e A Y E AR FOR {HYEARS 00 00 in the Stat Sto’ck Jourrial 1919 9 Ive , and L’ Lé‘fi‘!!;h»bwfiffimfl 7; ”’39. Horticultural MICH., SATURDAY, MAY 3 ’ DETROIT 'uk’ifii’fim~ ultural, ic y' weekly Agr 3 ( 18 3 Whole Number 404 The om von.‘ cm; No. summer‘and. Ball...‘ . pm ‘ . fl ’ __ ‘ problem is as great as at any tine untr- wthe ; . p . o . _, ing the war and it is goingfto reduire :ers'trom fifteen cents to foil ten . some constructive work on the part on May “1.: Changed conditions show " this 1 i . . , of all concerned to meet the present to eXistbytestimony presented to the 7‘ associationfis "awe. .\ situation. And. the best part 'of the meeting, notably“thedamgagefyto, pas-Luneeder‘sl-fot Mic‘hiéanto the beneficial! situation is that every can of fruitfor «tnres "by ethe'sevérejApril freezes. audapesqibi, figslfifilfiliéh digfiailationfisz'l‘hég vegetable "products is sure to fin‘d a the increased cost in; labor .as'snowh; e‘ asses, iso " ' K ., , . _ . ,. . g , on . , mean should" ready market at profitable prices. by testimony presented from variOus"als"o' proVideiahtnt‘ for'fMich‘ig‘an wool Our national supply of canned goods Mich! . n _ a ’ wweouy Estab 3111843- .Oonmht 1919 ,c Lav'vf'rcnce Publishing Co. _-_ Editors and Proprietors arm as Congress St. West. Detroit. I Imam": Man: 4525. ’ ‘ K prion—ssl‘rourtha . ~° iiifishssarnna‘mme‘m c ILADELPHIA‘OFFIOE— 261-263 south Third st. ‘7 ............................President fi‘glthAvggl-Jfiggfi ..-......... ........ Vice-President ,, r3138 WRENCE.... Trees. an. UNNINGEAM..................n........Beoy. .1. .wnnaaoa , Micki“! sections of the Detroit‘area, theycom- growers asto the annex-10$. value‘of rpaa . mission determined that- this reduc- per twine. for tying” ‘woohand enable .1 oooooooooo .uoo .- o a Twnnmorg"°""'"""""""- is very low,~ and the tremendous de- _ g , . . p . , .. ‘ k . . » 'raANKA.WILKEFIZIIZIIII" 2: micro mand from European countries is sure tion could not 129.1113“ and carryout them to, get- a littlepreniiuni on their ’ ‘1?” YLivwgghh‘hTTELL - Ed to continue for many months to Come. ‘ i1} 800d faith the fair 9equalization'of clip if tied m paper ‘ftfwine' ’ even: ' , /‘ . ' MILTON KELLY """""""""" Few growers of fruit and. vegetable prices for the period covering the win— where. sold to the 100a]. "1 buyer:- ' " s Consequently - Incidentally, recent aucticins of gov- will for the ernment .wool havewz'continued to de- present remain as for previous menths. velOp a strength in, the ’market‘ which This action is in line with the me has given growers in all sections great- viously announced policy of the com« er confidence in the future or ,the mar- mission to bring about a greater equal- heat, and which indicates Ithatithe wool itybetween winter’and summer prices jObbers will welcome the discontinua- ter and spring months. prices on (delivered milk. ”“51““ MW crops realize the tremendous'export trade that is being developed, in' Amer- ican canned goods, and it is sure to prove a serious set-back in developing this profitable trade unless we can keep these new markets supplied'while an appetite in European countries is I. a warnnsoav..»...':........... TERMS or ' SUBSCRIPTION: You. 52 issues........... ........................81.00 . lfigfiesu ...... .. ........ 8:12.313 ‘ s ..... -. .........................83.00 ‘; All sent postpaid. Canadian suboription 530 a year extra. for postage. RATES OF ADVERTISING u t t measurement. or $7.00 Del‘ , . . . .. , . 7 ““345.” “333: he: Enoch) {lief Wfion.nlgooa‘)t}zg being whetted for our canned goods. by reducmg the former and. increasing tion of government .sales next month. - '. mm ”mm" ' m ” °‘ i ' ,the latter ascompared with previous , This strong tone is ,in accord with 7 Maple advertlsmenrs inserted at any time _ h ., , price schedules. This adjustment 18‘ our early. analysis of the Wool situa- ' ' tandard Farm Papers Association and Member SAudit Bureau of Circulation. _ l T a meeting held on Monday, April ma 1 Mtte tth Postomceat - -“ ~ Elsinore “154332239633... line this; oleMaroh 3. 1819 Ml’k Prices 28, the Detroit Area VOLUME CLII. NUMBER EIGHTEEN are Milk Commission fix- Equalized ed the, prices on De- f DETROIT, MAY 3,1919’ troit market milk for the next three, months, consumating an arrangement made last December whereby it was agreed by representa- unique in that his perhaps the most tion, striking example of the application of will 3 the just principle of marketing a farm product on a large scale on the basis of a scientific determination of produc- tion cost. That this principle has op- erated and will operate to the great benefit of the milk producers of Detroit area no one. who is at all conversant and‘is an indication that growers ecure’afair price for the season’s clip. It is not .too' late fOr interested growers of any community toworganize for the cooperative sale of '~their pro- , duct if local buyers do not’offe‘r them a fair price. HE basic principle CURRENT; COMMENT ARMERS and 'g’ér- deners in all sec- Vegetables tions in proximity to for- canning factories Cannmg should .plan to pro- duce a maximum acreage of tomatoes and other vegeta< » ble crops for canning purposes this season. The cold wave that swept the entire northern and central sections of the country last week has raised havoc with this year’s fruit crop. To what extent the apple, peach, plum, cherry and small fruit crops have been damaged no one can tell, but one thing is certain, the losses are tremendous, and plans must be made immediately ‘ to produce substitute crops of some sort to take the place of these fruits, or our people will be short of canned foods next winter. Throughout the great fruit belt of New York the damage is severe. From Binghamton, New York, as far north as Lake Ontario, and through the en- tire central and western New York fruit growing area a fall of several inches of snow and a temperature of from twenty-five to twenty—seven de- grees above zero left in its wake the destruction of hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of fruit buds. Farmers in that locality are already planning to double their acreage of tomato and other vegetable crops in an effort to partly make good the season’s losses, and insure the people of the country with an ample supply of canned food. ply of canned fruit. it is needless to say that our people must turn to vegeta- bles as a source of succulent .food. New York canning factory owners are do- ing everything possible to induce larg- ‘er plantings of substitute crops and it j Would seem that the same advice might profitably be applied to Michi- gan, especially in the great fruit grow- ngrdistricts where we have the neces— _ facilities for preserving these {food products. Farmers Who live a summertime. distance from canning, tones, can help the» situation ‘by ' ingumore vegetable crops, or put- the dog-else in cans for._sale With this great shortage in the sup? momma; clubs with the facts can gainsay. That it has been equally just to the consum- ers of milk in that it has stabilized the price, giving the consumers the , benefit of a price which did not com— able tic Dag. liberally pensate producers for a considerable th ’ to sa l§fy_t e needs-of. period of the year, and at the same f3” government. But if] Its operation time insuring ‘an adequate supply‘ of a. th1s pr1nc1ple1s not uniformly carried most essential and necessary food out. One :trlkéng example Of “1,15 fact. stuff, is equally apparent. This adjust- izrgergewgdmareuianlt: :§pi:ca£§:n F: ment .will return to the milk producers duction of hazardousgcg) s of a 812;} of the area several hundred thousand able nature which iel d pood rgfits in dollars to compensate them for losses some seasons and :re :5 1 p . during the winter months of exced- . a o-ta .failure 1.11 ingly high production cost and will 0:13:35 3: :hliogaSEaxlfénia; flu“; tend to maintain production during the Ignercial fruit frchard m: ‘ roducon; summer period‘when there is a greater big income one year an dy slhb‘ectceits demand for milk than during the win .. , . - J - ter season, and when a serious short- owne1 to a heavy income tax. But the age is the- normal condition. crop may be a total failure'the follow- . . _ ing year, while,the cost of maintenance Altogether the commissmn plan or may be increased b frost da djusting milk prices in this area has . . y. . mage, a k d t th b fit f b (1 thch necessnates additional pruning, giraid o .9 she 0 0th pro'uc- replacement of trees, additionatfertil- .. consumers. Ff)" the first time ization and better cultivation to restore in the history of the industry produc- the orchard to a normal producing con- ers are compensated for the COSt 0f dition. As none of those expenses of production computed on a scientific the lean years can be written off basxs, Whlle consumers have been "1‘ against the good income of the better SP red an adequate supply or whole- years this cost is a’ handicap to the \some market milk' at a very reasonable producer in financing his business price as compared with the cost of oth- This handicap has led to the disc us- er food stuffs to which it could be com- sion of a merger between the western tives of the producers’ organization that the milk producers of the Detroit Area would not insist upon compensa- tion based upon the cost of production during the winter months, providing they could be reimbursed for the loss- es met by a lesser price in those months during the the spring season of cheaper production. The distribu- tors agreed to this arrangement with the understanding that the readjust- ment in price would be based on the proportionate production in the spring months as compared with the winter months. The commission has taken these mu- tual concessions into account in fixing the price for milk during the first four months of the present year so as to avoid the necessity of a further in- crease in price to Detroit consumers for the purpose of giving producers the full cost of production during those months. A careful accounting has been kept of the variation between the cost of production as shown by the field work conducted by the Agricultural College' Experiment Station plus the cost of transportation and the deliver- ed price as fixed at Detroit by the com- mission during the past four months. This variation amounted to thirteen of the income tax is that it falls, on those who are best ‘ An Income Tax ‘ Injustice cents in January, twenty-six cents in pared. citrus fruit and apple growers as a. February, thil'tY-eight cents in March, means of providing more stable condi- and fifty cents in April. Figuring on ' N anOther column tions for the growers. the basis of production in these several ,. - of this issue will be Mi - " , ,, months and the future months for Cooperative found the report of a“ dime???pfgéitdirgxgsatg‘ggdififi which prices were made, as shown by W00, ' sale of wool made by the discussion of this handicap, and records of previous years, the price Marketing the Orleans County available remedies for it would beutyb‘n Sheep Breeders’ ASSO' worth while. Through the medium of ciation, of New York. This wool was the State Farm Bureau the united in. sold direct to an eastern worsted mill fluence of the farmers of the state at the attractive price'of sixty cents could be brought to bear‘in the matter per pound for good grades tied with pa- of securing needed relief. ~ per twine, and fifty-nine‘and a half ‘ cents wherevtied with wool twine. This was undoubtedly a better price than could have been-secured had the wool been sold to a jobber or from a point with a higher freight rate, but is an in- dication of present mill values. This New York experience illustrat- es the possibilities of cooperative wool ' marketing in any lo’cality where wool is produced, even. in moderate , quanti- ties. Michigan Farther readers will remember that fellowing the live stock meeting last ,‘winter, the 'annoluncement’ was _made,..that Mr. Verne Freeman, of "n ’Bivision of the Agricub operating in cooperation ) sagent ,ln rearke‘ting'. nY-rcounty ‘ lilies- differential to fully reimburse produc- ers for the cost of production was shown to be $1.08 per cwt., which was. spread over the period for which prices were fixed at this meeting. In view of the fact that the yearly cost estimates were prepared in November, since which time feed costs and labor costs have materially advanced, a further allowance to producers of ten‘ per cent for the ensuing three months was made by the commission in fixing prices for that period. This computa- tion indicated that an average price of 3.25 per cwt. f. o. b. railway‘statlon at Detroit for the ne\xt three months would pay producers the full costof production‘for this period and reimf burseihem for losses sustained dur- ing the-~ previous four months under, pri,¢e§,.‘_,nxsa [by the . commission for those months. "The prices fer the lien-Z _ suing three" menths Were then adjusted ,. more nearly, Imminensurategwith ' '" auction costsffor the; ‘ . ’11 Weeks: "My, “as masses which paces-v all ‘inil'k' ’ deliiiered‘ ‘ ,ere Here? ‘ .8. , DETROIT “AREA MI‘LKI PRICES. At a meeting heldon April. 28, the Detroit. Area Milk Commission fixed the pri’ée for the next three months as follows: ‘ ‘ . - May, $3.25 per hundred pounds. June, $3.10 per hundred pounds. July, $3.40 per hundred pounds, These prices are to be paid for all ' milk f. o. ‘b. .Detroit,\w‘ith no'deduc- ,tions for surplus,» for 3.5 per cent \milk with four cents per: point" differential above or below. 2 - »’ . ' L I . 1 ‘ - " < 3.. ‘st'x M“:\M-‘W"‘M W 3 ' ~wmw«’ns,. ANw—VRT- ..,,, ”"r- -‘~,.‘~._N . -" ‘ . ‘5KM4.'1,_/ M. r.- , ‘ for lime is thus discovered, a compos- ' . partment of‘ the State College, where I by growing plants. 80 additions to the C ”\ HILE most farmers who haven'n the soil also prevents the normal given it a trial will declare that development of those tiny soil organ- it is simple enough to get a isms, called nitrOgen-fixing bacteria, 800d catch 0f alfalfa, they Will all which stimulate a vigorOus growth of agree, too, that it is another thing on legume plants by supplying them with tirely to keep a profitable stand. Trou- nitrogen from the air. ble with weeds the first year, winter— Lime in abundance, in the form of - , killing, the encroachment of June grass marl or ground, limestone, is the good and a gradual yellowing and dying are medicine which should first be applied familiar difficulties in the way of suc- to our acid soils, for it makes them cess. Yet these things do not present wholesome and sweet like a drink of lunsurmountable obstacles, ashundreds soda, water in a sour stomach. The of satisfied growers can testify. Won— amount to apply varies widely, though derfully profitable stands of alfalfa two tons to the acre is a moderate and have been secured and kept without generally safe amount. Too much does serious trouble from weeds and grass, no harm, while less than enough may 37an without winter-killing or otherwise be useless. The unburned lime should dying Out. Successin getting and keep- alWays be applied and well worked into ing a profitable stand apparently de- the soil seveial months befo1e seeding pends on knowing the few simple re- if possible. quirements of the crop and supplying A new publication from the Michi- whatever is neededto make all the gan Experiment Station, East Lansing, conditions right. This sketch is an at- Michigan, gives some general informa- tempt to‘ outline the essentials for suc- tion on lime and its uses and func- cess which experienced growers of al- tions in soils. Ask for special Bulletin falfa in Michigan have discovered. No. 91. ' A Sweet Soil. A Well-drained Soil. Alfalfa, 'more than other legumes, Alsike clover is a relatively shallow prefers a sweet soil, and it will con- feeder and its roots seektheir food in tinue to thrive year after year only the surface layers of the soil. It, there- when the soil is naturally sweet or has fore, thrives where the soil is shallow been made so by the use of lime. Prac- and the subsoil full of water. With al- tically all sandy soils and' most other falfa this is not the case. Alfalfa ' cultivated and well drained soils in roots are long, and go deep, for it is Michigan are sour, to a greater or less accustomed to search for its food in degree. Sourness is not an unusual or layers of soil untapped by the roots of abnormal condition, but it is merely other plants. It is the great subsoiler. due to the absence of enough lime to But the roots of no plant can feed in neutralize as fast as produced the acids soil which is full of water, therefore, and acid Substances found in. every‘alfalfa thrives only on well-drained kind of soil. That sour soils actually soils where the water table is normally contain acid substances is shown by three feet or more below the surface. the effect on sensitive blue litmus pa- If surface water stands on the ground per. This paper, which contains a~veg— for any length of time during the year, etable coloring matter, will turn pink it is Wiser not to use alfalfa until bet- on exposure to even very weak acids ter drainage is secured. like fruit juice, etc; It can, therefore, ' Proper Inoculation. ’ be used to test the condition of the The normal soil is literally alive soil. The weaknessof this test that with bacteria or germs of many kinds. it gives no idea of the amount 0 lime necessary to create an alkaline or sweet 14 Redz'valoflntererz‘ m Alfalfa Fd/Zows Some Recem‘ Unratzrflctory Experz'mcer wz’z‘b Ot/zer forage. Crops. By H. L. Barnum Some thrive in wet, sour soils and do much damage by destroying nitrates which might otherwise be used by plants. But all sweet and welldrained soils have several varieties of bacteria which are of untold value in maintain- ing a fertile and productive condition. These are the nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Some species live independently in the soil, while others thrive only when they are able to colonize on the roots of clovers or other legume plants. Each legume crop has its own favorite kind of bacteria; and when this kind is not present in the soil in sufficient num- bers, it is good business to inoculate the seed or the soil with the right kind. Pure cultuFes of the right bac- teria for alfalfa may be purchased from the State College for twenty-five cents a bottle, which is enough to inoculate a bushel of seed. It is also possible to introduce the right kind of bacteria by securing soil from a field of well inoculated alfalfa or sweet clover and scattering it over the field at the rate of about four hundred pounds to the acre, then dragging it in immediately. Alfalfa which is not inoculated, unless growing on a very fertile soil, will turn yellow and often die the second year. But one must not expect pure cultures, or any other means of inoculation, to do any good unless the soil isl’first made sweet with lime. The bacteria may survive, but they do not thrive and do their work well in a sour soil. Hardy Seed. The experience of a great many a1- falfa growers last winter convince us that we cannot depend on. the hardi- ness of common alfalfa, such as is usu- ally sold by grocery stores and local seed merchants. While no one partic- ular variety of alfalfa is the absolute remedy for winter-killing, it‘is well to insist on a hardy strain of seed which has been grown under northern condi- tions. Grimm seed and similar varie- t condition. However, when the need ite‘ sample~ of the soil in the field can be taken out and sent to the soils de- the actual lime requirements will be determined. 1 While 'a soil may originally be well supplied with lime, it will not always continue so. Lime easily leaches aWay " with drainage Waters and is remdved natural supply should be made occa~ 3 proper time. When one crop of alfalfa _ ' The right time to cut 3must b ties are higher priced, but they have prpven themselves cheaper in the long run. Under Michigan conditions, al- falfa is the “everlasting clover” only when grown from hardy strains of seed. The Seed Bed. A fertile, firm, fine seed bed, free from weeds, is very essential in get- ting a good catch of alfalfa. While alfalfa is sometimes grown on very poor land, it is necessary in such.cases at the beginning to feed the little, ten— der seedlings so they can make a quick and vigorous start and get ahead of the weeds. If stable manure is used for fertilizer, it is better to grow a cul- tivated crop first, or summer-fallow until the last of July, so the weeds may be killed first. A complete com~ mercial fertilizer of high grade, sown at thetrate of three hundred pounds to the acre has the advantage of supply- ing quickly available food and being free of weed seed. A seed bed with a firm bottom and a fine soil mulch on the surface is very important. Many failures result from sowing alfalfa on loose hastily pre- pared soil. Corn or potato ground which has been well manured the year before and kept clean can be easily flt~ ted for alfalfa. It is not necessary to plow, but disk and harrow until the surface soil is finely prepared. If the soil is sour, put'on the lime the first thing and work it thoroughly into the soil, delaying the seeding as long as possible. When the unburned lime is used, better results may be expected if the application is made the previous year. The commercial fertilizer need not be applied until just before seed- ing. If a fertilizer drill ‘is used, the fertilizer and seed may be put in at the same time. Nurse crops are not necessary with alfalfa, but some small grain crop is , often used with the idea of keeping down weeds. Of the spring grains, bar» ley is doubtlessly the best nurse crop if one is desired. if oats are used, they should be cut green for hay in case a severe drought threatens. r . The rate of seeding alfalfa will vary 7 with the quality of the seed and the ~- condition of the soil. Formerly twenty , pounds has been recommended, but I eight pounds of good seed on a well-. fitted seed bed has given satisfaction in many cases. Under ordinary condi- tions from twelve to fifteen pounds per acre should be used. A thin stand is - more easily lnjured by weeds. When to Cut Alfalfa. , The number of cuttings of alfalfa} per year and the amount of hay secur- ed depend on cutting the crop at the has made its full growth a second starts from the crown 01' the .,Ncws of to P’ORTANT DRAINAGE WORK TO'tends that the water in the butter is ' BE STARTED. not adulteration. The government has ' quite a number of witnesses, butter ex- THREE hundred acres of wet land perts, summoned from various parts of m St Clair county will be drained the country during the next few months in the course of a important demonstration FARMERS DON’T WANT DAYL-IGHT .wdrk being carried out under the direc- - SAVING PLAN. 4' Tron of the Farm “Mechanics Depalt- ‘ . ment of the Michigan Agricultural Col- HE fruit growers in western New .lege. York are considerably aroused ov- The college has contracted for the er the reported movement to make the 'use of an improved “traction ditcher,” daylight saving plan, so-called, a per- ?which will be used to complete all the manent thing. It is now said that "the 7 work. Geneial shortage of labor and National Daylight Saving Association 'the lack of skilled hand ditchers neces- has asked James W. Gerard, former . sitated the adoption of machine meth- ambassador to Germany, to prepare a —‘ eds. The demonstrations which me to resolution asking President Wilson to '_,be carried out in St. Clair county will incorporate the provision in the draft serve as tests of the practicability of of the League of Nations. Fearful that long as this ~tom-foolery is persisted in and the day curtailed as a. result. one hour is not as good as another on the farm. An hour ‘in the afternoon is worth a whole forenoon in the harvest when there is a heavy dew, yet it is that valuable hour of which farmers are robbed. When it comes to pick- mg apples in the fall, handling of the crop is slowed down by insistence that growers trade off an hour in the after- noon for one in the early morning in which he must work at a disadvantage. ' So far as the grower is concerned, day- light saving is daylight wasting. The established schedule of work hours on. the farm was not made arbitrarily but evolved gradually as being the limits within which farm work 'can be done to the best advantage. I. look to see the federation take immediate action. the machine work. Twenty ac1e t1acts on fifteen farms scattered over the entire county are to be ditched and tiled. The work will be paid for by the ow ne1s of the land, the management being fui nished by the college. INDICTED MILK OFFICIALS TOLD TO PREPARE BILL. S UPERIOR Judge Gridley in Chicago recently gave attorneys for the eight officials of the Milk Produceis' Association unde1 indictment fox con- spiracy, until Fiiday to confer with Assistant State’s Attorney Bell and agree on a bill of particula1s which will more cleaily define the chaiges against them. On Fiiday a date fo1 hearing of the case will be set. G1and jury summonses for twenty— —five dairy farmers were 01deied prepared by As- sistant District Attomey F1ed Dickin- son. They will be the first of eight 'hundred summoned to testify before the grand 31113 to detail their agree- ments and contracts with the milk dis- tributors. KANSAS CREAMERY COMPANY IS ,, SUING THE (GOVERNMENT. C ONSIDERABLE interest in cream- ‘ ery buttei ci1c1es has been arous- ed by the lawsuit recently instituted by the Belle Spiings Creamexy Com- ~ many of Kansas against the govern— -'ment to secuie a refund of $669. 40 frOm the internal revenue collector, which is being heard by the United States District Court. The creamery was taxed fo1 $400 and a penalty of $200 and costs had been assessed, on the charge that the company had made butter containing more than sixteen per cent moisture. The company con- Some WING to the frequent failures of O clover seedings and timothy meadows and the encroachment upon meadow and pasture lands of cul ‘ tivated crops in meeting the wai de- ' mand, a great inteiest is being taken ‘ in annual crops which can produce hay of value, 01 forage which will serve.as a substitute for hay. For this pu1pose there are several 1 'crops of proven dependability, and quite a number not so dependable ,. which, owing to theii newness attract "a larger proportion of interest than is their due. Seedsmen report the possi- bility of a scarcity of millet seed in O ports better and larger stocks than pl of Soudan grass seed. The seed sir corn and oats is plentiful and in Kent condition. _ Corn. what was primarily a war-time meas- -. \ , _ ' w of the extraordinary demand but- ‘ Ball annual crops corn can supply ‘ W‘ the largest amount ' ' . . 61th as aflasfi' me now be made permanent, many piominent fruit men and g1oWers have appealed to the New York State Fed- eiation of Agriculture, according to Seth J. T. Bush, executive secretary of the organization, and former president of the Western New York Horticultur- al Society. Discussing the fruit grower’s atti- tude, M1. Bush said in a statement to the public: “We have no desiie to in. teifere in any way with the rights of the city man. We are perfectly will- ing that he get to work at five o’clock in the morning or any other o’clock that may want to and quit when he gets ready. But we do object to his saddling his views on the whole com- munity in the shape of a statute that makes it obligatory that everyone fol- low' his 'caprice. . “As farmers we are asked to pro- duce to the utmost, but can’t do it as EmergCflCY ! Bees Are One of the Most Profitabie Side Lines for the Farm. The se1ious side of it all so far as the city man is concerned, is that the amount of food produced and available for distribution is curtailed under “the ‘saving plan.” Frank Bradley, of Barkers, a former president of the New York State Fruit Gioweis Association, is president of the federation. - HOOVER TO PLACE EUROPE BACK ON WAR BREAD BASIS. DECREASE in the milling per.- centage, which will virtually put the: world back to a war bread basis for the next three months, is part of the progiam adopted by the supreme’ food council, under the chairmanship of Herbert C. Hoover. The program also includes a com- plete plan for securing and distribut- ing food to allied, liberated, neutral lay By J. '17. Cox, ijeuor Farm Cropx, M. A. C. or as fodder. Its culture is too well understood to need a discussion other than the urging of planting of varieties which will reach the dent and glaze stage of maturity for silage and fodder. A finer textured fodder can be se- cured by following the old practice of drilling one or two bushels to the acre, or planting ‘sowed corn” broadcast. A good corn crop should yield fro ten to fifteen tons of silage, or frog: ' four to eight tons of fodder per acre. smut. .‘ . r Millet is an annual- hay crop well known in Michigan 2‘he Golden and er Commas varieties are most generally came “ ‘ fine the seeds are. “in ed, either drilled 01 well- harrOWed seed bed, prepared as for and enemy countr1es until the next harvest. One object of the p‘r’bgram is to determine the available food supplyr and so to distribute shipping as not to . . put undhe pressure on any one market. The council has arranged to supply, northern and central European ooune' tries largely; with rye instead of Wheat » and for the neutrals to_look for their supply mainly ‘inV‘Ar‘gentina and Aus- tralia. The effect of these arrange ments is to take-the pressure on? the wheat market in the United States. Some European countries have decidg ed to get along for the balance of this year without any corn from the United States. A _ The necessity, five months after the. cessation of hostilities of reestablish- 'ing the war bread regulation shows» the dire. straits. in which European. countries have been placed by the raw ages or harvestlands and the killing and disabling of millions of agricuh turists. ' ' A SEND EXPERTS ABROAD TO PRO4 MOTE TRADE. I N the government’s program for the extension of American foreign trade promotion of the farmers” interests has been placed entirely in the hands of the Department of Agriculture’s Bu— reaukof Markets. This bureau has an— nounced that several agricultural trade commissioners, as permanent represen- tatives, will be sent abroad- to report on conditions and study the marketing ”and distributing of American farm pro- ducts. ‘ ‘Heretofore little has been done in a systematic way ‘iooking to promotion of the farmers’ interests abroad, al— though before the War foreign trade in agricultural products reached a "total of more than $1,000,000,000, forty-five per cent of the country’s experts. “In view of the extensive changes in methods of distribution required duringpthe war to meet the acute needs for food and raw materials under dif— ficult'shipping conditions, the trade in agricultural products must now under~ go readjustment in its return to pri- vate channels,” Charles J. Brand, chief of the markets bureau, said recently. “In some respects American exporters and foreign importers must start afresh, and as they resume business they will encounter many strange con— ‘ ditions. To answernumerous inquiries for information and as a means of an— ticipating the general demand and pro; mating the interests of American agri~ culture in the readjustment of world trade, weekly reports will be issued on foreign market subjects." the rate of one bushel of field peas and one and one- -half bushels of oats per acre. They should be seeded during Ap1il and early May, the earlier the broadcast on a better. , At our Upper Peninsula Substation- corn. The seed should be planted at a 10.6 tons of Oats and pea forage per shallow depth, about one-half inch acre was produced for the silo in 1917. who the ground is well warmed up; at, equivalent to about three tons of dry week or so after the ordinary season hay. Large yields ofhay aie freQuent— of planting corn. ‘ 13' reported. The “peas in a peas and If planted early the millet may be oats mixture give a high protein .con~ out for hay in from forty to‘fifty days tent to either the hay or silage pro. after” seeding” from sixty to: seventy days. July plantings require duced. It should . For hay purposes the crop is cured be cut for my inst after blooming, and in Michigan the same way that alfalfa. before flie seeds form, particmarly if hay is handled. The crop should be ' cut when the pads are full grown, but: , not 'yet filled, and cured in small cooks : j. WW1 . ‘ r it is to be fed to horses, since it 13118! j(slices it may he left, ,palltable at that tinieiFor v awn...”- . J A . \ A M67125” of Our Stdf 2: Now 272 New York State Gatlzermg Fact: 072 Me M zlé 192222422072. There Column: to Hé/p Our Reader: to a Better Underrtandmg of General Candztzom. reducers Demand Cheaper HE dairy farmer has just about reached his limit in reducing‘the - cost of milk productioh.f_.The Consumer is paying about as much per quart as he can be induced to pay and still consume a normal amount. of milk. 0f 'tcOurse,‘ we all know that ‘milk is one of the best of foods, but at pres- ent prices people are neglecting it right along. Milk has been such a com- mon article of diet and the producer and consumer have been so confused by propaganda, advertising and vari. cus cost figures that they have net. realized that there is another part of ,> the " business besides production and consumption. , They have not realized that the large . manufacturer and distributor is the real -big factor that needs other con- sideration than an occasional checking up by a committee of producers and consumers who have little knowledge . of the underlying principles of eco- noniic‘alprocesses of manufacture and distribution. But now that both producers and consumers have been forced to the very limits of their patience and .flnances We have in development a na- tionvwide milk problem, and the de- mands of the men who milk the cows, and the people who consume the milk haVe crystallized the difficulties into plainly- stated facts that now make it possible for us to know exactly where .the chief trouble in the business lies. It is in the cest of getting the milk from the cow to the consumer. .-The problemis a simple one-—to un- derstand. That problem is to Convince the officials who have charge of 'the milk problem how much it should cost, under efficient management, to take the milk from the farm and put it into the consumer’s home in good condition. It is not a problem of how muc11‘ itis coSting-today in our cities, butghow much it should, cost underja system of fairly efficient management. Various agencies have been so busy seeking to bully and starve, both, producers and consumers into a state of (submission that they have got the whole thing mixed up beyond 'the‘ comprehension of the man on the farm and the family in the city. In other words this hocus- nocus game being played by the big milk distributors is depriving the-pros ducers of a' fair price for their milk and the city families of a uniform sup- , ply of milk at a living price. Incidentally, when facts and data are presented which prove conclusively that they are not conducting their bus- iness along sensible and approved lines they jump up at once and'claiin .that it is nobody’s business, but their _ own, how they conduct their business. 'This is the angle from which the dairy farmers in many sections of the . east are attacking the present milk problem, and the one from which they are beginning to get the most satisfac- tory results, both in the matter of price and in increasing the consumption of ‘ 7-, milk. The problem of taking over a 3 ‘. system 0f distribution in were small: - Eastern Mz'lé Producers are Demanding that City Dealerr Cut 0222‘ Need/err Duplzcation of Routes and Help T112772 Reduce t/ze le'a’e Gap Between t/ze Cow and t/ze City dez/y. York state, the producers believe that better results will come from gaining the necessary experience handling the business in the smaller cities before attempting to'break into business in the larger centers of population. In other words, they are endeavoring to feel their way along, gradually learn- ing to creep before they begin to walk. Then, too, there seems to be a closer understanding between the farmers and consumers in these small cities, where the producers have been held llp as examples of profiteers and graft-. ers by the distributors. However, the results that have been accomplished in some of these smaller cities is throw- ing a big scare into the camps of the big dealers in Buffalo, Rochester and New York city, and one might as well try and interview an Egyptian mummy as to get a word out of one of the big city distributors. I know, because I have tried it, and in, every case, except one, have been referred to the distrib- utors? héadquarters in New York city. In the one [case the writer was'fortu- nate enough to secure an interview with one of the officials of a large dis- tributing company in Buffalo, under the pretense of seeking employment. This interview brought out a point which I am sure will prove of interest to some of our readers. “You probably den't know,” said this official, “just what we have been up against in the matter of hired help, especially drivers for ou1 wagons, dur— ing the past two years. We have had everybody we could get, from foxeign- ers to car burglars, for drivers, and as a'i‘esult we have had some pretty ser- ious losses. We cannot do business on a smaller margin until we can get honest drivers who are competent to handle our routes and look after their trade.” The1e is no question but that some of the big, distributors have been up against" serious labor problems, but so have the producers, and it seems like queer reasoning for these men to pieach about robber cows, when they as employing car burglals and the like to deliver the milk and make col- lections. This further emphasizes the difficulties confronting any business which depends so much upon securing competent ,and honest help at a low scale of wages. It is simply another argument in favor of more compact milk routes, and the paying of a scale of wages that will attract good, honest men. What has been accomplished in Phil- adelphia through the consolidation of routes and the paying of good wages, as mentioned by Mr. Potts in his re- cent article, should work out the same in any of our other big cities where conditions are so nearly identical. Interviews with distributors and manufacturers in western New York prove conclusively that the Dairymen’s H2: Fuzz/272g: 1222/! he Pzzélzrbed 272 R a 7722: 2: #26 Fmt Article of Me Sewer. ’ 'néss becomes too large it means eliVe League controls the milk situation so far as regulating the milk supply of the cities is concerned and that the distributors have a wholesome respect for the League. A representative of one of the smaller Buffalo distributors said: “The League is an established, factor in the milk industry, here in New York, and we are working in harmony with it at the present time.