L]

. {glxsgs‘is‘s m: i '

 

The Only Weekly Agricultural, Horticultural, and Live Stock Journal in the State.

 

3 VOL. CLI. No. 4
Whole Number 4003

DETROIT, MICH., SATURDAY, JULY 27, 1918

381.00 A Y E A R.
$3.00 FOR 5 YEARS

1‘... WHEAT---“The Staff of Liberty”

By JOSEPH F. COX, Crop Specialist at the M. A. C.

ply has played an important part
. in determining the destinies of

l . nations. Of all grains it is best adap-

. ted as a war grain.

*; ' Julius Caesar was the first great
general who employed Wheat as a stan-
dard army ration. His conquering arm-
ies were followed closely by road build-

t ers who established the wonderful sys-
tem of Roman roads for the purpose

-of rapid movement of troops and to in-

sure a constant supply of this stamina
producing grain. The vasal states of
Gaul and Spain were made to produce
wheat for Roman soldiers and Roman
‘ citizens. Caesar conquered the world,
,“. not entirely because his men were the
best fighters, but because they were
well fed and well equipped. Napoleon,

. with the example of Caesar before him

If " very nearly equaled his achievement.

5" It was he who stated that “an army

travels on its belly.” Without a doubt,

,1 the disastrous retreat of Napoleon’s

i veteran army after the burning of Mos-

. cow was due to the interruption of the

, ‘ food supply by the “cavalry of the

t“ wild blasts, and the infantry of the
~ snows,” far more than to defeat by the

«' Cossacks. , .

Today America is called upon, not to

: conquer the world, but to put down
" the most devastating force that has

i u ever threatened the liberty of all peo—

,j ples. Her army must make war at a

’3; . greater distance from the

' base of supply than has

S INCE early times the wheat sup-

would decrease. Of late I have put the
question to many farmers and elevator
men. The answer of the majority of
these is one that Michigan may well
be proud of. “Yes,” they will admit,
“not much wheat in our neighborhood
this year, hardly a paying crop, but we
look for a big acreage next year. Most
of our farmers, through patriotism",

trying conditions is sufficient evidence
of the determined effort on the part of
most Michigan wheat growers to do
their full part in the war. It was a
sad sight during last spring to see
these same men disking up and plow-
ing up nearly half of the acreage plant-
ed in the fall. Though the attempt
was a costly one, it did not discourage

 

 

 

To Help the Kaiser

Don't plant wheat or rye.

Plant too late.

Use poor seed, don’t“ treat for
stinking smut.

Let the seed bed prepare itself.

Don’t disturb the weeds.

Don’t fertilize.

Keep the manure in the barn-
yard.

Eat all the wheat you grow.

Loaf on the job.

 

To Beat the Kaiser

Plant a record wheat and rye
crop.

Prepare land early.

" Plant early enough for a good
start.

Plant treated seed‘ of a hardy
variety.

Fertilize with manure and phos-
phate.

Eat substitutes.

Be on the job every minute.

 

 

 

 

 

will put out as much wheat as they
can.” Let us hope that this is univer-
sally the case.

As a contribution to this year’s war
basket, Michigan’s wheat crop falls far
short of the war contribution which
Michigan farmers hoped and prayed to
bring to a successful harvest. The in-
creased acreage planted last fall under

the planting of the greatest oat and
barley acreage that Michigan has ever
seen, which we hope will snatch vic-
tory from defeat.
Lessons from the 1918 Wheat Crop.
But the wheat crop was not a total
failure by any means. Thousands of
successful fields throughout the state
planted under more favorable condi-

tions or handled with greater skill,
show that even under the most unfav-
orable weather conditions which our
weather bureau have ever recorded,
Michigan can grow great Wheat if
rightly handled. Considered as an ob-
ject lesson the past wheat crop offers
a rare opportunity for profit. The par-
tial defeat due to the extremely ad—
verse conditions of fall, winter and
spring, can be turned into a great vic-
tory next season if the lesson is fully
grasped.

Too Late Planting is Disastrous.

Only in extremely favorable fall sea-
sons will wheat, planted in late Sep-
tember and early October give a maxi-
mum crop. it is of the utmost import—
ance that wheat be planted sufficiently
early to secure a good top before win-
ter. Throughout southern and central
Michigan, wheat should be planted in
the period between September 10 and
25. In north central and northern
Michigan from September 1 to'15 is
the proper planting time. It is true
that where the Hessian fly is apparent
the wheat should be planted some-
what latcr than usual. The latter por—
tions of the planting periods named
are late enough to control Hessian fiy,
according to Professor R. H. Pettit.

He further states that only occasionab

fly injury has been reported. Many
hearing the advice to plant late
thought they were warranted in plant-
ing wheat well into Octo-
ber. Planting time finally

 

 

ever been undertaken by

 

 

became later and later un~

 

any great army previous-
ly. All the food shipped
i must be transported under
great difficulties. It must
occupy the least space and
l' ' carry. the highest energy
4"; lvalue. Wheat, of all the
' grains, is the' most ideal
for the present need. It is
with American wheat most
largely that our armies
and our Allies must be
kept fed in order to fight
this war to the finish. In
. addition, America must
. ' supply our home needs
and at least sixty-five per
cent of the'food material
for our Allies. Well may
wheat be called the “staff
of liberty” since this great
struggle for the cause of
l liberty can be supported
at full efficiency only if the
supply of wheat from our
fields to European battle-
fields is unbroken and ad-
equate.
' You may have heard the
I ‘ - sftat eme nt from ‘many

 

 
   
    
  
    
  
  
 
  

   

til now our wheat crop as
a whole is annually jeopar-

dized through too late
p 1 a n tin g. In informing
your neighbor when to

plant in order to control
fly, name the date and do
not simply state “plant
late” or he may think you
mean Thanksgiving or
Christmas.

The good fields of Wheat
standing in Michigan are
almost invariably hardy
varieties and were planted
sufficiently early on seed
beds properly prepared.
Red Rock has again dem-
onstrated its hardiness and
high-yielding ability and is
available for nearly every
neighborhood. Excellent
fields of Egyptian Shep-
herd’s Perfection, Nigger~
head and Gold Corn, and
other varieties have also
been noted. The varieties
which withstood the past
seasons successfully can
be considered dependable

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

feéurcej'e‘th'at bwing ~to the _

ones to grew. It is these

 

 

 

*;.a_dverse season, the
jgb‘eht "acreage of Michigan

' varieties, veterans of 3.
(Continued on page 71).

   
   
    
    
  
   
 
 
      
    
    
   
     
   
    
    
      
    
      
   
   
 
       
      
        
     
 
    
      
       
   
     
      
 
      
    
      
 
      
       
 
       
     
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 

 
    
    
  
    
   
   
   
 


  

  

The Michigan Farmer

Published Weekly Estsb ished 1843 Copyright 1918

The Lawrence Publishing Co.

Editors and Proprietors
39 to 45 Congress St. West. Detroit.
TELEPHONE MAIN 4625.

NEW YOIIK OFFICE——38l Fourth Ave.

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PHILADELPHIA OF FiCE—261-263 South Third St.

Mickie“:

 

  

 

M. J. LAWRENCE” .resP ideni‘.
F. H NA Vice-President
. ..T LAWRENCE.. .. . 'I‘.reas
J. F. CUNNINGHAM .............. Secy.
I R. WATERBURY”

BURT WERMU’ l‘ H

FRANK A WI Associate
ALTA LAWSON LITTELL Editors
IeROY W. SN

W. MILTON KELLY ....................

 

I. R. WATERBURY.................

Business Manager

 

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Member Standard Farm Papers Association and
Audit Bureau of Circulation.

named as Second Class Matter at the Post Office
Detroit. Michigan. Under the Act or March 3.1879

 

 

VOLUME cm.
DETROIT, JULY 27, 1918

NUMBER FOUR

 

CURRENT COMMENT.

 

Recent reports from the
western front in Europe
have been gratifying to
every loyal American,
not alone because success is attending
the military campaign of the Allies in
which America has become a consider-
able factor, but as well because our
boys have fully met our expectations
of them. These reports are further
gratifying because they indicate that
through the addition of American
troops in such numbers to the forces
previously at their command, the al-
lied man power has assumed a supe-
riority which enables offensive opera-
tions to be conducted on a large scale.

The gains which have been noted in
press reports are significant, not so
much for the military value of the
ground taken as for the promise of fu-
ture success from a strategic stand-
point. The best of military critics
seem to concede that the Allied suc-
cesses of the past week mean that the
turning point of the year’s campaign
has been reached, and that the future
may be looked forward to with an in-
creased degree of confidence. We
must, of course, be prepared for the
sad feature of increased casualty lists
as a result of the operations in which
our boys have been so great a factor.
This inevitable result of war, must
however, be borne with all of the forti-
tude at our command, and without in
the slightest deg‘ee altering our deter-
mination to secure an early victory for
humanity by supporting the boys at
the front of whom we are so proud, in
every possible way and by bidding God
speed to those who are following them
as rapidly as they can be transport
ed. By such whole-hearted support the
day of victory and a just peace will be
hastened.

Our Boys in
the War.

The high morale of the.
whole American people
in their united support
of our war aims is a

matter for sincere congratulation, and
l; a cause for common remark by all
”:9. classes of people in all sections of the
' Acountry.» Perhaps not since the days

Public Morale
and Victory.

 

 

OneYeer 52isSues.. .. ........... ................81.00
' Two Years, 104 issues ...........................Sl.50
Three Years, 156i ssues” ..............$2.00
Five Years, 26.) issues. ..83.00

 

   

of the Revalution have loyal Ameri-
cans ever been so united on any. ques-
tion of public policy as they now are
upon the vigorous prosecution of the
war in which we are engaged as a.
means of bringing about an early, just
and lasting peace to the peace-loving
peoples of the world.

There is a most general and clear
understanding of the necessity of our
vigorous prosecution of the conflict to
this end. There is no faltering in the
general support of the war program,
and almost no complaint regarding the
sacrifices which must be made by all
the people, to the end that our partici-
pation in the conflict may bring about
an early decision. The vast resources
which this country has already been
able to marshal in its defense of right
and justice have been almost as great
a suipri e to the people of our own
country as they have to the govern-
ments of the central powers, who felt
so secure in their belief that America
could not effectively prepare in time
to be a material factor in the conduct
of the war.

Present indications are that the
great results which were accomplished
during the first year of the war will be
overshadowed by our accomplishments
during the ensuing year. This accom-
plishment has been and will be possi-
ble only through the high morale of
the American public. Already the cen-
tral powers have felt it expedient to
keep their people in ignorance of our
real accomplishments. The time has
come, however, when this will be no
longer possible, and the effect upon
the morale of the people of the cen-
tral powers will hasten the day of
victory.

Quite properly, other public issues
have given precedence to the war in
the public mind. It has been definitely
demonstrated that the forces of a great
democracy can be as effectually mar-
shalled for the well-being of humanity
as can the forces of autocracy for its
undoing. The American attitude not
only promises everything for the fu-
ture of America, but also great things
for the world at large.

Lest we forget the
Purchasing Farm unusual conditions
Supplies. affecting the gener-
al trade and trans-
portation of the country, the United
States Department of Agriculture has
recently issued a warning that unless
the farmers of the country are fore-
handed in ordering needed. supplies of
lime, they may be unable to get this
commodity when they want it. Ordi-
narily farmers have purchased their
lime so as to have it delivered at a
time when labor would be conserved
by hauling it direct from the car to
the field and applying it.

In ordinary years, manufacturers
have adjusted their business to this
practice; they have come to recognize
two seasons of demand, namely early
spring and late summer. Under pres-
ent conditions, however, including the
transportation difficulties, shortage of
labor in their plants and difficulty in
obtaining fuel, producers in this line
as well as 1'11 many others, will be un-
able to make last minute deliveries,
and disappointment may result for
many prospective users. In addition
to these conditions, the need of in-
creased crop production and the bene-
fits which have been derived from the
application of lime to acid soils have
increased the demand for lime pro-
ducts, which has further aggravated
the distribution problem.

For all of these reasons, the Depart-
ment of Agriculture is urging that or-
ders for the season’s lime require-
ments be placed as soon as possible,
and that spring needs for this com-
modity be anticipated so far as this is
practicable. What is true of this com-
modity is also true to only slightly
lesser degree of fertilizers and other
bulky materials used upon the farm.
The “early shopping" slogan should be

ever kept in mind under present con-
ditions.

  

:hundreds'of ways in which any term—

er can avail himself oi.’ the aid of his
county agent. ' -

Just new county agents are devoting
conside1 able of their time to the sup-
plying of needed labor ’on the farms
of their counties. Often the county .
agent may be helpful in—furnishing ‘5
men for special needs just at the time ‘
they are badly needed, to the great
relief of the farmer who is unable to -
get local help. Soil problems are also 9.
serious in many cases, and the aid of ‘
the county agent in their solution will
be most helpful.

Community organization plans may
also be developed through the aid of
the county agent much more quickly
and satisfactorily than in any other
way. Without doubt, the farm bureau
organizations of ,the state and country
form the best poSsible nucleus for the
general organization of our farmers
along economic marketing lines, but
the best possible results in this direc~
tion cannot be secured without the
people of the several counties are in
close touch with their county agents.
Already a plan has been advanced by
the government field agent in market—
ing in this state which looks toward a.
comprehensive organization for the a
marketing of the state’s potato crop. '

Another plan has been suggested by
the State Market Director for the on »
ganization of a National Chamber of "
Agriculture in which the county farm .1
bureau would be the local unit. Un- :
questionably the greatest need of the
farmers of Michigan and the country
at the present time is a central organ-
ization which is fully representative in
character, and which can speak with
authority for the farmers within its V
territory along economic lines. If pro-
duction costs are to be made the basis
of market prices in agriculture as they
are in other lines of industry, a gen-
eral organization of this character is a . .
first essential. With the county farm '
bureau as the local unit of such an or—
ganization, the farmers of every 10-
cality would have adequate represem
tation.

.No other plan offers so great oppor-
tunities for effective economic work,
but the first step necessary to larger
usefulness of this kind for county farm
organizations is for the farmers in
each county in which a county farm
bureau has been established to identi<
fy themselves with it and its work.
This will be a good investment from
the start, because it will cost absolute-
ly nothing, and will return a ham?
some profit through the benefits which
may be derived from the utilization of
and cooperation with the local agent
of the county farm bureau.

A recent report

The Federal Reserve of the Federal
System. Reserve Board
shows that on

May 10 the 8,132 member banks had
total resources of $24,070,000,000, an
increase of $92,000,000 since the first
of the year.

An itemized statement of the busi- “E
ness of the Federal Reserve Bank sys-
tem shows the" great benefit which is
enjoyed by the member banks from
the operation of this system. It is eX«
ceedingly fortunate that an adequate
banking system was devised and get
ten into operation before the entry of
our. country into a great war which
will tax its every financial resource to
prosecute to an early and successful
finish.

This system will be just as great an
aid in the reconstruction period follow-
ing the war, when the commercial de-
mands upon the financial resources of
the countrywill necessarily be increas-
ed. The combined benefits which will
accrue to the country from the estab-
lishment of the Federal Reserve sys-
tem and the Federal Farm Loan sys-
tem are beyond estimation. They will,
however, be better appreciated as time
demonstrates their stab

    
 

Michigan farmers re-

Wheai: vs. Rye sponded nobly last
for Michigan. year to the appeal for
. an increased acreage

of winter wheat. Unfortunately the
winter was so severe that large areas
of the wheat sown were winter-killed
and much of the land had to be sown
to spring grain last spring. In the sug-
gested wheat acreage for 1918 the De-
partment of Agriculture has not asked
for an increase of wheat acreage in
Michigan, but has suggested an‘in-
creased area of rye for Michigan, Wis-
consin,. Minnesota and South Dakota

Experience of many years has dem-
onstrated that much of our Michigan
soil is not adapted to growing wheat.
On the other hand, it has been found
from. repeated experiences that most
of this poor ‘wheat soil will give an
abundant yield of rye under good cul-
tural methods. Michigan is particu-
larly fortunate in- having developed
through its experiment station a very
superior strain of rye. Rosen rye is
again demonstrating its superiority as
a grain crop this year in comparison
with the common varieties. This va-
riety has repeatedly demonstrated its
superiority in an extraordinary man-
ner. it should not be forgotten, how-
ever, that this strain mixes very read-
ily with the common rye, and that
pure seed of the variety should be se-
cured if best results are to be ex~
pected. ,

It will be the part of wisdom for
farmers who have not at their disposal
what might be called good wheat soil
to sow rye instead of wheat, since
even from the patriotic viewpoint, a
large yield of edible grain is the result
desired, and a good crop of rye will
help win the war better than a poor
crop of wheat. Farmers having good
wheat land will do better to sow their
usual acreage of wheat, but any con
siderable increase of small grain pro-
duction in this state must under pres-
ent conditions come from an increase
in acreage of rye rather than wheat.

Farmers who contemplate sowing
any considerable area of rye this year
should be on the lookout for a source
from which they can purchase a pure
strain of Rosen rye, since this variety
has long since passed the experimental
stage and proven its superior value.

   
      
       
       
 
      
  
 
     
   
   
   
     
    
    
    
   
  
   
  
   
   
      
    
  
      
   
  
  
   
   
  
  
   
   
  
 
  
  
  
   
  
 
    
  
 
 
    
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
    
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
   
  
  
   
   
 
 
   
    
  
 

 
  

5.
‘.

 

 

 

-, . 3m;.s%-

Farmers living in
Utilize the County counties where the
Agent. County Farm Bu-
reau is a recently
established institution are neglecting
a valuable opportunity if they do not
utilize the services of the county agent
to the fullest possible degree. There
are a great many problems arising
continually which the county agent can
be of material assistance in solving.
Perhaps a new crop disease, or one
new to the farmer observing it, makes
its appearance in his field. In every
such case the county agent should be
notified and his assitance solicited at
once. If he has not previously met
this particular crop disease or para-
site in his experience, he has at his
command scientists of the Agricultural
College and the federal government on
whom he may call for assistance in de-
termining the nature of the trouble
and the best available remedy for com-
bating it.

As an illustration along this line, the
new stripe disease which is attacking
barley quite generally in this state is
now under observation by a govern-
ment specialist who. is visiting the in-
fected fields in various sections of the
state under the direction of county
agents. This will facilitate a close
study of the disease, and aid material-
ly in the suggestion of a remedy
which now seems more than likely to
lie in the use of varieties with a high
resistance to this particular disease.
This is only one 5““‘tration ofrythe

 

 

   
           
        
    
     
         
     
     
    
        
       
        
             
        
   
        
   
  

  
       

  

 


, “warmtws «axmw 4‘

s

 

am“.
As,- .. vz: ,,

iwf

 

a mer

     
 
  
    

' let the calf “rough it.”

MONG the trained n employed
A by the Extension Department of

the Michigan Agricultural Col-
lege to assist farmers in technical mat-
ters outside the experience of the av-
erage agriculturist, is a drainage spe-
cialist—a chap who can at a glance
almost, tell where it ismost advisable
to lay tile, or, on request, bring forth
assorted and definite facts about such
things as drainage costs and ditching
machines. For more than a year this
man has been visiting country districts
wherever he has been called for—with
the result that he has come to the con-
clusion that one of the improvements
most needed in Michigan agriculture
is the installation of drainage systems.
In some sections of the state, he de-
clares, yields of crops could be increas-
ed one-third if farmers would provide
outlets for the excess water on their
lands.

“Not all farms need drainage sys-
tems,” Mr. Robey says. “The question
is one of'local conditions, but it is nev-
ertheless a fact that thousands upon
thousands of Michigan farmers are los-
ing crops annually because of excess
water in the soil. One of the most ef-

Dcvcloping the Young Dairy Animals

HE calf is the fundamental fac-
tor in cattle breeding. Success
or failure with a herd is depend-
ent upon securing a living calf, lusty

, with the inherited merits of its ances-

tors. The care and development of
the calf are more important than a
knowledge of pedigree in blending the
blood lines. Not only the increase but
the improvement of the herd depends
upon the calf. If there is not ample
provision made for the reception of
the youngster and the later care and
development, then no wisdom in the
purchase price of the dam, no study of
pedigree, no familiarity with breed his-
tory, can save the herd from passing
into oblivion.

Hundreds of breeders of registered
cattle, who have made liberal invest-
ments in stock and equipment, have
failed simply because they had not the
gumption, to secure the services of
good caretakers or were unwilling
themselves to give vigilant watchful-
ness and daily attention to care and
feed. Some’ neglect to bring sunshine
and fresh air to the calves; others
think clean pails and feed boxes too
much trouble. Some will feed more
than the calf can digest; others will
The general
appearance of the calf tells a story
which the good caretaker can interpret
with keen perception and avoid trou-
ble. Getting a good start is important
in every undertaking, and nowhere is
it more important than in the life of a
calf that is expected to make a return
on an investment and express the
merits of the breed. Right care and
proper precautions would save many
caIVes that are lost, and the loss is
great because of the investment in'the
sire and dam and the long period in
embryo life; but even calves that are
‘born'strong do not always continue to
thrive for the slmplersason that some
painstaking caretaker does not look af-

ter them once a day to discern the

slighteSt indication that health and
f growth are not as they should be. - The

fai‘r‘e’fith pedigree and individual mer-

l'y the-calf to express his val~
' a. noted

   

 

thtatc of Michigan 18 Still T 00 Wet ‘

In the ‘ August Primaries and the Fall Elections Farmers Should Give Special Attention to the Candidates for the Legis-_‘ i

lature who Oppose the Revisiondflof Our Drainage Laws.

fective ways of insuring a crop on this
type of land is to under-drain it.

“Of course, it does seem expensive
to invest from $20 to $40 an acre in
land that may be already high in price,
but it should be remembered that this
expenditure is not for one year alone.
The benefits should reasonably extend
over a life-time. If we consider the
matter on this basis, it amounts to a
much smaller expense per year than
many of the other investments which
we are making to increase production,
such as application of fertilizers, use
of high-producing seeds, and so on.

“In visiting various sections of the
state where under-drainage has been
practiced for some time one cannot
but be impressed by the uniform opin-
ion of those who have tried it that it
is one of the most paying investments
they have ever made. Many a farmer
who is accumulating money to buy an
additional farm might far better invest
his money in systematically under-
draining his present property. Many
instances have come to my attention
of farmers who, lacking money to
drain, have borrowed it to their finan-
cial betterment.

On many farms where whole milk is
sold the use of prepared calf foods has
been found profitable. It seldom pays,
however, to depend upon these substi-
tute foods until the calves are from
four to five weeks old, and then to use
them merely as a supplement to the
skim-milk and hay ration. At the lead-
ing experiment stations it has been
found that the use of skim-milk or

“To illustrate what tile drainage will
do to increase food production, it is
only necessary to remember the num-
ber of tile laid in Michigan last year.
We believethat the 25,000,000 tile put
in last year will increase crop produc-
tion one-third when taken over a ser-
ies of years. Forty thousand acres of
land Were drained by this tile in Mich-
igan in 1917. The increased yield from
this land due to better drainage will
supply. sufficient wheat, corn and pota-
toes to feed a city of fifty thousand
people for one year.

“One of the most efficient ways of

increasing food production even under

present conditions, it will be seen,
would be to increase the amount of
tile drainage in Michigan. This would
not only produce food now, when it is
most needed, but it would go on pro-
ducing food for years and years to
come.

“During the last year the farmers of
the state of Michigan paid over three
million dollars in drain taxes to se-
cure suitable outlets for draining their
land and undoubtedly this was money
well spent. It will bring a great deal
more than this amount in returns but

powdered milk is necessary to enable
the calf to make efficient use of these
prepared foods. At the Wisconsin and
Connecticut Experiment Stations it
has been demonstrated that the addi-
tion of protein, such as the albumen of
milk or the proteins of meat helped
out wonderfully in making the pro-
teins in the cereals more easily digest-
ed. This undoubtedly explains the

 

 

 

XPERT teachers are very

scarce, due to a number of

reasons. The men have
been taken for the army; prom-
ising young women have taken
a little» business training and
haVe gone into commercial jobs
that pay much better. Moreover
the salaries paid to teachers
have not kept pace in any meas-
ure with the cost of living and
in most cases the salaries have
remained at exactly the same
figure they were last year. It is
small wonder then,’that we are
having such a time to secure
good teachers.

The National Education Asso‘
ciation estimated recently that
this year there would be in this
I. country a shortage of a hundred

thousand teachers and those
who are in a position to know
believe that the association has
made a conservative estimate.
This means but one of two
things. It means that many of
the schools will either be run
with inexperienced teachers or
they will be‘closed and the chil-
dren sent to some near-by dis-
trict.

