’ ‘ x I \‘v “ ,_,- . . , 1 .- K- " um, , 1. ‘Ww"‘ -‘-~ " 'azwww-nfiau.‘ ., .v .. ‘* _,,. .. 1,... my ‘wa-‘A-g-a-d Mw-o - ‘ ”v -\ .u ”knit-.4. “,2 . “/flw‘nv- .MICHIGAN ‘ 2 VOLUME CLII. M" l l fiflépswgtxzr. /PUBL15” rigor MAJ! $501843- do EST/‘5 A Practical Journal for the Rural Family A QUALITY A RELIABILITY SERVICE NUMBER ELEVEN HIS article is to tell the story of waste. It Will tell of food de- _ struction almost unbelievable in amount. The things covered in this a1 tIcle affect the angCultural interests so vitally, and the public welfare so I intimately, and the facts and instances heIe cited seem so indicative of radical errors in handling that the reader will state emphatically that if these things are so—then every effort must be made to remedy them. In pre esenting the material at hand, I shall keep strictly in my field as plant pathologist, selecting only a small sec- tion of the big problem involved in the marketing of a sound p1 oduct In short, this aIticle will look at the high cost of rotted produce—what it costs the farmer to ship it, and what it costs the public to have it rot—~thI ough the eyes of the plant .doctor,_diagnosing the ail- ments, pointing out their extensive ravages, and prescribing, where the facts war1ant,a cuIative or preventive measure. The method will be to cite well authenticated instances which have been broughtto the writer’s at- tention. Sweet potatoes in the stores have al- ways been a high-priced food—they are selling now in East Lansing for six cents a pound. When we buy one sweet potato we pay .for two that we never see. harVested them, but they retted long before any human being could utilize _ them for their intended purpose. “But,” you say, “of course they did. Anyone knows that the sweet potato isa highly perishable commodity.” ‘ Right there is the hub oflthe whole story. The sweet potato is not a high- ly perishable product if you treat it~ right. Nature has given it a tough skin, even though shehas given it a sweet flesh, readily rotted. A sweet potato is Worth as much as a sound apple—, but contrast the method of handling! A sweet potato is dug and prepared for market by ignorant labor and ship« ped in the flimsiest of hampers or bar- rels. Bruised and wounded from the outset, every hamper is about one-third liability in rotted potatoes. The house- wife who buys a large package of sweet potatoes at a bargain price usually loses in the transaction. The mishand- led product will not keep- ‘ I mentioned apples as a criterion for handling~but perha‘ps'that was a trifle hasty statement. I should have said some apples. One day in August I looked over the mm of produce in the Detroit yards and although several cars of apples were in the yards, there wasn’t a single first-class shipment to be found. The stuffwas either rotted, bluised or wormy. There were some Keifer pears there, shipped all the way rom South Carolina, and the market men were scooping them out of the car. A mere rotted, slimy, wormy, maggoty mass of gaIbage never' stood on track. The man who was found Who could do this work of dumping this fruit, de- manded and got a wage of $6. 00 a day. Black; rot and bulk shipments told the story- . , Last summer We were in the throes of the food— saving campaign. Craters, posters, circulatrs, volleyefd and thun- .1319 111959989 brought is. a Nature grew them, labor ~ ,ulative" business. Careful C ”It: eating, Spraying, Fertilizing and Ham/ling Watt/(2' Save Mil/10m of Dal/arr ”70715 of Perzséaé/e Produce. «By from a semi-officialgovernment report that rotted potatoes blocked the piers of New York for five days. go of five days duration had to be plac- ed on potato receipts on seven piers in New York City to permit the clean- ing up of yards and trackage congested with slimy, soft-rotted potatoes. Unless you have walked through a labyrinth of tracks in a great market like New York or Chicago, you can not conceive of the immensity of loss which such An embar- G. H Coom. onions were bringing a very high price Ninety thousand sacks of onions on California docks were ruined by Black Mold‘ in November, 1918. Eight cars shipped to New York in December were a total loss. Cars of celery from Sanford, Florida; arrived on all markets in poor condi- tion in 1918. As many as four cars at a time stood in the Chicago yards as a total loss. The trouble was watery soft rot. One grower, after paying the This Loss of Farm Products is a Heavy Toll on the Industry. conditions must indicate; and yet, the pctato is as hardy and transportable a cemmodity’as you would want if you treat it right. Keep it from frost, sort it up to a government standard, and you have a product ready for a trip across the continent or the ocean. In June, 1918, as high as fifteen hun- dred hampers of head lettuce were dumped in Chicago. Whenever you pay from ten to twenty- -.five cents a head for this toothsome salad plant, just think of anywhere from three to ten heads that are not presentable because their leaves had soft rot, either'in the field or car. ' Don’t forget that your bill includes the price of these rotted ones, as well as the -maI ket man’ s pro- tectlon against thIs risky cemmodity. Handling this product is a highly spec- The public pays for all market speculation - In July, 1918, in Chicago, three car- time as well ase'warI tithe nodes-I" feeds of onions from Stockton» Were- ‘ "this dime of ”food dumped'because of rotted condition, at. ' ' igan shipments-Michigan with her freight and icing chaIges on a. car, owed the Exchange $28 on the ship- ment. Six cars of egg-plants and four cars of peppers were dumped in a single day in New York City. - About twenty-five per cent of all the pineapples shipped are lost from decay between the field and market. One car received in Chicago recently show- ed only twelve boxes of sound fruit out of one hundred and eighty. There is a. reason for pineapples being worth twenty-five to fifty cents apiece. Florida oranges now arriving in New York are showing from fifty to fifty- five per cent damage. Blue mold rot is the principal cause. A sound orange, properly packed, is an asset to the grower—a sciatched,b1uised orange is a liability. Every rotted orange is con- "'sidered when the great laws of trade operate to fix the price the public pays fer goods. . “But,” you say, “these are not Mich- thIgh Cost Of ROttcd Produce closeness to a dozen big markets—so close that only a few days’ haul will reach any of them—Michigan must be free from such reports of her 0WD. products!” As I write I haxe at my hand some- thing like two hundred reports on re- cent Michigan shipments. These are the reports of the Federal Food In- spections of the Bureau of Markets which have been IefeIIed by the De- paItment of AincultuIe to the Agri- (ultuIal College fOI consideration. Tak- ing them at Iandom I find a car of po- tatoes from Grand Rapids showed six per cent of Black Heart when inspect- ed at Buffalo. Besides the loss of the affected potatoes, this disease will cut the price of the cars anywhere from fifteen to thirty-five cents a bushel. Here is another car with eighteen per cent Tuber Rot when inspected at New Orleans. There were two hundred and seventy-three sacks in the car—- the equivalent of fifty of them worth- less. They were, indeed, worse than worthless, because freight had to be paid on them and it took high-priced labor at the. market to sort the good from the bad. Here is a car showing Dry Rot twelve per cent, Wet Rot fourteen per cent. These were white potatoes in sacks. The wet followed mechanical cuts and frost. Fifteen per cent show- ed effects of having been frozen. With- out stopping to fix the responsibility— here we have a worthless car of pota- toes. When farmers chafe under the prices paid for produce, they must re~ member that the shipper is pro-rating the losses on a car like this one over the business of the year. \Vhen the public wonders at prices in the field and prices in the marked—here at least is one of the many Ethiopians in the woodpile. A Michigan car Rapids showed from twelve to fifteen per cent of scab and six to eight per cent bad cuts. This car probably sold fairly well last year—»t‘leveland mar- kets being good and tubers being at a. premium when these arrived. But the market ratings put a tax of ten cents or more per bushel on this car on ac- count of scab, and six to eight per cent of the tubers were culled out. A car of onions left a town in west- ern Michigan last year. These were yellow onions in sacks. They showed in Philadelphia markets sixty per cent Slimy Soft Rot. It doesn’t take a jury to decide how much a rotted onion is worth. The question before us is—Is it-worth while paying freight on it? A car of Kalamazoo celery, “Liberty Brand,” showed fifty per cent Slimy Soft Rot. The prudent housewife sees in the market “celery hearts”——they look like a bargain. The grocer has these celery hearts because the succu- lent outer stalks have rotted away. The thrifty “cull stock” men of the market have trimmed off the rot and the epi~ 1 curean “hearts of celery" are ready. Somebody is paying for this lost cel- ery. A car of celery from Tecumseh, Michigan, showed one hundred per- cent Slimy Soft Rot when inspected in Pittsburgh. Another car, after being *9 shipped from Manchester to Detroit, showed seventy per cent Watery Soft Rot _r mks“ 1 , A car. of cabbage from Saginawg ' (Continued on page 499), shipped from Grand ’ _ I . r v ' " . 1 J I \ g , , . URTHER emphasis should not be F required to establish the just claim of Michigan bean growers who have not yet marketed their product,» to a fair share of the benefit of the gov- ernment order for three hundred and fifty cars of Michigan beans at $9.25 per cwt. But the bean jobbe'rs of the state who participated in this order have apparently decreed otherwise. Whether from cupidity, as it would ap- pear, or from pressure of creditors, as many of them assert, the dealers have apparently determined to absorb the entire benefit of this order, instead of sharing it with the patriotic farmers of the state who so generally responded to the call for increased food produc- tion. Our current advices indicate that during the past week prices at many points in the state have been marked down to the lowest point this season, and that by dealers who participated liberally in the government order. The Trend of the Bean Market. In this connection the trend of the bean market at primary points since the first of the year will be of interest. Quotations for choice hand-picked beans on the Detroit Board of Trade were steady at $0.00 per cwt. during ‘the’first three weeks of January, after which the quotation was marked down rapidly until it reached the$6.50 mark the last week in February. Following the news of the government purchase of three hundred and fifty cars of Michigan beans on a block order _at $9.25 f. o. b. Michigan common points, the local quotation was raised, reach- ing a maximum of $8.00 during the first week in March; only to be reduc- ed again by regular steps to $7.25 per cwt. last week. It is a matter of com- mon knowledge that for the most part the Detroit quotations are nominal in character, more often expressing the views of the trade than being a record of actual sales. For example, early in February when the local quotation, rep- resenting nominal vaiues at shipping points, was $7.50 per cwt., the local office of the Bureau of Markets report— ed that beans were being sold to De— troit distributors in jobbing lots at 38.506179, and a few at still higher pric- es. But beans could not be moved in volume at these prices to dutside mar- kets, which fact was reflected in the progressive lowering of local quota- tions. In other principal primary markets, current price history has had a similar trend. The New York market for pea. beans rallied under the influence of the government purchase of Michigan stock, but last week lost most of the advance, with jobbing salesreported down to $7.50 and some good lots offer- ed for less. This situation is reported to be due to an increased pressure to sell, due to the small outlet for pea beans and the sluggish condition of the 3 domestic trade. At Chicago the feeling, is more firm, due to reported strength in some of the leading outside markets. Holders are inclined to ask for better prices, but buyers are critical as to quality, which should favor the Michigan product, which is of vastly better quality this year than was the case last season. ,Jobbers Playing Safe. But it seems now too apparent, that the government purchase of nearly half of the beans held by Michigan jobbers at a price which should allow the fav- , ored dealers a profit 0n stocks purchas- ed at the maximum price paid Michi- ' gan‘i‘growers this year will not stabilize - the present market at anywhere near » that level. Hare Ephshin'giremaining stocks on the market wherever possible at present . .quotkéfleneof-T‘aronnd $7.50 per cwt.:des : 11mm mnrking‘uuotations to the he Mic The most trustworthy 1'9, port's obtainable indicate that jobbers .- wweu down to-a. $5.00 basis in many - ' cases, after absorbing their apportion- ed share of the profit from the govern- ment purchase, although in a few cas- es our reports show that dealers made an effort to stabilize values at a higher point, some even coming through with an $8.00 quotation. But the general effect of the government order seems to have been bearish as to quotations, the evident intent of the- favored job- bers being to unload Present stocks at prices which will “average" them safe- ly out of the deal and to make new purchases only on a safe discount from even present market values. While this' will give growers who still have beans to sell an opportunity to sell their beans, it will be at a price so far below the cost of production as to ma- terially discourage next year's planting. Probably the factor of greatest influ- ence in this determination is the quan- tity of beans now seeking a market in this country. Many California beans are still held by growers. Much of this stock is said to be of relatively poor quality, which is always a bearish factor in the market, and particularly this year when the demand for canning beans has slackened as compared with the war demand. Idaho is also offer- ing beans liberally, and foreign beans are freely quoted on eastern markets, ‘ including Japanese, Manchurian, Chil- ean and Australian products. These stocks. are, however, quoted at prices comparable with the domestic product, and are not a large factor in domestic. consumption. The Foreign Demand. As against these bearish factors there is to be considered the possible outlet which will come with the lifting of the blockade against the countries of central Europe, which is expected shortly to result from the Peace Con- ference. The people of some of these starving countries are habitual bean eaters, and are accustomed to a pro- duct similar to our own. What this may mean to the future of our bean It may pro- market is problematical.‘ V igan 'vide an outlet for our surplus which will be reflected? by a sharp reaction in prices. On the Other hand, a large de- mand may not materialize. The Bean Division of the Food Administration Grain Corporation has stated that its requirements were fully met by the re: cent purchase, yet it is learned upon good authority that the bean 'jobbers' are still hopeful of getting a further order of two hundred cars. With no stabilizing influence, the future of the bean market is highly speculative. To those who have appealed to us for ad- vice as to What to do with their beans, we can only say, here are the facts so far as we have been'able to secure them to date. What the future may develop we cannot tell. The following excerpts from readers’ letters give prices which are being quoted at interior points: St. Johns, March 8.—-Our dealers are not buying beans. They say they can- not get a market for them. They would pay $5 per cwt. if they could get them for that. Woodland, March 8.-—Our local deal- er is offerings $6 per cwt. They claim the market mon’t allow them to pay higher prices. ~ , Cedar Springs, March 7.——Dealers in this vicinity are paying from $5.25@64 for beans. Morrice, March 8.—~The manager of the local elevator quotes beans at $5.50 per cwt. Mt. Pleasant, March 8.—-—After the be maneeting at Detroit last month, dealers started to buy at $5. They ad- vanced to $7 and are now at $5 again. Grant, March 8.——Our local buyers are at this date offering $5 per cwt, or $3 per bushel. Sand Lake. March 8.—My dealer said this morning that he could only pay $5. a. Ellsworth, March 8.——Chatterson & Son, of Mt. Pleasant, are paying $5 per cwt, for hand-picked beans. THE STATE FARM BUREAU COM- PLETES PLANS. A meeting of the egecutive commit-~ tee of the State Farm Bureau organ- ized during Farmers‘ Week, was held at East Lansing last week. Plans were l 12m H 1 MM!” m Lflimm nearlaeoeaw r “ 4‘. .A’.’_,...,6 ' 5 ' w“ “' 31 2' j, +,.‘-. fit". ”“7???” 3:1“.fii5'I'F‘FQ‘m > .» » .. _ . . *.-‘ A Comfortablekandlnexp'enelve Tenant house. 2 >- , ' .‘ 1’ . ' ‘. ‘1 ‘5 ‘ ' ' ‘ 4 REAR Id] - BATH 06-1-0: . l . i ' ‘ : r. l‘ sink Cutie, , ~ w 'V ./‘J.; u - )* ii" I", r 1 , - »mittee completed for the financing, of the en- terprise and 'a ways and means com- was appointed to havegfull charge of the financesof the organizao tion. The plan contemplated a mem- bership fee from the several county farm bureaus of the stateand alSo a guarantee fund of which interested farmers. at the state will be asked to lend their credit to cotter expenses as may be reduired duringfthe year. This plan will be announced in detail at an early date. Mr. C. A. Bingham was elected permanent secretary, and will at once establish an office in Birming- ham, Michigan, which will be the head- quarters for the organization during ‘the balance of the present; year at least. , NO FURTHER. GUARANTEE ON PORK PRIGES. New export regulations applying to pork and pork products issued by the War Trade Board, effective March 6, caused the Food Administration to an‘ nounce tonight that it cannot continue the stabilization of the price of live hogs. This means that the price of $17.50 per hundred pounds, which has been maintaine‘dvby agreement between the ’FoodAdminiatration and the packers. will go by the board. Officials of the Food Administration believe the effect may be an increase in price rather than a dr0p as had been expected by those who have urged that ‘ the government cease all price fixing of food. COUNTY CROP REPORTS. Osceola Co.,‘March 5.—‘—-The absence of snow is hard on wheat and rye. Hay is selling for $18@24 per ton; potatoes $1.20 per cwt; hogs 150; eggs 30c. Livingston Co.—Wheat and rye are looking good. Farmers are getting $3.60 per cwt for 3.5 per cent milk; hogs bring $16.50 per cwt; potatoes 90c; butter 50c for No. 1; eggs 35c. Ionia Co.—-Wheat and rye, though somewhat brown on top, have wintered good so far. Potatoes $1 per cwt; hogs $16; stores are paying 320 for eggs and Me for dairy butter; milk testing 3.5 is bringing $3.20 per cwt. at con-’ densary, with 300 out for hauling. Gratiot (lo—Wheat looks good yet, but has been damaged some by the ,. freezing weather. $15@16.50; milk $3 per cwt; potatoes $1; butter 350; eggs 34c. Tuscola Co.——~This has been a good winter for live stock of a1 kinds. Wheat and rye have, come through thewinter in fairly good condition, though there has been very little snow and ground ‘ has been bare most of the winter. The potato market is dull, dealers offering only 60c per bushel; hogs $16; cream~ ery butter 500; eggs 35c; milk $2.50 per cwt. Bay Co.——Wheat and rye are now covered with about eight inches of snow. The following prices are paid for produce; Potatoes 950 per bushel; eggs, 35c; butterp45@50c; milk $3Vper cwt; pork $20.50pércwt. , Clare Con-Wheat and rye are badly winter-killed; on account of no snow and so much ice on the ground, it is hard to say just what the result will be. There is no demand for potatoes. LoCai quotations are: Rye $1 per bu; wheat $2; oats 55c; peas $1.25; barley $1.70 per cwt; buckwheat $2.70; hay $24; cream 490; eggs 30c. Huron (lo—Wheat and rye are good but the acreage is light. There are no potatoes being sold, it being too cold for, shipping. Hogs are selling at $14 . @16 per cwt milk 70 per qt; dairy but- ter 40c; eggs 32c. Montcalm Co.——Wheat and rye are in fair condition. to date. _ Price on po- , tatoes is not satisfactory. Growers who have held should have $1 per bu. in order to- payexp‘enses-‘andhave a. living left. Potatoes now bring- .90c per cwt; hogs $18.50; eggs 32c. ' - . Kent Co.-~The condition of wheat and rye is unchanged from a month ago; next month will tell the story on ' wheat. Pork dressed brings 1‘8@19c; . Petatoesr 9,06@t1; milk -3 .25 per cwt; .Ibutter 55c: 9888;38@4.0¢-2 ’2 ~' ,Gratiot Co._—+ eat and rye'db , cant! "I Hogs are selling for ' . ~M'W-mc“~. ‘5 M. i"-,*- - -. \ ‘not, ~ ..v..\,,...,.\., . ’ , . . x .mm‘” ~ -. 1.. .wM'MM-Mw,. -\,‘.‘ .._,.,_, “A‘ .W: ‘4- at. "i' mum 1.5"”, ill/”‘1" MC}; I"'2" W 3/ ”Nil/h,3 “mi-ii ‘ '7' um; 1pm,,” cmo 1’1 lamp 0 PM“; kw‘v’u'iu“ \ .\1 \ N :\\‘I‘ HE tide of democracy has swept the Hohenzollerns, the Roman- offs, the Hapsburgs and Tur- key’s Sultanic tyrant from the bowed shoulders of humanity. The crash of crowns has left grave issues for the people of this land to face. One of these issues is the general 1eduction of prices that is sure to come during the period of reconstruction. The var- ied industries of our social and eco- nomic structure are so inter—dependent, one» upon the other, that it is the es- Sence of Bolshevism for any, single in- terest to depart frOm the principles of even- -handed justice and launch a pro- gram of special privilege. _ The strength of our nation lies in the fact that we are more than one hundred million American citizens, each with privileges equal to those of everybody else. The moment we begin to claim special rights, not because we are citizens, but because we are man- ufacturers, bankers, farmers or labor- ers, we are getting away from a repub- lic fo1m of government. There can be no sweeping reduction of prices dur- ing the next few months without ser- iously upsetting our whole social and economic structure. Woodrow Wilson has laid down a maxim, at the world peace conference, that nations, little or large, must be given the freedom of self-determina- tion so long as they do not attempt to trample upon the rights and freedom and opportunity of other nations. Is it too idealistic to suggest that the in dustries of this land he joined into a league, similar to the league of na- tions, in which there shall be domina- tion of no particular interest? Wood- row Wilson alone cannot bring about stableand ~just conditions here. Capi- tal, agriculture, manufacturers, labor, working singly cannot hope to do it. But all of us, farmers, laborers, man- ufacturers and' bankers working and cooperating and planning and reason- ing together in the new spirit of demo: cracy, fashioned and purified in the sacrifices of war, can establish a’ pro- gressive, live and let live policy under Modem Agriculture Arts for N0 Sperm Prim/eggs or Fawn, But Economic So/zdarzfy zgm‘b By Wallace a social and economic system to .which the new Republics of the world will look for counsel and guidance and, above all, for example. If we fail to demonstrate to thesegroping people that a great democracy can function smoothly in restoring order and pro- gress and happiness from the chaos of a world 11 ar we have no right to as- sume world leadership under the new ideas and conditions begotten by the war. The Trend of Prices is Downward. Consumers ought to feel happy that we have a large supply of food and that prices am beginning to go down- ward. Extreme prices have encouraged the raising of everything. There is a bumper crop of wheat and corn. Cows and hens will be well fed and that means plenty of milk and eggs. There is‘a tremendous surplus of pork pro- ducts. In the United States there is today nearly $600,000,000 worth of cat- tle more than there was a year ago. Poultry is plentiful in all parts of the country. There is so much food that we don’t know what to do with it. At p1esent there is only a light demand from ab1oad. Nor is it food alone that is being af- fected. Reductions in cloth prices has begun, both wool and cottOn fabrics being affected. Yet prices have not declined sufiici ntly to make any very sweeping reductions to the consumers. The best posted authorities think that the return of prices to anything like the pre—war level will be delayed for some time. Supplies are short in coun— tries'where shipment is now impossible and this, backed by large volumes of credit and currency available as soon Other 172 teresls. M. Kenyon as conditions in Europe are determin- ed will constitute a strong factor in fa- for of holding a relatively high range of prices. Prices must follow costs, and the cost prices are not going to be reduced rapidly in this and other countries. Freight charges have just been large- ly reduced on the ocean, but not to pre-war rates, and railway rates are not being reduced at all. In fact, the railroads seem to be moving to a con- dition wherein another advance in freight rates will be necessary. We have no doubt that, by and large, a piivate enterprise can ope1 rate a given business and earn a. piofit cheaper than the government can operate it without a profit. And yet, few of us are rash enough to sue gest that the goveinment should 1eturn the 1ailroads without adopting some safe and sane system of control under which it could protect them until normal conditions are restored. Such a move at this time would be a confession of weakness on the part of the government, and might prove a body blow to other interests of the country. Probably the greatest obstacle to any immediate decline in prices, par- ticularly in the prices of food stuffs and clothing, is found in the govern- ment’s policy of price—fixing. The price- fixing policy was adopted, it will be re- membered, to protect the consumer against any unreasonable rise in the prices of necessities, and to stimulate the producer to do his utmost by pro- tecting him against any sudden drop in prices or unforeseen decrease in de- mand for his products. It was a war- time necessity and it produced results i PI‘ICCS that enabled us to put over our prob- lem of winning the war decisively with a minim‘um loss of life and equipment. Yet many consumers are wondering why, in the midst of this era of plenty, they should be paying war prices, and the government exercising its war-time control of prices. The New York Pro~ duce Exchange has asked the govern- ment to discontinue its policy of price- fixing as now applied to hogs, grain and other food stuffs, to the end that prices may return to their normal and natural bases, controlled only by condi- tions of supply and demand, and so bring about a material reduction in the cost of living, now becoming so heavy a burden for the mass of our people. It claims that such a reduction of liv- ing expenses is being especially called for in the present period of reconstruc- tion and readjustment where there must be a considerable discharge of la— bor, or possible reduction in wages to meet diminished demands incident to stoppage of the intense war activities. Consumers Are Patriotic. While it is important that food pric- es decline, the average consumer is in favor of the government standing by its promise, rather than excite a panic through failing to back up the farmers who have planted wheat and raised hogs as they would never have done otherwise. Some of the leading commercial pub- lications are complaining about the government maintaining the prices of hogs. One of them lambasts the Food Administration for fixing the price of hogs for February. as for January, at $17.50 per hundred pounds. “A war price, a starvation price at a time when stocks of surplus meats are piling up so rapidly. All the while the city con- sumer pays fifty cents a pound for ham as if there wasn’t a hog on earth.” There has been much talk in congress and elsewhere about fabulous profits the big packers have made and about; how the Food Administration helped them by keeping prices up to a high level. But how could the government have kept its promises to the farmers fist—W“ = a; ”smeared Sh‘orthorn" Cattle. 1} without also enabling the packets to 'sell his stocks before prices took- a. drop. If the packers’ profits are too‘ large they can be taxed, but if the farmer’ s prices threaten to fall below a ceitain level, production will fall off, and the country will sufier. Mr. Hoover answers the critics of the Feed Administration by saying: “It is no more possible to demobilice in a Week the whole of these great and in~ tricate forCes set up during the war. than it is to demobilize our army by dismissing it on the field. And, pend- ing these solutions, our American farmers, merchants, packers and banks simply must stand together for two or three months to carry our excess sur- plus over until the markets of the world have been more extended and finally liberated by peace.” We are prepared to export over fif- teen million tons of food this year, al- though before the war we exported but five million tons a year. If the war had lasted another year every pound of this increased production would have been needed by our allies before next fall. But the armistice came sud- denly, freeing shipping from military use and re—opening to the allies the cheaper South American and Colonial markets, where, in addition, they could .have more liberal credits and markets for their manufactured goods. As soon as peace is declared and the markets of Europe are open to our trade there is sure to be a great demand for food for millions of months, even greater than our large surplus can supply. In fact, our best posted trade authorities de‘ clare that if the entire consuming pop- ulations of the world were able to ob- tain meats and fats, there would be a grave shortage, instead of a surplus in America today, even with the great crop of hogs we will soon have to mar- ket. There are 4,600,000 more hogs in America today than was the case a year ago. But for the next few months we face a critical situation. It is a time when we cannot afford to rock the boat, or claim special privilege in the matter on government price-fixing. The high price of wheat is a contrib- uting cause to the high prices of other grains, which in turn holds up the pric- es of meat, poultry and dairy products. The government has promised to the farmers of the country to pay for their 1919 crop of wheat a price equivalent to $2.26 a bushel at Chicago, in case they cannot get that price in the open market. Why, asks the consumer, should wheat sell here at $2.26 a bushel when selling in Argentina at $1.28, and when Canada and Australia are ready to un- dercut us a dollar? Why should corn be $1.36 in Chicago and fifty-seven cents in Buenos Aires? Or oats sixty- eight cents in Chicago ‘and thirty-seven cents abroad? Why, he asks, should flour stay at $12 a barrel with an exist- ing glut and with a crop of wheat, probably exceeding one billion, one hundred million bushels in sight? No true American wants the govern- ment to break its promise to the farm- ers, but there is an almost unanimous agreement upon the part of the people that the government should either buy up the wheat crop at $2.26 a bushel and sell it at the market price, pocket- , ing the loss for the benefit of the con- sumer, or that it should pay the farm- ers the difference between $2.26 and the price for which they sell their crop. - In either case the taxpayer foots the L 2 bills. . 1y at the wax-dove! if poems, is 111111111611 to give the con- ’ But it seems more fair to the laboring classes. that the loss should be distributed widely than that the price of bread should be kept artificial- The government. sumer the benefit of the market price and pocket the loss, and "to"tha,t end the administration has prepared a bill proposing the apprOpriation of one and one-quarter billion dollars. to “be used by the Food Administration in purchas- ing 1919 stocks of wheat ’at $2.26 per bushel, to be sold at world market 0 . prices. plain. that the government has not done its part toward giving it a square.- am in the matter of price fixing and living up to its premises for increased'wheat and meat preduction. ~ _ ,1 Labor Has its Problems. Farmers have complained about the A Plain FdMer’s View of mg State Farm Bureau. . HE organization of agricul- ture by counties of the re- spective farm bureaus into state bodies, and then into a national organization, as reported by. the Messrs. Cook and Bingham at the New York meeting, is easily the foremost agricultural act of the year 1919. This organization includes every producer, regard- less of his condition. He does not have to be voted in nor is he in danger of rejection. The mem- ber elects himself, without any shackles of secrecy, and the work of agriculture will be done in the open, without fear of crit< icism or suggestion being injur- ious and in this way..establish and express agricultural opinion. The leadership will be by men maintained by their farms and not by a series of levies and im- ports, with degrees and circles of circumlocution which conceals and at the same time, absorbs revenues. This leadership will be of men of capacity to farm the soil and make agriculture profit- able, rather than of capacity to pose and plead for farming by men who are not and never have been farmels It is of importance to note that this Organization came into being of its own initiative without paid organizers, like the non-partisan league and others, who assume to organize agriculture and to charge so much per capita there‘ fore. It is this assumption of “higher ups” that is not the spirit , of the times and is distasteful now. It is auspicious that this dem- ocracy of agriculture has come into being at a time when the bluff of authority of czars and kaisers has been called and in a similar way throws into the discard the nomenclature of masters, chiefs, royal grands and other insignia of a departed au- tocracy which assumed to speak for plain people. This departing leadership clad in the costumes of knights, pages, princes and pashas with imitation lances of curtain poles from the ten-cent counters of country stores, seat- ed on chintz~upholstered thrones, clad in cheesecloth robes, Was more diamatic than practical, and finds no place in this organ- ization.— Modern agriculture asks forno Special privileges or favors, but economic solidarity with other business. The chambers of com- merce of the 1espective cities are democratic in the sense that they voice their own ideas, and pay their own secretaries or oth- er aids, and have the initiative of procedure. In a similar man- ner the respective county farm bureaus should employ their own county agents and ask no county appropriations, therefore unless it might :be in the sparsely set- tled counties. Agriculture with its own economic independence then could insist on adequate compensation that would enable it to easily meet the cost of 01% ganization. This would allow ag‘ riculture in the respective coun- ties to say to the United States Department of Agriculture and its representatives in the states. “we will cooperate with you; . council with you, but the initia- tive is ours.” The dictatorial bureaucracy that is always a tendency of the non-farmer agri- culturist when segregated from actual farm work must yield to our selfsd'etermination. Agricultural. education has dif- fused able men throughout the counties, and now these men must assume to knew agricultur- al needs and plans and be releas- ed frcm the imposed itinerant who flits about with 'a leather portfolio and whose purpose he acclaims is “to educate the farm- er.” The Department of Agri— culture at Washington has be- . come dictatorial and its young men are but parts of the ‘won- derful cimumlocuatiqn of detail which may mean well but acts ‘feebly or too late, and is unable to appreciate local conditions. Agriculturak colleges must sup- port their alumni, in this matter of self-determination, or admit that agricultural education does not educate but must be guarded and fettered. ' ABEL PARSNIP. x, 1 Surely agriculture cannot com- . further public projects scarcity and high prices of labor; ”lab- orers have complained about the scar- , city and high prices of food stuffs; It is simply a case of prices following chats, and neither farmer nor labcsei is justified“ in demanding maximum prices unless he is willing to contribute something to the general prosperityof the other. In a number of instances war-time Conditions and prices have proved a strong factor in bringing ’ about a better understanding between agriculture and labor. In the west labor is emphasizing the land question in the spirit of Henry George. Labor claims that land mom opoly is the prime cause of that dis-- tribution of population which is crowd- ing the people too 'cIOSely' together in some places and scattering them too far» apart in other places. The Farmer- Labor Alliance is now urgingthe Cal-- ifornia State Legislature to adopta system of land—values taxation that shall include a supertax on» all idle un- cultivated land, as well as on land held- for purely. speculative purposes. The aim is to disintegrate speculative own~ ership oflarge areas of land and place a large share of the burden of taxation on monopolistic ' wealth at its chief Source. There is nothing Bolshevistic in this system of taxation, no proposal » to seize private property, no recom- mendation of, or' excuse forvviolence, no suggestion that changes are to._ be brought about. except by the due proc- ess-of law and with the approval of a' ‘ majority of the people. Another question of vital interest to, both! labor and’agriCulture is the pro-. posed cessation of immigration for a period of five or ten years. Such a pro- gram is needed to give labor opportu~ nity to adjust itself to new conditions. It is going to take considerable time for labor, which has become complicat- ed by war, to come to a nevir equilibri- um. Obviously, this is going to be dif- ficult if we are taking in a million or more people a year to disturb wages and cause unrest among the laboring classes. Another consideration seems imports. ' ant, that is, the matter of self-preser- vation which involves keeping the ideas of democracy unpolluted by the social insurgents of European coun-i tries. Thefarmer may ask, why he should be forced to pay war—time wag. es when there is a surplus of labor in other countries. Here, again, prices must follow costs, and the cost prices are not going to be reduced rapidly so long as labor is Evell paid. Cheap labor never built up a .prosperous agricul- ture. Any lowering of our standards of citizenship and living is sure to dis- turb our prices of food products as well as the wages of our laboring classes. We cannot go on indefinitely mixing the unpatriotic money-makers of Europe with our peOple without mod- ifying our spirit of Americanism. Any lowering of cm present standards of citizenship and living at this period will not only harm us, but it will p‘rev vent our great interests from function: ing smoothly and our democracy from Pondering great service to mankind. BACK UP.YOUR FARM BUREAU. Your farm bureau is an organization ' ' for the development of a rational pro- gram of wmk in agriculture and home economics, and for cooperating with ' state and national organizations to ized to further the farmers’ interests, and every farmer should back it up; If. '1 ~alkrs'ricultu‘re is to take its ,proper place among the“ .great industrial. have your represents 0 best be brought ' agfiit pugs, 1311mm e wmvxv . c a.» It was organg ,4 ‘ ”L“ '~m-.~a-" 17‘1”- . l l , l '1 . ‘ spray material. Ouan - N ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure” is an old saying- that applies especially tothe con- trol of insect pests. What would be-j come of our fine cabbage plants if left to their own mercy as far as spraying them is concerned? They would have ' to withstand the attacks of insects from the time they were setpout in the A Small Dust-gun Capable of Applylng Poison in Powdered Form. spring until frost hit them in the fall. Early in their existence the cutworm might destroy them when it is on its nightly search for food. The small bea-beetle may riddle the leaves with the tiny holes it makes, while a little later the cabbage worms would prob- ably come in abundance. All of these can be prevented from their destruc- tive work by the proper application of poison. The onion becomes infested with maggots' that perforate the bul- bous root, making it unfit for food. Every year these insects put in their appearance in the garden and just as often take their share of the vegeta- bles grown. Knowing what the trou- ble is does not always mean an avail- able remedy. We know that the proper spray put on at the right time Would have prevented these troubles. The question of what to spray for the var- ious insect troubles may cause many not to spray at all, but with many Oth- ers this is not the case. They know with what to spray and often just when to apply it, probably having the proper ingredients on hand, but the question that troubles them is how to mix, in the proper proportions, enough spray for a few. rows of potatoes or a. small patch of cabbages, perhaps a gal- lon or two.~ ' The different state experiment sta- tions publish bulletins on the subject and issue spray calendars for the ben- efit of the farmer. The Department of Agriculture, through the Bureau of En- tomology, issues many useful—bulletins on‘this and kindred subjects. -But they are all written for the benefit of the farmer. The formulas and directions given are f01 the fruit groWer with his thousands of trees or for the man that plants potatoes by the acre. As a stan- dard they use the barrel, fifty gallOns, and an engine often furnishes the pow- er to apply it. But the small gardener with his limited area of ground and the, small amount of produce grown, does net require more than a gallOn of If he wants this small amountof spray material he. must sit down with one of these‘fo’rmulas and do a mathematical problem, s1’1ch as dividing three- fourths Of a mm by one hundred, or try to measure out one» ' fiftieth of three poufinds of arsenate of delta.- If ‘a good set of balances. Spraying Formulas in Small tlthS resort to the use 'of pencil and paper to get the correct prOportions. Rather than do this be either will not spray at all or guess at the proper amounts. This generally makes the spray solu- tion too weak so that it is not very ef- fective or else it is too strOng or poorly mixed in which case it is liable to re- ‘sult in burning the foliage. The formulas given below are in terms most familiar to the housewife and are meant for those having _a small patch of ground for garden pur- poses. In following the directions one should, for the most part, use old dish- es and these, when not in use, should be kept in a place by themselves so as not to be used for cocking purposes and will be ready when wanted. Measures of Equivalents for House- hold Use. Two cupfuls of liquid or dry mate- rial equal one pint; four cupfuls of liquid or dry material equal one quart; three teaspoonfuls equals one table- spoonful. “Measurements by weight are the most accurate, but, as a pair of scales is not included in the kitchen outfit of all housekeepers, measurement by cup, table or teaspoon are usually designat- ed. Measuring-cups hold half a pint and divisions into quarters and thirds are indicated on their sides.” To meas— ure dry material, preSs the material into the cup or spoon soldily and level with a knife. All quantities call for level measurements.‘ Nicotine. Formula—Nicotine sul- soap, Standard phate, forty per cent, one pint; four pounds; water, 100 gallons. Household Formula—«Nicotine sul- phate, forty per cent, one teaspoonful; soap, one cubic inch; water, three quarts. For Plant Lice, White Fly, Etc. Into one quart“ of warm water shave An Atomizer for Applying Small, Quan- ties of Liquid Sprays. Be "“ U. S. Protected” When the Going’s Rough Rubber footwear that is sturdy, comfortable, long-wearing and built to stand the roughest Weather and places! That’s U. S. “Protected” rubber footwear. It stands supreme for service. It keeps feet warm and dry under the most trying conditions. Dur- ing the war, the Government probably used more U. S. “Protectcd’ rubber footwear than of all other makes combined. U. S. “Protected” rubber footwear is 1/18 foot- wear for outdoor workers. Every pair of the many styles 13 built staunch and true by patented proc— ess, reinforced where greater strength is needed, yet altogether roomy and easy on the feet. Longer wear insures the saving of money. U. 8: “Protected” rubber footwear comes one cubic inch of common laundry soap in all kinds and Styles suited “to the SpeCial and when dissolved pour it into two quarts ofwater andadd a teaspoonfu‘l needs of all Who work in. the open. Your 0f nicotin’e sulphate, forty per cent. Shake wellto get agood mixture and it is ready for instant use. Care should be taken in purchasing the nicotine, sulphate to get it of proper strength fer if a weaker solution should be used it will make the. spray too weak. .Nicotine‘sulphate can be purchased at many drug or hardware stores or wherever spray materials are sold. This spray seems to have taken the. place of kerosene emulsion, to a great ._ extentLas a contact spray. It is very effective and easy to prepare. .It should be" applied liberally so as to drench’the plants that are to be protected. ~ Kerosene Emulsion. Standard Formulawxernsene (coal , oil) twp gallons laundry Seep, one dealer has the kind you want or can get it quickly. To make sure of “U. S.” quality, look for the “.U S. Seal” ——tradc mark of the largest rubber man- iufacturer- in the world—on each pair. Insist on “UrS..Protection.” United States Rubber Company V New York -\ .. water Where You Want When , You *Want It! T'S the joy of plumbing in the farm ' home! - r Just turn: the faucet, .. and there's water, hot and cold, for the refreshing tub bath or shower; for cooking 1‘ and for washing dishes at the kitchen sink; for wash—stands and closets; « for the hardest household task of all—the). family, laundry. Comfort steps in when plumbing comes. . ' ' much of it, disappears at; the. sametlme. -And. its easy, and . home to have these conveniences and luxunesrepre- sentedb ,7 _ ~~ , y “ tandard” Plumbing Fixtures F or Bath, Kitchen and Laundry An illustrated booklet describing ’ZStandard" fixtures—~for fine houses or Visit Nearest ‘Stendwd" 31-th and Dimple:slain/01::1 sr 252,3:_,;-,-,-,;-;_',:'.'