‘ The new price-fixing arrangement, whereby the price of milk is to be based upon the price of butter and cheese, will, I think prove a more potent stabilizing. factor in the business than the cost of pro- duction plus arrangement. At least, we hope it will, and we are beginning to understand, each other's problems better all the time. There are many things I might say from the distribu- tors’ standpoint, but I prefer to have you write what I may say as news mat- ter rather than quotingmy opinion. “In the first place, from what I have heard of the work of your milk: com- mission in Michigan, I would advise~ your people up there to go slow about making any radical changes in your general scheme of handling your prob- lems. These milk strikes and rows be- tWeen producers, distributors and con- sumers are mighty expensive and have a disastrous effect upon the business in general. If your produéers feel that there is too wide a margin between the producer and the consumer you should get the figures to back up your claims instead of doing a lot of talking and mud-slinging before you have made a proper analysis of the situation. I be- lieve it is practicable and possible for us to get together and consolidate our milk routes and effect a big saving in the cost of handling milk, but we have been unable, thus far, to get the bigv fellows here in Buffalo to cooperate with us in this kind of work. In fact, they are doing all within their poWer to develop ou1 ioutes and prevent us from getting in a position to cheapen our cost of distribution “During the past year we have made a special effort to consolidate our eight routes on this side of the city, and we have succeeded in cutting down our . distribution costs more than one cent per quart. This has made it possible for us to make a better showing than some of our competitors who are load— ing up their wagons and driving four to six miles before peddling a quart of milk, just to break in and" nab a few '5 of our customers on this side of the ' city. If some of these big (mmpaniesr would devote one-half as much time to conducting their own business with a. ’ higher degree of efficiency as they do ' to destroying the business of the small dealers the consumers could get better milk at less cost than they do today. “Another factor in this milk distrib- ' uting‘game that I want to mention is that of how the old law of diminishing returns knocks your profits into a. ‘cocked hat’ when you increase your overhead too rapidly. With from five to ten good, compact routes it is pos-, sible to keep up'a pretty good record of the business and look after the drivi- ' "‘ ers and other help, but when the busi- much high- priced office help andfa com plicated syetem of accounting. Aside (Continued on followmgpage) - i ‘-‘ 24,15}? > With big businesses of a similar nature “51 believe that within the next few Lybars we are to see a big revival of .j the small business, efficiently managed throughout our whole industrial struc- j'ture. Give us honest laws, calculated .to encourage individual effort and I» greater efficiency, and not stifle trade, and there will be plenty of intentive _ for men to build up small businesses x’ ofltheir own, rather than become a, ' more part of some big organization. This seems to be the general trend in the milk distributing business here in some of our New York cities. Some of. the big milk companies are already planning to coope1ate with their em- ployes in this proposition, but I doubt if they can get the same results as the. smaller distributors who can give the it"tiusiness a close personal supervision - from day to day- In many manufactur- .' ing districts the people seem to prefer to buy milk from a small company rather than patronize the big concerns who have had more or less trouble with their drivers. Once a big milk company has had a strike among its drivers you will see union 1abo1 tu1n a cold shoulder on its product and dock over to the small dealers, and most of these big companies have had consid- erable trouble with their drivers. “Another thing that is working against the big milk companies is the fact that they have gone so far into the country for their supply of milk that they are getting the bulk of it from farms where a" high degree of sanitation is not practical._ In this ter- ritory the small distributors are buy- ing the bulk of the milk produced on the big dairy farms in proximity to the city, while the big milk companies are getting their supply from various plants and creameries throughout the state. Our business demands a uni- form supply from high-class dairy farms where there is a more uniform year—round production, and these farms “are invariably equipped for the pro- duction of a higlrgrade product.” On the other hand, the Queen City ~Dairy Company, the largest milk‘dis— tributing company in Buffalo, has two large country milk plants, one at Lime Lake and one at Lawton, N. Y., and three smaller plants. The milk is as- sembled at the two larger plants, put in bottles and shipped in refrigerator cars toBuffalo and distributed to the trade. In discussing the advantages of this system of handling milk, the late Smith Shedrick, at that time president I of the Queen City Dairy Company, said: “‘Our aim in establishing these bottling plants in the country was to close the big gap between the cow and the consumer. Acting upon the idea that many of the farmers further out in the country could produce sanitary milk if an improved system of caring for it after it left their farms could be provided, we erected these two model plants where the milk could be deliv- ered, inspected and bottled. After vis- iting many certified farms and study. ing'the methods practiced in produc- ,ing and handling this ideal milk, we modified and readjusted certain sani- tary regulations so that we could do lmany things at our plants“ which we ‘eou-ld not reasonably demand of the producers, and which they could not be depended upon to perform. This system has proved successful because 3 enables us to handle the milk from many farms as a unit, and supply our Minors in Buffalo with a grade of " ‘ corresponding very closely in ter to the more expensive certi« n the Queen City Dairy Com- , I - 9-. -. ‘ assigns’afi‘sni sea-2311 out of business. withdairy lawsandn regulations that they were. Selling their cows and going To bring order out-of chaos and engender .a more, friendly feeling among the pattbns the com- pany offered special inducements to those who would clean up and put their premises inecondition to produce bet- ter milk. A premium is paid for milk showing a low bacterial count and for putting up ice. Each plant is equipped with a labor- atory where the milk is tested for bac—V teria, sediment and butter-fat. If there is trouble at the plant with a patron’s milk it is quickly discovered and~elim- inated. By keeping these reCords each patron knows how his milk is avorag~ ing and that neglect on his part will be reflected in the laboratory. It has been found that many farm which score the lowest are on t0p so far as bacteria and sediment are concerned. It shows that many men are So care ful in their methods that they can pro- duce milk amid unfavorable surround- ings that is cleaner than the careless man can under any circumstances. The man is more important than the barns and equipment. Every morning when the dairyman comes to the plant with his load of milk he drives up to the door where his cans are discharged, his milk is weighed, and he is given a receipt for the milk delivered in good condition; he then drives to the end of the plat- form for his clean cans. The cans are rinsed in warm water, scalded and washed with hot water and brushes, and sterilized. They are then placed .with the bottom end up in- a conven- ient place for the dairyman to load them onto his wagon. ‘ The milk passes from‘theweighing tank, by gravity, to a huge storage tank where it is heated to about eighty degrees. It then passes through a clar- ifier, which removes the dust, slime, and foreign matter, and from there .11- to the pasteurizing coils and is heated to about 140 degrees F. and then into the holder and is held at that tempera. ture thirty minutes. It then passes into coolingiubes and —is cooled to thirty—eight degrees aria-.3111 through sanitary pipes to the 1mmstorage tank above the bottling machine. When imry who does not make a tuber-culim’ _ .. the tank is about half full the bottling machine is started. On the route through the plant the milk does not come into contact with outside air or human hands in any way. . ' When the cases of bottles are un- loaded from the car they are assorted, and wheeled into the washing room "on trucks. The washing room is equip-~ pod with the Foreman system ‘vahich consists of four tanks; in theflrst con- taining a strong solution of alkali, they rinse and temper the bottles so that they will not break when submerged in the next, or sterilizing tank. Both bottles and cases are submerged in'the four tanks ahd .it is absolutely impos- sible for them to come through the machine in any but a sanitary condi- tion. After the bottles are cledned they are put into cases bottom end up and wheeled into- the bottling room. In this way they are not exposed to float- ing germ life, ployes can not come in ..c‘ontact with the inside of the bottles. immediately after the bottles are filled they are sealed and put into cases and packed in sealed refrigerator cars. These cars are hauled. to the city by passenger service, and are met at the depot by the company’s wagons, unloaded, and delivered to the trade. On the entire route from the farmer’s can to the con- sumer’s home the milk is untouched by air or human hand. The plants are equipped for making cheese, butter, «cream and cottage cheese. This enables the company to take care of its surplus and insures the «city trade with good service at all times of the year. The capacity of the plants is two carloads each day. This gives a minimum height rate and is 11101e profitable than shipping smaller quantities at the higher rate. This milk now retails to the Buffalo city trade at fourteen and thirteen cents _-a quart, for Grade A pasteurized milk, and Grade B pasteurized milk._ “Grade A pasteurized” is produced by herds that are healthy, “as disclos- 7H6 15$ 11: oars \\ . §\ \\ Btu. like a mule. Instead,vthey are used for regular scouting, ’ Two 'years ago the pink‘boll worm~was discovered -. in Mexico. This post is more danger- ous to cotton than the boll weevil, which also came to us from below the , Besides embargoing . .. a, cotton and seed from Mexico,’a dead. ’ line was established in southern Texas where no cotton was to be planted Be— . 1'. ing told they must not plant cotton : i makes southern Texans ‘more anxious _ >- i to do so, and many fields were grown - .. mout-ofatheway places, particularly in . . . " " fields surrounded by heavy timber. ‘f Last season the ai\plane was used to locate such outlaws. The experiment worked so well that it is to be extenq sivery used this year in an effort to keep these undesirables out of the United States. PLANNING A “BEAN BAY.”- Bean they. is anew newly proposed , . plan of, the bean men of Oxnard, can ” moratorium ,_ Vin ‘mboanw" “l" ._ LESSON;3_ ONG before they had delivered. the, mileages everyone expects from Goodyears, two tires on a heavy eight- cylinder car blew out._ The car-owner, er; Ralph Booth, took them to a Good- year Service StatiOn near his office, on West 27th Street, New York. The Serv- ice Station Dealer examined them, asked Mr. Booth to what pressures they had been inflated, and then proved that according to the inflation charts the tires should have carried at least fifteen mounds more air. Mr. Booth wasn rt quite convinced, but he put on two new Goodyears and kept them properly in- kflated. These tires havevalready given 6,300 MORE miles than the under- inflated ones and look good for as many more. Ask your Goodyear Service Sta- tion, or write to Akron, for Lesson 3 of the Goodyear Conservation Course—— telling how to gain mileage by proper inflation. .dsla your Goodyear Service Station, pr u5;,“ for Lemon d913,)” Gm aining 63,00 M1es } by PrOper Inflation NDERINFLATION ' "shortens by thousands of miles the life of i the best of tires. Without proper air support the tire walls have to bend and flex sharply and constantly. The extreme bending and flexing of ‘ side-walls without sufficient air-sup— port generates excessive heat at the flexing points. This heat actslon the rubber in and ‘ between the plies, making it lifeless and brittle. The plies separate on the shoulder of the tire, and from chafing against each other s00n lose their strength. Then the inner'plies, which are most quickly affected, are fractured—the tube is pinched between .the rough ear conservation :15 “is: infie’t m -Goodyc Pitching Cement for Restoring Tires Wenkeaed byBémg Under-Inflated. edges of the break, and a blow- out follOws. <> <> 0 N certain caSes, however, where the damage is not too great and the weakened fabric carcass has not ac- tually broken, Goodyear SerVice Stafi tion Dealersxfind that by applying a Goodyear Reliner.‘ the tire ‘can be made to deliver a thousand, and more additional miles. But consistent attention to proper in- flation would save many thousands ——at no expense" Whatever. Find out just what pressures your tires should Carry by asking your ,Goodyear Service Station —— or by sending togAkron—for Lesson 3 of i the Goodyear Conservation Course. \ The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Akron, 0. l l? Three Essential Plant :Fi With the introduction '01 U. S. Potash into the Solvay line, The Solvay Process I three elementary, essential plant foods. . Pulverize'd Limestone Well-known, and lo estab- lished, for the neutralizing of acids in soil. Quick acting— ' high in lime carbonates. So great has been the demand for this one product that our orders have shown over a 100% increase since last year. i . Arcadian Sulphate of Ammonia « 20. 75% nitrogen. A vegetable and crop nourishment, and a stimulant to» plant growth, manufactured by The Semet-Solvay Company. “ U-S ” Potash , Made in America. Manufactured “ and distributed by the'Solvay Process (30., and not through the usual middleman channels. Abetter otash than has been produced efore—SO. 54% potash. Orders for Sulphate and Potash Filled Premptly TH E SOLVAY- PROCESS CO. .7 _ 2091 Jefferson Avenue Company now produces . Detroit, Michigan ‘ ‘ A ;{ . ,. ... .. ._ ~ ... ... .. __ n. :m .. ‘ m.w.vx1lha1um=nx-x1 Wigwam—wru— umm. ‘ , l I ' erative elevators, , starting the venture. HE Hartford Fruit‘Growers' Ex- change is flourishing,” said one . ' of the members recently in- an- , '. swer to my question as to how the ex- equang’e was progressing. “Why,” he continued, “I think I would be tempted ‘to pull out every tree if I had to go ?- back to the old way of marketing my ’ . own fruit or depending upon some un- known agency. With the help problem as it has been! a farmer is kept busy :enough with pioducing and harvesting his fruit without having to bother with marketing it. ” Acertain class of people has always lmaintained that farmers could not co- noperate successfully. In fact they have 3made capital of the threadbare state- ment that “the farmer is too suspicions ;of his neighbor to cooperate success-_ fully. ” ‘ deuce the many newly formed cooper~ ,ative ventures that have gone aground gfor one reason or another, and have They have pointed out ass ev1- drawn the conclusion that all cooper- ?ation of this sort was found to fail. mThey have overlooked the many suc- cesses in cooperative creameries, coop- live stock associa- tions, fruit associations, potato asso- ciations, and so on. The fact is if ' farmers are guided by the same prin- ciples and are governed by the same natural laws, there is no reason why they cannot as successfully cooperate as any other class of people. The Hart- ford Fruit Exchange, like many other ventures in this state, stands out as proof of this statement. This' association was organized in I 1914 by a number of progressive farm ers and fruit growers who were not satisfied with the then prevalent condi- tions of marketing their fruit. Arti- cles of association were drawn up, one share of capital stock—~valuation $100 —was issued to each member. The ex- change was fortunate in having sever- al members with a knowledge of law who assisted greatly in framing the . constitution and in working up the nec- essary by-laws. The money from .the capital Stbck furnished the necessary funds for A building was bought and equipped for a packing shed and warehouse- A manager was hired to superintend the packing, sales’ and collection. The plan was purely cooperative; a’ charge of five per cent ' on fruit handled being charged against , the member for handling his fruit. He was also required to pay for his bas- kets, covers, etc. The charge of five per cent was figured closely so as to ' just about cover the cost of the over- ' head expense. The fruit of non-mem- bers was handled forten per cent. Any ' profit on such fruit handled or 0:1 fruit bought and sold by the exchange went into the treasury as undivided 5111 plus This money was used from year to year f01 adding onto the waiehouse, buying new sorte1s, and othei equip- ment as it was needed. - . The first year was more or less up- hill business as the name of the ex- change had to be egabiished in the 'market world and the young infant taught howto walk at the same time. The crisis o'f the first year safely‘pass— ed, the exchange flouri‘Shed. In 1916, which was a7 good, peach-year inithis section, the exchange handled about = one hundred and thirty“ cars of peach- . es. Probably one-fourth of this amount 7 in small and ripe stock was trucked' ‘ , to canning factories ”or Other local mar- . If ; ke'ts. . . icf peaches\ were handled and about ‘ twenty cars .of apples. was a good apple year, the exchange I ; ‘ handled about forty cars of apples ‘1 In 1917 about seventyhve ems. In 1918, whiph ~ ‘ The success of the 'e The Hatred; in..." steadily increased, due to the manage. ment and ipolicy adopted. The ex— change has catered to a high class mar- ket, taking great care that eveiy bas- ket bearing the name of (he associa. tion is. a basket of which to be justly proud. As a result of this policy the fruit handled by the exchange always .tops the market. By ring packing the peaches, . for example, the manager found on visitingone of the big city markets, that Exchange Albertas were bringing one dollar per bushel mere than Albertas of the same quality not so carefully packed by a nearby asso ciation. A market .is thus always ready 'for Hartford fruit. This motto of “Sat- isfaction. First” has meant dollars to the Hartford fruit growers. It has meant. that while the exchange has now. almost three times. as much in- vestment ’“in warehouse and packing equipment, dends’ to the members amounts in some cases several times the original capital stock furnished. These divi- dends are apportioned on.the basis of the amount of stufl handled for the var- ious members. Members of the exchange buy such things as s'pray material, cement, flour, cattle feeds, lime and " fertilizer through the exchange at wholesale prices. The financial gain represented by the saving on these necessities, the extra prices received for fruit, and the .. dividends received, represents a large amount of economic satisfaction and in- sures the permanent: support of the members. The question might very naturally arise in the mind of an outsider, “Why has this association succeeded almost phenomenally while others have fail- ed?” The answer is to be found in the management and policy as above men- tioned. The exchange has been fortu- nate in securing the services of a com- petent manager. readers to know that the manageriof this going exchange is a woman. Miss Myrtle ConWay, who had had a consid- e1 able business t1 aining in owning and operating several stores, has been able to. gain the support and confidence not only of the growers but; of the best buyers as .Well, steered the association through the troubled waters of its experimental stage, out into the calm sea of suc— cess. The lesson that might well be learned from this organization is the‘ recipe for successful cooperation. This might be stated as follows: First, a carefully planned, well organized asso- ciation with a definite miSsion; second, a manager of ability who has the un- divided support and confidence of all members; third, a policy at the outset which will guarantee a market for the products of the association and the confidence of all people With whom the association must deal. C. A. S. TRACTOR DEMONSTRATIONS: V HE tractor demonstration‘at Ann Arbor, May 9, is the second bf a series of demonstrations which will be held in the state during the next two mo.nths The direction of the field management is being handled by the farm mechanics department at M. A. ------ Will be used in the demonstrations, which are expected to show the pram- ' . . cabiiitysof passions power on Michigan f I farms“; What»wouid remand to join ' assoc ' ‘ " it has paid back in divi~' It may surprise some" and . has successfully - , list _ hive Satisfactory Service i , .When-you buy a Moline-Universal Tractor the transaction does not _. -, p _ _ endthere. In addition you buy” Moline Service—which.is service. that . '. - ‘ ' satisfies. ”This means that with intelligent operation yOu will be able 2 ' to keep your tractor working to full capacity during its entire life. _ V Mo.line-Service means exactly what it‘ says-’--and we have perfected an? organization which enables us to furnish Moline Service that satis- . , , _ flfies. Weircan do *this‘because; ,. ' ' .‘-~«v .‘ P . 1.’ Twenty-three Moline factory branches in all parts of the 'United States carry stocksof repairs and complete machines—in, charge of an expert service department. — ' f 2. Factory branch territorie‘s’are sub-divided into service ter- writories each. in charge of a resident Moline Service Supervisor-— ‘whose sole duty is to see that Moline Service is properly and ' promptly furnished in his territory. ' 3. Every Moline Tractor Dealer is required to carry Molin‘e-‘ {Universal Tractor repairs in stock and have a competent service department to provide prompt and efficient service. . . . ow-..“ ”an ' - i, ‘ . 4. .Tractor schools of short duration. in charge of expert in- . -'_- ,. .structors, are being held in co-operation with Moline Tractor 1 ‘ i . ' ’ .- iDeale‘rs,’ to instruct farmers in the care and operation of Moline- ? * - ’ Universal Tractors. These schools will continue to be held as _l-Ong as there is a demand for them. a 1 ‘5. With every Moline-Universal Tractor we ’furnish a com- .\ *plete instruction book, giving full information on care and Oper- . “ation of the tractor. 6. Moline-Universal Tractors are simple in construction, have Zithe best materials and workmanship money can buy, and all working parts are quickly accessible. - _ Thereforewe are prepared to back Mbline ServiCe to the limit and you are sure of getting {constant and satisfactory work from your Moline-Universal Tractor. .. g. n , .» If any Moline-Universal Tractor is not giving its 'owner satiSfactory service we want to A371. ~ . . ‘ :know about‘itv immediately. ‘ .. .l“. 1' h f Y ' 1 The Moline Plow Company leads the Tractor induStry—first, in developing and perfecting the, . f; ' original tWo-wheel, oneernan' tractor which does all farm Work including. cultivating, and, ' “l .-_again in announcing a service plan which makes a “booster” of every Moline Tractor owner. Join the throng of “Moline Boosters. ” You will be able to do twice the farm work at half the expense. See your Moline Dealer now or write us for full information. vii-TMOIine PIOW'C'Ompany, Moline, minds. fr , , , g . W , _ . :9- - A, >Factory Branches At; . . ‘ -Atl_an_g¥a' . _. T Stylgouis . Stockton Denver ‘ Minot Indianap‘ofig , Newerlean's) , . . ,‘Poughke‘epsie" - . Spokane , Kansas City Sioux Falls .‘Columbus, 0% . Dana's: ii" a: Bahama: I » Portland Omaha ' Des Wines . Jackson, Mich/ . .Qmahcmacw- , Mame)» , , - Salt Lake City or - Minneapolis ~ - Bloominetrsnm i ) .Seryic‘e‘That Satisfles ‘ c - by Ajax Tires ' Are Farmers Choice There’s one big outstanding reason—greater mileage.\‘ The man who farms is much more vitally concerned with tire service than his in-town brother. He requires topmost tire strength, for the roads his car must travel are not always sleek and smooth. And so, sooner or later, he chooses Ajax Tires—the only tires possessing Shoulders of Strength. Ajax Road King Ajax Shoulders of Stren h are buttresses of rubber that brace both sides of t e tread. Note the picture of the Ajax Road King. See how that burly tread is but- tressed. It has more rubber where it should be—more tread on the road. Shoulders of Strength are chiefly responsible for the sur rising mileage records estab- lished by the Ajax Roa King. Your nearest Ajax dealer carries a complete supply of Ajax Road Kingtires—also Ajax Inner Tubes, and Ajax H. Q. Tire Accessories. Ajax Tires Are Guaranteed In Writing 5000 Milet-w AJAX RUBBER COMPANY, Inc. New York Factories : Trenton, N. J. Branches in Leading Cities A; 1 . TIRES Planet Jrs. increase your production and lessen your cost . You get bigger and better crops with less expenditure of * time, labor, and money, for Planet Jr. tools enable you to cultivate easrer, qurcker, and more thoroughly. They are time-tested tools, so careful, accurate, and substantial in con- struction that they last a lifetime. Fully guaranteed. No.. 90 Planet Jr. Twelve-tooth Harrow, Cultivator and Pulverxzer is aprime favorite with farmers. market gardeners. straw- berry. sugar-beet- and tobacco growers. Its twelve chisel-shaped teeth . and pulvenzer leave the ground in the finest condition. Adiustable to‘both Width and depth. making close. fine work easy. No. 90 _ No. 25 Planet Jr. Combined Hill and , Dnll Seeder, Double and. Single Wheel- Hoe, Cultlvntor and Plow sows all garden seeds from smallest up to peas and beans.“*in hills or in Ill-s. rolls down and marks next row at one pas- esce. and enables you to cultivate up to two acres a day all through the season. Straddles crop. _ l 20 in. lush. then works between them. aLmacomlisid‘" . \ F but half of the meritsclaimed for I the new varieties that are introduc- ed from season to season, were un- reservedly true, what a wealth of strawberry excellence we fellows at the commercial end of the line would have to. select. from ;.A'but, alas, out of ' the'very great number of varieties that have been introduced with such posi- tive assurance of Superior excellence, how few, indeed, are the number that stood the practical test of the commer- cial market. Glowing descriptions are all right from the viewpoint of the plant grower, no doubt, but this fact is of no material assistance or satisfac- tion to us other fellows. Oh, no, it is not that I would cast any reflection upon personal veracity; not at all. It is a mere matter of word juggling by the strawberry plant en- thusiast that has led to hope, time and again, that a real marvelous creation had been secured. ' ~ ‘ Now, it is a pretty safe hunch that it is to the good of our pocket to let the ‘ - other fellow do the experimenting with these high-priced, new creations; still, it is sure heaps of fun to try out these new sorts for one’s self. There is a certain sort of pleasure, not to be se— cured elsewhere, in watching the growth and behavior of new sorts; for there is always greater or less varia- tion in the color and form of foliage and fruit, and in the characteristics ”and habits of varieties. Then, too, one might secure something that was real- ly worth while, and thus be enabled to put a good one over on the other fel- low, don’t you see. Yes, if it were not for my financial good, there is that something in the game that would lead to the trying out of every new variety as it came out. For upvvards of thirty years the War- field has been our standby. Through every stress of adversity it has made good. For'thirty years I have been searching, in hope of securing a vari- ety that would make a worthy work- ing mate; but I have continued to seek in lvain. The object of our search ap- pears to be as far remote as at first. At first the old Wilson, the pioneer of strawberries, was used as a pollenizer; . and, by the way, I have as yet to test anything better adapted to the pur- pose; if I could get hold of any of the old stock, I believe I would use this variety again, I let the old Wilson go to try Wilson Improved (?) For a sea- son or two this variety did promise well, but soon fell down on the job. When the Dunlop was produced, hopes again ascended, only to be shat- tered once again. Still, I have retain- ed this variety, partly because there ly, in hopes that it might yet make good. During this period I have tested several strains of the Dunlop, in hopes that I might be able to get‘the results that were reported from other sections concerning its behavior; but nothing doing. In the meantime I have been testing several varieties that seemed to promise something, but 4' with no good results. I distinctly recall our experience with two Varieties, the .‘ Pride of Michigan. and the Tennessee Prolific. These varieties were alrighly, r listed? ‘ , I C Troubles of a, Straw‘oerry GroWer ' By ,M. N. ' was nothing better in sight, and, part-. “landed “at . onetime . ushering ., pram, I" lost‘ woneyL-With both, , byset feeonmiiij ' ' ~:»‘:m§theiis or. W ' Edgerton ting heavily before giving them a thor- ough test in a small way. . In our experience with the Dunlop, there is something I don't understand. Though it has proven very-unsatisfac- tory, indeed, with us, it is still used quite largely in some sectionh, and listed by some plant growers well- rec- ommended. It would appear that there must be a great deal in the factor of adaptability of varieties to .local soil, and Other environmental conditions; ' much more than one might suppose possible. With us the Dunlop shows up well at the beginning of the season. Though deficient in foliage, the plant .makes an abundance of bloom. Then, too, the first fruit to ripen is of good size; though the form and color is not equal to that of the Warfield. But, af- ter making a fairly creditable begin- ning, directly, the plant falls down on its job. Moreover, the fruit is inclined to softness, and quickly goes down in the package. Our dealers look askance when I deliver a crate of this variety; and I,have been put to the task 0f_con- . tinually apologizing because of its in- ferior quality; so this variety, too, along withthe many others, must be discarded as being unworthy the posi- tion of working mate to our old friend, the Warfield. One evening, recently, my son and I were looking‘ at some of the beautiful new creations pictured in this season’s catalogs; and, reading the glowing de« scriptions extolling their superior mer- its, strawberry fever sure took a fresh hold. But, rising enthusiasm was dous- ed considerable, by the remark, “Bet~ ter stick to the old \Varfield, Dad." Stick to the VVarfield? -Well, I should remark. I have never entertained the slightest thought of letting this varie- ty go. Still, as the season’s catalogs come I can not but look with longing upon the beautiful pictures, and read the glowing descriptions ’with kindling hopes. This is an essential part of the life of the strawberry enthusiast, I sup- pose. Anyhow, the pastime affords a certain sort of anticipated pleasure, and with no following ill; providing, of course, one does not permit enthu- siasm to get the better of reason, and judgment and knowledge acquired through experience. ‘Now, I am aware that the experience of many growers does not lead them to extoll the, merits in the Warfield so un-. reservedly as does that of the writer. The Wai'fielil, no doubt, has its faults along with its points of merit. Under less auspicious culture and environ ments, its weak points would no doubt stand out more prominently than with us. Be this as it may, I am positive that if I had a staminate variety of equal merit for a working mate, one strawberry grower would indeed be made joyous. , s The successful farm is that one which is so organized that thepland, labor, and equipment, can be utilized in the most profitable manner in the pro« auction of those crops and live stock products demanded ’by the market. With the rapid growth 'of agriculture in the United States many‘ farms have been developed jwithout sufficient ref- erence 1w , ther..demands of the market soothe" bestiismeihods, of hanmmathel growers; but now-they, are not ’iel’s‘lfijrérdygg smelt, utilization, , and themosg‘ i, 293:».< THE Nelson Tractor is the nearth approach to 100 per cent efficiency .~ ever attained in a‘tractor. In official tests it hasconsistently developed 82.6 per cent efficiency atthe drawbar, a performance never before equalled or even remotely approached by any other tractor. It has the sturdy construction, weight, power and flexibility to satisfactorily handle any kind of farm or commercial tractor work under most adverse conditions. A NewType of Chain'Drive—every' other link adjustable and with a tensile strength of 70,000 pounds—provides maximum power and flexibility. Anti-Friction Thrust Bearings prevent disastrous effects of side draft and thrust Of differential gears. Open Faced Wheels Prevent Soil Packing and Assure Maximum Traction. Bear and front axles full floating with heavy duty anti-friction bearings, interchangeable from one part to another. All working parts enclosed and run in oil. Minimum axle clearance 151/4 inches—body clearance 19 inches, making cultivating practicable. A Twenty-Inch Maximum Wheel Tilt combined with four-wheel steer makes easy work of rough, rocky going. Low Center of Gravity, with equal distribution of weight, leaves no possibility of Tractor tipping over.‘ .Powerful Fear-Cylinder Wisconsin Engine, with gear-drivenjan and double-core radiator, assures the most efficient service With the minimum operating cost. The Nelson Tractor has been theroughly tested. It has worked in the swamps of the South, on the rocky hills and mountains of New England. and on the hot, sandy plains of Arizona. _ ' Mud. Snow, Stumps, Rocks, or Hills Won't Stall the Nelson, for it is built to with- standgreat shocks and a 200 per cent overload. An all-year—round tractor that will make your farm more efficient and save you time and money. Write for prices, booklet and name ofnearest dealer. a ‘ We wish to secure at once a few big distributors to handle a large proposition. We have desirable territory open for dealers who are known and respected for square dealing and who will be in a position to give to the purchaser of a Nelson Tractor, full 100% servicgwhich we are advertising and which under our contract. we guarantee to give and w for- . INVES TIGA TE---A CT PROMPTL Y THREE MODELS ‘5-Plow, 20 Drawbar H. P., 28 Belt H. P. 8-Plow, 35 Drawbar H. P., 50 Belt H. P. CHAIN DRIVEN FULL ‘ FLOATING AXLE Illustration below shows exposed view of powerful chain drive running over dropped forged, hardened steel, sheave wheel se- cured to drive shaft not by keys but six splines milled in solid axle shaft. Rear and front axles alike. NELSON‘ CORPORATION CHICAGO BOSTON NELSON BLOWER& FURNACE CO. NELSON MACHINE C0. ' NELSON INSTRUMENT C0. ‘ £9fo . > f 1‘ - k ap- C .l -‘ \:\_5.\-:_:.‘\7§\ . ~ :! “Of course. the price was moder- ate. but what made me like Clothcrajt best. after all. was th' ts guarantee. 1811' t it fair. ~ though!" !%‘ . CLOTHCRAF CLOTHES FOR MEN AND YOUNG MEN . *“ x -—one promzse that we make 272 advance to any man who buys clothes at this store is that he' ll get lOOc- on-the—dollar satisfaction. That’s our guarantee. But really, it’s a double guarantee. Forwhile we guar- antee that you’ll get perfect fit and good ' looks in the Clothcraft Clothes you buy,‘ the maker guarantees satisfactory wear and service. . We can give this double guarantee be. cause the quality is in the clothes— in honesty of fabric, in smartness of style, in scientific tailoring that does away with expensive ways of doing things. (:1 ‘1712 CLOTHCRAPT STORE In lbur ‘Twn . 'teTheJoseph 8: Feiss Co.. (Hell. Clair Avenue, N Vl. Cleveland. Ohio. for yourcopy .ithe Clothcrafl Clothes Book. “Never SaW' A Bug’? “The potatoes that I sprayed With Pyrox kept green until the frost killed them, without a Sign of blight. I never saw a bug on them after using Pyrox. It ,is easier to apply than any mixture I have ever used, and will not wash off in the heaviest showers.”—-L. A. LITTLEFIELD, winner of the first prize of $200 in a Maine potato grow- ing contest. hit: I; I PAY on. “The Spray that Adds to Your Profi " in»: am: use-nun kills the bugs as fast as they appear, and pre-_ vents blight and rot. Use it on the young plants before bugs or blights get their start. Why not try it? You might like it. ’ Get this Pyrex Crop Book. It tells how to tact your crops against hugs, worms and disease. 33:5 for a copy today. A postal card will bring it. BOwker Insecticulloe06 $9 agony} 43.11“ Chadian St. Boston Asparagus as 0 By C. .4. CASH crop is always a popular A c1'0p with the farmer, providing it produces enough cash, 'A crop of this nature is doublypopular if it can be realized on in the spring or early summer when the bow of farm funds is outward and the. farm ex. chequer isillkely to be very lean. Fol. lowing the line of least. resistance it is usually the crop easy to raise to which the ordinary farmer turns. But it is thei crop not so easy to get startv ed, perhaps, and not so ordinary that will usually give the best return if a success can be made with it. Because it is not so widely grown and because it is not'so easily raised, asparaSUS‘is proving a,good cash crop to certain Michigan farmers today. Now I suppose if all'of the men who are looking for spring cash crops would turn to asparagus, the market might be oversupplied and thus the very end might be defeated. It is pantly because of the fact that so few men are raising asparagus today that it is a good cash crop. 'For, as one suc- cessful farmer expressed it, “If you want to make a success in farming, you must stand.still when nearly ev- . erybody else is running and when near- ly everyone is standing still, you run.” It is because of this fact that I be- lieve a few more farmers could profit by making use of asparagus as a side.- line, that I shall attempt to tell of the experience of‘one farmer with this crop. The farmer has made what I consider to be a distinct success with asparagus. I shall tell his experience in as nearly his own words as possible. “In 1910, after having heard consid- erable of the success that one of the farmexs in this county was having with asparagus, I drove over to his farm and talked the matter over with him. As a result of this visit, I arrang- ed to purchase enough roots frcm him to start one and one-third acres on my own farm. To begin with, I muSt Say that while the soil was a good gravblly ‘ loam, it did not lay as level as it should have for the best results to be obtain“ ed. I worked the piece as free of weeds as possible and the following spring I plowed dead furrows double depth, five feet apart, in which to drop the roots.‘ These were purchased as I have said, from a successful asparagus grower and cost me $700. I set them two and a half feet apart in the row, dropping enough dirt so that they would not dry out. I did not,‘as ordi- narily recommended, manure this piece first. I think it would have been bet- ter, perhaps, had I done so but I did not have the manure to‘spare. As soon as the roots started to grow I went into the field with‘a double culti- vator and threw on dirt enough to just cotter the young shoot up about half» way. This I continued to do all sum- mer at integrals of about two weeks 'until by fall I had my patch well lev- elled pfi. The following spring I ap- plied about forty loads 0f manure to the patch and plowed it \in medium depth asil ‘would plbW‘.for any crop. During this or the second year I did not .cut any of {the crop for market, but Continued to cultivate it in order to keep it clear and to retain the mole It was. not until the non year - ure 5 “that I started to receive any income ., from the piece That year I sold assist < $70 worth of asparagus. “The next spring: early, I mowed the a Cash Crop Spelt/ding patch" and raked it clean: I then ap‘ plied about Iorty loads of_manure and ploWed it as before. This has contin- ued to be 'my practice with the patch. I have varied it slightly as when last year I was unable to.