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The. Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

$355133??qu . DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JANUARY 12, 1918 311-00 A ”M


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ume' ofpowdery muck by placing these


“ ' DEvorED j

. ‘ TO

MICHIGAN


voLUME CL.


. 19031.15”:


w‘ngy/EEKLY


9 d9 ”RMﬁa/vl,


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511.5”5


_A Practical Journal for the Rural Family


QUALITY

RELIABILITY

SERVICE


NUMBER T W0


' E farmers are agreed that more

W per acre is our problem, rather

The big fac-

tor in “more per acre” is humus. The

purpose of this article is to urge, as a

war measure, the use of part of the

large resources of organic matter in

this state—namely, the'peat and muck


_deposits for replenishing the humus


of our deficient soils.


One of the keenest thinkers in Mich~

igan, a farmer of farmer stock as far

back as he can trace, makes this most

signiﬁcant statement:


“You cannot pound the farmer on the

back. "


The efﬁciency committees who were

going to speed up production, speed up

the farmer, have learned that lesson.

It is a prinCiple that the men who have

dared question the patriotism of the

farmer should learn.


Farmers Are Naturally Conservative.


The farmer does not grasp big na-

tional issues quickly. Our farmer folk

are naturally conservative. The lack

of contact with other opinions, with

the spirit of the issue which one feels

in the ofﬁces, on the street, and at play

in the city, makes them so.


'We note, however, that the farmer

plants potatoes in a war year, loses,

swallows the pill, pays the bill—for his

country.‘


He plants beans in a war year, beans

get wet, and ‘he pays the canning com-


, panies for the water in his wet beans


-—for his country, even while the gov-

ernment pays the canning company

for the same water.


I mention this merely to point out

that the farmer must be conservative,

He' has been forced to be slow to take

up a new idea; he is slow to change

his habits of thought, he is slow to

change his farming methods. You can-

not just tell him to do so and so, you

must show him, prove to him, demon-

strate completely, tell him the “why"

Of your new plan when it has to do

with his livelihood and his existence.


This implies a knowledge of funda-

He will not spray until he

knows what he is spraying for. He

will not change his methods to add hu-

mus, to conserve organic matter until

he knows what its for, the details be-

hind the proposition. He will learn and

do accordingly, but—“you cannot pound

the farmer on the back.”


An Old Idea.

The use of peat for increasing the


' organic matter content in our soils is


not a. new proposition. I thought so

when I conceived the idea for my farm

and convinced myself that it was a

good practice. But, looking back into

what others had done, I found the fol-

lowing statement, made in 1883 by Dr.

R.‘ C. Kedzie, of our own Michigan Ag-

ricultural College, recognized as a

world authority in agricultural chem-

.istry:


“In most parts of the state there are

If barnyard


materials in alternate layers, and then

turning the compost by shoveling it

all over once in the spring, a month


before it goes to garden or ﬁeld, you


will have double the volume of manure,

scarcely inferior to well-rotted barn-

yard manure. Such composting is not


- aprocess. cf dilution or watering, but a


’dition ,of manurial mat-


By EZRA LEVIN


Extension Specialist in Muck Crops, M. A. C.


cent) as well-rotted manure, but this

nitrogen is mostly in the inert or in-

active form. By compo-sting with ba'rn-

yard manure the active fermentation

of the animalized matter induces fer-

mentation of the muck, and some of

the inert nitrogen is made active; any

ammonia set free in the fermenting

manure will be absorbed by the muck,

and loss by leaching of the soluble

salts will be prevented by the same

muck. Prof. Gulley tried this method

of composting at the college, and stout-

ly affirmed that he got as active ma-

nure and twice the quantity by com-

posting with muck.”


A Voice from the Last Century.


Imagine my surprise when I found

this note, appearing in the Journal of

the Board of Agriculture, London, Au-

gust, 1916, by F. E. Weiss, University

of Manchester:


“It is not usual to review a publica-

tion issued a hundred years ago, but


and with as good a knowledge as was

available at the time of the process of

putrefaction as observable in the de-

cay of animal and vegetable matter.

Recognizing in the deposits of peat the

accumulation of vegetable matter in a

state of partial decay, the author noted

that in‘ its natural state further putre-

faction was inhibited, and be supposed

that this was due to the evolution of

tannin and gallic acid which had been

detected in it. “Peat,” as our author

tells us, “when taken out of a. bog is

certainly not manure. If dried, it be-

comes fuel, and so remains if kept dry.

But if exposed to the vicissitudes of

the atmosphere in our climate, it be-

comes, in the course of years, a sort

of vegetable mould; .and, if mixed with

the soil and cultivated, raises good

crops of potatoes and other vegeta-

bles.”

Speeding Up Nature.

How to accelerate this process was


Compost Piles of


Experimental work being carried on by the Bacteriological Department of


the Michigan Agricultural College, to determine the germ activities and de-

composition phenomena in different mixtures of muck and manure.


the interest which has been taken in

the Manchester scheme for manufac-

turing bacterized peat may serve as

an excuse for drawing attention to a

pamphlet published in 1815, and hear-

ing the title, “Directions for Preparing

Manure from Peat.” The anonymous

author had already previously printed

and distributed in the form of a tract

his discovery that common peat was

convertible into a putrescent manure,

equally powerful as farm yard dung

for the cultivation of ordinary crops,

giving instructions for conducting and

accomplishing the process requisite for

that purpose. The author, a large

landed proprietor in Scotland, having

occasion to scoop out from a hollow a.

quantity of peat moss in order to pro-

vide a space £01; a small artiﬁcial lake,

found-himself in a difﬁculty when fac-

ed with the problem of disposing of the

mass of peat‘thus obtained, and being

of a shrewd and practical turn of mind

he tried a variety of experiments with

a view of. converting it into a manure.

The experiments were undertaken. in

a truly71'scientiﬁc spirit, with a casein

. .,.


Peat and Manure.


the object of his experiments extend-

ing over six or seven years. He ﬁrst

tried the effect of mixing the peat with

substances .that ~wou1d neutralize its

acidity; but peat mixed with lime for

twelve months and used as a top-dress-

ing did no good for several years. He

next mixed the peat with various forms

of decaying vegetable and animal mat-

ter, and found that the putrefaction of

these substances was communicated to

the peat, setting up fermentative activ-

ity indicated by the rise in temperature

and resulting in the production of a

rich compost, very effective in the rais-

ing of crops. In the earlier experi-

ments he used such substances as the

refuse of ﬁsheries, shamble dung, etc.,

and in 1802 he had already announced

a successful experiment by which he

produced ten tons 6f rich compost from

peat made up with shavings of timber

and the carcass of a horse, partly with,

and partly without the addition of

some old lime rubbish. The method he

advocates in the pamphlet of 1815 as

the simplest and most useful to farm-


are, however. is the mixing of peat .


an We Use Peat for Making Humus?


dinary farmyard manure. The peat

should be allowed to dry for a few

months before carting.

spreading a layer of'six inches of peat,

about ten inches of dung may be plac-r

ed above the peat, then another six

inches of peat, followed by four or ﬁve

of: dung. After a third layer of peat

and dung, the whole should be covered _

with peat, making a heap about four

to four and a half feet in height. In

mild weather, seven cartloads of toler-

ably fresh farm yard dung is sufﬁcient-

for twenty-one cartloads of peat moss,

but in cold weather a larger propor-

tion of dung is required. It is useful

to add about half a load of slacked

lime, about a load of ashes, but neither

of these is essential. When the com-

post is thus made up it gets into heat

in summer in less than a fortnight. If

it gets too hot, it should be turned over

and in doing this a little more peat

can be added to the heap. When the,

heat subsides, it will be found that a.

very perfect compost has been formed,

all the lumps of peat having been brok—

en up. Used weight for weight, it will

be found quite as good as farmyard

manure.


Peat made up with seaweed heats,

and appears to undergo the same

changes as when prepared with dung.

It has proved equally efﬁcacious in rais-

ing wheat, but does not promote such

early ripening of the grain. Made up

in this latter way, two natural products

which are usually allowed to go to

waste may be used for enriching our

crops, and where both are easily 0b-

tainable, advantage should be taken of

their accissibility.


A Plan Adapted to Present Needs-


Our author’s experiments proved

successful, and his directions were cir-

culated by many large Scottish land

owners, among their tenants. It would

be interesting to know to what extent

the practice was adopted, and to what

extent it has been kept up in Scotland.

The growing scarcity of dung whichlis

likely to increase with further develop-

ment of mechanical methods of trac-

tion, may resuscitate this discovery of

a bygone age, at all events in those

districts in which peat can. be had,

practically for the cost of cartage.

Apart from this possibility, it is not

without interest to ﬁnd that experi-

ments made so long ago as the com-

mencement of the last century showed

without doubt that peat, consisting as

it does, of partially decayed vegetable

debris, contains the basis of valuable

plant food, and if the latter can be ren-

dered available to plants may become

a useful manure.


In all probability, in the method rec-

ommended by our author, the acidity

of the peat becomes neutralized by the

ammonia contained in the dung, while

decay—producing bacteria may percolate

into the peat in addition to those nor-

mally contained in it, but whose activ-

ity is inhibited by the presence of hu-

mic acid.


In very much the same way, the peat.

in Chat-Moss has been in the course of

years transformed into a rich black

soil of great fertility. Drained of tits

acid waters and neutralized with lime,


'it has been further enriched, both in


nutrient matter and in decay-producing

bacteria, by the addition of sewage, and

has thus been rendered capable of pro-

moting vigorous growth of crops,"

With these fae


Then after -.
, The Michigan 'Farmer

Established 1843. Copyright 1618.


. . N


The Lawrence Publishing (,0.

Editors and Proprietors


39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit,


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Michigan


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FRANK A. W ILK Editors


EV..

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Canadian subcription 51c a year ex ra tor postage.


RATES OF ADVERTISING


, 45 cents per line agate type, measurement, or $6.30 I‘

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- Member Standard'Farm Pa rs Association and

Audit Bureau of C rculatlon.


Entered as second class matter at the Detroit. Mich-


' 1 7 ‘ 'T H a Mien 1 on


tisticai position of this year’s potato

crop as the largest in the history of the

country, there will be a demand at

good prices for the entire crop during

the normal period of consumption.

While available ﬁgures showing the

distribution by rail indicate that the

great bulk of the crop yet remains in

growers’ hands, yet it is undoubtedly

a fact that a very considerable portion

of the crop was moved marketward by

other than rail routes, as local ship-

ments by electric roads and over im-

proved highways by auto truck.


While there is no question that the

unusual percentage of frosted stock

has been an unfavorable market inﬂu-

ence, also the inequitable operation of

the new provision for standard grades

as applied by dealers through a too

wide price differential between ﬁrst

and second grade stock, yet themain

diﬂiculty in the movement of the Mich-

igan crop has been lack of adequate

transportation facilities. Under gov-

ernment operation of the railroads this


1N:


condition will probably be considerably

relieved at an early date. There is

need, however, for further official ac-

tion that the potato situation may be

cleared up in such a manner as to not

only provide for an adequate move-

ment of the crop, but at a price which

will be compensatory to growers, to the

end that next year’s acreage may not

be curtailed.


The problem before the Food Admin-

istration is not an easy one, but in the

interest of the country, it should be

solved as above indicated, even if it

becomes necessary to appeal to con-

gress for a price guarantee or estab-

lish practical price control through the

purchase of any apparent excess pro-

duct and the drying of same for army

use. This would be no hardship to

consumers who are now paying a price

for potatoes which should insure a

compensatory price to the grower for

sound stock. With the distributing

machinery under its control, the Food

Administration should ﬁnd an ade-

quate remedy for the condition above

noted.


igan, post ofﬁce.


DETROIT, JANUARY 12, 1918


CURRENT COMMENT.


A number of factors have

combined to make the

present potato situation

an unsatisfactory and dis

couraging one for growers, particularly

' in the northern sections of the state

' where the car shortage prevented any

considerable shipment of potatoes dur-

ing the early part of the season. In

the lower part of the state where the

shipping facilities were somewhat bet-

ter, and where storage facilities are

more ample, the situation is not so

serious as in the northern portion of

the state where the farmers increased

their pctato acreage as the best avail-

able means of helping to increase the

country’s food supply this year.


In View of the effort made to in-

crease acreage on the part of both the

federal and state governments, these

farmers felt assured that they would

receive a compensatory price for their

product after it had been grown. But

the pronounced lack of transportation

facilities'during the early part of the

season when a portion of their crop

might have been moved at good prices,

and a later lessening of demand and

slump in market prices, largely be-

cause of excessive frost damage in

many sections, left them with their en-

tire cr0p on hand, and unable to realize

the expected income from their sea-

son’s work. In many cases where no

other storage was available, these po-

tatoes are in pits, where they must re-

main until spring. In other cases, es-

pecially in sections where there was

damage from frost or drouth, a con-

siderable portion of the crop is not

salable under the No. 1 standard grade

‘ which is being enforced by the Food

Administration, and the fact that deal-

ers are offering only sixty per cent of

the ﬁrst grade price for No. 2 stock

largely keeps them off the market.


i'These conditions have been brought

Vito the attention of government ofﬁcials

‘y at Washington, with the result that a

lepnference of national and state food

administratOrs is being held this week,

' 1th a View of formulating a plan to

ieve these conditions. ‘ L

,Thér'e' ,is a very general feeling

all informed students of the

3 , t, notmthstanding the sta-


The Potato

_ Situation.


~ The appeal addressed


Stabilizing the to milk producers by


Milk-Supply. the secretary of their


association for practi-


cal cooperation in stabilizing the mar-


ket milk supply in the Detroit area


again brings up a point of issue be-


tween milk producers and distributors

of milk in urban centers.


In order to be sure of an adequate

milk supply in periods of scant produc-

tion it is necessary for‘the distributors

to purchase and divert to other uses

a large surplus in times of ﬂush pro-

duction. The readjustment of milk

prices in the Detroit area following a

period of scant production due in part

to unfavorable natural conditions and

largely to the"high cost of production

due to the unprecedented cost of feed

stuffs has been followed by a period of

liberal production due to the better

feeding of recently freshened cows,

thus again raising the old problem of

the disposition of a surplus supply.

Fortunately, much of this supply can

now be diverted to other uses at a min-

imum loss because of the unprecedent-

ed demand for condensed milk and oth-

er whole milk products. The surplus

milk cannot, however, be proﬁtably

used in the manufacture of butter or

cheese at the price established for

market milk, thus making the problem

of the disposition of the surplus a difﬁ-

cult one where it cannot be diverted to

the uses above mentioned.


Secretary Reed has wisely referred

to this problem as one in which produc-

ers as well as distributors are interest-

ed. Its solution will be sufﬁciently

difﬁcult if the produEers in the Detroit

area work together toward that end.

Without general cooperation, however,

it will be impossible, as Secretary Reed

has pointed out. General curtailment

of production will not solve the ques-

tion, since such a move would‘make

the shortage m


..t.


, -‘~.:ii.'l.l.‘..i.l.’l


ore prenodncedffin‘ 'the:


short seasons as well as relieve the

surplus in flush seasons. Standardiza-

tion of production in market milk dis~

tricts which will make production fair-

ly even throughout the year or which

will adapt itself to the more or less

constant variation in demand would ap-

pear to be the best remedy. This is

clearly work for the milk producers’

organization and can be accomplished

if at all only through practical cooper-

ation of a united membership including

all shippers of market milk within each.

market milk area.


That the serious

fuel shortage that

has been felt in

all sections of the country is largely

occasioned by the entry of the United

States into the war was shown by the

testimony of Fuel Administrator Gar-

ﬁeld before the senate sub-committee

investigating the fuel shortage last

week. According to this testimony, the

production of anthracite coal for 1917

was estimated at 84,000,000 tons, or

an increase of about 11,000,000 tons

over 1916., Bituminous coal mined in

the United States during 1917 approx-

imated 552,770,400 tons, or 50,000,000

tons more than the previous year.

From these ﬁgures, it will be seen

that there is a total increase of about

61,000,000 tons with which to ﬁll the

increased demand of 100,000,000 tons.

Most of this extra demand has appear-

ed since April last, when the United

States entered the war, and is largely

for the needs of the government, in-

cluding the navy, munitions plants and

public utilities supplying power and

transportation to war industries and

war materials.


It will at once be seen that notwith-

standing an increased production of

some 60,000,000 tons, the balance of the

100,000,000 tons of the increased de—

mand must‘be provided in some other

manner. There is no other way ex-

cept through a saving in coal. Such a

saving can perhaps be best affected

in country districts where there is a

supply of available timber for ﬁrewood,

which accounts for the small distribu-

‘tion of coal in rural districts by the

fuel administration, and the constant

urging of widespread substitution of

wood in all localities where a supply

is available. -


This is a hardship which should be

borne as cheerfully as possible in view

of the war necessity with which we are

confronted. Where wood is available

for fuel, the suffering occasioned by a

shortage of fuel in centers of popula-

tion will at least be avoided, although

the hardship and inconvenience of its

use will often be considerable as com-

pared with the use of coal were same

available. Any contribution which we

can make toward the speeding up of

needed preparation for winning the

war should, however, be willingly made

to the end that the period in which

such sacriﬁces may be necessary may

be shortened.


The Fuel Shortage.


Our leading article this

The Fertility week deals with a very

Problem.


_ soil fertility problem.

Experienced farmers know that physi-

cal condition is a very important fac-

tor in soil fertility. Supplementary fer-

tilization is much more effective on a

soil which is in good physical .cond-

ton, that is a soil which contains the

optimum amount of vegetable matter

or humus. Many Michigan Farmer

readers have in years past taken sufﬁ-

cient interest in the possibilities of us-

ing peat or muck to supply humus to

soils deﬁcient in vegetable matter to

make inquiry regarding same, and a

considerable number have experiment-

ed on their own farms along this line.


”The article above referred to is the

ﬁrst of a series dealing With this im-

portant question by a man who, from

training and experience is perhaps bet-

ter qualiﬁed to speak with authority on

this subject than any other man in the

state: 1 This" ‘ ”ﬁrst "article ' ;'


Lt


important phase of the'


appearing in‘


, "' I Hi‘._. »' '” Y

this issue is necessarily somewhat , , , ..

lengthy because of "the necessity” of I ’

dealing with the basic principles under-

lying the problem of supplying humus.

by the use of peat or muck. Other arti-

cles will deal with speciﬁc instances in

which experiments of this kind have

been conducted with success upon

Michigan farms.


Every reader who is so‘situated as

to have available a supply of peat or

muck which could be used for this pur-

pose but which is not available for oth-

er proﬁtable use should read these

articles with'care and preserve them

for future reference. The possibilities

in adding to the fertility of depleted

soils through the use of peat or muck

as a humus-making material are too

great to be lightly passed at a time

like the present when there is a great-

er demand for food stuffs of all kinds

than at any previous period in the his-

tory of modern agriculture. Michigan

is well supplied with the raw material

for increasing soil fer-tilty by this

means. Michigan farmers should in—

terest themselves in the study of this

problem which-Will be thoroughly an-

alyzed in this series 'of articles.


HAPPENINGS OF THE WEEK.


Foreign.


The European War.—-Germany’s in-

sistence on retaining Russian territory

over-run by her armies has apparently

led to an early ending of the peace par-

ley between the Central Powers and

Russia. The earlier announcement of

“no annexation nor indemnity” policy

by the Central Powers led the Russian

delegates to believe that the Central

Powers would agree to withdraw their

armies from all territory formerly be-

longing to Russia. It was therefore a

shock to them to learn German’s terms

which led to a counter demand that the

peace parleys be held on neutral soil,

with Stockholm, Sweden, suggested as

the place. To this Germany would not

consent, according to reports, and a

rupture. was created that will in all

probability terminate the attempt to

reach peace terms between the coun‘

tries to the armistice agreement. Japan

is said to have recognized the Bolshev-

iki government following the reported

break with Germany, and press re-

ports indicate that the United States is

likely to follow Japan’s lead—TRouman-

ia announces that she will keep up the

ﬁght against the Central Powers, re-

gardless of the attitude of Russia.—

Reports from Italy show that the fight-

ing of the invaders no longer shows the

intensity of a big offensive. Along the

upper ‘vPiave the Teutonic batteries

have been virtually silent for a week,

indicating a possible movement of the

forces to other points or a shortage of

ammunition. Weather conditions there

have been favorable to military opera-

tions, no heavy snows having fallen

thus far. Italy has adopted a drastic

policy to increase her ﬁghting forces.

Physical requirements have been modi.

ﬁed, and all men between the ages of

eighteen anf forty-four years previ-

ously exempted, are ordered to appear

for examination.——The British army

has made additional advances in Pales-

tine—Nothing of importance has trans

pired on the western front, except that

early this week British forces re—occu-.

pied trenches recently lost to the Ger- \

mans on the Cambrain front. Every ,i

evidence leads to the belief that a big

German drive will be made on the I, ' ..

western front at an early date. Gen ,4 _'

man aviators are now active photo- .

graphing territory behind the lines of ,.

the allied forces. Reports of American

ﬂiers attacking Germans at this work

show that the Yankee boys are becom.

ing effective in their work against the

Huns.


7 National.


Eighty-eight mines in the West Vir-

ginia coal ﬁelds have been forced to -

temporarily suspend operations for ,

lack of motive power, as the result of . ~ "

the burning of a power company’s gen-t

erator.


A heavy


fall of snow and strong

gales were general over the middle

western states on Sunday. Rail and

electric lines were obliged to practicals

1y suspend operation. In Chicago-the

drifts in some places reached aheight

of ﬁfteen feet, and all trafﬁc was at a

standstill; With the prevailingfuel .

shortage, many towns in the northern , . ,1.

states will suffer from the cold.

Military authorities at Camp Custer

deny the report that any mov’ement of

troops to Waco is contemplated. Train. 3 .

ing of. troops will be complet d in this ‘

state, as it would be imp ssible to

make arrangements to accommodate

.then'com‘panies at"-‘Waeo.' w Lift-9W 1}? ' ~
I“-..

1


1 . - .1


,' ~ ‘


. r


use. PEAT FOR MAKING

Humusr


(Continued from page 43).

sidering the success which farmers in

Michigan have had in utilizing ‘peat,

let us understand them in the light of

modern scientiﬁc knowledge.


The purpose of this series of articles

is to point out to the farmers of Mich-

igan the value of the muck and peat

deposits; the methods of handling to

be used for replacing the depleted or-

ganic matter in our soils.


Let us get at the bottom of this

thing and determine the purpose of or-

ganic matter, its relation to soil fertil-

ity, and the fundamental processes

which take place in the soil.


What is Organic Matter?


The plant takes the simple, individ-

ual elements from the broken rock in

the soil and the substances in the air

to build itself. Plants build themselves

from these simple elements into sug-

ars, fats, and meat-like substances.


A house cannot build itself.


Men, the power in their bodies; ma-

chinery, driven by engines; heat, pro-

duced from coal, made the house.


A plant can build itself because the

source of power, the energy which 'built

the plant, is the sunlight. Most of this

energy, this power, is stored up, ac-

cumulated, in the sugars, fats, and

meat-like substances which the plant

makes.


These plants are eaten by animals

which die and are returned to the soil

or the plants themselves are returned

to the soil. The remains of these .liv-

ing things fall back to the soil. This

residue, this stuff which eventually is

called upon to form the living plants

and animals again—this is organic

matter. '


To use a concrete example, consider

a clover plant.


When it dies, the clever may remain

in the stack and the air will burn it up

slowly, the elements from which it was

formed released to the soil and air. We

may turn'it under the ground and it

disappears rapidly. We say it has de-

cayed, rotted. We mean that the germs,

the bacteria and moulds have been

feeding on the clover plant. If the'clo-

ver plant is fed to a steer, the animal

breaks down most of this organic mat-

ter into the original simple substances

which the clover plant took from the

soil and air.


,The Role of Germs in Soil Fertility:


When the clover is turned under the

ground, the microbes, the germs, use

this organic matter for a similar pur-

pose. rlt is utilized in exactly the same

purpose by the germs of the soil as or-

ganic matter is used by the animal to

which it is fed.


The power, the energy which has

been stored up in the fats, oils and

meat-like substances by the sun is re-

leased and used so that the living thing

which feeds on them, be it a germ or

a steer, may grow, work and multiply

its kind.


Very well, we know the purpose for


"which a steer is produced. Now we'


want to know towhat end these germs

are working. Scientists, recently—only

within the last quarter-century—have‘

shown conclusively that the germs in

the soil are responsible for the prep-

aration of the plant food in the soil.”


Edward J. Russell, the great English

agricultural chemist says: “The close

connection between bacterial activity

and the nutrition of plants is, however,

fully justiﬁed by many experiments,

and forms the basis of our modern con-


,ceptiOn of the soil as a producer of


crops!“


, Germs break up the, organic matter

into the simple substances ,which be-'

come again the essential food stuffs for

plantsl 'The story of how the different

grdups of germ workers- recover the


~f"valuable nitrogen for us again is one

”of the wonders in the study of the liv-


a reﬁult of this great


quantities of carbon dioxide. This car-

bon dioxide is a gas which is released

as a waste product in the breaking

down of organic matter. It is produced

by all living organisms. This carbon

dioxide is one of the substances pro-

duced which has to do with making

available the so-called unavailable ele-

ments in the minerals of the soil. This

waste product hastens the weathering

of the rock particles and the conse-

quent release of nitrogen, phosphorus

and potash and lime contained in them.

Nitrogen-fixing Germs.


All of the nitrogen is not recovered

from the organic matter in the soil. A

part of this precious element is chang-

ed to the inert, unavailable gaseous

‘form and passes into the air. The air

is made up of close to eighty per cent

of nitrogen gas. Man has tried and

has ﬁnally discovered how to ﬁx this

nitrogen in the air into some available

form, but it is a costly and diﬁicult

process.


Yet we have only lately—in 1892—

discovered that there are wonderful

nitrate factories on the roots of the le-

gumes. The nodules on the roots of

clover and alfalfa are factories in

which the nitrogen of the air is made

available for the use of the plant. The

germs in these nodules are the work-

ers. Myriads, millions of workers, do-

ing this work for you. All they need is

a chance to do their work. They need

the proper conditions for growth and

multiplication. They need air and or-

ganic matter. They cannot grow un-

less there is an abundance of lime in

the soils, and of course, some of the

germs must be there in our soi'l. Thus


organic matter are precisely the condi-

tions which produce the best growth

of our farm crops.


The importance of organic matter in

changing the physical condition of

soils which can be appreciated by not-

ing this statement from Russell:


“So marked are these. physical ef-

fects that if ﬁfteen or twenty per cent

of organic matter is present in a soil

the operation of other factors ceases

to count for much, and the distinctions

between sands, loams and clays are

obliterated.”


Organic matter opens up the soil so

that the soil is better drained and

aerated. Organic matter increases the

water-holding capacity of the soil.

There is a relation between the num-

bers and types of germs and the mois-

ture content. Bound up closely with

this fact is the relationship between

germ activity and soil aeration, also

temperature.


Lime is Essential to Germ Growth.


No better illustration of the sensi-

tiveness of the germ groups in the soil

can be found than one which is familiar

to most progressive farmers. The ap~

plication of lime does produce import-

ant physical and chemical beneﬁts in

the soil. We also know that the germ


workers, the nitrogen workers, will not ,


grow if lime is not present. If the

nitrogen germs will not grow, the clo-

ver will not grow. This we have seen

time and time again. Furthermore,

the other beneﬁcial germs of the soil

are equally sensitive to the presence

of lime.


The reader has probably reassured

himself that this article is concerned


A Sheltered Place for the Water Tank


is Most Desirable.


you can see why we inoculate the soil

with a culture of nitrogen germ work-

ers. We get them from the bacterio-

logical department of the agricultural

college in a little bottle, or we get

them from our neighbor’s alfalfa ﬁeld.


Then there are the germs which take

nitrogen gas from the air and ﬁx it in

the soil without being attached to clo-

ver, alfalfa, or cowpeas. These also

play an important part in increasing

the nitrogen content of the soil.


We cannot conﬁne our study of

farm crops, soils, and their care to the

plant and the chemical and physical

nature of the soil. We must keep ever

present in our minds the germs, the

harmful germs, how to eliminate them;

the beneﬁcial germs and how to multi-

ply them, how to feed them, obtain the

greatest beneﬁts from their activity.

They arealive, just as much alive as

any other living thing on earth. They

must be taken care of and this is the

task We are‘concerned with. What are

the best ' conditions for the main-

tenance and development of the germ

workers in the soil?


Organic Matter Food for Germs.


They must have food. Their foOd is

organic matter. From the country’s

greatest soil bacteriologist we have the

statement, “that a soil devoid of or-

ganic matter is practically devoid of

germs.” Food is not all—proper tem-

perature and necessary amount of air

and water are essential. ‘


When. a large amount of organic.

matter is present in the ordinary soils

these conditions are produced. Fur-

thermore, these «physical. conditions of


. . t1


with the use of peat as a means of re-

plenishin’g the depleted organic matter

in our soils, but true to the intention,

we want to know how and why. If we

are to use peat, it must fulﬁll the re-

quirements of organic matter in the

soil:


First, it must improve the physical

condition of our soils.


Second, it must have the essential

elements which other organic matter

contains, which can be made available.


Third, it must be a medium for the

growth of beneﬁcial soil germs.


It has been proven that peat can be

so used.


Let us examine the work of this

Scotch landowner. He used peat moss,

not decomposed muck.


Merely to mix peat with lime that

would neutralize its acidity twelve

months before application did no good

for several years. There is a probabil-

ity that he did not add enough lime,

yet, note the next sentence, “mixed

peat with various forms of decaying

vegetable and animal matter and found

that the putrefaction of these sub

these substances was communicated to

the peat, setting up fermentative ac-

tivity indicated by a rise in tempera

ture, and resulting in the production of

a rich compost.”


Reading over the article and consid-

ering these changes in the light of our

knowledge of germ activity, is it not

plain and reasonable? The weathering,

the moisture, the aeration, provide

condition for some of the germs which

cause decomposition to start with and

multiply. . The addition of lime produc-


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tivity. To cause'rapid decay and rapid,


release of valuable nitrogen phosphor-

us and potash for plant use, and that

high state of fermentation which we

know is conducive to the liberation of

the practically unavailable minerals in

the rock particles of the soil, he “mix-

ed peat with various forms of decaying

vegetable and animal matter.” He in-

oculated the peat with germs “and

found that the putrefaction of these

substances were communicated to the

peat.” .


Space does not permit a continuation

of the disucssion in this issue.


Think over these facts. Later we

will take up the practical considera-

tions, the costs, comparison with ma.

nure, and experience of how and why

we farmers in Michigan can do What

this Scottish landowner did proﬁtably.


THE FUEL SHORTAGE AND THE

LABOR PROBLEM.


With many towns in the writer’s lo-

cality on'the verge of a fuel famine,

the demand for wood has been increas-

ed manyfold. The price, too, has risen

correspondingly with the greater de-

mand and with the general rise in the

prices of nearly all commodities. It is

this situation which has brought to

light in its full extent, the seriousness

of the farm labor problem. If this

problem has been perplexing before, it

is doubly so now. Many farmers who

have woodlots, would be glad to sell

wood this winter, thus relieving to a

marked degree, the fuel scarcity. Im~

provident and unwise as the owners of

wood-lots have been in the past, there

is still enough timber in most commu-

nities of Michigan, to tide over even a

prolonged coal shortage.


But it is just here that the serious—

ness of the labor problem develops.

Many farmers ﬁnd it next to impossi-

ble to procure wood-cutters to cut the

wood they wish to place on the mar-

ket. It is even diﬂicult, in some in-

stances, for the farmer to get help in

cutting the wood he needs for his own

use. Never before has the difﬁculty

been so apparent. Most of the young

fellows from the farms who in former

winters have cut wood by the cord, are

now at Camp Custer or in some other

training camp. The class once so nu-

merous, of married men living in the

country, on small places, has almost

entirely disappeared. Some years back

these men were to be found ‘in every

neighborhood, and were available in

the'summer as day hands, and in the

winters have cut wood by the cord,

or helped out by the day, as the case

required.


In the situation as it exists today,

the problem not only of relieving a fuel

shortage, but of increasing production,

becomes a knotty one. For ﬁfteen or

twenty years, farm labor has been

‘growing more scarce, year by year.

Now, the great war has done at a sin-

gle stroke more than a dozen years of

the trend cityward could accomplish.

It has taken the few strong young fel-

lows who wcre willing to stay on the

farms. Of course, in the very nature

of the case,.this is inevitable, but its

effects are far-reaching, along all lines

that have to do with labor on the

farms.


Price Not a Consideration.


In considering this question, it is

well to remember that the price paid

for labor does not, at present, ﬁgure

materially. Farmers say they can not

procure help at any price. This was

frequently stated in the writer’s sec-

tion during the past summer, and the

demand for wood-cutters has brought

out the same condition this winter. Fif-

teen years ago men could be found in

plenty, who would cut wood for forty

or ﬁfty cents per cord. Now, one dol-

lar per cord will not procure the de-

sired help. It is experienced help of


er would rather have.’ In the wood-cut-

ting proposition, however, he is not so


particular, as he pays according tothe


THE M71 CHI GA N"


actual amount of 'work done. And this ‘


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~ generally ﬁxed ?


the right sort, of course, that the farm--


hood rather than baledﬁfor shipment.


mama ..


leads to still another factor in the farm

labor problem:


It is almost needless tokstate that

there are, in every community, a few

able-bodied fellows who shun honest

toil as they would shun a deadly

plague. Within the age limits, the

selective conscription has given many

of these industrial slackers a steady

job. But outside the age limits for

drafting, there are still left a few of

these shirkers in every neighborhood.

These are the men who would rather

hold down a dry-goods box or play pool

or hunt than do a day’s work. These

are the men, too, and the only men

Who have it in their power to remedy

to some degree, the present exasperat-

ing situation. Some of these men live

in farming districts, and still more of

them are found in the towns. When

good men must leave the factory and

the farm to serve in the nation’s arm-

ies, there ought to be some way to

force the habitually indolent into ser-

vice as industrial workers.


Industrial Slackers.

2‘


The case right now is one in point.

Let the ne’er-do-wells, the professional

slackers along all lines of honest en-

deavor, be forced to cut wood. If this

were to be done, there might still be a

coal shortage, but there would be no

fuel famine, at least, not in the coun-

try districts of Michigan. There is

something obviously unfair about pro-

fessional loaﬁng, at any time. But in

the present crisis, the professional loaf-

er is a criminal. He could, if he would,

help his family, his community, his

country, and the world at large. The

fellow who is well and able-bodied and

who sits and toasts his shanks when

there is wood to cut, and his fellows

need it to keep from freezing, is a wor-

thy case for drastic measures. If the

law can pick out any man anywhere to

serve in our military forces, why can

it not compel under heavy penalty, in-

dustrial service from the industrial

slacker? It is 'in this way that the la-

bor problem could be ”relieved. It is

not claimed that this perplexing ques-

tion could be solved by such a method,

and so long as the war lasts the situa-

tion will continue to grow more and

more acute. Butsuccor from the only

class left able to give it, would seem

to be perfectly in order. The profes-

sional tramp and the professional home

loafer are one and the same, in the

present case—enemies to the cause of

justice and humanity.


