wv-m... t. .Wtole ill-the! 3966 ”Breeding Registered DairyI Cattle---T};$,dF§L‘fiai§§;ds 1 production lessen. V61. CXLIX. No. 19 REEDING registered dairy cattle may be conducted successfully on any farm that is naturally adap- ted to dairy farming. The location of the farm, natural fertility, permanent improvements, water supply, drainage conditions and'land values are .some of the important things to consider in get- ting a farm that will give the largest net returns on the investment. _ Location is an important factor in finding good markets for the dairy pro- ducts and displaying the breeding stock to prospective buyers. Many breeders, "however, find it possible to produce milk and rear young stock more eco- nomically on farms further removed from the markets and transportation lines. It requires less fixed capital and young stock can be reared more eco- nomically where considerable of the land is utilized for pasturage. In fact, many successful breeders of dairy cat- tle, who have well located breeding farms, have invested in cheaper land on which to rear and develop their young stock. Young animals at pas- ture are under the very best conditions to insure good health and constitution- al vigor. The spread of tuberculosis is very rare among cattle in the open. Assisted with a little grain the best of animals are produced on grass. Grass solves the labor question so far as the land it occupies is concerned, and the same may be said of the farm as a whole where considerable grass is grown. Thecost of production is prac- tically nothing after a"start is made. It requires only a little weeding, seeding and top—dressing occasionally. If the land is used for pasture it seldom loses fertility and usually gains. Grass is a safe, sure and cheap feed for breeding cattle and growing animals. A productive soil is essential to the economical production of food crops for dairy. cattle. Grasses, forage crops, corn and small grains are the basis of successful dairy feeding everywhere. Grass is the natural food for dairy cat- tle. With» a capacity for handling large amounts of bulky feed and a corres- ponding insatiable appetite for fresh, green grass to supply their needs of their digestive systems, they derive the most benefit from grass and green for- age crops. Hay and silage furnish al- most as important a part of the winter supply of feed for dairy cattle as grass and forage crops. do in the summer. With a farm that will furnish an abundance of grass, forage crops, corn and small grains the cost of making up . - emcient rations is reduced to the low- est possible notch, and the health of the cattle is better maintained than when t00 much grain and protein con- centrates are fed. As soon as the dairy farm begins to increase in productivity the costs of The doubling of crop yields means a reduction in labor costs. The team that now travels five .. The Only Weekly Agricultural, DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 10,1917 Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State. ARTICLE No. ByW. MILTON KELLY of hay gained by the 1nc1 eased produc- tivity of the farm will leave more hu- mus in the soil and furnish more rough- age ’for the cattle to work into manure. The extra bin of oats will provide suf~ ficient grain for the work horses and help out in feeding the young stock. The first step toward dairy farm effi- ciency is the improvement of the land. Locating the Yards. The cattle yards should not be locat- ed in a hollow or other low ground, and the location should be either naturally well drained, or on a gravelly forma- tion, or, if on a 01;: y or spring soil, plenty of agricultural tile should be used. The ideal location is protected from the prevailing cold winds, by either a hill or screen of timber. Ever- Northeastem Mich. green hedges afford the best protec- tion, but they should not shut off the view from the public road. The dairy barns, horse barns and other buildings can all be so arranged as to furnish protection for the cattle yards. If good drainage conditions are lacking a portion of the yards should be paved and the balance covered with five or six inches of Cinders. Hundreds of costly accidents and complications in the conduct of breed- ing farms are traceable to yards, fenc- es and gates that fail of their duty. If the gate had been shut or the fence in good condition this accident or that would not have occurred. Many breed- ers of dairy cattle have had occasion to reflect along this line when one of Live Stock Special is," Scenes Showing Live Stock Demonstration Train Run by the Michigan Cen- tral and Det eeeoit &. Mackinac Railways, Cooperating with the Northeastern Michigan D elopment Bureau and the Michigan Agricultural College. $1.00 A YEA R $3.00 FOR 5 YEARS their valuable cows has been seI ved by some scrub bull that made his way into the yard through a broken panel in the flame or a dilapidated gate. Strong and durable fences and gates are essential, both as a matter of protection and con- venience. The breeder of dairy cattle should plan to make his cattle yards as valuable an asset from the advertising point of view as the successful mer- chant does his show windows. The ap- pearance of the cattle and young stock in the yards will frequently result in making a satisfactory sale. Comfortable and sanitary barns are needed for housing breeding cattle and young stock. A large amount of per- fectly good money has been squander- ed on buildings that are far too costly for the uses to which they are adapted. It should not be held up against the dairy or breeding business because some men with more dollars than sense have indulged themselves in working out half-baked theories about the build— ing of mode], breeding plants and dairy barns, which have failed to yield prop- er returns upon the investment. A vast amount of money has been wasted on country places and if some men build model plants in the same way that is their al'l‘air. They must get their re- turns in the satisfaction of their whims. Dairy buildings must be built and im- proved i‘rom time 10 time as the re— quirements of the business demand, and not built offhand according to some- fancil‘ul notion. Barns are needed for housing the milking herd, young stock, horses and feeding materials. Good, sensible buildings in which every dol- lar invested adds to the efficiency of the organization are needed on the breeding farm that is being operated as a money-making proposition. Economy and efficiency in handling the dairy herd is rapidly evolving a standard dairy barn. This barn is about forty feet wide and long enough to accommodate the number of cows in the herd. A barn so constructed pr0~ vides for two rows of cows facing out- ward, with a ten-foot driveway be— tween through which the manure spreader or carrier can be driven for the removal of the manure. It affords plenty of room to facilitate the work of feeding the cows and cleaning the barn. Assuming that we have a two— foot wall, which is approximately cor- rect for a heavy buliding, the inside measurements will divide up nicely. So far as height is concerned eight feet is generally admitted to be correct. Too high ceilings means cold stables be- cause the warm air rises above the cows and the fact that the air below is cold does not necessarily mean that it is pure. If the ceilings are low it is very difficult to get enough light, sun- shine and ventilation. As regards the lighting, it is best to avoid extremes. Plenty of light and sunshine is easenl' tial to the health of the cows. It is, however, expensive to have too much glass and glass is much colder than a." . good wall. ” from sunshine the barn should stand To get maximum benefit (Continued on page .454) j The Michigan Farmer Cowrlsht 1917 ‘ The Iawrencc Publishing Co. "Editors and Proprietors 39m5m9~ We“. Dem. va burnout MAIN 4625. NEW YORK OFFICE—381 Fm Ave C ICAGO OFFICB— 1K W'Mlngt mm TBLAN D OFFICIE— 101 1-1015 Oregon Ave., N. E. CHIIADE'LPEIA 0FFICE-261-263 South Third St. M. J LAWRE NC ............. President M. L. LAWREN NCFE‘I” ... ......... ........ ... ”Vllce-Prmt E. H. HOUGHTON. ...... ............ .... ..—8ec RWAT‘E-RBURY” ............... BURT WERMUTH. - ... . .. ... . Associate F ANKA. WII .KEN" .. ALTA LAWSON LITTLLL“ .............. E. H. HOUGHTON.............. .. Busines-I Manager. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION: One Year, 52 issues... .. .. ., ”$1.00 Two Year; 104 tunes ................................ $1.50 Three Years, l56 lea-um” .. ...OH2 F We Years. 26‘.) issue.1......$3.00 All sent portpaid. .. Canmlieu mba’lpuon 51c 1 your extra for postage. RATES OF ADVERTISING 45 cents per line agate ty pe measurement. or $6. 30 per mam“ agate lines per inch) per insertion. No adv' t i lorless tl ion 31. 35 each Insertion. No objec- tionable advertisments inserted at any price. Wombat Standard? arm Papers Association and Audit. Burr an of Circulation. Entered unwound class matter at —the Detroit. Mich- igan, post office DETROIT, NOVEMBER 10, 1917 CURRENT COM M ENT. Following the receipt Bean Price will of the telegram set- Not be Fixed. ting the price of beans for current army re quirements which was published in our last issue, after conferring with State Market Director McBride and repre- sentative dealers and growers, Mr. W. J. Orr, president of the Michigan Bean Jobbers’ Association and Michigan member of the government’s bean pur— chasing committee, wired the Food Ad- ministration as follows: Weather still continues bad. Heavy damage done New York and Michigan. About twenty elevators ceased doing business. More reported going to do likewise. Cannot afford taking risk of doing business until the government states specifically how it can be done safely in order to avoid loss. Market director distributing your information. Growers not at all pleased; thoroughly dissatisfied. Prospect seriously endan- gers acreage next; year. Some dealers reduced paying prices to six dollars today and no offerings. Please rush license and heeusc requirements here, care Wayne Hotel. ' Immediately following this confer- ence, Mr. W. I. Biles, manager of one of the largest bean firms in the state, proceeded at once to Washington to present the situation as it refers to the condition of Michigan’s bean crop, di- rectly to Food Administration oflicials. Following these presentations, on Oc- tober 31 Mr. Orr received the follow- ing wire from the. Food Administra- tion: Tell elevators to trade as usual until receipt of licenses, which will not mate- rially affect conditions Only object to prevent speculation and not to fix price. We Will do nothing to discour- age the growing of beans next year and will assist growers to get just prices for product. We are not considv enngMbuying beans as we have confi- dence that jobbers can handle them more advantageously to all concelned. No reason for elevators to close; they are entitled to a just not profit; law gives us no authority to set price; each buyer must be his own judge as to price he pays growers. This announcement definitely settles the future policyof the Food Adminis- trillion with regard to one of Michi- ._ gun’s great cash. crops It not only practically assures bean growers of a '- compensatory price for this year’s food this is new beheaded- in still greater volume for may and civilian consumption both at borne had in Eu; rope. It is the opinion of well informed dealers as well as growers, that in con— sideration of the shortened yield and damaged quality of the Michigan and New York crops, owing to peculiarly unfavorable weather conditions which have prevailed during the harvesting period for the late crop, that all of our product of merchantable beans will be needed and taken for consumption at recently prevailing prices about as rap— idly as they can be put into marketable condition. Growers should market their beans at a fair price of around $8 per bushel as rapidly as they can be gotten into salable condition. Many of the frosted beans will not be in fit condition to thresh until they have cured out. thoroughly in mow or stack, since it will insure a larger per- centage of merchantable beans to give them time to cure out and harden down in the pods before threshing, than to attempt to dry them out after they are threshed. The State Market Director is attempting to work out a plan by which a special market grade may be established for frosted beans which will at once benefit the grower ’ by insuring him a better price for this product than would be the case if these beans are picked to the present stan- dard, and the consumer who would thus be afforded a wholesome but cheaper product for consumption than strictly hand-picked beans. The outcome of this effort will de- pend not a little upon the quality shown by the late crop after threshing, and cannot. be predicted with any de- gree of certainty at this time. It will, however, be good policy on the part of the grower to permit the late harvest- ed beans to cure out well before threshing, as this will insure a better product than could be gotten from them by any method of handling if they are threshed while in a soft and uncured condition. The question of the County Agricul- cooperative employ- tural Agents. ment of a permanent county farm agent was under consideration by the boards of supervisors of a number of Michi- gan counties at their October session. In a. number of these counties favor- able action was taken and a county farm agent will be appointed as soon as a suitable man can be secured to fill the place, a portion only of the ex- pense being borne by the county and the balance paid by the federal and state governments. In some counties the board either took adverse action or failed to make the necessary appropria— tion for carrying on this work. In at least one county of which note is made elsewhere in this issue, an inquiry by the supervisors disclosed a single line of work which had been conducted by the special or emergency agent which they deemed of sufficient importance to entirely change their attitude to- word the employment of a permanent agent. When it was shown that through the activities of the temporary agent an ample supply of seed corn for next year’s planting had been assured the county. the members of the board were convinced of the. practical possi- bilities of this work. In very many counties men who have been opposed to the appointment ot a county agent on the ground that the chief benefio iary would be the man who got the job, have entirely changed their attitude after a careful investigation of the re sults which have been attained in counties where farm humans have been maintained and county agents employed. This is the Metal trend of Public opinion when"; the facts have come to m m o! the mud h- but insures ,as well the planting . W.m o: beans next year in every county in the country where local, cooperation can bcjsecured‘ as a war emergency measure. The state stands ready to do its Share in every case where local interest promises suc- cess for the work. Where the neces- sary action has not been taken by the board of supervisors of any county, public spirited citizens should at once satisfy themselves as to the benefits to be derived from the employment of a county agent if they are not already satisfied on this point, and use their in. fluence with their members of the board of supervisors to have the plan approved and the necessary appropria- tion made at the next meeting of their board. ’ The value of this work is too obvij cus to require further comment. Here‘ tofbre the work could be extended’bnly gradually, due to the limited funds made available by the government for this purpose, but with the funds now available the people of every county in the state should avail themselves of the opportunity to cooperate in the es- tablishment of county agent work which has proven to be so popular and of such great benefit in the counties which were so fortunate as to secure such an organization at an earlier date. THE DETROIT MILK MEETING. Delegates of the eastern'branch of the Michigan Milk Producers’ Associa- tion feel that theirvmeeting at the De- troit Chamber of Commerce November 6 was a distinct success in the can structive cooperative efforts that were set in motion on that occasion. In the first place, these delegates had become fully aware that the field now supply- ing milk to Michigan's metropolis ex- tends far beyond the limits of the east ern branch, which had heretofore un- dertaken the arrangement of contracts and prices with Detroit distributors. The supplies for the city are now gath- cred from points as far as two hundred miles away. To meet this situation, which had outgrown the jurisdiction of the local branch, the delegates unani- mously accepted the proffered offices of the state society to handle the prob- lem, by dissolving the eastern branch and joining the state association, thus making the several locals directly re- sponsible to the state organization. Another step which appears to have the earmarks of good business sense is the method agreed upon Ior arriving at the price to be paid for milk by the Detroit buyers. The delegates believed that it was a proper procedure to base the price upon the cost of production and then support their position by an intelligent public opinion. To gain this end the state officers were requested to lay the matter of production and distribution costs before a jury con- sisting of representatives of the milk Producers’ Association, the Detroit Chamber of Commerce, the affiliated women’s societies of the city, the fed- fration of labor, the state dairy and food commissioner, the'state market director, and the head of the dairy de- partment of the Agricultural College. A similarly constituted jury was re- cently appointed. in Chicago and its re- port was telegraphed to the session at -Detroit. According to the findings of that commission the producers in the Chicago areaare to be paid $3.22 per Icwt. for milk and it was. further declar- ed by- the Commission that 12 cents a quart is a reasonable price for the con- sumers of that city. to pay. ' The third matter of which we with tomato mention here is the‘plon do vised for financing the work of the m- semantics. The state society was di- rected. if possible, to arrange with the city distributors to have the letter hold out mm cent tron the price paid forever}! lunomhdnfikienm portion the necessary would likely be 1m in carrying the work oil the producers organiza- tion. . These three items appear to be of fundamental importance .to not only the milk producers of the Detroit dis- trict, but of all prOdnCQI‘S throughout the state. They will enable Michigan’s dairymon to present a solid front in the efiort to secure better contracts and prices for their dairy products. They will place the case directly before the representatives of the business and consuming public, that consumers themselves may know the real condi- tions surrounding the production of this very important part of the human diet, and they will provide an equitable plan for meeting the expenses of car- rying out and extending the work of the organization. ‘ HAPPENlNGS or THE WEEK. Foreign. The European War.-—'l‘he Teutonic campaign on the Italian front has been the chief interest this week in the great war. A fortnight ago the Austro—German troops started their drive and to date they have forced back the Italians from the latter’ s long- fought- for positions on Austrian soil to Italian territory along the Tagliamento river, where General Cadorna’s men are now holding the invaders at bay with heavy artillery and. rapid-firing guns. A new peril threatens the Ital- ian forces this week, however, the movement of Teutonic forces from Ty- rol or the Tientino district, into north- ern Italy far behind the present line. An encounter neaz Lake Garda. in which the Italians were victor- ious would indicate that this was a part of the plans 0L the central DOW- ers. F rench and English forces are be- ing hastened to this section of the bat- tle front. Thus far no additional ad- vantage to the enemy has been gained. The ltalian navy has also been busy and during the past few days captured posts along the coast line in Venetia and Trentine High British and French officials are now in Italy assuring her every aid that can be rendered in the way of men, munitions food and other materials to the end of winning what might prove the decisive battle of the war. —While Russia continues as a nominal ally of the entente she has an- nounced thrOugh her provisional gov— ernment that England, France and oth- er allies must from now on bear the burden of the struggle. In some of the sectors where attempts were made by Germans and Austrians towaid frater- nizing with the Russians the latter re- plied with fire driving the enemy away. —On the western front the French took eighteen square miles of territory from the Germans in the Ailette valley and are now bombarding the enemy in their new tions. The British have taken. addi ional strong points in Flan- ders. Positions occupied by American forces were fired upon by Germans ear- ly this week, which was replied to by our troops, shot for shot—Jo Mesopo- tamia the British troops have'advanced twenty miles further up the Tigris, ad- vancing their position fully 100 miles above Bagdad on that stream. Count Von Herding has been ap- ‘ pointed to head the German govern- ment as imperial chancellor. He will make his first appearance before the reichstag on November 22. The opposition party, under the lead— ership of Sir Wilfred Laurier, o poses the draft program of the Canadia gov- ernment, on which he desires a lefer~ endum. National. Eighteen persons Were burned to death and several others injured when the Paterson, N. J., Salvation Army Home building was destroyed by fire Sunday. There were eighty- five in- mates in the home at the time of the confiagration. The United States shipbuilding labor board has allowed the shipbuilders of the Pacific Coast an advance in wages of from ten to thirty per cent. Reports indicate that the labor organizations are not satisfied with the increase and will make an appeal to President Wilv osn for further advances. Five persons were hurt when two electric cars on the Camp Custer line at Battle Creek collided. . A. Pontiac pattern and machine shop was destroyed by fire mindafimo morning a are is .ceueingeloseofm ”harem“ totbmofltonytusmiom_ 9n . '. lane gain in soil fertility? . I,» .i‘ ‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘‘ HERE is no profitable crop pro- duction unless we have a fertile ' soil and there can be no fertile V‘so'il :until there is plenty of organic matter in the soil.” This was the 0p- ening statement of the eminent soil specialist, Professor Roberts, of the Kentucky Experiment Station, when speaking before a group of interested farmers and institute speakers. Professor Roberts emphasized the matter of profitable crop production and called attention to the fact that profitable acre production is not neces- sarily profitable man production. A fifty-bushel crop of corn maybe profit- able while a. sixty or seventy-bushel crop may not be profitable because so much labor is required to produce the extra ten or twenty «bushels. Requirements for Profit. The conditions which make for profit with any crop are listed under the fol- lowing heads: Climatic, good seed, proper preparation and cultivation of the soil, control of pests and plant dis- eases and last, but not least, a fertile , soil. In order to be fertile, any soil must be well drained in addition to having a sufficient supply of available plant food and especially organic matter. The speaker emphasized the importance of organic matter and stated it as his be- liefrthat a soil without organic matter cannot make as good use of thefer- tilizers applied to it as canla soil that has lots of humus or organic matter. It is absolutely necessary to return or- ganic matter to fields, either as green manure (being crops turned under), or as manure. The organic matter of the soil is important in determining its watenholding capacity or its ability to withstand drought. siderable difference as to whether the soil will absorb the various elements, such as lime, phosphate, nitrogen or potash. “The continued application of a fer— tilizer, that may produce enormous gains at first, will eventually result in deterioration for the field or farm upon which the practice is carried out,” were the startling statements of the profes- sor. In other words, the applicatiou of lime, phosphorous and nitrogen to the soil which results in increased. yields is a hand-te-mouth process. The way to make the result permanent is to use the organic matter which results from this increased crop production as ma- nure or in some other way get it back onto the land. It has been demonstrated, according to the speaker, that fertilizers and crop rotations alone cannot long maintain fertility. Many farmers say, “If I could only grow clover just as Ioused to, I believe I could keep up the fertility of my soil." The natural reply to this statement is, “Why didn’t you keep up the fertility when you were growing clover?” and simmered down to actual brass tacks, 'the truth becomes evident that clover cannot maintain soil fertil- ity in itself or in a rotation. . Here are the actual facts in the case of clover. 0f the nitrogen which the clover plant gets, approximately two- thirds comes from the air, the other one-third coming from the ground. Then again, if the tops of the clover _ plants are removed, approximately two thirds of its fertilizing value is remov- ed and the roots hold one-third of the total fertilizers in the grOund. So it is a simple mathematical calculation that clover produced under those conditions and when none of the organic matter produced is returned to thelsoil, there Acidity of Solis. , on; By I. J. ‘ MATHEWS It also makes con- _ Prod llCthIl connection, Professor Roberts cited a case in Kentucky where a field that seemed to be neutral would not grow either alfalfa or sweet clover in abund- ance until lime had been applied. An—- other case cited was of a soil that was some forty tons per acre deficient in limestone but this soil produced alfalfa in profusion when only four tons of limestonewere put on it. Sweet Clover Beet Soil Renovator. “Sweet clover is the best soil reno-~ vator,” is a statement that was made to 'stand out in striking relief. It was pointed out that sweet clover will grow . where the supply of lime is not very abundant, yet there must be some pres- ent. Several demonstrations have prov- en that sweet clover will grow on wet and undrained soils and it will stick along gullies and keep them from, any further washing, due in measure to the long‘ roots which it sends down deep into the subsoil. The greatest single reason why sweet clover is preferable to any other crop on a worn soil is because there is no other which will so quickly supply this soil with the organic matter which it always lacks. This, of course, bear- ing in mind the statement that there can be no profitable crop production without a fertile soil and that there can be no fertile soil without organic matter. Peculiarities of Clover Seeding. “We have noticed that where a phos‘ phatic fertilizer has been applied, clo- aWare of the gravitybf the seed corn situation,” declared Mr. Brown, "but it is nevertheless true that as far as Michigan is concerned the condition is seriOus. Every ear with grain fit for planting must be saved. :‘The corn intended for seed should not be allowed to stand out in the field. Such practices may do in ordinary years, but this season every desirable ear should be plucked at once and dried artificially if necessary. The seed corn supply should be carefully con- Served. “This is especially important in the light of the fact that only Michigan corn will do well in Michigan. If seed is brought in form Outside states it is more than likely to result in disap- pointment for the purchaser.” , The method recommended by M. A. C. agronomists for the drying of seed com is this: “The cars should be placed where they will receive free ventilation. No two ears should be allowed to touch. The ears should be strung on binder twine'and hung from a rafter, or where large amounts of seed are to be hand— led, special drying houses are desira- ble with numerous windows or panels which will give free circulation of air, or a stove to furnish artificial heat to hasten drying and prevent freezing.” IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII'IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIEIII|IIIIIIllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHI'IIHIIIIIIII]llllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIlllIIIIlIllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIllllllIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII Cribbing the Soft Corn ByIQ..A. CCORDING to the report of the A Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. 0., about one- third of the corn raised in Michigan during the present season has been in- jured by frost. Much of the corn was planted late in the season, and the pre- vailing cold weather during the large part of the growing period (lid not bring it forward rapidly, consequently the frost nipped it while it was growing, making it impossible for it to mature and make merchantable‘ corn. Such corn has a feeding value well worth considering, and the best means known that will save it for use during the coming year should be adopted. The characteristics of frosted corn should be known and considered. Frosted, immature corn is full of - Efficient Horse Power Will Increase the Efficiency of Man Power on this Farm Next Year. ver seed 'sown in the spring will grow and give two crops without the addi- tion of lime. Where the clover seed is 'sown in the fall or in August, the ground must be limed as well as fer- tilized with phosphatein order to make a successful catch.” This emphasized a peculiar thing that Professor Roberts has noticed in several instances. On worn lands, even though they are neutral, successful clover seeding is usually best had when ground ‘ lime- stone is used. The ultimate aim on such lands is not the growing of clover, for that alone will not maintain the soil fertility. The final outcome of all fer- tility systems is to restore the organic matter to the soil and then by supply- ing lime and phosphorus, and potash in a few cases, permanent fertility will be, established. This, coupled with proper management, will result in prof- itable crop production. _,__._____._—L.—-— “SAVE YOUR SEED CORN," WARN- ING TO MICHIGAN FARMERS. 1” More attention must be given to seed ;. corn this fall if Michigan is to be as— gshred of an adequate supply for plant- j ingnext spring, accordingo -;A. M. Brown, of the Michi an. Agricul- Secretary tural college, and the State Board of Let it do the Same Thing on Your Farm. moisture. If husked and piled in large piles it will heat and spoil. Therefore do not pile it up in an ordinary corn crib, because it will heat. It can be saved in a very narrow crib where it comes in contact with the air from both sides. ' If one has a left where it can be spread, thinly, say about one foot deep, it can be saved very nicely. If the barn floor is not in use for, other pur- poses, the corn can be spread on it. If there is danger of heating it can be stirred occasionally with a manure fork or scoop shovel. Another good way to save the soft corn is to snap it from the stalk and handle it with the husks on. With the husks on it can be piled in a dry place in considerable quantities and be kept until needed fer feed. In fact, feeding corn ears with the husks on is one of the popular methods of handling the corn and measuring it out to cattle, sheep or hogs. Cattle eat it, husks and all, sheep gnaw the corn off the cob and eat what they seem to want of the husks, and hogs bite the corn loose and seem to enjoy picking the’ shelled cornafrom among the shredded husks. All kinds of stock are benefited by the husks which: they consume while they“ . -in this one direction led the board ab, most over night to hire him back again, 1' are eating the corn. Less corn passes . through the alimentary/canal unmasti- ummduMew w ‘ “m.” CLAPP the case if the corn ears were fed with- out the husks. Considered from a practical point of , view, cribbing soft, frosted corn be- tween the ribs of the live stock kept on the farm, is both a safe and profitable scheme. Used in the shape of’shock corn, fed in the mangers in small bun- dles to the dairy cows, it will be found convenient and profitable feed. It will stimulate an increase in the flow of milk, and will be found much cheaper feed than the commercial feeds sold on the market. In feeding immature shock corn to cows, good judgment must be used in order to get good results. The feeder should begin with a small quantity at first and increase the amount gradually . and carefully, up to the point where the animal is taking all she can digest and assimilate. Watch the flow of milk, and if there is no increase in the flow when there is an increase in the amount of feed given, the cow is get- ting all she can use. Also watch the excreta to see if the feed is well digest- ed or not. To feed more than the ani- mal can digest, is to bring an injury in two ways; the flow of milk will be diminished, and there will be a general derangement of the whole system. Immature corn fed in the bundle to young cattle or beef steers, is an excel- lent feed, if properly handled. The corn is soft and sweet, is eaten with a relish and, is easily digested. The gastric juices of the stomach flows freely while the corn is being chewed, and act upon the soft mass as it enters the stom- ach; and again at the time of remasti- cation, and readily take all the nutri- ents from it. Palatability in this case, as in many others, is beneficial. While the corn that is frosted before it is matured is damaged, the real feed- ing value should not be overlooked. It is wise to save it and utilize it to the best advantage. In some cases the forst may prove a blessing in disguise. Corn that might have been sold from the farm if it had matured, if fed to the cattle on the farm may bring a profit in the shape of milk and meat, while the manure pile may be enlarged which may be a material aid in increasing the fertility of the soil on the farm. Make the most of the frosted corn. THE CASS COUNTY BOARD FINDS AGENT VALUABLE ASSET. The Cass county board a few days ago decided without full knowledge of the results of his work to dismiss its agricultural agent. for “economy’s sake.” The vote was ten to eight against retaining him. But the board members shortly had pointed out to them the seriousness of the‘ seed corn situation and were in» formed of the value of the county agent’s services in securing the conser- vation of the supply by looking up de-r" sirable corn and saving it from the silo. The results of the agent’s efforts this time by a vote of fifteeh‘to three -. a”Vs-«w I, . «$1.35.er an. .1 an»; «Ms-Ana ..u~rvw~4~> Winn t v: r»; saws.