.;;madame modest ones; elaborate fixtures and PHILADELPHIA ungasagnnlgttgét . h . , k, d— ,1] mania-2:3;.3....:°w8.;$3 fittings, or t e inexpen51ve in WI 5‘.."+‘:%‘éfi%d'l2t:;ii‘arpm Ave. be sent free on request. 33°... , , . 'iét’éléfdtdlfiifif‘:%§$“wafi§3§ ’QStandaild” Plumbing Fixtures are . $331233:22:21:;iig’zlsfizirggg standard. You know them by the "i LUMBUS ...... 4 - e I; II . _, $333wa 1 313%"; 5:20:33 fitandard Green and Gold Label. . ELING .......... 3120-30 .Mcol *HUNYINGTON . 2ND AVE. 3. 10m 81'. time ............... 1 28 w. TWELFTH Write for the booklet. :ALTOONA ............. b's' . le 1 a” 1A 1T 12; c MILWAUKEE .......... . . . *LOUISVILLE .......... 31 9 w. MAIN 5 rd 5 tam ' I I ’E 9 ' "NASHVILLE ..... 31 5 TENTH Ave. s. taflda an] ’ ‘ tuaw ORLEANS ....... aw BARONNE Pittsburgh, Pa. .HOUSTON” 00R. PRESTON l. SMITH LLAS........1200-1200 JACKSON *SAN ANTONIO .......... 21 2 LosovA *FORT WORTH.... szsgfllagléigg / . KANSAS cm! ...... 20‘ I ' For fitmdwd' Faun Lighting Plants and Water Supply BAN FRANClscO...uo-ss BLUXOME L08 ANGELES..216.224 5. CENTRAL canton OFFICE . HAMMOND BLDG. W OFFlc ..... N BLDG ‘ Systems. write nearest brunch marked with a 0’) in list at left. Our Reliance Berry‘ Spoon‘ SubstituteFeeds for Calves rearing new cows for the dairy herd is caused by the failure of so many heif- show: , . ers to develop into profitable cows. In 'many instances this is due to rearing calves without milk of any kind after heifers that are constitutionally defi- they are from [our to five weeks old. cient and therefore incapable of devel- Dmdgely’ :properly. to perform «their duties. ‘Watchfulness 0f this‘import‘ant piece ‘of mechani‘sm'must begin thezfir-st day ' . comparatively lne I: Emlve’ for any farm-.0: the heifer’s life. A strong digestion By ”L. f. , Meredith \ HE heifer calf is an important ed from a number of the leading ex- figure on the dairy farm. No periment stations I find that my expe- other youngster in the barns has rience conforms in a marked degree to so great an influence in determining the results reported by these investiga- the future profits. If one is to succeed tors. Some of the very recent investi- in bringing the heifers to profitable gations in animal nutrition conducted maturity at from twenty-four to thirty at the Wisconsin and Connecticut sta~ *months of age ‘one must select the best tiOns show the value of skim-milk in calves, feed them generously, and pro- the calf’s ration,»not only as a. source. vide conditions that make for the fav- of nourishment, but as an aid in pro- orable unfolding of heredity. The feed, moting, the 7more complete assimilation the care and the housing. must bring of the. nutrients in the grain feeds. out the best that is in them. Briefly summarised, experience in feed- ing calves on the farm and the results The heaviest expense connected with reported from the experiment stations 1. That it is possible to raise good 2. That low-grade powdered milk, oping into gOOd COWS- On’the other when it can be purchased at three hand, many pl‘OmiSing heifers are “1111' cents per pound. is the best skim-milk ed through feeding improper rations substitute, but that. it is more eificient during the early period of their lives. if fed along with grain and other com- The heifer is fortunate, and so is her mercial substitutes. owner, if a feeder’s'skill and judgment 3. That under favorable conditions a. are “9mm? ““115 the in?“ few calf fed whole milk and skim-milk up weeks of her life. The tender internal to four or five weeks of age and then organs that handle the milk, and later given good care and proper mixtures the 51:31.? and roughage, .f’iom “@1911 of these substitute feeds can be made her body. is built up,.,must_.be trained to, gain One and one-fourth pounds daily during the first four months these feeds are used. ' ' " , 4. That there is no complete substi‘ is a mighty important thing for the Eggfnffozgmo?fltl;e::t ngbfiglgzgz young heifer. have been quite satisfactory and the There is no set rule for feeding the cost of growth fairly low. ‘ young heifers. Circumstances frequent- 5. That a tablespoon full of soluble 1y call for quite different methods and blood flour mixed with each feed tends feeds. Whole milk is the ideal food for to keep the bowels of the calves in the young heifer; skim—milk, SUpple- good shape; and since it is a cheap mented with a proper amount 0f the source of protein it may be used with right kind of grain feeds, ranks sec- profit, ' ' 0nd. In a majority of the leading 6. That prepared calf; feeds, while dairying communities, however, the in good enough for rearing fair-sized creasing demand for whole milk makes calves are too expensive to feed liber- it necessary for dairy farmers to util- ally to ordinary grade calves. ize substitutes for milk or abandon The writer’sfirst experience in feed. rearing their heifer calves. Several ing these prepared milk substitutes manufacturers of commercial feed- was during the spring and summer of stuffs, whovwere alive to the situation, 1914. .A severe early drouth curtailed have tried to solve the problem by put- our supply of milk until we could bare ting on the market carefully prepared ly keep our city contract and left us feed mixtures that are palatable and with eight Holstein heifer calves rang‘ digestible. Just how largely we may ing in age from four to eight weeks. safely substitute these prepared calf After making a careful study of the feeds for milk and how cheaply we prices of various prepared feeds, other can rear our heifers with only a limit- materials used as milk substitutes and ed SUDDIY of milk is a question of vital the available data concerning their use interest to all of us who are interested we made up a mixture as follows:' in building up ‘our herds and at the Wheat flour, twenty-five pounds; com- same time selling our milk in the best mercial calf feed, thirty-eight pounds; market. powdered milk, twenty-five pounds; What 1 wish to say regarding the linseed meal, ten pounds; soluble blood use of these prepared feeds is as much flour, tW0 pounds. a. confession of failure and a statement The wheat flour« was recommended Of problems as a story of profit and as a good bowel regulator and a‘fairly success. My experience and the re cheap source of nourishment. A medi- sults of quite an extensive investiga- um grade 0f flOUI‘ was used in this ‘eX- tion of various farms where these feeds Derimenti although in later experi- have been used quite liberally go to mentsx we have used a low-grade flour. show that there are many things about The prepared Calf feed was one of the young calf‘that makesit practically the popular brands, but owing to its ' - impossiblegto.successfully. utilize these high roost“ it was necessary 'to utilize ,. , Handsome Berry Spoon of the wellvknown Community- Silver Re llance Plate. A ten-year guarantee by the Oneida Community, with: every spoon. Packed in. suitable, individual, cases.1 POpularrro‘se de-j~ sign. Lengthynine inches. ‘ 7 . Sent postpald for two subscription, or 42' x; 5.. k . for one subscription gag : 9 , f. oldx in'studyingeiavaltableodufiiigathenm ‘ aof'digestion..have (become sufficiently make’its' usé'profitable. .' » developed, 10.. extract . nourishment . The‘powdered milk-was a low grade thBI'EfW- . " ' purchased, at a. plantfin western New For about fifteen years we have r313. York. _ The manufacturers. claimed. that ; ed calves each year and shipped milk it was simply the powder resulting to the city. trade, andi feel that I. have from drying-the ohm-minim ardent «— - ‘gained quite a fundof experience. syet process...‘ It-is dry and will keepdmlefis; a .‘ I have never been able to Successfully nitely in adry place; 5395118 almost‘th‘gf ; replace whole milk in the calf's nation 388199 3,8; ‘Skinahmiikrglsaalygdlgme‘w - before-itwas from four to avenues“! .ltigmadegagvery val Lmilkmubstitutesuntillatter the organs other materials with it‘in ' order to ‘1 showed 't‘vvénty-twoper cent snmy Soft ‘ heads for market use.” far worse. which inspection has been requested, It is a long story to tell of the chances either by shipper, railroad, or consig- shippers take with the weather, and of ‘ nee. The comparatively small force of ing as yetonly a small portion of the shipments, and I believe these are a All the great category of things which i . fair. average of the conditions. i- ‘ _ * ' . I recall my trips through railroad breed the Claims against the road, come yards inspecting potatoes brought in to‘ Detroit from Canada during the great potato shortage of 1916 and 1917 and the visits to various markets in the summer. I believe that these re- ports are highly conservative. A trip through the railroad yards 'is a liberal education in the immensity of business . > » interests and in waste! , 1" . Probably every farmer who reads ' I this article is' recalling some shipment he made to some commission house or other, and is recalling his. disappoint- - , ment when the check came in. One peaCh grower told me that he shipped apple. The Michigan potato this year , ,- _ Rot. Theinspectorreports“‘Slimy Soft was absolutely» .sound‘so far as Late 7 giggj Rot” appears uniformly throughout the Blight is concerned: It was a crop ' i - load. A loss of tWenty-two per cent which, with proper handling should Then there is the over-heating in MmeSt Farmers 4 of the stock by weight in trimming ship without loss. . Such, then, is the average run of re- transitw-the peculiar form of suffoca- ports from inspectors of Michigan pro— tion that leads to blackening of the duce. There are countless cars better hearts of the potato. \ than these——and there are any number considered as a potential factor for - TheSe are the cars for loss is the matter of freezing injury. " men at the great markets are- reach- cars in cold seasons. Then there are Always to be the carelessness shown in handling delays in transit and failure to ice, etc. the carriers do or do not do which here. There are any number of firms that runa thriving business in the matter of railroad claims. One‘large railroad company paid in the first eleven months of 1918, $55,000 for damage claims in spoilage of vegetables. When a certain railroad system went into the hands of the receivers a few years ago, they found an unpaid mass of claims. of several years’ standing, on perishable products, amounting to $5,- 000,000. ‘ It’ is'growing to be the policy of cer- tain railroad systems to seek to pre- ' i and if he hadn’t seen his name, on the ' baskets on Monday morning, he would have denied any ownership of the rot— ted mass»that came out of the- car. But this article doesn't seek wholly to tell the story‘of wastes and losses. It is written for the purpose of calling attention ,to a fact in‘agriculture and for the purpose of urging farmers to face the conditions and apply the rem- vedies. The causes of the losses are as nu- merous as the crops and the conditions that may confront them in transit. The ‘1 side of the enormousbnes which come ,V I, .. _ from poor packing, storing, bruising, . t I ' etc, in the car. The damage arises ' _ from the attack of'molds and bacteria on the commodity shipped: In part, they arise from diseases contracted in the field. The plants are sick when shipped and they never get 'better. In part, and we may say for the large part, with some commodities—the loss- - ' es arise from carelessness in handling, . V ' in picking, packing, or- placing in the car. It is safe to say that Michigan potatoes are showing from ffivert'o ten per cent shrinkage sinulong transit this year, due to rots which-”start. at fork holes, bruises, scuffed. skins,‘~etc'. ' 5 Think howythe potato isjhandled-s— dumped and jostl‘ed, walked on, semip- 10: Wt finer whens: tossed .1; ice A ' ‘ mama The Farmer Muet Grow-Sound Produce, Free from Blight, Worms Rot or Spot. some beautiful fruit on....Friday night,, losses discussed in this paper are out- p L 96' over and forked about-thrown from- yet; every.- * "W811 -. the. market ‘, seams: give ivent claims instead of fighting them as heretofore. A certain railroad cut its losses in perishable products $1,000,000 in one year, by seeking out the source of loss and damage and doing work with the shippers having trouble. Here ‘we have the principle to work on. The cause of loss must be eliminated. This isn’t a case of passing the bill on to the other fellow. What Can the Farmer do to Avoid this High Cost of Rotted Produce? The first thing the farmer must do if he is to prevent completely his share of this waste of food stuffs—if he is to stop this leak that is drawing off sur- plus in market returns, is. to grow a sound product, free from blight, worm hole, rot, or spot. He must send noth- ing but firm, sound fruit to market, and this must be packed in a proper way, so stored and braced in‘the car that loss from jostling and breaking will be‘ impossible. These things are paramount. , ' The railroad must give prompt ser- vice on the shipment. It must furnish adequate equipment. Where icing is required it must perform this service. There is need for». development by. the railroads for a prdper checking system to insure icing and to, give the correct storyljot icing service pe’rt'Ormed. It is tog-be hoped-that of the the lasting ben- efits to come'from the Unite-distates Railway Administration is exactly this l : i_,prmt:ghanqnng to the car; and givean ‘ are the Minch Brothers, but they have 1500 fertile acres at Bridgeton, New Jersey, where they are making money. They grow about 400 acres of potatoes, and in some of their orchards the rows of trees are more than half a mile long. Incidentally, they grow a lot of produce. They started with only a few acres, but they made these pay real profits, reinvested the profits in land and equipment, and learned farming by experience as they went along. They always kept accurate accounts to know just what it cost each year to handle 'each acre and just what they got out of each acre. They are careful even now to avoid any- thing that is not profitable. Jan. 5, 1919, they wrote: "We have used Pyrex for 10 years on potatoes and apples, and find nothing on the market to equal it. It is always smooth and easily applied. We can cover the ground very rapidly and do it thoroughly.” I“. U. B. PAT. OFF TRADI MARK REGISTERED has been called by others who use it - "The Spray that Adds to Your Profits” If that correctly describes it, and those who have used it longest say it does, isn’t it the spray you have been looking for? Notice that h/linch Brothers emphasize in theirletter what they consider to be three essential factors of a good spray material. First-4t is ”always smooth.” A spray must be uniform to be dependable. Second-It is Heasily applied.” Pyrox is easily mixed and goes through the pump and nozzle without any trouble. Positively no clogging. Thirafilt Hcovers the ground very rapidly and does it thoroughly.” That means time saved ju: t when every minute counts. Think of the convenience and saving of time. Many a man could save his crop if he had a spray all mixed and ready to use. If the rush of the Season’s work finds him without time enough to do both the compounding of the raw materials and the spraying, both the crop and the profit are lost or reduced. Blights have robbed many a man of the profits he might have had just as Well as not if he had sprayed with Pyrox instead of with a. mere poison. It pays to kill all the leaf-chewing insects with Pyrox and at the same time thoroughly protect the crop against fungous diseases such as potato blight and apple scab. It pays to keep the foliage healthy and green throughout the growing season, to give it greater vigor and enable the plant and trees to work for you. The cost of your spraying material is very small when compared with the total expense of growing the crop. Labor is still high Why not make each acre and every man hour "of labor earn more for you by using Pyrex? You can buy Pyrox at most hardware and Seed stores. If your dealer doesnot have it on hand, put his name on the coupon. It you would like to know more about Pyrox and more about protect- ing your crops as Minch Brothers protect theirs against the destructive attacks of bugs, worms and plant disease, send for a copy of the Pyrox book. We make no charge for it. Use the coupon. Bowkcr Insecticide Company 43 E. Challiam St. Boston 1006 Fidelity Bldg., Baltimore C. v 9,: SAVE YOUR crops -— USE THIS coupon WANT I would like to read your Pyrox Crop Book MF 4] « Dealer‘s Name ............................................. L Dealer's P. O. ' . :13 4 ‘ ” } .. I g. I!" 33‘ 25%" . » . " ' ‘ l . i. ' ~' =83 ' ‘ V - ‘ ’ :7 a shy." ~ ‘ g; . ‘ 7 i» .. ‘- .' ‘ ’ v - “‘1' _ . . . . . ‘ - -7 _ ' ' . ‘ ’ . . ‘ 5 , ‘ a . Case 10-18 Kerosene Tractor 4 . ‘ I \\ . . \ Pu "I two . D '0 20 28 14-inch plows czifi'hnimr Use Your, Case Tractor for Road Work THE. adaptability of the Case 10-18 _ alignment of ‘all‘gears, shafts and bear-- for-so many kinds of work insures, . ings, anda considerable saving in powen All gears are cut. steel, enclosed and running in oil. There is a Case-Sylphon‘ Thermostat which controls the cooling system and insures complete combustion of kerosene. Also a Case air washer, which delivers pure air to the carbure— tor, keeping the cylinders free from de- structive dust and grit. There are dozens of betterments—too ' long to itemize here —which are shown , in our descriptive catalog, sent free upon ' request. This booklet also describes the larger Case Kerosene Tractors. If you are interested in road work, we will be glad to send you our road ma- ‘ chinery folder, if you, mention it when writing. your getting the maximum number of days of service. And that is the way to i figure the value of a tractor. How many days can it be employed profitably? The Case 10-18 is not only a master worker in the field, but is ever ready for all kinds of belt work; also odd jobs such as road building and grading, hauling, etc. It has the power, the compactness, the accessibility which puts it far in ad-r vance. It is the first to offer many im- provements. For instance, this 10—18 is the first tractor with a one-piece frame with a valve-in-head, 4-cylinder motor mounted cross- wise. This con- struction per- m i t s a d d e d J. I. Care Threshing strength, com- ‘ "t . 7 ;j . plete enclosure , 7 5 " .1 "m“‘wy'h" of all working ' -' ' i -- ’ 3mg; Tm“ ”42 parts, perfect ' 3 v. TRACIORS Ruin. iii-"urine (A) (803) . .1 SHRP-SHAVR Safety ” Razor \ A thoroughly tested, guaranteed razor. The frame is constructed at the forty-five degree an- gle, which insures a clean, close out. This razor will do all any safety razor will do. Easy to take apart and clean. Made in durable silver finish. Extra blades can be purchased at a nominal price. One of the most simple and effi- cient safety razors made. Less Power Costs Less Lasts Longer Than Others Lime your land. make money. lime your 'neighbors’ land. Write for catalogue. “e have the right system. Dealers Wanted THE DAY PULVERIZER COMPAN KNOXVILLE, TENN. ~ Sent for two subscriptions, or one subscrip- tion and 35 cents. ‘ honest and'fair accounting o‘fi‘the‘cony dition‘. This matter or taking anything ‘ when the, market is good, and picking "flaWp‘whéh the market-is low—«the 1m- .- ‘ warranted rejections which were the. bane of marketing before the Food Administration and its licensing sys- teméthese things must be prevented from becoming the abuses (if. the old. days. ' ‘ . " ' g 4, ' The farmer should see his produce" in the market to realizethe truecon- ditions. If this is impOssiblewith his own eyes—"he must use the eyes of. others. It is now possible for a farther , for a slight fee, to secure a report on any shipment. , A few months ago the Michigan Farmer published as its leading article» the story of‘the new Food Products Inspection Service, established under the direction of the Federal Bureau of Markets at all the great terminals. This article told of the work of Mr. F. L. Bloom and his staff of men—at De? troit, and pointed out specifically how this inspection service is to benefit Michigan. farmers. In short, a request to the Bureau of Markets at any large terminal will se- cure official inspection and official re- port on your car. This service, which in the next few years is going to de- ve10p into the more far-reaching and practical side of markets work, must be clearly understood and the advan- tages it offers secured. The results of all vegetable inspec- tions of Michigan origin are now re- ‘ ferred to the Agricultural College for “follow-up work,” with the shipper hav- ing trouble. The Department of Bot- any, to whom these are referred pre- sents the case with comments to the county agent, who traces the shipment and explains to the shipper the nature of the trouble and methods of control. It is hoped that results will come out of this work. If a county agent saves one carload of produce by his advice to the shipper who has had trouble he has earned his salary for six months. Just now the country is confronted with food and, labor problems of the greatest magnitude. The farmer who has slowly come into his own in the -way of] anadequate price for hisgoods is seeking to hold fast to his “things More Capacity accomplished” as promise of things to come. The public is clamoring against the high cost-of living. It seems in- evitable that prices will drop. Serious writers believe that if we are to have an agriculture which will keep pace with the demands'the world is putting upon it, then farmers must receive a. price for their goods commensurate LIMESTONE P-U LVER l ZERS with prices received for other manufac- tured articles. Economists can see hope of satisfy- ing both parties 'to this ages—old con- troversy only by lessening the gap be- tween grower and consumer. This arti- An All Purpose Handy Wrench A light, compact tool you can carry in the hip pocket. Requires no i adjustment, always ready for use and will work in closer quarters than 1 any other wrench. Made from tool steel and oil tempered. Is both a pipe and nut It has three standard size dies that will re-thread and cut new is the Best investment Became it has been on the mar- wrench. k incur runs ’tlout 5 threads on bolts. 53mm “mum . W' i \ . u d c f n llY‘tr‘fled BEFORE THREADlNG Ii;%fny:(l;;?;:m1:?ménluch \‘ «AFTER BLANK 500 as FlVE tons ot shale. . ~ “B-V-T” WILL QE'THREADINE . , A .. 1 LAST FOREVER . Will in tree“ or crock. Keeps . Iihfia~ in pcricctcouditiom You never have to rebuild a ‘ ‘ll-V-T" SandTod-y for Catalog 1) Basil Hollow Brick all 4 Tile Company ‘ IRAZIL . -:- ~ 'rlNPLANA FUNK?“ ““53“” . ,. . . _ puss ' .. ‘ ' . A very handy toolin repairing broken bolts. TJustr'thething tore-j. , ‘ . ' more Rowe and Neversli-pflalksi {This wrench,will'mrkin/very-ologgg,"i ' ‘ eastern .. ‘ . ., i. v. _ .r '- ~ a; ‘ ~ " handy toolto carryinhip pocket-at slittimes. ,{ Everytarmer " m1 m; lacerations: iterinncécyeéfirifiglbh ; iii-1525 ~» . , ~ i gh‘mfld have~one._' ' gslfient-sttnaid' 1’1 cle, which is the general discussion . preliminary to a series of articles deal- ing with specific crop and market loss~ esdue to plant diseases, points out one cause of the difference between field and market price. Our theme is not “cut out the middleman” so much as it is to “cutout the middle loss.” When the public finds it is paying fox-any.- where from two to ten articles that it never gets—feeding _th.e'unseen com-f modifies to wasteful fungi and bacteria —the people will demand prevention along these lines of Weakness. When the farmer realizes that he is running ‘ a precarious business hecaifse of these ~_‘_'sourcc'3. of‘ loss; themis going to fight ‘ mm; ’ Altogether we. have a common, 1' ,ihééfins' : grounder: the. market. j The; ring. good .... y.‘ .- - . 1': _ - 3_ 3mg-;g.e~:1~smr gr: ~--_ 3'“ .. m ‘ out the mailman“... . «.— .lvw I‘V‘ grfi’t" ‘M‘wonw- ‘ ..« , .. "I" a t . ,WvfllmlJ 1.3 15.... i w"- < 1'4.-’«~4'J,..~ 3’ _ \ .m...g,. :5. ,..»..,vm.~' We“ .- At the OldScohol By J. H. Brown AST' week we spent two days at old M. A. C. attending several sessions of Farmers’ Week and inspecting the exhibits and demonstrar tions in the barracks and’college build- ings. It certainly was the greatest and. most instructive week the college and. State Board of Agriculture ever. put across for the benefit and entertain— ment of Michigan farmers and their families. * We have spent many days and nights at M. A. C. since the fall of 1883, and at every opportunity we take a hike for this all-theyear-round resort for a few hours. And everytime we call it a day and let it go at that. During all these years we seldom visited the college without taking a fond look at old Williams Hall; and one day last winter we tramped up and down the creaking stairs and through the halls on each floor, and looked at the num. her on every room, door. ' Last week scores of farmers spoke to us about the ruins of this old dormi- tory, and wished they'had a picture of the bare brick walls sticking up so bravely as though defying all creation to conquer them. Williams’ Hall burned some time ago, and we looked around and inquired for photographs. None were available, so we\made a special trip to the college again last Saturday to take these pictures for Tm: MICHIGAN FARMER. President Ked- zie, Secretary Brown and Mrs. Landon, Librarian, showed us all the old pic- tures taken during the early history of the institution. We picked out the one that was taken in 1857, showinga good view of the old boarding hall, or “Saints’ Rest.” .This included a por;_ tion of the old “College Hall,” in the background at the right. These officials pointedout to us the spot where the'1857 photographer must have set his camera. After_compari- son we selected a. position a little fur- ther north and nearer the southwest corner of the administration and li— brary building,‘and took the accom- panying 'picture. The view includes the north side and east‘end of Wil- liams’ Hall. In th‘e right background the old, College Hall is conspicuous because of its absence. The fountain shows up in the foreground, and the trees and shrubbery, form a fine and appropriate drapery for the otherwise nude remains of old Williams’ dormi- tory, so well loved by thousands of the readers of this paper, who lodged for a spell within these walls in the years ’gone by. “Saints’ Rest,” built in 1856, was burned Dec. 9, 1876. It stood a few feet east of Williams’ Hall. Williams" Hall was built in 1869 and cost $31,500.. The main portion, running east and west, is 101 x 109 feet, three stories and basement. The south addition extends 36 feet. The basement was used for a dining hall. When we at- tended the college there were three dining-rooms in the basement, and we boarded in “Club A.” ' During the last few days scores of farmers from all sections of Michigan have told us little incidents of their sojourning in the rooms back of Nos. 4, 15, 37, etc., and of the hazing stunts they helped pull off. We have been told that in that old building years ago there were some freshmen who commenced the study, of entomblogical specimens in the middle of the night, and long before they were admitted to the class room and extended the right hand of sympathy of and by the profes- sor of entomology. In nearly every such case of vigorous and protracted kindergarten work, nocturnally per- formed, it was found that it ’was a to cho ose the ri ht Lime for Your Ignd “j N order to beef the greatest benefit, lime must be thoroughly worked into your soil. Only by a thorough incorporation of the lime with the soil can all of the soil about the roots of the crops be affected by the lime. And only when all of the soil is affected by the lime will acid conditions be eliminated. These facts point to one sure guide for buying lime—get the most finely pulverized limestone you can buy, for the better pulverized the lime the more readily it works into the soil. Another point to remember is that moist pulverized lime forms into lumps. Therefore, it is important to purchase well dried lime and to shel- ter it properly if you store it. ‘ The higher the percentage of carbon- ates and magnesia, the better the quality of the lime and the better the .results obtained from it. mun - -\ \\\\\\\\\\\ \‘i PULVERIZED LIME STONE —meets every test. It is so finely pulverized that 95% of it will pass through a 50 mesh screen. .It is fur- nace dried so that it comes to you in . perfect condition. It contains an un- usually high percentage of carbonates ‘ and magnesia—and has proved itself superior for any soil needing lime applications. THE SOLVAY PROCESS COMPANY 2091 Jefferson Ave. Detroit, Mich. We shall be glad to quote on Arcadian Ammonium Sulphate. (20.8% Nitrogen) - "l? H - \ gill!" ll) E , decided help to the student when he entered the insect class room, and his definition of the term was generally satisfactory to the tutor in charge. This picture is a timely one. Sooner or later the walls will be pulled down. Last week, in company with a number of the old boys of M. A. C. we walked around the ruins and found that many windows had wonderful attractions. In fact, there is not a window in sight in this picture, but will attract notice from hundreds and thousands of the readers of this issue of Tm; NIICHIGAN 132111311511. Each one will point out his own window and call to mind some of the things that he did, or saw, or heard during the happy days at old M A. C. We took pictures of the ruins 'from each side and end, and will save the negatives, as a number have asked. us for these pictures to keep as souve- llilS. Each man who helped lay the walls of Williams’ Hall in 1869 must have been a “brick” of a mason, for all the walls, chimneys, tower and various arches and projections stand erect to- ward the sky, as plumb as when set in position fifty years ago. All the wood r,oof floor stringers, pa1titions, sills and eveiy bit of combustible mate1ial went. up into smoke and down into ashes in the basement. It is very sel. dom that all the brick construction of such a large structure Stands so per- fectly after such a destructive fire. It almost seems to the ordinary layman that new timbers might be installed and the old dormitory be made to re- new the days of its youth under the skillful direction and touches of the proscntday architect and builder. The second picture we took from the Shall Land Owners Pay al HE Michigan Farmer is to be congratulated in selecting such an able opponent of the Single Tax, or Site-value Taxation, as many of those in Michigan who believe in the efficacy of the single tax to remove some of the ills affecting society prefer to call it, as Mr. John R. Ilood. An authority on “all branches of real prop- erty law" ought to give the. readers of the Michigan Farmer much valuable information. However, it, is well to state at the outset that “real property law” may not always conform to real property rights, for various reasons un- necessary to state. Site-value taxa— tion concerns itself with property rights. As to the beginnings of the single tax idea, Mr. Rood must go back much farther for its beginnings than to the middle of the last century. Somewhere around 1750—60 the Physiocrats ot France, and whom Adam Smith, “the father of political economy" visited a little later, contended that “nothing that did not have material existence, or was not produced from land, could be included in the category of the wealth of society.” And to abolish in- equalities in the possession of wealth— inequalities that showed itself by a few -being rich and many being poor—the Physiocrats advocated the “impot unique,” 01' practically the Single Tax. Nor is Mr. Rood- any nearer being right when he states that single tax- ers desire to “abolish private owner- ship” of land, “and that the best way is to tax it our of existence." There is no thought in the mind of the single taxer to “abolish" the private owner- ship (possession) of land. In fact, sin- gle tax authorities distinctly state, that ~ it would be foolish to disturb titles; that the aim of the single taxer- is ‘to protect property rights and to restore ”to society only the value that attaches ' iself to the land through increase of a population, leaving to the owner of the. . , land all the Values he himself has ‘ .3 13th ‘ ‘ R human to remember this dif- ference between land. and land, value, -.1. center of the drive, chemical laboratory. where we “landed" at M. A. C. the first day of Augustr1883. It- was Emanci- pation Day, and the colored people of That spot is Michigan had a big celebration in Lan-' sing. We, with several other farmer boys, rode in a train load of excursion. ists from Battle Creek. we hired a horse and carriage to drive out to the college and have a little talk with Dr. Kedzie about going to school there. And so we took this picture on the spot where we first set our feet on the soil of the state farm After taking the second picture we A Bird’s-eye View of Dr. Beal if one desires to avoid economic en- tanglements. For instance, there is an abundance of land in the country, but very little land value. On the con- trary there is very little land in the city, but great land value. The city of Detroit and the farm areas of Michigan furnish an example of this. Detroit’s area is a little over 50000 acres—prao tically two townships. Michigan’s farm area is stated at 18,000,000 aores, non-west -of”'the. its tripod. And then we thought of Dr. Beal, whose eightyoixth birthday was celebrated last Tuesday. And so will every one of our readers, after locking at the third picture. This botanic gar.- den was started by Dr. Beal in 1873. It has gone through various changes dur- ing the more than 40 yearsthat the Doctor taught at the College, and is known far and wide as the finest and most cemplete in the entire country During the summer months hundreds and thousands of farmers and their families, city people, college profes- sors, and visitors of every age, clime, m an 11 tude, 810'le wander up and down the little paths of this botanic garden to find out something about things they never knew much about before. Thou— sands of Michigan farmers have gone into this sacred place and found out the namesof‘ a dozen or more common weeds that had tickled their shins many times on the home farm. They had been‘on speakingterms with these weeds for years and never knew their names; " - The other day. we called to see Mrs. Landon, and she produced the file of THE MrcmcaN FARMER of 1897; and ' in the issue of March. 27, on- the front page, we found the large map of the first R. F. D. 'routc at Climax. Mrs. Landon has files of T111: FABMER of the yea1s 1845,1847,1849,1858,1863,1870, 1871,1873, 1875, and up to the present year. She has no file of 1872 and .187 Is there any reader who can furnish one or both to Mrs, Landon? We would like to take a picture .of some one of the multitude of crowded corners in the College library. Mrs. - Landon'tried years ago to have some- thing done in the way of a new and much larger heme for the pinched and over-crowded books, poor things! Some day there will be as many cubic inches breathing space to each reader as he or she sits in a tightcorner with cramped elbows turning over the pages of an interesting book, as is required . for a purebred Guernsey cow in a. le- .‘ gally qualified cow stable. ’5 Botanical Garden in Winter. 50,000 acres of thickly-populated land. Mr. Rood says that “the single tax is objectionable as a single source of public revenue because it is absolutely inelastic, the revenue depending on the rise of land values, not on public nec‘ essities." Can any source of revenue that increases in proportion to its need be rightly called “inelastic?” Truly, the single tax is just as elastic as the needs of the public require. Where Owner; Par (2// Tamar” t/Jey [mm wrztten m. 7716 recent 3677.65 Q/‘(zr‘z‘z‘c/er zmd’ert/ze fleading “S/za/l Land érozzg/n‘ out 771qu live/y comment from 0217 readers. Ar 5/)(16‘6’ permm we :lza/lpué/z'r/z what In t/m letter fudmn Graze/l, Sec’ 3/ M zc/z/gzm Site—V clue—1 (1x League, crztzczzer M r Rood. about two-thirds of which is under more or less successful cultivation. Now the land value of Detroit, inde- pendent of improvements, is assessed at over $466,000,000; it is worth in the market $700,000,000, the assessors, on their own-statement, assessing it at two-thirdsof its market value. What is the farm area of Michigan worth, exclusive 0 improvements? Is it worth any more than “wild” land brings? And if all the 18,000,000 acres of land in farms in Michigan were wild, would they be worth on the av- elage $10 an ac1e. In fact, would they be w01th n101e than the original gov- ernment mice of $1. 25 an aere? One will be ve1y 11be1a1 indeed, in his esti- mate of the market value of the farm land in‘ ichigan, independent of im- provements, if he places it at an aver- age of $15 an acre. I am oifered very good farm land, unimproved for $12. {50 an acre, near good roads, within walk- ing distance of schools, and with a rail- road not far away. At an average of $15 an acre, Michi- gan’s 18 000000 acres have a market" value, due to- population, of $270 000.909 Hess than half the value-hf Detroitfs a population is thin, there is little call for public. revenue; and there is little land value. Where population is dense, public needs require a considerable fund; and site values are high, Where the demand for fimds exceed the an- nual values created by the community, it is evidence of! extravagance or‘ in- efficiency. In times of stress, such as the country has just passed through, other sources of revenue must be found; therefore single taxers do not object to income taxes, considering them much fairer than the taxation or labor products, which are invariably paid by consumers, independent of whether the consumer has the'where- withal to pay for the next meal or is the possessor of a “swollen fortune,” of “unearned 1nc1ement” or of “war profits.” Taking it for granted that Mr. Rood means land value instbad of land, when he says the single taxers hold that a tax on land “cannot be passed on, " but stays where it is put, he is right But in his argument denying this and en- deavoring to show‘its fallacy, he: is- wrong And .in. taking the position. he does. .Mr. Rood runsnp. againSt the. .r .. Thenthe State Board of Health may possibly call attention to the reader’s lack of air space and the danger to even a. book worm, from such an insanitary environment. 1 Taxes? pronouncements of every political economist of any standing from Adam Smith till today. Not only cannot the tax on land val- ues not be passed on by the landlord “immediately,” but at no time can it be passed on. It stays where it is put. Adam Smith, in his “Wealth of Na- tions,” says: “A tax on rents * * * would fall altogether upon the owner of the ground rent, who acts always as a monopolist.” Jean-Baptist Say, says: “The' land—owner will never be able to saddle the consumer of his pro- ducts with any part of his land tax." John Stuart Mill, Ricardo, McCullough and many others can be quoted to the same effect. A tax on land rents is a tax on land values, for the rent of land depends on location value. In all the criticisms of single tax, made. by men whose study and observation entitled them to consideration, not a single one ——except Mr. Roodmholds that a tax on land values can be shifted. It is impossible in a single newspa~ per article, oreven in a score of them, to indicate and correct all the misstate- ments and fallacies of Mr. Rood in his first article. Of course, the misstate- ments are unintentional; it is not easy for an Opponent of any theory to have the viewpoint of its defenders. But I hope I shall be pardoned for speaking of one statement so at variance with facts that its mere mention should be convincing. . . ' Mr. Rood says, speaking of land, that “as soon as speculation ceases to be attractive, development stops." This . statement is unqualifiedly inaccurate. The land speculator, ‘as a land specu- lator, is not a developer, either in the city or in the country. He is the ‘great J enemy of improvements; he prevents improvementsbeing made. He is" a. waster of energy: he compels would-be improvers to pass by favorable sites in order to find within his means land on which he. can build. Michigan wasn’t settled by “land speculators“ ” "the pioneers were essentially. home era. they wanted some load than This is Marehl—And History Repeats Itself SPRING IS ALREADY HERE! We are a little late with our regular annual hurry-up message. . ALWAYS AT THIS PERIOD we find it necessary to warn . tardy or indecisive buyers that only those who place their orders early—which means at once—can hope to get Reos for Spring delivery. REALLY, WE MIGHT save the trouble of writing a new advertisement each year—the same Copy would fit just as well one year as another. THE SAME STORY might be told in the same way-so consistent and so persistent is the year-after-year demand for Reos. FOR, NEVER SINCE THE DAY the first Reo left the Lansing factory and went into the hands of its delighted owner—never since that time has it been possible to . make enough automobiles to supply all who wanted Reos. ORDINARILY—and to a normal degree—that is from the , factory standpoint, an ideal condition. BUT IN MARCH of each year the condition becomes aggravated by an excessive over-demand that is at times discouraging to say the least. ' CERTAINLY WE COULD build twice or four times—- or ten times—as many Reos per annum as we do. BUT THE REO POLICY has never been to build the most automobileswonly the best. WE MAKE ONLY AS MANY Recs as we can make and make every Reo as good as the best Reo that ever came out of the factory. THAT’ S THE REASON for the tremendous demand that ' always eXists for Reos. Reo quality—Reo low upkeep—— due to a strict adherence to that Reo policy. ' REO IS FIRST CHOICE of discriminating buyers. That’s the kind of folk for whom we design and build Reos. THEY ARE THE KIND of buyers a manufacturer and a dealer appreciates and therefore most dislikes to dis- appoint or to ofi'er substitutes. AND WHILE OCCASIONALLY a dealer who also handles some other line will try to sell a customer his Second Choice, because he can’t get enough Reos to supply his local demand, he never really likes to do so. ALL DEALERS PREFER to sell Recs—because they stay sold. And every Reo sold sells several more. THEN THERE ARE the repeat orders from present Reo owners. ALWAYS THESE HAVE constituted a large percentage of the Rec demand. They are getting to be a larger percentage from year to year because of the larger number of Reos that have been many years in service. Longer than any other comparable car. OF COURSE a Reo owner always wants another Reo— the percentage of re- -sales to Reo owners is amazing and a matter of which we are most proud TO ALL SUCH, THEN, we issue the usual Niarch warning ———see your Reo dealerat once and place your order. ' MAKE IT DEFINITE by paying him a deposit and speci- fying a date for delivery. Else he cannot, in fairness to other buyers, reserve a Reo for you. THEN REST SECURE in the knowledge that you will be one of the “lucky ones” to get a Reo this season. THERE WON’T BE—cannot be made—enough to go round. That is now as certain as the same thing always has been certain in all previous years since the inception of Reo. SO DON’T DELAY. Decide now. Order atonce. TODAY won’t be a minute too soon. Reo Motor Car Company, Lansing, Michigan \ Frtoy‘ Years Experience Stand Back of the Bellevue No. 10 The Bellevue No. 10 Spreader is built by an organization with over 40 years’eXperi- ence in the making of farm tools. If you'll go over the No. 10, point by point, you’ll see that its construction bears out this fact. ‘ ' From a small beginning our factOries have spread and grown to meet theever-in- creasing demand for honestly made goods, marketed at fair prices, backed by a square deal policy for the purchaser. We have kept pace with the demand and the times until today ours is one of the most moderniy equipped and largest farmimplement factories in the world. That’s the kind of an organization that builds the Bellevue No. ill-that guarantees its economical, efficient service, day in, day out. for many seasons. Certainly you will want to see the Bellevue No. 10 before you buy any spreader. for OHIO CULTIVATOR COMPANY Address Dept, 61 Bellevue Spread Means A Good Seed Bod a spreader a worthwhile, profitable inveetznent for you. Write That kind ofservice makes our free Spreader Catalog. BILLEVUE, OHIO 'f i "| s W a” V ,i wig-3’3 / / Farms and Farm lands For Sale 140 Acres $3300, with 4 Horses, 3 Cows and Poultry. binder, mower, hay rake. plows. cultivators. drag, narrow. implements, crops. near railroad town advantages. Machine-worked loam tillage, clay sub< soil. 30-cow pasture on cream route, estimated 2930 cords wood: timber. fruit. Good buildings. 