Hillsdale Co. J. A. KAISER.


FARM NOTES.


Value of Bean Fodder as a Roughage.


What is the relative value of bean

pods as a roughage for live stock? Is

there any market for them in bales?

On what basis is the price for same

SunscmnEn.


Bean fodder is an excellent roughage


feed to be used in combination with '


other forage, particularly for sheep. It

may also be successfully fed to cows

in small quantities. We have no knowl-

edge of any attempts to use it as a

horse feed. When used particularly for

sheep in combination with other rough-

age feeds, bean straw will have ap-

pi‘Oximately as high feeding value as

good hay, although it will not be as

closely eaten, on account of the coarse

stems. The feeding value of the forage

is almost always enhanced by the grain

it contains, as even where a. good job

of threshing is done, some beans will

nearly always remain in the straw.


Under normal price conditions of

other feed stuffs quite a favored meth-

od of buying and selling bean straw

among the farmers has been at a price

based on the amount of beans threshed

from same. This is an equitable ar-

rangement, since the pods are the edi-

ble and nutritious factor of the forage.

Bean straw should preferably be fed on

the farm prgnéarketed 1n the. neighbor-


//


lll


Dry Feet and

Warm Feet


are simply a matter of rubber

and wool. For the best pro-

tection and the longest wear

buy "Ball-Band” Vacuum

Cured Footwear which is

practically one solid piece.

The Red Ball Trade Mark’is

on every “ Ball- Band ” boot,

arctic, and rubber. Look for it.


Worn by nine and one-half

million people and sold by

55,000 dealers. Write for book-

let, “ More Days Wear.”


MISIIAWAKA WOOLEI MFG. CO. I


319 Water St. , Mishawaka. Ind.

“The Home That Pays Milliousfor Quality"


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on i": ,

Iraall. Ind.


Potato

Planter


Saves Time and Labor—Increases Yield

Pays forlitself many times over, One man and tram

opens furrow. drops In d any distance or depth. drops

fertiliser (if desired), cmcrs up. marks, next rowI Au.

!cmatlci liIore accurate. dept nrlahle and quicker than

hand planting. Flirrow opens and seed drops in plain

sight. Does not injure H'cd. Has long life, needs few

repairs. 3sizes forl and 2 rows. Protect younall

aualnat uncertain labor and season. .


. Write for Catalog .75

. \ 0|


1‘; - 4


In stools ,

’Near

You


Eureka

Mower Co.


[n planting season when your

time is worth money it is a big

some to be able to low. disc har-

rowand level your ds all at one

his can be one wi


walk


glyow'm havg, except hi2, any


seedbedabowhleh

foronrne'drenlar
, sections.


I With our farm. of sixty acres.


HEN the orchard business is

managed on a scale large

enough to make it a factor in


the farm income the expense for prun-


ing becomes a large item. Men who

know how to prune are scarce in some


Whether experienced or in;

experienced men are used for pruning

the use of proper equipment is neces-

sary to reduce the expense of the work.

The writer has worked in commercial

orchards where' the amount of work

ﬁnished in a day was greatly reduced

because the men frequently worked

with dull saws and poor shears. In the


morning there was usually a scramble

to get hold of a tool that was ﬁt to

perform the work. Possibly one fortu-


nate man would obtain a saw that was

sharp. The remainder of the 'men


would do the best they could with a


dull saw. The foreman made no pro-U


'vision for sharpening the saws and

unfortunately most of the men did not

seem to care how long it took to sever

a branch as long as they were making

their arms move m0st of the time.

That may be the attitude in many

pruning gangs. Of course, it is up to

the owner to make provision for sharp

tools and an employe can scarcely be-

expected to argue with the boss over

the quality of the saws and shears

that the boss owns. ’


' Keep Saws Oiled.


The ﬁrst item in the pruning equip.

ment should be ﬁles for keeping saws

sharp so they will bite into the wood

and make the cut smoothly and quick-

ly. At least one man in the gang

should be able to ﬁle a saw. He


. should be responsible for keeping the


tools in good condition for the‘remain-

der of the workers. _


The quality of shears is important

and there is much difference between a

pair of pruning shears with a good

edge and strong springs, and the dull

edged shears which stick and tear the

branches instead of neatly snipping

them from the tree. The double-cut

pruning shears which cut the branch

from all sides at the same time, will


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A New Strawberry Method


OR a number of years we have

been growing strawberries as a

proﬁtable sideline in connection

During

this time it has seemed something of-

a hardship to cultivate the spring-set

plants an entire year, getting no re-

turns until the second year. Accord-

ingly we did some experimenting and


-worked out a system which has proved


very satisfactory in geting the most

returns for our labor.


interplanted Strawberry Bed.


This year in setting. an acre of straw-

berries, instead of following our usual

plan of spacing the rows four feet-

.apart, we marked out the land in rows

thirty inches apart, setting the plants

in every other row. Between the

strawberry rows, we planted quite a

variety of vegetables, taking care to

use only those things which made an

upright growth and would interfere

the least with the cultivation of the


berries. We planted onions, potatoes,

beets, carrots, cabbage and dwarf

peas. The cabbage seed was drilled


and thinned to stand eighteen inches

apart in the row, the plants being sold

as fast as they were pulled out.


We cultivated rather oftener than

we would have had there been nothing

on the land but, the berries. Also, we

did the usual amount of hoeing and

hand-weeding, with the result that we


' :j nejverh‘ad a ﬁner looking strawberry


patbh. The rows are perfectly straight


and the constant cultivatiOn has re-

- tricted therunners to a narrow fruit-


eh can be easily matched


" tilizer.


{other uncertainties at this time make


be a goOd investment as no tearing of

the bark will result. Shears on long

poles will save much work on the

step-ladders when young fruit trees

are pruned. The worker can size up

the tree from the ground and do much

of the heading back of the limbs with-

out using a ladder. This saves time

and enables an experienced pruner to

do a good job. ,


The curved pruning saws seem t8

work better than the straight blade.

They enable the operator to take a

better grip and make the cut a little

more rapidly. Some growers use the

thin saw blades which ﬁt into a frame.

The old blade can be removed and a

new one inserted in a short time. With

a tool of this kind it is possible to work

in crotches where it would be impos-

sible to use a wide blade without scrap-

ing the bark on the adjoining limb

where no out should be made. A saw

of this kind enables the orchardist to

have plenty of sharp blades on hand

when beginning the work and there

are no delays for sharpening tools.


Keep Tools Sharp.


The care of pruning saws and shears

is important. If they are allowed to

become wet they will soon rust and

deteriorate in value. It pays to rub the

tools thoroughly with an oiled cloth

and this ﬁlm of oil will keep the mois-

ture away from the metal and prevent

rust. When storing the tools they

should always be protected in this

manner. It also pays to oil all of the

joints in pruning shears, as this will

'make them work more easily. The

small hand shears which work with a

coiled spring should have the spring

protected from rust and dirt by fre-

quent cleaning and oiling. These small

hand shears frequently become out of

repair._ The springs break or slip

loose during a busy time in the or-

chard and cause no end of wasted

time. When the orchardist in employ-

ing several men to prune, it certainly

pays- to have additional pruning equip-

ment on hand for an emergency .


Ingham Co. R. G. KIRBY.


bles, we have credited this acre as

follows:

6, ,8%0 cabbage plants at 25c per


10 ..................... . ..$ 17. 00


51/2 bushels of peas ............ 5. 95

50 bushels of table beets ...... 24.30

80 dozen cabbage .............. 16.00

30 bushels of potatoes ......... 30.00

21 bushels of carrots ........... 8.10

14 bushels of onions ........... 17.50

Total ....................... $118.85


-With the exception of the cabbage

plants which were disposed of locally,

nearly everything was sold to huck—

sters from the city who loaded up on

the place.


As a result of our experiment, we

have decidedto use the Irish Cobbler

potato to ﬁll in the ﬁrst year. Some

other variety with an equally small top

would do as well. Hereafter we shall

check-row the land so that before the

vines begin to make runners, we can

cultivate both ways and save hoeing.


Fertilize Strawberries.


When freezing weather comes we

mulch with straw and before the mulch

is raked off in the spring fertilize with

ﬁve hundred pounds of high-grade fer-


We expect next year to go a step

farther and sow dwarf peas between

the fruiting rows and plow up the

whole thing for whatever crop the sea.-

son will let us raise in the summer and

fall. We hope to be able ,to put in_po-

tatoes if the peas and berries are off

by July 1.


Livingston Co. 'c. R. Ross.‘


Order your spray material and equip-

ment early. Freight congestion and


, _ ,...r”H-, MICHIG NIFAR'MER

7*:Eiiic1ent Pruning Tools


Warm When It’s Cold _._ i'

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and comfortable all the time are the

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U. S. Rubber Footwear


the all ro,und heavy service, double duty

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Must Feed the World.


Increased production of food

crops, necessary to win the

war, can be had in two ways—


planting more or feeding the

plant more. The labor shortage

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(2) Mid-West Sales Dlvlslon

TOLEDO. OHIO


‘iri‘A'IR’ M BR '49


By N. ~A.

HE remark is often made that

“history repeats itself.” The

statement is not correct, for if

it were correct the epochs in history

would revolve in regular order instead

of evolving as they do, one following

another, and each succeeding epoch

having distinguished characteristics of

its own. Conditions in successive ages

are never repeated but each age has

its place to ﬁll in the progress of the

world, from primal beginnings to the

consummation of conditions which we

call modern and improved conditions.

While speaking of a revival of inter-

est in that noble breed of cattle now

designated Shorthorn cattle, I wish to

mention some things of interest in

three different periods of their history.

Firsﬁthe formation stage; second, the

development and improvement stage;

and third, some of the superior charac-

teristics which make them the gener-

al farmer’s cattle.

Shorthorn cattle have played an im-

portant part in meeting the needs of

the country in which they were kept,

once during a critical period in Eng-

land during and after the Revolution-

ary War with the colonies which after-

wards became the United States, and

during the rocenstruction, development

and progressive period which followed


Shorthorns Coming Back


' , mu iii-is. '; s


CLAPP


popular favor, but none approached

the quality which was the characteris-

tic of the Shorthorn.


At that time agricultural pursuits

brought liberal returns. King George.

III, to add to its popularity, turned

farmer and became a student under


Robert Bakewell who was looked upon


as a master of the art of breeding

stock to reﬁne and improve it. Others

followed the lead of Bakewell in a,

rigid course of inbreeding, and those

who operated with the Shorthorns

made some progress, but the wisdom l

of the inbreeding practice has been

questioned and has been almost entire- i‘

1y dropped as a practice by breeders. x

The fame won by the breeders of ,

Shorthorns during the period mention- - \

ed, placed that breed at the head of .

the list of all breeds which had been

formed at that time. The practice of

up—grading by crossing the Shorthorn

bulls on other cattle became quite uni-

versal and the quality of the meat of

the offspring was greatly improved.

During the period in which the Short- ,

horn breed was forming, the war with .

the American colonies was carried on.


'England’s arms were not successful


and she was made to feel the sting of

defeat and the consciousness that a.

new nation was being established


On University Farm, Davis, Cal.

“California Favorite,’ the grand Ch‘dlll

Exposition, 1916. The steer was of H

1,130 pounds at thirteen months.


the war of the rebellion in our own

country. At present the conditions are

such, now that we are engaged in a

war of great magnititude and far-

reaching in its effects on the civilized

world, that the countries which have

recognized the merits of this noble

breed of cattle like the United States,

Canada, Argentina and Australia, will

be called upon to breed and utilize

great numbers of them in order to

meet the needs of the allies during not

only the years of the war, but many

years after the war, which we may call

the period of recovery which will fol—

low. As the breed has been relied up-

on in the past it recommends itself as

the material which can be utilized now

as a means with which we can meet

our needs .at the present time.

Early Characteristics.


Those who have given the matter of

what is termed quality in beef a con-

siderable study, know that there is a

wide difference in the character of

meat from different kinds of cattle.

During the eighteenth century when

the cattle which were later called Dur-

ham or Shorthorn were slaughtered, at

great many of them produced a kind of

meat called “lyered meat,” which was

dark, in color and never mingled with

fat to give it an agreeable ﬂavor. The

early Shorthorns were not only rapid

growers, making heavy cattle at an

early age, but yielded a carcass of


ious;meanspwe"re triedlon Willy differs


ent kinds ;of cattlh tanning" “theme-into


.1


\ beef well marbled with fat which made

them popularals“ meat producers. Var:


.2 2 45.1" .~


A Modern Shorthorn Cow and Her Calf.


Cow is pure—bred Shorthorn, dam of

plum steer at International Live Stock _.

ereford-Shorthorn breeding; weighed ‘


The cow’s present calf is pure Shorthorn . / 5

and claimed to be a better calf than the other one. -


which would compel her to bow before

it and acknowledge its strength.


In the“ period of prosperity which

followed the war the Shorthorn cattle

became very popular and sold at auc-

tion sales in England at remarkably

high prices. Although the farmers in

America were struggling under discour—

aging conditions, the fame of the breed

which was capable of making such re-

markable growth in a short period of

time, and that, too, on mostly forage

feeds and such roots as were grown in

England attracted their attention and

some importations were made first in-

to Kentucky and subsequently into

Ohio and New York.


The newly imported cattle were met -

with strong endorsement by the farm- ;‘

ers in the communities in which they ' »

Were kept. The character of the beef , ..

cattle soon began to be transformed

from the slow-growing, thick-hided,

heavy-boued cattle to a quick-maturing

class of cattle with mellow hides and

a superior quality of meat. It was

soon seen that the Shorthorn steers

could be raised to popular market

weights in a shorter period of time,

and at much less expense than the na—

tive steers. The inﬂuence of the Short- ' \

horn spread rapidly and the results ’

were very satisfactory. But internal " _ / '

conditions in the country interrupted '

the spread of the descendants of the

breed. The war of the rebellion came

on and for four years thebusiness of

breeding was at a standstill, or was

abandoned altogether- "W7 .' . j ‘ ‘

. pAtteLthe‘clos‘e‘ ot'the
y, ble characteristics far surpassing those .

x which are carried by any bther breed.


subduing the vast territory west cf the

then outskirts of civilization was begun

in earnest. The demand for cattle suit-


able to improve the slow-maturing na- ‘


tives became spirited. 'American farm-

ers remembered the merits of the red,

white and roan Shorthorn cattle, and

naturally turned their attention to-

ward them. Importations from England

were numerous and prices continued to

soar higher and higher until fabulous

prices were reached. In 1878, eight

years after the close of the war, prices

for bulls of a certain strain of blood

were quoted at about $10,000 each and

cows of same family at twice that sum.


It can be truthfully claimed for the

Shorthorn cattle that the breed paved

the way and transformed the charac-

ter of the cattle in the United States

from a slow-growing class of cattle ‘of

poor quality and almost proﬁtless to a

class of cattle that was quick to re-

spond to good feed and care. The

Shorthorn cattle and their grades, were

for many years, distinctively the farm-


er’s cattle which would thrive on the

common forage feeds, and when fed}

grain in an intelligent and sensible'

manner would yield a carcass of beef

of quality good enough to satisfy the

demands of the most exacting epicures

as well as-to supply the needs ofhthe

laboring classes of people.


It can also be truthfully said of the

Shorthorn cattle that the females are

excellent general farmer’s cows. They

yield a good ﬂow of milk which will

meet the needs of the family and at

the same time that butter is made for

home use and to sell in the markets,

the calves can be raised on the skim-

milk that will grow to good size on the

common forage feeds and fatten read-

ily for either home use or to sell in

the market.


The Shorthorns of the Future.


We have not claimed that the aver-

age Shorthorn cattle are capable of

competing with the modern cattle bred

with a single purpose in view. The

dairy bred cattle have their places to

ﬁll in our varying and widely extend-

ing conditions. If it is milk alone that

is desired we know from what breed to

make selections. If it is butter of a

certain quality that is desired we know

from where to choose our cows. But if

it is a farmer’s class of cattle that will

meet the conditions which prevail

where general farming is carried on,

we know that the Shorthorn so far out-

strips any of the other breeds that it is

unwise to give them any consideration.


The merits of the Shorthorns are so

well known and appreciated, that now

when beef cattle are commanding high

prices frpm ﬁrst hands, and that cattle

that can and will make excellent beef

on grass pastures alone are the most

proﬁtable, attention of cattle raisers

naturally turn toward the good old re-

liable Shorthorns. The demand has

caused prices to soar higher and higher

until values of the good dual-purpose

Shorthorns have not only doubled and

trebled, but have quadrupled.


Under the conditions which must of

necessity prevail while the European

war lasts, and during the years which

will follow, the Shorthorn cattle are

the ones which will most fully meet

the conditions in -very many places.

They do well under restricted condi-

tions or where the open ﬁeld pastures


Winter ls When Stock

Get Out of Fix


Yet—healthy, thrifty animals mean more to you right

now than at any other season of the year. It’s because.

you are producing pounds of pork, beef, butter and milk

with grain, hay and fodder, the products of your summer’s

toil. That’s why your stock should be 1n prime condition

and free from worms.


Dr. Hess Stock Tonic


Is a Conditioner and Worm Expeller


It contains tonics to improve the appetite, blood builders to tone

up and enrich the blood, laxatives for the bowels and vermifuges

to drive out the worms.


Every ingredient in Dr. Hess Stock Tonic lS highly endorsed by

the United States Dispensatory and other world’s experts for the

‘ same purpose for which we use them.


We have a dealer In your town, authorized to sell you Dr. Hess

Stock Tonic with the understanding that it IS to make your stock

healthy, to make them thrive better, to drive out the worms;

otherwise he gives your money back.


Now, remember, Dr. Hess Stock Tonic is never peddled. We

save the expense of wagons and teams, the peddler’ s salary, and

give you the benefit, which these prices prove .


25-111.- pail, $2.00; 100-111. drum, $6.50


Exec t in the for West, South and Canada.

mailer packages in proportion.


My Pay the Paddler Twice this Price?


\


DR. Hess" & CLARK, Ashland. Ohio


DR. HESS WULTRY PAN-A-CE-A


will help make your hens lay now


Dr. HESS Instant Louse Killer Kills Lice‘


Quaker City Feed Mills


Grind corn and cobs. feed.

- table meal and alfalfa.

On the market 50 years.

Hand and power. ‘. ‘

styles. ‘4. 80 to $40. FREE

TRIAL. Write for catalog. - ..

THE A. w. STRAUB co.

Dent. 04727-31 Filbert 81.. Philadelphia".

- Dealers — Write for contract;


More Park On Less FeedQ


You can help save the feed and do an act of patriotism, at the\\“ '

same time increase your own proﬁts if you use a Heesen Cooker. 60. 000

garrdniers in America are doing it. In some cases they have saved nearly 5096' in

ee 11g cos


HEESEN FEED COOKERS,


Tank Heaters and other farm e uipment make money for farmers every- ‘ H. A ‘


'31 maA Cine glﬂnc

here, add convenience and k free from disease Write for‘ ‘Growthy Porter‘s” e


gessege, giving valuable facts: lit cook ood. Yggggnlio Ami 1:131: tall:-

HEESEN BROS. 81 co. Box No. 710 Tecumseh. Mich. trial sub m“ “on


If for a home or investment you are t in:-


are utilized in summer and the coarse

forage feeds are relied on in winter.

1 In disposition, as a breed, they are

” quiet and docile and are easily made

pets to be loved and fondled by the

different members of the family. With

' a known ancestry which can be traced

back into the misty depths of the past

farther than any other breed they car-

ry with them inherent and yet desira-


It'is Well to welcome the day when the

white! and roanShorthorns will be

ad} their proper. placesf on, the


ing of bu dvim:y good! nrm lend. simply write me I

lettelr our-a Mad no hidden}, “and pan-

uare re e.‘


EDITOR. LAIEDOLOGY, Skidmore Land Co.


Fistula FREE


BOWSHER‘


and 808 HALLA MA RINETTE. WIS.

P0“ EV“ [EARN AUCTWNEERIN .1 World n 0111111.)

taxi a.“ ”ma. (1 So I " .1

3828‘ I5% ‘9 20% 0' F.0d‘ All)! mgélidgadg'oyger with”o $21.30;?th ﬁngfepteﬁidegit with at:c;?n:t°£lugdwgtegk§ ’ Mfg:

n ' 1.

ﬁleeﬁgngﬁ 8 Fistoggrmlgm :84“ today for free gamugi'. ese g ,


M n ittle attention every day.

JG I Bottle-your money yrefunded

le. no matter howol‘d th a case or how


othertr treatment may have been.


NES'NAT'SL SCHOOL 0' AUCTIONIIIING. . I ;

28M Sacramento Blvd. Chic“... 111. Coral. Jones. Pm. - I._


.“

lug-


Prlee

I! It lie“


D008


rite

Timur-131.90%! Ill! ADVISE! ‘

nimble for its information . F“ "OHM. 0' "I .g", 333%! and, Rabbit do. .

u..." °“" w. l’. next-«11.. on.

ammonia... " L... .


~H V When writing to'advertiseiisV

please mention the Michi~.=


.mE We Isolde-2:02:31. Value- of

, DclJ’. .0 mm 0,0.


.- gen Farmer
Hi my \H‘fi’él'“

jail" .. ”:1, ,

calculi“)


- f

‘ iii“ ‘


"\ 9“ .


Your timber has a cash - .

value the moment you turn it

into lumber.


The dumand for lumber is tremen-

dous and price: are way up. Do you

realize that only about ten 10 5 (14-

inchee thick and 16 feet long will

make 1,000 feet of lumber worth 020

to M according to the wood? With


, hinie


/r pan-rare”: \. ,_._


i saw Mill


youcan make 4,000 to 6.000 feet of ac-

curate lumber aday.with a row 15 horse


wet engine. In the next mztudava the

{guber- you can make would pay for the

Dixie mill. all of your egrpenses and

leave you a nice proﬁt besides. This is

from actual proven experience of hun-

dreds of Dixie owners.


No Experience Needed


The Dixie is so easily understood and

simple to Operate that any farmerpan

handle it successfully. The Dana is

made of the best materials. and put .

togetherto stay. Makes accurate lum-

ber after years of use. Simple control

and feed. Easy to move from place to

place. Made in all sizes to cut lrom

4,000 to 20.000 feet per day.


1; Investment Small

3 forthe returns. Even if you used the

Dixie for making lumber for but one

barn of your own, it would more than

pay for itself in the lumber money it

would save on. Every acre cleared tor

cultivation 'reases crop production—

a splendid thing to do at this time. in-

vestigate this at once. Send lor

FREE BOOM


, Hill-Curtis Company.


‘ I408 [tweed St. moo. Mich.


err! 21 ional

Du lCtS


RAW FURS


MINK

No.1 Large No.1 Medium No.1 Hmall


Dark 310008.00 6.00 4.50

’- Brown?.f;0-5.Hl 4.50 3.25

SKUNK


‘ * ’39:? 13%? 15%“ "flu?

\. 04 I - .t .

qu RACCOON

d ;: I as 7 No.1 Largo No.1Mod. No.1 Small

, a: as 53 -~. 5.“)- " 3.1.”) 2.‘ 3

Y ., as as : OPOSSUM


No. 1 Ext. Large No. 1 Large

' 10


No. 1 Medium Nol 1154mm

MUSKRAT '

Large Medium Small

”Winter so .60 .40

Fall .70 52


.. .30

. Complete Price List Free on Re—

quest. Address Dept. M.


7 ‘2": Albert Herskovils 82 Son

44 4-6 48 ~50 W. 28‘? St.

NEW YORK


, great riddance of waste.


* SayingThrough-Cooperation»

4‘ ‘ By DR. w. o. HEDRICK .


Professor of Economics at The'Michigan Agricultural College


N the great campaign for righteous-

ness in the use of our resources,

the farmers Who are organized into


cooperative associations have an es-

pecial means with which to help. The

simple fact that they have cooperated

and work‘together at all is of itself? a

Rivalry or

competition among the neighbors of a

community is always wasteful and ex-

pensive and is only tolerated because

it affords an incentive or stimulus

which is better than none. How quick-

ly, however, when some great commu-

nity or national goal is to be reached-—

like winning the present war for ex-

ample—does the government shake us

out of our selﬁsh rivalries and self-

seekings and oblige us all to work to-

gether for the common end!

The prime purpose of cooperation

among farmers is to furnish them-

selves with. an efﬁcient agency. The

farmers who organized the coopera\

tive associations in Shiawassee county

last summer did so to provide a ser-

vice or to avoid paying heavy tolls. In

both cases they prevent waste by co«

operation. Unquestionably as time goes

on they will ﬁnd that through being

organized they are able to remedy

many evils which previously had been

endured.


The enormous wastes from produc-


ing mixed or unstandardizcd grains,


fruit and live stock, may be avoided

through cooperative associations. Dif-

ferent varieties of corn raised in the

same neighborhood through crossing

hinders the general improvement of

corn in that community. Live stock

will remain inferior in a community

where each farmer has his own breed.


In general the whole community is apt


to lose its sense of the best types of


grains or stock where no organized ef‘

fort is made to emphasize distinctive

varieties or breeds. The well known


achievements of cattle and grain im-


provement, and cow-testing associa-


tions in remedying these conditions in-

dicate what cooperative can do in bet-

tering the situation. Again, in pre-


1 W...


0

ll

lllllilll'... 0111th


The Rich Flavor


..zummmlllllllllll


. Esl. 1853 Capital $600,000.00 Inc. 1889

' Highest Prices Paid For


RAW FURS


Write lor Fur List and Book


Grdgc=Nuts


is due to the blend-

mﬁgfmalted barley

w whole wheat ﬂour


on Succeaslul Trapping


I TRAUGOTT SCHMIDT & SONS


- l36~16¢ Monroe Ave. Detroit, Mich.


Wheat alone does not

possess this rich ﬂavor:


kinds of furs, and it will pa


.\ ”n

you to at m price list.


and shiplplng ta is today to


/ EVERG

F

All hardy, vigorous and wall


lls all about my vigor-o


HIGHEST PHIGES


.,- Paid for allI kinds of Raw Furs


need large quantities of all


as ocla ly so lcit furs from

al northern and central sec-

tions. Write for price list


. .. L . all,

P.O.BoxH 2 East Liberty, 0.


REEHS #23 am


inc ior windbreaks. hedgﬁeiand lawn planting.

roe


We Ibl everywhere.

Write for hoe Evergreen book and 50 Great n sheet.


HILL NURSERY 00..“ 5230 MMJII.

ny Plants has}: pass;


The ,wondcrliﬂly cog


digestion'of Grape-N


is also partly due to


the barley for the


barley pontains a


digestive which

wheat lacks .


“There's a Reasori‘


. ﬁGraprﬂls


i


W '


-


usetock to

m m. were Plant Nursery. Merrill. mg;

‘ ' ‘ \


venting the spread of contagious dis- enough upon his own farm to employ

cases and. insect pests, the need of fully his special talent, while about

community cooperation is self-evident. him is an entire neighborhood most of


It is in the marketing, however, 0f whose members lack his particular tal-

the unstandardized or miscellaneous ents. What greater saving could be

farm products that the greatest wastes made in this neighborhood than to ef—

occur- Ungraded products are always feet through some cooperative arrange-

apt to 8811 at the Price of the poorest ment a‘ plan which would give the buy-

grades in the consignment Wthh is a or scope for his talent by allowing him

distinct loss to the farmer. Over four to buy for the neighborhood, the stock-

million bushels 0f “no-grade” wheat man similarly to handle the animals of

were received in the Minneapolis eleva- the community and the grain expert

tors two recent years while only one the crops?

million were Shipped hilt, the rest hav- Farmers’ cooperative associations

ing been skillfully “mixed" by the deal- have a privileged place—owing to the

ers so as to make the grades and thus Clayton amendment to the Sherman

bring a higher price. Regrading is a anti-trust law—before the courts of the

fruitful source of proﬁt to middlemen land. Provided they are “instituted for

everywhere, but is invariably at the ex- purposes of mutual help, such organi—

pense 0f the farmer. Furthermore, the zations, or their members, shall not be

“no-grade” producing neighborhood 105' held or construed to be illegal combi-

es the beneﬁts Of a Widely known rep- nations or conspiracies in restraint of

utation such as it could easily have if trade,” are the words of the great

it produced standardized products. The amendment. What is the “mutual help”

repute of Howell. Michigan. as a com cherished by the provision? Why, the

ter for the breeding of Holstein cattle, saving of waste. to themselves by farm.

and of Kalamazoo for the production of ers through cooperation and in this

a high quality of celery illustrates the way without lowering their own proﬁts

possibilities of the community reputa- enabling them to sell more chéaply to

tion—-the marketing worth of which is the public.

known to everybody. Few farmers un-

doubtedly will ever farm upon sufﬁ-

cient scale to make it worth while to

advertise their products individually.

But the same results may be obtained

by many farmers in a community rais.

ing the same grade of product. ,Such

an undertaking is possible only through

cooperation.


Through cooperative associations

farmers are learning the advantages of

their personal credit Whether it be lit-

tle or large. A leading notion in the

Rural Credit Law is that farmers will

organize yiemselves into local cooper-

ative associations in order to enjoy its

help. Cattle buying associations among

farmers, of which there are several in

Michigan, are simply cases where mem-

bers cooperate in the use of their cred-

it. A law of the state enacted last win-

ter and just coming into use permits

the cooperative use of credit in land

drainage. And another increasingly

common association in this state, of

which one was recently organized by

farmers near Howell, provides for the

cooperative use of credit for general

purposes. -


The scheme for doing this is of the

simplest type imaginable. Sixty or

more farmers in a neighborhood hav-

ing conﬁdence in each other but hav-

ing, as individuals in part or wholly,

no credit upon which they could bor-

row, sign individual notes for a speci-

fied sum of money. Any member

thenceforth wishing to buy upon credit

uses these notes as collateral to his

own note and his troubles in obtaining .

loans are at. an end. As none of these Farmer patrons of the Owosso Sugar

notes are made payable at any particu- Company have received the offer of an

lar time they are used over and over $8 guaI-aptee, plus $1 per ton for each

again and naturally perform a large cent per pound that sugar on the New

amount of service. This association of York market goes over seven cents, or

collateral cooperative credit, as it is the average price for October to Jan“-

called, as well as other forms, are per- ary inclusive. So if sugar goes to eight

fectly practicable in any community cents the growers will get $9 for their

and all of them show a means by which beets, and so on up the scale. The

the credit resource of every farmer guarantee for last season’s beets was

may be saved. $6 a ton, plus $1 per ton for advances


And ﬁnally in the lesson WhiCh the above ﬁve cents on the New York sug.

“selective draft” principle has brought ar market.

to our mindsduring the past summer The Saginaw County Beet Growers’

is emphasized the need 015 using every Association held its ‘annual meeting

talent which the nation possesses so and re-elected ofﬁcers. A committee

that none may go to waste. 15 it DOS' report was adopted recommending that

sible that in a similar manner cooper- farmers ask $10 a ton fer their 1913

ative organizations may enable a com- beets, it‘being shown that 'it costs the

munity to save its many resources in average farmer over $8 per ton to grow

human talent. In any farm neighbor- them. It was reported that Food Ad-

hQOd may be found’ a man extremely ministrator Hoover will confer ,with

successful in handling live StOCk-v an- the sugar manufacturers and the grow-

other shrewd in making bargains, and ers were advised to refrain from sign-


BETTER ROADS FOR MICHIGAN.


The editor of the Gratiot County

Herald points to the great waste of the

taxpayer’s money that comes from neg-

lecting the upkeep of gravel roads, and

says: “It would be far better to ap-

ply the whole $13,000 revenue coming

to this county from the auto tax to the

repair of the gravel roads already built

than to allow all this investment to go

back year by year and ﬁnally be whol-

ly lost. If every township having grav-

el roads would buy a truck and employ

a man for six months every year to

draw gravel, keep these roads in re

pair, drag them when necessary, ﬁll

the holes, draw gravel for new roads,

if any are constructed, and deposit

gravel at convenient intervals for re-

pairs, these roads might be made last-

ing and this investment saved. Such

a plan would save townships from

$1,000 to $1,500 a year."


Saginaw county voters at a recent

election adopted the general road law

of the state.


The county road system is now op-

erativevin more than sixty counties of

the state. Applications for over 1200

miles of new road to be built under the

Covert act next summer are on ﬁle at

Lansing. I


Charlevoix county has voted a large

bond issue for building concrete roads.


Kent Co. ALMOND GRIFFIN.


BETTER PRICES FOR SUGAR

BEETS.


etc. None of these men has room are .held.


another successful in growing grain, ing Contracts until ' these conferences


4 .
A mirror door takes up no space and is as

handy in dressmaking time as a cheval-glass


\ ‘l

21-: A? ”


l r’ i 5%.

“rah"

l ’ .

~' , E “aw

.,_ ,. _ :5 - _ _ K, We

‘ f a -(w ‘ “ ' 'l—i'ﬁ‘

ﬂa- \ -E‘L i i“ y" ‘ a I l—————1—L‘ i

' ~ — ~4- Aitw "‘:"‘_t__,

W

- - Me’s-’5' - “1“.”

Doors

Windows

W :1, if: Window and

‘ Door Frames

Storm Doors


1‘

o

o

h


' nimnc


S-o I u.


and Windows

Screen Doors


and Windows

Stairways

Newels

Sideboards

Colonnades

Bookcases

Mantels

Window Seats

Wall Panels

Ceiling Beams

Mouldings

Porch Columns

Porch Rail

Porch Balusters

Everything in


Woodwork


C H A M b

“-0“: It-o


LWING ROOM

5-0‘ a oh.

9-“


E

E


I


1.1 _ - ~ ~ 2’ -a p a; k. . ‘- E:

4:?“ .. - I. 1 ~ ‘2 {'21: -. - '~-~. ’}

(9%” ﬁfe.) _ / // //~. -. -._ :

C

7“? {4‘7} ‘7: $2,”? / “Aqi;;>i"y [c

vi _ ‘ .\w 3 l' ' ' ~"‘- ,

l / \lf ‘ w 1 . q) . “w\

l \ ‘ \ T YMfS ”r ‘(wa ‘1” .

\i” W T \ . \ T I W h ‘2‘ ‘Wi—n‘ATeL-U ‘~

in l" \


- 4 u . ,v ,-‘.~. .- .. -, A _;a~ . 5,. J

,_(L <. -. W» .. ,, x,,~ <A’.»‘.-‘.,..-. - .

