1:7" ‘f:v?’55'r,





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, - . ‘ _ ( Ax \



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i1 5, 1919





 





 





 





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. CLII. No. '14:

Number'4039





VOL

Whole
canton-uni a g ,, _

fortheAmei-icane farmer. ; . w





_’- '_ . o ’the federal funds which would. ‘v'flbe'



The Mich] an F armor. available for “ram ..yea,,.a§d=m;

WWW“? 'm “u“? OW” ”I? ‘ low a*".‘p'ay as? image" policy. 5. This, ' onerthin‘g; is. certain," We have a ser-

The Lawrence P ubhshmg CO. however, would-necessitate so; long. an io‘us ifood/ problemto'day and for many.

_ Editors and Proprietors additions: "our-tax levy as tube a set-4 years to come» The use of modern

. can ‘5 m "' "mg?“ m ious burden to taxpayers at the pres- machinery and the heavy drain upon

new YORK 0:333 ,m A”. . out time. It is estimated that the our fertility resources during the past

cggggggggw: 31' ‘fim‘w h.“ 1 state's share of the federal apportion- four years has enabled us to grow

331M031?” 0'7“?“- sax-sum ““5" meat for road improvement will be enormous crops of grain and produce

{53} 33‘s???“"""""""""""°iiiéé-m something like seven and a half mil- thousands of- tons of food to supply.

rt r.‘ Lawnmtéii IZZ‘III"'.I‘.'.‘.'.'.II'.IZ.......... lion dollars. Every reader will appre- our allies, but the "whipping” upof our

J' F' CUNNINGHAM 32.22.” ciate that the addition of so large a farms under the spur of wartime re.

”311$ wnauurn......... ........... : m sum to our tax levy in a single year quirements. breaking up crop,rotations





 

 

 

 





1. a. WATERBURY



F . . KA. mmn.....................



fia‘dtfil’t‘é”T'I'F’rftzzzztzzzzzr. m would be most burdensome. and neglecting soil-improving crops is

W- MILTON KELLY As to the proposition of whether gov- sure to be reflected in diminished pro-

1. a. warsnsuax.................m Hanna-r ernments should borrow money for the duction per hour of labor. From now

making of public improvements, it on our demands for more iood stuffs

seems clear that it is just as profitable must be met by importation from for-





 





 





TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:





One Year, 52 leases........... ........................81m

manilfisEl‘ufitazzxzz2:122:211222222212'. fl for the state as a municipality to bor- elsn countries or the “Haas of 900m

Five Years.2mlmtfi................................fl.fl row money for road improvement as [and at higher cost, with, of course,





Int

M“ “m ‘°° ‘M m“ m for the owner of wet land to borrow diminishing Cl‘OD yields.





Mmoranvnarmo money at a reasonable rate of interest One thing is evident to the close

Mfg ga‘t‘rm wmffim to tile the same and make it more pro student of American agriculture. and

flouabletgdvlmglfluhdatm cm N° °"’°°' ductlve.'n'r1t: bettiment of our htiigl; airlinevlgeo 3:11:02, :u‘cviesastfuillydczigg

ways w: an pmvemen w c e .

Mew" Sammumma!c”u“cu'h"°tion”.“m “d ‘ will benefit the people of the entire grains after normal conditions are re-

Entered as SecondClan Mltt/el' at the Post once as state. and under this plan the people stored in the world’s commerce. If we

”mm-.Pmm 0“” a” ‘°‘ °‘ “m 3‘ ‘3" of the whole state will contribute to are to maintain agricultural supremacy

VOLUME CLll. NUMBER FOI'RTEEN the payment of both the money bor- it must be accomplished through the

rowed for this purpose and the interest feeding 0f live 35th and the produc.

DETROIT‘ APRIL 5‘ 1919 on same. tion of profitable cash crops that can

==== . .

‘ The so-called beer and light wine be sandw1ched1n between clover, grass

amendment is. perhaps, better known and grain crops in our rotations. Fruit

as the saloon - amendment. The and vegetable CI'ODS. 8811901811? those

country people generally are against. that can be preserved in good condi—

this proposition and they should not tion for home consumption and for e):-

fail to cast their vote on same at the port are sure to play an important part

coming election. in the future of American agriculture.

In connection with the development

VITAL problem of our live stock farming, more cape-

F confronting t h e cially the production of dairy products,

arm" future welfare of the there seems to be opportunity for far-

Faces Big world is that of main- sighted capitalists to develop an enor-





, , Problems ‘taining an . adequate mous business in the manufacture of

supply of food stuffs. oils and fats from Oriental beans and

CURRENT COMMENT in the readjustment of industries and peas. This busmess should prove prof-





commerce agriculture must be given itable, not only from the commercial





OMEN 01' Mlchi- proper consideration if other industries standpoint, but from the value-of the

gan ~have been are to prosper and find profitable out- pressed beans and peas for “’9de "‘73





 





 





 





 





 





. Suffrage granted equal suf- lets to r their products. With the com- stock and furnishing valuable fertiliz~

Becomes frage and will exer- ing of a better understanding between mg elements for our soils.

a Duty cise this newly grant- the leading commercial powers and It would seem good policy on the





part of our Departments of Commerce

and Agriculture to gather comprehen-

sive data and seek to interest capital

in this project. Japan is at a decided

disadvantage in this industry as she is

without live stock to consume the by-

products. If we are going to develop

export trade for our food stuffs plans

must be made to import feeds and fer-

tiliaers so that the fertility problem

may be provided for.



Another factor which has greatly

complicated our taming problems is

the breaking down of our transports.

tion system, and the increase in rates

of freight and refrigeration to such an

extent that great specialized food pro-

ducing districts are placed at great

economic disadvantages. With our

transportation lines in their present

condition the problem of competing

successfully for foreign trade is going

to prove extremely difficult, except in

the sale of condensed products. A few





ed right for the first the spread of democracy there is sure

time at the general election 0“ Mon- to develop a higher standard of living

day next. This privilege, WhiCh the among both the middle classes and the

women of Michigan in common with laboring classes. ‘

those of the country at large have ear- This improved standard of living and

nestly sought for many years, has now close commercial relationship among

become more than a privilege; it has the nations means new markets and an

become a duty which is incumbent up- increased demand for many kinds of

on the women of the state to perform. food stufis. Many articles of diet, prac-

Along with the privilege goes a re— tically unknown to the people of Eu-

sponsibility which should not be shirk- rope, such as American canned goods

ed. The women Of 'Michigan have and dehydrated productsare finding a

commendable interest in the selection permanent place in the markets of

of candidates for public office to be England, France, Italy and other Eu~

voted upon at the spring election, and ropean countries. Carrying food pro

in educating the public in important ducts from America to Europe where

issues for which they were especially they were needed during the war and

interested. the period immediately following has

Every woman should perform her resulted in breaking down the preju-

fllll duty by voting at the coating elec- dice against imported food stuffs and

tion whether she was in sympathy with whetted a European appetite for many

the granting of the franchise to wom- kinds of food products hitherto un—

en 01‘ not. .It is aduty WhiCh should be known to the people of these countries.

' shlrked by none. fofdhest:§:°r;u::m::dd:;; 3:10;?13: especially favored sections in proxim~

; , ' ity to Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific sea-

GAIN we would meats. grain. canned goods, fats, 0118, ports will find it less difficult to trans-

~ Vote on call the attention dehydrated fruits, vegetables and many port their products to the world's mar-

of every Michigan other products at war-time prices cre-

the Amend' Farmer reader to the ated an enormous home demand for kets than the farmers or the great mid-

- . , dle west. Altogether the agricultural

'ments important proposed cheaper substitutes and imported food situation is so perplexing that few‘men

amendments to the stuffs. These new products have gain- care to undertake an analysis.

constitution of the state which are ed a foothold in our markets that is

submitted for their consideration at going to prove difficult to overcome

the general election on Monday next. when normal conditions are restored.

Two of' these are of special import- All of'these changes in' our American Food Prim

ance to the state at this time. The diet have greatly complicated our ag- Continue consuming public is

amendment providing for the sale of rlculture problems and brought about Ad the fact that foodpric-

, bonds to provide funds for permitting decided changes in our standards of to W es are soaring higher

1‘ highway improvement, is perhaps less living. in becoming a competitor for and higher since the

generally understood than the other world trade we mustfollow the course removal. of the check on prices. With

proposal to be submitted. This prop. of other great trading nations and car- the abandonment of authority vested

esition has been carefully explained in ry things from where they are plenti- in the Food Administration. no one can

recent issues, and any voter who does ful to where they are needed. This quarrel with the prices made by the

not. fully understand it can inform him- means that our farmers must study “it play of will“! and «inland.

~ self by referring to back numbers of. world markets and ’world conditions It 18 clearly 3 0388 01' the depletioaof

thisfpaper. About the only opposition rather than depend upona home dc: the food stocks of the consuming

'Which has been expreSSed to this m'and for the products they have to world,, and the fact that millions of

amendment is by those'who‘ do not be- sell. Becoming the leading commer- people are looking to America to stand

I new in. borrowing-money for public cial nation of the wOrld within a few between them and starvationvuntil har-

' ‘ ‘ a ‘ “t, but wouldnprefer to have months has its disadvantages as well "vest time shall come again The P60!

wt ta ‘ lovy spread to offset as its advantages, and few economists ple of America





NE of the prob

lems puzzling» the





 





MA:





     





~~ '5 instantiation-in roger. . g

of food stocks. " ‘ '





should thank their ‘





Prices of food stuffs-in America can





not be based upon the supplies» we .





have here at home unless we build a"

Chinese wall around our food reserves

and stop our ears to the pleadings of

suffering humanity in other countries.

Even friendly : neutrals have a right to

depend upon us to aid them in feed-

ing their people and friendly relations

with other nations were never quite so

essential to American industry, com.

meree and safety as now. We would

not be true Americans if we refused

to divide our food supplies with suf-

fering countries.





News .of . the Week





Wednesday, March 28.





 





 





ERMAN delegates to the peace'con- :





ference are reported to have been

instructed not, to go beyond a reason-





able interpretation of President Wil- ‘





son’s fourteen points, not to give up

the valley of the Saar and the

port of Dannig on the Baltic.-——Egypt

is in a virtual state of insurrection—e

Martial law is proclaimed throughout

Spain, following a general strike in

Barcelona—Belgium and Rumania are

buying over $50,000,000 worth of Unit-

ed States war goods—It is reported

that the Vatican in Rome is disposed

to call a pan-Christian congress as a

prelude to the union of all christian

churchea—Saginaw orders that inter—

urban cars be prevented from passing

through the city unless fares on city

lines be reduced to a five-cent basis.





Thursday, March 27.





I TALY notifies the peace conference

that the Adriatic blockade is lifted.

—’l‘he Prussian assembly is determin-

ed not to yield additional territory.—

Utllcial reports show that two thou-

sand houses in Egyptian villages were

sacked during the recent riots—Cham-

bers of Commerce throughout the

United States are asked to aid in find-

ing employment for discharged sol-

diers—A conference to give consider-

ation to the subject of control of pub-

lic utilities in Michigan is held at Law

sing—Michigan legislature passes the

Lewis bill, which prohibits the posses-

sion, receiving, transportation, sale or

gift of intoxicating liquors—State re-

tailers intimate that prices on men’s

clothing will be reduced ten per cent

by next fall.





‘ Friday, March 28.





USSIAN Bolsheviki with an army

of 300,000 men expect to start a

great drive along the Dvina river in

May.—~Great Britain and France plan





a new alliance against Germany—The _





American amendment concerning the

Monroe doctrine and the Japanese ra-

cial amendment. are not included in

the covenant of the League of Nations

as presented to the drafting commit-

tee—Secretary of War Baker announc-

es that he will leave for EurOpe on

April 6.———-The railrotd men of Great

Britain agree with the government that

they will not go out on strike—Legal

steps are being taken to free I. W. W.

workers now in Fort Leavenworth

prison—Up to March 16, 1,357,294 en-

listed men were discharged from the

army. _

Saturday, March 29.



RANGE insists on the restitution of



Alsace-Lorraine, the ceding to

France of the entire Saar basin, the

complete military neutralization of the

left bank of the Rhine and the pay-

ment of indemnides in excess of $38,—

000,000,000.—~—Germany is increasing the

garrison at Damig.—More than 20,000

Jews are reported as killed or injured

in riots in the Ukraine—The War De«

partment prepares to call for 50,000

“volunteers for service in Europe—Ar-

rangements are being developed for

the purchase of 4,000,000 acres of land

in Hichigan by the federal govern-

ment to provide funds for returning

soldiers—Fifteen men were injured by

an explosion at the ordnance proving

tgi-oiizli)iiscat Aberdeen near Washing.

on, . . .





Sunday, March .3.





HE allied nations make preparer.





tionstosendtroopstonanzig





who the Germans" refine! to, permit“

the landing of Polish troops; ‘ Marshal ‘v _'





Fochisto‘beinchamofthesime





non—ism. a heavily shelled in

Ukranian forces—Lettiah‘ for fie:

feat the Bolsheviki alohfl 1:? its.





Tukkum Railway in the"

_-——After' ~~ April 1 domestic

rates “Elli ‘b'e'inc used “13,.





tinned





s.
' DEVOTED *

TO

MICHIGAN





VOLUME 01.11.





 





 





 





 





 

 





 

 





 





PUBLISH





   





mags?!“





 

 

 

 

 





 





A Practical Journal for the Rural Family





 





QUALITY

RELIABILITY

SERVICE





 

 

 

 





NUMBER FOYRTEEN





 





 





 





 





 





 





.. .. -vw.w.«m<:mvi..waow o m1.2cz'.m.r".(O'-f 1





 





ATS are not a. highly profitable

O crop in Michigan, yet necessity



compels many farmers to grow a.

few acres each year to seed clover and

grass with. To apply manure and fer-

tilizers and give the ground ideal prep-

aration, primarily to grow oats seldom

returns a fair profit. As a secondary

consideration the growing of oats after

a cultivated crop that has had an ex«

cessive supply of plant food may be

made very profitable.



Of first importance is a well-prepar-

ed seed—bed. The object in preparing

a seed-bed for the oat crop is to‘make

conditions favorable for the roots of

the tender plants to grow and develop.

Plants demand moisture at all stages

of their growth. They do not get the

moisture from above at all times.

Sometimes there is too much, some-

times a great scarcity, hence the per-

manent supply must come from below.

The ideal seed-bed requires close cap-

illary connection of the furrow with

the subsoil. It can then draw moisture

from below and enough of it providing

the subsoil has a water-holding capac-

ity, such as porous clay which takes up

water and holds it, to give out as

needed by the crop. Whatever the

depth of plowingfor disking, the capil-

lary connection with the soil below

must be secured.



This is why successful oat growers

have the turned furrow well-packed to

press the soil particles close together

and enable them to draw up moisture

from below. They do not wish a cloddy

under—furrow, nor coarse manure or

trash between the. furrow and sub-

soil. It pays to use the disk barrow

to mellow the surface of the soil be-





u





The Oat Crop





How to Mate t/zz's Important Crop Fz'tzm‘o t/ze General

Sc/zeme of Farm Management.





By Lester J. Meredith





' fore plowing the ground to prevent the

formation of clods which create air





Spaces that interfere with the upward

movement of moisture and consequent-

ly with the germination of the seeds.

Mellow Surface.



The'surface of the seed-bed should

be reasonably fine, not dust, but a nice

crumbly, mellow surface. The newly

sown seed must have warmth and

moisture to enable it to germinate

quickly. The soil below-the depth the

seed is planted should be compact so

that it will hold moisture and make

conditions ideal for the seed to germi-

nate and grow. There is no one way

to prepare seed-beds for the oat crop

that will apply to all conditions. When

sowed on corn or potato ground a

good seed-bed may be secured by thor-

oughly disking and harrowing early in

the spring. Never give the field one

disking, or the crop will come up un-

even, or never try to remedy this by





great value. The seed-bed can be

quickly prepared on fall-plowed ground

and the work of seeding expedited as

soon as the ground is dry enough to

begin work in the spring. However,

some heavy clay soils that are inclin-

ed to puddle and bake should not be

plowed in the fall.



Without seed of good vitality and

growing power, fertility and careful

preparation of the soil are practically

wasted. With first—class seed at least

a fair crop may be expected on even

inferior land. This brings up the ques-

tion at once, “V’Vhat is good seed?”

The first requisite of good seed is a.

strong germ which will spring quickly

into growth when the seed is sown in

a warm, moist soil. E\ ervone recog-

nizes the much more vigorous giowth

made by a pig or calf that is strong

and vigorous at birth. The same prin-

ciples apply to young oat plants, that

apply to pigs and calves. Unless a





 





 





 





The Tractor Solves the Problem





cross-disking, or the field will show

streaks both ways. The best method

is to drive so that the disk harrow will

overlay one-half, allowing the outside

disk to turn the small, narrow strip

left in the center. This should be fol.

lowed by a thorough harrowing, the

more thorough the better seed-bed will

be given about the same line of treat-

ment, although it will usually require

less werking.



One of the essentials in securing a

good yield of: cats is early sowing. It

is of the greatest importance. Two

weeks’ difference in the time of sowing

often means success or failure. To this

end, fall and winter plowing are of





of Horsepower at Harvest Time.

strong germ is present, sending out

strong rootlets with vigorous feeding

zones the plant starts in life poorly

Quite as essential as the stiong germ,

is a large supply of sta1ch which is

converted into plant food for the small

plantlets. This is why large, firm oats

furnish a stronger growing plant than

shrunken, immature seed.

Weight Best Method.



Weight per bushel is perhaps the

best method to determine value in seed

cats. The oats should be of good col-

or, which indicates that they have

been properly stored. If bleached out

by rains or burning in the bins, it is

more than likely that the germ or the





 





starch has been injured and the vital-

ity of the seed reduced.



It has been proved that where large

'seed oats were sown the 010p yield was

increased from ten to t“ elve bushels

per acre. It tends to ripen the crop

more evenly, thereby doing away with

a large percentage of light grain. Very

little of the small and split seed that

is sown grows. Many small kernels

may start, but they produce small del-

icate plants with correspondingly

small heads. Here is where the fan-

ning—mill claims attention. To remove

small and inferior grain and weed

seeds and increase crop yields is its

mission on the farm. Fanning-nulls

not only grade the seed oats but they

remove noxious weed seeds and pre-

vent the land from being seeded with

foul weeds. Considring that every hun-

dred bushels of oats from the bin con-

tains more than twenty-five bushels

that are unfit for seed it. is plain to see

that a fanning-mill will soon pay for

itself inflthe amount of seed saved to

say nothing of the increase in the yield

of the crop.



If the soil is in good condition it

will support a heavier seeding, which

will result in finer straw and perhaps

greater yield. On the other hand, if

the land is worn and somewhat thin

but free from weeds, the lighter seed-

ing will almost surely give us better

results than the heavier. The question

of weeds is one always confronting a.

farmer and is probably one of the chief

reasons why the popular idea is that a.

seeding of not less than three bushels

per acre is the most satisfactory.





(Continued on page 558).
:‘Bcan Prices, Polk Prices, axed Prices

Farmers A re Befuda’lm’ and Prices Maa'a’led





John Mitchell, the great labor leader,

said: “The wage earner doesn’t blame





are Commissioner of immigration Cam-

inetti and“ T. C. Powell, of the United





goods. Freight rates have been reduc-

ed and exporters are in the field.”





HE first food to be shipped to

Germany under the agreement





made with the allies will consist

of pork and beans. Natural, then.

and not strange is it, that been prices

should follow pork prices. The Cleve-

land, Patricia and Cap Finstere, Ger~

man steamships, which are to be hand-

ed over to the United States, have al-

ready left Germany ter a British port

American crews will be placed aboard

these ships when they arrive in the

English port. Then the vessels will be

sent to French ports to take American

troops to the United States. They will

then take pork and beans abroad. Ger-

many has begun the movement of gold

to Brussels, which is to be deposited

as collateral for the food to be ship-

ped from the United States. The fact

that pork products have gone sky-rock-

, eting since the government abandoned

its control of prices is a pretty good

indication of what is going to occur in

bean prices, now that the good old law

of supply and demand is going to be

given an opportunity to assert itself.



Herbert Hoover Says:





Under date of March 20, Herbert

Hoover, director general of foreign re-

lief. is quoted as follows: “With ocean

transport still restricted, food must be

shipped overseas in the most concen-

trated form, but when more tonnage

beconfes available such foods as beans.

canned vegetables, pork and fish, of

which the United States has an abund-

ance, will be sent abroad." Already

the bean market is strengthening and

in the face of the tremendous demand

for food products from abroad there is

no probability of a decline.



We Have Helped Some.



We take pardonable pride in the re-

sult of our eleventh-hour fight to ob

tain better prices for the percentage of

beans in the growers‘ hands. Since we

called the attention of our readers to

the fact that “beans were acting queer"

prices have advanced from $6.00 to

$8.25 per cwt, for choice hand-picked

stock at Michigan shipping points, and

prospects are favorable for more sub-

stantial advances.



The fact that hundreds of





our read-

ers have written letters thanking us

for our good work makes us feel that,

after all, this is a pretty good old world

no live in. We are glad we were in a

position to serve you and we are glad

to know that something has been ac-





coxnplished without having an inside

knowledge of gentlemen's agreements,

playing politics, beating our tom-toms,

steeping to Pharisaical headings or

quoting Aesop‘s fables to cover up the

spirit of our intentions.



“All is not well" with us when there

is a spread of $4.25 between the tamer

' and the government prices of beans.

We have no beans to job. We have no

interest in elevators. We have never

played politics and secret diplomacy

for the purpose of befuddling the great

mass of clear-thinking, hard-working





farmers or bringing business to our ad- .





vertising pages. “Sour grapes” are

sweet, indeed. compared with the dis-

position of those whose only impulse is

to .tear down, wreck, smash and de-

nounce.



In an optimistic statement made the

twentieth of March, Mr. G. A. Turner,

president of the California Bean Grow-

ers' Association, says: “our govern-

lent is doing everything possible ’ to

speed up the movement 01 food. No

further purchases of foreign been will

“we as longasthe domestic pio-

diict is available. Shipping is becom-



ing more plentiful. ; Some of our allies





Miami! .11! the United





making direct ' pm

escls to move the





rat





* California Beans Advance.



The fact that the bean prices at Cal-

ifornia shipping points have advanced

to $6.25 per cwt. for small whites in-

dicates that bean prices are following

the trend of pork‘and other foodstuffs.



Already the Department of Com-

merce industrial Board is becoming

alarmed at the reports Mr. Hoover is

sending from abroad regarding the de-

mand and probable prices for food pro-

ducts believing that such prices will

tend to prevent a satisfactory adjust-

ment'of prices in other lines of busi-

ness. Conferences between the Depart-

ment of Commerce Industrial Board

and the Food Administration officials

are being held and no doubt efforts will

be made to hold food prices at as low a

level as possible, but we fail to see

how these results are going to be





States Railroad Administration, and

the “Passive Accelerators” are four

heads of large business and industrial

concerns. On account of the delay in

getting out certain cost production bul-

letins in the Department of Agricul-

ture offices, agriculture is without an

“Accelerator" on this “Industrial Equi-

librium Board.”

The “Old Fllver" Ditched.



The first staple these door-keepers

of the house of American industry pro-

poses to reduce is the price of food.

This is going to be an easy matter be-

cause the great food producers of the

country have no “Accelerator.” either

active nor passive, since Doctor W. J.

Spillman got to running too fast for

the mechanism of the “old diver” to

which he was attached. An “Acceler-

ator” can’t work without a machine





 





 





ern Michigan said:

Berrien and Van Buren counties,

best prices that they have ever





cases.





to all canners.





 





 





Good Price; for Berries





N a recent interview With a member of the editorial staff of the

Michigan Farmer a pmminent canning factory owner of West-

“Canners in Southwestern Michigan, namely.





tion of the country. They are contracting strawberries at $1.50

to $1.65 according to the quality of the berries. for sixteen-quart

Black raspberries a minimum of $2.50, per crate and a

daily market based on Benton Harbor prices.

dewberries $2.50 per sixteemquart crate, and red raSpberries at

$2.75 per twenty-four pint crates, all of these prices are net to

the grower and cases furnished.

live or six different canners and each canner has four or five men

out getting all the acreage possible at these prices.

growers in Southwestern Michigan are certainly assured a good

market for their fruit this year



This news should prove of interest in view of the fact that‘

some of these canners are attempting to buy berries at much

lower figures in other parts of the state.

owner informs us that the canned goods market will bear the

above prices without any trouble and allow a reasonable profit





are contracting berries at the

been contracted for in this sec-





Blackberries and





These prices are being paid by

All berry





by the canners of this section”.





This canning factory





 





 





 





 





brought about in peace times. Certain~

ly bean prices cannot be reduced, for

beans are the cheapest food in Amer.

ica today.



It would seem that any further ef-

fort on the part of organized interests

to recommend the further control of

the prices of food products should

meet with small favor in government

circles. The past experiences of the

producers suffering through the manip-

ulation of prices and bearing of the

farmers of this country have proved

patriotic in responding to production

during war times, and they are in no

mood to be made “hapless goats” and

forced into producing cheap food to

the end that wages can be cut down to

an extent which will permit big busi-

ness interests to make fabulous profits.





The Fair Price Machine.



To facilitate aa'neeting of minds, as

between buyers and sellers of staple

products such as steel, building mate-

rials, fabrics and food, on something

like a fair basis and establish an equi-

librium in prices, Secretary of Com—

merce Redfleld has arranged to bring

capital and labor (please note agricul-

ture-- is not mentioned), together in a

joint endeavor to fix a level of prices

which the government can turn to the

public and say. “these are fair prices."



The secretarycalisthisem 0f

accelerating » industrial equilibrium.

The "Chief Accelerator" of this new





“mdustrial cesium Board" is a





Mr. George 8. Peak, a wealthy manu-

ilecturer. minerly on” the War Indus-





tries Board; the inactive Accelerators"





and a machine cannot function proper-

ly without an “Accelerator.” Hence the

farmers of the country must sit back

and see a board composed of six capi-

talists and one representative of labor

fix the prices on what they have to

sell. At the same time they have one

perfectly good "old fliver” on their

hands that cannot function without an

“Accelerator."



It seems that Capital 6, Labor 1, Ag-

riculture 0, is a fair representation of

Capital, Labor and Agriculture in a

democracy. At least, that is the rea-

soning of the Secretary of Commerce,

and further acquiesced by Secretary of

Agriculture Houston who seems rather

uncertain of just which interests he

represents in the great economic

problems of the day.



The Shock Absorbers.



By fixing a low price on food pro-

ducts so as to reduce the present cost

of living the "Industrial Equilibrium

Board" will automatically reduce the

prices of other commodities. This re-





duction in the cost of living will make





it possible for wages ‘to be reduced

without any lowering of the standard

of living. It is believed by the “Accel-

erators ’of the Equilibrium Board,”

(and has been proven by war-time ex-





perience. that ‘the great agricultural-





division is made up by experienced

sh’ocktroope). that the farmers cpn

stand the first attack without faltering.



In this great struggle to maintain

prim that are just’for‘all concerned





labor is a better friend of the lame;-





than capital",





In a. resent





the farmer in the present crisis in food

prices. He wants to see the farnfer

get a just and proper return on his in-

vestment and labor. Union labor real?

ly has a sympathetic interest not only

in the farmer’s labor problem, but in

the problems involved in his getting a

better living out of his business. Union

labor understands the farmer better

than anyone else, for the simple reason

that so great a percentage of union

men came from the farms and so many

of them hope to return to the farms if

conditions ever permit."





Get Busy Farm Bureaus.



Never in the history of American as-

riculture was there greater need of an

efficient organization to meet'the great

problems confronting our country than

today, and it is to be regretted that our

new Federal Farm Bureau isvnot pre-

pared to get into the game and pre-

sent the farmer’s side of the case be

fore the other thoroughly organized

interests. Has agriculture no place in

the sun when it comes to solving the

problem of demobilizing prices? Are

we going to sit back and accept the

recommendations of this and that In-

dustrial Board simply because we have

no organization to appoint representa-

tives to sit in these readjustment coun-

cils? The public mind is fixed upon

the idea of the cost of production plus

a reasonable profit, and other interests

are going to get it at the expense of

agriculture, unless immediate plans are

made to thwart their efforts. It the

new Federal Farm Bureau is going to

function and raise our agriculture from

the level of a bargain and barter occu-

pation now is the time for it to come

to the aid of the farmers.





Mr. Blngham Writes.



It. is only fair to the leaders of the

Michigan Farm Bureau to inform our

readers that Mr. Charles A. Bingham.

their efficient secretary, has been mak-

ing every effort within his power to

obtain cost of production figures, on

beans and other staple crops, from the

Department of Agriculture at Washing-

ton. The only reply he has received

from his letters to Mr. Houston is a

circular letter addressed to Mr. E. E.

Miller, editor of a southern agricultural

publication, and signed by Clarence

Ousley, assistant to the secretary of

agriculture. "



In this letter Mr. Bingham is inform-

ed that all of the reports and bulletins

covering the cost of production figures

are being held up. It seems that the

secretary had an idea that perhaps

there might be a slight technical error

in some of Dr. Spillman’s reports so

he invited a number of great agricul~

tural doctors to examine these reports

and sure enough they found that the

reports and bulletins do not cover the

subject adequately, nor in the way it

should have been presented. To prove

his point Secretary Houston called in

expert testimony and he now has a

statement furnished by them telling

the world that Dr. Spillman’s reports

should be suppressed.



Who is to Blame? -



Whether Dr. Spillman or Dr. Hons-

ton is at fault, we do not know. We

do know, however, that it seems

mighty queer to the gmat mass of

thinking and working farmers of the

country that it should require so many

years for the head of the great Depart...





meat of Agriculture to- discover that





one or Misleading more is incontin-

tent: and that his report: and N116-

tine- Vhlch 19' mm m
' N March 18,1919, the Falk Com-

0 pany,’ of Pittsburgh, Pa.,_began



the manufacture of potato flour

in their initial factory, which is loCat-

ed at Cadillac, Michigan. This com-

pany mama and operates large factories

in .and near Pittsburgh for the purpose

of. refining animal and vegetable oils,

the manufacture of glycerine and many

other similar products and by-products.

The concern is a wealthy one and has

not started ithe business of manufac-

turing potato flour for the purpose of

selling shares in the company.





”A New Industry

' a Profitable Asset.





During the war period they offered '





to loan the United States government

the use of their patent process of mak-

ing potato flour but the war ended be-

fore this generous/offer could be real-

ized. They have been encouraged by

the government to go into this line of

work in order that there may be built

up in this country an industry which

has heretofore been practically monop-

olized by Germany. The Falk Com-

pany have inVestigated very thorough-

ly the possibilities of the manufacture

and sale of potato flour. They are con-

fident that with sufficient cooperation

on the part of the growers and selling

agencies they can not only realize a

profit in this line of business but at the

same time be a great benefit to the

potato industry of the country.





The location of the first plant by this

company at Cadillac was due in a large

measure to the untiring effort of W.

P. Hartman, Agricultural and Indus-

trial Agent of the G. R. & I. R. R.. The

William’s Brothers’ plant which has

been used for the manufacture of shoe-

lasts was well suited for the purpose

of storing potatoes and the manufac-

ture of potato fioilr. The thirteen acres





‘ Potato





N examination of several potato

belts in America will show how

the lines of work under develop-

ment are the result of conditions pe-

culiar to the territory. For example,

in Wisconsin, as is also the case in

several other states, the successful po-

tato grower has, as a rule, an invest-

ment in the live stock business. By

attention to dairying, for example, he

secures each year a valuable supply of

stable manure. On his farm will be

fo’find an allotment of land in rotation

to clover; corn, grain, potatoes and

root crops. This diversified farming

has, of course, its effect on such mat-

ters as rotations, methods of fertiliz-

ing, annual acreage, etc., Successful

potato growing under these conditions

reduires unusual attention to system

and management.

Again, in Wisconsin as in Michigan,

a large amount of new land is annual-

ly coming under development. Settlers

are steadily coming into Wisconsin

from the older settled states and from

European countries. The potato likes

the fertile well drained, new soils of

the north; it grows to a very high de-





of ground and the buildings as shown

in the accompanying illustration were

purchased by the Falk Company. The

present capacity of this plant is from

eight hundred to nine hundred cars an-

nually, and it can easily be doubled in

a few weeks’ time. This represents

an investment of about $50,000. The

secretary and general manager, Mr. I.

A. Simons, informed the writer that it

is the intention of the company to ex-

tend these operations until there are

at least ten such plants in the United

States. One more plant will probably

be built in Michigan during the com-

ing season. '





place in the form of potato flour.





 





ureae ‘





tZat lVi/l C envert a Liaéility Into





By (LIV. Waia’.





 





 





Space will permit of only a brief

statement relative to the process of

manufacturing potato flour in this fac~‘

tory. The machinery for this purpose

is of such a nature and so arranged

that the potatoes start in at one place

and in the course of a half-hour or an

hour at the most, come out at another

No

handling is necessary anywhere along

the line. The machinery is arranged

in the following order: Washer, peel-

er, cooker, flaker, flour mill and bolter.

The peeling is done by friction and

centrifugal motion. The flaker is much

like a large printing press. The con-





nections between all of these machines .

is made by the use of elevators and

blowers. ,



The product is darker than wheat

flour but of about the same degree of

fineness. It is used in various ways,

but chiefly in combination with wheat.

flour in the making of bread. When so

used it adds to the palatability as well

as keeping quality of the bread. The

'Falk Company propose putting on a

campaign of advertising this season

which will no doubt do much to in-

crease the use of potato flour in this

country.



Few people realize what this new in-

dustry will mean to the potato grow-

ers. If it continues to develop as plan-

ned it will prove a very great factor

in stabilizing prices and especially in

preventing very low prices. They are

paying sixty cents per hundred for

small potatoes at this writing. They

can use sound potatoes of any size and

when the market is low they will no

doubt purchase No. 1 potatoes and

thus help keep the prices of all pota-

toes at a higher level than would be

the case with no such outlet for the

surplus. .



Michigan ships annually about 10,000

cars of potatoes, some years more,

some less, depending on the size of the

crop. When it is realized that the

Falk Company may be in position, an-

other season, to utilize at least 2,500

cars of potatoes, some years more

it can readily be seen that this com-

pany may be of great benefit to the po-

tato industry of the state.





-‘/





Visitors are welcome at the plant.

Mr. M. J. Doherty is manager of the

Cadillac plant and those who call.

should ask for him.





Problems In Wisconsin





amount of good seed of the Rural New





Haw Organized Efort is Improving the Potato C rep

in a State W/zere Conditions are Identical wit/2 Ours.





gree of perfection on these soils.



Organized work should be successful

in a big industry like potato growing.

The grower, dealer, shipper, manufac-

turer and consumer have many prob-

lems in common in addition to their

own special interests. The adoption

of correct cultural practices, the main-

tenance of soil fertility, the elimina-

tion of waste in shipping, the guaran-

tee of. quality, all these factors have

a. common interest.



In Wisconsin we have found the or-

ganization of a strong community in-

terest and spirit has been essential

to the development of organized state

potato work. The farmer and potato

grower have joined in state work

largely through interest as aroused in

local problems.



Many counties, for example, have

become aroused to the possibilities of

raising one or a limited number of

standard varieties. Possibly either the

Rural New Yorker or Green Moun-





tain proves to be especially adaptable.

It may be apparent to them that as the

industry develops it will be important

to maintain these varieties pure. The

county agent may have been able to

point out that the fields are mixed

and also the importance of remedying

the situation.



In many ways, community organiza-

tions are fostered, and after this com-

munity spirit is aroused a very fertile

field is opened for such specialized

work as seed inSpection'and the devel-

opment of active workers in State As-

sociation work.



Branch stations and demonstration

farms have been located in several sec-

tions of Wisconsin. Most of the potato

work is located at Spooner, where fav-

orable soil and storage conditions are

available. On this station only stand-

ard varieties are grown on a field

scale. Through field selection and care-

ful cultural practice, progress has been

made in growing annually a limited





Yorker, Green Mountain, Triumph,

Early Ohio, and Irish Cobbler varie-

ties. This stock has been disseminated

to growers and has been awarded to

boys and girls for use in club work.

Fertilizer trials, hill selection 'work,

spraying experiments and demonstra-

tions are organized at this station. The

Horticultural Department of the Ex-

periment Station has charge of this

work.



Careful attention has been given to

the adoption of standards consistent

with growing conditions and the be-

havior of the crop under actual field

conditions. A record is furnished on

variety, purity, disease, stands, cultur-

al conditions, yields. The fact that

about one hundred and twenty-five

growers receive certificates from a list

of one hundred and seventy-five appli-

cants, indicates about the average

number of rejections and withdrawals

under the present plan during the last

four years. Rejections have been due

largely to blackleg, rhizoctonia, faulty

vine growth, common scab; variety



(Continued on next page).





 





 





: ,
. . . . .zwr‘3-w’” r..,,: '

.w“ ‘ Li





- mixtures, faulty sorting, coarse stock

and faulty cultural methods. This pol-

: icy has provided a close spirit of coop-

eiatlon in improving the -.crop



Under the seed ceitification plan

now in operation in Wisconsin, the Ex

petiment Station simply furnishes the

above record to the individual grower

or organization A sales organization

has been termed to handle the sales

side of the business. This organization

is incorporated and is entirely distinct

from the State Association or any de.

pertinent of the Experiment Station.





A It will grow and develop rapidly. as the





seed potato business becomes better





organized. Variety standardization and

, community organization are important





features of association work.



. The Wisconsin Potato Growers’ As-

sociation receives an annual appropriac

tion from the legislature for the leg-

islature recognizes the problems of de

velopment and standardization. In this

respect the same treatment has been

given to the live stock organizations,

cheese makers, the Horticultural So-

ciety, Wisconsin Experiment Associa-





tion and other state agricultural and





cooperative organisations publicity hu-

mans. This is proving of ”great Helle-

fit to all concerned. , .



The State Association was organized

to promote the interests of every





branch of the industry. Growers, deal-r





ers, transportation interests, manufac-

turers, state and government workers

all are represented in its membership.



The association has operated exhibit

cars through potato growing territory

and in surrounding states. Through

bulletins. circulars and posters the as-





Ncws of the Agricultural





ASKS $500,000 FOR CONTROL OF

CORN BORER, SPREADING.





 





' S ECRETARY HOUSTON has asked

that an appropriation of $600,000 be

made immediately available for work

in connection with the control of the

European corn borer. The request is

contained in a letter adrressed to Sen-

ator Gore, chairman of the Senate

Committee on Agriculture and For-

estry.



Until recently the insect was not

known to be present except in some

sections of Massachusetts, but the sec-

ietary says that within ten days prior

to the writing of the letter it has been

found near Schenctady, New York, ov-

er an area comprising perhaps sixty

square miles, and in a restricted reg-

ion in Connecticut. It is entirely pos-

sible, he. thinks, that it occurs in other

restricted areas not yet ascertained.



The department has been forced to

the conclusion. says the secretary, that

the insect is so firmly established as

to make extermination impossible, and

that it is a question whether it will be

feasible to develop any satisfactory

method of control. But, he adds, the

danger of the spread of the insect

from infested points in regions 01" in-

tensive corn culture is so great, and

the damage it would probably do so

serious that he believes congress would

be justified in making available the ap—

propriation asked for use in carrying

out any control measures that it may

be possible to devise. It is impossible

to say whether the full amuont of the

appropriation asked will be required.





BINDER TWINE PRICE LOWER.

FARMERS will be able to buy their



binder twine this year at a price

slightly less than last year. There is

no prospect of a shortage such as was

threatened in 1918. Sufficient sisal fibre

already has been imported to meet the

demands during the present year, even

though a huge wheat crop is in sight.



The price of 211/4 cents is two cents

less than last year, when a price of

23% cents prevailed.



While the price of binder twine will

be about three times as much as four

years ago the farmers probably will

not do much complaining, while the

32.26 wheat guarantee prevails. A De

partment of Agriculture expert esti~

smated roughly that it would cost a

farmer about twenty-eight cents per

.~ acre additional for twine to bind his

wheat over what it did four years ago.

but that his revenue under the $2.26

’ guarantee will be about $19.50 an acre

more than it was when wheat did not

go higher than $1.00 a bushel.



In 1915 sisal fiber cost the twine

manufacturers 4% cents a pound, and

the twine sold at wholesale from 7%

to 7% cents. The prices in 1918 were,

respectively, 7% cents and 9% cents.





 





the fiber and from 15% to 18% cents

for the twine. Last year, in January.

, the fiber cost 19% cents and the twine

', 23% costs



1' The latest quotations for fiber were

then 15 1-6 to 10% cents This price is

, likely-terminal! during them





   

 

 

   

 





ing season, although there may

slight reductions.



Recently there was a surplus of steel

fiber in Yucatan, where most of it is

produced. This situation was relieved

to a considerable extent by the ship-

ment of 45.000 bales to Spain.





 





SOLVES FRUIT MARKET PROS.

LEM.





 





EVEN central fruit-packing houses



have been formed, incorporated,

and are now working in Niagara coun-

ty, New York, as a result of intensive

work done by the Niagara county farm

bureau cooperating with the New York

State College of Agriculture and the

United States Department of Agricul-

ture. These seven associations this

year will pack approximately 120,000

barrels of apples, 50,000 bushels of

peaches, 12,000 bushels of pears, and

will sell cooperatively one hundred and

thirty—five tons of grapes._ At present

prices the business will amount to

about $800,000, but as most of the ap-

ples are going into storage to be held

for higher prices the amount involved

may reach the $1,000,000 mark.



The initial investment in packing

houses and equipment, such as scales

and graders. amounts to $25,700 and

has been raised among 174 producers.

All apples and peaches are being

packed to a common standard, the

rules and regulations for which have

been made by the county association,

and all will be marketed under a com-

mon brand. This brand is owned by

the county association. so that it may

be withheld from any local association

that does not meet the requirements.





 





ANNUAL REPORT OF THE ADRIAN

COMMUNITY MARKET.





 





HE Adrian Community Market in



its first year not only did a busi-

ness amounting to $100,000, but has a

surplus fund of $539.64 on hand which

will be distributed among the stock-

holders in the form of a dividend.



As a result of the annual meeting of

the stockholders, a recommendation

was made that the capital stock of the

market be increased and that a new

market building with modern equip-

ment be constructed. A meeting of the

stockholders was held March 28, at

which time the proposition of increas-

ing the capital stock from $10,000 to

$15,000 was submitted.



W. G. Braden, manager of the Mar-

ket, read the report of the year’s work

at the meeting of the stockholders.

Besides giving the information above

mentioned. he also outlined the work

which he hopes to accomplish in the

future. After the report was read

those present gave the directors and

manager a rising vote of thanks.



The increase in capital stock will be

used for the purchase of a permanent

site and the erection of a new modern





' In 1917 they jumped to 14% cents for ly equipped building, in addition to “-00





creasing the working capital of the

market.



The election of onsets resulted as

follows: President. Paul J Killer;

vice-president, A. E. mention; Jeers

tary, Franklin Russell; treasurer. Fred

Walnuts. . The board of directors :1)-





bepolnted was as follows: J. L. Richard.





L. A. White, F. C. Ehinger, L H. Rem-





us and Edward 'Ballenberger.

Financial Statement.





Liabilities.



Capital stock ............... $7, 097. 50



Bids payable ................



Profit ................. 539.64

$7,680.11



Assets.



Cash on hand ..... . ........ 3 599.29



Cash in bank ............... 593.56



Merchandise stock .......... 2,155.69





Office supplies and plant fix-

tures

Accounts receivable ........





 





TURNING LOSS TO PROFIT.





 





ALL Street has many men who

have kept their heads in the face

of disaster and come out with a profit.

Admiring them, it may have time to

admire a similar feat by a farm bu-





reau in Montana.





Last summer a hail storm beat down

forty-eight thousand acres of magnifi-

cent wheat just ready for harvesting.

With their all staked on the wheat, the

farmers were discouraged and deject~

ed, for it mant a year’s work lost to

them. But the members of the farm

bureau decided the wheat could be sav-

ed. They telegraphed orders for large

numbers of hogs to come and harvest

the wheat, and raised the money to

pay for them. The new-idea harvest-

ers arrived by carloads and were set to

work. Never did farmers and farmers’

wives have such an easy summer, for

these harvesters worked willingly and

The wheat was

harvested and, packed in pigskins, was

shipped to market, and what promised

to be a total loss became a handsome





boarded themselves.





profit.

Moral :

elements are. against you.





 





MAINTAIN THE BARLEY ACREAGE.





 





HE coming season islikely to be

a critical one in barley culture in

Barley has not

been grown nearly so widely as the

yield per acre in pounds of feed would

justify. and it is feared that the loss of

the milling and brewing market may

reduce the acreage still more. From

the standpoint of farm economy, the

barley acreage in the northern states

should not be reduced below the need

for farm teed. \Barley is a good feed

grain for all classes of live stock. In

the northern states it yields more

pounds of feed to the acre than any



It yields

It does not

respond well on lands that are, wet or

On favorable

soils in the northern states the farmer

would do well to maintain his barley

now. especially if he has live stock



towhich he may feed it. It will give

a generous return in feed and at the

same time lit into almost any rotation.

it also lends itself readily to' the man-

agelncntotthe farm,asinmanyloca.

done it can be seeded later than spring

wheat and thus use farm labor to good





the northern states.





of the other small grains.

best on well-drained soils.





lands that are sandy.





Mm





 





sedation circulates





.................... 3, 719. 65

651. 92





$7,680.11





Don't give up even when the





 





   





   





descriptive charter

plenum lists Variety descriptions and





"sillilar matter.





Above all, the association believes

that the entire industry should get tc~

gether once a. year in what is now

known as the Wisconsin Potato Expe-

sition. This has developed from what

11 baseen known heretofore as the Wis—

consin Potato Show and Annual Cen-

vention. The exposition now is perma-

nently located at Milwaukee and the

week preceding Thanksgiving is known

as “Potato Week in -Wisconsin.“





World





BEAN PRICES, PORK PRICES,

FIXED PRICES.





 





(Continued from page 524).

should be presented. It seems more

queer that all of this should have been

7discovered at a time when farmers

want these figures. But then, we have

the expert testimony of a. number of

doctors of agriculture that such is the

case, so what can the farmers do?



Doctors Split Hairs.



“Nero fiddling while Rome burned"

presented about as interesting a spec

tacle as these learned doctors and bril-v

liant economists who are busy split-

ting hairs over technicalities in Dr.

Spillman’s reports while the millions

of farmers in the country are facing





the most discouraging prospect. With- '





out cost of production figures of some

kind the hands of the farmers are

tied; they cannot claim representation

in the great council of organized in-

dustries that is to decide upon the

prices, their products must be sold for.



The farmers are denied any cost of

production figures because a few high

oracles in Washington, whose intel-

lects are cut on the bias, have not

woke up to the fact that their days of

hoodwinking the great mass of clear-

thinking, hard-working farmers are

past. In this present crisis of agricul.

tural affairs the farmers are getting

into a mood where they are going to

rise up in one great organization and

demand these cost figures, and judge

for themselves whether or not Dr.

Spillman has covered the subject ade-

quately, or presented it as it should

have been presented.



A Board of Censors.



If the suppressed reports and bulle-

tins oi Dr. Spillman’s are unfit litera-

ture for the average farmer why not

relieve the minds of these obfusticated

doctors of agriculture by having our

State Farm Bureaus get together and

appoint a “Board of Censors," sort of

along the lines of the great “Industrial

Equilibrium Board" and have our var

ious “Accelerators of Agriculture” de-

mand those figures and bulletins. Then.

if they are fit for the farmer to read

have them printed and passed out.