“ , L: 1 w.h;i.;-‘§~_ .,.. s .1 '- si‘aii..v...s '41 v N,- Please advise me about feeding the folloWing named ration: Oats 250 lbs; com 100 lbs; bran 50 lbs; cottonseed meal 50 lbs., for Holstein heifers and cows giving 30 to 60 lbs. of milk at two milkings. Would you advise cutting out. the bran and adding dried beet pulp, or not to feed either? I wish to feed as many oats as possible to make up the ration profitably The above to be fed with corn silage morning and night. Mixed hay (90 per cent clo- ver) Once per day and bean straw once a day; could feed oat straw at noon if necessary. Do not want to feed much cottonseed meal. I would like to know how Mr. Lillie feeds his calves the first six months. Qalhoun Co. E. O. P. I :Would call this mixture and propor- tion of grains a splendid ration for dairy cows. I hardly see how it could be improved. Of course, it could be changed and perhaps be just as good a ration. E. O. P. says he would like to use all the oats possible. Now, I am sure that the amount of oats in the ra- tion could be materially increased with no detriment to the ration. In fact, it could be doubled. You could put in 500 pounds of ground oats, with 100 pounds of corn, fifty pounds of bran, fifty pounds of cottonseed meal and have a splendid ration. Oats are a mighty good dairy feed. They make a pretty good ration when fed alone. All my cows are getting now is ground oats for grain, but of course they have pea vine silage and alfalfa hay, and both of these roughages are rich in pro tein, consequently the grain ration need not contain feed stuffs like cot- tonseed meal and wheat bran. I don’t like to mix cottonseed meal with the other feed stuffs; one is liable to not get it evenly distributed, conse- quently one can well cut out cotton- seed meal. I like to feed the cotton— seed meal to each cow separately and know just how much each is getting. It isn’t so very much bother to do this. After the cow is fed the ensilage the attendant can take the cottonseed meal and by having a small measure that will hold just about what one wants to feed he can scatter it on the ensilage so that none of it will be lost, and then you will know just how much each cow is getting. This is u. very concen— trated food and I, like E. O. P., don't like to feed too much of it. In fact, I have cut it out entirely because I have to depend on hired men and if you feed too much of it you are apt to have trouble. As long as they have corn silage as a roughage I wouldn’t think it would pay you to cut out any of these grains and substitute dried beet pulp. Dried beet pulp is a good thing if you haven’t got ensilage because in a way it takes the place of a roughage succulent food but at the present price of it I wouldn’t advise it in connection with this corn silage. Feeding Young Calves. We leave the young call" with its dam one day, so that it can nurse and get the colostrom, or first milk, of the cow, which is quite essential to put the di- gestive apparatus of the calf in first- class condition. Then the calf is taught to drink and we feed it new milk for one'week then we gradually substitute skim—milk for the whole milk, leaving out"just"a little whole milk and substi- tuting just a little skim-milk, increas- ing the skim-milk gradually until at the end of the second week the calf is on a ration of skim-milk. Now, as the fat has been practically eliminated from the calf’s ration, some substitute ought to be given and the best thing I "have found is ground flax seed made into a‘jelly. Flax seed con- tains thirty per oent fat and'this is a fairly good substitute for the butter-fat in the milk. It isn t necessary to cook ’ this and yet it makes it a. little bit l more easily digested. When flax seed is finely ground, however. _ you can place it row in the milk and it will not some to the bottom of the pain like Mun new and the calf will do Very» A Ration for Dairy Cows flax seed to six parts water. and let it come to a boil. This makes‘a nice semi-jelly condition that is nicely fed and easily digested. At first we give the calf about'two tablespoonfuls of this jelly and gradually increasing it as the calf grows older. Sometimes we have been unable to get the flax seed and then I think about the best thing there is is oil meal or wheat middlings. This also can be fed raw but they are a little better for a young calf if they are cooked and made into a mush jelly. Just as soon as the calf goes on skim—milk we begin to coax him to eat other things as well as milk. In fact, we never feed a very large ration of skim-milk. Four or five pounds to a feeding with each Jersey calf is all that we give. Of course, with larger calves more can be given. But if you begin to give large rations of skim-milk you are liable to get into trouble because it is a one-sided ration, unbalanced, it doesn’t contain enough fat in propor- tion to the protein, so we commence to get the calf to eat clover and alfalfa hay. Of course, he will only eat just deviant-shingles replaced if 'anyhawe rworkjed loose, and cracks covered; Dur‘ , ing the hot summer months we grow careless of such matters. In the win- ter, such cracks are very apt to mate- rially diminish the profits. Unless the barn is floored, there may he places about the foundation where the dirt has whipped away. Such places should be refilled so no cold air space is left under the foundation. A good ventilation system is highly desirable in the dairy burn, but this should be so arranged that no draught will be created. Warm quart rs are essential for best results. If th cows shiver on account of cold draughts through unnecessary cracks, they are consuming energy that should be used in the production of milk. It is much cheaper to use a little coal, too, in the tank heater than to force the cows to warm the water with expensive feeds. Nebraska. P. H. E. MILK SUBSTITUTES IN CALF REARING. Whole milk is the natural feed for calves for it contains nutrients in the proper proportion, as everyone knows. “It will produce larger gains in live The Dairy Industry Promises Large Returns in the Near Future to the Men Who Keep their Herds Filled to Capacity. a little at first, but he keeps increasing in the amount eaten and in a short time one is surprised how much hay a little calf will eat. Not only this, but we drop in a handful of ensilage. He won’t eat very much at first and What is left ought to be taken out so that it won’t get sour but every day drop in a handful of ensilage and in a. short time it will all be eaten clean, then you can gradually increase the amount until the calf has all that it wants. \Ve also commence, soon after the calf goes on skinrmilk, to add a little grain, Whatever we happen to have. In fact, we usually feed whatever grain we are feeding the cows except cotton- seed meal. This shouldn’t be fed to a young calf. When we put in a handful of ensilage we drop a little gluten feed or a little ground oats or a little wheat bran or whatever we have, on the en- silage and they soon begin eating it. In this way we teach the calf to eat ensilage as well as roughage and they grow and develop into strong, vigorous animals. It is quite an intelligent job to feed the calves and feed them properly. The person who does this ought to be in sympathy with animal life. He not only ought to know what the calves ought to have to eat but he ought to see to it that they get it and get irregularly. that their mangers are kept clean, etc. If he does all this, there is no trouble about raising healthy calves. ' COLON C. LILLIE. FILL UP THE cn‘AcKs. Before the cold winter blasts are ac: tually upon us, the dairy burn should weight than skim-milk and other feeds,” Prof. W. E. J. Edwards of the Animal Husbandry Department of the Michigan Agricultural College advises, “but these gains are made at a greater expense, owing to the high value of whole milk as a human food. Calves should, however, be given whole milk for the first two or three weeks, or per- haps somewhat longer. This insures a good healthy start. “When high~class breeding stock is being produced, whole milk can be fed at from two to four weeks of age, de« pending upon the health and thrifti- ness of the calf, care being taken that the change from whole to skim-milk is made very slowly. “But with the demand for whole milk increasing yearly as a result of growing consumption of it in our large centers of population, skim-milk is not readily available on many farms. Sev- eral satisfactory milk substitutes, how— ever, which have been used quite ex‘ tensively for calf feeding, are on the market. A good milk substitute will produce practically as healthy and rap- id growth in the ealfus will skim-milk, and at a greatly reduced cost. “Recent investigations have shown, however, that, home-made mixtures which cost much kits will give good results. " One of the best is made by thoroughly mixing equal parts by weight of hominy feed, linseed meal, “red dog” flour and dried blood A, small amount of this mixture may be used with the whole milk when the cal! 13 from seven to ten days old. Gradually increase the meal, mixing. it with water in the proportion of (me put to men ports or total. 7 131139 the unused ouopurt be mover and loose beards nailed the calf has reached the age of five‘or six Weeks the calf meal will have re- placed all of the skim-milk. At this time about one and one-quarter pounds of the calf meal should be fed daily. .Gradually increase the amount to from one and one-half to one and three- quarters pounds per day at six months of age. “Good results may also be obtained by making a gruel of three-quarters, of a pound of rolled oats to from six to eight pints of boiling Water, letting the mixture stand until cool enough to feed. Substitute this for whole milk gradually after the calf is from ten to fourteen days old. “Calf meals, whether home-made or commercial, are used simply as sub- stitutes for milk and a good roughage ‘ with a liberal supply of good growing concentrates, such as oats and bran, with possibly some corn or barley',_ should be given if satisfactory develop- ment is to begobtained." Lessons from Columbus CAME to the National Dairy Show direct from the great army canton- ment at Chillicothe where 40,000 of our young men arerbeing taught to kill and destroy. As I looked upon the in- evitable wastes ’of war. looked over this tremendous camp, so big that it takes half a day to go over it thorough- ly in an automobile, and computed that lit is but one of sixteen similar canton- ments and probably that many more army depots, and saw that 40,000 men needed to maintain them and tried to get an idea of what 20,000,000 men un- der arms must be consuming, the mag- nitude of the task before the American farmer almost appalled me. But when I looked over cows such as Sophia 19 of Hood Farm, that during the last six years has produced 5,537 pounds of but- ter from 75,290 pounds of milk; and a string of Holsteins with records up to 26,000 pounds of milk. talked with doz- ens of quiet, determined dairymen, and looked over a number of improved la- bor-saving devices, I believe the trick can be turned and the American farm- er can do it; that he will do it in 1918, but he needs to work hard, and above all things work intelligently. The greatest food idea today is con— servation and asv I looked over the Dairy Show it seemed to me the great- est. single lesson might also be said to be conservation. By this I mean the saving and developing of those animals not necessarily with the longest pedi— grees, but with the greatest capacity for production. To be able intelligently and accurately to pick these animals, we must know what our animals pro- duce; in other words, keep daily rec- ords. A number of object lessons of the value of this were shown. The one that impressed me the most was a bull owned by three good northeastern Ohio dairymen and finally sold for bologna. Four of his tested daughters produced an average of 25,210 pounds of milk containing 977.3 pounds of fat in 365 days. Think of what a fortune each of these men permitted to slip away. In another case a. cow-testing association had a string of cows with a legend de- fying anyone to pick but the four tops from the four boarders. In these days of $50 grain and im- possibility to get hired men, there are plenty of dairymen in Ohio who would have done the best day’s work of the winter had they attended the dairy show and taken home the idea of Weighing each cow’s milk. You don’t need to wait for a cow-testing associa- tion. The need for food is "'so'great that it is almost ethninal to Carry a boarder cow this year. , , Another great Judson of the show to me was Peter Small’s great exhibit of four generations of cows. The marked similarity of type, the tremundous eu- dumtor -.m~ ' amount of. Whole milk so that Mien"? parity transmitted from name: to . - WW“; '"»... '1 "3 l. almost five pounds of butter after hav- ‘ ing twin calves and being shipped two? I hundred miles, showed conclusively the value of real dairy blood. There were plenty of individual animals in the show that were highly finished; speci- mens of a breeder’s skill, but running through from one generation to the next, the showing of Small’s was the most remarkable I have ever seen, and in itself a liberal reward for any man’s time spent at the show. ' The shortage of labor is compelling the solving of many problems which otherwise would be deferred. There were many interesting exhibits, the one that took our eye as probably the most unique was an arrangement for wash- ing, sterilizing and putting the lid on and stowing milk cans entirely out of the way without touching by hand. An- other machine you fed empty milk bot- tles in and they came out capped and in cases. The milking machines are unquestionably being improved. We have tested out several different makes of machines and we are confident that the man who takes a machine, not as a perfect thing, but as a wonderful me- Chanical aid and does his part to meet its limitations is helping solve the la- bor question. Cheese Making for Northern Mich. URING the past twelve years I have traveled through the great . dairy districts, the wheat belt and the famous apple sections of the northwest. The last two named sec- tions have had great booms in the price of lands. Then the bottom fell out, as it were, and property became a drug on the market. For instance, the apple craze was on in the northwest ' and sage brush lands sold from $350 to 800 per acre, while bearing orchards sold for as high as $2,000 per acre. To- day much of the best land can be had for from $100 to $150 per acre, and in places the orchards are being cut away and the land sown to alfalfa. Similar changes have taken place in the wheat belt. There never were such booms in the dairy regions, but the land prices advanced gradually and without reac- tions. The most prosperous community I was ever in was in Green Bay county, Wisconsin. This county is devoted en- tirely to dairying and hog raising. The history of the county will be interest- ing to many. The county lies along the Illinois state line. The greater part of the land is rolling. The soil con- sists of clay, loam, muck sand and grayel with all modifications. The first settlers were Swiss direct from the old country. They came up the Mississippi and settled on land cov- ered with timber. A few acres were cleared and sowed to wheat. Their surplus crop had to be hauled on wag- ons across several counties of poor roads to Milwaukee, which took days of time. Prices were not very good in those days, which set these hardy pioneers to thinking, and they finally changed to dairying, using the milk for the manufacture of cheese. The logic of this change is evident. These pioneers found that marketing conditions determined their style of farming. Cheese had comparatively little bulk and consequently could be taken to market with much less ex- pense and trouble than could the raw grains. Besides the lumber woods fur~ nished a demand for practically all of their output. Since these first settlers began dairying back in the fifties the industry has continued to grow. Today there ”are perhaps few if any counties .in the W that are returning larger prof- anittingbnt more dairy products I \‘G ,, r There; are five ~ Made in America. 50-cup Tin, 30¢. loo-cup Tin, 50c. ‘There’s a Reason ” No Raise in Price. If you Should :‘i ay to your Grocer “I’m going to stop coffee—what shall I use in its place?” His natural reply would be NSTANT POSTUM The grocer knows that this delicious table drink, so coffee-like in its taste, better an- swers the requirements of the coffee drinker than any substitute. He can tell you of many families in his trade who use it exclusively as their table beverage, while others keep it on hand for the children. Why not order a tin of this healthful, whole- some, full-bodied hot drink. Its satisfaction will’surprise you. was... Postum Cereal company. Bnu Luz- ImuISA . FARM TRABTURS FOR SALE 1 Moline—lO—IQ H. P. 1917 Model. Without Plow. 1Avery—5~10 H. P. 1917 Model. Without Plow. 1'Case4-9-18 H. P. 1917 . Model. Without Plow. Address Reply BOX F—ll, _ an Farmer, Detroit, Mich. %$%§:% out of your OLD BAGS You'll be surprised how much money we will pay you for your old bags 01‘ noun to om any tqlt‘iantity. Don‘t let them lie around and tw envyou caAriytI'IrrIrIi t. em lntn money. E FREIGHT and we mall check net soon as shipment is agent present high received. Take ricer-write today for trlce-llst and shipping rect bu yers of be netruotions Largestd the wet] Reference» But faloI; Dun or Brads tre IR. OI 8 mgowauxdo 815., B -0l ti sens Ban B A G O 0. nffelo, N. Y. in o El Wonderful Money ng'L Fence Book Over 150 ”Styles. {3‘5 All heavy DOUBLE GALVANIZED WIRES per rod up. Get in. Book and Sample to “‘3: . '7 CE 8: WIRE CO" ”THE43R0WN f5" Clo" , . I It Pays“ to Delia. - teelPosts-B ire ’ ’ ? 6?“:ch FRlOM FACTgllY— FREIGHT PAI- om; ~ shun“; w. sang-4.1m“ ‘.4 tories taking the milk produced on the wellvkept farms of the county. Some of the more prosperous farmers have as high as one hundred and fifty head of milking cows. Frequently a single farmer employs a cheesemaker during the summer months and manufactures the milk produced upon his farm into cheese. » Not only do these farmers and the factories which are dependent upon the farmers ship out of the county scores of carloads of dairy products but in the spring hundreds of veal calves are shipped to Chicago and in the tall hogs fed partly upon the waste from the dairy business go in the same di- rection. Besides the sale of these pro- ducts much money comes to these men through the sale of dairy cows. At the present time land in this community is selling from $150 to $300 per acre. Usually the land is sold to home people. Young men will either take over the business of the fathers or they will rent land until they get a start and then buy some property and go in for themselves. I know of one man Who went in debt $14,000 eight years ago. Today he has his land clear of debt besides making man-y improve- ments upon it. His line of farming has been confined to dairying and hog-rais- ing. He did this in spite of the fact that conditions deprived him of the op- portunity of securing an education. 1 am telling this because I believe there are parts of Michigan which would lend itself to just such develop- ment. The. northern part of the lower peninsula has features that will adapt it, to the cheese-making business. The important things are cheap pasture, cool nights and abundant water. The biggest money is made in the cheese business when the cows are upon good pasture. Where advantage is taken of the, heavy production of cattle while on grass, the farmers have their cows freshen in March and April. This ena- bles the covvs to go on good feed when giving their heaviest flow of milk, and they are practically dry when winter comes. This allows the farmers to carry them through the cold months on lighter feed than would be neces sary if the milk flow was to be kept up. The cheese factory is the cheapest of the several different kinds of dairy manufacturing institutions. Besides there is not much labor required to keep a factory going during the busy season. In a small factory one man with the assistance of a second for a portion of the. time, can handle the work. A group of farmers with rows enough to produce 3,000 pounds of milk a day can run a cheese factory suc- cessfully. . The cheese-making business. as I have mentioned it, is a financial suc- cess in northern Wisconsin and north- ern Minnesota and I can see no reason why it cannot be made a success in northern Michigan. In the latter state the farmers can grow such forage crops as rye, oats, vetch, clovers and fodder corn. These can be made into silage or cured as hay and used for winter feeding. Most any of our breeds of cattle especially the larger kinds, can be wintered on such feeds and come outzin the spring in good shape, and when they go on pasture should be able to produce a good flow of milk. Ohio. Lows BIEll’lelt. CORN SILAGE AND THE SILO. The chemical processes that occur l‘\ the silo during fermentation makes the material much more digestible. This process is supposed to be almost identical with the change that takes place in the stomach of a cow. The ,: maimeffect worthy, also of serious con- “,sidcration is to break down the fibrous substance and render it more soluble thenit is much more easily digestible. . #ghe: effect of feeding. silage to milch clawsfjsthe same as that of turning W a Wu pasture. Knowing classes u’1« placing almost any other method of feeding during those months when pas- tures are not available. of importance is the fact that the silo provides a cheap feed that can be used with excellent results at any time of the year, either winter or summer. It also has solved the problem of unnec- essary sacrifice of young stock on ac- count of shortage of feeding materials. This is a great point alone in favor of a silo, but this is only one of the many good things that can be said in favor of the silo. A silo utilizes all the cornstalks, takes drudgery out of winter feeding and by a little observation we find that the largest percentage of silo owners are well pleased with their new plan of feeding. It is not only a good in- vestment as a feeding inducement but a silo is also a permanent improvement and adds to the value of any farm, no matter where located. Another thing worthy of attention is the fact that corn is the greatest silage plant known in this country. It is adaptable to a wide range of latitude and longitude and will produce the largest amount of nutritive silage per acre of any other crop that we can possibly grow on our farms. This is one point in favor of corn growing on a larger scale, but there are other points also worthy of consideration. Among these is the fact that com re- sponds to good ground, fair ground, and just ordinary clay. The main thing is planting at the proper time and thor- ough cultivation. Of course, it is a well known fact that we get larger yields of corn from naturally rich land or on land that has been made so, but notwithstanding all this, I have seen yields upward of sixty to seventy bushels per acre on compar- atively thin land. Even where yields can be obtained around sixty bushels per acre, in such localities as these it will pay to erect the “pickling jar”and take care of the crop by putting it into the. silo and fed in that manner during the winter. A great many experiments have shown that corn for silage pur- poses contains the most nutriment or good feeding value when the kernels just begin to glaze or when the denting process is just rightly started, and be- fore the lower leaves have become withered and dried. Having experi- mented along this line myself, I am convinced that this is the best time to cut for silage. Over-ripe silage makes a tough, fibrous feed, but when out too green the feeding value is not there, so I have decided that a happy medium between the two is just. about right. If silage is to be fed with the best satisfaction at all times, it must then be sweet and in perfect condition. It is easily spoiled by coming in contact with the air. This being the case, it is of utmost importance that the silo be not of too great diameter. To be well proportioned the height of a silo should never be more. than twice the diameter in order to keep silage perfectly and to feed out an even amount of silage each day. While this matter may seem trifling, yet it is one of the common failures found among silo owners who complain that the silage does not keep as it should. It is therefore im'portant to know this in building a. silo Pennsylvania. , H. W. SWOPE. The ninth annual students’ national contest in judging dairy cattle was held at the National Dairy show, at Columbus. Thirteen state agricultural colleges were represented. Each team cansisted of three students, accompa- nied by the professor of animal hus- bandry who had coached the team. The students were required to judge eight of cattle, consisting of four bulls and four cows of each of the fol- lowing breeds: Ayrshire, Guernsey, Holstein and Jersey. The three teams winning highest honors or sweepstakes in the contest were as follows: 1, Uni- versity of Missouri; 2, Iowa: State Col- logo; 3, University or Nebran x ,. T HE j MICHIGAN this, it is littlevwonder thotjhis moth: « ‘ 0d of feeding is gradually but Surely re- , Another thing . Starts low as 99: in the shade \‘\K\\-’V. mun? 'ZL"-l. =.’ -” ////// of fuel consumption by four-fifths. The 3 H. P. (unconditionally guaranteed) operatingon fuel oil, averages a cost of eleven cents per 10 hour day. All of’ the old difficulties of ignition, car- buretion and starting have been en- tirely eliminated. The Evinrude Oil Engine has neither carburetor, mixing valve, bat- teries, magneto, timer or spark plug to get out of order or cause annoyance. The fuel i’s introduced directly into the cylinder and is ignited by the Shorts ondruns Rowboa tand Canoe Motor You know that the cost of' gasoline has become alarming. The consequent heavy strain on agricultural industry, is serious. To meet this condition, the Evinrude Motor Co. has builtka kerosene and fuel oil farm engine which has reduced the cost Evinrude Oil Engine extreme heat of high compression. More than twice the degree of heat necessary for ignition is generated and the engine starts equally well in intense cold or extreme heat. , We believe that you will be in- terested in a, firm engine of such simElicity, exce donal economy and ,hi class wor manship. At least 91 wnstosend yonacatolog. Now Being Manufactured in seven! Sizes DEALERS: Responsible dealers are invited to write on for full information as to exclusive territory. kerosene. . f 1 oil ' 71st I: .. mien), on Evmrude Motor 00., MILWAUKEEPI$IS that flows. Also Hmufocmrero of the Evin-ode Danish]- \\\\\\\ \\ \\\\\\\ i ‘. .\\\\\\\ ‘ t i \\\\h Examine the piston‘ rings. They're the most important factors in power production. 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"POETRY HISTORY ma INFORMATION ‘45 WEEKLY PU L51 W51” ESTA Wm FARM BOY an? GIRL SCIENTIFIC an? MECHANICAL mm this MagazineSection forms apart of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere Our Interest In Popular Government Abroad By EVARTS B. GREEN Professor of History, U. of III. IN his memorable message to Con- gress of April, 1917, President Wil- son, after describing at some length the recent proceedings of the German government, declared that “in the pres- ence of its organized power, always ly- ing in wait to accomplish we know not what purpose, there can be no assured security for the democratic govern- ments of the world.” “We are glad,” he continues, “to fight thus for the ul- timate peace of'the world and for the liberation of its peoples, the German peoples included; for the rights of na- tions, great and small, and the privi- lege of men everywhere to choose their 'way of life and of obedience. The world must be made safe for democ- racy; its peace must be planted upon the tested foundations of political liberty.” In this passage the President has as- serted for himself and the government of which he is the authorized spokes- man two important propositions: The first is that sympathy with democracy, with “government of the people, by the people, for the people,” may properly be expressed not only in the private utterances of individual Americans, but even in the official and public utter- ances of our government; that there democratic ideals of the American peo- ple may properly be taken into account in the conduct of their foreign rela- tions. The second principle clearly implied is that this association of democracy at home with democracy abroad rests not merely upon sentiment but upon an essential element of common interest —a common interest among democra- cies as such for mutual protection against states whose authority is se- cured largely by military force in the hands of hereditary rulers. With the increasing interdependence of all the nations upon each other, the domi~ nance of one type of government or the other is a matter of vital concern to the world at large. To those who think democracy worth saving in Am- erica, its fate in Europe or Asia can no longer be an indifferent matter. “The world must be made safe for demo- cracy.” For the defense of these principles, the American people are now engaged in a great war whose demands upon us no man can measure; and when diplo- macy takes the place of war we shall. have new problems hardly less perplex— IlllllllllllmllllllllllVlllllllllllfllINHIIHIllII"IIIIIIINIIIIIIIIHIIIIIHIIIHIIIHIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIHHIHIIHIIIIHHIIllllmllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllllmllllllllllllllllllllll||lllllllllllllllllHlllllIlllllUlllllllllllIHIIIIllllllllllllllllllllllIIIHIIIIHIlllllllllllll|IlllllllIll[INHIIlllllllllllllllllllllllIlllllillllllllllllllllHll||IHHIIIIllllll|||||||I|||||lllllllllllllINIllHIHHUIllllll"mml|”llllllllllllmmmllllllmmm WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES Loan Campaign. .....;..,.,.§a.;;e..qwg ing. As we assume these larger re- ,sponsibilitics we .:may naturally ask, as the President himself has done in his Flag Day speech, whether we are making a radical departure from the .historic traditions of the Republic, or Whether we are seeking to secure for these old ideals a new and more com- plete realization. In trying to answer this question it seems best, so far as possible, to let the fathers speak for themselves. Going back to the first days of the Republic, we must remember that the leaders in our struggle for independ- ence themselves appealed to the sym— pathy of EurOpean liberals not only in France and Holland, but even in Eng land itself. That is an outstanding fact in the correspondence of such men as Franklin and Adams, who represented us in France and the Netherlands, re- spectively. There is no question, eith- er, that this appeal met with a gener- ous response and that it was one of the factors, not the only one, of course, in bringing about that French alliance which finally secured American inde- pendence. The policies of the French ministers were, indeed, mainly deter- mined by considerations of national in- terest. The Seven Years War had dis— turbed the balance of European power; French support of the American rebels would weaken England and restore France to something like its old pres- tige. But the French court was not agreed on the soundness of this policy and in the delicate balance of official opinions, the sympathy of liberal French thinkers unquestionably helped to tip the scales in favor of American freedom. Franklin felt this so keenly that he deprecated the appeals fre- quently made to the French on the basis of their economic self-interest. “This,” he wrote to Livingston in 1782, “is really a generous nation, fond of glory, and particularly that of protect- ing the oppressed.” The great French economist and statesman, Turgot, was not in favor of French intervention, but shortly after the treaty of alliance was signed he expressed in striking language the con- viction shared by many forward-looking Europeans that the significance of Am- erican liberty was not confined to the New World. The American people, he said, “is the hope of mankind. It must show to the world by its example that men can be free and tranquil and can do without the chains that tyrants and cheats of all garbs have tried to lay on them under pretense of public good. It must give the example of political lib- erty, religious liberty, commercial and industrial liberty. The shelter which it is going to offer to the. oppressed of all nations will console the earth. The ease with which men will be able to avail themselves of it and escape the effects of a bad government will oblige governments to open their eyes and to be just.” Thus Turgot, like other Eu- ropean liberals, thought of America as a laboratory where a new political ex- periment was being worked out not ‘ only for the western world but for Eu- rope as well. A few years later this idea found a partial realization in the great French Beyolution, many of whose leaders, es- . pecially in its earlier and more moder- ate stages, had seen service in Ameri- ca. The first attitude of most Ameri- cans was one of enthusiastic sympathy \with the French reformers, but as the movement became more violent the sympathies of our people were divided. When the Revolutionary republic be- came involved in a general European war our government adopted a strictly ~ neutral policy and ultimately abrogated the old treaty'bf alliance. The fare- well address,'in which Washington de~ _ ? 