2—star)! house. 2 stock barns. horse stable. granary, poultry house, 6:0. Aged owner makes low price. 53300, easy terms, gens all. Details this Central-West money- msleer page 15 Catalo Bargains 1? states. co tree. Dept. 8-14 BC. 8 OH FARM AGEN Y. Ford Bldg.. Detroit. 1 80 or 200 Acres Easy Terms well improved farms with stock and tools in southern Michigan: small payment down or will take city pro- perty. G.li.Deunis,owner,lll:i Chm-lotto Avc.,Detmit.llieh. FARMERS AND STOCKMAN Get my new list of Gladwin 00. Mich.; Farms, Stock Ranches and Outmver lands. U. G. REYNOLDS, Gladwin. Mich. HOUSE The 'Farmers’ Agent Has buyers waitin I for farm bargains. Especially ones fully equippgd. and full description at once with terms etc. ith lowest net price to owner. HOUSE. Dept. A. 50.) Book 31113.. Detroit. Mich. IF YOU WANT ;gllrs;l:op(gfty’.\evfia:gltef John 0. Black, 15th Str. Chippewa Falls, Wis. McClure-Stevens Land Co. We have for sale;15000 acres of flno‘unimproved lands. well located. joining well settled locality, on easy terms. A tract of 0 acres. 5_ miles from Gladwin. on daily mail route. all fenced With wovenwi 29 acres under fine state of cultivation. acres in ruit. A Sheep Ranch 0831) acres all fencedavell grassedover. living water, m acres 0 cared, 30 acres under fine state of cuitivat on with fruit. good buildin .230 head of sheep. 4. stock ranches well grassed, enced and watered with living water. McCLURE STEV 1N8 LAND CO. Gladwin. Mich. Rich Michigan Farms. sm FEM, .BROTH. ERS, 15 Merrill Building. Saginaw. Michigan WANTED to hear from.owner of good farm for sale Stamens]: price full particulars. D. F. Bush. Minneapolis, Minn. Wanted Lowg‘rices. Easy terms. To hear from owner of farm or un-r improved land for sale. _ 0. K. HAWLEY, Baldwin,“Wis. Send 'l'oday for Prices and Sample of Aceli; mated Michigan-Grown Early Yellow Dent §_;-:ED CORN High minimum. pair: experim c i. year—get the beat need. en th . D. WOODWARD a: son . Com‘m ' Clinton, Mich. Gombault ’s the Worlds 000.1081 M sum“ Veterinaryflemedy ‘ ms mavens our no commoner 3m. sum in ms. . Sapersedes All Caute orFir-I ing. Invaluable asa CréRE hr We guarantee that one tablespooutui of Caustic Balsam will produce more actual results than a. that. ‘ bottle of any liniment orspavin mixture ever made Every bottle sold. is warranted to give satisfaction: ‘ Write tor testimonials showing what themed pron! ’ 33:1: gratin“: say 0! it. giggles. “.75 ”bottle. ‘ mats, or can express, charge] pa“. with tun directions for its use. Thero ted-Standard mm Y REMEDY Always Rollerbla- Sun In Ronda; \ Y l a” ~W< W“ ~ ' ‘5le stay" GOMBAULT'S JAUSTIC BALM .18 EXCELLENT. ‘ ’ CAPPED 'Hocx. STRAINED TENDONS. . ”SAFE FDR mums u use. caus'no BALSAM IS THE an'r Your Gombault's Caustio'Balsam is the best liniment I know of. I have bought tour bot- ‘ ties for my neighboa and two for myself. I have cured a sweeni horse with the Balsam. -—Louu Miller, Sharon, Wis. ._._- Having read an advertisement in Wisconsin Agriculturist abougdyour Gombault’s Caustic g , I have tri cement It and think- it. “uncut—J. I. Worazdoulri, Btu Mam“. limmmacumm'mmm ’ \ ,_ ‘.G ’ . ‘ ‘ SOM E SEED FALLAGIES. 7 UST how the idea originated. that I ‘onlywthe seeds offiweet clover con- ' tamed a large percentage'of- hard seeds which required scarifying in order to induce germination, while the other _' members of the alfalfa tribe and the ' elo've‘rs did. not require scarifying, is‘a. mystery. The idea is entirely without . groundk—an utter fallacy. These. hard seeds- occur in. ”all. of the alfalfas and true clovers, including red, aisike and white. J‘here is no known reason for the presence of .these hard seeds. They" appear inall climates, in all degrees of drouth and moisture, heat and cold, on all soils. . . Actual experiments show that fro ninety to ninety-eight per cent of all clover and alfalfa seeds are hard shell- ed naturally. This was found by germ~ ination tests of samples hulled by hand. The results were as follows: iRed clover, 299 sample's, hard seed ninety-two per cent; alsike, twenty- one samples; hard seed, ninety‘per ' cent; while clover, nine samples, hard seed, ninety-eight per cent;. white sweet clover, six samples; hard seed ninety-eig‘ht per cent. We hive learned another item of vastly greater importance, however. We have learned that the clover huller also acts as a scaril’yer. And right ‘ here I want to digress a nioment, for the Special benefit of a considerable class. of farmers who never see any vgood in agricultural colleges, experi- ment stations, crop improvement, farm bureaus and county agents. All the . tremendous advancement in agricul- ,_ ture is due to these institutions. The prime object of a'coun‘ty farm bureau ', and the first duty of a county agent,- is , to persuade all farmers to avail them- selves -of proven facts. There are Caustic Balsam ‘. \ ”‘27.? some antediluvians who still think that ' a ecunty ‘agent wants to try out his own theories, making every farm an experiment station. Nothing to it. A good county agent is worth more to your county than a member of con- gress. That isn't a very good compari- ‘ son either, so I will ask pardon of the county agent fraternity. Seine cori- gressmen are not worth two bits a (1:12- en. Leaving the soft-shelled cengress- men we will set back to hard-shelled seeds. ‘_ . . . . From 208 samples of red clover hull- ed by machine we get an average of hard shells of only seventeen per cent, as against ninety-two per cent for hand , hulled seed. Alsike, thirty-six samples. eighteen per cent hard seed. White sweet clover, twenty per cent, only one sample of machine liulled seed. I tested a sample of machine hulled sweet clover seed the other day that gave ninety-two per cent germination, a very good percentage of scarified seed, even. , We have learned another thing. There is a very great difference in the ‘ number of hard shells in seed threshed by difierent hullers. One hundred and sixty-two samples of red clover seed threshed by six different hullers gave , an average of nineteen per cent of hard seeds. One huller left butten per ’ cent, and another left thirty-eight per cent hard shells. The trouble with these hard shelled seeds is that they are more or less waterproof, and until the shell is bursted by moisture or mechanic almeans there can be no, growth. The absorption of a very small amount of moisture causes the shell to crack by the action of frost, in which case the seed will grow with there- turn of warm.weather., . . . : ,If you want to sow scarified cloves), nor alfalfa seeds buy abscarlfl‘er, but do not pay any murdersiocsmrifléd ed “1 _ 'r- 3} seeds; or pay fifancypriejes to #117933: , g ' Me file-your awn .18 " ‘ 1TH steadily growing demand for meat rabbits, giant breeds have rapidly come into favor. Years ago only the Flemish Giant was known to breeders, but now there are several other kinds, including white,, black and checkered Some breeders are advertising what they call the black Siberian hare, a rabbit which is truly a giant in size, and which has been someWhat extensively exploited as being the best of all rabbits for fur preduction. There seems to be little ‘reasOn to believe, though, that this is They Yield Both Meat andFur. really a distinct breed. From all the evidence that can be obtained this breed is identical with the black Flem- ish giant. The claim has been made that these 1abbits were introduced f1om Russia by a Jewish immigrant, first being b1ed in. Canada. Govein- ment officials say, though, that there is no black rabbit in Russia or Siberia, and that all the hares in those coun- tries turn White in winter. As a mat- ter of fact, there is no more reason for calling any giant rabbit a hard than there is for giving that name to the Belgian hare. The Giants are really true rabbits, for they are born naked and blind, while hares always have their sight at birth and quickly begin to run around. , The black Flemish, or whatever name it maybe known by, certainly produces an excellent pelt. After all, though, the‘fur proposition is not one of great importance at present. Of course, the pelts should be saved, at least in .winterwhen the fur is in good condition, but they seldom bring more than fifty cents apiece, so that it would not pay to raise rabbits for their fur alone. It is as meat animals that they are most valuable, with the pelts as a. by-product. _ The white Flemish are not common as yet, but are especially good animals. Of course these black and white breeds are sports from the true Flemish. Just What the origin of the checker- ed giant was seems to be shrouded in mystery. Formerly it was called the German checkered giant, but when the war broke out that name was dropped by unanimous consent and the word ‘ American. substituted. Probably they are just as much entitled. to be called American as German. It has develop- ed of late years that the German name had been tacked to many things with- out Warrant. In any event the’check— ered giant is as handsome a rabbit as can be found anywhere. It much re- ~ sembles the English spotted rabbit, al-. though much larger. It is white with black spots on its sides and with a sol- id black line along the back, although this "line deesn’t have the herringbone -. pattern which is found on "the English rabbit. This checkered giant has a set-u up rabbit ‘ ve when made up into garments black snout, and is a compact well-' Its' £111: is especially at-4 11111111111111111 ‘ ‘: “H1 111 ' 1111: l Ill“! ill M 1111 1111*“1‘ ll‘fl 1‘ Illillillllllllill‘ 1“qu r113 111111 The entire plant stands abOut 4% feet high. The engine burns kero- sene or gasoline; is throttle governed and air cooled. The plant automatically startsitself at the touch of the starting lever; oils itself automatically; feeds its own fuel automatically by a vacuum feed sys- tem; automatically gives a tapering charge to the battery; stops itself when the battery is fully charged. Every automatic feature that can add to simplicity and reliability is found on this Western Electric Plant. For every power use, this direct-connected set will furniSh the electricity at low cost The Western Electric Company believes that electric power will do for farming what it has done for other industries. It believes that every business farmer will consider the purchase of a sturdy, dependable power plant when offered by a manufacturer with unlimited resources for making good every promise. Power and Light plant in one neat, compact unit—the result of many years of experimenting. Write for booklet No. 14-MF and We will tell the Western Electric man to get in touch with you. THE WESTERN ELECTRIC CO., Inc. Kirby Ave. and _Dequindre St., Detroit, Mich. 500 South Clinton St., Chicago, Ill. practical on farms everywhere. It backs up this belief by offering the Western Electric Small motors for pumps, cream sep’arator, fanning mill, etc., can be operated directly from the generator thereby saving the battery for use at night. Many farmers are already using the Western Electric Utility Motor, a ‘As horse power motor which can be carried to the work. The‘Western Electric man near, you will demonstrate this plant to you—and tell you about the many Western Electric labor savers for farm and home: all have been proved The fuel is poured into the base of the engine which burns kerosene I. well as it does gasoline. A REAL FOUR-PLOW TRACTOR ' Here's a tractor that will, do your big power jobs, and your small ones. quickly and extreme- ly economically. . AULTMAN-TA'YLOR ‘ 15.30 TRACTOR In quality, design and power, it is just what the average farmer needs to solve his power and help problems. Back of this tractor stands an old reliable organization that is ever ready to see that the tractor makes good on your farm You take no chance whatever. For your benefit we carry a svock or repairs covering our entire line at our Lansing branch. Write us today for catalog and full particulars. The 111111111111 & Taylor Machinery Co.- 630 Michigan Ave. . E. Lansing, Mich... . ‘ ~ Home Office. Mansfield. Ohio .1 , W‘iA WTE D ed"P. D aeck'with" 11351112511 .9 1 Farmer’s Rapid Calcu- lator and Veterinary Book Indispensable to the fa1mer, valu- able to all members of the family. This little book contains veterinary informa- tion, interest tables, methods of calcu- lation, weights, measures, dimensions, etc., and a farm record Which contains a simple method of keeping record of receipts and expenses of all branches of farm work Convenient size, 31/21: 6% inches, fits in the pocket, durable cloth binding. A time-saver every farmer should have. Sent prepaid for two subscriptions or for one subscription and 15 cents additional. - (/"0- 1111 1:111 1111111111le fi E ~uh- Two blades made of best razor steel. Ebony handle. Brass lined and well finished throughout. Guaranteed to give satisfaction. High-grade every way. Made by the famous Valley Forge Cutlery Company. ‘These “knives Were bought at pre-war prices, otherwise 'we could not make the attractive offers below. They are extra good value. ' Soogtmropaid for: tvvo flatly absoriptlons to the Mlohi an. Farmer W 1—1: at ‘31". h. or for one subscrlp: . ion and 50 cents additiona. _ ~lEN’l‘Il1 lCALLY A BUILT ' WATCH so AND TH E .FOllElGN _ BUlll WATCH lizarwm’ ~ Eats."awake-minweirdest: ...; _ ‘ :wi- ..,.:1..‘:<.. ;,_.r- ,k‘atifi'a L; 0.5%}... “I _ The Riverside The most dependable moderate price watch in the worl $60 and up A Campaign to AidYou’ in Selecting Your ‘Watch: HE hairspring is the’ brain of the watch. ' It is the 'most, delicate: ‘ ,. tensiOn spring made. For use in; the small sized watch, 84,000 springs are made from; one. pound of steel, raising the. value of that pound of steel from $5.00 to. $30,000. The Waltham hairspring steel is drawn through dia mond surfaces, and for the smaller watches, to third ofthe thickness of a human hair. The Breguet, or over—coil (named after its inventor, al famous old French watchmaker), is used on every, Waltham watch. The most important part of the complete operation in meld-n a hairspring is the forming and tempering of this reguet over—coil. ' At Waltham, instead of being formed or bent by hand as a separate operation, the entire completed haire spring is formed at one and the same time, after which it is~hardened and tempered in form— the invention of John Logan, American watchmaker, a genius who was» a part of Waltham leadership in wave ' Indeed, Waltham is rhetonly-watchm’aker that claims this perfect method of making the Breguet hairspring. imported watch movement has a hair» f The foreign, .spring that is and tempered in the flat. to form the Breguet overrcoil, which, were as hand as the W altha'ni, and. properlytternpere like the Waltham hairspring, .it couldnot bebeutxto attempt. Waltham superiority is varying quality of every “ that cannot be equaled by the foreign hand " met 0d of manuo. facture. That is why Waltham leads the world in standardize watchmak‘lng, and why your watch selection should be aWaltham. in original method. secret process. unJ‘ important part of the war h—a quality WALTH AM THE WORLDS‘WATCH OVER TIME WoOl Growers at Columbus 0 ' . V ‘ HE sheep meeting called by the ' supplies on hand in the United States first formed in the flat, then hardened! . Then‘theouteocoil-isbenby come! form, and would be liable to break in the ‘ with the best fleece state wools. ’ ‘ 'gBy \V. A. Freeman ‘V Outside of the Ohio“ Sheep and Wool , Tri-State Wool Growers’ AsSo- Growers’ Associa'tion, most of the elation at Columbus, Ohio, on states are organizing on a county basis March 6,,proved to be 'a very interest- cwith a county Selling'unit.‘ The county ing and instructive meeting for those units look after the grading and ship-‘ present. There were in attendance not ping of the wool and in most ‘casescon- only wool growers and representatives ’sign it to some recognized wool dealer. of wool growers' associations, but rep- fin, New York state last year the wool resen‘t'ativesfof'-fl1el;vwool..dealersv and .dejalerssent their wool grader tothe all the other -'allied interests: Those counties 7 where schedules had been present left with a greater feeling of made“ out for the dealer's representa- security .so far ‘as . the future of the xtive togo from one county to the next. Wool Situation is concerned.“ ' Some counties had only one shipping One important fact brought out was point and some had as many as, three. that there was no great excessive ac- depending upon the quantity of wool cumulation of wool in the worldat the and the central locations for; the wool present time,-but that the situation growers. Fortyeflve thousand pounds varies from normal in the piling up of was delivered .by the growers, graded great quantities in certain places, and and placed in cars in two days at one the lack of distribution rather than a of these shipping points in Tompkins large supply. Estimates of supplies on county. The COSt 0f handling W001 by hand for the world market,were smalls «this method was represented as being er hear the end of 1918 than one year very 10W. but will be somewhat higher previous, and basing future consump- this year because the wool dealers' tion on the normal rate before the commission for handling the wool was .war, there will beconslderab‘ly smaller paid by the. United States government_- last year. This method of handling permits each grower to see his own wool grad- ed. If it is of a high grade and market fv‘alheghe receivesma high price for it, .andwif it is'of a low grade he can learn at the end of 1920 than at present. Although accurate data as to the exact quantities of the different grades j‘of“.wool held by the United States ‘ gov- eminent is at present being ~'Withheld. lf'the flat Sprulg:;mg {act'wasbrought out from: a reii— .thereasonand ,thus be able to improve : 'able-z‘uource- that-”a large part.~ ofwthe -;his gradethe tollowing year. It is the most practical way of increasing the interest in raising our standards of production, ‘and has resulted in great good for this reason alone. , Decided action was taken in the sup- port of having the manufactured wool- en goods sold according lo a standard of the per cent of wool or shoddy in the cloth. It was brought out by a, rep.- resentative of the Retail Wool Dealers' Association that there are practically no standard grades for manufactured woolen goods at the present time. government’s holdings:;-'is 'of. a low grade of wool and of short wools that do not normally come into competition The fact that manufacturers are purchas- ing at the government wool auctions the best grades of wool at a price some- what above the British issue price in dicates that they feel the scarcity of such wools. The impression. was left that the wool grower should not fear serious drops in price for his better The Little Wonder TILE DlTCHER Will Save 80% of Your Work Will ship to any responsible party subject to approval. without a cent in advance, absolute satisfaction guaranteed. Write for terms and circular, GIOKGE TROOI’ It. I). 5 now: Jcscnxa, St. Johns, Mich. Bellevuo. Ohio grades of wool. , All of the allied interests as well as the growers themselves feel the im- portance of improving the grade of wool we are producing, and especially improving the manner in. which it is put up. It was shown that selling on merit, whereby the producer would re- ' ceive the exact value of his wool would be one of the best methods of bringing “A representative of the United States Department of Agriculture reported that the work of checking up the ex- cessive profits made by wool dealers is being carried on as rapidly as possible. Out of reports from five hundred coun- try dealers which have been checked up, only twelve made excessive profits, the greatest being only $1,000 for the whole year, and a large number report- ’this fact to the attention ofthe grow- ers. Last year there were several ed losses. It». is thought that larger an’.hour_;af,ter getting it. A Premo Jr. Camera The PREMO JR. MODEL B is a well-made, substantial, reliable camera in every re- spect. This camera has to stand the usual rigid tests which are applied to all cameras made by The East- man Kodak Co. It loads and unloads in daylight with the Premo Film Pack of 12 ex- posures. It makes pictures 2%,x3l4, inches in size and the negatives are' of, such quality , that excellent, on- largements can be made from them. The instrument is fitted with an automatic shutter,.which works j , . ; , » for both time and “snap shot" exposures, and the'best gradeot single ‘ ‘ ‘ achromatic loose that can . ‘ \ ‘ ‘ _ tioal, the-other for. horizontal=.pioiure§,—+in.fact, it lane/Well canned » - 7 a" ..a camera as. could he wished fort-ingthe'box type. ‘ __ first-class results in all ordinary amateurphotographic work,-:such as snapshots in good light, time exposures, . street photography, ’ 1 load and operate. ‘ . ' '-}"‘Qa0h‘.0fl6, and even a schoOIbOy . g _ -; Were, can make good pictures. withtho Model B-Promoerawithlnwz-hal! idioms ammunition. or = be obtained. ’r'Itglias two finders; one fervor. . home .portraits,landscapc*and ' - and the like. This. camera- is unusually simple, to , A complete» bonito! instructions- is? immune! with” - whomever‘hwa a more in his: hands Soot wingspan” monolingual... . , a I f/.\‘ nation [and .3 F It, .wul metres . r ~, mi'ghtbe encounteredi‘in cooperative profits will be found in checking up ap- proved concentrating dealers, who were organized with field representa- tive for country buying. The meeting was a great success, and the Ohio W001 Growers’ Associa- tion and others interested de‘serve con- siderable credit for their work and the efficient way in which they conducted the meeting. cents a pound variation in the value of the different wools produced in this state, yet the most of our Wool was sold at a flat rate, each grower not knowing whether he produced a more valuable grade of wool than his neigh- bor. It is likely that there will, be an ; even greater variation in-the market value this year, on account of the lim- ited supplies of our best wool and the large supply of low-grade wool held by the government at-the present time. The low-grade: wools held by the gov- . ernmcnt have been Withdrawn . from» the sales in most cases. because'of the low bid‘s’on them. ‘ L ‘ » ‘ Representatives of the Cooperative '1WOOl" marketing associations. present all gave gldw‘ing.‘rcportslor their suc- . oess last‘yw.0£ocnr89, the fact ‘Was recognised-f”. thatfthe prices being set * minimums- many oritnevulm'ouluas that ~' Sheerpmen Meet _ ‘ ‘HE meeting at M.'A. C.‘was well. attended- Not only was there a - flarger attendance, but there was. * more; interest ~and.enthusiasm i-n theJ sheep industry thanusua'l- . , - . - _ President E. S. Read, in» his open; . ing' address, Koptlliwd the status of: the; sheep \ business ‘ now; as, campared, with 1,900", and. brought-put the ‘ fagt'fitha't we, . g g . ,, . g ,, have room and need for‘5,‘000,000“ sheep: marketing offwool lost year, but thesevuin Michigan; instead: of‘ the 2,000,000 - out andnew that ashore-var present; ‘ ” ‘ tion~Wduld"'not‘~'f'oflSti- if ' trier-scars 'fl‘pt ' i. ffitfl‘iifilllng wrong, the and, as" nertook .':~: ' ' evils‘m‘o ' “in This new“. ; , 3,, ..~ on A SUBSTITUTE FOR HAY. What is a good substitute for clover and timothy hay? I won’t have any hay'the coming year and would like something to feed work horses. Would millet do? How is alfalfa treated to have it grow, or rather how is the 8011 - .9 ‘f‘ifii‘tfii: 'co. m. w. About the best substitute I know of for 'clover and timothy hay is field. peas and oats grown together. Harvest them when the oats are in blossom and the pods of the peas just nicely form- ing. Don’t wait until they are ripe. Cure them just as you do clover hay. You will be well satisfied. . _‘ If you get these peas and oats in- early you will harvest them the'last of June and there is still time- to disc this ground and sow it to millet or Hungar- ian grass and this also is an excellent substitute for hay. Alfalfa is inoculated in different ways; The easiest way is to purchase pure culture from some commercial laboratory that supplies alfalfa culture and inoculate the seed before you sow. it. Directions come on- the package telling you how to treat the seed with: this. One good way is to dissolve a little glue in warm water, sprinkle this warm water over the alfalfa seed and thor- oughly stir until every seed contains a film of moisture, then put on some soil for an inoculated field and stir it thor- oughly. The gliIe will stick the culture to the seed. You can inoculate the soil by getting soil from some old alfalfa field. Screen it so as to get out the stones and hard lumps, then drill it in just as you would fertilizer, say 100 pounds or 200 pounds per acre, and you will get good inocu- lation in this way. C. C. L. PREPARING GROUND FOR- OATS. I would like to ask. your opinion as to the best method of preparing the‘ soil for oat seeding. This farm is roll- ing, with clay gravel loam and sandy loam. The. usual practice here seems to be to turn the soil with-the plow, but would not the disc harrow do as well? This is my first year in Michi- gan, and many things are different from my past experience. - Van Buren Co. W. A. H. It is quite a common practice all over the oat belt to prepare thellast year’s corn field, or corn stubble, as it is called, for oats, by discing it- thor- oughly with a disc harrow. If the corn ground the previous year was well cul- tivated and there isn’t too much trash on the ground, this is a splendid way. I think you can prepare even a bet- ter seed bed by discing than you can by replowing. When you re-plow you get the soil too' loose for the best seed- bed unless great care is taken to pack it all down by rolling and pulverizing. But if this ground is infested with June grass, if it hasn’t been properly tilled previous to discing, the discing -will not subdue the June grass and you will have June grass in the oats which will prevent you from getting a good crop. If you have patches of June grass all over the field, the only prac- tical way is to turn the soil bottom side up, asthat destroys the June grass for the time being. C. C. L. ' If a dog is used in driving the cat- tle, insist that it walk at their heels instead ~ of ‘ their heads; and that it this extra. cropisto use an poSsibly barren stalks. JO The same accuracy that you would get , if you painstakingly counted» out the ker- nels of corn-and’ dropped-them by‘hand , —that is the accuracy of the John Deere No. 999 Planter. Each kernel enters the cell in the seed - plate in a .natural. position. The sloping hopper. bottom feeds the corn to thecells whether the hopper is full or nearly empty. It is the most simple, yet most ’ effective planting mechanism ever used - on a cornplanter. ‘ You Control the Number of Kernels Per Hill There. are rich spots and poor spots in nearly every-field,- and the corn should be plantedraecordingly. Without chang- ing seed” plates or even stopping the team, you can plant 2, 3=ors4 kernels in the hill,- whichever number you decide the land will'sustain. Me'gely shifting JOHN DEERE. “Direct- _ To-You ” f . We’ve Cut the Fat ‘ off SeparatorPnces. Bovernoney. We’ve slashed the see on 1.000' of theseworld- wedish~ e Machines. rite— postal . Easiest-running and Cream 8e lanolin gn‘aran . ', Ad; forflagaloc No. OUR to fourteen bushels more per acre—ju mean for you‘this year With a big demand per acre. . Planting 4 or 5 kernels where only The soil will support a certain number 'of kernels to best advantage. plant the exectnumber-inpractically each and every bill if you use a 999 Corn Planters The Accurate “Natural Drop” Planter GET QUALITY AND SERVICE I}: the foot lever varies the number dropped and you can change the drop as fre- quently as you desire. You can also drill corn with the John Deere Planter. Changing from hilling to drilling or back to billing is made in- stantly by means of a foot drop lever. Not necessaryto get all the seat or stop the team. The 999 Planter gives nine dif- ferent drilling distances without chang- ing seed plates. You, as a corn grower, cannot afl'ord to postpone investigating thoroughly the John Deere 999. It is a profit-maker from the first day it starts work in the field until the last. Every year this planter stays out of your field you are letting slip through. your fingers profits that might just as easily come to you. ‘ Write today for free booklet, “More and Better Corn”. SEPARATOR UM J, A SOLID PROPOSITION tosend y ” new well_made. easy running, ‘I . ect skimming separator for :' 819:95.Cloeel slums Warm or cold mil I. Makes eavyorhght cream. DI erent from picture, which illustrates r capacity ma- ehl easy plan of ' nee. 5101!“:th Payments .32.; 'il'i.“a’r"..’32x'r”y°is “$215 o to for free catalog and monthly payment plan. Western orders filled from ester-n points. LUBRICAN SEPARATOR C0. 3061 . Roi-bridge. st think what this increased corn crop will and good prices assured. The way to get ; accurate planter. You don’t have to devote more time to the ‘ work, or gotta unusual trouble—merely usea corn planter that drops the right number of kernels in each and every hill. 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It wastes . the land it covers, is a brceding place for flies and'mo‘squitoes, makes the land around it dlflicult to eul- tivate and dangerous for pastumge: This is need/m waste.‘ You can easily drain your swamp land by ditching it with HERCULES DYNAMITE. You can save days of back-breaking work and put money in your yacht by) the indicio._ use of dynamite on your farm. Sign the coupon printed below and mail it to the Hercules Powder Co. They will send you a copy of their 68'page illustrated book, “ProgressiveCultivation”. Thisbook tells you all about the uses of dynamite on the farm and in the orchard—not only how to drain your swamp lands but also 7);]- how to plant trees, break up subsoil, culti- 5 4i“ ' vate your hearing orchards, clear stump and rock lands and do many other things. You need 1121': boar—send for it today. 37 W. 10th Street Wilmington Delaware HAVE been asked to'discuss the results of the Deckerville demon- stration acre. It requires very little discussion. An expert could probably find a great many news in this demon- tration, "but it accomplished the re- sults of showing what can be learned by comparisons in a practical way. It was a starter; all we did was to scratch the surface. Now that we . have confidence in our method we will plan our work more systematically; apply fertilizers in various amounts, sow dlllferent rates of seed. «plant dif- ferent varieties of the same crop to shady their adaptability to the local conditions. Thus, we can bring the Agricultural College to the farmer in i a tangible dollar-and-cent way. We are anxious to'start this type of demon- stration work on muck in all parts of the statewhere conditions warrant it. It should be noted in passing that the potash in the manure was prob- ably the most valuable single element for the crops planted. Here is what Mr. Merriman, of Deck- ewille, on whose farm the demonstra- tion work was made has to say: I wish to submit a report of a muck i crop demonstration carried out on our farm last year under the direction of Mr. Ezra Levin, Extension Specialist of M. A. C. In spite of the labor shortage, the frosts and drought, I consider the re- sults very gratifying. The first I heard of the muck demon- ' I the Deckerville Recorder. I am interested'in dynamite for .............................. Name ____________________________________________________ Hercule. Powder Company , . 87 West 10th St, Wilmington. Del. I Gentlemen:—Please send me a copy of “Progressive Cultivation" V Address ...... '. ........................................... All Rooms ERE is the real answer to your heating problem. ' Find out about the system that will heat the whole house at the ordinary cost of heating 2 or 3 moms. Do away with dirt, work, bother and expense. , No trouble and little expense to install. Don’t put it 05. Find out now about .1 , . Slide-Begin" W Wan-Air Heating System "The Fm nu W' = Let’s get together for a little common-sense'economy ' 7» ' talk on heating. This system costs no more than ”ii ordinary Pipeless Furnace. It is and wfllcost you nothingif-it doesnotdoall wechh. Write, sending sketch showing amazement of your '- " . ‘ . house and we will gladly send you free blue print 7" suggesting proper installation of the most economical and satisfac- 1 story heating system you could find. éddress .. . ‘ run esters: em: on. w ins) cue-u Mo. . was. Mr. Levin met with a few interested farmers and after hearing discussed the benefits to be derived from the dif- ferent fertilizers t was decided to se- cure a piece of muck land and make the experiment for the benefit of the muck land owners in this vicinity. The Michigan Sugar Company, of Croswell, the E. B. Muller Chicory Co., of Port Huron, and the Flanders Com- pany, of Deckerville, each donated $25, which'nearly paid for the seed and the fertilizer, and I was chosen as the lucky one to furnish the land, do the work and take the crop, which paid me for the time and effort spent. We selected a- plot eight by twenty rods, with muck about two feet deep and a clay bottom. This had been crop- ped for fifteen years without fertilizer in any form and oftimes with poor re- sults. It was well drained with deep tile ditches. There were 500 pounds of sixteen per cent phosphate, 500 pounds of dried blood and 500 pounds of bone meal per acre used, also six loads of well rotted manure. Starting at the east end we sowed two rods with phosphate, then two with manure "and phosphate, after which we left a space of two rods with no fertilizer, then two rods of phos- phate and blood meal, followed by like amounts of dried bone meal; bone meal and manure, and manure alone. This was all applied after plowing, the fer- tilizer by drill and the manure disced in. After this we rolled very firm and ‘ started the hand-drill on the north side, going the full length of the field, cross- ing the fertilizer strips with all crops carrots, lettuce, celery. peas, cabbage, beets, chicory, white beans, soy beans and corn. ~ m... Mennon'l'he MiduganFu-s When YflWm Advertisers was used.“ This would bouncedby ’ \ stration was through the local paper, which started with onl’Ons, followed by . . Starting at the north side, yhich is‘ -' also ,the..vroad..-.s,ide’. the minus ,' were fine. sawmiliai‘nlot when: m fertilize. ,1, Muck Land Demonstration ‘ By Ezra Levin, Muck Crop Specialist the most casual observer and many asked .why they were so poor in that one strip; in fact, they were not worth harvesting while those on other plots were good, especially on the phosphate and manure. Other plots looked about as good until harvest when this plot ripened earlier and of a better quality. This was generally the result over the whole experiment. The beets and chicory were weighed from each plot as harvested and again we found the phosphate and manure in “the lead about eleven tons per acre 'over the unfertilized plot which yield- ed at the rate cf ten tons per acre. -\ Next came- bone meal and manure which was very nearly as good, then the manure alone. I should add here" that there was more labor required to keep the manure plots free from the weeds. - We have not the weights of all crops but there seemed about the difference cited above between the fertilized and unfertilized plots. I should say the cab- Diagram of Plot. ‘ huge showed the greatest difference while the carrots, peas, chicory and white beans showed the least. We had a heavy frost in July which damaged all the plots and, of course, killed the white beans and corn. The soy beans stood the frost much better, and here was a great lesson to me. The plots that were well fertilized resisted the frost much better than the plots where no fertilizer was sown. we have sown a strip of wheat where the peas were and will sow spring wheat, oats and barley in the spring to see what results We might expect the following year without add< ing more fertilizer. Will also sow dif- ferent quantities of the same seed to ascertain correct amount of seed to sow and to learn if the same amount should be sown regardless of the state of fertility. We never did anything in the farm- ing line which seemed to repay us so well as the effort spent on the muck demonstration acre. I wish that any- one who expects to use fertilizers on muck would look the following chart over and if they do not find what they are particularly interested in I will be glad to give information from the ob. servations I made which after all give the clearest lessons. For instance, the corn made as good a showing as any crop, yet as the frost killed it I can make no definite report as to results, also the onions on plot where no fer- tilizers were sown they were not worth ~ harvesting. The remainder were fair crop. The carrtos, chicory, peas and soy beans showed the best without fer- tillzers yet there was a. great difference in the plots. Altogether, it was a very profitable we,.and I. have only mentioned: a few " 4 of the valuable lessons we have learn n. ed from’lt‘and Mr; Levin.- : d .. 1 A] ‘ ~ 0..- «an. .. ——... 4" t' Fallacies in Feeding article I wish to speak of the: best ' to everyone, including the commission - Beef Cattle By L. c. Sbepam’ ATTLE feeding is a business that must be viewed from many dif- ferent angles if one makes a suc- cess of it. What is termed success in cattle feeding is the same as in any other business pursuit, viz., a financial gain or making money out of the busi- ness. Different types of feeders must of necessity be handled differently to get the best results. There are mature feeders of the best beef type. The calf or baby beef of the same type. The low grade or serub adult or baby beef type. Each of these different types and grades must be handled differently. Most people ignore the scrub in the feed lot. But as long as they are rais- ed they must .be fed out or go to the shambles unfitted. Nearly all dairy bred cattle are scrubs in the feed lot, no matter how well bred they are in the dairy line. They are poor feeders and never make fancy beeves. In this grade of feeders of the more mature kind. Say, two-year-olds or better, and with these as with all other sizes or grades, have them of as uniform size, shape and color as possible, for several reasons. First, they will feed better because there are no small ones or underlings for the large ones to fight and abuse, each one being better able to take their own part.~Then, if of the same size and color, they look better man and the buyer, and everyone interested will work harder to get the best price, and if the cattle are wor- thy, to make them top‘ the market. He knoWs it is to their interest to do so. And a buyer will pay a little more for anice even bunch. ~ Now, after you have your feeders, and if not of a uniform size I would advise dividing the feed lot and sort- ing them up as best you can as to size, if they are to be dry-lot fed. But if 'they are to be’summer-fed in pasture tlien‘let them all run together. I like summer feeding on pasture best, as it saves a lot of work. There is no ma- nure to haul out and it is distributed over the pasture better than it can be done by hand or a spreader, and much easier and cheaper. The most essen- tial things about summer feeding are plenty of "good leguminous pasture, wa- ter, grain, salt, shade and a rack full of good hay. ' Now, in starting to feed one should be very careful. Don’t try to get them on full feed too quickly. Better be’ a full month or longer than to get some of them off feed and perhaps scouring. For if so, they will lose more in one day than-can be put on in the next week. Cattle rightly started while on good pasture, will gain faster on the same amount of. feed than dry-lot-fed cattle. And here again you save the labor and expense of putting‘up the hay they eat. _I'like the Self-feeders after the cattleare' on full’feed. It is _ a labor—saver andtheynever get over: ’ . hungry if the self-feeders are kept eup- , plied." Don't neglect the ~water. see, , .__that=1heyt~have access at' all' times,;~to ‘resh water. " Likewise pelt. 4nd. The New LIGHT-FOUR -— $1125 . . F. 0.3. Detroit Eltablished 1852 Have You Seen the New STUDEBAKER CARS? Built to Meet the Needs of Rural Service and Proved On the Country Roads of America The New LIGHT-SIX - $1585 I". 0. B. Detroit "....-.----/r l ‘8 HE three New Studebaker Cars are distinctive in design, with powerful and economical motors, built for heavy duty service; intermediately located trans- mission; genuine leather upholstery; Gypsy top with oval plate glass windows in rear; permanent and lustrous finish. To make sure of their ability to deliver continuous service under all conditions, original cars of each new model were given a 10,000 mile endurance test on the worst country roads of Ameriea. Thousands of cars in owners’ hands have since convincingly STUDEBAKER South Bend, Ind. Address all correspondence to South Baud» Detroit, Mich. Buildin ' Material New BIG-SIX —- $1935 F. 0. B. Detroit proved their correctness of design and me- \ chanical excellence. Studebaker manufactures completely in its own factories its motors, bodies, tops, axles, transmissions, steering gears, springs, fenders, and cuts its own gears and other vital parts, thus eliminating middlemen’s profits. Only because of these manufactur-a ing advantages and large quantity produc-n tion is Studebaker able to build such high quality cars at'their respective prices. V The name Studebaker is your assurance of lasting satisfaction. Walkerville, Canada Maple Syrup Makers,» You save luel.time and trouble by using the CHAHPION EVAPORATOR. It ~ Bar oins -- DIRECT ~ FREIGHT PA|D Write for Big Savings ‘Save money in buying the best quality hooflng, Asphalt Shlnglu, Building Pa on Roofln Conant. Pnlnu. Wall-hoard. otc. Latest gill piices hold ti: record for econom . We are direct factory distributors and menu- facturers of Stan-O- ine Products—Roofing and Building materials . “03:33:93. Yewmrxt‘pgholeuml‘eano middle profits to Day— . _ _ nun ‘ ‘ era-- 73"“. and "too Folder. nu. Act qenickl; vfiii’myiii‘eau nag i2... needs. a , WHITE STAR REFINING COM PANY » “ \ A / Ila-Mun a My new (Mud our-mm emanate" Avery Ave. no ¢.1'. II. II. DETROIT. men. . Building Dent. In. '2 J ‘ . . ' L. _ (—5 , win-”r" 53-: n aeti‘ahldq gig-[2'4 i-l o M E s 'llit ill The Milwaukee Air Power Water System wgplieg fresh water to any part of honse,.barn or ard. Just turn a faucet. Saves all carrying. cqun'es no water storage tank. Never freezes. ‘ he _Milwaukee Electric Light System is another, modern convenience that every farm ~ . homeneeds. Let usmll you how reasonably you cannet either . both. Only one engine required. Illustrated co. so mm s... nun-too. Wis. - ‘ I” o" 5 :1 FBEEgM-«seajafiia MAKES THE BEST SYRUP ». Evaporator ‘ Order 3nd all Sugar Ink- ers Supplies NOW, and be ready for business. Champion. ‘ trees you Evaporator _ up. Company, Hudson, Ohio BOOK 0N DOG DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by the Author H. CLAY CLOVER CO.‘, Inc. 118 West 31d Slreet,NewYork f ‘ -' -‘ America’s ~ Plonul no: Ramona: ‘ .‘firhflm ,1“ My, Elmo . LAN 1,067, ,. ‘_ “PINE AVEDO ' ' uiimulullunmfiv? ‘HlHlllllUllill‘Umlllb" Only two moving parts and those 1n plain sight when dis- tributor cap is removed. Just imag- tine the personal satisfaction of being able to understand the ‘how and "’Why of your ignition system. There are only two mov- ingparts to the sparking mechanism—chestnut} and the contact arm —the . ’ distributor blockl- 1‘: never ' touches the contacts, it jumps——see illustration. ' There are no bushes to foul and cause skipping and shorting. The system- is so unfailing as rarely Tasmanmuct- ever to need attentidn. ”gum-mfl-hmfli’zr muffler“? Driver’s-eye view of A. K. System installed on Maxwell Car There’s a type system for every car‘made—a special system for Fords and tractors Please Name Make and Model of Car or Wtor When Requesting Literature. ATWATER KENT NIF G WORKS, Philadelphia See your dealer or write tom Stenton Avenue 1 Y'nn'firnrmmr. 7mm . __,_._____..____ ' Throat Cotton Co .1 111mm. 1 3;. _.:l1'fll|j£!(_tit'l{ mp-qmmnmn: 1’. .W_.......-.. mm”...— '. '1"‘:nm . ‘over screens as U. unto. it out might think while on grass, ‘ who're they have access to good hay they are not as apt to scour or bloat. As winter or dry~lot feeding is some- what different from summer feeding I described ‘before, if need be. And if ' .horned cattle have them dehorned. They feed better and require only. about half the shed room and they us- ually sell better. Don’t have you1 yards too large. Warm the drinking water in cold weather with tank heater. It is cheaper than to warm it with feed. Give them a good dry bed anda good open shed free from draft. What I ‘ mean by an open shed is one side open preferably the south, and all other sides closed tight. And of sufficient else so all can get in and not be too crowded." It should be kept well bed- , ded and dry. Remember, in your cattle you have a money-making, or a money-losing ma- chine, and their ability to make money depends on the care and feed you gite them. If they have a good d1y bed where they can lay down in comfort they will ‘put on flesh much faster and ' with less feed. 