So far as the danger of having them

fall into the hands of innocent chil-

dren is concerned there is little danger

so long as the supply of Diamond

Dick's, Rattlesnake Pete's and Nick

Carter's stories are within reach. I

never did see a normal child pick up

a Department of Agriculture report or

bulletin in preference to such stories;

they do net cover the subject adequate

ly, nor in the way it should be covered



Adopts a Pet.



In adopting the National‘ Chamber

of Agriculture idea from the farmers

of Michigan, Iowa and other states

and endeavorlng to frustrate the hon.

est eitorts of the farmers of the coun«

try in having a powerful National

Farm Organization that could repre«

sent them in national councils, the

great Department of Agriculture is in

somewhat the nine predicament as

the “old woman” who adopw a W

lion. It proved an interesting not until

onedsyshewuwithintbelien. In

the meantime the farmers as ‘

mt the cost or reduction
Should Local





Organizations





Affiliate with Farm Bureaus?





' The question of whether' our Farm-

ers’ Club shall join the State Club, and

the State Farm Bureau, that was or-

ganized at East Lansing a short time

ago during Farmers’ Week, will come

up for discussion. Will you be good

enough to tell me your opinion of the

latter? Is it the same as the National

Board of Agriculture that you have

been advocating for some time, or is

the college at East Lansing and the

Department of Agriculture at Wash-

ington seeking to pull wool over our

eyes? After reading Dr. Spillman’s

disclosure the conservative farmers

wish'to be reasonably sure before join-





ing either.

Newaygo Co. W. J. S.





N my opinion, what the farmers of

the state need today more than

anything else is business organiza-



tion. Agriculture is handicapped be-

cause farmers, are not organized for

business. We see this in national af-

fairs more than anything else. In this

reconstruction. period the farmers of

America have no central business or-

ganization to take their part in the re-

construction of the business of the

country. It is said that a group of

wealthy men, largely interested in

manufacturing, are Willing to combine

their wealth and their influence to beat

down the price of agricultural products

largely to satisfy their employes, to

give them cheaper food. If they can

reduce the price of food products it

will save them from maintaining or

increasing the price of wages because

the laboringman must have a suffi-

cient wage to make a decent living and

of course, the lower the cost of food

the lower can be the wage of the labor-

ing man. But a movement of this sort

is not justice to the farmer. The farm-

er ought to have the cost of produc-

tion plus a decent profit and then the

wage of the laboring man ought to be

adjusted to correspond. It isn’t fair

to the farmer to fix the laboring man’s

wage at a certain amount and then

ask the farmer“ to produce food cheap

enough so that the laboring man can

make a living. The farmer is the foun—

dation of all and he should be the one

to be first considered. It is only rea-

sonable that he ask the cost of produc-

tion and a profit and let the other in-

dustries base the wage scale on this

basis.





Now if we had a great national farm-

ers’business organization that was en-

tirely free from politics or anything

else, simply a real farmers’ business

organization that could make itself felt

in national affairs, a thing of this sort

could be adjusted fair to the farmer,

but with no organization of this sort

the farmer is liable to be made the

“goat.” In the end, of course, this

would not work to the advantage of

the laboring class. If the farmer is

compelled to produce food below cost

of production then he is going out of

business eventually or he is going to

lessen production at least and with a

lessened production there will be great-

er demand and, an increase in price

and the result will be the reverse of

that sought to be accomplished.





Therefore I believe every local farm-

ers' club ought to join the State Asso-

ciation of Farmers’ Clubs. We want to

get a state and national organization.

But the farm bureau is an organiza-

tion of a little bit different type, a dif-





ferent character. This organization as





you probably know, is ,‘composed of

farmers of each county organized un-

der the supervision of the county agri-

cultural agent. The county agent works

‘ . f‘ their plansiand re-



. ."flfit





at Lansing as you say, and organized a

state farm bureau. This 'is purely a

business organization. It seems to me

that it has the right foundation to do

the work that I have outlined above.

It comes from the right source to have

the proper influence on national agri—

cultural and industrial questions'and

if this organization can be extended

from the state to a national organiza-

tion, including all of the states of the

United States and the same basis of

representation is maintained then we

will have a farmers’ business organiza-

tion that will be a power in maintain

ing a just influence in the industries

of the nation. That is what agriculture

needs today. I believe this organiza-

tion is built with honest intentions. I

have great confidence in the man they

elected as state president of the Farm-

ers’ Clubs, Hon. Robert Morrell, of

Benton Harbor. I believe he can be re.

lied upon. If a man like that could be

elected president of a national farm-

ers’ bureau and be properly. backed by

the state and county organization, the

farmers would have a just hearing and

the place of agriculture in the read-

justment would be carefully considered

and justice would be done to all con-

cerned.





The very foundation for the farmer’s

getting cost of production and a profit

is in properly estimating the cost. Two

or three semi-social organizations rep-

resenting different farmers’ interests

cannot get together and determine the

price of.agricultural products. In the

first place, it is impossible to do that;

and in the second place the people will





not believe that they have the proper





data at hand to determine the approxi-

mate, actual cost. But such an organ-

ization as the state farm bureau would

have the necessary data to determine

the cost of production and when deter-

mined in this way‘this would be above

suspicion. .You would have facts then

which could be placed before the great

court of public opinion and be confi—

dent that they were substantially cor-

rect.





To my mind, all that is necessary .





for the farmer to get a square deal is

to put his case honestly and squarely

before the great mass of consumers of

this country. I don’t believe a major-

ity of them want him to produce crops

below cost. They want him to have a

square deal, to get the cost of produc-

tion and a small profl't. In determin-

ing this cost the farmers must be fair

and square; they must not take undue

advantage of crop failures and that





sort of thing, and if you have an or—‘





ganization composed entirely of farm-

ers, men who get their living from

farming, and will put the proposition

of this sort fairly and squarely before

the people it will have the right kind

of influence and people will stand by

the farmer for justice and right.





This new organization is practically





the same as the one proposed by State .





Market Commissioner James N. Mc-

Bride. His idea was to have a nation-

al chamber of agriculture but “what’s

in a name?" It means the same thing.

The national farm bureau would

amount to exactly the same thing as

the national chamber of agriculture.

The idea of Mr. McBride was to have

an organization based on the founda-

tion of the farm bureaus which is iden-

tical with this organization. I really

think this new organization is a little

stronger because it has the sanction of

goVernment officials. 0.0: L. -.





 





 





 





 





Suppose you were Farmer John Brown

and you wanted to buy. a separator. You





asked several separator manufacturers to

send you a ten- word telegram, stating in the most

convincing way, why their separator was the one

you should buy. Sharples would only need five

words: “Skims clean at any speed,” and you

would not have to ask for anything further.





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[J SHARPLES

[j c...“ mama

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SUCTION-FEED



No other separator manufacturer could put into

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at‘any speed.” They would

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well-known, that it cost less

and everything else but the

one big reason why you need

a separator—to get all the

butterfat out of your milk.

Sharples also has the exclu-

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the .bowl; knee-low tank;

once a month oiling system;

durable construction and,

besides, it is the pioneer

American Separator. Write

for catalog to nearest office,

addressing Dept. 18



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THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR C0., West Chester, Pa.





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instantly to the right or left, width between Woman’s World, mo .............





an instantly adjusted while machine is in I ' v

fnotgign. Horseslurnish power.driveronlysteers. BOYS world 0!‘ G'rls Comp., mo. °





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KRAUS PIVOT GANG. n be equipped with



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The greatest improvement in 4

‘ recent years. Afifllfl commer-

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cont-ins most war

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No. 8.





 





 

   

   

 

   

   





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KRON CULTIVAT '





3? AKRON.
Who OWHSI

The Standard.

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(Indiana)





HE Standard Oil



Company of Indi-

ana is a corporation

owned by the people

at large, doing for the

people, to the best of

its ability, a big job in

a highly specialized

branch of industry





The ownership is spread over

4623 stockholders— 2084 of

them women—mot one own-

ing as much as ten percent of

the total.





The 30 million dollars of capi-

tal stock represents a cash in;

vestment of $117,509,465.00.





Contrary to popular opinion,

the Standard Oil Company of

Indiana is not a close corpora-

tion, owned and controlled by

one or two rich men.





You may become a stock-

holder—go to any broker and

he will buy for you as much

stock as you want at the mar- .





ket price. .





Standard 811;) Company

910 S. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Ill.





.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





it





'1





si—lEEP KILLED BY Does.





 





1 had a'sheep killed by dogs, and the

justice gave the town clerk a certifi-

cate of loss at $30, which the town





board cut to $25. The supervisor said

he could-no nothing and advised me to





hand it in to the town meeting. Should

I go to law? W. .

The owner of the dog that did‘the

damage is liable for double the loss by

the statute, and should he proceeded

against before making claim against

the town if he is known. The town

board has authority to cut the award

made by the justice, but cannot in-

crease it, and the only liability of the

town is the dog-tax fund, which is pay-

able to the persons suffering loss in

any year in proportion till all are paid

in full before any losses for any we

ceeding year can be paid.



JOHN R. 300D.





 





FOBFEITURE OF LAND GON-

TRACT.





 





It a man buys a place on contract

and pays the interest and installment

for 1917 in 1918 (within a year after

it is due) can the seller force him from

the place if he cannot pay for 191823

L. .





If the buyer of land on contract

does not make the payments at the

time agreed, the seller may at once

commence proceedings before a circuit

court commissioner of the county, by

summons returnable not less than

three days after its date and served at

least to days before the time for ap-

pearance. 0n the return day the com-

missioner may adjourn the case or try

it and give judgment. If judgment is

given for the plaintiff and not appeal-

ed from within thirty days a writ of

restitution may be issued by the com-

missioner to put the plaintiff into pos-

session. But no such writ can issue if

the defendant within that time pays

the amount found due under the con-

tract. The circuit may for cause ex-

tend the time to appeal.



JOHN R. ROOD.





 





LIABILITY FOR PAPER AFTER

SUBSCRIP‘HON EXPIRES.





 





A man subscribed for a paper and

when the subscription expired the pub-

lisher kept on sending it; the man died

and l was appointed administratorand

notified the publisher of the death and

to stop the paper, but he just changed

the name and kept sending it to the

man’s widow. Now she is dead, and

I am her administrator. and the paper

is still coming. Can the publisher keep

on sending the paper and collect it if

it is taken from the mail box?





There is one decision by the su-

preme court of New Hampshire about

fifty years ago that a subscriber who

continues to take the paper from the

post office year after year without noti-

fying the publisher to stop it, is liable

for the subscription to the time that

be orders it stopped or refuses to take

it from the post office. But some

search has failed to find anywhere an

intimation that the subscriber is liable

for a subscription after such notice or

refusal, and most clearly one who nev-

er was a subscriber is not liable for

taking the paper sent him with no no

the of how or why it is sent. Must I

III! my neighbor for giving me a both

because he has thrown me into the

lake without my request? No one can

be compelled to reply loan offer at the

rhk of being held to an implied con-

troctil he does not reply. In anold

case a men having possession of a

horse wrote the owner saying, “unless

lbearlromyoulwill understandbe

Eminent that_prlce;"theownernodo





 





. no rally. and: the cont ”timbre!“





no contract; This ruling has been fol-





lowed in numerous kindred cases.



There is another angle to the case;

the postal regulations are violated by

the sending of a paper to a subscriber

for more than a year after his subscrip-

tion has expired without a definite

promise by him to pay for the paper

for a definite future time, unless

stamps are attached at regular pound

rates It would seem that it is the

publisher. not the administrator, who

is in danger in this case. .



'a JOHN R. Boon.





 





lMPROVlNG A STAND OF WHEAT.





 





Last fall I treated my wheat for

smut. The following day, Tuesday, l

sowed about three acres. A big arin

then came on and I was unable to sow

the rest of the field until Saturday.‘

The first three acres looks fine. The

remaining eight acres is about a half

a. stand~perhaps a little better. i

suppose this condition is caused by the

wheat standing several days after

treating for smut before I sowed. I

have treated my seed for several years

but this is my first failure. Next time

I will know better than to sow treated

wheat after it has stood several days.

Experience is a good teacher but often

a dear one. Some have told me to

disk the field lightly and sow in about

one bushel of spring wheat to the acre.

Others say to sow in barley and use

the mixture of feed, Still others say

to sow oats and screen the wheat out.

Now this is splendid clay land worth

$135 per acre. It has good natural

drainage and I can work it as soon as

any field on the place. It raised sixty

bushels of oats per acre last year. I

can't afford to leave the field as it is





and run chances of a half crop. It is

the good crop which brings the profit.

Genesee Co. E. P. C.





It will be a difficult proposition to

improve this seeding of wheat. If you

attempt to reseed with spring wheat the

chances are that the winter wheat and

the spring wheat will not ripen togetlr

er and there will be considerable loss

in harvesting. The same thing is true

in seeding oats. When the oats ought

to be cut the wheat won’t be ready to

cut and if you cut in time to save one

crop you will sacrifice greatly on the

other, besides, too much discing will

very much injure the present stand.





If, as you say, you have half a stand

1 am inclined to think there is more

profit in it for you to let it alone and

harvest this half a stand. Many times

where the Wheat is thin it develops

wonderful heads and gets a much bet.

ter yield in proportion to the stand

than one would get from a thick stand.

Of course, if this land is foul and there

should be lots of grass and weeds grow

up with a thin stand of wheat this

would interfere with the development

of the wheat. If you leave the field as

it is and harvest it you are under no

expense of either money or labor. If

you attempt to patch it up with spring

wheat, oats or barley. I am satisfied

you will be disappointed. If it is half

a. stand it is too good to plow up, tak-

ing into consideration the extra cost

and necessary risk for another crop.



Had you intended to seed this to clo-

ver then I would say without any hes-

itation, leave the wheat because you

would without question have a better

stand of clover with a thin seeding of

whent than you 'wonld with a heavy

seeding,butifyondonotlntendto

seed to clover this would not count.

It you have plenty of labor and plenty

olthnetoplowthisnpandputitlnto

another crop you might make more

mononlntldoubt it. C. 0.1..





 





better “I“
tr





, HE seventeen-year locust, or Pe-



. .riodical Cicada as it is more cor-

rectly called, is due in Michigan



this year. Its, last appearance in this

state was in 1902. This coming spring,

after an absence of seventeen years, it

will appear again in the same locali-

ties that they visited when they were

here before. .Late in May or'about the

first of June people living nearby will

hear the shrill monotonous song of

these insects. The gift of song is

found in the male insects only, and the

true sound apparatus consists of two

ear-like or shell-like inflated drums sit-

uated on either side of the body behind

the wings. These drums are vibrated

by powerful muscles, producing the





 

 

   

 





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where it will change into a “pupa.”

These pupae oftentimes construct lit-

tle “chimneys” of\ earth that stand

from two to three inches above the

surface of the ground. When it comes

time to emerge one would not think,

if they could see them. that they had

been inactive for such a long time, for

they move with alacrity. Coming out

of the ground through holes about the

size of the end of the little finger, they

immediately try to ascend the most

convenient object, whether it be trees,

bushes, weeds, poles, stumps, fences,

in fact anything upon which they can

get abovethe level of their recent

homes. Soon after when they have

found~ a suitable position they fasten

their toes into whatever they are rest-

ing on. Then the skin along the mid-

dle of their head and neck splits and





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Shaded Portions of Map Show where Cicadas Are Due this Month.





sound which, when once heard, is nev-

er likely to be forgotten.



The cicada is probably the most in-

teresting of all insects found in Mich-

igan, or perhaps in the entire United

States. The strange feature of its life

history is the fact that after hatching

from the egg it goes into the ground

where it stays for seventeen long years.

During this time there is no visible

sign to tell us where they are or what

they are doing, but in just seventeen

years they'will come out again nearly

full grown. Otherwise they do not dif-

fer much from the creature that went

into the ground years before. ’The ,in-

teresting part of it is that all of the

several millions of these insects spend-

ing this length of time in the ground,

come out at the same time or within

a couple of weeks of one andther. The

appearance of this insect has been at

such regular intervals that we know

just about when and where to look for

it. It has been recorded in this coun-

try for over two hundred and fifty

years. As early as 1666 a paper print-

ed the following account of a “locust

yearz” _ “There was such a swarm of

a certain sort of insects in that Eng-

lish colony, that for the space of two

hundred miles they poisoned and de-

stroyed all the .trees of the country;

there being found innumerable little

holes in the ground, out of which these

insects brake forth in the form~ of mag-

gots, which turned into flyes that had

a} kind of -tail or, sting, Which they

. stuck into the tree and thereby enven-

omed and killed 1125’.“ : , ’



i=1. = , 9 ,, History."





~





 

 

 





 





' ions:





arm. Pennsylvania;





out of this aperture a creamy white

creature comes forth. Within a short

time the wing—pads spread out and fin-

ally fOrm the large membranous wings

of the adult-cicada.



Damage Done by Cicadas.



The adult cicadas do little if any

feeding and so there is slight chance

for damage in this manner. The great-

est damage done by them is when they

lay their eggs. They choose the small-

est branches for this purpose most gen-

erally the previous year's growth, and

thrust their ovidepositor, or egg—laying

organ, into slits cut into the twigs.

The damage done when these eggs are

laid in oak or hickory trees is not so

severe as when they are laid in peach

p’ear, or apple trees. Even grape vines

are often injured quite badly. These

punctures in the branches weaken

them so that a strong wind often caus-

es them to break. The leaves ‘on in-

jured limbs often turn brown while the

fruit remains small and do not mature.

These open slits often afford a fine

feeding place for the wooly aphis or

among the plant diseases canker or

fire blight may enter.



' Where they will Appear.



The cicadas that will appear next

springin Michigan is known to scien-

tists as Brood X. Another brood will

appear in Michigan in 1922 which is

known as Brood XIII. This will ap-

pear along thefiv southern border of the

state. Brood X is one of the largest in

the country. Leaving out the numer»

.ous scattering Colonies this brood may





be said, to occupy, three importantmr‘eg- ,

, ,. . _ , (I) an eastern'region,covgrjng' .-

nymphs. L098 Island'sliew Jersey. southeastern ,_





northern » West.





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





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You Ride On





DIRT track champions of America—that’s the title Ajax

, Tires have won for two years in succession.



Think what these Ajax dirt track victories mean to you.

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The big reason why leading dirt track racers insist on Ajax

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Note the massive tread of the Ajax Road King. See the triangle

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Ajax Tires Are Guaranteed In Writing 5000 Miles





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now -





 





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—all sizes—2 to 30 H-P.— ero—

Gene ... Gasoline — Stationary —

Portable —- Saw-Rig. If on need

POWER to pump, saw, grin . fill silo£





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 





 





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ENGINE WORKS



2196 Oakland Av... Kenna city, Mo.

‘ 21% Empire II“, -. .mmhllr‘h. .





 





 





 





   

   

   

   

   





 





For Sale Brick yard and Eqni ment for sale. All in



order and capable 0 making thck fir

day. opportunity for any .one wantin to go -

to the business of manufacturing brick. 190 Wind-

mill and lung: tank for sale located on Warren Ave.





near the Snv er. Apfily

J. 0. McDoNALD. 519 ammond Building. Detroit.





 





 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 





Hard generated tamarack Fence Posts. 150 elach.

- .' ma 06d 1' some "08. car m.

. - a(1% OSMUN, pTower. Mich.





 





When Writing to Advertisers, "Please

say “I' Saw Your Ad. in The Michigei





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“was -





 

 





Fame?”- .
i2,- '. i.





 





 

 





 

 

 

 

   





ASSOCIATION





 





 





This

CONCRETE

FEEDING

FLOOR





pulled the hog lot





out of the mud





-—and the hogs

paid for it





They wasted no feed

and produced more

ham and bacon.





You pay for a concrete

feeding floor every

year until you build

one.





Once built—always

built. No mud, no dis-

ease, no waste of grain

—-more pork with loss

corn — 100 per cent

profit annually. CAN

YOU BEAT. IT?





You can build a masts

feeding floor.





Wmmtbfsflktt’fia

firBuWinNaSB





Remember.

the hm foot the hat





PORTLAND

CEMENT





would benefit the farmer.”





shin“ Land “0





N an issue of the Michigan Farmer

under date of February 8, 1919.

appeared an article on the subject _





by “Earl W. Gage, Secretary-Treasur-

er of a National Farm Loan Associa-





tion. telling how the single or site tax

If you did

not read this article, please look up

the Michigan Farmer of that date and

read it; wish you would read it again

if you have read it, as I want to take





. up and discuss some of the statements





and illustrations used by him in his

article.



First, let us ask ourselves, “What

are taxes, or the taxes which we are

discussing?" Webster says, “a charge.

especially a pecuniary burden imposed

by authority; a forced contribution of

wealth to meet the public needs of a

government, or a community.” Very

well. do the needs or wants of differ-

ent communities differ ’one from the

other? We all answer, undoubtedly

they do, and we all concede that the

wants or needs of the same commu-

nity will vary one year with another,

won’t we? Will we admit that the ac.

tual wealth or value of communities

will differ very greatly owing to vari-

ous conditions not necessary to specify

here? I think we can, in fairness to

all. Then we can readily see how the

amount of taxes necessary to be raised

to meet the requirements in different

communities would vary very greatly.

and it would be unfair to say that be-

cause the average tax on a farm of a

certain size, in a certain locality, in a

certain year was $23.50, that all farms

of that size wherever located should

pay a tax of $23.50, no more, no less.

Mr. Gage referred us to the fact that

the tax on one hundred and sixty acres

of land in Saskatchewan was $23.50.

To me this means nothing, without

other very essential facts. In looking

over my receipts, I find that in rural

districts, the entire yearly tax budget

is made up of the wants or needs of

several different departments or divi-

sions of “social service," so-called, by

Mr. Gage, ‘but appearing on your tax

receipt as “State, County, Town, Road

Repair, School & 1 Mill High. Imp.

County Road, Weed, Bridge and Ditch

tax." For my own information, I went,

over five of my tax receipts for 1918

and determined the rate of taxation

that was assessed against the different

properties for the difierent purposes,

and in their several locations. I will

submit the result for you. You will

notice that I simply put in the rate or

per cent used in the different divisions,

not the amounts, as the valuations dif—

fer in each case. You will realize that

a very small difference in the rate or

per cent used, will make a very mate-

rial difference in the amount of taxes

assessed, especially where valuations

were at all high; and as the valuations

here . used are the valuations placed

by a committee or a commission ap-

pointed by the state, during 1918, for

the express purpose of placing on rec-

ord. an’actual cash valuation of all real

estate in the county where my farms

are located, and a similar commission

appointed by the same state and for

the same purpose placed the valuations

on the real estate in the city of De-

troit, I think we can in fairness to all,

aCCept them as fair valuations all

around. Here are the tax rates:





County. Town. State.

Mecosta Sheridan .. . . . . . . .00196

Mecosta Fork ........... 00196

Mecosta _ Wheatland . ... . . .00196

NW chipmfl .090... ”I” “

Wayne City of Detroit. . . .0017





 





 





._. -..‘....





wnc r’s . P





 





 





. ‘ .4

George H. Carpenter,

Rural and City Tak-





payer my: “No. ”





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





ay a1





1. ‘ I ‘axes?

other, each paying for their land the

price that Mr. Gage says is a fair land

valuation for the average farm—$5.00

per acre, or $500 for the one-hundred-

acre farm. Mr. Brown improves his

farm, fences it, erec'ts good buildings.

keeps it in a good state of cultivation,





and it is now worth an assessed valua~

tion of $10,000, as Mr. Gage says it is.





 





 





 





The following shows the total tax and valuations in the different locali-





ties, with total rates corresponding:





Valuav Total Total

County. Township. ' tion. Tax. Rate.

Mecosta Sheridan ................ $ 7,250 $171.36 .0236

Mecosta Fork .................... 1,800 40.10 .0223

Mecosta Wheatland .............. 11,300 177.28 .0157 .

Mecosta Chippewa ............... 1,100 21.77 .02

Wayne Detroit .................. 9,140 194.20 .0212





 





 





Remember that the amount shown

above as taxes paid in Detroit, does

not include the amounts paid for the

privilege of sewers, paving, sidewalks,

etc., as the expense of these are all

obtained from the property owners of

abutting property in what is known as

“special taxes;” then for the privilege

of water, electric light, gas, etc., we,

pay every month for the amount used.

I have inflicted you with the above fig-

ures and statements for the purpose

of impressing upon your mind the fact

that the question of high or low taxa-

tion, does not depend upon the system

of taxation, but does depend upon the

amount of taxes to be raised and upon

the amount or valuation of the prop-

erty from which the tax must be rais-

ed; and this would be true, regardless

of the system, and will always vary

more or less, in every community, and

always, one community with another.



Under our present system, we en—

deavor to tax all wealth, of whatever

nature, wherever found, (with a few

exceptions, such as churches, charita-

ble institutions, etc),'and to make all

stand their proper share of the tax

for public improvement; if we do not

succeed in doing this, it is the fault of

the officials whose duty it is to so as-

sess or spread the tax to be raised, and

not the fault of the tax system. And

we have no assurance that if we chang-

ed the system, we would change the

officials.



In the second paragraph of Mr.

Gage’s letter he says: “Most farm

land has little value compared with

municipal, village, or town property."

He should have said “municipal, vil-

lage, or town land,” as he does not

propose to tax property other than

land.



Let me quote Mr. Gage: “In the

City of Detroit, you may find single

building lots, the price of. which is two

or three times as great as for the larg-

est farm in the state ’ * * this is

because very little of the farm values

of the state are land values: they are

labor values. An ordinary farm worth

$10,000 has about $500 worth f land

value. Deduct the labor values repre-

sented by the house, barn, outbuild-

ings, fences, drains, orchards, crops

and conditions of culture, not more

than $500 would remain that could be

said to be real land values.” Let us

see what this term “land value" means.

As he uses it, it means this: To illus-

trate: Mr. Brown and Mr. Smith, ten

years ago, each bought one hundred

acres of land, the farms joining each





00. Town. ' Rd. Schl.

Tax. Tax. rp. t. ml. t.

.00271 .00228 .0018 .00395

.00271 ‘ .00001 .0051 .003

.00271‘ .00078 .00063 - .00356

.00271 . .0017? .0017? .00246

.00165 1.0048 . i. . .5625





Why is it worth $10,000? Because Mr.

Gage says there has been added to it.

$9,500 worth of labor or man. value and

the farm is now worth $10,000 as a

business proposition; that is, a man

can afford to pay $10,000 for this farm

and can make money on it with that

amount invested in it, but that the

land value has not increased and it

should still be assessed for $500 for

tax purposes. Mr. Brown was able to

go ahead and make his improvements

because of good health, plenty of help

and some money inherited. Unfortu

nately Mr. Smith had but very little

money, could not pay cash for his

farm, rather poor health, and condi—

tions have been such that he has made

very few improvements on is one hun-

dred acres, buildings are small and

poor, no fences, etc. But his farm

should be assessed, under Mr. Gage's

plan, as high as Mr. Brown’s well-im-

proved farm. All right, so far. Now

let us go with Mr. Gage into the city;

Ten years ago Mr. Adams and Mr.

Jones “each bought a lot, paying for

each $250 (I do not think the land val-

ue of either was $250 but we will grant

that it was). The lots were unimprov—

ed, rough, low in places. Mr. Adams

filled his lot with dirt, put in the sew-

er, built sidewalk, paying vfor the same

himself, and erected a fine apartment

house on same, which brings him a

monthly rental of $300; the property

is now worth $30,000, because he had

added $29,750 of labor or man values.

Mr. Jones has done nothing 'to his lot.

Should they both be assessed at $250

each, or should both be raised the

same amount for taxation? Have the

land values increased in the city. They

did not increase in the country for Mr.

Brown. The apartment house is worth

$30,000 as a business proposition, the

same as Mr. Brown's farm is worth

$10,000 for‘a business proposition. Why

should you increase land values in one

locality and not in another? Mr. Gage

did not tell us. But if he does raise

land values increased» in the city? They

country, does he not discriminate

against one locality in favor of anoth-

er? And as farmers, I do not think we

ask favors, but we do want a square

deal all around.



We again quote Mr. Gage: “Taxa-

tion is payment for social service. A

citizen should pay for what he gets

from society. It is clear that the value

of that service is not what a man does

for himself. If a farmer builds a new

barn, is that a service rendered by so-



(Continued on page 556).





th. Co. Bdg. Ditch

imp. t. rd. t. Tax. Tax.



Om .00186 09.... DID...

.0037 . .0018 . 8 ......

.00252 .00188 .0008 .00082

.00208 .00188 .00035 .. . . . .





.2192 (Folios Department). '
WWI— -.,~_—





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Built As Well As We Know Ho





 





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ev1dence of our belief in the triumph of

manufactured goodness.





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tolbuild—much finer than we could have

built five, three or even two years ago.





It is built thus finely in the simple con-

Viction that the most people want that kind

of a tire.





There is. considerably less conscience .or

idealism in this policy than of what may be

taken as sound bus1ness sense.





The Goodyear Gord Tire travels smoothly

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Among users it has aroused an expectancy

of mileage easfly double that of four years

ago. .





THE GOODYEAR TIRE 8c RUBBER COMPANY. AKRON, OHIO





Its reputation and employment are steadily

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becomes more Widely spread.





Today it is standard equipment on a pro-

nounced majority of the finest motor cars

built in this country. '





The Goodyear Cord Tire costs more money

to buy than do tires of an earlier type.





Itsoadditional cost represents additional ma-

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in the tire.





It is the experience of users that despite their

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Our factories have succeeded in attaining

normal production and Goodyear Tires are

now available everywhere.
FORM UNION. tion has become the watchword of the

——-«-—- hour. The producer is ready and will-

history of Macomb county milk he feels that it should be part of his

industry occurred .when delegates problem to familiarize himself with

and organized under one head known standpoint. .

as the Macomb County Dairy Council. We are In hopes that every county

es the unifying of the problems of the “0113- We believe that by properly

entire county and the dealing of same unifying our problems and taking them

rather than from the individual local cient standpoint, carefully 031008318

idea. It is an organisation to render 0111‘ representation and delegates, in-

to the 1,094 men involved and the chi. on 8“ matters “filt- infinite 800‘1 Win

cient handling of the 25,630 gallons of result to all parties concerned. ,

Detroit, also to make possible a closer County Agricultural Agent.

contact with the state organization and

C- Reed- GANIZATION OF EXCHANGE.

From this on the problems of the

sion meeting by one_or two4delegates 0 about seventy-five live stock ship-

representmg the entire 1,09 men me ping associations met at the

as to the method of ”0093?”: T35 Lansing. and organized a statewide

step allevrates the old 0 Jectiona 8 live stock shipping association to be

cal with no definite'idea off wheret each Exchange.

one stood on questions 0 "up” ance. A set of by~laws was adopted at this

emble interest, was the fact that DC‘ or others interested, may secure 3 COPY

U0“. standing as one Of the 1311394"t of the same by request from Mr. L. E.

States, the section of Michigan which The board of directors chosen at the

practically established the price for above mentioned meeting are as fol-

ed Statesllureau of Markets, isminus county; H. T. Gleezen, Cheboygan

a dairy dwismn. The trouble With the county; F. E. Comson, Mecosta coun-

Detroit market is .the fact that there is-,C. L. Harrison, St. Joseph county; 0.

no careful analysxs made of the Situa- E. Beamer, Lenawee county; Wm. E.

producer desires to follow his product ,

through to the consumer and the only 4t the next meeting 0f the represen-

tatxves of the various assocxations it

have a careful daily analysis of the site is hoped to ”F959“ a careful survey

uation and the producer kept posted and map showmg the location Of each

’ live stock shipping association and the

man who should be conversant with volume of business done. It will then

the'details of the Detroit milk market be much easier, either by districts or

should be just as conversant with the distribute the representation on the

detail. as is the distributor or dealer. central board.



The surplus question has occupied met at gasg’Lalnsing 01(1) ME“; 27.and

the attention of every local in Macomb orgamz y e ecting ‘ ' armson,

been a great deal of discussion as to Beamer,.of Lenawee county, treasurer;

ways and means of taking care of it. If L. E. Willet, of Shiawassee county, sec~

quantity, which delegates have been gan county, vice~presidenh .

led to believe, then surely the producer Con unittees covering Lie followmg

the hair and drench her with milk. On 1- Membership; 2’ railroad rates,

the, other hand, if no surplus exists claims and services; 3, selling service

county does not wish to hold back one an-ce; 6' shrinkage; 7’ markings; 8'

quart cf milk that can be consumed by grievances.

er today questions seriously whether ed, the board being 0f the opinion that

there is a surplus existing today or it 'would be advisable to wait until

opinion of the Macomb County Dairy the association could be secured. The

Council that the proper point of attack organization 15 to be financed by :1

Markets. association and a charge of fifty cents



These and a multitude of like prob- per car for each carload of live stock

the gratifying feature was to see A salient feature \of the by-laws

twelve separate and distinct sections adopted is a provision empowering the

mon ground and with their shoulder arrangements With other federations

to the wheel for the express purpose and exchanges as t0 membership and

elected are competent men of long ac- vision is to coordinate and unite the



.quaintance with the milk question and, efforts of all the large cooperative or-

lirgit. ' stancei a live stock shipping associa—

' Mr. Gidian Bryce, of Romeo, was tion in Genesee or Branch county may,



' at It. Clemens. vice-president, and L tween the Michigan Live Stock Ex-

xamlowske, of Washington, secretary- change and the Michigan PotatomGrow-





MIME" 0F MACOMB GOUNTV Meiency in production and distribu-

‘NE of the really big steps in the ing to go half way, but from now on

from twelve different milk locals met

This organization has for its purpos— Will fONOW 08. and form like organiza-

from the standpoint of a county unit up and dealing with them from an elli-

the greatest amount of efl‘lcient service “1110th them as to the stand to take

milk shipped daily in the market of H. V. Kr'r'rLE,

its officers, Messrs. N. P. Hull and R. LIVE STOCK MEN COMPLETE OR-

county will be carried to the commis- N March 20-21, representatives of

volved. these same delegates instructed Michigan Agricultural College, East

plan of sending delegates from each 10- known as the Michigan Live Stock

One question, WhiCh created consid- meeting and all shipping associations

milk consuming centers of the United Willot, Secretary, Laingsburg, Mich.

the rest of the state, sustaining a Unit- lows: Fred Smith, Grand Traverse

present system or inspection on the ty; L E. Willet, Shiawassee county;

tion. The time has arrived when the Hill, Genesee county.

way that it can be accomplished is to

by daily bulletin. If there is any one

it should be the producer and be some other workable plan, to properly

Surplus Question. The board of directors above named

county for some time and there has of St. Joseph county, president; E. C.

such a surplus exists in the alarming rotary, and H' T‘ Gleezen, Of Cheboy-

does not wish to grab Miss Detroit by divisions were appoinetd:

certainly Macomb county or any other in markets; 4’ accounting; 5» 1113111"

the citizens of Detroit, and the produc- N0 manager has as yet been select-

that it has ever existed. It was the some idea 0f the tonnage controlled by

for this analysis lays in the Bureau of membership fee Of $10 for 93°11 10°31

lems developed during the meeting and shipped by local member-associations.

of the county get their feet on com- board of directors to make reciprocal

of getting out of the rut. The officers services. The main intent of this pro

.‘ithc county is backing these men to the ganizations in the state, as for in-

eloctod president; Mr. John C. Miller, through a reciprocal arrangement be-





 





   





 





the business from a business man's_





ers’ Exchange. receive all the tenements; wasmded tpthe





.. V‘“\“ f "





en'oop





of the Potato Grower? Exchange with-

out expense except the actual selling

charges.



A membership campaign is now be-

ing put on to line up all the live stock

interests of the state behind this or-

ganization as it is realized that, in or-

der to be effective and serve the live

stock interests in the most ellicient

manner, it should represent the com.

bined live stock - organizations of the

whole state. Every farmer interested

in", the" production of live stock and all

local ,live stock shipping associations

are especially requested to assist in

this membership campaign. '



It is generally felt that the live stock

industry is one of the largest, if not

the largest, agricultural industry of

Michigan, and it is the principal pur-

pose of the Michigan Live Stock Ex-

change to so unite this industry that

it can bring the great prestage and





. financial power which the industry re





resents to bear in the solution of the

many problems that are now confront~

ing the live stock organizations.





It is our urgent request that all local

live stock shipping associations take

up this matter at once and if any point

should arise on which further informa-

tion is desired, an effort will be made

on the part of the exchange or some

representative to visit the organization

and furnish any desired information.





INDIANA LIVE STOCK MEN MEET.





 





EETING in the greatest breeders'

rally in the history of Hoosier-

dom and the first convention of its kind

in America, Indfima’s live stock asso-

ciations came to a grand round-up at

Indianapolis, March 19~20. The state

dairy association, organizations of Jer-

sey, Guernsey, Shorthorn. Angus and

Hereford breeders, and the state live

stock association were represented in

the thousand or more present, and

speakers of state and national fame

discussed the more important subjects

confronting the producers of beef, pork

and dairy products today.

Dairy Association Resolutions.





Most important of the preliminary

meetings was the convention of dairy-

men the first day, where it was brought

out that the last year has been the

most fruitful in the history of the as-

sociation; although in fact every year

has been one of rapid progress since

C. R. George took hold of the reins to

guide the affairs. In spite of high pric-

es and labor shortage marked improve-





ment‘ has been noted this year in qualr





ity of, the cattle, use of more and bet-

ter purebred sires, cow testing asso-

ciations and more economical feeding.



The tuberculosis eradication law re-

cently passed by the legislature is con—

sidered the most constructive work

fostered by the dairymen. and repre-





sents three years’ efforts on their part,





They have also succeeded in the pas-

sage of a bill to create a live stock

sanitary board. which will make the

choice of the state veterinarian.

'Futurity calf shows were instituted

at the state fair last year, proving an

unusually attractive feature that will





be extended this year. The association ,





has nearly two hundred and fifty mem-

bers including members of ten affiliat-

ed organizations.



Resolutions were passed at the meet-

ing urging the use of butter instead of

butter substitutes in all state charita-

ble and correctional institutions, and

that the state pure. food department,

with the aid of national representa-

tives, use their influence to prohibit

the sale 'of Hebe and other condensed

milk compounds,

which are not derived wholly, from

dairy products. An expression. of sym-



' ' - ~ ‘ so:





 





7 “-k . its





   





 





the ingredients of





 

 





 





the late H. C. Mills, tamer cometary.

and C. B. Benjamin. former proudest,

who died last year.



W. T. McCray spoke of the necessity

of more purebred cattle and greater

care in breeding, - declaring that the

breeder is known largely by the sires

at the head of his herd. D. D. Aitkin.

president of the Holstein-Friesian As—

sociation of America, substantiated

this statement from his experiences

with dairy cattle. He also urged the

keeping of more accurate accounts so

that the cost of production may be

known, but said that before the'value

of any product can be fully known it





,must first be appreciated by the pro-





ducer of it himself. For this reason

the dairyman must first realize the

food value of milk and butter, and not

reduce the importance of his position -

by using substitutes for his own pro

duct. /



Speakers at the rally on March 20

dwelt mainly on three or four'funda-

mentals of economical live stock has-

bandry, namely, the use of pure-bred

breeding stock, principally highclass

sires, reduction in the cost of produc-

ing meat, eradication of disease, and

educational work in relation to live

stock breeding and feeding. Governor

Frank O. Lowden, of Illinois, spoke

forcibly for elimination of scrub sires,

pointing out the advantage of pure

bred bulls in his own experience in

breeding Shorthoms. He declared

that another fundamental feature of

successful live stock farming is coop—

eration among members or a commu-

nity, pointing to the community breed-

ing plans followed by Holland and Den~

mark.



“Wherever a half-dozen farmers get

together for a common purpose in ad-

vancing their interest. agriculture be-

gins then to boom with greater activ-

ity,” the governor said as be praised

the work of the county agents and farm

bureaus, which in his opinion are the

greatest agency at work in his state

in advanging the cause of agriculture.



A. J. Glover recited the history of

Wisconsin with respect to its growth

through dairying. W. L. Houser, the

president of the live stock breeders’

association of the same state, told of

the growth of that organization until

now it is considered the most active

association of its kind in America. It

maintains an office at the state univer-

sity, sells thousands of cattle, runs a.

demonstration train throughout the

state to advocate “More and Better

Live Stoc ," which is its official slo-

gan. The state organization, now aided

by legislative appropriations, cooper-

ates with local breeders’ clubs, county

agents, county superintendents of

schools and teachers of agriculture.





Its campaign to eliminate scrub sires

was one of its most noteworthy activ-

ities last year. Fond du Lac county

was found to have only twenty-eight

per cent pure-bred\sires, and it is the

greatest live stock crimmunity of the

state. During the campaign breeders

traded registered sires for the scrubs

and now more than sixty per cent of

them are pure-bred. The movement is

spreading over the whole state.



Still, Mr. Houser exclaimed, this is

not as important as their work in

furthering boys’ and girls’ club work.

Calf clubs have interested hundreds of

the boys and girls, and animals have

been produced under their care that

have stood at the top in the open class-

es at the International. “These boys

and girls are experiencing business

transactions; they 'study' the faScinat-

ing enterprise of live stock breeding.

feeding, judging and, marketing, and





we think they are therhope of the" _’





world for success soil W

and conservation", , “ .2
"3“, .





 





 





 





 





" ’fi The National Refining Co.





Generalomces f ,5 3 Cleveland, Ohio , IV , meta...” Wasae-Mw: ' " ' “‘





 





 





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26.000 9.1. on. oxen navy. moo. '

15.000 ’1. on. tan-Lulu. max-co.

15.009 “I. Onuo, cup. urea, n





. , Constant.

Responsive Power





GREAT rivalry exists among automobile and tractor}

makers in their efforts to provide maximum power.-

- They work constantly and spend vast sums to improve

and increase the power qualities of their motors. Probably your own choice of an

automobile or tractor was guided by power records.



Since power, in the last analysis, is what you buy, why not be sure ‘that your '

motor develops all that it is capable of? ., .Why not use the motor oil that insures

this wanted satisfaction?! , '





an



1 50,000 ’1; 041. New ell-puns. Mo

8



J ,



O





   

   

   

   

 





Inn-had: lug-out l. urgent. therefore plus. lpply for Morn-s an

of m la lupin the to “out In den, tn doltva-y- A 01m chum

o! “.mwfi an! '22:. enclosure o9 mm un- t- nqucnud





out will. to owl-u

memo to to collard to «pm Good“ bun-01. u a! can.“





”lug nut.





., ‘ . / .d.

an. an an. m ”an“ M“





 





En-ar-co National Motor Oil

The scientific Lubricant 7





\- En—ar-co products have successfully passed through the crucial tests of nearly forty years, ‘





of service. They are made as lubricants should be—scientifically refined by processes that elim— ;

I





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





inate all possibility of the" oil carrying residue or coke-like substance.





As En-ar-co National Motor Oil is extra efficient, so are other En-ar-co products. White

.Rose Gasoline for greater power. National Light Oil for tractor fuel. Also best for lamps,

oil stoves and incubators. En-ar-co Motor Grease for every lubrication point around the

motor car or tractor. Black Beauty Axle Grease for wagons.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Buy En-ar-co National Motor Oil the Economical Way





50 gal. wood barrels .‘ . . . GSCper gal. _50 gal. steel drums . . . . 68c per gal.

30 gal. wood half-barrels . 70¢ per gal. 30 gal. steel half-drums . 73¢ per gal.





Sent . 5~

FREE





”III-II-q





 





, . c__ ’0' The National E

Buy of Your Local Dealer . .0 ,gmgpmm ,

. ‘ _ ~ . mono -

It He Has En-ar-co Products in Stock ,o g,

x _________________ ~ ,,,,, I '

It lie Cannot Supply You, Mall , . (cm name above) .

Us Your Order Direct x ..:::°:“.::§::;.*:.°:::;;“g::a 3*

. "' ime Hands; GrilliCan FRgE. Page :

d 1 E _ _ ’ O Max:121::htilsqgotggi'i‘c‘efonntthetitenig I,

Tell your ea er you want to try n ar CO '0 [have marked. lwil-l bein the market :

National Motor Oil and other products about .......... ( 'd'"&': 16;; ............... ‘3

. ° ’ , - . live neg e 21.":

bearing the En-ar-co label. If he can 1.................un..u you} I'm-"manta stem new no:

not supply you, write us. Immun‘nh. motor-oil per year [rummage]; kerosene per you

. .“ ’ [use-.... Ibo.ulegreueperyear lune ...... calmtnctoroilperyear

I ‘My Name law... ..... ............... ..... ...........





Adar“. IIuCOOOIOOOIOOIOIIOI'C!’IIICIIOOIODOOIOlQIOOIOOIO.





P“wm..-..o.oo ....... Choose-c State ..... ... ..... ...;u‘





...-Ih-IIIII-uunnun-III-II-II-u-uq-pgd





rear 6.- out 0uf'—.- Mall r;





(135)





iiq-aqu-p-inf





 





 





 





' a Branchesln 78-.Clties
.

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. r H", 174 :4 ”16/.





” 'TheBiqProfit Maker e

‘5’:- - that-Pegs for Itself





.,-v--».ygyyzogs-tréwvsdj‘czmvjfimg. QM?“





 





 





 





‘ ~ N MORE than 60,01”.qu the

Z , ~ ‘ T - “ itself in crops sued. in inner cat- 7

,_ Z tle,in mlmflhmxdismtmmgbq

‘33:.“ ;. 1.35:“ profitsmevery owner, everyyear. .

' .; .135 High meat, milk and butter paces

3.5;: .531“; make it doubly important to preserve





 





 





;.;.;;. the full food value of your mop—4m





 





 





1-213. keep it succulent, whole arid tasty.

These prioesincreuethe profiesfmtln

.451





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





# News





One year’s saving with an Indiana





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





-. under present conditions more than .pay

' u " back the investment. And the 6110 can





do the saving before you pay for .it.



Our large purchasing power enables us to supplybetter ;

materials and better workmanship than can be hadun Silos . - .

that cost more. Ask the owners of Indiana Silos an your '

neighborhood. Prove to yourself that there 19 no silage bet~

ter than that made in an Indiana. It’s a big profit maker for

your farm, and lasts a lifetime.



“claw-wmmtfimmdduefipfiucudop'





 





rm ork with the horse . _

gnfgimexzs you already have and without special and evpensrve hxtches or

equipment. Weighs no more than one large horse. Replaces four horses

and one man. Costs less than horses and 60 per cent less to keep gomg.

Cum time spent on chores. The Indiana plows, harrows, dnlls, cult:-

ntes. wows. pullsa tinder and does belt work.





"victor-folder that Hindu! the ana Tractor can do on 3.11me





‘ THE lNDlANA SILO COMPANY





' 'ld' ...... Anderson, Ind. 336 indies: Building. .Des Moi-en. I".

2%: gluoguggingm'. . . .Knnsns City, Me. a have St'k Each. Bldg . FLWWTG.





[WHO AM I?





 





 





Guaranteed

Capacfiv





 





'lmtheselloww Milks With 9

"MEHKlNG’S HlLKER"





It makes me smile whenIaee poormyapulhu, . -

my by hand. Buy a Wring'milkoruufl youogm

«die too. It was tho first pracncal undetxn

‘ has the load in speed. eflicleucy and oh of

Mon result. Send for acatalma be

flying. I]: w' 'fi‘i'k 0113;10:- two cows once.

~ .ce cos or dont .1130 war

' ,lnilkcrs. W. M. MEHRINO. “warm-d.





Each is carefully constructed of

highest grade steelanddesignedto

give a lasting sea-me regardless

“the bumps and jolts of daily trans-

portation. To" make them easy tonic-n

”Ghee, perfectly sanitary all seems



mm smooth andthe can heavily

l . flmd. The Sturges trademark on a

can is a warm-nee of accurate capacity

and a long-lived. economical service-





detorCotdol 46

have i In lit. 00.