' Somebody must take these un-
tried teachers and give them
their experience, but it is my
opinion that the district school
'is no place to do" it, for the sim-
ple reason that there is not an
opportunity to give this \teacher

 

 

    
  
    

 

Teachers are Scarce

‘ sumcient. supervision so that she

can accomplish the best results.
It strikes me that in the cities
or towns where the teacher can
get daily and expert supervision
is the place to train the untest-
ed. Many teachers prefer to
teach in town and the actual
money they get is a little more
than they receive in the country
but the amount that can be sav-
ed is somewhat greater in many
country districts.

A good teacher is always
worth more than she is paid,
while a poor teacher is worth
much less than she is paid and
may often be a damage besides.
We must not entrust our boys
and girls to the instruction of a
poor teacher who may mould in
them objectionable habits that
cannot be broken in a life time.
Last year I went into one coun-
try school where there was an
inexperienced young man teach-
ing. When I left the school, I
actually felt sorry for the boys
and girls.

School authorities -will do well
to see that they have procured
a teacher of ability, even though
she may demand a good price

 

 

for her services. One state board
of education is sending out this
word to its school officials: “Liv-
ing expenses have increased for.
.ty per cent in the last year and
we respectfully recommend that
you increase the salary of your
teachers to that; extent.”

  
 
 
   
   
  
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
    
 
  
   
 
  
 
  
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
   
  
  
     
 
      
     
        
   
    
     
     
     
      
       
   
       

  

it is one of the most lamentable facts
in our drainage situation that many.
farmers adjacent to these drains do
not realize as much as they might
from this tax investment.

“If proper systems of under-drainage
could be immediately installed the land
could be made to very quickly pay for
this outlay. In the majority of- cases,
however, the high drain tax exhausts
the supply of money with which the
farmer, might carry on this after-devel- '1:
opment. By the time the farmer gets "
squared away the ditch is often so fill-
ed up with rubbish that its value as an
outlet is materially reduced, if not en-
tirely destroyed. We need legislative
remedies for this, something that will “4.
encourage immediate development of
the adjacent property and provide for
maintenance of county drains after
they are completed. The formation of
drainage districts with the power to
bond is one way of meeting the first g.
trouble, and no doubt a most suitable
scheme can be worked out to correct

 

the latter. Organization of districts 1
along natural lines, instead of along .5
the present arbitrary boundaries would 7,,

be helpful."

great value of a feed like skim-milk or
soluble blood meal in supplying the de- ,
ficiencies in grain feeds and prepared
mixtures as well as promoting the '
health of the calves. Some of the best
caretakers report excellent results
from the use of about one tablespoon-
ful of soluble blood meal mixed with
each feed served to keep the bowels of "7‘3
the calves in good condition, and since
it is a comparatively inexpensive feed
a wider use of it on breeding farms
might be profitable.

Young animals that are being devel-
oped for breeding purposes should not ,
be closely housed and pampered. A
strong, rugged heifer is the basis of
success in producing well developed
cows and to that end the young stock :‘1
should be given as much outdoor life
and exercise as is consistent with a.
healthy growth and normal develop-
ment. By close stall feeding it is pos-
sible to obtain greater growth during
the first year but it is a question
whether or not this method tends to
make the animals more susceptible to
disease and common ailments. The a.‘:
calf that is well fed and allowed to I
run outside a few weeks to grow and
develop strong muscles and a vigorous
constitution is capable of making bet~
ter gains from the amount of grain
and roughage consumed than one “that
has been kept inside during the sum-
mer and fall months. When cattle be-
come so refined in type and pleasing
to the eye that the rugged life of out- ,
doors is denied them, destructive dis- _ .3
eases increase with the so-called im—
provement. It is well enough to assist
nature in caring for stock, but in his ,..
misguided zeal man often sets nature’s :1?
ways aside. The fat, comely heifer
contentedly chewing her cud in a.
warm, richly bedded stall, surrounded
with every comfort which her owner 9"
can think of, may not have the pro~
ductive ability or the reproductive use. i “
fulness of the moderately fleshed, '
rough coated calf that hustles about.
the pasture for a living. Sun, air and
grass are needed in securing that an- ..
perb vigor which immunizes animals, V
from disease. It is always better. to
practice safe and sane method 7.:

        
   
    
  
   

     
   
  

   


   
 

   
 
 

   

, :168.‘—:4 ,.
'. . ‘ HE fair season will soon be with
‘ I . us and every farmer should plan
on going to one at least. The
' fair most likely to attract his attention
L is the state fair for the simple reason
that there he can see the greatest
number of exhibits and usually the
best quality of exhibits for the least
money. Fairs may be defined as edu-
cational, recreational, and morally bad.

The educational fair is the one that
has survived the test of time although
we find the others even more preval-
ent than they should be, but as the agi-
tation of ages has gone by the only
reai help that any man gets is help
fromgthe inside.

The ideal of any democracy is to so
train its people that they will be able
to understand and intelligently judge
the merits of any case that may is
brought up by any democracy to settle,
and we have tried practically every-
thing in the category of human endeav-
or to attain this end. However, we sit
at the feet of the old truth which is,
that knowledge and education are the
real solutions to any problem. We
want neither cut and dried orange
peeling that may be fitted over the

' object, nor patent medicines that cure
all diseases.
We have had societies founded upon

 

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He’s ’Lis‘tedl Will the Babies’ Care?
the proposition of doing business for
farmers collectively and most of them
have failed. Their most noticeable
failing was, of course, in the financial
way while really their most miserable
showing was the educational one. Any
business that goes on without the proc-
ess of education is a bad business to
be in. The worker who does the same
thing for fifteen years finds that at the
end of that time his mind has become
Consider-ably dulled and it is very hard
for him to learn the things that he
would. have learned earlier with com-
parative ease and the fact that a man
is required to do a thing that calls for

 

 

 

no head work is a deplorable condition
in that it benumbs the mentality of
the man who does the job.

And so the fair, no matter whether
it, be state, county. or community that
does not have for its greatest purpose
the education of both those who take
part in it and those who are guests
does not fulfill its greatest function. It
is for the purpose of education that we
institute such features as judging
teams, junior exhibits, junior handi—
craft, etc.

In judging, the animals are brought
into the ring and the judge, after look-
ing them over carefully decides which
one should be first, second, and third,
and so on. The fact that he does make
such a decision constitutes no particu-
lar value to those who are watching
the proceeding. The only educational
value of this is when the merits and
demerits of the animals are pointed
out in such a way that everyone may
see why one animal is placed ahead of
the other. Many judges are prone to
do this because they are. afraid that
somebody in the crowd will doubt
their judgment, but the animal that is
placed first without a good reason is
wrongly placed and so some arrange-
ment ought to be made for the judge
to point out in a sentence or so, why
the animal placed first is there and
why the animal placed second is in
that position. In this way there is the
greatest educational value to be de-
rived from the judging and fair offi-
cials should bear in mind continually
that the educational feature is the
most worth while object of the fair.

In many cases, the county fair has
about had its day and this is usually
brought on by one of two reasons:
either the management has not securo
ed for the fair sufficient local interest
and support, or the county fair has
been allowed to become the nest of
professional gamblers who follow the
race horses in an endeavor to get an
easy nickle now and then.

in their handling of concessions,
some fair boards have shown the same

 

 

 

 

 

judgment that a man does who, when
he finds himself in debt promptly forg-
es a check to pay that debt. This im<
mediately causes his downfall. So fair
boards when they have found them-
selves going financially “0n the rocks"
have immediately resorted to innumer-
able concessions, many of them of a
questionable sort in order to make up
the deficit in the finances. This pro-
cedure, however, has simply hastened
the downfall and probably more fairs
lie dead or dormant today through this
very thing, than any other.

The American public may have many
faults and some of them may be very
large, but I have a great deal of. faith
in the average mind of the public.
There are a few peOple who like to be
humbugged;
throwing balls at nigger babies; play—
ing games of chance and seeing the
diver loop the loop, yet the big, broad,
average mind of the public does not
care for this sort of thing when it
comes at such a high ,price in propor-
tion to what it returns as it does at
most fairs. Prices run something like
this: Ten cents to see some conces~
sion, and fifty cents to see the fair
when, as a matter of fact, there is a
hundred times as much education and
amusement in the fair as in the con-
cession and any attempt on the part of
a fair management to create a greater
financial income through the granting
of more and more concessions is a
death blow to the fair itself. The rea-
soning is much like the cry of the
liquor people that the commonwealth
will miss the money that is derived
from licenses, when as a matter of fact
it is a case of putting a hundred dol-
lars in one pocket and taking a thou-
sand out of the other.

If we might have all of the judging
done in an educational way, that is,
have the superior qualities of the first
prize product made clearer and the ins
ferior ones of the others brought out,
the fair would fulfill its highest func—
tion. Where fairs have been continu-
ously held under wise management we

others take pleasure in,

do not find the same samples of cprn
being brought in for competition that
were brought in five years ago. Five
years ago the' farmer went out and
brought in the very largest. ears he
could find regardless of whether or not
they would make good seed, whether
they Were uniform or showed breeding
in the least degree. Now, however,
when we see the efhibits of corn at
fairs very seldom do we find medium
sized ears and these much the same
in size, color, type, and shape of ker-'
nel. This shows the educational val"
ues that have resulted from the fair.
One of the first things that should
be taken into consideration when a.
fair is being planned out is to provide
for suitable and competent judges. The
judge who makes the awards is the
man who really sets the ideal for those I
who are looking on. Ideal setting is
dangerous business unless it is done,
by a man who is sure of his ground.r‘
Because a man is a good cattle feeder
is no sure sign that he would be a.
good judge of cattle and the practice
of some county fair boards of merely
getting a cattle man to judge their cat-
tle is an erroneous one. The judge
should have a well defined ideal of
wheat these animals should be. Not
only this, but he must be fearless and
confident of his own judgment. Judges
that can be “wibblc wobbled” should

 

 

     

   

   
 
  
  

    

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by all means he so handled before the
fair and a substitute who can’t be plac—
ed in their positions. The three or
four judges in the show are the ideal
setters for the community and picking

‘them out is a painstaking and care—

ful job.

Getting ready for the fair this year
is a more particular job than it ever
was before. This year people do not
want to be bothered with nonsense,
neither do they care to Spend their
money for trifies, but they do not now
nor never have begrudges gthe money
that was spent in an educational way..

 

Condition‘ ofOur:r191_8 Potato, Apple and Bean Crops“

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ROWING large crops of choice
fruit and vegetables is a com-
paratively easy task compared

With putting them on the market in
condition to command top prices. Big
yields alone do not necessarily mean
big profits. N'et profits—the only ones
which count at the end of the year’s
business—depend fully as much upon
one’s skill in packing, grading and sell-
ing as in growing the products.

The farmer of today looks upon the
marketing problem as the apparent
drawback to making a profit from his
farming. No doubt it is, but the fault
is not entirely at the selling end of the
transaction. The bulk of products are
not put up in shape to stand shipment
and bring satisfactory returns. Crates,
paper boxes and labor cost money, but
the farmer must pay for them before
he can put his stuff on the markets in
condition to bring satisfactory prices.
Freight or motor truck charges repre-
sent cash expenditures and must be
paid for before the produce leaves the
cars or freight houses. ‘

Attractive, properly matured fruits
and vegetables, carefully and honestly
packed in a clean, bright crate or has-
ket, bearing a neat, distinctive label
will always be in demand at a profit-
able price. Furthermore, it should be
the aim of every grower to grow, har-
vest and market products just a little
better than the average. Many believe
that the present rate of fruit-tree
planting and the development of truck

' lands will soon result in over-produc-

tion of fruits and vegetables. This
may apply to the poor grades of these
products, but it need never worry the

‘ grower who produces high-grade fruits

and vegetables by combining intelli-
gence with careful picking, packing,
grading and shipping.

, The careless grower who places in
his packages fruits and vegetables that
are ever-ripe, green, blemished and im-
perfect, not only pays for packages
and transportation for this undesirable
fruit, but he is sending packages to
market that are not desirable to the
commission house, the jobber, the re-
tailer or the consumer, and in the
shape our transportation lines are to-
day, he is actually preventing good
products from reaching the big mar-
kets. Many farmers who profess to be
honest and patriotic men are shipping
produce to market that gives the deal-
ers and consumers the impression that
they are malicious pikers endeavoring
to work off their cull stuff at high
prices.

It is true that growers have been
severely handicapped in securing com-
petent labor and suitable packages the
past year, and, as a rule, they have no
desire to fool dealers or consumers
with badly packed, unfit products. The
real trouble, however, is that the ma-
jority of growers do not understand
what is necessary for an honest pack.
They do not realize that the expense
of packing and shipping is just the
same for rotten berries, peaches, toma-
toes and other fruits and vegetable
crops as it is for good products, and
that the best market for the cull stuff
is on the farm where it grew, thus sav-
ing the cost of labor, packages and
freight in shipping it to the city mar-
ket. Such a close system of culling
does not mean that the consumer will
pay more for his produce. It simply
eliminates the unsalable portion and
the cost of handling it. Sixty bushels
of apples properly graded, packed and
marketed will return more profit to
the grower and furnish more good
fruit to: the consumer, than one-hun-

 

 
 

bushels of average orchard run
_ .eff9rt to sell for canning on these days

am also accum- ._

consumer with as little waste as pos-
sible. This will require prompt action
and quick selling after such products
reach the market.

In many fruit-growing regions motor
trucks hav‘e made it possible to put the
culls on the market in a few hours
and at comparatively low cost. One
successful orchardist has solved the

problem by using a motor truck to

market his cull fruit at a nearby city,
making trips at the season when his
main cropsare being packed fer ship-
ment to distant markets.

Every fruit-growing community pro-
duces a certain amount 'of inferior
fruit. It sometimes seems as if some
old witch has put a curse upon it. Con-
siderable of this fruit is perfect ex-
cept for tiny defects that prevent ship-
ping, hence it lies in the cull pile, or
is a little less perfect and is not gath-
ered. - In years of heavy yields and
low prices it may be quite perfect, but
cannot be harvested and shipped at a
profit. So there it stays, rotting in the
cull pile or on the tree, bush or vine.
“How wasteful, how unpatriotic,” peo«
ple exclaim when this situation is
brought to their attention. “Why don’t
the farmers build canning factories
and evaporators and utilize these

MIéHIGAN FARMER

Sell the Best, then Can the Rest-"Byers?“

waste products the same as the Ger-
mans do? Think of all the poor fam-
ilies that would be glad to get them.
Why doesn’t somebody do something?
Which looks like a wise suggestion.
But it isn’t. For the same old witch
which has apparently cursed the fruit
has been ahead of you and the moment
you touch this fruit your troubles be-
gin. You find yourself competing with
a big industry that does business on
slender margins of profit, and does
them efficiently—so much more effi-
ciently than you can possible do them
that you will probably succeed only in
making a product that nobody wants.

The grower who is prepared to con-
vert his cull products into fancy home
canned commodities will find it possi-

.ble to utilize a large share of fruit

that otherwise would be unsalable, but
as a rule, it seldom pays a grower to
attempt to put up canned products of
distinctive quality from inferior pro-
ducts.

The fruit growing regions of the
country are dotted with wrecks of lit-
tle canning and by-product establish-
ments that were started to save this
cull fruit. Most of them are to be
found in small towns in the fruit-grow-
ing sections Promoted by clever

 

 

 

Irrigation Sets the Weather at Naught and lnsures an Abundant Harvest.

 

The Latest Ideas

BELIEVE that to the berry grower

the variety question is the most

important question of all. The fruit
grower does not obtain maximum re-
sults until he finds the exact variety
that fits into his niche. The successful
berry grower must keep testing varie-
ties himself. Varieties of berry fruits
are continually improving and what
was good enough for us several years
ago is not good enough now. It is saf-
est to plant several varieties as no one
variety will pay the best of all every
year in a period of five years.

A few years ago we, in common
with other berry growers, came to the
conclusion that pistillate varieties of
strawberries were unnecessary. After
going through three years of frosty
weather during blossoming time and
losing most of our crops of strawber-
ries except the pistillate varieties, we
came to the conclusion that we cannot
safely discard the pistillates.

I used to send most everything I
raised into New Yerk, Boston and oth-
er big cities. Now I seek the small
markets, ship small lots to individuals
and encourage the local demand. The
big city is the best place to secure a
long price when there is a great short-
age,-provided your transportation faci1~
ities and your dealer are all right.

There are always one or two pick-
ings during the height of the season
that bother the grower to dispose of at
fair prices: Anticipating‘these days,
I urge the dealers to make a special

    

In Berry Culture

towns and cities, who secure orders
from their friends and neighbors for
canning. I ship to these people on

these days that otherwise would be-

glut days were it not for this fore-
sight. One woman in a city thirty-five
miles from us handled twentyfive
crates of strawberries in one day for
us last season, supplying her neigh—
bors with them.

I find that one of the greatest val-
ues of a winter mulch for strawberries
is in killing the early crop of spring
weeds. If the mulch is left on until
the plants have grown a little and look
a little sprouty, it kills myriads of
weeds. If on your soil, your plants do
not winter-kill by heaving, try mulch-
ing part of your bed and leave the
rest unmulched. In picking time, no-
tice how clean your mulched portion
will be compared to the unmulched
even if the straw is all removed. Cul-
tivate the rows close up to the plants
but shallow, from the time the berries
set until picking is over and you will
be surprised at the quantity and qual-
ity of the fruit produced.

We numbered each berry picker the
past season, put their name and num-
ber down on a sheet of paper each
day and gave them each small slips of
paper with their number on the little
slips. When a picker broughtwor sent
in his four quart handy of berries, he
placed a number on it. In this way
we were able to tell all about who
picked that handy of berries. As a
result, the standard of picking was

  
   

 

 

agents of the big manufacturing con-
cerns hundreds of communities have
been swindled into taking shares of
stock in wild-cat companies. Some of
these concerns have been operated
successfully for one or two years and
then closed down. The buildings and
machinery are warping and rusting,
the windows are broken and spiders
have spun webs across the doors.

The uncertainty of fruit crops and
fluctuating prices and demands make
the business too hazardous to be con-
ducted on a small scale. Then, too,
the difficulties of financing such an un-
lertaking have proved a stumbling-
block to many concerns who have
gone into the business of handling
these cull products.

Another factor which makes it ex~
ceedingly difficult for small community
canning and evaporating plants to sue-
ceed is the fact that people are-de-
manding products carrying an adver-
tised trademark, as well as sufficient
supply to meet their demands through-
out the year. It stands to reason that
the plant that operates spasmodically
and without any fixed quantity of raw
material cannot compete successfully
with the more efficient organizations
operated by men with ample capital,
competent helpers and traines sales?
men.

Summing up the situation in a nut-
shell it seems to me that the problem
of marketing perishable fruit and veg—
etable crops is one of careful packing,
grading and shipping of'the sound
specimens, prompt selling of the culls
whenever possible, and home-canning
and preserving of all the specimens ‘
that may be used profitably for such
purposes. While the market for home»
canned fruit and vegetables is some-
what limited, yet the possibilities of
developing trade a mong grocers, deli-
catessen stores and private families
are unlimited for the grower who has
canned products of superior quality
and flavor.

FENCE THE GARDEN.

 

Fencing for the farm garden is un-
doubtedly a necessary investment un-
less all stock in the neighborhood is
maintained under good control. It
should be high enough and tight
enouh to keep out poultry. Some
farmers fence their poultry and leave"
the garden unprotected. Others fence
their garden and give the poultry the
freedom of the farm. My observation
leads me to believe that the farmers
with the fenced gardens raise the most
and the best vegetables. A confined
hen will fly out on occasions but a hen
with the freedom of the remainder of
the earth will often condescend to re-
main out of a fenced garden.

In order to do their best, vegetables
need a little rain at frequent intervals,
Light sho'wers coming often are more
conducive to growth than a heavy rain
followed by a long dry spell. Some
market gardeners install watering sys—
tems such as illustrated in the photo-
graph, and they find the investment an
insurance against the dry periods
which sometimes nearly ruin fine crops
of vegetables. Doubtless the installa— '
tion of systems for supplying water to
farm homes will 'be followed in some
cases by an effort to irrigate the gar-
den crops. This will prove an espe- '
cially valuable asset if vegetable grow;
ing is to be depended upon for a part
of the farm income. '

Vegetable growing means hard work
and a large amount of time expended,
on a small area. However, the effort», .
to produce a fine variety of first-class, I I
truck for home use saves expense in; '
keeping up the table and mat, the,


 

 

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THE' M‘IIC’H'IIGA'N' rA-nM m

a:

JULY 27,1918.

 

  
   
   
     

    
   
 
     
     
     
         
   
      
 
         
   

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@I I my III I III

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“dismissals
mma :
food —- qr ey and
other grams are
used w1th wheat.
I'Ihls adds to food
value andfl flavor
and th e sumt total
re ires less wheat.
e malted bar
in Grape Nuts also
helps digest other
foods.

 

 

  

 

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IIIIIII II' III” III! IIIIII IIIInl'S
IIIIIIIIIIIIII II

  

41.1., 1 mu; :1me ALL‘ALIA.

   
      

 

 

For an economical,
nouris bind and
delicious ’ food,

Grapelluls

III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIII

___.—
a
=
E
E
.=_‘
a

      

 

 

ERFECTLY cut silage revenu

air pockets and the resul: tis less
spoilage. Purchase a Rowe“ Auto-
matic Cutter and get ect service.
STRONG. EASY RUNNING. no
danger, made in seven sizes. Investigate
before you buy. Free Illustrated Catalog.

THE ARBUCKLE RYAN C0.
TOLEDO, OHIO
DislrIbulotsfor Ohio and Michigan.
Also headquarter: fg‘ Traders, Thea/zen,

lc.

 

 

IEVERLASTING SI

lronstonc Blocks

, Under our special proposition Vic“
can save $25 to $50 on an
LASTING SXLO, guaranteed for the
life of the uichaser Blocks of
ironstone, vi rified glazed tile, triple

wall design, self reinforced and in-

terlocking, with double lock cement
mortar joints Extra steel reinforc
ing. Built for service
Write for complete informatwn
and prices.
LEWIS MoNU'l‘T.
23 S Walnut 51.. ”Illll. lud.

 

IB-V’I‘Silo

Built of everlasting Brazil Vitrified Fire

Clay. Reinforced with steel ribs bedded

in cement. You'll never have to

rebuild it. Your neighbor has one.
Ask him. Bend for Booklet D
‘ Brazil Hollow Brick &Tile Co.

Brazil, Indiana

 

 

 

Buy Your Storage Batteries From Ashbrooll

If you want to purchase high grade stor-
ye batteries of any kind write to us at
313. We (have a veg-we pfiowpwition it?
ere, an wewant rel eager: .
omobilo Batteries: We make automo-

   
     

,3191‘ a

 

  
 
 
   
 
 

‘ Rare, indeed, are the seasons when
com fields neglected during the late
summer produce maximum yields. A
little timely attention at this time will
permit the corn plants to survive the
competition of weeds and the distress
of drouth and come through the season
with sufficient vigor to produce a ro-
bust ear. The growing corn plant must
have suitable soil and moisture condi-
tions to enable it to store up nutri-
cuts to develop a sound ear in the fall.
It is a plant capable of utilizing a great
quantity of food materials from na-
ture’s stores if the conditions are fav-
orable. The man ,with the cultivator
may do much to shape conditions for
his crop. More than ten thousand
plants on every acre stand ready to
cooperate with him with increased ac-
tivity if he keeps the field free from
Weeds and the soil covered with a.
loose mulch to prevent the evapora-
tion of moisture. Each wise stroke of
the cultivator is multiplied beyond
computation in the final yield.

Even after the plants are too high
to permit cultivation with the two-row
cultivator a vast amount of good can

be done the crop by keeping the single
cultivators going through the rows,
separating the soil particles, develop
ing plant food and preventing the es-
cape of moisture.

Because of the difficulties in stirring
the surface of the soil with large shov-
els without running them very deeply,
they should not be uSed after the roots
occupy the most of the space between
the rows. The small shovels do more
correct average quality of work dur-
ing the later cultivations of the crop,
and unless persistent early rains have
befouled the land so that a desperate
fight with weeds is necessary the large
shovels should not be used after the
second cultivation of the field.

