
the w0rk.

Profits Conservatively Estimated.

In looking over the report, one will
notice that in order to make this proﬁt
on the investment, the present valua-
tion was nOt placed on the estimated
value of the ﬂock left. Instead, they
were valued at what they are worth
under ordinary conditions to show that,
with average prices, sheep are good
money makers. None of the above
sheep would be sold at the ﬁgures giv-
en in the estimate as market prices
are almost double that amount.

Ration for breeding ewes consisted
of about three pounds of clover hay,
one pound of rutabagas per day and
salt licks and water whenever they
wished, them. About four weeks before
lambing they were fed daily one-fourth
pound of grain, corn, oats and bran in
equal parts each. After lambing, the
grain ration was increased to half a
pound per ewe per day until turned on
pasture. The ewe lambs were each
fed one-fourth of a pound of the above

 
OR March pigs, the breeding must
begin in November. March, or
even the latter part of February, is

none too early for spring pigs if they
can be farrowed in good warm quarters
so the little pigs will not suffer from
the weather. With the breeding time
beginning in November, it is well to
begin early to consider the purchase of
a new herd boar if one has not already
been procured. Some years ago when
we kept only a few sows for breeding
purposes, we bought a boar in con-
junction with a neighbor who had only
a few hogs, and in this way each saved
some expense. This scheme will work
out well where the same breed of hogs
isused and there only a few sows in
each herd to'be served.

In the purchase of a boar, the breed-
er will be governed largely by his own

imal. He is well acquainted With his
rsows and can judge best the type of
animal which will bring into his herd
the qualities which he desires and
which seem to be lacking. The boar
“furnishes ﬁfty per cent of the produc-

   
fly more inﬂuence on the herd as a.
Whole than any one sow, consequently

 
likes and dislikes in’ picking out an an- _ ‘

2 ing power of‘the herd So will have vast; ,

" [arable importance that .

BUy the Herd Boar Early

By PAUL H. EATON

and of good type. He must be capable
of transmitting desirable characteris-
tics to his progeny. I will not attempt
to describe a perfect boar, each breed-
er has his own choice in this matter.
However, the boar should be well built
along perfect lines, have good bone
and muscle and stand up well on his
toes with no indication of weakness.

into better pork-producing hogs. How—
ever, there are runts among the pure—
breds as well as among the grades, so
he must not only be a pure—bred but
must possess the desirable character-
istics of good stock. It will mean the
production of pigs that will make big-
ger gains in fat from every bushel of
corn fed when they are being prepared
for the market, and that is a most im—
pmtant factor to the successful hog
1aiser.

We ﬁnd it best to prepare permanent

By all means a pure-bred boar should
be selected to head the herd. He
should be vigorous and prepotent and
his dam and sire should possess desir-
able characteristics. It means the
maintaining of a good standard of qual-
ity in the pigs if they are already well
developed, and if not, it will mean a
great deal toward building up the breed

 
quarters for the herd boar a little apart

 
iv;

‘ (fiestas onthe 'nortnem“m.1fcm§éfosum

 
from the rest of the hogs.’ This makes
it so he is quiet and not excited by the
other hogs so he does not easily be-
come cross. He also becomes accus-
tomed to being handled. He requires
a good dry, well-ventilated pen, warm
in the winter and well lighted, and he
should be provided with plenty of fresh
bedding and clean water. A small
yard should be provided for a breeding
pen, and a pasture of a half acre or
acre sowed to alfalfa, clover or other
forage provides an excellent place for
his exercise and feeding. '

Until a few weeks before breeding
time, it is better not to over-feed him,_
but keephim in a good healthy condiﬁ,
tion. Three ears of com a day, togeth
er with a little slo'p made up or shorts

ofﬁce-514.: PoquettepEmmet county. (Continued on page 424)

 
two and a half pounds of hay, one ~ ’

 
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‘ lotions incident to commercial grading
_ and handling, ﬁve per centum by

lMlchigan Potatoes To Be Graded
. By C. W. WAID
1 . State Potato Specialist

‘ HE recently organized Michigan potatoes be sorted out of these grades
I Potato Shippers’ Association is and be considered as culls.

making strenuous effort to put
up potatoes for shipment this season which are sacked to indicate the grade.
in accordance with the recommenda- It will be marked as indicated:
tions ofthe Food Administration and
Bureau of Markets at Washington.
This effort gives promise of being the ...... . . No.
most widespread and strongest ever

made to grade potatoes.

 
whole but of the growers as vwell.

.3. 191.7

A tag 'will be used on the potatoes

MICHIGAN
U. S. Grade No. 1

The spacé after the number will be

The success used later to stamp the number of the
Of this movement Will not only depend shipper. This will not be done at ﬁrst.
upon the attitude of the dealers as a

There is no objection, and in fact,
the shippers favor the farmers doing

While very serious difﬁculties Will 0011‘ their own grading, in which case only
lfront these men, especially when the the potatoes which are marketable
work is ﬁrst started, if everyone con~ would be hauled to the shipping point.
corned lends a helping hand instead 0f Many farmers who are rushed to get

leither being indifferent or tryinglo

their crop dug and marketed will pro!»

hinder the work the objects will be ac- ably not wish to do this work them-

‘ complished.

There are very few other important
lcrops which have not to some degree
at least been standardized and it is
lhigh time that the potato is taken: out
of the “no standard class.” In view of
the fact' that this work has been taken
up during the last two weeks it is go-
ing to be very difﬁcult to do every-
thing as the shippers would like to
have it done and no doubt there will
be some who will be disappointed in
the results at ﬁrst. If, however, such
men will be patient I am satisﬁed that
the time will come when grading will
justify itself fully. It is not only to
the interest of the dealer but to the
grower and consumer alike that the
potatoes should be graded. It will en-
able the grower to be paid a premium
for quality, a. thing which has not been
possible heretofore. The dealer will
have something more staple to work
upon and as a. result prices should not
ﬂuctuate as much as has been the case
in the past and the consumer should
have a better product for the money
expended.

All organizations of growers which
do a shipping business will ﬁnd it to
their advantage to grade in accordance
with the recommendations herein
speciﬁed.

The potatoes will be put up in Unit-
ed States Grade No. 1 and United
States Grade No. 2, a description of
each which follows:

United States Grade No. 1 shall con-
sist of sound potatoes of similar varie-
tal characteristics, which are practi-
cally free from dirt or other foreign
matter, frost injury, sunburn, second
growth, cut, scab blight, dry rot, and
damage caused by disease, insects, or

j , mechanical means. The minimum
‘ diameter of potatoes of the round vari-

eties shall be one and seven-eighths
inches, and of potatoes of the long va-
rieties one and three-fourths inches. In
order to allow for variations incident
to commercial grading and handling,
ﬁve per centum by weight of any lot
may be under the prescribed size, and,
in addition, three peroentum by weight
of any such lot may be below the re-
maining requirements of this grade.

United States Grade No. 2 shall con-

rsist of potatoes of similar varietal

characteristics, which are practically
free from frost injury and decay, and
which are free from serious damage
caused by dirt or other foreign matter,
sunburn, second growth, cuts, scab,

blight, dry rot, or other disease, in-

sects, or mechanicalmeans. The min-
imum diaineter shall be one and one-
In order to alloy:r for var-

weight of any'iot may be under the
prescribed size, and, in addition, ﬁve
per centum by weight of any such lot
may be below the remaining require-
ments of this grade.”

In additibn it is the commendation

, of the Michigan Shipper-3' Association

 
; Michigan Farmer. , J

.\‘

that all coarse, overgrown or hollow winter instead of candy},

selves. Those who store the crop and
have sufﬁcient room may ﬁnd it to
their advantage to do the grading.

Cull potatoes will be much more val-
uable for feeding purposes this year
than usual because of the high price of
corn and other feeds. According to
some recent calculations made by the
Department of Agriculture four and
one—half bushels of potatoes is equiv-
alent in feeding value to one bushel of
corn. ‘

FARMERS CAN HELP RELlEVE
FUEL LACK.

 
The shortage of fuel which threat-
ens to cause suffering this fall in
many sections of the state can be par-
tially relieved, at least in the rural
communities of Michigan, by the judi-
cious use of cord wood from farmers’
woodlots, in the opinion of Prof. H. K.
Chit-tenden, of the Department of For-
estry of the Michigan Agricultural Col-
lege. Farmers, he states, should be
able to proﬁtably supply their immedi-
ate communities. It will be for the
purpose of showing how this can be
most economically done that an ex-
pert from Washington will visit the
state November 1 and for two weeks
following.

This representative of the federal
government, cooperating with the for-
estry department of the college, will in
these two weeks visit a number of
Michigan communities, among which
will be Frankfort, Grand Haven, Jones-
ville, Harbor Beach, Charlotte, Luding-
ton, Galesburg, Ionia, Ypsilanti, Wil-
liamston and Bennington. In‘ each of
these towns he will meet with farm-
ers and discuss with them the best
methods for selecting such timber as
may be desirable for cutting, ques-
tions of marketing, etc.

“Railroad rates are such as would ,

make it unproﬁtable for farmers to
ship out cordwood.” says Professor
Chittenden, “but with coal prices as
they are, there is no doubt that it
owners of woodlots will use judgment
in the selection of timber desirable for
cordwood purposes, they should be
able to lighten the demand for coal in
rural communities and in towns adja-
cent to them. It is not recommended,
however, that woodlots be indiscrimi-
nately chopped down. There is no
emergency existing which would, jus-
tify such drastic measures."

There is a large crop of potatoes in
Michigan this year, but not as large as
it would have been had the frost held
off to a later date. However, there
should be a sufﬁcient supply for all
and it is to the interest of the growers,
dealers and consumers alike that a
considerable proportion of this crop lie
in the hands of the consumers before
winter sets in.

Squirrels aren’t the only animals
that are laying by a store of nuts this
fall. We know many patriotic earn
boys whomgoingtoowtﬂlmthls

 
' A;

 
, .

 
‘ HO re 151101311ch MORE. FOOD.

With, our country at war one of the
big problems is how to produce more
food. All are looking to the farmer,
on whom the country is so dependent,
and watching his efforts to produce a
big crop with which to feed the sol-
diers and the natiOns. Very much has
been said and Written about this prob-
lem, and I think the farmers have done
their utmost, too, to produce as much
as possible, yet I think very many mis-
takes have been made. Very many
thought, and this advice was often giv-
en, that by increasing their acreage of
cultivated crops they would be able
to produce more food and thus solve
this problem. But now, with the sea-
son just about at its close, many a
farmer will see that he made a, mistake
by putting out too many crops which
he was unable to handle in the way it
should have been done. Many a ﬁeld
grew up to weeds so that it hardly
paid to harvest the crops at all, which
meant quite a loss to the farmer and
to the country as well.

Now to prevent such losses in the
future, and produce more food which
they are aiming at, farmers will have
to follow a different plan. In trying to
produce ‘more food I think the best
and most proﬁtable way would be to
increase the yield per acre of every
crop planted. To get a bigger yield
there are many things a farmer must
think about. In the ﬁrst place I would
say plant only as large an acreage as
you can'care for with your help, the
way it should be done, and no more. In
the second place, and this is one of the
main‘points, too, in getting bigger
yields, make your land a ﬁt place for
plants to grow upon. To get your land
in a condition so that it will be a ﬁt
place for plants to grow, ﬁrst of all
make it dry, for no plants except
weeds will grow well on land which is
too wet. Yet much of your wet land
would be your very best if it were
drained. To get rid of the superﬂuous
water it should be tiled or ditched
through all the low places. This is
what ought to be done from now on,
and all the farmer’s spare time should
be put into this job so that by next
spring when the snow thaws again and
heavy‘rains come, the superﬂuous wa-
ter will have a chance to getaway,
which will make it possible to get on
the land with a team when it is time
to put in the crops and to get the seed
bed in good condition for planting.

To get his land in good shape I sup-
pose every good farnier knows how to
plow, then disk and harrow it so that it
will be in good condition to sow or
plant his crops, yet very often there is
one thing which many a farmer doesn’t
think enough about, and that is wheth-
er there is plenty of plant food in the
soil to produce a big crop and increase
the yield per acre. Every farmer can
easily imagine that even if his land is
in ﬁrst-class condition for a seed bed
yet contains little plant food, that it
will not produce a good yield, no mat-
ter how much work he has done to get
it in good shape. To get a rich soil
with plenty of plant food that will
make plants grow there should be ap-
plied a good coat of manure every year
for every crop. But you may say, “We

 
don’t produce enough manure to cover?

all rour'land and that can’t be done
either.” But to ove1 come this difﬁcul-
ty what can easily be done is to use
fertilizer wheie you can put no ma-
nure. You will be surprised how big
a proﬁt you will make at a very small
cost, because you will produce bigger
. crops which will help yourself and the
country, and at the same time you will
build up your farm. 1

Therefore, in trying to produce more
food» every’farmer should give particu-
lar thought to the following points:

1. Plant only as much as you can
care for. ~

 
r

3 Lime your land to take the sour-
~ness away, which will also help to get
better results from your manure and
fertilizer.

4. Put On all your land, every year

for every crop, a good coat of manure»

or fertilizer, and with a good season
you may expect to get an excellent
crop and help to solve the problem of
producing more food.

Osceola Co. - J. FRANSENS.

'THE COST OF GROWING WHEAT.

 
In the interest of accuracy concern-
ing what is now the very important
matter of the cost of production in
many lines, it seems worth while to
point out some of the untrustworthy
results that spring from the careless
use of the much-abused law of av-
erages.

In the interesting article with the
above caption in your issue of October
20, Mr. Hutchins reaches conclusions
which, it sound, would make the efﬁ-
cient wheat grower wealthy in a few
years and ﬁne the unfortunate con-
sumer for the gross inefﬁciency of the
incompetent farmer.

An average yield of wheat in Mich-
igan of fourteen bushels per acre is
anything but a credit to the state.

It means that hundreds of incompe-
tent farmers are growing far lessthan
fourteen bushels per acre and expect—
ing to be carried along by the consum-
ing public because of the average cost
of growing wheat, which cost is high
because of their incompetency.

There are plenty of good farms and
good farmers in Michigan that can and
do produce twenty bushels of wheat
and upwards per acre, and perhaps no
one would object to crediting such with
six per cent on a land valuation of $150
per acre as an item in the cost of
growing wheat, though it is clear that
land may,easily become too valuable
for such use.

But when we take the case of the
“buckwheat farmer” who continues

producing less than the shamefully,

low average of fourteen bushels per
acre, it is plain that he is a public mis-
fortune and should not be allowed to
vitiate averages and pile up the cost of
production. Much less should he be
rewarded for it. His land may perhaps
produce fair crops of buckwheat or rye
but it is usually worth much less than
$50 per acre. . -

Fortunately for the consuming public
the prices of farm products are not de-
termined by the relatively low yields
in the areas in which either the natur-
al conditions are unfavorable or the
farmers lack enterprise, or both. For-

tunately, Michigan’s low yield of wheat ,

per acre, and therefore its high cost
of production cannot ﬁx the price of
wheat.

Clearly, it would be a very large un-
dertaking to ascertain the cost of
growing a bushel of wheat in the Unit-
ed States alone, and to be of any great
value the inquiry should cover other
large wheat-growing areas as well.

There is inherent viciousness in av-
erages when narrowly used as the has-
is of prices. it coddles ineﬂ‘iciency in-
stead f tending to eliminate it.

In lines of production other than
farming those who fall short ‘of a cer-
tain standard of efﬁciency are crowded,
but. When the rule of averages is ape
plied, as Mr. Hutchins would apply it,
the incompetent farmer,_instead of be-
ing penalized as he ought to be, is’ re-
warded at the expense of the con-
sumer.

Surely, the real farmer whose good
land and equipment are worth $150 per.
acre, as Mr. Hutchins gives it, is not
content with a paltry yield of fourteen
bushels of wheat per acre, and he is
buying automobiles and bonds. The
fallacy lies in going to him for the ex-
penses of production and going to the
cheap and poor farmer for the yield
per acre, in attempting to ﬁx cost of

. meditation per bushel.

'Kent CO. -- W. H. Pansoo'rn.

 
.lllll'nlllll l

  
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Puts you under no obligation to buy. Write for it at once.

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Farm Notes

1 Leaves and Leaf-mold as Fertilizer.

U‘Would soil and leaves taken from
the surface of ground, in oak timber,
and spread four’inches deep and plow-
, e'd into light, worn-out soil, have any
"beneﬁcial effect, or, to what extent
would it compare with barnyard ma-
nure? '
Barry Co. J. J. B.
While there is no doubt that leaf-
mold from the forest spread in'liberal
quantities upon thin light soil and
plowed down would have a beneﬁcial
effect upon the soil, yet the results
would not compare with the results
obtained from a liberal application of

statement go too deeply into the chem-
istry' of the soil to permit of a full ex-
planation in a brief article.

Leaf-mold is quite different from
humus, which is such an important
factor of soil fertility. The decaying
of vegetable matter is promoted by
two different kinds of bacteria, one of
which works in the presence of air,

. and the other which works where air
is more or less perfectly excluded. It
is the former kind, known' as aerobic
bacteria, which aid in the decomposi-
tion of leaves which fall upon the
ground in forest areas. If this process
is completed in the presence of air,
little remains of the organic matter
other than its mineral content. In
other words, the decomposition of veg-
etable matter under these conditions
,is a process of slow burning which
leaves little more residue than the ash
which would result from burning the
same matter with ﬁre, the other con-
stituents passing off in the form of
gasses, water, etc. Where a liberal
amount of this partially decomposed
leaf-mold is plowed down in a light soil
affording easy penetration of the air,
the same process is continued, though
somewhat more slowly. This is one of
the principal reasons why an open soil
is always more deﬁcient in vegetable
matter or humus than a more compact
or impervious soil in which the proc-
esses of decay go on more slowly
through the agency of bacteria which
work in the absence of air.

Every observing farmer knows that
the best way to preserve stable ma-
“. nure is in a shed or stable where it is
packed thoroughly by stock trampling
" » over it. The reason for this is that the

rapid decomposition caused by the bac-

teria which work in the presence of air
is arrested, and the slow decomposition
caused by the bacteria which work in
- the absence of air, and which are less
destructive and wasteful of the plant
food and humus contained in the mass
is encouraged. Likewise, if leaf-mold
is plowed down on a light thin soil,
something of the same results will be
secured, but the results in this case
will not be as favorable as where a
clover or similar green manure crop is
plowed down, for the reason that in
the latter case the vegetable matter is
more thoroughly mixed with the soil,
particularly the large proportion of
same contained in the root system of
the plants of the green manure crop.

For this reason, “when the cost of im-

proving a soil of this character is tak-
ren into consideration it will be found

more economical to use a green ma-
nune crop, preferably a legume which
will add Considerable nitrogen to the
soil than to depend upon a source of
vegetable matter which is both difﬁcult
and expensive to gather and spread
upon the soil.

It would be a betterproposition to
lime this soil if necessary to correct
the condition of acidity which is com-
mon to most porous soils and sow it to
sweet clover to be plowed down at
once as a green manure crop. Stable
titanium contains a very considerable
Via'mount of available plant food, much
more than does leaf-mold, although the
latter is a source of vegetable matter
two is carefully husbanded in many
of, the older agricultural countries

 
. ‘ ' ‘ ,

have been planted in drills from twen- ,
ty—eight to thirtyvsixgi-nches-apart; This look after and care for it as it is to.ob-
method of planting has been found serve meatless and wheatless days.
quite satisfactory and more economical The government has asked you to
of labor where the seed bed has been eliminate all waste and to make your
properly ﬁtted before planting, and aeres produce more and better crops
where the earliest possible cultivation and not allow any land to remain idle.
is given after the beans come up, as Raw material is higher today and will
should always be the case. demand more during the next few
Quite recently, however, some have years. It is therefore just as important
advanced the theory thatanthracnose to conserve the machine that harvests
and other fungous diseases of beans the 0‘01) as it is to save the crop.
are more prevalent where beans are Machinery is labor-saving and with
planted thickly in drills than where many of our farmers in the trenches
planted more thinly in bills 31- check work must be done in the most effl-
This theory is based on the cient way.
idea that where a smaller amount of Equip your farm with good modern
seed is used, say not to exceed «one- machineryl‘ ,
half bushel per acre, there is greater Have a good ‘weather-proof imple«
opportunity for the sunlight to pene- ment shed.-
trate all the foliage, having the effect Have your machinery in good repair,
of keeping the bacterial growth in ready for immediate use.
Whether or not this theory . Make use of the. good weather.
may be sound is a matter of opinion, Rent or loan your machinery to your
but it is passed on to enable readers to neighbor.
judge by their own observation. By so doing you will be performing
In the writer’s opinion whatever ben- your patriotic dUtY as W911 as the man
eﬁts may be derived from planting in in the trenches. Machinery means
hills other than the possible advantage 11101193" 50 ‘10 “Gt forget that the weath-
of being able to cultivate the crop 91‘ man is severe on anything left in
both ways can be secured by drilling God’s out of doors to care for itself.
more thinly in the row.
census of opinion among many good Manistee County Ag. Agent.
growers that one-half bushel per acre ”M
is sufﬁcient seed, and preferable to a SELECTING AND CURING SEED
heavier seeding, although some grow- ' CORN PAYS.
ers continue to plant as much as three-
peeks of seed per acre.

where it is ﬁrst reduced in the com-i
post heap by the slow process of de-
composition, generally in combination
with some stable manure or other veg-
etable matter to a condition which
supplies available fertility and humus
more quickly and readily than if at
once plowed down as suggested in this

Sawdust for Clay Soils.

l have been thinking about putting
hardwood sawdust on some hard clay
land. I have a mile to haul it.

it pay me to do so? Has it any value

How much would I apply
Have taken your paper for
a few years and like it very much.

Midland Co.

The amount of actual plant food con-
tained in hardwood sawdust is not very
great, nor is it in an available condi-
tion for the use of growing plants until
it has decayed through natural proc-
Under ordinary conditions the
fertilizing value of hardwood sawdust
would be' hardly worth considering
when the cost of applying it is taken
into consideration.
half as much nitrogen as straw, and
about the same amount of phosphoric
acid and potash, or about 0.25'per cent
of nitrogen, 0.3 per cent of phosphoric
acid and 0.7 per cent of potash.

If this sawdust could be used as a
stable absorbent before applying to the
soil, its value would be considerably
increased, not alone because of its efﬁ-
ciency as a stable absorbent, but as
well because of the favorable inﬂuence
of the bacteria contained in the stable
manure on its rapid decomposition in
The possible fertilizing value
of sawdust is mentioned only because
of the scarcity and exceedingly high
price of both. nitrogen and potash at
the present’ time, and particularly of
Should conditions
for a number of years which would
continue to make it impossible to se-
cure potash for fertilizing
the fertilizing value of hardwood saw~
dust is a factor worthy of considera-

stable manure. The reasons for this

It contains about

 
Under normal prices for the three
plant foods given consideration in com-
mercial fertilizers, the plant food con-
tained in a ton of hardwood sawdust
would be worth $1.50 to $1.75.
present conditions, if it were readily
available it would be easily worth two
or three times that amount, hence the
desirability of using it as a stable ab~
sorbent where it may be available and
sufﬁcient straw is not at hand for this
purpose, and the possible proﬁt in ap-
plying it to the heavier soils for the fu-
ture fertilizing effect which it might
have, but which would not be realized
for a considerable time.

On excessively hard clay spots, how-
ever, the sawdust would have a greater
value for its beneﬁcial mechanical ef-
fect than on account of its content of
plant food, since it would tend to loos-
en the heavy soil maSS and make it
more easily penetrated by both water
and air to the possible beneﬁt of plants
From this standpoint
it would be well worth the experiment
to haul the sawdust and spread it di-
rectly upon land of this type, but un-
der other conditions it would be better
economy to ﬁrst use it in the stable as
an absorbent and haul it to the ﬁeld
with the manure.

Planting Beans in Hills vs. Drills.

As I am a reader of the Michigan
Farmer I would like to ask you about
planting beans
plant them apart and how many in a
I have heard one man say he
plants 12 in a hill, but is it not too

grown upon it.

how far to _
to three hours.

hours instead of twenty-one; oats sev-
en instead of sixty-six.

This shows how the American farm- United States Bureau of Crop Esti-
er has been able to farm larger farms mates on beans there -were' 974,120
because he has swung over from mus- acresof pea-beans (also known as Bos-
cle to machinery. Farming is a great ton small pea, navy, army, true bean,
business, greater even today than in white navy, white ﬁeld, and common
former years. If you are to farm eﬂi- bean), planted in the country this year.
ciently you must have your farm well The same authority estimates that 5811,-
equipped. This is an investment to be 490, or sixty per cent, of this acreage
sure, and must be considered in your is now growing in the one state of
farm account as an expense. The pur- Michigan. (See article, “Country‘s
chase of this machinery would be con- Bean Crop for 1.917." in September .8
red a sane investment but it-is issue of-the..Mlchigan Farmer). '

Formerly beans were grown almost
entirely in check rows, being planted
twenty-eight inches apart each way,
and from six to eight beans being
planted in a hill, although some grow-
ers planted as many as ten or twelve
The usual rate of planting
was from twelve to sixteen quarts per

In recent years, however, the malar-
ity of the beans grown in Michigan

     
It is the con- FRANK SANDIIAMMER,

 
It is doubtful as to whether any
single day’s work is as important to

WINTER STORAGE OF FARM MA- the farmer who grows corn, as a day

put in selecting and storing his seed
corn. In a single day’s time a good

Machinery means money to the farm- man can easily select in the ﬁeld and
Unless this machinery is cared for arrange on racks 'or hangers for dry-
it will represent loss rather than a ing, ﬁve bushels of seed corn, enough
Buildings may be built during to plant twenty acres.
the dull season to Shelter all Of the It is particularly important this sea-
machinery With a place for each ma- son that all corn for seed be carefully
chine used on the farm.
When one 01‘0D is harvested the ma- and stored for next season’s planting.
chine used should be tagged and parts By selecting in the ﬁeld, it is possible
needing repair or replacing should be to make a study of conditions under
may take a little extra which the_plant grew and to select
time just then, but will save hours in properly matured ears from vigorous
hunting and 5’0ng OVE‘I' the machine stalks growing under average condi~
and perhaps forgetting J'llSt hOW the tions. A man can easily select with
machine did work at the time it was care, twelve to ﬁfteen bushels a day,
last used. The labeled parts should be or more. It is equally important that
ordered and when the HtOI‘m)’ days corn so selected be properly dried. If
001118 you Will have. a sheltered D1309 coming from the ﬁeld containing thirty-
and parts ready t0 make the necessary ﬁve to forty per cent of moisture, this
“A smell in time saves nine,” must be dried down to twelve or ﬁt-
and you are ready long beforehand. teen per cent or the vitality of the
Your neighbor is perhaps waiting for corn will be lowered.
supplies in the spring when the rush V
is on and time is valuable. It is then
that repairs are made hastily for the
sun is out and you must be in the ﬁeld.
Poorly repaired machinery means a.
loss many times of a part of a crop.

selected in the ﬁeld and properly cured

There are various effective methods
for drying seed corn. It is important
that no two ears touch, and free venti-
lationl be secured in order to rapidly
dry out the corn. Racks or stringers
should be placed in a dry room with

EVCI‘ since the war has begun the all" many windows, or in a well ventilated
portionment of steel to farm imple- attic. Com'for seed should not be
ment manufacturers has
and a crisis is fast approaching the be exposed to cold.
machinery situation.

139001119 1985 stored ill damp places or where it will

The increase secured from properly

Many years ago when machinery was handled seed corn over the ordinary
.1938 HSGG than it iS today, it tOOk a method of handling, usually amounts
11111011 longer period to harvest the to from seven to ten bushels, or it may
same amount 0f CI'ODS 011 a given area mean a-diﬁerence between success and
of land. - It has become impossible to failure. Seven bushels on twenty.
reap the world’s crops by hand. It acres, or 140 bushels increase, should
would be about like trying to carry result from this day’s work in ﬁeld se-
coal from the mines to the factories in lecting and arranging for curing; or at
It is'stated, I‘OUEhIY Speak- one dollar per bushel, $140 per day, a
ing, that bv the use of machinery the. pretty good day’s-work on any farm.
to handle an acre of wheat
has been reduced from sixty-one hours THIS STATE GROWS 50% OF THE
requires four . couu'rnv's PEA-BEANS.

 
'- According to the latest report of the

..<

 
mill-“patriotic dutyf just as much to

      
.K‘n " 0;

 
Model B A g If.

 
Price complete

$1 375 Eegiont

Model E 15

(Stake Body)
Price complete

$1490 $9.3

 
Model ‘EE H
(Post Top and
Storm Curtains)

iunnm

$1450 E'eﬁo'i:

 
(Express Body) C" 1 11111111111 /

   
111111.11//.l J

Price complete , ‘1 f. “mm“ “11111111111111 1

 
This Letter Tells

The Story

It was written to us by a truck—f farmer of
Indiana:

“1 had a place within eight miles of the city.

By leaving at two o’clock in the morning with

the team, I could reach the market and get a.
good stand. Last spring [sold the farm to a

real estate company for twice what I paid for

it-—and bought this farm twenty-two miles

from the city.

“I bought a one-ton Commerce Truck. 1
don’t have to leave now until four o’clock. I
can make two deliveries a day. I can use ten
more acres that I used to sow to feed for the
horses. Being farther from the city the soil
is cheaper and better and I can work more of
it. I don’ t have sick horses, lame horses and
tired horses any more. The Commerce Truck
has made this possible for me. It has made
truck-farming a business proposition.”

For seven years we have worde to produce
this one-ton Qommerce Truck. l t has seven
years of successful manufacture behindit.
We believe that it is the best designed. the
sturdiest, the most serviczelble and the.
most economically operated one-ton truck
onlithe market.

The Commerce Truck is built for business. It
is sold for service. It is bought to save
money and make money. When you buy
a Commerce Truck, you receive it com—-
pletely equipped—ready for any work, any
road, any time. You don’t have to buy
additional equipment at additional cost
-~to enable you to operate your Commerce
Truck. There are no “extras.”

 
Your Business is Our Business—~If
you need motor trucks, if you buy
motor trucks. if you sell motor trucks
because we build Commerce Trucks
for Business._

COMMERCE MOTOR CAR COMPANY
58 MACKIE AVENUE DETROIT, MICHIGAN‘

 
‘4

Before you buy any feed grinder I
see the Fairbanks- Morse Type “G "

Note its large capacity-light running
-large steel hopper—balltiz rust bearing
—-self-aligning grinding plates.

These and other important features

will convince you

that the Type “G”

~. is the feed grinder

, , for your work. -

.. Your dealer sells

ithecauseheknowe

it will give you

mail service and
satisfaction.

ASK Him to

, - . Show howltto on

Fairbanks, Morse 8: Co.
Chicago

 
“\Q§\\§\ﬁf

IRHQNCLAD

Kl WILLS

‘ Uncle Sam’s
Fighting Boys Wear

IRONCLAD ”KHA-KI

You men and women of his -‘home
guard” should wear this patriotic
economy cloth, too. It’s fast sulphur
dyed and wears like leather.
SHIRTS, PANTS AND OVERALLS
made of the genuine Ironclad Khaki
(the kind Uncle Sam uses) carry the
yellow “army" label, like the above.
LOOK for it in the garment before
you buy.

Write today for free samples of Ironclad
Khaki Cloth. and Miss ironclad Khaki,1he *,
kid glove ﬁnish ladies' overall cloth

Garments on sale by dealers—everywhere
FRANKLIN MANUFACTURING Co.
Manufacturers of Cloth Only
123 Market Place Baltimore. Md.

FARM 'TRABTDRS

FOR SALE

’1 Moline—lO-IQ H. P. 1917
Model. Without Plow.
.1 Avery—540 H. P. 1917

 
Model. Without Plow.
l Case~——9-18 H. P. 1917
Model. Without Plow.

Address Reply Box F-ll,
Michigan Farmer, Detroit, Mich.

 
N " th' '1"
to have your Fl R GARVIENTS
.RIH’AJRED in .a ﬁrst class man.
ners before 11 inter sets in.
We REPAIR and RELINEFIYR
COATS Fl. R ROBES. furnish
NEW CLOTH SIIEIIS for Fl R
LINED ('()ATS. REPAIR the Fl R
and makeov er LADIES’ Fl it- SETS
into newest styles.
We pa express charges on all
FUR ‘ . MENTS sentto us for
, an estimate as to cost.

Our price list and samples are
free.

May we be of service to you?

THE rBLlSSFIELD ROBE
and TANNING COMPANY

BLISSFIED, MICHIGAN

 
RHODES 13011331134 boﬁuti'dg:0§

not 12113-12

‘ the bark.
Mode' to all Stylesl and Size.
All ab 2 a 1'3
7‘ delivered free
to your door.
. ~PL Send for circu
In and prices ‘~
Gum ”RID!- HIGH.

AKE sure of your vegetable seed
for next year. Now is the time
to act. The forehanded farmer
or gardener probably has already giv-
en the matter consideration and the.
behindhanded grower well, he gets
left even under normal times, and war
times are far from normal.

The country faces a shortage in veg-
etable seed, much of which has come
formerly from France, Germany, Hol-
land and Denmark. Today none comes
from Germany, practically none from
France, while in Denmark and Hol-
land the vegetables are being raised
for food instead offer seed. England
is also hard pushed and the supply is
considerably below normal. The little
seed that can be obtained is much be-
low the standard usually expected of
European growers as most of the seed

 
,, crops have been imperfectly cared for.

The effect of this foreign shortage
has been further intensiﬁed by short
seed crops at home.
own state in normal years grows the
majority of the garden peas in the
United States but the crop will be very
short this year. California, another of
the leading vegetable seed states re-
ports only a ﬁfty per cent crop of rad-
ish, spinach and onion seed.

Short Supply and increased Demand.

The seed companies have endeavor-
ed to make ample provision to cover
the shortage but the increased demand
from various causes shows the wisdom
of gardeners saving their own seed for
the 1918 planting.

it therefore becomes a. patriotic
duty of the highest order to save your
own vegetable seed wherever it is pos-
sible. Under normal conditions this
often would not pay as the seed busi<
ness requires much experience and
keen judgment to keep the vegetable
type right and to prevent mixing from
other varieties. But given the proper
care, home-grown seeds are better than
seeds grown under a different climate
or in a different soil. it is commonly
known that sweet corn grown for a
single generation in the north will
come to maturity the following season
quicker than the same corn grown the
preceding season in Ohio 01' Iowa. The
same is true of many other vegetables.
Home-selected seed in Michigan is not
only earlier but where it has become
acclimated such seed will give better
results than seed imported from other
states. Seed grown in another neigh-
borhood having a different environ-
ment even though only a few miles dis-
tant, is not equal to that selected at
home for a particular soil, condition,
or use.

Select Seed with Care.

Two things must, however, be re-
membered in the home selection of
seed. First, the plant from which the
seed is taken must be desirable and be
typical for that particular variety or
strain of vegetable. Second, it shbuld
not be cross pollinated with some other
variety. Some vegetables have ﬂowers

bees or insects. Beans and peas are
an example (if such a class and seed
from these vegetables will generally
come true.
bles will cross if two varieties are
planted in same garden or in adjoining
gardens and in some cases even at con.
siderable distance.

Select the beans and peas from
plants of the best type for the partic-
ular variety. The pod-spot disease, an-
thracnose, as well as blight are carried
over on spotted seed so it is very nec-
essary to only save the seed from
clean, bright pods. Store such plants
in n-dry, airy room ‘until the seeds

1 ‘ harden up and :are easily shattered.

Seeds from the various root crops
as beets, carrots, parsnips, salsify, tur-
nips, and radishes, will not be difﬁcult
to obtain. The radish plant will bear
a-good crop-of seed the, ﬁrst year, es-

 
;' . 1151111.... A».

.pecimlzly 1f the. growth is chewed by

" Save Your Vegetable Seed
_ M

For instance, our-

that are seldom cross pollinated by

Most of the other vegetau

transplanting the root about the time
it has reached the edible. stage. The
other root crops are strictly biennials
and prodube their seed stalk the sec-
ond year so the root must be wintered
over. Parsnips and salsify are very
hardy and may be left standing in the
ground until they can be transplanted
in the spring.
Care of the Late Crops.