'Ifcnded this policy, is frequently but not always fairly quoted. remnant-ed. for instance. that Wash- It is not usually natal! did not oMept to “temporary al- for extraordinary emergencies ” . {usual pabhc address dolly; ‘ the same year, he espressed his'own sympathy-Smiths at them: erican people With the cause of pond- lar government abroad. In accepting from the French minister the colors of the new republic Washington spoke of having given his best years to secure the establishment of political liberty in his own country, and added: “My anx- ious recollections, my sympathetic feel- ings, and my best wishes are irresisti- bly excited whensoever, in any coun- try, I see an oppressed nation unfurl the banners of freedom * * *. In delivering to you these sentiments l expresse not my own feelings only but those of my fellow citizens in relation to the commencement, the progress, and the issue of the French Revolu- tion.” The unhappy developments of the next few years disappointed the hopes of democracy on both sides of the At- lantic. The ideals of republican France were repressed and almost forgotten in the ruthless militarism of Napoleon. Even Thomas Jefferson, the most ard— ent friend of French radicalism, was disillusioned-*so much so that in 1802 his administration was ready to “mar— ry” the “British fleet and nation,” if necessary to prevent the spread of im- perialism to the New World. When, in defending ourselves sions on neutral rights, we finally fought with England instead of France, in the war of 1812, we did so not be cause of any special tenderness for Napoleon’s government, but largely be cause the dignity of American citizen- ship and the sanctity of human life seemed to us then, as they do now, more important than the mere infringe- ment of property rights. The war of 1812 had hardly come to an end when our interest in popular government received a new test. After the fall of Napoleon the great sover- eigns of Europe undertook to organize a mutual insurance society against mil- itant imperialism on the one side and revolutionary idealism on the other. The most consistent defender of hered- itary autocracy was the Austrian house of Hapsburg, and its high priest was the Austrian minister, Prince Metter- nich. Closely associated with the flaps- burgs, then, as now, was the Purssian house of Hohenzollern; then, however, the “great headquarters” of the combi‘ nation was at Vienna instead of Berlin. For fifteen years after Waterloo the people of continental Europe lived un- der a regime of Prussian-Austrian-Rus- sian military autocracy, which with the help of a most elaborate system of espionage, threatened to stifle alto- gether the freer spirit of the revolu- tionary era. Popular movements in the German states, in Spain and Portu- gal, and in the Italian states were ruth‘ lessly put down with the help of for- eign troops. So far as the Continent of Europe was concerned, the system of Metternich and his associates seemed to be effective. Europe was then infinitely farther away from America than it is now, and yet not too far away to escape Ameri- can interest. President Monroe’s an- nual message to Congress in 1822 con- tained several references to popular movements in Europe. He did not pro- pose American intervention; indeed, any such right of intervention was specifically rejected. Nevertheless, the President did not hesitate to express in unmistakable language American sym‘ pathy with these liberal movements. He mentioned the Greek struggle for liberty against the Turks with special enthusiasm and referred to “that great excitement and sympathy in their fa- vor which have been so signally dis- played throughout the United States.” The message also touched briefly upon the reform movements in Spain and Portugal and praised the “extraordi- nary moderation” with which they had been conducted. Monroe went on, how- ever, to espress his anxiety about the "menacing symptoms” than appearing in Europe. If a “convulsion" should take place there, it“ would “proceed 6 manual: which” have no ' existence against aggres- and are, utterly unknown in these States, in which there is but one order, that of the people to which the sover~ eighty exclusively belongs.” . Happy as the American people werein their iso- lation, he feared that even they might be drawn in against their will by some act of aggression. On these perplexing subjects Monroe carried on an active correspondence with his two predecessors—Jefferson and Madison. Jefferson believed that America. should have a separate sys- tem of its own, but he was willing-to enter into an agreement with Great Britain which would “bring her mighty weight into the scale of free govern- ment” and so prevent the extension of the European system to the New World. Jefferson had in mind a pro- posal that the European alliance should intervene for the purpose of suppress- ing the revolutions in the Spanish-Am- erican colonies. Madison was less cau- tious than Jefferson about confining American interest to the New World. The British government having declar- ed its disapproval of European inter- vention in South America, Madison ask-v ed whether it might not be “honorable” for the United States to invite Great Britain to extend its “avowed disap- probation” to the action of the Euro pean alliance in Spain, and even to join in some expressions of sympathy for the Greeks. Even if such a declar- ation should lead to war the United States would not be in serious danger in view of the British power on the sea. Madison expressed the same gen- eral idea in a letter to Jefferson: "‘With the British power and navy combined with our own we have nothing to fear from the rest of the world, and in the great struggle of the epoch between liberty and despotism we owe it to our- selves to sustain the formerin this hemisphere at least.” Monroe himself evidently had a certain amount of sym— passes out; or had; W ~-. souls, for the first draft of his famous KL ' message to Congress contained, ac- cording to John Quincy Adams, anex— plici't condemnation" of the Frenchm- tervcntion in Spain and a “broad ac- knowledgement oil-the Greeks as an independent nation.” The determined opposition of his Secretary of State, John Quincy Adams, forced him to con- fine his annual message :more closely to American affairs; but it still con- tained a strong expression of sympathy with the aspirations of the Greeks for independence. There was, good reason to suppose “that Greece will become again an independent na- tion. That she may obtain that rank is the object of our most ardent wishes.” Monroe’s sympathy for Greece as a small people trying to gain liberty and ~ self-government was shared by a num- ber of prominent public men. The great financier, Albert Gallatin, propos— ed that vessels of the United States Navy should cooperate with the Greeks and when the matter was discussed in the President’s cabinet two of its mem- bers, Calhoun and Crawford, expressed some sympathy with the idea. Even Adams himself, in a note sent to the Greek agent Luriottis, in 1823, explain- ing that the United States could not take part in the war, spoke of “cheer— ing with their best wishes the cause of the Greeks." In Congress, Daniel Web- ster and Henry Clay were in favor of following up Monroe’s declaration of sympathy by some more definite ac- tion. In January, 1824, Webster made a long and impassioned speech in sup- port of a resolution authorizing the President to appoint a commissioner to Greece, with the avowed Dawse of giving congressional indorsement to the President’s views. He maintained that such an expression of sympathy (Continued on page 444). Imamm"tzztmimmmrmz.;" m: it!" ’iiiiflWii‘iiWWW WWWWWWWiWM The Needs of France ARTICLE III. By FRED B. PITNEY HE French government is very bureaucratic, but the French people do not like to be over- governed; They object seriously to anything that Savors to them of mod dling in a man's private affairs. For this reason it has been extremely dif- ficult to get a workable income tax law in France. The people immediately rose against the proposal to give the government the right to examine their books and find out if they told the truth about their incomes, orvfind out what their incomes were, if they failed to make a return. So a scheme was figured out for taxing a man on seven times his rent, it he made no income tax return, or one the government thought too low. ‘ Saying how much or what a man shall eat is, also, getting pretty close to private affairs, and therefore, the French government, knowing intimate- ly the people it has to deal with, is slow—s-l-o-w—in coming to such meas- ures, even in face of the only too evi- dent food shortage in the country. There have been efforts at priée fixing, but they have not worked satisfactor- ily, one reason being that they have not been rational, but local. Paris, for example, has tried fixing the price of butter, but it has been found that the result has been to drive butter away from Paris to localities where it could be sold for what the market would pay. National Price Fixing to be Tried. A scheme of national price fixing is to be tried now with beans and pota- toes. Both of these crdps are far be low the requirements of the country. I have seen many days when potatoes could not be bought in Paris and it ,cut from that allowance. point out again that only direxnccessity‘ «‘ be bought. 'The national price fixing scheme for beans and potatoes will di- vide the country into districts and fix the price for each district, with a pen- alty for sending either commodity out of the district without permission. So far, meat has withstOOd all ef- forts to centre] its’consu‘mption—there has been no attempt to control its price—Tend yet it is vitally necessary either to control the consumption of meat in France or to increase the sup— ply. - Otherwise, the end of the war will see the country so reduced in its herds that it Frill take many years to bring them back again to the point where France will be once more selL‘ sustaining. Supply Must be increased. or course, the thing to do is to in« crease the supply. When a country has had its bread stuffs cut down to the extent which France has suffered, the people naturally fall back on meat. One might think they would fall back. on vegetables, but the same reasons that have deprived them of grains have deprived them of vegetables. There have not been the hands to cultivate the ground. They cOuld not raise more vegetables than wheat. And they have fallen back on beef,>mutton and pork, The herds existed, and they have been eaten up. The people had to have something to eat. I To What extent the herdshave dis- appeared is shown by the cutting down of the meat ration of the soldiers at the front At the beginning of the war they were albwed one pound of most a day. Twenty per cent has now been And 1 will was a common thing last winter term have to run bolt over the city. to a musket where green he said, , ,1 “‘3 typric en" ' to, , , censumers doubled and trebled. The ‘ poor cut down in quantity, one under- stands, and the very poor went with? out entirely. But those who could pay Could have meat, if they were willing to give the price. The time came, however, when there had to be an attempt to control the consumption. The army requires 36,- 000 tons of meat a month, or 432,000 tons a year. France’s herds suffered enormously at the very beginning of the war. A .total of approximately 2,500,000 cattle, sheep and hogs from the French herds were seized by Ger- many in the invaded provinces. Com- ing immediately on top of this .loss France found herself compelled to find food for some millions of Belgian and French refugees. This had to be done at once and the herds remaining had to be slaughtered without stopping to ask Questions about the future. One does not say to a starving man, “What will I do tomorrow, if I give you this crust of bread tOday?" England therefore, undertook to sup- ply France with 250,000 tons of meat a, year, and this supply was kept up at the rate of about 20,000 tons a month until February of this year. At that time the English supply stopped. Eng- land was having then, all she could do to feed her own people on reduced rations. Thus, since February, France has had to supply from her own resources 432,000 tons of meat a year to her armies, 1,428,000 tons for the civilian population, and another 350,000 tons for refugees, making a total of 2,000, 000 tons of meat a year demanded by France. » Herds Depleted. What are the herds she has to do this with? At the beginning of 1914 her cattle herds comprised 14, 787, 710 head; sheep 16,131,390, and hogs 7, 035,- 850. By the end of 1914, after five months of war, her cattle were reduc- ed to. 12,668,243, her sheep to 14,038,- 361 and hogs to 5,925,291. Today her cattle herds are cut down more than twenty per cent, while her sheep num- ber no more than 10,000,000 and her hogs 4,000,000—a loss of nearly fifty per cent of her hogs and three-eighths of her sheep, on top of the loss of twenty per cent of her cattle. Cattle feed is short in France and the cattle are poor and under weight. More of them have to be killed in‘pro~ portion to supply the needed quantity of meat. Milk cows have been killed and the shortage of proper feed has re- duced both the quantity and quality of milk. Why, I have sen ethe time when it has been next to impossibleto get milk. Why, I have seen the time when have gone from store to store, begging someone to sell me as little as two cents worth of milk for my baby: Crying Need for Meat. The government is trying to con- serve the meat supply and save the herds now, by limiting the use of meat to one meal“a day. The endeavor is made to accomplish this purpose by forbidding the sale of meat after 1:00 p. m. and ordering the butcher shops closed at that hour, while hotels and restaurants can serve meat only with the noonday meal. But this measure has had little effect on the use of meat as it serves only against the restau- rants. Housekeepers can buy all the meat they want before one o’clock, and they do it, as there is no restriction in the amount that can be bought. More- over, in the’restaurants one can eat all the meat one wants at midday, and thus make up for haying none at night, .and this, also, is the practice. There is only one real solution of the problem. France must have more meat. Her herds are disappearing rapidly. The}? are tbday far below the danger. point. 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That policy, “s springing from the na- ture of our government and the spirit of all our institutions, insofar as it respects the interesting questions which agitate the present age, on the side of liberal and enlightened senti- ments. * * As one of the free states among the nations, as a great and rapidly rising republic, it would be impossible for us, if we were so dispos- ed, to prevent our principles, our senti- ments, and our example from produc- ing some effect upon the opinions and hopes of society throughout the civ- ilized world * *- "‘ the great politi- cal question of this age is that between absolute and regulated governments * * whether society shall have any part in its own government * *' * our side of this question is settled for us even without our volition ‘ our place is on the side of free insti- tutions.” Webster did not advocate armed intervention by the United States in support of Greek independence, but he insisted that such moral support as could be given by a public declaration ought not to be withheld. Two para- graphs of this speech have a peculiar interest in this present crisis of our history: It may now be required of me to show what interest we have in resist- ing this new system. What is it to us, it may be asked, upon what principles or what pretenses the European gov~ ernments assert a right of interfering in the affairs of their neighbors? The thunder, it may be said, rolls at a dis- tance. The wide Atlantic is between us and danger; and, however others may suffer, we shall remain safe. I think it is a sufficient answer to this to say that we are one of the na- tions of the earth; that we have an interest, therefore, in the preservation of that system of national law and na- tional intercourse which has hereto- fore subsisted so beneficially for us all. " The enterprising character of the age, Olll own active, commercial spirit, the great increase which has taken place in the intercourse among civilized and commercial states, have necessarily connected us with other nations and given us a high concern in the preservation of those salutary prin- ciples upon which that intercourse is founded. We have as clear an interest in international law as individuals have in the laws of society. Finally, Webster declared that this expression of sympathy should be giv- en at a time when it, would do some good. “I am not of those who would, in the hour of national peril, withhold such encouragement as might be prop- crisis should be passed, overwhelm the rescued sufferer with kindness and caresses.” Webster’s resolution, though sup- ported by the eloquence of Henry Clay, was not adopted, but it doubtless help- ed to stimulate interest in the Greek cause. Some Americans enlisted in the revolutionary army and funds were sent over by “Philhellenic” commit- tees. European liberals were inclined to attach some significance in this con- nection to the cruise of an American squadron in the Mediterranean under the command of Commodore John Rod- gers; but, though there was some ex- change of social courtesies between Rodgers and' the oflicials of the Greek revolutionary government, there is no evidence of any departure from the rules of neutrality. American interest in the Greek cause was sufficient to bring out a letter of thanks from the President of their National Assembly to President John Quincy Adams, which he transmitted to Congress with his annual message of 1827. In this letter the Greek President declared that “In extending a helping hand to- ward the Old World and encouraging it in its march toward freedom and civ- ilization, the New World covers itself with increased glory and does honor to humanity.” The attitude of the United States to- ward the Spanish-American revolu- tions was the outcome of various mo- tives, and there was at first sharp dif~ ference of opinion as t0" the stand erly and lawfully given, and, when the‘ -..whieh the government should take, Henry Clay spoke for those whosym— pathized most strongly with the South American Republics. He suggested the possibility of intervention in their fa- vor as early‘as 1816, and in the follow- ing year—he opposed a bill to'prohibit the building of ships in American ports for the Spanish-American v'lnsurgents. In some of his most impassioned ora- tory he described “the glorious spec- tacle of 18,000,000 of people struggling to burst their chains and be free.” The comparatively conservative attitude of the administration, guided by Secre- tary Adams, delayed our recognition of the South American Republics until 1822, when it had become reasonably sure that they would be able to main- tain their independence against Spain. After their independence had been rec- ognized, Clay and Adams were as one in opposing any increase of European interference in the New World. When the Russianminister read to Adams at note extolling the'principles of the Eu- ropean system of intervention against revolutionary movements, ‘our secre- tary drafted in reply a statement so ag~ gressive in its defense of the republi- can ideals of his own government that Monroe asked him to tone it down for fear of giving unnecessary offense to the Russian Czar. In one passage, which was struck out of this rough draft, Adams proposed to refer to “the great satisfaction with which the Pres- ident had noticed that paragraph (of the Russian note) which contains the frank and solemn admissions that the undertaking of the allies (against lib- er‘alism in Portugal and Spain), yet de- mands a last apology to the eyes of Europe." What Adams stood out for in 1823 was the idea of defending the western world from European aggression, and that was, in substance, accepted by Monroe. Undoubtedly we feared the possibility of European conquests in South America and in the West Indies; but the great message of December, 1823, the starting point, if not the com- plete expression, of our present Mon- roe doctrine, is charged through and through with the idea that the funda- mental difference between American policy and that of the continental pow- ers of Europe resulted from the nature of their political institutions: “The political system of the allied powers is essentially. different 'in this respect from that of America. This dinerence proceeds from that which exists in their respective governments;" there- fore “we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dan- gerous to our peace and safety.” In short, the American government of .1823, before the days of the steamship and the ocean cable—not to speak of the wireless telegraph, the submarine, and the airship——at a. time when Amer- ica semed a world by itself, thought it sufficient to say that the Western Hem- isphere must be made safe for demo- cracy. 7 Seven years after the Monroe doc. trine was promulgated the European revolution of 1830 materially weakened the autocratic governments against which that doctrine was directed; but a still greater upheaval came in the “earthquake year" of 1848. France re- turned for a time to republican govern- ment, and German liberals joined in a promising movement which seemed likely to transform, if not to overthrow the divine-right monarchles of Vienna and Berlin. These hopes were for the most part doomed to disappbintment, and America became the refuge of those German liberals who preferred liberty in a new home to autocratic militarism in the old. Again Ameri- cans listened with the keenest interest to the great debate between absolute and “regulated” government,_between the advocates of ultimate control by the people and those who, as Webster Bald, believed “that all popular or con- sytutlonel rights are held no other- the United States for that period shOWs that theae popular movements in Ger- many were given careful attention by our government. The reports of Mr. Donelson, our - minister in Berlin, de- scribed the progress of the movement to liberalize the Prussian government then entirely without a constitution, and referred to the interest shown by the popular leaders in the federal and state constitutions of the United States. Finally, when representatives from the various German states met at Frankfort to organize a new federal government, based on the authority of the German people rather than of the reigning princes, Mr. Donelson was au- thorized by the President “to proceed to Frankfort and there, as the diplo- matic representative of the United States, recognize the provisional gov- ernment of the new, German confeder- ation; provided, you shall find such a government in successful operation.” These instructions were issued on July 24, 1848; and in August of that year Donelson was appointed envoy extraor- dinary and minister plenipotentiary to the Frankfort government. In March, 1849, Zachary Taylor became President and his secretary of state, Mr. Clayton, took up the correspondence with Don- elson at Frankfort. Donelson’s instructions of July 8, 1849, discuss the German situation at length and, thoughurging the import- ance of great caution on the part of our representatives abroad and disa- vowing in particular any intention of intervening between the liberal and re- actionary elements, nevertheless em- phasize the sympathy of the United States with the popular movement. Donelson was informed that his mis- sion to Frankfort “originated in the strong desire of this government to manifest a proper degree of sympathy for the efforts of the German people to. ameliorate their condition, by the adop- tion of a form of government which should secure their liberties and pro- mote their happiness.” It was the cor- dial desire of the United States that a. constitution might be established “for all Germany, which will render the na- tion great and powerful, and will se- cure to every German citizen the bless- ings of liberty and order. Should eith- er a republican form of government, or that of a limited monarchy (founded on a popular and permanent basis). be adopted by any of the states of Ger many, we are bound to be the first, if possible, to hail the birth of the new government, and to cheer it in every progressive movement that has for its aim the attainment ofthe priceless and countless blessings of freedom.” The following passage is worth quoting as illustrating the official American view of the fundamental issues at stake: From what intelligence we have been enabled to gather on this side of the Atlantic we understand that there are, at this time, two parties in Ger- many, each seeking to establish a. con— stitution for a. Germanic Empire; and that the essential difference between them consists in this—«that one of them desires to form a constitution, which has for its basis a recognition of. the principle that the people are the true source of all power; and the other, a constitution based on the despotic piin- ciple that kings hold their power by divine right, and that the constitutions to be established under their auspices are boons granted to the people. by them, as the only legitimate sources of power. It is hardly necessary for me to say to you that all the sympathies of the government and the people Of thetUnited States are with the former pary . Americans learned of these things not merely by reading the papers but from- the lips of political exiles who found a refuge in Amer-lea. __Republi- can idealism from’ German, ' y. like Carl Schurz, FriedrichHecker, and Franz Slgel found "here a sympathetic hearing . and gave to their adopted country that . spirit. of free loyalty which was dis; com-aged in. their old home;- From gungary, strug’slillg militabufihfil in, -~ The diplomatic correspondence of ‘ l dependence. Vat the; Haipéburg dynasty; 'came the ardent ,revolutionist,“ Louis“ Kogsuth'.‘ ' ’ ' ' Kossuth was a man of picturesque ‘ ~- personality, an'd‘the Hungarian revolt made a strong appeal to American sympathies,'which found expression ev- en in the omcial utterances of our lead- ers. The administration of President Taylor showed its interest in the Hun- garian revolution by appointing a spe- ‘cial agent, With authority to recognize ;, " " the independence of the new state . “promptly,” “in the event of her abil- . ity to sustain it.” The language used '5 in the instruction of this agent, which later became public, was strongly re- E sented by the Austrian government be- : , cause Hungary was described as f‘a ; great people rising superior to the ' enormous oppression” that had “so long weighed her down.” In his an- nual message of 1849, “in accordance with the general sentiment of the Am- ' erican people, Who deeply sympathized 3. with the Magyar patriots, to stand pre- pared, upon the contingency of the es- tablishment by her of a permanent government, to be the first to welcome independent Hungary, into the family of the nations.” The hopes of Hungary i had, he said, been defeated through the intervention of Russia, and the American government had not interfer- ed in the contest; but “the feelings of the (American) nation were strongly enlisted in the cause, and by the suf- ferings of a brave people, who had made a gallant though unsuccessde ef- fort to be free.” After the collapse of the Hungarian revolution, congress passed a joint‘ . resolution, approved by President Fill-; » more, March 3, 1851, declaring that' “the people of the United States sin- cerely sympathize with the Hungarian exiles, Kossuth and his associates,” and - concluding as follows: gesolved by the SenateJ andd gouse ‘L. of e-presentatives of the nite tates ' ; 5121’ America in Congress assembled. I‘bf M E N and . hat the President of the United States YOUNG EN be, and hereby is, requested to author- ! ize the employment of some of the pub— ‘ ' » . file {Essfizggfgggfi 1;?) 119evgefigisai§§ Good looks you will find in every Clothcraft Suit and Over- $15 to $25 * £231“?ng $35333 Eggtg‘ils Satitrfgaigg coat in more than generous measure. But downright wearability SERGE P ‘ z ,3 1n Xiptigz-ican Ship was accordingly .——Vhonest worth—genuine all-through value are likewise built, by u I 0,,_;8ECI;LS »;_ l . sent to bring the exiles from Turkey. “scientific tailoring,” into Clothcraft Clothes just as strength is (3:521:83;sci/$333133; 7130 —— r .50 ray On his arrival. in Washington, Kossuth , was formally received by the President built into a bridge—by the very excellence of the materials and “3130”—~$22.50 Gray i and by both Houses of Congress, and. ' l ' ' - a “ ”— f .‘ was the guest of honor at a congres_ the making. V Sturdmess underlzes the good looks. So it s a real 413° 9122'” Blue . sional dinner presided over by the “find” to discover such clothes as these—at $15 to $25! The, .ph 61:11:“; C, 1.. .4 _ as 2183 ., m I President of the Senate. Against all this official and semi-offi— me VCLOTHCRAFT STORE in Jew 72m: er the Austrian government protested through its charge d’affairs in Wash- 1 1.: =: in“ 169 Acre Maryland Farm $5000 Corn, Wheat, Alfalfa, ington. To this protest Webster, then secretary of state, made a vigorous re- I . _ . . -_ . . « , Fruit. berries. \egtahln-s, pullllr)’. l ,-f . ‘ ply In the SO called Hulsemann letter, fiflm‘dgom malkafl0m‘L B ‘VK IVnuneymakars here. 1L3 aux-es level. [iggdiiti‘t‘ivgulfiggg Wthh went somewhat beyond the ‘ A A * ‘ . J. l‘r»’e.machine worked tillage. Estimated wood ahdtim. her marketed to pay for farm. 11:3 fruit trees. 2-st0rv hunt-(6, burn, stable, ui'imary. corn barn, poultry house. bounds of conventional diplomacy and "mu" "”5““- R'K'ERV‘ BANK . . . . ()uner making (mu-k (-hungn includes if taken now 3 horses, 2 rows, heifer. ‘J hugs, mower. riding plow. har- FA-A-A-A-L-A-A_ 'A_A-A‘ has since been severel criticized. It . . . . iS‘ nevertheless interesfino because ll; I HE dlreCtorate Of this bank IS composed ii’aivg'emilfi‘liltfg' aggi'ndbti‘ndgr.#621:n(rllrilllhvngonbclar. _ , ( ,, . , _ . . ._ .‘ 5. ‘ S. n .. _ ms 0 scorn, .' . contains another emphati: expression Of men Whose lnlelClual promlnence m the ilvzlii‘iégislful’éé}gill-(CWT?)ial’i'fifrtlzeilhiizf."Ointmqii ~ , . ~,~ ‘ ‘-. )-" ‘. .‘mflraw, I of American interest in popular govern- bUSIfiglss fieldhenables them to keep in the CIOSCSt 33132332” fillfliiirfillrzqml’sh‘33:? ' X.m‘¥.‘2.‘.“l “"533, / q 0351 etOUC ' ' ' ' ‘ fro " t cl A M:~ ll: d’s E. . ‘ rysnnw p With Chang mg busmess conditions. mail: ‘fi'ZSeliieéiKm Lgré't'hioif‘ivli’arfi‘nl‘l‘rliii{Lilia till Christ-mas. Come and see. Details pageElO, Strout's Their knowledge and experience is of inestimable Gummmm, mm. mailed m, E_ A_ “NUTS value to our Cllents CVerle’iere. FARM AGENCY, Dept. 101, 150 Nassau Sh, N.Y.. N.Y. D E T R O I T Don’t Rent A FarmnYou Can Buy One ment abroad. The United States, VVeb- I ster declared, _would not take a direct part in the struggles of foreign peoples for constitutional government. “But,” 3 he continued, “when the United States Cheaper 2113']? :3}: Exit???” Seuttihernldkailwag .f‘. . . _ , . , " , one in ~ - , x? ' behold the people of foreign countries lb: —— - __--- 3:13;» digit; is; {rm “r .“ngi ginorl'nési."w-li!§e ‘ .. A lssourl ; k; a; n .. . ‘ Louisiana. East Texas and {lie Griilfm‘dgast”“a(ils¢l Without any such interference spontan- . .. . . . - I I l‘ialteru Oklahoma. eously movmg toward the adoptlon of WI" from ’ , Address. IMMIGRAI‘IUN m-nmr B . 0“ th a n s a I No. 503 K. C. 8. Building. Kansas citv, Missouri - "[15 e '0 F _‘ - - institutions like their own, it surely cannot be expected of them to remain mgzlmfgg tome “lg-0 Pathfinder. “the {:gggnigmnggnfigg,‘"$33,333:" fil1llifi“fiy°.“(§hem”" 0 wholly indifferent spectators.” Not math-at this world cam-i: 'rlflflan'm: publlisheaa:cthauun's‘cenmethe Nrati:::ali:ri:i‘iligzgiitri{s Ytllurr {53123031133 33.016 buym‘ U ”m “n” "° '9" only the American people but their ”.333?“ gagsllo ?u:l?cmamg 3.11233213.‘Tf.£223;“,§lf:ilf£gfif;?.ff,':::’,g,ng,vy$;,;*;$§;,=ugg; Gehrke & Jensen, lnc., government had, he declared, the right ;;::‘ir::?u:: ""2? "T "Tit“ i ‘3§?§;§h‘2‘153in:3:35.;alight:ii§§ti°3§fio$23fiil§f 3:312: 242 WOODWAR“ AV“ Detroit. Mich. ' to express their ‘own opinions “upon 3.2“gg‘figfififfgfifigfihkgals e°v3ryilun cfiixifiliiifi Edefiiitlig‘i‘ilgs.Idgllhsflxiifi'ma‘ilctmgzgiitstxfillbilgégg 3"" iii}:luknoii‘tiiiiisriiiifdriWig:131130193)?"3m'3‘"? the great political events which may probation 13 weeks.Thilgéyniifi-Egfizdbt:we“;:J‘Eizcihtztilggs'ilifltclikihscfii‘si3:%il;§%:fliiu7§ew3iilliiéhtgindgor.“ gi‘iistngtli 13:31am“ "6 “"d-“hm‘ "Oi" “m"; tang, o - - , . V ementsund livestock. Apply 1,..- “an“ only. LAWL ihNClsVl . SNELL. 1301 Dime Bank Bldg. trans ire amon the civilize na ‘ V . . . f a.” u. » g d “”8 Boys aiming“ “Emmy”? “ma“ Worn-a Parmesan“ megawatt 0 e ear _ ina s'iib-crtlitiggg fol; 00] 1:16:20" tit: crops you know about—_altalfa. wheat. barley, etc.— 0 Centrali're mu- fnrmi - -- alsoorangoa. grammolivesand figs. Ideal fordalrying. T some of the detached “firn’igmiiltiliii’: :Vblrlkisiilltl t f ' , ' . (Concluded next week). gin 1338335133: tf'ii‘rli‘t‘té‘oi‘ti‘lgfafiéia «:33; ”f" and “11‘0““ N" 00” weather: rich soil; low These soils heavily remnz d th 11 ' , an illustrated list of Reward full of Christina Sug- 1' yes; 9“ terms: 300d roads: ““0913 and churches. Bearing orchard and bet-re lanliimui sheep feeding. NOW this blush of beauty upon the gestions.GAddl-esszA 3:310 ogggine%fle§9:}:g%e€s welwuliel.) “Rubia: (lint ’l‘ellus kind of lace wante and will 2.330%; goggg. ee ' I a n o » s ‘ r . ‘ . “ . ' V ,- n s merlcnn Fruit Grower. Illustn 13%;...f?. agingan ravgs.r“ldustrii;l FBEMOAT CA NING 00.. (lremont. .Iu-h. . 11123 0 check without represents regular hab—- 3“ “Ymouth Court Chicano. Ill. - Commission “7-: m 3!. Exch. Chicago. '20 AC R farm for sale. All fenced; “:5 for the} health within.—-—Hillis. , half In ('ultivation' ’ H A V E 3331““ 0" limb?!” *0 30"? ntng water: excellent stock farm: one mile frothéougi ' Eyery failure teaches a man some- F “F '- adsF . _ 11.2 a li a. - _ V mug: he-Wgutlfgm-"Dmkensi . arms an llllll a attain 0'afimfifiklyggfiuyxfirgogingxfig?si%%§e smashes:s:a“.:2:ar.3.‘;:hsasmi:i- . , V‘T‘her ,are u ree'ways of iving' , "r L M ' "'5 onsx r t l ' I ' , s. mss by mu... 3.... by, beg. 5, 31'le FARM MAN , . ..;1‘:“;.-.:f:;......... . .o... Ferrets. “Jim ' ' ~ ~'\ ' . ' , . 1 _ _w 0815 I! , '0! in 38500. '0! Xhlfili‘ built“ one» half d‘own ‘ c Barn 30x90 rwgfil “or 1r ' room 01180 With chmrfi' , . ,,_ . . _. .. , . . . nd , pen /., feminine! mPilom W oh. - 1 rs. EVA WERNER. Eagle, meal E. s'. Bhfxsli‘ONTm ”fifyfifi, 5”“ ,/ AMolclI-Ligghlin Gasoline Lamp! v Here It Is—a match- lighting gasoline lamp! No torch needed. Lights with matches like the old time oil lamp—but makes and gums its own glas rom common gaso giving a remarkablyof brilliant. steady. white lightot 300 OANOLE POWER * Iiii'i'si.