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





Itisnowpossibletoé





me a Lasco Tile Silo.





 





~. , ., 5 Cum

mm the Famous Enigma.

Lacoerllmga Scoot ,

“" Wig—€33? W1





 





amentloufiteMichiganFarmer f "n ’

“by“ writing to advertisers. . '





 





 





’ wwzw w:<='~;w~s~~#~e{





 





ANY serious losses in the dairy

business are caused by careless





mistakes which might be prevénted.

‘01: one farm a fine cow died and the





postmortem found a» piece of wire

which the animal had eaten. It pays

to pick up nails, tacks, pieces of Mae

and metal scraps of all kinds which

may booome mixed withfced and be

eaten by the animals. Scratches from





:brokendown barbwire fences often





cause needleSS injury to dairy cows;

When there is a wooden floor in the



barn it ,is best to examine the boards



at least once each year. Sometimes





’the floor behind the stanchions may





decay and then some day a cow breaks

through, "and even though the fall to

solid ground is only one or two feet,

a broken leg may result. Even if the

cow is only strained and bruised by

such an accident it may cause a seri-





jous reduction in the flow of milk.





An icy approach to the barn or the





. G .

water trough may cause cows to slip





and suffer injury. An animal may





' break its leg by a heavy fall when hur4





rying into the barn at feeding time. It

is best to keep the ice away from the





‘ approach to the barn and throw salt or





dead ashes on spots where the ice is

apt to accumulate.





Horns are often a useless ornament





ion a utility dairy cow and sometimes





the animals injure each other with

their horns. In primitive times the

cowsol‘ the plains needed horns to

fight their natural enemies but now





' the farmer is busy fighting enemies

, for them and the horns are just as well





removed. The best way to do it is with





‘the old reliable caustic potash stick





applied when they are calves.

Fire is another cause of many cas-





‘ ECENT'IA' a writer stated that it



is not, necessary for all farmers to

have pure-bred herds of dairy cattle.

He explains “that. the owner of the





relation to the owner of grade cattle

as the corn breeder has to the other

farmers who raise crops of market

corn. Of course, it is not necessary

for all farmers to be com breeders but

they do wish to have a place to go to

obtain pure seed when they need it.

However, this does not mean that

more good blood is not needed in most





Lherds. This blood can be supplied by

‘the use of the pure-bred sire and good





grade herds. The farmer who owns

pure-bred stock is able to supply pure-

bred sites to other farmers who do not

own a pure-bred cow but wish to im~





prove the quality of their herd by the





use of a pure-bred sire. The point

seems interesting and if it is correct

some farmers who feel that they have





‘to apologize for their grade cows can





now feel that they are doing all right

if they are selling a fair quantity of

market milk from their grade cows and

making an effort to imprdve their herd

«by the use of the pure-bred sire.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





For many years. however, we have

learned of the difference between pure-

bred and scrub stock and it has al-

ways seemed that the arguments have





been all in favor of the wounds. It





ls rather difficult for some farmers to





:feel that theylare really getting along





With their dairy cattle until‘vthey are





\





 





x. [able-tong.“ some pure-bred stéck.‘The





 





pure-bred herd should have the same.





 





. Prevent Dairy Casualties





ualties in the dairy business. The oil

lantern is placed near a pile of hay.

Scene two, the hired man hits the lan—





tern over with a pitchfork full of hay.

Scene three, the barn is soon in flames,





Scene four, the farmer and his family

are Surveying the charcoal and men-





tioning the fact that the insurance





money will hardly build a pigsty at the

present costof latter and materill.

When farmers can all have properly

installed electric lights in their dairy

barns it is going to save a lot of fine

cows from a terrible death. Until that

time it pays to be careful and place

the oil lanterns where they will not be

knocked over by the hired man or kick~

ed over by the stock. Smoking in the

barn is another cause of serious losses

and the farmer who cannot milk and

feed his cows without smoking at the

same time had better sell the farm and

get a job in a pool-room. The hired

man who insists on smoking around

the barn should be fired today or the

barn may be fired tomorrow. Possibly

the hired man will be good-natured and

stop smoking in the barn if he receives

the request delivered with skilled‘di—

plomacy.



Sometimes cows are pastureu near

swamps, drainage ditches or rivers

where the banks are soft and marshy.

Recently a farmer lost a fine register-

ed cow which became mired in a ditch

and when she was found her condition





was such that she had to be killed. »





When cows are missing at: night, there

should be no dola y in hunting them up

if ll‘ley have access to soft ground. If

a cow is immediately found she can of~

tcn be rescued without serious injury.

It,” she is allowed to remain in such a





position long, it may mean adead cow ‘





01' a cow that has to be killed.





The Pure-Bred Herd '





ownership of a pure-bred herd gives a

farmer some business opportunities

that the owner of grade stock lacks.

The chance of selling stock at auction

in cooperation with other owners of

the some breed, is a great advantage

to the farmers in some communities.

The sales of bull calves for sires often

prove very profitable transactions. The

study of pedigrees and breeding rec-

ords is interesting and instructive and

no farmer really gets interested in such

things until he owns a few pure-bred

animals. 7



One thing is certain.» There is no

immediate danger of there being too

many breeders of pure-bred dairy cat-

tle. The writer believes that farmers

with good grade hérds can make fine

progress by the use of a purebred sire

but also believes that the farmer who

is able to take‘ up pure-bred stock rais-





ing on at least a small scale should





not be satisfied to continue with grades





if he is interested in pure-bred animals ‘





and enjoys working with them. There

will always be enough farmers who do

not wish to breed seed corn or pure-





bred cattle. The farmors who do take .





up that work seem to find it very

profitable. _ R. G. KERRY.





 





The Bureau of Markets announced.

that an effort would be made to dis»

tribute 100.009 tons of nitrate of soda

this month tron "eighteen clues em

the nitrate is stored, ma‘hyxurgent or-"j‘ .

ders havlngi been 'reéelvedg’fiom farm- ‘2‘ -‘

ers because mineral-1d." " i L ' ' ' V“





“1",”;





 





 





 





 





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”I “all" “ Ill“|





 





 





P ‘ ‘





 

   





Don’t Let Him Put “Cheap” Lining





on Your Brakes





“Cheap” brake lining: is often hidden beneath the brake bands. You only find this out when the lining

quickly wears away and refuses to hold. Then the car goes back to the shop forinew lining, followed by





' another repair bill. These are thrifty times. Make every dollar do the work of two.

‘ down hill. Conserve it by stopping engine when standing, Buy good oil and tires.





Save gas by coasting

Get substantial wear at





the brakes. Buy Raybestos which is guaranteed to wear one year. It grips, it gives added security and insures





satisfactory service.





 





You can readly tell whether or not your brakes are lined with real

Raybestos. Look for the Silver Edge. Raybestos conserves time

V and labor. It Wears and wears and wears—~it is a motor economy

Whlch saves dollars, increases efficiency and conserves essential materials.





 





For FORD Cars





Use Raybestos (without wire) for the transmission.

' . $2.00 per box.. Raybestos Rolled Steel Cam Brakes,

. $1.35. Raybestos External Emergency Brakes, fit

’ ‘ ’ drums now on your car. $10.00 at your dealer.





 





 





 





., ~ ‘ . If’your car needs new clutch facings, be sure

" , c ‘~ . to ask for Raybestos Molded Disc Clutch

- ' . . - Facing, patented and guaranteed.





HERAYBESYOS CPAN Y “new





 





‘l.
Homer Users

Tell the Homer

Story Best:





“1 con think of nothing

that would tempt m‘oto

again use a heat ng

store of any kind. with

all the dust and dirt

It enrolls.”





Wm. B. Darling,





Adrien. WCh- With your





dove, erd





 





you’ll

you’ve ac





35,000 Satisfied Homer Users—Eight Years of Success.





TheHornerFurnnce Co. invented and perfected

the pipeleu furnace. In accord wrth Nature 3

laws. the hot air rises and the cold air descends

through the combination register directly over

the furnace, heating every room comfortably.

No heat lost in useless, expenswe plpln‘.





Assures perfect ventilation, air kept pure by

constant circulation. Costs less, uses less fuel

and gives more heat than stoves'or pipe fur-

naces. Burns coal. coke. wood, cobs. Food

keeps better in cool Homer cellars.





It Heats It Ventilates





 





 

 





' tearlnc up





   

   

   

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 

 

 

 





 

 





 





,. . ‘3-

L". r “





You alre Down.





 





Your Stoves 1711': Spring





Take them down for good. Rid yourself forever of

this disagreeable bother, that and dirt. Save your





rugs end (momma keep your room. end wall: clean

and free from one

enjoy plebtyofunifprmheatwithleoocostand trouble.





The Homer Hpeleu Fumoee-eepeelolly oriented £0.1-

bouseo olready built—eon be latched la one dm% .1





E, ashes. dirt—end at the Some time





donated partition. ‘0! die“. n:

we: do n hm're “.3: cmuy. re





'n¢ y 5-H?» V -





.- 1‘ . c. '7'

With 1 Homer, 0. little kindling wil be. m

whenever the weather is bed. '1‘ “3:3“ II‘





a. he. an.





own





Homer fumuce ports ore mode of our special

brand. secret process. not reoistingSTROKEL

Iron. Will not chip or break as ordinnry east

Iron does. All parts, except grates. (nuan-

teed for five years.





The Homer coat in surprloingly low. (3:1ch7

me for itself with the fuel it saves. Our

booklets fully explain how you can get more

heat, at less cost. with less bother—as thous-

ands ofothera are doing. Clip the coupon and

send for them now.





 

 





HOMER FURNACE





THE ORIGINAL pATENTED PIPELESS FuriNAcr:





It Sofiofies





 





Coupon





 





about the Homer Pipeless Furnace—an

heat in a





Name





Street or R. F. D





Homer Furnace Co.. Dept. [:14 Homer, Mich.





Without obligation on m‘y part, send me full inlbrmotion

how I can get more

room house with less fuel, cost and bother.





—J_





 





City State





{DHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIni ‘





 





 





 





 





   





 





 





 

   

   

 

   





   





'fiA'fiAF-A





fiir-ET. W'xfi'yfi





«— .,. -Lc,’ - , r. \l





gimmmfler





Diréct to Farmer

at Wire Mill Price





       





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





t." ”A ..





CATALOG FREE

KITSELMAN BROS. DEPT.278 MUNCIE, INDIANA

T





 





   

     





~ 7‘ BeforelfYon Bly‘ .

W l I see for yourse the money ' ,

I save you on any fencing?! need. WRITE

today for my big new FREE gain Fence Book.

Shows 150 st les. Low Fee fiber-Frank Md.

Also Gates, lawn Fence. rb Wire at head-n

prices. Sample to test book free. postman].

fllE BROWN fEIlcE & WIRE N.“ we»





   





 





 





 





. BOOK} 0N

DOG DISEASES

. . And How to Feed

"T“. " Mailed tree to any address by

Amarka’s the Author V ' .

Pioneer H. CLAY CLOVER CO., lac.

no; Romulus 118 West 31st Street, New York





 





 





 





 





 





‘Use your spare time profitably by

; representing the Michigan Farmer in





‘ your neighborhood. You can work up '





g a pleasant and profitable'businese tak-

' my care of new and renewal suboerlp-_

“rv'tious for us. You will be interested In

.our specl'al literature and attractive

oyb'ger‘lptlon rates. Address,



‘ 2“"; MICHIGAN EARMER.





‘8, .‘ ”Vt, >1 . ~ \





1 Works like a Hoe





Covers 8 Acres a Day





It does as good work as you can do with

a hoc——It cuts every weed—N one can dodge

it—Keeps the surface in 1.‘

condition to readily ab- .

aorb rain and produces a

mulch or dirt blanket of

fine soil which prevents

the escape of soil mois-

ture. One trip to the

row —-narrow or wide.





The Light Dra‘ft





Fowler





Cultivator

Mt}: one male The Fowler doe: as much





work as you can do with a two-horse culti-

vator—and better work—because it cultivates

shallow—has no prongs or teeth to destroy

or disturb the crbp rats. By removing plow

foot you can cultivate astride the row.

Can also be adjusted to cultivate crops planted

either above or below the level without dc:

stroying the sloping sides of [the ridges.

It’s the cultivator for corn, cotton, tobac-

co, peanuts, beets and beans and truck crops

planted in rows. .

Write today for catalog which fullvex-

plains The F owlerc—IT’S FREE! 4.





Harriman Mtg. 60., Box 514 Harriman, Tin:

‘* FREE. mlafifi "3‘.-

l1 r ,





‘ mm d terns

‘_ figtctaalpeufiulit. so

. e e on o,

Penile ué'l'byluump





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Cine loo-emu“! fewer;

commemorate“. ‘

l - on u e es.

mallte‘ad. £6 TBW y . All

fiance





 

 

 





 





I.“

a





 





 





.4





' to .traglecucgtlonahle securities or pop





the farm is being found profita-

‘ ble by practical farmers. Live

stock advertising has been proven of

the greatest importance in selling stock

at a profit. A farmer with burs-bred

cockerels weighed them up and esti-

mated how much they would bring on

his local market. Then he thought

that they were pure-bred and of a

breed which was popular in his com-

munity. He placed a‘small advertise

ment in the paper and sold them at a

price twice as large as their value for

meat and they were worth the increas-

ed price as breeding stock because oth-

er farmers needed new blood of that

bred and the birds were vigorous and

of good type. Without the assistance

of advertising the birds only had their

"hearival The .a tick" reacde

EM“ stome H10 could .— ..t

such sfock to even more profitable use





q DVERTISING of the products-of.





1and thus could pay more money for





them.



A farmer with a. pair of pedigreed

watch-dogs of a popular breed had

eight pups for sale. He advertised in

a, farm journal and sold them within a

week and had to refuse several orders.

Several farmers came a long distance

to see the pups and in every case made

a purchase and the breeder did not ev-

en have the trouble of crating them for

express. In other cases the pups were

crated in small boxes and shipped by

express and reached the buyers in

good condition. Many farmers fear to

ship animals by express and never do,

when it can be avoided. Possibly the

losses in express shipments are empha-

sized so frequently that we forget the

the large number of satisfactory ship-

ments that are made. The use of

proper packages that are carefully

marked is one of the necessary factors

in making advertising pay.



In advertising poultry it I pays to

study the stock for sale and then de-

scribe it as' briefly and accurately as

possible. Some buyers like to know

the strain of fowls for sale and wheth-

‘er the birds are bred-to-‘lay or exhibi-

tion stock and they like to pick up

those points from the first advertise-

ment. If the buyer is after hatching

eggs'he will Wish to know something

about the breeding sto’ck. Many adver-





, ' fl'é‘ers sell only hatching eggs from ma-





ture hens and not from pullets and

this is a. point worth mentioning in the

advertising. .



When a farm is for sale, advertising

is necessary to place that fact before

a large .number of prospective buyers.

Often a. farmer places a sign before his

house when the farm is for sale. The

neighbors read the sign and the farm-

ers and motorists see it, but often the

man’ who is looking for such a farm,

is living in a nearby city or on a farm

in another township and he will not

see any roadside Sign and not know

that the plaCe is for sale if it is not

advertised. The writer has no grudge

against the real estate men but be-

lieves that many farmersmould find

more satisfactory buyers for their

farms if they would handle the tran—

saction themselves and do their own

advertising and not turn the deal over

to any agent. Of course, the real es-

tate men that advertise to sell farms

and demand a fee in advance should

not be patronized by farmers with land

for sale. When a farmer wishes to sell

his land, he should first make it‘as

presentable as possible, then advertise

in papers that reach both farmers and:

city buyers and then deal with honest

buyers who appreciate good farms and

do not: waste the" farmer’s time“ trying





 





:/





“I ‘ Advertising Th’at Pavé





 





city property for the loud. Advertis-_

his often locates a bona. fide form buy-

er in the moat unexpected place. It lo

the cheapest method of placing honest

facts before a large number of people.

It is not only the cheapest but the

quickest and the best method.



When cows and calves are for sale,

many farmers keep them longer than

is necessary when they only advertise

on the farm sign board; Often they

try to sell to friendsor neighbors who

are really not in the market for such

stock. Then‘ they try the advertise—

ment. which places their stock before

many buyers and some of them imme-

diately prove to be in the market for

the cattle. The foundation of the pure-

bred live stock business rests on faith

in honest advertisingand the farmer

who attempts to make the most profit

from vpure-bred animals without the

use of paid publicity is making a mis-

take that costs much money. .



Even grade cattle can often be sold

at good prices by advertising, as many

farmers need another good grade cow

for their herd. At the present time

there is a fine demand for dairy cattle

having even a fair producing ability

and such cows do not need to be sold

for beef as there is always some buyer

who will pay more for them than beef

prices if they still have any value as

milk producers. A short advertise-

ment will usually locate buyers for

such stock that will pay more for them

than the stock buyer.



The farmer with the pure—bred bull

calf for sale might wish that a hundred

thousand people would march down his

road and read his Sign saying that the

bull/was for sale. He might be willing

to pay several dollars to obtain an au-

dience of that size. It is certainly lucky

that he can buy a little advertising

space for a few dollars that will tell

his story to all those people._ The

farmer on the back road and the farm-

er near the large city have about an

equal chance to'sell their live stock

through the' medium of advertising.

The price is the same to each. I



R. G. KIRBY.





WORK FOR Dl’SABLEpD SOLDIERS.





 





HERE are fully sixty thousand men



who have been injured or disabled

as a result of their services in the

armed .branches of the‘United States

forces who will require aid in obtain—

ing employment suited to their disabil-

ities, according to the latest estimate

of the Federal Board of Vocational Ed—

ucation, which has this matter in

charge. This is Quite aside from the

number who must be trained anew in

order that they may be able to earn

anything at all, and these total up to

more than ten thousand.

who has been injured, and yet who is

able to do effective work notwithstand-

ing his injuries, should communicate

at once with the Federal Boa‘rd for V0-

cational Education at Washington, giv-

ing all particulars. The placement

division of the board will take up his

case and see 'what can be done for

him. It may be that with a short

course of special training he can be

made into a very effective wage darn-

er. If this training is necessary, heis

paid $65 a month support fund while

taking it, with such allotment for his

dependents as is necessary, and the

training is abSolutely free. When he

has finished the course of a-few months

al‘job. will have been found for him.

The federal board is anxious to learn

of all such cases, and will at ,0an take

up the qd‘entlpupf‘propei "auxin ’





we. . ,





’1' i4





Any man ‘





 





 





m. _.___m.;.-—vl.n _:l.u;.-._..m-mum.-A._..-mMa-m__.__ u
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’ply of wheat from the United States,





'United States Depa1tment of Ag1icul-





 





agree to use it according to directions

and make reports of results. The bu-





 

 





 





BIG FOOD CONTRACTS BRING

PROSPERITY TO FARMERS





 





BUT 'few AmeriCan' farmers seem to

realize the tremendous demand for

food products that is developing from

ab1oad. While theie is every evidence

that America will be able to tide the

starving people of these countries over

their present period of hunger, it is

going to require a. further speeding up

Of our agricultural resources. 1 ‘

On the ag1eement coveling the four

months, Ap1il to July inclusive, 370, 000

tons a month of food is to be fuinished

and we are to have the Ge1man ships

for that purpose. This means, on the

meat side, 2,000,000 begs a month, and

on the bread side 6,000,000 bushels of

wheat. ‘





This is on an annual basis ext1‘ao1‘di-?‘~~.

narily above the highest figuics for .





normal times for food exports and Ger-

many is only one of many countries

that a1e thawing on us. We shall,

theref01e, have exportations of those

classes of food piobably quite up to

the 1ecent estimates of M1. Hoover and

far beyond those of other authorities.

One may conclude that the supply

need not be nearly so excessive as has

been indicated by previous figures.





Heavy Pork Supply in Sight.



It has long beenknown that the

world’s hunger was vastly beyond any

immediate capacity for satisfying it,

the great trouble being lack of ships,

but the arrangement now made meets

the requirements fairly well. The sup-





however, seems likely to be as great as

heretofore estimated. Winter wheat

fields have been soaked with a heavy

rain. A cold wave is reported on the

way, but the weatherwise, figuring on

the reports from the far north and

judging from recent experience, say

that the cold will not be sufficient to

injure the plant seriously.



As for the supply of pork for the

Geimans and everybody else, there.

need be no concern. A recent report

disclosed something like 80,000,000

hogs in this country. The price has of

late been well above the minimum

prescribed by the government for sev-

eral months, but rather b ause of the

great demand than of ; pressure of

the goods (on the market. An effort

has been made to hold the quotations

down, not altogether by the packers,

but by others having the good of the

trade at heart.





CROPS SAVED’IN RODENT FIGHT.





AST year 100,861 pounds of poison



bait were used in 1,703 coopera—

tive farmers in Utah to stop the enor-

mous losses'that have been sustained

annually from rodents in that state.

This poison was applied ‘on 86,104

acres of infested land, and the farmers

reported 892,179 rodents destroyed,

With. an estimated saving in crops of

$702, 368. Estimates of the saving ac-

cemplished were made by specialists

Of the Bureau of Biological Survey,





two, who aided state and local work-

ers in the” enterprise.Fa1m bureaus

already have ordeled quantities of

strychnine to cariy. on similar work in

the immediate future and have p1 epar— .

ed to 11111: the poison bait at central

places and supply it to farmers who





 





"v 11st if t:18 work could be ,





 





 





 





 





 





FIVE U. S. GALLONS NET.





HAVOLlNE





REG. us PAT mp





OIL





2‘.





It m akes a cliff-‘erencen





INDIAN REF





'MSRPCEHmnt

E:“~



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.r-v' .n «W g-ayrn'vatarawamxym ”yum, , wtav.mw





 





 





You know motors get hot, hot enough to

worry you sometimes.





_ Those plunging pistons can’t score the cyl-

inders in your tractor when properly oiled.





HAVOLINE TRACTOR OIL





I... U... DAY. 9"





“It makes a difference”





COPYRIGHT





Havoline Oil is sure protection and is carefully graded

for tractors, trucks and passenger cars. Your dealer will

tell you the grade your motors require. Ask him.





_, , 5 ,. Havoline greases are compounded of

' Havolzne Oil and pure, sWeet taIIow.

Clean to handle and Correct in body.





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Heat doesnot break up Havoline Oil





. u





9;: INDIAN REFINING' COMPANY Producers and Refiners of Petroleum, New YORK
game

fin'a





Get





. . I- ‘..i

:vvl-AIWmWWvB‘IWhM-a- new -. Wm. .. - .~





% cheer, practical "and

m top that hoops the





oneveryman

enoughtomalceabeeline

tidyredtinandajimmy





pipe—old or new!





itstraightthatwhat you've





hankered for in pipe smokes

you’ll find aplenty in Prince

Albert. It never yet fell short

fliranyotherman,and, itllhand

ymsuchsnnkesatisfactionyou’ll

thinkit’symirbirtlidayeverytinieyoufii'eupl That’s

MP. A hasthequah’ty!

Youcm’tanymorenmlseprinoeAlbertbiteymn'

mgueorparchyourthroatthmyoucanmaleea

horsedrinkwhenhe’s ofl‘thewateri

arecutoutbyourexchlsivepatentedpml

ijuulaybackh‘kearegulnrfellowandpufl'to

beatthecardsandwonderwhyinsamhiliyoudidn’t

nailasection in theP.A.smokepastm-e longerthan

youcaretorememberbacki





”MAE-rt Weakne- he'll. Top" 10““

Gabi-drills, hundumpoududuwthm





Biteandparch





Miranda's-film

bonehpufedm





R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Winston-Salem, N. C





 





{Fa-"E become hoga a“! Em E





you!“ in“

th 6 waded“ for»

canon a have .9 m‘





old towers.th othermnkes 03.0%.

ll t.

lineimii’gmm Times





ing. its enclosed camels:

cps in thoile

dust and





 

 

 

 





keep. out

shims e p ӣ1231 -



em eons y

ll‘ogodsyztverybeuingwithoa.”

venting wear and enabli the

$lllll to [mum‘s the lightest we?“ ,



use. .

Dé§;.k Ga 1 En Fun I. lit.

so me Sin”. 9



Wet; gapgly Goods an Ste F Sa





Write [ERMOTOI 00.. 2590 Twill. 8L, Glucose





Bone ,Spavin





Nomatter how old the'cale, how lame the

.orwhatothertreatmentfailed try

Flemin ’s Splvin and .

Ringhono sets. 82 a Bottle





One mile-u n

nl'y for unwud'i‘m ' "‘





Milieu Solvi-

W:§l..lil°£f~fi% .. is:

VI'I’IIIIA MADVIOII. h .





Kl!

fall .

FtElllll ms. museum





66 5' . -



A EN :1: S 1 10

Will last forever. You will never have W(lit! ro-

build it! Neither will your grandchild



Built from the famous BRAZIL ViTRiFiED

FIRE CLAY. The ‘EV- 'I‘" has been on the

, market olghi years without I failure.



cone for Cote!“ D.

Inzii lion. u ‘ III m,





mu. moment ~—





in Jul-sun “autism.





curse if

’ for our pro tonl

as ANW DAIRY co. Bi’teerm‘ Dept Flint. Mich.





 





 

   

 





 





   





 





 





 





mrm





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





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We pay top rinse and M11151 oh book





i





"I‘OP DRESS

aliCrOps with

Nitrate of Soda, no mat-

ter what other fertilizers

you may have used—100

pounds peracre for seeded

craps and 200 pounds per

acre for the cultivated

ones. The increase will

yield large profits over

cost.





Write on post card for our

money making books





WILLIAM s. MYERS

‘25 Madison Avenue, New York





 





 

 





 





 





 

 





ages. good tilt shoot.

a man ".IU’fi-a] $91119}? selected rgetiierz chm.

. E. E 0.KY HolmesviIIQOH:





 





 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 

 





hen writing to advertisers ,

' mention the Michigan. W





 





_ are barley, peas, oats, etc.,





HE person who feeds swine for

the purpose of producing pork

should know the indications of

an animal that will gain weight rap

idly and thereby pay a profit to its

owner. If the hograiser is feeding the

lard type of hog he should seek in ani.

Innis for fattening, those which possess

the characteristics of the fat hog type

which are a short and broad face, wide

head, ears well apart, full jowl, short

legs, wide and deep body with good

full spring of rib. If the farmer is

feeding bacon hogs he should- look for

'a little less width about the head and

face and for good length and depthof

body at the same time avoiding coarse.

ness.



Whether a hog raiser should feed

lard or bacon hogs will depend largely

on the location of his farm. Whenever

possible home grown foodstuffs should

be used, because feeding purchased

feeds is not always conducive to profit.

if the farm is in the corn bolt and

grows an abundance of corn and clover





to grow the lard type, while on the

other hand, if the main feeds grown

having a

narrower nutritive value, bacon hogs

can often be raised to a better advan-

tage,



In the corn belt ares. where corn

forms the chief part of the ration the

hogs are allowed to follow fattening

steers, getting from their droppings

many undigested nutriments that

would otherwise be wasted. The hogs

are given the same run~ as the cattle

and usually the same amount of shel-





ls determined by the form in which

the corn is fed the steers and by the

quantity and nature of the supplements

used. Corn is usually fed as car corn,

grOund, corn and cob meal, or soaked

shelled corn. Shelled corn insures the

most available food for hogs. because

the steers eat it greedily and it is not

well masticated or digested. In soak-

ing or grinding the corn is more thor-

oughly digested and the hog cannot

procure much of the nutrients. Supple-

ments that are added reduce the nutrl-

cuts in the excreta on account of their

having a marked utilization of carbon-

aceous part of the ration when they

contain a high percentage of digestible

nutrients. With shelled corn alone in

the ration an equal number of six

month old hogs can be placed after

the steers.

dition from one-quarter to one-third of

a pound of tankage per day or as good

a protein equivalent. During the first

few months no other concentrate is

necessary and for the last four or five

weeks they should have as much corn

as they will eat and younger pigs

placed after the steers. ‘



. By far the greatest number of hogs





mer and early fall months. During‘ the

summer the requirements for; shelter,





these the greaternumber is fattened

on pasture.

corn alone on bluegrass pasture make“

equally as great gains as pigs fed in

dry lot on a balanced ration. Clover

or alfalfa give better returns than blue-





grass or tincthy when corn is fed in





conjunction. Corn alone on abundant.





, ‘ clover pasture terms an ideal ration, :

~ excelling a balanced rationr of Corn





and tankage or middlings in rapidity

.of gains and excelling all other rations

on pasture when rate and. economy of





’ 7 gains are considered.

" A satisfactory system of pasture the

i and





 





F attcning Hogs





previous fall a field is sown to rye or i





or alfalfa it will be more profitable





ion The manner of feeding these hogs ,





They should be fed in ad.:





maintenance and labor are least, while

gains are. cheapest and greatest. ‘Of'





It is found that pigs fed





 





winter vetch, furnishing a. good crop

for pigs when they are turned out; one

acre of this supplies 100 pigs and their

mothers for .flabout a month; also a

ration of corn meal tankage or skim-





mill; is fed them. About the/first of, .





June the pigs are weaned and placed

on clover or alfalfa, which furnishes

green feed for the next five or six

weeks. About the 15th of July they

are turned in a. pasture of field peas

and oats, thus supplying part of the

grain ration; the acreage is larger be-

cause the pigs are larger. Green sweet

corn is also fed at this time but not

before it reaches the roasting ear stage.

sparingly at first, being gradually ilk

creased. With this there is little or no

need of corn meal ration, until short-

ly after the green sweet corn is ready

to be fed. This is also fed in the roast-

ing ear stage and when bottom of the

stalks become woody only the top por-

tion is used. The pigs are kept on

pasture, and com which becomes more

mature is fed until fall or early Win-

ter, when they are ready for market.

When possible it is a very profitable

plan to bog the corn down. thus saving

a great deal of labor. In this case

a self feeder with tankage should be

before the hogs.



The feeding of hogs for market will

be found to be one of the meet Profit.

able departments of the farm.



Barry Co. A. WINDES.





PIG CLUBS LAY GOOD FOUNDA-

TION.





 





ISTRIBUTION of pure-bred pigs



among the club members in Utah

has laid a foundation for much im-

provement in the quality of the pigs

raised throughout the state, reports

the Utah State Club Leader. Early last

spring it was thought that tour or five

carioads of pure- bred sows would be

sufficient to supply the club members,

and arrangements were made through

the Ogden and Salt Lake City stock-

yards for this number bankers to

furnish loans to club members. It was

soon found that more animals could be

handled to advantage. and six carioads

were purchased. A month later the

number of cars ordered had increased

to ten, and none of the shipments con-

tained anything but purebred sows

bred to farrow in April. The demand

,for pigs was so great that following

this distribution eight hundred eight-

weeks-old pigs were distributed by

July 1. Many of the pure-bred pigs se-

cured were purchased from a father

and son in Nebraska who were in the





 





hog business as a result of a prize pig I





won by the boy in his corn club work

four years previous.





are fitted for market during the sum. "





HOG ‘EXPORTS TREBLED.





 





Considering the fact that the United

States had a record supply of hogs on,

:farms at the opening, of this year, and

that marketings this winter have been

on an unprecedented scale, the pmsént

extremely high loyal of prices seems

astonishing. But the demand actually

exceeds the great Simply Europe is

the principal bullish factor, buying

unprecedented quantities of 9011: pro-

ducts from this coimtry. . I



Since January 1 e rts of hog peo-

ducts from the U ed States total

nearly 700 000, 000 pounds, or almost

three times the quantity WWI to

Europe in the corresponding

iycar ago Exports the last three and

a half months are equal to the

duct‘of about mam H7 W





 





 





period:r
In

w





 





suitable ”compartment, converted into"





, be greatly benefited. In some sections





 

 

 

 

 





‘ .tm i» ’ .._slitiea

smashed; bassinet red. in .,,~,_ . _

'Automobniiig‘ a .Visitor out along the

adamantine ”surface of . the Pelham

road, a New. York .mot‘or man said:

“Some of, these‘ days we will have po-

tato elevators all along here, fitted

with conveyors or boots. Instead of

buying ten gallons of gasoline it will

be ten bushels of potatoes,‘shot into a





ten gallons of alcohol by the very pow-

er which it imparts to the wheels.”



“Nonsense,” said the other.



“Fact,” was the reply. "An econo—

mist estimates potato production is

now 6,000,000,000 bushels. That equals

6,000,000,000 gallons of g00d alcohol.

There is not much prospect of a per

manent fall in potato prices. We can

produce ‘two hundred bushels to the

acre. Our last year’s crop was 450,000,-

000 bushels. We can use them for both

internal engine combustion and to fus-

ilize our own vitality. Everybody can

carry his own little roadhouse in front

of him. No wonder the French call

them ‘earth apples.’ Just think of the

hard cider in one quart of Long Island

potatoes.” '





 





RUBBER FROM THISTLES.





ETTING figs from thistles is fre-



quently used to define the impossi-

ble. However, if not figs, perhaps rub-

ber may be manufactured from them.

This should interest a world that in

1916 produced 443,000,000 pounds of

crude rubber, of which 268,000,000, or

sixty-one per cent, went to the United

States. In the last fiscal year we used

still more—~390,000,000 pounds. Cen-

tral and southern Europe is the native

home of a thistle bearing the elegant

name of “saw thistle.” It has migrat-

ed to the United States, and flourishes

anywhere in the Temperate Zone.

Years ago, when rubber was not so

much used, chemists declared this pest

was worthy of serious consideration,

for it contained rubber, green and ye]-

low dyes, a wool useful for paper man-

ufacturing, and a vegetable wax. Why

despise the prickly thistle because it

does not bear. figs 'or prunes?





 





IMPROVE PERMANENT PASTURES.





HE next few months is the desir-



able time of the year for the im-

provement of pastures. Large areas

of permanent pasture would respond to

proper methods of improvement which

might include the following:





Keep the pastures clean by cutting

off brush, briars, and weeds. Large

stumps, stones, and dead trees should

also be removed.





Those areas used for pasture that

would permit harrowing and dishing

at the time of' reseeding, applying

lime, fertilizers, and manure, etc., may





terracing may be practiced with satis-

factory results.



The application of lime, acid phos-

phate, and manure can always be re-

lied upon in most sections as a means

of adding the necessary increased fer-

tility.



Reseeding, particularly in the bare

spots, is to be recommended. "White

and Japan clover, Bermuda, herds

grass, carpet grass, and blue grass in

favored sections are: commonly used.

. As a rule reseeded pastures should

be lightly grazed the first year. "At all





times it is advisable to keep the cattle ,





off the grass; in thespring until well





farn‘i‘ ownerl‘ The knowledge that you Can

driveto town today—any day—and get an

Oliver Plow or an Oliver part, and how im-

portant such a- service is this Spring when





even at the last moment, will insure the

planting and harvesting of a crop from acres

that otherwise would be unproductive.“





From the very beginning the Oliver effort has

been to make the Oliver Institution something

more than a'distant and impersonal factory. The

Oliver conception of its purpose is frankly this:

First—To build a product that will stand up under

the hardest usage, rendering honest service; and

that will fit the seed bed best. Second—To place

within immediate reach of every farm, a competent

dealer. The duty of that dealer is not simply to

sell Oliver tools. He must co-operate with the

farin owner to the fullest extent.





Oliver dealers help to bring to the farm owners in

their territory a more complete knowledge of the

tillage required by the different soil conditions, of

plow designs, of the proper plow hitches, of tractor

construction and operation—information that the

Oliver Chilled Plow Works has gained from over

sixty years’ experience in the manufacture and study

of farm implements.





For Oliver is selling, not just plows, but results-—

not just farm implements, but more bushels.





The Oliver dealer wants you to be satisfied. He

realizes that it is just as much to his interest as it

is to yours that you receive the fullest service of

which Oliver Implements are capable, and he is

ready to co-operate with you to the limit in mak-

ing sure that you receive that service.





This Spring, therefore, when you are buying a

tractor, choose your plowpand tractor tools carefully.





Remember-——that plow service and dealer service

in all their phases mean more bushels.





‘ _ There’s an Oliver Dealer near you.





Oliver Chilled Plow Works

South Bend, Indiana





tin. l _, lii‘Hillllllllllllllllliii;,llII|':||lllllHmlllIIillMlilllliillllllll’llllllIlllll'ilLl‘l/é'g





“an





Think-what thatmeans in service to every"





the ownership of a tractor and of a plow,.





   

 

 





 





“ Oliver Flawed Fields

Bring Greatest Yields"





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





 





Feed your dairy B U F FAL

and beef cattle





CORN





 





 





started. Closergrazfi'ingduijing the rest-





ofthe season may. bebr’acticedf where'





 

 

 

 





 

   

   

 

   

 

 

 





Ask your dealér





for Buffalo





GLUTEN FEED





15152.:‘XNSIS, 309 Farrel Building, Detroit





nd particulars





 





Extra-nice; .‘



380d Gum 3”?" ‘°“‘ ....4-» '

I 0 'R . -



us els Law“ .1.“ 1



riotien. Highest yielderg. Best show com. Also need ooh. barley, ’

malts. Spring wheat. 1200 acres. Samlplo on “sac“; Writ. ,





today for Catalog, W. N. 80ml? I so 3, ll,"

7 - r hard if hein-

PLANTS “fiffiefitfifi‘i ooudenysogg :9:





S E E D S 9522? .5231! weffiml’fi? ' :





fll ours I. a. "£310! a «flaming





Eggmil’ed. 00119 a Success oats tmmlmkfgfnvz :

y





 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 

 





 





oats test 3 bs,Wis.Ped.Barley test.

. ’n. n weeds. W to for p 008.

EARL 0. McOARTY, Bod Axe, WI“





,Sweet Clover senses, .2223123m





 





   

 





 





 





 





   





 





 





 





‘ request. John A. heehan’, 34,
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fllliflilllil





rower-«acumen IY :r-M>~:rmw-. <.





“It’s the

Equipment





That Makes the Barn”





"Give me STAR equipment and I’ll make any barn a better,





more profitable building ’says a prominent dairy man.





The STAR “Unit System” and curb clamp mean 0;

ease and economy of installation; the STAR one-

piece arched stall means stronrrer, better looking,

more sanitary equipment; the STAR Alignment Device length-

ens or shortens the cow bed instnnlly. These and many other

features make STAR the preferred equipment everywhere.



. Write for the New STAR Book

showing everything for the barn. and a great variety of free

barn plans and helpful suggestions on barn building.



Ask for Catch: No. 124

HUNT, HELM, FERRIS & C0. '1

Round. ll. Canola: Ban Outfitter:- Aibuxy. N. Y. .





 





Guaranteed

Break-Proof





\





munmmmmmlmm1InIIImumnnnnmmmnmmm' .





all"!iillllllllllillillliilllilllllllllllllllIllllilllllllillllllllllllllllilllilliliIlillIIlllllilllliiiilllliillilllllllll





Successful Price FiXing

How the M ic/zzgafi M 171: VPraa’uccri’ Arroa'atz'on Ha: Stabilized





tbe Milk 172(1thsz and Brought W calf/z and Pmrperz'gi

, to Micbzga’n’Daz'ry Farmers.





By w. o. Hedrick, Prof.





R a long time past farmers have

been dissatisfied with the prices

they have received for their pro-



ducts. The middleman has been grasp-

ing and gets most of the blame from

farmers for these low price levels.

Middleman are organized and often

buy as a single man instead of bidding

against each other as they are expect-

ed to do. Farmers are unorganized

when it comes to marketing, and, in-

deed, usually let their stuff be bought

from them instead of selling it as oth-

er producers do.



Mlddlemen generally have little or

no investment in a community, so can

wait until the farmers come to their

terms. Farmers, on the other hand,

have large fixed expenses, and their

products must be sold even it sold at a

loss. Taxes, hired men and interest

on loans cannot be put off forever and

must be paid. These cause forced

sales of the farmer’s crops, and thus

low prices.



Again, the farmer wishes to stabil-

ize his business by cutting out chance.

Many of these he groans under with-

out hope of relief. Chances of storms,

floods, drouths, accidents and disease

he may never find cured, but bad pric-

es may have a proper remedy if sought

for and found.



We have seen that during war times

government has stabilized farm pro-

duction by its fixed prices on wheat,

meat, sugar, milk, etc, and many farm-

ers would like this principle continued.

They would like some of the certainty

of getting “their cost plus a reasonable





of Economics, M; A. C.





this enemy, some of which were fairly

successful. In a dozen cities of the

state, for example, cooperative associa-

tions of milk producers were set up

which distributed milk at cost for their

farmer members. In other places co-

operative creameries, as rival markets

for milk, were started, and in a few

places milk strikes were more or less

organized by the farmers. In the mean-

time Mr. and Mrs. Public were care-

less, or else amused, at this wordy row

between the country dairyman and the

city dealer.



Ever increasing war costs forced a

crisis upon the dairymen, however,

and at a state conference in the sum-

mer of 1916, called to seek relief, it

was decided to organize a Michigan

Milk Producers’ Association. Man-

kind’s usual shift was thus made use

of, that when you. can’t do a thing by

yourself, cooperate with others.



But this association was not of: the

usual type, and since the golden path

to price fixing is found in associations

like that of the milk producers, a rath-

er full description is required. To be-

gin with, the dairymen who made up

this association were already in sub.

stance an association, since all were

under the supervision of the Detroit

Board of Health. This licensed them

to sell to the city trade, and at the

same time set them off from the com-

petition of dairymen who were unli-

censed. Secondly, since the commodity

they produced is so perishable that lit-

tle is shipped out of a neighborhood,

or none shipped in, they already monf

opolized the city market without know-





Don‘t waste your time tinkering with a plug that goes out

of budncu with a broken porcelain.





Splitrlorf vim are guaranteed not to break—The Green

Jacket can bebmken and we'll replace any that may be

smashed—but animal‘s continue to fire regardless of

Jacket condition.





Why? Jmleok at the intimation. Thin sheets of India

ruby mic- nre wound lengthwise around a core—shaped

electrode. This forms the insulation of Splitdorf Plugs

end you m't break it.





Although Spfltderf Plugs cost the manufacturer more than

any other pl they'll cost YOU no more than the ordinary

FEEL All & Morf Standard Pings, except Specials.“

In Clouds $1.5)

There is I type of Splitdori' Plug best suited to

every engine. Ora-booklet will tell you the exactly

right type for YOUR engine. Write for it TODAY.





profit.”

This is the story of a group of eight

thousand Michigan farmers who have





ing it. Indeed, the dairymen in any

city area need fear .no competition

been successful in turning this trick :3: 13511311322133.11131233toresgfiffi

0f fixmg-prices. The farmers 1n ques and in fact impossible to ship under

tlon are dairymen scattered through Board of Health rules. Thirdly, the

some ten or twelve counties adjacent needs of the city dealer requires a

to. Detro1t who supply the metropolis daily supply of milk from the farmer

mm milk. .These farmers have a c1ty the year round. The dealer’s equip-

market which demands one hundred ment is so vast and expensive, and his

thousand gallons of mu“ per day, and, customers so urgent, that he can hard-





At alljobbers and dealers

mm ELECTRICAL CO..





Starters and Plugoecifletore





Rework, NJ.

ABRO, DIXIE end SUMTER Manatee,

Impulse





 





 





owing to the rapid spread of Detroit,

this demand is steadily growing.

Everyone knows how unsettled the

dairyman’s business has been for the

past two or three years. War costs for

feed for dairy materials and for labor

have reached dizzy heights. On the

other hand, the retail price of milk in





Detroit stayed fixed upon a simple bev-é





erage basis, ignoringthe high food va1~

he of this great necessity. It was a

price, which had come down from the

country milkman days, when a jung-

ling bell called housewife or maid to

the street curb where she got her dip-

per of milk from the open can at the

driver’s knee. It disregarded the costs

of processing and bottling on the part

of the city dealer, or the country dairy-

man’s costs, which Board of Health

rules had put upon him.



Murmuflngs of discontent on the. part

of the dairyman had not been lacking

for same years prior to our going into.

the war. Mostly these were directed

against the city dealer whose right to





a fifty-titty division or the city retail





price was often doubted by the farmer.





Themr'smthntthcmted





nan megmtptam_ for





. long-time basis.





ly leave it to the chances of an open

market to secure his supply of milk.

He, therefore, makes contracts with

the farmer each year for a twelve-

month supply of milk, and these con-

tracts tend to confer a market privi-

lege upon the farmer which the out-

sider cannot get. In the fourth place,

new dairymen acting as competitors

within the Detroit milk shed itself,

need not be feared by the regular coun-

try dairyman, since the beginning in-

vestment in a herd is considerable-and

two or three years is required to de-

velop the business.



Summing up now the pillars on

which the Milk Producers’ Association

rests, and we find them to be (a) iden-

tified members; (b) furnishing a local

product; (c) under contract; ((1) on a

Each one of these

taken separately opposes harmful corn.

petition. All of them taken together

makes an association a monopoly. It '

was the discovery 01' the fact by the

Mill: Producers’ Association that it '

could monopolize the supply of milk





that went into Detrott, which enabled





it to successfully or prices. ‘. Hen
.e- i '5.





FeDER‘AL- Boko‘svs





 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   





TEM.





 





HOPE before another congress ex-

pires we Shall have before us a gen-

eral scheme for building roads which



' will favorably appeal to a majority of

congress.”



' This statement by Senator Charles

E. Townsend, of Michigan, the proba-

ble next chairman of the senate com-

mittee on post office and post roads,



' makes clear that the Sixty-sixth Con-

gress will give serious consideration to

a comprehensive mlan which may re-

sult in the adoption of a federal system~

and the creation of a federal commis-

sion.



In the 'course of his argument on the

amendment to the federal aid road act,

which carried with it an appropriation

of $200,000,000, distributed among the

several states, and $9,000,000 for roads

in the federal forest reserves, the sen-

ator from Michigan thus sets forth the

situation. ' .



“I think now, of all times, the pres-

ent is the worst to curtail, or to at-

tempt to curtail, in any way the activ-

ities of the government in public im-

provements. I'do believe that, inas-

much as we have, as Senator Jones

from Washington has stated, a going

machine, an organization for building

roads, and inasmuch, further, as it is

conceded that the general welfare de-

mands that the government must en-

courage those enterprises of a public

nature which offer legitimate employ-

ment to labor and at the same time

supply a public service, it seems wise

to me to increase road building. This

class of improvement was checked by

the war, and now in this period of re-

construction, the work should be re-



. newed on a larger scale.



“I believed, and still believe, that we

ought to have a nationalized system of

roads. I hope before another congress

expires we shall have before us a gen-

eral scheme for building roads which

will favorably appeal to a majority of

congress. But it is too late to enact

new legislation in this congress. I

suggested a more comprehensive and

scientific plan to the committee, but

it could not be considered. But this

appropriation is as wise an invest-

ment as we can makeTnow in these

disturbed conditions, however diflicult

our financial situation may be. I hope

the various state highway commissions

will see to it that it is so expended

that it will contribute to a national

system, which I am sure this country

must adopt sooner or later. Let the

states build the laterals but let us have

a system of national highways extend-



. ing through every state, east and west,



3, north and south.



“I have not been pleased with the

administration of this law in the De-

partment of Agriculture. I think the

money has not been as wisely expend-

t ed as it should have been; but we are

learning in the matter of road building.

. The states themselves are cooperating

- now, and every year makes them wiser



‘ in the matter of road construction, and



I cannot believe that very much of this



money will be wasted. Therefore,



while I am not heartilyjn favor of this



system, because I believe there is a



better one, nevertheless it being inaug-



urated, and, this being the present 01).



fortunity to render aid in this emer-



gency of reconstruction, I feel it is

wise to pass the bill.” '





 





best. A Cheap machine is uBUaIIthhe

most expensive.





 

 





 





 





 





 

 





that patients tyrant:

amass Wm





 





 

 

   

 





 





 

 





AT TERY ‘

SERVICE ’7

STATION . 