. w ‘i t '(«v ~:_ . 4,5, ,. ,' :.,- . ; t, if .1. . "r , .4 a: 3- -_-_u,,.. 3‘, . ' . ‘.


Wiﬁls Woodwork Makes Every

Inch Count . e. ”


The colonnade, with bookcases in the pedestals, gives impressive size to the

living and dining rooms of this small house, “Bramcote,” shown in “Better

Built Homes,” Volume II. The convenient combination sideboard and cups .

board takes up but little more space than a partition between dining-room #215

and kitchen. There is the window seat, too, that’s a storage space for house- ,

hold goods as well as a pleasant seat.


Nor overlook the mirror door that is handier than a cheval-glass in dress-


making time, because it takes up no room.


w.


~ ‘CUBRITSI


woonwonK ,


J"The Permanent Furniture for Your Home"


colonial entrances, Stairways, Sideboards, col- ,.

onnades, interior paneled doors, windows and g,

trims, each true to the best lines of that era, "1,“?

each above criticism in material and crafts«‘

manship. Do you like bungalows? Craftsman 1;

styles? You can find these and others, too, in ' 1*

the big catalog.


This permanent, immovable, built-in furni-

ture of your home is easily kept clean. Dust

cannot collect beneath and behind it. It’s in-

expensive, too, for such pieces as colonnades

require no lath and plaster behind them. They

utilize wall space.


The designs are all Curtis Standard Designs.


Their advantages to you, the home builder, are

many. You can get them promptly. You can

get them much more cheaply than you can have

special woodwork made to order. You can get

them more cheaply now because farm products

are comparatively higher than woodwork.


‘ The range in variety of Curtis Standard De-

signs is astounding. Go to a Curtis Dealer and

with him go through the big catalog showing


7 every design of Cu’iﬁls Woodwork.


Do you like the colonial in architecture?

In that catalog the Curtis Dealer can show you


You see the Curtis Dealer is a good man to

know. He is in a position to help you get the

utmost out of your building funds. Go to him :1;

before you even start planning your home. He

can help you avoid mistakes. He can offer

many valuable suggestions, and render real . '

service in your undertaking.


Get one of our free home books, keep in -

close touch with a Curtis Dealer, secure a good

contractor, select Standard th'fls WOOdwork

——we know of no better advice to the prospec~ if"

tive home builder. .


THE CURTIS COMPANIES, SERVICE BUREAU

1716-1816 South Second Street, Clinton, Iowa


Manufacturing and Distributing Plant; at ’

Lincoln. Neb. Minneapolis Wauaau, Wis. Oklahoma City Chicago Dam '

Topeka, Kansas Dayton, Ohio Eastern Offices at Pittsburgh and Waahinm an.


The makers of CURTIS Woodwork guarantee complete satisfaction to its users.

"We're not satisﬁed unless you are”


Clinton, Iowa

Sioux City. Iowa


These home books of plans are free. In furnishing wood-

WOrk for thousands, of the‘ better built homes of America


‘ we have seen about everything that is good in homes.


‘ Surely we have overlooked no features of ﬂoor plans, no'

details of woodwork that make for convenience, comfort,

and beauty in a home.


. These good things we have worked out, adapted, and com-

bined into home plans, we have published these plans and

oﬁer you your choice of two volumes free. u ‘ .


Your Choice of Home Books FREE


In each book about thirty houses are shown you in a way

that you can quickly understand. There’s an exterior view

and an interior. The ﬂoor plans are clear. There is an illus-

tration of some one particular piece of cu'iﬁ-IS Woodwork

that goes into that home. Suggestions for trim are included.


For the country or smaller town home builder there is no

service equal to that which is rendered by these home books

and 3 Curtis Dealer in co-Operation. Simply mail the coupon

for your choice of these books, free.


:IlllllllllllllllIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII!


THE CURTIS COMPANIES. SERVICE BUREAU

17164-816 5. Second St., Clinton. Iowa


Without obligation, please send me, free

“ Better Built Homes"—Vol. 11—63150 and under)

" Better Built Homes"—Vol. III-($3150 and up)

Mark the book you wish


2

v

3

'9


uuuununnum

N

a:

F’

La

0

2

:
.r ., 9 ’ ' Giving therBul‘Ih‘ig'F1193.


Your Cows Need'lhis Great

Milk-MakingWintere ed


Yes, sir! They need International Special Dairy Feed——

right now when Jack Frost has taken away all chance of


NTERNATIONAL

Special Dairy Feed


stimulates the appetite, keeps bowels open, and above all, increases

the milk ﬂow and lowers your feed bill. Hundreds of dairymen report

a gain of two quarts of milk per day from each cow. Figure out what

this would mean from your herd.


A ton of International will feed a cow six months and in that time

increase the milk yield by a value of at least ten dollars. Yet it costs

less than home grown feed.


Trya'l‘on'l‘oday


If you would keep your cows in (prime condition during

the "barn penod'f—if you won! reduce your feed bil

—if you would bring the milk production to its highest‘*=

natural ca ac1ty. and keep it there—try a ton of Inter-

national. o to your local dealer today. If he does not

sell it don't take a substitute. Write to us. Be sure

you at International.


International Sugar Feed Co.

Minneapolis, Minn.

Mills at Minneapolis and Honolulu


Write The Guarantee Manufacturing Co.

Dept. B. 1, BALTIMORE, MD.


torItheir beautiful illustrated catalog which fully de-

scribes all the latest improvements on t e

GUARANTEE LIME & FERTILIZ .lt SPREADER

also mixing. covering and harrowing attachment


I


> the most satisfactory spreader made for spreading lime. ground limestone and commercial fertilizer.


You Will Save Money By Writing To The Above Referred to Company Today


.By I. J.’ MATHEWS


P ICTURES and names of the world’s tester’s private. record as well as on


champion dairy animals are com- the stable milk-sheet.

mon. Below the picture the rec. , After the milk has been poured back


0rd of the individual is usually given. and forth from one bucket to another

To explain what this record consists of four or ﬁve times, the tester dips out

and the conditions under which it was a pint or half-pint sample. Out of this


made will clarify the popular atmos- he takes enough to make the Babcock

phere on the question of what consti- test; likewise he takes out an amount

tutes greatness in a dairy bull. proportionate to the total weight of the

Some bulls are great through their milk produced. This last sample en-

ability to carry off the blue ribbon ters into a sample containing a portion

Wherever shown in competition with of. the milk at each drawing. This


. other bulls of the same class and while sample is called a “composite: one and


such an individual is truly great, there is sent to the state institution super-

have been cases where the individual vising the test in- order that the tests

was neither the get of good ancestors er’s averages may be veriﬁed.

nor the getter of outstanding progeny. This procedure goes on for seven

There are other, great bulls made so days or as long a period as the owner

by great masters who understand the wishes. Each milking is carefully

art and science of advertising, but weighed and tested and the oﬂ‘icial re-

again this criterion of greatness does sults are those which the tester com-

not always show the true value of the putes, using his own weights and tests.

bull inasmuch as many of the world’s This is what is known as an ofﬁcial

greatest individuals have been lost be- test.

fore their value was known. Then, The semi-ofﬁcial test is one that is

there can be no doubt but that a great usually conducted for a year and the

many bulls have gone down to oblivion weights and tests are taken two days

because they were always used on out of every month, seldom the same

grade cows or because their daughters two days in the month. The tester

were owned by dairymen who did not shows up without warning, weighs and

believe in ofﬁcial testing. tests the milk, the same as in the oili-

Most bulls now known widely have, cial test and the fat percentage for the

however, achieved fame because of the whole month is computed on the av-

fact that their daughters were uniform- erage of the two days. If the weights

1y good milkers. In some instances given by the owner on the stable sheet

this capacity to convert feed into milk do not materially differ from the gen-

has been handed down from the sire to eral run of weights which the tester

the third and fourth generation of fe- ﬁnds when he comes to the farm, the

King Segis (86-75-46). The breed association usually takes the

weights reported by the owner. This

is called a semi-ofﬁcial test and is by


males.

ﬁgures in the parentheses are likelso

many hieroglyphics unless one under-

stands them. Properly construed, they many breeders given more credence

tell tales of greatness. They mean than the ofﬁcial test because it shows

that King Segis had eighty-six daugh- What the cow can do over an entire lacs

ters which were tested ofﬁcially and tation period rather than for a little

came up to the requirements set by the spurt when she is at her best. Both

breed association for their age. King tests are good, however, and the short-

Segis had also seventy-ﬁve sons, each time test has the advantage in that it

of which had sired at least one daugh- can be conducted a little cheaper. At

ter that was tested ofﬁcially and came the same time, it shows What the cow

up to the requirements. Out of his is capable of doing when up to maxi-


. 1-;07/3

W25 /./

I 65 / 21/ /


2/1/47 .

’ /,’..’.’r


1’


2/

.4


ll/ / r

r/x’y/

.'./


Z74!


Armour Fertilr ers


General omen: CHICAGO , ,


Greensboro, N. C. Wilmington, N. C.

Jacksonville, Fla. Augusta, Ga.

New Orleans, La. Houston, Texas; -


Atlanta, Ga.

Nashville, Tenn.

Baltimore, Md. '


w


*‘When,-Writing tOIadVQPﬂSars please state that

”mine: ad.- "I It‘s: Nineteen; Fame


eighty-six tested daughters forty—six of mum speed.

\them had heifer calves which became A point rarely mentioned is that

COWS that came UP to the breed re‘ practically all of these high-record

iquirements as shown by the ofﬁcial cows are milked three and four times

test. a day and that most semi-ofﬁcially test-


What is a tested daughter? Some ed cows are milked three times a day.

breeders believe there exists a hokus‘ Some breeders claim this to be imprac-

pokus about feeding WhiCh makes it tical and hence should be discontinued,

possible for these cows to come up to but the fact is that a cow high in milk

the standard, hence they have no faith will produce enough more to pay for

in the test and never tI‘Y it- The idea is, the added time incuriged in making the

however, far from the truth for many one or two extra sittings.

COWS have made exceptional records Bulls receive their ph_ D_’S when

With very ordinary methods. MOI‘E‘OV‘ their daughters can_qualify under these

er, it may be said in candor that some rigid and searching requirements. “By

record cows are fed rather elaborately. their fruits ye shall know them” air

In great contrast, however, attention plies to bulls as well as men, and under

is called t0 the fact that many COWS these conditions, the truly famous bulls

are fed elaborately, yet DGVGI‘ 001119 11D of the dairy breeds are so because they

to the breed requirements because they have been able to leave their impres-

do not possess the inherent capacity. sion on the dairy cattle of countless


How is a Cow Tested? generations to come.


To show how a cow is tested, we will -——-—————--—


assume Jim Jones to own a cow that LIVE STOCK NEWS.


he believes capable of coming up to


the association’s requirements. He According to CharlesBroughton, 0f


writes to the secretary of his breed VVhiteSide county, IllinOis, farmers are

9 . . holding their small grains for spring


assocmtion gleg the name and num- and summer stock feeding. In compli-


ber of this cow and the approximate ance with the request of the govern-


date on which she will freshen. This ment food bureau. farmers have put in


. a . . . a large acreage of \Vinter W heat.

« . 7 9


State department charged With super- Iowa, was on the Chicago market a

vising these tests. As soon as the short, time ago with acarload of steers

owner notiﬁes the state department “'hlch averaged m W‘ﬂght 1,314 pounds

that the cow has calved a tester is and found a ready purchaser at $1225

’ ’ per 100 pounds. The cattle were bought


sent to start the teat; he comes un- on the twentieth day of last August,

heralded. He must be at the farm at at thiCltl guy; th'ﬁ; averaged 1.020 lbs..

- - - an cos . . ey were run on pas—

least one milking period before the test ture up to the close of August, when

commences and at thlS tlme he satIS‘ they were Started on a little green

ﬁes himself that the cow has been corn. They were kept on acorn ra-

milked dry. At the next milking, the Elgltlh WhiCh was 529%92,” QBCIVnge? un-

‘ . . . . i eywereona 11 'ee. eseers

testei weighs the pail, Sits in full View made gains of 294 pounds in 110 days.

of the attendant whlle the milk 1% be- This was the fourth load of cattle fed


ing' drawn, then takes possession of in93919’971 by tllliis. yolung1 feeder, and he

.9 9, . . h 33.1 ey a ma e 1m money. In

the pad cOntents and all weighing ,t e July he marketed a .carload of cattle


same on a PM? Of scales he brings with which sold for $13.40. :As” fee ers e

lbim.» This Flight is recorded ir thepaid $9.75 forthem, ! ’ d ., hf


t \


w.


A.

wet»...
A.

“an.”


THIS {WINTER


Not in a long time haVe dairymen

been called upon to use products of

such uncertain food value as they have

this year. The extreme lateness of the

growing and ripening season left farm-

ers last fall with large quantities of

inferior grain and fodder which they

have to feed on their farms or allow it

to go to waste. High prices have tend-

_ed to encourage the sale of all mer-

chantable products, thus further deplet-

ing the dairyman’s supplies of stan-

dard feeding stuffs.


As a result or this condition, the

feeder of dairy cows must exercise ad-

ditional precaution to keep the animals

in good health and producing condi-

tion. Where one has feeds of known

value, it is a comparatively easy task

to ﬁgure out proper rations; but Where

the quantity of digestive food nutrients

in the feeds vary Within a considerable

margin the balancing is made a more

difﬁcult and unsatisfactory job. How-

ever, this is the problem before many

dairymen this winter. .


In the absence of exact chemical

analyses of this immature fodder and

inferior grains, the feeder must take

recourse to the old method of “feeding

and watching.” The cow’s health and

her performance at the pail are the

feeder’s best guide when dealing with

this class of feeds. Even when using

grains and roughage of standard qual-

ity, where the most scientiﬁc methods


are employed in parcelling out to the


animals, the feeder must make the an-

imal the court of last resort in decid-

ing the value of the ration. With a

large number of dairymen this winter,

however, they will be obliged to look

to the animal almost entirely in com-

pounding the food rations. This nat-

urally will require more skill and care-

ful attention than is needed where the

scales and tables eliminate most of the

chance in going wrong.


A man can ﬁnd more reasons for do-

ing as he wishes than for doing as he

ought. ~—-Ruskin.


‘ WHY KEEP COWS?

(ﬂ Why not let cows keep you? The average


cow is insufﬁciently fed and working two-thirds time.

The lost one-third would be nearly all proﬁt.


{ﬂ What you want is results not theory.


What makes a 10000 lb. or 300001b. cow? Simply good

feeding methods and the right feed. Our business is feeding

cows right.


, {ﬂ Why did Jolie Topsy make 1032 lbs. fat?


She was fed Unicorn Dairy Ration. Unicorn helps

any cow do her best.


11] Practice beats theory. You can’t fail with

Unicorn. Dairying is proﬁtable with good cows. Feed


your cows Unicorn and make more money.


ql Don’t save ﬁfty cents and miss ﬁfty dollars.


Representative leaders of every dairy breed are now

using Unicorn with satisfaction. Every bag equally uniform.

Send for Cow Testers’ Manual free and proofs.


CHAPIN cs, 00., Dept.111.CHICAGo


Mos mum i

in,” ”1.0!! g


imRANTEED ANALYS's-i‘


A necessity for :1; Eii successful dairying

+ .


EIN 26% FAT

gunmen 5011111115;


Ii


...........


XCHAPINJcCO-éz


“‘Mnououuu ‘3

a. , , , .. ya


PE RFE‘CTION


M I I— K E R

“‘1 Milk Thirty Cows An Hour, Alone.”


HAT’S what farmers suction is adjustable to exactly

who use the Perfec- suit hard or easy milking cows.

tion are saying from The Perfection teat Cllp ﬁts all


coast to coast. sizes of teats. It 18 easy to clean._


If your son or your hired man has been

The Perfection is the called to the colors, you will still be able


friend Who comes in with: to get your milking done easily, if you

out grumbling or complain- have fhe Perfection to help y0u. You can

ing-and (does the milking. He even Increase the size of your herd, if you


, Wish and thereby do your share in increasing

mllks eaCh COW carefully and the production of dairy foods of which the

qu1ckly.


. He keeps the mllk country really is in need.

clean. He doesn’t howl and swear .

at the switching of the cow’s tail.


C. F. Andrews of Richmond, Vermont, says:


manner in about an hour. I see no change' 1n the amount of


Ions in this State. each one of which are satisfactory. and if I Veto


to please the cow better than 1.1.5.311 anothetoumw Wuldbeahﬁecm ”


"1 mill: 32 cows with my Perfection Milker 1n asauﬂm , ‘


Hi8 qUiet bUSineSSIike way'8 seem we get. We have no teat or udder trouble. I know of 40 Perfec- . " - 1.


those of the hand milkers. With

one good .man he can milk 30

cows in an hour. And he never

quits his job.


The Perfection milks nature’s

way, with a gentle suction, a spiral

downward squeeze, followed by a

period of complete release. .The


Perfection Manufacturing Company

313:! E. [Honnenln Avenue


T. P. Peterson of Blooming Prairie, Minn., says:


“1 use two double unit Perfection Milkers, and with them

milk 27 cows in less than an hour. My cows made more butter

fat per cow last year. milked with a Perfection Milker, than they

ever made before. I bought another Perfection Milking Machine

last fall for my other farm. I prefer the Perfection to any of the

other makes that l have seen. and I believe' at is easier on the cows.

and the expense of keeping it in repair is very small. I an: oath-

lied that it has no bad effect on the cows if properly operand

I would not be without a Perfection Milker as long I! 1 milk

cows.”


Get a Perfection Milker and increase

your earning capacity. Write today fer

free copy of our new illustrated catalog.


Minneapolis. ,, Minnesota


‘ v

r

,3

.4


l
2 ”to THE MILK PRODUCERS OF THE


The Michigan Milk Producers’ Asso-

V‘so’mc very important facts.


”great increase in the amount of milk

coming into Detroit. The Detroit sup—


" ‘vising the conservation of all foods,


DETROIT AREA.


elation desires to call your attention to


First, recently there has been a very


ply has increased over twentyper cent.

Second, consumption has decreased


about ﬁfteen per cent, due to the fol-


lowing reasons:


The United States government is ad-


butter, cheese, cream and milk with

the rest. The government has ordered

the elimination of milk from some of

the baked goods, such as bread.


The people of the cities have not

been educated to the food value of milk

and many think it too expensive for

family use at the price ﬁxed by the

milk commission. Consequently, this

surplus is growing larger each day.


The Detroit buyers cannot continue

.to store great quantities of milk in

their refrigerators.


Remember that an over supply, espe-

3cially of a perishable product, is a ser-

ious menace to any industry.


Another very serious fact is that cer—

tain producers have insisted upon ig-

noring the decision and ﬁndings of

their association and the Detroit Milk

Commission. They want to be inde-

pendent and are selling their product

to a» party who is cutting the price to

a ruinous rate in the city. 11‘ this con»

tinues it will result in a milk slaugh-

ter, the like of which you have never


seen. The Detroit dealers cannot con-

tinue to pay the commission price for

milk unless they can sell at the com-

mission price. If you Ignore the com-

mission f‘indings, and sell independent-

ly, your losses will be of your own

choosing. We repeat to you again, that

the producer and buyer who will not

cooperate, who will not be governed by

the commission ﬁndings, are a serious

menace to their own interests. A sta-

bilized industry is our only hope in

this .day of organized cooperation.


Milk in Detroit today, at the com—

mission price, fourteen cents per quart,

is the cheapest food product, on the

market, but the people do not realize

this. You have never laid before them

the facts concerning the food value of

milk. You have never advertised your

product.

~ Other industries organize, advertise


and cooperate. The farmer, in his de—'

sire to be independent, wants to go

alone, and he does this always at his

own loss.


To relieve the present unfortunate

condition, every can of milk that can

be, should, be kept out of the Detroit

market for the next two months.


‘The Detroit distributors are now

making contracts with our association,

by which they agree to accept no milk,

except that produced by members of


‘ the Michigan Milk Producers’ Associa-

tion. We advise all producers to sign

the application and agreement of the


Michigan Milk Producers’ Association


at once.


As, with a large surplus on hand. it


I is self evident that a date in the near

future must be ﬁxed beyond which we

can do lo'nger ask the Detroit distrib»

utors to accept milk from producers

»Wh0 are not members of our associa-

tion.


A very' large proportion of the De—

troit dealers seem disposed to treat you

fairly, and we are hoping in years to

_.*come, to secure to them a more uni-

" form supply through the months of the

year, so as to avoid a serious surplus

nd waste at any period of the year.


this policy, for upon such action only,


iiuetry in the Detroit area.

. Very truly yours,


R. C. REED,


-v.


germination. _~


It has been and is the policy of the

oﬁcers of the Michigan Milk Produc-

"ers’ Association to be broad-minded

_ g ,d fair in the treatment of the produc-

er and. buyer. We propose to continue


can we hope to stabilize the dairy in-


<


Masai-aim Michigan Milk Pro- , '


" ’T'H E t mm H is A ,


know


over


SEND FOR THESE

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They're well worth having.

Our catalog tells all about the

famous New Idea Spreader.

and ' Helping Mother Na-

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You never saw as many

dollar‘saving facts collected

In so_small a space before or

told in so interesting a way.

You'll surely like ‘ Hel ing

Mother Nature." vyrite

today and address me at

Box 536


‘. . .4

\-‘ . 2 .


!


Pllfon lﬁz‘tr Farm .’ .


. That’s a stoutﬂstatement, but "the facts bear it out. There

lsnt another implement made that will bring you as great

return for the cost and the work as a good spreader will. You


that the question of fertility of your land is at the. bottom "


of your success as a farmer. You cannot keep on taking crops

from the $011 unless you restore the fertilizing elements.


Fertilizing elements .go straight down. They will not spread themselves.

Therefore, if you are gomg to get bumper crops, you have to put manure


every inch of the soil. You can't do that by the old pitchfork and . \


wagon method, and you can’t do it with many of the Spreaders offered.


I've been_building manure Spreaders ever since I was fifteen years old. I sold

over two. million dollars worth of them last year. and every one of them is giving

satisfaction today. I've learned something in all these years about these ma-

chines. and I've put everything I know into building the


N Rt‘i',isfr.‘rcd IUS.P.1‘OH A


riginalWide SpreadingSpreader


Look at its wide distribution--seven feet at least. It was

the ﬁrst Wide spreader, and it has always 'held the lead.

Look at the way it pulverizes the manure—so ﬁne that you

can safely scatter it over growing corn. Can you do that

with any other?


Then it’s light draft—easy for the team. It's low down

--_easy for the men. You can load the bed thirty inches

high, and scatter B. 6. 9, 12 or 15 loads to the acre. _


Let me tell you that without a New Idea Spreader you

are wasting your most valuable asset-—the fertility of your -

land. With a New Idea standing where you can throw the

manure from the stalls right into it. hauling it on your ﬁelds as soon as

it is full. you are getting every dollar's worth of crop food right where

it is needed. at the least labor. just when it is needed.


Ask any county agent. any experiment station man. what right

distribution of manure will do for you.


I haven‘t exaggerated a bit. Thousands of good farmers have proved

it themselves. Thousands know it pays to use the right kind of

spreader. and that the New Idea is right in every particular.


Stop wasting your fertilizer! Feed your land and get more out ofitl

Let me send you my book, "Helping Mother Nature." which tells the

facts about manure. and fulldescription of the peerless New Idea. 3 . l


money maker for your farm. ' I

Set;F themachine at the New Idea dealer‘s. If you don't know ,'


him. we Will send you his name. )

B. C. OPPENHEIM, Mgr.


NEW IDEA SPREADER Co. ‘


"Spreader Specialists ’ ’

MAIN OFFICE AND FACTORY:—COLDWATER. OHIO ,

Branches: Harrisburg Pa., Colum-

s. .. Indianapolis, nd., [ac son,

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) 1.


Thousands in Use


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prices and generous trial terms, our offer includel our—


or narrow tires. Steel

running gear. , Wagon

today for freshmen has


vestigating our wonderful offer: u brand new, we“

mode, easy running, easily cleaned, perfect skim-


milk closely. Makes thick or thin cream. Different

_ ' . from picture, which illustrates our low priced. __

large capacity machines" Bowl in a sanitary marvel and embodies all our latest ~

improvements. Our Abooluto Guarantee Protects You. Besides wonderfully low


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Whether dairy is large or small, or if you have separator of any make to emchan e, do not /—— ::- if .

full to get our great'oﬂer. Our richly illustrated catalog. sent free on request, {is n most I '

complete, elaborate andunterestm book on cream separators. Western ordoro ﬂllod troll! "

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American Separator 0)., Box 1051 , Bainbridge. N.Y.


‘ FARM WAGONS ‘1'.


- "is High or low‘wheels—steel or wood—wide


imp. co, erg-r


giving splendid sat-

isfaction justiﬁes in-


Skima warm or cold


~ 0d Minter '


The milk ﬂow will be cuter and more 2811- -

mus if the udder in free from sores.‘cuts,

chaps. bruises, cracks. bunches or inﬂammation.


Bag Balm. the great healing ointment. to

used in thousands of the best dairies for all

udder troubles, cow pox, and any exterior

wound or hurt. Caked Bug is quickly re-

moved by Bag Balm: Its great penetratl

qualities soothe and soften the tissues an

hasten normal healing. Keep Bu Balm on

hand always.


Sold in his 500 packages by feed denial

glad druulsts. "Write for tree booklet.


,ernkla.

‘ DAIRY ASSOCIATION 60.. mil-villa. Vt.


When writingto advertisers ‘ .

please intention" the Micki-m. " ,

933m“ - , m >’


or wad‘whee s to ﬁt any

”11th allrkkds. Write


._ 1-.
LITERATURE ‘12:: FARM BOY

POETRY one GIRI.

HISTORY one SCIENTIFIC ana-

~ INFORMATION . MECHANICAL


.q.


This Magazine Section forms apart of our paper every week. Every article is written especially for it, and does not appear elsewhere


‘e


l L . WORLD EVENTS IN PICTURES


So Thoroughly Have the Huns Drenched the Allied Lines with Asphyxiating

'- Gases that School Children are Obliged to Have Gas Masks to

American Engineers who Dropped their Tools and Fought the Germans to 3 Protect Themselves in Emergencies.

Standstill in the Cambrai Campaign.


An Incendiary Grenade Attack where Flashes from Bursting Shells Turned

Members of the Boston Red Sox who have Joined the Colors and Are Train- Night IMO Day- TPOOPS Often Advance Under SUCh a Barrage of Flre.

ing to Fight for chle Sam‘as they Have for Baseball Pennants.


. ' ' A French Sausage Balloon Formerly Used for Observation Work on Battle

A British Dressing Station Located Near the Front Lines and Within Range Fronts NOW Employed for Coast Patrol Work.

of the Enemy’s Fire. British Batteries in Action in the Foreground. -


Picture of Boiler in an1nterned German Ship Showing Howr Crews Triedrto


min‘deg'qames. Rendergthe, Vessels Unﬁt for Use by Melting Down ThroughFDI-y Firiw’


”examinees Capturedvby the thﬂéh pi (Battle of Che
1‘4 4 '9.


5.569e-16 7


~ Put This fizzle-5d ver

In] (If Stables


Why half equip your barn with modern dairy ﬁxtures?

Only the best—the mostconvenient—jthe greatest time—savmg

equipment will prove the best investment in the long run:~ _ ’


You’ll surely-want the West Bend one-lever control which operates

from two to ﬁfty stanchions at once.


THE


J


Today/Zr

‘ 777/5 free

Book


' With this remarkable time-saver you can stand at one end

of a row of 50 cows, throw a single lever, and lock them all in

their stanchions, or release them——if you use West Bend Swinging Stanchions

and Cow Stops. With the same equipment you can release any cow or lock

her in separately. It’s the greatest time-saving, labor-saving device in modern

barn equipment. Wigéﬁthis equipment you can lock in or release 50 cows in about the

same time you woul - dividually spend on one cow, with ordinary equipment and do

it quicker and with absolute safety for you do not have to approach the cows’ heads.


Cows Can’t 'Get Their Heads In Wrong


The West Bend Automatic Cow Stop prevents the animal putting‘its head any

lace but the right one. West Bend Barn Equipment costs no more than the “other

ind"-—but there is no comparison between them. The West Bend Line is complete,


including Stanchions, Stalls, Bull and Calf Pens, Feed and Litter Carriers, Watering

Systems, Barn Ventilators, etc. We can equip any barn, large or small.


Get The West Bend Catalog NOW!


Ask your local barn equipment dealer about the West Bend Line. Write us for

complete catalog and details of our free service department. Find out all about the


West Bend Line before you place an order for barn equipment of any kind.


WEST BEND BARN EQUIPMENT C0., 280 So. Water St., West Bend, Wis.


Ratify SURE lite,


m


C. a. PHILLIPS

the Wool Fat Man


lWanl You in Try lli's lle'aln and al lly Expense


come

I am making this liberal offer because; know t at after you have tested this


wonderful remedy you Wlll never be Without it again.

CORONA WOQL FAT is extracted. from the skin and wool of sheep—its healing, soothing,

enetrating qualities are unlike anything you have ever used. For Galled and Sore Shoulders,

ecks, Collar Boils, Barb Wire or other Cuts, Wounds, Scratches, Split Hoots, Sore and Con-

tracted Feet on horses, Sore Teats on Cows, etc., it has no equal. It will not blister.


.I don’t ask you to take my word for it—get this free box and prove it for yourself. A stal

brings it free and postpaid. We also manufacture Corona Distemper Cure forhorses an cows

and Corona Balm for household use. Corona Remedies are for sale by leadinﬁ Blacksmiths,

Druggists, Hardware dealers and Harness dealers. Send for free trial box T0 AY.


c. G. PHILLIPS Mr. THE CORONA MFG. COMPANY 80‘13 Kenton Ohio


on as


it


The Road

By J. H.


UCH interest has been taken in

the construction of the county

road that runs west of Battle

Creek to the main entrance of Camp

Custer.


This is the ﬁrst strip of “asphalt

concrete” to be built in Michigan right

out in the country past farm homes

that have never had even a decent

gravel road for the farmers to haul

their produce to this .city. For several

years it has been a problem as to what

kind of a pavement is best to build on

the main or trunk lines of highway

across the state and between the larg»


to ‘ camp Custer


i“


BROWN , .


while hot and rolled by large and heavy

steam rollers until the material is cool-

ed enough on the base to support it.

The difference in laying sheet asphalt

is that the mixture is ten parts of melt-

ed asphalt to ninety parts of graded

hard sands. This mixture, while hot,

is laid all in one body or sheet on the

concrete base. The asphaltic concrete

cost somewhat less and will wear ex-

actly as well as the sheet asphalt.


The reason we are inclined to be-

lieve the asphaltic concrete surface on-

a concrete base best of all, is that the

surface can be kept in good repair for


Finsmllm Dmonhhuomﬂmvk

BUSINESS men and ﬁnanéial institutions

to whom a Detroit connection is desirable

ﬁnd in the strength and country-wide connec-

tions of this bank exceptionally efficient and

valuble service.


DETROIT


i § , Pro

Employment


'i Use your spare time profitably by


farep'rosenting the Michigan Farmer in

your neighborhood. You can work up


Let Us Tan Your Hide


Gloves, Mitts and Caps.


and make them into Coats, Robes, Furs,


Sylvania Tanning Co. Sylvania, 0.


or cities. Gravel wears out too fast.


many years.


When a hole begins to


Concrete is being tried in Wayne coun-

ty and is giving good service, so far.

Brick has been used quite generally in.

Ohio.


The accompanying picture is of a

section of the asphaltic concrete coun-

try road from Battle Creek to Camp


Custer. It looks as smooth as glass

but it is not at all slippery like Sheet

asphalt. It is a joy to drive over this

road and it will stand all kinds of

heavy truck trafﬁc. When bad spots

appear in this pavement it can be re-

paired exactly as is done with the

sheet asphalt surface on Detroit city

streets.


The concrete base is four to ﬁve

inches thick on this new road. The


' asphaltic concrete top is two inches


thick, and made of a mixture of eight

parts of melted asphalt to ninety-two

parts of hard and ﬁnely crushed stone

and hard sand, thereby making a. spe-

cies of concrete. The mixture is laid


show it can be cut out and new mate-

rial put in at once. Trafﬁc will not be

delayed during repair. There will be

a good bond around the edge and in

twenty-four hours any vehicle may run

over the spot.


Asphaltic concrete cost considerably

less than brick pavement and is more

easily repaired. It is not necessary to

provide expansion joints. The Wayne


‘concrete roads are ﬁne, but are show-


ing some wear, and the expansion

joints are more or less tiresome to

drive over after a few miles.


Gravel roads are the best and cheap-

est for many of our country roads be—

tween cities and villages where the

trafﬁc is not too hard or heavy. But

gravel will not stand the ﬁerce trafﬁc

on the trunk roads and our farmers

cannot be taxed to build and keep them

up. The state and federal government

must provide much of the funds, and is

already doing it.


Bumper the White Rabbit


By GEORGE ETHELBERT WALSH


Copyrignt'. 1917. by Geo. E. Walsh


ashore from his liaft, he was

so happy that he gave the

board a kick with his two hind legs,

and sent it spinning far out into the

stream. He supposed that he was all

alone, and no one had seen him land,

but he was surprised when a voice near

him cried out:

“Look out!

to do?’f

There was a ﬂop in the water, and

when Bumper turned he saw a queer

looking ﬁsh swimming toward the

shore, using his hind legs instead of

ﬁns to propel him along. He had big,

staring eyes,.and a green head, with

white under his throat. '.

“That’s what I call a mean trick!”

the swimmer added, hopping upon a


W HEN the White Rabbit hopped


What are you trying


a pleasant and profitable business tak-


lily-pad, for it was Mr. Bull-Frog that


Bumper Meets a Fox


excellent swimmer I should have been

dead by this time.” ‘


“What did I do?” asked Bumper, in

surprise. >


“What did you do?”iwas the indig—

nant retort. “What but push that

board against my lily-pad and knock

me in the water! I call that doing a

good deal.”


Bumper was inclined to laugh at the

angry Bull-Frog, who was swelling up

to twice his usual size and pufﬁng out

his cheeks;. but he refrained from this

when he realized that he had uninten-

tionally ”disturbed the frog’s noon'day

siesta. So he answered in a friendly

way, hoping to pacify his feelings.


“I’m sorry, Mr. Frog, but I didn’t see

you on that lily-pad. The fact is, your

head is exactly the color of the lily~

pad, and no one could distinguish ita.


,lng care of new and renewal subscrip-

‘gflo'ne for us. You will be interested in


We Want to Start 100 New Agents


(men and women this month, taklnﬁeordors fol-trees &

o


few feet away. What a. lovely greenit


Bumper hadmistaken for a queer ﬁsh.

is, too—your head, I mean)? .. .