‘ more than 20 oil lamps. Far , hm brighter than the brightest ‘ lllllasl electric li ht and costs less slllsillus than one- ird of a cent per hour. Thirty times cheap- . er than electricity. Safer than the safest oil lamp. Cheaper than the cheap-. . est candles. I; The Coleman nick-Lite Safest amp in the world— Abso- lutely no danger of fire or explosion. Fuel can’t spill— no danger if tipped over. No wicks to trim-No globes to wash. No dirt, grease, smoke or soot. The Quick- Lite Lantern — com anion to the Quick Lite Lamp. Stom- rgttif, wi‘hd- proof, bug-proof. Absolutely safe. Ban ’t explode. Roll it over in strawl—no danger. Most powerful and most convenient] ht for farm or home use known. Ask your de er about it. Get the Genuine uccess invites imitations. Be ' S careful, therefore to get the genuine Coleman Quick-Lite . Lamps and Lanterns. if your dealer can’t supply you write us direct, addressing nearest office for Catalog No 29_ COLEMAN LAMP OO. , ST. PAUL, WIOHITA, TOLEDO, \/ DALLAS, CHICAGO. IAIN LIONTING PLANTS In the United you get exactly the same, depend- able II lectrio- se rvice as you would from a bim ity J. central station, bII Icause the same pr: ‘ncipleis used only reduced in size to meet your nee -.Ils Use Your Own Engine That's your power, It' s Belted (not direct- con- nected) to generator. Bolt absorbs shocks and vibrations. Means along life to generator, the heart of the plant. MII ans lcssfuss—less trouble, Nothing automatic to 30 t out of adjustment. Requires no attention. Up—keep cost a trifle. Engine generates electric current while doing other farm work Comes complete. All sizes— 30 and 110 volt systems. Write for complete description and name of UnitII Id dealer near you who will gladly demonstrate this or any United P” mUNITED ENGINE coMPANv UEPT. E-52 lAIISIlu, MICHIGAN LET US TAN YOUR HIDE. Horse or Cow hide. Calf or other skins with hair or fur on and make them into coats (for men and w omen). robes, Iugs 0] glm cs II III II so In IlII 10 Il Your for goods will cost you less than to buy tho III and be II orlh I Hill Our illustrated catalog gives a lot of inlormzuion. lr, tI-lls how to take off and care for hides. how and when we , pay the freight both ways; about our 3 sale dyeing process on cow and horse ‘I hide. Call? and other skins; about; the fur goods and game trophies we sell, taxidumy. etc. ThIIn IIe hiue rcccntly got out an- other we call our Fashion book, II holly devoted to fashion plan‘s of muffs, ncckwenr and other ll.i(‘ fur u‘urmcnts, with prices ' also lur garments remod- ded and repaired. You can have either book bv sending your coi rent address naming which. or th books it you need both. Addiess The Crash Frisian Fur Com 571 Lye! Ave.. Rochester. STEVES Sr HUOSIER RANGE; FREE go hyin your home 80 days free no matter where you live. now your friends dssend it back at our expense if on dono‘ want to keep it. fiillion members of families enjoying the . , , comforts and pleasures of “no.“ Ior" Steven A Mimos- perfect bakers and heaters. beau- tifully finished. smooth latest den gn. guaranteed for years. I Write for our his free book show- ing photographs, describin large assortment of I see and hang}: {liaiiifiii'ctci‘iiemnm to' mm .boE‘ lslnlnc our free trial. HOOSIER STOVE CO. 131 State St" Marion. kid. '3'.“ . canal)“ "an Egritzkemiigge good care- taker and able to handle help. Good salary to right ‘ man. BoxM , care Michigan Farmer. Detroit .Mich any! .Y. ofs stock Bumper the v White-Rabbit By GEORGE ETHE'LBERT‘ WALSH Copyright. 1917. by Geo. E. Walsh * UMPER woke up the next morning B so hungry that he couldn’t think of any of the million questions to ask until he’d finished eating his break- fast. Besides a cabbage, there were some carrots and beet tops the old woman had fished out of a grocer’s backyard, and Bumper had to jump lively to get his share. Jimsy and Wheedles were already on their sec- ond carrot when he opened his eyes. “You’ll never catch up with me!” said Jimsy, greedily. “I’m one carrot ahead of you.” “And I’m one and a half,” mumbled Wheedles, with his mouth full. “I don’t care. Sleep is better for you than so much eating. I had a longer nap, and such beautiful dreams! Oh, I do hope some of them will come true.” “Tell us about them,” said Jimsy, forgetting to eat. “I never have any dreams.” “Neither do I,” complained Wheed- les. “You must tell us about your dreams.” “As soon as I finish my breakfast_l will,” replied Bumber. “Yes, they were beautiful dreams! I thought I was in a big place filled with crisp lettuce and golden carrots, and a girl with red hair picked me up in her arms and carried me away.” Bumper stopped talking while his brothers looked in amazement at him. They had heard the day before his story of the red-haired girl who wanted to buy him, and they were interested. But, while they stopped and waited for him to proceed, Bumper chewed away at his carrot until it was all gone. Then picking up a second one, he said: “Now I’m up with you. I’m on my second carrot. Tomorrow morning I’ll tell you the rest of the dream.” Jimmy and Wheedles were greatly surprised and angered at the trick Bumper had played upon them, and they immediately began eating their carrots again as fast as they could. They were in the midst of their breakfast when the old woman came inthe backyard with her basket. All the rabbits set up a commotion then, for they knew she would choose some of them to take away and sell. There were two reasons why they all wanted to be chosen. One was they liked the change from their narrow quarters to the street cor- ner and the Sights of the city. Another was they all hoped some day to be sold and taken away to a big house where they would be potted and fed until their little stomachs would nearly burst open. They were a little crowded in their home, and new baby rabbits were coming all the time so that if some of them weren’t sold they’d soon be walk— ing all over each other. “Now, which ones shall I take to- day?” the old woman mumbled, smil- ing upon all of them. They all bobbed their heads and blinked their pink eyes, and Jimsy jumped over Bumper’s back and hop- ped right into the woman’s hands. “Well, Jimsy,” she said, “you seem very anxious to go, so I’ll take you for one. ” - Wheedles tried the same trick, but it didn’t work the second time. “No, Wheedles, you’ve got a cold,” she said, pushing him back. “People don’t want to buy rabbits that have "colds ” - Bumper had no cold, and he decided to try his luck, but Topsy, a big rabbit, got in his way, and nearly bowled him ever. Bumper squealed, and the old woman pushed Topsy away “ a... Man-us TheMIh ans-u Wh - N.» View» afiv‘éoupf‘fi; ‘m “Np. you can't: go far being “ghastly as‘ pop; Why Bumper Was Left at Home rough,” she scolded. “Poor little Bump- ed, did Topsy hurt you?” ' Bumper was sure then that she in- tended to take him along with Jimsy; ' but no! she put him down gently, and selected three others. Bumper’s disap- pointment was so great that a. tear came into one' of his pink eyes. It was mother who consoled him when the old woman had filled her bas~ ket and left the yard. “Never mind, dear, your time will come. You’re younger than Jimsy.” “But why should I always be left at home?” complained Bumper. “It’s the place for little Iabbits, ” was the reply. “There’s no place so safe and comfortable. ” “But yOu always -told us some day we’d find a better home, with plenty to eat, and nothing to do,” whimpered Bumper, who felt quite cross. “Why did you tell us that?” Mother rabbit looked quite perplex- ed for a moment. “I think, dear,” she said finally, “you ask more questions than any child I ever had.” Bumper’s eyes shone with amuse- ment. “1 have a million more of them to ask, mother. I dreamt of them last night.” “Then,” laughing at him, “find the answers to them in your dreams to- night.” The next day Bumper had his turn, and then again the following day, but each time he returned home unsold. Jimsy was bought by a little boy, and triumphantly carried off, and Wheedles was captured by a girl. Even Topsy, who was big and clumsy, found a-pur- chaser, and disappeared from the back- yard. On returning home the fourth time, Bumper was in a disappointed mood, and felt very unhappy. “Why is it, mother,” he asked, “that no one buys me? Am I so homely that no one wants me?” , “What a question to ask, dear!” smil- ed mother rabbit. Then, patting him On the head, she added: “Bend down your ears, and I’ll whisper a secret in them.” Bumper squatted down, and pulled both long ears toward his mother so he wouldn’t miss a word. “It isn’t good for little rabbits to hear what I’m going to tell you,” she whis- pered. “It often makes them proud and vain; but I suppose you will know it some day” Mother rabbit sighed, as if the secret was hard to tell, and not very. pleasant to hear. Mothers are very queer some- times, even rabbit mothers. "It’s because you’re so beautiful, dear!” she whispered finally. “You’re whiter than any of my children, and you have the Softest fur, and the pink- est eyes. Now do you understand?” No, Bumper didn’t understand a. bit. He was moreperplexed than ever. If he was handsomer than other white rabbits, him first. Why did they look at him, and return him to the basket, and say: "I guess I’ 11 take the other one. "” “It must be people dgn’t know how pretty I am ” he said finally. “What can I do to make them see?” Mother rabbit laughed until her fat sides wobbled like a fur muff filled with playful kittens. “Dear, dear,” she exclaimedLWith tears in her eyes“ “I thought you would understand It’s be- cause the people don’ t have the money to give.” . ~ “Why don’t they. ‘7” he asked, a, little peeved. “Don’t they have all the men- gey they want?” I - ":‘No, dear, not all of them. Some fife}. , , then why didn’t people buy- old woman asks tee much for you ” This didn't improve Bumper’ 8 tom- per any; but right away he thought of the little girl with the red hair. “Do you think she has plenty of money?" ‘ he aSked. “She was beautifully dress- .ed, and had_a rose in her hair." “I don’t know. Some people put all their money on their backs, and starve their stomachs. It may be this girl was that kind.” Bumper was sure she was wrong, for the red-haired girl didn’t look starved; but she didn’t have any of her birthday money left, and she confessed she had spent it all for cakes and candles. Bumper wondered if she’d had any- thing toeat since, or If, she was saving up her' money to buy' him. . That night he had another dream in which the red-haired girl appeared; but in the morning the old woman" took him out of the box, and said: “It’s your turn, Bumper. I must sell you to-_ day. I need the money badly.” (Next week’s story tells how Bump- er was sold). A Submarine Camera By MARK MEREDITH HERE has just been invented in America an electric ‘ camera which takes accurate photos of the bottom of the sea, and all that is lying there, and which is able to put on a screen in a few hours what it would take divers days to secure. The camera is the invention, of a New Yorker. It is controlled entirely from above the surface of the sea. There is practically no limit to the depth at which the apparatus will work, and no kind of under-sea photography for which it is not available. Leaving out of consideration the scientific data Which this camera can pick upfrOm the floor of the sea, it will be of great value in salvage operations, in survey' work for location of sunken rocks, and perhaps in treasure hunting. This new camera. consists of several separate cylinders, suspended in and connected by a rigid steel framework, at the bottom of which is a shock ab- sorber, terminating in a' big ball. When this ball strikes the bottom the shock of grounding, which might otherwise upset the delicate mechanism, is taken up, and on the other hand, the ball is so connected that in case it is fouled a pull of no more than three hundred pounds is required to make it slip off and free the rest of the apparatus. Above the shock absorber is a gyro— scope which gives stability to the whole apparatus against vibrations, and in order to take pictures in all directions it is necessary for there to be a. propeller rotating the entire ap- paratus upon its vertical axis, and this is worked by an electric motor,- sup- plied by current from above by means of a. cable running from the ship. The camera tank is below the propeller tank, and is fitted with a steel cover. having an opening for the lens, which is fitted with the greatest of care for this camera must oflnecessity be wa- terproof. The camera tank also con— tains the distribution board from which, the wiring radiates, thefocussing ap- paratus, the mechanism for tilting the cylinder and for operating the shutter, and sundry other necessary accession. - ies for a really up to-date photographic apparatus. The focussing arrange- ments are especially novel, and yet” ‘ they are operated by a switch, which allows of the shutter being worked, continuously, intermittently or remain— ing stationary, and the control of the camera is so complete and, yet so sim—k ple that it is possible to achieve any desired series of evolutions. Considerable scorecy is being main— tained as to the internal working of " .the source of ll h but ey den’t buy '{ you The ’ .; v, .. - ,,,,, ”,7. i 3 1 ? heavy glass lens is protected from the heat of the light generator by an inner circle of transparent. mica arranged at some distance from it and having small openings to allowr slow circulation of the heated 513.01.111th for the light comes, oi course, from the ship above and through the cable, and in addition to this live wire, there is .a flexible steel cable to carry the whole weight of the apparatus, which is 1,500 pounds on land, and one hundred pounds when submerged. All the parts used are tested for a pressure of five hundred pounds per square inch, which corres- ponds to the sea-water pressure at a depth of some 1,000 feet. A fairly low voltage is used to operate the light pro— jector and the various small motors though allowance has been made for the loss of current in traveling. ‘ The practicability of this device will soon be in evidence, and it is not nec- essary to have a vivid imagination to see it in use over the bottom of that part of the ocean where the submarine victims lay—for there is some treasure there that is valuable and recoverable. GERMANY’S PAPER YARNS. BY M. 1151;11:111‘1'11. According to one of the Berlin tech- nical journals the manufacture of pa- per yarns and fabrics is likely to con- tinue after the war, as it has proved to be so successful. If this actually prov- ed to be the case Germany will be able to dispense with the-importation of jute, and of matting fibres of the jute type, such as hemp, flax and china grass. The paper yarns provide a per- fectly adequate substitute. Last year thirty million kilos of paper yarn were manufactured in Germany, and the pa- per spinning mills employed nearly 16,- 000 hands. Pine trees are the best material for producing the paper used for yarn, and the state department for the German forests is being called up- on'to provide two million cubic metres of wood per annum for the spinning mills. The demand is a moderate one since the total German consumption of wood is thirty-five million cubic metres per annum. The employment of paper yarn in weaving has been considerably extended in the last year, for the ma- terial can now be produced in a dura- ble state and can thus be spun into fine counts. In addition to the paper yarn fabrics hitherto manufactured, such as rope ware, girths, belting, tents and sail canvas, bread bags, sacking... as well as tapestry and carpets mato rial is now being produced for work. mens clothes, aprons, clothing, sport- ing attire and smgical bandages. Papei iabx 11.5 can also be used like wood fab- lies 1'01 mats, covers, curtains, etc UNCLE JOHN ON BEAUTY. BY IRMA T. SOPEB. Ye’re admirin’ grace and beauty—— All ye chaps as young and free; But ye ll think some different, likely, When ye get as old as me. Beauty’s fine, ain’t nothin’ gln’ it When there’s goodness goes along Hand in hand, and lips are smiling As they sing a cheery song. But the face, my be all freckles And the nose somewhat askew Hair be red—it will not matter If the eyes are kind and true. Ye ’d term Jane’s bein’ homely, When she told ye “howde- do,” F91 her smile lit up he1 face, like, And her eyes were kind and" true. Folks wuz sick, er wuz in trouble, Aunt Jane'd always lend a hand, Anyway she could to help em: Always seemed to understand. I ain‘t much on these smooth talkers— Stand and spiel a yarn ter you—— I like folks that’s awful homely If their eyes are kind and true. The very word “education” is a standing protest against dogmatic weanling—ac W. met andno one is really the in W detect is better than a 7 .‘ unless he MICHI EN-ARFCO National Motor Oil White Rose Gasoline and Other Petroleum Products Plan now for next season. Getthe utmost power from your tractor, auto- mobile, gas engine or motorcycle. Begin to add to the life of your motor. Multiply its operating power. Elim- inate carbon annoyances. Use En- -ar- co White Rose Gasoline for gasoline wered tractors(or En-ar-co National {jg ht Oil for keromne powered trac- torgs) and 1311- -ar-co National Motor Oil. Read This Advice of Farm Experts \0 engine manufacturer will contra- dict the statement Hut more gasoline motors are routed by being burned out through insulfichnt or kfaully lubrica— lion which means koi oil or the use of improper oil than through any other cause In reality lubrication is the life of the mechanism. Friction must be eliminated to prevent wear, and in no case is this more true than of gasoline engines. Elective service can be expected from any «unable make of gasoline engine if it is prop- erly cared (or. Poor results are certain with the best and highest- priced engine that money can buy if the requirements oélubrication are 1 observed- accuser» Pm mm raw material from which it was En-ar-eo White Rose driving force. and uniform Just as human This free handy oil can is our gift to farmers. You'll find it a great The Better The Lubricant The Better The Motor And there Is only one “better" lubricant— En-ar-co National Motor on Without lubrication the most expensive motor is as lifelessas the return it to its native value — a few cents per pound as scrap. But efficient lubrication will endow it with pulsating life. It will give it an energy that answers to your will and performs the tasks you dictate. An En-ar-co lubricated motor will continue its service more efficiently and beyond the life of motors using ordinary oils. Uniform Motor Fuel lnsurcs Uniform Power Power Is the “big word” in lam production-— Upon your selection of motor fuel depends the mom’s degree of But to be emcient, this force must becpntiuuous that supply vitality, so is your motor’ 5 best e the vitahty of its fuel. En- -ar-co White Rose Gasoline is the ac- cepted standard of highest power on thousands of farms today. Farmers who operate kerosene tractors find an equal measure of power in En- --ar co National Light Oil. isfaction they derive from En- -ar-co unusual quality they, select these other petroleum products: En-ar-co Transmission Grease En-ar-co National Frlcflonless Compound En-u-co Black Beauty Axle Grease En-ar—co Black Star Harness Oil Ell-am satisfaction may be you». Send' an the coupon for free handy oil can and fun inform-bu on Urination and power made. Faultylubrication will soon Gasoline B power. energy is deflaendent upon foods rts dependent upon And because of the sat- \ Branch Olflees In 76 Cities General omees, Cleveland, Ohio , . M on... - _ ' 2 (Give name above) . , _‘ . ,. . , ‘ . 3 EL enclose m2-cent stamps. Send me Handy Oil Can FREE. ». ,, J a ease give mmtshipping mint in this state and quote me: prices on Kym Name 13.. The National Refining Co.L“‘""” was... THE NATIONAL MR SENT FREE um (30 Rose “Cleveland, Ohio .nutoI-obile or tractor aid the “on. I have about... ked. I will be in the market I .. (Give «1.11; above") .. H n” I I 1139.. . ”gals. gasoline per year. I I use ...... gals. motor oil per year. I use" .. ..lbs. axlegmaoper year. I 1158.. .. ..nutcvmobilegmnse per-year. I “56.. .. ..g11ls. kerosene per year. I use” .. ..gnls. tractor oil per year. I .......n F; D...... ......Stnte............ Tear or cut out—Mail Today NOTE—Thu can will not be sent. unless you give make of your or tractor. $10MAYEAR$ Earn 8500 to 82000 a year extra profit. No ox rience too We teach 111 “land for R110 Chicks in every 1 ltV.Wr1te for facts. TOM AID SELL DAY OLD cocoons. Easy work-takes onlfiafow minutes a do. Small space needed. so your present co ln. Equi- to investigate. Int. In In.“ Nathanael-Mgr mm and as Milk envelopes. 91.1.. Ireland &Co. on»: we. nu. EEK DUPLEX “use? ' One of the Easiest Rimming Nil]: Made . Grind: on corn, shelled com, out; Irley, rye, not.“ corn, 111.11. ,“Séfi'izf kind of double grain. spout attached to dlbo: aid. at nil). We furnish extra hopper for grinding mall grain and on: corn at the nuns time. M will double not of grinder. or burn. Have a gym tutu. or! just double that of mast. mills“ emu! rhythm for... do twice on much work anulm 26% loo. Hiya pudtotguoliuoonchu. Wears“. Wriufor Fm Catalog. DWI-I mm. I. are. 00.. I.- m, m “k '0'. I it... Earn $275.0 A Day Easily — Work all or spurge! time. . y“ r own. Be; an cheapest mitt. knowne- neocon- SELL “ION LIGHIIB 8'81!” dependable durable. Buhtut.‘ bnprovements. Giv tothc cm Sgths‘fiaigxigghfirhk lord.- mm I£43. Acne." 'oui' Wforcm agents proposition. all free. AKRON GIS “HOP t$0.. 391 Gas Bldg. .. AKRON. OHIO orv _. ”EARN AUCTPOIEERING " mwé‘ii‘l'égh'iifiii dbooono independent with no capiital invented. Every bunch [at the business taught 5 weeks Write catalog 10:113-er "00L“ 0' AUCTIONIIRING. Chic-u... Ill. Com]. Joan. I’m. llSooramento Blvd" L I M E send “triplet an: lull particu- t LAKE anon]: noiv‘f: 815’ “X131"? ’0" Ian-keno, Mich" and Soot shame-1. Mich AGRICULTURAL “ME Emmi; p? 3"?”3 11116 a once Line-tone. also pulverized burned lime.all madefrom hilt edciun limestone. Guaranteed to be the best on thumb bet. Yam-inn nimsolicited. Samples turn ished on request then: le. C0" Pom-kc. Mich Yul valued lt-olroo k'lor ”sour £1th Write for LOW PRICES DIR HOT '30 ‘0 and we will 1r tabs Hauler & look Co. 30:23 Beflevi e P CLOVER SEED sum us SAMPLES son oul. nos Yum;- moo 0m. Mu. .60. . ..I and win-- N.M..u&9“hmuu m can: ”may" we ism Moo-moth. 0.3mm... Lu “indict. When writing to advertisers , please mendon the M1chi~ ganFarmer. ' . Your Carving will call for no apol- ogies t/zz': Thanks- giving Day if done with a KEEN KUTTER Carving Set. ' j J There's a temper in the forged . steel blades of KEEN KU’I‘TER Carvers that makes them take and hold a keen and lasting edge. ‘ You’ll lose all nervousness over carving before your guests the very moment you get a KEEN KUTTER in your hand. And that holds good for every meal for years and years to com e. ' KEEN KUT’I‘ER Carving Sets are inexpensive and guaranteed -—:ati.gfattian or your money (moi. _‘ Ask your dealer to show them. v («SIMMONS :‘kmv; ‘ , r” KUIIERE‘E a“, ’L! i“ I: ._.. ——._.._ \ .__._ 2 . » _—a-. s _. ., F ant-‘- - . w l :qJJJ JI gm 1 Carving Set No. K631-C SIMMONS HARDWARE CO. Manufacturers and Distributors St. Louis New York Philadelphia Toledo Minneapolis Sioux City Wichita '1'): rec llection of UALITYrema'im l u an} 2h: PRICEu?a raotten ° 9 —E. C. SIMMONS. Trade Mark Registered. W1 Both Endorse This Corset Doctors prescribe it, because it supports the bodily or one in their natural position, improvin the healt and driving away the lassitude an dragging pains so common to farm women. Dressmakers like it, because it restores the stout or distorted figuret to the natural lines of beauty making it possible to attain a style and attractiveness otherwise impossible. Thousands of farm women —and city women too—er wearing the M. &K. Uplift Corset and blessing the day they heard oft it. We want every woman who reads this aper to write at once for fu l descriptive cir- cular nnd~ part1culars of our Free ApprovelOl‘fer. Address Katherine Kellogg ‘ M. 8: K. CORSET C0. 200% SLJack-on. Mich. Healih— comfori— Convenience . Wis °"* 11.21am?" "renames...“ . .« 2:31:11: {ii-iv: No wrong: ds.r rheumatism. etc: 5 " Wolverine Chemical Toilet if heal oflclnl Sud- -; Her At Home Iona Eloerjcre ., :1; The Domestic Crucible Grace Learns How the Other Half Lives ’M willing to go almost any length I in economy to help Uncle Sam. but there are some things I positively refuse to do,” exclaimed Grace Ludlow. “Some things are thrift and some are downright insanity, and I refuse to line. up with the mentally warped until a judge puts me with them.” “What’s the matter now?” asked John. “Certainly not this dinner. Cold ham and fried chicken, plus cottage cheese, there are three proteins; and chutney and chili sauce are two appe- tizers. And with the scarcity in sugar, two sweets are extravagant, yet here, woman, I behold two kinds of real cake and cookies on the side. Loyalty be- gins at home, but I feel it my duty to write to Hoover.” “Hoover can go to the dickens,” Grace said unpatriotically. “I kept house before I ever heard of him, and I guess I could worry along if he’d drop off tomorrow. I’ve been trying to get rid of that ham ever since your folks were here a week ago Sunday, and the hen was old enough to be drafted. I’ve just made that chutney and I’ve a right to try it if I want to, but Mildred likes chili sauce best, so I put that on for her. That fruit cake is almost a year old, anyway it’s been made two months, and if the whipped cream cake isn’t eaten right away it spoils. There were only a few oat-meal cakes left, so I thought we might as well eat them up, Mildred likes them. The matter is,” she explained, “we went to that conservation meeting this afternoon and some of the things I heard made me sick.” “Why I thought it was all pretty good,” said Mildred, John’s cousin from Detroit who was visiting them. “What in the world did she say that you think was too extreme?” “I’ll bet some city woman told her how to make cottage cheese or four- teen ways to use buttermilk,” laughed John. “Grace knows twenty-seven ways now, and her cottage cheese gets sev- enteen cents a pound in Lansing.” ”You don’t mean to tell me,” Grace turned to Mildred; ignoring John’s re- mark, “that you think any woman in her right» mind would Crack the prune pits from breakfast, salt the meats and serve them for salted almonds at din— nor? Why, she’s waste two hours and wouldn’t save ten cents, making some- thing the family would hoot at. Don’t you think anyone could tell the differ- ence between store almonds and home- made prune pits.” . “Maybe so,” Mildred said meekly, “but I was just thinking I’d try that when I got back home. We love salted almonds, and all the other little lux- uries we’ve had to cut out since April, and Iwas thinking it wouldn’t take long to try it and if we did not like them I needn’t do it again.” “Well, you' can try it if you want to,” Grace sneered. “But, believe me, I won’t. My time is more valuable than that.” _ “Yes, yours is,” agreed Mildred, “and mine would be, too, if I lived on a farm with as much to do as you have. Be- sides, you have hickory nuts and but- ternuts and walnuts for the picking, and all sorts of garden stuff: and real hen’ 5 eggs and honest-toégoodness but- :15 ; tor If I were you I wouldn’t waste my J time. salting prune nits, either. Instead ,. *‘ I’d can all my surplus to sell noxt win-j; 1, J for "to his $613th in“ the city}! fancy prices. And I’d gather the nuts and sell them. They were one dollar a bushel last winter and will probably be three times that this year. But seeing I live in a two-by-four flat in Detroit, and have no end of time on my hands and am not a producer nor a.middle‘ man, but just a poor, lorn consumer, caught between the devil and the blue sea, believe‘me, I try all the thrift hints I learn about.” “I suppose you even make jelly out of apple parings,” Grace scoffed. “Certainly,“ Mildred sail calmly. “And I buy ten cents worth of apples at a time. That apple-paring jolly is old stuff. I’ve done that for ten years, and this year I improved on it. I made blackberry jam last week, had two box: es at twenty-five cents a box. I always have to take out the seeds or Bob won’t eat it, so I made apple sauce from four quarts of apples the same day and boiled the parings and black- berry seeds together. I got four glasses of delicious jelly. Wasn’t that better than throwing the stuff: away?” “Well, that’s the limit.” Grace stared wonderingly at Mildred, and beyond her at the bushel of snow apples await- ing her on the kitchen table. “You skimping away making jelly out of stuff I throw to the pigs, and me with that bushel of apples just for picking up, and twice as many more rotting on the" ground because none of the neigh- bors want them and I won’t bother to pick them up to sell. ” “No, that’s not the limit,” said Mil- dred demurely. “My neighbor across the hall saw what I did and she did even better. She boiled her pulp the second time and got two glasses more than I did. I was quite furious [to think I throw away that perfectly gnod jelly.” “Just the same I don’t believe such things are thrift,” Grace maintained. “1 think it’s just stinginess.” “So it would be in you,” Mildred ad- mitted. “But if you had to buy every- thing you put on your table and were paying fifty cents a peck for apples, half of them 'windfalls, you wouldn’t, feed to your pigs, you might change your mind. You see, you and I belong to different stratas of society. You folks are plutocrats, while I am just one of the proletariat. Why, I could tell you all sorts of things the women in our apartment-house do to turn an honest penny. Wehave so little to do, no housework to speak of, and no chil- dren, that we are not wasting time when we do these things, as you farm women would be. 'One woman walked twenty blocks to a meat market where they advertised beef shanks at six cents a pound. She got twenty-eight cents worth, and you’d smile to hear what she did with that bone. The first day she cooked it in the fireless, and had soup, dressed up with cold oat meal left from breakfast and a bit of macaroni left from dinner the night be- fore. The next day she cooked it again in the tireless and had vegetable soup from the stock. The third day, you might think "the things were done for, but not so this thrifty soul. She trim- med off the lean meat, put the bone, gristle and fat back in the tireless With a quart of water she had boiled cab- bage in, and that night she made a , 'moat pie with the bits of lean meet, ‘, the stock, the outside pieces of’a bunch of celery, one white terminals _\._.—________ ______‘ I’m not saying there” was any nourish- ment left in that meat, but it gave the meat flavor the government is begging 7 us to spread, and the vegetables and- rich crust furnished the sustenance.” “YOu don’t mean to say you have to do such things,” John broke in. "Isn't Bob getting real money at Ford’s? If he isn’t, tell him to come out here and I’ll give him a. man’ 5 job.” "Of course. Bob isn’t working just for experience,” Mildred answered. “And while I thank you for your kind offer of steady work at good pay, I must re- mind you‘ that you can’t make a silk- purse out of a sow’s .ear. Bob would be just as muChuse here on a farm as you would be trying to hold down a book-keeper’s job for Henree. Every- one to his trade. I suppose, strictly speaking, I don’t have to do many of the things I do, but I feel I should. Ev- ery paper I pick up tells me of a. threatened scarcity of some necessity, and of a jump in price of pretty much everything. For though the govern- ment says it is cont1olling prices, pric- es’ to the consumer keep right on ris- ing. I have loads of time on my hands and can just as well use it in studying ways to save. I feel that if I can save a little of the total supply, someone else who hasn’t the time I have, will be able to get more. Scotch soul tells me thata penny sav- ed is a penny earned, and why pay six- ty or seventy-five cents a peck for ap- ples for jelly, if I can get a good pelly from windfall Duchess parings? Also if I can make grape juice from a. bas- ket of grapes and -~ then make jelly from the same pulp, why shouldn’t I?‘ I am told that, in a certain canning fac- tory’in Michigan'the‘boss washes the refuse off the floor of-the room where the tomatoes and chili sauce are put up and makes the stuff into ketchup. If the unsuspecting public buys that, why aren’t my clean apple-parings and once-boiled grapes perfectly good for home consumption?” ' .“I‘suppose it’s good enough,” Grace agreed, “but it stingy to me, just the same.” “That’s because you have plenty, and it would be stingy in you,” Mildred re— plied. “I’d lose all respect for you if you did such things. But remember, when you are serving three desserts and two meats, not to (mention jellies and relishes, andihree or. four vegeta- bles at one meal ,that thousands of oth- er women can’t get one dessert, and just common apples are a luxury to them. Government literature has been telling us that vegetables and fruit are cheap and plentiful, but we of the city fail to ’find it so. Two-years ago I wouldn’t pay $1.00 a bushel for toma- toes to can, because. —I’d always got them for forty cents.