No matter what type of cultivator,
the operator should carry a vivid men-
tal picture of the soil filled with tiny

rootlets Whose business it is to gather

food and moiSture to support the grow-
ing stalk. It may not seem a serious

Late summer’s Work in the Cornfield

thing to cut off a few of these roots,
but to keep the cultivator running all
day and cutting out hundreds of them
sands of these little feeders is nearly
as bad as throwing away bushels of
corn after it is harvested and safely
secured in the crib. An ignorant man
turned loose in a corn field can do
more damage in a day than four cows.
It is not necessary to maintain a deep
mulch. Merely maintain a thin blanket
of loose soil during periods of dry
weather. To this énd shallow cultiva:
tion may safely be continued even un-
til the corn begins to tassel.
season is particularly dry the dust
mulch will prove beneficial during the
later stages of growth, provided, of
course, that proper care is taken to
prevent damage to the roots near the
rows that are exposed to injury.
Conditions in nature vary so widely
that in our efforts to deal with weeds
and simultaneously maintain a blanket

 

 

DlVlDlNG STOCK PROFITS.

 

A furnishes team, tools and seed;
B, of course, does all the work for one
third of crops. Now A furnishes half
the cows and feed, and B furnishes the
other half. What share should B get
for doing the work of caring for the
milk? Is this the fifty~fifty plan? If
B owns his own cows and feed he
should have all the milk, I should
think. Then what would he get for
caring for A’s half of the cows?

Kent Co. Mrs. I. E. D.

As a general proposition I believe
that in all cases where an equal num«
ber of cows are furnished by A and B,
and fed from the crops grown on the
farm, and where A and B each furnish
one—half of the purchased feed, the
cash receipts from the sale of milk
should be divided equally.

If either party furnishes all of the
cows he should be allowed a certain
fixed sum, say $10 to $15 per cow per
year, for depreciation. In this way he
will receive compensation for his ad-
ded investment and the arrangement
will not affect the problem of dividing
the income from the milk.

In these days of high~priced labor, I
believe that, the land owner who fur~
nishes the land, buildings and cattle
can well afford to give a good tenant,
who furnishes his work teams and
farm tools, half of the milk money and
half of the cash crops. Other details
must be arranged by the parties a.c«
cording to distance from markets and
other factors which influence the cost
of putting the crops and products on
the market. The mere ownership of
the cows should not influence the divi-
sion of profits.

Where cows are kept on a farm 0p-
erated by a tenant, who does all of the
work and furnishes one-half of the pur-
chased feed, the increase in the herd
and the growth of the young animals
Should be a fifty-fifty proposition.

W. M. K.

GETTING THE RIGHT KIND OF
RESULTS.

 

The Four-County Cooperative Asso-
ciation of Chamberlains, and including
St. Joseph, Cass, Van Buren and Kai-
amazoo counties, was formed in De-
cember, 1917, with officers as follows:I
President, J. M. East; vice-president,
F. A. Ward; secretary-treasurer, Mas—
on Houts; manager, H. G. Shannon.
Since January 1, 1918, thirteen cars of
live stock have been shipped which
netted over $25,550. With a member
ship of seventy, and more joining after

 

each shipment, the prosrlects are good -
“5" > ti9 ”’9‘

 

| .
I You can do no better sar-
' vlcs to your country than to

usestsllos.‘ I I ‘ -
I. lllll.IIIl"',
- Thsl silo 'provldes for] the

preservation of the corn crop

in a palatablcland nutritious

form or loading stock. I I
| | m. I I l I I

Water lnclosod in plant
cells gives just the right com.
alstoney to the ration to bring!
the animal's digestive powers
up .tol maximum Icfllclsncy.
thus enabling the animals to
make more economical uso'of
I dry| foods. ' | l I

 

 

l I I ' V.I
‘ Compressing the products
of many,acras within a nar.
row compass and preserving
for indefinite lengths of time
the fresh, green, succulent
load that the animal systamI
I craves, is a tremendous boon
' to th lh'rc stock’lndustry.' , ‘
5, l ' I l
I Mlchiqanlfarmero who are
H turning ltheir attention tel
breeding beef cattle will find
their main standby and sourc
of profit 1n winter is silago.‘
_ ; Vl.l ‘ I l
*‘I” The sllo materially lowers
the cost! of producing meat.
and milkf and brings the full
measure 'oi ,returns fromI thel'
land and the corn crop.
I I . I IV" I I LI
Never before have We can
more emphatically [reminded
‘ of our dependence on mead
ows for lthe maintenance of .
I stock and since many of these
hovel partially iailed,I we
are forced to adoptlmeans to
offset theI loss. The silo looms
highest in the world of possl-I
blllTics. :3
I I I Will. II I
For feeding the lambs and
sheep the slim has paid sub-
stantial profits, and earned a I
large and increasing popular-
ity Iamong MichiganI flockmas- I
tore. ' ' I
I | . ‘. 1x. I II I

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

l

 

The: also who halo good
meadows andlsn abundancsI I -
of corn may get a large cashI I
revenue from [the meadows l
and carry his-stock through I ,
the winter chiefly on alleged
.. l ' l i l X l l l

"l’ho silo is Is practical in.
lsuranee against depletion oil I
soil fertility. ‘ it makes it poo '
sibls to iced more stock from|
fewer acres, thus adding to
the supply of farm—mums.-
1l l'llllLlllI

IiII'iIIeFouv‘saIIm XIII

 

 

   
 

 

 

 

 

 

of loose earth to protect the corn
plants from drouth, there is fine op-
portunity for the exercise of fine dis—
crimination and judgment on the part
of the farmer.

 

OATS FOR THE SILO.

 

I have been thinking of cutting up
oats when it is about half ripe, and
putting in the silo. Has this ever been

tried out or is it no good? I have tried-

clover, which is better than Coxnstalks
for milch cows. A. S. B.

The out plant is undesirable for sil-
age. Care must be taken in packing
the silage, if there is not sufficient air
left in the stem to cause mold. If
trampled thoroughly and sufficient wa-
ter added you can make good silage
out of oats. It should be weighted
down to exclude the air.

I would make the cats into hay and
feed them in that way, or let them rip~
en. Cut before they are dead ripe, and
the straw makes good fodder.

Clover is not an easy plant to make

into silage but this can be accomplish-
ed if pains are taken in trampin-g, but
clover made into silage is superior to
oats because it is almost equal in pro-
tein and packs better in the silo. Clo~
ver silage is better to feed dairy cows
than cornstalks. Clover matures at a.

time when it is easy to make hay.‘

Corn is the great silage crop. It keeps
well in the silo and matures at a time
of the year when it is difficult to care
for it in any other way. I“ think it
best to fill silos with corn if possible
and as we need dry forage to feed with
the silage, make plants that mature
when they are easily cured into hay
and fodder. COLON C. LILLIE.

DEVELOPING YOUNG ANlMALS.

 

(Continued from page 67).

During the first three weeksIof the
calf’s life from four to six quarts‘of
whole milk per day divided into three
feeds will give good results. There
after skim-milk, grain feeds and hay
may be profitably fed until the young
ster is six months old. Skim-milk
should play an important part in the
diet of the calf. One cannot afford to
omit skim-milk entirely, although pre-
pared calf foods may be used to sup-
plement a scant supply. When the calf
is three months old silage may be fed
once a day while at six months of age
it will make good use of two feeds of
silage each day. As early as possible
grain should be introduced into the
calf ration. One-halfa pound a day of
a mixture made up of equal parts of
cornmeal, wheat bran, ground oats,
with the bulls removed, and half a part

‘ of linseed meal constitute an excellent

calf ration.‘ The skim-milk and grain
ration- should be continued after the

calves are turned 6m: to pasture, unr . _
less grass is unusually good and they " I

, are old enough to Witch‘s: I .55"

If the ‘

 

as:

a“; a.
. Ls,

 

 

 


 

 

a. _____
,, “n“. ' ‘ .

 

 

Lime not only corrects soil acidity,
thus making it possible to grow nitro-
gen-gathering crops, but it makes it
possible for farmers ‘to derive maxi-
mum benefits from' the use of farm
manures and purchased fertilizers. One
of the most striking economic wastes
in American farming today results
from the purchase and use of commer-
cial plant foods before the chemical
and biological conditions have been
improved by the use of lime.

Lime not only renders the soil more
hospitable for nitrogen-gathering crops
but it liberates chemical elements in
the soil which otherwise would be un-

available for crop growth. This is a
point that Michigan farmers cannot
afford to overlook in these days of pot-
ash scarcity. Even'” on muck land many
truck growers are finding it necessary
to resort to the use of lime as a means
of liberating the potash necessary to

.make the use of other elements of

plant food profitable. 0n heavy clay
soils lime has a tendency to separate
the particles and make the soil more
retentive of moisture. On the other
hand, loose, sandy soils may be im-
proved by the use of lime, because in
this case the lime renders them more
compact and retentive of moisture.

 

1%” K«'\ g ' '

 

Yes, Sir! We Apologize to These Hogs'for Calling the “Huns” Swine.

Whe’at—J‘The Staff of Liberty”

(Continued from first page).
hard season, on which we can depend.
Prepare a Good Seed Bed.

Preparation of the seed bed for next

year’s victory crop should begin early,
just as soon as oats are harvested. Oat
land which is to be given over to
wheat should be plowed and worked
at intervals of ten days to two weeks
until planting'time. The land on which
spring-seeded crops have failed which
are not seeded to buckwheat or other
short season' crop, can be made to
yield good profit bythorough summer
‘fallowing in preparation for wheat.
Wheat starts off best on a seed bed
firm in the lower part of the furrow
slice and well worked at the surface.
To prepare this kind of seed bed re-
quires the use of roller and harrow af-
ter plowing, and several weeks for
proper settling. Where corn and beans
are removed sufficiently early, thor-
ough disking will fit properly.

-Many of last year’s failures haveoc-
curred on light soils of a nature not
well adapted to wheat. With the Ros-
en rye giving such splendid results, it
would be best judgment to put rye on
light lands or worn soils, keeping the
wheat on loams and clay loams and on
fairly fertile land.

' Severe injury from "joint worm has
occurred in many localities and in
these sections it would be advisable to
grow rye or a spring season crop rath-
er than wheat.

'Treat with Formaldehyde—Carefully.

The stinking smut occasionally caus-

es‘,gre'at "loss.”v Brope‘r seed treatment-

will-yeontrdl' this disease effectually; '1
T'Reports-have come to the~Agrieul-

tural‘ College of i'njur‘yjf'rom the con:

centrated, formaldehyde?" treatment
thrqush. panelessneSs ,in ' the treating.
When properly employed this: method
has, b‘een'rsho‘wn to vbea safe one but
litiis important to. follow carefully-the
Tdiizections‘; given sand treat § ‘

  

e ..

just, 990‘”?! , .
. ‘ :It, inf the sam' spirit _thatMiCh-igan .b’o'ys,
’.‘ drift in _ ms, fiend. mama's. next:

 

ed by the Bontany Department of M.
A. C. is as follows:

Use formalin or formaldehyde solu-
tion at the rate of one pint to fifty
bushels of grain, use one-half pint for
twenty-five bushels and for other
amounts in proportion. Put the fresh
formalin, just as it comes from the
druggist into a pint or quart hand-
sprayer and spray the grain which has
been spread out on the barn floor.
Spray the grain' as it is shoveled over
and over. Keep the sprayer close to
the grain and the penetrating odor of
the formaldehyde will give no discom-
fort. When the right amount of form-
alin has been applied, shovel the grain
into a heap and cover for exactly four
hours with bags, canvas or blankets.
The grain should then be spread out
for a few hours’ airing. It should be
sown at once.

The use of manure and acid phos-
phate and high phosphate fertilizers
cannot be too highly recommended.
Manure worked into surface at time
of preparing seed bed will give plants
a vigorous start and help protect dur—
ing winter. A light top-dressing of
strawy manure or straw, applied in
late fall or early winter, is a great pro-
tection and will often mean many
bushels in yield. Two hundred to three
hundred pounds per acre, drilled in at
time of seeding wheat will 0n the aver-
age Michigan soil give from two to
eight bushels in return.

-It is possible to summarize advice of
Michigan’s most successful wheat
growers in, the following sentence:
“Prepare seed bed early and work it
thoroughly, plant treated Seed of a
hardy variety at the. right date to se-
cure good top growth, fertilize with
acid phosphate orphigh- phosphate car-

rying fertilizer, and: manure, top-dress- , ‘
ing areas where winter-killing‘is likely "
'with straw or..strawy. manure.” Do

these things‘and- drill wheat next fall

W‘ _W131

THE MICHIGAN FARMER

Lime-Puts Kick in Fertilizerf

 

bearings; fans throw and blow to the top of the tallest silo, saving power.
and strong construction to serve and endure for many years. Sizes for 4 H. P. up.

SWAYNE. ROBINSON & C0.

 

 

 

------

 

i;
ofi

AVE stable manure. It’s worth a lot .of
money now. Either spread it when it’s
fresh and contains all its fertility, or pile it
where the losses will be smallest, and spread
it as soon as you can. Balance it with phosphate
if necessary, spread a little on many acres rather
than much on a few, but don’t waste a single lump.
Stable manure is working capital. With it you can get
bigger, better crops off the acres ourpresent help can
handle. Waste it, or neglect it, an you are losing an easy,
handsome profit, probably more than enough to pay for a new

Low Corn King, Cloverleaf, or

20th Century Manure Spreader.

These machines do the kind of spreading that has been
proved most profitable. They are all low, light draft, narrow
box, wide spreading machines, made in three handy sizes,
small, medium and large. They spread a full load in from
three to five minutes, in an even coat that extends well beyond
the rear wheel tracks. . .

Stable manure, properly handled, Wlll increase the crop
production from any soil. Buy one of these spreaders and
get that extra profit. See the machine at the local _dealer’s
place of business or write us for spreader information you
ought to have.

International Harvester Company of America

‘CHICAGO ““51““ U s A

_ Champion “Deed-3‘ McCormick Milwaukee ' Osborne

CulYfiurS‘ I 3
when it hkefldy

ILAGE cut when ready to be cut, is 100% silage. But silage that loses
nutritive value in the field because the custom cutter is late will not put
as much meat on your stock. The only way to make sure of having

100% silage and your silo filled from base to top, is to cut it yourself with the

“u ""1, .
0, I,
K ’1, ’
A P a R
.

PAT. OF E

u

 

”ml

Minimums

The cutter with four big patented features—Automatic Safety Yoke. protecting operator:
Cushion-Drive, protecting machine in its steel-plate case; Springless Compression Force-
Feed and rigid, aligned knife-adjustment. These features prevent costly delays and repair
bills; your silage is succulent and maid-proof because cut clean and fine with straight,
easily sharpened knives as fast as you can feed corn into the hopper. Solid disk runs in 3M.

Get catalog now and order immediately for early'shipment. Uncle Sam
:3 using 75% of the railroad tonnage. making early orders wise.

414 Main Street,

 

 

Steel-rail base

Richmond. Indiana

 

Buy the genuine.
LE ROY PLOW (:0.

Original MILLER

Bean ‘Harve'ster

Beware of imitations,

Le Roy, N. Y.

 
 
 
 
   
 

 

j . ,irwitL PAY YOU ‘ _ .
1., at . - ’2 1- -' * ,-,.
- whw~°'r°‘“rn‘dNamfifi‘il’m’ ‘9 Vii-”’9”

  
  

 

  

 
   
  

"int.“

 


 

    

72 -—8

ERE is a chicken house that has
H proved very efficient and satis-

factory in every way. It is built
in the monitor type, the sloping win-
(lows above allowing the sunlight to
fall directly on the roosts.

The scratching shed is 12x40, divid~
ed by poultry netting into four pens
10x12, each accommodating thirty-five
birds very nicely. These pens are op-
en on the south and the openings are
covered with poultry netting. They
have unbleached muslin curtains tack.

ed on hinged frames which can be let,

down. to keep out the snow when the
wind blows from the south. The cur-
tain on the end is shown down in the
picture. These frames hook to the
roof and are open during the days
even in very severe weather. We close
them nights in the winter in case of
snow. Our birds are not troubled with
frozen combs in the least. The pens
are connected by gates of netting.

The foundation is of concrete, the
scratching sheds have dirt floors cov-
ered deeply with litter, and the roost-
ing pens have concrete floors. The ex«
terior walls are stuccoed, and the in-
side walls of the roosting quarters are
plastered. The dropping boards are
made of solid concrete slabs which
were poured on the spot. The advan-

A Modern Stucco Hen House

tage of this is that they are perma-
nent, easy to clean, and mite-proof,
having no cracks.

Back of the roosting pens is a hall
three feet wide which runs the length
of the house. The nests are under the
dropping boards, and the eggs are
gathered from the hall, the back
boards of the nests letting down into
the hall. The water pans are in the
roosting pens, and thus do not get
scratched full of litter as they would
in the scratching pens.

The roosts are cleaned from the hall
through inward swinging doors of poul-
try netting at the back of the dropping
boards. These doors are eighteen
inches high and hinged at the top. The
frame work of the roosts in each pen
is hinged at the back and are lifted
up and hooked to the side wall While
the dropping boards are being cleaned.

The roosting pens are divided by
plastered walls. and from the hall by
poultry wire. There is a ventilator for
each pen in the back wall, which is
covered in winter with unbleached
muslin. The walls are always per-
fectly dry.

The small doors for the chickens be-
tween the roosting and the scratching
pens are controlled from the hall by
pulleys and a light rope.

 

 

 

Modern Stucco Hen House.

Whitewash the PoultryHouse

brood coops, etc., since they should be

The whitewashing of the poultry
house is something that should not be
neglected. Whitewash is an excellent
disinfectant. it keeps lice and vermin
away, makes the house lighter and
also gives it a neat and clean appear-
ance. It, is not expensive and lasts
well if prepared right. There are dif-
ferent methods of applying all of lhich
are very effective. Before beginning
the whitewashing, all cobwebs should
be swept down. The windows should
be taken out, all nesting material and,
in fact, everything movable should be
removed.

All cracks and crevices should be
soaked with the whitewash. Do not
put on sparingly but give the whole
house a good coating inside and out.
It is a good idea to go over the brood-
ers, brood coops and colony houses
often during the hot months. If this
is done there will be very little trou-
ble with lice and mites and the‘chicks
will be kept healthier. A good way to
prepare the -whitewash‘ is 'as follows:
OneEhalf bushel of unslaked lime slak-
ed in boiling water. Use enough wa-
ter to keep it covered during the slak-
ing process. Dissolve one peek of
common salt in boiling water. Boil
three pounds of ground rice and mix
with water to a thin paste. One pound
of clear glue dissolved in hot water
and one half pound of Spanish whit-
. ing. Add all these ingredients to the
slaked lime and thoroughly mix all to-
gether. Five gallons of water will be
required for this amount to make it
the right consistency. The whitewash
should be applied when as hot as pos-
sible. Never prepare more than can
be used the same day. It is best to
‘ prepare a cheaper whitewash for! the

gone over several times during the
year. This can be done by using only
the lime and salt. The glue and rice
makes the wash stick better and there-
fore it will not peel off so readily.
Ohio. CARRIE GALLIHER.

 

Summer Notes

Old hens in brood coops should be
furnished with green food to keep
them- in healthy condition. This can
be done by giving each hen a handful
of clover every day. Old hens become
more or less devitalized during their
time of confinement while brooding
young chicks, but if an effort is made
to furnish them with a balanced ra-
tion they will keep in fair condition
and be physically able to produce egg
when the chicks are weaned.

Sour milk is an important factor in
growing chicks rapidly but it must be
fed in clean dishes. The sanitary feed-
ers are useful in keeping dirt out of
the milk, but they must be scalded fre-
quently to keep them sanitary. Dirty
milk is unfit food for young chicks and
much trouble is necessary to keep the
dishes in fit condition.

During the hot weather the time
spent in weeding and cultivating man-
gels for the poultry will be well spent.
The green food not only helps in win-
ter egg production but it also keeps
the breeders in healthful condition to
perform their work during the next
year. It costs money to raise green
food for poultry, but experienced poul-
trymen soon find that it is due of the
most satisfactory factors in the ration.

Fill the water pails twice each day ‘

(Continued, on page 79).;

Atlanta. (in.
Charlotte. .\'. (7.
Baltimore. Md.

Nor folk.

REG.U.S . PAT.

‘ JUL§~27‘,-1918i V

or; F.

I»

Order [57/ Gaoafs/Vow
for Early 5290122912!

a;

F. S ROYSTER GUANO C0

TOLF DO, OHIQ ‘ .. f

t?
Columbia. S. ('13 ’

Slmrtunlnu'g, S. C.
Columbus, (in.
Montgmncry. Ala.

V II

 

to $30.

  

     

owan or Alberta.
2. I buohol and land so easy to get.
no. Borloy and Plant.

ghools and churches convenient. Write

reduced railway rum to

178 Jefferson Ave.,

      

45 bushels to tho aoro of $2.
the profits. Many Western Canadian farmers (scores of t em
from the U. S. ) have paid for their land from a single crop.
Such an opportunity for 100% profit on labor and investment is worth investigation.

Canada extends to you a hearty invitation to settle on her

FREE Homestead Lands of 160 Acres Each“

or secure some of the low priced lands' In M
Think what you can
Wonderful yields also of ,
Mixed Farmln: and cattle raising. ,
The climate is healthful and agreeable railway lacilitiel excellent, good

for literature and mini-ow no.
Supt. immigration, Ottawa.

M. V. McINNES,

onitobo. Sank-(oh-

Cuodinn Government Agent.

 
  
     
 
 
      
  

Profits

I W \‘lh‘jfiy‘ 3%“
RRRRRR “with

Wher in Western canoda Iyou can bu at from 515.
e per ncro good form lyond that will raise 20 to

whoat—it' 3 easy to fi

  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
   
 

moko with wheat at ;

Detroit, Mich.

\\ \\
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Delivered you FREE

Your 9h oico of“
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kiln“ color In the big new Free Cato-
oypn yall the freight charm
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as Free Trla

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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In your own town for u full month.
Dom not buyo until ayou ”mac‘s!“ our and

Factory-
roct-To-RIde

. .
TIRES ““fih’ifiiflffiéw
ii half usuala prices.

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

  

'“ifimkoa of bicycles d
No one else can
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SIND N'O

 

 

 
  

     

 

 

 

 

 

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tun
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Motor-bicycle

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._ “RED HOGK SEED WHEAT

I haveZSaorosof inspected Red Rock which will be
available for seed purposes as soon as it is throuhed.
Now is the time to give me vour orders.

Prices as fixed b\ the Michigan Crop Improvement;
Association III-933.50 501m: from 1to9 bushels lnclud
aive and 83.25 for 10 (bushels and up. Sntke extra.
Our fields are open for zour inspection any time.
Get your order‘in early. ucks 500 extra.

GEO. BURTEAU, R. 2. Allegan, Mich.

 

.F O R ‘ S A L E
Kiln Dried Salvage Grain

Barley, Oats & Wheat

Sand for Sample-

C. E. Dingwall Co., Milwaukee, Wis.

 

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LITERATURE my: FARM BOY

POETRY ma GIRL

1 HISTORY ana SCIENTIFIC an?
INFORMATION MECHANICAL

   

 

   

      
       
  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Excursion Boat Columbia with Five Hundred on Board Sinks in Illinois Eight Hundred School Children of London, England, Cheering Old Glory and
River After Striking a Sand Bar. the Union Jack Floating Side by Side in the Cause of Democracy.

.\

 

 

       

 

   

 

w‘ Pl
ifiid‘f'” i
‘i'
.l‘ . ‘
l‘ U A: ‘4, I) 3 W |
Girl Ushers, Latestlnnovation at Preparing a Pill for Fritz. The Boys of the Aviation Corps Sometimes Three Ships were Launched at New—
Make their Own Bombs. ark Bay Yards July Fourth. '

Baseball Games.

 

 

 

 

Country, All Types of Motor Vehicles Are Used in Rushing Allied Troops to Front in

Monster American-built Bombing Air-plane, Largest Built in this
Anticipation of German Offensive—(French Official Photo).

Being Launched at Elizabeth, New Jersey.

 
   

 

   

 

 

      
 

 
 
 

' U. S.’Soldiers Entrained for Front Line Trenches.—-—(French Official Photo),

c" _.r 0931"!“ 7“" nah?!“ & Underwood. New York , V ’7

V o, longs-and French Loading Huge

4A1

Shells on AmmunitionTrain.

   

 

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; ff“ ,‘ ». ' ” ’ , .1,

    


   

 

 

 

drum-“eastern

Copyright by Harper 81. Brothers

 
 
 
 
    
 
  
 

  
  
 

   
 
 

 

 

 

(Continued from last week).