'And then another es- sential thing is kindness. Pet your cat- tle and‘handle them much, always be- ing kind to them. They appreciate it and will reward you by putting on a few more pounds of flesh. In 1151131111 to feed, I would say by all HE potato glowers of Michigan must come to a. realization of the fact that our potatoes are being discriminated against in many markets in favor of California and Idaho pota- toes. as well as the potatoes from oth~ er states nearer home. It is always an easy matter to re. peat superficial truths, and call atten- tion to the existing conditions, but to find the proper remedy is still another , story. Let .us try and review our work and devise a remedy for the present discrimination against our Michigan potatoes. The Michigan potatoes I discovered on an extensive trip through Michigan, Indiana and Ohio, were clean, nice, smooth, uniform potatoes; all passing S. Grade No. 1 stock, seemingly a better potato than the Pacific Coast states were putting on our markets, until they were out. Then the Michigan potatoes were of inferior quality, unripe and the starch would almost immediately, upon cut- ting, begin ti) turn a reddish brown and in less than five minutes from the time the potato was cut would be entirely covered with a reddish color, indicat- ing an unripe condition. ‘ The California potatoes shipped to the same station in Ohio in bulk in car- load lots—when cut would show a would say, sort your cattle as I have means feed a balanced iation. While. it Why no means the only feed, and 1111on never be fed a‘kine. There are Several foods that should be used in connection with corn. And the more Variety of feeds used the better results as a rule. Cottonseed meal should be used and especially if cattle ale fed on pasture, as it is somewhat binding and cattle are notas apt to scour. Oil meal is good, but it is somewhat of a laxative. Both are good. Bran and cats are also good and should be used in connection with corn. And if roots are available they, too, can be used to good advan- tage. As for roughage, good alfalfa hay and corn silage leads them all. Clover hay. cowpea hayor soy bean, hay make good second choice. Corn. has a tendency to harden the fleshand ; no animal will put on flesh as rapidly. with corn alone as their flesh becomes too hard. Their flesh and hide should be mellow and loose, what the breeder calls a good handler. And they are easily kept in this condition if prop- erly fed and cared for. . ,Cattle of different size and ages re- quire difierent amounts. Don't over- feed until they are on full feed, and then if»:the different feeds are com stantly before .- them, they will balance" their own ration and will not eat too much. Before they are on full feed be very particular to feed regular. Have a few hogs to run with the cattle. Enough to clean up 'the waste. Quality of Potatoes W e' Cannot Compete Succergrully in Me Potato Mar- éets of t/ze Country Until W 6 Produce Potatoes of Quality. -—By R. C. Moms. ' good growth the larger yield we secure has caused many of us to look for the number of bushels of U. S. Grade No. 1 potatoes that can be produced rather than to encourage a greater demand for Michigan potatoes through improv- ing the quality. I am no better than the rank and file of Michigan potato growers as we lost twelve hundred bushels by pressing weather last fall. But, unquestionably the man who is going to get the most money out of his potato crop will put them up‘ in bushel containers with a brand guarantee as to quality Quality is the keynote of success in this line as well as in the fruit busi- ness. The BvenyDavis apples sell for about half'as much as the Jonathan. «The same with the Keifer pear in com- parison to pears of quality. I think I can see the time coming when potatoes will sell to a public. educated as to what constitutes quality in potatoes. »1 would like to have the potato growers of the state come out with this idea of the best quality of Michigan potatoes. I will ship a carload in the spring in bushel baskets unde1 label, as I can see how I can make it a paying invest- ment to buy the baskets. 'Think this over: Is it not true that three-fourths of our Michigan potatOes are really un- On over a million farms this cotton can". is be. 'smooth, white appearance and would ripe and unfit for human consumption? ing used in preference to leather. Not because they . continue to be white for a much longer Is it not time that we made an effort 1h r for other needs, but because . . . _ . it: citle‘c’grgrfiiaxiheanzaafiiar means freedom from galls. period. to {remedy thlS condmon? Gall-amicmdhhorseshwork in them every day. and shoul- The prices in a retail way were :1. 50 55. defiaggaiifwciogei; :ggzn army ”duck like a surgical per bush'el for Michigan potatoes and bandage. Stufied with soft, springy cotton fiber that $375 per buShBl for Californlagrow‘n absorbs sweat and impurities from sores. Keeps neck potatoes. - FARMERS should not lose the lesson an COO th 11 throat that gives lling muscles ‘ n ’ f o 1'. es on of 1 - fiagfiyflmg’s 0:111 the pumag mus” es, instead This 1 spection o p ta 0 . a ast sprmg with reference to the TESTING SEED coau’. chafing against them. Cannot sweeney. Will or harden—often lasts three or more seasons. Dealers sell them on e In,“ guarantee that gelled horses m it: well while workigm nkfords. your“en that cannot supply yamsen as $2.50, and we will ship you a ' collar, charges propel (7-219 xuqyf/Jpnr‘c , 71/1; . lJflJL ous- nexus not pack Browsns we. eo., “06.0.13. quality basis is what we are coming to and we must meet it squarely in this, as "in all other lines of business. It is clearly a case of a "survival of t the fittest. ” The government says that a U. 8. Grade No.1 potato shall be run .oyer a screen of a certain dimen- sion and be ripe, but, let me ask you. how many potatoes shipped out of Michigan are ripe and of good quality? The knowledge of the fact that the L; W... later We can plant a potato and get a importance of testing seed corn. Corn that to all outward appearances was sound proved to be worthless for seed. The farmer should never take a chance with seed com, but should thoroughly test eve1y ear intended for seed. The sand and sawdust tray and the rag—doll testers give good results. . The best type of swine have been evolved from the merienoe of breed ers and packers. ' he. Favors f’i‘M‘ichigan Standard?” Grade .. HALL the potato growers of Mich- i igan- accept” the grading rules of I the Bureau of Markets as the final _ word on potato grading? I think they will not, fer while there is not the ex- pressed dissatisfaction with the amend- ed’rules now in force that there was « a year ago, there is a strong feeling on the part of leading growers that the action of the Michigan Potato Growers' ‘ v Association demanding a grade calling ' for the use of an‘ inch and three~quar— ters round mesh screen and naming such a grade of potatoes Michigan Standard Grade, is just the way Mich- igan’s great commercial crop should be marketed. After studying the potato question from every"'angle the writer is firmly of the opinion that such a grade is what we should all work [for as the grade'to be adopted all o'verithe Unit- ed States for marketing'the bulk of the potato crop. ' The experiment of two grades has been tried by the Bureau of Markets and the result has been~ that No. 2 " grade-has not figured much in mar— kets, and that the bulk of the potato crop has been marketed as, No. 1’s and thatthere is really no demand for No. 2 potatoes. Michigan growers have been unani- mously in favor of one grade of pota- toes for the great commercial crop and all shippers I have talked with are of the same opinion. . When only one grade of potatoes is marketed it is obvious that that grade should include all good edible stock. Therefore such a grade should'include smaller potatoes than the present U. S. grades No. 1, while at the same time excluding stock too small to be accept- able to the consuming public. One- eighth-inch change in the size of a screen seems very little but it is sur- prising What a difference such change made this last season. Now one more Change to what the growers want would fix the potato situation as far as grading. is concerned, to the satisfac- tion of both growers and general con- sumers. Provision might be made for a special grade to supply special trade but that is a secondary matter. The specialists can take care of that to suit themselves. The last meeting of the State Asso- ciation instructed our secretary to cor- respond with other state. associations on this subject and the writer believes that that is'the correct method of pro- cedure to. secure a change in the U. S. Bureau - of Market‘s. rules. It would seem that. it several states adopt one grade, mch'and three—quarters, that the Bureau of Markets would make their rules to conform to the wishes of the growers, for government by the people @- vail. this year it is especially good. business. command exceedingly good: prices in 1919. your binder be equal 0 its task. . For years you have been cheerfully complying with Government request to save materials by repairing your old machines rather than making replacements. Now that the need for this has passed, would it not be the part of real economy to buy a new machine and be assured of uninterrupted and maximum service at a time . when a break-down would mean Serious embarrassment .and loss. -Deering,' McCormick and Milwaukee HarVesting Machines accomplish satisfactory results under all conditions. These widely-used machines save your crop’when it is They have down, tangled or otherwise in bad shape. every attachment necessary to give you a clean, good, cheap and always dependable job. From the moment the keen knives cut the grain until the securely tied sheaves are deposited to be shocked, there is no loss. Everything works with ease and regularity from start to finish. There is no better time than now to see your local dealer about our binder, and to place your order for Deering, International, ilwaukee or McCormick inder twine. Our organization being an essential industry has been speeded to top-notch efficiency. By anticipating your needs and ordering early, you make it easier for us to take back our soldier boys without disturbing our present organization. Deering, McCormick and Milwaukee binders give service always and get service always.‘ The I H C dealer can take care of At his ready command is one of our 89 branch houses. he service you get is such as you might expect from an organizac your needs. tion that for nearly a century has specialized on farm needs. (Incorporated CHICAGO . You Can « Control the Harvest ‘WHILE you cannot altogether control the siZe and quality of your grain crop you can control the harvesting no matter what conditions pre- It IS always good business to waste no grain—- Grain will You can ill afford to lose any offiyOur crop through inefficient harvesting methods. {It is extremely important that ' 3!? The Full Line of International .; Harvester Quality Machines . YGrain Harvesting Machines Binders Push Binders Headers Rice Binders. Harvester-Threshers Reapers Shockers Three ers Tillage Implement. " Disk Harrows Tractor Harrows Spring-Tooth Harrows , Pe -Tooth Harrows Orchar Harrows Cultivators Planting and Seeding Machines ' Corn Planters Corn Drills Grain Drills Broadcast Seeders Alfalfa and Grass Seed Drills Fertilizer and Lime Sowers Haying Machines Mowers Side Deliver Rakes Comb. Side Rakes & adders Tedders Loaders (All types) , Baling Presses Rakes Sweep Rakes Stackers Comb. Sweep Rakes & StaCRerS Bunchers — Belt Machines Ensilage Cutters Corn Shelters Huskers and Shredders Hay Presses Stone Burr Mills Threshers Feed Grinders Cream Separators Power Machines Kerosene Engines Gasoline Engines Kerosene Tractors Motor Trucks Motor Cultivators Corn Machines Planters Motor Cultivators Drills Ensilage Cutters Cultivators Binders Pickers Shellers Husker-Shredders Dairy Equipment Cream Separators (Hand) Cream Separators (Belted) Kerosene Engines MotorTrucks GasolineEngines Other Farm Equipment Manure Spreaders Straw Spreading Attachment Farm Wagons Stalk Cutters Farm Trucks Knife Grinders Tractor Hitches Binder Twine 7 .2 International Harvester Cempany of America USA @2 American Fence - Full gauge wires—full weight—full length rolls. Superior quality galvanizing, proof against ' hardest weather conditions. is according to American ideals. Other provisions of the Bureau of, Markets grading rules dealing with. such matters as sunburn, cuts, scab, rot, etc., have been recently amended, to make'more liberal provisions and1 are now fairly acceptable to growers.1 In fact, no honorable grower wants to sell, worthless potatoes, but all growers do object to. rules shutting but of the markets or putting in an inferior class sound edible stock which is just a trifle too small to go over an inch and seven- eighths screen.“ but which» would go over an inch and three-fourths screen. One grade of spuds is what we ordi-_ ’ nary growers want. Let; us keep at it, until we get what Wewant. . - ‘ . A. M." SMITH. emcee Send for our Special Book on F enclng. Dealers Everywhere oAMERlCAN STEEL AND WIRE COMPANXE W YORK .where . . .. orrow the money. Don’t wait for the A FXRMTFENCE FAMINE! If you will need fence next spring and know u can buy, DO IT NOW, even if you have to to come down nor buy more than you will really need, for many will have, to go without. Reason for this prediction explained in our “Fence Famine Bulletin.’ ' Free for the asking. Not at all; you’re welcome. BOND STEEL [031' 00., 16 Maumee St, IIDIIIIIII, HIGH. price GET . MY . LOW PRICES BEFORE YOU BUY Don’t neglect to send for my Na: I Bar in Fence and Gate Book and see yoursel laiow you can SAVE BIG MONEY buying . bDIREfCT Flg'OM li'Aic'I'Olllzl e o on m ”$123. 33' ates-mam 1615‘ W WyIRE FENCE-the fence that. man rant '0 stifle! end stronger—the: outlast- ." others. FREIGHT PREPAID , I my the freight and save youzofi to 405. Out 150 out... Allo Gum, Bub Wire. Write (or Barceln Book cod-y. m the Brown Fence & Wire 00.. Dept. 249 elude-l. 0. . Direct to Farmer ' at “live Mill Prices ‘ eArALoe was: I KITSELMAN sans. ammo uuumrfium , " .Ca I‘Bug,flandy,.m1h-cradofmo and Mamet-tale Direct ‘ from. . i CI e a grown. _ y Gusting d. an i‘ or hard t .ordoremyro s in; lant To p.13?“ use...“ am ; memes Hm... surnames . Save 1' .cenus lesion. Bi ne slants 'n legeoialtiee. All 1' ' . outrun-lemon: w- ink-mow (Mg-n" talod, FREE QUALITY GOODS .. At Money-Saving Prices , Fence. Oates Posts, Roofi 1p ~ ' Paints. Silos, Tanks. ca 1' " .2 DIRECT FROM FACTOIl-Y. 10 bar 47411., 12in. my “130.9,; fence 74c.0ther prices in proportlbn. STA :51“ for Ontalgk" ‘ . DA 11:2 . I . 40W. open it bl“- 1n We can teach you in a fen short weeks to handle any. auto or tractor proposition. car that comes alOng. Our garage repair shop has from twenty to twenty—five cars for you to work on. The Automobnle Center 10 profitable life work. mobile . - and tractor industries - . ofier you greateropportumues than eyer before. Now that the war is - over, the factories are again building autos M t tlélcks and trfictors. . 0 or ompariy alone has orders 11 end for 250 000 to 300 000 cars, not includin trucks. It IS saidth t Do B, h . Buick, Cadillac, Packard and m g a dgc rot era, i on hand to keep going at full speed u113.01.301'ies arialsowbehind on orders. man acturing t at outdistance anything previousl ex rienced. Thous d . . of trained auto and tractor men are needed. Get ready now}; topgutera succeesfulaanntl It is re orted that the Ford ang‘others have enough unfilled orders I 7 y and night for months Tractor There Will be a boom :11 auto and 1mm“ Earn $100 to $400 Per Mont _o_—— cars go and come every day—you get regular garage experience. five difl'er-ent motors for you to work on. ‘3? Llano”? moron 'cnn 'conp DII’ROI‘I’. m. 0 3A oMlch' Inflated; In llllon° is the aginstltutmn of its kind in 33 mun . Sn far as we are nworo. it! coupe of instruction ‘1. chit-wk. compre- " bonnivo and practical. In fact. we endorse lb methodof tuition. We hovoneoommocded e greatmeny stud- ents taco tho-m tithe results were very notio- focwry. _ “Yours very lira-IV. . HUDSON MOTOR GAR 0031?“ . Mm“. Q3319: COMPA.“ mun-norm” you-111E: 1.20 [Jacob 8t" Glo dI —t.h lich' :8: to A to-‘Ichoolro o I a u m Wigs» 1%“ this is one of the belt schools In fie Courm'v‘:o min-hue M“ mine who In em buil- It ice 35.11%- ized institutione among tho auto- m? from thin school “drew". mum on AHIIICA lichlcon Stole Auto School we? tetrlnhtltzv’lasu and is prob. Enter}! “3f: m a snag-11:11.“. noour heel 7'5'W‘I‘cum' pron cm "bouillon: ARDI @anIm. (ISA ' H Tire Repairing H Brazing and Weldiu U Aeroplane Motor Mechanics Mark cam comm you are Interested In. Or. halter «1111mm can expect me about [I Am and Tractor Canon Sheet .....- ...... ....-....... j Gltyg.-~.........._--......--....... Factories Endorse Our School 'l‘he leading automobile factories in Detroit and other c1t1es endorse our school. our equipment and our methods of teaching. Read some of their endorse- ments on this page letters from different parts of the country asking about us. you, as a student (here in Detroit, the .auto center), get the benefit of it. This school is highly endorsed, and has a world-"wide reputation for excellence. Complete Tractor Course Included In Auto Course With the eta—operation of the International Harvester Co. and our complete tractor equipment, every man who takes. the complete Auto course .is thoroughly equipped to handle every Tractor problem. Tractor instructions are included with the Auto course at the same tuition. Earn While You Learn If necessary we can secure work for you to” help pay expenses while you are taking our courses. These were written in reply to ' We enjoy their keenest co-operation; and' You learn to repair any Difierent In our block test department alone we have twent - We have absolutely the best equipment obtainable. , y Over Five M1I-lion Cars Now In Use Five million cars to be overhauled and repaired‘at least once a year. Big money in selling new and used cars. How much of this are YOU going to get? 9111' course gives you garage experience and practice. You are taught garage management, prices, uSed car values. » etc. We even put you in touch with localities want— ing garages opened. Your opportunities are unlimited. Let us tell you more about them. ” Aeroplane Course Now Included With Auto’Course We are including .the complete Aeroplane Mechanics . course with the Automobile course at no additional . cost. We have Curtiss equipment for instruction. Courses In Brazing, Welding, Tire Repairing In addition to our general, automobile course, we give separate and complete courses on Brazing and Welding and on Tire Repairing. With over five mil- lion cars in use and four or five tires per car, there Is a lot of money in repairing tires. Bracers and welders getting $8.00 and $10.00 per day. Factories and garages are always looking for these men. too. Not a_0ne Man School This school is founded on the best. most prac- tical and newest prln- ,clples in Automobile Truck, Aeroplane. and ; ' Tractor business. It Is ' the result of the keen- “est co- operation with manufacturers Service _ stations- garages and oWners. It is not on mom'- Hel. but the ideas of the biggest best, and most successful men in .each field. . C. F. - our making SwansonEamsfiZG PerMontlI This Yoko Mad. Good—- ' . You Con, Too ' Swanson is only one of . .4 j ' 3 1‘ . . W {- 7,000 graduates 1 good. selling automobiles. and hundreds Of our graduates after knock-111g around “the tac- tories of the Auto center" a while so back ”homo and start in business for themselves. Lit- tle or no capital is required. You can do the same. ‘Wonder- ful opportunities for small :11- M'- — «nu-o ul— Jem— AUTO SALVAGE and exams cad In? - human-«MW: \WS‘I—w we...“ who is ' an Mex-com repairing and Hundreds u ' _ “DUI Cll'l. Io'fll. e wean" ' ’ 3 -¥ an... #7 “E 'oulbw‘km u (at wwmuaa no. mgaofizaznm-fid o mmhtfiw yaw 11.5? ' ”Iota-amt. ' School. ' sow mrs caupan mm MICHIGAN STATE AUTO ECHOOL 1.3 Auto Bldg” 68749-91 Woodward Ave. DETROIT. MICHIO AN, U s A. Gentlemen. Please send we absolutely FREE New 176 page muotroted Cato! cg. “Au‘o Sc Nerd” and information as checked below. Mic Arthur G. Zeller, President nelroitisl’looe'l‘oWAnyTue Detroit trained men get preference and get jobs quickly No other city can gixe what Detroit does with its more than 184 large Auto and acces- smies factories. Thmk what it means to learn in the Michigan State Auto Factories endorse 0u1 school, glad to employ our graduates. Un- limited opportunities. 71% of automo- biles made in Detroit. You are right in the Heaxt of the Auto Industry. Men are needed everywhere as testers. repairmen, chauffeurs, garagemen and salesmen Vie 11216 a Sprague Elec- tric Dynamometer for Block- testing pu1p0ses fo1 students' use. Michigan State Auto School open all the year. Enter classes any time. any day. Three classes daily: morning, afternoon, even- ing. Instructors are members of The Socletv of Automotiie Engineers (8. A. E) i rages. Repair and sell new and used cars. , 4-«4 é'i'ngg. 115$; ‘ (SM‘W comrade-armors We have more calls for trained men at big salaries than we can supply— - Tele- . factories ask us daily for men. grams come from tactorles and garages all over the U. S. A. asking for De- troit trained men. Think What it means to learn at the M. S. A. S in the heart of the indus- try. Detroit trained men get prefex- once every time. People prefer Detroit Trained Men " just as they prefeI De- troit stoves or any other commodity. for which Detroit 15 famous. And don't forget they are willing to any moro for the Detroit Brand, whether it Is a. trained man. or a stove, or an auto- mobile. The coming year will be the busiest the auto industry has ever known. Opportunities are unlimited. Get started now. FREE—New 176 Page Catalog and School News Shows how we train the head and hand Sho‘ws and explains how we can 7.000 satisfied graduates Dozens of letters from factories endorsing our school and methods. excelled equipment. letters from many of our the coupon: get the “Auto School News" All absolutely free. Or better still, and come to the “Heart of the Automobile Industry" 133 illustrations showing our 1111- train you. Hundreds of from around the world. Fill In and New lYG-Page Illustrated Catalog. lump on the train. as hundreds have done and learn fight Mail the coupon today. telling us when to expect you. The Old WWWTRUCKS—T anw State Auto School A.G.ZZEILERW mono-.- WW 1003 Auto Bldg,“ 1537-89-91 Woodward Ave“ 0213017. NICE, 9. S. A. Money-Back Guarantee We cum-onto: to quollfy you for a position In , chauffeur, recur nun. tantalum ascend-n. garage mun. outomobilc dado“ uro- oboe motor new-nicer am new and counter, payingfrom $100 to SM monthly. or rm your money. DETROIT WMZBEWW. One 70f the Women Delegates Elected to the Frederick H. Gillett, to Succeed Champ Clark as Col. Fred’k Wise, Heroic Commander of the Ma- German Assembly at Weimar. Speaker of the House of Representatives. rines, who made History at Chateau Thicrry'. Group of Allied Women in Paris to Discuss International Suffrage. and Report President Wilson and Mrs. Wilson Coming Ashore from the Boat which met e upon Conditions Concerning Welfare of Women and Children. the S. S. George Washington in the Boston Harbor. An Unusual Photograph of the Commission on the League The Funeral Procession of Sir Wilfred Laurier. Former Premier of Canada, Assembled at the Hotel Orillon, Paris. * Passing the Parliament Buildings at Ottawa. fifierfliing. flacnr’ ’ " ' A. "I I" f NeW York who Killed Fifteen President Wilson Arriving on the Transport George Washington, Dofls h . Gawain, with a ~310ka 3‘5 his OnlyQWeapOn. Hat to the Cheering Crowds who come out to meet him, A 00pm!“ by Underwood & Undemood. New York HIS. fKmark appears - on every Sherwin- Williams product. It means many things to your advantage and one of the things it means is responsibility—the willingness of The Sherwin-Williams Company to stand back of its goods. V This responsibility is as broad as the Sherwin- Williams line. Whether the product is paint for your buildings and implements, disinfectants for your cow barns and chicken houses, dips for your cattle or spraying material to protect your fruit and vegetables from the ravages of insects, this mark on the package is your safe-guard_,in buying all ' SHER WIN- WILL/A MS PRODUCT-9 Instcrlcmss mmrs. * VA‘RNTS’HES‘. W comm. Plant-m CHEMICALS; o‘lsmEEcrA-Nrs. m * D PRESERVAWVES .‘ 57,. . AE"\i:1a :II.) ‘ A...) a . h a h \ " n. 3. l . I P: ' '3 "Th-‘- Eh 1 t . ' 'One of our Laboratories. . ‘ . . . . _ i - . a .. , .- , _ when all materials must , ii ' .. i p , \i. i ‘9‘ ' ' 4 ' V .- 7' Jun: the test: of expert i 5 . . ' :. . ’/\ ~ - ~' I J5. ‘5 chemist: and be unmoved ' w - » f ii“ ' i ' ' ' ' , for shipment. . 5 \ I’ haw-'1“ . Codiinz moth i i " » _' lawn in apple 1 . g . ,3 a , v“ “\Jx rw’js ‘ ' t ’ \ “Striking tube" in the 7‘ K..- JShennin-Williamc Ancnate , I - H We: of Lead plant. Every step '. r, in manla‘oeture is checked ' ‘ / . . a by careful teen. .’ , , ' . ' g . I ‘ . ; . _ vantage that unlimited sources of pure raw materials and Pests COSt the country . - the utmost assistance of science and chemistry can give. ' 00 000 00 ' l i Sherwin-Williams Insecticides are all made in dry pow- $5 ’ ; ‘7' 0 ' dered form. No extra weight in hauling, no freezing, ' ~ . i . g ' . leaking or loss of strength. In using you simply add the m crops Annually powder to water. It dissolves or suspends instantly, gives a _ . _ , ‘ ' ’ . uniform spray and sticks fast. ' .. HIS m the estimated lossgthrough neglect-of spraying You cannot tell good Insecticides from bad bylooking at or the use of improper spraying material. A part of the them. You have no ready means of testing them in ad- vast sum is your personal loss a-s-well as-a loss tothe country. i . vance-so be sure of the maker. Use products of known If you do not spray or if you use ineflective materials, . value, identified by a trademark, known all over the world I .‘ Hi, you lose more than your time and labor. You lose your crop—your year’s income, with no chance to retrieve your mistake. ‘ .fiIE SHERWIN-WILUAMS Co. The Sherwin-Williams Company make the most com- Main correspondence office. Cleveland, Ohio and vouched for by a house of unquestioned value. plCtC 1111C Of IDSCCUCldCS and Fungncrdes in the worid' It Adair-rt: Inuctia'de Dept. for Jpraying' 6001' and other helpful literature Q has manufactured these products for years with every ad- , Ham. Warehouse: and Sales Office. allover M. world 5:: ' Sherwin-Williams Dry Powdered Insecticides ' - . Putts GREEN. Smmhrd, light and fluffy, insuring good'suspension Safe and cfiective. WEEK-TONIC. In dry Wwdered form. A combination of Bordeaux Mixture [and DRY POWERED AMA“ 0F LEAD Maximum killing power speedy action Paris Green. Has killing power of Paris Green and fungus preventive qualities of Bor- and unquestionable effectiveness. Will not burn foliage. deaux Mixture ’ FUNGl-DORDO TN: IBOI'dcwx mixture in .dry powdered form. Readily mixes in INSECTO A combination of Bordeaux Mixture and Arsenate of Lead. For fruit trees ‘ ' 0944 water. ' ‘: and garden crops. \ 1*" WE m The only Lime Sulfur in dry powdered form on the market. Has ARSENATE OF CALCIUM. Similar to Arsenatc of Lead' 111 many ways. Espoehliy “i ii“ 33W of Lime fiulfnr Solution hut eliminates in 41mm: x 5 , -. _~ , . v. ”admitted to nod fruits. . . 5 _ ' ; to V on fuel cost. I upon request. 'Omaha, — because they want to besure aboVV t" "eating comfort and lower fuel brlls n' Fall- is a busy time for Mueller dealers and if you I .-,wait, the first cold map may catch you unpre- ' pared. And certainly you d6n’ t Want to go through another Winter putting up With the muss, diseor'nfOrt and high Cost of stove heat. '1 ‘ I Because of its pipeless construction the Mueller can be easily installed in any homee—no tearing up of Walls and floors for pipes. is guaranteed to heat every room in your house . . - comfortably through one register. _ i The Mueller' 1s recognized by heating experts as the highest type of p eless furnace construction. It Will burn any kin6p coke, Vwoon, lignite, gas or Oil—and save you V3' The Mueller ~ of fuel—V—hard or soft c631, Whether your hOUSe 19 large or small, with a cellar or W1thout the Mueller can be installed easily and will serve you efficiently. The operation of the Mueller and its superior features are interestingly explained 1n the booklet “The Modern Method ' of Heating Your Home,’ -Wr_ite today for this book and the name or , your nearest Mueller dealer. L. J. MUELLER FURNACE CO 195 Reed St., Milwaukee, Wis. " Mdkers of Heating Systems of all kinds same 1857 Distributing points at Brooklyn and Buffalo, N. .:Phila-' ' . dolphin, Pittsburgh and Lancaster, Pa... Tol le 0, 011 0: ' Detroit and Grand Rapids; Mich; Minneapolis and Paul, Minn... Chicago. Ill Neb.; Aberd een, S. D.: Seattle, Wash; San Francisco and L611 Angeles, Cal. ’ which We’ll gladly send you free . ‘ :Kansas City and St. Louis, _ i ' I "r the W-rgth of Monsieur 1Cass1on.I{.V’ ' are net angry? It Was but the duty of stunted to return to the \campk 011- j a; friend” . . “That I would neither meet, nor 6616 business ”being there :, municate With you until our arrival at Was t6 arouse the Mission House, my Fort St Louis. " ‘ second to return to camp, and tell the ' ‘ and I felt my limbs tremble; lieve this is my thOught yet I must your- movements with horror. “ tell you the truth Hugo Chevét Was you go straight to the body, assure ‘ offhand, using his authOrity as com-. 1 »astonishment. . ' - ' sous. I murder to win yoiir promise 9” 3 assure you a fair trial.” 1‘!le SELF-BIL!“ VlllllllllLII._ the so pul s'r in i first four yearsth thou-an have ‘ee'n chll'ed'o rto replsee, on their old towers. othcrrnsk canf of m' s1. and to replace. at small cost. the earin 6 1111:: earlier Aetmotcirs.msd ing ems -o - - ing. itsenclosed oifnotorem ‘ V keeps 1n keeps out thdust and rain. The Splash 13 ing System counted 37 " floods every bearing with oil, pro-I vVe ting wear. and ensb 1n this" rnil toapumpl‘ in the lightest reeze. eo supp yisrenewe once syeu. Ruble Gears are used. eac on half thfsload. ate make Gasoline anzines, umps. Steel Frame Saws. BuyersS'ave S 83’. OOper Bu. lower When we bought our sugply. Our prices ridiculous] low. The big savin to you is no hoour earl iii-chase. very lot tested, pure llinois grown, igh grade uckthorn free. Guaranteed satisfactory or money refunded. Crop short. Don' t wait for higher prices. Our big ins in seed will astonish you. Have A! alfa $8. 90 er Bmgfimothy $4. 76; Sweet.w Cleover s5. 25 and allGrnss Se at greatly reducedp save you money and give . you manic]: Service. pWrite,w toda‘; Igor“ {rele- sample, lIow. need mane Seed Gui 't el ayJI can utuafSeedcoq Dept. 431' t(lineage Our seeds are selected and cleaned WE EEDLESS and free tram deadgrai as. '- themed V65. wtoKnow GoI‘dd Seéd’lfregi . 1-9- 111. scan if sous co. 211‘ sum .fi.‘ .1 1.. - 61000 rgu'rpdfl" ,; 1,1... .9 ffi'tfiesm 31 ‘ . ‘ 6“: o ’1‘ m“: 36511111613 - ' "HM“ f' Willdgo lli‘luch gather “1:2“ or digny fiel‘g 96111;: V_ nea yVlswaySQ 111 e110 tbtecrop MAP” or : IBoys and young men everywhere . are making good money takin ordersfor Ranger" bieyclesa'n _ bicycle' tires and sundries. 11 You are privil ed to select the particular styleo Ranger mdglcy‘cle you : M01015“ 0 mode, "P7 Buyer nor". ‘ tosses." "Fuse", 'ehe. .Whlletyon eulogy and holidays—1 your 7' admiringm giends can be eas1ly ndue'ed‘to lace orders through you very Vnger sold takes with t" our 5-1115qu .s'nfeesnd famous o-Dsy Trip! pgreensent. sin-willy“ Every rem o! s lions“! bicycle (on 066m (actor!- IscvtA e-rldsr ed on) gets 1: 11- gully gnu-In d model direct _e (sftoryst twholesslo ‘cei.ui db DIM. cued,» ride It {or ' “yaw hero s 1111-! decent-nee. 1 it turned st 6:? W the delta” oil-113:1. 313,521” In poll-den MEAD CYCLE COMPANY Dept. P-77 CHICAGO. D.:-A. . _ urged eagerly tron actors at: - ,7. svsavrnmc ABOQJ" . SILAGE Send}: 01 1 ins . ’ An entirely new ‘ and practicgl Work 'oh Silos. their construct on and thie roaess of Com ate: 'and' set 14 age and its 691119082115 llggof Sil and rot 1n'or 1. sakfor 4-1: or f l - vet's Ohio s11°o 1161635311?" 1 ~ Mail ad Fru 1- Thé Silver Mfg-e Co Brood ml ’,- ‘; tignyV scarcely permitted me time. ‘ me it was for my sake" you romaine {loading the boats, but I never gave the matter- second thought "That was 11‘6t the I'gray eyes sought to assure myself or y f1 .. til REG! STERE’ SEED " V“_I knew Monsieur Casswn and morenuomnu II 311111.12de . 131s - ’ INSPECTEDIC' ‘ For us mes of .1.w.1uc01.so" ”mm time here IWVOnld occu .Vggtm‘ggléL:'—so ~ at;:,ekBW' ca , m write 00*“. Sec‘ . ' Michigan Cro‘n Imp'rhovhmem mm. ’ “You have guarded me?" , within, and saw Cassion asleep on a. “As best I could, Without arousing bench, and knew you had retired to the Y6Vu'1 chamber above. I was satisfied and my Way back I found Chevet’s budy at, “N0, I am not angry, MonSieur, yet‘ the edge of the wood. I discovered; ' it was not needed. I do not fear Cas- how he had bd‘en lulled—a knife thrust . sion', so long. as I can protect myself,VI in ‘_the back.” , X . ._.— .for. if" he attempts evil it will find. some . form of treachery. But, M6nsieur, lat- alarm.” ~ , ' er I. gave him the pledge he asked. ”.1 1 e What Was best for. me to do. I had no . 1“But you made no.1‘ep6rt; raised n6 . "-1 Was confusedhunable to decide 5 “The pledge! What pledge?” - My; first impulse My eyes fell before his earnest gaze, men there. With this last purpOse in “Mon Dieu! Why? There was some the hill, but had hardly 116119; ‘50 when Special cause 9” I caught sight of you in the meonlight, “Yes, Monsieur—listen D0 100‘: be-1 and remained there hidden, watéhing I saw found dead, 'murdered at St Ignace yourself. th’e' man Was dead; then re- Twas the morning Of 0111' departure, turn to the Mission VH6use‘, and enter and Your boat had already gone H-Casf your room by Way 61? the kitchen roof. sion accused you of the crime, as some Do you realize what your actions nat- of the men saw you coming from the urally meant to me. '2" direction Where the body was found I stared at him, scarcely able to late at night, and others reported that speak yet in some way my lips formed .you 'tW6- had quarreled the; evening. be- words ,- I fore. Gassion would have tried you ‘fYou—you th6ught I1did: 1t"”.'7f‘ mander of the expedition, but premised -hidi6g there; you examined the b6dy; . not to file charges until we reached St.‘ you orop‘t 5e01etly in thl‘oug‘h the win- ' . Louis, if I made pledge+3twas then I dow, and gave no alarm.” gave him my word. " 1 The horror of it all struck me like a. pression on his face. one of profound hands no longen able to reStrain my ‘De Artigny caught my hands, “He—he accused me,” he asked, “of and Vunc0vered my fa_;ce _ “D6 not break down, little girl,” be “NO Monsieur; - he believed the entreated. “It is better so, for n0W~ we Charge true, and I pledged myself to understand each other. You sought to , shield me, and I endeavored t6 protect; ; “Then you believed also that I was you. ’Twas a strange misunderstand- guiltY. of the foul crime?” " i 1 ing, and, but f0r the accident to the I caught my breath yet there was canoe, might have had tragic ending." nothing for me to do but give him a. ' '“You Would never have told?" frank answer “Of seeing you there, of suspecting “1'4 have given no testimony, Mon- you? Could you think that possible?” sieur,” I faltered, “but I———I saw you in “But you would have been com the moonlight bending over Chevets demned; the ev1dence was all against dead body” - 'I’ 1, you." .7 . - CHAPTER XIX. ' ' 14 6 6 “Let us not talk 6f that noW,” he in- II V we Exchange C6‘r1fiIdences. 1 sisted. “We have chine back to a faith 4 Y eyes fell before his; I could in each other You believe my Word?” M not look into his face, yet I had I“Yes ” - ' 1‘ ‘ I a. sense that he Was aetualIyI “And I yours ” glad to hear my words. There was 116 His hand Clasp tightened and there an'ger,_rather happiness and reliéf' in was that 1n 1115 eyes WhiCh frighten- the gray eyes. 9d me. ‘I‘And you actually believed I struck N0 110- Monsieur,” I exclaimed and the blow? You thought me capable of dl‘eW back QUiCkly- “DO DOt say more, driving a knife into the man’s back to for I am here Wlth you alone and gain revenge?” “Monsieur, what. could I think?” 1 8101.1. returns” ith my own éyésr releasing my hands. ‘ “Still it can sure- ly do no harm for us to understand ble, yet I saw you w You kneW of the murder, but you made 110' reporI, morning your boat Was gone before the sion; you (115111“? deepise the man and body was found by others. there 18 naught sacred in your mar— “True yet there was a reason which riage. We are in the wilderness, not I can confess to you You also discov- Quebec, and La Barre has little author- cred the bOdy that night, vet aroused ity here. You have protected me with - 116 alaim I saw you- Why did you re- your Silence—was it not because you -I1nain silent? Was it to pretect me 933er for 111-9?” “ . ‘ from suspicion?” “Yes Monsieur; you have been my I bent my head, but failed to find friend.” . ' Words With which to answer. De Ar— 14 “Your friend- 18 that 311?”, “That is the truth; your silence tells like you well .I would save you from purpose Was the sa'me?i Listen to me, sions Wife .bY rite 0f Holy Church I my gm and have faith in my words—4V- do not fear him—he is a coward; but ' I am not guilty of Hugo Cheyet’s death. I fear dishonor Monsieur. for I am ’ I did not like the man, it is true, and Adele 1a Chesnayne. I would respect We exchanged Words in anger while 111wa and you” I ',I The light of conquest vanished from ‘ the first night of this journey that I silent and motion] st,‘ Madame, ” he 1 -th fiwhat t‘fthat ome said- so ‘he is capable use tel 1': 3;: ‘ *6 Where it was possible i have‘wetchedt save in camp . It was for that 66:6 6 I approached pardo for 111on . the. Masses Hesse _ teamed endemic ho- ,- view I entered' the wood to descend , “What else could I think? You were .138 Artigny straightened 11D. the ex- blow, and I coy ere'd my eyes With my . there will be trouble enough When Cas- “Is that not enough, Monsieur? I ‘ d injustice. You could net respect me if V Istill. Is it not possible, Adele, that my I said more: for I am Monsieur 0213- V F0172 a'moment he stood I ‘ then he drew a frontier ll .” “‘V I\ . ..- ...'.. 1.. , confronting a»; we must aid each other. 1 . ed waters of the lake. ‘ depth of mammal; in my good will: ,, yet the feeling which swayed me was not altogether that of pleasure. He was not one to yield so quietly, or to long restrain the words burning his tongue, yet I surrendered to my first impulse, andextendedgmy hand. __ , 7 -, ' “There is‘ nothing? 111‘. pardon, Sleur ;: . de Artigny," I said't‘rankly. f‘ “There is no one to whom I owe more of court~ esy than you. I trust you fully, and believe your Word, mo in return I ask ; the” same. faith. Under the conditions We have both made mistakes in thus éudeavoring to shield one another from Suspicion, and, as a 1esult, are beth equally in -.'peril Our being alone to- gether here will outage Mensieur Cas- sion, and he will use all his power for revenge. My testimony will only make your case more desperate should I con- fess what I know, and you might cast suspicion on 1110—” “You do not believe I would?” .» “No, I do not. and yet, perchance, it might be better for us both if I made full confession. I hesitate merely be cause Cassion would doubt my word; would conclude that I merely sought to , protect you. Before othe1s——fair~mind- ed judges at St. Louis—I should have - no hesitancy in telling the whole story. for there is nothing I did of which I am ashamed, but here, where Cassion has full authority, such a confession would mean your death.” 3 “He would not dare; .I am an officer at the Sieur de la Selle." ' V "The more reason why he would. I know Monsieur Cassion even better than you do. He has conversed with me pretty freely in the boat,:and made. ' clear his hatred of La Salle, and his . desire to do him evil. No fear of your chief will ever deter him, for he be- lieves La Barre has sufficient power now in this coulotry to compel obedi-r ence. I overheard the Governor’s or- ders to keep you under close surveil- lance, and Cassion will jump at the chance of finding you guilty of crime. Now my broken pledge gives him am- L pie excuse! 'I' "But it was not broken except through necessity,” he urged. "He surely cannot blame you because I ' saved your life.” “I doubt if that has the slightest Weight. All he will care about is our. being here alone together. That fact 'will obscure all else in his min “He believes then that you feel in-~ * terest in me 2" “I have never denied it; the fact which rankles, however, is his knowl- f ‘edge that I feel no interestwhatever in him. But we waste time, Monsieur, ‘- in fruitless discussion. Our only course is a discovery of Hugo Chevet's real murderer. to warrant suspicion?” De Artigny did not answer at once. ' his eyes looking out on the white crest~ "N0, gravely. Madame," he said at length “The last time Chevet was seen alive, so far as I now know, was when he left the boats in company with Monsieur Cassion to return to the Mission House." “At dusk?” “It was already quite dark.” “They did not arrive together, and Cassion reported that Chevet had re- mained at the beach in charge of the canoes." “You saw Cassion when he arrived?" “Yes, and before; I was at the win- dow, and watched him approach across the open space. He was alone, and appeared at ease." “What did he do, and say, after he entered the house?” “Absolutely nothing to attract no- tice; he seemed very weary, and, as ' soon as he had eaten, lay down on the '15th and fell asleep. " “ '"A’i‘e you sure he slept?" “I felt no doubt; there was nothing Know you anything 1 ‘ An Praise the Essex—$1,395 A New Car-That Men Have Long Wanted Note What allrare saying about the Essex. In hundreds of cities it has awakened a greater that anyone has seen in years. __.. _. .- w:-<—vr‘”O-I "Wm—n. as many have been to see it. The qualities in the Essex which Nam (Nan--. .._.. an”.-. ---.... .... . ... one They are comfort, riding ease, endurance, and elegance at a moderate cost for purchase and operation. Every Essex Sales Room, Now Holds Motordom’s Interest hay: been exclusive to costly cars. They are enthusiastic over its riding qualities as shown over rough roads and worn-out pavements. The Essex does not pitch its pas- sengers about. It remains rigid and «film and free from ,. rattles andsqmaksnomatter, howroughtheService. There {‘3 no need to drivcmilesout 'ESSEx "gig RE I mteitslinesandtalkoffentmthnt % MDT 0R5 Thousands Ride 111 ll -Will You? - Close to a hundred thousand have ridden in the Essex. Ten times ‘ ofthewayhoavoidaroughstrctchoi‘ appeal most are those very qualities mad. It goes over the worst roads E gt are mos; attractive in the light, . like a big, costly car. ‘ th , spent an 051: Of thclargc, COSfly The Ewen is demonstrated on the same steep hills that are used to prove climbing ability by high-powered and 9‘; costly cars. Speed is shown over the ,. ’ some coumc that fast cars are demon- strated. Its acceleration 13 compared to the few cars noted for such per- ! People instantly admire Essex foam, . ‘ beauty. They speak of the detail and E care with which it is finished. They Buyers Being Placed I On Waiting List ' Dealers have already booked orders for more cars than they are scheduled to receive before midsmnmer. It is doubtful ifanyonc will be able to get an Essex as promptly as he may want it. But by ordering now the delay won’t be quite so long. motor our interest / . .1 , \ ‘ a — V ‘ " ..;’:':.!2‘="=="===’:‘2; I \czgzsag: The World looks to us up for its supply of Muskrat. We have a tremendous emand now, prices run- - as $2.50 each for cxtrnfino l skins. no you have—take ad. fiixiflti' f mm M“: market rod”! pail, imm i- j ‘ bother extra craze mammwpflfil’wmm '3; money from FUNSTEN We are also paying extremely high prices for Skunk, Mink, Fox, ‘ Civet Cat, Wolf. Marten,“ Otter, Ermine, and “Lynx. Don't Wait until season (INST mm BROS. scam jug...” namelesstomuofi New NATCO DRAIN TILE Farm drainage demand- nut-blank. Our drain tile are mdeof the hly hull m— . You don‘t rite for prices. best Ohio clay. (bonus have lio—dlg’ em up to be replaced every [aware .Soldl nearloud lots. We are also manufacturer: of the turnout is). done but as soon _ BEE SUPPLIES -_-B_oo Hives. Sections. 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The CAL eighteen rooms. also churches, stores, factories, and other buildings. or lignite, and, because of s ecial ORlC heats all types of homes 11 to It burns coal, coke, wood, gas atented features, saves from 1A to V2 your Ehe CALORlC 1s sold under the Monitor Iron-clad Guarantee, which insures the purchaser thorough and economical heat. See the nearest CALORIC dealer or send for our new catalog. ou write us, we will send you the names of some ICKL ORIC users in your locality so that you may investigate the claims we make. THE MONITOR STOVE COMPANY Established rho—A Century of Senses—"Pioneers a! Pinks: Heating" 2430 Woodrow St., Cincinnati, Ohio l t d f B ll 11 In. Green Bl . 111111191131}; “Emil" m elinmfiinnlLLfoma Nob mmfw Mich . 