‘ This year the dealers asked $3.00, andfsome of them kicked because they didn’t ask more. With such conditions, I’d think I was a criminal if I didn’t economize." - “It isn’t right,” said Grace, looking over the well- filled tame. “We have too much, and thousands so near us Can ’t get enough to eat. ” - ' “No, it isn’t right,” said Mildred. “I’ll say ‘Amen' to that, and I’ll say it more fervently tomorrow when I get back home and pay twenty dent's for fifteen apples, five of thenr'little knotty things your chickens would refuge to peek. Also, my thrifty ’ sounds downright ' ./ . and your ups and downs. LIME lN A TIAKETTLE. _ , ‘ :31“ r. n. a. In limestone countries we take in too much lime; Bright’s disease and all kidney troubles that make our liv- ing years miserable and our days short in the land, nine times in ten, get their start from too much lime in our drink and food. This is why a teakettle filled up with lime is an added menace. "It usually takes an acid of certain kinds to cause anything to let loose easily from stone, or lime from any substance we make teakettles of. To loosen long accumulated lime from a teakettle I boil vinegar in it, allowing it to finally stand and steam the lime throughout. Then it should let loose easily under a knife edge. An iron teakettle accumulates lime faster, in my experience, and cakes it hardest, but yet can, above all other teakettles, best be cleaned by allow- ing the teakettle to burn dry for some time over a red hot fire, which heat breaks the lime loose and cracks it in- to bits. Remove these and try the vin- egar to clean off the last bit of sedi- ment. Granite kettles or tin are not so easily cleaned with heat as the spouts melt of! The cleanest teakettle and coffee pot inside that I ever saw were those of a very wealthy woman who did all the cooking for herself and husband. On a visit once to her daughter, I caught the old lady one morning, carefully scalding out both teakettle and coffee pot before beginning our breakfast. Girl like, I demanded to know why she did that? She turned red in the face, looked angry, and snapped out, “Why, every clean person should do that ev- ery meal.” Her daughter heard, and looked worried. Afterward she confid- ed to me. “It is awful, but it is not that mother is so cleanly. It is because she does not trust my brothers, nor me exactly. She is morbidly afraid of poison. Fath- er is so rich, and quarrels with my brothers, who are all spendthrifts, and ———well, mother has somehow got it in her hea that it would not be past the nature 0 some one or more of these boys to poison father and herself in their hurry to get at the fortune. She has read of the like.” Not for the reason of this woman but another, wash the teakettle out of- ten. Don’t forget or neglect it, and you will meet. with no danger from lime. EMPHASIZE NOBILlTY, NOT NEAT- uses. Dear Deborah—For so many weeks, that they might be totaled into years, I havebeen reading your page in the Michigan Farmer and laughing and crying with you over your problems Sometimes the readers pat you on the back, and at other times they jump with both feet. It all amounts to about the same in the end, Deborah, and I imagine there is a goodly amount of solid old human nature hiding behind your forceful nom-de—plume. It breaks out in' the jolly, rollicking swing of your snappy little editorials, and I have an idea that, like your namesake of palm tree fame, you could lead a host to vic- tory, yet you are stuck fast on a simple little boy problem. ,They won’t hang up their nighties, or set their shoes away in the closet, their mittens are forever breaking com- pany and wandering away to unknown fields; their trousers get creased and wrinkled from being thrown down in little heaps and, bless you, there is no end. Bless your heart, woman, no real live boy that, amounts tothe proverbial pinch oi mutt has time to hang up things when he is nine or ten years old. He is a boy then, with a boy’s » business to look alter, and he believes :in letting gwonlen look after theirs, lumen consists in pro ,grav‘y in which the meat was cooked my wmosmonm. it You have a vision of a girl growing up somewhere who is going to he inti- mately connected with his future. Well, Deborah, sometime in the dim and per— haps not distant future your boy will get the’same vision and then just see what will happen. Things will have to begin to stand around then. Mittens will have to mate; shoes will be taken care of to keep them looking nice, trousers will be hung up to keep out the wrinkles. Don’t~worry, the same old Father Time who is going to draw winkles in our faces will erase the wrinkles in some of our problems. Teach your boys honesty, true nobil- ity of character, respect for woman- hood, and you have done your duty even if they never hang up a garment. And the girl will love. him for his ster- - ' - ling qualities of character and judge his mother by the strength of his man hood rather than the neatness of his nature. Mother‘s tenderness and patience, the kindliness of her counsels and the comfort of her sympathies stay with us long after mother herself has gone. So let us give our children an abundance of the things that endure, giving no anxious place to the little worries that time will remedy. And when they have grown large of heart and strong of character, in the beauty and nobility of the manhood and womanhood we have helped to create, we will lose sight of the careless little traits of human na- ture that are born with all of us and die with us.———Nightingale. SMALL SPOILAGE BY COLD-PACK METHOD. Four hundred and twentyiive Michi— gan housewives and girls who in the past three years have canned 35,687 jars of fruit in the way recommended by the government experts, have filed reports with the college’s club leaders on the results of their work. These records show that in these 35,687 jars, only 685 jars, or less than two in 100, failed to keep—a result much better than has been obtained by any other fruit preservation process. The survey was conducted by Miss Anna B. Cowles of the college, state leader for girls, to counteract the work of certain agen- cies which it is said have been attempt- ing to discredit the cold pack method for the purpose of increasing the sale of commercially canned goods. What small spoilage there was, it was found by means of the survey, was one-third due to poor rubbers, or defective tops for jars. Such other failures as were reported were attributed in large part to the fact that directions were not fol- lowed in detail. SAVORY POTATOES. Here are some potato combinations that will please a hungry supper crowd. Potato Pie—To one quart of hot boil- ed potatoes add enough hot milk to moisten. Season with butter and salt. Mash in kettle in which they were boiled and beat with a fork until light. Stir in half a cup of minced ham. Have ready four hard boiled eggs and half a cup of stock or gravy. Arrange pota- toes and sliced eggs in dish in alter- nate layers with potatoes forming top and bottom layers. Moisten with gravy. Brush over the top with milk‘ or egg and brown in hot oven. Potato Turnovers—Boil and" put through the ricer enough'potatoes to measure a pint. Add one well beaten egg, one tablespoon of flour and season with salt. Turn on‘ floured board, roll out and cut in circles size of a saucer. Place on each a large spoonful of dry hash seasoned with onions and parsley chopped fine. This hash should be dry or bound together with thickening. Double over and pinch together like a. turnover. 'Place on agreased baking sheet and brown in hot oven. Serve with a thickened sauce made from the T'nfi-CHIGANMFARMER We Have Over a Half Million Rural Customers Who order their supplies of Union Carbide direct from our warehouses now located in the centers of one hundred and twenty-one farming, districts. You would be surprised to ‘learn how many of these customers we serve from the warehouse nearest you. To those neighbors and prob- ably friends of yours, we ship Union Carbide in little sheet steel drums holding one hundred pounds each. It is a simple matter to keep in these drums a supply of Union Carbide sufficient for many months or years, as safely and easily as ordi- nary coal can be stored and handled. ToCookYour Meals To Light Your Heuse AIld Barns The average size Carbide Light and Cooking Plant re— quires draining and refilling with this Union Carbide and plain but once in many weeks. With no other attention and without repairs the plant will then automatically render the double service of supplying bril- liant and extremely beautiful light for house and barns and perfect fuel tor the gas cooking range in the kitchen. The perfect adaptability of this service for country home re- quirements has enabled the Carbide Light and Cooking Plant to sur- mount competition for 20 years until today it easily outsells all rivals. 'atcr As a country home owner you will find the fact-s in the case mighty interesting. Wnte us todayfor descriptive booklets by mail , free. Address: UNION CARBIDE SALES COMPANY 42d Street Building, New York . Peoples Gas Building, Chicago 12 Kohl Building, San Francisco Dept 45 Stammerlng Cured MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS. No. 2232—Girls’ One-piece Dress. Cut in four sizes, 8, 10, 12 and 14 years. Size 12 requires five yards of 44-inch Price 10 cents material. Rel U 8. Pat. Off. Cal-belated Petroleum Jcllu A most effective antiseptic dress- ing: also especially good for bar- ber's itch, insect bites, poison ivy and come. Avoid substitutes Put up in handy glass bottles. At Drug and General Stores every- where. Send postal br free illus- trated booklet full of valuable information. CHESEBROUGH MFG. CO. (Consolidatctfl 27 State Street New York City ISS—Une-piece Dress for Jun Cut in three sizes, 12, 14 and 16 Size 14 requires 41/; yards of Price 10 cents. iors. years. 36-inch material. powerful portable lunar, giving a 30!) canon cr pure white light. mt what the for”. 'yr yman, stockman etc. needs. Safe-Relish). Absolute! e or kerosene. Ll 1!. _Burns either gm Ema . Apno- was“. on. man. was «1;, - “’°:“'°" Tmmruou‘rco. 280E. 5th St” Canton 0 No. Set of Short 22Mhild’s clothes. Cut in four sizes, 1, 2, 3 and 4 years. The dress requires 2% yards of 36-inch material, the slip requires 1% yards, and the drawers require 1% Write for particulars. established 23 years. em THE LEWIS SCHOOL. yard; for a three-year size Price 10 sum was, as... con , 3““ No. 2212—6kls’ Dress. cm. in tour _ PRIEXMCIII WY sizes, 8, 10 12- and“ 14 years. Size 12 require“ 1% pardon: 44-inch maxim... ( are... 3%?" GUAmnteed fore” PEn Circuit WOT ' I:01“ Ignition ‘°h AmpeI'u “6 Red Seal Dry Batteries Honestly made and absolutely guaranteed for Auto, Gas Engine and Tractor Ignition For Bells, Phones, Hand Lanterns, etc. Free Book Every engine owner needs our handy engine book— med in colleges and tech- nieal schools but written in Behgli‘ainE United States.’ .Please men- tion dealer’ 5 name. MANHATTAN ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO., INC. 104 3. Fifth Ave.. Chicago New York St. Louis San Frantlsco Factories: Jersey City. St. Louis, llamas. Ohio (1 I 9 .. ' CE -——-s I Improve Ybur 5rd for Work or Pl ay HETHER you use your Ford for busi- ness, for pleasure, or for both. you can make this great car still more satisfac- tory by equipping it with the DATE N T E 0 Ford Shock Absorber Cars In businem use. where running cost is all- Important, the Hassler should be used because it. gives you from 20 t0100 per cent greater mile- age from your tires, reduces up- -keep a rd. and increases mileage per gallon of gas surprisingly. In pleasure riding where comfort is all- im- portion the Bossier shoul dbe because nbsorhe all jolts and jars. prevents rebound. eliminates sidesway and provides the gentle. springy action simi lar to the riding qualities of the big 82. cars. lO-Day Free Trial Offer Write today for FREE TRIAL BLANK and we will have I not of Haulers put on your Ford without I sent of expense to you. Tryi-heinloasys. Then. I! you are willing to do without them. they will be taken oil without charge. Don't ride without Haulers simply because someone discourages you from tryingshen.tooepttl1ls oilsr and see for yourself. Over sets in use. Writs todar—lOWoo‘l concur 11. 111.931.1111. 1... naps. 13 Indianapolis. Ind. Are you suffering from mfiture turewithout any hope of re ef? Get the rocks Run-I. hue Appliance on free trial and know the comforts of a sound man. The automatic sir cushion clings closely without slippinéor mm to comfortabl theh ernis. awe and b' together the parted tissue and hives Nature 3 chanceto them firmly As specialistnh of 303119.13; upenence we svepe ect a comfortable sure relief from hernia in the Brooks Rupture Appliance. Endorsed by thousands of phy- Sent on trial to prove its . Made to Durable—cheep. Write today9 for measure blanks . BROOKS APPLIANCE CO. 494 amen Marshall. Mich. WITTE simans. your measure Engines S there any more absorbing topic for dairymen these days than mar- keting? Wherever there are two or three dairymen gathered, the chanc- es are that they "are talking some phase of the subject. Even at the great National Dairy Show, where the most famous dairy cows of the entire world are gathered for a fight to the finish for the greatest ringside honors of the year, many dairymen were found talking prices. The conference on marketing dairy products was started off with a short address of welcome by H. E. Van Nor- man, president of the National Dairy Show. In response to his talk, Milo D. Campbell, president of the National Milk Producers’ Federation, emphasiz- ed that the greatest object in the meet- ing should be to outline economies rather than to meet with the ideas of boosting prices. Organization among farmers has come to stay he said, but we do not want to create class feeling and promote discontent because of giving too much emphasis to farmers’ needs without attention to the needs of the consumers. Discussing the economic factors that effect butter production, Geo. E. Has- kell, of the Beatrice Creamery Com- pany, said that one of the main rea- sons why the producer is not getting more for his butter-fat is that much of it is delivered to the creamery in poor condition. Lack of cooling cream and milk on the farm, and carelessness in cleaning utensils are the two main rea- sons for this. He also favored the centralizer type of creamery over the small concern under local manage- ment because the large concern can build up a volume of business that war- rants the hiring of experts to make and market the product. Local pride is the thing that stands in the way of this._ A creamery, he thinks, ought to have a. volume of business amounting to 5,000,000 pounds of butterannually, for profit, but many small creameries run on a volume of 100,000 pounds. In the afternoon Charles A. Lyman general organizer of the National Agricultural Organization Society at Madison, Wis, emphasized the import- ance of cooperation in the improve- ment of farm products. It also is the great means of broadening and enlarg- ing the farmer’s outlook on the whole world. It means more than dollars and cents; it means better farms and better homes. George Cayer, general inspector of the Department of Agriculture, Mon- treal, Canada, told of the cooperative work of the cheese-makers of Québec. Their success has been based upon grading products and then selling them according to quality. They maintain three grades of cheese. When they first started operation in 1910 they had thirty cheese factories and only ten per cent of the cheese would grade No. 1. In 1916 there were 500 factories sell- ing c00peratively through the associa- tion, and ninety per cent of the cheese was of good quality. The total busi- ness this year will amount to five mil- lion dollars at the present rate. In closing his address Mr. Cayer empha- sized again that grading and selling on a quality basis were the two things that had brought success. - Henry Krumley, of Wisconsin, talk- ed of the activities of cheese producers in Cheboygan county. In 1912 someof the dairymen got tired of seeing the price of cheese cut to ten or twelve cents by cheese brokers and sending it up 100 per cent or more during the winter seasou when very little cheese. was coming onto the market. So they established the Cheboygan County Cheese Producers’ Association. The first nine months of this year they handled 7, 600,000 pounds of cheese, at an average expense of onefeurtb.‘ of s «an: -' 10$ Marketing“ * Dairy ‘:‘Pr“odii‘Cts»- cent of the difference between summer and winter cheese prices. Market news service is a new line of work that is being taken up by the Bureau of Markets for the purposeof informing dairymen about the general market conditions, giving the producer the same information that enables the large Operator in dairy products to ban- dle his stocks at a. profit. Reports of production, supplies on hand, market conditions, prices, etc,‘ are some of the things that will be covered in the in- formation that will be sent out by the bureau, according to R. C. Potts, who discussed this subject. In order for dairymen to benefit by this information it is necessary for them to have an or- ganization through which the news service can be distributed to the pro- ducers. COUNTY AGENT NEEDS ORGANIZ— ED BACKING. That the active cooperation, advice, and assistance of farmers themselves is necessary to the success of county agent work is one of the most import- ant lessons impressed upon officials of the United States Department of Agri- culture after six years of experience with this work in the northern and Western states. The best means of se- curing this local support has proved to be the establishment of a county or- ganization usually known as a. farm bureau. To enable the county agent and lo- cal farmers to organize and conduct a farm bureau most effectively, the de- partment has just published detailed suggestions as to methods of procedure in a guide known as “Handbook on Farm Bureau Organization for County Agricultural Agents.” sents the fruit of experience in this field thus far, it is said. It can be adapted readily _to the varying condi- tions of different counties. It may be established in counties having inefii- cient organizations, in counties con- templating the employment of an agent and in places where the agent is now unsupported by a local county organi- zation. The chief functions of a farm bu- reau, as outlined in the handbook are: 1. To coordinate the efforts of exist- ing local‘agricultural forces, either or- ganized 'or unorganized, and to organ- ize new lines of effort. It does not sup‘ plant any existing organizations or compete with them, but establishes a. clearing house through which all may increase their efficiency without in any way surrendering their individuality. 2. To bring to the agent the counsel and cooperation of the best farmers in the county in planning and executing an agricultural improvement program. 3. To furnish the necessary local ma.- chinery for easily and quickly reaching every community in the county with in- formation of value to that community or to the county as a whole. 4. To encourage self-help through de- veloping and exercising leadership in the rural affairs of each community. 5. To reveal to all the people of the county the agricultural ~pos'sibilities of the county and how' they may be realized. WHY ORGANIZE? All men grow in vision and capacity to accomplish worth-while things under the stimulus of close association and interchange of ideas with their fellow men. The farmer is no exception to this rule. So in those communities where farm folks are organized, or where they associate closely and sym- pathetically, we find the best roads, su~ perior schbols, active rural churches, mere young people on the farm; I ' tenantry and a more 17116 cm , The plan repre-. 16;. W ens. ; " peopie lies in the fast 15.5.1 it tend to bring all the agricultural practices of a. community up to the standard of the , “ r L ’ bestpractices of the individual. It has a leveling influence, but fortunately, the leveling is accomplished never by reducing thgfimficiency of the best farmers, but always by raising the standard of the less efiicient. Organi- zation is a mighty factor in bringing about maximum efficiency. It makes for the permanency of our American agriculture. The ends of democracy are justa little better served when the people of the rural communities are able to make their influence felt in deciding the great public questions of the day. In a republic where fifty per cent of the population is rural, the farmer is entitled to considerable say in matters of state and national concern. Through, organization he will make himself heard and the nation will be better for it. . Briefly, organization increases the efficiency of farmers in farm practice. It establishes social, educational, and religious standards which will make the country a more desirable place in which to live. It secures proper rec- ognition in municipal, state and na- tional affairs affecting the interest of farmers. It establishes relations with the business world which will enable farmers to market their products so as to secure maximum rates for their time, labor and investment. There can be no legitimate reasons or arguments against organizations that have these purposes in view. Mo. College of Ag. A. J. MEYER. THE CEREAL HARVEST oi= 1917. Speaking generally, it may now be affirmed that the grain crops are har- vested in all the important producing countries of the northern hemisphere, and the time has arrived for summing up the various official estimates of yield so far furnished by the govern- ments, in order to ascertain" whether the harvests of this year have been good, average, or poor, dealing with each product separately. This is done by the Bulletin ot’Agri- cultural and Commercial Statistics pub— lished by the International Institute of Agriculture of Rome. The September number furnishes a. definite reply to' the query, as regards all the cereals both for food and fodder, and we pro4 ceed to summarize the international ta- bles therein. For wheat, the Institute has ascer- tained the yield of the following coun- tries: Spain, France, Scotland, Ireland, Switzerland, Canada, United States, British India, Japan, Algeria. These countries have produced- in the aggre- gate 453,268 thousand quintals, while in 1916 the total was no more than 438,705. The crop of 1917 therefore repre- Sents 103.3 per cent of that of 1916 but, if compared with the average of the five years,'1911 to 1915, we find the yield of the present year to” be only 88.6 per cent of this average. It is therefore the case that the crop of 1917 is decidedly better than that of 1916, but this fact does not cancel its appre- ciable inferiority ‘to an average yield. With respect to rye, the total yield of Spain, Ireland, Switzerland, Canada, and the United States is 22, 848 thou- sands of quintals, or 110. 7 and 126. 8 per ; cent of the yield of 1916 and of the av- erage, respectively. The position with regard to this cereal is quite satisfac- tiny but the area. cultivated is rela- tively‘a 311111110119.st facts as to outs are very" favorable, the“ yield in ' 1917 being estimated at 289‘. 644 than: , f sands of quintals as an aggregaie' 61-" 4 spam,- ' United States The reaps 1184991- ”9:93 1nd 111 1'9. be! 9 ' '. he — - al I .,.. , countries, ' em ,_ ' fl ’ we . “figs @1133. demand: ‘96,:111012915393 pram lei, Spain, Sivitzerldnde and the United states yielding 331,626 thousands of quintals,'or 125.3‘pengcent and 117.7 per cent, as compared respectively with the crops of 1916 and 1911 to 1915. The plentiful maize harvest of 1917 is all the more important, since this grain is cultivated so widely and at present fulfils a considerable role in the provision of human food. As .to barley, the total yield of the following Spain, Scotland, Ireland, Switzerland, Canada, United States, Japan, Algeria, is 101,086 thousands of quintals, representing respective per- centages of 102.4 and 98.4 per cent. The position of this cereal is therefore an average one. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES MAR- KETS. In the following comments, jobbing prices and shipments are given for, the United States for the period October 2330 inclusive. Potato Market Continues Unscttled. Complaints of car shortage persist from practically all producing sections and this fact, together with the poor weather, has prevented loading and caused comparatively light movement. Storage houses are reported filled. A heavy freeze in Michigan has limited the offerings from that state and many northern potatoes are showing effects of field frost. Shipments all season have been very light from the Aroos- took county region, due in part to a short crop, Maine having shipped to date only about forty per cent of the amount shipped last year up to this time. F. o. b. prices at Presque Isle on Green Mountains, bulk eleven pecks declined to $3.50 to 3.75 during the last of the week. Round whites are quoted f. o. b. Goldwater, Michigan, at $1.25 to $1.35 with a moderate demand. Michi- gan stock, bulk per cwt., ranged from $2.10 to $2.30. F. 0. b. prices in Wis- consin held up fairly well, although the demand was limited. The demand at Minnesota shipping points was very ir- regular with few sales toward the last of the week on account of the weather. Red River Ohios went at $1.05 to $1.15. A very acute car shortage in the Cree ley section of Colorado together with reported damage by frost has helped to make the f. o. b. demand exceedingly limited. Jobbing prices remained fairly firm. Maine stock sold from $4.75 to $5.50‘per 180—lb. bulk, and from $3.40 to $3.60 per 1204b. sack. New Jersey Giants jobbed from $3.50 to $4 per 150- lb. sack, running up to $4.50 on some of the southern markets. White varieties from Wisconsin jobbed from $1.45 to $1.65 bulk per bushel, while Minnesotas went from $1.35 to $1.70 in sacks. . Onion Market Bull. The onion market has been dull and inactive during. the past week, Connec- ticut Valley Yellow Globes declining in a jabbing way to $3.25 to $3.50 with top prices $3.75. Some stock sold as low' as $2.50 to $3 last of week, i". o. b. de- mand Connecticut Valley onions ex- ceedingly limited. Few sales reported. Massachusetts shipments held up fairly well; 1,369 cars have been moved to date from Coniiecticut Valley, compar- ed with 1,562 cars same time last year. F. o. b. demand for New York stock continues good; loo-lb. sacks of Yellow Globes sold usual terms, $3.25 to $3.65; California Australian Browns, jobbed at $3.25 to $4.25, falling away slightly toward last at week. F. o. b. demand for Ohio stock is very light. Yellow Globes, Ohies, jobbing at $3.50 to $3.75 per 1004]). sack. , > Apple Market Advances Slightly. Apple prices showed a tendency to advance; during the past week with gooddemndandafairmarketfor good flock. Good barreledstock is Wit” “film $6.50. Western boxed denaturing moved freely an east- ‘e'm, mxwéfin‘éy stock a $1.75 to til-$3.25. Ship- m :7 thon- t:_ at $1.30 to 51.40 t. ‘o. b. Spokane. Re- cent frost in Colorado and car shortage has sent down f. o. b. market in that state. Bens moving at $1.15 to $1.25. Grape Shipments Fall Off. Grape {shipments this past week fell off about 700 cars compared with pre-‘ vious week. Demand was only moder- ate. Heavy frost in Michigan damaged the crop. It is reported that practiCal- ly all grapes unpicked will have to be sold for wine stock. Rains prevented picking in New York; 4-qt. baskets of Concorde quoted at 20c f. o. b. West- field, N. Y.; Michigans 19 to 240, 6-qt. Climax baskets, mostly 25 to 280. Other Fruits and Vegetables. Cabbage—Shipments held up well in spite of the lack of cars, New York, exclusive of Long Island, rolling 496 cars, compared with 462 last year. F. o. b. prices, Rochester, N. Y., declined last of week to $30 to $32 bulk per ton, cash track. New York Domestic job- bed $35 to $45 per ton. Danish stock slightly higher. Reports of frost dam- age in Colorado with slow demand at shipping points. at $1.15 to $2.75. Wisconsin Domestic jobbing $35 to $45 bulk per ton. Celery. -—Market remains firm. New York and Michigan continue heaviest ship— pers. TWO ENEMIES OF THE COOPERA- TIVE ASSOCIATION. Two tendencies may be charged with the defeat of scores of worthy agricul- tural movements. The indifference of many and the over-zealousness of a few have wrought havoc in and out of the ranks of those who would sacrifice for the public good. Indifference is a barrier that con- founds and discourages the best of leaders. Matters that appeal to the thoughtful person as just, or necessary, are received by a very large class with a feeling of impunity. What can they do, or why should they move? are pat- ent responses to the call for coopera- tion. This apathy is almost certain to cool the ardor of the most enthusiastic leader. . Then, when a movement has gone so far as to bring men together for a pur- pose the over-zealous man becomes a danger. He urges the adoption of an impossible program and as a conse- quence the movement fails. Fortunately there is a common rem- edy for both of these troubles. It is information and more information. With detailed knowledge about an‘ in- dustry, or a business, or a method, men are sure to be- more sensible to any movement that purports to aid that industry, business or method. And such knowledge, too, prevents men from becoming dangerous extremists. It would, therefore, follow that the wise plan for new cooperative associa- tions, and old ones as well, is to give much attention to the distribution of facts. Definite knowledge of the asso—‘ ciation, its members, their work and interests, and the conditions surround- ing those interests, will do more to ward dispelling indifference and curb- ing the extremist than twice the effort spent in any other direction. A committee consisting of the most intelligent and persistent workers of the organization, should be selected at the first sessions for the purpose of gathering facts upon which the work of the association may be erected. Then proper publicity will awaken the stay-at-homes and the way will become clear for the accomplishment of perma‘ nent good. Some of the cattlemen in Mackenzie ‘ county, North Dakota, have been pnr- ’ chasing cottonseed " cake for winter! stock feeding, it is stated. Should the industry prove large enough to furnish Melent feed for their cattle, farmers will. make ~ silage of. their beet tops. Cattle arm. in.“ district is so. .active.‘ Extra fanchonathans quoted This stock is jobbing. 4 \ r _ J/Less Coa l- , 1/2MoreHeat / Are you, like the rest of “folks”— es .UustThat , d t u. If You Install dfliflifii‘t‘hfim ‘° °“ 6 W Well! here is an excellent starter. By installing the Caloric Pipeless Furnace you "MN 'm can lessen your annual fuel bill by a third or more and have a much warmer home than ever before. We have hundreds of letters from fleOriginal Patented enthusiastic users in all sections of the P I? 81855 Fur 118.08“ country that prove what we say beyond any question. Here is a sample letter: "I always heated with hard coal at $45 and 315 fox-cooking and laggggggaeg $80. ‘ ed one of your No.43 Caloric Patented Pi i333: fingégbfélrgdfiflnd bath (or $32.00. including cooking and sundry. \gle lied a few days during the winter that were 18 to 20 degrees below and I had no tron e eep- lug seventy degrees upstairs and downstairs." Why Not Have This Wonderful Furnace Yourself? ' ' he furnace that beats through one register. It does away entiitlelllslrs with long heat pipes and sends its flood of warmth and comfort directly up to circulate Without hindrance throughout the whole house. The farthest room feels its influ- ence as much as the one in which the register is located. and a cool spot isn’t to be found anywhere except in the cellar. - This is the most natural and healthful way of heat. ing, and because the method is direct. it requires less coal, cake or wood—hence the great fuel savmg V advantages of the Caloric Furnace. The Caloric may be installed in any home. new or old. Let the Caloric dealer in your town tell you the whole interesting story. Also, let us .send you our remarkable guarantee, startling in its direct assurance of your satisfaction. The Monitor Stove & Range Co., 2036 Gert Street, ' -:- Cincinnati, Ohio "98 Years of Service" I r 1 "itilfii'it 1‘ .3 ‘ A TITAN tractor is a safe machine to buy. The present models have been at work steadily on average American farms for more than two years. Their standing is established. Ninetysix per cent of Titan owners say they are perfectly satisfied with the amount and quality of work the machines do, and With their fuel economy. Every Titan tractor o ates successfully on kerosene. You can always get a plea iful supply of kerosene or dis- tillate, at a reasonable price; , . There are two sizes—~IO-ZO and 15-30 H. P. The 10-20 3123 is the one-recommended for average farms. It is athree- plow outfit with two plowing speeds, 1.85 and 2.50 miles per hour, turning from 7 to 10 acres a. day. You can use it for all kinds of belt work up to 20H. P. and for hauling. v: Both Sizes give the same steady, reliable service. Both ‘ operatesuccessfnlly on kerosene. They reduce labor costs. By gettmg_the work done in the right way and at the right time, they increase yields. A Titan tractor is a. safe, profitable machine to buy. To haven Tmfiractor delivered in time for the harvest and the fall plowmg, your order should be placed soon. Write us for catalogues. . , International Harvester Emmy of America I" CHICAGO W ‘ o s. A ' . Champion Busing “9%ch Mdvm' lire t .o‘ waves! as :mmnw ram . When Writing to more?“ please state; that - 1 , éin:linmmiumiiilmimmmumnuimiimmmmmimmmn ‘/. Markets. GRAINS AND SEEDS November 6, 1917. WHEAT.—-No changes of importance have occurred in the wheat. trade. Some improvement has been made in deliveries from farms, and at present the mills are able to run steadily so far as winter wheat is concerned. Spring wheat being harvested so much later will not be upon the market in quantities until a few weeks to come._ The demand for flour is active, as the manufacturers of baked goods are anx- ious to secure ample supplies so that in the event of a shortage later on they will be able to meet the demands of their customers. A year ago No. 2 red wheat sold on the local market at $1.831/2 per bushel. Present prices are: Cash No. 2 red $2.17; No. 2 mixed at $2.15; No. 2 white $2.15. CORN.—The official announcement by the Food Administration that.$15.50 will be fixed as the minimum price for hogs served as a bullish factor in the corn market, inasmuch as hogs at that price can be fed corn costing as much as $1.29 per bushel, which is conSider- ably above the December price for the new crop. As a result of this, many farmers will retain much corn upon their farms that otherwise would have gone to the market. There is too little cash corn to care for current needs. The new crop is being marketed in the southwestern states. A year ago No. 3 corn was quoted at $1.08 per bushel in Detroit. Last week’s Detroit quota- tions were: ’ No. 3 No. 3 Mixed Yellow. Wednesday ........ 2.19 2.20 Thursday .......... 2.19 2.20 Friday ............. 2.19 2.20 Saturday ........... 2.19 2.20 Monday ............ 2 19 2.20 Chicago—December corn $11714 per bushel; May $11214. OATS—Market firm. Oats are want- ed in this country and abroad and the offerings at local elevators and primary markets have not been of the usual volume for this season. A year ago standard oats were quoted at 55c.per bushel. Last week’s Detroit quotations were . No. 3 Stapgéilr/d. White. Wednesday .......... . . 2 Thursday .............. 62 1/2 62 Friday ................ 62 1,6 62 Saturday .............. 62 1%; 62 Monday ............... 62 3A, 62 1A, Chicago—December oats 58%0 per bushel; May 597/80. _ RYE.—-—Quotations lower With the de- mand easy. Cash No. 2 rye $1.76 per bushel. BEANS.—-Prices have gradually worked lower to accommodate local quotations with the price set by the government on bean supplies for army purpoises. The farmers are not selling their surplus, believing that present prices are too low and that they will 'be placed on a more equitable baSis when federal agents have had opportu- nity to examine into the conditions of production. The Detroit quotations for immediate and prompt shipment is $8. At Greenville elevators are offering $7.75. At Chicago a very small trade exists, with Michigan hand-picked pea beans quoted at $8.75@9; red kidneys 8.50 8.60. . $ SEgDS.