Upon my return I was sent upon
patrol duty, looking this time for a
German machine gun emplacement
which had made itself very much dis-
liked. But to find a wellscreened ma-
chine gun position is not so easy. I
had considerable trouble seeing any-
thing from the elevation I was flying
at and finally descended to about sev-
enty-five feet. Meanwhile, my plane
had attracted the attention of the Huns
and their shells were bursting all
r.ro.:;:d me. It was very difficult under
these conditions to observe anything,
but I had an idea where the machine
guns were located. I went over the
ground a good many times, but seemed
unable to get the exact position. My
patrol perioc came to an end before I
had found the machine guns, but my
relief, to whom I gave whatever infor-
mation I had gathered, discovered that
the guns had been placed in the cellar
of a building that had been razed by
artillery fire. The information was
flashed back to a battery, and within

,a very little time that Hun machine
gun emplacement was no more.

When the position had been silenc-
ed, the observer took a photograph of
the scene and upon examination it was
found that eight machine guns had
been hidden in the cellar. Since each
of these guns could fire as many as six
hundred shots a minute and do terri-
ble havoc, the haul had been a good
one.

At 3:30 that afternoon I had another
assignment—contact patrol with the
infantry. Everything at that front was
in such a turmoil with shell fire and
smoke that I was able to see but few
features of the ground. All buildings,
and in some cases whole woods, had
completely disappeared, so that the
aerial observers were now obliged to
find a new set of landmarks. The
buildings and trees which in the past
had served as valuable marks to us
were gone. We began to realize that
in future we would have to be guided
by the things which heavy artillery
could not carry off—the hills, for in-
stance.

W’hile on contact patrol I took mes
sages until seven o’clock that night,
when I was relieved by another ma-
chine. I returned to the aerodrome,
made a general report and then tried
to eat dinner, but the excitement of
the battle had left my nerves in such
a condition that I could not swallow a
morsel.

At 8:30 I was given an order to
make a reconnaissance flight over
Hunland. This time I went up with
the commanding officer as pilot. We
flew over the Hun lines at a very low
altitude and approached a little village
just back of the German positions.
Near the village a relief party of Huns
was just entering the communication
trenches. We were so low that I could
take them under fire with the machine
gun, and I killed about thirty.

We then started towards the place
for which we were bound in quest of

the desired information. The trip was

quite successful and before long we
were sailing over No Man’s Land on
our return. But we were not home
yet. Of a sudden I had the sensation
of having been hit on the head with a
ghammer. For a moment I lost con.
' sciousness, but seemed to regain my
senses immediately.

When I was again in control of my-
self, I noticed that the engine had
stopped. I believe it was that fact
'which caused me to become conscious
again. I looked around at my pilot

.and saw that his face was covered

RHHHHHHHHHHHHHfiHAHHHHHHHHHH

with blood and that blood had also run
over his goggles. My first thought was
that he had been hit, and though he
was sitting upright in his seat and
seemed all right, .I made frantic signs-
to him to start the engine. This he did,
for a moment later the prepeller be-
gan to spin. I fell back intc my seat
and once more lost consciousness.

When next I regained my senses I
noticed that we were flying at a great
height. My eyes fell upon a large
wood which I recognized as one lying
immediately behind our lines. I was
still wondering why the pliot’s face
and goggles were covered with blood
and was making an effort to slide back
to him to find out what the matter was
when he motioned me not to stir and
stopped the engine, starting immedi-
ately gliding gently toward the ground.

“I’ll take you down,” said the pilot.

We had another place to go to and
though I was feeling very badly, I
thought we might be able to finish
the job.

“No, go on," I said.

The pilot did not reply. Instead, he
held the nose of the machine towards
the ground.

- Soon it became apparent that the
pilot had reconsidered, for I noticed

{has been operated'upon but m

 

that I could neither hear,- see, no:- talk;

. I was very Weak, and seemed unable

to think rationally. The slightest ef-
fort I made at reasoning caused some
of the factors which I wished to bring
into relation with one another to re—
ccde from my grasp. With my senses
of sight and hearing gone, I had to re-
ly entirely upon my sense of touch. I
eculd feel the nurses doing things
around my bed, but aside from that no
external impressions came to me. I
tried to make them understand what I
wanted, but such efforts were unavail-
ing. I supposed nobody could under-
stand the feeble movements of my
hands. Though the care that was giv-
en me seemed to be a matter of rou-
tine, it was, nevertheless, ample.

For two weeks that continued. My
bed had meanwhile been placed
against the wall in a Ward known as
the Turner Ward. I felt that windows
and doors had been opened for the pur-
pose of airing the room. Suddenly a
door near me was shut with a bang. I
did not hear that bang, of course, but I
felt the vibrations of it, which caused
me to jump, and as I did this I saw of
a sudden two rows of beds on either
side of the room. A nurse was coming
towards me.

The same instant my powers of
speech returned.

As I looked at the nurse the thought
came to me that possibly I was mistak-
en in all this. I had groped about in
the darkness so long that I was now
doubting the very things I beheld.

“Are you wearing a white apron and

 

the individual soldier has plenty

dier’s chances are as follows:
killed.

dying from them.

care at the front than at home.

from bullets;
from bullets.

country.

The Soldier’s Chance

Great as the danger and large as the losses in the aggregate

war unscathed, or at least not badly injured. .
Based on the mortality statistics of the Allied armies, a '801-

Twenty- -nine chances of coming home to one chance of being
Forty-nine chances of recovering from wounds to one chance of ’

One chance in five hundred of losing a limb.
Will live five years longer because of physical training, is freer
from disease in the army than in civil life, and has better medical

In other wars from ten to fifteen men died from disease to one
in this War one man dies from disease to every ten

For those of our fighting men who do not escape scatheless, the
government under the soldier and sailor insurance law gives pro
tection to the wounded and their dependents and to the families
and dependents of those who make the supreme sacrifice for their

of chances of coming out of the

 

 

 

that we were swinging back over Hun-
land. As we neared the ground I saw
that some of our men were engaged in
consolidating parts of a position they
had taken from the Huns.

The men in the trenches waved their
helmets at us, and just then a volley
of Hun bullets.came up through the
planes, making a noise like a snare
drum as they split the canvas. After
that we headed for general headquar-
ters wherefafter making my report, I
once more relapsed into unconscious
ness.

When next I was conscious I found
myself in the field dressing station.
They were bandaging up my head, and
somebody told me that my skull had
been fractured by a bullet. I was then
given the anti-tetanus treatment and
five days later I was an inmate of a

hospital on the French coast, the insti- .

tution in question being presided over
by the Duchess of Westminster.

I was operated upon twice and' each
time pieces of bone had to be removed.
I was unconscious the greater part of
the time. One morning I, awoke in an-
other place and learned upon inquiry
that I was in a hospital in England
and that within a few days I would
have to undergo another operation.

The next time I came to my senses

a blue dress ?" I asked the nurse.

Instead of answering my question,
the woman ran off, and I heard her
call a doctor.

Within thirty minutes I was once
more on the operating table.

When the effect of the anesthetics
left me, I was indeed grateful to dis-
cover that the senses which had de-
serted me for a while were still with
me. I could see, hear and talk. These
functions were still impaired, I discov-
ered, and for a- while I was tortured
by the thought that again I might
lapse into my former helpless position.
Gradually, however, I managed to get
them under better contrbl, and before

long I felt that my physical vigor was'

also returning.

While at the hospital, I learned a
great deal of our old squadron. Its
men had not fared well. “Little” Jow-
ett, I learned, had been accompanied
by a corporal gunner when their ma—
chine was brought down by the Huns.
The gunner had been taken prisoner.-

Jimmie, a Canadian chap, had been
wounded and it was believed that he
would be permanently crippled. Ran-
die had been killed. Old John and his
pilot, Captain Burney, two of the best
men living." had gone down. "Fat”

Brennan, anather Canadian. had, been .

shock and Bolitho had been killed. Six
members of the original squad were
still alive; all the others had been take
en- on their lastilight. I also heard
that the-squadron commander, one of
the best in the World, had been pro«
moted to be a wing commander.

There is no doubt that war is exact‘
ly what'Sherman said it was. You see
a pal one day and the next day he is
either dead or missing. But often they
made mistakes in the casualty list.
Once for ten months I was left under .
the impression that a good friend of
mine had been killed. Really he had
been taken prisoner by the Huns. I
met him in a hotel in London, and had
some trouble making sure that he was
really the man I knew. The same
thing happened to me. My name an
peared on the casualty list among the
missing several times. Then when I
would show up at some aerodrome ev-
erybody would wonder why I wasn’t
dead. The worst of it was that my old
mother received cables of my being
wounded or killed on five different oc<
casions. The trouble in my instance
was that in so big a crowd as an army
almost any given name is found
a good many times; and then generals
ly somebody has the knack of thinking
that the particular Smith or Jones who
has been killed is the one he knew.
There were times when it‘was indeed
difficult to keep track of one’s friends
because the casualty lists were so
large. '

I received the best of care in the
English hospitals and in two weeks af-
ter my last operation I was able to"
walk around quite well. After that I
started in search of my baggage, which
had not been delivered to me. Before
long I found what was left of it. The
thing that hurt me most was that all
my good I-Iun souvenirs had been tak-
en, and I was never able to trace one
of them.

 

CHAPTER XV.
Learning to Fly.

PON my discharge from the hos-
U pital, I reported to the general

in charge in England, and he, af-
ter reading the report of my case, ad-
vised me not to fly any more. It took
considerable pleading on my part to
induce the officer to retain me in the
service. But after a heart-to-heart talk
I induced him to let me remain in the
Flying Service. For the time being I
was to be sent to a school of instruc-
tion, where I was to be initiated in the
art of operating a machine myself. The
course I was to take included the the-
ories of aviation, construction of ma-
chineh flight rigging, operation, and
general 'flying and mechanics as ap-
plied to air motors. To this was added
meteorology and physics, bombing, and
such things as wire splicing and the
other little odds and ends one has to
know in order to keep an airplane in
good trim. I passed the examination
easily enough.

Having had some experience in ac-
tual flying and fighting at the front, I
was later required to do some lectur-
ing in different classes. Thouth had
never lectured before and had some
difficulty addressing a class, I soon
managed to gain some proficiency’in
this. My lectures covered the work I
had done in France, such‘as observa-
tion for artillery, contact" patrol, and
aerial fighting. There was no school
of aerial gunnery on the training
ground in question, and for that rea—
son my lectures interested the'stu«
dents very much.

, I found that many of the men at the.

school were of, my turn of mind when
I,was in Canada. Every one of them
wanted to get to the'front and fight.
and gave little thought to the fact that
before a man can fight ,he must be in:
structed and trained. Coming in cone
tact with this tendency asran instruc-
tor I new began to realize wha a tile}
(Continued gar page" '17).

 

littered. . hell

 
   
  

 

 

 

 

 
 

   
  
      


 
   

 

   
   

 

 

 

‘ glinmmmlIilmmummnI‘I"mmnmnninmiinmmunnumiminnmmnnmnnmnflng'
g .
e 4“ ‘ _ VV‘ )7 :’
fimmummuwummumummnummmunumnuuumuumImuImmnmxmnnnummmfi

UNAMIGI'NATIVEa

A teacher observed what she thought
a lack of patriotic enthusiasm in one
of the boys under her instruction.

 

‘ ins—gull”

“Now, Tommy,” said she, “tell us

what you would think if you saw the

Stars and Stripes waving over the field
of battle.”

“I should think,” was the logical re-

ply of Thomas, “that the wind was
blowing.”

 

ALMOST ENOUGH.

 

A woman came into a photographer’s
studio in San Francisco the other day
and said to the proprietor:

“Do you take children’s photos?"

“Yes, certainly, madam."

“How much do you charge ?”

“Five dollars a dozen."

“Well,” said the woman, sorrowful-
iy, “I shall have to see you again. I’ve
only got eleven.”

 

Patience without push is not a vir-
tue, but a vice.

“Did your children get through the
Fourth all right?”
“Yes, fortunately they Were both
down with scarlet fever.”

PATRIOTIC LITTLE JACK.

 

Little Jack Horner

Sat in a corner

Eating a cracker made of wheat,
corn meal, molasses, peanuts, alfalfa,
kafir, ragweed and sage brush,

And said, “What a martyr am I.”

 

DRAWING THE LINE.

 

A Doctor of: Divinity, on his way

home to dinner one day, meeting one '

of the divinity students, cordially in-
vited the young man to accompany
him, adding that he did not know as
there would be much to eat. The in-
vitation was accepted, and immediate-
ly upon being seated at table the doc-
tor commenced carving a boiled ham
that was doing duty for the second or
third time.

“Why, my dear,” exclaimed his wife
in surprise, “You have forgotten some-
thing. You have not asked the bless-
ing.”

“Yes, I have, too,” sharply reSpond-
ed the doctor. “I‘ve asked the Lord to
bless this old ham all I’m going to.”

SOM E WITNESS.

 

The prosecuting attorney had en-
countered a somewhat difficult wit-
ness.

Finally he asked the man if he was
acquainted with any of the men on

the jury.

 

days in the Fall welcome ones

It took three years to
process. Special paper

it. positively

 

   
    

  

 

A WE
shellsin his pockets. Remington

Wetprooi Shotshells do not require fair weather to
right through the gun. They may be exposed to wet
can not get in. can not swell them. soften the turne
them around in the wettest coat pocket can not scuff them.

This is something every farmer who
loves duck hunting will learn with
profit— it will make those idle wet:

These are the first completely wetproof
shotshells—an exclusive featu re of the

Remington UMC “Arrow" and ”Nitro Club'
brands for shooting right.

shell bodies. a special formula discovered for com-
pounding the right combinations of waxes and oils.
new machinery developed for applying the water-
proofing so as to work it into the shell as a part of

wet. and new methods devised for giving
the shell the same right finish as before.

WOOLWORTH BUILDING

T day isindeed a good day ior duel:

were

for Shooting Right

perfect this waterproofing 1n bendem

had to be produced for the

In Hack powder,
reliable “New
Wetproof sealed

and top wad.

sealing it against hours of

Sold by Hardware and Sporting Goods Deaer in. Your Nearest Town
on with REM OIL. the com-

hricant and Rust Preventive

Keep your gun in best conditi
binstion Powder Solvent, Lu

THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC

CARTRIDGE COMPANY. Inc.

Liv-put Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World
NEW YORK CITY

\ . .
Wetprooi Steel Lined Shot Shells

s to the hunter who has the right shot-

UMC Smokeless

for hours but will not soak through—*the water
d-over end or bulge the top wad.
Remington

MNitro Club" Steel Lined Speed Shells. at the regular
price. and you get the new VVetproof feature thrown
A shell that is sure fire,
best pattern and most penetration. and has in addition
the wonderful quality of staying dry as dust inside
and hard and smooth as
to the wettest weather conditions.

 

 

 

 

  
   

  
  
  
 
 
 
 
   
    
     
    
   
    
     
       
        
       
       
       
    
     
     
    
    
     
    
   
     
    
    
   
   
    
      

 

  

 
 

"Arrow“ and “Nitro Club”

keep in good condition and worl:

Mauling

UMC makes them right.

The result is virtually a new type of
shell. embodying the most important
improvement in shotshell manufac-
ture in over a decade.

You just buy the same old favorite

Remington UMC “Arrow ' or
gives top speed.

glass outside even when subjected

buy the old
Club." now

at turnover

 

    

W“ _. ' “T“
in" ‘l\//‘ -~~ _._._ ,_ E‘“ ’ k \

 

 

  

 

  

   

 

‘ . _ -\
_, writ-"ll I

 

      

. 5 "”PV'ZI” [’1‘
' W5/J/mfa/flllgefi.
7

\b‘

  
   

\m‘sm

\

additions to our

..M\\

* pU LVERIZED

 
   
       
     

M

x

 

How can any progressive farmer afford to hesitate about applying land lime.
when every farm authorityurges the use of lime and is able to prove its advantages?
It. Will pay to .specify Solvay Pulverized Limestone,
contains such a high percentage of carbonates, that it will provide maximum
results at a minimum cost.
We are now able to take care of your Fall requirements because extensive

equipment are now in operation.

Ask us to sendyou Litmus for you to use in making a soil test.

SOLVAY PROCESS COMPANY, 580 West Jefferson Ave., Detroit, Michigan

because it is so fine and

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  

 

        

 

    

 

 

 

“Yes, sir," announced the witness,
"more than half of them.”

“Are you willing to swear that you
know more than half of them?” de-
manded the lawyer.

“Why, if it comes to that, I’m wine;

ing to swear that I know more than
. 9f them put twain-8133'”,

\.r

a:

For Your Empty Bags

: ‘ Don’t throw away ssm shag—-

L they’re worth money to you. nees are
~ 'wny up now. Cash in on all you have.
But be sure you get: our pnces belors
on sellaslngle one.We annbpemost
. 0ver2 years in bull—

[me

HAN s e co. ‘
3‘ W

 

electric light in your home?
Do You want for circular describing the
COMPLETE QUALITY PLANT on the market.

ESSANDEE CORPORATION. 120 W. Monroe. Chicago

  
  
  
 

ofl‘; 225 Acre Farm $1200

Borders Sparkling Lake

halt-mile shore iront.1 Convenient. stores, school,
church, post. (mice in fine farming suction and resort

 

 

of summer visitors. Dark loam tillage, brook-watered.

 

Farms and Farm Lands For Sale

   

wire-tenced pasture. estimated 23000 cords wood, more
than pay {or farm; local demand for pasture at, $5 per
head; 2000 sugar maples. 7-room cottage, blgvbarn.
many camp sites. Distant owner sacrifices 81200,
$700 down. easy terms. All details page ZStrout's

 

dairy farms in Michigan on shore of in

Kalamazoo Co., '3 good houses.
caliber-1120x100. 2 large silos,
rain (needed). 15 corn," '4) Mia]

. _ _ .

_ acres. 70d:
m LONG‘ EACH FARM Aug a.

Farms For Sale or Rent

FOR SALE— One of the oldest and best equippe

G Lsk
dairy bum 39 x hi)
all cement. blocks; 266
fo. 1‘! an lee.

   
  
  

Catalogue of this and other (arm bargains many with
stoc , tools, crops included, mailed tree.
E.A. STROUT FARM AGENCY, .

Dept. 101, 150 Nassau St... New York, N. Y.

FOR SALE

ions daily.

6.

 

240 acre dai farm fully oqui .,.
, pod Wlth'ml k route. fifty as . v f
For portion are "Ito owner ., ._;

H. M. HAVE. Laurie‘s. Mich.

. I

 
         
       

    

 

 


game-“s

97.1,

x ‘, a.»

:‘fii‘

: “-74%:115'

   

' past draft age.
.ty. She smiled and waved as long as
the train was in sight, but I don’t be-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

F

 

34%;:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

‘3

 

Grace Learns a New Lesson In Patriotism
B y D -E B O R A H

H'E drive home from Lansing

.was made in silence so far as

speech goes. In the front seat
with John, Grace Ludlow was quite op-
enly crying, while John himself had a
suspicious moisture about his eyes and
his mouth was closed in a firm, grim
line. Aunt Ann, in the rear seat, were
her usual expression of peace, coupled
today with even more courage and
trust. They had been to Lansing to
watch the boys leave for Custer. Five
hundred lads, twenty-five from their
own community, had entrained that
morning with usual accompaniment of
cheers mingled with laughter—laugh-
ter which drowned out tears. But now
that it was over and the boys could no
longer see them, what was the use of
keeping up? So Grace thought, and so
she Wept freely and relievedly as she
went over the scenes of the morning.
Boys she had played with in childhood
and danced with in girlhood were go-
ing away to be blown up by submar-
ines or shot down by murderous Huns,
maybe bombed in hospitals, in order
that she and their mothers and sisters
and sweethearts and Wives might live
on in America unmolested. Only a
stony-hearted pro-German wouldn’t cry
——Grace sniffled quite audibly as she
looked back and caught sight of Aunt
Ann’s calm face and dry eyes.

They turned into the lane and stop-
ped at the door before a word was
spoken. Then Grace dried her eyes
and insisted on Aunt Ann’s coming in
to breakfast—they had gone with only
a glass of milk as a “bracer.” Inside
a kettle was soon bubbling and Aunt
Ann put on plates and silver while
Grace hustled about the kitchen see-
ing “what she could pick up,” as she
at last exchanged tears for conversa-
tion.

“Did you see Clyde Brown’s mother
after he left her?” she stopped as she
put the plate of sugar-coated dough-
nuts near John’s right hand. The plate
was heaped, ten of them for the three.
Aunt Ann couldn’t have helped count-
ing them if a Hun had stood by with a
hand grenade aimed at her head. “I
thought she was going to faint away,
she got so white,” Grace rattled on.
“But she never shed a tear, and he’s
the last she’s got.” She hustled back
to the kitchen to return again with
white bread sliced for toasting and a
"pat of her own golden butter.

“Mary Anderson was there, too, with
her six-weeks—old baby, to see Nat go.
She’ll have to go and live With his
mother now,” she continued the neigh-
borhood gossip. “It seems a crime to
send a man that’s needed as bad as
Nat is, and a bunch of lazy loafers
hanging around the depot watching
him go, left behind because they are
V Mary‘certainly is grit-

lieve she knew what she was doing.”

7, 5”’From the oven came a whiff of gra-
, 11am gems, puffy and deliciously sfiveet
and just the right shade of brown,
,Aunt Ann knew they'd be.
game were all the word implies. A ‘
' 31089:? W term w 80].].

Grace’s

salt.

   

with them, while in the kitchen Grace
deftly hulled fresh strawberries, pick-
ed in the early dew before she left.

“I won’t boil the eggs till John
comes in, he likes them right out of
the water and just three minutes to a
second,” she announced as she bore in
a pitcher of yellow cream and a plate
of her favorite four-egg sponge cake
covered with almond icing. “I’m good
and hungry after that long ride, and
we might as well eat even if the boys
have gone away. John says if we raise
it we’re going to have our share first.
I guess frcyn all accounts they aren’t
starving in France yet. I’m certainly
glad we drove in, though,” she switch-
ed back. “I wouldn’t have missed it
for anything even if it is heart-break-
ing to see all our best boys marching
off while the riff-raft are left behind.
Isn’t it inspiring to think they are
ready to give their lives for freedom?”

John’s entry into the kitchen at that
moment saved Aunt Ann the necessity
for speech, Indeed she could have
hardly replied, her heart and mind
were too full of the scenes she had

just witnessed, behind them, the shad-
owy silhouettes of the boys of ’61. It
was all too big, too near for her to
chatter about, but she could view
Grace’s youthful effervescence with
tolerance. Even so had she bubbled
when the friends of other days left the
same station. Yes, the chatter was
forgiveable, but, Aunt Ann looked at
the piled-up white bread, the dough-
nuts innocent of substitutes and coat-
ed thick with sugar, the cake made of
pure wheat flour and piled high with
icing, she sniffed the graham gems and
sighed. Grace and John meant to be
thorough patriots. But did they get
the real meaning of the word? John
would never seek exemption when his
turn came and Grace would send him
away, dry-eyedand smiling. But, some-
how, they couldn’t see the work to be
done right here in the home trenches.

“I’m as hungry as a wolf,” John
seized a doughnut and bit off a gener-
ous section without waiting for cere-
mony. “Are these all the fried cakes
you’ve got? Gee, I could eat ’em all
myself.”

Cakes for War Times

During war times we can eliminate the rich, fancy cakes from our diet
and substitute in their place plain loaf cakes and sponge cakes that are made

largely from wheat and sugar substitutes.
The following recipes have been tried out

quire an additional cup of sugar.
and found satisfactory:

Barley Spice Cake.

 

1,5 cup fat,

2/3 cup sugar,

1 cup corn syrup,

3 eggs,

$4 cup of milk,

1 cup raisins,

3% cups barley flour,

6 teaspoons of baking powder,
(level),

1 teaspoon salt,

1 teaspoon cinnamon,

1 teaspoon allspice,

% teaspoon cloves,

1 teaspoon vanilla.

Cream the fat and sugar, 'add beaten
egg yolks. Add the syrup and mix

well. Add alternately the liquid and-

the dry ingredients sifted together.
Add the flavoring and fold in the well-
beaten egg whites. Bake for One hour
in a moderate oven.
Corn Flour Sponge Cake.
4 eggs,
2 tablespoons lemon juice,
17$ teaspoon of salt,
' 1 cup sugar,
1 cup corn‘ ’flour,
$5 teaspoon baking powder.
Separate the whites and yolks of
eggs, beat yolks until thick and lemon
colored; then add the lemon juice and
Add sugar -and beat until light.
Fold in the well-beaten whites of eggs
and the sifted Corn flour and bake'in a.