 





' ‘N 7HENTrout-‘present'automobile or tractor

. battery wears out (and it will wear out some

day) you ought to buy a USL Storage Battery—the

standard equipment on hundreds Of thousandswof

automobiles and tractors.





i, When you. buy your “USL”

brand-new “Dry-Charged” Battery,

ful and as fresh as if handed out to

door of the USL-Battery Factory.

l USL “Dry-Charged" is the USL method of preparation.1

gIt means that the battery is finished—100% perfect—and all

Iready to light your car and turn, the starter, but instead of

'shipping it wet or full of liquid (electrolyte) the liquid lS_

poured out and the battery thoroughly washed. Then the

caps are screwed down tight on a special, soft-rubber washer,

thus sealing the battery, which of course is fully charged and

only needs to be filled again by the USL Service Station m

- lyour town, after which it is ready for use.





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





."you will receivé‘E‘.

that is as power:

you at the very}





   

   

   

   

   





 





The-e Michigan USL ser-





If purchasing an incubator get the 3





The difference be: :~

.y tween a goodand poor hatch .‘win ones. » .

_ make up for the umerencelinlininai "

; cost Follow, the manufacturer's}..dineeo ‘



' They should know the bestfivfar 5

may;





vice stations carry a com-

plete stock of parts to re air -

our make of battery. hey

WI I guarantee their repairs

on an 8-monthe’ adjustment





balls.





1





Ann Arbor. Taxicab & Transfer “





Bad Axe. .

Wagner Garage and Salesl'oom.





Bangor, J. D. Nattzer.





Battle Creek. . A

Battle Creek Battery Service Station





Bay City,

Bay City Tire dc Supply 00.,

1 107 Fifth St.

Paul Nissen. Inc.





43 Brady Street.



Curtis Detroit Sales (70.,

534 Grand River Avonuv.



Gratiot Storage Battery Service Station.

1183 Gratlot Avenue.



Victor Auto Service (’30.,



e149 E. Canticld Avenue.





 

 

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





New Bulthore, Wolverine Garage.

Pontiac. Service Garage.

Port Huron, Paige Overland Co.





' Saginaw,

\ Paul Nissen. Inc.,

803 Genessce Avenue.





Wayne. Standard Garage.





 

   

   

   

 

 

 

   

 

 





 





it.





Thus you buy a new,

of life, long life,

pasted plates.





Adrien, Nichols Bros.

. A“). . Alblo Gil. . n .

”rim, n rage But even if anything should happen, you are pro-





Chelsea, A. G Falst.

“M‘s‘i‘éfii‘iarghoamg, (Iljosirnii3 h0w to do it. They want to help you for the

. cago .‘treet. ’ ' , '

. - attery Man 8 slogan is.

Denrborn, Buierd Garage.

DetmIIJtnlted Electric Smut-o (‘0, “The longer we make your present battery last, the





Boss Tire Service Co. « -

2409 Woodward Avenue. ”E ,=._. ==.~_—_ -. _-

Durand, Barton's Garage. ’flfil'fi‘l'w y/ .

Eaton Rapids. Smith Tire Shop. FREE " " 2- " .

Orangrglaxids. I

e u o nn. ‘

235 Washington Street. 5. li. 50-Cent Battery-Book

31:23:?“ Harry Barr. Thiehis a ilelxt-book that tells you

H . .. ‘ everyt ing 1 at you need to know

l‘l‘izcagr‘fi‘afg‘E‘fi‘;£.‘mge' about .thc construction, care and

Kalamazoo. Cuthbcrt Battery Shop. 09:“??? 0;. “0dr“; battuery. h is

. r . .. a ex - 00 use y co egcs an

Lansing. Barker FOWIU‘ Llecaic ‘t 0- automobile schools. It sells for 50





 





 





fresh, powerful battery, which is full

for it contains the exclusive USL machine-

Now plates are the heart of a battery, and the

USL Battery has the strongest heart of them all. USL

machine-pasted plates are what make USL Batteries





last so long.





tected, for the “ USL”, is sold on a 15-months’ guaran-

teed adiustment-basis. You are bound to get your full

money-value. It is therefore well worth while to look

up the nearestlUSL Service Station when you need a

new battery. If your battery “goes 'dead” and you

have not the time todrive into town, write the near-

est USL Service Station. They will tell you what to





surer we are of eventually selling you a new one. ”





U. 3. Light & Heat Corporation, Niagara Falls, NZY.





 





cent} 3 copy. but your USL Service

Stltlon will give vou one FREE.

there is no USL Service Station near

you,we will mail you one Free iiyou

Will give us the name and address of

the Battery Station where you have

y our battery cared for.

t





 





A Battery for m '

"x, every make end model of car





‘nl II In‘ 0‘





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





   

 

 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





,ux One Man Alone BINDER TWINE

I m 'll-y It 30 Days Free Handles Biggest stumps! ' uni-enteed A1. bug treated. f.o.b. factory neurchiclco

‘\ S . , mT°’?a‘::§3;%“-“:£itttm w... trains at: anemia? st stratus:



; ‘ ' me i .

, .. 5., end N0 Mont) si- airsgzitmaa‘i’i’tsia‘ii °°“"““°’ °"’“°°°"m”°”°m'w“°





comes try it on our own stum ve it

' rave til-tit will,

leased.





, SEED CORN FOR SALE





every severe tes -—let it





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 





Coward-fluctuate!“ .

wig“ nun «our expense. yofiu‘fi'flugn’ni‘fmigh'fii’ngu'gw Golden Dent long grown and acclimated in Michigan.

5 g \ . ‘ Deep kernels, 181‘? ear and stalk. A heavy cropper,

Aren't " m ONE-MIN In our 70 lbs. $5.00 ohfilleibtéefi buhfiflob

, L. 0 p l Stu” P V . .11} , . . . . 1, wosso, Mich.

' 1.677; -- , 4'"? -.o..1“ ‘ f 1 . M'ch. Yell 'D’m

"L; ‘ “gs-“me";"a‘ " ' ““3". “3‘ I l' " seed corn cglrnsbgen grbw on $3.556. the

‘ ‘;\.a\a opal-““01",. . .r—u". Lxl‘ . ”LB-Y last 25 years and will mature at $4.00 a bu. includ-

’ A ' ~ ' civic. One man alone ea ‘IL‘ ingflbags twill also Plymouth Rock eggs at. 81.0) per

vW“m‘? Wd’m‘h‘m‘ mefln 5° ”8 ° .‘J'onn LOHMAN, n.3, Hamilton, Mich.

9 Into NIH .

d ‘3'...“ t 1‘ ' a“. ' ‘ T Old i Mi 1] '

, . re'ble' 11. Y '

. _ .43 = . -- , . . - -- SEED CORN- Dent. at... .9... amist‘é

mm“ W W at air-er ”murmur" exams?“-

~ ' , . ‘ ‘ ‘ ‘ ,. r n s m n u .

. - .. ‘- , 319 , , ,. g ,. ‘ . e a FTCE‘lBfiATEii’.Memph.Mioh.'



. . Flt. ' “Wmflufil‘m 7 " ’ " of all kinds of fmit‘treee .1 , a a ‘ / i ' ‘

.. ,‘ cunt-m bowie/acme”. [A Grand Stmk berry plants. mmphmbe. EOI' SIQ’ 332%?adaifli wigé‘tligifi w$d%gi"

"' ‘Em°"°’ a...“ ”mass a...” sea as.“ WWW“artsane‘rsr’m’“ a w... $i€.‘iti‘t°6ti§i{““it“£“§"i at: ' "



. . , . , _ , . - - ' - . n a o a

. _ 2 pn’n-l g V' . >~ mfil‘fil‘ NU 133.1%8, Box 2, Eaton. Ohio. flamers Michigan Crop Improvement sedation

‘ - ' ‘ ‘ 3i huffiln‘m ‘9’ Get outlawing" .pnoou. 1mm 1 When" writing to Pdvertiserl, Please mm, '1‘" ‘ _

' ' _ , 4‘” The Michigan Farmer. "





- TKEOWEEYI‘angrm trace. out;
Dotted lines show

how the inside of the

“cup” of a Timken

Bearing is tapered to

fit over the tapered

rollers.





-u um». w LwWw-"m en < «m

'IA\WA-LW~W»‘W"W





.u-..».. .~*~—ww~...~.nvmvnm' ~w-m <

.r- .. he... .,._...... v... o» mm“...





.

"u ... y.- ... "W n. 1 up ‘3

i any! tuleW\W-w ~er'me

,UJIMVW-ll

,. n. ..

n”





.‘uu‘u J‘WM'wAuI .U..,.uu....

. ...... u" '





:nmmvmmunu

vaA-l «mwn.~m..,..





Ali!

w“-.-.~.-m~s~v~ m’mvgvaun.

I.“ mu... . ..





“Take. Up” instead of “Wear Out”





Suppose your valves

couldn’t be ground when

they got leaky.





SuppoSe there wasn’t any

“spring” in your piston

rings.



Suppose bolts couldn’t

be tightened up, after they

worked loose.





Your truck, tractor or motor

car would be mighty short lived

if it were not for take-up here and

at other points where wear goes

on. Rattles and pounds would

soon develop to tear the ma-

chine to pieces.





In the bearings which always

have to stand a lot of hard

knocks and heavy pressure,

take-up is especially important.

The take-up feature of the Tim-





ken Roller Bearing enables you

to make a new bearing of it at

the end of every season. All

that’s needed is a part turn of

the adjusting nut or removal of

a shim.





Another important thing that

Timken Taper does for the trac-

tor, truck or passenger car, in

wheels, differential, and other

points of service, is to take end

thrust just as well as downward

load.





Because of Timken Taper,

Timken steel and workmanship,

Timken Bearings not only resist

wear themselves, but they pro-

tect and extend the life of other

important working parts of the

machine. Learn more about

Timken Taper in the booklet

“Timken Bearings for Farm

Tractors.” ~





THE TIMKEN ROLLER BEARING COMPANY

Canton, Ohio





 





 





y





nfiwmr 'vztgw‘:rmvfig-—r~ Wm. . h . .

n.
, — ‘Q» “—0-.— _..~_..‘_,Mb ‘





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





F1ench Gills Employed by UniiedR





Miss Anderson, Trade Union Lead-

“Look Like the Yank“





er, Attends Peace Conference.





 





‘ Doughboy Presents His Sweetheart With Remark-

able Belt Containing Twenty Insignias of War.





 





 





 





 





 





“fin.“ r...





 





 





 





Jo. Davidson, the Noted Sculptor, Comp pleting 131151 of General Pershing.





 





 





 





 

 





Herefi? Plays:the Regimental Baml, while lthe U. S. Steamship Missouri Steam into the





'8 Al

ut’bb'r at Hobart-311,: with the Last of line TWenty-seventh Division. 7
~ '. ._ EWIS CLARK and Willis Law-

7 L rence, the pioneer rural free de-



livery carriers of Michigan, had-

stuck to their job through hot and cold,

wet and dry weather, and had navigat-

ed fairly good and miserably poor

roads for about nineteen years with-

out any let-up or much of a vacation.

They ‘ showed, symptoms of sticking

like a bull dog for quite a spell yet,

and had proved themselves good sol.

diets in fighting poor roads and weath-

er and punching mail into the farmers‘

mail boxes along their routes.



So we thought over a plan of erect-

ing some kind of a marker or memorial

‘, in the village of Climax to commemor-

ate the starting of rural free delivery

in Michigan, and also provide a perma-

nent recognition of these carrier boys

and their long service on the original

routes out of Climax post office. Then

we submitted the plan to the farmers

on the routes and to the Climax “Men's



Fellowship Club." at one of their meet-

ings, illustrating the plan by means of

sketches. The idea took unanimously.



Our next move was to take up the

plan with our Chamber of Commerce

in Battle Creek, as the writer was the

chairman of the agricultural commit-

tee. The Chamber of Commercepvoted

to send the writer to Charlevoix to at-

tend the annual meeting of the Michi—

gan Rural Letter Carriers and extend

an invitation to them to meet at Battle

Creek the next year. Vile did so, and

explained that we wished the carriers

to meet in our city, and that we want-

ed to erect an “R. F. D. Memorial Mon-

ument" in Climax in time for the state

association to help dedicate it. The

plan was enthusiastically and unani-

mously endorsed, and the date was set

for Thursday, July 26, 1917.



During the months of June and July

the memorial was constructed. At our

suggestion a local buildingcommittee

was appointed to work under our di-

rection. It was a rather slow’ job to

collect and sort out the stones, place

them in position, make sketches and

number each stone and assign to its

proper owner. The writer, as general

chairman, and designer of the monu-

ment, had to spend a portion of twen-

ty-‘seven days driving to the village to

work and direct all details. -



The plan we made was to use one

stone from each of the farms along the

'original routes traversed by Clark and

Lawrence. In spite of careful instruc-

tions, many of the stones brought or

sent in by the farmers were too large

or too small. In order to build up such

a shaft of field stone, without a single

bit of chipping or breaking, it was nec-

essary to lay out and try many stones

in position before the final setting. By

using the larger ones at the bott m

and in the corners, and gradually wor -

ing in smaller ones in the upper tiers,

it was possible to harmonize the great





cw





By' J. H. Brown





variety of shapes and colors and make

a beautiful” shaft of rough field shone.

But it took some time and trying out.

We found that it would be better to

take in all three rural routes and se'

cure more stones.



There are exactly 239 stones stick-

ing out of the shaft—nine from old, his-

torical sites in the village, and one

each from about 230 farms on the Cli-

max rural routes. It was a decided

novelty, and this is, so far as we know,

the first memorial so constructed. It

is officially known that this is the





and the maps will, with some pictures

we took during and after construction,

be flamed and hung up in the poet

ofllce. ' -. , ~ .

Previous to commencing construc.

tion of the monument, we applied to

the village council for legal authority

to erect the shaft in the exact inter-

section of the two main streets, thus

making it a practical and permanent

semaphore, with road signs above the

cap stone, to direct and divert local

and through traffic. This was olhcially

conferred and than we asked the com-





 





Stones Are from Farms on First Michigan R. F. D. Routes.





“First R. F. D. Memorial in the United

States," and the reverse side of each

of the four road signs declares this

fact. The beauty of the plan is that

in the years to come, each farmer, his

family or descendants, on the first rur-

al route in Michigan, can go to this

monument and pick out the stone that

came from his or an ancestor-’5 farm.

There are fifteen tiers of stones on

each of the four sides. We made a

map of each side wall, marked each

stone with its oilicial number, and

printed an alphabetical list. This list





«a





E;





ty road commission to establish the

street level and grade, in order that

we might have the concrete foundation

top about eight inches above the pave-

ment surface, when the payement is

laid.



The concrete base is about six feet

square, laid four feet deep in the

ground, solid concrete with small stone

thrown in. In the early days of the

village there was a well and town pump

on this spot; Years ago it was filled

in, but we took precautions to rein-

force the bottom of the foundation.





\





The stone shaft is about "ten feet

high to the‘bottom of the Barre gran-





ite cap stone, which is fifteen inches





thick and four feet square. This cap

stone is massive, handsome, weighs

one and one-half tons, and was cut out

by the prisoners of Jackson prison. The

four bronze tablet blocks are also of

Barre granite and project into the

stone shaft from twelve to fifteen inch-

es. The shaft is solid stone and con-

crete, with a verticahthr‘eerinch black-

iron sewer pipe in the exact center ex-

tending from top to bottom. Fromthe

bottom angle it runs in a trench to

and up an electric light pole at the

southwest corner sidewalk. Thus we

laid. an insulated and waterproofed

double-line light. wire under ground

and up through the monument'to the

four large electric lights above the cap

stone. The sewer pipe extends down

the monument, through the trench and

up the pole and thoroughly protects

the light wire. We give particular de-

scription of this construction because

a score or more historical, college and

other organizations have visited this

memorial and have asked for construe

tive details for a somewhat similar de-

sign memorial. One is a college alum-

ni association in eastern Ohio, that

praises the idea of a field stone shaft

with one stone contributed from each

member, and the secretary writes they

wish to build one this coming summer.



The one close-up picture shows the

construction of all four side walls of

field stone, also two of the bronze tab-

lets. After laying two or three tiers

of stones it was necessary to carefully

scrape out the fresh cement—concrete

mortar, after it had partially set, from

between the stones for a depth of two

inches This was a slow and particu-

lar job to secure evenness and make

each stone stick right out like life, as

the picture shows. Not a single stone

was broken or chipped, but left just

as it came from its farm yard, wall

foundation or field, and no stone has

any identification mark. Each stone

was tagged until it was laid in the

wall, when we recorded it on our chart

and alphabetical list. We answer nu-

merous questions that have come to

us, in the above description, as it

seems others are desirous of erecting

some kind of a marker or memorial of

lieu stone made up of individual com

tri‘butions.



The stone. shaft is about five feet

square at the base and three feet

square at the top. It stands perfectly

plumb and level, and tapers harmon-

iously to present a fine appearance to

the eye, from any point of view. Be-

fore commencing to lay a single stone

we erected a staging and guide for con-





struction work. The electric light wire





pipe is plumb in the center of the foam

dation and the outer point of projec-

tion of each stone was measured and

set,by using the pipe as a guide. It





 

 





 





‘49:»..- .__—J-





‘5»,
. ~‘ bag/165.11;

. \is'choolmate of ours, did a fine job in

1 -i.a31ng the stone. ‘





The beauty of the stone Shaft is en- , '





hanced by the projecting massive

48.11161 granite blocks that support the

heaxy home tablets. There are four

of these tablets, and the information

they bear on their face, along with the

‘ inscriptions on the tour porceiain- -en-

’ amel road signs above the capstone, ‘

give condensed and full information as 1

to What the monument stands for. ,

Thousands of tourists have stopped to 1

i001. at the memorial as it attracts in- ,

stunt attention, even a block away; ‘





A...





3.,1There is nothing like it in thevwholev 1





»_m





‘wi-de world,” a. noted traveler excising



ed when he saw it for the first time. .



“it is massive, handsome, lmrmonious:



"in contour ma design, and stands for.



one of the gieatesat benefits that ever



happened to the farm homes of the



United States; the tablets give full in-



flonnatim, and the completed monu-



‘mnt ts an everlasting credit to the. 1



— _ designer.” 3'

The broom tablet on the north side

we designed to bear the. picture of the

tWo carriers, Clark and Lawrence,‘

starting out hem the Climax post of-' .

flee, each with his horse and mad cart

This pictuie was made from the one

shown in recent issue of the Michigan

Farmer. Below the picture is the fol-'

lowing inscription: “First Rural Free.

'De’l‘ivery (“enters Starting Out from‘

Climax Post. Omoe (Show Photo Tali--

en by anh Hodgman). This Tablet

E1ected by Michigan Rum} Letter Car- .

riers Association.” ,a

On the west side is the b1 ooze tablet i

donated by Michigan State Grange It “

reads: “The First Congwss-ional Ap-

eroprlation to Try the Experiment oi'll

-Delixzoring Mail to Famers’ Homes 1

was Secured through the Sirenuous.

Etfmfs of the National and State

._ . Granges in 1896.. The Amount was .

l. Show. This Tablet Erected by Mich





 





.,,.,





,- «1.11-





I..."





igun State Grange, 1917.” The lower:

section of the tablet has the additional .

inscription: “Monument Constructim ;



Committee, Frank L. ‘Wili-ison, William 1



H Sheldon, Simeon E. Ewing.”

Pictmies of the other two tablets ap.

1mm herewith. One was donated by

the D. A. 11. chapters of Calhoun and;

Kalamazoo counties, and is erected on‘

the south side of the shaft 011 the

east side is the tablet elected by the‘



. .cin‘mx peooie and includes local his-



. « 1 ‘ tartan! inflammation.



' 011 the northeast corner of the stone

shaft, in the ninth tier, is the famous!»

“Bork Barnett Stone” (marked by an



» a1mw),that cum from the family of

Benmiin Harrison, one of the signers

of the mMon of Independence

This stone was used in Virginia anal

Maryland by the Harrison family, and .





_.1 1‘11. 1 n





- Iquxm





 





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l ' m usage: to Michigan by wumm

‘ Harm, son of Judge Bezel Hmiscm.



l. who was the first white settle-r in Kal~

' ' ' amen county, in 1899. From that





time, when“Unc1e'IB-ifly”and his bride,



I" America, settled on the farm and built

1" 1 the first'oabi-n on Climax prairie,«for

‘- over eighty-seven years, that stone was



used in the'family- pork barrel to hold.



down the layers of pork in brine.’



3 While we weie erecting the R. F D



stone shaft the youngest son ,of Uncle



'Bi-ily told us about this 901k barrel



stone, and expressed a desire to have



it go in the monument to represent the



LHarrzison Fuim, which was on the or-



liginal R. F. D route out of Climax. It



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Void pioneer farm of the Homeon tam L

_- . ' .lfly Until the concrete set :the stone

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r





1 could look down the aisles of the"

trees for long distances, and no long-





in‘g within sightof my leader. All‘





sense of fear. had passed, away, we





seemed so alone in thegsilent forest,

although once I thought Igheard the





. rep01t of a distant gun, which brought

back to mind a vision of that camp of





death we had left behind. It was a.

wearisome tramp over rough ground,

for while De Artigny fOund passage





yet we were obliged to climb many hills

and once to pick our way. cautiously

through a sickly Swamp, springing

from hummock to hummock to keep

from sinking deep in slimy ooze.



De Artigny came back and aided me

here, speaking words of encourage-

ment, and assuring me that the trail

we sought was only a short distance

beyond. I laughed at his solicitude,

claiming to be good for many a mile

yet, and he left me, never realizing

that I already staggered from weari-

ness.



However, we must have made excel-

lent progress, for the sun had not en-

tirely disappeared when we emerged

from the dark wood shadows into a.

narrow, grassy valley, through which

flowed a silvery stream, not broad, but

deep. Assured that this must be the

water we sought, I sank to the ground,

eager for a moment's rest, but De Ar-

tigny, tireless still, moved back and





1 forward along the edge of the forest to





assure himself of the safety of our sur-

roundings. Barbeau joined him, and

questioned.



“We have reached the trail?”



“Ay, beside the shore yonder; see

you anything of Indian tepees across

the stream to the left?”



“Below, there are wigwams there

just in the edge of the glove. You can

see the outlines f1om he1e; but 1 make

out no moving figures.”



“Dese1ted then; the cowards have

run away. They could not have been

attacked, or the tepees would have

been burned.”



“An Algonquin village ?”



”Miamis. I had hoped we might gain

assistance there, but they have either

joined the whites in the fort, or are

hiding in the woods. ’Tis evident we

must save ourselves.”



“And how far is it?”



“To the fort? A league or two, and

a rough climb at the farther end

through the dark. We will wait here

until after dusk, eat such food as we

have without fire, and rest up for a bit

of venture. The next trip will test us

all, and Madame is weary enough al-

ready.”



“An ,lrour will put me right,” I said,

smiling at him, yet making no attempt

“I have been in a boat so long

I have lost all strength in my limbs. "



“We feel that, all of us ” cheerily,

“but come, Baibeau, unpack, and let us





. have what cheer we can”. 5





1" know not when food was ever

more welcome, although it was Simple

enough to be sure—a bit of hard crack-

er, and some jerked deer meat, washed

down by water from the stream~yet

hunger served to make these welcome.

We were at the edge Of the wood,

already growing dark and dreary with

the shadow; of approaching night. The





Wind, what there was, was. from the





south, and, if there was any firing at

1999 tart. 199159111111 .9f it?» reached 1919:.





 





e1 experienced any difficulty in keen"





through the hollows wherever possible,





, you:





‘Once we imagined we. saw a skulkmg

figure on the opposite bank—an Indian ~

Barbeau insisted—~but it diSappearedjx





so Suddenly as to make us doubt our

Own eyes. '



The loneliness and peril of our situ-

ation- had tendency to keep us Silent,





although 'De Artigny endeavored to





cheer me with kindly speech, and gave

Barbeau careful description of the trail

leading to the fort gate. ,If aught hap-

pened to him, we were to press on

until we attained shelter. The way in

which the Words were “said brought a

lump into my throat, and before I knew

the significance of the action, my hand

clasped his. I felt the grip of his fin-

gers, and saw his face turn toward me

in the dusk Barbeau got to his feet,

gun in hand, and stood shading his

eyes. ‘ ‘ ’



“I would like a closei view of- that

village yonder,” . he said, “and will go

down the bank a hundred yards or so.”

,“’Twill do no harm," returned De

Artigny, still clasping my hand. “There

is time yet before we make our ven-

ture."



He disappeared in the shadows, leav-

ing us alone, and I glanced aside at

De Artigny’s face, my heart beating

fiercely.



“You did not like to hear me speak

as I did?” hequestioned quietly.



“No,” I answered honestly, "‘the

thought startled me. lf——-if anything

happened to you, I——l should be all

alone.”



He bent lower, still grasping my fin-

ge1s, and seeking to compel my eyes

to meet his.



“Adele,” he- whispered, “why is it

necessary 1‘01 us to keep up this mas-

querade. 9”



“What masqueiade,Monsieu1?”



“This pretense at there friendship,”

he insisted, “when we could serve each

other "better by a frank confeSsion of

the truth. You love me—” ‘



“Monsieur,” and I tried to draw my

hand away. “I am the wife of Fran-

cois Cassion”



“I care nothing for that unholy al-

liance. You are his only by form. Do

«you, know what that marriage has cost

me? Insults, ever since we left Que-

bec. The coward knew I dare not lay

hand upon him, because he was your

husband. We would have crossed steel

a hundred times, but for my memory

of you. I could not kill the our, for to

‘do'so would separate us foreven So I

bore his taunts, his reviling, his‘ curs-

es, his orders that were insults. You

think it was easy? 'I am a. woodsman,





”a lieutenant of La Salle’s, and it has





never before been my way to receive

insult without a blow." We are not of

that breed Yet I bore it for ydur

sake—why? Because I loved you. "

“Oh, Monsieur!” .



._ “ ’Tis naught to the shame of either

of- us " he continued, now speaking

.with a. calmness which held me silent.

“And ,I wish you to know the truth,

so far as I can make it clear. This has





'been'in my mind for weeks, and I say

.it to you new as solemnly as though





I knelt before a father confessor. You

have been to me a memOry of inspira-





tion 'ever since we first met years ago’





at that convent in Quebec. . I dreamed

of you in the wilderness, in the canoe

on the great river, and here at St.

Louis. Never did voyaébur go eastward

but I asked him to bring me word from

andreaoh one, bore from me a mess-





 





   





 





sage of greeting ' ’ x,»

.-“I received none, Monsmur ”





failed to learn your dwelling place.

Yet when he finally chose me as his

comrade on this last journey, while I

would have followed him gladly even





to death, the one hope which held me‘





to the hardships of the trail, was the

chance thus given of Seeking you my-

self.”



“It was I you sought then at the

home of Hugo Chevet’, not service un-

der Fiancois Cassion?

met you knew me not.”



“Nay; I had no thought that you

were there. ’Twas told me in Quebec

--for what cause I cannot decide—that

you had returned to France. I had giv-





.en up all hope, and that very fact made

“me blind to your identity,





Indeed, I

scarce Comprehended' that~ you were

really Adele la Chesnayne, until we

were alone together in the palace of

the Intendant. After I left you there,

left you facing: La Barre; left you

knowing of your forced engagement to

his commissaire, I reached a decision

—I meant to accompany his party to

Montreal, find some excuse on the way

for quarrel, and return to Quebec-

and you.” J



He paused, but I uttered no word,

conscious that my cheeks were burn-

ing hotly, and afraid to lift my eyes to

his face.



“You know the rest. I have made

the whole journey; I have borne insult,

the charge of crime, merely that I

might remain, and serve you.’ Why

do I'say this? Because tonight—if we

succeed in getting through the Indian

lines—I shall be again among my old

comrades, and shall be no .longer a.

servant to Francois Cassion. I shall

stand before him a man, an equal,

ready to prove myself with the steel—





“No, Monsieur ” I burst forth, “that

must not be; for my sake you will not

quarrel!”



“For your sake?

me spare him?”



“Oh, why do yOu put it thus, Mon-

sieur! It is so hard for me to explain.

You say you leve me, and—and the

words bring me joy. Ay, I confess that.

But do you not see that a blew from

your hand struck at Francois Cassion





_ You would have





'Would separate us forever? Surely





that is not the end you Seek. I would

not have you bear affront longer, yet

no open quarrel will serve to better

our affairs. Certainly . no clash of

swords Perhaps it cannot be avoid-

ed, for Cassion may so insult you when

he sees us together, as to let his inSol-

ence go beyond restraint. But I beg of

you, Monsieur, to hold your‘hand,’ to

restrain your temper—for my sake.”

“You make it a. trial, a test?”

“Yes—it is a test. But, Monsieur,

theie is mOre involved here than mere

happiness. You must be cleared of the

charge of crime, and I must learn the

truth of what caused my marriage.





Without these facts the future can .





hold out no hope for either of us. And





there- is only one way in Which this end '





‘can be accomplished—a confession by

Cassion. He alone knows the entire

story of the conspiracy, and there is





but one way in which he can be induc-

.ed to talk. ” ~ ” .





“You mean the same method you





.





proposed to me back on the Ottawa?"

I faced him frankly, ‘ my eyes meet-





“ “I know that; even Sieur do is Salle' 1





Yet, -when we '





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“Yes, Wear, I mean that. Wall!

no wrong in the wring. If the men

we sought were honorable {might hes.

item—ebut they have shown no sense of

homr. They have made me their Vic-L

tim, and I am fully justified in turning

their own weaoons against them. I

have never £88111»th in »my purpose,

and I shall not now. I shall use the

Weapons which God has put into my

hands to wring Irom him the truth—

the weapons of’ a woman, love, and

jealousy Monsieur, am I to fight this

fight alone. '7”



At first I thought he would not an-

swer me, although his hand grip tight-

ened, and his eyes looked down intol





1





mine, as though he would read the.





very secret of my heart.



“Perhaps I did not understand be-

fore,” he said at last, “all that was in-

volved in your decision. I must know

now the truth from your own lips be-

fore I pledge myself."



“Ask me what you please; I am not,

too proud to answer."



“i think there must be back of this





choice of yours something more vital ,





than hate, In'ore impelling than re:



v9.1 go.” ' 2

“There is, Monsieur.”



“"‘Mny‘l ask you what?”



"Yes, Monsieur, and I feel no shame

in answering; I love you! Is that:

enough?”



“Enough! my sweetheart—” ,



“Hush!" I interrupted; “not now-—

Barbcau returns yonder.”



CHAPTER XXIV.

We Attack the Savages- ,

T was already so dark that the sol-

I dier was almost upon us before I



perceived his shadow, but it was

evident enough fromhis first words,

that he had overheard none of our

conversation. 1



“There are no Indians in the Vil-

lage,” he said gruffly, leaning on his.

gun, and staring at us. “I got across

to a small island, along “re trunk of

a dead tree, and had good view of the

whole bank yonder. The tepees stand,

but not a squaw, nor a dog is left.”



“Were there any canoes in sight

along the shore ‘3”



“Only one, broken beyond repair."



“Then, as I lead the story, the tribe

fled dawn the stream,either to join the

others on the lllinois, or the whites at,

the tort. They were evidently not at:

tacked, but bad news of the coming of,

the Iroquois, and escaped without wait-

ing to give battle. ’Tis not likely the

wolves will Overlook this Village long.

Are we ready to go forward?”



“Ay, the venture must be made, and

it is dark enough now.”



lie Artigny's hand pressed my shoul-

der gently.



“1 would that I could remain with

you, Madame,” he said. “but as I know

the way my place is in advance. Bar-

bcau must be your protector.”



“Nor could I ask for braver. Do not

permit any thought of me to make you

less vigilant, Monsieur. 'ou expect to

gain the fort, unseen ?"



“ 'Tis merely a chance we tathe

only one,” he explained briefly. “I can-





not even be certain the fort is in state, ‘





of siege, yet, without doubt those war—





riors who went down the river wouldn





be in position to prevent our approach-

ing the rock by canoe. There is a sec-

ret path here, known only to La Salle’s

officers, which, however, should give

us entrance, unless some wandering





Iroquois has discovered/it by accident. _





We must approach. with the utmost

caution, yet I do not anticipate great

peril. Bar-beau, do not become sep-

arated from Madame, but let me me,





cede you by a hundred paces~you will ‘





have no trouble following the trai. ’





He disappeared in the darkness. van- .





ish'ing Silently, and we stood motion—

le'ss waiting cur turn to advance. Neith-





‘ Ger spoke. Biarbeau leaning Iorwsrd, his}, ,

tense 8:11 £118 I} is: '





   

 

 

 

   

 





- l 1 mmmmnunmmm ‘ . '

' * 1, as





nommummnumnmuinsrmmnnmn V





 





 





 





Maine 10 Foot Grain Binder s





’ This new Molina 10-h. tractorbindt-J",f attached to a Moline—Umvennl Tractor runnmg 3%

tulle: per hour one man Inconti- ofbotb tractor and binder. will cut 40 acres of grain

in a ten- hour “any. This 15 more than 2 men and 8 horses with two 8- ft. binders can do; and

more than 3 men with any other tractor lull-lug two B-Tt. binder. can 0.



onsidering the amount of work it wil do. and the saving in expense. the Molinc lO-ft.



binder 111 the lowest priced binder ever made. and it will last Moe a. as any at or. But

of greater impol‘tncc is facttbat you can now harvest your grain when 1t is ready in halfthe

time you ever did before—this may save you the price of the entire 011th any rainy season.



The Molina Ill-Qt. Binéet is made to work with the Molme-Univencl Tractor. One

mn controls both tractor and binder from the seal: of the binder. The entire outfit

”easily and quickly backed to turn square comets so that a full w1dtl1 of cut can always



maintained. The new Mo me er in constructed heavier throughout and has mu

mater capacity than any home (haw wn binder.





 





 





TquippedWiti Hyatt Mu Ban-hes Hallie Tractor Wat: Year 'Round

lmportantbearings. 32 m all, are equ1ppcd After harvesting you can use your Moline-

' “h Kym roller bearings. e Universal Tractor to run a separator





double the life of the binder. allowit to run and do all the threshing 1n your nci labor-



& much faster speeds. make lighter draft There 19 no cndof uses forthe oline-



and require only one oiling a season. This Universal Tractor. You can plow, d1sc, seed.



feature alone saves one hour or more a day. cultivate, mow,i harvest. etc. .and do all your

vator gears are enclosed and pack: in belt work w'



inc-Univeual Tractor does all





 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 

 





 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 





a aac.Tl1crc are many oflxer features about

binder which enable yuuco barvatfaster. farm work Inclua'ng animal! , and one man

cheaper an better than you ever did before. can a both tractor and impngment from the



header attachment la provided so tbat seat of the implement.

_ flu Molinc Binder can be easily. and at Thousands of farmers In all parts of the

= “" auto a}: ct. memvinxcvay y flieMaline-

- (M'mhm, a t mdymmdgmhco count. Whilst: MM .mnal

E -—~ 11mm ’ “ 1t ifpay to ownt'his outfit. You will pay for and efficient tractor made that it practically

Culm‘n?“ binder cutting you’mmd neighbor Imam. doubles am 3 results and reduces cxpcntc.

cub Drin-





Lime Soweto





It will paymto nae line Maine- Universal Tractor and Molinc Grain Binder 1‘

this”. Secrwfloline'l'm rwm ' I '





Moline Plow Company, Molina, Illinois





Manufacturer. of Quality Farm hula-noun Since 1865





Mowarl as now or writ: us





 

 

 





 

 

   

 





IN MOB.

Hay waders

Nay scum

Crnin Binder.

Cam finders





 





 

 





Pinon Scale!

rode





Wagons





 





 





 





 





 





I 'J-vll ._ ‘3' N T

-. - ‘ . .3 __.._ a Mom , 3 .. .

- _ ‘ ~x—AEMTW .





.-,. T.“

_ -(ut-L-K , . ‘

. K _ .__. —.. -..-::“~. _. —. ea A- ‘ _

s. ‘ - .-—.=—’ . “3" A: " ' -> ' x



z .. ...~- _' .. __ a. .. ‘ ‘ 4' _ .. , - ~ .._. .-



v .— -»

‘ :‘_~

’- . ‘3 J" .9. “an"... m a- .. 3 3 3. .__._,.._, 4r '_N

n 1“," ‘ .n’l - - .

M ’0. ' s .vn _





 





 





Bee Hives, Sections Comb Found.-

tlon, Smokers, etc Such: Mustang.

Can supply beglnucr‘ a auditorium-

with or without bees. Ctr m On

request. Beeswax wanted.





: Berry Baskets





Standard quart wood hem bas-

kets. and wax-nixed paper baskets.

16 quart. crates in 1131. Bend!

arise sheet.





 





WOLVERINE OATS





The Michigan Agricultural College's New Oat

Out-Yielding the Worthy—120 Bushels to 100





Plant Some This Year





There was about 320 acres. planted to this new cat last year andf}

there will be a big demand next year for good seed. Have it to





u." next spring.

Inspected Seed

Our supply is small and has been inspected, true to name and

absolutely the best seed of this new variety on the mafiket





PRICES: Carefully nuclem ed, hand

to your station,l 1—2 bu. $2. 50 l bu. $3.25; 2 l4





In ~10 bu. lots (4 bags) I". O. B. here, bags extra at 50c, $2. 00 per bushel.





Ask for Saier’ 5 Seed Catalog

It is full of information about Michigan-Grown Seeds for

Midugan Grown.

HARRY E. SAIER, Seedsman

LANSING, MICHIGAN BOX 23





ll. 1!. HUNT & 80!

Box 525 - -. Land-9.1mm





“Ion Potatoes”





, mmmn

7-3; . hyuseofoThe KEYCTO-fl

1'"! a 3' POTATO mmn





\ by any other antacid

* 1111111311113.ka





 





,1





 





durable machine. :rlto



for CATAL [HOG , “Do

A. J. FLA”. M



801811811136“





llEfilSlEREll FIEUJ SEES





for sale b members of

Michigan Crop morovemenf m. .v i





J. W. NICOLSON, Sec',





, EAST LANSING, MICHIGAN

mas mm





avg-£11m bags and delivered
- /





 





Send for this paint film





SEND right here to our

mam office, and we will

promptly send you a two

coat p1ece of paint like

this, that you can hold 111

your hand like a sheet of

rubber.



It is elastic like rubber.

It is waterproof like rub—

ber. It will show you, as

never before, how thin :1

thing two coats of paint





Talk it over with the Lowe Paint dealer in your town.

We will see that you get any Lowe Paint you want.





vtection or decay of your





 





”if.“





1

fit“,

1/‘





“(n.7, 2.1,. .





+14.





'1;





fl





is. It will make you

realize how little a thing

stands between the pro-





buildings, and how good

that little thing must be.

It will make it plain to

you just why a paint of

lastingness must cost a

bit more, and be worth a

good bit more than it

costs.





If there is none, write us.

Send for the paint film.





flélowe Brothers amour





499 EAST THIRD STREET, DAYTON, OHIO





Boston New York Jersey City





Chicago





Atlanta Kansas City Minneapolie





y’ai at s





assas-





uzeew seam :— ,.





fiE-u





 





While high prices for Grain, Cattle





1 fiEES-s-a 'ISIE-RSSSS ES“'E§-Ii'i£ilil§





Western Canada for

years hashel ofeed

world—the same responsi-





the

bility of production still rats 11 S11 hher.





' are sure to remain. price of land' 18 much belowits svalue.

Land capable of yleldlng 20 to 45 [web-

els of wheat to the acre can be had on

easy terms at from $15 to $30 per

acre—good grazing land at much leee.





Many farms paid for from a sin

cattle, sheep and ho sbrings equa

encourages farm ng and stock raising.

Land Co’ 3. offer

Farms may be stocked by loans at moderate interest.





BIB.





Western Canada offers low taxation,g





le year’s cro Raising

success. The vemment

Railway and

unusual inducements to Home See





markets and ship-





ping; free schools; churches and healthful climate.





For particulars as

trated literature, etc.,





M. V. Melon“.-





creduced railway rates ea, location of land, illus-

apply to Supt. of lnnnlg.. Ottawa. Cah.,





I'll Johann IV... Detroit. lien,

Canadian Government Agent.





 





Works in any soil. flakes V-sha

ditch lor clean-din: tches up tofourl

lteel. Reversible. Adjustav

W to for free book award propodtion.

Whit ”collector-deacon“.-

Ieg m Oven-ere.”-





 





. me a sense Volgdanger”





 





 





v





Eon OLD FALSE Tenn,





AS SCAPDL‘DJEWELJH. ETC.





‘31:“ as useless false lcclb. (with or 11111111111011

fillhfl). discarded or broken lcwelry. watcher. Inu-

11m poinIanything containing gold. silver or

~ we will aend you the full cash value by return

hold Mr goods l0 days pending your «cement; 0‘

.) Dun and Breanne: Refer-men.

fiMEI-‘flflc a surname conrnu

fad; Baum Cleveland. Ohio





Reliability -Streng th

Long Life‘ ,





That is what

you want in a

windmill. The

IXL has been made [or 46

cars and has all of these

eatures.

W1 lie for analogue .

lhling—Doorenboa, Succeaeoreeo

Phelliau-Bigel'ow \ indmlll co.,:





 





 





 





 





 





;f..c‘ould feel;

swift pounding of my heart, and I

clasped the soldier’s jacket merely to

assure myself of his actual presence.

The pressure of my fingers cauSed him

to glance about.-



“Do not be frightened, Madame,” he

whispered. “There would be firing yon-

der if the Iroquois blocked our path."



“Fear not for me,” I answered, sur-

prised at the steadiness of my. voice.

“It is the lonely silence which makes

me shrink; as soon as we advance I

shall have my nerve again. Have we

not waited long enough. ‘P”



“Ay, come; but be careful where



you place your feet.”

. He led the way, walking with such

slow caution, that, although I followed

step‘ by step, not a‘sound reached my

ears. Dark as'the night was, our eyes,

accustomed to the gloom, were able to

distinguish the marks of the trail, and

follow its windings without much dif-

ficulty. Many a ,moccasined foot had

passed that way before us, beating

down a hard path through the sod, and

pressing aside the low bushes which

helped to conceal the passage. At first

we followed along rather closely

the bank of the stream; then the nar-

row trail swerved to the right, enter-

ing a gap between two bills, ever tend-

ing to a higher altitude. We circled

about large rocks, and up a ravine,

through which we found barely room

for passage, the walls rising steep and

high on either side. It was intenéely

dark dOWn mere, yet impossible for us

to escape the trail, and at the end of

that passage we emerged into an open

space, enclosed with woods, and hav-

ing a. grit of sand under foot. Here

the trail seemed to disappear, but Bar-

beau struck straight across, and in the

forest shade beyond we found De Ar-

tigny waiting. '



“Do not shoot,” he whispered.

was afraid you might misjudge the

way here, as the sand leaves no clear

trace. The rest of the passage is

through the woods, and up a steep hill.

You are not greatly wearied Madame ?”





“Oh, no; I have made some false





“A half league beyond; a hundred

yards more, and we begin the climb.

There we will be in the zone of dan-

ger, although thus far I perceive no

sign of Indian presence. Have you,

Barbeau?” ‘



“None except this _feather of a war

bonnet; I picked up at the big rock

below.” .



“A feathell Is it lloquois?"



“It is cut square, and no Algonquin

ever does that?”



“Ay, let me see! You are right, Bar-

‘beau; ’twas dropped from a Tuscarora

War bonnet. Then the wolves have

been this way."



“Could it not be possible, ” I asked,

“that the feathei was spoil of war

dropped by some Miami in flight?”



He shook his head.



“Possible perhaps, but not probable;

some White man may have passed this

way with trophy, but no Illinois Indian

would dare such venture. I have seen

them before in Iroquois foray. I like

not the sign, ‘Barbeau, yet there is

naught for us to do now, but go on.

We dare not be found without the fort

at daybreak.~Keep within thirty paces

of me, and guard the lady well.”





It was a dense woods we entered,

and how Bar beau kept to the trail will

ever be to me a mystery. No doubt

the instinct 'Of a. woodsman guided him

somewhat, and then, with his mocas-





 





(SI '





steps in the dark, but the pace has-

been slow. Do we approach the fort?”-





ined feet, he could feel the slight de-'

'- fpresSIcn in the earth, and thus cling

._ to the narrow path. I would have been

lost- in a moment, had I not clung to:

' , 111m, and we moved forward like two

‘ snails, scarcely venturing to breathe,

;our motions as silent as a wild ban-

I ‘jther Stdlking its prey. ’ - » ‘

» in;





9111,11... sudden noise





ing me to give utterance to half-start» ~





led? cry. I could feel how tense was





'every muscle in the soldier' abody, as





be advanced steadily step by step, his

gun‘flung forward, each nerve strained

to the utmoat. '



We crossed the wood, and began to

climb among loose stones, finally find-

ing solid rock beneath our feet, the

path skirting the edge of what seemed

to be a‘deep gash in the earth, and

winding about wherever it could find

passage. The way grew steeper and

steeper, and more diflicult‘to traverse,

although, as we thus rose above. the

tree limit, the shadows became less

dense, and we were able to dimly per-

ceive objects a yard or two in advance.

I strained my eyes over Barbeau’s

shoulder, but could gain no glimpse of

De Artigny. Then we rounded a sharp

edge of rock, and met him blocking the

narrow way. '





“The red devils are there,” he said,

his voice barely audible. “Beyond the

curve in the bank. ’Twas God’s mercy

I had glimpse in time, or I would have

walked straight into their midst. A

stone dnopping into the ravine warned

me, and I crept on all fours to where

I could see.” -



“You counted them?”



“Hardly that in this darkness; yet

’tis no small pa111 ’Twould be my

judgment there are twenty warriors

thele. ”



“And the fort?” *



“Short rifle shot away. Once past

this party, and the way is easy. Here

is my thought Barbeau. There is no

firing, and this party of wolves are ev-

idently hidden in ambush. They have

found the trail, and expect some party

from the fort to pass this way.”





“Or else,” said the other thought-

fully, “they lie in wait for an assault

at daylight—that would be Indian war-

fare”



“True, such might be their purpose,

but in either case one thing remains

true—they anticipate no attack from

below. All their vigilance is in the oth-

er direction. A swift attack, a surprise

will drive them into panic. ’Tis a grave

risk I know, but theye is no other pas-

sage to the fort.”



“If we had arms, it might be done.”



“We‘ll give them no time to discov-

er what we have—a shot, a yell, a

rush forward. "’Twill all be over with

before a. devil among them gets his sec-

ond breath. Then ’tis not likely the-

garrison is asleep. If "we once get by

there will be help in plenty to hold

back pursuit. ’Tis a desperate chance

I admit, but have you better to pro‘

pose?”



The soldier stood silent, finge1ing

his gun, until De Artigny asked impa-

tiently:



”You have none?” .



“I know not the passage; is there no

way around ‘?”



“No; this trail leads alone to the fort

gate. I anticipated this, and thought it '

all out as I came along. In the sur-

prise at the first attack, the savages

will never know whether we be two or

a dozen. They will have no guard in

this direction, and we can creep al-

most upon them before attempting a.

rush. The twoin‘advance' should be

safely past before they recover sufli- '

ciently to make any fight. It will all

be done in the dark, you know.”





“You will go first, with the lady. ‘7”



“No; that is to be your task, I will

cover the rear.”



I heard these words,.yet it was not

my privilege to protest. Indeed, I felt

that he was right, and my courage ,

made response to his decision



“If this be the best way possible}! I i

send quietly, for both men glanced "

questiolnn'gly at me, “then do not think





{of me as helpless, or a burden. .. I will».
Jane .wo'. pref nest. meme. grad i

keep» Wazenogh. to touch-yaw “lead ,

er. The instant I yell, and Barbeau

fires, the two of you leap up, and rush ;

forward. Pay no heed to me.” - ’



(Continued neitt week).]fl f





 





 





 





 

 

 

 





,_ t.___.._._





‘iBy'zthe Way”





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   





 

 





 

 

 





 

 

 





DlSCRETION.