~plow it early enough and I disked it thoroughly in ‘ stead. TWO or three times I have burn— ed the patch ove1 instead of moWing it. This freed it from the dead tops and left any fertilizing element in the ashes ion the patch' 1 have always been careful to stop cutting from about- the twentY-flfth to the thirtieth of June _in order not to weaken the crowns, for it, is necessary for strong, healthy growth ab0ve ground if the crowns are to increase in strength. “My income‘from the crop has stead- ily increased from the third year when, as I said, I sold about $70 worth of asparagus. only $25 and since my family packed all the product, the only other expense was the crates which cost me about $12. This last year, which was the sev~ enth year, I took off 333 crates. These brought me $516.07, the crates cost me" $15, and my expense for cutting was $61.25, leaving me a net profit of about $440.00. / “I believe I could do even better than this if I' could give it more attention but I can not spare the time from my orchards and other work to work the bed as much as I should. Of one thing I am sure, however. It is impossible to raise the finest quality of asparagus ‘ withoLit large quantities of manure. I have watched the other shippers when I have been marketing my crop and I have always had more of the “fancy" grade than they. For instance, this last year over fifty per cent of my sales went as “fancy.” It is this grade that makes the profit. Fewer stalks fill a crate and it costs a little less to pick it and pack it. It can only be’produced, however, ‘by applying large quantities of well-rotted manure. I would not ad— vise anyone to begin asparagus culture unless they were sure they could have at least thirtyfive oi forty loads of ma- nure per acre each year. “I have kept a strict account of my sales and of my costs for cutting and marketing but I have never figured up the cost of producing the crop. But I should estimate the average yearly cost for manure, labor in plowing and cultivating, plus the interest on the in- vestment would total about $65. I have received in the last seven years a gross total of about $2, 000. This would leave me a net income of about $120 per acre per year. This last amount is a good figure but to me the significant thing is that the net income is increasing all the time and my patch, of course, is getting more valuable each year. ‘f‘I do not claim that my methods, and practices have been the ideal way to produce asparagus but ,1 do know I . have been fairly successful and when anyone sa‘ys'cash crop to me it earls I to mind just one thing—asparagus.” Watch ., the 7feed mangers. If the coin are straining to’get more, give them snot-her handful; if they do not lick the mangers clean but act mincy, cut down the ratlé‘ns a little. and. she-"will do her very bests f Curtainless" windows and so we natal ., My cost for cutting was Treat the cow ”you would a. lady, . i . ., p ,0,“ a» 1W4“ 1 n, i .5, J < . '1" . ' V y I .. 1W ' , X‘. a.» ‘ ‘ .. _» . ' , n. l ‘7' afiY: iarmeré i‘ Think . utters Are Alike BUT there’s a difference—a big, x/i'w ‘77 % 371} g, vital difference—between Kalama—, __ v w ‘zoo 'Ensilage Cutters, and the I a ; §\‘ ,- - - —————— ”‘ ’ ommon,ordinarykind. This ’ ‘ - = ‘ ' i ' iheéms much to you in times like these when it is- so”‘essen- tial that‘ydu save time, labor and power. _ - ' é‘i la g e Thousands of farm ers. throughout the United States have proved to their own satis- factiOn that a Kalamazoo Ensilage Cut- ter means more silage and better sila e at the least possible expense and troubfe. ‘ The Kalamazoo is, above all, a SAFE cutter. Every part is guarded to prevent accidents. . KalamazOo Ensilage Cutters are built on scientifically correct mechanical principles and a are Simple, safe, durable. They are deSIgned to give you years and years of trouble-free service. _ ‘- ‘Ensilage Cutters ," The IWorld’s Standard” ‘ . ‘ 5:: Note These 1 O Specnal Features l—Malleable, unbreakable knife wheel. (iv—Triple feed rollers insure steady feeding. “ 2—4All working parts covered to preVent accidents. 7-Strong, sturdy, life-time frame of channel steel. 3—Center-shear cut gives even flow of ensilage. 8—Reversible shear bar gives four cutting edges. 4—Absence of vibration lengthens life of machine. 9—Hard oil cups provide ample lubrication for i' 5—Less power required because of center-shear every part. and no vibration. IO—Guard to prevent accident in case belt slips. The biggest of all these big Kalamazoo features is the center-shear cut. It means smoother running, less power, less vibration and longer life to the machine. Of \ course there are a great many other points wherein the Kalamazoo excels. You x W111 find them illustrated and fully described in our big catalog. Write for your . \\ copy today——it shows .all sizes-of Kalamazoo Ensilage Cutters. DEALERS: We want responsible representatives in every community. Write for particulars. Kalamazoo Tank 8r. Silo Co. 93;- Kalamazoo, Mich. W..’." .~.V.',' 11/29/11 \\\‘: I \‘l u \4 Q, ’ r I / > 5 3/0. \ig§§ '17 .— ', g};v—“ .inggitL _, Ymr Conger: ltDrmvThMoil, ' with the United SeeThruIcat Cup 5:11.911er cur MADE . .» derlul feature. sanitation. ~ - The UNITED Milks Just Like the Sucking Calf just like the expert hand milker— the United Relief Valve varies the vacuum for hardsnd easy milkers. UNITED is Every Men’s The patented extension rubber top gently mas- the udder, perfectly imitating the nose This, combined with the cool. atmospheric massage created by the patented UNITED Valve. causes cows to sages action of the calf. give down their milk freely. “See-Thru" is the only test cup that works on both ~ udder and tests. - t—r-r - . ' of literatu re, and Always know which feats are milking. With the , UNITED MILKER you can “SEE-THRU" the 'LJ’TCups. UNITED is the only milker with this won-_ "SEE-THRU" Cups are made of a transparent, wear—resisting material to with- stand hard knocks. They are the some of . Milker The price is so reasonable and UNITED 1s efficient that it will make money for the owner Ask for illustrated SI! 01’ more COWS. WRITE FOR PRICES TODAY C. L. SPRINKLE. Pres. UNITED ENGINE COMPANY LANSING, MICHIGAN SOPHIE‘S AGNES JUST BROKE THE. WORLD'S J F R S E ‘1 Y i A R L Y BUTTERFAT RECORD BU FFALD CORN BUFFAIO GLUlP.N '. HI R GRAIN RAT ION ~VA> ".. H. .7.:‘..7r10 GLUTEN FEED erle to II. (KRYSTAL, Selling ll p11 inlaljxe for sample, feedrng forn1u142 Sell Your Milk O nou’r our our ASlloe Boil,Capped flock or Bursitis A FOR BSORBINE will reduce them and leave no blemishes. ‘9“? NARA ll (1 L! S PAT (“If Stops lameness promptly. Does not blis- ter or remove the hair, and horse can be worked. 32. 50 a bottle delivered. BOOKS ll tree. ABSORBINE. JR.. for mankind. the sntiseptic finishes! for Balls. Bruises. Sores. Swellinxs. Varicose Veins. _ Alhys Psin snd inflammation. Price 81.25 s home at drug- “ or delivered. Will tell you more if you write. I.F.YOUNG. I I C .,268tsssls8t.Sorlnglisld. Mass. Fistula... m“ Approximately 10. 000 cases are successfully Weech Fleming’s Fistoform No e erienesssecesssry; essv end simple; Just s little .tterfion e.very6th¢s! Price $2.00 sullen-s rsex ”Mr-m retooled N Is tslls. Send for free copy of mum vssrmn lem m Vsl'usble for Its lnformstlon um: diseases in! horses end csttis. mes. 81 illus dens. Wr its today. rlomsm. mm sprawl Clip in the Spring Treat your horses wouldn t do your spring work wearing your win- ter overcoat—don' t make your horses work while ’ burdened with the winter' 5 clothing. Chp them A Stewart machine costs only $9 75 and lasts a lifetime. Send $2. 00 and pay balance on arrival. or write for 1919 catalog showing complete line - of clipping and shearing machines. case see FLEXIBLE sneer con , Dept. Al27. nth St end Csntrsl Ave., Chicqufl. I will condition a Horse or ‘ Cow in twelve days. 1 Put flesh on its bones. Give it life and vigor. Can add 50% to looks and value. Satisfaction guaranteedor no pay. Send postal for free offer. P. M. FAUST, BRYN MAWR, PA. HARROWS flexible woodm beam and Spring tooth her-sows direct I on at wholesale prices. m firsdworlr mg.Co ., Helena, 0. s» mars FAIIEIS ”E..." $131. 3,; . We pay top a rise for our mpoafm mum co. 9 with consideration. You ' sum: piper-11m, Mich. ‘ 9919 lord Building. lelroil, X’s/11c; 2-“ _‘. our dealer? Don’t Feed It to Your Calves! Raise the Calves Easily, Suc- cessfully and Profitably en Blatchford’s ' Calf Meal In the United States alone more than 1 000 NO calves were raised on Blatchford' 3 Cali eal last year. It puts calves through, to a healthy, vigorous, early maturity at less than fine-half the cost of 1111111. Write for booklet: How to Raise FinestCalves on LittieorNoM 1lk ” We llsenditfree, also name of yournearestdealet. Blstchford Calf Meal Co. .4)”; 6815 It! Business Over 110 Ysers O . Ross Silo fillers positive lessbpowertodothe some work Incense; - *3" "Hr: swam-*- I tasteless—Inks slim “mob” D M ’ *i Get our low ms. Farmer t nted. Sam , mnomfhnriniras sous. "signage. omo ; 11s Ward» St. Wold. Ohio ism Farmer miss liming Asvsnlsors , \ e‘ EXPLOSIVES CAN NOW BE. PUR- CHASED AS BEFORE THE WAR. Please give me whatever informa~ tion you can regarding the pi esent reg- ulatiorm in Connection with the: pur- chase of dynamite for farm work. Craward Co. H. G. Because no longer required for the public safety the Director of the Bu- reau of Mines, in charge of explosives regulation, has made the' following changes in the general information and rulings under the Act of October 6, 1917, (40 Stat. 385), and as amended by the Sundry Civil Act of July 1, 1918. 1. All “regulations relating to the purchase,:possession,' and use' of explo- sives for reclaiming of land, stump blasting, "ditching, and other agricul- tural purposes are revoked and no further license will be required. 2. These revocations do not allow enemy aliens or subjects of a country allied with an enemy of the United States to manufacture, purchase, or sell, use 01 possess explosives at any time 3. Provided that nothing in the above shall release any person whoso- ever from complying with the’ law in the matter of safeguarding and stm 1110' .l of explosives. The lailroads have been adxised of this ruling, and county clerks ,have been advised to discontinue the issu- ance of licenses.:D. LIVE STOCK QUERIES. Kindly advise as to the following: At what age, or how long after birth, should buck lambs be allowed to run [with the: flock? At what age should ewe lambs be b1ed? Will the moder- ate feeding of apples tend to cause a milch cow to fail in the supply of milk? About how long after spraying fruit trees can the grass in the orchard ' be safely used for pasturing stock? J. L. Oakland Co. Buck lambs may safely be'allowell to run 'with ewes at from sixteen to eighteen months of age. ‘ Ewe lambs may safely be mated when they are from eighteen to ’twen- ty months of age. Apples are not a good milk-produc- ing feed, although a peck‘ a day will As a general proposition there is no danger in pasturing stock in a sprayed orchard after a good rain has washed off the trees and grass. W. M. K. BRIDGING BRAINS TO MAKE PRI- VATE PROPERTY ACCESSI- BLE FROM HIGHWAY. There is a county drain runs along the road in front of my place, and the bridge from the road to my land‘has become quite unsafe; and as it is nec- essary to curb the side of the ditch in order to keep the road from caving in, which is quite an expense, I desire to know whether it is not the duty of the county or township to keep the bridge in repair? As there is no provision in the stat- utes for maintenance of bridges over ditches by the town Dar-county, other than where the highway crosses them, there is no duty by the town or county to maintain any such bridges, or to build them in the first place. A quo- tation from a leading case in this state may be of interest in this connection. The supreme court said: “If in carry- ing but this object it became either necessary os-expedleht to dig the ditch in front of the defendant’s premises and past his gateway, the commission- er, or overseer acting under his direc- execution of this power, which was en tiroly~~"in> their discretion, they dug the , Our ‘ S ervice: ' public benefit. ~~ you want to get first-class hay. cause no decreaSe in milk flow. Too~ , sour apples should not be fed‘tp the .dairy cows. tion, had a right to do it, and if in the ditch to such depth and width as to ' render it impassable for teams and ve~ hicles going in or out of defendant's fields, they would incur no liability t6 defendant. It would be the perform- ance of a public duty, and the exercise of lawful. authority, from:which, if dos fondant suffered. injury, it would he damage without liability. There is no liability for doing an act which is eith- er directed or authorized by a valid statute, if performed with reasonable care and skill. There is no law which requires the township authorities, in. making or repairing roads, to construct proper or convenient passageways, to enable an adjoining land-owner to reach the traveled part of the highway. If in filling up the low places or’in cut— ting down the hills to improve the pub- lic roads an adjoining land owner is inconvenienced, or his land made more difficult of access, it is an inconVena ience or loss which he sustains for the .He has a right of ac— cess to the public street, and if nece‘s- sary for him to reach the traveled part, he has the right to bridge a ditch or construct a grade for that purpose; but in doing so he has no right to ob« struct such ditch or highway, his rights as a private land-owner being. subordinate to the public right of con— structing and keeping the highways in. repair.” JOHN R. ROOD. TIME TO CUT OATS AND PEAS FOR HAY. I would like to know if there would notbe more food value in it if we wait- ed to cut oats and peas until just about when the cat started to color? I am putting in eight acres for the first time, and expect to ensilo same, and perhaps would have to run water into it to pack it, but the oats and peas would be more developed and I should think would have more food value. Why is itebetter for silo to cut at an earlier date? Kent Co. R. V. 0. If you leave this crop until the peas are developed and until the oat berry is develOped, you make a mistake it until the stage you speak of, they should be left a few days longer and harvested and thrashed for grain. if you will leave any hay crop—4010- ver, alfalfa, timothy, until it gets too mature, the plant becomes dry and ,woody and does not make good pala- table. hay. .Of course, all plants can be out too green. If they are out too green they do not contain the maxi- mum amount of food nutriments. Clo ver should be cut when in blossom and with a large crop one ought to begin cutting it when the first blossoms ap- pear or the crop will be too woody to make good hay before you get through. Timothy should be cut when in full bloom. You don’t want to wait until’ the seeds begin to mature; if you do the crop will be woody. -Now you can make the same mistake with peas and oats. If you cut the crop. when the cats are in. the milk before the berry is formed, at that stage it Contains all the food nutriments it ever will con- tain and, besides, a larger per cent of the plant is digestible and it is much more palatable. The same way with the peas. be enough sap in the stalk so that some of these peas will be developed hard and they will not make as diges- ftible and palatable hay as when cut af- ter the pods are nicely formal. - 'C' C. L. Left' If you wait until the peas" are well fanned in the pods there will .ers. ‘ ,~.”;.’-i,,t,,.,. -. "" sags—o 1.,‘\. r l , 7;...4. .- n‘, .. , m ‘ iv. 11" g . . M.» M'Mgrnmy...“ . ‘ . quotation of how: much fertilizer to use per" acre for corn and‘beans de- ’ hpends (so much uptm your 'soil condi- ' tions that one-cannot adVise’, only in a‘ I, "general: way. As a general rule, a '."'complétfgffértflizer, that is, one-made : up» of approximately four per cent ni- trogen, eight per cent phosphoric acid _ L..- -__._ du’ce satisfactory. results on soil con- taining a fair amount 0: natural? fer- ‘ . ’ . utility. If stable manure is used .a fer~ : ' tilizer containing two’per cent of nitro- gen shouid produce equally as satisfac- , tor-y returns. As a general farm crop proposition one can seldom afiord to use more than 400 or 500 pounds of fer- tilizer peracre for corn, 'either.with, or without, farm manures or green cov- er craps plowed under. The same advice about using a com- plete fertilizer applies with equal force _r ”tun. Walg‘flk , , g ‘ I ' .‘ . . '4 , m ‘ VA. 2’. - k'. I . U swam...»- .. ers recommendthe use of about 300 pounds per acre as the maximum on naturally fertile land. Because beans are a legume crop many farmers be- lieve that a cheap mineral fertilizer is sufficient, but this is not so, for beans respond to a small application ofnitro- gen as profitably as grain or vegetable crops. There is no danger of fertilizer caus- ing corn roots. .tO bunch up and die when dry weather comes, if you mix them thoroughly in the soil before . planting the corn crop. One of the first principles of using fertilizer success- .9— ;,~-v~'.. r M- “many ham-1', M' ERE is an interesting group pic- ture of some of the farmers and their wives of southwestern Mich- They were attending, the. thir- ‘ ; ' teenth annual rural life conference at l ~ '3 ‘ the Western "State Normal School at g Kalamazoo recently.~ The sons and . . , 'daughters of‘many of them have at- igan. and six per, cent potash, should pro-y to the bean crop, but experienced grow-' 3 ’ _Doctors ofSickCommun that: .. flit“ up,’ an face root'siSL-Sure to'haVe hiS'crops'ser- . Rifférgfd. .oiflleg’ 'tgfilfld 'iously injured as" soon'a‘s dry weather ‘, 39,3;1’1399’flthR e; Szer [comes and dries up this growth of roots close to the surface. Plant roots alWays grow 'in the direction of their food supply, hence the importance of getting fertilizers down into the soil K deep enough so that: the plants ,‘can’obf . of drouth. ‘. , ' tain food during: periods) , -, ' ~-W.'w.M.K. A BINDING SURVEY. Many years ago a survey Was made of my farm, and trees bla2ed on the quarter line, and part of the line fence built. I have Just'built the remainder on the blazed line, and my neighbor says it is not on the line, because some of the timber is on my side of the line. As I see it there is no limit, as the timber gro'WS year. , . , A survey in and of itself is not bind- ing On any. persons who are not parties to ’the making of it, and agree to be bound thereby; but those claiming un— der one who was, a party to the survey- and agreeing to be bound by it are also bound by it. And ordinarily there is a pres'umptiOn that the old ‘survey was right; and the- surveyor, making a re-survey will act on that presumption, and should do so in the absence of something clearly showing. that, the survey was wrong. Possession up to a line, whether'fence or survey,- claim- ing that to be the true line, will ripen into title by adverse possession by the -‘ statute of limitations if held for the period. of the statute. The timber line would not prove anything if it'shifts. ~ JOHN R. R001). 0 mos She gave an interesting talk on food production, using charts .for illustrat- ing the leading points presented. Y Back of and between the faces of Miss Cowles and Mrs. Stockman, sits Dr. Ernest Burnharn, head of the rural department of the Western State Nor- mals When he and the writer were ., . ,. . , , Ethefhé-f ‘ V , .on‘g; The ‘farmer.,Who puts his ~81 fizeron top‘of thei's'eil audiencourages _ _ his crops ,to develop a growth or sur- a little .furtherxfievery . tended school there one or more terms and some haye completed the course. This school has‘been a wonderful suc— cess since its start, and President D. B. Waldo and Dr. Ernest Burnham are largely to blame for it. On the' chairs in the two front rows are some of the most noted leaders in agricultural endeavor in Michigan. The J. _C. .Wood'man, lecturer of Michigan State, Grange, the third from the left ,\ end of the front 'row. Next sits Mas~ ter. J. C. Ketcham with his arms folded andjegs crossed. , He is contemplating as, to what. is the ’next best move to "‘ make onj‘the' State" agricultural checker board iii theinfiteres'ts’of the farmers of Michigan. . . »'1.‘h°=-'150;8.an irl «in ,,thé_,,,_,cluhs,of- the; State moognizeé’amsé to. senior member of the hunch is Mrs. O. ‘ the counties with cougty farm agents. . in,“ .kids living on farms near Climax and attending “destrick school" together, both- learned quite a bunch of funda- mental ideas, good‘and otherwise, and some have Stuck Closer thana brother ever. since. ' - V ’ ‘ Next in the second row is Dr. D. B. Waldo, president of the Western State Normal. v- President Warao is one or. the state’s ,most noted and successful ‘ educators. If We remember rightly, he attended M. A. C.,’and‘taught his first school in the old Harmonia school house, still, standing. in the center of Camp Custer. - , . g , Dr. Eben‘Mumford, of M. A. C., sits next .to- PreSident Waldo.) He gave an interesting talk on “Morale in Rural Progress.” During the last few years Dr, Mumford has done a majority, of ' The ;,other speakers sitting f'out 'in - lien“, ‘ Oregon: "W.{;J.<‘comp. g , (Indiana), , N_ , 9-108. Michigan-Avenue, Chicago, Ill. at: are q;J.Ga1pin,I-Madisoh, Wis.; a l , l ' ' e ‘ o-I icy of} _ + e “tandar Oil Compan IT IS the policyof the ‘ ”Standard Oil Company of Indiana to conduct its busi- »' nes‘sin fairness to all: to the consumer, totheemployc, to the stockholder and to the competitor. To deal fairly with the consumer by manufacturing the best petroleum products, distributing them widely and , selling them at lowest prices. Todeal fairly 'with,the employs by giving. him steady work, compensating him liberally, and as far as possible, insuring him against unemployment. . ‘ To deal fairly with the competitor by standing squarely on the broad, gen- eral principle of ‘live and let live—by maintaining open prices and nevcr'de- viating from them. The Standard Oil Company knows that, by reason of its refining and dis- . tribution facilities, and the service it . l renders to customers, it has no need to .. disorganize the market to get its fair share of the business. That is all it expects and wants. n ' It is because of adherence to these gen» eral‘ policies that the Company has prospered, and the Directors have been . able to give a creditable accounting of their” trusteeship ,‘to the 4623 stock-- holders 'who have money invested in the , Com pany. o Standard‘Oil Company .119. a swim «.519: No matter whether you power at the same time. skimming. Ask the United States features. Chicago Portland. Ore Wa ichmrnaospumerior The United 51.1.. spasm: is ‘11...’ ' i -m'dy separator that can bé mu hmfiflherside. . g . handed; no matter what space oreorner you , . wanttofit illmflwUmtcdStateswullcon- harm. The United States isthe onl’ysepaa- rator that can be equipped w Just another exdusive featured the United States—{he separator holding the WORLD’S RECORD for close . show you other equally-important Vermont Farm Machine Company BELLOWS FALLS, VT. Salt Lalo. CR! 0. 3. Farm “(Mi-{Plants and Engine: '- Ihwadccrtisemontte United Mate: Separator. A0511 is and dealers wanted in some localmu. are riglut- or left- ' M _ 1 ith crank-and :V“Q.~.A. dealer to “Manama” flu / \ ning Qualities. all this—and more—in the Gehl Cutter. Gehl Alfalfa Attachment fits 11111 Gehl l‘nsiluge Cutler and pmdures u better utility of meal than any othe1 ulfnltu cutter. ~ Write for Catalog —-5l10wing ‘sllsizcs or Gehl Cutters It ghes full details and explains how and why the Gelul1s the I11 961 iii. termoneycnn bu Convemenl Distributing ouses 111 (11 secttons of the country. Get 'this catalog before you buy 11 cutter. WRI'IE TODA\. Gehl Cutters are solidly 51117121411] steel frame and triple construction wi long well babbitted bearings on the main and blower shafts insure great strength and lig t run- Remrds show that a Gehl Cutter will cut more silage with a given amount of power than any other cutter of its size on the market. can ’t clog and will stand up year after year under the terrific strain of ensilage cutting. You set ‘ . ‘ 3 celpts have averaged in weight 232 These big features put Gehl Cutters m the lead: i All sleelframe: low feed table; triple construction; positive so cly device,- extra big, roomy throat: automatic feeding device—no man required at feed table of that. simply can ’tclog and can be mulated to You want a cutter that runs smoothly.‘ . ehl Cutters; six-arm I: own height of silo; best knife adjustment; independent control of blower and cutter head speed. There 1': a 11's: of the Gehl Cutter f or :11 farmer' .1' and.‘ \ \ “ Was HAY UNLOADING .TOOlS Save cost of many men at harvest time. Save hay and - ., ‘ grain too. soon pay for . themselves with this saving. " Sturdy construction and pat- ented Myers features make hay. grain and fodder unloading eas- ier and' more profitable. Acknowledged for thirty years as the best and most pracncal. Every Hay Unloader. Fork or Accessory protected with the same name of quality which marks the great Myers line of Pumps and Door Hangers Dealers 1.» , 71 everywhere. Be Sure It' s, ‘ Myers. See your dealer . \' or write us Will lost. forever. You 1' I level have to to- build it! heirher will your grandchildren Built from the famous BB. 1211. Vl’l‘BlllED FIRECLAY. The‘ ‘-B V- T" has been on the market eight your; Molt I W. Send for Catalog 1). ' Brazil Hollow Brick and Tile Comm BRAZIL. INDIANA garTags mitosis—best and cheapest means cannot Jflgfion tor Hooch Sheep and Cattle. nddreosnnd number stomped on has. 0.1.16. mnihd in. on occult. FSBurch&Co.llEW.HuronSt.Chic :1.- 'Wll: writing to advertisers please mention “ iclligan Farmer. Warranl'ed to give satisfaction . 11011111111115 CAUSTIC BALSAM ‘ 'A safe, speedy and positive cure for curb Splint, Sweeny, ed Hock,» Strained Tendons,Fou1ider,ca§8ind Putts, and all lameness .trom Spavin, Ringbono and other bony tumors. Cures all skin diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria. gemoves all Bunches from, Horses or ‘ attle. As A HUMAN REMEDY- for Rheu- matism, Spralno, Sore Throat, 0:11., it is invaluable Everyhe bottle or Cunotlc Dal-am 01d (I Wnrbnte “I dtosgligobsatisfmtlon. Price as .75 or o e. s or sent ex- p y tancflons toyi- its real ehnr id. pith ull ‘~ p11 'Sen dggfiescriptlvo circulars. testimo- - nials, etc. Address Tll'l lern- WILLIAIS GOIPm. Olsnlond. Ohio. ONE 1E 11R 107-11g ' part of the year, the aggregate receipts in the seven principal western pack- ‘ing centers for 1919 to late date ag- ‘gregat'ed 9,235,000 head, ‘with 8,867,000 for the corresponding . terially, being much smaller than a year ago. The only unsatisfactory fea- _'not raise cattle, because Swine make ' grown feed. Hisshoats are farmwed finds .. it more profitable to carry the . have plenty of growth. but little fat. This system, he claims, pays better ; than pushing the pigs as a rule, as it - costs less to make them. Wt}; feed V so high, runners must study' to make ments are going to be met. the family. pocket book. Due to large marketings of hogs during the earlyW comparing periOd last ' year,' but during recent weeks the receipts have fallen off ma: lure of the Chicago 'market is the small eastern shipping demand of late, this being due to the fact that eastern markets were relatively lower than the Chicago prices. On the other hand, far western markets have been unusually high, being higher than Chicago prices, this applying to Kansas City, St. Louis and St. Joseph. Recent Chicago re- pounds, and hogs have averaged high in quality, with the bulk of the sales near top figures and sales largely with- . , in a range of twenty-five cents. E heavy butchers are‘the highest sellers, . with light butchers selling from five to! ‘ ten cents per one hundred pounds be The . low them, rough heavy packers going ata big discount. Pigs are few on the market and bring good prices—W. Fg ; TALKS WITH. STOCKMEN. I Clair county, southeastern Mis- souri, “that we farmers along. with our other farm stock and; farming work, a flock of breeding ewes and greatly increase our income, this . requiring but little extra labor or ex- - For nine years past I have car— , pense. ried and raised a few sheep, my flock of breeding ewes never falling below seventy head. Last year with sixty- seven ewes lambing in the'month of .. March, I raised seventy-six lambs which brought $11.15 in July.” A successful farmer stockma-n of southeastern Iowa who is devoted to hog production, sayslhogs are more than mortgage lifters, while he does him much more money. ‘He markets from one hundred and fifty to two hun- dred hogs a: year, all fed on home— 'in March and April and fed to 2275 to 300 pounds. He feeds his pigs lightly until they are ready to go on grass, and he owns a fine tim’othy and clover pasture where they are placed “Hills in pasture they are fed no grain. He hogs along and to full feed them shortj ly before shipping them to market. When the hogs go into feed lots they ARMERS who are engaged more or. , less extensively in breeding and V , j; raising 11033 for the market are unani- ' ~. mous in men“ firm faith in the future;- 52 and any disposition to lessen their corn 1", acreage this year has disappeared, : . '3 with rare exceptions, now that the. shortage of hogs in corn districts has.~ '; been demonstrated. With hogs selling ‘at. the" highest average prices ever j; known "and absolute certainty of enor- ._ , .mous exports of lard and cured hog, ; meats from this country for a long ; time ahead, it is going to be a question whether the foreign and home require- -It seems . not unlikely, however, that the .con-. ,sumption of provisions will fall off in accordance'with the reduction in the f hog supply, with the advance in prices . for bacon, ham-s, lard, etc, to new high ‘5 levels, and similar advances in pork " chops, pork roasts, spaieribs, »etc.“Th1e ; cost of living keeps going up, sndthere i is .a limit to the spending capacity of E find,” 3... s. s.-Renick, or 31;.” can carry. ' In Western Canada _—Make BiggerProfits! The most Wonderful opgortunlt Business Farmers 15111 the " ELE D"”Farms, which can be bought for $15 low an sure 8k) (.11 fines-wt the Canadian National Railways in Wes in mode. “SELECTED” F arms These “SELECTED" Farms arecmeiu‘lly chosen from the cream or the richest wheat and cattle country in America. to meet. your special needs. to resenting 14. 000 miles of railwa whose advice. lanes to settlers. 1'8 01 great not rial value A Corfial Welcome Western Canada exiends shelnful hand to home seek~ 1-11-11. Friendly neigh bars—splendid schools. churches and social, lire—av benefit that you formerly sugared ~11va T you in t , wondemnlyp rosperous 51‘ Big Profits In Wheat, Beef and Dairy Cattle "SELECTED" Farms average more man 20 bushels of wheat per acre. Under specially in vomble conditions a yield of 50 to 60 bushels per hero is n01 uncommon i and dalrv canto yield great profits. Stock thrive onsthc prairie grasses. which in many sections cure sanding and make line hay Cattle an 1111 horses require only natural shelter most of the winner and bring high prices without grain teed-in Low Taxes—Easy Term fl'l‘here is a small tax on the land but buildings im- movements. animals. machinery and person all y are all tax exempt. Terms on "SELECTED" Forms About 10 per cent cash down balance in equal pay, mems over a term of years; interest umwl‘lyf) per cent Special Rates to Home Seekers Special railway rates will be made for homoseckcrs and their effects toencourage personal Inspection or the “”SELECTED Farms along the lines or the Canadian National Railways Full information will beseut free on request. WRITE 0R MAIL COUPON TODAY! _'———=————I-———— l nawrrr Wrosrnn swmm1 Resources Canadian National Rails??- 1 Dept. 3685 Marquette Bldg.,C icago Please send me use and without obligation to me complete into1marion on the items concerning Western Canada checked be] ow. [ 1 Opportunities for bigrpronts In whea' lBlg monev-ma king om stock raisin [ 1 Special Railway Rates for Home See rs [ 1 Business and Industrial Opportunities | Name ......................... s .......................... I Addres.--...-.-............... ....-........R. 'F. D. ......... ~l Town ................................... State ................. I “yogic-an. and den 11. Ever! ' drop milk gets full skim- ming‘lorce of the bowl. Sold on 180 milking tests too. Write for Book and Special Sale Find outtho. quantityégm 31‘1"" not”. ion TREES P111111 so. pm All Kinds I” And M the costotproduotlonaslowaspos, Sibie. _, ‘ ..WW.,F. by experts. .m- ‘ V :17 ,onion 7, crop 11:11:11 the maggots. They are not necessary .on the farm and I‘l'with right methods can be prevented from doing much of the damage that is Iaid up to them. ' . There are three common and de- st1uctive maggots feund in our gardens, and preying on our field crops. They ,are the cabbage" maggot the bean or “seed corn maggot and the imported on- ,.ion maggot. The first two work in much “the same manner, often working in the same crops, their work being in- distinguishable from one another. The 5onion maggot works in the under- groundstem and bulb of the plant from which it gets its name. None of these 1 1 1‘ 2 3 Cabbage Root Maggots at Work. insects are native of this country, but came to us from Europe, probably in soil. Inasmuch as all three of these pests pass through similar life-histories and, as their habits are almost identical, a description of the development of one of them will apply nicelyvto all three. ‘ The cabbage maggot was first re- corded in Europe during the first part 'of thenineteenth century and a few iyears later it appeared in this country, {being foundin Massachusetts. InEu. grope it has been found in the British gIsles, ‘No1way, Sweden, Finland, Hol- land, Germany, Switzerland and Aus- ”tria. In America it has been doing much damage in Canada the northern tier of states in the United States, Pennsylvania, Ohio~and the northern ' part of Illinois. A few cases have been reported from the more southern states,_b11t for the most part it is a northern pest. The common root- mag- got in the'south is of another species. Prof. W. J. Schoene, formerly of the Geneva, New York, Experiment Sta- tion, in writing upon this insect states that no injurious outbreaks have been reported south of parallel forty in North. America and parallel fifty in Eu- rope. In North America parallel forty _ passes through Philadelphia, colum- tween ~Kansas and Nebraska. eggs, thirty being about the average number iaid. These are laid on the stems at the surface of the ground. The newly hatched larva are footless ' and dirty-white in color. They work their “Way under the surface of the ground, eating from the stem as they go.- If it is a tender seedling on which they are feeding, they Will consume nearly the entire root, making irregu- lar channels and grooves. Decay often follows these attacks to which the plant would succumb if by chance it survived the attack of the maggots. Af- . ter about three weeks the maggots transform into pupae, a transformation stage that lasts frOm two to three weeks, depending on/the surrounding “over the seed- bed and madefly-proof. conditions.' The second brood of flies appears from the middle 'of June to the last of July,‘ while aLthird is pres- ent by the last ,of August. Winter is passed either as a pupa on the root or in the soil near the root, or as an adult in cracks, crevices or under the rubbish.‘ Many experiments have been tried for controlling this pest, by various stations, which have proved that most of our “home remedies” are not effi- cient, especially on a la1ge scale. In the spring when the seedlings are just breaking through the soil a frame cov- ered with cheesecloth sould be placed If constructed carefully enough, this will be nearly one hundred per cent efficient in keeping the adult flies from the tender plants, besides lessening the damage done by flea-beetles. Besides this a poison bait has been quite suc- cessful in destroying the adult flies when they come out to lay their eggs. The formula that has proven to be very successful and which is recom- mended in Michigan is as follows: In one gallon of hot water stir until dis- solved, five grams of arsenite of soda and then add one-half pint of New Or- leans ' molasses. Set shallow pans, about twenty to the acre, in the newly Radish Attacked by Root Maggots. bus, Ohio, Springfield. 111., and Denver. planted field and into each pan pour Col also forming the boundary be- some of this poisonous fluid. Over Cabbage, cauliflower, radishes, tur- hips; and rutaba-gas are some of~ the fegetable‘s moat frequently attacked, though. the maggots have been known outtacbcelery, beets, rape and beans. \ The wild 111111112111, white mustard and ' shepherd‘s purse also serve as breed- flag places, The larval or maggot stage . is the only go in the life history of each pan then place a wire, screen hav- ing openings of a-bOut one-eighth of an inch This will admit the adult flies that seem to be very fonoof this mix- ture and. will not allow the bees to get at it. A slice of onion in each dish , makes the bait more attractive for the onion maggots. , , Tar paper disks have proven to be ' very effective. in preventing the adult ,flies from laying their eggs. One should use some care in' selecting the grade 1 .301 tar paper." Some grades of tar pa- ; per Lyrili curl up when exposed to the " .11,th rays of the Sun. Experiments have 1311‘ 1 that a single-ply. tarred~felt roof- , p 1'? 111" "paper is very ofl’ec‘hve not giving 1. Mar above trouble The disk 5111111111 be r Heat and Pressure do not break Havoline Oil You know machinery. You know that - even the highest grade bearings will soon burn out unless they get prepcr lubrica- tion in necessary quantity. There are two kinds of lubricating oils. Thc’oil that stays put. And the kind that. dues not stay put. Many a farmer has had to buy new bearings for his tractor because the oil he used didn’t stay put. HAVOLINE OIL , “LG U8. PAT. OFF. “It makes a difference” COPYRIGHT Havoline Oil is famous for. staying put. The intense heat of the combustion chambers does not break it down. The terrific pressure of the bear- ings does not break it up. Havoline does not per- mit steel to rub against steel, and thus cause the need of expensrvc repairs, replacements, or idle days. One of the grades of Havoline Tractor Oil ex- actly fills the needs of your tractor, whatever its make, type, or length of service, just as one of the grades of Havoline Oil exactly meets your motor car requirements. No tractor man will encourage you to use an. inferior grade of oil. You do so at your own risk. N 0 agent or manufacturer will hold himself respon- sible for a tractor that gets improper lubrication. It IS safer to stick to Havoline. Havoline greases are compounded of Havoline Oil and pure, sweet tallow. Clean to handle and correct in body. [Indian Refining Company New York Incorporated Producorl' and Refiners of Petroleum Send today for the free “No Smoking” sign to tack on your barn. Itmay save your barn from burning down. L I '5': 2):..1 .733: is... w.n"~r’.""1‘: 1k 1.; ESPRAY THE TREES BUT SPARE I THE BEES. VERY fruit grower should under- stand that it is not possible to . the trees, but the importance of tho1- oughness and timeliness is not as gen- erally recognized. To control the insects, and especial-' check, not only should the applications be thorough enough to cover every part of the tlees, but they should be frequent enough to keep new leaves and fluits protected and provide fOl the renewallof the spray when it is washed off. This means beginning spraying soon color begins to show in the blossom buds. When the clusters of fruit buds begin to separate, thus making it pos- sible to coat the little fruit and its stalk, is the proper time for the firstE regular application. One gallon of lime- sulphur solution and one pound of an senate. of lead, or arsenate of magma sium, in powder form, to forty gallons of water is a good spray for apples, but fifty gallons of water should be used for pears, cherries and plums. The spraying should be repeated just before the petals open, and a third ap- w’plication should be made as soon as the fruit has set. One or two more applications at intervals of ten days to two weeks can generally be made to advantage, with a late spray for winter apples about the first of August. Where the San Jose scale has been troublesome, lime-sulphur solution di- luted one to eight should be used be- fore growth starts, and if the green or rosy aphis are present three-fourths of ‘a pint of black leaf forty should 3 be used with each one hundred gallons of grow first-class fruit without spraying 3 1y to keep the fungous diseases in‘ I after glowth starts and just Before the » the filst spray mentioned. Spraying while the t1 ees are in bios som will kill the bees, which are need- ed to fertilize the flowers as well as to supply honey, and is forbidden by the state law. Persons who do this should be prosecuted and township inspectors and others interested should see that the law is enforced. L. R. TAFT, State Inspector of Orchards. CONTROLLING ROOT MAGGOTS. (Continued from page 697). placed, so that the plant occupies the opening in the center as soon as the it is flush with the soil and not bent so that the fly can crawl underneath. Clean culture will do much to dimin- ish the damage a second year. Clear away the remnants of the crop, such as the stumps of cabbages or cauli- 1 flower, as soon as the crop is gathered, since these remnants serve as excel- lent hibernating places for pupae. gist the best thing would be to either plow these under in the fall, or if pos— sible, let in sheep for a while. The writer has taken rutabagas from the field in mid-winter and placed them in cages from which many adults of the . these had either been fed early in the ' fall or plowed under, the number of emerging insects would have been very ‘. mustard is a natural host-plant for this pest, sheltering it over winter, its erad- ication will do much toward the ulti- “mate eradication of this insect. '3 3.1Against the onion maggot one will 319"- liberal use of commercial fertilin: gsand the use of the poison bait will trreompletely‘keep them in check. ' plant is set out, care being taken that ‘ i From the standpoint of the entomolo- ' H. C. Saddoris of Fort Dodge, lowa,re- , ports that the use of his Cleveland Tractor, made it possible for him to harvest his grain last Summer in half the timé: required when he used horses, and with less help. In fact, his l4- year-old boy operated the tractor, pulling one binder, and accomplished as much in the same time as cOuld have been done by Mo horie- pulled binders. each pulled by a, four-horse team. This man, like thousands of other farmers, requires a tractor that will do a variety of farm work. A tractor—that is economical In operation ' -that is built rugged enough to stand up under the strain of hard, gruelling work —that is capable of doing the whole job ' from ploWing to harvesting. 