 

  

Do not use rich icing that will re-

Chocolate Cake.
% cup fat,
1%; cup sugar,
1 cup corn syrup,
3 eggs,
% cup milk,
2 cups corn flour,
l/é cup ground rolled oats,
6 teaspoons of baking powder,
(level),
2 squares chocolate,
1 teaspoon cinnamon,
1 teaspoon vanilla,
1 teaspoon salt.
Follow same directions for making
as for the Spice cake.

\ Individual Corn Flour Sponge Cakes.

 

1 cup sugar,
3 eggs,
1 tablespoon cold water,
2 tablespoons lemon juice,
1 cup corn flour, ‘
% teaspoon baking» powder,
1,4 teaspoon salt;
Separate yolks and whites of eggs.
Beat the yolks until creamy, add sug-

ar, lemon juice and water and beat uni

til very light. Add the twice sifted
mixture of corn flour and baking pow-

der and blend thoroughly. Finally fold‘

in the stiffly beaten whites of the eggs.
Bake in muffin tins, filling: only h

   

“I guess you 11 find enough to eat ”
Grace passed him his coffee and rush-
ed gems and eggs to him before she
started the electric' toaster. These
gems aren’t as good as usual, Aurit
Ann. I’ve tried to get John to eat
cornmeal muffins but he says his stom-
ach wasn’t made for chicken feed. He
says let the Southerners eat it, they’ re
used to it. But if we raise the Wheat
we’ re going to have what we want
of it.”

“Yes,” broke in John. “I don’t get
much in this world, and I’m going to

have what I want to eat as long as I.

raise it myself. I never did like mess-
es and substitutes. Let folks eat oleo
that can’t get Grace’s butter,” as he
spread at least two ounces on a half
slice of bread. “We should worry
about fats, eh, Grace ?”

“Did you see Mrs. Holliday there?”
Grace broke in before Aunt Ann could
do more than wonder if the boys who
had left would learn to like/trench life
with its filth and danger. “What a lot
she does to help win the war. She's

in charge of the Red Cross knitting, *

chairman of the thrift stamp sale com~
mittee, in charge of the French war
relief work two days out of the week,
and now she’ s getting up that big baz-
aar and has plunged into the boys’ and
girls’ club work besides. No one can
question her patriotism, if her father
was-born in Prussia.”

“You wouldn’t think so,” Aunt Ann
waved back the golden toast Grace of-
fered, ”and yet I overheard two of her
grand- children discussing it doubtfully
just yesterday. ”

“You did?” Grace and John explod-
ed in a breath. “Don’t tell us she is in
touch with Berlin and just doing this
work for a blind.” ,

“Well, not directly in touch with
Berlin, but helping them to the best of
her ability " Aunt Ann paused and
Stiired her coffee thoughtfully. “The
children were wondering how grand-
ma could ever get up and urge folks
to buy thrift stamps and liberty bonds
and her with one hundred pounds of
wheat flour hidden in the attic and the
government begging us not to eat
wheat till the next harvest.” ‘

“Well, the idea,” Grace exploded, "I
should say as much. The nerve of
her, and here she was lecturing just
last week because I didn’t knit, and
me with all I have todoi”

“Well, I don’t know,” Aunt Ann’s
eyes calmly inventoried the white
bread, the graham—wheat—gems, the
doughnuts and white cake, “I imagine
she is quite logical about it. I suppose
she argues that if she has the money
to pay for it she has the right to buy

it. Let folks eat substitutes who can’t'

afford to buy twice as much cereal as

they need in order to get the white

flour I belieVe women like her argue
that all they have is what they eat,
and they eat so little they are entitled
to the best. Leave the messes and

substitutes for the folks Whof'can’t get ,_ ‘
anything els6.. ” ' ‘

    
   

 

M~.«

  

 

  


  

   

   

.U‘)

 

 

 

 

“‘She buys it and hoards it and keeps

it away from poor folks.”

“And ybu raise it yourself and eat
it and keep it away from poor folks.”
Aunt Ann pursued her point. “I’ve
been trying honestly and earnestly all
spring‘and summer to see the differ~
ence, but I confess I’ve had to give up.
I can’t see the difference between the
two ways.”

“Well, I can,” John insisted. “I raise
the stuff and I’ve got a right to what I
want of it. I don’t see why I should
starve if I’ve got the stuff right in my
granary to eat.”

“Starve?” Aunt Ann smiled at the
loaded table. “Would you starve with
buckets of milk and plenty of fresh
eggs, potatoes, oatmeal, rice, chickens,
fresh vegetables and a garden full of
growing stuff? Do you think eating

rye bread, cornmeal muffins and barley .

sponge cakes Would bring you to that
pass, when you have loads of things
you do like to help you out? Of
course, you’ve the right to eat what
you want, and the folks on small salar-
ies have the right to argue that they
earn the money and needn't buy lib<
erty bonds with it. But if they did
you would be one of the first to shout
‘slacker.’ We all have the right to
refuse to do our bit of sacrificing, but
suppose we all did. We might as well
send the boys over armed with wooden
guns. They seem to be the only ones
who haven’t any rights just now. The
draft doesn’t leave them much to say
about the chance to save their lives,
but the rest of us are all careful to
hang on to our sacred privileges.”

"Well, I’ve always had what I want-
ed to eat and I’m always going—”
John began.

“No you’ re not, John Ludlow, ” Grace
broke in. “You’ re going to begin eat-
ing war bread and potato fried-cakes
today. Here’s where the Ludlow’s get

out of Mrs. Holliday’s class and train ,

with real Americans. Aunt Ann has
opened my eyes, and I prided myself
on being one hundred per cent patriot.
Can you lend me some rye flour Aunt
Ann, till John can get to town?”

 

CARE OF THE WINDOW AND DOOR
SCREENS.

 

BY MRS. c. GALLIHER.‘

Quite often too little attention is giv-
en to~the window and door screens,
and therefore the screening of the
house is quite an item, which if the
proper care be given them they can be
made to last several seasons.

They should be given a coat of paint
when brought into use in the spring.
A little linseed oil placed on a rag and
the wire screens rubbed thoroughly on
both sides with it, several times dur-
ing the summer and again when the
screens are removed and stored away
for the winter, will be found sufficient
to preserve and keep them from be
coming rusty.

It is also necessary to give the
frames a coat of paint .or varnish in
order to preserve them. They should
if possible be stored in a dry place
when not in use. A great deal of an-
noyance will be avoided and many dol-
lars will be saved if screen door! and
Windows are thus cared for.

 

.T'HE “BEEF RING.”
1

 

One way to have a supply of fresh
meat in summer, if not convenient to
the butcher shop is for a number of
farmers to form a beef ring. The Ag.
ricultural Extension Department of the
North Dakota Agricultural College has
issued Bulletin No. '5, which‘ explains
the beef ring, giving a constitution and
by-laws and explaining just how a beef

ring is operated.

For very hot nigh-ts try rolling a cot-
t and slipping a pillow, cass

 

_." .yv-

A ' Flying Fighter

(Continued from page 74).

I must have been in my recruit days.

We had a Scotchman at the school
who was of the regular daredevil va-
riety. ' Discipline meant absolutely
nothing to him. There was no order
that he would obey and the result of
it was that his troubles never ended.

We had been quartered in an old
English Hall. The buildings, laid out
on the lines of a‘ U, had been erected
many centuries ago, I was told, and
the lawn in the yard was looked upon
as something highly venerable for the
reason that it had been planted by the
original owner of the place. The re-
cruits, who were a rather tough lot,
had acquired the habit of using that
lawn as a playground. To this the
present owner objected, with the re-
sult that the commanding officer had a
sign put 'up prohibiting trespass on the
lawn under a penalty of five shillings
for each offense.

McCray, the Scotchman in question,
was in the habit of rushing across this
lawn whenever he wished to reach the
dining-room. He had done this one
morning at breakfast. The command
ing officer saw him, administered a
stinging reprimand, and wanted to col—
lect the fine. McCray reached into his
pockets and finding that he had noth-
ing smaller than a ten-shilling note
gave it to the commanding officer with
the words:

“Here's ten bob! Take it and I’ll
walk across it once more after I've had
ma’ breakfast, as I don’t want to be
late for the first class, sir."

The commanding officer warned him,
but McCray walked across the lawn
all the‘same. There is no doubt that
the lot of the officer training recruits
is not the easiest onecan imagine.

After passing my examination, I was
sent back to France to learn practical
flying with the Royal Naval Air Ser-
vice Squadron. I was gratified to find
that it did not take me long before I
could handle a machine. I had gained
considerable experience in flying as
an observer. The machines we had
used at the front had a double set of
controls, so that observers were able
to get their hand in gradually. These
machines also were fitted with ma—
chine guns that did not synchronize
with the propeller, and although the
observer had to do most of the fight-
ing, there were times when the pilot
had to operate the wireless. In this
case the observer was entrusted with
steering the plane.

I learned to fly on a Cauldron, a
French typeof machine with a radial
engine of 100 H. P. and a warp con‘
trol. After an hour’s flight with an in-
structor, I made my first solo flight——
that is, I went up alone. I found that
I had little trouble handling the ma-
chine, and made a good landing.

On my second flight I tried my best
to break the squadron’s altitude rec-
ord, which was then 11,000 feet. I was
up for nearly two hours, and reached
an elevation of 10,500 feet-when
“bang!” went the revolution counter.

That did not worry me, however.
The engine showed no sign of having
been impaired and kept on running. I
decided to climb some more.

I was quite a ways above the clouds,
in the 'eternal blue, when all of a sud:
den the engine stopped. Well, that
made a lot of difference. There are
no places in the air to which one can
throw an anchor, so there was nothing
that could prevent my coming down
suddenly.

I tried _to locate the trouble, but
found that keeping the machine on an

[even keel would occupy me entirely
'without giving any attention to the

motor. I began to dive. It so harps

.f' pens that. a Cauldron has no gliding

, T H E TMIC H m A 151' "jr‘h’RfiM ‘E 115.

famous Trappist M

 

 

    

 

Wednesday, July 17.
Germans are defeated in their at-

tempts to advance east of Rheims.
French and American troops push on
and take heights south of the Marne.
Yanks for the present hold the door to
Paris, and United States reinforce

ments are getting into action eastward '

towards Rheims.

Czecho-Slavs‘ have defeated the Red
Guards west of Irkutsk and the com-
missioners are fleeing to Mongolia.

Japanese battle ship Kawachi blew
up and sank in Tokoyama Bay July
12. Five hundred of the crew were
lost.

The Grand Rapids, Grand Haven &
Muskegon Railway, an interurban line,
applies for writ of injunction to fight
the two cent fare.

Thursday, July 18.

The French retake strongholds near
Rheims. Yanks stop each thrust of
the enemy and smash ferward. The
situation is generally regarded as ex
cellent for the Allies.

Thirteen Teuton fliers fall behind
the American lines.

Some 500 persons reported dying of
cholera daily in Petrograd. The dis-
ease is spreading to Finland.

Of the 637,927 American troops car.
ried to Europe since April 1, 350,956
were carried on British ships.

German rulers force the resignation
of Austria's Premier von Seydler, be«
cause of his advocacy of Emperor
Charles’ right to administer Poland.

Friday, July 19.

The Allies begin an offensive from
the region 'of Soissons to the north-
west of Chateau Thierry, American
and French troops capture twenty
towns and gain brilliant victories
along a twenty-eight mile front, wound«
ing and capturing thousands of Ger~
mans and large stores of ammunition
and supplies. It is reported that the
Americans take fifty cannon and 3,300
men at one point. The whole Ameri<
can nation rejoices over the Yank
triumph.

Lieutenant Quentin Roosevelt, son of
ex-President Roosevelt, reported killed
when his aeroplane fell behind the
German lines. Is now thought to have
landed safely and is probably a pris‘
oner of the Germans.

New York republicans ask Colonel
Theodore Roosevelt to enter the race
for governor of New York.

Saturday, July 20.

Enemy reserves fail to stem Allied
smash, as they widen their attack and
penetrate the foe line from three to
seven miles, 360 guns are taken and
17,000 captives counted, while others
are streaming back from the front. A
bigger smash will doubtless follow the
present attack, and Foch is now well
prepared and will in all probability
launch a major offensive to drive the
Germans from French soil.

U—boat torpedoes the United States
cruiser San Diego. Ship goes down off
Long Island; all hands are saved.

Allied world to pool food. Hoover
is now in England to meet with food
administrators of the Allied nations to
arrange for the pro-rating of food sup-
plies to prevent shortage.

Austria confesses a fear of America.
Newspapers say Germany must get de-
cision in battle before more troops
arrive.

Sunday, July 21.

Violent attacks by General Foche’s
forces on the German right flank south
of the Marne,
mans to retreat across that river. At
the same time smashing counter at~
tack after counter attack, the Allies
are still sweeping forward, rolling up
the German armies between the Aisne
and the Marne. It is thought in mili-
tary circles that the high mark of Ger-
man offensive has been reached and
that the initiative now is passing to
the Allied armies.

A head-on collision between a pas--
senger limited car and a freight car on
the D. U. R. traction line occured
near Chelsea, Michigan, this afternoon.

Twelve are reported killed and forty- '

seven injured.

Major Theodore Roosevelt has been
slightly wounded and is in a hospital
in Paris.

Monday, July 22.

Victories for Allied arms in France
continue to multiply. Over the entire
sixty mile front from Soissons to
Rheims the. Allied troops are steadily
gaining ground.

U- boat shells four boats off the New
England coast, three barges were sunk:
and three men wounded. Three sea.-
planes attacked the submarine but
were unable to do serious damage, be
fore it submerged and headed south.

Sunday’s heat was reported not only
the hottest day of the year but in De-
troit where the temperature registered
103 degrees it was the hottest July 21
in forty-five years.

Several anarchists and I. W. W.’s
were captured in a big Sunday raid at
a roadhouse near Detroit. They were
wearing their crimson emblem and
making inflammatory speeches.

Tuesday, July 23.

At the end of the fifth day of Foch’s
counter offensive the Allies are still
advancing on all fronts, although with
six new picked divisions the enemy
are making every effort to stop the ad-
vance, late word last night is that the
French and Americans have pushed
six miles beyond Chateau Thierry. Be-
tween the Marne and Rheims the Brit-
ish, aided by Americans, French and
Italians are locked in battle with fresh
Teuton forces at the foot of the Moun-
tain de Rheims. Total prisoners taken
by the Allies is estimated at about
25,000. ‘

Thirty thousand soldiers from Camp
Custer are now on their way to France.
Seventy trains were required to trans-
fer the Eighty-fifth Division on the
first part of their journey.

Colonel Roosevelt has issued a state-
ment in which he declares that under
no circumstances will he accept the
nomination for governor of New York.

William Alden Smith fails to meet
with Osborn and Newberry to bring
about an agreement upon a single can~
didate for the nomination of United
States Senator. Henry Ford was not
invited to attend.

 

 

  
      
       
   
     
   
 
   

 
   

MKVMay«.,f.usn of ”his.

_. of, "9’33“”. can. Viki?" Ks!!! ‘

 

have forced the Ger—’

     

 
  
 
  
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
   

 

   

       

 

 

 

 

 

 


“rs't “W!“

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

:Michigan Boys are Crowding the Huns

Written for The Michigan Farmer by George Carhart, Jr..

OYS are producing food this year
in enormous quantities. At the
same time the boys are conserv-

ing the food crops, we are conserving
boys. This is, in a nutshell, the story
of the United States Boys’ Working
Reserve.

On one of my recent trips among the
camps of boys in the sugar beet dis-
trict, a Saginaw county farmer said to
me: “When I heard that they were
sending boys to us to work in the sug-
ar beets, I thought somebody was
crazy. I thought they would do more
damage than good, and take more of
our time to instruct than it would be
worth. And I had visions of these
high school fellows coming in and tear-
ing things loose in the neighborhood.
I have twenty-four acres of beets, and
they were a beautiful “stand.” When
I thought of those beets, I began to
wish they were beans. But the boys
came; they got into the hearts of the
community from the very first by the
fine appreciation they showed for ev-
erything that was done for them—and
the sugar company has certainly fixed
them up a splendid camp; and, under
the supervision of their high school
principal, they started to work. They
came to my place among the first, and
they delivered the goods. They saved
the crop. And more than that, they
did the best job in my beets that I
have had done in three years.” Anoth-
er farmer in the same place said that
the boys did the best job he had ever
had done in all his experience in beet
raising.

One farmer was opposed to the idea
of boys on his farm. He was soon face
{to face with the unprecedented labor
situation, however, he appealed to the
Reserve for help, and a boy was sent.
This boy from the city went to work
and fixed up all the “dead” engines

i and broken-down machinery about the
'place. The man is employing three
‘boys now, and is asking for another.
' These are samples of what is being
‘ done by boys of the Boys’ Working
IReserve, in camps and on individual
farms throughout the state. They are
'called “Soldiers of the Soil” and the
“Army Behind the Army.” These
names truly represent the nature of
ithe Working Reserve, for it is already

 

a vital factor in our work of winning
the war.
Strengthening Our Boy-Power.
My work is the welfare of the boys
of the Reserve. Food production is
one of the “all-essentials” and we sim—
ply cannot overestimate its import~
ance. But I am trying to think of the
problem in terms not of beets or beans
but of boys. For I believe that a boy
who has had some sort of preparation
for his work, and is properly related
to the right sort of farm and farm
home, or supervised by adult leaders,
if in camp; who is placed in sanitary
surroundings, morally safeguarded,
and, in recognition of the fact that he
is still a boy, provided With some di-
version and recreation that re-creates,
is an asset whose value we have not
fully reckoned with yet. Think of the
two million clean-cut athletically train-

 

 

on the farm has neither of these. All

alone, in many cases, he will be. trying

to realize this summer how his hum-
drum task is related to the great game
of winning the war. When his back is
aching and the August sun is beating
down, hot, this will be a difficult
achievement. The boy will need an
the steadying influences that favorable
surroundings and the various agencies
interested in boy life can bring to
him.
The Boys Are Appreciative.

The physical conditions for main-
taining morale that I have mentioned
are not difficult of attainment, howev-
er. Boys don’t want a lot done for
them, but they respond to being treat-
ed with appreciation, common sense
and decency. I find that the county
directors of the Reserve are keenly
alive to the fact that where a boy is

 

Sugar Beet Reserves and Camp “Moth er.”

edfwilling Amerlcan boys in their lat-
er ’teens, who are available, and whose
energies can be turned into the field of
agriculture. We can match Germany
in this line two to one.

But there is, you see, a real problem
of morale with this “Army Back of the
Army,” just as there is with the boys
at the front. Perhaps more so. The
soldier goes to the camp where, with
thousands of his associates, he lives
an intensified social life, yet under rig-
id military discipline. The Reservist

properly placed with the right farmer
at the first, the prOblem of morale is
largely solved, for the boy becomes
virtually a member of the farmer’s
family. And‘so the directors are work-
ing on the basis of “selected boys for
selected homes.”
How the Beet Camps Are Run.

In the fourteen camps now placed in
the sugar beet district, the policy of
the Michigan Division of the Reserve
has been to have all the boys of the
group in one place, properly sheltered

 

and with the proper sanitary arrange-
ments, with one or more adult super-
visors in charge, and a program for
the leisure hours that provides whole-
some diversion. Picture to yourself a.
delightful little cottage set among the
trees, surrounded by a garden, and
adjoining it a new bunkhouse to ac-
commodate twenty boys, the buildings
neatly painted, the grounds neat, ev-
erything in order. A white flag-pole
carries a new flag, its bright colors
gleaming in the sunlight. ,
A Hoover Garbage Can.

The flag was raised before the day’s
work began, the boys drawn up at at-
tention repeating the pledge to the
flag and singing the national anthem.
In the cottage, where the cooking is
done and the meals are served, the
camp cook, who was also camp “moth-
er,” presided. An air of thrift is about
the place. “I just wish Mr. Hoover
could see our garbage-can,” she said,
referring to its scanty contents. This
meant that the gospel of the clean
plate is observed here; but the boys
are provided with. an abundance of
wholesome and attractive food.

After supper, in the camps, base ball
is. usually played, though many prefer
the quieter game of pitching horse~
shoes.' The evening often ends with a
camp fire, around which stories are
told, and songs sung, and many a hu-
morous “stunt” performed.

The “Y” on the Joe.

The Clinton County Y. M. C. A. has
placed what amount to miniature “Y”
huts in the .three camps in that coun- '

' ty, equipped with reading matter, sta-

tionery, victrola and records, etc. ‘In-
ter—camp games and athletic meets
have been arranged by Y secretaries,
and through them autos have been pro-
vided to carry the campers to the old
swimming hole. Grand Rapids and
other Y. M. C. A.’s have issued mem-
bership tickets without charge to all
boys who show a card of enrollment in
the Reserve, thus extending to them
while in town the privileges of the
building, the baths and swimming pool.
It is the endeavor of the Y to put on
a. program for the Working Reserve
exactly similar to the army Y program
for the military organization. Again,
it is recognized that the Reserve boys

4.

 


     
    
 
 

  
 

 

      
      
   
     
  
 
  
     
        
   

v...

  
 
      
   
 
     

 

'American patriots, responded of their

 

are Soldiers—40f an army that is fight-
ing by farming.

EachBoy Matches a German Boy.

I am telling the boys this year that
everyone of them is matching a boy
similarly employed in Germany. 'But
the difference is this: That the boys
in Germany who are under military
age went to their places in the work
of food production four years ago, as
so many cogs in the kaiser's' machine,
while the boys of the United States
Boys' Working Reserve have, like good

own choice, and have volunteered to
do the hard thing that has to be done.
For the other American boys, in other
seasons to come, we are looking for no
slackers to appear among them, and
for no other slavish spirit to develop
which has to feel the hand ,of compul-
sion, but for a willingness and pride
that will cause every eligible youth to
measure up to the high standard set
by the Boys' Working Reserve this
year.

 

TH E BOYS’ RESERVES.

 

BY F. L. WELLS.

They are fighting for their nation,
With a vim that‘s good to see,
Sacrificing their vacation,
1n the cause 'of liberty.
’Neath the swelt’ring sun of summer
In a work that's new to them,
Proving to each doubtful comer
They can do their part like men

Still too young to carry sabres
Over EurOpe's bloody field,
They-have taken up the labors
Other heroes had to yield.
So Without the battle’s glamour,
Or with stars and stripes unfurled,
They have buckled on the armor,
For the freedom of the world.

When the vicious 'hun is stricken,
And the war for peace is won.
When the history is written
0f the deeds of valor done.
On the'page where each is given
All the credit he deserves,
In bright letters shall be written
Heroes of the Boys’ Reserves.

 

 

SUMMER NOTES.

 

(Continued from page 72).
and be sure that they do not remain
empty for any length of time on a hot
summer day. Hens need an abundance
of fresh water if they are to produce
eggs and keep in good physical con-
dition. Summer egg production often
falls off because of careless methods
of feeding and watering during hot
weather. Although eggs are apt to be
lowest in the summer, every egg
counts in determining the year’s p'rof-
its and it is easier to increase egg pro-
duction in the summer than in winter.