“Yogupset me from thatlleaf and dis-


All FABMER.


'Qur‘speclall literature and attractive uhrubberytor’sprl deliver-yam! repeal-l induce.

_ Sﬂl‘l $5.011 rates. .xAddI‘OQS. (mantle foﬁuiok not on. Toy-weeklyf Write for outﬁt.

glue ' . *‘ Pony unery 60., ~ 2. j . _ , "'N'Y‘,


turbed my sleep. It 'I hadn’t been an


MilBulrFrog was; arrai‘ﬂilﬂi‘“


3 4:1. . 4..
ceptible- to ﬂattery as Mr. Crow, and


“I’m afraid I’d get my feet wet. Be-


his ruffled feelings began to subside.

“Yes, I fancy it is a pretty green,” he

said. “I’ve always heard that the lily

was the prettiest of ﬂowers, and that’s

,why my family is attracted to it. Would

you like to sun yourself on one of

these pads? They're very soft and

cool.”


“No, thank you,” laughed Bumper.


sides, I am desperately hungry. If you

don‘t mind I’ll eat some of these de-

licious leaves and grasses."


“Go ahead. I don’t mind. But 1 can’t

see what you like about. them to eat.”


“Neither can I see why a frog likes

ﬂies and insects._ Ugh! The thought

of eating them makes me sick.”


“Well,” remarked Mr. Frog, “1 sup-

pose everyone to his taste. As for me,

I prefer ﬂies and worms, and—~”


He stopped suddenly and looked

through the low brush into the woods

back of the river front. Bumper was

so busy ﬁlling his little stomach with

green, succulent things that he scarce-

ly noticed the other‘s hesitation.


———and," continued Mr. Frog, after a

pause, “some animals prefer eating

rats, lizards, toads, and rabbits.”


“Rabbits!” exclaimed Bumper. “Who

eats -rabbits '2”


“Mr. Fox for one,” answered the

Frog, “and if my eyes don’t deceive me

there’s one in the bushes waiting to

eat. you. If you’ll excuse me, I‘ll take

a dive. I’ve known Mr. Fox to eat

frogs when he was very hungry.”


There was. a flop in the Water, and

the bull—frog disappeared from sight.

Bumper reared up on his hind legs and

looked around him. He had never seen


;\\\\\\

»\\\\\\\\\\\\\\§V’


s

M


“I

\/


__- .


l"

\vr’t


a fox, but his mother had often told

him tales about their cruelty. They

were. forever hunting little rabbits to

eat, and they were as sly and cunning

as they were barbarous.


Bumper’s quick eye caught sight of

Mr. Fox hiding in the bushes, and, for

a moment, his heart beat a loud tattoo.

What. was he to do? Jump back in

the river and try to swim across to the

opposite shore, or face the fox and tryi

to escape from him by running?


The woods were very thick all along

the river’s bank, and there were many

good hiding-places; but Mr. Fox stood

ready to head him off either way he‘

ran. Bumper was in a quandary just!

what. to do.


“Good morning, Mr. Fox!” he called:

hoping to gain time by being polite and

friendly.


Mr. Fox sniffed the air, raising his

nose several inches above his head. He

seemed quite uncertain about some—

thing, but his nose apparently satisfied

him.


“Good morning,” he. answered finally,

“But. what a joke you played l


grinning.


on me, Mr. Rabbit. I couldn't believei

my own eyes. VVhat’s happened to!

you?”


2

“Why, nothing," stammered Bumper}:


mystified. “\Vhy do you ask such a“

question.”

“Why? Because you’re all white. I


thought first )ou were a ghost. And

your eyes——they‘re pink. Whoever

heard of a White rabbit with pink

eyes?"


Bumper was quick to see the cause

of the fox’s surprise. Like the crow,

he had never seen a white rabbit be-


(Continued on page 65).


____,_________.

CHILDREN’S PLEDGE.


I will avoid all waste, to this I truly

swear;


I will be careful of my clothes and ev-

erything l wear.


No foolish pennies will I spend, but!


save that I may give


To those less fortunate than I who ﬁnd

it hard to live.


And what I take upon my plate I’ll eat

up every bit;


Nor make comﬂaint because I am not

fond of i . ‘


And dishes now I’ll learn to eat, as fast

as I am able; .


But one thing I will not. be, that’s “ﬁn-

icky at table!”


This pledge I take because I am


,A; soldier true of Uncle Sam."


~..


~ _,_._..__-___..._.~._’


‘,__.___________________._.~__


. . ‘

1'4“ . , l ' t I

h. ‘ II" c ,l , u h ‘ \ J AI ‘ 91“,“ ‘ i

‘\ Al - ’( hail"! ’1“ ‘ \I\


.12.;


. t

l‘.


.g '_ “L . J\ .

y ‘ l/' A Y. ‘ n I ‘Ian‘ ‘1. . 1“,”; Xgi‘


M 0 LI N E J


UNIVERSAL rnAcron


“It Solves (be 12m. Heb Prdeem”


from the farms because of the war


——-strong, skilled, willing workers,

only a small part of whom can be replaced

by older men, boys and women. Yet pro-

duction of food must be increased. There is

only one way—equip the men left on the farms

so they can do more work than ever before.


With the Moline-Universal—the original

two-wheel tractor—One Man can farm‘

more land than was ever before possible,

because——


One Man has power at his command

equal to ﬁve horses, capable of doing the

work of seven horses owing to its greater

speed and endurance. This power is

always available for any farm work.


One Man operates the Moline-Universal

Tractor from the seat of the implement to

which it is attached, where he must sit in

order to do good work.


One Man can start in the spring and go

from one operation to another—plowing,

harrowing, planting, cultivating, mowing,

harvesting grain or corn, spreading manure,

ﬁlling the silo, cutting woo_d, etc., doing all

farm work from one year’s end to another,

independently of horses or hired help.


All these one-man operations with the

Moline-Universal are possible because it is

mounted on two wheels, all its weight is

traction weight; it is powerful—pulls two.

14-inch bottoms easily—yet it is light so


TWO MILLION MEN will be gone


that it does not pack the soil. The M0-

line-Universal attaches direct to the im-

plement, making one compact unit.


One woman or boy operates the Moline-

Universal as easily as a man. Miss Ruth

Harding of Albion, N. Y., a proud owner of

a Molinchniversal, writes: “I have never

called a man from his work to assist me

with the tractor in any way."


Thousands of Moline-Universal Tractors

are now at work under every conceivable

condition in all parts of the United States

and in Canada, England, France, Sweden,

Norway, Denmark, Russia, Italy, Spain,

Mexico, Peru, Argentine, Brazil, Cuba,

Gautemala, South Africa, Australia. Where-

ever a Moline- Universal Tractor is sold

there is immediately a big demand for more.


The demand for Moline-Universal Trac-

tors has far exceeded our expectations.

We built an enormous factory which 'is

devoted entirely to making Moline-Uni-

versal Tractors and three times have

erected large additions to c0pe with the

enormous demand. We now have the

largest tractor factory in the world. .


Moline sales and service branches cover

the country. No purchaser is ever more

than a few hours away from Moline service;


The Moline-Universal will solve your 7

It is ready for ,

Write us today for free booklet '


help and power problems.

you now.

giving full description of the Moline-Uni-

versal and name of nearest Molineadcalcr.


Address Department 42


MOLlNE PLOW COMPANY,


Moline, lllinoi’


Write for Catalog and


t“ T. FERRELL & co.,


Made in Two Sizes: 5:3; 5:}; 235.00.


in Successful Farming lhm Factors an Prominent—tin Soil, lhc Man and Good had.

The Clipper Cleaner puts success within your reach by insuring the Good Seed


The (‘lipper is different in principle from all

other grain and seed cleaners. It has been thor.

oughly triedout by years of constant use by

thousands of the best farmers, the l'. H. Depart-

ment of Agriculture. Agricultural (‘olleges, lix-


”the “Clpper” Grain and Seed Cleaner;


scedsiuen, seed corn growers, etc.


separating the light, shrunken, immature seed from

the plump, heavy mature seed, 92% of which will


of the difference between crop success and failure.


the Proper Assortment of Screens


“'e furnish an outfit of 12 screens fort-leaningand

grading all kinds of seed, seed grain. seed corn,

clovers, alfalfa, millet, timothy, ﬂax, peas. beans.

('0\\' peas. soy beans, etc. And. after the most careful

study and tests in actual work, we guarantee this

screen outﬁt to be the best that hasever been offered

with any mill. There are screens forclovercmitain-

ing lnu-khorn or pluntni n, timothy seed I'ontainin

pepper rass, for separating cot-klc from wheat am

many ot or difﬁcult separations.


Sold Under a 30 Day Guarantee of Satisfaction or Money Refunded


£8.00. Freighttgropald to any point


east of e llsslsslppl River.


the address of the nearest Jobber.


SAGINAW, W. S., MICHJ


Please Mention The~ Michigan Farmer When


perimental Farms and hundreds of the leading


'The (Flipper is the only mill that husthe “Ver-

tiI-nl lilw—t". which weighs every seed and kernel,


germinate under test. This point. alone makes much


No Mill wan Do Good Won 1: Without


i, Give perfect ser-

vice for-years. Tre~

mendously strong

rigid frame of arizle

steel,orhardwood.

bolted.braced Ind

mo rtiaed - cm'. .,


Tilt-mg » et out of line‘

or sliding v rom any strain.

tables Lathe-turned steel shaft.

lnnou-rlgi oxes:dustproof,non-heatingnlf-


adjusting—keep saw true and stead-seven “be:

years of wear. Ten styles. Send for hecklet. ,


Maple. Syrup Makers


You get best. Results with our


Champion Evaporator


Quick work, fuel sav-

ing, durability and


BEST QUALI I Y

OF SYRUP

Write us for

CATALOGUE.

Champion 11ml”! '

of cross;

Evaporator you tap.


Company, Makers; tandoori, Ohioi


Writing to '- Advertiser


,___.-


3 D SAWS


Arruzron MFG. co. 320 Fun summon.
. _ _ 9 By EARL DERR BIGGERS 81.

lunmndymr


N's’uo “NR

OnkrNOWW


HE Nation‘ 15 mobilized for war ser-

vice. Raw materials are being fast di-

verted for Government use. To make

‘sure of having an Indiana Silo next year.

order now. It will cost nothing to do this

and 1t will save you much money later on.

This 18 no time for experiments. You

need 3. proved, practical silo. You need an

Indiana Silo. Sixty thousand Indiana

Silos are now in use. Every owner is

a booster.


-; The war is demanding the products of

a: g ‘ ' . ' the farm. An Indiana Silo will make your

-1 J -' corn go twice as far. It means you can

* 1 feed twice as much stock or keep the same

' number 01 head on half the grain. It

means cheaper costs for producing beef

. and pork. It means increased production

of milk and butter. It means money for

you and victory for the cause.


Write today for catalog and our


special offer to early buyers.


Address nearest ofﬁce.


THE INDIANA SlLO COMPANY

582 Ulllion Bldg. .. ..... Anderson, Indiana

5828 llo Bldg” ....... Kansas City, lo.


582 Indiana Bldg ...... Des Hollies, Iowa

' 582 Live Stock Exchange Bldg-., Fort Worth, Taxaa


CHAPTER VI.

A Fugitive.

O, madam does not know me;

but she must see me. Oh, I

know she will see me. Tell her,

please, it is a girl from New York all

alone in Paris who needs her help.”


The butler looked again at the card

the visitor had given him. Quick sus-

picion ﬂashed into his tired eyes—the

same suspicion that had all Paris mad.


“Ger-son—Mademoiselle Gerson. Ah,

that name, excuse me, ,if I say it—

that name ees—"


“It sounds German, yes. Haven’t I

had that told me a thousand times

these last few days?” The girl’s shoul-

ders drooped limply, and she tried to

smile, but somehow failed. “But it’s

my name, and I’m an American—been

an American twenty-twqyears. Please

——please!”


“Madam the ambassador’s wife; she

ees overwhelm with woark.” The bute

ler gave the door an insinuating push.

Jane Gerson’s patent-leather boot stop-

ped it. She made a quick rummage in

her bag, and when she withdrew her

hand, a bit of bank paper crinkled in

it. The butler pocketed the note with

perfect legerdemain, smiled a formal

thanks and invited Jane into the dark

cool hallway of the embassy. She drop-

ped on a skin-covered couch, utterly

spent. Hours she had passed moving,

foot by foot, in an interminable line,

up to a. little wicket in a steamship

oﬂice, only to be told “every boat is

sold out.” Other grilling hours she

had passed similarly before the express

ofﬁce, to ﬁnd, at last, that her little

paper booklet of checks was as worth

less as a steamship folder. Food even

lacked, because the money she offered

was not acceptable. For a week she

had lived in the seething caldron that

was Paris in war time, harried, buffet-

ed, trampled and stampeded—a chip on

the froth of madness. This day, the

' third of,August, found Jane Gerson

summoning the last remnants of her

ﬂagging nerve to the supreme endeav-

or. Upon her visit to the embassy de-

pended everything: her safety, the fu-

ture she was battling for. But now,

with the ﬁrst barrier passed, she found

herself suddenly faint and weak.


“Madam, the ambassador’s wife will

see you. Come!”' The butler’s voice

sounded from afar off, though Jane

saw the gleaming buckles at his knees


For 5

wee


pile and comfort


HONORBILT


1 SHOES +£23.13”,


‘ Ask your dealer for Mayer

" Shoes. Look for the trade-

mark on the sole.


F. Mayer Boot & Shoe Co.

Milwaukee. 1Wia.


PM very close. The pounding of her heart

1'":::E:E almost choked her as she rose to fol-

)1; :SEES" low him. Down a long hall and into a.


,1, W a” . richly furnished drawing-room, now


i , / strangely transformed by the presence


of desks, ﬁling cabinets, and busy girl

stenographers; the click of typewriters

and rustle of papers gave the air of an

ofﬁce at top pressure. The butler

showed Jane to a couch near the por-

tieres and withdrew. From the tangle

of desks at.the opposite end of the


Get my big book and sample of Brown Fence

, mpare our prices and g1: allty with others. We

gM rice as 13¢ per Rod up.

IlﬂéoTuFR IVI FAnCTO RY— FREIGHT PREPAID

1- We use heavy DOUBLE GALVANIZED

Wire. 1505 Myles—Hog Sheep. Poultry, Horse

iaCattle. Rgbbit Fence—Gates. Lawn Fence Steel

oats


money‘é’igm Bagtai‘émina‘Xiéieie‘é‘é’tét‘irsr‘ll’i room, a woman with a kindly face

“OWN ENCEE IR Jane


crossed, with hand extended.

rose, grasped the hand and squeezed

convulsively.


“You are—”


“Yes, my dear, I am the wife of the

ambassador. Be seated and tell me all

your troubles. We are pretty busy

here, but not too busy to help—if we

can.”


Jane looked into the sympathetic

eyes of the ambassador’s wife, and

what she found there was like a draft

of water to her parched soul. The elder


THE GO.

249 CLEVELAND OHIO


nthe fl- - N

'line of bicycles. :


up 0V8] Is,

Y 'I‘IIAL. £1,111.13): his


116 ti arsof our .

«rt-905:1»- marvelous ‘


' ' We“...,3m“°a 1.1 F‘: '

v n ‘9


ﬁnanced Donothn


termsandtbebig elm [‘11 woman, smiling down into the white

Mgogﬁz": ' face, wherein the large brown eyes

burned unnaturally bright, saw a


EN WANTED trembling of the lips instantly con.

.,.W°'it t°°k somx‘itfxi‘i a? 3:].le uttered by a rallying will, and she pat-


.mggent. Finp:oppliirtuiiii§t133 ted the small hand hearteningly.


Desk E" Socialist. Mich.


1 ,w“.!‘."1'sd 1v, :. '1

n 1. 1- 1h. ,1!“ «.15, _


Inside the 1m


“Dear lady,” Jane began, almost as a.


1 1.. 1

~" ~'." " 1 . "1 x

1,“ 1(1’ 515.1. “1;. 11 1 ..


“new

1


ROBERT WELLES RITCHIE


Copyright by The Hobbs-Merrill Co.


4


little child, “I must‘get out of Paris,

and I’ve come to you to help me. Ev-

ery way is closed except through you.”


“So many hundreds like you, poor

girl. All want to get back to the home

country, and we are so helpless to aid

every one.” The lady of the embassy

thought, as she cast a sWift glance over

the slender shoulders and diminutive

ﬁgure beneath them, that here, indeed,

was a babe in the woods. The blatant,


' self-assured tourist demanding assist-


ance from her country’s representative

as a right she knew; also the shifty-

sloe-eyed demi-vierge who wanted no

questions asked.


this little person—


“You see, I am a buyer for Hilde-

brand’s store in New York.” Jane was

rushing breathlessly to the heart of

her tragedy. “This is my very ﬁrst trip

as buyer, and—it will be my last unless

I can get through the lines and back

to New York. I have seventy of the

very latest gowns from Poiret, from

Paquin and Worth—you know what

they will mean in the old town back

home—and I must—just simply must

get them through. You understand!

With them, Hildebrandcan crow over

every other gown shop in New York.

He can be supreme, and I will be—

well, I will be made!”


The kindly eyes were still smiling,

and the woman’s heart, which is un-

changed even in the breast of an am—

bassador’s wife, was leaping to the

magic lure of that simple word—gowns.


“But———but the banks refuse to give

me a cent on my letters of credit. The

express oﬂice says my checks, which I

brought along for incidentals, can not

be cashed. The steamship companies

will not sell a berth in the steerage,

even, out of Havre or Antwerp or

Southampton—everything gobbled up.

You can’t get trunks on an aeroplane,

or I’d try that. I just don’t know where

to turn, and so I’ve come to you. You

must know some way out.”


Jane unconsciously elapsed her

hands in supplication, and upon her

face, ﬂushed now with the warmth of

her pleading, was the dawning of hope.

It was as if the girl were assured that

once the ambassador’s wife heard her

story, by some magic she could solve

the difﬁculties. The older woman read

this trust, and ,Was touched by it.


”Have you thought of catching a boat

at Gibraltar?” she asked. “They are

not so crowded; people haven’t begun

to rush out of Italy yet.”


“But nobody will honor my letter of

credit,” Jane mourned. “And, besides,

all the trains south of Paris are given

up to the mobilization. Nobody can

ride on them but soldiers.” The lady

of the embassy knit her brows for a

few minutes While Jane anxiously scan-

ned her face. Finally she spoke:


“The ambassador knows a gentle-

man—a large-hearted American gentle-

man here in Paris—who has promised

his willingness to help in deserving

cases by advancing money on letters

of credit. And with money there is a

way—just a possible way—of getting

to Gibraltar. Leave your letter of

credit with me, my dear; go to the

police station in the district where you

live and get your pass through the

lines, just as a precaution against the

possibility of your being able to leave

tonight. Then come back here and see

me at four o’clock. Perhaps-just a.

chance—”


Hildebrand’s buyer seized the hands

of the embassy’ s lady estatically, tum-

bled words of thanks crowding to her

lips. When she went out into. the

street, the sun was shining as it had

not shone for her for a dreary terrible

week.


At seven 0


n 1rd,” 3.. . > , _ 1153.5 ,.‘,'


. ¢. 1, 11.7,.)13’ 1‘;,11.-‘,~,:;,:“.,w..«.é: ?'. ﬁt? 1

and perverts? as 3;


But such a one as


‘tourists’ dolights were the wow m2:

’91?Ck that night a big decorations


i


","edo'ion‘ wheels, 1

pulled up at the clear of the American .

embassy. Two bulky osier baskets

were strapped on the back of its ton.

neau; in the rear seat were many rugs.

A young chap with a sharp shrewd face

——an American—sat behind the wheel.


The door of the embassy opened, and

Jane Gerson, swathed in veils, and

with a gray duster buttoned tighggout

her, danced out; behind her f owed

the" ambassador, the lady of the embas-

sy and a bevy of girls, the volunteer

aids of the overworked representative’s

staff. Jane’s arm went about the our

bassador’s wife in an impulsive hug of

gratitude and good—by; the ambassador

received a hearty handshake for his

“God speed you-” A waving of hands

and fluttering of handkerchiefs, and

the car leaped forward. Jane GersOn

leaned far over the back, and, through

cupped hands, she shouted. “I’ll paint

Hildebrand’s sign on the Rock of Gib-

raltar. ”


Over bridges and through outlying

faubourgs sped the car until the Bar-

rier was gained. There crossed bay-

onets denying passage, an ofﬁcer with -

a pocket ﬂash pawing over pass and

passport, a curt dismissal ,and once

more the motor purred its speed'song,

and the lights of the road ﬂashed by;

More picket lines, more sprouting of

armed men from the dark, and ﬂash-

ing of lights upon ofﬁcial signatures.

On the heights appeared the hump-

shouldered bastions of the great outer

forts, squatting like huge ﬁghting

beasts of the night, ready to spring up;

on the invader. Bugles sounded; the

white arms of search—lights swung back a

and forth across the arc of night in ‘

their ceaseless calisthenics; a murmur-

ing and stamping of many men and

boasts was everywhere.


The ultimate picket line gained and

passed, the car leaped forward with

the bound of some freed animal, its , .

twin headlights feeling far ahead the . i1

road to the south. Behind lay Paris,

the city of dread. Ahead—far ahead,

where the continent is spiked down

with a rock, Gibraltar. Beyond that

the safe haven from this madness of

the millions—America. ‘”


Jane Gerson stretched out her arms

to the vision and laughed shrilly.


/ Mv-v


CHAPTER VII.


The Hotel Splendide.


R. JOSEPH ALMER, proprietor


of the Hotel Splendide, on Gib-


raltar’s Waterport Street, was


alone in his oﬂice, busy over his books.


The day was August ﬁfth. The nightvbe-


fore the cable had ﬂashed word to Gen-


eral Sir George Crandall, Governor-


general of the Rock, that England had


hurled herself into the great war. But


that was no concern of Mr. Joseph Al-


mer except as it affected the hotel bus~


iness; admittedly it did bring compli-

cations there.


A sleek well-fed Swiss he was; one

whose neutrality was publicly as im-

pervious as the rocky barriers of his

home land. A bland eye and a suave ‘ 5‘

professional smile were the ever-pres-

ent advertisements of urbanity on Jos-

eph Almer’s chubby countenance. He

spoke with an accent that might have 5

got him into trouble with the English ‘

masters of the Rock had» they not 1

known that certain cantons in Switzer- ‘

land occupy an unfortunate contiguity“

with Germany, and Almer,. therefore,

was hardly' to be blamed for an acci-

dent of birth. From a. window of his

ofﬁce, he looked out on crooked Water-

port Street, where all the world of the

Mediterranean shuffled by on shoes,

slippers and bare feet. Just across his

desk was the Hotel Splendide’s recep-

tion room—~11. 'sad retreat, wherein a

superannuated parlor set of worn red

plush tried to give the lie to1 the reﬂec-

tion cast back at it 'by the dingy gold?

framed mirror over the battered ﬁre.

place. Gaudy steamship pesters and.

lithographs of the Sphinx and kindred '


. -,

1%

1“»‘3


,.


Not-even ‘ .,
si'aWWu-«n-iju '


.. .u an“,


Ham»


.,._.. .


which is the hotel. 'man’s cure-all, was ‘

there to screen ‘ the interior of the

oﬂice-reception room from the curious

eyes of the street, just beyond swing-

ing glass doors. Joseph Almer had tak-

en poetic license with the word “splen-

dide;” but in Gibraltar that is permis-

sible; necessary, in fact.~ Little there

lives up to its reputation save the Rock

itself. ’


It was four in the afternoon. The

street outside steamed with heat, and

the odors that make Gibraltar a lasting

memory were at their prime of distil-

lation. The proprietor of the Splen-

dide was nodding over his books. A

light footfall on the boards beyond the

desk roused him. A girl with two cigar

boxes under her arm slipped, like a

shadow, up to the desk. She was dress-

ed in the bright colors of Spain, claret—

colored skirt under a broad Romany

sash, and with thin white waist, open

at rounded throat. A cheap tortoise-

shell comb held her coils of chestnut

hair high on her head. Louisa—the

sophisticated Louisa of the’Cafe Riche

and the Winter Garden. A timid little

cigar maker she was, here in Gibraltar.


“Louisa!” Almer’s head bobbed up

on a suddenly stiffened neck as he

whispered her name. She set her box-


.—


“Haven’t I Been Josepha for Nearly a


. Year?”

es of cigars on the desk, opened them,

and as she made gestures to point the

worthiness of her wares, she spoke

swiftly, and in a half whisper:


“All is as we hoped, Almer. He

comes on the Princess Mary——a cable—

gram from Koch just got through to-

day. I wanted——”


“You mean—” Almer thrust his head

forward in his eagerness, and his eyes

were bright beads.


“Captain Woodhouse—our Captain

Woodhouse!” The girl’s voice trem-

bled in exultation. “And his number

~—his Wilhelmstrasse number—is——1ist-

en carefully: Nineteen Thirty-two.”


“Nineteen Thirty-two,” Almer repeat-

ed, under his breath. Then aloud: “On

the Princess Mary, you say?"


“Yes; she is already anchored in the

straits. The tenders are coming ashore.

He will come here, for such were his

directions in Alexandria.” Louisa

started to move toward the street door.


*‘But you,” Almer stopped her; “the

English are making a round-up of sus-

pects on the Rock. They Will ask ques-

tions-perhaps arrest—”


“Me? No, I think not. Just because

I was away from Gibraltar for six

weeks and have returned so recently


is not enough to rouse suspicion. And.


haven’t I been Josepha, the cigar girl,

to every Tommy in the garrison for

nearly a year? No—no, senor; you are

wrong. These are the purest cigars

made south of Madrid. Indeed, senor.”


The girl had suddenly changed her

tone to one of professional wheedling,

for she saw three entering the door.

Almer lifted his voice angrily: '


“Josepha, your mother is substitut-


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The cigar girl bowed her head in

simulated fright, sped past the incom-

ing tourists, and lost herself in the

shifting crowd on the street: Almer

permitted himself to mutter angrily as

he turned back to his books. ‘


“You see, mother? See that hotel

keeper lose his temper and tongue-

lash that poor girl? Just what I tell

you—these foreigners don’t know how

to be polite to ladies. ,


Henry J. Sherman—“yes, sir, of Ke—

wanee, Illynoy”—mopped his bald pink

dome and glared truculently at the in-

sulting back of Joseph Almer. Mrs.

Sherman, the lady of direct impulses

who had contrived to stare Captain

Woodhouse out of countenance in the

Winter Garden not long back, cast her-

self despondently on the decrepit

lounge and appearedto need little in-

vitation to be precipitated into a crying

spell._ Her daughter Kitty, at Winsome

little slip, stood behind her, arms about

the mother’s neck and her hands strok-

ing the maternal cheeks.


“There—there, mother; everything’ll

come out right,” Kitty vaguely assured.

Mrs. Sherman, determined to have no

eye for the cloud’s silver lining, rocked

back and forth on the sofa and gave

voice to her woe:


“0h, we’ll never see Kewanee again.

I know it! I know it! With every-

body pushing and shoving us away

from the steamers—everybody refus-

ing to cash our checks, and all this

ﬁghting going on somewhere up among

the Belgians—” The lady from Ke-

wanee pulled out the stepper of her

grief, and the tears came copiously.

Mr. Sherman, who had made an elabor-

ate pretense of studying ‘a steamer

guide he found on the table, looked up

hurriedly and blew his nose loudly in

sympathy.


“Cheer up, mother. Even if this ﬁrst

trip of ours—this ‘Grand Tower,” as

the guide-books call it—has been sorta

tough, we had one compensation any-

way. We saw the Palace of Peace at

the Hague before the war broke out.

Guess they’re leasing it for a skating

rink now, though.”


“How can you joke when we’re in

such a ﬁx? He-Henry, you ne-never

do take things seriously!”


“Why not joke, mother? Only thing

you can do over here you don’t have

to pay for. Cheer up! There’s the

Saxonia due here from Naples some

time soon. Maybe we can horn a.

way up her gangplank. Consul says—”

Mrs. Sherman looked up from her

handkerchief with withering scorn.

“Tell me a way we can get aboard

any ship without having the money to

pay our passage. Tell me that, Henry

Sherman!”


“Well, we’ve been broke before,

mother,” her spouse answered cheerily,

rocking himself on heels and toes. “Re-

member when we were ﬁrst married

and had that little house on Liberty

Street—the newest house in Kewanee

it was; and we didn’t have a hired girl,

then, mother. But we come out all

right, didn’t we ?” He patted his daugh-

ter’s shoulder and winked ponderously.

“Come on, ,‘girls and boys, we’ll go look

over those Rock Chambers the English

hollowed out. We can’t sit in our room

and mope all day.”


The gentleman who knew Kewanee

was making for the door when Almer,

the suave, came out from behind his

desk and stopped him with a warning

hand.


“I am afraid the gentleman can not

see the famous Rock Chambers,” he

purred. “This is War time—since yes-

terday, you know. Tourists are not al-

lowed in the fortiﬁcations.”


“Like to see who’d stop me!” Henry

J. Sherman drew himself up to his full

ﬁve feet seven and frowned at the

Swiss. Almer rubbed his hands. “

“A soldier—with a. gun, most prob-

ably, sir.”


her hu’sband s side, in alarm. '


'Vget arrested ”again!”


Mrs. Sherman rose and hurried to g


Remember that

last time—the Frenchman at that Bor-

deaux town ” Sherman allowed dis-

cretion to soften his valor.


“Well, anyway”-——he turned again to

the proprietor—“they’ll let us see that

famous signal tower up on top of the

Rock. Mother, they say from that tow-

er up there, they can keep tabs on

a ship sixty miles away. Fellow down

at the consulate was telling me this

morning that’s the king-pin of the

whole works. Harbor’s full of mines

and things; electric switch in the sig-

nal tower. Press a switch up there,

and everything in the harbor—Elam!”

He shot his hands above his head to

denote the cataclysm. Almer smiled

sardonically and drew the Illinois citi-

zen to one side. ,


“I would give you a piece of advice,”

he said in a low voice. “It is—”


“Say, proprietor, you don’t charge for

advice, do you?” Sherman regarded

him quizzically.


“It is this,” Almer went on, unper-

turbed: “If I were you I would not talk

much about the fortiﬁcations of the

Rock. Even talk is—ah—dangerous if

too "much indulged.”


“Huh! I guess you’re right,” said

Sherman thoughtfully. “You see—we

don’t know much about diplomacy out

where I come from. Though that ain’t

stopping any democrats from going

abroad in the diplomatic service as fast

as Bryan’ll take ’em.” .


Interruption came startlingly. A ser-

geant and three Soldiers with guns

swung through the open doors from

Waterport Street. Gun butts struck

the ﬂoor with a heavy thud. The ser-

geant stepped forward and saluted Al-

mer with a businesslike sweep of hand

to visor.


“See here, landlord!” the sergeant

spoke up briskly. “Fritz, the barber,

lives here, does he not?” Almer nod-

ded. “We want him. Find him in the

barber shop, eh?”


The sergeant turned and gave direc-

tions to the guard. They tramped

through a swinging door by the side of

the desk while the Shermans, parents

and daughter alike, looked on, with

round eyes. In less than a minute, the

men in khaki returned, escorting a

quaking man in white jacket. The bar-

ber, greatly ﬂustered, protested in Eng-

lish strongly reminiscent of his father-

land.


“Orders to take you, Fritz,” the ser-

geant explained not unkindly.


“But I haf done nothing,” the barber


“Seems to me yOu’re not giving Fritz

here a square deal, if you want to know '

what I think,” he blustered. “Now, in.

my country—” The sergeant turned on

him sharply.


“Who are you—and what are you

doing in Gib?’ ’he snapped. A moan

from Mrs. Sherman, who threw herself

in her daughter’ s arms.


“Kitty, your father’s gone and got

himself arrested again.”


“Who am I?” Sherman echoed with

dignity. “My name, young fellow, is

Henry J. Sherman, and I live in Ke-

wanee, Illynoy. I’m an American citi-

zen, and you can’t—”


“Your passports—quick!” The ser-

geant held out his handimperiously.


“Oh, that’s all right, young fellow; .. , ,

I’ve got ’em, all right.“ Kewanee’s - ,

leading light began to fumble in the, "

spacious breast pocket of his long-tail-

ed coat. As he grop‘ed through a pack-

et of papers and letters, hekept up a

running ﬁre of comment and'exposi-

tion:


“Had ’em this afternoon, all right.

Here; no, that’s my letter of credit. It

would buy Main Street at home, but I

can’t get a ham sandwich on it here.

This ls—no; that’s my.only son’s little

girl, Emmaline, taken the dayﬁshe was

four years old. Fancy little girl, eh?

Now, that’s funny I can’t—here’s that

list of geegaws I was to buy for my

partner in the Empire Mills, ﬂour and

buckwheat. Guess he’ll have to whistle

for ’em. Now don’t get impatient, _ l»

young fellow. This— Land’s sakes,

mother, that letter you gave me to mail 2

in Algy-kiras—Ah, here you are, all ;

proper and scientiﬁc enough as pass-

ports go, I guess.”


The sergeant whisked the heavily

creased document from Sherman’s

hand, scanned it hastily, and gave it

back, without a word. The outraged

American tucked up his chin and gave

the sergeant glare for glare.


“If you ever come to Kewanee,

young fellow,” he snorted, “I’ll be hap-

py to show you our new jail.”


“Close in! March!” commanded the

sergeant. The guard surrounded the

hapless barber and wheeled through

the door, their guns hedging his white

jacket about inexorably. Sherman’s

hands spread his coat tails wide apart,

and he rocked back and forth on heels

and toes, his eyes smoldering.


“Come on, father,”—-Kitty had slip-

ped her hand through her dad’s arm,

and was imparting direct strategy in a.


«.-


cried. “For ten years I have shaved. low voice—“we’ll take mother down

you. You know I am a harmless 01d the street to look at the shops and

German.” The sergeant shrugged.


make her forget our troubles. They’ve

got some wonderful Moroccan bazaars

in town; Baedecker says so.”


“Shops, did you say?” Mrs. Sher-

man perked up at once, forgetting her

grief under the superior lure.


“Yes, mother. Come on, let’s go

down and look ’em over.” Sherman’s

good humor was quite restored. He

pinched Kitty’s arm in compliment for

her guile. “Maybe they’ll let us look

at their stuff without charging any-

thing; but we couldn’t buy a. postage

stamp, remember.”


“I fancy they think you are working

for the Wilhelmstrasse, Fritz, and they

want to have you where they can keep

their eyes on you. Sorry, you know.”


The free-born instincts of Henry J.

Sherman would not be downed longer.