The other Toot crops can be safely
wintered if alternate freezing and
thawing is prevented and the roots not
piled up to heal. Outside pitting has
given the best success and at the. same
time is the most economical. Light
frost will not hurt the root crops stand—
ing in the ﬁeld. The ground may even
have become slightly frozen without in-
juring the root crop. If the NEW has
become so frosted that the skin will
slip, it must be consumed in the fall
for successful storage is impossible as
the bacteria ﬂock through the weaker-r
ed barriers and soft. rot sets in. In the
selection of the roots, discard those
having poor crowns, overabundance of
prongs, uneven coloring and a lack of
uniformity to type. ‘Top the roots
closely but do not injure the crown. A
layer of roots one deep are placed in
the pit and dirt sifted in between them
and half an inch deep over the layer.
Each succeeding layer above the
ground should be drawn in on all sides
to form a mound that can be easily
covered to keep out frost. Three or

four inches of dirt over the mound VVlll‘

allow the heat to escape from the roots
and as the. cold weather comes on
more dirt and ﬁnally manure is added
to keep out all frost. Pits for carrots
should be near the surface as they
tend to heat and rot. Root crops
should be removed from the pit and
planted in the early part of May. A
warm, deep soil, well cultivated and
well fertilized will grow the best seed
stalks. Set the roots about two feet
apart and in rows three feet apart.
The beet seed is harvested just before
it shatters, usually in August, turnip
seed when the pods turn yellow, and
radish seed some time before the pods
drop from the stems; carrots, parsnips
and salsify do not ripen their seed
heads at one time and a couple :of cut-
tings will be necessary. If these last
three root crops ‘are bothered by the
web worm, any arsenical spray will
hold it in check. Green or black aphids
sometimes appear on turnips but these
intruders may be held in check with
any nicotine spray.
Keeping Bulbs. .

Many growers in Michigan save their
own seed. The bulbs should be care-
fully selected for shape, size and color
according to the variety. Store away
carefully .without bruising, in a dry,
airy room around thirty—ﬁve to forty-
ﬁve degrees temperature. Clay soil or
strong sandy loam will produce seed
with a higher germination than light
soil. Bulbs are planted six inches apart
in rows three feet apart. A furrow is
opened upand bulbs planted in furrow.
Later in the season the furrow is ﬁlled
in and dirt drawn. up to support the
seed stalk. In August the Seed balls
are ready for harvest. Several cut-
tings of these yellow seed balls are
necessary.‘ The seed balls with a few
inches of the stem attached are spread
out on wire netting to dry and then
beaten with a stick, the seed falling
through.

The majority of the cabbage seed in
the United States is grown on Long
Island or Puget Sound, but some good
crops have been obtained in Michigan.
Cabbage seed' may be produced in
three ways. First, from the stump;
second, from fully developed heads;
third, from partially developed heads.

The last two methods may give good

results in the home garden. Pull up
the entire\plant, remove outer leaves

and store in an airy place having a

  
we... 1......" "1.11.1111? a...» threat... . *

forty degrees. If outside pitting is nec-
essary, open up a wide trench by plpw~
ing both ways. The main essentials of
successful outside pitting is thorough
drainage and prevention of alternate
freezing and thawing. Where possible
the trench should be in sandy soil and
outside drainage provided by a small
furrow around the pit. The plants are
packed in the pit separately, three or
four plants in width, roots down, cov—
ering roots and tops slightly with dirt
covering heavier as the cold weather
approaches. In April the plants are
set out in furrows four feet apart for
early and ﬁve feet apart for late varie-
ties and about two feet between plants.
The heads should be slit or leaves pull‘
ed apart to allow the seed stalk to
push through, but care taken not to
injure the bud. Seed stalk is cut when
pods turn yellow as the seed shatters
easily.

Production of Celery Seed.

Celery seed has been produced in
this state in only small amounts as it
is much inclined to blast if summer is
atlall dry and hot. The celery may be
wintered in cellar, outside in rows or
outside in trenches. If wintered in the
row, dirt is brought up around the
roots about four inches and as cold
weather approaches straw one foot
deep is put over row and held in place
by long boards slanted and lapped to
shed rain. If winter is severe, the
boards can be covered with slrawy ma-
nure on the outside. The celery tops
will freeze and rot some but if the
heart has not rotted a seed stalk will
be sent up and ripen seed early in
summer.

It is a. common practice for garden-
ers to save their own tomato seed.
Select the tomatoes from the vines
having the largest per centage of good
fruits. Squeeze the seeds and pulp
into a wooden or galvanized pail and
allow pulp to ferment in sun for a few
days. Seed will then readily separate
from its gelatinous coat and go to the
bottom. Wash the seed clean, spread
it out then to dry.

The home saving of squash ,cucum-
ber and melon seed is very simple.
Sweet corn can be harvested and stor-
ed the same as ﬁeld corn.

 
.PRUNE TO MAKE ORCHARD PROF-
ITABLE.

 
Farmers who wish to put their or-
chards in shape for proﬁtable produc-
tion should begin pruning, whenever
the wood is not frozen, in mid-winter.
Trees in heavy bearing condition will
make stronger growth if pruning is
done during the late winter and early
spring. Pruning during June and July
will slightly check the rank growth on
trees that are making loo much wood
growth and tend to throw them into
bearing for the following year.

Remove all dead or badly diseased
limbs. Clean out all canker wounds
on the trunk and main limbs with a
tree scraper. 'Cut well into the rim of
healthy wood on all sides of the wound
to get rid of the disease. Then paint'
the wound with common white lead
and oil paint, to each quart of which
has been added one teaspoonful of-
.bichloride of mercury dissolved in. fur
pentine (about one ounce). Paint all
canker and pruning wounds. as soon as
made.

Cut hack the strong, upward growing
central limbs to outward growing side
branches. This induces the, tree to
spread laterally instead of growing too
high. It admits light through the cen-
ter to fruiting branches below- If the
limbs cross each other or crowd badly,
thin them‘out enough to admit ﬁltered:
sunlightto all parts of the tree.

In pruning cut limbs close, so as to '
leave no stub or knot,. A protruding
knot will not heal. A wound cut close
will allow :the growmg layer to close
ever the wound

 
prepare for entertaining the Na-

tional Dairy Show. She answer-
ed by appropriating $200,000 for the
erection 'of a great coliseum on the
Ohio State Fair grounds for the hous-
ing of the great dairy exhibition.
Largely as the result of the ideal facil~
ities provided the dairymen were able
to stage a show far supeiior to any
ever attempted in this country. Ex-
hibitors and spectators were unani-
mous in calling the show the greatest
that it had ever been their privilege
to see.

Of the items that characterized the
average dairy equipment on the farms
of the country a half century ago, only
the dairy cow remains, and she has
been much changed to meet the de-
mands of the present decade. The won-
derful collection of modern equipment
Which has been perfected to aid the
cow in her efforts to surpass her pre-
decessors in the production of food
that is indispensible to the human
race, was here displayed in its every
detail. This equipment ranged from
the numerous labor-saving devices in
a thoroughly equipped barn to the mas-
sive machinery necessary to prepare
dairy products for the consumer.

In viewing these devices and ma-
chinery the visitor was impressed with
the magnitude of the business that de-
pends upon the continuation of the

I AST spring Ohio was called upon to

dairy industry. Commercial feeds,
stanchions, partitions, mangers, water
fountains, feed“ and litter carriers,

milking machines, tinware, glassware,
cork and concrete ﬂoors, salt, cleans-
ing compounds and the thousand and
one kinds of machinery necessary to
prepare and convey milk and its deriv-
atives to the consumer, all are part of
the great dairy business and all exist
largely because of the important place
milk occupies in the human diet.

But the 1917 National Dairy Show
did not conﬁne its exhibits to those
items having direct relation to the
dairy business, for there one found fer-
tilizers, lime spreaders, seed corn, im-
proved feeds, tractors, ensilage cutters
and an untold number of labor-saving
devices to win his attention" and admir-
ation.

Interspersed with these thousands of
commercial exhibits were many educa-
tional displays. The Ohio.State Uni-
versity demonstrated with charts the
economy in producing and caring for
corn in such manner as to increase the
proportion of the higher grades. Over
this display were the sug gstive w Olds,
"Grow More Corn and Less Water.”

There was a ﬁne rural engineering
exhibit. Models of a sunlight hog
house, plank-truss barn, plank-frame
implement shed, balloon-frame barn
with the necessary blueprints were
open for the inspection and study of
patrons. A hydraulic ram in operation
demonstrated the great economy of
such a system of water supply for the
farm home. where a water head is avail—
able. An inexpensive hot. water plant
won the envy of many a housewife.

The value of sour milk in the feed-
ing of poultry was brought out in an
educational demonstration of crate
feeding where the following ration was
used: Corn meal, 40 lbs.; wheat'mid-
dlings, 40 lbs.;' ﬁnely ground meat
scrap, 5 lbs.; enough sour milk or but-
termilk to make a thin batter. Dressed
samples of fowls fed with this ration
and in the ordinary manner were
shown to impress the advantage of the
use of the sour milk, while over the
booth was the claim that “a milk-fed
fowl is like a corn-fed steer—tender
andjuicy,” and also the sign, “One of
the most’valuable foods for the young
.chicks is sour milk. It will do more
to prevent white diarrhea than any

. amount of drugs.”

 
There was also a. striking demon-
' " the value of milk in pig

 
. dairy

 
"Thea... Dairy Show

feeding. A pair was shown fed by Don-
avirr Carson, of Union county, on corn,
salvage wheat, middlings and tankage
for seventy-ﬁve days. The. average
daily gain was 1.37 pounds, at a cost
of ten cents per pound. A pair fed by
Newman Roseberry, Madison county,
for ninety-ﬁve days, on corn, oats, mid-
dlings, oil meal and skim-milk, gained
1.7 pounds per day at a cost of 7.62
cents per pound. In this instance the
difference in favor of the milk—fed pigs
was 0.33 pounds per day of gain and
2.38 cents cost per pound.

A11 exhibit of interest in demonstra-
ting the great value of butter-fat in in-
fant feeding was one illustrating the
disastrous effect of feeding young rod-
ents skim-milk, as compared with the
excellent growth made by those fed
with a normal per cent of butter-fat.
The same results are obtained in baby
feeding, and indicate that the growth-
making prOperties of the butter—fat
must not be denied the children.

Pennsylvania State College had a
small model of the famous respiration
calorimeter, with which Dr. Armsgy
conducted experiments and worked out
nutrition facts that have attracted
world—wide attention.
a very valuable collection of charts on
different phases of dairying. Pennsyl-
vania has thirty-seven cow-testing as—
sociations.

The Ohio Experiment Station had a
compact booth with a collection of
dairy facts sufﬁcient to furnish a ﬁrst-
class course in dairy breeding. Some
years ago the station herd was found
to be badly diseased, and all reactors
were slaughtered. The present herd is
the progeny of eight cows that re—
mained after the cleanup. They have
been tested annually and no females
are bought or introduced into the herd.
All males are given a thorough test
before introduced. Grading up was
demonstrated by a series of pictures.
One red roan, for instance, with a rec-
ord of 6,908 pounds of milk and 287
pounds of butter-fat, was bred to a
Holstein-Friesian bull. Her heifer calf
gave 8,164 pounds of milk and 306
pounds of butter-fat. This heifer was
a blue or dark roan color. Her off-
spring, by a. Holstein-Friesian bull, was
a clear black and white and gave 10,683
pounds of milk and 390 pounds of but-
ter-fat. There were several families
recorded which showed the same re-
sults of breeding up through the use of
thoroughbred sires.

A comparison of clover and alfalfa
hay was shown. The feeding value of
the two products were about equal, but
alfalfa has a better effect on the ani-
mal by causing a more efﬁcient con-
sumption of other feeds. It also fur-
nishes a larger tonnage per acre.

A study of present feed costs as
compared with normal costs, showed
that in the case of a Jersey, giving
(5,884 pounds of milk and 386 pounds of
fat, the proﬁt, with average feed costs
and with milk at $2 per cwt. was
$40.70; 011 the basis of twenty-seven
cents for butter it was $21.52. At pres—
ent feed prices and with milk at $3 per
cwt. the proﬁt was $25.74; while on the
basis of forty cents for butter-fat it
was but $1.76

The Illinois exhibit coutained many
interesting and instructive views, also
some good practical dairymen’s out-
ﬁts. The veterinary set consisted of
trocar and canula, milk fever outﬁt,
irii gator, slippeis, syringe, epsom salts,
alum water, tincture of iodine, powder-
ed ginger, gum camphor and saltpeter.
There were also outﬁts for keeping
records, tags, punches, record
sheets, etc.

One of the most interesting exhibits
011 the grounds was in the central por-
tion of the cattle barn. Peter Small,
of, Geauga county, one of the best
breeders in the central west, had a
.line of his best cows. In one, stall
there was the hide of a bull, draped

There was also

 
“Ball-Band” Rubber Footwear
Makes the Sloppiest Ground as
Dry to Your feet as a Carpet

Did you ever think that good rubber foot-
wear, dry and comfortable, makes the earth
as dry as a hearth-rug to your feet?

Buy good rubber footwear in the ﬁrst place
and it is a real economy. Get “Ball Band”—

boots, arctics,

rubbers, or Coon Tail Knit:

Boots. “Ball Band” Footwear' IS vacuum cured
into one solid p: ece. Look for the Red

Ball Trade Mark and get the genuine.

Over 55, 000 dealers sell “Ball -Band.”

Nine and one half million people wear

it. “Ball Band” stores are easy to locate.

If you want to see pictures of
our manydilfercnt kindsof Winter
footwear write forfree illustrated
booklet, ‘More Days Wear."

MlSllAVlAKA WUOLEN MFG. MIMI"
319 Water Street. Historian, Indiana

“The House That Par/e Million.
for Quality

 
to do more work with
less power than any
hunter 0: equal size. .

 
0

Serve the Nation

to getting the moat teed value out of your corn
uskin ears and making fodder of the rest.
gives25 r
saving labor of hand husking. Appleto n, the
ﬁrst successful husker, has 45 years’ farm ma-
chinery knowledge built into it. Simplest.
strongest, mechanically perfect—husks clean-
est, shells least; has most efficient corn saver.
Outs or shreds stalks etc.. while basking earn.

/ Easiestmnleetto run. works com
glitz? tor4h. p. engines and up."

  
omorefeed value 0111 the crop. besides

 
in "0me condition.

Appletonﬂfg.Co.. 520 FmShBat-gcalll‘.‘

  
SAVE IT this Winter by heating the water
for your stock with Coal, ‘Wood or Cobs in a

COW BOY TANK HEATER

Quickest to heat: strongest draft; adjustable grates;
ashes removed without disturbing ﬁre; keeps ﬁre 24 hrs.,

ADJUSTABLE
FIR E BO

ays for itself in 2 months with 4

‘bggrutreym salﬂi sows; Sou-Sinking: can be used' in
Woo ee 0
practical, efﬁcient and durable Tank Heater manufactured.

Concrete Tanks of any size. Most reliable,

 
“ ‘Purchued 8 of our Tank Heaters hater Winter work (1 and f -
tarily and are woﬁ e very . u’

in H. ‘
Professor of Animal Husbandry. Iowa State College, Amen, [DWI , -

worth their cost. Slimcjxman sh nu ld ueeon

 
II“ I Honor only. Write at once to:- illustrated circulm and dealer’s um.
'I'III WILLS MFG. CO.

56 Seventh St.

 
Full weight—h ghest quality. APOLLO ROOFING is

best for Farm

These Rooﬁng and Siding Products are supplied in all standard
igzttema’rhe from our APO o-Kn STONE Copper Steel Ga vaulted

uilding construction of all classes.

added Keysg'one in iontesthatOo per Store is ,

 
sheet:- also give unequaled service for an Si 03, -

l exposed sheet. metal work. APOLLO rod

 
man a. octane
“flit by lendin 15 dealers. Accept. no substitute. Ownoﬁ'

.dings ehou have our “Better Buildings" booklet

 
"my ISM“—
most-11mm" 1.. deﬂa‘é‘g

mm%'+ugﬁ doiwgswﬁ’

Immediate 023?.“

 
lEARN AUCTIONEERING 3383333335223,

Ind become independent with no capital invested.

feign tbhanogi off the tbiluuneso taught in 5 weeks.
rte 0 av or reeoanoc

J'ONES NA T’L SCHOOL ROI AUCTIONEIRING.‘

8N. Sacramento H. vd. (hicuo. lll Cinyl. Jones Prue.

 
When writing to advertisers please mention.

The Michigan Farmer.

 
THEMIC are A

 
The Higher the Price I
of Batter

the Greater Your Loss II

‘ Without the
Best Cream Separator .
BUTTEReek PM "6 coins higher

every week

‘ out a cream arator or to continue
W the use of an in erior or half-worn-out
‘ machine another day.

I’ll, And the higher the price goes the
greater your loss.

l

I . l
“‘3 Even at present butter prices no I
cream producer can allord to he with- l

Even if you have 0 two or three
i‘H' cows a De Laval wouldy pay for itself
in a few months. '

of the best cream separator you can
buy is Just so much more urgent.

I A De Laval Separator bought now
I will more than save its cost by spring.
. it can be bought for cash, or if pre-
; lerred, on such liberal terms that it will
I easily pay for itself in its actual savings
’ over any other separator or creaming
system.

. See the nearest De Laval agent

i ' - right away and et ow
you what the De Laval will save

for you. If you do not Irnow
the De Laval agent. write direct t
|

!
If you have a larger herd your need i
I
3
l
f
E

for any desired information.

The De Laval Separator Co.
‘ I 1' 165 Broadway 29 E. Madison St.
, NEW YORK CHICAGO

. over a pole, and on it was the signiﬁ-
, can't Sign,

 
IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllll|lllllllilllllﬂlllllllllllllllillllll

 
swings back closing valve
when animal stops drinkin.
N 0 ﬂoat tank 1-

«ignited. Bow ’
may be put at di organtheights
or in any sta taorll
overﬂow; cannot getpe out of order:
almost no water left; in bowl.

Increased milk ield quickly _

Cannot -

Most '
, unitary bowl ever sold. Prevents spread of con- '

 
. Increase Your
Milk Flow-
llse Acorn

 
scram-no con-rnoL—anu
SUPPLY AT EVERY DRINK
Write for Circular and Prices
For Sale by Dealers Everywhere

 
‘ 1 term In. use co. Detroit~cleveland

 
Keep Stock Healthier. crush ear
(with or without shucks) and Grind all
ads of small in. 10 sizes 2 to 25
.P. Conicals d grinders—dif-
orent from allot ers. ‘

   
Mbopente. Ask whyaand ‘l,;
aiuofy our engine.
ealso make Sweep Grinders.
m” A folder on Value: of
oodaland 1mm

n.n.r. moo. * '

 
‘GONE BUT NOT FORGOTTEN. ”

This bull, Augie 3d Wayne Paul De-
Kol, was sold for bologna, when a four
yearold. That was before any of his
get had been tested. Four of his tested
daughters average 25,210 pounds of
milk, and 973.3 pounds of butter-fat in
a year. The lesson in this case, as in
many others where a bull has been
slaughtered before his worth as a sire
was known, is to keep what seems to
be a good bull until some actual test of
his female get may be made. one cow
in this exhibit has a record of 26,204.1
pounds of milk and 1,030.2 pounds of
fa. tin a year. Another gave 20,8763
pounds of milk and 802.5 pounds of fat
in ten months and dropped two living
calves within the same year.

GREAT MILK MEETING AT CHAM-
BER OF COMMERCE, DETROIT.

 
November 5, at 10:30 A. M.

Attention, Milk Producers of the De-
troit Area. A great Milk Meeting
ahead of you.

The greatest contest yet lies just
ahead of you. Never was there so
much need of making our organization
solid as now. We must close up the
ranks. Thousands of dollars of your

money and thousands of hours of your
time depend upon the action you take
It seems necessary

now. to provide

 
other business interests. We owe a
debt of gratitude to these men. Let
us now do as other business men do
and adVertise our own business. If we
would just get a different vision of our
opportunity, we could multiply the con-
sumption of dairy products. The auto
mobile manufacturers put live per cent
of the total sales' of their business into
the advertising. W'hen one of their
cars sell for one thousand dollars, ﬁfty
dollars of this is takenﬂto set before
the world the knowledge of the value
of the machines. This is put into the
advertising fund to sell a thing that
most people do not need.

The Detroit milk distributors have
just made a fund of $13,000 to adver-
tise milk in Detroit; to sell your pro-
duct. What are you putting in to ac-
quaint people with a knowledge of the
value of this most vital food product?
We should have a more energetic cam-
paign than ever to begin now. We
should get into the press of the city
with our advertising. Every dollar used
in advertising will bring back a bun-
dred-fold in increased price and de-
mand. We believe that the milk pro-
ducers should pay for the support of
their state organization at least one-
half cent per hundred pounds of the
milk sold. This is an insigniﬁcant
sum. At the present price of milk to
the condensar'ies this would be one-half
cent on every three dollars, or one-six-

 
cheese factories to care for the milk
now going into Detroit, provided there
cannot be a satisfactory settlement of
the price question at the end of this
year. There should be twenty of these
factories situated in strategetic points
so that. each one may be easily avail-
able. These factories can be run as
long as it seems necessary to divert
the milk from the city. One week
would solve the problem without the
waste of any milk. We must remem-
ber that we cannot waste food pro-
ducts now. Now lets get into the
game in earnest. We have only been
playing at it so far.

Some men have thought that when
they put ﬁfty cents into a codperative
proposition that they were really doing
something to count in the accomplish-
ment of a great objective. When you
only have a ﬁfty-cent vision of a bil-
lion dollar business your vision

the ear of the city press that goes to
the consuming public? Simply because
the advertising patronage to these pa-

' pers is entirely with the buyers of the

dairy product. The agricultural press

1 of the state have given thousands of
- dollars worth of space to the Michigan
. I Milk Producers.
J 2 space to you that would have thought

They have given this

 
is _
mightily limited. Why can we not get.

The Installation of Permanent Lights in the Dairy Barn Resulted in the Saw-
ing of Much Time in Caring for the Cows. _

hundreth of your milk price. For oy—
ery one dollar that you put. into this.
your campaign, the automobile manu-
facturers would put in thirty dollars.
They get rich in their business, while
the milk production business, on a
commercial basis, is and has always
been a failure. You can change it if
you will and you will be beneﬁted all
the time from start: to ﬁnish. It is up
to you. What will you do? Don’t con-
demn the distributors or the consum-

ers for what you can change your-
selves.
It is estimated by men of broad

ﬁnancial vision that the work and in—
ﬂuence of the Michigan Milk Produc-
ers’ Association has increased the in-
come of the milk producers of Michi-
gan more than twoymillion dollars a
year. Just recently we found a place
Where they had no organization; where
they knew nothing about the effort
that was being made to help them;
where they were selling milk for $1.25
per hundred pounds.

You have done well for one year,
now let’s get into the gamefora more
determined effort along the line. Your
association stands to assist in all pos-
sible ways. Let’s still wave before the
world our’banner with our slogan: '

' Education. Legislation. Cooperation.

them this much money, advertiSing’ for '-

Our policyi
structive.

Our Aim. A price for our product
that equals the cost of production.

We expect some of the best think-
ers of Michigan at the Detroit Area
meeting. At» Chamber of Commerce,
city of Detroit, November 5. Be sure
to be there.

Commandos for your assistance.

R. C. REED,
Field Secretary, Howell, Mich.

”connective not ne-

DOES THE SlLO ROOF PAY?

 
Most farmers look upon the silo roof
as a. piece of unnecessary expense—7‘
all right from the standpoint of appear- ‘
ance, but a luxury pure and simple. Oi‘
late years some data has been collect-
ed bearing on this point that seems to
indicate a more economic reason for
the silo roof.

Some years ago the writer signed a
contract with a condensary company
in common with other milk producers
in the Vicinity of Tillsonburg, Ontario.
Among the other ironclad regulations
a new one was observed to have crept
in. The company, who was not over-
friendly to the feeding of silage, were
determined that if the farmers insisted
on feeding canned cornstalks, they
would see that the quality was kept up
to the maximum. Consequently when
the new contract with the farmers for
fall and winter milk was ready for
signing they had inserted the new re-
quirements that all silos of patrons
must be roofed.

At ﬁrst this was scoffed at as a sort
of Kaiserism. Soon, however, the more
thoughtful farmers began to reason
the thing out for themselves, experi-
ment and collect data on the point.
Frozen silage is well known to be more
or less inferior in feeding value. The
roof very materially decreases this
loss from freezing, while in summer it
acts as a. protection against the ex-
treme heat of the sun, which has a
tendency to cause considerable loss
between feedings. Not less important
is the fact that it has a bracing effect
against undue wind strain and vibra~
tion. The great disadvantage of the
stave silo as usually constructed is its
liability to blow down. The best build-
ers say that properly constructed so
they will not blow in, there is no dan-
ger of them blowing down. As com-
pared with unroofed silos, but few with
roofs, are seriously damaged by winds.
This alone is sufﬁcient reason for the
additional expense. Add to this the
fact that the silo is protected from the
decaying effect of weather, as well as
its contents, and a roof investment

takes on a different aspect to the av-
tinge farmer

Ontaiio. J. ll Mr K1:.\'\'1:\'.
MILK PRICES MUST “E AD-

VANCED.

in order to secure reliable data upon
the milk production industry in Illinois,
Food Administrator Hoover appointed
Prof. F. A. Pearson of the University
of Illinois, to make a suryey of the
conditions governing milk prices in
that state. Prof. Pearson has com-
pleted this work and made his report.
He states that the wholesale price es-
tablished by the Milk Producers’ As-
sociation is insufﬁcient to return to the
farmers any proﬁts for the remainder
of the year. The price for October milk
which is $3.45 per cwt., is one cent
lower than it should be to cover the
cost of production. He states that the
price for November and December
should be $3.71 and $3.77 respectively
in order to give the producer enough to
make his efforts in the dairy business
worth as much as similar efforts along
other lines of agricultural endeavor.

Vast quantities of German owned

supplies that were purchased before

the war and secretly stored in this
country, have been ordered seized by
the United States governﬂent.

   
cenN’ 6R MANeELs FOR: SI'LAGE.

The comparative value of corn and
mangels will be considered by farmers
this year as never before. The short-
age of corn and the high cost of feed
makes it essential that the farmer
utilize every possible food crop, and
conserve all valuable roughage. For-
tunately, studies have been made at
the various experiment stations, not
only on the relative yields and the
cost of producing each, but also con-
cerning the relative feeding value of
the dry matter in corn silage, mangels,
and grain.

At the New York Experiment Sta-
, tion it was found that the relative feed-
ing value of these materials were as
follows: ~

One pound of dry matter in mangels
is a little more than equal to one pound
of dry matter in silage; one pound of
dry matter in mangels is equal to one
pound of dry matter in grain, and man-
gels may replace one-hat the ordinary

grain ration with mixed hay and silage.

From these facts it would seem that
the dry matter in mangels is fully
equal to that in good silage.
on the point of yield and economy of
production of dry matter, there is some
difference between the two crops. Un-
der favorable conditions, mangels may
give a tremendous yield, but the labor
item with this cropvis also large. Prof.
Minns tabulated the average cost of
dry matter in price of the north corn
(ten tons), and sugar mangels (twenty
tons), for four consecutive years. The
cost of 100 pounds of dry matter in the
corn was seventy-one cents, in the
mangels $1.54. Labor is higher now
than then, making the relative costs
about the same in proportion. Butthe
cost of ,a unit of dry matter was fully
twice as much in mangels as in corn.
It may still be good economy in spite
of these facts to use a small area of
mangels for special purposes, but, even
assuming that the dry matter in man-
gels has a higher feeding value than
that in corn, there is yet a wide mar-
gin in favor of corn as the main source
of succulence.

In the beet growing section of New
York, farmers are arranging this sea-
son to conserve every top and mangel
possible, and this will aid in making
their dairy cows more proﬁtable with
a crop formerly permitted to go to
waste.

New Yerk. E. W. GAGE.

WHY MILK TESTS VARY.

 
' It is often observed that milk is poor-
er in fat in summer and becomes rich-
er again in the fall, and the farmers
have generally assumed this to be due
to the watery condition of grass as
compared with the dry feed received
during the winter. Tests have shown
that the cause of this is not grass feed-
ing but the temperature. For some
reason there is a tendency for the milk
to be richer in fat during cold weather
and to become poorer when the weath-
er becomes very warm, regardless of
the feed consumed.

A second factor of importance as in-
ﬂuencing the richness of milk is the
fatness of the cow at the time of fresh-
ening. A cow high in ﬂesh at calving
time gives very much richer milk for
some time than would be the case were
she thin.

This knowledge is now made use of
by every breeder of dairy cattle who
desires to makeythe largest possible
record for milk and butter-fat produc-
tion. Another interesting discovery is
that when a cow is underfed that tem-
porarily she gives richer milk rather
than thinner, as might be expected.
This is of great importance in connec-
tion with making tests of cows and a

failure to understand this effect has,
‘__resulted in wrong conclusions , from '
‘ ‘ true ts conducted with.

However,,

 
J ol1e

 
Age 5-11-
29221.61bs.. Milk 3.52%

 
H..F 149723 '
(City of Cleveland, Owner)

Semi-Ofﬁcial Year Test

1gisie De Kol.

1032.37 lbs. Fat

 
- one of the ingredients of Unicorn.

to make even better

 
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|I|II|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIllIlIIIIIIIII|llII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

 
Ration they will surprise yOu.

 
Royalton DeKol Violet, H. F. 86460
Age 10 Years (H. A. Mchllan. Owner)

29959.61bs. Milk 3.46% 1036.45tlbs. Fat

get it.

Cow ,Testers’ Manual.

Semi-Official Year Test

 
"IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIlIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII III|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|I||||||IIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIE

Year tests that Count

These wonderful semi—ofﬁcial records
are only a few of a large number of genuine

high production tests made under normal
conditions with UNICORN DAIRY RATION used
as the entire or largest part of the grain ration. They
are in no sense forced or freak records as shown by
the normal fat percent and the perfect health of these
cows and all herds fed on Unicorn Dairy Ration.

(made exclusively by us for years.) Conditions
‘forted us to withdraw it from the market except as
VYou will ﬁnd
Unicorn equally eﬁicient as your ration or ration base.

If you have good cows that you want

Unicorn Dairy Ration

offers you the chance, without exta cost,
in fact most likely at a considerable saving.

With an average cow we guarantee

a reduction in the feed cost of you milk.
Give them a chance - if fed right with Unicorn Dairy

Unicorn can be obtained by any
dairyman or breeder east of the Missouri

river no matter where located. Every bag
is equally uniform and good no matter where you

Write for information and FREE copy of

Chapin & Co.,M ”°"“ Chicago

  
' 7.1th

Abbie of Riverside.
Champion Guernsey of M1ch1gainI1 1
Fred Gleason,0

14201 lbs. Milk 5. 72% 813 lbs.

 
Every breeder knews Ajax Flakes I 1.2:

 
IIIIIIllIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|I|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

:1
.1}!

'1
iI

   
A. R. No. 5266
Best 2 year old in New York -
Follyland Farm Guernseys

Follyland Nancy

12270 lbs. Milk 5.81% 712.6 lbs. Fat

 
'=’.JJIIIIIIIII||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

.IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHII|IIIII|IIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|III|III|IIIIIIII|IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|lllIIllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII|||||IIIIIIIIIIIIIlIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII||IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIII IIIIIIIIl1IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 'III

:i—IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

 
0

 
DOWN and
One Year

2

For any Size—Direct from Factory

 
You can now get one of these splendid money-making. labor-

saving machines on aplan where
more before you pay.

329

. lifetime

sizes up to our b1g8001b.cepaclt

Patented

 
Aluminum Skin-
ning Device. lust
and
cm on
low- Tanl: — Oil
Ballad Dull Bear.
luv-Easy I'm
In: - I a n l l
franc-Open
ind Cream Splints,

y it will cam its own cost and
You won ’t feel the cost at all.

ills-NE? BUTTERFLY

No. 2 J union—e light running. easy cleaning. close skimming. durable,
guaranteed separator. Slums 95 quarts per hour. We also make ﬁve other
gemwbine shown here—all sold at similar low prices
and on our ll rnlterma of only 82 down and a your to pay.

30 DAYS’ FREE 'l'lIlA Tllfs'llile" .

You can have 30 days FREE trial and see for yourself
how ehslly one of these splendid machines will earn ‘

Ono-Piece

ally

refund your 02 deposit and pay the freight charges
both ways. You won’t be out one penny. You can:
no risk. Postal brings Free Catalog Folder and direct
from factory offer. Buy from the manufacturers
and save money. Write TODAY.

till

DADDll-DDNEII COMPANY. 2185ﬂmhallDIvd» Chicago, Ill.

Also Hanuﬂoturers ofAlbauthDooer‘ ‘Square Turn” Farm Motors

 
COTTON SEED MEAL

ESTABLISHEDT 1875

F. W. BRODE & CO.

We are pioneers in this business. COTTON SEED MEAL is our specialty, and
has been for over 40 years.
supply you at all times. We select the quality shipped under our Brands and
keep them up to a high standard.

LONE STAR DNA“
43% Protein

 
When you consider purchasing

   
hink of Us--Come to Headquarters.
INCORPORATED 1915

MEMPHIS, TENN.

BRANCH OFFICE, DALLAS, TEXAS

We devote to it our entire time. We can

DWL BRAND DDVE DDAND JAY DBAND FDX DIIAND FEED NEAL
. 41% Protein 38%% Protein 36% Protein 20% Protein
QUR BRAND ON THE TIOMEANB QUALITY IN THE BIG

 
i mention The Midlim. Fm. I

SELF- OILIN
WlQh INC LEOS
Keeping OUT DUST: am

SPLASH OILING
SYSTEM

WINODMILL
o MOT

RAIN - Keeping IN OIL

  
Constamlyfloodlng
ainEvery Bearing With

The lightest Breeze

/0|L9UPPLY
Andeeutchw '

I
REPLENISHED

ONLY ONCE A YEAR .
DOUBLE GEARS - ach \Curylng Half the Load

Every feature desirable in a windmill in the

AUTO’ OILED AERMOTOR
Gasoline Engines — Pumps -—Tanks

Water Supply Goods -Steel Frame Saws

anAERMOTOR CO. 2500 12m 51- Cmuao

acorns I11 IOHOURS

 
IV ONE MAN with the FOLDING SAWINO MACHINE. I.

saws down trees. Folds like a pocket knife. Saws any kind ol
timber on any kind of ground. One man can saw more timbel‘
with it than two men in any other way. and do it cooler. Semi
(or FREE illustrated catalog l\’o.A 44, showing Low Pole.
and latest improvements. First order gets agency.

folding Suing llachlno 1:11.. 161 West 111m St. chime. II.

‘5 Quaker City Feed Mills

Grind corn and cobs. feed.
1 table meal and all alfa,
0n the market 50 years.
Hand and power. 23
styles. I‘4. 80 to $40 FREE
TRIAL Write for catalog.
' THE A. W. emu: co
onto-372141 ﬁlm sumtlm'a.
Dealers —- Write for contract.

 
B U V Prices have hit bottom.
Book for fall shipment.

Cotton Seed Meal
Ask for car lot prices. "ow

Low E33 ﬂees—Salvage Grnlns—Mill feed.
ARTLETT (30.. Ml II M. Jncklon.ﬂ Mich.
We want 80111! no

loluv BABLEY Samplu‘

rouse-1111111101.?" seen co.. owong. 1111911.
we WANT VE'rcI-I. 3113.3

YOUNG-RANDOLPH SEED (20.. 010.00.“

When writing. to advertiser! glean I.

 
‘ mates—apt" mzfvu‘rmmnw ;;m..<.;ug..x<¢mm.ew 4- ..-..v. :.f.. . _ .. ‘ _
’3 ., . ' .‘ . .< '\V..‘. 1,‘_,“4‘»'_ timer“. :4..- 44;.W slum?
. . ._ . ~3 ’ w , v .~ _ w.“ .. ~m_,§

 
Make ”sure that your feet are “U. S. protected’lagainst
the assault of wet and cold. Keep them‘warm and dry,
comfortable and healthy in all kinds of weather by wearing

U. S. RubberFOotwear

There is a specially designed shoe for every outdoor worker—farmer or fisher-
man, miner or lumberman, sto‘ckman or dairyman.

This heavy service, double duty line offers a style purposely adapted for every
kind of outdoor work. Reinforced where the wear is greatest. Built to baffle
biting cold, rain and snow. i

The “U. S. Seal” is the trade markof the largest rubber manufacturer in the.

world. It is on every pair of this rubber footwear. It is your protection. ' It stands
for comfort, long wear and economy. Look for the U. S. Seal and always ask for it.

For sale everywﬂere. Your dealer ﬂay Me style of U -. S.
Ruéoer Footwear to meet your needs or can get it for you.

United States Rubber Company
' _ New York ’

   
To the Outdoor Workers .of America

    
2...: ‘u .

 
Aug. .1“

 
Aha-IA. «IMF—.4. __~1‘1,LA ‘

 
LITERATURE
POETRY ,

HISTORY an?

INFORMATION

 
‘I7Ie FARM BOY
an? GIRL
SCIENTIFIC an?
MECHANICAL

“3"

   
this Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week.

‘-

Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere

 
diers on leave from the front

say, “I would rather have our
bread at the front than your bread
here in Paris.” . The same thing was
true of coffee. Soldiers would say,
“What do-you call this stuff? We get
real coffee at the front.”