Tell city friends the advantages of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

m... - .-'.,
1.’ ’
"~' WHEN‘THE TREATY
‘ . 4 ‘
[OF PEACE IS MADE
l EN the time comes to make a treaty of peace to
end this war, we must have in the Senate, the place
/ where treaties are ratified, men of the highest ability,
the broadest expe— Le t Michigan
rience, the best send a man to‘ the
judgment and the ' United States Sen—
most pronounced ate who not only
Americanism. has the ability, but
Our future will be whose training es-
in the balance. pecially fits him to
Every man,woman meet the demand
and child will in of a task so vital
some way be af- to us all—a red—
fected—each one of blooded American
us will be directly who will insist that
or indirectly con- there be no peace
cerned by what is until we have won
then done._ the war—who will.
There must be no see to it that we do
peace without vic- not lose in council
TIE)?‘ , Truman H. Newberry the SlighteSt part Of,
e Victory so dear- what we haVe With
ly won by our boys on the field of so much sacrifice won in the field.
battle must be defended and safe- Commander Truman H. New«
guarded at the Council Board of berry is the Win—the-War Can—
the Nations. didate.
N E W B E R R Y f o r
UN ITED STATES SENATOR
Publirbed by New/urn Senatorial Committee
1. A. Templeton, General Chairman Paul H. King, Executive Chairman (Advertisement)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Belt-Gathering for out-
HarveSter ting Corn, Oane & Kaf-
fir Corn. Outs and throws in piles on
harvester. Man and horse cuts and
shocks equal to 3. Corn Binder.
Sold in every state. Price only $25 with fodder bind-
er. ’l‘he only self-gathering corn harvester on the
market. that ll giving universal sutlsfaction.—Dextcr
L.Woodward, andy Creek, N. Y. writes: “3 Years
ago I purchased your Corn Harvester. Would not.
take 4 times the price of the machine it I could not
get another one." Clarence F. Eu gins, Speermore.
kla.: “Works 5 times better than expected. Saved
$10 in labor this fall." Ray Apple, Farmersville.
Ohio: "I have used a. corn shooker, corn binder and
2-rowed machines. but. your mochinebeats them all
and takesless twine of any machine I have ever used."
John F.Huag, Mayf‘ield. Oklahoma: “Your harveslcr'
gave good satisfaction while using. filling our Silo."
K. F. Ruegnitz. Otis. Colo: “Just received a letter from my
[other laying he received the corn binder and he is cutting
corn and cans now. Says it, works fine and that I can sell
lots of them next year." Write for free catalog showing
picture of harvester st work and u-stimon‘isls.
PROCESS MFG. co., Sollnn. Ken-ls

 

putting down clean, infertile eggs in
water-glass and you may develop a
good summer market among custom-
ers who will pay a slight premium
above store prices for eggs that they
know are of guaranteed quality. The
poultryman will not injure his winter
business by trying that plan as in the
winter there will never be enough eggs
produced to come near supplying the
demand regardless of the price.

We believe that strawberries are
benefited by allowing the poultry to
range over the patch after the harvest
is over. The birds do not injure the
plants and they do seem to keep down
the weeds and grass. .

During the summer‘it pays to divide
large poultry yards when green food
becomes scarce. Then a crop of green
food can be raised on one side while
the birds are'harvesting the crop on
the other. When the secondcrop is
ready the flock can be turned into that
yard and the firstlcan be plowed and
replanted. In this way the soil is fre-
quently worked and the fertility added
by, the fowls is placed .whereit will do
‘the mast goodin crop production and

Wurst-m in: soil c “

 

, a“.

    

   

01113-111- .“ .

TIIE 'SELF-OILING WIIIIIIIIIJ.E

has become so popular in its first three years that 1
thousands have been called for to replace, on their ‘

‘ old towers. other In es of mills. and to replace. at

small cost. the gearinfiloi the earlier

Aermotors making ems lf-oil‘
closedmotor

the oil and

keeps out dust an

rsin.The Splash Oilin :

floods everybearing with Oil pre-
venting wear and enablin the
mill to pum in the lightest reeze.
The oil supp y is renewed once a year.
Double Gears are used. each c'arryin half the load.

We make Gasoline En incs, umps. Tanks.
Water Supply Goods and Steel Frame Saws.

   

    
 
    
   
     
  

 

HUGKLEBERRY Midis

Our wax lined paper baskets are made tight—
built especially for huckleberries. Prices—-
200 postpaid, $l .40
1000 by express, $4.90
Special rates on larger quantities.

Headquarters For Bea Supplies

Bee hives, sectidns, comb foundation. smok-
ers. etc. Send for catalog.

M. ll. lllllll&$0ll. Box 525, lansing, Mich.

SEED WHEAT

The Ohio State Experiment Station has recently
originated I now variety of Gladden Wheat. This
wheat. is a. single plant selection from the Gypsy and
outyields its parent besides having many other good
qualities. ‘
ROSEN RYE s new variety originated by
! Michigan Experiment; Station
[as been heavily outyieldlng almost. all other varities
of winter rye. “'6 also 0391' a moderate quantity of
exceptionally pure Poole Wheat. Write for prices
Wing Seed Co., Box 742, Mechanicsburg,0 i0.

Red Rock Seed Wheat
Pedigreed Seed

100 bushels inspected Red Rock Wheat. Price fixed by

 

 

 

 

 

 

   
 

  
 

Fist 1 ‘* ’°“
II 3 Evil

i to l .000 cases are

IAugE:3§ull‘:tr3t-g each year with

\ .
Fleming’s Flstoform.
g: :txggalgnnc; omega-178"“- d simple- gust a lit- .

.fi no fidll’flflifi 33'» . copy of

 
 
   
     
  

    
   
 
  

  
 

 

 
 
    

Michigan Crop Improvement AHMu‘iullUn $3.23 for l()
bushel or more. less than 10 bushels. $3.50. Send ru-
initlance to cover and sucks tit Ellie each or send
)Our own sucks. Order now. Siiuiplo on re nest.

T. A. CHURCH, Bangor, ichigan.

CORN

‘ 31.4”» to $2.00 per bushel. If you bu in carlozuls or
loss send for samples. OA 1’ .NTER GRAIN
COMPANY, Battle Creek, Michigan.

Shipment from our Muskegon.

l
l
- Mich. yard. Write for sanxple’

I literature. analysis and price.
[ LAKE sHonE STONE COMPANY,
. P. O. Box 175. - ilwnukee. Wis.

 

 

Pulverized limo rock for “sour ,
soils. WE SELL YOU DIRECT.

UFF LEUHORNB, 50 Choice hens and a few cock-v
erels selling for 81.50 each. this is half price.
Dr.WILLIAM SM [’I‘H. - - Petersburg, Mich.

.- ‘Ferris White Leghorns

A real heavy laying strain. trapnesled l
years, records from 200 to 264 eggs. Get
our special summer prices on yearling hens,
breeding males, eggs for hatching. 8-week» _
old pullets Ind day old chicks. We ship C. O D. and
guarantee results, Catalog gives prices, delcribes stock, tells
all about our term and methods, results you can get by breed-
ing this slrein. Send for your copy now—u ll lrcc.

GEORGE b. PEER.” in Union. Grand Rapids. Mich.

 

   
   
   
   
   
  

  

  

  
   
   

  

 

Fowlers Buff Rocks “3,0352%, 5393;?
S4 for 30: 85.50 for 50; 88.00 for 100.
B. B.FOWLER. - - - - Hartford. Mich.

 

IMPROVE YOUR POULTRY

My BrotLto-lay Young's strain S. C. White Leghorns
are great money-makers. H.000 strong. husky chicks
tor July delivery. Prico reduced lo $9.50 .1 1(1); and $5
for 50. sent, promptly by mail. Snfo arrival and entire
satisfaction guaranteed. ()rder direct. Free Catalog.
W. VAN APPLICI)ORN, R. 7, Holland, Mich.

Laybilt S. C. W. Leghorns

large, great. layers, lire white oflered for short, time
only choice 2 your oh hens $1.00 each, yesrlinghens
“.25 each. er-oksvold pullets $1.00 each.

EVERFRESH EGG FARM, Ionian, Mich.

 

 

Mammoth Pekiu Ducks from best stock in America.
, Eggs $1.50 per 11. Rose Oomh Brown Leghoms
from Madison Square and Mich. & Ohio Fair winners.
Eggs 81.50 per 15. M rs. Claudia. Betta. Hillsdale, Mich.

 

wnie AERMO‘I'OR co. 2m Twelfth St,0hicago ; 50 good Belgian 3...... .n °‘l€:.‘£..l’t’ftt..’l‘52;

bits. also some. for and
W .

, enclose stamp. . L. Lecky. Holmesville, O.

 

POULTRY

 

Barron English 240 Egg Strain,

White Iieghorns heavy winter layers. Large size and
very strong and hardy. Brod to shell out o gs and do
IT. Best days laying in winter 500 pullots 4‘69 eggs on
Jan. 24th. Cnn common Leghorn do as well. Tested
and trapiiosted ten years. Order NOW breeding stock
. at. our special summer prices. 3.000 choice pullers $1.50
each, 1000 selected yearling hens at $1.15 each egg re-
cord in pullet year of ‘ eggs and over and 1000m-
lected breeding ckls. from 26;") to 272 eg dams at $1.25
uach order now your ckls. for Scpt. dc ivory. Write
us our want NOW and send for catalogue.
)hVBlES LEGHORN FARMS & HATCHERY

Box 222 A. - - ,- - - Zeeland, Mich.

 

BREEDING COCKERELS

Bred-today B. 0. White Leghorn and Barred Rocks.
Would ndvxce ordermgenrlyfrice reasonable. Write us
your wants. Sunni/brook Poultry Farms. HillsdnloJllch.

 

 
  

 

. , 981‘
..

   

 

H¢IMS*EGGB not; spam with
. , ,. rdst;§§&qfigflnfl, .

White Orpingtons, hens and pullets 8311!
each, eggs special price 3.5661‘ 15 utilit
Mus. WIL 1s accord

Royal Oak. Mich.

Pine Crasl
$12 per 100

MM; CREST FARM.

Red Chicks. Both Combs. 1.."
I. [- Red ChiCRS eiu'll for 2.3 or more. prepaid)
Ely parcel post. Last hutch July 24th.

NTERLAKES FARM. Box 39, Lawrence.‘ Mich.

 

‘IILVER Golden a White Wyn ndottes. Four Golden
cockerels $2.50 each. Eggslfi $2.50; 30. 35 by P. Post
prepaid. W. Browning, R. , Portland. Mich.

 

S C_. Brniim LeggK§rnfi Ileceke‘llentslap/6318‘.) Eggs ("a
' one prepni . caring ens .26. ckerels
FLOYD ROBERTSON, R. 1, Lexington, Indiana

 

VV bite Wynndotté eggs for hatching also baby-chick
out of choice stock; send for a 1918 circular.

DAVID RAY. . 709 Norris BL, Ypsilanti. lichlgn.

 

 

DOCS

to

' Sh . .
FOR SALE tress... iii.t%“ffest%iih223‘.:

dogs. Price $5.00 male or females. .
T OMAS STANFIELD. Bole'l, Hillsdale. Mich.

 

Pure 'brod stock;

Scotch IColllo Pup: For ":ah-Jricesrmm

o. E. mum. n. n. L

lammlflbh»
, IR DAL -. F ,
Fina: £9“?er ,m

. , ,

 

  
 
 

 

  
  

 

 
 

 
 

 

 

  
 
   

    


 

    
   
  
     
   
  
  
     
    
   
  
   
 
   
  
  
   
  
   
     
   
     
   
  
     
  
   
    
  
   
    
 
   
  
   
    
    
   

  

  

 

Wri
'R. BRUCE McPHE

,Astrlctl Pri

 

    

A harmless powder that kills al-~

most every kind of insect

and vermin.

l e s s, odorless
tasteless.

  
 
    
 
 

 
       
   

     

also roaches.
[II-ll mites, lice. f l e a s.
mosquitoes, many kinds of

arden bugs. Money back if it

ails. A necessit in home and
garden. ThouIsan 5 use it. ‘
‘ F R E E our dealer hasn't
HOF TRA yet. send 25

, cents and dealer’ 8 name for 25c package
and 10c loaded ¢un.F FREE. Postage paid.

Iloisire Manufacturlng Go.
309 Nogales, Tulsa, Oklahoma
' III---*--..----

   
       
   
   
     
    

 
  
    
 

   
  
 
 

Enclosed find 25 cents for HOFS’I‘RA y.'
and Londed Metal Gun FREE. y.
name is 'I
Ills-essee'eleeceeeecn'tcolilt unease-essences. I

I
I
H .................. e uuuuuuuuu .ueoee—seees-eeeee‘ I
I

Dealer‘s Name ..... .... H. .I................,
- n-nmn-I-II i“

BREEDERS’ DIRECT (DRY.

Chance of Copy or Cancellations must reach us
Ten Day: before date of publication.

CATTLE.

Wildwood Farms

Breeders of Best Strains of

Aberdeen Angus Cattle
and lluroc Jersey Hogs

Several young bull calves on hand. three of which
are of serviceable age. out of Black Monarch III.
three times Grand Champion. Michigan State
Fair. Also several AI Brood sows. Will be glad
to correspond with you by letter regarding
stock. Write

SIDNEY SMITH, Supt.
Wildwood Farms, Orion, Michigan
W. E. SCRIPPS, Proprietor.

WOOD COTE ANGUS

TROJAN- ERIOAS dz BLACKBIRDS (BLACKCAPS)
only. The most fashion able strains of the breed.
GreatB care given to mating: and pedigrees. Eier rzn
imalB D IN ’IHE PU PLE. Breeders ansd eed-
ers ofm any INTERNATIONAL WINNER
WOODCO'I‘E STOCK FA Ionia,S Mich.

 

 

 

 

Good uality bulls of serviceable
Baal-overly Angu‘ ageangy oun er. Inspectioninvit-
Geo. Hathaway aynd n. Ovid. Mich.

 

For Sele—Ihm Aberdeen In nsgu: Bull: mugs:
prices reasonable. LANG BRO Davlson. Michigan

GUERNSEYS must reduceherd. eooiler

a few choice females of

Gleulwugd bredil‘. :lfl; bdulls. all stock of A. B breed-
t 1n es 0 .

Wire]? "on. . . . Battle Creek. Mich.

Registered Guernseys

Two choice heifer calves, $300. One bull calf with
above$75z this bull calf 15 no relation to heifer calves.
J. VVILLIAMB. - - - North Adams. Mich.

45 Re istered head all tb. tested. Nora' s
“HITIIOYSM ing, son of Imp. May Rose King
headeour herd,a 90! his half sisters sold averaging $1956
each. His bull calves are booked ahead at reasonable
prices. .Avcndale Stock Farm, Wayne. Mich.

Re i tered Guernsey bull cal-
For 88 '6 vesglllliay Rose breedin
JOHN EBELS. 11.2. Hollan. Mich.

G U E R N 3 BY Sfigfflgligiig
00 out ainin blood of world champions
HICKS’ GUERN EY FARM, Saginaw. W. S. Mich

AK Leaf Farm. Herd sire Lenawee Pontiac Cal-
0a Inmity King offer Registered Holstein bulicalves
A.R O. cows and theabove sire whose dam holds
the Inmill! and butter record in the state of Ind.
days milk 796. 3 butter 82. 51—315 days milk 23782 3. but-
tel-926. 7'15
E. H. GEARHART a SON 11.4, Marcellus Mich.

CLUNY STOCK FARM

l00--REGISTERED HOLSTEINS-doo
When you need a herd sire remember that we
have one of the best herds' in Michigan. kept un-
der strict sanitary conditions. Every individual
over 6 mos old regularly tuberculin tested. We
have size. quality. and production records back-
ed by the best strains of breedi 11:.

our wa. “In
SON. Howell, Mich.

HOLSTEIN BULL

high olaee7.291b Holstein bull Daisycrest
ncess,22834 born January 27,1 19'l.i is oil’ered
for sale. Sire. King Zerma Alcarta Pontiac, rand-
sire, Ki Segisp Pontiac Alcartra. t bu
£35106” Pula ine Ruilne 2nd. sagarling

plug tobe one of the flniet uality bu inth e
state If you are interested will you p ease write for des-
orlptlon‘and photograph? Also other A; younger bulls.
cows and heifers and calves from a horde 60
aes.Holsteins We will send you photo sando des-

" " ‘mtiocns which will present these animals accurately.

want Holsteins, will you please write us?
D7017 manimal fully guaranteed.

._ ”dale Farms, Bloomingdale. Mich.

   
 

Letters from

Our Readers-

 

MICHIGAN FARMER READERS:

 

We want you to make the fullest'use of this page.
been instrumental in presenting some real live subjects for discussion.
May we have a shot or bouquet from you.
tc-the- point-letter is most interesting.

Yours Sincerely,

It has already

Remember, be brief, for a

THE MICHIGAN FARMER.

 

 

National Board of

AM pleased to know that the idea

of a. National Chamber of Agricul-

ture is approved and I believe that
the majority of farmers, if they would
take the time to express themselves
would be in favor of this movement.
In last week’s issue T. N. V. states
that I have changed my mind with re-
gard to bringing about the desired re-
sults, that is, putting agriculture on a.
profitable basis in a business way the
same as other businesses, but I think
that our former correspondence that
he refers to was misunderstood. As I
remember, the idea was that the farm-
er should have help through legisla-
tion, that this matter should be put up
to the state legislature and the na-
tional congress. I was Opposed to this
and would be now. In fact, I don’t
think it would be possible, neither do
I think it would be practical. If you
attempt to make special laws for the
farmer, other business interests will
demand special laws and they would
have the right to do so. We cannot
have class legislation in this country,
neither do we want it. Let every
class stand on its own merits. If you
attempt to bring about anything of
this sort by legislation that would be
what I would term going about it in a
direct way. Now, I have advocated
that this proposition of determining
approximately the cost of production
and insisting on selling for this cost
plus a. profit is a. proposition up to ag-
riculture itself. It is a business prop-
osition; it requires organization, not
legislation.

As Mr. McBride stated in his orig-
inal article, what we need is a great,
economic, agricultural organization
where facts have been ascertained
from sources that are unquestionable,
to say to the consuming world that it
costs so much to produce a crop and
that the farmers are entitled to this
cost plus a profit. That is not a mat-
ter for legislation; that is a matter for
economic organization.

Market Commissioner McBride has
laid the foundation here which in my
judgment, will win. This proposition
is not to be fostered by any fraternal
organization, by any present farmers’
organization, no element of politics is
to enter into it at all. It is simply and
purely a business proposition repre-
senting agriculture. These county
chairmen Who are going to be the rep-
resentative men of, this organization

Whither Arc

HE war has developed new ideas

and ideals regarding social and

cooperative organizations in rur-
al communities. The wonderful results
accomplished by war organizations af-
fords proof sufficient that country peo-
ple are capable of team work when
the occasion demands it. Are we to
abandon these organizations when the
war ends and drift back to the old
methods of supporting several misfit
organizations with more or less scat-
tered interests and aims, or are we to
hold the lines with more efficient ones
for meeting rural problems that are
sure to develop as soon as

 

.jfl: as“ 33.101»,

Mr. Lillie’ 8 Reply to T. N. V.

    

 

Agriculture, Again

and ‘really the foundation of the organ-
ization, are not going to be asked what

political party they belong to, nor what

church they belong to, 'nor whether
they belong to this or that fraternal

organization. Their qualifications must

be that they are bona fide farmers who
produce crops from the soil and whose
business it is to sell these crops at a
profit. And when’we get such an or-
ganization it is broader than any exist-
ing organization, it is broad enough so
that every farmer in the state, every
farmer in the nation can belong to it
and they will be bound together by
ties that really bind because they rep-
resent the bread and butter interests
of the farmer. When this organization
is completed and these county agents
have appointed the county chairmen in
determining approximately the cost of
production and this has all been au-
thorized and averaged for the whole
United States and the National Cham-
ber of Agriculture expresses its opin-
ion, based upon these actual facts, that
the cost of a certain crop was so much,
that the farmers in order to have a
liVing profit ought to receive so much
per unit—that is all there is to it, that
is all that is necessary for it to do.

Some will say that agriculture is so
broad that it cannot be controlled by
an organization, that some people are
“hard-up” financially and that" they
must sell their crops as fast as they
produce them and at whatever the
middleman and the speculator chooses
to offer them. We will admit that some
farmers are in debt and that they
must cash in their crops and pay their
debts but there are multitudes of
farmers that are not in debt, that can
hold their crops for a decent price, and
there will be enough of them that will
hold their crops so that this price sug-
gested by the National Chamber‘of Ag-
riculture can be realized. There is one
him; that the well-to-do farmer ought
to do and that is to sell his crop at the
cost plus profit figure. If there was a.
shortage of any crop, it wouldn’t be
fair for the farmer to hold his crop for
more and force people to pay it. The
cost authorized by the National Cham-
ber of Agriculture ought to be a max-
imum and a minimum price so far as
the farmer is concerned. The farmer
must treat the consumer fair if he gets
a fair deal, because all he is ask-
ing for is to get good, fair terms from
the consumer.

We Drifting?

Other business and industrial inter-
ests are now making plans to meet af~
ter-war conditions by, strengthening
their lines to meet the problems that
are sure to arise. The labor unions
are perfecting plans to‘ portect their
members. Are the farmers of America
going to be found asleep at the switch
by depending upon a number of scat-
tered and more or less inefliCient, one-
man- controlled organizations to meet
vital problems that are sure to develop
when the war ends? Is it not possible
and
plans that will provide better transpor-

‘entirely practical to work out"

 

may be ‘mtiblished to carry farm pro» .
ducts to market and bring needed sup- ‘
plies to the farm, develop new sys-
tems of distributing and handling food

.p'roducts, provide legislation to enable

farmers to drain their land for crop
production, furnish laborers for the.
farms, enact laws to prevent the land-
grabbers from holding large tracts 'of
land for speculation and not produc-
tion of food crops, provide means for
financing the boys who come back
from the trench life to begin farming
on our cheap farming lands? These
are only a few problems that must be
solved before we-can take our place
among leading industries in America.

Some of these problems are not new
ones; the majority of them have been
before the people for years. So long
as the farmers were 'without any
strong organization their weak and
scattered efforts brought no results. In
the readjustment of social and eco-
nomic problems, the farmer must plan
for more efficient representation to in-
sure him a “place under the sun” in
the new world of democracy. He must.
be ably represented among the other
industries, businesses and trades if he
is to maintain his identity and secure
his just dues from the powers that con-
trol affairs in the coming readjustment
of the world’s business.

Saranac Co. B. A. BAXTER, J11.

HOW HE WOULD USE THOSE LIB-
ERTY BONDS.

 

I just finished reading Mr. C. H.
Addams" question of duty as a patri-
otic American citizen and farmer.

You will permit me to suggest that
while bankers will loan to the extent
of ninety per cent on Liberty Bonds,
would it not be more patriotic to bor-
row several hundred dollars at six per
cent in view of the fact that Uncle
Sam is going to pay you four and a
quarter per cent on what you have
loaned him? '

'In other words, Mr. Addams, it will
cost you the small sum of $3.50 per
year, the difference in interest, to hold
these bonds—thus by lending your
credit in this way you will have sup-
ported your government which, I am
sure, will be a great joy of apprecia-
tion to you later.

While all persons holding these gov-
ernment securities are supposed to
hold them, if possible, I might say this
about the War Savings Stamps: I
think provision has been made where-
by, in the event of emergency one can
dispose of war stamps to the post-
oflice by giving the postmaster ten
days’ notice. Uncle Sam will cash
these stamps in such cases at the
price you paid for‘them, plus three per
cent simple interest.

Lét it not be said that the farmer
is not doing his fair share in every
way—Arthur F. Carl, St. Joe County.

A BIG GRANGE RALLY.

 

The Six-County Grange Rally to be
held at Belleville, Wayne‘county, Sat.
urday, July 27. Sports of all kinds and
drills from several county teams will
be held in the forenoon. A basket pic-
nic dinner will follow. The speakers
for the afternoon program will be Ohio
State Master L. J. Taber, and Michi-
gan State Master J. C. Ketcham. A
good local program will be given by
members from each of the counties.
Two orchestras and a band will fur-
nish music. This rally is held under
the auspices of the Granges of Lena—
wee, Hillsdale, Munroe, Washtenaw,
Jackson and Wayne counties. This is
the fourth rally, the others being held
at Ypsilanti, Adrian and Jackson,
where several thousand attended. Ev-
eryone is cordially invited to help
make the big crowd that makes the
successful picnic. —-Mrs. Edith M. Wag-
ar, Wayne County Lecturer. ‘

 

 
   
   

Many a womanéis - -t_ted
by her doctor‘wbg

    

 

 

      
   


 
 
 
 

    
  

  
 

       
    
 
 
   
    
    
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
   
  
   
     
   
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
    
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
 
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
 
  
  
   
  
   
  
   
     
    
      
    
 

 

 

  
    
     
     
   

  

e

9.7, 1915:.

    

Veterinary g
11 ‘4‘ m w» , liliillllliilllllllllllflllWllWliilllilliiiiiiliiiillliiliilliliilili
CONDUCTED BY W. C. FAIR, V. S.

 

Warts—I have a heifer troubled
with warts on head and neck. Some
ofrthem are growing very large and I
would like to know what can be done
to destroy them. J. U.. Pigeon, Mich.
——The warts that have necks should
be cut out and apply one part salicylic

'acid and two parts grain alcohol to

flat ones every day or two. Apply to
wounds one part powdered alum, two
parts oxide of zinc and three parts
boric. acid every day or two.