 





 





”$3.





Maud ul er Up To Date





“RAKING the meadow sweet with hay"

loses none of its romance while it gains

in its dollars-and-cents aspects by the use of





lip-to-date haying tools. .



Haying time waits for no man. To guard against pos-

sible loss be prepared to mow, rake, ted and load your

crop from hayfield or meadow at the proper moment.



For years you have been cheerfully complying with

Government request to save materials by repairing

your old machines rather than making replacements.

Now that the need for this has passed, would it not be

the part of real economy to buy a new machine and be

assured of uninterrupted and maximum service at a

time when a break-down would mean serious embarrass-

ment and loss.





Deering, McCormick and Milwaukee Mowers,

Rakes and Tedders and International and Key-

stone Side Delivery Rakes and Loaders





are doing satisfactory work on thousands of farms,

needing little attention, and successfully meeting all

hayfield emergencies. The combined side-delivery





rake and tedder is a Winner.



international and Keystone loaders lift the hay 10 feet

Without imury to blossom and leaves. Sweep rakes,

stackers and combined sweep rakes and stackers clean

up big fields in a hurry. .



The use at these thorough-geing, sivrft, dependable

tools is making haying time paying time. -



And hand in hand .with every haying tool goes service. The

I H C dealer is equipped to handle quickly your repair and

adjustment needs. He is always in close touch with one of our 89

branch houses, whose resources and facilities are at your service.



Our organization, being an essential industry, has been speeded

to top-notch efficiency. By anticipating your needs and order-

ing early, you make it easier for us to take back our soldier boys

without disturbing our present organization.





Teacher.——.“VVillie, do you love your

enemies ‘2”

Williee—“Yes’mfiwhen I meet ’em all

at once.” .

__._____‘_...————————





'A HOT PACE.





 

 





 





A Georgian from up in the moun~

tains came to- town on his annual trip

with a load of corn, sweet potatoes and

other produce to exchange for grOCer-

ies; As he neared the city he saw, a

sign: “Speed Limit Fifteen Miles an

Hour.” Prodding his oxen frantically

with a stick he muttered: “By golly!

I don’t believe we can make it.”



____._._.__._.__———





IT AWAS A GOAT.





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





 





“Little boy," asked the well-meaning

reformer, “is that your mamma o‘ver

yonder with the beautiful set of furs ?”



“Yes, sir,” answered the bright lad.



“Well, do you know what poor ani-

mal it is that has to suffer in order

that your mamma might have the furs

with which she adorns herself ?"



“Yes, sir. My papa."





 





 





ALL BOOKS ARE NOT SO DRY.





 





Card from a local station agent to a

studious citizen:



“Sir——P1ease send, without delay, for

the case of Pooks directed to you,

which is lying at this station and is

leaking badly."





AND THANK YOU.





 

   

   

   

   

 





 





Pat went to a druggist to get an

empty bottle. Selecting one that an-





 





   

     

 





 

 

 

 

   





The' FIB Line of international 5

Harvester Quality Machines

Grain Harvestmg' Machines

Binders Push Binders

Headers Rice Blades





Harvester-Thrashers Rea

Shockers Three are





Tillage Implements

Disk Harrows

Tractor Harrows

Spring-Tooth Barrows

P - ooth Harrows

Orchar Harrows Cultivators





Planting and Seeding Machines

Corn Planters Corn Drills

Grain Drills Broadcast Seeders

Alfalfa and Grass Seed Drills

Fertilizer and Lime Sowers





H i M I .

Mowers Side Delivery Rakes

Comb. Side Rakes &Tedders



Tedders Loaders (Allt

Baling Presses akes

Sweep Rakes Stackers





Comb. Sweep Rakes & Stackers ’

Bunchers





Belt Machines





Ensilage Cutters Corn Shellera

Huskers and Shredders

Hay Presses Stone Burr Mills

Threshers Feed Grinders

Cream Separators





   

   

   

   

   

 





Power Machines





Kerosene Engines

Gasoline Engines

Kerosene Tractors '

Motor Trucks

Motor Cultivators





Com Machines





Planters Motor Cultivators

Drills Ensilage Cutters

Cultivators Binders Pickers

Shellers Husker-Shredders





Dairy Equipment





Cream Separators (Hand)

Cream Separators (Belted)

Kerosene Engines

MotorTrncks Gasoline Engines





Other Farm Equipment





Manure Spreaders

Straw Spreading Attachment

Farm Wagons Stalk Cutters

Farm Trucks Knife Grinders

Tractor Hitches Binder Twine





 





 





SWGI'ed his Purpose, he mike“: “HOW Write us for catalogues and buy your haying equipment from





 





 





 





the I H 0 dealer.





   

 





 





 





much?”

“Well,” said 'the clerk, “if you want

the empty bottle it’ll be five cents, but

it you want something put in it we

won’t charge anything for the bottle."

“Sure, that's fair enough,” observed

Pa. “Put in a cork.”





 

   





 





NOT NECESSARY.





 





 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

   





“They say old Bucks died of con- .

sumption," said Mrs.'Flynn to a neigh‘

bor.



“Oh, I never knew they had con-

sumption in the family.”



“That doesn’t matter,” said Mrs.

Flynn. “My sister's husband died of

gastric fever and there was no gas in

the house they always used ker-

osene.”





frenAY's’ mm





0.13“.“ \Ci'r'l’l‘ll'fll'flk 'Ilil‘





Ensilage Cutters -'}’22:.Z‘.’25‘3"‘





EVER have the farmers of America

so quickly recognized superior cutter \

merit as in the Kalamazoo. They are



built to give satisfaction—and they do. absolutely.



The center-shes: cut means better ensilage. smoother running, less



power. no clogging of blower. Big capacity; perfectly balanced. Mall:



blc, unbreakable cutter~wheel and blower makes fast cutting practical. Kala-





mazoo Ensi‘ Simple In Construction, Durable, Satisfactory





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 





 





 





h“ Cutters are One lever starts. stops. reverses and

insures easy control of the ma-

chine. Frame is constructed

of channel steel and the

entire cutter is _built

of best material

throulhout. Sites

for every farm-

: r ' I n e c d .

Investizatc

DOW.





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





   





 





 

 





 





WRITE FOR CAT



It illustrntu'and describes our complete Bneof

cutters and contains inst. the kind of advance

information you need before investing your none!





 





 





 

 

 

 





 





We: Bud Anton-ac Dis-chlor-

Oequlpped with our wonderful Iocklnx-re- ?

leasing lever use you time and labor—Ind ' ,

insure safety inlading or releasing the cows,

sis-mnemonic» est. Izod equipment ‘





 

 

 





/ .





 

 

 

 

 

 





if





P





‘ the?



, .- , » - “Wished. WWsstlendi cuss-hf

Ito” Voile“ Amniotic We Minus. The entflem’otcowscaabe lockgd‘im‘or maria ?

lulu-ll! honilhmoithem. duppvmmn'uenm and when us guide Into



manna. very users-y- k’cthmflam brought on in modern barn equipmeht. Yol ,



“ thy.“ “Wfinmshowlntconflmhsed‘wuleu lam Each-sens. =



_. WEST IENDIARN SOUND!!!” 00 - m 5-. .III' 8| - V“! lend, Wis.





1 l.—):—:'.—..~vz——: /f y; {/92 ' :1” <1/z.-/.r/_>* g-r 7.44:7: 1..





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





   





 

 





 





 





r





 





International Harvester Company of America * -

' Wand)

CHICAGO . U s A. m





 





. On rural routes only at prices specified ,.





, . " News-Bee. Toledo" ........ 5.00

for ordinary stanchion. that must be opened and t , ‘





j rheMichism WWW”





   

   

   

 





 

 





Save on Newspapers





Many rural readers have bought

their daily and the Michigan Farmer

in combination at a price that saved

them money.





I





   

 

 

 

 

 

 





The Michigan Farmer---One Year

Your Favorite Daily --- One Year _





 

 

   

   

 

 

 





below in “Our Price” column. _

Regular Our





 

 

 

   

   

 





 

   

 

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





Price. Price.

Free Press, Detroit. . . . . . . .$5.00 $4.50

Journal, Detroit .......... 5.00 4.50 "

Times, Detroit ........... 4.00 3.50





Herald, Grand Rapids ..... 5.00 4.50

Press, Grand Rapids ...... 5.00 . 4.50 ,

News, Grand Rapids ...... 6.00 4.50 I '.

News-Courier, Saginaw 5.00 1.60- 1".

News—Statesman, Marshall. 4.00 - 8.25.

Journal, Flint ............ 5.00 4.59; ‘ '

Gazette, Kalamazoo . .. 5.00 4350

‘ News, Cadillac ........... 4.00 3.50;:

Enquirer, Battle Creek. . .. 5.00 4.80

Evening News, Monroe. . . . 4.00

Pioneer, Big Rapids ...... 4.00 '. > ' V,“

Blade, Toledo ............ also ‘





 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 





The above combinations give you "'

average saving of’Fifty Cents.





 





4'.





. 1’ g)

.. ,
, “I Want You to 'l‘hresh

iorMeAgainNex‘tYear”





That's always the parting call

as the Red River SpecialThresh-

erman leaves his customer's

farm. ' ‘1 want you to come back

next year. Your threshing is

clean. I can’ t find grain in the

. straw stack. 1 know that I got a

good job of threshing."





Fhullhyer

Specufl





you insure youpr future business. You

are sure of pleasing your customers-

you are sure of having a threshing out-

fit that will stand the service of long.

busy runs. It beats out the grain with

the 'Man Behind the Gun”—it has the

, _ construction that keeps the repair man

out ot a job.

Clarence Baker of eiden. 1nd

writes: "'l'hetss11

eeial beats anythimgz thg

ever saw. '1‘ ey want me to comeba

and thresh for them next season."

The ideal threshing outfit is the Red

River Special Thresher and the famous

Nichols- {Shepard Steam Engine.





Write/or Circular:





Nichols & Shepard .00,"





II Centinueee Business Since saee



Builders exclusively of Red River Spe-

9 (lie! Threshm era, Feedu-s.‘



Steam and ooh-(iii. tton Engine-‘1

m





 





 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





- 5L .

"Ree" Cluster Metal Shi les. V-Crimp. Corru-

nted, Standin Seam. Paint or Galvanized Roof-

ngs. Sidings, allboard Paints, etc. direct to you



t-Rock Bottom Factory Prices. Blositively greatest

otter ever made. We Pay the Freight.





Edwards “lien” Metal Shingles





cost less: outlast three ordinary roofs. No painti

orrepairs. Guaranteed rot, fire, rust. lightningprooi.





Free Roofing Book

Get our wonderfully

low prices and free



samples. We sell d1rect



to you and save you all

tn-hetween dealer’ a ‘





 





 





UNI PMEll ShilAGES

Lowest prices on Ready- ~Made

Fire- Proof Steel lerages Sr:



y place, Send nostril for

$11.12 eBook. showin

'flll IOWAI! ”8 . (10..





01-461 Pike St. ,flseisutul.





25 Cords a day

One Man Log Saw





$32 thong. Simple Dependable. A Fuel maker

" and work saver. (Jute any size logs intoany lengths.

Easy to move from 103 to log and from cut to cut.





()rrnuug





ENGINE LOG SAW





‘ Does the work of 10 men Makes wood sawing

easy and rofitable. When not sawing wood use





 





 





as portal) 0 engine for pumping water and on





£33»? f-x'efini OTTAWA MFG. CO.





0" 1509 1Woed Street.





 





 





 





“dFIlEE





Metylee.‘ colors

gain the famous 'iine o!

:RASIZIIR" bicycbles. shownin





1' ‘ th ”Fr

cafull eolwor in 0%” 11b all igheew freight

icago to route





es 1 evil?

371115 streamer?





the biey le you select -

i testt 11 your own town

11" month Do not





 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   





   





 

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

   





A House for Jennie Wren.





IRDS that may be induced to nest

in artificial houses are always in-

teresting neighbors to have round,

but it should be borne in mind that

their architectural requirements and

desires differ quite as much as with

the human race. A houSe that would

please a wren or tomtit would no more

please a martin or nuthatch than an

Eskimo igloo would be adapted to the

needs of the cliff'dwellers.

Woodpeckers, iitmice and nuthatch-

es are almost invariably their own ar-

chitects and builders. After one year's

occupancy they turn the domicile over

to the less capable birds, and build a

new one. However, by closely follow-

ing the plans of these master builders

the maker of artificial houses, can of-

ten induce even woodpeckers to occu-

py an artificial bird house. By follow-

ing the designs of the woodpeckcr with

some slight changes, houses may be

made that will find ready tenants in

the Chickadee, nuthatch, wren, crested

flycatcher and sparrow hawks.



Some birds are satisfied with almost

anything. Bluebirds and wrens are

content with old tomato cans or even a.

bushel basket hung up in the roof of

the barn. Houses for those which ex-

cavate their own homes, as the wood—

pecker, should have the entrance of





 





“Telephone" Pattern Bird House.





the proper size, so that the inside will

be dark and cozy. On the other hand,

some other birds, like the robin or

brown thrasher might be induced to

build in a, house if it were entirely 0p-

en on at least one side.



Wood is the best material for any

bird house, though cans may be eco-

nomically utilized in some instances.

The house will be more attractive to

some birds if no metal is shown, sothat

nail and screw heads could be sunk

and puttied over. Neutral shades of

grey or green are most suitable for

houses that are to be put in trees,

though a large box on a. pole is more

presentable if painted white. Even the

narrowest of perches at the entrance

are undesirable, although it has been

the practice to make a kind of porch

for the birds to alight upon. A small

drainage hole should be made in the

bottom where it Will be covered by the

nest, and if ventilation is considered

necessary, a. few Small holes can be

made near the eaves.





 





 





No matter What the plan of the





 





 





ByH.F.





house: the following dimensions will





be found about right for the different





occupants: For bluebirds, titmouse,

Wren, chickadee the floor space of each

room should be about four by five, with

the entrance one and a quarter inches

in -diameter, except for bluebirds,

which should be a little larger, and for

Wrens smaller. The distance above

the ground should be. six to twelve

feet, and the same sized house placed

fifteen or twenty feet from the ground

may be occupied by a nuthatch. Birds

requiringas much as six by six floor

space are the martin, woodpecker,

crested flycatcher, phoebe, finch and

barn swallow. The entrance should be

two inches in diameter, except for the

woodpecker, which should be one and

a half inches. All should be twelve to

twenty feet from the ground except

phoebe and finch, which should be

about half that distance. An import-

ant requirement is the depth of cavity

from roof to nesting floor. The small

birds Should have the nest cavity eight

to ten inches deep mostly below en-

trance, though wrens prefer it nearer

by two inches, and all such entrances

should be four to six inches above the

floor. Robins require the entire side

of the house open. Of-the larger birds,

martins, finch, phoebe and flycatcher

like a cavity six inches deep with the

entrance about the same distance

above the floor. Woodpeckers like the

cavity twelve or fifteen inches deep.



Martins usually come several pairs

together, and like their house twenty

feet or more from other buildings.

Most of the other birds do not get

along well with their own relatives,

but have little trouble with other spe-

cies, so that a wren and a bluebird or

nuthatch may be on sociable terms,

while two families of wrens will Squar-

rel among themselves. Bluebirds like

to be near the orchard, wrens, thrash~

ers and catbirds like to have shrubbery

nearby, while the titmouse, nuthatch

and woodpecker is not likely to be lur-

ed far from timber.



Pretty rustic houses may be made

for most birds by sawing a small hol-

low log into lengths of twelve to eight-

een inches, nailing a short board over

the top, which is sawed sloping, and

making a hole for the entrance on one

side. Such a log eight or ten inches

in diameter should have a. cavity of

half that size. Such houses are best

adapted for woodpeckers, nuthatch and

birds desiring a dark interior.



By varying the size and depth, the

“telephone”. pattern of bird house will

be found suitable for nearly all birds

except those desiring an open nest like





Birds and Bird Houses





' and wrens, if placed in the shade.





Gn'nrtead





the robin, and the martins, which live'

in communities of several families.

The form of house referred to, and

which is illustrated herewith, some-

what resembles a. wall telephone. The

back board is attached to a. tree, house

or pole by two nails or screws at top

and bottom. The remaining three sides

of the box as well as top- and bottom

are nailed securely together. A pair

of screw-hooks and eyes, such as are

used to fasten screen doors, hold the

box against the back during the nest—

ing season. Inwinter it can be taken





down and cleaned, and also stored





 





A Tin Can Home.





away out of the weather and safe from

occupancy by’English sparrows.



The elaborately finished martin box-

es are'not so much appreciated by the

birds as a simpler house conforming

to their ideal of a home. A modified

form of the box described above with

a double house secured to each side

of a central board would meet the re.

quirement and satisfy the social na-

ture of the martin. The most common

defect in martin houses is having the

entrance too near the ~floor, when the

birds wbuld prefer it several inches

above.



Gourds with a. small hole cut in them

are tied to poles and trees in some sec-

tions of the country. and are rarely

vacant. Small tin cans from which the

small center only has been out or melt-

ed will be appropriated by bluebirds

All

houses should be cleaned in winter and

kept closed against English sparrows



until their tenants are due to arrive

frOm the south.





The Albion Pig Club





By Paul C. famz'emiz





HE Albion Pig Club is nOted

throughout the state of Michi-

gan. It was the first pig club or-

ganized in the state. One of the boys

won the state championship medal for

the best sow and litter in 1917.

The pig club was organized by D. A.

Garfield, president of the Albion State

Bank, in the spring of 1916. Mr. Gar-





field purchased five of the best pure-‘1





bred Duroc Jersey "sow pigs in. Calhoun

county.





litters. He further agreed to have one

sow pig from each of the "two litters





registered and to give it to another"





boy who was approved by the eldb

Another provision of the contract ‘was





 





Each boy who'took one of:

thepigs signed a contract agreeing to"

keep her until she had produced 'two’





that all the pigs had to be kept pure.

As many of them as possible were to

be sold for breeding purpoises to im-

prove the stock of the community.

The pig club had regular meetings

under the supervision of Mr. Garfield

and the Albion High School Agricul-

tural Instructor, Mr. C. O. T. Scheetz.

By the fall of 1918 the pig club had

thirteen members.

succeeded. Mr. Scheetz, enlarged the

club so that it included other high

school boyswhoare working out agri-

cultural projects. It is now called "The





Albion High School Agricultural Asso-»





ciation” and includes forty boys





13de Pin",

the m





at.





The writer, who '





The folloWing story of “How I Rais~





_A





. wok“





 





‘





 





 





 





 





7 v)

._..z,
The young





his flock of .8. dozen hens.





poultryman in the above

picture, is William Roy Sargent, who;

has teen particularly successful with.’





 

 

   

 





 





 





 





1917. ,

How I Raised My Pig.





 





nary 13, 1917.





was eixtyeight days old.





The first two months I kept my pig

with another one of the same size in

the basement of my father’s ham. 1

fed them twice each day 011th follow-





ing feeds: Middlings, two





ground oats and corn, six parts; two





the Michigan State rdhampionship—'





I became a member of the Albion

Pig Club on April 15 in 1916. "My rea-

son for joining the club was that I

saw what a great interest the other

Albion JbOys were taking in it At first

I did not take up any project but in

the fall of 1916 {signed up, for a pig

that was given to me by the Albion

State Bank. ‘ 11 received the pig on Jan-

It was a pure-bred Du-

roc Jersey, dark red in color, and it

weighed twenty-two pounds when it





made;





- and safety.





Theodore, when you





   

   

   

   

   





standing the grind.





chow-flat

1:0"Mohawflfis for

use no other time. .

is worth mm;





these





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





by operating mph!“

once . on;





When you need a new

that actually represents





You will find Mohair/ks excellent tit-co on

concrete roads—better capable of With.

standing their {fictional and abrasiveaction.

in slippery weather Mohawk treads .gwe

your car a good behavior and yourself a

secure feeling, essential to your Wot





You are not going to dr'aremmmtete

roads all of the time, of course. In fact,

we have built Mohawk Tires on the as-

ammfion that their users we

weather, good road drivers.





real, you’ll find Mohawks sum capable d“





flute! thcthmrsands of owners whohave

bought Mohawk Times ourdealers’ records

8596 have become so at





Such owner canfidence





And even «to thee: has we do not claim for



Mohawk Then 3M than any other tire molar,



. ed niche oomc Wledgo and skill, might

not claim if he used our methods.



For emanate. we buy only the highest quality.



st and toughest materials the markets 0661'.





'We ofi-set this extra cost of producing aluhowko

without financial encumber-





rlc'ind—no wanted. hfimd stock.“

bonds. A reasonable return is enough, ollowmg

no 5&0 continually maintain our quality.





money if you buy a hand-mode extro ply Mohawk.

Door! We. Everywhere'Hudle Thom





not fair





tumofi‘mnbad





reasons, that they





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 





l) —m depreciation an nanom-



bibs, "one. firm moehmary.



r“ —oovol oilond file!



'- »—-oo¢oo time and money, m- o

road allows you to get to



mbetinotinn on time, wrong;





 

 

   

   

 





 





   

 





 

 

   

 

 

   

   





 





:1” ' " ”we?!” mother-afloat

tire you 'Dln buy 011% 55.,- ., 1 season ‘ tho-your. _n .. .

‘ '. -_-'.-" , reduce never spoib on m :-

more Mac {or you a} --’:‘-';"“ fatalities where themm> '

' ‘ "36‘ 3 readout!» nearest town arr-od-





rood station. Mohawk tires give *3.

an unusual mileage on any road .-

-—but tho better tho road. 11:. o

W thump. naturally. "~





 

 





 





«quarts of skim-milk. The ration by ac-

tual weight was one pound of meal and

one pound of e‘kimmilk for each pig.

By the last of February I was feeding!

two pounds of skimmilk and one and}

one-half pounds of meal.



On March 171, 1917, the sow pig-

weighed seventy-nine pounds. in Ap-

ril I put Sharia a portable :hog house

and gradually increased her ration:





 

 





‘MOHAWK RUBBER COMPANY

AKRON. 0“"0

Brunei-Curt.-





flowl’ork in”! W M hon-fl. um





 





cloth] or! you can to '

undo? 'r





 





 

 

 





 





1.1.,N Q. _., .





 





 





Her First Litter.





z .





“v





her.





““1???" ‘





 





 

 





 





 





   





 





 





On June 1. I had my sow Jared to

White Michigan Chief, a pure-bred Du-f .

roc, Jersey boar. By the thirteenth of~ ‘

June ,ehe weighed two hundred pounds; :

I! did not keep track of the feed and"

weights during the months of July and .

August but ’by the first of September’

she weighed. two hundred and fifty=



‘ponnds. 01! September 23- she had"

eightfpig’s. One of thejlittle pigs died ‘



' on the first day but I‘ raised the other '

Seyfert. I fed my sows a ration of one‘. <



. pound of middlings and one pound of‘ -

ground oats and rye, with twofigallonsr

of skim-mint. She waehot ‘sick at any: j



' time and’oy October 25 my seven pigs i

would drink from the trough.



' meow weighed mentyfiwo poundsi }

' at the age of firmnefia'yeend the :

normed two-hundred ma eighty; _

“rave [abundant the age of fires m- »

ma mdvroeven days. ' I gaw"M'efg

Wipigs monomer 1303'. I ‘





.She had made a daily gain of one and 1

one-seventh pounds a day since I got“,

‘ 1





 





\1/ n-mw‘flwrv or" w





 





 





 





 

   

   

   

 

   

 





J?





 





 

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

 

   

 

 

   

   

 





 

   

 

 





 

 

 

 





. Radium. WMiw

9‘» w. m. M ‘





 





 





The





 





 





m

_ .. , m, “hill“!

“£11m Iron mm





 

   





   

 

 





 

 

   





 

 

 





SAFEGUARD YOURSELF

BY KEEPING RECORDS





If you don’t, the tax man will figure your income tax in his own way. But

don’t keep incomplete records of your income and expenditures. It gets you





in bad with the Income Tax Collector, and may cost you money in increm-

ed taxes. “Well-kept records will not be disputed. It is easy to keep accu-





-rate records by using





The Michigan Former Account Book





This book requires no special book-keeping k ’wledge, but provides 801‘

o complete record of all transactions, such as reoermts and expenditures, h-

terest, breeding, and planting dates, complete farm inventory, and All otbr

daily information; complete wary of Income Tax Law; a'nd other onion

tint information. ' _ _



A few minutes a. day oral provide a record that will be acceptable to the

'1 To: Collector, and valuable. too. became of the interesting information it

gives you « *



It provides for a your: complete record, and is the most simple farm

accent hook termed. it is better than other systems coating M 330010

$5.09. his Wink-mm unfit-.2 collector-o.





 





 





 





 





‘ ‘ .

Michigan Former (New or Renmt) arm - W’ w j

You'need this‘hoo’k. ‘Send tar it new. n’jmu'ue m o «Mar _

.‘ your subscription Will ‘be extended. ‘ . . .

arm MICHIGAN mam Detroit, Mich-i ‘
SPRAYERS and GARDEN TOOLS





- ACCURATE SEEDING, thorough cultivation and eflicient



spraying will make your garden yield better returns and

4 larger profits. The SUREST WAY to CASH IN. on your

garden or orchard is to use Hudson Sprayers and Garden Tools.





Hudson Sprayers





, Whether your requirements are large or small,

there 18 a Hudson Sprayer to meet your needs.





 





   

 

 





No. 202—Pi11t size . . 35c

No. 4512—Quart size . 50c





The most Complete line of Sprayers manu-

factured. Write for Hudson Catalog No. 14H

and our booklet—





“Wl'len, What and How to Spray”





They are both free and will help you make money.





 





No. 110G—Galvar1~

ized Tank . . $7.50

No. 1108—8 1' a s 5

Tank . .





Hudson Garden Tools





 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





Hudson Garden Tools are furnished in any

comb1nat1on desired, either as Single-Wheel

Seeders and Drills.

or Double - Wheel

Hoes, Plows or Culti-

vators. , All attach-

ments are inter-

changeable and

may be attached or

detached as your

needs require. For

accuracy,simplicity.

easy operation, long

service and profit-

able results. buy

Hudson Garden

'.I‘ools Send iorCat-

.alog No. 14A show-





No. 201-——Complete as shown . $18.00

ing Complete line.





No. 205~Same as above. less Cultivator Attachments. 14.00

If your dealer does not carry Hudson Sprayers and Garden Tools, order d1rect from





“Never Saw





I UThe potatoes that I sprayed with Pyrox kept green

until the Ifrost killed them, without a sign of blight. I

never Saw a bug on them after using Pyrox. It is easier

to apply than any mixture I have ever used, and will not

wash ofi 1n the heaviest showers. ’.—L A.L1TTLEF1ELD,



- winner of the first prize of $200in a Maine potato grow-



ing contest. '





no u I luv on. "





“The Spray

that Adds to

Your Profit"





 





 

 





 





rues mum "mars-Ito





kills the bugs as fast as they appear, and pre-



vents blight and rot. Use it on the young



plants before bugs or blights get their start.

Why not try it? You might like it. ’



Qt this Pyron Crop Book. It tells how to pro-





tect your crops against bugs, worms and disease. . Stand

for a copy today. A postal card will bring it.





Bowker Insecticide Company





43-11} Chatham St.. Boston 1006 FidelltIy 31112.. Baltimore





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





dues. Inst 1111:





ty and germination.





 





   





Our first: effort 1.. to supply the‘ mgmmya Canes and surplus growth with less

QUALITY FIRST that skill experience and money can pro-





. DePUY’S sssos 1:1Rsr All) To Gooocnops ,





The are Northern Grown and must stand ”the most severe for“ int:





 





701111 11111111 511111 ”@1513; flit. $1.3”? ,





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   





s





Prumng Red Raspbernes





ByR. G. Kirby. . U

RED raspberry patches which were Berry growers should keep records

not pruned last fall should receive of the time spent in pruning and

care before growth starts. The old charge it to the crop. Often only the

wood should be remOved and burned cost of harvesting is deducted from

and the new canes thinned so that on- the belry returns in determining the

ly the most vigorous remain. Fall prun- profit, but it pays to charge all work to

ing has an advantage as the old canes the berry business and know for sure

may contain insect pests and fungous just what the business as worth and

diseases which should be burned im? whether it is worthy of expansion.

mediately and not allowed to live R. G. K.

through the winter. st





Sometimes a. variety like the Cuth- PREPARATION FOR THE BUG CAM-

bert is grown by the linear system and - PAIGN



the canes are allowed to remain about '



six feet in height. Wires are stretch-

ed at a height of four feet to support

the canes. If wires are not used and

the canes are not headed back, many

of them will be broken over by wind

and snow and the patch will be severe-

1y injuied. Allowing the canes to re-

main at a. height of six feet insures a

large 0101) of berries if the season is

good. In small patches, the length of

the berry season can be increased by other chewing insects will be with us

pluning the canes back to a height of in our gardens and on our farms They

twelve 01 fifteen inches. Then the must be POiSODGd and this P0180111 must

plants will grow a ]Ong shoot before be administered early. The bug killed

fruiting and while the c10p will not be eaily in the season will, if killed soon

so lalge, enough beriies will be pro- enough prevent 1tS progeny from (10'

‘duced for the home table for about mg any damage The sucking insects

three weeks longer than under other cannot as arule, be killed by the same

systems of pruning. In commercial sprays that; will devastate the ranks of

bony patches the grower desires a. the chewing insects. In order to carry

large amount of fluit during the mar- on a successful campaign against these

keting season as it keeps down the insects we must begin right now to

haivesting costs and so he will p1efer prepare for the battle. The artillery

not to cut the canes lower than four that will sprinkle death on our insect

or. five feet. foes is composed of spraying machines

In the hedge system of growing rasp‘ b.0th . large and small. The . ammuln'

berries the canes are left about eight tion 1s composed 0f the arsenlcals, DIC-

inches apart. In the hill system about otine, lime, pyrethrum, hellebore and

four of the best canes are left to each other bug~destroying materials The

bill. The pruner must of course, use artillery should be overhauled as early

his cum judgment as to the canes left.- as possible to see that it is in proper

In some hills four or five healthy canes working order. Plenty Of ammunltion

might be left. In others only three should be on hand “3 be ready for the

canes might show the vigor necessary first bug that shows itself. Order ear-

to p1 oduce an abundance of fruit. 1y your arsenatIe‘of lead and be sure to

When the hedge system is used, the have some nicotine sulphate 0.“ hand





grower cannot always leave the canes for th‘? plant 1ice._ .Many a. crop has

at exactly the same distance apart as been mined over night or in ‘l‘ few

raspberries show a tendency to select days time simply because the proper

their own spot for producing healthy insecticides were not on hand. Pre-

canes that are w01th keeping and the pare now to wage next summers bat-

grower cannot waste time in m’easur—I tle against the bugs. Get posted on

ing distances. It is best to prune heav- What to Spray and when to Sprayi 315°

‘ ily and leave the healthy canes that do on how to spray, and then when the

not crowd each other. If weak and dis- time comes go after them. .



eased canes are found, they should all D93 3‘ ,_WI_‘ELAN‘

be taken out even if it leaves several 1

feet of the row vacant. One of the

main points in growing raspberries is I _

to keep the patch from becoming dis-



eased and many growers have given up I {2113; 133%‘1-11'1333 salslzyyggrtgglg $1323:

their bérry patches because 0i the rap- rotted on the. vines, green onFe‘s and all.





idity of the spread of anthracnose, . . IE. .0

came blight and cane -borers. _, . , Experienced tomato growers recom-

A small and sharp V~shaped blade on mend the use Of' Bordeaux mixture in





a. handle about three feet long, makes

adesirable pruning tool for berries.

The worker is able to cut out the old





 





 





E know that the potato bug will



be with us next summe1 and

that the vines will have to be Spl ayed

with some poison in order to prevent

their destroying the g1 owing tops. That.

the young of the codling moth will en-

ter the apples on unsprayed trees is a

iciegone conclusion. Flea- beetles, cut-

wmms, cabbage worms and numerous





 





sPRAYs FOR.,,TOMATOES.





 





potato crop, that 11,111.; first applica-

tion when thé plants are a few inches





bending of the ba'elrI and less scratch- “'13 during this“. growing Watson P





ring than when "ordinary pruning table

are need. In small patch the long-





 





 

 





 





 





about the same manner as used for the '





high and continued at frequent inter»





This treatment : 18.1101: always sue-i
'





 





Wom





 





Interests ‘





 





 





HAT are vitamines? No one ..





‘ knows exactly, though we are

hearing a great deal about them lately,

and how necessary“ they are to perfect

health and» development. Seems queer,

that an unidentified, chemical sub-





stance of which the lay woman newer

'sheard until i. few months age should





work .such havoc to her system if she

doesn’t get it, does it not? Yet we are

told that if we do not get vitamine A,

which is a. fat soluble, in sufficient

amounts we will «have serious eye trou-

ble, and that the absence of vitamins

B, water soluble, will give us beri-beri.

The cold chills caused by this dire

threat armsomewhat mitigated, how~

ever, when we are at once assured

that Americans as a whole are pretty

safe because of their wide and varied

diets. '

Vitamines, however, we are assured

are absolutely essential to the child’s

proper development. The fat solubles

are found in butter-fat, whole milk,

cheese made of whole milk, cream, of

course, egg yolks, leafy vegetables,

and beef suet.’ The water solubles are

to be found in all whole cereals. Note

the word just before cereal “whole.”





 





Milk-Fed Kiddies





By Margaret .4. Bartlett





HY don’t you keep a cow?” ask-



ed Aunt Anne the morning after



her arrival at her .niece’s house,

as she heard the rattle of milk bottles

——five of them—on the piazza.



“I would,” gaily answered her niece,

“if only we were back in the country,

instead of. temporarily housed on a

fifty-foot city lot.”



,“But who in the world ever drinks

it all?" persisted the aunt.



As if in answer to her question, into

the room bounced the two roly-poly

youngsters, Teddy, the Iour—year-old,

and two-yearold Belle, bright and smil-

ing and ready for breakfast.



“My, don‘tt‘hese children look well 1’”-

exclaimed Aunt Anne, greeting them

with a hug and a kiss. “I ddn‘t see

whom they take after, Ruth,” turning





'to their mother. “Neither you nOr their





father has any health to boast of.

What's your secret?”

'“I want my milk," shouted Teddy.

“Milk“! " Milk!” echoed Belle. Their

mother smiled. ’ . .

“That’s the7 answer,” she , said.

no secret.” ' ' .,

“But do you mean." afimdthe Amt,

“that they drink milk in”: any quantity?





“It’s_





" I "Shflflld‘flflhk may 'were OK ~Q’Ough

“:‘t-o "eat solifljfood.” ‘ - . .v

' 331’" pt





ear. out solid: food.

hangar fly on





course





 





     





 





'Vitamines ' .





 





This means in breakfast foods and

flours which give you the whole grain.



The greatest danger comes trom the

proneness in these days of high prices

to omit the fat solubles. How many

people are eating butter substitutes

and going without milk at all, or at

best giving skim—milk? The cream con-

tains most of the vitamines and whole

milk should be given each growing

child. If [butter substitutes are fed to

children those made’of beef fat should

be used. Vegetable fats and pork fats

do not contain vitamines. Too, chil-

dren should be fed daily some sort of

leafy vegetablewlettuce, spinach, cel-

ery, endive, any of the salad verge-~

tables.



Economize all we must. But do not

economize on the children’s food for

their whole future depends upon their.

being fed correctly now. You are de-

ciding today whether your child shall

be strong. vigorous and healthy when

mature, or a physical Weakling. Do

with fewer clothes, sell the auto, and

get along without the drapes you want

for the “parlor.” But don’t cut out the





cream, fresh fruit and vegetables from

the kiddies’ billet-fare. \





chairs at the table, “your breakfast is.

ready.” ,



With a merry scramble, the childrené

Were in their chairs, and the next mo-g

ment, two little noses were concealed;

in the cups of creamy milk. Not till:

every drop was drained did they turn?

to the waiting cereal, toast and fruit?

Before they finished each had demand-f

ed and received another cup of milkW



“Well, I never!” exclaimed. Aunt An-l

ne. “Why don’t you give them part

water instead? They’d drink it just?

as easily.”_, ' ,





“Truth is, Aunt,” her niece laughed?"





“water is refreshing, but it hasn’t very;

‘mu’ch'food value. They drink plenty:

of water between meals. , At present,

they are having breakfast.”



“But how can you afford to let them

drink so much wit. milk costing what

it does here in the city?’ " 1



"Because I know how necessary it is

for the children’s well-being. ’1 know

that nothing so well provides all “the

necessary elements of growthior the

young child as milk. Therefore, I make:

it their mainstay. The cost per quart

is high, ”I know, but when breakfast

and supper consist almost entirely of

”milk—I” usuafly ma‘ke cream soup,-

creamed toast or some other such dish

not only for their supper but for our;





 





 





 





 





economy?





 

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   





Suppose that for one cent you

could . absolutely insure the quality

of your cake—wouldn’t that be real





One cent is about the difference

in the cost of a whole cake or a pan

of biscuits made with ROYAL BAK-

ING POWDER as compared with

cheaper baking powders made from

alum or phosphate—a trifle, indeed,

to insure the quality and whole—

someness of your baking. it





ROYAL , 1‘

Baking Pewder





Absolutely Pure





Made from Cream of Tartar

derived from grapes





Royal Contains No Alum—

Leayes No Bitter Taste





 





)





‘o





 





,

, .

« ll.



' ‘ 7mmtwmw:mwr=WWW-Wm“ For Ilvhflc rvz- mr'aumauuu.-xm - ‘





 





. . m,’,—. a an” Mum; nsmzonwa-w— -.«.v .





 





 





 





 





 





MICHIGAN FAR M ER PATTERNS.





 





 





Any of the patterns illustrated may

be secured by sending order to Pattern

Department, Michigan Farmer, Detroit,

enclosing the amount set opposite the

patterns wanted.





 





No. 2770—A Simple Aprim. Cut in

four sizes: small 32-34; medium .3638;

large 40-42; extra large 44—46 inches,

bust measure. Site medium requires

five yards of 36-inch material. Price

10 cents.





Nee. 2474—Ladies’ House Dress. Cut

in seven sizes, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and

46 inches bust measure. Size 38 re-

quires 61/; yards of Winch material.

Price 10 cents.





 





 





 

 





 





 





 





" . ,wfimem 731% $55?

A? i I:





' e'. I.

a.





 





own—ac few other foods are used that ’_





1





 





 





\





* pattern.





,. hour sites, 14.16, 18 and 20 years.- m





‘ 5 a ; l w as. L

' . ’ ,, fl , - :.

I . r ‘ ’ ' * ‘

V . '4 ' y i , ‘ l I,

i . ‘N 3" “, f ' ’xr

. - I; :‘ .





No. 2254—Girls’ Dress. Cut in five

sizes 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 years. Size four

requires 3%; yards of 36-inch material.

Price 10 cents.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

 

   

 





No. 2186—Infants’ Set, consisting of

a Cap, a Sack. a Night Gown and a.

Dress. Cut in one size: For thedress

of flouncing it will require 1% yards

of 36—inch material with 11,; yards of

plain material for yoke and sleeves. Of _, _-.

nainsook or lawn 36 inches wide it will ’3, 1_

require 214, yards. The gown will re- '





 





quire 21/2 yards of 24 or 27-inch mate-

The cap a half yard of 18-inch

The sack requires 'lg-yard

Price 10 cents.





rial.

material.

of 27 inch material.





 





No. 2743-2742—Ladies’ Costume. The

waist 2743 cut .in seven sizes, '34, 36.-

38, 40, 42, 44 and 46 inches bust meas-

ure. Size 38 will require 21/2 yards of

40-inch material. Skirt 2742 cut in

seven sizes, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32 and

34 inches waist measure. Size 24 will

require three yards of 44-inch material.

With plaits extended the skirt meas~~~

ures about 2% yards at the foot. Two

separate patterns 10 cents for each»,





 

   

 





 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 





No. 2754—A Stylish Frock. Catlin





18 requires 45/8 yards..-of 36-inch

rial. Width of skirt at lower om’

about 1% yards. Price in min;





oneness, ALL confine , fro:
f trates, and tells

you how to get

’$tanda1'd" Plumbing

Fixtures for the Farm

Home—the Green and Gold

' Label ,kind representing a

_ manufacturing experience

“covering 44 years.

SOOner or later you will have the

comfort and convenience of plumb-





lng fixtures and running hot and

cold water in your home.





fitandand”

Plumbing Fixtures





For the Farm Home





will give you the delights of tub and

shower without carrying water-the

labor-s saving privilege of water in

the kitchen and laundry when you

want it, with no effort except the

turning of a. faucet.



fitandar " fixtures—for Bath , Kitch-

en and Laundry—are standard in



quality, design and service.

Write today for the booklet.





Standard

Sanitary Mfg. Co.

Pittsburlh. Pa.





‘ IT describes, illus-





 





 

 





AVE Everythingf’ was the motto in

our household long before we ever

heard the word “conservation.”

Now, the “transformation Shop” turns

out new'hats from old quite as fre-

quently as suits anddresses, and each

new season brings fresh enthusiasm

and inspiration to the home milliner.





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





   

 





A—Ready for a Second Season.





Hats and trimmings are saved and

brought out 'for inspection at the be-





 

 

 

 





ginning of each new season. The dis-

play may look discouraging, but wait—~

there is a bright idea “somewhere in

the shops” and the home milliner goes

forth to capture it.



On her tour of insDection she found

many possibilities for the home milli-

ner. To begin with, the hats are made

of softer materials than they have

been for several years. Straw brims,

both wide and narrow, are crowned

with soft satin or georgette crepe made





 

 

 

 

 

 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





dud





$1.0 M31110





I

fitandar ' over buckram frames; this makes them

PHIMI’InS very light. There are entire hats of

Fixtures ‘0'" satin or silk. Some are made of rows

Bath! Toilet of narrow ribbon or bias bands caught

anal-mum” together at intervals with French





knots. A‘i'ose-c0101'ed silk hat was

seen, which was quilted all over in

diagonal squares with the same color





 





 





 





 





There’s a rich,

satisfying, old-

time flavor to ' l





The Original 3





0511111 CEREAL





that no substitute can ever equal.





A healthful drink that leaves no trace of

harm, a beverage grateful to the stomach,

that never upsets nerves. heart or digestion

as does sometimes coffee. ,





Boil just like coffee





Boil thorOughly (15 minutes after boiling



begins) make it rich and dark and you have



something that makes your meal doubly

enjoyable.





“ There’s a Reason '

At Graeme-two sizes I 5c 61 25c.





 





 





 





 





 





WOMEN’S SECTIN 





thread. The crown was very soft and

droopy, rather resembling a Chinese

lantern, with its rows of wire round

about. Many of the soft hats are sim-

ply trimmed with a small bow of nar-

row ribbon or a tiny bunch of flowers

sewed to one side of the crown.



The spring suit of gray cloth describ-

ed in a previous article called for a

new hat. The model which furnished

the desired inspiration was a broad-

brimmed shape of dark brown straw

braid. A bias band of dark green silk,

gathered into a wire circle just over

the edge of the crown, came within an

inch of reaching the brim. From the

lower edge of this band came delicate

sprays of maiden-hair fern, arranged

at intervals around the crown and ex-

tending an inch or two out onto the

brim. On the right side of the front of

the crown was a flat bunch of small





 





B—Original Hat of Navy Satin.

flowers in delicate colors The same

green silk faced the brim.



This hat—a ve1y expensive one for

all its simplicity—~supplied the idea. A

fine straw braid hat with broad brim

and low crown was blought out. Its

color was faded, but since the straw

was as good as new, the hat was treat-





which it emerged a navy blue. The

crown was cut off an inch from the

base, and put ”on again over a higher

crown of buckram from another old

hat. This raised it to the desired

height, and the buckram insert was

covered with the trimming. French

crepe, which looks like crepe-de-chene,

but is cotton and cheaper, in a soft

shade of gray, faced the brim and

bound the crown. Two small bunches

of flowers, one“ gray and one pink, sur-

rounded with foliage trimmed it. These

were purchased in the ten-cent store.

Where the model had maiden-hair fern,

this hat had vari-colored foliage and

tiny moss-rose buds found in the box

of old trimmings. (See A). The cost

of reconstructing this hat was as fol-

lows:





Half yard of crepe. . . . . . .. . . . . . .$0.50

Two bunches flowers. . . . . . . . . . 0.20

One bottle hat dye.. . 0.23





-———





Total $093

Three Hats from One. ,

Another hat,l (B), was originally of

navy-blue satin, the brim being faced

with a fine straw braid.





covered the braid; mak-

ing it wearable far into

the winter. When spring





The frame Was found to be a. firm





was repla’ced by a higher one purcha§~

ed at the dime-store. The blue silk facg





. ing was sewed on again and‘ thezzorigb L .





11111 braid facingnsed fer the :91'113





 





ed with two coats of bat dye, from’





It was purchased earlyin .

the spring. The next 811-. v

tumn a blue silk facing ‘





Worn Grown Cut Away.

came again the hat was ripped apart ~ _





buckram, well wired. The low Crown





A Period of Reconstruct10n---In Hats





new. The crown was covered first

with pink silk- muslin (found in the

piece bag) and then with blue silk voile

(originally a diess sleeve). An inch-

wide 1ibbon of rose and gold went

round the crown and was tied in a

small bow in the back. Around the

top of the crown, to cover’the seam,

Was placed a row of green rose-leaves-

Sprays of the same leaves were sewn

flat at the bane of the crown over-lap-

ping the ribbon. (Diagram ,C). , The

only expense for the completed hat

was:





Buckram frame1,.................$010

Ribbon 0.40





Total... ..’..........$0.50



The shape of this hat being very be-

coming it was decided to use the frame

again. This time the straw braid was

replaced in its original position be-

neath the brim, and the entire top cov-

ered with red crepe --de chine Awreath

of cherries and green leaves alound

the crown completes a very striking

and pretty hat, the cost'of which was:





Half. yard of crepe-de-chene. . . ..$O.75

Cherry wreath 0.10

Total $085





By an investment of $5.85 (the origi—

nal hat costing $4.50), the owner was

the proud possessor of three hats

which all of her friends thought were

new.



Soft Crowns in High Favor this

Spnng.



This year’s style of a silk crown on

a straw brim is inspiring to further ef-

forts. Last year’s hat of blue straw

was no longer fit to wear, the high

crown being picked out from much

pinning. One coat of blue dye (left





 





. c—New Crown on Hat B.



"from dyeing the hat first described),

made the narrow brim fresh again.‘The

crown was cut off two inches from the





base. (Diagram D). Bias strips, s‘ix

inches wide, were cut from the fronts

of an old blue crepe-de-chene waist, to

make the new c1 own. By lining it with

crinoline it needed no other founda-

tion and had the desired “soft” look

when finished. A silk- covered wire

sewn in the seam which joins the oval

top the sides of the crown insures its

staying in shape. A narrow gros-gra’in

ribbon around the crown

completes this pretty lit-

tle street hat, (Diagram

E), which cost nothing

\0 but the labor, as the ma-

terials were already in

the house.