—-—Firm and higher. Prime red clover, cash and March at $15.50; alsike $13.50; tomothy $3.75. - FLOUR AND FEEDS F LOUR.——Jobbing lots in one—eighth paper sacks are selling on the Detr01t market per 196 lbs., as follows: Best patent‘$11.50; seconds $11.40; straight $11.10; spring patent $12.10; rye flour $11.20 per bbl. . FEED.—In 100-lb. sacks jobbing lots are: Bran $36; standard middlings $39; fine middlings $42; cracked corn $84; coar corn meal $77; corn and oat chop $ 0 per ton. ' 7 HAY.-——In carlots at DetrOit: . No. 1 timothy $22.50@23; standard timothy $21.50@’23; N0. 2 timothy $20.50@21; light mixed $21.50@22; No. 1 clover $16.50@17. Pittsburg.-—~No. 1 timothy $27.50@28 per ton; No. 2 timothy $25.50 _,26.50; No. 1 light mixed$26@27; No. clover mixed $26@27; No. 1 clover $26.50@27. ‘STRAW.——-In carlot on the track at Detroit: Rye straw 9.50@10; wheat and oat straw $8.50@9. - DAIRY PRODUCTS ’ BUTTE R.-—Butter is in good demand ' ’ and consumption is t 'ng receiptsand' preventingiacelhuula ion. Fresh ‘creain- . e. is... 4mm... 1PM he as extras $42 4 1793c. . ' -» Elgin.—— . e butter board here has been discontinued upon .the request of the U. S. Food Administration. Those concerns and parties who have hereto- fore used Elgin prices will likely base their transactions upon Chicago prices. Chicago—Fancy creamery butter is firm, other grades rule easy, and trade is generally slow. Creamery extras are quoted at 43c; extra firsts 42(0) 421760; packing stock 34@34,1/.;c. POULTRY PRODUCTS POULTRY.—(Live).~——Poultry quiet and in sufficient supply, Best spring chickens 20@210; hens 16@21c; ducks _24@25c; geese 20@210; turkeys 27@ £280. Dressed poultry 1@20 higher than we. Chicago—Trade generally is good, all kinds selling well, except poor thin fowls. Fowls sell at $141,§@15c; spg. chickens 160; ducks $16@17; geese 18c; turkeys, good 200. EGGS—Fresh eggs are firm and go into censumption as soon as they ar- rive. Fresh firsts were. quoted at 40(5) 44c per dozen. Chicago—Market higher and strictly new-laid are in good demand. Fresh Michigan firsts sell for 38%@391/zc; ordinary firsts 361/2 01237-0; miscellan- eous lots, cases inclu ed 36%@39c. F RUNS—VEGETABLES POTATOES.——Markets.——There were 65 cars of potatoes on the Detroit mar- ket on Monday morning. Round whites sacked sold at $1.36@1.44 per bushel. Some bulk in poor condition at $1.28 per bushel. Cleveland buyers are tak- ing Michigan round white potatoes at $1.65@1.75 per bushel, sacked. Phila- delphia is paying $1.40@1.50 for round whites in bulk. The same variety, sacked, is bringing $1.65@1.70 in Buf- falo; $1.45@1.50 per bushel bulk in Cincinnati. The New York market is gaining strength and is paying for the Michigan round whites $3.50@3.75 per 11-peck sacks. The market is fair in Chicago, with Michigan selling at $1.85 @2 per cwt. in bulk. Shipping Point Information—On Sat- urday farmers received $1.35@1.40 at country loading points in New York state; $1.65@1.75 per cwt. in Wiscon- sin; $1.15@1.20 f. o. b. cars in Minne- sota; $3.25 per 11-peck sack in bulk at side track in Maine, and $1.85(/1‘31.90 per cwt. in Colorado. ONIONS—At Detroit yellow globes sold Monday at $3.50@3.75 in 100-lb. sacks. The Cleveland market is pay- ing $3.75, the Buffalo market $3.25@ 3.50, the New York market $3.25@3.75, Pittsburgh $3@3.25, Chicago in 70-lb. sacks at $1.75@2. _ APPLES—There were 56 cars on Detroit tracks Monday morning. De- mand and movement good and market firm. Baldwins sold at $5@5.25; Jona- thans $6.25 for firsts; York Imperials $5.25. The Cleveland market is steady and the Chicago market firm. In Cin- cinnati the movement is somewhat slow, but prices are being maintained. Pittsburgh trade is steady and in New Yorw prices are from steady to higher. There Baldwins are quoted at $4@5. Ben Davis $3.25@3.75; Winesap $6@7; McIntosh $6@7. GRAPES—There was a good de- mand and movement at Detroit Man- day with prices firm. Michigan Con- cords in 4-qt. baskets selling at 210; do. labeled, 22c. In New York City Climax 8-lb. baskets are quoted at 20c; Jumbo 20-lb. baskets at 660. At Cleve- land Concords in Jumbo baskets $60 per ton. At Cincinnati the same are selling at $65 per ton or in 4-qt. bas- kests unlabeled 20@201/2c, labeled 21c. At Chicago do. unlabeled 16@20c; la- beled 21@22c. DETROIT CITY MARKET There was a good market Tuesday morning with prices steady to higher. Potatoes were generally selling at $1.50 per bushel; cabbage $1@1.40; parsnips $1.50; onions $2 225; apples $1 [2.75; cauliflower $1.7 ; turnips 95c @ ; carrots 65c; pork 23c per lb; eggs 65@70c per dozen. Hay is coming in slowly with the demand somewhat im- proved. ~~ GRAND RAPIDS Shipments of potatoes from Michi- gan ,up to November.2 had reached 1,932 cars, with larger shipments going to Detroit, Pittsburg, Toledo, Cleveland and Buffalo, according to reports re- ceived by the United States Bureau of Markets, Grand Rapids. Shortage of .cars is acute and affects, prices. The general range of prices to growers at country loading points in diflerent sec- tions for Roundwmtes, hulk, per’JOil ~ fellows» Pet skey ”$1.594- , H311. .g;g eeii’fiit‘g-‘fi 6;” mostly $1.75; .‘Greenville 1.65 to ,- , ‘ Grand Rapids $1.65; Burr- Oak $1.75; h‘i , he . ‘ rat‘s "to $165 in Movement of potatoes very light dllr- ing past week on account of the ‘bad weather. Reports to the bureau on beans are ‘that recent rains and frosts have caused heavy damage to the crop, with only 15 per cent of the crop un- der cover. Growers are, being offered $8.50@8.75 per bu., hand-picked basis. LIVE STOCK BUFFALO. . , November 5, 1917. Receipts here today as follows: Cat- tle 5600 head; hogs 9600; sheep 7000; calves 900. With 5600 head of cattle here today the trade was slow on shipping cattle, but a good demand for the cows, es- pecially the cutters and canners which sold 10@25c higher, except the com- mon kinds which were very slow. Good stockers were scarce and sold strong. There was a good demand from the outside for bulls and all grades sold steady. Look for a fair run of cattle next‘Monday and about a steady trade. We had a very light run of hogs to- day owing to a number of trains being late, and it looks like half of the re- ceipts would arrive too late for Mon- day’s market. The opening trade was rather slow with sales generally 10@ 15c lower, bulk selling around $17.50@ 17.60, with a few selected up to $17.75; pigs and lights $6916.25; roughs at $15.50@16; stags $1 .50@14. Our late trade was extremely dull and bids af— ter the early session were strong quar- ter lower than opening, with prospects very unfavorable for the next few days. With a moderate run of lambs today our market opened up slow and prices steady with the close of last week. About three loads unsold and we look for steady to possibly shade higher prices last of the week. Lambs $16.35@16.50; cull to common $12@16; yearlings $12.50@14; wethers $11.50@11.75; ewes $11@11.25; bucks $7@9; best calves $14.75@15; common and light $11@14; heavy $10@13; grassers $66127. CHICAGO. “' November 5, 1917. Cattle-Hogs. Sheep. Receipts today..37,000 39,000 25,000 Same day 1916..19,876 43,026 35,964 Last Week ...... 88,802 105,973 85,227 Same wk 1916.. .~68,661 238,264 110,993 This week opens with another liberal cattle supply, and while fat lots are bringing steady prices, others average at least 10@15c or more lower. Hogs are about 150 lower, with the best sell- ing at $17.35. Hogs marketed last week averaged 207 lbs. Lambs are 250 or more lower, fat killers selling at $16.25@16.50. Cattle have been in sprgrisingly good general demand recently, and the liberal supplies have sold much better than might have been expected. On Monday last week there was a. run of nearly 37,000 cattle, including only about 4,000 northern rangers, yet the average decline in prices for the day was only 10@15c, with no weakening in fat beeves. On Wednesday, with re- ceipts aggregating 21,658 head of cat- tle. prices were 10@250 higher on an average, range cattle included, but a lower market was experienced later in the week. The receipts continue to be very unevenly divided, with too large offerings on some days and small ones on others, but this has been the rule for many years. The great bulk of the native steers received found buyers at. a range of $8.50@13.50, with a very fair representation of fat cattle selling on Wednesday at $14@17, while a sale was made of 34 head of fancy 1373-lb. steers at $17.50. Steers of a Choice grade brought $16 and upward, with sales of a class grading as good at $14 and over, while medium grade steers brought $12 and over. Ordinary steers of light weight sold at $9 and over, and there were scattering .small sales of little steers on the canningorder down to $6.50@7.50, a few lots selling early in the week down to $5.75@6.25. Year- lings that‘were graded as prettygood to prime were quotable at $14@17.15. with the choicor offerings pretty much nominal in the absence of receipts. Yearlings sold down to $10@12 for the cheaper kinds, while butcher stock had a good'outlet at advanced prices, cows going for $6.70.@11.50, the- top price being paid 10 prime cows which tipé ped the seal '8 at 1237 lbs. Heifers brought'$5.75 13, cutters $6@6.65, can- ners $5.25 .95 and bulls “@1025: Calves sol at the best, time, of the, week'at $4.75@15,‘ while the northern range cattle had a good sale at $5.40@ 7. . 14.50. Stockers and feeders are ex- edit ‘ r? Stackrnen were much. surprised (by the? upward whirl. of , values, the rise singl'eiday. In the absence of enough good hogs to go around, killers took hold of the other kinds more frely, and the range of prices was the narrowest seen in several weeks, there being'a particularly good deman for the light weight butcher hogs. ' ogs recently marketed averaged in wei ht only 208,- lbs. comparing with 212 bs'. a week earlier and with 238 lbs. in the middle of September. The average weight a year ago was 208 lbs., 194 lbs. two years ago and 228 lbs. three years ago. Things look highly promising for own- ers of hogs, the federal food adminis- tration bureau having announced that it has no intention to which farmers shall sell their live stock? Provisions have had a big boom in prices, pork for January delivery movmg up in a singleday from $41.20 a barrel to $42.70 on the publication of the official report which showed that on the first day of November Chicago warehouses held only 62,362,592 lbs. of . provisions, -comparing with 93,305,932 lbs. a month earlier and 81,503,145 lbs. a year ago. After prime hogs sold up to $17.70 the market weakened, with sales on Saturday at $16.20@17.55, the top a week earlier having been $16.65. Pigs closed at $11@16. Lambs, yearlings and sheep contin- ued in large demand for still another week, with a. particularly good call for range feeding lambs, as well as good buying of live muttons. It was the ,prevailing opinion that it was good business policy to buy four to five-year- old breeding ewes at $11.50@13 per 100 lbs., ,these being of the kind that will raise lambs such as have been selling recently at top quotations. Some coun- try buyers were picking up “come back” lambs which had been out for a short feed, with the view of carrying them for the February and March mar- kets. Receipts of lambs and sheep last week were much smaller than a week earlier or a year ago, and sheep and yearlings of the better class advanced in prices moderately, but killing lambs sold a little lower, while feeding lambs had a fall of 50@75-c, and breeding ewesdeclined even more. The aver- age quality of the killing and feeding lambs was much poorer than hereto- fore. Prices closed as follows: Lambs $12.50@16.85;r feeding lambs $14@ 16.50; yearlings $11.75@14.50; wethers ' $11@13; ewes $6@11.25; breeding ewes $11.50@‘15.50; bucks $7@9. Horses were marketed last week more liberally than of late, but much less so than at corresponding dates in recent years. With an improved gen— eral demand from- local buyers and shippers, prices were maintained, the best call centering in horses for the American and British armies. Little chunks were wanted forsouthern ship~ merit, and horses were in demand for the lumber camps, this demand center- ing in heavy drafters.- Horses were quotable at $60@140 for poor to good farm chunks, $185@265 for drafters and $150@225 for loggers. Auction Sale NOV 22, I917. ' Decided to quit farming, will sell at auction, my pure bred black Per- cheronStallions and mares. They are all right and sound in every respect, and mares in anI. I live 1% miles north and 1% miles east of Mull- iken Michigan on the _P. M. R. R. CORTLAND SMITH, MULLIKEN, MICHIGAN. RELIABLE TYPEWHITEBS _, N ., 'f Last chance” tetnow and rebuilts N: f ”f It wholesa‘le‘gices. Ougpegals, style pwood a! $1 Oliver 825. Also Roms..8miyth. ' Corona. 015. up manned. ’ Only factory in Michigan. Cosh with or— d . ? tri l. C ‘ weggromgdgfreg. {1. SWVelfiIwgfy 112 Fisher Bldg. . Detroit. Mich, O 9155 ' a”. tremely active at $6.50@12. to in- g, the week native steers sold, largely 25c? .- glier than 9;, vgeekéiigoé's 133:5 geows ers cose .ars‘yg‘ slackers ”use; an M53! ._ :3...me Ii , “4 W ers‘allidvresulting. ‘rrarzhi'g er-‘prices‘. ” amounting-to asmuch as 25@50c in a _ L 2 prices at ' . sufw" . MP,“ ‘1 have not" I _ ham»,. 1 1, Receipts 55.6.2.._'Markct 25cm, ' .,i‘t-h&n_ ‘ edition issent to those 'who 1' .‘a desire for the latest markets. Th’c‘late market edi- tion will be sent on . request at any time. burner-r uva STOCK MARKET. The first Thursday's Market. November 1, 1917. Cattle. _ ' * Receipts 2539. Canners 25c, higher; all others strong at last Week’s prices. Best heavy steers $10@10.50; best handy weight butcher, steers. $9@9.25; mixed steers and heifers $7@8; handy light butchers, $6.50@-7; light butchers $5.75@6.25; best cow's $7.50@8; butch- er cows “@650; common cows $5.80 @6; canners $4.75@5.75; best heavy bulls $7@7.50; bologna bulls $6607; stock bulls $5.50@6; feeders $7-.56@ 8.25; stockers $:.2550@7.50; milkers and s r‘ ers 50 . pBlissxllioD, %. ’ H. sold Parker, W. & Co. 63 canners av 863 at $5.50, 10 do av 950 at $5.50, 23 butcher’s av 647 at $6.50, 3 do av 740 at $5.50, 19 do av 684 at $6.35, 4 do av 625 at $625.14 do av 800 at $7.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 4 do av 712 at $6.25; to Mich. B. Co. 26 steers av 700 at $6.75, 26 do av 722 at $6.75, 4 canners av 890 at $5.50, 1 do wgh 1200. at $5.50, 5 butchers av 830 at $6.75, 7 do av 1030 at $6.25; to Garber 38 do av 530 at $6.25; to Converse & B., 2 oxen av 1580 at $8.50, 14 steers av 838 at $7.50; to Goodgold 22 do av 717 at $6.60; to Ratner 8 do av 790 at $7; to Parker, W. 8:00. 6 do av 950 at $7.50, 5 do av 680 at $6.50, 4 do av 750 at $7.50, 5 do av 900 at $7.50, 6 canners av 541 at $5.75, 3 heifers av 583 at $6.25, 2 do av 720 at $6.50; to Hirsch- leman 22 steers av 800 at $7; to Mich. B. Co. 4 do av 1007 at $8, 14 do av 620 at $6, 3 do av 973 at $8.15, 2 do av 760 at $7.50; to Hammond, S. & Co. 6 can~ ners av 943 at $5.50, 4 do av 975 at $5.50; to Heyman 5 butchers av 640 at $6, 1 cow wgh 1080 at $6.25, 3 heifers av 733 at $6.50; to Sullivan P. Co. 4 steers av 887 at $8.15, 2 do av 1250 at $7.15; to Funkburney 6 do av 721 at $7.50; to Mason B. Co. 2 steers av 1020 at $8, 2 do av 910 at $7.50. McMullen, K. & J. sold Kamman B. Co. 19 steers av 856 at $8.25; to Ap- plebaum 12 do av 586 at $6.25; to Con- verse & B. 4 cows av 950 at $5.35, 6 do av 1041 at $6.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 1 canner wgh 1020 at $5.25; to White 2' do av 965 at $5.75, 5 do av 680 at $5.25, 2 do av 825. at $5, 7 do av 921 at $5.25; to SulliVan P. Co. 18 butchers av 800 at $675; to Golden 7 do av 736 at $6.75; to Sullivan P. Co. 3 heifers av 390 at $7, 4 do av 722 at $6.50, 16 butchers av 872 at $7,15; to Golden 4 do av 750 at $7; to Ratner 6 do av 543 at $6; to Domback 7 do av 444 at $5.75; to Streville 7 stockers av 636 at $7.50; to Bray 1 canner wgh 700 at $5.40, 9 do av 740 at $5.60, 1 do wgh 730 at $5.50; to Heyman 3 heifers av 612 at $6.10; to Brown 16 butchers av 652 at $6.75, 22 do av '62? at $7, 6 do av 600 at $6.50; to Goose 53de av 550 at $6, 5 do av 778 at $6.90, 20 do av 535 at $6; to Hirschleman 8 steers av 831 at $8.10; to Rattkowsky 6 do av 683 at $6.75; to Rice 14 feeders av 807 at $8.25; to Finkbeiner 26 butchers av 600 at $7.25; to Goose '6 do av 640 at $7. Veal Calves. Receipts 869. Market dull to 50c lower; heavy and common hard to sell. Best $14; others $7@12. Sandal, S., B. & G. sold Thompson 3 av 170 at $12, 1 wgh 130 at $14, 2 av 130 at $12, 4 av 175 at $14.50, 2 av 235 at $8, 3 av 130 at $14, 5 av 115 at $10, 3 av 175 at $14.50, 2 av 145 at $13; to Youngs 20 av 300 at $7.50; to Rattkow- sky 3 av 150 at $14. 2 av 110. at $10; to Nagle P. Co. 17 av 150 at $14; to Mich. B. Co. 2 av 150 at $14, 10 av 169 at $14. Erwin, S. & J. sold Sullivan P. Go. 8 av 145 at $113.50; to Rattkowsky 2 av . 160 at $14; .120 Mich. B. CO. 20 av 150 at $14; to Nagle P. Co. 2 av 225 at $9, 2 av 140' at $14; to Thompson 25 av 150 at $14, 2 av 125 at $10; to Good- gold 20 av 135 at $13.50; to Burnstine 4 av 155 at $14. Sheep and Lambs. Receipts 4354. Market steady. Best lambs $16@16.25; fair lambs $15@ 15.50; light to common lambs $13.50@ 14.50; fair to good sheep $10@11; culls and common $6.50@8. , Sandel, S., B. & G. sold Nagle P. Co. 5 sheep av 110 at $10, 5 do av 115 at $7.50, 45 lambs av 70 at $15.75, 13 do av 75 at $15.25; to Thompson 8 do av 75 at $15; to Parker, W. 8:. Co. 47 do av 80 at $16, 35 do av 83 at $16; to‘ Nagle P. Co. 5 sheep a'v 110,.at $9, 12 do av 105 at $8.50, 8 do av 90 at $8.50, 9 do av 108 at $8.25,. 33 lambs av, 55st- $14.50,,178 do av 73 at $15.54? , ‘to "Thofnpson_48' do av 6%at $16.10; to mmewmwo , at $15.59, 13 sheep av 105 at $9. #7.” mixed ' ._ . ‘9- In 05‘?! s Alng from excessive service. which is 5,. alwayfrinym‘ious‘ to a , young *bull; tcriniary. CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR. V. S. Swollen Neck.——-I have a 'cow that freshened the first of March, with swol- len neck and brisket; besides, her ap- petite is not good and bowels are cos- tive. T. W., Pontiac, Mich—Give her 1 lb. of epsom salt in three pints of tepid water as a drench, one dose only. Also give her 1 oz. of tincture gentian 1 oz; tincture cinchona in a pint or two of water as a drench or in feed or drinking water three times a day. The food supply should be of' a loosening character. - Bursal Swelling—I have a colt fif- teen months old that has a windplfl on hock joint and would like to know how to remove this bunch. A. 3., Hill- man, Mich—Clip off hair and apply equal parts of tincture iodine and spir- its of camphor to bunch three times a week, or else apply one part powdered cantharldes and eight parts fresh lard every ten days. Ravenous Eaten—1 have a seven- year-old gelding who, for the past six months, has appeared hungry. I feed him two and a half to three quarts of oats three times a day and plenty of clover, timothy and June grass bay. 1 have always thought he was fed plenty of feed as the other horses on same amount are in good condition. He is poor and is always calling for food. H. R., Bedford, Mich—Perhaps his grind- er teeth require floating and if you do this.work yourself file of! outside cut- ting edges of upper grinder teeth and inside of lower molars. Kindly under- stand that it is a mistake to file away too much of the tooth and narrow grinding surface. Mix together one part of powdered sulphate iron, one part ground nux vomica, one part of ground fenugreek, one part salt and ion raprts ground gentian and give him a tablespoonful at a dose in feed three times a day. Feed one part corn, one part wheat bran and three parts oats, and you should satisfy his appetite. Perhaps he is a horse that requires plenty of food to keep him in a fleshy condition. Mechanical Pneumonia—I had a young cow three years old which went to pasture in the morning apparently in good health, in the evening she was sick. i gave her one pound of epsom salts which did not open bowels, then I gave her half a. pound more, and sometime later I gave her a quart of raw linseed oil which caused her to cough. But I thought nothing of it. The cow did not seem to suffer much or grow much worse, but she refused to eat or drink. I called our local Vet. who gave her a dose of medicine and anemas. But the cow died four hours later. The Vet. told me if she died, it was on account of the oil oing down windpipe into lungs, but I 5m inclined to believe that he was mistaken. Af— ter death I opened her but found little trace of disease in any of her vital or- gans. What do you believe caused her death? H. L., Applegate, Mich—Your cow died either as the result of me- chanical pneumonia or impaction of the stomach or bowels. Had you open- ed up windpipe, bronchi and'lungs, you would have been able to tell whether the oil killed her or not. Sore Eyelid—«I have a flve-year-old cow which has a very bad sore on her upper eyelid. Whatever .this sore‘is, it ‘is gradually growing worse. I have dried her and our local Vet. says that the sore on .the eyelid will not in any way affect the carcass for food. What is your opinion and what shall I apply while fattening her? E. E. K., Farwell, Mich—«Apply boric acid once or twice a day and occasionally paint sore with tincture iodine, but do not allow any 01’ it to drip into eye. I know of no reason why her flesh will not be fit for food, as her ailment is doubtless local and not constitutional. Thin Healthy Horse—Weak Bull—- Have a five-year—old horse that has good courage, seems to be in perfect health, but fails to lay on besh. He is fed twelve quarts of cats daily and has roughage of timothy hay. I also have a bull sixteen months old .that runs with my cows, but is awfully slow in serving a cow. e does not show any symptoms of sickness and feeds well. B. (3., Lakeview, Mich.——-It is the na- ture of certain horses to not lay on much flesh and doubtless your horse is one of that kind. Feed some corn, oil meal and well cured clover or alfalfa. A Well horse should not be given any drugs- Stable your young bull“ but let him have some exercise, increase his grain “ration and allow him to serve cow only once. Doubtless he is suffer- ... ,,,,,, My, , ,‘ .. Q , L.” - Munition steadily drained farm labor from the fields This wonderful little machine will a day. That is more than you can prettiest job of plowing you ever saw. Figure up the saving—not only in where you need it. almost any soil at any time. re of motor trucks. turn in a I2-fool circle—less than it takes to We are so crowded with orders that we of new orders below Jmuary lat. you order now for delivery early in l9l8. , =l . //////I’////////4//2//////// cum mun till. llffiwmflfii. Prepare Now for Bigger Crops Next Spring Forget the old routine. Adopt improved methods. That's the only Way to solve your labor problems and boost production in l9l8. plants and factories in general are working at top speed. They lave . Now the draft has taken many more men. You must cut down on labor requirements. Cleveland Tractor, the country over, is helping wide-awake farmers to do. much less cos! than you can possibly do it with horses and men. Hauling two l4-incb bottoms, it plows 3% miles an hour—8 to ID acres 3 farm hands. And at this high speed the Cleveland Tractor turns over the in addition, the Cleveland enables you to plow when you need it and Because. it crawls on its own tracks, it 'can go over That is something you can't do with horses and men. Think of the extra yield that means. Moreover, the Cleveland does not pack your seedbed. It is light —-— only 2750 pounds—and has 600 square inches of continuous traction surface. No other tractor built exerts so small a pressure. The Cleveland 'vcs on 20 . . -— bailed. dependable power waldo yoynr haulillg in: JEEOEEgCZnESe 30:1.“ at the b“ econ Rollin H. White builds the Cleveland Tractor with all the scrupulous care he put into the He uses only the best materials—only the finest motor truck parts and gears. He has protected all gear: with dirtprool, dustprool casings. Heh"“’d¢3kl‘¢dtbcClcvelnnd"l"|' trthtitl 1}, . light mm of the WM and the mow! as); theam: ecrs by c Ponder of '8 cngme. Just a . Thole are real advantages—too big and too important to be overlooked. Th 0th pus! as big. . Combined, they make the Cleveland the biggest labor-saving, m m 8‘3 money-ma.qu implement Introduced into modem farming. Prepare now for bigger. better crops next spring. Decide now to m k lb. Cleveland earn money {or you, a it is doing for hundreds of others; a 6 cannot promise delivery 50 it is necessary that Write to us today for full particulars and name .~" - ~ or the nearest Cleveland dealer. Use the ,3" Elifitfé‘él'é‘fclfillénimi‘if’“ coupon or address Dept. AD. ..~"~ - .,~ \ CLEVELAND TRACTOR .3" Nu... COMPANY _ .s‘ City Cleveland, Ohio, U. s. A. s" , ’3’ County State. E‘ . (-7.477 That is exactly what the do your work better, faster, and at do with three good 3-borse team and labor—but in lime and good, hard cash. Anyone can drive it. turn a team. it will madly time-saving, ...: 0.... AD Clovehml, on. ~" s 5“. ‘ § A. Ship To The Old Reliable "()qu Daniel McCaffrey’i Sons. a PM 3}! Po. EA— 623-625 womb Bug POTATOES--APPLES-- ONIONS WANTED CHAS. W. RUDD & SON, Detroit, Mich. I We are minor d premiums for now- EGGS laid Eggsmlther bites or Browns. Write I usfor articulars. AMERICAN BUTTER ___. (QUE ESE COMPANY. Detroit, Mich. HORSES Eleven (11) Head of Registered Percherons For Sale. Stallions, brood mares, colts and fillies. A. fine lot, big boned, clean limbcd, strait gaited, drafty show-horse type. will sell cheap for cash or will give time to reliable parties Dr. C.L. Barber, Lansing, Mich. REGISTERED PERCHERQN ( 1mw~snmm LOESER BROS. Belgian and Percheron Stallions for sale that ‘ “'1“ pass the Mll‘higall Stallion inspection. Have a few mares of both breeds. Shorthorn Cat. tle._ we otlcr a choice lot of bulls and females. EidONIER lNDlANA. PERGHEBON DISPERSAL The entire herd of the late A. A. Palmer will be closed out; 25 pure bred per- cheron mares 3200 to 8400 except two; also young stallions PALMER BROS, Balding Mich. ' Have' Rented (mafia!!!) will close out-z Por- and mum. E. J . A$fi¥3§T§§i§ifiifi figbm SHETLAND PONIES 200head to select from. Special rice on col ‘ud “September“ Write Dept? E. 18'!” Sl?lt)‘¥fl‘ifi Forum. North Benton, ‘Ohio. . . , . mtwnmfi I i I i i produce a profitabl . v, ,.- » BREEDING REGISTERED-busy“ CATTLE. (Continued from first page). ‘ north and south. This provides sun- shine and light, both mornings and at- ternoons. If it is possible, a southern slope which will permit the sunshine to fall on the barn and yards is prefer- able. Concrete floors are sanitary. Cork bricks make good standing platforms and are far more sanitary than wood. The selection of the tie-ups, mangers and stalls is largely a matter of indi- vidual choice. Iron and steel is more sanitary than wood, besides it gives the light an opportunity to penetrate to the center of the stable. / The silo has won the rightful esteem of successful breeders of dairy cattle. It furnishes exactly what is needed to maintain the dairy cow’s system in perfect normal condition in winter. Succulent feed is craved by every ani- mal at all seasons of the year. Tender and nutritious pasture grasses make a ration perfectly suited to dairy animals and hard to imitate. The longer the pasture season the more the cattle thrive. The dreaded gap between fall and spring pasturing or during periods of severe drouth is spanned by the silo. It is always better to have two silos; one for winter and one for summer. In building a silo it is important that it be in a (convenient place for feeding and made of substantial material. If the owner of the farm has plenty of money and wishes to build a silo that will last for a lifetime, concrete or hol- low tile are the best materials, but for the average breeder or farmer the stave silo is well suited. It costs less to build and will give good results for a number of years. For a dairy of thirty cows one silo thirty feet and six- teen feet in diameter for winter feed- ing will meet every requirement. On many dairy farms the silo has nearly doubled the stock-carrying capacity of the farm and reduced the feed bills for purchased grains one-third. Convenient and efficient systems of watering the cattle, either in the sta- bles or yards save much unpleasant la- bor and help to keep the cows up to maximum production. Individual wa- tering basins by the side of each cow are a good thing, but they should not be used as an excuse for keeping the cows inside all the time, as they need daily exercise in the yard. It is better to water the cows in the barn in the winter and turn them out for daily ex- ercise. When a cow is kept in a warm barn for twentv four hours and then turned into the) ard to drink from the \vateiing trough, her system requiiing a good deal of water, she is apt to drink so much cold water that it will (ause a chill that will prove injurious in its effects. XVith green forage in the pastures in summer time and roots and silage in winter, the consumtion of water is rel- atively small as compared with a diet of dry feed. It is somewhat anamalous that city boards of health take a deep interest in the water supply for human consumption, and breweries and distil- leries have the water used as nearly chemically pure as it is possible to ob- tain it, and practically no attention is paid to the character of the water con- sumption of dairy cows. It is too often the case that cows are confined in yards or pastures with access to no water except such as stands in stag- nant pools and perhaps covered with green slime and which intense thirst compels the cows to drink. Such wa- ter cannot help but be productive of, injurious bacteria. Too often thewell from which the cows are suppliedin winter time is located at the lowest portion of the yard and being perhaps for Weeks at a time of a'dark coffee color, and yet the cows are forced to drink this water and are expected to :flow of milk and anti a: cattle until he has provided for an ode3 quate supply of pure, fresh water in his barns and yards. If the water in, the pasture cannot be procured from a run- ning stream or good spring it should be procured from a well kept clean at all times and not subject to surface drainage, and water for winter use should be kept free from foreign mat- ter and taints of all sorts. The man courts failure who attempts, breeding pure—bred cattle and growing their supply of feed on a poorly drain- ed farm. He only multiplies his trou- bles by undertaking. to enrich low, wet land before he provides adequate drainage, for the more manure and hu- mus- -forming materials he adds to it the greater its capacity for holding moisture. These facts will dawn on him in his efforts to provide a regular food supply for his cattle. Unless the of laterals will be needed ‘to make 1 Safe for all crops. It is always Safer to have the tile 9. little larger than needed, especially if the system is to be extended to adjoining land. Other things being equal, it is best to drain the land near the buildings first, be- cause crops grown near the barns, es- pecially silage and green soiling crops, will prove more profitable than similar crops grown on fields further from the barn. The other land can have atten- tion later when the products of the land nearer the buildings can he used in building it up. MASS'MEETING. OF~THE DAIRY ~ INDUSTRY. President M. A. Munn, of the Amer- can Jersey Cattle Club, presided at a mass meeting that was held in Memor- fgwu: gag... 3 Many Dairymen Are Finding it Economical to Install Labor-Saving Devices. land is drained he is entirely at the mercy of'the elements. If there is any investment that will pay in getting a farm in shape to produce profitable crops of feed and at the same time af- ford satisfactory surroundings for im- proved cattle it surely is tile drainage. It is always at work, and if properly done requires no repairs or extra ex‘ pense to keep it at work. As a preliminary work it is well to walk over the land when it is very wet; if the water stands on it one can better learn where the tile lines should be located. When it is plowed one should note where land is slowest to dry out, and particularly, locate the spots or area 'where the clover plants are lifted the first winter by frost ac- tion.‘ These spots should have first attention in locating the lines of tile, and the tiles should The: Of suficient 1h ial Hall, at the National Dairy Show, Monday morning. He cOmmented on the great importance of the dairy cow as a food producer and maintainer of fertility and quoted a declaration that the American nation would be obliter- ated in three. years if the, dairy indus~ try were to be suddenly “ended. He then ' introduced G. Harold Powell, Manager of the California Fruit Growers’ Asso- ciation, who is now working with the food administrator at. Washington. He represented. Mr. Hoover who wasnot able to come. ’ Mr. Powell discussed some of the general features of the food situation; declaring that a shortage existed in nearly all of the fundamental necessie -. ties. The arealof production for the constantly con- 'tracting, while the allied production ' -' 5 l Teutonic powers 1s , 011511888 and Ca‘nada by .125, 000,000 bushels..The supply of cattle, sheep and h0g3 has also been greatly reduced, and not only during the war, but for years thereaf- ter, the Uni-ted States and other coun- tries outside of Europe will be called . upon to help restore the stocks of all kinds of domestic animals. The in- crease in exports of food stuffs since the war began has been enormous. For instance, for the three years immedi-' ately preceding the war the average exports’of cheese were 4500, 000 lbs; last year they were 66, 000, 000. In' the same three years the average exports of butter- were almost 5, 000, 000 pounds; . last year they were 26, 000 “000 He de- clar‘ed that there must be greater econ- omy in the handling of farm products from the farm to the consumer. In fruits and vegetables, eggs and poultry, the losses run into the millions annu- ally.