Barb Wire Cut—About nine weeks
agoone of my horses while in pasture
lot rolled, became entangled in a barb
wire fence, cutting his leg on fore part
of hock. I treated it with corona wool
fat compound according to the direc-
tions. The wound closed fairly well
with a fleshy bunch about the size of
a man’s fist. The hock joint also re4
mains thickened. This horse is seem-
ingly better when worked, than if al«
lowed to stand idle. L. V. S.. Butman,
Mich—Dissolve 1%; oz. permanganate
of potash in six ounces of clean boiled
water and paint wound three times
a day. ,

Surfeit.—-—I.have a five-year—old mare
that at times has lumps appear all
over body, some as large as a man's
hand. These bunches seem to appear
and in about 36 to 48 hours disappear.
When in this condition do you advise
me to work her, and what line of
treatment do you recommend? E. R,
Henderson, Mich—Give her 30 grs. of
potassium iodide, 1 oz.. of bicarbonate
of soda and 1 oz. of tincture gentian at
a dose in feed two or three times a
day. Feed her grain and grass. If
her bowels are inclined to be costive,
either give her one quart of raw lin:
seed oil as a cathartic or compel he1
to live on grass exclusively for two or
three days.

Infected Udder.—-I have Jersey cow
whose bag seems to be more or less
congested and swollen. Part of time
she will milk out clean, part of time
she gives stringy milk. I bought her
from a man who has sandy land, my
farm is clay soil. I am told that this
change of soil is causing all this udder
trouble. Lately I have reduced her
grain ration, thinking that it might
help her. C. H. Y.. Alto. Mich—Give
her a dessertspoonful of powdered ni-
trate of potash at a dose in feed or
drinking water once daily. Apply one
part fluid extract of poke root and
eight parts olive oil to congested por-
tion of udder once or twice a day. Are
you sure she does not bruise her bag?

Milk Low in Butter-fat.-—We have
two fresh cows, good Durham stock,
that have always been good milkers.
These cows have been well wintered
and are in the best of pasture, with
running spring water and look fine.
We get a fair flow of milk. but prac-
tically no cream; it has been so for
the past two months and we are at a
loss to know what to do. Can you ad<
vise? E. N., Rockford, Mich—The
writer would suggest that you feed
your cows some grain twice daily;
however, it is well understood that the
quality of: milk is not much enriched
in butter-fat by the cows’ feed; Giv-
ing these well cows drugs is perhaps
bad practice, but a change of feed
would benefit them and it is possible
that their milk should be cooled more
quickly after milking, and possibly
your milk house is rather cool. I sug-
gest that you consult a neighbor who
is an experienced dairyman and but-
ter-maker and have him inspect your
premises.

Feeding an Orphan Colt—What can
I do to build up a young colt that I
have had to raise by hand. Am now
giving her two and a half pints of
whole milk every three hours, also
feeding .some hay and wheat bran. Her
hind feet tip up and she walks on flat
lock. She is also pot-bellied, is very
thin and does not straighten up on her
limbs as she ought to. I have given
her castor oil once a week. Her appe-
tite is good and her bOWelS act nor-
mally. Mrs. P. 1..., Chelsea, Mich.—
You failed to state age of colt; how-
ever, the writer presumes her to be
two or three months old. She should
be fed rich cows’ milk, adding some
sugar and at least one-third part clean
water. The feeding utensils should be
kept exceedingly clean and you should
also feed her some ground oats, or oat
meal and bran and feed her grass or

   
       

~ green food in addition to well-cured

rule, orphan colts do

   
 

expired hay. . LAB a

'Mmmmnmulmmuumlulumnmmlmnnmmnommmmg '

  

“T HE PM I CHI GA N 'F AR M’E R1

 

- h

 

Aug. 9

 

 

 

J. Bruce Henderson,
Manager

 

Aug. 9

 

50 Choice Durocs Sell
At Brookwater Farm, Aug. 9

An op ortunity to buy sows bred for fall farrow, and spring pigs of both sexes.
This 0 fering is closely related to our show herd of last year which won more

rizes than any other Duroc herd in the United States.
invitation to all Michigan farmers and breeders to attend the sale.
welcome whether you contemplate buying or not.
log and make your plans to spend Aug. 9 at

Brookwater Farm, Ann Arbor, Mich. R. 7

Aug. 9

 

17-— 81

‘ and'gmde Guernseys. One res

RegIStered intered bull 9 mos. .old one regis-

tered heifer 18 mos. old. 2 high rade heifers ll”) and

3% mo, 0 FRED ROBB N3. Y nilantl, Mich.
Cranes Stop, Saline Car L no.4...

 

We extend a cordial
You are
Send for illustrated cata-

Herbert W. Mumford,
Owner

Aug. 9

 

 

 

CATTLE

“Top-Notch”
OLSTEINS

The young bulls we have, for sale are
backed up by many generations of
large producers. Buy one of these
bulls, and give your herd a “push”.
Full descriptions, prices,etc. on request.

McPherson Farms Co., Howell, Mich.

 

I Always Have Holsteins
To Sell

It wanting Registered cattle write me your want:
before placing your order elsewhere.

L. E. CONNELL, Fayette, Ohio
Jack Bill

Winn--Wood Herd

Registered Holsteins
Sire in Service

Flint Maplecrest Boy

Who is bred for real production his sire Mapleorest
Korndyke Hen ervelt is one of the best bred long dis-
tance bulls in t 6 world. He or his dam are brother
or sister to six cows with records above 1.200 lbs. of
butter lnl'one year and ten more above]..0001bs. in a
ear. Flint Maplecrest Boys‘ Dam is Cluck Vassar Bell
.57 lbs. of butter in 7 day, 12.1le. in 30 (lava. Butter
fatltcst 5.27. Islthere a reason why Flint Maplecreet
Boy is not. one of Mlchlgnns greatest young sires.
None of his females are for sale until after we test
them.But we have 10 of his bull calves from 2 to 9 months
old, with A. R. O. dams which we nowliofl'er for sale
at prices any dairy farmer can afford to pay. Just tell
us the kind of a bull you want.

JOHN H. WINN, Inc.
Lock Box 249. Roscommon, Mich.

 

accepted in payment of finely bred reg-
‘ 600d "0h istered Holstein bull calves. Quality
of the best and at prices within reach of all. Write.
one. D. chums . - - - Vassar. Mich.

A Few Fine Bulls For Sale

ligolows Holsioin Farms. Broodsviiio. Mich.

$50 Liberi. Bond gets 1 mo. old grandson of Pen-
tiac aid 301-5 1b. Other granddum sister to
randsire of 42 lb. 4 vr. Herd free tuber. Apr. adv. for
emzlles. Terms. M. L. McLaulin. Redford. Mich.

The Pontiac Herd

“Where the Champions come from”

OfferBull Calversl red by sons of Pontiac Korndyke,
Hennerveld'DeKolJ’ontlac Dutchlavnmor Admiral
Walker Pietertie.

Do you want a Pontiac in your herd?

Pontiac State Hospital, Pontiac, Mich.

8,040 Lbs. MORE MILK
Per COW Per YEAR

61.5“ 1?le BULL

Bred

yielded over the production of their scrub granddams.
on too can make more money with
Let us

 

a pure bred Holstein Hull.
show you. Booklets free.

The Holstein-Frieslun Association of
America, Box 164, Brattleboro.Vt.

The Traverse Herd

Great Values In Bulls

from A. R. O. Cows with records up to 30 lbs.

Let uskno w your wants. We will send extend-

ed pedigrees and prices.

TRAVERSE CITY STATE HOSPITAL.
Traverse City, Michigan.

Want. Yearly Records?

Our new sire has four sisters whose semi-official
records are 6'17. 742. 913 and 946 pounds of butter in
one year respectively at 2 to 3 years of age. His dam
is a daughter of Friend Hengerveld De K01 Butter
.Boy. four of whose daughters have records over 1000
pounds and she is also a granddaughter of Pontiac
Anggle Korndyke, with six daughters above 1000
pounds of butter in one year.

Peaceland Stock Farm, Throo Rivers, Mich.
G.- L. Brody. Owner Port Huron,Mlch.
Charles Peters, Herdsman

As I Am of Draft Age

a expect to be called this fall I am forced todis-
pose of mv entire herd of pure bred Holstelns. con-
sistln affilhend. Pricedtceell. Writeorcomean see
M. M N. - - - - - Brunswick, Mich.

 

 
  

    

 

 

Reg. Holstein Bulls. $50, $75 and $150; from four
months to serviceable age.one is of a breedin with
8.23 lb. average in 7 days. will take Liberty Hon 3. 60
No. 1 Shropshire brood ewes; full blood Oxford down
ram lamb. Frank Stailen. Howard City, Mich,

Holstein 33231;? lllezlil‘egs. &t2ii'“llllsm-lmkhfi ure
.» o . can u v mar e

ench,crated for shipment anywhere. Buy only the be t.
EDGEWOOD FARMS, - - Whitewater, WTB.

olst-elns: llull calf born Oct. 6. A nice individual
wcll grown in good condition. His seven nearest
dams average butter Mama‘mmm. "1111(5331138. Dams
record 181m at 2 56 yrs, W.B. Reader. Howell, Mich.

I I i
3100 Registered liolsieln about shortest
mg. also our '931' old cow soon fresh.
RIVERVIEW ARM, - - - Vassar, Mich.

__ R'egistered Holstein 137111255 yrs.o'd
For sale from a. 40 lbs. sire and a good A. R.
O. heifer for price and podigrco
Wm. GRIFFIN. R. 5.

 

 

 

\rrito
Howell, Mich.

 

Ma 18 Lane R. of M. Jersey Herd. For sale one
(ml-yenr-old cow also bull calves nnd heifer
c‘nlves sired by a grant son of the Poms 99th of Hood
1‘ arm. IRVIN FOX, R. 3, Allegan, Mich.

 

HE Wildwood Jersey Farm oll'ors for sale choice
bull calves for fall service from R. of M. daughters

of Mawsty'e Wonder by Majesty's ()xi’ord Fox. Herd
tubercullne ics.ied.whon looking fornaire to head \'our
hard. get a MaJesty. Alvin Baldwin. C'npac. Mich.
several Jersey Bulls and 3.

FOR SAL i'ow calves.
Grass Luke. Mich.

NOT’l‘EN FARM, . . -
For Sale Re lslered Jersey Callie
of both sex. Bml h Au Parker, R. 4. Howell. Mich

For Sale Jersey Bull

Goldie's Foxhall No. 161985. Dropped March 22. 1917.
Solid color, black tongue & switch. A fine individual
large of his age. will sell cheap. Also a. young cow &
several bred heifers all of HOllll color.

NEWMAN‘S STOCK FARM, E. 1. Marlette. Mich.

 

 

 

ERSEY bull and bull calves for sale from R of M.
cows, also heifers and cows of all ages.
0. B. WERNER, R. 8. Allegan. Mich.

 

Lillie Farmstead Jersey Cattle. Several heifers bred
to freshen next fall. Also a few heifer and bull cal-
veg of choice breeding. Colon C.Llllle, Coopersville.Mich.

Aline. dark, solid color Jersey bull
For sale 16 mos. old Double grandson of

Royal Majesty and out of R. of M. cow.
0. d 0. DRAKE. - - - - Ypsilanti, Mich.

EREFORDS

6 bull calves for sale, Perfection
Fairfax and Prince Donald breeding.

ALLEN BROS.,

PAW PAW, MICH.

‘ B b F i f 4
Herefords 03...? ttbfiflgzi’mfi
”1 ages either polled or horned. E L C.

cCAltTY. Bec'y Mich. H. B. Acs'n, Bad Axe, Mich.

 

 

 

—Scotch and Scotch To ed a l-
Shorthorns male of both sex for mid.) Prid‘ea
reasonable. GEO. D. DOSTER. Doctor. Mich.

BIDWELL ifllfilliili

Registered bulls. cows and heifers-Good Scotch and

crutch-Topped for sale. In prime condition. Modern
sanitary equipment. Farm 10 minutes from N. Y. C.
depot... 1 hour from Toledo, Ohio. Automobile meets
all trains. Write

BIDWELL STOCK FARM,

Box B, Tecumseh. Mich.

Richland Farms

Shorthorns

IMP. Lorne in Service. Grand Champion Shel-thorn
Bull of Mich. Wooller for sale a choice collection of
voung bulls by some of the leading sires of the breed.

ou cannot afford not to own one of these bulls at the
pricel we are asking for them. We invite correspond-
ence and inspection.

0. ll. PRESCOTT o' SONS.

Farms at Prescott. Mich. Office at ’l‘awae, City. Mich.

Francrsco Farm Shorthorns
We maintain one of Michigan's good herds of Scotch
and Scotch Topped cattle. They are well bred. prop-
erly handled and price reaso. .b 6. Come and see; we

like to show them.
P. P. POPE, - - - - Mt. Pleasant. Mich.

'I‘hr 0 scotch bulls re d f
Shorthorns' servTce. Price reasonahTe.y 0’
W. B. McQUILLAN, 11.7. Howell. Mkh.
SON of Harthorth Welfare heads our herd of milk-

ing Shorthornn Comprising Chifley of Clay bred

cows. young bulls read for sale and service. write us
Lidde Bros.. R. 2. lintnn. Mich, Macon Phone.

' of best Bates Strains. oun
031"de Shorflloms stock of both sexes for stile. g
J. B. HUMMEL, - - - - Mason. Mich.

SHORTHORNS

Cows.heifers&young bulls for sale at iarmers'prices:
herd catalog mailed ee. Horrleton Farms. Hart,Mich.

Shorlhorn Callie ol both Sex ior Sale

 

 

 

for sale 41mlls: 1 three years, 1 one
Hereford year and2 nix mos. old.
REED SCHULTZ, - - - _

Homer, Mich.
HOGS

“e' lSTered Berkshire gilte and sows for fall furrow-
; log, 3 boom and Err-in. pigs. either sex.
C ASE STOCK FARM. . 1, Mariette, Mich.

 

 

Big Erowihy Berkshire Pigs. B“".‘.‘,n*;§‘:e:,.,,'3{“°
W. H. Every, Manchester, Mich.

Duroclerseyt 8. Hampshirs

We oflor a number of fine young spring boar and
sow pigs both Durm' Jory-«eye and Hamsplree. from
particularly well bred stock.

Write. to us for (inscription and prices. Each an
imul is guaranteed.

Bloomingdale Farrnc,

 

Bloomingdale, Mich.

 

urocs. Choice spri ng pigs out of selected sown and

sired by our best herd hours, The are of the bi
type.strong bonod,:~lmooth and of exce lent quality and
include some of tho most. popular blood lines such an
Orion Cherry Ki ng.’l‘op Col.i)ci'cnder.Brookwutereto.
Prices reasonable. The Jennings Farms, Bailey, Mich,

50 Duroc Sows and Grits
for full farrowing, bred to Orion's Fancy Kin 33837
the biggust pig of his age over shown at Tutor"
national. 1 mile N. E. of town. Visitors welcome?
days in week. Newton Barnhnrt. St. Johns, Mich.

DUROC II ERSEVS
E. D. HEYDENBERK, - » - Wayland. Mich.
Duroc fall boars filredhy Crimson Critic T., Satisfac-

tion and lirookwuter Princi nl. priced right. Bred
sows all told. M. C. TAYEOR. Milan, Mich.

Choico Duroc Jersey Gills For Sale.
CAREY U. EDMONDS, — - Hastings. Mich.

D U R 0 C S HHerPO boars, bred flown,
fall pigs. Express aid.

J. H. BANGHAR’I‘. - - - E. Lansing. lch
n Jersey‘s—Full 110$er of the large heavy boned
"roe typo. lilts bred to Junior Champion hour for:

June furrow, also Spring pigs pal re not akin.
F. J. DRUDT, R. 1. Monroe, Mich.

 

DUTOC Jerseys for sale. Bred sows do spring pigs both
sex also Shortlmru bull calves. milking strain,
CHAS. BRAY. - - - - ()kemos, M1011.

spring pigs for sale. Pairs and triou
numc 1373813 not uki n. Breeding and price: on re.-
quest. J. D.CliAN1'l do HUN, Plainwell. Mich.

‘ spring pigs either sex,
CheSter Whites) can furnish n. few pairs or
tries not akin from strictly big type mature stock at.
reasonable paices. l". W. Alexander. Vassar. Mich.

. Raise Chester Whites

:3 Like This

the original big producerc

    

,7. r -411... " .. ~'
..

HAVE started thousands of breeders on the road to

success. I can help you. 1_ want to lace one hog from
my great hard in every communlty where All) not already rep-
eu fine early developers—rend)! for market at sq
Write for lan— ' More Money from ogn.’

a. a. BENJAMIN, R. 1r, D. 10. Portland, moms... '

Crandell’s Big Type 0.1. C's

Champion herd everywhere shown in 1917. Herd
headed by five champion boars. Our sows won
Senior, Junior and Grand Champion prizes at
Illinois. Missouri. Ohio and Michigan 1917.
Special prices on all spring pigs. Get our cata-

log it is free.
Crandoll’c Prize Hogs, Can City, Mich.

BRED GILTS and
SERVICEABLE BOARS
0- J. CARL JEWETT, Macon, Mich.

 

 

 

 
 

 

 

 

 

" AST fall gilts all sold, have a good lot, of lax-1t, spring
Lpigi from 3 sin-H good grou'tby stock. Farm Ar. mllo
west. of do of, Cit izons Phone 124.

O'l"l‘() 13.. CHUIXIJC. Nushvillc, Mich.
O I C ’8 all sold except some fall glits. Order

' ° ' your spring pigs now.

0. J. THOMPSON. Rockford, Mich.
0 | c 78 Big typo servioenble hours.
I I I

_ . Spring far~
rowed boa r pigs. lired g1 its to furrow July

 

and Aug. G. P. ANDREWS, Dansville. Mich.
Brad gilte and spring pigs ofM .: d.

For sale April furrow. Iship C O 1). nr 111

F. (3. BURGESS. R. 3!, Mason, Mich.

 

O I C ’8 a_ few choice Apr. and May igs
' ° ' either sex and 4 reg. Holstein hei ore.
CLOVER LEAF HTUCK FARM. Monroe. Mich.

BIG TYPE PULAN BHINAS

Bred Gilts and Spring Pi 5. One extra
well bred Holstein Bull Calf.

HILLCREST FARM,

KALAMAZOO, MlCH.

A 500 lb. Gilt just one. we 301d Smooth

Jumbo to head M( del
herd, Lansing, Mich. watch his smoke. )ThleFagliTh
is! ligedtto'fiim fK;Aug. farrow “Liberty Bell” is
e es g1 in lcxlgau you canb 1‘ ' '
$100. Bell phone. "y ler tor Just.
J. (1. Bll'l‘TJl‘R, - — - Portland, hllch.

Large Type P. C.

Bredgilts andboarsall sold nothin to if r
w. E. LIVINGSTON.3 (inimitmiiiglif
P C.
etc-

FOR SALE :2 swimmer, P...“
a c z ' '

don King No. 291813 herd Eleni".1 p“ ‘8 a

CHAS. STORMS 8: SON. Centerville. Mich.

'EONABD’S Bred sows all eold.fall plgs.ordere book-
ed for sNrATTFDmgs at weaning time. Shipped C.O.D.

 

H
Sulton by the Oscoln Co. Bhorthorn Breeders Ass.
JOHN SCHMIDT. Sec. Reed City. Mich.

Grand 17mm Shorihorn lm. ““‘L “W" '°'

sale. .
M. E. DUCKLES, 'Sec,. Traverse City, Mich.

B 11 C l . .
Shorthorn m‘hson:bh;,:rizogg.flGTygr-l dodgryrsetficl‘rt.
IRVIN DOAN. - - - . - Croawell.,Mlch.
Rad “PM“ Calf 3.312%“ .2193. “l” “m

3.: I.

   

 

   

 

 

 

, mos.-

  

W. W. KNAPP. Howell. Michigan. E. R. LEO ~ — - St. Louis. Mich.
Shorthorne of Quality Scotch and :11 81111 t, ,

"For sale Scotch To ped descendentsoi’Archers 1'“ S“ P. C' gilt. rhisedjllast yigilgpbtretdmfol'adfisz

ope, Avondala. Mnxwa ton Bolton and White Hall furrow. H. 0- SWARTZ. Shoolcraft. Mich.

 

type P. C. Some choice So i;. llt ready

Large bred for Aug. and Sept. fall-roam s to

Wm. J. CLARKE. R. 7. Mason, Mich.
lg tvpe P. C. Big boned fellows fron Iowaa rented:

herds,speelnl prices on so 1 b . nod
gilts. E. J. MATHEWrsno fartiaiii-ii- i313? filial).
:-

Bl Type Poland Chinna. Spring ice for sale
lTeaIthy and growth . From! llp . .
right. ’ ’L.. .. ,Bnrngg and} 8012,1580 there ’ use

   
      

7m-

 

  
    

 

 


 

  

sscoNo EDITION.

 

The markets in this edltlon were re-
vised and corrected on Thursday af-
ternoon, July 25.

WHEAT.

Farmers are again showing their pa-
triotic spirit by marketing wheat in
unusually liberal quantities where
threshing has started. In the south-
west receipts thus far this year have
exceeded all previous records for the
corresponding period in other years.
With the practical removal of maxi-
mum fixed prices by the government,
wheat quotations in the various mar-
kets for the new crop are ruling from
one to six cents above the minimum
government price. For instance in Chi-
cago where No. 1 red has a fixed price
of $2.26 per bushel, that grade sold
early this week from $2.26@2.30. Quo-
tations at Detroit are about one cent
above the government price. One year
ago the local quotation for No. 2 red
was $2.45 per bushel on this market.
Present prices here are:

No. 2 red ........... .3224
No. 2 mixed 2.22
No.2white 2.22

CORN.

Corn values have fluctuated during
week. Heavy receipts and the satis-
factory development of the new crop
were factors in changing the prices.
The visible supply of North America
decreased 659,000 bushels last week to
12,104,000 bushels. The situation in
England is unchanged with a moderate
demand from the mills. Shipments
from this country are in fair volume
and grades suitable for export are
meeting a firm demand. There have
been no shipments from Argentine for
two weeks. Exports from North Am-
erica since July 1 total 1,521,000 bush-
els against 2,240,000 bushels for the

' corresponding period a year ago. On
this date in 1917 they were paying
$2.27 per bushel for No. 3 corn at De-

 

    
  
 
   
   
     
 
  
 
 
 
  
    
     
    
       
   
  
  
    
   
  
   
   
  
   
 
   
  
   
     
   
   
    
  
  
  
    
    
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
      
     
  
    
   
   
  
   
 
   
  

troit. Present local prices are: ‘
N0. 3 yellow ........... $1.70
No. 3 yellow ............ 1.80
No. 4 yellow ...... ...... 1.70
No. 5 yellow ............ 1.50
No. 6 yellow ........ 2... 1:40

Values in Chicago are higheras fol-
lows: No. 2 yellow now being quoted
at $1.72@1.75; No. 3 yellow $1.66@
1.70; August corn $15514; September

31.5614.
OATS.

Trading in oats has been on a more
liberal scale the past week and the
feeling somewhat unsettled, with pric-
es changing. Reports indicate that the
crop is less promising than a fortnight
ago. Lack of moisture will cause a
shortage in some regions. New oats
are beginning to arrive in the Ohio
valley. The visible supply for the
United States decreased 1,498,000 bu.
Exports were 1,415,000 bushels, com—
pared with 1,841,000 bushels for the
same week last year. A year ago
standard oats sold on the local market
at 8799c per bushel. Present quota-
tions here are:

Standard tact-......DIOOIOQ79%
No.3White .....OOOIOOCOOI 9
No.4 white...............78

RYE.

The new crop of rye is beginning to
move, although the visible supply
shows a decrease of 10,000 bushels for
the week. New rye of No. 2 grade
sold in Chicago at $1.78 this week,
while the Detroit price for the same
grade is $1.70.

BARLEY.

New barley is now altered in Chi-
cago and some sold at $1.15, it not be-
ing suitable for milling purposes. Mill-
ers want good grades and are buying
quite freely. The crop is suffering
damage in some sections of Michigan
from a disease called “stripe."

BEANS.

. There is active demand for beans
and prices show an advance here and
at some of the upstate points. . The
.Detroit quotations are now $9.75

‘1 per cwt for cash shipments. At Chi-
there -is a slightly steadier tone,
momma comma in fair
donates ms

 
   
     

 

  
  

  
 

and good $17.50@18.75; culls $12@15;

16.50; medium and good yearlings $14
$12.25@14.25.

prime heavy steers $17.25@17.50; best
shipping steers $16.50@17; plain and
coarse $12.50@13.50;
950 to 1000 lbs $15@16.25; light year-
lings,
handy steers $12.50@13.50; fair to good $ 1 5
kinds $11@12; handy steers and heif~ ' '
ers, mixed $10.50@11.50; western heif-
ers $10@11; best fat cows $11@11.50;
butcher cows $8608.50; cutters $7.50@
8;
11.50; butcher bulls $9@10; common
bulls $7.50@8;
10.50;
springers $65@150.