3 The Cleveland is built to supply practically all the power needed on the average farm. it is designed and built. by practical men who know what a farm tractor must stand. it is economical in its use of kerosene and oil—and is small enough to be used profitably on both light and heavy jobs. M111 was ”more days the .s 1.11. - And when it comes to the preparation of the seed bed-é—plowing, harrowing. seeding and ’ planting, the Cleveland Tractor s track-laying construction enables it to go over soft. plowed ground that causes the ordinary machineté “wallow” and “labor". mulesoghorses. ThepoweroftheCleve- loand is used to pull the implement not to “dig "the tractor itself. ltsbroad traction sur- _ And, it does the ' "work. more efficiently than can be done with iacte and light weight per square inch enables-- the Cleveland to “step lightly." and so it does not pack down the soil behind it. ‘ i The Cleveland also will reap, bind, thresll, haul, drag dead weights, cut ensilage, fill silos, saw wood and do the scores of other jobs about the farm that require tractive and sta- tionary power. There s a great, expanding market for the Cleveland. Every day more and more farmers are discovering its real worth. Write for catalog. The Cleveland Tractor Co. _, 19021 Euclid Ave. Cleveland, Ohio Largest producer of tank-type tractors in the» world / #11111. 11. 11111,; K ’ll “I ‘ "("11 E; ‘ r 1 EEEEll EmllEll: l'llll Ellllhl I E111 1,; El 1 lllll ElElllEllll llE11l1E1 1 ;‘ .- ”WW I} LIN: .IOI’N 0" cabbage maggots have emerged. If COLUMBIA!!! Reliability -Strongth Long Life That is what greatly reduced. Inasmuch as the wild- , that a good preparation of the soil, - 1 d. “1?; “s l . /Metal Grain Bin The only practical and scenomical method ofznin storage. Store toreyour. grain in a Columbia MetalBinwh'ere’it will hoists from dameb water and rats. Get your more! main hove it erected for aluminum aresoldby‘allo ‘ everywhere. Please Mention The Michigan Farmer When You Write to Ally-f, 1001-31 We“ must. WWW torE ‘ folder 2110.318 quoting deliver-capstan. Col m ‘ 3 Men! Grannies WW communism smut. TANK Co. 7 you want in a - . windmill. The ' IXL has been made for 46 ‘ ' ears and has all of these " ’ ' eatures.1 - Write for Catalogue. lhlrng-Dodrenbou. successors qi “flu-3W 'W‘Mulmu” -7.” i. . .4 .i l..— the Land of Sunshine and Revolution. The Photo Shows a Tractor Load of Farm Hands on a Mexican Hacienda Starting,r out for the day’s work in A British War Ship, while Sweeping for Mines, Hooked this Giant Hammer- the Fields. head'Shark. The “Paravane” Gear-is a; New Mine-sweeping Device over which Great Secrecy was Evolved During the War. . , The Warm Days of Spring are here, the Old Base Ball Diamond is Drying Off, and soon the sharp voice of the Umpire will Mingle with the Enthusi- astic Cheering in the Grand Stand, as our Home Team Boys give the Secretary of the Treasury Carter Glass, Manages to find time to spend a few Visiting Team'the First WallOp of the Season. The Photo Shows Tyrus moments With his Pets, and here he is shown with two Fine Specimens. They are Owned by S. M. Kaplan, of New York. Cobb, the VVorld’s Greatest Ball Player, in Action. ’flm heme ”dmwiw‘i‘w“ The Yankee “Weieht-Arn Rhein.” A 'eYank‘Doughboyz of the American’l‘hird Photo of the Children of Ostend Celebrating their Liberation from the Hun. _Division, Army of Occupation in Germany, on Guard lIl Coblenz-on-the- The Joy and Gladness that Filled those Little Hearts is Clearly Shown Rhine, On the Opposite Shore Loomsthe Fortress of Ehrenbreitenstein. by their Smiling Faces and Cheering. . JCK‘J’D’ / '7 ' » A Std'nning Spring. Sport Outfit. Her.” Costume Blends with the Forest Browns and Greens. The coat ‘is _ a , _ , Brown and (White heckedDovetone, _ ._ e ;_ M, , n » - ' - . , ‘ ~ . -. ». ' 7 u ' ' ‘ ' ’ i ”With . Champagnes" veton ; a Quiet, Wayithe Farmer’s Wife, his Sister, his Mother, his Sweetheart,'*IPlayedja Big Part in War Work and can mm s ‘B _ ‘ lastly Claim now that the Smoke of Battle has Cleaned away, that their Work was even more Effective than, 6' ' that ‘of their Urban Sisters. , When the Men were,Called to the Color ”the Wo‘men had to do a Real Man’s Work. 7 ' :‘- Copyright by Underwood & Underwood, New York . \ . , the fuel you figure on buying for next winter with the fuel these. Homer users burn tor. fu- than in“ _ a. ma ' Portland. 01's., "I had one of the largest size t taken out and a Homer -Dr. ‘1‘. M. MINNIS, {7y HE Homer Furnace A The Homer Pipeless Furnace can be installed in the smallest cottages and the largest houses -—in stores, 'halls and churches, with the results that have made $5,000 enthusiastic users. It is specially a d a p t e d for houses already built—eliminates tearing them up for pipe furnace installation. Heats better and for less than two or three stoves. Burns hard and soft coal, coke, wood, cobs —in fact, any kind of fuel. AV ‘V 'VAVA‘"; Without obligation on my part, send "I have used the Homer Furnace for two years. I have ten rooms and bath and I have no trouble in keeping the temperature at 70 or 75 in every room in the house the coldest or zero weather. . could not heat my house with it, but it would keep the basement so hot hadh at I could not keep my fruit or vegetables in the basement. So i Furnace put in. My basement is cool- and I have all the heat in the house we want. As to fuel, it takes less, almost half; to what I used in my other pipe furnace yet that is half as clean as the Homer Pipeless Furnace." healthful, even heat in every room of your house from the one register—it assures perfect ventilation —it eliminates useless, heat-wasting expensive piping necessary in ordinary furnaces. TH ORIGINAL PATENTS!) Fineness FURNACE :HOMER URNACE Homer Furnace (10., Dept. F-S Homer. Mich. about the Homer Pipelese Furnace—and how I can get more . \/ ‘ furnaces in my basement. but \/_ \ furnace. I have never seen a 1219 Upper 8th St., Evansville, Ind. is warranted to. give you Get the Facts. Now 35,000 users are saving money with Homer Pipeless Furnaces. Learn what they say about it. A stamp and envelope enclosing - the coupon below may save you many dollars in the cost of your heating plant and in its operation by bringing you con- vincing information written by users of Homer Furnaces. Write NOW so you can know how much coal to order for the winter. VV AV me full information o heat in a room house with less fuel, cost and bother. Name Street or R.F.D Stats V v '6'in A'AAv "AA VALAAAAAAAA‘ VVVV V V .IA/A‘ ‘1 AV VAVAVA AVAVA A A A'/ AVA A /A AVA N my boyhood day's snakes and boys " were sworn enemies. Many boys are now taught—and all should be -—not to kill harmlgss snakes. _Antipa- thy, enmity to even harmless snakes, is natural. Today, while I would not think of killing a harmless and useful bird, I cannot say that I am extremely fond of handling live snakes, although I sometimes do so. When remonstrat- ed with by my wife, during my latter days in California, for allowing a huge gopher snake to make his headquarters under Our back steps, I carried him gently a. long way from the house, then left him in new surroundings in a beau- tiful orange grove. Apparently my se- lection of a future home was not satis- "factory to the snake, for only two hours’ afterward our gopher friend was seen crawling under the house, with a satisfied expressionson his counte- nance, as though‘ to say: “Here I am, home again!” He may have said to himself: “Goodness, I did not need all this exercise,” under the impression that I did it for his health. Having made this conscientious effort to have him change his domicile—and his- af- fections—both my conscience and the snake rested easily. Whether my wife rested as easily I do not now remem‘ ber———in some respects I have a very - peculiar memory. . But I must hark back to the snakes of old Connecticut. The black snake made the biggest bluff, but he was harmless~almost human, this trait made him seem, at times. Formidable indeed, to my boyish-r eyes would some five-foot black snake seem at times, as he faced me, hissing savagely, and seeming to say, “come on, if you want a fight.” Occasionally they reached a length of six feet. Once—and once only——do I‘ remember of being routed, of making an inglorious'retreat. A Ihuge black snake in the center of a brush pile was apparently spoiling for a fight. So fierce did he appear that I retreated and left him monarch of all he surveyed. A courageous lad was the boy who looked over a fence and saw what he thought was a single enormous snake. Bee Supplies Bee Hives. Sections. Comb Founda- tion, Smokers. etc. Send torcatalog. Can sup ply beginner' s mums either with or pwithout bees. Circular on request Beeswax wanted. Berry Baskets Standard quart, wood berry bas- Lots and wax-lined paper baskets Send for 161(1th crates in flat. price cashew. - M. H. HUNT & SON Box 525 - - Lansing. Michigan BOOK 0N poo DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by Ana-“'5 the Author Pioneer H. CLAY CLOVER CO., lac. Dog Rom-db: 118 West 318i Street, New York DlCKEY GLAZED TILE 511.05 “ The Fruit Jar of.the Field " SPECIAL OFFER to those who write now. W. S. DICKEY CLAY MFG. CO. Ksusss CH1. It. Ghsltsnms. Isnn. Threshes cowpeas and soy beans v from the mown vines. wheat. oats. rye and barley. A perfect cor'rli‘bination machine Nothing like i emac ease ‘It ill to e d Moran: Diryeotor Tvgnnlnlggp. gt: £3.01ng ”free - ,, Kisses-P eaa: Bean erCo. , MORRISTOWN. TENN. i Inpigs Ask for catal " M ° “mini? OttaWs 8t. .. Imus; The Threshing Problem L hine I have been looking! forforglyoars. ” " CHIC-AN GROWN 38305 'Ship Your Woo-l to the National Wool Warehouse 8_z Storage Company The National Wool Warehouse ‘8; Storage Company,a , aselling agency controlled by Western sheepmen, will give your clip individual attention and Will render you a separate account of sale if you market your wool through their organization. We Advance 35¢ Per Pound ‘upon farm wools to all shippers using our R. Bill of Lgding, ipterest at 7%. Our Low Handling. Charges 2%; Per Pound Covers grading, storage, i n s u r‘- ance and selling. lf sales are not made within 4 months of date of arrival additional storage charge of 15c per month per bag will be made. We advise gathering the Week together in ear-load lots and shipping under one name, to reduce freight charges. retaining Uie individ- ual grower' s marks on each clip. Shippers are invited to witness the grading of their wool at our Warehouse. Write us today for further particulars NATIONAL WOOL WAREHOUSE & STORAGE COMPANY : 4300 South Robey St. Chicago. [IL I'I-II'I i-IIIII-IC-CUI. form sight draft attached to the original R... ~‘u’IIIIII I'll-DIN...III.II.-I.IIIIIIIIlllllll.‘.............. J Seizing a. fence stake and attacking the coils of snake he soon killed not one, but two,‘ black snakes whose com- bined length was eleven feet. The water snakes of the old river, fully through the grass of the mead. .the small—but saucy and venomous- looking—flat-headed adder, were alike promptly dispatched by the boys of the farm. These were all harmless, with the possible exception of the flat-head- ed adder. To this day I have not been able to find out whether they are venl onions—if they are not they are a. mighty deceiving critter. Possibly their ‘conscience is not as tender as that of lthé little girl who was afraid to pass the cow on her way to school. When her mother said, “Susie, just hold your head and march right past as if you were not afraid,” the conscientious lit- tle maid said, “Mother, wouldn’t that be deceiving the cow. 9” A very peculiar snake was found in snake any more than I would a song" . covered an army. the striped snakes that glided grace-g Iows, the more rare milk snake, and, puddles of water and in the rain bar- rel5 Hair snake, it was called," as it resembled a hair, but was somewhat stoutep.‘ ' Of course, we boys .believed, in the innocent and unsophisticated days of youth, that they really grew from a hair—possibly we figured that some man had started the tribe during a fit cf delirium-tremens. . We had only one venomous snake. Up among the Blue Hills, where the cock partridges stalked and drummed -—sweet~ music\ to my boyish ears—and the. blackberries grew in profusion, were a few copperheads. Chunkheads' they were in "the country Vernacular. Short, chunky, 'slow, repulsive crea- tures they were, with no warning rat- tle to say, “Beware2f’ ‘ Friends of.ours who lived in‘ a farm house under the mountains, found a. fine specimen upstairs, under the bed, . 'on one eventful day. number when he crawled slyly into the house, but’ he was as dead as a coffin nail when he came out—”that is, all but the harmless end, the tail, which the old farmer stoutly‘declared would not die until sunset. How fortunate, if this belief prove true, that the snake is more like the auto than the mule—- dangerous in the front instead \of the rear. While I am never guilty of killing a. harmless snake in these present days of gray hair and California sunshine, when I make trips in the mountain I dispatch every rattlesnake who angrily disputes my right-of—way to the moun~ tain trails. Many a fine set of rattles I have brought home—five sets on one trip. And yet I confess that I only kill rattlesnakes because I must. There is a lurking feeling of sympathy for the poor snake who only uses his fangs for self-defense, after giving us fair warning. . A very peculiar incident occurred on one fishing trip. I discovered a rattle- snake on the gravel by the stream—or rather he discovered me. ,He could not have made more noise if he had dis- He would rattle, then retreat, keeping a weather eye on the bushes in his rear, and then coil and rattle again. As Icould not find a stick I attacked him with stones. A luckiess shot nearly severed his rat~ tles from His body. Unable longer to rattle he escaped to the brush, a really dangerous snake, as he could no longer give warning to any trespasser upon his stamping ground. When we think of snakes we are re- minded of the legend of St. Patrick's disposal of the snakes of Ould Ireland. At last the-re. was only one snake left; a huge, cunning old fellow. St. Pat- rick kept his wits-working overtime—— this was before the days of labor un- ions—and at last he had a very bright idea. He made a nice little chest; then he said, “See, my darlint, what a nice home I have made for you. " This evidence of saintly good- -Will . and friendship was the snake’s undo- ing; he crept in until only the tip of his tailrema‘ined outside. “Look-out for your. tail!” said the overjoyed saint as he slammed down the lid, then carried the chest down and threw it into the sea. . “Let me out! let me out!" frantical- ly called the poor, deceived remnant , of the noble order of Irish snakes. “I’ll let you out tomorrow,” said St. Patrick. “ It is currently reported that sailors today—~1rish sailors—occasionally sail over that spot, and they always hear the poor, seasick serpent lifting up his voice and I saying eagerly, “Is tomor- row come yet": is tomorrow ,come yet?” 0 . He was a live" \ I a- 2/ JEIWEiza2CU A cLAss 91115211.. \ ' a thing as the best” '2 . When the late Bill Nye was planning to start his weekly paper, a friend one . day propounded this Question: “Bill, is your paper intended to reach any special class?” “You bet,” replied the bald-headed humorist, “the class that has $2. 00. ” CONSIDERATE. “My boy,” said the millionaire, lec- turing. his‘son on the importance of economy, “when I was your age I car- “ried water for a gang of bricklayers." “I’m proud of you Father,” answered his offspring; “if it hadn’t been for your pluck and perseverance, Imight have had to do something of that sort myself.” SPEAKING OF BIRDS. 'Just as the village “out-up” tilted back in his chair on the veranda of the small-town hotel an old horse mov— ed slowly past. “Say, sonny,” shouted '.the “cut-up” to the boy astride the animal, “how long has that‘horse been dead ?” Quick as a flash the boy replied: “Three days but you’re the first crow that has noticed it.” COULD HE DODGE IT? The inspector was visiting a country school. He“ was asking some of the children questions. After a while he said to a junior class: “Now I want some of you to ask me a question that I can’t answer.” After a few vain attempts a small boy said: “Please, sir, if you were stuck in a pool of mud up toyour neck and a brick was thrown at your head, would you duck?” THE DOG CAME BACK. A; bird dog belonging to a man in Mulvane disappeared, and the owner suspected it had been stolen. So he ‘putthis ad in the paper and insisted that it be printed exactly as he had written it: “Lost or run away—One livver cul- ered burd dog, called Jim. Will show signs of hyderfobby in about three days.” The dog came home the following day. IF HE wens mp VAN WINKLE. Out in the yard on a hot day the foreman 'found a laborer fast asleep under the lee of a lumber pile. With a stern smile the boss said. “Slape on an’ be darned, ye terrier. While ye slape ye’ve got a’ job. When ye wake up ye’re out of wurruk.” Today’s Riddle Rmme ON A WHAT Faun” 51401111) 1 BA Rt MlNDE—D OF? Many men set “the best" as their goal. They. seek out worthy materials for their Work. They gather skilled craftsmen and hold before them high, secret of mixing his colors that has made his canvases endure through centuries, while those of his con- temporaries are faded and forgotten. ideals. By sincerity and painstaking they climb near—often very near-to “the best" He who attains the final “best” however, is he who, --having all that the others have—integrity, skill, cour- above these, a hidden advantage all his own. A for- mula, a method, a deviCe, a knack maybe, which fate has giveh him and age—has over and denied to the rest. So the old master of painting had a f 30x3 . $4.00 30x3% . 4.45 mm , 4.75 33x4 . 6.50 34x4 . 6.65 So, too, Modern Industry has its examples. ‘Many manufacturers have earnestly tried to H. make the best inner tubes. All have had access '_ to the same rubber markets, the same equip- - ment,,the sa'me workmanship. And good tubes are being made inmahy factories. But one maker has had the good fortune _ to possess that knack, which the seeker after “the best" must have if he is to attain his ideal. Rubber is in itself a short lived material. For years it has baffled the skill of scientists. The problem of the tube maker has always been to lend to the completed product longer life than the crude material posses- ses. It is just this which is. accomplished by the process which was put in use at the Empire factories in Trenton, N. J., twelve years ago. For twelve years the now famous Empire Red Tubes have been made by this exclusive process. '4. Today, therefore, the service of an inner tube is no longer measured in terms of mileage, but in terms of years, for the Empire process has produced tubes which resist not merely friction and strain, but also the deterioration of time itself—~tubes which last as long as the average car itself. Til-.WTALW \boubling the crops from your present acreage will ve more profits than oubflng Y0“! urem- U. S. rGovernment. bulletins show that tiling often in- mes the vield from 25 to American Vitrified Salt- Glazed Tile is durable and lasting. far be- yond the life of softerti Investigate tode --ask us for prices and detail .I SW “8?th Branch Jeekstm, Mich." . Damn/e [vi/4i _ 1.- mm“ leJIb: w A ‘ ' 'Red4 mpm’ Tubes , - An Extra Quality Razor , Made of the best steel, white ivory handle, hollow ground concave blade, honed and stropped ready for use. Guaranteed to give entire satisfaction. This is an extra good razor, made specially for us, which has given » satisfaction to many of our subscribers. They weie bought at we war prices, otherwise we could not offei them as below. If you want - ‘ agood razor do not fail to take advantage of this offer. Sent postpaid for two subscriptions, or for one subscription and 75 ‘ 1 cents additional. SHRP-SHAVR Safety Razor A thoroughly tested, guaranteed razor. The frame_is constructed at the forty-five degree an- ' gle, which insures a clean, close cut. This razor W111 do all any. safety razor will do. Easy to take apart and clean. Made in durable silver finish. Extra blades can be purchased at a nominal price. One of the most simple and effi- cient safety razors made. . , Sent for two subscriptions, or one subscrip-u 1'“ tlon and 35- cents. - '9 A 100 -Ton Concrete ., Silo Will ~ do it In no other way can you so great- ly increase the stock-raisin g and feeding capac1ty , of your farm at , so little cost. Many silos have paid for themselves in one season. After that " they pay 100 per cent profit yearly. Build of Concrete .' 'becaiise concrete is rotproOf, ratproof, Windproof, fire- proof—permanent. Write our nearest District Oflice for free silo booklets. PORTLAND ‘ CEMENT AssocmrioN O f f' 1 c e I I t Helena Parkersburg Indianapolis Pittsburgh Kansas City ’Salt Lake City Milwaukee Seattle MinneapOIis SLLouis New YOrk washington' i!,!“‘.'g.‘d' . guard over the gate. , “There is no use, Madame”; he said, coldly enough,- shook “You only invite insult when you deal with such curs. They repre- sent their master, and have made ver- dict already—let us go. ” De Baugis, Cassion, De La Duran- taye were upon their feet, but the dra- goon first found voice. “Were‘those word addressed to me, M. de Tonty ?” . “Ay, and why not! You are no more than La Barre’s dog. Listen to me, all three of you. ’Twas Sieur de la Salle's hrders that I open the gates of this fort to your entrance, and that I treat you courteously. I have done so, although you took my kindness ‘toi‘r’be sign of weakness, and have Iorded it mightily since you came. But this is the end; from now on it is war betWeen‘ us, Messieurs, and we will' fight in the op- en. Convict Rene de Artigny ”from the lies of these hirelings, and you pay the reckoning at the point of my sword. I make no threat, but this is the-pledged word of Henri de Tony. Make pas~ sage, there. Come, Madame.” No one stopped us; no voice answer- ed him Almost before I realized the action, we were outside in the sun- light, and he was smiling into my face, his dark eyes full of cheer. “It will make them pause and think ———what I said," he exclaimed, “yet will not change the result.” “They will convict?” - “Beyond doubt, Madame. They are La Barre’s men, and hold commission only at his pleasure. With M. de la Durantay‘e it is different, for he,was a soldier of Frontenac’s, yet I have no hope he will dare stand outagainst the rest. vWe must find another way to save the lad, but when I leave you at the door yonde1 I am out of it.” “You, Monsieur? What can I hope to accomplish without your aid. ‘7” “Far more than with it, especially if I fuinish a good substitute. I shall be watched now, evex y step I take. ’Tis like enough De Baugis will send me challenge, though the danger that Cas- sion would do so is slight. It is the latter who will have me watched No, Madame, Boisrondet is the lad who must find a way out for the prisoner; they will never suspicion him, and the ’boy will enjoy the trick. Tonight, when the fort becomes quiet, he will find a way to explain his plans. Have your room dark, and the window open.” “There is but one, Monsieur, outward above the precipice. ” , “That will be his choice; he can reach you thus unseen. ’Tis quite pos- sible a guard may be placed at your deor. ” He left me and walked straight, across the parade to his Own quarters, an erect, manly'figure in the sun, his long black hair falIing to his shoulders. I drew a [chair beside the door, which I left partially open, so that I might view the scene Without. There was no fir- ing now, although soldiers were group- ed along the western stockade, keeping I sat there for perhaps’ an hour, my thoughts" sad; age and hope-from the memory of 'De. Tonty’s words of confidence. He was not a man to fail in any dead of daring,- and 1' had already seen enough of his exploits, to feel implicit trusts in his} plans of rescue. Occasionally, a; 'soIdier ' of the garrison, or a coufiér flu bois, of La Salle’s company, passed, glanc- no familiar face, and made no attempt . to speak, lest the men might pno'ye an enemy, I coma soe the door. of the guardhOuse, 1111113 31 last, :those in at- tendance at the trial emorged talking although his voice enough, yet unconsciously gaining cour~f , ing at me curiously, yot I recognized. " gravely, as they scattered in various directions“ The three officers came forth together, proceeding directly across toward De Tonty’s ofl‘lce, evi- dently with sOme purpose in view. No doubt, angered at his Words, they sought satisfaction. I watched untiI they disappeared within the distant doorWay, De Baugis the first to enter} A mOment later one of the soldiers [who had accompanied us from Quebec, a rather pleasant- faced lad, whose in- jured hand I had dressed at St. Ignace, approached where I sat, and lifted his hand in salute. “A moment, Jules.” I said swiftly. “You were at the trial 9" ' 3 “Yes, Madame " “And the reSult?” “The Sieur de Artigny was held guil- ty, Madame ” he said regretfully, glancing about as though to assure himself alone. “The three officers agreed on the yerdict, although I know some of the witneSSes lied.” “You know—who?” “My own mate for one~—Georges Descartes, he swore to seeing De Ar- tigny follow CheVet from the boats, and that was not true, for we were to- gether all that day. I,would have said so,',but the court-bade me be still.” “Ay, they were not seeking such tes- timony. No matter what you said, Jules, De Artigny would have, been condemned—it was La Barre’s orders.” “Yes, Madame, so I thought.” - “Did the Sieur de Artigny speak?” “A few words, Madame, until M. Cas~ sion ordered him to remain sti11._ Then M. de Baugis pronounced sentence— it was that he be shot tomorrow.” -"“The heur?” “I heard none mentioned Madame ” “And a purpose in that also to my mind. This gives them twenty- four hours in which to consummate murder. They fear De Tonty and his men may attempt rescue; ’tis to find out the three have gone now to his quarters. That is all, Jules; you had best not be seen talking here with me.” _I closed the door, and dropped the bar securely into place. I knew the worst now, and felt sick and faint. Tears wouid not‘come to relieve, yet it seemed as.‘ though my brain ceased working, as if>»I had lost all physical and mental power. I know not how long I sat there, dazed, incompetent to even express the vague thoughts which flashed thrOugh my brain. A rapping on the door aroused me. The noise, the insistent raps awoke me as from sleep. “Who wishes entrance ?” “I~—,"Cassion; I demand speech with ~ you.” ,. f ‘ ‘ ' “For what purpose, Monsieur?” ‘fMon 'Dieul Does a man haste. to give. exCus'e fer desiring to speak with his own wife? Open the door, 01 I’ll have \it broken in. Have” you not yet learned I am master here?” :\i * now. His life is in my hands. _,B _,',.d‘?" tan no longer with any S‘éfise of fear. but? impelled by a deSir'e: to hear the man’ 3 message. I stepped back, taking refuge behind the table, as the door opened, and he strode in, glen-owe; first at me, then suspiciously about the apartment. “Yen are alone. 9” ' “Assuredly, Monsieur;- did you sue-- pect others to be present. 9” “Hell’s fire! How did I know; you have time enough to spare for others. although I have had no word with you since you came. I come now only to tell you the news.” "If it be the condemnation of Sieur de Artigny, you may spare your words. " - I ' ' “You know that! the message ‘7’” “What difference, Monsieur? I would know the result without messenger. You have done your master's will. What said De Tonty when you told Who brought you ' him. 9” ' Cassion laughed, as though the mem. ory was pleasant. _ “Faith, Madame, if you base your hopes there on rescue you ’11 scarce rmeet with great result. De Tonty is all bark. Mon Dieu! I went in to hold him to account for his insult, and the fellow met us with such gracious speech that the four of us drank to- gether like old comrades. The others are there yet, but I had a proposition ’ to make you—so I left them.” “A proposition, Monsieur?” “Ay, a detlaration of peace, if you. will. Listen Adele, for this is the last time I speak you thus fairly. I have this De Artigny just wheie I want him ' I can squeeze it out like that; or I can open my fingers, and let him go.‘ are to decide which it is to be. is where you choose, between that for- est brat and me.” “Choose betWeen you? Monsieur, you must make your meaning more clear ” ' “Mon Dieu, is it not clear already? Then 1 will make it so. You are my wife by law of Holy Church. Never‘ have you loved me, yet I can pass that by, if you grant me a husband’ s right. This De Artigny has come between us, and now his life is in my hands. I know not that you love the brat, yet you have that interest in him which would prevent forgiveness of me it I show no mercy. So now I come and offer you his life, if you consent to be my wife in truth. Is that fair?” “It may so sound,”—I_Vanswered calmv 1y, “yet the sacrifice iS‘all mine. How » would you save the man. 9” “By affording him opportunity to es- cape during. the night; first accepting his pledge never to see you again. ” “Think you he would give such a pledge. ‘7” Cassion laughed sarcastically. “Bah, what man would not to save: his life. It is for you to speak the word.” , _ I stood silent, hesitating to give the final answer. Had I truly believed De Artigny’s case hopeless I might have yielded, and made pledge. gazed into CasSion.’ s face, smiling With assurance of victory, all my dislike of the then returned, and I shrank back in horror. The sacrifice was too much, too terrible; besides i bad faith in the promises of I)e_ Tontysin the daring of ‘2‘ I would trust them, aye,- ' to find ”some‘other we; of Now you ' Here“ But as I. ~ 313‘ at his . ugtf he had my ers clutched as :tho ' throat in their grip. ‘ pea backfiand Chevet’s pistol gleamed in my hand. . , ...l . “You’hear me, Monsieur—ego” - CHAPTER xxx. I Choose My Future. a. . E backed out the door, growling . and threatening. I caught little . of 'what he said, nor did I in the least care. All I asked, or desired, was to be alone, to be free of his presence. I swung the door in his very face, and fastened the bar. Through the thick wood his voice still penetrated in words of hatred. Then it ceased and I was alone in the silence, sinking down nerveless beside the table, my face buried in my hands. . I, I had done right; I knew I had done right, yet the reaction left me weak and pulseless. I saw now clearly what must be done. Never could I' live with ' this Cassion. Right or wrong, what- ever the Church might do,‘or the world might Say, I had come to the parting of the ways; here and now I must choose my own life, obey the dictates of my own conscience. I had been wedded by fraud to a man I despised; my hatred had grown until now I knew that 1 wouldrather be dead than live in his presence. If this state of mind was sin, it was beyond my power to rid myself of the curse; if I was already condemned of Holy Church because 0t failure to abide by her decree, then there was naught left but for me to seek my own happiness, and the happiness of the man I loved. , ' I lifted my head, strengthened by the very thought, the red blood ting- ling through my veins. The truth was mine; I felt no inclination to obscure it. The time had come for rejoicing, and action. I loved Rene de Artigny, and, although he had neVer'spoken the word, I knew he loved me. Tomorro‘w he would be in exile, a wanderer’of‘ the . woods, an escaped prisoner, under con- demnation of death, never again safe within reach of French authority. 'Ay, but he should not go alone; in the depths of those forests, beyond the arm of the law, beyond even the grasp of the Church, we should go together. In our own hearts love would justify. Without a qualm of conscience, with- out even a lingering doubt, I made the choice, the final decision. 1 I know not how long it, took me to think this all out, until I had accepted fate; but I do know that the decision brought happiness and courage. Food was brought me by a strange Indian, apparently unable to speak French; nor would he even enter the room, silently handing me the platter through the open door. Two sentries stood just without—soldiers of De Baugis, I guessed, as their features Were unfa~ miliar. They gazed at me curiously, as I stood in the doorway, but without changing their attitudes. Plainly I was held prisoner also; M. Cassion’s threat was being put intoexecution. This knowledge merely served to strengthen my decision, and I closedhand barred, the door again”, smiling as I did so. It grew dusk while I made almost vain effort to eat, and at last, pushing the plate away, I crossed over, and can- tiously opened the wooden" shutter o'f ~the window. The red light of the sun. set still illumined the western sky, and found glorious reflection along the sur- face of the river. ’It was a dizzy drop to the bed-of the stream below, but findians were on the opposite bank, be- yond rifle shot,_in considerable force, . a half-men'- “We! drawn. up. on the ‘ “my 31‘9“" milsevemlares burning. 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When stump small: “"333; II d on out ‘ Iitlxo stump, . try It 30 Days Free NSend No None Writs for_ bi} , A“ Iti‘fi‘ll‘h‘ i' " soundless. , tial to cemmunicate with me at all. ~ face. a. rifle, in evidence tit ages were still watchful ”of the fort entrance. enough to see in that direction, yet as the night grew darker the vicious spits 01’ fire became visible. AbOve me the solid lo’g walls arose but a few feet—— a tall man might stand upon the win- dow ledge, and find grip of the roof; but below was the, sh’eerfldrop‘to the river—perchance two’ hundred feet be- . _ neath. Already darkness shrouded the water as the broad valley faded into: ihe gloom of the night. There was naught for me to do but sit and wait. The guard which M. Cas- ed my leaving the room, but its more probable purpose was to keep others frOm communicating with me. no Ton— him, had greeted them all so genially as to leave the impression thathe was disposed their natural course. He might’be prisoner. All their fear now was cen- tered upon me, and my possible in- fluence. that any of the garrison would make serious effort to interfere with their plans. De Tonty’s apparent indiffer- ence, and his sudden friendliness with De Baugis and Cassion, did not worry me greatly. I realized hispm‘pose in thus diverting suspicion. - His pledge of assistance had been given me, and his was the word of a soldier and gen- tleman. In some manner, and soon—— before midnight certainly——I would re- ceive message from Boisrondet. Yet my heart failed me morethan’ once as I waited. How long the .time seemed, and how deadly silent was the night. Crouched close beside the door I could barely hear the muttered con- versation of the soldiers on guard; and when I crossed to the open window I looked out upon a black void, utterly Not even the distant crack of a rifle now broke the solemn still- ness, and the only Spot of color visible? was the dull red glow of a campfire 0n" the opposite bank of the' river. I had no way of cOmputing time, and the lagging hours seemed centurieslong, as terrifying doubts assailed me. _ Every new thought became an agony of suspense. Had the plans failed? Had Boisrondet discovered the pris- oner so closely guarded as to make rescue impossible? Had his nerve, his , daring, vanished before the real dan- ger of the venture? Had De Artigny refused to accept the chance? had happened; what was happening out there in the myster? All I could do was pray, and wait. Perhaps no word would be given me— the escape might already be accom- plished, and I left here to my fate. Boisrondet knew nothing of my deci- sion to accompany De Artigny in his exile. If the way was difficult and dan- gerous, he might not consider it essen- De Tonty had promised, to be sure, yet he might have failed to so instruct the younger man. I clung to the window. the agony of- this possibility driving me wild. ' Mon Dieu! was that a noise over- leaned further out, a. cord touched my bitvof wood A single coal. slotted 1.11.; . the: fireplace, and from this I ignited " ‘9 a splinter, barely yietdtng me light enough to decipher the sow worrisome-j have you any word?" ‘ saw hope—the desire not- to be its, sion had stationed at the door prevent: ty had evidently resorted to diplomacy, and instead of quacreling with the ‘ three officers When they approached ;_ to permit imatt‘ers to take _ watched of. course, yet was no’ longer suspicioned as likely to help rescue the‘ What " head? I could see nothing, yet, as I. I grasped it, and drew the dang- ,' ling end in. It was weighted, with 8:: ed co the white surface: 3 “Safe so fsf _ behind, alone. I hdpg tar out, my, I could not lean out far upturned, staring into the darkness. The distance was not great, only a few feet to the roof above, yet go black was . ; the night that the edge «shave ms blended imperceptibly against the Sky. ‘ ;I could perceive no moVement, no out- 71ine.Cou'ld they have already gene? Was it possible that: they merely drop- ped this brief message, and instantly vanished? No, the cord still dangled; Somewhere in that dense gloom, the ‘two men peered over the roof edge waiting my reSpon‘se. ' - .“Monsieur,” I called up softly, una- ble to restrain my eagerness. . “Yes, Madame,” it was De Artigny’s voice, although a mere whisper. "‘You have some word for me?” ‘ i ‘ “Ay, listen; is there any way by which I can join you?” “Join nae—here?” astonishment at :my request made him incoherrent. “Why, Madame, the risk is great.