At the rear the civilians drank a.
compound from chicory, for the coffee
supply was short, while the real coffee
was reserved for the army. In like
manner, the soldiers get a purer wheat
ﬂour than do the civilians. The wheat
supply being so much curtailed, two
measures have been necessary to try
to increase the amount of ﬂour.

A law has been passed requiring the

HOW many times I have heard sols

lllllIIHlllllllllllllllllhﬂﬂlllllll|l”I!llllllllllllllllHilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHllllllllllIIIIlllHillllllllllllllllIIllllIll“lllIII"HilllIIllIlllillllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllHlllillllllllllillIllIllllllHillill]Iillll!|llll|llllllllﬂllllllllllllilllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllIll]||llllll||Ill|I[llIllH1||||llllllllllllIllllIll!IiHilllllllllllll||ll|lllllIIlllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lll|IlllIIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllill

French Conserve Food Supply

ARTICLE 11.
By FRED B. PITNEY

mixture of thirty per cent of other
grains with wheat in making ﬂour,
while another law raised the percent-
age of extraction permitted in the man-
ufacture of ﬂour. Before the war this
percentage was seventy, it has been
raised successively to seventy-four,
seventy-seven, eighty and eighty-ﬁve.
Seventy-seven is the extreme limit of
nutritive extraction. After that the
ﬂour becomes permeated with particles
indigestible for human beings.

The result of mixing grains and high
extraction has been a ﬂour that is of-
ten not only unpalatable but indigesti-
ble and it has caused not a little sick~
ness, particularly gastric troubles
among the children. Adults frequently
throw away the soft inside of the
bread and eat only the hard baked
crust. Very often I have found this
“war bread” an unpleasant dark brown
in color with a soggy, glutinous inside.

It is no one’s fault. It is the best

that can be done under the circum-
stances.

Shortage of All Cereals in France.

Another problem enters with the au-
thorization to mix other grains with
wheat in making ﬂour. It is the short—
age of the other grains. For it is not
only wheat that is short in France but
all cereals. We can have recourse
once more to the ofﬁcial ﬁgures.

The annual consumption of barley in
France before the war equalled approx-
imately 1,250,000 tons, of which about
ﬁfteen per cent was imported. The
production has fallen off to such an ex-
tent that nearly one—third of the barley
had to be imported last. year. This
year, owing to special reasons, the pro-
mlmlilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllmm

  
WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES

 
Italians Meet Great Obstacles in Get-
ting Big Guns on Mountain Heights
to Sweep Austrians from the Plains
Below.

 
A French Soldier’s Equipment—Rifle,
Grenade throwing Gun Pistol, Pow-
der, Grenades, Bag of Sand, Pick- -axe,
Alarm- bell, Rocket, Periscope, Etc.

 
What One German Bomb Did to a London Residence in a Recent Air Raid.
Copyright bv Underwood t. Underwood. new York

  
Center

   
turns no
“go 01y: c_e lone brazing. welding an
ﬂirting. 1 mg and

Studebaker “6” 1917
Had
Cole “,8" 1917

Santa} Open All the

Your.

the aeroplane material.

preference.

the Big Men in the near future.

ics will always be in big demand.

 
positionas chauffeur. re-
pairmon.testerhcmonstra-
tor. auto electrician. gur~
ngn manner automobile deal-
l'l'. plying from $75 to $300
monthly :or refund your
money. We have constant-
ly more requests for Mich-
inn smu- Amo School
(inductees than we can
supply.

 
'l'ho Aeroplane business is in its infancy.

Come to hem

The Automobile

G. M. C. Truck 1917 Saxon “6” 1917
son Super-6 1917 King “8” 1917

Buick Light 6 1917
Detroit Electric 1917 Chalmers‘c-ao'ubu Challners “4" 1917
W illys-Knight 1917
Graduate in Iota 1:?
Three Classes Daily:

 
A course in Aeroplane Motor Mechanics is now being taught at the Michigan State Auto School.
We have secured (lurtiss Aeronautical Motors for practice and study purposes. We have also _
arranged with the (Iurtiss Aeroplane Company for a complete Aeroplane and a great quantity of
Students will be given practical instruction on the Aeroplane motor and
w-illsecure complete knowledge of the plane in general.

Thousands of Aeroplane Motor Mechanics Needed

The course is under direct Hupervision of n. Ourtiss expert who ism: authoritylon new-motors um] zero-
planes as well as hydms and flying boats. Weeks have been spent in perfecting t
separate from our Automobile. course. Our plans orevoomple .

Aeroplanes will win the war. Tllhey are the eyes oftthe army. They muotibo in perfect-naming condition. . .
’l'housands of keen. wcll~t rained men are needed by the Government to enreiior the aeroplanes and aero- 1
plane motors. Men are needed in thowroplune factories. '

Get Into This New Industry Now ~

The men who become trained Aeroplane Motor Mechanics now will be big man in the aeroplane business.
only it short time ago the automobile business was starting, the men who not. in then are now the Big Men.
' The war will give it a big start. The men who train now will be
The work is extremely interesting and will grow in interest as the bus-
inesa dovelops. Aeroplanes :md Semilanes will be used for every purpose. Trained Acre-motor mechan-
Don't hesitate: get into this new industrynow.
fellow-5 who enter at once will reap the big beneﬁts.

' Automobile factories Endorse Our School
The Leading Automobile forte! ies in Detroit. on well as
i 11 other cities. endorse our-school. They are putting their
latest model, complete chusses in our school for students
ploying our graduates in their
one and assisting them in open-
ing garages and salesronms.

Act Quickly -- NOW!
Fill in the coupons: get literature on aeroplane motor mechanics.
“Ame School News" and New l28—Puge Illustrated Catalog. A“ lb-
sollnaly 4m. Or better still. jump on the train. as hundreds have
done. uud comeytothe "Heart 0! the Automobile lndustry."nnd loom
right. We have no branch". Write or come direct to this school.

MICHIGAN STATE AUTO SCHOOL
THE OLDRE’LIABLE SCHOOL. A.G. ZELLER, President
1011 AutoBldg., 68789-91 Woodward Ave. . Deh~oit.Micli., (is. A.

Money Back

Guarantee
We gnnmntced to qualify L0 “'01): on. They are em
you in a short time for in factories and service stoti

Sch Iwhat it mcmm'loam in the Michigan sum Am
00 .
graduates IDI' oﬁer them territory. Non are
where as testers, repairman, ohauﬁeurs, gamma. Hundreds l
of our graduates start in business for themselves.
44 auto factories in Detroit and 140
experience in handling all kinds of electrxca‘l mitocqnipmen‘t. Just installed a
smgue Electric Dynamomcter for block testing purposes for students‘ use.

Detroit ls Place

We teach you to handle any auto p
‘ t torytroining in assembling bl _
_ cutting, separate
ignition systems in ,opemt on. Six

toad instruction. We have the following completely equipped

, to

roposition.
oo -

  
preference and jobs quickly. Think
Factories endorse our School. glad temploymr
m— '1

parts factories. Students get achﬂ -

Learn—Start Any

Students octually build cars from start to ﬁnish,

road testing. everything. Special complete course ‘
om regular course. All leading types of
ﬁnds - zier, emit cylinder Kinsmen!“ l

r
clemen—

Winton “s" 1917 l
Packard Twin-6 1917
Detroiter “6” 1917
Overland 191?

Mm: “4”‘1917
Weeks. Enter Classes Any Time, Any Day.
.Morm‘ng, Afternoon. Evening.

Maxwell 1917
Oldsmobile “8” 1917

is course which is entirely

 
nernorr. ..
mumiwmuum

 
, I HIoA N
EARN "a: $0.22???“

Detroit trained men getw

   
Time"

Trained Acre-motor mechanics will get the l i

The farsighted. kecn- -.

 
“w“wwsmmwwww , .. .

 
retu rn O.

 
map Your FUBS To

"‘SHUBERT”

.139 large“ m
Fur House with an unblemished reputation existing forumore
than a third of a century," a long successful record of sending
Fur Shippers prompt SATISFACTORY AND PROFITA‘BLE
Write for "it
accurate market report and price list of its kind published.
Write for It—NOW—zlt’c FREE

A. B. SHUBERT, Inc.

Riﬂes, Traps, Etc.
Write For Our Plan

Find out about our premium plan and how
it gets you top cash prices for your furs. and
also gives you thee. riﬂes. shot guns. traps
and other things you want.

Don't be tempted to send your furs else
where. N o deductions—no commissions. We
can make this year the biggest year you have
ever had. Write for our Fur Club N ews.
Premium List and List of Prices. and let us

 
tell you how we guarantee you a. square sort

with top cash prices.
A” mailed to you FREE. Write TO-DAY.

S. SILBERMAN 8: SONS, Department £09, "Cl'llirCAGO, ILL.

Established 1866. Lat-gut For and Wool 4 can In

     
in ﬁe World dealing exclusively In
“Wardlablo—responaible—mfc ‘

ﬁlm!!!“ Quinta." the only reliable.

26-27 WEST AUSTIN AVE.
Dept. 141‘ CHICAGO,U.S.A.

 
U 115 . Write

e5 or
W.2S‘-‘-“S‘!’ N.Y.' ORMERLY

7'5 Av

 
SKUNK'SL

 
and all other furs will
hopped from 1890 to 1899
business, and

 
be high this season. I
k n. ”lwﬁi‘é‘i'll “'3?“ 1"
. now 0 . a 123 a r
he to contend: with. Why notch-1p your $36"
ﬂier-om to a man that undoutandstho thin-1L

Gauguin-bier tux-3‘ ship-
miuhaom‘ M".
We “use no m

 
mos manplinemrbeﬂnl Imam. ‘
lgmtiwtmandlmyoutohwemyrﬁm ‘
moo but when the museums. Midterm- know.
4 J1 *. P. ELLIS. EXPORTEB- i
Suﬁ M11133... 31in N. Y.
mmmwrw. W
tole placed in 1: 9 mm;
burrow. Em “hard-rm ,
ras't'hm. Want. hr back] ‘ 2,,
Agents War-tail.
IFS. ca. .1
81% I. ”In. W ﬂip :

 
- ' ' ‘ 'Writlng to Advertiser.

   
Fun-m;

  
' W-yHII-h-odymr
‘ MqihhyﬂvaMuwﬁﬁl-m ‘
("‘0 VI Dunc-Jun WY -

   
,duction will be slightly higher, but
there Will still he a deﬁcit liar above
the normal. Furthermore, barley must
be used very largely to supplement and
, replace wheat. '

With rye the normal consumption
was about the same as for barley, with
‘ imports of about eight per cent of the
requirements. In 1915 the production
was about 400,000 tons under the nor-
mal consumption and in 1916 it was
about 350,000 tons under the consump-
tion, while in both of those years there
were practically no imports. Thus
there was less rye than was needed
and rye could only help out wheat by
reducing still further the amount giv-
en to its normal uses.

The annual consumption of corn av-
eraged 1,150,000 tons, about one-half
being imported. The proportion of im-
ports in 1916 had risen to two-thirds.

  
. Leayord and I were the last, and we
left the dinghy swamped behind us,
dang-ling and crushed against the steel
side of the schooner, upheld only by
the strength of the rope. It was all the
work of a feverish minute, in which
thought was impossible because of the
stress of action. But now, as I clung
breathless to those lower mizzen rat-
lines, the seven of us jammed upon
the little platform, the green surge of
water below sloshing against the wreck
we. had just left, the strange silence of
this vessel which we had board-ed

‘ r struck me with full force.

“This is a rum go, sir,” ventured
Leay'ord soberly. “Ain’t she got no
crew?”

“I don’t know what to make of it,”
I confessed, “but we’ll soon ﬁnd out.
Help the lady, Leayord. Olson, come
with me.”
We footed the ropes, and swung up
to the rail, clinging there long enough

i to gain swift. view of the deck beyond.
-It was as clean
, yacht, and had the appearance of one,
'with brasswonk glistening, and paint
7‘ fresh and bright.
‘ coiled in place, the sail gaskets ﬁrmly

as a millionaires

Every rope seem ed

tied, the planks spotless, the canvas as
white as though just out of the sail-
loft. My eyes surveyed the whole fore
and aft—the low foreca'stle, the cook’s
galley, with door standing wide open,
revehling a ﬁreless stove, the boats in
Chocks, not one missing, the after cab-
in on the deck level, its companion
door ajar, the wheel astern, outlined
against the sky, swinging lightly to a
lashing of rope—and nowhere a, human
being. I could scarcely believe the evi-
dence of my own eyes.

“Great scott, Olson; there’s not a
sailor on deck,” I gasped.

“No, sir; it beats me; I’ve been at
sea a long time, sir, but I never see
nothin’ like this—they ain’t left, fer
the boats are all there, an’ the wheel
is lashed. She’s just a sailin’ herself.”
“There’s no sign of any trouble on
board. Why, those decks are scrubbed
like a Dutchwoman’s ﬂoor. Hurry up,
Leayord; the schooner seems deserted.
Come on, we shall have to clear this
mystery up.”

We sprang down on the deck, and
the others came tumbling over the rail
after us, each face expressive of mys-
tiﬁcation. Vera touched my sleeve,
her eyes searching mine.

“What can have happened?”

“I do not in the least know,” I an-
swered. ”The mystery is too deep to
guess at. There has been no steam,
no ﬁre, no evidence of desertion, every

, boat seems to be in its proper place.

The only thing I can think of as possi-

. ble is drink. The whole crew may be
i drink, but that seems like a dream.
__ However, we can‘t stand here doing _
., nothing. White, you are not of much

 
use with that broken arm, so remain

The annual-.mcmption of cuts be:
fore fhewaa' was 5,500,000 tons, of
which 500,000 tons were imported. In
1916 the imports rose to over 1,000,000
tons and the stock was still short 500,-
000 tons.

When one travels over France, one
speedily learns the reason for the
shortage in the grain crops. It is be-
cause there is not the labor to do the
farm work. Cultivation has to be left.
to the old men, the women and the
children. All others have been taken
for the armies and the defense of the
country.

Every thought of France for three
long years of a bloody and sacriﬁcial
war has been given to “lea braves” at,
the front. Little has remained for the
civilians .at the rear, who have borne
their trials in stoic calm for the sake
‘of the "soldiers in the trenches.

g1llllllllllllllllllllllllllﬂlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllIll”lllllllIIlllllllllllllllllllllmllllllllllmlIllllHlllllllllllllllll”ll"l"illlImmIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll"llllllllllllllllllllllmllllllllllg
“C t b d”
g on r3 an PARRI'SH g
ﬁilllllllllllllllllllllllllmllllllllllll“llllllllllllllllllllllllllllﬂllllllllllllIllllullllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllmllllulmmﬂllﬂmmmmmlllllnllllllllullllllllllllllllllllllllllllE

with Miss Carrington. Keep your eyes
open. Leayord, you and I will have a
look into that cabin; the rest of you
take the forecastle. Be careful, but
don’t miss anything—scatter now.”

I watched them go forward, their re-
luctance appanent enouglf The super-
stition of the sea was in their blood,
and every man among them was see-
ing ghosts; had it been dark not even
a threat of death would have driven
them into that grim hole. Lea‘yord
grinned, as I turned and faced him.

“They are fair scared, sir,” he said,
“they think they’re aboard a spook
ship.”

“And how about you?”

“Me! oh, I was brought ‘np ashore,
sir; but since then I’ve seen so many
queer things aﬂoat, that I’ve come to
take them as all in the day’s work.
This here is a bit strange, but it’ll
all straighten out, I reckon.”

“You have a theory, then?”

“Well, maybe not that exactly,” he
admitted gravely. “But I expect we’ll
ﬁnd every mother’s son on board
drunk.

“Well, we’ll know in ﬁve minutes;
let’s try our luck aft.”

I slid back the companion door, and
entered slightly in advance. The cabin
ﬂoor was on a level with the main
deck, and its glass front ﬂooded the in-
terior with light. A glance revealed
everything, and I stood motionless, my
breath caught in my throat, my hand
still gripping the edge of the door. I
was aware that Leayord peered in
across my shoulder, and heard his
startled lips utter one muffled exclama-
tion. It was a low-celled apartment,
painted white, ,with ports along the
sides, the only staterooms being aft. A
bright-hood rug covered the ﬂoor, and
there were leather divans under the
ports. The table in the center .was
fully set for a meal, covered with a
White cloth, and glistening bravely
with china. and glass. There was food
in abundance, partially eaten, and
wine glasses half-ﬁlled. I saw all of
these details; I recalled them after-
wards, yet in that ﬁrst instant of her-
ror, the impression left upon me was
merely of those silent, motionless ﬁg-
ures sitting upright in their chiars.
And it was a gruesome sight! They
actually seemed alive; as though they
must turn and speak, challenging our
presence—and yet I knew them to be
dead! A great monster of a man faced
me, his white, ghastly face appearing
above a shaggy, gray heard, his sight-
less open eyes, staring full into mine.
A wine glass had fallen from his open-
ed ﬁngers, and lay broken on the deck.
Indeed, every 'one had apparently died
as by a stroke, retaining exactly the
posture last assumed in life. \
To the right of the broadchould‘ : . cred-
giant was a thin, younggfelhw, mime-
(Con’ti-n-ued on page 418;. ..

 
By

’Bumpcr the White Rabbit
GEORGE ETHELBERT WALSH

copyright. 1917. by Geo. E. Walsh

 
Where Bumper Came From

Get acquainted with Bumper. Of all
the rabbits that ever lived none have
had a more exciting time than this re-
markable Bumper. His rise to a posi-

‘tion .of high authority will be told in a
Series of sixteen separate stories. Next
week you will learn “Why Bumper
Was Left at Home.” These stories 'will
furnish excellent supplementary read-
ing for the public schools. Bring your
teacher’s attention to them.

HERE was once an old woman
who had so many rabbits that
'she hardly knew what to do.
They ate her out of house and home,
and kept the cupboard, so bare she of-
ten had to go to bed hungry. But none
of the rabbits suffered this way. They
all had their supper, andtheir break-
fast, too, even if there wasn’t a crust
left in the old woman’s supboard.
There were big rabbits and little rab-
bits; lean ones and fat ones; comical
little youngsters who played pranks
upon their elders, and staid, serious
old ones who never laughed or smiled
the livelong day; boy rabbits and girl
rabbits, mother rabbits and father rab-
bits, and goodness knows how many
aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces, cous-
ins, second cousins and distant rela-
tives-in-law! They all lived under one
big roof in the backyard of the good
old woman who kept them, and they
had such jolly times together that it
seemed a. shame to separate them.

But once every day the old woman
chose several of her pets, and carried
them away in a basket to a certain
street corner of the city where she of-
fered them for sale. She was dread-
fully poor, and often when she return-
ed home at night, counting her mouey,
she would murmur: “It’s a cabbage
for them or a loaf of bread for myself.
I can’t get both.”

She didn’t always get the loaf of
bread, but the rabbits always had their
cabbage. They were all pink-eyed,
white rabbits, and people were willing
to pay good prices for them. But the
whitest and pinkest-eyed of them all
was Bumper, a tiny rabbit when he
was born, and not very big when the
old woman took him away on his ﬁrst
trip to the street corner. Bumper had
never seen so many people before, and
he was a little shy and frightened at
ﬁrst; but Jimsy and Wheedles, his
brothers, laughed at his fears, and told
him not to mind.

After that he plucked up courage,‘

and when a little girl suddenly ran out
of the crowd and picked him up in her
arms, he tried not to be afraid. “Oh,
you sweet little thing!” the girl ex-
claimed, pinching his ears softly.
“Where did you come from, and where
did you get those pink eyes and those
long, ﬂuffy ears ?”

Then the girl kissed Bumper and
rubbed his- nose against her soft, fresh
young cheek; but when the old lady
approached, all smiles and said, “Want
him, dear?” she put him down in the
basket ”again. - ‘ .

“Want him? Of course, I want him!”
she replied a little scornfully. “But I
can’t buy him today. I spent all my
birthday money on candies and cakes.
Take himgno’w before I steal him and
run "away.” ‘ -

She was a pretty girl, with red hair,
a dimple in her chin, and. one big
freckle on the end of her.nose; but her
eyeswer‘eblue, and they made Bumper
think of the sky \which he could see
through a hole-in the roof of his house.
Isuppose it was because he had pink
eyes than he. ' thought blue Was ‘ so be-

     
«coming 0 little girls. 1, _

aw

3am

     
day’s experience was ,enough to cause
this, but the words of the little girl
who had spent all of her birthday mon-
ey for candies and cakes were fresh in
his mind. The ﬁrst thing he did when
he got in his box was to pester his

mother with so many questions that.

she had hard work answering them.

“A little girl asked me where I came
from, mother, and I couldn’t answer
her. Where did I come from?”

Why, dear, from a snowball,
course.
white?”

“And have I pink eyes?” That was
the little girl’s second question.

“What color did you think they
were?” asked Bumper’s mother, smil-
ing. “Look at the eyes of your broth-
ers and sisters.”

Bumper looked in Jimsy’s. and
Wheedle’s eyes, and saw they were
pink, but he was still doubtful. “But
mine,” he added, “are you sure they’re
pink? They might be green or yel-
low—”

‘Mother rabbit laughed and hopped
over to a basin of water which the
good old woman kept ﬁlled for her
pets. “Look in that,” she said, “and
then tell me what you see.”

Trembling with excitement, Bumper
plunged both front paws in the basin,
and the water rippled in little waves
so that he could see nothing. He was

of
How else could you be so

terribly disappointed at ﬁrst, for the .

water was a little dirty, and he was
afraid the black specks ﬂoating in it
might be the reﬂection of his eyes.
Then the water cleared as the dirt set-
tled at the bottom, and straight up
from the depths there glowed two tiny
pink spots. Bumper watched them in
silence until his mother asked: “What
do you see, dear?”
“Two pink stars!” he murmured.

Mother rabbit, like all fond mothers,
smiled and: leaned over to kiss the wet
nose of her little one. Jimsy and
Wheedles and all the other rabbits
were anxious to see the two pink stars
in the water, and they crowded around
the basin to get a look. They held
their breath in amazement, for wonder
of wonders! instead of two, there were
a dozen tiny pink stars! They twink-
led and ﬂashed, and when they bobbed
their heads up the stars faded away or
disappeared entirely.

Mother rabbit, who was very fond of
her little ones, smiled proudly, and
said:

“All my children have pink eyes!”

“But don’t all rabbits have pink
eyes ?” asked Bumper, whose little
brain was still bursting with questions.

“No, dear, they do not—only those
rabbits that come from snowballs have
pink eyes!”

“Oh!”g exclaimed one and all, and
particularly Bumper, who had started
all this probing into the family history.

Then the last question of the little
girl popped up into his head, and with-
out waiting to catch his breath, or to
give his mother time to think up a
suitable answer, he blurted it out.

“Where did I get those long, ﬂuffy
ears, mother? The little girl said they
were long and ﬂuffy,” _

Just to make sure he- had not. been
deceived, he pulled them right down
between his two front pavis, and look-
ed at them. They were, indeed, long,
silky and ﬂuffy, and as white as snow.

Mother rabbit shook her head slowly ‘

just as if she intended to scold, and

then said in the softest, gentlest of _

voices:
“I’m afraid that little girl has been

"Batting vaihddeas‘intofyour head, dear.

 
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9
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KALAMAZOO srov: COMPANY, Minnlnlamuoo. Mich. A KG] Gde—q
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In PRICES many months we do not see any possibility for lower .
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Bumper promised not to be spoilt by
listening to what little girls said, and
then eagerly repeated his question.

“Why, that ' simple enough,” Moth-
er rabbit answ red, having had time to
think. “When you were only a little
snowball, we had to hang you up to
dry, and that pulled your ears out.”

That was an answer good enough
for any rabbit, and Mumper should
have been satisﬁed, but he had a very
inquisitive mind.

“But why didn’t I melt when I was
hung up to dry?” he asked quickly.
“Snowballs melt ni the sun, don’t
they?” '

“Yes,” gravely, “so they do, dear, if
you leave them in the sun too long.
But it was mother’s business to see
that you didn’t melt. It‘s like baking
bread or cake. If you leave the dough
in the oven too long it burns up, and
then it isn’t either bread or cake. It’s
very hard to know just when it‘s done,
and it’s harder”—sighing aloud—“for
mothers to know just when a snowball
is turning into a white rabbit, and
when it’s beginning to melt away to
nothing. Now don’t ask me any more
questions tonight. It’s bed time, and
little rabbits with pink eyes should be
fast asleep.”

Which was true. but Bumper went
to sleep dreaming of a million ques-
tions he would ask his mother in the
morning.

“CONTRABAND.”

(Continued from page 410).

1y out of his teens, but with a hard,
repulsive face, and at his left a dark-
faced man, almost a negro, grinned
horribly, as though death had stricken
him even as he laughed. Nothing could
be more awful to look upon than the
gleam of his teeth, beneath the fantas-
tic curl of his mustache. There were
six altogether, ﬁve sitting upright in
swivel chairs, screwed to the deck, or
leaning forward with heads resting on
the table. The sixth, gray—haired, and
partially bald, had fallen side-ways, and
lay in a shapeless heap on the rug.
They had the look of seamen, and
were roughly dressed, three of them
plainly foreigners, one with rings in
his eals. The big man alone possessed
the appearance of leadership.

I saw all this in that one swift look.
Breath had not come sobbing back to
me, when Leayord’s hand crushed my
arm, and his voice rumbled into my
ear.

“Good Lord, Captain! they’re dead!
they’re all dead!"

“Yes,” I answered, choking over the
words, “there is no doubt of that.
Something terrible has occurred here.
Call—call the other men." .

I heard him stumble out through the
companion door, and the roar ,of his
voice as he shouted to those forward;
I could distinguish the sound of their
feet on the deck, but could not remove
my gaze from that awful sight in the
cabin. The'eyes of that giant dead
man, staring at me so ﬁxedly across
the table, held me as in a vise—there
was something so ghastly, so terrible,

I, about their expression, as to rob me of
, all sense, all courage.

The men joined
me, Liverpool entering in advance, and
pushing past where I stood. I have
no recollection of seeing the others,
although I felt and heard their pres-
ence. But I saw him—marked his sud-
den stop, the\quick blanching of‘ his
face, and the sharp oath which burst
frOm his lips, the swift— incredulous
look of surprise, of recognition, which
leaped into his eyes. He was staring
straight into the ghastly face of the
giant opposite. I doubt if he even saw

‘ any of the others.

“Well I’ll be hanged,” he shouted.
“If it isn’t Gaston de Lys. So you’ve
got it at last, you old devil!"

He leaped forward, circled the table

 
with a single stride, "hats, melon-y, ,

whatever the impulse might be, con-

queriug all fear, and gripped his hand ‘
hard on the dead man's shoulder. An'd .

then he' stiffened, every muscle of his
body stricken; I could see death strike
him, his jaw set, his eyes ﬁxed—an in-
stant he stood rigid; then his Whole
form seemed to contract and he fell
lifeless to the deck.

I sprang toward him, but Masters
gripped me, and buried me back.

“Hands off—all of you!” he shouted.
“Wait! don’t lay a ﬁnger on any 'of
them; you are dead men if you do.”

“What do you mean, what is it?”

“The most diabolical bit of deviltry
ever contrived,” he answered. “Those
men have been killed by electricity;
the current is still on. I heard the
whir of the dynamo as I came aft.
Don’t move until I ﬁnd the switch and
disconnect; stand where you are.” ‘

Perhaps he was gone ﬁve minutes;
I could never tell; I saw nothing ’but
those dead men; heard nothing but the
heavy breathing of my mates in the
doorway. No one spoke; but once, it
seemed to me, I' caught the throb of
that deadly dynamo, yet even as I
seemed to distinguish the faint sound,
it ceased abruptly. Masters pushed
in past me.

“Aye, that was the truth,” he said,
“but it’s safe enough now. Lord! did
you ever hear of Such a cold-blooded
crime. See here, men, the villain
planned his job well,here are the wires
along the deck, pressed into a seam,
and connected to each swivel chair.
See, the circuit is complete, and no one
would ever suspect. All he had to do
was stand back there in the steward’s
pantry, and press the switch. Those
six men died before they could wink
an eye.”

“But the fellow who did it, what has
become of him?”

Masters shook his head.

“I don’t know, sir; but there must
have been one; there ain’t none 0’
these dead men who could have turned
the trick.”

“Perhaps-it was that cuss danglign
over the side, Captain,” said White’s
voice, from behind the others.

“What is that?”

“There’s a fellow got jammed in a
small boat along side, sir. I just hap-
pened to look over, and saw him a’
hangin’ there.” I

I glanced again about the cabin, and
then into the faces of those grouped in
the doorway. .

“There is nothing more we can do
here, is there, Masters?”

“Not a. thing, sir; those men are sure
dead, an’ Red has gone along with his
old friend.”

A glance below revealed the whole
story of accident. It was clear enough
to be read instantly by a sailor’s eyes.
The man in his efforts at escape, had
chosen one of the smaller boats, but
one staunch, and well equipped. No
doubt it had been secretly prepared in
advance, for the lockers contained food
and a beaker of fresh water was se-
curely lashed to a front thwart. There
was also a spar and sail aboard, safely
secured, together with a pair of .ser-
viceable oars.

What had happened, as seemed clear
to us, was this: a heavy brass-bound
chest, of odd workmanship, and dingy
appearance, had been stowed away in
the bows. It must have been placed
there with rope and pulley, for no sin—
gle pair of arms could ever have lifted
it over the rail. Then the fellow had
clambered in, eager to be off, no doubt,
and undertaken to lower the boat,
standing probably amidships, where he
could manipulate both ropes. But the
forward rope must have jammed in the
pulley, permitting the stern of the» sus~
pended boat to sag suddenly enough to
send the'hea'vy chest sliding aft.

himself by leaping overboard, it had

pinned his legs against the stern .'

sheets: and there he dangled Still, his"

   
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pigs and chite No cold weather: rich soil; low
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lite ere. Newcomers welcome Write for 0m

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Illustrated folders, free 0. L. oagraves. dustrial
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OWN A FARM HOME

I have 80 acres of good lend well located 3 miles from
Beaverton and 5 miles from Gladwin the county seat
of GladuinOo that I will give some fellow a good
bargain on, I bought it cheap and have no use for it.
There is 20 acres cleared. balance well 1%.?“st c-ut 01 e1
land. oSchool 00% mile. telephone andR D. Price 511'

racre dow.n balance onlO years time
with intatsﬁ.” G. REYNOLDS, (31 admin. Mi c.h

FARMERS

Our methods and the buyers. If you want to sell
your form w.r1tsns

Gehrk ko & Jensen, Inc.,
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To Oontreliae our farming operations will sell
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FREMONT 0A
320 acres. 80 acres cleared six miles from 1317.11.11.06.
ceola county Mieh.10ur miles state award road,
in good community. small name house, small frame
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11 years time on the remainder-111.6".
.F. UMPHREY, Evert, Ml lch.
H A V E yous. farm or ropsrtyto sell?
1 and wil‘lpaygﬁa twhmﬁg,
01‘ 8 IO“ uy a G‘mo in an I 0
1531158er l'il'aagtsusn {121.1, an,
no. as.

STILLSON FARM MAN

52 cresoni saw own 120a re 835w.
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. k“
”Mondale. QmsgwlenLudlIIlton, ic .

 
side, his knees crushed helplessly‘be-
neath the weight of the chest—an in-
ert dead body. ‘

“The fellow got his, sir,” said Lea-
yord solemnly. “Likely enough killed
by the very thing he was tryin’ to git
away with. What shall we do with the
boat and what’s in it, sir?"

“Untangle that pulley slowly, and
hoist up even with the rail,” .1 answer-
ed. “We’ll have a look at the man,
and ﬁnd out what’s in the chest; it’s
an odd looking affair.”

“Aye, aye, sir; Olson you man that
other rope. A hundred years old, I’d
say, an’ stowed away in some odd cor-
ner 0’ the. world at that, Now pull-
steady; all the weight is on my end.”

I helped balance it, and with White
using his uninjured arm, we drew the
dead man’s body'in over the rail. The
two mates released his limbs from the
grip of the chest, and we laid him out
on the deck. He was an ill-looking fel-
low, deeply tanned, with a livid scar

across one check, and an anchor tat-A

tooed on his forearm. Leayord drew
a paper out of the inner pocket of his
shirt, and passed it over to me. It was
a letter with no date line, or signature,
and had been so soaked in salt water
as to be almost illegible. The only
connecting words I could study out
were: “De Lys has all his men but a
cook; try to get on! he’ll never know
you after these years.”

“Does it tell you anything, sir?” ask-
ed Olson anxiously.

“Not much; only this fellow sailed
as cook, and got the job for a purpose.
He had known De Lys years before.”

“De Lys?”

“Yes; that was the name of the big
follow in the cabin; he must have been
at the head of the party; the one Liv-
erpool knew as Gaston De Lys. Get
that chest onto the deck; no doubt the
secret is there.”

 
CHAPTER XXXIX.

A Secret of the Sea.
[C were compelled to resort to
rope and pulley, and then
search through the dead man’s
clothes to discover the key. Even with
that found, it required the sharp edge
of a hatchet to force open the cover.
As it lifted the sight within was greet-
ed with cries of atsonishment.

“Good Lord, sir, it’s money,
stack of it!”

“English and French coins!”

“Aye, and Spanish!”

“This piece is Dutch!”

“There ain’t. a shiner there, sir, less
than a hundred years old—100k at this
one 1763.”

\Vhite’s voice broke in above the
babble, the old harsh croak I remem-
bered so well:

“Well, see here lads,” he shouted,
“whose is all this gold anyhow, ain’t
it just naturally ours? It’s sure no
good to these yere dead men, an’ there
want nuthin’ else aboard when we
come. Then why ain’t it ‘ourn now to
divide share an’ share alike?”

“Sure it’s ours,” chimed in Masters
eagerly. “We saved it and have a right
to claim , a share. That’s sea law.
What do you say, Mr. Hollis?”

“We undoubtedly have a claim,” I
answered, “for salvage; and if the
heirs of the rightful owners are un-
able to prove themselves justly entit-
led to the gold, perhaps we might hold

and a

the entire amount.”
“Piffle!” shouted White, “what’s the
use of all that poppycock! These fel-

lows likely enough stole the money, or
else dug it up somewhere. It never

beIOnged to them any more’n it does _

Nobody knows the stuff even
exists. Why should we go around tell-
in’ about it? I’m fer dividin’yit up
square between the ﬁve 0’ us—no, by
Heavens, I’ll count in the girl for a
full share—the six, and never sayin'
nuthin’ about it when we go ashore.
Ain’t that the best way, mates. ‘7”

There was a mutter. of voices, and a

to us. '

 
”glance about at the faces told me thatilcompanled by one 0f_ are mill? '1; ”'11

face buried» in the. green. water. along-H

 
to accept White's line of reasoning,
while even Leayord felt the tempta-
tion. I knew also, without locking up,
that Vera had crossed the deck quietly
and now stood beside me, gazing down
at the treasure revealed in the open
chest. -

“Do you agree to this Mr. Leayord?”
I asked suddenly.

He lifted his eyes to mine in bewil-
derment. . .

“I don’ t just know, sir,” he Istammer-
ed. “It doesn’t seem exactly the square
thing—is it, sir?”

“No, it’s" not,” I answered ﬁrmly,
and I slammed down the cover, locked
it, and put the key in my pocket. “Now
look here, men, and you particularly,
Jim White—this isn’t our gold. I do
not know who it belongs to, or how
these dead men ever came into its pos-
session. But there is a curse on the
stuff, which has already cost the lives
of eight men that we know of. No one
has touched it, but to die. I’ll tell you
fellows plainly just what I’m going to
do. I’m going. to sail this schooner
straight into St. John’s harbor, with
those dead men locked in the cabin,
and the chest of gold here unopened
on the deck. It is going to be English
courts which will decide the owner-
ship of this chest and its contents——
not Jim-White. Are you with me, Lea-
yord?”

“Aye, aYe, sir!”

“And you, Olson?”

“I suppose that’s best, sir,” reluc-
tantly. “I don't want any trouble.”

“I thought not; now fall to all of
you, and shake the reefs out of those
topsails. I’ll take the wheel, and we’ll
point the bow toward port.”

There is so little more of interest to
be told, I scarcely know how best to
express it in words. The three whom
I had thus overruled were far from sat-
isﬁed, but we gave them no opportun-
ity for action. Either Leayord, or my-
self were always awake, and within
sight of the chest, while Vera took her
trick at the wheel, thus enabling us to
keep the discontents busy forward
most of the time. I was perfectly in-
different, as to what they thonght, or
planned, being fully occupied in getting
all possible speed out of the schooner.
We slept on deck, no one among us
having any desire to again enter the
cabin which remained locked and left
alone to its ghastly occupants.

The morning of the second day the
speeding Rose of Gaspe rounded the
northern head, and swept like a fair
white bird into the beautiful harbor of
St. John’s. We tied up at Long Wharf,
and, within an hour, I had told our
story to the Port Captain, and oﬁicers
of the marines had taken possession of
the vessel. That very afternoon, the
ﬁve of us gave testimony before the
maritime court and were permitted to
go free. Before leaving the courtroom
the judge spoke with me privately.