‘ The food administration is par- ticularly interested in the prevention of waste. He declared that under the present abnormal conditions it would be possible to do more in two years to perfect organizations of producers and to install economical methods, than could possibly be done in twenty- five years of normal times. that the organization of which he is manager moves crqps from farm to consumer for an average cost of two per cent"of the ultimate cost, whereas the general average for farm produce runs from five totwenty per cent. The organization has also cooperated in buying with a resultant saving of hun- dreds. of thousands of dollars each year. He adecated heartily the na- tional advertising campaign that has been undertaken by the National Dairy Council and declared that one'of the : most valuable results of cooperation is the awakening of the members to a degree of public and business consci. by any other force. He made exten- sive comments on the new food law and declared that the act was largely based on the desire to encourage the producer and to prevent the mishand- ling of products after they are in sec-1 ondary hands. For the most efficient enforcement of the act the public must give voluntary support to it in every possible way. FALL AND WINTER NATIONS. Kindly give me some much needed information. Pasture is almost gone, no corn, but plenty of oats, clover and timothy hay, mixed, and silage, but cannot open silo before December 1, or will be short in spring. Can get cot— tonseed meal, brewers’ dried grain, bran, oil meal and commercial feeds at favorable retail plices. What shall I feed to grade Jerseys before I start on silage, and what on winter ration with silage? R. G. In a case such as is here presented, it would be better to begin feeding the silage at once. making it a smaller fac- tor. in the ration throughout the winter than would be done if the silo were not opened Until December 1. This will avoidfa shrinkage in the milk flow which would reSult from putting the cattle on dry feed direct from pasture, and which would be diflicult to regain when succulent feed was again provid- ed upon opening the silo later in the season. With plenty of oats available, a chm- bination of cottonseed meal and ground oats—say,- one- fourth cottonseed meal and three- fourths ground oats—would make. an excellent combination to feed with silage. If it is desired to. limit the cottonseed meal to not; more than two pounds per day, which is desirable, commercial dairy feeds could be added to make up the balance of the .grain , - requirements parts by 200 £00,000 bushels, . . He said . that could not be amused . "" -m::‘w.,- .. FNArlofinL HES-rem» SALE. , tablishing. ._1 Holstein history was made at Colum- " bus, Ohio, October 20-27, in the Nation- al Dairy-men’s Sale, when 134 head were sold for a total of $85,285, which means an average of $026.45, these fig- ures not including $3,000 paid for a bull calf which was donated to the Red Cross. Only four other Holstein sales have ever been held which equalled this average, namely the Dollar Sale, Stevens Brothers’ Sale, the Detroit Sale and the Worcester Sale. In this sale there were no $10,000 to $50,000 animals to help swell the total, the highest price being $7,100 for the 44- pound cow, Pauline De Kol Ophelia, followed by $6,000 for a 35-pound son 'of Rag Apple Korndyke 8th and $4,000 for a 30-pound cow bred to Rag Apple Korndyke 8th. Outside of these three animals, nothing in the sale crossed the $3,000 mark, although altogether thirty-one animals in the sale sold for $1,000 or over. Although the weather was disagreeable both days of the sale, the cattle and sale ring were all in the same building so that little inconven- Ience was experienced. The attend- ance was large and covered almost the entire United States, with representa‘ tives from California and the north- west, Oklahoma and Arizona on the south, New York and New England on the east and Minnesota and Michigan from the north. Pennsylvania buyers proved the most liberal in their pur- chases, one concern taking twenty head at $29,065. Mr. Bell appreciates the importance of starting with the best and that is the kind he is buying as a foundation for the herd he is es- The highest record cow ever offered for sale, Pauline De Kol Ophelia, 44.51 pounds, was taken at $7,100 by F. R. Babcock, of Pittsburg, Pa. When the price of this cow stood at $4,400, John Arfmann and A. W. Green each offered free services to their herd sires, King Segis Pontiac Alcartra and King Champion Rag Ap- ple respectively, F. C. Niemann, of Pine Grove Farms, offered a free ser- vice to the only son of the 50-pound cow, provided she sold for $1,000 or over. She had been bred to Ormsby Jane King, the oldest son of Ormsby Jane Segls Aaggie, which makes a world’s record average for the calf she is carrying 45.42 pounds butter, 858.5 pounds milk in seven days, and the services mentioned referred to the fol- lowing year after dropping the calf she is now carrying. Mr. Pelletier then of- fered $5,000 for her next calf either sex, at Six weeks old, and this stimuv lated the bidding, precipitating a brisk contest between Mr. McAdams and A. W. Green, Green finally .dropping out at $6,100. At this point, George Ab- bott, the owner of the cow, made an offer of $12,000 for a bull calf from her by King Korndyke Sadie Vale or Rag Apple Korndyke 8th. Mr. McAdam then publicly offered a free service to King Korndyke Sadie Vale for a sec- ond service, and later Mr. Niemann duplicated the offer to Rag Apple Korn- dyke 8th for the benefit of the pur- chaser, Mr. Babcock, if he should care to avail himself of it. The bidding then continued, John Arfmann making a bid of $7,000 and finally Mr. Babcock raised him $100, at- which price she was struck down to him. When asked if he accepted Mr. Pelletier’s offer of $5,000 for the next calf, he replied: “Somebody will have to pay more mon- ey for it. I am just going to give you a little run for your money.” The nine- monthsOld- son of the 44-pound cow was taken at $2,600 by H. F. Homann, Wanseon, Ohio, a young man who has been breeding purebred Holsteins for omy two'years. but who has a full real- isation d! the value of an outstanding herdairo. The hull was a bargain at ' , ' ' finance,” the, only ball over offered ‘ ,f forsale fromabighor record dam was taken for 162.200. E.'IH.,M\etca1f, of . three all-pound .1 ' .L, a. .n. 1‘ date dine in the, 30-pound list. His. new , addition ' comprised the 36-pound cow, JuniOr De 0] Dot, the 32-pound cow, Lady Nelie Colantha and the 31-pound' cow, Johanna Payne Mooie Homestead. MEAT ANIMALS GAIN IN PRICE AT . THE FARM. 1 The prices received by producers for cattle, sheep and hogs, September 15, and chickens, October 1, have gained 52.7 per cent in the general average from 1916 to 1917, according to the lat- \ est report of» the United States Depart- ment of Agriculture. The advance for beef cattle per 100 pounds, live weight, was from $6.55 to $8.40, or 28 per cent; for veal calves per 100 pounds, from $8.77 to $11.08, or 26 per cent; sheep per 100 pounds, from $6.25 to $10.05, or 61 per cent; lambs per 100 pounds, from $8.22 to $13.06, or 59 per cent; hogs per 100 pounds, from $9.22. to $15.69, or 70 per cent; chickens from 14.3 to 18.1 cents per pound, or 27 per cent. Sheep, lambs and hogs have far exceeded beef cattle, veal calves, and '- chickens in upward price movement at the point of production. The highest price at the farm per 100 pounds, live weight, reached dur~ ing the year under review, was $8.70 for beef cattle in May, $11.08 for veal calves in last September, $10.15 for sheep in May, $13.06 for lambs in last September, $15.69 for hogs in last Sep- tember, and 18.1 cents per pound for chickens October 1 of this year. latest farm price reported is the high- est one of the year for veal calves, lambs, hogs, and chickens; the May price was the highest for beef cattle and sheep. CHAMPIONSHIPS AT NATIONAL DAIRY SHOW. The following are the championship awards for the different breeds of -. dairy cattle, made at the recent Na- tional Dairy Show at Columbus, Ohio: Jerseys. Senior champion bull, two, years old. . ——M. D. Munn, St. Paul, Minn, on Gam- boge’s Vellum Majesty; grand cham- pion bull, do; senior champion cow, two years old, 1st, L. V. VValkley, Southington, Conn, on Oxford Majes- ty’s Gipsy; junior champion cow, under two years, Ed. C. Lasater, Falfurrias, Texas, on Great Scot’s Brightness; grand champion cow, Oxford Majesty’s Gipsy. Holsteins. Senior champion bull, two years old, Iowna. Farms, Davenport, Iowa, on Oak DeKol Ollie Homestead; junior cham- pion bull, under two years old, Carna. tion Stock Farms, Seattle, Washing- ton, on Matador Segis Walker 6th; senior champion cow, two years old, R. E. Haeger, Algonquin, Ill., on Minerva Beets; junior champion cow, under two years, R. E. Haeger, on Calamo Nancy Spoflord; grand champion bull, Oak DeKol Ollie Homestead; grand cham- pion cow, Minerva Beets. Ayrshires. Senior champiOn bull, two years old, Wendover Farm, Bernardville, N. J., on Imp. Howie’s Mint Master; junior champion bull, under two years, Adam Seitz, Waukesha, Wis, on Cavalier’s Lord Stuart; senior champion cow, two years old, Straithglass Farm, Port Chester, N. Y., on Shewalton Main’s Queen Imp; junior champion cow, un- der two years, Adam Seitz, on Cava- lier’s Klinford Dorothy; grand cham- pion bull, Cavalier’s Lord Stuart; grand champion cow, Shewalton‘s Main’s Queen Imp. Guernsey’s. Senior champion bull, two years old. D. D. Tenney, Crystal Bay, Minn, on Ladysmith’s Cherub; junior champion bull, under two years, W. H. Dupee, Santee, Cal., on Hopeful of Edgemoor; senior .champion cow, two years old, W. W“. Marsh, Waterloo, Iowa, on Imp. Princess Bergere; junior champion cow, under two years, W. W. Marsh, on imp. Rose Des Houard’s of the Prairie; grand champion bull, Ladysmith’s Cherub; grand champion cow, W. W. Marsh, on Imp. Princess Bergere. . Brown Swiss. Senior champion bull, two years old, 1st, ‘L. S.- Marshall & Sons, Leslie, Mieh.,~ on Stasisinoy of Sedgley; jun- ior champion bull, under two years, lst, Hull Bios, .Painesville, Ohio, on V - el’s Congas Boy; grand champion * ' _ The , producer. It is recognized Krause Dairy Feed is made under a formula which has been approved by experts of two leading agricultural colleges. It contains distillers’ grains, gluten feed, cotton need meal, wheat bran, malt sprouts, wheat middlings, brewers’ grains, hominy feed, linseed meal and a fraction of 11: of salt. A Sciontifically Balanced Ration Each of the ingredients in Krause Dairy Feed has distinct and specific value. They are combined in such proportions as to produce a scientifi- cally balanced ration which possesoes maximum food and milk-making value —--will keep your cows in perfect con- din'lon and produce a big milk yield without forcing. Your herd will 3708 Bamboo: Stud The Great Milk Making Feed RAUSE Dairy Feed has made a top notch record as a milk a feed of the highest grade, on which they can always depend for in- creased milk production and healthy cows. because it takes the place of high priced, home grown grains— saves time and labor of mixing—provides a better ration than any other combination and one which produces big and certain results. Krause Dairy Feed CHAS. A. KRAUSE MILLING CO. by expert dairymen everywhere as It is a money-maker relish Krause Dairy Feed and respond to it immediately. Feed “Kaine” this Winter Sell your high priced grains and make Krause Dairy Feed your standby for {all and winter feeding. Fed alone or with any home grown stuff that does not bring a high market price, it is always a money maker. Com- pare the cost and results with any lower grade mixture and you will find you are saving money and making money. Write for Free Sample Write at once for free sample of Kruuse Dairy Feed, also useful pock- et size record book. Be sure to give name of your dealer. Milwaukee, Wis. you please. electric lines. Two great railroads have economically as at home—or Department of Tours. The Department of Tours makes “Making California Easy.” Howard H. Room 1582, 226 W. in a new way. can go when you want, where you want, as economically as Vacation HIS booklet tells how. If throws Southern California open to you It explains how you Southern California, with all its beauty and variety, is the land of plenty. Fruits, vegetables, fowl and fish are abundant and cheap. A wide selection in hotels, bungalows and fur— nished apartments may be had to suit your purse. many reasonably priced boarding places. expenswe one-day excursions are offered by a network of Balmy California climate saves fuel. There are Numerous and in- established a bureau of travel experts to tell you how you can live in Southern California as more so. This bureau is the Its service is free. you and California acquainted before you go, and sees that you are comfortable while there. It confers with you, Iearnscyour desu‘es, shows you how to fulfill them, and through its repre- sentatwes to California, finds accommodations and even engages them. To learn all that the Department of Tours can do, read the booklet, ,4 Please ask us for it today. Department of Tours Hays. Manager CHICAGO. UNION PACIFIC & NORTH WESTERN LINE WWW) l mm Marshall sense, i. ., ,I. on Stash, .. .,., BAH-LEV an”; magmatgafidtihii “ . , 7 . Inigo redMeinmoth Bmueturke mantles 11-. .1” .. ll! dbe T Mmgmo 63%}an H» g. ‘1HAPPERI. GUIDE FREE : Iialie Big Profits From Furs ‘ Shlpplng to the ‘ Wot“? ’s Biggest Fur House For big trapping money In send your furs to us at once. We are it because we pay hi hestp rices. . oneed curakinsnow,w illepriceeare rite for new price list on rac- coonfllkun mink, fox, mush-at and other furs. We pay top' ce'e end send money same day ueverecel lpment. WRITE FOR FREE BOOK tofu FREE 'l‘repper' s Galds.lnstri1ctlons on Bingo in“: all”. prices on steel flips, “115.0 FUNSTEN BR08- & 00. 424 Em W [2705] Oi. Louie. Io. for Roup ancl'Cholcral5 Positively cures and prevents roup. cholera and all bowel diseases of poultry. Used and endorsed by leading poultry breeders. Easily given in the drink- ing water. Bond-guaranteed to do the work or money ., refunded. )At dealers or by mail prepaid. 25c and 501: ‘ Barren-bugger Co. . 113 Columbia Bldg. Indianapolis, Ind. POULTRY HOMESTEAD FARMS SALES OFFER We have the following biids to offer for immediate sale: Pullets, about ready t1 l11y:24 While Plymouth Books 5 Single Comb lthole Island Reds. Ye 1rli11 Hens. 'i) Single (‘ 0111b Rhode 11-11 1nd Reds. 20 Barred glymouth Rocks (N01 ember (leliien. ) A few Cockarels and Cocks of nearly all breeds. A “bairgain' closing out sale of ll White Leghorn Cock- ere is. Here are a few definite olfers that interested poultry- men can well alford to aim-e111. HOMESTEAD FARMS, Bloomingdale, Mich. BREEDING GOGKERELS Trapnestcd. bred-to-lay stoc k. S. C. White Le home, 52 each. Barred Rocks and B. O. Reds. 83 one . SUNNYBROOK POULTRY FARM. Hillsdule, Mich. ohn' H big beautifull hen— hatched Barred Rocks, J cod 1 13ers, Pens (5 birds) '1" to 3’0 33 to 810 out 11. 1.101%! on approval. Circuluis, photos. John N orthon Clare Mich. Barred Rocks ..f:i’§3i$‘:..il°f th cord t02908 g s a 561m?! to $5830.11 Circu- 17:1 1123. sFRED BABSTLING Constantine, Mich. bred from Grout Layers Barred Rock Cockerels f... 1...... W O. COFFMAN. it. 3 Benton Humor. Mich. ‘Ferris White Leghorns A real heavy laying strain, lrapnested l years, records from 200 to 264 eggs. Get our special summer prices on yearling hens, breeding males. eggs for hatcl11ng.8-week- old pullers and dig old chicks. \Ve ship C O D. and guarantee results. etslog gives prices; describes stock. tells all ebom our term and methods; results you can gel by breed- ing this strain. Send for your copy now—~11 is lrrc GEORGE B. FERRIS 984 Union. Grand Rapids. Mich. Fowlers Buff Rocks $33§?;;LS,§:';:13 from two dollars up according to quality. R. B. F0 VV.LER Hartford, Mich. special sale on Breeding BUff Leghorns (‘ockerels from a great lay ing strain. Dr. William A. Smith. Petersburg. Mich layllill 8. ll. W. Le horn: tiff: 55:39:13.5? 15:53 breedinghensnow. v_erfresl1 Egg Farm Ionic, Mich Pine Great I. 1:. Whils Orpinglons, :5 “$213, Sillfi cocks and hens. also young cockarele. M lit-l. WILLIS HOUGH. PINE OR] ‘ST FARM Royal Oak. Mich. RHODE ISLAND REDS Ind PLYMOUTH PROCK; Males 5 to 12 lbs. according to 113682 "1851’.“ weight 5 to 10 lbs.. eggs 15 for $1. 00; 100. 85; 120. 86. 00. Mammoth Bronze Tom Turkeys. 8 to 88 lbs. according to age 3 to $25.10 ago 53 J. Morris& &J. arson, Vassar. Mich. Successors to A. E. Cramton. 1. Red Summer Sale. Rose Comb (or ks and 1181111. .Sln le (omh hens and pullets. All at bargain prices. ocke role after September 15tl 1. INTERLAKE‘S FARM 0139, Lawrence. Mich S 0 W Leghorn hens for breeding $1. 50 each. Cock- 'erels from trap nested stock v18 haie them prlt ed 331:0 fiesch. 0. S. Sturtevant& Sons. Ypsilanti Mich l. C. Br. lgghom Cockerels, £33: W. Ch G e 6 th I l' t d. MRS. 135111???sz 3.111.511!” y l-lei 1”“pp ’ L" ‘m' e illed ale. Michigan Leghorn (ockereln tvio lest Re C- Bro strains in America bred {120m prize winners $1.50 up. a square deul orders promptly filled. E. Himebuugh. Goldwater. Mich. ILVER. Golden and White Wyandottes. Ohoice breeding stock of sale after Oct. 1st, a few bargains in yearling hens. O. W. Brownln[.R 22' Portland Mich. 8. c w. l. am: April Hatched. Standard Bred - Cookerels on free re 6 at 8“.00 each. White Line Poultry Farm. Hillsda ae.Mieh. FOR S ALE O. W. Leghorn cockenels for first t J ! greitigingdpu‘rpo‘fes. PIlktcfled this 0 ans mm 9 res s cc 1- co . 0.0. WHISTLER. Brown. cm. Align. silver Laced Wyandottes. Pure bred cockerels for sole. 81. 500mb. Healthy birds. hatchedl in May. Under Carson City. Mich. now. Mrs. Jacob Bnesrey. 11.1 BITE W-yandottee I have a line lot of April and M in 1.1111111 cooker-slat to DAVIByBAa! £7533?“ 3311115911., 11111132.- Willi UINEA fowls, which have suffer- ed unpopularity with farmers be cause of pronounced propensi— ties for noise making during the sleep- ing hours of humans, are likely to rise above: this objection in View of a steadily increasing demand for their delicious flesh. With eastern markets offering seventy-five cents to $1.50 a. pair for these fowls, guinea raising now is a profitable side line on eastern farms, and may offer opportunities to the commercial poultryman in a few cases. In Farmers’ Bulletin 858, “The Guinea FoWl,” is discussed from the starting of a flock to marketing the produce, which is largely the meat. A Game Bird Substitute. The increasing demand for guineas, the specialist says, comes from hotels and restaurants in the large cities, which are always eager to buy prime young stock. These they particularly like to use as a delicacy in banquets and club dinners, guineas being a good substitute for game birds, such as grouse, partridge, quail, and pheasant. The present supply comes largely from small farm flocks of ten to twenty-five fowls. Such flocks require little care and expense to raise; consequently the marketing price is largely profit. And as for that undesirable cry of the guinea, the department specialist admits that this is a rather objection- able habit, but declares that it might often be listed as an asset. It gives warning of marauders in the poultry yard and also, backed by a pugnacious disposition, constitutes an effective show of fight against hawks and other enemies. In fact, some farmers raise a few guineas with their turkeys and allow them to roost together so that a warning will be given if any theft is attempted during the night. Prices Good. Guinea raisers who are near the large eastern markets or who have de- veloped a trade among private custom- ers are now receiving prices that make this industry very profitable. One poul- tryman near a New England summer resort has raised as many as four hun- dred guineas in one season, selling them in August when they weighed about one pound each at $1.25 a pair. Wholesale prices in'New York usually range from seventy-five cents to $1.00 Gumcas In Demand 3. pair for dressed spring guineas that weigh two pounds to the pair, and from $1.25 to $1.50 a pair for those weighing threeto fOur pounds to the pair. Old guineas are not' wanted and seldom bring more than fifty or sixty cents' a pair. Popular Varieties. Of the three varieties of guinea fowl -—Pearl, White and Lavender—éPearl is by far the most popular. It has a purplish gray plumage regularly dot— ted or “pearled” with white and is so handsome that frequently the feathers are used for ornamental purposes. Breeding stock of the various varieties usually sells for $2.00 to $3.50 a pair, or from $3.00 to $5.00 a trio. Eggs from pure-bred birds for hatching can be obtained for seventy-five cents to $1.00 for fifteen. During the last few years a limited market for guinea eggs has developed among commercial hatcheries which have an outlet for a few day-old guinea chicks along with their ordinary chicks, ducklings, gos- lings, and turkey poults. While guin- eas can be kept in the best condition upon free range, they can be confined if necessary and satisfactory results obtained. The Marketing Season. The marketing season for guinea fowl is during the latter part of the summer and throughout the fall. At this time the demand in the city mar- kets is for youngrbirds weighing from one to two pounds each. At about two and a half months of age guineas weigh from one to one and a half pounds. As the season advances the demand is for heavier birds The usual practice in marketing the game birds is to. place them onthe market unplucked, and in most .mar- kets guineas are sold in this way. They are more attractive with the feathers on and sell more readily. When dress ed the small size and dark color of the guinea are likely to prejudice the pros- pective customer, who may be unfa- miliar with the bird’s excellent eating qualities. For hotel rind restaurant trade, however, guineas should be dressed in the same way .as common fowl. Before shipping any birds to a market, it is advisable to inquire of the dealer to whom they are to be shipped lllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|lilllllllllllllllllllllllilllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|IlllllllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllHillllllllllllllllllIlllllllllllllll|lllilllllllllllllllllllllllillllllllllllmlllllllm The Secret of EggProduc‘ti’OH 0 get the maximum number of eggs the hens are capable of lay- quired in the production of eggs. Un- limited quantities of sour milk should ing, not only requires good judg- always be available for the poultry, ment, but careful observation of the results of feeding. The flock must be studied and the feeds varied. Variety in the laying rations will invariably bring out better results than any single ration fed constantly. Even a hen that is not laying requires a certain amount of food to maintain her physical con- dition properly. The laying hen must have this much and more too, if she is to produce an abundance of eggs. Her appetite should be keen and eating en— couraged. Rations that whet her ap- petite induce her to get into the scratching litter earlier in the morn- ing and rustle for feed until late in the evening with the result that she con- sumes an increased quantity of feed which she utilizes in the production of eggs. This can best be accomplished by giving her such a mixture of feeds as will keep her digestive tract in good order and appeal to her appetite. The element of green feed in the hen’s ration should never be left out. This Can be ' provided . in numerOus ways. Roofs, \ensilage, sprouted oats, cabbage, vegetable scraps. alfalfa and clover leaves all supply a valuable ele- ment that aids efficient digestion. Some whole grain should be fed in the litter. as well as ground grain in the nine-h. Each supply needed food nan-legume»; butpif sour’milk is not to be had, then commercial beef scrap may be substi- tuted. However, just because the hens have access to sour milk, is no good reason fordepriving them of adequate fresh water drinking facilities. Her drinking trough should be kept clean, and in. freezing winter weather ,the chill should be taken off the water. Icy water furnished laying hens in the winter time not only chills their bod- ies and wastes their energy in provid- ing sufficient body warmth to overcome such loss, but discourages the con- sumption of adequate quantities of wa- ter to supply the body needs The sup- ply of grit and Oyster -shell should al- ways 'be kept replenished. Efficient feeding not only means am- ple feeding, but the-supplying of the various nutritive elements in the ra. tion t.o"br'ing“,9ut the maximum egg producing results. of eggs. The laying hen must not only have the nutritive elements required to keep her body in first-class physical trim, but she requires a competent sur- pins for the purpose 111: producing eggs. Goad feeding. To skimp in the,“ rations, brings a loss in the production keen observation and If the guineas are to be marketed»? with the feathers on, all that should be. .' done is to bleed them by severing the vein in the roof of the mouth, allbwing' them to hang head downward until .If the feathers ' bleeding is complete. are to be removed, this should be done by dry picking. The vein in the roof of the mouth is severed first to insure thorough bleeding, and the knife' then thrust‘through the grOove in the roof of the mouth into the brain. When the brain is pierced the feathers are loos- ened by a convulsive movement of the muscles and can be removed easily. FATTENING CHICKENS. The Pennsylvania Experiment Sta- tion recently conducted some tests on the fattening of cockerels for market. Two types of breeding and care were represented by the fowls selected, viz.: ordinary farm-raised and closely man- aged, egg-laying types. Various ra- tions and methods of confinement were compared. The number of‘fowls form— ing the group representing a particular method was ten in each case. The results showed that farm-raised poultry of the Plymouth Rock and Rhode Island Red. breeds may be fat- tened in crates or pens at a cost for- food of ten to twelve cents per pound of gain. No difference appeared in the gains from crate and pen- -fed fowls. but with fowls of these kinds close con- finement resulted in greater economy per pound of gain. Thin fowls made the cheapest gains. Fine-ground grain and rations rich in protein gave the better results. Milk was superior to meat scrap as a source of protein. In the case of the more, active, egg- laying breed, represented by Leghorn cockerels, fattening was profitable with fowls weighing up to two and a half pounds,'but not beyond that limit, at present food and poultry values. 'The costs of gain with this-breed ranged . from 3.25 to twelve .cents per pound. With the lighter birds, "regular grow. ing rations were 'Superior‘to'special fattening mixtures, and-Close conflue- ment was not as ‘advantageOus as con- ditions permitting some'exercise. HEN MUST HAVE “ELBOW ROOM », The man who is thinking about put- ting up a new poultry house should make ready now for the job, a bulletin. from the poultry department of the Michigan Agricultural College declares. The statement is added that at least four square feet of space should be allowed for every hen. “If you are planning upon putting up a poultry hOuse, build now,” t-he‘M. A. C. poultrymen say. “By so; doing the house itself will be well seasoned and the ground below the floor thoroughly * dried out before winter sets in. “The house should be large enough to allow four square feet of space for each hen. That is, a coop for one hun- dred birds should be "tWenty feet by ‘ twenty feet in Size, 18x24, 16x25, or 14x30. A house less than fourteen feet wide or deep should nevervbe built. “A shed roof can be built for the house fourteen feet wide," but the oth- ers should have a short or broken fact, while the 20x20 structure may be built with a gabled roof. If a shed roof is used build the house four and one-half feet high at the rear and eight feet in front. It a square house is built allow the ridge pole to be seven feet from the floor with a front four and one-half feet high and the rear five feet high “The neXt queStSon 1s whether to 1311- . build an open-front.- house or net. perience at the college has taught that hand lay better, are less susceptible to", ' , disease; and are more contentedln an F , ..5 their open-front building than 11 any- 1 -.... .« 1-. -‘:wamwmcmxwf . “,4 < -.... . / .,.‘_,. «1"... .TW -..1 ..< ‘ “r ””3 “M 4*». ,m x. . .-.-‘:w.thvsz-sawf . ”gated north of ~the Ohio river. The harness horse classes each evening were reminders of heavy harness class as at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The draft horses were present in abundant numbers, the Percherons ‘ dominating the other breeds. Tuesday, October 23, was designated as Percher- on Day. The show opened early in the morning with seventeen entries for- ward in the aged stallion class. At the top stood a Crouch entry, the dark grey Plato, trim and dressy about his head and neck, short of back, strongly coupled, and with real draft horse abi1~ ity on the move. Bros. entry, and champion at the Ohio State Fair this year, stood in second position. The gray Jehovah, reserve champion at the Ohio State Fair this fall, was third. Fourth in position went to Nectar an entry from Woodside Farms. Seven entries answered the call in the three and two-yearold \classes. In the two-year class interest centered in the battle between the colts Walbank and Brilliant. It will be remembered that Walbank topped the Eastern Per- cheron Futurity in 1916. He lacks the freshness Of his yearling form, how- ever, and he was placed in second po- sition. The winning colt Brilliant, was shown by Adams, Potter & Whipple. In the aged mare class, first went to Alice, an entry from \Voodside Farms. This mare was second in her class at the International Live Stock Exposi- tion in 1916. Janet, a Crouch entry, stood in second place, with Alicia, an- other Woodside Farm entry, in third position. The latter was first in her class at the International last year. The three~year-old mare class was of especial interest because it brought forth the mare Pet, not only first in ‘ her class but later made grand cham- pion mare. In winning this honor Pet humbled Lady Radisnoir, winner of the two-year—old mare class and also win-I . ner of the Eastern Percheron Futurity last year. The stallion champion honor went to ' Plato the Crouch entry, with Brilliant, the Adams, Potter & W’hille entry in reserve position. The Percheron awards were made by Prof. F. R. Mar- shall. The Belgians. There were nine entries in the aged ‘ Belgian class. In this class the real battle occurred between Felix-du-Ger~ on, a Bell Bros. entry, and Bomiott-de~ emal, a Crouch entry. The Crouch horse boasted greater thickness and depth and was a little more drafty in appearance, but the Bell Bros. colt with his clean, hard bone and joints, nicely stationed legs and his length and true- ness of stride, could not be denied. He not only topped his class but tramped right on through to the championship. The three-year-old class of mares brought forth the keenest competition in the mare classes. In this class, Fayette Rose, a hitherto unbeaten en- try from the stable of Roy Hagler, gave way to Marquit, a Crouch entry. The mare championship went to Queen, an entry in the aged mare class from the Crouch stable. Prof. C. F. Curtiss made the awards. The Clydesdales. The Clydesdales boasted the fewest entries among the draft classes. There were but two stables that came—Paint- er Bros, from Indiana, and J. Leitch & Son, from Illinois. They divided the honors, each of them romping away with a championship. Mikado, a one- time champion stallion at the Interna- tional, appeared in his ten-year form and manifested his old-time dash and fmshneSs, to entitle him to a place at the top of his class and to send him to the championship. 'The mare cham- ‘ :~ pionship wont to Lady Eyergreen, an ‘ g genusrfmm ' ' arcs! barn. Dean, fie fibbdns for Lanquier, a Bell _ ~ , 54,1315 Dr. Hess Stock Tonic is a Conditioner and Worm Expeller c ‘ly Stock Tonic is never peddled. 25-16. Pail, $2.00; 100-15. Drum, $6.50. Why Pay the Peddler Twice My Price? Keep Your Animals in Condition Now is when your stock need special attention because the change from pasture to dry feed is one of the most critical periods of the Whole year. You can lose more pounds of summer through Noyember neglect than you can get all Winter. the summer thrift—ekeep out the worms. Dr. Hess Stock Drives Out the Worms. Nux Vomica in it aids digestion. worm expeller. ,The Sulphate of and worm expeller. Why Pay the Pcddler You buy Dr. Hess Stock Tonic your money if it doe mailer pac Keep up the good condition—~keep up Makes Stock Healthy Keep the animals’ systems right and you need have little fear of disease. Stock Tonic tones the stomach and the digestive organs, gives better action to the bowels, improves -. the blood, purges of worms, and gives real life and vigor. The Quassia is a true tonic and it There is Epsom Salts foralaxative, and Nitrate of Potash to act on the kidneys. responsible dealer in your town who is authorized to return 25-“). Pall. $2.00; Exce t in the far West, South and Canada. Dr. Hess 8: Clark, Ashland, Ohio gain back hm. Tonic 1 Iron is a blood builder Twice My Price? at an honest price from a s not do as claimed. loo-lb. Drum, 86.50.1' kages in proportion. DR. HESS PMJLTRY PAN-A-CE-A Will Start Your Pallets and Moulted liens to Laying ' \; \\\; L“ § '\ ; \\‘\\\ <§.\\ 'l ‘\:;_-. ‘: . ‘\ $1.“ K\\\\\:l~“\n\\ :Sixx e s 3‘. _ . were Is Xxx: .- - \\\\ ce Make your cows oom- fortabe. 'l‘heytwill r_e- 4. -I . 1 a lnv - ~ gay youmany nllne . ' : _ . ch mmnrsuns lrm never-drops to floor. Writeto- ' Polnnd China boars shipped 0.0.1). Blg Boned call or write for phutnnvei hts.Ped- agree and prlce. 1%.“. Leonard. 11.3. St. [Am a, Mich. WV AILN UT Alloy~Big Type P. C. Boers ready to so. (nits Will be bred for Apr. furrow to a great boar from Iowa. Let me tell you about. them. or come and see for yourself. A. D. GREGORY, Ionin. Mich. “ME Slflllil P. c. H. 0. SVVAR'l‘Z. nothing for sale until after Nov. 1st. Sghoolcral‘t, Mich. mrcmma oaks. Use AID STANCKIONS lg type P. C. Boats and Gilts of Peter Mnuw breed- Bing. He sold 104 heard Sept. 21 for $32,035 average s3osperhead. ' Mich. spring boars and elite I ‘ . “Bflglslflld HampShlfuo book your order now. JOHN W. SNYDER. R. i. St. Johns. Mich. C. E. unant, Eaton Rapids. corners. steel frame, ve Cow can not Work loose. trons. FINE Cherry Red Tamworths: two sows of April SHROPSHIRE AND HAM?! SHIRE RAM LAMBS Husky ones with quality. Price 835. Shipped 0.0. l). ope on Farms, Shoe at Lu ton address Goldwater. Mich. Shropsh i res lb few. OhOlOO ROI- old. 10 ewes. DAN BOO a. "it'l‘bs' “film” 12']; I oil'or for remainder of amen a limited number d . trons crou- nugumd Shropshire Ban Lambs 8:33.33: “at: Woe. C. LEMEN, Dexgr. Mich. 500 BREEDING EWES For Sale 1 t0 4 years old in lots to suit purchaser $13 to $16 per head. Also Thoroughbred Shro shi . ALB. CHAPMAN. So. Backwoodrhligfma ° 'Rom Lo be ad one three year ShOl'pShll‘B ol M'laneadgr‘for solo. ' ARMSTRONG 330’ . B. 8. Fowler-villa. Mich. Hag. Shropshire Hams For Sale , ' Priooi too-on «.. xx 1'. \lnflw 1 _ *. v w.‘ .«. y “ "‘ :..-.~. A ,‘ ., .. ¢ .1 .,., ..,., .. .2. 2,, _;, ’ . _. .y ~ “‘ ‘. sq... .,s , , .3 v. gv‘ at: .. _. m... .