He had witnessed the little tragedy of

the German barber with growing ire,


|III|IlIllIIIlI|IIIIlllIlllllllllllllllllllllIll!IlllllllllllllllllllllllllllHlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

N l G H T.


BY ALONZO man.

How blest to weary eyes the gracious


Night! They sailed out into the crowded

The agéllplelrvadlng dark that draws street and lost themselves amid the

Our mgrmldways‘ its mantle deep, :clourings of 1Africa alllld south Europe.


-pro ou_n ; mer was a one in t e ofﬁce. .

The blgféhyms-Weary from too long a‘ The proprietor ﬁdgeted. He walked -

Drops nestward‘ softly from the vale to the door and looked down the street


and heigh’t in the direction of the quays. He pull-

The rléeslgznoif foldward- -straying ﬁOCkS ed his watch from his pocket and com-


pared it with the blue face of the

Dutch clock on the wall. His pudgy

hands clasped and unclasped them-


Mid-furrow stands the plow in fal-

low ground,

And over ﬁelds shines out the home-


stead light ‘ selves behind his back nervously. All


The days dull burdens all are cast Arab hotel porter and runner at the

aside, , docks came swinging through the front ,

A 0131831125 ecart grows fainter down door with a. small steamer trunk on his


shoulders, and Almer started forward

expectantly. Behind the porter came a.

tall, well~knlt man, dressed in a quiet

traveling suit—the Captain Woodhouse

who had sailed from Alexandria as a

passenger aboard the Prim: M ‘

H "


Gates click and comes the sound of

falling bars;

The Night stands forth, a. fair, impe-

rial bride,

Withln her hand, a balm for every


pan,i

And itnr. her hair ,the radiance of the

- ~ s are .


./
a-)


. -~_ .


—n-u‘s.~:.,.:.~,.. ,. a;


"-vwwﬂem-«ﬁhcww

a. «


<.-


v


' “me’t:l‘those"of the, p


roprietor.“ Almer-

b‘owed and hastened behind the desk.

Woodhouse stepped up to the register

and scanned it casually.


“A. room, sir?” Almer held out a

pen invitingly.


“For the night, yes," Woodhouse an-

swered shortly, and he signed the reg-

ister. Almer’s eyes followed the

strokes of the pen eagerly.


“Ah, from Egypt, Captain? You were

aboard the Princess Mary, then?”


“From Alexandria, yes. Show me

my room, please. Beastly tired.”


The Arab porter darted forward, and

Woodhouse was turning to follow him

when he nearly collided with a man

just entering the street door. It was

Mr. Billy Capper.


Both recoiled as their eyes met. Just

the faintest ﬂicker of surprise, instant-

~ly suppressed, tightened the muscles


’ of the captain’s jaws. He murmured

a “beg pardon” and started'to pass.

Capper deliberately set himself in the

other’s path and, with a wry smile,

held out his hand. .


“Captain Woodhouse, I believe.” Cap-

per put a tang of sarcasm, corroding

as acid, into the words. He was still

smiling. The other man drew back

and eyed him coldly.


“I do not know you.

VVoodhouse said.


Almer was moving around from be-

hind the desk with the soft tread of a

cat, his eyes ﬁxed on the hard-bitten

face of Capper. '


“Hah! Don’t recognize the second-

cabin passengers aboard the Princess

Mary,-eh?” Capper sneered. “Little bit,

discriminating that way, eh? Vv'ell, my

name’s Capper—Mr. W'illiam Capper.

Never heard the name—in Alexandria;

what?”


“You are drunk. Stand aside!”

VVoodhouse spoke quietly; his face was


Some mistake,”


very white and strained. Almer launch-

ed himself suddenly between the two

and laid his hands roughly on Capper’s


thin shoulders.


“Out you go!” he choked in a thick

guttural. “I’ll have no loafer insulting


my guests in my house.”


“Oh, you won’t won’t you? But sup-

posing I want to take a room here——

pay you good English gold for it. You’ll


sing a different tune, then.”


“Before I throw you out, kindly leave

By a quick turn, Almer

had Capper facing the door; his grip

The smaller man tried to


my place.”


. . 1‘ , , _ ' v" ‘ i, .l .

boulevards appeared in the door and


cast about-for a choice of. tables. Him _


Mr. Sherman impaled with a glance of

disapproval which suddenly changed

to wondering recognition. He dropped

his fork and jumped to his feet.


“Bless me, mother, if it isn’t Willy

Kimball from old Kewanee!” Sherman

waved his napkin at the young man,

summoning him in the name of Ke-

wanee to come and meet the home

folks. The tired eyes lighted percep-

tibly, and a lukewarm smile played

about Mr. Kimball’s eﬂiminate mouth

as he stepped up to the table.


ﬁns/“r37


WhehYouPutOn

Your Shoes In the


Morning " '-


v


“Why, Mrs. Sherman—and Kitty!

And you, Mr. Sherman—charmed!” He

accepted the proffered seat by the side

of Kitty, receiving their hearty hails

with languid politeness. With the sure-

ness of English restraint, Mr. Willy

Kimball refused to become excited.

He was of the type of exotic Americans


I. .0 ==

That’s the test of their worth. If they-

are well-ﬁtting, dry and good looking the

day’s work won’t seem half so hard As

far as your feet are concerned, you can

always look forward to a comfortable day


who try to forget grandpa’s corn—fed

hogs and grandma’s hand-churned but-

ter. His speech was of Rotten Row

and his clothes Piccadilly.


“Terrible business, this!” The youth

ﬂuttered his hands feebly. “All this

harrying about and peeping at pass-

ports by every silly ofﬁcer one meets.

I’m afraid I’ll. have to go over to Am-

erica until it’s all over—on my way

now, in fact.”


“Afraid!” Sherman sniffed loudly,

and appraised Mr. Kimball’s tailoring

with a disapproving eye. “Well, Willy,

it would be too bad if you had to go

back to Kewanee after your many

years in Paris, France; wouldn’t it?"


Kimball turned to the women for

sympathy. “Reserved a compartment

to come down from Paris. ' Beastly

treatment. Held up at every city—oth-

er people crowded in my apartment,

though I‘d paid to have it alone, of

course—-soldier chap comes along and

seizes my valet and makes him join

the colors and all that sort—”


‘Huh!

ry along without a val-lay, and he was

respected in Kewanee.”

gust from Henry J.


Kitty ﬂashed a reproving glance at

her father and deftly turned the ex-

patriate into a recounting of his adven-

Under her unaffected lead the

youth, who shuddered inwardly at the

appellation of “Willy,” thawed consid-

erably, and soon there was an animat-

ed swapping of reminiscences of the

Great Terror—hours on end before the


tures.


Your father managed to wor-


This in dis-


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WRS'iI‘OD- . _ . banks and‘express ofﬁces, dodging of


walk t0 the (1001‘ Wlth dignity ’Ther‘e police impositions, scrambling for


he paused‘and 10"de back over his steamer accommodations—all that


ShOUIdOL _ went to compose the refugee Ameri-

“Remember, Captain \Noodhouse,” cans’ great epic of August 1914.


he called back. .“Remeniber the name Sherman took pride in his superior


against the time well meet again. adventures: “Five times arrested be-


Capper—Mr. William Capper.”


Capper disappeared. Almer came

back to begin profuse apologies to his

guest. Woodhouse was cooly lighting

a cigarette. Their eyes met. '


tween Berlin and Gibraltar, and what

I said to that Dutchman on the Swiss

frontier was enough to make his hair

curl.” '


“Tell you what, Willy: you come on

back to Kewanee with us, and mother

and you’ll lecture before the Thursday

Afternoon Ladies’ Literary Club,” Sher-

man boomed, with a hearty blow of the


dining-room of the Hotel Splen- hand between VVilly’s shoulder blades.

dide was in the way ”of being a “I’ll have Ed Porter announce it in ad-

doleful affair for the folk from Kewa— vance in the Daily Enterprise, and We’ll

nee, aside from Captain Woodhouse, have the whole town there to listen.

the only persons at table there. VVood- ‘Ezra Kimball’s Boy Tells Thrilling

house, true to the continental tradi- Tales of War’s Alarms.’ That’s the Way

tion of exclusiveness, had isolated him- the head-lines’ll read in the Enterprise

self against, possible approach by sit- next week.”

ting at the table farthest from the The expatriate shivered and tried to

Shermans; his back presented an un- smile.

compromising denial of fraternity. As “We’ll let mother do the lecturing,”

for Mrs. Sherman, the afternoon’s visit Kitty came to his rescue. “How to

to the bazaars had been anything but ‘Live in Europe on a Letter of Dis-

a solace, emphasizing, as it did, their credit.’ That will have all the gossips

grievous poverty in the midst of plenty of Kewanee buzzing, mother.”

contemptuous of a mere letter of cred- The meal drew to a close happily in

it. Henry J. was wallowing in the low- contrast to its beginning. Mrs. Sher-

est depths of nostalgia; he tortured man and her daughter rose to pass out

himself with the reﬂection that this into the reception room. Sherman and

was lodge night in Kewanee and he Kimball lingered.

would not be sitting in his chair. Miss “Ah-h, Willy——”

Kitty contemplated wth melancholy “Mr. Sherman—”

the distress-of her parents. .


A tall slender youth with tired eye


and affecting the blase slouch of the -


CHAPTER VIII.

Chaff of War.

D INNER that evening in the faded


what furtiveand shamefaced.

(Continued next week).


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LL-luck always comes before good

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working for.”


I don’t remember what fairy story I

copied that from. The hero, of course,

had just been ordered to do several

strenuous stunts before he could have

the princess, and he expressed himself

as above. ‘ Tis philosophy appealed to

me when I head the story to the chil-

dren, and as all of us need sustaining


, these heart-breaking days, I am pass


ing it on. We are certainly getting

plenty of rain. If it can bring us

enough pretty ﬂowers to make up for

these present ills, it will have to bring

forth the greatest crop of blossoms this

world has ever known.


Many of my well-meaning, but mis-

guided friends, have frequently taken

me to task for reading so much ﬁction.

When I was a child I was chided for

reading fairy stories; in high school

Greek myths (and Mary J. Holmes),

were condemned; later the authors af-

fected were of a slightly different tone

from Mrs. Holmes, but'always there

has been more ﬁction than what we

are pleased to call solid reading. Per-

haps my friends are right, too much

ﬁction may be like too much sugar.

But be that as it may, is there any bet-

ter way to get you out of the sorrows,

or just the plain monotony, of every-

day? Of course, if you have a lively

imagination you can get yourself out

of the rut occasionally, but your own

make believes are inclined to be too

one-sided, at times venomous when you

consider the villain, to be as effective

as the other féllow’s romances.


There’s an educative side to it, too.

For well written novels are by no

means all ﬁction. History plays a large

part in many of them. I’ve learned

more of world history from the novels

I have read than I ever did in school.

What I know of the Aztecs I got from

Lew Wallace’s “Fair God.” What I

know of the history of Jerusalem came

more from novels -written around it

than from the Bible. Rome and the

Romans are real because of the plays

and romances, not because I stood eigh-

ty-ﬁve in history test.


The bits of descriptive writing the

best authors give us, too, how they car-

ry us away to places we’ve never seen

and probably never shall. If I should

be dropped from an aeroplane some-

where in Europe I believe I could tell

the country through the stories I have

read. The English hedges, the French

farms and vineyards, the plains of Rus-

sia, the dykes and windmills of H01-

land, even the Rhine, I’m sure would

be familiar. Not because I’ve read

books of travels or seen the places at

the movies, but because some story has

hammered them into my mind.


There are worse things to do with

one’s time than to read a good novel.

Dare I say that gossiping is one? And

just now, when everything is so dark

and the future so uncertain, I doubt if

there is anything much better to do

than to forget it all for a time in some

well-written book. But remember it is

to be well written. So much trash

masquerades under the name of ﬁction

that it is small wonder some people

class all novels as works of the devil.

You can even get a better ﬁrst-hand


knowledge of war from a romance than

you can from the newspapers, if; you

don’t want to get away.from the one

big thing. Tolstoi's

me a clearer picture of war than all


“Sevastopol” gave


At Homeland: Elneivljere


Try a Little Make Believe


the magazine articles I’Ve read, written

by “our own correspondents” at the


front.


And not the least that you get from

ﬁction is the cheery little bits like

You get life,

and life is checkered with bits of phil-

osophy. When you get tired of brac-

ing yourself with your own it’s a great

help to see that everyone else is doing


the one quoted above.


the same thing.

DEBORAH.


LETTER BOX.

Education Better Than Wealth.


Dear Deborah.—~—Y0ur page has giv-

en me so much pleasure that I wonder

anyone can resent some of the things

.I believe it’s the one’s hard-

I often feel like giving you


Your article under the

“A Woman’s Problem,”

struck a. responsive chord in my heart.

I had tried about all the schemes you

suggested, with a small son, and noth-

ing seemed to have a lasting effect. I

almost agree with “Nightingale” that

if we teach our little ones nobleness,

we have done our duty, even though

they never hang up a single garment.

But isn’t being tidy and considerate of

our elders a part of nobility, or cannot

we expeCt this of youngsters of nine

Perhaps it is as Mrs. New


you say.

est hit.

three cheers.

heading of


and ten?

says, we are all a little too lenient.


I knew two brothers who received

the same care and teaching. One was


neat and tidy, while the other was just

the reverse.


fulness, she could not break the child

of the careless ways, neither did vis-


ions of a young lady help the case. out


either.


Let us hope that a good education

may help them somewhat to overcome

these defects (‘3), although in the case

I mentioned it did not. The mother of

those two boys .was left .with four

small children to provide for. Suffer-


When grown to manhood

they still had the same habits. In

spite of the mother’s continual watch~


ing the lack of an education herself,

she resolved her children would not be

raised in ignorance. if she had to go on

two meals a day. They were sent to

school every day even though they had

to wear patched clothes which were

cleverly mended in the evening after

the little ones were in bed. All of the

children received a good education, he

sides being taught how to be useful.

The two boys mentioned are college

graduates. After they started to high

school they began to work their way

which relieved the mother to some ex-

tent.


What this mother did others could

do, and there would not be so many

young people brought up uneducated.


In many "districts, parents seem to

think if they have taught the children

h0w to work, and sent them, to school

long enough to write their own name,

they have done their duty. There are

some to this day who will go any limit

to keep their children out of school,

excusing themselves with the remark,

“my children are no better than I

was.” .


Just the other day a case came to

my attention of parents fakingabout

a child’s eyesight as an excuse for

keeping him out of school to help

work on the farm. As matters looked

suspicions a specialist was engaged to

examine the child’s eyes and found him

to be normal. After that he was forced

to attend school. In my opinion this is

nothing short of a crime and should be

termed a state’s prison offense. It is

time such parents woke up to the fact

that an education is worth more than

an eighty—acre farm. You can neither

lose it nor squander it.


It is not necessary that all our chil-

dren be college graduates, but a good

eighth-grade schooling is within the

reach of all. Put them further if pos-

sible. So let us all see that our chil-

dren are well educated, set them good

examples, give them a good environ-

ment, teach our boys to respect woman—

hood, and avoid bad company, and if

they do not do their duty, surely we

will have a clean conscience—Hopeful.


iIHIHHllllillllilllllllllilllllllilllIIHIlllilHI!HIIIHill!“|l'lIllllllIlllllﬂllll|l‘illllllillllllllilllllllllllllllllIIIHIIIIINIllIllllllIllIIllllllllilllllillllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIllllllllililllll”lIllimIllliﬂlilllilllllllllllilimm


Conservation Day Suggestions


Meatless Day.——Breakfast, potato

puff; dinner, ﬁsh chops; supper, cab-

bage and nut salad.


Wheatiess Dav—Breakfast, corn

bread with rice; dinner and supper, p0.

tato bread.


Potato Puff—Beat till creamy two

cups of mashed potatoes, a little salt,

two tablespoons of melted butter. Pour

into this two eggs well beaten and six

tablespoons of cream. Pile lightly on

buttered pie tin and bake till light

brown.


Fish Chops—Pick one can of salmon

or other cold ﬁsh ﬁne with a silver

fork, add a. tablespoon of lemon juice,

a dash of pepper and salt to taste.

Melt two tablespoons of butter in a

sauce pan, stir in one-fourth cup sifted

ﬂour, and add one cup of scalded milk.


Stir and boil until smooth, then stir in,


the ﬁsh. When the mixture is cold,

form into ﬂat cakes to resemble chops,

dip in beaten egg, then in ﬁne crumbs

and again in egg, and fry. Serve with

your favorite ﬁsh sauce.


Cabbage and Nut Salad.——For every

two cups of shredded cabbage allow

one-half cup of hickory nut meats or

walnut meats. Cut the nuts in thin

slices with a sharp knife, mix with the

cabbage, and add boiled salad dressing.


Corn Bread with Rice. ——-Two cups of '  ’. .


sour milk, one scant teaspoon of soda,

two cups of boiled rice, one cup of corn

meal, one tablespoon of shortening.

Mix in-or'der named and bake in a well

greased dish until ﬁrm.


Potato Bread.——-Clean thoroughly and

boil without paring twelve medium-

sized potatoes, allowing them to be-

come very soft. Pour off water, peel

and mash potatoes, while hot, being

careful to leaveno lumps. Take three

pounds or ﬁve solidly packed half-

pint cupfuls, of mashed potato and

when at the temperature of lukewarm

water add two compressed yeast cakes

which have been dissolved in four ta-

blespoons of warm water. Rinse yeast

cup with a ﬁfth tablespoon of water

and add to potato. Then add one and

a half level tablespoons of salt, three

level tablespoons of sugar, and one-half

pint, scant, of sifted ﬂour. Mix thor-

oughly with hand, and do not add more

water at this stage. Let this rise until

very' light, about two hours at a tem-

perature-of eighty-six degrees. To this

sponge, which will not be very soft,

add two pounds of bread 'ﬂour, .and

knead until a smooth and elastic dough


is formed. The dough'must be very,


stiff, as the potato contains a 19:86

amount of water wmch causes dough


’“ -. '5; .11me
i

1


wr"


, ,.

5.?


. ‘5


. g;


.1»,wa


ﬂ 4


A i“‘ I ’y’tklwoéi' “nan-yeugflh’


E:


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—everybody knows a

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Received Highest Awerde


abSomtely necessary. Set back to rise


arately and put into warmed and greas

ed pans. Allow it to rise until they

have doubled in volume and bake for

forty-ﬁve minutes.


The following cake recipe is contrib-

uted and recommended. One cup each

of sugar and milk, one rounding table-

spoon of shortening, two cups of ﬂour,


ﬂour, sugar and baking powder togeth

er and take out four tablespoons full.

Then cream ﬂour, sugar and shortening

together, add milk and ﬂavor to suit.

Just before putting in oven‘ sprinkle

over the top the flour and sugar you

saved out. This makes a good substi-

tute for frosting.


IN PREPARATION LIES VARIETY.


BY L. M. THORNTON.


Too often the farmer‘s wife com-

plains that her meal lack variety and

attributes this to the fact that she is

not within reach of the city grocery

with its inﬁnite variety of foods. Va-

riety lies not so much in many kinds

of food as.’ in the ways in which they

are prepared. With two vegetables,

potatoes and cabbage; one fruit, ap-

ples; two meats, ham and fresh pork,

an almost inﬁnite number of dinners

can be prepared, each appetizing and

without repeating a single dish. The

following are samples:

Dinner No. 1.

Roast Pork Sauerkraut

Boiled Potatoes in their Jackets

Apple Brown Betty

Dinner No. 2.


iPork Loaf Delicate Cabbage

Potato Salad with Dressing

Apple Snow

Dinner No. 3.

Boiled Ham

Potatoes Cooked in Ham Broth

German Cabbage with Sour Sauce

Apple Pie


The Standard


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Half hank (1%, pound).

Crochet needle No. 5.

Single crochet.


For single crochet. In-

sert hook, uraw yarn

through, pass the yarn

around the hook and

draw it through both

loops on the hook.


Start in the center

with a chain of four,

join one chain, single

Lcrochet into this, increasing enough to

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ONE an":

TO PAY '

was". name: i


hing, easy cleaning, dole

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d


facts in’miel an we

MadeelninﬁwlugerlinauptoNoJ


around, increasing gradually until you

have a perfectly ﬂat top, 6%, inches in

diameter. Then continue row after

row without increasing for 4% inches.

The cap should then measure eight

inches from center of crown to edge

of cap and about 22 inches around. Do

not break off yarn, Chain one, turn,

skip 1 stitch and single crochet 14

. inches for neck piece, leaving 8 inches


for front of cap. Then one chain, turn,

skip 1 and crochet back and forth on


When writing to advertisers please mention the 14 inches, decreasing 1 stitch at


Dr”


The Michigan Farmer.


ﬁrst end of each row until you have 8


until it is three times the original size. Fried Fresh Pork ,, Mashed Potatoes

‘ Divide dough into four parts, mold sep- ‘


two teaspoons of baking powder. Sift Pork Pie


Pork Croquettes


I|lllllIlllllllllllllllllllllllllulﬂlllllllllllllllllllllllIllllllillllllllﬂllllllllﬂll‘llllllllllllllllllllllIllllllllllllllllllllllllli!HlHilllllllllllMllilllllllllllﬂlllllllﬂlllllIIIHillIHilllIlllIIlllllHilll|lllllilllllilllllilllllllllllulllllllll


4.


Dinner No. 4.


Hot Slaw

eBaked Apples and Cream

Dinner No. 5.

Cold Sliced Ham


’ French Fried Potatoes


Boiled Cabbage


Apple Dumplings


Dinner No. 6.

Baked Potatoes


Scalloped Cabbage with Cheese.


Apple Fritters

Dinner No. 7.

Minced Ham with Gravy

Drowned Potatoes

Cold Slaw

Dutch Apple Cake

Dinner No. 8.


Creamed Potatoes

Cabbage and Celery Salad

Apple Tapioca

Dinner No. 9.

lrowned Hash Potato Soup

Cabbage and Olive Salad


Apple Pudding


Dinner No. 10.


Stuffed Baked Potatoes


Fried Cabbage


Apple Sauce Cake

Dinner No. 1_1.


Fried Ilam with Cream Dressing

Mashed Brown Potatoes

Cabbage and Green Pepper

Apple Charlotte

Dinner No.12.


Rolled Stuffed Steak Riced Potatoes

Steamed Cabbage with Drawn Butter

Sauce

Apple and Date Salad.


Dinner No. 13.


Broiled Steak French Fried Potatoes

Creamed Cabbage with Cheese

Apple Sauce with Sponge Cake


These dinners with brown or white

bread, butter, tea or coffee and cookies

make meals ﬁt for the king's table.


laked Ham


Trench Cap


rows or 11/4, inches, which

completes the neck piece.

Do not break off yarn.


Eur Flaps and ’l‘ie.———One

chain, turn, single crochet

18 stitches, 1 chain, turn,

skip 1, single crochet 17

stitches, chain 1 turn, re-

peat, decreasing each row

until only two remain. Put

needle and crochet a chain

eight inches long for tie.


Break off yarn. For sec-

ond ﬂap start at other end

of neck piece and single

crochet 18 stitches and cont' ue direc-

tions same as first. Do not break off

yarn, turn and single crochet all

around cap and both sides of chain for

tie. Cover ﬂaps and tie with slightly


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lator. Drop Forged Crank Shaﬁ. Thread:-

less Valve Cages, etc. When you see a

Hardie Sprayer note its strength, sim-

plicity, compactness. lightness and can.

of operation. Send for catalog today.


THE HARDIE MFG. CO.

Hudson, Mich.


Bronchee in Portland, Ore. ; Kenn: City Mo.‘ ‘

Heaentown, Md.; Brockport. Y,


undln manufacturer: 0! a m l Mn I of over,

. ' ...... Mamas" ° -


\


LET US TAN

YOUR HIDE.


Home or Cow hide. Calf or other skins

with hair or fur on, and make them

into coats (for men and women). robes.

rugs or gloves when so ordered. Your

l will cost you lose than to buy

them and be worth more.

Our lunar-ted catalog gives a. lot of

information. It tells how to take of!

and care for hides; how and when we

pay the freight both ways; about our

sole dyeing process on cow and horse

hide. cult and other skins: about the

fur goods and game trophies we sell,

taxidermy. etc.

Then we have recently got out an-

other we call our Fashion book. wholly

devoted to fashion plates of mods,

nookwear and other fine fur garments.

with prices: also lur garments remod-

ded and I’ODIII'ed.

You can have either book by sending —;

our correct. address naming which. or

th books if you n . both. Address

The Crosb :- sinn Fur Conﬁrm.

571 Lye! Ave... Rochester. . Y.


The Government, through the Council of Nationnl. ,_

Defense. is calling attention to the extremeneed . *


for a largely increased number of well trained grad- ,1?-

uate professional nurses for service not only in the -

military hospitals but also to replace nurses from * "‘2

civilian hospitals who have volunteered for mill» ' . ‘ I

tary service. Emphasis is given to the standard!

required and to the fact that only profesoionally l

trained nurses can adequately aorve both military

and civilian. requirements. i

The Government has requested that all training

schools immediately take steps necessary to in;

crease the supply. It is important. that every I'D-

man who can possibly serve and is ready to dose

should become a student of a School of Nursing f

recognized standards. The training cannot be p

but. he of great advantnm! to any young woman .

whether she intends to adopt nursing as a profes-

slvn or not. and there can he no greater service

given to the Cause at this time by women, than by

equipping themselves for this profession. ’


‘ Mount Sinai Hospital Training School is planning

to enlarge its classes during the period of the “'ur.

it is prepared now to enroll applicants for the

Spring Class. which will open 'ehrunry 1. 1918.

Application should he made to the Princpal of tho

School. 1900 East 105th St... Cleveland, Ohio.


Heat Every Room

T/_‘<T\f\ '7

'I ' Through .

One Reglster .,

with this Kalamazoo".

Pipeless Furnace. Burn .1


54—; ‘ any fuel. Easy to install.

" Send for our catalog and I


- ' GetWholesale Price .

Save Money 23‘}. ﬁlm“.

' uiacturers. Quick shipment~we

pay freight. Cash or easy pay-


ments. \Vrite today.

Ask for Catalog I... 113


g; Immune 5m: mum.


Kalamazoo.

A Rummage


Dircu 1'.-


T


100 Candle Power lineal“;

pure white light from (kerosene) coll

oil. Beats either gas or e . '

/ COSTS ONLY 1 CENT FOR ‘ [om


—" We want one person in each [entity to "

whom we can refer new customérl.

Take advantage of our Special Other sq

secure 3 Beacon Lam III. Wm

today. AGENTS WA TED. '


non sun“ co., 28 lone whim... cumin.


.iyfii/

. 4’ y

\‘ %


v

I .


damp cloth and press with moderately

warm iron. A circular piece of card-

board 614, inches in diameter is a con-

venience in measuring for a ﬂat top.


Don’t forget that ladies’ discarded

woolen dresses make nice little suits

for small boys as well as dresses for

little girls. INow that woolens are so

high, work up all the durable, discard-

ed woolen garments in the house.


Immodlete Sill monk—All Styles—

2to 22 H-P.»No -¢ «Bic

0otput--Pricu moot le. rite :


on


Down.“ . n. w , Prue.

”3|“! Ella!!! UMI‘

' TIMI-Mn


flee-e Mention The Michigan Pm me

Writing to Advertise!- ' .
AVING decided, then, that you

are to open and keep a bank ac-

, 3 count, one of the very ﬁrst

things I wish to impress upon the

"'minds of our boys and girls is this,

. ,,_..that you should become money makers

but not money misers, that you shOuld

become savers but not boarders, that

you should make money for good and

legitimate purposes and save it in a

way that it will be useful to you and

to the world at large. I want you to

learn to be good money spenders as

Well as savers.

When I say spenders I mean it in

the broad sense of the word. A good

~ spender is the one who uses his money

to purchase that which shall be useful

to himself or some other and make the

.world richer because of his expendi-

ture. Does that look like an impossi—

._bility? Well, it is not, it is the key-

note to a real and successful life.

¥ If our boys and girls should take

their money and hide it away in a

stocking or bury it in an old iron tea

kettle, they have not done a useful

thing for the world. They have a few

" pennies of money where they can get

it, to be sure, should the need come——

that is, if some other person does not

' ﬁnd and get it ﬁrst; but it has been

withdrawn from circulation, the world’s

‘ cash is just that much smaller, that is,

available cash, and to this extent they

have actually reduced the world’s po‘s.

sibilities.

' On the other hand, if you will put

‘ your savings in a good bank you have

,not only started a relationship with the

banker that will surely be useful to

/ you, but you have also proven your use-

fulness to the world by placing your

earnings where they are available for

further and further uses and thus the

chain of "conﬁdence” has had another

link forged, each one of which will

, help to carry on that dollar’s worth of

business with but three cents of actual

. cash.

‘Now, it will depend quite largely on

'your exact conditions, just what kind

of a bank account you should best op-


ERWIN BISHOP, a country boy


M of Atlantic, Iowa, has found out

. that arithmetic problems have

;' a real interest and value for him when

"they help him to determine just how

much he made per pound or per month

On his prize-winning baby beef. As this

teeding contest extended for a year, he


The Homely Calf.

, nty of time in which to master


;and decimals as applied to

growing red calf.


ills asmight be presented» to ;


on ur Bog


g. At Work


.~—-——


. _:

V‘


6110 play


LTransacted '- By


How the World’s Business Is


COMFORT A. TYLER


Starting a Bank Account


en. If you are so situated that you

will need to make frequent additions

and withdrawals, then you will require

what is commonly called a “commer-

cial account” or a checking account.

If you will likely wish to make more

or less frequent additions but only rare

withdrawal-s, then the regulation “sav-

ings account” would be most suitable

for your needs. If you have some fair-

ly round sums, say of $50 or more, that

you expect to leave for some consider-

able time without disturbing it either

way, then you will ﬁnd the bank cer-

tiﬁcate of deposit a very convenient

form. .Most banks will allow a little

larger earning power, that is, will give

a little larger rate of interest on cer-

tiﬁcates of deposit, if left for some

stated period of time, say six months,

a year or longer, than will they on the

frequently changing account. This they

can afford to do as the permanent de-

posits make permanent investments

for the banker feasible and all are

helped by-it.


Now I know the average farm boy

and girl does not have a whole lot of

money at their disposal. I know the

opportunities for adding to their own

private little savings is not so very

great in most cases. The writer was

born and lived on a farm until he was

past forty, years old. I have been

through all of those experiences that

the farm boy gets whose parents were

as poor as the little hardscrabble farm

they lived upon and tried to make a

living from. With this knowledge I say

that I think the average farm boy and

girl should have a savings account in

some good bank. I say the parents of


these children are not-doing just as

they should by that boy or girl if they

do not encourage this idea.

not to me if the savings are so small

as to be almost a cipher, there is, may

be, should he, must be, the spirit and

habit of thrift planted in that boy or

girlSome day if they are to be useful

citizens; and the sooner it begins, the

earlier in life it is fostered into being,

the easier it will come. So I hope ev-

other boy and girl whose attention may

be drawn to-this article will start at

once and open a little savings bank

account. Tell your banker . exactly

what you want to do. No matter how

small the amount—even if it is no

more than one dollar, start an account.

Many of the banks will lend you a little

nickel safe to take home and slip your

odd pennies and small pieces of money

into it where it will be safe until you

take it to the bank to be opened and

the amount added to your savings.


A few days ago two small boys came

to my desk and said they wanted to

open savings accounts. I asked them

how much money‘ they had. One had

eighty-seven cents and one had seven-

ty-three cents. It is the rule of most

banks, as with this one, that one dol-

lar is required to open an account. I

dichSsed the matter with them as ser-

iously as if it had involved millions.

The result ﬁnally was that they divid-

ed the money they had evenly, which

gave them eighty cents each. I then

personally loaned them twenty cents

each, taking their notes for the amount

with interest at six per cent until paid.

There was as much formality in the

transaction as if dealing with the pres-


By GEORGE F. PAUL


him by his father, for in feeding his

calf he bought all his feed from his

father and kept strict account of every

bit of it.

to know the market price of everything

that he fed. For twelve months Mer-

win stabledhcurried and fed his calf,

which soon began to make rapid gains


It was also necessary for him


in ﬂesh under this watchful and regu-

lar care.


At the end of the twelve-month pe«

riod, Merwin again led his calf on the

scales, but by this time it had grown


into a handsome young heifer that tip-


ped" the scales at exactly 1,770 pounds.


As she. had weighed 390 pounds when

the test started, it was not hard for


him to ﬁgure out that she had made a

gain of sixty-ﬁve/ pounds a ‘month, or

over two pounds a day. When he came

to ﬁguring out the gain in per cent, he


madethe rather remarkable discovery ‘

that she»: had gained exactly g200.'per

cent, or in other words, she’ was just-

three times as heavy as‘she has basin

“also had practice in making when the test started. r .

He ﬁgured out that the total cost eff


It matters ,


ident of an automobile concern.


These boys have already made two

payments each on their notes, and in a

~ couple of weeks longer they will be out

Of debt. Was it a goOd thing to do?

Of course it was, for they have started

in business for themselves, are deing

business in the right way, have learn-

ed something about the obligations of

an indebtedness, for I' held their bank

books as collateral, taking a regular

collateral pledge from them just as I

would on a larger deal. These two

lads are started right.


Bov GETS $7.44 FOR ONE EAR 0F

SEED CORN.


Boys and girls, it pays to do your

work well. It pays in dollars and cents

besides in satisfaction. Members of

a boys’ corn club found this out at a

recent annual corn show when an auc-

tion sale of seed corn brought in a to-

tal of $52.94 distributed among three

club members who had grown the corn.


The , most remarkable incident of

the show was the sale of the grand

champion ear of corn. _There are two

remarkable things about this ear of

corn, ﬁrst the fact that the grand

champion ear of the whole show was

produced by a boy, and second that it

was sold, not by the ear, but by the

grain. Every single kernel on that ear

was counted and paidfor at the rate

of one cent per kerneITthe. ear bring-

ing $7.44.


Shelby Holton, aged fourteen, grew

the grand champion ear. He also grew

some of the corn sold for seed, there

being six half bushel crates belonging

to Shelby which sold for a total of

$18.75. His receipts for the day were,

therefore, $26.19.


There are many ways in which' it can

be shown that it pays to do our work

well, but when we can measure the

advantage in dollars and cents it is

much easier to understand. So, in do-

ing our part of the'farm work this

summer we should be particular about

doing well the things we undertake.


'e A Baby Beef Taught this Boy Arithmetic


one of the best heifers in the state, a

heifer that had been developed under


~ his personal care, Merwin had the


the feed was $48.34 and the cost per

100 pounds gain was $6.12. Merwin

was offered 15% cents a pound for the

ﬁnished heifer, which would bring her

value to $181.35: In addition to having


‘ s‘.


pleasure of winning a $35 prize offered

by the Iowa Beef Producers’ Associa-

tion. Now he is busy trying to deter-

mine the total value of all he learned

and earned while working for the prize.