“This is indeed a strange case, Cap-
tain Hollis,” he said, “and, perhaps, the
truth will never be learned, yet it is
evident that you and your crew had
nothing to do with the death of these
men, or the possession of this chest of
money.”

“May I ask, Judge, if anything has
been discovered tending to explain the
voyage of the Rose of Gaspe?”

“Nothing satisfactory as yet. There
were no papers of value found in the
cabin—an excellent chart of the Labra-
dor coast, a memorandum in French,
so discolored as to be almost unread-
able, accompanied by a rudely drawn
map, and a list of the schooner’s crew.”

“What was the name of the cook?”

“He shipped as Gustave Montain, of
St. Clair. ‘
that village. ”

“And the leader, Gaston de Lys?”

"‘We ﬁnd trace of him only for a few
months, Mr. Hollis. Where he came

from, and Whither he went are thus far '

unknown. Gaston de Lys appeared in
Placenta some two months since, ac-

 
There is no such man in_

heart has come ‘9

dark faced—like an Indian—and sought

among“ the ﬁShermen there fer a eer-

tain type of boat. They Were very par-
ticular, statingth‘ey wished to leave
for a voyage of three months, repre-

senting themselves merely as trayelers »

for pleasure who desired to' cruise
along the Labrador coast. At last they
leased the,Rose of Gaspe, from a. man

of wealth, Richard Martin, who had'

previously used the schooner as a pri-
vate yacht. It was reﬁtted and provis-
ioned, and the crew arrived from Hali-
fax. None of them was known in Pla-
centia, but the inhabitants say that
only two or three among them had the
appearance of ‘sailors. They put to sea.
seven weeks ago. Beyond that we know
absolutely nothing.”

“But the chest of coins, have you no
knowledge as to where it came from ?"

“No more than a mere guess; there
is no guide. Beyond doubt this Gaston
de Lys learned of its existence some—
where in Labrador, and planned its re-
covery. The men with him also knew
what it was they sailed to seek. In my
judgment this must be a treasure of
the old Hudson’s Bay Cempany, lost
and hidden a hundred years ago, yet
we can get no trace of such a disap-
pearance of coin in the records. We
cannot deny its existence; it is here
now in our custody; but who its right-
ful owner may be, will, probably never
be determined.” ,

“Then what will become of it?”

He smiled. _

“That is rather a ﬁne question of
law. I should say that you men who
recovered it at sea, have the best
claim, although it must be held intact
for a certain length of time to give any
rightful claimant opportunity to fur-
nish proof‘of ownership. Of course, in
case no such claimant appears, the gov-
ernment takes its share.”

“And the amount contained in the
chest?”

“Exceeded seven hundred thousand
dollars.”

I rejoined Vera at the, hotel, stand-
ing beside her in a window looking out
upon the harbor. Below us was‘the
white schooner in which we had ended
our strange voyage.

“We are all free to go now, dear,” I
said. “The examination is all over.”

“Have they found the owner of the

money?”
, “No; they have not even the slight-
est conception as to whom it origi-
nally belonged, or where it came from.
The law compels them to hold it intact
for the present.”

“For how long?” ,

“Two years, I think; then the great-
er proportion is given to those who re-
covered it—the state retaining a cer-
tain share.”

Her eyes met mine,

“I wonder if you know where my
share will go, if I ever receive it?” she
asked softly.

“I think I do, and mine will be ad-
ded to it—to the mother and sister of
Philip Bascom.”

“Yes; and—and we may never know
who these men were, or the story of
their quest?”

“Most likely not;
secret of the sea. 'Who was Gason de
Lys? Where, and how did he learn
of this hidden treasure? From where
in the Seven Seas did he gather togeth-
er the men who went with him? To
what strange coast did the peaceful
Base of Gaspe sail? 'What motives cf
hate, or cupidity, led to 'the murderous
crime of Gustave Montain? and how
much of the truth did Liverpool Red
know, had he lived, could he have lift-
ed the veil 7”

She was silent a long while, her hand
clasped in mine; then .she‘ lifted her
face, and smiled.

“It—-—it has been full of hardship, of

it will remain. a

'sor'row, yet Robert I love the sea. ”
"And I, sweetheart, ” I ansWered ear- .

neatly, “for out, of its tightly into

 
. .. .“w_---...—".~‘. ”ﬁn—Am

   
v» .“V-s.-~..._".~‘. ”ﬁn—Am

 
lllllllllllllllt'lllllllllllllllllllll’llE

_l

- OULDN’T it be nice if that chap
who has invented a device to
furnish a photo with a tele-

phone message would fulﬁll Bobbie

Burns’ soulfully expressed wish,

“Oh, wad some power the giftie gie
us?”

Or if Thomas Edison, while he is
working on his submarine “Deﬁer”
would discover the much-longed-for au-
toscope and turn it out as a by-pro-
duct.

Wouldn’t there be a rush to equip
ourselves with these personal fault de-
tectors! Or would there? I wonder,
now,‘if we’d want them? Or would we
shy off and refuse to equip ourselves,
so we could be spared the effort of
making ourselves over.

As a matter of fact. don’t we just
hug up tight» to ourselves what our
friends think are our worst vices, un-
der the delusion that they are our
greatest virtues? And when our friends
tell us, kindly or otherwise, where we
are wrong, don’t we ﬂy mad and rare
up and defend ourselves? If we had a
mirror, which, like Snow White’s, re-
vealed our true selves, would we do
any differently? I'm afraid not.

There’s that habit some of us have
of secretiveness. We make a virtue of
our forte of keeping still. And it is a
virtue to a certain extent. But the
trouble is, the person who sets out
not to talk too much always overworks
the thing and doesn’t talk enough. He
keeps still when his word would
straighten things out, perhaps by so
doing keeping himself out of trouble
but plunging someone else deeper in.

“I just‘ kept out of the conversa-
tion,” “I refused to take sides,” ”I
knew Smith was wrong, but I wasn’t
going to get mixed up in it.” How of—
ten we hear these remarks. Some-
times they are. excusable, when the
thing contended over is trivial. But
all too often a matter of principle is
involved, and keeping silence, instead
of being a virtue. is merely an act of
cowardice. Much as it would havebeen
for America to longer keep silent over
the fate of democracy.

Or perhaps we keep silent when we
should give a word of praise. We with-
hold praise from our children or our
employes, with the thought that we are
not going to spoil them, or that they
haven’t done anything more than their
duty and don’t deserve a good word.
But children and toilers both, if their
efforts are never recognized, are apt
to fall into the way of thinking that it
doesn’t matter what they do, nobody
cares or notices.

Just as bad is the habit of; “speaking
our mind” on any and all occasions. “I
just told them all what i thought,” is
all too often done when it was the
time to keep still. “I wasn’t going to
sit there and keep still and let them
think they could run over me.” You
know the type, the ones who know
how everything should be done and

'would be glad to take on the job of

running the universe. These folks who
pride themselves on their outspoken-
ness, would they want to get a. peep at
themselves?

Human nature seems to be made
that way. We all make a great virtue

of our worst fault or, rather, we con-j

vert what would be a virtue, if prop-
erly handled, into a fault by’overdoing
it. How many neat *wOmen turn this
praiseworthy trait into a bugbear to
the family by carrying it to excess.
They must wage a battle with dirt and
disorder it is true, but they overdo the
matter and become mallard-Inns. All

'-v.-honielllteness is driven out . of their

housmmeimw we to keen

Woman “and Her Needs

5|lilililﬂlllllll|lIIlllﬂllllﬂllllmllllllllllllllllIllllllh|illlflllllllﬂlllllllllllllllllllllllﬂlllllllllllllllllllllllllIllIIIHII|HillllINHHillII|I“!”HI|ll|llll|IUIIIIIHIHHIHHH||lllllllllI|llllllllIIIHHHHIIHHIlllﬂlllllllllh e

Who Wants to Reform?

 
IllIlllllllIIIIllllllllllllllllllllll

“ml

things clean and picked up. While
across the road, their, neighbor looks
at cleanliness overdone, decides she is:
not going to err that way ,and runs off
to the other extreme, untidiness. She
isn’t “going to kill herself with house-
work,” and becomes a sloven. ,
None of us ever get into these habits
without warning. There’s always some-
one ready, yea, even anxious, to tell us
our faults. But we are never so anxg
ions to mend. In fact, we think the3
other party is jealous of our superior-
ity, and go right on in our good old
way. So I say, I don't believe we’d
equip ourselves with a device to Show
us our true selves if we could.
DEBORAH.

 
CONSERVATION DA‘Y SUGGES-
TIONS.

 
Meatless Day.—~Breakfast: Eggs en
casserole. Dinner: Haddock. Supper,
Fishballs.

Wheatiess Day.,——Cornmeal mufﬁns
without wheat ﬂour. Dinner: Michi-
gan brown bread, tapioca and grape
juice pudding. Supper: Brown bread,
baked bananas with currant jelly.

Cornmeal Mufﬁns without Wheat

Flour.—Four cups of yellow cornmeal,
half cup granulated sugar, two tea-
spoons of salt, two heaping teaspoons
baking powder. Stir thoroughly and
add tWo eggs, two cups of whole milk
and two heaping tablespoons short—
ening, melted and cooled.

Michigan Brown Bread—Pour one
pint of scalding water over two cups of
cornmeal, either white or yellow; add
two cups of rye ﬂour, half a yeast cake
dissolved in a fourth of a cup of luke-
warm water, one cup molasses, one tea-
spoon of salt and one teaspoon of soda
dissolved in one-fourth cup of luke-
warm water. Pour. into greased tins,
let rise and bake in moderate oven.
This makes one medium loaf. Double
the quantity to make sufﬁcient for two
meals.

Tapioca and Grape Juice Pudding.—
Soak a half-cup of tapioca in two cups
of water for four hours. Then cook in r
double boiler until clear, with a pinch]
of salt and one cup of sugar. VVhen'
the tapioca is transparent add one cup
of grape juice, pour out in a pudding
bowl and fold in the stiffly beaten
whites of two eggs.

Baked Bananas—Pull down one sec—
tion of banana skin and loosen the pulp
from the rest. Rearrange the skin,
place bananas in a baking dish and
bake in hot oven until skins are dark
and pulp soft. Remove the pulp care-
fully so as not to bruise, and arrange
in serving dish. Pour over a glass of
hot, melted currant jelly. Serve pip-
ing hot. Remove all long coarse strings
from the fruit before baking.

Eggs en Casserole—These must eith~
or be prepared one at a time, or so
carefully handled that the yolks are
not broken. The eggs, of course, must
be strictly fresh. Beat the whites until
dry, with a pinch of salt, pile lightly
in buttered individual baking dishes,
or if you have not these, in buttered
jelly glasses or drinking glasses, make
a nest in the white and drop carefully
into it the yolk. Set the dishes in a
pan of warm water on a false bottom
and cook slowly until the eggs rise and
ﬁll the dishes. Do not let the water
boil.

. Finnan Haddie, or haddock, more
properly, may be bought of any grocer.
Clean thoroughly with a damp cloth,
put in roaster with a half cup of boil

 
his water, cover and put in hot over, '

for about a half hour. Remove to plat:

‘ TQH E MI‘FC’H’Ei-jo his 71:“ #1th ME 111‘ ' '

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tor ”and pour over it a quarter-cup. of '

 
Most Flour Value
For Your Money

The cheapest ﬂour is not always
the most economical.

       
When you buy Hour you buy food
value—not just flour. Therefore, econ-
omy in ﬂour buying consists in getting
the most food value for your money.

    
The food value of each manufact—
urer’s best ﬁnished Hour depends not
alone upon the kind of Wheat from
which it is ground. It depends, rather,
upon how skillfully and to What extent
be separates it from the cheaper and
less nourishing lower grades.

      
Pillsbury's Best ﬂour is milled to a definite
standard which produces the most food value
for the consumer’s money. This standard has
been determined in the light of nearly ﬁfty
years milling experience. It is rigidly main-
tained -~day after day, year after year. Every
sack of Pillsbury's Best ﬂour must conform
to it.

That is why bread made with Pillsbury’s
Best is both wholesome and economical. That
is why your money cannot buy a better Hour
than Pillsbury's Best, anywhere~ at any price.
To pay more is wasteful; to pay less is not
economy.

The Flour Question Settled

          
as "z 3-4 ’

  
selling for D256.

  
run stich

 
ity is

Everybody Welcomes
Durable-DURHAM
Fleece-lined Hosiery

because it keeps out the cold and
gives so much comfort and long
wear. You can buy it for every-
body in the family at 25c a pair.
Durable-DURHAM is much heavier
than most fleece- lined hosiery

D RAB _ RABLE
DURHAM HUSIERY
FOR MEN. WOMEN AND CHILDREN

Made Strongest
Where the Wear is Hardest

-—is not only made in ﬂeece-lined. You
can buy it for work, play or dress and for
all seasons. The heels. soles and toes are
strongly reinforced; the legs are full
length, ' the wide elastic top with the anti-
can’t be pulled off or torn
by garters; the smooth. seamless and
even feet and toes; sizes are correctly
marked. and the way the famous Durham
dyes are fast—colors will not fade or turn
green from wearing or washin
uniform- throughout.

$urQable-

DURHAM Hosiery is made in all weights
for all seasons of the year and sells

for15, 19.25 and 35 cents.

Bu

y Durable-

DURHAM Hosiery for everybody in the

family

, Ask your dealer
1; . to Show you our
to o m e n ’s 3 5 c
and men ‘s 250
silk-mercerized
hosiery with the
patented an ti-
run stitch.

DURHAM

 
Trad

HOSIERY MILLS. Durham. N.

LI

 
e-Mark

 
,,1:u..~<en‘::.-.u_ .

_ » “anon“ 6111"“

92‘ SMOKE“'ﬁbu

store house. Madain
heavy galvanized“ sheet steel. F

n,Ssusagea. at home. Also 3e

EM

 
SE

longest success. After smoking meets
or

eesizes of
lroproof.

rats.”
l-‘ITEE soon wi-Eigygggm-wggnmg

our low

aces. Write
zmtcBLE :E‘éjs‘idrlllnm MFG. MGOMPANV

“non".

 
Don’t sell all your hogs and I
pay big butcher bills.
enough for your own use and

V9

 
.. .‘mz,.a..<...« ~ ‘_ ""1... . .1...” .

for germs.

invalids.
Boards of Henlt t.h

ORIGINAL

001’.

30, non SOLD—FIFTH ma
ore Comfortable,

Healthful, Convenient

Eliminates the out- house,
0 on vault
w ioh are breeding p aces
Have a. warm.
sanitary. odorless toilet right
in )our house.
in cold weather.
Endorsed by State

and cess-

CHEMICAL

08¢|

col,

0 oing out
boon to

ABSOLUTELY ODORLESS

Put It Anywhere In The House

The germs are
water in the container.

No more trouble to empty than ashes.
Guarantee on ﬁle in the

solutely narantead.

killed by a chemical process in
Empty oncea mon

Closet ab—

ﬁice of t is publication. Ask for catalog and price

lllIWE SANITARY MFG. 60. 4
Ask-boat the Ro-Ssn ashs

tuna--
Water Without Plumb n:

”411 6

a. s1., 11:11:11.},

4102‘ and Cold

1

 
HUDSIE

   
5 7'0 V5 5 &
RA N G E 5
go try 1n your home 30 days free no matter where you live,
now your friends. send it back at our expense if ou do not
want to keep it. Million members of families enjoying the
, comforts and pleasures of

“under" Stoves I. Roi-30s.
genteel; bakers and heaters. beau-
fully ﬁnished. smooth latest
design. guaranteed
Write for our big free book show-
large

steam-Ghent oft
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FREE

for years.

I HOOSIER STOVE CO.
131 5““ Sb. Malon. Ind.

 
the use of the w

  
to you.

If you have a Terrill Psi-lest Wuhar—atlme and
' l r saver for every home. Washes
all clothes sweet and

  
clean without

The Ten-m Perfect Washer
is absolutely guaranteed. sold direct
Writer or free booklet.
washer without cost. Agents wanted.

Get

   
Inn Farmer When

and one cup of cracker crumbs.

 
melted butter or a pint of white Sauce.-

.Fish Balls—Flake the .haddie left

from dinner.“ For one cup of ﬁsh allow

one cup of mashed potatoes, two eggs
Mix
the ﬁsh, potato and one egg beaten.
Form in balls dip in ‘ﬂour, then in the
other egg, beaten, then in ﬁnely rolled
cracker crumbs and fry. Serve on a
platter surrounded with fried potatoes
and parsley or water cress.

USE OF POTATOES IN BREAD
MAKING.

 
The pressure of war conditions has
brought out the value of potatoes in

bread making. In England potato ﬂour

was mixed with wheat and a pecu-
liarly delicious bread resulted. In this
country potato ﬂour is not available to
the average housewife, so the United
States Department of Agriculture has
devised recipes for the making of
bread with simple, plain boiled pota-
toes mixed with the wheat ﬂour.

This bread is said to be not only an
economy, where potatoes are cheap
and plentiful, but to supply a welcome
variation from the usual bread. It has
a rich brown crust, is tender and elas-
tic, and the ﬂavor is preferred by many
to bread made wholly of wheat. It
contains more moisture than ordinary
bread, and therefore has longer keep-
ing qualities.

To make four one-pound loaves take’

three pounds of boiled and peeled po-
tatoes, two and one-fourth pounds of
bread ﬂour, one and one-half level tea-
spoons of salt, three level tablespobns
of sugar, two cakes compressed yeast,
four tablespoons of water.

Wash thoroughly and boil in thei1
skins about twelve potatoes of medium
size. Cook them until they are very
tender. Drain, peel, and mash them
while hot, being careful to leave no
lumps. Allow the mashed potato to
cool, or until lukewarm. To three
pounds (ﬁve solidly packed half-pint
cupfuls), of the mashed potato, add the
yeast, which has been rubbed smooth
in a. cup with three tablespoonsful of
lukewarm water. To get all the yeast,
rinse the cup with the remaining table-
spoonsful of water and add this also to
the potato. Next add the salt, the sug-
ar, and about four ounces of the ﬂour
(one scant half-pint of sifted ﬂour).
Mix thoroughly with the hand, but do
not add any more water at this stage.

Cover the mixing bowl to avoid the
formation of a crust on top and place
out of the way of drafts to rise, where
the temperature cannot fall below 80
degrees F., or be much higher than 88
degrees F. Where the housewife has
no thermometer she should see. that
the dough in all the risings is kept
moderately warm, but not up to blood
heat. Any water used in mixing the
dough should be moderately warm, but
by no means hot. This sponge, if kept
at the proper temperature, should, af-
ter two hours, become quite light.

To this well-risen sponge, which now
will be found to be quite soft, add the
remainder of the ﬂour, kneading thor-
oughly until a smooth and’ elastic
dough has.been formed. The dough
must be very stiff, since the boiled po-
tato contains a large amount of water
which causes the dough to sOften as it
rises. Do not add water to the dough
unless it is absolutely necessary to
work in the ﬂour. Set the dough back
to rise again, temperature at about-86
degrees F., until it has trebled in vol-
ume, which will require another hour
or two. Then divide the dough into
four approximately equal parts,“ re-
serving a tiny lump weighing two or
three ounces for an “indicator.” Shape
the sample into a ball and press it into
the bottom of a small tumbler with
straight sides. The glass should be
slightly warmed. Note the volume of
the ball of dough‘ in the tumbler and

,mark the glass at twice this vomme.

Mold the four portions into leaves

“and place in greasedpens which have
Ibsen slightly warmed. Place the glass

containing the "indicator. ' .

pans and let 'all rise, under proper
temperature, until 'the “indicator”
shews that it has doubled in‘volume‘.
Then place the loaves in the oven and

‘bake in a. good, steady heat (400 de- -
grees to 425 degrees F.), for forty ﬁve‘

minutes.
To Test Oven. ———Where no oven ther-
mometer is at hand, a convenient teat

will be to put a teaspoonful of ﬂour‘
If this .

in an earthen‘ dish in the oven.
«ﬂour becomes 'light brown . evenly
throughout in ﬁve minutes’ time, the
oven is right for bread baking. If the
flour scorches in that time, the ovenvis
too hot.

HOME QUERIES.

 
O. S, Perfection, Mich. -——The Cornell
Bulletin gives the following directions
for curing meat: “Before the meat is
placed in pickleor salt, all corners and
ragged edges should be cut off and used
fo1 sausage or lard. If they are left
on they will be wasted, for they will be
thoroughly soaked by the pickle and
will be of no use. Rub the pork thor-
oughly with .salt and pack it in a cool
place over night. The next day place
it in a barrel or an earthen jar, with
the heaviest hams and shoulders at
the bottom, the lighter hams and shoul-

ders next, and the bacon at the top. .

Beef tongues may be cured in the
same pickle with the pork. For every
100 pounds of meat weigh out ten
pounds of salt, two and one-half pounds
of brown sugar and two ounces of salt-
peter. Rub these together thoroughly,
taking care the saltpeter is ﬁnely pow-
dered, Dissolve the whole by, stirring
it into fou1 gallons of boiling water.
Allow this brine to get cold and then
pour it over the meat. If it does not
entirely cover the meat add more wa-
ter.
at all times. The meat may be weight-
ed down with a block, if necessary, for
if it projects it will decompose in a
.short time. If the brine shows signs
of fermenting during the curing proc-
ess, it should be drawn off, boiled,
cooled, and then poured back over the
meat. The bacon and tengues may
be taken out in from four to six weeks
and, after being washed in warm wa-
ter, hung in the smokehouse and smok-
ed. The lighter hams and shoulders
may be taken out in six to eight weeks
and the heavier ones at the end of the
eighth week.”

Write the Cornell University, Ithaca,

New York, and ask for the bulletin, "

“The Curing of Meat and Meat Pro-
ducts on the Farm.”

T0 UTILIZE WORN-OUT WOOL
SWEATERS.

 
BY GRACIA SHULL.

It is generally conceded that, when
the sleeves of a wool sweater are worn
out, the balance of the garment is (val-
ueless. I have proved this a great mis-
take. From several old sweaters I have
made the following garments: One
white, and one red wool petticoat for
a thirteen- -year— o—ld girl, and a gray
wool muff, auto bonnet, and muffler,
for a nine-year-old girl. Another old,
gray sweater body was utilized in “mak-

ing a pair of mittens, two pairs of '-

wristlets, and two pairs of leggings for
a. pair of ﬁve and seven-year- -old chaps
Two old blu'e sWeaters were utilized in
making the body parts of two Comfort-
able petticoats for grandma. Also she
unraveled an old black one and knit

for herself a perfectly fascmatmg “1111- I ‘
his,” a pairof mittens and someqear '
One .
of girlie’s old, white sweaters, unrav- .

muffs and wristlets for' grandpa.

eled and combined with two skeins of

pale blue yarn made me a daintyand
The thin parts .
of the sweaters are cut up in strips . ,‘
Of . \. . ‘
course the sweaters mentioned are the 7—
accumulation from. la large family for "

useful crochet shawl.

and used for, rug or- -carpet rags.“

 
setters] years past. " ~ . e A.

In making muffs and mufflers tor the

The brine should cover the meat

 
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“TisLP! Rats Destroyed

nearly$3750000000 worth of
properly. last year. I willeat
YOUR grail: set fire toYO home
spree disease in YOUR family

Fight them with '

 
Kills them every time Wonderful
new formula Dont delay. At all
dealers. lS‘and 25“ in safet tubes
Buffalo Specialty Co. Duf alo NY

 
10 to .830 by oBuylng ,
D rom The]: ,
Free 191'] catalog shows many handsome new
models of our. sturdy. stylish easy-riding

cutters at bargain prices. (3:1: our 111.c-
Wrunner sttﬁchm 61 ' M
I sue

ﬁfuum.
Writtm -

 
IIAVE YOUII FIIIIS IIEIODELEII

Don' t wait until weather 1%?"
cold before hﬂinf your .
made over intothe stestst le—
Have all the breaks men ed—
get them into sorvlcable shape.
We Repair and Make Like
New--At Lowest Pr on
Furs require co rtislderable ex-
ert attention—i does not pay
let them startto rip
We kegp abreast of the latest
‘ _Fur tyles"—we kno ow how to
give your furs Real Up-to-Dat a- .

11 __ass
Coats. Collars, Mum. eck
Pieces. .Gloves. , Caps. ' ’
Bend us your urs— w_e Will esti-
mate cost 0 airs before
doln work: m'eh'ave. 11
Fur apufactures since! 8.
Safelgstrust your‘Furs to a sun
with “dog”...- of e'xperlencee

 
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little girls, I pad them with gray or

black sheet cotton, then line them with
a piece of sdft ﬂannel, saline or other
materialil happen to have on hand
The muffs are ﬁnished with a perky
bow, of inexpenSive ribbon, 'in the cen-
terof front or en the upper corners.
They look very pretty and are certain~
ly. “comfy.” The hoods are also pad-
ded and lined, and ﬁnished with ribbon
bows and strings. I’have saved many,
many dollars in the utilization of worn-
out garments, but in ﬁnding a new use
for worn-out sweaters I feel that I
have struck a regular gold mine. Even
the cotton sweaters may be used ad-
vantageously in leggings, petticoats
and the like. I have made several
pairs of heavy socks out of these cot-
ton sweaters and the men folk think
them ﬁne to wear with their felt and
rubber boots.

THE AMERICAN COLOR CARD.

 
BY usrnnu A. oossn.

' When women of the household be-
gin to talk about new dresses what do
they speak of ﬁrst? Color, always.
“What is the color for this season? Is
it red, which I can’t wear, or blue,
which I can wear ?" And immediately
begins a search of fashion books .and
other sources of style information be-
fore the cloth for the dress or suit is
purchased. Once the important ques-
tion of color is settled the rest is not
so diﬂicult. It may be silk, wool or cot-
ton fabric, but color is the most per-
sonal consideration and that is chosen
with great attention to details.

Every woman who discusses color
and ﬁnally makes a choice helps in
making up the American standard col~
or card. She doesn't know it. Very
likely no thought has been given to a
color card and the chances are that a
majority of American women do not
know what a color card is. If they do
not they are pardoned. America, even
though its mechanical processes are
the best in the world has always de-
pended upon Europe for the colors of
its textiles. For more than a century
and a half Europe has dictated what
colors the women on the remotest farm

. should wear, as well as the fashionable

women surrounded by every luxury.
From calico and gingham to the most
expensive silk, all colorings were chos-
en by Europe. And American manu-
facturers never moved until the word
came from abroad respecting the col-
ors for the season. Probably manu-
facturers were unconscious of their
dependence. It was the line of least
resistance. The color card came at a
speciﬁed time each year and it was
not difficult to select the colors that
seemed most'desirable and make them
up. That ended the trouble for that
season.

But the war came and the 1914 card
failed to arrive. So seriously was the
lack felt that some mills closed. They
didn’t know what colors to select, and,
rather than risk choosing a wrong
shade, they closed to await the arrival
of the French card.

A few progressive men in the textile
trade say/whither they were tending
and decided upon an American card.
The present standard card with 128
shades, and the three seasonal supple-

ments with thirty-ﬁve to forty shades.

each, are the result. Now the textile
industry of America is not dependent
upon Europe for anything which en'-
ters into \the manufacture of fabrics.

The American card is a cooperative
institution to which textile manufac-
turers and stylers contribute informa-
tion, which is supplemented by those
engaged in mulinery, ribbons, hosiery,
gloves, shoetops, threads and other uc~
cessorie'a required in making up a cos-
tume. The information is therefore.

_ as nearly accurate as it can be, and in—
m u all contribute. it represents
, at ~-,

trades that use color in styling fabrics

or any of the accessories used with"

them.

Every. woman who buys a dress pat-
tern, a suit or a hat, performs her part
in the choice of colors for that season
and therefore becomes partially a part
of the committee for the American
card for that season. She goes to the
store and buys a piece of goods. In
doing so she expresses her particular
liking for a color.
the same, and shortly certain colors
disappear from the retailers’ stocks.
They are obliged to replenish and in
doing so order certain colors
their wholesaler’s. Soon his stock is
gone and he must order from the man-

ufacturer and when his supply is ex- I

hausted he must go to the dyer. When
the committee in charge of the duty of
selecting the colors for the season he-
gins work, they have a record of the
color you chose for a new gown, as
well as that of your neighbors.’ And
shortly out of what appears a chaos of
information comes something ap-

proachng order, and this ultimately ~

takes shape in a preponderance of cer-
tain colors and shades.

On the other hand, information is
available upon the colors you didn’t
buy so that procedure is made more
certain, The experts anew nothing to
escape them, and out of the mass of
colors chosen and no end of recommen-
dations and suggestions they ﬁnally
make their choice of thirty or forty
shades" selected, expressing the prefer-
ence of thousands of American women
as shown in their purchases. The bits
of fabric are dyed, fastened to the
cards circulated among the manufac-
turers and the card for the season is
complete. It is partly yours and you
will do well to follow it in making your
choice this season.

Its beneﬁt is manifold, but what con-
cerns women who buy cloth for cos-
tumes and accessories most is that
they can buy in their own store and
match perfectly in another, even
though the continent divide them. Each
color is given a name which in most
cases is fairly descriptive, and a num-
ber which represents the colors and
their proportions used in compounding.
By knowing this name and number one
may match perfectly anything one
wants without the troublesome neces-
sity of comparing. The experience is
in the card, and the name and number
will accomplish automatically what
many have never been able to do, even
with the closest scrutiny.

This is wholly an altruistic enter-
prise. The color committee serves
without pay and aside from the execu-
tive staff no one draws a penny for do-
ing the work. It is, therefore, one of
the most perfectly cooperative move-
ments ever inaugurated. Each one
contributes what information he pos-
sesses for the good of all. When the
ﬁrst issue of the American standard
card came out in 1915 it marked the
severance of the relations between the
textile industry of the New World and
the Old. It was the declaration of Am-
erican textile manufacturing independ-
ence.

GOVERNMENT WILL NOT SEIZE
CANNED GOODS. ,

 
A widely circulated statement is to
the effect that the government expects
to take food supplies from families
that have put up in excess of one hun-
dred quarts. The authorities state em-
phatically that no such course has ever
been contemplated by the government.
On the contrary, both the Department
of Agriculture and the Food Admlnlsv
tration are strongly urging housewives

,to can and preserve all surplus fruits

and vegetables in order that the house-

holds themselves may? have a cheap _
, mmﬂentttulsupply of food.

Thousands more do I

from .

THE men: can N‘ r A r. M E r.

the expression of' opinion of all the ,

 
“1‘6 011016
and Columbia Records
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“Ask all the questions
you wish”
SINCE you are the one to be satisﬁed,

the Columbia dealer wants you to go
the limit and ask all the questions about
the Columbia Grafonola you wish—the
more the better.

Learn the joy of buying a Grafonola
the Columbia way. N o hurry. N o rush.
Listen to as many records of your own
selection as you wish. Play them on the
diflcrcnt Columbia models.

Columbia dealers welcome a com-
parison of the Columbia with any instru-
ment in the world because they know
that in a test of this kind the Grafonola
always appears at its best.

Columbia Grafonolas are made in a large
number of models, with the widest range
of price: in the phonograph field.

la
;,,..§ , ll

Columbia Graphophone Company. New York

 
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ONE THIRD TO ONE HALF

FORDS AND

 
One-third to one-half MORE MILE-
AGE and POWER can be secured
from cheapest grade of gasoline or
even half gasoline and half kerosene.

START EASY
IN COLD WEATHER

Start your motor instantly and move off at

once. even in zero weather. with no ‘pop-

ping”. spitting" or missing." END Dyour
uretor troubles.

We ﬁt any car without changing present

manifold or throttle connections.

K your dealer. If he can ’t supply 011.
write us direct. sending his name an the
name and model of your car.

30 per cent of! list price wheren
representative le already appointed.
In about our 30 day trial otter.
Dealers, garagesa and repair shops make greater
proﬁts and ive more satisfaction s11 plyin
FR CARB BREU mg a n§_

  
“cries y can ndle.

'I'IIE Alli FRICTION
CARBIIIIETOII 00.

1. lOSIedison St..Dayton,o.
Man acturm of Carburet-
ors orpleasurecarn.tr1wh
tors and motor beau.

SMTieedv.to
your on eror
repairman.

 
Big tractor

 
—— l i t t l 6

battery—-

t h e o n e

can’t run

wi t h o u t

the other. Mann-1 fog—”3M0"
National Carbon Co. GENERALIGNITION

Cleveland. Ohio - Muuhetured .
Inhnestoclr spring-clip bind- MONA]- CARBON m
In poets. no extra charge. cuzvulmmonw .

(

  
15y hon

Clear your stump lend
cheaply -—no digging. no
expense or teams and

wder. One man with e

can rip out any stump
that can be pulled with the
best inch steel cable.

Works by Ieverege— same
principle as a inclr. OO‘rémnd
pull on the lever given a

onthe stump. Made of the
nest onsteeI-- uerznteed b,eEJeinset
breekege.
Government ugaumd

4..

Write today for special
offer and free booklet on
Land Clearing.

Walter J. Fitzpatrick , ,
Box 202

182 Fifth Street
51111 Francisco
California .4.

 
Showin;
any Iron
operation

HAND POWER.

Stump

 
Final Grain and Iran Elmlor mﬁh":‘3‘"§i§iﬁ

did territory. Net profits“.
nually. Account being away on 0%)0l10r business will con

sider active partner to run elevator. Will sell on terms
01ft trade for! arm. This is e wonderful opportunity to
nose. Proposition will bear

d ins ctio on
ELEVAToniibMP L331! GeodeIIS. 111011.

 
~ halal I 111111. In 12.31:“...121. ° 25.0%.. Mr:
V inter meﬁgx able to handlehe

Good salary to right.
M. can Michigan Farmer. Detroit, Mich.

' m M11111» camiiumm

  
ALL OTHER CARS

 
Danish cooperative
- By jAs. N.

HE bodily form with whichgcoop-
erative movements should be
clothed is of rather more import-
ance, than generally understood. Just
as soon as a number (if persons are im~
bued with the spirit of acting as a unit
then they must become a body corpor-
ate, and their rights and privileges are
deﬁned by the state under its laws.

Michigan has several laws for the
grouping of cooperators to choose from.
Three of those acts are for capital
stock plans. There are provisions for
limiting stock control, for proxy vot-
ing and of dividends and sharing of
earnings after the dividends have been
paid. The act of 1903 is, however, the
only one that permits full freedom of
action from the possibilities of prose-
cution under the Sherman anti-trust
laws, when there is any concerted ac-
tion with similar organizations. This
act also is most susceptible to the em-
ployment of the Danish plans of coop-
eration, viz., the use of- collective cred-
it rather than that of collective capital.

It is well to understand that there is
a community of interest in cooperative
persons,iacting in their corporate ca-
pacities, as seen in the meetings of the
live stock shipping associations and of
cooperative elevators. This is just as
natural as any other business function,
and almost indispensable. At this point
arises the distinction that congress has
laid down in the Clayton amendment
to the Sherman anti-trust law. It was
the puzzle of the best judicial minds
of the country how to draw the legal
lines that would'keep the sheep of ag-
ricultural organizations from the goats
with trust inclinations and all within a
corporation form. Any organization
with capital stock and existing for
proﬁt had all the possibilities that
might be utilized for combinations in
restraint of trade. 80- the language of
the Clayton amendment to the Sher-
man law reads: “Agricultural or
Horticultural corporations not organiz-
ed for proﬁt and not having capital
stock should be exempt from the pro-
visions of the Sherman act." Many
have not seen that it was the intent to
merely extend the producer’s power to
selling as an incident to production
and not as a main feature and apart
from agriculture. If a farmer went
into the business as an investment or
even as the main part of his business,
then he should take his place with oth-
er corporations.
immunity of the Clayton amendments
is that proﬁts must be declared on the
basis of products sold and not on cap-
ital stock. This distinction when once
clearly understood makes it extremely
desirable to properly classify agricul-
tural organizations.

The desire to play the game on the
lines of big business with capital stock
and dividends and yet wa‘ht to be in
the immune class places agriculture in
the embarrassing position of always
wanting special favors. It is the fail-
ure to see that the products or needs
of the farm is to make the farm more
proﬁtable and that the investment out-
side the farm just as soon as one feels
that the corporation is the proﬁtable
thing, capital stock and dividends,-are
of the ﬁrst concern. When one can
see the other viewpoint he is a farmer
ﬁrst and the more products he puts
through the cooperative concern then
the more proﬁts he has and then the
distinction is clear what the lawmak-
ers had in view. The law does not
recognize any ﬁfty-ﬁfty split of stock
and limitations of ownership or ‘divi-

“’1’ (lends, with the genuine conception of-

cooperation as connected with the
farm, and the proﬁts being based en-
tirely on the service that the farm fur-
nishes to the business. '

operation a safe place for democracy
if it is demratlcrbut it it is? ‘

 
(e.