You never

, know





 

 





 

 





 

 





 

 





" AW) “a: L, , A





What

1 13011 have 1111 g

' the house 1111- .
mgr,»





as





2%





4W: . ‘





can: ",mbigiayfiglggq





at},





. v New.» '

O





' ”a;





‘Mmén' ijafi ‘- ‘i .





u.- uwtvmw





 

   

   

     

 

 





 





' fals in h





-' gether. ahdggetung





 

 





~- emf 5usdbheap inate'ri‘r.’

ate”: Close examination-of higlp

priced'hats oftenrev'eals cheap mate-

rials. It is’che‘ “art or putting them to-



“;the f‘efl’e‘et” Which ,

makes the selling price'so high. Any

woman who is handy with her needle

can learn to make her own hats. With

patience and practice, close observa-4

tion of details and .,_a knowledge of the:

prevailing‘stylegshe can turn out sty- ..





lish and becoming hats. .





 





 





MILK-FED KIDDIES.



' (Continued from page 553).

the cost is greatly reduced. Practical~ .

ly all cakes, crackers and cookies,

which altogether too many children ,

make a. practice of filling upon, are

excluded entirely. If a lunch is ”re-

quired between meals a slice of bread

and a glass of milk suits them, admin1

ably, while

place of pie at dinner and a glass of

milk reduces the quantity of meat con-

Sumed." ‘ ' . r



“But I fail to understand,” contin-

ued Aunt Anne, “how you get them to

take it so well. 'MoSt of the children

I‘ve seen detest milk after they are a

year or so old, even children living on

dairy farms.” , ,



“Yes, I know,” replied her niece,

“but it’s the mother, not the children,

who is to blame. Weaning time to

most women means jumping ' from

babyhood to manhood, skipping by

childhood‘altogether, so far as diet is

concerned. As soon as baby begins to

take solid food, the mother decreases

the milk supply. She lets him have

tastes of all the victuals the grown-ups

have, and his stomach gets too full for

milk. Yet allhe has eaten is not half

so beneficial as a much Smaller quan—

tity, supplemented by a glass or so of

milk. , . '



“Of course, if a child really dislikes

milk it may be necessary to do a little

coaxing, but a little ingenuity and pa-

tience will usually have the desired ef-

fect. Let the mother make cocoa or

cereal coffee entirely of milk, using

only sufficient boiling water to dissolve

the powder, and offer it to the child in

winter. in summer, a bit of sugar or

syrup with a few drops of flavoring,

added to the milk and the concoction

termed ‘liquid ice-cream’ may go down

when milk alone wouldn’t.



“One mother Lknew used to’ paste

a pretty picture on the bottom of a

tumbler, then fill the glass with milk.

Her little girl gladly drank the milk in

order to see the new picture. Another

mother induced her children to drink

milk by using pretty, odd-shaped tumb-

lers and cups, while still another kept

on hand a supply of small hard candies





 





one of which she dropped into each '





glass. You can readily believe the

children never refused to drink the

milk when the last swallow meant a

piece of candy. '



“After all, it rests with the mother

entirely whether or not the children

drink milk and grow strong, rosy and

healthy,” with a look of pride toward

pink-checked, chubby Teddy and Belle.

“If she understands how vitally import-

ant milk is' to her'children’s health,

and realizes that a dollar spent on milk

for them could be invested in no better

way, she will teach them to drink milk

and they’ll never acquire a distaste for

it and think it just for babies.



“You are right about‘our children

not, having especially healthy parents

to take after, but we are bringing

them up right, and, Aunt Anne, do'you.

‘know‘ any healthier children than

these?” . , , ‘ »



“Indeed I don’t. I always said how

lucky you were to have such (healthy



. children. Now I know. it‘wasl‘tuhck',

«but good care and milk."





 





 

 

 





milk desserts take the}





 





After a strenuous day’sgwork it is with delight we sit down to a bountiful meal. ..





 





 





"To'Eat ‘





.And we start right in to satisfy the inner man.





The good wife has not ayerlooked anything in her endeavor to appease the





appetite. ~





» She has learned long since that the most direct route to her husband’s heart is

The men are all alike in this respect.





We only live in this old





through his stomach.





And why shouldn‘t we have good things to eat?

best way to get the most out of life is to enjoy it every





world once and the

day as we go along.





Don’t wait until tomorrow to begin using





Lil Whit  

“The flour the best cooks use" ' '





For every day you are without it you are missing something.

Your bread will be more delicious, lighter and whiter if baked from LILY WHITE'





. Your bakings will be more uniformly excellent.





LILY WHITE is more than just flour.

wheat carefully and scientifically milled into the very best flour it is possible





to produce.





The way to have better bread, biscuits and pastry is to use letter flour, and the

way to have better flour is to buy LILY WHITE “The flour the best cooks use.” '





. will be cheerfully refunded if you do not like LILY WHITE

FLOUR as well or BETTER than any flour you have ever used.





Your money





VALLEY CITY MILLING COMPANY





 





No. 2613—Here is a popular suit for

your small boy. Cut in four sizes, 2

3, 4 and 5 years. Size 4 requires 3%





 





yards of 27-inch material. Price 10

cents.



No. 2744—Child’s Dress. Cut in four

sizes, 2, 4, 6 and 8 years. Size four





will require 21/2 yards of 40—inch mate-





rial. Price 10 cents.





   





\ ,

No, 2755—Chlld’s Dress. Cut in four

sizes, 2, 3.,4 and 5 years. Size four will

require 31,4 yards.01 27-inch material.

Price 10 cents. '

No.. 2769—Child’s Romper. Cut in

four sizes. 1, 2. 3 and 4 ‘years. '. Size

four requires three _ yards of 36-inch





, material. Price 10 cents.





lo. 'WDre. for rMisaes’ :and





SMI Women.- ‘Cut in three sweetie,

» '18. and fi_ ears. .Slze “requires five

' of. ,einchlmaterlal. {width of

_e. I “ r





 

 





M“ m is that!"





.’;. g 'x. I,





 

 

 





 





 





,.nm-, ,





It is the best





GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN





No. 2781—Ladies’ Dress. Cut in ‘sev-

en sizes. 34, 36,38, 40, 42 44 and 46

inches bust measure. Size 38 will re-

quire 4% yards of 36-inch material for

the dress and 1% yards for the jumper.

The skirt measures about 1% yards

at the foot. Price 10 cents.





 

 





 





No. 2791—Girls’ Dress. Cut in four

sizes, 6, 8, 10 and 12 years. Size 12





' requires 3% yards of 36einch material.





Price 10 cents.





 





’





No. 2771—41148? Dress. Cut in four

sizes, 6,.8, 10am! 12years. Size 10

requires 3% yards “36-inch material

forthe dress, and 1%. yardsfor the





mime-





 

   





 





7 .\».





part of the choicest





7 «games; material. 12





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

 





 





   





Cut in four

Size 10





No. 2747—Girl’s Dress.

sizes, 6, 8, 10 and 12 years.

will require 31/; yards of 44—inch mate:





rial. Price 10 cents.





No. 2741—Girls' Dress. Cut in font“

sizes, 6, 8, 10 and 12 years. Size 10

will require 4% yards of 36—inch mate-

rial. Price 10 cents.





 





 





 





No. 2776—Child’s Dress. Cut in Your 7

sizes, 2, 4, 6 and 8 years. Size since:

quires 2% yards of 27-inch material; :5

Price lO-cents. ‘



No. 2789—Child’s Set ‘ of am

Clothes. Cut in five sizes: Six new

1, 2, 3 and 4 years. Size on) willie-

quire for drawers, one yard, for mu

coat 1% yards, for 55, .
$200





, recently said to a group of bankers: “My

judgment is that every acre of land east of the



, Mississippi, that is arable, will commandv$200 '

an acre within ten years.” *As the price of

land goes up, bigger crops are necessary if the

land is to yield the same or larger profits.

This is why you should use _ ' '





for they contain the essential available plant foods propm

erly proportioned, scientifically compounded, and ready

for immediate application when needed. The name of

The American Agricultural Chemical Co. is a synonym

for service as Well as quality. Our Agricultural Service

Bureau, 92 State Street, Boston, Mass., will gladly aid you

and any one of our many sales departments, located in

different parts of the country, will give you

genuine A. A. C. service. Write today. A

postal card will do.

How to Make Money with Fertilizers

is the title of a 56

where profit is to be found, and how to get it.

from other fertilizer books and is not a catalogue.





our offices named below will send it to you free.

mention this paper and ask for the book.





American Agricultural Chemical C





   

   





 

 





   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





ATLANTA Cmcmsun‘l Dru orr . le You

Bos’roN CLIVELAND JACKIONVILLI Pultannunu

BALTIMOII cnaausrou Los ANGILII S'r. Louxs

BUFFALO CowMIIA Mom‘aomsr SAVANNAH. 31c.





Agents Wanted in Unoccued Te_rtory





Do You Have Called Horses in

the Stable when Needed in the Field





A heavy leather collar rubbing against tender, sweaty

shoulders is very apt to cause galls. Do away with sore

shoulders by using Lankford Collars. They not only pre-

vent but actually heal galls while. the horse works. More

-than a million a year now used in place of leather.





 





   





‘ Made of soft, oily, springy cottonfiber.’ _Does not

hold: heat. Absorbs sweat and impurities-keeps

shoulders dry and cool. The closely woven army





duels covering is like a surgical bandage._ pen

. at the throat—moves With shoulder mus-





cles, instead of chafing and raspmg 1-,

against them. Easy to put on. Will not.

ack or harden. Cannot sweeney. Often

l’asts three or more seasons. A collar

and pad combined.

Every Collar Guaranteed »

Every collar is sold upon the

guarantee that gelled horses get

well while working in Lankfords.

If your dealer cannot-supply you,

send us $2.50 (state Size wanted),





 





 

 

     

 

 

 

 

 

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





 

 





Price

$2.50.

Note the





 

 





 





Open and we will. send you a collar,

Thrnt charges prepai . (8-2c

1; THE POWERS MIG. 00.,



Box 13% "Waterloo. 10.





 

 





One, of the country‘s ablest land experts - I,





A- A- C- Fertilizers} ; *





page book containing information every

farmer needs in relation to the proper use of fertilizers; it shows

It is diflerent

Any one of

Simply





 

   

 

   

 

 

 

   

   

 





 





 

 

 





ciety? If not what moral right has the ing on the west side. of. and directly .

township, county or: state: to send an abutting on this same street and lying

increased tax bill, having rendered no directly Opposite the. first mentioned

service for the farmer? The building subdivision; but this last: Subdivision

of the barn was a service rendered to was placed upon the market restricted

the farmer by himself; he géts nothing as to dwelling places only, all homes

more from the county or the state than to be put a certain number of feet from

before he builUt, and any tax collect- the street, must be at least two stories

ed thereon is :plain stealing by due in height and to cost not less than

process of law." This is a hard accu- from $5,000 to $15,000 according to lo-

sation to make against our fair state. cation in the subdivision. This, of

Let us see. When Mr. Brown built his course, eliminated all stores. flats, and

large barn, he did it so that he could any‘and all undesirable buildings, and

raise more crops and care for them, lots in this subdivision are now worth

- and to enable him to keep more stock, from $2,500 to $9,000. Both subdivision .,

I andas soon as his barn was built it receive exactly the same “social ser-

. becamea liability to the town, county vice," so-called by Mr. G. Now we ask

‘ ' and state, as it demanded, and receiv- him .to tell us, which ' subdivision“ he

, a ed if needed, additional protection from will use as a standard of values, When

, ' every official and court, from the jus- assessing land values for taxation.

tice courts in the township, to the cir— Lots intthe first subdivision have all

, cuit court of the county, and on to the the social service possible. If he used

'1 - Supreme Court of the state, and not their value, he would materially reduce

only protection for the building itself, land values in Detroit from amounts

but for the crops and stock, he needs at Which they are now assessed. Should

better roads, safer bridges, better he decide to use values in the second

drainage, better schools and state, mentioned subdivision, he would prac-

county and township institutions, that tically , paralyze conditions in many

his children and his neighbor’s chil- parts of the city, as the owners could

dren should become good intelligent, not pay their taxes and live.

law-abiding citizens, so that his barns NOW I want to differ from MI‘. Gage,

and stock may be safe and that he can for 1 Claim that it is not “social ser—

easilir and safely market his stock and vice” that is reflected in land values,

produce and he should be wining to but rather that it is “man values or la-

pay his share for this additional pro- bor values,” as'Mr. G. calls it, that is

tection, and it is additional protection. reflected in land values; and 1,.think

And this is just what he does when he that is true, bOth in the country and

pays the additional tax assessed him in the CitY- A lot on an unrestricted

because of the new barn, as the tax is StI‘GEt has all the “social service"

divided proportionately between the that a lot in the most highly restricted

different divisions shown on the tax street has, bUt no one would for a mo-

receipt, and should never be thought ment contend that its value was as

of, or referred to as a “steal by due great as the restricted lbt. So far I

process of law." have been speaking of residence lots

He next refers to his neighbor who only, as the reverse is true for what is





built a henhouse large enough to house termed busmess IOtB'





five hundred laying hens. He intimates s N? vacant ,IIOt has all” use for social

that his neighbor built it simply to ervxce. i“ 1“ 9 many iomes use 500131





help feed the nation eggs and meat. I service to a very small degree; and an

imagine he built it thinking that the apartment or an institution in the same





chicken and egg business would be a block may use socxal service to avery





profitable addition to his farm. Well, Lfiz‘diife' .15 tit] Earl" to :1}: the

his assessment was raised so that he I 0 e vacan 9 ’ 01 sm“ ome,





was obliged to pay a tax on the build- to pay the same tax as the owner who





 





 





 





 





 





   

   

   

 

   

   

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 





 

 





ing and hens of $10 for protection; he :flfjurfftS? :81.) lthousandth‘timjs 1319'

evidently needed protection, for‘athief . S cm servxce ey of 0’

and it can never be done; so 1n the





broke in and stole some chickens. He

received protection, for the thief was

caught and the catching and fining of ,

the thief will probably protect , his‘

chickens and eggs for the balance of

the year. I think the neighbor would

be glad to pay the $10, and the thief

now appreciates the fact that the

courts and officials do protect the hen

house, and probably he'is the only

man, besides M17. G., who is kicking on

the $10 raise in taxation.





Again, Mr. Gage tells us that “all





city we ask a man to pay for the social

service he gets, so that electric lights,

'Water, gas, etc., are metered and you

pay for what you use, and in addition

to the general taxes. You also pay for

your own sidewalks, paving and sew-

e‘rs. If a man wants to burn a lamp in—

stead of electricity, he does so and

pays nothing for electricity; if he

wants to drive a well on his lot he can

do so, and get better water and cut

out the expense of the water tax, and

‘ often he could do this more cheaply.

social service, such as water, sewers, If he wants to build a toilet on the al-

light, police and fire protection, side- ley instead of bringing in the sewer on

walks, street paving, cleaning, etc” are his lot, he may do so; likewise on the

reflected in the value of the land, but farm, a farmer may have his own light—

not. in the value of the. buildings, or in {mg plant, sewer to cesspool, gravel

any 0f the improvements of the prem— road, etc., by paying for them, and in

ises. Of course, in above statements, my judgment they reflect in land val-

he must refer to landin the city, as his ues in the country the same as in

line of reasoning here again is exactly the city.



opposite to his reasoning for land Vfil' Mr. Gage says: “You cannot tax the

“ ues in the country. NOW let 118 see if wealthy person by taxing wealth.” I

he is correct in his. reasoning for city ask, why? . Then he fonows with,

values. ’ A few years ago in the north “again, we should not tax men simply

end of Detroit, a subdivision was put because they are wealthy. Again ‘I





 





 





 





 





you cm 0





 

   

   

   

 

   





. ' Tlme

I . ‘ T’A few counties open for resident farmers. as exclu-

sive sellin representatives for high-grade line of Star-

, O-line B ding Products. Liberal arrangements for

n who are well known in their locality and enjoy

N ital invest-





e confidence of their neighbors. 0 cap

7 .nt, required.





   





 





Write for full particulars. Address

~ . ,' Bundle. supply Department ss-Ioo



‘. - ‘ While Star Refining Co. Detroit. MI. .



. _, lemurs Extra-Quality later Oil and Star-Odin. Prod





 





LEARN AUCTIONEERING mm“... m





 





 

 





 





"9 Wm" dissimilar Amritsar: Hal-1mg”. ”a“ ..





s Insulator

ruonousnrls





but you can clean themed promptly with





A B S O R B l N E

TRAOE MARK Rtin'clofidl' UH



and "you work the horse same time.

. , Does, not wblister or remote the

“4 . hair. . $2.50 per bottle, delivered.

Will tell you more it on write.

' {ENE IL“.





was





tennis son name are‘ tsetse oo' “become - , .

i “dhflli‘ no €ap%tl:nvestedio fil‘mo‘ifii‘dni' the antiseptic liniment. for

NA'r'i. .gfiooi. or-"dli‘hcfigifinmuof reduces Varicose Vein!- -

38. comment). a., Chicago. “LC-ray 1.30m. me. unless: 1.13;?!“ unkind .

‘ ' ' 2 one an»- {am an: r ‘

as W onward. missile”. khk‘; _





 

 





on the .market Without restrictions: ask, why ?” The wealthy man has

that is, a. man could buy a lot and build more to protect, as a rule uses much

on it, a house that would cost $500 more social service than the poor man,

only, or he could build a house that why should he not pay a larger tax, re-

would cost $20,000; he could build a gardless of whether his wealth is in

store, a flat, or barn- on it. This sub- land values or'in labor or man values,

division lies on the east side and di- or in cold‘cash. “I say he should. Mr.

rectly’abutting ona certain street with G. says! “A man should pay for what

car line. This subdivision now has sew- he gets, not for'what he has.” This

ers, paved streets, walks, city:Water, statement is subject to' several inter-





 

 





eleetric lights, gas, police :and- fire .pro- pretations. , , 4



tection, etc., and lots are" worth from A little further on Mr. Gage refers ,

$500 to ‘51,000. . About the" time‘tthls to a Mr. Wendell, whit Monti)? died, ' -

subdivision wasfcpeiiedifanether sub-pig, ' ‘Weveds ‘to ~ flier" , we.

,,di'V,iBl°n W3? P13 Ed .011; (-15.16 atkstsiy'v‘ i ' \





 





 

 

 

 





 

 





   

 

 





 

 

   

 





 

 

 





 





 





a;
’ 7x .‘





 

   

   

 





 





   

   

 





' present





- the arm of





systen at taxation: and if i '

understand his reasoning, he consider5

both Mr. Wendell and the State of

Michigan as , thieves and renegades,

having lived and living on lll~gotten

gains and robbing Peter to pay Paul.

We will not stop to discuss his state-

ments. From all his arguments I draw

but this one conclusion, that is this:

that while he does not intend or ask

that the sum total of all the taxes in

the state, counties and townships be

reduced, he does ask by a change of

tax system, to take a large part of the

tax now paid by rural districts and add

it to the taxes now paid by cities and

incorporated villages.



Please remember that my heaviesti

interests are farm interests, that I pay

my largest taxes on farm property,

and if the single tax will lower my tax-

es, i will certainly be interested, but I

have not gotten to where i want some-

one else to pay my taxes for me. Study

your tax receipts—they are interest

ing. Mine were. I find that the state

and county taxes are the only taxes

that are spread alike on both cities and

incorporated towns and rural c minu—

nities. That all other taxes are local,

and depend upon local conditions; to

illustrate: in Detroit we pay taxes

twice each year. In July of each year

we pay our city tax, which is a local

tax and paid entirely by those living

within the city limits, none being paid

by those living in rural communities.

and remember, this city tax does not

pay for sewers, paving or sidewalks. as

these are all paid in a special tax as-

sessment against property directly



benefited; neither does it pay for elec-

tric lights, water or gas, but the city

tax does pay for other things that we

call social service. We receive them

and we pay for them. Then in Decem~

ber of each year we pay our state and

county taxes, the same as do those in

the country, because the benefits for

which the state and county taxes pay

are received by both. I am sure that

Mr. Gage will agree that this is correct.

Now in the country we pay taxes once

a year—in December, at which time

we pay our state and county tax and.

our local tax, such as town, road re-1

pair, school and one mill, highway im-

provement, county road, bridge, weed

and ditch tax, which all will agree are

local taxes assessed for the benefit of

that particular town or community and

constitute “social service” for us in

that community. And we would have

no more right to ask the city to pay

them for us than the city would have

the right to ask us to pay their city tax

for them. Is this correct reasoning?

In going carefully over the five re

ceipts submitted above, I find the aver-

age rate for the combined state and

county tax in the five localities is

.00445; while the average rate for

the combined local taxes in the same

five localities is .01611. Then the pro-

portion of state and county tax to lo-

cal tax is as .00445 is to .01611, reduc-

ed to dollars and cents means as $.445

is to $1.611, which means that in every

$2.056, that we pay in taxes, only $.445

is paid for state and county tax, and

as the'state and county taxes are the

only taxes that are spread alike on

both city and rural communities, that

is the only part of our taxes that would

be affected in a change to the single

tax system, or considerably less than

one-fourth. A glance at your own tax

receipts will prove this statement; in

fact, in some cases the state and coun-

ty taxes are less than one-fifth of the

total tax. I think that Mr. Gage will

agree that so far as city and local tax-

es are concerned they will always

have to be left in the hands of the dif-

ferent cities and communities for regu-

lation as the wants and needs of same

would seem to require.

(Concluded next week).





 





 





Plenty of water and salt are of great

instimuiating the action of

digestion, and arenas





 





 





 





 





   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





Tire users know that the friction of the

road inevitably wears out any casing

after it has gone a certain number of

miles. Hence the expression “Tire

Mileage. "





Many users, therefore, fall into the

habit of assuming that mileage is also the

measure of the service of their inner

tubes.



This is an expensive mistake.





To be sure, inner tubes have to be replaced

every so often. But- the mileage, except in cases

of abuse, has little to do with their wearing out.





Those who care to take the trouble can easily

prove this. The next time you put a new tube on

your cor, put another new tube of the same make

in a box where it will get no wear whatever.

You will find that both of these tubes will stay in

good condition about the same length of time.





 





from fertilizer on tiled land. The





soil is more porous and not sur- ewes.

. lected one beautiful Smpehlre ewe. she will lambm

hoe-W‘s‘md' "“1 the (”hum the course of the next month; she is worth at 19‘





works into the soil.





Howdoyou 6110058 7316135? ‘ 





In other words, what usually wears out a tube ;

is not the 'frictlon of the road or the expansion

and contraction, but the deteriorating effects of

time.



Practically all well-known tubes now on the

market are made of good enough rubber and have ,

sufficient tensile strength to stand all the strain '

they are likely to get.



What you want to look for in choosing a tube

are those qualities which will make it resist, as

long as possible, the deterioration that comes

with time.





For twelve years the Empire Rubber 6: Tire

Company of Trenton, New Jersey, have con-

trolled an exclusive process for making Empire

Red Tubes, by means of which longer life is im- ;

parted to the tubes than rubber itself ordinarily

possesses.



Every now and then we hear of one of the first

Empire Red Tubes, made ten or twelve years ago,

still in use.





In all these years no change has been

made in the Empire process, because no

improvement has been necessary. In all

these years Empire Red Tubes have been

proving that they last as long as the

average car itself.





If you want to cut your tube replace~

ments to a minimum, start your nextcar

with a complete equipment of Empire

Red Tubes.





Tic. Waning, W





“I SHEEP





, . .._._-..<





 





MORE to the Kids of Mich: I have sold all tho

ewes that I Care to sell,but judging from

x the many inquiries I have received there are many of

you kids who still want to get started in re "WM

{Vow members is a new proposition: I veno-





.00. I will give this ewe. absolutely free. to the hay

orgirl who res main my opinion,the best reasons wt:

they shoal be_the one to get her. I may give am





American Vitrified Salt-Glazed Tile





is best for your land because it is frost and

acid proof. and will not crumble in the soil.





Write for Folder

American Sewer Pipe' Co.





MICHIGAN BRANCH

Jackson, Michigan





more than one.

S. L. WING. -LKope-Kon Fanny. Ooldwater. Mich.





.SHROPSHIRE SHEEP . ‘





We have about 50 ewes in lamb for sale. of best

breed





ins. tered

. HWY 11. BAIEB. Seedsman.

' 10am E. Ottawa 81’... Lamina, Kick.





 

 

 

 

 

 





 





200 St. James Street





 





 

 

 





 





BUY ASHEEP





 





TILE





request. Address





Immediate or future shipments any quan-

tity highest quality. Prices will not come

down, so get in your order now and save

money. Quotations made immediately on 80 Breediig Ewes clon will m. man-u





Illa“ L. IllLIElT, maca-

mmu, memo:





 

 

 

 

 

 





Wait a minutiabuv Hampshires. The American Han

shire Sheep Association wants to send you a dandy ll:

tie booklet Wlih list of Bro on. me near you.

Write COMFORT A. TYLER, Secretary. 21: Wood-

land Ave, Detroit. Mich.





 





2 years old in mndi— :'





must be sold this month. . 4;.

ALMOND B. CHAPMAN. &). Rockwood. Mich. ‘ ‘





 





Bred Reg. h . M‘

For sabdn'ice also fm'ifmgl” at ‘

. I“. MOUSER. . 6. Ithaca. Mich.





 





 





bal’





 





 





impurities of the animal’sus‘ys:





,, ‘(





 





 





     





 





Horse Sickness





When uneliwed horses got overheated 041nm

spring days their long. sweat coats of hau- cl

the pores and prevent them rom throwing o

perspiration. This often causes colchmneumonis

asthma and similar troubles. Themy off quickly .

keep well and do housework w clipped with

a Stewart No. I Romaine—00.7





nodal”. rate so and cook-tho... out»... at. Incest. m.





5. 80nd 02—Day





 





on rival. Write for natal I





   





l.





     





DICKEY GLAZED

TILE SILOS





“ The Fruit Jar of the Field”





SPECIAL OFFER to

those who write now.

W. 8. non! CLAY In}. (:0.

latencfiiiy. Io.





hire Sheep mg





ABUBT ONG BROS. B 3





 





When writing to advertisers

please \mention the" Michigan H

Farmer. '





 





 

 





 





chalianun. Inn.





 

 





I
Invites you to:





WATERLOO





Good morning! How are you 'I I am mighty

glad to say Hello." Isn't it great that the

war leover and the boys are coming back 7 Over a

hundred of them from m factories answered the

cell. Our factories too he ' d the cause b making

tractors for England. ith all this andioap

of labor shortage and materials hard to get. we

never closed our great factories at Waterloo for a

single day. Now that the boys are back (I take of!

In!





I





at to every one of them) and with plenty of

od materials easy to get. the great Galloway

Eateries are speeding upfworking over-time—to

take care of the approaching wave of prosperity.

With better facilities and our years of experience

,we are now in a position to turn out more and

geater Galloway implements than ever before.

at on a train and come to Waterloo. now or some

time this Spring. Be my guest while in the city.

Go throu h our tour great factories. See how we

make the i h quality; Galloway En ines. Separa-

tors. Spree era and rectors at snc low prices.

Let me show lyou and convxnce you that this year

Gallowa wil divide the largest and juiciest melon

he ever (I. (Signed) Wm. Galloway.





S’OLVED!





We have solved the hard problem of higllli coat of

labor and materials. How 7 Just the at or day I

called in in three factory superintendents and

put the pro lem uarel up to them. Wit out

excegtion they sai , “Ga loway, the only way to

out t 9 cost and reduce the price is to make a long,

steady factor run on one single site Be arator.

Engine. and snare Spreader. ' I then tick the

site best suited to the average farmer and now I

am going to make a specialrbig-quantity. factory-

rnn. low- price ofler.





Q Special Sale ‘

15,000—750 lb. Size -'

SEPARAIORS '/





This special factory-run. low-price “

Is the same for one or If $011 ‘

bought the whole 15.000. 119

low price is based on. a 1 .000

run. The 750 lb. sirens the best

fl] around slus—ounbiggest seller.

as all onrlatest 1919 improvements.

Shims close. Eu to run and clean.

Every drop of milk gets full skun-

ming force of the bowl. Sold 0-

180 using tests too





 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 





 

 

 

 





 

 





   

 





v





.. spasm snr





‘, 2,000—Msstsrpiscs'l





ENGINES





Remember. the low

rice 701i this Master-





 





 

 





shade the price one



based on the big wholesale quantlt of 10.000. Our



new Masterpiece 7 gives 7 actual one ower for



the price of 6. Portable or stationary. ig bore,



{:3 stroke. heavyweight, Every part standard-

and interchanges le.





SPECIAL SALE 10,000—No. e

' L0 0 00-70 bu.

readers " °"" ‘—





 





 





 





Spscisl Sale Folder





Free and no me look





Write Galloway tonight. Find out the special



Mg- uantity, factory-run. low-price on the one



“Se rater.'Engine. and Spreader. Over 800.-



satflhed Galloway customers—some near you



, -testity to high quality of



' Galloway goods. ear-to-you



7 " “r , tgirliiip mg piointe ,save you

c





{f ,. mention implement interested In.





 





187 Isllowsy canon

t. WATERLOO IOWA





G -R-E-E





I - riceand t ewrltten desc ption of exceptionally

coated traits of clever la'n in Marinette County.





 





 

 

   

   





 





 

 

 





 





 

 

 

 





 





   

   

   





- be sure t state what homage 'ou might want .

or u (in he





 





:. ve an roperty t is would have

“K” ’6“ “NPR-“”22.“ this 2332:“





OMB days ago I heard a farmer

make a remark relative to the at-

,tempt of the teacher in his school

district to give instruction in agricul-

ture as is required by the State Course

of Study. What he said was something

liké this: “What does that eighteen-

year-old girl know about farming?

Here I have lived on this farm for

lliirty years and always ~made a good

living, and now this slip of ‘a girl sets

my boy against me by talking about

crop rotation and acid soil and a lot of

other things she don't know anything

about; nonsense, what's the school

coming to anyway?” By the way, it

might be well to add that this same

farmer has two boys in Kalamazoo

working in a paper mill and that he

finds it hard to take care of this two-

hundred-acre farm with hired help.

Now this attitude towards agricultural

instruction is characteristic of a good

1y number of my farmer friends; in

fact, one school board met last year

and had it spread upon the minutes of

that meeting' that agriculture was

dropped from that school for. all time.

This feeling, of course, results from

the impression that, the teacher is not

well enough informed to do anything

with the subject, that the boys and

girls will get agricultural instruction

at home and that they send their chil-

dren to school to learn something else.



Of course, there is no use in deny-

ing the fact that the average teacher

is not well informed on this subject,

she really knows too little about it,

but we still believe that something

really valuable is being accomplished.

One reason in the past that the farm

has not held the boy is that the occu

pation of farming has not been digni-

fied; we have not recognized it as a

profession. , It has been regarded as a

sort of left-over occupation that the

individual unable to fit himself into

any other vocation might fall back up-

on as a last resort. The very fact that

agriculture is given a place in our

course of study is encouraging for it is

a recognition of its importance as a.

profession, and this very thing will

cause some boys to decide for the

farm who otherwise might feel the call

of the city. And then some things are

really accomplished in the way of in-

struction. A short time ago I called

upon a farmer one evening and found

him reading an elementary book in ag-

riculture used by his boy in the eighth

grade of the rural school. This man

was interested in a. chaper on soils and

he said to me, “do you suppose that

my soil needs lime? It is high and

well drained by nature and I have nev-

er thought it was sour, but I have lost

my seeding for the past two years. By

jingo, I am going to try a little lime

with my next seeding.”



The rural school will never be able

to do as much with agriculture as some

of the most enthusiastic of us would

desire for we will never have specially

prepared teachers until we can consoli~

date into larger school units, but with

the system as it is we believe that the

instruction, as elementary as it has

been, is justifying its place; and if this

eighteen-year-old girl in addition to go-

ing over the subject matter of the book

and emphasizing the Work on soil fer-





 





f

.. 3Q ari‘netteJWhoonsln.





a





 

 





 





Agriculture and the Rural" School





By E. V. Root





some form of “Club” activity; if she

can promote during the summer vaca-

tion some real problems in the labora-

tory of nature, where the pupil may

work for himself and receive a reward

in proportion to the effort both physi-

cal and mental put forth—if she can

do this, she is not only doing the boys

and girls of the community a great fa-'

vor but she is accomplishing more in

the way of agricultural stimulation

than any other agency in the commu-

nity. Real successful farming is large-

ly a matter of interest in one’s chosen

calling; an absorbing interest which

leads to experimentation and study,

and club work is the natural school for

the successful farmer of the future.

Agriculture in the rural school recog-

nizes the fact that the tilling of the





soil is a real profession and we believe

that some valuable information is be-

ing furnished through the schools. We

recognize in club work which is a nat-

ural part of the School Course in Agri-

culture, a great school for better farm-

ing methods.



Now, of course, we do not think it is

the sole function of the rural school to

make farmers, but we do think that it

should cease to “unmake” them, and to

this end we believe that in every rural

school we should have a teacher, pre-

ferably country born, but at least one

who likes country life and loves coun-

try boys and country girls and sees in

them the hope of our democracy; one

who is a thorough student of rural

problems, and who believes that she

has the biggest job on earth.





The Oat Crop





(Continued from page 529) .





The high price of clover and timothy

seed and the practice of seeding these

crops with cats has resulted in ques-

tioning the common practice of sowing

three bushels per acre, due primarily

to the grass and clover being killed out

when the oats are harvested or else

the failure to retain a satisfactory

stand. The complaint that is often

heard is: “I had a. good stand of clo-

ver and timothy in my cats during the

early part of the season, but as soon

as they began to head it seemed to die

out and by fall there was not half a.

stand left.’.’ This condition has induc.

ed many farmers to try a lighter rate

of seeding, varying from six peeks to

two bushels per acre, and contrary to

their expectations in many cases the

result has been a heavier yield of oats

and a decided advantage in the stand

of clover and timothy.



Amount of Seed Per Acre.



Although the general tendency is

toward a lighter seeding it does not

follow that farmers are content to sew

the same quantity of seeds as they for-

merly did. On the contrary, where the

rate of seeding has been diminished

the quality of the grain used for seed

has been improved in even greater pro-

portions than the rate has been less-

ened. Where formerly seed just as it

came from the' bin was used, now the

cats are cleaned and graded, only the

largest and plumpest being used for

seed, these also being treated for smut

to prevent any possible loss in this di-

rection.

drills as a means of seeding has been

instrumental in diminishing the num-

ber of bushels of seed per acre, for

when a farmer is certain of'his seed

and when he knows that it is all being

placed at a. uniform depth in the

ground and will grow, it is folly to sup-

pose that an excessive amount of seed

will be sown, as was common when

broadcasting. was the only means of

distributing the seed.



When brbadcasted and then disked

and harrowed, no matter how the work

is done, there is always some seed near





.the surface that will not grow and still...





more with so light a covering that, al-

though it may start itcannot deyeldp'

into a healthy plant. Not only has the





tility can interest the boys and girls in grain ,drill. ' demonstrated thatch we,





The use of improved grain,





grains may be depended on to grow.

but the uniformity of ripening is bet-

ter, the yield increased, and the stand

of clover and grass where this is an

item almost certainly insured, espe-

cially when the drill rows run north

and south, thus allowing the tender

clover and grass plants to become

hardened to the heat of the sun before

the cats are cut and also allowing

them more room to develop.



Closely related to the question of

good seed is that of healthy seed. No

farmer can afford to take chances with

diseased oats for this year’s crop. The

formaldehyde treatment is an import-

ant factor in insuring big yields. ,It

has been demonstrated that this treat-

ment almost completely controls loose

smut of cats. The method commonly

used for many years consists of

sprinkling seed oats thoroughly previ-

ous to seeding with a. solution of the

proportion of one pound .of forty per

cent formaldehyde to forty gallons of

water. Oats are spread out on the

floor or in tight wagon box, sprinkled

with solution, being shoveled over un-

til thoroughly moistened. About one

gallon of solution is needed for one

bushel of cats. The cats are then pil-

ed up and covered with wet sacks for

from three to six hours. They are then

spread out to dry.



The new concentrated formaldehyde

treatment advised by the Department

of Botany of the Michigan Agricultur-

al College, and fully explained in the

March 29 issue of the Michigan Farm-

er is much more convenient and equal-

ly effective.



Secure the Best Varieties.



The improved varieties developed by

the Michigan Agricultural College

plant breeder are proving their de-

pendability. The Worthy are avail-

.able in large quantities, and are best

adapted to heavier loams and clay

loams. The Alexander, though not

greatly different, have given excellent

results on lighter soils as well.



College Success and Wolverine, new-

ly developed oats, obtainable only in

small quantities, are high-yielding va-

rieties. Other widely grown varieties





that have given; success are Swedish '





Select. Big Font-firestpane and N

Victor. In 811008111; you; ' g v: ‘
should be taken to find the strain that

has? givengood results under 'similar

conditions and in. the arms loCality '

where it is to be grew, Judge the

variety by its performance and weed

out the low-yielding strains.



Fertilizer for Oats.



The fact that the oat crop makes its

most rapid growth early in the spring

before the plant food in the soil be-

comes available is sufficient reason for

recommending the use of fertilizer con-

taining a fair percentage of nitrogen

to hasten an early growth. The main

element, however, in a fertilizer to in.

sure a maximum crop of well-filled oats

is phosphorus in the form of phOsphor~

ic acid. Phosuhorus hastens maturity

and develops the kernels of grains.

Agricultural chemists have determined

by careful investigation that our Mich-

igan soils are deficient in available

phosphorus; not only that, but the

practical test of actual taming in the

growing crops indicates the same

thing. Our experiment station has

done some very careful work along

this line and in every instance acid

phosphate or available phosphoric acid

has given excellent results.





 





 





   

   

 





LOCUST DUE THIS YEAR.

____..__..___..——

(Continued from page 529).

and Virginia, and most of Delaware

and Maryland; (2) a southern region,

covering the lower Alleghanies in

northern Georgia, Tennessee, and

North Carolina, and (3) a middle west~

ern region, covering western Ohio,

southern Michigan, all of Indiana, and



the eastern part of Illinois.



In Michigan the counties that re-

ported one or more dense swarms of

cicadas, when they were here in 1902,

were Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Genessee,

Kalamazoo, Oakland, St. Joseph, and

Washtenaw. Other counties that have

reported the presence of cicadas at

some time ago: Barry, Eaton, Gratiot,

Hillsdale, Ionia, Jackson. Lake, Lena-

wee, Livingston, Missaukee, Monroe,

Muskegon, Saginaw, St. Clair, Van Bur-

en and Wayne.





   

   

   

   

   

   





Copyright 1919

m Whor-





 

   

   

   

 

   

   

   





& 0).. line.





 





You know Stylepl

You know they h





thousands of America’

regularly every season.





medium prices.

can see and try an the





At the Styleplus Store





prices.

cities and towns.





Founded 1849





Style

525-





‘The sleeve





 





America 's only known - priced clothes





You know they

are worth their price!





they are worn the nation over.





Styleplus Clothes are guaranteed. They are made

of the kind of goods that stand up under wear and

yet keep their good appearance.



Our special manufacturing method (concentration

of volume) makes possible such exceptional values at





It pays to buy your clothes at a store—where you





Sold by one leading

Styleplus booklet and name of local dealer.





HENRY SONNEBORN 3: co., INC.





   





 

 





 





 





 





 

 

 

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 





 

 





us Clothes are stylish because





ave the right quality, because

5 well-dressed men buy them





clothes before you buy them. ',

you get known quality at known '





clothing merchant in most 3

Write us (Dept. H ) for ‘





 





Baltimore, Md.





5 Clothes

$35-$40





Mflm'





ticket tells the price





 





 





 





 





If anyone is interested in insect life

they should endeavor to see and hear,

these insects next spring as it will not

be until 1936 that this brood will again

appear. They generally come out on

low ground near 'or among a number

of trees.





 





FIXING UP EARTH ROADS.





 





T can be truthfully said that drain-

age is the chief essential in putting

earth roads into proper condition. An

old Scotchman, an expert road builder,

aptly said that the three requirements

of good earth roads are drainage, more

drainage, and still more drainage. The

roads must not only have good surface

drainage but must also have good un-

der-drainage. Surface drainage is se-

cured by proper grading, adequate side

ditches, and by keeping the crown of

the road properly dragged. Stretches

of road that do not dry out quickly

must be under-drained by tile.





The drag must be used after each

rain, it the best results are to be Se-

cured. Don't go on the road while too

muddy, let it dry out slightly; it should

be wet enough, however, so it will not

crumble, but smear. When properly

used, the drag brings a thin layer of

earth toward the center of the road

which is rolled and packed between the

wet periods. If too much crown is se-

cured by dragging, the angle of the

drag should be reversed.



Getting the earth roads graded,

ditches open, well-drained, and prop-

erly crowned by dragging is about all

that can be done until the people are

ready to surface the road with gravel,

broken stone or some other surfacing

material.





 





. ”The early bird would go breakfast-





i





 





SAVE ALL YOUR 'GRAlN





You can do it with a NEW Csxrcnr

Tnatsaaa~because the New Cax-

rrnv with its advanced features of

construction. such on Universal [to-

tary Rack. Open Web Conveyor, etc..

gets all the grain out of the straw

and does the work up in a hurry.





NEW CENTURY THRESHER





.The New Camp“ is built in four

sizes. There is a size for use with

your small tractor.



Our catalottells you all about the

construction of this very popular ma-

chine. Get your copy today. '



Repairs for the New CENTURY

other A. d: '1‘. Machinery can be

at our Lansing branch.





TheAulhnanltTaylorMaclu'mryCo.





630 Michigan Av... E. Lansing. Mich.

Home Olce. Mantis“. Ohio





and

had,





 





R K Retreaded Tires

0 0 for MuddyRoads





They are double tread~and that

means twice as much fabric. and as

much rubber as new tires. cemented

and double chain stitched together.

In point of service every bit as good

as new tires—yet cost you only half

as much! .-





The following are the little prices of

our guaranteed tires.





Biro Prion so Price

8013 t 7.00 3434 12.00

”13 1-2 8.50 84x4 1-2 13.50

8213 1-2 9.00 86“ 1-2 14.00

3314 11.50 x4 l-2 14.50





Add $1.00 to the ab on for Non-Skid Tire





2 percent of! for cash with order.

10 percent deposit required with all C.0.D. orders





 





 





 





 





loos rogularlyiif it weren’t for the ear-





 





 





 





SEND F03 1919 wgdwflfi





Standard Merchandise at





$2.50 Horne Paint





sis raw-i:

02.00 m Point 813’





1.50 Shingle Stain l.”





 





Shins. am

Send tor catalog and color cards.





Complete Departments d

amwm, A!!! ACCICSOIIIS. “CLUB.

BROCEIIES. URI. D8! 0000!, ETCJ





HURST & CO.





capital stock $000M





V





MM





 





1mm a million.

Ma'- .1

Indianapolis. 0.8.x.





R. K. Tire Company

331 No. Broad St. manna. Pa,





Send for 4W” booklet and price list.

Good Territory Open for Live Agents





 





.r





Clover Seed white blossom Miehi n wn

Sweet richer in rotein than alfalfa 53.1333“.

celled as a soil bull or. Hay and seed crop worth

from seventv live to hundred dollars or acre.



Price mixed hulled and unhulled lb. per bu.$’l.50,





hulled. fl) lbs. per bu. . .

W.S.Henderson,ltl.D. 106 Huron Ave..Pt.Huron,Mich.





Farms and Farm lands For 8an





$1200 Down Secures 159 Acres,

Pr. Horses, 10 Cows and





w m. harness. lone list implements. hay straw.

,potatoes. to. 80 acres loam fields, clay sub-

soilamriumreok—wato w putumvaluablo wood,

timber; great amount fruit. Large 2~story house. big

W stock born. silo. 3 bay barns. groin ten-

;nt house. hon. try houses. all good repair. onlv



9‘ miles creamer-y and town. To settle now. m

. Details page 83 Sirius Cats



’1' OUT





8

Detroit. Mich.





 





 





Countyd ry farm full. i ed.l .

0°10qu eluding, tomationalv gig; p our:-

fltw acres river bottom. Particula write sole owner,



Travis Rutherford. Shinhopp 0. Del. 00. N. Y.





with“, rain.





I Sol Ferns W” ’° ”’3'“ °’°"

*“3'3: offlintssofi? his. a...

Rich Midis“ Fm gr “m“bfi'ggafi-





E38. 15 Merrill Building. Sl‘hflwJ





 





manipflce tall particular;

0. r. m, “weapons. urn...





MM





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





HORSES





Pure Bred

Belgian Draft Horses





We have some extra good Belgian Stallions for

sale. coming three and four ears old, They are

heavy. of good comformlmon and sound. You

can see their sires and dams. They are raised in

Michigan and acclimated. We have no agents on

the road for which you or we would have to pa ,

You cannot buy them any better nor cheaper

the world. Our studs and mares carry the but

blood Belgium has produced. We prove this [I

their pedigrees. We invite you to see our woo:

before buying. You can see them any day of the

week Except Sunday. Write for particulars and

catalog to the ovi'osso SUGAR COMPANY.

Prairie Farm. Alicia. Mich.





 





 





Saginaw Valley





STOCK FARM





Belgian and Percheron Stallions and Mares

and registered Holstein Cattle, oi the best breed-

ing. for sale.





Eli Sprung" & Son, Saginaw. W. 5., Mick.





 





Stallions For Sale





One Percheron Stallion and o e Imported English

Shire for sale. These stallions w lbe sold at sac co

rices in order to close out abusiness whk-hlhnvo





9

charge of. Arch. Marshall. Trustee. Boar LakeJhch.





Horses Will Be Horses Soon





We have on hand at all times a choice selectionat





Furor; Percheron Stallions.

ALMER BROS, Holding, Nlich. R. B. Orleans.





“reassessment”





Stall' d mares at r

Percheron ”artisan... “warm

F. L. KING J 80 . - - - Chartlot-to. Mich.





F“ 'Il. two Registered Black Percheron Stall

one 3 one o vears old in s ring both sou .

JOHN Lemur. arson City. - . -





Salesman. Wanted





We pay salary to good subscription get

ters, who can devote their entire





to our work. The offer our salaried.

men handle is especially nth-active to:

farmers. Address .





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 

 





IWS‘NTED to boot humans:- or good turn for solo





The Michigan Farmer, ,
, Such is the record of the original, guaranteed Pratts Baby Chick

Food. No ration can do this unless it contains, in proper proportion“

the food elements required to build bone, muscle and feather—unless. it

is appetizing and easily digested—unless it is made of high grade materials.





Pratts Baby Chick Food





‘ meets these conditions now as it always has. The time-lesiedformulo has never

, been changed. The original Pratts is slightly higher in first cost than imita-

tions which are inferior, but it is the c capes! food as judged by results, by

' number, size and quality of chicks raised.





Guaranteed Satisfactory Sold by Dealer-e

or Money Back. Everywhere.





 





 





   





 

 

 

 





I “1;:rpflgnuiiv7.‘

’ fin,

llf‘





 

   

   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





   





 





V R Othd oht-{nzrrinlzdroultgr IeoeuDili: are Profits Emit: Regulation. Punteowgite Diana:

anedy. tu' ' lts"ectnt. seemo endueoe. tomato

and produch'tn. Thee» amuzll “Email. Widto for FREE Poultry Book.





PRATT FOOD CO.. Philadelphia, Chicago, Toronto





N

h

M





 

 

 





 





 





POU LTRY





HOMESTEAD FARMS





A Federation of Interests





 





Ring Necked Pheasants





Lay 40 to 50 eggs each per year. Why raise

chickens to eat when these are much more

profitable and raised as easily? Weigh 8

pound at six months. and bring $1.00 a

pound in the market. Set the eggs under

chickens—feed and care for the young the

way you would chickens. Are economical as

they only require one-half as much food.

Are very hardy and not subject to disease.

Best eating bird in America. Eggs guaran-

teed from vigorous.healthy unrelated stock.



3 6.00 for 15 eggs



35.00 for 100 eggs

Genuine Wild Mallard Ducks

Lay 50 to 60 eggs per year. We guarantee our

breeding stock to be the best in the country

as they are entirely wild trapped Mallards

and not the coarse semi-wild strain.