— “Never mind that; _my reason is worthy, nor have we time now to dis- ' cuss. the matter. Monsieur Beisrondet is there a way?” I head them speak to each other, a ,mere murmur of sound; _then another ' voice reached my ears clearly. If I could be kept from any further 1 communication with either. De Artig‘nyi ame, or De Tonty, it was ,scarcely probable weight _“We have a strong ”glass rope, Mad. which will safely bear ,your. The risk Will not be great I haVe made a nonse, and will lower 1t ” I reached it with my hand, but felt a doubt as. my fingers clasped it. “ ’Tis very small, Monsieur." ‘_‘But strong enough for double your Weight, as ’twas Indian ' woven. .Put fact in the noose, and hold tight. There are two of us holding it above.” The memory of the depth belowr frightened me,’ yet I crept forth onthe narrow sill, clinging desperately to the . taut rope, until I felt my foot safely pressed into the noose, which tighten- ed firmly about it. “Now,” I said, barely able to make my lips speak. , “I am ready.” “Then swing clear, Madame; we’ll hold you safe.” ’ I doubt if it was a full minute in which I swung out over that gulf amid the black night. My heart seemed to stop beating, and I retained no some other than tooling deeperately to the sWaying, cord which alone held me from being dashed to death on the jag- ged rocks below. Inch by inch they drew me up, the continuous jerks yielding. a-sickening sensation, but the distance was so short, I could scarcely realize the full danger, before, De Ar- tign‘y grasped me with his hands, and , drew me in beside him on the roof. I stood upon my feet, trembling from ex- citement, yet encouraged in my pur- pose, by his first words of welcome. “Adele,” he exelaimed, forgetful of the presence of his comrade. “Surely you had serious cause for joining us here.” “Am I‘ welcome, Monsieur?” . “Can you doubt it? Yet surely it was not merely to say farewell that you assumed such risk?” “No, Monsieur, it Was not to say farewell. I would accompany’you in your flight. Do not start like that at my ‘words; I cannot see your fees—per- haps if I could I should lode courage. I have made my choice, Monsie'ur. I will not remain the slave bf M. Cas- slop. Whether for good or evil I give . ‘ you my faith. " “You—you,” his hands grasped mine. “You mean you will go with me into, the woods?” J‘Yes, Monsieur "r ~ « , . “B’Iit .do' you recline . means? I am a fugitive a man; never again can! Fliench civilization. .. . _‘L I“; . \ . p ‘ article-en‘theabove“ title, and jept ., to mannerisms. as. 1 . publishedfiinjhe Michigan? Farther of . , March 15, $919.“ hereby made: ’_ 1. Mr. Grenelljsays my date of the a , 3‘fl3fiiegsmgle ’tax idea is tecilate - by nearly\On'e’hundredwears. I do. not ~ 3.3ch Twentieth: the notions of . 175§lite7wliiclrhe refers, but stand cor- rected: 3 Bé‘it so. ‘ ‘ ' 2.1Ne'xthe says: “Nor is Mr. Rood any nearer. being right when'he states that single taxers desire to abolish pri~ vate ownership of land, and that the- best, wayis to tax it out of existence}? , ,My' error in this regard wasdue .to V a careful perusal of the standard works on single tax. Perhapsuvyes, without question. the two most noted single‘ takers in America. to date ‘are Henry George and Joseph» Fels. George fur- nished the words, Fels the money to publish them. One of the most circu- lated pamphlets on the‘subject is the . speech of Henry George, delivered at the Burling, Iowa, Opera House, April 1, 1885, and published by. the Joseph Fels fund. I Quote from page 33: “The , utter absurdity of this thing of private property inland! ,I, defy anyone to show me anygood from it, lock where you please. 5 Go out to the new lands, where my attention was first called to it, or go to_the heart of the capital of the world—London. Everywhere, when your eyes are once opened, you will see its inequality and its absurdity. * 3‘ * Now,~ suppose we should abolish all other taxes, direct and indirect, substi- tuting for them a tax upon land. val- ues, what would be the effect? In the first place, it would be to kill specu: lative values.” _ » Now turning to the great bible, Pro- gress and Poverty, after reviewing and arguing the causes of poverty, the au- : . ‘:..I_ ,5 MrReod Aime-m Mr Grenell tbor says in beginning chapter three of. book VII: ‘The truth- is, and from this truth there can be no escape, that there'is and can be no just title to an exclusive possession of the soil, and that private property in land is a bold, bare, enormous wrong, like that of chattelslavery.” For this evil the author finds a remedy which he states in his~Book\ VIII. I quote: “We have seen that there is no possible remedy for these evils but the abolition “of their cause; we have. seen that private prepertyin land has no warrant in jus- tice, but stands condemned as the de- nial of natural right. We have weigh- ed every objection, and seen that neith- er on the ground of equity or expedi-~ ency is there anything, to deter us from making land common property by con- fiscating rent. But the question of method remains. How shall we do it? we already take' some rent in taxa- tion. We have only to make some changes in our modes of taxation to take it all. * * * Let the individu- als who now hold it still retain, if they want to, possession of what they are pleased to call their land. Let them continue to call it their land. Let them buy and sell, and bequeath and devise it. We may safely leave them the shell if we take the kernel.” It is these and the like sayings .re- peated and enlarged upon in many pag- es and chapters that led me into the error, if error it be, of saying that the single taxer’s program was the aboli- tion of private ownership by taxation. Why not call a spade a spade? If these sayings do not amount to what I have said they do, I cannot understand the meaning at all. 3. As to the answer that the revenue Mr. Grenell \ ‘ {MEWS Wednesday, “April 23. V- . . . / P in his position on Italy’s annexa- tion of, Flume—The Soviet govern ment in Budapest is overthrown.— Roumanians invading Hungary capture all of the Szatmar country and are ad~ vancing on BudapesL—Australia is facing a big coal shortage.—'—A revolu- tion has broken Out in Turkey and a Soviet government is declared.~—Gov- ernor Sleeper signs a bill forbidding the use of the red flag in Michigan un— der penalty of five {years’ imprison- ment, or $1,000 fine—Reports on the Liberty Loan Drive in Michigan show that the state has already 'oversub— scribed its quota by nearly $14,000,000. Thursday, April 24. ment and volunteering to fight the Rus- sian Reds—The Italian delegation dil- cides to leave Paris, following Presia dent Wilson’s emphatic declaration that he will not yield on the Adriatic question—Germany instructs tine to deliver interned German steam: hrs to the United States—A meeting .of the Democratic National Committee I. is called, for .May 28-29 in Chicago.— The war party (if the Japanese cabinet. r mentof Siberiat-fiUnited States cred- its tothe Allied government now total _$9‘.188,829;000.—-'—rlt is, announced that ,af— ter July .‘Lthere' will be no government- al‘agency to regulate the flow of food studsg‘fother ,.than:awhep.t, - from the United Statesfiovfer 120.000 menxfrom 5111.9 prams one an » . tepto amass. ‘- = 1’ “ art-Nail l RESIDENT WILSON remains firm OLSHEVIST, troops are reported to be deserting.the Lenine govern- Argen- agrees to recognize the Omsk govern~. w at. sea en» 3, allowedra-free- hand in from single taxis elastic. WEEKll] warns Germany against allowing any strikes and disorders," as they endan- ger a continuation of the foodsupply. ,——An influenza epidemic in Congo Afri- ca claims 500,000 victims.——Francisco Villa and a small army capture the city of Parral in the state of Chihua- huas—The dock strike in Liverpool is at an end—The department of justice announces that the government pro- poses the enforcement of the war-time prohibition act, including a ban on all beers and wines, whether or not they are intoxicating. Saturday, April 26. GERMAN envoys to the Peace Con- ference- are empowered to Sign the peace treaty on the spot.——The Polish advance on Lemberg is halted.——Hun- garian Reds are being opposed by 180,- 000 'Czceho-Slovak troops—Six trans- ports deliver 22,922 soldiers at the port of New York; among, these are five hundred Michigan Men—The regents of the University of Michigan faillo come to a decision on the selection of a successor to President Hutchins— The British admiralty lifts restrictions on the use of wireleSS'telegraphy.—— Governor Sleeper summons represent- atives of the trainmen of the Michigan Railway and of the company to meet in Lansing in an effort to avert a strike if p0ssible.——Michigan legisla- ture closes after enacting 44.5 new laws and adopting five constitutional amend- ments, two of which were voted upon at the April 7 election and three others to Come up for approval ’in November, 1920 , _ 7. g ,. p , . ‘Sunday, April 27. QATAN intimates that unless she is ”the Orient andis recognized ‘on'an equality With gather races she ~wiiLleave‘ the Peace _ ‘ (immense .0361. .- . _ . :Le . 9751;19th :Nations.,——No’ change. is not, refuse to ' join the '» bx. . J ,‘ v1 .1, '13 ,j , elastic. would pass the tax on is not due to anything said by Adam Smith, , John Stuart Mill, nor any of the rest; and it is not necessary to go to Adam or anywhere else to see that the man who ers of the more ordinary claSsed‘ The imposition of the new tax will . probably have the effect of reducing the sale of the higher-priced articles.~ The retail shop-keeper will have eith- ' er to reduce his. profits or deal ins, cheaper priced goods. ‘ , It is true, theoretically, that theoon- } sumer will pay the tax, but in the-end the loss will fall upon the dealer. -0f. > course, there are ,many stores whose" -: customers care nothing for an added ten or twenty dollars to their monthly accounts—which is why the impost i called a “luxury tax.” also differs frOm the orthodox single taxer. For the supporters of this plan generally admit that the tax is not 4. .My notion that the “land-owner” “owns” a. piece of land avowedly taxed for all there is in it will not own it. Caring for property is not such a joy that men will do it for nothing. If they Cannot make as much profit by putting their capital into land as by making paper dolls, or something else, they will do the something else. In the ‘end the consumer mnst pay the price. (‘Jones he pays the freight,” and don’t you forget it. And no system of phil- osophy will induce men to‘ improve property and pay taxes on it if denied the hope of any return for their money. If they are not to have any profit from the investment they will let someone. else make the improvements or sleep in the open. It is foolish to argue the contrary. 5. Again, when Mr. Grenell says that by taking all the taxes off from person- al property and putting all onto land the tax on land will be less, I am un- able to follow the argument. Jonx R. Roon. A RELIEF EXPEDITION. FRANCE saw, and Germany felt, the vigor and punch of the American" soldier. As soon as he got into his work he established a reputation for being the hardest hitter in the world. likewise, the fastest. France wanted to know why. The reason is simple. Food and athletics. America has 23,- 000,000 dairy cows—enough to. give eV* ery child a quart of milk a day, and still leave fifty per cent of the product for butter, cheese and ice cream. She even furnished nearly 2,000,000,000 pounds to Europe last year. France wants to make sturdy men and has sent a commission here to secure some of those American foster-mothers for French infants. A colony of them is now on the way—one hundred and four Holstein cows. They did not stop to view the sights of New York, but mere- ly permitted a short newspaper inter- ' view, then hurried their specially pre— pared transport and sailed for France. They will go to the devastated portion and, cooperating with other humanitar- tan and relief expeditions, do their best to provide a milky way over which the French children can find a road to blooming health. THE LUXU RY TAX. - HE tax on “luxuries,” which be. came effective on May 1, may or may not be onerous—it depends upon the pocketbook of the individual. Fif- teen dollar hats, ten dollar shoes and wearing apparel in proportion have been common even among wage earn- ed in the Italian situation, but the sup- port of Lloyd-George and Premier Clemenceau to VVilson’s position is confirmed._An American seaplane completes a twenty-hour flight cover- Ing a distance of 1,250 miles.-——The British army of occupation is moving heavy artillery to Cologne to be pre-_ pared for any attack by Spartacan troops—The Ukranian government will send delegates to Paris to begin negotiations for a preliminary peace With the Poles—Announcement is made of a proposed world peace expo- :igtégn to be held in Detroit in 1922 or volts against the Bolsheviki.——Japan has promised to punish those responsi- ble for recent outrages in Korea—Ful— ly 300,000 persons in Poland are ill from typhus.———The recent disturbances in Egypt came to an end when the British protectorate was recognized by America. T'uesday, April 29. HE covenant of the League of Na tions in revised form is adopted by the peace conference without a'dis- senting vote. The covenant will be incorporated in the peace treaty. Ger- man delegate's arrive at Versailles to Sign the peace documents—Geneva re- ports that the president of Switzerland goes to Paris as arbitrator in the dis- . pute over the Adriatic question—The , 2 revolt in Hamburg is suppressed and the plundering of food stores has end- (ed-The French government confers awards upon 17% United States officers. The Swiss army system is to be tested 1n New York state—A fire sweeps Yokohama, Japan, destroying 2,000 buildings 9 ‘ ' 1 ' ‘ Boys and G1rls Club N otcs HE Board of Supervisors of Branch service. The executive committee of ‘ county, at their recent session, ap-J the Washtenaw County Farm Bureau, propriated funds for the continuing of together with the banks of the county Boys’ and Girls’ Club- work in Branch cooperated in the employment of Mr. county for this coming year. Miss Viva Ly'ons. , Osborn, of Goldwater, is County Club On April 12, club leaders and rural ' Leader. . 'iteachers of Saginaw county met in" Gogebic county has assured us of conference at the Trade School in Sag- the continuation of the excellent work inaw. Miss Cowles and Mt. Kettunen . done in connection with Boys' and of the State Staff of Club Leaders at— ' Girls’ Club work because of the action tended this meeting. One of the inter-1 7 of the board of supervisors providing. esting‘features was a demonstration in funds for this work during the coming the dyeing of cloth by the girls onthe _ year._ . r , Otto School Garment-making Club, Q; Mr. Ernest F. Lyons is the new Miss Theresa MCDOHaId is Sagin , 4— Monday, April 28.. -HE revised covenant of the League of Nations goes before a plenary session of the Peace Conference for final action. Japan, France‘and Bel- gium reserve the right to demand changes in the text while the Monroe doctrine clause hinges on the question of French military security being prop- erly adjusted—The government of Olonetz to the north of Petrograd re- / ) County Club Leader for /.-Washtenaw_, County Club Leader. , county. Mr. Lyons is a graduate~ of On May 3 occurs the achievem M. A. C .has taught agriculture in the day for the Saginaw county clubs high schoolat PlainWell- and has re- which have been carrying on (I ‘centlygbeen idischarg’ed tram military projects} .‘ " . o ' ELL, well!” exclaimed the visit- Wor, as she stepped into the big living-room. “You’ve been get- ting new furniture, I see. And new rugs, too,” she added as her bright eyes glanced from one object to anoth- er. In answer _-to the swift denial of her hostess she expostulated, “but I never saw that chair before, nor the table and rugs. How I wished I could get some newthings for the house this year. But every cent above living ex- penses has gone into bonds and war re— lief. So I’ll just have to wait a, while,”- she said resignedly. "‘You need wait no longer, if you care to re-furnish your house the way we have done,” said her hostess. “Then tell me 110w you did it,” was the quick reply. Her hostess laughed in sympathy with the eagerness. “There is nothing new in this room except some of the pillow covers and the tapestry on the big chair. We are just going through a period of reconstruction, you know. And it extends all the way from the big interests to our homes. Really, the thrift habit we have acquired is doing wonders for us. We are just be- ginning to realize what an abundance of everything we have,and how to use it to the best advantage. ” “That is true—in a general way But how— “How did we apply it to this room? Well, to begin with, all our furniture ,looked shabby and worn, and we did so long for new. There were many things we really needed, but as you say, there were no available funds. It all began with that chair.” The speaker indicated a large’easy rocker. “I went to a furniture store which was selling out, determined to buy a new one. 'Either the reports of bargains were exaggerated or the best things Were gone. At any rate, I came home without a chair. As father had always declared that ’chair to be the most comfortable in the- house, we de- cided to reupholster it. Don’t you re- member how it looked? It was covered with black leather, very much scarred and worn. The springs of the seat and back were all saggy and loose.” “I never would have thought it the same chair,” declared the visitor. ,f‘How did you do such splendid work?” “In the first place we toOk off the old cover and used it as a pattern to cut the new. In this" way we could fig- ure on the exact amount to buy and had nothing left over. In taking off the cover, we'did it very carefully, taking particular notice of how it had been put on. Then we tightened the springs, not an easy job, I’ll admit.‘ We tacked strips of stout canvas from one side of the frame to the other, one of us holding the springs in place while the other stretched the canvas. Under the seat 1% used strips of thinv’ wood slipped under the frame to hold the springs until the canvas was se- ' ‘ .curely tacked. We tacked a square of '.canvas over the entire under side of the Seat to catch the bits of excelsior gW-hi‘ch these old chairs seem to shed. ‘ One reason you did not recognize the chair was because we have covered and padded the wooden fronts to the films and the “open- work” panel below Wheat." he other chairs look new. What did on do to them. 9" asked her friend, \\ Transforming “They were badly scratched, so we took off the Varnish with ammonia, and sandpapered them smooth. They are walnut, you see, so all the finish they needed was a coat of paraffine oil, well rubbed in with a'rag. "All these tasks were finished“ before we put on the new tapestry. We took partiCular pains in selecting the pattern, .and I think the combination of browns and greens harmonizes very nicely with the other furnishings. You see how we cut the material so that the back and seat would come’lengthwise of the ma- a L1V1ng Room “Apply ordinary household ammonia cases at one end of the1room Moving With a. Paint brush. This softens the the dining-table farther into the room varnish which may then be scraped made this possible, and I am more 5 I of! with a. piece of glass; It is a sticky than pleased With the change.” job, but well Worth while. Yen may have to apply the ammonia more than once if the old varnish is very thick...’ When you have removed all you can in this way, use fine sandpaper to finish off. Always rub with the grain of the wood, unless there are ~very rough places to be smOOthed off. Now- apply the stain as evenly as possible With a. wide flat brush, following the 'g-rain The hostess paused,‘ then began again as she saw her visitoi' looking at the rugs. they, too, are made over. We learned of a him who makes them out of old carpet, even using old- ‘fluff’ rugs and They dye them any shade you wish. We like that mess-green. .51t is Warm “They do look like new, but. woolen.p1eces of all kinds of material ' terial. ‘ neat work. ” “It looks as if an expert had done it,” “Now tell 'I know you did said her visitor admiringly. me about that table. not make that over." _“Yes, but we did. By stretching each piece and pinning it to the stuffing'before tack- ing the edges, it was not difficult to do It was light oak, and never matched anything in the again, then wipe it off lightly Witha rag. Wipe with the grain. This pre- 'vents too/heavy a coat, which would look like paint. The next day the table will be dry and you can rub it down with parafline or linseed oil and pum‘ Dip your rag first in the oil and then in the powdered pumice. Go over the entire surface with thisand ice stone. then with oil alone, and the table is room. You see the piano, music cab- inet and two chairs are mahogany, the book cases, couch and library table are cherry, and the woodwork is as near like both woods as we could get it. We had this furniture when the house was built and have tried to keep to harmonious colors. As you know, we use the one end of the mom fora dining-room, and the light oak table never looked well. Besides We had to keep a cloth on it because the top had long since lost its polish. Our success with the chair inspired us to refinish the table. We found it possible to ap- ply an Oil stain (matching the wood work in color) to the legs of the table." without removing the Jvarnish What little varnish there was left on the 5top,,:-{ was removed with ammonia. ., “Just how did ypu do that?" inter— one rupted the visitor. ready for use. If you rub it well with :an oiled rag every weekfor a while, you will soon have a fine finish.” “I‘sn’ t the table smaller?” queried the visitor. Her hostess laughed. “The fact of the matter is that the White cloth al- ways made the table look larger. And it seemed to take up so much room that We pushed it as far back as pos- sible to make it less conspicuéus. Now. that we can use a runner o‘r holly, it looks less like a dining-table so we pulled it out farther 111199119 room and and rich looking. However, it seemed so very green' that it_- was necesSary to add more of thesame color in the other furnishings in order} to keep the rugs from “coming up and hitting you in the face,’ as semeone iepresSed it. Consequently, we made a,green cush- ion for the little black chair, and cov- ‘ ered the two stools with the same. With the green tints in the couch cov- er repeated in the cushions of the wil- 5 low chair and tapestry of the easy chair, there is now enough’ tobind the _.room together. “So much brewn and green made the furnishings a little dark._ Notice what we have done to lighten the effect. Over one book case is a water-color drawing in a wide gold mat and frame. On top of the case is a. gold-framed- photograph and a low flower bowl of yellow pottery. On the-otherboOk case are two brass candle-sticksin front of an oil painting in dull colors which is framed in gilt. And I must ‘tell'you about those gold frames,” the hostess interrupted herself. “The one on the 5water—color was especially, black and dingy. So we washed it and then ap- plied a coat of gold enamel. There is another in the hall which has been re- juvenated. ” “I thought it was a new frame,” said the guest in astOmShment. '- « ‘-‘ “Then you see how well the tall green jar .10ka on 9the dining-table - with the Copper nut bowl beside it " V continued her hostess. “There are the brass andirons, and on tile lintel against the reddish- broWn bricks of the chimney is a copper tray with brass handles, and two small brass bowls. You see how each of- these catch the light and reflect it. They help to make the room lighter on dark days and at night. ” The visitor drew a long breath and nodded her head approvingly. what you mean. And I_ know _I can re- arrange my possessions to better ad- vantage after having seen this. Even if I don’t happen to have so much brass as you have, I can use the lighter colored articles to better advan~ tage. You have done Wonders ,by us- ing just what you had” ‘ .1 “It was not all accomplished in a , day. You must live with things and make many changes before seeing. their possibilities and arrange them to the best advantage. Wonderful how much more livable some rooms can be made by a new air . - rangement of furniture, and a little. stain and polish, backed up by a happy L thOughtL ” ’ ‘5‘»: -‘ "I never heath “I see ,_ However, 5 it is . gr * Bureau ~ ' ’ ' ‘\\'AS' gladitd‘note’in the Michigan, ' . Farmer the ”headingff‘Women Join ,,. FarmBureaiL’.’ ‘Just'as ”surely as there'is a place. for .__vimm‘en- in jarm : homes, there; should be a place for. " \them in the‘F-arm ‘Bureau organiza- tion. That‘the women of Michigan are readyto take their place and do their - part is evidenced every day. ‘ ‘I In times of war women learned to ‘ find tfine to work for a common cause. Now that the pressure of the war call is lessening, they are looking for other avenues for study and action.- This ‘ » can be seen by the early responses to \ ' _ the announcement that Michigan has A an HomeEconomics Department in its . . ~ new State Farm‘Bureau. ' This bureau- ' ‘ has been organized only two months I but already letters are \beginning to come. to me testifying tO‘the readiness ~ . Miss Flora Buell, Head of Home Eco- I . nomics Work of State Farm Bureau. L of farm women to turn their energies to the needs of their own homes and neighborhoods. A woman from my own county ex- pressed this desire to ‘use an .emer- gency organization for home welfare work when she wrote me recently: i" ‘ “We have a” society. called the “Willing Workers," composed mostly of farm women. For the past fifteen months we have devoted most of our time to _ y 5“ Red Cross work, and feel now we could »; use more time for our program. Will .21 g you’ come and talk to us at our next 7 % meeting?” ‘ 17(1‘om another section a woman writes: “We'are all feeling our way. I am, and always have been very much interested in the farm home problems everywhere, but it has seemed almost impossible to find a place to take hold of the work_and really do something to help. I sincerely hope the Farm Bureau is our opportunity.” Another, the wife or a director of a . _ . Farm Bureau, writes: “I am very * much interested in the Home Econom- \ ics work and hope to see much it this year. I wish'sometimes whenofibu have some special meetings or confer ences that ~you would let me go with you. There surely cannot be too ‘many workers, and if I could know niore about What others are doing I could help more.” , The .1ollowing extracts out of a let- ter from a young mother of five little , children, show, how intensely she is living and thinking as she goes "about her manifold duties. inside and ;outside . ' bf the farm home, andralso pdints ’to . some of‘the fundamental reasons why ' ~ we farm people have great need to Dr- ganize-andwork together, ,. ' , _ ». ‘-'I 'am coming to. you; ifsr‘advice and .‘ information. ItseMWeare in. the ' ‘ ‘ busiwferlm mete-yon are ' ‘ ' fiHomeE I .09 0!: enema“ we ' ” Is the I. est . The flairor of food decides whether you like it or not. i . . No matter how nicely the table, is decorated if the food doesn’t taste good the meal is a disappointment. Good cooks taste of things in the making to- be certain the seasoning is just right. We might as well eat chips as tasteless or pOOrly flavored food as far as the en— L joyment of eating is concerned. 4 , Lily bite “The flour the best cooks use" is noted for its flavor. Bread baked from LILY WHITE. FLOUR com from the oven beautifully browned and the texture and color are splendid, and has a most delicious flavor. It fairly melts in the mouth. Spread with rich golden butter it makes a feast fit for a King. In fact the taste of everything baked from LILY WHITE, “The flour the best cooks use,” is very favorably affected by its flavor. ~ The next time you buy flour insist on having LILY WHITE. and if it doesn’t bake the best tasting, most appetizing breads, biscuits and pastries you have ever eaten, your dealer Will cheerfully refund the purchase price. ' Price 10 cents.‘. “ VALLEY CITY MILLING COMPANY GRAND mews. MICHIGAN MICHIGAN FlllMEll PITTEHNS Any of the patterns illustrated may be secured by sending order to Pattern Department, Michigan Farmer, Detroit, enclosing ,the amount set opposite the patterns wanted. L No. 2772-2799—rLadies’ Costume. The waist 2772 cut in seven sizes, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46 inches bust meas- ure. Skirt 2799 cut in seven‘ sizes, 22, 24 ,26, 28,30, 32 and 34 inches waist' messure. A medium size will require about 5% yards of 40~inch material. Width of skirt at lower edge is about one and two-thirds yards. Two sep- arate patterns, 10 cents "for each pat- ern. ' 7‘ . ', TNo. 2509~Ladies’ Dress.» 'Cut in six 'sizes,°34, 36, 38, 40, 42 and 44 in‘hhes buSt measure. s, Size 38' requires 7% yards of 14:4«inch ,material.‘ The skirt No. 2797—-Gir1s" Dress. Cut in. four sizes, 8: 10, 12 and 14 years. Size 12 requires four yards of 40-inch material. Price 10 cents. _ No. 2775——Girls' Dress. Cut in folli‘ sizes, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years. Size eight , will require 3% yards of 36inch mate- rial. Price 10 Cents. measures about . two yards at the. foot. ,. . Price 10 cents. , ure. Size 38 requires 5% yards of 3’8— X 18 and 20 years. Size 18 will require , g 5% yards of 36—inch material. The ' skirt measures two yards at the foot. No. 2619—A Splendid “All Through the Day” Dress. Cut in seven sizes, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46 inches bust . measure. Size 38 requires 4% yards \ ' of 44-inch material. Width of skirt at ‘ ‘ lower edge is about 21,4, yards. To make collar. and skirt of contrasting ' material 44 inches wide, will require 21/13 yards. Price 10 cents. l‘» r No. 2779—I.adies’ House Dress. Cut in seven sizes, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46 inches bust measure. Size 38 will require 5% yards of 36—inch material. Width at lower edge is about 214 yards. . ‘ Price 10 cents. No. 2800~A Comfortable Breakfast Costume. Cut in seven sizes, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46 inches bust meas- inch material. 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Guaranteed rot. lire. rust. lightningpr NO- 1- Free Roofing ltooltl - - Get our wonderful Michigan Farmer. ....... . . . . . . . $1.00 low prices and (reg Cleveland Magazme ............ 1.00 :81;1ple3.Weselld1r:clll: _ . . 0 on save 0!] Power Farming ................ 1.00 in_beta'w‘deeu “filer“ . ~7- rofiggi Aaktor Book ' Regular price, one year. . $2.10 °" ' ‘ 4, 111w PitCEll “BASES Lewes estprieee on GReady~Made - Michigan Farmer . No. 2. Fire~Proof SteelG iii-ages. SI“. any elklilgacek, Shend post? lfor uni-532”“ no a nov111n%1~1‘my es. .............$100 . A I - . “Ree" Cluster Metal PShingles. V-Crimp, Corru- °i- . 1110011113001. Hoard’s Dairyman ....... , ..... 1.00 51151111111. If,“ Woman’s Magazine ......... ”ml-00 , _ . . Regular price, one year ........ $3.00 . ‘ .. ‘ “ OUR PRICE 0N“ $2.50 SALTED F 15” Regular price, one year. . . . . . . . 068 PRICE till“ 31. 85$2 1111 1- No 3' ' 1’00 5333:312'9366 “4’31” ”it's" ”Jab“ n arme ............. . s ‘ ' “gwcmegaareeders'llloumal ......s,.50 £03333than :3: i}: :2: "Today's Housewife ............. 1.00.1.5“ ' ‘ “NJ-$5-, 333»; v ‘ . -—-—- .Whitin'g( “$111.1: 3.33 131.113 WISCONSIN FISHING CO. Dept. Y. Ciro-11311.11: Wi" Low Prices. ‘Low Freight Ratesy ——you must be boranith the art. It .you are not it can only be acquired ’ by the sweat of your brow, and that laborious . after years and years of practice.‘ tonhole making, why not try making them on the sewing machine for your wash garments? These machine-made buttonholes are neat and durable, and two or three hours’ practice with the <————-—> .___ ls l ;. 1 ,—Je-—*__A “ FIG. 2-21 I ----.--_ ---------- FIG. 2 _ . binder will enable you to make them readily. Study the illustrations care- fully, then the printed direction, then the two together, and save yourself much future work and mental anguish. To make the strip of buttonholes, take a strip of cloth as wide as you O . 132.4 F/é 3 7/6 374 want your buttonholes apart. That is, if you want the buttonholes two inches apart take a strip of cloth two inches wide; if they are to be only an inch width; if three inches apart, take a strip three inches wide, etc. 2 Bind both sidesiof this strip with straight binding about an inch in width. “‘15. ..... . .---------.-_---_.-.---------—--~---- in Eff. 1‘76 4'4 FIG f- Next, measure the diameter of your button and cut this strip‘across into sections one- -half inch wider than_ the diameter of your button Figs. 2 and 2-A show the strip marked for cutting up, and the cutting started 4 ‘‘‘‘‘ Take these sections and place down the side of the garment where the but- AN you make good buttonholes" ‘ Probably not, for good button- hole making is like good spelling If you are not expert, then, at but-- and a half apart, have the strip that 1 make the woodwork look like neW.——- Mrs. J. J. O’C. ’ tonhso'iee are to be, with the bound: ; 36.131133 just meeting F1gs: 3 and 3A.] - show the arrangement the arrows in; Fig 3-A pointing to~the bound edges?) Stitch in position on the ‘igarinent stitching close to the edge so theta ._ row of binding . . .. will conceal the . ' stitChing. A row .01? stitching down the‘buter edge will hold pieces firmly together for binding. Then you. bind both edges‘fof _t h e buttonholes and your Wurk is cempleted. Fig 4- A shows how bind- ing is applied, and Fig. 4 gives you the finished pro- duct. These plain but- tonholes will do very well for the , R, children’ s clothes q"; or for house dress~ ,va es and other plain {X g a r m e n t s. For fine blouses and little girls’ party frocks hem the strip with the foot hemmer instead of bind-v ing, then finish the buttonhole as for ' the bound one. A trimming of lace down either edge gives a dainty finish, as in Fig. 5. - ~ en--.- -‘u-'-:o' W .. ..v' ' ...,» ,/ TRANSFORMING A LIVING-ROOM. ” .l (Continued from page 705). “That is another of my convictions thatcl mean to live up to hereafter,” declared her hostess. “I am tired of l washing curtains, and I want to see out. I don’t care what the neighbors say about the bare windows. See that . nut-hatch helping himself to suet on ‘ the maple tree? From the middle of this room we saw the first blue birds last Sunday. We could not have seen them if lace curtains had hung there." The visitor looked at her a bit cur- iously, and then at the tree again, '1 where a downy wood-pecker had‘joined the nut-hatch. There was a clear Whis- tle from the sumach bush and a flash of red as a cardinal flew past the Win- dow. “I never see the birds around ~ our house,” she said thoughtfully. “Per- haps—” She turned back to the room. “At any rate I’m going to recover Pa’s arm chair and make over my dining- table. I don’t know abOut the cur- tains.” ~ FOR HOUSECLEANING TIME. When buying stair carpets it is a. good plan to buy an extra yard and fold it under at each end. When taken up to be cleaned it can be put down again‘so that the wear will come in a different place on the carpet, which will last about twice as long—E. I. L. When washing white enameled wood: work or ,any light painted wood, use half milk and half water, adding to this , a teaspoonful of baking soda to one .- vi; quart of the ‘milk and water. It will An article I find handy in my home is a long broom handle with a. strong I hook in the end It saves me from , climbing up and downirom a chair 3 every time I hang a picture or dust. ’ the molding or the picture frames. A stout hook can be purchased at any hardware store for a few cents, and it takes only a moment or two to insert it in the end of an old broom handle. ' -—M.-_B..G. .,~--\_ . ,_ i When you are cleaning house do not ‘ overlook the value of the 011 can. Care- fully oiI all casters on beds, dressers- . .Iilledse 9. ' the sameli‘ne 4 _ 1 g “I hare-sonicideas ore-my own about‘ .‘ . f ., 1 possibly can "from everyothe‘r ayail- , you give me for main lines of endeavor in home welfare improvement, work. as they can it here? [want :to do seine- thing .for, my county that will be of f real ’and lasting value, - _ , ‘ “W's farmers and farmers’ ‘wives are x ‘ wisely tired’oftoofl mush “hot air,” or, ‘ should I say “piping?” If a plumber. did nothing but pipe and did nothing to ”makeit possible for anything of value "Ute be conveyed through the “piping,” :. that his house was marred and clutter- Tof we ' ' my: .Pnfito,‘ ,_ linyifour bays'andmy little ' > ‘ dau‘ ter'trom‘ the clean; simple, counf , , . . , _ -, ,tr‘ylife; I guess I/fvelived it too long this work-but twishtoget all thehelp to change without paying dearly for it. . . ...,.. _ 2 . - 4 '- 2 But «we must—we who‘eare and know able sourcgfi ..What suggestions, can aboutitrue lihingw—we must make life livable for agricultural‘pe‘ople or quit.‘ I don’t want to quit. Maybe you think I am estreme. I’m not. It is just this I learnt what people would think that makes, so many lock ‘their protests in their hearts and pray for better times; I believe in praying butIin, swingingi my hammer too} I cannotC live up to my - ideals without acting the truth as well as thinking it. A 'New England con- a. . , ‘ - science . is k a ‘mighty uncomfortable :-_: l the home keeper would be disgusted thing to have. but"‘what does it profit a man to gain the whole world‘ if he 11k \.— L '2“; l 2' 2 ' ‘ ' e ' hich alone were val- _ . , ' ' ed up wuh pip s w ’ lose his oyvn soul ?” How can we be _ ueless; he would want a furnace at one ' end, and fuel to put in the furnace, and a system of dampers, drafts, etc., by in - which he could control his plant. Then 3,’ . he could rightly expect, if he did his 5 part, to obtain warmth enough to main~ ‘ tain health; and comfort; The Farm Bureau may be likened to a great fur- ; ' .nace; those active in the voicing .of the bureaucratic affairs, the “piping,” the funds, the 2“fue1,” the farmers and their wives, the “home-keeper.” “With the energy and funds the farm- 'ers put into the “furnace” they ought to be able to expect a good return. But the farmer must have a very good guarantee that it is worth while. We are busy ”people and are peaceably in- clined, bun-five refuse to follow any more will-’o—the-wisps. So many prom- ises have been made and broken, or manipulated by politicians, that we are incredulous. Now this is the great ob— stacle to be overcome-«this incredul- ity. We who believe in the Farm Bu- reau m'ust'prove at home in our own communities the» workableness of co. ~ operative methods. " I “It seems to me that it is the wisest to start with things within our means and power to accomplish—a coopera- tive market, for example. 'This must be by the farmers. The business in~ terests have bucked up against the farmer for time immemorial; othey have lived off from us; and now the business men have edged their way in- to the Farm Bureau under the pretense of helping us. “Now we are paying for too much “piping” in our government affairs. we , must do something and at once. Farm- ‘2: ers are taxed to death. Our time is taken up so completely. working for a , mere pittance that we must be brief ‘ and to the point in all we do. Agricul- .» I love my dear old Michigan, I love my county, and I love my home and family. It stands to reason that if I love my family I must love my home well enough to make it'flt for my fam- ily. When America was in danger did / our fine boys say, ‘-‘I am not going to waste my good red blood in something so hazardous ?” Some did, and we call- ed them “slackers.” Some did not—4 God bless those men! They are the ones who saved us. But, look here, did we knowingly put any slackers into the command of forces or in any way allow them to get an upper hand? We did not. They were made to do their part. Now, how foolish to allow “any ‘f'reeholder or resident" to have a voice in our individual affairs. I say it’s the farmer’s business to/ look after his bu- reaucratic affairs. ' - “Oh, Rm so in haste, I’ve so much to do that I am probably’not making my: self clearto’you. You see, we farmers . have let things go ,tlooselends so long that website-not t e time’n‘or training to be oily, smooth-tougher: craters that so fiifit‘m‘a; a: ‘32.}; 0-: ' ., who: 7&W4‘Lflfi Mew!” A, ‘ ml! - 6W5?" Mainrfim’estarmers say; ‘ ~ 1-13 , " dint? Hollie more ' and We" have or. .5; av. gredients, add to milk and allow the vegetables to become thoroughly blended with the milk. The addition or a small amount of flour will make the soup the consistency of thin cream. ' ture is in distress. I love my country, . the predatory ‘classhave; Serious (tit!