011.31th Sea oWuh urora ii 0 .Columbun' Ohio. Loni-will. n. ., flow" 115’ ’3§°iioo“°"lu°n Pililndel- - after just committing such a crime. »®.1csssw~~ssms; . .ldeyon: as possible I left the room. You surely do not suspect him?” “He was the last to be seen with Chevet; they left the beach together, yet the murdered man failed to appear at the Mission House, and Cassion falsely reported him left in charge at the beach.” “But no one could act so indifferent, When you looked in through the win- dow what did you see. 7” “Only the priests about the table talking, and Cassion seemingly sound asleep. Could there be-any reason Why he should desire the death of Chevet ?” f‘I know of none. My unclefelt bit- ter over the concealment of my for- tune, and no doubt the two had ex- changed words, but there was no open quarrel. Chevet was rough and head- strong, yet he was not killed in fight, for the knife thrust was from behind.” “Ay, a coWard’s blow. Chevet pos- sessed no papers of value.” I shook my head. “If so, no mention was ever made to me. But, Monsieur, you are still wet, and must be cold in this wind. Why do you not build the fire, and dry your clothing?” ’ “The wind does have an icy feel,” he admitted, “but this is a poor spot. Up yonder in the wood shadow there is more warmth, and besides it affords a better outlook for the canoes. Have you strength now to climb the bluff?” “The path did not appear difficult, and it is dreary enough here. I- will try it.” I did not even require his aid and was at the top nearly as soon as he. It was a. pleasant spot, a heavy forest growing almost to the edge, but with green carpet of grass on which one could rest, and gaze off across the wide waste of waters. Yet there was little to attract the eyes except the ceaseless roll of the waves, and the curve of the coast line, against which the breakers still thundered, casting high in the air their white Spray. It was a wild, deso- CRYSTAL WHITE GLOBE "I'd!!- crop. tlLi. 112605; foo-In and our 81601919 GALL A ND A8 I! 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They must have been “driven below the distant point, and possibly so injured as to-make re- pairs necessary. When I finally turned away I found that De Artigny had al- ready lighted a fire with flint and steel in a. little hollow within the forest. He called to me to join him. “There is nothing to see,” he said, "and the warmth is welcome. You had no glimpse of the boats?” “No,” I admitted. “Do you really ’ believe they survived?” ' ' “There was no reason why they should not, if properly handled. I have They are doubtless safely ashore be- yond the point yonder.” “And will return seeking us?” “Seeking you, at least. Cassion will learn what occurred, and certainly will never depart without seeking to dis- cover if you are alive. The thought that you may be with me will only serve to spur him to quicker action. ' My fear is he may be delayed by some accident, and we might suffer from a lack of food. ” “I had not thought how helpless we were.” “Oh, we are not desperate,”a and he laughed, getting up from his knees “You forget I am bred to this life, and have been alone in the wilderness without arms before. The woods are (full of‘game, and. it is not difficult to ‘ construct traps, and the.,waters are ' filled “with fish some means of catching. You _are no ' afraid to be left alohe'l‘?’ - ' L‘ f‘No,” in surprise or centrolled canoes in far worse storms. which ' I will devise. I would have met the others, and. thus I escape the peril of being alone with "‘Wheize are yO‘uI him again. . ' . . L Even as I " L - . _ x .1' v, 1 . ,0], . ._ 11.: _g e -“-Totlearn more, of our surroundings; and arrange some traps for wild game. I Lwill not be away'long, but someone should remain here to signal any. canop- returning in search. I watched him disappear among the trees, without regret, or slightest sense of fear at thus being left alone. The fire burned brightly, and I rested where ‘the grateful warmth put new life into my body. The silence was profound, depressing, and a sense of intense lone- liness stole over me. I felt a desire to get away from the gloom of the woods and climbed the bank to where I could: look out once more across the waters.. CHAPTER XX. | Choose My Duty. HE view outspread before more- vealed nothing new: thesame dread waste of water extended to the horizon, while down the shore no movement was visible. _As I rested Ithere, oppressed by the loneliness, I felt little hope that the others of our party had escaped with’out disaster. DeArtigny’s words of cheer had been Spoken merely to encourage me, to make me less despondent. Deep down in his heart the man dou‘btesthe possibility of those frail canoes with standing the violence of the storm. ‘It was this thought which had made him so anxious to secure food, for, if. the others survived and would return seek- ing us, as he asserted, surely they would appear before nightfall, and them would be no necessity for our snaiing wild game in order to pre- serve life. De Altigny did not believe his own words; I even suspicioned that he had gone now alone to explore the shore- line; seeking to discover the truth, and the real fate of our companions. At first this conception of our situa- tion startled me, and yet, sti ange as it may seem, my realization brought no deep regret. I was conscious of a feel- ing of freedom, of liberty, such as had not been mine since we departed from Quebec. I was no longer Watched, spied upon, my every movement order- ed, my speech criticized. More, I was delivered from the hated presence of Cassion, ever reminding me that I was his wife, and continually threatening to exercise his authority. Ay, and I was With De Artigny, alone with him, and the joy of this was so deep that I came to a sudden realization of the truth—I loved him. In a way I must have knewn this before, yet, not until that moment, did the fact dawn Upon me in full acknowl- edgement. I sank my head on my hands, my breath quickened by sur- prise, by shame, and felt my cheeks burn. I loved him, and believed he loved me. I knew then that all the happiness of life centered in this _6ne fact; while between us arose the shad- ow of Cassion, my husband. True I loved him not; true I was to him wife only in name; true our marriage was a thing of shame, yet no less a fact, no less a barrier. I was a La Chesnayne to whom honor was a religion; at Cath- olic bowing humbly to the vow of Holy Church; a Frenchwoman taught that marriage was a sacred rite. . The knowledge of my love for‘De Artigny brought me more fear than pleasure. I dare not dream, nor hope; must escape his presence while I re- tained moral strength to resist~ tempta- tion. I got to my feet, not knowing what I could do, yet with a wild con- ception of returning to the beach, and seeking to find a passage to the south- ward. I would go now along the shore, before De Artigny came -back, .and meet those returning canoes. In such action lay my only safety—me would find me gone, would trace me along the sand, yet before I Could be caught, ' summing " arose .1; in ‘33,}! throat and choked. me, tor my eye: view just out; _ ide the curve of the shore-line, a can 6e emerge from the shadows of the ' . bluff. I cannot picture the reaction, , the sudden shrinking .tear which, in that instant, mastered me. , They were . _ ”m ‘° OUT THE PIPELESS FURNACE me back into slavery : coming to de- , nounce De Artigny of crime, and de mand his life. 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None that will give you so much home ,Loui‘s, and friends before Cassion . , _ basics-Insulated Pipeless comfort at such small fuel cost. could bring him to trial. it was in my ‘ ' A oi the I F‘umacemvidelyknownasmrhe ’ power to permit his escape from diesel 8 UNI RSAL PerfectPipeless Furnace.” debates the Secret covery, mine-alone. ' If I did otherwise - 1; “a , ' -' ' Air circulation is the heart of the pipeless furnace. - - ' W. 1 Everyone, Should Km And air circulation is guaranteed by our asbestos in- , I' should be his murderer. u inst: anon. ,, , 4 I sank down out of sigheget my de- z-o'wfi'e‘filf. - We tell you secrets of pipe- sulation between wann air and cool air passages. ciSion was made in an instant. It did 3.9”“:dbytm_ ‘ less fumes construction that The instant a fire is li ht ed . th UNIVERSAL not seem to me then as though any _ mac-teamed. - everyone should know before Pipeless Furnace warmgair blenginse to circulate a” . 9 buying a pmcless furnace. over your house, and cool air is drawn For more than half a cent- from cold floors and corners into the fur- ury’UNIVERSALstoves have nace where it is heated and sent back to been leaders all over America. your, rooms. :other course could be taken. That Del Artigny was innocent I had no doubt. ‘ 'l loved him, this I no longer denied to myself; and I could not possibly be- tray the man tothe mad vengeance of Ca‘ssion. I peered forth, across the ridge of earth concealing me from ob— servation, at the distant canoe: It was too far away for me to be certainot its occupants, yet I assured myself that " Indians were at the paddles, while 'three others, whose dress designated them as whites, occupied places in the boat. The craft kept close to thel shore, evidently searching for any sign of the lost canoe, and the man in the Stern s'toodflup, pointing, and evidently giving orders.' There was that about the fellow's movementsto convince me he must be Cassion, and the very sight of him strengthened my resolve. (Continued next week). , l} ‘ ’ . "— 4 “By the Way” , ABOUT TIME. “It says here that a Lansing man ‘ boasts that he has had an umbrella l SEND coupons , f3? tfirs‘ FREELBOOK l * .'.--.’.:'.-.- :‘:‘-‘v‘.€¥-',r.‘v . - . beam Widely Used . Asbestos is used on boilers, steam pipes, hot water tanks, ‘ - flat irons—to keep heat in. And on cold storage houses, freight cars, refiigerators—to keep beat out. Nthdsted Heat-The booklet tells you how we save every dollar of heat in your fuel. And put it where you get the benefit of it. 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Farmer Hornbeak grimly. ”M — — —.— — .- — — —— —— 4233;333:28233333 he S AFEGU ARD YOURSELF BY KEEPING RECORDS proposed?” "Not exactly, but she put him in ’It you don't. the tax man will figure your income tax in his own way. But don t keep incomplete records of your income and expenditures. It gets you Class 5, only to be used as a last resort.” : in bad with the Income Tax Collector, and may cost you money in increas- ‘ed taxes. Well-kept records will not be disputed. It is easy to keep accu- 1} lMPOSSlBLE. . Husband.——“I don’t belieVe in parad- . ‘ : ing my virtues." ’ ’ ’ rate records b u ’ , Wife—“You couldn’t, anyway. It ' y Sing ‘ 3 222% quite a number to make a par- \3 ~* FREE The Michigan Farmer Account Book This book requires no special book-keeping knowledge. but provides tor . UNFMR- . i ‘ ‘ a "complete record of all transactions, such as receipts and expenditures. in- ' .‘ i terest, breeding, and planting dates, complete farm inventory, and all other The employer of a Polish servant daily information; complete summary of Income Tax Law; and other essen- T' maid who had learned to speak Eng. i ' I I ” ' i tial information. ~ “Sh was telling 0f the girl’s experi- ' I" on" ERY HORSES A few minutes a day will provide a record that will be acceptable to the 'l l ‘ ences with the telephone. After its Maggfggttwglmfgfié E‘y’etmg’ii Tax Collector, and valuable| too, because of the interesting information it .7 on: rennin. acumen. Nursenm. Elsie. ich; 4 _ use was explained to her she was eager $31.23;}?! famfiundsyfien (at hoggs 1:322:21: gives YOIL ~ ~ . . n V C . . ' 9 a {l , 22:28:13; eilrlery call. One day a ring 9:11,“, $ng gmfi;fimwsfifi ! It provules for a years complete record, and is the most simple [arm vs a jumped to the mstru: V 3m" 6 You “1:31:31“ M 8 ‘ . ””52. account book; devised. It is better than other systems costing from $3.00 to ; inept. , _ _ . .- «u malaise earn latices breaking colts magnum-z i {$5.00. It is endorsed by bankers and tax collectors. ’ ' ' "" ’H‘ello! ’ came from the receiver. u - ' museum: . mom . .. .~ - i V ‘ "Hello!" answered the girl, flushed "t3- woa. ammo mm. Michigan Farmer Account Book ' ’ ‘ with pride at being able to give the M.MM£MLMIM Michigan Farmer (New or Renewal) 1 Year Only “’25 ' ‘r , r answer. ‘ ‘ 3 glfpe'Who' is this 9" continued th - 7 You need this book. Send for it now. It you are now a subscriber .. i ;l “I don"t'kh. qun T 1cm 8. ”1‘58. MW“. ‘fi‘ssmum.vnflbt ‘.%).: your subscription '11! be enended' ‘ I v‘ , u. .. ’ . 0W." e med thehmaldu ‘W.’ 1.. Eel- . unsold»: mail - ~ ’ - ' » ‘ ’ I: .1. Ieantsqe you. ». - . . 1 ~ “min“- Haw Shrub“. i?” THE MICHIGAN FARMER Detroit,.;Mlcli.‘ I 4 ‘ Home from the Canadmn P ac1f1c HE Canadian Pacific Rail- way offers you the most wonderful opportu ity in the world to Own a farm in West- ern Canada. It will sell you land for $1 1 to $30 an acre or$50 an acre under irrigation. 20 Years to Pay You pay down 10% of the purchase price and have twenty years to pay in fall at 6% interest. $2,000 Loan to Farmers The Canadian Pacific Railway will loan to approved settlers on its irrigated lands up to $2,000 in improvements with twenty years to pay back the loan at 6% interest. 0 0 Land Under lrr1gat1on In SOuthern Alberta, we have developed the largest irrigation undertaking on the Continent. This district consists of some of the best land in Western Canada. An unfailing water supply is ad- ministered under direction of the Canadian Government—no con- flictof law or authority overits use. This land is ofl'ered on same easy- payment terms as other lands. . Prices ranging up to $50 an acre. This is Your Opportunity To makeinvestigation easy,spec— ' ial railway rates have been ar— ranged. Write for particulars and free illustrated- booklets. M. E. THORNTON Supt. of Colonization Canadian‘Pacific Railway ,. ‘ 916 First St, E., Calgary, Alberta Ill-11191111111111111111 [1111411111niuiuimin11mmfilli-iifiiliilliii‘lixTnuunnmn 1,1131 {mun.1191111111ul‘umuvxlnnini _— ‘Imum1|u111mI1mInIlllulliinlfiiifilin11II1n1IIuIII1Iu1nnnnuulummm1.:uuuuuumifii1IIlmulmnim‘um]1111mm[Iii11hIIIIifihIm-ffimnmmmmlm1111inunnuuuummn1[mu uni:11}fimuifiiuuumiu1111 -- '4- ~.- 3.3%? . .- 11° sled ‘ A convenient, safe antiseptic hm ”'08. 3095111111738 lIIIusttutld book!“ free on. request“ manpower! MFG. CO. (CONSOLIDATED 2'7 feat? 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For the convenience of the reader Some of the common garden plants are given below, with descriptions of the insects liable to devour them, together with means of controlling them. Asparagus. Common Asparagus Beetle—Small orange and black beetle feeding on the young tips; later on stems. Young grubs are. dark grey and also feed on stems. young shoots in spring. Hand-picking can be resorted to in small beds. Spotted Asparagus Beetle—Orange with black spots. Habits much the same as the above, and control meas- ‘ ures suitable for both. ' Beans. Bean Weev1l ~Small grey robust beetle, one- -eighth of an inch long, that eats into seed beans. 'Control: Plant clean seed. After harvesting in fall place beans in a shallow open dish and , heat for a few hours at about 120 de-: 'grees F. This will not injure the seed and will kill both the insects and their eggs. Larger quantities of beans can be treated with carbon bisulphide. Bean Maggot—This is the immature form of a small fly. Not bad in small gardens. ‘Control: Use plenty of fer- tilizer and don’t plant beans too deep. Cutwormsé-There are many varie- ties of these caterpillars or “worms” that prowl around at night and cut off the plant at the surface of the‘ ground. Control: Cans or jars set over the young plants at night help in a small garden but are not practical in a larg- er one. The use of poison bran-mash applied near the infested area will at- tract and kill many of them. They are usually found hiding, by day, near the plant they have cut off the‘night be- fore. Beets. Blister Beetles—Long slended, black beetles that eat leaves. Can be con- trolled by hand-picking in cans of ker- osene. Poison will hurt the tops for use as greens. Leaf-beetles—Small beetles and their grubs are often found feeding up- on the leaves. Control: Where numer- with arsenate of lead, or arsenate of calcium. Leaf-caterpillar.—-Many of these eat the leaves in much the same manner as the leaf-beetles and they are con- trolled by the same methods. Tarnished Plant-bug.—-—This is an ac- tive little creature that sucks its food and works on many of the garden plants. It is so active that spraying is of little benefit but the cleaning up 'or rubbish seems to be the best manner of control. Cabbage. From the time it is set out in- the WFREE gis'np? .15 {a ' hook 1 spring until it is harvested in the fall the cabbage plant is attacked by ' many different insects among which ‘- are the following; ~ >l .1. Control: Prompt cutting of the 4 ous the tops will have to be sprayed . Cutworm.—See discussion and con- trol under beans. Root-maggot.—This is one of the first insects to attack the cabbage plant. The adult fly lays its eggs on stem near the surface of the ground and the hatching maggot tunnels into the stem,‘ causing the plant to turn a sickly color which soon Wilts and dies. Egg-laying is usually during the latter part of.April or earlynin May. Control: When plants. are set out disks of tar felt paper should be put around them. They should be so placed that the plant will be in the middle of the disk while the latter is flush with the ground. Cabbage Worms—A velvety green caterpillar with a white line running the length of its back. The immature stage of the white butterfly seen early ’Watchfand Write N order to encourage .the boys and girls of Michigan to make a careful study of the insects that damage the farm, fruit and vegetable crops, we present this article. We want you to read it carefully and save it for future reference. At the end of the season write us a short story telling how many kinds of these insects you have found, at: what date you discovered them, and how you had the most success in preventing them from inj'ur- . ing the crops. Liberal cash prizes will. be given for;the ten ' best reports we receive from the boys and girls of Michigan. - THE EDITORS. in the spring. These worms eat the leaves and holes into the forming heads.‘ They are present about all summer unless kept under control. Control: Spray with arsenate of lead when the plants are young but be sure to add quite a little soap to the spray, otherwise it will not stick to‘ the smooth cabbage leaves. If one is afraid of using such a poison on cabbages they can use an ounce of pyrethrum in two gallons of water. This will make a spray that will kill theinsects and it is not injurious t6 man. Care should be taken to use strictly fresh pyre- thrum. Cabbage looper —This is a mottled cabbage worm that crawls by looping the center of its body, a measm‘ingé‘ worm. Control measures are'the same as for the cabbage worm. Cabbage Aphis. —-These are greyish- green insects that procure their food by sucking the juices from the inside of the leaves They reproduce very rapidly and should be controlled early before they get too numerous and be. fore the leaves become too badly curl- ed. Control: A spray cf nicotine sul- ,phate With a little soap added will kill ‘ every insect that is hit. Cleaning up and destroying the old cabbage stumps after the harvest is gathered in the tally ‘will remove a. favorite hibernating place for this pest. ' . F 1ght1ng Enem1es of Farm Crops Boys and Gzr/J Can Render Valuaé/e Assistance 272 Helping to Control Insects that Prey Upon Garden 62720] er/a’ [Vania-"D072 Wee/472 Carrot. Carrot (or Celery) Caterpillar.———Th.is is a bright yellow caterpillar with many black bands across it. It feeds upon the foliage. Control. It is so eas- ily seen that hand- picking is the best way of despatching them. Cauliflower. The same insects that attack cab- bage may be found here. Corn. Cutworms.——Look under beans for; description and control. Corn Ear-worm.—These large cater-] pillars are worst on sweet corn where they get into the ears and eat the ker- nels. The adult moth lays her eggs upon the silk. Control: Dust the young silks with a mixture composed of arse- nate of lead and sulphur, equal parts.l Stalk Borer. —These insects werk on the inside- of the cornstalk and so poisv1 , oning them is useless. Control: Crop rotation and clean culture is the best . methods of keeping this pest underA control. Corn Root-aphis.~——These tiny plant lice congregate on the roots of corn and suck out the juice, causing plant to become greatly stunted. Ants car- ry them to the corn in the spring and down into the ground in the fall. Con- trol: If the nests of these'corn field ants are broken up and the weeds in and near the field are kept down, this pest can be kept from doing as much damage as it has done in past years. Wireworms.——This is a yellowish col-l ored worm with a hard skin and works beneath the surface of the ground. It is worst in low, poorly drained soil or in ground where grass is abundant. Control: Rotation of crops and proper drainage where necessary will, as a ' rule,‘ keep them down. Cucumbers. Striped Cucumber Beetle—Small beetle with yellow and black stripes running back from the head. The beetles eat holes in the leaves and the immature form, which is worm-like, works in the stem or underground root, causing the plant to have an unhealthy appearance. Control: Wire or cloth protectors help to keep the beetles off. A dust composed of one part of hydrat— ed lime and four parts of sulphur has ' proved efficient against these pests. ,- Bordeaux mixture and arsenate of lead ' has also been recommended. Melon Aphis. —-—This is a dark green' plant louse usually found on the under-w sides of the leaves. It also is found at- tacking melons, squash and pumpkins. Control: The use of nicotine sulphate in water with the addition of soap will kill every insect that it hits. Squash Vine- borer. —This caterpillar tunnels in the stems of squash and pumpkins as well as that of cucumber. The infested vines wilt.. Control: The early destruction of the vines as soon as the crop is harvested will greatly " lessen, the chances for injury from this insect another. year. As the worm pass- » es the winter in the ground near the plant,_ fall plowing of the ground or‘a. '- rotation of crops Would help to lessen the damage. ‘ : Melons. ‘ - , Melons are attacked by the same in- -~ sects that injure cucun’fla‘er‘s. -' Onions. « i hatchiromtinr sesame ‘ of the , and burl-ow into the tissue causing-ittowilt suddenly. Central-“w ._ . . . p , . _ . and-clothing; 2 Get’a-'Raynster,. Then you are {sureof- a coat Conmumthm ' maggots - utter . they arejmthsmnions is a hard. mates-the.- best when prevent them from en-- tering thekplant. :l‘his is accomplish- ed by. means of a poisoned syrup. The adult flies are veryfond of sweet may teriai so some molasses into which a. little arsenite of soda has been added, is placed in'pans and these placed on. the ground where the onions have been set out. The flies eat the sweet mate: rial. and are, killed. Screens large enough to’admit the small flies, and yet large enough to exclude the honey bees should be placed over the pans of poison. Carbolic acid emulsion has prayed to be of benefit as a repellent." Onion Thrips.-—This is about the smallest ofthe garden crop insects and _ when large numbers get together they can do a lotof damage. They feed by scraping small particles of the plant tissue but as far as their control is con- cerned they can be classed with suck- ing insects. They are worst during dry seasons. Control: They are usually not very bad but when numerous a spray of nicotine soap will probably end their labors. _ Peas. Pea Weevil—This weevil is similar to the bean-weevil only it is somewhat larger than the latter. It develops in the green peas from eggs laid in pods. Control: Control measures given for the bean-weevil will apply here. Pea Aphis.—This small green plant louse feeds on many weeds as well as the ‘pea. It attacks the stems. Con‘ trol: If peas are planted in rows wide enough apart, they can. be sprayed with nicotine sulphate and soap. And the younger the plants the easier it is to kill the aphis'fcr they must be hit with the spray in order to kill them. Potatoes. Potato Beetle—This small oval bud- colored black striped beetle is prob- ably found in every garden in (the state where potatoes are grown. The grubs are fat reddish insects with black markings along their sides. All feed upon the leaves to satisfy their enor- mous appetites. Control: Spray with some good arsenical. This can be ad- ded to the Bordeaux mixture it; nec- essary. Potato Aphis.——-For a few years the pink and green potato aphis has been quite numerous in the state. They suck out the plant juices and give the plant a wilted or blighted appearance. Control: A nicotine spray, one pint in -a hundred‘gallons of water to which about four pounds of soap has been ad- ded, willkill them if properly applied. It must hit the insects on the under sides of the leaves. Flea-beetles.——When the plants are young these insects eat small round holes in the leaves, sometimes riddling them. The tiny beetle is black in color and about one-tenth of an inch long. Controlngotato plants that are regu- larly sprayed with Bordeaux mixture to which two or three pounds of arse- nate of lead paste, or half as much of the powdered form, will not be troubled with this insect. Stalk Borer.——This striped worm of- ten bores in the stem of the potato or tomato, causing it to wilt. The wilted stems and leaves'are the first indica— tion of this insect’s presence. Control: If the wilted stems are cut off and the - insect inside crushed it can readily be kept under control. Wireworms.——Look under the head of corn for description and control. ' Pumpkins. ' The same insects that infest the cu- cumbers and the squash may be found on the pumpkin vines. . Radishes. Maggots.——Sinall dirty white mag- gots burrowing into the meteor the m radish make them unsalable and meat- able. - Like thhmiot «onion these ipsects hatch from eggs laid by a small 1?; 1. ‘-- bulb. - hfifitcnve’eedss'we? .7 . ' ' ‘ well adj-in: theeity, it is nebessary pretection for health that will give fullservice andis,Worth..eVery;Cent-you payrolls . There are heavy " rubber- surfaced Raynsters for. outdoor .w'ork in the fields or driving, storm-defying ulsters, light slip-ens and slickers, fine cloth .Raynsters that make the best kind of overcoat: as well as being weatherproof. A There are Raynsters for women, girls and beys. Ask for your Raynster in any good clothing store. Be sure to look for the Raynster Label in the collar. Write for the Raymter Style Book Udltesztates. Rubberfimm'fiy Clothing Division New York and Boston ofzc‘oa‘t.’ ‘ On the farm;as A The Raynster Label marks the most complete line of ' weatherproof clothing. made. SPRAYING - ! SPRAYING ME 1 NS ' _ MATERIALS . You will actually be spraying in PreventIOn a few weeks now—So don't do- lay buying your insect and fun- OF gus destroyers. Cut this ”AD" out and take it to your dealer or send it to our nearest oilice. F ood Famine. stating your needs. WE MANUFACTURE~CONSEQUENTLY OUR GUARANTEE STANDS FOR SOMETHING: BordeauxMixture Vitrol Calcium Arsenato Blue Vitrol (Pam 4‘ ”we” iiié’iigé’t‘ifi‘ii’yéih l3:'?§§1°1$§lc'i§x%%l§'§3 , Egg Presenter ”3:322 3%,?“ Fish on Soap PARISGREEN _Our Veterinary 'Obstetrical Compendium. ‘ Written especially for the farmer and stockman. Every breeder of live stock. should have this com+' apletebookvon the delivery of Icolts, calves, lambs._ .. - pigs and dogs; It is profusely illustrated and gives. . ' Causes, Symptoms, Prevention and Treatment of Dis-r» . - ‘7 cases relating to obstetrics. It is devoid 'of- technical ?‘ terms, and is written so that it can be unders ' by anyone. The information this book gives .will- , save you. trouble and loss at critical times- Nearlyi ,. three hundred tood ' pages. Well-bound‘in cloth, lettered i113: ‘ Sent POStPald for‘two subcoriptions or for ‘bnc . w;u,".' '; ‘_;'\ ‘ Sunday as a Day of Rest Is it true that “there is no rest for farm women on Sunday,” as Eliza- beth Sears declares in her article “Who Feeds the Nation” in Harper’s Monthly ? Or has Miss Sears in mind conditions as they existed up to the last two or three years? It is quite certain that the men rest on Sunday—and eat—and the w0men who cook the big Sunday dinners do not get much rest until they learn how to take the "short cuts” that save unnecessary work in hot kitchens. One of the most im- portant of these “short cuts” is the > new method of dessert-making. In place of the heavy puddings and pies which have always accompanied the heavy Sunday dinners, fruity vF all the exhibits arranged by'the 0 home economics department for . Farmers’ Week at the Michigan Agricultural College, perhaps none at- tracted more attention than the two living-rooms ,designed to show goo'd' and bad in furnishings. Side by side, these two booths showed more plainly than words what good taste can ac- complish. The same amount of money was spent in fitting up each room, but one was a quiet, restful, artistic, hom- ey spot, while the other was a verita-‘ ble chamber of horrors. _ The accompanying illustrations give you some idea of bad taste versus good taste, but lack the element of color which goes so far in achieving desir- able results. Dull finish and plain neu- tral tones as against shiny varnished surfaces, gaudy paper and glaring col— ors is strongly emphasized. In room number one the woodwork is a dull waxed finish which will not desserts are served—desserts that are sparkling and beautiful and de- l licious beyond comparison. show scratches readily and can be eas- 'ily kept in condition by rubbing with These Je]1-0 desserts, which just loil. The walls are tinted a plain neu- fit the Sunday appetite are made by dissolving Jell-O in boiling water. It is done in a minute, and adds a good many minutes to woman’s ' share of Sunday res‘t. There are six flavors of Jell-O: Strawberry, Raspberry, Lemon, Orange, Cherry, Chocolate. Two for 25 cents at any grocer’s or any gen- eral store. The new Jell-O Book is the most beautiful ever issued and it contains more useful information for house- wives than any other. Send us your name and address and we will mail you one of the books, free, of course. THE GENESEE PURE FOOD COMPANY. Le Roy. N. Y.. and Bridgeburg, Out. After a... 30 Days Free Trial Belgian . "i Melotte ‘ International Pnze W inner of Europe. 30 days’ free trial—then if satisfied, only $5.00 and as aw easy payments —_A D —- the wonderful _B e l g i a n Mclotte Separator is yours. No Money Down! ‘ . Catalog tells all—write. ‘ I U. S. Bul- Cautw”: letin 201 .../I shows that Vibration of the bowl causes cream waste! The Melons bowl is self- balanamg. It cannot vibrate. Can’t cause currents In cream. .Can’t remix cream with milk. The .Melofte _has won 26$ International Prizes! Books FREE! . . . "Profitable Dairying ” a tactical. commonsense ext k that. every don-smut: should n I his library by 6.8. Ben- kendo an K. L. Hate odeis- Runs so easily. bowl ms 25 um- ' Helen's catalog and dehils of our mm mm. ,sca "tiff": “I. Melons Superstar. H. B. Baboon. (LS. Mir. M48131}, 2343 VI. 19th Street. Chleago. Ill. Good Clubbing Offer No. 10. 'Miehi an Farmer, 1 yr., wk. . . . . .$1.00 “Xeuth s Companion, wk. . . . . . . . . . 2.00 'M‘ocall’s "Magazine, mo. . . . . . . . . . 100 ~ jl‘c‘oul‘try Success, mo. . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 ‘8 ' "".‘Regular price ,. .. ...$4 Oil! mum“ M ' [tral watercolor, and the rug is a plain brown" \Vilton. In the other room, which truth to tell, is all too common, the woodwork is 'varnished, the walls papered with cheap, gaudy, flowered paper, and the rug is a green and red :floral design. cost the same as the Wilton in the other room, $50. Lighting is next in importance to wall and floor tones if good results are to be obtained. In the first room indi- rect lighting is chosen, and the soft diffused light gives a restful effect. A plain reading lamp with simple lines and a shade the color of which blends with the color scheme of the room, fur- nishes a light for sewing and reading. In the second room a hideous elec- trolier with high—colored shades throws a glaring light over everything. The effect is hard, both on eyes and nerves. In selecting furniture extremely bad taste is displayed in room number two. No. 2.——Crude Colors and Clumsy. Fur The pieces are all too large for the room and are clumsy and aivkward in design. The cOuch and one or two chairs are covered with imitation leath— er which is hard, slippery, uncomfort‘ able and will not wear well. The table is an ugly, golden oak and in an ugly to everyone. The scarf, which cost‘ colors. A much more artistic enev'in: neutral tones oo'uld hays béehppu‘zzgpast It, too, is a Wilton, and - design, easily marred‘and an eyesore. .. p _ ‘ 'theiwindows is a'yital factor in theme- 1"99ms- , Roam" number bne‘ishews ”the" $9.00,.is embroidered in flashy jarring. ‘ . . ‘ ‘ . .. ' 7 ,. , ‘ 7, lighting a11.',c§fiiii1;g. Lfromysevei‘sli small -, Harmony'vs. Disc-0rd in ‘FUrn-is'hings ed for less than\h-alf the price of this one.’ Instead of holding books and a reading lamp the table is crowded with cheap bric-a-‘brac, which needs daily dusting, and a photograph which would be/better put away out-of the dust or in a bed-rdOm. The- cushions on the couch are too fine for daily use and ‘show soil easily. ' The first room-{has a comfortable, room there are‘two high,'narrow win- dows which give aipoor'light‘. Plain, white marquise‘ttecurtains‘ with sun- fast drapes cover one set of windows,” while the others have cheap lace cur- tains in an ugly design with heavy madras drapes, which will not wash, and fade in the sun. _ The rooms are well worth studying. Simplicity of design, quiet colors, and ,. tapestry upholstered couch with wash- able covers on the cushions. The couch cost only $10"m0re than the other one. Easy chairs, a. couple of comfortable wicker rockers, a dull mahogany table of good design, a sewing table and a desk complete the furniture. Perhaps the most marked difference in the two rooms is the entire absence of reading matter from the second room. There is not a book, magazine, bookcase nor desk. The first room has built—in cases at either end of the fireplace, filled with books. The pictures in this room are few and well chosen, and 'dust catching bric-a-brac, with which the hiture Make this Room 'a Night‘ma're. ‘other 'vroom ris crowded, :is absent: There are'one or two vases and bits o‘fq’iottery, suitable for holding flowers and a. growing plant, Note the ab- sence «family portraits, which give the other room the air fof a rogues’ gallery. , ' . ' , ,. vThe arrangement‘andv- treatment of .yv’isdpw‘a‘ iii-rawéwmie, lathe .3. No. 1.——Simp|ic_ity and Quiet Colors Make for Charm. comfortable furniture, with good light- ing are‘the things to be aimed at when you furnish your home. Michigan Women and the Ballot By Jamie Bug/z T was a‘man who asked the ques- 1 tion, “What will Michigan women do with the'ballot '2” But no mere man ventures a specific reply. The past contains abundant evi~ dence of what some men- feared women would do with their votes; else why the persistentopposition to woman suf- frage on the part of the wets and ex- ploiting interests? Michigan women might have voted seven years ago but for the after—election defeat by such fearsome forces. And the New Hamp- shire State senate has only ”recently executed perhaps the most‘barefaced backdown on the suffrage question ev- er exhibited, due it seems, to unscrupu- lous intervention of men outside that state who are determined, by‘ foul means if not by fair, to delay as long as possible, submission of the Susan B. Anthony federal amendment. But in Michigan we are happily past that stage of suffrage evolution.» Our men have splendidly endorsed it for us; and, moreover, they have urged the obdurate United States Senate to submit the question to all the states. What will we‘":do with ,the voting , Bowen? ' Without the giftrof prophecy,” let me hazard a 'few' predictions. , \ may expect that’w'e .will do with the ballot very: much as; other women have. done when * they Were ' entranohised. A g, than an: First, we . ; __ ‘wwe . . ' izations, in. all of which women take future. _ . , to (iron dOWIl andgo to sleep; hilt 1t producers';organizations. All these are . , . l ‘k. ‘fi..'~"'t.. ~ I We may expects. very large numoer the common peopleare taxed for” waste V of Michigan women; to prove thi‘ll“ paper baskets 'at the statecapitol. at selves intelligent voters. 'Besides- our.» $19 per, while the same “common: ped- .: . schools colleges-“and university, where pie are allowed to be exploited in ., girls have gone in even-increasing pro northern Michigan at illegally high in- portion With boys, Michigan-is rich in. terest rates. These are a few of the its number and. grade of women’s clubs questionthat women from every rank andMichisan 'outl'anks all other states of life are bound to concern themselves ' in the' number Of her local farm organ- with in Michigan in the very near active part. A man of weight in state. Farm Womgn-anduthepanoe, . affairs. soon after election, remarked Farm women'have some big political»; in my presence. “Where can you offset jobs ahead of. them. But in the past these women, W110 attend women’s two years Michigan farm women have study clubs once or twice every month demonstrated that they can handle big with any similar groups of men ? I tell jobs. . Women who pitched hay, drove you, it. can’t be done, and these women binders, pulled beans, picked fruit and are going to be intelligent voters from peddled milk as a 'patriotic “bit" in the start.” war times, aren’t going to hesitate in , We may certainly expect our women any delicate fashion over their “hit" in to coat the business of politics in a peace times. If they act as patriotical- woman's wav.‘ taking special interest ly in rebuilding as they did in “saving in details that make for health, recre- the world,” we need not be concerned ation and practical efficiency in state over the result. If, while they knitted itlld community affairs. On this point and canned and sewed and served and , the o‘bservatitms of a busy young moth- Saved, they refrained from rebuking er, who-voted for the first time in New their exploitation by the profiteers, York state last fall, will apply. Im- they now no longer feel under bonds to mediately after election, she WI‘OtGZ keep silent. They. have taken his meas- "You will be interested to know that ure and are preparing for his elimina- for one day I filled the place of a man tion. and drew pay equal to the man I work- It is easy to predict that at the com- ed beside. Yes, from 5:30 in the morn- ing spring election farm women will ing until 11:00 at night I sat on the almost to-the last woman, vote against election boards rBetween you and me, the 33,1001} amendment—kilowatts the , when women'e’n’ou‘gll gellgl‘d handlin ""lightj wine. and beer amendment.” , suchythlngs 1‘feel.sure'the thing Will They will very generally vote for L. be systomatized' so that it .won‘t take Whitney Watkins and Mrs. Dora H. until the wee ”small hours to 'get Stockmanfor membersof the board of, . things straightened‘up. I was tho'r-. agriculture. And- they. will vote to oushlyexhausted for the. next two build state warehouses. and. storage . days. Every corner was a temptation facilities for the use of producers and was worth it from the .point of expe- in direct line with their farm interests.‘ rience." . Not Party Partlsans. Does the above not indicate that a This much seems safe, also, to pre— woman will go about her new duties in dict—our women are not going to care her own way? overmuch about parties. Partisan poli- It is to be presumed that, in the main tics, thus far, do not seem to attract women will give particular heed to our women. They are meeting in economy of public funds, since spend- groups and clubs to study .methods of ing economically is a fine art with the getting at measures and efficiency—— average home-keeping woman. Per- cutting straight to the things that seem sonally, I cannot conceive of Michigan to them most vital to the well—being of women—“mothers of men”-- tolerating the state and their own communities. luxurious furnishing of state offices Very many of us seem to be of the and the erection of ornate public build— mind of one of us who Said, “Why, we ings while appropriations for the don’t want a democrat or a republican state’s orphans, poor. insane and unfor- for governor! We want a man for gov- tunates are pared to the barest neces- ernor!” ' sities. Neither can I believe but that women will demand a more business- ed or appointed because of fitness for like use and accounting of. state funds their jobs—4these make the target at and time; and a less lavish use of trav- which the ballots of Michigan women cling funds and other needless expen will be aimed. To serve all the people, ditures on therpart of public officials. rather than provide 30ft snaps, easy This is only one woman’s guess and is berths 01' political plums fern few p60- t‘ounde’d partly on the fact that women ple—these are what Michigan women are great financiers—in the sense that are setting forth to help MiChigan men a woman, who provides for a family of to Win. five on a husband’s salary of $15, may be classed as a “financier.” Another MENDING TEARS WITH MENDING baSls for my guess that women are go- , , TISSUE. ing to lend a hand in jarring the foun- . ,dations of state affairs, is the fact that Mending tissue which‘ can be mm Mlcmtm women. have come to the” chased for five cents a package at the firSt vote at a time when people the novelty counter in nearly all dry-goods world over are grasping the idea that stores, should be an accessory to all government belongs to them; and work baskets as it is a great saver of that politics existvfor seerce, not for time when repairing 'rentsin either profit. wacl or silk garments. The People's Hour Has Struck. Place the torn part of the garment Michigan women are “in atthe hear- on the flat surface of an ironing board 1 ing” on practical democracy. Not so with the wrong side up. Carefully fit ' much because we are women', as be- tOgether the two edges of the tear and cause the times are ripe, we are, I hope over this place a strip of the mending going to join in asking why money can tissue, letting it extend half an inch,on be obtained so, easily for junkets and. each side of the tear. Over all lay a sporting Projects, while pleas and pray; piece of material like the garment and ers of producers and consumersgo unr press with a hot iron, lifting and re- heeded for better markets. and cheaper placing the iron inStead of shoving it. foOd; _‘why,t)unds come so quickly for Sheer material cannot be mended in constabulary‘ and military, defense this way." ' u _ ' 8§tln$_,la‘?91‘i}18§,lll%¥1 while _'l‘he_‘ mending tissue ,isnalso convert. ofce is raised fer'iat'real - lent to. use then' turningup the "bet- Measures, and men and women elect- ! Every Woman that Royal Baking, Pawder makes % delicious, appetizing‘ food—unques- l . tionably wholesome. - g \ Some women, hoWever, do not ' know that food made with cheaper 4 baking powders, containing alum and phosphate compounds, is often inferiOr in taste and texture;—-—many of the highest food authorities have declared alum baking powders to be unwhOlesome and injurious. The safe and sure way is to use . ROYAL , Baking Powder derived from grapes ' Royal Contains No Alum-— Leaves No Bitter Taste L MICHIGAN FARMER PATTERNS. two yards. Two separate patterns, 10 cents for each pattern. Any of the patterns illustrated may No. 2733#—»Mlsses’ Dress. Cut in be secured by sending order to Pattern three sizes, 16, 18 and 20 years. Size, Department, Michigan Farmer, Detroit, 16 will require 37/3 yards of 44-inch ma- enclosing the amount set opposite the terial. The dress measures about two patterns wanted. yards at the foot. Price 10 cents. . No. 2728——A Smart Negligee. Cut in __ . . seven sizes, 34 ,36 ,38, 40, 42, 44 and. 'sizlggl S3286igé5822351: ggztelgifolg 46.inch_es bust measure. Size 38 .re. quires three yards of 36-inch material. gyms tour yards Of 36'mCh material. Price 10 cents. ”Ge 10 cents. No. 2573—Girls’ Dress._ Cut in four No. 2735——A set oflthree attractive sizes, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years. Size eight dress accessories. Cut in four sizes. requires 3% yards of 36-inch'material. small 32-34; medium 36-38; large 40—42: Price 10 cents. extra large 44-46 inches bust measure. It will require for No. l, 11/; yards, for No. 2, 1 yard, and for No. 3, 1‘4 yards of 36-inch material. Price IOCents. 5‘- ‘-. No. 2731~2527-—Ladies’ Costume The No. 2718—~Gil‘ls’ Dress. Cut in four waist 2731, is cut in seven sizes, 34, sizes, 6, 8, 10 and 12 years. .Size 10' 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46 inches bust Will require four yards of 27-inch mam measure. Skirt 2527, is cut in seven rial. Price 10 cents. . ‘ sizes, 22, 24, 26, 28. 30, 32 and 34 inches No. 2708~Cut in three sizes, 12, 14' I waist easure. Eight yards of 44-inch and 16 years. Size 14 will, require 334, material will be required for the'entire yards of 44-inch material. Price 10', dress. Width of Skirt at'lower edge is cents. . ‘ » .; " "if ”their grieyanc‘esivlthy tomv’of coats or men’s trousers. \ A . : VSPRAYERS and GARDEN TOOLS ACCURATE SEEDING, thorough cultivation and efficient Spraying will make your garden yield better returns and larger profits. The SUREST WAY to CASH IN on your " garden or orchard is to use Hudson Sprayers and Garden Tools. HudsOn Sprayers ‘ Whether your requirements are large or small, / there is a Hudson Sprayer to meet your needs. - No. 202-—Pint size . . 