.00 for 15 eggs

25.00 for 100 eggs

Giant Bronze Turkeys



Have a wonderful flock. headed by prize-



winning 55 lb. tom.





$1.50 per egg

Bloomfiel





Our new Catalog of Pure Breed Practical Poultry is

now ready. Some breeds are sold out fora number

of weeks. Orders for chicks are still being booked for



Barred and White Rocks.



Rose and Single Comb Rhode Island Reds.



White Wyandottes.



Single Comb Black Minorcas



Single and Rose Comb White Leghorns.



Single and Rose Comb Brown Leghorns.



Single Comb Anconas



White Orpinltons



Eggs for Hatching



Eggs from any of the foregoing breeds for settin

in uanlities for im-ubutors._ Special pricefor .

1 eggs during seasonzand on eggs for broilers.



Eggs from White Pekin Ducks. and from Gray Tou-

louse Geese.

Pullets—ullWhirel‘vi'yandottes; 9 Barred Rocks.

Hares-Belgians and Flemish Giants.

Orders should be sent now. in advance. so that Your

Order will not be crowded out by orders that have

been sent earlier. Send for catalog.





BLOOMINGDALE FARMS ASSOCIATIONS,

Bloomingdale, Michigan





CHICKS CHICKS CHICKS





350,000 FOR 1919





By Parcel Post Prepaid. Delivered To

Your Door. Guarantee Live Delivery.





01‘

to





cl 5. C. Rhode Island





Red Chickens

Fine legiisig strain of prize birds





00 for 15 eggs





 





25.00 for 100 eggs

Get order in early and send

check with it. Send for free

booklet and instructions.

Bloomfield Farms





1714 Penobscot Bldg.

Detroit. Michigan





 

 





Strong chicks from pure

bred arm stock that. are

hatched right. Have chicks ‘

of Utility and Exhibition

uality. red to Lay. S.O.

\ 'hite and Bro“ n Leghorns

$12.00 and $14.00 a 100: Bar-

red Rocks. $15.00 and 817.00

a 100: Rose and Single Comb

Reds and hire Wynn-

dottes $15.00 and $18.00 a

00: S. C. Anconas.

and $17.00 14100; S. C.

()r )ington. $18.00 and 821.00

“100. SC. luck Minorcas. .

$1H.00 n 100: Odds and Ends.





 





 





 





White Leghorns. Leading M. A.O.



Demonstration Farm in 1918. Aver-



age production for 1:30 hens last year 185 eggs each.



Eggs for hatching. $2.00 per 15. or _810.00 per 100.

ANNA ll. LINDSAY. Glenburnie Farmstead.



R. R. 2. Box 54.’ Mich.





Bred-To-Lay





Romulus,





 





 





0512.100 a 100. “Eggs full hfit- _

hi . SHX) t. $8.00 100. ination o (’1‘ on e iv a. '

oHoiv‘grs and gnmderastove. 0give us your orderand we Bib, chick; Brad l0 lay 3.0'wll.ghorns 3911.5 1&0





' will-make you a satisfied customer the same as hun-

dreds of others. Before ordering elsewhere get our





free illustrated catalog. Get your order in early_

HU R’s RELIAB HATCHERY Baby horns sggper 100 Thom son Strain Barred

' EAS ' '. s r "r. d,

* T "‘0“ ST" FOSTOR‘A'OH‘O- Elisabetta.....l:e:.}:.’°...z.°..straumas...





' ing 40 per egg. Russell Poultry Ranch.Petersburg.Mit-h.





I ' Sn erlative quality. 11cts.each

BA BY CHICKS Baby Cthks and) up. 24 leading breeds. Sat-

isfaction guaranteed. Catalog free. Sflprin field

The average cost, of producing Hatcheries & POUIEI'V Farms. BOX K. Spring Bl , hi0.

a BAng CHICK under1 the hen t t ‘ f t i

is 22 2 cents. We wi supp y 638 con es W nnerfi. eggs toms m n

'ou with ‘the breeds listed be- fi'figfil‘.‘ d'i‘iiv gang“ éfmlmahséggr- $2.00

0W at ”/2 Gems ‘0 20 “ms- mini) A‘BTLING. Constantine. Mich.

Barred Rooks

White Rocks

Buff Rocks





Brown Leghorns

White Leghorns





From stock that produced the winners in the state

demonstration farm work last 'ear. Circular free.

SUNNYBROOK FA M. Hillsdale. Mich.





chicks from Bred-to-Lay 8.0. White Leg-





 





 





ARRED Rocks exclusively. -Get your baby chicks

and hatching eggs on tirn by ordering now. Prices

and folder free. H. E. PIERCE. Jerome. Mich.





 





Bufl Le horns Anconns Rock 32.“) 9°13





.v - - RRED Plv. e gs for hatchin

White V andottes Vi hire Orphmgtons A ~

Rhode Island Reds Butl' Or hingtons Bdellvered by PM}: AA fight-fie" fo‘iiefiens sags? each:





Black Minor-ens Assorte . for Broilers





 





Two millions for 1919. delivered anywhere ‘

‘ by Parcel Post. Catalog roe. - M Leghorns figfi$wngefi ngg 021:8; ogcnkfifij

,, . chicks of each breed. lace your order. now. cos

_The smith 5 t a n d a rd. C 0 m P3 ny reasonable. Dr. William Smith, Petersburg. Mich.





 





Cleveland, Ohio





 





 





-/ 1961 w. 7m. s:.,





triers





 





' Hatchln eggs seven leadi varieties.

hill chicks best. qua ity. Lowest rieesimoataltigue

free. Goshen Poultry Farms. . 19. Goshen. nd.





100.000 This Season.



10 varieties. best pure

ilk—— blood stock hatched

' uar anteed to reach you in

’Ieon tiou. hatching eggs pre-

., Pekin duck eggs. Illustrated





entree-

, All) POULTRY 00., 1.7, Nappanee. Ind.





 





Bib Chicks Leghorns. and Anconas from ‘selected

I breeders for heavy 3 production safe arrival

guaranteed catalog. Wynn en Hatchery. keelandllcn





 





,(/





V





BABY CHICKS—1] Varieties. “yer 100 up. 2 weeks



460 n . etching 31.50



Bad. teand Bu lit-“,9 Burt



and White rp. . a R. O. R. . Reds. White Wynn.



gowgfia s. most. . ale Pupe.01r. fuse.

unny el’oultry Farmed;





etchery. Manchester. 0.

Baby Chicks: 8. 0. White and-Brown Leghorns.





" 100,000" BABY CHICKS

Good laflnqnnagtns of large w to





sent safely ever-where by all or express.

d rown Igor” and S. O.

'. £5?“ 11 ”“5: eggs. Guaranteed to reach you class qonditdn





bong? White an

01$: Wdfifiiiflff'flid'dfidg“ iiihf’gheeland. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 





 

 





l

e’

“ '- (i la in: strains.

. kind. Tontmmm _



' 'nOWfor and livery. P can





gone. W.VauAp

"' ‘ ‘ ‘dErownLegbornsand





 

 

 





 

 

 





ran





 

 

   

 

 





HERE . are some crops from

which the young flocks of penis

try need not be excluded." The





birds will enjoy ranging in blackberry

and raspberry patches and they do not





injure potatoes. In fact, they will eat

many of the insects which chew the

be‘rry leaves. We have had poultry

eat the small potato beetles before the

backs became hard, and keep a potato

patch entirely free from that pest. The

young chicks placed in brood coops

near vegetable gardens will collect

many bugs and weed'seeds and do not

seem to injure the Vegetables after

they have made a good start. The one

exception is young onions which the

birds especially like and they will eat

them to the ground.



Sanitation in the. brooders is an im-

portant factor in keeping chicks heal-

thy. When the litter is damp it should

be removed. Under the deflectors of

stove brooders,vthe litter will be dry

and dusty but it will soon contain

much dirt and should be changed at

least once or twice a week, depending

upon the number of chicks it protects.

Never crowd young chicks in the

brooder as this means an increased

mortality rate and stunted chicks.

Many brooders will not properly care

for the number of. chicks they are ad-

vertised to handle and it is best to

play safe and brood less than the ma-

chine can protect rather than over-

crowd.



Clean litter in the nests is very nec-

essary in the spring when the birds

walk in the mud at times and track it

into the poultry house and into the

nests. Dirty eggs are a serious loss.

They will not hatch as well or keep as

long in storage after they are washed

and they are discriminated against by

the retail trade even if they are per-

fectly fresh.





Never leglect the water supply at

any season, but in the spring, always

provide plenty of fresh clean water so

that the birds will not be so apt to

drink from puddles in the poultry yard

or eat dirty snow that may still remain

in shady spots. Galvanized pails of wa-

ter placed in the poultry yard furnish

a good source of drinking water and it

is easier to keep them clean than some

of the complicated drinking fountains.





It pays to keep a fifty—gallon tank of

kerosene oil on hand during the incu-

bating and brooding season and always

keep the tank at least half full. Then

there will be no shortage of oil when it

is needed for the incubator lambs. A

good grade of oil is economical as it

furnishes plenty of heat and very little

odor and smoke. -





S FAR as is known, Skandia has

A the only egg selling association



in the State. Two years ago J.

Allen Petrie, Extension Specialist, and

the, County Agent, organized an asso.

ciation for the purpose of handling

the farmers’ eggs, The farmers were

not satisfied with their home market





 





‘ Clean Eggs In Clean Packages. .



t the time. as they were getting around

thirty ' cents a, d02en. ‘whlleiin fMar-

quette City, fifteen miles- away. {eggs

were selling for about, fifty guests per)

a ”zen- The association was organized





 





 





 





 





   

 

 

 





 





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. o. ' any in ‘

,. ...... .. smasher





 





 





 





 





stifle about: “2'?” » L r





{s-





f , . A . ,

- .~ _ .‘v'





ock





,7. if,‘ _- ii , ‘1 ,

, Costom Hatching Pays.



Often a farmer will find that it pays

to have a few hundred eggs incubated

by one of the large 'hatcheries‘ doing

custom hatching if there are any such

hatcheries in the neighborhood. This

furnishes a. method of increasing the

incubator capacity on the home farm.

It saves worry and trouble for a. farm-

erwho may have much other work in

the spring.



The purchase of a few day-old chicks

is a safe method of obtaining a start in

pure-bred poultry. When chicks arrive

the breeder must be ready to receive

them and feed should be immediately

available so that they will not be neg-

lected. The success with day-old

chicks often depends on the first few

day’s care after they arrive from the

express office. They can stand quite

a .journey in the ventilated Shipping

boxes but they cannot stand a bit of

ill treatment after they arrive without

the mortality rate increasing in propor-

tion to the neglect.



Often there will be dark and rainy

days in April when the chicks in a col-





 





ony house will huddle under the brood-

er and seem to miss the stimulation of

warm sunshine. Chen up a few onions

and sprinkle. them around the brooder.

We have never seen any kind of green

food that chicks seem to like so well

and they will fight and chase each

other to obtain bits of Onion and seem

to forget the bad weather for awhile.

Watch for the pullers and cockerels

that feather out quickly.‘ They are apt

to be good breeders with plenty of vig-

or. The chicks that feather slowly

should be marked and sold for broil-

ers. They are not profitable and not.

good for breeders and it is possible to

develop a flock of early feathering

birds by only breeding from hens that

have feathered quickly. -





Skandia Egg Association





adopted a regular constitution and by-

laws. Some of the special features of

the association are: (a) to secure and

maintain better strains of poultry; (b)

to prevent waste in handling; (0) to

insure a uniform grade and quality of

products; ((1) to store and sell eggs and

poultry; (e) and to purchase (to-opera-

tively poultry raisers’ supplies.



The secretary-manager shall keep all

records of meetings of the members.

He shall keep in proper form all books

necessary to his work. He shall take

care that the eggs are properly han-

dled, tested, packed, graded and mar-

keted, and that only fresh and odorless

packing materials‘are- used. - He shall

enter in the book provided for each

member the number ‘of eggs received

at each cellection, and shall make a

similar entry in his own books. It shall

be his duty to direct the attention of

m‘embersato any. defects in the' eggs ..





* collected. «
m,





 





 





   

   

   





 





 

 





My as compared will: ”501.0011





 

 





consumption or

those accidenfilly found) when ‘and in "

whatever manner the members may de-

termine. Eggs must be taken from the '

nest at least once “ch day, and turice

daily in hot weather; they shall he kept





in a dry, cool and well ventilated place 7





until the time of delivery; and no 0838

shall he delivered to the society which

have been under a sitting hen. All

poultry houses must be kept clean and

sanitary.



All nest eggs shall be false eggs of

china, gypsum. etc.



All eggs delivered shall be clean, but

unwashed, and not more than three

days old in the summer or seven days

old in the winter The penalty for vio

lation of this rule shall be a fine of not

less than fifty cents per egg so deliv?

med. A second offense shall be pun-

ished by the expulsion of the offending

member.



A fine of $5. 00 shall be imposed upon

the member who sells eggs outside the

association, or who sells to the associa-

tion eggs from hens other than his

own.



The eggs shall be paid for once a

month by check from the treasurer,

who gets the amount due each member

from the secretary-manager, to be paid

on the 10th of the month.



Each carton shall bear the name of

the association and each egg shall be

stamped with the number of the pro-

ducer of the eggs contained therein

The number stamps shall be owned by

the members and shall not be loaned

to neighbors.



All supplies and feed may be bought

at wholesale by the secretary-treasurer

at the order of members.



The Association has been a success

from the start. The next day or so

after the organization, eggs took a rise

in the home market and have been sold

by the farmers outside of the Associa-





An Attractive Carton.





tion at market prices ever since. This

is a case Where an association helped

outsiders as well as helping them-

selves. The Association from April,

1917, to March, 1918, handled 3,734

dozen eggs, which sold at $1,395.37, or

an average of 37 13 cents per dozen.

During the last year they have sold

3.791 dozen eggs, receiving $1,521.92

for the same, or an average of 42.8

cents per dozen.



The eggs are handled at the cream-

ery. being packed, sold. shipped and

settlements made by the superinten-

dent of the creamery. The eggs have

been sold to private customers, logging

camps, eating houses. to grocery

stores, to railroad men passing through

Skandia, and to owners of automobiles

who stop for eggs while driving

through or making a special trip for

them.



The demand has been greater than

the supply, and many are often disap

pointed. The Association should have

a hundred or more members. but as

the price has been good outside of the

Association the outsiders are content

to remain on the outside, not taking

into consideration that they should be

members because the present good

prices are maintained because of the

organization.-





According to a Department of Agri-

culture report 10,000,000 acres of land

was broken in Canada for cultivation.

Last year 7,700,000 acres were broken.



Fresh and cured meat shipments

from Chicago ’for the week ended

March 15 amounted to 89,461,000





for incubation and. ' I,





 

 





 





 





 





Mayer’s Six





6





“' of all your chicks

—but it does still





 

 





 





.‘v





v :iIgyweeks.





food.





A Regular :1 Sack. Prepaid.





my self.





‘ $1.00. Send the coupon now.





hathclnachanceto





‘ 'I'hinkthhover—whctareyon-furdoing

‘ unfiyoncnnmakesureofraising 95per





back.

last 140 chicks nix





Vt 1-1:...





Save the Bab





"CARE OF BAB CHICKS” $11de a

mm Gm

against chick lanes. Those formerly losing more luau-mm

MW ms. watch





win“ “who have never tried GERMOMNE.” we um

Mao um Yup”.

"an” 75;“dwe'uld. Worn-tron.





bu m Mn.



mxfifioml timing,” colds, soup. musty or spoiled



0 er nee . 1 c “an; fin M.

Sink okahlolu can 't kwnall. Do It not.





assumed, seam and... 11.1.





 





.1.





 





47m.





 





 





 





( Developer IS guaranteed to prevent

White Diarrhea and raise 95 per cent





‘9 is a tonic—a food—a builder of tissue,



blood and bone. It' 1s a scientifically pre-

pared chick food that accomplishes the

‘f same wonderful results as the scientific

l" foods that are used for babies the world over.





Ev Raise All Your Chicks





NV lute Diarrhea, the national poultry plague,

kills millions of baby chicks every year. The poultry raiser’s

1 loss from this dreadful disease is tremendous. It’s a crime

against the poultry raiser ’s efiorts and his labor rs. Stop losing

‘ from 30 to 55 per cent of your spring hatch. Prevent White

Diarrhea by usmg Mayer’s Six Weeks Baby Chick Developer.





‘ Tl'nBiHZSacleilllntSixWeels





§ Mayer’s Six Weeks is put up in sealed sacks

One sack will last an ordinary flock of 140 chicks for



Don't confuse our sacks with the ordinary four to

six-ounce package, because it is entirely different.



‘ no filler and 18 made up entirely of concentrated medicine and





Special Half Price Offer





M’MWMIZSZM 3850‘





I am making you a special half-price ofier on‘

my regular $2. 00 sack of Mayer’s Six Weeks Baby Chick

Developer for only $1.00 and I am paying the

Order new direct from this ad and save exactlylos?‘e

half. Prevent White Diarrhea—develop two-pound broi ers

‘ eight to ten weeks and start your pallets laying earlfy.0only



big sack of this wonderful chick tonic and developer oronly





Is a Chick’s Life Worth One Cent?





your chicks?

earn a big profit for you? For less than one





The big sack that I am. offering you here will

weeks. Om- grandiathers used to say "An





Warmer m°mwmmfn mm





Six Weeks. may raise: shall be using it. You



should have a suck on hand



a chance to save onehnlf. Hail your order now.

Just enclose $1.00 with the coupon.





MAYER’S HATCBERY





on Security





‘5





 

 

 





95 any. 140-32:

0’36110 City Escalator! E 5 . lulu





WWW-0v W- mow-{HIP wwr wave—mmmmwr‘nm.





7P r eve11

hits Diarrhea





' From Killing Off ’Your Baby-Chicks





Weeks Baby Chick





or your money back

more than this—it





It contains





“1-11.99.





 





cent of your hatch or your





 





MAILTHIS COUPON NOW





I Mayer’s Hatchery,





“worth a. pound of cure.” Mold m-

. 11 a I ' 85 Security Bld ., “

Mayer’s s1; ”geeks “113:5 Chick 119501;: ch . Minneapofiaan. g

Eek Gummm We 531;an ' Enclosed find $ ....................... for which ship me -

ick Developer '3 sold under an absolute guarantee. .

not periodic satisfied. you set ywr money back ,-_....,...__..-.._,.--,m sacks of Mayer’ 8 Six Weeks Chick





Iamtogetmymoneybackiflam .





 





 





Developer.

“w“ . notsatisfied.

all the time. Here is .

I Name

“ T wn

new”. 4.4 °

State .......





-. ’ 30E5g/I/wfiafar

' land BFOOJP'"





 





 





 





 





POULTRY

Chin Barron Strain 8. 0. Which

Barge healthy vigorous stock tam nub Icyla.

Aim-t Ideal Brawn. ltl‘lyvflle Mich.





 





 





M 9303?“? 'm m





Safe

3 than [Inna-teed. Ralph Tmcemord Mich.





Chicks Young's Strain ”Hang Layman 0.

White Lotions mm or?





Book

Y. chlavu-nflt- Bundle-fit.“





mam as“... 2%.“... “





 





I



.-

u

‘_





................................. R..FD........

‘IIIIIIIIIII'





hnka Barron Strain White Leghorns Pa) 21 little



more and get aaood start next season.

hatched chicks aroalwmthchect. My cockemlscm

from hens with an cigreoord of ovarifio their pul-

Iet year. March no. vrll ”Shiny $14 per min!

free oily Cone Fauna. R. 1, Holland. Mich.





[00K £33223 $11 A 1000?





15y Special Delivery Parcel Post. out. HZ) -

Patent :11me breeds. [hills tfiahlb “9 dfl

llee delivery guaranteed weekly.





 





(Inning! me. hobfiatcheries. (37.08.111.115 Ohio.





CHICKS AND EGGS

lloacandfilngleCo-blllficde. Barredl’l‘m ;

Theda Pare bred noel. Farm raised and 0 Inner- _ .

nor , Write ton-catalog. f ..

l 38 It“.





can.

January. [one





a... cnsm menus” in:





 





“humus-hush
The United States





enough several years





 

 





only a milestone in its





   

   

   

   

   

   

   

   

 

 

 

 





Mechanical





Chicago





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





, fl V

BREEDERS’ 01REC'I‘0RY





Change of Copy or Cancellations much reach us

Ten Days before date of publication





bull calf, sired by our imported





“EDGAR of DALMENY”





recently sold in Scotland at the Perth

Bull Sale for the record price of 211

guineas, or $10,584.00 in our money.





This goes to show the quality of the





ABERDEEN ANGUS 1





that Mr. Scripps is breeding. He enjoys see-

ing good stock on "Wildwood" and believes that



THE BEST IS NONE 1‘00 GOOD.

"Edgar of Dalmeny” won the Michigan. Grand

Championship last Septemeber at the Michigan

State Fair and was a winner in his class at the

Chicago International last December.



We have a few females with calves at foot and

re-bred to “Edgar of Dalmen ” that Mr. Scripps

has consented to sell . to re uce the fast grow-

ing herd. Write To _





WILDWOOD FARMS





ORION, MICHIGAN

W. E. SCRIl’l’S. Prop.. Sidney Smith.811pt-





wooncorr ANGUS





Established in 1900.

TROJAN-ERICAS end BLACKBIRDS (Ill-circuit).





Breeders and feeders} of many Interna-

tional Winners.





Write For 1919 Bull Sale Catalogue

WOODOOTE STOCK FARM . Ionia, Mich.





 





 





 





 





record for close skimming, but that was





ments of construction and operation, since added,

._have anticipated every need of the modern dairy.





Within two years seven exclusive patents have

been granted on the United States DiscSeparator.





added to .perfect skimming.





Why be satisfied with less

than the best; see the United

States dealer. '





Vermont Farm Machine Company

BELLOWS FALLS, VT

Portland. Ore.

U. S. Farm Lighting Plants and Engines

Watch your newspaper for this Advertisement telling where you can no the





’ i .N‘ _ United State: Separator. Agent: and dealers wanted in some localities. mi

GUERNSEYS m... reduce 1...... mm

a few choice females of

Glenwood breeding also bulls. all stock of A. R. breed-

in% herd tuberculin tested.

T. . HICKS -





Guemseys Calves: write your requirements

WALTER PHIPPS FARM.80 Alfred St.Detroit,Mich.





For Sale ,8... 0...,





. We have what you want in BULL CALVES, the





Separator was good

ago to set the world’s ,





Refine-





development.





perfection has been ‘





sai't Lake City





Battle Creek. Mich.





G u E R N s EYS‘ EEGEETEEEE

BULL CALVES

Containin blood of world champions.

HICKS' GUBRN BY FARM. Sullnlw. W. S. Mich

Grade Heifer Calves Registered Bull

Registered Guernsey Bull. one'





GEO. W. REEVES, R. 7. Grand Rapids, Mich.





 





 





HBLSTEIN AND

THE MILK CHECK





The size of your milk check de ends less upon

the size of your herd than upon is 8 size of your

cows. Get big. healthy purebred cows with the

ability to convert feed into milk at a profit.



Wherever dairying‘is on a prosperous footing.

that’s the home, of t e Holstein cattle. Besides

being the leading dairy breed they bring to

prices when beefed. They breed regularly. an

the calves are easily reared.





If interested in





HOLSTEI N CATTLE





Send for our booklets—they contain much

valuable information.





HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION OF

AMERICA, Box 164, Bnttlobere, Vt.





The





 





 





 





 





 





 





Herd





 





Traverse





large fine growthy type. guaranteed right in

every way. They are from high producing A.R.

0. ancestors. Dam’s records up to 30 lbs. Write'

for_pedigrees and quotations. stating about age

desired.

TRAVERSE CITY STATE HOSPITAL



Traverse City, Mich.





BULL CALVES taggers





K dyke





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





seven 'oun Aberdeen Angus bulls. Si-

For sale red b; Pride’s Lad of Rosemere No.

160-184. A few cows bred to my good herd bull Lapeer

Black Bird No 1735M. ,

LONGWOOD FARM. Marshall Kelly. Frog.

B. 10, Charlotte. Mich., Eaton 00. Phone 14-3L~2 .





' Aberdeen Angus. Seven bulls from ei ht

Regutered to twelve months old. Plenty of s 29

best of breeding. Prices reasonable. Come and see

them. Inquire ‘. J. WILBER. Clio. Mich.



Bred cows. heifers and bull

ood





Cloverly Angus calves of g





bree mg.

GEO. HA'I‘HAWAY & SON. Ovid, Mich.





- ‘ urebred Angus bulls aged thirteen and

‘ Two gourteen months,correspondence invited or





come and see them. I‘ J LYON, Homer, Mich.





j * For Sale Registered Guernsey Bull





Gov. Chene Golden Noble & Mage Rose breeding.

Tubercular res ed by state Halcyon qual born 191



- Gov. Cherie sires and grand sires

Price 8250 F0. B Avomllgles





Seque am

rice 815') F.0.B Luella's

. 1918 Sire Lord Sunrise

31m F.O.B. Avondales



1918, Sire Halcyon Se uel Dam

. Price 8200 F .O.B.Avon ales Joy

r gal-n F . 8. 1918. Sire Halcyon Sequel Dam Wrinkle

i .Pittsfleld. Price $125 F.0.B. Avondales Mark born

‘ ‘ 9. 1918. Sire Lord Sunrise. Dam Popular Polly.

me and took our herd over.

CK FARM, Wayne. Mich.





 

 

 

 





   





Gertrude oi Halcyon. m

or AVondale porn Jain.

ces





 

 

 





 





" _'smor. .B. Co

. AVONDALE s'ro





 





No. 112849. The sire’s dam at 212 years. grand-

dam_ at 3% years. and great grand-dam have

semi-official records averaging 842 lb. butter in





1 year. Dams of calves have A. R. 0. records up

to 19.23. lb. butter in 7 days. Write for breeding

and prices.





PEACELAND STOCK FARM

Three Rivere,‘Mich. Chas. Peters, Herdsman

C. L. BRODY, Owner Port Huron, Mich. '5.





“Top-Notch”

HOLSTEINS





The young bulls we have for sale are

backed up by many generations of

large producers. Buy one of these

bulls, and give your herd a “push”.

Full descriptions, prices, etc. on request.





McPherson Farms Ca, Howell, Mich.





 





‘- SRgisteGei-nse oowsA.‘R.Re

‘FOI' sale corde chediifutakenysoon: write

; g Jami EBE s. 11.2. Holland. Mich.





‘13..»





   

 





 

 





metered Guernseys





cum. coo'demush for any breed-





egistered Holstein Bull calves from A.B.O.oows 0%

to 29.32 lbs. butter in 7 days. ndsons of the 850.

bull, 0. H. GIDDING , - Gobleville. Mich.





 





'31 ‘3 in. butter in 305 days 30.2111 ’1 ye; gddam Jo-

~ Renamed. 19.21.73 lb. a orb if

5‘ white. 3 heifer calves lb. sire notEre ated. ’1‘



M I3; eLAULIN. Mord. Mi . .





“fly. .





 





TINGY feeding of live stock is one

of the most wasteful and extrava-

gant features of American agricul-

ture. This is especially true in case

it is the feeder’s purpose to have the

animal grow in frame or lose flesh or

produce some animal product such as‘

milk, butter, wool, eggs, etc. For ev-

ery class of live stock there is a, defi-

nite quantity of the various digestible

nutrients required for the maintenance

of the system—for supplying heat and

energy and repairing waste tissues. A

ration which will just meet.these re-

quirements and maintain the animal

without any change in weight is called

a, maintenance ration. It is apparent

that supplying such a maintenance ra-

tion is a sort of necessary evil since

we get no returns for the feed thus

consumed.



In'case it is the feeder’s purpose to

carry an idle horse through the winter

cheaply, such a. ration is probably the

most desirable, but if it is his purpose

to secure some animal product—such

as milk, for instance—or to cause the

animal to increase in size or degree of

fleshing, then merely supplying a main-

tenance ration, or alittle more, is cer-

tainly a poor business proposition.

According to the most accepted feed-

ing standards a 1,000-pound dairy cow

requires for maintenance purposes 0.7

per cent of digestible crude protein and

7.925 per cent of total digestible nutrir





Dairy P





SELECTING THE BREED.





 





As I am thinking of buying some

full-blooded cattle of some kind, I

would like some advice on what would

be the best kind of cattle to buy for

the general farmer. I have 170 acres

pf land, about 100 acres cleared, and

we have no market for milk. We ship

our cream at present to the Blue Val-

ley. Do you think it would pay better

for dairy type of cow or would you ad-

vise beef cattle? What is the Brown

Swiss, cow, 3. dairy cow or classed as

a beef cow? How much milk had a

cow ought to give and what would be

the test of a cow that would be called





a paying cow?



Leelanau Co. S. M.

So much depends upon the individ-

ual and the conveniences available

that it is difficult to advise which

breed of cattle to select. All of our

standard breeds are good in their plac-

es and in the hands of good feeders

and farmers.



If you have plenty of help for milk

ing you would undoubtedly find greater

profits selling milk, but if you lack

help for milking you would make no

mistake by investing in a small herd

of good beef cattle.



The Brown Swiss are an excellent

breed—of a dairy type with a tendency

toward beef production—that should

prove. profitablegm a; farm in your

county. _



With any of the breeds the yield of

milk will depen’d‘very largely upon the

amount offlfeed and kind of care “she

gets. Some of the most profitable cows

give, milk that tests as .low as three

per cent butter-fat, while others give

milk testing. ’ ' ” "





 





 





 





 





% ’i‘i‘.’ winding North Adams. Mich.





 

 





 





 





m as, . tie easement at;





 





Above flVQ per, cent}. so;





Liberal Feeding 0f Live Stock





ents per day. This ration, bear in

mind, is all consumed in supplying her

up—keep requirements and carrying on

her vital processes and does not leave

anything remaining for milk produc-

tion. Even a dairy cow cannot make





something out of nothing and so for





each pound of four per cent milk pro-

duced she requires an addition of .054

——.065 per cent of digestible crude pro-

tein and .346 per cent of total digestiv

ble nutrients. In the light of this fact

it follows that the amount of milk pro-

duced by a. dairy cow varies not as the

total ration fed but as the amount of

feed given in excess of the mainte-

nance ration. This is why it often pays

a. dairyman to dispose of one or two of

his lowest producing cows and distri-

bute the feed which he had been feed.

ing to them, among the rest of his herd

so that each cow, after supplying the

overhead expenses of carrying on her

little factory, will have something left

with which she can manufacture her

real product—milk or butter.



This same principle holds true of all

other classes of live stock—-from feed-





ing a farm flock of poultry for egg pro’- ,





duction to fattening a earload of two-

year steers for the Chicago market. If,

is a. principle which if intelligently ap-

plied will shorten the fattening period,

give greater returns per pound of feed

fed, and thus bring greater prosperity

to the American farmer. S. M. POWELL.





roblcms '





tion and costs than of the percentage

of butter-fat in'the milk, W. M. K.





VALUE OF MANGEL WURZEL

BEETs





 





I have a quantity of giant stock beets

and I would like to find out what they

are worth per ton as compared with

other feeds for milchxcows.



.Eaton Co. ' D. H. M.





The food value of mangel wurzel





‘beets, or any root crop for that matter, .





is not great when we compare it

pound for pound with grain like corn

or cats. The principal reason is be-

cause the root crops contain so much

moisture. About eighty-five or ninety

per cent is nothing but water, which

has no food value whatever, and yet

root crops of all sorts are very appetiz-

ing and are beneficial because they

stimulate the digestive fluids and enao

ble the animal to consume more of the

dry foods and digest them better.





Beets are a little richer in protein

and not quite so rich in carbohydrates

as corn silage and their food value is

usually considered about the same ton

for ton. It is estimated that corn sil-

age is worth onesthird as much as tim-

othy hay and it would be safe to say





that mange! wurzels are worth fully as"





much, consequently,, if timothy hay is

worth 327' then the mangel wurzels

would be worth $9.00 per ton, etc. '



, . C. C. L.





 





Secretary of Agriculture Houston an-





nounced that over? $775,000,000 is now.





availabl'e‘fcr‘ building mad

cat the can I, M r





3—.





 

 

   





 





 





 





 





 





"no”.
through the office of the association’s





 





 





 





 





successruu Pesos leme.





 





(Continued from nose 540).

forth the entire eight thousand dairy-

men sold their milk as a single man





secretary. There was no longer any

fear of rivalry among themselves for

the city dealer’s corrupting favor; nor -

fear of competition from other regions,

since Detroit simply must have more

milk than could be gotten from abroad. ‘

The unity of control which the Milk

Producers’ Association found for itself, ‘

explains the successes which it has

had. ' In 1917 it: forced the Detroit deal-

ers to pay forty cents per hundred

more for milk than had ever been paid

before.’ The dealers also agreed to buy

from no one else than the association,

thus granting the “closed shop” princi- '

ple so vital to labor unions. During

this year producers and dealers secur-

ed the naming of the Detroit Milk

Commission, from which for 1918 a

milk price was secured which was

eighty cents per hundred weight over

anything thus far paid, while in De-

cember of 1918 it secured roundly $4.00

‘per hundred, the highest price ever

paid in Michigan. '

But the Producers’ Association has

not relied upon its natural strength as

an organization. It has been well put

together. A great drawback to all as-

sociations having a large membership

like this is- the difficulty of getting rev-

enues. Something like inspiration

seems to have guided the Milk Produc-

ers’ Association here. Its revenues are





in the form of an indirect tax,'and '





come to it automatically. Each Dev

troit dealer deducts one cent per quart

from the pay check due to his country

patron, and remits it to the association

strong box. Upon the sales of $8,000,-

000 worth of milk made last year by

the secretary of the Milk Producers’

Association, one can easily make out

under this rule the splendid income of

this organization.





A group of farmers having the “-con '





trdls" named above, are~on easy street,

so far asthe price for their product is

concerned. Producing a necessity of

life which no city can forego, the mem-

bers of the Milk Producers’ Associa-

tion need have no fear concerning pric.

es so long as their association sticks

together. Indeed, it seems hard to

conceive the breaking up of an associa-

tion which has so many natural ele-

ments of strength. and so many suc-

cesses as has the Milk Producers’ As-

sociation.



in fact, one can scarcely think how

a stronger grip upon the supply of its

product could be secured by an asso-

ciation, unless it had a patent right,

franchise or natural limitation to sup-

ply, as in the cases of Oil wells or hard

coal. The Milk Producers’ Association

has shown no tendency to abuse its

monopoly, either by charging prices in

excess of costs of milk production, or

by shutting out dairymen who wish to

join. It has been able to secure a very

happy stabilizing of the. milk producing

business through using its natural

strength. There have been no ugly

milk strikes with their bad feeling and

wastefulness, such as other cities have

seen. Milk prices are higher in De-

troit than was ever before known, but

no murmur of complaint_ has come

from the consumers.





Trial shipment of three carloads of

butter to New York from ‘Saskatoon,

Saskatchewan, indicates a regular bus-

iness with New York, which will bring

$40,000 annually. ‘



West Virginia peach groWers have

W (the Farmers’ Elevator Com-





 

 





A





 

 





 





 





 





Helium Spread Home

A Good Seed Bod





fl





“Honest is as honest does”—

that applies to farm machinery

as well as to men.





And if you want honesty in

any implement you want it in

your spreader.





It will pay you, then, to look

over the new Bellevue No. 10

Spreader before you buy.





Its specially designed wheels

will stand up under any load.

The solidly built bed prevents

the loss of the choicest part of the

manure. Two pulverizing cylin-





A Spreader That’s Honest I'

All the Way Through





dcrs insure perfect pulverizing

and light draft.





The No. 10 comes regularly

equipped with an all steel, and

not wood, distributor. The die-

tributor blades are hexagon

shaped, with sharp corners, and

are fastened to a square shaft in

a way that they cannot work

loose.





Here is a spreader that will take

your eye the minute you see it.





Ask your dealer about it. If

he doesn’t know~write us for

our free Spreader Catalog.





OHIO CULTIVATOR COMPANY, BELLEVUE, omo

Address Dept. 71





 





 





 





 





VAopec. inlnnu‘ fox-7‘

eggmeethotpump

on.





Used in top we

guy of pawns





 





 





your gasoline,





McQ





McQuny-Norris





save fuel and o





   

   

   

   

 

 

 





__m ' Wherever you

N‘s ’

undnrd sizes





--the rings are





So





 





2877 Locust St.





Stop the Theft of Power

It is not necessary to put up with loss of





power and waste of all an

fitting piston rings steal





PISON





Increase Power—Decrease Carbon





truck and’ tractor. l

over 300 distributing points carry complete stocks/pf !

l

i





a

stock oi 3.000 unusual sizes.





 





gas. Don’t let badly

our motor's power and





Install a in set of





UAORRIS . ‘





 





 





RINGS





Save Gas





By creating uniform pressure on the cylinder walla,





Piston Rings stop piston





ring leakage, increase power, decrease carbon and





il.





are you can get them to fit any car,

Jobber-e and supply houses in





and over-sizes, backed by a factory

. . You don't have to wait

awaiting your order.





nd for Free Booklet





“To Have and to Hold Power"—- I aim he

clear explanation of piston rings. tack"

construction and operation.





Manufactured by





McQua ~Norris Manufact ring' C .

y s. 3...... °





'U.S.A.

l.





 





POUL‘IRY





 





“‘ "°_ ”"E’ra'fifim





do we . menial:

stock ot ooodl willow m1“ Wigfiwn lay

1. hulls. moh- forvaln 12"?1'3" fists" ’fimfighods

ofi'vnfid [35$ “it. Zeeiond. lion:





 





 





 





m-w Ye... withjm





 





 

 

 

 

 





BunnS.C.WiIilele¢hu1l





l

k. toe 3‘3- Wyandot-tee

Wm? chick! G31: “he fins; hen-{aged to 7





oc Dueton‘.’

Cooker-010.16 we: b 1 Post 3235?"; Egg

mucosa. ifs-«om.





chicks at 814.” r m; ”6 ruin-edicts

N each was: Goa

'Il





 





OBI I’AB





4-





   

   

 

 

 

 

 

 





as semi—ass“





' Indian Runner Ducksmhito

Eggs F“ HatChmg es kind. price $1.75 forll;

E for 83.“). Partri e Rock ulnbow strain.the great

winter layers price .75 for 15; 30 (or ‘3 w postage





not included.

Mrs. J. 8. KENNEDY, R. 3. Cassopolis. Mich.





T

GHICKS from Barron Strain S. C. White Leghorns.

stock direct from M. A. C. with records u to 279.

Chicks :25 per 100. G.Keizer. BA. Hudsonvi .Mlch.





English Barron $0,831,“? “fif'fifmg

$6.00 per 100. Pleasant Hill Pou try Farm.

F. A. ()‘HAREOW. Clarksville. Mich.





Chicken Hatchery. Fenton Mich. EM.

Feat-on Millikan, Pro riotor. Thor-ova?

Day Old Chicks. 2') for 35.50: for 810.“):lmflr ,-

Sl lo Comb W.Leshorns Tom Barron Eu 1 Strain.

W to Bufl and Barred Plymouth Rocks, ufl' Orplns-

tons, Anmnas. W.Wyandottes. R.I.Reds. B.Leghornn.





Fowler’s Bufi Rocks i‘é‘ffifihfih‘s’mflt‘i‘iiw

B. B. FOW‘LER. artford. Mich.





[for sale “Buy the Best" eggs for hatching from_200

egg strain Barred Plymout Rock. 32.“) per 15 80.“

1' ages. 11. B. PRUC’I‘OR. Grand Haven, no...





' eggs Plymouth Rocks. all varieties.

Hatching and Anconao. Illustrated oatalo 30.

Sheridan Poultry Yards. 8. 4. Sheridan, M oh.





John's Bic Beautiful Barred Books are hen hatched.

gfiukk growers, {god layers 301%.“ $3. 100 $3. Pesto

pm . Circulars. p toe. John orthon. Clare. Mic .





Laybilt S. C. W. Leghorn





Large, great layers, nre whites, stron day-old chicks.

March 160 each: pril lbc each. art-cl post (1,

Lots of Z3 or ovenfixaranteed delivery alive and l vely.

Hatch every wee after March 17th. No circular.

Please book orderdirect from adv.an_d send orders early

- . V. A. MORSE. Ionic. Mich.





' White Orpingtons. Egg that will hatch

Pine cred good. strong chicks 3 and 5 dollars 1-

l5. (No babv chicks ore s by . Mn. WE.-

LIS ROUGH, Pine Crest. yal air, If .





 





.50 for





ll. . ineee 400s ts

each ‘urs. CLAUDIA Barragfilzgxe. Migh.





F'loy Robertson. R 1. Lexington.

s. Anconas. W. Leghorns. Book orders now for

Day Old Chicks and Hatehl





free. El





silver. iden and White Wyandottes. Plenty of

good Go den and White oockerelegl. ‘6. Few -

ver pulled. each. 0. W. Browning. ortlnnd.flloh.





 





 





 





Free to





 





White '7’ ,

color. David Bay.





W‘s-m

mist. pom





 





 





   





Br. L born 9 31.50 r15. as e 100. P km"

0- (luck of! 98w on” p r e



Brown Lecterns. Koovv in, strain. Far-



5. C. range 15 31.25;msa.25?‘4'51‘$s:m a. Pot



paid. In .





us to u

mhurst Poultry Farm. rig ton. Mlch.’





SmwleiteRocksgm‘ggfi'gJ .'



All prepaid. Mr- Eari finhol’, V'anbure'n.0hlo

: c. B. Minorcee. Eggs from I. It. ”r15.

s... ”a... mar-ware: sushi“. first
CA‘l'l'LB ,

, W an00 Her .

i, _ y o ‘ Gl§TEl§BD

' Holstein - nectar: Cattle

. . Sire in Service ' .,

FLINT MAPLECREST BOY

i M l t K d to Hengerveld. His

$190; rgeiasrestadafiflachmogei 30 lbs. of butter in ’l

‘ ys. His dam and granddam both made over 12321bs.-

o, butter in one year. It is the yearly cow we are

look for to deliver the goods lint Ma lecrest

Boy's am is Gluck Vassar Bell 30.57 lbs. 0 butter

n 7 days and 121 lbs. in 30 days. liar butter fat test

1!: 5.27. This looks about right tothe man who goes





t th . W b ll calves‘from2w ha

0 e creamer-fill, Fgohlimde. ll.) 0. dams and sired. y





Flint Maplecrest Bo , which 'we will 80“ at a dailifi - the tent. or uddch





I You can save your cows all such an-

! noyance and keep the milk produc-





farmers price breed ng considered. Just think

more cows to freshen which means more bull calves.

Let us know your wants. We will make terms on

approved notes.





JOHN H. WINN, Inc.





Look no. 249, Roecommon Mich.

Reference Roscommon State Bank.





THE HOLSTEINS





At Maple Avenue Stock Farm are under Goverment

supervision. The entire herd have just been tuberculin

tested and not one reactor. Agood place to buy that

hull you are looking for, an Ihave two very fine,

richly bred, and splendid individuals ready for any

amount of service. I want to answer any question





on m ask abo t them.

y ay ‘1 L. E. OONNELL. Fayette, Ohio





CLUNY STOCK FARM





100--REGISTERED HOLSTEINS--100

When you need a herd sire remember that we

have one of the best herds in Michigan. kept un-

der strict sanitary conditions. Every indiv1dual

over 6 mos. old regularly tuberculin tested. We

have size. quality. and production records back-

ed by the best strains of breeding.



Write us lyour wan

R. BRUCE McPHE SON,





$50 00 buys your choice of three Registered Holstein

- Friesian bull calves splendid individuals and

bred right sired by a grandson of King of the Pontiac 8

buy one and raise a herd sire.lmll calf or sale the same

breeding ready for Service, marked half white & black

$100 buys him do]. Henry S. Rohlfs, 11.1. Akron.Mich.





BULL





OF BLUE BLOOD BREEDING





Born January 21st. 1919. While a little dark has

lenty of white behind him and is certainly a splendid

individual in type.

DAM: Has an A.R.O. record of 22 lbs. as 8.3 yr. old.

Cow of good type and a very Eersistent milker. Grand

daughter of the Century Sire ietertJe Hen erveld $83-

is, with 100 A. R. 0. daughters and 50 pro ucing so s.

SIRE: King Segis Pontiac Polkadot 21st. by King Beg-

is Pontiac Polkudota son of last century Sire King Seg-





I‘. ..





nun-messen- I I] I





. Dairy Association Co.,~





ts .

Howell, Mich .1.





 





Healthy “rat.

and , Udder

HELP THE MILK FLOW





Have you ever noticed how the milk

flow falls of if a cow is troubled with

e diseased or irritated condition of





. tion up to normal by keeping on hend

constantly e peckuc of Ba: Balm,

. the great healing ointment. lts pen-

. etrating and healing properties ere

eo prompt and positive that you need

have no udder troubles in any of -

your cows.





Ceked Bag is quickly relieved and

eliminated by applying Bag Balm.

Be sure to have a package on hand

when cows freshen. Very valuable I

in treating Bunches, too.





[Sold in liberal 60c packages by

lfeed dealers and druggzsts‘.





“\Scnd for free booklet.

“Dairy Wrinkles"





 

 

 

 





‘ Lyndonvillc, Vt.





 

 





 





is Pontiac. Remember this bulls' sire is u'brother‘ to

King Segis Pontiac Koni on; King Segis 'Pontiac

Count: to champion 3 yr. 0 d 7 day and champion 3 yr.

old yearly. King Se 's Pontiac Count has 44000").

daughters besides 8.3 lb. 3 yrs old. Here is breeding

which isoccupying the top rung in the ladder of Worlds

championship production.

SWlGARTDALE FARM,



Geo B. Storey, Mgr. Petersbnrg, Mich.





For Sale Registered Holstein bull calf, born. Feb. )8,

1919,mostly white. Dam daughter of 301i) sire. Sire

Grandson of Pontiac Korndyke write for edigree and

price delivered. E. E. srusdIs, St. ohns, Mich.





acce ted in payment of finely bred reg-

. 600d "oh istergd Holstein bull calves. uality

of the best and at prices within reach of all. rite,

one. D. o'LsnKE. - - - - Vassar. Mich.





’ . 0 r d - .

In": All told. 2st. “sass assess“ a“ 55° 0°

J. nonsnr HICKS. St. Johns, Mich.





:15“ Buys one reg. heifer two months old and one

bull calf one month old. Not akin. Pontiac breed-





ing. Both light colored. B. B. Reavey. Akron,Mich.





WA N T E D a Reg. Holstein Bull

dam better than301b.

PARHAM‘S PEDIGREE Elll'l‘OOK FARM,





ronson, Mic .





L e R. of M. Jersey herd. Bull and heifer

Maple (utilises sired by a no how the new World's

' lso R. 0. Red 63 s and





' . 8 hi ’s A nos.

ohm“? op ° isvm FOX. Allegan, ich.





chix.





E

BUTTER BRED withing?”

CRYSTAL SPRING STOCK FARM,

Silver Creek. Allegan County. Michigan.





JERSEY BULLS





Ready for service FOR SALE

WATERMAN a WATERMAN. Ann Arbor. Mich.





sell Your Milk





Don’t Feed It to Your Calves!





 





 





[ID {/1751 /(:l~f (v’):





Raise the Calves Easily, Suc-

cessfully and Prefitabbv on





Blatchford’s





Calf Meal





In the United States alone more than

1.000 000 calves were raised on Blatchford's Calf

Meal last _year. It puts calves through to a

healthy. Vigorous, early maturity at 1688 than

onehalf the cost of milk. Write for booklet:



How to RaiseFinest Calves on Little orNo Milk."