- . ncultie's. arsr'going' tearis‘e if we do not ~ true christians or true citizens of Am- erica if we lose sight of our ideals’ or barter them?” , - CONTRIBUTED RECIPE‘S. Carrot Soup. 1 pint milk 1 cup cooked carrot pressed through collander 2 tablespoons butter 1 tablespoon onion juice 1 tablespoon minced parsley, celery or celery salt. Heat the milk, combine the other in- Raisin and" Nut Loaf. ‘ 1/; cup halved raisins 1 1/“; cap coarsely chopped walnuts. 3/, cup sugar , 2 eggs 2 cups milk 1 4 cups flour I 4 teaspoons baking powder I 1 teaspoon salt Mix together, the dry ingredients and sift four times. Add the nuts and rais-i ins, mixing them well with the flour.. Beat the eggs, combine with the milk and pour the liquid into the flour mix- ture. Put in a large, well-oiled bread tin, let standtwenty minutes, then bake fifty minutesin a moderate oven. 1 Vegetable Chowder. i 1/3 pound dried lima beans' . I 2 cups diced carrots ' 1 sliced onion 2 tablespoons fat 2 teaspoons salt' . g 1/2 cup milk ‘ i 1 tablespoon flour. Soak the lima beans over night, then cook in that water until tender. Melt the fat, brown the onion in this and add it and the carrots to the beans. Cook slowly about half an hour, or until all the vegetables are very ten~ der. Blend the flour with the milk and add ten minutes before the chow- der is to be served. Peanut Butter Pudding. _2 cups milk 4 tablespoons sugar 3 tablespoons peanut butter 4 tablespOons cornstarch M, teaspoon salt. Scald milk, add sugar, cornstarch, peanut butter and salt mixed together. Stir all until smooth, cover and cook for twenty minutes in a double boiler. Turn' into individual molds or cups which havebeen wet with cold water. When cold turn Out and serve with cream or fruit juice. A paper hanger once suggested that I write on the back of seme article of furniture in each room the number of rolls of paper required for papering that-room. ~11: the bedrooms 1 write this; information, on. the back of the 'dresser,_in the dining-rodmon the back ‘ ofthe buffet, etc. I have .found this a -' great convenience—Mrs. 'J. J. ‘O’C. ' , ”The Modern Miracle Worker That Is 1 Changing the Habits of Millions SCIENCE is the modern Aladdin. It changes the face , of the world almost over night. Steam was discov— cred—and life at once began to change for every man, woman and-child then alive. For them and their de-I sccndants life could never again be the same. Union Carbide was'discovered; and already; its mi- raculous power is lightening and br1ghten1ng the life of every one living to-day. Such world forces are irresist— ible. The results they make possible are so helpful that barriers fall by the wayside as the wave of progress rushes on. . ’ Union Carbide made from selected coke and lime and fused in electric furnaces at a heat of 6,000 degrees Fahrenheit (twice the heat necessary to meltlsteel)‘, looks like ordinary crushed stone. Add water to it, and there is straightway pro- duced the most wonderful gas in' the world—Carbide Gas. Carbide Gas is mending machinery in factories and railroad and shipbuilding plants all over the earth. Broken parts are heated in a few minutes, and then stick together as if they had never been parted. . Carbide Gas lights the entrances to the Panama Canal, Government Barracks, light-houses, buoys and school houses. It supplied light to the contractors who built the New York Subways, and the great Catskill aqueduct tunnel under the . Hudson River at Storm King. It already lights quarter of a million farm houses and barns, hospitals, fields for night ploughing, and is used for loading and unloading of all kinds. Over 700,000 miners depend on - Carbide Gas to work by. If you would like to feud more about this miracle worker, that is changing the habits of millions, write us for a free booklet. UNION CARBIDE SALES COMPANY 42d Street Building, New York Peoples Gas Building, Chicago Kohl Building, San Francisco Dept. 110. - No. 4.‘ _ _ , No. 7.! Michigan Farmer . . . . r. . . . . ..... $1.00 M'Ch'ga," Farmer, 1 yr., Wk' ' ' ' ' "1991‘ People’s Home Journal 1_ Wom,anc World,'mo’ ....... . ..... . Amenican Boy ......... . . . . . . . 2.00 8°)" World or Gm‘ Comp., mo. " '50 Regular price, one year ........ $4.00 ~Re9mar mi“ """"""""" m, I Handsome Berry Spoon of the well known Community Silver Re~ liance Plate. A ten-year guarantee by the Oneida Community, with ’ every spoon. Packed in suitable, individual cases. Popular rose de- sign. Length, nine inches. ~ Sent postpaid for two subscriptions, or for one subscription and Some Good Clubbing Bargains V our PRICE om $3.15 W" "“03 0"“ 51-“ - "No 5 ,No. 9. . .. “Ween Fmer 2 - ------~---$1-oo d'fi‘ilfiéii'afiwu'sfl::z::""£'e McCall: ”flan"?- ' ' ‘ °. """""" - American Bee Journal, mo. . . . . _ 0 Regular price,- one year. - - l - - - {32-00 Regular price .. ..... '. . . . . . . , : 1 mimics am 51.55 W!" mm W M terms Don't Spark to th Write for it TODAY SPLITDORF ELECTRICAL CO.‘ AERO, DIXIE and SUMTER Magnetos, 1 .-~. - . {Ulflw¢V0 $3.11." " 1» ”“11“” 773? ,,_- f‘l" w 1111" , bl. bill/£110 whiz, \(4 v/ 5* {1 71):; I”. strategic/i769 A tractor must be ready for hard, exacting work-— It must stand the hardest kind of usage. . And when it is out of commission. by reason of the ’ breaking of a spark plug or the failure ofa c’ylinder to fire, the loss of time can only be eztpre'ssed in or chip an season ,they'll save you very many times their cost in - thy efiiciency they add to your farm machinery. ' It’s important to bear this in mind—when you find SPLITDORF Plugs as regular equipment you'll know that the engine manufacturer is determined to give the purchaser the highest priced and longest lived plug made. There is a type of Splitdorf Plug best suited of actual dollars. take chances with porcelain plugs. Splitdcrf ' Pin a DON’T BREAK. They cannot crack they’ll never leak oil or gas. In a busy every engine. Our booklet will tell you s exactly right type for YOUR engine. At alljobbers and dealers - Newark. NJ. Impulse Starters and Plugosoilletors Will last longer than Steel, Concrete or Vitrified Clay. withstand freezing, settling, was Steel Bridges, Structural Work, I Reinforcing, Road Machinery, Corrugated Iron Roofing and81d1ng } ILE NORTHERN GROWN S E E D C O R N Leaming: Pride of the tity Reid‘s Yellow Dent; North; White Cap Yellow Dent and Early Butler Write for Price Last. THE PAGE- PHILIPPS SEED CO. Dept. G, Toledo, Ohio. V ‘3 ., I save you on any fencing you need. WRITE today for my big new FREE Bargain Fence Book. 5, no 1'1““ “190' Shows 150 st les. Low Factory Prim— Freight Prep-id. ted “"9 m Also Gates. awn Fence. Barb Wire at bargain _B___"3h°'5 $5,313,, ,6 prices. Sample to test and free. postpaid. lietles. Highest yielders. lBest show corn. _-A__lso seed oats e.) IIIE mu. fEIcE ‘ "In: G0,. mum on” wheat. Sam is on r °’Writ: Cr“. alfalfa.Spr1n w. N. scmrr a see 9,111": today tor cats 03. SEED CORN FOR SALE Golden Dent long grown and acclimated in Michigan. Deep kernel argse ear and stalk. A heavy cropper. «In ear 70 lbs. $5.100 helled 00p)” bu. 8400 K R. “.1 Owosso, Mich. for sale. Mich. Yellow Dent: this seed com corn been grow on my farm for the hat 25 years and will mature at a bu. includ ~ gbags and also Plymouth Rock eggs atSl.00 per setting of]. ‘_ JOHN LOHMAN. R3. Hamilton, Mich. for sale. White dent large ear and stoc .8..d com hea crapper and very early. Planted on bottom landt 0 past season J one, 15th andmatur- ed before frostt stuck it. 83.l150 beush l. I. R. NEHER. Ross, Mich. ' Id 1 i Y SEED CORN. gent .rellgliiiee%ro:v‘iil fire-313$, aerated Swedish elect and Boot- : Also re EgChiefOAats. rculaiBr and sam lesonre nest _ F. A. BYWATE “Memph Mich U. Immediate or future shipments any quan— down, so get in your order now and save money. Quotations made immediately on request. Address CULVERTS 99.84% PURE IRON Will bouts and shallow installation. S. BRIDGE & CULVERT CO. BAY CITY, MICHIGAN highest quality. Prices will not come Mich. Crisco Warden State RI" |.. llllLBEli'l', JAGKSOII, Mlllllllilll , HERE is nothing that So quickly improves the condition of soil like good drainage. Take a wa- er-soaked -,field put in a good system of open ditches, and with a. covering of stable manure and fertilizer or lime added—depending on the nature of the soil—a year or two hence‘yoa will not recognize that same piece of ground. Why? Because drainage has got in its good work. Without drainage the full benefits of lime, fertilizer or manure cannot be realized. A wet soil prevents the as- similationby the crops of the various food ingredients. The advantage to be derived from deep plowing, soil rota- tion. or fertilizer will be small indeed if the soil is too wet during the grow- ing season. ’ Proper drainage is-the basis of any rational method of soil improvement. It raises the temperatdre of the soil to a remarkable degree, causing the seed to germinate much quicker and adds from two to three weeks to the grow- ing season. Think What that means. It means very often the difference be- tween‘ crop success and crop failure. In addition to this, drained land is much more porus and ‘open, permitting the plant roots to penetrate much deep- er than‘ they do in a tight water-soaked soil and letting in light and warmth. In well drained land the effects of drouths will be .much less disastrous, because the land is open and porus, al- lowing the water to creep up through the subsoil and feed the roots of the plants. In other words, a drained soil breathes and lives like a human be- ing; whereas when covered over with a blanket of water the life is gradually smothered out of it. Do not go by the percentage of blos- soms present, but cut when the young shoots at the base of the plants are from one to two inches long. If cut before the first shoots start, one i” sector yourself the money Dir'eet to Farmer at Wire Mill Prices ‘ CATALCC FREE KITSELMAN BROS. 091.218 MUNGIE, INDIANA American Fence Full gnu gewiressiull to: sign; in length i 1. 1 M m p 3 r0111»8 51:8 erior quality: winners?“ film” gfiynfi oegeoebearig 31‘3“ ”8413i!“ Sgedmtor against weather conditions. ’boahel ”magi- eItrfays m ”19”“ “1° hm cur" {sage Special notion: rue-Dealers mm. r ‘5 i5 8mm East JordamMioh AMERICAN STEEL AND WIRE co. 6 ” malice ' _. mw Ten "carom GROWN scans Ask f natal Es Sale 11931:. ”mmwfistu Li'ism. r' carefull reacted: vary as 1 20m ”m Elsi) a” ow dent- Cigarlmlnationse Mich. sanctum tuna cc. Buyld: CAm‘o Jim Middllmm‘? s loses growth on the first crop; but if the little shoots are high enough to be clipped off by the mower, one obtains no more hay and he retards growth of the next crop. The Value of Harrowing. Alfalfa needs cultivation just as corn does, and for the‘same reasons, to. re- tain moisture and kill the meeds and grasses. Do not barrow the first year as the seedlings may be torn out. If weeds are present, they may be clip- ped off with the mower. The second year, after the hay has been taken off. a spring-tooth barrow should be run over the field both ways, lightly the first time over, more deeply the sec- ond._,This will tear out the J unegrass and weeds, produce a soil mulch, but it will not injure the alfalfa plants. Successful growers of this crop tell of harrowing the fields- until no sign of alfalfa can be seen, yet the Stand is uninjured. When one .remembers that plowing and a y’cars cultivati’pn are ~often insufficient 'to kill out well-es- tablishéd plants, it is not hard to be- vere treatment. , Featuring and Top-Dressing. -- “ “BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN Eight or ten inches of them late in right, four. or five acres of alfalfa have that alfalfa will stand snob sea Perfect Drainage Increases Crop Yield and Land VaIUc Land should be properly drained 'be- ~ fore putting in a crop.‘ The trouble with most farmers is they farm-back- Ward No farmer can hope or expect anything like a fair return for his time, money, labor and seed unless he firsts drain_s his farm. What is the use of ‘ plowing, seeding, cultiVEting, and all the other hard’ work entailed in grow- ing a. crop and then let‘s. heavy rain come along and drown itout? ~'Where a‘go'od drainage 'szstem is. in use, the .water quickly runs off or, is held in the ditches until it can sink away through the subsoil, ‘ On account of its high cost, not ev‘ ery farmer'can see his way clear to put in tiling. But with the advent of the latest improved ditching devices on the market, ditching is no longer a. drudgery. So there is no longer an excuse for poorly drained land, as ditches can be thrown out as fast as a. horse can walk. Good drainage not only improves the condition of the soil and increases the crop yield, but also increases the value of the land. In many instances land which, before being drained was val- ued at $15 to $20 per acre has since drainage increased in value from $50 to-$100 per acre. There are many low sags, swamps, and other waste places that ought to be drained and put under cultivation. The level and low land should also be drained. Every possible ounce of food stuff is needed tolphelp feed” the hun- gry people of Europe. This is the farm- er’s opportunity. Every farmer should drain before seeding. There is no method of soil improvement that pays such a ready dividend as does perfect drainage—M. Getting and Keeping a Stand bf Alfalfa (Continued from page 683). growth of alfalfa should be left to pro~ tect the crop during the Winter. This seems to protect the base of the plant holds the snow, and prevents to some- extent the alternate freezing and thaw- ’ ing which often leaves the roots expos-- ed. A top-dressing of coarse manure in the late fall will often save a crop, on exposed ridges during a severe win- ter. The manure alone, ,or manure and phosphate, are important also in main- taining profitable yields. For the sake of the protection the late growth should not be pastured off. At its best alfalfa is not a pasture plant. nor of growth does not adapt it for grazing, except possibly for swine, which do it the least damage. Sheep. are especially severe on it. Alfalfa is too valuable a crop for hay alone to. risk losing it by heavy posturing. Summarizing briefly we may say that any fertile, sweet, and well~drain- ed soil is adapted to alfalfa. Only- hardy northern grown seed should. be used and this should be inoculated ‘ with the proper bacteria. After a. stand. is secured, it should be protected. from weeds and grass, by frequent harrow- ing. Pasturing should be avoided, es- pecially 0n the late grpwth. When put will yield, after the first year, as much feed as ten acres of average clove “sin extra bite. ’ Its man-. . ‘1 . .w‘a y -.,. r3.“ ‘5 2 ,. all. ‘1 ‘V’~wm.~W‘ | esrwésu’ oaks AND HAY—THE .- _‘ 5 8 : no. . .- HE seasons known to stock keep- - ers as “between grass and hay". come in spring and fall. They are try- ing. seasons for the feeder. This is the time when dairy animals shrink in. milk and the feeders of beef cattle know thereiwill be a shrink in flesh. They are discouraging periods and are- always accompanied with a loss unless they can be bridged by either liberal feeding of good hay and grain until there is good grass, or with good silage , for the silo really makes these seasons of little consequence to the stockman. In the spring of the year when hay gives out and the grass is just starting many then turn their cows on pasture and the result is likely to be a loss in milk production. The grass at this time is watery and thin, it looks fine and green from a distance and the an- imal is led on to every corner of the pasture. Like a mirage in the desert the lake of grass is always ahead. This spring the season between grass and hay is the most serious I have ever seen. Hay in this country is forty dollars a ton and pastures are just starting. Few men have hay and they have turned their stock on pasture. They really should not be turned on the grass for another three weeks in order to get the best grass and the best production from the animals. 'Those who have silos have grass all the time for silage is grass-like and is a substitute for pasture so there is no season between grass and hay with the silo owner. ’ . - ' I have found by experience in feed- _'ing dairy cows during the spring sea son, it is important to have a good .supply of -silage at the time when the .‘cows are turned on the grass. It is better to conserve silage even at the expense Of cutting out its feeding dur- ing the month of March than to force the animals to go without it during April. Thefeeding of silage should continue for several days after the cows are on the pasture for the grass lacks body and is veryjight in nutri- ment at this time. ._ Good feeding was never so import- ant as now. Stock are exceedingly high and feed is high, therefore, the invest- ment is great and it requires skill and knowledge to make a profit with such expensive foods. Certainly times are ripe for the silo. Some of our states have started silo drives. Utah, Color- ado, Missouri and Virginia are all now urging more such buildings. This work is being conducted by county agents, agricultural colleges, and special com- mittees. There is no excuse for forty dollar hay if we would but save the feed we have at hand. The consuming public have a right to complain if we do not use the best known methods of economic production. Make this be- tween grass and hay season a thing of the past and cheapen your production and increase your profit. This means a silo. ‘A. L. Eastman, DEVICE FOR DRENOHING STOCK. I . .12} have frequently had occasion to drench cattle, horses and pigs with medicine under the direction of the veterinary. The greatest obstacle we have yet encountered was the dan- ger of the ”animal. breaking oil the- neck- of the bottle. Ta. ovei-comdthis .. danger, we have WW - our drench: ing battle tightly abouttjhe neck with old rags. thus giving the‘amlmaloppor- «. \ threshers. Sndard r Yar it Of Test . Bearings. ment on 12 Many years ago experiments were conducted to , find an anti-friction bearing suitable for use in But because of the extremely severe operating conditions, the effort was abandoned. Three years ago thes; experiments using Hyatt Roller _ years'testing by actua threshermen, Hyatt Roller Be adopted as standard equip wind stacker shafts of Ave were repeated.| And after three 1 use at the hands of practical arings have been he cylinder and ry threshers and are also Hyatt power. save much valuable these advantages in detail. HYATT ROLLER BEARING COMPANY i\ Motor Bearings Division Detroit. Mich. Hyatt itandard quantum! on cylinder boa: of Avery and Annma- Showin mounting“ . ‘ Tractor Béarings Division, Chicago in the cylinder boxes of Aultrnan-Taylor threshem Bearings 'add reliability and durability. make it possible to operate the thresher with less time in oiling, keep the job running steadily and effect a substantial saving in the upkeep expense. Know the value of Hyatt Bearings in your tractorJ thresher,'grain binder. plows and other farm ma-. chinery—write for the Hyatt booklet that explains Industrial Bearings Div. New York City Showing mounting of Hyatt Boarmgr on wind stacker of caringr a: Avery thruherc. Taylor Thu-«hm. . =.,- a. ,.’...:-'.::...-:': » \ p. . r3. w 1' 5 . . ' . Is’ More “ Convenient, Au aginaw Silo .Makcsl Better Silage Will Last ' Longer and Win Give Superior Service at Less Cost, Because it is Built by a Thoroughly Experienced, Progressive Silo Manufacturer ThciFollowingEscentialslAre Vital in Making Silagelroperlys Smooth. regular. even silo w ls which assist the silage to ‘ clip down and pack tightly. 3-5.5 of illurtration—-— (as for down as A-A, front half of silo and silage removed.) ‘ Walls to lac mode of wood- a material non-conducting to" best. (See W-W.) Heat is necessary during the silage fermentation. making non-conducting wood walls nec- essary. There is less freezing next to wood. ‘ Walls of the silo must be airtight. Each union between~ the ends of stoves is joined and locked by a steel plat: (Spline-Dowel). and in sealed tightly by a special binding cement for wood (Silo-real. Walla. must be impervious to moisture. No 3110 Wall should be used that would cook up the moisture of the silage or permit it to ooze away through the wall. Six inches around the walls of a Hx 30 silo reprerenb’ more than one-eighth the entire tonnage. The six inches around the walls of a Saginaw Silo is exactly the some quality as the silage in the center of the silo. ' You will find all of there [our vital eooentialo in the Saginaw Steel-Built—tlie'Saginaw Liberty with Cross. Truss—the Saginaw Leader-or in the Saginaw Tile Silo (-if‘ it is lined with iwood.) .. Let us give you more silo finch. Write today to Dept. 370 ”.1135 Muss comp This represents silage taken from a silo which lacked one or several of the vital essentials. Note dark layer of silage -- B -- “block” —- bad silage. Usually in covered with mould and is foul smelling. Next layer-—-P-—-"poor" silage. which may be of the some color or normal - silage but the odor in. dicatec poor quality. Next layer —- F -— " air” silage. is is nearly the cold: of the nomad oilegc—C—the odor it nearly the some but it, llaclu. ' in food value. ANY * Saginaw. Mich. . keeps out dust and , finoods everybearingwith oil.pre- ' ve ting wear and enablin Let Your Repair Man Go Youwon’ tneed him with aRed River Special threshing outfit. Red River Special construction stays in good condition year after year. It’ s the threshing outfit that saves grain for the farmer and makes money for its owner. It has made a reputation for it- self wherever grain is threshed. Get a RED RIVER SPECIAL and get the cream of the thresher busi- ness in your territory. You don't see owners of Red River Special machines losing business. It’s because they don’t lose the farmers’ grain. Their threshers thrash clean. The big cylinder and the "Man Behind the Gun" beat out the grain and save it. Other makes wait for the grain to drop out. It Saves the Farmers’ Thresh Bill If you want a thresher for your own 3158 ask about our Red River Special un1or, The Nichols & Shepard Co. steam and gas traction engines are the strong- est and most substantial built today. They are built for service. For the man who buys or makes an investment they Will pay him big returns. Nichols & Shepard Co. In Continuous Business Since 18“ Builders exclusively of Red River Spe- cisl ThreshersI ckers, Feeders. Steam and 0-11 Gas Traction Engines Battle Creek Michigan Let en/Rain FISH BRAND SLICKERS - will keep «19% ii l’OMM .71 you dry as “7;- nmrx sucxsns nothing 4" 11511111111 cons else will Figii'is DEALERS EVERYWHERE A.J. TOWER co. —- — BOSTON. 219 4 ' W13“ ‘l'OGO a Bicycle ' That is why in many European countries one in every six persons rides a bicycle. That is why in all ' modern Armies, bicycles are use ' by the tens or thousands. v 1 A good bicycle is the work- man's street car. with the " cost of the rides saved. It is also the finest. complete out- door gymnaeium that keeps you ill: in mind and muscle. Save time and money and get your bicycle direct. from the maker. Jiffdlisclorylo Rider on 310 ill’i‘ox‘imasiwu 5. model .‘i m" 42““? " "1’“ instill? CO 0!‘ “om DegizFZ-geeh ‘I’rlsl. Mead . Pays t airs att haul! Parts “PROP Do' TIIE SELF-Olllllfi Wllllllllll. has become so p at in its first four yearsth thousands dshave geen called for to replace, on eit old towers, other makes of mills. and to replace. at small cost thea earin of the earlier ' .Aermotore.m ing em self- oil- 1113. its encloefiiaad motor keeps in the oil and The Spl lash Oil- rain. em constantly to pump in the lightest in!” supply' is renewed once ayear neigble Gel?“ at:l used. each fierryin “1:11;, 801 inc £1181 es. la Wat; gangly Goods dSt Framefia ‘ -. . . 11m. mums co. 21111 111.111: 81.. chime ‘ , 331111011 The 1111;111:1111 Farmer 11111111 Writing Advertisers V. 0111‘ Boys an HOW l GREW MY CROP OF BEANS. URING the season of 1917 we had organized at Kent City a boys’ farm accounting club. We thought there was not enough active work 'in this form of club work, so that when our club leaders, Mr. Smith and Mr. Stuart, came up to Kent City shortly before Christmas, 1917, it was decided that we would also have a bean club. The object of this club was .to intro- duce better seed beans into the com- munity, as beans are one of the main crops in this Community. We decided to call our club The Kent City Junior Seed Growers’ Club. It was decided that we should all raise Early Wonder beans if p0ssible. I bought my seed beans from a nearby farmer, paying'$7.50 a bushel. Ibought about half a bushel. , I picked them by hand, taking out all imperfect beans so as to plant only the most perfect seed, ' For- my plot I selected upland that had good drainage. The soil was a Henry B. Biork, Bean Club Champion. dark clay loam. l plowed under a. heavy sod about two weeks before planting time so as to lessen the den- ger of the bean maggot. This would also give the soil at chanceto settle. I harrowed it once after plowing and twice just befOIe planting, disking it only once. I planted the beans with a corn planter in rows fourteen inches apart in rows and thirty inches between the rows. ' As soon as the beans were up I cul- or so as to throw the soil under the leaves next to the stem so as to smoth- er all the small weeds in the .row. I cultivated them twice later in growing season. i . : The main trouble last season was the drought as that hit the beans pret- ty hard. But as a Compensation for this there was very little disease. _1 did not notice any in my patch. a... White‘s Brood’Sow. " tivated them with a. fine-tooth cultivat-. May 29 1918, and fifty- -four Some M1ch1gan Club;hamp1ons If I raise beans next.year I think I can overcome the'drought by a couple more cultivations. This would tend to hold the moisture. ' In spite of the drought the yield turned out to be good and. the beans were of extra fine quality, which made up in part for .quantity_._ ’ Eva L. Stephens, and Her Prize Pig. After threshing I found I had exactly sixteen bushels of beans. I sold fif- teen immediately to the local market, receiving $510 per bushel. The total income from the acre would be $81. 60 and my total expenses came to $20.90, leaving a profit of $60.70 on one acre.‘ It cost $1.30 to raise a bushel of beans and a profit of $3.79 per bushel. HENRY. B. BJORK, Kent City; Michigan. ~ HOW I RAISED MY PIG. AM a member of the Rainbow Pig Club, organized last spring through the efforts of Mr. Spaulding, Mr. S. S. Smith, our county agent, and Mrs. H.. P. Peters; secretary of the Davison Agriculture and Horticulture Society. There are nine members in the club. I am a Pig Club member because I like outdoor work, so thought I would like to raise a pig and help feed the soldiers. . I obtained my pig through the Davi- son Agriculture and Horticulture Soci- ety. Mr. Smith'and Mr. Peters deliv- . Rae White, One oi the Original Albion Pig Club Boys 6 . ered us our pigs May 29, 1918,11nd as ‘ I did not have any pen for my Fig.1 put it in the sheep shed The next morning one otLLth'e neighbors called _ up oyer the- telephdne and said there .“wasJ. nice little. red plg‘ over there. I , * {' wept over and with the help of the neighbors and my parents we got the, ' ”his home . " My pig- weighed thirty-three pound: June 15, the beginning of the contest The pigs of this club are Duroc Jer-z 863’s. We decided on this breed so as to have one breed in the community. My pig is registered and her name is “Model Girl B, 2nd,” but my "pet, name for her is “Moxie.” I always- liked this name for a pet. Pasture and green crops are good for—pigs, becauseit gives them a. place 'for exercise and a variety of feeds. I fed my pig mostly barley, oil meal and skim-milk. At one time I fed my pig oats and corn with the other feeds. I always try to keep clean water in the trough between feeding periods. I fed my pig four times a day, until September, and then I fed her three times a day. I spent my time with my pig, petting her, combing her, and car- "rying water for her to wallow in. My pig certainly enjoyed the wallowing place in hot weather. I think that she gained more by having a place to wallow in. \ My pig became a great pet.‘ I did not think that a. pig could be such a' Wallace Kreiger, Potato Club ‘ Champion. ' pet, or that I could like one as well as I do Moxie. ' I weighed my pig every two weeks at first and then every week. -Mr. Smith, the county agent, and Mr Edwards, from the M. A. 0., gave me a few suggestions in regard to the feeding of my pig. _ I exhibited my. pig at the Davison Fair. I won first prize on a Duroc 'JerSey‘ female, over three and u der six months of age, in a class of twelve pigs. In special prizes offered to Pig ' Club members I won first prize offered for the prize pig of Geneseemounty, and first prize for the best Duroc Jer- sey female under seven months of age, and also grand champion Duroc Jersey female. ’ I found out that well-bred pigs are better than scrubs, becafise it does not cost as much to raise them and they bring more money in the end. EVA L. STEPHENS, DaviSon, Michigan. 'side pieces along the dotted lines, tak- ‘ ing careto follow the lines carefully .quite even. Straighten the cardboard ’ y, . ' ' AVE-1 fieélf neglec lag the g’irlson r said: anything in the paper for. girls to make?” I replied (that I would do 80 at once, and here we have it—Ja work basket. and not at all difllcultto make. Take a piece of heavycardbOard and on this draw a pattern similar to the picture. and cut out. Bend the tour so that the bottom of the box will be again, and using it for a pattern out two pieces of cretonne about a quarter of an inch larger than the pattern. Then glue (or overcast) the cloth on the cardboard back and'front, careful— ——-~————.——_——. -uou—oaoofio m— -. -—--- -—------..- - ly turning in me edges call around. When this is done, let it dry for one day. , Little Boy’s Wild Friends By in/Ja B. Roe NCE there was a. little Boy who loved all the wild things; the birds, the spiders, the caterpillars, the butterflies, the tadpoles, and even the little green snakes. He knew,l where the meadow lark made her nest in the grass; he .was the first to find the tree where the baby robins were being fed; he sat for hours watching" the queer looking spiders weaving their webs in the bushes, and once brought home a big gray spider in a box, Which he kept for a long time hoping it would show him what kind of a web it could weave: When it wouldn’t weave he’ said the spider was homesick and he put it out on the vines around ,. the porch. He gathered the little brown houses the caterpillars make when they get tired of being caterpillars and want to be butterflies, and watched them crawl out of theirhouses and unfold their pretty wings to fly away. ' When Little Bo’y’s mother was sweeping one morning, she found a lot of brown and yellow fuzzy things crawling round on the carpet, on the couch, and on the lace curtains. She said: ‘iLittle Boy, where did all these cat- erpillars come from ?” “Oh, mamma,” said Little Boy, “I was so sorry for the little caterpillars last night when they crawled round trying .to find a warm place to sleep that I brought them in and put them in the big vase; please don’t throw them out, mamma." ’ ‘ ‘ Little Boy brought home tiny min- nows-and tadpoles from the pond; he put them in a great glass jar, and took much delight in feeding them. One day he told a‘boy at schdol that tad- poles grew to be frogs, and this boy said, “Aw, I don’tbelie’ve that, frogs don’t have tails,” so Little Boy took his friend home with him to see the tads grow, until he was convinced that little tads grew into "big frogs. . One cold “morning; in winter Little Boy mitts" hisrnrinther crying. "0h, inanimaallmy jfish are'frozi'elf .. j ' ‘ Sure: ensue! Jack Frost. 'had.,i¢e‘df'the 1: 1 80: wattle "fish could.- not" 5mm ‘ _Boy._th '- the ' Then bend your cardboard sides'into ’ this page? I didn't realize 'it u‘ntil position and join the ’corners, A-‘A, B-B, the other eyemn'g’a’ certain little brown .C-C, and DD, by sewing the cloth on eyed girl climbed upon my knee and the! two sides with over-and-over stitch- “Daddy, why/don’t you ever put es, using a strong thread. alight-flier were all 1 I . A. ‘\ V . Now we have the work-box covered and lined and if we sew a piece of cord round the bottom it will make a neat finish and slightly raise the box; To make the cover, cut a piece of card- board to exactly fit the top of the work-box, put a layerof cotton padding on both sides and cover with cretonne. Sewpa strip of the material on the in- side of the carer, caught at intervals, to hold scissors, thimble and other things. Slip two small pieces of mate- rial under the cover and back of the work—box and fasten firmly, to act as hinges. Sew a piece of the cord round the cover edge and the work-box is finished. near the stove and while he watched, the warm air melted the ice and they 'soon began to wiggle as lively as ever. 'One day Little Boy came home from a walk in the woods with a green snake in his pocket. He scared little sister by making snake open his mouth and wiggle his tongue at her. He didn’t mean to scare her, for he wasn’t afraid of snakes and didn’t see why she should be; he thought it was just funny to see the little tongue wiggle. When Little Boy’s papa said something about kill- ing the green snake, Little Boy ran out into the bushes and when he came back he said: “I told snake to run along home to his mamma, she might be worried about him if he stayed any longer." Best letters on “How I Earned 'my First Dollar,” published next week. Our Prize Come” 0 the .boy or girl writing the best letter. of less than 250 words on each of the following subjects, the Michigan Farmer will give a cash prize of $1.00. (Subject of letter to be mailed by May 12): ' “The worst bargain I ever made,” _ (Subject of letter to be mailed May 19): ‘fTh‘e best teacher I ever had." Subject of letter to be mailed by May 262‘ . “Why I joined our Boys’ or Girls’ Club.” ' We desire to make-this con- .test a permanent feature of our Boys’ and Girls’ Department. A new subject will be added each week. - - Write neatly with ink on. one side of thejsheet‘ only.=Give your "agefull name and address. ‘ ’ Address your letters, to, The Boysfland Girl's' Dept, Michigan ‘ \ ’9' Spread Straw and Get $2.3?- a bu. ' -from Your Wheat! Tho straw thrashed {Pom ovory hushol of wheat is ACTUALLY WORTH 250. Do you burn this up? Do you allow It to go to wash? Put that straw back on your land with on “EAGLE" STRAW SPREADER. You will then rocolvo tho fixed price of $2.20 for tho wheat plus a 25c value In fertilizer—1mm your straw-ea soul of $2.451“- your wheat. The Eagle Straw Spreader -Makes Bigger Profits The amount of profits from our farm ls governed by tho dmount of your crop yields. . lggor yields will surely lollow whon you use an “ GLE" to spread straw. Thousands of users ondorso it. It attaches to any wagon—a boy can oporoto It. Spreads 8 foot wide. Simple. mechanical construction. hrivos and travels on two wheels. No cogs to attach to wagon.- EVERY FARMER NEEDS THE “EAGLE.” Only Machine that spreads in WINDY WEATHER ‘(K A Straw tap dressing is’ certain to bring bigger crops. Straw adds fertility to tho soll. Straw rots and becomes humus. Without humus or decayed straw your soil becomes barren. Straw is a perfect mulch.—— pulling the crops through dry seasons. You cannot do anything for your crops that will bring bigger one than spreading straw. Big FREE Book Tells How to Increase Profits Write today for the 'FREE BOOK on the “EAGLE" STRAW SPREADER. Learn all about this wonderful machine. Get the facts about. spreading straw. This book will be mailed you on request. Write for it today. EAGLE MFG. (30., Dept. 41, Morton, III. Farmer, Detroit, Mich; ' - ' . _ ’flimm ".“|“\"l$‘\‘\1\\;\\ I :» 21—", p '8' $2, (V’¢"A\lfi" ‘ Kg ,.- ~._.——:::- Increase Power —- Decrease Carbon Save Gas McQUAY .L' h» — RINGS The ring with a record of eight years' suc- cessful performance. Designed to give uni- form pressure all around the cylinder wall. Stops leakage and enables your motor to develop full power. ' . fl Wherever you are you can get McQuay-Norrio Piston Rings to fit any car, truck and tractor. jobber: and supply houses in over 300 dis- tributing points carry complete stocks of standard sizes and over-sizes. Many thousands of dealers can extend to you our service, which enables them to specify your size requirements for practically every make or model of motor without delay. Send for Free Booklet "To Have and to Hold Power”-— a simple. clear cxplsna‘hon of piston rings, their construction and operation. - I§QUKY-NORM$ ' ' Rifles A special ring for , colgincs that pump or . Used in top groove only of pistons to control excess oil, with Mchay- Non'is \gs__ Piston Rings in lower grooves to insure mama?! magi-£333” . - Manufactured by . ' McQuay-Norris Manufacturing Co. 2877 Locust St. St. Louis. U. S. A. "P A subscription to this magazine entities , . ,. i you to membership in Tho-POTATO W‘ ,0? , A.Wrfiof0tooniplocopy. ' ,. ' - ,- POTAT-O MAGAZINE NH, 139 North Clark music-£0.31- w 1,. 113113.11: . agsu'. my»: .19 .. ,. "I? . 3.13.}... ”i“ . nu; e ‘W " mWen Signifies Highest. Quality I Ill. 1‘!!!- n .111... n..... .1:l.1'......1 I 1.111.. Incest-Ann" Illllllnll n..- e IIAI e I Illness-l... 11.:- . l-A‘AIIIAIAIAI'IIAAA All! llllllllllllllln l 1 LIIIILIII AL 1 IIIJ in... IIIILI lllllll log-Alli..- l I 4 l l‘IIl-ll'll forgo atent Anne-IAA‘I‘ I ...11|| ' This trade-mark on tools and cutlery tells - you positively that they are of the highest . quality. 2 modern design, the highest efficiency in . use are always found under the KEEN KIJTTER brand. — SIMMONS HARDWARE COMPANY The best materials, the most “The recollection of QUALITY remains long arm- the 1312101: to Trade uuk Registered .E' 0' sum 0“" _ POU LTRY lilllGKS CHICKS BHIBKS 350,000 FOR 1919 By Parcel Post Prepaid. Delivered To Your Door. Guarantee Live Delivery. Strong! chicks from pure bred arm steik that are hatched right. Haie (hicks of Utility and Exhibition red to Lay. S 0. $16. 00 and $14. 00 a100d;Ba11-- red Rocks. $18 (I) and 816. 00 :1 100; Rose and dSilrv1%)l0en1 Comb Reds, $18 and “'hite anndottes. 820000011 100: Anc LogonnsgB $18. .03 . B11 Blink Odds and Ends. 31 00 a 100 Eggs f0 hatching. $8. 00 to $9 00 a. 100. Combination offer 011 c 1icks. overs and broader stove G'ne us your order and 116 will make you a satisfied customer the same as hundreds of others. Before ordering elsewhere get our free ill- ustrated (Hatulog Get your cider in early. 7 HUBER’S RELIABLE HATCHERY EAST HIGH sr., FOSTORIA,OHIO. BABY CHICKS The average cost of producing a BABY CHICK under the hen is 221/2 cents. We will supply you With the breeds listed be- low at 12% cents to 20 cents. Barred Rocks .White Rocks Buff Rocks Brown Leghorns White Leghorns Bull Leghoxns White \V vandottes . Rhode Island Reds Butl Or hingtons Black Minorcas Assorte. for Broilers Two millions for 1919 delivered anywhere by Parcel Post. Catalog free. The Smith Standard company 1967 W. 74th St" Cleveland, Ohio HOMESTEAD FARMS Orders for chicks have been too many. rqWe must have three to four weeks to (ill further orde Order only Baired Roch-1:11. (‘ Rliode Island Reds; White and Silver Laoed (in small quantities) Wynn dottes; S. O. la(k Minorras: S. O. and R. 0. White Leghorns; S. 0.11 .C Brown Leghmns; Anconas. gs for atchingn. Hares-Belgians and Flemish Giants. A catalog will be mailed to y.ou BLOOMINGDALE FARMS ASSOCIATION, Bloomingdale, Michigan Cfl_L—CK 10 varieties, best pure blood stock hat tched light and gu__-I;ranteed to reach you in right condition. hatching eggs pre- paid. Pekin duck eggs. Illustrated catalog iree STANDARD POULTRY (30., ll. 7, Nappanec. Ind. 100, 000 BABY CHICKS for 1919 sent safely everywhere by mail or express. Single Comb White and Brown Leghorns and Anco onas. (ix-andd la ng strains. Smng. vigorous. hatched- -ri ht kind enth. season. Satisfaction 51%“- Anconas White ()rphlngtons 100000 This Season. rnteed rder now for sprin delivery. Prices Tree catalogue. W Van Apple orn. R. 7. HollandM aby OhicPks S. 0. White and Brown Leghorns and BB Bdarre PRooke, by parcel poet or express. sated e- livery guaranteed. Knoll'e Hatchery.R. 3. Holland. Iich Baby Chicks Irodio lot. I}. W. loghorns 3.1.5 180“ From stock thfat p rodufield the winrériars i? thifarztgste s vear rcu ar “WWW sii'fisaig'n'iiidk “11111145111115.1119, Mich. B d- L 8. 