”i ,..Wwaww "


>\


.1 ,;_mwmt;éﬁ
~ ‘ . -. .

wasta. : ”swarm“...- ~ a...


i


wwws.-. ‘ 1. .


Boys’ and Girls’

Club Notes


Conducted by. E. c. Lindemann


At the Calhoun County Round-up and

Exhibit held at Marshall on Friday and

Saturday of last week there were over

one hundred boys and girls from all

sections of the county. Thirteen clubs

were represented.


A. G. Kettunen has been employed

by the collegeto promote poultry clubs

during the coming season.


Loie Alwardt and Leona Alwardt, of

the Community Club of Abscota, show~

ed some real club spirit at the recent

Calhoun county exhibit. Miss Anna

B. Cowles, state club leader for girls,

told the following story about these

sisters at the club banquet: “These

girls were expected to make exhibits

of bread. Their bread was set on Wed-

nesday night.


ten to put in the yeast. The yeast was

added on Thursday but constant watch-

ing throughout the day failed to make

it risef At midnight they awakened

and found that it had risen enough so

that it could be baked. They got. up,

built a ﬁre and baked the bread, re-

turnng to bed at 4:00 a. m. The bread

was exhibited at the Marshall exhibit.”


Club Bulletin No. 11, written by C. A.

Spaulding, is now ready for distribu-

tion. It is called “Handicraft Work for

Boys’ Clubs.” It is well illustrated

and contains some valuable exercises

for boys who are interested in manual

work.


One of the potato club boys of Cal-

houn county drove thirty miles to get

his potatoes in for the Marshall ex-

hibit. He arrived too late for the ban-

quet and his. potatoes were frozen. He


.drove back to his home that night in


order to help with the chores the next

morning. I


Miss Jessie Marie DeBoth has been

employed as district leader for girls’

clubs in the upper peninsula.


It cost approximately $14,000 to pro-

mote boys’ and girls’ clubs in Michi-

gan during the past year and the boys

and girls who have reported up to date

have produced more than $70,000 in

value of food products.


School Commissioner B. S. Tefft, of

Saginaw, and County Club Leader C. P.

Pressley, are giving a course of study

in club leadership to rural teachers.

The teachers meet once each month in

Saginaw for intensive study. The ﬁrst

class met on Saturday, December 22,

and thirty-ﬁve teachers attended.


Handicraft demonstration teams will

be a feature of club work during the

coming year. Teams will be trained

for competition at the various county

and state fairs.


Miss Ruth Coller, of Ceresco, Ca1-

houn county, made a proﬁt of over two

hundred dollars on her poultry project

last season.


The Gami Phi Handicraft Demon-

stration team demonstrated the making


of the Michigan Garden Boy Cultivator

before the Kent County Boys’ and


Girls’ Club Round-up, and also before

the annual meeting of county agricul-

tural agents. At Grand Rapids they

made the cultivator in forty-ﬁve min-

utes. At East Lansing they completed

it in thirty minutes.


Ray White, of Albion, has been de-

clared state champion for the pork


production clubs of the state in the

sow and litter project. He cared for a


purebred Duroc-Jersey sow and raised

seven pigs. His net proﬁt from the one

sow so far is. $44.95. The champion-

ship in the pork production clas 1- has

.not yet been decided.


' January 15-16‘ are the dates for the

Corn and been, exhibits at the. Michigan

awareness: " .mtechamt


On Thursday mornings-know

they discovered that they had forgot-mave that delicious rabbit smell that


pionships in these two projects will be

decided at that time.


Boys interested in crop improvement

work will be welcomed at the College

on January 16.


Michigan bankers are ready to assist

in the organization and ﬁnancing of

sheep clubs for boys.


BUMPER MEETS A FOX.


(Continued from page 57).

fore, and he suddenly gained

dence by this knowledge.


“How. do you know I’m not a ghost ?"

he asked, smiling.


“How do I know? Ha! Ha! That’s

a good one! But I’ll tell you how I

I smell you. No ghost could


conﬂ-


ﬁlls my nose every time the wind

blows toward me.”


Bumper, for the lack of any words

to say, laughed long and hard at this


remark. Then he controlled himself,

and added. “I wouldn't trust my nose,

Mr. Fox. A rabbit’s ghost might smell


just as sweet and delicious as a real

one.”


“I don‘t believe it," grinned Mr. Fox.

“Anyway, I’m going to find out. If

you’re a ghost, Why, it will be easy

enough for you to disappear.”


“Yes of course but I should hate to

disappoint you. Now, do you know

where rabbits go when they die?”


“Yes, in my stomach.”


Mr. Fox laughed long and loud at

this cruel joke, and Bumper winced;

but he was playing for time to think

of a plan to"escape. Evidently Mr. Fox

was not ,to be .outwitted by ﬂattery,

and he determined upon another ruse.


There was a fallen tree near him,

but to reach it he would have to ad-

vance a few feet straight toward the

fox. The heart of the tree was rotten

and hollow, and to escape in this was

Bumper‘s design. But how to distract


V


t


kk—p “WM


r.—

(r—r‘r-r‘


I


«.—‘-——~.——-—


Weﬂawana


' of

kfa‘loric M’ml


The CALORIC is not a pipe ‘l

furnace with the pipes left off.

Neither is it an experiment,

it hastily put together to meet a ‘


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stores, factories. etc., more uniformly.

economically and satisfactorily than

they have ever been heated by other


k systems. W


HERE’S THE SECRET


The CALORIC works thru Nature's

own laws of circulation by air cur-

rents. Warm air rises. Cold air falls.

Warm air and'cold air cannot occupy

the same space at the same time. ‘


k .In the same volume that the warm

air is pumped up into the house. an

equal amount of cold air is drawn

into the furnace, where it is heated,

moistened by the vapor from the ‘l

k two-gallon water pan, and then re-


A


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circulated through the register. This

continues as long as the ﬁre burns.


Thus there is a constant circulation

of properly moistened warm air. Just

as running water puriﬁes itself, so

this circulating warm air, passing thru A

heat of from three hundred to eight

hundred degrees, in which no germ

can live, is kept pure and healthful. ‘


J


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%0ﬁginal Patented Pipeleos furnoc‘e 1'


Is guaranteed by the oldest and

largest manufacturers of warm

air heating systems in the Unit~

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when you buy a CALORIC.


Whether your house is old or new.

the Caloric is easily installed in one

day. without interruption of your

present heating arrangement. No


holes knOckcd in your walls, no cellar '


full of heat-wasting pipes. The Ca-

loric requires but one register and oc-

cupies little space. It burns any fuel.

and needs hardly any attention.

Makes housework one-third easier. as

there is no muss from carrying in coal

and carrying out ashes—no smoke.

gas or soot. Eliminates ﬁre danger and

increases the value of your property.


TWO BOOKS FREE

A full. illustrated explanation of

this remarkable furnace will be sent

to any address on request.


If you do not know the dealer who .


sells Caloric Furnaces in your town.

we will send you his name so that

you can see the furnace demonstrated.

Also the names of Caloric owners in

your locality.


Just send in the coupon or a. post

card and we will gladly supply full

information without in the least obli-

gating you to buy.


THE MONITOR STOVE 8: RANGE CO.


204 Cost Street "99 Yea'ro of


—_—.——>.——-——>_——>


Service ' '


Ohio


Cincinnati,


.4.


i


‘—


. ease


Mr. Fox's attention until he could

reach it was the question.


“Oh, Mr. Fox,” he said suddenly, “I

met Mr. Crow on the river, and he asks

ed me about the white crows in the

city. When I told him, he ﬂew away


to the city to see if living there would. ‘


turn him white. That’s a joke on Mr.

Crow all right, isn’t it?"


“Yes—but are there white crows in

the city?”


“There are white rabbits. *Then why

not white crows, and white foxes?”


‘.‘VVhite foxes?”


“Yes, why not?

one?”


“No, but I’ve heard of them, it seems

to me, but they live way up north,

don’t they?”


“If you want to see one now,” con-

tinued Bumper, “look at the sun for

ten seconds, and sneeze twice, and

then—”


“What then ?" .


“Do as I tell you, and then I'll tell

you the rest.”


Mr. Fox, after all, was a little vain,

or at least very curious, and this

strange proposition interested him. He

raised his head, and looked straight

into the blinding sun.


“Now' count—one, two, three, four,

and sneeze,” added Bumper.


Didn’t you ever see


No fox can look hardat the sun long .


without sneezing, and after counting

six this one nearly sneezed his head

off. That was what Bumper was wait-

ing for. He ,made a dive for the hol-

low tree, and got inside of it. When

Mr. Fox reached the log, and found the

hole too small for him, he was quite“

mad, and said: “I’ll make you. pay

for that trick some day, Mr. Rabbit.”

‘(In next week’s issue will be told

Bumper’s'experience ~ with the birds) .


Makes Farm 1%,er


Work Easy l;


W .


ternational ‘l

Harvester, Mogul

Kerosene Engine

on your farm?

This is an important 2(

question because

few factors contrib-

ute more to farm life, in t


You don’t mind the lack

much when you have a

' chores. Morning and nigh


IS there an In- .ijlt‘h


that used to be so tedious and tiresome.


‘ /i

he way of economy, time


saving, comfort, and lasting satisfaction, than the

right Size and type of Mogul engine.


of hired help nearly so


Mogul engine to do the


t it takes care of the jobs

It does not


get tired or quit just when you need t most. When

you find how useful it is and how cheaply it works,

you buy more labor—saving machines for it to run

until it is doing all the power jobs on the place.


Mogul engines are the

power. They are design


standard steady reliable

ed, made, backed and


guaranteed by a manufacturing experience that


i grew out of three-quarters of a century of good

farm machine building. They work economically on the


l cheapest engine fuel you can

F They start easily.

for years.


buy— kerosene or distillate.

They run steadily. They serve you well


Buy Mogul power and run your farm more proﬁtably and


with less labor. See the dealer


styles, for all purposes, all using


international Harvester


and write us for catalogues


describing Moguls ranging in size from 1 to 50-h. p., in all


kerosene for fuel.


Company of America


l

lm CHICAGO ‘T"°'.'°""’ u s A m

nonunion been" McCormick Milwaukee 0.1m» .. .


Please mention the Michigan Farmer when you

.are writing to advertisers and; you will '


«lamp to


es!-
‘s'ifnun 1.1;; ,


y . o

The Farmer s Friend

Formaldehyde has been rightly

dubbed “The Farmer’s Friend"

because it serves the scientiﬁc

farmer in a thousand " ways.


is the best and cheapest disinfectant—-

ofﬁcially endorsed as the standard treat-

ment for seed grains. It rids seed grains

of smuts and fungus growth, also ﬂax

wilt and scab and black- leg_ diseases

of potatoes, insuring healthy grain,

clean potatoes, onions, cucumbers, etc.

One pint bottle costing 35 cents treats

40 bushels of seed. Big book free.

Write to-day.


Perth Amboy Chemical Works

100 William Street New York


l


Nitrate 0i Soda


Data as to increased crop yields

due to the use of Nitrate are

available. Why not make your

business of crop fertilizing

proﬁtable by the use of Nitrate

of Soda whose efficiency is

known 1’


A bushel of corn or Wheat

or a bale of cotton today will

buy more Nitrate and more

Acid Phosphate than ever be-

fore.


Send for “Increased Crop Yields

from the use of Nitrate of Soda"


llr. WM. S. MYERS, Director

Chilean Nitrate Committee


25 Madison Avenue. New York


Get ISBELLS 1918

Seed Annual:


FREES


‘ On a Money Back Basls


Send your name and address

today for the Isbell 1918 Catalog.

It means crop insurance— and

sure roﬁts. You prove the quality

of Is ll's Seeds before you plant.


Seed Samples FREE

Ba ley. Oats, Alfalfa vi

i‘. coriilécrs, (irass Seeds -best tobe

had.C heck those you want. Paste

this ad. on a postal and mail today.

That will be a step to better crops and

bigger proﬁts. Now is the time to make

every acre pay more.

5. M. ISBELI. & C0.

919 Mechanic SMIckson.Mlch.


navigate "1m

rowiTi-cir Fame GrowsH


WERTHA

PAYS


. tilGHEST

PRICES


VOR'


EMPTYw


CASH FOR

EMPTY BAGS-


We pay hi hes tprices and

aleofreightc Be sure

to get our prices before dis-


Write as at ”once stating how


rm“ BAta‘umB COMPANY

61. Lou-lo. no.


By JAMES


HE creek which Thor was follow-

ing was a tributary of the Ba-

bine, and he was headed pretty


nearly straight for the Skeena. As he

was traveling upstream the country

was becoming higher and rougher. He

had come perhaps seven or eight miles

from the summit of the divide when he

found Muskwa. From this point the

slopes began to assume a different as-

pect. They were cut up by dark, nar-

row gullies, and broken by enormous

masses of rocks, jagged cliffs, and

steep slides of shale. The creek be-

came noisier and more difﬁcult to

follow.


Thor was now entering one of his

strongholds: a region which contained

a thousand hiding-places, if he had

wanted to hide; a wild, uptorn country

where it was not diﬂicult for him to

kill big game, and where he was cer-

tain that the man-smell would not fol-

low him.


For half an hour after leaving the

mass of rocks where he had encoun-

tered Muskwa, Thor lumbered on as if

utterly oblivious of the fact that the

cub was following. But he could hear

him and smell him.


Muskwa was having a hard time of

it. His fat little body and his fat little

legs were unaccustomed to this sort of

journeying, but he was a game young-

ster, and only twice did he whimper in

that half-hour—once he toppled off a

rock into the edge of the creek, and

again when he came down too hard on

the porcupine quill in his foot.


At last Th0r abandoned the creek

and turned up a deep ravine,'which he

followed until he came to a dip, or

plateau- like plain, half way up a broad

slope. Here he found a rock on the

sunny side of a grassy knoll, and stop-

ped. It may be that little Muskwa’s

babyish friendship, the caress ‘of his

soft little red tongue at just the psy-

chological moment, and his persever-

ance in following Thor had all combin-

ed to touch a responsive chord in the

other’s big brute heart, for after nosing

about restlessly for a few moments

Thor stretched himself out beside the

rock. Not until then did the utterly

exhausted little tan-faced cub lie down,

but when he did lie down he was so

dead tired that he was sound asleep in

three minutes.


Twice again during the early part of

the afternoon the sapoos oowin worked

on Thor, and he began to feel hungry.

It was not the sort of hunger to be ap-

peased by ants and grubs, or even

gophers and whistlers. It may be, tOO,

that he guessed how nearly starved

little Muskwa was. The cub had not

once opened his eyes, and he still lay

in his warm pool of sunshine when

Thor made up his mind to go on.


It was about three o’clock, a partic-

ularly quiet and droswy part of a late

June or early July day in a northern

mountain valley. The whistlers had

piped until they were tired, and lay

squat out in the sunshine on their

rocks; the eagles soared so high above

the peaks that they were mere dots;

the hawks, with meat-ﬁlled crops, had

disappeared into the timber; goat and

sheep were lying down far up toward

the sky-line, and if there were any graz-

ing animals near they were well fed

and napping.


The mountain hunter knew that this

was the hour when he should scan the

green slopes and the open places be-

tween the clumps of timber for bears,

and especially for ﬂesh- eating bears.


It was Thor’ s chief prospecting hour.

Instinct told him that when allvother

creatures were well fed and napping

he could move more openly and with

less fear of detection. "


The GriZZl-y


OLIVER CURWOOD


copyruht bytPolot Now-paper Service


King


_——


he would kill a. goat or a sheep or a

caribou in broad daylight, for over

short distances he could run faster

than either a. goat or a sheep, and as

fast as a caribou. But chieﬂy he killed

at sunset or in the darkness of early

evening.


Thor rose from beside the rock with

a prodigious whoof that loused Musk-


wa. The cub got up, blinked at Thor.


and then at the sun, and shook him-

self until he fell down.


Thor eyed the black and tan mite a

bit sourly. After the sapoos oowin he

was craving red, juicy ﬂesh, just as a

very hungry man yearns for a thick

porterhouse instead of lady ﬁngers or

mayonnaise salad—ﬂesh and plenty of

it; and how he could hunt down and

kill a. caribou with that half-starved


but very much interested cub at his


heels puzzled him.


Muskwa himself seemed to under-

stand and answer the question. He

ran a dozen yards ahead of Thor, then

stopped and_looked back impudently,

his little ears perked forward, and with

the look in his face of a. small boy

proving to his father that he is per-

fectly qualiﬁed to go on his ﬁrst rab-

bit hunt.


With another whoof Thor started

along the slope in a spurt that brought

him up to Muskwa immediately, and

with a sudden sweep of his right paw

he sent the cub rolling a dozen feet

behind him, a manner of speech that

said plainly enough, “That’s where you

belong if you’re going hunting with

me!”


Then Thor lumbered slowly on, eyes

and ears and noStrils keyed for the

hunt. He descended until he was not

more than a hundred yards above the

creek, and he no longer sought out the

easiest trail, but the rough and broken

places. He traveled slowly and in a

zigzag fashion, stealing cautiously

around great masses of boulders, sniff-

ing up each coulee that he came to,

and investigating the timber clumps

and windfalls.


At one time he would be so high up

that he was close to the bare shale, and

again so low down that he walked in

the sand and gravel of the creek. He

caught many scents in the wind, but

none that held or deeply interested

him. Once, up near the shale, he

smelled goat; but he never went above

'the shale for meat. Twice he smelled

sheep, and late in the afternoon he

saw a big ram looking down on him

from a precipitous crag a hundred feet

above.


Lower down his nose touched the

trails of porcupines, and often his head

hung over the footprints of caribou as

he sniffed the air ahead.


There were other bears in the valley,

too. Mostly these had traveled along

the creek-bottom, showing they were

blacks ' or cinnamons. Once Thor

struck the scent of another grizzly,

and he rumbled ill-humouredly.


Not once in the two hours after they

left the sunrock did Thor pay any ap-

parent attention to Muskwa, who was

growing hungrier and weaker as the

day lengthened. No boy that ever lived

was gamer than the little tan—faced

cub. In the rough places he stumbled

and fell frequently; up places that

Thor could make in a single step he

had to ﬁght desperately to make his

way; three times Thor waded through

the creek and Muskwa half drowned

himself in following;: he was-battered

and bruisedand wet and his foot-hurt

him—but he. followed. Sometimes he

was close to Thor, and at others he had

to run to catch up. The sun was set-


‘ , why a:

his huge bulk suddenly alongside a.

rock at the edge of a rough meadow,

from which they could look down into


a small hollow. He wanted to whimper, '


but he was afraid. And if he ever

wanted his mother at any time in his

short life he wanted her now. He could

not understand why she had left him.

among the rocks and had never come

back; that'tragedy Langdon and Bruce

were to discover a little later. And he

could not understand why she did not

come to him now. This was just about


his nursing hour before going to sleep '


for the night, for he was a March cub,

and, according to the most approved

mother- bear regulations, should have

had milk for another month.


He was what Metoosin, the Indian,

would have called munookow—that is,

he was very soft. Being a bear, his

‘birth had not been like that of other

animals. His mother, like all mother-

bears in a cold country, had brought

him into life a long time before she

had ﬁnished her winter nap in her den.

He had come while she was asleep. For

a month or six weeks after that, while

he was still blind and naked, she had

given him milk, while she herself

neither ate nor drank nor saw the light

of day. At the end of those six weeks

she had gone forth with him from her

den to seek the ﬁrst mouthful of sus-

tenance for herself. Not more than

another six weeks had passed since

then, and Muskwa weighed about

twenty pounds—that is, he had weigh-

ed twenty pounds, but he was emptier

now than he had ever been in his life,

and probably weighed a little less.


Three hundred yards below Thor

was a clump of balsams, a small thick

patch that grew close to the edge of

the miniature lake whose water crept

around thegfarther end of the hollow.

In that clump there was a caribou—

perhaps two or three. Thor knew that

as surely as though he saw them. The

wenipow, or “lying down,” smell of

hoofed game was as different from the


nechisoo, or “grazing smell,” to Thor ,


as day from night. One hung elusively

in the air, like the faint and shifting

breath of a passing woman’s scented

dress and hair; the other came hot and

heavy, close to the earth, like the odor

of abroken bottle of perfume.


Even Muskwa now caught the scent

as he crept up close behind the big

grizzly and lay down.


For fully ten minutes Thor did not

move. His eyes took in the hollow, the

edge of the lake, and the approach to

the timber, and his nose gauged the

wind as accurately as the pointing of a

compass. The reason he remained

quiet was that he was almost on. the

danger-line. In other words, the moun-

tains and the sudden dip had formed

a “split wind” in the hollow, and had

Thor appeared ﬁfty yards above where

he now crouched, the keen-scented car- .

ibou would have got full wind of him.


With his little ears cocked forward

and a new gleam of understanding in

his eyes, Muskwa now looked upon his

ﬁrst lesson in game-stalking. Crouched

so low that he seemed to be traveling

on his belly, Thor moved slowly and

noiselessly toward the creek, the huge

ruff just forward of his shoulders

standing out like the stiffened spine of

a. dog’s back. Muskwa followed. For

fully a hundred yarda'Thor continued

his detour, and three times in that hun-

dred yards he paused to sniff in the

direction of the timber. At last he was

satisﬁed. The wind was full in his face,

and it was rich with promise.


He began to advance, in a. slinking,

rolling, rock-shouldered motion, taking .

shorter steps now, and with every mus:

cle in his great body ready for action.

Within two minutes he reached the

edge of the balSams, and there he

paused again. The crackling of under- ,

brush came distinctly.-

were up, but they were not

They were going forth


The caribou.


‘I‘


WW
-,. ‘


MIGHIG/AN RABBIT anesoans' A8-

“ SOCIATI'ON'IS FORMED»


Recently, at Grand Rapids, the Hotel

Browning was the scene of an enthu-

siastic throng oil-rabbit breeders. The

meeting, whichwas called to order at

four o’clock, precipitated an organiza-


' tion which is to be known to the public


as the “Michigan Rabbit Association.”


This associaton was formed tofur-

ther the work of Mr. Hoover and give

the rabbit a prominent place on our

menus. This surely will be accomplish-

ed if the ambitionsrof these rabbit

breeders are realized. The meeting

was called to order by Mr. Mieras, of

Grand Rapids, as chairman, through

whose untiring efforts this organization

was accomplished.


Mr. Alvah Brown discussed the rab-

bit situation and told of his ambition

in that line. He has converted his

former piggery into a rabbit farm and

he says his efforts will not cease until

he has. succeeded in raising a million

rabbits. He has selected Mr. V. E.

Curtis, a well known and successful

rabbit breeder, as his manager, under

whose direction Mr. Brown’s project is

assured. Other discussions were made

by Messrs. V. D. Hindelong, Ekolber-

aner and James Heuy.


,

Michigan was well represented, many


out-of—toWn members being present.

The new organization starts with a

membership of more than a hundred,

several women being among this num-

ber, for they, too, have found it a prof-

itable Occupation. \


With a little encouragement the rab-

bit industry promises to increase mate-

rially. Few people know how delicious

the Belgian hare is when properly

cooked and it is so easily. digested that

it is eagerly sought by hospitals for

their patients. The banquet that fol-

lowed proved conclusively the delicate

ﬂavor of the rabbit meat and the dif-

ferent varieties in which it could be

prepared. '


It was decided to hold semi-monthly

meetings, and rabbit breeders desiring

membership can secure an application

blank by notifying any ofﬁcer of the

organization.


The oﬂicers of the new association

are: President, Alvah Brown; vice-

president, G. H. Barbour, of Chelsea;

second vice-president, George Haarer,

of Ann Arbor; third vice-president, C.

C. Blackburn, of Samaria; secretary-

treasurer, Fred De Vos, of Shelby;

directors, D. Mieras, E. L. Brown, E.

Haarer, Mrs. Mary Alice Davis, of

Shelby, D. J. Vernon, Mrs. Mary Kol-

enberander, J. Griffith, D. O. Hogan, V.

E. Curtis, V D. Hindelong, Gale John-

son, A. A. Harrison, E. G. Blakely, C.

V. Lemon, E Van Lopik, James Heuy,

G. H. Diamond, and P. Barker Mason.


HOME-MADE SHIPPING COOP.


This coop requires six pieces twelve

inches long and six pieces thirty inches

long, of one-by-two, one-by~three, or

one-by-t‘our inch stuff. Nail these piec-

es securely at the corners to make

three frames 12x30 inches in side. Nail

short pieces of lath across them not

more than two inches apart. Nail the

bottom on ﬁrst, using lath or light

boards, then the sides and lastly the

top. Leave a six-inch opening in the

middle of the top and nail strips of tin

or leather across the opening at the

ends and middle under which two lath

may he slipped to close it. By having

the end slats up and down instead of

’crosswise, as is customary, the crate

is much stronger, and. lighter stuff can

be used for the drame, thus decreasing

the cost of transportation. The parti-

tion through the .middle not only

strengthens the'crate but reduces the

risk [of loss through crowding. Not

orer‘ eighty pounds of two‘pound'b'ro‘il-

ers should be shipped in one coop,

though in cool weather a coop will hold

up to 120 pounds of hens. Crowding


* is to, be avoided as it is likely to cause

; loss'through deaths or shrinkage.


;


(3.N .er'rexnn.


P o u l t r y

. “Know How ’

TE“ Hey’nur


Mum Tr "3”“ Get the money-making Ideas

that started 750,000 owners of


Old 'l'raslq


—invented bye. practical engi-

.. neer and poultryraiser. Freight

or express repaid. Write and

get price have been quoting

in 1917. Book tree.


M. M. JOHNSON CO.

Clay Center. Nob.


.——‘ A M m. I

$ 9 5 Champion 140 - Egg

5—“, Belle City Incubator

Prize Winning Model—Hot Water—COpper Tank

~DoubleWails of Fibre Board—Self Regu-

lated—Thermometcr‘Holder—DeepNurs-

'- cry. When ordered with $5.25 Hot Water

l40-chick Brooder—bothcostonly $12.95.


.. Freight Prepaid

Satisfaction Guaranteed ,1

Over 650,000 Satisfied Users

Start Early-Order Now-Share In my

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““2?"’.”t3.‘t’h3§.‘.'ﬂi: mazes:

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or let gup an oimrating. you are ’ Home Te“


euro 0 success. ban. Pres.

Belle City Incubator Co. , Box 14 Rscine.Wis.


East of

Bookles


.w 1 ., -


doll.


and 5/00df’l' For


It Ordered together. reight Paid

east of Rockies. Hot wa- . , .

ter copper tanks, double walls, . , »


_ dead air space, double glass 7;


doors. all set up complete. or ‘

180 E Incubator andBroodei-ttt‘la.

FRI! atalvue describing them. Send

for it TODA or order direct. (2)


Wisconsin Incubator 00., Boxu Racine“;


MAN KATO SPECIAL


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preps —- an ato e-


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EGG INCUBATOR‘

CHICK BROODER


Incubator ie cov-


: ered with asbestos angral- ,


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walla.coppertank,nurs-

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nee. DAYS TRIAL—money bac f .

not 0.K. Write fol FREE CauWw

Ironcladln ~1 -etor Co. 1&1 Raclna Ville.


- Valuable New Poultry

C 64 BREEDS Book Free—108 pages.

Fine pure-bred chickens, ucke. geese and

turkeys. Choice, hardy orthern raised.

Fowls, eggs and incubalors at lav-r Brio-es.

‘ America sgreatest poultry farm. 5t year

. \- . in business. Write for Free Book.

3. F. NIUBER‘I' 60.. 803817. ”collate. Miln-


avguaraas 5 P ltry

“ALL ABOI'T Boos" 0“

“SECRETS of SUCCESS with CHICKENS" Book

"Pomrnns FOR SUMMER a FALL“ 3

This Lee Poultry Library of ﬁve booklet for5c F

stamps to cover mailing. Send at once to ree

GEO.H.LEE 00., 265 Lee Building. Omaha. Neb.

a n d equipment


POULlIll SUPPLIES Emma... y...


' need from legbnnds to buildings. 40 pagc tree cuts.

‘ log quotes lowest prices on hundreds of articles.

GEORGE B. FERRIS. 634 Shirley Street. Grand Rapids. Mlch.


ple ::


FOR SAL 3600 egg Candoe Incubator at a


bargain only been run lsennon.


D. S. CLARK. - - - - - Pulaski. Mich.

POULTRY


HOMESTEAD FARMS


POULTRY SALE '

We have the following birds for immediate delivery.

Pullets—full grown and about ready to lay: 24 White

Plymouth Rocks: 20 Barred PI mouth Rocks: 10 S. 0.

Rhode Island Reds; 10 White 0 horns: alsoZt) Leg-

horns two-thirds grown. l2 Black )rplngtons.

Yearling Hens—moultin ﬁnished 60 S. C. White Leg-

horns: 30 8.0.Bhode Islam Reds; 12 Black Orpingtons.

Cookerole—Rose and Single (‘omb White Leghorns:

Barred Plymouth Rocks: Iihode Island Reds; Black

Minor-can. These nre season closing miles.

HOMESTEAD FARMS Bloomingd ale. Mich.


BREEDING COOKERELS


Trapnested. bred-to-lay stock. 8. C. White Le horns,

combs sliﬁitlvtrosted $1.23 each. Barred Rocks .each.

SUNNYB 00K POULTRY FARM, Hillsdale, Mich.


Cockerols for

Barred ROCks sale from strain

with records to 290 eggs 8. year. 82 to 8" each. Circu.

lar tree. FRED STLING. Constantine, Mich.


Barred Plymouth Rock cookorels 83.00 each.

Full blood from prize-winning heavy

laying strain. J. A. Barnum. Union City. Mich.


' korelefrom good In in strai

Barred ‘OCI‘S .00 each two for 85. y B n

A. A. WOOD b SON. - - - - Saline. Mich.


lamd Incl comma statute's“ P“-

W. C. COFFMAN, R. 3 Benton Berg; Mich.

Chicks, w.‘ 2h” thousands, booking orders now


for n delivery. free booklet.

FREEPOET inrdn Y. Freopoft. Mich.


Breeding Stock 3’6? S‘nﬂi’iﬁﬁi‘: as?“

White Line Poultry lei-in. Hilledale. Mich.


lllil‘l' IRAIMAgyggc-ru. good on...

W-E-Pewos. .1


Box 12,


- . .-Vsadslta. Mich. '


A real hcav laying strain. trapncsted l


years. recor s from 200 to 264 eggs. Get

our s cial summer prices on Yearling hens.

" brec ing males. eggs for hatching. 8-week-

old pullers and ds old chicks. We ship C. O. D. and

guarantee results. dialog gives prices; describes stock; tells

all about our farm and methods; results you can get by breed-

ing this strain. Sand for your copy now—it Is Ircc.

GEORGE B. FERRIS 9“ Union. Grand Rapids. Mich.


l'lne Brosl 3. II. While 0rpinglnns, 0“ “$1.11. "Sift

cooks and hens also oung eookerels. MRS. WILLIS

ROUGH. PINE CR 8T FARM. Royal Oak, Mich.


Leyhill S. 0. W. In


breeding hens now.


Ill'll‘ Large. great layers. Pure

white. argaineinchoice

verfresh Egg Farm. Ionia. Mich.


BUFF Leghorne. breeding cookerels also a few ﬂue

pens of four hens and cockerel for 810. More liens

Dr. William A. Smith. Petereburg. Mich.


.2 extra.

Fowler's Buff Rocks Sggkgggg'gs‘ngg

from two dollars up according to quality.


3. B. FOWLER, Harttord. Mich.


RHODE ISLAND REDS and plymouth Rocks Males

5 to 121m. aocordin to age 82 .to 5: P. B. hens

weight Stololbs. eggs 1!) or$lz 100.85: 1m.80.Mammoth

Bronze Tom Turlxeya 8 to 38 lbs. accordin to age “to

823. 10 eggs 53 J. Morris & J. Barsan.


RIIOIDE ISLAND REDS.


Both Combs. Cooks, Hens. Cockerels and Pullets at rea-

sonable prices. Interlakes Farm, 80:39. Lawrence. Ilich.


Cooker-ole. Leadi t i1r

R. C. BI‘. [C horn in America. bredggninra'il‘ig

note. '82 eaoha ter Dec. 1. A square deal. orders

promptly tilled. E. Hlmobauph. - Goldwater. Mich.


asaar. Mich.


R 0 Br. Leghorn cockorels $1.50 and 82. A few nice

I. e In rinl Pexlgn Ducks 82 each. Drakes all

so


no

Mn. Wm. okert. Carson City. Mich.


S C. W. Leghorn hene two years old and late hatch-

. ed illets 01 each, Cockerols. utility and trap-

nested 1.50 to 85.Hillcrost PoultryFarm.YpsilantlJich


S C Rhode Island Cockerels. pure bred—ﬁne large

e e dark red birds. will improve your ﬂock. Price

$2.50 each. Alfred Deichinann. Pigeon. Mich., R. 3.


SILVER Golden and White Wynndottee. Choice

breeding stock of sale after Oct. let, a few bargains

in yearling bone. 0. W. Browning, R. 2. Portlandﬂlch.


WHITE Wyundottes. I have a fine lot of April and

May hntchinggcockerels for $3.00 and $3.00 each.

DAVID RAY. 7 Norris St...


50 extra choice cockerels 83


White Wyando‘.es t085. Ishlp on approvul and


guarantee satisfaction. Milton E.Stewart. R. 3, Augusta. Mich.

FELT . - ~ _- ‘—


$ 1 each for Immediate sale. 458. C. W. Leghorn year-


ling hens that averaged 160 eggs each their first


car. Must be sold at once to make room.

. S. FISH. R. -l Manchester, Mich,


Ypsilanti. Michigan.


Crickerelsfli‘rom Chicago Coliseum winninzetock. 83

d’ up ”lllllgli't'RlA' Buff llOCkS. hull) (‘umlps Rwls. Spun-

lsh.0prlugtous.Wyandottcs. 'l‘yronc I’oultrv l“I'|I'III. Fonton,Mich


While Chinese Ganders i;‘.“ii,‘i§i".‘§l.“ﬂ2;


horn hens. Cockerels all sold.

MRI. CLAUDIA BI‘I'I'S. Hillldalo. Michigan


F 0 R S A L E Eio’ﬁzfiiixiﬁtmmm


nonnamiavnrs sou. 11.1. Caro. Mtch.‘


FINE lame White "Rock Cockerell. $4 to 5. Aleola

ew pullets. Prize winning stock. State vour

wants to Mrs. Elsie M. Robinson. Peterlburg.'Mich.


BREEDERS’ DIRECTORY.


Change of Copy or Cancellations must reach us

Ten Days before date of publication.