We’ll send it free, also name of yourneareetdealer. ‘





Blatchford Calf Meal Co. -Dept. 48“ r





 





 





The Wildwood Jersey .Farm.

Bulls for sale b Majesty's Oxford Fox 134214 and Em-

d Ni, t 150934 and out of R. of M. Ma«

:35?“ aging” “1&er iiALDEN. Capac, Mich.





IE F tend erseys. Youn bulls ready for

ng‘ef'lvice figignltof My cows. A few fined heifers and

cows. COLON O. LILLIE, Ooopersville, Mich.





Be tered Jerse bulls ready

For sale forgajgrvice and bul calves.

iSMITH & PARKER. R. 4, Howell. Mich.





erse a $1200 buys our herd of ten Registered and high

ra e cows, a as 3 to 8 yrs. 6 milkin two months,



4 wfil freslhen wit iii 30 t%8i{ldlays. 1Ille‘iffd $31113 rgiold,

b ca ves re . u re . 6 er, .3. e ers

“u“ m eitosr. p. fissv‘sv son, Caro, Mich?





Harwood’s White Faces





KEEP ON 508019

A Ton Bull Heads the Herd



The beef cattle of the day. Only 2 yearling

bulls left. My 1918 crop of bulls ready for sale.

Will share a few females. You can not make

abetter investment I wish to thank my cus-

tomers for past favors.



lonia, Mich.





‘ JAY HARWOOD, -:-





- Btro in the blood of

likewood Hetefords Anxie‘tg “bl the strain

that breeds true to type and predominates the leading

chow and sale rings of the country. A few high class

when: balls- for (gale. Sggegee. and compare. Farm

inn!" “1' ' E. J. rhinos. Fremont. Mich.





HEREFORDS





i :08 and all for sale also horned and 0

Balladubmls in para . Governor by Prince



Id ’ ' Lad . Militant Farmer ,by

fax Farmer by Militant





 





 

 





'n

sci-dc.





: , armor

namby‘f'





 





08,-,Paw’l’sticb. ’





air

crisctlon Fairfax. .H





 





In Business Our 118 Yours We II III





 





; KING OF REMEDIES





 

 





   

 

 





, 3:: suffering. lune and .

~ 't hold beck—we riskto

ently cure mule. work homer





trott omegboncfl‘horo

VIN " Knee.Ankpl:





 





 





' aired. Erica stance.

TROYCHBIICAI. 60.. 320 Stats “W Y.



' Everywhere" sell Saw, '3 ,

,crwucdbyl’amll’oucrmpsidl





 





 





HAT planshave you made for

W the farrowing season, only a

short time away? Have you

done everything within your reach that

will save you the most pigs, and make

you the most money? It has been truly

said many times, “minute's have been

dollars to the hog owner.” There is

nothing in the hog crop that yields

such large returns as the time spent

in proper care and management of the

brood sow previous, at, and shortly af-

ter farrowing time. >

To begin with, every brood sow own-

er should have a record of the date

his sow was bred. Then he knows that

sixteen weeks from that tmie under

normal conditions he can expect his

sow to farrow. This keeping of rec-

ords is very important for how often

has many a farmer left the old sow g0,

forgot all about this valuable creature,

and much to his surprise, walked

around the straw stack on a certain

morning and found a nice litter of pigs.

Or, as in one case that I remember

where .a farmer forgot all about that

he owned some brood sows, and one of

which farrowed her litter one night

near the water in a creek. IA storm

came up during the night, the stream

rose and washed the litter away, only

to be found two days after on the bot-

tom of the creek. Why? Just because

he was too negligent to scratch down

a few figures at the time of breeding.

Now it seems to me that was pretty

dear experience and mighty poor bus-

inss. Should our business houses to-

day proportionately make such mis-

takes they would be forced to the wall.

But the farmer will persist in doing

his old way.



Granting that we know the date our

sow is to farrow, a week or ten days

previous, the sow shOuld be put in her

,own pen by herself. Her new home

should not be too large nor too small,

one 9x6 feet or 10x8 feet is about right.

It_ should be warm and comfortable

and protected from all drafts. A guard

rail should be around the outside edge.

One made from a 2x4 with the edges

rounded so that the bottom edge is

about six inches: from the floor and

about four inches from the wall meets

the requirements. The pigs then can

get in under the 2x4 and the old sow

cannot crush them. Next the pen

should be thoroughly cleaned of all

dirt and manure. Then a good sprink4

ling of some coal tar dip or other disin-

fectant is a mighty good practice. It

makes one feel as though he was mak-

ing a healthful home for the sow. Af-

ter sprinkling, plenty of clean straw

should be put in the pen. From obser-

vation I have noticed that the straw

that is broken up is much. better than

the coarse stiff straw. The mortgage

lifter will make her own bed to suit

herself and you need not worry about

that part. About three days before the

sixteen weeks-is upit is a geod plan





“tinue to do so until she farrows. each

time putting dry straw back in the pen“.

One should be Careful ”,not to give'her

too much, just enough for a medium

bed, as tea much makes it‘hard fer- the

young pigs to crawl over and many





3 times, "they“érawminder itandyi the

methancrushes them WWQQ‘T‘ - '





 





 





ifs





how sugarcane be,





to take out all wet straw and to con-.





 





 





 





The Breed Sow at Farrow-

ing Time «By Geo. F. Henning,]r. ’





these first ten days. She should be

petted, rubbed and made to believe

she was the most important animal on

the farm so that she will grunt with

contentment when anyone is around.

It is only' by such treatment that one

can get in the. pen and handle the

young. She knows the herdsman is

her friend and will do her no harm.

Her feeding is equally as important.

She should have been fed rather liber-

ally on a protein ration all through

the gestation period. But‘ now she

should by all means be fed on a pro-

tein ration but rather light. A good

ration'is one made of skim-milk and

middlings or a little bran. Then it is

a good plan to feed a little charcoal to

satisfy that mineral desire so charac-

teristic of hogs. By feeding a rather

liberal protein ration now the pig eat-

ing instinct is often exterminated

which many times causes the old sow

to go to the shambles. Three to four

days before farrowing the ration

should be rather laxative in nature and

the last day should be extremely light

so she will not have a full stomach

when giving birth to her young.

- At farrowing time some breeders say

stick right with your sow, and as each

pig is born see that it gets a teat and

is started right on its porky road. Then

too, in case the sow has any trouble

one can give veterinary attention or

call one who can. Others say stay

away and leave the sow alone, as you

disturb her, make her nervous and

fretful. I believe and have found it

to be a good practice if, during warm





weather and with a guard rail around





your pen one need not worry, but dur-

ing the cold weather it is best to be

on the joband lose no time in getting

the pig to the teat and if real cold it

is many times advisable to dry the

newly born pigs with a warm blanket.

Too often pigs have frozen to death

where, by a few hours of close atten-

tion, many a dollar could have been

saved. .



All feeds after farrowing should be

kept away from the sow for at least

twelve hours, and she should be left

entirely alone. She has passed through

a critical period, is sick and in a fev-

ered condition.

she should not be fed before twenty-

four hours but that is too long. From

twelve to eighteen hours she can be

fed a light slop of skim-milk and mid-

dlings or a light gruel. It must be re—

membered that the udder is full of

milk and by feeding too soon many

times serious results Show themselves.

Sows have. died from such feeding,

and inevitably the pigs will get the

scours. It takes from‘ three to four

days to bring the sow up to full feed

and after that time you can commence

to feed liberally for you then are on

your way to perk success. -



Briefly concluding, treat the sow as





she shOuld be for' you can well afford .





to do so,_use every precaution at far-

rowing time because too often minutes





at‘the critical time have cost owners _





unknown dollars, and finally use just

plain commOn sense andthe old breed





sow will bring you'a'liandsome reward.





 





 

 





. In a is}





 





 

 

 





 

 

 





bagging.- ~





m z





4:;





   

   

 





Some breeders think.





 





«‘Mitvfi" “WA .. “
Milking





Herd estab. by Prof. 0.3.311





Shorthorn Breeder





Shorthorns





 





bred young bulls

nths old. .

Tecumseh. Mich.





Show... gm





, 10

DAVIDSON a iiunm





Williamston. Mir-h. young bulls

Sher-thorns bred for milk beef.

mess. Mich.Agrl.Oollese.





Breeders Asso.

lea for

Mich.





ossmary Farms.

mostly for service.





“3“"? ’S‘its‘i?"h°” 11 f

0 or n a a ages. emu

le Write Oscar Skinner. Sec. Gowen.





 





No stock for sale





at present.

CHAS. WARNER. Jr. Imlay City. Mich.





100 head to select from. Write

me your wants. rice reasonable.

Wm. J BELL. Pkose City. Mich.





 





   

 

       





 

 





 





 

 





 





 





 

 

 





more





-

r g ‘ em The K91“ 00.3110111th Breeders have both males

and iemxgles for sale. Ask about theta.

“wney LJH. LEONAR Sec. - - Caledonia. ich.





molt





 





Milking





 

 





Bates breeding and





Shorthorns of best

for sale 1 mo. to 1





O. I. O. swine. Bulls

E. H. KU





Hathpshire Hogs





for sale. 8 dell 'eries

ELI srnofi'd'ih a lion.





0. 3. “Kim. B.





The International G



pion Hosted; 1918.



boo now.

Basin aw. W. 8., M“.





rand Oham.

both sous





 

 

 

 





 





BAVEstm-tedthonsandsof ontheroadm

success. I can help you. I want to





place «remit-our

my great herd in very community where amrot

°' a?





Dell rite 202‘ my plan— ‘ ore oney from .

F, D, 10. Portland, Michigan





0





 





 





 





 

 

   





 

 





 





 

 

 





 

 

 





 

 





 

 





organs and makes more hog—money for you.





 





 





 

   

   

 

 

 





Why lose money i...eedi





Worms are the worst cadsc of big hog loss. They m, on. an Mam. Mm

cut down your profits, because practically bogs :

n. have warm- I knew or. from my 26 years of Hazel::93;.§rr:.u§v.th°ahrut‘:t.‘..2*:3£:.:i: 0......“ a

‘ veterinary practice. I also know that my Hog ~ 0‘11“ “may ”Worm-“1°“- the ham

‘ ’9 Prescription is a deadly enemy of worms—it doe: . Grills For Salt Stock... at feeders. mm 5m to Breed The BBSt _ 0.1%.:

,_. th_mrl—rida hogs of worms, tones up the digestive rsilb‘h‘fl’mi‘n’b‘h.miiuh‘éi‘ii'lowa. mggrnflgggs LARGE





   





 

 





 

   

 

 





- 2b 11 l .5 d9 .ld.slred

‘, It is the supreme remedy for nearly all hog ailments. A first- 2:?“ 5?? iii“ rééd‘ézgnnoafcgfdg firfigra.

classtonicand blood purifier tat producer and worm-expeller. - - - . - - - 0m“ ' c -



= .2} Good for many once of so-cslled cholera in hogs, such as diar-





rhea, bowel trouble, kidney worms, etc.





Don't tolerate worm, rents and costly

feed loss—try my I». Proocription





At my risk





it does what I say.





 

   

   

   

   

 

 

 





I‘ 8n lttods -ll on don't'lilnd so to yourdealer

". lodges ii: mo’ne! back. one whom; '25 lb. nails. . lbs.

$10.00. e no or o! ion-keep my Hog Prescription on



Stock and Poultry Remedies are handled by tom





hand. . [guests

homsnd dealers. never by peddle“.

m.nnmmsonc..,112m.ascumm . ..

Dr. fl'fiw’dm iflfixxy/lflb

i z” '

.1





DthGear's “

Hog Prescmtm





 





 

 

 





 





 





I

.‘.‘“u





 





\





a

i





 





’

V“

\ .





 





4']...





nnfi

Wraitpulyfial.

t» ‘3: “Imus—no?!





I \\\.‘l'\\‘§“\\\“b VX1033





 





It pays to make your own stock tonic, condition powder. etc.





' ‘ with your own ssh or cereal the

T“ Ton-MIX year around a s heal .

A u. “0.00 worth .4



tonic" -- saves you





bl

. by post will medic-ts a his:

salt or 900 lbs. of cereal tor cows. horses. hop. and sheep.





PARSONS CHEMICAL WORKS

Grand Lodge. Mickie”:





Leona Park Farms Experiment Station





 





 





 





 





 

 





HOLSTElN DISPERSION SALE





Monday, April 14, 1919, 1 P. M.

40 Registerodfl‘lolstein Cattle’nnd 12 High-grades

Headed by Long Beach Johanna Rue Lad. No. 199838

The records of his two nearest dams average: Butter, 7 days, 30.48 lbs.

The am, a 30 lb. cow, is a sister to Finderne Pride Johanna Rue, 1470.59

lbs. butter in 1 yr., also sister to the dam of Sofia Payne Johanna (50.68

lbs. butter in 7 days). The worlds record cow. A R. 0. cows in this

sale from 19 lb. 2 yr. old to 23.82 lb. full age.

All animals over 6 months old tuberculin tested, b state-approved

veterinarian. Sale at Fair Acres Farm, 3 miles north 0 Ann Arbor. on

Whitmore Lake road. Free transportation. For catalog. write





BRAUN shamans; n. a. 1. Ann Arbor. Mich. COL. n. L. PERRY. Auctioneer





Fulton County Breeders





Consign Fifty Registered Holsteins





- To Be Sold At

. Wauseon, Ohio, April 1 5th’ 1 9

2 bulls readfi





45 females. most of which are bred. 25 soon to freshen.

Vice.by 30 pound sires and out of high record dams. 2 richly bred bu calves.

EV??? animal is tuberculin tested and is under Federal supervision. This

is LTON COUNTY Breeders first consignment. We have stuck to the

Motto “Not Ho and we hope you will appreciate





Man‘s But How Good"

L. .Connell, Jay C. Burr. Wm. Biddle, Everett Spring.





 





for ser-





 





 





 





 





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





 





Don’t Buy A Bull

But

Buy This Sire





Here is a very straight 6 months Old

calf out of ashow cow that has an A.

R. 0. record of 27.09 lbs. butter,607

lbs. milk in 7 days and a big milker

for the year. His sire is a 39 [b.5011

of the famous $50,000 bull.

If you want a real sire that Will

make you money write





LAKE SIDE DAIRY





 





 





 





nod feeding scrub hog?

Twoofosro. LC. logs:

'oilhod 28 0‘ Pounds.

We are the most sxtcnsivehreed

and shippers of pure bred hogs i

Write today for the true story 0 he

0. l. C All pments





We have bred the 0. l. C. Hogs since 186!

and have never lost .a hogwith c

or any





Chesters,





ning stock prices it‘ll





THE WORLD’S CHAMPION





bin t!





{g



on



n the world.

real





 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 





Hogs. foreign

U. 8. Government Inspected





lera





'31“

”TODAY-

for! FREE 300‘

”The lot from Birth to Sale"





m L. B. SILVER CO.

I“ Heidi‘s 'l‘e-sls lids.

CLEVELAND. onto





March



airs or tries from p

b e satisfaction guaranteed.

LEXANDER. Vassar. Mich.





other contagious disease.





a d A ri in

. . or...

sons

W. A





0 0.1.08. Stock of all was for sale. Bord

.3514, Worl s Champion 0. I.

hoolmaster. G he





undefeated Senior





heads by Galloway Edd

O. boar assisted by C. 0.

ion boar of Michigamflow York a

airs. 0 0. Giant Buster.

boar pig wherever shown and Grand Chamfpion 0! 0k-

iahoma state fair. Get our catalogue o Grandell's

prize hogs, Cass City. MiohiganJ ape Elw-





I O

O. l. C. and Chester White Swme

Strict] Big Type with QUALITY. I am sold out of

event in. but full pigs. These p' are as good—and

I think better than any I ever br . I am one of the





 





 





PRINIEVAL FARM. 05880. Mich.





Bums Opportunity





What would the earning capacity of a Brook-

water Boar be in our herd? A mid-west breeder

states that the rookwater boar he used added

from $75 to $100 to every gilt bred to him.

It payed this man to use one of our boars it will





My Y0“-



Wo have several that we are offering at prices which



appeal to the small breeder who must of necessity

er. We have a few that are





be a conservative buy

(cod enough to be used in high class herds at

n individuality and





prices in keeping with their i

breedinx. Money invested in a good herd boar

very speedilyv increases the value not only of

.what you sol but what you keep. Send for price

list Or better. visit the farm.

BROOKWATER FARM Ann Arbor, Mich.

nuansm F0315 owner.





T w. MUM

J. BRUCE HENDERSON. Manager.





ServiceableB

==





UROO Jersey‘s-A few extra good fall boarslsired by

Orion Cherry King Col. 2nd. Bred sows all sold.

W. C. TAYLOR. Milan. Mich.





Registered Duroc Gills





adiagI





 

 

 





Descendants of the le

Defender. ofCol'





Col. Defender t e as tin")!

mler Col. '1‘. N 81021. Da fendross _No.





mm one of the most pro-wining herd boars

Prices reasonable. rite for prices and fur-

B. 1. Bailey. Mich.





or information.

5 O D U R O C





HE J ENNINGB FARMS.

bred sows and 60 fall pigs. You need a litter by Orion's





strains: Cherry King.

0 Professor. sllbred to

Melina. Pal's Pre-





 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 





F‘sne King the biggest p3 of his a over at Interna-

tiona fat stock s ow. at to ls all.

NEWTON BARBIE '1‘. St. Johns. Mich





 

 

 





 





 

 





OAKWOOD FARM





Nothing for sale at fifesent booking orders for spring

ayer and Gel Model breedln .





 

 

 

 





 





 





‘y





0. 00A

LII. ”id.





be??? I. Am‘mml'ad





”WELL Shamans





Shorthorns





\f-





0

101111!!! to the Estate of the late A. D. Flintom.

Kansas City. Mo. About Feb. lst. we will odor a





r a z k.

'3' ”dun Mofyounchullstorsalo





late“. He “$2111.. 9‘“ ‘Dumw' T“ soon 3309.. Romeo. um

Fairfax am a herd. 0 V

""“"" - - “aéfl‘emm Richland Farms " " dgggdgfififidfm





Home of the Mich. Champions. We have lost

the entire t Seotchcattle bo-





 

 





 





 

 





ROC JERSEYS





June furrow of the heavy boned type

her sexlpairs not akin. .

F. J. BODT. B. 1. Monroe. “10):.





 





DU





Guts bred for

also fall plus elt





 

 

 





 





 

 





 





 

 





 





 





 





 





 

 





 





 





_ nus-mood Scotch us . SONS Du" o... Mine is bred to Brook-

; “altar; .“ipgffn‘ifhig’fi:fim'§l§; g‘x'kg‘ OEce at Towns City. Mich. Farms at Presooiit. Mich. Brookw Miro): W1 113:5.“ (ill fit-ilwztmttillisrmtg

. iil'cni'n:°iiiium1“"°f on». ""°""’“' "m' For 3.1. horls a 33:11? to??? {at International). oim'fi. Edmond: imam. Mich

. , . n on s ro



Brown}; sroa‘t‘ FARM, fimmfiévw E; W PM a" .n .3... w... m. m...

a.» I" I ”m “I". a -» " w m “ J03. aiiiiimLLna. Weidman. Mich.





 

 

 

 





tool's ave.





"in





 





WW' HMScxieralc





 





\ ‘ " '3 n. “I. rs ave. ”I ilbs.

‘ m...“ ,i . .' , ' ‘ to: ‘ ovo- lbs. '

2 can £011: curmr inca' reds and

Mo and manual}. Wspollo





 

 





m

,. lg





 





 





Smokers & Feeders For Sale





mass.

M VJ '5 "3.: ’Ott'iigvs. Is.





 





Duroe mas” of thebizbonedtypefall





c is. to

CHAS. hiiuf‘ ode-on.

, rs t a Main bred/dill





 





her so:





173:- 3‘3.





 





 

 

 

 





 





 





LAKE ODESSA’ M‘CH' Oldest breeders of Bi Type in the U. S.

NEW’MAN'S S’l'OO FARM. Ki, Mariette. Mich.

H065 ’ big type serviceable boars. Yearling

91.133.33.53" “d ““5 m“ "13' “"2?!" iii“?!

' . . . . - - ansv e. c .

' Boats and White Le -

erltshlre horn Cookers . 3





ed Gilt: All Sold.





H. W'. MANN. Dansville. Mich.





r0. 1. c. Br





Large fall pigs

Rockford. Mich





O I C Bear. 14 months old.

0 ' - of either sex.





0. J. THOMPSON. -

9w fail

(3.0.1).

Mich





I. C. Gilts bred for summer furrow and a f



s boar pigs n yofthem Eoodenou h tnship.

F. C. BUBG 88. R. ' Mason.



2 choice yearling boars.





0.1. C’S. srln

Fifilfi. Monroe.Mich.





CLOVER LEAF ST

9 2 last July and 4 last So t.

o. I. C0 S boars. good growthy fellogs.





Farm H mile west of Depot.

OTTO B. SOHULZE. Nashville. Mich.





FRANCISCO FARMS





SHORTHORN5--POLAND CHINAS'

Three choice heifers and a few young cows to Oifer.

Also fine good gilts bred for late springfarrow. Prices

are attractive.





9





 





P. P. POPE. Mt. Piesant. Mich.

We have been b eedi B'

For 25 Year. Tvpe Poland (Shinamzhog





es. Our new herd boar



find son Of the at

us Queen 2". me



t a few fall p at

Portland. lch.





of the most approved blood in

“Michigan Buster" is a mighty

“Giant Buster". dam “Mouw's

breeding! We are all sold out ex



8%.“) each. J. 0. BUTLE





Big Type Poland Chinas

A m‘lb. Aug. ”firing and a few 2‘30 lb. Apr. .

Quality stu . re red. and cholera immune. rod

for Mar. and Apr. furrow.



WESLEY HILE. B. 8. Ionis. Mich.

Hi





bred guts sold. For sale herd boar gospect 17 mo.

m





- old. it . up lb. with qualit . sire tutor at,

sold for 8'1me reason

Par-ms. . E. LIYIN





dam emo L. W40 an lb. sow in flesh.

able. Free very from

GBTON. Pal-ms. Mich.





 





with quality. For

sale. summer a





Big Poland Chinas





tail slits. open or bred.

-G. A. BAUMGABDNER. B. 2. Middleville. Hick.

L S





. nlso 1 fall boa

row. H. 0. SWARTZ.

mu. on.





sale but Fifi





P. 0. Brad sows all sold. 2 boars ready forsorvieo

r. and tall 'ltstobreedforfall far— '

. 1. Schoolcraft. Hint.»

ion herd of Big Type P.O.Nothln¢ for.





limitsR orders booked for string'm





. LEONARD. 8t.

1. ty 9. or.“ boars the big roliflceki their

Balsam; traces best is mph. III In ."





 





 





tothe e . u .

C. E. GABNANT. Eaton Rapids. Mich.

arse Type P.0.Nothina to l .Wll

L m with be . .1... ”133311. Iiiiliifi

counts. W. J. HAGELSHAW. Augusta. Id

V

' boar sndbrod its. “one.

BWT Po Cs Au.flflllh:‘ it

A. A. W088 l SON. - - - Balm





 





Type P. O. Oboioebred sows from Iowas greatest

herds. the b bone rollde kind withsiao and

Quality. E. J. hml’vsou. Burro-k. lick.

Poland‘ 11 id .n.’

83% ’ hast-:10: 3‘3" m at.

monotonous. L. Ohamborlaln. us. lhh.‘

Mammoth $9.2“ gm- 3&3





. Jones heads out herd. Olm‘Wssver. Oerssoo. ‘





 





 

 





HI.” ‘ ,as. “amnion.





xv "‘
SI? ~ ark-J‘jllli





”Wv ~...,. ._ -__..__





SECOND EDITION.





The markets in this edition were re-

vised and corrected on Thursday afc

ternoon, April 3.





WHEAT.





Wheat values make another good ad-

vance. The demand is firm and steady

from both domestic and foreign sourc-

es. Michigan millers are finding it a

little difficult to secure ample supplies

of winter wheat from. this state, al—

though spring wheat stocks are ample.

The visible supply decreased 9,400,000

bushels last week. The growing crop

is in high condition and the abandoned

acreage will probably be the smallest

on record. One year ago No.’ 2 red

‘wheat was quoted on the local market

at $2.17 per bushel. Present Detrmt

prices are:



No.2red..... ...... ....$2.45

No. 2 mixed ............ 2.43

No. 2 white ............ 2.43





CORN.





Corn prices fluctuated last week but

the general situation shows the trade

to be steady to firm. On the last day





 





of March there was heavy buying at‘





advanCed prices. The attempt to bear

the market with news of proposed 1m-

portations from Argentine failed, inas-

much as all contracts for corn from

the South American country were

made subject to strike interference.

Farmers are not delivering corn 111

quantities, believing that it is yet more

profitable to feed the grain. A year

ago No. 2 corn sold on the local mar-

ket at $1.60. Present Detroit quota-





, tions are:

No. ‘7 corn ............. $1.65

No. ‘ yellow ............ 1.70

No. . yellow....... ..... 1.65

in). ' )‘t‘llOW’ ............ 1.63

No. ‘ yellow ..... 1.60

No. ' white

At Chicago trading is active‘and

prices advance over those prevailing

at the close of last week as follows:

No. 3 yellow $1.591A2@1.621/2; No. 4

yellow $1.571,12@1.59; No. 5 yellow

$1.551/2@1.56; May $1.571/8; July





1.45%.

OATS.





With a good supply of oats still in

farmers’ hands and a quantity under

government control that may be plac-

ed on the market, the tone of the oat

deal has been easy, with quotations

slightly below those of last week. Mil-

lers however, are buying the grain.

The visible supply decreased 2,473,000

bushels during the week. A year ago

standard cats were quoted at 950

per bushel. Present Detroit quotations

are as follows:



Standard ....... ..........70

No.3 white ..... ....s.....691/z

No.4white ...... .........'681/3





BEANS.





A very substantial advance in the

price of beans is noted for the past

week. The demand has improved

throughout the country. Domestic con-

sumption is expanding, export buyers

are busy and speculators are taking



~hold of the market. Boston reports

better interest in the trade with prices

slightly higher for Michigan pea beans

at $7.50@8 a. bushel. Philadelphia also

reports slightly higher prices with the

Michigan pea beans at $7@7.75. New

York is receiving very limited ship-

ments with the demand and movement

improving. Michigan pea beans have

advanced in the metropolis up to $8.

Chicago has a better market with

Michigan choice hand-picked at $7.50

. @7100. The Detroit Board of Trade

quotes immediate and prompt ship-

ment at $7.75, which is an advance of

750 in the past six days. At Michigan

points the quotations to farmers are

generally at $6@7. Over 2,500 tons of

beans, were shipped from New York

‘ City to England in the last two weeks.

.' Rocky ountain jobbers' association

, reports 0,000 lbs. of white and 13,170,-

000: lbs. pintos hel dby elevators .and

growers in Colorado.





FEEDS.





.. Quotations remain about steady‘ as

‘ follows: Bran $46; standard middlings

46; fine middlings $50; coarse corn

‘ eal $64; cracked corn $67.50; chop-

Ded is (1 $52 per ton in loo-lb. sacks

do jobber-s. . . -





' is added to the price of





ill I.’ Ill.-





liimhuei





clover seed as follows: Prime red

clover $29.50; alsike $25; timothy $5.





Market firm at advanced prices. No.

1 timothy $29.50@30; standard $28.50

@29; No. 2 timothy $27.50@28; No. 1

mixed $27.50@28; No. 1 clover $25.50





@26 per ton.

UTI'ER.





Prices have recovered some of the

loss sustained last week. At Detroit

fresh creamery stock is now selling to

jobbers at 61@620; at Chicago cream-

ery is now at 55@631/.»c. The New York

market rules. steady at 64@671/2c for

creamery stock. The Philadelphia

trade advances again with western

creamery extras at 67c.





POTATOES.





The movement of potatoes has been

on a liberal scale the past few days,

the result of an improved general de





llEll mgr-gr unis—gin 93—39! :4?" '





mand. Wednesday 531 cars, of which'

43 were in Michigan, left producing

sections. Growers are receiving at

Michigan warehouses for U. S. grade:

No. 1 bulk $1.25@1.40 per cwt. At De-

troit this grade goes to jobbers at $2.65

@275 per 150-11). sack; in Cleveland

$3@3.10; in Pittsburgh $3.15; in 001-

umbus $3.15@3.25; in Chicago $1.606),

1.70 per cwt; in Indianapolis $1.95@

2; in Cincinnati $1.90@2.





EGGS.





Consumption is expanding about as

rapidly as receipts increase, and prices

show little change. At Detroit fresh

first are jobbing at 401/2c; extra firsts

in new cases at 41c. At Chicago firsts





are quoted at 38%@39%c; ordinary,





firsts 38@381,éc. Nearby western stock

brings 42@58c in New York and west-

ern firsts and western extra firsts have

advanced in Philadelphia to $12.15@

12.45 per case.





 





 





Live Stock Market Service





 





 





Reports for Thursday, April 3rd





. BUFFALO.



Wooled lambs sold at $20.25@20.40;

clipped lambs $17.50; calves went to

$20.50; pigs $20; other hogs $21; the

cattle trade continues steady.





DETROIT

Cattle.





Receipts 2,897. Market is steady at

last week’s closing prices.

Best heavy steers ........ $14.00@16.00

Best handy wt bu strs.. 12.50@13.50

Mixed steers and hefiers 12.00@13.00

Handy light butchers. . . . 10.50@11.50

Light butchers .......... 8.50@10.00

Best cows .............. 10;00@11.50

Butcher cows 8.50@ 9.50

Best heavy bulls ........ 9;50@11.00

Bologna bulls , .......... 8.50@ 9.50

Feeders ................. 1000601300

Stockers , 8.00@10.00

Milkers and springers. . . .$ 65@ 120



Veal Calves.

Receipts 2,161. Market strong.

. ................ 1.. 17.25@18.00

.................. 1100501400

Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts 1,999. Market dull.

Best lambs ............. $19.50@20.00

Fair lambs . 18.00@18.50

Light to common 14.00@16.00

7.00@ 9.00





coo-co





connect-





Receipts 7,856. Pigs steady and

mixed 100 higher. ‘

Pigs

Mixed





CHICAGO.





Hogs.



Estimated receipts today 26,000;

holdover 4,162. Early trade mostly 10

@15c higher; closing weak. Pigs 25

@500 higher. Bulk of sales $19.95@

20.20; tops $20.30; heavy, 250 lbs up,

medium, good and choice at $20.15@

20.30; medium, 200 to 250 lbs, medium,

good and choice $19.90@20.25; light,

150 to 200 lbs, common, medium, good

and choice $19.60;20.25; light lights,

130 to 150 lbs,vcommon, medium, good

and choice $18.25@20; heavy packing

sows, 250 lbs up, smooth $19.25@19..75;

packing sows, 200 lbs up, rough $17.75

@19; pigs, 130 lbs down, medium, good

and choice $17.25@18.75.



Cattle.



Estimated receipts today 11,000.

Beef steers, good butcher she stock

opening slow, early sales steady. Can-

ners, bulls and feeders strong; calves

250 higher. Beef steers, medium and

heavy weight, 1,100 lbs up, choice and





prime $17.90@20.40; do medium and .





good $13.85@18,25; do common $11.50

@14; light weight, 1,100 lbs. down,

good and choice $15.10@18.50; do com-

mon and medium $10@15.25; butcher

cattle, heifers, common, medium, good

and choice $9.75@15.75: cows, com-

mon, medium, good and choice $7.40@

15.50; bulls, bologna and beef $8.‘25@

13; canners and cutters, cows and belt-

ers $5.75@7.40; do canner steers $7@

8; veal calves, light and handywelght,

medium, . and choice . $13.25@

15.50; to er, steeracommon, medium,





,good and choice $10’@10.50:j 00'ng





steers, common. medium.‘ 8°“





choice “26018.25 stacker outs and





heifers, common, medium, good and

choice $8@10.50; stocker calves, com-

16303, medium, good and choice at $7.75



1 . .



Sheep and Lambs.



Estimated receipts today 16,000.

Sheep steady to higher; Colorado-fed

Mexican ewes $15.75; western wethers

$17.25; lambs steady to higher. Lambs

84 lbs. down, medium, good, choice and

prime $18.50@20.50; do 85 lbs up, me-

dium, good, choice and prime $18@

20.40; do culls and common $14@18;

yearling wethers, medium, good, choice

and prime $16.25@19; ewes, medium,

good and choice $12.25@15.75; ewes,

dull and common $6@12.25; breeding

ewes, full mouths to yearlings $16.25.





BUFFALO.





,Cattle.

Wednesday, April 2.



Receipts ten cars ; slow. Prime strs

$17@18; fair to good $16@17; plain

and medium $13@15; yearlings $15@

16.50; best handy, steers $14.50@16;

fair to good $12.50@14; light and com-

mon $10®11; best heavy heifers $13

@1375; good butching heifers $12@

13; fair butcher heifers $10.50@11;

light, common $8@9; fancy fat cows

$11.50@12; best fat cows $10.50@11;

good butchering cows $9@10; medium

to fair $7.75@8.50; cutters $6@6.25;

canners $5.25@5.50; best bulls $11@

11.50; good butchering bulls $10@

10.25; sausage bulls $8@9; light bulls

$7@8; best feeding steers $11.50@

12.50; common to fair $10@11; best

stockers $116712; fair to good $925617

9.75; common $8.75@9; milkers and

springers $75@150.



Calves.



Market $1 higher; top’s $20; others-



$7@18.50. -

Hogs.



Receipts 20 cars; market is higher.

Heavy and yorkers $20.50@20.75; pigs

and lights $20.



Sheep and Lambs.



Receipts ten cars; market is strong.

Wool lambs $20.35; clipped $17.25@

17.50; yearlings $176018; wethers

$15.75@16.50; ewes $12.50.





The Threshing Problem

Snlve Threshes cowpeas and soy beans





from the mown vines. wheat.



oats. rye and barley. A perfect



combination machine. Nothing like it. '1



“The machine I have been looking for for myesrn."

W. F. Massey. “It will meet every demand." 11. A.

Morgan, Director Tenn. Exp. Sta. Booklet 38 free.



Koger Pea a. B :1 make:- Co. J





 





 





MORRISTO N. T





 





 





 





 





O 0

Direct Prepaid 3

Send no money with

order. State size and

quantity wanted. We

will send you tubes

on approval Every-

guaranteed, or your

money back. .

This is just an ex-

ample of the bar-

gains you can

of. on all Auto

applies direct

from Detroit.

Write to-dsy.

Bargain-Bulletin Free





HARVARD AUTO SUPPLY CO.

114 Harvard Building Detroit, Michigan





CULOTTA & ‘ JUL].





Eastern Market, Detroit, Mich.





We need your shipments of Poultr . Veal. Dressed

Hogs. Live Roasting Pigs, E gs. ive Rabbits and

Game. Highest prices possibe obtained on arrival.

We can handle your Potatoes, Onions Apples, Cabb-

fie and root crops, carlote or less. Y'our shipments

ll be appreciated and have our best care on atten-

an you don't have to wait for your money.

Reference Peninsular State Bank.





Mr. POULTRY FARMER:





We make a specialty of White Hennery Eggs and .

have created a. profitable market for your eggs the

year around. We pay the highest premium for your

Hennery Whites—We remit same da shipments

arrive. Ship Often-Shlp by xpuu

GEO. R. ELDRIDGE CO.

494-18“: Street, Detroit, Mich.





Remember! We guarantee you satisfaction with every shipment.





WE” BUY ---- WE SELL





WHEAT CORN

OATS BRAN-Middlings

RYE FEEDS



Can-loads





Ask for circular “July Oats Investments."

— — — Member Chicago Board of Trade -— -— -





CARPENTER GRAIN CO.

Battle Creek Michigan





llolmes,Stuwe Co., 445 RiopelleSl.





Commission Merchants. Dressed Beef. B . calves.

Poultrv. Live a Dressed, Provisions,,otc. orres n-

dence Boliclted. Ref. Wayne County l Home Snv ngc

Bank, Bradstreet. Detroit, Mich. Csd.2878.





HA'





Wanlad:





1. 95

for30x3





 





tlon.





 





 





 





 





Shlp To The om Reliable Houlo

Daniel Mchffrey’s Sons. .‘

623-625 Wnbuh Bldg. Ptmbunh Pu.





 





Mlchi an 90 to 1% pound-healthy pigs in car

lots. 9 buy them all year. e .

Danvllle Stock Hog Co. Danville, Illinois.





 





I will condition a Horse or





Cow in twelve days.

Put flesh on its bones. Give it life

and vigor. Can add 50% to looks

and value. Satisfaction guaranteed or no pay.

Send postal for free ofi'er.





P. M. FAUST, BRYN MAWR, PA.

TREES Plant for Profit “$53





All Kinds Trees And Plants. -GROW



Grow your own fruit. Improve value and appearance



of farm and home. Plant this oping. Largo stock.

sch. pear. etc. Choice trees.





up is.

Write ells’ Nursery, Beverly, Ohio

W-A-N-T- E-D





Reliable single man toworh in cow barn, registered

olstein . modern eauipped barnl on our line

00 ker.





near Detro t. Must. be an

DEEP-RUN STOCK FSRM. Birmingham. Mich.





POULTRY





WhiteW andottee fo hat hi , .

Oka per-15 31 .(X) per lwggraepald. c ng :2 w

E. w. BANKS, n.3, Box 178. Lansing, Mich.





93°11? GEoldon’d IWhite Wyanfiotgaos mfrom 11511135 q llallty

oc . g y . preps - r . .00



WASH) per g. C. mening, 3.2. Rgrtland, Mipcgf

Pekln dueks.elther can“. each Mammoth Bronze





tnrkeys,Toulodce goose. .C.W.1.e orn k .

Berkshire gilts and sows. Chm Stock [$.Msgflfteffilfi.

Tommy for





White Holland T he



Wm. '1‘. ‘sonnonpnn, R. 33.0; 79, sgbeggigg ,ch.



. fro hi .1 , _ .



Eggs yawning?“gastritis?“ hm

- L adinc. Mich.





Mrs. E. n. WILLITS,



' Bronze Turke e '34 for 10 T

Mammoth $6.00 Houses “55% hi; ‘ m"

3.»... RALPH Wish. P.o.-Box151, glitiniven. Mich.





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





 





Dispersion Sale of Holst—ems



, ~ .55 Gem tame Heifers .. _



By THE FRICKE {DAIRY COMPANYmeninton, Mich.

0n the Grand Truck R. 8. At the Ffrm WMflehlorthoquflint°m





*1 .oo‘ 1».





 





For Em





0‘ .
, pounds, while good to choice 860 to





 





 





stat, series otjanction‘saiss or '

government wools . under ‘1‘): mtg:





mm level or prices co

fiversultnhat the market for the better





grades

below the





in a“; ”3° O‘Delsines sold on a basis

of 60@740 in the grease; half~blogdes





e um

agrgtvsilyes. Heretofore the big mills

have had little competition from the





ler manufacturer's. As regards the

181:}: clip it is too early to predict the

probable level ’of values..Some trading

has been done on the quiet but neither

the dealers nor the growers have set

any mark upon which general dealing

might be based. The successful auc-

tion sales held in Philadelphia and

Boston have Convinced western sheep

men that a strong market should ob-

tain this season, and it is probable that

as a result of this feeling, selling will

not start in at as low a figure as woul





have prevailed had dealers bid less *





anxiously for the government stocks.

At the present time there is approxx-

mately 487,000,000 pounds of wool to

be disposed of. .





.__.__.___.__.——-——--—

EATON COUNTY SHORTHORN

BREEDERS ORGANlZE.





 





The Shorthorn breeders of Eaton

county met March 25 at the office of

County Agent Farrand to perfect an

organization. Professor Edwards, of

M. A. 0., gave an address showing by

examples the value of cooperation, the

advantages of organization which, he

stated, resulted in more interest in in-

dividual herds, more breeders, larger

demand for pure-bred stock, coopera-

tion in purchasing pure-bred sires and

better sales through the efforts of the

organization. The seven directors are:

Edward Simpson, Chester; D. G. Cronk

of Bellevue; Nelson Space, of Grand

Ledge; Wm. Marshall, of Potterville;

Ira Zimmerman, Diamonddaie; P. J

Wilson and Laurence Otto, of Char-

lotte. Ira Zimmerman, president; Wm.

Marshall, vice-president: Laurence

Otto, secretary~treasurer.





 





NEWS OF THE WEEK.





 





(Continued from page 522).

by the postmaster-general.——About 600

Michigan men of the 85th division ar—

rive in New York and will go to Camp

Custer for discharge.——A new Portu-

guese cabinet is to be formed—The

commission on responsibility for the

war has decided to condemn the vio-

lation of neutrality and all the crimes

committed by the central powers and

to appoint an international tribunal to

judge all those responsible, including

the former German emperor.-—General

Allenby is to use his forces to restore

order in Egypt. .

Monday, March 31.



T is now expected that the peace



treaty will be signed by Easter.——A

proposal has come from the present

rulers of Russia making possible a

you“ peace which would bring Russia

into the League of Nations.—-The re-

public of Austria has banished the

houses of Hapsburg, Bourbon and Par-

ma and confiscated all property except

private incomes—Field Marshal Foch

summons German delegates to meet

him at Spa concerning the Danzig dif-

ficulty.——Korea proclaims itself an in-

dependent state and ferms a provis-

ional government in Manchuria.





HERE is much greater demand for



feeder cattle in the Chicago mar-

ket than can be supplied. The pack-

ers want steers selling at $14 and up-

ward, and stock feeders are able to

buy only a limited number of steers

weighing around 1,400 pounds at $14@

14.50 per 100 pounds. A few fleshy

weighty feeders are selling around $15

@1525, and recently a country buyer

secured some prime LOGO-pound reed-

ers at $16, but such sales are rare.

Good Shorthorn feeder steers weighing

around 700 pounds can be purchased

for $11.75@12.50, and fair steers ads!»

ted for feeding are offered at $8.50@

9, such lots averaging from 500 to G00





900-pound feeding cows are selling t

$8.50@9. , ‘





CORRECTION.





 





The advertisement of W

Farms, Orion, Mich, which red

in our issue of March 29 gave?”

paidfor abull calf sired by “Edgar d





 





 

 

 

 

 





 

 

 

 

 





 





 





Dalmeng; (Imp) as 21 guineas. It





I

read .1?le ifineasor- $.10,»





 





 





   





 





   





get the mammum milk production and best health conditions over



long milking periods, at any season of the year, tgtem should feed a ration of excep-



tional PALATABILITY and one containing WIDEST VARIETY of grain

products. which are high in quality of both protein and carbohydrate content.





Here are-two feeds that exhaustive, practical tests have proved to be the winning

combination, and which require the least time and labor to feed.





In ~SCHUMACHER FEED and BIG "Q" DAIRY‘RATION you have a combination of milk ro-

ducmg materials Which are most ideal. They furnish the five essentials of a mini dairy ration-PALAB TY

—-DIGESTABILITY—VARIETY—NUTRITION and BULK, so scientifically balanced that your cows will relish them

day after day, year in and year out, and maintain their maximum flow and keep in Vigorous, healthy condition.





scnumgnm rssn

BIG “(I’DAIRY RATION





WFEEDhasbeenthe "stand-Wandaandardofdairyfeedsforyears. Ithas to its credit moreWorld‘s

Changsha Long Distance Milk and Butter records (as the carbohydrate portion of the ration) than all other

combined. .Of 27 World’s Champion Records to its credit, 20 were on YEARLY Mm .





=‘ production means increased profits for you.





Fed in conjucfion with BIG “Q" DAIRY RATION—our new high protein feed-you have a mixture which can be made

suitable for any cow, iii any lactation condition. The secret of the exceptional merit of SCHUMACHER is in the fad:

that It supplies the energy, Somme, “back-bone" vigor, “stand-up-ability" so vitally necessary for long milking periods.





BIG “Q” DAIRY RATION is a protein feed that has more than made good the dairymen’s highest expectations—it is a

DIFFERENT protein mixture—different because its protein content is not simply so much protein, but a selection of the

RIGHT KIND, QUALITY and VARIETY of protein materials now recognized of VASTLY more importance than quantity.





'l‘rv Feeding the Followlne Sueeesled nations and Let Your Own

Cows Render the Verdict: ,.





General Ration with Ensilago or Roots ..... .. . .. . . . .{ 8:: :33: :y."sg:°g:{,§°;2,m .

To Fresh Cows wlth Green Feed. . .. . ........ { mgmggcngrggggmem

To Dry cow.........................................~. ....... l Sg'm'g,:rl'grragz':;§:§gn

Tut Iatlon ...... ....{ sagg'ggram-gum





(Increase Big "Q” Ration if cow can handle more protein without bad effects)





Now is the time .to force your milk production. Every extra pound of milk you produce by liberal main;

of the cow is two-thirds profit. That’s why it pays big to feed those two ideal feeds.





apatheupacrty





m-Qllaker Oats @mpany Address Chicago ',"U.S-A.

w





 





 





 





 





 





‘Eolule Dispersion Auction Sale





45mRegistered Holstein Freisian Cattle-«45





On mount of sickness in my family I have rented my farm and will sell without reserve my entire herd on





Monday, April 2 l , 1 9 1 9





This herd is free from con 'ous abortion and Great rand dau hters of Pontiac K '

tuberculosis, tested by authorize Shite veterinarian of A. R. 0.‘ Dams ugP to 26.74. orndyke out

under state su ervxsion, ()0 day re-test allowed. Dau hters of King Lunde Pontiac Korndyke

' Many wor d records are represented in these bred to lug Korndyke Orinsky Pontiac whose near-

animals and they are yours If you. bid last. est Dams average 37.76 lbs.

They consxst of daughters of K!!! of the Pontiac Daughters of Kin Lunde Pontiac Kornd ke





Se is out of Dams ranging from “two year also grand dau hters o Sadie Vale Concordias aul

., “as ea. .. s... .. r ... ... “are” re sesame .

*0 t fife§£¢ . ‘ . year not? ugh ers on Opollo and Pontiac

Mile” 138 other bans ionNo.l25062, Gra dd tnofK' ’ Clam '

A 30 lb. Bull out of a daughter of . S. P. Aharh‘a. a 40 lb. téunaugh 8 mg See‘is pion Mobel





Grand daughters of Pontiac K

R. 0. Dana a p to 3.74 lbs. wadyke out of A. F Grand daughters of King Weld Palmyra

I with other sales on the same date-





W’ invited. send for don't t‘this ale confused

Far-locatedatRoyalOaknol-fifi" not? ' - .

the on Grand Trunk R. R. ‘ De _ Michigan, on Pontiac Trolley lane at Eleven Mile Road.





3. T. WOOD,

, (Pedigree Expert





 





B. V. KELLY, C. P. S. PRICE

Auctioneers





D





'JOHN H. McCLURE, Owner

Pop}: Office, Royal Oak, »-Michi¢an





 





 





 





 





   





 





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Keep the _

Home Fields Earning!





This year, your car should



be a more profitable propo-



sition to you than ever. Europe is still



looking to American farmers for food. And



1 there’s a ready market for everything you

can raise.



Your car’s a time-saver—a distance cutter.

It“ will help you keep the home fields

earning. But to get its best work, you

must give’ it good tires.





You’d be surprised to know ~ '

how many hundreds of thou-

1 sands of folks—both in the





United States

‘fires

anagmgg’nnms





cities and on the farms—have

decided that United States

Tires are the best tires they can buy.





This year the proportion of United States

Tire users is even greater than ever. War

and war work taught the good judgment Of

putting good tires under a car or truck.





There is a United States Sales and Service

Depot in your neighborhood.

There you can get good . tire

service and sound advice as to

the best United States Tires

for your own individual use.