0. White Leg- Baby figfiiy i'ronir w Tgonfysons Sitran Barred Plymouth}! per 1100. Safe ellvery guaranteed. . Send for chick kfolder and order on Russell Pmltr; Ranch Wetereburz. Mich . ll . Baby ChiCkSS an Siféaflveé‘: all? b.6135. ”5°11: ra.nteed talcg tr? flel‘d fitcherlead‘, Poultry Farms. “30x3. prlnsslield.fle hi0. nicks—n Varieties. 310 r 100 up. 2 weeks n‘r’. {sacks-450111!” tchi ll 15111131111113 w 3.1111???on limiélc 3.011- ‘rreé WP“ try arm atelier-y. cheater-.0. finality. hit e and Brown Leghorns RE? 113%? ht. ch. ‘ .1 A Ring Necked Pheasants Lay 40 to 50 eggs each per year. Why raise chickens to eat when these are much more \ profitable and raised as easily? Weigh 3 pound at six months. and bring $1.00 a pound in the market. Set the eggs under chickens-feed and care for the young the way you would chickens. Are economical as they only require one-half a: much food. Best eat g bird in America. Eggs guaran- teed from vigorous. healthy unrelated stock. 6. 00 for 15 eggs 35 00 for 100 eggs Genuine Wild Mallard Ducks Lay 50 to 60 eggs per year. We guarantee our breeding stock to be the best in the country as they are entirely wild trapped Mallards and not the coasrse semi wild strain. 00f0r 15 eggs 25 00 for 100 eggs gGiant Bronze Turkeys Have a w onderful fleck. headed by prize- ‘winning 55 lb. tom. $1.50 per egg Bloomfield! >5. C. Rhode Island Red Chickens Fine laying strain of prize birds 8 5.00 for 15 eggs 25.00 for 100 eggs Get order in early and send check with it. Send for free booklet and instructions. Bloomfield Farms 1714 Penobecot Bldg. _ Detroit. Michigan B e 140-Eg $ 2.5. 'Cyhampi ion 3 Belle City Incubator ”.522“ . , D Ensign- 911°“ 1:133"... 231:“ Hot 1383911:ch —bo u: only $15.93. Freight Prepaid “”3: so. Gun ran-teed cert: pBovldo" ways to —11.'. Free “.33“ telle'el .11. JimRo ‘ neubator 00.. Box 14. Racine. Will. Rocks. Sele( ted e gs from 1igorous purebred Bu" “3:16? of goodd 13"?ng ability ‘2 per 15; per 00 111 are 50 $10 per rKYRBY, y ft]. 81150“ Lansing. Mich. I contest winners. eggs from strain Barred ROCI“ gin rIecti’rds 81°30 ”atyear. 3.2.00 tt' b . rcu per 58. mg pro13in) AySTLING Coimtantine. Mich. BARiRhED hliiocks exclufivelyb Get your baby ghri‘cks an atc ng eggs on me v or ering now. ces and folder free. H. PIERO, Jerome. Mich ARRED Ply Rock eggs for hatching $2. 00 per 13 de- B li1ered by poft groin heav layin prizewinning strain. BARNU. I 011 on City, Mich. Hatchin eggs se1en leading varieties, B1232! Chicks best quzfiity Lowest prices. Oatalo (fine ree. Goshen Poultry Farms. 11.19 .Goshen, . 0W B Baby Chicks: 3,2...‘3s::§.1.2°311mh£1u Guaranteed to reach you 11 first class condition Blmantel. Catal§1ue with Iprice list free WJLVERINE ATCHEY R.2, eez'eeland. Mich. ABY Chicks and Efi'ms Barron English White wLes- horns, “TheB stock Wterl .GARLOCK n.7,owe11.M1c11. and White Leghorns. BUff Leghornsi egos and baby chicks from great laving strains. satisfaction lguaranteed. Dr. WILLIAM SM; TH, etersburg, Mich. hicks Barron Strain White Leghorns. Pays little more and get start n'ext season. Ear y hatched chicks are aim: the best. 1 11 with r eyoiomkiiii'i'imni: r0 ens an 0 0V 9 e 1' u - m Mamhnol‘il'rimmsmafim peridisci 1’1 let year. free l00lic" 11.1.2. ear WW0 olly (hive Fame. 11.1. Holland, Mich. 331111.135? Pinfpob Hatcheries. Guam 31111:. CHICKS AND EGGS Rose flland Single OombR. I Reds. smack .ll'arm :- “and? 0 super- “WW TERM “if”! out” noun. Layman. Inch. tyboi “$13,101: ggdftlfl: hie: Are very hardy and not subject to disease. - n from a box underneath. ciae$ll A 100lll’“ 5111012111 1 T is quite miscible to keep rabbits. in yards out Of doors, and When unless it is to be given over wholly to the Belgian hare boom Was att its the use- of bucks or young animals. height some years ago, many 03? the This is simply a smaller box placed in V, f ‘ leading breeders constructed heuses one corner. This box should be about with yards attached very similar to eighteeil inches square and abdut a poultry houses. As at rule, though, rab- foot high The box should have no' bit keepers new days confine their aui- top, but choir-la beinverted on the floor male to hutches.‘ Of course, a drygoods bpx, or to make a. series of hutches by the use of second-hand lumber. or perhaps boxes from the strong light. grocery store. The hutches may be very inexpensive, and yet perfectly satisfaétory. The most important point in connection with any house or hutch is that it should be absolutely dry and free frorn drafts. It should be reason- ably roomy, too, because rabbits suffer if confined to very narrow limits. Of course; it is not necessary to have as large hutches for rabbits like theLHim- alayans and the Polish as for Belgian hares and'New Ze'aland Reds, While Flemish Giants need larger 'hutches than any of the breeds mentioned. It is a customary plan to stack'the This’ plan hutches, making three tiers. it is a or the hutch- At one end an opening simple matter to make a hutch from ~large enough to admit the doe readily r should be made, but this opening ' should be plaéedpif poss1ble away from There are several ways of arranging for the easy cleaning of an improvised hutch. One plan is to have double wire doors. frame which fits tightly against the front of the box afid- contains a. small (1001'. When the hutch is to‘b‘e cleaned- the entire front can be taken off. An- other way is to have a board about six inches high placed across the front of the hutch and resting on the floor, be- ing held in place with a button or a. hook at each end. The nest of the space may be covered with wire. At cleaning'time "this board may be, re- _As a Rule Rabbit Keepers Cohflne the Animals to Hutches; saves labor as well as space, yet it has its disadvantages. The fundamental essential in the rearing of rabbits is cleanliness, and it is more difficult to attain complete sanitation when the hutches are stacked than when each hutch stands by itself. A method which has been adopted by some suc- cessful breeders is to have each hutch constructed with sloping roof, 3. block being placed so as to elevate the floors of the upper hutches to the proper height. Then liquids coming through the floors of the hutches are drained away instead of soaking through into the hutCh beneath. It is desirable to have’the roof of eachhutch covered with heavy roofing paper, 'or better still, with tin. The so- -called self- clean- ing hutch, often used in warm sections of the country, has the floor made of heavy wire netting or hardWare Cloth. Very little litter is used in euCh a hutch, and the droppings fall through, being gathered up from the ground or In more elab-t crate hutches light drawers are arrang- ed under the wire floors to receive the droppings, a plan whicti makes clean.- mg very easy. The average rabbit keeper, especially the amateur, is Bahia- kyl .: fled .with a tight floor covered with sawdust or some other absorbent. It few cracks as posouble.~ tain amount of direct sunshine. .‘ When outride quarters erode moved and a Scraper used to pull out, the litter. - If the rabbit raiser is to keep his ani- ! male. in the open air all the year round he will need some kind of roof or shel~ ter which will project a foot or more over the front of the hutch or stack of hutches to exclude both rain and a cer- There is no better disinfectant than sunlight. and most rabbits like topask in it. At the same time it is exceedingly injur- ious in midsummer when the weather is very hot. Moreover, exposure to direct sunlight fades the coats of Sev- eral breeds. It is not wise, however, to keep rabbits in semi-darkness. Ev- en though their coats may be benefit- ted slightly from this treatment, their health is pretty certain to sulfer out of all proportion to the advantage gained _ It is always advisable in northern parts of the country and in Canada to have some kind of shed or- other build.- ing for housing the rabbits in mldwin- At the same time, this is not 1160- ‘ eiSary. and it is better, agaa matter or - fact, to here the animals in outside butchers than to keep them in any building which 18 damn; 1. ted, the rabbit keeper niimt pro :3»? extra amount of stravebr‘hgg 1631119: ' is best, of course, to have the floor: bimbo ., made of matched boards. a51d may as The hutch must contain a neat box:-~ Another and; less expenr ' sive method calls for a ’wire- covered . \ ' 7 top ”providing ventilation. In lieu of “ "opéni‘ngs'fshoul’d be bered at the ends ”hutch»at»‘ilight,.a small opening at the though, that the“ ground will become I ‘ foul and the animals become affected such a shutter, canvas, oiled muslin or with internal parasites, known as coc- even~heavy burlap may be used. With cidiosis‘, which are introduced by un- these substitutes. 11101311.; ventilating sanitary conditions. Moreover, .much more space must be used for a limited number of rabbits than when the hutch system is adepted. . »' of each hutch.‘ “ Now that rabbit keeping has come to be a recognized commercial indus- try, more attention is being given to the construction of rabbit houses. ,. Sev- eral leading breeders have long build- ' ings, with a, series ,of alleys running through them, and with two tiers of hdtches opening upon each alley. On the Pacific coast some of the rabbitrie‘s have open sides all'around, but are (covered with a broad roof to exclude the rain and hot sun. The .hutches, usually of the self-cleaning type, are arranged in long rows under this roof, usually back to back, seas to face on parallel alleys. \ It is an excellent plan to have an outside run in connection with hutch. This may be made of wire netting and mounted on legs,.or it-may rest on the ground. Even in the latter case it I Losss 'SlXTY’HENS. Please tell me what ails my hens, also a remedy and amount to be given. pid’and get poor and lame, Some- timesliver is enlarged, intestines are shriveled, and "droppings discolored and thin. Some have different symptoms than others. I have lost sixty in the past year. One new eats well but re- fuses to walk. I have tried many things and never cured~qpe yet. St. Joseph Co. Mrs. J. E. O. , The emaciation of the birds and the ease should at once he killed and burn- ed because it can‘spread through an entire flock and cause serious losses. The fact that sixty birds, have shown the described symptoms during the should have a floor either of boards or pastyear would indicate that the (1‘15- wire. Too much emphasis cannot be ease has a good start in the flock and placed upon the necessity of having nothing will be gained by trying to doc- such a run. or in fact any kind of out- tor them. It will pay best to kill all side hutches, made very strong. Othvof the bil‘ds' and obtain hatching eggs erwise, the rabbit keeper is likely to from a vigorous bred—to-lay flock and have his StOCk wiped Ollt by the depre- start over in the poultry business after dations 01.? dogs, which often become a thoroughly -disinfecting the poultry serious menace, . and must be taken house and plowing up the yard about into account when the rabbitry is be- the poultry house so that the new stock ing planned. It is usually advisable to can have the advantages of clean soil. cover hutches with wire of a close If you have a large flock of poultry enough mESh to exclude rats and mice and only a small per cent haveshown which are likely to gather“ wherever (usage it will be best to have an ex- grain is to‘be found. - ‘ perienced poultryman in the commu- The question is often asked why rab- nity to examine the flock or hire a vet- bits cannot be kept in large enclosures terinarian as it is difficult to accurately having tight Wire fences. This plan diagnose all poultry troubles WithOUt was tried out more or less extensively examining the afflicted birds. at the time of the Belgian hare boom ' k G- K- R- already mentioned. It was thought then that by fencing in several acres , the rabbits, could be turned loose and > . allowed to multiply without let of hind- rance, the expectation being that in a few yearsa very large numberwould have been- accumulated atalmost no expense for feeding or care. This al- , . . luring propositiont however, failed to ggéysgglgtygtffigpgfi?t’et:ngndsg?§ 1.3.1131 work out. Domestlcated rabbits, being eat good and have red combs, are not made breeds are not adapted t9 evena over fat. .1 Wish someone would tell semi-wild life. If turned out to shift me~What t0 (‘0- B H . Alle a Co. for themselves they are soon entlrely ~ In leggliveakness of adult fowls there exterminated. Like cows ornsheep, or is no inflammation and swelling of the 'any’other 0f the farmer’s 1W9 stock, joints as is the case with joint trouble they need man’s protection and care. It is possible, though, to keep 'rabbits in a small yard or court if the number is not large. . A paved L court or one with a board floor can be handled in ’ much.the same 'way as a hutch except on a larger scale, and will accommo- date a considerable number of young ~ LEG meEss IN VFOWLS. I have one hundred pure-bred Ply- mouth Rock hens. I feed oats, corn and wheat, and they have free range, running to barley stack. They have oyster, shells and some milk. Every week one or two lost the use of right times the bird loses its appetite while the use of one or both legs. ed yard. It is an. advantage to ' ave it an inch or two under the surface. 'Un- less prevented by some kind of barrier the rabbits will dig holes all through the ground, and some of'thes’e holes use of its’legs, nected With an, inside hutch, there can retreat when alarmed. A, rabbit poultry netting five. or .six feet wide, and having one—inch mesh. 5 “I If the 'yllrds augmented tor-due sea- lated in a dry house and doped with 5th or? it to We . 01-30” other .. Vflfifhis » . 953 5’1 and the lameness does not‘go and re- turn as in the case of rheumatism. Diarrhea is. usually present and some- in other casesthe bird will be hungry although it will have great difficulty in eating with the flock because of losing . . . \ , As the annuals. -‘ Wire nettlng may also be disease progresses the,bird becomes used to cover the bottom, of an fnclqs- more devitali’zed and emaciated and ,dies while lying helpless without any According to the best authorities on poultry diseases, they have been una- . . ble to isolate any germ that causes leg will yerylikely lead outside the fence weakness, and have not been able to t0 liberty. Unless 811011 a yard is 6011- 'reproduce the trouble in healthy birds. ' . This trouble seems to belargely pre- should be boxes into which the animals. vented by keeping the birds on good , rations in a dry,'.wellvv.entilated. house. fence should be firmly made of heavy ,A damp house or damp d‘irty- litter seems to be one Of the cauSes of leg weakness. “Afflicted-birds can be iso- ‘son and then shiftedor "if thc‘ground ,castoroil and, good food. Cases of leg cube kept 3311”“? by sowing ode-I “weakness occur in the best managed necks.“ uneasily it is best to kill the fick'birdsjiinmediately'and try to keep . M . _ T ,, , .> u; .. 7'. f . ‘. . t .' ._ .' l." ' - U I l ‘3‘. I I V « g '7‘ “ .- V l' 'I . - .. .' '4 ‘2 L, |P . . . , . :. l . . _, 1 ~ _ fl efi {- ' l‘ ,il . . - :‘ ;,A,,.. “—1. .5 ‘F.V:llflm’:flx-fll,lzi’lflil‘l ‘ V They refuse to eat, look pale and stu- __ lameness would indicate tuberculosis. 5 Birds that show any signs of this dis- RIN CE ALBERT puts over a turn . new to every man fond ! of a' jimmy pipe smokel P. A. is such a revelation it Wins your friendship completely, giving you a brand of satisfac- tion and keen enjoyment that never before has been yours. Tell you the truth, Prince Albert will make such a hit with your taste and your'tongue, you’ll wish you had been born twins so you could smoke just about twice as much! And, all this delight P. A. hands out can be credited to its quality. And, right behind this quality flavor and quality fra- grance is. Prince Albert’s freedom from bite and patch which is cut out by our exclusive patented process. We tell you, to smoke your fill at any clip without a comeback but the biggest bunch of smoke joy that ever was! Does that sound like the goods to you? Buy Prince Albert everywhere tobacco is sold. Toppy red bags, tidy red tine, handsome pound and half pound tin humidors—and —that clever, practical pound crystal glass humidor with spopge moietener top that keeps the tobacco in such perfect condition. R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Winston-Salem, N. C. . Cooyrl be me Rul. eynoldc " bscco Co ‘ ' eggs Plymouth Rocks, all varieties. Hatchlng and Anconafl. Illustrated catalog 30. - Sheridan Poultry Yards. R. 4. Sheridan. Mil-ll. POULTRY 3",er Pogk eggshtlfio for 15. 12“.)! hens {Saidkefifig e gs as year. 0" Vavcrage. . 9935- or 55 “.“n- ohn's Big Beautiful Barred Rocks are hen but died, Winter layers. LE“ 18 3' AYhRY- Saline. M‘Ch' Jqulck growers. good layers 30 eggs , $8. Politago . paid. Circulars. photos. John Northon. Clare, Mich. W' h ' . E P Barred ROCkS 1' $331.35: 1%: $23f§f85 er‘igégeo?) Okah Poultry Farm. White Wyandotte's exclusively for 60; good laying strain. Sam Stadel, Che sea. Mich. eight‘ wars breeding free range. 15 eggs $2.00 0 H I X :- S. O. W. Loghorns prepaid. h. . Banks. R. 3, 80:178. Lansing,Mich. January. Morse bite Leghorn Farm. Beldlng,Mich. ! White's for e gs and the ‘t; 1,”, eggs Blue CUSTOM [manna Hens “we '3 “d We? sods. helmet; Fifteen dozen eg incubated and chicks boxed and BTOWD Legllgrlls._fleu\'x loyipg strain. Farm shipped repaid .75. Sends fresh well packed pre- 8' C' F3088; LEE” 1” $1313: 30 $2.20: 40 33: MI) 36. Poul:- pnid. 0 or May and June chicks uow. Many varietes 1‘ R, 1. Lenngtou. lud- send for circulars. Crescent Egg Oompany.Allogan.Mlcb. paid. loyd Robertson. S Ancouas, W. Leghorns. Book ordeln now for Rocks 8. L. “'yandottes and Light Brahma. ' ‘ Day Old Chicks and Hatchlnfieggs. Circular Bifmd cockerels for sale 83 to 85 each.Eggs in season. “Shtonv M‘Chv C. V. BERK. Allentou, Mich. free. Elmhumt Poultry Farm, Single Comp White Leg. Bl‘ed-to-lay. Barron strain. Eggs per 1;) $l.»0;30 33. 5:50 34:100 $7.50;3OO $21. Order from ad. No chucks. Bruce W.Browu, Mayville, Mich. ' ' F'. l S ' . _ Snowy Whlte Rocks 1.2325 slim-l. “fitt’tiilh All prepaid. « Mrs Earl Dehnhofl‘. Vanburen. Ohio ° We sill-p thousands. orders booked CthkS, now for spring delivery. booklet. FREEPORTHATCHERY, Box 12. Freeport,M'lch. Lay bill S. C. W. Leghorn Large. great layers.pure whites, strong day-old chicks March 250 euc ; April 150 each. Parcel postpald. Lots of 25 or ovenguurautoed delivery alive and l vely Hatch every week after Mar 11 17th. No Circular. Please book order directfrom a. wand send order-sea rly V. A. MORSE, Ionlu. Mich. ' s c B. Minorcas. Eggs from pen 1. $3.00 per 15. ¢ - from pan 2.82.00 field?» Incubutoroggfl 3'1.er hundred. .W. MILLS. Saline. Mich. \ ' White Orpingtmls. Egg that will hatch Plne creSt good, strong chicks 3 and 5 dollars )0: Mn. WlL- 15. (No bub chicks or eggfi by 100). l h Ba ' S C Wh‘t Le LISHOUG . Pine Crest, oyalOak. Mich. En is non . . le ghorn cmcgks at 814.00 pet-100; $65 petbOOimmedlates ecial WH'TE ORP'NGTON Eggs. 31-50 Guarantee 9“ 0 ‘19- w. E. wnsr a. son. R. 1. 'East Lansing. Mk4}. While Wynndottes Free range flock 8) Duston's C k lSiralu hfinspmatefiPtoElgafiibn'sftegngtl-{légx oc are 3, oeggs v arm os .. ex. er . vERN MOORE. rlyartlord.p Mich. hite Wyandotte e gs for hutchln $5.00, $31!) $1. per 15. $7.00 per hundred. Pen 0. 1. $10 per 1%) DAVID RAY. 709 Norris St... Ypsilanti. Mich. W liver}: Géllde%&thit€ Wyanfiiot§§30tromlgngfiq&ality soc.g.y.sprepa . r,. :- 30.$8.m per g3. C. WBrownlng, R2. Bgnland. Migg. Pkfil ducks.e'lther sex.fl.00 each. ‘ and 0th Bram ntfirkglym'lbulouse geese. 8.C.W.Leghol:n oockerols. Berkshire Bills and sows. Chase Stock~ lnrm. Inrlette.liuh deliver . 6.000 chicks each week. livery lull count of livel sturdy uallty chicks that will mature into most 08m tableau persisent layers. Hatching eggs $6 per 1 . Write us your wants and send for valua lecatalo e ves rearing feeding methods. D RIES L .G ORN FAR , Zeeland, Mich. ch. 15° 15.“)0 selected utility. exhibition. trap- “ W nested chicks; always 3000 on ban . Some 10 days old several varieties. Hatching egfil-lflmalo ue Beokman Hatchery. 26 E. Lyon. Grand apids.M ch. ' Chicken Hatche , Fenton. Mich. EM. Fenton Millikan Pro gator. Thorou hbred Day Old Chick 25 massage 10r810.00:100 for 18.00; 8 le 0013b. . horns Tom Barron En llsh Strain. W to Bu and erred Plymouth Rocks. uif Orplng- tons. incense. W.Wyandottes. B.I.Reds, B.Leghorns. Fowler's Bursts. some? units W h t h . - .13, Ebrwfilfk. landlord. Mich. . . . M e For Sale .ltéam‘hfithhatohll‘? “m” M11. Wabgltll-DILLMA . a. 6, .9K' 1”me oftheremainde; Of the '. or sale "Buy the. " gsforhntohing fromfl) M 0th Bronze Turks e _ 'ctral n redial” °dln an. roam, : 13mm . smiling?!) awn.“ 3%. W33. _ grand galgmmmlu. mfirnwl _ r .\* \ ll 0 gr. gs 1hoot-[fl eggsalstlhper 15. as per 100.40Pekin " $18 or 100. Full count live chix uarnnteed. Pullets of ' ' “0 ~ .5 ‘01‘ - '- ‘, 13,1?8‘8 8008p e as vents sampe blood avera ed 70 5 yield tirough December and each. MI‘S- CLAUDIA 313118. 3111832118. MIC]:- Dowagiac. Klein. , ~ ma 2 “We“. ‘ Chi C or ' "1%“1333’3 baton” a bull colt, sired by our iiiiportod “EDGAR 0i DAEMENY” recently sold .in Scotland at the Perth Bull Sale fer the record price of 2,100 guineas, or $10,584.00 in our money. This goes to show the quality of the ABERDEEN ANGUS 7 that Mr Scripps is breeding. He enjoys see- ins good stock on “\Vildwood" and believes that T118 BEST 18 NONE 1‘00 6001). ”Edgar of Dalmeny" won the Michigan Grand Championship last Septeineber at the Michigan State Fair and was a winner in his class at the Chicago International last December. We have a few females with calves at foot and re- bred to Edgar of Dalmen "’ that Mr. Scripps has consented to sell to re uce the fast grow- ing herd. Write To WILDWOOD FARMS ‘- ORION, MICHIGAN W. E. SCRI PPS. Prop.. Sidney Smith.Supt- Registered more: 33:13:13“ ”alarm... ht best I breeiin Prices reasonable. Come and see them? Inquireg r. J. WILBER 01'10. Mich. wooocorr ANGUS Established in 1900. IROJAN-ERICAS and BLACKIIRDS (ll-cheapo). Breeders and feeders of many Interna- tional winners. Write For 1919 Bull Sale Catalogue ‘ WOODOOTE STOCK FARM, 10111.1, Mich. heifers and. bull CIoverIy Angus (j'ahes of good hree GEO. HATHA\V AY & SUN. urebred Angushull. fifteen months old extra good Pprospect: also will sell my herd bull Blackr. ap Mod- eler No. 216132. F. J. LYON. Homer. Mich. Registered Guernseys Bulls. and Bull Oalies, good enough for any breed- t rices 0 can mg a D J. yMuWILIFIaXMS. North Adams. Mich. G ade Heifer Calves Registered Bull Gumys Orlr res. writey our requirem n.ts WALTER PHIPPS [0.4111190 Alfred St. Detroit.Mich REGISTERED GUERNSEYS Just two young (yearling bulls left, ready for service. ome and look them over quick, or write. They are the good ones. Priced to sell. AVONDALE STOCK FARM, WAYNE. MlCH. GUERNSEYS must reduce herd. so offer a few choice females of {ileriworgd bbreedilng 11132621111111, all stock of A. breed- t to {Wm e cfsemu. m . s . Battle Creek. Mich. — ISTERED GU E R NS E Y 813351? cums Containin blood of world champions HICKS' GUERN EY FARM. Saginaw. W. S. MICII Holstein Cows Most Profitable. In all tests conducted by experiment stations tOfind out the relative profits in hoax “181ng and lightweight cows. the big Holstein wins. A test. at the Wisconsin station between fiie Holsteins and fixe medium- weight Jerseys showed that in lone year the Jerseys came 1 and the‘ Holsteins 9.131 per cad. If interested in HOLSTEIN CATTLE Send for our booklets—they contain much valuable information. HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, Box 164, Bratileboro, Vt. “Top-Notch” HOLSTEINS The young bulls we have for sale are backed up by many generations of large producers. Buy one of _ these bulls, and give your herd a “push”. Full descriptions, prices,etc. on request. McPherson Farms 00., Howell, Mich. The . Traverse Herd We have what you want in BULL CALVES the large fine growthy type. aranteed right. in every way. They are from ixh pr. odueing A. R. O. ancestors. Dam’ a records up to 30 lbs Wiite icr pedigrees and quotations. mdrfibo a bout age ‘ do: mm cm on“! HOseITAL a”. m ‘ ‘ ‘ II ' F ARMERS in all outset there is a wide-spread demand for' good breeding ewes and bucks. Mich igan and Wisconsin farmers are show- ing cepecl‘al interest; and the Michigan upper peifinsula farmers are Wide ers being made to that part or the ’ state,-where the cut-over districts are so admirably adapted to sheep grow- ing. Feeding lambs ales are wanted by sized shipments have been made from Wyoming. A ~similar-awakening is tak— ing place in the Western Canadian piov- inces, and. the governments of these provinces are doing much to encourage sheep breeding in Saskatohewan,.Al- berta and Manitoba. Quite recently the government of Saskatchewan has im- ported into that province from the state of Washington a valuable lot of pure- -bred Rambouillets. This is de- portations ever made, and the govein- ment is. reselling them to the farmers at cost, giving highly favorable t'eims There are about two million sheep in these western provinces. At the pres ent time ‘sheep growing districts are tons except lambs, and the other day the Chicago market received its, first car'load of California lambs‘for the sea- son, $20 per 100 pounds being paid. Lambs me?! far higher than in normal times. ‘ No longer age than at this time in 1916 the best lambs sold on the Chi- cago market at $11.90. Not long ago a sale was made in the Chicago mar- ket of 655 head of wooled ewes from Colorado weighing on an average 94 pounds at $15.75 per 100 pounds, which was a high record price. On the same day there was a sale 017,519 head, of 79-pound wooled lambs at'$20.50. The two unpleasant features of the Chicago sheep and lamb market are too gener-. ous shipments; of poorly fed western and native-fed lambs and the habit of many years standing on the part of the big packing firms of making heavy pur- chases of lambs in Denver and other far western‘markets for shipment di- rect to their Chicago plants for the purpose of holding down prices in their. home market. It is perhaps needless to remark that marketing thin lambs or sheep is bad business policy, as the killers insist on knocking off prices to an extent that leaves little, ifany, profit to owners. W. W. F. - RESTOCKING PASTURES WITH CATTLE. HE time is here for restocking the pastures with cattle, and desirable lots of feeders have undergone steady advances in prices for several weeks, placing values for the better class at the highest figures on record. While it is impossible to forecast the future, it may be said that in the light of past experience,.there is danger of paying too high prices, although some farm- ers are in the habit of buying expen- sive -feeders and coming out well ahead. With high priced feed, most stockmen study‘ how best to keep the cost of fattening their cattle within moderate bounds, and there are many who go to the extreme of feeding so sparingly that when their cattle are marketed, good profits are lacking. Heavy beeves~ have gone completely out of fashion, and the few Such ship- ments are sold at a generous premium over prices for good cattle 0fmlight weight. "Of course, cattle must have something besides grass if they are to“ be made choice in quality, and corn, use, as well as clover hay and melaSSes feed, in addition to grazing. --—W. W. F .r. A! success is some one who has done .jndirferent person would have done it; try are showing renewed inteest in the sheep groWing induct‘ry; and’ awake, numerous shipments of breed-Q many of these farmers, and some gobdr 4 scribed as one of the most valuable 1111-; marketing little in the way of live mut- , silage, cottonseed meal all come in for. The sale includes the two herd ADMIRAL RAG APPLE, 234267, and- 612.7 lbs. milk in 7 days, fine individual. yrs. .andfiire A Show bull ‘Wit‘lia sire will be inelii‘ am eaver in the sale. records. A931 to 29.5 lbs. Sale Headquarters Hotel Bryant, Write for a Catalog to V , MAR-"2H PIPER , 1 And 22 Head of Similar Breeding FromII' he Herd: of , , , .I... C. KETZLER and Fond Pierson . , ~ ‘1 1‘ 77 ChmceRegicteredI-deteterne77 - 3 ‘1' Flint Mi‘Ch. May 13 1919 I dyke 8th. His dam, at 4 yrs., and sire’ s dam average A remarkably bred young sire anda FLINT HENGERVELI) LAD,-124989, senior herd sire, a sch of the former World’ 85 Champion, Flint Bertjusca Pauline. 32. 7 lbs. butter 735 lbs. milk in 7 days. ‘ emarka epedigree. 53 coins and heifers in calf to these two great herd sires, includin 11 A. R O. heifers ran ing from 1.7-lb yearling to 27. 8-lb. Jr. 3yr. ol ..5lb.c01 and a 34.8-lb. cow and 11 others from 22.5 A few choiCe bull :‘calves from high record cpws. Tuberculin tested by approVed veterinarians. MICHIGAN’S GREATEST OPPORTUNITY Sale held under cover at the- P-iper Farm, 1 mile north of Flint, starting promptly at 12: 30 P. M. Tues. May 13th. MARK H. PIPER, Flint, Mich. of 55 Head Owned 31; 51res— ,1 . , a yearling son of R T8,] gagn. . . u er His (111111, at 4 ' - I '1 17 daughters of this great "~|. ‘c.‘ ‘ - 1 Flint '. t red Holstein Bull calves from A. R O. cows up Rggiggmbs. buttereiID 7x1I s. randuons of teh 850.000 CLUNY STOCK FARM When you need a herd sire remember that we have one of the best herds in Michigan. kept un- der strict sanitary conditions Every individual over 6mos. old regularly tuberculin tested. We have size. quality. and production records back- ed by the best strains of breeding. Write usaiour wa R. BRUCE McPHl-Z SON. “Howell. Mich “Winwood ' Herd” . REGISTERED V ' Holstein - Friesian Cattle Sire in Service . . ‘ FLINT MAPLECREST BOY ._ His sire is Ma iecreat Korndyke Hen rveld. His three near at Sam's each over 30111:. oRantter in 7 days. His dam and granddam both made ova-128211111. of butterin one car. It is" Vlockin Bnoy's PG , days and 121 1118.111 so do a. 136 6..27 a coke about emu iho to the creamer . We have bull calves fremz wee to 12 months 01!.me ; O dams and aired Flint Maplecrest Boy. which we will sell mat:dai% farmers price breed 11; considered. more cows to freshen which means more Mb Let us know your wants. We wi make terms on approved notes. JOHN H. WINN, Inc. Lock Box 248, Roceemmon Mich. Reference Boscommon State Bank. BULL CALVES y . No.112849. The sire‘ s dam at 2% years. grand- dam at 31/ years. and great grand-dam have semi-official records averaging 842 lb. butter in 1 year. Dams of calves have A. R. 0 records up to 19. 23 lb. butter in 7 days. ‘Write for breeding. and prices. . PEACELAND €111.00“ FARM Three River‘svyflch has. Pet re, Herdsman C. L. BRO OWner THE HOLSTEINS At Maplen Avenue Stock!“ m. are under Goren-me t rvisio The entire. hé1dhave just n‘tubero 11.012 A~ Sired by to buy bull you are look 135.7051! have two very fl richly bred. and 31110111 individuals ready for any amount of service. Iwa want to answer any question you may ask about them a: ome-11m somthing better than a Careless or Gobleville. Mich. . 100--REGISTERED HOLSTEINS-e- 100 ' at ‘DOnald by Prime Lad 9th. Militant Farmer by 8019 imported Farmer. Fairfax Farmer by Militant 8‘; Farmer. Danuby Perfection Fairfax. . Mapleside. d .. Bill I‘Lt L-E. CQNNEL’L; Fayette. Ohio tch- “Topped for In 11 econdition. odor-n It i Form-0d saleA fine registered ”Holdegeo bull from 3;“! gang“ III. hoglérgom't To 9:101. 6111:“ "3302335“... 2253.335: ‘3‘?" y “3;... “ddms‘mw . 111.. ‘ BIDWELL STOCK FARM, ‘ 7 _ x B Tecumseh Mich. - ‘ Bit": "i 3'.“ have 1 mm! ewe- “850.00, 1 . , ' F1331; R“ “£11,; #31111». Mioa’ Shfirulo‘gl gigs" 051m” §¢X EXIOI‘ Silo ‘ 1 . r _ w' ' c 0'. a I- ~. ' , _ i 1.11 1111 who: , ~ : We offer for: .2115. Lane]! of M. Jerse herd. B 11 nd ife Maple calves sired by a 11:; lhow thdlnezv ngld'; Champion. Sophie's _A nee. . RV IN FOX, Alignmfiifiid LILLIE Farmstead Jerseys. AYoun bulls ready for service from of M. cows. wTued hfifers and OQLON 0. LILLIE,A tCoopersvi le. Mich. Jersey 31111. Goldie Foxhall Lad No. For saremm re’r sun 11.11110. 129561 Dam Goldie Sophia No. 852783,t bull insolid color. black tongue an switch, dropped Mar. 11.11111918 extra tine Dindivi ual . good enough that;0t Iwill ship him 0.0 Also a few bull calves. ddrc NEWMAN’DS STOCK FARM. R. l. Mariette. Mich. - The Wildwood Jersey Farm. COWS. R‘é‘ii‘tii‘;i°ti .1... Mesa. 0.... Fun-214.1191.» — es s t jesty dams. ALVIN RABDEN. oOapgc. Mid: Registered Jerse b 11 For sale for service and buIl caTvez. ready iSMITH J: PARKER. Howell. Mich HEREFORD-S -’ 3 Both sexes and all ages for sale also horned end~ polled. Bulls in service Governor by Prince ALLEN BROS.,Paw Paw,MicI1. Harw00d’s White Faces KE EP 0N 508019 . A Ton Bull Holds the Herd . The'lbeef cattleI 9c the da. Only 2 yearling . 131111 a left crop o bulls ready for sale. ' « H Will spare a yfew1.fernales You can not inake ' " abetter investment. I wish to thank my cus- tomers for past favors. JAY HARWOOD, -: - Ionic, Mich. ”4 - , 1 Polled d n d ‘ fifinfggm‘tfimym’gi’ Pfi'mhgs "5 '4 o8m¢omn11°°mdii£inifsMnfiiyuT 301) no iaxrf 01021 ' ’ ‘ -‘ 5:55“ for sale. either 11:: dpgilfighmr, ' 1 *5/52 :. 8.007. '11. WW Axe. M1011.“ ’ ' " V 11111111111111 a... sad and min. ' b11110; cow- and heifers-Good Scot to]: and ' Richland Stock F arm TH RN 110M: 111?“ eggs. mimic {’ng cows withce o . \ M'stltge is thebest time to cut, consider- _ ; age, fodder or hay purposes. ‘ up. > ' in the casebf this crep, soil from a as: 684). mg both palatability and the .mghes‘t . feeding value-7 ‘ » t l A‘yield of from 'one and a half to two and a half tons per acre should re- sult from oats utilized for this purpose on adapted soil. - ' . . . . , Sorghum. , ( * Sorghum may be used for either sil- ‘ For sil- age it is handled in the same way that corn is handled, but may be‘planted at a-.'considerably later date. The best planting time is about one to two weeks. after ordinary corn planting seat son, when the ground is well warmed For silage 'sorghum should, be planted in rews ' thirty-two to thirty- ‘ eight inches apart, using eight pounds of seed per acre. Sorghum will yield about as well ascorn and make almost as good.a silage. For hay or fodder sorghum is seeded with ordinary grain drill at the rate of forty pounds per acre. It is cut when the seeds are in the early dough stage, using the ordinary mower, and curing in small cocks. Yieldsot‘ three to five tons of dry, forage maybe expected on good land from- sorghum. The Early. Amber Variety is the best for Michi- gan. Sorghum is a heavy surface feed- er and its ,effect on the land is often noted the following seasons on other crops. ' ' Sudan Grass. ‘Sudan grass is one of the recently introduced forage crops. Experience with this crop in Michigan has given a divergence of opinions. If Sudan grass is planted on land fer‘ tile enough to produce a good crop 'of corn at a fairly early date in late May or early June, it will produce an excel- lent crop of hay of somewhat better quality than millet hay. As yet this crop has not supplanted millet, owing chiefly to the comparatively high price of Sudan grass seed and to the fact that it is often allowed to become too coarse and woody before harvesting. It may beplanted with the ordinary grain drill, or broadcasted, using from twenty to thirty pounds of seed per acre. 'From one and a half to three tons of hay should result from this crop, according to seasonal conditions. One cr0p per season is produced in Michigan, though in southern states two or three are harvested. . Soy Beans. . Soy beans can be employed as a use- ful emergency crop where the clover crop has failed. They should be plant- ed in late May or early June on ground prepared as for field beans drilled with grain drill or broadcasted, using from one and a half to two bush- els of seed per acre. The varieties reCommended'for hay are the Early Brown, Ito San, Medium Yellow, and Medium Green; and in northern counties early strains of Ito San, Early Black and Ogemaw. The harvesting is done with the .mower alter the pods form and start to fill. The hay is made with difficulty, particularly during rainy weather. The stems take considerable ‘time to dry 0111:. BY practicing care in curing in the cooks a good quality of hay can be made from the soy bean crop. From ‘ one to two tons of high protein hay, comparable to clover- hay, should re- sult from soy. beans. ' . 0n land where this crop has not been . previously grown, inoculation is , neces- sary. Culture can be secured from the [Department :of Bacteriology, M. A. C., » East Lansing, Michigan; or'better.yet, field where's” beans‘heve been suc- " .zeeéstully grown - the ,. year previous . Mm be employed. rt o successfully in- W‘ . “ed- ’ " ' h ~ . «a, m.’me._late' "milk or early, dough f ~ Heal Sores , Quickly ~ . Dust the core or cut with Dr. LeGear’s Anti- peptic Healing Powder. In handy sitter top can, easy to use. Forms a coating that stays on—pro- tents {rem insects and infection. Heals quickly. Guaranteed to do all I claim, or dealer will refund your money. This is my personal prec sCription for cellar and saddle sores, barb wire cuts, chafed spots, open sores, etc. Healing“ Powder , Get FREE Sample Can from your dealer. . lust ask your dealer for free sample can. If your dealer asn't samples, write me, enclosing 3c postage. and I will send you sample can, with my 64-page reference book on stbck and poultry. Dr. LeGea‘r's Lice Killer. Poultry Prescription. Stock Powders. Dr.l..D.LeGenr Medicine Co.. 712 Howard St. St.Louis.Mo. Dr.LeGear’s Dr. LeGear's Dr. LeGear’n Antiseptlc DI. L. D. LeGm Veterinary Surgeon. Graduate Ontario Voter- lnuy College. Toronto- Cln, (1892). ”your trut- lnd stock and poultry nil- Inonu. ' fl ’A few high class young * man Annualsan 0t lterlngslnn Gounlyumtder’s Sile to. ' ‘ ’0' , , wlll be hold all Howell, Mich. Welt, May 213i 1919.. A1123!) o’nlock P. M. 70 head of lllgh Elm Registered Holstein: will be altered A large percentage of the offerings either have A.R.O. records or are from record dams. Among the lot are three daughters of 32 lb. cows and a 25 1b. 3 year old dau- ghter of a 28‘lb. cow. , bulls will be included. . Many of the females are bred‘to bulls §v5hl%se dams have records from 30 to 5. ,Col. J. E Mack, Auctioneer. (Catalogs ready May 10th). P. 'M. TAFT, Secretaryf HOAK GROVE, MlCH. Shorthorns of Quality Bootch and For sale Scotch Topped descendantsofArchu‘e Hope. Avondale. Mnxwalton Sulton and White Hall Bultongé the Oscoln Co. Bhorthorn Breeders Ase. JOHN HMIDT, Sec. Rood City. Mich. ‘ ShOl'thOl'ns Central Mich.Shorthorn Breeders Assn. W . other 37 bulls all ages. 17 females for: rite ‘ sale Oscar Skinner, 886., (Jrowen. Mich. Shorthorn Breeder CHAS. WARNER. Jr. ~ 100 he'd to select fro . Write Shorthorns me yolir wants, rice I‘PZISUllilth. Wm. J. BELL. ose City. Mich. . . Scotch bull 2 years old, 3 good bull Shorthorn calves 7 mos. old for sale. W. C. ()SIUS, Hillsdale. Mich. No stock for sale at present. Imlay City, Mich. Th Kent Co.Shorthorn Breeders have both males 8 and females for sale. Ask about them. L. H. LEONARD Sec. - - Caledonia. Mich. Guarantee Quality Sale Seventy head of High-Class Registered Holstein Cattle, most. ly from Herds under Govern ment and State Supervision. Carefully Tuberculin «Tested by Government or State accred- ‘ited veterinarians, and Guaran- teed to be Breeders. if of Breed- ing Age. What can the buyer ask more? Justnote the Quality of the cattle consigned to this Sale. Two 26-lb. cows and a 24-lb. cow bred to Glen Alex King De K01. a 43-lb. Bull with a 42—lb. heifer Grand Dam. A daughter of a 30—1b. cow out of a 38-lb. Sire. ' _ ' Six good young cows and heif- ers nearly'ready to freshen, and in calf to the Mighty Ragapple, a $10,000 Son of Ragapple Korn- dyke 8th, and the 38-lb. cow, Ormsby Jane Piebe Segis. A 26-lb. three-year—old, a 23-lb. Senior two-year-old, a three-year-old, a 28-lb. four-year- old, and a son of a 26-lb. cow, and a High Record Sire from the noted Traverse City State Hos- pital Herd. ' A number of good A. R. O. cows safe in Calf to Bulls from Dams with records from 30 lbs. to 43 lbs. erl. HARPER, Sale Manager ' ‘M‘IDDLEVILLE, MICHIGAN '1 pr ’10 ("and mi] . snares... ”3%- met... m... ..... ' ' 1, Q". : Good A. R. C. Cows and choice Heifers that will be fresh at time of Sale, freshen and bred. to Sires from High Record Dams. Choice yearling heifers calves Dams and high-class Sires. Five choice heifer calves, all from one 32-lb. Sire and their Dams, all from one 32-lb. Sire. A few choice bull calves of: ex- cellent breeding. This is the Buyer’sopportu- nity to purchase healthy cattle of good type and breeding. or soon due to and from well—bred Remember the date and place of this Sale, 14th, 1919, at the West Michigan State Fair Grounds, Grand Rap— ids, Michigan. Wednesday, May If interested, write me ,for a Sale Catalog. , Buyers of Holstein Cattle from other States should note 23-lb. ___—. A . CATTLE - that this Sale follows The Mark Piper Dispersal Sale which will be held at Flint, Michigan, on Tuesday, May 13th, where 77 head of High-Class Hol- stein Cattle will be sold. Plan to attend both of these Sales where Good Healthy Hol- stein Cattle can be bought in car- load lots, and easily shipped to destination by purchaser. n. L. PERRY, Auctioneet 1919, and _' ' ' Clay bred _ Mdkmx Slmrtlms 3.... moment" W k _ ' DAVIDSON awn. Tecumseh. Mich. - ' Shorthorns of best Bates breedirg and Mllklng U. I. (l. swine. Bulls for sale 1 run. to 1 year old. E. H. KUH‘TZ. Mason, Mich. ' Scotch Topped Short.