The acid test of the'

The Clayton amendment makes (10-.-

  
Plans for Michigan 1~

MCBRIDE

ARTICLE I.

to control of stock and manipulation,

and is for gain on the basis of stock'

owned or controlled, it is still unsafe
and not immunized. How, then, can a
cooperative organization be started and
kept operating without shares of stock
or at least, money to do business on
or with?

The Danes solved this problem and,
in fact, furnished the experience and
rules that were laid down in. the im-
munizing act. The ﬁrst bond of a co-
operative concern is a membership fee
usually quite nominal which may be
made annual or to be paid only once.
The membership fees for small con-
cerns pays the overhead expenses and
clerical work of the enterprise. Larger
and the greater number of enterprises
pay but once and the usual member-
ship is $5.00. Then the estimated
needs‘of the concern are gauged by
its organization, and the amount of
credit is determined.

Suppose that $10,000 is needed; then
100 men give their individual non-inter-
est bearing collateral notes for $100
each, and when the concern needs this
money in whole or in part a note of the
corporation is given and these collat-
eral notes used as security only. Each

Illllll||I!“|”HilllllIHilllllllllllllllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllilI|llllIlllI|IIIlIHilllllllIllllllllllllllllllllll

This article by Michigan’s
efficient Market Director is the
first of a series on “Basic Ag—
ricultural Economics.” Read
it carefully and think of the
things Mr. McBride says in
connection with your own com-
munity; then watch for Arti-
cle II, on “Price Determine-y
tipn," which will appear in an
early. issue.

lllllllIIIHIIIllllIIHIIHHIHHIIIHIHIII||IIHllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllilI|IIIIllIllIlIllllllléllllllillillllllll

individual is held only to the extent of
his individual note. He has loaned his
credit to the enterprise, and has not
taken it out of his business. For ex-
ample, if a car of feed is bought, the

collateral notes are put in the. bank.

the cash discount secured, the pay col-
lected and the bank repaid on the loan
and the collateral notes Ietuined to
the corporation to be used on the next
occasion. .

On an elevator proposition where
there is an investment and real prop-
erty to be bought the plan is followed,
a mortgage running to the local bank
is executed with a portion of the notes
hypothecated as additional security
and the balance used for operating ex~
penses. A sinking fund is provided and
if the business is successful the mort-
gage discharged. The membership cer-
tiﬁcates then represent a value and
are salable. There is, however, no in-
centive for any one not engaged in ag-
riculture to buy them, since they pay
no dividends, and are transferred usu-
ally with the sale of the farm to which
they are part of the personal property
or machinery for selling. The corpor-
ation usually buys in these member-
ships as a matter of accommodation
and reissues them to new members.

The distinction here again is noted
of the maintenance of the relation of
the actual farm to its selling agency,
rather than the tendency of the owner-
ship __to become a thing apart from the
farms it was initiated to serve. A cen-
dition is conceivable that the business

by. reason of greatly increased real es-.

tat‘e values might have its membership
certiﬁcates vastly more than face val-
ue, and if the business were dis‘sdl-ved
the distribution of assets would be on

this :basigebut that is an earning en-
tirely apart from thesoope oil-business
.11 Was ehartered to 'do. All theipbssi-
.bilities
change the. character of the corpora- ‘
’tion is avoided by the Danish prim: " .4 g
' a .— . amand‘se"*netmt~tes

of clique manipulation to

situation of this, sort can be arranged
by taking out a certiﬁcate :of deposit

and using this, in place of the individu- '
al’s‘not'e and; paying him the interest

arising from that certiﬁcate. It is, how—
ever, best not to take the capital out of

the productive business to put into the '

distributing end, and is much easier
to loan credit than to put up cash‘for
stock. Banks as a rule are very glad
of this form of collateral security.
There is one note with gilt edge col~
lateral back of it. It practically
amounts to a community issuing bonds
in their corporate capacity. Eventu-
ally the sinking fund'retires the loan
and the business hypothecated by
mortgage may be sufﬁcient for; secur—
ity. Michigan is pointed out in a. cir—
cular issued by the United States De-
partment of Agriculture as having this
very desirable law. To cooperative or:
ganizations seeking the use of this ma.-
chinery the following form of collat—
eral note is in use: -
Non- Interest Collateral Bearing Note.
No.. ........
.................... '. 19 . . .

Amount Forty Dolla1s
Also Limit of Liability
Time Limit of Note, 3 years from date.

For the purpose of securing credit
for The Livingston Cooperative Asso-
ciation, being an organizat on incorpor-
ated under the laws of he State of
Michigan, and for value received, I,
the undelsigned, promise to pay and
hereby make and am ﬁrmly bound unto
said organization or its assigns in the
sum of Forty Dollars and authorize the
use of this negotiable non- -in‘3rest
bearing note to be used as coll; 1ezal
to such indebtedness, and payao e on
demand in case of non-payment of any
note or notes constituting such ih‘d’ebt-
edness and secured he1 cm

The limit of liability of this note is
in no case to exceed tony dollars, and
shall be returned to the maker or his
assigns at a date not later than three

.years, providing there is no liability

contingent or othelwise, on account of
the guarantee which this note supplies
I authorize the use of this demand
note to remain in the custody of any
bank or banker to establish a line of
credit, under the terms and conditions
as above set forth.

............................

MICHIGAN FARMERS COOPERATE.

 
Washtenaw county farmers have
formed the Ann Arbor Dairy Company,
with $35,000 capital and about seventy
stockholders. The ofﬁcers are: ,Presio
dent, George McCalla; vice-president,
Anthony Braun; secretary-treasurer,
Carl Braun; directors, the oﬁ’icers, C.
F. Staehler and F. H. Ticknor. The
company will, handle milk, butter,
cheese and other dairy products in
Ann Arbor.

The Farmers’ Elevator Company at
Portland, Ionia county, has paid off an
indebtedness of $3,200 carried over
from last year, and this year’s proﬁt
of $800 has been placed in the sinking
fund. .0. W. Peake was re-elected as
manager. '

Genesee county farmers have Opened
a cooperative elevator at Mt. Morris
and have hired I. N. Beach as mana-
ger. The ofﬁcers are: President, S.
V. Johnson; vice-president, Howard
Cox; secretary, N. Murphy, Jr.; treas-
urer, Clark Hill.

Oakland county farmers living near
Holly have formed the Holly Coopera—
tive Produce Company, and will either
build or buy an elevator at Holly The
directors are J. F. Joslyn, C. J. Lane,
Ralph Fuller, W. J. Wolfe, J. 0. Mc-
Ginnis and Roy D. Thayer.

Shiawassee county farmers have.
formed a company and purchased an
elevator at Durand The ofﬁcers are:
President, E. Judson; vice-president
E. C. Roberts; secretary-treasurer, C.
E. Ackerman.

The Saginaw County Farmers’ Coop—
cratiVe

    
-’ L y -.
cash and be done with the matter. A‘

Association will enlarge its; ~ ;
plant at Saginaw for the manufacture I

.421 * “it ‘ ' ‘

      
7"
.,_,

m.

 
FR‘U‘lT AND VEGETABLE MAR-
KETS.

 
The following information on jabbing
prices and shipments is for the United
States for the period of October 16-23,

, inclusive.

— Apple Prices Continue Firm.

Yorke are jobbing at $4.25 to $5.25
per barrel 011 most markets although
bringing its much as $6 on some of the
southern markets. Jonathans are job-
bing from $4 to $7 per barrel though
mostly $5 to $6.25. Waishington Jona-
thans are Selling at $1.75 to .5250 per
box. These prices are all about the
same :as a week ago with a ﬁrm ten-
dency. The shipments of apples in-
creased about 350 cars over those of a
week ago. Washington with 1,606 cars
moved, continues to be by far the beav-
iest shipping state. The movement in-
creased from Virginia, New York, Mis—
souri and Arkansas.

' Onion Prices Advance.

F. o. b. prices for Massachusetts on-
ions advanced during the past week
from $3 to $3.25 and $3.40 per 1004b.
sack. Jobbing prices are accordingly
higher. Ohio stock is jabbing at $3.35
to 3.175 or about 25 cents higher than a
week ago, prices have advanced despite
heavier movement of the crop. Mas-
sachusetts especially is now shipping
heavier with more than twice as many
cars moved this week as a week ago.
California, New (York and Ohio also
shipped heavier.

Potato Market Unoettled.

Presque Isle potatoes are selling f. o.
b. at $4 to $4.25-per 11-peck measure,
which is aboutwthe same price as was
received a (week ago. However, dur—
ing the week prices advanced as high
as $5 and are now declining. The sit-
uation in Presque Isle has {been prac-
tically duplicated in the other import-
ant potato producing sections, that is,
prices have advanced steadily during
the past week, reaching the tOp nlitch
during the middle of the week and are
now declining. Jobbing prices have

- followed somewhat the same course.

a

 
New Jersey Giants are now jabbing at
$3.75 to $4. 25 per ISO-lb. sack, while
Minnesota stock is going at $1.25 to
1.65 per bushel, and Wisconsin about
$1.40 to 1.65 per bushel. The shipments

of potatoes amounted to over 1000 cars ’

per day during three days this past

week. The movement was heavier from

Maine, Michigan and Minnesota.
Other Fruits avnd Vegetables.

The peach season is practically over.
Only about 300 cars were shipped this
past week, which is 500 less than a
week ago. New York is the only state
shipping in any quantity and the crop
is practically all moved from that
state. Up to-date, New York has ship-
ped 7,185 cars or nearly 2,200 more

than for the corresponding period last ,

year.

moving heavier but New £91k ship-‘

ments vdeclined this week. Minnesota} ,

Came .into prominence with a move-é
ment 10f about 200 cars as compared
with a very few cars up to this time;
Prices have tidy anced New York stock
is ,selling.at(.$30 to $45 .per ton as com-f
pared with “$28 to $35 a week ago. ‘

Celery appearing in large quantities;
on most markets. Shipments from New
York were double those of .a week ago.

Colorado and Michigan, the other lax ge' '

celery mstates moved about the some
amount as a week ago. .

wPears.—-—The total movement .of'
pearsds-about the sameas a week ago.
However, Michigan doubled their ehip-
ments with resulting- lower :prices 10-1

cally. Kieffersore reported as selling .
f. o. 'b. Michigan at 80 to .85 cents mar; '
bushel compared with $1 a weak'a'go. : '

. commie: To momma

“Any plan to promote saving, lowei- 9

ins mines and increasing quality to

mmkaﬂmsht”~saidzc mimosa
’ 3211:1211 “141855811111th ”811113011101. .

Cabbage. ——The Wisconsin crop is"

 
,j'Markets, in a talk on me Organization

of dairy cooperating marketing asso-
(nations, judged under the rights of the
Clayton Act. “But to organize just to
boost prices is wrong. ” In other words,

Mr. Bassett believes that the object of-
cooperative marketing cannot legiti-v
mately be price ﬁxing, but that its 1e-'
gitimate object is to effect savings in:

methods of marketing-

 
WlLL STDP SHlPPlﬂ'G POULTRY "1!-

I CE.

 
That
reaches its destination in much better

order than the wet, ice-packed product

is shown, the United States Depart-

ment of Agriculture states, by reports.

which are reaching it from various
markets. The specialists of (the de-
partment recently studied shipments

of chilled dry-packed poultry and wet;

ice-packed poultry which had been

Shipped in the same car. The dry-pate -'
ed birds were in excellent condition,"

while the wetepacked were unﬁt for
use on arrival at destination. The dry-

packed product stands delays in transit '

far better than the ice-packed, espe-
cially during warm weather.
A number of packers, at the instance

of the department, have changed from‘

wet to dry packing. A number of oth-
ers who have given the dry method ,a
trial report that the results were supe~
rior to the old system but conditions
prevent changing at present.

 
NEI'GH BORH 00 D STORING.

 
The Wisconsin State Council of De-
fense has approved a plan that is be-
ing carried out in Marathon county. A
canning company in that county has
offered its warehouse to the farmers
and gardeners for storage purposes.
This building has been available since
September 1.
perature and someone is there on spec-
iﬁed days in the week to receive goods
and receipt for Withdrawals. By utiliz-
ing a neighborly community plan, pro-
duce will thus be safely stored at a
slight cost to the grower.

The plan might well be copied else-
where and so the idea is passedalOng.

chilled drp-packed poultry:

It is kept at proper tem- ‘

 
Use A Your Gas Engine

All Winter

 
JOHN
 FhEEZE

 
SON’S
“PROOF

AT the close of a day’ 5 work it is not necessary to drain-

the water jacket of your engine.

Johnson’ 5 Freeze-

Proof will prevent the water from freezing in the cold-_

est weather.
stationary or gas engine, tractor
harmless.
packing or metal of any kmd.

Economical and Easy

Johnson’s Freeze-Proof is a most
economical anti-freeze compound. It
is very easy to use —-—si1nply (11,50va
in water and pour into the water jacket.
One package Is sufﬁcient to prevent

als. of water from freezing at
5° be ow zero. For a larger quantity
of water or to protect to a lower tem-
perature use additional Freeze- Proof.

For Your Automobile

Johnson’s sFreeze—Proof 1s univer-
sally used by automobilists to prevent
their radiators from freezing. One
package is sufﬁcient to protect a Ford
to 5° below zero.

Johnson‘ 3 Frtvzez.c -Proof is put up in packages
containing 61/6 lbs. not which retail at $1. 50
(3:11:11 1n U. S. A. Insist upon your dealer sup-
plying you. It is readily procurable as prac-
tically all jobbers have it in stock. If your
dealer cannot supply you we will ﬁllyour order
direct by prepaid Parcel Post to pomts 1n U 8A.,
East of the Rockies. Use attached coupon.

S. C. JOHNSON 81 SON Dept. 170 Racine.WiI
Es tnblisl 1ccl 1882

You need have no hesitancy about using it 111 your

or automobile for it is absolutely .

Johnson’s Freeze—Proof does not injure rubber, cloth, ..
It does not rust or corrode metal.

Does Not Evaporate

Johnson’ 8 F reezc -Proof does not

evaporate with the water. One appli-

cation is sufﬁcient for the whole wmter
——yo11 can even say e it and use it again

next winter if you wish. As evapora-
tion takes plate you simply add more
water—wthe Freeze—Proof you originally

Used remains in the water jacket. ‘
Johnson’s Freeze- Proof raises the boil-

ing point of water 12° to 35°

.--—-——-'—USE THISCOUPON—u-u—u

S. C. Johnson & Sam-Dept. 170 Racine. Wis. '
I enclose $1. 50 for which please send me
by prepa: d Parcel Post 0: 11: p ickage of
Johnson' 8 Freeze—Proof which willkeop 3V
gals. 01 water from freczingat 5°below zero.

 
Name .................................
Address ............... 0...... ........
Cityts‘Stalc ................ .......~ .....
My Dealeris ............... j ........ ...- '

 
WE. PAY HIGHEST PRICES

tor hides. furs. scrap, rubber of 1 ll (lose iptious, scrap
metal..rngs, scrap iron. Bone :. Duper. mu. 011-. Write
101' our price list and shipping tugs

229-~E.5.~4th Ht ..

 
The Peoples Trading (311., (thicugoJll.

“11pm top piicles for Skunk. Mink.

M'uskmti 111'th all raw Furs. Price 1151
WJ‘ 'J 'l &S()NS.

1:11‘1)VV()1()II). JN. - DEPT. ll.

Mention Mich. Farmer when writing adv't’s

 
{Champion
Hemﬁtm

w 1. ’P-r‘icemﬂs
1 1‘ ‘

 
irrityry
‘11111111

' \\ $13M Engine Motor Trudi

spark plugs especially

requirements.

there is a Champion S

Plug especially designed for it.

Champion Spark Plug Company
Toledo, Ohio
Motor Cycle Tractor Motor Ci!

 
You Would Not Hitch
A Race Horse to a Plow!

Diﬁerent engines demand
signed to meet their speciﬁc

No matter .what type or
make of engine you have,

 
Champion Spark Plugs are i
proven superior for station~
a'ry engines, tractors, auto— .
mobiles, motor trucks and A
motor cycles.

Avoid substitutes by look-
ing for the name Champion
on the porcelain.

.de-

park

 
énmmnummlmuumlmnuumummunIsInmnunmmnIIimlmnnmnHMMIu'l_
, Markets.
IllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllll|lllllllllﬂlllllllllllmllmllllllllﬂlilllm =9“ ”7

GRAINS AND SEEDS

October 30, 1917.

WHEAT.-——There is very little
change in the wheat marketing situa-
tion except possibly some increase in
the amount of the grain farmers are
bringing to the local elevators. \A year
ago the local price for No. 2 red wheat
was $1.88 per bushel. Prices remain
$2.17 for No. 2 red; $2.15 for No. 2
white; $2.15 for No. 2 mixed.

CORN.—The movement of corn has
been‘interfered with by unfavorable
weather conditions but in spite of the
rains the new crop is now arrivmg at
Missouri river points, which aided the
bears in holding down values in the
big markets on Monday of this week.
The information is being forced upon
the trade that the crOp is in a muc
poorer condition than had been
thought, and now many believe that
the amount of merchantable corn WlII
fall well down to the yield of 1916.
Great quantities of immature and poor-
ly cured corn are being fed upon the
farms. A year ago the price for No. 3
corn on the local market was $1243 per
bushel. Last week’s Detroit quota-
tions were:

      
N0. 3 N o. 3
Mixed. Yellow.
Wednesday ........ 2.08 2.10
Thursday .......... 2.13 2.15
Friday ............. 2.17 2.19
Saturday ........... 2.18 2.20
Monday ............ 2.19 2.20
Tuesday ..... _. . . ; . . 2.19 2.20
Chicago—Dec. $118773; Jan. $1.16;

May $1.13 73.

OATS—Domestic demand is absorb-~
ing current deliveries with the help of
occasional buying spurts by exporters.
Prices are steady at higher ﬁgures
than ruled last week. Farmers are
marketing the grain a little more free-
ly. A year ago the price paid here for
standard oats was 561/2c per bushel.
Last week’s Detroit quotations were:

No. 3
Standard. White.
Wednesday ............ 62 V; 62
Thursday ............. 63 62 1/2
Friday ................ t 2”. 62 176
Saturday .............. (10' 62 1/2
Monday ............... 63 62 1/2

Tuesday 62 611/2
Chicago—Dec. 585/3c; May 601/30.
RYE.~—Business is on a small scale

with price ﬂuctuations within narrow

margins. Cash No. 2, $1.80 per bushel.

BEANS.——The federal government’s
announcement of the price it would
pay for beans for the army up to No-
vember 15 was a blow to prices over
the country and on Monday following
the Detroit quotation dropped 50 cents.

Cash beans are now quoted at $8.25.

:‘ Saturday’s price on the Chicago mar-
' ket was $9@9.25 for Michigan pea

beans, hand-picked. It is believed that
further inquiry into the condition of
this year’s crop will lead the ofﬁcials
to adjust prices for army supplies up-
ward after November 15.

SEEDS.—Prime red clover spot and
March $15; alsike $13.40; timothy at
$3.75 per bushel.

FLOUR AND FEEDS

FLOUR—Jobbing lots in one-eighth
paper sacks are selling on the Detroit
market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best
patent $11.50; seconds $11.40; straight
$11.10; spring patent $12.10; rye ﬂour
$11.20 per bbl.

FEED.——In 100—lb. sacks jobbing lots
are: Bran $36; standard middlings
$39; ﬁne middlings $42; cracked corn
$80.50; coarse corn meal $75; corn and
oat chop $60 per ton.

HAY.—«In carlots at Detroit:
timothy $22.50@23; standard timothy
$21.50((})23; No. 2 timothy $20.50@21;
light mixed $21.50@22; No. 1 clover
$16.50@17. a

Pittsburg—N0. 1 timothy $26.50@

, 27 a ton; No. 2 timothy $24.50@25.50;
No. 1 light mixed $25(ci225.50; No. 1 clo-
ver, mixed $25@25.50; No. 1 clover
' $25.50@26.

STRAW.—In carlots on the track at
Detroit: Rye straw $9.50@10; Wheat
and oat straw $8.50@9.

DAIRY PRODUCTS

BUTTER—The market is liberally
supplied and easy. Fresh creamery
ﬁrsts 40@401/2c; fresh cr’eamery extras
41@411,§c. -

E1gln.——Values higher, and receipts
are decreasing. One lot offered at 43c,

, which seems to represent present con-

' , ditions. -

4 . Chicago.—Prices are practically un-
* changed, and trading is only of a mod’

_ crate character. Creamery extras are

, noted at 430; packing, stock 34%@350.

 
”f mum '_ no. crs;

N0. 1,

 
P0 U LT RY.—-(Live) .——Poultry mar-
ket is quoted steady with a fair deinand
for best grades. Best spring chickens
20@210; hens 18@21c; ducks 24@25c;
geese 18Q1420c; turkeys 24@25c.

Chicago.-——There is a fair demand
and offerings are quite liberal. Fowls
sell at 1‘4@141/2c; spring chickens at
171/2c; ducks 16@170; geese 16@17c;
turkeys, good 23c.

EGGS.———The egg market is ﬁrm and
fresh ﬁrsts were quoted at 39@4lc.

Chicago—Market lc higher for best
lots. Fresh Michigan ﬁrsts sell for 37
@38c; ordinary ﬁrsts 36@37c; miscel-
laneous lots, cases included 36@371/2c.

F RUITS—VEGETABLES

APPLES.———(Oct. 29).——There were 50
cars of apples 0n Detroit tracks Mon-
day morning. No early sales were re-
ported. Cleveland trade is paying $2.25
@250 per cwt. for Baldwins and $7 a.
barrel for fancy Jonathans. Chicago

 
11 market is steady with demand good.

Best Jonathans were selling at $6@
6.25; Winesaps $5 for the best; Ben
Davis, orchard run $2.50@3. The move-
ment is slow at Pittsburg with prices
ranging from $5@6 for fancy grades.
' GRAPES—(Oct. 29).—C0ncords sold
on the Detroit market Monday morning
at 210 in unlabeled 4—qt. baskets. Chi-
cago is paying 18@19c .for the same
grade and measure. Cincinnati 210;
Pittsburg 21@23c. At VVestﬁeld, N.

Y., Concords sold at 20c for 4-qt. bas-'

kets and $56@60 per ton in 20-lb. Jum-
bo baskets. At Benton Harbor, Mich.,
Concords in 4-qt. baskets 171420; 20—lb.
Jumbo baskets $50 per ton.

POTATOES—(Oct. 29).——There were
79 cars of potatoes on the Detroit mar-
ket on Monday morning. Round whites
sacked sold at $1.38 per bushel. Michi-
gan round whites were selling on the
New York market in 10-pk. sacks at
$3.50, and at Pittsburg at $1.65 per
bushel in bulk. The Cleveland trade
were buying the same grade at $4.25
per 10-pk. sack.

Shipinents.—-The daily shipments for
the country last week averaged well
around the thousand carload mark. The
heavy shipping states were Maine, New
York, Michigan, Wisconsin and Minne-
sota.

Shipping point information: Market
was weak at Grand Rapids with round
whites f. o. b. carloads bulk, $2.10 per
cwt. The Goldwater price for the same
grade was $1.35@1.43 per bushel. Min-
nesota growers are getting $1.05@1.10
per bushel from wagons. Wisconsin
farmers are paid $1.50@1.60 per cwt.
from wagons at sidetrack. Up in Maine
Green Mountains are bringing $3.50@
3.75 per 11-pk. units from the farmers
wagons.

CABBAGE—(Oct. 29).——Prices are
ruling higher than a week ago. Farm-
ers are receiving $30@34 per ton at
loading points in New York for domes-
tic, and $36@40 for Danish.

0NlONS.-——(Oct. 29).—-The move-
ment of this crop is very slow, attribut-
ed largely to weather conditions and
lack of cars. The market, however, is
ﬁrm and at Detroit on Monday of this
week yellows sold at $3.75 per 100-lb.
sacks. On the city market the price
for good stock was $2 per bushel.

GRAND RAPIDS

Prices to growers per 100 lbs. for po~
tatoes, round whites, during the past
week, as reported to the government
assistant in market surveys, stated at
Grand Rapids, were mostly $1.65 at
Cadillac and points s0uth and $1.50@
1.65 in Traverse City and Petoskey sec-
tions. .Total car shipments out of
Michigan up to'October 27 reached
1560 cars, with heaviest shipments of
late to Pittsbur and Detroit. Very
few beans are 0 ered and recent rains
have badly damaged the crop. Beans
are quoted on hand-picked basis at $8
@875 per cwt. ‘ .

DETROIT CITY MARKET

The rain and cold keptfarmers and
consumers from the market Tuesday
morning, resulting in a smaller volume
of business. Potatoes $1.50@1.65; pars-
nips $1.50; cabbage $1.10@1.25; cauli-
ﬂower $2; . onions $2; carrots 75c;
eggs 60c; fowls $230; no hay in sight.

LIVE STOCK

BUFFALO. . '
October 29, .1917.
Receipts here today as follows: Cat-
tle 5,300; hogs 12,400; sheep 7,000;
calves 1,300 head. .
With 5,300 cattle here today the qual-
ity was very.poor and what few good
cattle were here sold unevenly higher.
Bulk of the shipping cattle and, best
grades of. butcher cattle 30111125 50c

 
_, . whf'hty .

sold, unevenly .sher. but in, .
and commOn and canners were very
slow and lower. The bulk‘of the best-
canners sold around $4.75, with the
throwoutsidown as low as $3.25. There
was a good strong demand for all the
bulls and stockers and feeders and they
sold at‘strong prices. We look for a
fair run of cattle here next week and a.
good trade on anything that is fat.

Our receipts of hogs were somewhat
lighter than\a week ago, but 12,400
head on sale. Market got away to a
good start at prices ranging from 10(a)
20c higher than Saturday and close"
ﬁrm with a good clearance. A few'od'd
bunches of hogs sold from $16.85@17
and a fair sprinkle from $16.60@16.75,
with the bulk around $16.50; pigs and
lights $14.50@.15; roughs $15@15.25.
Stags $13@14. It looks like a good
market for the next few days, but
would not buy anything to sell at any
higher prices. 8

With a moderate run of lambs today
our market opened up slow and prices
35c lower" than the close of last week.
About three loads unsold and we look
for steady prices last of the week, to
possiblyshade higher. _ ,

We quote: Lambs $16.35@ 6.50; cull
to common $12@16; yearlings $12.50@
14.50; wethers $11.50@11.75; ewes $11
@1150; bucks $7@9; best calves at
$14.25@14.50; common and light $11@
14; heavy $10@13; grassers $6@7.

CHICAGO. ‘
October 29, 1917.

' - Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.
Receipts today..34,000 28,000 20,000
Same day 1916..27,270 59,291 31,261
Last week ...... 74,253 112,883 109,541
Same wk 1916...83,248 226,137 134,327

This week starts off with large re-

 
ceipts of cattle, including upward of

6,000 northern rangers. Desirable
steers and butcher stock went at
steady prices, some choice steers sell-
ing at $16.85@17, but other kinds were
very slow and looked 10@20c lower.
Hogs were active and 10@15c higher,
with a moderate supply, the best going
at $16.75. Hogs received last week av-
eraged 208 pounds. Sheep and lambs
sold at about steady prices.

The recent enormous break in cattle
prices because of record receipts caus-
ed owners in many instances to hold
back supplies last week, resulting in

better prices, sales being largely 75c@

$1 per cwt. higher. Steers grading as
good sold at $13.75 and upward, medi-
um grade $12 and upward. Ordinary
steers of light weight sold at $9 and
upward, with scattering sales of in-
ferior little steers on the canning order
as low as $5.40@6.50. Yearlings $15.50
@17 for the better class, good year-
lings $13.50 and over, and sales ranged
all the way down to $10@11 for ordi-
nary lots. The great bulk of the steers
sold largely at $8.85@13.5U. Butcher
stock shared in the sharp advances,
cows going at $6.50@9.25, and heifers
at $5.75(a'12.50, while cutters brought
$5.50@6.45, canners $5@5.45 and bulls
$5.75@10.50. Calves were slow at low-~
er prices, with light vealers purchased
at $13@15.25 and sales down to $55061)
9.50 for the common to choice heavy
weights. Western range cattle were
active at better prices, steers selling at
$7.25@14.50 and sales down to $5.40@
6 for canners. There was a much high-
er market for stockers and feeders,
with smaller offerings. Stockers found
buyers at $6.25@10, yearlings being
the highest sellers, while feeders sold
at $8.25@12. . ‘

Hogs had declined in price recently
so enormously that receipts showed a
marked falling off in volume last week.
By this means the decline was checked
and some fair-sized upward movements
in prices took place. More stable mar-
kets are needed to encourage farmers
to produce hogs. Sharp declines or
sharp advances tend to make owners
of pigs undecided what course'to fol-
low, and just now owners of hogs re-
quire encouragement to hold on. The
meat shortage is serious, and large
supplies of hogs are going to be need-
ed. Hog receipts in Chicago and other
western markets for the week were’far
smaller in numbers than a year ago.
At the close hogs brought $14.10@
16.75, comparing with $14.50@16.80 a
week earlier, while pigs sold at $12@
14 chieﬂy. Most of the choice hogs
weighed under 250. pounds.

Lambs, yearlings and sheep brought
extremely_high prices for still another
week, even if average prices ruled low:
er than a week earlier. As usual, the
keenest demand was for feeding lambs
from the ranges.‘ Receipts shoWed
marked 'gains in numbers, with 41,163
head arriving Monday. At the week’s
close fat lambs sold mostly 35@50c
lower than a week earlier, with'feeders
largely. 50c off. while breeding ewes
went at $11;50@17.50, whereas a short
timeago the top was $20.- Sheep and
yearling prices showed little change.

Lambs closed at $12.25@17.10,‘f_eeding

lambs: at 8166121775, year-Hugs at$11.60'

higher. in some case’sﬁsc higher. 1» g]tygwﬂnﬁiandcbucks at 38039., ,

 
«1714.25, wethers at $1103.85, ewes at

. The ﬁrst'edit‘lon ,
have not expressedv'raw desire (or, the
latest'markets. The late ~market edi-
3311:; will 'be sent on reuuest at; any

     
DETROIT LIVE STOCK MARKET.

 
Thursday’s Market.
November 1, .1917.
Cattle. '

Receipts2539. Canners 25c higher;

d all others strong at last week’s prices.

Best heavy steers $10@10.50; best
handy weight butcher steers '$9@9.25;
mixed steers and heifers $7@8; handy
llgilt butchers $6.50(a)7; light butchers
$5.75@6.25; .best cows $7.50@8; butch-
er cows $6@6.5% commOn cows $5.80
@6; canners $4.75Ca‘)5.75; best heavy
bulls $7@7.50; bologna bulls $6@7;
stock bulls $5.50@6; feeders $7.50@
8.25; stockers $6.50@7.50; milkers and
sprigners $50@125. '

Bishop, B. &. H. sold Parker, W. &
Co. 63 canners av 863 at $5.50, 10 do
av 950 at $5.50, 23 butchers av 647 at
$6.50, 3 do av 740 a $5.50, 19 do av 684
at $6.35, 4 do av 6 5 at $6.25, 14 do av
800 at $7.25; to Sullivan P. __Co.'4 do
av 712 at $6.25; to Mich. B. Co. 26
steers av 700 at $6.75, 26 .do av 722 at
$6.75, 4 canners av 890 at $5.50, 1 do
wgh 1200 at $5.50, 5 butchers av 830 at
$6.75, 7 do av 1030 at $6.25; to Garber
38 do av 530 at $6.25; to Converse &
B., 2 oxen av 1580 at $8.50, 14 steers
av 838 at $7.50; to Goodgold 22 do av
717 at $6.60; to Ratner 8 do av 790 at
$7; to Parker, W. & Co. 6 do av 950 at
$7.50, 5 do av 680 at $6.50, 4 do av 750
at $7.50, 5 do av 900 at $7.50, 6 canners
av 541 at $5.75, 3 heifers av 583 at
$6.25, 2 do av 720 at $6.50; to Hirsch-
leman'22 steers av 800 at $7; to MiCh.
B. Co. 4 do av 1007 at $8, 14 do av 620
at $6, 3 do av 973 at $8.15, 2 do av 760

at $7.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 6 can-

ners av 943 at $5.50, 4 do av 975 at
$5.50; to Heyman 5 butchers av 640 at
$6, 1 cow wgh 1080 at $6.25, 3 heifers
av 733 at $6.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 4
steers av 887 at $8.15, 2 do av 1250 at
$7.15; to Funkburney 6 do av 721 at
$7.50; to Mason B. Co. 2 steers av 1020
at $8, 2 do av 910 at $7.50. '

McMullen, K. & J. sold Kamman B.
Co. 19 steers av 856 at $8.25; to Ap-
plebaum 12 do av 586 at $6.25; to Con-
verse & B. 4 cows av 950 at $5.35, 6
do av 1041 at $6.25 ; to Sullivan P. Co.
1 canner wgh 1020 at $5.25; to White
2 do av 965 at $5.75, 5 do av 680 at
$5.25, 2 do av 825 at $5, 7 do av 921 at
$5.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 18 butchers
av 800 at $6.75; to Golden 7 do av 736
at $6.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 3 heifers
av 390 at $7, ,4 do av 722 at $6.50, 16
butchers av 872 at $7.15; to Golden 4
do av 750 at $7; to Ratner 6 do av 543
at $6; to Domback 7 do av 444 at $5.75;
to Streville 7 stockers av 636 at $7.50;
to Bray 1 canner wgh 700 at $5.40, 9
do av 740 at $5.60, 1 do wgh 730 at
$5.50; to Heyman 3 heifers ,av 612 at
$6.10; to Brown 16 butchers av 652 at
$6.75, 22 do av 627 at $7, 6 do av 600
at $6.50; to Goose 3 do av 550 at $6, 5
do av 778 at $6.90, 20 do av 535 at $6;
to Hirschleman 8 steers av 831 at
$8.10; to Rattkowsky 6 do av 683 at
$6.75; to Rice 14 feeders ‘av 807 at
$8.25; to Finkbeiner 26 butchers av
600 at $7.25; to Goose 6 do av 640 at $7.

Veal carves.

Receipts 869. Market dull to 50c
lower; heavy and common hard to
sell. Best $14; others $7@12.

Sande], S., B. & G. sold Thompson

3 av 170 at $12, 1 wgh «130 at $14, 2 av
130 at $12, 4 av 175 at $14.50, 2 av 235
at $8, 3 av 130 at $14, 5 av 115 at $10,
3 av 175 at $14.50, 2 av 145 at $13,; to
Youngs 20 av 300 at $7.50; to Rattkow-
sky 3 av 150 at $14, 2 av 110 at $10; to
Nagle P. Co. 17 av 150 at $14;.to Mich.
B. Co. 2 av 150 atl$14, 10 av 169'at $14.

Erwin, S. &' J. sold Sullivan P. Go.
8 av 145 at $13.50; to Rattkowsky 2 av,
160 at $14; 'to Mich. B. Co. 20 av 150
at $14; to Nagle P. Go. 2 av 225 at $9,
2 av 140 at $14; to Thompson 25 av
150 at $14, 2 av 125' at $10; to Good-
gold 20 av 135 at $13.50; to Burnstine
4 av 155 at $14. .

Sheep and Lambs. .

Receipts 4354. Market steady. Best
lambs $16@16.25; fair lambs $15@
15.50; light to-common lambs $13.50@
14.50; fair to good sheep $10@11; culls
and common $6.50@8. ’

, Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Nagle P. 00.
5 sheep av 110 at $10, 5 do av 115 at
$7.50, 45 lambs av 70 at $15.75, 13 do
av 75 at $15.25; to ThompsOn 8 do av
75 at $15; to Parker, W. & Co. 47 do
av 80 at $16, 35 do av 83 at $16; to
Nagle P. Go. 5 sheep av 110 at $9, 12

do av 105 at $8.50, 8 do av 90 at $8.50, ,

9 do av 108 at $8.25, 33 lambs av 55 at
$14.50, 178 do av 73.at $15.50' to
Thompson 48 do av 65 at $16.10; 'to

Nagle P. ‘00. 36 . 0. av 70 at $15.50, 13.

sheep av 105. at 9. .

  
Re eipts,
ert‘h n omw
31 f 1 .« "

g

at to; those wire» '

:Hoasa ’ ‘ , f
5662. - Market 7’25@30,c hi h;

 
h «mi N

.u.‘ ““m‘

 
'A in

      
-. ..F-wrv

 
1:13 ‘3'"

i 9' Report on

 
Michiga

      
by Counties
ln’the-follo'wing table are given the average estimates of crop yieldsforil

,and acreages of tall grains swim in the several counties of Michigan.
yield of corn is given in number of baskets per acre.

11 Crops

  
Sugar beets in tons

and the remaining Crops named in bushels. The acreages of wheat and rye

sown are estimated in the per cent of normal acreages. Estimates were made ‘

by our Special crOp correspondents.

 
Yield Per Acre. Acreage.