Heavy and yorkers $20; pigs $20@25.

top lambs $17@17.50; yearlings $14.50
@15; wethers $13.50@13.75; ewes at

making 48,900 for the first half of the
week, comparing with 48,166 for the
same days last week. The market is
steady, with the best corn-fed cattle a
little higher than at last week’s close,
Illinois and Dakota steers having sold
{esterday at

 
   
  

beans there range a little lower, with
choice to fancy hand-picked quoted at
$11@11.50, and poor stock generally
ignored by the trade. Red kidneys at
$9.50@11.50; California white beans
bringing $13. _

HAY.

Receipts of hay are small and the
demand is firm. Prices here are steady
with last week as follows:

No. 1 timothy ..$21.50@22.00

Standard ... . . . . . . 20.50@21.00

Light mixed . . . . . . . . 20.50@21.00

No. 1 mixed . . . . . . . . . 17.00@18.00

No. 1 clover . . .. 15.00@16.00

Pittsburgh—Good hay is scarce and
bringing top prices. Poor grades are

not wanted.
follows :

No. 1 timothy . . . . . . .$24.00@24.50
No. 1 light mixed . . . . 20.50@21.60
No. 1 light clover. . . . 18.50@19.50
No. 1 clover . . . . . . . . 17.50@18.50

POTATOES.

The new crop from" southern points
is now moving in more liberal volume,
and prices are somewhat easier. Re-
ports indicate that Michigan potatoes,
particularly the early planted fields,

Quotations rule higher as

moisture.
ing well, although rains would
advantage Just now.

 

Live Stock Market Service *

 

are suffering somewhat for, lack of
Late plantings are develop-
be of

 
   
  
  
   
  
  
    
 
  
    
   
     
    
   
 
 
    
  
  
 
 

BU'I 'I'ER.

A ~ good demand exists for most
grades of butter. Prices are about
steady in the majority of the markets.
Detroit quotations are firm at 43@
43%c for fresh creamery extras, and
421,5 for do firsts. Chicago market is
' steady with creameries ranging from
381,5@431,§c. New York prices are 43%
@46c, and western creameries are
bringing 45c in Philadelphia~

CHEESE.

Production is decreasing, while the
demand continues active. Local prices
are firm to higher, with fiats quoted at
23%@251,§c for new and 260 for old.
In New York state fresh specials are
selling at 25%c and do average run
at 25@2514c. The Philadelphia trade is
firm with full milk offerings bringing
241/2@25%c. The Chicago trade is
strong with receipts in smaller volume

 

 

Reports for Thursday, July 25th
BUFFALO. DETROIT

Todaydtheimarket fgr hogs is hold- Cattle.

ing stea y w th yester ay, pigs selling

at $20.05, other grades $19.90@20.15. stgficflpgl 217.2%; s figogogftsgffeli‘: 25:
Lambs steady at $17@17.50; calves un- lower ’than Monday Others dull at
changed at $7@18. The cattle market Wednesday’s prices ‘

is dead. .Best heavy steers ...... $14.00@16.50

and the demand from all sources very
active. Daisies, double, have advanced
to 2414@24§4c, and do single 24%@
250. while Young Americas bring 24%

@25c.
EGGS.

The outlet for eggs is very good and
of such volume as to attract stock that
has been in storage. Prices show a
fractional advance in Detroit, with the
candied firsts in new cases from Mich-
igan points at 40% @410. The Chicago

CHICAGO salsa.btsersr.- til-288% $532‘Baihghfiat‘si‘yflri‘ain535.3
rs . . - '
Recei t 16 ogoattlti d d Handy light butchers 8.00@ 8.50 36"“- An irregular market “tam“ 1“
p s . - 00 gm 88 are Light butchers 7.25@ 8 00 New Ym‘k' With western White“ ”in“
strong; others slow and lower. Best cows _____ 850@ 9‘00 ing 50@520.
Good choice prime $17@18.35; com- Butcher cows """ 7'50@ 800 WOOL
follieféldfingfgfi2%‘5t01c‘gssgiggly gutters ...... 22:32:33 6175@ 7:00 On the opposite page of this issue
, . , . , - . anners. ....... .
bologna 1311118 $8-25@.12-75?d ctanfiers Best heavy bulls . . . . .. .. gggg 3.33 is a? aiiticlebgiigngf all}! explan’attign if
and cutteis $6.25@7.50,. goo s oc erg BOIogna bulls .8.00@ 8.50 XOOC Dries1 y ro(i irown, o be t
$e$i£§d§r388$éfig%%@13’ common an Stoc" buns 7-50@ 7-75 the exfmiiiin“ Jr St‘hrey vii/12:1 12311:-
0 Hogs €553}?ng """ " " ' " ‘ ' ' ' gHggglggg tries Board. In the event that any or
t uuuuuuuu e o e o c e e n . . o e d h d i h hi
Receipts 28,000. Market 15@25c Milkers and Springers.... 60@ 1.25 $32.12?) ear: zcgf-lédigds detglc: In “(133111:

lower than yesterday. Tops $19.10;
bulk of sales $17.90@18.90; heavy at
$18.60@18.80; mixed and light $18.70
@1890; packers’ hogs $17.60@18; me-
dium and heavy $17.75@18.50; light
bacon hogs $18.65@19.10; pigs, good
to choice $17.25@18; roughs $17.25@

Veal Calves. .
Receipts 1,035. . Market very dull
and 50c lower than Wednesday. Best
grades $15.75@16.25; others $8@14.
Sheep and Lambs.
Receipts 593. Market steady.

17.50. l'Bgislt 13$)? .......... . . .$1(73.33@17.75
. ..... . ........ . 16.25

Sheep and Lambs. Light to common lambs.. 140031500

Receipts 10,000. Market is steady. Yearlings ........ 10.00@14 00
Choice shorn natives $18.75; choice to Fair to good sheep 10.00@11'00
prime lambs $18.75@19.25; medium Calls and common 5.00@ 8.00

Hogs.
Receipts 1,755. Market steady to 100
lower than Wednesday.
Pigs and light weights. .$ 19.15
Mixed grades . . . . . . . . . . . 18.75@19.00

4 Reports for Wednsday, July 24th
BUFFALO.

Cattle.
Receipts 20 cars; market is slow:

medium and good and choice feeders
$15.50@16.50; choice yearlings $16@

@1625; wethers, medium and good at

then. Butcher stock is steady or low-
er this week, according to the quality,
grass lots being on the down grade.
Cows and heifers are salable at $7.60@
15, canning cows and cutters bringing
$6.50@17.50 and bulls $7.50@13. Prime
veal calves bring $17 @1750, and
stockers and feeders are having a
silowosale at $8@13, few selling above

best yearlings

good quality $13.50@15; best

Hogs.

Receipts today are about 13,000 head
the receipts for three days amounting
to 76,400 hogs, comparing with 87,306
for the same days last week. Prices
are slightly higher, hogs selling at
$17.60@19.25 for rough heavy packers
to prime light butchers and light bac-
on grades, while pigs sell at $16.75@
18.25 mostly. Heavy butchers sell at
$18.85@19.05. Hogs bring the highest
prices since last October, being 750
below the highest price ever paid, last
August.

canners $6@7; fancy bulls $11@

feeding
stockers $7 @8;

steers $8@
milkers and

Haas.
Receipts two cars; market strong.

Sheep and Lambs.
Receipts two cars; market lower;

$12@13. . Sheep and Lambs.
Calves. Receipts today are about 6,000 head,
This market is steady at $7 @18. 1xiilakinigh32,30000for three days, compar-
g w t ,89 for the same time last
Cflggfiecdl week. Smaller offerings are making

a better market, the best native lambs
Receipts today are about 12,000 head 1;
25c over yesterday’s best sale. Prime
range lambs would have sold at $19@
19.25 had any been offered; The best
ewes brought $13.50. Lambs were sal-
agllle allythe' way gown to $14@16 for
18.35. A ”gains“ the 2 5

 
  
           

w

 

‘5'}

selling today at $18.75, an advance 0. D

cago, Detroit or Boston, a list can be
obtained by addressing this office.

DETROIT CITY MARKET

The volume of the trading at the
Eastern Market is increasing each
week. Prices are being fairly well
maintained. New potatoes are now
selling at $1.30@1.90 per bushel; toma-
toes $6; green peppers $3; large cu-
cumbers $3; cabbage 75c; turnips $1;
lettuce 50c; sweet corn $2 per 10-doz.
bag; cauliflower $2 per bushel; rasp-
berries $10.50 per bushel; eggs 55c;
hay, old $24; new $18@21.

GRAND RAPIDS

The drouth in this section of the
state is severe and potatoes and other
crops suffer. Early home grown pota-
toes are bringing $150,492 on the city
market. Raspberries are nearly gone
and are worth around $4 per crate.
Eggs are quoted at 36@380. Grain
prices are as follows: Wheat $2.07;
§$t5s080c; corn $1.70; rye $1.50; beans

 

A fresh high record price for beef
steers was made in Chicago a few days
ago by the sale of 51 head of prime
Iowa fed cattle which averaged 1,631
pounds at $18.10. A year ago the best
sold at $14.15, up to that time the
highest price ever paid on the open
market, while the top was $11.30 two
years ago and $7.35 in July, 1913.
Many steers have been selling recent-
ly at $17.50 to $18. ‘

 

The Chicago provision market re-
mains in a firm position, despite much
larger stocks than in -recent‘ years,
with a large domestic and foreign de-
mand, and pork has advanced to about
$5 a barrel higher for future delivery
than a year ago, lard and short ribs
showing similar advances. Enormous
exports of provisions, mainly bacon
and lard, have been made every week,
and there was a reduction of 84,164,000
pounds in western stocks of provisions
during June, yet the holdings on the
first of July amounted to 58,000,000,
cunds more than a year earlier and
to, 114,000,000 pounds more than two
years ago. »

     
     
       
     

mime-Ira

 

 

  


 

 

 

  
  
  
 
 
 

    

 

Z “AanXplanat
Prof. George A. Brown, of M. A. 0.. an

Board, sends us the folloWlng letter
of our readers.

HE bulk of native fleece wool

has been appraised by approved

dealers at from sixty-five to six-
ty—seven cents, the bulk of it being
sold for sixty-five cents. While it
might appear from the prices which
the government is paying for scoured
wool that this wool should bring more
than this, it is well to remember that
their prices are for the scoured wool
delivered at the seaboard points where
it is manufactured into clothing and
from the government price which is on
the scoured basis we must deduct the
shrinkage of the wool which ranges
from forty to sixty-five per cent of the
fleece weight. Tlius with scoured wool
bringing $1.40 when sold to the gov-
ernment the following example would
indicate about what it would be worth
on the farm:

Many of our best medium wools will
grade as three-eighths staple for
which the government is paying $1.40
when it is scoured. Such wool would
shrink from forty-seven to fifty-one per
cent. Thus for one hundred pounds of
wool in the grease the farmer would
get fli’ty pounds of scoured wool worth
at $1.40 per pound, $70 or a value for
the grease wool of seventy cents per
pound. From the above price of sev-
enty cents per pound in the grease
must be ’deducted the freight from
your shipping point to the Atlantic sea-
board, interest on money used for
handling the wool and making an ad-
vance on it, loss in weight on account
of moisture and shrinkage, and the
one and one-half cents per pound com-
mission. allowed the local dealer in
country districts.

From this you will see that the price
of sixty-five cents per pound is per-
haps not far from correct, provided
your wool is not graded higherthan
three—eighths blood or does not shrink
less than fifty per cent. If you had a
fine quality of wool it might perhaps
grade better than three-eighths, in
which case it would be worth consid-
erably more than the figures given
above, or again it might shrink less
than fifty per cent, making it worth
somewhat more.

ion" of *Wool Prices-

      

HE “ '

advisory member of the Federal Wool
in answer to questions asked by one

yr... _ .

But from long experience in hand-

ling wool the large dealers know just

about what the wools from the differ
ent sections of the country grade and
about what they will scour and the
prices that have been offered for the
wools in different sections are based
on the average of all the wools com-
ing from: that part of the country. It
stands to reason that some have much
better wool and others much poorer.

If you feel that you have an espe-
cially good quality of wool and it has
been well cared for and handled it
would be advisable for you to consign
it to some one of the licensed dealers
and have them give you a scouring
test and they would then pay you ev-
ery cent that the wool is worth as
shown by actual trial and at a price
based on the scouring test of your
wool rather than on the average of the
wool from this part of the country.

The Wool Division of the War In-
dustries Board recommends that when
ever possible farmers pool their wool,
obtaining a carload if possible and con-
sign it to some of the approved deal-
ers in the distributing centers, thus
eliminating the one and one-half cents
per pound profit allowed local dealers
and obtaining every cent that their
wool is worth as determined on the
scouring basis.

If ‘it is too late to get the wool grow-
ers in your section together and make
up a carload it would be possible for
you to ship your wool direct to some
approved dealer. You would, however,
have to pay a higher freight rate than
as though a carload was being shipped.

Before shipping your wool you
should make arrangements for its ship-
ment and for getting an advance on
the price of the wool by taking the
matter up with them by correspond-
ence.

If you desire to organize a group of
farmers in your section of the state
for the shipment of your wool, Mr.
Freeman, the extension man in sheep
husbandry, will be glad to assist you
in any way possible.

G. A. BROWN,
Asso. Prof. of Animal Husbandry.

A Message to Our Milk Producers

By R. C. REED,
Field Secretary of Michigan Milk Producers V

HIS is the time for our people
to take action upon the future
of this industry.

Unusual conditions confront us. The
government has fixed, as a basis upon
‘Which to place every commercial ac-
tivity, a cost plus a ten per cent profit.
The officers of the Michigan Milk Pro-
ducers’ Association have been conser-
vative, yet we must come eventually to
a basis where we will receive the cost
plus a ten per cent profit.

We Must Respect Our Contracts.

No one deplores the erratic ways of
some of the producers more than your
field secretary. It has come to be con-
ceded by all good thinking men that,
in order to do the best work, we must
be steady to our purpose and hold to
every agreement we make. We must
not allow any petty grievances or
imaginary evil to swerve us from the
absolute discharge of our, every obli-
gation, and in order to obtain the bus—
iness principle for which we contend
——of a'price for our product that equals
the cost plus a profit—we must not
turn aside from our agreement.

This is the time when buyers wnl
offer an inducement of a' few cents
over the commission price to get more
milk. After they have induced produc-
ers to yielate their contract then the
I ‘ “ _ m Winetliatthey have

  

   

s

been able to buy our men for a‘ few
cents.

Buyers over Michiganhave our con—
tracts. We have sold our patron’s pro-
duct and if we fail to deliver we are
liable to suit and damages. Don’t let
anyone persuade you that these agree-
ments do not carry with them a dam-
age consideration in case of failure to
their performance. Not only this, but
we are trying to establish in the minds
of all good people that the milk pro-
ducer will honor his contract whether
he gains or loses by so doing.

Don’t Change.

Don’t attempt to change to another
buyer without consulting the agent.
Don’t think that the patrons of other
buyers have not just as great griev-
ances as have you.

Don't think that by changing you
will relieve yourself of the annoyances
incident to the business. When you
attempt to change you weaken your-
self in the estimation of your buyer
and also of the one to whom you would
sell. Mere than this—the .Detroit pa-
trons should be satisfied with the rul-
ings of the Detroit Commission.

Prices in Other Cities.

When we compare the prices receiv-
ed by the milk producers of the Detroit
area with those of other cities, we are
led 9t feel that

.-r’ "a ’

itunate in the decisions of th'e Detroit

we have been very for-

A

Area Milk Commission. The prices
quoted in other cities are laid down at
the city receiving station (mostly).
The price quoted in the Detroit area is
in the fifteen-cent zone. Add to the
$2.56, the Detroit price on milk, the
fifteen-cent zone freight rate and you
have $2.71 in Detroit as compared with
$2.47 in Philadelphia, and $2.30 in-
Chicago.
Commission Meeting.

Two very important problems will
come up in the near future before the
next Commission meeting. One is con-
cerning the gallon shippers’ problem.
These men are making strong conten-
tion concerning a better price than the
station shippers. We think that they
should receive, probably, ten cents per
hundred pounds more than the station
shippers. -

The Test Problem.

The test problem is before us. We
now have men sent .by Prof. Anderson
to devote their time to the Detroit
area. These men are paid by the col-
lege, and the buyer remits to the col-
lege. These men are under no obliga-
tion to the buyer—«only being told
where to make the test. Whether this
will be further extended or whether
another agreement between the milk
organization and the buyer, whereby
the agent will supervise and direct the
tester, are problems for immediate con~
sideration.

President Hull in Action.

President Hull is giving quitea por-

 

 

Order your silo now.
Then you ill (be sure
of gettiiigi t" initiate

 
  

is? choosefrom -
Saginawrsiéeisum.
Sexiesfleader
: Iberty

Write, usj’ for «catalog.
f . . ., ‘ _ ,. :‘ ’
The ,quc-iu

11

 

    
  
    

 

 

.—

A FORD CHASSIS

and $148 gives you a

_ , . from the Factory
One man (or woman) with a UNIVERSAL can plow.
mow. harvest. (-ultivsle or do any other farm or road
work that he could do with 4 big horsesmnd in most. car
as as much as a 81000 tractor and two men
Send for bulletin C.
Universal Tractor Co.,
An experienced man desires

tendent or formsn on stock-farm. Famil
address 5. M. W. Box 273. Chelsea.

Growers, dShippers
co-nporaiive Associations

 

position as superin-
wife.
leh.

 

tion of his time. to the work in the
Detroit area. The field secretary’s
work is calling him, not only to the
Detroit area, but over the entire state.

Last week's meetings were held at
Eureka, Goodrich, and Fenton. This
week meetings will be held at Cadillac,
Traverse City, Manistee and Honor.
Many buying centers in the state are
urging the state association to become
the selling agent for their product. It
is only because of the lack of available
help that we are not entering into a
broader field.

 

LIVE STOCK NEWS.

 

Pork has been selling in the Chicago
market about $5 a barrel higher than
a year ago, with similar advances
shown in lard and shortribs, yet con-
sumption far exceeds all past records,
the food administration bureau being
an enormous buyer. During a recent
week the bureau purchased in the Chi-
cako market 100,000,000 pounds of ba-
con for delivery up to the end of the
year. Recently the south has become
a liberal buyer of the cheaper cuts of
cured hog meats, prices for these
showing a larger discount below short—
rigs than usual.

While fat-cattle have been selling at
the highest prices on record, grassy
offerings are‘ too abundant and show
declines in prices. The time has ar-
rived when it seems best to market
cattle weighing 1.300 pounds and over,
and it seems to be a good plant to re-
place such with feeding steers weigh-
ing 950 to 1,050 pounds, as they can
be fed corn on grass and made into
good beeves in ninety to 120 days.
Such cattle are well suited for army
and homes wants. Unfortunately, the
packers are buying up most of such
feeders, and not many are going to
feeding districts which weigh over 900
pounds.

Not only are hogs marketed far more
extensively than a year ago, but their
materially increased weight vastly in-
creases the aggregate production of
fresh and cured hog products. , Recent
weeks saw the hogs marketed in Chi-
cago average in weight 237 pounds, be-
ing seven pounds heavier than a year
ago and four pounds heavier than two
years ago, their average weight being
the same as the general average .for
corresponding weeks of the past sev-
en years.

HORSES

 

Psrclimns. llslslsm. has, Shropshirss, nurses
DO“ D. DUILL. Elmira. Mm.

 

Stallions and mates of reasonable
Percheronrim; inspection invited. ,
l'. L. KING a 80 . - - - Charlotte. Mich.

Two Percheron stallions two Percher-
F0? sale on mores Liberty Bonds accepts

 

mesons.

 

Willis-ashes. was.

LJ. 3d.“

.' " '-.. - av .. fl .-

n. J. acumen. - - . - Tokanshn, Mich.
‘ of Re later-ed Percheron Mares
One 8111mm: Priced right. '

We ask you to get in touch with us by
letter or wire at once and we will as-
sist you in marketing your shipments
in an intelligent and business like man-

ner. Our Specialty is Cal-lots. Small
fruits wanted right now. Loading Dis-
tributor for Michigan. .

National Growers & Shippers
Sales Co., Inc., Detroit, Mich.

Salesrooms Jefferson Ave., at Mich.
Central Produce Yards.

Mr. POULTRY FARMER:

We make a specialty of White Hennery Eggs and
have created a profitable market for your 6283 the
year around . We pay the highest premium for your
Hennery Whites—We remit same da shipments
arrive. Ship Often—Ship by press
GEO. R. ELDRl DOE CO.
4%18th Street. Detroit. Mich.
Remember! We guarantee you satisfaction with every shipmt,

 

 

We are paying good pm-

luxury for eggs not over foru-
EGGS. or five daysiold, direct ski
0 ments from the farm. 8

lto us or write for particno

AMERICAN BUTTER. fighEESE COMPANY.

De; rout, Mich.
—

 

Ship To The Old Roll-Isle Haul.
Daniel McCsffsq’s

623-025 W“ M m.

 

HOGS

 

for July and August furrow. 00 e d
w. J. HAGELSIILAW. m m ”“th

 

Poland China Swine :5, :38 “9“
R.W. MILLS, . . . . . Baline,Mich.

 

Bit"? ’1' Ca 1”“? “’33? "“33; "ii’dw‘mtéfia‘h‘
's,prce or uya u'.
pleas... c. E. GARNANT. linen 11:15:32? Mici':
‘ Spring Roars f l ,
Big Type P- C. shire Ram 13mg.“ 0 alsoHa-r
Soline. Mich.

A. A. W'OOD d: SON.

 

 

Hampshire .n boa, p,
JOHN w. SNYDER. n.

Yorkshire: For Sale. .3...

farmwine. WATERM A
Packard Road, - _

 

wu muse: and

Ann Arbor. Mich.

 

 

 

 

 

SHEEP

KOPE-KON FARMS.

Goldwater, Mich.

 

It's a. wise man who orders his run for August
elivory now.

['1' PAYS TO BUY PUI‘E sun SHEEP W
PARSONS "rs-m '

52"“ in. mus-n w .
“ Oxrro'rdn' shmgm unarmed-m
PARSONS.GrandLedce.Iich. B U

       
      

 

o .I R
Inglesl e Farm 21,53. wwmnim‘“. 3“

m
)‘earl i nus.“ ewes fr 1 t . '
HERBERT E. POWELL) 7 years dd Gianna" ”2512::

Some Bond Breeding Ens ..
Barnard Sheep Ranch. R. 5. Class. lick. i
year!

For Shropshire 0,031}

ARMSTRONG 8308..

 

 

on

B. I. Fades-vino.

 

GEO. T. ABBOTT, Pol-n. Mm

‘When writing to advertisers pleue mm

 

 

 

 
  

3'!

The Mmlugnn’ ' I‘m

1.x.

 

“lulu, Mich. ,

Pigs only. for sale now. I bargain ,‘

l

l
i

real Tractor Direct l“

1

1

Sons.
fl '0’.‘

I AnGE '1‘pr P, 0. Just 5 choice summer cilts btodi
J
Augusta. Mich. .

Bred gilts and sows (£311; '
N a WATERMAN. '

Hampshires & Shropshires. ,

sndrsgsrtue-ilodnm ‘

ngs or lab Isms writs.i
..... g,

FOR SAIE wad-:xéhm all ans-l

i

    

 

 

 

 

 

 

    
   
  
    
  
 
 
   
   
   
   
  
  
   
    
    
   
    
 
  
  
  
   
     
   
   
  
 
   
  
  
 
    
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
   
  
  
  
  
   
 
  
  
   
 
   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  

 
   
 

  

  

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the car owner Who keeps a careful
record offimz‘ cost, cost of MM mile
of wear, and the final cost, is bound
to recognize the truth in the uni-
versal judgment of Fisk users-—
that tire value, mileage and anti-
skid protection, as standardized by
the good old reliable

( FISK NON-SKID

‘\7‘.
.\

1‘ ' l
0‘ 13 the greatest that money can buy

—consistent1y dependable, always.

Sold by your A Fisk Service Branch ‘_ V l

Home Dealer conveniently near ,' I