‘ Roan Yearllng horn bull for sale. V. E. MURitISH. B. 5. Flint. Mich. ' May Hose Bull can Something Extra shed by St. Austell Dreadnought 34671, by Don Diavolo of Linngis-ta, 23%;. and from Miss Bess of Yellowdnle, A. B 583 lbs. 8. 1",, and average record for three years of 510 lb. B. F. and a calf. Price 8200. Also several fine A. R, bulls of ser- viceable age. BALLA RD BROS, It. 4, Niles, Mich. of Registered Aberdeen Angus cattle. Breeders Several choice bulls for salt; LANG 8808.. Davison. Mich. 615 lb. milk 28.97 lb. butter 7 days aver. for2 nearest damsoflmo. % whiteblll calf. Uddam 831 lb. but.- ter 19021 lb. milk 10 mos. Also heifers bred to 36 lb. son Atkin's Maplecrest. M. L. McLaulin, Redford. Mich. $100 buys registered Holstein bull. large enough for Barnes. 30 lb. breedxnfi. Light in color. Good individual. B. B. REAVEY, kron. Mich. HOCS What would the earning capacity of a Brook- water Boar be in your herd? A mid-west breeder states that the Brookwater hour he used added from 875 to $100 to every gilt bred to him. It payed this man to use one of our boars it will pay you. . We have several that we are offering at prices which appeal to the small breeder who must of necessity be a conservative buyer. We have a few that are good enough to be used in high class herds at prices in keeping with their in individuality and breeding. Money invested in a good herd boar very speedily increases the value not only of what you sell but what you keep. Send for price list or better. visit the farm. BROOKWATER FARM, Ann Arbor, Mich. HERBERT W. MUMFORD, owner, J. BRUCE HENDERSON, Manager. OAKWOOD FARM Nothing for sale at present booking orders for spring pigs (Durocs). Tax ayer and Gold Model breeding. RUSH 8308., Romeo. Mich. E‘OB Sgle IDuroc Jeréstzyl‘s‘ of theibig honed type fall igso eit area: an a in or are orsprin i . " CHAS. inlay. oxemos.snli$. DUR~OC J ERSEYS Fall pigs either sex also spring piss pairs not akin. Sired by the Grand Champion and Junior Cham ion boars. F. J. DRODT. R. 1. Monroe. l\' ich. Descendentspf the leading] strains; Cher King, Defender, Kmfilof Col's, T e P_rofessor. a] bredto Col. Defendert efith. No. 123700. his sire, Pnl's Pre- mier Col. '1‘. No. . Dam. Royal Defendress No. 25m, one of the most promising herd boars in Mich. i an. Prices reasonable. Write for prices and fur- t er in ormation. THEJ .NNINGB FARMS. R. 1, Bailey. Mich. SEVERAL GOOD Duroo sows bred to Orion‘s Fancy King. Boar pigs ready for service. jnuno cuarnsrvs Ii, .3, W...‘ Claymore and ~ , , falls," angular... y. oeemary Forms, W ready for service. 8 ‘rd egtab. by Prof. 0. Burgers. Mich“: orthorns bred tor milk mismatch. Mich. you bulls ‘ beet. ”Jolie”. mm. \ ,Additionnl Stock Ads on . r "' Registered Duroc Gills NEWTON BARNHABT, St. Johns. Mich. E? D. nmnnnnnx, Wayland. u». ' llurnc Opportunity j ‘ «a H“ ,‘ 5* SECOND EDITION. IThe markets in this edition were re- VIsed and corrected on ternoon, May 1. WHEAT. The wheat trade now occupies a very strong position and there is little chance for change in the opposite di- rection before the new crop is avail- able. Millers are active buyers and ‘ have a strong demand for all the flour - they can produce. Feeds are also in good demand with some grades quoted at higher values. Hoover's recent an- nouncement that Europe would have to be put on wheat rations until the new crop is harvested did not prevent a bearish disturbance in grain markets on Tuesday. Crop conditions continue promising. One year ago wheat sold on the local market at $2.17 per bush el. Present Detroit prices are: No. 2 red 2.70 No. 2 mixed ............ 2.68 No. 2 white ............ 2.68— CORN. Announcement by the Food Adminis- tration that it would release seaboard stocks of flour formerly intended for export, at a cut in prevailing prices was partly responsible for a violent break in the corn market Tuesday. Bel- gian relief also ceased May 1. Im— proved weather in the west and a grad- ually increased volume of receipts from farms, together with a resump- tion of business in Argentine aided in forcing the break. There was some recovery from the bottom. The head of the Food Administration warns the; dealers that any attempt to force the prices of corn and oats to an unreason- able level wo'uld be frowned upon by the Food Administration. One year ago No. 2 corn was quoted here at. $1.50 per bushel. Present. quotations are: . No. 3 corn .............. $1.60 No. 3 yellow ............ 1.63 ' No. 4 yellow ............ 1.60 No. 5 yellow ............ 1.57 No. 3 white ............ 1.63 There was fairly active trading in Chicago with prices fluctuating o’ver a fairly wide range. Quotations there are: No. 3 yellow $1.57@1.59; No. 4 yellow $1.56@1.57V2; July $1.56; Sep5 tember $1.52. OATS. Quotations in the leading markets have followed closely the course of the corn trading. Delayed seeding has been a bullish argument in the market as there is no doubt that recent unfav- orable weather cut down the acreage for this year. The demand has weak- ened, however, the past few days. One year ago standard oats were selling on the local market at 87c per bushel. Present prices here are: Standard .................. 731/; N0. 3 white ............... 73 No. 4 white ............... 72 RYE. The call for rye has let up and pric- es show a decline of three cents. Cash No. 2 is now quoted at $1.73 on the, local market. BARLEY. Prices take another jump. Export- ers are after this grain to aid in feed- ing Europe. On the Detroit market cash No. 3 has advanced to $2.30@ 2.40 per cwt. BEANS. Our New York report states that the exportation of beans has been excepg 'tionally heavy during the past few weeks. Markets have shown but little change over the country, although the tone has generally been firm to strong. At Detroit sales to wholesalers have 'been on a basis of $7.75@8 per hun- dred. The Chicago trade is having a freer movement and a better de- mand, with the market occupying a stronger position. Michigan pea be ns, choice hand-picked are quoted tfere at $7.90@8.10 per cwt. Moderate re- ceipts are reported at New York with the demand fair and market steady at $7.50@7.75 for the best Michigan pea beans, red “kidneys $11@12.25,-and the " white marrows $10.50@11.75. Both deo ‘ «mend and movement are good at Phil- »; ‘3dt31phi9..Wfih choice. hand-picked Mich- ajgan pea beans at $7.50@7.75 per .cwt. SEEDS", . .yery; lit. 9. doing in the ‘Thursday af— k seed market, with prime red clover at $29.50; October $19.25; alsike-at $26; timothy seed $5.25 on the ‘Detroltmar- et. FEEDS. Prices in 100-lb. er. Prices in 100-lb. sacks to jobbers are as follows: Bran $45; standard middlings $47@48; fine middlings $52; coarse corn meal $64; craCked corn at $65; corn and oat chop $52@53 a ton. HAY. Supplies are not adequateto meet requirements with prices advanced as follows: standard timothy and light mixed at 335500136; No. .2 timothy and No. 1 mixed $34.50@35; No. 3 timothy$30@ 32; No. 1 clover $32.50@33. . Pittsburgh—Receipts of hay are ex- ceptionally small and prices are ad- vancing rapidly. All grades are dis- posed of at top prices. Quotations are: No. 1 timothy $39@39.50; No. 1 light mixed $37.50@38.50; No. l clover mix- ed $37@37.50; No. 1 clover $36@36.50. POTATOES. A weaker tone prevails in most of the markets. At Detroit the trading is easier and prices lower, with the Mich-' igan Wits U. S. No. 1 selling at $3.25 @335 per 150—lb. sack. The same grade sells in Cleveland at $3.50@ 3.60; New York $3.65@3.85; in Pitts— burgh $3.50@3.60 per 150-lb. sack; in sacks to jobbers. No. 1 timothy at .$36.50@37’;' a. Buffalo at"$2.30@2.45 per cwti initials: that iii-new caSes '44.@45c.h“'Higher-n:- ' Michigan growers ‘pricesghpreyail at Chicago withgflrsts nati $2.40 per cwt. are receiving $1.85@2 per cwt. in balk. at =42@‘42‘I§¢i at warehouse. Haulings are light. , Prices are generally a.“ little lower and the tone is easier than a week ago. On the Detroit market fresh, creamery stock from Michigan is 571,9 @581/20 per pound. At‘ Chicago the range is from‘ 53@601/3c. A weaker tone pre- vails in New Yorkat 59%(0362c for creameries. At Philadelphia the trade is lower with western Creamery extr , ordinary firsts ' 39% @ ' firm, with western. stock at,44@51¢. Quotations to"$1’3.05 @1335 per case for western firsts and extra firsts. ‘ .; , .DETROIT CITY! MARKET An active demand for" potat es de— at 63%0 ~ $1.30@1.40 per bushel for good stock. ' H ' ‘ _ ,' .~ .‘Eggs sold at 45c in case lots, 7180 at. . C mg. I retail. Pork brought 23@25c; country- Not much change since. last week butter 65c. ’ ' with the hope of increased production GRAND RAPIDS giakfng 1(‘lllealleirs fegl a little easier. A; ‘ etroit ic gan ats are now quote ' Some fruit rowers re o’rt thefreeze g} 30c and daisies at 30%”: In New ' last Thursdaygnight,‘whlen the formed . ork the trade 18 easier With current half an‘ inch thick killed the early make special at 32@321/¢c, and average cherries in blossom ’in some localities. run at 31%c. Phlladelphia trade 15 Other fruit buds not being far advanc- steady, ““11 full mllk’ new at 32@ ed, they believe were not injured ex- 4321/20; do 01d at 35@38c. cept possibly in very exposed places. EGGS. \ Dealers have given up' the idea of 11.1311“; Opening next Friday, at. the securing cheap eggs this spring. DurP City market. It W111 ‘be 99811 {W106 a ing the past week prices showed an week, Tuesdays and Fridays. ‘ :PQta' advance. Practically all the northern toes 801d on» the City market durlng markets are. in a strong position. Fresh the week at §1-10@1-20- Atsome 8111p- firsts are now quoted on the Detroit ping pomts In. western Mlclnsan they. market at 43c, extra firsts in new advanced to ”@225 Def CWf- Local cases at 44c, storage packed firsts and United States assistant in market sur- - ' veys reports the range in price in gen- eral at $1.6.7@2.10 per cut, according Live Stock Market Service to variety and quality. Last year's pricesmere 70@90c. Hay is now $35 per ton on the city market; and scarce. Market superintendent predicts $40 a. ton. Dealers in hay are of the ’opin- Reports for Thursday, ‘May lst BUFFALO. On today’s market pigs sold at $19 and other hogs at $20.’.‘5m,20.85. Lambs brought 316750117; calves $16.50. Cat- tle trading was dull. . DETROIT Cattle. Receipts 2,665. Feeding culls, stock« ers and feeders were steady; all other grades dull at 75c@$1 lower than last week’s close. ‘ .Best heavy steers ........ $14.00@15.75 Best handy wt bu steers. 13.25@13.50 Mixed steers and heifers 12.506‘1300 Handy light butchers. . . . 10.50@ll.50 Light butchers .......... 8.50@10.00 Best cows .............. 10.00@11.50 Butcher cows ........... 9.50@10.00 Cutters ................. 7.5061) 8.25 Canners ................. 6.25@ 6.50 Best heavy bulls ........ 10.00@11.00 Bologna bulls ........... 9.00@ 9.50 Stock bulls ............. 8.50@ 8.75 Feeders . . . ........... 10.50@11.50 Stockers ................ 8.50@10.00 Milkers and springers. . . .$ 85@ 165 ‘ Veal Calves. Receipts 2,376. Good grades steady. Common kinds dull. Best ........... . . . . . .$14.00@14.50 Others 9.00@11.00 ~ Sheep. and Lambs. Receipts 2,150. Market dull. Best wool lambs ........ $15.50@15.75 Fair lambs ' .............. 14.00@15.00 Light to common . . . . . . . . 11.00@13.00 Fair to good sheep. . . . . . . 12.00@12.75 Culls Hogs. Receipts 8,222. Market dull at 750 lower than last week. Pigs ......... ' ........ .........$18.50 Mixed . . ............... . . . . . 19.80 CHICAGO. . Hogs. ' Estimated receipts today are 23,000; holdover 12,611. Opening trade strong but market weakening and mostly 10@ 15c lower. Bulk of sales $20@20.4-0; Heavy 250 lbs up, medium, good and choice $20.40@20.55; medium 200 to 250 lbs, medium, good and choice $20 @2045; light 150 to 200 lbs, common, medium, good' and choice .$19.65@ $20.30; light lights, 130 to 150 lbs; com,- mon, medium, good and choice-$18.25 @1935; heavy packing sows 250 .le up, smooth $19.50@19.85; packing. sows 200 lbs up, rough $18.25'@19.50;j~ IDOOOIOODOIOIO. ooooooooooo coo-Ono. choice $1~7.25@18.50._ _, , . - - Cattle. ; . " ' Estimated 'réce e stOck' 1 (halves slow - 7.00@ 8.50 ' $1.85; p1 Digs 130 lbs down, medium, good and .t pints today ”£38.50 Wfifi; Best beef steers steady;3others Strong, [ers to 25c higher. Sh ‘ to) - * . or. ‘ ion it will be $50 per ton before the 0 next crop is harvested. Beef steers,,medium and heavy weight, 1100le up, choice and prime $177561? 20; do medium and good. $13.90@18; do common ,$11.25@14.25_; light Weight 1109 lbs down, good and Choic'? $1435 Butter.—-The butter market has been @1785; do common and medium. at. irregular and excitable again $10-25@15-25; , butcher cattle, heifers, week, a condition that will undoubted- 09mmgngmedlum’ good and chome at ly continue until full grass butter be- $1.25@15. COWS) . commom medium, comes available. Receipts have been good and chome $7'50@14-?5’ bulls, somewhat lighter because of loss stock bologna and beef ”@1235! canners shipped from inland points for export, and cutters, cows and heifers $6@7.50; and because of fewer double ship- do canner steers $7-50@10'25; veal ments. Advance‘notices however in- calves, light and handywelght, medium, dicate a decided increase in production THE NEWYORK PRODUCE MAR- ' KET. ' good and choice_$l2(m13.25; feeder and without doubt the coming weel steers, common, medium, 300d and will witness a marked increase in re- choice $10.25(a;15.50; stockerh steers, ceipts - common, medium, good and c ocie at ‘ - . " \ $8.50@13.75;dstocker cgws aindhheifersé f§§§?§gd‘§§§.nga tfiicfifiik if 333$? :33 common, me ium, goo an e oice a - - ' -' . - - ‘- . $8.25@11; stocker calves common, me- there is insuffiment shipping space dium, good and choice $7.75@13.25. . Sheep and Lambs. Estimated receipts today are,14,000; market steady for sheep; lambs held higher. Prime shorn lambs at $16.10; lambs 84 lbs down, medium, good, fiboice and1 prime $17.75@19.60; do 85 5 up, me ium, good, Choice and prime three cents and there was a tendency $g‘251919‘50: (101011116 and common at among jobbers and retailers to, pur- $ @ . 59"ng ambs, medium, 30,0“, chase as little butter as possible." The choice and prime $18-50@212 yearling last two days have shown a quickened wethers, medium, 309d, 0110199 $15-50 demand and values have recovered $17-75, ewes, meélum: good and about 1%0. At the close yesterday es- c oxce $11.75@15.50, ewes. dull-and tablished quotations were as follows: common “@1175! , Extras 640; higher; scoring than extras BUFFALo, . 641/2@65c; firsts 621/2@631/20; seconds Cattle. 60@620 per pound. -Wednesda.y, April30,1919. Cheese—The cheese market has Receipts 40 cars. Market, .is dull. been irregular during the week. .There Prime heavy steers $17@18; best ship- has been a. decline "1 the price 0f ping steers $15@13_50; medium ship- White cheese but colored has been in ping steers $13@13-50; best yearlings‘ good demand because of a considerable $_9.50@10; lambs $15@16; light year— lowing for export trade. ; hngs, good quality $14.50@15; best Eggs.-—There is a less buyoant feel; handy steers $14@15;’ fair to good ing in the egg market‘now that the kind $12@13; handy steers and heifers Easter holidays have-passed. However. mixed $12.50@13; western heifers at a strong export demand has caueed the $13.5o@14.50; .best fat cows $11@12; market to Strengthen during the week for‘large shipments abroad. There are however, rumors of a strong export de- mand that-v‘vill develop later, and it is generally felt that we will have a. strong market and-high prices through- out the season. During the first part .butcher cows $9@10; cutters $769750? and values have increased about one canners $5@5.50‘; fancy bulls $11@ 7101:1770, cents." Storage accumulations 11,50; butcher bulls $9@1o; common are about the same as for last year at 'buns $7.50@8.50; best feeding steers this season and havee'nobearing. on $9@10; lambs $11@12.50; w ”medium the general situatiOn. Reports; indicate. feeders .$10@11; , tookers $10@10.5o: that receipts wnlbe‘h‘eavfy during'thb. , coming week. Quotations ._ are as , fol- light. common =$8@, ';;.best1nilkers and Swingers $563,150: 10w :., Extra flrSt‘Sg‘filzéafisc‘ rats, * - . aeraili-y " 44._@45¢: exti',“ ‘ gm Resetats, ten coats; market is lower; Rembrxathereéfl , ' ‘ .seiiingjat; Heavy. 329.9%) 21350;};31-3 at [$20_75@_ a, rangerofi‘fial .08 , . .«,,.'._ tease —, viii Receipts "401/401'storaSegpacked firsts and extras . .. 431A@44;%c. "Ai'New York trading is j The Philadelphia trade has advanced ,. veloped‘at the city markets and a. num- , A a ber of truck loads Were cleaned up at' A live stock market- has been estab-. this , Export demand has not been' available in ocean going vessels to care , .of the week the price declined about - ‘ , the growing sections with the resultant c é) ; wééki‘was‘ a“ Higfione' and the 'price‘ level wt... 1(1in maintained._ vIntorma: flour-caching the "Wool trade in Boston tends 'toi'shcw that the government auctions there are having a decidedly. ' reassuringgeffect among _- the _ growers .in the west. This has acted to keep prices tending upward.‘ The situation is, perhaps. not wholly to the liking of the buyersand commission houses, al- though they do. not, of' course, care to see anything like a real depression in curtailment of supplies. Dealers would welcome the end of federal auctions, Improved Demand for Cloth. The cloth.m’arket shows a better tone, and the industry.is fast getting away frOm the dull period which pre- vailed but a few weeks‘ ago. In sev- eral instances mills are sold up” on pro- ductiOn to carry them over a period of about three months, while others are finding that business is being placed more freely. The fall seasons seems to be imprOving as time goeson. At Bedford, England, prices continue at- high levels. At last week’s sales record prices were paid for both mer- inos and cross-bred wools. There seems to be no limit to the ability of certain members of the trade 'to pay. They need the: wool; otherwise they could not have paid the prices. It speaks well for the inherent strength of the wool position, and without doubt one must recognize that conditions are at Work which were never expected. The Michigan producers are getting about ten cents more for their clip than they expected to 'i'eceive earlier in the year, and this hashad a reassur- ing effect upon their attitude t0ward the sheep business. Six weeks ago many were considering the question of sending their flocks to the block, but the revival in prices as seen in the strong tone of the federal Auctions, has resulted in a change of heart. ' Sheep Breeders Sell 80,364 Pounds of . Wool. A New York Sheep Breeders’ Asso- ciation, with Mr. B. W. Brace, pres- ident, has made its first shipment of over 80,000 pounds of wool, which brought over $45,000. Wool was taken in at Fancher, Albion and Medina. Two hundred and four association members sold through their organization and ob- tained from five to ten cents more per pound for their wdol. About half of the wool taken in was, tied with paper twine which the asso- ciation purchased for its members at cost. Mr. Dawson, buyer for James: town Worsted Mills, who graded all the association wool, greatly preferred fleeces tied with the ‘paper twine. He stated that the wool taken in this year was a fine lot and much better than he expected to find: Mr. Dawsdn has graded Orleans county wools sold the Jamestown Mills by’local buyers, for several. years. ‘ The Sheep reeders’ Association ex- pect to make their second shipment of wool, which has already been sold at the same prices as the first shipment, about the first week in May. Sixty cents per pound will be paid forrgood grade wool if tied with paper twine and fifty-nine and a half cents when done up with 'wool twine. Men who desire to sell through the organization should pledge their wool as it is shear- ed with either Mr.vR. C. Ostrander, of Knowlesville, or ‘the, Farm Bureau Office at Albion. ' F. o R s A L E . Ogfihlmgggfilefidggfigd 523$}? or Also two thorob Eolstoin bulls ready service- . . ~ ' f n ‘o —wool“ at2 Boston is in cows are on A \\ \ \ \l \ \\ //' i ,1/ , ’ WW ' / .I‘ ‘\ ./ g'w ', ,17/ ,1 /’v’ . .,, I // JN’VV/ ’/ a. . “ ‘ PMTA‘ One of the most 'commo’n‘and . expensive mistakes dairymen make \ shutting off grain feeds as soon as \ This is sure to result in reduced milk production, ture. however abundant, does not contain sulfi- cient nutrients to enable cows to keep up maxb mum milkproduction without sapping their Vitality. SCHUMAQIIER FEED nmvrmmr iiA'i'ioii ‘fed generouSIthile‘yourcows are on pasture, supply the necessary body- ~building qualities that pasture lacks—they will bring you $2 turn for each Don’t make the mistake of shutting off grain feeds because , / your cows are on pasture ——it's too expensive. FEED and BIG “Q" keep your a \ “ . , \ _‘\ , ~ \ 2§\‘§ \, f1¢é& . » ‘ The Quaker Oats Company $323533... chester‘s. \ o. i. . i m . . 114331.00}: do to so bl: satisfaction omteod. ~ -° p " F?W?.ALEXANDER. Vgur.«flloli. ‘ Servicenbie .booro of last run» C ,S' mer and fall a rrow. G. P. ANDREWS. Dansville. Mloh’. l H. W. MANN. Dansville. Mich. ’ s \ \‘. O I. O. Gilts bred for summer furrow and a few fall 0 boar pigs any of them good enoughTo ship. C.0.D.. F. C. BURG ‘88: R. , Mason. Mich. pasture. . \ because spring pas- 'alone in re- ; $1 invested in feed. Let SCHUMACH ER cows up to maxi‘ mum production the whole season through. U. S. Shearing Tests Tests conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Animal In. dustry at Laramie, WyOming. demonstrated that sheep sheared with a machine not only produce more wool the first. season. but grow more Wool every successive year. Woo commands high prices. Get aStewart N 0.-9 Ball Bearing Shearing Machine and make more mono“ Price 814. Send 82-pay balance on arrival. rite for catalog. . 'ouicnoo rszmu sun" OOIPANV Dept. Bl27. 12th St. and Central Ave.. Chicago, Ill. CULOTTA 8: JULL Eastern Market, Detroit, Mich. We need your shipments of Poultrfl‘Veal. Dressed Bogs. Live casting Pigs, E gs, lye Rabbits and Game. Big est. prices possib obtained on arrival. »W.e can handleyour Potatoes. Onions, Apples. Cabb- eand mot. crops cnrlote or lose. Your ehi ments all!» up reciated and have our best care an atten- you don’t have to wait for your money. Reference Peninsular State Bank. Mr. POULTRY FARMER : We make a specialty of White Hennery Eggs and have created a. profitable market for your eggs the year around. We pay the highest premium for your Hennery Whites—We remit same day shipments arrive. hlp OftonuShlp by Express GEO. R. ELDRIDGE CO. 494-18“: Street, Detroit, Mich. Remember! We guarantee you satisfaction with every Ihipment. Ship To The Old Reliable Haul. H A I Daniel McCaffi-ey'e Sons. 623-625 Webs-b Bldg; Pitt-burgh PI. Holmes,Stuwe Co., 445 Riopelle Si. Commission Merchants. Dressed Beef. Hogs. calves. PoultrébLive a Dressed. Provisions. etc. Correspon- dence licited. Ref. Wayne County l Home Savmgs Ban Bradstreet. Detroit. Mich. Cad.28‘18. "M fixings]: 90 to 125 pound healthy pigs in car buy them all year. e » Danville Stock Hog Co. Danville, Illinois. BLUE RIDGE ENSILAGE CORN Earliest maturigf heavy yielding variety. ulna Eureka, Virginia and Rod 'Prices reasonable. tion, on Bn' 0 I THE llOLblES-LETHERMAN SHED COMPANY, xF, Canton, Ohio: Greatest Hog Fe $1, ‘tffiffligt; era] fill; on hand for" a reasonable‘pgaLovgfitfi or on one pen and_ prose ' N 00. ms .543 afilllfamlnin so. 'Dot‘mit. Michigan. , ‘ lions. Jersey A w choice Its b to B k-~ pm water filing, gel-la! 11 46 . (A dill brotbrgfto fail boars ll red b once Jerse ' -A'f t my D Orion phergysllnééfié ”in ., . . , rod» 1-] i ,rmm mafia ., ‘ .9 i..',y~. g1; I ‘ o B 1 - Hampshires ~‘e‘l0€‘.§ie*§:,‘§. 99““ ”0‘" 1 Breed The Best ‘ V We have bred the 0. l. C. H “.BmokwmrLaee he d. union. Vt. ‘ .JIntpmtlnnel). mm.%&§n. nfidn‘lsfhfilg i . JOHN W. SNYDlgIg? It. 4. St. Johns, Mich. THE WORLD’S CHAMPION big ty 6 0.1.C'S. took of all ages for sale. Herd beads by Galloway Edd, the World 5 Champion 0. I. 0. boar assisted by 0. O. Schoolmaster. Grand Cham- ion boat of Michigan.New York and Tennessee state airs. A so. 0. C. iant. Buster, undefeated Senior boar pig wherever shown and Grand Chain ion of Oh- lahomn state fair. _Got our catalogue 0 Orandoll'o prize hogs, Cass City. Michigan. Shadowland Farm I o. I. C.’s 200 to 300 lbs. from prize win- Bred Gilts ning stock. Aiew failyear- iings and 2 yr. old sows. big type. growthy boars of all ages. guaranteed as breeders. Everything shipped C. 0. D. Ex ress ‘plaid and registered in buyer‘s name. J. CA L JE ETT, Mason,Mich. Raise Chester Whites, ‘ , Like This "2 the original big producers . / . 2 / t‘!‘ "‘5’ .xcl-Q‘kii/j .,4 HAVE started thousands or breeders on the road to. h rd . h lace otneI ho from t in v ry communityw era am no are r - ‘ my greo ethcse'linee early developers—ready for markelyat ill; the ol rite for my nlnn— ‘ on Money from Hogs,‘ o. $3331”. R.F.D.-10. “fund-mourn 1 , Originators of the Famous 0. l. C. __THE WORLD urrns LARGE Bots FAT HOGS - ~ Why lose money meedin r and feeding scrub hogs? Two of our 0.}. C. Bogs ‘ ‘ Weighed 2 8 0 6 Pounds. We are the most extensive breeders and shippers of pure bred hogs in the world. Write today for the true star of the real 0. l. C. Hogs. All foreignoh pmenes U. 5. Government Inspected since 18687 and hav never loot: .wit cholern or any 0 er contagiou- oeue. WRITE —-‘l‘ODAY- . FOR FREE 300! -- "The not fro- Birth to Sole” . THE I... B. SILVER C0. 196 Height: Te-ple Bldg. 1 0. l. C’s‘ qBoars and Dunn - . Mdnroe. Jig. boar, a few last pigs to offenre - itizens Phone ' Nashville. M1011. 2 Choice Yearlings CloverLeaf Stock Farm. It. 1. o | B's One very good yearling ' - . Septgiits, and this sprin intered free. 56 mile west of De t. OTTO B. SCHU ZE. O I C’s O'ne August boar and a few Mai-oh ' 0 pigs sirigle or Bairs not. related. " » O.J.T ()MPS N. Rockford.Mioh. FRANCISCO FARMS SHORTHORNS--POLAND CHINAS Three choice heifers and a few young cows to offer. Also fine good gilts bred for late springfarrow. Prices are attractive. P. P. POPE. Mt. Plesant. Mich. We have been breeding Big For 25 Years Tvpe Poland China hogs of the most approved blood lilies. Our new herd boar "lViicliigan Buster" is a mighty good son of the rent. “Giant. Buster", dam "Mouw's iss Queen 2". ome breeding! VI 6 are all sold out except :1 few fall lgs. J. C. BUTLER. Portland. ich. Big Type Poland Chinas Am offering a choice gilt. registered and cholera im- mune. with her ten pigs i’arroued Apr. 1. Also best boar pig of April furrow raised lust year; absolutely right. priced at $7.3. Wesley Bile. Ii. 6. Ionia. Mich. P bred gilts sold. For sale herd boar igospect 17 mo. - . old. wgt. 600 lb. with quality. sire ulster Giant, L. 548940311 800 lb. now in flesh. Sire Free 'Livery from Plirma. Mich. 269393. (lam Nemo sold for “WOW ced reasonable. Parma. . E. LIVINGSTON, Big Poland Chinas spy} gigfifg; fall gilts. open or bred. G. A. BAI’MGARDNER. R. 2. Middleville. Mich. For and. L S. P. (l Bred sows all sold. 2 boars ready for-service 0 also 1 fall ho runnd full gilts to breed forfalli’ar- row. H. O. S“ ARTZ. 1i. 1. Schoolcl'ilft, Mich. ig ’l‘ype Poluiid-Chinus pigs, sired by C. A. King Joe 290831. by King Joe 251257; Monster Big Bob 327623. by Luken’s Big Bob 287777‘ Buster Half Ton 298225. by Great Big Half Ton 261243. Out. of sows. whose pedir gree.indivlduality andqunlity are of equal merit as my herd boars. Can furnish pairs and trios. not akin. C. A. BOUNE. Blanchard. Mich. MICH. Champion herd of Big Typo P.C.Notliing for sale but. to l plihgshorders booked for s will}; pigs. LEONARD. St. ouis. Mich. Big type P. C. fall hours the big prolifice kind, their breeding traces to the best herd in lii. Iouu.& Ncb, C. E. GARNAN'I'. Eaton Rapids, h'lich. Large Type P.C.Nothing for sale now.Will be in mar hot with better than ever this full. If herd stufl counts. W. J. HAGELSHAW, Augusto. Mich. ' boar and bred gilts. Choico B‘g Type P. C' Aug. pigs at a bargain. A. A. WOOD & SON. - - Saline. Mich. 3' Type I’. C. Choice bred sows from Iowas greatest. lg herds, the big bone &rolific kind with size and quality. E. J. INIATHE 'SON. Burr 01.. Mich. lg Type Poland's all sold out. nothingforsale at. present. Booking orders for spring pigs. Thanking my customers. . C umberlain, Marcellus. Mich. Poland Chinas all sold. General mammOth Jones No. 317249, son of Gerstdale Jones heads our herd. Clyde Weaver, Ceresco. Mich. ‘ Will have better males than ever B‘g Type PJSH for fall trade, gilt-z in season. N D IIJSJY. Sclioolcruft, Mich. HORSES Pure Bred l Belgian Draft Horses We have some extra good Belgian Stallions for Sale. cooling three and four years old. They are heavy. of good comformation and sound. You can see their sires and dams. T ey are raised in Michigan aiid acclimated. We have no agents on the road for which you or we would have to pay. You cannot buy them any better nor cheaper in the world. Our studs and mares carry the best blood Belgium has produced. We prove this by their pedigrees. We invite you to see our stock before buying. You can see them any day of the week Except Sunday. Write for particulars and catalog to the OWOSSO SUGAR COMPANY. Prairie Farm. Alicia, Mich. The ure bred Percheron stallion For sale and lue Ribbon Champion “John D”. registry number 92549 six gears old, wei his 1900 lbs. An excellent individual wit a good De igl‘ee. At $500.00. the best bnfimin of the season. J. . BBEVVER, Grand Rapids, Mich. Percherons, Holslelns. Angus, Shro shim. Dunes DORE D. BUELL. Elm Irl. lchlflln. Stallions and mares at. reasons!) Percheroanrices; inpecttloninvited. I. F. L. KING & BO Chartlotte. Mich. SHEEP MORE to the' Kids of Mich: i have sold all the ‘ owes that. I care to sell,but judging from the many inquiries I have received there are many of- you kids who still want to get started in registered ewes. Now themhere is a non proposition: I have se- lected one beautiful Smpsliire owe. she will lamb in the course of the next month: she is worth at least; $50 .00. I will give this ewe. ubsolutely free. to the boy or girl who \‘95 me.in my opinion.the best reasons why they shoul be the one to get her I may give away more than one. S. L. WING. SHROPSHIRE SHEEP . We have about 50 ewes in lamb for sale, of best; . breeding. tore . Y E. SAIER, Seedsman. 109411 E. Ottawa 8L, Lansing, Mich. BUY A SHEEP ~- Wait a minute.buyHampshires. The American Hamp- ile Sheep Association wants to son you a dandy lit.- tle booklet with list of Breeders. ome near‘you. Write COMFORT A. TYLER. Secretary, 22 Wood- land Ave., Detroit. Mich. Kope-Kon Farms. Goldwater. Mich. _1_ rice also ewe lambs. .. If. F. MOUSER. B. 6. Ithaca. Mich. . Shropshire Sheep £333" “31;; r: ARMSTRONG BROS. R 3 » , etrmwo. one Il‘owierville. ich. , 0.1. c. Bred Gilts All Sold. ‘ " For Sale Bred 388- 311109. Ewes at a reoeonabla- ., 4‘ fruit trees have been seriously in- 7 ‘ jured by mice or rabbits eating the « bark and sapwood at the surface of the ' grOund, they can be saved by bridge grafting. First trim off the gnawed parts of the bark with a sharp knife, leaving the edges smooth. Then take from the .tree a twig of last summer’s grewth about as thick as a lead pencil and long enough to extend an inch and one half above and below the gnawed ~ part. Both above and below the gnaw- ed part out out a strip of bark an inch and one-half long and as wide as the twig or graft is thick. Trim both ends of the graft on the same side by paring it down to about half its thickness for a length of about two inches and then fit the prepared ends into the bark cuts above and below the injury. Fas- ten each end of the graft to the tree by driving in a very fine tack or brad not much thicker than a pin. Cover the ends of the graft and all cut sur- faces with grafting wax. A union be- tween the graft and tree will then take place and thus the gnawed part will be bridged over. In very bad cases of injury it, may be necessary to fasten . the lower end of the graft into one of Y the tree roots. Place a graft every -two inches across the injured part. Abundant Air Space ‘ Makes the GILTEDG ' §. Pipeless Furnace Heat Properly Without Wasting Fuel . 0U. know that the furnace-heated home is more comfortable, cleaner and healthier to live in than the stove-heated one. You wouldn’t hesitate a minute about putting in a furnace if you were sure that it wouldn't be too expensive to _install and operate or too diflipult to“run". But when you think of heating your home with a furnace. some big questions come up that you want answered right. CONTROL TOMATO DISEASES. KNOWLEDGE of precautionary measures to avoid crori diseases is highly important to tomato growers. To- matoes are subject to many diseases any one of which may be sufficiently serious to ruin the entire crop, or at least to preclude the possibility of making a profit on the season’s work. Use the best seed obtainable; free from disease, if possible. -- . Choose a seed-bed soil not previously used for growing tomatoes or related crops; or, better still, a soil sterilized with steam or formalin. Spray plants in the seed-bed and in the field with a good fungicide, such as Bordeaux mixture. Apply thorough- I 1y about every ten days. For spraying in the seed-bed use the 3-4-50 Bordeaux formula, increasing the strength to 4-4-30 or 5—5-50 for field spraying. The stronger field concentration is prefer- able only in Controlling early blight or rust. Spraying in the field may not be necessary during periods of drought. Keep in check the various insects at work on the plants. This may be done by adding to every fifty gallons of Bordeaux mixture a half pint of Black Leaf “40” and one pound of zinc ar- senite or lead arsenate. lf spraying is not practiced, dust the plants with a mixture of tobacco dust, zinc arsenite or lead arsenate, and flowers of sul— phur. Where plants are likely to suffer by drought some means for irrigating shOuld be provided. If this is imprac- ticable, plant and cultivate in the best way to conserve soil moisture. Nitrate of soda is preferable to oth- er forms. of nitrogen (ammonia) for fertilizing tomatoes. Avoid a heavy application of stable manure. Do not- use potassium chloride, nor manure or ~compost containing old tomato vines. Keep the field in a sanitary condi- - Without expense or obligation on, L—ls it necessary to have warm air pipes running to all the rooms we went to heat? Emphatically No! The Gilt Edge Pipeless Furnace will heat your living rooms to a comfortable living temperature (70 degrees) and your \ sleeping rooms to a comfortable sleeping temperature (65 degrees) from one central register. You don't have to rip your floors and walls to pieces to put in warm air pipes. You simply locate the furnace at the most convenient place in your cellar, run the casings up to the floor register and let nature's laws do the rest. Cutting one floor opening for the register is all the “Car- penter Work" necessary. Because the space between the heating surfaces and the inside casing is large there’s room for a bi volume of air to be heated and flood the rooms above. he warm air which comes up through the register will circulate even- ly throughout all the rooms of the house by simply leav- ing your inside doors open. Because the inner casing is a thoroughly insulated triple wall, heat can'tbe absorbed at the sides, but must go up where it heats the rooms. And because the space between inner and outer casings is also large, the cold air returning from the rooms de- scends freelynwithout binding and insures the perfect cir- A Real Furnace L culatio'n necessary for proper ventilation. There’s a con- stant circulation of pure, clean air of the ri ht tempera- ture through the house—no host is wested or it all goes " up into the .rooms instead of out, through the Casings. These big arr spaces put the Gilt Edge Pipeless in aclass by itself for solid comfort at low fuel cost. 2—Will not furnace heating increase my fire] bills? Again No! —'-if it's a Gilt Edge the cost will be muchless than . you can secure the-same dc ree of temperature through- out the house for_, by the use 0 several stoves,and no greater than fuel cost for a single base burner and a kitchen range. 3.—lsn’t a. furnace hard to run?—-Decidedly not-ifit’s a Gilt Edge. The Gilt Edge Pipeless furnaceis so simple that a 12 year old‘boy can operate it. It’s regulated from the living rooms and requires no attention except puttin in fuel and removing ashes. It_will'b’urn hard coal, so coal, coke or wood.‘ 5» ~ lit—Won’t a furnace heat up my cellar so that foodstuffs wrllspml? The Gilt Edge Pipeless furnace won’t, for there are no warm air pipes running through thecellsr, and" because the triple insulatedinner casing and'the large cold air space between casings keeps the“ outer jacket » I cool at all times. ,« Made by Experienced Furnace Build“ is. The Gilt Edge Pipeless is a reel furnace—in eve sential heating feature the same as the Gilt Edge ‘- . es.‘ ._ 1pc Furnaces, which have for many years been recognized by architects, builders, heating engineers and home own- ers as emphatically superior-in heating efliciency, dura- _ bility and fuel saving. It has the same long fire travel. _ the same large heating surfaces, the same trouble-proofanti-clinker grates, and other exclusive improvements which have made thousands offriends for Gilt Edge furnaces. The Gilt Edge will do all any other pipeless furnace will do—and more. ‘ 1". Write Us for Our Booklet on Pipeless Heating your part we will be glad to“ tell ou What can reasonably he expects of enioy- cost You to put in the Gilt EdgeiPipeless. The Gilt Edge Anti- clinker mte clcsrs‘exr tire fire from ashes even- ly and easily. can't catch. Live coals can’t be dumped acci- dentally. One of several Gilt Edge features you'll Clinkerl a pipeless furnace in heating your, home and what it wi l ‘ tion. Examine it regularly and remove allrotted fruit and sickly plants and REMEMBER THE NAME 61:2ng 80 ——The Pipeless furnace With abundant air space, . ‘ , .-. . _ , ; destroy them by burning or burying. by responsible dealers and heating contraetOrs and "c‘ggogwmfimtmnhfihggfic. .. If. buried, they should be covered with made only by , , _ . V (n): mey‘hcfghgg’g hrqdmd7fi§?l§u}§ins fuel. , a. disinfectant, such as lime. _ , . ~ ' " 2:3.th which haunting "sir fertile. ‘ ' ‘-<' . - _ - .. , ,. mlstedylnner Cssjn ,_., may . ,Bractice crop rotation. The less ’ , J s h . b & . , . f ,. mfiquficqpiy‘u‘.igyfrfic I: often tomatoes follow tomatoes or re- Re , o . ‘ C W3 , -, . ‘1‘ "9"“? "muggugtmx Slated? crops, the less likely is the crop 297 Clinton Street ’ ” - ‘- ' ' 2 _ tohfecome diseased. , , , ' 7‘ f p ‘ _ ‘While the observance of these pre- . a @0118 will not guarantee a crop free disease, it will. go far in that «(li- a .(‘ Q : we . 1.. mm Cantu-WM