. U:

A Q)
a ' B ' ”i s . I +5 H m. I; E;
d .54 39' v: 66 “F: F: .3 > '5 .1: .94 g .5 Cd 43‘ C a.) ‘ﬁ ‘ Q;
“I.” as as am 22‘“ ”games ... es
85 0219: 1:359: m5 055 Sgsmzimv %_ 12:80
Alcona ........... 1’5 9 3 . . I .
Allegan .......... 4 38 86 5 12 7 . 113 113
Alpena ............ 25 80 8 5 , _ 120 100
Antrim ........... 31 20 86 8 . _ 13 101 103
Arenac .......... 40 42 114 6 3 20 9 25 95
Barrv ............ 95 40 100 5 1 10 110 115
Bay A ............ 36 53 91 10 _ _ 14 9 91 105
Branch .......... 42 36 106 7 1 8 _ , 116 115
Benzie ............. 20 100 5 _ _ 10 . , 100 100
Berricn .......... 10 41 58 5 11,5 8 . r 12 115 93
Calhoun . . .5‘8 42 129 10 2 11 .. 95 113
Cass ............. 38 38 84 5 , 1%.) 8 107 102
Charievoi’x ..... . .39 22 92 g _ .. 13 96 91
Cheboygan ....... 2‘6 25 80 3 . , 9 7 144 110
Chippewa .......... 40 60 , . , , , _ _ , 80 70
Clare ............ 12 30 75 7 2 7 5 6 100 120
Clinton ........... 45 39 175 8 1 5 11 90 94
Crawford .......... 15 50 , . 1 12 . _ 100 110
Eaton ............ 56 47 119 7 2 12 10 87 108
Emmet .......... 26 27 105 8 , , 11 _ , 98 101
Genesee .......... 52 55 105 8 11/2 12 90 105
Gladwm ........... 40 200 5 , _ _ , 8 50 120
Gogebic ............ 34 150 , _ _ . _ . . , ,
Gd. Traverse ..... 15 23 106 3 2 15 ' 90 103
Gratiot ........... 55 50 118 8 3/, , , 9 111 105
Hillsdale .. . . . .56 42 85 7 1 13 ,, pg 95
Houghton .......... 30 150 . . .. . . 105 100
Huron ........'.18 34 108 7 2 15 7,5 96 9%
111ng .......... 30 39 92 7 5 3 107 117
Ionia ............. 25 50 165 8 2 12 3 85 110
Iosco ............ 23 28 3 4 . _ 10 5 105 102
Iron ............... 60 150 . . .. .. 150 150
Isabella .......... 25 45 87 8 2 10 7 80 95
Jackson ......... 56 40 95 6 2 12 96 124
Kalamazoo ....... 60 41 90 7 1 8 101 128
Kalkaska ...... 30 23 104 6 3 13 8 104 118
Kent ............. 48 50 107 7 1 . . 83 95
Lake .......... 21 41 99 5 2 6 101 104
Lapeer ........... 38 42 91 9 11/2 9 7 94 91
Leelanaw ........ 38 31 75 8 . . 16 95 100
Lenawee ......... 59 51 139 10 1 . . 115 100
Livingston ....... 45 50 128 6 2 10 8 93 121
Luce ............... 28 35 . . . . . . . .
Macomb ......... 50 35 100 10 10 3 105 100
Mackinac ........ 18 20 150 . . 18 . . 100 100
Mason ........... 65 42 125 8 1 10 . . 108 108
Manistee . . ... . . .32 27 60 7 11/2 12 . . 82 100
Marquette. .......... 23 184 . . . . 5 . . 158 95
Mecosta .......... 10 33 95 5 2 5 ‘,_ 97 110
Midland .......... 30 28 112 7 1 1/2 11 4 115 102
Missaukee ....... 10 31 84 4 2 9 5 134 151
Monroe .......... 40 42 85 9 1 13 8 100 102
Montcalm . . . . .37 35 67 4 1 8 .. 70 115
Montmorency . . . .20 31 78 5 21/2 10 175 165
Muskegon .' ....... 18 27 45 9 . . 5 100 100
Newaygo ......... 28 32 72 7 1 _6 104 105
Oakland .......... 41 37 112 9 . . 10 80 92
Oceans. ..... ’ ..... 36 39 _122 6 - 2 ‘ 8 115 113
Ogemaw . . . . .36 38 108- 8 2 20 103 115
Ontonagon . .. ....... 29 112 . . 1 . . 185 125
Osceola . . ........ 15 37 47 5 1% 9 89 122
Oscoda ............. 30 100 5 5 10 100 85
Otsego ............. 25 75 . . . . 10 159 150
Ottawa ....... -. . .27 37 79 ~ 6 11,4 3 7 105 105
Presque' Isle . . .25 32 95 7 3 25 . . 101 109
Roscommon ...... 55 32 72 10 . . 10 . . 90 92
Sanilac . .' ........ 31 44 81 6 3 12 6 92 99
Saginaw ......... 40 38 108 7 . . 10 9 91 95
Shiawassee ..... :50 37 125 6 . . . . . . 95 110
St. Clair ..... ,. . .27 35 57 7 11/2 10 8 102 100
St. Joseph . . . . .47 31 98 6 1 18 . . 111 113
Tuscola .......... 47 42 97 8 2 9 8 69 78
Van Buren ....... 34 49 96 6 1 7 . . 112 112
Washtenaw ...... 55 38 93 7 1 17 94 88
Wayne ........... 40 40 110 7 1 10 90 95
. VVexford ........... 12 72 5 . . 6 50 110

 
____.—-——-——f

HOW TO SAVE BEANS IN RAIN.

 
A proper and efﬁcient means of sav-
ing. beans during rainy weather, W111
if used,.save to Michigan growers thou-
sands of ‘ bushels annually. And .m
some. instances will save the entire
crops of. some individual, growers.
have made use of and am now usmg a
method as 'fOlloWs: ~I pileth‘e beans
around the stake something like the
old-fashiOned method used when beans
werepulled byhand. Material for one
pile takes one stake about 1x3 in. by 4
ft., sharpened at both ends, one piece
1x4 in. by 3 ft., nailed across stake for
base, about four inches from the lower
end: Se't stake up and lay two pieces,
say. 11:4 in. by 3 it, across the baSe of
standard, one end of each piece lays
on the ground and the other end rises
several inches, giving good circulation
of air under, and keeping the beans 0
the ground. Pile the beans up to with-

:in three or"four inches of top of stake,-
leaving stake. sufﬁcient to project up‘

through, a forkf-ul of hay, put on to
keepthe rain out. Marshhay, timothy
‘or green alfalfa are good for this pur-
' and aﬂﬂnds “of weather,“ anddry nut
mm _s.; hcfthebaqe

 
v".

 
we

pOse. Put up 111-this Way beans will‘

rinfa’cl‘

 
in a bunch anywhere from a good
for ful, if very wet, to several hundred
pounds when partly dry. Bunch either
in ﬁeld or draw to high, convenient
location. If short of lumber, any old
sticks or pieces of boards may be used
without nailing. V. P. SMITH.

, Chronic Grease Heel.’—-'I have a mare
eleven years old that has been treated
for more than tWelve months by our
local Vet. for scratches and he fails to
effect a cure. The sores apparently
heal, ’but soon crack open again. He
has also prescribed internal treatment.
J. S., Blissﬁeld, Mich—First of all,
chronic grease heel, chronic scratches
of twelve months standing is usually
incurable. The skin usually remains
harsh and thickened and seemingly
loses its function. Apply equal parts
tincture benzoin compound, tincture of
iodine with a small brush once or twice
a day, and some time later apply one
part tannic acid, two parts glycerine in
half a pint of water and apply with a.
brush once or twice a day. Give.her a.
tablespoonful of Fowler’s solution of

arsenic at a dose in feed three times.

a day: In treating-cases of this kind
I’ ﬁnd the :maiority: of people apply
somenmedlcine.

for a' recovery,Ebut usually,1an intheirr
efforts. ~ ‘ , ’

 
The .

    
'1!" r w, - , , "I -----
'A‘IIIHIW ... "m”.lnmml
u ‘
1, n

: - Willi

. III 51111“qu ,"

 
MODERN SANITARY BARN EQUIPMENT
Adjustable ST ANCHIONS to fit a Cow or Calf
Steel STALLS with Stationary or Folding SURE-STOPS

26 STYLES of CARRIERS
Sanitary Home Sum, Ventilating and Watering sym

Write MITCHELL MFG. CO., Forest Home Ave., MILWAUKEE, WIS

or for Full lulu-nation Col on or W

J. W. C. SEDGWIEK,Nunica, »Mioh., R. 2.

 
International Live Stock Show

December lst to 8th ,
UNION STOCK YARDS, CHICAGO

A Food Production Camp in the Service of the United States

Daily Salesof Pure Bred Live Stock

Red Polled Sale Aberdeen-Angus Sale
Wednesday, Dec. 5th, 10 A.M. Wednesday, Dec. 5th, 1 P. M.

For particulars write H. A. Martin, For articulars write Chas. Gray,
Gotham, W1s. nion Stock Yards, Chicago

Galloway Sale Shorthorn Sale

Thursday, Dec. 6th, 9 A. M. Thursday, Dec. 6th, 1 P. M.
F or catalog write R. W. Brown, For catalog write F. W. Harding,
Carrollton, Mo. Union Stock Yards, Chicago

' Hereford Sale
Friday, Dec. 7th, 1 P. M.

For catalog write R. J. Kinzer,
1012 Baltimore Ave., Kansas City, Mo.

A Scam: of Instruction in the Art of Breeding and Feeding
of Live Stock Economically.

ANSWER THE NATION’S CALL and Put Into Practice the bosons this

Exposition Teaches.

Brilliant Evening Shows and a Trip to Chicago

 
V Make This
Your Big

misleading quotations and hard grading. is a-
game largely practised today to your injury. If
vou want prices straight and honest grading.
- Write pogtﬁllioEr in

Mill 8: Fulton $12., Middletow n, N. Y.

MENTS. Send for S.&B. Price list. It’. F
STRUCK and BOSSAK. lnc., 149s roe
28th Street, New York.

West

' _ ——sm'p your pelts to the HOUSE
* of QUICK RETURNS—the

Lowest Rates on an Railroads

F HOUSE of LIBERAL ASSORT-
M F I I
I. III SIIIIIDBI

ARGE Type P. 0. Some good 11 1)
27011324. “"ill also price g‘ilts. 3p 11%: 13:91.3.” '0
Full pigs ready to ship. “7m. J . Clarke, ﬁﬂ. unson.Mldh.
Poland China boars shipped C.().D.

Blg Boned callorwrite forphoto,weigbts,Ped.
lame and price. Elli. Leonard, it... St. Louis, Mich.

 
Price “5‘- 7 u I N(' r All B

. .l J 1" cys- ig '1‘ pa P. O. Boarsread,’ t
AH ZETTLE W Gllts “ill be bred for pr. fan-ow to a great ‘53:}
from Iowa. Lot me tell you about them. or come and
see for yourself. 1. D. GREGORY. Ionia. Mich.

 
SHIP YOUR

RAW F URS

To BEN CORN. 213372.343"
SEND POSTAL FOR PRICE LIST.-

Will pay 5 percent additional for ship-
ments of $25 and over.

l‘BGE SIIIAIII P. c. ﬁtﬁhiﬁg for sale until after

H. 0. S’WABTZ. Schoolcrnft. Mich.
spring boars and gilta

“Miami W‘s; book your order now.

JOHN W. SNYDER. R. 4. St. Johns. Mich.

 
SHEEP

 
farm team
EARLJ. SMITH, 1121 McDougalAve., Detroitanch.

xr PAYS fro. am PM

fthe East“
0 _n
. \Iunwdsh payoxpreu-

  
“7 ANT to trade S425 suburban Detroit lot for _
andoutflt. give age. weight. snapshot.
I

' Shlpl‘o The Old Reliable Hou-
HA ' Daniel McCofﬁoy’I Sons,
—' 623-625 Wabash'BIkd PM, P".

i . charges. W1‘1,te for cluboﬂbr and e lint.
{lam Oxfords. Shropshire. md'PnlIad ' I.
, : PARSONS. mum. R. 9,

 
l’DIlTIlES--lPPlE8--‘0II191IS

CHAS. W. RUDD & SON,

EEG ' hid Fus,¢ltber‘WhitesoniBrowns.Wr-ite
I ulfor articulars.PAg%¥B CANBUTTER

mm. for $1.25: Elbe/82.25: ﬂ) lbs. for $11.“): 120lbs, for
an. Delivc
M. II. HUNT dz SON.
ALFALFA orClovev-Hay wantedbaledcnload
. - lot. must. he choice. CHARLES
STAFF. 11m Woodward Avenue.

Kassandra Rams for Sale
Harry Patti“?$3°£,°°l§§hm Mich.

SHROPSHIRE AND HAMP-
SHIRE RAM LAMBS

Husky ones with quality. price 835. Shipped O. 0. D.

ope on Farms,
Sheep at Lupton address Goldwater. Mich.

WANTED
Detroit, Mich.
We are paying .good premiums for new-

& ESE WM . Benoit. Mich.

PURE EXHAC'I'ED IONEY

 
Shorpshire Ram Lambs and one three year
old ﬂockhoader t solo.
ARMSTRONG 330's. R. 3. logbnr ville. Mich.

red within 150 miles of Lansing.
LANSING. MICE.

 
Shropshire mi“ $123.3”

Detroit. Michigan ,

 
, ionally and look.

 
ORM. Huber bean thrash”, with self Feeder-and old. Dowel. BAH 300m, B m-ﬂ I
Wind'mcker. neaﬂv new cheap 1! taken at once.

G. SOUTHFIELD, W, Mich I am for remainder 0'! season a limited number of

8 new! '
noes 5 “MfganMrng

81 Grand

 
mm L . Boa' Carob. Irritant! may We
B tenant» ha). 1% b! '

 
you-arm.- 0.1.0an m,m_ , dewumuhom .

 
?
l

   
. ‘ .I If you are looking for THE fur
. house that will gIve you the most
cash money for your furs. write for
our ta 9 today and use them on your
next shipment of furs.
We have no prizes or other ﬂy-by-
night promises to otter you—just a plain
[business proposition to

. ,t ’Pay You More For Your Furs
We have been In the For Business 42 years—have
almost Unlimited Capital and will give you

Square Grading—Highest
Prices and Quick Returns ,

the three big things that a trapper needs.

Furs will be High this season and in u can make
Big Money on the trap line. We want ink. Skunk,
Coon Mus kra mOpossums and all other furs in

Unlimited Quantities and you can onlyex xrrlence
that Satisﬁed Feeling by shipping your

ABRAHAM FUR C0.

" rile to . on
for Free
C op yof
"Fur Fads”
Price List

and

  
Trappen'
Supplies,

Traps. bails,
etc. at Iowa!
prices.

  
LET USTTAN
YOUR HIDE.

Horse or Cow hide. Calf or other skins
with hair or fur on, and make them
into coats (for men and w omen). robes,

  
runs or gloves when so orde r( (1. Your
tur goods will cost you loss than to buy
th¢ III and be w m th more.

Our Illustrated catalog gives a lot of
information. It tells how to take 011'
and care for hides; how and when we
pay the freight both ways; about our
sale dyelng process on cow and horse ‘
hide. calf and other skins: about the ‘.
fur goods and game trophies we sell,
taxidcrIIIy. etc. ‘

Then we have recently got out an-
other we call our Fashion book, wholly
devoted to fashion plates of muffs,
neckwear and other fine fur garments.
with prices 3 also fur garments remod-
ded and rep-Iced.

You can have either book bv sending , .

our correct address naming which or
goth books if you need both. Address

The Crosby Frisian Fur Com any.
571 Lyell Ave” Rochester, .Y.

 
uSend for our price list today.

usI-Tp ove to you that we pay \
HIGHES PRICE" 3 We pay exactly
'what we quote and know on will be
pleased with our LIBERAL RADIIVG.

WULFS OHN

A house on can depend upon.
We make no eductions of any kind. give.
lever-y shipment individual consideration
regardless of how small or large.
account of our unusual outlet forn
urs. we can actually pay on

more morey. Write for price list.
M. Wulfsohn & Co.
208 West 27th Street ‘

New York City '

 
is the house to which you will

I
: eventually ship your furs. 5
\ Trapper-s < I
\ I
\ I

Start this season right. Get Your name
on our mailing list and keep posted.
Price list sent free. Write today.
R. P. Pepoon Sales Company,
13 South Main St. St. Louis. Mo.

\“\\VI I'll

 
Getstsrted rlghtthlsseason and make
roymone .uSend our name today

'llllMBlllGH’S MlRKEl REPORTS

now readyto tonal]. 111qu note lute: marketpriees. Furs from

northern states sum, specialtyan I’ll omost money

forth em. Correct gradingm means more money for you. u.‘1 gm.
orretuI-n your furs.

w. s. miwuﬁuon 205 Court Ave. no: Molnes. la.

POULTRY.

BREEDING COCKERELS

Trapnestod. I'bred-to-l‘Ay stock. 8. 0. eWhite Le horns,
dllooks and 8. (LR

 
go e.ach $38
‘ UNNYBrgtaOOK POULTRY FARM. edliillsdgle‘ Mich.

 
HN'S big beautiful beam to Barred Books,
MR) 310 to 320.12088

la era. no (5b .
ﬁg“; lél.” ‘7.0l~rcnl‘ar‘1g§. hoto. John Northon. Clare. Mich.

Barred Rubin was room STRAIN wit
215.091le by real 90%,: l." l. “algal-f
Fae-gr . 53m- dist.

 
MW“.

 
our ’ screenings.

 
HE readers of the Michigan

Farmer have up to this time,

been spared from any writings
of mine, upon the subject of the hen.
But in these days when everyone is
thinking about food shortage, and the
farmers are working and thinking to
produce as much as they can of every
needed product in their line, who can
forget the hen? We can not, and after
a matter has been in our mind just
about so long, we have to write it off
in order to obtain relief.

This is our apology for asking your
attention to “The Helpful Hen” for
just a little while.

If she really helps she must lay, and
if she lays she must be well fed and
cared for. How are we to feed her,
and what grains shall we use when all
feeds are so expensive?

A Farm F iock.

We have a small ﬂock of Plymouth
Rocks that went into the winter too
young to lay much until last April. Ap-
ril is pretty late to have hens begin to
lay, and we were discouraged before
that time arrived. Of course, they did
lay a few eggs before that date, but
they did not really get down, to busi-
ness until just about that time. Since,
they have laid practically a hundred
and ten eggs each. This is not a won-
derful record, but considering that they
are still laying better than ﬁfty per
cent daily, it is enoughto give one
some courage at, any rate.

Nine times out of ten, when hens do
not lay in the summer, they have not
enough to eat. We do not need to be
so particular about balancing the ra-
tion in summer, for the old hen will
usually get worms enough to supply
her with the needed amount of protein.

When moulting time comes it is es-
pecially necessary to feed liberally, in
order to insure an early return to
work on the part of the hens. The ten—
dency is to cut down the feed at this
time and let the hens take care of
themselves, because they do not fur-
nish us with many eggs. But this is
just the time when we should give
them the best of care. If they are al-
lowed to run down in ﬂesh at this time
it will take a long time to put them in
condition again, and the chances are
that it will not be done. If they have
been neglected because the egg yield
has fallen off, the same cause will con-
tinue to lead to farther neglect, for
they will not begin again, unless they
are better fed.

Feed Poultry Well.

A small ﬂock of hens will take care
of themselves in a way on the average
farm, but it is seldom that it pays to
let them do it. We might better feed
them some grain all the time, to sup-
plement what they are able to ﬁnd,
and receive a large income from them,
than to take chances on their getting
enough themselves to enable them to
do much work for us.

Our nearest neighbor in one direc-
tion, has moved his small houses out
into the ﬁelds and given his young
chickens the range of the entire clear-
ing. In fact, they have come over into

. our ﬁelds in search of grasshoppers,

which I am sure they were able to ﬁnd.
If there are those of the .household
who have the necessary time, the ﬂock
may be moved in this. way, and the
available hen food from each ﬂock
may be saved.

Of course, chickens are preferable
to old hens for they do not lay, and so
the eggs are not going to be deposited
where they will not be found.

This season, when feeds are so very
expensive, we ought to welcome any
plan that will help us to furnish food
for young fowlsgat little cost. What
shall we feed during the coming win-
ter? Eggs are going to be very high
in price, but so also are feeds of every
kind. First; We,~should carefully Vlsa've

 
Then, if ' fwe‘ are?" an:

 
'Tn‘e'nelpmlHen

 
fortunate enough to have any poor
wheat, either shrunken badly, or smut-
ty, so that it will not make good ﬂour,
‘we may feed that at better advantage
than to sell it for feed to the miller,
who must grind it, and sell it again to
someone else, perhaps trusting that
someone, for the pay. He is gOing-to
ﬁgure all these possibilities in when he
makes you, a. price for that damaged
wheat,. and depend upon it, if he is a
careful man, he is not going to pay too
much for it.
Cheap Feeds for Poultry.

Don’t sell it. Feed it to the hens.
They will pay you more for it by and
by, when eggs 'are—-I don’t know how
much a dozen—than any miller can af-
ford to pay you this fall.

And then, there is the cat crop—-
better than usual by far. Oats are ex-
cellent for hens. Many people do not
appreciate the value of oats as hen
feed, and so they miss an opportunity
when oats are comparatively cheap.
Perhaps corn may be much lower in
price after the new crop comes on the
market. If not, it will be expensive
feed for any animal of the farm, except
the human sort.

Wheat By-products Valuable.

Bran and middlings are not very e'x-
pensive just now when bought in car-
lots, and if they are purchased for the

dairy, the hens should be given their,

share. If a hOpper feeder is. provided,
and kept supplied with bran and mid-
dlings, with a little cottonseed meal
included, if plenty of grit and oyster
shell is kept. constantly before the
ﬂock, they will not consume as much
whole grain and will be in excellent
condition. As we have said, eggs are
going to bring a very high price, and
it might be that we could afford to feed
almost anything under the circum-
stances, but it would not. be good bus-
iness practice to do it. Again, it would
not be patriotic to do it. We want to
leave as much of the corn and wheat
as possible for human food. We must
work and think harder than ever be-
fore to provide economical sources of
food, and sources that do not lessen
the food for human consumption any
more than is absolutely necessary. Ev-
ery bushel of wheat and corn that can
be husbanded for us and our allies,
still making provision for the various
animals on the farms that are to do
their part in feeding the “nations at
war for Democracy,” is just .so much
done for the cause of “permanent
peace.” It should be very easy to
practice this kind of patriotism, for it
adds to our ﬁnancial advantage.

If the hens lay well this winter they
must be well fed. The problem is how
to feed them liberally and well, and
still do so economically.

Keep Hens in Prime Condition.

An old saying is, “a job well begun,
is half done.” This applies in connec-
tion with our subject. If the hens go
into winter in prime condition, they
will do much better than otherwise.
Plenty of green feed should be provid-
ed late in the fall for the ﬂock.

Rape should be sown in the garden,
after early garden crops have been re-
moved. Rape makes an ideal feed for
the hens at this time. They will eat
long after they have to dig in the snow
to get it, and it is good for them.

Of course, rape will not take the
place of grain. Many people expect too
much of roughage when fed to farm
animals generally. Give the hens ac-
cess to the rape, and then trust them
with as much good grain as they want
besides.

After it is no longer possible for
them to be out of doors, provide‘. them
with ensilage, cabbage leaves, beets.
or sprouted oats. Some succulent feed
is helpful all through the winter. '

Lastly, ‘do not fail to give the ﬂock
sour milk or buttermilk every day If

not enough huttermijk can be mi",

 
to drink; We 'have had experience
enough to know the value of butter-
milk, or sour skim~milk for growing

fowls or laying hens, and we can not'

emphasize too strongly the importance
of this partv'of the ration.

The hens will help us still more if
we make better use of the many eggs
she furnishes us during the summer.
If, instead of selling these eggs week
by week, to be shipped to the people
who store them, we should store a part
of them ourselves, in waterglass, it
would add to our proﬁts. A few days
ago, we used the lasf of the eggs put
down last fall. They were perfectly
good. .

Preserve Surplus Eggs.

I am not going to give directions
here for doing this work, because this
article is too long already, and also be-
cause the information is easily obtain-
able. But I do want to emphasize the
value of this method of preserving
eggs. We have heaid of a few people
who found their eggs spoiled when
they wanted to use them, but we are
sure that these people did not properly
follow directions. There is not the
least doubt about the eggs keeping if
they are properly put down, and the
work is not at all difﬁcult. .

So let us winter a ﬂock of hens. Let
us provide them with plenty of feed of
the right kinds, as economically as we
can, but let us give them the feed. Let
us furnish some form of succulent feed
for the winter, and by all means, let
us not neglect to give them the skim-
milk or the buttermilk. If we do these
things, if we furnish them with a warm
place in which to Sleep, if they can
keep their feet dry, and have plenty of
pure air to breathe, with a chance, to
work, then, indeed, they will be “The
Helpful Hens.”

Oceana Co. \V. F. TAYDOR.

CHOICE COCKERELS VALUABLE.

 
Poultry breeders are. carrying low
stocks of male'birds this fall, and indi-
cations point to a general shortage of
breeding stock in the spring. This
condition, due largely to high prices of
feed, is important to practical poultry-
men.

“People who have been accustomed
to buying roosters in January and Feb-
ruary to make up their breeding pens,”
says a poultry expert of the United
States Food Administration, “are likely
to be disappointed next year.”

To be .sure of an early start in poul-
try operations during the coming sea—
son, farmers and city ﬂock-owners are
advised.to retain at least a few choice
well-matured cockerels. Carrying them
through the winter, evenat a consid-

xerable cost for feed, is a wiser course

than depending on the uncertain com-
mercial supply.

 
POULTRY HOUSE REQUIREMENTS. -

 
Not beauty, but efﬁciency, is of the
greatest importance in the construc—
tion of a poultry house. The old hen
will not worry about the color of the
house, the grain of the lumber, the
shape of the door knob or the fancy
work on the padlock. If she is com-
fortable she will be contented. Of
course, the house may match up nicely
with the remainder of the farm build-
ings and it should be. as neat as possi—
ble, but fresh air, sunshine and protec-
tion from storms must be considered
ﬁrst.

A well drained site is necessary or
many days of the year the poultry
house will be damp and the muddy
earth around the outside Will not be

healthful for the birds When the hens,
have to walk in the mud it will mean

dirty eggs, and eggs that have to be

washed before marketing are never as
good for placing in storage.

Sunshine is the poultrynmn’s friend
It assists in eepi Btt ‘

    
r: .. ,. ..-.Z'..5;§~'. ,~ l... .
ﬂout" Héﬁaﬂima can ﬂutters}. .v ‘ ~

~—._

.13.

 
w

        
{I

 
u-

 
, . lion’s most cultivable diversions. at any

 
sea-son oi the year- The house must
be constructed facing the south. so that
an abundance of sunshine can strike
the ﬂoor over its entire area. The win-
dows should not .be too high but they
can extend the length of the house.
The open-front house insures a sup-
ply of fresh air. If the front is covered
with wire cloth much of the wind and
rain will be broken and prevented from
entering the house. In the winter cur-
tains can be lowered to assist in keep-
ing out the cold.
A square house is the most economi-
‘ cal to build as the largest ﬂoor area
can be obtained for the least material.
Ingham Co. R. G. KIRBY.

 
WET MASH VS. DRY MASH FOR
THE LAYING HEN.

Wet mash was universally used until
about ten years ago; poultrymen can-
not agree, using both, but college ex-
periments lean toward dry mash.

Dry mash can be hopper-fed at any
time, but do not allow hoppers to get
empty as a decrease in the egg yield
will result. With plenty of room at
the hoppers, there will be no crowding,
and even the most timid birds will be
given the opportunity to eat all they
desire with little danger of over-eating.
as they can’t pick up much and prefer
whole grain. Whether the hoppers
should be opened all day or not, de-
pends on the size of the ﬂock. There
should be a lid over feed to regulate
amount eaten, and to close at night so
rats and mice can’t eat the food. Dry
mash produces more fertile eggs, and
there are no leavings to be gathered
up later.

It increases the labor cost but stim-
ulates the birds to keep up egg produc-
tion as it increases the palatability of
the food. Is slightly forcing, and might
cause soft shell eggs.

It should be fed crumbly, not sloppy,
as it is likely to cause bowel trouble,
requiring more of an expert feeder.

There should be plenty of room—at
the feed-boards or crowding will result
in which the vigorous birds will gorge
themselves, and abuse the weaker.
Care is also required to keep the feed—
ing board clean. ,

Moist mash should be fed at noon,
not as the evening feed, as it digests
more quickly than grain. Grain is de-
sirous as the ‘evening feed as it stays
in the digestive system longer. When
fed moist mash in the morning, the
birds are apt to gorge themselves and
leaf during the day. Exercise is nec-
essary for egg production.

Feed only what they will clean up
quickly in ten or ﬁfteen minutes, with
no left-overs, or they will soon get off
their feed.

“Tith the moist mash we are able to
use certain feeds to reduce cost, such
as cracker crumbs, stale bread, cull
beans or potatoes, and boiled infertile
eggs.

I prefer to feed the dry mash in hop-
pers with a moist mash every other
day to keep the appetite keen.

A home-made mash is desirable as
we will' know exactly its contents.

Ingham Co. FRANK DUBOIS.

 
TESTS OF FOOD FOR THE LAYING
PULLETS.

In four experiments each of one
year’s duration, conducted by the Indi-
ana Station, four lots of single-comb
White Leghorn pullets were fed a
basal ration of corn, wheat, oats, bran,
and shorts 10:5:515, lot 1 receiving in
addition 3.5 parts of meat scrap; lot 2,
3.6 parts of ﬁsh (scrap; lot 3, from 50
to 52 parts of skim-milk, and lot 4 be-
ing used as a check lot.

It was found that the feeding value
of'meat scrap for Leghorn pullets was
$23.92 per-100 lbs; of ﬁsh scrap $27.65

I per 100 lbs; and of skim-milk, $2.04

poi-1min .When fed skimnmilk pul-
lets hid 31.311137; War in December
M ' , s3" ﬂameutsmr renu-

. $

 
‘eraged 135 eggs per pullet; :the ﬁsh-
scrap pen, 128 eggs; the skim-milkpen“

    
135.4 eggs; and the no—meat feed pen,‘
32.5.“ The consumption of the meat-_
scrap pen was 70.29 lbs. of feed per:
fowl at a cost of 98.4.cents; the ﬁsh-
scrap pen was 74.13 lbs. of feed per
fowl‘at a cost of 99.5 cents, and the
newest food pen, 57.01 lbs. of feed per
fowl at a cost of 72.2 cents. The con-
sumption of the - skim-milk pen was.
63.86 lbs, excluding the milk, or when
the milk was included 157.61 lbs., at a.
cost of $1.10 per fowl. It costs an av-
erage of 8.5 cents to produce one doz-
en eggs in the meat-scrap pen, and9.7‘
cents each in the ﬁsh-scrap and skim-
milk pens. '

The amount of dry matter to pro-=
duce one pound of eggs in the meat-,
scrap and skim-milk pens was 3.7 lbs."
each, and in the ﬁsh—scrap pen 4.02
lbs, and in the no~meat food pen, 13.53
lbs. Meat scrap, ﬁsh scrap, or skim—
milk thus greatly increased the efﬁ-
ciency of the grain and dry mash feed.
Meat scrap apparently produced slight-
ly better fertility and hatchability of
eggs than did the ﬁsh scrap or skim-
milk...but birds fed neither skim-milk.
nor meat scrap showed slightly the
best average fertility, and in two ex-
periments the best hatchability'. The
proﬁt in .the meat-scrap pen was $1.55,
in the ﬁsh-scrap pen $1.55, and in the
skim-milk pen $1.62. Birds receiving
neither meat scrap, ﬁsh. scrap, orskim-
milk were kept at 3.1058. At 30 cents
per 100 lbs.-, skim-milk is considered
slightly more expensive to feed» than.
meat scrap at $2.50 per 100 lbs.

 
VETERINARY.

Eczema—4 have a seven-yearold
horse that has had an. itchy condition
of the skin for the past sixty days. I
have bathed him several times with
one part water and thirty parts Zeno-
Ieum, and i thought it relieved him. I
have also given him sulphur and cream
of tartar occasionally. His skin. is free
from lumps or pimples, but every time
he has an opportunity he scratches
himself. J. (3., Central Lake, Mich——
The mistake you made was in not fol-
lowing up the treatment of zenoleum
and, water, you should apply it twice a
day, instead of occasionally and per-
haps the ﬁrst thing you should do is to
0109 the horse, then much less medi-
cine Would be required. Give him 1/2
oz. doses of Donovan’s solution of ar-
senic twice daily in feed or drinking
water for at least thirty days.

Hog Cholera—What does your vet-
terinary department recommend as a
remedy to cure hog cholera? A. V. H.,
Grass Lake, Mich—When hog cholera
infection has thoroughly taken hold of
the animal, remedies, especially drugs,
cut very little ﬁgure in assisting na-
ture to bring about a recovery. The
owners of, hogs knowing that this dis-
ease can pretty much be prevented by
vaccination, should adopt this prevent
ative treatment.

Open Tent—We have a cow that
met with an accident last summer,
tearing off end of teat; since then she
has leaked milk and as she has recent-
ly come fresh, she loses most of 'her
milk from this one quarter. E. J. 0.,
Beaverton, Mich—Either use a teat
plug to prevent ﬁoyvr of milk from teat
canal, or dry her in this one quarter,
or perhaps it would be just as well to
leave her alone.

Foot Soreness.-—I have a horse that
is some footsore and one of the hoofs
is cracked badly. What shall I apply
to soften hoof? J. C. G., Schoolcrafn.
Mich—Apply wool fat to hoofs once a
day and have him shod by a good me-
chanic. ~

Partial Loss of Power.—We have a-
seven months old boar pig that drags
his hind quarters, but does not show a
symptom of sickness. W. H. A., Fenn-;
ville, Mich—Give him half a teaspoon-
ful of air-slaked lime, 10 grs. of ground.
nux vomica and a teaspoonful of cock-
ing soda at a dose in feed three times
a day. Feed less corn, more oats, oil
meal, tankage, clover, alfalfa and roots.
Apply mustard and water to back and
upper portion of hips twice a week.

Barren Cow.—l have a Holstein heif—
er that has been bred ten or twelve
times during the past twelve months
and has failed to . get with calf. I-
might state that she has been served,
by different bulls. M. 3., Esseirville,i
Mich.—~Donbtless your cow is barren
and perhaps had better be beefed, or
you might employ a Vet. to make an
examination of her and ascertain the

.53c
E

   
close to it by mixing

rations under our modem!
YOU are not oatioﬁcd”—bhc
nearly 50 years.

s
Philadelphia

Pointers on the Care 0! Poultry.

Chicago

PTOdIICC EMS at He'll D02. .
The u. 8. Dept. of Agriculture .. .5. Experimental Farm. Beltoville, ma. during the
past year has proven conclusively that if you make your hens LAY instead of allowing

them to LOAF you should be able to produce eggs at a food coat of about 16?“: per
dozen. even at present feed prices-AN D YOU CAN MAKE THEM LAY.

You may not do quite as wellas the Government's experts but you can come mighty

PRATT FOOD COMPANY

 
Pratts Poultry Regulator

daily with a good egg-making ration, at a cost of one cent a month per hen. Do this .
and we guarantee your ﬂock will produce the extra eggs that bring the big proﬁts.

Pratts Poultry Regulator is a concentrated tonic and conditioner—not a food. It makes
the ration more effective, therefore cheaper.
system in a natural way-sharpens the appetite and improves digestion-ennchcg
the blood—regulates tho bowels—insures perfect health—makes the egg-pro.
ducing organs do full duty—brings a proﬁtable egg-yield.

Our dealer in your town has instructions to supply you with Prom Prep...

guarantee-' ' Your money backif ,

guarantee that bu ﬂood for ’

It strengthens and tones up the entire

Write for “page book—Pram Practical

 
Self-
Poultry

C
_ Fountains
and Heaters

Koo o m

nigh? ten erntnro
~ I , d‘fdmgfeot‘her on
mites-[outlines q'u :4 n. so 8‘ oof-G
Dtool. A,m felt wont lied. Every can-Houn-
Prioo of 1 Heater on: 2 gallon [locum-tie Foun-
donﬂﬁo. Order NOW or who for Circular |,
Me'- uni- on long. «wanton-r. .
c. I. 3. MIN! WORKS SARAH”: Imm‘l

 
is the Erica we are paying this week for newlaid,
white enpery
G G S t 011C010— ‘
FOX RIVER BUTTER 00.. 26—23 Market St.,
. DETROIT, MICH.