35c No. 4512—Quart size . 50c The most complete line of Sprayers manu- factured. Write for Hudson Catalog No. 14H and our booklet- “When, What and How to Spray” They are both free and will help you make money. No.110G——Galvan- ized Tank . .37 No.1108—B r a s 5 Tank. 1.0 Hudson Garden Tools Hudson Garden Tools a1e furnished in any combination desired, either as Single Wheel Seeders and, Drills.‘ or Double - Wheel Hoes. Plows or Culti- vators. All attach- ments are inter- changeable and may be attached or detached as your needs require. For accuracy,simplicity. easy operation. long service and profit able results, buy Hudson Garden Tools. Send for Cat- alog No. 14A show- ing complete line. i $18.00 14.00 lfyour dealer does not carry Hudson Sprayers and Garden Tools. order direct from No. 201-Complete as shown No. 205—Same as above. less Cultivator Attachments. HUDSON NIFG. C0., 326Tl11rd Avenue, M1nneapol13,an. U. S. A Fertilizer with Personality Royster Fertilizers are the life work of one man; F. S. ROYSTER. Their excellence IS the result of 33 years of continuous effort toward the perfection of plant food. Is the knowledge and experience of a life- time worth anything to you? Then ask for ROYSTER’S FERTILIZER TRADE MARK . l I HEGISTERE D ORDER EMILY AIIII AVOID DISAPPOIITIEIT F. S. ROYSTER GUANO COMPANY TOLEDO, OHIO 7 ounce; water; t 5011111111 The Michigan F1m1r When Writing in Muslims~ cubic inch soft water, one cupful. For Scale,- Insects, Plant Lice, Animal , Lice, Etc , From a cake of laundry soap cht out a cubic inch, that is, one inch each way. Shave it into a cupful of, soft water and‘boll fora few minutes in a thick vessel which will hold the heat for a time. ‘When it is dissolved re- move from the fire and pour into it, While still hot, two cupfuls of kerosene oil. Agitate violently with an egg-beat- er until the- oil is perfectly emulsified, when it will have a creamy appearance and Will'not readily separate from the of an egg-beater one can pOur the mix- ture into avtwo-quart fruit-jar and vig- Orously shake it, with 'an up and down motion, until the mixture is completely emulsified which should require at least ten minutes. This is known as stock emulsion and must be diluted be- fore using. For use as a dormant or Winter spray against scale-insects it should be diluted at the rate of one part of the stock emulsion to three or four parts of water, or in other words,‘ mix one cu'pt‘ul of the stock emulsion in a quart of water.- For plant-lice or lice—on domesticated animals it should be diluted at the rate of one part of the stock emulsion to ten to fifteen parts of water, or mix one eupful of the stock emulsion in three quarts of water. This more dilute spray should be used if there are any leaves on the plant to be treated, and in all cases the. spray mixture should be kept stirred or shaken .while applying. If this is not done a good mixture is not maintained Materials for Kerosene Emulsion. which may result in burning the leaves. It hard water is used in making the emulsion, much better results will be had if a little washing soda is added. It is best to apply this spray on "bright sunshiny days when the moisture in ‘ the spray will evaporate quickly. It is a contact spray and kills by hitting the insect, so that a thorough job is nec- ' essaryp If any of the stock emulsion an air-tight fruit-jar, which should be labeled and put away for future use. Kerosene emulsion is one of the old- est of the contact insecticides and has been supplanted to a large extent by the nicotine spray. . Crude Carbolic Acid Emulsion. Standaid Formula. -——C1ude carbolic acid, one pint; seap, one pound; water, one gallon. Household Formula. ——Crude carbolic acid, one teaspoonful; soap, one cubic inch, water, half a cupful. For Use Against Root -Maggots. Shave a, cubic inch of laundry soap in a half cupful of hot, soft watereand then add the teaspoonful of (nude car- bolic acid. This can be emulsified as sion. When ready this will be suffi- cient for one gallon of water. Care Should be taken, as in the kerosene solution, to keep the material agitated while applying ' . ‘ Pyrethrum. . ~~ - ’ Standard Formula q—Pyrethrum we gallons. ' ' -, Household two teaspocnfuls; water, one quart: f.’ ‘ " For: database Worms“. _ *Pyrethrum is usually applied i’ Quantlties (Continued from page 407). water if allowed to stand. Or in place. is left it can be kept for some time in, described above for the kerosene emuls 111111111125 -—— Pyretht‘um, ' powder, dueted on the 1.11.111, either - alone or mixed with lime or sulphur; Another equally good way is to use it as a. spray. Into a quart of water add two teaspoonfuls of pyrethrum and stir well, it will not dissolve but will remain in suspension, It kills insects through their breathing pores but is . harmless to man. Care should be tak- ‘ en to use fresh pyrethrum or else good results cannot be expected. It should be purchased in air-tight packages and kept in a tightly closed fruit-jar it it is not all immediately used. , Arsenate of Lead. Standaid Formula.—-—Arsenate of lead (powdered), one and a; half pounds; ' (or arsenate of lead paste), three pounds; water, fifty gallons. Household Formula.—+Arsenate of lead (powdered), three tablespoonfuls; (or arsenate of lead paste), one table- spoonful; water, one gallon. For the Codllng-moth, Caterpillars on Plants, Flea-beetles, and Other ' Chewing Insects. Measure into a cup three tablespoon- fuls of powdered arsenate of lead and fill the cup about tWo-thirdsfull of wa- ter. With a spoon mix these so that a good paste is formed and then add enough water to make four quarts of poison. This will be strong enough for. most of the chewing insects, but for the mom resistant ones such as the potato beetle, it will be more effective to use twice as much ar'senate of lead or six tablespoonfuls to a gallon of water. Bordeaux mixture can. be used in place of the water if it is desired. If arsenate of lead paste is used it will require twice as much, by weight, as ‘ the powdered form. The powdered ar- senate of lead is much lighter than the paste of the same bulk'so that appar- ently more of the powder is being used. ' Arsenate of lead has many advan- tages over Paris green, inasmuch as it will stick to the foliage much better and will not easily wash off. Also it will not be as likely to injure the fol- iage and can safely be used in cembi- nation‘with lime-sulphur sprays. Arsenate of lead is also applied in ‘ the form of a dust when” it is mixed with either air-slaked lime or sulphur and applied with a specially construct- ed dust-gun or else dustedon by hand. , Calcium Arsenate. Standard Formula.—~Calcium arse- nate (powder), three-fourths pound; (or calcium arsenate paste), one and a half pounds; water, fifty gallons. Household Formula—Calcium arse nate (powder), three teaspoontuls; (or calcium arsenate paste), one teaspoon- ful; water, one gallon. Used in Place of Arsenate of Lead Sometimes. Thismaterial is mixed inthe same manner as the arsenate of lead and is used against the same garden insects. Like “the arsenate of lead it must be used stronger when applied to the pow mm as the potato»beetle is quite re- sistant to the weaker poisons. Bor- deaux or lime- sulphur may be substi- / . tuted for the water.- Poison Bran Mash; , .. Standard Formula—Bran. twenty pounds; Paris" green, one pound; mo- lasses, two quarts; oranges, three (chopped fine); water, to‘ make a good mash. Household Formula .—-Bran, one qt; Paris green or white arsenic, one tea— . spoonful; molasses, one tablespoonful; orange, one- quarter (Chopped fine); water, to make a. good mash. . For Grasshoppers, Army-worms, Cut- V. “ailge or . _7 grinder andadd to Then add enough water to make a good stiff mash. A teaspoonfiil of this mix- ture scattered near, the base of the plants to'be protected will give the re- quired results. It may also be sown broadcast. To get the best results from this mixture, it should be put out in the evening so that it will re main fresh all night. Care should be taken not to allow_the poultry to run where this is being used. Poisoned“ Bait for Root Maggots. Almost every gardener is troubled , ‘with root maggots to a more or less extent. They are bad in beans, on. ions, radishes, cabbages and a few oth- er garden vegetables. The adults“ of these maggots are small. flies about two-thirds the size of house flies. And like the house' flies they are lovers of sweets. They are killed [by feeding them on poisoned syrup. It is .made by dissolving five grams of sodium ar- senite in a gallon of hot water and ad- ding half a pint of molasses. This is poured into several shallow pans or dishes which are placed on the ground near the plants to be protected. After the pans of poisoned syrup are in place they should be covered with a wire screen having a mesh too small to al- . 10w bees to enter, and large enough to accommodate the flies. euv NURSERY FRUlT TREES 0R PLANTS. F fruit trees or small fruits are to be set this spring they should be ordered at the earliest possible mo- ment, because the stocks of many nur- series are running low and already some lines of stock are practically ex- hausted. Make out a list of the varie- ties wanted and write to several nur- serymen for prices. Deal with the nearest nurseryman who can supply your needs, so the stock will not be long on the road. In the cold sections of the north do not have shipment made until early spring unless you have a cold pit or cold cellar in which to store the trees, shrubs, and plants. It the trees do not come too early, op. en the package, stand the trees in a slanting position, and cover the roots and part of the trunks with slightly moistened earth. Work the earth around the roots and do not let it dry out or the roots will be injured. This is called “healing in.” Plants of grapes and bush fruits should also be “heeled in,” but strawberries should be set straight up and only the roots covered, as earth or sand spilled in the crowns will render the plants useless if it does not kill them. In the south and the milder winter sections nursery stock may be planted now or be heeled in out of doors. In the latter case dig a small trench to stand the trees .in,.and slant the tops towar dthe south. Be sure to keep the roots covered with earth. NEWS OF THE WEEK. (Continued from page 402). ese militarism and restore China to the Chinese—Riots in Berlin are put down by heavy fighting and it is be- lieved that the general strike in cen- tral Germany has failed as a result.— Herbert Hoover, at present director- general of Allied relief. has taken over the control of all railways in the old Austrian empire for the distribution of food stuffs. Monday, March 10. FULLY one thousand persons were killed or wounded in fighting in Berlin last week and two hundred Bol- shevlsts have been executedr-Volun‘ teer German troops are being, organiz- ed to move against a large force of Reds who are now nearing the German harden—France yields to the Allied plan to provide Germany with 250,000 tons of food monthly until August.—— I ' The Canadian government has a nir- ed all lines of railway, within its . dorsal save lone-zenepresentative‘s of nations. are ‘pslringgthe ,Peace; hm. . ’ " " , l0 keen intoxicating Mum re meg- ' _. . 1 I RES THE MOST EFFECTIVE NON-SKID TIREON ANY ROAD Through mud, sand or gravel, over ruts and road holes, up stiff grades, .roun curves, there’s speed with safety if you are BRAENDER Equipped. They hold the road. 'BRAENDER, NON-SKID TIRES have unusually strong side walls and a tough wear-resisting tread. ' Put Them to Any Test your judgment dictates, contrast and compare them with any other tires of your acquaintance. You’ll find them “@1112 Eyre to ("bite an" BRAENDER Tubes—An BRAENDER RUBBE Branches E Lou Billion Garden Cultivator The Greatest labor—saving tool ever invented for garden work. Runs easier and does better ._ work than any other garden cul-J tivator upon the market. Car- ries its own weight. Set it toatir the soil any depth you wish. Works the soil at on even depth all down the row. Easier to push than a lawn mower. Use it two weeks; if not satisfied. recur it to us and . we will our money. W to Iy for cat- alogue and price list. i The Schaible Mfg. c0. . ’Dept. M, ”who 0. We have just completed the big at and most Interest boo on 31105 ever publish . We want to send every former a copy of this book, pad. bocauu It tell. all M _ coop I! CAN Bl GROWN ‘ Prices Below All More I will give a. lot of new 1 . sorts tree with eve order I fill. Bu and test. eturn it not 0. - money refunded. Bl; Catalog FREE , Over no illustrations or veze~ I flowers. Sen, dyon’rs Investment Manufactured by Factory—~RUTHERFORD, N. J. New York: 32 Broadway Philadelphia: 1350 W. Girard Ave. Chicasm 64-12 E. rm. Sum Distributed by MICHIGAN HARDWARE GRAND RAPIDS, MlCH. us” Equally Good R & TIRE CO. Co. Angora Goats For Profit Raise Angora Coats for mohair, mutton (Angora Venison) and natural increase. .- We will supply you with from three to a car load of these hardy. profitable animals- Necrly‘every farm can profitably handle An- gora Goats. Write for full particulars. pho- tographs of our herds. prices. etc. RIKEK :LIVE STOCK COLONY s41 FLATIRON BLDG... SAN FRANCISCO Get Longer Better Wool Shear with amashine and leave no second cuts nor scar the sheep. Use c Stewart No. 9 Ball Bearing Shearing Machine. Gets 15% more wool easily and quickly. Removes the fibre completely/making it loan: and better selling. Leaves a smooth.even stubble for next ear’s growth. Machine soon pays for itself. P ca 814. Send us fl—balance on arrival. Write for catalog. OHICIOO FLEXIBLE SRAVT COMPANY Dept. 3121. 12th St. and Central Ave. Chic-go. Ill. Seed Barley héfihmm“ row . bearded 1918 cm pure Wisconsin Pedigree 5m“ ished and grade .h-ee land'you'r neighbor-5' addresses. a. annulus“. mm. ll. lolly for reclegneduzol ron smutJnnd 3%!!de or on 3. Extra qluallty, ready (or your drlll. $2. bu. sacks free. Sam; es. F. A. FOLLETT. remont. Ind. Wit mum Fm MI Registered / , l Trade-mark Distributors in prac— tically all sections. We Buy -—-We Sell WHEAT CORN OATS BRAN—M iddlings RYE FEEDS Carloads or less} CARPENTER GRAIN CO. Battle Creek Michigan SEED OATS Pedigreed l“. A. C. test. ('ullegt- Success Oats. Test field weight 31’s'lhqierlm. Weeds none. 93 i germination. Worthy Outs. 3.3 “I. per liu. “Tells none. 95.5% em- inntiun. Prices 1:» bu. $1.60; 5-24 bu. - ‘ ‘-‘ bu. 81.1%); over 51.20. Sat-Its furnished free. THE JI‘INB INGS FAR‘MS. Bailey, h‘lieh. Greatest Hog Feed On The Market “'e have several tons on hand for a reasonable rice Write or call for samples and prices. Royal on Co ., 530-543 FranklintSt.. Detroxt, Mich. Some Special Clubbing fillers No. 7. Michigan Farmer, 1 yr., wk ...... $1.00 Woman’s World, mo ............. .50 Boys' World or Girls’ Comp., mo. . .50 Regular price ................. $2.00 OUR PRICE 0N“ $1.60 No. 8. Michigan Farmer, 1 yr., wk. . . . . $1.00 Breeders' Gazette, wk. . . . . . . . . . . 50 Woman’s World, mo. . nonIoooleco o American Boy, mo. . . . . . . . . . . . 2.00 Regular price ................. $5.00 00R PRICE 0N“ $3.90 ' No. 9. , ‘ Michigan Farmer, 1 yr., wk ...... 81.00 Green's Fruit Grower, mo ....... ‘ .50 American Bee Journal, mo ....... 1.00.: EveryWeek............ ........ 1.00 , Regular price ................. $3.50» 'N not writing in Advertise ‘ '~ ‘/ ‘ OUR” PRICE ONLY $2.50 5. M AS comfortable as an old shoe. Sturdily made fer hard usage. So much more economiCal and better in every way than old fashioned work clothing that you’ll be sorry they weren't available 8001181. 'scriptlve dammi- let. Department 2233 The l. ii. Let:3 Menumflm Company Kane 0 cl Mo. Kane:e on?! Item: Cont Trenton. II. J. Ask your dealer or write for de- rose 1 one Piece Like Your ‘ Union Suit ml, lnd., hemp ion Belle City incubator o... 140 .000 $109 5 Bugs 140i-Egg Hat-Water. C 1' Tank; Double w-t “1'5“," Mario'- :?u£§1i‘3’r‘o‘%‘i¢3‘-‘B§£'” only 385-9:- _ 5' Freight frepaldm 110.112. &ellow°ed one reus. Guaranteed. 5 eunrn write to rbook, “ ult’e Free and telle'a Belle C (y ncubuor 00.. Box 1‘4. Rs‘cim: Wis. Save the Baby Chicks Our book. “CARE OF BABY yl'JHICKS." and I package of GERMOZONE are the best insurance against chick losses Those formerly losing more than half they hatched now raise better than 90 per cent. on who have nemr tried GERM OZONE. we will undypoe “said. hook and package as above. You pay. It auntie 75c: 60 days’ trial. We trust you. Druggists and seed dealers sell GERMOZON'E. the best poultry remedy and preventive. For old and young. —bowel trouble. colds. roup. musty or spoiled food. umber neck, chicken pox. sour crop. skin disease. etc. Slek chicks can't wai Do It now. GEO. H. LEE C0” Dept. 480 Omaha, Net. POULTRY Hatchin eggs, sexen leadingutrieties, flab, Chicks best qua ity. Lowest prices. Oatalo Igue Goshen Poultry Farms. R. 19. Goshen, d. 100, 000 BABY CHICKS for 1919 sent safely everywhere by mail or express. Comb White and Broun Leghorns ands. . Grand laying strains Strong. vigorous, hatched- ri ht kind. Tenth, season. Satisfaction nar- Srder now for spring delivery. Prices ht. Free catalogue. W. Van Apple om, H 7, Holland, M ch. BABY CHICKS—11 Varieties. 810 per 100' up, 2 weeks nleSC up, 4 weeks Biotic‘x’pl.I Hittchin eggs $1.50 per 15 and 88 per 100. ite and Buf Rks Buff and ‘Q’hite Orp 1. Beds, White Wynn. , S. C.‘ 8d: R. 0 Br. Leg. Airedale Pups. Cir.f roe. Sunny Side Poultry Farms & Hatchery . Manchester, 0. e 8.0 White and Brown Leghorns. Baby ChiCRS good layingfi strains of large white eg.gs yGuaranteed to mach you 11 first cl ass condition b (parcel atalo 1e with rice list free. vmtiivn 113‘ TOHEI¥ R 2, Zeeland. Mich. ”Ba: OhioksS . 0. White and Brown Leghorns and red P. Rocks,£y parcel pastor at memento de- livery guaranteed nol Hatchery,R .Kolland Inch. BABYMT Chicks and En Barron En lish White WLege he Bi E..K£ "' 248 to 303. stock. GiARLOOK, 3.7. owell. Mich. Baby 02:11 13:11:an Straitn a: to. WhitebLe ltiorlrnszf3i Lax-g on orange oc arm rang. a Alm factiony BE-uoe W. Brown. 11.3, Mayville,Mie. mm were. 5 5 he; 5 1' Year Tm“ Guarantee Don’t take chances. out what an incuba- tor is made of ' 130 Find 1 late 130 before 9M9” buyin. Catalog andaam “wk of materialusedsent free. ewill send you these two machines, freight [soepaiAdY8 East of Rock- ies on 'tree trail. Both 5315351314 Wisconsins are made of genuine California Redwood Incubators halve double walls. air space between, double ales doors. co per tanks, self-regulating. hipped comp etc with thermometers, egg tester, lamps. e.tc, ready to run. today for our new 1919 catalog. free and postpaid. Large Size 180 can meunaron \ND IROODBR. 001'” 017.85. WISCONSIN lchII‘I’OI GO. BAC K IF NOT Box 72 .Raclne,WIe. SAT 1 SF I E D You Take No c? RI SK With 30 Days Free Trial Freight An 10 Hr Guaranice Paid 1123,3533 Kgbca‘tgrm 11:111.“ "pea" wBood e1- on ystriel. with a ten guarantee, freight paid unto! Bocées. 1 50 £61: "NGUBH Ton CHICK BRUOU'LERI‘ bstorln severe-1w! thank-u Iron cfipa nuke, ,nnreeaya. ‘u {augment : Blue CUSTOM HATCHING Hens inundation neggs incubated and chicks boxed and shipp p84” .13ng Lola than £1111 compartment 500 per doz- rder Many ya rletes send 0%: for oireul are. Bresoent Egg- ompany. Allegan, Mich. anottes “i1 TORY writers of the future appar- . ently are threatened with the prob. ’lem of inventing seme'other type of villain to take the. place of the avar- icious shark who goes through the story threatening to foreclose the mort- gage on the old home farm. It seems the Federal Earm Loan Act, which was put into effect about a. year ago, will do away with the old-fashioned mort- - gage which, when it falls due, may be foreclosed. The new law, now that it has been tested in practice, is said to be a success. _ The farmer who wishes totimprove his farm, equip it with better imple- ments, stock it with better‘stock, drain it, fertilize it, or pay off old debts con- tracted before'June 28, 1916, may bor- row money under this act at five and a. half per cent interest for a period of forty years, with the privilege of pay- ing off the entire loan after five years if he is able and wishes to do so. The same privilege is accorded the prospec- tive land owner who wishes to buy land to cultivate it himself. All money borrowed in this way must be obtained through a farm loan asso- ciation. If there is no farm loan asso- ciation in the immediate vicinity of the farmer wishing to obtain the loan, any ten or more farmers who wish to bor- row an aggregate of $20,000 or more and who are good moral risks may form a farm loan association. Application for a loan must be made to the nearest Federal Land Bank, which will notify the applicant whether he is within the district of any farm loan association. If he is not, blanks will be sent him with instructions re- garding the formation of such an asso- ciation if he and his neighbors wish‘to form one. After this, those wishing to organize must hold an organization meeting and elect a president, vice—president, and also a. secretary—treasurer, who is a. bonded officer and may or may not be a member of the association. The next step is to have the association incor- porated under the laws of the state, the same as any other firm doing busi- ness in the state. Each farmer borrowing money of the bank must subscribe for stock in the bank equal to five per cent of: the amount he borrows. He] holds this stock until his loan is fully paid, when the money invested in stock is return- ed to him. This stock is to guarantee the loans. If the local association is unable to meet its obligations each borrower is liable only for the amount of stock he holds, or five per cent of his loan. The liabilities of each asso- ciation are guaranteed by the resources of every other association in the Unit- ed States. Any p-rofits the association may make are divided among the borrowers in proportion to the stocli they hold. No commission is charged for making the loan. If interest iates go down the borrower will be given the benefit of the lower rate. When the farmer pays his interest he may make small payments on the principal in multiples of $25 if he wish- es. On the other hand, he may have the amount as long as- he lives, it his security is good and he pays the’ inter- est promptly. Money to the amount of fifty per cent of the value of the land, plus twenty per cent of the permanent im- prOvements, may be borrov'red on any given piece of land. As the price of :the land increases more money may be borrOWed On it. The maximum amount ,thatnay be borrowed by any one farm- 'WM oooiereleforeaée gig? ght Brahmal “er is no 0110. and the. minimufi mt Farm Loans Help Farmers « The farmer bonowing the maximum amount in this way saves about $60 a year, and has forty years, or a. lifetime, to pay it in, instead. of five years. In addition to the saving of $60, Farm Land Bank mortgages are free from taxation. ‘ ‘ If ten or more faimers wish to bor- row money in excess of $10, 000 each they may form a. joint stock land bank, with a capital of at least a. quarter of a million dollars. Half the stock must be paid up at the time of beginning business and the other half is subject to call. These joint stock land banks operate under much the same plan as the farm loan associations, but they have no connection with the farm loan associations. Speculators cannot obtain advantage of the farm loan associations, as the borrower must be a farmer cultivating his land or a prospective land buyer who intends to cultivate his land. The act is intended to help the farmer im- prove his land and increase food pro- ductidn and help the tenant farmer to become a land owner. Tree Surgery in the Orchard S many important details have been left unsaid about orchard sur- gery that though many a farmer or or- chardist, while he has grasped the principle, his workmanship has been so crude, that in many cases he has injured the trees more than he helped them. Nearly all orchard trees should be kept out back in the tops. This should be done that they may be sprayed and picked with as little expense'as pos- sible. Then the fruit of low trees whip off less in the wind. However, great care sliould always be taken in the cutting. No stubs should ever be left, they rot in and make a. weak place, also a breeding place for diseases and pests. Never cut into a canker or blighted twig without sterilizing the tools. It is a good plan to do so every little while on general principles. Never cut a lot of small bearing branches in order to leave one big one. It is the little ones that have the leaves and fruit. Cut all limbs on a. slant, slant- ing down from the branch you are g0- ing to leave. They heal over much quicker cut in this way. Trees with cavities may be helped by boring into them from below, letting all water run out, which also helps them to keep from splitting when they freeze. (The bit should also be kept sterilized). Repairing by bridge grafting and all of those stunts are so fully covered by United States and state bulletins that I will not take the'space to dwell on them here. The writer did a very novel piece of tree surgery last spring that promised to be a great success. It is a large Northern Spy tree in the orchard of D. W. Neu, Ingham county. About one-fourth of the north side of the tree was dead. A large root had died, then a streak clear up had died. The writer cut back the top, bowed out the dead wood and then planted two small trees on that Side, and grafted the tops all. along both edges of the wounds. Mr.- Neu kept them watered and also" kept the leaves picked of.” Nearly all of the unions are taking good and the '5 tree made a good growth lent year. Mr. Neil also told we that’iid‘» safer tnhirty amen or trait mafia I av” .. ,. I A" q an member of the giant family. . All the‘glants are valued especially as meat animals, although they mature less rapidly than the smaller breeds, their growth continuing until they are . fourteen or fifteen months old. They can be bred safely at eight months, however. Weights of eighteen and twenty pounds, such as are sometimes mentioned, are not common, by any means. Flemish giants weighing from twelve to fourteen pounds are much more often seen." Utility breeders be- lieve that the giants offer greater pos~ sibilities for developing strictly meat animals than any of the other breeds, although owners of Belgian hares and i of New Zealand reds may dispute their claims. ' ' New Zealand reds, while smaller than the giants, are larger than the Belgian hares, and are becoming fairly popular in the east, although they do not seem to have become wholly ac- climated yet. For several years they. have been bred in constantly increas- ing numbers on the Pacificcoast, and much is. said about their meat qualities. It isclaimed that the cost of producing a pdund of meat is less with these rab- bits than with any other kind. I Massachusetts. E. I. Fanmxerou. SHIPPING HATCHING EGGS. “OODEN handled market baskets are suitable carriers for batch- ing eggs. Place a layer of excelfior or. straw in the bottom of the basket and then wrap each egg separately in pa- per. Lay the eggs carefully side by side so there will be no room for jost- ling. Place a layer of excelsior over the eggs and cover the basket with gunny sacking. Tie the handles to- gether over'the top of the basket and this will prevent other packages being placed on the eggs during transit. Wooden candy pails can be used for shipping hatching eggs by packing them much the same as in baskets. When the wooden pails are placed on the floor the eggs receii'e more of a jar than when the ' are placed in has-i kets. It seems as it the eggs are more apt to suffer from the vibration of the train when they are packed in a wood- en pail than is the case when packed in baskets; as they act more, like a spring or cushion. There are several commercial parcel post packages for mailing hatching eggs which are satisfactory. In the one with which We are familiar, each‘ egg fits into a corrugated paper cylin- der and the cylinders completely fill the box so there is no room for the eggs to jostle around. These boxes can be returned ‘to the shipper for a few cents postage and used many times. We have had eggs come by parcel post 'in such a box Without breakagerand the percentage of eggs hatching has been satisfactory. Many poultrymen are satisfied with the parcel post method of shipping the hatching eggs. The per cent of break- age has been small and it is very con- venient for the farm buyers to receive the eggs from the rural carrier instead of making a trip to the express office. Some breeders .mate cock birds and pallets and cockerels and hens in‘their different breeding pens and it usually seems that the eggs from the hens give -the best results. It does not pay to hatch the eggs from pullets unless‘it is very necessary as all practical poul- trymen know that the mature hen is the bird that can transmit the most vigor to the chicks. _ ‘ ‘ It pays to study the Standard when mating up breedingpens and strive to . ,producebirds thatare as near perfect . as possible: 'Qpinions vary concerning W70: the," -Q33Sl¥’1.li§i¢n§ ;.113 the Stan- ftthefi '. a ’T,h?§uk. " .‘ 7 (Continued tram-pagans}. . likely to be bred as‘extensively as all? “I buy all my clothes at one store—the The advantage is that each suit has the Stylcplus label in the collar, "the price label is put right on the sleeve by the makers, and they guarantee the clothes. Ibww the manufacturer is back of those clothes andthcy must be good. I know that the price is right. Stylcplus style Stylcplus Store in town. "See the point? '8 a Slylgplus Clothes 5.2 5430;335:340 f'I’b it first and trying troubles are over. money's worth!” Cities and towns. Founded 1849 Sold by one leading clothing merchant in most Write us (Dept. II ) for Styleplus booklet and name of local dealer. HENRY SONNEBORN 8; CO., INC. Baltimore, Md. 'Copyrl’ght 1919 Henry Soot-charm 5: Co.. Inc. Hy Siyleplus every season. I ll tell you why I , and Stylcplus quality suit me down to the ground. The prices are always reasonable. "I never buy a suit of clothes without seeing it on. Then it fits right and I get just what I want. “Be a Stylcplus ‘rcgular' and your clothes And you’ll always get your m ‘The sleeve ticket tells the price‘ America 's only known -priced clothes Ring .Necked Pheasants Lay 40 to 50 eggs each per year. Why raise chickens to eat when these are much more profitable and raised as easily? Weigh 3 pound at six months. and bring $1.00 a. pound in the market. Set the eggs under chickens—feed and care for the young the way you would chickens. Are economical as they only require one—half as much food. Are very hardy and not subject to disease. Best eating bird in America. Eggs guaran- teed from vigorouerealthy unrelated stock. $6.00 for 15 eggs 35.00 for l00 eggs Genuine Wild Mallard Ducks Lay 50 to 60 eggs per year. We guarantee our breeding Ste 1: to be the best in the country as they are ntirely wild trapped Mallnrds and not the coarse semi-wild strain. for 15 eggs 25.00 for 100 eggs Giant Bronze Turkeys Have a wonderful (lock. headed by prize- winning 33 lb. tom. $1.50 per egg Bloomfield ' S. C. Rhode Island Red Chickens Fine laying strain of prize birds 8 5.00 for 15 eggs 23.00 for 100 egg..- Get order in early and send f check with it. Send for free booklet and instructions. ~ ' Bloomfield Farms 1714 Penobscot Bldg. Detroit. Michigan POULTRY A Federation of Interests After a long delay our new illustrated catalog is ready. In it wc explain the development of the Homestead Farms work. Pure Bred Practical Poultry livery farmer. pnultrymnn and poultrywomun in the State should have a copy of this catalog: it ex- plains pure buoedpoultry stock that is practicable for the farmer. If, you are interested in poultry, send for a copy. . {Day Old Chicks Everything indicates that there will be more. orders for Chicks this year than can be filled. Orders are al readv booked for future deliverynhose who want lobe sure 0 Chicks should order now and have them Hlllp- pod later when you will want them. Our Breeds are: Burcd. White and Bull Plymouth Rocks. Rose Comb and Single Comb Rhode Island Reds. White and silver Laced Wyandottes. Black and White Orpingtons Single Comb Black Minorcls Single Lomb and Ron Comb Whlte LeghOrns. Single Comb and Rose Comb Brown Leghorns. Single Comb Buff Legllorns. Sin e Comb Ancouas White Pckin Ducks. Guineas. Ht:- Eggs for Hatching i Eggs from any of the foregoing breeds for settings or in uantities forinculmtors. Special price for {’00 to eggs during soasonmnd for eggs for early brmlers. Eggs from W'hlte Pekln Ducks, Gray Toulouse and l-lmbden White Geese. Pullets —A few Pullets now laying are offered: 5 White Wyaudottes: 16 Barred Rocks,- 13 White Rocks; 20 White Legho ms. ' Spoclnl in Cockerell —“'e have about 1]) Barred Rocks of special breedii that. if taken at once. \u‘ will sel‘l. at {1.50 to $3.? each: about 20 S. O. and 1 R. (7. White Leghorn at lfl 00 to 83 00 each; a few high class White and Bull Rocks-.WhiteWyandottes and Ant-(mas. Hares—Belgians and Flemish Giants. If you really want poultry stock this season. espec- ially Day Old Chicks, you should order now; stock can be shipped later. BLOOMINGDALE FARMS ASSOCIATIONS- Blcomingdale, Michigan White Leghorns. Lendln ‘M.A.o. Bred‘To'l-‘y Demonstration Farmin' 18. Aver- so production for 1:30 hens lust your 180 on: each. ‘for hatchin . $2.00 per la. cur-810m per . ANNA R. LIN’ l)SAY, Gleubunuie Farmstead, ll. 2. Box’ 94. Inch. ' Romulus. R. ~ am butnnti thoys‘are .iaipfoved,.~i_t is ; naps Manpower. 91? Mom. - l . , . . The average cost of producing a. BABY CHICK under the hen 1522V2 cents. We will supply on with the breeds listed be- owr at ”X; cents to 200m. Ba creadlglofiks Butt helm " Brown Le ho . - White finds: B ifl' Chorus : . . cones White allotte- fine Brphlngtons hate. md'Rods. »- . . . ~ he lllnomas' hemmed.- for Bruin-s“ “two billion for Dildo“ ' rud- vwh ' 4 .hrl’gmll’mt; Comics h:- ."l' . on The Smith Standard cm...“ \ and folfie‘r free. ‘ . 11. .1 on in. rouse, " Gov-land. out ", mm stock that produced the winners in the state Circular free. Fillsdale. Mich. gm Chicks Brod in msrxugiom :3.” .30? demonstration farm work last vent. SUNNYBROOK FARM, Bab chicks from Bred-to—Lay S. C. White Leg- y horns $12 per mo. Thom‘foson Strain Barred Plyfiouth Rocks “Spar 11!). Safe liver ' guaranteed. Sen for chick folder and order early. Item h to - luglcperegg. Russell Poultry Bunch.Petersburg. lch. Baby Chicks 2:: .srauah'hgi.§3:°§fit lahotion' guaranteed. 'atalog free. 11 ld‘ C K.Sprluzlleld, lo. Hawhedeot Poultry Firm has " - ‘ content in o {telnet ' Bind-Mails m..." .2 air.-. , per octane prefiald by B. P." Circular rm. . > P EDASTLING‘. Constantine. Mich. ' ARRED Rocks excl naively. Got your baby chicks and" etching eggs on fine by order! 1‘ . PIER-OE. 3.5m; Mich. ' ‘W ‘HOMESTEAD FARMS BAKING!) Ply. “(wk eggs for hatching $2.00per13 - delivered by post. .\ l‘cu small cockerels $3.00 each. I A. llAIlNUhI, Union City. Mich. Bull Leghorns and Vl'hilc chhorns. Cockerels, hens, p9n<. and eggs. 500 April chicks of each breedi. Place Muir ordcr, now. Price, reasonable. Dr. \\ Illinm Smith. l’ctcmburg. Mich. CHICKS CHICKS CHICKS 350,000 FOR 1919 By Parcel Post Prepaid. Delivered To Your Door. Guarantee Live Delivery. Strong chicks from pure lu'cd farm stock that are hatched right. Have chicks of l'lililv and Exhibition quality. red to Lay. 8.0 “'hite and Brown Leghorns 5121.0 and $14.00 a 100; Bar rc-d Rocks. $15.00 and 317.“) a 100; Rose-and Single Comb and_ White Wran- $lo.00 and $18.00 a 1' ; S. C. Anconas. $141!! and 5171.0 “160: S. C. Bull' ()rpington. $18.00 and $21.00 n 100: SC. Black Minorcns, 31H“) 21 100: Odds and Era". _ $12.00 a 100. Eggs for hal- chmg. $7.00 to 88.00 a 100. Combination offer on chicks. “overs and hrooder slow. (live us your order and we Will make you asalislied customer the same as hun- dreds. of otlmrs. Before ordering elsewhere get our free illustrated catalog. Get your order in early. HUBER’S RELIABLE HATCHERY EAST HIGH 51"., FOSTORIA,0H10. CHICKS 100.000 This Season. l0 varieties. best pure blood stock hatched right and guarantced to reach you in right condition. hatching eggs pre- paid. l’ekin duck eggs. Illustrated catalog free. ~ STANDARD POULTRY (0.. [1.7. NIPPMICC, Ind. hicks Barron Strain While. Leghorns. Pay alltfl. I more and get a good start next season. Early hatched chicks arcalwaysthehent. Mycookerels‘com! from hcns with an egg record of over-509 their on]. let icur. March $16.Aprll $15.Ma.\‘ 514 per id: Circular free Folly Cove Farms. R. 1. Holland. Mich. LOOK 3““ $13 A 100 Ill’ . CHICKS By Special Delivery Parcel Post. (is/tags paidmdlfo fereut thorohred breeds. lffility ll: Exhibition grades. Live delivery guaranteed. Capacity 100.0(1) weekly. Catalog free. Nabob Hatcheries. Gambler. Ohio. _ CHICKS AND EGGS no» antistatic comb n.- I. Reds. Boned PW '. - - geeks'llfumW‘i-ififmwt ‘Farm I‘M and coped. ‘- r ml .‘ 0 a . minnlxm unit?" 3?. 39. Lawrence.- Etch. : I 53m xi-v's‘. o. w. A " . mmarun con; man: u.“ _ Pullin- 1 ‘ YM' blood avers (1701 ield thin bl) , ' be ' “nary. Morse film Leyghorn Fella. Beeflim_flfc§ ., Additional Poultry Ads. on Pogo-447 .---..—. -__,._.-.,.u.,;.-_._ Go to your [Hun back. ”’lllmuuuummlHHHHHHHHHIWH II/r ’rl/’/ '1‘ More Mil .J LarfroiFéed ” Dealer——Get a supply-‘- Feed‘ two sacks to any one Cow—If you’re not entirely satisfied with results, return the two empty sacks and the balance of the feed and get every cent of your money ..,1// f/v- —¥ More Profit ——-or Your Money Back on Reguestil That’s Your Guarantee on Larro-Feed We know, and thousands of dairymen know, that cows give the most milk for the longest time when fed with Larro-Feed. To prove to you that this is so we ask you " Select any one of your COWS. Weigh her milk each day for a week on her pres- ' liar/«h, ent ration. t "E \ «gnggv _ e to Larro-Fee At the end of the week add up the total. Then chan e the cow over gradually, tak- Larro-Feed is hard to beat. 1 have used it four years and it makes more milk than anything we have fed yet. We are using eight bags a day with. ensilage to 90 cows, and they are making SOJIE milk, nearly 1 00 quarts to a bag. J A .lIE'S C'. 8.111 TH Winterthur, Del. ing one weekto make the complete change so as to al- low her to adjust herself to the new feed. Give her the same amount (by weight) of Larro-Feed as you di of the old ration. As soon as she is on a full ration of Larro- Feed, start wei hing her milk a ain. Recor each day’s yield as before until 200 pounds of Larro has been fed. If, after you’ve used 200 ”13., your own figures do not Show that to make a fair and square test at our risk: the cow gave more milk on Larro— liked—or iffor any other reason you are not entirely satisfied— return the two empty sacks and the balance of the feed and get every cent of your money back. You want to get more milk from your cows. We tell you that with Larro-Feed you will get more milk. The onl way to prove itis to ma e a test. If the test shows: that you don’t get more milk With Larro-Feed ——we return your money With no questions asked. hat’s fair. Try it. Order a supply of Larro-Feed from your dealer today. If you do not know where he is located write us for information. THE LARROWE MILLING COMPANY 1302 LARROWE BUILDING I I", ll . III The Ready Ra I llllllllll Ill"|IlllllulullllllwllllilllI 1 i. I '7 ' ‘ll ' "llll’" 1" ’ """'I I “In" "III" III-I'I'lll tion DETROIT, MICHIGAN i3'p"‘|lll"""'lll"""' Ill“ ‘ 7 I"I .a l I' ll!" [III' I II‘ w 'l .....:::.ul.....::i|| For Dairy Cows Save on Newspapers} Many rural readers have bought OW their daily and the Michigan Farmer in combination at a price that saved them money. ' The Michigan Farmer-«One Year Your Favorite Daily --- One _Year On rural routes only at prices specified below in “Our Price” column. ‘ Regular Price. Free Press, Detroit. . . . . . . .$5.00 Journal, Detroit . . . . . . . . . . 5.00 Times, Detroit . 4.00 Herald, Grand Rapids ..... 5.00 Press, Grand Rapids . ..... 5.00 News, Grand Rapids ..... . 5.00 Our Price. $4.50 4.50 3.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 ado-.01... (5) ‘ who Increase «15% to 20%, whi Water a 15% More Milk Milk is 97% water, and cows greatest yield libbey lulomalicWalerBowls are the most sanitary and successful ever invented. Each bol trols‘ts n tr ted tirelb w con I ow wae sugplgeogas on y cow. and may be put at «litter: or pen. 'iz ts. or in any Its Cannot overfl No float tank regain-ed. ow; can- not get out of order. A out no water left in bowl to become stagnant. They save labor and feed in milk. Prevent spread of contagious iii cow has her own bowl and no water can pan from em to another with old-style easy to install: bowls. Very simple and Write for circular and prim. Clio FREE AND FEED RECO 4 Care ~0fiYoung Pigs} T7 VERY owner of a brood sow, . whether he lives on a large farm and has many, or whether he is-a sub- urbanite and owns one, should feel a, personal responsibility to see that the pig litters born this spring are received with the utmost care. That means the matter of providing proper housing for the brood sows, and their young should have immediate attention. The. high mortality among young pigs in some'parts of the country can be materially reduced if proper hous- ing and feed are provided for the soWs. ACcording to one investigation, which covered about fifty herds, representing 930"brood sows, the average loss was about thirty-three per cent, while some farmers lost fifty, to seventy per cent of the pigs, Death Rate Too Large. That the average death rate of young pigs is unnecessarily large, and that losses are in a large measure prevent- able, is the belief of the officialsof the Department of Agriculture. To remedy this situation in time to prevent heavy losses in the next pig crop, the depart- ment urges immediate preparation along two lines—providing satisfactory houses for the brood animals at far- rowing time and better management and feeding of the sows, both before and after the pigs are born. It has been found that the larger losses usually occur on farms where the housing facilities are poor. In one investigation it was learned that where good or fairly good hog houses were i used, the average number of pigs rais- ed in a litter was five and one-quarter, while on farms where the housing was poor the average number reared from each litter was. only three and one“ tenth. The average saving, therefore, where good houses were used, amount- ed to more than two pigs to the litter. Hog Houses Are Needed. hog houses which can be built at com- paratively low cost. Any one of these , will. soon pay for itself in the increased number of pigs saved. Both the indi- vidual house and the colony hog heuse have a place on the hog farin. Both give very satisfactory results if they are properly constructed. If only one can be had the colony house usually is to be preferred, especially where a. large number of sows are to be'kept. The farrowing period usually extends over several weeksif there are many sows. In such cases'each pen in the house may be used for two or‘more of the satisfactory quarters provided two additional pigs are saved in each litter, it would not be long until the hog house paid for itself. Good quar- ters are one of the'best investments There are many kinds of satisfactory sows during the period. 'Assuming that two sows use a pen and that by reason. News-Courier, Saginaw . . . News-Statesman, Marshall. DAILY MILK if interested (or free General Cats 4.50 3.25 5.00 4.00 In Stalnchions. Stagg'Cu-rieu. etc" ask oz. 4.50 4.50 Journal, Flint .- ........... 5.00 Gazette, Kalamazoo . 5.00 News, Cadillac ........... 4.00 Enquirer, Battle Creek.. .. 5.00 Evening News, Monroe... . 4.00 Pioneer, Big Rapids . . . . .. 4.00 Blade, Toledo ...... . . . . . . 5.00 4.50 News-Bee, Toledo . . . . . . 5.00 4.50 The above combinations give you an average saving of Fifty Cents. To Save $1 .00 ‘ Remit the first column prices and “you will get one year of the daily and 3.50 4.50 3.50 3250 two years Of the MiChigan Farmerm‘ 5" 3600 value for $5.00 with $4.00 dailies I +£5.00 value for $4.00 with $3.00 dailies . '-——a_'saving of the price of one year’s subscription to the Michigan Farmer; v... ; The Michigan Farmer, Detroit - C. A. LIBBEY COMPANY 104 Marion Street Oshko- h. Wisconsi- ‘ PIVOT AXLE KRAglfi'IVATOR , C HE origins} Pivot Axle, a slight iool pres- sure mOVes both the shovels and. wheels _ instantly to the righi‘or left. width‘betyeqn gangs infimmly'adinsled while machine ,Is’ in motion. ’ L Cultivate: Hillsides, Uneven Land l . - .5 Simplest in constructiOn—least mum to! ham arses furnish power. driver only steer; and Crooked Rows I firmlhlnk inset—out ol‘order. Steel‘ nine. All iect 'n malleable iron. ve. . no" accessible. fig wearsnd work.._ljrgyht l .. , ante. Madein high ma low whee KRA S PIVOT GANG. Can be equipped with a"; new...» Mm. DEPT. [E IN n AKRON .on—no The AkronAFeniliaef Diotributo The greatest improvement in . . receiuyegrju commer- cial artillery! ' W _ ecnltivntipz. ‘ coin-ins and Q40- »: why. nose LTlVATO o. the swine grower can make. The satisfactory hog house provides warmth, dryness, abundance of light, ventilation, sanitation and comfort. To meet these requirements the house need not be expensive. As 'a matter of fact, many expensive hog houses are not satisfactory because they; do not possess, all these requirements, while many less gXp'ensive ones properly planned and built give excellent sat- _isfaction. Th‘é 'care given the broad sow, es- pecially in her feeding, isequally im- portant. “Help onlthis point can be ob- tained from bulletins which state‘agrif E cultural colleges; or the United States Department. of Agriculture willfurnish: There is no animal on the farm which requires better-protection from the cold than ‘theghog; none for Which I! “3"“ be“ it m°re7¥9°6535i32i 7.41151 attention to their care. none so much in. need 0f sunshine'as the little pig. The horse and the cow have good coats of hair—even a calf or colt-“left in the—cold is provided with a. good fur coat; the hens’ feathers are the best protection against low temper- ature, but the hog has almoist nothing between his skin and the weather. One of the first requisites for' success with hogs is a shelter where young pigs can be kept warm and well supplied with sunshine and fresh air. 