>. WA". . . ., ‘le ay f9“. planted matter m“? f Also up of Oct iber (arrow. b th ' ' ' Black To Rama 1‘ :escnbmcHamsBarnEquipment. sexes. willosnmolmr. 15mm, ich. 0 ““3“?ng 333%!gg2‘ 58.1% Rn gum. 131151;" . a . e 6W! 8. 10 l- SHEEP MERINOS dz Delaines. having qualityhzlrzgr, 5:112 fleeces. long Itflxle heavy shes tors. Ba delivered, 8. . daggers, R. 2. Ashtabula, Ohio. red ox!“ Down gonad] inch: :or sale. ETED and J. SPAANS Oxford Ram and Ram ReggStered limbo. Also Berkshire 23‘ C E STOCK FARE, 11.1, Mariette, Mich. One . 1d nd ' - LlNCOLNS—u tin??? 9.11.. 52”.“. ’53. lambs. 8P1! KNIGHT sous, 0mm". Mich. Bo bonlll t R A M S: no: shine: Forage. . WOOD so the Mich. Several hundredW 6m oval. bauxgd in M. bred “mot g . brood: mails” ado. 13$ . m'scn. “benign 31m ' as“ " Mb" .u'rfi‘? cu, Muir. M irh. Michigan Live 11111111111111 1131111111111"i s1“ Home Office1Cu-aebner BIdg., Saginaw, W. S., Michigan Executive Office: 319 Widdicomb Bldg" Grand Rapids, Michigan This Company is backed by more than 500 of the best live stock farmers of the state. and we have more than $100, 000 deposited with the State Treasurer as a guarantee of the Company’ 8 responsibility. We insure all live stock-horses. cattle sheep and hogs against death from any cause. We issue individual and blanket policies covering any and all conditions—herd policies. feeding policies. shipping policies. 30 (lay foaling policies. etc. We want a local agent to represent us in every community in Michigan. We want every farmer in the State ovaichigan to insure his live stock with us. We will give you asquare deal. Write for information. Colon C. Lillie, Pres. and Supt. of Agts. Harmon J. Wells, Secty. and Gen. Mgr. BREEDERS' DIRECTORY. Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us Ten Days before date of publication.) We Offer a Few Special Bargains In S. C. White Leghorn cockerels, Ram- bouillet rams, Hampshire pigs (either sex) and Holstein bulls. A good chance for a small investment to reap the bene- fit of a large expenditure of capital and years of expert breeding. Flanders Farm, Orchard Lake, Mich. CATTLE. Aberdeen- Angus Hexd established in 1900, ’l‘rojan— Ericas and Black birds only. Bulls 1n servic;e Black Brandon 208932 Enosof Woodcote 191382. Also breeders of Percheron and Saddle Ho WOODOUTE Sl‘OOK FARM ANGU CLOVP‘ItIY STUCK RANCH. ulls Coos and Heifers for sale. GEO. HA'I‘HAWAY & SON, Ovid, Mich. 8131 en bull 1 alvos ABERDEEN-ANGUS E, W. T. E. ORUCHSHANK, R. 2. Evert, Mich. M. S. D. AYHSHIRES We have for sale‘a choice lot of young stock from A. R. dams. Also a few mature cows. Write for particulars. W. L. HOFFMAN, Steward, School for the Deaf, Flint, Michigan Ionia. Mich. Registered Guernseys Stock always for 91111» May Rose Strain— H0111 '1‘ char- culin tested annuall y. Nev rhm‘. a 19111 tor—~no abortion. J.M .WILLIAMVISe. rNorth Adams Mich. llEBNSEYS must reduce herd soolTera few choice 1 females of Glenwood breeding also bulls all sto1 k of A. R breeding herd tuber1ulin tested. Do not write about females but come at once as they are priced to sell. ..V HICKS. Battle Creek Michigan —REGISTEBED GUERNSEY BULL CALVES tanini blood of world chain ions. HICKS' ooousmfssv FARM. slain". 111101. For Sale. four oun G U 6 Fr] 56 y S-registered cows. ' Elle: culine tested. Geo. N. Crawford, Holton. Mich. . Registered and Grade 1ows,hulls Guernseys yearlings. heifer (uhes: will sell 20. Some with records; choi1cof45; must reduce herd: tuberculin tested Avondule Sto1 k Farm Way ne. Mich. REG. Guernsey bull 2 years old prize “inner. a few Lows. also bull 1 alves, May Rose breeding HN EBELS 11.2, Holland. Michigan. FOR SALE 8 grade Guernsey heifers. 1to2}é yrs. Some fresh 54110375 GEO. HEA TH. Lawrence. Mich. Gluny Stock farm 100 Registered Holsteins 100 For Sale-Nicely markcd7 mos. old bull. Sire- Dut1 hland (‘olantha \Vinana Lad No 114067. Grand (‘ hamp1on Bull at M11 higan State Fair 1917. Dam a 19 2 lb. Sr. 2 r. old. She produced in first four milking perio s 50 634. 6 lb. milk (private record). average 37.81b. a day. Dam's dam. 1120.8 lb. cow. produced in first eight milking periods 92 417 lb. milk. If you are looking for producing qualities. send for pedigree and price on this one'- K. Bruce McPherson, Howell, Mich. REG. HOLBTEINS: H131! headed b5 Albina Bonto Butter Boy No. 93124. D'am s recor at 6 yrs. butter Y‘zmlyK record at 2%y yrs. butter A.DER Howell, Mich m2 lbs. milk 1%?) lbs. A Yearling Heifer, lire bred Hol- For sale stein. Sire.Colantha ohannaCream- elle Lad, Dam. Elizabeth Begin Lyons. If you want something good. write, Geo. D.Clarke. Vassar. Mich. Registered Holstein $3.?“3i3 3333me 1331.6 sires. Priced to sell. Fred J. Lance. Sebewaing, Mich I Always Have Holsteins To Sell If wanting Registered cattle write me your wants before placing your order elsewhere. 1.. E. CONNELL, Fayette, Ohio: Buy Your lull: From Parham' s Pedigree flock Fun Choice Be istorod Holstein calves from A. 3.0.001". 3113.1? 13.11111 Bronson. 1111111135131. 3 Holstein Heifers...8021 Fla “8" .132570‘3'1‘1: 0135111. cow. bred tolfbrothertoR le r. old. '1‘ ifwanted. .L. McLAULIN Beulah”. Mihhiegm. Flne ividual, four 11:21:13 RAH?)- Flint. flick. MUTE"! lllll. GIlF. farmers prices; “TOP-NUTGH” HULSTEINS “Milk production is an inherited ability. Good cows must be bred to good pure-bred bulls if progress in dairying is to be made’ Extract U. 8. Dept. of Agric. Bulletin. Here is a Iyoung bull with inherited abilit , and rare individuu merit. He was born Dec. 24] 19h"). iiiuiier 3171 3”.“ 110% u ker ays I . . H“ 51‘1”“ Dam ”"4 Mil 1130 Days 2615. 70 ecord [Butter 1 Year 838.41 Milk 1 Year 19675.11) His Sire' s Sire 5 three nearest Dams average Butter 7 Days 30.816111111111118 a junior three and senior four \r. 01 .) His Dam' 11 Record; Butter 7 Days 21.24 3 Yrs. 14 Days Milk 7 Days 452.8 Dams' Dam . Almost :10 lbs. l 8mm" 7 Dal“ About % white. Price low for this quality. McPherson Farms Co., Howell, Mich. HOLSTEIN FEMALES Fifteen head of cows, heifers and calves for sale. Some have A. R. 0. Records above 21 lbs. butter in 7 days, and all W111 average by their 6 to 7 nearest test- ed dams over 22 lbs. butter 1n 7 days Grand daughters of King of the Pontiac and King eg1s Extraordinary fine breeding at less than auction prices. All bred to calve before March. BIGELUWS HULSTEIN FARMS, BREEDSVILLE, MICH. 29.40 OAK LEAF FARM Herd Sire Ypsiland Sir Pletertie De Kol Registered Holstein cows &. bull calves fine individu- als cows safe in calf satisfaction guarantee E. H Gearhart 1t Son, Marcellus, Mlch., R. No. 4. WINWOOD HERD REGISTERED HOLSTEINS Holton, Mich. Reference.- .Old State Bank. Fremont. Mich. Flint Ma Iecroat Bo sire 1n service His sire is Map ecrest Korn \ke Hengerveld. his 8 Nearest Dams each overwlbs. of butter in7days butter in lyear. It isthe early cow we are looking for m delivcrthe goods. Flmt Maplecrest Boy‘ sDam is l Gluck Vassar Bell. 30. 57 7Ibs. of butter in 7 davs and 120 lbs. in 30 days. Her butter rat test is 5 27. This looks 'ahout right to the man who goes to the creamery. m WGWl Uh“) m We have Bull Calves from 2 weeks to 8 months old for sale at dair r’|yfarmers prices all out ofA A..R O H Write & tel us the kind of a bull you want. John H. Winn. (Inc.,) Holton, Mich. The Difference between HOLSTEIN 33$. COWS is the difference between» Profit and Loss all cows throughout the U. S. average 3000 quts of milk a year. All registered Holsteina average 7000 quts. Get our free book THE HOLSTESIN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, Box 164, Brnttleborq, ' Vt. OlfOI'S. Pure Bred REG. Holstein Bull Calf. The last one until winter. agood one with A R. 0 backing. write for ‘ad- lgree and price. Elmer E. Smith, Redford. FOR Sale Ono regietercd Holstein bull calf. Slre’s twenty nearest dams have 7. da. records av. 25. 53 lb. butter. Dam to be tested. A finely marked. growthy individul. Long Velw Farm. 11. a Box 101 Rochester, Mich. FOR Sale. Reg Holstein bull calf born “Septi 15. Half white. in show form. Colic? Sire.A dam pricelow- 0. L. HULETT& SO Okomos. oMich. CHOICE Holstein bulls nearly old enough for service. 01 born January 24. ’Z'sire s dam, grand- dam and guest. grand-dam a semi- oillcial records average 842 lbs. butler Dam of calf 18 lbs. bfitteg 784:3: - asseniorZyr -old, average per cent fat 4. 3 y23 lb. bull and out of a 14 lb. unior 2-yr.-old. C. L. BR .Owner, Huron, ich. Chas. l'etera, Herdsman. Three Rivers. lch, Butter Fat Counts ”Holstein Bull Calves fromx a so lb. 6. 53 ifiire. Dam rand daughters or the! In! of 111.11.111.11». erdams 1;er dsfihten of Sadie Vale Concordia e etirst ll) win 8. Lewis, Marshall. Hi 01:. FOR SALE . am .11" was seven mange.” GrandD son or Moulgecreeh‘ggornd keg??- .. .... Wail. Fives . ”swam... 1.... Re. Holstein... 111.110.1111. “”1 m. talc Komdy 11mm)! lugs Farmers Prices. 301m dananlth His dam and grand dam both made over 1232 lbs. of" the ‘c THE GRANGE AND THE FARMER. (Concluded from last week). But often it is just as necessary to be on the watch for legislation that we do not want, as to champion measures whose passage would result to our ad: vantage. For example—for years pro- gressive stock men and dairymen have been anxious to control tuberculosis more fully in the state. The way is plain. If the disease can be discovered early in its existence in an animal, there is small chance of communicat- ing it to any of the rest of the herd. The only way to discover it at this time is through the tuberculin test. Graduates of our M. A. C., and boys who have taken the two-year short course, are perfectly competent to make this test. 'As a matter of fact, they-have done so for some time .with advantageous results. But the legis- lature of 1915 passed a law making it unlawful for any but a graduate veter- inarian to practice veterinary science. Therefore no graduate of our M. A. C. nor anyone else, save a graduated vet- erinarian can test cattle for tubercu‘ losis The object in this law is self evi- dent. Where were our farmers and dairymen when this law was passed? When the farmers of North Dakota went to the legislature of that state asking for certain reforms, they were told to “go home and slop the hogs.” The writer likes a. good hog as well as anybody in Dakota. He believes in and tries to practice up-to-date methods of feeding, but we farmers must get our hogs slopped in time to attend to mat- ters of legislation that affect our busi-' ness, or suffer at the hands of those who would profit through our inatten- tion to public questions. This law should be repealed. We have no quarrel with the veterinarian profession. We need a veterinarian now and then, and when we need him we are glad to treat him like a gentle- man, and pay him promptly for his ser- vices, but when his class, through the oversight of farmers and dairymen gen- erally are able to put across a piece of legislation purely for the purpose of forcing, people to employ them, they and farmers need to take the lesson to heart and be more active in public matters. I have pointed out several lines of activity in which the. granges of the state might engage to their good and to that of the public’generally. Let no one think, however, that I do not ap- preciate the wonderful work which the order has accomplished. This work is showing more and more along all lines. Broader and clearer visions of it are appearing year by year to its leaders. New men and women, with new ' thoughts are entering the «order con- stantly and, not‘one of the old guard who is still with us has stopped think- ing or working for the good of the order. There is everything to encourage us. Michigan. cannot get along without the Grange, we shall not try. But Patrons, may we not see in our wonderful growth, and our splendid accomplish- ments in the past, and in the light of ever increasing opportunities fer ser- vice a new call to duty, and seeing, may we not rise and go out to still greater deeds of public service? . F. TAYLOR. COMING EVENTS. Charlotte Grange is preparing for an Agricultural Pageant to be preSented at the Thomas Opera House, Charlotte, Mich, on Friday evening, November. 16. There are fifty characters in the yeast, who are training under the direc; ’ .tion of Miss Mary Derby, of Lansing. .The play represents the past, present ; tural Hostess and » and future of agrleul ract {h need to be shown where they “are at, ”7 Club 11 g Farmers lCubs 5, Willi"llllHiIll_lli|Illililllilllllllliillllilllllillllllillmllllflillfl 1 ‘ ' QUARTER CENTURY ANNIVER-- ~. SARY. The coming annual. meeting of the - Michigan State Association ‘of Farm: ers’ Clubs will mark the passage of - twenty-five years since the inception of the organization. Every local Club in the state should send delegates to take part in the deliberations of this meet- ing, which will be-one of spebial sig- nificance on this account. An excel- lent program has been prepared for the occasion, as follows: Program. Tuesday, December 4, 10:00 A. M. Registration. Presenting credentials. Payment of dues. Appointment of committees. Presentation of resolutions. General Session, 1:00 P. M. Hon. C. B. Scully, Chairman, Almont. Invocation, Rev. M. L. Fox, Lansing. Solo, Melvin Hart, Howell. Ac‘com- panist, Miss Bernice Hart. Report of associational secretary, Mrs. J. S. Brown, HowelL “Organization for Fnancial Advance- ment,” Hon. A. B. Cook, Owosso. “Conserving the Country’s Greatest Asset,” Walter B. Dickinson, New York City. Reading, Mrs. Claude A. ,Burkhart, Howell. Solo, Melvin Hart, Howell. panist, Miss Bernice Hart. Tuesday Evening. Banquet Anniversary Program. Music, M. A. C. Girls’ Glee Club. President’s address, Hon. C. B. Scul- ly, Almont. At the Round Table. “Twenty-five Years of Progress in Michigan Agriculture,” J. L. Snyder, President Emeritus, M. A. 0., East Lansing. Reading, Mrs. Claude’A. Burkhart, Howell. Solo,- Melvin Hart, Howell. panist, Miss Bernice Hart. “What Twenty-five Years of Effort has Brought to M. A. 0., President F S. Kedzie, M. A. 0., East Lansing. Music, M. A. C. Girls’ Club. Ralph Accom- Accom- “Preparedness,” Secretary Duff, Executive Office, Lansing. Wednesday, December 5, 9:00 A. M. Club Conference of delegates, direct- ed by C. F. Hainline, Alma. Solo, Mrs. Alice Crafts Storrs, Grass Lake, Accompanist, Miss Ethel Cow- den. “Agricultural Organization,” I-Ion. J. N. McBride, East Lansing. Treasurer’ s report. 1: 00 O’clock P. M. , Solo, Mrs. Alice Crafts Storrs, Grass Lake, Accompanist, Miss Ethel Cow- den. Reports of committees on temper- ance, Honorary Members, Club Exten— sion, Credentials, National State Affairs, Legislative. Solo, Mrs. Alice Crafts Storrs, Grass 1 Lake, Accompanist, Miss Ethel Cow- den. Address, “Michigan Farmer’s Part in this War,” Michigan’s Fuel Dictator, W. K. Prudden, Lansing. Beading, I“America,” Mrs. Claude A. Burkhart, Howell. Address, “The War for Peace,” Dr.‘ Caroline Bartlett Crane, State Chair- man Women’s Committee Council of National Defense, Kalamazoo. , Solo, Mrs. Alice Crafts Storrs, Grass (Lake, Accompanist, Miss Ethel Cow- e . 11. “Conservation of Food,” Dean White, M. A. 0., East Lansing. 7:00 O’clock P. M. Music, M. A. C Men’s Glee Club. AddreSs, “Why we Are at War with Germany,” Prof. C. H. Vantine, U. of. >M., Ann Arbor. Reading, Mrs. Claude A. Burkhart, Howell. Address, Governor Albert E .Sleeper, . Lansing. Music, M. A. C. Men' 3 Glee Club. ATTENTION CLUB SECRETARIES! The associations! secretary requests that secretaries or ell-loch Farmers out endr , haw; . '7 Affairs, Ypsilanti, r The sale will comprise over 50 head from the herds of the mem- bers of this Breeders’ Club. Over half of the offerings are cows fresh or bred to high—class Sires to freshen through this fall and winter. F I F T E E N GRANDDAUGH- TERS AND SIX G R E A T GRANDDAUGHTERS OF KING OF THE I’ONTIACS AND PON- TIAC KORNDYKE are among the attractive offerings. KING PONTIAC. JEWEL KORNDYKE‘NO. 94184 will be offered, simply because the herd which he has headed for four years finds it necessary to avoid inbreeding to disposept’ him. He is a son of the KING OF THE PONTIACS, the greatest living dairy sire with more 30-pound daughters, more 40-pound daugh- ters, and more ABC daughters than any other living sire. His dam is a daughter of De K01 2d’s Butter Boy 3d, and his granddani a daughter of Pontiac Korndyke. He has 10 A. R. 0 daughters to his credit and many more com- Jerseys a The most important thing in buying producers. Brookwater offers to sell it won more prizes at the State Washtenaw County Holstein-Friesian Cattle Breeders’ Club Sale , (At Ypsilanti Farms. 1% Miles West of City on Electric Line) Wednesday, November 14, at \10 A. M. Address WILLIAM B. HATCH, Secretary, Ypsilanti, Michigan nd Duroc J erseys——.-——-¥ 3 Jersey bull in to get one .backed up by generations of high ew choice bull calves of this kind. Fairs this your than any other. Michigan ing on to test. This is an unus- ual opportunity for one 'or more breeders to procure a tested sire, gentle and all right in every way and right in his prime. Other sires represented in the offerings in this sale are King Lunde Pontiac Korndyke 15th, No. 142487, out of a son of King of the Pontiacs and a daughter of Pontiac Korndyke; Mercena De N‘Ijlander No. 149013, out of a son of Pontiac De Nijlander (35 lbs); Sire Mina Korndyke No. 129169; King Hartog Elze. vere No. 70642; Vale Piebe Paul De Kol No. 44073; Ordello Lyons 2d’s Count No. 35419; VVoodcresi: De Kol Lad No. 45103; Elzevere King of Butter Kings No. 71595. GET YOUR CATALOG AND COME TO THIS SALE. There will be attractive offerings for the discriminating breeder able to pay any price, for him who de< sires to get. started in pure-bred cattle at a moderate price, and for him who has grade cattle and recognizes the profit in using a pure-bred sire. Our herd of Durocs has Boar Pigs and Yearling: For Sale. H. W. “WM”. . OWNEA J. “BULLY” . . Choice Holstein bulls. $80 up, Senior Herd Sire Long Junior Herd Sire is as good. lllle Pnrmctod Jersey Cattle. Bail onlyel from R of M. Cows. also heifer oslven and several bred Colon O. Lillie. Ooopersville. Mich heifer: for sale. Two registered Jerseys bull calvesflplen- i FN’ Sal: did individn am. Good isms. Pat-pa to sell. Long Veiw Farm. R. 3,Box 10A. Rochester, Mich. ‘ OR sale. 2 yr. old bull out of a H. of M. don} record . F?) 9.8 lb. butter in one yr. sire Majesty‘s “under a B. of M. sire with 10 daughters in the R. of . Write FRED A. BRENNAN Her... 8%. Cllir 00. Jersey Cattle Club. Cnpac. Mich. 0R Sale~-Maple Lane R. of M. Jersey Herd ll. ofM. Fcows and their daughters all records 500 and ill) lbs. For sale bulls and bill calves out of these cows. IBVlN F0 . Allegaii, The Wildwood Jersey Farm i offers for sale choi‘cio 370111;“ bullsvivgrom R“. of M. damn, good to he. a. ' 0rd. 0 in“ e inspeo on. ("mug Alli/in BA LDEN, Oapue. Mich. , RegisterodJ'ersey bulls, I FOR SALE Mtur service. SMITH and PARKER. K. 4, Howell, Mich. ' A ure bred Jersey bull calf dropmd .‘ For Sale 9.23., 23d ll. splendid Jersey. Price 54') registered and transform . — Also pure bred Hampshire (or breeding :15 ten weeks old. pigs L. H. CHEESEMAN. Waterford. Mich. Shor‘i‘liorii Came 01 both Sex for Sale W. Km}. Howell. HicMnn. . OR Sale—1m. Short Born Bull-\‘hy Merv-alters i F Monarch n can of Avomhlo. 9mm 1 to 12 incl. ‘ did. John Sch-i8. Reed City. I. No. 5. Michisn ’ . 3mm sunnmonis Mich. For Beef and Milk. " .' 5Bulls ready for lorries. 15 month to 2_years. for sale; also good Bootohdiopped cows and hei ere. Mod- egn. sanitary equipment. One hour from Toledo. Ohio. N. Y 0. R‘y. Visiton‘Wslcome. Write us. BIDWELL STOCK FARM Box 3. Tocumoeh, Po ickigun. —Dsirrdr beef bred Rascal stock all . ' Ilmlhorns “a. tomb crumbs. prices. W.Cruni. Sony. Cont. Itch" Worn Drudcu’ _.. Icarus. lich. vSI-IORTHORNS W3 lisdffififféogi”?3; sole. J. E. Ton-well. Milan. Wm n ll " rt ‘ for sale. 5 bulls Scotch to 10 to Mimosa kgoaliigwi' 1 red. 8150. £0858. lune! Max- ulton Suit mos. ‘30. C. Carlson. Lem . Mich the original milk strain young\ ‘. ‘ lites Short TONIC bulls 8 mos. old forsale. Price 3150 to 3200. J. B. HUMMEL. Mich. M $1 tom _ can... enable. _ ‘ooLL‘lit ofififmm RCIlSlel'Cd 5|],ng Ii! 11 (3‘31! £15605. hm w»- ‘ . » 'fiWfi II a. mi Mason. . BROOKWATER FARM » Ann Arbor. Mich, R. 7. ‘ BARGAINS at Long Beach Farm, Augusta, Mich. 4 to 14 mo. old. from A. R. 0. daughters from noted families; Our Beach DeKol Kormiyke has . B '. nd 12001b.dsu hter of Poutaic Aaggie DLKOI Butter 0) a. Our igllustrated booklet tells all. ‘ Dumc ' 0. F. FOSTIR. MANAGER 5 30 lb. Sisters. is a son of Friend ilengerveld Koriidyke, she has 13 30 lb. sister: Our ' Shorthorn calves sired by Diamond Kins lammnd 2nd. 410475. both sexes 8150. Twenty cows 325410805. WM. J. HELL. Rune City.'Mich. For Sale Shorthorns BullsGmo. to LLyearl old from 00d milking (-owu. TLR. Clyde Station. .J. DeGnrmo. 1L. 6. Milford. lich. HEREFllllllS ALLEN BROS. ‘PAw PAW, MICH. Meadow Brook llerfesrds T1702 yr. old bulls. 3 yen-lines and 1.’ a l ' f l . max. 0. McCARTY hiiilfiefiffcii bothse’xes. he d 7 t - Shorthorns 10 no mailed fife-eela “ CHARLES R. HORR E. Hart. Miclr. HOBTHORNS. Butterfly Sultan. half hr ithe ' t Slnternationnl Sr. Champion. in service. li‘nr along bulls.cows.and haulers. W.B.MoQuillan,Howell.Mi<-h. . Cattle For Sale Loads feeders Ind two loads yearling steers. Also can show you any number 1. 2 and 3 years old tron 600m 1200““. Isaac Shanstum. Fair-field. Iowa. li-ii. The Fairfield Stock and breeders. Merry Maids, In the offering are quality. lot of cattle and horses. 40 - - SHORTHORNS 7--Percheron Mares --7 l--Yearling Belgian Stallion --1 To ‘Be Sold at Monday, Noyember 19th, 1917 This lot of Shorthorns made up of 8 young bulls, are the kind that will The females are of the good milking kind With beef qualities as well. This lot of cattle are practically H. B. Peters, using as sires such bulls Lad by Imp. Lord Baiiff, Whitehall Master by Whitehall Sultan, Dalmerry King and Fandango by Avondale, and such families as V illagc Maids, hiayflower, Chloris and Rosebud and others. heavy with calf, 12 yearling open heifers, 8 two-. year olds, bred, and 8 young bulls of lierd heading Be on hand sale day and see this timid Write for a, catalooz Auctioneers: Carey M. Jones and others. H. B. PETERS, Prop., Carland, Mich. R. R. Station, Elsie Farm, Elsie, Mich. 32 females and attract farmers all bred by as Lavender Victoria, Dewdrops, IQ cows. with calves or DUROC BoAllS AND 'lh_8 biggest. longest. growthlest and best Sping ours. Blast fall boars by Pansrna $623. This fall's boars 82“, pair, not NEWTON BARNHAHT. SGWS bred of Special nkiii 340. St. Johns, Mich. Spring (‘iltsand fall boar pigs of the lin- DUI'OC est bleeding. E. E. CALKINS. Longacres, R. 6. Ann Arbor, Mich. A few good mules sired by Joe Orion 2nd ”line: Dam by Orion 0:. Kin Ji .FLEJING. Luke. Mich. Spring slits and Durocdersey mu m... em...- sex. 1.1). HEYDENBERK, Wayland. Mich. ' UBOCS of good quality and breeding. yearling and springdiigs of A ril furrow. priced cheapfor quick sale. H. . KEES ER. Ciissopolis, Mich. If in need of a big zrowtliy spring ”unoc Bud": boar at a reasonable price. Write at once. RUBH BROS. Romeo. Kit-h. UBOUS for sale. 1 fall bear, 7 Spring boars, good breeding. “'rite for description and prices. J. D. CRANE & SON. Plainwell. Mich. Duroc Jersey: Erin good spring pig: for salt. CAREY U. EDMONDB. Hnstingn. Mich. l urm- Jerseys-«boars of the large hcnvy boned type. Prize winning stock, prices reasonable, type and breeding considered, also gilts bred to Junior (‘ham- piou hour for spring furrow. F..l. "wilt, R l, Hum-we, Mich. Pleasant View Durocu. boars and wills of April and July fai‘row sired by Principal XIV 814m ready to ship. lnspuctioii iinited Vi'.(‘.liurl'ingaiiie&Smi,larslisil.l1ich. U BUGS Orion Chief Perfection No. CW5. and. Jen nings Pilot Wonder No.73373. Two outstuiidi pg boom of big typo and excellent. quality. All selects large type smooth sows. Thrifty. smooth. large boned sprin- gilts from these herd boats and choice sows at very reasonable prices. The Jennings Farms. Bailey,Mich. noes. . ' SWlC-ARTDALE BEBKSHIBES We are offering a few very desirable gilts and bear igs. All will be of ood size for bre in and service by ec- ember lat. Thong we have not pushed them the have made about 1 lb. per day for eir age. We do not claim to have the cheapest in price but we do claim to have the best in quality and type. swrsininns ml PETERSBU-RG. MICHIGAN mwuy‘ One Yearling thzufifigg a}. R. BAMBI. East suing. Mich. ‘ d iltsbred to Eureka Che in Eggs :l‘insgn Critic son of Critic Mfiefmls chenipionlonn sir. ' ,W. 0. Taylor. Milan. Mich. " .qtte ;. Metered 8 ring Basis. tried 5?.“ sail in? ream “sirens; W c ' , Big Type O. l. C 8. Stock of all ages for sale. We showed at four state fairs and won more championeiand Grand Champions than all the other breeders together double, we were Premier Breeder and Exhibtor at every fair we show- ed. We Breed the best. We sell the best. We Guaran- tee them to be the best. Write your wants. Get our Catalogue. We ship an approval. . CRANDELL and SON, Cass City, Mich. Raise Chester Whites 2 Like This ‘ the origins! big prod s. I. ssnunnn 3,1930. "aluminium Erénsi'rna was use it. e. forule.- sigma was asw‘eam‘mrmm xiii “new We ' redeem " . . . « : ' ’ I} L ‘. '1» 1:": . Bred Gilt» all sold. Special price. on CheSters March boars. slsoiinionths Htil;teln Bull. F. W. ALEXANDER, Vassar. Mich. BOARS Big growthy fellows. The kind that pleases. I ship C. 0. I). and pay express. J. CARL JEWETT, Mason,Mich. An extra line lot of last spring 0- l. 0 pigs. either sex and not akin, from 600d, growthy stock. Farm ,‘u’ mile west of depot. tto B. Schulle. - - - - thvilie. Mich. 0. l. C. & CHESTER WHITE SWINE. Strictly big type with quality. Have a choice lot of boa-rs (it for early service. These hours will be sold worth the money. Also have some fine gilts. I will shiX (l. U. D. NEWM 'NS STOCK FARM. R. l. Mariette, Mich. 0 ' c Choice Spring boars and gilts out of prize - - 0 winning stock. A'l stock guaranteed. The long bodied and Bigrlloned ti po. Write for photo and low prices. A. . HA'I‘T, Grass Lake. Mich. O I C Boars, long bodied. with quality, for fall 0 ‘ ‘ service. l'ew registered. ext ra lino. Shropshireewe lambs. G. l'. Andrews, Dansi'ille, Mich O l C’s. A few prim- winniiig gills at Michigan ' ' ' State Fair: also Aug. Sept. pigs of the bout blood lines. Clover Leaf Sim-k Farm. Monroe, Mich. O I Am offering some good boom of Msy far e - 0 row and full pigs either sex. 0. J. THOMPSON. Rockford. Mich. Bis lino aatMactory. Big Type Poland Chinas. We are offering a few S ring Roars by that Great Thou sand Pound Grand hnmpion Boar. HILLCREST WONDER. from sows by our (ii-eat Herd sire, HILL< CR EST DEFENDER. some of them rent herd bead- ers. “'0 have live gilts by llTLLCll '1‘ COM MAN- iililfl. July 13m furrow. that will make ('rakerjsck brood sows lit 825 (mvh, for ( nit-l: sale HILLCHJCS l‘ FARM. kolamazoo. Poland China, Apr. boars. sire and damn from: Milli-lb. .tock: can be returned if not B. W. MILLS. Saline, Mich. Michigan. BOARS--SOWS Big typo bi ' bone. ' For the next I) days we will sell Big ty P9 and (‘hinm at barpnin prices. A ril boar weigh 1).“ $00.11). Open uiltn. Summer and all pigs eve'ryt 1‘1}? gv‘es. Get busy. J. C. LBR, Portland, MichmmBell Phone. ARGF‘. Typo P. C. Largest in Mich. 8 tin Bo . ready to ship. The kind that make . 00:19 :11: see the real his trip. kind. Expeime pdd it notes represented. Free ivery from Parma. W. E. LIVINGSTON. Pug. Mum. n' I ' . April and Mar igs. heal- yps Poland Chum. a. and wtli :p - .35... L. w. BARNES a son? iiyron."i‘iich.y "c“ ARGE’Py P. 0. Some growth rln B d LGilts y to ship. some and sgeBEhonf. F919;: :lilv- ery from Augusta. W. J. Hagolshaw. Augusta. Mich. ° ] r dmedi t. . Poland Chmas rnzs’i... tof‘é‘MIl’t'. of stock. P. 1). Long. B. 8. Grand Rapids. Mich. u ‘- w who-Immense ship. buy “65' C. W. HOLTON. KL AMAZ . GEN. ARGE Type P. 0. Some 0d spring boars up lo '09 it Its. o n or d 270 lbs. Will also H re . FIll‘plgl ready to chip. m. J. Clarke. .7. M mulch. Milkmen! Stock Ads: Oflfi’Pi". It” .- I? ' To the the bee surface”: smoothing? glass - - If you ever get a chance to see the surface of a trac- tor bearlng under the microscope, by all means do so. Under the microscope a bearing surface look: like a plowed field. You see a succession of peaks furrows. Now imagine your tractor working. What happens? Surfaces By degrees the snug fit becomes a loose fit. You tighten up the bear— But the wear keeps up. Again comes the Finally the bearings must be renewed. Then comes a “knock." ings. Hknock.” are in motion. Your tractor is idle. It will cost you $30 to $50 for new bearings plus the cost of installing them. you will And in addition be losing money throrgh work tied up while your tractor is idle. The bearing requirements constitute one of thef tat tors \\ liicn the Vacuum and Unless protected by a correct film of lubricating oil these microscopic peaks of metal meet and rub. The engine power overcomes this resistance, but tiny particles of metal grind OH. 611110115 But the microscope reveals 1t: roughness. that costly knock How scientific lubrication cuts-down wear on tractor been”. Oil Company 5 engineers considei in determining the correct grade of Gargoyle Mobiloils for each make and model of tractor. Gargoyle Mobiloils “used as specified effectively cushion the bearing surfaces and meet the most severe demands of service and heat. With Gargoyle Mobiloils you postpone indefinitely, expensive “."knocks Begin now to protect your bearings. Experience has proved the rect tractor lubrication. ._ Note down the grade of Gargoyle Mobiloils specified for your tractor. these economies : A grade for each type of motor 83 (4) Increased power Lessened engine wear (I) Lowered fuel consumption Lowered oil consumption Chart of Recommendations (shown below) a scientific guide to cor- . This oil in use will yield Gargoyle Mobiloils are put up in 1- and 5-gallon Jealed cans, ‘in realed 15- 30- and 55-gallon steel tainer. drums, and in wood half-barrels and barrels. In buying Gargoyle Mobiloils from your dealer, it is safest to purchase in original pack- ages. Look for the red Gargbyle on the con- For information‘kindly address in- quiry to our nearest office. Write for Correct Lubrication booklet containing complete Chart and other valuable data . CORRECT TRACTOR LUBRICATION Explanation : —— The four grades of Gargoyle Mobiloils for tractor lubrication, purified to remove free carbon, are: ‘ Gargoyle Mobiloil “Arctic’ Gargoyle Mobiloil “A" Gargoyle Mobiloil “B” Gargoyle Mobiloil “BB" 111 the Chart below, the letter opposite the tractor indicates the grade of Gargoyle Mobiloils that should be used. For example, "A” means‘ Gargoyle Mobiloil “A”, ”Arc" means Gargoyle Mobiloil “Arctic", etc. 110111115011 1917 1916 1915 locals-or ,1917 1916 1915 110111130!" 1917 1916 . 1915 . . ,. I t! k! ' - t3 morons g g g g g g rmcrons a g g a g .‘é morons g 5 1i 3 g a u) 3 m B m B m k (D 3' 3 k. k _ ,_‘. i B 'A A A -AllJa -Dover( uareTum......... BB A BB A WomCity ......................... B A A Arc A An: Wilson. ...... . .................... 183 A .- Allis-ugialmers...s.‘i ......... ) ....... BB- A A A A A “ (HeavyDuty).. B A BLA OilPull' ....... ,....._ ............... BBBA R A R 2 AllWork .......................... B A B A A A Ford (Minneapolis) ................ '. BB A B A Pane“ ............. 4.... .......... . A A’ A A' Andrews ........................... B B A A GasPull ........................... B A .B A B A» Peoria: ........ ........... B33 3 A B A Aultrna'n- Taylor ......... . .......... B A A A A A Grain Belt ......................... BB A ..,. Ptpnea' ..... . ........ ........ 'B 2 BB A \ , 1. (18 36) ............. BB A 'A A“ Gray .............................. BB A B A“ A A Plow ‘ ..................... B A BB A .... ...: ' very ............................. B A B A B A HappyFarmer ..................... B A ...,,.. PlowMan... ...................... iii? A ......., 1" (5-10HP) .................... A A A Arc....,.,. “ “ (Model B) B A ...” Pen 4....“ ....................... VB A 'AHA'HA‘H'A.‘ x" (Louisville) ............ » ...... BB A 1313.11 BB A HartParr ------------------------- 3 A B A B A Rm“. 4" """"" ' """"" B .A A A a, BatesSteelMule ................ . B A Heider ----------------------------- BB A B A A A 1.3"“- """""""""""" ‘A BB A an ‘A Best B A B A B A Herbert ............................ BB A (8-16) ........ . ............. BB 1: A m A m A .A A A Holt Caterpillar .................... B A VB A. A A, u ............................ B » B A B A a A ' (Model45)....,.....BB.A. BB A _ (LittleFovr) ...... , ......... BB A 'KHKHKHKi A A A Are A Arc “ " (Modelis) .......... BB A “Sky . 2 . BowerCity ........................ B A B A Huber ............................. BB A B A B A. | A .AiArciAhxlio. Buckeye (Ohio) ..................... BB A B A B A Hume ............................. BB A B A A A A .33 A . ... (Indiana) ................ BE A BB A Impenleorty B A B A B A . a A 1; 1A " (G1antBaby) (Indiana) ..... B A B A ngeco A .A [A A' IA. 3 A A A» .......................... B 1A B A B A, Joliet..‘..‘.'.'.‘.".TT‘ .................. A A A A; A ‘A A A L “ (9-18) ....................... A A i K.C PrairieDog ................... BB A B A A A 'A 33‘ A . “ two) .......... ...-“.... A A A A K' e ......................... BB A B A A A; .A A «A ." ilk-25) ....................... BB A B A B A Lion .................. . ............ 33 A B A A -A _ _ A. B A ‘x'1x' (20-40) ....................... BB A B A B a LittleChief ........................ BB A BB-A_.....,... C“ A. It .5 ‘A use”... ......................... BB A B A A A Little Giant .................. ' ...... BB A A A A A, (MOdel ‘5) --------------- BUB-B A1114", 3 m Commonsense ............ . ........ BB A A A A A Maytag._ ............ a .............. BB A ‘BB A W:llis(Cub)..........., ........... A A 3' A :3 ‘A C.O.D ................. ....... BB -A A' Arc A Am 36' lis ........................ 13 A 13 A B A WaterlooBoy-w ------------------- 33 A j 1 . Corn-Belt ........ .,.~...‘1..... ..... BB A B A B A l‘. ....... .1 ................... BB A BB A ...‘..... thlta:..... ...................... 33 A -1;-:-ub‘~u:::~ Creepinth-ipufiéfi ............ “in i 2 ii: iii A ”“1 ($115M! ................... £3 a $13: . .. Ymmn” A A. Km; ‘ Emerson-Brant . . c Arc 0111c mversa ............ ...... , >--- . u a 1 1 .1. FarmHorsemi‘ig..., .......... B .A B A NiehghkShepard ..... ....... 38 A A Arc A‘Arc . 4. VACUUM OIL COMPANY Rochester,,N. Y., U. Sr‘A.’ Domenic Krone-he: .- Detroit Specialists-i1: the manufacture of high-grade lubricant: for every class of machinery Philadelphia New York a— Mitmeapol is , Boston ‘ Chicago “Kansas City, .Kan’. m4 Obtainsble everywhere in the world Pittsburgh Des M9ine‘s ' misfit—H Indianapolis ' wan Wan-ow 3 1 i 1 l l i l l 1 jy‘ 1,1,1}