We Offer a Few Special Bargains

In S. C. White Leghorn cockerels, Ram-

bouillet rams, Hampshire pigs (either

sex) and Holstein bulls. A good chance

for a small investment to reap the bene-

fit of a large expenditure of capital and

years of expert breeding.


Flanders Farm. Orchard Lake, Mich.

CATTLE.


WOODCOTE ANGUS


Trojan-Erica and Blackbirde only Breeders of the

dam and former owners of the sire (our herd bull)

or the Grand Champion Bull at the International

Chicago for 1917.


WOODCOTE STOCK FARM. Ionia. Mich.


‘ Aberdeen Angus. Twelve yearling

Reglstered heifers for sale. Our motto: size

wnh quality bcst of breeding. Price 8139 each for

bunch. F. J. WILBElt, ll. 4. Clio. Mich.


IITIIIII‘IIWIIIIIUULI


31/2 Lbs. Butter A Day From

A Grade Guernsey

This cow produced in one month

93.9 lbs. butter fat, equivalent

to 109.5 lbs. of butter—over

3% lbs. daily—and 1,566.1 lbs.

milk testing 6% fat. l

Use a Guernsey Bull l

Guernsey grades are the cows

for proﬁt. They are the most

economical producers of butter

fat. It has that wonderful natur-

al yellow color. Write for book

showing how to make-more pro- ;

ﬁts from scrub cows.


American

Guernsey


Clttlo Club I


I


‘4


:1

.l

1

:

' II

:

:

1


-...


Wayne—v


illwilllrllljlnIIlIIllullLII]


Registered Guernsey:

Stock always for sale. Ma Rose Strain—Herd Tuber-


culin tested annually. -' ever ac‘. a reactor— 0

abortion. J. u. WILLIAMS, North Ada-inMichl.1


GUERNSEYS suggyggrhegg' 82:3;

. O 00 m

Glenwood brooding also bulls. all stock of A. aimed

ingﬁherdtuberoulin tested. ‘ I .


'r. . 1.1953 - . Battle Creek, Mich.


I I 274.7 '


—


Guernse s-R’ﬁagfoﬁ'm'ﬁlf'ffgx‘.

euline tested. Geo. .Crawtord.' Bolton. M oh.


a 45 its lstered head. all th. tested. Nora's

“0'03!!! Mai'gglnf. son of Imp. May Rose Ki '

heads our herd, of h I half sisters sold averaginl


each. His bull calves are booked ahead at reasonab 0

prices. Avondale Stock Farm, Wayne. Mich.


GU E R N 8 BY S}%EIJ(§%§E%EIB

Containln blood of world champions.

HICKS’ OUER SEY FARM. Saginaw, . 8.. Mich


THE DIFFERENCE

between a purebred


HOLSTEIN


£32.32 C O W

ISemc crucial Aver- Average of

ages 0! Holstein: all cows in U. S.

7,000 1,823

Quart: of Milk Quart: of Milk

.5 year a year


The world's record. 31 246.9 pounds of milk in

one year, was made by aholsteln cow. Write for

tree information about this proﬁtable breed.


’l‘llll llOLSTlilN-FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION

OF AMERICA, Box 164, Brailleboro. Vt.


Registered Guernee bill o I.

For Sale ves Mny Rose breedili .l a

JOHN EBELS. 11.2. Hollan , Mich.


EG. HOLSTEINS: Herd headed b Albina Bout.

RButter Boy No. 93124. Dnm's recor at. 6 yrs. butter

28.:331bs.milk619.4. Yurly record at 2% yrs but“:

men... milk 13622 lbs.W. B. HEADER. Howell, Mich


CLUNY STOCK FARM


lOO--REGISTERED HOLSTE!NS--loo

When you need a herd sire remember that we


der strict sanitary conditions. Every individual

over 6 mos. old regularly tuberculin tested. We


ed by the best strains of breeding.


\\ rite us I{our wants.

R. BRUCE McPHE SON, Howell. Mich.


accepted In payment. of ﬁnely bred re -

‘ 600d "Ill. istered Holstein hull calves. Qllbllgy

of the best. and at. prices within reach of all. Write,

GEO. D. CLARKE, - - Vassar, Mich.


’ Pedigree Stock Farm offers Re .Hol-

Pal-ham 3 stein cattle. Chester White wine.

extrabargins in calves and fall pigs. Bulls halt rice.


B. B. PARHAM. Bronson. Mich.


G eon elm lb. bull Cam In grand.

t$n59d Hegsmdgézulgbhtfprof llde Kol 2nd But-

er oy . r . or am . . . o .


M. L. MoLAULIN. - - Redford. Michigan.


New Fine Bulls For Sale


Iigolows Holstein Farms. Breedsvillu, Mich.


“TOP - NUTBH” HIILSIEINS


“Milk production Is an inherited ability. Good cows

must be bred to good pure-bred bulls If progress in

doirying is to be made '3


Extract I... 8. Dept. of Agric. Bulletin.


Here is a great “Milk" Bull having the ability to

transmit large milk and butter production.

Born Sept. 20, 1916


marriage": 3......


. I Milk 365 da 5 @854 lbs

ms 13““ 8 “0'30"“; Butter 365 dogs 842 lbs.

Handsomely marked. about 3‘ white. Price 8200.


McPherson Farms Co., Howell, _Mich.


I Always Have Holsteins

To Sell


It wanting Registered cattle write me your Wants

before placing your order elsewhere.


I... E. CONNELL, Fayette, Ohio


WINWOOD HERD


REGISTERED HOLSTEINS


- _ Holton, Mich.

Reference: Old State Bank. Fremont, Mich.

Flint: Maplecreat Boy site in service


Hie sire in Map ecreet Korndyke Hengerveld. his 3

Nearest Dams each over 30 lbs. of butter inldaya.

His dam and grand dam both made over I232 lbs. of

butter in lyear. It ietho yearl cow we are looking

for to deliver the goods. Flint aplecrest Boy's Dam is

Gluck Vassar Bell. 30.57 lbs. of butter in 7 da 8 and 120

lbs. ln30daye. Her butter rat testis 5.27. T In looks

about right to the man who goes to the creamery.

We have Bull Calves from 2 weeks to 8 months old for

sale at dairlytarmera' prices all outot A. R. 0. Boilers.

Write it tel us the kind of a bull you want.


John H.Winn. (Inc.,) Holton. Mich.


FOR Sale One registercd Holstein bull calf. Siro’s

twenty nearest dame have 7. da. records av. 25.68 lb.

butter. Dam to be tested. A finely marked. growthy

lndlvldul. Long Veiw Farm. R. 3.80: lo A. Rochester. Mich.


CHOICE Holstein bulls nearly old enough for

service. No.1born January 24, 1917 sire'e dam,

grand-dam and great grand-dam'n semi-o clal record.

avers e 842 lbs. butter Dam of calf 18 lbs. butter 7 days

as sen or2yr.-old, average per cent fat 4.3. No. 2 Sired

by 23 lb. bull and out of a 14 lb. Junior 2-yr.-old.

C. L. BRODY, Owner. Port Huron, Mich,

Chas. l'etere. Herdsman. Three Rivers. Mich.


Butter Fat Counts


Holstein Bull Calves from a 80 lb 6.53 iSire. Dam

are grand daughters of the King of the Pontiace.

Theirdame grand daiigh tors of Sadie ValeConcordla

the first 3) lb. cow. dwin S Lewis, Marshall.Mlch.


° »BullCalt born Mar.’l,ﬂ ei dI Id t

HOISteln a rlze winncri‘rom 29.anlb.n8l;e Ballad

23.80 lb. lyr. old am. Price low. »

AJ‘. LOOMIs. . . - . . Owoeeo. Mich‘


‘ ° - bull and heifer cal es tor sale

Reg. HOISteln Extra heavy milk'ing dams.

0. L. HULETT b SON, - - - OkemoeJdich.


ull calves sired by a double g-eon of lrion Hen -

veld De KoLButter Boy from dame éa “5::-

eet {083111 record breeding. Write for photos and prices

a e . Outonegon Valley Holstein Isl-m. Bruce's CroesIng.Ich.


Our Yearling Bulls


are said. Why not buy a calf and raise rnext'


sire. a Sons of our §2Ib. he sire at reasonable prices.


A limited number at aloe. I . *

E. M. Pierce l n. 'Mnncheeter. Mich.


have one of the best herds in Michigan, kept. up. ’


have size. quality. and production records back-
STATE GRANGE OFFICERS.

Master—John C. Ketcham, Hastings.

Overseer—C. H. Bramble, Tecumseh.

Lecturer—Dora H. Stockman, Lan-

sing.


Secretary—Jennie Buell. Ann Arbor.


Treasurer—Frank Coward, Bronson.


Executive Committee—Jae. Helms,

Adrian; Geo B. Horton, Fruit Ridge;

J. W. Hutchins, Hanover; W. F. Tay-

lor, Shelby; Wm. H. Welsh, Sault Ste

Marie; N. P. Hull, Dimondale; Burr

Lincoln, Harbor Beach.


STATE GRANGE MEETING.


(Continued from last week).


As was stated in the preliminary re-

port of the recent meeting of State

Grange, the war crisis brought to the

session a wealth of new and strong

subject matter for discussion and ac-

tion. In a broad way, almost every

such resolution related itself more or

less directly to the scarcity of food,

shortage of labor or to unsatisfactory

marketing facilities. These were the

outstanding practical aspects of the

meeting. This installment of our re-

port will deal with these features.


Direct Marketing.


Recurring again and again in ofﬁ-

cers’ and committee reports, rang out

the call for better selling methods for

farm produce; petition after resolution

asked for relief which would enable

farmers to respond to the nation’s re-

quirement for increased production

without mortgaging'the farm home to

meet wages and production costs. Stor-

ies from strong men of how their

wives and children had worked early

and late the past season; authenticat-

ed reports of repeated lOsses by early

frosts; pleas for relief from middle-

men’s unjust proﬁts and unreliable

market reports—these made the under-

tone voiced by a. bony of people, not

unwilling but unable to meet fully the

nation’s demand upon them for more

food. Out of this mass of statement

and suggestion, let us select a few deﬁ-

nite conclusions, arrived at by a body

of 368 farm men and women who prob-

ably very fairly represent the rural

rank and ﬁle in Michigan.


Perhaps signiﬁcant as anything, as

showing the drift of economic thought

in this body, was a resolution recom-

mended favorably by the committee on

legislative action, with the Hon. A. B.

Cook as chairman, and later endorsed

by the Grange. It reads as follows:


Whereas, our state game and ﬁsh

warden, by establishing a system of

direct marketing of ﬁsh has accom-

plished a very material saving to thou-

sands of consumers of ﬁsh, therefore,


Be it resolved, that we compliment

our ofﬁcial on this service rendered and

urge the passage of any needed legisla-

tion to make it possible for the state

to engage in the business of market-

ing on any occasion when it is expedi-

ent to do so.


A resolution, introduced by Burr B.

Lincoln, of the Executive Committee,

and' adopted by the Grange, placed the

delegates on record as “of the opinion

that the Detroit Live Stock Market

should issue a correct daily market re-

port and give representative sales;

also that prices should be uniform with

other markets.” To make this of prac-

tical effect, the State Master was in-

structed to take up the matter of quo-

tations with the Detroit market in the

line of the resolutions


While the Michigan Grange system

of cooperative buying gave the great-

est satisfaction to delegates by report—

ing that it had had the heaviest patron-

age of any year in its history, on the

other hand the demand for a uniﬁed

and supervised system of cooperative

selling surged higher than ever. It

would not down, and it nowvlooks as if

still greater progress will be made in

1918 by the Grange in this direction

than has site}: been: made. before.


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WE CURE FILES. FISTULA and all other DISEASES of the RECTUM (except

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Our treatment has been so successful that we have built up the LARGEST PRACTICE IN

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We are not extensive advertisers as we depend almost wholly upon the gratitude of

. the thousands whom we have cured for our advertising. You may never see our ad

again so you better write for our book today before you lose our address.


Drs. Burleson & Burleson

804 The Burleson Bldg. Grand Rapids, Michigan


are common in Western Canada. The thousands of U. S. farmers

who have accepted Canada’s generous offer to settle on home-

steads or buy farm land in her provmces_have been well repaid

by bountiful crops of wheat and other grains.


Where you can buy cod farm land at $15. to $30. per

acre-got $2. a bus cl for when and rain 20 to 46

bushels to the-acre you are bound to make money- that's

what you can do in Western Canada.


In the rovinces of Manitoba. Saskatch-


ewan or berta you can get a


Homestead of ISO Acres Free

and other land at very low prices.


During many years Canadian‘ wheat

ﬁelds have averaged 20 bushels to the

acre—many yields as high as 45 bushels

to the acre. Wonderful crops also of

\ Oats. Barley and Flu. Mixed Farm-


\


In: II as proﬁtable an industry as grain rais-


ing. Good schools churches markets conven-

ient, climate excellent. Write for literature

and particulars _as to reduced railway rates

to Supt. of Immlmtlon, Ottawa. Cam. or to '


M. V. MclNNES,


k l 178 Jefferson Ave., Detroit, Mich.

\ Canadian Government Agent.


What 150 s‘l'ill'gjou 't'fz". Nation’s Ca'pital


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"ml ind comyct (“Inglis o: publlc “if“... in its 25th year. This paper ﬁlls the billwithoutemptylng-the pluses

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Community Clubs


Form a Michigan Farmer Community Club in your neighborhood. It

means a saving for you and your neighbors on Michigan Farmer subscrip.

tions. These clubs are easy to form because there are a lot of people-in your,

neighborhood who are interested in the Michigan Farmer and want to take it.

Those who are new subscribers will also want to take advantage of these club

rates when renewing their subscriptions. L


.1. ,1 Community Club Rates. _ ,


2 yearly subscriptions. . . . . .$1.50 ‘ 5 yearly subscriptions. . . . . . .3.00

3 yearly subscriptions. . . . . . .2.00 8 yearly subscriptions. . . ._. . .4.25

' 10 yearly subscriptions. . . . . . .5-00, '


All Community Club orders must be sent direct to the Community Club.


The Michigan Farmer

, . Detroit, Michigan


,tthst


Wihbnlﬂlrlting to advertlsers please, state

m m .. their rm 29-: The»Whigs-13;:Wms ' -


MumunIinnImummmmummmu


FEATURES OF THE ANN

MEETING...


Address of Dr. Ray Shipman Wilbur,

President of Stanford University, and

personal representative of Food Com-

missioner Hoover.


Food is the most important thing in

the immediate war.

realized the importance of it, when

he appointed Mr. Hoover to look after

the situation. We started this admin-

istration with a small group of three

as a membership, and this group has

increased to thousands as members.


Changes are taking place rapidly;-


things are happening «every day that

mean a lot to this country. When I

was in Washington a Week or so ago,


I was surprised to see the changes‘


that had taken place there, as they in-

dicate what is being done along the

lines of speeding up on this great war.


We have entered upon a war, in

which we can do but little from the

standpoint of militarism, inside of from

one to two years. It takes solong to

build ships and train soldiers. Our lit-

tle army of one million men, is but a

handful compared with the other arm-

ies that are representing a single

nation.


We have got to maintain our men

who are at the front, help our allies

with food supplies and feed our own

people here in this country. Shortage

of food—insufﬁcient nourishment—-

might cause a revolution of the French

and English troops, to say nething of

our own army, and what would this

mean to our country?


Tracing the Russian revolution, it

started with food riots. Well—fed peo-

ple do not revolute. An empty stomach

makes a poor citizen. It is_expected

that there will be revolution after rev-

olution in Russia this winter, as they

only have eighty per cent of food sup-

plies. Italy has recently underwent a

disaster, which was due to shortage of

food. There was a change in the ra-

tions supplied the soldiers, and they

became unruly. All shortages of food

supplies in the allied countries, means

that the United. States will have to

make up the deﬁciency.


We cannot afford to have any of the

other allied nations have such a disas-

ter, as Russia and Italy. Therefore we

have got to supply the necessary food.

This is the situation we face today. 'It

is the most important feature. Are we

going to be able to maintain our

troops, and the troops of Great Britain

and France? There is an insuﬂicient

food supply in Great Britain and

France, and the same condition pre-'

vails over all Europe.


Germany has mastered her food sup-

ply through Sweden, for the exchange

of ore. She has supplied herself. She

can go on ﬁghting indeﬁnitely. We

must take care of our allies, and to do

it thoroughly and promptly, we must

organize ourselves to meet this de-‘

mand. We must get together on this

one vital question and solve it. We

have got to deal with submarines and

shortage of shipping facilities. We

have got to look forward to the fact of

supplying food to replace the millions

of tons lost every year, through the

agency of the submarines. We have

got something to do,‘but we can do it.

We have got to supply the demand or

these countries, that have been unable

to raise their usual harvest, countries

that before now, have supplied them—

selves.


We have got to make our harvest

’big enough to supply all of these

stricken people. How are we going to

meetthe demand? We have got to

raise bigger crops andvconserve. We

have got to make our supply meet the

demand, or we will lose the war. We

cannot lose, we have got to win.


In order to win, we have two great

powers to ﬁght. Wehavegot the pow-

er of the Prussian government, backed

by long years of preparedness. We

have got to ﬁght an army of veterans,

who have been drilled and trained

since childhood, for one great purpose.

The other power is o soldiers, who

have a strength that knows no defeat

—inherited from thosegreat men who

fought and died for freedom. Are we


'going to back our boys, with the mod


that they will need to help them an:

ward to that great victory?


We can do but little at the present

timeto block the purpose of '

except through food sugglll‘es hto our


allies. -We have got tn

glith Godheadehﬂe We

, 9 o ‘ ..


President Wilson _


Germany-,5 r


‘-\


) _

as!”
.13

i


‘ FOR-SALE


‘-WP7


poms-m Undﬂ' not

FAT—-— Ha Undsr su-

FIBRE" sci Over 5 z

WRATES cos


1“,]. In."


'l'iiuli’


; r

$1 1-: L.WELLMAN

~bawommm


O

Ll»;

. UAUTEEﬂ

\ / ' .,_\__\) 4:

HORSE Fits =

._._..__

Gammon! AnalgLil

Domain-Nu Una" a 3» *’

FAT" "' Ha! Undu- 3l 5 .:

Flank-Nu 0....- 9 s :5

cannouvmmrss 62 1

1129541112

com-mom ruin.

CORN FEED

. M FEED.SMI§.‘

AND W! CALCIUM . '

puoamm

L.WELLMAN

D RAM-1:102


“ rims: i

' FAVBRiTE

“ml! '

Guaranteed Analysis


4,. . mm mum,“


i«. ii


,. ,,;//I~u../ nuu‘ «I '-


PROTEIN 1693 3}

T--- 5x9: :_'

rmss- 16% J


Gammon!“ 47m; _,


new -


MTON SEED HEAL. "' ‘

N01114:.“ cum. PAL}! «mu :

NEAL. WICADCIUH PROSMIAPI 1


ilglxi


OATH” BY PRODUCT 7 v,

:: MLASBZ' MD SALT ' :;


CWO RAPYDG. Hli‘N


CATTLE

OAK LEAF FARM


Herd. sire Lenaweo Pontiac Calamity King oﬂer lieg-

lstered Holstein bull calves from the above sire whose

dam holds the milk and butter (3256) record for '7 days

in the state of Ind.

E. H. GEABHART & SON. R. 4. Marcellus. Mich.

' Bull Calves Pontaic Korndyke

Reg‘ H°lsteln anilHen erveldl)eKol Breed-

ing at Farmers Prices. John A. in [(9. Warren. Mich


F s I Be istered Holstein bulls ready for service

or a a an bull calves from 3011). sire and A. ll. 0.

dams with records up to 25 lbs.


Wm.GHIB‘FIN. . . - - - . B. 6. Howell. Mich.


.3—-HOLSTEIN BULLS--3


Ready for service at Long Beach Farm. Augusta, Mich


' bull. 1‘2 mos. old. light in color 20 lb. diiin. 30

"al‘l'm lb. sire. 31W: bull calves without piiporh‘ $23.


DEWEY C. PIERSUN. - - - Hadley. Mich.


Exira Good Grade Holslein 00w. V‘fﬁ'ﬁli’gﬁiﬂ‘ﬁfﬁi?


in. A. Lindenstrntli.

Phone Hickory. 1246 J.


or better.


average of 55 lbs. .

‘ Mich.


rosse Point Farms,


to 4 years old.


Four ﬂogisiered Holslein ﬂows, 31....


in iﬁne condition. overstocked. Must sell. Prices

very reasonable. if taken at once. .

Starkweather Stock Farm. .\orthville. Mich.


in March.


’ HEREFUFF§@‘


10 bull calves for sale, Perfection

Fairfax and Prince Donald breeding.


ALLEN BROS.,

PAW PAW, MICH.


Both sexes either polled or horned.


McCARTY. Sec'y Mich. n. s. Ass'n, Bad Axe, Mich:


from high-producing dams.with

Also. records. also on

nor. B. 6. Allegan. Mich


Jmoy Bull: for Sale mt...

somi-oﬂicial test. 0. B. We:


Jersey Bulls For Sale


Ready for service. Raleigh -- St. Lambert breeding,


V‘Vaterman a “’aterman. Packard Rd. Ann Arbor. Mich.


Two re istered Jerseys bull calves.8plen-

Fl! 8". g Priced to

ochester. Mich.


, did individuals. Good pedi rees.

sell. Long Veiw Farm. R. 3,Box 10A,


FOR Sale 3cows. 3 yrs. old with records. 1 heifer 2

- yrs. old, 2 heifers 1 yr. old. 2 heifer calves. l bull 6

Noble of Oak-


mo. old out of an imported daughter

land. For 1106 and pedigrees write


FREDA. B ENNAN. Sec. — - Capac, Mich


I ' ready for service. Also heifers

Chance Bulls for sale. Strong in the Blood

see them or writg for


Come and

THE WILDWOOD

Capac. Michi,


of Royal Majesty.

particulars.


ERD.

Alvin Balden. gone 143-5


ready for rv ce.


SMITH and PARKER. R. 4. Howell. Mich.


m'°mi€€‘§‘é03iu°im


methane

' ‘7 ‘ ’m‘


,0


Bob Fairfax 494027 at head

Stock for sale.


Registered Jersey bulls.


w. ’3: n: “ma" 3°“ 1*" 'sii'“‘° “'

. am-

. . h”


' For Live Stock


F our Reasons Why You Should Buy


QUALITEED FEEDS


Your country needs your Wheat.


Excess wheat feeding is injurious to the livestock.


per cent wheat gives bests results.

of its use. Increase your proﬁts! Use the up to date method

of feeding! '


Our brands are highest quality at lowest price.


Scientiﬁcally prepared feed from corn and oats and less than ten

Fat and healthy stock is result


SPLIT CARS—CAR LOAD PRICES.


' Feed Dept.


E. L. WELLMAN,


Feed, Grain and Beans


Grand Rapids,

Jerseys and Duroc Jerseys


The mo 3 important thing in buying a Jersey bnll is to get one backed up by generations of high

Brooszitor oilersrto'scll a'i'ew chmce bull calves of this kind.

won,m0re prizes at the State Fairs this year than any other.


Boar Pigs and Yearlings For Sale.


BROOKWATER FARM

Ann Arbor. Mi it, R. 7.


producers.


H. .V. MUMFORD.

OWNEK


Michigan


Our herd of Durocs has


0. F. FOSTER.

MANAGER


H liter calves, solid color. $10 to $25.

Jerseys' Choice breeding. Also bull ('illVeH.‘

PETER H. DUL'MA, ii. 2, Holland. Mich.


Shortliorn Callie oi both Sex ior Sale

W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan.


— ‘ d. B ‘ k ll


Shorlliorns .g'é‘ii‘iiai’é’ii 353mm $23.3.“ ..€5‘.’8m?n,


Socy. Cent. Mich" Shortliorn Brasdsrs' Assn. McBride. Iich.


BIDWELL SHURTHUBNS


For Beef and Milk.

ﬁBulls ready for seri-ice.1.'i months to 2.,Vears. for

sale; also good Scotch-topped cow< and heifers: Mod-

orn. Siinit'ry equipment. One hour i‘romv’loledo,

Ohio. N. . R'y. Visitors Welcome. VV rite us.


BIDWELL STOCK FARM


Box B, Tecumseh, Michigan.


HOMESTEAD FARMS


We have for immediate delivery the following thoro-

bred registered stock: .

Shorthorn Durhams. Milking strain Scotch topped.

one roan'cow. Mary Bell. 131419. seven yrs. old. with

calf by Maplewood Martin. 517094 Also one heifer

calf, Apr. 19. 1917. Bates milking strain. Advance

orders for spring calves. both sexes.

i oisteins and erseys--Advnnce.orders for spring

bull calves. Blood lines on application.

Hampshlre and Duroc Jersey Hogs-wt limited num-

bcr of boar and sow pigs. Write for full description

of any s


Mich.


tock.

HOMESTEAD FARMS. Bloomingdale.


nous.

DUROCS


J. H. BANGHART, -


service boars. bred sows.

tall pigs. lt'xpresu paid.

- - E. Lansing. Mich.


tried

W'rite

Mich.


' offers: Registered Spring Boars,

Pm'hurSi brood sows. One Great Herd Boar.


box-thorns {or sale. 5 bulls Hootch too 10 to 14 mos..

3 roan. 1 wh1te.l red. price 31.1" to 8‘50. 15011 of Max.

walton Sultan, 19 mos. $35M. 0. Carlson, Leroy, Mich.


Bates Shortliorns


$150 to 8200.

Pulls 9 mos. to 1‘3 mos. old from

Shorthorns' goorl milking cows.l’rices rea


osnablo. COLLAR BROS., R. 2. (‘onkiin Mich.


the original in ilk strain young

bulk ‘4 mos. old i‘ovsale. Price

J. B. HI'M M EL, Mason. Mich.


ilkiniz Shorthornsz—Bnll calf 7» mos” by :i Grand-

son of General Clay. dam by a son of General (‘18,.

$150. A few females. 8. E. BOOTH. Morrice, Mich.


R3 ishnd Shorthorn calves sired by Dinmond Kins

g . 2ni1.41"475.both sexes man. Tn'cnty cows

825 each. WM. J. BELL. Rose City. Mich.


' ShorthornsPiillsBmo. to 2 years old

For sale fr~m good milking cows.

3.3. Clyde Station, K. J. DeGarmo. a. 6. Milford. Iich.


both sexes, herd cats-

Shorlhorns ,nm...,..1.d....,

CHARLES R. HORRIE. Hart. Mich.

'Woa'rnonss. Butterfly Sultan.hali brother to

| ”international 9r. (‘hr-mnion. in service. For 00013

bulls.cows.and heifers. W.B.McQuillan.Howell.Mich~


or sale: Reg. Shorthorns. 'l‘wo Roan bul‘s. one 15

mos one Q mos. nnd one Red heifer 13 mm. o .

J. A. BATCHE LER. - - - - Howell. Mich.


M1“ Shortliorns and Polled Durhams. 20head cows

I n: heifers and young bulls. Sultans Duchess and


Sittyton Duchess included. I . Enlisted. R. 1. Orion. lich'.


ShOfthOl‘ﬂS Maxwalton Monarch 2nd. 887322 half

- brother to 5 Grand Champions in ser-

vice. JOHN SCHMIDT. B. 5.‘ Reed City. Mich.


Cattle For Sale


Loads feeders two loads you-ll steers. Also

201“: show you an" number 1. 2 and goalie” t n

“towns. Isaac


Shari-tuna. lairﬂoldﬂowa. .8


your wants. Orlo L. Dobson. Quincy.

Spring gilts and


Duroc Jersey m1 p... either

sex. E. D. EEYDENBERK. Wayland, Mich.


Duroc' Sows & Gilts


guaranteed safe in pig. Fall boars and gilts not rel-

;itcd. You want more size illlil feeding qualities: buy

now. (lat giving breeding and description of 30 sows

NEWTON BAliNHAR'I‘. - — St. Johns. Mich


gmgyligseyjnggggood spnngnpigs for sale.


nroc Jerseys—boars oi‘ the large heavy boned type.

Prize winning stock, prices reasonable. type and

breeding considered. also gilts bred to Junior Cham-

pion boar for spring farrow. F..l. Drodt, R. 1. Monroe. Mich.


DUROC JERSEY SOWS


Bred to one of the best young boars in Mich.\fiorhMar.

i la .


farrow. RUSH BliOS., Romeo.


A FE Duroc Jersey bred gilt: for sale. Some

extra good fall boars. '


W. 0. TAYLOR. - - - - Milan. Mich.


nroo gilts bred for April furrow $35 to 540: full year-

nlings bred for April farrow $45 to$50 wght 175 1b. to

250 lb. Priced for 10 days. HA3. Keeslcr. Caasopo Is. Mich.


‘VROO Jerseys. Orders booked now for early spring


i . R. O. R. I. Red cocks 83.00. eggs in season.

E. ﬁgdALKINs. R. 6. Ann Arbor, Mich.


.‘BRED GILTS

~ro wt'm. B. No. 47049. Longfellow No. 18575 m.

0


1st g‘rlze young herd at Iowa State Fair.

all pigs and breeding boars. “‘ ‘


J. CARL JEWETT, Mason, Mich.


. ——— \

o I c Choice Spring boars and gilts out of prize

I I ‘-


.....rn:i new “it ”re “3

pe. r 6 or O 0 ‘n

has...) A.'$‘.B(EAT’IY. a. , La e. Mich.


.\


astings. Mich. l


l M-IﬁWu/yulsri ., .


all" I:

_.__.

Cuaoanu‘cd Andy-i:

PDOI'EIN— Hot Undor it a

FAT--- Noi unau- a}.


FIBRE" Nov Ovu- lot 5

CARBOHYDRATES 50 $


layman


M

“NU-ID OIL MEAL.

W FnDJII—U'D' I.”

I'M.“


m. wum mounds

D GM


1/: Ill/I7: iii/iii}!


WELLMAN


EL.

9


._.__ _

Wham


FAT--- Nd Under 4‘

FlBRE--Nod Ovu- IS 5

CARD


/;/’,n/'//’/’///

i, .

“‘ 3

VB,g

E2 .

5 E


2


e‘


PALM NUT

HIDDIJNGS CAIDUH

X .. m

11:!) MT FEED


E. L.WELLMAN


omnﬁmms. moi


Ask your dealer.


Ingredients


-. “mm-r MEAL.

”NSEIED OIL HEAL

0-0an scan


_ mu: ALBUHEN.


; biaxneoNAi-s or com


. Mo OATHELAL


i E L.WELLMAN j:

gr GRAND RAPIDSHICH” -'_


. ~"’.r’-"


G‘lt b ed for March tarrow ear

CheSter fall s ig: both sexes from best bl

lines. F. W. ALE ANDER. Vassar. Mich.


Raise Chester Whites.

9 Like This


52 the original big producers

, . I .,


I HAVE started thousands of breeders on the road to

success. I can help you. 1. want to place one hog from

my great herd in every community where am not already rep-

resented b these tine early developers—ready for market at 31

men s 0] Write for my plan— ‘ More Money from llogs,‘


s. s. BENJAMIN, 33.1). 10. Portland, Michigan


Big Type O. l. C’s.


Stock of all ages for sale. We showed at four state

fairs and won more championsfand Grand Champions

than all the other breeders together double, we. were

Premier Breedcr and Exhibtor at every fair we show-

ed. “'e Breed the best. Wc sell the best. “’e Guaran-

tee them to be the best. Write your wants. Get our

Catalogue. We ship on approval.

(IRANDELL and SON, Cass City. Mich.

choice May boar also some choice


9

O. I. C S “up...

— Royal Oak. Mich.’


“'EBER BROS" - - '


O I. ('.’s 2 choice May boars & Sept. .3' Oct. pigs sired

.by First Premium boar Mich. State Fair 19 7.

Clover Leaf Stock Farm. ii. 1, Mich.


0. l. C. & CHESTER WHITE SWINE.


Strictly big type with quality. Have a choice lot of

boars fit for early fall service. These boars will be

sold worth the money. Also have some fine gilts. I

will shi 0.0. D. ‘


NEWM ’NS STOCK FARM. R. 1. Mariette. Mich.


Monroe.


0 I (:95 Registered serviceable boars. Bred gilts.


0 ' 'Ang..Sept..()ct..pigs. Registered Bhro .


Shir. owe lambs. G. P. Andrews. Dansville. Mic


O - 1 Am offering some good boars of May far

0 o 9 row and fall pigs either sex.


0. J. THOMPSON, Rockford. Mich.


O I C For sale a few extra good gilts bred

~ - ° forMarch and April (arrow.

11. W. MANN, - ~ - - Dansville. Mich.


BOARSnSOWS‘


Big type big bones For the next 80 days we all! sell

Big ty 8 Po and China! at bargain prices. A ril boar

weigh us 300 lb. Open gilts. Summer and all pigs

cveéything goes. Get busy.

J. . BUTLER. Portland. MichiganJScll rho“.

ARGF. Type F. C. Largest in Mich. S rin Boar

Lresdy to ship. The kind that make good? Omaha and

paid if not”


3° \‘ . ,

Purina. Mich.


' . . . .

Big in). Poland Blunts: ﬁriﬁ‘ﬂﬂi $133333

right. L. W. BARNES a SON. Byron. Mich. _

ARGE Ty 0P. 0. Some r wth s i B M Li .V

LGilts rea y to shw comga‘iid seye ﬁler: {:96 “a ; 2..

on from Augusta. . J. Hagelshaw. Augusta. Mich. ..


see the real big tvpe kind. Expenses

represented. Frce iverv from Perm

w. E. LIVINGSTON.


Additional Cattle Ada. on Page}!
.umnuImI1uuImumnnmummmmmlIImmummnnnﬁnnummhmmuml ‘


‘Markcts.


Imummmumumum1mmummuuumuummmumum

GRAINS AND SEEDS


January 8, 1918.


WHEAT.——The demand for‘wheat

continues strong with the quantity of

offerings limited. Mills report an ac-

tive demand for ﬂour._ One year ago

No. 2 red wheat sold on the local mar-

ket at $1.96 per bushel. Present prices

here are: No. 2 red wheat $2.17; No.

2 mixed $2.15; No. 2 white $2.15


CORN—The heavy stOrm through-

.out the cam growing sections of the

country was a disturbing factor in the

corn trading circles at the opening this

week, curtailing receipts and ship-

ments. The government has promised

aditional cars for handling the corn

crop, but these would be of little ac-

count at present, due to weather con-

ditions mentioned above. While the

cold weather is making available much

of the corn that otherwise could not

be moved from the farms, the fact still

remains that an unprecedented amount

of this year’s crop must be fed by the

growers. Local prices show little

change. One year ago No. 3 corn sold

here at $1.031/2 per bushel. Last week’s

Detroit quotations were:


No. 3 No. 3


Mixed Yellow

Wednesday . . . . . . 1.95 2.00

Thursday .......... 1.95 2.00

Friday ............. 1.90 1.95

Saturday ........... 1.90 1.95

Monday ............ 1.90 1.95

Tuesday ............ 1.90 1 95


Chicago—January corn $12711; per

bushel; May $1.251/g.