'A little pig takes cold very easily and recovers slowly, if at all. To prevent taking cold he must be kept dry, warm, away from draughts and provided with good fresh air. PURE-BRED CATTLE PAY BEST. A FARMER bought a registered Shorthorn heifer in 1906 and pro- duced from her and her descendants ninety-four head in twelve years. There are many cases where the increase is as 'rapid as this but as a rule the des- cendants become scattered and the rec— ord of increase is notkept. Two broth- ers in Wisconsin started in 1904 with one regsitered Shorthorn cow and kept a caréful record of the increase and produ ed in fourteen years one hun- dred and nineteen head. Any farmer who will start with one or two purevbred females and keep the female increase will in the course of four or five years have a, very valuable herd that has cost practically nothing but their keep. The bulls which come along from year to year will sell for more money than grades will sell for and the heifers will take the place of the grades which ordinarily the farmer has been raising. The sales should be made from the grades and in a short time only the pure—breds will remain on the farm. This is an easy way to get started with purebred cattle and the profits are certain to be much larger than in raising grades. It doesn't require any better care to grow pure-bred Short- horns than ought to be applied to the , raising of. grades, but the better the care the better the results with both. It is the man who cares for his stock that realizes the best results and the largest profits. Raising live stock» isn’t an endurance contest. It is an effort to get the largest development and profit for the amount of investment in feed and maintenance. That is why the pure-bred makes the best showing. A great many farmers seem to have the impression that pure-bred cattle are not adapted to their farm opera- tions— that the raising of pure-bred cattle is a business entirely apart from theirs. This is a very common impres- sion among them but it is a misconcep- The fact is that every farmer who is growing cattle would find it more profitable to raise pure-bred cat- tle‘than grades. It doesn’t cost any more to produce them. They do not necessarily require any more room. They increase just as rapidly as do the grades and they invariably sell for tion. ,moré. ’ The interesting fact is that once a farmer becomes interested in grow- ing pure-breds he begins to pay more He' takes more ' pride in their develOpment. andhe. is encouraged to do so because of 'the better returns that are in prospect. ' Raising pure-bred cattle is the farm- er’s businessf and it isa business in which hefwiii take an increaSed pride, and] have both increa‘Sed prefits and happinessm use of a good bull i means W-Ififla Mahatma '- ' 7,3 ates 1:9 tn ‘ " .p_ I 1' on» IT always seems to be the: gentle, ball that atthcks’dts caretaker and' causes serious injury or, death A bull that isknown to be ugly~ is. watched, and as the attendant Is on guard when around the animal, there Is less danger of injury. ' ' It never pays to allow a bull to find out its strength. and for this reason dim farmer should keep control of the animal at all times and not let .it know that the strength of the boss is inter ior to its ownphysical powers. There is much risk in allowing bulls to go down inthe pasture with the cows, especially if the fences are not in the best of conditionl-‘requently a bull has broken put and gone down the road, where it has caused ' much trouble and possibly a serious less to " some farmer owning a pure-bred; herd l of another- breed. ‘ There. is also the- danger‘that the ball will injure people on the road, and after once obtaining its freedom, it is more difficult to con-» trol the animal and keep it contented while in confinement. The best method of managing the bull is to keep him in a strongly built box stall,. with a small yard outside, where he can exercise and see the other members of the herd. The fence around the yard must be well built and braced. Strong cement posts with iron pipe set in the cement connecting the Substitute Feeds for Cachs 1 (Continued from page 408). The feeding value of linseed meal is 'too generally understood to require any further discussion. ' - In order'to prevent scours and other digestive derangements two pounds. of soluble blOOd 'flour was mixed» with each one hundred pounds of feed. This blood flour is sold'under the trade name of Soluble Blood Flour. The manufacturers claim that it prevents scours. Many breeders of pure-bred dairy cattle use it as a preventive of digesitve ailments and secure. It con- 3 tains forty-seven per cent of protein, so that its value as a food is very "high. . The blood meal retails at about $4.00 a 3‘ hundred pounds. The cost of the entire mixture was a little over three cents per pound at the time calves were fed. At the beginning the entire mixture was made into a thin gruel and fed along with skim-milk. The quantity of the mixture fed was gradually increas- ed as the quantity of milk was decreas- _| ed until at the end of two weeks the ‘1 entire lot were fed only the prepared ' feed, choice clover hay, dry grain and pure water. We mixed the gruel with , cold water several hours before feeding ‘ time so as to get the lumps all worked out, and sometime before feeding ad- ded sufficient boiling water to bring the mixture to the temperature of fresh milk. A pound of the mixture was fed with a gallon of water. About six quarts of the gruel was fed to each calf at the beginning and the quantity was slowly increased as conditions seemed to warrant. At four months of age some of the calves ,were eating three gallons of the mud a day. The calves were taught to drinkthe prepared gruel and were fed twice a ’ day. Some of the younger calves did not appear torelish the gruel so‘well as the skim—milk and grain mixture, yet ‘no serious trouble was -.experienced'in inducing them to eat sufficient tomain- tain normal growth. The~cost of the mixture for the eight calves for a pe- riod of fourmonths/amounted to about $100. In‘ addition they were .fed all of “the clover'hay, grass and dry grain (oats and wheat bran’ they would read- .»ilyconsnme. At five months of age 3 i I posts makes; an they‘wereagoodz bunch'of heifers and , ‘ anxaonelpbedirmtef vigorous and heal-v 1&3. WW-Iedcoasidemhiev unbreakable pen. If a stout board fence is u ‘ / do not make the boards so high that he bull cannot see‘ what is going on outside. A sire that is not at least one year old is too ybung for breeding, and the . first year that the animal is used for breeding, the amount of service should be limited. Because a bull seems strong and vigorOus is no reason why its breeding powers should not be pro; tected as carefully as is the case with other kinds of farm animals. All bulls should be dehorned. This is a protection for the caretaker, and in addition the bull without horns is less apt to develop a pugnacio’us dis- position. The bull should always be ringed and led with astaff, and if it is exercised by driving or using on a tread mill, the greatest care must be taken to avoid injury to men working _ around the Animal, . . When we consider what a poor sire can do to a good dairy herd and what a good sire can do for a poor herd, it is evident that more consideration should be «given to the dairy bull. when every farmer realizes how much cash is thrown away by accepting service from scrub bulls, the dairy business will become more profitable, breeding fees will be paid with less grumbling, and all dairy organizations will de velop more rapidly. K. G. R. of the same mixture to young calves, but usually as asupplement to the sup— ply of skim-milk. It is our almto get the; calves started at a time when we have a surplus of milk to send to the . creamery. The use of skim—milk, even in a limited quantity, simplifies the feedingproblem and adds a certain de- gree of palatability to the ration that cannot be successfully replaced by commercial calf feeds or prepared mix- tures. In making economical use of these milk substitutes much depends upon the conditions under which one is feed- ing, the chances of obtaining an ade- quate supply of skim-milk at reason- able prices, and the quality of the calves he is rearing. It surely will not pay one to invest in these prepared feeds to rear inferior calves, either for the dairy or for beef, but theyserve an admirable purpose on farms where whole milk is sold and where the own- er wishes to rear a few of his best heifer calves each year. These feeds are sure to be used more extensively in the future of our dairy farming than they have been in the past, and now is the proper time to gain an accurate knowledge of their use. PLAN SILAGE CROPS NOW. IT is important at this time that con- sideration be given to the kind of feed crops that should be grown for the family cow as well as for the dairy herd. In order to maintain the milk production, crops must be planned to meet the requirements of the herd. Since some succulent feed is essential for economical milk production in win- ter, a. silage crop is desirable. For small herds ranging from two to six cows; succulence. may be provided in the form of roots; in larger herds it may be supplied by silage. , Dairy farmers in the south must real- ize by experience gained during the past two winters that a silo filled with silage is a necessity. Some dairy herds have been dispersed during this period , and‘in most cases this can be traced to the COSt 0f purchased feeds. A silo «3 would have saved them. Many silos have not been 'built because the farm have not been filled, and still others. EightGood Reasons Why You Should Buy a 3 E LAVAL GREATER CAPACITY: New capacities have been increased 10%, without increase of speed or effort required in operation. SKIMS CLOSERz. The improved bowl design, together with the patented milk distributor, gives greater skimming efficiency. EASIER TO WASH: Simple bowl construction and discs caulk- ed only on the upper side make the bowl easier to wash. EASIER TO TURN: The low speed of the De Laval bowl. the short crank, its unusually large capacity for the size and weight of the bowl, and its automatic oiling throughout, make it the easiest to turn and least tiring to the operator. THE MAJORITY CHOICE: l\'Iore‘ De Lavals are sold every year than of all other makes of separators combined. More than 2,325,000 are in daily use—thousands of them for 15 or 20 years. TIME TESTED: The De Laval was the first cream separator. It has stood the test of time and maintained its original suc- cess and leadership for 410 years the world over. EQUIPEED W'ITH SPEED INDICATOR: Every new De Laval lS equipped with a Bell Speed-Indicator, the “Warning Signal” which insures proper speed, full capacity, thorough separation and uniform cream at all times. SERVICE YVHEN YOU NEED IT: The worldwide De Laval organization, with agents and representatives ready to serve users in almost every locality where cows are milked, insures the buyer of a De Laval quick and efficient service whenever he needs it. Order your De Laval now and let it begin saving cream for you right away. Remember that a De Laval Ina be bought for cash or on cue liberal terms as to save it: own cost. co the local De Laval agent, or If you don’t know him, write to the nearest Do Laval office as below THE ‘DE LAVAL SEPARATOR COMPANY 165 Broadway, New York - 29 E. Madison St.. Chicago locks 50 Cows Instead Of 0'19. I “Hal 15-3 5151.31“ . ‘ \ x A, 7 jéLfl/lfié ‘ in; ‘l" final“ ‘ its . ..,. _ ’ smu- '-“ l ' if.) D [PM lis'r ~ ‘I ,3; £2: .. , ’ ,—~ > . West Bend“ Automatic Stumble“ ' 99 equipped with our vendetta! lacunae—- has}? lever save you time and lo insure cty u: lockinguporreleeoing the cows, 1. .. myoupoynomonior Wat Bend comm , -. than («ordinary stanchion: that mm. beepened and . , cloud iluly by hand. The West Bendiever controls from Summons. Theaurerow ofoomcaa be locked up or reloaoell -' our stops are operated at namccimo. and when set colds cow Into 1 .,. .77? " ’ T .L {1 ‘ ‘ .1. :73: 7" “-1....- Ir “ ill—6 '0‘? ' ’Y‘ “A s" '5 ' no so West can Automatic 8'1 f WW Insane throwof the lever. . mammal. 'Bvay nut-mo lt'o the “(not numbers. Writetodov for WEST BEND IAIN EQUIPMENT 00., 280 5.. Water SL5 Wont had, not Wmflmfimd Warhead Born lotto-out. ‘ Win. . ,2.-/,.« , "7. .;./t';, . A» / -,.:/, :47 x.“ 2:77: 7:»:41-5/A14/W29n’7/ ”2%,; [,4 ' ’91.]. 4 ersrfailed toplant the necessary crops.- ~£ L‘ Whoowrilial toadvanmmnoaflon'fhollomln Form humanism“ barneoulomcnl. You. .. . 1 :.~,g;»ai;.ti.irzg‘aub-.. - Readers Questlons FERTILIZER FOR OATS. We are thinking of sowing fertilizer in our oats for the purpose of inc1eas- ing our oat yield and assuring a clover catch. Any suggestions as to kind of fertilizer and amount pei ame will be appreciated Calhoun Co. W. W. S. If any crop needs fertilizer contain- ing nitrogen it is a crop like oats that are sown very early in the spring. At this time of the year nitrification is taking place slowly in the soil and a little available nitrogen gives the oats a wonderful start. It is possible, of course, that you have a sufficient amount of available nitrogen in the soil without adding any, though it is altogether» probable that a little nitro~ gen in the fertilizer would be quite beneficial in giving the oats a start at the beginning when they need it most. The main part of the fertilizer, how- ever, in my judgment should be avail- able phosphorus in the form of plies- phoric acid. The function of phosphor- us is to hasten maturity and develop the seed of plants. Agricultural chem- ists have determined by careful inves- tigation that our Michigan soils are deficient in available phosphorus; not only that, but the practical test of ac- tual farming in growing crops indi- cates the same thing. Our experiment station has done some very careful work along this line and in every in- stance so far as I know acid phosphate or available phosphoric acid has given splendid results. Now, my suggestion would be that if your land usually grows heavy straw or grass, if you have been using stable manure and clover in the rotation, that probably all you need is acid phos- phate. If, on the other hand,‘you do not get a luxuriant growth of grass or straw, it indicates a lack of nitrogen. In that case I would recommend a fer- tilizer containing say two per cent of ammonia and twelve per cent of phos- phoric acid, and in the latter case sim- ply acid phosphate at the rate of about 200 or 250 pounds per acre. EARLY POTATOES. I am a boy seventeen yeais old, and haVe to support a iamily of six. Have an invalid father and our income fails to make both ends meet. I know your advise will help me. As you know, early potatoes always biing a good p1ice 1’01 a while in summer. I want to plant half an same. I have 01 de1ed the seed. The g1ound I am going to plant them on has been used {01 “d1 den and peas and oats I plowed it and ma- nnred it well last fall. Any advice you can give me about planting and taking care of potatoes will be greatly appre— ciated. As I have not had much expe- . rience with potatoes, would like to get them 011 the market by July 10. Saginaw Co. M. J. L. Early potatoes will undoubtedly fur- nish a source of revenue as early in the season as any crop that can be planted. As you are near a good mar- ket you could raise some early vegeta- bles, including garden peas, which usu- ally sell for a good price, but potatoes are a staple crop, however, and, as you say, if you could get them into the mar- ket early you are quite apt to get a good price. You have made all preparation for a good crop. You have good, rich ground plowed and manured the fall before. You have your seed already purchased, and everything is ready for spring. One ' important thing, as you suggest, is to \ get this crop started early so that you will .get it into the market before the price drops, and one trouble with fall filming for early potatoes is that it ‘wr‘ $106531 warm the soil as fast as spring r, , plowing: I: you could plow this ground real early during a warm spell, it warms the soil very materially and your potatoes would start quicker and develop faster if all conditions are proper, than they will on fail-plowed ground. I think you can readily under- stand that. It wouldn’t take so very much time to re~plow this half-acre and, I am sure that it would warm _up the soil so that the potatoes would get a quicker start. Then again, if you plow in the spring you could plant the pota- toes deeper, which will enable thein to resist dry weather later on. If pota- toes are planted, say four inches deep, in fall-plowed' ground realOearly, they are liable tobe quite a while in, start- ing—the ground is so cold. Of course, it won’t do to plow, this ground and, work it until it is dry enough so that its mechanical condition will not be in- jured by tilling, but just as early as you can if you will plow it down and harrow it, not roll it, you don’t want a compact soil for potatoes, then plant the potatoes four inches deep,l believe that you will get a quicker start than you will to plant them on fall-plowed ground. After the potatoes are planted a few days the ground should be harrowed and you can continue this harrowing frequently until after the potatoes are well above the ground. In doing this you conserve moisture, destroy all the weeds when they are just germinating. If the weather condition is so that you can harrow sufficiently it will practical- toes. you see the first of the-old bugs on ,the potatoes. of them. Watch them closely and be ‘deaux mixture. ly do away with all hand- hoeing be- cause you have destroyed all weeds. After the potatoes are large, enough they should be tho1ough1y cultivated. The first cultivation should be deep to stir up the soil well, then gradually give them shallower cultivation so as not to destroy the roots. Don’t allow any bugs on the pota- You can put on Paris green when This will destroy many 1eady so that the bugs will not eat the _vines and destroy their v1tality... You can spray this half acre with a BOr- Give them good, clean‘ cultivation and with a favorable sea- son you can expect splendid results. . ‘APPL‘YING LIME AND FERTILIZER. Is lime beneficial for cats? I order- ed a car, some for alfalfa, the balance to be put on ground intended for oats. How should it be handledrand Spread? IVould it be safe to put it on frozen ground? How much should I put on per acre? Osceola Co. H. H. Lime is beneficial to any soil that has an acid reaction. Some plants will thrive better with anvacid soil than others. Oats is one of these plants, but it will do better in a neutral soil than on an acid soil. I think the best place to put lime in a rotation of crops is on the crop where you are to seed to clover. Clover will not do well at all in an acid soil. If you put the lime Dal/arr in Old Iron N almost every farm there is a scrap heap'of old iron, or "worn- out tools and machinery which would be worth dollars when collected and sold to the junk buyers in town. Nea1‘-'_ 1y every town has someone who‘buys iron scraps and since the,War has in- creased the demand for iron, prices paid have gone up. In my town the price has ranged from $10 to $12 per ton. Enough cf such scrap has been collected and sold by _the farmers of this community during the past few months to make up six carloads, It has returned a good many dollars .to the farmers’ pockets that otherwise would have been wasted. Then, too, such old material can be melted down and converted into new machinery or other necessaries to help supply the nation’s needs so one is really perg ' threads cut with standard dies. , forming a patriotic duty. On nearly every farm worn or out- of—date machinery has been pulled aside and replaced with new machin- ery, while the old is left in some. out-' Of-the-way spot with the idea'that some part, if not- the whole machine,. will some day become useful. . the old machine is seldom used- be: cause the parts to it do not fifths, ’ However, " on the field that is going to be seeded to clover you will get a much better growth of clover and this growth of clever is very beneficial to all succeed- ing crops. You can apply lime on frozen ground in the winter time successfully. It may be. that when the spring break-up ar- rives some of it may be washed away but not very much. ‘1’ wouldn’t recom- mend putting the fertilizer on frozen ground, however. You had better wait and put the fertilizer on when you plant the crop. Fertilizer ought to be mixed with the soil and so had lime for that matter, but, of course, when you cultivate the land in the sp1ing the lime is mixed and so the fertilizer would be, but you use such a small amount of fertilizer that you can 't af- ford to have any of it wasted and it is readily available and so it is better to apply it at the time of sowing crop. The‘best way to unload a car of bulk lime is to spread it right from the car. Have your lime spreader going, then haul the lime and unload right into the spreader or have an extra wagon so that you can leave that in the field and supply the spreader from that while you go after another load. This takes more help just at that time, but it saves handling the lime, otherwise you .have get to draw the lime, unload it and then load it again. C. C. L. PREVENTING COLDS. Can you tell me what is wrong with my hens? One eye swells very large and remains closed. The hens act stupid and sit on the roosts. Huron Co. B. W. This condition is probably due to colds. A bird may be exposed on a cold windy day or roost in a draughty or damp hous‘e. At first the eye waters and then swells shut. A peculiarity of the trouble is the fact that one eye may swell shut and remain in that con- dition without the other eye showing any effect of the infection. The dust in the poultry house will often cause this eye trouble and for that. reason . garden loam should not be used on ' poultry house floors as it is scon chang- new machines: Even the bolts and nuts in the old machine are not as Ilse- t‘ul as one might think. Most of us have had the experience iof losing a» burr off a part of a machine then when when we try to fit another-of the same size, the thread is different. If we try a newbolt, it may answer the purpose but probably .won’t fit. Each manufac- turer seems. to. have taken Special pains to make every part of his-‘~ma«" chine, and even the bolts and puts a little different from all others. Purely a trick to increase his sales This is a condition 1emediable only by appr0-~ p1 iate legislation. Faimers would .save them elves a great deal of trouble and annoyance by demanding that their representatives pass a law requiring manufacturers to uSe standard rods where possiblesand uniform belts with So the junk heap is: oflittle mate- 1ial value on the farm. Add to this the unsightliness of old worn‘out ma. ; chinery cluttering up the premises and we have ample reason for cleanup day. The Old, ,_ dohé their wérk So nowiet' , . on the salvage '3 -‘ ed to dust when the birds are scratch- ing in the litter. Such a condition may develop into roup which will be indi- cated by the peculiar offensive odor and the great swelling of the eyes. Sim- ple colds can be treated by placing permanganate of potash in the drink- ing water until it is a deep red. In- fected birds should be isolated. The headscan be rubbed with mentholated yaseline. If the disease develops into ‘ roup the birds should be killed and the carcass burned. Roup spreads very fast in flocks that are devitalized by poor-housing conditions and bad feed- ing methods. Even flocks that are in. the best of condition should not be sub- jected to exposure to roup. The best treatment of colds is - preventive. Flocks that are pioperly housed and fed on a balanced ration, seem to de- velop resistance and immunity to colds and [such birds cause their owners very little trouble. Another means of pre- venting colds consists in bringing the young stock to the laying houses in the fall before the cold winds and mini; occur frequently. This saves them from exposure and helps to keep them vigorous. - ‘ -.R -.G K. I am convinced that southern Micki: gan muck farmers can afford to his ".1 ed from page 416). \- . _ -_ . . . .. . - ’ . (Continua Vile; “5,1,33,33,15. , n» t ls new , ' ' N the front wheels, as in other parts of the tractor, Hyatt lie we'd inshagc-killlné dogs forced front Wheel - Bearings have proved that they are the most logical because tamed faint; 9136p raising business * ‘ « they are the most practical. Not only do they accomplish . 2:: :t‘liegs where shepherds had been construction all that is necessary to take care of the loads and shocks discouraged by (1088- The present leg- .- » , ~ ~" pseuliar to front wheel bearing service, but they do all this ‘ islaturc has before it several, bills 91‘0' bf course we . with less attention than is required by any other bearing, _. posing new laws, all Of Whmh arehre. ’ . regardless of type or make. They never need to be adjusted. . ’ceiving more serious attention t an H Because of their reater ca acit for lubricant, they require ever before. It is up to the present use yatt less attention for oiling thanpanyyother bearing. And they \ .,; ‘31.. a. legislature to‘make a law that will eliminate most oi our worthless curs and mongrel dogs, give protection to valuable dogs, and provide for reim- bursement for losses from dogs in such a manner that the sheep owner will feel secure against this great menace to the business. . He pointed out the need for a per- fected organization, so that we can handle our wool to get all that it is worth. His estimates showed that Michigan sheep men lost $6,000,000 last year by not being organized so as to protect themselves against price fix- ing. He also showed that we lost about $1,500,000 through our local selling methods, which did not return to the grower within about 10c per cwt. on the average of what he should have re. ceived from the price set by the gov- ernment. Mr. H. H. Halladay, President of the State Livestock Commission, spoke on “ProgreSS Made in Sheep Industry in the State During the Past Year.” He told us that. 30,000,000 sheep wene brought into the Upper Peninsula for pasture this summer, with at least as many more coming direct from the west into the Lower Peninsula. . E. N. Ball, Secretary of the Ameri- can Merino Registry,Association, was called on in place of Mr. Walker, to tell us something of the Ohio Sheep and Wool Growers’ Association. He had attended their meeting and told us of the success in cooperative market- ing of Ohio’s wool. They averaged 9c lier cwt. better than their country deal- ers paid, and on seine grades as much as 150 difference. Each grower’s wool was graded separately, and each re. ceived a price that he deserved for the grade of wool he had produced. He suggested that Ohio growers were go- ing to set a fair price for next year's crop and stick to it. He stated that the Ohio Association had information to the effect that there is not as much of a supply of wool in the whole world as is being reported by wool dealers that there is in this country. Mr. I. R. Waterbury brought up the subject of the government’s‘ plan to withdraw its wool from the market July lst to November lst, so as to leave a more open market for this'year’s woe] crop. After considerable lively discussion, a. committee was appointed to draft resolutions to send to the gov. ernment wool administration in regard to ways it can assist the grower to a fair market. V. A. Freeman, Extension Specialist in Sheep Husbandry, from the M. A. C., told of his work in helping new sheep owners of the state to get started )Bearin852’ . outlive the tractor itself. These are the reasons why in tractor construction it is “Hyatt Bearings, of course." Sand for the new Hyatt booklet entitled “Proof. ” ' , HYATT ROLLER BEARING COMPANY Tractor Bearings Division Chicago Industrial Bearings Dim, New York Motor Bearings Division. Detroit ...... SPRING WHEAT No.1 Northern“MARQUlS”Type Seed $3.25 per bu. f. o. b. szilanti Bags Exu'a--50c Each. . We have put this variety out for three years and it gives best results. This is Northern Grown “'helt ‘ we» are bringing from Minnesota and Canada. Order Now For Immediate Shipment. Watch For Our Seed Corn Announcement. MAR-TIN DAWSON comma, Mich. . . New Victor Seed Oats $1.00 per bushel. Wisconsin- l’f-digrced Bugle}; 511.50 m-r bu. Quality ital:- nntead. il‘lAVEY. Akron, ich Pedigree Worthy Oats For Sale Write JOHN J. BRENNAN, Emmett. Mich' ,1 .. ‘9- /«~ .{5-\ - ‘ ‘5 N W Boys, Garden and Flower Seeds. Free curantged packet with each order. Postage paid! Special prices to Market. Gardeners and large growers. ALLEN'S SEED HOUSE, Geneva. Obo. - — —’ _ SHEEP ‘_ \\.: r~\ Wr,R ‘w‘ ‘ -.- \..\‘ «TR.~.: . 4 *\ 'TIX-TON MIX' with all are around kumkflock healthy and free (:3; right, and how the better methods of _ . ‘ -., r- - , . worm-.35 . a; Savumbigmon.y_’ Do Mensllbrk-with fmww handling sheep were carried to the “WM” " ,growers through meetings and demon— Parsons Tlx-TONC "WW“ strations of selection and culling, shearing, detection of parasites, dip. ping, castrating, and docking. The aims of sheep extension work are more and better sheep in Michigan, and he believes that the correct and perman- ent results will be accomplished bet- ter through success of present and new sheep raisers than through propaganda and boosting. He showed the need of a stronger organization, not only to insure greater returns for wool, but to reach and encourage more shepherds with improved methods, ,, improved sheep, and more profit through eco- nomic production, ‘ The following officers were elected. forthe ensuing year: , i ’ President. ,E. G.. Read, Richland. Wetter-dent, Amqs .-Wslch.~I,on1a. .. . Sgcerr‘eas, V. A. Freeman,. Entity listing"? ', 7 ,. . 7 91+ . . "\ ' “ rt‘r}. J. . w James Barn Equipment For James makes barn work easy- » * The task is not too great for children’s strength. Carriers and trucks make a boy’s job of cleaning barns and feeding cows. Drinking cups save time, make milk yields bigger, do away with bothersome tank heaters. ‘ of Mich. I have '15 beautqu register- TOTI‘IB Kids ed Hams-hire and Shropshire ewes that will have lambs this spring. I wish to sell them to. you and buy. back the ram lambs next fallnt‘n mighty mood rice. Start now in a small way. Liberty Bonds to on; \ rite at once for particulars. . KOPL KON FARM. S. L. Wing, Owner. Kinderhook. Mich. SHROPSHIRE SHEEP We have about bl) owes in lamb for sale. of. best breeding. Rezistered. , ‘ HARRY ESAIER, Seedsman. ‘ 109-111 E. Ottawa 8t... Lansing, Mich. ' 2 years old in 00d condi- 80 Breedmg Ewes tion will lumlg) in April must he sold the; month. ALMOND B. CHAPMAN. So. Rockwood, Mich. 1‘ Carriers pay a profit of labor, increase milk yields, ‘5 25 fli—drinkingcups 200%. improve cow health. , And so with other James Also about barn plan- .quipment—stalls, stan- ning, plank frames, venti- chions, scrapers, steel pens, lation, easy ways of putting vontila tors, bull staffs, in stalls, carriers and pens. swinging cranes. . Write for book today; “The James Way’L—a State number cows owned, . .FREE BOOK —--tells all and . whether you intend about inventions that save building or remodeling. j James Macs scalar;- as o ., Bred Reg. Shrop. Ewes t 3 rec. o able For saledn’lt‘e also ewe lambs. a q n . ‘ . F". MOUSER, R. 6. Ithaca, Mich. Nothin to offer ShYOPShire Shea? before une 1-1919 ARMSTRONG BROS. R Fowler-ville. Mich: When Writing to Advertisers, Please .say “I Saw Your Ad. in The Michigan ‘Farmer”. ‘ ’ 3". ., ' furStnck UWIIEIS During the irrunediate future the stock~ owners of America win enioy the greatest money-making opportunity of a generation. world-shortage of animal products. Food Administration repert that the flocks There is an acute The investigators of the U. S. and herds of Europe -are so reduced that they must be kept for breeding purposes in order to make good these losses. flmerr’ca must supply the hungry nations with animal foods. This insures a ready market and good prices until Europe's animal-population is restored. Pratts - Animal Regulator will help every American stool: grower "speed up" every producing animal and secure his full share of this profitable growth and production and reduces feeding costs. convincingly demonstrated by leading stock growers during the business. It increases This fact has been fifty years since the original Pratts was placed on the market. Its regular use overcomes the evil ellects of heavy feeding, confinement and Incl: of exercise. dern methods of stock production. conditions which sol necessity accompany mo stool: of all lrinds healthy and vigorous, destroying disorders. It Ireeps and prevents losses horn the common profit- Cive Pratts to your horses,-cattle, sheep and hogs and watch your profits growl " Give it a careful test at our rislr. Our dealer in your town has instructions to supply Preparations under our square-deal guarantee—' 1 you with Pram 'Your money back if YOU are not oatr‘sfisd"—the guarantee that Ira-«toot! fog-early fifty years. Write for Pratls Stock Book-FREE PRATT FOOD COMPANY Philadelphia Chicago as O " Toronto FEEDING HOGS'; THEN HERE IS WHAT YOU WANT! Ask your dealer for DIAMOND HOG MEAL Made from the nutritious hearts of corn kernels Write to C. FRANCIS, 909 Ford Building, Detroit, for sample, literature and particulars MICHIGAN LIVE STOCK . INSURANCE COMPANY INDEMNIFIES Owners of Live Stock — Horses, Cattle, Sheep and Hogs Against Death by Accident or Disease SAGINAW GRAND ramps 33 GRATIOT COUNTY 33 HOLSTEIN BREEDERS CONSIGNMENT SALE AT ALMA, 1 o’clock P. M., MARCH, 19th, 1919 29 Females mostly I to 5 yrs. old. Tuberculin Tested. Excellent breeding. fine Individuals. Fisbeck in box. Catalogs ready March 0 th. held under cover. Col.Perry Anon. F.J. Sale Address CLARENCE MUSCOTT, Breckenridge, Mich. BREEDERS’ mnrcronr Change of Copy or Cancellations much reach us Ten Days before date of publication WE HAVE A FEW ABERDEEN ANGUS cows with calves at foot,and rebred to IMPORTED “EDGAR OF DALMENY” Mich. Grand Champion Angus Bull. Also have four extra fine Angus ibulls of serviceable age. “ BEST OF BREEDING ” and at a price to sell. WILDWOOD FARMS, 323:: W. E. SCRIPPS, Prop. SIDNEY ISMITH,Supt. WOODCOTE ANGUS Established is 1900. TROJAN-ERICAS and BLACKBIRDS (llsclrcaps). Breeders and feeders of many Interna- tional winners. . Choice Young Bulls For Sale _ WOODCOTE STOCK FARh'I, Tonia. Mich. ' Aberdeen Angus. Seven bulls from eight , , to twelve months old. Plenty of a to host of breeding. rlcee reasonable. Come and see them. Inquire F. J. WILBER, Clio. Mich. _ 'v 4300:1611wa Bred rows, heifers and 5e" 1 r. 'a' . l r b . , GEOHA ”tut arson. nilvitl'gMich. . l For Sale Registered fiuemsey- Bull Gov. Chene Golden Noble 6: May Rose breedl 11$. Tubercular tested by state Halcyon Sequel born 191‘ Great grandson of Gov. Cherie sires and grand sires are all A. R. breeding. Price 5250 F0. B Avondalcs Hope born Mar. 25, 1917. Sire Halcyon Sequel Dnm Gertrude or Halcyon. Farm price $15!) F.O.B.Luelln's Duke of Avondale born Jan. 1, 1918 Sire Lord Sunrise Dam Luella‘s Maid. Prices $10.) F.O.B. Avondales Hero born Jan.'10. 1918. Slre Halcyon Se uel Dam Serena or Pitxsncld. Price $200 F.O.B.Avon ales Joy born Feb. 8, 1918. Sire Halcyon Sequel Dam Wrinkle or Plttsfleld. Price $125 F.O.B. Avondales Mark born Apr. 9. 1918. Sire Lord Sunrise. Dam Popular Polly. Price 5100 F. O. 13. Come and look our herd over. AVONDALE STOCK FARM. Wayne, Mich. . . Registered Guernseys Bulls, and Bull Calves. good enough for any breed— ing at prices you can av. J. M. “ILlflAMS. North Adams, Mich. GUERNSEYS must reduce hard. so ofler a few chorce females of Glenwood breeding also bulls. all stock of A. R. bread- ln herdtuberculintestod. T.%.HICKB. - - - - Battle Creek, nich. G U E R N S EY Sigfflgiiirii‘i Containin blood of world champions. HICKS'GUERN BY FARM. Saginaw. W. S. Mich~ For Sale 5 lI‘idegister Geifr‘r‘rsey co‘iws fig. Re co co 1 aensoon-w ' , JO N thrills. n.2,. Holland. Mich. Grade Heifer Calves—Registered Bull Gflemseys Calves: write our requirements ’~ WALTER PHIPPS FARM, A'ltrod St.Détroit,Mioh.’ Bull calf: he is a fight , individual and well‘brod, will sell forward“; im’recordgl'ln buyer shame. ' ‘ . HN D. WILEY, c carer-numeral. ,» ,f\' g WEIGHT PLUS QUALITY. HEN the feeder goes to market , he finds that the premium prices are offered for the quality/which his consignment may or may not carry. He observes a very considerable range between the. values offered for the “steers, or whatever the shipments rep- resent, that have‘ the something that is called quality, and those that lack this desirable possession. If he follows this up he will find that it is the pres‘ ence of good breeding that has created this quality. He will find that the larger the percentage of good breeding the more evident the quality. The pure- bred sire has played his part, and if there are several generations of pure- bred sires of the pure-bred standard ' the quality will be all the more pro- nounced. Then there is the matter of weight that increases the cash return. This harks back to the pure-bred sire also, and when this weight is combined with quality there is a double advantage to the seller as he receives more per pound and more pounds. It is fre- quently the case that all of the profit is wrapped 'up in these added pounds and the quality. Many amsllipper has journeyed homeward minus a. single dollar of profit, in fact often sustaining an actual loss", just for the lack of that quality and the extra pounds. It is an old story—and a true one. There are times when a feeder can put in a. load or more of inferior bred cattle and make a profit, but that is because he bought them,low—~too low for the producer’s welfare. It is the producer who is chiefly concerned about the presence of quality and ade- quate weight. He is the one who prof- its when these are present and loses when they are lacking, and he is the one who can provide both. It is upto the producer to see that his standard corresponds with the requirements of the market. It costs money now to grow an animal to maturity. It costs money to finish an animal for the mar- ket whether as baby beef or at any older age. There must be a response on the part of the animal that will off- set these increased costs. This re- sponsiveness is only assured byan ap- proach to the standard of the pure- bred which comes through the con- tinued use of pure-bred sires. There is nothing theoretical about this. The lesson is taught every day on every important market. There is only one way to safeguard the producer and that is in the adoption of higher stand- ards, and the nearer that standard ap- proaches the pure-bred type the more certain the prOfit of the grower. Count the cost of things, Mr. Cattle- man, that have a part in the mainte- nance of your herd and the finishing of your beeves.' Whether it is feed, labor, land, or any other item—it is higher. ' Not lung ago a load of well-bred Shorthorn steers sold on the open mar-j ket at Chicago'for $20.50 per hundred weight because they were well bred and adhered to the well bred ~--type. Because of this they finished well. If these were marketed by their producf or there is no denying that lie/had a. considerable profit. ”Previous/to that a load or twd‘ of Montana range-bred steers went onto the Chicagoimarket at $18, a record range price. 'They were by pure-bred Shorthorn bulls and had both‘ the weightjjane inequality desired. ” They both count, ,"Theyare the scurcesvof "profit. r-It . takes them both to make adequate Jeturii'j's.” .filt calls for the purebred 13le "that .Will ago my: supply both. * ’WHITE SCOUR8~ " acaoKLec 7 Your Veterinarian can stamp them out with Cutter’a Anti-Calf _; Scour Serum and ,Cutter’s Germ Free Blackleg' ,Filtrate and Aggressin, ‘ ' or Cutter’s Blackleg'Pills. Ask him about them. If he hasn’t our literature, write to us for information on these products. The Cutter Laboratory Berkeley, Cal., or Chicago, Ill. k "The Laboratory That Knows How" I -Send Me u r Nme And Address and I’ll send you, FREE 5:! _ - charge and Without. any oblrggon on your part abjg sample of my wonderful'heahng compound—the you ever used for hornea' Sore Necks, Collar Bails. 80 Tests n Cowl. Scratch re 0 any kind. So 8 lit Hoots. es, onnds or Laseerationa of FREE “""P" CORONll m“ lo: 0! VAT will enable Wynn to grove its merits. f CORONA 00!. F T is penetrst- mg and soothin —does not smart ' or_ blister an quickly heals Without. leaving a scar Send for free sample box today. c. O. PHILLIPS. President The corona Mfg. Go. 13’ Corona Block. more. This Re ' te ed G ernse Bull A. R. For sale stogiks. l’rices iiight. y 8' EGGLESTON & \VILKINS )N. Parma, Mich. The Traverse Herd We have what you want in BULL CALVES, the large fine growthy type. guaranteed right in every way. They are from high producing Alt. 0. ancestors. Dam's records up to 30 lbs. Write for pedigrees and quotations. stating about age desired. - TRAVERSE CITY STATE HOSPITAL Traverse City, Mich. Top- Notch The young bulls we have for sale are backed up by many generations of . large producers. ,Buy one of these bulls, and give your herds. “pus ."- Full descriptions, prices,etc. on request. McPherson Farms Co., Howell, Mich. “Winwood Her ’.’ ‘ REGISTERED Holstein - Friesian Cattle Sire in Service FLINT MAPLECREST BOY His sire is Masleorest Korndyrro Hengerveld. Bis three nearest ams each over 30le. ot'butter in '1 days. His dam and granddnm bo of butter in one year. It. is the lookin for to deliver the good Fl at Ma lecrost Boy's am is Gluck Vassar Bel 30.57 lbs. 0 butter .11 ’1 days and 121 lbs. in 30 days. nei- butter fat test is 5.27. This looks about, right. tothe man who goon to the creamer . We have bull calves from 2 weeks to_12 months 0 d. From A. B. 0. dams and sired by Flint Maplecrest Bar which we will sell atadal farmers price breed ng considered. Just. thinkfi more cows to freshen which means more bull calves. Let us know your wants. We will make terms on approved notes. ' JOHN H. WINN, Inc. Lock Box 249. mmon Mich. Reference Roscommon State Bank. Registered and high grade Holsteins. Eight cows from three to el ht. yr. old some fresh others " freshen in Feb. an Mar. from 30 lb. Hire, others bred ilia all}; sire good dairy cows. Will sell one or e erg . . ‘HENRY 8. ROHLFSf B. 1, Akron, Mich. ' egmtemd Holstein Bull calves from A.R.0i.oows u R 0 29.82 lbs. utter in '7 dnvs. randsons i th bull. . a. H. GIDDI‘NG ,. . eomgvnieifi‘chmfi. :6 as above cost. of feed for Feb. from milk fresh l A rll 20.1 e 29 molest. 4.5!: dau. of Pontiac aid 30. lb.due ay toilfilb.son‘of afile Omar. Kern. Ions. 900 terms. M. L. McLAULIN, edlord, Mich. BULL CALVES ., _ . Maplesids _ , Korndyke No. 112849. The sire’s dar‘n at 2%. years. grand- dam at 3%; years. and great grand-dam have s mi-ofiicral records averaging'sfl 'lb. butter in 1 car. Dams otcalves have A.-B.,O. records up to 19.23 lb. butter in 7 days.“ Write for breeding and prices. : . PEACELAND. TOOK FARM "éi‘iaa'wwsa’cmfimm , THE , HOISTEINS ~ 9: windsurfing . t - ‘ and not one reactor." '- ' ll» 0 r .5! 313m; biotin“ made overlmlbs. yearily cow we are . r 4 i ! ‘ ‘J O i e . l i Q to .3 s . c i i. if? -.. 5 i" k l , i ’0 ' .‘ EmismiIEszsouth ’ Innis. ‘ Visitors - 7 ‘ MliARWOQBJon-ieuich. \ ‘ anmmom; ; . ,. g . . i ' N , M. ”w E FORDS ‘ ‘ 't cost in chto ;. ,._ Luresmnirs » . . - ' : . , “‘3“ Mud tinni- ‘ ' Both fl es. and all fies :for sale also horned and are ‘ .31. only :ngegl p 1:. :gidogtfilnilg'i: polled oils” in se a, (Warm), by” Prince ooar-to on wighgnumber (fwd-gradesfirad- Donald by Prime Lad 9th. ilitant Farmer by “A 5' "an“ m“ the "a ”s and rep ‘3‘" Imported Filmer. Fairfax Farmer by Militant “‘9'“ With ”ubmd" , ‘ Farmer. Dam by Perfection Fairfax. Grade up your herd .with a sdrebi‘ed Holstein sire. Then when you‘re satis ed that th ok on 11 feel like at in e t tr“ 1 y 8 . 8 a few cows. Any '9 sin does the work of two own-WOO"- _ . - ' V B b 4940 t h d. . , n W '“ Hereford; sackriifrf‘hie. 31th:: Bffdpgnef'or IN C ATT LE horned any "h' Priced right. EARL o. McOABTY. HOL ST Sec y. . B. Ass n. Bad Axe, Mich. . Bend for our .boo til—they contain much valuable tutor-mat on. HOLSTEIN FRIESlAN ASSOCIATION OF Brattlsbors, Vt. AMERICA, 30! 164, CLUNi STOCK FARM loo-.REGISTBRBD Hons'rnmsmoo When. you needs herd sire remember that we have-onset the best herds in Michigan. kept un- der strict sanitary conditions. Every individual over 6 mos. old regularly tuberculin tested. We have size. quality. and production records back- ed by the best strains oi breeding. - Write us our 'wants. a. sauce Mcrusilson. Howell, Mich OAK LAWN FARM The Home Of The Holsteins A few young bulls for sale out of 20 to 2:) lbs. Dam and their sire inbred in the Purple. D. D. Dutcher. R. 3. Owasso. Mich. Phone 891-136. 3 pure bred ll ' t ' male calves at farmers prices. ' 0 s “n I‘Iolsteig calvgs tron‘i dame?) livin ‘3. nbovefoo lb. . of mi k r ay an one a )OVB is. _ai.