We remit (lay of arrival. Ship
a

POULTRY

HOMESTEAD FARMS
SALES OFFER

Wo have tho following binds to offer for immediate
sale: Pullets. about ready to luv: 24 White Plymouth

s. 5 Singlo Comb Rhoda Isl-ml Redo.
Yearling Hons: 30 Single Comb Bhode Island Beds. 20
Barred Plymouth Books (November delivery.)
A few Cookorols and Cocks of nearly all breeds. A
“mi-rgain'wlosiug out sale of 11 White Leghorn (Jock-
ore 6.
Here are a few deﬁnite offers that interested poultry-
men can well afford to accept.

HOMESTEAD FARMS, Bloomingdale, Mich.
bred from Grout Layers

Barred lock Bockmls g... 1...“...
W. O. COFFMAN. R. 3 Benton Harbor. Mich.

 
.- V Ferris White Leghorns

A real heavy laying strain. lrapncstcd I7
years. records from 200 to 26-? eggs. Get
our special summer prices on yearling hens,
breeding maIcs, eggs for hatching. 8-week-
oId puIIeto and da old chicks. We SIle C. O. D. and
guarantee results. ntalog gives prices; describes stock; lclls
all (bout ourhrm and methods. results you can act by breed-
sums. strain. Send for your copy now—it is free.

GEORGE D. TERMS .334 Union. Grand Rapids. Mich.

  
F owlers Buff Rocks ﬁgkﬁggiﬁﬁ‘gf:
from two dollars up according to quality.
R. B. FOWLER. Huntord. Mich.

 
i I l B '
Buff Leghorns ° 013ml?go(§agrleeaidlmﬁ

ing strain. Dr. William A. Smith. Isotersburg, Mich.

WW 3- 0- W- lcghom ££i§§.'§i‘3—22.‘iifi‘afsi£3
breeding honenow. Everfresh Egg Farm. Ionic. Mich,
Pin. Gml I. c. \Vliiio Orpingiagu, : 32:3, '3}:

cocks and hens. also young cookers I. MRS WILLIS
ROUGH. PINE CREST FARM. Royal Oak. Mich.

 
RHODB ISLAND REDS I“ PLYMOUTH ROCKS
Moles 5 to 12-15.. mordin :
mu 5 to 10 lb... eggs 15 81.3): m. 35,; lﬂgﬁJJO.
Ion-10th Bram Tom Turkeys. 8 «to ”tho. oooord
to “Show, 10o“- $3. J. Mon-lot J.
Valor. Mich, Successors to A. E. Common.

    
' I lmvea few cockcrels left for .
Butterucps, sale. Member A. B. ‘. ;
ROY E. MATHEWS. Monoclonal, ‘Mlch. I

to Monte“ EIIJMIII ,

___3__z 6 Mos. Only 10c

.
63 BOYS Xsrstmmmaamrlr °
- \\

stories of adventure and how be
I“

 
money.
raising,

Bi!

 
an on com cl ,
573:. am. Illustrated. The ma
boysll paper. uiztgll‘ie kind 9! road'lzng mortar
you’ c 0y. a me can won I
on trial To: only me Wm)

m couum minim sham, mm

‘ snoop
' ' ‘ Black To Iams for
Registered 8 Mill Harm “1., 1.... 2 y... .1...
BALP- N. HAYNElt, “'obberville. Mich.

ERINOS & ‘Delaineo. having quality, size, oily

ﬂeeces. long s’tu ' ‘ heavy shoa. rers. Roms for sale.
dellvomd. 8. den. R. 2. Ashtabula. Ohio.

5:3?!«211 ll

 
Down Ram Ionbo for sole.
1' a so

TED and J. .SIAANS, Muir. Mich,
Oxford Ram and Ram

Reﬁi Stered lambs. Also Berkshire
hogs. C SE STOCK FARM, 3.1, Mariette. Mich.

FOR SAL Oxford Home l Ewes

“global-ed write your
wants. P

GEO. T.ABBO1"1‘. - - aims, Mich.
LINCOLN __Qne two-yoor-old and six year-
lmg ramp: for sale, also ram

lambs. EPH KNIGHT a SUNS. Gagetown. Mich.

E w E 15 registered Bamboulllet
owes for on .
WILL J. RENO. Manchester. Michigan
R A M s. Bambouillets and
0 Hom§hiros for sale.
A. A. WO0D&SO , ﬁlline. Mich.

Severa hundred Westernowes. healthy and in
ﬁne . Pure bred rams of different
breeds. BAR ARD SHEEP RANCH. B.5.0loro.llich;

[50 Breeding Ewes

Ztoﬁyn. old. Will sell for $1? or d If tat .
Write or call E. C. SMITH,)‘;)vid' Mich, Onatonce

HORSES

 
; Eleven .(11) Head of Registered

Percherons For Sale.
Stallions, brood mares, colts and fillies.

‘ A fine lot, big boned, clean Iimbed, strait
; gaited, drafty show'horse type.

will sell cheap for cash or will give

5 time to reliable parties

Dr. C.L. Barber, Lansing, Mich.

 
'LOESER BROS.

Belgian and Percheron Stallions for sale that

will pass the Michigan Stallion Inspection).

Have a few mares of both breeds. Shorthorn Cat.

ﬁle, we offer a choice lot of bulls and females.
'rit/e us.

LIGONIER INDIANA.

 
'PERDHERBN DISPERSAL

The entire herd of the late A. A. Palmer

- will be closed out;25 pure bred per-

cheron mares $200 to $400 except two;
also young stallions

PALMER BROS, Belding Mich.

R Sale: Embossed Percheron Stallion Donald.
Reserve Champion of the Michigan state Fair this
year. Cam be seen three and a half miles northeast of Bir-

 
, ' minghnm. Mich. For further particulars address Ralph

Stocpel, care Burhnm. Stoepcl 6: 00., Detroit. Mich.

 
I. Rod Summer Sale. Reno Comb cocks and halls.
5.138;: comb hens and pullotl.‘ All at bargain
prices.

hotels after September 15th.
INTERLAKES FARM, Box 39. Lawrence, Mich.
Br. Leghorn Cookoroio and one cock 81.50,
now. Mrs. Wm. Nickort, Carson City. Mich

' C “I? 368 Gd 8 0 we IIQ . e '

 
ing stock of

In yearling hens. 0. w. Browning, B. 2. Ion-rind,
April Hatched. Stand-oi Brad
0. c. 'I M“- Cooker-ohm hoe ro at 32.00
“oh. “It. the My Forum. M. Mich.

INE purebred light Brahma cockercls at 82.50 each
for a short t . Also year old liens. Prim winners.
Mrs. E. B. WI ITS, R. 1, READING, MICH.

TI Wyandottos. I'hovo a!!!» lot 0! Aug“ ul

- m. In masonic. each.
mom’s”. ﬁnal-m s... tun-mi. mmm.

m m m: mgdbuo'ng Mufﬁn um:

 
cause of her not breeding. 1

' 4’

hush-ion nan-deli. MJIlWhoocm-as-ﬂ

R. C' and Imperial Pokin Drakes 82.00 each, order ;

bone for brooding 51.50 each. 00.!-
Sturtaomtt Sons. Ypsilanti. Mich ‘

:5. 03' Br. 1% Motels. 5:33
an am m’ s. '- “mmﬁft‘t‘m. '

ILVER Golden and White Wyaudottes.‘ Oh i E
Shrood solo attor'Oot. lot, a tow WKOIZ: ‘
eh. *

 
REGISTERED PERC HERON

Moron and Stalin-I ﬂood to soil. Inokootlo Invi '
L. C. HUNT. . BATON R ’19.“. “la.

Morons. Imam. Angus, Shro ' 8. Hum:
no“ D. BUILL. Elmira. Och“...

, I aZmy flu‘m will close 0 t Per-
Have Rented chemn homes citations“ liono
and moron. E. J. ALDRICH. ’l‘ekoncho. Mich.

SHETLAND PONIE

Wilhelmina Whom. Special prices on colts for A
not and September. Write Dept. E. Tho SHADYSITDE
Fame. North Benton, Ohio.

Pmﬁiatle Employment

For you if you will represent us in
your vicinity. Michigan Farmer sub-
scriptions are easy to get. Experience
not necessary. For this money making
pmpfsitlon write Circulation Depart:
men ,

11.. mammal-"m, as...

 
M'.“.~ ... ..

.... as...” -

-u.......vs. .. .

 
minim-d to am ecu-hula.
Gongbault’s
Gausllc Balsam

'I’
a“
mi?

Ila: lmllalors But llo Competitors.
A Safe, Speedy and Positive Cure for
Our 8 lint. 8 0 d E
Shrines Tendzi'ieltnyi'ou? er, Win
eneu from Spain.

, an
Bingbone and other bon tumors.
Cures all‘ekin disease- or uni
Thrush, Diphtheria. Remove.
Bunch“ from Horses or Cattle.
‘ a u named for Rho
.“mn.,ns.‘,'::‘m..t, Sim, it Is taught-1.5%.
giver! bottle of Can: '0 3.15% sold in
Womnted to ve satin action. ce $1.50
per bottle. Sol b5 drugglate or sent by ex-
rese. chugg- pat with full directions tor
ll. use. Send for descriptive otroulou.
testimonials, etc. Address

the Lamnco-WIIllamc 00., Cleveland. 0.

     
l , , _ .1...

 
ahgk ), '

Race Horse Cured
After Doctors Gave Up

Jacob White of Cold Water, Mia. writes:—
"Mu bone is we”. I had her on the race track and she
didn't lame a bil. You are (he beat doctor] ever saw.

best doctors in Tole County said she would not get well:-

ahe had the worst splint In the world, but now she I;
sound again. I can ride her a mile in two minute: and it
does not bother her a bu."

SAVE—m-HQRSE
(Trade Mark. Roziltqrcd)

is sold with a signed Guarantee to cure Ringbone.
Fhoropin.SPAVlN or Shoulder,Knee,Ankle,Hoof
or Tendon Disease or money back. Try it, no matter
how stubborn or en posedly incurable.—hundreda
of such cases cure every year or years. Write
for FREE Save-The-Horse BOOK that tell. how
to diagnose and treat—also for copy of uarantee
and expert veterinary advice—all FREE. Always
keep a bottle on hand for emergencies.

TROY CHEMICAL CO.
20 State Street, Binghamton, N. Y.
Drugglm everywhere ”(I Saw- Till-Horst w’2h Signed
Guarani“. or we tend it dint: by Pam! Past Prepaid.

 
TOWER'S FISH BRAND

    
Satisfaction Guaranteed. Ill, ' “ H:
DEALERS EVERYWHERE L l‘
A.J. TOWER co. V BOSTON. \

A

 
Fistula
Poﬁmizvil

Approximately 10,000 cases are success-

trented each year with

F emlng’s Flstotorm

No 9 erience necessary: egg and simple;
use a ittle attention every th day.
the #2.“! a Bottle—your money refunded

If It [a to, no matter how 01 the case or how

unsatisfactoryvéatihfi; treatment marry have been.

l‘ of I free (:0 0
mum's vast-Poem verl'umv mm
Valuable for its information I: n diseases of

 
horses and cattle. 192 pa , illustrations.
names ”‘mmwu

   
“Mann-mm
1 (leg! ordinary”.
, ,_'fm:sgisgw~mmomh

    
BUY THE . HERD" aoATa jenny... .

 
(Continued from page 399).'
tankage and oil meal will be enough
for him while on pasture. A few weeks
before breeding time, it is better to
feed a. little heavier so he is sure to be
in a. good vigorous condition for ser-
vice.

We. prefer to bring the sows to the
boar’s -pen at breeding. time. One
breeding is sufficient. This method
enables the breeder to keep accurate
record so that when farrowing time
comes he will be able to make ample
preparation and have good warm sheds
ready for them so there need be no
loss from exposure or overcrowded
quarters. One good boar is capable of
serving ﬁfty or sixty sows in a season
if properly managed. To do this, it
will require careful treatment, good
feeding and as much exercise as pos-
sible. The results should then he sat-
isfactory.

In purchasing a. boar, it is better to
procure one fairly well developed Some
breeders purchase them at weaning
time, but at that age they are.not de-
veloped enough to bring out the desir-
able characteristics and although the
price is less then, their purchase may
prove to be a bad guess. They should
be at least four or ﬁve months old. The
breeder should nOt delay purchase un4
til the time for service has arrived, If
he does, the more desirable animals
will be gone and he will have a poor
choice.

SHEEP GROWERS TO BE ENCOUR-
AGED.

 
Through the cooperation of the Mich-
igan Agricultural College and the Unit-
ed States Department of Agriculture,
an extension specialist in sheep hus-
bandry has been employed to devote
all of his time to the interests of the
sheep industry in Michigan.

The ﬁrst object is to increase the
number of sheep in the state. Where
ﬂockmasters are not in a position to
keep their promising ewe lambs and
cannot ﬁnd sale for them as breeders
the specialist will locate prospective
breeders as, purchasers. It is also hop-
ed to place upon Michigan farms and
cut-over lands a great many of the
western ew‘es that are being sold from
the ranges. A second object is to im-
prove the ﬂocks of the state through
the use of pure-bred sires and the best
methods of sheparding. Thirdly, it is
aimed to center community interest

— the conditions

  
upon a, single

_ and methods of hand-
ling used there, thus. bringing about
uniformity, and facilitating coopera-
tive marketing of wool and mutton.

Anypsheep raising community in the
state interested in sheep breeding as-
sociations can secure the‘services of
this specialist free to help organize
and promote , such associations. ‘ By
cooperation farmers in the southern
sheep feeding districts Could rentor
buy northern cut-over lands and feed
their ewes at home through the winter
and lambing period, sending them
north to pasture in summer, placing
one man in charge 'of their combined
ﬂocks. There are thousands of acres
of pasture land going to waste in Mich-
igan that should be producing high-
priced wool and mutton next year. Now
is the time to organize and make plans.

A wool famine is not only predicted
but almost upon us. Therefore, a. spe-

- cial appeal is made to sheep owners to

save from slaughter al’l. ewe lambs and
old ewes of breeding value. All'in-
quiries in regard to sheep, sheep. ,or-
ganization, or available pastures
should be addressed to Verne A. Free-
man, Extension Specialist in Sheep
Husbandry, East Lansing, Mich.

 
FEEDERS’ PROBLEMS.

 
TankageIas a Hog Feed.

I have been a reader of your paper
for some time and would like to get
some information through its columns
about feeding digester tankage, 60 per
cent protein, to fattening hogs, also to
pigs just weaned. I have car corn,
ground barley and soft corn to feed
with it. What part in pounds can it
be fed with corn or barley, or would it
do to feed it with any other feeds, such
as middlings, roots, cooked pumpkin
or skim-milk? This is a new feed to
me and would be glad to learn the
right way‘to feed it.

J. J. W.

Arenac Co.

'l‘ankage or meat meal has been
found to be a valuable supplementary
feed for either growing or fattening
hogs where corn or other carbonaceous
feeds, as barley, are used as the prin-
cipal' factor in the ration. Many ex-
pcrimentsindicute that for fattening
hogs weighing over one hundred
pounds each, about nine to ten per
Cent of tankage in the ration is the
most proﬁtable amount to use where
pigs are fed in a dry lot. Where pas-
tured on alfalfa or clover pasture, the
amount can be reduced to ﬁve per
cent with equally good results, since
the clover and alfalfa furnish 3. COMM-
erable degree of the protein and min-

w s o?

 
a. large ‘amount of ft'anka’ge can ‘be

, proﬁtably used where no other protein ,,
concentrates are, previded. As high as ‘“

twenty per cent of the ration may prof-
itably be made up of tankage where

"Fory’oung pigs 'j'u'st 'after Weaning, Z

combined with corn,7but‘if only ten _
per cent is fed and the, bslance or the _

protein needed is made up 'of linseed
meal, wheat middlings, e'tc., still bet-
terresults will be secured. , '

Where skim-milk is .available‘and f
can be fed in quantitie'sfran‘ging from '

one to three pounds of the Skim-milk
to one pound of cern 'or other carbo~
naceous feeds, depending upon the age
of the pigs, the tankage can be elimi-
nated from the ration, as the skim—
milk will furnish bothfhé protein and
mineral matter needed.,’,‘f1‘a_nkage in
fact, ranks next to skim-milk as a sup-
plementary pig’feed.’ kWhere only a.
limited quantity of milkﬁi‘s, available,
the balance of protein reqi‘iii‘e‘d can be
made up of the tankage and the other
feeds mentioned to good advantage.
In the Iowa hog feeding eXepriments
some interesting fac'ts"li9.'vé been de-
veloped with regard to the amount of
tankage required in {the ration, as
guaged by the pigs’ appetite. Where
hogs were fed on a selfifeeder under
the so-called “free choice’: system, corn
and other feeds being fed in separate
feeders or other compartments of the
same feeder, it has been‘ found that
pigs would consume about the same
proportion of tankage which has been
demonstrated to give the best results
under hand-feeding methods,'or about
ten per cent of the ratidnwhere tank-
age is fed in combination with corn.
All recent trials tendio prove that
this is the most economical method of
hog feeding, but where other feeds, as
soft corn are available, as will, be the
case in many localities this year, the
tankage should be fed along with other
supplementary grains either in' dry
form or as a slop. . ' ‘
The'addition of cocked roots or
pumpkins would not obViate the neces-
sity of feeding tankage or ’Some' other
protein concentrate for best results.
Middlings constitute .a well balanced
feed for pigs without other addition,
and where they are made a factor in
the ration, less tankage would be re-
quired. This elementin the ration
could then be reduced to nine or ten per
cent of the carbonaceous feeds used in
the combination to make a well—bal-
anced ration. The feeding of a. balanc-
ed ration enables the pig or other fani—

, mal to better utilize the Carbonaceous

 
e The Supplementing of Corn on Rape Pasture Produces Heavier. Hogs. '

The short-tailed pig on left received corn, self-fed, on rape pasture;-the
middle one, bigger and fatter, received sixty per cent tankage in a separate

added feeder.

The white shote on the right was fedsame as the wide belted

middle pig excepting that corn gluten feed was mixed equal parts .by weight

with the tankage.

The daily gains were for corn only, less than a. pound,

or .84; corn plus tankage, over a pound, or 1.25; and the corn plus glutBn-

tankage, 1.21 pounds.

The marginal proﬁts per pig. lover and: ,abovegffeed’,
costs show $4.43, $5.80 and $5.52 respectively. It.;pnys to Supplement the‘

corn grain ration on_ good pasture such as rape.- Hence,'Whyinot supplement
'thecorn' and fréap greater dividends? The best feeders pm going it endgre

grinning therhby.———John.,M.,Eyyard, Iowa ExpiSfatio'n. ~ ~ g. _

. .;.-. , It

 
:. .9an iﬁirwtyez 1"“

feeds and in this way prevents awaste
of feed, at the same timegiving better
results, particularly with growing an-
imals. ' ‘

The Kind of Live Stock to Feed.

I have been a reader of your success-
ful paper for about .twenty years, and
would like the privilege’o‘f asking oth-
er readers, as well as the editor, what,
at the present prices would be the best
investment. I have ﬁfteen thrifty
spring calves worth .arOund $500.
Should I keep the calves and grow
and feed them one year from this fall,
or sell the calves now and invest the
money In ewes, or invest-the money
in milch cows? ' .

Ingham Co. SUBSCRIBER.

This inquirer has failed to give im- .

portant facts in this inquiry which are

essential to intelligent advice on his

problem, such as the character of the

' feed available, the stabling cOnditions

and equipment for caring for the differ-
ent kinds of live stock mentioned, the
sort of pasture which will ,be‘available
next summer, etc. j :, -,. '

One thing, however, isq'ce'rtain,‘ and
t‘qt is that it will be «proﬁtnble to: feed
these thrifty young. calves‘Well during.
the winter, run them over bulge-0d pas-

ture .next summer and ﬁnish them off '

with grain feed next fall} (This will be
particularly, true if ; the, calves. are
grades of the beeffbreedsfand even if
they aredairy-bred calves, 'there‘ will
still be ’proﬂtuin wearing“ :tion, but
the periodpf; feeding. V H "

 
La

 
prey gagging
4.

‘IM

"x

‘I‘

 
'VUA‘E-' “ ’ *KM ~‘ .—

w‘

 
. 4 ., . “(EH Eth‘c areas FARME 3.
could lie-mt W the winter with ‘ ed other feeds are available as above #
very little work if they are dehorned noted. -.
and run together in a stable or Shed ,
instead or feeding them' in stalls or HERE ARE TWO. METHODS OF
stanchions. ‘ CURING PORK.
~ There is also certain to be a. good .
proﬁt ’in sheep, but sheep are very Hog killing time is coming. It is
high in price at the present time, and especially important this year that
it would be better to grow into the bus- each family cure an abundant supply
iness by the purchase of a few head of meat. P. F. ‘Trowbridge, of the Uni-
than to sacriﬁce this herd of calves to versity of Missouri College of Agricul-i
go into it on a more extensive scale. ture, offers two methods of curing
In the question whether the pur- pork: ' . ,
chase of cows wOuld be a better invest- Dry Cure—Do not cut up the pork
meat than feeding the calves, other until the carcass is well chilled. Make ,
factors are involved, such as the avail- a mixture of clean ﬁne salt forty .
able market for dairy products, the pounds, white or brown sugar tenv‘
' (Mention ofincreased labor in caring pounds, white or black pepper four
for the cows, etc. This is a question pounds, red pepper one-half pound.
which can be solved rightly only, by This will make enough cure for about
u the farmer himself. It is, however, 1000 pounds of pork. If saltpeter is
undoubtedly a wise move for every desired, use two pounds in the above.
farmer to make live stock production mixture. It will give a red color to

 
Here is some mighty valuable information for hog

raisers. Four mstructlve feedilng experiments were
conducted under the supervision of the issouri and Kansas Exper-
iment Stations at the St. Joseph, Mo., Stock Yards, to determine
the comparative values of different rations for fattening hogs.

GOCholera-immune hogs were selected and divided into lots of 15
each, as uniform in weight, quality and condition as possible.

1112 First Thing ill—3 ﬁxer-ts Eng

Previous to starting this Ending lest. the first thing the experts did
was to get rid of the worms. They knew the importance of this

3.—

 
‘. I as prominent in his scheme of farming the lean meat but has a tendency to step because no he; can thrive or fatten to best advantage unless
as circumstances will permit, because harden the meat too much. Chili salt- free from these blood-sucking, feed-consuming. disease-breeding
posts. They also knew that all hogs. unless previously treated.

are always infested with worms. This in a very important point

.1 . g
i if of the exceptional opportunities in this peter may be used instead of the regu-
for you to remember—especially now when feed prices are so high.

line of production, and the fact that lar saltpeter by taking about twenty
increased production of meat products per cent less.

is an essential need of the country at Rub each piece of meat thoroughly Following is a result of the tests covering a period of 100 days:-

Lot N0 1 with a ration of shelled com and tankage (60% protein) made

     
'me. ' '
the present ti _ . With the cure. Take specral care to a total gain of 181.4 lbs., per hog and a net proﬁt of $5.78 each.
i . Feeding Value of Skim-milk. work the cure around the ends of bone Lot N0 2 with a ration of shelled com and linseed meal (old process)
. l What is the value of skim-milk per of hams and shoulders. Pack skin ' médeagalfl 0f 147-21bS-~Del‘ hogand'met Pmﬁt “5.3.95 63°”-
, 10" ‘bs'zlf ff“ 3’, hogs" Wt‘th m?” 2%?in down 011 a table 01‘ in a box in a 0001 Lot “0- 3 {"1315 lisff‘gé’fhgf; il‘dli‘lléﬁi‘oi‘alfé‘fomdﬁiﬁe’} 323 “my
I . ' ' W051i: /2 nothe 1.138013%? 81413;?) p1 call airy place. Do not place in direct sun- Lot NO 4 with a ration of shelled com and skim-milk madeatotal gain
i an 085 0 2 ' 1i ht 01‘ in a (19mm must cellar After ' of190.81bs., rhog andanet proﬁt of $6.53 per hog forthe 100
. get about 60 01‘ 65 cents Ollt 0f the g ‘ y ' days feeding. This lot made greatest gain and the most proﬁt. '
,1
‘l

     
skim-milk by selling the whole milk four or ﬁve days overhaul the meat,

" instead of butter-fat. Which will pay rub thoroughly with the cure and re- No matter how YOU are feeding YOUR hogs, it is absolutely nec-

essary, in order to get the cheapest and best results, that they are

 
the best? . , . l
:‘2’ . Washtenaw CO. W. I. R. pack, repeat thls ”1 about a week; kept free from worms. You cannot afford to neglect giving them a good worm i
. . . . k 'n ' ' . .
- l 5 Several rules have been ldld down iiimsuigdhilﬁulifjqugogliarl? timid: destroyer and conditioner - t cheapest and best worm remedy you can buy. ‘|
' ‘ to determme the feedlng value 0f Sklm' I . ( . L _ . _ For only 254C Per month per hog you can keep your hogs free from worms,
days per pound “'elght 0f D1909 , the save feed, get aster gains. make maximum proﬁts and avoid dangerous diseases.

3: milk. One of the most universally fav-
ored of these is as follows: To ﬁnd
the value of 100 pounds of skim-milk
when fed with corn or barley at the
rate of one to three pounds of skim-

Q milk to one pound of grain, multiply

‘ the market price of live hogs by six. Brine Cure—Make a brine by boil-

If fed alone or in combination with ing seven pounds of clean salt and two

, mill feeds multiply the market price of pounds of white or brown sugar with

h! hogs by ﬁve to ﬁnd the feeding value two gallons of water. If saltpeter is

l of skim-milk. Under this rule, with desired add one—fourth pound. This

i . hogs at the price mentioned in this in- gives about enough to cover one hun-

quiry, skim-milk would. have a value of dred pounds of pork when well packed.

A eighty-nine cents per cwt. if fed with Sprinkle a~litt1e clean ﬁne salt in the

- ' corn or barley, or seventy-two and one- bottnm of the barrel, rub each piece of

' ~ half cents per cwt. if fed in combina— meatlightly with the salt, sprinkle a‘

l

because healthy, worm-free hogs are less liable to contract fatal diseases.
SAL-VET is not only best for hogs. but for sheep. horses and cattle.

"Please send us two barrels of SAL-VET at once. This is the best thing we have

ever used. We use It for sheep, horses and over 100 hogs and ﬁnd it all .ou.claim."
. _ A. J. LOVEJ‘OY Roscoe, ll mots.

Ext-Pres. International Live Stock Exhibit, Sec. Berkshire Breeder’s Au'n.

“M SADVET is all gone. Send no another barrel at once. 85.00 worth of
SA -VET saved me $10.00 worth of feed. My hogs, shee . cow. and hmes are
.l doing remarkably well. My experience has been that SA VET and worms can~
Igll not dwell together." E. A. DONTRAGER. Fairview, men.

”I "I have been in the bog busines- for thirty ears and have tried on? known ll
'1 ' remedy for s, but bavemever found any i to unl your SAlr ET. It i“!
‘ ‘

latter time is safer for meat that is to
be kept during the summer. Bacon
should be in the cure a shorter time.
Ten days will give a very nice mild
cure to a six or eight pound piece.

 
. .» < - .A A,«v p.»»4.-.,' ,v . \I
t’arr-a-M.~ns.«¢1‘l~5.5e.s3‘;&AW4wwrma'EW 1 i ' " , ‘

     
l
remedy like SAL-VET -- the reatest, safest. surest and most widely used worm ‘

\

l

3)

”I“ outainly does a work and Is easy to feed. I f it to 'ttle pigs. boars. preg-
l .13! mt IWI and ﬁnd it. 0. K. l'll never be without SAL-VET."
G MARSHALL& N Monroe, low

M . F. . SO , a.
' Owners of SIlVel‘ Cup Herd of Poland Chinas.

' - You can test SALVET 60 days
: Tes‘: It 60 Days At our RlSk at our risk. Go to your dealer l
ill; and get afsupgg onIfour absolute guarantee that it will do all claimed for it or

no .

1 money re . he cannot. apply you write to us. Don’t continue
wasting high priced feed by feeding worm mfested shock.

NOTE- We have inst issued a New Live Stock Book that mm be um free on reigned.

tion with less carbonaceous feeds. light layer of salt between each layer

. Another rule is that when skim-milk 0f meat. PM on a board and weight
a is fed with corn to fattening hogs, its down with a rock. Allow to stand over
" value is half the market price of corn
per bushel, which under normal condi-
tions will give approximately the same

" feeding value to skim-milk as the for-

night. Tip the barrel on side and al-
low the liquor to run out. Cover the
meat with the cold brine and allow to
stand in a cool place for four or ﬁve
mer rule. , days. Overhaul, ' repack, and cover
I with the same brine. Repeat in about ‘
g

i

l

 
Feeding Barley to Hogs. . .
Will you kindly advise me the best a weak- Flve the 919‘“ the; same
method to feed barley to hogs, for length of time for curing as w1th the
growing purvproilses, ale; for fatteréing dry cure.
purposes? ich is t e best fee of . . , ~ ,
these three to fatten hogs: Rye, bar- When the curing 15 complete “35h
ley, and soft corn? There is no corn off the excess cure and hang in the CONSERVATlON Conserve time

119;: excteptcthat WhiCh is 80ft I P smokeh-ouse. Meat kept in the cure money and W horse's strength by using
E 91008 a}; 01' d 1 be ' d f ‘ too long should be soaked in warm wa— . p ,
7 h ey : .oub tray: groun h 01 ter to remove the excess of the cure. _ ‘ . "-- .. RED TlP CALKS
'l . Ogs' an SS 63.”) eth ﬁgmg :gs SHIOke With hickory, oak, apple, 01' . ,. , ' W They will enable your horse totravel on slip- ‘
m connec 1011 WI 0 er S’ pre er- any non-resinous wood. Avoid all wood - ’ . ' pery.icy roads and streets in absolute safety.
ably middlings or some nitrogenous . . . , They canoe adjusted ina few minutes and
. of the pine family. With a continuous make you ready for the road any time—day
i concentrate. If fed on pasture, all re- smudge the smoking can be completed ' y 01‘ “Mt‘eﬁminmnl dancer and deny-
1.‘ . . . . , _ . ‘ :_'-< - ’ RS ‘ s
f} ‘ centt experiments indicfate that . the in twenty-four hours. Vvith mtermit— , « 551,511.15.“th ﬁfxmt'ﬁﬁ’ﬁgi.
' ‘. 4 mos economical way 0 feeding e1 t er tent smoking longer time is necessary » G0“ them 30‘“ Your “059mm“ “0"
, ' growing or fattening hogs is with a self— as cold meat “takes the smoke” slowl Booklet C.will besent free on request.
I' l feeder, giving them a mixed ration or . l" m amour mu. Mir-um. I. J.
‘ \ . . u ' , ,, ’ , Wrap the meat to keep 1t away from
. permitting them a free chaice 0f am the skippers If rats or mice get at

ferent feeds fed in separate feeders or the meat they open a way for the skip-
$2.1m Gorillilrfgrtbzlflne ts iiiwtrfersalze pers. In damp weather cured meats
1 be f ed. in the form of 2.101) to go 0d car?- will mold. This is not injurious except

3' vantage It has a slightly less fee din it is advisable to use up shoulders, as
- ' »“ ' _ , g the mold grows in the cracks and calls
value than corn, and Is not quite as for excessive trimming
palatable to the hogs.’ . '

Soft corn should be‘utilized as at C R. Dysart of Andrew county Mo
least a portion 0f the ration where it shoﬁved up in {he Chicago market-:01; a,

 
We Want Cooked Food“

   
is available, as feeding hogs is the recent day with a shipment of eight y - “ So every sensible h%mCook Food tastes
most economical use which can be carloads 0‘ cattle. He obtained $1550 » ' ‘ W’lmﬁi'vo'fﬁhmofim. "i
e of this feed per 100 pounds for 60 head of year— " ”-23.6... explainirls the «unwa- of ‘
mad’ - lings which averaged 1075 pounds. His L“ J " - M‘W‘mg‘m “mm” 3
Rye is an excellent hog feed, com- cattle had been on a full feed of corn " ‘ - ‘ H E ESE" COOKERS 9
paring favorably with barley, and re- 211111081 “lie 6%“; day’ttlllf May, and during - i B '33 In.“ ”mg-W MEN“ ‘
Quirinl about the same treatment in e as “VS ey were fed five ‘3“ ”“h- ' ”3“" .L’ﬁh—n M‘ F
» . .. , - pounds of molasses feed. The cattle mucus...“ 323‘ m =$°“§’4L ' m""°""
feedinﬁ- It 15: WWW”. higher in were bought last December and rough- mash m... cum' Indus-coir“:-

      
price than harley’and higher than corn ed along on pasture, stalk ﬁelds. hay
will be after the new crop isharvest- a: 5.11901! com- Mr. Dysart said the . , ' , _ ,
eaoothatnwoum not beaneconomlc t 3““ we“ made “Ping “8““ When Writing to advertisers please state that ,

. p , . ,7 and September, after being put oniull
M v»‘*'°°.‘r‘-~‘.‘-‘“°‘l‘t PWW'iﬁed- - . ., ‘ you sow -tholr on. In The" Michigan Former.

 
la—mﬁ
cursor-1115' 1111111010111.

Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us
Ten Days before date of publicationd

 
We Olier a Few Special Bargams
In S. C. White Leghorn cockerels, Ram—
bouillet rams, Hampshire pigs (either
sex) and Holstein bulls. A good chance
for a small investment to reap the bene-
fit of a large expenditure of capital and
years of expert breeding.

Flanders Farm, Orchard Lake, Mich.

CATTLE.
Aberdéen- Angus

Herd established in 1900. Trojan—Ericas and Black
birds only. Bulls 1n service; Black Brand on
Enos of Woodcote 191382. Also breeders of Percheron

d 811 ddl H
VFOODCOTE 0itl‘TOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.

ANGUS CLOVERLY STOCK RANCH.
Bulls, Cows and Heifers for
sale. GEO. HATHAWAY «Ir SON, Ovid. Mich.

ABERDEEN- ANGUS Bevegabull calves

T.E. CRUCHSHANK. R. 2. Evart. Mlch.

M. S. D. AYRSHIRES

We have for sale a choice lot of young stock from
A. R. dams. Also a few mature cows. Write for
particulars.

W. L. HOFFMAN, Steward,

School for the Deaf, Flint, Michigan

 
Registered Guernseys

Stock always for calls. Ma Rose Shtrain—Herd Tuber-
cuiin tested annual ha ad a reactor —— no
abortion. J.l\ .WILLIAMVS, 1North Adams, Mich.

 
UERNSEYS, must reduce herd so offer a few choice
G females of Glenwood breeding also bulls. all star I:
of A. R. breeding, herd tuberi ulin tested. Do not 11 rite
about females but come at ome as they are priced to
sell. ..V HICKS. Battle Creek Michigan.

-REGISTERED

GUERNSEY BULL canvas

Cointa n1 blood of world chain ions.
lllCKS' OOUERIJSEY FARM. Saginaw. Mich

 
For Sale, four young
G LI 6 rn SC V 8" registered cows. Tuber-
ouline tested. Geo N (‘rau ford, Holton. Mich.

 
Registered and Grade cows. bulls
Guernseys yearlings, heifer calves: will lsell
20. Some with 1':erord.~1; choice of ~15: must reduce herd;
tuberculin tested. Avondale Stock Farm, Wayne. lich.

 
EG. Guernsey bull- 2 years old prize winner a few
tows.J also 111111 calves. MayR ose breedin
HN E BET S R 2 Holland Michigan.

Gluny Stock Farm

100 Registeredl Holsteins 100

For Sale—Nicely marked 7 mos. old bull. Sire-
Dutchland Colantha \Vinana Lad No.114067. Grand
Champion Bull at Michigan State Fair 1917. Dam
a, 19. 2 lb Sr. 2 r. old. She produced in first four
milking perio s 50. 634. 6 lb. milk (private record).
average 37 8lb. a (lay. Dam s dan1,a20 8 lb cow.
produced 1n ﬁrst eight milking periods 92 417 lb.
milk. If you are looking for producing qualities,
send for pedigree and price on this one

R. Bruce McPherson, Howell, Mich.

EG. HOLSTEINS: Herd headed by Albina Bent.
. R124 Dam' s record at 6 yrs. butter
3.58 lbs. milk 619. 4.

11".”ny record at 2% yrs butter
802111.. 11111111111112.1115. 111m 13.1111 Howell M11111

 
A Yearling Heifer. ure bred Hol-
For sale stei11,S1re.Colantha ohannaCream-
elle Lad. Darn. Elizab beth SeDgis Lyons. If you want
something good. write. Geo. DClarke, Vassar, Mich.

Friecian Heifers. 3 to 6
RegiStered HOlSICln mosfold. Some from 30111.
sires. Priced to sell. Fred J. Lange. Bebewaing, Mich.

 
I Always Have Holsteins
To Sell

It wanting Registered cattle write me your wants
before placing your order elsewhere.

L. E. CONNELL, Fayette, Ohio

Buy Your Bulls From Parham' : Podigm Slack Farm
Choice Registered Holstein calves from A. R. O. cows.
RA YB PARHAM, Bronson. Michigan.