0ATS.-—This cereal is receiving

more attention from dealers than any

other. Millers and feed men are ac-

tive buyers on the local market. The

low grading of corn is turning much

attention from that grain to the oat

deal. A year ago standard oats were

quoted at 601/20 per bushel. Last week’s

Detroit quotations were:


No. 3


Standard. White.

Wednesday ............ 8 1/3 82

Thursday .............. 3 82 1/2

Friday ...... ' ‘ ......... 821/3 82

Saturday .............. 3 821/}:

Monday ............... 83 1/3 83

Tuesday .............. 3 1A; 83


Chicago—January oats 781/20 per

bu; March 773/80; May 760.

YE.——Demand is fair and offerings

small. Cash No. 2 $1.84.

BEANS—Market is inactive and

’ steady, with cash beans quoted in De-

troit at $12.10 per cwt. The trade is

inactive in Chicago with the tendency

toward easier prices for all grades ex-

cepting red kidneys. Michigan pea

beans, hand-picked $13.25 per cwt. for

sound dry stock; red kidneys $17 for

fancy; $14@15 for fair to choice.

PEASF-Chicago market is dull with

ﬁeld peas quoted at $6.50@7 per cwt.

SEEDS.——Scarce and ﬁrm. Prime red

clover $17; March $16.75; alsike at

$14.50; timothy $4.


FLOUR AND FEEDS


FLOUR—Jobbing lots in one-eighth

paper sacks are selling on the Detr01t

market per 196 lbs., as follows: Stan-

dard patent $11.10@11.15; spring pat-

ent $11.30; rye ﬂour $10.50Q1jl10.70 bbl.


FEED.——The government is regulat-

ing the prices of bran, shorts, “mid-

dlings,” mixed feeds and ﬂour mid-

dlings. The prices of these products

will hereafter be based upon price of

wheat to millers. 100-lb. sacks jobbing

lots: Bran $34.40; standard middlings

$36.40; ﬁne middlings $43.40; cracked

corn $81; coarse corn meal $77; corn

and oat chop $60 per ton.


HAY.——In carlots at Detroit: No. 1

timothy $24.50@25; standard timothy

$23.50@25; No. 2 timothy $22.50@23;

light mixed $23.’50@24; N0. 1 clover

$19@20 per ton.


Pittsburgh—No. 1 timothy $30@

30.50; No. 2 tim. $27.50@28; No. 1 light

mixed $28@28.50; No. 1 clover mixed

3395.30@30.50; No. 1 clover $29.50@


STRAW.—In carlots on track at De-


»‘troit: Wheat and oat straw $10.50@

‘11; rye straw $11.50@12.


DAIRY PRODUCTS


POULTRY.—(Live).—-Poultry ﬁrm

is fair, and stocks are gaining. Fresh

reamery ﬁrsts 47%0; fresh creamery

extras 49@491;éc.

Chicago—An easy feeling pervades

market without any quotable

’e in prices. Creamery eftras'

extra ﬁrsts 48@48%c; packing

.k 8334:0340


sag—Michigan ﬂats 2335c per

_~ﬂats 250; brick 2755c;

7340; Michigan daisies,


J 241750; was... dai


'thy condition and we believemric‘es

will be least steady for thenext- few ’


_ sis: 25%0, Wis.

cousin double daisi‘es,25%c; demest'ic

Swiss 35@40c for prime to fancy; lim-

burger 28@29c. ' "


DRESSED CALVES.—'Fanc‘y 21@

220; choice 19@20c; common 17@180.


POULTRY PRODUCTS


PULTRY.—(Live).—Poultry is ﬁrm

and in moderate supply. Best spring

chickens 27@280; No. 1 hens 26@27c;

ducks 27@28c; geese 26@27c; turkeys

26@270.


Chicago.———(Live).——Receipts small,

demand slow and market rather quiet.

Fowls 21@220; spring chickens 231/20;

ducks 23c; geese 21@22c; turkeys,

good 240. (Dressed).—Fowls 24@25c;

ducks, fancy 260; geese 24c; turkeys

32@321/20.


EGGS—Eggs are ﬁrm and fresh re-

ceipts almost too scarce to quote: Fresh

ﬁrsts 53c.


Chicago—Receipts of fresh eggs'

continue moderate and demand is fair,

high prices restricting consumption

somewhat. Fresh Michigan ﬁrsts sell

for 55@56%c; ordinary ﬁrsts 52852540;

miscellaneous lots, cases include 50@

55c per dozen.


F RUNS—VEGETABLES


POTATOES.—There were 13 cars of

potatoes on the Detroit market Mon-

day morning. No early sales were


- whites, sacked sold to jobbers at $2.10


per cwt. Same stock is selling in

cwt. The same stock is selling- in‘

Cleveland at $1.85(a;2 per cwt; in New

York City at $2.37@2.50; in Buffalo at

$2@2.40; in Pittsburgh mostly $2.25;

in Cincinnati, bulk, at $2.25; in Indian-

apolis at $2@2.40. The Chicago mar.

ket is steady with scarcely no Michi-

gan stock offered.


‘Farmers are receiving $1.30@1.35

per cwt. at sidetracks in Wisconsin;

$1@1.15 in Colorado; $1.50@2.25 at

Rochester, N. Y. No sales are report-

ed from Maine. At Grand Rapids,

Mich., U. S. grade No. 1 is quoted


at $2.


CABBAGE—There is very little do-

ing in carlot shipments at Detroit. The

Cleveland market is receiving from the

jobbers $55 per ton in bulk for Danish

stock; Buffalo has a ﬁrm market; New

York City is paying $50@55; Cincin-

nati $55@60, while Chicago is paying

$2.85(rD3.10 per bbl. for Holland seed

from isconsin.


ONIONS—In Detroit the demand is

light, with whites quoted at $2.25 and

yellows at $2.50 to jobbers. Yellows

are selling at $2@2.50 in Buffalo; $2.50

(P3 in New York; $3 in Pittsburgh and

$1.25@1.50 for‘70-1b. sacks in Chicago.


APPLES—There were eight cars on

the tracks at Detroit on Monday morn-

ing. Russets sold to jobbers on Satur-

day at $3.75 for fair stock; Hubbard-

stons in poor condition at $3. The mar-

ket at Chicago is steady with the de-

mand and movement moderate. The

trade is substantially the same in Cin-

cinnati and Pittsburgh.


GRAND RAPIDS


The potato movement continues very

light, due to scarcity of cars, stormy

weather and low prices. The price of-

fered growers is around 750, while con-

sumers in cities are paying around

$1.40. Beans are worth $10.75@11 per

100 lbs. Hay is worth $23 ’25. In“ the

poultry line quotations to armers are

as follows: Hens 18@2lc; ducks 22@

24c; geese 18c. No. 2 red wheat is

worth $2.09.


LIVE STOCK


BUFFALO.

January 7, 1918.


Receipts here today as follows: Cat-

tle 3100;, hogs 12,000; sheep 5000;

calves 1200.


With 3100 cattle here today, a few

more than last Monday, the‘general

trade was 15@25c higher than last

week on most all grades of good qual—

ity ﬂeshy steers. Also best heavy fat

cows and heifers sold 25c higher than

last week. A very good demand for

medium cows, canners and cutters at

about steady prices. Bulls also sold

about 25c higher than last week. ,


We had a fair supply of hogs today,

about 75 double decks, or 12,000 head.

Opening trade was rather slow at about

Saturday's prices, but as the day ad-

vanced got stronger and late sales

were generally 5@10chigher than the

Opening. A few selected hogs sold up

to $17.25; with the bulk around $17.10

@1715. ‘ Pigs and lights $16.75@17;,

roughs generally $16; stags $13.50@

14.50. Trade appears to be in a heal-


days. ,,

With a light run of lambs today our

market opened up ectiye and, prices

the hi '~ *1 ”: k.


. The packers,


About-a sold and w


.. ck"

.prices balance of the week unless runs


continue light. . . , . _

We quote: Lambs $18.25@18.50;

cull to common $12@17.50‘; yearlings

$12@16; wethers $12.50 13; ewes $12

,12.50; bucks $9.50@10. 0; best calves

17.25@17.50; common and light $13@

15; heahvy $8@15; grassers $7@8.50, ‘


‘ CHICAGO. ' ,

January 7, 1918.


Cattle. Hogs. Sheep.

Receipts today. .15,000 26,000 9,000

Same day 1917..26,586 61,040 15,298

Last week. . . . . . .60,010 173,413 66,089

Same wk 1917...6,0,QZ4 207,696 60,349


The railroads were snow-bound to-

day, the big storm. checking the in and

out movement of all kinds of live stock

with carsscarce on eastern lines. The

trade opened late in cattle, with prices

called 150 higher on an average. Hogs

advanced 25@30c on good speculative

buying, with sales at.$15.75@16.80 for

common light to prime heavy butchers.

Hogs marketed last week averaged 216

lbs, The sheep and lamb market was

ﬁrm, the best lambs selling at $17.25.


Cattle prices have been undergoing

a remarkable narrowing recently, 'With

much lower prices for the choicer

grades, in spite of their scarcity, while

the common and middling kinds have

sold at 25@500 higher average values.

smaller butchers and

eastern shippers all want cattle which

have been fed just long enough to

make a fairly cheap grade of beef, and

the daily experience is for buying ‘to

center mainly in steers selling not too

high and in fat butcher stock. There

is little competition for really fat beef

cattle, and the bulk of the steers of-

fered last week brought $10@12.50,

with a fair representation on some

days of a choice class of fat steers

selling at $12.60@13.40 and one sale of

prime little yearlings at $13.35. The

stocker and feeder trade has been on

a rather small scale, with most of the

sales at $7.25@10.75.


Hogs have been in good general local

and eastern shipping demand of late,

with wider ﬂuctuations in prices at

times than usual, this being due to al-

ternately moderate and liberal receipts,

advances in prices having stimulated

country shipments of hogs. Sales on

Saturday were at $‘15.40@16.55 and

feeding pigs taken at $14.50@15.50.

Pigs sold at $11.75@’15.25. A week ear-

lier hogs brought $15.50@16.80.


Western fed lambs comprise most of

the daily offerings in the sheep division

of the stock yards. Receipts last week

were much larger, but not excessive,

and prices advanced 25@I.Oc,- lambs

closing at $13.25@17.25, feeding lambs

at $15@16.50, yearlings at $12@15,

wethers at $11.75@13.25, ewes at $5.50

@1225, breeding ewes at $11@14,

31%ng at $7.50@10 and goats at $5@


Horses were in meager supply last

week, but there were enough, as ac-

tivity was conﬁned to army horses,

which were wanted at $160@185 for

the United» States army, while the Brit-

lSh government made purchases at

$180@220. Southern buyers bought a

few horses at $75@125. Quotations for

Eggses covered a range of from $60


"IE BUSSFIELD CUSTOM MADE


FUR COATS, ROBES

AND LADIES’ FURS


Have 8. Reputation behind every


Garment made for Service and


Satisfaction. Hides are cheap at


the present time and now is your


chance to have a Fine Fur Coat


oHridRobel made from your own

6.


We make beautiful Lodiee' Furs

from Muskrat. Raccoon. Skunk.

etc Our new Custom Style Book

. and Calendar is read to mail.


iving prices and st esfor the


eeson 1918. It is for the

asking.


VI. Ii. WHITE COMPARIIO.

IllSSFIElD, IICHIIAI

ucceuore to

The Blieeﬂeld Robe & Tannin! Go.


On the Farm There’s Nothing Like


Bezo


for keeping boot- and homes: in ﬁrst-clue condition.

Bezo ie a new water roof dressing that enetratee


uickly, waterproags oroly, softens and engthens

t 9 life of all lost rs—e unll good for razor straps


drivi loves, harness. e . your de l h ' '

send 11 name and $0 and we will torwthgl fall‘ﬂlzlg

box by return mall prepaid.


GATES MANUFACTURING COMPAN. A

1831 But 13th Street. Cleveland, gm.


25c higher than c


m... a: mean serum


.‘l.~o.

a . .


.,..._...

e e

Cured While W rlnng Hard

“Ithinkitmydutytotellyoubowlueedm

-Horee,” writes I. More gBali of North-

ingtan, Worcester, Ireland. The neinhcn

for any man to look at. There isn’t the a ' he“

mark of a vin on eisher of his hack. 0 ha.

been wor ' hard all the time. Aboutfour

month: back was kicked ain. swellinguvy

badly. I used the rest of remedy on hilt

andhez‘snowthesameasmr.’ ' ,


SAvgﬁ‘gﬁmMSE


has a record of curing when all hope in ' up

extending over 22 years. Guaranteed gy m

contracttocure Rin bone Thom in. SPA. or

Shoulder, Knee,An or' an on .

or your money refunded. Be prepared! Write

to for E Seve-TheHoue BOO bomb?

0 ' 95 and treat any lameneeeacopiee

unreatee on expert veterinary 0--

FR wnye keep a bottle on hand:


TROY. CHEMICAL co.

" 20 State Street, Blnchunton, N. Y.


Drunim when all write-Horn with “(and

Guarantee. ormmadﬂdlm-tb Pam] But Pun“.


Garage Fire Ai Adrian

In Which Six Cars

Were Damaged


Shows the necessity for carrying

automobile insurance. The Citi-

zens’ Mutual Automobile Insur-

ance Company was carrying the'

insurance and the adjustments

are very satisfactory. A great

many automobiles are burned in

Michigan each year, some upon

the road, others inthe garage.

With the danger by theft and

damage cases against the owner

of the car, every man should car-

ry automobile insurance, as the

cost is only $1.00 for the policy

and 250 per horsepower in the


Citizens’ Mutual Auto Ins.

Co., -Howell, Mich.


or on m. w"- me or’rnn woons. s.'m


nnd latest improvements. First order gets agency.

e save you money.

Buynow bdcreadvnnee.

buy Field Seeds of any kind until you see our sum 1


folding 5m Inﬁll. c... 181 West lam St. “It”...

Crop short. We


Don’t


.ces. Wes izeon uara teed l't , mted over.


imothy, Am Sweet Clovzr andQA‘lzilkg'goldsnlg'Lctto


ct


Inelaebe. Send for run catalog N o. B 44showing low psi-l:

el- VER A; WHOLESALE

h’ .

igher prices. a and

G

your approval and government test. _nte


. . . lands. 1

samples, special prices and big Prods-Shanna Seed (guide.

mm Seed 00., Dept. 31 cheese. iii-ob


SEED FOR SALE

5‘32?


Corn—Early Yellow Dent yer crate in cars

Oats~Grcat Dane from newly gropesated seed.


l bu. per acre, not less than 3 u. to a customer, be

free per bu. . 81$

Pens 'Extra Early or Alaska per peck 33.75

Notts Excelsior " " sacs

,,8radus or Prosperity ' " 83.50

nion Sets Eellmv per bu. of 321bs. $.50

H. B. BRIS OIS, - - ~ Birmingham, Mich.


Farms and Farm lands For Sail


429 Acre Farm $14,000

On Maryland’s Eastern Shore


On improved road in pros emu: tannin no! 1|

hood on] 2 miles to town. acres level. fgrtilefetlgil;

free lap in cultivation good for 2tone hay, “bushel!

otatoee, 60 bushels corn or 40 bushels wheat per acre.

imberestimated worth 82.000. Twodwellincsﬂbarns.

istablos, grannies poultry houses. etc., etc. We an-

all short mild nearly snow free winten longdelight-

summers with plenty of rain and level cement auto

roads. Plow and slow peas in February; di second crop

potatoes and see wheat in November. estorn term.

are settling all around. Come and see. Details page 31.

33”“ '.8:i‘i'°‘“°n°‘i”s‘iiz disiiifi‘f‘fm“

py m roe. . . ' G .

Dept. 101. 150 Nassau Street. New York. N Y. NOY


Do You Want a Farm


where In profits are made? The South's ‘

variety 0 crepe and wonderful productive «13:3:

t the most profitable farm section of America.

It is the piece fox-the lowest cost meet

dairy terminci. It grows the In est variety of

33?; ”an“ ﬁﬁ‘h‘m '°‘i ”if? "elm" as“

. . ow no cos, n-

the bird: profits. u. v. {Ionian mil.“ .

111 Ben em Railwav 8 tom


IG'O AC ES canals! "a: .

Imi— “’3'.

as, fwrssitr,.na


WANTED ‘


I a
‘ latest markets.


' handy weight butcher


" Tins ls d‘H‘s5"LAST. .EplTlON.‘


The ﬁrst edition is sent to those who

- ' ' ressed a- desrre for, the

have not exp The late market ed1-

tion will be sent on request at any

time.


osmorruvs’ STOCK MARKET.


' Thuredh ’8 Market.

‘ y January 10, 1918.

Cattle. t t at

ecei ts 1903. Marke is s rong

Mcfiiidaylis opening, about 25c higher


than last week. -

h av r steers $11@12; best


Best 6 3 steel? $§g@


.50; mixed steers and hei‘ers tgu

£13975; handy light butchers $8@8.75;

light Ibutchers $7@8; best cows $8.25

@9; butcher COWS $7@8; cutters $6.25

(9126.75; canners $5.50@6; best heavy

bulls $8@9; bologna bulls $7@7.50;

stock bulls $6.5(0@7; milkers and


rin ers $50 (.510 .


SpBlsiiop, B. i2 H. sold Sullivan P. Co.

4 cows av 880 at $7, 2 do av 1020’ at $6,

5‘do av 1070 at. $8, 3 do av 1207 at

$7.50, 8 do av 944 at $7.50, 2 do av

1065 at $7.25, 7 do av 10.23 at $7.50, 5

steers av 1010 at $7; to Hammond, S.

8; Co. 3 steers av 1133 at $10.50, 10 do

av 782 at $9, 8 do av 836 at $8.50, 12

do av 700 at $8.50; to Bray 3 cows a\'

907 at $7, 18 do av 900 at $6,-2 do av

1290 at $8, 11 do av 836 at $6.50; to

Mich. B. Co. 25 steers av 1014 at $9.50.

11 do av 830 at $8.60; to Parker, W. 8:

Co. 19 butchers av 682 at $8; to Bres-

nahan 8 cutters av 870 at $6, 11 cows

av 900 at $6.50; to Fineman 21 butch-

ers av 552 at $6.85; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 11 canners av 735 at $5.85, 4 cows

av 750 at $6.85, 8 butchers av 637 at

$7.50; to Kamman B. Co. 14 steers av

843 at $9.50, 5 do av 972 at $9; to Sul-

livan P. Co. 1 bull wgh 1150 at $8.50,

1 do wgh 1300 at $8.50, 2 do av 890 at

$8.10, 14 butchers av 903 at $7.25, 11

do av 990 at $8.50, 8 steers av 784 at

$10.50, 4 cows av 900 at $6.25; to Nagle

P. Co. 2 steers av 1250 at $9, 7 do av

1044 at $11, 3 do av 1160 at $11, 8

cows av 946 at $7.75, 2 do av 1025 at

$6.25, 4 butchers av 760 at $6; to Mich.

B. Co. 2 bulls av 1315 at $9; to' Thomp-

son 12 steers av 1050 at $10.25. '


McMullen, K. & J. sold Thompson

1 bull wgh 1380 at $8.25, 1 do wgh

1040 at $7.50, 1 do wgh 2020 at $8.25,

12 steers av 1066 at $10, 7 butchers av

911 at $8.75, 13 do av 807 at $8.95, 1

cow wgh 800 at $8, 4 steers av 912 at

$9.50, 1 do wgh 1000 at $9.75; to Bern-

t'eldt 20 butchers av 687 at $7.50; to

Bresnahan & K. 9 cutters av 950 at

$6, 3 cows av 1100 at $7.50, 8 cutters

av 1055 at $6, 15 do av 900 at $6, 2

oxen av 1475 at $7; to Golden‘ 9 cows

av 1070 at $7.70; to Applebaum 3 do

av 970 at $6.50; to Goodgold 10 butch-

ers av 762 at $7.35, 14 do av 560 at

$6.35; to Mich. B. Co. 7 do av 764 at

$8, 1 bull wgh 1260 at $7.85, 1 do wgh

820 at $7; to Thompson 6 steers av

830 at $9.50; to Bresnahan 10 do av

1022 at $10.35; to Costello 3 cows av

920 at $7, 1 do wgh 900 at $6.25.


Veal Calves.


Receipts 864. Market steady at Mon-

day’s prices; 25@500 lower than last,

week; quality common. Best.$15.50@

16; others $861314. ‘


Erwin, S. & J. sold Shipiro 5 av 95

at $14, 5 av 140 at $16; to Sullivan P.

Co. 12 av 275 at $7; to Parker, W. &

Co. 8 av 135 at $16; to Thompson 12

av 140 at $16, 2 av 125 at $12, 1 'wgh

120 at $10, 5 av 155 at $16.


McMullen, K. & J. sold Shipiro 12

av 140 at $15.75; to Hammond, S. &

Co. 2 av 160 at $10, 15 av 150 at

$15.50; to Parker, W. & Co. 4 av 150

at $16, 2 av 205 at $16; to Hammond,

S. & Co. 3 av 130 at $12, 9 av 140


at $15.50.

’ Sheep and Lambs.


Receipts 3158. Market steady Tues-

day’s prices; 25@40c higher than last

week. Best lambs $17.50@17.60; fair

lambs $16.25(q,17; light to common

lambs $1461j15.50; fair to good sheep

$10@11; culls and common $6@8.50.


Bishop, B. & H. sold Nagle P. Co.

222 lambs av 80 at $16.85, 125 do av

80 at $16.85, 195 do av 75 at $17.25; to

Hammond, S. & Co. 44 do av 70 at

$17.25, 37 do av 68 at $17.25, 23 sheep

av 95 at $11, 6 do av 96 at $10.50; to

Newton P. Co. 16 lambs av 80 at

$17.25; to Sullivan P. Co. 108 do av

80 at $17.50; to Mich. B. Co. 174 do av

80 at $17.40, 11 do av 75 at $17.50; to


‘ to Newton P. Co. '40 do av 90 at $16.75,


17 do av 85 at $17.25, 14 do av 88 at

$17, 38 do av 85 at $17.35; to Sullivan

P. Co. 28 do av 65 at $16.75, 17 do av


'75 at $17.50, 17 do av 70 at $17.60, 7


do av 75 at $17, 139 do av 75 at $17.35,

42 do av 75 at $17, 16 sheep av 170 at

$10, 33 lambs av 6 Set $16.75: to Park-

$10, 33 lambs av 65 at $16.75; to Park-


Sandel, S. B. & G. sold Nagle P. Co.

102 lambs av 80 at $17, 7 sheep av 100

at $8, 2 do av 145 at $11, 2 bucks av

160 at $9.50; to Mich. B. Co. 41 lambs

av 73 at $47.25, 48 do av 50' at $15.


. _ M. Hogs. .

eceipts .6770. .1 Market steady. ‘ Mix-

}; so pigs $15.75.


Send for Catalog if lnytereeitgd.


The Michigan Shorthorn

Breeders’ Association


will hold its


THIRD ANNUAL snow

AND SALE


January 16-17-18, 1918


Kt'iiFM7A. C., East «Lansing, Michigan


Judging the cattle'will be done Wednesday

Jan. 16th. The annual meeting of the Ass’n

will be held at 4 p. m. Jan. I7. Sale of cat-

tle On Friday Jan. I8 at I p. m.


Thirty—five females six with calves by

their side and thirty-five young bulls.


Plan to attend our meeting on. Jan I7.


Banquet in evening.


Send for Catalogue


W. W. KNAPP, Sales Manager


Howell, Mich.


WM. MILNE ANDY ADAMS


Auctioneers


T. E. ROBSON


MICH. AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE


HAS FOR SALE '

16 Registered Percheron Mares


From 3 to 12 years old, Blacks and Greys

Safe in Foal


1 Belgian Mare 1900 Lbs.


6 years old, in foal

l Z-Year-Old Percheron Stallion


For Particulars write


R. S. HUDSON, Farm Supt.,


Michigan Agricultural College, East Lansing, Mich.


THIS IS OUR LAST BID


For Your Attendance and Patronage at Our Sale at


Michigan Agricultural College, East Lansing, Mich.


JANUARY 18th, 1918 at 9:30 A. M. SHARP


This sale must begin promptly to be through for the Shorthorn Breeders’


sale in the afternoon.

HERE IS OUR LIST OF CONSIGNORS


M. H. Daniels & Son, Okemos, Mich. G. F. Balduf & Son, Dimondale, Mich.

Clare Wilson, Okemos, Mich. B. B. Perry, Leslie, Mich.

Chas. A. Wilson, Okemos, Mich. C. I. Brunger, Grand Ledge, Mich.

Frank McKim, Lansing, Mich. H. E. Rising, Woodland,-Mich.

F. S. Jenkins & Son, Lansing, Mich. A. B. Niles, Grand Ledge, Mich.


Michigan Agricultural College, East Lansing, Mich.


These consignors guarantee their cattle to you and give a sixty-day tuber-

culosis re-test privilege. They are selling their good cattle, not the ones they

don’t want.


Terms of sale are cash unless other arrangements are made with owners

before sale. A large number of the consignors are able to give credit, how-

ever,‘ so bring your bank reference with ,you.


Never before’ has such a sale’been brought might Bhome to the Central

Michigan buyers and we believe it well worthy of their patronage.


Central Michigan'Holstein Breeders Sale Committee,

Chas. A. Daniels,“Seczy., fOkemos,Mich.


' .> .v-' 15;,


a


LARGE T‘ e P. 0. some g vod spring boars up 0 . -

270 lbs. 'ill also price gilts.’ 0 en or bred.

Fall pigs ready to ship. Wm. J. Clarke. .7, Mason.Mich.'


' PolondChinaboex-s shi 9 0.0.1). ,

B lg Boned call or write for photo.\\%li)ggts,l’ed-

icree and price. ER. Leonard. RAJ. St. Louis, Mich.


L‘HGE STRAIN P. c. iﬁgthilng for sale until after


H. O. SWARTZ, Bchoolcrnft, Mich.


Bi T 8 PC. Bi boned fellows from Iowa’sgreatelt

g ’p horde. pecial prices on spring hours.

E. J. MA’I‘HEWSON, - - Burr Oak, Mich.


POUND Gilli“ GILT: 232‘}, fﬁiioﬁ‘mh 3““

G. W. HOLTON, n. 11, . Kalamazoo, Mich. '

P. C. Bred sows, hi2 type, highone. big litters


bitzfall igs. I 'ra,ortri)s.

a. W.MILLS. p- - "'3‘" - - ‘snlno. Mich


Bin Type P. O. bred for March & April furrow sired

. by Peter's Jumbo & Gruml t uperlm and 201' 3 year-

ling sows at bargain prices. (2E. (v‘avnant.Eumn Rlpldb,ull‘ll


w "ll 1 Alley Hiz’l‘ypn l‘. ('. (li'ts ready toship, aired

a u by Smooth Jumler. and liredtoArts Big

Price and Pig guaranteed right.


Bob the Iowa Boar.

Ionia. Mich.


A. D. GREGORY. ~


‘—


' ' sprint! hours and gilts .

neglﬂergd "amp3hlresv book your order now.

JOHN W. SNYDER, R. 4. St. Johns. Mich.


SHEEP

CHOICE BRED EWES


250 left 1 to 4 years old,bred to good Shropshire rams.

513 to $16 each for 10 or more, if taken soon.

ALIIOND B. CHAPNIAN. Sn. Rnckwnod, Mich.


Big lyne Poland Chinas.


Bred Gilts and Sows for sale.

HILLCREST FARM,


Kalamazoo, Mlch.

E W B s. anbonllletn and I

o Hempshires for sale. ‘I


A. A. WOOD .v SON. Saline. Mich.


Western Ewes bred in Registered Mullen llama...

BARNARD SHEEP RANCH. 11.5. Olin-e, Mich.


' Ram Lamb»: and one three year

Shorpshire old ﬂock header for sole.

ARMSTRONG BRO'S, it. 3, li‘owleiville. Mich.


KOPE-KON FARMS.


Goldwater, Mich.


Hampshires & Shropshires.


It's a wise man who orders his run for August.

delivery now,


' Oxford Ham and Ram

Registered mm... M... serum...

hogs. C ASE STOCK FARM. IL], Mariette. Mich. .


"oases

REGISTERED PERC HERON


Mere- and Stallion“ priced to cell. Inspection luvl '

. C. UNT. BATON I PlDI. Ml .


lot SER BROS.


Belgian and Percheron Stallions for sale that

will pass the Michigan Stallion Inspection.

Have a fewmarcs of both breeds. Shorthorn Cet—

tle, we offer a choice lot of bulls and females.

Write


LidelER INDIANA.


PEBGHERUN DISPERSAI


The entire herd of the late A. A. Palmer

will be closed out; 25 pure bred per-

cheron mares $200 to 8400 except two;

also young stallions


PALMER BROS, Belding Mich. ’ "

Percherons, Holsteins. in us, “in shires, Durm


DORR D. BUILL Im lchlnen.


Perhaps tlu- best 3 your old Registered

For sale Percheron Stallion in Mich. He isdnrk

grey sound. very sure and “clubs 1,9001%. A great

mover. Sire and Dam lu-Ih Iln ). Hc will make a to:

horse. 9 “as u winncr a! «lie State Fair last full.

“’9 ill-0 oll'cr a (‘xray 11ml. bluiv \\ ilh u colt by lien-ride.

Shelia!) years old, Hound. illlll hall 4 fillies and one


horse-colt. A reg. breeder, Make draft on the

Peoples Bank of Leslie, Mich.


WHITNEY BROS.

R. F. D. No. l,

Percheron Stud coming


Onondaga, Mich

FOR SAL twou-heapifsold atom-e.


E. J. ALDRICH. - - - l‘ekonehe. Mich. ‘


SHETLAND PONIES


200 head to select from. Special prices on colts for Aug-

ust and September. W'rite Dept. F], The SHADYEIDE

Farms. North Benton, Ohio.


Will take 11 Drafl Shullliou on share, 2060 lbs


“(‘1‘ or Gray.

0. D. MURRAY, - - - New London, 0.


keeps you warm eight h . . .

POCkOI "all", fivetuhes. fuel pnstpaldﬁ’itllij (iifﬁfl. .

teed satisfactory or money refunded. Agents wanted-

Michignn Thermor Sales, 600 Holden Bldg, Detroit.


FREE PLANT BOOK about our Strawberries


and other an ll f

We guarantee our-Hardy NORTHERN unnwyiﬂplail‘c'itx‘i;

please. ()ursyatem of selling direct SAVES you MONEY. '

S 1 .J ()SEPH NI RS ERYJZM Main St..St.Joneph, Mir-h


quverizetl lime rock for-“sour"

Silk “'E‘SELL YOU DIRECT-

l liment mm our M ska on.

Mir-,h. yard. Write forqeam‘ple.


- literature, an; l_'. ’. d ' .

, LAKE SHORE STONE Cb‘ﬁlPx%Y?rme

P. O. Box 175, Milwaukee, Wis.


H A snag To :11. on Relleble nous.

‘ enie McCeﬂre 'I S

_____ 613-625 Web-II Bid... Mona-3h.

We are a,l d i -

EGGS' laid Fgg§.eh’ii§r"vriiiii§a:°n? digit/xi? xiii.


I usfor particulars. AMERICAN BUTTER

— &OHEESE COMPANY. Detroit._Mlch.


'To'aell l t. ' i'h nd rooff‘

salesmen the cunnilingr. $3“: kids while, ‘0 ‘

bent territory is n on. H . AMER]: AN OIL &

PAINT 00.. 55 Euclid Ave.. Cleve and, Ohio;
*x h ' , ”‘K

3' D1d you ever stop and if

‘ ﬁgure how much your losses *

amount to each year because of fallen .*

and scattered grain in your ﬁelds, unused ‘

pasturage, roughage and other feed materials,

that now go to waste?


‘ Possibly you have never given this a

much thought, but NOW when it is so vital


that every kernel on your farm should be saved and turned i»

into food, meat and milk, it should have your earnest considera- ¥


tion. Government ofﬁcials state that the losses—the small leaks,

the waste of food and feed materials in ﬁelds that cannot be pas-

tured on account of poor fences, amount to millions of dollars amm- ¥

ally. No wonder Uncle Sam says: “S TOP these wastes.”


Good fences will do it. It is a patriotic duty


now-a-days as well as a proﬁtable one to see. that your ¥

fences Will permit you to save every kernel—save every pound of pro- ¥

,_ duce which in the past has gone to waste because you could not turn

g 3 your stock into ﬁelds after the crop had been harvested on account of poor fences.


% . Why not resolve today to help Uncle Sam solve this food problem and at the ¥


, 'n.’


. same time make more proﬁts for yourself. Investigate


It

.* '¥

it

. at


-—the best and cheapest fence you can buy. Send for our new fence

catalog and see the SQUARE DEAL LOCK that will not slip. Read about the heavy stay ﬁt


wires—the wavy strand wires thatalways hold the fence tight and trim, summer or winter,'because they

expand and contract with heat and cold. See the fence that stays tight and trim for years—one that .k

costs less for repairs—requires. fewer fence posts—turns stock better and resists rust longer, in

short, gives the most for your money in fence service and satisfaction.


Let us point out these details which will convince you that it is the economical

fence to buy. We make our own openrhearth steel—draw it into wire and build it into. fence


from start to ﬁnish in our factory. This is a factor which_means much to the buyer. It means uni- ”41 {NM e

* form, dependable material and workmanship— a fence bullt on honor and bullt to last. You W111 w\;\g/>[A7~0

make no mistake in buying SQUARE DEAL FENCE. . . . \\ I? ‘7


* See your dealer about SQUARE DEAL FENCE; if there is no ”store handling ' .v _'


our fence in your town, write to us, mentioning the dealer from whom you buy and we

‘k will see that you are supplied. Send for catalog today and we will also send you a cow of Ropp’s


nun-"Keystone Steel &Vli‘re co,


A copy of Ropp’s


Send me your catalog of Square Deal

Fence and Farm Gates. Also send me free

‘ copy of ROPP'S CALCULATOR.


_ ‘ Calculator will be .

“moms STEEL & ‘ . FREE t fr t 1 d_ ,E

- “I“ 00. ‘ ‘ 2557 Industrial Street . OWners=sendi1§§nfor Seguage 211an

25”.:23‘:.1Hf11.§*"°* “ PEORIA - - - - ILLINOIS FenCeCataldv ' ‘ '


”-1 of


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