~ung e- “ $31109 of one $40.00 and two at $0.00 each. a l .s on] . . $.33: Sweyet, 2% miles north of: Birmingham, Mich. Re tered Holstein bull calf. Born Dec- F" S". 18 18,‘ ‘mostly whit}. Dam dam. of a 24.13 lb. cow, write for rice. Delivered. I have another yearling. E. E. STURGIS. St. Johns, Mich. 3 is t a be sin. A few young bull oalvesfrom For highéprodnc‘l‘n stock. Buy one of these fine cal- ves and raise a bull or next fall. A. F. - - O,wosso. Mich. A ' - . accepted in payment of finely bred reg- istered Holstein bull calves. $60.11” prices within reach of all. rite. - - - - Vassar. Mich. l Bond list: of the best and at one. D. chassis. .1310]- wine. 1106. ich. ’ Pedl ree Stock Farm otters R Parham 8 steing cattle Chester White t ha i i cal eoandfall igs. sunshine on ra rgns n I'LVB. PABHAEI. Bronson. ' and hi grade Holsteins two but] Registered calves gwill marked age live months and under. Will sell one or the two W. D. BRINKM ALLEN BROS.,Paw Paw,Mich. I. S'HURTHORNS BIDWELI. ... ....... Registered bulls. cows and heifers-630d Scotch and Scotch-Topped for sale. In prime con ition. Modern Farm 10 minutes from N. Y s nita ul ment. . . a r, N p Automobile meets depot. 1 hour from Toledo. Ohio. all trains. Write BlDWELL STOCK FARM, Box B. Tecumseh. Mich. Richland Farms Shorthorns Home of the Mich. Champions. We have just purchased the entire herd of Scotch cattle be- longing to the Estate of the late A. D. Flintom. Kansas City. Mo. About Feb. lst. we will offer a choice lot of young bulls for sale. C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS, Ofiice at Tawas City, Mich. Farms at Prescott. Mich. Shorihorn Cattle oi both So): iorSale W. W. KNAPP. Bowen. Michigan. 8h fl. Scotch and‘Scotch Topped cows and heif- or 0m: ers. priced right. Come and see them or write W. B. hlcQUILLAN. R.’l, Howell. Mich. Shorthorns of Quality Scotch and For sale ScOtch To ped descendentsofAi-chers Hope. Avondalo.‘ Maxw ton Sulton and White Hall Salton h the Oscola Co. Bhorthorn Breeders Ass. JOHN S HMID'I‘. Sec. Reed City. Mich. Bulls ready ior service oi the choic- est breeding. Write me you wants. R. 4.. Deckervilie. Mich. Shorthorn A. A. PATTULLO. Sliorthorn. A fine lot of youn ibulls for SCOtCh sale. Phone Pontiac 715F3 or )rlon Ex- change. John Lesslter &Sons., R. 1, Clarkston, Mich. 2 yr.nld Scotch herd bull sired by Val- For sale iant 387ml. 21 Les edeza Farm product. LAURENCE P. 01‘ ‘0. Charlotte, Mich. AN. R. 2. Fairgrove. Mich. dnndies at Reg.Holstein Bull Calves ,5.) .93.... del. J. ROBERT HICKS. St. Johns. Mich, Reg. Holstein b ll. 17 months old. For sale from a. 30.&i lb. s‘lre & a 27.13 lb. dam. '1‘. B. GILKES. Howell. Mich. ' Holstein bull 1:» mo. old perfect indi- Ragweed vidnal, 36 white. 30 lb. Pontiac breeding. Price onlySlng delivered. B. B. Reavey. Akron, Mich. IF you Just want to‘ fkeep a cow" any cow will do. ’ But if you want thrifty cows that will conse’ve ‘ Iced; that will show real proilt every day oi the year. you must have Jerseys. They & can advertise gtheiéo breeds : , can' one s ”gt. Ls't Wind-Ibo facts. 'trse. write to Brendon (or prices and pedigrees. m AMERICAN JWV CATI'LI own 346 West 23rd smut New York cup Maple Lane R. of M. Jersey herd. Bulls. bull cal. Myers? err ““35. is“ is. a “first? s amp n. p e's use. so .. . Cookerele. both coma. Irwin Fox. Allegan. Mich. illslde Farm Jerseys. oil'er 3yearli bulls. backed H b tests dams. and sired by a (knife grandson of Boy Meaty. first prise a junior champion at Mich. Bts.e Fair.good individuals. on 0.Deaks.rpsunti. such BUTTER snap meantime . ORYB’IAL’ SPRING STOCK F M. Silver» Creek. Allegan County. Michigan. JERSEY BULLS ' Ready for service FOR SALE WATEBMAN s WATERMAN, Ann Arbor. Mich. .The Wildwood Jersey Farm. Bulls for sale b Majesty's Oxford Fox 134214 and Em- inent Lady: crest 150934, and out of R. of M. Ma- )esty dams. A VIN BALDEN. Capac. Mich. LI£$EIP$$V§J°MWKYPW b.3312”. ills“ {05 . .cows. ' ew ere COLON o. LILLIE, Oooplersvilele, Milli. cows. ' Jersey cattle for snle7mllch ow .2 fresh B'mslu‘d 1 duetc calf. 2 two car olds.c TySvo yearl‘ mgs, 2 1918 Springcalves one 19 cell. . n. .DsnimLL. 'Lake Odessa. Mich. Registered J For Sale for service undergg 1 02112;: SMITH & PARKER. R. 4, Howell, Mich. ‘ Strong in the bio d f Lakewood Hereford: um... 4..., the gala, that breeds true to type and predominates the leading ready show lgaggrm‘oll‘dhe countrya A few high Iglass u" . me see. . :‘djoins town. Gite. Phone an compare arm E. J. TA 'Iion. Fremont. Mich. -. Michigan Herefords ' ,REPEATORS AND PERFECTIONS, ¥oung stock-for sale at all times. 80' head in herd, all es. I ' 8m Bulls ready for service. One herd bull 4 years old. W. F. BARR. Aloha, Mich. Five Shoiihorn Stockers & Feeders For Sale 18) Shorthorn Steers ave. 1065 lbs. 1'70 Hereford Steers ave. 96) l . 2 cars of yearling Hercfords ave. 750 lbs. 2 cars of Shorthoru yearlings reds and-mans. These steers are dehornod and in good fle‘séri. t’YBVapello Co. Ia. noted for its good cattle. JOHN CARROW, ii. 3, Ottumwa. Ia. Clay bred young bulls Milking Shorthoms 3 h, 10 ’nnnthg Old, DAVIDSON & HALL. Tecumseh. Mich. Rosemary Farms. “'illiamston. hiich. young bulls ready for service. Slim-thorns bred for milk & beef. Herd estub. by Prof. C.H.Burgcss. Mich. Agrl.College. Shorthoms sale. Write Central Mich.Shorthorn Breeders Asso. oiler 37 bulls all ages. 11 females for Oscar Skinner. 890.. Gowen. Mich. ’ No stock for sale at present. Imlay City, Mich. Shorthorn Breeder CHAS. WARNER. Jr. 100 head to select. from. “'rite. me your wants. price reasonable. Wm. J. BELL. Rose City, Mich. Shorthorns The Kent Co.Shcrthorn Breeders have both males and females for sale. Ask about them. L. E. LEONARD Sec. Caledonia. Mich. Bulls only Clay Milking Shorthorns hm. O. M. YORK. Millington. Mich. hale For Sale i’mmiki’vi“ ‘ix'fliidifii;.f§‘iiitas.m °° ISAAC SHANSTROM. Fairfield. Iowa. WRITE for description and price of a 7 mo. old Grandson oi‘ the $50.000bull. . lsoafiranddnughter of Komdykc Butter 03‘. Bred to free on Aug. 21.19. Breeder of reg.stock only. H.E.Brownjresdsviiiejich. HOGS Big Grthhy Berkshires W. H. EVERY, , DUROC OPPORTUNITY Michigan Breeders and Farmers prefer to buy Duroc Jerseys at private rather than public sale. For the first time in live years we are able to offer as many as 40 bred sow and gilts private. 1y. Same blood lines and bred to some prize win- ning boars as our sale stock. Prices are in keeping with the individualit and breeding of the offer;— ing. send for sale l st. If you need a boar We have them. > BROOKWATER FARM, Ann Arbor, Michigan EER-BWRT w. MUMFORD Ownel‘: J. Bin: 12 announces. Manager. 3 yearling boars, registe . bianchester. Mich. -...i...a 1...... cm. Descendants of the. leadin‘ strains: Cher King, Detendzr, Kinalo‘t Cal's.N e Professor. al bred to 00!. gender 93th. 0. 123705, his sire, Psl's Pro- mier l. ’1‘. No. 8102!. Dam Royal Defendrem No. 23158). one of the most promising herdboars in Mich- igan. Prices reasonable. Write for prices and tur~ t or informa tion. . ~ THE JENNINGS FARMS. Ii. 1, Bailey. Mich. bred sows and 50 fall pigs. You need alitter bv Orinn's Fancy King the bi pig of his a e ever at Interna- tiona fat stock s ow. Aiming to is all. NEWTON BARNHA '1'. St. Johns. M'ich. OAKWOOD FARM A few choice sows bred for Mar. and April furrow. Al- so Bui! Plymouth Rock Cockarels at $2.50 each. RUSH. BROS, Romeo. Mich. . ROGuJERSEVS E. D. HEYDENBERK. Wayland, Mich. D‘UROC J ERSEYSi Gllts bred for June furrow of the heavy boned type also fall pigs either sex pairs not akin. F. J. DRODT. R. 1, Monroe, Mich. ‘ . DU Duroc Jerseys. A few choice ilts bred to Brook- water King chciul 11146 . (A full brother to Brookwater Lass D.the grand champion sow ut the 1918 International). Garey U. l‘ldmonds. Hastings. Mich Duroc Jersey Saws, digit iii’.°r.."fi:¥ boar. JOS. SCHUELLER, Weidman. Mich. E‘OR Sale Durbc Jerseys of the big boned type ifall pigs of either sex and taking orders for h‘pl‘lng‘luga. CHAS. R . AY. Okemos, ich. O . Hampshires 3311321313? a bargain bred gilts JOHN W. SNYDER. R. 4, St. Johns, Mich. ' The International Grand Cham- Hampshire Hogs pion Hog of 8. both sexes for sale 8 r5 'n deliveries booked now. ELI SPRU (11$in a son Saginaw. w. 3., Mich. 0. l. C. Bred Gilts All Sold. E. W. MANN. Dunsville. Mich. s Poland Chinas. Choice lot early fall igs now ready to ship. Double Clyde Weaver, Ceresco, Mich. Mammoth Immunie. Inquire urge type Poland China's breed gilts all sold. Full pigs of either sex forsnle. Sired by 800 lb. yearling. A. A. FELDKAAIP. lVlanchester. lVlich. MICK. Champion herd of Big Type P.C.Nothing for sale but full pigslziordem booked for s ring pigs. . LEONARD. St. Ouis. Mich. HAVE started thousands of breeders on the road to success. I can help you. I. want to lace one be from in every community where am not air has nearly developers WI“. 1* N plan—‘ ' More K m, I. I. mam, ELF, D. 10' Portland, Michigan LIarch and April pigs in pairs or trios from prize win- Chesters, niug stock prices ileasonable satisfaction guaranteed. . VV . ALEXANDER. Vassar. Mich. Originators o! the Famous _ O. l. C. Bogs Breed The Best rss WORLD seeps LARGE FAT HOGS ‘0 Why lose money heading r ‘ '6 and feeding scrub hogs Two of our 0. l. C. Begs Weighed 2 B 0 6 Pounds. We are the most extensive breeders and shippers of pure bred hogs in the world. Write today for the true story of the real 0. l. C. Hogs. All foreign shipments U. 5. Government inspected W3 lli‘avc bred the 9. l. 0.5%) grill“ 1883 In avenever 09 D . or any other contagious ‘sesse.c . e" - WRITE ~TODAY— " FOR FREE BOOK ' - The Hot from Birth to Sale" THE L. B. SILVER C0. ' 196 Heights Temple Bldg. “El/BLANK). 0310 THE WORLD’S CHAMPION big ty‘fe 0.1.C'B. Stock of all ages for sale. Herd heads by Galloway Edd. the World 8 Champion 0. I. C. boar assisted by C. C. Schoolmaster. Grand Cham- Larsé “alleles ‘ ‘- 0- 1. C- Effifeht‘. . Rockford, Mich gums old. 0. J. mourners, . O I. O. Gilts bred for summer furrow and a few fall 0 boar pigs any of them od enou h toship. C.O.D.' F. ~(l. BURG ‘88, R. S, Mason, Mich. 0 l a Giltsto furrow in March and April. Also 9 ' fall figs either sex. CLOVER th‘A s‘i‘ocn nan. Monroe. Mich. 2 last. July and 4 last Sept. ’ o. I' C. s boar-1. good growthy fellows. Farm )5 mile west of Depot. OTTO B. SCHl.'LZE. Nashville. Mich. FRANCISCO FARMS SHORTHORNS——POLAND CHINAS Three choice heifers and a few young cows to offer. Also line good gilts bred for late s‘prlngi’urrcw. Prices are attractive. P. P. POPE. Mt. Plesant. Mich. We have been breeding Big ‘- Forll 25 Years Type. Poland China hogs 0f the most. approved blood lines. (lu 1' new hen] boar ' “Michigan usier" is a n ighty good son of the rent “Giant Buster". dnui “Momv's Miss Queen 2“. .nme breeding! “e are all sold out except a few fall p ,4 at $30.00 eaCh. J. C. lilf'l'LEl . Portland. .\ ich. Big Type Poland Chinas A 400 lb. Aug."39. yearling and a few 250 lb. Apr. ilts. Quality stull’. regisim'ed. illlil cholera immune. lred for Mar. and pr. furrow. WESLEY HILE. R. 6. Ionia. Mich. I P c bred gilts sold. For stile herd boar prospect 17 mo. ' - old. war. 60') lb. with quality. sire Buster Giant. 269593. dam Nenio L. 548940 an Kill lb. sow in flesh. Sire sold for lewn'iced reasonable. Free Livery from Parma. l-.. LIVINGSTON. Parma, hiich. ' ‘ ' with quality. For Blg POland Chlnas Halo. summer and fall gilts. Opi'n or li‘ (‘1. A i ed. . BAI'MGARDNER, R. 2. h‘Iiddleville, Mich. l’. C. A few gills bred for April J: hIay far- ' row at bargains to close them out at once. H. 0. SW'Ali'J‘Z, Schoolcruft, hlich. L.S Big type P. C. i‘zill boars the big prolifice kind. their breeding traces to the best herd in Ill. loun.& Nob. C. 1‘3. GARNANT. Eaton Rapids, l\li(‘h. Large Type PC. boars all sold. Sprin gilts and young tried sows. bred for March and Anti furrow. Free livery from Augusta. 'W.J.Hagelshaw. Augustajlich. Big Type P. C. A. A. WOOD & SON. boar and bred gilts. Choice Aug. pigs at n bargain. - - Saline, hiioh. Bi Type P. 0. Choice bred sows from Iowas greatest g herds. the bilfi bone rolific kind with size and quality. E. J. ATHE 'SON. Burr Oak, Mich. it“ all sold. Bred Inspection inti- Mich. ' Poland Ohinns. 8 ring boa Blg Tyne gilts ready for shl‘ ment. ted. L. L. CHAMBERLA N, Marcellus. Largo style best we ever owned. Satisfaction or no as e. R. W. MILLS. Saline, Mich. P.C.Bred Sows HORSES _ Pure Bred Belgian Draft Horses We have some extra. good Belgian Stallions for sale. comingthree and {our years old. They- are heavy. of good comformation and sound. You can see their sires and dams. They are raised in Michigan and acclimated. We have no agents on the road for which you or we would have to pay. You cannot buy them any better nor cheaper in the world. Our studs and mares carry the best blood Belgium has produced. We prove this by their pedigrees. We invite you to see our stock before buying. You can see them any day of the week Except Sunday. Write for particulars and catalog to the OWOSSO SUGAR COMPANY. Prairie Farm. Alicia. Mich. Saginaw Valley STOCK FARM Belgian and Percheron Stallions and Mares and registered Holstein Cattle. of the best breed. ing. for sale. Eli Sprunger & Son, Saginaw. 71.5.. Midi. or Sale Belgiun Stallion. if you want to buy a draft stallion you un- invited to see ibisliome and his colts, and our neighbors. W. J. Ql IGLEY, ll. ‘2, Grass Lake. Mich Horses Will Be Horses Soon We have on hand at all times a choice selection of young Percheron Stallions. PALMER BROS}i Balding, Mich. Clyde Stallion coming 3 years old. one Reg. Sircd by n Inilported Stallion wei ht 21.00 lbs. and out oi‘ imported l\ are weighing 1 . the mare won first at Michigan State. Fair 1916. This colt will make a 2000 lbs. home. Priced to sell. write or call at once. , / WM. I. CRANDELL. Cass City. hiich. . R. Orleans. ion boar of Michigau.Nsw York and 'l‘en " state airs. Also. 0. Giant Buster. undefeated Senior boar pig wherever shown and Grand Champion of Oh- lahoma state fair. Get our catalogue of Orandell's prize hogs. Cass City. Michigan. Shadowland Farm | o. I. C.’s ‘ 200 to 300 lbs. from prize win- Bred GlltS ning stock. A few fall year- imgs and 2 yr. old sows. big type. growthy boats of all ages. guaranteed as breeders. Everything shipped C. O. D. Ex ess aid and registered in buyers name. J.CAR JE ETT, Mason,Mich. O. l. C. sndChester White Swine 2:31;? secure ”an“. . M. W...“ s ' u a p gs. ese re as -an I thin better than any I ev r br‘ddgs 81 am ogne of the olgggt breeders of B Ty ‘ the U. 8. N MAN'S STOO FA M. R. l. Mariette. Mich. 8' H' for sale Clydesdale Sylvandcr's Favorite No. I W" (153th ism, weight about 1900 lbs. is in ood Rim e guaranteed in every way. an MC ntyrc. R. 1. Box .34. Sault Ste.Marie. Mich. 3 "Mule ‘2 5 FOR SALE _ 00““ rs. o d. Mr. FRANK O'l‘T. R. 2. Box 46A. IWayne. Mich. PERCHERON MARE Aged 4 yrs. bred to College Stallion fold this summer. Good mare. HARRY E. SAIER. Seedsman. 109-111 E. Ottawa St... Lansing. . Psrthsrons, llolsieins. lnggs, Shrogshim. nurses 0033 D. BUILL. lmira. ichilon. ‘ St in n d mates “reason Percheron rice; luggctfloninvlted. ‘0.” F. L. KING l 80!}: - ‘ - - Chartlot-te. Mich. Black Percheron stulll in. foal 191. w F0! 31'. um. good individual. colts to 30mm“..- tr Would soce t 0' ‘ " him, serviceable boars. Yeariln .. I. C. a m: I a. ._ musty d!" ”5°“ ‘3."“....tt.‘iiizi filling. Mien: 1 ’ ‘ BM” ”gesgagiflsgglwws Liberty. Bonds or on > . .4 J. 1.. seems .1: son. Plugkneuy'. Mich. , m:r E u’n 'I'l l'lo ' '- iu‘ l - L235. “all: ._._.——_...- .__.- _. SECOND EDITION. _The markets in this edition were re- VIsed and corrected on Thursday after- noon, March 13. WHEAT. The grain markets opened strong this week, due largely to the report that heavy shipments of food stuffs are to be made to central Europe. As a. result wheat buying was a little more active,lalthough prices are unchanged. The federal report states that 58.7 per cent of the 1918 wheat crop has been shipped out of the counties where grown, as compared with 51.1 per cent in 1917 and 56.7 per cent in 1916. The recent snow promises to be of consid‘ erable aid to the growing crop. One year ago wheat sold on the local mar- ket at $2.17 per bushel. The visible supply decreased the past week 2,690,- 000 bushels. Present Detroit prices are as follows: No.2red ...... .........$2.30 No.2 mixed ..... 2.28 No. 2 white ....... . . . . . 2.28 CORN. With the announcement that 1,250,- 000 tons of 1918 crops will be sent to Germany, corn values advanced and remained firm at the higher figures. The government report was also bul- lish in showing only 884,000,000 bush-‘ els of the 1918 crop remained on farms as compared with 1,253,000,000 bu. of the 1917 crop on hand a year ago. The removal of the guarantee on hog pric- es did not have the depressing effect on corn that was anticipated. A year ago corn sold on our local market at 1.78 for No. 2. The United States visible supply decreased 472,000 bush- els during the week. Present Detroit prices are: ‘ No. 3 corn ............. $1.45 . 3 yellow ............ 1.48 . 4 yellow ............ 1.45 . 5 yellow ............ 1.42 . 6 yellow ............ 1.40 No. 3 white 1.47 The Chicago market was active this week and higher as follows: No. 3 yellow $1-43Gl,1-45i No. 4 yellow $1.40 @1.43; May corn $1.40%; July $1.35%. OATS. Although buying has not become gen- eral, conditions surrounding the gen- eral grain trade have been reflected in higher prices being quoted for oats. \Vhile buying is in moderate volume, deliveries from farms are also small and the United States visible supply for the week shows a decrease of 211,- 000 bushels. A year ago the Detroit Board of Trade quoted standard oats at 991,4;c per bushel. Present Detroit prices are: Standard ...... . .......... 65 No. 3 white ....... 641/3 No. 4 white ........., ..... 631A; Another advance comes in rye prices due to the active buying of exporters. At Detroit cash No. 2 rye is now sell- ing,at $1.46 per bushel. BARLEY. A better demand brings about higher prices for this grain. Large quantities of barley are being substituted for mill feed. Local quotations are: Cash No. 3 $1.90; No. 4 $1.85 per cwt. BEANS. This market continues dull and weak. Prices at local country eleva- tors did not respond generally to the recent sale of 350 cars to the United States Grain Corporation at $9.25 per bushel at Michigan country points. It is noted from the Bureau of Markets . reports that 415 tons of foreign beans were received in Seattle last Friday. The Detroit. Board of Trade quotes im- mediate and prompt shipment at $7.00 per cwt. At Grand Rapids mediums and pea beans are quoted at $66,650, mostly at $6. In New York Michigan pea beans of best grades are quoted at $7657.50, and the best red kidneys at $11.50. In Boston Michigan pea beans, choice, are jobbing at $7.50'@7.75, and the same. price obtains atPhiladelphia. Chicago trade rules firm with an active demand for prime stock. Medium» 7 .‘grades of .pea- beans are quoted at $7 ' - @735; fancy stock sharply higher. . PriCes are steady.'at”‘last Week's re- ' duped quotations £3 follows: Bran Mist-andard ~- f ings $424: fine mid-- (lungs $47; , coarse corn 'meal 57; , .v.. :u an. gram ,4 . othy $5. prime c "'1' cracked corn $58; chopped feed $49 per ton in 100-1b.‘ sacks to jobbers. SEEDS. Higher as follows: Prime red clover 26.25; March $26; alsike $19.75; tim- HAY. The hay market is steady with 'sup- plies limited. No. 1 timothy $27.50@” 28; standard timothy $26.50@27; No. 2 timothy $25.‘50@26; No. 1 clover at $24.50@25. . Pittsburgh—This market is unchang- ed with all grades of hay arriving'i’n small quantities. Quotations are: 0. 1 timothy $30@30;50; No. 2 tim'othy at $27.50@28.50; No. 1 lightmixed $28@ 29; No. 1 clover mixed $28.50@29; No. 1 clover $28@28.50. P OTATOES. Although prices are changed very little, some improvement is noted in the demand and movement. At Detroit Michigan stock U. S. grade No. 1 sold Monday at $2.60 per 150-lb. sack. Grow- ers up state are receiving at warehous- es from $1 @115 per cwt. for the same grade. At Cleveland this grade of Michigan stock is selling at $1.85 per cwt; at Buffalo $1.75@1.85; at Phila- delphia $1.70@1.80; at New York $2.75 @285 per 150-lb. sack; at Pittsburgh $2.65@2.75; at Columbus $2.75. The Chicago trade is steady at $1.60@1.75 for the best U. S. No. 1 stock. BUTTER. Prices generally are a fraction high- er than those obtaining a week ago. Receipts are about normal and demand? fairly good. At Detroit fresh cream- eries are now jobbing at 57@57%c. At Chicago creamery stock ranges at 4865580,; at New York 57@61%c, and at Philadelphia western creamery ex- tra grade 61c. ,- EGGS. , Eggs are selling at lower levels wit fresh firsts in new bases at 890, and extra firsts in new cases 391/50. Chicago trade is paying 38@)381/2c for fresh firsts and 37%@380 for ordi- nary firsts. In New York the market is unsettled with fres hextras at 43(0) 431,12c; regular packed 42@421/;c; firsts 401,{2@411/2c. In Philadelphia market is lower with western extra firsts and firsts at $12@12.15 per case. ~ ”POULTRY.- , _ Trade inpoultry Continues steady at firm prices and offerings of moderately- small volume. Quotations for live are: No. 1, springs .32@33c; small springs 30@310; hens 34@35c; small hens at 31@320; roosters,23@24c; geese at 24 @25c; ducks 36@37c; turkeys 35@360. . WOOL , While, the average price paid for wools at a recent sale has indicated some weakness it should be noted that for certain grades, including the fleece wools, the mills are anxious for and are competing to get the stock. This was very apparent at the recent gov- ernment auctions held in Boston'and Philadelphia. Another series of sales is on in Boston this week where. 2,700,- 000. pounds of domestic fleece wool is to be offered on Friday. Other govern- ment sale dates are: Philadelphia on March 18-21, and Boston on March 25- 29. The attitude of buyers at these sales should give a fair idea on how the trade looks at the near future mar- ket for woolens. Read the report of the Columbus meeting in another col- umn of this issue. At that meeting it was shown that the world stocks of wool are short. Growers should not misinterpret the announCement of the English War Board that “issue wool prices” are being reduced on and after April 1, since these reductions are made possible by lower transportation and insurance rates. . ' DETROIT CITY MARKET Business is small with an active de- mand for apples, potatoes, eggs, poul- try and onions. Appleprices range from $2@3.50 per bushel; potatoes at 50c@$1; cabbage at $1.25@1.75; navy beans 6@7c per pound; poultry 32@ 34c; dressed pork 21@22c; country butter 52c. ' THE‘NEW YORK PRODUCE MAR- KE Butter.—The conditions in the mar- ket have been abnormal during the week. The harbor boatmen went on their second strike of the year on Tues- day, which c’ontinued until today, with the result that butter shipments have been held up over 'on the Jersey Side. It has been possible to get “some butter Live Stock Market Service _ Reports for Thursday, March 13th DETROIT Cattle. Receipts 2,573. Canners steady; all others 25@35c lower than last week’s close. Best heavy steers ........ $14.00 15.00 Best handy wt bu strs. .. 12.00 13.50 Mixed steers and heifers 10.50@11.50 Handy light butchers . . . . 9.50@10.50 Light butchers .......... 8.00@ 9.00 Butcher cows ........... 8.00 9.00 Cutters 7.25V 7.50 Canners 6.50@ 7.00 Best heavy bulls ........ 10.00@11.00 Bologna bulls 8.506) 9.00 Stock bulls ............. . 7.50@ 8.50 Feeders 9.00@11.00 Stockers 8.00@10.00 Milkers and springers . Veal Calves. Receipts 1,790. Good grades steady; common dull. Best ' $ 19.0 Others .................. $10.00@16.00 Sheep and Lambs. . Receipts 3,721. Medium and half-fat lambs dull; others steady. Best lambs ............. .$ 19.00 Fair lambs .............. 17.50@18.00 Light to common lambs. . .14.00@15.00 Fair to good sheep ...... 12.00@13.00 7.00@ 9.00 093. ' Market steady. _ Receipts 5,747. _ 18.00 Pigs Mixed too-ac nnnnnnnnnnn CHICAGO. ‘ J ’ ‘ Catt/tie. ' Receipts 9,000. Beef steers and she stuff is 15@250 higher;. and-feeders steady 10 13mins. 4690!! hoicc . steers “$16.75? common to medium butchers o ‘314.8‘5@18; wethers, ‘2 19.35_@19.5o 16.75; heifers $7.50@15.75; cows $7.25 @1550; bologna bulls $8.50@13.25v; canners and cutters $6@7.25; stockers and feeders, good $11.25((j15.25; do me- dium $8.25@11.25. Ho 3. Receipts 25,000; hgeld over 7,735. The market is mostly 25c lower than yes- terday’s average. Tops 19.80; bulk‘of sales $19.20@19.70; heavy $19.60@ 19.80; mixed and light $19.40@19.75; packers’ hogs $18.25@19; medium and heavy $19@19.35; light bacon hogs at $18.~85@19.50; pigs, good to choice at $17@18.35; roughs $17.25@18. ‘ Sheep and Lambs. Receipts 14,000. Opening steady to strong; best lambs higher. Choice to prime lambs $19.75@19.90; medium and good lambs $19.50@19.75; culls $15.25@17.; medium good and choice feeders $16.75@18; choice yearlings at $18@18.25; medium and good yearlings medium and goo $15.65@15.25. - , , BUFFALO. ' Cattle. .. The selling. of cattle has 'been draggy. Prime steers $17.50@18.50; shipping steers $16@17; butchers.$10, 16; yearlings $10@17;. heifers $10.@ 13.75; cows $5@12; «bulls $7.50@12; stooke'rs and fecders;$5@11;‘ fresh cows and swingers $65@1’50. '- . calves. » ’Marlret iseasy'at ”@20. . Hog“ pricesarc’highfefi-f ‘ firm. ’Pi' ' . . " 183%19; othgz calves, bulls _ c . 't? i, 1,, .1 , bushels. into town over the. New.York Central' . Lines on the eastside of the river but; there are large accumulations across the river. Indications are that the 1, market would have been strong had there been no strike. However, the strike is largely responsible for the gain of four and a; half cents per pound in the price of butterwhich has taken / . place since Menday. _vBuying during- the week has been conservative on part of the retailers and there has been an active export demand. Estimates» place the amount of purchases for ex-‘ port trade during the past two weeks at 20,000 packages,.m0st of which [1138, gone to the Scandinavian countries... The established quotations of Friday. are "as follows: Extras 591,§@60c;. higher scoring than extras. 601/2@610;J firsts 5663583430; seconds 5162551/30. Cheese. 'The cheese market dur- ing the past-week has been firmer than for some time. There is an active de- mand on the part of the distributing trade for both held and new cheese and there has been some activity among exporters. It is estimated that about 5,500 boxes have been purchased and will be shipped shertly to various European countries. Receipts are slightly higher although there is no ap-l preciable increase in the make of New; York cheese. Held cheese, while in strong demand, is in scanty supply. The best grades are selling at 36@4 361/2c. Medium grades sell readily at 35ur351/2c. High-grade current make cheese, colored, is selling at 320 read- ily and in some instances a fraction of a, cent higher is asked. ‘ Eggs—Egg receipts have fallen off. appreciably because of two influencing, factors, viz., stormy weather in, the. west, and the strike on the .river. The effect on the market has not been as great as might be under normal condi- tions. However, there were large ac- cumulations which have been drawn' . temporary shortage. There has been a gain in ,price of. about three cents during the week, but, the market is closing weak and unset- tled. Firsts are selling at 441/2@460;‘ extra firsts 461/2612470; extras 47%@' 480 per dozen. » . on during the GRAIN. RESERVES ON FARMS ARE MUCH BELOW AVERAGE. ' The official estimate of grain on farms, as of March 1, shows a supply much below the average. Out of the corn crop of 1918, of which 2,129,700,- 000 bushels were merchantable, and. a. carry-over of114,000,000 bushels, only 884,476,000 remain in farmers’ hands. This is about thirty per cent less than last. year. The drought of last sum- mer, which practically eliminated Kan- sas from the ranks of corn producers, and the enormous demand for meat, particularly pork and pork products, account for most of this heavy con: sumption. That consumptive demand has been heavy is apparent from the visible supply of 4,483,000 bushels. On- ly once since 1881 has the visible sup- ply been smaller than this, and the av- erage for the past ‘five years is over 21,000,000 bushels. The winter run of hogs is not yet over, and there is every, assurance that feeding demand will take all the corn there is to spare.‘For- tunately there is a good supply of oats,~ both on the farms and hands, the visible supply being twice that of last year. To a certain extent this grain will supplement corn. _ The official fixed- price for wheat has had a stimulating effect on the move- ment from the farms, there being no, (1 incentive to the farmers to hold it, and- many reasons in favor of "early market- 4 ing. The farm reserve is 129,258,000 But the visible supply is 118,- 219,000 bushels, compared with less than 10,000,000 last year. There is now. approxrmately 250,000,000 bushels of wheat in first and second hands, to last us until July 1, besides the “invis~. ible”_supply, and stocks of flour; :Do- mestic consumption in the four months to the next harvest ,,would be about- 150,000,000 bushel)? _ and seed 30,000,000; bushels. A'mont _. ' , Grain .Corppration wtestifi'ed that. the Food Administratipn was com ‘ shipment. 01'. ~_.1.65.000.000.i~mi8; sis heat and scans $13831 $018 in second . ago the head iof‘the »' i tied-Ito; .1 L of. ‘ ~ . .. . r ‘o-féw‘: and.“ '- ‘ ‘ . mnmInWWer to: the“ (111391133 l 3 , ruary. “Has wheat during Fehruary suite from any cause 2'" 193 corresoondents in the state answer “yes and 146 “110;" in‘ the southern, counties 1231m- swer “yes” and 6 “110;" in the central! counties 49 answer “yes“ and 29 no; in the northern counties 19 xant-infer “yes" and 37 “no" and in the upper pe; ninsula two answer "yes” and 11 no. Snow protected wheat in the state six a s, in the southern counties two, in (tin: central counties four. in the north- ern counties 15 and in the upper peninc sula 24 days, during the month of Feb: average depth of snow on Feb- ru'd‘il"); 15 in the state was 1.00, 1n the southern counties 0.15, in the central counties 0.27 of an inch, in the north. ern counties 2.86 and in the upper pe- ninsula. 7.69 inches. On February the average depth of snow in the state was 2.02, in .the northern counties 5.0.8, in the upper peninsula 11.43 inches, in the southern counties 0.52 and in the central counties 0.97 of an inch. The total number of bushels of wheat marketed by farmers in February at 83 flouring mills is 61,751 and at 54 ele- vators and to grain dealers 41,552 or a total of 103,313 bushels. 0t this amount 83,807 bushels were marketed in the southern four tiersof. counties, 14,961 in the central counties and 4,545 in the northern counties and upper pe-.. ninsula. The estimated total number of bushels of wheat marketed— 1n the. seven months, August-February is ,-. 400,000. One hundred and-fiveimills, elevators and grain dealers. report no wheat purchased from farmers in Feb- ruary. The average condition of live stock. in the state is reported as follows; Horses and swine 95; cattle 94, and e 7. , Sharing and seed threshed in Michi- gan for the season of 1918-19 up to and including February 22, 1919, per re- turns of threshermen is as follows: Yield per Acre. Acres. Bush. Bush. Winter wh’t. 653,001 9,169,230 14.04 Spring wht. 43,198 777,710 18.00 Rye . . . . . . . 475,400 6,810,834 14.33 Oats . . . .1,580,918 52,245,563 39.37 Speltz .. . . . 9,412 257,807 27.39 Barley . . . . . 279,690 8,359,459 29.89 Buckwheat . 41,663 376,306 9.03 Peas . . . . . . 20,896 301,268 14.42 Seeds: . Timothy . 716 1,806 2.52 Clover . .. 74,452 73,391 0.99 Beans . . . . . 353,600 3,288,314 9.30 ENGLAND REDUCES WOOL SEVEN AND ONE-HALF PER CENT. The wool section of the English War Office announces that owing to: the re- duction of various charges, such as freight and war risks, wool tops held by the British government will be is— sued to the trade of this country at prices which show an average reduc- tion of seven and one-half per cent from current rates. The new scale will operate from Ap- ril 1. The issue prices are: Superior 540 wool, 65d; 563, 49d—in both cases a reduction of 4d for clean scoured per pound on the average; 64s tops will be issued at ‘71d, against 75d; 56s, 54d against 58d; 500 cardéd, 47d against 51d; 46c carded, 38%d against 42d; 40c prepared, 35‘éd against 39d. It IS officially announced that the London wool auctic‘ms will open April 2 and will last eight days. Sixty thou- sand bales of combing and 20,000 bales of clothing wools will be offered. Auc- tions will be held in London every month except August. and there will also he a one-day sale in Liverpool monthly. WEST STATE FRUIT MEN TO FORM MARKET AGENCY. Western Michigan Fruit Packers’ Association convened at Hartford on Tuesday. March ‘11, to discuss estab- lishment of a'nentral'buying and .sell- ing agency for all fruit and vegetable producers in western and scuthwesiern Michigan. Potato grower associations m the norther part of the state coop- erate-d. The movement Was inaugurat— ed by the grape growers of Van Buren county. Twelve producers’ associations in this section already have voted to share in the new organization. ' When planting] anomhardh'we must remember that it is a, permanent 'in- vestmeut amino pains “in“ the mews. gtion: oi? the lander reasonable expertise L. L. COGGSHALL Maple Glen Farm LOCKE, N. Y. 1 Successor to CORYDON PECK. Decomd ' at at a Chapin & C0.,Chicago, Ill. Gentlemen:— I have tried all kinds of in rations for my Guernsey her , in- cluding those suggested by Cornell and the best known breeders in the country. Every time I come back to Unicorn better satisfied than ever. I am now through experimenting with feed mixtures of others who think they can beat it either for .economy,yield or condition of herd, because I know that they don’t know what they are talking about. If they would all stop fussing around with half baked theories and give Unicorn agood honest and unprejudiced feed— ing test for 90 clays, Iknow that they would agree with my statements and that it would show them how to save money and timc,and their herds would do better in yield and condition, with less cost for grain than ever before. lspeak from eight years experience with Unicorn. I have also tried all the other rations said to be just as good, and Unicorn for me every time - Yours truly. EVery feeder of Unicorn says as much u MLCoBBshall writes. They all like Unicorn. Send a 3: smmp for our new Dairymen's Manual which [5115 you how to make bigger pmfits. CHAPIN 83‘ CO. Dept. M, Chicago FOR SALE USED MACHINERY 5-10 Avery tractor: 8-16 Aver ,tractor: 8-16 Bull tractor; 12-24 Waterloo 0y tractor; 2:3 . . I. TLC. tractor; 2550 Avery tractor: 80-69 Huber tractor; 28 in. 301111.. 32 in. used 811:: t reshers. Ask for our new catalo of RE) ()UN‘D threshers and our complete used machinery list. I!!! BANTING IANUFACTURING CO. 114 Sn ior Street TO DO, OHIO. CULOTTA & JULl. Eastern Market, Detroit, Mich, We coed your shipment: of Poulti- . Veal. Dan-eel Hogs. Live Roasting Pigs. Elsi. voRabbiuud Game. Highest. prices possible obtained on arrival. We can handle your Potatoes, Onions, Apples, Cabb- age and root crops. carlots or loss. Your shi manta will be appreciated and have our hot care an Men- tion. and you don’t. have to'wait for your money. Reference Peninsular State Bank. o We make a specialty of White Earlier)! M and Mr. 9001.er FARMER: . 11:. Iohnfirs Bl: Beautiful Bar‘red Kooklodaro hen hat; 0 c a mo growers, goo «yarn. so on up roya POULTRY SltoSR. giroxilarophmos. John Northon, Clorox/lick. ' ' C. . '.' . ' Cluck: That Live $15 per 100 2,19 $533353? L 0 r Send for catalogue. SNOWFLAKE PUI'L’l‘lll' y t g FARM. H. 1, Grand Rapids,hr1lclu a l ' ’ ' e o n flirty}. g‘laat laiei‘sfurli “lhltes, strong do} ‘lfld ducks. . y . . .‘ll‘i‘l ' our 1; pr! «4- our 1. arm- past ml , Cthks, 20‘; gram tgubian‘ilfie ofdlemkll’m’ked Lots of 233 urovengu tritium-d delivery alive and liirel) . B‘lll‘l‘POKT HATCHFRTYHD 1?: Eu 1?. ’00 t‘“: h Hall-h every \\ - a. after Biari'li “Th. )4!) circular. ‘ ‘ / ‘ ‘ I ' reepor " w ' Please l)UU.\ .mlmwlirect from adv.“ m1 send m‘dem earl! V. A. BXORSE, Ioulu. blit‘h. Choice Buff Rocks, Eggs {$00 for DAVID “RANYAN, ' White Orpington greatest m pro< Plne crest duvets—hens and voun stock. hu G rum] Mich. now for next winter. Mr». WlLLI HOUG ll. 3, . Cook ere mr mum; ls. ES 1“ Dark Red Single Cnml) R. 1‘. Red “more“ 8”“ 0““ MM” t‘m‘kvrels $4 each, 2 for $7.30. Alibi, Box 39, Lawrence, 3110!]. B c Br. Leghorn eggs 81.30 Iii-1‘13. $8 per 100. Pekin - - duck. Sl...l|_l'ur H. \‘l . (‘ln'm-se gmr-e eggs «1) cent! chicks at $11.00 delivery. English Barron S. C. 54]!) ch livery full count of lixely sturdy will nature intolmost Hatching eggs $6 per 1 . for valuablecatalo no l\'9H rearing& l'emlingmetlmds. _ , , _ ‘ DEViims L JG 1011): FARM, Zeeluml, Mich. ,S, . fiy'gfi- (mu-11223333113] afi‘fi’ilf 0:30: smug: free. lilmhnrst Poultry Farm, rig ton, Mich. - . each. Mrs. 01.1mm Burrs. Hillslzl .M‘ 1. While Leghorn w . e .0. per 100; $6.3 per 500 immediate speviul irks-z each week. Guarantee safe do- unlit) chicks tllut rnfitahle am porsisent layers. Write us your wa ms and send y 19131)}; strain. Farm 2.2:: l) 33: 100 35. Post- 1. Lexington, Ind. S C Brown ngliorns. Heay ' ' range. Eggs 1.3 $15.3; 2-K) paid. b'lonl Robertson, R big. I have .ORGE H. gauze": G from prize winning strains of Bur-red Plymouth Ron-ks at show 1 mothen.) uullet,3 ORLEggs 2.50 [wr a few okls. left 34 and 5'». good Birds. CAMPBELL, R.:'r, Ypsilanti. Blil‘h. silver. Golden and White “’yandotteu. Plenty of good Holden and “like cocketels 84. 85. Few Sil- ver pulleis $9» each. C. 35'. Browning, PortlandJfioh. Snowy White Rocks Finhel Strain. «land ' layers. 31.30.13; $4.55; 31.19. ~:":.-: » . » . «7' " it: ' not 125‘ ' ' ' $3.322:t...°a.m"3ll“;‘.3€“‘ilixl2” .. w “13$? purchase =D§ pigood“ trees, :"slrould {he ,; ,-v,_,'-,Danvfli:o Stock Ho. 00. Danvill'e, Illinois. have created a profitable marinade! roman! the ~ . , . . . - year-around. We paytho highest premium for your» {Ens lfll' llalchlng. I‘fi;fl‘,,g’“§1,§f"d. “Ibis? 5303‘s; / - .. ~ I" 3“ £1133ng “ glarwe remit semis? shipments, w gm Pekin Ducks. Chas. nietz'lexl'."Bauil, lull-h. A“ ""Wd' M“ “"1 fiehnk‘m vanhmen‘m‘" . -Ship men ’ ' ()ft . W ynudottes Free range fink so I) to ' GEO. R. 'VELDRlDGE CO. E '" “Inhin White Orpingtons' $2.00 per 15_ Whfle Strain lanH mated to'lMartill'sRe luSHtrdli: $94-18“! 5“,“... mum“, m. w %‘ Lacuna. $1.50 per ‘5. CockerelsJ.) eggs b) Pun-e1 Post 32:00 by ex. gym- in; Remember! 'We guarantee you satisfaction with every shipment. W. E' VEST' 1“ 1' Ea“ Lansing. Mich VERN MOORE, Hartford, Lfid‘. ‘ __ , . . . . ""' - Wyandotteskvoh l. at 0k; “01m” smwe cu 445R, St Fenton Chickenfiatchery. Fenmn.‘ Mich. f-M- Wh1te «wherein. and Sigismo Sencicgfgflitfioak ‘ , y ., . Mllllken. Pro netor- 'lhomnshbmd 'cnllr. David Run 109 Norris St Y and M’ “1. Commission Momhom 13”..“ 3.5: n 1 DayOldChk-k utm- 85.50: tor mound) for 818.00: " " W ' '° ‘ PoultiEBLivuw ‘ "0' vs. giggle (alibi; hmna’l‘o- ghamnontl‘ln llsélgtl‘llln. ' m. 'lioi ‘ ‘Rof.W O t! "a ‘min . (k a . y-ou , s. u rmns- " Bock ears for hatching. $6.00 per ma eggs. $1.5. Bradstreet. _ (“no "'1‘. , m. 8'“ tons, noon”. W.WyandottosyR.I.Reds. B.Leghorns. m r," A few maker-er 18ft_ Write to p gilt: '. ‘Wl’ot' NM! 053-2953, , : . ' - T . Mrs. anrn M. nonrxsofi. Potersbuu. Mich. ‘ ». "Tommilmbwml Menu.“ Utilit ~ ‘ ‘ ' . ‘ . , *9ka! 33““ Rocks. orhatchln 31?. word”? White W undone; ”Mkml.’ f". ”'9 ‘ E! 53.8) to 31.00 each. . . , . . . . . . R. B, FOWLER. aurora. Mich; . B. L. SANDERSON. R. 2, . l App) agate. Mich . . \ / K K, or sale .‘PBny the Best" 0 I tor‘hatching from an mout 'Roc'k. 32.00 per 15. 95.00 l akin duck-.elther sex.“ Mglnnth Bruno ,‘ 4- leripzdorori, Grand Haven. Mich. .00 each. Pturkeys.Toulouse geese. S.C.W.Le m cookerolo. Berkshire slits and sows. Chose Stock Parm.h[nrlette,li¢h. l .- I “How many milesto the gallon?” Correct TRACTOR Lubrication How to road the Chart The four grade! of Gargoyle Mobiloils Ior tractor lubrication. purified to remove lrec Carbon. Inc: Gargoyle Mobiloil “A" Gargoyle .Mobiloil "B" Gargoyle MobIloil “BB" Gargoylo Mobiloil Arctic _ln the Chart below. the letter opposite the tractor IbndIcatcs the grade of Gargoyle Mobiloill that should a Used. mo a. .Modau ' ml’ Modal. i we , Manolo. E g 3 ? W'inter Albaugh-Dovu (Square Turn) AllinhnlmerI .............. All “'ork ..... . Andrews ...... Appleton . Aulltman- Tulor .............. ( A ; >>5 >>>>i >>i §>>>i >>>> Winter g>m>>i >22»: Summer Bates Steel leule . , . . Bean Track l’ull ..... r- v . . . . Best. . ' ... . ,. ' ($13 ) Big Bull ..... Bower Cit} .. . .. Buckue (Indiana; ........... . (lndiana (CiamBaby) ,. .. .... Ohi ) .... >>>§ >>>Ehf war: if :- :2 ~:: >z>>>:.>>,.. > 3 CreepinuG Emer-on- Brapritlnlharn (EB) - (EB )9: l0 “ (Big Four) " Ieev es) Farm Hom.,....., ......... FlourC 2;; >é >5: 5;; s» - a >>§i§>>§>i >>>>§ >>>>>>>>ii Z 6 ‘ 3 >3 mi my? >>i >wu>>i Maui >>U' >>>i Holt cuetpluu ............. B _ gModeI 45). . . _ Model In) . . ”a >>_I'?. in? >>>s 2 Little ChieI. I. a 3 " >f oi >>>ijf I o . >>>>>>>>>>>>>>2_->>>>E >>i >: > - \ I >>>E >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>i >>>>§ >>>>g >>>>>i >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>m>>> WInm >2 3 v, uu>§ g>gug>gwmg>mg gnaw; was; a; w>w>>g>wu>>g awe»; uuugwm>ui U>>E it ! ',: >>>§ ‘>>?§i ‘ >>>>>§ I» 2 i,u$>~ Ia:' uh. a >555 >5">i >> >>3 >>>>>i‘>>>i >>>>>§ >>>>>i >i'>>§ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>i i>>i \ , - §>; Etta}. ~11 ”4...: _..,.:'.'.(.. . 3 ’iv-i»? 3‘» bg>>§ >38 ‘:=o>> mud-v- man» In cuf- -- vo- ' oic‘h noun-u ..... u- (find I; E: W . i".£:.:l"- . U 9 . i.?_a{>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>g '§p§>>> m A.“ I L I > extant»; _>»-,.g.; x; 65??»3 25>? > g» 5. a r I Harla- II C Mbua-A..1-"H 7F >3 sE. . >. uni >3:$,u$ ' my >>>> r. .L i!" . filt’”? '6" E’. How American farmers are finding the J'answer: HIS ts getting to be one I of the most frequently asked questions in America. Every farmer who operates an automobile or tractor is in- terested In fuel consumption. He wants to know, because mileage per gallon, or acreage per gallon, indicates closely what his automobile or tractor is returning on his Investment When the engine is appar— ently In good mechanical con- dition, and still delivers less. power per gallon of fuel than some other engine of the same type, size and equipment, look to these points for your answer: 1. Are you using the .rp‘arl- cor- rectly? l 2. Do you use an engine lubricat- ing oil that forms and main- tains a perfect piston- ring seal? Do you, at regular intervals of operation of your car or tractor, drain the used crank- case oil (which inVariably Is diluted by the fuel) and replenir h with new oil of the correct body and charattcr? Are you expecting more of the engine than It was ' ever designed to do? Doesn’t the other engine that gives better service use the correct grad: of Gargoyle 'Mobiloilr, a: Jpecified in ~III: Chart of Recommm’dai'iom? (Charts for both automobiles and tractors are shown on this page.) . ' Often the answer lies in Point Five. The importance of correct lu- 'brication cannot -be emphaSized too much. - The correct oil for your auto- mobile or tractor engine must meet the lubricating requirements of ‘ your engine with scientific exact- ness. It must be of the correct .body and character t6 withstand the heat of operation, furnish max- Imum lubrication to all friction surfaces, and maintain at all times a perfect piston— ring seal. It must be distributed readily and freely by ‘ the system of lubrication. There is a grade of Gargoyle Mobiloils that is correct for ydxr engine. This correcr grade pre- vents carbon deposit. It withstands . high temperatures, and furnishes. maximum lubrication to all friction ' surfaces. It conserves power by keeping the piston rings tightly sealed—these are the big reasons for more miles or more acres to the gallon.” Gargoyle Mobiloils are put up in 1- and 5 gallon sealed cans, in 15-, 30- and 55- gallon steel drums, and m w ood half- barrels and barrels. _ Write for our hackle: ~ “Correct Lubrication, ‘ which contains complete “ automobile; and t'rsiétor 4' charts and other valuable . A grade for ‘each type of motor In buying Gargoyle Mobiloils from Your ,d‘calgr, it is safer to purchase In original packages. ooli- for the red Gargoyle on the container. ., ~ ’“ ' VACUUM 01L COMPANY New York, e of high 1.“ : every class of madnlhlry. Obtainable evmw Detroit Specialists in the manuf New York Philadelphia . D c' c omen I Boston Pittsburgh Branch“: I. ,. :it’l‘m «A ., ‘ . “ ‘ '3 I.‘ , ’ go’s <‘_ Correct AUTOMOBILE Lubrioahon How (a road the Chart The four grades 0! Gargoyle Mobllolla. Ior engine lubrication. pittifled to remove Iree carbon. are: u A” “B” . , “a." ‘ , In the Chart below. the letter opposite the car Indi- catel the grade of Gargoyle Mobiloila that should be used. For example. A" means, Gargoyle Mohlloil ”.A" "Arc" Incan- Gargoyle Mobiloll Arctic. ate. The r'ecomri-Icndatlonl cover all models a! both 9an sensor and commercial vehicles unleu otherwise noted. This Chart is compiled by the Vacuum Oil Company' a Board of Engineer! ”.and reprqaenta our proleuional advice on Correct Automobile Lubrication. VAUTOMOBILB . and. Allen..-..«.......,,.': I, . >> >> >>> I (8 l) . Cunnlnlhcaiinm; ....... - ( 4.11)- : >>>: > 3.: (Mod.C " (I t 5% ton)- Detroit"; 'hu' ,_._ . : >$> >. > >:‘<>>>..;>>\: >>IIIII >> >:<>>>:_>>>>>Inu: > >>>>>muz >’ >>>>m: >’ :>> >:‘> ::.>>“:'>: > >:*-: >l'l2': 2.:.>> :>> >>>>>z