 
3 llolslein lleilers 32121311 “’8 163." .1321‘3‘iod'i‘1’215

of 35 lb. cow. bred to 9i brothert030 “1.4 yr. old. Terms
if wanted. M. L. McLAULIN. Redford. Michigan.

"rap-1011111" HULSTEINS

“Milk production is an inherited ability. Good cows
must be bred to good pure bred bulls if progress in
dairying is to be made'

ExtractU. S. Dept. of Agric. Bulletin.

 
Here is a young bull wiwths inherited abilitivg. and rare

individua mer1t. bo.2rnDec
,,.g,..333... 113313
. . 1 u or ays ;
His Sire 8 Earn 8 Milk 30 Da 5 , 2615.70
900' Butter 1 Year 838.4
\dilk 1 Year 18675. 8]

 
His Sire' s Sire' s three nearest Dams average Butter

7 Days 30. 87. (Including a junior three and senior
four yr.o ol.d )
His Dam 3 Record i Butter 7 Days 21.24
D3 Yrs D4 Days Milk 7 Days 452.8
ams am
Almost 302118.; Butter 7 Days 29.40

About. 9i white. Price low for this quality. .

”when” Fm Co., Howell, Mich.
IIIIISIEII BIIII. “H.333: i‘t‘ikv‘did’q, four

farmers prlces.‘ , snail. built 111.1;

0110]" Easy Paymentl’lan “° wag

, W1 1011 re
irimbm 3‘" 11 °‘" M 21111111111. 10111.13

 
1.1.1111    ‘
FEMALES

Fifteen head of cows, heifers and calves
for sale. Some have A. R. 0. Records
above 21 lbs. butter in 7 days, and all
Will average by their 6 to 7 nearest test-
ed dams over 22 lbs butter in 7 days.
Grand daughters of King of the Pontiac
and King egls. _

Extraordinary fine breeding at less

than auction prices.
All bred to calve before March.

BIBELOWS HﬂLSTEIN FARMS,

BREEDSVILLE, MICH.

OAK LEAF FARM -
Herd Sire __
Ypsiland Sir Pieter-tie De Kol
Registered Holstein cows & bull calves fine individu-
als cows safe in calf satisfaction guarantee
E. H. (19.111111111115011, Marcellus. Mich. R. No. 4.

WINWTOOD H ERD
REGISTERED HOLSTEINS

Holton, Mich.

Reference. Old State Bank. Fremont Mich.

Flint Ma Iecrest Bot?3 sire in service
His sire is Map ecrest Korn k0 Hengerveld. his 8
Nearest Dams each over30 lbs. of butter in7€sayosf
His dam and grand dam both made over lZi‘H
butter in lyear. It isthe yearly cow 11s are looking
for to deliver the goods. Flint Mapleorest ch' sDam' 1s
Gluck Vassar Bell. 30. 57 lbs. of butter in 7 days and 120
lbs. in30 days. Her butter rat testis 5. 27. This looks
about right to the man who goes to the Creamery.
We have Bull Calves from 2 weeks to 8 Amonths old for
sale at dairv farmers' prices all outof A.R. O. Heifers.
Write & tel us the kind of a bull you want.

John H.Winn. (Inc.,) Holton. Mich.

Dairymen--With Feed Coats Rising

Where Are Your Proﬁts ?

The Money-Making Cows Today are
$25 HOLSTEINS
they give enormous yie ds of milk

and butterfat at owest feed
and labor costs.
Write for Free Information.
THE HOLSTElN-FRIESlAN ASSOCIATION
OF AMERICA. Box 164, Brattleboro, Vt.

EG. Holstein Bull Calf. The last one until winter.
R agood one withA 11.0. backing. Write for iecl-
igree and pl 106 Elmer E.Smith,1{edford,

FOR Sale One registered Holstein bull calf. Sire's
twenty nearest dams have 7. da. records av. 25 .53 lb.
butter. Dam to be tested. A finely marked. growthy
individul. Long Veiw Farm. R 3 Box 10A, Rochester, Mich.

 
FOR Sale. Reg. Holstein bull calf born Sept. 15.
Half white. in show form. College Sire, A. R. O. dam
pricelow. (1. L. HULETTa SO Okemos. Mich.

CHOICE Holstein bulls nearly old enough for
service. No. born January 24,1917 sire’ s dam,
grand dam and great grand- dam' ssemi- o clal records
average 842 lbs butter Dam of calf 18 lbs. butter 7 days
assenlor2yr. -old. average per cent fat 4. 3. No.2 Sired
by 23 lb bull and out a 14 lb. unior 2—yr. -old.
0. L. BR .Owner. ort Huron. Mich.
Chas. l‘etere, Herdsman. Three Rivers, Mich.

Butter Fat Counts

Holstein Bull Calves from a 30 lb. 6 53 iSire. Dam
are rand daughters of the King of the Pontiace.
The rdams grand dau hters of Sadie Vale Concordia
the first 30“). cow. dwin S. Lewis. Marshall Mich.

For Sale 10 Registered Holstein Heifer:

from 1% to 2 years old. lSome in calf, overstocked and
will sell at the right price.
Starkweather Stock Farm. Northville. Mich.

f

Jersey Bulls for Sale... ’°“‘ remnants-1.1a

semi-ofﬁcial test. 0 B We ner. B. 6.Alle¢§n. Mich
' ' For sale ten months

l'llllslde Farm Jerseys. old 111111 backed on both

sides byR ofM. dams with high omcial records.

C. it 0. DEAKE. - Ypsilanti. Michigan

 
Lillie Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Bull calves flrom R
f M Cows. also heifer calves and several bred

o .
heifers for sale. Colon C Lillie. Coopereville. Mich

 
Two registered Jerse sbull c l es.S len-
F" ‘3'. did individuals. Good dedigreeg. vPric‘efd to
sell. Long Veiw Farm. R 3. Box 1.0A Rochester.Mich.

F OR sale. 2 yr old bull out of a R of M dam record

519. 8 lb. butter' 1n one yr. sire ajesty' 12 Wonder :1
R. of M. sir‘f with lOdau hters in the R. of

Write FRE A. BREN AN Sec. .. St. Clair 00.

Jersey Cattle? Club. Cacao. Mich.

B. of M. Jerse herd offers for sale
M8 plc me tuberculin testyed cow's. bulimb bull
calves Marrying the best B. of M. bloodo fteh reed.
IR VIN F0 X. Allegan. Mich.

The Wildwood Jersey Farm

offers for sale choice young bulls from R. of M. dams.
good enough to head any herd. We invite inspection.
ALVIN BALDEN. Capac. Mich.

 
F0 R S A L m 31:11:11 J32”? b“""
(
SMITH and manna R. 4. yndwzll, Mich.

 
40 --SHORTHORNS- 40

5--Percheron Mares-5
l--Yearling Belgian Stallion--l
Will be sold at auction at the farm near
Elsie, Mich. Monday, Nov. 19, at 10 am .

Thirteen Cows, some with calves, six
two year old bred heifers, 12 open heif-
ers, 8youngbulls. Never before in 'a
Mich. Sale Ring has there been an o
ortunity to secure such pure Scotc-
red cattle. The catalog tells the tale
and should be in every ood breeder’ 5
hands. C. M. Jones, ixby, Miller,
Rowell & Convis, Auctioneers.
H. B. Peters, Prep" Garland, Mich.

R. R. Station Ellie

51111111111111 Callie of both Sex [or Sale

w. w. xx arr. noun.

Manama 11:“:

old John” Quill

 
1111111"le

  
11111111mmImmutamimmlmmmunnmnmunn WMIIMIH

Grange.
W

h

STATE GRANGE orncsns." 1

Master—~John C. Ketcham, Hastin s.
Overseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecumse .

sing.

Secretaiy—Jennie Buell, Ann Arbor.

Treasurer—F rank Coward Bronson.

Executive Committee—Jae. Helme,
Adrian; Geo B. Horton, Fruit Ridge;
J. W. Hutchi‘ns, Hanover; W: F. Tay-
lor Shelby; Wm. H. Welsh, Sault Ste
Marie; N. P. Hull, Dimondale; Burr
Lincoln, Harbor Beach.

 
THE GRANGE AND THE FARMER.

(Continued from last week).

Dealers are getting from two to ﬁve
dollars a ton for handling feed this
summer, and considering the way in
which they'must do it, their proﬁt is
not too great. But it is not necessary
to do it in this way. The Granges of
the state should be associated with a
few large reputable milling companies
who could furnish all mill feeds ﬁrst-
hand at current prices. The terms of
payment should be always, “Sight
draft attached to bill of lading.” We
can never get lowest prices on feeds
while we ask companies to wait until
secretaries of Granges deliver goods
and collect the money. But we should
not only be Connected with large mill-
ing companies but we should extend
our purchases far to the. south, the cen-
ter of production of cottonseed meal,
and should be able to furnish that pro-
duct as low as anybody in Michigan
can obtain it. Our members are buy-
ing trainloads of cottonseed meal ev-
ery year. They buy it by the single
bag, or in lots of a few hundred pounds
for the most part, and they have to
pay each distributor who has handled
it since it'left “The Sunny South,” and
they have all charged enough for the
handling. We ought to be able to cut
all of this out and go direct to the
original source of supply, and bring
our cottonseed meal in carlots by the
shortest road to the town, large or
small, where it is to be distributed to
the farmers who will feed it. It ought
to leave the mill down south and never
rest until it is in the farmer’s store-
house.

Think of the people on farms who
buy their ﬂour. Our soft Michigan
wheat does not make good bread ﬂour,
and so we buy hard wheat ﬂour, either
winter or spring wheat from the west.
This ﬂour is shipped in carlots to dis-
tributors in the state, or else the wheat
is shipped and ground here, and then
often the ﬂour is blended with that
from Michigan wheat-

It may be that the introduction of
hard Michigan wheat will lessen the
demand for western varieties, and also
for western ﬂour, but it is too much to
hope that this demand will disappear
entirely, or be greatly lessened for
some time to come. In every‘ section
Where farmers buy their ﬂour in whole
or in large part, they should get it in
carlots and distribute it at the station.
It is simply a matter of good business
that they should do this, and right
here is an opportunity for Granges to
serve their respective comniunities.

Another way in which the Grange
might better serve the farmer, is in the
matter of legislation proposed in which
he is interested. The, inaction of sub-"
ordinate Granges last fall, when the
bill providing for “The Torrens Sys-
tern of Land Registration” was up for
initiation by petition, was regretable,
to say the least. Designing. men, who
would prevent the passage of any and]
all bills limiting the proﬁts of abstract
companies, say thatfarmers do not
'want “The Torrens System.” Of course
:we who know the people‘ of the cann-
try know better, but nevertheless, the

 
:‘ “(To ht continuediﬁ'

lliililllillilililliiill

Lecturer—Dora H. Stockman, Lan-v

’and served with hot coffee.

claim has force in it. when 12' (insider he
Ethel): inaction V

Farmers Clubs

MWIMIIINIilllllllillilllllllllllI|Illlllllllllﬂlliillilliiwmiﬂﬂlilﬂlﬂliillii' 2"

Address all communications relative
to the organization of new Clubs to
Mrs. J. S. Brown, Howell, Mich.

 
FARMERS’ CLUB FAIRS.

The Washington Center Farmers’
Club held its fair at the Town Hall on
Thursday, October 11.‘ We did not
have the usual chicken-pie dinner, but
each one
which was spread upon a long table
The ex—
hibits were not as plentiful as in more
seasonable years, but in glancing over
about one hundred articles, including
some very beautiful fancy work, show-
ed that the spirit of the Farmers’ Club
was not on the decline and there would
be plenty for our army of workers in
Washington township and some to
spare. After the noon hour the house
Was called to order by Vice-president
Mrs. O. J. Campbell. Two schools,
Miss McEnderfer’s, of. District No. 3,
and Mr. Schnieder’s, of Washington
Center, dismissed for the afternoon
and entertained the more than one
hundred visitors and members with
songs and recitations.
on the Farm—Our Boys and Girls,”

showed when older ones are unable to
perform a duty, they are able and will-
ing to ﬁll the place. Mr. Chambers,
our county agent, gave an interesting
talk on “Thoroughness,” which every
farmer should practice and receive less
worry and more encouraging results.
The next in order was the raising of a
ﬂag pole and hoisting of the ﬂag for

the Center School, while the company .

sang “We’ll Rally Round the Flag. " The
next meeting will be held at Shade-
lands, the home of Mr. and Mrs. O. J.
Campbell, on the second Thursday of
November. A chicken-pie dinner will
be served—Cor. Sec.

 
CLU B DISCUSSIONS.

The Benefits of Food Administra-
tiorL—At a. recent meeting of the Con-
way Union Farmers’ Club the question,
“Will the farmer, dealer and manufac-
turer be equally beneﬁted by the pres
ent food administration?’ was opened
by A. B. Cook. Mr. .Cook thinks the ob-
ject of the new food meaSure is to han-
dle the food products so that the con-
sumer can buy at the least cost and
still the producer may have a good

proﬁt. The actual producer does not
realize his share of the maximum
price. The man who does realize the

maximum price does not have, ahand
in raising the crop. The bill which
passed congress aims to give farmer

and miller the same basis, and to give ‘

to each a good remuneration with little
speculation. Heretofore agencies have
taken hand in raising price for selﬁsh-
ness. Thepresent food administration
is meant to encourage the farmer to
stay on the farm.
farmer, dealer and manufacturer will
be beneﬁted for each willbe treated
on the same basis. The question was
also discussed by Glen Burkhart. He
said the elevators are required tohave
a license and report each week the
quantity, price and where the grain is
shipped. The government has a right.

to hold space in elevators and storage.”

A man has been sent through cities
and villages to take the capacity. of
elevators and storage hay buildings.
Speculation is poor business. In the
end the speculator goes to the wall.
The present food administration is an
incentive to :the farmer to produce
maximum crops and both producer and
consumer will receive good remunera-
tion. Mrs. Clarence. Fuller read a pa--
per ‘on the question, “Is it advisable
for the housewife to buy provisions
ahead?” She said it is a natural ten-
dency when the price is low to buy and
store for the future, but now when the
best of our nation are going away to
ﬁght for this great country of ours, we
should be careful in buying. We do
not know the future needs of our great
army and any prudent- houseWife
should not buy ahead for any great
lengthgf time and exhaust the supply.

in case sugar should unexpectedly low-

or ﬁfty per cent in price, m'any house-'

wives would naturally order a supply-

for a length of time, which would not
ggily exhaust the supply, but cause the

  
exit prices and in the preach cris

brought their own lunch ‘

“The Best Crop;

Mr. Cook thinks ’

 
co to rise much higher. Updf i 1112955

 
~ ..-' '

.‘u‘kk ‘_ pet.

 
I

'Was‘lltenaw County Holstein-Friesian
. Cattle Breeders’ Club Sale
Ypsilanti, Michigan
(At Ypsilanti Farms. 1} Miles West of City on Eectric Line)

Wednesday, November 14, at 10 A. M.

The sale will comprise over 50 ‘

head from the herds of the mem-
bers of this Breeders’ Club. Over
half of the offerings are cows
fresh or bred to high-class sires
to freshen through this fall an
winter. .

F» I F T E E N GRANDDAUGH-
TEES AND SIX GREAT
GRANDDAUGHTERS OF KING
OF/THE .PONTIACS AND PON-
TIAC KORNDYKE are among
the attractive oﬂerings.

KING ' PONTIAC JEWEL
KORNDYKE No. 94184 will be
offered, simply because the herd
which he has headed for four
years ﬁnds it necessary to avoid
inbreeding to dispose of him. He
is a son of the KING OF THE
PONTIACS, the greatest iving
dairy sire with more 30- ound
daughters, more 40-pound daugh-
ters, and more ARO daughters
than any other living sire. His
dam is a daughter of De Kol 2d’s
Butter Boy 3d, and his granddam
a daughter of Pontiac Korndyke.
He has 10 A. R. 0 daughters to
his credit and many more com-

ing on to test. This is an unus-
ual opportunity for one or more
breeders to procure a tested sire,
gentle and all right in every way
and right in his prime.

Other sires represented in the
offerings in this sale are King
Lunde Pontiac Korndyke 15th,
No. 142487, out of a son of King
of the Pontiacs and a daughter
of Pontiac Korndyke; Mercena
De Niilander No. 149013, out of
a son of Pontiac De Nijlander
(35 lbs); Sire Mina Korndyke
No. 129169; King Hartog Elze-
vote No. 70642: Vale Piebe Paul
De Kol No. 44073; Ordello Lyons
Zd’s Count No. 35419; Woodcrest
De K01 Lad No. 45103; Elzevere
King of Butter Kings No. 71595.

GET YOUR CATALOG AND
COME TO THIS SALE. There
Will ‘be attractive offerings for
the discriminating breeder able
to pay any price, for him who de-
sires to get started in pure-bred
cattle at a moderate price,
and for him who has grade
cattle and recognizes the proﬁt
in using a pure-bred sire.

Address WILLIAM B. HATCH, Secretary,

Ypsilanti, Michigan

 
Jerseys and Duroc Jerseys

 
Tho most important thing in buyin a Jersey bull is to get one backed up by generations of high

producers, BrOOkwater oll'ers to sell a cw choice

bull calves of thi k' .
won more prizes at the State Fairs this year than any other. 8 md

Our herd oi Dumas has

Boar Pigs and Year-lingo For Sale.

1!. w. umronn.
_ owns:

Ann Arbor,

 
BROOKWATER FARM

O. F. FOSTIR,
IAN AGER

Ml h., R. 7.

 
“B . at Long Beach Farm, Augusta, Mich‘.

Choice Holstein bulls, $80up.

4 to 14 mos. old from A. R.O. dams from noted families. Our

junior Herd Sire is stated to be aworld beater. His sire is Spring Farm King Pontiac 6th. His dam

a 28.63 lb. 6 yr. old daughter of DeKol 2nd Butter Boy _3rd.

You should have our illustrated book-

let. Our herd is under state and Government supervision.

F O R S A L E Thoroughbred Jerseys
It all llglbl tor registrati swig only” ”do m";
n s e e on. 00 many a mus

. held! Land & Improvement 00.. Balding, Mich.

BllllllELL suonluonls

- For Beef and Milk.

58w. candy for urvlee. 15 month to 25mm. for
sale; also good Scotch-topped cows and heifers. Mod.
ern. sanitary equipment. 'One hour from Toledo.
Ohio. N. Y. O. R'y. Visitors Welcome. Write us.

BID'WELL STOCK FARM
Box B, Tecumseh, Michigan.
Shorlhll'nﬁﬁ‘fgi’lal’”! bred. B edin @3081: all

0 ottoman cos. . . rum.
Socy. Out. Klein. shot-thorn Broodors' use. IcBrldo. lich.

SHORTHORNS ﬁlm 13,31“ §°’2,' Er?”
. o oo
sale. 1. B. Yonowoll, Macon. Michigan. or
SW“??? 3133‘ ”131’" Ell???" “ '1"to “me "
to w l o , co . o . lono x.
w Million“, 1‘ mos. ‘50; d. Carlson, Ignaz, High,
‘ ‘ the original milk ctrai a young
BM Shottnoms bullsSmoa. old forsale. Price
81H) to ”00- _ J. B. HUMUEL. Mason. ich.
' B lie 9 mod. to 22 . ld f
Shorthoms' 3.3.41 milking oowtolc’rioces £12?
osnablo. ‘COLLAR 8308.. R. 2. Conklln Mich.
Reglslcrcd+8horillorn Bulls “ lb 332%?“
Shropshire sheep. W. J. Leosltcr. Balding, Mich.
liking Shorthornar-‘Bull col! 5 moon by a (ha/ud-

son tGenel-al Ola .damb aso fG lCl ,
3150. A luv toml... E. n.noyoru?‘lro:}l°c§?lll§ .

F Sale Shorthorns; 5Ifemales from 2 years to 6
01' Years old two nulls from 6 mos. to 9 mos.
old. FRANK ROHRAéACHER, Laingsburg. Mich.

Shorthorn calves at d b l K'
HGIlSlBI’Bd 2nd. 410475. both can: :1 Fulﬁll: 033v:
325003011. WMJJ. BELL, Rose City. Mich.

Shortho a ll. 6 _
For Sale mm matings"? 2 m:- old
“.8. Clyde Station. J. DoGu'mo. ILJ. Hilton], Iich,

For sale Beef Herd

Twen ~three head of hi 11 grade Here

fords, emales comingt ree years old

bred to calve next May. Three ear old

pure bred bull. Price of herd $2800.
AS. N. McBRIDE,

M... ,( Sbhmeo.,)'Mloh. \ »

Meadow Brook Ilerfeords

Ty .- 0) build. 8 you-li‘n andiﬁ c l .
mi: ’aMgoOARTY. 3' Bdl‘l’lémlfl’gﬁ.

 
.' ‘ thor 5 both. ”res. harden“.
8“ ”mum-Rachman-

 
. We have six out loads of well
Feeders For sale bred Shorthom grades. We
can sell. these so as to save you money as com )ared
VLiEhtglh‘igggo. _Ffree from conta lloustlHeuseo. 1‘ rite
r ‘ln orlna .lon. ‘ lo onnin 8 ‘arms.

. M. Shoesmlth General Manager. Bailey. ui‘cll.

SHUB’I‘HOBNS. Butterfly Sultan. half brother to
Internatlonal Sr. Champion. in service. For ocd
bulls.oows,and heifers. W.B.McQuillan,Howell.l\ ich.

F OR SA L E Pelr..l‘.f3.12‘éll°t% it‘ll?

' ‘JESSE T. F0 . l’rattvllle. Mich.

Cattle For Sale

Loads feeders and two loads yon-ling steers. Also
can show you_any number 1. 2 and 3 years old tron
600 to 1200 lbs. Isaac Shanetum. Fairﬂeld. Iowa. ll-B.

— —.-

_ H005.

 
eral advanced registry records.
0. cows.

 
inaw, Michigan.

Spring Giltl and fall boar pigs of the ﬁn-
Duroc est breeding. a. 13'. UALKINS.
Longacres, R. 6. Ann Arbor. Mich.

 
n I. A few good males sired by Joe Orion 2nd
ll "3 Dam by Orion Ch. Kinh r.
A. FLE ING. Lake, Mich.

 
Fox SALE two good yearling Duroc Jersey Bears
Registered by Edward 1”. No. 70193 ogt

of Orion Cherr Lass No. 168726. W. E. SCRIPPL.
WI D \vVOOD FARMS, Orion, Mich.

S rill His and
Duroc J 6 rse .33” 5.5. w...
sex. E. D. HEYDENBER . Wayland; lch.

 
UROCS of good quality and breedin . yearling and
springpi s of Air“ furrow. priced c_loap for quick
sale. H. U. AESEES Eli. Cassopolis. Mich.

 
. b' th .
Dunne “Ills lllfld3.llé§$o:§olllalllg“11:220. b35313
once. RUSH BROS. Romeo. Mich.

 
UROCS for sale, 1 fall boar. 7 Spring boars, good
breeding. ‘Vrite for description and prices.
J. D. CRANE dc SON, Plainwell. Mich.

Buroc “ml; Extra lpod spring pig: for sale.
CAREY U. DMOND . Hastings. Mich.

 
Du race and Victorian
Heavy bone. lengthy 8 ring Bears and Gllta from prize
winners sired by one o the best Sons of the Great De-
fender & other noted strains. ll. T. STORY. Lowell. Mich.

SWIGARTDALE

BER K'SH’IRES

We are offering afew very desirable
gilts and bearings. All will be of cod
sue for bree in and service by ec-

them the have made about 1 lb. per
day for eir age.

We do not claim to have the cheapest
in rice but we do claim to have the
hes in quality and type.

PETERSBURG, MICHIGAN

, o r ll Che Ki
Duroc-Jerseys 33$.- dlfmlllecl for 113:.

row. J. n. BANGHART. Em mnalng, MICh.

Bows a d ilts bred to Eureka Cherry Ki
Duroc and Orllmsgn Critic son of Critic Model 131%
champion Iowa Fair. W. C. Taylor. Milan. Mich.

nunoc MARS AND sows

'Ihe bl gent, longest. growthiest and best bred of

Spin oars. Blast fal boars by Panama Special

65883. Tbhfnll'sboarsmiﬁplr.n
NEWTON BABNHA . ‘

 
: It red 5 ring Doors. Md
MU" 3mm sown-1:613. Omens“! Boer. Write
your wanto._ Orlpo L. Dob-on. Quincy. Mich.

DUROO 30621.. First. second and Thirdl’rine‘ Bonus
at State Fair mt in your order tornherd boat
It Plum 8 ' '

V-v

 
once. . . .
l'. J. D3001). Prop. 3.}. onroo. Hickman

F O R SALE Bandstargsssi

King blood. FRED LAWLER Augusta. Mich.

‘ ’

. Big Type O. I. C 3.
Stock of all ages for sale. We showed at. (our state
fairs and won more champions and Grand Champions
than all the other breeders together double. we were
Premier Breeder and I'lxhibtor at ovary fair we show-
ed. We Breedthe best. We sell-the best. >Wo Guaran-
tee them to be the best. Write your wants. Get our
Catalogue. We shi on approval.

GRAND ‘LL and SON, Cass City. Mich.

 
ember lst. Thoug we have not pushed ;

SWIGABTDALE FARM. .

otnkln . . .
St. Johns. Mich.

Raise Chester Whites.
Like This

the original big prod ucel's~

.sus.‘ '- .‘ I _...' ' " ,
‘N‘ .4 K I. .. > "‘ .
I HAVE Wtbonundeofbreedenon theroadto
success. I can help you. I_want toplaee one ho from
m..." "33“...“ mmlrw'masarmmcr
months oil! _ erta for my plan— ‘ More Money from Boga};-
O. I. BENJAMIN, 3.1, D, 10. Mud, Hichigan

 
HESTER Whites and 0. I. 0. .for sale.- Big type
Baring Boars and gilts from prize winning stock

for ﬂ oen years. Also some fall Sign. . .
A. B. Combs & Son, 1“ . Allen, Michigan.

 
.B eel Gilts all sold. Special prices on
Chm Ill-arch boars. M506 months Holstein
Dull. F. W. ALEXANDER, Vassar, Mich.

BOARS

a Bit ﬂowtby fellows.

 
The kind that pleases.
I ship C. O. D. and pay express.

 
L... .7 ; J. CARI. JEWE‘TT. Mason-,Mich.

A

13 are granddaughters of King Fayne Segis.
in calf to a grandson of K. P. Pontiac Lass, the ﬁrst cow in the
world to make 44 lbs. of butter in 7 days.
fresh young cows, and substantially all are daughters of the A.

R. O. sire, King Keka Fayne, a son of King Fayne Segis, the
sire of Segis Fayne Johanna, the ( nly 50 lb. cow in the world.

1 Five bulls will be offered for sale, including our herd bull, j

‘ Spring Farm Pontiac Cornucopia 4th, a grandson of K. P. Pon-

tiac Lass, and whose dam has an A. R. 0. record of over 22 lbs.

of butter in 7 days as a 4 year old. His sire is the $15,000.00

bull, Spring Farm Pontiac Cornucopia.

This herd for a number of years has been under State

Supervision and is free from disease and a certiﬁcate of a licensed

'3 veterinarian, approved by the State Veterinarian, showing that

' each animal is free from tuberculosis, will be furnished. Noth-
ing will be reser ved from this foundation herd. Every animal
Will be sold to the highest bidder. “

Automobiles will run from the Bancroft _Hotel at Sag- *
ham to the farm on the date of the sale, November 8th.

Catalogues will be ready November 211d. which may be
had on application to John F.

    
~ Auction Sale
50-AHolstein-Friesian Cattle--50

Having decided to lease our farm, we will sell at public
auction, at the Callam Stock Farm, on J anes St., 4 miles east
of the city of Saginaw, Michigan, on

Thursday, November the 8th, 1 9 l 7

At 9 o’clock In the Forenoon

our entire herd of choice pure bred registered Holstein-Friesian
Cattle, and also all of our choice Holstein-Friesian grades, to-
gether with ﬁfteen head of heavy, young, well matched draft
horses and all farming implements and machinery.

The cattle are all young Holstein-Friesian cows.
are 20 head of choice, royally bred, registered Holsteins.

There

Sev-
Twelve are daughters of A. R.
40 are

30 are springers and

O’chlc, Sales Manager, Sag-

One Year’s Time Will Be Given to Responsible Parties

CALLAM STOCK FARM

. - m

I C An extra line lot of last. spring
- 0 pigs, either sex and not akin. from
Farm )4 mile west of depot.._

- Nashville. Mich.

O O
ood, grcwthy stock.
tto B. Sohulze. - . .

0. l. C. & CHESTER WHITE SWINE.

Strictly big t.) pe with quality. Have a choice lot. of
boars fit for early full service. These boars will be
sold worth the money. Also have some ﬁne gilts. I
will shi 0. o. l). .
NEWM 'NS STOCK FARM. 11.1, Mariette. Mich.
E.
o I 0 Choice Spring boats and gilts out of prize
- - - winnill stack. All stock guaranteed. The
long bodied and 1 lg Boned ti pe. Write for photo and
low prices. V. HAT’l‘. Grass Lake. Mich.

 
O I C Boers, long bodied. with quality, forfall
' ' ' service. A few registered. extra ﬁne.
Shropshireewe lambs. G. l’. Andrews, Dansvllle, Mich

 
O I C’ . A few prize winning gilts at Michlgan

0 a ' State Fairmlso Au .Sept. igs ofthe best.

blood linen. Clger Leaf Stock arm. onroe. Mich.

0 I C Am offering some good boars of May far.
0 ‘ y row and tall pigs either sex.

0. J. THOMPSON. Rockford, Mich.

“POLAND CHINAS”

2 Spring boars-A Grilles-3 Yearlingl Sows.
Sired by Big Knox J r., a 900"). boar at 22111011“)!
old. hissiro Bl Knox weight 1060 II). at, Iowa State
Fair 1912.]‘he am, Aliens MlsoOrphan. a big grow~
thy prize winning sow sired by Hadley Over, lot at
International Chicago in 1912. We have a nice lot of
July and Ana. pigs from such sires as Big Knox Jr.

 
Big DetenderJr. and Big Hadle . We can pick‘

you out palm and tunnel these pigs at each. here la 5
chance to buﬁthe best. of the breed at. a moderate price.I
. ALL N‘ 15806.. Powwow. lick.

Big Type Poland Chinas.

We are ol‘l’ering’a few Spring Hours by that Great Thou
sand Pound Grand Champion Boa r, HILLCBEST
W DER. from Hows by our Great Herd sire. BILL-
CREST DEFENDER. some of them rout. herd head-
(1557.3 W52 lllmititgv; .ilts bytIIlIlLquﬂﬁsg COM MAN-
; u y :- arrow. .1 wi ma e crnko 'ack
brood sows at 825 each. for nick sale 1‘)
HILLCRES 1‘ FARM. alamazoo. Michigan.

 
' Poland China. Apr. boars sire and d
3|! I,” froms 1000-lb. stock- can be'ret ' ams
satisfactory. R. W. MILLS. Saline. Michfned if not.

BO'ARSuSOWS

Big type bi bone. ' For the next 1) days we will sell
Hui ty e Po and Chlna‘ at bar ain prices. A )ril boar
we gh ng 300 lb. Open gilts. Bummer and all pigs
evervthi‘rigi‘ goes. Get busy.

J. C. B LER. Portland. Mlchlgan.Bell Phone.

 
ARGE ’1‘er P. C. Largest in Mich. Spring Bonn
ready to ship. The kind that; make good. Come and
see the real blg tyre kind. Expenses paid if notas

represented. Free ver from Parma.
W. Par-ma. Mich.

E. LIVI GSTON.

' ' . April and Me I . h 1.
Big In» Poland Climax. 9., and mg, ,ﬁ'prfg.
right. L. W. BARNES lb SON. Byron. Mich.
LARGE Type P. 0. Some growthy spring 31‘3”“ and

Giltn ready to ship come and see them. tee liv-
cry from Augusta. W. J. Hagolshaw. Augusto. Mich.

'- . - . l d l . 1
Poland 01111138 1953031031 32.“.lﬁfllify

of stock. P. D. Long. R. 8. Grand Rapids _Mich.

 
Big Tm Poland China 23:.‘321' W‘Sgolwhip' 1"”
o. w. BOLTON. KALAMAzde. MICHIGAN.

 
U ‘Addljtional-Stockﬂdo. on page 421 ‘ '

      
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If there’s ever a place where you need a
gun that’s a hundred per cent reliable, it’s
when you’re down in the damp salt marshes
after duck.

Whatever gun you may start with, if you

keep on long enough, you will come around
to the Winchester No. 12 Repeater. It is
the favorite in the long run with old duck
shooters.

In the damp salt air of the seashore and
swamps this gun never “gums.” Under the
most severe conditions it is a sure-ﬁre, sure-
to-work Repeater. It will not jam, catch, or
fail to extract the empty shell. It "feels”
right, “comes up” right, and is right. It
works smoothly in whatever position 'it
is held.

At the distance at which you get most
chances at ducks, this gun shoots an eﬁective
uniform pattern of great game-getting pen—
etration.

The pattern that brings down the game

The remarkable game-getting pattern of
the Winchester Model 12 (or the Model 97
for those who prefer a hammer gun) shooting
its own standard ammunition, is the result
of inﬁnite care taken in boring the barrel.

 
L;

The right amount of choke for different
loads has been worked out after exhaustive'

experiment. Result: 3 pattern that spreads
out evenly -—neither too scattered nor too
bunched—and lands with lots of steam be-
hind it.

 
I

.—

-

-

-

-__
llJl

 
Even spread, maximum pen-
etration, Winchester that pat-.
tern brings down the game.

Quick feeder. sure ejector.
Throws empty shell to the
side, out of your way.

The barrel is the gun

' Men who know guns realize that the ac-
curacy and durability of a gun lie in the
barrel. On the quality of the barrel depends
the quality of the gun. There is absolutely
no difference in the standard of quality of the

barrel on the highest and lowest priced Win- '

Chester guns. With Winchester the barrel
is the gun and the single standard of quality
has been attained only by the most un-
remitting attention to the boring, ﬁnishing
and testing of the barrel.-

The Winchester barrel

The barrel of the Winchester [Model 12 has been
bored to micrometer measurements for the pattern it is
meant to make. The degree of choke exactly offsets
the tendency of the shot to spread. Until its pattern
proves up to Winchester standard, the gun cannot leave
the factory. ’The Nickel Steel construction preserves
the original accuracy forever. The Bennett Process,
used exclusively by Winchester, gives the Winchester
barrel a distinctive blue ﬁnish that, with proper care,
will last a lifetime.

_..=
,1:

"”I‘lﬁﬁlﬁwn ‘5‘5:”—iiiisssﬁisigsgésisr

............. ....-......-

 
\

’w‘ ”—72" WI’~‘—‘_;:~:""—-— —..._ - ‘

"5"“ 7 E59? ”Wt/V
no ‘ 1.3%

in”;
is, 95' V
45 a:
if

 
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MN
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1A.. U‘Hlk’xm ill

Winchester Model 12. .
Hammer-less Shotguns

Why more duck hunters
choose this model than any other

For those who prefer a Immnur action shotgun, we have
made the ﬁlodel’ 97. It is built on similar lines to the
Model 12, but with hammer action.

What ® means

This mark on the barrel means Viewed and Proved
Winchester. This stamp stands for Winchester's
guarantee of quality, with ﬁfty years of the best gun-
making reputation behind it.

Every gun that bears the name “Winchester" and
that is marked with the WinchesterViewed and Proved
stamp has been fired many times for smooth action
and accuracy, and has been ﬁred with excess loads for
strength.

’ At every stage of Winchester manufacture, machine
production is supplemented by human craftsmanship.
It is a test and adjustment process. v "

It is this care in manufacturing that has produced in
the Model 12 and Model 97 guns of unsurpassed game-
getting qualities that have won the name of .“The Per-
feet Repeaters." among duck hunters.

Write for details of Winchester
shotguns, rifles and ammunition

The Winchester catalog is an encyclopedia on shot-
guns, riﬁes and ammunition. Every hunter should have
one. It gives detailed speciﬁcations of the Model 12 and
Model 97, and'describes at length the principles on which
every one of the world famous Winchester shotguns
and riﬂes is built. Write today. We will mail you a
copy free. postpaid. ,

. WINCHESTER REPEATING ARMS CO.
DEPT. M-s NEW HAVEN. CONN.

HOME DEFENSE LEAGUES!

We have a Winchester for Country and Home
Defense Leagues which is meeting with uni-
versal approval. Many HomeDefense League:-
throughour the United .States have already-
been equipped with this gun. ‘

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Winchester Model 97 Hammer Shotgun

Take-down ping Shotgun. Mode m 1: no
weight abou’ t 7 .4 lbs; in 16 gauge, wowht abou‘ t m
The favorite with shooters who prefer a. nude form
repeating shotgun with a hammer.

  
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